FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Hajjar, RM AF Hajjar, RM TI The public military high school - A powerful educational possibility SO ARMED FORCES & SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE social capital; military capital; cultural capital; agency; life skills; upward mobility AB This article explores an innovative secondary educational institution: a public military academy. Data were collected through observations, interviews, paper content analyses, and surveys in an urban military high school. The data reveal how the school's unique military subculture develops students by enabling them to accrue various forms of social capital, including military capital, and by developing cadets' civility, leadership skills and agency, discipline, and propensity for education. Therefore, the institutional product or academy graduate should possess enhanced life skills and increased chances to achieve upward mobility, making this school a potentially powerful educational institution for underprivileged urban-minority youth. Future research should explore how this school compares to other urban public schools, parochial schools, and private military schools and the life outcomes of the students from these different schools. The research has broad implications for the potential power of public military schools, especially in urban environs. C1 US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Hajjar, RM (reprint author), US Mil Acad, 646 Swift Rd, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM remi.hajjar@us.army.mil NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0095-327X J9 ARMED FORCES SOC JI Armed Forces Soc. PD OCT PY 2005 VL 32 IS 1 BP 44 EP 62 DI 10.1177/0095327X05277882 PG 19 WC Political Science; Sociology SC Government & Law; Sociology GA 036WI UT WOS:000237107100003 ER PT J AU Walmsley, J AF Walmsley, J TI Long gray lines: The Southern military school tradition, 1839-1915. SO ARMED FORCES & SOCIETY LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Walmsley, J (reprint author), US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0095-327X J9 ARMED FORCES SOC JI Armed Forces Soc. PD OCT PY 2005 VL 32 IS 1 BP 139 EP 141 DI 10.1177/0095327X05278521 PG 3 WC Political Science; Sociology SC Government & Law; Sociology GA 036WI UT WOS:000237107100008 ER PT J AU Kiesling, EC AF Kiesling, EC TI Rome at war: Farms, families, and death in the middle Republic. SO ARMED FORCES & SOCIETY LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Kiesling, EC (reprint author), US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0095-327X J9 ARMED FORCES SOC JI Armed Forces Soc. PD OCT PY 2005 VL 32 IS 1 BP 149 EP 151 DI 10.1177/0095327X05278901 PG 3 WC Political Science; Sociology SC Government & Law; Sociology GA 036WI UT WOS:000237107100012 ER PT J AU Doerr, DF Ratliff, DA Sithole, J Convertino, VA AF Doerr, DF Ratliff, DA Sithole, J Convertino, VA TI Stroke volume during orthostatic challenge: Comparison of two non-invasive methods SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE photoplethysmography; impedance cardiography; tilt table testing ID IMPEDANCE CARDIOGRAPHY; BLOOD-PRESSURE; SPACEFLIGHT; INTOLERANCE; RESPONSES; HYPOTENSION; RESISTANCE; EXERCISE; FLIGHT AB Background: Real time non-invasive determination of stroke volume (SV) is important to astronaut orthostatic testing. We compared simultaneous estimates of SV calculated from peripheral pulse waveforms with a more conventional non-invasive technique. Methods: Ten men and nine women completed 12-min protocols. The relative change (%Delta) in beat-to-beat SV was estimated non-invasively from changes in pulse waveforms measured by application of infrared finger photoplethysmography (IFP) and thoracic impedance cardiography (TIC). The %Delta SV values were calculated from continuous measurements in the supine posture and over the first 10 s (T1), second 10 s (T2), and 3 min (T3) of 80 degrees head-up tilt (HUT). Results: Average %Delta SV measured by IFP at T1 (-11.7 +/- 13.7%) was statistically less than the average %Delta SV measured by TIC at T1 (-21.7 +/- 3.1%), while average %Delta SV measured by IFP at T2 (-16.2 +/- 3.9%) and T3 (-19.1 +/- 3.8%) were not statistically distinguishable from the average %Delta SV measured by TIC at T2 (-21.8 +/- 2.5%), and T3 (-22.6 +/- 2.9%). Correlation coefficients (r(2)) between IFP and TIC were 0.117 (T1), 0.387 (T2), and 0.718 (T3). Conclusion: IFP provides beat-to-beat (real-time) assessment of %Delta SV after 20 s of transition to an orthostatic challenge that is comparable to TIC. IFP technology flown during space missions can be used to assess physiological status and countermeasure effectiveness for orthostatic problems that may arise in astronauts after spaceflight. While the peripherally measured IFP response is delayed, the ease of implementing this monitor in the field is advantageous. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NASA, Technol Implementat Branch, Kennedy Space Ctr, FL USA. NASA, Bionet Corp, Kennedy Space Ctr, FL USA. NASA, Spaceflight & Life Sci Training Program, Kennedy Space Ctr, FL USA. RP Convertino, VA (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave,Bldg 3611, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM victor.convertino@amedd.army.mil NR 18 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD OCT PY 2005 VL 76 IS 10 BP 935 EP 939 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 970YE UT WOS:000232347500004 PM 16235876 ER PT J AU George, S George, B Gorak, E AF George, S George, B Gorak, E TI Erythema nodosum secondary to granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in a patient with Hodgkin lymphoma during CD34(+) cell mobilization for autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation: A dose-mediated effect SO BIOLOGY OF BLOOD AND MARROW TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Letter ID DERMATOSES C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Hematol Oncol Serv, San Antonio, TX USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Hematol Oncol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP George, S (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU CARDEN JENNINGS PUBL CO LTD PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA BLAKE CTR, STE 200, 1224 W MAIN ST, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903 USA SN 1083-8791 J9 BIOL BLOOD MARROW TR JI Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant. PD OCT PY 2005 VL 11 IS 10 BP 816 EP 817 DI 10.1016/j.bbmt.2005.07.003 PG 2 WC Hematology; Immunology; Transplantation SC Hematology; Immunology; Transplantation GA 976KH UT WOS:000232731800009 PM 16182183 ER PT J AU Liu, LS Fishman, ML Hicks, KB Kende, M AF Liu, LS Fishman, ML Hicks, KB Kende, M TI Interaction of various pectin formulations with porcine colonic tissues SO BIOMATERIALS LA English DT Article DE pectin; mucin; drug delivery; bioadhesiveness ID ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; POLYMERIC MICROSPHERES; DRUG-DELIVERY; MUCIN; MUCUS; CHALLENGE; COMPLEX AB Pectins of low and high degrees of esterification, as well as pectin derivatives carrying primary amines, were investigate for gel forming ability with mucosal tissues. The combination of scanning electronic microscopy and small deformation dynamic mechanical studies revealed that pectins with higher net electrical charges are more bioadhesive than the less charged ones. Both the negatively charged pectin formulation, P-25, and the positively charged formulation, P-N, were able to synergize with the mucus to produce rheologically strengthened gels. The highly esterified pectin, P-94, also synergized with the mucosal glycoproteins to form a gel structure via coil entanglements. The ex vivo studies further confirmed the microstructures of mucus gel networks with adsorbed pectins. When incubated with porcine intestinal mucus membrane, P-94 gels were found generally bound to the lumen area, P-25 gels were able to penetrate deeply near the wall area, P-N gels interacted with mucins via electrostatic bonding and dispersed into the whole area from the lumen to the wall. Hence, both P-N and P-94, by enhancing the protective barrier properties of mucus systems, may be useful alternatives for the treatment of mucus related irritation and infection. In drug-delivery systems, P-N and P-25 would deliver incorporated drugs mainly by pectin dissolution, while a diffusion mechanism would release drugs from P-94 gels. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USDA ARS, ERRC, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Liu, LS (reprint author), USDA ARS, ERRC, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM lsliu@errc.ars.usda.gov NR 29 TC 53 Z9 54 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0142-9612 J9 BIOMATERIALS JI Biomaterials PD OCT PY 2005 VL 26 IS 29 BP 5907 EP 5916 DI 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2005.03.005 PG 10 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 940FI UT WOS:000230128700018 PM 15949556 ER PT J AU Cohen, SP Kent, C AF Cohen, SP Kent, C TI Pronounced unexplained preoperative tachycardia heralding serious cardiac events: a series of three cases SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ANAESTHESIA-JOURNAL CANADIEN D ANESTHESIE LA English DT Article ID NONCARDIAC SURGERY; INDUCED ARRHYTHMIAS; BETA-BLOCKERS; HYPERTENSION; ANESTHESIA; HEART; SUCCINYLCHOLINE; HYPOTENSION; REDUCTION; RISK AB Purpose: Pronounced, unexplained preoperative tachycardia can be a formidable challenge for the anesthesiologist. Whereas the relationship between persistent intraoperative tachycardia and perioperative morbidity is indisputable, there is a lack of available data on unexplained preoperative tachycardia. The main objective of this case series is to stimulate research and discussion on this topic, so that guidelines can be developed to aid in management. Clinical features : We present three patients with pronounced (>= 130 beats(.)min(-1)) unexplained preoperative tachycardia who suffered adverse perioperative events that were garnered from quality improvement records at two teaching hospitals. In the first case, a 38-yr-old woman with a lumbar spinal tumour went into ventricular fibrillation after induction of anesthesia and was found on subsequent evaluation to have an abnormal cardiac re-entrant pathway. In the second case, an otherwise healthy middle-aged man developed a wide complex tachycardia with hypotension during foot surgery, with the subsequent cardiac evaluation being negative. In the third case, a young, healthy woman scheduled for a melanoma incision developed crushing, substernal chest pain accompanied by nausea and shortness of breath prior to incision. An echocardiogram revealed mitral valve prolapse with regurgitation. Before rescheduling the procedures, therapeutic interventions were undertaken that facilitated successful completion of the surgeries. Conclusions: There are currently no data regarding the prevalence of unexplained preoperative tachycardia, and no guidelines to direct management. More research is needed on this important topic, including epidemiological data and management algorithm(s). C1 Johns Hopkins Med Inst, Dept Anesthesiol, Baltimore, MD USA. Johns Hopkins Med Inst, Dept Crit Care Med, Baltimore, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC USA. NYU, Sch Med, Dept Anesthesiol, New York, NY USA. RP Cohen, SP (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ Hosp, Pain Management Ctr, 550 N Broadway,Suite 301, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM scohen40@jhmi.edu NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU CANADIAN ANESTHESIOLOGISTS SOC PI TORONTO PA 1 EGLINTON AVE EAST, SUITE 208, TORONTO, ONTARIO M4P 3A1, CANADA SN 0832-610X J9 CAN J ANAESTH JI Can. J. Anaesth.-J. Can. Anesth. PD OCT PY 2005 VL 52 IS 8 BP 858 EP 863 PG 6 WC Anesthesiology SC Anesthesiology GA 980ND UT WOS:000233024300013 PM 16189339 ER PT J AU Burgi, A Brodine, S Wegner, S Milazzo, M Wallace, MR Spooner, K Blazes, DL Agan, BK Armstrong, A Fraser, S Crum, NF AF Burgi, A Brodine, S Wegner, S Milazzo, M Wallace, MR Spooner, K Blazes, DL Agan, BK Armstrong, A Fraser, S Crum, NF TI Incidence and risk factors for the occurrence of non-AIDS-defining cancers among human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals SO CANCER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Infectious-Diseases-Society-of-America CY SEP 30-OCT 03, 2004 CL Boston, MA SP Infect Dis Soc Amer DE human immunodeficiency virus; acquired immunodeficiency syndrome; malignancies; military; risk factors ID ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; KAPOSIS-SARCOMA; HIV; MALIGNANCIES; TRENDS; NEOPLASMS; CARCINOMA; PEOPLE; DEATH; CELLS AB BACKGROUND. The objective of this study was to determine the rates and predictors of non-AIDS-defining cancers (NADCs) among a cohort of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals. METHODS. The authors conducted a retrospective study of 4144 HIV-infected individuals who had 26,916 person-years of follow-up and who had open access to medical care at I of the United States military HIV clinics during the years 1988-2003. Cancer incidence rates were race specific and were adjusted for age; these were compared with national rates using logistic regression to assess predictors of NADC development. RESULTS. One hundred thirty-three NADCs were diagnosed with a rate of 980 diagnoses per 100,000 person-years. The most frequent NADCs were skin carcinomas (basal cell and squamous cell), Hodgkin disease, and anal carcinoma. The results showed that there were higher rates of melanoma, basal and squamous cell skin carcinomas, anal carcinoma, prostate carcinoma, and Hodgkin disease among the HIV-infected cohort compared with age-adjusted rates for the general United States population. Predictors of NADCs included age older than 40 years (odds ratio [OR], 12.2; P < 0.001), Caucasian/non-Hispanic race (OR, 2.1; P < 0.001), longer duration of HIV infection (OR, 1.2; P < 0.001), and a history of opportunistic infection (OR, 2.5; P < 0.001). The use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) was associated with lower rates of NAT)Cs (OR, 0.21; P < 0.001). A low CD4 nadir or CD4 count at diagnosis (< 200 cells/mL) was not predictive of NADCs. CONCLUSIONS. The most frequent NADCs were primary skin malignancies. Melanoma, basal and squamous cell skin carcinomas, anal carcinoma, prostate carcinoma, and Hodgkin disease occurred at higher rates among HIV-infected individuals. The implementation of screening programs for these malignancies should be considered. Most risk factors for the development of NADCs are nonmodifiable; however, the use of HAART appeared to be beneficial in protecting against the development of malignant disease. C1 San Diego State Univ, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. US Mil, HIV Res Program, Rockville, MD USA. Tri Serv AIDS Clin Consortium, Rockville, MD USA. USN, Ctr Med, Div Infect Dis, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, Washington, DC USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. USN, Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, Portsmouth, VA USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Crum, NF (reprint author), Naval Med Ctr San Diego, Clin Invest Dept KCA, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr,Suite 5, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM nfcrum@nmcsd.med.navy.mil OI Agan, Brian/0000-0002-5114-1669 NR 37 TC 111 Z9 113 U1 1 U2 3 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0008-543X J9 CANCER JI Cancer PD OCT 1 PY 2005 VL 104 IS 7 BP 1505 EP 1511 DI 10.1002/cncr.21334 PG 7 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 966EA UT WOS:000232001200021 PM 16104038 ER PT J AU Nguyen, BT Riley, G AF Nguyen, BT Riley, G TI Thoracic manifestations of blast injury: A Walter Reed experience SO CHEST LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Chest 2005 Conference CY OCT 29-NOV 03, 2005 CL Montreal, CANADA C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD OCT PY 2005 VL 128 IS 4 SU S BP 130S EP 131S PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 977JT UT WOS:000232800300006 ER PT J AU Lettieri, CJ Eliasson, AH Andrada, T Khramtsov, A Raphaelson, M Kristo, DA AF Lettieri, CJ Eliasson, AH Andrada, T Khramtsov, A Raphaelson, M Kristo, DA TI Obstructive sleep APNEA syndrome: Are we missing an at-risk population? SO CHEST LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Chest 2005 Conference CY OCT 29-NOV 03, 2005 CL Montreal, CANADA C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD OCT PY 2005 VL 128 IS 4 SU S BP 133S EP 133S PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 977JT UT WOS:000232800300016 ER PT J AU Powers, CR Frey, WC AF Powers, CR Frey, WC TI Maintenance of wakefulness test in active duty soldiers with upper airway resistance syndrome and mild to moderate obstructive sleep APNEA SO CHEST LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Chest 2005 Conference CY OCT 29-NOV 03, 2005 CL Montreal, CANADA C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD OCT PY 2005 VL 128 IS 4 SU S BP 134S EP 134S PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 977JT UT WOS:000232800300018 ER PT J AU King, CS Holley, AB Shorr, AF Moores, LK AF King, CS Holley, AB Shorr, AF Moores, LK TI Meta-analysis: Three times daily subcutaneous heparin is not superior to twice daily therapy in the prevention of venous thromboembolisim in moderate to high risk medical inpatients SO CHEST LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Chest 2005 Conference CY OCT 29-NOV 03, 2005 CL Montreal, CANADA C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD OCT PY 2005 VL 128 IS 4 SU S BP 191S EP 191S PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 977JT UT WOS:000232800300191 ER PT J AU Lettieri, CJ Shorr, AF Barnett, S Ahmad, S Nathan, SD AF Lettieri, CJ Shorr, AF Barnett, S Ahmad, S Nathan, SD TI Incidence and related outcomes of pulmonary hyertension in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis SO CHEST LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Chest 2005 Conference CY OCT 29-NOV 03, 2005 CL Montreal, CANADA C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD OCT PY 2005 VL 128 IS 4 SU S BP 217S EP 218S PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 977JT UT WOS:000232800300266 ER PT J AU Mikita, JA Parker, J AF Mikita, JA Parker, J TI Comparison of medical utilization in the year preceding and anteceding laryngoscopic diagnosis of vocal cord dysfunction SO CHEST LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Chest 2005 Conference CY OCT 29-NOV 03, 2005 CL Montreal, CANADA C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD OCT PY 2005 VL 128 IS 4 SU S BP 236S EP 236S PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 977JT UT WOS:000232800300320 ER PT J AU Zanders, TB Bell, DG Emmons, EE AF Zanders, TB Bell, DG Emmons, EE TI Relationship of spirometry results and reason for mechanical ventilation (MV) to hospital survival in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) SO CHEST LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Chest 2005 Conference CY OCT 29-NOV 03, 2005 CL Montreal, CANADA C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD OCT PY 2005 VL 128 IS 4 SU S BP 250S EP 250S PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 977JT UT WOS:000232800301018 ER PT J AU Sherner, JH Barnett, S Ahmad, S Burton, N Schmidt, M Nathan, S AF Sherner, JH Barnett, S Ahmad, S Burton, N Schmidt, M Nathan, S TI Voriconazole versus itraconazole for fungal prophylaxis after lung transplantation SO CHEST LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Chest 2005 Conference CY OCT 29-NOV 03, 2005 CL Montreal, CANADA C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD OCT PY 2005 VL 128 IS 4 SU S BP 342S EP 342S PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 977JT UT WOS:000232800301313 ER PT J AU Lucero, PF Perkins, P Morris, MJ AF Lucero, PF Perkins, P Morris, MJ TI Does protective mask (M40) increase reactive airway disease in military active duty with exercise induced bronchospasm SO CHEST LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Chest 2005 Conference CY OCT 29-NOV 03, 2005 CL Montreal, CANADA C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD OCT PY 2005 VL 128 IS 4 SU S BP 347S EP 347S PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 977JT UT WOS:000232800301327 ER PT J AU Powers, CR Ouellette, DR AF Powers, CR Ouellette, DR TI Measurement of brain natriuretic peptide levels in patients with respiratory failure due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease SO CHEST LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Chest 2005 Conference CY OCT 29-NOV 03, 2005 CL Montreal, CANADA C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD OCT PY 2005 VL 128 IS 4 SU S BP 370S EP 370S PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 977JT UT WOS:000232800301397 ER PT J AU Eliasson, AH AF Eliasson, AH TI Pneumatic compression devices for treatment of restless legs syndrome SO CHEST LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Chest 2005 Conference CY OCT 29-NOV 03, 2005 CL Montreal, CANADA C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD OCT PY 2005 VL 128 IS 4 SU S BP 383S EP 383S PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 977JT UT WOS:000232800302040 ER PT J AU Jackson, WL Guerrero, M Chung, KK Fisk, BA Shorr, AF AF Jackson, WL Guerrero, M Chung, KK Fisk, BA Shorr, AF TI Observed incidence of venous thromboembolism in soldiers from Operation Iraqi Freedom and Operation Enduring Freedom admitted to a stateside intensive care unit SO CHEST LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Chest 2005 Conference CY OCT 29-NOV 03, 2005 CL Montreal, CANADA C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD OCT PY 2005 VL 128 IS 4 SU S BP 405S EP 405S PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 977JT UT WOS:000232800302112 ER PT J AU Rippon, JL Horvath, LL Rivard, RG Conner, WC Morris, MJ AF Rippon, JL Horvath, LL Rivard, RG Conner, WC Morris, MJ TI Progressive cavitary destruction of the right lung SO CHEST LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Chest 2005 Conference CY OCT 29-NOV 03, 2005 CL Montreal, CANADA C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD OCT PY 2005 VL 128 IS 4 SU S BP 423S EP 423S PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 977JT UT WOS:000232800302145 ER PT J AU Lesho, EP George, S Wortmann, G AF Lesho, EP George, S Wortmann, G TI Fever in a returned traveler SO CLEVELAND CLINIC JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM MALARIA; VIVAX MALARIA; FOSMIDOMYCIN-CLINDAMYCIN; PRIMAQUINE; PROPHYLAXIS; EFFICACY; CHILDREN; TAFENOQUINE; RESISTANCE; DIAGNOSIS C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Lesho, EP (reprint author), 11120 Nicholas Dr, Silver Spring, MD 20902 USA. EM emillesho@yahoo.com NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CLEVELAND CLINIC PI CLEVELAND PA 9500 EUCLID AVE, CLEVELAND, OH 44106 USA SN 0891-1150 J9 CLEV CLIN J MED JI Clevel. Clin. J. Med. PD OCT PY 2005 VL 72 IS 10 BP 921 EP 927 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 974PZ UT WOS:000232605200010 PM 16231689 ER PT J AU Chase, CJ Ulrich, MP Wasieloski, LP Kondig, JP Garrison, J Lindler, LE Kulesh, DA AF Chase, CJ Ulrich, MP Wasieloski, LP Kondig, JP Garrison, J Lindler, LE Kulesh, DA TI Real-time PCR assays targeting a unique chromosomal sequence of Yersinia pestis SO CLINICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; MINOR-GROOVE BINDER; GENOME SEQUENCE; LABELED OLIGONUCLEOTIDES; ARRAY IMMUNOSENSOR; PLAGUE; PSEUDOTUBERCULOSIS; HYBRIDIZATION; PROBES; MANAGEMENT AB Background: Yersinia pestis, the causative agent of the zoonotic infection plague, is a major concern as a potential bioweapon. Current real-time PCR assays used for Y. pestis detection are based on plasmid targets, some of which may generate false-positive results. Methods: Using the yp48 gene of Y. pestis, we designed and tested 2 real-time TaqMan (R) minor groove binder (MGB) assays that allowed us to use chromosomal genes as both confirmatory and differential targets for Y. pestis. We also designed several additional assays using both Simple-Probe (R) and MGB Eclipse (TM) probe technologies for the selective differentiation of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis from Y. pestis. These assays were designed around a 25-bp insertion site recently identified within the yp48 gene of Y. pseudotuberculosis. Results: The Y. pestis-specific assay distinguished this bacterium from other Yersinia species but had unacceptable low-level detection of Y. pseudotuberculosis, a closely related species. Simple-Probe and MGB Eclipse probes specific for the 25-bp insertion detected only Y. pseudotuberculosis DNA. Probes that spanned the deletion site detected both Y. pestis and Y. pseudotuberculosis DNA, and the 2 species were clearly differentiated by a post-PCR melting temperature (T-m) analysis. The Simple-Probe assay produced an almost 7 degrees CTm difference and the MGB Eclipse probe a slightly more than 4 degrees C difference. Conclusions: Our method clearly discriminates Y. pestis DNA from all other Yersinia species tested and from the closely related Y. pseudotuberculosis. These chromosomal assays are important both to verify the presence of Y. pestis based on a chromosomal target and to easily distinguish it from Y. pseudotuberculosis. (c) 2005 American Association for Clinical Chemistry. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Diagnost Syst Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Natl Biodefense Anal & Countermeasures Ctr, Dept Homeland Secur, Frederick, MD USA. RP Kulesh, DA (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Diagnost Syst Div, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM David.Kulesh@amedd.army.mil NR 29 TC 27 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER ASSOC CLINICAL CHEMISTRY PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 L STREET NW, SUITE 202, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-1526 USA SN 0009-9147 J9 CLIN CHEM JI Clin. Chem. PD OCT PY 2005 VL 51 IS 10 BP 1778 EP 1785 DI 10.1373/clinchem.2005.051839 PG 8 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 968YE UT WOS:000232198600007 PM 16099940 ER PT J AU LeRoith, D Smith, DO AF LeRoith, D Smith, DO TI Monitoring glycemic control: The cornerstone of diabetes care SO CLINICAL THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Review DE diabetes mellitus; blood glucose self-monitoring; glycosylated hemoglobin; glycemic control; hypoglycemia; monitoring devices ID HEALTH MAINTENANCE ORGANIZATION; BLOOD-GLUCOSE; MICROVASCULAR COMPLICATIONS; HBA(1C) DETERMINATION; PLASMA-GLUCOSE; INSULIN; MELLITUS; HYPERGLYCEMIA; MANAGEMENT; TRIAL AB Background: Diabetes mellitus is associated with significant morbidity and mortality and escalating costs, and its prevalence is increasing to epidemic proportions. Studies have consistently documented the importance of glycemic control in delaying the onset and decreasing the incidence of both the short- and long-term complications of diabetes. Although glycemic control is difficult to achieve and challenging to maintain, its impact on disease outcomes is well worth the effort. Objective: This article reviews the importance of monitoring and tightly controlling blood glucose concentrations in patients with diabetes and the methods and tools available for achieving these goals. Methods: This clinical review was developed using a MEDLINE search of the literature from 1990 to 2005 using the terms diabetes, glucose control, glucose monitoring, A(1c), and hypoglycemia. Results: The complications of diabetes can be prevented or sharply curtailed through tight glycemic control, which requires frequent monitoring of blood glucose levels, careful attention to diet and exercise, and the use of medications. The progressive nature of diabetes imposes the need for frequent and regular monitoring, leading to data-driven adjustments to therapy to maintain optimal glucose levels. Failure to achieve glycemic control is often the result of a failure to educate the patient about how to monitor blood glucose levels and the importance of accuracy in doing so. Conclusions: Tight glycemic control requires an educated and motivated patient, an appropriate treatment regimen, vigilant monitoring, and a close partnership between the patient and a multidisciplinary team of health care professionals to ensure accurate monitoring and appropriate actions. The growing array of monitoring devices contributes to this effort by providing increased convenience and accuracy. C1 Georgetown Univ, Sch Med, Div Endocrinol & Metab, Washington, DC USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Inst Diabet, Serv Endocrinol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP LeRoith, D (reprint author), Mt Sinai Sch Med, Div Endocrinol & Diabet, Dept Med, 1 Gustave L Levy Pl,Box 1055,Annenberg Bldg,Room, New York, NY 10029 USA. EM leroith@comcast.net NR 42 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 650 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0149-2918 J9 CLIN THER JI Clin. Ther. PD OCT PY 2005 VL 27 IS 10 BP 1489 EP 1499 DI 10.1016/j.clinthera.2005.10.010 PG 11 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 983WL UT WOS:000233262900001 PM 16330287 ER PT J AU Li, MH Cheng, HP Yeh, GT AF Li, MH Cheng, HP Yeh, GT TI An adaptive multigrid approach for the simulation of contaminant transport in the 3D subsurface SO COMPUTERS & GEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article DE adaptive local grid refinement; multigrid method; finite element method; contaminant transport; subsurface ID LAGRANGIAN-EULERIAN METHOD; MESH REFINEMENT; EQUATIONS; DIFFUSION; ALGORITHM AB This paper presents an adaptive multigrid approach, combining adaptive local grid refinement and multigrid methods, in conjunction with the Lagrangian-Eulerian finite element method to simulate contaminant transport in the 3D subsurface. Adaptive local grid refinement can improve solution accuracy without sacrificing computational efficiency because computer efforts are focused on the rough regions (i.e., requiring high spatial resolution) of the problem domain. To implement adaptive grids, a backward/forward particle tracking technique is applied in the Lagrangian step, and the interpolation errors of the Lagrangian concentrations are compared with prescribed error tolerances to determine rough regions. A modular setting of the grid generation is then used to generate locally zooming grids and to prepare information for applying multigrid methods. The Lagrangian concentrations of the newly generated nodes at the finest grid level are also evaluated by performing a backward tracking. Multigrid strategies which can effectively eliminate the smooth component error through coarse grid correction are finally applied in the Eulerian step to solve the matrix equations for further saving of computer time. Example problems are used to demonstrate the success of this integrated approach. (C) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Natl Cent Univ, Inst Hydrol Sci, Chungli 320, Taiwan. USA, Corps Engineers, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Univ Cent Florida, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. RP Li, MH (reprint author), Natl Cent Univ, Inst Hydrol Sci, 300 Jungda Rd, Chungli 320, Taiwan. EM mli@cc.ncu.edu.tw; Hwai-Ping.Cheng@erdc.usace.army.mil; gyeh@mail.ucf.edu NR 33 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0098-3004 J9 COMPUT GEOSCI-UK JI Comput. Geosci. PD OCT PY 2005 VL 31 IS 8 BP 1028 EP 1041 DI 10.1016/j.cageo.2005.03.010 PG 14 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Computer Science; Geology GA 964XL UT WOS:000231914200009 ER PT J AU Donnelly, SJ Bower, KS Stutzman, RD Burka, JM AF Donnelly, SJ Bower, KS Stutzman, RD Burka, JM TI Corneal iron line following LASIK with epithelial ingrowth SO CORNEA LA English DT Article DE corneal iron lines; LASIK; refractive surgery; epithelial ingrowth; complications ID IN-SITU KERATOMILEUSIS; PHOTOREFRACTIVE KERATECTOMY; SUPERFICIAL CORNEA; RING; DEPOSITION; FLAP AB Purpose: To report a new corneal iron line following keratorefractive surgery. Methods: Case report and review of the literature. A 51-year-old man developed epithelial ingrowth after otherwise uneventful LASIK surgery. The patient, satisfied with an uncorrected visual acuity of 20/25 and otherwise asymptornatic, declined to have his flap relifted to treat the ingrowth. Results: Six months postoperatively a corneal iron line was noted at the leading edge of the epithelial ingrowth. Vision remained stable. Conclusions: Epithelial iron lines have been reported with a number of conditions, including post-refractive procedures. This is the first report of an iron line associated with epithelial ingrowth following LASIK. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Ctr Refract Surg, Dept Surg, Ophthalmol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Bower, KS (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Ctr Refract Surg, Dept Surg, Ophthalmol Serv, Room 2F-05,6900 Georgia Ave,NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM Kraig.bower@na.amedd.army.mil NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3261 USA SN 0277-3740 J9 CORNEA JI Cornea PD OCT PY 2005 VL 24 IS 7 BP 870 EP 873 DI 10.1097/01.ico.0000154382.20861.eb PG 4 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 968FV UT WOS:000232148200021 PM 16160508 ER PT J AU Kauvar, DS Wade, CE AF Kauvar, DS Wade, CE TI The epidemiology and modern management of traumatic hemorrhage: US and international perspectives SO CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Review ID MULTIPLE ORGAN FAILURE; CONSERVATIVE TREATMENT; FLUID RESUSCITATION; HYPOTHERMIC COAGULOPATHY; BLOOD-TRANSFUSION; PLATELET-FUNCTION; PATIENT; SHOCK; CARE; INJURY AB Trauma is a worldwide problem, with severe and wide ranging consequences for individuals and society as a whole. Hemorrhage is a major contributor to the dilemma of traumatic injury and its care. In this article we describe the international epidemiology of traumatic injury, its causes and its consequences, and closely examine the role played by hemorrhage in producing traumatic morbidity and mortality. Emphasis is placed on defining situations in which traditional methods of hemorrhage control often fail. We then outline and discuss modern principles in the management of traumatic hemorrhage and explore developing changes in these areas. We conclude with a discussion of outcome measures for the injured patient within the context of the epidemiology of traumatic injury. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM david.kauvar@amedd.army.mil NR 74 TC 83 Z9 83 U1 1 U2 7 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1466-609X EI 1364-8535 J9 CRIT CARE JI Crit. Care PD OCT PY 2005 VL 9 SU 5 BP 1 EP 9 DI 10.1186/cc3779 PG 9 WC Critical Care Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine GA 024SF UT WOS:000236215700001 ER PT J AU Pusateri, AE Park, MS AF Pusateri, AE Park, MS TI Mechanistic implications for the use and monitoring of recombinant activated factor VII in trauma SO CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Review ID TISSUE FACTOR PATHWAY; V LIVER-INJURIES; DOSE FACTOR VIIA; DISSEMINATED INTRAVASCULAR COAGULATION; GENERAL HEMOSTATIC AGENT; HIGH-TITER INHIBITORS; CELL-BASED MODEL; BLOOD-COAGULATION; HEMOPHILIA-A; FACTOR VLLA AB As interest in the use of activated recombinant factor VII ( rFVIIa) in trauma grows, questions arise regarding how best to monitor rFVIIa therapy and when rFVIIa may be expected to improve hemostasis. Knowledge of the mechanisms of action may be combined with available data on laboratory monitoring and efficacy in various coagulopathic states in coming to clinically relevant conclusions. This review addresses the physiology of hemostasis, placing emphasis on how rFVIIa influences the process by both tissue factor dependent and tissue factor independent mechanisms. This is extended to a mechanistic consideration of how rFVIIa may function under acidotic, hypothermic, and hemodilutional and/or consumptive conditions of trauma related coagulopathy. When these considerations are viewed alongside the available clinical data, it becomes apparent that rFVIIa has potential to improve hemostasis during trauma coagulopathy, within limitations. Common laboratory procedures are discussed with reference to mechanisms of action of rFVIIa and the available clinical data. Although there is no single assay that can predict rFVIIa efficacy in trauma, the prothrombin time ( PT) is recommended as a minimum. Although a shortened PT does not predict success, correction of PT into the normal range may be a better indicator. A nonresponding PT appears to indicate that rFVIIa alone will not lead to hemostasis, and that additional blood products and other measures must be applied. Once the patient is more stable, PT and thromboelastography are recommended. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Pusateri, AE (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM Anthony.pusateri@amedd.army.mil NR 96 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 2 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA MIDDLESEX HOUSE, 34-42 CLEVELAND ST, LONDON W1T 4LB, ENGLAND SN 1466-609X J9 CRIT CARE JI Crit. Care PD OCT PY 2005 VL 9 SU 5 BP 15 EP 24 DI 10.1186/cc3781 PG 10 WC Critical Care Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine GA 024SF UT WOS:000236215700003 ER PT J AU Grounds, RM Bolan, C AF Grounds, RM Bolan, C TI Clinical experiences and current evidence for therapeutic recombinant factor VIIa treatment in nontrauma settings SO CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Review ID ACTIVATED FACTOR-VII; THREATENING POSTPARTUM HEMORRHAGE; ORTHOTOPIC LIVER-TRANSPLANTATION; ACUTE INTRACEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE; DOUBLE-BLIND; BLEEDING DISORDERS; PROTHROMBIN TIME; TRANSFUSION MEDICINE; RAPID CORRECTION; COAGULATION AB The hemostatic properties of recombinant activated factor VII ( rFVIIa) are established in patients with inherited or acquired hemophilia with inhibitors and in patients with congenital factor VII deficiencies. Emerging clinical evidence suggests that there may be a wider role for rFVIIa in the management of hemorrhage associated with traumatic injury/accident and severe bleeding associated with critical surgery. This article considers recent data from studies in which rFVIIa was used in an attempt to control bleeding in clinical situations as diverse as coagulopathy associated with chronic liver disease, massive perioperative bleeding and bleeding during prostatectomy, organ transplantation and orthopedic surgery, uncontrollable obstetric hemorrhage, and intracerebral hemorrhage. In nontrauma settings involving acute and potentially life threatening bleeding, there may be a place for rFVIIa as adjunctive therapy in the control of hemostasis. C1 Univ London St Georges Hosp, Adult Intens Care Unit, London, England. USA, Med Corps, Bethesda, MD USA. NIH, Blood Serv Sect, Dept Transfus Med, Ctr Clin, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Grounds, RM (reprint author), Univ London St Georges Hosp, Adult Intens Care Unit, London, England. EM m.grounds@blueyonder.co.uk NR 52 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA MIDDLESEX HOUSE, 34-42 CLEVELAND ST, LONDON W1T 4LB, ENGLAND SN 1466-609X J9 CRIT CARE JI Crit. Care PD OCT PY 2005 VL 9 SU 5 BP S29 EP S36 DI 10.1186/cc3783 PG 8 WC Critical Care Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine GA 024SF UT WOS:000236215700005 PM 16221317 ER PT J AU Mohr, AM Holcomb, JB Dutton, RP Duranteau, J AF Mohr, AM Holcomb, JB Dutton, RP Duranteau, J TI Recombinant activated factor VIIa and hemostasis in critical care: a focus on trauma SO CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Review ID V LIVER-INJURIES; HEMORRHAGE CONTROL; BLOOD-TRANSFUSION; COAGULOPATHY; SURGERY; RFVIIA; EPIDEMIOLOGY; PATIENT; SAFETY AB In this article we describe the current use of recombinant activated factor VII ( rFVIIa; NovoSeven(R)) in trauma patients. Emphasis is placed on current uses as defined by key studies, efficacy data, and safety data. Most published studies in trauma patients are retrospective case studies and reports, although an international, double-blind, randomized, controlled, phase II study has been conducted that reported on the efficacy of rFVIIa in reducing the amount of blood products transfused in blunt trauma patients. That study demonstrated the efficacy and safety profile of this hemostatic agent as compared with placebo as adjunctive therapy in the management of severe bleeding associated with trauma. Further prospective, randomized, and placebo-controlled clinical trials will yield more information on the role of rFVIIa in the management of traumatic bleeding. C1 Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, New Jersey Med Sch, Dept Surg, Newark, NJ 07103 USA. USA, Trauma Div, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Hop Bicetre, Dept Anesthesie Reanimat, Le Kremlin Bicetre, France. RP Mohr, AM (reprint author), Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, New Jersey Med Sch, Dept Surg, Newark, NJ 07103 USA. EM mohr@umdnj.edu RI Mohr, Alicia/E-3016-2015 NR 36 TC 26 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA MIDDLESEX HOUSE, 34-42 CLEVELAND ST, LONDON W1T 4LB, ENGLAND SN 1466-609X J9 CRIT CARE JI Crit. Care PD OCT PY 2005 VL 9 SU 5 BP S37 EP S42 DI 10.1186/cc3784 PG 6 WC Critical Care Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine GA 024SF UT WOS:000236215700006 PM 16221318 ER PT J AU Schreiber, MA Holcomb, JB Rojkjaer, R AF Schreiber, MA Holcomb, JB Rojkjaer, R TI Preclinical trauma studies of recombinant factor VIIa SO CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Review ID V LIVER-INJURIES; HEMOPHILIA-A; HEMORRHAGE; MODEL; PRESSURE; RABBITS; RFVIIA; SWINE; TIME; PIGS AB Preclinical studies in animals and ex vivo human blood have provided a solid rationale for conducting prospective randomized trials in trauma patients. Small animal models have been utilized to study the efficacy of recombinant activated factor VII ( rFVIIa; NovoSeven(R)) in treating thrombocytopenic rabbits and for the reversal of anticoagulation. Safety models in the rabbit also exist to test for systemic activation of clotting and pathologic thrombosis. Animal models simulating traumatic injuries in humans have primarily been performed in pigs because of species similarities in terms of coagulation characteristics and the larger internal organs. The pig studies, utilizing human rFVIIa, have shown increased strength of clot formation, decreased bleeding, and improved survival. However, these findings are not uniform and are dependant on the model chosen. All of the animal models described have provided good safety data and suggest that the use of rFVIIa is not associated with systemic activation of coagulation or microthrombosis of end organs. C1 Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Trauma Crit Care Sect, Portland, OR 97201 USA. USA, Trauma Div, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Novo Nordisk Pharmaceut Inc, Hemostasis Discovery, Princeton, NJ USA. RP Schreiber, MA (reprint author), Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Trauma Crit Care Sect, Portland, OR 97201 USA. EM schreibm@ohsu.edu NR 21 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA MIDDLESEX HOUSE, 34-42 CLEVELAND ST, LONDON W1T 4LB, ENGLAND SN 1466-609X J9 CRIT CARE JI Crit. Care PD OCT PY 2005 VL 9 SU 5 BP S25 EP S28 DI 10.1186/cc3782 PG 4 WC Critical Care Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine GA 024SF UT WOS:000236215700004 PM 16221316 ER PT J AU McManus, J Huebner, K AF McManus, J Huebner, K TI Vesicants SO CRITICAL CARE CLINICS LA English DT Article ID RESPIRATORY-DISTRESS-SYNDROME; CHEMICAL WARFARE AGENTS; SULFUR MUSTARD; MEDICAL DEFENSE; SKIN-LESIONS; GAS; VENTILATION; EXPOSURE; MORTALITY; INJURY AB Vesicants (or blister agents) are cytotoxic alkylating compounds, which are chemical agents sometimes collectively known as mustard gas or simply as mustard. Other blister agents are nitrogen mustard; sulfur mustard; lewisite, a vesicant that contains arsenic; and phosgene oxime, a halogenated oxime that possesses different properties and toxicity from the other agents. This article discusses history, toxicity, clinical presentation, and common treatment for vesicants. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP McManus, J (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM john.mcmanus@amedd.army.mil NR 29 TC 16 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 6 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0749-0704 J9 CRIT CARE CLIN JI Crit. Care Clin. PD OCT PY 2005 VL 21 IS 4 BP 707 EP + DI 10.1016/j.ccc.2005.06.005 PG 13 WC Critical Care Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine GA 971IY UT WOS:000232378600005 PM 16168310 ER PT J AU Shorr, AF Jackson, WL AF Shorr, AF Jackson, WL TI Transfusion practice and nosocomial infection: assessing the evidence SO CURRENT OPINION IN CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Review DE bacteremia; blood; infection; nosocomial; pneumonia; red cells; transfusion ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; BLOOD-STREAM INFECTIONS; CRITICALLY-ILL; CELL TRANSFUSION; TRAUMA PATIENTS; UNITED-STATES; CRITICAL-CARE; SURGERY; PNEUMONIA; ANEMIA AB Purpose of review To evaluate recent literature describing the potential relation between transfusion practice in the intensive care unit and the subsequent risk for nosocomial infection. Recent findings Multiple studies aye documented that patients in the intensive care unit often receive transfusions of packed red blood cells while in the intensive care unit. Although the safety of the blood supply has increased substantially over the last decade, nosocomial infection is emerging as an unappreciated potential consequence of transfusion. Research now suggests that transfusion alters the host's immune system. Clinically; this may lead to relative immunosuppression and result in nosocomial infection. Supporting this hypothesis, an association between infection and transfusion has been shown in various settings and for several different types of infections. In both postoperative and medical intensive care unit subjects, administration of packed red blood cell consistently raises the risk for infection. Similarly, transfusion rates correlate with two major nosocomial complications in the intensive care unit: pneumonia and bloodstream infection. Proof of causation remains elusive because of study design issues. Nonetheless, the weight of the evidence favors adding nosocomial infection to the list of potential risks related to packed red blood cell transfusion. Summary Packed red blood cell transfusion may substantially increase the risk for nosocomial infection. The likely link between transfusion practice and nosocomial infection should factor into the provider's decision when determining when to transfuse. C1 Washington Hosp Ctr, Dept Med, Pulm & Crit Care Med Sect, Washington, DC 20010 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Crit Care Med Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Shorr, AF (reprint author), Washington Hosp Ctr, Dept Med, Pulm & Crit Care Med Sect, 110 Irving St NW, Washington, DC 20010 USA. EM afshorr@dnamail.com NR 25 TC 25 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3261 USA SN 1070-5295 J9 CURR OPIN CRIT CARE JI Curr. Opin. Crit. Care PD OCT PY 2005 VL 11 IS 5 BP 468 EP 472 DI 10.1097/01.ccx.0000176689.18433.f4 PG 5 WC Critical Care Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine GA 971EJ UT WOS:000232364000011 PM 16175034 ER PT J AU Zapor, MJ Moran, KA AF Zapor, MJ Moran, KA TI Infectious diseases during wartime SO CURRENT OPINION IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Review DE Acinetobacter; diarrhea; eosinophilic pneumonia; infection; leishmaniasis; malaria; war ID ACUTE EOSINOPHILIC PNEUMONIA; CUTANEOUS LEISHMANIASIS; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; US MILITARY; EPIDEMIOLOGY; EFFICACY; DIARRHEA; REFUGEE; MALARIA AB Purpose of review The infectious disease challenges of war include pathogens endemic to the geographic area of operations as well as wound infections with common environmental microorganisms. This review papers, unpublished data and personal communications from 2004-2005 pertaining to infectious diseases during war with a focus on the current 'operations in Iraq and Afghanistan. Recent findings To date, there have been several-hundred cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis and five cases of visceral leishmaniasis among,US military personnel serving in southwest Asia.. There have been reports of malaria in soldiers serving-in Afghanistan and an outbreak of acute eosinophilic pneumonia among soldiers serving in or-near Iraq. Diarrheal illness it a well-known threat to, military operations and remain's problematic for combatants throughout the theater of operations. Infectious complications. caused, by multiply drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii have been particularly challenging for healthcare providers managing the wounded evacuated from Iraq. We are now facing outbreaks of nosocomial, infection with this pathogen in military treatment facilities in Europe and the USA. Summary Historically, infectious diseases have had significant impact on the conduct of military operations,. and the conflict in southwest Asia is no exception. Physicians caring for returning military personnel should-be aware of the diseases particularly cutaneous prevalent in this campaign leishmaniasis and infections with multiply drug-resistant A. baumannii. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Moran, KA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM kimberly.moran@NA.amedd.army.mil NR 20 TC 45 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 11 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3261 USA SN 0951-7375 J9 CURR OPIN INFECT DIS JI Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis. PD OCT PY 2005 VL 18 IS 5 BP 395 EP 399 DI 10.1097/01.qco.0000182102.50430.2c PG 5 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 974PM UT WOS:000232603900004 PM 16148525 ER PT J AU Ricketts, TA Henry, PP Hornsby, BWY AF Ricketts, TA Henry, PP Hornsby, BWY TI Application of frequency importance functions to directivity for prediction of benefit in uniform fields SO EAR AND HEARING LA English DT Article ID HEARING-IMPAIRED LISTENERS; SPEECH-RECOGNITION PERFORMANCE; ARTICULATION INDEX; DIRECTIONAL MICROPHONE; CONSONANT RECOGNITION; MASKED THRESHOLDS; AID BENEFIT; NOISE; AUDIBILITY; DISCRIMINATION AB Objective. The purpose of the current investigation was to systematically examine two of the assumptions central to the application of Articulation Index weighted Directivity Index (AI-DI) to the prediction of directional benefit across three groups of listeners differentiated by degree and configuration of hearing loss. Specifically, the assumption that (1) changes in speech recognition performance are predictable from frequency specific changes in calculated audibility after applying directivity index (DI) values and (2) applying appropriate frequency importance functions would increase the accuracy of AI-DI predictions of directional benefit were evaluated. Design: The output of a single hearing aid for a speech in noise input was recorded to produce high and low directivity (directional and omnidirectional microphone modes) segments. These segments were then high-pass and low-pass filtered into low- and high-frequency regions and acoustically mixed to generate the eight frequency-specific directivity combinations. All recordings were made through an acoustic manikin placed in a single room, surrounded by five uncorrelated noise sources. The aided sentence recognition, in noise, for three groups of 12 adult participants with symmetrical sensorineural hearing impairment, was then measured across the eight listening conditions. The three groups were differentiated by degree and type of hearing loss including "sloping," "flat," and "severe" configurations. The frequency-specific DI values for each of the eight listening conditions were applied to the calculation of frequency specific noise levels. These corrected noise levels were then used to calculate an Articulation Index using the Speech Intelligibility Index (SII, ANSI S3.5, 1997). These SII values were then compared with measured speech recognition under the same eight listening conditions. Directional benefit values were then calculated by subtracting the performance of individual participants on the Connected Speech Test (CST) in omni-directional mode from performance in all other filter conditions. The changes in average DI and AI-DI (using three different frequency importance functions) that existed between omnidirectional and the other seven filter conditions were then calculated for comparison to directional benefit values. Results: The speech recognition data revealed a complex interaction between filter condition and group. Despite this interaction, highly significant positive correlations were found between participants' speech recognition scores and the corresponding SII calculation for all three hearing loss groups. Individual subjects' measured directional benefit was highly correlated with changes in DI. Similar correlations were found for average DI and all three AI-DI weighting methods. Conclusions: As expected, performance and calculated SII values were in good agreement across conditions supporting the hypothesis that DI provides a reasonable frequency-specific estimate of signal-to-noise ratio changes in the test environment. The results further support the use of AI-DI or average DI for prediction of directional benefit. The choice of importance weighting across frequency (flat or frequency importance function based), however, did not improve the accuracy of these predictions; therefore, a simple average DI is advocated. Further, the prediction of absolute directional benefit across hearing loss groups from traditional AI-DI calculations may lead to error if the negative effects of hearing loss on speech understanding, and how these effects vary with degree of hearing loss, are not considered as a contributing factor. C1 Vanderbilt Bill Wilkerson Ctr, Dan Maddox Hearing Aid Res Lab, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. Army Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Ricketts, TA (reprint author), Vanderbilt Bill Wilkerson Ctr, Dan Maddox Hearing Aid Res Lab, 1215 21th Ave S,Room 8310,Med Ctr E,South Tower, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. EM todd.a.ricketts@vanderbilt.edu NR 63 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3261 USA SN 0196-0202 J9 EAR HEARING JI Ear Hear. PD OCT PY 2005 VL 26 IS 5 BP 473 EP 486 DI 10.1097/01.aud.0000179691.21547.01 PG 14 WC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Otorhinolaryngology SC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Otorhinolaryngology GA 977SU UT WOS:000232824300005 PM 16230897 ER PT J AU Yu, VY Kohl, JG Crapanzano, RA Davies, MW Elam, AG Veach, MK AF Yu, VY Kohl, JG Crapanzano, RA Davies, MW Elam, AG Veach, MK TI Failure analysis of the M16 rifle bolt SO ENGINEERING FAILURE ANALYSIS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Conference on Engineering Failure Analysis (ICEFA-1) CY JUL 12-14, 2004 CL Lisbon, PORTUGAL SP Elsevier & Engn Failure Analysis DE failure analysis; abrasive wear; corrosion; geometric element analysis AB Recently, there have been several occurrences of failure in the bolt of the M16 rifle at a United States Army installation. Near the failure location, the bolt was subjected to repeated loading as the M16 was fired. In order to determine the stress distribution of the bolt due to the firing process, a geometric element analysis was performed using ProMechanica. The fracture surface was examined using both an optical stereomicroscope and a scanning electron microscope in order to determine failure initiation and failure mode. It was discovered that the fracture initiated at a localized corrosion pit and propagated by fatigue. A controlled experiment was conducted where 1800 and 3600 rounds were fired using new bolts. After 1800 rounds, a region of wear was observed near the site where fracture occurred in the failed bolt. After 3600 rounds, a notch was observed in this wear region. This suggests two possibilities: firstly, exposure of the base metal may have facilitated the formation of the observed corrosion pits; and secondly, the presence of a notch may facilitate the fracture of bolts in general. In addition, Vickers microhardness profiles were taken on cross-sectional areas near the fillet region and 10 mm away from the failed locking lug. Disparities between microhardness profiles near the fillet region and 10 mm away from this region revealed that the bolt may not have been uniformly case hardened. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Civil Engn & Mech, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Yu, VY (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Civil Engn & Mech, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM Victor.Yu@usma.edu RI Kohl, James /E-5365-2011 NR 3 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1350-6307 J9 ENG FAIL ANAL JI Eng. Fail. Anal. PD OCT PY 2005 VL 12 IS 5 BP 746 EP 754 DI 10.1016/j.engfaileng.2005.01.004 PG 9 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 950SP UT WOS:000230878000009 ER PT J AU Kuperman, RG Checkai, RT Simini, M Phillips, CT Kolakowski, JE Kurnas, CW AF Kuperman, RG Checkai, RT Simini, M Phillips, CT Kolakowski, JE Kurnas, CW TI Weathering and aging of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene in soil increases toxicity to potworm Enchytraeus crypticus SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE explosives; 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene toxicity; weathering/aging; soil; enchytraeid worm ID EARTHWORM EISENIA-ANDREI; HETEROCYCLIC EXPLOSIVES RDX; REPRODUCTION TEST; OCTAHYDRO-1,3,5,7-TETRANITRO-1,3,5,7-TETRAZOCINE HMX; CONTAMINATED SOIL; PSEUDOMONAS SP; FIRING-RANGE; FOREST SOIL; TNT; METABOLITES AB Energetic materials are employed in a wide range of commercial and military activities and often are released into the environment. Scientifically based ecological soil-screening levels (Eco-SSLs) are needed to identify contaminant explosive levels in soil that present an acceptable ecological risk. Insufficient information for 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) to generate Eco-SSLs for soil invertebrates necessitated toxicity testing. We adapted the standardized Enchytraeid Reproduction Test and selected Enchytraeus crypticus for these studies. Tests were conducted in Sassafras sandy loam soil, which supports relatively high bioavailability of TNT Weathering and aging procedures for TNT amended to test soil were incorporated into the study design to produce toxicity data that better reflect the soil exposure conditions in the field compared with toxicity in freshly amended soils. This included exposing hydrated TNT-amended soils in open glass containers in the greenhouse to alternating wetting and drying cycles. Definitive tests showed that toxicity for E. crypticus adult survival and juvenile production was increased significantly in weathered and aged soil treatments compared with toxicity in freshly amended soil based on 95% confidence intervals. The median effect concentration and 20% effective concentration for reproduction were 98 and 77 mg/kg, respectively, for TNT freshly amended into soil and 48 and 37 mg/kg, respectively, for weathered and aged TNT soil treatments. These findings of increased toxicity to E. crypticus in weathered and aged TNT soil treatments compared with exposures in freshly amended soils show that future investigations should include a weathering and aging component to generate toxicity data that provide more complete information on ecotoxicological effects of energetic contaminants in soil. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Kuperman, RG (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, 5183 Blackhawk Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM roman.kuperman@us.army.mil RI Kuperman, Roman/D-4297-2009 NR 53 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD OCT PY 2005 VL 24 IS 10 BP 2509 EP 2518 DI 10.1897/04-513R.1 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 969VU UT WOS:000232264400013 PM 16268152 ER PT J AU Dodard, SG Sunahara, GI Kuperman, RG Sarrazin, M Gong, P Ampleman, G Thiboutot, S Hawari, J AF Dodard, SG Sunahara, GI Kuperman, RG Sarrazin, M Gong, P Ampleman, G Thiboutot, S Hawari, J TI Survival and reproduction of enchytraeid worms, oligochaeta, in different soil types amended with energetic cyclic nitramines SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane; 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazacyclohexane; octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine; enchytraeid worms; natural soils ID HETEROCYCLIC EXPLOSIVES RDX; ANTITANK FIRING RANGE; EISENIA-ANDREI; CHRONIC TOXICITY; FOREST SOIL; CL-20; HMX; TNT; BIODEGRADATION; INSIGHTS AB Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20), a new polycyclic polynitramine, has the same functional nitramine groups (N-NO2) as the widely used energetic chemicals hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazacyclohexane(royal demolition explosive [RDX]) and octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (high-melting explosive [HMX]). Potential impacts of CL-20 as an emerging contaminant must be assessed before its use. The effects of CL-20, RDX, or HMX on adult Survival and juvenile production by potworms Enchytraeus albidus and Enchytraeus crypticus were studied in three soil types, including Sassafras sandy loam (1.2% organic matter [OM], 11% clay, pH 5.5), an agricultural soil (42% OM, 1% clay, pH 8.2), and a composite agricultural-forest soil (23% OM, 2% clay, pH 7.9) by using ISO method 16387 (International Standard Organization, Geneva, Switzerland). Results showed that CL-20 was toxic to E. crypticus with median lethal concentration values for adult survival ranging from 0.1 to 0.7 mg/kg dry mass (DM) when using the three tested soils. In addition, CL-20 adversely affected juvenile production by both species in all soils tested, with median effective concentration (EC50) values ranging from 0.08 to 0.62 mg/kg DM. Enchytraeus crypticus and E. albidus were similarly sensitive to CL-20 exposure in the composite agricultural-forest soil, which supported reproduction by both species and enabled comparisons. Correlation analysis showed weak or no relationship overall among the soil properties and reproduction toxicity endpoints. Neither RDX nor HMX affected (p > 0.05) adult survival of either species below 658 and 918 mg/kg DM, respectively, indicating that CL-20 is more toxic to enchytraeids than RDX or HMX. Examination of data shows that CL-20 should be considered as a potential reproductive toxicant to soil invertebrates, and that safeguards should be considered to minimize the potential for release of CL-20 into the environment. C1 Natl Res Council Canada, Biotechnol Res Inst, Montreal, PQ H4P 2R2, Canada. USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Def Res & Dev Canada, Val Belair, PQ G3J 1X5, Canada. RP Sunahara, GI (reprint author), Natl Res Council Canada, Biotechnol Res Inst, 6100 Royalmount Ave, Montreal, PQ H4P 2R2, Canada. EM geoffrey.sunahara@cnrc-nrc.gc.ca RI Kuperman, Roman/D-4297-2009 NR 40 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 14 PU SETAC PI PENSACOLA PA 1010 NORTH 12TH AVE, PENSACOLA, FL 32501-3367 USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD OCT PY 2005 VL 24 IS 10 BP 2579 EP 2587 DI 10.1897/054-188R.1 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 969VU UT WOS:000232264400021 PM 16268160 ER PT J AU Gonzalez-Acuna, D Venzal, JM Keirans, JE Robbins, RG Ippi, S Guglielmone, AA AF Gonzalez-Acuna, D Venzal, JM Keirans, JE Robbins, RG Ippi, S Guglielmone, AA TI New host and locality records for the Ixodes auritulus (Acari : Ixodidae) species group, with a review of host relationships and distribution in the Neotropical Zoogeographic Region SO EXPERIMENTAL AND APPLIED ACAROLOGY LA English DT Article DE distribution; hosts; Ixodes auritulus species group; Ixodidae; Neotropical region; ticks ID SOUTHERN BRAZIL; NEUMANN ACARI; BIRDS; PARASITISM AB New Neotropical records are presented for ticks belonging to the Ixodes auritulus Neumann, 1904, species group, together with a review of hosts and localities from which members of this complex have previously been collected. The range of the I. auritulus species group is now understood to include Colombia, and 15 bird species are listed as new hosts. From Guatemala to southern Argentina and Chile, specimens of the I. auritulus group have been found on birds belonging to the orders Ciconiiformes, Columbiformes, Falconiformes, Galliformes, Passeriformes, Piciformes, Procellariiformes and Tinamiformes. Passeriform birds are probably the principal hosts, sustaining tick populations throughout the Neotropics. Collection data have yielded four areas - southern South America ( from 56 degrees S to 51 degrees S), southern Brazil (25 degrees S - 22 degrees S), south- central Peru (14 degrees S - 10 degrees S) and Central America (10 degrees N - 15 degrees N) - where the I. auritulus group appears to commonly parasitize birds, but additional collections may show that the range of this complex is less discontinuous than currently perceived. Several morphological differences are described for ticks within and among these areas, but it is still unclear whether the I. auritulus group comprises more than one species. C1 Univ Concepcion, Fac Vet Med, Chillan, Chile. Univ Republica, Fac Vet, Montevideo 11600, Uruguay. Georgia So Coll, US Natl Tick Collect, Inst Arthropodol & Parasitol, Statesboro, GA 30460 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Armed Forces Pest Management Board, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Chile, Dept Ecol, Fac Ciencias, Santiago, Chile. Estac Expt Agropecuaria Rafaela, Inst Nacl Tecnol Agropecuaria, RA-2300 Rafaela, Santa Fe, Argentina. RP Gonzalez-Acuna, D (reprint author), Univ Concepcion, Fac Vet Med, Casilla 537, Chillan, Chile. EM danigonz@udec.cl NR 22 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-8162 J9 EXP APPL ACAROL JI Exp. Appl. Acarol. PD OCT PY 2005 VL 37 IS 1-2 BP 147 EP 156 DI 10.1007/s10493-005-8434-y PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 966XP UT WOS:000232056400013 PM 16180081 ER PT J AU Silverman, M Lopez, V Baker, J Irizarry, M Hulette, R Matute, J Rosado, J AF Silverman, M Lopez, V Baker, J Irizarry, M Hulette, R Matute, J Rosado, J TI Humanitarian mission to the Amazon-problems documented in the elderly people of the jungle SO GERONTOLOGIST LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US Army Reserve, 324th Combat Support Hosp, Perrine, FL USA. 369th CSH USAR, San Juan, PR USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU GERONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1275 K STREET NW SUITE 350, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4006 USA SN 0016-9013 J9 GERONTOLOGIST JI Gerontologist PD OCT PY 2005 VL 45 SI 2 BP 76 EP 77 PG 2 WC Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 988QF UT WOS:000233615000208 ER PT J AU Chaney, EK Sliney, DH AF Chaney, EK Sliney, DH TI Re-evaluation of the ultraviolet hazard action spectrum-the impact of spectral bandwidth SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE ultraviolet radiation; radiation; nonionizing; risk analysis; health effects ID MONOCHROMATOR BANDWIDTH; ERYTHEMA; CRITERIA; REGION AB The action spectra S(a) used for risk assessment of ultraviolet (UV) sources has been widely used since its development over three decades ago. This "UV hazard function" is cited in many safety standards, and UV survey instruments are designed to have a fitting spectral response. The UV hazard function was developed to preclude acute injury and minimize chronic effects but was based upon the best available experimental data of that time. With more experimental data and easier computer methods available today, the action spectrum can be re-examined. Therefore, the published experimental thresholds for damage to the cornea and skin were studied as a function of wavelength to revalidate this action spectrum. A key step relates to the proper consideration of the spectral bandwidth used to determine each threshold and the assignment of an effective wavelength for each narrow-band. We methodically analyzed the uncertainties introduced by employing 1-, 5-, and 10-nm spectral bandwidths by comparing published biological threshold data. The errors introduced by using broader bandwidths become enormous within the critical spectral region of 300-320 nm. By convoluting the threshold data and weighting them with trial, or reference, action spectra, it is possible to determine the wavelengths in each bandwidth that are contributing most of the effective dose and correct the experimental action spectrum. It is concluded that the current hazard function S(lambda) remains valid. C1 USA, Ctr Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Sliney, DH (reprint author), USA, Ctr Promot & Prevent Med, 5158 Blackhawk Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM David.Sliney@apg.amedd.army.mil NR 24 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD OCT PY 2005 VL 89 IS 4 BP 322 EP 332 DI 10.1097/01.HP.0000164650.96261.9d PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 966SG UT WOS:000232040900004 PM 16155453 ER PT J AU Sjogren, M Sjogren, R Lyons, MF Ryan, M Santoro, J Smith, C Reddy, KR Bonkovsky, H Huntley, BM Ibarra, L Faris-Young, S AF Sjogren, M Sjogren, R Lyons, MF Ryan, M Santoro, J Smith, C Reddy, KR Bonkovsky, H Huntley, BM Ibarra, L Faris-Young, S TI Sustained virologic response rates from a randomized trial of HCV genotype-1 subjects treated with either consensus IFN and ribavirin or pegylated interferon alfa-2b and ribavirin SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-the-Study-of-Liver-Diseases CY NOV 11-15, 2005 CL San Francisco, CA SP Amer Assoc Study Liver Dis C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Kaiser Permanente Mid Atlantic States, Falls Church, VA USA. Tacoma Digest Dis Ctr, Tacoma, WA USA. Digest & Liver Dis Specialists, Norfolk, VA USA. Minnesota Gastroenterol, St Paul, MN USA. Univ Penn, GI Res, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Connecticut, Ctr Hlth, Farmington, CT USA. InterMune Inc, Brisbane, CA USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD OCT PY 2005 VL 42 IS 4 SU 1 BP 529A EP 530A PG 2 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 972VC UT WOS:000232480301392 ER PT J AU Dertzbaugh, MT Rossi, CA Paddle, BM Hale, M Poretski, M Alderton, MR AF Dertzbaugh, MT Rossi, CA Paddle, BM Hale, M Poretski, M Alderton, MR TI Monoclonal antibodies to ricin: In vitro inhibition of toxicity and utility as diagnostic reagents SO HYBRIDOMA LA English DT Article ID LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; PROTECTION; MICE; IDENTIFICATION; ABSORPTION; SURVIVAL AB Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against ricin toxin (RT) and its subunits were produced in mice. The MAbs were initially selected based upon the ability to either bind ricin or the individual subunits in a solid-phase enzyme-linked inummosorbent assay (ELISA). Several candidates were selected for further evaluation, including their ability to inhibit ricin intoxication in vitro and their utility as inummodiagnostic reagents. Although their ability to capture antigen when bound to the solid phase was poor, some MAbs demonstrated potential utility as detection reagents in solid-phase immunoassays. Several MAbs were also able to inhibit ricin-mediated eukaryotic cell cytotoxicity in vitro. These MAbs may prove useful for preventing and/or treating ricin intoxication. C1 USA, Toxinol & Aerobiol Div, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Business Plans & Programs Off, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Diagnost Syst Div, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Def Sci & Technol Org, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. RP Dertzbaugh, MT (reprint author), USA, Toxinol & Aerobiol Div, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Business Plans & Programs Off, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM mark.dertzbaugh@us.army.mil NR 25 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1554-0014 J9 HYBRIDOMA JI Hybridoma PD OCT PY 2005 VL 24 IS 5 BP 236 EP 243 DI 10.1089/hyb.2005.24.236 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology GA 977EK UT WOS:000232785000003 PM 16225423 ER PT J AU Dertzbaugh, M AF Dertzbaugh, M TI MAb anti-ricin SO HYBRIDOMA LA English DT Article C1 USA, Business Plans & Programs Off, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Dertzbaugh, M (reprint author), USA, Business Plans & Programs Off, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM m.dertzbaugh@us.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1554-0014 J9 HYBRIDOMA JI Hybridoma PD OCT PY 2005 VL 24 IS 5 BP 273 EP 274 PG 2 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology GA 977EK UT WOS:000232785000013 ER PT J AU Mitasova, H Mitas, L Harmon, RS AF Mitasova, H Mitas, L Harmon, RS TI Simultaneous spline approximation and topographic analysis for lidar elevation data in open-source GIS SO IEEE GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LETTERS LA English DT Article DE change detection; lidar; open-source geographic information system (GIS); spline; topographic analysis ID REGULARIZED SPLINE; NORTH-CAROLINA; INTERPOLATION; TENSION AB Application of a spline approximation method to computation and analysis of lidar-based digital elevation models is investigated to determine its accuracy and capability to create surfaces at different levels of detail. Quadtree segmentation that adapts to the spatial heterogeneity of data points makes the method feasible for large datasets. The results demonstrate the importance of smoothing for the surface accuracy and noise reduction. A tension parameter is effective for tuning the level of detail in the elevation surface. Simultaneous computation of topographic parameters is applied to extraction of sand dunes' features for assessment of dune migration and beach erosion. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. USA, Res Off, Army Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Mitasova, H (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM hmitaso@unity.ncsu.edu; lmitas@unity.ncsu.edu; Harmon@aro.arl.army.mil OI Mitasova, Helena/0000-0002-6906-3398 NR 19 TC 45 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 9 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1545-598X J9 IEEE GEOSCI REMOTE S JI IEEE Geosci. Remote Sens. Lett. PD OCT PY 2005 VL 2 IS 4 BP 375 EP 379 DI 10.1109/LGRS.2005.848533 PG 5 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 978TY UT WOS:000232897100001 ER PT J AU Kesavan, AK Mendez, SE Hatem, CL Lopez-Molina, J Aird, K Pitt, MLM Dannenberg, AM Manabe, YC AF Kesavan, AK Mendez, SE Hatem, CL Lopez-Molina, J Aird, K Pitt, MLM Dannenberg, AM Manabe, YC TI Effects of dexamethasone and transient malnutrition on rabbits infected with aerosolized Mycobacterium tuberculosis CDC1551 SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID EXPERIMENTAL PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS; GUINEA-PIGS; PROTEIN-DEFICIENCY; SENSITIVITY; MORBIDITY; CHILDREN; DISEASE; MODEL; DIET AB Malnutrition is common in the developing world, where tuberculosis is often endemic. Rabbits infected with aerosolized Mycobacterium tuberculosis that subsequently became inadvertently and transiently malnourished had compromised cell-mediated immunity comparable to that of the rabbits immunosuppressed with dexamethasone. They had significant leukopenia and reduced delayed-type hypersensitivity responses. Malnutrition dampened cell-mediated immunity and would interfere with diagnostic tests that rely on intact CD4 T-cell responses. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD 21231 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Baltimore, MD 21231 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Mol Microbiol & Immunol, Baltimore, MD USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Baltimore, MD USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Aerobiol & Prod Evaluat, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. George Washington Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Trop Med, Washington, DC 20037 USA. RP Manabe, YC (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, 1503 E Jefferson St,Room 108, Baltimore, MD 21231 USA. EM ymanabe@jhmi.edu FU NHLBI NIH HHS [R01 HL071554, 1R01 HL71554] NR 30 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD OCT PY 2005 VL 73 IS 10 BP 7056 EP 7060 DI 10.1128/IAI.73.10.7056-7060.2005 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 967JN UT WOS:000232087600102 PM 16177392 ER PT J AU Krakauer, T Little, SF Stiles, BG AF Krakauer, T Little, SF Stiles, BG TI Bacillus anthracis edema toxin inhibits Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin B effects in vitro: a potential protein therapeutic? SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; T-CELL PROLIFERATION; BLOOD MONONUCLEAR-CELLS; CYCLIC-AMP; SHOCK-SYNDROME; BACTERIAL SUPERANTIGENS; ADENYLATE-CYCLASE; CYTOKINE RELEASE; LETHAL SHOCK; FACTOR-ALPHA AB Various in vitro effects of staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells were mitigated by Bacillus anthracis edema toxin. In particular, levels of some SEB-induced cytokines (tumor necrosis factor alpha, gamma interferon) and chemokines (monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, macrophage inflammatory protein 1 alpha [MIP-1 alpha], MIP-1 beta) were significantly diminished or even nonexistent, depending upon the timing of edema toxin administration. Overall, these results suggest a novel use of B. anthracis edema toxin against a bacterial superantigen. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Integrated Toxicol Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Krakauer, T (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Integrated Toxicol Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM teresa.krakauer@amedd.army.mil; bradley.stiles@amedd.army.mil NR 38 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD OCT PY 2005 VL 73 IS 10 BP 7069 EP 7073 DI 10.1128/IAI.73.10.7069-7073.2005 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 967JN UT WOS:000232087600105 PM 16177395 ER PT J AU Choi, KK Monroy, C Goldberg, A Dang, G Jhabvala, M La, A Tamir, T Leung, KM Majumdar, A Li, JJ Tsui, DC AF Choi, KK Monroy, C Goldberg, A Dang, G Jhabvala, M La, A Tamir, T Leung, KM Majumdar, A Li, JJ Tsui, DC TI Designs and applications of corrugated QWIPs SO INFRARED PHYSICS & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Workshop on Quantum Well Infrared Photodetectors CY AUG 09-12, 2004 CL Kananaskis, CANADA DE infrared detector; quantum well; light-coupling; FPA ID WELL INFRARED PHOTODETECTORS; DETECTION WAVELENGTH; SUPERLATTICES; PERFORMANCE AB In this paper, we will describe the performance of two long wavelength 1024 x 1024 corrugated quantum well infrared photodetector focal plane arrays (C-QWIP FPAs) with cutoff wavelengths at 8.6 and 9.0 mu m, respectively. The FPAs are background limited (BLIP) at around 76 Kin an f/1.8 optical system. In addition to the high performance of these C-QWIPs, the corresponding FPAs are also easily producible, making them ideal for large production. We will discuss the optimization of the detectors for different applications. Since corrugated coupling is wavelength insensitive, it is capable of broadband and multi-color detection. We will present a GaAs/AlGaAs broadband detector based on a binary superlattice design. Incorporating the broadband characteristic in a high gain InGaAs/InP material, C-QWIPs with large background photocurrent can be obtained for high speed applications. For multi-color detection, we have investigated two different approaches. One is based on a voltage-tunable, two-color QWIP material, which can be switched between two detection wavelengths simply by changing the detector bias. Stacking two of these similar QWIPs together and separating them with a middle contact layer, a voltage tunable, four-color detector array can be fabricated. A second approach is to combine a broadband QWIP material with a wavelength-selective light coupling method. Using a light coupling geometry to control the detection wavelength of individual pixels, a large number of wavelengths can be detected based on a single broadband detector material. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. Polytech Univ, Brooklyn, NY 11201 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RP Choi, KK (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM kchoi@arl.army.mil RI Choi, Kwong-Kit/K-9205-2013 NR 22 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1350-4495 J9 INFRARED PHYS TECHN JI Infrared Phys. Technol. PD OCT PY 2005 VL 47 IS 1-2 BP 76 EP 90 DI 10.1016/j.infrared.2005.02.013 PG 15 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics GA 968VJ UT WOS:000232190700012 ER PT J AU Goldberg, A Choi, KK Cho, E McQuiston, B AF Goldberg, A Choi, KK Cho, E McQuiston, B TI Laboratory and field performance of megapixel QWIP focal plane arrays SO INFRARED PHYSICS & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Workshop on Quantum Well Infrared Photodetectors CY AUG 09-12, 2004 CL Kananaskis, CANADA DE infrared; focal plane arrays; QWIP; large format AB We present the results of laboratory and field testing of a very large format (1024 x 1024 pixels) focal plane array (FPA) made using quantum well infrared photodetector (QWIP) technology. The FPA was produced by QWIP Technologies, Inc. and tested at the Army Research Laboratory (ARL). Tests performed included spectral response, dark current, 3d-noise, minimum resolvable temperature (MRT) and optical crosstalk. The spectral response was found to peak at 8.55 mu m. The device was found to have conversion efficiency close to 10% and the level of dark current was low enough to allow background limited infrared performance (BLIP) at 76 K. The pixel operability was in excess of 97% and there were no large cluster defects. The FPA was thinned to less than 20 mu m to allow thermal cycling and sharp focus. We will show indoor and outdoor imagery acquired with the FPA. The FPA was installed in a camera system that was taken to a major field test. We will show initial results of the analysis of the image data collected at that test. Vehicles of military interest were imaged at ranges between 500 m and 5 km. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USA, Res Lab, EO Photon Div, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. QWIP Technol Inc, Altadena, CA 91001 USA. EM arniecy@arl.army.mil RI Choi, Kwong-Kit/K-9205-2013 NR 9 TC 4 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1350-4495 J9 INFRARED PHYS TECHN JI Infrared Phys. Technol. PD OCT PY 2005 VL 47 IS 1-2 BP 91 EP 105 DI 10.1016/j.infrared.2005.02.014 PG 15 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics GA 968VJ UT WOS:000232190700013 ER PT J AU Sung, LP Drzal, PL VanLandingHam, MR Wu, TY Chang, SH AF Sung, LP Drzal, PL VanLandingHam, MR Wu, TY Chang, SH TI Metrology for characterizing scratch resistance of polymer coatings SO JCT RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation-of-Societies-for-Coatings-Technology CY OCT 27-29, 2004 CL Chicago, IL SP Fed Soc Coatings Tech DE hardness; scratch resistance; surface analysis; light scattering; gloss measurement; laser scanning confocal microscopy; appearance; durability; mechanical properties ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; MAR RESISTANCE; BEHAVIOR; DEFORMATION AB Current methods for scratch resistance assessment are often based on "relative but not quantitative" types of measurements, such as visual inspection, gloss changes, and changes in gray scale level or lightness. Most results are used for qualitative assessment purposes, which result in the lack of a repeatable and reliable standardized test method for the polymer materials community. To implement a scientifically based standardized test method for quantifying scratch resistance, it is vital to understand the relationships between material mechanical properties, morphology, and appearance (optical properties) of surface and subsurface deformation. In this article, preliminary results from a scratch testing protocol to identify the "onset" of plastic deformation in poly(methyl methacrylate) and poly(propylene) commercial samples are presented. Recent advances in optical scattering measurements to identify the onset of plastic deformation by analyzing specular and off-specular intensities are also presented. C1 Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Bldg & Fire Res Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. USA, Res Lab, Multifunct Mat Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Taipei 10764, Taiwan. RP Sung, LP (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Bldg & Fire Res Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. NR 20 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 3 U2 7 PU FEDERATION SOC COATINGS TECHNOLOGY PI BLUE BELL PA 492 NORRISTOWN ROAD, BLUE BELL, PA 19422-2350 USA SN 1547-0091 J9 JCT RES JI JCT Res. PD OCT PY 2005 VL 2 IS 8 BP 583 EP 589 DI 10.1007/BF02774587 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Applied; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 977DG UT WOS:000232782000001 ER PT J AU Liossis, SNC Tsokos, GC AF Liossis, SNC Tsokos, GC TI Monoclonal antibodies and fusion proteins in medicine SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Review DE cancer; lymphoma; transplantation; rheumatoid arthritis; systemic lupus erythematosus; psoriasis ID SYSTEMIC-LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS; TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; NON-HODGKINS-LYMPHOMA; B-CELL DEPLETION; CHRONIC PLAQUE PSORIASIS; IBRITUMOMAB TIUXETAN RADIOIMMUNOTHERAPY; RECEIVING CONCOMITANT METHOTREXATE; METASTATIC COLORECTAL-CANCER; RENAL-ALLOGRAFT RECIPIENTS; EARLY RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS AB Humanized antibodies and decoy receptors have been introduced in clinical practice to treat malignancies and systemic autoimmune disease because they ablate specific cells or disrupt pathogenic processes at distinct points. Reported clinical responses offer hope to treatment-resistant patients, particularly those with lymphomas and rheumatic diseases. Side effects from the use of biologic agents include lymphokine release syndrome, reactivation of tuberculosis, and immunosuppression. Further insights are needed regarding limitation of adverse effects, correct use in conjunction with existing drugs, and treatment of patients in whom resistance develops. C1 Univ Patras, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, Div Rheumatol, GR-26110 Patras, Greece. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Liossis, SNC (reprint author), Patras Univ Hosp, Dept Internal Med, Patras 26504, Greece. EM sliossis@med.upatras.gr NR 109 TC 21 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 3 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0091-6749 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD OCT PY 2005 VL 116 IS 4 BP 721 EP 729 DI 10.1016/j.jaci.2005.06.035 PG 9 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 017IF UT WOS:000235686600001 PM 16210042 ER PT J AU Krackow, KA Rauh, MA Meredith, RM Munjal, S AF Krackow, KA Rauh, MA Meredith, RM Munjal, S TI Antibiotic-laden cement - Technique for uniform manual mixing SO JOURNAL OF ARTHROPLASTY LA English DT Article DE polymethyl methacrylate; cement; arthroplasty; infection ID TOTAL HIP-ARTHROPLASTY; BONE-CEMENT; PROPHYLAXIS AB The use of polymethyl methacrylate has revolutionized surgical technique in total joint arthroplasty. In addition, in an effort to reduce the rate of infections as well as to treat active infections, the practice of adding powdered antibiotics to the cement has become commonplace. A simple and efficient technique of mixing antibiotic powder into cement that creates a uniform distribution of antibiotic is introduced. In addition, this process reduces the presence of "antibiotic voids," which, if present can alter the physical properties of the cement itself. C1 SUNY Buffalo, Kaleida Hlth Syst Buffalo Gen Hosp, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Buffalo, NY 14203 USA. Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Ft Gordon, GA USA. RP Krackow, KA (reprint author), SUNY Buffalo, Kaleida Hlth Syst Buffalo Gen Hosp, Dept Orthopaed Surg, 100 High St,Suite B276, Buffalo, NY 14203 USA. NR 9 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE INC MEDICAL PUBLISHERS PI PHILADELPHIA PA CURTIS CENTER, INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0883-5403 J9 J ARTHROPLASTY JI J. Arthroplast. PD OCT PY 2005 VL 20 IS 7 BP 941 EP 942 DI 10.1016/j.arth.2005.07.001 PG 2 WC Orthopedics SC Orthopedics GA 981LY UT WOS:000233091300021 PM 16230250 ER PT J AU Singer, DE Kiwanuka, N Serwadda, D Nalugoda, F Hird, L Bulken-Hoover, J Kigozi, G Malia, JA Calero, EK Sateren, W Robb, ML Wabwire-Mangen, F Wawer, M Gray, RH Sewankambo, N Birx, DL Michael, NL AF Singer, DE Kiwanuka, N Serwadda, D Nalugoda, F Hird, L Bulken-Hoover, J Kigozi, G Malia, JA Calero, EK Sateren, W Robb, ML Wabwire-Mangen, F Wawer, M Gray, RH Sewankambo, N Birx, DL Michael, NL TI Use of stored serum from Uganda for development and evaluation of a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 testing algorithm involving multiple rapid immunoassays SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HIV-1 INFECTION; ANTIBODIES AB We report the development and evaluation of a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 testing algorithm consisting of three rapid antibody detection tests. Stored serum samples from Uganda were utilized with a final algorithm sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 98.9% (95% confidence interval, 98.6% to 99.3%). C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, Dept Mol Diagnost & Pathogenesis, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, US Mil HIV Res Program, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Rakai Hlth Sci Project, Kalisizo, Uganda. Makerere Univ, Coll Med, Inst Publ Hlth, Kampala, Uganda. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Sch Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, New York, NY 10032 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21215 USA. RP Michael, NL (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, Dept Mol Diagnost & Pathogenesis, 1600 E Gude Dr, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. EM nmichael@hivresearch.org OI Sewankambo, Nelson/0000-0001-9362-053X NR 15 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD OCT PY 2005 VL 43 IS 10 BP 5312 EP 5315 DI 10.1128/JCM.43.10.5312-5315.2005 PG 4 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 976VV UT WOS:000232762500063 PM 16208006 ER PT J AU Zhou, P Chen, MH McLeod, D Carroll, PR Moul, JW D'Amico, AV AF Zhou, P Chen, MH McLeod, D Carroll, PR Moul, JW D'Amico, AV TI Predictors of prostate cancer-specific mortality after radical prostatectomy or radiation therapy SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MITOXANTRONE PLUS PREDNISONE; COMPETING RISK; ANTIGEN; RECURRENCE; SURVIVAL; FAILURE; DOCETAXEL; DATABASE; TRIAL; MEN AB Purpose We evaluated predictors of prostate cancer-specific mortality (PCSM) after prostate-specific antigen (PSA) failure after radical prostatectomy (RP) or radiation therapy (RT). Patients and Methods A total of M 59 men with clinically localized prostate cancer treated with RP (n = 498) or RT (n = 661) developed PSA failure, and they formed the study cohort. Competing risk regression analyses were used to evaluate whether previously identified predictors of time to metastasis, including post-treatment PSA doubling time (PSA-DT), Gleason score, and interval to PSA failure, could also predict time to PCSM after PSA failure. The cumulative incidence method was used to estimate PCSM after PSA failure. Results A post-RP PSA-DT of less than 3 months (hazard ratio [HR], 54.9; 95% Cl, 16.7 to 180), a post-RT PSA-DT of less than 3 months (HR, 12.8; 95% Cl, 7.0 to 23.1), and a biopsy Gleason score of 8 to 10 (HR, 6.1-1 95% Cl, 3.4 to 10.7) for patients treated with RT were significantly associated with PCSM. Post-RP estimated rates of PCSM 5 years after PSA failure were 31% (95% Cl, 17% to 45%) v 1% (95% Cl, 0% to 2%) for patients with PSA-DT of less than 3 months v >= 3 months. Post-RT estimated rates of PCSM 5 years after PSA failure were 75% (95% Cl, 59% to 92%) v 35% (95% Cl, 24% to 47%) for patients with a biopsy Gleason score of >= 8 v <= 7, respectively, and PSA-DT of less than 3 months; these rates were 15% (95% Cl, 0.8% to 28%) v 4% (95% Cl, 1 % to 6%), respectively, for patients with a PSA-DT >= 3 months. Conclusion Patients at high risk for PCSM after PSA failure can be identified based on post-RP PSA-DT or post-RT PSA-DT and biopsy Gleason score. These parameters may be useful in identifying patients for a randomized trial evaluating hormonal therapy with or without docetaxel. C1 Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Radiat Oncol, Boston, MA USA. Dana Farber Canc Inst, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Univ Connecticut, Dept Stat, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Dept Surg & Urol Serv, Bethesda, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Urol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Duke Univ, Dept Urol, Durham, NC USA. RP Zhou, P (reprint author), 375 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02215 USA. EM pzhou@partners.org NR 33 TC 137 Z9 140 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL ONCOLOGY PI ALEXANDRIA PA 330 JOHN CARLYLE ST, STE 300, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0732-183X J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD OCT 1 PY 2005 VL 23 IS 28 BP 6992 EP 6998 DI 10.1200/JCO.2005.01.2906 PG 7 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 969KC UT WOS:000232232000024 PM 16192586 ER PT J AU Guerra, CE Dominguez, F Shea, JA AF Guerra, CE Dominguez, F Shea, JA TI Literacy and knowledge, attitudes, and behavior about colorectal cancer screening SO JOURNAL OF HEALTH COMMUNICATION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 25th Annual Meeting of the Society-of-General-Internal-Medicine CY MAY 01-05, 2002 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Soc Gen Internal Med ID FECAL-OCCULT-BLOOD; HEALTH LITERACY; OLDER WOMEN; SIGMOIDOSCOPY; MAMMOGRAPHY; MORTALITY; RECOMMENDATIONS; PARTICIPATION; ORGANIZATION; PREVENTION AB This cross-sectional survey explored the association between functional health literacy and knowledge of, beliefs and attitudes about, and reported usage of colorectal cancer screening tests. The results indicate that functional health literacy, as assessed by the Short Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults (STOFHLA), is not an independent predictor of colorectal cancer screening knowledge, beliefs, attitudes, or behavior. Latino ethnicity and education, however, often predicted screening responses, suggesting that efforts to improve communication about colorectal cancer screening with Latino patients and patients with low education clearly are needed to reduce the disparities in awareness and utilization of colorectal cancer screening tests. This study also explored influences on intended screening behavior. Physician recommendation was found to be a powerful motivator of intention to undergo colorectal cancer screening regardless of literacy level, indicating that interventions aimed at increasing physician recommendation of colorectal cancer screening may be an effective way of increasing screening rates. C1 Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Gen Internal Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. USA, Dwight D Eisenhower Med Ctr, Dept Med, Ft Gordon, GA USA. Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr, CHERP, Philadelphia, PA USA. Univ Penn, Leonard Davis Inst Hlth Econ, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Guerra, CE (reprint author), Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Gen Internal Med, 1221 Blockley Hall,423 Guardian Dr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM carmen.guerra@uphs.upenn.edu FU AHRQ HHS [R01 HS10299] NR 33 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1081-0730 J9 J HEALTH COMMUN JI J. Health Commun. PD OCT-NOV PY 2005 VL 10 IS 7 BP 651 EP 663 DI 10.1080/10810730500267720 PG 13 WC Communication; Information Science & Library Science SC Communication; Information Science & Library Science GA 981VA UT WOS:000233114900006 PM 16278201 ER PT J AU Reed, DS Larsen, T Sullivan, LJ Lind, CM Lackemeyer, MG Pratt, WD Parker, MD AF Reed, DS Larsen, T Sullivan, LJ Lind, CM Lackemeyer, MG Pratt, WD Parker, MD TI Aerosol exposure to western equine encephalitis virus causes fever and encephalitis in cynomolgus Macaques SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID MACACA-RHESUS MONKEYS; ENCEPHALOMYELITIS VIRUS; ATTENUATED VACCINES; RESPIRATORY TRACT; NONHUMAN-PRIMATES; OLFACTORY ROUTE; INFECTION; LIVE AB Cynomolgus macaques were exposed by aerosol to a virulent strain of western equine encephalitis virus (WEEV). Between 4 and 6 days after exposure, macaques had a significantly elevated temperature that lasted for 3 - 4 days. Clinical signs of encephalitis began as the body temperature decreased, and then they rapidly increased in severity. Cynomolgus macaques with clinical signs of encephalitis had elevated white cell counts in the blood caused mostly by increased numbers of segmented neutrophils and monocytes. Elevated serum glucose levels also correlated with the severity of the clinical signs of encephalitis. Three cynomolgus macaques died; immunohistochemical evidence of viral antigen was present in the brain and central nervous system (CNS). Microscopic analysis also revealed a marked lymphocytic infiltrate in the CNS. Cynomolgus macaques will serve as a useful model of aerosol exposure to WEEV for the evaluation of potential vaccine candidates. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ctr Aerobiol Sci, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Pathol, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Diagnost Syst Div, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Reed, DS (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ctr Aerobiol Sci, 1425 Porter St, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. EM doug.reed@det.amedd.army.mil OI Reed, Douglas/0000-0003-0076-9023 NR 22 TC 49 Z9 50 U1 1 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD OCT 1 PY 2005 VL 192 IS 7 BP 1173 EP 1182 DI 10.1086/444397 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 960WK UT WOS:000231623700008 PM 16136459 ER PT J AU Grujicic, M Zhao, CL Roy, WN AF Grujicic, M Zhao, CL Roy, WN TI A statistical analysis of the mechanical and electronic-transport properties of stochastic porous fibrous materials SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID FAILURE PROCESSES; NETWORKS; PAPER; MICROMODEL; MODEL AB Computer simulations are used to analyze mechanical and electronic-transport properties and their degradation in stochastic porous fibrous materials. Such materials are currently being used for electrochemical substrates in advanced battery technologies such as the nickel/metal-hydride and lithium-ion technologies. It is found that due a structural damage, material mechanical and electron-transport properties degrade during loading at a progressively higher rate leading ultimately to a complete loss of the material ability to support mechanical load or to conduct electrical current. A statistical sensitivity analysis is also developed which could be used in the design and fabrication of stochastic porous fibrous materials in order to ensure that a desired minimum level of the failure strength is attained at a sufficiently high probability. (c) 2005 Springer Science + Business Media, Inc. C1 Clemson Univ, Program Mat Sci & Engn, Dept Mech Engn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. USA, Res Lab, Proc & Properties Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Grujicic, M (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Program Mat Sci & Engn, Dept Mech Engn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. EM mica.grujicic@ces.clemson.edu NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-2461 J9 J MATER SCI JI J. Mater. Sci. PD OCT PY 2005 VL 40 IS 19 BP 5181 EP 5190 DI 10.1007/s10853-005-4411-4 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 969XF UT WOS:000232268400010 ER PT J AU Orlovskaya, N Lugovy, M Subbotin, V Radchenko, O Adams, J Chheda, M Shih, J Sankar, J Yarmolenko, S AF Orlovskaya, N Lugovy, M Subbotin, V Radchenko, O Adams, J Chheda, M Shih, J Sankar, J Yarmolenko, S TI Robust design and manufacturing of ceramic laminates with controlled thermal residual stresses for enhanced toughness SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID MATRIX LAYERED COMPOSITES; TUNGSTEN LONG RODS; BORON-CARBIDE; SURFACE COMPRESSION; CRACK BIFURCATION; IMPACT VELOCITIES; SILICON-CARBIDE; TARGETS; PENETRATION; THICKNESS AB Boron carbide-silicon carbide ceramic composites are very promising armor materials because they are intrinsically very hard. However, their fracture toughness is not very high. Their ballistic performance could be significantly increased if the brittleness of these materials could be decreased. Here we report development of boron carbide-silicon carbide layered ceramics with controlled compressive and tensile stresses in separate layers. Such B4C-SiC laminates with strong interfaces can provide high apparent fracture toughness and damage tolerance along with high protection capabilities. The theory of heterogeneous layered systems was used to develop optimal design parameters allowing the evaluation and maximization of apparent fracture toughness. The layered composites were designed in a way to achieve high compressive residual stresses in thin B4C-SiC based layers and low tensile residuals stresses in thick B4C layers. The residual stresses were controlled by the phase composition of layers and the layers thickness. The estimated apparent fracture toughness was calculated for both three layered and nine layered composites. B4C-30 wt%SiC/B4C laminates were made based on the optimized design for high apparent fracture toughness. Processing of laminates involved preprocessing of powders, forming green tapes and hot pressing. Work is in progress to measure fracture toughness of laminates, as well as their strength, hardness and the ballistic performance. (c) 2005 Springer Science + Business Media, Inc. C1 Drexel Univ, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Ukrainian Acad Sci, Inst Mat Sci Problems, UA-03142 Kiev, Ukraine. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. N Carolina Agr & Tech State Univ, Greensboro, NC 27411 USA. RP Orlovskaya, N (reprint author), Drexel Univ, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM orlovsk@drexel.edu RI Yarmolenko, Sergey/E-6819-2017 NR 38 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 19 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-2461 J9 J MATER SCI JI J. Mater. Sci. PD OCT PY 2005 VL 40 IS 20 BP 5483 EP 5490 DI 10.1007/s10853-005-1923-x PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 971RW UT WOS:000232403100023 ER PT J AU Murray, CK Beckius, ML Green, JA Hospenthal, DR AF Murray, CK Beckius, ML Green, JA Hospenthal, DR TI Use of chromogenic medium in the isolation of yeasts from clinical specimens SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CHROMAGAR CANDIDA MEDIUM; BLOOD-STREAM INFECTIONS; PRESUMPTIVE IDENTIFICATION; UNITED-STATES; EPIDEMIOLOGY; ALBICANS; SAMPLES AB Over a 1 year period 3296 specimens submitted for fungal culture were plated onto routine mycological media (RM) and CHROMagar Candida (CaC) to evaluate the capability of CaC to improve on RM. With RIM, cultures producing single yeast isolates were identified from 802 specimens. CaC produced similar results, with 76% agreement. Of 761 specimens that yielded a single Candida species by RM, 615 (81%) produced one or more yeast isolates using CaC. Of concern, 132 negative CaC cultures corresponded to specimens that yielded C. albicans alone on RIM. When yeasts were recovered, CaC correctly identified 98% of C. albicans, 93% of Candida tropicalis, 96% of Candida glabrata and 100% of Candida krusei based on typical colours. CaC did potentially improve on RM by detecting yeasts in 91 specimens that yielded none by routine methods. CaC was noted to recover more yeast isolates than RM when mixed cultures were detected. Overall, the role of CaC in improving RM appears limited. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Infect Dis Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Area Lab Support, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Hospenthal, DR (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Infect Dis Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM Duane.Hospenthal@amedd.army.mil NR 22 TC 16 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 0022-2615 J9 J MED MICROBIOL JI J. Med. Microbiol. PD OCT PY 2005 VL 54 IS 10 BP 981 EP 985 DI 10.1099/jmm.0.45942-0 PG 5 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 971JG UT WOS:000232379500013 PM 16157554 ER PT J AU Hudson, TD Holt, SW Ruffin, P Kranz, M McKee, J Whitley, M Buncick, M Tuck, E AF Hudson, TD Holt, SW Ruffin, P Kranz, M McKee, J Whitley, M Buncick, M Tuck, E TI High-performance microfabricated angular rate sensor SO JOURNAL OF MICROLITHOGRAPHY MICROFABRICATION AND MICROSYSTEMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Micromaching Technology for Micro-Optics and Nano-Optics II CY JAN, 2004 CL San Jose, CA SP SPIE DE microfabrication; gyroscope; MEMS; inertial sensor AB The development of a miniature angular rate sensor based on silicon-on-insulator (SOI) microfabrication technology is presented. The design, fabrication, integration, and inertial testing of a MEMS-based angular rate sensor with large dynamic range were the driving forces behind this research. The design goals of 10-deg/h bias stability while operating through 2000-deg/s roll environments are presented. The sensor design is based on a straightforward single-mask fabrication approach that utilizes deep reactive ion etching of a 100-mu m-thick device layer, with a buried 2- to 3-mu m oxide layer used as the sacrificial layer, in an SOI substrate. To date, the data show demonstrated bias drift performance of 60 deg/h over this fast-roll environment. (c) 2005 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 USA, Aviat & Missile Res Dev & Engn Ctr, AMSRD AMR WS ID, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. Morgan Res Corp, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA. AEgis Technol Grp Inc, Huntsville, AL 35806 USA. RP USA, Aviat & Missile Res Dev & Engn Ctr, AMSRD AMR WS ID, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. EM tracy.hudson@us.army.mil NR 12 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 1537-1646 J9 J MICROLITH MICROFAB JI J. Microlithogr. Microfabr. Microsyst. PD OCT-DEC PY 2005 VL 4 IS 4 AR 043006 DI 10.1117/1.2114787 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Optics GA 005XK UT WOS:000234859500024 ER PT J AU Watson, S AF Watson, S TI War within war: Mexican guerrillas, domestic elites, and the United States of America, 1846-1848. SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Watson, S (reprint author), US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY PI LEXINGTON PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA 24450-1600 USA SN 0899-3718 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD OCT PY 2005 VL 69 IS 4 BP 1212 EP 1214 DI 10.1353/jmh.2005.0269 PG 3 WC History SC History GA 972XM UT WOS:000232486700026 ER PT J AU Bourque, SA AF Bourque, SA TI In the company of soldiers: A chronicle of combat. SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Command & Gen Staff Coll, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Bourque, SA (reprint author), USA, Command & Gen Staff Coll, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY PI LEXINGTON PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA 24450-1600 USA SN 0899-3718 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD OCT PY 2005 VL 69 IS 4 BP 1266 EP 1267 DI 10.1353/jmh.2005.0209 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 972XM UT WOS:000232486700068 ER PT J AU Andrade, D AF Andrade, D TI We are always pleased to have letters to the editor because this shows that people are reading our Journal seriously. However, due to space limitations, we ask that letters be kept under 500 words. Dr. Andrade reply SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Letter C1 USA, Ctr Mil Hist, Washington, DC USA. RP Andrade, D (reprint author), USA, Ctr Mil Hist, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY PI LEXINGTON PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA 24450-1600 USA SN 0899-3718 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD OCT PY 2005 VL 69 IS 4 BP 1285 EP 1286 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 972XM UT WOS:000232486700072 ER PT J AU Loh, Y Watson, WD Verma, A Krapiva, P AF Loh, Y Watson, WD Verma, A Krapiva, P TI Restricted diffusion of the splenium in acute Wernicke's encephalopathy SO JOURNAL OF NEUROIMAGING LA English DT Article DE diffusion restriction; Wernicke's encephalopathy; thiamine; vitamin; cytotoxic edema; vasogenic edema ID MARCHIAFAVA-BIGNAMI-DISEASE; CORPUS-CALLOSUM; MRI AB Acute Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE) is caused by profound vitamin 131 (thiamine) deficiency and commonly presents with the classic clinical triad of mental confusion, ataxia, and ophthalmoplegia. This characteristic presentation results from the propensity of acute thiamine deficiency to preferentially injure specific brain regions: the dorsomedial thalamus, periaqueductal gray, and mamillary bodies. In these regions, abnormal magnetic resonance signaling on conventional sequences has been well described; however, diffusion restriction has only recently been reported. The authors demonstrate diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) abnormalities of the splenium of the corpus callosum in a patient with acute WE, which has not been reported previously, and suggest a potential pathological mechanism. With the recent addition of DWI, MRI is becoming more sensitive to the changes in acute WE. Furthermore, the use of apparent diffusion coefficient mapping to evaluate the extent of likely underlying cytotoxic injury may help determine long-term response to vitamin therapy and, thus, disability. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Neurol, Bethesda, MD USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Neurol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Loh, Y (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM Yince.loh@na.amedd.army.mil NR 14 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 4 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1051-2284 J9 J NEUROIMAGING JI J. Neuroimaging PD OCT PY 2005 VL 15 IS 4 BP 373 EP 375 DI 10.1177/1051228405279037 PG 3 WC Clinical Neurology; Neuroimaging; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 969ZO UT WOS:000232275200013 PM 16254404 ER PT J AU Williams, AJ Bautista, CC Hartings, JA Lu, XM Tortella, FC AF Williams, AJ Bautista, CC Hartings, JA Lu, XM Tortella, FC TI Evaluation of ethosuximide and gabapentin for treatment of non-convulsive seizures (NCS) induced by focal ischemic brain injury in rats SO JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 23rd Annual National-Neurotrauma-Society Symposium CY NOV 10-11, 2005 CL Washington, DC SP Natl Neurotrauma Soc C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0897-7151 J9 J NEUROTRAUM JI J. Neurotrauma PD OCT PY 2005 VL 22 IS 10 MA P22 BP 1169 EP 1169 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC General & Internal Medicine; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 977ZS UT WOS:000232842600035 ER PT J AU Warden, DL Ryan, LM Helmick, KM Schwab, K French, L Lu, W Lux, W Ling, G Ecklund, J AF Warden, DL Ryan, LM Helmick, KM Schwab, K French, L Lu, W Lux, W Ling, G Ecklund, J TI War neurotrauma: The defense and veterans brain injury center (DVBIC) experience at Walter Reed Army Medical Center (WRAMC) SO JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 23rd Annual National-Neurotrauma-Society Symposium CY NOV 10-11, 2005 CL Washington, DC SP Natl Neurotrauma Soc C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Def & Vet Brain Injury Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RI Winstein, Carolee/A-8375-2008 NR 0 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0897-7151 J9 J NEUROTRAUM JI J. Neurotrauma PD OCT PY 2005 VL 22 IS 10 MA P60 BP 1178 EP 1178 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC General & Internal Medicine; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 977ZS UT WOS:000232842600072 ER PT J AU Williams, AJ Bautista, CC Hartings, JA Lu, XM Rolli, ML Tortella, FC AF Williams, AJ Bautista, CC Hartings, JA Lu, XM Rolli, ML Tortella, FC TI Penetrating ballistic brain injury (PBBI) in the rat: Differential time course of cell death, axonal degeneration, hemorrhage, and inflammation SO JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 23rd Annual National-Neurotrauma-Society Symposium CY NOV 10-11, 2005 CL Washington, DC SP Natl Neurotrauma Soc C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0897-7151 J9 J NEUROTRAUM JI J. Neurotrauma PD OCT PY 2005 VL 22 IS 10 MA P87 BP 1185 EP 1185 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC General & Internal Medicine; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 977ZS UT WOS:000232842600098 ER PT J AU Hartings, JA Mazzeo, AT Fabricius, M Tortella, FC Bullock, MR AF Hartings, JA Mazzeo, AT Fabricius, M Tortella, FC Bullock, MR TI Temperature effect on spreading depression incidence in the traumatically injured human brain SO JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 23rd Annual National-Neurotrauma-Society Symposium CY NOV 10-11, 2005 CL Washington, DC SP Natl Neurotrauma Soc C1 Glostrup Cty Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark. Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Richmond, VA USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0897-7151 J9 J NEUROTRAUM JI J. Neurotrauma PD OCT PY 2005 VL 22 IS 10 MA P148 BP 1201 EP 1201 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC General & Internal Medicine; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 977ZS UT WOS:000232842600161 ER PT J AU Williams, AJ Bautista, CC Lu, XM Tortella, FC AF Williams, AJ Bautista, CC Lu, XM Tortella, FC TI Neurological balance beam performance following penetrating ballistic brain injury (PBBI) in the rat SO JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 23rd Annual National-Neurotrauma-Society Symposium CY NOV 10-11, 2005 CL Washington, DC SP Natl Neurotrauma Soc C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0897-7151 J9 J NEUROTRAUM JI J. Neurotrauma PD OCT PY 2005 VL 22 IS 10 MA P176 BP 1208 EP 1208 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC General & Internal Medicine; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 977ZS UT WOS:000232842600186 ER PT J AU Chen, RW Liao, Z Yao, C Lit, XC Jiang, ZG Ghanbari, H Tortella, FC Dave, JR AF Chen, RW Liao, Z Yao, C Lit, XC Jiang, ZG Ghanbari, H Tortella, FC Dave, JR TI Pan-811 provides neuroprotection against glutamate toxicity by suppressing activation of JNK and P38 MAPK SO JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 23rd Annual National-Neurotrauma-Society Symposium CY NOV 10-11, 2005 CL Washington, DC SP Natl Neurotrauma Soc C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. Panacea Pharmaceut, Gaithersburg, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0897-7151 J9 J NEUROTRAUM JI J. Neurotrauma PD OCT PY 2005 VL 22 IS 10 MA P199 BP 1214 EP 1214 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC General & Internal Medicine; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 977ZS UT WOS:000232842600211 ER PT J AU Sharrow, KM Pulcifur, A Guevarra, P Williams, AJ Tortella, F Lu, XCM AF Sharrow, KM Pulcifur, A Guevarra, P Williams, AJ Tortella, F Lu, XCM TI A novel method for inducing brain-specific hypothermia in rats: A potential neuroprotection strategy SO JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 23rd Annual National-Neurotrauma-Society Symposium CY NOV 10-11, 2005 CL Washington, DC SP Natl Neurotrauma Soc C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Appl Neurobiol, Div Psychiat & Neurosci, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0897-7151 J9 J NEUROTRAUM JI J. Neurotrauma PD OCT PY 2005 VL 22 IS 10 MA P285 BP 1235 EP 1235 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC General & Internal Medicine; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 977ZS UT WOS:000232842600296 ER PT J AU Dave, JR Chen, RW Williams, AJ Hartings, JA Connors, RA Yao, C Tortella, FC AF Dave, JR Chen, RW Williams, AJ Hartings, JA Connors, RA Yao, C Tortella, FC TI Time course of caspase-3 and Ca2+/Mg2+ endonuclease dependent DNA damage following focal ischemic brain injury in rats SO JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 23rd Annual National-Neurotrauma-Society Symposium CY NOV 10-11, 2005 CL Washington, DC SP Natl Neurotrauma Soc C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Psychiat & Neurosci, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0897-7151 J9 J NEUROTRAUM JI J. Neurotrauma PD OCT PY 2005 VL 22 IS 10 BP 1237 EP 1237 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC General & Internal Medicine; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 977ZS UT WOS:000232842600301 ER PT J AU Whipple, RA Yao, C Williams, AJ Lu, XCM Chen, R Connors, RA Liao, Z Wang, KK Hayes, RL Tortella, FC Dave, JR AF Whipple, RA Yao, C Williams, AJ Lu, XCM Chen, R Connors, RA Liao, Z Wang, KK Hayes, RL Tortella, FC Dave, JR TI Identification of brain and serum biomarkers following penetrating ballistic-like brain injury (PBBI) in the rat SO JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 23rd Annual National-Neurotrauma-Society Symposium CY NOV 10-11, 2005 CL Washington, DC SP Natl Neurotrauma Soc C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. Univ Florida, McKnight Brian Inst, Gainesville, FL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0897-7151 J9 J NEUROTRAUM JI J. Neurotrauma PD OCT PY 2005 VL 22 IS 10 MA p333 BP 1248 EP 1248 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC General & Internal Medicine; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 977ZS UT WOS:000232842600344 ER PT J AU Yao, C Williams, AJ Lu, XCM Chen, R Liao, Z Connors, RA Whipple, RA Wang, KK Hayes, RL Tortella, FC Dave, JR AF Yao, C Williams, AJ Lu, XCM Chen, R Liao, Z Connors, RA Whipple, RA Wang, KK Hayes, RL Tortella, FC Dave, JR TI Powerblot analysis of differential protein expression in rat brain following penetrating or focal ischemic injury SO JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 23rd Annual National-Neurotrauma-Society Symposium CY NOV 10-11, 2005 CL Washington, DC SP Natl Neurotrauma Soc C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. Univ Florida, McKnight Brina Inst, Gainesville, FL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0897-7151 J9 J NEUROTRAUM JI J. Neurotrauma PD OCT PY 2005 VL 22 IS 10 MA p337 BP 1249 EP 1249 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC General & Internal Medicine; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 977ZS UT WOS:000232842600348 ER PT J AU Lu, XC Willmore, CB Pulcifur, A Guevarra, P Williams, AJ Tortella, FC AF Lu, XC Willmore, CB Pulcifur, A Guevarra, P Williams, AJ Tortella, FC TI A Glypromate (R) analog, NNZ-2566, is neuroprotective in rats subjected to penetrating ballistic-like brain injury (PBBI) SO JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 23rd Annual National-Neurotrauma-Society Symposium CY NOV 10-11, 2005 CL Washington, DC SP Natl Neurotrauma Soc C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0897-7151 J9 J NEUROTRAUM JI J. Neurotrauma PD OCT PY 2005 VL 22 IS 10 MA p363 BP 1255 EP 1255 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC General & Internal Medicine; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 977ZS UT WOS:000232842600372 ER PT J AU Ippolito, J Adler, AB Thomas, JL Litz, BT Holzl, R AF Ippolito, Jessica Adler, Amy B. Thomas, Jeffrey L. Litz, Brett T. Holzl, Rupert TI Extending and applying the demand-control model: The role of soldier's coping on a peacekeeping deployment SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE demand-control model; coping; peacekeeping; deployment stress AB The purpose of this study was to extend the demand-control model (R. A. Karasek, 1979) by examining coping as an additional factor. It was hypothesized that perceived job control only buffered the demand-strain relationship when individuals used active coping and exacerbated the relationship when individuals used passive coping. Soldiers (N = 638) were surveyed before and during a 6-month peacekeeping deployment to Kosovo. Results partially confirmed the hypotheses. Even after controlling for general psychological health at predeployment, job control moderated the relationship between demands and psychological health during deployment when soldiers used active coping. No significant 3-way interactions were found for religious coping and passive coping. Implications for demand-control modeling and potential applications of the findings to soldier and leader training are discussed. C1 US Army Med Res Unit Europe, D-69126 Heidelberg, Germany. Univ Mannheim, Dept Psychol, Mannheim, Germany. Boston Univ, Sch Med, Boston Vet Affairs Healthcare Syst, Boston, MA 02118 USA. RP Ippolito, J (reprint author), US Army Med Res Unit Europe, D-69126 Heidelberg, Germany. EM ippolito@psycube.de RI Dopko, Rae/J-7437-2015; Lang, Jessica/I-2388-2014 OI Lang, Jessica/0000-0001-7802-8546 NR 51 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC/EDUCATIONAL PUBLISHING FOUNDATION PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 1076-8998 J9 J OCCUP HEALTH PSYCH JI J. Occup. Health Psychol. PD OCT PY 2005 VL 10 IS 4 BP 452 EP 464 DI 10.1037/1076-8998.10.4.452 PG 13 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychology, Applied SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychology GA V43VT UT WOS:000202963300012 PM 16248692 ER PT J AU Childs, JD Whitman, JA AF Childs, JD Whitman, JA TI Advancing physical therapy practice: The accountable practitioner SO JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC & SPORTS PHYSICAL THERAPY LA English DT Editorial Material ID MUSCULOSKELETAL MEDICINE; EDUCATION; ADEQUACY C1 Baylor Univ, USA, Doctoral Program Phys Therapy, San Antonio, TX USA. Regis Univ, Denver, CO USA. RP Childs, JD (reprint author), Baylor Univ, USA, Doctoral Program Phys Therapy, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 7 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU J O S P T, PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1111 NORTH FAIRFAX ST, STE 100, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1436 USA SN 0190-6011 J9 J ORTHOP SPORT PHYS JI J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther. PD OCT PY 2005 VL 35 IS 10 BP 624 EP 627 PG 4 WC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA 974CM UT WOS:000232568900001 PM 16294982 ER PT J AU Young, BA Flynn, TW AF Young, BA Flynn, TW TI Pulmonary emboli: The differential diagnosis dilemma SO JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC & SPORTS PHYSICAL THERAPY LA English DT Article DE chest pain; dyspnea; lungs; screening; thromboembolism ID DEEP VENOUS THROMBOSIS; TOTAL KNEE ARTHROPLASTY; TOTAL HIP-REPLACEMENT; VEIN THROMBOSIS; RISK-FACTORS; PROBABILITY; POPULATION; MORTALITY; SHOULDER; PATIENT AB Pulmonary embolism is a rare but serious medical condition, with an estimated mortality of 5% to 20%. Many patients receiving physical therapy may be at risk for developing pulmonary embolism, especially after periods of immobilization or surgery. Patients presenting with dyspnea, chest pain, or tachypnea, particularly after trauma or surgery, have an increased likelihood of pulmonary embolism. Clinical prediction rules have been developed, which can aid the practitioners in assessing the risk a patient has for developing pulmonary embolism. The present clinical commentary discusses the existing evidence for screening patients for pulmonary embolism. To illustrate the importance of the screening examination, a patient is presented who was referred to physical therapy 5 days after cervical discectomy and fusion. This patient was subsequently referred for medical evaluation and a confirmatory diagnosis of pulmonary embolism. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2005. C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Phys Therapy Dept, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. Baylor Univ, USA, Doctoral Program Orthoped & Manual Phys Therapy, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. Regis Univ, Dept Phys Therapy, Denver, CO USA. RP Young, BA (reprint author), 6709 Pk Haven Dr, San Antonio, TX 78244 USA. EM brian.young@lackland.af.mil NR 34 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU J O S P T, PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1111 NORTH FAIRFAX ST, STE 100, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1436 USA SN 0190-6011 J9 J ORTHOP SPORT PHYS JI J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther. PD OCT PY 2005 VL 35 IS 10 BP 637 EP 644 PG 8 WC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA 974CM UT WOS:000232568900003 PM 16294984 ER PT J AU Moore, JH McMillian, DJ Rosenthal, MD Weishaar, MD AF Moore, JH McMillian, DJ Rosenthal, MD Weishaar, MD TI Risk determination for patients with direct access to physical therapy in military health care facilities SO JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC & SPORTS PHYSICAL THERAPY LA English DT Article DE adverse effect; adverse event; liability; primary care ID DISORDERS; PROVIDERS; INJURIES AB Study Design: Nonexperimental, retrospective, descriptive design. Objectives: This study was designed to ascertain whether direct access to physical therapy placed military health care beneficiaries at risk for adverse events related to their management. Background: Military health care beneficiaries have the option at most US military hospitals and clinics to first enter the health care system through physical therapy by direct access, without referral from another privileged health care provider. This level of autonomous practice incurs broad responsibilities and raises concern regarding the delivery of safe, competent, and appropriate patient care administered by physical therapists (PTs) when patients are not first examined and then referred by a physician or other privileged health care provider. While military PTs practice autonomously in a variety of health care settings, they do not work independently within any facility. Military PTs and physicians rely on one another for sharing and collaboration of information regarding patient care and clinical research as warranted. Additionally, military PTs are indirectly supervised by physicians. Methods and Measures: To reduce provider bias, a retrospective analysis was performed at 25 military health care sites (6 Army, 11 Navy, and 8 Air Force) on patients seen in physical therapy from October 1999 through January 2003. During this 40-month period, 95 PTs (88 military and 7 civilian) were credentialed to provide care throughout the various medical sites. Descriptive statistics were analyzed for total workload, number of new patients seen with and without referral, documented patient adverse events reported to each facility's Risk Management Office, and any disciplinary or legal action against a physical therapist. Results: During the 40-month observation period, 472 013 patient visits were recorded. Of these, 112 653 (23.9%) were new patients, with 50 799 (45.1 %) of the new patients seen through direct access without physician referral. Throughout the 40-month data collection period, there were no reported adverse events resulting from the PTs' diagnoses or management, regardless of how patients accessed physical therapy services. Additionally, none of the PTs had their credentials or state licenses modified or revoked for disciplinary action. There also had been no litigation cases filed against the US Government involving PTs during the same period. Conclusions: The findings from this preliminary study clearly demonstrate that patients seen in military health care facilities are at minimal risk for gross negligent care when evaluated and managed by PTs, with or without physician referral. The significance of these findings with respect to direct access is important for not only our beneficiaries but also our profession and the facilities in which we practice. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2005. C1 Baylor Univ, Med Dept Ctr & Sch, USA, Doctoral Program Phys Therapy, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. USA, Hlth Clin, Mannheim, Germany. Naval Special Warfare Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. USAF Acad, Cadet Phys Therapy Clin, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. RP Moore, JH (reprint author), Baylor Univ, Med Dept Ctr & Sch, USA, Doctoral Program Phys Therapy, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM josef.moore@us.army.mil NR 17 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 4 PU J O S P T, PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1111 NORTH FAIRFAX ST, STE 100, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1436 USA SN 0190-6011 J9 J ORTHOP SPORT PHYS JI J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther. PD OCT PY 2005 VL 35 IS 10 BP 674 EP 678 PG 5 WC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA 974CM UT WOS:000232568900008 PM 16294989 ER PT J AU Estes, AC Welch, RW Ressler, SJ AF Estes, AC Welch, RW Ressler, SJ TI The ExCEEd teaching model SO JOURNAL OF PROFESSIONAL ISSUES IN ENGINEERING EDUCATION AND PRACTICE LA English DT Editorial Material ID CLASSROOM AB This is yet another article (the seventh, to be exact) in a series covering ideas and techniques that are included in the ASCE ExCEEd (Excellence in Civil Engineering Education) Teaching Workshops (ETW). The authors of the series are faculty members who have been involved with the development and implementation of Project ExCEEd since its inception in 1999. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Civil Engn & Mech, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Estes, AC (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Civil Engn & Mech, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM Allen.Estes@usma.edu; Ronald.Welch@usma.edu; Stephen.Ressler@usma.edu NR 19 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 1052-3928 J9 J PROF ISS ENG ED PR JI J. Prof. Issues Eng. Educ. Pract. PD OCT PY 2005 VL 131 IS 4 BP 218 EP 222 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)1052-3928(2005)131:4(218) PG 5 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Education & Educational Research; Engineering GA 968TM UT WOS:000232185300002 ER PT J AU Cardello, AV AF Cardello, AV TI The cultural politics of food and eating: A reader. SO JOURNAL OF SENSORY STUDIES LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Sci & Technol Directorate, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Cardello, AV (reprint author), USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Sci & Technol Directorate, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0887-8250 J9 J SENS STUD JI J. Sens. Stud. PD OCT PY 2005 VL 20 IS 5 BP 469 EP 471 DI 10.1111/j.1745-459X.2005.00040.x PG 3 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 975DC UT WOS:000232640200007 ER PT J AU Gilde, G Patel, P Patterson, P Blodgett, D Duncan, D Hahn, D AF Gilde, G Patel, P Patterson, P Blodgett, D Duncan, D Hahn, D TI Evaluation of hot pressing and hot isostastic pressing parameters on the optical properties of spinel SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article AB The effect of different hot pressing and hot isostatic pressing (HIP) temperatures and pressures on the optical properties of spinel was studied. Extinction coefficients of spinel samples were estimated by comparing the measured transmittance with the theoretical transmittance as calculated via a Sellmeier model. Results showed that the relative size of the scattering sites was large compared with the wavelengths of light (0.35-5.5 mu m). Overall, increasing HIP temperature and pressure resulted in decreasing the optical extinction. The lower of two hot pressing temperatures (1620 degrees vs 1650 degrees C) prior to HIPing resulted in lower scatter coefficients after HIPing; this effect was most significant in the infrared. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. RP Gilde, G (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM ggilde@arl.army.mil NR 7 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 9 U2 18 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD OCT PY 2005 VL 88 IS 10 BP 2747 EP 2751 DI 10.1111/j.1551-291632005.00527.x PG 5 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 964HD UT WOS:000231869100013 ER PT J AU Carter, R Cheuvront, SN Wray, DW Kolka, MA Stephenson, LA Sawka, MN AF Carter, R Cheuvront, SN Wray, DW Kolka, MA Stephenson, LA Sawka, MN TI The influence of hydration status on heart rate variability after exercise heat stress SO JOURNAL OF THERMAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE heart rate variability; autonomic nervous system; exercise; recovery ID RATE RECOVERY; CARDIOVASCULAR CONTROL; AUTONOMIC FUNCTION; MORTALITY; HUMANS; PREDICTOR; WOMEN; REST AB While exercise heat stress and hydration status are known to independently influence heart rate variability (HRV), the combined effect of these physiological stressors is unknown. Thus, heat-acclimated subjects (n = 5) performed exercise heat trials (40 degrees C, 20% relative humidity) in the euhydrated and hypohydrated state (3.9 +/- 0.7% body weight loss). During each trial, cardiac cycle R-R interval data were collected for 45min at rest (pre-) and after (post-) completing 90 min of cycle ergometer exercise. Pre- and post-exercise RRI data were analyzed by Fast Fourier Power Spectral analysis to determine the high-frequency (HF), low-frequency (LF), very low-frequency (VLF), and total power (TP) components of HRV. Overall HRV was decreased by both hypohydration and exercise heat stress. Hypohydration reduced TP, LF, VLF, and LF:HF ratio (P < 0.05) while HF was significantly higher. The change in both LF and HF power (pre- vs. post-exercise) were blunted during hypohydration compared to euhydration. These data suggest that dehydration alone positively influences the parasympathetic (HF) control of HRV, but the reduction in overall HRV and the blunted oscillations in LF and HF power following exercise heat stress support an overall deleterious effect of dehydration on autonomic cardiac stability. (c) Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Med, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Carter, R (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM robert.carter@na.amedd.army.mil NR 31 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 9 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0306-4565 J9 J THERM BIOL JI J. Therm. Biol. PD OCT PY 2005 VL 30 IS 7 BP 495 EP 502 DI 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2005.05.006 PG 8 WC Biology; Zoology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Zoology GA 974VG UT WOS:000232618900001 ER PT J AU Holcomb, JB Salinas, J McManus, JM Miller, CC Cooke, WH Convertino, VA AF Holcomb, JB Salinas, J McManus, JM Miller, CC Cooke, WH Convertino, VA TI Manual vital signs reliably predict need for life-saving interventions in trauma patients SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 18th Annual Meeting of the Eastern-Association-for-the-Surgery-of-Trauma CY JAN 11-15, 2005 CL Ft Lauderdale, FL SP Eastern Assoc Surg Trauma DE trauma; prehospital; triage; hemorrhage; Glasgow coma scale (GCS); life-saving intervention (LSI) ID FIELD TRIAGE; INJURED PATIENTS; RULE; JUDGMENT; CRITERIA; VICTIMS; SYSTEM; SCORE AB Objective: Various types of diagnostic and monitoring techniques are available in the prehospital environment. It is unclear how increasing complexity of diagnostic equipment improves the ability to predict the need for a life-saving intervention (LSI). In this study, we determined whether the addition of diagnostic equipment improved the predictive power of vital signs and scores obtained only by physical examination. Methods: Institutional review board approval was obtained for an analysis of 793 prehospital trauma patient records collected during helicopter transport by Emergency Medical Services personnel. Exclusion of severe head injuries and patients with incomplete data resulted in 381 patients available for analysis. Data sets were classified on the basis of the instrumentation requirements for capturing the given measurements and were defined by three groups: Group 1, vital signs obtained with no equipment (radial, femoral, and carotid pulse character; capillary refill; motor and verbal components of the Glasgow Coma Scale [GCS]); Group 2, Group 1 plus eye component of the GCS and pulse oximetry (Spo(2)); and Group 3, Group 2 plus fully automated noninvasive blood pressure measurements, heart rate, end-tidal carbon dioxide, and respiratory rate. LSIs performed during transport and in the hospital were recorded. Data were analyzed using a multivariate logistic regression model to determine which vital signs were the best predictors of LSI. Results: Radial pulse character and GCS verbal and motor components had the best predictive power for the need of a prehospital LSI in Group 1 (receiver operating characteristic [ROC] curve, 0.97). Radial pulse character together with the eye component of the GCS and the motor component of the GCS provided the best prediction of a need for a prehospital LSI for Group 2 (ROC curve, 0.97). Addition of all supplementary vital signs measured by an automated monitor (Group 3) resulted in an ROC curve of 0.97. Given an abnormal radial pulse character (weak or absent) and abnormal GCS verbal and motor components, the probability of needing an LSI was greater than 88%. Conclusion: In this cohort of patients, predicting the need for an LSI could have been achieved from GCS motor and verbal components and radial pulse character without automated monitors. These data show that simple and rapidly acquired manual measurements could be used to effectively triage non-head-injured trauma casualties. Similar results were obtained from manual measurements compared with those recorded from automated medical instrumentation that may be unavailable or difficult to use in the field. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Houston, TX USA. RP Holcomb, JB (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, Bldg 3611,3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM john.holcomb@amedd.army.mil NR 26 TC 65 Z9 67 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3261 USA SN 1079-6061 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD OCT PY 2005 VL 59 IS 4 BP 821 EP 828 DI 10.1097/01.ta.0000188125.44129.7c PG 8 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 001DN UT WOS:000234513900004 PM 16374268 ER PT J AU Acheson, EM Kheirabadi, BS Deguzman, R Dick, EJ Holcomb, JB AF Acheson, EM Kheirabadi, BS Deguzman, R Dick, EJ Holcomb, JB TI Comparison of hemorrhage control agents applied to lethal extremity arterial hemorrhages in swine SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 18th Annual Meeting of the Eastern-Association-for-the-Surgery-of-Trauma CY JAN 11-15, 2005 CL Ft Lauderdale, FL SP Eastern Assoc Surg Trauma ID FIBRIN SEALANT DRESSINGS; COMBAT CASUALTY CARE; REDUCE BLOOD-LOSS; V LIVER-INJURIES; HEMOSTATIC AGENT; VENOUS HEMORRHAGE; HEPATIC-INJURY; AORTIC INJURY; GROIN INJURY; MODEL AB Background: QuikClot powder (QC), chitosan dressing (CD), and fibrin sealant dressing (FSD) are new hemostatic products touted to be more effective in controlling severe extremity bleeding than the current standard gauze dressing. All have been utilized in the global war on terrorism. Our objective was to evaluate the hemostatic efficacy of these three products in a model of severe extremity arterial hemorrhage that could not be stopped by standard gauze treatment. Methods: A model of severe extremity arterial hemorrhage was developed in swine that was 100% fatal with standard gauze application and manual compression. The Army Field Bandage (AFB) was the standard gauze control. Anesthetized animals (n = 60, 15/group, 37.7 +/- 2.5 kg) were splenectomized and instrumented. A reproducible femoral artery injury was created using a 6 mm aortic punch, and free bleeding was allowed for 45 seconds. Each hemostatic agent was applied twice with three-minute compressions. All products were applied on actively bleeding wounds through a pool of blood. Fluid resuscitation was started with the first compression and titrated to a mean pressure of 65 mm Hg. Animals were observed for 180 minutes or until death. Endpoints were percent survival, survival time, blood loss, resuscitation volume, wound temperatures and tissue histology. Data are expressed as mean +/- SD and analyzed by Fisher's exact, logrank, and nonparametric ANOVA tests. Results: Baseline physiologic parameters were similar among groups. AFB did not produce bemostasis. QC also showed no hemostatic benefit, and QC treatment markedly increased maximum wound temperatures to an average of 70.8 +/- 14.2 C (p < 0.001). CD stopped bleeding temporarily in only one animal. There were no survivors in the AFB, QC, or CD groups. CD numerically prolonged survival time (58.9 +/- 21.1 minute) compared with the control (38.4 +/- 24.7 minutes,p = 0.045) but the difference was not significant. FSD reduced bleeding (p < 0.05) and prevented exsanguination in 10/15 (2/3) animals, and resulted in a significantly longer average survival time (p < 0.0001). Conclusion: FSD was superior to other currently utilized hemostatic products in controlling lethal arterial hemorrhage in this model of a fatal extremity wound. CD showed some hemostatic benefit. The exothermic reaction of QC was significant and resulted in gross and histologic tissue changes of unknown clinical significance. Controlled human studies with the promising products are required. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Acheson, EM (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM eric.acheson@amedd.army.mil NR 27 TC 87 Z9 91 U1 0 U2 10 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3261 USA SN 1079-6061 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD OCT PY 2005 VL 59 IS 4 BP 865 EP 874 DI 10.1097/01.ta.0000187655.63698.9f PG 10 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 001DN UT WOS:000234513900015 PM 16374275 ER PT J AU Holcomb, JB AF Holcomb, JB TI The 2004 Fitts lecture: Current perspective on combat casualty care SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Editorial Material ID FLUID RESUSCITATION; TRAUMA CENTER; INJURY; ARMY; SOMALIA; DEATHS; AGENTS; SWINE; WAR C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Holcomb, JB (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM John.Holcomb@CEN.MEDD.ARMY.MIL NR 42 TC 48 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3261 USA SN 1079-6061 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD OCT PY 2005 VL 59 IS 4 BP 990 EP 1002 DI 10.1097/01.ta.0000188010.65920.26 PG 13 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 001DN UT WOS:000234513900042 PM 16374293 ER PT J AU Novak, TE Lakshmanan, Y Frimberger, D Epstein, JI Gearhart, JP AF Novak, TE Lakshmanan, Y Frimberger, D Epstein, JI Gearhart, JP TI Polyps in the exstrophic bladder. A cause for concern? SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the European-Society-Pediatric-Urology/American-Academy-of-Pediatrics CY JUN, 2005 CL Uppsala, SWEDEN SP European Soc Pediat Urol, Amer Acad Pediat DE bladder exstrophy; polyps; cystitis ID CYSTITIS GLANDULARIS; PRIMARY CLOSURE; ADENOCARCINOMA; METAPLASIA; NEOPLASIA; NESTS AB Purpose: The role of environmental injury in carcinogenesis is widely recognized. Malignancy in exstrophic bladders has been reported most frequently in untreated adults and those undergoing surgical treatments which involve the mixing of fecal and urinary streams. The question of whether the closed exstrophic bladder has a similar potential for malignancy has not been resolved. The polypoid appearance of the exstrophic bladder template raises the concern of premalignant lesions. We characterized the histology of these lesions and analyzed their microscopic features with particular reference to predisposition for dysplasia. In doing so, we attempt to address the aforementioned question and set the stage for definitive quantification of the risk of malignancy in these patients with careful, long-term followup. Materials and Methods: Under institutional board review, the slides of 38 patients with classic bladder exstrophy who had polyps excised at the time of closure were reviewed by a single genitourinary pathologist (JIE). The most common findings were reported for polyps resected at primary and secondary closure, respectively, and a comparative analysis was performed. Results: Of the 38 cases 24 were primary closures and 14 were secondary closures. Six of the primary closures were delayed by 6 weeks or greater. The 2 basic types of polyps observed were fibrotic and edematous. Both types were associated with overlying reactive squamous metaplasia in approximately 50% of cases. Varying degrees of fixed on file Brunn's nests, cystitis cystica and cystitis glandularis were noted. Cystitis glandularis was observed in a significantly greater percentage of secondary closures (p = 0.0014). Conclusions: Although no dysplasia was noted, cystitis glandularis is associated with the development of adenocarcinoma of the bladder. The finding of cystitis glandularis suggests a more severe epithelial injury and it follows that the significant majority of these cases (10 of 14, 71.4%) were observed with polyps resected during secondary closure. These patients warrant future surveillance with urine cytology and cystoscopy as they enter adult life. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Urol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ Hosp, Dept Pathol, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ Hosp, James Buchanan Brady Urol Inst, Div Pediat Urol, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. RP Novak, TE (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Urol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 22 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3261 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD OCT PY 2005 VL 174 IS 4 BP 1522 EP 1526 DI 10.1097/01.ju.0000179240.25781.1b PN 2 PG 5 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 963UL UT WOS:000231831500006 PM 16148644 ER PT J AU Lee, BB AF Lee, BB TI Regarding "Noncontrast three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging vs lymphoscintigraphy in the evaluation of lymph circulation disorders: A comparative study" SO JOURNAL OF VASCULAR SURGERY LA English DT Letter ID CONTEMPORARY DIAGNOSIS; MALFORMATION C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Lee, BB (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0741-5214 J9 J VASC SURG JI J. Vasc. Surg. PD OCT PY 2005 VL 42 IS 4 BP 821 EP 821 DI 10.1016/j.jvs.2005.04.053 PG 1 WC Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 974RO UT WOS:000232609300041 PM 16242578 ER PT J AU Yang, G Pevear, DC Davies, MH Collett, MS Bailey, T Rippen, S Barone, L Burns, C Rhodes, G Tohan, S Huggins, JW Baker, RO Buller, RLM Touchette, E Waller, K Schriewer, J Neyts, J DeClercq, E Jones, K Hruby, D Jordan, R AF Yang, G Pevear, DC Davies, MH Collett, MS Bailey, T Rippen, S Barone, L Burns, C Rhodes, G Tohan, S Huggins, JW Baker, RO Buller, RLM Touchette, E Waller, K Schriewer, J Neyts, J DeClercq, E Jones, K Hruby, D Jordan, R TI An orally bioavailable antipoxvirus compound (ST-246) inhibits extracellular virus formation and protects mice from lethal orthopoxvirus challenge SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID ENVELOPED VACCINIA VIRUS; F13L PROTEIN; IN-VITRO; ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY; PHOSPHOLIPASE-D; DNA-POLYMERASE; CIDOFOVIR; INFECTIONS; EFFICACY; RELEASE AB ST-246 is a low-molecular-weight compound (molecular weight = 376), that is potent (concentration that inhibited virus replication by 50% = 0.010 mu M), selective (concentration of compound that inhibited cell viability by 50% = > 40 mu M), and active against multiple orthopoxviruses, including vaccinia, monkeypox, camelpox, cowpox, ectromelia (mousepox), and variola viruses. Cowpox virus variants selected in cell culture for resistance to ST-246 were found to have a single amino acid change in the V061 gene. Reengineering this change back into the wild-type cowpox virus genome conferred resistance to ST-246, suggesting that V061 is the target of ST-246 antiviral activity. The cowpox virus V061 gene is homologous to vaccinia virus F13L, which encodes a major envelope protein (p37) required for production of extracellular virus. In cell culture, ST-246 inhibited plaque formation and virus-induced cytopathic effects. In single-cycle growth assays, ST-246 reduced extracellular virus formation by 10 fold relative to untreated controls, while having little effect on the production of intracellular virus. In vivo oral administration of ST-246 protected BALB/c mice from lethal infection, following intranasal inoculation with 10x 50% lethal dose (LD50) of vaccinia virus strain IHD-J. ST-246-treated mice that survived infection acquired protective immunity and were resistant to subsequent challenge with a lethal dose (10x LD50) of vaccinia virus. Orally administered ST-246 also protected A/NCr mice from lethal infection, following intranasal inoculation with 40,000x LD50 of ectromelia virus. Infectious virus titers at day 8 postinfection in liver, spleen, and lung from ST-246-treated animals were below the limits of detection (< 10 PFU/ml). In contrast, mean virus titers in liver, spleen, and lung tissues from placebo-treated mice were 6.2 x 10(7) 5.2 x 10(7), and 1.8 x 10(5) PFU/ml, respectively. Finally, oral administration of ST-246 inhibited vaccinia virus-induced tail lesions in Naval Medical Research Institute mice inoculated via the tail vein. Taken together, these results validate F13L as an antiviral target and demonstrate that an inhibitor of extracellular virus formation can protect mice from orthopoxvirus-induced disease. C1 SIGA Technol Inc, Corvallis, OR USA. Katholieke Univ Leuven, Rega Inst Med Res, Louvain, Belgium. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD USA. St Louis Univ, St Louis, MO 63103 USA. ViroPharma Inc, Exton, PA USA. RP Jordan, R (reprint author), SIGA Technol Inc, Corvallis, OR USA. EM rjordan@sgph.com FU NIAID NIH HHS [R44 AI056409, 1 R43 AI056409-01, N01-AI-15436, N01AI15436, R43 AI056409, R44 AI056409-02] NR 43 TC 173 Z9 183 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD OCT PY 2005 VL 79 IS 20 BP 13139 EP 13149 DI 10.1128/JVI.79.20.13139-13149.2005 PG 11 WC Virology SC Virology GA 969OI UT WOS:000232243200053 PM 16189015 ER PT J AU Hock, V Cooper, S VanBlaricum, V Kleinschmidt, J Ginsberg, M Lory, E AF Hock, V Cooper, S VanBlaricum, V Kleinschmidt, J Ginsberg, M Lory, E TI Waterborne CBR agent building protection SO MATERIALS PERFORMANCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Corrosion 2004 Meeting CY MAR, 2004 CL New Orleans, LA AB The contamination of potable water by chemical, biological, and radiological (CBR) agents could cause great damage to human health and major disruption to the lives of those dependent on safe water. CBR agent detection, identification, and elimination are of the utmost importance in securing the safety of our water supplies. This article summarizes various CBR threats, design priorities for protection, treatment methods, and response strategies. It also describes the recent development of control systems and test apparatus to assist in modeling the fate and trans port of CBR agents. C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Construct Engn Res Lab ERDC, Champaign, IL 61822 USA. Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Naval Facilities Engn Serv Ctr, Port Hueneme, CA 93043 USA. RP Hock, V (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Construct Engn Res Lab ERDC, 2902 Farber Dr, Champaign, IL 61822 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ASSN CORROSION ENG PI HOUSTON PA 1440 SOUTH CREEK DRIVE, HOUSTON, TX 77084-4906 USA SN 0094-1492 J9 MATER PERFORMANCE JI Mater. Perform. PD OCT PY 2005 VL 44 IS 10 BP 40 EP 45 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA 974TY UT WOS:000232615500017 ER PT J AU Tunick, A AF Tunick, A TI Toward increasing the accuracy and realism of future optical turbulence calculations SO METEOROLOGY AND ATMOSPHERIC PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID INDEX STRUCTURE PARAMETER; REFRACTIVE-INDEX; LASER-BEAM; MICROMETEOROLOGICAL INFLUENCES; ATMOSPHERIC-TURBULENCE; SCINTILLATION; FLUCTUATIONS; PROPAGATION; MODEL; CN2 AB Due to the increased use of laser and ground-to-satellite communications the need for reliable optical turbulence information is growing. Optical turbulence information is important because it describes an atmospheric effect that can degrade the performance of electromagnetic systems and sensors, e.g., free-space optical communications and infrared imaging. However, analysis of selected past research indicates that there are some areas (i.e., data and models) in which optical turbulence information is lacking. For example, line-of-sight optical turbulence data coupled with atmospheric models in hilly terrain, coastal areas, and within cities are few in number or non-existent. In addition, the bulk of existing atmospheric computer models being used to provide estimates of optical turbulence are basically one-dimensional in nature and assume uniform turbulence conditions over large areas. As a result, current optical turbulence theory and models may be deficient and in error for inhomogeneous (nonuniform) turbulence conditions, such as those that occur in urban environments or environments with changing topography and energy budgets. While it is anticipated that theoretical advances in environmental physics (and like disciplines) will be a catalyst for much new work this area, in the interim, we suggest that some very practical computational research can be performed to extend existing low-atmospheric turbulence and micrometeorological calculations beyond current limitations. C1 USA, Res Lab, Computat & Informat Sci Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Tunick, A (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Computat & Informat Sci Directorate, Attn AMSRD ARL CI EE,2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 32 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 5 PU SPRINGER WIEN PI VIENNA PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0177-7971 J9 METEOROL ATMOS PHYS JI Meteorol. Atmos. Phys. PD OCT PY 2005 VL 90 IS 3-4 BP 159 EP 164 DI 10.1007/s00703-004-0091-x PG 6 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 977HR UT WOS:000232794500003 ER PT J AU De Lorenzo, RA AF De Lorenzo, RA TI How shall we train? SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID TRAUMA LIFE-SUPPORT; EMERGENCY PHYSICIANS; INTERNAL-MEDICINE; CASUALTY CARE; COMBAT MEDICS; MILITARY; OPERATIONS; EDUCATION; ARMY; SIMULATION AB The prosecution of modern war and the competing missions of peacekeeping, humanitarian missions, and beneficiary care place great demands on the military medical system. Meeting the military medical training challenges of the new millennium requires the best trained and most experienced medical personnel possible. Various strategies for initial and sustainment (continuing) medical training are available to ensure that the medical force is ready for the next mission. Accredited programs both in and out of the military are the mainstay of training for both enlisted personnel and officers, with professional certification serving as the standard for competency. Clinical sustainment training can take place in military medical treatment facilities, civilian institutions, or a combination of the two. When direct patient care opportunities cannot provide the proper mixture of experiences to maintain certain skills, short courses, distance education, and patient simulators can play important roles. Because each training strategy offers certain advantages in different settings, it is likely that military medical departments will need to use all of them. An optimal training environment benefits from all strategies used, in combination or separately. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, San ANtonio Uniformed Serv Hlth Educ Consortium, Dept Emergency Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP De Lorenzo, RA (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, San ANtonio Uniformed Serv Hlth Educ Consortium, Dept Emergency Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 62 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 3 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD OCT PY 2005 VL 170 IS 10 BP 824 EP 830 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019JR UT WOS:000235831900003 PM 16435752 ER PT J AU Debboun, M Burge, R Klun, JA Lee, HC Kim, HC Klein, TA AF Debboun, M Burge, R Klun, JA Lee, HC Kim, HC Klein, TA TI Field-user acceptability of new camouflage face paint formulations in the Republic of Korea SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB New formulations of camouflage face paint (CFP), one with 30% N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (DEET) and the other without DEET, were evaluated for soldier-user acceptability during a military field-training exercise in the Republic of Korea. Soldiers testing the CFP formulations were members of one of four U.S. Army infantry companies (A, B, C, or D). The formulations were evaluated while soldiers participated in simulated combat exercises for 5 days during hot, humid summer weather in Korea. Results showed that soldiers found both of the new formulations easier to apply (91.3% of respondents who used CFP without DEET and 87.9% of respondents who used CFP with DEET) and remove (82.6% without DEET and 81.2% with DEET) than the previous standard military-issue CFP. Soldier acceptability was higher for the new CFP formulation with 30% DEET (70.5%) than for the formulation without 30% DEET (52.9%). Soldiers recommended it more frequently (70.5%) than the formulation without 30% DEET (50.0%). The new CFP formulation with 30% DEET was rated more often (79.5%) as either good or excellent than the new formulation without 30% DEET (67.4%). Soldiers reported that the CFP formulation with 30% DEET more successfully camouflaged the face (92.7%) than the formulation without 30% DEET (80.0%). C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Biometr, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. ARS, Chem Affecting Insect Behav Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. Med Command 18th, Unit 15247, APO, AP 96205 USA. RP Debboun, M (reprint author), USA, Med Dept Ctr & Sch, Med Zool Branch, Acad Hlth Sci, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM mustapha.debboun@us.army.mil NR 20 TC 1 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD OCT PY 2005 VL 170 IS 10 BP 831 EP 835 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019JR UT WOS:000235831900004 PM 16435753 ER PT J AU Sigrist, LD Anderson, JE Auld, GW AF Sigrist, LD Anderson, JE Auld, GW TI Senior military officers' educational concerns, motivators and barriers for healthful eating and regular exercise SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID DISEASE RISK-FACTORS; PHYSICAL-FITNESS; UNITED-STATES; OBESITY; FRUIT; PREVALENCE; COSTS AB The increasing trend of overweight in the military, the high cost of health care associated with overweight, and the failure to meet some Healthy People 2000 objectives related to diet identify the need for more appropriate nutrition and fitness education for military personnel. The purpose of this study was to assess senior military officers' concerns on various health topics, educational preferences for nutrition and health topics, eating habits, and barriers and motivators for eating healthfully and exercising regularly. The survey was completed by 52 resident students at the U.S. Army War College. Fitness, weight, and blood cholesterol were top health concerns, and respondents wanted to know more about eating healthfully on the run. The primary barrier to eating healthfully and exercising regularly was lack of time, whereas health and appearance were top motivators. Health interventions for this population should include their topics of concern and should address perceived barriers and motivators. C1 Colorado State Univ, Dept Food Sci & Human Nutr, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Sigrist, LD (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 25 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 3 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD OCT PY 2005 VL 170 IS 10 BP 841 EP 845 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019JR UT WOS:000235831900006 PM 16435755 ER PT J AU Allison-Aipa, TS De la Rosa, GM Stetz, MC Castro, CA AF Allison-Aipa, TS De la Rosa, GM Stetz, MC Castro, CA TI The impact of National Guard activation for homeland defense: Employers' perspective SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 112th Annual Convention of the American-Psychological-Association CY JUL 28-AUG 01, 2004 CL Honolulu, HI SP Amer Psychol Assoc ID REENLISTMENT; ARMY AB Data gathered from a study of reserve component (RC) soldiers who were activated during the spring of 2002, following the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, suggested that they were concerned about how the effects of their activation affected their civilian employment. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to obtain this information from the civilian employers of these RC soldiers. Most civilian employers who participated in this study (N = 28) were male (89%) and working in law enforcement (39%). Fifty-six percent of employers gave consent to be interviewed by telephone. Although supervisors reported difficulties in several areas of operation and aspects of the RC activation, they still supported the activation of their RC employees and their military mission. This study is a significant start to illuminating the important roles that both RC employees and their civilian employers play in homeland defense. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. USA, Med Res & Mat Command, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Allison-Aipa, TS (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD OCT PY 2005 VL 170 IS 10 BP 846 EP 850 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019JR UT WOS:000235831900007 PM 16435756 ER PT J AU Schwartz, J AF Schwartz, J TI The balanced scorecard versus total quality management: Which is better for your organization? SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CARE AB Today's health care organizations must deal with managed care, government oversight, aging baby boomers, new technologies, and increasing pharmaceutical prices. It is imperative that health care organizations adopt some form of business strategy to manage the vast amount of information available. Two of the more popular strategies among health care organizations are the Balanced Scorecard and Total quality Management. Which one of the strategies is best for an organization? The answer to this question is that it depends on the organization. This article provides the fundamentals of each strategy and contrasts their strengths and weaknesses, so that interested organizations can make informed decisions regarding the best strategy for each organization. C1 USA, Med Serv, San Antonio, TX 78247 USA. RP Schwartz, J (reprint author), USA, Med Serv, San Antonio, TX 78247 USA. NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 7 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD OCT PY 2005 VL 170 IS 10 BP 855 EP 858 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019JR UT WOS:000235831900009 PM 16435758 ER PT J AU Wansink, B Cardello, A North, J AF Wansink, B Cardello, A North, J TI Fluid consumption and the potential role of canteen shape in minimizing dehydration SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID COGNITIVE FUNCTION; HEAT-STRESS; VOLUME; USAGE AB Hypohydration can unknowingly occur in military personnel during exertion, especially in the heat. Such dehydration can impair cognitive and physical performance. Some portion of exercise-induced dehydration may be offset by changing the perceptual biases of soldiers when filling and drinking from canteens. Using comparably sized water bottles, we investigated this perceptual bias with 50 Army and Marine ROTC students by showing that those given short, wide, clear water bottles poured and drank more water than those given taller bottles that held the same volume. Even although those given short, wide water bottles poured 38% more water, they did not perceive themselves as having poured or drunk more. The implications for decreasing dehydration in the field and in garrison are discussed. C1 Univ Illinois, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Wansink, B (reprint author), Univ Illinois, 350 Wohlers Hall, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. EM Wansink@Cornell.edu; armand.cardello@natick.army.mil; JNorth@uiuc.edu RI Wansink, Brian/G-1219-2011; Wansink, Brian/G-4284-2010 NR 16 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD OCT PY 2005 VL 170 IS 10 BP 871 EP 873 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019JR UT WOS:000235831900013 PM 16435762 ER PT J AU Champagne, V Helfritch, D Leyman, P Lempicki, R Grendahl, S AF Champagne, V Helfritch, D Leyman, P Lempicki, R Grendahl, S TI The effects of gas and metal characteristics on sprayed metal coatings SO MODELLING AND SIMULATION IN MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article AB Supersonic particle deposition (also known as cold spray) is a surface coating process whereby metal particles are accelerated to supersonic speeds while entrained in nozzle gas flow and are subsequently deposited by impact onto a surface. Particle velocity is critical for optimal deposition efficiency and coating quality, and several parameters, including gas conditions, particle characteristics and nozzle geometry affect particle velocity. This study investigates the relationship between particle velocity and coating quality and investigates how nozzle design influences particle velocity. Performance is described through modelling and verified by direct velocity measurements. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRD, ARL WM MC, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Champagne, V (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRD, ARL WM MC, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 10 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0965-0393 J9 MODEL SIMUL MATER SC JI Model. Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng. PD OCT PY 2005 VL 13 IS 7 BP 1119 EP 1128 DI 10.1088/0965-0393/13/7/008 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 983IK UT WOS:000233224700008 ER PT J AU Aitichou, M Javorschi, S Ibrahim, MS AF Aitichou, M Javorschi, S Ibrahim, MS TI Two-color multiplex assay for the identification of orthopox viruses with real-time LUX-PCR SO MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR PROBES LA English DT Article DE orthopoxvirus; LUX-PCR; real-time PCR; multiplex assay ID HUMAN MONKEYPOX; SMALLPOX-VIRUS; ROCHE LIGHTCYCLER; INFECTION; OUTBREAK; DNA; TRANSMISSION; CONGO AB The LUX(TM) [Light Upon eXtension] is a real-time detection system that can be used for the detection and quantification of pathogens nucleic acids. In this study we used a universal LUX(TM) approach, a variation of the LUX(TM) detection system, for identifying Orthopoxvirus nucleic acids in real time. This approach enables the design of sequence-specific primer sets in high identity genome sequences. The assay described here is designed to allow simultaneous detection of Variola and other orthopox viruses in a multiplex format, with a limit of detection in the range of 50-100 copies of the Orthopoxvirus genome. Regression analysis showed that the assay was linear over seven orders of magnitude, with 0.97 con-elation coefficient. The sensitivity and specificity of the assay, as determined from a panel of 100 samples that contained nucleic acids from a variety of bacteria and viral species, were rated at 98%. Thus, the assay offers a sensitive and specific tool for simultaneous identification and quantification of Variola and other orthopox viruses, and the approach allows more flexible sequence-specific primers design for pox viruses as well as other microbial pathogens. (C) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, SAMRIID, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Invitrogen Corp, Carlsbad, CA USA. RP Aitichou, M (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, SAMRIID, Div Virol, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM mohamed.aitichou@det.amedd.army.mil NR 22 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0890-8508 J9 MOL CELL PROBE JI Mol. Cell. Probes PD OCT PY 2005 VL 19 IS 5 BP 323 EP 328 DI 10.1016/j.mcp.2005.05.003 PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology GA 969QB UT WOS:000232248400004 PM 16023830 ER PT J AU Paranavitana, CA Zelazowska, E Das, R Izadjoo, M Jett, M Hoover, D AF Paranavitana, CA Zelazowska, E Das, R Izadjoo, M Jett, M Hoover, D TI Identification of novel genes in the memory response to Brucella infection by cDNA arrays SO MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR PROBES LA English DT Article DE Brucella; mouse spleen cells; memory response; micro array gene expression; real time PCR ID GENOMIC-SCALE ANALYSIS; REGULATORY FACTOR-I; INTERFERON-GAMMA; T-CELLS; ABORTUS INFECTION; DEFICIENT MICE; IL-2 RECEPTOR; BALB/C MICE; EXPRESSION; LYMPHOCYTES AB This study investigated memory responses in immune mice spleen cells to brucellosis by gene expression utilizing cDNA micro arrays. Out of a total of 1176 cDNA's 21 genes were differentially regulated in three independent experiments, and generally supported a Th1 type immune response. 10 genes were validated by real time PCR, and 3 genes (CD86, CD40L and CD132) were also analyzed by Flow Cytometry for surface protein expression. We extended these findings by studying the expression of five selected genes (IRF1, SOCS1, IL2R, IRF7, and CXCR4) in two independent groups of Brucella immunized mice. In this study we show the potential application of utilizing gene arrays to identify and establish new correlates of protection against a cell mediated immune response. (C) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Bacterial Dis, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Mol Pathol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Paranavitana, CA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Bacterial Dis, Bldg 503,Forest Glen, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM chrysanthi.paranvitana@na.amedd.army.mil NR 33 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0890-8508 J9 MOL CELL PROBE JI Mol. Cell. Probes PD OCT PY 2005 VL 19 IS 5 BP 341 EP 348 DI 10.1016/j.mcp.2005.06.009 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology GA 969QB UT WOS:000232248400007 PM 16146685 ER PT J AU DeBerardino, TM AF DeBerardino, TM TI Arthroscopic stabilization of the acute, first-time shoulder dislocation SO OPERATIVE TECHNIQUES IN SPORTS MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE shoulder dislocation; arthroscopic repair; Bankart; capsulorraphy; labral repair ID TRAUMATIC ANTERIOR DISLOCATIONS; NONOPERATIVE TREATMENT; REPAIR AB Arthroscopic management for shoulder instability has gained wider acceptance among both patients and orthopedic surgeons during the past 15 years. Advances in surgical instrumentation allow the surgeon to perform essentially the same repair, whether accomplished through the arthroscope or via a deltopectoral incision. An acute, initial traumatic anterior shoulder dislocation sustained by a young adult provides the optimal situation to repair both the pathologic Bankart lesion and minimize the development of secondary joint pathology that comes with recurrent instability. The author's preferred arthroscopic technique using nonmetallic anchors and permanent sutures is described. This technique stresses the low morbidity of the approach and the reestablishment of the anatomic repair of the Bankart lesion and any concomitant pathology noted at arthroscopy. C1 Keller Army Hosp, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP DeBerardino, TM (reprint author), Keller Army Hosp, 900 Washington Rd, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM thomas.deberardino@ni.anicdd.army.mil OI DeBerardino, Thomas/0000-0002-7110-8743 NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 1060-1872 J9 OPER TECHN SPORT MED JI Oper. Tech. Sports Med. PD OCT PY 2005 VL 13 IS 4 BP 185 EP 188 DI 10.1053/j.otsm.2006.01.003 PG 4 WC Sport Sciences; Surgery SC Sport Sciences; Surgery GA 034AA UT WOS:000236895100003 ER PT J AU DeBerardino, TM AF DeBerardino, TM TI Arthroscopically assisted meniscal allograft transplantation SO OPERATIVE TECHNIQUES IN SPORTS MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE meniscus; meniscal allograft transplantation; arthroscopic technique ID FOLLOW-UP; KNEE AB Meniscal allograft transplantation (MAT) is performed in the United States in ever-increasing numbers. Various techniques have been described since the initial transplantation was performed more then 20 years ago. Decreased pain and improved knee function are attainable with proper patient selection, identification, and correction of all concomitant malalignment and instability, and intervention earlier in the disease process. This article reviews the indications for MAT and offers a basic treatment algorithm for managing concomitant cartilage lesions, instability, and misalignment. The author's preferred arthroscopic technique using individual bone plugs for both medial and lateral MAT and fresh-frozen allograft is described. This technique stresses the low morbidity of the approach and the re-establishment of the anatomic bony attachments of the anterior and posterior horns of the meniscus. C1 Keller Army Hosp, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP DeBerardino, TM (reprint author), Keller Army Hosp, 900 Washington Rd, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM thomas.deberardino@na.amedd.army.mil OI DeBerardino, Thomas/0000-0002-7110-8743 NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 1060-1872 J9 OPER TECHN SPORT MED JI Oper. Tech. Sports Med. PD OCT PY 2005 VL 13 IS 4 BP 227 EP 232 DI 10.1053/j.otsm.2006.01.006 PG 6 WC Sport Sciences; Surgery SC Sport Sciences; Surgery GA 034AA UT WOS:000236895100009 ER PT J AU Thach, AB Ward, TP Dick, JSB Bauman, WC Madigan, WP Goff, MJ Thordsen, JE AF Thach, AB Ward, TP Dick, JSB Bauman, WC Madigan, WP Goff, MJ Thordsen, JE TI Intraocular foreign body injuries during operation Iraqi freedom SO OPHTHALMOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 108th Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Ophthalmology CY OCT 23-26, 2004 CL New Orleans, LA SP Amer Acad Ophthalmol ID PROGNOSTIC-FACTORS; OCULAR INJURIES; DESERT-SHIELD; LATE REMOVAL; BODIES; ENDOPHTHALMITIS; MANAGEMENT; MILITARY; STORM AB Objective: To evaluate the number of intraocular foreign body (IOFB) injuries that occurred in Operation Iraqi Freedom, and to determine the cause of injury, the type of foreign body, and the associated injuries to other body systems. Design: Retrospective, noncomparative, interventional case series. Participants: Fifty-five United States military personnel with an IOFB injury during Operation Iraqi Freedom. Intervention: Pars plana vitrectomy, foreign body removal, and additional surgical procedures as the clinical situation dictated. Main Outcome Measures: Cause of injury, size of corneal/scleral laceration, number of foreign bodies, type of foreign body, time to foreign body removal, visual acuity, number of enucleations, and injuries to other body systems. Results: The foreign body was caused by a propelled explosive in 20 patients (36%) and a nonpropelled explosive in 31 patients (56%), and the cause of the foreign body was not known in 4 patients (7%). The size of the laceration of the cornea and/or sclera averaged 5.4 mm (range, 0.2-18). There were an average of 1.7 foreign bodies in the injured eye (range, 1-6). The size of those foreign bodies measured ranged from <1 mm to 12 X 14 mm. The most common type of foreign body was metal (68%), followed by glass (14%), stone/cement (14%), bone (5%), and cilia (3%). The time from injury to foreign body removal averaged 20.6 days (range, 0-90). No cases of endophthalmitis were seen. The most common associated injury was to the upper extremity, face, lower extremity, and neck. Conclusions: Unlike trauma in the civilian sector, IOFB injuries in a military setting tend to be caused by explosive devices, which often result in multiple foreign bodies and simultaneous injuries to other body systems. Because of the lack of availability of specialty care in the combat theater, there is often a delay in removal of the foreign body. (c) 2005 by the American Academy of Ophthalmology. C1 Retia Consultants Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89144 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Div Ophthalmol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ophthalmol Serv, San Antonio, TX USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Ophthalmol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Thach, AB (reprint author), Retia Consultants Nevada, 653 N Town Ctr Dr 518, Las Vegas, NV 89144 USA. NR 14 TC 33 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0161-6420 J9 OPHTHALMOLOGY JI Ophthalmology PD OCT PY 2005 VL 112 IS 10 BP 1829 EP 1833 DI 10.1016/j.ophtha.2005.04.024 PG 5 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 970IS UT WOS:000232299200027 PM 16095702 ER PT J AU Chen, G Bliese, PD Mathieu, JE AF Chen, G Bliese, PD Mathieu, JE TI Conceptual framework and statistical procedures for delineating and testing multilevel theories of homology SO ORGANIZATIONAL RESEARCH METHODS LA English DT Article DE multilevel; homology; validation ID SELF-EFFICACY; ORGANIZATIONAL-BEHAVIOR; TEAM EFFECTIVENESS; GROUP-PERFORMANCE; INDIVIDUAL-LEVEL; GOAL ORIENTATION; LINEAR-MODELS; ABILITY; METAANALYSIS; COEFFICIENTS AB Scholars have been interested in the extent to which organizational phenomena generalize across levels of analysis for quite some time. However theoretical frameworks for developing homologous multilevel theories (i.e., theories involving parallel relationships between parallel constructs at different levels of analysis) have yet to be developed, and current analytical tools for testing such theories and models are limited and inflexible. In this article, the authors first propose a typology of multilevel theories of homology that considers different stages of theory development and different levels of similarity in relationships across levels. Building on cross-validation principles, the authors then delineate and demonstrate a comprehensive and flexible statistical procedure for testing different multilevel theories of homology. Finally, the authors discuss implications for theory, research, and practice, as well as potential caveats of the new statistical tests. C1 Texas A&M Univ, Mays Business Sch, Dept Management, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. USA, Res Unit Europe, APO, AE 09042 USA. Univ Connecticut, Sch Business, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. RP Chen, G (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Mays Business Sch, Dept Management, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. NR 83 TC 129 Z9 131 U1 3 U2 42 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1094-4281 J9 ORGAN RES METHODS JI Organ. Res. Methods PD OCT PY 2005 VL 8 IS 4 BP 375 EP 409 DI 10.1177/1094428105280056 PG 35 WC Psychology, Applied; Management SC Psychology; Business & Economics GA 967RB UT WOS:000232107800002 ER PT J AU Chance, JR Kragh, JF Agrawal, CM Basamania, CJ AF Chance, JR Kragh, JF Agrawal, CM Basamania, CJ TI Pullout forces of sutures in muscle lacerations SO ORTHOPEDICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Orthopedic-Surgeons CY MAR 22, 2001 CL San Francisco, CA SP Amer Acad Orthoped Surg ID TRAUMATIC CLOSED TRANSECTION; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; BICEPS-BRACHII; HEALING-PROCESS; INJURIES; IMMOBILIZATION; REGENERATION; REPAIR; RATS AB The purpose of this study was to determine if complex Suture techniques had higher pullout forces from muscle tissue than conventional stitching. Using transected cadaver muscle bellies, we performed repairs with various suture techniques and measured pullout forces. Epimyseal repair with conventional stitches (Kessler, figure eight, horizontal mattress) was inferior to complex stitches (modified Mason-Allen, perimeter). The combined complex stitches (perimeter and Mason-Allen) were strongest. Conventional stitches failed longitudinally through the muscle, whereas complex stitches failed transversely across the muscle. The complex combination of perimeter and Mason-Allen stitches had superior pullout resistance compared to conventional stitches. C1 Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Div Orthoped Surg, Durham, NC 27710 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Orthopaed Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Basamania, CJ (reprint author), Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Div Orthoped Surg, DUMC 3531, Durham, NC 27710 USA. NR 25 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0147-7447 J9 ORTHOPEDICS JI Orthopedics PD OCT PY 2005 VL 28 IS 10 BP 1187 EP 1190 PG 4 WC Orthopedics SC Orthopedics GA 972NJ UT WOS:000232460200012 PM 16237883 ER PT J AU Xydakis, MS Fravell, MD Nasser, KE Casler, JD AF Xydakis, MS Fravell, MD Nasser, KE Casler, JD TI Analysis of battlefield head and neck injuries in Iraq and Afghanistan SO OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 108th Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Otolaryngology-Head-and-Neck-Surgery CY SEP 19-22, 2004 CL New York, NY SP Amer Acad Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg ID BLAST AB OBJECTIVE: At the time of this study, the 1st place that an injured or ill American soldier in Iraq or Afghanistan would have been evaluated by an ENT-head and neck surgeon was at a tertiary care medical center as a result of air evacuation out of theater: Landstuhl Regional Medical Center (LRMC), Ramstein, Germany. By examining the ENT-related diagnoses of all air evacuations from downrange, we were able to match the patients classified as having battle injuries to determine the percentage with head and neck trauma. STUDY DESIGN: A prospective review of 11,287 soldiers air-evacuated from Afghanistan and Iraq, representing the 1st year of combat operations. A new, computerized patient-tracking system was created by our team to merge several disparate databases to generate and compile our data. RESULTS: The ENT-head and neck surgery department evaluated and primarily managed 8.7% of all patients evacuated out of theater by air to Germany. Other medical and surgical services managed 7.3% of all patients evacuated out of theater with overlapping ENT diagnoses. The number of potential ENT patients increased to 16% when one looked at all head and neck pathology instances seen by all medical and surgical departments hospital-wide. Of all patients air-evacuated and classified as having battle injuries, 21% presented with at least 1 head and neck trauma code. CONCLUSIONS: This is the 1st paper focusing on the role of the ENT-head and neck surgeon in treating a combat population and also the patterns of illness and head and neck injuries in a deployed force in our modem military. Improved soldier body armor has resulted in distinctly new patterns of combat injuries. Unprotected areas of the body account for the majority of injuries. SIGNIFICANCE: These findings should be used to improve the planning and delivery of combat medical care. (C) 2005 American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Foundation, Inc. All rights reserved. C1 USAF, Med Grp 435, Landstuhl Reg Med Ctr, Tampa, FL USA. MacDill AFB, Command Surg Off HQ US Cent Command, Tampa, FL USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div ENT Head & Neck Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Xydakis, MS (reprint author), Div ENT Head & Neck Surg, 60 MSGS,SGCXA, Travis AFB, CA 94535 USA. EM michael.xydakis@travis.af.mil NR 5 TC 75 Z9 76 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0194-5998 J9 OTOLARYNG HEAD NECK JI Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. PD OCT PY 2005 VL 133 IS 4 BP 497 EP 504 DI 10.1016/j.otohns.2005.07.003 PG 8 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA 972NR UT WOS:000232461000004 PM 16213918 ER PT J AU Hutchinson, JW Stafford, EM AF Hutchinson, JW Stafford, EM TI Changing parental opinions about teen privacy through education SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE adolescent; education; privacy; parents; confidentiality; attitudes ID HEALTH-CARE; CONFIDENTIALITY ASSURANCES; ADOLESCENTS; SERVICES; PHYSICIAN AB Objective. Confidentiality for adolescent patients is the standard of care. However, some parents object to this practice. We determined the prevalence of parents who have negative opinions regarding adolescent privacy policies and education's effect on that prevalence. Methods. All parents who sought care for their teen at 2 adolescent medicine clinics were asked to complete a computer survey about teen privacy and risk-taking behavior. Parents who did not know the clinic's privacy policy or had never been to the clinic were asked to participate in an educational study. Study participants were randomly selected to receive education by a handout or a scripted face-to-face encounter. They were surveyed again the same day. For evaluating long-term retention, a follow-up survey was conducted at least 30 days after the education. Results. A total of 563 parents were surveyed. Of 281 eligible parents, 130 (46%) completed the postintervention survey and 52 (19%) completed the follow-up survey. Repeated measures analysis of variance showed that both education types were equally effective in teaching parents chosen privacy facts. The average number of correct test questions increased from 58.6% to 89.1%. More than 30 days later, the parents' score was 86.9%. Before education, 35% disagreed or strongly disagreed with teens' having private information, compared with 13.8% immediately after education and 15.4% at follow-up. The percentage of parents who disagreed or strongly disagreed with providers' seeing the patient alone was 30.5%, which decreased to 14.5% after education and 17.3% with the follow-up survey. chi(2) tests showed no statistically significant differences between face-to-face and written education in changing parental opinions regarding privacy. When an adolescent wanted to speak with a provider alone, 93% of the parents agreed with that choice, regardless of intervention. Conclusions. This study identifies that almost one third of the parents who presented to these adolescent medicine clinics had negative opinions about some privacy practices. The 2 main issues were teens' seeing a provider alone and providers' keeping information confidential. Education was effective in teaching parents about privacy issues and produced a significant improvement in parental opinion about confidentiality. Simultaneously, an overwhelming majority of parents support the idea that teens should speak with a provider alone if the teen so desires, suggesting that parents acknowledge a need for independence. Providing confidential services is an essential part of adolescent health care that works best with the alliance of parents. This study supports the continued need to assess parental attitudes about privacy issues and to provide parents with education. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Adolescent Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Hutchinson, JW (reprint author), Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Adolescent Med, 8901 Wisconsin Ave, Bethesda, MD 20899 USA. EM hutch.w.hutchinson@us.army.mil NR 19 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 5 U2 8 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD OCT PY 2005 VL 116 IS 4 BP 966 EP 971 DI 10.1542/peds.2005-0318 PG 6 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 970FD UT WOS:000232289700022 PM 16199709 ER PT J AU Doney, RL Sen, S AF Doney, RL Sen, S TI Impulse absorption by tapered horizontal alignments of elastic spheres SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID ONE-DIMENSIONAL LATTICE; NONLINEAR SHOCK-WAVES; SOLITON-LIKE PULSES; 3-DIMENSIONAL LATTICE; GRANULAR COLUMNS; QUARTZ BEADS; PROPAGATION; CHAIN; BACKSCATTERING; TEMPERATURE AB We present an analytical and numerical study of the problem of mechanical impulse propagation through a horizontal alignment of progressively shrinking (tapered) elastic spheres that are placed between two rigid end walls. The studies are confined to cases where initial loading between the spheres is zero (i.e., in the "sonic vacuum" region). The spheres are assumed to interact via the Hertz potential. Force and energy as a function of time for selected grains that comprise the solitary wave are provided and shed light on the system's behavior. Propagation of energy is analytically studied in the hard-sphere approximation and phase diagrams plotting normalized kinetic energy of the smallest grain at the tapered end are developed for various chain lengths and tapering factors. These details are then compared to kinetic energy phase diagrams obtained via extensive dynamical simulations. Our figures indicate that the ratios of the kinetic energies of the smallest to largest grains possess a Gaussian dependence on tapering and an exponential decay when the number of grains increases. The conclusions are independent of system size, thus being applicable to tapered alignments of micron-sized spheres as well as those that are macroscopic and more easily realizable in the laboratory. Results demonstrate the capabililty of these chains to thermalize propagating impulses and thereby act as potential shock absorbing devices. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. SUNY Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. RP Doney, RL (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM bdoney@arl.army.mil; sen@dynamics.physics.buffalo.edu NR 46 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD OCT PY 2005 VL 72 IS 4 AR 041304 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.72.041304 PN 1 PG 11 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 979GO UT WOS:000232930600020 PM 16383370 ER PT J AU Peters, JF Muthuswamy, M Wibowo, J Tordesillas, A AF Peters, JF Muthuswamy, M Wibowo, J Tordesillas, A TI Characterization of force chains in granular material SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID STRESS-DISTRIBUTION; CONTACT FORCES; BEAD PACKS; FLUCTUATIONS; MEDIA; DEFORMATION; MODEL; TRANSMISSION; PROPAGATION; MECHANISM AB It has been observed that the majority of particles in a granular material carries less than the average load and that the number of particles carrying larger than the average load decreases exponentially with increasing contact force. The particles carrying above average load appear to form a strong network of forces while the majority of particles belong to a weak network. The strong network of forces appear to have a spatial characteristic whereby the stronger forces are carried though chainlike particle groups referred to as force chains. There is a strong case for a connection between force chains of the discrete medium and the trajectory of the most compressive principal stress in its continuous idealization. While such properties seem obvious from descriptive analysis of physical and numerical experiments in granular media, progress in quantification of the force chain statistics requires an objective description of what constitutes a force chain. A procedure to quantify the occurrence of force chains is built on a proposed definition having two parts: first, the chain is a quasilinear arrangement of three or more particles, and second, along the chain, stress concentration within each grain is characterized by the vector delineating the most compressive principal stress. The procedure is incorporated into an algorithm that can be applied to large particle assemblies to compile force chain statistics. The procedure is demonstrated on a discrete element simulation of a rigid punch into a half space. It was found that only approximately half of the particles within the group of so-called strong network particles are part of force chains. Throughout deformation, the average length of force chains varied slightly but the number of force chains decreased as the punch advanced. The force chain lengths follow an exponential distribution. The procedure provides a tool for objective analysis of force chains, although future work is required to incorporate branching of force chains into the analysis. C1 Univ Melbourne, Dept Math & Stat, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. USA, Corps Engineers, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Tordesillas, A (reprint author), Univ Melbourne, Dept Math & Stat, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. EM John.F.Peters@erdc.usace.army.mil; mayadm@gmail.com; atordesi@ms.unimelb.edu.au NR 35 TC 110 Z9 113 U1 2 U2 47 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD OCT PY 2005 VL 72 IS 4 AR 041307 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.72.041307 PN 1 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 979GO UT WOS:000232930600023 PM 16383373 ER PT J AU Ambrose, WG von Quillfeldt, C Clough, LM Tilney, PVR Tucker, T AF Ambrose, WG von Quillfeldt, C Clough, LM Tilney, PVR Tucker, T TI The sub-ice algal community in the Chukchi sea: large- and small-scale patterns of abundance based on images from a remotely operated vehicle SO POLAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NORTHEAST WATER POLYNYA; SOUTHEASTERN HUDSON-BAY; SAROMA-KO LAGOON; ARCTIC-OCEAN; IN-SITU; HORIZONTAL PATCHINESS; SEASONAL DEVELOPMENT; NUTRIENT LIMITATION; MICROALGAL BIOMASS; RESOLUTE PASSAGE AB We examined the sub-ice algal community in the Chukchi Sea during June 1998 using a remotely operated vehicle (ROV). Ice algae were observed on the under-ice surface at all ten stations (from 70 degrees 29'N to 72 degrees 26'N; 162 degrees 00'W to 153 degrees 56'W) and varied in abundance and distribution from small aggregations limited to depressions in the ice to nets, curtains and strands of Melosira. There was no relationship between percent cover of sub-ice algae and physical factors at the kilometer scale, but at the scale of individual ice floes the percent cover of sub-ice algae was positively correlated with distance from the floe edge and negatively correlated with snow depth. A significant positive relationship between the concentration of sediment pigments and percent cover of sub-ice could indicate a coupling between ice algal and benthic systems. Pieces of ice algae that appeared to be Melosira were observed on the seafloor to a depth of over 100 m and cells or spores of obligate ice algal taxa were collected from sediments from 44-m to 1,000-m deep. The large biomass of sub-ice algae observed at many stations in the Chukchi Sea and the presence of ice algae on the seafloor indicates that the distribution and abundance of sub-ice algae needs to be understood if we are to evaluate the role of ice algae in the Arctic marine ecosystem. C1 Akvaplan Niva, Polar Environm Ctr, N-9296 Tromso, Norway. Norwegian Polar Res Inst, Polar Environm Ctr, N-9296 Tromso, Norway. E Carolina Univ, Dept Biol, Greenville, NC 27858 USA. CRREL, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Ambrose, WG (reprint author), Akvaplan Niva, Polar Environm Ctr, N-9296 Tromso, Norway. EM wambrose@bates.edu NR 73 TC 39 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 16 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0722-4060 J9 POLAR BIOL JI Polar Biol. PD OCT PY 2005 VL 28 IS 10 BP 784 EP 795 DI 10.1007/s00300-005-0002-8 PG 12 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 978FV UT WOS:000232859900006 ER PT J AU Walsh, SM Freese, CE AF Walsh, SM Freese, CE TI Numerical model of relaxation during vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) SO POLYMER COMPOSITES LA English DT Article AB The inherent economic and environmental advantages of a vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) composite manufacturing process have caused an increase in the number of applications and generated research activity within the industry. Unfortunately, a variation in part thickness is introduced during the impregnation stage of a vacuum-infused flexible mold process, leading to a predictable and undesirable reduction in mechanical properties. It will be shown that the fluid pressure gradient established during the infusion phase directly results in a gradient in part thickness. The severity of the thickness gradient depends on the magnitude of the imposed pressure and the behavior of the underlying fibrous material. This report examines this behavior through the development of an efficient numerical model. An equilibrium relationship between external confining pressure, reinforcement response, and internal resin pressure is proposed and implemented within the context of a specific implicit finite element-based procedure. A detailed description of the original algorithm provides the background for the insertion of the new equilibrium constraint. This report also includes a discussion of important issues such as information recovery and adaptive time-step procedures. The result is a simple numerical tool capable of simulating the infusion process. The new procedure is validated through a comparison with known analytic one-dimensional models and also used to obtain solutions to an important class of axisymmetric examples. C1 USA, Res Lab, Rodman Mat Res, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. ABCEF Consulting, Lexington, MA 02421 USA. RP Freese, CE (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Rodman Mat Res, Aberdeen Proving Grounds, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM cefreese@cs.com NR 16 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0272-8397 J9 POLYM COMPOSITE JI Polym. Compos. PD OCT PY 2005 VL 26 IS 5 BP 628 EP 635 DI 10.1002/pc.20135 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Composites; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Polymer Science GA 981CB UT WOS:000233063600008 ER PT J AU Trew, RJ Woolard, DL AF Trew, RJ Woolard, DL TI Special issue on blue sky electronic technologies SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Trew, RJ (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9219 J9 P IEEE JI Proc. IEEE PD OCT PY 2005 VL 93 IS 10 BP 1687 EP 1690 DI 10.1109/JPROC.2005.855454 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 968MX UT WOS:000232167700001 ER PT J AU Woolard, DL Brown, ER Pepper, M Kemp, M AF Woolard, DL Brown, ER Pepper, M Kemp, M TI Terahertz frequency sensing and imaging: A time of reckoning future applications? SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE LA English DT Review DE biological and chemical agents; explosives; pharmaceuticals; remote detection; sensing and imaging; submillimeter wave; terahertz frequency ID INTERFEROMETRIC ARRAY; BIOLOGICAL MOLECULES; PULSED SPECTROSCOPY; DOMAIN SPECTROSCOPY; ABSORPTION-SPECTRA; SKIN-CANCER; NEAR-FIELD; DNA; THZ; TECHNOLOGY AB In recent years, the field of terahertz (THz) science and technology has entered a completely new phase of unprecedented expansion that is generating ever growing levels of broad-based international attention. In particular, there have been important advances in state-of-the-art THz technology and very enthusiastic growth in research activities associated with related scientific and industrial applications. One can legitimately argue that the potential payoffs of THz sensing and imaging (THz S&I) to application areas such as defense, security, biology and medicine are the major drivers of this new phenomenon. However there remain major science and technology "gaps" in the THz regime that must be reconciled before many of the perceived payoffs ever become realizable. Therefore, it is natural to ask the question "Is now the time for THz?" or rather are these recent events just a repeat of previous cycles in THz over-enthusiasm that have been witnessed during the last century? The main goal of this paper is to consider some of the most promising THz S&I applications within the specific context of their particular science and technology challenges in an attempt to credibly judge (or speculate on) their future potential. C1 USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. TeraView Ltd, Cambridge CB4 0WS, England. Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England. Toshiba Res Europe, Cambridge CB4 0WE, England. TeraView Ltd, Cambridge CB4 0WS, England. RP Woolard, DL (reprint author), USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM dwight.woolard@us.army.mil NR 118 TC 216 Z9 219 U1 6 U2 93 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9219 J9 P IEEE JI Proc. IEEE PD OCT PY 2005 VL 93 IS 10 BP 1722 EP 1743 DI 10.1109/JPROC.2005.853539 PG 22 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 968MX UT WOS:000232167700004 ER PT J AU Augustyn, JS Rosenbaum, DA AF Augustyn, JS Rosenbaum, DA TI Metacognitive control of action: Preparation for aiming reflects knowledge of Fitts's law SO PSYCHONOMIC BULLETIN & REVIEW LA English DT Article ID TIME; ACQUISITION; ACCURACY; RECALL AB Metacognitive control has been studied in intellectual skills but has not yet been studied in perceptual-motor skills. To probe metacognitive control in a perceptual-motor context, we developed a task in which participants chose the position of a cursor relative to two targets. One of the two targets was randomly erased. Participants tried to move the cursor into the remaining target within a limited amount of time. The target widths were varied, making the difficulty of moving to either target dependent on the chosen cursor position. Predictions were based on the assumption that participants could use an analogue of Fitts's law to choose optimal positions. The fit between observed and predicted positions was excellent, suggesting that participants used information about movement speed-accuracy trade-offs to guide movement preparation. The findings suggest that metacognition applies to both perceptual-motor skills and intellectual skills, and that these two domains are more similar than traditionally assumed. C1 Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Augustyn, JS (reprint author), USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Supporting Sci & Technol Directorate, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM jason.augustyn@natick.army.mil FU NIMH NIH HHS [K02 MH0097701A1]; NINDS NIH HHS [R15 NS41887-01] NR 25 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1069-9384 J9 PSYCHON B REV JI Psychon. Bull. Rev. PD OCT PY 2005 VL 12 IS 5 BP 911 EP 916 DI 10.3758/BF03196785 PG 6 WC Psychology, Mathematical; Psychology, Experimental SC Psychology GA 005QI UT WOS:000234838500014 PM 16524010 ER PT J AU Sandson, NB Armstrong, SC Cozza, KL AF Sandson, NB Armstrong, SC Cozza, KL TI An overview of psychotropic drug-drug interactions SO PSYCHOSOMATICS LA English DT Review ID HUMAN LIVER-MICROSOMES; SEROTONIN REUPTAKE INHIBITORS; HUMAN CYTOCHROME-P450 ISOFORMS; ST-JOHNS-WORT; INCREASES SERUM CONCENTRATIONS; IN-VITRO INHIBITION; HUMAN UDP-GLUCURONOSYLTRANSFERASES; STEADY-STATE PHARMACOKINETICS; GLYCOPROTEIN GENE DISRUPTION; LAMOTRIGINE PLASMA-LEVELS AB The psychotropic drug-drug interactions most likely to be relevant to psychiatrists' practices are examined. The metabolism and the enzymatic and P-glycoprotein inhibition/induction profiles of all antidepressants, antipsychotics, and mood stabilizers are described; all clinically meaningful drug-drug interactions between agents in these psychotropic classes, as well as with frequently encountered nonpsychotropic agents, are detailed; and information on the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic results, mechanisms, and clinical consequences of these interactions is presented. Although the range of drug-drug interactions involving psychotropic agents is large, it is a finite and manageable subset of the much larger domain of all possible drug-drug interactions. Sophisticated computer programs will ultimately provide the best means of avoiding drug-drug interactions. Until these programs are developed, the best defense against drug-drug interactions is awareness and focused attention to this issue. C1 Tual Forest Grove Hosp, Ctr Geriatr Psychiat, Forest Grove, OR 97116 USA. Sheppard Pratt Hlth Syst, Div Educ & Residency Training, Towson, MD USA. Univ Maryland, Sheppard Pratt Psychiat Residency Program, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Psychiat, Med Syst, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Infect Dis Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Armstrong, SC (reprint author), Tual Forest Grove Hosp, Ctr Geriatr Psychiat, 1809 Maple St, Forest Grove, OR 97116 USA. EM scott.armstrong@tuality.org NR 328 TC 65 Z9 67 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PUBLISHING, INC PI ARLINGTON PA 1000 WILSON BOULEVARD, STE 1825, ARLINGTON, VA 22209-3901 USA SN 0033-3182 J9 PSYCHOSOMATICS JI Psychosomatics PD OCT PY 2005 VL 46 IS 5 BP 464 EP 494 DI 10.1176/appi.psy.46.5.464 PG 31 WC Psychiatry; Psychology SC Psychiatry; Psychology GA 962FY UT WOS:000231717600013 PM 16145193 ER PT J AU MacKersie, AB Lane, MJ Gerhardt, RT Claypool, HA Keenan, S Katz, DS Tucker, JE AF MacKersie, AB Lane, MJ Gerhardt, RT Claypool, HA Keenan, S Katz, DS Tucker, JE TI Nontraumatic acute abdominal pain: Unenhanced helical CT compared with three-view acute abdominal series SO RADIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ACUTE ABDOMEN; ACUTE APPENDICITIS; FLANK PAIN; RADIOGRAPHY; DIAGNOSIS; MANAGEMENT; EMERGENCY; IMPACT AB PURPOSE: To Prospectively evaluate and compare the diagnostic accuracy of unenhanced helical computed tomography (CT) for patients with nontraumatic h acute abdominal pain with that of traditional abdominal radiography. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Institutional review board approval and informed consent were obtained; this study was completed before implementation of the HIPAA. Ninety-one patients (44 men; 47 women; age range 18-84 years; mean age, 48.5 years) with acute nontraumatic abdominal pain over a 7-month period were referred by the emergency department of one institution. These patients underwent a three-view acute abdominal series (AAS) and unenhanced helical CT. AAS included an upright chest radiograph and upright and supine abdominal radiographs. Unenhanced helical CT images with 5-mm collimation were obtained from the lung bases to the pubic symphysis, without intravenous, oral, or rectal contrast material. AAS and unenhanced helical CT images were each separately and prospectively interpreted by a different experienced radiologist who was blinded to patient history and the images and interpretation of the other examination for each patient. Final diagnosis was established with surgical, pathologic, and clinical followup. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and positive and negative likelihood ratios were calculated for AAS and unenhanced helical CT. Confidence intervals of 95% were calculated for each value with the standard equation for population proportions. Results of AAS and unen' analysis. hanced helical CT examinations were compared with chi(2) analysis. RESULTS: Among the 91 patients examined, unenhanced helical CT yielded an overall sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 96.0%, 95.1%, and 95.6%, respectively. The AAS interpretations yielded an overall sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 30.0%, 87.8%, and 56.0%, respectively. The accuracy of unenhanced helical CT was significantly greater than the accuracy of AAS (P <.05). CONCLUSION: AAS is an insensitive technique in the evaluation of nontraurnatic acute abdominal pain in adults. Unenhanced helical CT is an accurate technique in the evaluation of adult patients with nontraumatic acute abdominal pain and should be considered as an alternative to radiography as the initial imaging modality. C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. S Texas Radiol Grp PA, San Antonio, TX USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Womack Army Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Ft Bragg, NC USA. Winthrop Univ Hosp, Dept Radiol, Mineola, NY 11501 USA. RP MacKersie, AB (reprint author), 822 Coldwater Creek Circle, Niceville, FL 32578 USA. EM amackersie@hotmail.com NR 24 TC 44 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 1 PU RADIOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMERICA PI OAK BROOK PA 820 JORIE BLVD, OAK BROOK, IL 60523 USA SN 0033-8419 J9 RADIOLOGY JI Radiology PD OCT PY 2005 VL 237 IS 1 BP 114 EP 122 DI 10.1148/radiol.2371040066 PG 9 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 965RM UT WOS:000231968000017 PM 16183928 ER PT J AU Ezell, BC AF Ezell, BC TI Risk modeling, assessment, and management, 2nd edition SO RISK ANALYSIS LA English DT Book Review C1 TRADOC Futures Ctr, Studies & Anal Div, Ft Monroe, VA 23651 USA. RP Ezell, BC (reprint author), TRADOC Futures Ctr, Studies & Anal Div, Ft Monroe, VA 23651 USA. EM barry.ezell@us.army.mil NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0272-4332 J9 RISK ANAL JI Risk Anal. PD OCT PY 2005 VL 25 IS 5 BP 1325 EP 1326 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA 978IS UT WOS:000232867400019 ER PT J AU Bucher, G AF Bucher, G TI War factor in daily life of a Russian woman in the 18th-early 20th centuries: Monograph SO RUSSIAN REVIEW LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Bucher, G (reprint author), US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0036-0341 J9 RUSS REV JI Russ. Rev. PD OCT PY 2005 VL 64 IS 4 BP 698 EP 699 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 964XQ UT WOS:000231914700020 ER PT J AU Qasim, M Fredrickson, H Honea, P Furey, J Leszczynski, J Okovytyy, S Szecsody, J Kholod, Y AF Qasim, M Fredrickson, H Honea, P Furey, J Leszczynski, J Okovytyy, S Szecsody, J Kholod, Y TI Prediction of CL-20 chemical degradation pathways, theoretical and experimental evidence for dependence on competing modes of reaction SO SAR AND QSAR IN ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE theoretical prediction; spectroscopy; alkaline hydrolysis; photochemical degradation; competing degradation mechanisms; CL-20 ID EXPLOSIVE CL-20; MECHANISMS; INSIGHTS AB Highest occupied and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energies, formation energies, bond lengths and FTIR spectra all suggest competing CL-20 degradation mechanisms. This second of two studies investigates recalcitrant, toxic, aromatic CL-20 intermediates that absorb from 370 to 430 nm. Our earlier study (Struct. Chem., 15, 2004) revealed that these intermediates were formed at high OH- concentrations via the chemically preferred pathway of breaking the C-C bond between the two cyclopentanes, thereby eliminating nitro groups, forming conjugated pi bonds, and resulting in a pyrazine three-ring aromatic intermediate. In attempting to find and make dominant a more benign CL-20 transformation pathway, this current research validates hydroxylation results from both studies and examines CL-20 transformations via photo-induced free radical reactions. This article discusses CL-20 competing modes of degradation revealed through: computational calculation; UV/VIS and SF spectroscopy following alkaline hydrolysis; and photochemical irradiation to degrade CL-20 and its byproducts at their respective wavelengths of maximum absorption. C1 USA, Erdc, CSC, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Dnepropetrovsk Natl Univ, Dept Chem, UA-49050 Dnepropetrovsk, Ukraine. Jackson State Univ, Dept Chem, Computat Ctr Mol Struct & Interact, Jackson, MS 39217 USA. Pacific NW Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Qasim, M (reprint author), USA, Erdc, CSC, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM Mohammad.M.Qasim@erdc.usace.army.mil RI Okovytyy, Sergiy/F-9838-2010 OI Okovytyy, Sergiy/0000-0003-4367-1309 NR 30 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 9 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1062-936X J9 SAR QSAR ENVIRON RES JI SAR QSAR Environ. Res. PD OCT PY 2005 VL 16 IS 5 BP 495 EP 515 DI 10.1080/10659360500320453 PG 21 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Environmental Sciences; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Computer Science; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Toxicology GA 986HQ UT WOS:000233441100006 PM 16272046 ER PT J AU Banks, KP Bui-Mansfield, LT Chew, FS Collinson, F AF Banks, KP Bui-Mansfield, LT Chew, FS Collinson, F TI A compartmental approach to the radiographic evaluation of soft-tissue calcifications SO SEMINARS IN ROENTGENOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RADIOLOGIC-PATHOLOGICAL CORRELATION; INTERVERTEBRAL-DISK CALCIFICATION; IDIOPATHIC SKELETAL HYPEROSTOSIS; TUMORAL CALCINOSIS; MUSCULOSKELETAL; DERMATOMYOSITIS; INVOLVEMENT; DISEASE; BONE; EXTREMITIES C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Div Radiol Sci, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Radiol & Nucl Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Radiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Banks, KP (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Div Radiol Sci, 3815 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM liem_mansfield@gmail.com OI Chew, Felix/0000-0003-2711-2013 NR 46 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0037-198X J9 SEMIN ROENTGENOL JI Semin. Roentgenology PD OCT PY 2005 VL 40 IS 4 BP 391 EP 407 DI 10.1053/j.ro.2005.01.021 PG 17 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 975YN UT WOS:000232700100005 PM 16218555 ER PT J AU Chen, D Molina, JAE Clapp, CE Venterea, RT Palazzo, AJ AF Chen, D Molina, JAE Clapp, CE Venterea, RT Palazzo, AJ TI Corn root influence on automated measurement of soil carbon dioxide concentrations SO SOIL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE CO2 sensor; soil CO2 respiration; corn root rhizosphere; CO2 production ID ZEA-MAYS L.; NITROGEN-FERTILIZATION; RESIDUE MANAGEMENT; ORGANIC-MATTER; CO2 EFFLUX; RESPIRATION; MODEL; RHIZODEPOSITION; TILLAGE; SENSITIVITY AB Carbon dioxide (CO2) production is a more desirable indicator of soil carbon (C) dynamics than CO2 flux at the soil-air interface, which is significantly influenced by the gas-transport condition of the soil. Production Of CO2 can be computed from CO2 concentrations if high-temporal measurements are made. Our objective was to design, implement, and test an automated CO2 measurement system that requires low maintenance but provides high-temporal resolution Of CO2 concentrations in soil. The CO2 sensors were located at different soil depths from 10 to 60 cm, with and without roots, to measure the effect of corn (Zea inays, L.) root activities on CO2 concentrations over time. A direct comparison indicates that soil CO2 measured with the automated measurement system represents CO2 Of soil surrounding the sensor. Computed CO2 production was highest in the soils above 20 cm. A peak Of soil CO2 concentration occurred after each of the major rain events. The amplitude of the peaks decreased with depth. Differences between the CO2 concentrations in the root and root-excluded soils were small between rainfall events and large at and after rain. Soil CO2 concentration showed diurnal variations at the 10-, 20-, and 40-cm depths, whereas it was hardly detectable at the 60-cm, depth. The automated CO2 measurement system is a useful tool for gaining knowledge Of CO2 production in soils over time and across depth and of contributions from roots and bulk soil to total CO2 production in soils. C1 Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. Univ Minnesota, USDA ARS, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. USACOE, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Chen, D (reprint author), Calif Dept Water Resources, POB 942836, Sacramento, CA 94236 USA. EM dchen@water.ca.gov RI Venterea, Rodney/A-3930-2009; OI molina, jean-alex/0000-0002-5510-3109 NR 32 TC 21 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 12 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3261 USA SN 0038-075X J9 SOIL SCI JI Soil Sci. PD OCT PY 2005 VL 170 IS 10 BP 779 EP 787 DI 10.1097/01.ss.0000190512.41298.fc PG 9 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 989WQ UT WOS:000233705100003 ER PT J AU Palekar, NA Harrison, SA AF Palekar, NA Harrison, SA TI Extrahepatic manifestations of hepatitis C SO SOUTHERN MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Review DE hepatitis C; extrahepatic manifestations; membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis; mixed cryoglobulinemia; porphyria cutanea tarda ID ESSENTIAL MIXED CRYOGLOBULINEMIA; VIRUS-INFECTION; INTERFERON-ALPHA; DERMATOLOGICAL MANIFESTATIONS; RENAL MANIFESTATIONS; II CRYOGLOBULINEMIA; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; HIGH PREVALENCE; LIVER-DISEASE; DISORDERS AB Hepatitis C affects approximately 170 million people worldwide. Extrahepatic manifestations of chronic hepatitis C infection are clinically evident in nearly 40% of patients. Much research has been done over the last decade to better understand their incidence, clinical presentation, mechanism of disease, and the role of antiviral therapy in their treatment. Of the commonly reported manifestations, cryoglobulinemia, membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, and porphyria cutanea tarda remain the best understood manifestations. More recently, the association of insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus with chronic hepatitis C has been demonstrated. This paper serves to review the growing body of literature detailing the extrahepatic manifestations of chronic hepatitis C. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Gastroenterol & Hepatol Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Palekar, NA (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Gastroenterol & Hepatol Serv, 3851 Roger Brook Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM nicole.palekar@cen.ameed.army.mil NR 47 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3261 USA SN 0038-4348 J9 SOUTH MED J JI South.Med.J. PD OCT PY 2005 VL 98 IS 10 BP 1019 EP 1023 DI 10.1097/01.smj.0000182873.62872.22 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 982RC UT WOS:000233178300011 PM 16295816 ER PT J AU Jensen, JO AF Jensen, JO TI Vibrational frequencies and structural determination of Ge4O4 SO SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE vibrations; normal mode frequencies; infrared spectra; Raman spectra; germanium monoxide tetramer; germanium oxide ID GERMANIUM OXIDES AB The vibrational frequencies and corresponding normal mode assignments of the germanium monoxide tetramer (Ge4O4) in T-d symmetry are examined theoretically using the Gaussian03 set of quantum chemistry codes and compared against available experimental data. All normal modes were successfully assigned to one of two types of motion predicted by a group theoretical analysis (Ge-O stretch and Ge-O-Ge bend) utilizing the T-d symmetry of the molecule. The molecule possesses a cubane-like structure. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V All rights reserved. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSRD, ECB RT DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Jensen, JO (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSRD, ECB RT DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM jim.jensen@us.army.mil NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1386-1425 J9 SPECTROCHIM ACTA A JI Spectroc. Acta Pt. A-Molec. Biomolec. Spectr. PD OCT PY 2005 VL 61 IS 13-14 BP 3108 EP 3111 DI 10.1016/j.saa.2004.11.037 PG 4 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA 970NN UT WOS:000232317000046 PM 16165060 ER PT J AU Jensen, JO AF Jensen, JO TI Vibrational frequencies and structural determination of cyclotriphosphazene SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE-THEOCHEM LA English DT Article DE vibrations; normal mode frequencies; infrared spectra; Raman spectra; cyclotriphosphazene; 1,3,5,2,4,6-triazatriphosphorine; cyclotriphosphazatriene; phosphonitrile trimer AB The normal mode frequencies and corresponding vibrational assignments of cyclotriphosphazene (P3N3) in D-3h symmetry are examined theoretically using the Gaussian03 set of quantum chemistry codes. All normal modes were successfully assigned to one of three types of motion (P-N stretch, P-N-P bend, and ring torsion) predicted by a group theoretical analysis. Comparing the vibrational frequencies with IR and Raman spectra available in the literature, scaling factors are derived. Molecular orbitals and bonding are examined. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSRD, ECB,RT,DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Jensen, JO (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSRD, ECB,RT,DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM jim.jensen@us.anny.mil NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-1280 J9 J MOL STRUC-THEOCHEM JI Theochem-J. Mol. Struct. PD SEP 30 PY 2005 VL 729 IS 3 BP 229 EP 234 DI 10.1016/j.theochem.2005.02.062 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 969UY UT WOS:000232261900011 ER PT J AU Scafetta, N West, BJ AF Scafetta, N West, BJ TI Estimated solar contribution to the global surface warming using the ACRIM TSI satellite composite SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; IRRADIANCE; CYCLES AB We study, by using a wavelet decomposition methodology, the solar signature on global surface temperature data using the ACRIM total solar irradiance satellite composite by Willson and Mordvinov. These data present a +0.047%/ decade trend between minima during solar cycles 21-23 (1980-2002). We estimate that the ACRIM upward trend might have minimally contributed similar to 10-30% of the global surface temperature warming over the period 1980-2002. C1 Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. USA, Res Off, Math & Informat Sci Directorate, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Scafetta, N (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. EM ns2002@duke.edu RI West, Bruce/E-3944-2017; OI Scafetta, Nicola/0000-0003-0967-1911 NR 14 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD SEP 28 PY 2005 VL 32 IS 18 AR L18713 DI 10.1029/2005GL023849 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 971OW UT WOS:000232394800007 ER PT J AU Arroyo, MA Hoelscher, M Sateren, W Samky, E Maboko, L Hoffmann, O Kijak, G Robb, M Birx, DL McCutchan, FE AF Arroyo, MA Hoelscher, M Sateren, W Samky, E Maboko, L Hoffmann, O Kijak, G Robb, M Birx, DL McCutchan, FE TI HIV-1 diversity and prevalence differ between urban and rural areas in the Mbeya region of Tanzania SO AIDS LA English DT Article DE HIV-1 variability/subtypes; molecular epidemiology; recombination; dual infection; Tanzania ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; SUPERINFECTION; RECOMBINANTS; SUBTYPES; COMMON AB Objective: To characterize HIV-1 strains in a potential vaccine trial cohort (CODE) in the Mbeya region of southwest Tanzania. Design: Study volunteers (n = 3096) were recruited from urban areas in Mbeya Town, using two different recruitment strategies, and in a nearby rural village. Methods: Cryopreserved plasma from 507 HIV-1 prevalent cases was the source of viral RNA for HIV-1 genotyping by the Multi-region Hybridization Assay, the MHA(acd), and selected strains were confirmed by complete genome sequencing. Results: The overall HIV-1 prevalence was 16.6% [95% confidence interval (Cl), 15.3-17.9] within the cohort. HIV-1 prevalence was higher among women, and in urban areas. Recruitment through advertisement targeted a high-risk urban male population for HIV-1 infection [adjusted odds ratio (adj. OR), 1.68; 95% Cl, 1.13-2.51] when compared with men recruited cloor-to-cloor. The complexity of the HIV-1 epidemic was also higher in urban areas evidenced by the high-risk of HIV-1 infection with a recombinant strain (adj. OR, 2.69; 95% Cl, 1.08-6.69) and HIV-1 dual infection (adj. OR, 5.16; 95% Cl, 1.07-24.9), mainly driven by urban men recruited through advertisement. Conclusions: Overall the urban epidemic was more genetically complex, with higher prevalence and more recombinants and dual infections. Vaccine trials in Mbeya region can assess a complex HIV-1 population dynamic and determine vaccine efficacy in relationship to the genetic diversity of HIV-1 strains that challenge vaccines. (c) 2005 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, US Mil HIV Res Program, Div Retrovirol, Silver Spring, MD USA. Univ Munich, Dept Infect Dis & Trop Med, Munich, Germany. Mbeya Referral Hosp, Mbeya, Tanzania. Mbeya Med Res Programme, Mbeya, Tanzania. London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Epidemiol & Populat Hlth, London WC1, England. USMHRP, Rockville, MD USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD USA. RP Arroyo, MA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, 1600 E Gude Dr, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. EM marroyo@hivresearch.org RI Hoelscher, Michael/D-3436-2012; OI Arroyo, Miguel/0000-0001-7416-8867 NR 23 TC 33 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3261 USA SN 0269-9370 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD SEP 23 PY 2005 VL 19 IS 14 BP 1517 EP 1524 DI 10.1097/01.aids.0000183515.14642.76 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 970MN UT WOS:000232314400011 PM 16135906 ER PT J AU Gupta, P Wilkes, GL Sukhadia, AM Krishnaswamy, RK Lamborn, MJ Wharry, SM Tso, CC DesLauriers, PJ Mansfield, T Beyer, FL AF Gupta, P Wilkes, GL Sukhadia, AM Krishnaswamy, RK Lamborn, MJ Wharry, SM Tso, CC DesLauriers, PJ Mansfield, T Beyer, FL TI Does the length of the short chain branch affect the mechanical properties of linear low density polyethylenes? An investigation based on films of copolymers of ethylene/1-butene, ethylene/1-hexene and ethylene/1-octene synthesized by a single site metallocene catalyst SO POLYMER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Semicrystalline Polymers held in honor of John D Hoffman CY AUG 22-25, 2004 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc, Polymer & Mat Sci Div DE polyethylene; short chain branching; mechanical ID RAY-DIFFRACTION ORIENTATION; ETHYLENE 1-OLEFIN COPOLYMERS; FRACTURE EWF METHOD; LLDPE BLOWN FILMS; SLOW CRACK-GROWTH; ESSENTIAL WORK; RINGED SPHERULITES; TENSILE PROPERTIES; DUCTILE FRACTURE; TOUGHNESS AB Three nearly identical linear low density polyethylene resins based on copolymers of ethylene with 1-butene (B), 1-hexene (H) and 1-octene (O) were utilized to investigate the effect of short chain branch length on the mechanical properties of blown and compression molded (quenched and slow cooled) films. The content of short chain comononer in the three copolymers was ca. 2.5-2.9 mol% that 3 corresponded to a density of 0.917-0.918 g/cm(3). Within a given series, the tensile properties of these films do not show any significant difference at slow deformation rates (up to 5 10 mm/min), even though the DSC and TREF profiles of 'H' and 'O' differed slightly in comparison to 'B'. However, at higher deformation rates (ca. 1 m/s), the breaking strength of these films was found to increase with increasing short chain branch length. In addition, the Spencer impact and Elmendorf tear strength of the blown films were also observed to increase with increasing short chain branch length. Further, dart impact strength and high-speed puncture resistance (5.1 m/s) of 1-octene and 1-hexene based samples was also observed to be higher than that based on 1-butene. The blown films displayed low and comparable levels of equivalent in-plane birefringence and crystalline orientation by wide angle X-ray scattering. This confirms that the differences in mechanical properties in the blown film series are not attributable to differences in molecular orientation. The deformation behavior of both the compression molded and blown films were also investigated in a well-defined controlled regime by analyzing their essential work of fracture. It was found that the essential work of fracture of films based on 1-hexene and 1-octene was higher than that of films based on 1-butene. While the origin of these differences in mechanical properties with increasing short chain branch length is not fully understood, the present investigation confirms this effect to be pronounced at high deformation rates for both the blown and compression molded quenched films. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. Chevron Phillips Chem Co, Bartlesville, OK USA. Procter & Gamble Co, Cincinnati, OH USA. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen, MD USA. RP Wilkes, GL (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM gwilkes@vt.edu NR 65 TC 30 Z9 33 U1 4 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0032-3861 J9 POLYMER JI Polymer PD SEP 23 PY 2005 VL 46 IS 20 BP 8819 EP 8837 DI 10.1016/j.polymer.2005.05.137 PG 19 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 962YL UT WOS:000231769400021 ER PT J AU Zhuang, GRV Xu, K Yang, H Jow, TR Ross, PN AF Zhuang, GRV Xu, K Yang, H Jow, TR Ross, PN TI Lithium ethylene dicarbonate identified as the primary product of chemical and electrochemical reduction of EC in 1.2 m LiPF6/EC : EMC electrolyte SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID IONIZATION-MASS-SPECTROSCOPY; SURFACE-FILM FORMATION; ION BATTERIES; LI-ION; CARBONATE; PROPYLENE; ANODES; SOLVATION; CHEMISTRY; SALTS AB Lithium ethylene dicarbonate ((CH2OCO2Li)(2)) was chemically synthesized and its Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum was obtained and compared with that of surface films formed on Ni after cyclic voltammetry (CV) in 1.2 M lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF6)/ethylene carbonate (EC):ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC) (3:7, w/w) electrolyte and on metallic lithium cleaved in-situ in the same electrolyte. By comparison of IR experimental spectra with that of the synthesized compound, we established that the title compound is the predominant surface species in both instances. Detailed analysis of the IR spectrum utilizing quantum chemical (Hartree-Fock) calculations indicates that intermolecular association through O... Li...O interactions is very important in this compound. It is likely that the title compound in the passivation layer has a highly associated structure, but the exact intermolecular conformation could not be established on the basis of analysis of the IR spectrum. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Mat Sci & Environm Energy Technol Div, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Zhuang, GRV (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Mat Sci & Environm Energy Technol Div, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM GVZhuang@lbl.gov RI Xu, Kang/C-6054-2013; Yang, Hui/B-3249-2012 OI Yang, Hui/0000-0003-4035-8894 NR 22 TC 75 Z9 75 U1 2 U2 48 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD SEP 22 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 37 BP 17567 EP 17573 DI 10.1021/jp052474w PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 964ZZ UT WOS:000231920800032 PM 16853247 ER PT J AU Lu, XCM Williams, AJ Wagstaff, JD Tortella, FC Hartings, JA AF Lu, XCM Williams, AJ Wagstaff, JD Tortella, FC Hartings, JA TI Effects of delayed intrathecal infusion of an NMDA receptor antagonist on ischemic injury and peri-infarct depolarizations SO BRAIN RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE spreading depression; peri-infarct depolarization; DC potential; MCAo; focal cerebral ischemia; NMDA receptor ID FOCAL CEREBRAL-ISCHEMIA; CORTICAL SPREADING DEPRESSION; NEGATIVE DC DEFLECTIONS; ARTERY OCCLUSION; CONANTOKIN-G; RAT-BRAIN; EXTRACELLULAR GLUTAMATE; ANOXIC DEPOLARIZATION; MECHANISMS; TRANSIENT AB The potent NMDA receptor antagonist, Conantokin-G (CGX-1007), a snail peptide. has an X-h therapeutic window in rat focal cerebral ischemia. We hypothesized that the mechanism of neuroprotection is the inhibition of 'secondary phase' peri-infarct depolarizations (PIDs). recently shown to recur 6-24 h post-reperfusion. Rats were implanted with intrathecal (i.t.) catheters for drug delivery and DC-compatible electrodes for continuous PID monitoring and subjected to transient (2 h) middle cerebral artery occlusion, Four groups were studied. In two groups (C40C and C20C), continuous infusion of CGX-1007 was administered over 8 24 It post-occlusion at 0.1 mu g/h (0.04 nmol/h) following either a 40- or 20-nmol bolus dose at 8 h. Another group (C40S) received the 40-nmol bolus followed by saline infusion, and a control group received saline. Intrathecal drug treatment reduced infarct volumes relative to controls by 61%, 31%, and 10% in C40C, C40S, and C20C groups, respectively, but also induced dose-dependent paralysis and elevated mortality. All rats had PID rates similar to the control group prior to treatment, but following treatment secondary phase PIDs were reduced by 47-57% in each drug group compared to controls. Because several animals exhibited PID inhibition but no neuroprotection, there was no significant correlation between these endpoints across groups. However, drug-treated animals that did not exhibit secondary phase PIDs prior to treatment had significantly smaller infarcts and reduced subsequent PID activity than corresponding control rats. Results suggest that post-reperfusion PIDs play a substantial, though still undefined pathogenic role in delayed maturation of cerebral infarction and NMDA receptor-targeted neuroprotection. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Psychiat & Neurosci, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Cognetix Inc, Salt Lake City, UT 84108 USA. RP Hartings, JA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Psychiat & Neurosci, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM jed.hartings@na.amedd.army.mil NR 46 TC 12 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8993 J9 BRAIN RES JI Brain Res. PD SEP 21 PY 2005 VL 1056 IS 2 BP 200 EP 208 DI 10.1016/j.brainres.2005.07.041 PG 9 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 968OW UT WOS:000232172800012 PM 16112094 ER PT J AU Suhre, DR Gupta, N AF Suhre, DR Gupta, N TI Acousto-optic tunable filter sidelobe analysis and reduction with telecentric confocal optics SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID SPATIAL-RESOLUTION; SPECTROMETER; TEO2 AB The acousto-optic tunable filter (AOTF) has optical sidelobes that are due to the acoustic field produced by the transducer. These sidelobes were analyzed by wave-vector phase matching between the optical and acoustic fields, which correlated with measurements made with a TeO2 AOTF. A white-light point source was filtered and imaged, showing reasonably large and slowly decreasing sidelobes covering a large spectral range. This effect reduces the image quality of an AOTF system by producing faint secondary images of bright objects. The image quality can be improved with a telecentric confocal optical arrangement in which the angular shift of the sidelobes is greatly reduced, producing a much sharper image. This effect was also demonstrated experimentally with the point source. (c) 2005 Optical Society of America. C1 Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15219 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Suhre, DR (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, 700 Technol Dr, Pittsburgh, PA 15219 USA. EM dsuhre@andrew.cmu.edu RI Gupta, Neelam/B-8702-2013 NR 22 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 10 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD SEP 20 PY 2005 VL 44 IS 27 BP 5797 EP 5801 DI 10.1364/AO.44.005797 PG 5 WC Optics SC Optics GA 967VK UT WOS:000232119100024 PM 16201445 ER PT J AU Na, DH Faraj, J Capan, Y Leung, KP DeLuca, PP AF Na, DH Faraj, J Capan, Y Leung, KP DeLuca, PP TI Chewing gum of antimicrobial decapeptide (KSL) as a sustained antiplaque agent: Preformulation study SO JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE LA English DT Article DE antimicrobial peptide; chewing gum; in vitro and in vivo release; stability; antiplaque agent ID ANTI-PLAQUE AGENTS; DRUG-RELEASE; CHLORHEXIDINE; PREVENTION; APPARATUS; PRODUCTS; PROTEINS AB The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential of KSL, an antimicrobial decapeptide, which has been shown to inhibit the growth of oral bacterial strains associated with caries development and plaque formation, to act as an antiplaque agent in a chewing gum formulation. A reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography method was developed for KSL and found to be stability-indicating. KSL was stable in acetate buffer at pH 4 and artificial saliva. On the affinity of KSL to tooth-like materials, the KSL showed favorable interaction with hydroxyapatite discs pretreated with human saliva. A chewing gum formulation of KSL was prepared based on conventional procedures and the release of KSL from the gum was studied in vitro using the chewing apparatus and in vivo by a chew-out method. The gum formulations showed promising in vitro/in vivo release profiles, in which 70-80% KSL was released in a sustained manner over 20 min of chewing time. This study suggests that KSL in a gum formulation is suitable for the delivery in the oral cavity, thereby serving as a novel antiplaque agent. (c) 2005 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Univ Kentucky, Coll Pharm, Fac Pharmaceut Sci, Lexington, KY 40536 USA. Kyungsung Univ, Coll Pharm, Pusan 608736, South Korea. Hacettepe Univ, Fac Pharm, Dept Pharmaceut Technol, TR-06100 Ankara, Turkey. USA, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Microbiol Branch, Dent & Trauma Res Dept, Great Lakes, IL 60088 USA. RP DeLuca, PP (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Coll Pharm, Fac Pharmaceut Sci, Lexington, KY 40536 USA. EM ppdelu1@uky.edu NR 29 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-3659 J9 J CONTROL RELEASE JI J. Control. Release PD SEP 20 PY 2005 VL 107 IS 1 BP 122 EP 130 DI 10.1016/j.jconrel.2005.05.027 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Chemistry; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 970YW UT WOS:000232349300010 PM 16009443 ER PT J AU Garbuzov, D Kudryashov, I Dubinskii, M AF Garbuzov, D Kudryashov, I Dubinskii, M TI 110 W(0.9 J) pulsed power from resonantly diode-laser-pumped 1.6-mu m Er : YAG laser SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SOLID-STATE AB 110 W pulse power and 0.93 J pulse energy have been obtained with direct resonant pumping of a 1.6-mu m Er3+-doped bulk solid-state laser with two-dimensional stacks of 1.5 mu m InGaAsP/InP diode lasers. C1 Princeton Lightwave Inc, Cranbury, NJ 08512 USA. USA, Res Lab, AMSRD ARL SE EO, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Garbuzov, D (reprint author), Princeton Lightwave Inc, 2555 US Route 130, Cranbury, NJ 08512 USA. EM dgarbuzov@princetonlightwave.com NR 6 TC 73 Z9 73 U1 3 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD SEP 19 PY 2005 VL 87 IS 12 AR 121101 DI 10.1063/1.2051803 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 964UT UT WOS:000231907200001 ER PT J AU Lesho, EP AF Lesho, EP TI "Thank you" SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Lesho, EP (reprint author), 11120 Nicholas Dr, Silver Spring, MD 20902 USA. EM Lesho@NA.ameed.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD SEP 15 PY 2005 VL 41 IS 6 BP 837 EP 837 DI 10.1086/432809 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 956QB UT WOS:000231313800012 PM 16107983 ER PT J AU Fedorov, IA Sokolov, VN Kim, KW Zavada, JM AF Fedorov, IA Sokolov, VN Kim, KW Zavada, JM TI Coulombic effects of electron-hole plasma in nitride-based nanostructures SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID GAN/ALGAN QUANTUM-WELLS; BISTABLE ELECTROOPTICAL ABSORPTION; BAND-GAP RENORMALIZATION; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; FIELDS; SUPERLATTICES; EXCITONS; CARRIERS; DOMAINS AB We study the Coulombic effects of electron-hole plasma on the ground and first excited energy levels and carrier wave functions in a GaN/AlGaN quantum well (QW) structure. The coupled Schrodinger equations for electron and hole states are solved self-consistently in the Hartree-Fock approximation along with the Poisson equation. As expected, the decreasing QW width and increasing plasma density diminish the charge separation in the QW induced by the internal field, leading to the relatively reduced contribution of the Hartree interaction to the energy-level shift. In contrast, the calculation also demonstrates that the contribution of many-body effects becomes more pronounced. The resulting competition between the many-body and Hartree contributions causes a nonmonotonous dependence of the electron and hole energies on the plasma density at a given field. These findings are applied to explore the potential bistable behavior in the QW electroabsorption under near-band-edge photoexcitation. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. USA, Res Off, Div Elect, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Fedorov, IA (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM kwk@ncsu.edu NR 34 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD SEP 15 PY 2005 VL 98 IS 6 AR 063711 DI 10.1063/1.2060937 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 969HU UT WOS:000232226000049 ER PT J AU Sokolov, VN Kim, KW Kochelap, VA Woolard, DL AF Sokolov, VN Kim, KW Kochelap, VA Woolard, DL TI Terahertz generation in submicron GaN diodes within the limited space-charge accumulation regime SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MONTE-CARLO CALCULATION; HIGH-FIELD TRANSPORT; RESOLVED ELECTROABSORPTION MEASUREMENT; MICROWAVE-POWER GENERATION; ELECTRON-TRANSPORT; GALLIUM NITRIDE; HOT-ELECTRONS; WURTZITE GAN; TIME; SEMICONDUCTORS AB The conditions for microwave power generation with hot-electron transport are investigated in a submicron GaN diode when it operates in the limited space-charge accumulation (LSA) mode. Applying a transport model based on the local quasistatic approximation, the analysis shows that the nitride diodes can support the LSA mode of oscillation in the terahertz-frequency range. For a 100 nm n-GaN diode with a cross section of 500 mu m(2) and the electron density of 1x10(17) cm(-3), the generated microwave power is estimated to be as high as approximate to 0.6 W with the corresponding dc-to-rf conversion efficiency of approximate to 9% and the negative differential resistance of approximate to-1.3 Omega; which thus provides an efficient mechanism to achieve very high-frequency microwave generation in the nitrides. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Inst Semicond Phys, Dept Theoret Phys, UA-03028 Kiev, Ukraine. USA, Res Off, Div Elect, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Sokolov, VN (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM kwk@eos.ncsu.edu NR 40 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD SEP 15 PY 2005 VL 98 IS 6 AR 064507 DI 10.1063/1.2060956 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 969HU UT WOS:000232226000083 ER PT J AU Burgess, EB AF Burgess, EB TI A crack in the edge of the world: America and the great California earthquake of 1906. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Burgess, EB (reprint author), USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD SEP 15 PY 2005 VL 130 IS 15 BP 76 EP 76 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 967XF UT WOS:000232123800162 ER PT J AU Burgess, EB AF Burgess, EB TI San Francisco is burning: The untold story of the 1906 earthquake and fires. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Burgess, EB (reprint author), USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD SEP 15 PY 2005 VL 130 IS 15 BP 76 EP 76 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 967XF UT WOS:000232123800161 ER PT J AU Kuklo, TR Potter, BK Polly, DW Lenke, LG AF Kuklo, TR Potter, BK Polly, DW Lenke, LG TI Monaxial versus multiaxial thoracic pedicle screws in the correction of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis SO SPINE LA English DT Article DE thoracic pedicle screw; monaxial; multiaxial; polyaxial; posterior spinal fusion; adolescent idiopathic scoliosis ID BONE-MINERAL DENSITY; BIOMECHANICAL ANALYSIS; LUMBAR SPINE; PULLOUT STRENGTH; STRAIGHT-FORWARD; HOLE PREPARATION; FIXATION; INSTRUMENTATION; HOOK; MORPHOLOGY AB Study Design. Radiographic outcome analysis following thoracic fusion of Lenke Type I adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) curves with segmental pedicle screw fixation. Objective. To compare the correctional capacity of monaxial versus multiaxial pedicle screws in a matched cohort of AIS patients. Summary of Background Data. Thoracic pedicle screws provide improved curve correction over hook and wire or hybrid constructs for AIS. Further, both monaxial and multiaxial screws are available, with each offering certain advantages over the other. However, different screw types have not been evaluated against each other. Methods. We retrospectively reviewed the preoperative and final postoperative follow-up radiographs of an age- and curve-matched cohort of 35 consecutive Lenke Type I AIS patients. Fifteen were treated with monaxial and 20 were treated with multiaxial pedicle screw constructs. All patients had a minimum 2-year follow-up. The average age at surgery was 14 years 4 months (range, 12-17 years) in the monaxial group and 13 years 8 months (12-16 years) in the multiaxial group. Evaluation included coronal proximal thoracic (PT), main thoracic (MT), and thoracolumbar/lumbar (TL/L) Cobb angles and flexibility indexes, regional sagittal curvature, the sagittal apical rib hump (RH) deformity, the apical vertebral body-rib ratio (AVB-R: ratio of linear measures from left and right apical body to lateral rib), and the apical rib spread distance (ARSD, difference of the sums of the intercostal distances at the five periapical segments measured at the lateral transverse process). Results. There was no statistically significant difference with regard to the preoperative PT curves, MT curves, TL/L curves, flexibility indexes, regional sagittal curvature, AVB-R, or ARSD. The preoperative rib humps were significantly greater in the monaxial screw group (42.4 mm vs. 34.7 mm; P=0.02). Postoperative follow-up averaged 59.9 months (range, 24-98 months) for the monaxial group and 38.0 months (range, 24-55 months) for the multiaxial group (P<0.0001). An average of 7.7 vertebral levels were fused in the monaxial group compared with 7.2 levels in the multiaxial group (P=0.39). After surgery, both constructs provided excellent instrumented correction of the MT curves (64.9% vs. 60.0% for the monaxial and multiaxial groups, respectively; P=0.33), as well as good spontaneous correction of the PT (41.3% vs. 40.5%; P=0.92) and TL/L curves (55.4% vs. 51.7%; P=0.66). Monaxial screws demonstrated significantly greater absolute (13.9 mm vs. 25.2 mm; P<0.0001) and relative (66.1% vs. 24.7%; P<0.0001) correction of the apical RH. Additionally, AVB-R (77.9% vs. 54.1%; P=0.0007) and ARSD (82.8% vs. 69.9%; P=0.04) corrections were significantly greater in the monaxial group. There were no neurologic deficits or major complications in either group. Conclusion. Both monaxial and multiaxial thoracic pedicle screws provide excellent coronal deformity correction for thoracic fusion of main thoracic AIS. Monaxial screws provide superior derotation and restoration of thoracic symmetry as noted by significantly greater correction of the AVB-R, RH, and ARSD. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Univ Minnesota, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Spine Serv, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. St Louis Shriners Hosp Children, St Louis, MO USA. RP Kuklo, TR (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM Timothy.Kuklo@na.amedd.army.mil NR 54 TC 45 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3261 USA SN 0362-2436 J9 SPINE JI SPINE PD SEP 15 PY 2005 VL 30 IS 18 BP 2113 EP 2120 DI 10.1097/01.brs.0000179260.73267.f4 PG 8 WC Clinical Neurology; Orthopedics SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Orthopedics GA 964MT UT WOS:000231885900019 PM 16166904 ER PT J AU Chen, NH Li, GY Liszewski, MK Atkinson, JP Jahrling, PB Feng, ZH Schriewer, J Buck, C Wang, CL Lefkowitz, EJ Esposito, JJ Harms, T Damon, IK Roper, RL Upton, C Buller, RML AF Chen, NH Li, GY Liszewski, MK Atkinson, JP Jahrling, PB Feng, ZH Schriewer, J Buck, C Wang, CL Lefkowitz, EJ Esposito, JJ Harms, T Damon, IK Roper, RL Upton, C Buller, RML TI Virulence differences between monkeypox virus isolates from West Africa and the Congo basin SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE monkeypox; genomic sequences; genetic diversity; virulence genes; non-human primates ID COMPLEMENT CONTROL PROTEINS; INFLAMMATION MODULATORY PROTEIN; HOST-RANGE GENE; VACCINIA VIRUS; ECTROMELIA VIRUS; DNA-SEQUENCE; B13R SPI-2; INFECTION; GENOME; PATHOGENESIS AB Studies indicate that West African and Congo basin isolates of monkeypox virus (MPXV) are genetically distinct. Here, we show Congo basin MPXV-ZAI-V79 is more virulent for cynomolgus monkeys as compared to presumed West African MPXV-COP-58. This finding may explain the lack of case-fatalities in the U.S. 2003 monkeypox outbreak, which was caused by a West African virus. Virulence differences between West African and Congo basin MPXV are further supported by epidemiological analyses that observed a similar prevalence of antibodies in non-vaccinated humans in both regions, while > 90% of reported cases occurred in the Congo basin, and no fatal cases were observed outside of this region. To determine the basis for this difference in virulence, we sequenced the genomes of one human West African isolate, and two presumed West African isolates and compared the sequences to Congo basin MPXV-ZAI-96-I-16. The analysis identified DIOL, D14L, B10R, B14R, and B19R as possible virulence genes, with D14L (ortholog of vaccinia complement protein) as a leading candidate. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 St Louis Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Mol Microbiol & Immunol, St Louis, MO 63104 USA. Univ Victoria, Dept Biochem & Microbiol, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada. Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, Div Rheumatol, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. USA, Res Inst Infect Dis, Headquarters, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. ATCC, Virol Collect, Manassas, VA 20108 USA. Univ Alabama, Dept Microbiol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. E Carolina Univ, Brody Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Greenville, NC 27834 USA. RP Buller, RML (reprint author), St Louis Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Mol Microbiol & Immunol, M432,1402 S Grand Blvd, St Louis, MO 63104 USA. EM bullerrm@slu.edu RI Upton, Chris/A-4670-2008; OI Lefkowitz, Elliot/0000-0002-4748-4925; Upton, Chris/0000-0002-9019-8967; Roper, Rachel/0000-0001-6971-7745 FU NIAID NIH HHS [U01 AI48653-02, U01 AI48706, U54 AI057160] NR 61 TC 110 Z9 112 U1 1 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD SEP 15 PY 2005 VL 340 IS 1 BP 46 EP 63 DI 10.1016/j.virol.2005.05.030 PG 18 WC Virology SC Virology GA 960ZJ UT WOS:000231631400005 PM 16023693 ER PT J AU Parthasarathy, R Globus, T Khromova, T Swami, N Woolard, D AF Parthasarathy, R Globus, T Khromova, T Swami, N Woolard, D TI Dielectric properties of biological molecules in the Terahertz gap SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID VIBRATIONAL-SPECTRA; SPECTROSCOPY; THZ; DNA AB In this work, results from parallel measurements of reflection and transmission spectra of biological molecules were utilized to enable detailed and direct calculation of the refractive index and absorption coefficient spectra in the Terahertz gap. The DNA samples from herring and salmon, as well as the protein Ovalbumin sample, have been characterized. The modeling technique is described. The reflection spectra have resonance features similar to those demonstrated earlier for transmission, thereby reaffirming molecular vibrational modes in biological materials. The dispersion of refractive index and absorption coefficient is demonstrated within the Terahertz gap of 10 cm(-1) to 25 cm(-1). The data yielded higher refractive index and absorption coefficient for the single stranded salmon DNA than for the double stranded counterpart, with several different vibrational modes. C1 Univ Virginia, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. USA, Res Lab, Army Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Parthasarathy, R (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. EM tg9a@virginia.edu NR 12 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD SEP 12 PY 2005 VL 87 IS 11 AR 113901 DI 10.1063/1.2046730 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 963KC UT WOS:000231802200067 ER PT J AU Gurton, KP Dahmani, R AF Gurton, KP Dahmani, R TI Effect of surface roughness and complex indices of refraction on polarized thermal emission SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID INFRARED EMISSIVITY; RADIATION; MATRIX; DEW AB We present a series of measurements characterizing the dependence of polarized thermal emission on surface roughness. In particular, we measure the spectrally resolved degree of linear polarization (DOLP) for a series of roughened borosilicate (Pyrex) glass substrates as a function of the roughness parameter Ra, the root-mean-square slope distribution, and observation angle theta. Also measured are a series of smooth glass substrates coated with two particular polymers of interest, i.e., a common commercially available Krylon paint and a chemical-agent-resistant coating paint. The DOLP is measured over a 4-13 mu m wave band by using a modified Fourier transform IR spectrometer in which a wire-grid polarizer and a quarter-wave Fresnel rhomb are used in conjunction to measure all four Stokes parameters. In addition, we show an enhanced DOLP due to anomalous dispersion exhibited by the surface material. (c) 2005 Optical Society of America. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM kgurton@arl.army.mil; rdahmani@arl.army.mil NR 21 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 9 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD SEP 10 PY 2005 VL 44 IS 26 BP 5361 EP 5367 DI 10.1364/AO.44.005361 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA 963GG UT WOS:000231791300001 PM 16161646 ER PT J AU Zhang, SS Allen, JL Xu, K Jow, TR AF Zhang, SS Allen, JL Xu, K Jow, TR TI Optimization of reaction condition for solid-state synthesis of LiFePO4-C composite cathodes SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE LiFePO4; LiFePO4-C composite; carbon; solid-state reaction; rate capability ID RECHARGEABLE LITHIUM BATTERIES; ELECTROCHEMICAL PROPERTIES; PERFORMANCE; CARBON; ELECTRODES; PARTICLES AB We optimized synthesis condition of LiFePO4-C composites by solid-state reaction of LiH2PO4 and FeC(2)O(4)(.)2H(2)O in the presence of carbon powder. The preparation was conducted under a N-2 flow through two heating steps. First, the starting materials were thoroughly mixed in a stoichiometric ratio and decomposed at 350-380 degrees C to form the precursor. Second, the resulting precursor was heated at a high temperature to form the crystalline phase LiFePO4. For formation of the precursor, the optimized temperature was 350 degrees C for LiFePO4 and 380 degrees C for LiFePO4-C composites, respectively. For formation of crystalline phase composites, the optimized condition was to heat the precursor in a pelletized form at 800 degrees C for 5 h, and the optimized content of carbon was 3-10 wt.%. In composites, the carbon not only increases the rate capability, but also enhances capacity stability. We found that capacity of the composites increases with specific surface area of carbon. The best result was observed from a composite made of 8.7 wt.% of black pearls BP 2000 having a specific surface area of 1500 m(2) g(-1). At room temperature and low current rate (0.02C), such a composite shows a specific capacity of 159 mAh g(-1). Electrochemical properties and cycling performance of the optimized composite also were evaluated. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Zhang, SS (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM szhang@arl.army.mil RI Zhang, Sheng/A-4456-2012 OI Zhang, Sheng/0000-0003-4435-4110 NR 33 TC 94 Z9 110 U1 5 U2 48 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD SEP 9 PY 2005 VL 147 IS 1-2 BP 234 EP 240 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2005.01.004 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 969NQ UT WOS:000232241400023 ER PT J AU Bressanini, D Reynolds, PJ AF Bressanini, D Reynolds, PJ TI Unexpected symmetry in the nodal structure of the he atom SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FOCK WAVE-FUNCTIONS; GROUND-STATE; 2-ELECTRON ATOMS; NODES AB The nodes of even simple wave functions are largely unexplored. Motivated by their importance to quantum simulations of fermionic systems, we have found unexpected symmetries in the nodes of several atoms and molecules. Here, we report on helium. We find that in both ground and excited states the nodes have simple forms. In particular, they have higher symmetry than the wave functions they come from. It is of great interest to understand the source of these new symmetries. For the quantum simulations that motivated the study, these symmetries may help circumvent the fermion sign problem. C1 Univ Insubria, Dipartimento Sci Chim & Ambientali, I-22100 Como, Italy. USA, Res Off, Div Phys, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. Georgetown Univ, Dept Phys, Washington, DC 20057 USA. RP Univ Insubria, Dipartimento Sci Chim & Ambientali, Via Lucini 3, I-22100 Como, Italy. EM Dario.Bressanini@uninsubria.it NR 16 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 9 PY 2005 VL 95 IS 11 AR 110201 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.110201 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 963KA UT WOS:000231802000001 PM 16196979 ER PT J AU Sturm, M Douglas, T Racine, C Liston, GE AF Sturm, Matthew Douglas, Tom Racine, Charles Liston, Glen E. TI Changing snow and shrub conditions affect albedo with global implications SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article ID SURFACE-ENERGY BALANCE; ARCTIC TUNDRA; BOREAL FOREST; SEWARD PENINSULA; SEA-ICE; CLIMATE; VEGETATION; COVER; RESPONSES; EXCHANGE AB Observations suggest that shrub abundance in the Arctic is increasing owing to climate warming. We investigated the ramifications of a tundra-to-shrubland transition on winter energy exchange. At five sites in Alaska we suspended a 50-m-long cable above the vegetation and from this measured how the vegetation interacted with the snow and affected albedo. The sites defined a gradient from nearly shrub-free tundra to a woodland with a continuous shrub canopy. Where the shrubs were small, thin-stemmed, and supple, they were bent and buried by snow. Where they were tall, thick-stemmed, and stiff, the shrub canopy remained exposed all winter. Where shrubs were buried, mid-winter albedo values were high (0.85), but where they were exposed, the values were 30% lower (0.60). At these latter sites, melting began several weeks earlier but proceeded more slowly. Consequently, all sites were free of snow about the same time. Using the measurements and a solar model, we estimate that a land surface transition from shrub-free tundra to shrubland could produce a 69 to 75% increase in absorbed solar radiation during the snow-cover period, depending on latitude. This is two thirds the increase associated with a tundra-to-forest transition. When combined with measurements showing that a tundra-to-shrub transition would also produce a net increase in summer heating, our results suggest a positive feedback mechanism associated with a warming-induced increase in shrubs. To our knowledge, ours is the first study to document that shrubs could alter the winter energy balance of tundra in such a substantial way. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Ft Wainwright, AK USA. USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Sturm, M (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Ft Wainwright, AK USA. EM msturm@crrel.usace.army.mil; tdouglas@crrel.usace.army.mil; cracine@crrel.usace.army.mil; liston@iceberg.atmos.colostate.edu NR 47 TC 90 Z9 91 U1 6 U2 72 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-BIOGEO JI J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeosci. PD SEP 7 PY 2005 VL 110 IS G1 AR G01004 DI 10.1029/2005JG000013 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA 090GX UT WOS:000240940100004 ER PT J AU Taylor, AJ Bindeman, J Feuerstein, I Cao, F Brazaitis, M O'Malley, PG AF Taylor, AJ Bindeman, J Feuerstein, I Cao, F Brazaitis, M O'Malley, PG TI Coronary calcium independently predicts incident premature coronary heart disease over measured cardiovascular risk factors - Mean three-year outcomes in the Prospective Army Coronary Calcium (PACC) project SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BEAM COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; TREATMENT PANEL-III; ARTERY CALCIUM; PROGNOSTIC VALUE; ASYMPTOMATIC INDIVIDUALS; EVENTS; ADULTS; CHOLESTEROL; CALCIFICATION; INTERVENTION AB OBJECTIVES We sought to examine the independent predictive value of coronary artery calcium detection for coronary outcomes in a non-referred cohort of healthy men and women ages 40 to 50 years. BACKGROUND Existing studies have suggested that coronary calcium might have incremental predictive value for coronary outcomes above standard coronary risk factors. However, additional data from non-referred and younger populations are needed. METHODS Participants (n = 2,000; mean age 43 years) were evaluated with measured coronary risk variables and coronary calcium detected with electron beam tomography. Incident acute coronary syndromes and sudden cardiac death were ascertained via annual telephonic contacts, with follow-up (mean, 3.0 +/- 1.4 years; range, 1 to 6 years) in 99.2% of the cohort. RESULTS Coronary calcium was found in 22.4% of men and 7.9% of women. A total of 9 acute events occurred in men at a mean age of 46 years, including 7 of 364 men with coronary calcium (1.95%) and 2 of 1,263 men without coronary calcium (0.16%; p < 0.0001 by log-rank). No events occurred in women. In these men, coronary calcium was associated with an 11.8-fold increased risk for incident coronary heart disease (CHD) (p = 0.002) in a Cox model controlling for the Framingham risk score. Among those with coronary artery calcification, the risk of coronary events increased incrementally across tertiles of coronary calcium severity (hazard ratio 4.3 per tertile). A family history of premature CHD was also predictive of incident events. The marginal cost effectiveness, assuming a 30% improvement in survival associated with primary prevention among at-risk men, was modeled to be $37,633 per quality-adjusted life year saved. CONCLUSIONS In young, asymptomatic men, the presence of coronary artery calcification provides substantial, cost-effective, independent prognostic value in predicting incident CHD that is incremental to measured coronary risk factors. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Cardiol, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Taylor, AJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Cardiol, Dept Med, 6900 Georgia Ave NW,Bldg 2,Room 3l28, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM allen.taylor@na.amedd.army.mil NR 30 TC 347 Z9 354 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0735-1097 J9 J AM COLL CARDIOL JI J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. PD SEP 6 PY 2005 VL 46 IS 5 BP 807 EP 814 DI 10.1016/j.jacc.2005.05.049 PG 8 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 961AW UT WOS:000231635300011 PM 16139129 ER PT J AU McKenna, J Blackwell, D Moyes, C Patterson, PD AF McKenna, J Blackwell, D Moyes, C Patterson, PD TI Geothermal electric power supply possible from Gulf Coast, Midcontinent oil field waters SO OIL & GAS JOURNAL LA English DT Article C1 USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. So Methodist Univ, Dallas, TX 75275 USA. Moyes & Co Inc, Dallas, TX USA. RP McKenna, J (reprint author), USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM Jason.R.McKenna@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 11 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU PENNWELL PUBL CO ENERGY GROUP PI TULSA PA 1421 S SHERIDAN RD PO BOX 1260, TULSA, OK 74112 USA SN 0030-1388 J9 OIL GAS J JI Oil Gas J. PD SEP 5 PY 2005 VL 103 IS 33 BP 34 EP 40 PG 7 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Petroleum SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 963DL UT WOS:000231783400015 ER PT J AU Jensen, JO AF Jensen, JO TI Vibrational frequencies and structural determination of cyanogen chloride hydrofluoride SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE-THEOCHEM LA English DT Article DE vibrations; normal mode frequencies; infrared spectra; Raman spectra; cyanogen chloride hydrolluoride ID GAS-PHASE; INFRARED-SPECTRA; SPECTROSCOPY; COMPLEXES; HF; MATRIX; HCN AB The vibrational frequencies and corresponding normal mode assignments of cyanogen chloride hydrofluoride are examined theoretically using the Gaussian 03 set of quantum chemistry codes. All normal modes were successfully assigned a motion type (H-F stretch, C &3bond; N stretch, Cl-C stretch, Cl-C equivalent to N bend, F-H wag, (NH)-H-... stretch, and N... H-F bend) utilizing the C-infinity v symmetry of the molecule. Calculated infrared intensities and Raman activities are reported. The molecular orbitals and bonding of cyanogen chloride hydrofluoride are examined. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSRD, ECB,RT,DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Jensen, JO (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSRD, ECB,RT,DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM jim.jensen@us.army.mil NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-1280 J9 J MOL STRUC-THEOCHEM JI Theochem-J. Mol. Struct. PD SEP 2 PY 2005 VL 728 IS 1-3 BP 135 EP 139 DI 10.1016/j.theochem.2005.02.059 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 962RT UT WOS:000231750600019 ER PT J AU Jensen, JO AF Jensen, JO TI Vibrational frequencies and structural determination of selenium dithiocyanate SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE-THEOCHEM LA English DT Article DE vibrations; normal mode frequencies; infrared spectra; Raman spectra; selenium dithiocyanate; selenium thiocyanate AB The vibrational frequencies and corresponding normal mode assignments of selenium dithiocyanate are examined theoretically using the GAUSSIAN03 set of quantum chemistry codes. Two conformers were found with C-2 and C-s symmetry. A thermodynamic analysis shows that the two forms of selenium dithiocyanate have free energies that are very similar and that both forms would likely exist at appreciable concentrations at room temperature in the gas phase. All normal modes were successfully assigned to one of seven types of motion predicted by a group theoretical analysis (C=-N stretch, S-C stretch, Se-S stretch, S-C=-N bend, Se-S-C bend, S-Se-S bend, and S-Se-S-C torsion). Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSRD, ECB,RT,DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Jensen, JO (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSRD, ECB,RT,DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM jim.jensen@us.army.mil NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-1280 J9 J MOL STRUC-THEOCHEM JI Theochem-J. Mol. Struct. PD SEP 2 PY 2005 VL 728 IS 1-3 BP 243 EP 248 DI 10.1016/j.theochem.2005.02.060 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 962RT UT WOS:000231750600033 ER PT J AU McManus, J Magaret, ND Hedges, JR Rayner, NB Rice, M AF McManus, J Magaret, ND Hedges, JR Rayner, NB Rice, M TI A survey of oregon emergency physicians to assess mandatory reporting knowledge and reporting patterns regarding intoxicated drivers in the state of Oregon SO ACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Research Forum of the American-College-of-Emergency-Physicians CY OCT 17-18, 2004 CL San Francisco, CA SP Amer Coll Emergency Physicians DE alcohol; mandatory reporting; survey; DUI; intoxication; driving ID ALCOHOL-IMPAIRED DRIVERS AB Objectives: To assess emergency physician reporting patterns in Oregon before and after the passage of a mandatory intoxicated driving reporting law. Methods: A one-page survey was mailed to 504 emergency physicians in Oregon in April 2004. Data on reporting frequency were collected using a four-point ordinal scale regarding motor vehicle crash-involved drivers (MIDs) and intoxicated persons attempting to drive away from the emergency department (DAEDs). Paired observations were assessed for a stated increase in reporting activity following passage of the law using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Associations of postlaw reporting and demographic and knowledge factors were sought using Spearman rank correlation analysis. Results: Of the 504 surveys mailed, 298 (59%) were adequate for analysis. Many respondents (57%) were already aware of the law. Most (92%) agreed that physicians should be mandated to report some crimes. MIDs were always reported by 18% of physicians before the law and by 47% afterward, whereas DAEDs were always reported by 56% of physicians before the law and by 69% afterward. Emergency medicine-trained physicians, higher emergency department census, and increased years of experience were associated with a significantly higher increase in reporting pattern after passage of the law for both MIDs and DAEDs. Conclusions: Although 44% of responding emergency physicians in Oregon were unaware of a mandated reporting law for intoxicated drivers presenting to the ED, most physicians stated an increase in their reporting practice. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Ctr Policy & Res Emergency Med, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Multnomah Cty Dept Publ Hlth, Portland, OR USA. NW Emergency Phys & Team Hlth, Federal Way, WA USA. RP McManus, J (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM john.mcmanus@amedd.army.mil NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU HANLEY & BELFUS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 210 S 13TH ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19107 USA SN 1069-6563 J9 ACAD EMERG MED JI Acad. Emerg. Med. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 12 IS 9 BP 896 EP 899 DI 10.1197/j.aem.2005.04.023 PG 4 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 962GT UT WOS:000231719700016 PM 16141026 ER PT J AU Happi, CT Gbotosho, GO Folarin, OA Akinboye, DO Yusuf, BO Ebong, OO Sowunmi, A Kyle, DE Milhous, W Wirth, DF Oduola, AMJ AF Happi, CT Gbotosho, GO Folarin, OA Akinboye, DO Yusuf, BO Ebong, OO Sowunmi, A Kyle, DE Milhous, W Wirth, DF Oduola, AMJ TI Polymorphisms in Plasmodium falciparum dhfr and dhps genes and age related in vivo sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine resistance in malaria-infected patients from Nigeria SO ACTA TROPICA LA English DT Article DE malaria; Plasmodium falciparum; dhfr; dhps; sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine resistance; Nigeria ID CHLOROQUINE TREATMENT FAILURE; DIHYDROFOLATE-REDUCTASE; DIHYDROPTEROATE SYNTHASE; MOLECULAR MARKERS; UNCOMPLICATED MALARIA; COMPARATIVE EFFICACY; CLINICAL-RESPONSE; DRUG-RESISTANCE; CHILDREN; MUTATIONS AB Mutations in Plasmodium falciparum dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr) and dihydropteroate synthase (dhps) genes have been used as means to predict treatment failure to sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) and for monitoring/surveillance of resistance to the drug in many areas where malaria is endemic. However, patients responses to treatment are significantly dependent on factors like host immunity profile of treated patients. In order to investigate the relationship between molecular markers of SP resistance, host immunity and clinical outcome, the association between pre-treatment dhfr and dhps genotypes, age and treatment outcomes was evaluated in 109 children treated with SP for acute uncomplicated malaria in Ibadan, Nigeria. Seventy-three percent of the children were cured with the drug, while 27% failed treatment after 28 days of follow-up. All children infected with parasites harboring less than two dhfr/dhps mutations were cured with SP. The dhfr triple (Asn-108[Ile-51/Arg-59) mutants or the dhps double mutants (Gly-437/Glu-540) were independently associated with SP treatment failure in children aged less than 5 years, but not in older children. The dhfr and dhps quintuple mutant (dhfr triple mutant + dhps double mutant) was the genotype most strongly associated with SP treatment failure (OR = 24.72, 95%CI = 8.24-74.15) in both younger and older children. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Ibadan, Postgrad Inst Med Res & Training, Malaria Res Labs, Coll Med, Ibadan, Nigeria. Univ Port Harcourt, Coll Hlth Sci, Dept Pharmacol, Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Silver Spring, MD USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Immunol & Infect Dis, Boston, MA 02115 USA. WHO, TDR, Special Program Res & Training Trop Dis, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. RP Happi, CT (reprint author), Univ Ibadan, Postgrad Inst Med Res & Training, Malaria Res Labs, Coll Med, Ibadan, Nigeria. EM christianhappi@hotmail.com FU FIC NIH HHS [R03TW006298-01A1] NR 46 TC 57 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0001-706X J9 ACTA TROP JI Acta Trop. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 95 IS 3 BP 183 EP 193 DI 10.1016/j.actatropica.2005.06.015 PG 11 WC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 964MX UT WOS:000231886300003 PM 16023986 ER PT J AU Krauter, P Biermann, A Larsen, L AF Krauter, P Biermann, A Larsen, L TI Transport efficiency and deposition velocity of fluidized spores in ventilation ducts SO AEROBIOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Bacillus atrophaeus; Bacillus globigii; biological warfare agent; fluidized spore; spore deposition; spore transport; ventilation duct ID PARTICLES; SURFACES; SMOOTH; MODEL AB Experiments with dry, fluidized spores were conducted in a test apparatus to delineate the extent of spore contamination and deposition behavior under normal airflow conditions within a ventilation system. The surrogate biological warfare agent used in experiments was the spore- forming bacterium Bacillus atrophaeus. Viable- spore- counting methods were used in the study because they provide the most important number for estimating human health effects. Three common ventilation duct materials were evaluated: flexible plastic, galvanized steel, and internally insulated fiberglass. Transport efficiency ranged from 9 to 13% in steel and fiberglass ducts; transport efficiency was far less ( 0.1 - 4%) in plastic duct. Results showed that the deposition of surrogate biological warfare agent was significantly different in the three duct materials evaluated. All experimentally determined, dimensionless deposition velocities were in the range of theoretical predictions for dimensionless roughness, k(+)= 10. All were 10 - 100 times greater than the velocities predicted for ducts with smoother surfaces, k(+)= 0.1. For plastic duct, greater dimensionless deposition velocities were likely the result of charge forces between spores and surface. However, for the steel duct, a relatively large dimensionless deposition velocity was unexpected. These findings imply that building contamination will likely vary, depending on the specific type of duct material used throughout an affected area. Results of this study may aid in re. ning existing particle- transport models and remediation activities. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. USA, W Desert Test Ctr, Army Dugway Proving Ground, Dugway, UT 84022 USA. RP Krauter, P (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 E Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM krauter2@llnl.gov NR 27 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0393-5965 J9 AEROBIOLOGIA JI Aerobiologia PD SEP PY 2005 VL 21 IS 3-4 BP 155 EP 172 DI 10.1007/s10453-005-9001-z PG 18 WC Biology; Environmental Sciences SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 998VF UT WOS:000234347300002 ER PT J AU Haymore, BR Carr, WW Frank, WT AF Haymore, BR Carr, WW Frank, WT TI Anaphylaxis and epinephrine prescribing patterns in a military hospital: Underutilization of the intramuscular route SO ALLERGY AND ASTHMA PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Article ID FOOD; EPIDEMIOLOGY; ABSORPTION; EMERGENCY; CHILDREN; ALLERGY AB Epinephrine is the only definitive treatment of anaphylaxis, and recent evidence suggests that the intramuscular route has superior pharmacokinetics to subcutaneous administration. There is little data regarding what route is commonly used in clinical practice. The objective of this article is to determine the rate of epinephrine use in cases of anaphylaxis and route of administration utilized. A retrospective review was made of 220 medical records with the primary diagnosis of urticaria, angioedema, or anaphylaxis over a 28-month period at a military medical center. Twenty-four cases of anaphylaxis identified in the records. Demographics, along with signs and symptoms of those experiencing anaphylaxis, were similar to other published reports. Epinephrine was given in only 50% of cases and largely by the subcutaneous route. No intramuscular epinephrine was administered. H-I blockers and steroids were the most commonly administered treatments. H-2 blockers were given at the same rate as epinephrine. An autoinjector was prescribed in 29% of cases with instruction on its use documented in 13%. An allergy referral was made in 29% of cases. Greater educational efforts and collaboration are needed between the allergy community and other providers regarding the importance of administering epinephrine intramuscularly, prescribing autoinjectors, and referring to an allergist in cases of anaphylaxis. C1 William Beaumont Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Sect Internal Med, El Paso, TX 79920 USA. William Beaumont Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Sect Allergy & Immunol, El Paso, TX 79920 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Allergy & Immunol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Haymore, BR (reprint author), William Beaumont Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Sect Internal Med, 5005 N Peidras St, El Paso, TX 79920 USA. NR 22 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU OCEAN SIDE PUBLICATIONS INC PI PROVIDENCE PA 95 PITMAN ST, PROVIDENCE, RI 02906 USA SN 1088-5412 J9 ALLERGY ASTHMA PROC JI Allergy Asthma Proc. PD SEP-OCT PY 2005 VL 26 IS 5 BP 361 EP 365 PG 5 WC Allergy SC Allergy GA 978XR UT WOS:000232906800007 PM 16450570 ER PT J AU Gentlesk, PJ Wiley, T Taylor, AJ AF Gentlesk, PJ Wiley, T Taylor, AJ TI A prospective evaluation of the effect of simvastatin on heart rate variability in non-ischemic cardiomyopathy SO AMERICAN HEART JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID COA REDUCTASE INHIBITORS; IDIOPATHIC DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY; PREVIOUS MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; LONG-TERM REPRODUCIBILITY; BLOOD-PRESSURE CONTROL; NITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHASE; LIPID-LOWERING DRUGS; SUDDEN CARDIAC DEATH; PROGNOSTIC VALUE; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC PATIENTS AB Background Modulation of sympathetic tone may contribute to statin-mediated reduction in sudden cardiac death. We examined the effect of simvastatin on heart rate variability (HRV) in patients with non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy to evaluate for an antisympathetic effect of statins independent of anti-ischemic properties. Methods The study was a prospective, open-label, self-controlled trial. Frequency domain analysis of HRV was assessed in 25 patients with non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy at baseline and after a 6-week course of simvastatin. The primary end point was the change in 5-minute sitting total spectral power (TSP) as a composite measurement of autonomic nervous system modulation. Secondary end points included the change in respiratory frequency area (RFa) with deep breathing (parasympathetic stress) and in low-frequency area (LFa) with Valsalva (sympathetic stress). Results Simvastatin had no effect on 5-minute sitting TSP (baseline 1932 +/- 1165 vs posttreatment 2570 +/- 1877 square milliseconds, P=.770), RFa with deep breathing (baseline 19 +/- 7 vs posttreatment 14 +/- 4 [beat/min](2), P=.31), or LFa with Valsalva (baseline 26 +/- 6 vs posttreatment 32 +/- 8 [beat/min](2), P=.342). Bivariate analysis demonstrated no correlation between low-density lipoprotein (LDL) change and change in TSP or RFa, but did demonstrate an inverse relationship between change in LDL and change in LFa with Valsalva stress (r=-0.45 and P=.041). Conclusion Although simvastatin did not change baseline HRV, a modest relationship exists between the extent of LDL reduction and sympathetic responsiveness to stress. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Cardiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Taylor, AJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Cardiol, Room 4A,Bldg 2,6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM allen.taylor@na.amedd.army.mil NR 47 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0002-8703 J9 AM HEART J JI Am. Heart J. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 150 IS 3 BP 478 EP 483 DI 10.1016/j.ahj.2004.10.031 PG 6 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 970WQ UT WOS:000232343500022 PM 16169328 ER PT J AU Frizzell, ER Wong, R Hwang, I Maydonovich, C Gurevich-Uvena, J AF Frizzell, ER Wong, R Hwang, I Maydonovich, C Gurevich-Uvena, J TI The prevalence of gastoesophageal reflux in Extra Thoracic Airway Obstruction SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 70th Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Gastroenterology CY OCT 30-NOV 02, 2005 CL Honolulu, HI SP Amer Coll Gastroenterol C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 100 IS 9 SU S MA 6 BP S24 EP S25 PG 2 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 964BK UT WOS:000231853500007 ER PT J AU Horwhat, JD Andrews, AH AF Horwhat, JD Andrews, AH TI Massive pneumoperitoneum after EUS FNA of the pancreas SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 70th Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Gastroenterology CY OCT 30-NOV 02, 2005 CL Honolulu, HI SP Amer Coll Gastroenterol C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Gastroenterol Serv, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 100 IS 9 SU S MA 560 BP S212 EP S213 PG 2 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 964BK UT WOS:000231853501168 ER PT J AU Lee, DH Andrews, AH Dobhan, R Kim, CH Cash, BD Chey, WD AF Lee, DH Andrews, AH Dobhan, R Kim, CH Cash, BD Chey, WD TI A prospective, multicenter US trial to determine the yield of routine diagnostic testing in suspected diarrhea-predominant and alternating IBS patients SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 70th Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Gastroenterology CY OCT 30-NOV 02, 2005 CL Honolulu, HI SP Amer Coll Gastroenterol C1 Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Bethesda, MD 48109 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Northwest, DC USA. Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 100 IS 9 SU S MA 918 BP S336 EP S336 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 964BK UT WOS:000231853502176 ER PT J AU Lukish, JR Norwood, C Delorimier, A AF Lukish, JR Norwood, C Delorimier, A TI Laser photothermolysis in the treatment of pilonidal disease in children SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 70th Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Gastroenterology CY OCT 30-NOV 02, 2005 CL Honolulu, HI SP Amer Coll Gastroenterol C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Bethesda, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 100 IS 9 SU S MA 1042 BP S379 EP S379 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 964BK UT WOS:000231853502299 ER PT J AU Manninen, ES Devine, PJ Jackson, WL Jezior, MR AF Manninen, ES Devine, PJ Jackson, WL Jezior, MR TI When it's in the eyes of the beerholder SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 70th Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Gastroenterology CY OCT 30-NOV 02, 2005 CL Honolulu, HI SP Amer Coll Gastroenterol C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 100 IS 9 SU S MA 176 BP S81 EP S81 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 964BK UT WOS:000231853500177 ER PT J AU Moawad, FJ Truesdell, AG Mulhall, BP AF Moawad, FJ Truesdell, AG Mulhall, BP TI A "fishy" cough: Hepatobronchial fistula due to a pyogenic liver abscess SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 70th Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Gastroenterology CY OCT 30-NOV 02, 2005 CL Honolulu, HI SP Amer Coll Gastroenterol C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 100 IS 9 SU S MA 252 BP S106 EP S106 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 964BK UT WOS:000231853500253 ER PT J AU Patel, PD Koff, JM Montilla, JL Hwang, I AF Patel, PD Koff, JM Montilla, JL Hwang, I TI Incidental luminal GI findings on (18)FDG PET-CT SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 70th Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Gastroenterology CY OCT 30-NOV 02, 2005 CL Honolulu, HI SP Amer Coll Gastroenterol C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Gastroenterol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 100 IS 9 SU S MA 733 BP S273 EP S274 PG 2 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 964BK UT WOS:000231853501341 ER PT J AU Tsai, C Mulhall, B AF Tsai, C Mulhall, B TI Small bowel obstruction from apricot ingestion SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 70th Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Gastroenterology CY OCT 30-NOV 02, 2005 CL Honolulu, HI SP Amer Coll Gastroenterol C1 Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Gastroenterol, Bethesda, MD 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Gastroenterol Serv, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 100 IS 9 SU S MA 541 BP S204 EP S205 PG 2 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 964BK UT WOS:000231853501149 ER PT J AU Young, PE Sachar, DA Osgard, EM AF Young, PE Sachar, DA Osgard, EM TI Eosinophilic gastroenteritis and PSC: A case for azathioprine SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 70th Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Gastroenterology CY OCT 30-NOV 02, 2005 CL Honolulu, HI SP Amer Coll Gastroenterol C1 Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Bethesda, MD 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC USA. Womack Army Med Ctr, Fayetteville, AR USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 100 IS 9 SU S MA 561 BP S213 EP S213 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 964BK UT WOS:000231853501169 ER PT J AU Rennix, CP Quinn, MM Amoroso, PJ Eisen, EA Wegman, DH AF Rennix, CP Quinn, MM Amoroso, PJ Eisen, EA Wegman, DH TI Risk of breast cancer among enlisted army women occupationally exposed to volatile organic compounds SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE breast cancer incidence; enlisted army occupations; organic solvents; VOCs; occupational exposure ID UNITED-STATES; ALCOHOL; POPULATION; HYPOTHESIS; TEACHERS; SHANGHAI; HISTORY AB Background The military presents a unique opportunity to study the incidence of disease in a population with complete knowledge of person-time and occupation. Women in the Army are employed more frequently in non-traditional, industrial jobs such as auto mechanic and motor transport operators than in the general US population, increasing the probability of exposure to industrial chemicals. A cohort to investigate the risk of breast cancer among active duty Army women occupationally exposed to volatile organic chemicals (VOCs) was constructed. Methods Age-adjusted incidence rates for breast cancer were calculatedfor more than 270,000 enlisted women who served between 1980-1996. Twenty-one VOCs, described in previously published literature as having a potential risk of breast cancer, were identified in an Army industrial hygiene survey database. Job title histories were linked to workplace chemical evaluations conducted by Army industrial hygienists, which included a subjective exposure potential rating (high, medium, low, and none)for each VOC Poisson regression analysis was used to evaluate the association between the exposure rating by job title and breast cancer. Results The incidence of breast cancer in the cohort was significantly elevated in women younger than 35 years of age, especially among black women, when compared to the age-specific rates in the general population. Women who worked in occupations with a moderate to high exposure potential to at least one VOC had a 48% increased risk (P < 0.05) of breast cancer while on active duty between 1980-1996 when compared to those women with low to no exposure potential. Conclusions This study provides preliminary evidence that exposure to one or more Of the study VOCs is associated with an increased risk of breast cancer Further substance-specific, quantitative analyses are warranted. C1 Navy Environm Hlth Ctr, Environm Programs, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Dept Work Environm, Lowell, MA USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Performance Dept, Total Army Injury Hlth Outcomes Database, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Sch Hlth & Environm, Lowell, MA USA. RP Rennix, CP (reprint author), Navy Environm Hlth Ctr, Environm Programs, 620 John Paul Jones Circle Suite 1100, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. EM cprennix@mar.med.navy.mil NR 46 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 11 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0271-3586 J9 AM J IND MED JI Am. J. Ind. Med. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 48 IS 3 BP 157 EP 167 DI 10.1002/ajim.20201 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 960SS UT WOS:000231614100001 PM 16094615 ER PT J AU Heidenreich, PA Chacko, M Goidstein, MK Atwood, JE AF Heidenreich, PA Chacko, M Goidstein, MK Atwood, JE TI ACE inhibitor reminders attached to echocardiography reports of patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID HEART-FAILURE; ENDOCARDITIS; ENALAPRIL; CARE AB Although treatment with angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors is known to improve outcome for patients with left ventricular dysfunction, (1,2) their use in the community has been suboptimal.(3) Even when ACE inhibitors are prescribed, the dose used is usually below what has been shown to be effective in randomized clinical trials.(4) The goal of this study was to determine if the addition of a reminder to the echocardiography report for patients with a reduced ejection fraction could increase the use of moderate or greater doses of ACE inhibitors or alternative appropriate treatment (eg, angiotensin receptor blockers). C1 Stanford Univ, Dept Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Heidenreich, PA (reprint author), Palo Alto VA Hlth Care Syst, 111C Cardiol,3801 Miranda Ave, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. EM heiden@stanford.edu OI Heidenreich, Paul/0000-0001-7730-8490 NR 8 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 650 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-9343 J9 AM J MED JI Am. J. Med. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 118 IS 9 BP 1034 EP 1037 DI 10.1016/j.amjmed.2004.12.028 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 963MB UT WOS:000231807300018 PM 16164891 ER PT J AU Shields, AD Wright, J Paonessa, DJ Gotkin, J Howard, BC Hoeldtke, NJ Napolitano, PG AF Shields, AD Wright, J Paonessa, DJ Gotkin, J Howard, BC Hoeldtke, NJ Napolitano, PG TI Progesterone modulation of inflammatory cytokine production in a fetoplacental artery explant model SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 25th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Maternal-Fetal-Medicine CY FEB 09-12, 2005 CL Reno, NV SP Soc Maternal Fetal Med DE progesterone; cytokines; inflammation; fetal artery; interleukin-6 ID FLUID INTERLEUKIN-6 LEVELS; HUMAN-ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; INTACT MEMBRANES; PRETERM LABOR; CHORIOAMNIONITIS; INFANTS; IL-6; ACTIVATION; EXPRESSION AB Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine if progesterone has an effect on fetoplacental artery production of inflammatory cytokines. Study design: Chorionic plate arteries were dissected from 5 placentas obtained from normal pregnancies after delivery at term. Arteries were incubated in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) alone, DMEM and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), DMEM with progesterone (P4), and DMEM with P4 and LPS. Samples of the tissue culture media were collected and evaluated for interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and interleukin-10 (IL-10) by immunoassay. Results: There was a significant decrease in the production of IL-6 in P4-exposed fetoplacental arteries after LPS stimulation (P < .001). IL-10 and TNF-alpha levels were similar in control and treatment groups after LPS exposure. Conclusion: Pretreating fetoplacental arteries with P4 significantly decreased the production of IL-6 after LPS stimulation without altering the production of TNF-alpha or IL-10. (C) 2005 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Madigan Army Med Ctr, Div Maternal Fetal Med, Dept OB GYN, Antenatal Diagnost Ctr,MCHJ OG, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Div Maternal Fetal Med, Tacoma, WA USA. RP Shields, AD (reprint author), Madigan Army Med Ctr, Div Maternal Fetal Med, Dept OB GYN, Antenatal Diagnost Ctr,MCHJ OG, 3 North, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. EM andrea.shields@nw.amedd.army.mil OI Shields, Andrea/0000-0002-6729-503X NR 23 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0002-9378 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 193 IS 3 BP 1144 EP 1148 DI 10.1016/j.ajog.2005.05.046 PN 2 PG 5 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 966IQ UT WOS:000232013700043 PM 16157127 ER PT J AU Bruner, MK Hilgers, KK Silveira, AM Butters, JM AF Bruner, MK Hilgers, KK Silveira, AM Butters, JM TI Graduate orthodontic education: The residents' perspective SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ORTHODONTICS AND DENTOFACIAL ORTHOPEDICS LA English DT Article AB Introduction: The purpose of this study was to identify current demographic trends of orthodontic residents, their goals for the future, and their perspectives on orthodontic training. Methods: A 26-item survey was conducted at the Graduate Orthodontic Residency Program (GORP) at Harvard University in August 2003. Questionnaires were distributed to residents representing 51 orthodontic programs (of 58 in the United States). Surveys were sent to 5 of the 7 programs whose residents did not attend GORP. Results: Of the 380 questionnaires distributed, 295 were completed and returned at the meeting for a 77% response rate. Additionally, 35 of the 50 mailed questionnaires were completed and returned, for a total response rate of 77% (330 completed/430 distributed). Most residents stated that clinical education was the most important factor when choosing a residency. Most residents planned to publish their research, complete American Board of Orthodontics certification requirements, and work 4 days a week after program completion. Conclusions: Several trends were identified since orthodontic residents were last surveyed in 1992. The most significant change reported was an increase in the number of those who plan to complete American Board of Orthodontics certification requirements. C1 Univ Louisville, Sch Dent, Dept Orthodont & Pediat Dent, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthodont, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Bruner, MK (reprint author), Univ Louisville, Sch Dent, Dept Orthodont & Pediat Dent, 501 S Preston, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. EM matthew.bruner@aaoinembers.org NR 11 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0889-5406 J9 AM J ORTHOD DENTOFAC JI Am. J. Orthod. Dentofac. Orthop. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 128 IS 3 BP 277 EP 282 DI 10.1016/j.ajodo.2005.04.031 PG 6 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 965PH UT WOS:000231962200004 PM 16168322 ER PT J AU Babcock, MS Foster, L Pasquina, P Jabbari, B AF Babcock, MS Foster, L Pasquina, P Jabbari, B TI Treatment of pain attributed to plantar fasciitis with botulinum toxin A: A short-term, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE & REHABILITATION LA English DT Article DE botulinum toxin A; botox; plantar fasciitis; sports injuries; pain; foot ID SCALES; MUSCLE; RELIABILITY; SENSITIVITY; INJECTION; GLUTAMATE AB Objective: To investigate the effect of botulinum toxin A on associated pain and functional impairment of refractory plantar fasciitis. Design: This is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of 27 patients (43 feet) with plantar fasciitis. Block randomization was performed using computer software. In patients with bilateral symptoms of comparable severity, botulinum toxin A was injected in one foot and saline in the other foot. The treatment group received a total of 70 units of botulinum toxin A divided into two sites per foot. One of the two sites was the tender area in the medial aspect of the heel close to the calcaneal tuberosity (40 units), and the other was in the arch of the foot between an inch anterior to the heel and middle of the foot (30 units). The placebo group received the same volume of normal saline. Main outcome measures included: Pain Visual Analog Scale, Maryland Foot Score, Pain Relief Visual Analog Scale, and pressure algometry response. Patients were assessed before injection, at 3 wks, and at 8 wks. Results: The study revealed statistically significant changes in the treatment group. Compared with placebo injections, the botulinum toxin A group improved in all measures: Pain Visual Analog Scale (P < 0.005), Maryland Foot Score (P = 0.001), Pain Relief Visual Analog Scale (P < 0.0005), and pressure algometry response (P = 0.003). No side effects were noted. Conclusions: Botulinum toxin A injection for plantar fasciitis yields significant improvements in pain relief and overall foot function at both 3 and 8 wks after treatment. C1 WRAMC, Phys Med & Rehabil Serv, Orthoped & Rehabil Dept, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Neurol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, New Haven, CT 06510 USA. RP Babcock, MS (reprint author), WRAMC, Phys Med & Rehabil Serv, Orthoped & Rehabil Dept, Room 3J19,6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 33 TC 52 Z9 55 U1 1 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3261 USA SN 0894-9115 J9 AM J PHYS MED REHAB JI Am. J. Phys. Med. Rehabil. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 84 IS 9 BP 649 EP 654 DI 10.1097/01.phm.0000176339.73591.d7 PG 6 WC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA 962XS UT WOS:000231767300001 PM 16141740 ER PT J AU Friedlander, AL Braun, B Pollack, M MacDonald, JR Fulco, CS Muza, SR Rock, PB Henderson, GC Horning, MA Brooks, GA Hoffman, AR Cymerman, A AF Friedlander, AL Braun, B Pollack, M MacDonald, JR Fulco, CS Muza, SR Rock, PB Henderson, GC Horning, MA Brooks, GA Hoffman, AR Cymerman, A TI Three weeks of caloric restriction alters protein metabolism in normal-weight, young men SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM LA English DT Article DE energy intake; energy expenditure; leucine flux; exercise; nitrogen balance; lean mass ID PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE; LEUCINE METABOLISM; ENERGY-METABOLISM; NITROGEN-BALANCE; DIETARY-PROTEIN; EXERCISE; HUMANS; ENDURANCE; TURNOVER; GLUCOSE AB The effects of prolonged caloric restriction ( CR) on protein kinetics in lean subjects has not been investigated previously. The purpose of this study was to test the hypotheses that 21 days of CR in lean subjects would 1) result in significant losses of lean mass despite a suppression in leucine turnover and oxidation and 2) negatively impact exercise performance. Nine young, normal- weight men [ 23 +/- 5 y, 78.6 +/- 5.7 kg, peak oxygen consumption ( VO2 (peak)) 45.2 +/- 7.3 ml . kg(-1) . min(-1), mean +/- SD] were underfed by 40% of the calories required to maintain body weight for 21 days and lost 3.8 +/- 0.3 kg body wt and 2.0 +/- 0.4 kg lean mass. Protein intake was kept at 1.2 g . kg(-1) . day(-1). Leucine kinetics were measured using alpha- ketoisocaproic acid reciprocal pool model in the postabsorptive state during rest and 50 min of exercise ( EX) at 50% of VO2 (peak). Body composition, basal metabolic rate ( BMR), and exercise performance were measured throughout the intervention. At rest, leucine flux ( approximate to 131 mu mol . kg(-1) . h(-1)) and oxidation ( R-ox; approximate to 19 mu mol . kg(-1) . h(-1)) did not differ pre- and post- CR. During EX, leucine flux ( 129 +/- 6 vs. 121 +/- 6) and R-ox ( 54 +/- 6 vs. 46 +/- 8) were lower after CR than they were pre- CR. Nitrogen balance was negative throughout the intervention ( approximate to 3.0g N/ day), and BMR declined from 1,898 +/- 262 to 1,670 +/- 203 kcal/ day. Aerobic performance ( VO2 peak, endurance cycling) was not impacted by CR, but arm flexion endurance decreased by 20%. In conclusion, 3 wk of caloric restriction reduced leucine flux and R-ox during exercise in normal- weight young men. However, despite negative nitrogen balance and loss of lean mass, whole body exercise performance was well maintained in response to CR. C1 VA Palo Alto Hlth Care Syst, GRECC, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. VA Palo Alto Hlth Care Syst, Res Serv, Palo Alto, CA USA. VA Palo Alto Hlth Care Syst, Med Serv, Palo Alto, CA USA. Stanford Univ, Program Human Biol, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Med, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Dept Exercise Sci, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Oklahoma State Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Ctr Aerosp & Hyperbar Med, Tulsa, OK USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Integrat Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Friedlander, AL (reprint author), VA Palo Alto Hlth Care Syst, GRECC, 182B,Bldg MB2,3801 Miranda Ave, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. EM friedlan@stanford.edu OI Brooks, George A./0000-0002-1389-1629 NR 42 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0193-1849 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-ENDOC M JI Am. J. Physiol.-Endocrinol. Metab. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 289 IS 3 BP E446 EP E455 DI 10.1152/ajpendo.00001.2005 PG 10 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Physiology SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Physiology GA 957SZ UT WOS:000231394900013 PM 15870104 ER PT J AU Bui-Mansfield, LT AF Bui-Mansfield, LT TI Whatever happened to the 50 most frequently cited articles published in AJR? SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ROENTGENOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; DIAGNOSIS C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Radiol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. RP Bui-Mansfield, LT (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, 3851 Roger Brook Dr,FSH, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM liem_mansfield@hotmail.com NR 12 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ROENTGEN RAY SOC PI RESTON PA 1891 PRESTON WHITE DR, SUBSCRIPTION FULFILLMENT, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0361-803X J9 AM J ROENTGENOL JI Am. J. Roentgenol. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 185 IS 3 BP 597 EP 601 PG 5 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 961GU UT WOS:000231650700005 PM 16120905 ER PT J AU Schnitzler, MA Whiting, JF Brennan, DC Lentine, KL Desai, NM Chapman, W Abbott, KC Kalo, Z AF Schnitzler, MA Whiting, JF Brennan, DC Lentine, KL Desai, NM Chapman, W Abbott, KC Kalo, Z TI HHS initiative to increase organ donation; organ donor breakthrough collaborative SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article DE deceased donor; organ donation; organ procurement; organ utilization ID UNITED-STATES; TRANSPLANTATION; INTERVENTION; PROCUREMENT AB Understanding the additional life-years given to patients by deceased organ donors is necessary as substantial investments are being proposed to increase organ donation. Data were drawn from the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients. All patients placed on the wait-list as eligible to receive or receiving a deceased donor solid organ transplant between 1995 and 2002 were studied. The benefit of transplant was determined by the difference in the expected survival experiences of transplant recipients and candidates expecting transplant soon. An average organ donor provides 30.8 additional life-years distributed over an average 2.9 different solid organ transplant recipients, whereas utilization of all solid organs from a single donor provides 55.8 additional life-years spread over six organ transplant recipients. The relative contribution of the different organs to the overall life-year benefit is higher for liver, heart and kidney, and lowest for lung and pancreas. The life-year losses from unprocured and unused organs are comparable to suicide, congenital anomalies, homicide or perinatal conditions and half that of HIV. Approximately 250 000 additional life-years could be saved annually if consent for potential deceased donors could be increased to 100%. Therefore, increasing organ donation should be considered among our most important public health concerns. C1 St Louis Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Ctr Outcomes Res, St Louis, MO 63104 USA. St Louis Univ, Sch Med, Dept Surg, St Louis, MO 63104 USA. Maine Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Portland, ME 04102 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Semmelweis Univ, Budapest, Hungary. RP Schnitzler, MA (reprint author), St Louis Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Ctr Outcomes Res, St Louis, MO 63104 USA. EM schnitm@slu.edu RI Kalo, Zoltan/G-7582-2011; OI Kalo, Zoltan/0000-0001-7762-2607; Abbott, Kevin/0000-0003-2111-7112 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [K25-DK-02916-03] NR 21 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 1 U2 4 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1600-6135 J9 AM J TRANSPLANT JI Am. J. Transplant. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 5 IS 9 BP 2289 EP 2296 DI 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2005.01021.x PG 8 WC Surgery; Transplantation SC Surgery; Transplantation GA 952RR UT WOS:000231023700026 PM 16095511 ER PT J AU Duffy, P Fried, M AF Duffy, P Fried, M TI Malaria: New diagnostics for an old problem SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Editorial Material ID DESORPTION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; INFECTION; PARASITES C1 Seattle Biomed Res Inst, Malaria Antigen Discovery Program, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Duffy, P (reprint author), Seattle Biomed Res Inst, Malaria Antigen Discovery Program, 4 Nickerson St, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. EM p.duffy@sbri.org; michal.fried@sbri.org NR 12 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 73 IS 3 BP 482 EP 483 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 965ZX UT WOS:000231990500002 PM 16172466 ER PT J AU O'Meara, WP McKenzie, FE Magill, AJ Forney, JR Permpanich, B Lucas, C Gasser, RA Wongsrichanalai, C AF O'Meara, WP McKenzie, FE Magill, AJ Forney, JR Permpanich, B Lucas, C Gasser, RA Wongsrichanalai, C TI Sources of variability in determining malaria parasite density by microscopy SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID CASE DEFINITIONS; CLINICAL MALARIA; DIAGNOSIS; DEVICES AB Enumeration of parasites by microscopic examination of blood smears is the only method available for quantifying parasitemia in infected blood. However, the sources and scale of error inherent in this technique have not been systematically investigated. Here we use data collected in outpatient clinics in Peru and Thailand to elucidate important sources of variation in parasite density measurements. We show that discrepancies between readings from two independent microscopists and multiple readings from a single microscopist are inversely related to the density of the infection. We present an example of how differences in reader technique, specifically the number of white blood cells counted, can contribute to the differences between readings. We discuss the implications of this analysis for field studies and clinical trials. C1 NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. USN, Med Ctr Detachment, Lima, Peru. USN, Med Res Unit 2, Jakarta, Indonesia. RP O'Meara, WP (reprint author), NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bldg 10, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM prudhomw@mail.nih.gov; mckenzel@mail.nih.gov; Alan.magill@na.amedd.army.mil; John.Forney@usma.edu; clucas@nmrcd.med.naqvy.mil; rgasser@erols.com; chansuda@namru2.org FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z99 TW999999] NR 14 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 73 IS 3 BP 593 EP 598 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 965ZX UT WOS:000231990500024 PM 16172488 ER PT J AU Adams, BD Shih, H Stuffel, E Robinson, A AF Adams, BD Shih, H Stuffel, E Robinson, A TI A video based training program improves defibrillator inspection compliance SO ANNALS OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT American-College-Emergency-Physicians-Research Forum CY SEP 26-27, 2005 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Coll Emergency Phys Res C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0196-0644 J9 ANN EMERG MED JI Ann. Emerg. Med. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 46 IS 3 SU S BP S18 EP S18 PG 1 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 962OB UT WOS:000231741000060 ER PT J AU Anderson, PI Adams, BA Stuffel, E AF Anderson, PI Adams, BA Stuffel, E TI Bystander automatic external defibrillartion is faster than standard cardiac arrest team response for a public visitor area of a hospital SO ANNALS OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT American-College-Emergency-Physicians-Research Forum CY SEP 26-27, 2005 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Coll Emergency Phys Res C1 San Antonio Uniformed Serv Hlth Educ Consortium, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0196-0644 J9 ANN EMERG MED JI Ann. Emerg. Med. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 46 IS 3 SU S BP S75 EP S76 PG 2 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 962OB UT WOS:000231741000270 ER PT J AU Gerhardt, RT Crawford, DM Rayfield, JC Pfaff, JA Hunter, CJ AF Gerhardt, RT Crawford, DM Rayfield, JC Pfaff, JA Hunter, CJ TI Addition of post-discharge oral secobarbital to standard emergency department treatment of migraine headache improves pain relief and patient perception of headache resolution SO ANNALS OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT American-College-Emergency-Physicians-Research Forum CY SEP 26-27, 2005 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Coll Emergency Phys Res C1 SAUSHEC, Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0196-0644 J9 ANN EMERG MED JI Ann. Emerg. Med. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 46 IS 3 SU S BP S71 EP S72 PG 2 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 962OB UT WOS:000231741000256 ER PT J AU Gerhardt, RT Oliver, J Sullivan, SG Jackson, DA Laird, TW AF Gerhardt, RT Oliver, J Sullivan, SG Jackson, DA Laird, TW TI Evaluation of combat casualty care outcomes after the introduction of emergency medicine providers and an emergency medicine systems approach to the setting of tactical ground combat SO ANNALS OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT American-College-Emergency-Physicians-Research Forum CY SEP 26-27, 2005 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Coll Emergency Phys Res C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Darnall Army Community Hospt, Dept Emergency Med, Ft Hood, TX USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0196-0644 J9 ANN EMERG MED JI Ann. Emerg. Med. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 46 IS 3 SU S BP S45 EP S46 PG 2 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 962OB UT WOS:000231741000161 ER PT J AU Gerhardt, RT Kernan, L AF Gerhardt, RT Kernan, L TI The role of stool assessment for gross and occult blood for the prediction of need for urgent intervention in non-specific abdominal pain SO ANNALS OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT American-College-Emergency-Physicians-Research Forum CY SEP 26-27, 2005 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Coll Emergency Phys Res C1 SAUSHEC, Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0196-0644 J9 ANN EMERG MED JI Ann. Emerg. Med. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 46 IS 3 SU S BP S37 EP S38 PG 2 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 962OB UT WOS:000231741000132 ER PT J AU Gerhardt, RT Kernan, L AF Gerhardt, RT Kernan, L TI Comparison of oral and rectal temperature in adult patients with non-specific abdominal pain SO ANNALS OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT American-College-Emergency-Physicians-Research Forum CY SEP 26-27, 2005 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Coll Emergency Phys Res C1 SAUSHEC, Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0196-0644 J9 ANN EMERG MED JI Ann. Emerg. Med. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 46 IS 3 SU S BP S37 EP S37 PG 1 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 962OB UT WOS:000231741000131 ER PT J AU McHugh, KA Bryson, SA Dabulewicz, J Adams, BD AF McHugh, KA Bryson, SA Dabulewicz, J Adams, BD TI The law of unintended consequences: Implementation of point-of-care testing regulations decreases physician performance of digital rectal exams SO ANNALS OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT American-College-Emergency-Physicians-Research Forum CY SEP 26-27, 2005 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Coll Emergency Phys Res C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0196-0644 J9 ANN EMERG MED JI Ann. Emerg. Med. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 46 IS 3 SU S BP S32 EP S33 PG 2 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 962OB UT WOS:000231741000112 ER PT J AU McManus, JG Convertino, VA Cooke, WH Holcomb, JB AF McManus, JG Convertino, VA Cooke, WH Holcomb, JB TI The use of electrocardiograph R-wave amplitude fails to predict early hypovolemia in humans SO ANNALS OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT American-College-Emergency-Physicians-Research Forum CY SEP 26-27, 2005 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Coll Emergency Phys Res C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0196-0644 J9 ANN EMERG MED JI Ann. Emerg. Med. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 46 IS 3 SU S BP S66 EP S67 PG 2 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 962OB UT WOS:000231741000237 ER PT J AU McManus, JG Hill, G Ward, J Cain, J Parsons, D Proulx, C Eidenberg, M AF McManus, JG Hill, G Ward, J Cain, J Parsons, D Proulx, C Eidenberg, M TI An observational study comparing the combitube and the King Laryngeal Tracheal device in combat trauma airway training for US Army Combat Medic Students SO ANNALS OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT American-College-Emergency-Physicians-Research Forum CY SEP 26-27, 2005 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Coll Emergency Phys Res C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, San Antonio, TX USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Dept Combat Med Training, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0196-0644 J9 ANN EMERG MED JI Ann. Emerg. Med. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 46 IS 3 SU S BP S46 EP S46 PG 1 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 962OB UT WOS:000231741000163 ER PT J AU Schwartz, RB Coule, PL McManus, JG Lyon, M Blaivas, M AF Schwartz, RB Coule, PL McManus, JG Lyon, M Blaivas, M TI The use of an endotracheal tube introducer and King LT airway for endotracheal intubation SO ANNALS OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT American-College-Emergency-Physicians-Research Forum CY SEP 26-27, 2005 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Coll Emergency Phys Res C1 Med Coll Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0196-0644 J9 ANN EMERG MED JI Ann. Emerg. Med. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 46 IS 3 SU S BP S87 EP S87 PG 1 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 962OB UT WOS:000231741000312 ER PT J AU Abbott, KC Bernet, VJ Agodoa, LY Yuan, CM AF Abbott, KC Bernet, VJ Agodoa, LY Yuan, CM TI Differing manifestations of hepatitis C and tacrolimus on hospitalized diabetes mellitus occurring after kidney transplantation SO ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE diabetic ketoacidosis; hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome; nonketotic hyperosmolar coma; graft loss; African American; female; hepatitis C; rejection; cyclosporine; tacrolimus; hospitalization; complications; USRDS ID RENAL-ALLOGRAFT RECIPIENTS; INTERFERON-ALPHA THERAPY; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; LIVER-TRANSPLANT; UNITED-STATES; SUDDEN ONSET; RISK-FACTORS; KETOACIDOSIS; IMMUNOSUPPRESSION; ASSOCIATION AB PURPOSE: Previous studies suggest the association of recipient hepatitis C seropositivity (HCV +) and use of tacrolimus (TAC) with post-transplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM) may differ by manifestations of type I or type II diabetes, but this has not been assessed in the era of current immunosuppression. METHODS: We performed a retrospective cohort study of 10,342 Medicare primary renal transplantation recipients without evidence of diabetes at the time of listing in the United States Renal Data System between January 1, 1998 and July 31, 2000, followed until December 31, 2000. Outcomes were hospitalizations for a primary diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) or hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome (HHS). Cox regression analysis was used to calculate adjusted hazard ratios (AHR) for time to DKA or HHS, stratified by diabetes status at the time of transplant. RESULTS: In Cox regression analysis, use of TAC at discharge was independently associated with shorter time to DKA (AHR, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.05-3.37, p = 0.034) but not HHS. In contrast, recipient HCV+ was independently associated with shorter time to HHS (AHR, 3.90; 1.59-9.60, P = .003), but not DKA. There was no interaction between TAC and HCV+ for either outcome. CONCLUSION: These results confirm earlier findings that TAC and HCV+ may mediate the risk of PTDM through different mechanisms, even in the modern era. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Endocrinol, Washington, DC USA. NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Abbott, KC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM kevin.abbott@na.amedd.army.mil OI Abbott, Kevin/0000-0003-2111-7112 NR 26 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1047-2797 J9 ANN EPIDEMIOL JI Ann. Epidemiol. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 15 IS 8 BP 558 EP 563 DI 10.1016/j.annepidem.2004.10.003 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 963MG UT WOS:000231807800002 PM 16118000 ER PT J AU Abularrage, CJ Weiswasser, JM White, PW Arora, S Sidawy, AN AF Abularrage, CJ Weiswasser, JM White, PW Arora, S Sidawy, AN TI Aortic angiosarcoma presenting as distal arterial embolization SO ANNALS OF VASCULAR SURGERY LA English DT Article ID OF-THE-LITERATURE; EPITHELIOID ANGIOSARCOMA; INTESTINAL METASTASIS; INTIMAL SARCOMA; TUMOR EMBOLI; DIAGNOSIS; CD31 AB Aortic angiosarcoma is a rare, malignant neoplasm of the vasculature, with 24 case reports in the literature. Patients usually present with either aneurysmal or occlusive disease. Treatment consists of en bloc resection of the vessel and contiguous structures with postoperative chemoradiation therapy. Despite surgery and adjunctive measures, prognosis remains dismal as a result of early metastasis and late diagnosis. We report a case of aortic angiosarcoma that presented with distal thromboembolic phenomenon. C1 Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Surg Serv, Washington, DC 20422 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Abularrage, CJ (reprint author), Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Surg Serv, 50 Irving St NW, Washington, DC 20422 USA. EM chrisabularrage@yahoo.com NR 26 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0890-5096 J9 ANN VASC SURG JI Ann. Vasc. Surg. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 19 IS 5 BP 744 EP 748 DI 10.1007/s10016-005-5436-5 PG 5 WC Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 959ET UT WOS:000231500800028 PM 16027993 ER PT J AU Ting, A Alexeev, I Gordon, D Briscoe, E Penano, J Hubbard, R Sprangle, P Rubel, G AF Ting, A Alexeev, I Gordon, D Briscoe, E Penano, J Hubbard, R Sprangle, P Rubel, G TI Remote atmospheric breakdown for standoff detection by using an intense short laser pulse SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID REFRACTIVE-INDEX; AIR AB A remote atmospheric breakdown is a very rich source of UV and broadband visible light that could provide an early warning of the presence of chemical-biological warfare agents at extended standoff distances. A negatively chirped laser pulse propagating in air compresses in time and focuses transversely, which results in a rapid laser intensity increase and ionization near the focal region that can be located kilometers away from the laser system. Proof-of-principle laboratory experiments are performed on the generation of remote atmospheric breakdown and the spectroscopic detection of mock biological warfare agents. We have generated third harmonics at 267 nm and UV broadband radiation in air from the compression and focusing of femtosecond laser pulses. Fluorescence emission from albumin aerosols as they were illuminated by the femtosecond laser pulse has been observed. (c) 2005 Optical Society of America. C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RSI Inc, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. USA, Res Dev & Engn Command, Edgewood, MD 21010 USA. RP Ting, A (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM ting@nrl.navy.mil NR 12 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 2 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD SEP 1 PY 2005 VL 44 IS 25 BP 5315 EP 5320 DI 10.1364/AO.44.005315 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA 960FH UT WOS:000231575100020 PM 16149355 ER PT J AU Carp, S Robert, M Moreland, RF David-Bajar, K Elston, DM AF Carp, S Robert, M Moreland, RF David-Bajar, K Elston, DM TI Urticarialike plaques on the breasts of a 72-year-old woman SO ARCHIVES OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Houston, TX 78234 USA. Geisinger Med Ctr, Danville, PA 17822 USA. RP Carp, S (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-987X J9 ARCH DERMATOL JI Arch. Dermatol. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 141 IS 9 BP 1161 EP + DI 10.1001/archderm.141.9.1161-b PG 2 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 964NO UT WOS:000231888000019 PM 16172319 ER PT J AU Fritz, JM Whitman, JM Childs, JD AF Fritz, JM Whitman, JM Childs, JD TI Lumbar spine segmental mobility assessment: An examination of validity for determining intervention strategies in patients with low back pain SO ARCHIVES OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Interdisciplinary World Congress on Low Back and Pelvic Pain CY NOV 13, 2004 CL Melbourne, AUSTRALIA DE diagnosis; low back pain; physical examination; rehabilitation ID CLINICAL-PREDICTION RULE; INTERRATER RELIABILITY; CLASSIFICATION APPROACH; THRUST MANIPULATION; ACCESSORY MOTION; HIGH-VELOCITY; STIFFNESS; MOBILIZATION; DISABILITY; QUESTIONNAIRE AB Objective: To examine the predictive validity of posterior-anterior (PA) mobility testing in a group of patients with low back pain (LBP). Design: Randomized controlled trial. Setting: Outpatient physical therapy clinics. Participants: Patients with LBP (N=131; mean age +/- standard deviation, 33.9 +/- 10.9y; range, 19-59y), and a median symptom duration of 27 days (range, 1-5941d). Patients completed a baseline examination, including PA mobility testing, and were categorized with respect to both hypomobility and hypermobility (present or absent), and treated for 4 weeks. Intervention: Seventy patients were randomized to an intervention involving manipulation and 61 to a stabilization exercise intervention. Main Outcome Measures: Oswestry Disability Questionnaire (ODQ) scores were collected at baseline and after 4 weeks. Three-way repeated measures analyses of variance (ANOVAs) were performed to assess the effect of mobility categorization and intervention group on the change on the ODQ with time. Number-needed-to-treat (NNT) statistics were calculated. Results: Ninety-three (71.0%) patients were judged to have hypomobility present and 15 (11.5%) were judged with hypermobility present. The ANOVAs resulted in significant interaction effects. Pairwise comparisons showed greater improvements among patients receiving manipulation categorized with hypomobility present versus absent (mean difference, 23.7%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 5.1%-42.4%), and among patients receiving stabilization categorized with hypermobility present versus absent (mean difference, 36.4%; 95% CI, 10.3%-69.3%). For patients with hypomobility, failure rates were 26% with manipulation and 74.4% with stabilization (NNT=2.1; 95% CI, 1.6-3.5). For patients with hypermobility, failure rates were 83.3% and 22.2% for manipulation and stabilization, respectively (NNT=1.6; 95% CI, 1.2-10.2). Conclusions: Patients with LBP judged to have lumbar hypomobility experienced greater benefit from an intervention including manipulation; those judged to have hypermobility were more likely to benefit from a stabilization exercise program. C1 Univ Utah, Div Phys Therapy, Salt Lake City, UT 84108 USA. Intermt Hlth Care, Salt Lake City, UT USA. Regis Univ, USA, Baylor Univ, Profess Doctoral Program Orthopaed & Manual Phys, Denver, CO USA. Regis Univ, Affiliate Fac, Denver, CO USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Phys Therapy, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Fritz, JM (reprint author), Univ Utah, Div Phys Therapy, 520 Wakara Way, Salt Lake City, UT 84108 USA. NR 60 TC 68 Z9 72 U1 1 U2 15 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0003-9993 J9 ARCH PHYS MED REHAB JI Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 86 IS 9 BP 1745 EP 1752 DI 10.1016/j.apmr.2005.03.028 PG 8 WC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA 962QM UT WOS:000231747300006 PM 16181937 ER PT J AU Walker, WC Seel, RT Curtiss, G Warden, DL AF Walker, WC Seel, RT Curtiss, G Warden, DL TI Headache after moderate and severe traumatic brain injury: A longitudinal analysis SO ARCHIVES OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 63rd Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Physical-Medicine-and-Rehabilitation CY NOV 20-24, 2002 CL ORLANDO, FL SP Amer Acad Phys Med & Rehabil DE anxiety; brain injuries; depression; headache; rehabilitation ID HAMILTON RATING-SCALE; BECK DEPRESSION INVENTORY; POSTTRAUMATIC HEADACHE; CHRONIC PAIN; EPIDEMIOLOGY; DISABILITY; COMPLAINTS; VALIDITY; ANXIETY; STATES AB Objectives: To measure longitudinally headache (HA) after moderate and severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) and to examine potential association with demographic, injury, and psychologic factors. Design: Cohort study. Setting: Four Veterans Administration rehabilitation facilities (Minneapolis, Palo Alto, Richmond, Tampa) within the Defense and Veterans Brain Injury Center. Participants: Consecutive patients (military or veteran beneficiaries) with moderate or severe TBI (N = 109) who during acute rehabilitation consented to data collection and who completed 6- and 12-month follow-up evaluations. Interventions: Not applicable. Main Outcome Measures: HA frequency, location, type, and incapacitation levels measured during prospective neurologic assessments. Results: Nearly 38% (41/109) of patients had acute post-traumatic headache (PTHA) symptoms; most often in a frontal location (20/41), most often of daily frequency (31/41), and showing no relation to injury severity, emotional, or demographic variables. Postacutely, PTHA symptom severity declined within the group. Better individual improvement was associated with less anxiety and depression at 6-month follow-up. Almost all subjects (21/22) with PTHA symptoms that persisted into the 6-month follow-up period reported symptoms again at 12-month follow-up. Conclusions: PTHA severity in this sample of persons with moderate and severe TBI showed a pattern of improvement that leveled off by 6 months posthospitalization. C1 Hunter Holmes McGuire Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Richmond, VA USA. Crawford Res Inst, Sheperd Ctr, Atlanta, GA USA. James A Haley Vet Hosp, Tampa, FL 33612 USA. Univ S Florida, Dept Psychiat & Behav Med, Tampa, FL USA. Def & Vet Brain Injury Ctr, Washington, DC USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Walker, WC (reprint author), MCV Campus,POB 980661, Richmond, VA 23298 USA. EM wc.walker@mail2.vcu.edu RI Walker, William/N-3162-2014 NR 44 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 1 U2 3 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0003-9993 J9 ARCH PHYS MED REHAB JI Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 86 IS 9 BP 1793 EP 1800 DI 10.1016/j.apmr.2004.12.042 PG 8 WC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA 962QM UT WOS:000231747300014 PM 16181945 ER PT J AU Barron, KS Emerson, SU Rowley, AH Shulman, ST St Claire, M Burklow, TR Doroshow, RW Purcell, RH AF Barron, KS Emerson, SU Rowley, AH Shulman, ST St Claire, M Burklow, TR Doroshow, RW Purcell, RH TI Attempt to transmit a putative Kawasaki disease agent to chimpanzees. SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 69th Annual Scientific Meeting of the American-College-of-Rheumatology/40th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Association-of-Rheumatology-Health-Professionals CY NOV 12-17, 2005 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Coll Rheumatol, Assoc Rheumatol Hlth Profess C1 NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Childrens Mem Hosp, Chicago, IL 60614 USA. BIOQUAL Inc, Rockville, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Childrens Natl Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20010 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0004-3591 EI 1529-0131 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM-US JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 52 IS 9 SU S BP S303 EP S303 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 969BG UT WOS:000232207801278 ER PT J AU Deane, KD Majka, DS Parrish, LA Baron, AE Gilliland, WR Walker, CW Arend, WP Norris, JM Holers, VM AF Deane, KD Majka, DS Parrish, LA Baron, AE Gilliland, WR Walker, CW Arend, WP Norris, JM Holers, VM TI RA-related antibodies appear earlier in the pre-clinical period in subjects with an older age at disease onset. SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 69th Annual Scientific Meeting of the American-College-of-Rheumatology/40th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Association-of-Rheumatology-Health-Professionals CY NOV 12-17, 2005 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Coll Rheumatol, Assoc Rheumatol Hlth Profess C1 Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Denver, CO USA. Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0004-3591 EI 1529-0131 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM-US JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 52 IS 9 SU S BP S154 EP S154 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 969BG UT WOS:000232207800343 ER PT J AU del Rincon, I Freeman, GL Haas, RW O'Leary, DH Battafaran, DF Arroyo, RA Escalante, A AF del Rincon, I Freeman, GL Haas, RW O'Leary, DH Battafaran, DF Arroyo, RA Escalante, A TI Effect of carotid atherosclerosis on the incidence of acute coronary syndromes in rheumatoid arthritis. SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 69th Annual Scientific Meeting of the American-College-of-Rheumatology/40th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Association-of-Rheumatology-Health-Professionals CY NOV 12-17, 2005 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Coll Rheumatol, Assoc Rheumatol Hlth Profess C1 UT Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Tufts Univ New England Med Ctr, Boston, MA 02111 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0004-3591 EI 1529-0131 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM-US JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 52 IS 9 SU S BP S703 EP S704 PG 2 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 969BG UT WOS:000232207803446 ER PT J AU Katsiari, CG Kyttaris, VC Juang, YT Tsokos, GC AF Katsiari, CG Kyttaris, VC Juang, YT Tsokos, GC TI Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A): A novel negative regulator of IL-2 production in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 69th Annual Scientific Meeting of the American-College-of-Rheumatology/40th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Association-of-Rheumatology-Health-Professionals CY NOV 12-17, 2005 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Coll Rheumatol, Assoc Rheumatol Hlth Profess C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0004-3591 EI 1529-0131 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM-US JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 52 IS 9 SU S BP S490 EP S491 PG 2 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 969BG UT WOS:000232207802320 ER PT J AU Kyttaris, V Juang, YT Teuscher, C Tsokos, G AF Kyttaris, V Juang, YT Teuscher, C Tsokos, G TI The autoimmune disease susceptibility gene Kif1c product regulates the production of Il-2 at the transcriptional level. SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 69th Annual Scientific Meeting of the American-College-of-Rheumatology/40th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Association-of-Rheumatology-Health-Professionals CY NOV 12-17, 2005 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Coll Rheumatol, Assoc Rheumatol Hlth Profess C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. Univ Vermont, Burlington, VT USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0004-3591 EI 1529-0131 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM-US JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 52 IS 9 SU S BP S490 EP S490 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 969BG UT WOS:000232207802319 ER PT J AU Li, YS Kyttaris, VC Juang, YT Zidanic, M Tsokos, GC AF Li, YS Kyttaris, VC Juang, YT Zidanic, M Tsokos, GC TI Interaction between TCR and CD44-ERM signaling pathways contributes to increased adhesion and migration of T lymphocytes from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 69th Annual Scientific Meeting of the American-College-of-Rheumatology/40th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Association-of-Rheumatology-Health-Professionals CY NOV 12-17, 2005 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Coll Rheumatol, Assoc Rheumatol Hlth Profess C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0004-3591 EI 1529-0131 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM-US JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 52 IS 9 SU S BP S449 EP S450 PG 2 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 969BG UT WOS:000232207802204 ER PT J AU Convertino, VA Cooke, WH AF Convertino, VA Cooke, WH TI Evaluation of cardiovascular risks of spaceflight does not support the NASA bioastronautics critical path roadmap SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Review DE blood volume; BP; heart rate; stroke volume; cardiac output; peripheral vascular resistance; orthostatic intolerance; exercise capacity ID POSTSPACEFLIGHT ORTHOSTATIC HYPOTENSION; SYMPATHETIC-NERVE ACTIVITY; SHORT-DURATION SPACEFLIGHT; DOWN BED REST; VASCULAR-RESISTANCE; SIMULATED MICROGRAVITY; CARDIAC ATROPHY; HEART-RATE; HUMANS; RESPONSES AB Introduction: Occurrence of serious cardiac dysrhythmias and diminished cardiac and vascular function are the primary cardiovascular risks of spaceflight identified in the 2005 NASA Bioastronautics Critical Path Roadmap. Methods: A review of the literature was conducted on experimental results and observational data obtained from spaceflight and relevant ground simulation studies that addressed occurrence of cardiac dysrhythmias, cardiac contractile and vascular function, manifestation of asymptomatic cardiovascular disease, orthostatic intolerance, and response to exercise stress. Results: Based on data from astronauts who have flown in space, there is no compelling experimental evidence to support significant occurrence of cardiac dysrhythmias, manifestation of asymptomatic cardiovascular disease, or reduction in myocardial contractile function. Although there are post-spaceflight data that demonstrate lower peripheral resistance in astronauts who become presyncopal compared with non-presyncopal astronauts, it is not clear that these differences are the result of decreased vascular function. However, the evidence of postflight orthostatic intolerance and reduced exercise capacity is well substantiated by both spaceflight and ground experiments. Although attenuation of baroreflex function(s) may contribute to postflight orthostatic instability, a primary mechanism of orthostatic intolerance and reduced exercise capacity is reduced end-diastolic and stroke volume associated with lower blood volumes and consequent cardiac remodeling. Conclusion: Data from the literature on the current population of astronauts support the notion that the primary cardiovascular risks of spaceflight are compromised hemodynamic responses to central hypovolemia resulting in reduced orthostatic tolerance and exercise capacity rather than occurrence of cardiac dysrhythmias, reduced cardiac contractile and vascular function, or manifestation of asymptomatic cardiovascular disease. These observations warrant a critical review and revision of the 2005 Bioastronautics Critical Path Roadmap. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Convertino, VA (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave,Bldg 3611, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM victor.convertmo@amedd.army.mil NR 44 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 5 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 76 IS 9 BP 869 EP 876 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 962XZ UT WOS:000231768100009 PM 16173685 ER PT J AU Powell, BS Andrews, GP Enama, JT Jendrek, S Bolt, C Worsham, P Pullen, JK Ribot, W Hines, H Smith, L Heath, DG Adamovicz, JJ AF Powell, BS Andrews, GP Enama, JT Jendrek, S Bolt, C Worsham, P Pullen, JK Ribot, W Hines, H Smith, L Heath, DG Adamovicz, JJ TI Design and testing for a nontagged F1-V fusion protein as vaccine antigen against bubonic and pneumonic plague SO BIOTECHNOLOGY PROGRESS LA English DT Article ID YERSINIA OUTER PROTEINS; COLI INCLUSION-BODIES; V-ANTIGEN; SUBUNIT VACCINE; TRANSFERABLE PLASMID; RECOMBINANT PROTEINS; PESTIS; PURIFICATION; PROTECTION; MICE AB A two-component recombinant fusion protein antigen was re-engineered and tested as a medical counter measure against the possible biological threat of aerosolized Yersinia pestis. The active component of the proposed subunit vaccine combines the F1 capsular protein and V virulence antigen of Y. pestis and improves upon the design of an earlier histidine-tagged fusion protein. In the current study, different production strains were screened for suitable expression and a purification process was optimized to isolate an F1-V fusion protein absent extraneous coding sequences. Soluble F1-V protein was isolated to 99% purity by sequential liquid chromatography including capture and refolding of urea-denatured protein via anion exchange, followed by hydrophobic interaction, concentration, and then transfer into buffered saline for direct use after frozen storage. Protein identity and primary structure were verified by mass spectrometry and Edman sequencing, confirming a purified product of 477 amino acids and removal of the N-terminal methionine. Purity, quality, and higher-order structure were compared between lots using RP-HPLC, intrinsic fluorescence, CD spectroscopy, and multi-angle light scattering spectroscopy, all of which indicated a consistent and properly folded product. As formulated with aluminum hydroxide adjuvant and administered in a single subcutaneous dose, this new F1-V protein also protected mice from wild-type and non-encapsulated Y. pestis challenge strains, modeling prophylaxis against pneumonic and bubonic plague. These findings confirm that the fusion protein architecture provides superior protection over the former licensed product, establish a foundation from which to create a robust production process, and set forth assays for the development of F1-V as the active pharmaceutical ingredient of the next plague vaccine. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Bacteriol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Toxinol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NCI, Biopharmaceut Dev Program, SAIC Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. NIAID, Vaccine & Prevent Res Program, Div AIDS, NIH,DHHS, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Univ Wyoming, Dept Vet Sci, Laramie, WY 82070 USA. RP Powell, BS (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Bacteriol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM bradford.powell@amedd.army.mil NR 59 TC 68 Z9 75 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 8756-7938 J9 BIOTECHNOL PROGR JI Biotechnol. Prog. PD SEP-OCT PY 2005 VL 21 IS 5 BP 1490 EP 1510 DI 10.1021/bp050098r PG 21 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 972NU UT WOS:000232461300018 PM 16209555 ER PT J AU Vellozzi, C Lane, JM Averhoff, F Maurer, T Norton, S Damon, I Casey, C AF Vellozzi, C Lane, JM Averhoff, F Maurer, T Norton, S Damon, I Casey, C TI Generalized vaccinia, progressive vaccinia, and eczema vaccinatum are rare following smallpox (vaccinia) vaccination: United States surveillance, 2003 SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID ATOPIC-DERMATITIS; COMPLICATIONS; PREVALENCE; EXPERIENCE AB Generalized vaccinia (GV), progressive vaccinia (PV), and eczema vaccinatum (EV) are adverse reactions following smallpox vaccination. We investigated all reports suggestive of GV, PV, or EV among United States civilian smallpox vaccinees during 2003 and applied standard case definitions. We identified 29 reports of possible GV among 38,440 vaccinees; 2 (7%) of the reports met the case definition. One case of GV was confirmed by identifying vaccinia from a lesion distant from the vaccine site using polymerase chain reaction. The other case was classified as probable GV, because confirmatory testing was not done. We identified 3 potential EV cases and 7 potential PV cases, none of which met the standard case definition. GV, PV, and EV were rare or absent following smallpox vaccination after careful screening of potential vaccinees. GV may be difficult to distinguish from other rashes, and confirmatory testing is recommended. Careful prevaccination screening probably contributed to the low incidence of these adverse reactions following smallpox vaccination. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Immunizat Program, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Poxvirus Program, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Logist Hlth Inc, La Crosse, WI USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Dermatol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Smallpox Eradicat Program, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Vellozzi, C (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Immunizat Program, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop E-61, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM bno1@cdc.gov NR 29 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD SEP 1 PY 2005 VL 41 IS 5 BP 689 EP 697 DI 10.1086/432584 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 952HW UT WOS:000230995600017 PM 16080092 ER PT J AU Lesho, E Wortmann, G Moran, K Craft, D AF Lesho, E Wortmann, G Moran, K Craft, D TI Fatal Acinetobacter baumannii infection with discordant carbapenem susceptibility SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter ID MEROPENEM C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Lesho, E (reprint author), 611 Forest Glen Rd, Silver Spring, MD 20901 USA. EM emillesho@yahoo.com NR 6 TC 10 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD SEP 1 PY 2005 VL 41 IS 5 BP 758 EP 759 DI 10.1086/432623 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 952HW UT WOS:000230995600027 PM 16080102 ER PT J AU Stojanovic, MP Hord, ED Cohen, S AF Stojanovic, MP Hord, ED Cohen, S TI The value and validity of single-needle approach for multiple medial branch blocks is not proven - Author's response SO CLINICAL JOURNAL OF PAIN LA English DT Letter C1 Harvard Univ, Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Sch Med, DACC,Pain Ctr,Intervent Pain Program, Boston, MA 02115 USA. NYU, Sch Med, Pain Management Ctr, New York, NY USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Stojanovic, MP (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Sch Med, DACC,Pain Ctr,Intervent Pain Program, Boston, MA 02115 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0749-8047 J9 CLIN J PAIN JI Clin. J. Pain PD SEP-OCT PY 2005 VL 21 IS 5 BP 457 EP 457 DI 10.1097/01.ajp.0000181466.29807.7e PG 1 WC Anesthesiology; Clinical Neurology SC Anesthesiology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 959RA UT WOS:000231534600013 ER PT J AU Hill, J Roberts, S AF Hill, J Roberts, S TI Herpes simplex virus in pregnancy: New concepts in prevention and management SO CLINICS IN PERINATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RECURRENT GENITAL HERPES; POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; NEONATAL HERPES; CESAREAN DELIVERY; ACYCLOVIR PROPHYLAXIS; TYPE-2 INFECTION; UNITED-STATES; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; ANTIBODY-RESPONSE AB Genital herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection is one of the most common viral sexually transmitted diseases in the United States. It is estimated that 45 million adolescents and adults are infected with genital HSV Most genital herpes infections in the United States are caused by HSV type 2 (HSV-2), and 25% to 30% of women of reproductive age have HSV-2 antibodies. What is more striking is that genital herpes is frequently under-recognized, and that only 5% to 10% of these women have a history of genital herpes. Because such a small percentage of women are aware of being infected with HSV, the risk of maternal transmission of this virus to the fetus or newborn is a significant health issue. C1 Womack Army Med Ctr, Dept Army, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Ft Bragg, NC 28310 USA. Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Maternal Fetal Med, Dallas, TX 75390 USA. RP Hill, J (reprint author), Womack Army Med Ctr, Dept Army, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, 2817 Reilly Rd MCXC, Ft Bragg, NC 28310 USA. EM james.b.hill@us.army.mil NR 80 TC 5 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 3 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0095-5108 J9 CLIN PERINATOL JI Clin. Perinatol. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 32 IS 3 BP 657 EP + DI 10.1016/j.clp.2005.05.008 PG 15 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics GA 959XT UT WOS:000231553500008 PM 16085025 ER PT J AU McNesby, KL Miziolek, AW Nguyen, T Delucia, FC Skaggs, RR Litzinger, TA AF McNesby, KL Miziolek, AW Nguyen, T Delucia, FC Skaggs, RR Litzinger, TA TI Experimental and computational studies of oxidizer and fuel side addition of ethanol to opposed flow air/ethylene flames SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME LA English DT Article DE soot formation; opposed flow flames; ethylene flames; ethanol; PLIF ID COUNTERFLOW DIFFUSION FLAMES; SOOT FORMATION; AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; FLICKERING METHANE; PARTICLES; ETHYLENE; GROWTH; COMBUSTION; DYNAMICS; PROPANE AB Results of computations based on a detailed chemical kinetic combustion mechanism and results of experiments are compared to understand the influence of ethanol vapor addition upon soot formation and OH radical concentration in opposed flow ethylene/air diffusion flames. For this work, ethanol vapor was added to either the fuel or the oxidizer gases. Experiment and calculations are in qualitative agreement, and both show differing concentrations of soot, soot precursors, and OH depending on whether the ethanol is added to the fuel or oxidizer gases. An explanation for the observed differences for oxidizer or fuel side ethanol addition to opposed flow ethylene/air diffusion flames is proposed, based on an analysis of the chemical kinetic mechanism used in the computations. (c) 2005 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of The Combustion Institute. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Penn State Univ, State Coll, PA USA. RP McNesby, KL (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM menesby@arl.army.mil RI De Lucia, Frank/D-5630-2012 NR 31 TC 47 Z9 50 U1 5 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-2180 J9 COMBUST FLAME JI Combust. Flame PD SEP PY 2005 VL 142 IS 4 BP 413 EP 427 DI 10.1016/j.combustflame.2005.04.003 PG 15 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 961IY UT WOS:000231656900008 ER PT J AU Hosur, MV Islam, SMW Vaidya, UK Kumar, A Dutta, PK Jeelani, S AF Hosur, MV Islam, SMW Vaidya, UK Kumar, A Dutta, PK Jeelani, S TI Dynamic punch shear characterization of plain weave graphite/epoxy composites at room and elevated temperatures SO COMPOSITE STRUCTURES LA English DT Article DE woven composites; dynamic punch shear; Hopkinson's pressure bar; VARIM ID STRAIN-RATE; BEHAVIOR; AS4/3501-6; LAMINATE; MATRIX AB In many situations, composite structures are subjected to dynamic loading. To design such structures, there is a need of dynamic material properties. In the current investigation, a compression Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar was modified to load the samples in punch shear mode. Experimental studies were conducted to characterize 24 layer plain weave graphite/epoxy laminate samples. Laminates were manufactured using vacuum assisted resin infusion molding process. Samples of nominal size 26 min x 13 min x 4 mm were subjected to dynamic punch shear test at three different pressure settings that yielded strain rates in the range of 1415-3601/s at room and elevated temperatures of 51.7 degrees C, 79.4 degrees C and 107.2 degrees C. Dynamic shear stress-strain properties were evaluated. Failure modes were characterized through optical and scanning electron microscopy. Results of the tests indicate that the dynamic shear strength increases with increase in the strain rate and decreases with temperature for a given strain rate. Higher temperature causes the softening of matrix. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Tuskegee Univ, Chappie James Ctr, Ctr Adv Mat, Tuskegee, AL 36088 USA. Univ Alabama, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Birmingham, AL 35216 USA. USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61826 USA. USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Hosur, MV (reprint author), Tuskegee Univ, Chappie James Ctr, Ctr Adv Mat, Tuskegee, AL 36088 USA. EM hosur@tuskegee.edu NR 17 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0263-8223 J9 COMPOS STRUCT JI Compos. Struct. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 70 IS 3 BP 295 EP 307 DI 10.1016/j.compstruct.2004.08.041 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA 954PN UT WOS:000231167100004 ER PT J AU Cole, J AF Cole, J TI Security in storage: A call or participation SO COMPUTER LA English DT Article C1 USA, Res Lab, Ctr Intrus Monitoring & Protect, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Cole, J (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Ctr Intrus Monitoring & Protect, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM jack.cole@ieee.org NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 0018-9162 J9 COMPUTER JI Computer PD SEP PY 2005 VL 38 IS 9 BP 103 EP 105 DI 10.1109/MC.2005.311 PG 3 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA 961ZV UT WOS:000231701700017 ER PT J AU Hacker, SO White, CE Black, IH AF Hacker, SO White, CE Black, IH TI A comparison of target-controlled infusion versus volatile inhalant anesthesia for heart rate, respiratory rate, and recovery time in a rat model SO CONTEMPORARY TOPICS IN LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID MANUALLY CONTROLLED INFUSION; PROPOFOL-KETAMINE; ANALGESIA; DEPTH AB We conducted this study to determine whether heart rate, respiratory rate, and recovery time differed significantly between rats receiving target-controlled infusion (TCI) and those under volatile inhalant anesthesia. TCI rats received intravenous propofol at an average effect site concentration of 11.3 mu g/ml or propofol plus ketamine (5 mg/ml of propofol) at an average effect site concentration of 8.7 mu g/ml. Inhalant anesthesia rats received isoflurane (average, 1.8%) delivered in medical-grade air. We used a tail-clamp response test to determine when a surgical plane of anesthesia was attained. Anesthesia was continued for I h from the first negative tail-clamp test. During this time the test was repeated every 10 min to confirm that a surgical plane of anesthesia was being maintained. Anesthesia then was discontinued, and the animals were monitored continuously until they recovered. Average heart rate was higher for rats during anesthesia with isoflurane compared with TCI propofol-ketamine (P = 0.0053). Average respiratory rate was higher for TCI regimens compared with isoflurane anesthesia, with male rats having consistently faster respiratory rates than females (P < 0.001). Recovery time was longer for both TCI regimens compared with isoflurane (P < 0.00 1). Once venous access was accomplished, TCI anesthesia with propofol or propofol combined with a low dose of ketamine was comparable to an isoflurane inhalant regimen in ease of administration and control of the anesthetic event when used in rats for procedures of 1-h duration. Respiratory rate was increased and recovery time was longer for rats receiving the TCI regimens. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Vet Med, Silver Spring, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Biometr, Silver Spring, MD USA. USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Hacker, SO (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Vet Med, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 20 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI MEMPHIS PA 9190 CRESTWYN HILLS DR, MEMPHIS, TN 38125 USA SN 1060-0558 J9 CONTEMP TOP LAB ANIM JI Contemp. Top. Lab. Anim. Sci. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 44 IS 5 BP 7 EP 12 PG 6 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 965SS UT WOS:000231971200001 PM 16138774 ER PT J AU Devalle, JMS AF Devalle, JMS TI Comparison of tympanic, transponder, and noncontact infrared laser thermometry with rectal thermometry in strain 13 guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) SO CONTEMPORARY TOPICS IN LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID BODY-TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT; OTITIS-EXTERNA; MICE; RELIABILITY; DOGS AB The purpose of this experiment was to assess the practicality, ease, and reliability of using tympanic, transponder, and noncontact infrared laser thermometry versus rectal thermometry in strain 13 guinea pigs. Body temperatures were measured by all four methods within each animal over 10 min, and three sets of measurements were taken over 2 days. Each method was compared for agreement over time and agreement with the rectal temperature of each animal. Over time the transponder temperatures were the most reliable and had the closest agreement with the rectal temperatures. There was an overall difference in mean temperatures among methods but not between times, indicating that the guinea pigs had stable body temperatures over different time periods. Although the mean temperatures from the transponder and tympanic thermometers were not significantly different from the rectal temperatures, only the transponder method was in close agreement with the rectal method. The tympanic and noncontact infrared laser methods had poor agreement with the rectal method. These study results suggest that transponder thermometry is an easy and accurate alternative to rectal thermometry in strain 13 guinea pigs. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Vet Med Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Devalle, JMS (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Vet Med Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. OI Stephens-DeValle, Julie/0000-0002-3327-1849 NR 27 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI MEMPHIS PA 9190 CRESTWYN HILLS DR, MEMPHIS, TN 38125 USA SN 1060-0558 J9 CONTEMP TOP LAB ANIM JI Contemp. Top. Lab. Anim. Sci. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 44 IS 5 BP 35 EP 38 PG 4 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 965SS UT WOS:000231971200007 ER PT J AU Shorr, AF Chung, K Jackson, WL Waterman, PE Kollef, MH AF Shorr, AF Chung, K Jackson, WL Waterman, PE Kollef, MH TI Fluconazole prophylaxis in critically ill surgical patients: A metaanalysis SO CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID INTENSIVE-CARE UNITS; PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; SELECTIVE DIGESTIVE DECONTAMINATION; MARROW TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS; BLOOD-STREAM INFECTIONS; DOUBLE-BLIND; ANTIFUNGAL PROPHYLAXIS; CLINICAL-TRIALS; PROSPECTIVE MULTICENTER; ANTIBIOTIC-PROPHYLAXIS AB Objective: To evaluate the impact of fluconazole prophylaxis on the incidence of fungal infections and on mortality among critically ill surgical patients. Design: Meta-analysis of randomized, placebo-controlled trials of fluconazole prophylaxis. Patients. Subjects participating in the clinical trials in this area. Measurements and Main Results. We identified four randomized studies comparing fluconazole to placebo for prevention of fungal infections in the surgical intensive rare unit (SICU). The studies enrolled 626 patents and used differing dosing regimens of fluconazole. All trials were double-blind and two were multicenter studies. Fluconazole administration significantly reduced the incidence of fungal infections (pooled odds ratio, 0.44; 95% confidence interval 0.27-0.72; p < .001). However, fluconazole prophylaxis was not associated with a survival advantage (pooled OR for mortality, 0.87; 95% confidence interval, 0.59-1.28; p = NS). Fluconazole did not statistically alter the rate of candidemia, as this was low across the studies and developed in only 2.2% of all participants. Performing a sensitivity analysis and including two additional studies that indirectly examined fluconazole prophylaxis in the critically ill did not change our observations. Data from the reports reviewed were insufficient to allow comment on the impact of fluconazole prophylaxis on resource utilization, the distribution of nonalbicans species of Candida, and the emergence of antifungal resistance. Generally, fluconazole appeared to be safe for SICU patents. Conclusions: Prophylactic fluconazole administration for prevention of mycoses in SICU patients appears to successfully decrease the rate of these infections, but this strategy does not improve survival. The absence of a survival advantage may reflect the few studies in this area and the possibility that this issue has not been adequately studied. Because of the potential for both resistance and emergence of nonalbicans isolates, clinicians must consider these issues when evaluating fluconazole prophylaxis in the SICU. Future trials should focus on more precisely identifying patients at high risk for fungal infections and on determining if broader use of fluconazole alters the distribution of candidal species seen in the SICU and impacts measures of resource utilization such as length of stay and duration of mechanical ventilation. C1 Washington Hosp Ctr, Washington, DC 20010 USA. Medstar, Potomac, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Washington Univ, Sch Med, St Louis, MO USA. RP Shorr, AF (reprint author), Washington Hosp Ctr, Washington, DC 20010 USA. EM afshorr@dnamail.com NR 37 TC 93 Z9 97 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0090-3493 J9 CRIT CARE MED JI Crit. Care Med. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 33 IS 9 BP 1928 EP 1935 DI 10.1097/01.CCM.0000178352.14703.49 PG 8 WC Critical Care Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine GA 042CG UT WOS:000237504200005 PM 16148461 ER PT J AU Kyttaris, VC Juang, YT Tsokos, GC AF Kyttaris, VC Juang, YT Tsokos, GC TI Immune cells and cytokines in systemic lupus erythematosus: an update SO CURRENT OPINION IN RHEUMATOLOGY LA English DT Review DE B cells; interferon; interleukin-10; systemic lupus erythematosus; T cells ID CHAIN DOWN-REGULATION; ZETA MESSENGER-RNA; T-CELLS; DNA METHYLATION; TCR-ZETA; ALPHA; IGG; OVEREXPRESSION; IL-10; ABNORMALITIES AB Purpose of review Systemic lupus erythematosus is characterized by overactive cells that differentiate into autoantibody-forming cells, aberrant T cell function that provides help to B cells, and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. This article reviews recent studies unraveling the complex interplay between cytokines and lymphocytes,in systemic lupus erythematosus. Recent findings In systemic lupus erythematosus, T cells are characterized by heightened calcium responses early after activation of their surface receptor. Alterations of the T cell receptor/CD3 complex, namely the substitution of the Fc epsilon R gamma for the T cell receptor zeta chain, and increased mitochondrial potentials can account for this 'overexcitable' phenotype. At the same time, this heightened calcium signal leads to a block of the transcription of the IL-2 gene, a pivotal cytokine for the immune response. The end result is increased spontaneous apoptosis and decreased activation-induced cell death of T cells in systemic lupus erythematosus that in turn leads to I enhanced help to B cells and potentially decreased regulatory function. The B cells, on the other hand, are shown to be directly activated by immune complexes by way of Toll-like receptors independently of T cells. Finally, recent studies have tried to elucidate the role of cytokines such as-interferon-alpha in systemic lupus erythematosus and, following the paradigm of rheumatoid arthritis, to establish targets for treatment. Summary The increased apoptosis and aberrant T cell activation coupled with nonspecific activation of B cells lead to the production of auto-antigen: auto-antibody complexes that are the hallmark of systemic lupus erythematosus. Future treatments aiming at correcting the intracellular and intercellular signaling abnormalities may prove effective in restoring immune tolerance in systemic lupus erythematous. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Silver Spring, MD USA. Washington Hosp Ctr, Rheumatol Sect, Washington, DC 20010 USA. RP Tsokos, GC (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM gtsokos@usuhs.mil NR 29 TC 56 Z9 60 U1 2 U2 18 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1040-8711 J9 CURR OPIN RHEUMATOL JI CURR. OPIN. RHEUMATOL. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 17 IS 5 BP 518 EP 522 DI 10.1097/01.bor.0000170479.01451.ab PG 5 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 957PM UT WOS:000231382800003 PM 16093827 ER PT J AU Sfikakis, PP Boletis, JN Tsokos, GC AF Sfikakis, PP Boletis, JN Tsokos, GC TI Rituximab anti-B-cell therapy in systemic lupus erythematosus: pointing to the future SO CURRENT OPINION IN RHEUMATOLOGY LA English DT Review DE B cell; nephritis; rituximab; systemic lupus erythematosus; T cell ID ANTI-CD20 MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; LYMPHOCYTE DEPLETION; AUTOIMMUNE-DISEASES; CD40 LIGAND; DOWN-REGULATION; T-CELLS; REMISSION; NEPHRITIS; ACTIVATION AB Purpose of review To discuss the clinical effects and the immunologic consequences of transient B-cell depletion using the anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody rituximab in systemic lupus erythematosus. Recent findings A total of 100 rituximab-treated patients with severe disease, refractory to major immunosuppressive treatment, have been reported so far. Within a median follow-up period of 12 months rituximab was well tolerated, which is compatible with the experience accumulated from its use in more than 500 000 lymphoma patients. About 80% of patients achieved marked and rapid reductions in global disease activity. Because of the clinical heterogeneity, dosing differences, and concomitant treatments, including cyclophosphamide in 35% of patients, a proper evaluation of the clinical efficacy or rituximab is difficult. Variable degrees of clinical benefit have been reported for all clinical systemic lupus erythematosus manifestations, including active proliferative nephritis. Whereas 4-weekly infusions of 375 mg/m(2) of rituximab result in complete B-cell depletion lasting most often from 3 to 8 months, a prolonged depletion does not always correlate with a more favorable clinical response. Total immunoglobulin levels and protective antibodies are preserved, but anti-dsDNA antibody titers decrease, often independently of the clinical response. Summary The findings reviewed point to a growing optimism for targeting B cells in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus; therefore double-blind studies comparing rituximab with existing immunosuppressive therapies are needed. Moreover, careful assessments of the effects of transient B-cell depletion on distinct autoimmune pathogenetic processes will enable optimization of therapeutic single or combined therapeutic schemes. C1 Univ Athens, Sch Med, Dept Propedeut & Internal Med 1, Athens, Greece. Laikon Gen Hosp, Dept Nephrol, Athens, Greece. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Sfikakis, PP (reprint author), Univ Athens, Sch Med, Dept Propedeut Med 1, Laikon Hosp, 17 Ag Thoma Str, GR-11527 Athens, Greece. EM psfikakis@med.uoa.gr NR 54 TC 103 Z9 111 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1040-8711 J9 CURR OPIN RHEUMATOL JI CURR. OPIN. RHEUMATOL. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 17 IS 5 BP 550 EP 557 DI 10.1097/01.bor.0000172798.26249.fc PG 8 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 957PM UT WOS:000231382800008 PM 16093832 ER PT J AU Elias, AR Tam, CC David-Bajar, KM AF Elias, AR Tam, CC David-Bajar, KM TI Subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus, associated with leflunomide SO CUTIS LA English DT Article ID RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; THERAPY; AGENT; KINASE AB A skin eruption consistent with subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus (SCLE) occurred in a patient taking leflunomide for rheumatoid arthritis. The eruption resolved after discontinuation of the medication. Suppression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-effector mechanisms by leflunomide may have played a role in the pathogenesis of this disorder. C1 USA, Dept Dermatol, Dermatol Clin, Ft Drum, NY 13602 USA. RP Elias, AR (reprint author), USA, Dept Dermatol, Dermatol Clin, 11050 Mt Belvedere Blvd, Ft Drum, NY 13602 USA. EM anthony.elias@us.army.mil NR 33 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU QUADRANT HEALTHCOM INC PI CHATHAM PA 26 MAIN ST, STE A, CHATHAM, NJ 07928-2402 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD SEP PY 2005 VL 76 IS 3 BP 189 EP 192 PG 4 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 965IN UT WOS:000231944000006 PM 16268263 ER PT J AU Reese, DA Paul, AY Davis, B AF Reese, DA Paul, AY Davis, B TI Unilateral segmental Darier disease following Blaschko lines: A case report and review of the literature SO CUTIS LA English DT Review ID DYSKERATOTIC EPIDERMAL NEVUS; KERATOSIS FOLLICULARIS; CLINICAL-FEATURES; MUTATIONS; ATP2A2; GENE AB Darier disease (DD) is an autosomal-dominant skin disorder that is characterized by multiple keratotic papules, loss of epithelial adhesion, and abnormal keratinization. We describe an unusual case of late-onset unilateral segmental DD that follows the lines of Blaschko. Our patient did not exhibit other classic findings of DD. Our case and review of the literature suggest that lesions previously classified as acantholytic dyskeratotic epidermal nevi (ADEN) are actually unilateral segmental presentations of DD. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Western Univ Hlth Sci, Pomona, CA USA. RP Paul, AY (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM amy.paul@amedd.army.mil NR 28 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU QUADRANT HEALTHCOM INC PI CHATHAM PA 26 MAIN ST, STE A, CHATHAM, NJ 07928-2402 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD SEP PY 2005 VL 76 IS 3 BP 197 EP 200 PG 4 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 965IN UT WOS:000231944000008 PM 16268265 ER PT J AU Ferrick, MG Gatto, LW AF Ferrick, MG Gatto, LW TI Quantifying the effect of a freeze-thaw cycle on soil erosion: laboratory experiments SO EARTH SURFACE PROCESSES AND LANDFORMS LA English DT Article DE soil erosion; rill development; freeze-thaw effects; overland flow; sensitive dependence on initial conditions ID SHALLOW FLOW; DETACHMENT; RILL; ERODIBILITY; LOAM AB In this paper we quantitatively test the hypothesis that soil freeze-thaw (FT) processes significantly increase the potential for upland hillslope erosion during run-off events that follow thaw. We selected a highly frost-susceptible silt to obtain an upper bound on FT effects, and completed three series of six experiments each to quantify differences in soil erosion and rill development in a bare soil following a single FT cycle. Each series represented a specific soil moisture range: 16-18 per cent, 27-30 per cent and 37-40 per cent by volume, with nominal flow rates of 0-4, 1 center dot 2 and 2 center dot 4 L/min and slopes of 8 degrees and 15 degrees. Each experiment used two identical soil bins: one a control (C) that remained unfrozen, and another that was frozen and thawed once. Standard soil characterization tests did not detect significant differences between the FT and C bins. We measured cross-sectional geometry of an imposed straight rectangular rill before each experiment, sediment load during and rill cross-sections after. Changes in cross section provided detailed measures of erosion at specific locations, while sediment load from time series run-off samples integrated the rill erosion. Several parameters, including average maximum rill width, average maximum rill depth, rill cross-section depth measures and sediment load, all followed similar trends. Each was greater in the FT than in the C, with values that generally increased with slope and How. However, soil moisture was the only parameter that affected the FT/C ratios. Average sediment load grouped by soil moisture provided FT/C ratios of 2 center dot 4, 3 center dot 0 and 5 center dot 0 for low, mid and high moisture, respectively. In contrast, a 'dry' experiment at 4-5 per cent soil moisture had FT/C of 1 center dot 02 for sediment load. These results show a dramatic increase with soil moisture in the rate and quantity of bare soil eroded due to the FT cycle. As both FT and C results were highly sensitive to initial conditions, minimum differences in soil weight, bulk density and soil moisture through each series of experiments were required to achieve consistent results, indicating that rill erosion may be chaotic. Published in 2005 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Environm Serv Branch, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Ferrick, MG (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Environm Serv Branch, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM Michael.G.Ferrick@erdc.usace.army.mil RI Baulch, Helen/I-9529-2012 NR 26 TC 31 Z9 40 U1 3 U2 25 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0197-9337 J9 EARTH SURF PROC LAND JI Earth Surf. Process. Landf. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 30 IS 10 BP 1305 EP 1326 DI 10.1002/esp.1209 PG 22 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA 969DQ UT WOS:000232214000005 ER PT J AU Young, DK Reynolds, CL Swarninathan, V Walters, FS AF Young, DK Reynolds, CL Swarninathan, V Walters, FS TI Influence of Zn doping profiles on excitation dependence of photoluminescence intensity in InGaAsP heterostructures SO ELECTRONICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID INP LASERS; TEMPERATURE; PERFORMANCE AB It is known that the Zn doping profile in strained multi-quantum-well (MQW) InGaAsP lasers strongly affects the electro-optical characteristics of these devices and their temperature sensitivity A systematic investigation of the excitation dependence of the active layer photoluminescence (PL) intensity from compressively strained InGaAsP MOW pin laser material with different Zn doping profiles is described. When the pn junction lies within the active region, the excitation dependence of the PL intensity is superlinear at low excitation and linear at higher excitation. As the Zn profile is set back from the heterointerface creating a displaced pn junction from the active region, the excitation dependence is superlinear and linear at 300 K but becomes linear for all excitation powers at 77 K. The implications of these observations are discussed. C1 CALTECH, Engn & Sci Dept, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20873 USA. NanoOpto Corp, Somerset, NJ 08873 USA. RP Young, DK (reprint author), CALTECH, Engn & Sci Dept, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. EM lew_reynolds@ncsu.edu NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEE-INST ELEC ENG PI HERTFORD PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD SG1 2AY, ENGLAND SN 0013-5194 J9 ELECTRON LETT JI Electron. Lett. PD SEP 1 PY 2005 VL 41 IS 18 BP 1008 EP 1010 DI 10.1049/el:20052347 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 970UN UT WOS:000232336800014 ER PT J AU Sherer, CR Sprague, BM Campos, JM Nambiar, S Temple, R Short, B Singh, N AF Sherer, CR Sprague, BM Campos, JM Nambiar, S Temple, R Short, B Singh, N TI Characterizing vancomycin-resistant enterococci in neonatal intensive care SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID COLONIZATION; SURVEILLANCE; UNITS AB Repetitive sequence-based polymerase chain reaction fingerprinting was used to characterize 23 vancomycin nonsusceptible enterococcal isolates from 2003 to 2004. Five genetically related clusters spanned geographically distinct referring centers. DNA fingerprinting showed infant-to-infant transmission from referring institutions. Thus, community healthcare facilities are a source of vancomycin-nonsusceptible enterococci and should be targeted for increased infection control efforts. C1 George Washington Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Washington, DC 20010 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Childrens Natl Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20010 USA. RP Singh, N (reprint author), George Washington Univ, Sch Med, 111 Michigan Ave NW, Washington, DC 20010 USA. EM nsingh@cnmc.org NR 15 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD SEP PY 2005 VL 11 IS 9 BP 1470 EP 1472 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 960LG UT WOS:000231591400028 PM 16229786 ER PT J AU Feinberg, EC Larsen, FW Catherino, WH Armstrong, AY AF Feinberg, EC Larsen, FW Catherino, WH Armstrong, AY TI Increased access to care results in increased utilization of ART services by African American women. SO FERTILITY AND STERILITY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Conjoint Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Reproductive-Medicine/Canadian-Fertility-and-Androl ogy-Society CY OCT 15-19, 2005 CL Montreal, CANADA SP Amer Soc Reprod Med, Canadian Fertil & Androl Soc C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. NICHD, NIH, Reprod Biol & Med Branch, Bethesda, MD USA. NIH, Combined Fed Fellowship Reprod Endocrinol & Infer, Bethesda, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0015-0282 J9 FERTIL STERIL JI Fertil. Steril. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 84 SU 1 BP S238 EP S238 DI 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.07.615 PG 1 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA 967TR UT WOS:000232114600608 ER PT J AU Feinberg, EC Larsen, FW Catherino, WH Segars, JH Armstrong, AY AF Feinberg, EC Larsen, FW Catherino, WH Segars, JH Armstrong, AY TI Leiomyoma may explain racial differences in ART outcome between African American and Caucasian women. SO FERTILITY AND STERILITY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Conjoint Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Reproductive-Medicine/Canadian-Fertility-and-Androl ogy-Society CY OCT 15-19, 2005 CL Montreal, CANADA SP Amer Soc Reprod Med, Canadian Fertil & Androl Soc C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. NICHD, NIH, Reprod Biol & Med Branch, Bethesda, MD USA. NIH, Combined Fed Fellowship Reprod Endocrinol & Infer, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0015-0282 J9 FERTIL STERIL JI Fertil. Steril. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 84 SU 1 BP S141 EP S141 DI 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.07.344 PG 1 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA 967TR UT WOS:000232114600345 ER PT J AU Gustofson, RL Tong, Z Larsen, FW Nelson, LM AF Gustofson, RL Tong, Z Larsen, FW Nelson, LM TI Women who meet the clinical characteristics of a maternal effect gene defect have a higher incidence of unexplained infertility. SO FERTILITY AND STERILITY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Conjoint Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Reproductive-Medicine/Canadian-Fertility-and-Androl ogy-Society CY OCT 15-19, 2005 CL Montreal, CANADA SP Amer Soc Reprod Med, Canadian Fertil & Androl Soc C1 NICHHD, NIH, Dev Endocrinol Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, ART Program, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Combined Fed Fellowship Reprod Endocrinol & Infer, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0015-0282 J9 FERTIL STERIL JI Fertil. Steril. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 84 SU 1 BP S140 EP S140 DI 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.07.342 PG 1 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA 967TR UT WOS:000232114600343 ER PT J AU Gustofson, RL Browne, P Van Nest, RL Richter, KS Larsen, FW AF Gustofson, RL Browne, P Van Nest, RL Richter, KS Larsen, FW TI Aggressive outpatient management of severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome avoids complications and prolonged disease course. SO FERTILITY AND STERILITY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Conjoint Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Reproductive-Medicine/Canadian-Fertility-and-Androl ogy-Society CY OCT 15-19, 2005 CL Montreal, CANADA SP Amer Soc Reprod Med, Canadian Fertil & Androl Soc C1 NICHHD, NIH, Reprod Biol & Med Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Shady GRove Fertil Ctr, Rockville, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, ART Program, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Combined Fellowship REI, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0015-0282 J9 FERTIL STERIL JI Fertil. Steril. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 84 SU 1 BP S95 EP S95 DI 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.07.229 PG 1 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA 967TR UT WOS:000232114600230 ER PT J AU Andrews, AH Napierkowski, JJ Hwang, I Smith, MT AF Andrews, AH Napierkowski, JJ Hwang, I Smith, MT TI A combat-related foreign body SO GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Gastroenterol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Andrews, AH (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Gastroenterol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0016-5107 J9 GASTROINTEST ENDOSC JI Gastrointest. Endosc. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 62 IS 3 BP 438 EP 439 AR PII S0016-5107(05)00558-4 DI 10.1016/S0016-5107(05)00558-4 PG 2 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 960XY UT WOS:000231627700020 PM 16111966 ER PT J AU Moses, FM Hwang, I AF Moses, FM Hwang, I TI Transient thoracic duct obstruction: evaluation by EUS SO GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY LA English DT Article ID LYMPH; MASS C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Gastroenterol Serv, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Moses, FM (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Gastroenterol Serv, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0016-5107 J9 GASTROINTEST ENDOSC JI Gastrointest. Endosc. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 62 IS 3 BP 457 EP 459 AR PII S0016-5107(05)01584-1 DI 10.1016/S0016-5107(05)01584-1 PG 3 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 960XY UT WOS:000231627700036 PM 16111975 ER PT J AU Watson, S AF Watson, S TI Peacekeeping on the plains: Army operations in bleeding Kansas. SO GREAT PLAINS QUARTERLY LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Hist, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Watson, S (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Hist, West Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENT GREAT PLAINS STUD PI LINCOLN PA UNIV NEBRASKA-LINCOLN 1214 OLDFATHER HALL, LINCOLN, NE 68588-0313 USA SN 0275-7664 J9 GREAT PLAINS QUART JI Gt. Plains Q. PD FAL PY 2005 VL 25 IS 4 BP 273 EP 273 PG 1 WC Humanities, Multidisciplinary SC Arts & Humanities - Other Topics GA 989TO UT WOS:000233697000020 ER PT J AU Kiesling, EC AF Kiesling, EC TI War and society in Europe, 1898 to the present. SO HISTORIAN LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Kiesling, EC (reprint author), US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0018-2370 J9 HISTORIAN JI Historian PD FAL PY 2005 VL 67 IS 3 BP 590 EP 590 PG 1 WC History SC History GA 963GB UT WOS:000231790700077 ER PT J AU Wang, Q Han, S Yan, L Ho, PT Dubinskii, M Wood, GL Zandi, B AF Wang, Q Han, S Yan, L Ho, PT Dubinskii, M Wood, GL Zandi, B TI Mutual injection locking of two individual Nd : YVO4 lasers SO IEEE JOURNAL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE coherent beam combining; compound cavity; mutual injection locking ID COHERENT ADDITION; TALBOT-CAVITY; PHASE-LOCKING; DIODE-LASERS; ARRAY AB We studied mutual injection locking of two individual continuous-wave Nd:YVO4 lasers that were coupled through an external section. The two lasers lased at the same wavelength with a stable output power and interference fringes with high contrast ratio in the combined beam profile showed good mutual coherence of the two lasers. Mutual injection locking was also achieved without active stabilization for individual lasers with a large cavity length difference and low Q-factors. The calculated combined output power under symmetric pumping agreed with the experimental results. Even when output couplings of individual lasers are not optimized, the output coupling of the combining section can be optimized to make the extracted power very close to the sum of maximum powers that can be extracted from individual free running lasers under optimal output coupling. C1 Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Comp Sci & Elect Engn, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Wang, Q (reprint author), Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Comp Sci & Elect Engn, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. EM qiwang@umbc.edu; shan1@umbc.edu; liyan@umbe.edu; ho@eng.umd.edu; mdubinskiy@arl.army.mil; gwood@arl.army.mil; bzandi@arl.army.mil NR 14 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9197 J9 IEEE J QUANTUM ELECT JI IEEE J. Quantum Electron. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 41 IS 9 BP 1168 EP 1175 DI 10.1109/JQE.2005.852993 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA 955ZW UT WOS:000231269700008 ER PT J AU Hoffman, LJ Rosenberg, T Dodge, R Ragsdale, D AF Hoffman, LJ Rosenberg, T Dodge, R Ragsdale, D TI Exploring a National Cybersecurity Exercise for Universities SO IEEE SECURITY & PRIVACY LA English DT Article C1 George Washington Univ, Washington, DC 20052 USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Elect & Comp Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Hoffman, LJ (reprint author), George Washington Univ, Washington, DC 20052 USA. EM lanceh@gwu.edu; tim@whitewolfsecurity.com; ronald.dodge@usma.edu; daniel.ragsdale@usma.edu NR 9 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 1540-7993 J9 IEEE SECUR PRIV JI IEEE Secur. Priv. PD SEP-OCT PY 2005 VL 3 IS 5 BP 27 EP 33 DI 10.1109/MSP.2005.120 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA 969KR UT WOS:000232233500006 ER PT J AU Darwish, AM Bayba, A Hung, HA AF Darwish, AM Bayba, A Hung, HA TI Comments on "Thermal resistance calculation of AlGaN-GaN devices" - Authors' reply SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES LA English DT Letter C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Darwish, AM (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM adarwish@arl.army.mil; michal@enel.ucalgary.ca; hagness@engr.wisc.edu NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9480 J9 IEEE T MICROW THEORY JI IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 53 IS 9 SI SI BP 3052 EP 3053 DI 10.1109/TMTT.2005.854214 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 962HI UT WOS:000231721300049 ER PT J AU Hoyos, S Sadler, BM AF Hoyos, S Sadler, BM TI Ultra-wideband analog-to-digital conversion via signal expansion SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE analog to digital conversion (ADC); communications receiver; high-speed ADC; mixed-signal processing; quantization; signal expansion; ultra-wideband ID OVERSAMPLED A/D CONVERSION; SIGMA-DELTA-MODULATION; ADC; QUANTIZATION AB We consider analog to digital (A/D) conversion, based on the quantization of coefficients obtained via the projection of a continuous time signal over a set of basis functions. The framework presented here for A/D conversion is motivated by the sampling of an input signal in domains which may lead to significantly less demanding A/D conversion characteristics, i.e., lower sampling rates and lower bit resolution requirements. We show that the proposed system efficiently parallelizes the analog to digital converter (ADC), which lowers the sampling rate requirements by increasing the number of basis functions on which the continuous time signal is projected, leading to a tradeoff between sampling rate reduction and system complexity. Additionally, the A/D conversion resolution requirements can be reduced by optimally assigning the available number of bits according to the variance distribution of the coefficients obtained from the signal projection over the new A/D conversion domain. In particular, we study A/D conversion in the frequency domain, where samples of the continuous signal spectrum are taken such that no time aliasing occurs in the discrete time version of the signal. We show that the frequency domain ADC overcomes some of the difficulties encountered in conventional time-domain methods for A/D conversion of signals with very large bandwidths, such as ultra-wideband (UWB) signals. The proposed A/D conversion method is compared with conventional ADCs based on pulse code modulation (PCM). Fundamental figures of merit in A/D conversion and system tradeoffs are discussed for the proposed ADC. The signal-to-noise and distortion ratios of the frequency domain ADC are presented, which quantify the impact of the most critical impairments of the proposed ADC technique. We also consider application to communications receivers, and provide a design example of a multi-carrier UWB receiver. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley Wireless Res Ctr, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Berkeley, CA 94704 USA. USA, Res Lab, AMSRD, ARL,CI,CN, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley Wireless Res Ctr, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Berkeley, CA 94704 USA. EM hoyos@eecs.berkeley.edu; bsadler@arl.army.mil NR 37 TC 25 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 6 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9545 EI 1939-9359 J9 IEEE T VEH TECHNOL JI IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 54 IS 5 BP 1609 EP 1622 DI 10.1109/TVT.2005.856195 PG 14 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Telecommunications; Transportation GA 986FR UT WOS:000233436000008 ER PT J AU Capoglu, IR Li, Y Swami, A AF Capoglu, IR Li, Y Swami, A TI Effect of Doppler spread in OFDM-based UWB systems SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th IEEE Workshop on Signal Processing Advances in Wireless Communications CY JUL 11-14, 2004 CL Lisbon, PORTUGAL SP IEEE DE Doppler spread; intercarrier interference (ICI); orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM); underwater communications; ultrawideband (UWB) AB Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) can be used in ultrawideband (UWB) communications to deal with delay spread of UWB channels. Relative motion between transmitter, receiver, and scattering environment induces Doppler spread. Since Doppler shift is proportional to subcarrier frequency, the time-selective fading is subcarrier dependent. In a narrowband (NB) system, this dependence is negligible, and all subcarriers are subjected to the same time-selective fading. However, in a UWB system, different subcarriers will experience different fading. In this paper, intercarrier interference (ICI) caused by the relative motion between transmitter and receiver in OFDM-based UWB communications is investigated. An exact expression as well as bounds is derived for the degradation of performance measured by signal-to-interference ratio (SIR). A design example is given to illustrate the concepts developed in the paper. C1 Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Capoglu, IR (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM capoglu@ece.gatech.edu; liye@ece.gatech.edu; a.swami@ieee.org RI Capoglu, Ilker/D-8291-2012 NR 13 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1536-1276 J9 IEEE T WIREL COMMUN JI IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 4 IS 5 BP 2559 EP 2567 DI 10.1109/TWC.2005.853978 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 986VM UT WOS:000233477800064 ER PT J AU Willens, S Stoskopf, MK Martin, LD Lewbart, GA AF Willens, S Stoskopf, MK Martin, LD Lewbart, GA TI Viability of glycerol-preserved and cryopreserved anuran skin SO IN VITRO CELLULAR & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY-ANIMAL LA English DT Article DE bufo marinus; rana catesbeiana; trypan ID BULLFROG RANA-CATESBEIANA; FREEZE TOLERANCE; HYLA-VERSICOLOR; CRYOPROTECTANT MOBILIZATION; GRAY TREEFROG; COLD; RESPONSES; ALLOGRAFTS; MALATHION; SURVIVAL AB Anurans are important animal models for studying the effects of anthropogenic chemical contamination of the environment. Two-compartment Teflon flow-through diffusion cells can be used to study percutaneous absorption of xenobiotics across harvested skin. However, such an approach currently necessitates that skin be harvested just before experimentation, a requirement that calls for the continuous growth and housing of living animals. The ability to preserve and store skin would allow more efficient use of animals and more flexibility in experimental design. To this end, we examined the viability of harvested anuran skin stored under various protocols consistent with current praetices of mammalian skin preservation. Skin from the American bullfrog maintained 80-85% viability after 28 d, whereas viability of skin from the marine toad was only maintained for 7-10 d. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Environm Med Consortium, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Clin Sci, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Mol Biomed Sci, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. RP Willens, S (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, 3100 Ricketts Point Rd,APG-EA, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM scott.willens@amedd.army.mil FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL66236] NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU SOC IN VITRO BIOLOGY PI LARGO PA 9315 LARGO DR WEST, STE 25, LARGO, MD 20774 USA SN 1071-2690 J9 IN VITRO CELL DEV-AN JI In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol.-Anim. PD SEP-OCT PY 2005 VL 41 IS 8-9 BP 258 EP 263 PG 6 WC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology SC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology GA 002UX UT WOS:000234638400003 PM 16409111 ER PT J AU Pless, DD Ruthe, G Reinke, EK Ulrich, RG Bavari, S AF Pless, DD Ruthe, G Reinke, EK Ulrich, RG Bavari, S TI Persistence of zinc-binding bacterial superantigens at the surface of antigen-presenting cells contributes to the extreme potency of these superantigens as T-cell activators SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID MHC-CLASS-II; STAPHYLOCOCCAL-ENTEROTOXIN-B; TOXIC-SHOCK-SYNDROME; INVARIANT CHAIN COMPLEXES; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; HLA-DR; LYMPHOBLASTOID CELLS; STRUCTURAL BASIS; CROSS-LINKING; HIGH-AFFINITY AB Bacterial superantigen intoxication causes massive overactivation of T cells, which can result in potentially lethal toxic shock. Superantigens fall into two groups: superantigens such as staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) that contain a single generic binding site for major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC-II) and more potent superantigens such as SEA with a second, zinc-dependent MHC-II binding site that enables them to cross-link adjacent MHC-II molecules. We found that although all superantigens bound rapidly to the surface of human B cells, zinc-binding superantigens largely remained at the cell surface for at least 40 h. In contrast, single-binding-site superantigens were greatly depleted from the surface by 4 h. Subcellular fractionation and confocal microscopy revealed that some SEB entered lysosomal compartments, but SEA remained almost undetectable inside cells at 20 h. SEA and SEB mutants that do not bind MHC-II were trafficked rapidly to lysosomal compartments. Our findings suggest that the persistence of SEA and other zinc-dependent, cross-linking superantigens on the surface of antigen-presenting cells contributes to their potency as T-cell activators. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, 1425 Porter St, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. EM Bavaris@ncifcrf.gov NR 55 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 EI 1098-5522 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 73 IS 9 BP 5358 EP 5366 DI 10.1128/IAI.73.9.5358-5366.2005 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 958PK UT WOS:000231460000008 PM 16113251 ER PT J AU Smith, TJ Lou, J Geren, IN Forsyth, CM Tsai, R LaPorte, SL Tepp, WH Bradshaw, M Johnson, EA Smith, LA Marks, JD AF Smith, TJ Lou, J Geren, IN Forsyth, CM Tsai, R LaPorte, SL Tepp, WH Bradshaw, M Johnson, EA Smith, LA Marks, JD TI Sequence variation within botulinum neurotoxin serotypes impacts antibody binding and neutralizaiion SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID AMINO-ACID-SEQUENCE; CLOSTRIDIUM-BUTYRICUM STRAINS; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; INFANT BOTULISM; B NEUROTOXIN; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; PROGENITOR TOXIN; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; ENCODING GENE; A ANTIBODIES AB The botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) are category A biothreat agents which have been the focus of intensive efforts to develop vaccines and antibody-based prophylaxis and treatment. Such approaches must take into account the extensive BoNT sequence variability; the seven BoNT serotypes differ by up to 70% at the amino acid level. Here, we have analyzed 49 complete published sequences of BoNTs and show that all toxins also exhibit variability within serotypes ranging between 2.6 and 31.6%. To determine the impact of such sequence differences on immune recognition, we studied the binding and neutralization capacity of six BoNT serotype A (BoNT/A) monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to BoNT/A1 and BoNT/A2, which differ by 10% at the amino acid level. While all six MAbs bound BoNT/A1 with high affinity, three of the six MAbs showed a marked reduction in binding affinity of 500- to more than 1,000-fold to BoNT/A2 toxin. Binding results predicted in vivo toxin neutralization; NlAbs or MAb combinations that potently neutralized A1 toxin but did not bind A2 toxin had minimal neutralizing capacity for A2 toxin. This was most striking for a combination of three binding domain MAbs which together neutralized > 40,000 mouse 50% lethal doses (LD(50)s) of A1 toxin but less than 500 LD(50)s of A2 toxin. Combining three MAbs which bound both At and A2 toxins potently neutralized both toxins. We conclude that sequence variability exists within all toxin serotypes, and this impacts monoclonal antibody binding and neutralization. Such subtype sequence variability must be accounted for when generating and evaluating diagnostic and therapeutic antibodies. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Gen Hosp, Dept Anesthesia & Pharmaceut Chem, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Toxinol Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Food Microbiol & Toxicol, Madison, WI 53705 USA. RP Marks, JD (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Gen Hosp, Dept Anesthesia & Pharmaceut Chem, Rm 3C-38,1001 Portero Ave, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA. EM marksj@anesthesia.ucsf.edu FU NIAID NIH HHS [U01 AI056493] NR 59 TC 178 Z9 185 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 73 IS 9 BP 5450 EP 5457 DI 10.1128/IAI.73.9.5450-5457.2005 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 958PK UT WOS:000231460000018 PM 16113261 ER PT J AU Dutta, S Kaushal, DC Ware, LA Puri, SK Kaushal, NA Narula, A Upadhyaya, DS Lanar, DE AF Dutta, S Kaushal, DC Ware, LA Puri, SK Kaushal, NA Narula, A Upadhyaya, DS Lanar, DE TI Merozoite surface protein 1 of Plasmodium vivax induces a protective response against Plasmodium cynomolgi challenge in rhesus monkeys SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID MEROZOITE SURFACE PROTEIN-1; C-TERMINAL FRAGMENT; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; IMMUNOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; RECOMBINANT PROTEINS; VACCINE CANDIDATE; SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; MALARIA VACCINE AB The 42-kDa fragment of the merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP-1(42)) is a leading candidate for the development of a vaccine to control malaria. We previously reported a method for the production of Plasmodium vivax MSP-1(42) (PVMSP-1(42)) as a soluble protein (S. Dutta, L. W. Ware, A. Barbosa, C. F. Ockenhouse, and D. E. Lanar, Infect. Immun. 69:5464-5470, 2001). We report here a process to manufacture the same PVMSP-142 protein but as an insoluble inclusion body-derived protein which was then refolded in vitro. We compared the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of the soluble and refolded forms of PVMSP-1(42), protein by using a heterologous but closely related P. cynomolgi-rhesus monkey challenge model. As comparative controls we also expressed, purified, and immunized rhesus with the soluble and refolded forms of the P. cynomolgi MSP-1(42) (PcMSP-1(42)) proteins. All proteins induced equally high-titer, cross-reacting antibodies. Upon challenge with P. cynomolgi, none of the MSP-1(42)-vaccinated groups demonstrated sterile protection or a delay in the prepatent period. However, following an initial rise in parasitemia, all MSP-1-vaccinated animals had significantly lower parasite burdens as indicated by lower cumulative parasitemia, lower peak parasitemia, lower secondary peak parasitemia, and lower average daily parasitemia compared to the adjuvant control group (P < 0.05). Except the soluble PCMSP-1(42) group, monkeys in all other groups had fewer numbers of days with parasitemia of > 10,000 parasites mm(-3). Interestingly, there was no significant difference in the level of partial protection observed in the homologous and heterologous groups in this challenge model. The soluble and refolded forms of PCMSP-1(42) and PVMSP-1(42) proteins also appeared to have a similar partially protective effect. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Cent Drug Res Inst, Div Microbiol, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India. Cent Drug Res Inst, Div Parasitol, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India. Cent Drug Res Inst, Div Lab Anim, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India. RP Lanar, DE (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM david.lanar@us.army.mil RI Lanar, David/B-3560-2011 NR 46 TC 29 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 73 IS 9 BP 5936 EP 5944 DI 10.1128/IAI.73.9.5936-5944.2005 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 958PK UT WOS:000231460000071 PM 16113314 ER PT J AU Schaecher, K Kumar, S Yadava, A Vahey, M Ockenhouse, CF AF Schaecher, K Kumar, S Yadava, A Vahey, M Ockenhouse, CF TI Genome-wide expression profiling in malaria infection reveals transcriptional changes associated with lethal and nonlethal outcomes SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID PLASMODIUM-YOELII MALARIA; MURINE MALARIA; GENE-EXPRESSION; SPLENIC CONTROL; BERGHEI-YOELII; BALB/C MICE; SPLEEN; MODEL; ERYTHROPOIESIS; MECHANISMS AB High-density oligonucleotide microarrays are widely used to study gene expression in cells exposed to a variety of pathogens. This study addressed the global genome-wide transcriptional activation of genes in hosts infected in vivo, which result in radically different clinical outcomes. We present an analysis of the gene expression profiles that identified a set of host biomarkers which distinguish between lethal and nonlethal blood stage Plasmodium yoelii malaria infections. Multiple biological replicates sampled during the course of infection were used to establish statistically valid sets of differentially expressed genes. These genes that correlated with the intensity of infection were used to identify pathways of cellular processes related to metabolic perturbations, erythropoiesis, and B-cell immune responses and other innate and cellular immune responses. The transcriptional apparatus that controls gene expression in erythropoiesis was also differentially expressed and regulated the expression of target genes involved in the host's response to malaria anemia. The biological systems approach provides unprecedented opportunities to explore the pathophysiology of host-pathogen interactions in experimental malaria infection and to decipher functionally complex networks of gene and protein interactions. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. US FDA, Div Emerging & Transfus Transmitted Dis, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. RP Ockenhouse, CF (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM chris.ockenhouse@na.amedd.army.mil NR 36 TC 24 Z9 28 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 73 IS 9 BP 6091 EP 6100 DI 10.1128/IAI.73.9.6091-6100.2005 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 958PK UT WOS:000231460000087 PM 16113330 ER PT J AU Floyd, JM Gray, GM VanEngen Spivey, AG Lawson, CM Pritchett, TM Ferry, MJ Hoffman, RC Mott, AG AF Floyd, JM Gray, GM VanEngen Spivey, AG Lawson, CM Pritchett, TM Ferry, MJ Hoffman, RC Mott, AG TI Synthesis, X-ray crystal structures and linear and nonlinear optical characterization of a series of nickel(II) and copper(II) salicylaldiminato complexes SO INORGANICA CHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE nickel; copper; salicylaldiminato; third-order; nonlinear optics ID METAL-COMPLEXES; PHTHALOCYANINES; LIQUIDS AB A series of nickel(II) and copper(II) salicylaldiminato complexes containing side arms with either potentially coordinating (OH) or non-coordinating (0) functional groups have been prepared and characterized by X-ray crystallography. The Cu(11) complexes are square planar, but the Ni(11) complexes prefer octahedral coordination. Linear absorption spectra depend on the metal and on its coordination geometry, with the octahedral Ni(11) complexes being the most weakly absorbing at 532 nm and the square planar Cu(11) complexes being the most strongly absorbing at 532 nm. The third-order nonlinear optical properties of the complexes have been characterized using degenerate four-wave mixing (DFWM) and Z-scan. Two different Z-scan experimental configurations were used, one of which employs a Gaussian beam in a tightly focused geometry while the other employs a top-hat beam and a more relaxed focus. The observed third-order optical nonlinearity is primarily due to transient thermal (photo-acoustic) effects associated with linear absorption in the samples. The dependence of the third-order nonlinear optical properties on the linear absorption means that the nonlinear optical properties vary substantially between the complexes even though they all contain the same chromophore. The hyperpolarizability of one of the complexes, gamma = 1.3 x 10(-30) esu, rivals the nonlinearities measured at 532 nm in expanded porphyrin and phthalocyanine complexes. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Alabama, Dept Chem, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Univ Alabama, Dept Phys, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Gray, GM (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Chem, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. EM gmgray@uab.edu NR 36 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0020-1693 J9 INORG CHIM ACTA JI Inorg. Chim. Acta PD SEP 1 PY 2005 VL 358 IS 13 BP 3773 EP 3785 DI 10.1016/j.ica.2005.05.009 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 971LB UT WOS:000232384400026 ER PT J AU Robbins, RG AF Robbins, RG TI Marketing the mite business SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ACAROLOGY LA English DT Article DE marketing; acarology; mites; ticks; Web sites; online information ID ACARI AB In order to thrive, acarologists should embrace the principles of successful publishing in the private sector and should take the fullest possible advantage of today's arbiter of advertising: the World Wide Web. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, DPMIAC, AFPMB, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Robbins, RG (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, DPMIAC, AFPMB, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM richard.robbins@osd.mil NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INDIRA PUBLISHING HOUSE PI WEST BLOOMFIELD PA P O BOX 250456, WEST BLOOMFIELD, MI 48325-0456 USA SN 0164-7954 J9 INT J ACAROL JI Int. J. Acarol. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 31 IS 3 BP 297 EP 298 PG 2 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 960PX UT WOS:000231606700012 ER PT J AU Duan, Y Keefe, M Bogetti, TA Cheeseman, BA AF Duan, Y Keefe, M Bogetti, TA Cheeseman, BA TI Modeling friction effects on the ballistic impact behavior of a single-ply high-strength fabric SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE ballistic impact; fabric; friction; energy absorption; finite element analysis ID ARMOR; ENERGY AB It has been shown through experiments that interfacial friction affects the energy absorption of fabrics subjected to ballistic impact. However, how the friction plays a role is not well understood. In this paper, a commercially available finite element analysis code, LS-DYNA, is used to model the ballistic impact of a square patch of single-ply plain-woven fabric. Three types of boundary conditions are applied on the fabric: four edges clamped, two edges clamped, and four edges free. The friction between yarns at their crossovers and the friction between projectile and fabric are taken into account. Effects of the friction during the phase prior to yarn failure are parametrically studied. Simulation results show that at a given time, the fabric with high friction absorbs more energy than the fabric with no friction. For the boundary condition with four edges free, friction contributes to increasing the fabric energy absorption mainly through the mechanism of frictional sliding dissipated energy. For the boundary conditions with two or four edges clamped, the energy dissipated through frictional sliding only accounts for a very small portion of the total absorbed energy; however, both the yarn strain energy and the yarn kinetic energy are increased when there is friction. Friction has an indirect effect on the fabric energy absorption by influencing the number of yarns that become involved. Simulation results also indicate that the boundary conditions significantly affect the fabric deformation, stress distribution, and time history of energy absorption. (c) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Delaware, Ctr Composite Mat, Newark, DE 19716 USA. Univ Delaware, Dept Mech Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Duan, Y (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Ctr Composite Mat, Newark, DE 19716 USA. EM duan@ccm.udel.edu RI Duan, Yiping/A-5541-2011 NR 20 TC 106 Z9 113 U1 0 U2 13 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0734-743X J9 INT J IMPACT ENG JI Int. J. Impact Eng. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 31 IS 8 BP 996 EP 1012 DI 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2004.06.008 PG 17 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA 911WC UT WOS:000228036000005 ER PT J AU O'Daniel, JL Koudela, KL Krauthammer, T AF O'Daniel, JL Koudela, KL Krauthammer, T TI Numerical simulation and validation of distributed impact events SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE numerical simulation; distributed impact; UNDEX; shock qualification; response equivalency AB An underwater explosion (UNDEX) validation methodology was presented in O'Daniel et al. (2002, Int. J. Impact. Eng. 27, 919), describing a process where precision impact tests were used to generate a response equivalent to the underwater structural response of a flat panel subjected to a blast wave. A critical part of the methodology was to validate the code LS-DYNA3D (LSTC 936 (1995)) for the explicit finite element analyses of the short duration elastic responses of aluminum and composite panels subjected to low velocity, line and distributed impact loadings. A line impact was used as a base to perform preliminary tests of the precision impact test system, and the distributed impact configuration was necessary to generate a response similar to an underwater blast wave loading. Once validated for that range of structural response under impact loading conditions, LS-DYNA3D could then be used to predict impact tests to find responses that were equivalent to the UNDEX response of the target. This paper presents a detailed description of the precision impact events, and a comprehensive coverage of the validation of LS-DYNA3D for those impact events. O'Daniel et al. [1] provides an explanation of the equivalence between impact and UNDEX, as well as the overall methodology. A precision impact test machine was designed and fabricated, and low velocity impact tests were conducted to experimentally determine the panel responses for each impact configuration. Overall, the numerical predictions correlated well with the experimental results. However, better correlation may be achievable if more complex hyperelastic material models are used for the rubber materials in the composite and the impactor, a more detailed representation of the test frame-distributed impactor interface is included, and a static preload is numerically included in the panel-to-support interface. Details of the panel configurations, general impact solution methods, numerical simulations, precision impact equipment and impact tests, and comparisons between simulation and test results are presented. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USA, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Struct Mech Branch, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Penn State Univ, Appl Res Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Penn State Univ, Protect Technol Ctr, State Coll, PA 16801 USA. RP O'Daniel, JL (reprint author), USA, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Struct Mech Branch, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM james.l.o'daniel@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 20 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0734-743X J9 INT J IMPACT ENG JI Int. J. Impact Eng. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 31 IS 8 BP 1013 EP 1038 DI 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2004.06.002 PG 26 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA 911WC UT WOS:000228036000006 ER PT J AU Sterling, KB AF Sterling, KB TI Constantine Samuel Rafinesque: A voice in the American wilderness. SO ISIS LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Combined Arms Support Command, Ft Lee, VA 23801 USA. RP Sterling, KB (reprint author), USA, Combined Arms Support Command, Ft Lee, VA 23801 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0021-1753 J9 ISIS JI Isis PD SEP PY 2005 VL 96 IS 3 BP 441 EP 442 DI 10.1086/498782 PG 2 WC History & Philosophy Of Science SC History & Philosophy of Science GA 974ET UT WOS:000232574800032 ER PT J AU Montano, SM Sanchez, JL Laguna-Torres, A Cuchi, P Avila, MM Weissenbacher, M Serra, M Vinoles, J Russi, JC Aguayo, N Galeano, AH Gianella, A Andrade, R Arredondo, A Ramirez, E Acosta, ME Alava, A Montoya, O Guevara, A Manrique, H Sanchez, JL Lama, JR de la Hoz, F Sanchez, GI Ayala, C Pacheco, ME Carrion, G Chauca, G Perez, JJ Negrete, M Russell, KL Bautista, CT Olson, JG Watts, DM Birx, DL Carr, JK AF Montano, SM Sanchez, JL Laguna-Torres, A Cuchi, P Avila, MM Weissenbacher, M Serra, M Vinoles, J Russi, JC Aguayo, N Galeano, AH Gianella, A Andrade, R Arredondo, A Ramirez, E Acosta, ME Alava, A Montoya, O Guevara, A Manrique, H Sanchez, JL Lama, JR de la Hoz, F Sanchez, GI Ayala, C Pacheco, ME Carrion, G Chauca, G Perez, JJ Negrete, M Russell, KL Bautista, CT Olson, JG Watts, DM Birx, DL Carr, JK CA South Amer HIV Mol Surveillance TI Prevalences, genotypes, and risk factors for HIV transmission in South America SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th International AIDS Conference CY JUL 11-17, 2004 CL Bangkok, THAILAND DE HIV; prevalence; risk factors; molecular epidemiology; genotypes; surveillance; commercial sex workers ID FEMALE-SEX-WORKERS; SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED DISEASES; CIRCULATING RECOMBINANT FORM; EMERGING GENETIC DIVERSITY; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; INFECTION; BRAZIL; MEN; SEROPREVALENCE; ARGENTINA AB HIV cross-sectional studies were conducted among high-risk populations in 9 countries of South America. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay screening and Western blot confirmatory testing were performed, and env heteroduplex mobility assay genotyping and DNA sequencing were performed on a subset of HIV positive subjects. HIV prevalences were highest among men who have sex with men (MSM; 2.0%-27.8%) and were found to be associated with multiple partners, noninjection drug use (non-IDU), and sexually transmitted infections (STIs). By comparison, much lower prevalences were noted among female commercial sex workers (FCSWs; 0%-6.3%) and were associated mainly with a prior IDU and STI history. Env subtype B predominated among MSM throughout the region (more than 90% of strains), whereas env subtype F predominated among FCSWs in Argentina and male commercial sex workers in Uruguay (more than 50% of strains). A renewed effort in controlling STIs, especially among MSM groups, could significantly lessen the impact of the HIV epidemic in South America. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, US Mil HIV Res Program, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD USA. USN, Med Res Ctr Detachment, Lima, Peru. Pan Amer Hlth Org, Washington, DC USA. Univ Texas, Med Branch, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. S Amer HIV Mol Surveillance Working Grp, Galveston, TX USA. RP Sanchez, JL (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, US Mil HIV Res Program, 1 Taft Court,Suite 250, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. EM jsanchez@hivresearch.org RI Bautista, Christian/B-2812-2011; OI Sanchez, Gloria Ines/0000-0001-5992-0475 NR 34 TC 58 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD SEP 1 PY 2005 VL 40 IS 1 BP 57 EP 64 DI 10.1097/01.qai.0000159667.72584.8b PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 959VF UT WOS:000231546700010 PM 16123683 ER PT J AU Ruzicka, GC Strawn, RC Meadowcroft, ET AF Ruzicka, GC Strawn, RC Meadowcroft, ET TI Discrete-blade, Navier-Stokes computational fluid dynamics analysis of ducted-fan flow SO JOURNAL OF AIRCRAFT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT AIAA 42nd Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit CY JAN 05-08, 2004 CL Reno, NV SP Amer Inst Aeronaut & Astronaut AB The application of overset grid methods to studying the flowfield of the FANTAIL (TM) antitorque system of the RAH-66 rotorcraft is described. The FANTAIL itself and the experimental program used to design it are described first. Then, OVERFLOW-D, an overset grid-based, Navier-Stokes computational fluid dynamics code is reviewed, and its adaptation to the ducted fan geometry of the FANTAIL is explained. The modeling of the FANTAIL using OVERFLOW-D, including grids and boundary conditions, is explained in detail. The results of numerical studies of the hovering FANTAIL are presented and are shown to compare well with experiment. Flowfield visualizations are presented and are used to explain how the blade tip vortices combine with the adverse pressure gradient beneath the rotor disk to impact flow along the duct wall beneath the disk. C1 Boeing Co, Boeing US Arm Program & Mil Rotorcraft, Ridley Pk, PA 19142 USA. USA, NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Rotorcraft Div,Aeroflight Dynam Directorate, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RP Ruzicka, GC (reprint author), USA, NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Rotorcraft Div,Aeroflight Dynam Directorate, Mail Stop N258-1, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. NR 12 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0021-8669 J9 J AIRCRAFT JI J. Aircr. PD SEP-OCT PY 2005 VL 42 IS 5 BP 1109 EP 1117 DI 10.2514/1.8731 PG 9 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 972KG UT WOS:000232452100003 ER PT J AU Yeo, H Johnson, W AF Yeo, H Johnson, W TI Assessment of comprehensive analysis calculation of airloads on helicopter rotors SO JOURNAL OF AIRCRAFT LA English DT Article AB Blade section normal force and pitching moment were investigated for six rotors operating at transition and high speeds: H-34 in flight and wind tunnel, SA 330 (research Puma), SA 349/2, UH-60A full-scale, and BO-105 model (Higher-Harmonic Acoustics Rotor Test 1). The measured data from flight and wind-tunnel tests were compared with calculations obtained using the comprehensive analysis CANIRAD II. The calculations were made using two free-wake models: rolled up and multiple trailer with consolidation models. At transition speed, there is fair to good agreement for the blade section normal force between the test data and analysis for the H-34, research Puma, and SA 349/2 with the rolled-up wake. The calculated airloads differ significantly from the measurements for the UH-60A and BO-105. Better correlation is obtained for the UH-60A and BO-105 by using the multiple trailer with consolidation wake model. In the high-speed condition, the analysis shows generally good agreement with the research Puma flight data in both magnitude and phase. However, poor agreement is obtained for the other rotors examined. The analysis shows that the aerodynamic tip design (chord length and quarter-chord location) of the, research Puma has an important influence on the phase correlation. C1 USA, NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Rotocraft Div,Aeroflightdynam Directorate, Milpitas, CA 95035 USA. RP Yeo, H (reprint author), USA, NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Rotocraft Div,Aeroflightdynam Directorate, MS 243-12, Milpitas, CA 95035 USA. NR 11 TC 26 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0021-8669 J9 J AIRCRAFT JI J. Aircr. PD SEP-OCT PY 2005 VL 42 IS 5 BP 1218 EP 1228 DI 10.2514/1.11595 PG 11 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 972KG UT WOS:000232452100014 ER PT J AU Herrera-Barros, EC Sundaram, PA Fountzoulas, C AF Herrera-Barros, EC Sundaram, PA Fountzoulas, C TI Process and properties of hydride formed on gamma titanium aluminide during cathodic charging SO JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS LA English DT Article DE cathodic charging; gamma titanium alummide; hydride; spectrometry ID ELASTIC-MODULUS; HYDROGEN; TEMPERATURE AB A cathodic charging procedure was used to study the process of the formation of the hydride layer on gamma titanium alummides. This electrolytic process was carried out at constant current densities of 1 and 2 A/m(2) for 24 h of charging in a IN sulfuric acid solution. The hydride layer formed as a result of the charging process was observed using scanning electron microscopy. Nanohardness and microhardness of this hydride layer were also measured. Results show that the hydride forms initially as isolated islands and becomes continuous with increased charging time. The hydride layer is quite brittle and its degree of porosity increases from the metal surface outward. The thickness of the hydride layer also increases with charging current density. This is confirmed by the hardness measurements. EDS signals show the presence of the constitutive elements of gamma titanium aluminide in the hydride. ICPS analysis of the electrolyte indicates increasing metal content with increasing time of exposure probably as a result of the brittle hydride flaking off and falling into the electrolyte during the charging process. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Engn Mech, Mayaguez, PR 00680 USA. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen, MD USA. RP Sundaram, PA (reprint author), Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Engn Mech, POB 9045, Mayaguez, PR 00680 USA. EM psundaram@me.uprin.edu NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-8388 J9 J ALLOY COMPD JI J. Alloy. Compd. PD SEP 1 PY 2005 VL 400 IS 1-2 BP 125 EP 130 DI 10.1016/j.jallcom.2005.03.046 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 963HQ UT WOS:000231795300023 ER PT J AU Chernetsova, ES Revelskii, AI Durst, D Revelskii, IA AF Chernetsova, ES Revelskii, AI Durst, D Revelskii, IA TI Determination of the elemental composition of hydrocarbon mixtures by gas chromatography with atomic emission detection: Increasing the accuracy SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article AB In this work, the accuracy of the ratio of the numbers of carbon and hydrogen atoms (n(C)/n(H)) determined in the molecules of the components of aliphatic hydrocarbon mixtures by gas chromatography with atomic emission detection (GC-AED) is studied as a function of the oxygen concentration in helium. It is shown that the highest accuracy is achieved at about 9% of oxygen, which is the highest oxygen concentration possible for the Agilent model G2350A GC-AED device. At the standard oxygen concentration (about 1.5%) recommended by the manufacturer, the accuracy of the n(C)/n(H) ratios was five to ten times lower. It is shown that improving the accuracy of the n(C)/n(H) ratios at the maximum oxygen concentration in plasma is followed by an increase in the detection limit approximately by an order of magnitude. C1 Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Dept Chem, Moscow 119992, Russia. USA, Edgewood Labs, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Chernetsova, ES (reprint author), Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Dept Chem, Moscow 119992, Russia. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA PI NEW YORK PA C/O KLUWER ACADEMIC-PLENUM PUBLISHERS, 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1578 USA SN 1061-9348 J9 J ANAL CHEM+ JI J. Anal. Chem. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 60 IS 9 BP 855 EP 859 DI 10.1007/s10809-005-0195-6 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 967XN UT WOS:000232124600013 ER PT J AU Newsom, RK Ligon, D Calhoun, R Heap, R Cregan, E Princevac, M AF Newsom, RK Ligon, D Calhoun, R Heap, R Cregan, E Princevac, M TI Retrieval of microscale wind and temperature fields from single- and dual-Doppler lidar data SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article ID ATMOSPHERIC BOUNDARY-LAYER; MICROPHYSICAL RETRIEVAL; FLOW STRUCTURES; ADJOINT MODEL; CLOUD MODEL; PART II; RADAR; SENSITIVITY; PERFORMANCE; VALIDATION AB Dual-Doppler lidar observations are used to assess the accuracy of single-Doppler retrievals of microscale wind and temperature fields in a shear-driven convective boundary layer. The retrieval algorithm, which is based on four-dimensional variational data assimilation, is applied by using dual- and single-Doppler lidar data that are acquired during the Joint Urban 2003 field experiment. The velocity field that was retrieved using single-Doppler data is compared directly with radial velocities that were measured by a second noncollocated lidar. Dual-Doppler retrievals are also performed and then compared with the single-Doppler retrieval. The linear correlation coefficient and rms deviation between the single-Doppler retrieval and the observations from the second lidar are found to be 0.94 and 1.2 m s(-1), respectively. The high correlation is mainly the result of good agreement in the mean vertical structure as observed by the two lidars. Comparisons between the single- and dual-Doppler retrieval indicate that the single-Doppler retrieval underestimates the magnitude of fluctuations in the crossbeam direction. Vertical profiles of horizontally averaged correlations between the single- and dual-Doppler retrievals also show a marginal correlation (0.4-0.8) between one of the horizontal velocity components. Again, this suggests that the retrieval algorithm has difficulty estimating the crossbeam component from single-Doppler data. C1 Colorado State Univ, Cooperat Inst Res Atmosphere, Ft Collins, CO USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. Arizona State Univ, Environm Fluid Dynam Program, Tempe, AZ USA. RP Newsom, RK (reprint author), Harris Corp, POB 37,MS W3-31G, Melbourne, FL 32902 USA. EM rnewsom@harris.com NR 24 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0894-8763 J9 J APPL METEOROL JI J. Appl. Meteorol. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 44 IS 9 BP 1324 EP 1345 DI 10.1175/JAM2280.1 PG 22 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 977BB UT WOS:000232776300004 ER PT J AU Pearce, FJ Waasdorp, C Hufnagel, H Burris, D DeFeo, J Soballe, P Drucker, WR AF Pearce, FJ Waasdorp, C Hufnagel, H Burris, D DeFeo, J Soballe, P Drucker, WR TI Subcutaneous PO2 as an index of the physiological limits for hemodilution in the rat SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE optode; oxygen delivery; oxygen consumption; hemodynamics; critical hematocrit; colloid ID ACUTE NORMOVOLEMIC HEMODILUTION; ACUTE ISOVOLEMIC HEMODILUTION; TISSUE OXYGEN-TENSION; BLOOD-FLOW; HYPERVOLEMIC HEMODILUTION; INTENTIONAL HEMODILUTION; POSTOPERATIVE-PATIENTS; CRITICAL-LEVEL; PERFUSION; DELIVERY AB This study was designed to test the hypothesis that changes in subcutaneous Po-2 (PSco2) during progressive hemodilution will reliably predict a "critical point" at which tissue O-2 consumption ((V) over dot o(2)) becomes dependent on O-2 delivery ((Q) over dot o(2)). Twelve pentobarbital-anesthetized male Sprague-Dawley rats (315-375 g) underwent stepwise exchange of plasma for blood,(1.5 ml of plasma for each 1 ml of blood lost). The initial exchange was equal to 25% of the estimated circulatory blood volume, and each subsequent exchange was equal to 10% of the estimated circulatory blood volume. After nine exchanges, the hematocrit (Hct) fell from 42 +/- 1 to 6 +/- 1%. Cardiac output and O-2 extraction rose significantly. Psc(o2) became significantly reduced (P < 0.05) after exchange of 45% of the blood volume (Hct = 16 +/- 1%). (V) over dot o(2) became delivery dependent when (Q) over dot o(2) fell below 21 ml center dot min(-1)center dot kg body wt(-1) (mean Hct = 13 +/- 1%). Eight control rats undergoing 1: 1 blood-blood exchange showed no change in Psc(o2), pH, HCO3-, or hemodynamics. Measurement of Psc(o2) may be a useful guide to monitor the adequacy of (Q) over dot o(2) during hemodilution. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Resuscitat Med, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Pearce, FJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Resuscitat Med, Rm 1A34,503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM frederick.pearce@na.amedd.army.mil NR 68 TC 4 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 99 IS 3 BP 814 EP 821 DI 10.1152/japplphysiol.00816.2003 PG 8 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 959RW UT WOS:000231538000005 PM 15890752 ER PT J AU Fulco, CS Kambis, KW Friedlander, AL Rock, PB Muza, SR Cymerman, A AF Fulco, CS Kambis, KW Friedlander, AL Rock, PB Muza, SR Cymerman, A TI Carbohydrate supplementation improves time-trial cycle performance during energy deficit at 4,300-m altitude SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE endurance performance; glucose; hypoxemia; prolonged exercise; ergogenic ID PROLONGED STRENUOUS EXERCISE; SUBMAXIMAL EXERCISE; SIMULATED ALTITUDE; GLUCOSE KINETICS; OXYGEN-TRANSPORT; MUSCLE GLYCOGEN; SEA-LEVEL; INGESTION; INFUSION; FATIGUE AB Carbohydrate supplementation (CHOS) typically improves prolonged time-trial (TT) performance at sea level (SL). This study determined whether CHOS also improves TT performance at high altitude (ALT; 4,300 M) despite increased hypoxemia and while in negative energy balance (similar to 1,250 kcal/day). Two groups of fasting, fitness-matched men performed a 720-kJ cycle TT at SL and while living at ALT on days 3 (ALT3) and 10 (ALT10). Eight men drank a 10% carbohydrate solution (0.175 g/kg body wt) and eight drank a placebo (PLA; double blind) at the start of and every 15 min of the TT. Blood glucose during each TT was higher (P < 0.05) for CHOS than for PLA. At SL, TT duration (similar to 59 min) and watts (similar to 218 or similar to 61% of peak watts; %SL Wpeak) were similar for both groups. At ALT, the TT was longer for both groups (P < 0.01) but was shorter for CHOS than for PLA on ALT3 (means +/- SE: 80 +/- 7 vs. 105 +/- 9 min; P < 0.01) and ALT10 (77 +/- 7 vs. 90 5 min; P < 0.01). At ALT, %SL Wpeak was reduced (P < 0.01) with the reduction on ALT3 being larger for PLA (to 33 +/- 3%) than for CHOS (to 43 +/- 2%; P < 0.05). On ALT3, 02 saturation fell similarly from 84 +/- 2% at rest to 73 +/- 1% during the TT for both groups (P < 0.05), and on ALT10 O-2 saturation fell more (P < 0.02) for CHOS (91 +/- 1 to 76 +/- 2%) than for PLA (90 +/- 1 to 81 +/- 1%). %SL Wpeak and 02 saturation were inversely related during the TT for both groups at ALT (r >= -0.76; P <= 0.03). It was concluded that, despite hypoxemia exacerbated by exercise, CHOS greatly improved TT performance at ALT in which there was a negative energy balance. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Coll William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA USA. Vet Affairs Palo Alto Hlth Care Syst, Palo Alto, CA USA. Oklahoma State Univ, Tulsa, OK USA. RP Fulco, CS (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM Charles.Fulco@US.Army.mil NR 38 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 2 U2 13 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 99 IS 3 BP 867 EP 876 DI 10.1152/japplphysiol.00019.2005 PG 10 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 959RW UT WOS:000231538000012 PM 15879171 ER PT J AU Sheridan, RE Deshpande, SS Adler, M AF Sheridan, RE Deshpande, SS Adler, M TI Cytotoxic actions of palytoxin on aortic smooth muscle cells in culture SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE palytoxin; cytotoxicity; A7r5; patch-clamp; lactate dehydrogenase ID CHANNELS; SEQUESTRATION; INJURY; CA2+ AB Palytoxin (PTX), isolated from a zoanthid of the genus Palythoa, is the most potent marine toxin known. Intoxication by PTX leads to vasoconstriction, hemorrhage, ataxia, muscle weakness, ventricular fibrillation, pulmonary hypertension, ischemia and death. In this study, clonal A7r5 rat aortic smooth muscle cells were used to study the mechanism of PTX-mediated cytotoxicity. A7r5 cells exposed to PTX for >= 15 min exhibited surface granularities, vacuoles and rounding. These alterations culminated in a loss of viability as indicated by marked increases in the release of lactate dehydrogenase. Electrophysiological recording from A7r5 cells disclosed a profound membrane depolarization and an increase in conductance to Na(+) and K(+). PTX-mediated cytotoxicity could not be reversed by washout or by the addition of 10 mu m verapamil but was antagonized by 100 mu m ouabain or by removal of extracellular Na(+) or Ca(2+). In light of the involvement of vascular smooth muscle in PTX poisoning, A7r5 cells could serve as a useful model to test specific drugs for treatment of PTX intoxication. Copyright (C) 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Div Pharmacol, Neurotoxicol Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Battelle Eastern Sci & Technol Ctr, Aberdeen, MD 21001 USA. RP Adler, M (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Div Pharmacol, Neurotoxicol Branch, 3100 Ricketts Point Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM michael.adler@amedd.army.mil NR 22 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0260-437X J9 J APPL TOXICOL JI J. Appl. Toxicol. PD SEP-OCT PY 2005 VL 25 IS 5 BP 365 EP 373 DI 10.1002/jat.1080 PG 9 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 967WV UT WOS:000232122800004 PM 16092085 ER PT J AU Meyer, SA Marchand, AJ Hight, JL Roberts, GH Escalon, LB Inouye, LS MacMillan, DK AF Meyer, SA Marchand, AJ Hight, JL Roberts, GH Escalon, LB Inouye, LS MacMillan, DK TI Up-and-down procedure (UDP) determinations of acute oral toxicity of nitroso degradation products of hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE N-nitroso toxicity; toxicity testing; neurotoxicity; anemia ID CYCLOTRIMETHYLENETRINITRAMINE RDX; MUNITIONS COMPOUNDS; BIODEGRADATION; INGESTION; SEIZURES; DETECT; RAT; C-4 AB Hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX), a widely used military explosive and soil and ground water contaminant of munitions manufacturing and artillery training sites, undergoes microbial nitroreductase metabolism to hexahydro-1-nitroso-3,5-dinitro-1,3,5-triazine (MNX), hexahydro-1,3-dinitroso-5-nitro-1,3,5-triazine (DNX), and hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitroso-1,3,5-triazine (TNX). Human occupational and accidental exposures to RDX, as well as acute oral exposures in rats, result in seizures, but little is known about the toxicity of the RDX degradation products. The main objective of the present study was to determine the oral LD50 of the most potent RDX N-nitroso product in female Sprague-Dawley rats using the recently validated up-and-down procedure (UDP). With only 26 rats, MNX was identified as the most potent metabolite and a maximum likelihood estimate of 187 mg kg(-1) (95% confidence interval 118-491 mg kg(-1)) for its LD50 was established and found equivalent to that of RDX determined with the same protocol. CNS toxicity, manifested as forelimb clonic seizures progressing to generalized clonic-tonic seizures, was the critical adverse effect. Further, confirmation of the UDP LD50 for MNX with a fixed-dose design enabled identification of 94 mg kg(-1) as the highest nonlethal dose. An ED50 of 57 mg kg(-1) was determined for neurotoxicity, while splenic hemosiderosis and decreased blood hematocrit and hemoglobin concentration occurred with a threshold at 94 mg kg(-1) in 14-day survivors. These studies, while providing new toxicity data necessary for the management of RDX-contaminated sites, illustrate the efficiency of the UDP for comparative acute toxicity determinations and its value in guiding further characterization of dose dependency of identified adverse effects. Copyright (C) 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 Univ Louisiana, Coll Hlth Sci, Dept Toxicol, Monroe, LA 71209 USA. Univ Louisiana, Dept Clin Lab Sci, Monroe, LA 71209 USA. Analyt Serv Inc, Huntsville, AL 35806 USA. USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, Environm Risk Assessment Branch, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, Environm Chem Branch, Omaha, NE 68102 USA. RP Meyer, SA (reprint author), Univ Louisiana, Coll Hlth Sci, Dept Toxicol, Monroe, LA 71209 USA. EM meyer@ulm.edu NR 29 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 5 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0260-437X J9 J APPL TOXICOL JI J. Appl. Toxicol. PD SEP-OCT PY 2005 VL 25 IS 5 BP 427 EP 434 DI 10.1002/jat.1090 PG 8 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 967WV UT WOS:000232122800010 PM 16092083 ER PT J AU Gupta, N AF Gupta, N TI Acousto-optic-tunable-filter-based spectropolarimetric imagers for medical diagnostic applications - instrument design point of view SO JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th Inter Workshop on Optical Imaging from Bench to Bedside CY SEP, 2004 CL NIH, Bethesda, MD HO NIH DE spectropolarimetric; acousto-optic tunable filter; hyperspectral; polarization; imager AB Compact optical imagers that can detect both spectral and polarization signatures are required in many biomedical applications. An acousto-optic-tunable-filter (AOTF)-based imager is ideally suited to provide both agile spectral and polarization signatures. Such an imager can be readily used for real-time in vivo medical diagnostic applications. We develop a family of small, robust, and programmable hyperspectral imagers operating from the ultraviolet (UV) to the long-wave IR (LWIR). Such imagers require minimal data processing because they can acquire images at only select wavelengths of interest. We use AOTFs made of KDP, TeO2, and TAS with Si-based CCD, InGaAs, InSb, and HgCdTe cameras to cover different spectral regions from the UV to the LWIR. Operation of each of these imagers and image acquisition is computer controlled. The most developed imager covers the visible to near-infrared (VNIR) region from 400 to 900 nm, with a 10-nm spectral resolution at 600 nm, it uses an electronically tunable TeO2 AOTF as a bandpass filter, and a nematic liquid crystal retarder to change polarization. We describe our concept in the development of these imagers and present new results obtained using the VNIR imager. (c) 2005 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Gupta, N (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM ngupta@arl.army.mil RI Gupta, Neelam/B-8702-2013 NR 12 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 3 U2 10 PU SPIE-INT SOCIETY OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 1083-3668 J9 J BIOMED OPT JI J. Biomed. Opt. PD SEP-OCT PY 2005 VL 10 IS 5 AR 051802 DI 10.1117/1.2102507 PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Optics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Optics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 989YY UT WOS:000233711300025 PM 16292960 ER PT J AU Kragh, JF Svoboda, SJ Wenke, JC Ward, JA Walters, TJ AF Kragh, JF Svoboda, SJ Wenke, JC Ward, JA Walters, TJ TI Suturing of lacerations of skeletal muscle SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND JOINT SURGERY-BRITISH VOLUME LA English DT Article ID TRAUMATIC CLOSED TRANSECTION; BICEPS-BRACHII; SURGICAL REPAIR; STRENGTH; RUPTURE AB Our aim was to compare the biomechanical properties of suturing methods to determine a better method for the repair of lacerated skeletal muscle. We tested Kessler stitches and the combination of Mason-Allen and perimeter stitches. Individual stitches were placed in the muscle belly of quadriceps femoris from a pig cadaver and were tensioned mechanically. The maximum loads and strains were measured and failure modes recorded. The mean load and strain for the Kessler stitches were significantly less than those for combination stitches. All five Kessler stitches tore out longitudinally from the muscle. All five combination stitches did not fail but successfully elongated. Our study has shown that the better method of repair for suturing muscle is the use of combination stitches. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Kragh, JF (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, MCHE DOR Room 129-5,Bldg 3600,3851 Roger Brooke D, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM john.kragh@amedd.army.mil NR 17 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU BRITISH EDITORIAL SOC BONE JOINT SURGERY PI LONDON PA 22 BUCKINGHAM STREET, LONDON WC2N 6ET, ENGLAND SN 0301-620X J9 J BONE JOINT SURG BR JI J. Bone Joint Surg.-Br. Vol. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 87B IS 9 BP 1303 EP 1305 DI 10.1302/0301-620X.87B9.15728 PG 3 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA 967CW UT WOS:000232070100029 PM 16129763 ER PT J AU Isome, HM Nindl, BC Evans, R Lester, M Catrambone, D Gotshalk, L Kraemer, WJ AF Isome, HM Nindl, BC Evans, R Lester, M Catrambone, D Gotshalk, L Kraemer, WJ TI Improved bone strength in women following a 24-week total body periodized resistance training program. SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 27th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Bone-and-Mineral-Research CY SEP 23-27, 2005 CL Nashville, TN SP Amer Soc Bone & Mineral Res C1 USA, Res Inst Environm Med, Mil Performance Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Univ Hawaii, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. Univ Connecticut, Storrs, CT USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC BONE & MINERAL RES PI WASHINGTON PA 2025 M ST, N W, STE 800, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-3309 USA SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 20 IS 9 SU 1 BP S348 EP S348 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 987FM UT WOS:000233503804209 ER PT J AU Kustin, K Ross, EW AF Kustin, K Ross, EW TI Reduction of iodine by phosphorus(I): Integration of the rate equation SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL EDUCATION LA English DT Article ID BELOUSOV-ZHABOTINSKII TYPE; HYPOPHOSPHOROUS ACID; KINETICS; MECHANISM; OXIDATION; SYSTEM C1 Brandeis Univ, Dept Chem, Waltham, MA 02454 USA. USA, Soldier Biol & Chem Command, Natick Soldier Ctr, Combat Feeding Innovat Sci Team, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Kustin, K (reprint author), Brandeis Univ, Dept Chem, Waltham, MA 02454 USA. EM kmkustin@ix.netcom.com NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-9584 J9 J CHEM EDUC JI J. Chem. Educ. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 82 IS 9 BP 1413 EP 1417 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Education, Scientific Disciplines SC Chemistry; Education & Educational Research GA 955NS UT WOS:000231233400040 ER PT J AU Atkinson, C Song, HB Lu, B Qiao, F Burns, TA Holers, VM Tsokos, GC Tomlinson, S AF Atkinson, C Song, HB Lu, B Qiao, F Burns, TA Holers, VM Tsokos, GC Tomlinson, S TI Targeted complement inhibition by C3d recognition ameliorates tissue injury without apparent increase in susceptibility to infection SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article ID ISCHEMIA-REPERFUSION INJURY; C5A RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; ISCHEMIA/REPERFUSION-INDUCED INJURY; MEMBRANE ATTACK COMPLEX; MESENTERIC ISCHEMIA/REPERFUSION; CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS; ORGAN INJURY; CRRY-IG; INTESTINAL ISCHEMIA/REPERFUSION; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS AB Previous studies indicate a pivotal role for complement in mediating both local and remote injury following ischemia and reperfusion of the intestine. Here, we report on the use of a mouse model of intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury to investigate the strategy of targeting complement inhibition to sites of complement activation by linking an iC3b/C3dg-binding fragment of mouse complement receptor 2 (CR2) to a mouse complement-inhibitory protein, Crry. We show that the novel CR2-Crry fusion protein targets sites of local and remote (lung) complement activation following intestinal ischemia and reperfusion injury and that CR2-Crry requires a 10-fold lower dose than its systemic counterpart, Crry-Ig, to provide equivalent protection from both local and remote injury. CR2-Crry has a significantly shorter serum half-life than Crry-Ig and, unlike Crry-Ig, had no significant effect on serum complement activity at minimum effective therapeutic doses. Furthermore, the minimum effective dose of Crry-Ig significantly enhanced susceptibility to infection in a mouse model of acute septic peritonitis, whereas the effect of CR2-Crry on susceptibility to infection was indistinguishable from that of PBS control. Thus, compared with systemic inhibition, CR2-mediated targeting of a complement inhibitor of activation improved bioavailability, significantly enhanced efficacy, and maintained host resistance to infection. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Childrens Res Inst, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Rheumatol, Dept Med, Denver, CO 80202 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Rheumatol, Dept Immunol, Denver, CO 80202 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Tomlinson, S (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Childrens Res Inst, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. EM tomlinss@musc.edu RI Song, Hongbin/C-1963-2013 FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI34451, R01 AI034451, R29 AI034451] NR 71 TC 104 Z9 109 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL INVESTIGATION INC PI ANN ARBOR PA 35 RESEARCH DR, STE 300, ANN ARBOR, MI 48103 USA SN 0021-9738 J9 J CLIN INVEST JI J. Clin. Invest. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 115 IS 9 BP 2444 EP 2453 DI 10.1172/JCI25208 PG 10 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA 962CL UT WOS:000231708500021 PM 16127466 ER PT J AU Abshire, TG Brown, JE Ezzell, JW AF Abshire, TG Brown, JE Ezzell, JW TI Production and validation of the use of gamma phage for identification of Bacillus anthracis SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BACTERIOPHAGE AB Gamma phage specifically lyses vegetative cells of Bacillus anthracis and serves as part of the basis for identification of isolates from agar cultures. We report our study to standardize gamma phage production and preparation and to validate the assay for routine use. Unstable phage preparations were largely reduced through propagation of phage on blood agar cultures of the avirulent B. anthracis strain CDC684 and were adequately stable for extended storage beyond 1 to 2 years at 4 degrees C, provided that the preparation initially gave rise to clearly discernible plaques (macroplaques, 5 to 10 mm in diameter) on dilution at 1:8 or greater during potency testing with the Sterne strain or its equivalent. The primary intent of the assay was to test nonhemolytic, ground-grass-appearing bacterial B. anthracis-like colonies arising from culture of clinical or nonclinical samples on 5% sheep blood agar. Specifically, the assay was designed to show clear or primarily clear circular zones of lysis on bacterial lawns at the site of gamma phage inoculation after incubation at 35 degrees C +/- 2 degrees C for 20 h. When tested with 51 B. anthracis strains and 49 similar non-B. anthracis Bacillus species, the analytical specificity was > 95%, a value that is intentionally low because our study design included two rare nonsusceptible B. anthracis strains as well as a rare susceptible non-B. anthracis strain, B. cereus ATCC 4342. Repeatability, day-to-day precision, and analyst-to-analyst precision were superior. The assay was rugged to variations among phage lots, phage concentration, amounts of bacterial inoculum, and incubation times as short as 6 to 8 h. System suitability evaluation showed improved robustness when bacterial lawns were tested with high-and low-density inoculum using the first and second quadrants of a serial four-quadrant streak on 5% sheep blood agar plates. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Diagnost Syst Div, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Off Regulatory Affairs, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Ezzell, JW (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Diagnost Syst Div, Ft Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. EM john.ezzell@amedd.army.mil NR 13 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 43 IS 9 BP 4780 EP 4788 DI 10.1128/JCM.43.9.4780-4788.2005 PG 9 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 966LD UT WOS:000232020400072 PM 16145141 ER PT J AU Tuthill, AM Stockstill, RL AF Tuthill, AM Stockstill, RL TI Field and laboratory validation of high-flow air bubbler mechanics SO JOURNAL OF COLD REGIONS ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID PLUMES; MODEL AB Recent physical model studies have refined designs for high-flow air diffusers for managing accumulations of broken ice at navigation projects. Although these solutions are successful in the model, implementing them in the field can be difficult because of uncertainties in airflow scaling. This study uses field and laboratory data to test theoretical relationships between airflow from the diffuser and the resulting near-surface water velocity. In the experiments, water velocities were measured adjacent to bubbler plumes for depths ranging from 0.52 to 6.5 m and airflow rates ranging from 0.015 to 0.68 standard cubic meters per minute/meter. The observed vertical and horizontal water velocity data compared moderately well to theoretical curves based on the equations of Kobus and Ashton. In addition, a reasonably linear relationship was found between the average velocity of the horizontal, near-surface flow field V and unit airflow from the diffuser Q(a). C1 USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Tuthill, AM (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM Andrew.M.Tuthill@erdc.usace.army.mil; Richard.L.Stockstill@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0887-381X J9 J COLD REG ENG JI J. Cold Reg. Eng. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 19 IS 3 BP 85 EP 99 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0887-381X(2005)19:3(85) PG 15 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA 957VV UT WOS:000231402300002 ER PT J AU Barlow, DA Vassiliou, V Krasser, S Owen, HL Grimminger, J Huth, HP Sokol, J AF Barlow, DA Vassiliou, V Krasser, S Owen, HL Grimminger, J Huth, HP Sokol, J TI Traffic engineering based on local states in Internet protocol-based radio access networks SO JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKS LA English DT Article DE differentiated services (DiffServ); multi-protocol label switching (MPLS); quality of service (QoS); radio access networks; traffic engineering AB The purpose of this research is to develop and evaluate a traffic engineering architecture that uses local state information. This architecture is applied to an Internet protocol radio access network (RAN) that uses multi-protocol label switching (MPLS) and differentiated services to support mobile hosts. We assume mobility support is provided by a protocol such as the hierarchical mobile Internet protocol. The traffic engineering architecture is router based-meaning that routers on the edges of the network make the decisions onto which paths to place admitted traffic. We propose an algorithm that supports the architecture and uses local network state in order to function. The goal of the architecture is to provide an inexpensive and fast method to reduce network congestion while increasing the quality of service (QoS) level when compared to traditional routing and traffic engineering techniques. We use a number of different mobility scenarios and a mix of different types of traffic to evaluate our architecture and algorithm. We use the network simulator ns-2 as the core of our simulation environment. Around this core we built a system of pre-simulation, during simulation, and post-processing software that enabled us to simulate our traffic engineering architecture with only very minimal changes to the core ns-2 software. Our simulation environment supports a number of different mobility scenarios and a mix of different types of traffic to evaluate our architecture and algorithm. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, West Point, NY 10996 USA. Univ Cyprus, Dept Comp Sci, Nicosia, Cyprus. Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. Siemens AG, D-8000 Munich, Germany. RP US Mil Acad, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM david.barlow@usma.edu; vasosv@ucy.ac.cy; sven@ece.gatech.edu; owen@ece.gatech.edu; jochen.grimminger@siemens.com; hans-peter.huth@siemens.com; joachim.sokol@siemens.com OI Vassiliou, Vasos/0000-0001-8647-0860 NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU KOREAN INST COMMUNICATIONS SCIENCES (K I C S) PI SEOUL PA HYUNDAI KIRIM OFFICETEL 1504-6 SEOCHODONG 1330-18, SEOCHOKU, SEOUL 137-070, SOUTH KOREA SN 1229-2370 EI 1976-5541 J9 J COMMUN NETW-S KOR JI J. Commun. Netw. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 7 IS 3 BP 377 EP 384 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Telecommunications GA 972KR UT WOS:000232453200015 ER PT J AU Molstad, JC Benson, JD Markunas, JK Varesi, JB Boyd, PR Dinan, JH AF Molstad, JC Benson, JD Markunas, JK Varesi, JB Boyd, PR Dinan, JH TI Threading dislocation removal from the near-surface region of epitaxial cadmium telluride on silicon by lithographic patterning of the substrate SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE infrared; focal plane; molecular beam epitaxy (MBE); cadmium telluride (CdTe); dislocation; heteroepitaxy ID GROWTH AREA; REDUCTION; MISFIT; ELIMINATION; QUALITY; LAYERS; GAAS; SI AB (211) oriented silicon substrates were patterned and etched to give mesas of various sizes and shapes. Cadmium telluride epitaxial layers were deposited on the patterned substrates by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). Dislocation termini in the epilayer were found to be concentrated in the trenches that formed the mesa boundaries. Mesa sizes up to 17 pm were found to be nearly free of threading dislocation termini. Threading dislocation termini are observed to congregate in lines parallel to the <321> crystallographic directions. Evidence of subsurface, horizontal dislocations running through the mesa is given. C1 USA, RDECOM CERDEC NVESD, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Molstad, JC (reprint author), USA, RDECOM CERDEC NVESD, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. EM jack.dinan@nvl.army.mil NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 34 IS 9 BP 1242 EP 1248 DI 10.1007/s11664-005-0269-0 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 962ND UT WOS:000231738600007 ER PT J AU Eddy, RS Joyce, AP Roberts, S Buxton, TB Liewebr, F AF Eddy, RS Joyce, AP Roberts, S Buxton, TB Liewebr, F TI An in vitro evaluation of the antibacterial efficacy of chlorine dioxide on E-faecalis in bovine incisors SO JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS LA English DT Article DE irrigants; chlorine dioxide; sodium hypochlorite; E. faecalis ID ROOT-CANAL DENTIN; SODIUM-HYPOCHLORITE; CALCIUM HYDROXIDE; ENTEROCOCCUS-FAECALIS; ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY; ENDODONTIC TREATMENT; PERIAPICAL TISSUES; FILLED TEETH; CHLORHEXIDINE; DISINFECTION AB This study investigated the ability of chlorine dioxide to eliminate Enterococcus faecalis from dentinal tubules of bovine incisors. Thirty-seven extracted bovine incisor roots were sectioned into seventy-four 5 mm disks. Standardized lumens were filled with either sterile Brain Heart Infusion Broth (contamination controls, n = 10) or BHI containing E. faecalis (1.0 X 10(8) cfu/ml). Disks were incubated in 5% CO2 at 37 degrees C for 72 h. To simulate endodontic instrumentation the lumens were again enlarged. Sixty disks were randomly divided into four experimental groups and filled with one of the following irrigants: 10% Cliclox-S (chlorine dioxide), 13.8% BioClenz (chlorine dioxide), 5.25% Clorox, or saline. The disks were incubated for 30 min and were then frozen, pulverized, serially diluted in phosphate buffered saline, and plated on BHI plates in triplicate. Total colony forming units were counted macroscopically. Statistical analysis of the data was performed with a Kruskal-Wallis one-way ANOVA on ranks (p < 0.05, n = 60). Bacterial counts, expressed in log,o cfu/disk were as follows (">" denotes significant differences): Saline > Cliclox-S = BioClenz > Clorox. All negative controls were sterile. Chlorine dioxide and NaOCL were both effective in eliminating E. faecalis from the dentinal disks within 30 min. C1 USA, DENTAC, Tingay Dent Clin, Endodont Residency Program, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. Dwight D Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Ft Gordon, GA USA. Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Med Coll Virginia, Endodont Residency, Richmond, VA 23298 USA. RP Joyce, AP (reprint author), USA, DENTAC, Tingay Dent Clin, Endodont Residency Program, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. EM Anthony.Joyce@se.amedd.army.mil NR 31 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0099-2399 J9 J ENDODONT JI J. Endod. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 31 IS 9 BP 672 EP 675 DI 10.1097/01.don.0000155223.87616.02 PG 4 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 960RP UT WOS:000231611200008 PM 16123704 ER PT J AU ElAyouti, A Achleithner, C Lost, C Weiger, R AF ElAyouti, A Achleithner, C Lost, C Weiger, R TI Homogeneity and adaptation of a new gutta-percha paste to root canal walls SO JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS LA English DT Article DE root canal filling materials; root canal obturation; materials testing; root canal preparation; root canal therapy; gutta-percha; dental cements; silicon; comparative study; evaluation studies; in vitro; ultrasonics; dental models; instrumentation; sodium hypochlorite ID IN-VITRO; TEETH; INFECTION; FILLINGS; LEAKAGE; DENTIN; RESIN; HAND; RATS AB A new flowable root canal filling material (GuttaFlow) was tested. Under simulated clinical conditions, the middle and coronal thirds of 90 human teeth with 169 root canals were shaped with 6% taper rotary HERO instruments and the apical third with rotary LightSpeed instruments. The root canals were divided into three similar groups and were filled with GuttaFlow (GF), conventional cold laterally condensed gutta-percha (LC), and warm vertically condensed gutta-percha (VC). Roots were sectioned at five levels, digitally photographed and traced. The percentage of voids area showed a statistically significant difference between GF and both LC and VC [GF 1.9% (95% Cl = 1.4-2.4), LC 4.4% (95% Cl = 2.2-6.6), VC 6.8% (95% Cl = 5.48.1)]. The frequency of voids was significantly different between all groups [GF 37% (95% Cl = 34%-40), LC 10% (95% Cl = 8-12), VC 22% (95% Cl = 19-24)]. In most sections, GuttaFlow completely filled the prepared root canal, but small voids were frequently present within the core of the filling material. C1 Univ Tubingen, Sch Dent Med, Dept Conservat Dent, D-72074 Tubingen, Germany. USA, Ft Lewis, WA USA. Univ Basel, Sch Dent Med, Dept Periodontol Endodontol & Cariol, Basel, Switzerland. RP ElAyouti, A (reprint author), ZMK Klin, Abt Poliklin & Zahnerhaltung, Osianderstr 2-8, D-72076 Tubingen, Germany. EM Ashraf.ElAyouti@med.uni-tuebingen.de NR 20 TC 34 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0099-2399 J9 J ENDODONT JI J. Endod. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 31 IS 9 BP 687 EP 690 DI 10.1097/01.don.0000157991.83577.e0 PG 4 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 960RP UT WOS:000231611200012 PM 16123708 ER PT J AU Munukutla, L McHenry, A Darveaux, R Tamizhmani, G AF Munukutla, Lakshmi McHenry, Albert Darveaux, Robert Tamizhmani, Govindasamy TI Graduate Education with Industry Relevance SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Graduate education has come to be viewed as a multi-faceted process to fulfill the ambitions of many groups seeking academic and professional careers from throughout the world. One facet of graduate education is to provide academic excellence and to develop concentrated research experience to enable the advancement of scientists and engineers. Another major facet is that graduate education contributes to the national goals of developing new technologies, new industries, and new energy sources. More generally it is expected to increase and sustain the economic wealth of the nation by preparing future leaders in technology, science, engineering, and other contributing fields. More than other disciplines, graduate education in Engineering Technology is heavily focused on the goal of educating for industry relevance. The graduate program in the Electronics and Computer Engineering Technology (ECET) department at ASU's Polytechnic campus emphasizes industry-relevant project experience to satisfy the degree requirements of all of its students. The program's graduates have proven to be very attractive to our industry partners. In addition, the program's active Industry Advisory Board (IAB) members provide curricular input on an ongoing basis. Faculty members seek input from IAB members prior to making major changes in course content. This paper presents two case studies to illustrate how the industry-relevant graduate education is delivered at the Arizona State University's Polytechnic campus. One case presents a project that deals with the lead-free solder technologies in semiconductor device packaging. The second case covers a project focused on the use of fuel cell technology as an alternate energy source to power a laptop computer without interruption for a longer time period. The efforts of both projects have been embraced by respective industry partners. The United States system of graduate education in science, engineering, and technology is arguably the most effective system yet devised for advanced training in the emerging technology fields. C1 [Munukutla, Lakshmi] Arizona State Univ, Elect & Comp Engn Technol Dept, Coll Technol & Appl Sci, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Tamizhmani, Govindasamy] USA, Washington, DC USA. RP Munukutla, L (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Elect & Comp Engn Technol Dept, Coll Technol & Appl Sci, Polytech Campus, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC ENGINEERING EDUCATION PI WASHINGTON PA 1818 N ST, N W, STE 600, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0747-9964 J9 J ENG TECHNOL JI J. Eng. Technol. PD FAL PY 2005 VL 22 IS 2 BP 34 EP 39 PG 6 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering GA V83IW UT WOS:000205633800005 ER PT J AU Ji, X Olinger, GG Aris, S Chen, Y Gewurz, H Spear, GT AF Ji, X Olinger, GG Aris, S Chen, Y Gewurz, H Spear, GT TI Mannose-binding lectin binds to Ebola and Marburg envelope glycoproteins, resulting in blocking of virus interaction with DC-SIGN and complement-mediated virus neutralization SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; ANTIBODY-DEPENDENT ENHANCEMENT; NATURAL-KILLER-CELLS; CYANOVIRIN-N BINDS; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; HUMAN-SERUM; CYNOMOLGUS MACAQUES; ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; PROTEIN FUNCTIONS AB Mannose-binding lectin (MBL), a serum lectin that mediates innate immune functions including activation of the lectin complement pathway, binds to carbohydrates expressed on some viral glycoproteins. In this study, the ability of MBL to bind to virus particles pseudotyped with Ebola and Marburg envelope glycoproteins was evaluated. Virus particles bearing either Ebola (Zaire strain) or Marburg (Musoke strain) envelope glycoproteins bound at significantly higher levels to immobilized MBL compared with virus particles pseudotyped with vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein or with no virus glycoprotein. As observed in previous studies, Ebola-pseudotyped virus bound to cells expressing the lectin DC-SIGN (dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule 3-grabbing non-integrin). However, pre-incubation of virus with MBL blocked DC-SIGN-mediated binding to cells, suggesting that the two lectins bind at the same or overlapping sites on the Ebola glycoprotein. Neutralization experiments showed that virus pseudotyped with Ebola or Marburg (Musoke) glycoprotein was neutralized by complement, while the Marburg (Ravn strain) glycoprotein-pseudotyped virus was less sensitive to neutralization. Neutralization was partially mediated through the lectin complement pathway, since a complement source deficient in MBL was significantly less effective at neutralizing viruses pseudotyped with filovirus glycoproteins; and addition of purified MBL to the MBL-deficient complement increased neutralization. These experiments demonstrated that MBL binds to filovirus envelope glycoproteins resulting in important biological effects and suggest that MBL can interact with filoviruses during infection in humans. C1 Rush St Lukes Med Ctr, Dept Immunol & Microbiol, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Spear, GT (reprint author), Rush St Lukes Med Ctr, Dept Immunol & Microbiol, 1653 W Congress Pkwy, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. EM gspear@rush.edu OI Olinger, Gene/0000-0001-7338-0292 FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01AI46963]; NICHD NIH HHS [P01HD40539] NR 66 TC 43 Z9 47 U1 1 U2 8 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 0022-1317 J9 J GEN VIROL JI J. Gen. Virol. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 86 BP 2535 EP 2542 DI 10.1099/vir.0.81199-0 PN 9 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA 958XS UT WOS:000231482100016 PM 16099912 ER PT J AU Urban, AL Wilhelms, SC Gulliver, JS AF Urban, AL Wilhelms, SC Gulliver, JS TI Decay of turbulence downstream of a stilling basin SO JOURNAL OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article AB Turbulence must be modeled accurately to simulate river processes, particularly transport of aqueous oxygen and nitrogen. Spillway operations affect downstream turbulence, but there has been little research on turbulence intensities downstream of stilling basins. For this study, laboratory measurements were taken on a three-dimensional, physical model of McNary Dam, Columbia River, United States to determine how the turbulence, initially generated by spillway flow, decreases with distance downstream. The experiments also examined how flow rate, tailwater depth, and the presence of spillway deflectors affect turbulence. A mathematical analysis was used to predict turbulent kinetic energy with distance, and good agreement was found between laboratory measurements and numerical predictions. Turbulence production generated by channel bed roughness was found to be small compared to turbulent energy dissipation, and the effect of flow separation related to bed irregularities on turbulence production was found to be negligible. C1 J2 Engn & Environm Design, Phoenix, AZ 85040 USA. Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Univ Minnesota, Dept Civil Engn, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Urban, AL (reprint author), J2 Engn & Environm Design, 4649 E Cotton Gin Loop,Suite B2, Phoenix, AZ 85040 USA. EM aliciaurban@yahoo.com; steven.c.wilhelms@erdc.usace.army.mil; gulli003@umn.edu NR 6 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 5 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9429 J9 J HYDRAUL ENG-ASCE JI J. Hydraul. Eng.-ASCE PD SEP PY 2005 VL 131 IS 9 BP 825 EP 829 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(2005)131:9(825) PG 5 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Mechanical; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 956QZ UT WOS:000231316200010 ER PT J AU Krishnan, S Kiang, JG Fisher, CU Nambiar, MP Nguyen, HT Kyttaris, VC Chowdhury, B Rus, V Tsokos, GC AF Krishnan, S Kiang, JG Fisher, CU Nambiar, MP Nguyen, HT Kyttaris, VC Chowdhury, B Rus, V Tsokos, GC TI Increased caspase-3 expression and activity contribute to reduced CD3 zeta expression in systemic lupus erythematosus T cells SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RECEPTOR ZETA-CHAIN; DOWN-REGULATION; TCR-ZETA; LIPID RAFTS; ACTIVATION; LYMPHOCYTES; APOPTOSIS; DYNAMICS; DISEASE; PHOSPHORYLATION AB T cells isolated from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) express low levels of CD3 xi-chain, a critical molecule involved in TCR-mediated signaling, but the involved mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study we examined caspase-3 as a candidate for cleaving CD3 xi in SLE T cells. We demonstrate that SLE T cells display increased expression and activity of caspase-3. Treatment of SLE T cells with the caspase-3 inhibitor Z-Asp-Glu-Val-Asp-FMK reduced proteolysis of CD3 xi and enhanced its expression. In addition, Z-Asp-Glu-Val-Asp-FMK treatment increased the association of CD3 xi with lipid rafts and simultaneously reversed the abnormal lipid raft preclustering, heightened TCR-induced calcium responses, and reduced the expression of FcR gamma-chain exclusively in SLE T cells. We conclude that caspase-3 inhibitors can normalize SLE T cell function by limiting the excessive digestion of CD3 xi-chain and suggest that such molecules can be considered in the treatment of this disease. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Biochem, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Pharmacol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Rheumatol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Washington Hosp Ctr, Rheumatol Sect, Washington, DC 20010 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Med, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RP Tsokos, GC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM gtsokos@usuhs.mil FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01AI42269] NR 36 TC 41 Z9 43 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD SEP 1 PY 2005 VL 175 IS 5 BP 3417 EP 3423 PG 7 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 966HL UT WOS:000232010600078 PM 16116236 ER PT J AU Nixon, CP Friedman, J Treanor, K Knopf, PM Duffy, PE Kurtis, JD AF Nixon, CP Friedman, J Treanor, K Knopf, PM Duffy, PE Kurtis, JD TI Antibodies to rhoptry-associated membrane antigen predict resistance to Plasmodium falciparum SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 51st Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 10-14, 2002 CL DENVER, CO SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg ID MEROZOITE SURFACE PROTEIN-3; DEHYDROEPIANDROSTERONE-SULFATE LEVELS; WESTERN KENYA; TERMINAL FRAGMENT; ACQUIRED-IMMUNITY; GAMMA-GLOBULIN; HUMAN MALARIA; PROTECTION; PURIFICATION; IMMUNIZATION AB Previously, we collected plasma from 143 male volunteers residing in an area of western Kenya where Plasmodium falciparum is holoendemic. Volunteers were cured of current malaria infection by use of drugs, blood was collected 2 weeks after treatment, and blood films were collected weekly for 18 weeks. We identified and pooled plasma from the 10 most resistant individuals ( RP) and the 7 most susceptible individuals (SP) and used these pools in a differential screen of a P. falciparum cDNA expression library. We screened 550,000 clones and identified 7 clones that were uniquely recognized by RP but not by SP. Two clones encoded a C-terminal region polypeptide from rhoptry-associated membrane antigen (RAMA-pr), a recently described RAMA. We measured anti-RAMA-pr antibody levels in plasma obtained 2 weeks after treatment. Individuals with detectable immunoglobulin G1 anti-RAMA-pr (n = 24) had fewer positive blood films (odds ratio, 1.7 [95% confidence interval, 1.21-2.44];), 43% lower density of parasitemia (P < .02), and prolonged time to reinfection (P < .0027), compared with individuals without detectable antibody levels (n = 115), after known determinants of resistance were accounted for. In summary, RAMA-pr is a rationally identified vaccine candidate that is preferentially recognized by antibodies produced by humans with a high level of naturally acquired resistance to P. falciparum infection. C1 Brown Univ, Int Hlth Inst, Providence, RI 02912 USA. Brown Univ, Dept Pediat, Providence, RI 02912 USA. Brown Univ, Dept Mol Microbiol & Immunol, Providence, RI 02912 USA. Brown Univ, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Providence, RI 02912 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. Seattle Biomed Res Inst, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. RP Kurtis, JD (reprint author), Brown Univ, Int Hlth Inst, Box G-B 497, Providence, RI 02912 USA. EM jonathan_kurtis@brown.edu OI Friedman, Jennifer/0000-0001-5804-9921 FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI052059, R03 AI054394-01] NR 39 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD SEP 1 PY 2005 VL 192 IS 5 BP 861 EP 869 DI 10.1086/432550 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 952QC UT WOS:000231019600018 PM 16088836 ER PT J AU Baker, J McCarthy, J Gatton, M Kyle, DE Belizario, V Luchavez, J Bell, D Cheng, Q AF Baker, J McCarthy, J Gatton, M Kyle, DE Belizario, V Luchavez, J Bell, D Cheng, Q TI Genetic diversity of Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein 2 (PfHRP2) and its effect on the performance of PfHRP2-based rapid diagnostic tests SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 53rd Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 07-11, 2004 CL Miami Beach, FL SP Amer Soc Trop Med Hygiene ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM MALARIA; HISTIDINE-RICH PROTEIN-2; EXPERT MICROSCOPY; IMMUNOCHROMATOGRAPHIC TEST; FIELD; ANTIGEN; PARASITES; ASSAYS; TRAVELERS; ACCURACY AB Rising costs of antimalarial agents are increasing the demand for accurate diagnosis of malaria. Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) offer great potential to improve the diagnosis of malaria, particularly in remote areas. Many RDTs are based on the detection of Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein (PfHRP) 2, but reports from field tests have questioned their sensitivity and reliability. We hypothesize that the variability in the results of PfHRP2-based RDTs is related to the variability in the target antigen. We tested this hypothesis by examining the genetic diversity of PfHRP2, which includes numerous amino acid repeats, in 75 P. falciparum lines and isolates originating from 19 countries and testing a subset of parasites by use of 2 PfHRP2-based RDTs. We observed extensive diversity in PfHRP2 sequences, both within and between countries. Logistic regression analysis indicated that 2 types of repeats were predictive of RDT detection sensitivity (87.5% accuracy), with predictions suggesting that only 84% of P. falciparum parasites in the Asia-Pacific region are likely to be detected at densities <= 250 parasites/mu L. Our data also indicated that PfHRP3 may play a role in the performance of PfHRP2-based RDTs. These findings provide an alternative explanation for the variable sensitivity in field tests of malaria RDTs that is not due to the quality of the RDTs. C1 Australian Army Malaria Inst, Dept Drug Resistance & Diagnost, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. Univ Queensland, Australian Ctr Int & Trop Hlth & Nutr, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Silver Spring, MD USA. Res Inst Trop Med, Alabong, Philippines. Univ Philippines, Natl Inst Hlth, Quezon City 1101, Philippines. WHO, Reg Off Western Pacific, Manila, Philippines. RP Cheng, Q (reprint author), Australian Army Malaria Inst, Dept Drug Resistance & Diagnost, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. EM qin.cheng@defence.gov.au RI McCarthy, James/C-1681-2009 NR 43 TC 105 Z9 110 U1 3 U2 4 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD SEP 1 PY 2005 VL 192 IS 5 BP 870 EP 877 DI 10.1086/432010 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 952QC UT WOS:000231019600019 PM 16088837 ER PT J AU Pizana, C Esquivel, EV Murr, LE Pina, CY Baquera, MT Anchondo, IA Magness, LS AF Pizana, C Esquivel, EV Murr, LE Pina, CY Baquera, MT Anchondo, IA Magness, LS TI The role of dynamic recrystallization in [001] single-crystal W and W-Ta alloy ballistic rod penetration into steel targets SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID HYPERVELOCITY IMPACT; PLASTIC-DEFORMATION; TUNGSTEN-TANTALUM; SHEAR BANDS; SIMULATIONS; TWINS; FLOW AB The microstructures of long rod [001] single-crystal penetrators of W grown by CVD and zone melt processing, and W-5% Ta grown by zone melt (ZM) processing, were examined before and after penetration into RHA steel targets, by optical metallography and transmission electron microscopy. The initial Vickers microhardness values for the CVD-W rods was 417 VHN in contrast to 485 VHN for the ZM-W and W-5% Ta rods as a consequence of an order of magnitude larger dislocation density. Both the CVD-W and ZM-W exhibited less dense head flow associated with adiabatic shear bands and dynamic recrystallization (DRX) than the ZM-W-5% Ta, but all penetrators exhibited erosion tube formation in the penetration channel. These tube and erosion debris particles exhibited dense, overlapping shear bands composed of DRX grains or areas with larger, equiaxed grains resulting from residual grain growth. These observations suggest that controlling the penetrator head flow by solute-induced DRX may control penetration. (c) 2005 Springer Science + Business Media, Inc. C1 Univ Texas, Dept Met & Mat Engn, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Murr, LE (reprint author), Univ Texas, Dept Met & Mat Engn, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. EM fekberg@utep.edu OI Murr, Lawrence/0000-0001-5942-8376 NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-2461 J9 J MATER SCI JI J. Mater. Sci. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 40 IS 18 BP 4849 EP 4857 DI 10.1007/s10853-005-2021-9 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 966YV UT WOS:000232059600019 ER PT J AU Turell, MJ O'Guinn, ML Jones, JW Sardelis, MR Dohm, DJ Watts, DM Fernandez, R Da Rosa, AT Guzman, H Tesh, R Rossi, CA Ludwig, GV Mangiafico, JA Kondig, J Wasieloski, LP Pecor, J Zyzak, M Schoeler, G Mores, CN Calampa, C Lee, JS Klein, TA AF Turell, MJ O'Guinn, ML Jones, JW Sardelis, MR Dohm, DJ Watts, DM Fernandez, R Da Rosa, AT Guzman, H Tesh, R Rossi, CA Ludwig, GV Mangiafico, JA Kondig, J Wasieloski, LP Pecor, J Zyzak, M Schoeler, G Mores, CN Calampa, C Lee, JS Klein, TA TI Isolation of viruses from mosquitoes (Diptera : Culicidae) collected in the amazon basin region of Peru SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE virus; isolation; mosquitoes; Peru ID VENEZUELAN-EQUINE-ENCEPHALITIS; SOUTH-AMERICA; IQUITOS; BRAZIL; STRAINS; DISEASE; FOREST AB As part of a comprehensive study on the ecology of arthropod-borne viruses in the Amazon Basin region of Peru, we assayed 539,694 mosquitoes captured in Loreto Department, Peru, for arboviruses. Mosquitoes were captured either by dry ice-baited miniature light traps or with aspirators while mosquitoes were landing on human collectors, identified to species, and later tested on Vero cells for virus. In total, 164 virus isolations were made and included members of the Alphavirus (eastern equine encephalomyelitis, Trocara, Una, Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis, and western equine encephalomyelitis viruses), Flavivirus (Ilheus and St. Louis encephalitis), and Orthobunyavirus (Caraparu, Itaqui, Mirim, Murutucu, and Wyeomyia viruses) genera. In addition, several viruses distinct from the above-mentioned genera were identified to the serogroup, level. Eastern equine encephalomyelitis virus was associated primarily with Culex pedroi Sirivanakarn & Belkin, whereas Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus was associated primarily with Culex gnomatos Sallum, Huchings & Ferreira. Most isolations of Ilheus virus were made from Psorophora ferox (Von Humboldt). Although species of the Culex subgenus Melanoconion accounted for only 45% of the mosquitoes collected, 85% of the virus isolations were made from this subgenus. Knowledge of the viruses that are being transmitted in the Amazon Basin region of Peru will enable the development of more effective diagnostic assays, more efficient and rapid diagnoses of clinical illnesses caused by these pathogens, risk analysis for military/civilian operations, and development of potential disease control measures. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Turell, MJ (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM michael.turell@det.amedd.army.mil FU NIAID NIH HHS [N01-AI30027] NR 29 TC 44 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 7 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 42 IS 5 BP 891 EP 898 DI 10.1603/0022-2585(2005)042[0891:IOVFMD]2.0.CO;2 PG 8 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 963ZX UT WOS:000231846500026 PM 16366001 ER PT J AU Charnsilpa, W Takhampunya, R Endy, TP Mammen, MP Libraty, DH Ubol, S AF Charnsilpa, W Takhampunya, R Endy, TP Mammen, MP Libraty, DH Ubol, S TI Nitric oxide radical suppresses replication of wild-type dengue 2 viruses in vitro SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE dengue virus; nitric oxide; virus replication ID INFECTION; DISEASE; CELLS; ACTIVATION; MICE; EXPRESSION; HEPATITIS; SYNTHASE; TARGETS; SYSTEM AB Nitric oxide is well accepted as one of the defenses for inhibiting viral dissemination. Macrophages and cells in the macrophage lineage are professional nitric oxide producers which subserve as target for dengue virus. The interaction between nitric oxide and dengue virus in such target cell is unknown. In this report, the impact of nitric oxide on infectious dengue virus serotype 2 production and RNA replication was investigated in vitro. Primary isolates of dengue virus serotype 2 from dengue patients were replicated in mouse neuroblastoma cells in the presence of an exogenous nitric oxide donor, s-nitroSO-N-acethyl-pennicillamine, SNAP, at the concentration of 50 or 75 or 100 pM. Nitric oxide inhibited viral replication in a dose and a multiplicity of infection dependent manner. Nitric oxide from 50 and 75 pM SNAP delayed and suppressed replication of dengue virus isolates while higher concentration of nitric oxide, 100 mu M SNAP, completely inhibited production of infectious particles up to 36 hr study. Twenty-four out of forty tested isolates, 60 %, were susceptible to 50 pM SNAP inhibitory effect. The mechanism of inhibition was investigated at the level of RNA synthesis and was found that RNA production was suppressed which correlated to production of the infectious particles. Down-regulation of the RNA synthesis resulted in reduction of protein synthesis which was detected by lower level of NS1 protein synthesis using immunoblotting. In conclusion, nitric oxide from exogenous nitric oxide donor down regulated replication of dengue virus serotype 2 isolates from dengue patients. The suppression was clearly shown at the level of viral RNA and protein synthesis resulting in reduction of viral progenies production. This phenomenon implies that nitric oxide may serve as a defense which diminishes viral load in patients. (c) 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Mahidol Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Microbiol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Virol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Ctr Infect Dis & Vaccine Res, Worcester, MA USA. RP Ubol, S (reprint author), Mahidol Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Microbiol, 272 RAMA 6 Rd, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. EM scsul@mahidol.ac.th NR 29 TC 28 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0146-6615 J9 J MED VIROL JI J. Med. Virol. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 77 IS 1 BP 89 EP 95 DI 10.1002/jmv.20418 PG 7 WC Virology SC Virology GA 950OM UT WOS:000230866800014 PM 16032750 ER PT J AU White, DC Geyer, R Cantu, J Jo, SC Peacock, AD Saxton, AM Mani, S Jett, M Moss, OR AF White, DC Geyer, R Cantu, J Jo, SC Peacock, AD Saxton, AM Mani, S Jett, M Moss, OR TI Feasibility of assessment of regulatory lipids in breath condensate as potential presymptomatic harbingers of pulmonary pathobiology SO JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Symposium on the Interface between Analytical Chemistry and Microbiology CY APR 19-21, 2004 CL Pacific NW Natl Lab, Washington, DC HO Pacific NW Natl Lab DE breath condensate; eicosanoids; non-invasive assessment; phosphatidylcholine; platelet activating ID MASS-SPECTROMETRY; OXIDATIVE STRESS; ASTHMA; PHOSPHOLIPIDS; 8-ISOPROSTANE; LEUKOTRIENES AB Regulatory lipids from the airway surface readily form aerosols that can be recovered non-invasively by cooling expired breath to form breath condensate (BC). Regulatory lipids have been detected previously utilizing enzyme-linked-immunosorbent serologic assay (ELISA). Here we test the feasibility of assessment of regulatory lipids in BC by mass spectrometry so presently unknown lipid regulatory components can be detected without addition of specific antibodies as in the ELISA procedure. Baseline regulatory lipids were detected in > pg/mL BC in control animals or human lung tissue culture cells. In nearly every case animals exposed to toxins or infectious bacteria showed increases in the BC regulatory components. Lipids were recovered from BC by solid phase extraction. Phosphatidylcholine (PC) based lipids were detected as the progenitor (parent) ions of isomers that fragmented in producing product positive ions at m/z 184 (of phosphocholine) in tandem MS using capillary HPLC and electrospray ionization. BC eicosanoids such as prostaglandins, thromboxane, and isoprostanes require capillary gas chromatography for separation and detection that necessitates methoximation, pentafluorobenzyl (PFB) ester formation, and trimethyl silylation of hydroxyls prior to gas chromatography/ion trap tandem mass spectrometry of negative ions after chemical ionization (NICI). Tetradeuterated internal standards were utilized for quantitation with the GC/NICI/MS. Changes in concentrations of lipids and eicosanoids were observed in piglets, and rats exposed to aerosolized 100 mu g/kg lipopolysaccharide (LPS), or 50 mu g/kg and 150 mu g/kg aerosolized Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) in BC as well as in human THP-1 cell culture cell supernatants and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples in rats. Responses of the molecular species of phosphatidylcholines (PCs), platelet activating factors (PAFs) and specific eicosanoids correlated to the toxin and bacterial infections suggesting that patterns of differential responses could be detected with further experimentation. Initial targets included prostaglandins (PGE(2), PGF(2 alpha)), thromboxane (TXB2), and prostacyclin (as 6-Keto PGF(1 alpha)) that show differential responses to inflammation, the leukotriene (LTB4) and PGD(2) for allergic responses, isoprostanes (8-iso-PGF(2 alpha)) for free radical oxidative stress responses, and HETEs for differential lipoxygenase activities. PAFs and lysoPAFs have been shown to increase with inflammation and in the feasibility experiments reported here. Preliminary studies show pulmonary responses of piglets to intrathecal exposure of toxicants (LPS and SEB) or infections with Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae induce increased levels of lipids and two eicosanoids with the suggestion that differential patterns might be detected with expanded testing. Preliminary experience indicates numerous other eicosanoids were available for assay in BC. This suggests an important potential application of BC to observe a wide array of factors to establish comprehensive profiles for physiological and pathophysiological states. Ultimately this technique could be used as a non-invasive possibly presymptomatic assessment of pulmonary pathobiology. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Tennessee, Ctr Biomarker Anal, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. UFZ Helmholtz Ctr Environm Res, Ctr Environm Res, Groundwater Microbiol Grp, D-06120 Halle An Der Saale, Germany. Univ Tennessee, Dept Anim Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. CIIT Ctr Hlth Res, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP White, DC (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Ctr Biomarker Anal, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM Dwhite1@utk.edu RI Geyer, Roland/F-8772-2015 OI Geyer, Roland/0000-0002-4551-3753 NR 14 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-7012 J9 J MICROBIOL METH JI J. Microbiol. Methods PD SEP PY 2005 VL 62 IS 3 SI SI BP 293 EP 302 DI 10.1016/j.mimet.2005.04.013 PG 10 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA 961CC UT WOS:000231638500005 PM 15963585 ER PT J AU Lipsky, RH Sparling, MB Ryan, LM Xu, K Salazar, AM Goldman, D Warden, DL AF Lipsky, RH Sparling, MB Ryan, LM Xu, K Salazar, AM Goldman, D Warden, DL TI Association of COMT Val1.58Met genotype with executive functioning following traumatic brain injury SO JOURNAL OF NEUROPSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES LA English DT Article ID CATECHOL-O-METHYLTRANSFERASE; PREFRONTAL FUNCTION; PHARMACOGENETICS; POLYMORPHISM; CORTEX; SCHIZOPHRENIA; PERFORMANCE; DISORDERS; GENE AB Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) is thought to functionally modulate dopamine neurons, thus likely influencing frontal-executive functioning. High enzyme activity (COMT Val) and low enzyme activity (COMT Met) are functional polymorphisms resulting from a G to A transition in exon 4 (codon 158) of the human COMT gene. Decreased cortical dopamine should result in poorer executive functioning. Therefore, the authors hypothesized that individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and the low enzyme activity polymorphism would perform better on tests Of executive functioning than individuals with the high enzyme activity polymorphism. One hundred thirteen individuals referred to the Defense and Veterans Brain Injury Center underwent a comprehensive TBI evaluation and were genotyped for the COMT polymorphism. Comparison of mean differences among the COMT genotype groups for several measures of aspects of executive functioning was conducted using analysis of variance (ANOVA) with adjustment for multiple comparisons. Homozygotes for the higher activity allele made more perseverative responses on the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, while homozygotes for the lower activity allele had the least number of perseverative responses. While it cannot be determined whether TBI influenced the association of COMT Val158Met to executive functioning, these data extend the known relationship of genotype to executive performance seen in healthy comparison subjects and individuals with schizophrenia to individuals with TBI. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Def & Vet Brain Injury Ctr, Dept Neurol, Washington, DC 20012 USA. NIAAA, Neurogenet Lab, NIH, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Def & Vet Brain Injury Ctr, Dept Neurosurg, Washington, DC 20012 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Warden, DL (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Def & Vet Brain Injury Ctr, Dept Neurol, POB 59181, Washington, DC 20012 USA. EM deborah.warden@na.amedd.army.mil RI Goldman, David/F-9772-2010; OI Goldman, David/0000-0002-1724-5405; Lipsky, Robert/0000-0001-7753-1473 NR 28 TC 47 Z9 50 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PUBLISHING, INC PI ARLINGTON PA 1000 WILSON BOULEVARD, STE 1825, ARLINGTON, VA 22209-3901 USA SN 0895-0172 J9 J NEUROPSYCH CLIN N JI J. Neuropsychiatr. Clin. Neurosci. PD FAL PY 2005 VL 17 IS 4 BP 465 EP 471 DI 10.1176/appi.neuropsych.17.4.465 PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 993PH UT WOS:000233966900004 PM 16387984 ER PT J AU Meyers, RE Deacon, KS AF Meyers, RE Deacon, KS TI Entangled and non-line-of-sight (NLOS) free-space photon quantum communication - [Invited] SO JOURNAL OF OPTICAL NETWORKING LA English DT Article ID KEY DISTRIBUTION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; TRANSMISSION; ENVIRONMENT; AEROSOL; REGION AB We present new quantum communication (QC) schemes suitable for free-space (wireless) QC implementation. In particular, we present several entangled QC schemes and propose non-line-of-sight (NLOS) free-space photon QC. It is shown that in the presence of atmospheric scattering media, UV photons can be used for NLOS QC. Non-Poisson quantum fluctuations in an invariance regime can propagate farther than coherent laser speckle. In such situations the non-Poissonian statistics survive over long distances and should be taggable with a polarization signature. Quantum noise observables scale markedly differently with scattering parameters compared to classical noise observables. Variation of the polarization should allow Yuen-Kumar QC using non-Poissonian statistics of the beam as an authentication of the signal. The NLOS communication in the UV would be expected to be possible to at least a range of 1 km and falls under the category of deliberately short-range QC. Applications of importance for this method include military stealth and optical communication in the presence of obstacles such as a forest or urban environment. (c) 2005 Optical Society of America. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 55 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1536-5379 J9 J OPT NETW JI J. Opt. Netw. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 4 IS 9 BP 573 EP 584 DI 10.1364/JON.4.000573 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Information Systems; Optics; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Optics; Telecommunications GA 001CU UT WOS:000234511800004 ER PT J AU Gliddon, MJ Vigneswaran, N Xia, JJ Marchena, JM AF Gliddon, MJ Vigneswaran, N Xia, JJ Marchena, JM TI Endoscope-guided biopsy of a mandibular cystic lesion SO JOURNAL OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY LA English DT Article ID ASSISTED REPAIR; SINUS SURGERY; FRACTURES C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Oral & Maxillofacial Surg, Houston, TX USA. USA, Dent Corp, Ft Still, OK USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Diagnost Sci, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Surg, Div Pediat Surg, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Ben Taub Gen Hosp, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Marchena, JM (reprint author), 6516 MD Anderson Blvd,Suite DBB 2059, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM Jose.M.Marchena@uth.tmc.edu NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0278-2391 J9 J ORAL MAXIL SURG JI J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 63 IS 9 BP 1371 EP 1374 DI 10.1016/j.joms.2005.05.163 PG 4 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 961CJ UT WOS:000231639200019 PM 16122604 ER PT J AU Shah, BK Neckers, DC Shi, JM Forsythe, EW Morton, D AF Shah, BK Neckers, DC Shi, JM Forsythe, EW Morton, D TI Photophysical properties of anthanthrene-based tunable blue emitters SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; EFFICIENT; ELECTROLUMINESCENCE; DERIVATIVES; COMPLEXES; POLYMER; MOIETY AB Anthanthrene (1) derivatives substituted at the 4,10 and 6,12 positions (2-6) were synthesized as promising candidates for organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs). The emission of these compounds can be manipulated in the blue region (lambda(max) = 437-467 nm) through structural modifications. Photophysical and electrochemical properties (phi(F) = 0.20-0.47; tau(F) = 2.97-6.06 ns; HOMO-LUMO energy gap = 2.25-2.56 eV) as well as geometry optimized structures of 1-6 are reported. C1 Bowling Green State Univ, Ctr Photochem Sci, Bowling Green, OH 43403 USA. USA, Res Lab, AMSRD, SE,EO, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Shah, BK (reprint author), Bowling Green State Univ, Ctr Photochem Sci, Bowling Green, OH 43403 USA. EM bipin@bgnet.bgsu.edu; neckers@photo.bgsu.edu; jshi@arl.army.mil NR 27 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD SEP 1 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 34 BP 7677 EP 7681 DI 10.1021/jp052337z PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 959DP UT WOS:000231497400004 PM 16834141 ER PT J AU Wesensten, NJ Killgore, WDS Balkin, TJ AF Wesensten, NJ Killgore, WDS Balkin, TJ TI Performance and alertness effects of caffeine, dextro amphetamine, and modafinil during sleep deprivation SO JOURNAL OF SLEEP RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE countermeasures; executive functions; sleep loss; stimulants; vigilance ID SUSTAINED MENTAL WORK; COGNITIVE PERFORMANCE; HEALTHY-VOLUNTEERS; DOUBLE-BLIND; PLACEBO; MOOD; PHENTERMINE; DEFICITS; TYROSINE; FATIGUE AB Stimulants may provide short-term performance and alertness enhancement during sleep loss. Caffeine 600 mg, D-amphetamine 20 mg, and modafinil 400 mg were compared during 85 h of total sleep deprivation to determine the extent to which the three agents restored performance on simple psychomotor tasks, objective alertness and tasks of executive functions. Forty-eight healthy young adults remained awake for 85 h. Performance and alertness tests were administered bi-hourly from 8:00 hours day 2 to 19:00 hours day 5. At 23:50 hours on day 4 (after 64 h awake), subjects ingested placebo, caffeine 600 mg, dextroamphetamine 20 mg, or modafinil 400 mg (n = 12 per group). Performance and alertness testing continued, and probe tasks of executive function were administered intermittently until the recovery sleep period (20:00 hours day 5 to 8:00 hours day 5). Bi-hourly postrecovery sleep testing occurred from 10:00 hours to 16:00 hours day 6. All three agents improved psychomotor vigilance speed and objectively measured alertness relative to placebo. Drugs did not affect recovery sleep, and postrecovery sleep performance for all drug groups was at presleep deprivation levels. Effects on executive function tasks were mixed, with improvement on some tasks with caffeine and modafinil, and apparent decrements with dextroamphetamine on others. At the doses tested, caffeine, dextroamphetamine, and modafinil are equally effective for approximately 2-4 h in restoring simple psychomotor performance and objective alertness. The duration of these benefits vary in accordance with the different elimination rates of the drugs. Whether caffeine, dextroamphetamine, and modafinil differentially restore executive functions during sleep deprivation remains unclear. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Behav Biol, Div Psychiat & Neurosci, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Wesensten, NJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Behav Biol, Div Psychiat & Neurosci, 503 Robert Grant Ave,Room 2A26, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM nancy.wesensten@us.army.mil NR 34 TC 127 Z9 129 U1 2 U2 24 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0962-1105 J9 J SLEEP RES JI J. Sleep Res. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 14 IS 3 BP 255 EP 266 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2869.2005.00468.x PG 12 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 964BN UT WOS:000231853800006 PM 16120100 ER PT J AU Weinacht, P Danberg, JE AF Weinacht, P Danberg, JE TI Prediction of the pitch-damping coefficients using Sacks's relations SO JOURNAL OF SPACECRAFT AND ROCKETS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT AIAA Atmospheric Flight Mechanics Conference CY AUG, 2003 CL AUSTIN, TX SP Amer Inst Aeronaut & Astronaut ID NAVIER-STOKES PREDICTIONS AB Throughout its development, slender-body theory has been generalized to predict a large variety of aerodynamic coefficients for a wide class of flight bodies. For most applications, slender-body theory provides only a qualitative predictive capability. There is, however, a set of slender-body relationships that have been previously derived by Sacks that allow the individual pitch-damping coefficients and the pitch-damping coefficient sums to he related to each other. Until recently, it has been difficult to assess the accuracy of these relationships because of the lack of high-quality pitch-damping data or the lack of a higher-order theory. The current work applies a recently developed computational fluid dynamics capability for predicting all three pitch-damping coefficients. From this analysis, the accuracy of these relationships has been assessed and their engineering significance demonstrated. One important result is that the pitch-damping relations developed by Sacks allow the individual. pitch-damping coefficients to be determined from the pitch-damping coefficient sum with a high degree of accuracy. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aerodynam Branch, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Weinacht, P (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aerodynam Branch, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0022-4650 J9 J SPACECRAFT ROCKETS JI J. Spacecr. Rockets PD SEP-OCT PY 2005 VL 42 IS 5 BP 865 EP 872 DI 10.2514/1.10718 PG 8 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 973LF UT WOS:000232523400013 ER PT J AU Wittstruck, RH Emanetoglu, NW Lu, Y Laffey, S Ballato, A AF Wittstruck, RH Emanetoglu, NW Lu, Y Laffey, S Ballato, A TI Properties of transducers and substrates for high frequency resonators and sensors SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID EPITAXIAL ZNO FILMS; CONSTANTS; DEVICES AB Properties of transducers and substrates for bulk acoustic wave resonators and sensors are described. These resonators utilize one-dimensional thickness vibrations of structures consisting of a low-loss substrate crystal surmounted by a thin active piezoelectric film that drives the composite in resonant modes to achieve gigahertz frequencies. The structures considered include Oblique orientation.,, of the substrate, leading to generation of coupled elastic modes in the composite, A modified Christoffel-Bechmann (CB) formalism is presented to calculate acoustic Wave Speeds and displacements in the piezoelectric film transducer and the substrate. The CB method also yields the piezoelectric coupling coefficients of arbitrarily oriented piezofilms, for electric fields impressed either along the thickness or laterally. The calculations apply generally to transducer and substrate crystals of any, symmetry class. The piezoelectric portion is then made specific for films of class 6 mm (wurtzite structure) with arbitrary orientation on the Substrate, and the substrate calculations are specified for class 3m materials, but apply also to any substrate with 3111 or 32 symmetry. Zinc oxide and sapphire are used in an example of the acoustic resonator structure. C1 USA, Commun Elect Command, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. Gen Tech Serv Corp, Wall, NJ 07719 USA. RP Ballato, A (reprint author), USA, Commun Elect Command, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. EM arthur.ballato@us.army.mil NR 24 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 118 IS 3 BP 1414 EP 1423 DI 10.1121/1.1985076 PN 1 PG 10 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 965PV UT WOS:000231963600020 ER PT J AU Osswald, SS Elston, DM Farley, MF Alberti, JG Cordero, SC Kalasinsky, VF AF Osswald, SS Elston, DM Farley, MF Alberti, JG Cordero, SC Kalasinsky, VF TI Self-treatment of a basal cell carcinoma with "black and yellow salve" SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MEDICINE AB Patients may seek "alternative" or "non-traditional" therapies for dermatologic problems, frequently in search of a miraculous cure. However, many of these medicaments contain unknown compounds with questionable benefit and a potential for significant harm. We describe a patient who developed a large ulceration on her nose after applying "black and yellow salves" obtained from Mexico in an attempt to self-treat a basal cell carcinoma. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. RP Osswald, SS (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 4 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 5 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 53 IS 3 BP 509 EP 511 DI 10.1016/j.jaad.2005.04.007 PG 3 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 957WY UT WOS:000231405200029 PM 16112364 ER PT J AU Howell, SM Bessinger, GT Altman, CE Belnap, CM AF Howell, SM Bessinger, GT Altman, CE Belnap, CM TI Rapid response of IgA pemphigus of the subcorneal pustular dermatosis subtype to treatment with adalimumab and mycophenolate mofetil SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID CHILDHOOD; FOLIACEUS; DEPOSITS C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Bessinger, GT (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, 1 Jarret White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. EM Glenn.bessinger@us.army.mil NR 16 TC 25 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 53 IS 3 BP 541 EP 543 DI 10.1016/j.jaad.2005.02.051 PG 3 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 957WY UT WOS:000231405200044 PM 16112379 ER PT J AU Oh, RC AF Oh, RC TI Fish oil versus cod liver oil: Is vitamin D a reason to go back to the future - Reply SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN BOARD OF FAMILY PRACTICE LA English DT Letter ID A INTAKE C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Family Med, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Oh, RC (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Family Med, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER BOARD FAMILY PRACTICE PI LEXINGTON PA 2228 YOUNG DR, LEXINGTON, KY 40505 USA SN 0893-8652 J9 J AM BOARD FAM PRACT JI J. Am. Board Fam. Pract. PD SEP-OCT PY 2005 VL 18 IS 5 BP 446 EP 446 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 962GL UT WOS:000231718900019 ER PT J AU Kauvar, DS Walters, TJ AF Kauvar, DS Walters, TJ TI Fluid resuscitation following hemorrhage influences acute tourniquet-induced skeletal muscle ischemia-reperfusion injury SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF SURGEONS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 91st Annual Clinical Congress of the American-College-of-Surgeons CY OCT 16-20, 2005 CL San Francisco, CA SP Amer Coll Surg C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1072-7515 J9 J AM COLL SURGEONS JI J. Am. Coll. Surg. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 201 IS 3 SU S BP S51 EP S51 DI 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2005.06.111 PG 1 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 962PX UT WOS:000231745800102 ER PT J AU Mittendorf, EA Storrer, C Shriver, C Ponniah, S Peoples, G AF Mittendorf, EA Storrer, C Shriver, C Ponniah, S Peoples, G TI Evaluation of the HER2/neu-derived peptide GP2 for use in a peptide-based breast cancer vaccine trial SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF SURGEONS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 91st Annual Clinical Congress of the American-College-of-Surgeons CY OCT 16-20, 2005 CL San Francisco, CA SP Amer Coll Surg C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1072-7515 J9 J AM COLL SURGEONS JI J. Am. Coll. Surg. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 201 IS 3 SU S BP S79 EP S79 DI 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2005.06.184 PG 1 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 962PX UT WOS:000231745800174 ER PT J AU Debboun, M Green, TJ Rueda, LM Hall, RD AF Debboun, M Green, TJ Rueda, LM Hall, RD TI Relative abundance of tree hole-breeding mosquitoes in Boone County, Missouri, USA, with emphasis on the vector potential of Aedes triseriatus for canine heartworm, Dirofilaria immitis (Spirurida : Filariidae) SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE Aedes triseriatus; Dirofilaria immitis; tree hole mosquito; container-breeding mosquito; vector potential; invasive species ID HUMAN PULMONARY DIROFILARIASIS; DIPETALONEMA-RECONDITUM; CULICIDAE; DIPTERA; CLASSIFICATION; AEDINI; DOGS AB Aedes (Protomacleaya) triseriatus currently shares its habitat in the USA with the introduced species Aedes (Finlaya) japonicus and Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus. In the late 1980s, before the introduction of these 2 species, Ae. triseriatus was the dominant tree hole- and artificial container-breeding mosquito in central Missouri. Aedes triseriatus represented 89% of the mosquito immatures collected from water-filled tree holes and artificial containers at 3 forested field sites in central Missouri, from May to October, 1986 to 1988. Laboratory-reared female Ae. triseriatus were able to support larval development of Dirofilaria immitis (canine heartworm) to the infective 3rd larval stage. A blood meal from a microfilaremic Collie-mix dog was sufficient to infect adult female mosquitoes, indicating that Ae. triseriatus is a possible vector of canine heartworm in central Missouri. Confirmation of the vector status of this species depends on the yet-to-be observed transmission of D. immitis by Ae. triseriatus in the field, possibly by experimental infection of dogs by wild-caught mosquitoes. De ning the role of this species in epizootic outbreaks could contribute toward accurate risk assessment as the abundance of Ae. triseriatus increases and decreases in response to the success of Ae. albopictus, Ae. japonicus, or other introduced container-breeding mosquitoes. C1 Univ Missouri, Dept Entomol, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. Univ Missouri, Dept Vet Microbiol, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Debboun, M (reprint author), Acad Hlth Sci, Med Zool Branch, 3151 Scott Rd,Ste 0408A, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 35 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOC PI EATONTOWN PA P O BOX 234, EATONTOWN, NJ 07724-0234 USA SN 8756-971X J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 21 IS 3 BP 274 EP 278 DI 10.2987/8756-971X(2005)21[274:RAOTHM]2.0.CO;2 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 965MW UT WOS:000231955600006 PM 16252517 ER PT J AU Chadee, DD Wilkerson, RC AF Chadee, DD Wilkerson, RC TI Anopheles triannulatus (Neiva and Pinto): A new Anopheles record from Trinidad, West Indies SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE Anopheles triannulatus; adults; immatures; Trinidad; new record ID NYSSORHYNCHUS; CULICIDAE; DIPTERA AB We report the first collection of Anopheles triannulatus from Trinidad, West Indies. Adults were captured using human bait while larvae and pupae were collected from a pond located in Valencia, north Trinidad. The associated species was An. oswaldoi. This new record increases the number of mosquito species belonging to the Genus Anopheles to 14 and the total species count from 162 to 163 in Trinidad, West Indies. C1 Univ W Indies, Dept Life Sci, St Augustine, Trinid & Tobago. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Chadee, DD (reprint author), Univ W Indies, Dept Life Sci, St Augustine, Trinid & Tobago. NR 9 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOC PI EATONTOWN PA P O BOX 234, EATONTOWN, NJ 07724-0234 USA SN 8756-971X J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 21 IS 3 BP 316 EP 317 DI 10.2987/8756-971X(2005)21[316:ATNAPA]2.0.CO;2 PG 2 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 965MW UT WOS:000231955600013 PM 16252524 ER PT J AU Watson, S AF Watson, S TI Winfield Scott and the profession of arms. SO JOURNAL OF THE EARLY REPUBLIC LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Watson, S (reprint author), US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC HISTORIANS EARLY AMERICAN REPUBLIC PI W LAFAYETTE PA PURDUE UNIV, 1358 UNIV HALL, W LAFAYETTE, IN 47907-1358 USA SN 0275-1275 J9 J EARLY REPUBL JI J. Early Repub. PD FAL PY 2005 VL 25 IS 3 BP 504 EP 507 DI 10.1353/jer.2005.0068 PG 4 WC History SC History GA 958FU UT WOS:000231430900015 ER PT J AU Champagne, VK Helfritch, D Leyman, P Ahl, SG Klotz, B AF Champagne, VK Helfritch, D Leyman, P Ahl, SG Klotz, B TI Interface material mixing formed by the deposition of copper on aluminum by means of the cold spray process SO JOURNAL OF THERMAL SPRAY TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE bond strength; coatings; cold spray AB The objective of this article is to present microstructural evidence of a bonding mechanism between copper, which has been deposited by the cold spray process, and an aluminum substrate. Deposition conditions are varied to determine their effects on the nature of the bond. Mechanical measurements, such as adhesion strength and hardness, as well as visual methods are used to characterize the process. A ballistic model is proposed to explain the process. C1 USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Champagne, VK (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM vchampag@arl.army.mil NR 9 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 1 U2 15 PU ASM INTERNATIONAL PI MATERIALS PARK PA SUBSCRIPTIONS SPECIALIST CUSTOMER SERVICE, MATERIALS PARK, OH 44073-0002 USA SN 1059-9630 J9 J THERM SPRAY TECHN JI J. Therm. Spray Technol. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 14 IS 3 BP 330 EP 334 DI 10.1361/105996305X59332 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Materials Science GA 962WP UT WOS:000231764300006 ER PT J AU Abularrage, CJ Sidawy, AN Aidinian, G Singh, N Weiswasser, JM Arora, S AF Abularrage, CJ Sidawy, AN Aidinian, G Singh, N Weiswasser, JM Arora, S TI Evaluation of the microcirculation in vascular disease SO JOURNAL OF VASCULAR SURGERY LA English DT Review ID ENDOTHELIUM-DEPENDENT VASODILATION; IMPAIRED MICROVASCULAR FUNCTION; CHRONIC VENOUS INSUFFICIENCY; ORTHOSTATIC PRESSURE CHANGES; OXYGEN-TENSION MEASUREMENTS; FOREARM RESISTANCE VESSELS; ARTERIAL OCCLUSIVE DISEASE; ESSENTIAL-HYPERTENSION; SKIN MICROCIRCULATION; BLOOD-FLOW AB Insufficient blood flow through end-resistance arteries leads to symptoms associated with peripheral vascular disease. This may be caused in part by poor macrocirculatory inflow or impaired microcirculatory function. Dysfunction of the microcirculation occurs in a similar fashion in multiple tissue beds long before the onset of atherosclerotic symptoms. Impaired microcirculatory vasodilatation has been shown to occur in certain disease states including peripheral vascular disease, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, chronic renal failure, abdominal aortic aneurysmal disease, and venous insufficiency, as well as in menopause, advanced age, and obesity. Microcirculatory structure and function can be evaluated with transcutaneous oxygen, pulp skin flow, iontophoresis, and capillaroscopy. We discuss the importance of the microcirculation, investigative methods for evaluating its function, and clinical applications and review the literature of the microcirculation in these different states. C1 Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Washington, DC USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Washington, DC USA. George Washington Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20052 USA. RP Arora, S (reprint author), 50 Irving St,NW, Washington, DC 20422 USA. EM subsurg@aol.com NR 64 TC 81 Z9 84 U1 0 U2 10 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0741-5214 J9 J VASC SURG JI J. Vasc. Surg. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 42 IS 3 BP 574 EP 581 DI 10.1016/j.jvs.2005.05.019 PG 8 WC Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 966SZ UT WOS:000232043300037 PM 16171612 ER PT J AU Lewbart, GA Kishimori, J Christian, LS AF Lewbart, GA Kishimori, J Christian, LS TI The North Carolina State University College of Veterinary Medicine Turtle Rescue Team: A model for a successful wild-reptile clinic SO JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICAL EDUCATION LA English DT Article AB The North Carolina State University College of Veterinary Medicine (NCSU-CVM) Turtle Rescue Team (TRT) is a veterinary student-run organization that treats native, sick and injured, wild chelonians. First-, second-, and third-year students are responsible for case management, consultation coordination, diagnostic testing within the hospital, and placing of recuperating animals with local wildlife rehabilitators. Several clinical research publications have resulted from the opportunity to work with these wild reptiles. Active student participants can also gain a course credit by attending eight hours of lecture/seminar related to reptile medicine. With regards to outcome assessment, 86% of survey respondents found the program to be valuable or extremely valuable to their veterinary medical education. The logistics of organizing, supporting, and running this service are discussed, and its value as a clinical learning tool is supported by the results of a survey. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Clin Sci, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. USA, Vet Corps, Fayetteville, NC 28301 USA. RP Lewbart, GA (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Clin Sci, 4700 Hillsborough St, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. EM greg_lewbart@nsu.edu NR 4 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 6 PU UNIV TORONTO PRESS INC PI TORONTO PA JOURNALS DIVISION, 5201 DUFFERIN ST, DOWNSVIEW, TORONTO, ON M3H 5T8, CANADA SN 0748-321X J9 J VET MED EDUC JI J. Vet. Med. Educ. PD FAL PY 2005 VL 32 IS 3 BP 377 EP 381 DI 10.3138/jvme.32.3.377 PG 5 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Veterinary Sciences SC Education & Educational Research; Veterinary Sciences GA 983SA UT WOS:000233251200021 PM 16261502 ER PT J AU Ramsey, MJ Nadol, JB Pilch, BZ McKenna, MJ AF Ramsey, MJ Nadol, JB Pilch, BZ McKenna, MJ TI Carcinoid tumor of the middle ear: Clinical features, recurrences, and metastases SO LARYNGOSCOPE LA English DT Article DE carcinoid tumor middle ear; metastasis ID ADENOMA; LIGHT AB Objective. Present four new cases of carcinoid tumor of the middle ear, two of which developed late recurrences and regional metastases. Review the literature to identify the clinical features, rate of recurrence, and incidence of metastasis of carcinoid tumor of the middle ear. Study Design: Retrospective chart review. Setting. Tertiary referral hospital. Patients: Eligibility criteria consist of a diagnosis of carcinoid tumor of middle ear. Intervention: Surgical excision of primary and metastatic disease. Main Outcome Measure. Clinical characteristics, rate of recurrence, and incidence of metastasis of carcinoid tumor of the middle ear. Results: Forty-six patients with carcinoid tumor of the middle ear are included in this report, 42 patients were identified from a review of the literature, and 4 new patients are presented. The most common presenting symptom was hearing loss. Surgical excision was the treatment with radical mastoidectomy being the most common procedure. Ten (22%) patients developed locally recurrent disease, and four (9%) developed regional metastases. Conclusions: Carcinoid tumor of the middle ear is an infrequent cause of a middle ear mass, with only 46 cases published. Despite previous assertions of benignancy, the findings of this study suggest that carcinoid tumor of the middle ear is indeed a potential low-grade malignancy with documented metastatic potential. Almost all middle ear adenomatous tumors ("adenoma" and "carcinoid") show evidence of neuroendocrine differentiation, and so at least some middle ear carcinoids ("adenomas") appear to represent well-differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas. Presentation and symptoms are consistent with a middle ear mass and rarely include carcinoid. syndrome. Surgical treatment is recommended and tailored to the extent of disease. Patients with carcinoid tumor of the middle ear require indefinite follow-up for possible recurrence or metastasis. C1 MA Eye & Ear Infirm, Dept Otolaryngol, Boston, MA 02114 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Otol & Laryngol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Div Otolaryngol, Honolulu, HI USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. MA Gen Hosp, Dept Pathol, Boston, MA USA. RP McKenna, MJ (reprint author), MA Eye & Ear Infirm, Dept Otolaryngol, 243 Charles St, Boston, MA 02114 USA. NR 32 TC 31 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3261 USA SN 0023-852X J9 LARYNGOSCOPE JI Laryngoscope PD SEP PY 2005 VL 115 IS 9 BP 1660 EP 1666 DI 10.1097/01.mlg.0000175069.13685.37 PG 7 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Otorhinolaryngology SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Otorhinolaryngology GA 966UH UT WOS:000232047100025 PM 16148713 ER PT J AU Molnar, J Thornton, BS Molnar, A Gaal, D Luo, LF Bergmann-Leitner, ES AF Molnar, J Thornton, BS Molnar, A Gaal, D Luo, LF Bergmann-Leitner, ES TI Thermodynamic aspects of cancer: Possible role of negative entropy in tumor growth, its relation to kinetic and genetic resistance SO LETTERS IN DRUG DESIGN & DISCOVERY LA English DT Article DE cancer cells; entropy; thermogenesis; tumor growth; drug resistance ID BREAST-CANCER; MULTIDRUG-RESISTANCE; CELLS; MELANOMA; CONSEQUENCES; MODULATION; MECHANISMS; ONCOGENES; ANTIGENS; SYSTEM AB Chemotherapy can result in partial or temporary remission, but often does not completely eradicate cancer. The treatment failures are, at least in part, due to tumor cell resistance to chemotherapeutics. One contributing factor for impaired responses to chemotherapy is that only proliferating cells are affected by the action of chemotherapeutic drugs (kinetic resistance of tumors). Another contributing factor is the genetic resistance mediated by genes encoding proteins such as ABC transporters. A basic understanding of changes associated with tumorigenesis is needed to design and deploy novel and effective strategies for treating cancers. This paper focuses on aspects of energy flow and entropy in tumorigenesis and changes in the interaction between cancer cells and the host. We propose that correlating those changes with the progression of tumors will assist in the design and deployment of novel and more efficacious strategies for chemotherapy and combined therapies. C1 Univ Szeged, Dept Med Microbiol & Immunol, Med Ctr, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary. Univ Sydney, Sch Phys, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. Natl Inst Oncol, Budapest, Hungary. Inner Mongolia Univ, Lab Theoret Phys & Biol, Hohhot, Peoples R China. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Molnar, J (reprint author), Univ Szeged, Dept Med Microbiol & Immunol, Med Ctr, Dom Ter 10, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary. EM molnarj@comser.szote.u-szeged.hu RI Bergmann-Leitner, Elke/B-3548-2011; molnar, joseph/D-4375-2013 OI Bergmann-Leitner, Elke/0000-0002-8571-8956; NR 58 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD PI SHARJAH PA EXECUTIVE STE Y26, PO BOX 7917, SAIF ZONE, 1200 BR SHARJAH, U ARAB EMIRATES SN 1570-1808 J9 LETT DRUG DES DISCOV JI Lett. Drug Des. Discov. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 2 IS 6 BP 429 EP 438 DI 10.2174/1570180054771473 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Medicinal SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 010DU UT WOS:000235167900001 ER PT J AU Cassimatis, DC Atwood, JE AF Cassimatis, DC Atwood, JE TI Apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with giant negative T waves SO MAYO CLINIC PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Cardiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Cassimatis, DC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Cardiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 3 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU MAYO CLINIC PROCEEDINGS PI ROCHESTER PA 660 SIEBENS BLDG MAYO CLINIC, ROCHESTER, MN 55905 USA SN 0025-6196 J9 MAYO CLIN PROC JI Mayo Clin. Proc. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 80 IS 9 BP 1245 EP 1245 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 959XL UT WOS:000231552700027 PM 16178511 ER PT J AU Krakauer, T AF Krakauer, T TI Chemotherapeutics targeting immune activation by staphylococcal superantigens SO MEDICAL SCIENCE MONITOR LA English DT Review DE staphylococcal superantigens; therapeutics; toxic shock ID TOXIC-SHOCK-SYNDROME; MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX; CLASS-II MOLECULES; TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; T-CELL-ACTIVATION; BLOOD MONONUCLEAR-CELLS; HUMAN PERIPHERAL-BLOOD; B-INDUCED TOXICITY; EXOTOXIN-INDUCED CYTOKINES; PROTEIN-KINASE-C AB Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) and related superantigenic toxins are potent activators of the immune system and cause a variety of diseases in humans, ranging from food poisoning to toxic shock. These toxins bind to both MHC class II molecules and specific V beta regions of T cell receptors (TCR), resulting in the activation of both monocytes/macrophages and T lymphocytes. The interactions of these toxins with host cells lead to excessive Production of proinflammatory cytokines and T cell proliferation, causing clinical symptoms that include fever, hypotension and shock. Different domains of SEB contributing to MHC class II or TCR interactions have been mapped and defined by mutagenesis, crystallography and other biochemical techniques. This review summarizes the in vitro and in vivo effects of staphylococcal superantigens, and the therapeutic agents to mitigate their toxic effects. Potential targets to prevent the toxic effects of bacterial superantigens include blocking the interaction of SEs with MHC or TCR, or other costimulatory molecules; inhibition of signal transduction pathways used by these superantigens; inhibition of cytokine and chemokine production; and inhibition of the downstream signaling pathways used by proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Early blockade of these targets proves to be useful in vitro and in vivo testing of therapeutics against SEB-induced toxic shock will also be reviewed. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Immunol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Krakauer, T (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Immunol, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM Teresa.Krakauer@det.amedd.army.mil NR 80 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT SCIENTIFIC LITERATURE, INC PI ALBERTSON PA 1125 WILLIS AVE, ALBERTSON, NY 11507 USA SN 1234-1010 J9 MED SCI MONITOR JI Med. Sci. Monitor PD SEP PY 2005 VL 11 IS 9 BP RA290 EP RA295 PG 6 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA 965CV UT WOS:000231928500021 PM 16127375 ER PT J AU Schimpf, PM AF Schimpf, PM TI Talk the talk; Now walk the walk: Giving an absolute privilege to communications between a victim and victim-advocate in the military SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Article ID SEXUAL ASSAULT; RAPE; PREVALENCE; SAMPLE; FORCE C1 USA, Judge Advocate Gen Legal Ctr & Sch, Charlottesville, VA USA. RP Schimpf, PM (reprint author), Environm Counsel, Off Counsel, Marine Corps Air Bases Western Area, Marine Corps Air Stn, Miramar, CA USA. NR 76 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD FAL PY 2005 VL 185 BP 149 EP 208 PG 60 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 994KZ UT WOS:000234032000003 ER PT J AU Albright, TS Gehrich, AP Buller, JL Davis, GD AF Albright, TS Gehrich, AP Buller, JL Davis, GD TI Acute dysuria among female soldiers SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID URINARY-TRACT INFECTION; WOMEN AB Objective: To assess behavior patterns among active duty female soldiers presenting to military care facilities for acute dysuria. Methods: A self-administered questionnaire was developed. One hundred twelve female soldiers presenting with acute dysuria and one hundred twenty-six presenting for other reasons were surveyed. Results: During regular duty hours, the dysuria group drank less than the control group (21% and 14%, respectively; p = 0.004). However, field duty appeared to compound this problem, with the dysuria group drinking considerably less than the control group (79% and 19%, respectively; p = 0.002). Both groups stated that they postponed urination during working hours. The dysuria group postponed urination more than did the control group during regular duty (75% and 53%, respectively; p = 0.006) and field duty (79% and 65%, respectively; p = 0.008). Conclusions: Female soldiers presenting with dysuria were more likely to report fluid restriction and to postpone voiding during duty, behaviors that were reported even more frequently during field duty. Fluid restriction and postponed urination may be significant factors in the development of acute dysuria among female soldiers. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet Gynecol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Albright, TS (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet Gynecol, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 170 IS 9 BP 735 EP 738 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019JQ UT WOS:000235831800003 PM 16261975 ER PT J AU Walters, TJ Mabry, RL AF Walters, TJ Mabry, RL TI Issues related to the use of tourniquets on the battlefield SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID COMBAT CASUALTY CARE; PNEUMATIC TOURNIQUET; INFLATION PRESSURES; SPECIAL OPERATIONS; LOCAL HYPOTHERMIA; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; ISCHEMIA; WARFARE; CUFFS; FLOW AB On the battlefield, a properly applied tourniquet can be an extremely effective means of controlling severe extremity wound hemorrhage. However, a great deal of confusion exists among soldiers, medics, and military medical officers on a number of tourniquet-related issues. What is an appropriate combat tourniquet? When is it appropriate to use a tourniquet? When and by whom should a tourniquet be removed? Under what conditions should a tourniquet not be released or removed? What are the most effective ways to increase limb salvage while using a tourniquet? These and other issues were addressed by a panel of experts at the 2003 Advanced Technology Applications for Combat Casualty Care Conference, August 21 and 23, 2003, St. Pete Beach, Florida. Here we review those issues and present a summary of the panel's recommendations. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Combat Casualty Care Res Program, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Special Forces Grp Airborne 1st, Ft Lewis, WA 98433 USA. RP Walters, TJ (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, Combat Casualty Care Res Program, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave,Bldg R, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 30 TC 51 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 3 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 170 IS 9 BP 770 EP 775 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019JQ UT WOS:000235831800010 PM 16261982 ER PT J AU Wenke, JC Walters, TJ Greydanus, DJ Pusateri, AE Convertino, VA AF Wenke, JC Walters, TJ Greydanus, DJ Pusateri, AE Convertino, VA TI Physiological evaluation of the US Army one-handed tourniquet SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID INFLATION PRESSURES; BLOOD-FLOW; BATTLEFIELD; CASUALTIES; WARFARE; CUFFS AB Objective: To provide a physiological assessment of the U.S. Army one-handed tourniquet (OHT). Methods: An OHT was self-applied by 26 subjects, to maximal tolerable tightness, to the proximal arm or thigh under different conditions and positions, and the presence of blood flow was assessed using Doppler ultrasonography or occlusion plethysmography. Results: Doppler sound was eliminated at the radial artery for all subjects with OHT application but was not stopped at the popliteal or dorsalis pedis artery for any subjects. The OHT reduced forearm blood flow by 79% but decreased leg blood flow by only similar to 50%, regardless of condition and position of application to the thigh. Conclusions: The OHT appears to effectively minimize blood flow in the arm but not in the lower extremities, and clinical assessment of blood flow disappearance by Doppler ultrasonography may underestimate the magnitude of actual blood flow to the limb. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Wenke, JC (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave,Bldg 3611, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 18 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 170 IS 9 BP 776 EP 781 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019JQ UT WOS:000235831800011 PM 16261983 ER PT J AU Zhao, Y Karypis, G AF Zhao, Y Karypis, G TI Data clustering in life sciences SO MOLECULAR BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review DE clustering algorithms; similarity between objects; microarray data; CLUTO ID HIDDEN MARKOV-MODELS; PROTEIN SEQUENCES; GENE-EXPRESSION; ALGORITHM; ALIGNMENT; FAMILIES; SIMILARITIES; PATTERNS; MATRICES; SEARCH AB Clustering has a wide range of applications in life sciences and over the years has been used in many areas ranging from the analysis of clinical information, phylogeny, genomics, and proteomics. The primary goal of this article is to provide an overview of the various issues involved in clustering large biological datasets, describe the merits and underlying assumptions of some of the commonly used clustering approaches, and provide insights on how to cluster datasets arising in various areas within life sciences. We also provide a brief introduction to CLUTO, a general purpose toolkit for clustering various datasets, with an emphasis on its applications to problems and analysis requirements within life sciences. C1 Univ Minnesota, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Univ Minnesota, Digital Technol Ctr, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Univ Minnesota, Army HPC Res Ctr, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Karypis, G (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. EM karypis@cs.umn.edu NR 80 TC 46 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 8 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 USA SN 1073-6085 J9 MOL BIOTECHNOL JI Mol. Biotechnol. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 31 IS 1 BP 55 EP 80 DI 10.1385/MB:31:1:055 PG 26 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 962GX UT WOS:000231720100006 PM 16118415 ER PT J AU Landau, ME Barner, KC Campbell, WW AF Landau, ME Barner, KC Campbell, WW TI Effect of body mass index on ulnar nerve conduction velocity, ulnar neuropathy at the elbow, and carpal tunnel syndrome SO MUSCLE & NERVE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 49th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Electrodiagnostic-Medicine CY OCT, 2002 CL TORONTO, CANADA SP American Assoc Electrodiagnostic Med DE body mass index; carpal tunnel syndrome; elbow; nerve conduction velocity; obesity; ulnar neuropathy ID MOTOR CONDUCTION; RISK-FACTORS AB Both high and low body mass index (BMI) have been reported as risk factors for ulnar neuropathy at the elbow (UNE), and a high BMI as a risk factor for carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). To determine whether the extremes of BMI are risk factors for UNE or CTS, and whether BMI affects calculation of median and ulnar motor nerve conduction velocity (NCV), we retrospectively analyzed the electrodiagnostic records of control patients, UNE patients, and CTS patients. The BMI was calculated for 50 patients with a sole diagnosis of UNE and compared to the BMI of 50 patients with CTS and 50 control subjects. The mean BMIs were 25.9 +/- 4.4, 30.1 +/- 5.5, and 28.3 +/- 5.6 for the UNE, CTS, and controls, respectively. By one-way analysis of variance, the difference in BMI between the UNE patients and the normal patients was significant (P < 0.01). In the control groups, increasing BMI directly correlated with increasing ulnar motor NCV across the elbow but not with forearm NCV. Across-elbow (AE) ulnar motor NCV may be falsely increased in patients with a high BMI, probably due to distance measurement factors. Not only do relatively slender individuals have comparatively slower AE ulnar NCVs, they are also at increased risk for developing UNE. Patients with a high BMI are at increased risk for CTS. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Neurol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Landau, ME (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, 6900 Georgia Ave, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM mark.landau@na.amedd.army.mil NR 11 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 3 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0148-639X J9 MUSCLE NERVE JI Muscle Nerve PD SEP PY 2005 VL 32 IS 3 BP 360 EP 363 DI 10.1002/mus.20345 PG 4 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 959OS UT WOS:000231528100013 PM 15880630 ER PT J AU Wabo, HK Tane, P Connolly, JD Okunji, CC Schuster, BM Iwu, MM AF Wabo, HK Tane, P Connolly, JD Okunji, CC Schuster, BM Iwu, MM TI Tabouensinium chloride, a novel quaternary pyranoquinoline alkaloid from Araliopsis tabouensis SO NATURAL PRODUCT RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Araliopsis tabouensis; Rutaceae; tabouensinium chloride; pyranoquinoline alkaloid AB A novel pyranoquinoline alkaloid 3,4-dihydro-3-hydroxy-5-methoxy-2,2,10-trimethylpyrano [2,3-b] quinoline named tabouensinium chloride ( 1), was isolated from the stem bark of Araliopsis tabouensis along with twelve known quinoline alkaloids. In addition, the known flindisol, lupeol and beta-sitosterol glucoside were also identified. Their structures were deduced from spectral data. C1 Univ Dschang, Fac Sci, Dept Chem, Dschang, Cameroon. Univ Glasgow, Dept Chem, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. Int Ctr Ethnomed & Drug Dev, Nsukka, Nigeria. Bioresources Dev & Conservat Programme, Silver Spring, MD 20902 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Tane, P (reprint author), Univ Dschang, Fac Sci, Dept Chem, Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon. EM ptane@yahoo.com FU FIC NIH HHS [TW03004] NR 10 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1478-6419 J9 NAT PROD RES JI Nat. Prod. Res. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 19 IS 6 BP 591 EP 595 DI 10.1080/14786410412331280078 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Medicinal SC Chemistry; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 941SE UT WOS:000230233700008 PM 16010825 ER PT J AU Whitley, RJ Hromadka, TV AF Whitley, RJ Hromadka, TV TI Approximating harmonic functions on R-n with one function of a single complex variable SO NUMERICAL METHODS FOR PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS LA English DT Article C1 Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Math, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Math Sci, West Point, NY 10096 USA. RP Whitley, RJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Math, 103 Multipurpose St & Tech Bldg, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. EM rwhitley@math.uci.edu NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0749-159X J9 NUMER METH PART D E JI Numer. Meth. Part Differ. Equ. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 21 IS 5 BP 905 EP 917 DI 10.1002/num.20067 PG 13 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA 953JG UT WOS:000231071800002 ER PT J AU Boatright, C McGlown, KJ AF Boatright, C McGlown, KJ TI Homeland security challenges in nursing practice SO NURSING CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article AB Nurses need a comprehensive knowledge of doctrine, laws, regulations, programs, and processes that build the operational framework for health care preparedness. Key components of this knowledge base reside in the areas of: evolution of homeland security: laws and mandates affecting health care and compliance and regulatory issues for health care organizations. This article addresses primary components in both of these areas, after first assessing the status of nursing's involvement (in homeland security), as portrayed in the professional literature. C1 Indiana Primary Hlth Care Assoc, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. US Army Reserve, Natl AMEDD Augmentat Detachment, Ft Mcpherson, GA 30330 USA. Univ Alabama, Birmingham, AL USA. RP Boatright, C (reprint author), Indiana Primary Hlth Care Assoc, 1006 E Washington St,Suite 200, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. EM cboatright@ori.net NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0029-6465 J9 NURS CLIN N AM JI Nurs. Clin. North Am. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 40 IS 3 BP 481 EP + DI 10.1016/j.cnur.2005.04.003 PG 18 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA 966AU UT WOS:000231992800007 PM 16111994 ER PT J AU Gupta, N Suhre, DR Gottlieb, M AF Gupta, N Suhre, DR Gottlieb, M TI Long-wave infrared spectral imager with an 8-cm(-1) passband acousto-optic tunable filter SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE acousto-optics; filtering; imaging; infrared; spectroscopy ID SPATIAL-RESOLUTION; SPECTROMETER; SPECTROPHOTOMETRY; PERFORMANCE; LASER AB A Tl3AsSe3 (TAS) acousto-optic tunable filter (AOTF) hyperspectral imaging system is designed and demonstrated that enables real-time imaging of ambient temperature scenes at wavelengths around 10 mu m. The predicted sensitivity improvement is a factor of 46 compared to previous TAS AOTF systems, and is accomplished by increasing the spectral passband, improving the AOTF diffraction efficiency, and using a higher sensitivity camera. Optical system designs are also developed and tested for reducing AOTF aberrations and producing pixel-limited resolution. (c) 2005 Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15219 USA. RP Gupta, N (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM dsuhre@andrew.cmu.edu RI Gupta, Neelam/B-8702-2013 NR 23 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 7 PU SPIE-INT SOCIETY OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 44 IS 9 AR 094601 DI 10.1117/1.2048755 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA 981NG UT WOS:000233094700023 ER PT J AU Crenshaw, ME AF Crenshaw, ME TI Field and energy relations in continuum electrodynamics SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB The bare, or fundamental, electric and magnetic fields in a linear medium are identified. Through the energy relations for the bare fields, the electric permittivity is shown to combine the effects of the enhanced energy density and the polarization reaction field. The macroscopic Maxwell equations are modified to be consistent with the constitutive relations for the bare fields. C1 USA, RDECOM, AMSRD, AMR,WS,ST, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Crenshaw, ME (reprint author), USA, RDECOM, AMSRD, AMR,WS,ST, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. EM michael.crenshaw@us.army.mil NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD SEP 1 PY 2005 VL 30 IS 17 BP 2305 EP 2307 DI 10.1364/OL.30.002305 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 958IC UT WOS:000231436900039 PM 16190452 ER PT J AU Rohrbaugh, DK Durst, HD Longo, FR Munavall, S AF Rohrbaugh, DK Durst, HD Longo, FR Munavall, S TI Unusual methylene insertion reactions SO PHOSPHORUS SULFUR AND SILICON AND THE RELATED ELEMENTS LA English DT Article DE diazomethane; double insertions; sulfenyl chlorides and -selenide 1.3-addition; unassisted low temperature dissociation and reactions ID CARBON-HYDROGEN BOND; TRIFLUOROMETHYLSULFENYL CHLORIDE; WOLFF REARRANGEMENT; ENOL ETHERS; TRIFLUOROMETHYLTHIOCOPPER; DIAZOMETHANE; REACTIVITY; HYDROCARBONS; CARBENES; HALIDES AB Spontaneous and unassisted methylene insertions into S-Cl and Se-S, C-S and C-H bonds as well as S-S and Se--S cleavages, double methylene insertions, and all 3-addition to diazomethane, which have been observed in the unaided low temperature reactions of diazomethane with sulfenyl halides and dithio-selenide without the need for the photo-generated carbene moiety. C1 Geocenters Inc, Gunpowder Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Munavall, S (reprint author), Geocenters Inc, Gunpowder Branch, POB 68, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 62 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1042-6507 J9 PHOSPHORUS SULFUR JI Phosphorus Sulfur Silicon Relat. Elem. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 180 IS 9 BP 2179 EP 2191 DI 10.1080/104265090917718 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 957GT UT WOS:000231359000024 ER PT J AU Centini, M Perina, J Sciscione, L Sibilia, C Scalora, M Bloemer, MJ Bertolotti, M AF Centini, M Perina, J Sciscione, L Sibilia, C Scalora, M Bloemer, MJ Bertolotti, M TI Entangled photon pair generation by spontaneous parametric down-conversion in finite-length one-dimensional photonic crystals SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID 2ND-HARMONIC GENERATION; INTERFERENCE; FIBER; PUMP; ENHANCEMENT; DISPERSION; PULSES; FILMS AB A description of spontaneous parametric down-conversion in finite-length one-dimensional nonlinear photonic crystals is developed using semiclassical and quantum approaches. It is shown that if a suitable averaging is added to the semiclassical model, its results are in very good agreement with the quantum approach. We propose two structures made with GaN/AlN that generate both degenerate and nondegenerate entangled photon pairs. Both structures are designed so as to achieve a high efficiency of the nonlinear process. C1 Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Energet, I-00161 Rome, Italy. Palacky Univ, Joint Lab Opt, Olomouc 77207, Czech Republic. Acad Sci Czech Republ, Inst Phys, Olomouc 77207, Czech Republic. USA, Charles M Bowden Res Ctr, AMSMI, RD,WS,ST RDECOM, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Centini, M (reprint author), Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Energet, Via Scarpa 16, I-00161 Rome, Italy. EM marco.centini@uniroma1.it RI Perina, Jan/G-5700-2014; OI CENTINI, MARCO/0000-0003-0625-0054 NR 32 TC 27 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD SEP PY 2005 VL 72 IS 3 AR 033806 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.72.033806 PG 11 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 969IR UT WOS:000232228300156 ER PT J AU Sandstrom, J Alvarez, I Calabrese, D Cisneros, C Covington, AM Davis, VT Gulley, MS Halka, M Hanstorp, D Schlachter, FS Thompson, JS Pegg, DJ AF Sandstrom, J Alvarez, I Calabrese, D Cisneros, C Covington, AM Davis, VT Gulley, MS Halka, M Hanstorp, D Schlachter, FS Thompson, JS Pegg, DJ TI Triple photodetachment from the Cl- ion SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID MULTIPLE IONIZATION AB We have measured the cross section for the detachment of three electrons from the Cl- ion following the absorption of a single photon. The triple-photodetachment cross section is compared to our earlier measurement of the cross section for double photodetachment from the same ion. Possible direct and indirect mechanisms responsible for multiple-electron detachment are discussed. The direct process of ejection of three valence electrons seems to be the most likely process. This conjecture needs theoretical verification. C1 Univ Gothenburg, Dept Phys, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden. Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Ciencias Fis, Cuernavaca 62131, Morelos, Mexico. Sierra Coll, Dept Phys, Rocklin, CA 95150 USA. Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA. US Mil Acad, Photon Res Ctr, West Point, NY 10996 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, LANSCE Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Embry Riddle Aeronaut Univ, Dept Phys, Prescott, AZ 86301 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Sandstrom, J (reprint author), Univ Gothenburg, Dept Phys, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden. OI Thompson, Jeffrey/0000-0001-9699-5767; Calabrese, Dominic/0000-0003-3933-0739 NR 6 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD SEP PY 2005 VL 72 IS 3 AR 034702 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.72.034702 PG 3 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 969IR UT WOS:000232228300190 ER PT J AU Bose, M AF Bose, M TI The political use of military force in US foreign policy SO POLITICAL SCIENCE QUARTERLY LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, West Point, NY USA. RP Bose, M (reprint author), US Mil Acad, West Point, NY USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACAD POLITICAL SCIENCE PI NEW YORK PA 475 RIVERSIDE DRIVE, SUITE 1274, NEW YORK, NY 10115-1274 USA SN 0032-3195 J9 POLIT SCI QUART JI Polit. Sci. Q. PD FAL PY 2005 VL 120 IS 3 BP 526 EP 527 PG 2 WC Political Science SC Government & Law GA 963BN UT WOS:000231777900021 ER PT J AU Murphey, MD Arcara, LK Fanburg-Smith, J AF Murphey, MD Arcara, LK Fanburg-Smith, J TI From the archives of the AFIP - Imaging of musculoskeletal liposarcoma with radiologic-pathologic correlation SO RADIOGRAPHICS LA English DT Article ID WELL-DIFFERENTIATED LIPOSARCOMA; ROUND-CELL LIPOSARCOMA; SOFT-TISSUE SARCOMAS; MALIGNANT FIBROUS HISTIOCYTOMA; DEDIFFERENTIATED LIPOSARCOMA; CLINICOPATHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS; RETROPERITONEAL LIPOSARCOMA; MYXOID LIPOSARCOMA; FOLLOW-UP; PLEOMORPHIC LIPOSARCOMA AB Liposarcoma is the second most common type of soft-tissue sarcoma, accounting for 10%-35% of these lesions. The World Health Organization has categorized soft-tissue liposarcomas into five distinct histologic subtypes: well differentiated, dedifferentiated, myxoid, pleomorphic, and mixed type. Well-differentiated liposarcomas frequently demonstrate a diagnostic appearance on computed tomographic (CT) or magnetic resonance (MR) images, with a largely lipomatous mass (> 75% of the lesion) and nonlipomatous components in thick septa or focal nodules. The CT or MR imaging finding of a nodular dominant focus (> 1 cm in size) of nonlipomatous tissue in a well-differentiated liposarcoma suggests dedifferentiated liposarcoma, and biopsy should be directed at the nonadipose component. The high water content of myxoid liposarcoma seen at pathologic analysis and constituting the majority of the lesion is reflected at sonography, CT, and MR imaging. However, the detection of a small amount of adipose tissue in the septa or as small nodular foci superimposed on the background of myxoid tissue allows prospective diagnosis in 78%-95% of myxoid liposarcomas. Pleomorphic liposarcomas are high-grade sarcomatous lesions and typically appear as heterogeneous soft-tissue masses, although small amounts of fat are seen on MR images in 62%-75% of cases, findings that suggest the diagnosis. Mixed-type liposarcomas have features representing a combination of the other subtypes. Primary liposarcoma of bone is exceedingly rare and usually demonstrates aggressive nonspecific features, although fat may be seen. Understanding and recognition of the spectrum of appearances of the various types of musculoskeletal liposarcoma, which reflect their underlying pathologic characteristics, improves radiologic assessment and is vital for optimal patient management. C1 Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Radiol Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Soft Tissue Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Baltimore, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Murphey, MD (reprint author), Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Radiol Pathol, 6825 16th St NW,Bldg 54,Rm M-133A, Washington, DC 20306 USA. EM murphey@afip.osd.mil NR 90 TC 93 Z9 104 U1 0 U2 0 PU RADIOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMERICA PI OAK BROOK PA 820 JORIE BLVD, OAK BROOK, IL 60523 USA SN 0271-5333 J9 RADIOGRAPHICS JI Radiographics PD SEP-OCT PY 2005 VL 25 IS 5 BP 1371 EP 1395 DI 10.1148/rg.255055106 PG 25 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 034SQ UT WOS:000236951300018 PM 16160117 ER PT J AU Krasnokutsky, MV AF Krasnokutsky, MV TI The button sequestrunt sign SO RADIOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Tripler, HI 96859 USA. RP Krasnokutsky, MV (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, MCHK DR,1 Jarrett White Rd, Tripler, HI 96859 USA. NR 10 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU RADIOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMERICA PI OAK BROOK PA 820 JORIE BLVD, OAK BROOK, IL 60523 USA SN 0033-8419 J9 RADIOLOGY JI Radiology PD SEP PY 2005 VL 236 IS 3 BP 1026 EP 1027 DI 10.1148/radiol.2363031294 PG 2 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 957ZR UT WOS:000231412600038 PM 16118175 ER PT J AU Philbin, N Rice, J Gurney, J McGwin, G Arnaud, F Dong, F Johnson, T Flournoy, WS Ahlers, S Pearce, LB McCarron, R Freilich, D AF Philbin, N Rice, J Gurney, J McGwin, G Arnaud, F Dong, F Johnson, T Flournoy, WS Ahlers, S Pearce, LB McCarron, R Freilich, D TI A hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier, bovine polymerized hemoglobin (HBOC-201) versus hetastarch (HEX) in a moderate severity hemorrhagic shock swine model with delayed evacuation SO RESUSCITATION LA English DT Article DE fluid therapy; hemorrhage; hypovolemia; resuscitation; shock; trauma ID BLOOD SUBSTITUTE; LIVER-INJURY; VOLUME RESUSCITATION; EMERGENCY PATIENTS; TRIAL; REPLACEMENT; SURVIVAL; SURGERY; TENSION AB Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of HBOC-201 for resuscitation of hemorrhagic shock in a swine model incorporating soft tissue injury and delayed evacuation. Methods: A muscle crush injury and 40% estimated blood volume controlled hemorrhage was completed in 24 Yucatan mini-pigs. Pigs were untreated or resuscitated with HBOC-201 or 6% hetastarch (HEX) at 20 min. Invasive hemodynamics and clinical variables were monitored for 4 h (pre-hospital phase) and subsequent fluid infusions were administered for severe hypotension or tachycardia. Animals were recovered from anesthesia and monitored non-invasively to 72 h (hospital phase). Results: 100% (8/8) of HBOC-201-, 88% (7/8) of HEX-, and 63% (5/8) of non-resuscitated pigs, survived to 72h (p=0.27). Mean arterial pressure, mean pulmonary arterial pressure and systemic vascular resistance index were higher in HBOC-201 pigs. By 90 min, cardiac index was restored to baseline in the HBOC-201 group and was 1.4-fold greater than baseline in the HEX group. HBOC-201 pigs had lower fluid requirements than HEX pigs (18.8 +/- 1.8 and 29.9 +/- 1.1 ml/kg, p < 0.001) in the pre-hospital phase and required fewer blood transfusions (1.3 +/- 11.3 and 9.4 +/- 0.6 ml/kg, respectively, p < 0.001) in the hospital phase. Urine output and blood creatinine were comparable in HBOC-201 and HEX pigs. Tissue oxygenation levels were highest in the HBOC-201 group. Conclusions: As HBOC-201 restored hemodynamics and tissue oxygenation and decreased fluid requirements, in comparison with HEX, HBOC-201 was at least as efficacious and possibly a superior resuscitative fluid in a military-relevant delayed evacuation hemorrhagic shock swine model. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. C1 USN, Med Res Ctr, Combat Casualty Care, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Alabama, Birmingham, AL USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. Biopure Corp, Cambridge, MA USA. RP Philbin, N (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr, Combat Casualty Care, 2N77 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM philbinn@nmrc.navy.mil NR 22 TC 23 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0300-9572 J9 RESUSCITATION JI Resuscitation PD SEP PY 2005 VL 66 IS 3 BP 367 EP 378 DI 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2005.03.019 PG 12 WC Critical Care Medicine; Emergency Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine; Emergency Medicine GA 969XP UT WOS:000232269500017 PM 16081200 ER PT J AU Yang, JZ Abdel-Malek, K AF Yang, JZ Abdel-Malek, K TI Singularities of manipulators with non-unilateral constraints SO ROBOTICA LA English DT Article DE non-unilateral; singularity; Jacobian row rank deficiency ID DEXTEROUS WORKSPACES; GENERATION AB An analytical method is presented to obtain all surfaces enveloping the workspace of a general n degree-of-freedom mechanism with non.-unilateral constraints. The method is applicable to kinematic chains that can be modeled using the Denavit-Hartenberg representation method for serial kinematic chains or its modification for closed-loop kinematic chains. The method developed is based upon analytical criteria for determining singular behavior of the mechanism. Singularities of manipulators with non-unilateral constraints have never been reported. The complete mathematical formulation is presented and illustrated using 4 & 5 DOF spatial manipulators. Four types of singularities are classified: Type I sets are position Jacobian singularities; Type 11 sets are instantaneous singularities that are due to a generalized joint are reaching its apex; Type III sets are domain boundary singularities, which are associated with the time initial and final values of the time interval; Type IV sets are coupled singularities, which are associated with a relative singular Jacobian, where the null space is reduced in one submatrix due to either of two occurrences: a Type 11 and Type III singularities. C1 Univ Iowa, USA, Virtual Soldier Res Program, Ctr Comp Aided Design, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. RP Yang, JZ (reprint author), Univ Iowa, USA, Virtual Soldier Res Program, Ctr Comp Aided Design, 111 Engn Res Facil, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. EM jyang@engineering.uiowa.edu RI Yang, Jingzhou/A-1178-2007; Yang, James/G-9801-2012 NR 30 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 USA SN 0263-5747 J9 ROBOTICA JI Robotica PD SEP-OCT PY 2005 VL 23 BP 543 EP 553 DI 10.1017/S0263574704001262 PN 5 PG 11 WC Robotics SC Robotics GA 970TA UT WOS:000232331300001 ER PT J AU Bonnet, MH Balkin, TJ Dinges, DF Roehrs, T Rogers, NL Wesensten, NJ AF Bonnet, MH Balkin, TJ Dinges, DF Roehrs, T Rogers, NL Wesensten, NJ TI The use of stimulants to modify performance during sleep loss: A review by the sleep deprivation and stimulant task force of the American academy of sleep medicine SO SLEEP LA English DT Review ID SLOW-RELEASE CAFFEINE; DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER; HELICOPTER PILOT PERFORMANCE; COUNTERACTING DRIVER SLEEPINESS; SUSTAINED MENTAL WORK; SIMPLE REACTION-TIME; NIGHT-SHIFT WORK; D-AMPHETAMINE; COGNITIVE PERFORMANCE; HEALTHY-VOLUNTEERS C1 Wright State Univ, Dayton Dept, Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dayton, OH 45428 USA. Kettering Med Ctr, Dayton, OH USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Behav Biol, Silver Spring, MD USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Div Sleep & Chronobiol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Wayne State Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Neurosci, Sleep Disorders & Res Ctr,Henry Ford Hlth Syst, Detroit, MI USA. Univ Sydney, Woolcock Inst Med Res, Sleep & Circadian Res Grp, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. RP Bonnet, MH (reprint author), Wright State Univ, Dayton Dept, Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 151N,4100 W 3rd St, Dayton, OH 45428 USA. EM bonnetmichael@yahoo.com RI Rogers, Naomi/G-3538-2013 OI Rogers, Naomi/0000-0002-0536-9814 NR 152 TC 72 Z9 75 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER ACADEMY SLEEP MEDICINE PI WESTCHESTER PA ONE WESTBROOK CORPORATE CENTER STE 920, WESTCHESTER, IL 60154 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PD SEP 1 PY 2005 VL 28 IS 9 BP 1163 EP 1187 PG 25 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 962ER UT WOS:000231714300020 PM 16268386 ER PT J AU Jensen, JO AF Jensen, JO TI Vibrational frequencies and structural determination of dicyanodifluorosulfur SO SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE vibrations; normal mode frequencies; infrared spectra; Raman spectra; dicyanodifluorosulfur; sulfur cyanide fluoride ID CYANIDE; SF3CN AB The normal mode frequencies and corresponding vibrational assignments of dicyanodifluorosulfur are examined theoretically using the Gaussian03 set of quantum chemistry codes. Each of the vibrational modes was assigned to one of six types of motion predicted by a group theoretical analysis (C equivalent to N stretch, S-C stretch, S-F stretch, F-S-C bend, S-C equivalent to N bend, and C-S-C bend) utilizing the C-2v symmetry of the molecule. A set of uniform scaling factors was derived for each type of motion. Predicted infrared and Raman intensities are reported. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSRD, ECB,RT,DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Jensen, JO (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSRD, ECB,RT,DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM jim.jensen@us.army.mil NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1386-1425 J9 SPECTROCHIM ACTA A JI Spectroc. Acta Pt. A-Molec. Biomolec. Spectr. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 61 IS 11-12 BP 2766 EP 2770 DI 10.1016/j.saa.2004.09.033 PG 5 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA 956ZZ UT WOS:000231340200047 PM 16043076 ER PT J AU Nataraju, M Adams, DE Rigas, EJ AF Nataraju, M Adams, DE Rigas, EJ TI Nonlinear dynamical effects and observations in modeling and simulating damage evolution in a cantilevered beam SO STRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE nonlinear dynamics; beams; transmissibility functions; damage accumulation and evolution ID FATIGUE-CRACK GROWTH; LIFE PREDICTION; SYSTEMS APPROACH; TRACKING; FRACTURE; PROPAGATION; TRANSITION; MECHANICS; PROGNOSIS; FREQUENCY AB This study investigates the nonlinear dynamic failure characteristics of a notched cantilever beam using numerical finite element models and experiments with various displacement loads at the root of the beam. Damage states of the beam are represented as quasi-static equilibrium points and, subsequently, all significant damage events are modeled as bifurcations (qualitative changes) in the set of stable equilibria for the structure-damage system using a set of low-order normal forms. When analytical models are used to interpret trends in data from the beam as it undergoes different routes to failure, the state-space relationship between estimated crack length and rate of change of crack length exhibits elastic-plastic transitions, which depend on the effects of damage accumulation and the load history. It is suggested that these transitions could be used as a series of milestones for rendering a prognosis. It is demonstrated that nonlinear normal forms do simulate a variety of damage evolution phenomena using a few key parameters, which must be evaluated in future works. C1 Purdue Univ, Ray W Herrick Labs, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. USA, Res Lab, Composites & Lightweight Struct Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Adams, DE (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Ray W Herrick Labs, 140 S Intramural Dr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM deadams@ecn.purdue.edu NR 51 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 1475-9217 J9 STRUCT HEALTH MONIT JI Struct. Health Monit. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 4 IS 3 BP 259 EP 282 DI 10.1177/1475921705055250 PG 24 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 965LV UT WOS:000231952900005 ER PT J AU Dillman, JF Phillips, CS AF Dillman, JF Phillips, CS TI Comparison of non-human primate and human whole blood tissue gene expression profiles SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE non-human primate; microarray; blood; rhesus macaque; cynomologus macaque; African green monkey ID EXPOSED MICE; PATTERNS AB Gene expression profiling is an important tool in the development of medical countermeasures against chemical warfare agents (CWAs). Non-human primates (NHPs), specifically the rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta), the cynomologus macaque (Macaca fascicularis), and the African green monkey (Chlorocebus aethiops), are vital models in the development of CWA prophylactics, therapeutics, and diagnostics. However, gene expression profiling of these NHPs is complicated by the fact their genomes are not completely sequenced, and that no commercially available oligonucleotide microarrays (genechips) exist. We, therefore, sought to determine whether gene expression profiling of NHPs could be performed using human genechips. Whole blood RNA was isolated from each species and used to generate genechip probes. Hybridization of the NHP samples to human genechips (Affymetrix Human U133 Plus 2.0) resulted in comparable numbers of transcripts detected compared with human samples. Statistical analysis revealed intraspecies reproducibility of genechip quality control metrics; interspecies comparison between NHPs and humans showed little significant difference in the quality and reproducibility of data generated using human genechips. Expression profiles of each species were compared using principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical clustering to determine the similarity of the expression profiles within and across the species. The cynomologus group showed the least intraspecies variability, and the human group showed the greatest intraspecies variability. Intraspecies comparison of the expression profiles identified probe sets that were reproducibly detected within each species. Each NHP species was found to be dissimilar to humans; the cynomologus group was the most dissimilar. Interspecies comparison of the expression profiles revealed probe sets that were reproducibly detected in all species examined. These results show that human genechips can be used for expression profiling of NHP samples and provide a foundation for the development of tools for comparing human and NHP gene expression profiles. C1 USA, Appl Pharmacol Branch, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Dillman, JF (reprint author), USA, Appl Pharmacol Branch, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM james.dillman@apg.amedd.army.mil NR 24 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD SEP PY 2005 VL 87 IS 1 BP 306 EP 314 DI 10.1093/toxsci/kfi243 PG 9 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 957HW UT WOS:000231361900033 PM 15976184 ER PT J AU Grose, HL Byrne, KM Stroncek, DF Salata, JM Rentas, FJ AF Grose, HL Byrne, KM Stroncek, DF Salata, JM Rentas, FJ TI Freezing RBC collected by apheresis after 6 days of collection SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 58th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Blood-Banks CY OCT 15-18, 2005 CL Seattle, WA SP Amer Assoc Blood Banks C1 NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. EM kbyrne@mail.cc.nih.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD SEP PY 2005 VL 45 IS 3 SU S BP 19A EP 19A PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 963ME UT WOS:000231807600063 ER PT J AU Cardo, LJ Salata, JM Harman, RW Mendez, J Weina, PJ AF Cardo, LJ Salata, JM Harman, RW Mendez, J Weina, PJ TI The use of leukodepletion filters at collection to reduce the risk of transfusion transmission of Leishmania donovani infantum and Leishmania major SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 58th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Blood-Banks CY OCT 15-18, 2005 CL Seattle, WA SP Amer Assoc Blood Banks C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. EM Lisa.Cardo@us.army.mil NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD SEP PY 2005 VL 45 IS 3 SU S BP 30A EP 30A PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 963ME UT WOS:000231807600100 ER PT J AU Macdonald, VW Rentas, FJ Houchens, DM Leonard, DM Ketchum, LH AF Macdonald, VW Rentas, FJ Houchens, DM Leonard, DM Ketchum, LH TI An iceless replacement shipping container for the Collins Box capable of keeping red blood cells at 1-10 degrees C for 56 hours in austere environments SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 58th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Blood-Banks CY OCT 15-18, 2005 CL Seattle, WA SP Amer Assoc Blood Banks C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. USFK Surgeons Off, APO, AP 96204 USA. EM Victor.Macdonald@na.amedd.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD SEP PY 2005 VL 45 IS 3 SU S BP 79A EP 79A PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 963ME UT WOS:000231807600272 ER PT J AU Macdonald, VW Harman, RW Salata, JM Melvin, WW Ketchum, LH AF Macdonald, VW Harman, RW Salata, JM Melvin, WW Ketchum, LH TI New containers allow shipment and precision airdrop delivery of viable red blood cells SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 58th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Blood-Banks CY OCT 15-18, 2005 CL Seattle, WA SP Amer Assoc Blood Banks C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. EM Victor.Macdonald@na.amedd.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD SEP PY 2005 VL 45 IS 3 SU S BP 79A EP 79A PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 963ME UT WOS:000231807600270 ER PT J AU Cardo, LJ Rentas, FJ Ketchum, LH Salata, JM Harman, RW Melvin, WW Weina, PJ Mendez, J Reddy, H Goodrich, RP AF Cardo, LJ Rentas, FJ Ketchum, LH Salata, JM Harman, RW Melvin, WW Weina, PJ Mendez, J Reddy, H Goodrich, RP TI Pathogen inactivation of Leishmania donovani infantum in plasma with riboflavin and UV light SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 58th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Blood-Banks CY OCT 15-18, 2005 CL Seattle, WA SP Amer Assoc Blood Banks C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. Navigant Biotechnol, Lakewood, CO USA. EM Lisa.Cardo@us.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD SEP PY 2005 VL 45 IS 3 SU S BP 107A EP 108A PG 2 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 963ME UT WOS:000231807600374 ER PT J AU Cardo, LJ Rentas, FJ Ketchum, LH Salata, JM Harman, RW Melvin, WW Weina, PJ Mendez, J Reddy, H Goodrich, RP AF Cardo, LJ Rentas, FJ Ketchum, LH Salata, JM Harman, RW Melvin, WW Weina, PJ Mendez, J Reddy, H Goodrich, RP TI Pathogen inactivation of Leishmania donovani infantum in platelet concentrates with riboflavin and UV light SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 58th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Blood-Banks CY OCT 15-18, 2005 CL Seattle, WA SP Amer Assoc Blood Banks C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. Navigant Biotechnol, Lakewood, CO USA. EM Lisa.Cardo@us.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD SEP PY 2005 VL 45 IS 3 SU S BP 107A EP 107A PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 963ME UT WOS:000231807600373 ER PT J AU Rentas, FJ Harman, RW Gomez, C Salata, JM Childs, J Silva, T Kennedy, A Meledandri, C O'Sullivan, A Richards, A Chan, C Jiang, J Reddy, H Goodrich, RP AF Rentas, FJ Harman, RW Gomez, C Salata, JM Childs, J Silva, T Kennedy, A Meledandri, C O'Sullivan, A Richards, A Chan, C Jiang, J Reddy, H Goodrich, RP TI Inactivation of Orientia tsutsugamushi in plasma and platelets with riboflavin and light, as demonstrated in an animal model SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 58th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Blood-Banks CY OCT 15-18, 2005 CL Seattle, WA SP Amer Assoc Blood Banks C1 USFK Surgeons Off, Seoul, South Korea. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. Natl Naval Med Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. Navigant Biotechnol, Lakewood, CO USA. EM frank.rentas@us.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD SEP PY 2005 VL 45 IS 3 SU S BP 107A EP 107A PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 963ME UT WOS:000231807600372 ER PT J AU Cardo, LJ Salata, JM Harman, RW Mendez, J Weina, PJ AF Cardo, LJ Salata, JM Harman, RW Mendez, J Weina, PJ TI The use of bedside leukodepletion filters to reduce the risk of transfusion transmission of Leishmania donovani infantum SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 58th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Blood-Banks CY OCT 15-18, 2005 CL Seattle, WA SP Amer Assoc Blood Banks C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. EM Lisa.Cardo@us.army.mil NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD SEP PY 2005 VL 45 IS 3 SU S BP 108A EP 109A PG 2 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 963ME UT WOS:000231807600378 ER PT J AU Skripchenko, A Salata, J Cardo, LJ Wagner, SJ AF Skripchenko, A Salata, J Cardo, LJ Wagner, SJ TI Inactivation of Leishmania donovani infantum by thiopyrylium and red light in human red cells SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 58th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Blood-Banks CY OCT 15-18, 2005 CL Seattle, WA SP Amer Assoc Blood Banks C1 Amer Red Cross, Holland Lab, Rockville, MD 90034 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. EM skripcha@usa.redcross.org NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD SEP PY 2005 VL 45 IS 3 SU S BP 108A EP 108A PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 963ME UT WOS:000231807600375 ER PT J AU Cardo, LJ Salata, JM Harman, RW Mendez, J Weina, PJ AF Cardo, LJ Salata, JM Harman, RW Mendez, J Weina, PJ TI The use of leukodepletion filters to remove Leishmania donovani infantum promastigotes from stored blood components SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 58th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Blood-Banks CY OCT 15-18, 2005 CL Seattle, WA SP Amer Assoc Blood Banks C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. EM Lisa.Cardo@us.army.mil NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD SEP PY 2005 VL 45 IS 3 SU S BP 109A EP 109A PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 963ME UT WOS:000231807600379 ER PT J AU Goncalez, TT Sabino, EC McFarland, W Chen, SY Busch, MP Chamone, DA Murphy, EL AF Goncalez, TT Sabino, EC McFarland, W Chen, SY Busch, MP Chamone, DA Murphy, EL TI Motivations to donate blood in a large blood bank, Sao Paulo, Brazil SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 58th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Blood-Banks CY OCT 15-18, 2005 CL Seattle, WA SP Amer Assoc Blood Banks C1 Fdn Pro Sangue, Hemocentro Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. San Francisco Dept Publ Hlth, San Francisco, CA USA. Blood Syst Res Inst, San Francisco, CA USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. USA, San Francisco, CA USA. EM mttgom@ig.com.br RI Sabino, Ester/F-7750-2010 OI Sabino, Ester/0000-0003-2623-5126 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD SEP PY 2005 VL 45 IS 3 SU S BP 171A EP 171A PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 963ME UT WOS:000231807600596 ER PT J AU Duffy, L Gonzales, R AF Duffy, L Gonzales, R TI Co-collection strategy/partnering for success on a freakishly large scale/Department of Defense and the New York Blood Center at the United States Military Academy at West Point SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 58th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Blood-Banks CY OCT 15-18, 2005 CL Seattle, WA SP Amer Assoc Blood Banks C1 New York Blood Ctr, Elmsford, NY USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, N Atlantic Reg Med Command, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM lduffy@nybloodcenter.org NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD SEP PY 2005 VL 45 IS 3 SU S BP 174A EP 174A PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 963ME UT WOS:000231807600606 ER PT J AU Nefso, EK Burns, SE McGrath, CJ AF Nefso, EK Burns, SE McGrath, CJ TI Degradation kinetics of TNT in the presence of six mineral surfaces and ferrous iron SO JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE cation exchange capacity; ferrous iron; oxidation-reduction reaction; reactive barriers; trinitrotoluene ID MEDIATED REDUCTION; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; SUSPENSIONS; SOIL AB Trinitrotoluene (TNT), a nitroaromatic explosive, is a commonly encountered groundwater contaminant in the United States that can pose a human health risk, even at very low aqueous concentrations. This study describes the process characteristics of abiotic degradation of dissolved TNT in the presence of ferrous iron (Fe(2+)) and six different minerals-processes relevant to a more complete understanding of reduced iron technologies in TNT cleanup. Kinetic degradation batch reactions involving combinations of TNT, ferrous iron, six minerals with varying cation exchange capacity, and two pH buffers were performed. The rate of TNT degradation was quantified using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Unbuffered reactions between TNT, Fe(2+), and magnetite, pyrite, quartz, and goethite/quartz were insignificant. However, unbuffered reactions between TNT, Fe(2+), and calcite and siderite proceeded rapidly to completion. The difference in reaction rates was attributable to the elevated pH in the presence of the latter minerals. For reactions performed in buffered systems with pH 7.4, degradation followed a second-order kinetics rate law. For reactions in buffered systems with pH 9.0, the reactions proceeded to completion almost instantaneously. The presence of the mineral solid surface was necessary for TNT reduction to proceed, with the most rapid reaction rates occurring in the presence of a suspected hydroxy solid phase that formed at high pH. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Virginia, Dept Civil Engn, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. USA, CEERD, EPP, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Burns, SE (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Dept Civil Engn, POB 400742,Thornton Hall, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. EM sburns@virginia.edu; chris.mcgrath@erdc.usace.army.mil RI Burns, Susan/H-7947-2012 NR 15 TC 33 Z9 38 U1 2 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3894 J9 J HAZARD MATER JI J. Hazard. Mater. PD AUG 31 PY 2005 VL 123 IS 1-3 BP 79 EP 88 DI 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2004.07.023 PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 946XD UT WOS:000230605700008 PM 15961226 ER PT J AU Babushok, VI DeLucia, FC Dagdigian, PJ Miziolek, AW AF Babushok, VI DeLucia, FC Dagdigian, PJ Miziolek, AW TI Experimental and kinetic modeling study of the laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy plume from metallic lead in argon SO SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART B-ATOMIC SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Laser Induced Plasma Spectroscopy and Applications CY SEP 28-OCT 01, 2004 CL Torremolinos, SPAIN SP Soc Espectroscop Aplicada, Univ Malaga DE LIBS; modeling; kinetics; metals; Pb ID TOTAL CROSS-SECTIONS; INDUCED PLASMAS; CHEMISTRY; EMISSION; ABLATION; GASES; ATOMS; MICROANALYSIS; TEMPERATURE; IONIZATION AB A kinetic model of the laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) plume of lead in argon has been developed to gain an understanding of the physical and chemical factors controlling the LIBS signature. This model includes processes involving ion chemistry, excitation, ionization, and other processes affecting the concentrations of argon and lead atoms (in 9 different electronic states) and their ions. A total of 15 chemical species and 90 reactions are included in the model. Experimental measurements of the temporal dependence of a number of lead emission lines in the LIBS plume of metallic lead have been made in argon and air. The modeling results are compared with these observations and with previous modeling of LIBS of lead in air. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Chem, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, WM BD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Dagdigian, PJ (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Chem, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. EM pjdagdigian@jhu.edu RI De Lucia, Frank/D-5630-2012 NR 45 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0584-8547 J9 SPECTROCHIM ACTA B JI Spectroc. Acta Pt. B-Atom. Spectr. PD AUG 31 PY 2005 VL 60 IS 7-8 BP 926 EP 934 DI 10.1016/j.sab.2005.03.012 PG 9 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA 975DH UT WOS:000232640700008 ER PT J AU Munson, CA De Lucia, FC Piehler, T McNesby, KL Miziolek, AW AF Munson, CA De Lucia, FC Piehler, T McNesby, KL Miziolek, AW TI Investigation of statistics strategies for improving the discriminating power of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy for chemical and biological warfare agent simulants SO SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART B-ATOMIC SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Laser Induced Plasma Spectroscopy and Applications CY SEP 28-OCT 01, 2004 CL Torremolinos, SPAIN SP Soc Espectroscop Aplicada, Univ Malaga DE LIBS; chemometrics; PCA; SIMCA ID INDUCED PLASMA SPECTROSCOPY; INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; LIBS; CLASSIFICATION; IDENTIFICATION; TOOL AB Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy spectra of bacterial spores, molds, pollens and nerve agent simulants have been acquired. The performance of several statistical methodologies-linear correlation, principal components analysis, and soft independent model of class analogy-has been evaluated for their ability to differentiate between the various samples. The effect of data selection (total spectra, peak intensities, and intensity ratios) and pre-treatments (e.g., averaging) on the statistical models have also been studied. Results indicate the use of spectral averaging and weighting schemes may be used to significantly improve sample differentiation. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, WM BD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Munson, CA (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, WM BD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM cmunson@arl.army.mil RI De Lucia, Frank/D-5630-2012; Munson, Chase/H-1667-2012 NR 27 TC 97 Z9 98 U1 1 U2 25 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0584-8547 J9 SPECTROCHIM ACTA B JI Spectroc. Acta Pt. B-Atom. Spectr. PD AUG 31 PY 2005 VL 60 IS 7-8 BP 1217 EP 1224 DI 10.1016/j.sab.2005.05.017 PG 8 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA 975DH UT WOS:000232640700041 ER PT J AU Alexander, TA AF Alexander, TA TI Applications of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) to counterterrorism SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 230th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2005 CL Washington, DC C1 USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate Opt Branch, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM talexander@arl.army.mil NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2005 VL 230 MA 479-ANYL BP U404 EP U404 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 032TJ UT WOS:000236797300792 ER PT J AU Andkelm, J Sloan, JM Napadensky, E McKnight, SH Rigby, D Baker, J AF Andkelm, J Sloan, JM Napadensky, E McKnight, SH Rigby, D Baker, J TI Multiscalle simulations of sullfonated SIBS triblock copolymers SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 230th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2005 CL Washington, DC C1 USA, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Polymer Res Branch, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. USA, Div Mat, Multifunct Mat Branch, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Univ Arkansas, Dept Chem & Biochem, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. EM jandzelm@arl.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2005 VL 230 MA 284-COMP BP U1385 EP U1386 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 032TJ UT WOS:000236797302793 ER PT J AU Banks, HD AF Banks, HD TI Role of charge development in SN2 reactions SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 230th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2005 CL Washington, DC C1 USA, Res & Technol Directorate, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, AMSSB RRT,TC, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM harold.banks@us.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2005 VL 230 MA 507-ORGN BP U3327 EP U3328 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 032TJ UT WOS:000236797306502 ER PT J AU Carlacci, L Lee, MS Olson, M AF Carlacci, L Lee, MS Olson, M TI Role of conformational relaxation and entropy in the computation of binding affinities of flexible peptides with their protein targets SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 230th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2005 CL Washington, DC C1 USA, High Performance Comp Res Ctr, Network CS Inc, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. EM lcarlacc@ahpcrc.org NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2005 VL 230 MA 291-COMP BP U1389 EP U1389 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 032TJ UT WOS:000236797302800 ER PT J AU Ciezak, JA AF Ciezak, JA TI Solid state DFT methods and the property prediction of energetic materials SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 230th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2005 CL Washington, DC C1 USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2005 VL 230 MA 161-COMP BP U1328 EP U1329 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 032TJ UT WOS:000236797302672 ER PT J AU Egan, PJ AF Egan, PJ TI The Department of Defense Invasive Species Management Program SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 230th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2005 CL Washington, DC C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Armes Forces Pest Management Board, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM Peter.Egan@osd.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2005 VL 230 MA 92-AGRO BP U144 EP U144 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 032TJ UT WOS:000236797300273 ER PT J AU Hronec, C Walker, CW Elabd, YA AF Hronec, C Walker, CW Elabd, YA TI Catalyst layer network formation and its effect on fuel cell performance SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 230th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2005 CL Washington, DC C1 Drexel Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Drexel Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM elabd@drexel.edu RI Elabd, Yossef/G-9866-2014 OI Elabd, Yossef/0000-0002-7790-9445 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2005 VL 230 MA 23-FUEL BP U1637 EP U1637 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 032TJ UT WOS:000236797303277 ER PT J AU Jensen, JO Banerjee, A Zeroka, D Merrow, CN Gilliam, SJ Kirkby, SJ AF Jensen, JO Banerjee, A Zeroka, D Merrow, CN Gilliam, SJ Kirkby, SJ TI A theoretical study of P4010: Vibrational analysis, infrared and Raman spectra SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 230th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2005 CL Washington, DC C1 USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Lehigh Univ, Dept Chem, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. Univ Missouri, Dept Chem, Rolla, MO 65401 USA. E Tennessee State Univ, Dept Chem, Johnson City, TN 37614 USA. EM kirkby@etsu.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2005 VL 230 MA 21-COMP BP U1260 EP U1261 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 032TJ UT WOS:000236797302535 ER PT J AU Kalinch, JF Emond, CA Dalton, TK Mog, SR Coleman, GD Kordell, LE Miller, AC McClain, DE AF Kalinch, JF Emond, CA Dalton, TK Mog, SR Coleman, GD Kordell, LE Miller, AC McClain, DE TI Embedded weapons-grade tungsten alloy shrapnel rapidly induces metastatic high-grade rhabdomyosarcomas in F344 rats SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 230th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2005 CL Washington, DC C1 Armed Forces Radiobiol Res Inst, Sci Res Dept, Heavy Met Res Team, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. Armed Forces Radiobiol Res Inst, Dept Vet Sci, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Pathol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM kalinich@afrri.usuhs.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2005 VL 230 MA 56-GEOC BP U1740 EP U1741 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 032TJ UT WOS:000236797303490 ER PT J AU Korte, WD Walker, EM Smith, JR Capacio, BR Graham, JS Sciuto, A AF Korte, WD Walker, EM Smith, JR Capacio, BR Graham, JS Sciuto, A TI Quantitative determination of chemical warfare agent exposures in humans and animals by GC-MS analysis SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 230th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2005 CL Washington, DC C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Div Pharmacol, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM william.korte@amedd.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2005 VL 230 MA 255-ANYL BP U298 EP U298 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 032TJ UT WOS:000236797300573 ER PT J AU Lee, MS Olson, M AF Lee, MS Olson, M TI Energy landscapes of multi-resolution protein models: Implications for the detection and generation of near-native structures SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 230th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2005 CL Washington, DC C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Cell Biol & Biochem, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2005 VL 230 MA 384-PHYS BP U2950 EP U2950 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 032TJ UT WOS:000236797305841 ER PT J AU Millward, RN Burgess, RM Ho, KT Bridges, TS Lotufo, GR Luthy, RG Ghosh, U AF Millward, RN Burgess, RM Ho, KT Bridges, TS Lotufo, GR Luthy, RG Ghosh, U TI Use of black carbon to alter the bioavailability of contaminants in sediments SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 230th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2005 CL Washington, DC C1 USACE, Environm Lab, Erdc, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM rod.n.millward@us.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2005 VL 230 MA 18-ENVR BP U1508 EP U1508 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 032TJ UT WOS:000236797303018 ER PT J AU Orlicki, JA Rawlett, AM Demaree, JD Kosik, WE McKnight, SH AF Orlicki, JA Rawlett, AM Demaree, JD Kosik, WE McKnight, SH TI Functional polymer surfaces via self-segregating additives SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 230th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2005 CL Washington, DC C1 USA, Div Mat, Multifunct Mat Branch, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. USA, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM jorlicki@arl.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2005 VL 230 MA 580-PMSE BP U3778 EP U3778 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 032TJ UT WOS:000236797307572 ER PT J AU Pellar, GJ DeFrank, JJ AF Pellar, GJ DeFrank, JJ TI Nerve agent surrogate hydrolysis by polyethylene glycol stabilized OPH and OPAA enzymes SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 230th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2005 CL Washington, DC C1 USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM gregory.pellar@us.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2005 VL 230 MA 625-POLY BP U4283 EP U4284 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 032TJ UT WOS:000236797308615 ER PT J AU Snyder, JF Hagon, MJ Carter, RH Wetzel, ED AF Snyder, JF Hagon, MJ Carter, RH Wetzel, ED TI Vinyl ester polymer electrolytes for multifunctional composites SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 230th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2005 CL Washington, DC C1 USA, Div Mat, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM jsnyder@arl.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2005 VL 230 MA 537-PMSE BP U3760 EP U3760 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 032TJ UT WOS:000236797307531 ER PT J AU Sumner, JJ Crittenden, SR AF Sumner, JJ Crittenden, SR TI Microbial fuel cells: A biotechnological approach to power generation SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 230th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2005 CL Washington, DC C1 USA, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Res Lab, AMSDR,ARL,SE,EO, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM jsumner@arl.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2005 VL 230 MA 120-FUEL BP U1681 EP U1681 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 032TJ UT WOS:000236797303371 ER PT J AU Sumner, JJ AF Sumner, JJ TI Electrochemical transduction for biosensors without the use of a sandwich assay SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 230th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2005 CL Washington, DC C1 USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, AMSRD ARL SE EO, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM jsumner@arl.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2005 VL 230 MA 448-ANYL BP U390 EP U390 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 032TJ UT WOS:000236797300761 ER PT J AU Thompson, JP AF Thompson, John Peter TI Invasive species challenges and perceptions in the horticultural industry: Regulative and legislative SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 230th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2005 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Univ Florida, Ctr Aquat & Invas Plants, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM jpeter@behnkes.net NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 28 PY 2005 VL 230 MA 79-AGRO BP U136 EP U137 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 032TJ UT WOS:000236797300260 ER PT J AU Xu, K Zhang, SS Lee, U Allen, JL Jow, TR AF Xu, K Zhang, SS Lee, U Allen, JL Jow, TR TI LiBOB: Is it an alternative salt for lithium ion chemistry? SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Meeting on Lithium Batteries CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2004 CL Nara, JAPAN DE LiBOB; Li ion batteries; electrolytes ID THERMAL-STABILITY; BATTERY ELECTROLYTES; PROPYLENE CARBONATE; CELLS; CONDUCTIVITY; GRAPHITE; LIPF6; BIS(OXALATO)BORATE; INTERFACE; EC/DEC AB In this paper, the perspective of lithium bis(oxalato)borate (LiBOB) as a possible candidate for the lithium ion batteries was evaluated on the basis of the knowledge accumulated thus far. Emphasis was placed on the electrochemistry of the BOB-anion on both graphitic anode and metal-oxide-based cathode surfaces. Certain issues associated with the impurity and safety of the salt in lithium ion systems were also discussed. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USA, Res Lab, Sensor & Elect Devices, Electrochem Branch, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Xu, K (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Sensor & Elect Devices, Electrochem Branch, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM cxu@arl.army.mil RI Zhang, Sheng/A-4456-2012; Xu, Kang/C-6054-2013 OI Zhang, Sheng/0000-0003-4435-4110; NR 33 TC 87 Z9 106 U1 4 U2 36 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD AUG 26 PY 2005 VL 146 IS 1-2 SI SI BP 79 EP 85 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2005.03.153 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 976TQ UT WOS:000232756700014 ER PT J AU Zheng, JR Moss, PL Fu, R Ma, Z Xin, Y Au, G Plichta, EJ AF Zheng, JR Moss, PL Fu, R Ma, Z Xin, Y Au, G Plichta, EJ TI Capacity degradation of lithium rechargeable batteries SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Meeting on Lithium Batteries CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2004 CL Nara, JAPAN DE capacity degradation; LiV2O5 cathode; Li rechargeable batteries ID V-51 NMR; ELECTROLYTE; CELLS; MECHANISMS; LI AB Li rechargeable cells made with structural arrangement Li/membrane/LixV2O5 were examined under different charge states using ac impedance, environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and the high-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). These states include charged, discharged, and over cycled. The lowest internal resistance was obtained from the cell at charged state; the resistance increased when the cell was discharged; and the highest resistance was obtained from the cell at over-cycled state. From the ESEM and TEM studies, it was found that the surface of cathode electrode was porous initially; however, it was coated with an amorphous film and porous features had also disappeared from the cell at over cycled state. In addition, higher concentration of aluminum was found at the surface of the cathode electrode in over-cycled cells. From NMR studies, Li ion signals, which correspond to Li ions in the liquid electrolyte, on the surface of LixV2O5 Cathode electrode, and inside the LixV2O5 cathode, were obtained. The mechanisms for capacity degradation and cycle lifetime of the cell are discussed. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Florida A&M Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. Florida State Univ, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. USA, Commun Elect Command, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Zheng, JR (reprint author), Florida A&M Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. EM zheng@eng.fsu.edu NR 16 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD AUG 26 PY 2005 VL 146 IS 1-2 SI SI BP 753 EP 757 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2005.03.076 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 976TQ UT WOS:000232756700155 ER PT J AU Eichhorn, JH Brauns, TA Gelfand, JA Crothers, BA Wilbur, DC AF Eichhorn, JH Brauns, TA Gelfand, JA Crothers, BA Wilbur, DC TI A novel automated screening and interpretation process for cervical cytology using the Internet transmission of low-resolution images - A feasibility study SO CANCER CYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 92nd Annual Meeting of the United-States-and-Canadian-Academy-of-Pathology CY MAR 22-28, 2003 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP US & Canadian Acad Pathol DE cervical cytology; automation; Internet; teleparthology; telecytology; FocalPoint ID CANCER STATISTICS; ACCURACY; SYSTEM; TRIAL AB BACKGROUND. Transmission over the Internet of low-resolution images acquired by automated screening of cervical cytology specimens has the potential to provide remote interpretation and, hence, centralization of a cytology workforce, METHODS. Liquid-based cervical cytology slides were scanned using the Focal-Point (R) System. Ten black-and-white images that had the greatest probability of containing abnormality were acquired from each of 32 reference slides (16 negative samples, 3 samples of atypical squamous cells of uncertain significance, 5 samples of low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions [LSIL], 5 samples of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions [HSIL], 1 adenocarcinoma in situ sample, and 2 carcinoma samples) and were transmitted as e-mail attachments in JPEG format to remote reading stations. The slides were interpreted independently by two pathologists and were assigned to either of two groups: 1) suspicious for HSIL or 2) LSIL. The interpretations were compared with the reference diagnoses. The specimens were then randomized, and the image sets were redistributed to the pathologists for another round of interpretation and scoring. RESULTS. The initial and subsequent trials yielded similar results. Pooling the interpretations of the two pathologists, the concordance rate between reference and assigned diagnostic groups for each of the two trials was 84%, the false-positive rate was 8.3%, and the false-negative rate was 37.5%. Review of the discrepant slides revealed subtle cellular changes that may be utilized to reduce errors and, with training, to optimize sensitivity and specificity. CONCLUSIONS. This procedure showed promise for allowing remote interpretation of device-selected images. The procedure may represent an effective way to centralize cervical cytology services and to allow the provision of services to previously unscreened populations that lack an effective cytology infrastructure. C1 Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Cytopathol Unit, Boston, MA 02114 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Partners Hlth Care, Ctr Integrat Med & Innovat Technol, Boston, MA USA. Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Infect Dis Unit, Boston, MA 02114 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Boston, MA USA. Uniformed Serv Sch Med, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Washington, DC USA. RP Wilbur, DC (reprint author), Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Cytopathol Unit, Warren 120,55 Blossom St, Boston, MA 02114 USA. EM dwilbur@partners.org NR 17 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0008-543X J9 CANCER CYTOPATHOL JI Cancer Cytopathol. PD AUG 25 PY 2005 VL 105 IS 4 BP 199 EP 206 DI 10.1002/cncr.21098 PG 8 WC Oncology; Pathology SC Oncology; Pathology GA 955WB UT WOS:000231257200003 PM 15937917 ER PT J AU Li, H Subhash, G Kecskes, LJ Dowding, RJ AF Li, H Subhash, G Kecskes, LJ Dowding, RJ TI Mechanical behavior of tungsten preform reinforced bulk metallic glass composites SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE metallic glass matrix composite; compression behavior; Hopkinson pressure bar; shear band; Tungsten preform ID CVD TEXTURED TUNGSTEN; MATRIX COMPOSITES; PLASTIC-DEFORMATION; PHASE; MICROSTRUCTURES AB Quasistatic and dynamic compression tests were conducted on four tungsten preform reinforced Vit105 (Zr52.5Ti5Cu17.9Ni14.6Al10) and Vit106 (Zr57Nb5Cu15.4Ni12.6Al10) metallic glass composites. All the composites exhibited large plastic strain under both quasistatic and dynamic compression. In general, the dynamic loading resulted in higher failure stress than the quasistatic loading. The deformation behavior was found to be dominated by the ductile W phase. Microscopic observation of the deformed and fractured specimens revealed shear banding in the glassy phase, cracking along the particle boundaries and severe deformation of W particles. It is also found that the processing methods have strong influence on the mechanical behavior of the composites even when they have the same matrix and the same volume fractions of the reinforcement. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Mech Engn Engn Mech, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. USA, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Subhash, G (reprint author), Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Mech Engn Engn Mech, 1400 Townsend Dr, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. EM subhash@mtu.edu RI Kecskes, Laszlo/F-6880-2014; Dowding, Robert/F-1469-2015 OI Kecskes, Laszlo/0000-0002-1342-3729; Dowding, Robert/0000-0002-4763-2131 NR 33 TC 36 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD AUG 25 PY 2005 VL 403 IS 1-2 BP 134 EP 143 DI 10.1016/j.msea.2005.04.053 PG 10 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 961XK UT WOS:000231694900018 ER PT J AU Ney, JP Joseph, KR Mitchell, MH AF Ney, JP Joseph, KR Mitchell, MH TI Late subdural hygromas from birth trauma SO NEUROLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA, Corps Med, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Ney, JP (reprint author), 6900 Georgia Ave NW,Bldg 2, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM John.Ney@na.amedd.army.mil NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0028-3878 J9 NEUROLOGY JI Neurology PD AUG 23 PY 2005 VL 65 IS 4 BP 517 EP 517 DI 10.1212/01.wnl.0000178166.06001.b0 PG 1 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 957LP UT WOS:000231371600006 PM 16116108 ER PT J AU Orth, K Day, JW Boesch, DF Clairain, EJ Mitsch, WJ Shabman, L Simenstad, C Streever, B Watson, C Wells, J Whigham, D AF Orth, K Day, JW Boesch, DF Clairain, EJ Mitsch, WJ Shabman, L Simenstad, C Streever, B Watson, C Wells, J Whigham, D TI Lessons learned: An assessment of the effectiveness of a National Technical Review Committee for oversight of the plan for the restoration of the Mississippi Delta SO ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Mississippi Delta; coastal restoration; technical oversight review; US Army Corps of Engineers AB This paper presents lessons learned about the function of a national review Committee (National Technical Review Committee-NTRC) for a major U.S. Corps of Engineers water resources study, the Louisiana Coastal Area Study (the restoration of the Mississippi Delta). Lessons learned are based on responses to five questions to the NTRC. What was the best thing about the experience? What was the worst thing about the experience? What one thing was not done that should have been done? What is the most important lesson for similar future committees? Are there any other lessons? Several important cross-cutting themes were recommended for future national review groups: (1) a national review group adds value and (2) the Corps must early on think through the structure, process and use of the review group, including: the group's purpose, the degree of independence or interaction, treatment of Committee members, the use of the group's comments, scheduling of group activities, and needs to support the group. While the NTRC found much that should lead to improvements for future groups, it strongly recommends that seeking top professional advice during the course of study is appropriate for the Corps. Committee members found their experiences to be professionally and personally rewarding. (c) 2005 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 US Army Corps Engineers, Inst Water Resources, Alexandria, VA 22315 USA. Louisiana State Univ, Sch Coast & Environm, Dept Oceanog & Coastal Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Cambridge, MD 21613 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43202 USA. Resources Future Inc, Washington, DC 20036 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. BP Explorat Alaska Inc, Anchorage, AK 99519 USA. Colorado State Univ, Civil Engn Dept, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA. Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. RP Orth, K (reprint author), US Army Corps Engineers, Inst Water Resources, 7701 Telegraph Rd, Alexandria, VA 22315 USA. EM kenneth.d.orth@usace.army.mil OI Whigham, Dennis/0000-0003-1488-820X NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-8574 J9 ECOL ENG JI Ecol. Eng. PD AUG 20 PY 2005 VL 25 IS 2 BP 153 EP 167 DI 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2005.04.002 PG 15 WC Ecology; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Engineering GA 971VL UT WOS:000232412800003 ER PT J AU Hall, FX Bray, DW AF Hall, FX Bray, DW TI Photo Quiz - Annular lesions - Erythema annulare centrifugum SO AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN LA English DT Editorial Material ID DIAGNOSIS C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Hall, FX (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD FAMILY PHYSICIANS PI KANSAS CITY PA 8880 WARD PARKWAY, KANSAS CITY, MO 64114-2797 USA SN 0002-838X J9 AM FAM PHYSICIAN JI Am. Fam. Physician PD AUG 15 PY 2005 VL 72 IS 4 BP 671 EP 672 PG 2 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 956XQ UT WOS:000231333800014 PM 16127957 ER PT J AU Carr, JK Nadai, Y Eyzaguirre, L Saad, MD Khakimov, MM Yakubov, SK Birx, DL Graham, RR Wolfe, ND Earhart, KC Sanchez, JL AF Carr, JK Nadai, Y Eyzaguirre, L Saad, MD Khakimov, MM Yakubov, SK Birx, DL Graham, RR Wolfe, ND Earhart, KC Sanchez, JL TI Outbreak of a West African recombinant of HIV-1 in Tashkent, Uzbekistan SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE HIV-1 molecular epidemiology; former Soviet Union; injecting drug user epidemic; genetic diversity ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; INJECTING DRUG-USERS; FORMER SOVIET-UNION; DYNAMICS IN-VIVO; TYPE-1 SUBTYPE; REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTASE; SEQUENCE; STRAINS; GENOME; EPIDEMIOLOGY AB Objectives: This research describes the genetic diversity of HIV-1 in Uzbekistan. Methods: During 2002 and 2003, blood from HIV-positive patients in Uzbekistan was collected, and part of the proviral pol gene and nearly full-length genomes were sequenced and analyzed. Results: Among 142 Uzbek strains, most clustered genetically with the subtype A strain common in the former Soviet Union. Most of these subtype A-infected drug-naive subjects (65.6%) had an accessory drug resistance mutation, A62V, in the reverse transcriptase gene. Thirteen of the strains (9.2%) clustered with CRF02_AG, an HIV strain common in West Africa. People infected with CRF02_AG were all residents of Tashkent and sampled in 2002. The CRF02_AG strains were monophyletic and probably descended from a single ancestor. Two strains were recombinant between CRF02_AG and subtype A, with each having a different subtype structure. The CRF02_AG and the subtype A elements of the recombinants were monophyletic with Uzbek CRF02_AG and subtype A. New full-length genomes of 12 Uzbek strains suggested that neither the subtype A and nor the CRF02_AG strains in this epidemic were mosaics with other subtypes or circulating recombinant forms. Conclusion: A genetic analysis of Uzbek HIV strains demonstrated the predominance of subtype A in the epidemic. An outbreak of a West African strain of HIV-1, CRF02_AG, occurred in Tashkent, Uzbekistan in 2002, however. The cocirculation of the 2 strains has resulted in new recombinants that are apparently unique to Uzbekistan. C1 Henry M Jackson Fdn, US Mil HIV Res Program, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Navy Med Res Unit 3, Cairo, Egypt. Natl AIDS Ctr, Tashkent, Uzbekistan. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, US Mil HIV Res Program, Rockville, MD USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Carr, JK (reprint author), Henry M Jackson Fdn, US Mil HIV Res Program, 1 Taft Court,Suite 250, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. EM jcarr@hivresearch.org RI Saad, Magdi/H-5561-2013 OI Saad, Magdi/0000-0003-2111-8115 NR 30 TC 36 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD AUG 15 PY 2005 VL 39 IS 5 BP 570 EP 575 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 952BM UT WOS:000230976500010 PM 16044009 ER PT J AU Potter, BK Kuklo, TR Lenke, LG AF Potter, BK Kuklo, TR Lenke, LG TI Radiographic outcomes of anterior spinal fusion versus posterior spinal fusion with thoracic pedicle screws for treatment of Lenke Type I adolescent idiopathic scoliosis curves SO SPINE LA English DT Article DE adolescent idiopathic scoliosis; curve correction; vertebral rotation; thoracic torsion; anterior spinal fusion; posterior spinal fusion; thoracic pedicle screw ID PULMONARY-FUNCTION; VERTEBRAL ROTATION; LUMBAR SPINE; INSTRUMENTATION; FIXATION; THORACOPLASTY; KYPHOSIS; SURGERY; HOOK AB Study Design. Analysis of radiographic outcomes following surgical correction of scoliosis. Objectives. To compare the curve correction and derotation following anterior spinal fusion (ASF) versus posterior spinal fusion (PSF) with thoracic pedicle screws. Summary of Background Data. The benefits of ASF in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis include saving distal fusion levels and historically greater correction and derotation compared with PSF. However, comparative studies between ASF and PSF have generally consisted only of posterior hook instrumentation or hybrid constructs, with no direct comparisons between anterior fusion and thoracic pedicle screw (TPS) series. Methods. We performed a retrospective review of the radiographic and medical records of 40 patients ( two curve-matched groups) with Lenke Type I main thoracic adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. There were 20 patients who underwent open ASF with single-rod instrumentation with a mean age at surgery of 15 years + 6 months (range, 12-20 years) and 20 patients who underwent PSF with TPS constructs with a mean age at surgery of 13 + 6 (range, 12-15). Radiographic follow-up averaged 44.1 month (24-80) for the ASF group and 55.1 month (25-83) for the PSF/TPS group. We evaluated the sagittal alignment, Cobb angles, rib hump deformity ( RH), apical rib spread difference (ARSD), and apical vertebral body-rib ratio (AVB-R), measures of rotation and thoracic torsion, between both groups. Results. Before surgery, the main thoracic curve was 55.1 (range, 47-66) for the ASF group and 52.5 ( range, 46-68) for the PSF/TPS group (P = 0.16). Additionally, there was no difference in the pelvic tilt curves, thoracic kyphosis, lumbar lordosis, RH, or ARSD. However, there was a slightly greater preoperative thoracolumbar-lumbar (TL/L) curve (34.6 versus 29.5, P = 0.04) and AVB-R (1.75 versus 1.5, P = 0.003) in the ASF group. After surgery, an average of 6.5 levels ( range, 6 - 8) were fused in the ASF group, compared with 7.7 levels (range, 5-12) in the PSF/TPS group (P = 0.001) or 1.2 additional levels for PSF/TPS. At final postoperative follow-up, spontaneous pelvic tilt curve correction was greater in the ASF group (47% versus 35%), although this difference did not reach statistical significance (P = 0.07). For the main thoracic and TL/L curves, there was greater correction in the PSF/TPS group (62% versus 52%, P = 0.009; and 56% versus 41%, P = 0.03), respectively. Additionally, the PSF/TPS group demonstrated significantly greater RH correction (51% versus 26%, P = 0.005) and AVB-R ratio improvement (73% versus 32%, P = 0.0001). We also noted a trend towards increased correction of the ARSD in the PSF/TPS group (58% versus 32%, P = 0.07). Further, the postoperative thoracic kyphosis decreased 4.4 in the PSF/TPS group (postop avg. 25.0) and increased 5.7 ( average, 30.6) in the ASF group (P = 0.04). Conclusions. In this curve-matched cohort of Lenke Type I curves, PSF with TPS provided superior instrumented correction of main thoracic curves and spontaneous correction of TL/L curves. Perhaps more importantly, PSF/TPS demonstrated improved correction of thoracic torsion and rotation as compared with ASF in terms of RH (P = 0.005) and AVB-R ratio (P = 0.0001), with only one additional spinal segment fused on average. C1 USA, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. St Louis Shriners Hosp Children, St Louis, MO USA. Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat & Adult Spinal Surg, St Louis, MO USA. RP Kuklo, TR (reprint author), USA, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM Timothy.Kuklo@na.amedd.army.mil NR 30 TC 76 Z9 90 U1 0 U2 6 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0362-2436 J9 SPINE JI SPINE PD AUG 15 PY 2005 VL 30 IS 16 BP 1859 EP 1866 DI 10.1097/01.brs.0000174118.72916.96 PG 8 WC Clinical Neurology; Orthopedics SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Orthopedics GA 956JW UT WOS:000231297000010 PM 16103856 ER PT J AU Putnak, JR Coller, BA Voss, G Vaughn, DW Clements, D Peters, I Bignami, G Houng, HS Chen, RCM Barvir, DA Seriwatana, J Cayphas, S Garcon, N Gheysen, D Kanesa-thasan, N McDonell, M Humphreys, T Eckels, KH Prieels, JP Innis, BL AF Putnak, JR Coller, BA Voss, G Vaughn, DW Clements, D Peters, I Bignami, G Houng, HS Chen, RCM Barvir, DA Seriwatana, J Cayphas, S Garcon, N Gheysen, D Kanesa-thasan, N McDonell, M Humphreys, T Eckels, KH Prieels, JP Innis, BL TI An evaluation of dengue type-2 inactivated, recombinant subunit, and live-attenuated vaccine candidates in the rhesus macaque model SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE dengue type-2 virus; vaccine; live-attenuated; non-replicating antigen-based; adjuvants ID GLYCOPROTEIN PROTECT MICE; DOG KIDNEY-CELLS; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; VIRUS-VACCINE; ANTIGENIC DETERMINANTS; ENVELOPE GLYCOPROTEIN; IDENTIFICATION; INFECTION; IMMUNOGENICITY; IMMUNIZATION AB The safety, immunogenicity, and protective efficacy of two non-replicating antigen-based vaccines and one live-attenuated virus (LAV) vaccine for dengue type-2 (dengue-2) virus were evaluated in the rhesus macaque model. The non-replicating vaccines consisted of whole, purified inactivated virus (PIV) and a recombinant subunit protein containing the amino-(N)-terminal 80% of envelope protein (ME), each formulated with one of five different adjuvants. Each formulation was administered to three animals on a 0, 3-month schedule. Following the primary immunizations, 37 of 39 animals demonstrated dengue-2 virus neutralizing antibodies. After the booster immunizations all animals had dengue neutralizing antibodies with peak titers ranging from 1: 100 to 1:9700. The highest neutralizing antibody titers were observed in the groups that received r80E antigen formulated with AS04, AS05, or AS08 adjuvant, and PIN formulated with AS05 or AS08 adjuvant. These newer adjuvants are based on alum, fraction QS-21 of saponin, and monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL). Protection was evaluated by dengue-2 virus challenge 2 months after the booster by the measurement of circulating virus (viremia) and post-challenge immune responses. Several groups exhibited nearly complete protection against viremia by bioassay, although there was evidence for challenge virus replication by Taqman (TM) and immunological assays. None of the vaccines conferred sterile immunity.Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Hawaii Biotech Inc, Aiea, HI 96701 USA. GlaxoSmithKline Biol, B-1330 Rixensart, Belgium. GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA 19426 USA. RP Putnak, JR (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM robert.putnak@na.amedd.army.mil NR 37 TC 81 Z9 84 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD AUG 15 PY 2005 VL 23 IS 35 BP 4442 EP 4452 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2005.03.042 PG 11 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 951RH UT WOS:000230947700009 ER PT J AU Johnson, MS Gogal, RM Larsen, CT AF Johnson, MS Gogal, RM Larsen, CT TI Food avoidance behavior to dietary octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX) exposure in the northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART A-CURRENT ISSUES LA English DT Article ID CONTAMINATED FOOD; BIRDS AB High-melting explosive (HMX; octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine) is a widely utilized explosive component of munitions used by the military. Consequently, production and use through testing and training at military installations has resulted in deposition of HMX in soil. Since these areas are often used by birds, the oral toxicity of HMX exposure to northern bob-white ( Colinus virginianus) was evaluated. Attempts to determine the acute lethal dose were unsuccessful. Initially, 8 birds ( 1 male/1 female per dose group) were orally dosed at levels ranging from 125 to 2125 mg HMX/kg body weight. A single death at the midrange resulted in subsequent trials of oral doses up to 10,760 mg/kg body weight. Only a single death occurred at 7173 mg/kg. A subsequent 28-d feeding study was then conducted to evaluate the potential for toxicity resulting from repetitive oral exposures. Northern bobwhite were exposed to concentrations of HMX in feed of either 10000, 1000, 100, or 0 mg/kg. These exposures resulted in a clear concentration-related reduction in feed consumption and body mass. Reductions in egg production in females were correlated with changes in body mass and feed consumption. Other physiological indicators were consistent with a considerable reduction in feed intake. These results suggest that HMX concentration is responsible for intense feed aversion behavior and thus not likely a factor that would appreciably contribute to risk for wild birds at military ranges. C1 USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Hlth Effects Res Program, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Virginia Maryland Reg Coll Vet Med, Ctr Mol Med & Infect Dis, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Johnson, MS (reprint author), USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Hlth Effects Res Program, 5158 Blackhawk Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM Mark.S.Johnson@us.army.mil NR 22 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1528-7394 J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL A JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health Part A PD AUG 13 PY 2005 VL 68 IS 15 BP 1349 EP 1357 DI 10.1080/15287390590953608 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 947RS UT WOS:000230664600004 PM 16020194 ER PT J AU Oliver, MA Shine, JA Slocum, KR AF Oliver, MA Shine, JA Slocum, KR TI Using the variogram to explore imagery of two different spatial resolutions SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID HYPERSPECTRAL DATA; VARIABILITY AB The resolution of remotely sensed data is becoming increasingly fine, and there are now many sources of data with a pixel size of 1 m x 1 m. This produces huge amounts of data that have to be stored, processed and transmitted. For environmental applications this resolution possibly provides far more data than are needed: data overload. This poses the question: how much is too much? We have explored two resolutions of data-20 in pixel SPOT data and I in pixel Computerized Airborne Multispectral Imaging System (CAMIS) data from Fort A. P. Hill (Virginia, USA), using the variogram of geostatistics. For both we used the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). Three scales of spatial variation were identified in both the SPOT and 1 in data: there was some overlap at the intermediate spatial scales of about 150 in and of 500 m-600 in. We subsampled the I in data and scales of variation of about 30 in and of 300 in were identified consistently until the separation between pixel centroids was 15 in (or 1 in 225pixels). At this stage, spatial scales of about 100m and 600m were described, which suggested that only now was there a real difference in the amount of spatial information available from an environmental perspective. These latter were similar spatial scales to those identified from the SPOT image. We have also analysed I in CAMIS data from Fort Story (Virginia, USA) for comparison and the outcome is similar.:From these analyses it seems that a pixel size of 20m is adequate for many environmental applications, and that if more detail is required the higher resolution data could be sub-sampled to a 10m separation between pixel centroids without any serious loss of information. This reduces significantly the amount of data that needs to be stored, transmitted and analysed and has important implications for data compression. C1 Univ Reading, Dept Soil Sci, Reading RG6 6DW, Berks, England. USA, Topog Engn Ctr, Alexandria, VA 22315 USA. RP Oliver, MA (reprint author), Univ Reading, Dept Soil Sci, London Rd, Reading RG6 6DW, Berks, England. EM m.a.oliver@reading.ac.uk NR 17 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0143-1161 J9 INT J REMOTE SENS JI Int. J. Remote Sens. PD AUG 10 PY 2005 VL 26 IS 15 BP 3225 EP 3240 DI 10.1080/01431160512331338032 PG 16 WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 959SN UT WOS:000231539700007 ER PT J AU Wang, G Gertner, G Anderson, AB AF Wang, G Gertner, G Anderson, AB TI Sampling design and uncertainty based on spatial variability of spectral variables for mapping vegetation cover SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID REMOTE-SENSING INVESTIGATIONS; GROUND-BASED RADIOMETRY; SOIL PROPERTIES; REGIONALIZED VARIABLES; OPTIMAL INTERPOLATION; LOCAL ESTIMATION; MODEL; STRATEGY; SCHEMES; PROGRAM AB Optimal sampling design for collecting ground data is critical in order to accurately map vegetation cover using remotely sensed data. Traditional simple random sampling often leads to a duplication of information and to a larger sample than is required. An optimal sampling grid spacing based on regionalized variable theory can greatly reduce the number of sample plots needed given a precision level for a study area. However, this method requires a set of ground data that exists or can be obtained via a pilot survey in order to derive a semivariogram for measuring the spatial variability of the variable of interest. In this study, we first developed a method to estimate the semivariogram of a ground or primary variable-vegetation cover from remotely sensed data instead of ground data-and then used it for determining optimal grid spacing for sampling the primary variable. The method developed can avoid the need for a pilot survey to obtain a ground dataset that has a good spatial distribution of plots and can be used to calculate the unbiased semivariogram of the ground variable when unbiased historical data are not available. This can reduce the total cost of collection of ground data. The accuracy of mapping vegetation cover based on this approach was compared to that generated with simple random sampling. A simple sensitivity analysis was conducted. The results show that this new method is very promising for determining optimal sampling grid spacing for estimating regional averages. When it is applied to determining sampling grid spacing for local estimation, a high correlation between vegetation cover and spectral variables is required. C1 Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. USA, Construct Engn Res Lab, Corps Engineers, Champaign, IL 61824 USA. RP Gertner, G (reprint author), Univ Illinois, W503 Turner Hall,1102 S Goodwin Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM gertner@uiuc.edu NR 28 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 7 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0143-1161 J9 INT J REMOTE SENS JI Int. J. Remote Sens. PD AUG 10 PY 2005 VL 26 IS 15 BP 3255 EP 3274 DI 10.1080/01431160500114748 PG 20 WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 959SN UT WOS:000231539700009 ER PT J AU Salerno, SM Jackson, JL Berbano, EP AF Salerno, SM Jackson, JL Berbano, EP TI Effect of oral pseudoephedrine on blood pressure and heart rate - A meta-analysis SO ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID SEASONAL ALLERGIC RHINITIS; CLINICAL-TRIALS; HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS; PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE; COMBINATION; TRIPROLIDINE; TERFENADINE; EXERCISE; DECONGESTANTS; IMPAIRMENT AB Oral pseudoephedrine is commonly used to treat symptoms of rhinitis and rhinorrhea, but its effect on blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) remains uncertain. We assessed whether pseudoephedrine causes clinically meaningful elevations in HR or BP. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library for English-language, randomized placebo-controlled trials of oral pseudoephedrine treatment in adults. The primary data extracted were systolic BP (SBP), diastolic BP (DBP), and HR. Study quality was assessed using the methods of Jadad, and data were synthesized using a random-effects model and weighted mean differences. Twenty-four trials had extractable vital sign information (45 treatment arms; 1285 patients). Pseudoephedrine caused a small but significant increase in SBP (0.99, mm Hg; 95% CI, 0.08 to 1.90) and HR (2.83 beats/min; 95% CI, 2.0 to 3.6), with no effect on DBP (0.63 mm Hg, 95% CI, -0.10 to 1.35). The effect in patients with controlled hypertension demonstrated an SBP increase of similar magnitude (1.20 mm Hg; 95% CI, 0.56 to 1.84 mm Hg). Higher doses and immediate-release preparations were associated with greater BP increases. Studies with more women had less effect on BP or HR. Shorter duration of use was associated with greater increases in SBP and DBP. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, MCHKDM, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Salerno, SM (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, MCHKDM, I Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. EM smsalerno@mindspring.com NR 40 TC 21 Z9 23 U1 2 U2 19 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-9926 J9 ARCH INTERN MED JI Arch. Intern. Med. PD AUG 8 PY 2005 VL 165 IS 15 BP 1686 EP 1694 DI 10.1001/archinte.165.15.1686 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 952VW UT WOS:000231034800003 PM 16087815 ER PT J AU Mahoney, CR Taylor, HA Kanarek, RB Samuel, P AF Mahoney, CR Taylor, HA Kanarek, RB Samuel, P TI Effect of breakfast composition on cognitive processes in elementary school children SO PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE breakfast composition; carbohydrate; cognition; memory; attention; children ID ELDERLY HUMANS; BLOOD-GLUCOSE; GLYCEMIC INDEX; YOUNG-ADULTS; PERFORMANCE; MEMORY; CARBOHYDRATE; ATTENTION; ENHANCEMENT; TESTS AB The relationship between breakfast composition and cognitive performance was examined in elementary school children. Two experiments compared the effects of two common U.S. breakfast foods and no breakfast on children's cognition. Using a within-participant design, once a week for 3 weeks, children consumed one of two breakfasts or no breakfast and then completed a battery of cognitive tests. The two breakfasts were instant oatmeal and ready-to-eat cereal, which were similar in energy, but differed in macronutrient composition, processing characteristics, effects on digestion and metabolism, and glycemic score. Results with 9 to 11 year-olds replicated previous findings showing that breakfast intake enhances cognitive performance, particularly on tasks requiring processing of a complex visual display. The results extend previous findings by showing differential effects of breakfast type. Boys and girls showed enhanced spatial memory and girls showed improved short-term memory after consuming oatmeal. Results with 6 to 8 year-olds also showed effects of breakfast type. Younger children bad better spatial memory and better auditory attention and girls exhibited better short-term memory after consuming oatmeal, Due to compositional differences in protein and fiber content, glycemic scores, and rate of digestion, oatmeal may provide a slower and more sustained energy source and consequently result in cognitive enhancement compared to low-fiber high glycemic ready-to-eat cereal. These results have important practical implications, suggesting the importance of what children consume for breakfast before school. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Tufts Univ, Dept Psychol, Medford, MA 02155 USA. Quaker Oats Co, Barrington, IL 60010 USA. RP Mahoney, CR (reprint author), USA, Soldier Ctr, AMSRD-NSC-SS-E, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM caroline.mahoney@natick.army.mil NR 44 TC 95 Z9 102 U1 3 U2 39 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0031-9384 J9 PHYSIOL BEHAV JI Physiol. Behav. PD AUG 7 PY 2005 VL 85 IS 5 BP 635 EP 645 DI 10.1016/j.physbeh.2005.06.023 PG 11 WC Psychology, Biological; Behavioral Sciences SC Psychology; Behavioral Sciences GA 960YL UT WOS:000231629000014 PM 16085130 ER PT J AU Kleinhammes, A Wagner, GW Kulkarni, H Jia, YY Zhang, Q Qin, LC Wu, Y AF Kleinhammes, A Wagner, GW Kulkarni, H Jia, YY Zhang, Q Qin, LC Wu, Y TI Decontamination of 2-chloroethyl ethylsulfide using titanate nanoscrolls SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FORMATION MECHANISM; NANOTUBES; SULFIDES; MUSTARD; GD; VX; HD AB Titanate nanoscrolls, a recently discovered variant of TiO2 nanocrystals, are tested as reactive sorbent for chemical warfare agent (CWA) decontamination. The large surface area of the uncapped tubules provides the desired rapid absorption of the contaminant while water molecules, intrinsic constituents of titanate nanoscrolls, provide the necessary chemistry for hydrolytic reaction. In this study the decomposition of 2-chloroethyl ethylsulfide (CEES), a simulant for the CWA mustard, was monitored using C-13 NMR. The NMR spectra reveal reaction products as expected from the hydrolysis of CEES. This demonstrates that titanate nanoscrolls could potentially be employed as a decontaminant for CWAs. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ N Carolina, Dept Phys & Astron, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. Univ N Carolina, Curriculum Appl & Mat Sci, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Kleinhammes, A (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Phys & Astron, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM kleinham@physics.unc.edu NR 21 TC 70 Z9 70 U1 3 U2 28 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD AUG 5 PY 2005 VL 411 IS 1-3 BP 81 EP 85 DI 10.1016/j.cplett.2005.05.100 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 952CX UT WOS:000230980700016 ER PT J AU Razai, A Garcia-Rodriguez, C Lou, J Geren, IN Forsyth, CM Robles, Y Tsai, R Smith, TJ Smith, LA Siegel, RW Feldhaus, M Marks, JD AF Razai, A Garcia-Rodriguez, C Lou, J Geren, IN Forsyth, CM Robles, Y Tsai, R Smith, TJ Smith, LA Siegel, RW Feldhaus, M Marks, JD TI Molecular evolution of antibody affinity for sensitive detection of botulinum neurotoxin type A SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE yeast display; single chain Fv antibody; molecular evolution; botulinum neurotoxin; affinity ID COLORIMETRIC CAPTURE ELISAS; STRUCTURAL REPERTOIRE; DIRECTED EVOLUTION; FILAMENTOUS PHAGE; VARIABLE DOMAINS; SURFACE DISPLAY; BINDING DOMAIN; LIGHT-CHAINS; ASSOCIATION; LIBRARIES AB Botulism is caused by botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT), the most poisonous substance known. Potential use of BoNT as a biothreat agent has made development of sensitive assays for toxin detection and potent antitoxin for treatment of intoxication a high priority. To improve detection and treatment of botulism, molecular evolution and yeast display were used to increase the affinity of two neutralizing single chain Fv (scFv) antibodies binding BoNT serotype A (BoNT/A). Selection of yeast displayed scFv libraries was performed using methods to select for both increased association rate constant (k(on)) and decreased dissociation rate constants (k(off)). A single cycle of error prone mutagenesis increased the affinity of the 3D12 scFv 45-fold from a K-D of 9.43X10(-10) M to a K-D of 2.1 X 10(-11) M. Affinity of the HuC25 scFv was increased 37-fold from 8.44 X 10(-10) M to 2.26 X 10(-11) M using libraries constructed by both random and site directed mutagenesis. scFv variable region genes were used to construct IgG for use in detection assays and in vivo neutralization studies. While IgG had the same relative increases in affinity as scFv, (35-fold and 81-fold, respectively, for 3D12 and HuC25) higher solution equilibrium binding constants were observed for the IgG, with the 3D12 KD increasing from 6.07 X 10(-11) M to 1.71 X 10(-12) M and the HuC25 K-D increasing from 4.51 X 10(-11) M to 5.54 X 10(-13) M. Affinity increased due to both an increase in k(on), as well as slowing of k(off). Higher affinity antibodies had increased sensitivity, allowing detection of BoNT/A at concentrations as low as 1 X 10(-13) M. The antibodies will also allow testing of the role of affinity in in vivo toxin neutralization and could lead to the generation of more potent antitoxin. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Gen Hosp, Dept Anesthesia & Pharmaceut Chem, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Toxinol Div, Frederick, MD 21701 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Marks, JD (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Gen Hosp, Dept Anesthesia & Pharmaceut Chem, Rm 3C-38,1001 Potrero Ave, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA. EM marksj@anesthesia.ucsf.edu OI Siegel, Robert/0000-0002-0833-5580 FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI53389-01, U01 AI056493] NR 45 TC 89 Z9 93 U1 1 U2 10 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0022-2836 J9 J MOL BIOL JI J. Mol. Biol. PD AUG 5 PY 2005 VL 351 IS 1 BP 158 EP 169 DI 10.1016/j.jmb.2005.06.003 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 949QL UT WOS:000230803100015 PM 16002090 ER PT J AU Zhang, HW Jing, XN Subhash, G Kecskes, LJ Dowding, RJ AF Zhang, HW Jing, XN Subhash, G Kecskes, LJ Dowding, RJ TI Investigation of shear band evolution in amorphous alloys beneath a Vickers indentation SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE shear band; metallic glass; Vickers indentation; hardness; expanding cavity model ID BULK METALLIC-GLASS; INSTRUMENTED INDENTATION; PLASTIC-FLOW; DEFORMATION; NANOINDENTATION; CRYSTALLIZATION; INDENTERS; BEHAVIOR; HARDNESS; SOLIDS AB Shear band formation has been known to be the dominant deformation mechanism at room temperature in bulk metallic glasses. However, many indentation studies have revealed only a few shear bands surrounding the indent on the top surface of the specimen. This small number of shear bands cannot account for the large plastic deformation beneath the indentations. Therefore, a bonded interface technique has been used to observe the slip-steps due to shear bands evolution. Vickers indentations were performed along the interface at increasing loads. At small indentation loads, the plastic deformation was primarily accommodated by semi-circular primary shear bands surrounding the indentation. At higher loads, secondary and tertiary shear bands were formed inside this plastic zone. A modified expanding cavity model was used to predict the plastic zone size characterized by the shear bands and to identify the stress components responsible for the evolution of various types of shear bands. (c) 2005 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Mech Engn Engn Mech, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, AMSRL WM MD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Subhash, G (reprint author), Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Mech Engn Engn Mech, 1400 Townsend Dr, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. EM subhash@mtu.edu RI Kecskes, Laszlo/F-6880-2014; Dowding, Robert/F-1469-2015 OI Kecskes, Laszlo/0000-0002-1342-3729; Dowding, Robert/0000-0002-4763-2131 NR 33 TC 81 Z9 84 U1 1 U2 19 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 53 IS 14 BP 3849 EP 3859 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2005.04.036 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 954US UT WOS:000231181100008 ER PT J AU DeMartini, CSD Dalton, MAJSR Ferringer, T Elston, DM AF DeMartini, CSD Dalton, MAJSR Ferringer, T Elston, DM TI Melan-A/MART-1 positive "pseudonests" in lichenoid inflammatory lesions: An uncommon phenomenon SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DERMATOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID MALIGNANT-MELANOMA; LYMPHOCYTES C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Geisinger Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Danville, PA 17822 USA. Bassett Army Hosp, Dept Pathol, Ft Wainwright, AK USA. RP DeMartini, CSD (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. NR 6 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0193-1091 J9 AM J DERMATOPATH JI Am. J. Dermatopathol. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 27 IS 4 BP 370 EP 371 DI 10.1097/01.dad.0000157446.60118.d9 PG 2 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 960DS UT WOS:000231571000024 PM 16121069 ER PT J AU Walsh, DS Meyers, WM Portaels, F Lane, JE Mongkolsirichaikul, D Hussem, K Gosi, P Myint, KSA AF Walsh, DS Meyers, WM Portaels, F Lane, JE Mongkolsirichaikul, D Hussem, K Gosi, P Myint, KSA TI High rates of apoptosis in human Mycobacterium ulcerans culture-positive Buruli ulcer skin lesions SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID LEPROSY LESIONS; CELL-DEATH; INCREASED EXPRESSION; IMMUNE EVASION; FAS LIGAND; TOXIN; INFECTION; IDENTIFICATION; TUBERCULOSIS; MYCOLACTONE AB Buruli ulcer, a disease caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans, causes ulcerative skin disease likely generated by a toxin that mediates apoptosis. We analyzed paraffin-embedded sections of surgically excised Buruli ulcer lesions (two ulcers and one edematous plaque) and adjacent non-lesional skin samples (n = 9) for apoptosis by an indirect immunofluorescent terminal deoxynucleotide transferase-mediated dUTP-digoxigenin nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay. All samples were stained for acid-fast bacilli (AFB) and cultured for mycobacteria, and most were analyzed with an M. ulcerans-specific diagnostic polymerase chain reaction (PCR). TUNEL (+) bodies were numerous in both ulcers and the plaque, and sparse or absent in adjacent non-lesional skin. The AFB tissue stains and cultures for M. ulcerans were positive only in the three lesions. The result of the PCR for M. ulcerans was positive in all three lesions and in four of six non-lesional tissue samples; three contained sparse TUNEL (+) bodies. An abundance of TUNEL (+) bodies in the three AFB stain (+), culture (+), and PCR (+) Buruli ulcer lesional samples, but not in nearby AFB stain (-), culture (-), and PCR (+) non-lesional skin samples, strengthen the evidence that apoptosis is an important tissue destruction mechanism in human lesions closely associated with viable M. ulcerans. C1 Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dermatol Serv, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Microbiol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. Inst Trop Med, Mycobacteriol Unit, B-2000 Antwerp, Belgium. Med Coll Georgia, Dept Med, Dermatol Sect, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, USA Med Component, Dept Immunol & Med, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Virol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. RP Walsh, DS (reprint author), Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dermatol Serv, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. EM douglas.walsh@se.amedd.army.mil; wmekmeyers@erols.com; portaels@itg.be; joshua.lane@lycos.com; GosiP@afrims.org; MyintK@afrims.org NR 31 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 73 IS 2 BP 410 EP 415 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 956BA UT WOS:000231272700035 PM 16103613 ER PT J AU Waibel, KH Katial, RK AF Waibel, KH Katial, RK TI Effect of topical vapocoolant spray on skin test wheal, flare, and pain responses SO ANNALS OF ALLERGY ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ETHYL CHLORIDE; ANESTHESIA; ALLERGEN; CHILDREN AB Background: Skin puncture and intradermal tests are commonly used to evaluate allergic rhinitis. Ethyl chloride, a topical vapocoolant spray, provides skin analgesia before venipuncture, but it has not been studied with allergy skin testing. Objective: To determine the effects of ethyl chloride vs placebo on skin puncture testing (SPT) and intradermal allergy testing. Methods: We enrolled 20 healthy adults with a history of positive aeroallergen skin test results in a randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled study. Ethyl chloride and placebo sprays were randomly placed on the upper back. Paired SPT was performed with saline, histamine, and standardized aeroallergens, including Bermuda grass, Kentucky blue grass, timothy grass, cat, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, and Dermatophagoides farinae. Serial dilutional end-point intradermal tests were then performed using 1 standardized aeroallergen. Wheal and flare areas were outlined, scanned, and digitally measured. Participants used a 10-cm visual analog scale to record pain during skin testing. Results: Eighteen individuals completed the study. Compared with placebo, ethyl chloride had no significant effect on histamine wheal (P = .53), histamine flare (P = .39), aeroallergen wheal (P =. 10), or aeroallergen flare (P = .71) area for SPT. Serial dilutional end-point intradermal testing was similar after ethyl chloride and placebo application (P = .75). Mean pain scores for SPT were improved with ethyl chloride compared with paired placebo skin tests, although pain scores did not reach significance for SPT (P = .21) or intradermal testing (P = .87). Conclusions: Ethyl chloride does not significantly reduce histamine and aeroallergen wheal and flare areas during SPT and intradermal allergy skin testing. Ethyl chloride, vs placebo, reduced pain in some individuals during skin testing, although this did not attain statistical significance. C1 Dwight D Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Allergy & Immunol Serv, Dept Med, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. Natl Jewish Med & Res Ctr, Div Allergy & Immunol, Denver, CO USA. RP Waibel, KH (reprint author), Dwight D Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Allergy & Immunol Serv, Dept Med, 300 Hosp Rd,8th Floor, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. EM kirk.waibel@se.amedd.army.mil NR 14 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMER COLL ALLERGY ASTHMA IMMUNOLOGY PI ARLINGTON HTS PA 85 WEST ALGONQUIN RD SUITE 550, ARLINGTON HTS, IL 60005 USA SN 1081-1206 J9 ANN ALLERG ASTHMA IM JI Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 95 IS 2 BP 149 EP 153 PG 5 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 956YB UT WOS:000231334900009 PM 16136764 ER PT J AU Mui, EJ Jacobus, D Milhous, WK Schiehser, G Hsu, HH Roberts, CW Kirisits, MJ McLeod, R AF Mui, EJ Jacobus, D Milhous, WK Schiehser, G Hsu, HH Roberts, CW Kirisits, MJ McLeod, R TI Triazine inhibits Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites in vitro and in vivo SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID DIHYDROFOLATE-REDUCTASE; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; ANTIFOLATE RESISTANCE; PYRIMETHAMINE; CYCLOGUANIL; MALARIA; WR99210; ANTIMALARIAL; COMBINATION; ANALOGS AB The triazine WR99210 [4,6-diamino-1,2-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-l-(2,4,5-trichlorophenoxypropyloxy)-1,3,5 triazinel inhibits Toxoplasma gondii in vitro at nanomolar levels (P < 0.05). The 50% inhibitory concentration IC50) was approximately 50 nM. It is a potent inhibitor in vitro and is also effective in vivo. Administration of WR99210 parenterally (i.e., intraperitoneally) reduced the mean number of RH strain tachyzoites present in peritoneal fluid substantially 4 days after intraperitoneal infection of mice. There was a mean of approximately 35 million parasites in control mice as contrasted with approximately 2 million parasites in mice treated with 1.25 mg WR99210/kg of body weight in a representative experiment (P < 0.05). In addition the prodrug PS-15 N'-[3-(2,4, 5-trichlorophenoxy)propyloxyl-N9-(I-methylethyl) imidocarbonimidicdiamide is converted to 4,6-diamino-1,2-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-l-(2,4,5-trichlorophenoxypropyloxy)-1,3,5 triazine in vivo when the prodrug is administered orally. PS-15 administered by gavage also reduced intraperitoneal RH strain T. gondii tachyzoite numbers. WR99210 has high efficacy and relatively low toxicity because of its substantial effect on T. gondii dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) but not the mammalian host DHFR. Amino acid sequences of T. gondii, Plasmodium falciparum, and Homo sapiens DHFRs were compared. It is of interest that of the DHFR amino acids considered to be interacting with WR99210 in P. falciparum within interatomic distances within 3 to 5 1, four of eight were shared with T. grondii DHFR. H. sapiens also shared four amino acids thought to be interacting with WR99210. Efficacy of intraperitoneal administration of VVR99210 and peroral administration of PS-15 demonstrate the potential usefulness of this class of compounds in treatment of toxoplasmosis administered either parenterally or perorally. The recent development program for this class of antimicrobials as antimalarials makes our proof of principle of improved efficacy of triazines (compared with the gold standard treatment, pyrimethamine) against T. gondii especially promising. C1 Univ Chicago, Dept Ophthalmol & Visual Sci, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Jacobus Pharmaceut Princeton, Princeton, NJ USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Bethesda, MD USA. Univ Strathclyde, Dept Immunol, Strathclyde Inst Biomed Sci, Glasgow G1 1XQ, Lanark, Scotland. RP McLeod, R (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Dept Ophthalmol & Visual Sci, 5841 S Maryland Ave MC2114,AMB S-208, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. EM rmcleod@midway.uchicago.edu RI Roberts, Craig/B-8016-2008 OI Roberts, Craig/0000-0002-0653-835X FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI043228, R01 AI43228] NR 15 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 49 IS 8 BP 3463 EP 3467 DI 10.1128/AAC.49.8.3463-3467.2005 PG 5 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 951SI UT WOS:000230950700052 PM 16048961 ER PT J AU Noedl, H Bronnert, J Yingyuen, K Herwig, BA Attlmayr, B Kollaritsch, H Fukuda, M AF Noedl, H Bronnert, J Yingyuen, K Herwig, BA Attlmayr, B Kollaritsch, H Fukuda, M TI Simple histidine-rich protein 2 double-site sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for use in malaria drug sensitivity testing SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM AB A simple double-site sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for Plasmodium falciparum in vitro drug sensitivity tests based on measuring histidine-rich protein 2 (HRP2) is presented. The ELISA uses two commercial monoclonal antibodies and provides a drastically cheaper alternative to the test kits previously used in the HRP2 drug sensitivity test. The assay is simple to establish and perform. The sensitivity is comparable and the drug sensitivity results very closely match those obtained with the commercial ELISA kits (R-2 = 0.979; P < 0.001; mean log difference at the 50% inhibitory concentration = 0.07). C1 Med Univ Vienna, Dept Specif Prophylaxis & Trop Med, A-1095 Vienna, Austria. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Immunol & Med, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Schiffahrtmed Inst Marine, Angewandte Trop Med & Infekt Epidemiol, D-24119 Kronshagen, Germany. RP Noedl, H (reprint author), Med Univ Vienna, Dept Specif Prophylaxis & Trop Med, Kinderspitalgasse 15, A-1095 Vienna, Austria. EM harald.noedl@univie.ac.at OI Kollaritsch, Herwig/0000-0001-6393-516X NR 6 TC 84 Z9 86 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 49 IS 8 BP 3575 EP 3577 DI 10.1128/AAC-49.8.3575-3577.2005 PG 3 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 951SI UT WOS:000230950700079 PM 16048989 ER PT J AU Hines, HB Lebeda, F Hale, M Brueggemann, EE AF Hines, HB Lebeda, F Hale, M Brueggemann, EE TI Characterization of botulinum progenitor toxins by mass spectrometry SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NONTOXIC-NONHEMAGGLUTININ COMPONENT; LASER-DESORPTION IONIZATION; CLOSTRIDIUM-BOTULINUM; MOLECULAR COMPOSITION; NEUROTOXIN COMPLEX; TETANUS TOXIN; HEMAGGLUTININ; SEQUENCES; STRAIN; GENES AB Botulinum toxin analysis has renewed importance. This study included the use of nanochromatography-nanoelectrospray-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry to characterize the protein composition of botulinum progenitor toxins and to assign botulinum progenitor toxins to their proper serotype and strain by using currently available sequence information. Clostridium botulinum progenitor toxins from strains Hall, Okra, Stockholm, MDPH, Alaska, and Langeland and 89 representing serotypes A through G, respectively, were reduced, alkylated, digested with trypsin, and identified by matching the processed product ion spectra of the tryptic peptides to proteins in accessible databases. All proteins known to be present in progenitor toxins from each serotype were identified. Additional proteins, including flagellins, ORF-X1, and neurotoxin binding protein, not previously reported to be associated with progenitor toxins, were present also in samples from several serotypes. Protein identification was used to assign toxins to a serotype and strain. Serotype assignments were accurate, and strain assignments were best when either sufficient nucleotide or amino acid sequence data were available. Minor difficulties were encountered using neurotoxin-associated protein identification for assigning serotype and strain. This study found that combined nanoscale chromatographic and mass spectrometric techniques can characterize C. botulinum progenitor toxin protein composition and that serotype/strain assignments based upon these proteins can provide accurate serotype and, in most instances, strain assignments using currently available information. Assignment accuracy will continue to improve as more nucleotide/amino acid sequence information becomes available for different botulinum strains. C1 USA, Dept Biochem & Cell Biol, Toxinol Div, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Hines, HB (reprint author), USA, Dept Biochem & Cell Biol, Toxinol Div, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, 1425 Porter St, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. EM Harry.Hines@det.amedd.army.mil NR 34 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 71 IS 8 BP 4478 EP 4486 DI 10.1128/AEM.71.8.4478-4486.2005 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 954OX UT WOS:000231165500042 PM 16085839 ER PT J AU Schiza, MV Perkins, DL Priore, RJ Setlow, B Setlow, P Bronk, BV Wong, DM Myrick, ML AF Schiza, MV Perkins, DL Priore, RJ Setlow, B Setlow, P Bronk, BV Wong, DM Myrick, ML TI Improved dispersion of bacterial endospores for quantitative infrared sampling on gold coated porous alumina membranes SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy; FTIR microspectroscopy; mid-infrared; MIR; bacterial endospores; alumina membrane; anodisc (TM); anopore (TM); reflectance; absorption cross-section ID FT-IR SPECTROSCOPY; PHOTOACOUSTIC-SPECTROSCOPY; VIBRATIONAL SPECTROSCOPY; BACILLUS-SUBTILIS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; OXIDE MEMBRANE; IDENTIFICATION; FILTERS; MICROORGANISMS; DISCRIMINATION AB An improved method for qualitative and quantitative sampling of bacterial endospores using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) microscopy on gold-coated porous alumina membranes is presented. Bacillus subtilis endospores were filtered onto gold-coated alumina membranes serving as substrates. Studies in the mid-infrared (MIR) region revealed the characteristic bacterial absorption spectrum at low surface concentration, while scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the same samples provided precise calculation of the surface concentration of the bacterial endospores. Under the conditions of study, the average concentration of endospores was determined to be 1356 35 spores in a 100 x 100 mu m(2) area, with a relative standard deviation of 0.0260. Examination of ten random spots on multiple substrates with FT-IR microscopy apertured to the same area gave an average relative standard deviation of 0.0482 in the signal strength of the amide A band at 3278 cm(-1). An extinction cross-section in reflection of sigma(ext) = (7.8 +/- 0.6) x 10(-9) cm(2)/endospore was calculated for the amide A band at the frequency of its peak absorbance, 3278 cm-(1). The absorption cross-section of the amide A band in reflection is estimated to be sigma(abs) = (2.10 +/- 0.12) x 10(-9) cm(2)/endospore. C1 Sci & Technol Corp, Hampton, VA 23666 USA. Univ S Carolina, Dept Chem & Biochem, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Univ Connecticut, Ctr Hlth, Dept Mol Microbial & Struct Biol, Farmington, CT 06030 USA. USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Chem, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP Myrick, ML (reprint author), Sci & Technol Corp, 10 Basil Sawyer Dr, Hampton, VA 23666 USA. EM myrick@sc.edu OI Myrick, Michael/0000-0002-6905-0925 NR 38 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 6 PU SOC APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY PI FREDERICK PA 201B BROADWAY ST, FREDERICK, MD 21701 USA SN 0003-7028 J9 APPL SPECTROSC JI Appl. Spectrosc. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 59 IS 8 BP 1068 EP 1074 DI 10.1366/0003702054615188 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy GA 954DM UT WOS:000231134300016 PM 16105218 ER PT J AU Lotufo, GR Lydy, MJ AF Lotufo, GR Lydy, MJ TI Comparative toxicokinetics of explosive compounds in sheepshead minnows SO ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CATFISH ICTALURUS-PUNCTATUS; FRESH-WATER AMPHIPODS; TRINITROTOLUENE TNT; HEXAHYDRO-1,3,5-TRINITRO-1,3,5-TRIAZINE RDX; PARTITION-COEFFICIENT; CHIRONOMUS-TENTANS; AQUATIC ORGANISMS; HYALELLA-AZTECA; FATHEAD MINNOW; TOXICITY AB Juvenile sheepshead minnows Cyprinodon variegatus were exposed to the explosive compounds 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene ( TNT), hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX), octahydro - 1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX) and to the TNT transformation products 2-aminodinitrotoluene (2-ADNT) and 2,4-diaminonitrotoluene (2,4-DANT) in five separate water-only experiments. A one-compartment model was used to characterize uptake (k(u)) and elimination (k(e)) rate constants and to estimate bioconcentration factors (BCFs). The compounds investigated in this study are weakly hydrophobic. Kinetically derived BCFs (9.6, 13.1, 0.5, 1.7, and 0.5 ml g(-1) for TNT, 2-ADNT, 2,4-DANT, RDX, and HMX, respectively) confirmed the expected low bioaccumulative potential of those compounds and the positive relationship between log BCF and log K-ow (1.6, 2.0, 0.8, 0.9, and 0.2 for TNT, 2-ADNT, 2,4-DANT, RDX, and HMX, respectively). The uptake clearance (k(u)) was relatively slow for all compounds (7.3, 12.6, 1.3, 0.15, and 0.06 ml g(-1) h(-1) for TNT, 2-ADNT, 2,4-DANT, RDX, and HMX, respectively), and overall, it decreased with decreasing compound hydrophobicity. Elimination was extremely fast for the nitroaromatic compounds (0.77, 0.96, and 2.74 h(-1) for TNT, 2-ADNT, and 2,4-DANT, respectively), thus resulting in very short biological half-lives (< 1 hour), but it was much slower for the cyclonitramines (0.09 h(-1) for RDX and 0.12 h(-1) for HMX). Although ADNTs were present in fish exposed to TNT, the parent compound was the dominant compound in tissues during the uptake and elimination exposures. The rates of metabolite formation (0.06 h(-1)) and elimination (0.16 h(-1)) were much slower than the rate of elimination of the parent compound (0.80 h(-1)). Because of the fast elimination rate of TNT and its transformation products and the exceedingly low bioaccumulative potential of RDX and HMX, exposure conditions likely associated with the presence of explosives in aquatic systems are unlikely to pose unacceptable risks to fish. C1 So Illinois Univ, Fisheries & Illinois Aquaculture Ctr, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA. USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. So Illinois Univ, Dept Zool, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA. RP Lydy, MJ (reprint author), So Illinois Univ, Fisheries & Illinois Aquaculture Ctr, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA. EM mlydy@siu.edu NR 44 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0090-4341 J9 ARCH ENVIRON CON TOX JI Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 49 IS 2 BP 206 EP 214 DI 10.1007/s00244-004-0197-7 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 965GK UT WOS:000231938400010 PM 16059748 ER PT J AU Kragh, JF Branstetter, JG AF Kragh, JF Branstetter, JG TI Suture holes in anterior cruciate ligament bone-patellar tendon-bone grafts SO ARTHROSCOPY-THE JOURNAL OF ARTHROSCOPIC AND RELATED SURGERY LA English DT Article DE arthroscopy; anterior cruciate ligament; reconstruction; graft; knee AB Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with a bone-patellar tendon-bone graft is a common and technically demanding surgery. Traditional preparation of the femoral bone plug includes 2 transcortical holes with leading sutures to pull the graft into the knee. The pull of the sutures and patellar tendon are not colinear with the bone plug and femoral socket. The bone plug tilts, thus impairing passage into the femoral socket. A new preparation technique was devised that, by changing the location of the suture holes, decreases graft tilting and improves passage. In our study, traditional and new techniques of femoral bone plug preparation were investigated by force diagramming and then graft modeling. Bone plug tilting was caused by the trailing pull of the patellar tendon eccentric to the plug and socket. By preparing the femoral bone plug with a diametric, transverse trailing suture hole, the plug became colinear with the femoral socket for easier passage. The new technique was then surgically implemented with straighter and faster graft passage. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Extrem Trauma Study Branch, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Orthopaed Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. RP Kragh, JF (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, Extrem Trauma Study Branch, 3600 Rawley E Chambers Ave,Room 292-1,Bldg 3611, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM john.kragh@amedd.army.mil NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0749-8063 J9 ARTHROSCOPY JI Arthroscopy PD AUG PY 2005 VL 21 IS 8 AR e3 DI 10.1016/j.arthro.2005.04.097 PG 5 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA 962JW UT WOS:000231728700021 ER PT J AU Castellani, JW Francis, JR Stulz, DA DeLany, JP Hoyt, RW Bovill, ME Young, AJ AF Castellani, JW Francis, JR Stulz, DA DeLany, JP Hoyt, RW Bovill, ME Young, AJ TI Body fluid regulation in a simulated disabled submarine: Effects of cold, reduced O-2, and elevated CO2 SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE aldosterone; atrial natriuretic peptide; plasma renin activity; urine ID SUBARCTIC SURVIVAL SITUATIONS; ENERGY-EXPENDITURE; CONSCIOUS DOGS; LABELED WATER; DIURESIS; HUMANS; PLASMA; IMMERSION; RESPONSES; EXPOSURE AB Introduction: Survivors awaiting rescue aboard a disabled submarine (DISSUB) lacking power and/or environmental control would potentially be exposed to cold and reduced O-2 and elevated CO2 levels. We hypothesized that elevated CO2 levels would lead to hormone changes that would mitigate cold and hypoxia-induced body fluid losses. Methods: Blood was drawn from seven men on three mornings: baseline (21% O-2, 0.05% CO2), after 4 d of low O-2, cold, and high CO2 (T101; 4 degrees C, 16.75% O-2, 2.5% CO2), and following acute withdrawal of cold and high CO2 (T-173, 16.75% O-2, 0.05% CO2). Total body water (TBW) was measured using deuterium oxide dilution at baseline and at T148. Hormone analyses included atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), aldosterone (ALDO), and plasma renin activity (PRA). Results: TBW decreased by 0.4 +/- 0.4 L. Water turnover was 3.0 +/- 0.5 L center dot d(-1). ANP (pg center dot ml(-1)) was lower (p < 0.05) at T101 (3.46 +/- 1.17) and T-173 (4.97 +/- 2.28) vs. baseline (8.19 +/- 3.40). PRA (pg center dot ml(-1)) was higher (p < 0.05) at T101 (10.43 +/- 4.90) and T173 (14.23 +/- 4.48) vs. baseline (6.81 +/- 3.43). ALDO, serum osmolality, and electrolytes were not different across time. Urine flow was lower at T101 and T173 vs. baseline, and urine osmotic clearance was lower at T173 vs. baseline. Free water clearance did not change across time. Discussion: These data indicate that the combination of cold, low O-2, and high CO2 for 5-7 d did not change total body water and hormone changes and urinary measures across the DISSUB were consistent with fluid retention. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Pennington Biomed Res Ctr, Baton Rouge, LA USA. Naval Submarine Med Res Lab, Groton, CT USA. RP Castellani, JW (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, 42 Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM john.castellani@na.amedd.army.mil NR 28 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 76 IS 8 BP 753 EP 759 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 950MM UT WOS:000230861400007 PM 16110691 ER PT J AU Grachev, AA Fairall, CW Persson, POG Andreas, EL Guest, PS AF Grachev, AA Fairall, CW Persson, POG Andreas, EL Guest, PS TI Stable boundary-layer scaling regimes: The Sheba data SO BOUNDARY-LAYER METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Arctic; Coriolis effect; Ekman layer; Monin-Obukhov similarity theory; Richardson number; stable boundary layer ID ATMOSPHERIC SURFACE-LAYER; FLUX-GRADIENT RELATIONSHIPS; INHOMOGENEOUS LAND-SURFACE; TURBULENCE CHARACTERISTICS; PROFILE RELATIONSHIPS; HEAT-BUDGET; WEDDELL SEA; ICE; TEMPERATURE; SIMILARITY AB Turbulent and mean meteorological data collected at five levels on a 20-m tower over the Arctic pack ice during the Surface Heat Budget of the Arctic Ocean experiment (SHEBA) are analyzed to examine different regimes of the stable boundary layer (SBL). Eleven months of measurements during SHEBA cover a wide range of stability conditions, from the weakly unstable regime to very stable stratification. Scaling arguments and our analysis show that the SBL can be classified into four major regimes: (i) surface-layer scaling regime (weakly stable case), (ii) transition regime, (iii) turbulent Ekman layer, and (iv) intermittently turbulent Ekman layer (supercritical stable regime). These four regimes may be considered as the basic states of the traditional SBL. Sometimes these regimes, especially the last two, can be markedly perturbed by gravity waves, detached elevated turbulence ('upside down SBL'), and inertial oscillations. Traditional Monin-Obukhov similarity theory works well in the weakly stable regime. In the transition regime, Businger-Dyer formulations work if scaling variables are re-defined in terms of local fluxes, although stability function estimates expressed in these terms include more scatter compared to the surface-layer scaling. As stability increases, the near-surface turbulence is affected by the turning effects of the Coriolis force (the turbulent Ekman layer). In this regime, the surface layer, where the turbulence is continuous, may be very shallow (< 5 m). Turbulent transfer near the critical Richardson number is characterized by small but still significant heat flux and negligible stress. The supercritical stable regime, where the Richardson number exceeds a critical value, is associated with collapsed turbulence and the strong influence of the earth's rotation even near the surface. In the limit of very strong stability, the stress is no longer a primary scaling parameter. C1 NOAA, Environm Technol Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. Univ Colorado Boulder, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO USA. Russian Acad Sci, AM Obukhov Inst Atmospher Phys, Moscow, Russia. USA, Army Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH USA. Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. RP NOAA, Environm Technol Lab, R-ET6,325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. EM Andrey.Grachev@noaa.gov OI GRACHEV, ANDREY/0000-0002-7143-0820 NR 75 TC 97 Z9 98 U1 1 U2 16 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8314 EI 1573-1472 J9 BOUND-LAY METEOROL JI Bound.-Layer Meteor. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 116 IS 2 BP 201 EP 235 DI 10.1007/s10546-004-2729-0 PG 35 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 969AA UT WOS:000232204600005 ER PT J AU Brennan, LM Toussaint, MW Kumsher, DM Dennis, WE Rosencrance, AB Brown, C van der Schalie, WH Gardner, HS AF Brennan, LM Toussaint, MW Kumsher, DM Dennis, WE Rosencrance, AB Brown, C van der Schalie, WH Gardner, HS TI Developmental toxicity of drinking water disinfection by-products to embryos of the African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis) SO BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TRIHALOMETHANES; EXPOSURES; SUPPLIES C1 GEO CENTERS, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Ctr Environm Hlth Res, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Brennan, LM (reprint author), GEO CENTERS, 568 Doughten Dr, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. FU NIEHS NIH HHS [Y1-ES-7096-02, Y1-ES-8051-02] NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0007-4861 J9 B ENVIRON CONTAM TOX JI Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 75 IS 2 BP 361 EP 367 DI 10.1007/s00128-005-0762-4 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 966PK UT WOS:000232032900023 PM 16222511 ER PT J AU Shorr, AF Kollef, MH AF Shorr, AF Kollef, MH TI Levofloxacin for treatment of ventilator-associated pneumonia: Putting the cart before the horse - Response SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Barnes Jewish Hosp, Med Intens Care Unit, St Louis, MO USA. Washington Univ, Sch Med, St Louis, MO USA. RP Shorr, AF (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM afshorr@dnamail.com NR 4 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD AUG 1 PY 2005 VL 41 IS 3 BP 415 EP 416 DI 10.1086/431771 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 942TK UT WOS:000230305300028 ER PT J AU Spooner, K Barthel, RV Robertson, J Merritt, T Bradley, W Taylor-Means, S Crum, N Armstrong, A Agan, B AF Spooner, K Barthel, RV Robertson, J Merritt, T Bradley, W Taylor-Means, S Crum, N Armstrong, A Agan, B TI Azithromcyin might not protect against Treponema pallidum infection or reactivation in HIV type 1-infected patients SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Tri Serv AIDS Clin Consortium, Rockville, MD USA. RP Spooner, K (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Bldg 2,Ward 63,6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM katherine.spooner@na.amedd.army.mil NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD AUG 1 PY 2005 VL 41 IS 3 BP 420 EP 420 DI 10.1086/431772 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 942TK UT WOS:000230305300033 ER PT J AU James, B Chandler, NC Quarless, SA AF James, B Chandler, NC Quarless, SA TI Extraosseous uptake of Tc-99m MDP along the radiation therapy port for recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the lung SO CLINICAL NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material DE extraosseous Tc-99m MDP; radiation therapy ID SOFT-TISSUE UPTAKE AB A 73-year-old woman with a history of squamous cell carcinoma of the lung was referred for a follow-up metastatic bone survey. Focal extraosseous accumulation of Tc-99m MDP was identified in the right, paraspinal region, along the radiation therapy port. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP James, B (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Tripler, HI 96859 USA. EM bruce.l.james@us.army.mil NR 8 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0363-9762 J9 CLIN NUCL MED JI Clin. Nucl. Med. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 30 IS 8 BP 555 EP 557 DI 10.1097/01.rlu.0000170042.33387.30 PG 3 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 947GL UT WOS:000230631300008 PM 16024954 ER PT J AU Malik, JA Rubal, BJ Clarke, GD Dick, EJ Ward, JA Harris, RA AF Malik, JA Rubal, BJ Clarke, GD Dick, EJ Ward, JA Harris, RA TI Use and limitations of magnetic resonance phase-contrast assessment of coronary flow reserve in a model of collateral dependence SO COMPARATIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID POSITRON-EMISSION-TOMOGRAPHY; MYOCARDIAL BLOOD-FLOW; DOPPLER GUIDE-WIRE; BREATH-HOLD; NONINVASIVE DETERMINATION; STENOSIS SEVERITY; VELOCITY; SWINE; HUMANS; ANGIOPLASTY AB Phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (PC-MRI) is useful for assessing coronary artery flow reserves (CFR) in man and acute animal models with intermediate coronary lesions. The present study examines the use of PC-MRI for assessing CFR in a model with critical stenosis and collateral dependence. PC-MRI quantitative flow measurements from the proximal left anterior descending (LAD) and left circumflex (LCX) coronary arteries were compared with myocardial tissue perfusion reserve measurements (microsphere techniques) after placement of a 2.25-mm ameroid constrictor on the proximal LCX in a porcine model; measurements were obtained at implantation (n = 4) and at 3 to 4 weeks (n = 4) and 6 weeks (n = 5) postimplantation. CFR is defined as the ratio of maximal hyperemic flow to baseline flow. Hyperemia was induced using intravenous adenosine (140 mg/kg/min). Collateral dependence in the LCX distribution was evidenced by angiographic findings of critical stenosis with minimal myocardial histological changes and normal baseline myocardial perfusion (microsphere techniques). In this setting, PC-MRI CFR was correlated with microsphere measures of perfusion reserve. Collateral dependence was confirmed by Evan's blue dye injection. This study provides angiographic, myocardial perfusion, and histological correlates associated with PC-MRI epicardial CFR changes during chronic, progressive coronary artery constriction. It also demonstrates the disparity between epicardial and myocardial measures of coronary flow reserve with collateral dependence and the caveats for PC-MRI use in models of progressive coronary constriction. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Clarke, GD (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RI Clarke, Geoffrey/F-5302-2010 NR 38 TC 3 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI MEMPHIS PA 9190 CRESTWYN HILLS DR, MEMPHIS, TN 38125 USA SN 1532-0820 J9 COMPARATIVE MED JI Comparative Med. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 55 IS 4 BP 317 EP 325 PG 9 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 961LI UT WOS:000231663500003 PM 16158907 ER PT J AU Cooke, WH Convertino, VA AF Cooke, WH Convertino, VA TI Cardiovascular consequences of weightlessness promote advances in clinical and trauma care SO CURRENT PHARMACEUTICAL BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review DE microgravity; autonomic nervous system; orthostatic intolerance; combat casualty care; hemorrhagic shock ID BODY NEGATIVE-PRESSURE; INSPIRATORY IMPEDANCE THRESHOLD; SHORT-DURATION SPACEFLIGHT; POSTSPACEFLIGHT ORTHOSTATIC HYPOTENSION; NEURALLY-MEDIATED SYNCOPE; HEART-RATE-VARIABILITY; CARDIOPULMONARY-RESUSCITATION; VASCULAR-RESISTANCE; BLOOD-PRESSURE; SPACE-FLIGHT AB Cardiovascular adaptations driven by exposure to weightlessness cause some. astronauts to experience orthostatic intolerance upon return to Earth. Maladaptations of spaceflight that lead to hemodynamic instability are temporary, and therefore astronauts provide for researchers a powerful model to study cardiovascular dysfunction in terrestrial patients. Orthostatic intolerance in astronauts is linked to changes' in the autonomic control of cardiovascular function, and so patients that suffer neurocardiogenic syncope may benefit from a greater understanding of the effects of spaceflight on the autonomic nervous system. In addition, appropriate autonomic compensation is fundamental to the maintenance of stable arterial pressures and brain blood flow in patients suffering traumatic bleeding injuries. The application of lower body negative pressure (LBNP), an experimental procedure used widely in aerospace physiology, induces autonomic and hemodynamic responses that are similar to actual hemorrhage and therefore may emerge as a useful experimental tool to simulate hemorrhage in humans. Observations that standing astronauts and severely injured patients are challenged to maintain venous return has contributed to the development of an inspiratory impedance threshold device that serves as a controlled "Mueller maneuver" and has the potential to reduce orthostatic intolerance in returning astronauts and slow the progression to hemorrhagic shock in bleeding patients. In this review, we focus on describing new concepts that have arisen from studies of astronauts, patients, and victims of trauma, and highlight the necessity of developing the capability of monitoring medical information continuously and remotely. Remote medical monitoring will be essential for long-duration space missions and has the potential to save lives on the battlefield and in the civilian sector. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Cooke, WH (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave,Bld 3611, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM william.cooke@amedd.army.mil NR 103 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD PI SHARJAH PA EXECUTIVE STE Y26, PO BOX 7917, SAIF ZONE, 1200 BR SHARJAH, U ARAB EMIRATES SN 1389-2010 J9 CURR PHARM BIOTECHNO JI Curr. Pharm. Biotechnol. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 6 IS 4 BP 285 EP 297 DI 10.2174/1389201054553671 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 951FA UT WOS:000230913300004 PM 16101467 ER PT J AU Folen, RA AF Folen, RA TI Is virtual reality better than non-virtual reality clinical applications? A discussion of five studies SO CYBERPSYCHOLOGY & BEHAVIOR LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Psychol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. EM raymond.folen@amedd.army.mil NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1094-9313 J9 CYBERPSYCHOL BEHAV JI CyberPsychol. Behav. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 8 IS 4 BP 317 EP 317 PG 1 WC Communication; Psychology, Applied SC Communication; Psychology GA 956KH UT WOS:000231298100031 ER PT J AU Freund, BJ Buller, MJ Latzka, WA Fried, KE AF Freund, BJ Buller, MJ Latzka, WA Fried, KE TI Physiologic monitoring of soldiers: Present and future SO CYBERPSYCHOLOGY & BEHAVIOR LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM beau.freund@us.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1094-9313 J9 CYBERPSYCHOL BEHAV JI CyberPsychol. Behav. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 8 IS 4 BP 317 EP 318 PG 2 WC Communication; Psychology, Applied SC Communication; Psychology GA 956KH UT WOS:000231298100032 ER PT J AU Platteborze, PL Kondig, JP Schoepp, RJ Wasieloski, LP AF Platteborze, PL Kondig, JP Schoepp, RJ Wasieloski, LP TI Comparative sequence analysis of the eastern equine encephalitis virus pathogenic strains FL91-4679 and GA97 to other north american strains SO DNA SEQUENCE LA English DT Article DE Eastern equine encephalitis virus; EEE; RNA genome; live; attenuated vaccine; alphavirus; togavirdae ID ALPHAVIRUSES; EVOLUTION; PROTEINS; WESTERN; RNA AB Eastern equine encephalitis (EEE) virus is a significant public health concern due to the high mortality rates observed in infected humans, equines and game birds. The EEE genomic sequences available prior to this report are based on laboratory strains with unknown passage histories that may contain an array of cell culture adaptations. Here we report the complete genomic sequences of two recently isolated EEE pathogenic strains with low passage histories. FL91-4697 was isolated in Florida from Aedes albopictus mosquitoes and GA97 was derived from brain tissue of a human fatality that occurred in 1997. Sequence alignment of these new genomes with the documented EEE's permitted us to generate a North American consensus sequence and identify regions of significant diversity. Sequence analysis of the FL91-4679 genome was essential to the production of an EEE infectious clone that is being used to create live attenuated vaccine candidates. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Diagnost Syst Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Platteborze, PL (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Forens Toxicol Drug Testing Lab, 1 Jarrett White Rd,MCHK FT Bldg 40, Tripler, HI 96859 USA. EM peter.platteborze@us.army.mil NR 13 TC 3 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI NEW YORK PA 52 VANDERBILT AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1042-5179 J9 DNA SEQUENCE JI DNA Seq. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 16 IS 4 BP 308 EP 320 DI 10.1080/10425170500136889 PG 13 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 968AW UT WOS:000232134200010 PM 16147892 ER PT J AU Daum, LT Shaw, MW Klimov, AI Canas, LC Macias, EA Niemeyer, D Chambers, JP Renthal, R Shrestha, SK Acharya, RP Huzdar, SP Rimal, N Myint, KS Gould, P AF Daum, LT Shaw, MW Klimov, AI Canas, LC Macias, EA Niemeyer, D Chambers, JP Renthal, R Shrestha, SK Acharya, RP Huzdar, SP Rimal, N Myint, KS Gould, P TI Influenza A (H3N2) outbreak, Nepal SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID VIRUS HEMAGGLUTININ; ANTIBODY; PROTEIN; M2 AB In July 2004, an outbreak of influenza A (H3N2) was detected at 3 Bhutanese refugee camps in southeastern Nepal. Hemagglutination inhibition showed that approximate to 40% of the viruses from this outbreak were antigenically distinct from the A/Wyoming/3/03 vaccine strain. Four amino acid differences were observed in most of the 26 isolates compared with the A/Wyoming/3/2003 vaccine strain. All 4 substitutions are located within or adjacent to known antibody-binding sites. Several isolates showed a lysine-to-asparagine substitution at position 145 (K145N) in the hemagglutinin molecule, which may be noteworthy since position 145 is located within a glycosylation site and adjacent to an antibody-binding site. H3N2 viruses continue to drift from the vaccine strain and may remain as the dominant strains during the 2005-2006 influenza season. Thus, the 2005-2006 Northern Hemisphere vaccine strain was changed to A/California/7/2004, a virus with all 4 amino acid substitutions observed in these Nepalese isolates. C1 USAF, Inst Operat Hlth, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. Univ Texas San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78285 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. Walter Reed Army Forces Res Inst, Med Sci Res Unit, Kathmandu, Nepal. Assoc Med Doctors Asia Nepal, Kathmandu, Nepal. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, USA, Med Component, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. RP Daum, LT (reprint author), USAF, Inst Operat Hlth, Bldg 175 W, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. EM Luke.Daum@brooks.af.mil NR 19 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD AUG PY 2005 VL 11 IS 8 BP 1186 EP 1191 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 950RL UT WOS:000230874900004 PM 16102305 ER PT J AU Davis, KA Moran, KA McAllister, CK Gray, PJ AF Davis, KA Moran, KA McAllister, CK Gray, PJ TI Multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter extremity infections in soldiers SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID BLOOD-STREAM INFECTIONS; ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY; CLINICAL-FEATURES; RISK-FACTORS; BAUMANNII; OSTEOMYELITIS; OUTBREAK; EPIDEMIOLOGY; BACTEREMIA; SURVIVAL AB War wound infection and osteomyelitis caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter species have been prevalent during the 2003-2005 military operations in Iraq. Twenty-three soldiers wounded in Iraq and subsequently admitted to our facility from March 2003 to May 2004 had wound cultures positive for Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-baumannii complex. Eighteen had osteomyelitis, 2 burn infection, and 3 deep wound infection. Primary therapy for these infections was directed antimicrobial agents for an average of 6 weeks. All soldiers initially improved, regardless of the specific type of therapy. Patients were followed up to 23 months after completing therapy, and none had recurrent infection with Acinetobacter species. Despite the drug resistance that infecting organisms demonstrated in this series, a regimen of carefully selected extended antimicrobial-drug therapy appears effective for osteomyelitis caused by MDR Acinetobacter soo. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Infect Dis Serv, MCHE,MDI, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78258 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Davis, KA (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Infect Dis Serv, MCHE,MDI, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78258 USA. EM kepler.davis@amedd.army.mil NR 25 TC 158 Z9 168 U1 6 U2 16 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD AUG PY 2005 VL 11 IS 8 BP 1218 EP 1224 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 950RL UT WOS:000230874900009 PM 16102310 ER PT J AU Anderson, AD Smoak, B Shuping, E Ockenhouse, C Petruccelli, B AF Anderson, AD Smoak, B Shuping, E Ockenhouse, C Petruccelli, B TI Q fever and the US military SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Prevent Med, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Ireland Army Community Hosp, Ft Knox, KY USA. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Anderson, AD (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Prevent Med, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM alicia.anderson1@us.army.mil NR 7 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 4 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD AUG PY 2005 VL 11 IS 8 BP 1320 EP 1322 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 950RL UT WOS:000230874900036 PM 16110586 ER PT J AU Ramirez, D Qi, SY Rood, MJ AF Ramirez, D Qi, SY Rood, MJ TI Equilibrium and heat of adsorption for organic vapors and activated carbons SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ISOSTERIC HEAT; FIBER; GAS; MIXTURES AB Determination of the adsorption properties of novel activated carbons is important to develop new air quality control technologies that can solve air quality problems in a more environmentally sustainable manner. Equilibrium adsorption capacities and heats of adsorption are important parameters for process analysis and design. Experimental adsorption isotherms were thus obtained for relevant organic vapors with activated carbon fiber cloth (ACFC) and coal-derived activated carbon adsorbents (CDAC). The Dubinin-Astakhov (DA) equation was used to describe the adsorption isotherms. The DA parameters were analytically and experimentally shown to be temperature independent. The resulting DA equations were used with the Clausius-Clapeyron equation to analytically determine the isosteric heat of adsorption (Delta H-s) of the adsorbate-adsorbent systems studied here. ACFCshowed higher adsorption capacities for organic vapors than CDAC. Delta H-s values for the adsorbates were independent of the temperature for the conditions evaluated. Delta H-s values for acetone and benzene obtained in this study are comparable with values reported in the literature. This is the first time that AHs values for organic vapors and these adsorbents are evaluated with an expression based on the Polanyi adsorption potential and the ClausiusClapeyron equation. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61826 USA. RP Rood, MJ (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 205 N Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM mrood@uiuc.edu RI Qi, Shaoying/A-2837-2008 NR 28 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 4 U2 24 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD AUG 1 PY 2005 VL 39 IS 15 BP 5864 EP 5871 DI 10.1021/es048144r PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 951HI UT WOS:000230919800058 PM 16124327 ER PT J AU Belden, JB Lotufo, GR Lydy, MJ AF Belden, JB Lotufo, GR Lydy, MJ TI Accumulation of hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) and aquatic oligochaetes (Lumbriculus variegatus) SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE RDX; bioconcentration; Ictalurus punctatus; Lumbriculus variegatus; dietary uptake ID TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; RAINBOW-TROUT; TRINITROTOLUENE TNT; CHIRONOMUS-TENTANS; TROPHIC TRANSFER; RDX; EXPLOSIVES; EXPOSURE; DIETARY; 2,4,6-TRINITROTOLUENE AB The extensively used military explosive hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) has been widely released to the environment during production, usage, and disposal operations. Toxic effects of RDX have been reported in terrestrial and aquatic receptors, but investigations regarding the bioaccumulation potential of RDX in aquatic systems are scarce. The objective of the present study was to describe the toxicokinetics of RDX during aqueous exposure for the channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) and aquatic oligochaetes (Lumbriculus variegatus) and to compare the amount of RDX accumulation in juvenile catfish following aqueous exposure only, dietary exposure only, and a combination of dietary and aqueous exposure. The toxicokinetics measurements included bioconcentration factors (BCFs), uptake rates, elimination rates, and biological half-lives. First-order, single-compartment models described the toxicokinetics for both species. Uptake of RDX into oligochaetes was relatively rapid (uptake clearance constant [k(u)] of 5.17 ml/g/h) compared to that in catfish (k(u) = 1.28 ml/g/h). However, elimination also was more rapid in oligochaetes, with biological half-lives of 0.28 and 1.09 h for oligochaetes and catfish, respectively. Thus, both species had very similar estimated BCFs of 2.1 ml/g for oligochaetes and 2.0 ml/g for catfish. Accumulation of RDX in fish that were fed oligochaetes exposed to an exceedingly high water concentration of RDX was minimal. The present investigation indicates that RDX uptake via the aqueous route is the expected dominant uptake pathway, with dietary uptake contributing minimally to the overall body burden in fish inhabiting RDX-contaminated sites. Because of the exceedingly low bioaccumulative potential and low reported toxicity of RDX, the presence of this explosive in aquatic systems is unlikely to pose unacceptable risks to invertebrates and fish. C1 So Illinois Univ, Fisheries & Illinois Aquaculture Ctr, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA. So Illinois Univ, Dept Zool, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA. USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Lydy, MJ (reprint author), So Illinois Univ, Fisheries & Illinois Aquaculture Ctr, Room 173,Life Sci 2, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA. EM mlydy@siu.edu RI Belden, Jason/H-1764-2014 OI Belden, Jason/0000-0002-0432-7700 NR 25 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 6 PU SETAC PI PENSACOLA PA 1010 NORTH 12TH AVE, PENSACOLA, FL 32501-3367 USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 24 IS 8 BP 1962 EP 1967 DI 10.1897/04-477R.1 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 950QX UT WOS:000230873400017 PM 16152968 ER PT J AU Iancu, F Ding, X Cloud, GL Raju, BB AF Iancu, F Ding, X Cloud, GL Raju, BB TI Three-dimensional investigation of thick single-lap bolted joints SO EXPERIMENTAL MECHANICS LA English DT Article DE mechanical fastening; single-lap bolted joint; FEA; photoelasticity ID MECHANICALLY FASTENED JOINTS; COMPOSITE JOINTS; STRESS-ANALYSIS AB Stresses in single-lap bolted joints of thick plates are complex and difficult to analyze. Previous studies involving stresses through the thickness of bolted joints have been limited to finite element method (FEM) simulations and have been implemented only for the joining of relatively thin plates. In this paper we report on several experimental and numerical analyses that were conducted to evaluate the stress distribution inside thick bolted plates along the bearing plane normal to the plate surface. Experimental analysis was conducted via embedded-polariscope photoelasticity and embedded resistance strain gages. The FEM analysis was performed with the ABAQUS commercial code using material properties and other data obtained experimentally as input. Experimental and numerical results agreed reasonably well, and are believed to depict the behavior of the joint under load well enough to assist in development of improved joint design. C1 Michigan State Univ, Dept Engn Mech, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co, Tire Phys, Akron, OH 44311 USA. USA, Tank Automot Command, Warren, MI 48397 USA. RP Iancu, F (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Engn Mech, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM dingxu@msu.edu NR 19 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 8 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0014-4851 J9 EXP MECH JI Exp. Mech. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 45 IS 4 BP 351 EP 358 DI 10.1177/0014485105056089 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science; Mechanics GA 949KO UT WOS:000230785300006 ER PT J AU Casem, D Weerasooriya, T Moy, P AF Casem, D Weerasooriya, T Moy, P TI Inertial effects of quartz force transducers embedded in a split Hopkinson pressure bar SO EXPERIMENTAL MECHANICS LA English DT Article DE Kolsky Bar; materials testing; soft materials ID DISPERSION AB An aluminum split Hopkinson pressure bar is instrumented with quartz force transducers and used to test low impedance materials. Two transducers are used, one at the interface between the specimen and the incident bar and the other at the interface between the specimen and the transmitter bar. It is shown that the stress measured by the incident bar gage often contains a substantial acceleration component, i.e., a significant portion of the signal recorded by the gage is due to its own inertia and not representative of the stress within the sample. Attempts are made to actively compensate for this with measurements of the acceleration of the gage. This is done in three ways: (i) by differentiation of the interface velocity, as determined by a standard strain gage analysis; (ii) by a more direct determination of acceleration, using a measurement of the strain gradient within the bar; (iii) by adding a compensation crystal and mass to the gage to remove the inertial component from the output. It is shown that all three techniques successfully mitigate inertial effects. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRD WM TD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP USA, Res Lab, AMSRD WM TD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM dcasem@arl.army.mil NR 13 TC 18 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0014-4851 EI 1741-2765 J9 EXP MECH JI Exp. Mech. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 45 IS 4 BP 368 EP 376 DI 10.1177/0014485105056090 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science; Mechanics GA 949KO UT WOS:000230785300008 ER PT J AU Wang, KKW Ottens, AK Liu, MC Lewis, SB Meegan, C Oli, M Tortella, FC Hayes, RL AF Wang, KKW Ottens, AK Liu, MC Lewis, SB Meegan, C Oli, M Tortella, FC Hayes, RL TI Proteomic identification of biomarkers of traumatic brain injury SO EXPERT REVIEW OF PROTEOMICS LA English DT Review DE biomarkers; neuroproteomics; proteomics; TBI; traumatic brain injury ID NEURON-SPECIFIC ENOLASE; SEVERE HEAD-INJURY; 2-DIMENSIONAL GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; IMMOBILIZED PH GRADIENTS; ACUTE ISCHEMIC-STROKE; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; S-100 PROTEIN; SERUM; DAMAGE AB Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major national health problem without a US Food and Drug Administration-approved therapy. This review summarizes the importance,of discovering relevant TBI protein biomarkers and presents logical rationale that neuroproteomic technologies are uniquely suited for the discovery of otherwise unnoticed TBI biomarkers. It highlights that one must make careful decisions when choosing which paradigm (human vs. animal models) and which biologic samples to use for such proteomic studies. It further outlines some of the desirable attributes of an ideal TBI biomarker and discusses how biomarkers discovered proteomically are complementary to those identified by traditional approaches. Lastly, the most important sequoia of any proteomically identified TBI biomarker is validation in preclinical or clinical samples. C1 Univ Florida, McKnight Brain Inst, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. Banyan Biomarkers, Alachua, FL 32615 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Wang, KKW (reprint author), Univ Florida, McKnight Brain Inst, L4-100,POB 100256,100 S Newell Dr, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. EM kwang@psychiatry.ufl.edu; aottens@mbi.ufl.edu; liumc@mbi.ufl.edu; lewis@neurosurgery.ufl.edu; cmeegan@psychiatry.ufl.edu; moli@banyonbio.com; Frank.tortella@na.amedd.army.mil; hayes@mbi.ufl.edu RI Ottens, Andrew/K-3352-2012; OI Wang, Kevin/0000-0002-9343-6473 NR 78 TC 58 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 2 PU FUTURE DRUGS LTD PI LONDON PA UNITEC HOUSE, 3RD FL, 2 ALBERT PLACE, FINCHLEYY CENTRAL, LONDON N3 1QB, ENGLAND SN 1478-9450 J9 EXPERT REV PROTEOMIC JI Expert Rev. Proteomics PD AUG PY 2005 VL 2 IS 4 BP 603 EP 614 DI 10.1586/14789450.2.4.603 PG 12 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 963YP UT WOS:000231842900013 PM 16097892 ER PT J AU Campbell, JL Mitchell, MJ Groffman, PM Christenson, LM Hardy, JP AF Campbell, JL Mitchell, MJ Groffman, PM Christenson, LM Hardy, JP TI Winter in northeastern North America: a critical period for ecological processes SO FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Review ID MICROBIAL ACTIVITY; HARDWOOD FOREST; CLIMATE-CHANGE; NITROGEN MINERALIZATION; SUBZERO TEMPERATURES; SOIL TEMPERATURES; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; ALPINE TUNDRA; ARCTIC TUNDRA; TAIGA SOILS AB Ecological research during winter has historically been a low priority in northeastern North America, an oversight that stems from the commonly accepted notion that there is little biological activity when temperatures,drop below freezing. However, recent research has shown that winter can be an especially important period for ecological processes, providing evidence that "dormant season" is a misnomer. Uncertainties about the effects of climate change on ecosystems are highlighting the need for a more thorough understanding of winter ecology. The failure to collect winter data in northeastern North America has meant that researchers are ill-equipped to make predictions about how ecosystems will respond to future climate change. A more focused, integrative ecological winter monitoring and research effort will enable us to better prepare for, and respond to, future climate change. C1 US Forest Serv, NE Forest Expt Stn, USDA, Durham, NH 03824 USA. SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. Inst Ecosyst Studies, Millbrook, NY 12545 USA. USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Campbell, JL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, NE Forest Expt Stn, USDA, Durham, NH 03824 USA. EM jlcampbell@fs.fed.us RI Baulch, Helen/I-9529-2012; OI Campbell, John/0000-0003-4956-1696 NR 66 TC 123 Z9 163 U1 8 U2 56 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1707 H ST NW, STE 400, WASHINGTON, DC 20006-3915 USA SN 1540-9295 J9 FRONT ECOL ENVIRON JI Front. Ecol. Environ. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 3 IS 6 BP 314 EP 322 DI 10.1890/1540-9295(2005)003[0314:WINNAA]2.0.CO;2 PG 9 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 950MH UT WOS:000230860900018 ER PT J AU Barker, KB Arnold, HL Fillman, EP Palckar, NA Gering, SA Parker, AL AF Barker, KB Arnold, HL Fillman, EP Palckar, NA Gering, SA Parker, AL TI Safety of band ligator use in the small bowel and the colon SO GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Digestive Disease Week/105th Annual Meeting of the American-Gastroenterological-Association CY MAY 16-20, 2004 CL New Orleans, LA SP Amer Gastroenterol Assoc AB Background: Endoscopic band ligation for bleeding small-bowel vascular lesions has been reported its safe and efficacious based on small case series. There have been several other published case reports of band ligators, used for bleeding lesions, usually Dieulafoy's lesions, in the stomach, the proximal small bowel, and the colon, In addition, this method has been used for postpolypectomy bleeding stalks, Then, has never been a critical look at the anatomic consequences of banding in the thinner sections of bowel. Method: The purpose of this study is to define the anatomic and histologic consequences of applying band ligator devices to the small and the large bowel. Fresh surgical specimens, both large and small bowel, that were excised because of neoplastic lesions were transported to our endoscopic unit where one end intact bowel was sutured shut. A standard upper endoscope was passed via the open ends and the bowel was closed lightly With rubber band ties. The bowel then was insufflated. and band ligators were applied to unaffected mucosa by using a standard technique. Photodocumentation from inside and outside the bowel was obtained. Some of the band polyps were cut above the band, and some were cut below the band if) the fresh state. Some were fixed ill formalin and examined microscopically. Histologic sectioning occured at the level of the bands. Results: The results were striking in that there were large holes (1 cm) in the fresh ileum specimen. There was gross serosal entrapment manifested by visible puckers on the outer surfaces of the specimens, especially in the small bowel and the right colon. The left colon, anatomically thicker, was affected, The histologic evaluation revealed inclusion by the band ligator of the muscularis propria and serosa on the small bowel, the musclaris propria in the right colon, and the submucosa in the left colon. Conclusions: Based on these findings, we conclude that blind ligator devices are not safe in the small bowel anti the right colon but probably are safe in the thicker left colon. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Gastroenterol Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Barker, KB (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Gastroenterol Serv, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 9 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0016-5107 J9 GASTROINTEST ENDOSC JI Gastrointest. Endosc. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 62 IS 2 BP 224 EP 227 AR PII S0016-5107(05)00557-2 DI 10.1016/S0016-5107(05)00557-2 PG 4 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 952UM UT WOS:000231031000006 PM 16046983 ER PT J AU Koff, JM Choi, JR Hwang, IK AF Koff, JM Choi, JR Hwang, IK TI Inverted appendiceal orifice masquerading as a cecal polyp on virtual colonoscopy SO GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Gastroenterol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Koff, JM (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Gastroenterol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0016-5107 J9 GASTROINTEST ENDOSC JI Gastrointest. Endosc. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 62 IS 2 BP 308 EP 308 AR PII S0016-5107(05)00553-5 DI 10.1016/S0016-5107(05)00553-5 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 952UM UT WOS:000231031000029 PM 16047004 ER PT J AU Varuso, RJ Grieshaber, JB Nataraj, MS AF Varuso, RJ Grieshaber, JB Nataraj, MS TI Geosynthetic reinforced levee test section on soft normally consolidated clays SO GEOTEXTILES AND GEOMEMBRANES LA English DT Article DE reinforcement; embankment; soft soil case study; geosynthetic ID EMBANKMENTS AB Reinforced levee test sections have been constructed and monitored in southern Louisiana since the late 1980s. Although the results of these test sections indicated that the anticipated stresses were never realized by the geosynthetic reinforcement, each test section has provided the geotechnical industry with some very important information about the effectiveness of using geosynthetic reinforcement. The most important information acquired from these previous test sections was the fact that the foundation soils experienced significant gains in shear strength due to the more uniform consolidation of the soft foundation material during and immediately following embankment construction. The New Orleans District of the US Army Corps of Engineers (NOD) is researching the viability of a new design methodology that would adequately account for these gains in shear strength resulting from consolidation. This new methodology was derived via the results from the NOD's latest geosynthetic reinforced levee, discussed herein. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USA, Geotech Branch, Div Engn, Corps Engineers, New Orleans, LA USA. RP Varuso, RJ (reprint author), USA, Geotech Branch, Div Engn, Corps Engineers, New Orleans, LA USA. EM Richard.J.Varuso@mvn02.usace.army.mil NR 12 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0266-1144 J9 GEOTEXT GEOMEMBRANES JI Geotext. Geomembr. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 23 IS 4 BP 362 EP 383 DI 10.1016/j.geotexmen.2004.11.001 PG 22 WC Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA 941ZG UT WOS:000230252100004 ER PT J AU Pearton, SJ Norton, DP Frazier, R Han, SY Abernathy, CR Zavada, JM AF Pearton, SJ Norton, DP Frazier, R Han, SY Abernathy, CR Zavada, JM TI Spintronics device concepts SO IEE PROCEEDINGS-CIRCUITS DEVICES AND SYSTEMS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRICAL SPIN INJECTION; FERROMAGNETIC SEMICONDUCTOR HETEROSTRUCTURE; LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; MAGNETIC SEMICONDUCTORS; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; ELECTROOPTIC MODULATOR; TUNNEL-JUNCTIONS; SCHOTTKY-BARRIER; VALVE TRANSISTOR; WAVE SCATTERING AB Spin-dependent phenomena in semiconductors may lead to devices with new or enhanced functionality, such as polarised solid-state light sources (spin light-emitting diodes), novel microprocessors and sensitive biological and chemical sensors. The realisation of robust semiconductor spin-device technology requires the ability to control the injection, transport and detection of polarised carriers, and to manipulate their density by a field gating. The absence of Sibased or room-temperature dilute magnetic semiconductors has subdued the initial excitement over semiconductor spintronics, but recent reports demonstrate that progress is far from dormant. The authors give examples of a number of different spin-device concepts for polarised fight emission, spin field-effect transistors) and nanowire sensors. It is important to re-examine some of the earlier concepts for spintronics devices, such as the spin field-effect transistor, to account for the presence of the strong magnetic field which has deleterious effects. In some of these cases, the spin device appears to have no advantage relative to the conventional charge-control electronic analogue. There have been demonstrations of device-type operation in structures based on GaMnAs and InMnAs at low temperatures. The most promising materials for room-temperature polarised fight emission are thought to be GaN and ZnO, but results to date on realising such devices have been disappointing. The short spin-relaxation time observed in GaN/InGaN heterostructures probably results from the Rashba effect. Possible solutions involve either cubic phase nitrides or the use of additional stressor layers to create a larger spin-splitting, to get polarised fight emission from these structures, or to look at alternative semiconductors and fresh device approaches. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. USA, Res Off, Div Elect, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Pearton, SJ (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM spear@mse.ufl.edu NR 90 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 2 U2 37 PU INST ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY-IET PI HERTFORD PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD SG1 2AY, ENGLAND SN 1350-2409 J9 IEE P-CIRC DEV SYST JI IEE Proc.-Circuit Device Syst. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 152 IS 4 BP 312 EP 322 DI 10.1049/ip-cds:20045129 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 973QI UT WOS:000232537300005 ER PT J AU Sadler, BM AF Sadler, BM TI Fundamentals of energy-constrained sensor network systems SO IEEE AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS MAGAZINE LA English DT Review ID RANDOM FORWARDING GERAF; AD HOC; PERFORMANCE; INFORMATION AB This article is an overview of energy-constrained sensor networks, focusing on energy-conserving communications and signal processing strategies. We assume battery-driven nodes, employing robust communications, with little or no fixed infrastructure. Our discussion includes architectures, communications connectivity, capacity and scalability, mobility, network localization and synchronization, distributed signal processing, and cross-layer issues. Because energy is a precious system resource, all aspects of the network must be designed with energy savings in mind. In particular, transmissions and idle listening must be minimized, which implies the use of duty cycling to the maximum extent possible. When external assets are available, for tasks such as network synchronization and node geolocation, these can greatly relieve the energy burden and significantly enhance network lifetime. C1 US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Sadler, BM (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM bsadler@arl.army.mil NR 120 TC 53 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0885-8985 J9 IEEE AERO EL SYS MAG JI IEEE Aerosp. Electron. Syst. Mag. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 20 IS 8 BP 17 EP 35 DI 10.1109/MAES.2005.1499273 PN 2 PG 19 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 955OO UT WOS:000231235800004 ER PT J AU Vig, J Sedlacek, AJ Heijne, EHM Swager, T Hunt, WD Towe, E Lareau, RT van den Berg, L AF Vig, J Sedlacek, AJ Heijne, EHM Swager, T Hunt, WD Towe, E Lareau, RT van den Berg, L TI Special issue on sensors for the prevention of terrorist acts - Guest editorial SO IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA, Commun Elect Command, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. CERN, Div EP, PH Dept, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Atlanta, GA 30030 USA. US Dept Homeland Secur, Transportat Secur Adm, Atlantic City, NJ 08405 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. MIT, Dept Chem, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Constellat Technol Corp, Largo, FL 33777 USA. RP Vig, J (reprint author), USA, Commun Elect Command, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. EM j.vig@monmouth.army.mil; sedlacek@bnl.gov; erik.heijne@cem.ch; tswager@mit.edu; bill.hunt@ee.gatech.edu; towe@cmu.edu; richard.lareau@faa.gov; lvdberg@contech.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1530-437X J9 IEEE SENS J JI IEEE Sens. J. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 5 IS 4 BP 555 EP 559 DI 10.1109/JSEN.2005.850454 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 946KU UT WOS:000230571800001 ER PT J AU DeLucia, FC Samuels, AC Harmon, RS Walters, RA McNesby, KL LaPointe, A Winkel, RJ Miziolek, AW AF DeLucia, FC Samuels, AC Harmon, RS Walters, RA McNesby, KL LaPointe, A Winkel, RJ Miziolek, AW TI Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS): A promising versatile chemical sensor technology for hazardous material detection SO IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE ablation; atomic spectroscopy; bacillus; broadband spectrometer; laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS); spores ID INDUCED PLASMA SPECTROSCOPY; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; CHLORINE; ASSAY; AIR; DISCRIMINATION; CHROMATOGRAPHY; IMMUNOASSAYS; FLUORESCENCE; FLUORINE AB A series of laboratory experiments have been performed highlighting the potential of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) as a versatile sensor for the detection of terrorist threats. LIBS has multiple attributes that provide the promise of unprecedented performance for hazardous material detection and identification. These include: 1) real-time analysis, 2) high sensitivity, 3) no sample preparation, and 4) the ability to detect all elements and virtually all hazards, both molecular and biological. We have used LIBS to interrogate a variety of different target samples, including explosives, chemical warfare simulants, biological agent simulants, and landmine casings. We have used the acquired spectra to demonstrate discrimination between different chemical warfare simulants, including those on soil backgrounds. A linear correlation technique permits discrimination between an anthrax surrogate and several other biornaterials such as molds and pollens. We also use broadband LIBS to identify landmine casings versus other plastics and environmental clutter materials. A new man-portable LIBS system developed as a collaborative effort between the U.S. Army Research Laboratory and Ocean Optics, Inc., is described and several other schemes for implementing LIBS sensors for homeland security and force protection are discussed. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. USA, CECOM, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Phys, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP DeLucia, FC (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Providing Ground, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM fdelucia@arl.army.mil; alan.samuels@us.army.mil; harmon@aro.arl.army.mil; royw@OceanOptics.com; mcnesby@arl.army.mil; aaron.la-pointe@nvl.army.mil; raymond.winkel@usma.edu; miziolek@arl.army.mil RI De Lucia, Frank/D-5630-2012 NR 46 TC 97 Z9 102 U1 3 U2 52 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1530-437X J9 IEEE SENS J JI IEEE Sens. J. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 5 IS 4 BP 681 EP 689 DI 10.1109/JSEN.2005.848151 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 946KU UT WOS:000230571800018 ER PT J AU Meier, DC Taylor, CJ Cavicchi, RE White, VE Ellzy, MW Sumpter, KB Semancik, S AF Meier, DC Taylor, CJ Cavicchi, RE White, VE Ellzy, MW Sumpter, KB Semancik, S TI Chemical warfare agent detection using MEMS-compatible microsensor arrays SO IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE chemical microsensors; chemical vapor deposition (CVD); chemical warfare (CW) agent; conductometric; metal oxide; thin film ID HOTPLATE GAS SENSORS; TIN OXIDE; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; DEGRADATION-PRODUCTS; CAPILLARY-ELECTROPHORESIS; VAPOR-DEPOSITION; FILM; CO; CLASSIFICATION; RESPONSES AB Microsensors have been fabricated consisting of TiO2 and SnO2 sensing films prepared by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) on microelectromechanical systems array platforms. Response measurements from these devices to the chemical warfare (CW) agents GA (tabun), GB (sarin), and HD (sulfur mustard) at concentrations between 5 nmol/mol (ppb) and 200 ppb in dry air, as well as to CW agent simulants CEES (chloroethyl ethyl sulfide) and DFP (diisopropyl fluorophosphate) between 250 and 3000 ppb, are reported. The microsensors exhibit excellent signal-to-noise and reproducibility. The temperature of each sensor element is independently controlled by embedded microheaters that drive both the CVD process (375 degrees C) and sensor operation at elevated temperatures (325 degrees C-475 degrees C). The concentration-dependent analyte response magnitude is sensitive to conditions under which the sensing films are grown. Sensor stability studies confirm little signal degradation during 14 h of operation. Use of pulsed (200 ms) temperature-programmed sensing over a broad temperature range (20 degrees C-480 degrees C) enhances analyte selectivity, since the resulting signal trace patterns contain primarily kinetic information that is unique for each agent tested. C1 NIST, Chem Sci & Technol Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Meier, DC (reprint author), NIST, Chem Sci & Technol Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. EM dmeier@nist.gov; chuck.taylor@pomona.edu; rcav@nist.gov; edward.white@nist.gov; michael.ellzy@us.army.mil; kenneth.sumpter@us.army.mil; steves@nist.gov NR 47 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 4 U2 15 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1530-437X J9 IEEE SENS J JI IEEE Sens. J. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 5 IS 4 BP 712 EP 725 DI 10.1109/JSEN.2005.848139 PG 14 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 946KU UT WOS:000230571800022 ER PT J AU Shubitidze, F O'Neill, K Shamatava, I Sun, KL Paulsen, KD AF Shubitidze, F O'Neill, K Shamatava, I Sun, KL Paulsen, KD TI Fast and accurate calculation of physically complete EMI response by a heterogeneous metallic object SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE detection; discrimination; electromagnetic induction (EMI); heterogeneous; hybrid; interaction; method of auxiliary sources (MAS); metal; spheroidal mode; thin-skin approximation (TSA); unexploded ordnance (UXO) ID BAND ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION; AUXILIARY SOURCES; TARGETS; FIELDS; RANGE AB In this paper, the coupling and close-proximity effects arising between highly conducting and permeable metallic objects are exposed and analyzed, for the electromagnetic induction (EMI) frequency range (from tens of hertz up to several hundreds of kilohertz). To understand the physics of the interaction phenomena, a numerical technique is applied, consisting of the full method of auxiliary sources (MAS) at low frequencies and a combination of the MAS with thin-skin approximation (TSA) at high frequencies. Both numerical MAS-MAS/TSA and experimental studies have shown that the scattered field from a heterogeneous target generated as a simple superposition of independent responses from each part can be very different from the field determined from whole object with full internal interaction. A new numerical technique for fast and accurate representation of EMI responses for heterogeneous objects is pursued here, applicable to any three-dimensional heterogeneous object placed in an arbitrary time-varying EMI field. First, any primary magnetic field input is decomposed into the spheroidal modes over a fictitious surface surrounding the object. Then, for each input spheroidal mode, the full EMI problem including all interaction is solved using the MAS-MAS/TSA technique, and each modal response is reproduced using a compact reduced set of sources (RSS). Finally, the total response from the given target for any other excitation can be synthesized simply by calculating that primary field's constituent spheroidal modes and combining their stored responses. Several numerical examples are designed to show how an object's electromagnetic parameters, geometry, distance between objects, antenna positions, and orientations relative to the object affect the coupling. Comparisons between numerical and measured data for a machined composite object and for an actual unexploded ordnance demonstrate the superior accuracy and applicability of the MAS-MAS/TSA RSS model over simple dipole approximations, for certain classes of heterogeneous objects. C1 Dartmouth Coll, Thayer Sch Engn, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Shubitidze, F (reprint author), Dartmouth Coll, Thayer Sch Engn, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM fridon.shubitidze@dartmouth.edu NR 43 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 6 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0196-2892 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD AUG PY 2005 VL 43 IS 8 BP 1736 EP 1750 DI 10.1109/TGRS.2005.851176 PG 15 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 949BX UT WOS:000230761000005 ER PT J AU Geil, BR Bayne, SB Ibitayo, D Koebke, MG AF Geil, BR Bayne, SB Ibitayo, D Koebke, MG TI Thermal and electrical evaluation of SiC GTOs for pulsed power applications SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 26th International Power Modulator Symposium/High Voltage Workshop CY MAY 23-26, 2004 CL San Francisco, CA SP IEEE Dielect & Elect Insulat Soc, IEEE Electron Devices Soc DE gate turn-off thyristors (GTOs); pulse power; silicon carbide (SiC); thermal analysis; thermal modeling AB For applications which require high peak current and fast rise time, silicon carbide (SiC) material is ideal because of its ability to tolerate high localized temperatures generated during switching. This research was performed to,investigate SiC devices for pulse power applications and to analyze the failure, of the devices. Seven 2 mm x 2 mm SiC gate turn-off thyristors (GTOs) manufactured by Cree, Inc., Durham, NC, were evaluated. The devices were tested at single shot and under repetitive stress using a ring-down capacitor discharge circuit. The current pulsewidth was 2 mu s with a peak current of 1.4 kA (current density of 94.6 kA/cm(2)) and a maximum di/dt of 2.36 kA/mu s. The maximum power dissipated within the devices was 240 kW. Thermal modeling of these devices was done using ANSYS to analyze the heating and cooling. A two-dimensional model was used that included the device package and bonding materials. The maximum amount of power dissipated was calculated from the 1000-A, 2-mu s pulse. No further power input was added to the model and the heat transfer was plotted on an exponential scale. It was found that heat applied to a 2-mu m-thick region of the fingers yielded a temperature greater than 800 degrees C in the device. It took 1.0E-(02) s for this heat to dissipate and for the device to return to 23 degrees C. The minimum and maximum stresses were found to be -2.83E+(09) Pa. and 4.06E(+08) Pa respectively. C1 USN, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Geil, BR (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 10 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 33 IS 4 BP 1226 EP 1234 DI 10.1109/TPS.2005.854304 PN 1 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 956RC UT WOS:000231316500015 ER PT J AU Podlesak, TF Thomas, RL Simon, FM AF Podlesak, TF Thomas, RL Simon, FM TI Preliminary evaluation of super GTOS in pulse application SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 26th International Power Modulator Symposium/High Voltage Workshop CY MAY 23-26, 2004 CL San Francisco, CA SP IEEE Dielect & Elect Insulat Soc, IEEE Electron Devices Soc DE di/dt; gate; module; thyristors ID BURST REPETITIVE OPERATION; SINGLE-SHOT; THYRISTORS AB Compact high-action solid state. switches are essential to weapon and protective systems for future Army vehicles. The Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, has been evaluating conventional and unconventional devices for an extended period of time. Large diameter thyristors have been explored and evaluated at currents in excess of 200 kA. Reverse dynistors, a Russian device, have shown even better performance than conventional thyristors due to their very fine gate structure (10-100s of microns). Fine gate. structure leads to faster turnon, so that the switch is in full conduction much faster than those with more conventional gates, which vastly improves the reliability and lifetime of such devices. Silicon power corporation (SPCO) has produced a thyristor with an even finer gate structure than the dynistor. This super GTO (SGTO) also differs from conventional high-current thyristors in that it is modular rather than a single wafer design. Aside from a potential reduction in cost due to improved yield, the SGTO may be easily configured to produce the desired level of peak current by adding or subtracting individual chips in the module. This year, the Army Research Laboratory will obtain the first 400-kA SGTOs, which is double the prior current carrying capability of previous single wafer thyristors. A more critical parameter will be an increase of di/dt on turn-on by an order of magnitude. Single wafer thyristors of large diameter have had di/dt measured in kA/us. The objective of the SGTO switch is in excess of 40 kA/us. This paper presents the first experimental data from a prototype device, rated at 80-kA peak current. Data from this round of evaluation will provide critical design data for the realization of switch modules of 400 kA and beyond. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Podlesak, TF (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 5 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 33 IS 4 BP 1235 EP 1239 DI 10.1109/TPS.2005.853034 PN 1 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 956RC UT WOS:000231316500016 ER PT J AU Chan, AL Der, SZ Nasrabadi, NM AF Chan, AL Der, SZ Nasrabadi, NM TI A joint compression-discrimination neural transformation applied to target detection SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SYSTEMS MAN AND CYBERNETICS PART B-CYBERNETICS LA English DT Article DE automatic target detection; eigentargets; FLIR imagery; generalized Hebbian algorithm; principal component analysis; Sanger's rule ID PAPER CURRENCY RECOGNITION; PATTERN-RECOGNITION; FEATURE-EXTRACTION; NETWORK ARCHITECTURE; OBJECT RECOGNITION; ART-EMAP; CLASSIFICATION; SEGMENTATION; PROJECTION; FEATURES AB Many image recognition algorithms based on data-learning perform dimensionality reduction before the actual learning and classification because the high dimensionality of raw imagery would require enormous training sets to achieve satisfactory performance. A potential problem with this approach is that most dimensionality reduction techniques, such as principal component analysis (PCA), seek to maximize the representation of data variation into a small number of PCA components, without considering interclass discriminability. This paper presents a neural-network-based transformation that simultaneously seeks to provide dimensionality reduction and a high degree of discriminability by combining together the learning mechanism of a neural-network-based PCA and a backpropagation learning algorithm. The joint discrimination-compression algorithm is applied to infrared imagery to detect military vehicles. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRD ARL SE SE, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Aerosp Corp, Chantilly, VA USA. RP USA, Res Lab, AMSRD ARL SE SE, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM achan@arl.army.mil; sandor.z.der@aero.org; nnasraba@arl.army.mil NR 48 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1083-4419 EI 1941-0492 J9 IEEE T SYST MAN CY B JI IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. Part B-Cybern. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 35 IS 4 BP 670 EP 681 DI 10.1109/TSMCB.2005.845399 PG 12 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Cybernetics SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science GA 946JT UT WOS:000230569000003 PM 16128452 ER PT J AU Shoemaker, DR Saunders, NB Brandt, BL Moran, EE LaClair, AD Zollinger, WD AF Shoemaker, DR Saunders, NB Brandt, BL Moran, EE LaClair, AD Zollinger, WD TI Intranasal delivery of group B meningococcal native outer membrane vesicle vaccine induces local mucosal and serum bactericidal antibody responses in rabbits SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID POLYSIALIC ACID CAPSULE; NEISSERIA-MENINGITIDIS; VIRUS-VACCINE; IMMUNOGENICITY; EFFICACY; SAFETY; POLYSACCHARIDE; VOLUNTEERS; EXPRESSION; COMPLEX AB We have previously shown that intranasal immunization of mice with meningococcal native outer membrane vesicles (NOMV) induces both a good local mucosal antibody response and a good systemic bactericidal antibody response. However, in the intranasal mouse model, some of the NOMV entered the lung and caused an acute granulocytic response. We therefore developed an alternate animal model using the rabbit. This model reduces the probability of lung involvement and more closely mimics intranasal immunization of humans. Rabbits immunized intranasally with doses of 100 mu g of NOMV in 0.5 ml of saline developed serum bactericidal antibody levels comparable to those of rabbits immunized intramuscularly with 25-mu g doses, particularly when the primary intranasal immunization was given daily for 3 days. Intranasal immunization also induced a local mucosal response as evidenced by immunoglobulin A antibody in saliva, nasal washes, and lung lavage fluids. NONW from a capsule-deficient mutant induced higher serum bactericidal antibody responses than NOMV from the encapsulated parent. Meningococcal NOMV could be administered intranasally at 400 mu g with no pyrogenic activity, but as little as 0.03 mu g/kg of body weight administered intravenously or 25 mu g administered intramuscularly induced a pyrogenic response. These data indicate that the rabbit is a useful model for preclinical testing of intranasal meningococcal NOMV vaccines, and this immunization regimen produces a safe and substantial systemic and local mucosal antibody response. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Bacterial Dis, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Zollinger, WD (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Bacterial Dis, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM wendell.zollinger@na.amedd.army.mil RI Moran, Elizabeth/A-9384-2011; Zollinger, Wendell/B-2887-2011 NR 34 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 73 IS 8 BP 5031 EP 5038 DI 10.1128/IAI.73.8.5031-5038.2005 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 949BT UT WOS:000230760600063 PM 16041018 ER PT J AU Glynn, A Roy, CJ Powell, BS Adamovicz, JJ Freytag, LC Clements, JD AF Glynn, A Roy, CJ Powell, BS Adamovicz, JJ Freytag, LC Clements, JD TI Protection against aerosolized Yersinia pestis challenge following homologous and heterologous prime-boost with recombinant plague antigens SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID HEAT-LABILE ENTEROTOXIN; VIRUS-LIKE PARTICLES; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; CHOLERA-TOXIN; DENDRITIC CELLS; INTRANASAL IMMUNIZATION; MUCOSAL ADJUVANT; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; NONTOXIC MUTANT; CPG DNA AB A Yersinia pestis-derived fusion protein (FIN) has shown great promise as a protective antigen against aerosol challenge with Y. pestis in murine studies. In the current study, we examined different prime-boost regimens with F1-V and demonstrate that (i) boosting by a route other than the route used for the priming dose (heterologous boosting) protects mice as well as homologous boosting against aerosol challenge with Y pestis, (ii) parenteral immunization is not required to protect mice against aerosolized plague challenge, (iii) the route of immunization and choice of adjuvant influence the magnitude of the antibody response as well as the immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1)/IgG2a ratio, and (iv) inclusion of an appropriate adjuvant is critical for nonparenteral immunization. C1 Tulane Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Program Mol Pathogenesis & Immun, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Bacteriol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Clements, JD (reprint author), Tulane Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Program Mol Pathogenesis & Immun, 1430 Tulane Ave, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. EM jclemen@tulane.edu NR 32 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 73 IS 8 BP 5256 EP 5261 DI 10.1128/IAI.73.8.5256-5261.2005 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 949BT UT WOS:000230760600097 PM 16041052 ER PT J AU Bray, M Geisbert, TW AF Bray, M Geisbert, TW TI Ebola virus: The role of macrophages and dendritic cells in the pathogenesis of Ebola hemorrhagic fever SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY & CELL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Ebola virus; ebolavirus; filovirus; disseminated intravascular coagulation; septic shock; therapy ID RHESUS-MONKEYS; CYNOMOLGUS MACAQUES; INFECTED PATIENTS; MARBURG VIRUSES; PRIMATE MODELS; TISSUE FACTOR; IN-VITRO; RESPONSES; APOPTOSIS; SEPSIS AB Ebola hemorrhagic fever is a severe viral infection characterized by fever, shock and coagulation defects. Recent studies in macaques show that major features of illness are caused by effects of viral replication on macrophages and dendritic cells. Infected macrophages produce proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines and tissue factor, attracting additional target cells and inducing vasodilatation, increased vascular permeability and disseminated intravascular coagulation. However, they cannot restrict viral replication, possibly because of suppression of interferon responses. Infected dendritic cells also secrete proinflammatory mediators, but cannot initiate antigen-specific responses. In consequence, virus disseminates to these and other cell types throughout the body, causing multifocal necrosis and a syndrome resembling septic shock. Massive "bystander" apoptosis of natural killer and T cells further impairs immunity. These findings suggest that modifying host responses would be an effective therapeutic strategy, and treatment of infected macaques with a tissue-factor inhibitor reduced both inflammation and viral replication and improved survival. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 NIAID, Biodef Clin Res Branch, Off Clin Res, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Bray, M (reprint author), NIAID, Biodef Clin Res Branch, Off Clin Res, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM mbray@niaid.nih.gov; tom.geisbert@amedd.army.mil NR 29 TC 121 Z9 136 U1 1 U2 33 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1357-2725 J9 INT J BIOCHEM CELL B JI Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 37 IS 8 BP 1560 EP 1566 DI 10.1016/j.biocel.2005.02.018 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 934LI UT WOS:000229709900003 PM 15896665 ER PT J AU Beekley, MD Brechue, WF AF Beekley, MD Brechue, WF TI Depression of H-reflex following carbonic anhydrase inhibition appears unrelated to changes in synaptic effectiveness SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE acetazolamide; afferent transmission; carbon dioxide; humans; monosynaptic reflexes; synaptic ID PRESYNAPTIC INHIBITION; IA-FIBERS; ACETAZOLAMIDE; HUMANS; CAT; TRANSMISSION; FACILITATION; MOTONEURONS; EXCITATION; MODULATION AB Presynaptic inhibition (PI) of la afferents was examined as a possible contributor to the depression of the soleus H-reflex following carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibition with Acetazolamide (ACZ). Ten males (aged 22-32) were studied in two randomized conditions, control and ACZ administration (250 mg 14, 8, and 2 h before testing) separated by at least one week. PI of soleus la afferents was indirectly assessed two ways: a conditioning stimulus of la afferents in the common peroneal nerve (N = 6), and heteronymous la facilitation from the quadriceps to soleus muscle (N = 4). Conditioning (C) of the soleus H-reflex (common peroneal nerve stimulation protocol) resulted in depression of the H-reflex in the supine and standing position compared to the test (T, unconditioned) H-reflex in the same position. This result was unaltered following ACZ treatment. C (heteronymous facilitation protocol) resulted in facilitation of the H-reflex in the supine, but not the standing position. This result was unaltered following ACZ treatment. It was concluded that the depression of the H-reflex following CA inhibition (present study; Brechue et al., 1997) appears to be unrelated to changes in the tonic level of PI of la afferents. The best hypothesis for the reduction in the H-reflex appears to be conduction block of the primary afferent fibers secondary to local increases in PCO2. C1 Cent Missouri State Univ, Dept Intercollegiate Athlet, Warrensburg, MO 64093 USA. US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Brechue, WF (reprint author), Cent Missouri State Univ, Dept Intercollegiate Athlet, Nickerson Hall, Warrensburg, MO 64093 USA. EM wbrechue@charter.net NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0020-7454 J9 INT J NEUROSCI JI Int. J. Neurosci. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 115 IS 8 BP 1205 EP 1218 DI 10.1080/0020745059091590 PG 14 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 944HI UT WOS:000230417500010 PM 16040362 ER PT J AU Clayton, JD AF Clayton, JD TI Modeling dynamic plasticity and spall fracture in high density polycrystalline alloys SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES LA English DT Article DE plasticity; alloys; thermomechanical; dynamic; microstructure ID ADIABATIC SHEAR LOCALIZATION; ENERGY PENETRATOR MATERIALS; TUNGSTEN SINGLE-CRYSTALS; GRAIN LEVEL MODEL; BRITTLE MATERIALS; STORED ENERGY; STRAIN-RATE; FAILURE INITIATION; COHESIVE ELEMENTS; CRACK-PROPAGATION AB The dynamic thermomechanical response of a tungsten heavy alloy is investigated via modeling and numerical simulation. The material of study consists of relatively stiff pure tungsten grains embedded within a more ductile matrix alloy comprised of tungsten, nickel, and iron. Constitutive models implemented for each phase account for finite deformation, heat conduction, plastic anisotropy, strain-rate dependence of flow stress, thermal softening, and thermoelastic coupling. The potentially nonlinear volumetric response in tungsten at large pressures is addressed by a pressure-dependent effective bulk modulus. Our framework also provides a quantitative prediction of the total dislocation density, associated with cumulative strain hardening in each phase, and enables calculation of the fraction of plastic dissipation converted into heat energy. Cohesive failure models are employed to represent intergranular fracture at grain and phase boundaries. Dynamic finite element simulations illustrate the response of realistic volume elements of the polycrystalline microstructure subjected to compressive impact loadings, ultimately resulting in spallation of the material. The relative effects of mixed-mode interfacial failure criteria, thermally-dependent fracture strengths, and grain shapes and orientations upon spall behavior are weighed, with interfacial properties exerting a somewhat larger influence on the average pressure supported by the volume element than grain shapes and initial lattice orientations within the bulk material. Spatially resolved profiles of particle velocities at the free surfaces of the volume elements indicate the degree to which the incident and reflected stress waves are altered by the heterogeneous microstructure. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USA, Res Lab, Impact Phys Branch, AMSRD,ARL,WM TD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Clayton, JD (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Impact Phys Branch, AMSRD,ARL,WM TD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM jclayton@arl.army.mil RI Clayton, John/C-7760-2009 NR 83 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 3 U2 9 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0020-7683 J9 INT J SOLIDS STRUCT JI Int. J. Solids Struct. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 42 IS 16-17 BP 4613 EP 4640 DI 10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2005.02.031 PG 28 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA 933VB UT WOS:000229659900006 ER PT J AU Kuramochi, M Karypis, G AF Kuramochi, M Karypis, G TI Gene classification using expression profiles: A feasibility study SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ON ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TOOLS LA English DT Article DE gene classification; expression profiles; SVM; k-NN ID PROTEIN SEQUENCES; YEAST GENOME; DATABASE; MIPS AB As various genome sequencing projects have already been completed or are near completion, genome researchers are shifting their focus to functional genomics. Functional genomics represents the next phase, that expands the biological investigation to studying the functionality of genes of a single organism as well as studying and correlating the functionality of genes across many different organisms. Recently developed methods for monitoring genome-wide mRNA expression changes hold the promise of allowing us to inexpensively gain insights into the function of unknown genes. In this paper we focus on evaluating the feasibility of using supervised machine learning methods for determining the function of genes based solely on their expression profiles. We experimentally evaluate the performance of traditional classification algorithms such as support vector machines and k-nearest neighbors on the yeast genome, and present new approaches for classification that improve the overall recall with moderate reductions in precision. Our experiments show that the accuracies achieved for different classes varies dramatically. In analyzing these results we show that the achieved accuracy is highly dependent on whether or not the genes of that class were significantly active during the various experimental conditions, suggesting that gene expression profiles can become a viable alternative to sequence similarity searches provided that the genes are observed under a wide range of experimental conditions. C1 Univ Minnesota, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Army HPC Res Ctr, Digital Technol Ctr, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Kuramochi, M (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Army HPC Res Ctr, Digital Technol Ctr, 4-192 EE CS Bldg,200 Union St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. EM kuram@cs.umn.edu; karypis@cs.umn.edu NR 35 TC 13 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0218-2130 J9 INT J ARTIF INTELL T JI Int. J. Artif. Intell. Tools PD AUG PY 2005 VL 14 IS 4 BP 641 EP 660 DI 10.1142/S0218213005002302 PG 20 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA 986SE UT WOS:000233469200006 ER PT J AU Carr, WW Martin, B Howard, RS Cox, L Borish, L AF Carr, WW Martin, B Howard, RS Cox, L Borish, L CA Immunotherapy Comm TI Comparison of test devices for skin prick testing SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE skin testing; device; performance; variability; pain ID PERFORMANCE AB Background: Allergy skin testing guides developing avoidance plans and writing an immunotherapy prescription. The goal for the allergist is to apply allergen skin testing to the appropriate patient population by using a device that minimizes both false-negative and false-positive findings while minimizing patient discomfort. New skin testing devices continue to be developed with a trend toward production of multiheaded devices. Data on the performance of these devices in a head-to-head prospective fashion are limited. Objective: Our goal was to study 8 commonly used devices to compare their performance in a head-to-head fashion. Methods: In a prospective, double-blind fashion, the performance of 8 skin test devices was evaluated. Devices were tested with histamine and saline on both the arms and back of each subject. Devices were rotated over 4 testing sessions, at least a week apart, so each device was tested in each anatomic testing location. Performance elements examined included wheal, flare, pain, sensitivity, specificity, and intradevice variability. Results: We found significant differences in all areas of device performance among all devices examined. Multiheaded devices also demonstrated significant intradevice variability and were more painful than single devices. Furthermore, multiheaded devices bad larger reactions on the back, whereas single devices had larger reactions on the arms. Conclusion: Statistically significant differences exist among all devices tested. Providers should consider this data when choosing a device that suits their practice setting and ensure that technicians are sufficiently trained on the correct use of that device. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Allergy & Immunol, Silver Spring, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Silver Spring, MD USA. Univ Virginia, Asthma & Allerg Dis Ctr, Hlth Syst, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. RP Carr, WW (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM wmcarr@comcast.net NR 8 TC 36 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 4 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0091-6749 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 116 IS 2 BP 341 EP 346 DI 10.1016/j.jaci.2005.03.035 PG 6 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 017ID UT WOS:000235686400016 PM 16108145 ER PT J AU Kempa, T Carnahan, D Olek, M Correa, M Giersig, M Cross, M Benham, G Sennett, M Ren, Z Kempa, K AF Kempa, T Carnahan, D Olek, M Correa, M Giersig, M Cross, M Benham, G Sennett, M Ren, Z Kempa, K TI Dielectric media based on isolated metallic nanostructures SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID WALL CARBON NANOTUBE; COMPLEX PERMITTIVITY; COMPOSITES; POLYMER; PARTICLES; SILICA AB We study the dielectric properties of nanocomposites in the 0-1.5-GHz frequency regime. These composites consist of electrically insulated metallic nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes, the elongated nanostructures in this study, uniformly dispersed in a dielectric matrix. We find that the properties of these composites depend crucially on the shape and monodispersity of the nanoparticles. While at high concentrations the spherical nanoparticles cause only slight modification of the dielectric function of the composite with respect to the matrix, the elongated nanoparticles produce composites with an enhanced real part of the dielectric function and low imaginary part. Our theory, which is in excellent agreement with these results, suggests specific ways to further improve the dielectric properties of the composites. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 NanoLab Inc, Newton, MA 02458 USA. Ctr Adv European Studies & Res, D-53175 Bonn, Germany. Mega Wave Corp, Boylston, MA 01505 USA. USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Boston Coll, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 USA. RP NanoLab Inc, Newton, MA 02458 USA. EM thomas.kempa@imperial.ac.uk RI Ren, Zhifeng/B-4275-2014; OI Correa-Duarte, Miguel A./0000-0003-1950-1414 NR 18 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD AUG 1 PY 2005 VL 98 IS 3 AR 034310 DI 10.1063/1.1996836 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 955RV UT WOS:000231246100095 ER PT J AU O'Brien, C Freund, BJ Young, AJ Sawka, MN AF O'Brien, C Freund, BJ Young, AJ Sawka, MN TI Glycerol hyperhydration: physiological responses during cold-air exposure SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE fluid balance; overhydration; thermoregulation; cardiovascular responses; fluid-regulating hormones; total body water ID EXERCISE-HEAT-STRESS; WATER IMMERSION; BLOOD-VOLUME; THERMOREGULATION; HYPOHYDRATION; TEMPERATURE; PERFORMANCE; HYDRATION; HUMANS; PLASMA AB Hypohydration occurs during cold-air exposure (CAE) through combined effects of reduced fluid intake and increased fluid losses. Because hypohydration is associated with reduced physical performance, strategies for maintaining hydration during CAE are important. Glycerol ingestion (GI) can induce hyperhydration in hot and temperate environments, resulting in greater fluid retention compared with water (WI) alone, but it is not effective during cold-water immersion. Water immersion induces a greater natriuresis and diuresis than cold exposure; therefore, whether GI might be effective for hyperhydration during CAE remains unknown. This study examined physiological responses, i.e., thermoregulatory, cardiovascular, renal, vascular fluid, and fluid-regulating hormonal responses, to GI in seven men during 4 h CAE ( 15 degrees C, 30% relative humidity). Subjects completed three separate, double-blind, and counterbalanced trials including WI ( 37 ml water/l total body water), GI ( 37 ml water/l total body water plus 1.5 g glycerol/l total body water), and no fluid. Fluids were ingested 30 min before CAE. Thermoregulatory responses to cold were similar during each trial. Urine flow rates were higher ( P = 0.0001) with WI ( peak 11.8 ml/min, SD 1.9) than GI (5.0 ml/min, SD 1.8), and fluid retention was greater ( P = 0.0001) with GI (34%, SD 7) than WI (18%, SD 5) at the end of CAE. Differences in urine flow rate and fluid retention were the result of a greater free water clearance with WI. These data indicate glycerol can be an effective hyperhydrating agent during CAE. C1 USA, Inst Environm Med, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP O'Brien, C (reprint author), USA, Inst Environm Med, Thermal Physiol & Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM kate.obrien@us.army.mil NR 29 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 99 IS 2 BP 515 EP 521 DI 10.1152/japplphysiol.00176.2005 PG 7 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 945EU UT WOS:000230486200016 PM 15817723 ER PT J AU Clarkson, PM Hoffman, EP Zambraski, E Gordish-Dressman, H Kearns, A Hubal, M Harmon, B Devaney, JM AF Clarkson, PM Hoffman, EP Zambraski, E Gordish-Dressman, H Kearns, A Hubal, M Harmon, B Devaney, JM TI ACTN3 and MLCK genotype associations with exertional muscle damage SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE alpha-actinin; rhabdomyolysis; polymorphism; eccentric exercise ID LIGHT-CHAIN PHOSPHORYLATION; ECCENTRIC EXERCISE; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; GENERAL-POPULATION; ELBOW FLEXORS; ALPHA-ACTININ-3; RHABDOMYOLYSIS; CONTRACTION; ADAPTATION; DEFICIENCY AB Strenuous exercise results in damage to skeletal muscle that is manifested in delayed muscle pain, prolonged strength loss, and increases in muscle proteins in the blood, especially creatine kinase (CK) and myoglobin (Mb). Some individuals experience profound changes in these variables in response to standard laboratory exercise or recreational activities. We proposed that variations in genes coding for two myofibrillar proteins [alpha-actinin 3 (ACTN3) and myosin light chain kinase (MLCK)] may explain the large variability in the response to muscle-damaging exercise. We hypothesized that subjects with specific single nucleotide polymorphisms ( SNPs) in ACTN3 and MLCK would show a greater loss in muscle strength and/or a greater increase in blood CK and Mb in response to eccentric exercise. Blood from 157 subjects who performed a standard elbow flexion eccentric exercise protocol was tested for association between genotypes of ACTN3 ( 1 SNP tested: R577X) and MLCK ( 2 SNPs tested: C49T and C37885A) and changes in blood CK and Mb and isometric strength. Subjects possessing the ACTN3-deficient genotype (XX) had lower baseline CK compared with the heterozygotes ( P = 0.035). After the eccentric exercise, those subjects homozygous for the MLCK 49T rare allele had a significantly greater increase in CK and Mb ( P < 0.01) compared with the heterozygotes, and those heterozygous for MLCK C37885A had a significantly greater increase in CK compared with the homozygous wild type ( P < 0.05). There was only one subject homozygous for the rare MLCK 37885A allele. MLCK C37885A was also associated with postexercise strength loss ( P < 0.05); the heterozygotes demonstrated greater strength loss compared with the homozygous wild type ( CC). These results show that variations in genes coding for specific myofibrillar proteins influence phenotypic responses to muscle damaging exercise. C1 Univ Massachusetts, Dept Exercise Sci, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. Childrens Natl Med Ctr, Med Genet Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20010 USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Clarkson, PM (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Exercise Sci, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. EM clarkson@excsci.umass.edu OI Hubal, Monica/0000-0001-6579-6036 NR 35 TC 92 Z9 95 U1 0 U2 24 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 99 IS 2 BP 564 EP 569 DI 10.1152/japplphysiol.00130.2005 PG 6 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 945EU UT WOS:000230486200023 PM 15817725 ER PT J AU Holt, KG Wagenaar, RC Kubo, M LaFiandra, ME Obusek, JP AF Holt, KG Wagenaar, RC Kubo, M LaFiandra, ME Obusek, JP TI Modulation of force transmission to the head while carrying a backpack load at different walking speeds SO JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS LA English DT Article DE mechanical shock; load carriage; force transmission; walking speed ID CEREBRAL-PALSY; GAIT; FREQUENCY; STABILITY; CARRIAGE; PATTERNS; CHILDREN; LIMB AB This study was designed to investigate the capability of the joints and segments to reduce transmission of forces during load carriage. Eleven subjects were required to carry a backpack loaded with 40% of their body weight and to walk at 6 speeds increasing from 0.6 to 1.6m s(-1) in increments of 0.2 m s(-1), and then decreasing in the same manner. Subjects were filmed in 3-dimensions, but analysis of shock transmission ratio (TR) was limited to the sagittal plane. Shock transmission was measured as the ratio of peak vertical accelerations (ankle:head, ankle:knee, and knee:head) measured immediately following foot strike. TR for all ratios increased significantly as a function of increasing speed. TR from the ankle to the head showed no significant increase as a function of load carriage, but did increase as a function of load in transmission from knee to head. A significant interaction effect revealed that during load carriage at the higher speeds the acceleration of the ankle and knee decreased below that for the unloaded conditions. These findings suggest that the potentially injurious effects of previously observed increased ground reaction forces and increased joint stiffness while walking with loads are offset by adaptations in the gait pattern that maintain force transmission at acceptable levels. Increased variability in the acceleration of the head and in the transmission ratios suggest a potentially destabilizing effect of load carriage on the head trajectory. (c) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Boston Univ, Sargent Coll Hlth & Rehabil Sci, Dept Rehabil Sci, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Univ Connecticut, Ctr Ecol Study Percept & Act, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. USA, Res Environm Med, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Boston Dynam Inc, Cambridge, MA USA. USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Holt, KG (reprint author), Sargent Coll Allied Hlth Profess, Appl Kinesiol Program, 635 Commonwealth Ave, Boston, MA 02215 USA. EM kgholt@bu.edu NR 28 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0021-9290 J9 J BIOMECH JI J. Biomech. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 38 IS 8 BP 1621 EP 1628 DI 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2004.07.033 PG 8 WC Biophysics; Engineering, Biomedical SC Biophysics; Engineering GA 947FS UT WOS:000230629400009 PM 15958219 ER PT J AU McDevitt, ER Taylor, DC Miller, MD Gerber, JP Ziemke, G Hinkin, D Uhorchak, JM Arciero, RA St Pierre, P AF McDevitt, ER Taylor, DC Miller, MD Gerber, JP Ziemke, G Hinkin, D Uhorchak, JM Arciero, RA St Pierre, P TI Functional bracing was no better than nonbracing after anterior cruciate ligament repair SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND JOINT SURGERY-AMERICAN VOLUME LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Keller Army Community Hosp, Orthopaed Serv, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Taylor, DC (reprint author), Keller Army Community Hosp, Orthopaed Serv, 900 Washington Rd, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM dean.taylor@na.amedd.army.mil NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOURNAL BONE JOINT SURGERY INC PI NEEDHAM PA 20 PICKERING ST, NEEDHAM, MA 02192 USA SN 0021-9355 J9 J BONE JOINT SURG AM JI J. Bone Joint Surg.-Am. Vol. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 87A IS 8 BP 1890 EP 1890 DI 10.2106/JBJS.8708.ebo3 PG 1 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA 951RZ UT WOS:000230949800044 ER PT J AU Bower, KS Burka, JM Hope, RJ Franks, JK Lyon, TL Nelson, BA Sliney, DH AF Bower, KS Burka, JM Hope, RJ Franks, JK Lyon, TL Nelson, BA Sliney, DH TI Scattered laser radiation and broadband actinic ultraviolet plasma emissions during LADARVision excimer refractive surgery SO JOURNAL OF CATARACT AND REFRACTIVE SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference of the American-Industrial-Hygiene-Association CY MAY 19, 2004 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Ind Hygiene Assoc ID MUTAGENICITY; CORNEA AB PURPOSE: To evaluate the potential occupational health hazards associated with scattered actinic ultraviolet (UV) laser radiation and broadband actinic UV plasma emissions during refractive surgery. SETTING: Center for Refractive Surgery, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, D.C., USA. METHODS: Intraoperative radiometric measurements were made with the Ophir Power/Energy Meter (LaserStar Model with silicon detector, Model PD-10) and the International Light Radiometer/Photometer (Model IL 1400 with actinic ultraviolet detector, Model SEL240) with and without UV blocking filters (BILK 270 and Schott types WG-280 and WG-230). Measurements made during laser calibration as well as laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) and photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) procedures were evaluated using a worst-case scenario and then compared with the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygeinists (ACGIH) Threshold Value Limits (TLV) to perform a risk/hazard analysis. RESULTS: Most optical emissions were between 193 nm and 280 nm, and approximately 25% of the measurement result was due to broadband emissions greater than 270 nm for calibration targets. About 25% of optical emissions during LASIK were beyond 230 nm. No emissions beyond 230 nm were observed during PRK Ultraviolet scattered radiation level was similar between PRK and LASIK. Maximum measured values of 80 nJ/pulse at 14 cm for PRK and 45 nJ/pulse at 38 cm for LASIK were used as the absolute worst-case analysis for exposure. Assuming the worst-case exposure conditions are equal to the maximum measured value during these studies at a workload of 20 patients per day, the cumulative occupational exposure at close range of actinic UV radiation did not exceed the 8-hour occupational exposure limit of 3 mJ/cm(2) for any 24-hour period. CONCLUSIONS: Scattered UV laser radiation did not exceed occupational exposure limits at distances greater than 30 cm from either laser calibration targets or patient treatments over a workday. Laser eye protection is not necessary to protect operating room personnel since exposure levels are very low even under a worst-case scenario. (c) 2005 ASCRS and ESCRS. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Ctr Refract Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Ophthalmol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. US Army Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen, MD USA. RP Bower, KS (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Ctr Refract Surg, Room 2F-205,6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM kraig.bower@na.amedd.army.mil NR 15 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0886-3350 J9 J CATARACT REFR SURG JI J. Cataract. Refract. Surg. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 31 IS 8 BP 1506 EP 1511 DI 10.1016/j.jcrs.2005.01.023 PG 6 WC Ophthalmology; Surgery SC Ophthalmology; Surgery GA 965DE UT WOS:000231929500017 PM 16129284 ER PT J AU Lee, MH Beyer, FL Furst, EM AF Lee, MH Beyer, FL Furst, EM TI Synthesis of monodisperse fluorescent core-shell silica particles using a modified Stober method for imaging individual particles in dense colloidal suspensions SO JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE silica particle; Stober method; sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS); aggregation mechanism; internal structure; confocal microscopy ID DIGITAL VIDEO MICROSCOPY; X-RAY-SCATTERING; DIRECT VISUALIZATION; SIZE RANGE; AGGREGATION; HYDROLYSIS; SPHERES; GROWTH; DISPERSIONS; MODEL AB Core-shell silica particles, with a diameter of 1.5 mu m, containing a dye fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), are synthesized by the hydrolysis and condensation of tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS). Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) is added to synthesize fluorescent core particles with the diameter of approximately 1 mu m. In the addition of SIDS, the surface charge reduced by counterions (Na+) of the surfactant leads to a higher degree of aggregation of the primary particles and the formation of larger secondary particles. The particle growth kinetics confirms the aggregation growth model for the synthesis of monodisperse silica particles, and also shows the dependence of final particle size on colloidal stability resulting from the addition of SDS. Light and X-ray scattering data reveal that the final particles have compactly packed structures with smooth surfaces. The seeded growth technique is then used to form a silica shell layer on the fluorescent core. The added amount of water and NH4OH has significant effects on shell formation. Finally, the final core-shell silica particles are modified by chemisorption of octadecanol at the surface to be dispersed in organic solvents. Octadecyl-coated silica particles are sterically stabilized in silica index-matching solvents such as chloroform and hexadecane to directly image separate particles using confocal microscopy. In chloroform, the organophilic silica particles disperse well, whereas in hexadecane they form a volume-filling gel structure at room temperature. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Delaware, Colburn Lab, Dept Chem Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. USA, Res Lab, Div Mat, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Furst, EM (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Colburn Lab, Dept Chem Engn, 150 Acad St, Newark, DE 19716 USA. EM furst@che.udel.edu NR 49 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 10 U2 51 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9797 J9 J COLLOID INTERF SCI JI J. Colloid Interface Sci. PD AUG 1 PY 2005 VL 288 IS 1 BP 114 EP 123 DI 10.1016/j.jcis.2005.02.073 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 936NB UT WOS:000229861600016 PM 15927569 ER PT J AU Su, LY Kelly, JB Hawkridge, FM Rhoten, MC Baskin, SI AF Su, LY Kelly, JB Hawkridge, FM Rhoten, MC Baskin, SI TI Characterization of cyanide binding to cytochrome c oxidase immobilized in electrode-supported lipid bilayer membranes SO JOURNAL OF ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE cytochrome c oxidase; biosensor; cyanide dioxygen ID SURFACE-PLASMON RESONANCE; SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS; DIRECT ELECTROCHEMISTRY; GOLD ELECTRODES; CARDIOLIPIN/PHOSPHATIDYLCHOLINE MEMBRANES; PYROLYTIC-GRAPHITE; TERMINAL OXIDASES; COMPLEX-FORMATION; 2.8 ANGSTROM; BOVINE AB Bovine cytochrome c oxidase has been successfully immobilized in elect rode-supported lipid bilayer membranes to investigate the effect of cyanide binding on the oxidation of ferrocytochrome c and the electroreduction of dioxygen. Cyanide binding to oxidase was found to be reversible and exhibited 1: 1 stoichiometry. Binding constants (K) were also determined for binding of cyanide to the reduced (62 mu M) and oxidized (195 mu M) forms of the oxidase. The cytochrome c oxidase-modified electrodes described here could potentially be used as an amperometric biosensor for the detection of cyanide. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Chem, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. Longwood Univ, Dept Nat Sci, Farmville, VA 23909 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Hawkridge, FM (reprint author), Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Chem, POB 842006, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. EM fmhawkri@vcu.edu NR 62 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0022-0728 J9 J ELECTROANAL CHEM JI J. Electroanal. Chem. PD AUG 1 PY 2005 VL 581 IS 2 BP 241 EP 248 DI 10.1016/j.jelechem.2005.04.025 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry GA 948JS UT WOS:000230712700012 ER PT J AU Taylor, SF Gerhardt, RT Simpson, MP AF Taylor, SF Gerhardt, RT Simpson, MP TI An association between emergency medicine residencies and improved trauma patient outcome SO JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Emergency Medicine residencies; trauma outcome ID MAJOR TRAUMA; PROGRAM; CARE; IMPACT; SCORE; PHYSICIANS; TEAM AB A study was done to compare trauma patient outcome at American College of Surgeons (ACS) Level I Trauma Centers with Emergency Medicine residency programs (EMRP+) to those without (EMRP-). Ten Level I Trauma Centers were reviewed from the ACS National Trauma Database (5 centers with and 5 without EM residency programs). Of 18,591 trauma patient records, 8679 were identified as EMRP-, and 9912 as EMRP+. After deleting incomplete data sets, 6621 EMRP- and 6150 EMRP+ records remained. Comparisons between patient age, gender, TRISS, complications, deaths, hospital, ICU and ventilator days, and numbers of burns, penetrating and blunt trauma were performed using t-test and chi-square analysis. Despite having a statistically significant older patient population, with more burn and penetrating trauma patients requiring longer ICU stays and longer ventilatory support (p < 0.0001), Emergency Medicine Residency program hospitals had a significantly lower complication rate (5.14% vs. 11.04%, respectively, p < 0.0001), death rate (4.704 % vs. 5.479 %, respectively, p = 0.0013), and shorter overall hospital stays (Mean 4.94 days, SD +/- 8.74 vs. 6.35 days, SD +/- 11.22, respectively, p < 0.0001) than EMRP-hospitals. The presence of Emergency Medicine residency programs at ACS Level I Trauma Centers is associated with improved trauma patient outcomes. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Mil & Emergency Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, F Edward Hebert Sch Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Taylor, SF (reprint author), 7th Special Forces Grp Airborne, Ft Bragg, NC 28310 USA. NR 29 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0736-4679 J9 J EMERG MED JI J. Emerg. Med. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 29 IS 2 BP 123 EP 127 DI 10.1016/j.jemermed.2005.01.014 PG 5 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 949FT UT WOS:000230771200001 PM 16029819 ER PT J AU Barnhart, BD Chuang, A Lucca, JJD Roberts, S Liewehr, F Joyce, AP AF Barnhart, BD Chuang, A Lucca, JJD Roberts, S Liewehr, F Joyce, AP TI An in vitro evaluation of the cytotoxicity of various endodontic irrigants on human gingival fibroblasts SO JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS LA English DT Article DE sodium hypochlorite; iodine potassium-iodide; calcium hydroxide; chlorine dioxide; Betadine scrub ID CALCIUM HYDROXIDE; DISINFECTION; INFECTION; TEETH AB The purpose of this study was to measure the cytotoxicity of six endodontic irrigants on cultured gingival fibroblasts using the CyQuant assay. Human gingival fibroblasts were grown in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) containing 10% fetal bovine serum at 37 degrees C and 5% CO2. At confluence, cells were split, plated in 96-well plates and incubated for 24-h to allow attachment. The following irrigants were tested at various concentrations: Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl); iodine potassium-iodide (IKI); Betadine scrub (BS); calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)(2)]; chlorine dioxide (SCD) and DMEM (positive control). Experimental groups were compared by the logarithmic difference between the clinical and LD50 concentrations of a particular irrigant. The results showed that IKI and Ca(OH)(2) were significantly less cytotoxic than SCID, NaOCl, and BS. In conclusion, IKI and Ca(OH), are well tolerated by human gingival fibroblasts. C1 USA, DENTAC, Tingay Dent Clin, Endodont Residency Program, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. USA, Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. Med Coll Virginia Endodont Residency, Richmond, VA 23298 USA. RP Joyce, AP (reprint author), USA, DENTAC, Tingay Dent Clin, Endodont Residency Program, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. EM Anthony.Joyce@se.amedd.army.mil NR 25 TC 18 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0099-2399 J9 J ENDODONT JI J. Endod. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 31 IS 8 BP 613 EP 615 DI 10.1097/01.don.0000153840.94227.87 PG 3 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 949ER UT WOS:000230768200011 PM 16044047 ER PT J AU Britton, JP Filz, GM Little, JC AF Britton, JP Filz, GM Little, JC TI The effect of variability in hydraulic conductivity on contaminant transport through soil-bentonite cutoff walls SO JOURNAL OF GEOTECHNICAL AND GEOENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID SPATIAL VARIABILITY; FLOW AB Statistical analyses of data sets from five case histories indicate that soil-bentonite hydraulic conductivity is distributed log normally. The advection-diffusion equation was used to investigate the impact of log-normal variation in hydraulic conductivity on both steady-state and transient contaminant flux through a cutoff wall with idealized initial and boundary conditions. The results demonstrate that contaminant flux through cutoff walls increases as the variability in hydraulic conductivity increases while all other variables are held constant, including the area-weighted average conductivity. The effect of variability is most pronounced when advective transport and diffusive transport act in opposite directions, as occurs for circumferential cutoff walls that are operated with inward-directed hydraulic gradients to contain contaminated ground water. In this case, the increase in total outward flux due to variability of hydraulic conductivity occurs because the increase in inward advective flux in areas where the seepage velocity is higher than average is more than offset by the increase in outward diffusive flux in areas where the seepage velocity is lower than average. C1 Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Portland, OR 97208 USA. RP Britton, JP (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM jeremy.p.brition@usace.army.in; filz@vt.edu; jcl@vt.edu RI Little, John/B-4154-2009; Lucas, Elizabeth/E-2733-2010 NR 17 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 7 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 1090-0241 J9 J GEOTECH GEOENVIRON JI J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 131 IS 8 BP 951 EP 957 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2005)131:8(951) PG 7 WC Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA 946YW UT WOS:000230610200002 ER PT J AU Frenia, D Nathan, SD Ahmad, S Guerrero, M Distefano, D Massamiano, P Lefrak, E Burton, N AF Frenia, D Nathan, SD Ahmad, S Guerrero, M Distefano, D Massamiano, P Lefrak, E Burton, N TI Successful lung transplantation from a donor with a saddle pulmonary embolus SO JOURNAL OF HEART AND LUNG TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article ID CRITERIA; CARE AB Pulmonary embolus has received scant attention as a contraindication to lung donation. Reported is a case of a saddle pulmonary embolus successfully treated with thrombolytics in a donor whose lung was ultimately successfully transplanted. Discussed are the theoretical likelihood of thromboembolus in potential lung donors and the possible implications of pulmonary embolism on donor selection and lung physiology around the time of transplantation. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Inova Transplant Ctr, Fairfax, VA USA. Washington Reg Transplant Consortium, Washington, DC USA. Inova Heart Ctr, Fairfax, VA USA. RP Frenia, D (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM dsfrenia@comcast.net NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1053-2498 J9 J HEART LUNG TRANSPL JI J. Heart Lung Transplant. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 24 IS 8 BP 1137 EP 1139 DI 10.1016/j.healun.2004.06.027 PG 3 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Respiratory System; Surgery; Transplantation SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Respiratory System; Surgery; Transplantation GA 956LG UT WOS:000231300600033 PM 16102459 ER PT J AU Salerno, SM Jackson, JL Berbano, EP AF Salerno, SM Jackson, JL Berbano, EP TI The impact of oral phenylpropanolamine on blood pressure: a meta-analysis and review of the literature SO JOURNAL OF HUMAN HYPERTENSION LA English DT Review ID CLINICAL-TRIALS; TRANSIENT HYPERTENSION; NORMOTENSIVE SUBJECTS; STABLE HYPERTENSION; ENERGY-EXPENDITURE; HEALTHY-SUBJECTS; CAFFEINE; PSEUDOEPHEDRINE; HYDROCHLORIDE; EXERCISE AB Oral phenylpropanolamine is commonly used to treat congestion and obesity. Clinicians often wonder what effect it has on blood pressure and whether they are safe in hypertensive patients. The purpose of our systematic review was to assess whether these drugs cause clinically meaningful elevations in pulse or blood pressure. English-language, randomized, placebo-controlled trials of oral phenylpropanolamine in adults with extractable data on pulse or blood pressure were studied. MEDLINE ( 1966 - 2003), Embase, the Cohcrane library and reviewed article references were used as sources. Systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and heart rate data were extracted. Additional extracted data included demographics, year, study design, study duration, drug dose and frequency, duration of washout and country. Study quality was assessed using the methods of Jadad and data were synthesized using a random effects model using weighted mean differences. In all, 33 trials reporting 48 treatment arms with 2165 patients were included. Phenylpropanolamine increased SBP 5.5 mmHg (95% CI: 3.1 - 8.0) and DBP 4.1 mmHg ( 95% CI: 2.2 - 6.0) with no effect on pulse. Patients with controlled hypertension were not at greater risk of blood pressure elevation. Immediate release preparations had greater effects on blood pressure than sustained release ones. Higher doses and shorter duration use also caused greater increases. Eighteen studies contained at least one treated subject having blood pressure elevations >= 140/90 mmHg, an increase in SBP >= 15 mmHg or an increase in DBP >= 10 mmHg. In conclusion, phenylpropanolamine caused a small, but significant increase in systolic blood pressure. The effect was more pronounced with shorter-term administration, higher doses of medication and immediate release formulations. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Salerno, SM (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, MCHKDM,1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. EM smsalerno@mindspring.com NR 47 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 3 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0950-9240 J9 J HUM HYPERTENS JI J. Hum. Hypertens. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 19 IS 8 BP 643 EP 652 DI 10.1038/sj.jhh.1001869 PG 10 WC Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 947LL UT WOS:000230646100009 PM 15944721 ER PT J AU Jia, YF Scott, S Xu, YC Huang, SL Wang, SSY AF Jia, YF Scott, S Xu, YC Huang, SL Wang, SSY TI Three-dimensional numerical simulation and analysis of flows around a submerged weir in a channel bendway SO JOURNAL OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article DE numerical analysis; flow simulation; secondary flow; turbulent flow; three-dimensional models; channel bends; hydraulic structures; weirs ID MODEL; RIVER; VERIFICATION AB To improve navigation conditions for barges passing through river channels, many submerged weirs (SWs) have been installed along the bendways of many waterways by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. This paper presents results from three-dimensional numerical simulations that were conducted to study the helical secondary current (HSC) and the near-field flow distribution around one SW. The simulated flow fields around a SW in,a scale physical model were validated using experimental data. The three-dimensional flow fields around a SW, the influence of the SW on general HSC, and the implication of effectiveness of submerged weirs to realign the flow field and improve navigability in bendways were analyzed. The numerical simulations indicated that the SW significantly altered the general HSC. Its presence induced a skewed pressure difference cross its top and a triangular-shaped recirculation to the downstream side. The over-top flow tends to realign toward the inner bank and therefore improves conditions for navigation. C1 Univ Mississippi, Natl Ctr Computat Hydrosci & Engn, University, MS 38677 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Jia, YF (reprint author), Univ Mississippi, Natl Ctr Computat Hydrosci & Engn, University, MS 38677 USA. EM jia@ncche.olemiss.edu; Steve.H.Scott@erdc.usace.army.mil; xu@ncche.olemiss.edu; wang@ncche.olemiss.edu NR 33 TC 33 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 6 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9429 J9 J HYDRAUL ENG-ASCE JI J. Hydraul. Eng.-ASCE PD AUG PY 2005 VL 131 IS 8 BP 682 EP 693 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(2005)131:8(682) PG 12 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Mechanical; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 949SO UT WOS:000230808600005 ER PT J AU Laoprasopwattana, K Libraty, DH Endy, TP Nisalak, A Chunsuttiwat, S Vaughn, DW Reed, G Ennis, FA Rothman, AL Green, S AF Laoprasopwattana, K Libraty, DH Endy, TP Nisalak, A Chunsuttiwat, S Vaughn, DW Reed, G Ennis, FA Rothman, AL Green, S TI Dengue virus (DV) enhancing antibody activity in preillness plasma does not predict subsequent disease severity or viremia in secondary DV infection SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Symposium on Positive Strand RNA Viruses CY MAY 27-JUN 01, 2004 CL San Francisco, CA ID PRIMARY-SCHOOL CHILDREN; JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS; DEPENDENT ENHANCEMENT; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; GAMMA-INTERFERON; KAMPHAENG PHET; SHOCK SYNDROME; THAILAND; CELLS; IDENTIFICATION AB Background. Dengue hemorrhagic fever, the most severe form of dengue illness, is associated with secondary dengue virus (DV) infection. Preexisting nonneutralizing antibodies to DV that enhance the infection of Fcg receptor bearing cells have been implicated in DV pathogenesis. Methods. We conducted a prospective cohort study in Thai schoolchildren. Enhancing activity (EA) was measured as the percentage of DV-infected K562 cells, and viral titer (infected K562 cell supernatants) was measured in preillness plasma samples from children who subsequently had secondary DV2 or DV3 infection. Results. Plaque-reduction neutralizing titers to the child's own DV2 or DV3 isolate were detected in 23 of 32 and 8 of 27 of the preillness plasma samples, and EA was detected to a low-passage Thai DV2 or DV3 in 31 of 32 and 26 of 27, respectively, of the samples. EA in undiluted preillness plasma did not correlate with subsequent disease severity or peak viremia levels in either secondary DV2 or DV3 infections. Conclusions. Preillness plasma enhances DV infection of K562 cells even in the presence of detectable neutralizing antibodies in LLC-MK2 cells. However, levels of preillness plasma EA of DV infection in K562 cells did not correlate with the clinical severity or viral burden of secondary DV infection. C1 Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Ctr Infect Dis & Vaccine Res, Worcester, MA 01655 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Prevent & Behav Med, Worcester, MA 01655 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Virus Res, Washington, DC USA. USA, Med Res & Mat Command, Ft Detrick, MD USA. Minist Publ Hlth, Div Gen Commun Dis, Dept Commun Dis Control, Bangkok, Thailand. USA, Med Component, Dept Virol, Armed Forces Inst Med Sci, Bangkok, Thailand. Songklanagarind Hosp, Dept Pediat, Songkhla, Thailand. RP Green, S (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Ctr Infect Dis & Vaccine Res, 55 Lake Ave N,Rm S5-326, Worcester, MA 01655 USA. EM sharone.green@umassmed.edu FU NIAID NIH HHS [P01-AI-34533, K08 AI01729, U19 AI057319] NR 39 TC 58 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 3 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD AUG 1 PY 2005 VL 192 IS 3 BP 510 EP 519 DI 10.1086/431520 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 943WZ UT WOS:000230387500021 PM 15995967 ER PT J AU Kauvar, DS Brown, BD Braswell, AW Harnisch, M AF Kauvar, DS Brown, BD Braswell, AW Harnisch, M TI Laparoscopic cholecystectomy in the elderly: Increased operative complications and conversions to laparotomy SO JOURNAL OF LAPAROENDOSCOPIC & ADVANCED SURGICAL TECHNIQUES LA English DT Article ID ACUTE CHOLECYSTITIS; GERIATRIC POPULATION; MANAGEMENT; OLDER AB Background: The incidence of gallstones increases with age and as the proportion of the population 65 years of age and older continues to grow, increased demand for laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) in the geriatric population is likely. LC has advantages over open cholecystectomy, but comparative evaluation of the procedure in elderly patients is lacking. Methods: We performed a two-year review of patients undergoing LC at our institution. Demographic information, diagnosis, operation performed, and operative complications were recorded. Patients were placed into two groups by age: 65 years and older, and those younger than 65 years of age. Primary outcome measures were complication rate and conversions to laparotomy. Results: A total of 315 patients underwent LC during the study period, of whom 59 (19%) were 65 years of age or older. The older age group experienced higher rates of conversion to an open procedure (22% vs. 2.7%, P < 0.05), and operative complications (17% vs. 3.1%, P < 0.05). Elderly patients also had longer operative times (108 +/- 55 minutes vs. 83 +/- 34 minutes, P < 0.05). Acute (31% vs. 16%) and chronic (14% vs. 7.4%) cholecystitis were the operative diagnoses in a greater proportion of patients in the older age group, and elderly patients were more likely to have had prior upper abdominal surgery (8.5% vs. 1.6%, P < 0.05). Conclusion: LC in the geriatric population carries increased risk for conversion to laparotomy and operative complications compared to LC in younger patients. This is likely due to increased acuity and chronic right upper quadrant inflammation in this population. Surgeons should bear these issues in mind in the counseling and care of these patients. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Gen Surg, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Kauvar, DS (reprint author), MCHE SDG, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM david.kauvar@amedd.army.mil NR 11 TC 37 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1092-6429 J9 J LAPAROENDOSC ADV S JI J. Laparoendosc. Adv. Surg. Tech. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 15 IS 4 BP 379 EP 382 DI 10.1089/lap.2005.15.379 PG 4 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 970IO UT WOS:000232298700007 PM 16108740 ER PT J AU Felt, SA White, CE AF Felt, SA White, CE TI Evaluation of a timed and repeated perianal tape test for the detection of pinworms (Trypanoxyuris microon) in owl monkeys (Aotus nancymae) SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL PRIMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE basophilia; dewormers; diagnostic testing; eosinophilia; New World monkey; nonhuman primates; oxyurid ID TRIVIRGATUS; HEMATOLOGY AB The purpose of this project was to determine if the detection of pinworm infections in owl monkeys (Aotus nancymae) could be improved by performing perianal tape testing at specific times of the day and/or by performing repeated sampling. Eight Aotus known to be infected with pinworms were sampled at four selected time points (06:00, 12:00, 18:00 and 24:00 hours) over the course of a 3-week period. Samples were examined microscopically and oxyurid eggs were quantified. Results revealed no significant differences in time points, but did indicate that repeated sampling significantly improved pinworm egg detection. Results also determined that Aotus housed with an infected cagemate are at an approximately 14-times greater risk of being infected than animals housed without an infected cagemate. Lastly, results indicated no significant difference between peripheral eosinophil and basophil numbers from infected and clean animals. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Naval Med Res Ctr, Div Vet Med, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Felt, SA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Naval Med Res Ctr, Div Vet Med, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM stephen.felt@na.amedd.army.mil NR 11 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0047-2565 J9 J MED PRIMATOL JI J. Med. Primatol. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 34 IS 4 BP 209 EP 214 DI 10.1111/j.1600-0684.2005.00111.x PG 6 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 937GV UT WOS:000229913500007 PM 16053499 ER PT J AU Miller, KJ Schwab, KA Warden, DL AF Miller, KJ Schwab, KA Warden, DL TI Predictive value of an early Glasgow Outcome Scale score: 15-month score changes SO JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY LA English DT Article DE head injury; traumatic brain injury; Glasgow Outcome Scale; severity outcome prediction ID SEVERE HEAD-INJURY; TRAUMATIC BRAIN-INJURY; DISABILITY; RECOVERY; REHABILITATION; PROGNOSIS; SEVERITY; MODERATE AB Object. Does an early Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) assessment provide a reliable indicator of later outcome in a patient with traumatic brain injury (TBI)? The authors examined the utility of the GOS during early treatment as a predictor of outcome score 15 months postinjury by analyzing outcome score change in a group of patients with closed head injuries. Methods. Glasgow Outcome Scale scores assessed within 3 months of injury (baseline) were compared with scores obtained at 15 months postinjury in 121 patients, primarily young military personnel. Score changes between baseline and 8 months postinjury were also studied in a subgroup of 72 patients. The impact of initial injury severity (determined by the duration of unconsciousness) on score change was also explored. The GOS scores at three time points within the 15-month period-baseline (within 3 months of injury), 8, and 15 months postinjury-were examined to ascertain when the maximal GOS score had been reached. Conclusions. Baseline GOS score was a reliable predictor of outcome in patients with an initial score of 5 (no disability) or 4 (mild disability), but not in patients with an initial score of 3 (severe disability). Patients who remained unconscious for more than 24 hours did not have significantly lower outcome scores than those who experienced loss of consciousness for less than 24 hours at 15 months postinjury. Interestingly, the duration of unconsciousness did not affect the likelihood of an improved score during the study period in patients with a GOS score of 3 or 4 at baseline. An updated evaluation conducted after the early phases of treatment is needed to provide a realistic prognosis of severe TBI. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Def & Vet Brain Injury Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Neurol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Schwab, KA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Brain Injury Ctr, POB 59181, Washington, DC 20012 USA. EM Karen.Schwab@na.amedd.army.mil NR 27 TC 22 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC NEUROLOGICAL SURGEONS PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA UNIV VIRGINIA, 1224 WEST MAIN ST, STE 450, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903 USA SN 0022-3085 J9 J NEUROSURG JI J. Neurosurg. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 103 IS 2 BP 239 EP 245 DI 10.3171/jns.2005.103.2.0239 PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology; Surgery SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Surgery GA 957KI UT WOS:000231368300008 PM 16175852 ER PT J AU Donovan, DJ Huynh, TV Purdom, EB Johnson, RE Sniezek, JC AF Donovan, DJ Huynh, TV Purdom, EB Johnson, RE Sniezek, JC TI Osteoradionecrosis of the cervical spine resulting from radiotherapy for primary head and neck malignancies: operative and nonoperative management SO JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY-SPINE LA English DT Article DE osteoradionecrosis; cervical spine; spinal fusion; vascularized fibular graft; hyperbaric oxygen ID FIBULAR STRUT GRAFT; HYPERBARIC-OXYGEN THERAPY; OF-THE-LITERATURE; HYOID BONE; RECONSTRUCTION; FUSION; KYPHOSIS; PATIENT AB Osteoradionecrosis is a process of dysvascular bone necrosis and fibrous replacement following exposure to high doses of radiation. The poorly vascularized necrotic tissue may cause pain and/or instability, and it cannot resist infection well, which may result in secondary osteomyelitis. When these processes affect the cervical spine, the resulting instability and neurological deficits can be devastating, and immediate reestablishment of spinal stability is paramount. Reconstruction of the cervical spine can be particularly challenging in this subgroup of patients in whom the spine is poorly vascularized after radical surgery, high-dose irradiation, and infection. The authors report three cases of cervical spine osteoradionecrosis following radiotherapy for primary head and neck malignancies. Two patients suffered secondary osteomyelitis, severe spinal deformity, and spinal cord compression. These patients underwent surgery in which a vascularized fibular graft and instrumentation were used to reconstruct the cervical spine; subsequently hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy was instituted. Fusion occurred, spinal stability was restored, and neurological dysfunction resolved at the 2- and 4-year follow-up examinations, respectively. The third patient experienced pain and dysphagia but did not have osteomyelitis, spinal instability, or neurological deficits. He underwent HBO therapy alone, with improved symptoms and imaging findings. Hyperbaric oxygen is an essential part of treatment for osteoradionecrosis and may be sufficient by itself for uncomplicated cases, but surgery is required for patients with spinal instability, spinal cord compression, and/or infection. A vascularized fibular bone graft is a very helpful adjunct in these patients because it adds little morbidity and may increase the rate of spinal fusion. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Neurosurg Serv, Dept Surg, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Univ Hawaii, John A Burns Sch Med, Dept Radiat Oncol, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg Serv, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Donovan, DJ (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Neurol Surg Serv, 1 Jarret White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. EM Daniel.Donovan@amedd.army.mil NR 19 TC 23 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC NEUROLOGICAL SURGEONS PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA UNIV VIRGINIA, 1224 WEST MAIN ST, STE 450, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903 USA SN 0022-3085 J9 J NEUROSURG-SPINE JI J. Neurosurg.-Spine PD AUG PY 2005 VL 3 IS 2 BP 159 EP 164 DI 10.3171/spi.2005.3.2.0159 PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology; Surgery SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Surgery GA 957KJ UT WOS:000231368400012 PM 16370306 ER PT J AU Mlakar, PF AF Mlakar, PF TI The Pentagon building performance study SO JOURNAL OF PERFORMANCE OF CONSTRUCTED FACILITIES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Mlakar, PF (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM Paul.F.Mlakar@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0887-3828 J9 J PERFORM CONSTR FAC JI J. Perform. Constr. Facil. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 19 IS 3 BP 188 EP 188 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0887-3828(2005)19:3(188) PG 1 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA 948HQ UT WOS:000230707100002 ER PT J AU Mlakar, PF Dusenberry, DO Harris, JR Haynes, G Phan, LT Sozen, MA AF Mlakar, PF Dusenberry, DO Harris, JR Haynes, G Phan, LT Sozen, MA TI September 11, 2001, airliner crash into the Pentagon SO JOURNAL OF PERFORMANCE OF CONSTRUCTED FACILITIES LA English DT Article DE terrorism; Virginia; buildings; office; collisions; aircraft; fires AB The Pentagon was constructed between September 1941 and January 1943. A substantial renovation of the entire 6.6 million sq ft (610,000 sq m) facility began in 1999 and is scheduled for completion in 2010. On September 11, 2001, a hijacked commercial airliner crashed into the building. One-hundred eighty-nine persons were killed and a portion of the building was damaged by the associated impact, deflagration, and fire. C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Simpson Gumpertz & Heger Inc, Waltham, MA 02453 USA. JR Harris & Co, Denver, CO 80203 USA. Bur Alcohol Tobacco & Firearms, Arson & Explos Div, Washington, DC 20001 USA. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Bldg & Fire Res Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. Purdue Univ, Sch Civil Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Mlakar, PF (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM paul.f.mlakar@erdc.usace.army.mil; dodusenberry@sgh.com; jim.harris@jrharrisandco.com; gahaynes@atfhq.atf.treas.gov; long.phan@nist.gov; sozen@cerico.ecn.purdue.edu NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0887-3828 J9 J PERFORM CONSTR FAC JI J. Perform. Constr. Facil. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 19 IS 3 BP 189 EP 196 DI 10.1061/(ACSE)0887-3828(2005)19:3(189) PG 8 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA 948HQ UT WOS:000230707100003 ER PT J AU Mlakar, PF Dusenberry, DO Harris, JR Haynes, G Phan, LT Sozen, MA AF Mlakar, PF Dusenberry, DO Harris, JR Haynes, G Phan, LT Sozen, MA TI Description of structural damage caused by the terrorist attack on the Pentagon SO JOURNAL OF PERFORMANCE OF CONSTRUCTED FACILITIES LA English DT Article DE terrorism; damage assessment; Virginia; buildings; office; structural analysis AB On September 11, 2001, an airliner was intentionally crashed into the Pentagon. It struck at the first elevated slab on the west wall, and slid approximately 310 ft (94.5 m) diagonally into the building. The force of the collision demolished numerous columns and the facade of the exterior wall, and induced damage to first-floor columns and the first elevated slab over an area approximately 90 ft (27.4 m) wide and 310 ft (94.5 m) long. None of the building collapsed immediately. The portion that remained standing, even after an intense fire, sustained substantial damage at the first-floor level. C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Simpson Gumpertz & Heger Inc, Waltham, MA 02453 USA. JR Harris & Co, Denver, CO 80203 USA. Bur Alcohol Tobacco & Firearms, Arson & Explos Div, Washington, DC 20001 USA. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Bldg & Fire Res Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. Purdue Univ, Sch Civil Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Mlakar, PF (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM paul.f.mlakar@erdc.usace.army.mil; dodusenberry@sgh.com; jim.harris@jrharrisandco.com; gahaynes@atfhq.atf.treas.gov; long.phan@nist.gov; sozen@cerico.een.purdue.edu NR 3 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0887-3828 J9 J PERFORM CONSTR FAC JI J. Perform. Constr. Facil. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 19 IS 3 BP 197 EP 205 DI 10.1061/(ACSE)0887-3828(2005)19:3(197) PG 9 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA 948HQ UT WOS:000230707100004 ER PT J AU Mlakar, PF Dusenberry, DO Harris, JR Haynes, G Phan, LT Sozen, MA AF Mlakar, PF Dusenberry, DO Harris, JR Haynes, G Phan, LT Sozen, MA TI Toughness of the Pentagon structure SO JOURNAL OF PERFORMANCE OF CONSTRUCTED FACILITIES LA English DT Article DE terrorism; Virginia; buildings; office; collisions; structural analysis; structural reliability AB On September 11, 2001, the reinforced concrete structure of the Pentagon Building was able to resist, without collapse, the impact of a large commercial airliner despite the total loss of 26 columns and severe damage to 15 columns at the ground level. The ensuing fire and related fire-fighting activities led to the collapse of a portion of the building approximately one-half hour after the impact. In this paper, the reasons for the demonstrated toughness of the reinforced concrete structure are examined and attributed to use of spiral columns, effective splicing of reinforcing bars, strong girders, and short span lengths. C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Simpson Gumpertz & Heger Inc, Waltham, MA 02453 USA. JR Harris & Co, Denver, CO 80203 USA. Bur Alcohol Tobacco & Firearms, Arson & Explos Div, Washington, DC 20001 USA. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Bldg & Fire Res Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. Purdue Univ, Sch Civil Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Mlakar, PF (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM paul.f.mlakar@erde.usace.army.mil; dodusenberry@sgh.com; jim.harris@jrharrisandco.com; gahaynes@atfhq.atf.treas.gov; long.phan@nist.gov; sozen@cerico.ecn.purdue.edu NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0887-3828 J9 J PERFORM CONSTR FAC JI J. Perform. Constr. Facil. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 19 IS 3 BP 206 EP 211 DI 10.1061/(ACSE)0887-3828(2005)19:3(206) PG 6 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA 948HQ UT WOS:000230707100005 ER PT J AU Mlakar, PF Dusenberry, DO Harris, JR Haynes, G Phan, LT Sozen, MA AF Mlakar, PF Dusenberry, DO Harris, JR Haynes, G Phan, LT Sozen, MA TI Response to fire exposure of the Pentagon structural elements SO JOURNAL OF PERFORMANCE OF CONSTRUCTED FACILITIES LA English DT Article DE terrorism; Virginia; buildings; office; structural analysis; structural elements; damage assessment AB An overview of fire damage sustained by the Pentagon structural elements in the September 11, 2001, terrorist attack is provided. The fire intensity in some compartments of the affected areas inside the Pentagon was approximated to be between those of the two standard fire exposures ASTM E119 and E1529, based on the observed fire damage and estimated fuel load. Thermal analyses of the structural columns and beams were performed using the standard fire exposures to demonstrate the increased vulnerability of these structural elements once the concrete cover was lost. C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Simpson Gumpertz & Heger Inc, Waltham, MA 02453 USA. JR Harris & Co, Denver, CO 80203 USA. Bur Alcohol Tobacco & Firearms, Arson & Explos Div, Washington, DC 20001 USA. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Bldg & Fire Res Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. Purdue Univ, Sch Civil Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Mlakar, PF (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM paul.f.mlakar@erdc.usace.army.mil; dodusenberry@sgh.com; jim.harris@jrharrisandco.com; gahaynes@atfhq.atf.treas.gov; long.phan@nist.gov; sozen@cerico.ecn.purdue.edu NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0887-3828 J9 J PERFORM CONSTR FAC JI J. Perform. Constr. Facil. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 19 IS 3 BP 212 EP 219 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0887-3828(2005)19:3(212) PG 8 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA 948HQ UT WOS:000230707100006 ER PT J AU Mlakar, PF Dusenberry, DO Harris, JR Haynes, G Phan, LT Sozen, MA AF Mlakar, PF Dusenberry, DO Harris, JR Haynes, G Phan, LT Sozen, MA TI Conclusions and recommendations from the Pentagon crash SO JOURNAL OF PERFORMANCE OF CONSTRUCTED FACILITIES LA English DT Editorial Material DE terrorism; Virginia; buildings; office; collisions; remedial action; structural reliability AB The devastation in the September 11, 2001 terrorist attack on the Pentagon was reduced by the building's resilient structural system. The continuity, redundancy, and energy-absorbing capacity embodied in this system should be incorporated in structures whose resistance to progressive collapse is important. Research should be conducted in the practical implementation of these measures for mitigation. C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Simpson Gumpertz & Heger Inc, Waltham, MA 02453 USA. JR Harris & Co, Denver, CO 80203 USA. Bur Alcohol Tobacco o& Firearms, Arson & Explos Div, Washington, DC 20001 USA. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Bldg & Fire Res Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. Purdue Univ, Sch Civil Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Mlakar, PF (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM paul.f.mlakar@erdc.usace.army.mil; dodusenberry@sgh.com; jim.harris@jrharrisandco.com; gahaynes@atfhq.atf.treas.gov; long.phan@nist.gov; sozen@cerico.ecn.purdue.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0887-3828 J9 J PERFORM CONSTR FAC JI J. Perform. Constr. Facil. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 19 IS 3 BP 220 EP 221 DI 10.1061/(ACSE)0887-3828(2005)19:3(220) PG 2 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA 948HQ UT WOS:000230707100007 ER PT J AU Bailey, DM Bradford, D AF Bailey, DM Bradford, D TI Membrane and flashing defects in low-slope roofing: Causes and effects on performance SO JOURNAL OF PERFORMANCE OF CONSTRUCTED FACILITIES LA English DT Article DE roofs; defects; performance characteristics; serviceability; construction management AB Good roof performance requires proper design and specification, quality materials, professional workmanship, and proactive maintenance. Shortcomings in any phase of roof asset management will compromise performance and shorten service life. The objective of this study was to identify relationships between roof asset management processes and performance problems identified in an inventory of United States Army low-slope membrane roofs. First a review of literature pertaining to roof asset management was conducted. Next, a large Army roof inspection database was analyzed to identify the types and relative frequencies of common defects, and their impacts on performance. The writers and experienced inspectors then applied both engineering and field experience to provide expert analysis of the data. Approximately 75% of the performance problems in the sampled inventory were attributable to deficiencies caused by factors other than natural degradation. The writers conclude that roof performance can be significantly improved by strengthening quality assurance processes during installation, particularly by ensuring that installers comply with contract specifications and utilize industry-accepted construction practices. C1 USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61826 USA. Bradford Roof Management, Billings, MT 59104 USA. RP Bailey, DM (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Construct Engn Res Lab, POB 9005, Champaign, IL 61826 USA. EM david.m.bailey@erdc.usace.army.mil; dane@bradfordroof.com NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0887-3828 J9 J PERFORM CONSTR FAC JI J. Perform. Constr. Facil. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 19 IS 3 BP 234 EP 243 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0887-3828(2005)19:3(234) PG 10 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA 948HQ UT WOS:000230707100010 ER PT J AU Jones, A AF Jones, A TI An examination of three sets of MMPI-2 personality disorder scales SO JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY DISORDERS LA English DT Article ID INCREMENTAL VALIDITY; CONVERGENT VALIDITY; MCMI-II; ISSUES; MATRICES; CRITERIA AB Three sets of personality disorder scales (PD scales) can be scored for the MMPI-2 (Butcher, Dahlstrom, Graham, Tellegen, & Kaemnier, 1989). Two sets (Levitt & Gotts. 1995; Morey, Waugh, & Blashfield, 1985) are derived from the MMPI (Hathaway & McKinley, 1983), and a third set (Somwaru & Ben-Porath, 1995) is based on the MMPI-2. There is no validity research for the Levitt and Gotts scale, and limited validity research is available for the Somwaru and Ben-Porath scales. There is a large body of research suggesting that the Morey et al. scales have good to excellent convergent validity when compared to a variety of other measures of personality disorders. Since the Morey et al. scales have established validity, there is a question if additional sets of PD scales are needed. The primary purpose of this research was to determine if the PD scales developed by Levitt and Gotts and those developed by Somwaru and Ben-Porath contribute incrementally to the scales developed by Morey et al. in predicting corresponding scales on the MCMI-II (Millon, 1987). In a sample of 494 individuals evaluated at an Army medical center, a hierarchical regression analysis demonstrated that the Sornwaru and Ben-Porath Borderline, Antisocial, and Schizoid PD scales and the Levitt and Gotts Narcissistic and Histrionic scales contributed significantly and meaningfully to the Morey et al. scales in predicting the corresponding MCMI-II (Millon, 1987) scale. However, only the Soinwaru. and Ben-Porath scales demonstrated acceptable internal consistency and convergent validity. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Jones, A (reprint author), Landstuhl Reg Med Ctr, CMR, Box 150, APO, AE 09180 USA. EM alvin.jones@lnd.amedd.army.mil NR 42 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU GUILFORD PUBLICATIONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 72 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10012 USA SN 0885-579X J9 J PERS DISORD JI J. Pers. Disord. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 19 IS 4 BP 370 EP 385 DI 10.1521/pedi.2005.19.4.370 PG 16 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 965NK UT WOS:000231957100003 PM 16178680 ER PT J AU Cardello, AV AF Cardello, AV TI Commentary: Direct versus indirect scaling: The gnashing of psychophysical worldviews SO JOURNAL OF SENSORY STUDIES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA, Sci & Adv Technol Directorate, Sensory & Consumer Sci, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Cardello, AV (reprint author), USA, Sci & Adv Technol Directorate, Sensory & Consumer Sci, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM armand.cardello@us.army.mil NR 6 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 4 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0887-8250 J9 J SENS STUD JI J. Sens. Stud. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 20 IS 4 BP 373 EP 379 DI 10.1111/j.1745-459X.2005.00032.x PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 957TZ UT WOS:000231397500008 ER PT J AU Dreisbach, LE Leek, MR Lentz, JJ AF Dreisbach, LE Leek, MR Lentz, JJ TI Perception of spectral contrast by hearing-impaired listeners SO JOURNAL OF SPEECH LANGUAGE AND HEARING RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 139th Meeting of the Acoustical-Society-of-America CY MAY 30-JUN 03, 2000 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Acoust Soc Amer DE hearing loss; psychoacoustics; harmonic complexes; phase; level ID MASKING PERIOD PATTERNS; PHASE HARMONIC COMPLEXES; FREQUENCY-SELECTIVITY; VOWEL IDENTIFICATION; AUDITORY-NERVE; LEVEL; REPRESENTATION; SIGNALS AB The ability to discriminate the spectral shapes of complex sounds is critical to accurate, speech perception. Part of the difficulty experienced by listeners with hearing loss in understanding speech sounds in noise maybe related to a smearing of the internal representation of the spectral peaks and valleys because of the loss of sensitivity and an accompanying reduction in frequency resolution. This study examined the discrimination by hearing-impaired listeners of highly similar harmonic complexes with a single spectral peak located in 1 of 3 frequency regions. The minimum level difference between peak and background harmonics required to discriminate a small change in the spectral center of the peak was measured for peaks located near 2, 3, or 4 kHz. Component phases were selected according to an algorithm thought to produce either highly modulated (positive Schroeder) or very flat (negative Schroeder) internal waveform envelopes in the cochlea. The mean amplitude difference between a spectral peak and the background components required for discrimination of pairs of harmonic complexes (spectral contrast threshold) was from 4 to 19,dB greater for listeners with hearing impairment than for a control group of listeners with normal hearing. In normal-hearing listeners, improvements in threshold were seen with increasing stimulus level, and there was a strong effect of stimulus phase, as the positive Schroeder stimuli always produced lower thresholds than the negative Schroeder stimuli. The listeners with hearing loss showed no consistent spectral contrast effects due to stimulus phase and also showed little improvement with increasing stimulus level, once their sensitivity loss was overcome. The lack of phase and level effects may be a result of the more linear processing occurring in impaired ears, producing poorer-than-normal frequency resolution, a loss of gain for low amplitudes, and an altered cochlear phase characteristic in regions of damage. C1 San Diego State Univ, Sch Speech Language & Hearing Sci, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN USA. RP Dreisbach, LE (reprint author), San Diego State Univ, Sch Speech Language & Hearing Sci, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. EM ldreisba@mail.sdsu.edu FU NIDCD NIH HHS [DC R01 00626] NR 24 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SPEECH-LANGUAGE-HEARING ASSOC PI ROCKVILLE PA 10801 ROCKVILLE PIKE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20852-3279 USA SN 1092-4388 J9 J SPEECH LANG HEAR R JI J. Speech Lang. Hear. Res. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 48 IS 4 BP 910 EP 921 DI 10.1044/1092-4388(2005/063) PG 12 WC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Linguistics; Rehabilitation SC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Linguistics; Rehabilitation GA 993SI UT WOS:000233974900015 PM 16378482 ER PT J AU Groth, AT Kuklo, TR Klemme, WR Polly, DW Schroeder, TM AF Groth, AT Kuklo, TR Klemme, WR Polly, DW Schroeder, TM TI Comparison of sagittal contour and posterior disc height following interbody fusion - Threaded cylindrical cages versus structural allograft versus vertical cages SO JOURNAL OF SPINAL DISORDERS & TECHNIQUES LA English DT Article DE lumbar fusion; sagittal contour; posterior disc height; threaded cage; vertical cage; structural allograft ID LUMBAR SPINE; INSTRUMENTATION; DISTRACTION; STENOSIS; FORAMEN AB Objective: Segmental restoration of sagittal contour is recognized as critical for improved long-term success following instrumented lumbar fusions. As such, the use of wedged implants has become more popular. Few studies exist to assess the postoperative lordotic and disc height changes following these varied techniques in spinal fusion. An observational radiographic study examining lumbar sagittal contour and posterior intervertebral disc space height following posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) or transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) was conducted using vertical cages (VCs), wedged structural allograft (WSA), and threaded cylindrical cages (TCCs). Methods: Forty-nine consecutive patients (59 spinal segments) were evaluated following single- or two-level interbody fusion with either stand-alone TCCs (n = 18 levels), WSA with posterior transpedicular compression instrumentation (n = 25 levels), or VCs with posterior transpedicular compression instrumentation (n = 16 levels). Standing lumbar radiographs were measured by two independent observers preoperatively, immediately postoperatively (within 1 week), at 6-week follow-up (range 4-8 weeks), and postoperatively (at 1-year follow-up) for segmental lordosis at each level undergoing posterior interbody arthrodesis and posterior intervertebral disc space height to assess indirect nerve root decompression. Results: At the 1-year follow-up, postoperative lordosis was improved in the VC group (+5.3 degrees; P < 0.005), whereas it decreased in the WSA group (-0.9 degrees; P = 0.407) and TCC group (-3.5 degrees; P < 0.005). The posterior disc space height decreased in the VC group (-0.5 mm; P = 0.109), whereas it increased for both the WSA group (+1.2 mm; P = 0.05) and the TCC group (+0.8 mm; P = 0.219). Conclusions: PLIF with stand-alone TCC and PLIF (or TLIF) with WSA and posterior transpedicular instrumentation results in an increased posterior disc height and thus improved indirect nerve root decompression. PLIF (or TLIF) with VC and posterior transpedicular instrumentation results in an overall decrease in posterior disc height. However, TCC and WSA resulted in a loss of lumbar lordosis, whereas VC resulted in an increase in lumbar lordosis. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Orthopaed Surg Serv, Washington, DC 20007 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Kuklo, TR (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Orthopaed Surg Serv, 3613 S St NW, Washington, DC 20007 USA. EM adam.groth@na.amedd.anny.mil; timothy.kuklo@na.amedd.army.mil RI Groth, Adam/P-9366-2016 OI Groth, Adam/0000-0003-2475-6200 NR 22 TC 20 Z9 27 U1 2 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1536-0652 J9 J SPINAL DISORD TECH JI J. Spinal Disord. Tech. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 18 IS 4 BP 332 EP 336 DI 10.1097/01.bsd.0000163037.17634.89 PG 5 WC Clinical Neurology; Orthopedics SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Orthopedics GA 952SP UT WOS:000231026100007 PM 16021014 ER PT J AU Potter, BK Freedman, BA Verwiebe, EG Hall, JM Polly, DW Kuklo, TR AF Potter, BK Freedman, BA Verwiebe, EG Hall, JM Polly, DW Kuklo, TR TI Transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion - Clinical and radiographic results and complications in 100 consecutive patients SO JOURNAL OF SPINAL DISORDERS & TECHNIQUES LA English DT Article DE transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion; degenerative spondylosis; spondylolisthesis; pseudarthrosis; outcomes ID LOW-BACK-PAIN; ADULT ISTHMIC SPONDYLOLISTHESIS; VISUAL ANALOG SCALE; SPINE-STUDY-GROUP; POSTERIOR; INSTRUMENTATION; SURGERY; PSEUDOARTHROSIS; ARTHRODESIS; FIXATION AB Objective: We retrospectively reviewed the results Of 100 consecutive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusions (TLIFs) performed at one institution. The preoperative diagnoses included degenerative disk disease (55), spondylolisthesis (41; 22 isthmic, 19 degenerative), and degenerative adult scoliosis (4). There were 64 single-level, 33 two-level, 2 three-level, and 1 four-level TLIF (140 levels). Methods: The fusion mass was assessed by an independent observer using biplanar radiography, whereas clinical outcomes were assessed by means of several established outcome measures. Results: By level, the posterolateral fusion was judged to be probably or definitely solid in 78% of levels, whereas the interbody fusion was radiographically solid in 88% of levels, for an overall 93% fusion success/patient (94%/level). All patients had > 24 months of postoperative clinical follow-up, and 82 patients (82%) were available for outcome measure assessment at an average follow-up of 34 months (range 24-61 months) postoperatively. Eighty-one percent of these patients reported a > 50% decrease in their symptoms, and 76% of patients were satisfied with their results to the degree that they would have the procedure again. However, a large percentage of patients experienced incomplete relief of their symptoms. Twenty patients sustained minor complications, and there were no major complications. Conclusions: We conclude that TLIF is a safe and effective method of achieving lumbar fusion with a 93% radiographic fusion success and a nearly 80% rate of overall patient satisfaction but frequently results in incomplete relief of symptoms. Complications resulting from the procedure are uncommon and generally minor and transient. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, Rockville, MD 20853 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, F Edward Hebert Sch Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Minnesota, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Spine Serv, Minneapolis, MN USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, Washington, DC USA. RP Kuklo, TR (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, 15619 Thistlebridge Dr, Rockville, MD 20853 USA. EM Timothy.Kuklo@na.amedd.anny.mil NR 52 TC 97 Z9 126 U1 1 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1536-0652 J9 J SPINAL DISORD TECH JI J. Spinal Disord. Tech. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 18 IS 4 BP 337 EP 346 DI 10.1097/01.bsd.0000166642.69189.45 PG 10 WC Clinical Neurology; Orthopedics SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Orthopedics GA 952SP UT WOS:000231026100008 PM 16021015 ER PT J AU Hayes, JR Woodson, SC Pekelnicky, RG Poland, CD Corley, WG Sozen, M AF Hayes, JR Woodson, SC Pekelnicky, RG Poland, CD Corley, WG Sozen, M TI Can strengthening for earthquake improve blast and progressive collapse resistance? SO JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article DE seismic stability; blast loads; collapse; concrete structures; earthquakes AB Some engineers suggest that current seismic design provisions, both for new buildings and for strengthened existing buildings, can improve resistance to blast loads and progressive collapse. However, there have been few attempts to quantify such improvement. To begin analyzing this possible relationship between seismic detailing and blast and progressive collapse resistance, the Federal Emergency Management Agency of the Department of Homeland Security sponsored a study at the U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center. The study was an analysis of the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building, which was severely damaged in a 1995 terrorist attack. The building was first evaluated for seismic vulnerabilities as if it were located in a seismically active region. Three strengthening schemes were then designed for the vulnerabilities found during the evaluation: a pier-spandrel system and a new special concrete moment frame, both for the street face of the building, and a set of internal shear walls. In addition to these strengthening schemes, the original ordinary concrete moment frame on the street face of the building was redetailed to bring it into compliance with current building code provisions, without including a lateral load analysis. The three strengthening schemes and redetailed frame were then analyzed for their responses to the same explosion that occurred in 1995. Blast and corresponding progressive collapse analyses showed that the pier-spandrel and special moment frame schemes, as well as the redetailed original system, reduced the degree of direct blast-induced damage and subsequent progressive collapse, compared with the behavior of the original building. Internal shear walls, however, were not as effective in reducing the blast and progressive collapse damage. A key finding of the study was that strengthening the perimeter elements using current seismic detailing techniques improved the survivability of the building, while strengthening elements internal to the building envelope was not nearly as effective in reducing damage. C1 USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, CEERD CF M, Champaign, IL 61822 USA. USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, CEERD GS R, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Degenkolb Engineers, San Francisco, CA 94104 USA. Construct Technol Labs, Skokie, IL 60077 USA. Purdue Univ, Sch Civil Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Hayes, JR (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, CEERD CF M, 2902 Newmark Dr, Champaign, IL 61822 USA. NR 14 TC 41 Z9 44 U1 2 U2 14 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9445 J9 J STRUCT ENG-ASCE JI J. Struct. Eng.-ASCE PD AUG PY 2005 VL 131 IS 8 BP 1157 EP 1177 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2005)131:8(1157) PG 21 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA 948HV UT WOS:000230707600001 ER PT J AU Baylot, JT Bullock, B Slawson, TR Woodson, SC AF Baylot, JT Bullock, B Slawson, TR Woodson, SC TI Blast response of lightly attached concrete masonry unit walls SO JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article DE blast loads; concrete masonry; walls; concrete blocks AB Exterior wall panels of structures are often constructed of concrete masonry units (CMUs), commonly known as concrete blocks. These walls may become a debris hazard to building occupants when high explosives, for example, a terrorist vehicle bomb, are detonated outside of a building. A recently completed series of physical experiments is being used to develop methods for predicting the hazard levels associated with CMU walls. Retrofitting techniques have been developed to mitigate these hazards. The experiments included nonretrofitted CMU walls as well as several different types of retrofits. Test data, high-speed video, and posttest inspection of the experiments were used to assess the parameters that affect the response of CMU walls and retrofit systems. The objective of the research presented in this paper is to collect data on the blast response of CMU walls so that improvements can be made to the previously developed Wall Analysis Code (WAC). C1 USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, CEERD GS R, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, CEERD GS V, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Baylot, JT (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, CEERD GS R, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM James.T.Baylot@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 19 TC 33 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9445 J9 J STRUCT ENG-ASCE JI J. Struct. Eng.-ASCE PD AUG PY 2005 VL 131 IS 8 BP 1186 EP 1193 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2005)131:8(1186) PG 8 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA 948HV UT WOS:000230707600003 ER PT J AU Salim, H Dinan, R Shull, J Townsend, PT AF Salim, H Dinan, R Shull, J Townsend, PT TI Shock load capacity of concrete expansion anchoring systems in uncracked concrete SO JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article DE blast loads; bearing capacity; cracking; concrete; anchoring AB Concrete anchoring systems are commonly used in blast resistant wall systems. These anchoring systems are often subjected to large tensile forces in a short time during an external blast event. Previous research has been conducted on anchoring systems to evaluate their response to cyclic and "shock" loads; however, the ultimate capacities of these systems were not determined, and tests were conducted at relatively slow loading rates. In this paper, testing has been performed to determine the ultimate capacity of various expansion anchors at high loading rates, which is characteristic of most blast events. Ultimately, concrete expansion anchors perform differently at high loading rates and some show improved ultimate performance. This paper will present the experimental findings and provide recommendations for anchor design under blast loads. C1 Univ Missouri, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. USAF, Res Lab, MLQF, Tyndall AFB, FL 32404 USA. Black & Veatch Special Projects Corp, Secur Consulting & Design Serv, Overland Pk, KS 66211 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Salim, H (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9445 J9 J STRUCT ENG-ASCE JI J. Struct. Eng.-ASCE PD AUG PY 2005 VL 131 IS 8 BP 1206 EP 1215 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2005)131:8(1206) PG 10 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA 948HV UT WOS:000230707600005 ER PT J AU Salim, H Dinan, R Townsend, PT AF Salim, H Dinan, R Townsend, PT TI Analysis and experimental evaluation of in-fill steel-stud wall systems under blast loading SO JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article DE explosions; blast loads; studs; steel; walls; design AB To be able to develop and advance blast-retrofit technologies, it is crucial first to be able to develop prediction methodologies and engineering design tools. Therefore, this paper will present the analytical modeling and experimental evaluation of steel-stud wall systems under blast loads. The results of the static full-scale wall tests, as well as the component tests, are used to evaluate the structural performance of the walls and provide recommendations for blast-retrofit systems. The analytical and experimental static results are used to develop the static resistance function for the wall systems, which is incorporated into a single degree of freedom dynamic model. The dynamic model will enable designers to predict the level of performance of the wall system under any explosion threat level. The analytical model conservatively predicted the measured field results with a maximum difference of 20%. The paper will discuss the performance of blast-retrofit wall systems under static and dynamic field tests simulating large vehicle bombs. C1 Univ Missouri, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. USAF, Res Lab, MLQF, Tyndall AFB, FL 32404 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Salim, H (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. NR 17 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9445 J9 J STRUCT ENG-ASCE JI J. Struct. Eng.-ASCE PD AUG PY 2005 VL 131 IS 8 BP 1216 EP 1225 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2005)131:8(1216) PG 10 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA 948HV UT WOS:000230707600006 ER PT J AU Winget, DG Marchand, KA Williamson, EB AF Winget, DG Marchand, KA Williamson, EB TI Analysis and design of critical bridges subjected to blast loads SO JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article DE bridges; terrorism; explosions; blast loads; performance characteristics; retrofitting; bridge design AB Blast-resistant design has traditionally been considered only for essential government buildings, military structures, and petrochemical facilities. Recent terrorist threats to bridges in California and New York have demonstrated the need to evaluate the vulnerability of our transportation infrastructure. Bridge engineers, however, have not typically considered security in the design process, and most of the current state of knowledge of the design of structures subjected to blast effects is based on the performance of buildings rather than bridges. This paper summarizes the results of ongoing research to develop performance-based blast design standards tailored specifically for bridges. Based on best practices obtained from an international literature review, the paper briefly discusses the incorporation of physical security and site layout principles into the design process. It then discusses the potential effects of blast loads on bridges and provides structural design and retrofit solutions to counter these effects. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Civil Engn & Mech, W Point, NY 10996 USA. Walter P Moore & Associates Inc, Austin, TX 78746 USA. Univ Texas, Dept Civil Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Winget, DG (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Civil Engn & Mech, 330 Mahan Hall,Bldg 752, W Point, NY 10996 USA. EM david-winget@us.army.mil; KMarchand@walterpmoore.com; ewilliamson@mail.utexas.edu NR 15 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 3 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9445 J9 J STRUCT ENG-ASCE JI J. Struct. Eng.-ASCE PD AUG PY 2005 VL 131 IS 8 BP 1243 EP 1255 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2005)131:8(1243) PG 13 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA 948HV UT WOS:000230707600009 ER PT J AU Albert, DG Liu, LB Moran, ML AF Albert, DG Liu, LB Moran, ML TI Time reversal processing for source location in an urban environment SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Letter ID SOUND-PROPAGATION; WAVE-GUIDE; NOISE; AREAS; SCATTERING; STREET; MEDIA AB A simulation study is conducted to demonstrate in principle that time reversal processing can be used to locate sound sources in an outdoor urban area with many buildings. Acoustic pulse propagation in this environment is simulated using a two-dimensional finite difference time domain (FDTD) computation. Using the simulated time traces from only a few sensors and back propagating them with the FDTD model, the sound energy refocuses in the vicinity of the true source location. This time reversal numerical experiment confirms that using information acquired only at non-line-of-sight locations is sufficient to obtain accurate source locations in a complex urban terrain. C1 USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Univ Connecticut, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. RP Albert, DG (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM donald.g.albert@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 28 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 8 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 118 IS 2 BP 616 EP 619 DI 10.1121/1.1925849 PG 4 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 955FJ UT WOS:000231210500009 ER PT J AU Tufts, JB Molis, MR Leek, MR AF Tufts, JB Molis, MR Leek, MR TI Perception of dissonance by people with normal hearing and sensorineural hearing loss SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on Music Perception and Cognition CY AUG 03-07, 2004 CL NW Univ, Evanston, IL HO NW Univ ID AUDITORY FILTER SHAPES; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD PROCEDURE; IMPAIRED LISTENERS; CRITICAL BANDWIDTH; CONSONANCE THEORY; PITCH; TONE; NONLINEARITY; FREQUENCIES; DERIVATION AB The purpose of this study was to determine whether the perceived sensory dissonance of pairs of pure tones (PT dyads) or pairs of harmonic complex tones (HC dyads) is altered due to sensorineural hearing loss. Four normal-hearing (NH) and four hearing-impaired (HI) listeners judged the sensory dissonance of PT dyads geometrically centered at 500 and 2000 Hz, and of HC dyads with fundamental frequencies geometrically centered at 500 Hz. The frequency separation of the members of the dyads varied from 0 Hz to just over an octave. In addition, frequency selectivity was assessed at 500 and 2000 Hz for each listener. Maximum dissonance was perceived at frequency separations smaller than the auditory filter bandwidth for both groups of listners, but maximum dissonance for HI listeners occurred at a greater proportion of their bandwidths at 500 Hz than at 2000 Hz. Further, their auditory filter bandwidths at 500 Hz were significantly wider than those of the NH listeners. For both the PT and HC dyads, curves displaying dissonance as a function of frequency separation were more compressed for the HI listeners, possibly reflecting less contrast between their perceptions of consonance and dissonance compared with the NH listeners. (C) 2005 Acoustical Society of America. C1 USA, Audiol & Speech Ctr, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Tufts, JB (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Dept Commun Sci, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. EM jennifer.tufts@uconn.edu FU NIDCD NIH HHS [DC 00626] NR 44 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 118 IS 2 BP 955 EP 967 DI 10.1121/1.1942347 PG 13 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 955FJ UT WOS:000231210500042 PM 16158651 ER PT J AU Molis, MR AF Molis, MR TI Evaluating models of vowel perception SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 143rd Annual Meeting of the Acoustical-Society-of-America CY JUN 03-07, 2002 CL PITTSBURGH, PA SP Acoust Soc Amer ID HEARING-IMPAIRED LISTENERS; FUNDAMENTAL-FREQUENCY; SPECTRAL-SHAPE; IDENTIFICATION; FORMANTS; PATTERNS AB There is a long-standing debate concerning the efficacy of formant-based versus whole spectrum models of vowel perception. Categorization data for a set of synthetic steady-state vowels were used to evaluate both types of models. The models tested included various combinations of formant frequencies and amplitudes, principal components derived from excitation patterns, and perceptually scaled LPC cepstral coefficients. The stimuli were 54 five-formant synthesized vowels that had a common F1 frequency and varied orthogonally in F2 and F3 frequency. Twelve speakers of American English categorized the stimuli as the vowels /I/, \U\, or /3/. Results indicate that formant frequencies provided the best account of the data only if nonlinear terms, in the form of squares and cross products of the formant values, were also included in the analysis. The excitation pattern principal components also produced reasonably accurate fits to the data. Although a wish to use the lowest-dimensional representation would dictate that formant frequencies are the most appropriate vowel description, the relative success of richer, more flexible, and more neurophysiologically plausible whole spectrum representations suggests that they may be prefer-red for understanding human vowel perception. (C) 2005 Acoustical Society of America. C1 Univ Texas, Dept Psychol, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Molis, MR (reprint author), USA, Audiol & Speech Ctr, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, 6900 Georgia Ave, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM michelle.molis@na.amedd.army.mil FU NIDCD NIH HHS [R01 DC00427-13, R01 DC00427-14] NR 43 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 2 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 118 IS 2 BP 1062 EP 1071 DI 10.1121/1.1943907 PG 10 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 955FJ UT WOS:000231210500052 PM 16158661 ER PT J AU Elston, DM Ferringer, T Dalton, S Fillman, CPTE Tyler, W AF Elston, DM Ferringer, T Dalton, S Fillman, CPTE Tyler, W TI A comparison of vertical versus transverse sections in the evaluation of alopecia biopsy specimens SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SCALP BIOPSY; LICHEN-PLANOPILARIS; DIAGNOSIS; DISORDERS; ANATOMY AB Background: Both vertical and transverse sections are used in the histologic interpretation of alopecia biopsy specimens. Although a combination of the two may be optimal, the pathologist is frequently only provided with a single specimen. Even though, the trend in recent years has been toward transverse sections in this setting, we are not aware of any published data directly comparing the two methods. Methods: One hundred two consecutive archived hair biopsy accessions that demonstrated comparable vertical and transverse sections were examined twice, each time in a random order. The pathologist's interpretation based only on the vertical sections and an interpretation based only on the transverse sections were compared with the original biopsy report, which had been based on the combination of vertical and transverse sections. Results: In 76 cases, all 3 diagnoses were concordant (ie, the diagnosis made with vertical sections alone, the diagnosis made with transverse sections alone, and the original diagnosis were all in agreement). In 2 cases, neither the diagnosis made with vertical sections alone nor the diagnosis made with transverse sections alone were in full agreement with the original diagnosis. In 20 cases, only the diagnosis made with vertical sections was concordant with the original diagnosis. In 4 cases, only the diagnosis made with transverse sections alone was concordant with the original diagnosis. Limitations: Our practice is heavily weighted toward scarring alopecia, and the results of our study may not be applicable to practices weighted toward other forms of alopecia. Because the cases had been signed out over a period of several years, the nomenclature for some entities changed. For the purposes of our study, we counted the diagnoses of follicular degeneration syndrome and idiopathic pseudopelade to be subtypes of (and concordant with) a diagnosis of central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia. In some cases, a definitive diagnosis was not possible at the time of the original diagnosis, but rather the pathologist had provided a histologic description and a differential diagnosis. For purposes of this study, an interpretation was considered to he concordant with the original descriptive diagnosis if all of the important histologic features were identified that had been described in the original report. Sampling error Could have contributed to discordant diagnoses, but would be expected to affect both vertical and transverse samples in a random manner. Conclusion: The combination of vertical and transverse sections is superior to either alone. Although transverse sections have revolutionized the evaluation of alopecia, in this study, the diagnosis made with vertical sections alone had a higher concordance rate with the combination than did transverse sections alone. As there are advantages and disadvantages inherent in either method, when only a single biopsy specimen is submitted, it may be sectioned either vertically or transversely, at the discretion of the pathologist. With either method, serial step sections should be obtained to reduce the risk of missing important histologic findings. C1 Geisinger Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Danville, PA 17821 USA. Geisinger Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Danville, PA 17821 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Elston, DM (reprint author), Geisinger Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, 100 N Acad Ave, Danville, PA 17821 USA. EM Delston@geisinger.edu NR 18 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 53 IS 2 BP 267 EP 272 DI 10.1016/j.jaad.2005.03.007 PG 6 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 951PS UT WOS:000230943500012 PM 16021122 ER PT J AU Mitropoulos, P Norton, SA AF Mitropoulos, P Norton, SA TI Dermatophagia or dermatodaxia? SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dermatol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Mitropoulos, P (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dermatol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 53 IS 2 BP 365 EP 365 DI 10.1016/j.jaad.2005.04.021 PG 1 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 951PS UT WOS:000230943500040 PM 16021151 ER PT J AU Stojadinovic, A Allen, PJ Protic, M Potter, JF Shriver, CD Nelson, JM Peoples, GE AF Stojadinovic, A Allen, PJ Protic, M Potter, JF Shriver, CD Nelson, JM Peoples, GE TI Colon sentinel lymph node mapping: Practical surgical applications SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF SURGEONS LA English DT Review ID COLORECTAL-CANCER PATIENTS; ISOLATED TUMOR-CELLS; BREAST-CANCER; EX-VIVO; PROGNOSTIC-SIGNIFICANCE; MALIGNANT-MELANOMA; CLINICAL-SIGNIFICANCE; AXILLARY DISSECTION; TECHNICAL DETAILS; RECTAL-CANCER C1 US Mil Acad, Inst Canc, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Div Surg Oncol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Abdominal & Endocrine Surg Clin, Ctr Clin, Novi Sad, Serbia Monteneg. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Colorectal Surg Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Stojadinovic, A (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Inst Canc, 6900 Georgia Ave NW,Rm 5C27B, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 82 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1072-7515 J9 J AM COLL SURGEONS JI J. Am. Coll. Surg. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 201 IS 2 BP 297 EP 313 DI 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2005.01.020 PG 17 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 951SC UT WOS:000230950100020 PM 16038828 ER PT J AU Sabatke, DS Locke, AM Dereniak, EL McMillan, RW AF Sabatke, DS Locke, AM Dereniak, EL McMillan, RW TI Linear operator theory of channeled spectropolarimetry SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA A-OPTICS IMAGE SCIENCE AND VISION LA English DT Article ID POLARIMETRY; ERROR AB Channeled spectropolarimetry is a snapshot method of measuring the spectral and polarization content of light. Wave-number domain amplitude modulation is employed to encode all four Stokes component spectra into a single optical power spectrum. We model the channeled spectropolarimeter as a linear operator, which facilitates treatment of nonideal effects and provides a convenient framework for simulations, calibration, and reconstruction. The operator's singular value decomposition is treated with analytic and computational approaches. This analysis highlights the importance of the choice of object space in constraining and imparting prior knowledge to linear reconstructions of data from underdetermined systems. (C) 2005 Optical Society of America. C1 Ball Aerosp & Technol Corp, Boulder, CO 80306 USA. Univ Arizona, Ctr Opt Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. USA, Space & Missile Def Command, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA. RP Sabatke, DS (reprint author), Ball Aerosp & Technol Corp, POB 1062, Boulder, CO 80306 USA. EM dsabatke@ball.com NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1084-7529 J9 J OPT SOC AM A JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. A-Opt. Image Sci. Vis. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 22 IS 8 BP 1567 EP 1576 DI 10.1364/JOSAA.22.001567 PG 10 WC Optics SC Optics GA 950AN UT WOS:000230830100012 PM 16134852 ER PT J AU Black, IH Janus, SA Grathwohl, KW AF Black, IH Janus, SA Grathwohl, KW TI Low-flow transtracheal rescue insufflation of oxygen after profound maturation SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 63rd Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-the-Surgery-of-Trauma/Japanese-Association-for- Acute-Medicine CY SEP 29-OCT 02, 2004 CL Maui, HI SP Amer Assoc Surg Trauma, Japanese Assoc Acute Med DE apnea; intratracheal intubation; artificial respiration; oxygen inhalation therapy; tracheal insufflaton ID CARDIOPULMONARY-RESUSCITATION; TRACHEAL INSUFFLATION; ENDOTRACHEAL INTUBATION; MECHANICAL VENTILATION; APNEIC OXYGENATION; ALTERNATIVE METHOD; CANINE MODEL; EFFICACY; COMPRESSION; HYPERCAPNIA AB Background. The objective of this study was to determine whether low-flow transtracheal insufflation of oxygen (TRIO) could rescue an animal from profound desaturation. This temporizing maneuver could be useful during cannot-intubate or -ventilate scenarios by resolving hypoxia without the morbidity associated with more invasive procedures. Methods: Seven swine for a total of 12 runs were studied. Animals were pharmacologically anesthetized, paralyzed, and mechanically ventilated with room air. After disconnection from the ventilator and desaturation to an SPO2 < 50%, low-flow TRIO (2 L/min) was administered for 1 hour. Results. All animals survived and Spo(2) increased to greater than 90% in 23 seconds on average. Pao(2) (mean, 183 mm Hg) remained elevated throughout the runs were studied. Animals were pharmacologically anesthetized, paralyzed, and mechanically ventilated with room air. After disconnection from the ventilator and desaturation to an Spo(2) < 50%, low-flow TRIO (2 L/min) was administered for 1 hour. Results. All animals survived and Spo(2) increased to greater than 90% in 23 seconds on average. Pao(2) (mean, 183 mm Hg) remained elevated throughout the study. Hemodynamic stability was maintained for at least 15 minutes. Conclusion: Low-flow TRIO rescued animals from profound hypoxia and maintained oxygenation for at least 1 hour. Low flow TRIO did not prevent hypercarbia with its subsequent sympathetic activation. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. RP Black, IH (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3400 Chambers Ave, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM ian.h.black@us.army.mil NR 29 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1079-6061 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD AUG PY 2005 VL 59 IS 2 BP 344 EP 349 DI 10.1097/01.ta.0000174731.75523.98 PG 6 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 014BX UT WOS:000235454800019 PM 16294073 ER PT J AU Morey, AF AF Morey, AF TI A need for reevaluation of sports participation recommendations for children with a solitary kidney - Editorial comment SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Serv Urol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Morey, AF (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Serv Urol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 174 IS 2 BP 689 EP 689 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 946WP UT WOS:000230604300076 ER PT J AU Myers, TM Cohn, SI Clark, MG AF Myers, TM Cohn, SI Clark, MG TI Acquisition and performance of two-way shuttlebox avoidance: Effects of aversive air intensity SO LEARNING AND MOTIVATION LA English DT Article DE aversive air stimulus intensity; active shuttlebox avoidance; acquisition of operant behavior; escape latency; C57BL/6J mice ID SHOCK-INTENSITY; UCS INTENSITY; GUINEA-PIGS; NOISE; BEHAVIOR; RATS; TERMINATION; CS; BOX; REINFORCEMENT AB Thirty-two male C57BL/6J mice were trained on a signaled shuttlebox avoidance task using pressurized air as an aversive stimulus. Subjects were randomly assigned to one of four different air intensities (10, 20,40, or 55 psi) and exposed to 51 trials per session for 20 sessions. Area under the curve analyses and a two-parameter, nonlinear exponential model were used to characterize effects of air intensity on rate of acquisition and asymptotic level of avoidance responding. Higher air intensities produced higher rates of avoidance acquisition, higher asymptotic levels of avoidance proficiency, and shorter escape latencies. Avoidance latencies were comparable across groups. Results indicate that a pressurized air stimulus functions in a manner similar to electric shock and other aversive stimuli used in two-way shuttlebox avoidance. (c) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Myers, TM (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Div Pharmacol, 3100 Ricketts Point Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM Todd.Myers@apg.amedd.army.mil NR 37 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0023-9690 J9 LEARN MOTIV JI Learn. Motiv. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 36 IS 3 BP 312 EP 321 DI 10.1016/j.lmot.2004.11.004 PG 10 WC Psychology, Biological; Psychology, Experimental SC Psychology GA 955AZ UT WOS:000231198300003 ER PT J AU Wiff, DR Lampert, WV Eiting, CJ McDaniel, GY Glassford, KM AF Wiff, DR Lampert, WV Eiting, CJ McDaniel, GY Glassford, KM TI Modeling rhenium metallization of a silicon-rich (001) 6H-SIC surface SO MATERIALS SCIENCE IN SEMICONDUCTOR PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE Ohmic contacts; silicon carbide; metallization; rhenium; nickel; modeling ID GENERALIZED GRADIENT APPROXIMATION; CONTACTS; EXCHANGE; ENERGY AB Quantum mechanical CASTEP software calculations were performed using nickel and rhenium atom deposition onto cleaved surfaces (active, hydrogenated, and oxygenated). These calculations were performed without metal atoms and with metal atoms at selected positions (origin, a- and b-axis) in the unit cell. Binding energies for each of the metal atoms (nickel and rhenium) were calculated. Additionally, calculated energy bands with associated density-of-states and partial density-of-states were examined regarding the population of s, p, and d bonding characteristics. Nickel atom deposition onto silicon-rich surfaces tended to bond to the silicon atoms as well as the underlying carbon atoms. However, rhenium atom deposition showed bonding only to the silicon atoms. This was observed experimentally and is reported herein. Experimentally, the rhenium deposition surface is extremely smooth and has only Ohmic characteristics and low resistance. (c) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Westers Reserve Nano Micro Sensors, Poland, OH 44514 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, MLPS, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. Qynergy Corp, Albuquerque, NM 87114 USA. ENSCO Inc, Melbourne, FL 32940 USA. Accelrys Inc, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. RP Wiff, DR (reprint author), Westers Reserve Nano Micro Sensors, 1720 Daffodil Trail, Poland, OH 44514 USA. EM don.wiff@wrnms.com NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1369-8001 J9 MAT SCI SEMICON PROC JI Mater. Sci. Semicond. Process PD AUG PY 2005 VL 8 IS 4 BP 497 EP 501 DI 10.1016/j.mssp.2004.07.002 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 930MV UT WOS:000229421000007 ER PT J AU Carter, R Cheuvront, SN Williams, JO Kolka, MA Stephenson, LA Sawka, MN Amoroso, PJ AF Carter, R Cheuvront, SN Williams, JO Kolka, MA Stephenson, LA Sawka, MN Amoroso, PJ TI Epidemiology of hospitalizations and deaths from heat illness in soldiers SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Article DE extreme environments; exertional heat illness; heat injury; heat stroke; occupational health ID INJURY; MILITARY; STROKE; RISK; WAVE AB Purpose: Serious heat illness has received considerable recent attention due to catastrophic heat waves in the United States and Europe, the deaths of high-profile athletes, and military deployments. Methods: This study documents heat illness hospitalizations and deaths for the U.S. Army from 1980 through 2002. Hospitalization data were obtained from the Total Army Injury Health Outcomes Database (TAIHOD) coded according to the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM). North Atlantic Treaty Organization Standardization Agreement codes were searched for heat injuries in an effort to detect cases that were not found during the ICD-9-CM search. Results: Five-thousand two-hundred forty-six soldiers were hospitalized, and 37 died due to heat illness. Our results indicate: 1) approximately 60% reduction in hospitalization rates (fewer heat exhaustion cases) over the 22-yr period; 2) fivefold increase in heat stroke hospitalization rates (1.8 per 100,000 in 1980 to 14.5 per 100,000 in 2001); 3) heat stroke cases were associated with dehydration (17%), rhabdomyolysis (25%), and acute renal failure (13%); 4) lower hospitalizations rates among African and Hispanic Americans compared with Caucasians (incidence density ratio, 0.76 [95% confidence interval, 0.71-0.82]; 5) greater rates of hospitalizations and heat strokes among recruits from northern than southern states (incidence density ratio, 1.69 [95% confidence interval, 1.42-1.90]; and 6) greater rates of hospitalizations and heat strokes among women than men (incidence density ratio, 1.18 [95% confidence interval, 1.09-1.27]). Conclusions: Exertional heat illness continues to be a military problem during training and operations. Whereas the hospitalization rate of heat illness is declining, heat stroke has markedly increased. C1 USA, Inst Environm Med, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Social Sectors Dev Strat Inc, Natick, MA USA. RP Carter, R (reprint author), USA, Inst Environm Med, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM robert.carter@na.amedd.army.mil NR 25 TC 89 Z9 96 U1 2 U2 17 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 37 IS 8 BP 1338 EP 1344 DI 10.1249/01.mss.0000174895.19639.ed PG 7 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 958VJ UT WOS:000231476000013 PM 16118581 ER PT J AU Li, C Wilkerson, RC AF Li, C Wilkerson, RC TI Identification of Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) albitarsis complex species (Diptera : Culicidae) using rDNA internal transcribed spacer 2-based polymerase chain reaction primes SO MEMORIAS DO INSTITUTO OSWALDO CRUZ LA English DT Article DE Anopheles albitarsis; species complex; polymerase chain reaction identification; malaria; internal transcribed spacer 2 ID DNA ITS2 SEQUENCES; MALARIA VECTOR; DIFFERENTIATE; BRAZIL; ARGENTINA; MOSQUITOS; ASSAY AB Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) marajoara is a proven primary vector of malaria parasites in Northeast Brazil, and An. deaneorum is a suspected vector in Western Brazil. Both are members of the morphologically similar Albitarsis Complex, which also includes An. albitarsis and an undescribed species, An. albitarsis "B". These four species were recognized and can be identified using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers, but various other methodologies also point to multiple species under the name An. albitarsis. We describe here a technique for identification of these species employing polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers based on ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer 2 (rDNA ITS2) sequence. Since this method is based on known sequence it is simpler than the sometimes problematical RAPD-PCR. Primers were tested on samples previously identified using RAPD markers with complete correlation. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Wilkerson, RC (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Museum Support Ctr, 4210 Silver Hill Rd, Suitland, MD 20746 USA. EM wilkersonr@si.edu FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI RO154139] NR 27 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 1 PU FUNDACO OSWALDO CRUZ PI RIO DE JANEIRO, RJ PA AV BRASIL 4365, 21045-900 RIO DE JANEIRO, RJ, BRAZIL SN 0074-0276 J9 MEM I OSWALDO CRUZ JI Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz PY 2005 VL 100 IS 5 BP 495 EP 500 DI 10.1590/S0074-02762005000500009 PG 6 WC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 965YK UT WOS:000231986600009 PM 16184227 ER PT J AU Feng, K Hsu, FL Bota, K Bu, XR AF Feng, K Hsu, FL Bota, K Bu, XR TI A potential fluorescent Hg(II) chemosensor SO MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE imidazole; thiazole; mercury complex; fluorescence; copper complex; molecular probe ID NONLINEAR-OPTICAL CHROMOPHORES; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; METAL-COMPLEXES; DERIVATIVES; MERCURY(II); THIAZOLE AB An imidazole-based ligand has been evaluated for a potential fluorescent Hg(II) sensing probe. In water-acetonitrite solvent system, the ligand exhibits a unique selectivity towards Hg(II), which not only modulates fluorescence intensity but also shifts the emission band. The fluorescence reduction and the emission shift correlate with Hg(II) concentrations. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Clark Atlanta Univ, Dept Chem, Lab Electroopt Mat, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA. Clark Atlanta Univ, NASA, Ctr High Performance Polymers & Mat, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA. USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Bu, XR (reprint author), Clark Atlanta Univ, Dept Chem, Lab Electroopt Mat, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA. EM xbu@cau.edu NR 13 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0026-265X J9 MICROCHEM J JI Microchem J. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 81 IS 1 BP 23 EP 27 DI 10.1016/j.microc.2005.01.021 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 942EA UT WOS:000230264500006 ER PT J AU Asowata, CA AF Asowata, CA TI Plan to implementation: An in-depth look into a well-orchestrated, functional, CORE laboratory SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Armed-Forces-Medical-Laboratory-Scientific CY FEB 22-26, 2004 CL Boston, MA SP Soc Armed Forces Med Lab Sci AB The overall objective was implementation of a fully integrated and functional CORE laboratory. The "CORE laboratory" is a model of a fully integrated and functional, multifaceted, clinical laboratory. Delineation of the process is to enable clinical laboratory managers, in the government or civilian sectors, to make sound decisions about formulating and implementing the CORE laboratory concept. The defining and comprehensive decisions should be based on concept requirements, advantages, disadvantages, and employee core competency assessments. Operationally, the organizational change resulted in well-rounded, multidisciplinary, multiskilled laboratorians and instructors/mentors for the Phase II military medical laboratory technician (91K student) training program. As of this time, our laboratory is the only Department of the Army medical center that operates a fully integrated and functional CORE laboratory. C1 Dwight D Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, CORE Lab, Dept Pathol, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. Dwight D Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Area Lab Serv, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. RP Asowata, CA (reprint author), Dwight D Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, CORE Lab, Dept Pathol, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 170 IS 8 BP 672 EP 676 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019JP UT WOS:000235831700008 PM 16173207 ER PT J AU Hartman, LJ Coyne, SR Norwood, DA AF Hartman, LJ Coyne, SR Norwood, DA TI Development of a novel internal positive control for TaqmanR based assays (vol 19, pg 51, 2005) SO MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR PROBES LA English DT Correction C1 USA, Diagnost Syst Div, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Norwood, DA (reprint author), USA, Diagnost Syst Div, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM david.norwood@det.amedd.army.mil NR 1 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0890-8508 J9 MOL CELL PROBE JI Mol. Cell. Probes PD AUG PY 2005 VL 19 IS 4 BP 298 EP 298 DI 10.1016/j.mcp.2005.04.001 PG 1 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology GA 954OF UT WOS:000231163700012 ER PT J AU Hatzigeorgiou, C Jackson, JL AF Hatzigeorgiou, C Jackson, JL TI Hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitors and osteoporosis: a meta-analysis SO OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE bone mineral density; bone marker; fracture; HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors; meta-analysis; osteoporosis; statin ID BONE-MINERAL DENSITY; C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; CORONARY-ARTERY DISEASE; POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; STATIN USE; CLINICAL-TRIALS; FRACTURE RISK; HIP FRACTURE; PUBLICATION BIAS AB Studies determining the association between hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors (statins) and bone metabolism are mixed. We conducted a systematic review to assess the potential impact of statins on fractures, bone mineral density and bone markers. We searched Medline, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and Federal Research in Progress (FEDRIP). Inclusion criteria consisted of human studies with measurable outcomes, which were rated as good or fair according to the United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) criteria. The effects of statins on bone mineral density (BMD), bone markers and fracture risk were independently extracted by two reviewers and were combined by use of a random-effects model. The 31 analyzed studies included 24 observational studies and seven randomized controlled trials. Overall, statin use was associated with fewer hip fractures (OR 0.60, 95% CI 0.45-0.78) and improved hip BMD (Z score 0.12, 95% CI 0.05-0.19), with a non-significant reduction in vertebral fractures and no effect on vertebral BMD. In subgroup analysis of studies that involved only women there was a reduction in hip fractures (OR 0.75, 95% CI 0.60-0.95) and improvement in hip BMD (Z score 0.11, 95% CI 0.04-0.18). Vertebral BMD was unchanged, and only one study reported on vertebral fractures, finding improvement. Statins had only small effects on bone markers, with a decrease in alkaline phosphatase [standardized mean difference (SMD) -0.18, 95% CI -0.34 to -0.01], an increase in NTX (SMD 0.39, 95% CI 0.07-0.71), with no effect on osteocalcin or CTX. The statistically significant improvement in hip fracture risk was seen only in case-control trials, not in either the eight prospective trials or the two randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Statins may have a beneficial impact on bone metabolism and fracture risk; randomized controlled trials are needed to explore this association. C1 Med EDP, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Jackson, JL (reprint author), Med EDP, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 54 TC 53 Z9 63 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER LONDON LTD PI GODALMING PA SWEETAPPLE HOUSE CATTESHALL ROAD, GODALMING GU7 3DJ, SURREY, ENGLAND SN 0937-941X J9 OSTEOPOROSIS INT JI Osteoporosis Int. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 16 IS 8 BP 990 EP 998 DI 10.1007/s00198-004-1793-0 PG 9 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 947EF UT WOS:000230625500018 PM 15744453 ER PT J AU Chelimo, K Ofulla, AV Narum, DL Kazura, JW Lanar, DE John, CC AF Chelimo, K Ofulla, AV Narum, DL Kazura, JW Lanar, DE John, CC TI Antibodies to Plasmodium falciparum antigens vary by age and antigen in children in a malaria-holoendemic area of Kenya SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE malaria; IgG; liver stage antigen-1; thrombospondin-related adhesive protein; circurnsporozoite protein; apical membrane antigen-1; erythrocyte-binding antigen-175; merozoite surface protein-1; child ID APICAL MEMBRANE ANTIGEN-1; LIVER-STAGE ANTIGEN-1; CIRCUMSPOROZOITE PROTEIN; CLINICAL MALARIA; SURFACE-ANTIGEN; RESPONSES; INFANTS; TRANSMISSION; INFECTION; INVASION AB Background: Antibodies are important in protection against infection and disease caused by Plasmodium falciparum, but the frequencies of antibodies to multiple P. falciparum antigens in children are not well-characterized. Methods: IgG and IgM antibodies to the vaccine candidate antigens circurnsporozoite protein, thrombospondin-related adhesive protein, liver stage antigen-1, apical membrane antigen-1, erythrocyte-binding antigen-175 and merozoite surface protein-1 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 110 children 0-50 months of age in a malaria holoendemic area of Kenya. Results: A similar pattern was seen for IgG antibodies to circumsporozoite protein, thrombospondin-related adhesive protein, apical membrane antigen-1 and erythrocyte-binding antigen-175: high frequencies (70-90%) in children 0-4 months of age; a decrease in children 5-20 months of age (35-71%); and progressive increases in children 21-36 and 37-50 months of age (53-80% and 60-100%, respectively). In contrast, IgG antibodies to liver stage antigen-1 were infrequent in children 0-4 months of age (5%) and increased with age to 64%, and IgG antibody frequencies to merozoite surface protein-1 were similar across age groups (26-52%). IgG antibodies to all antigens were predominantly of the IgG1 and IgG3 subclasses. Frequencies of IgM antibodies to all antigens were low in children 0-4 months of age (0-15%) and increased with age (24-56% in the oldest children). Conclusion: In children in a malaria-holoendemic area, IgM antibody to all P. falciparum antigens is infrequent in the first 4 months of life but increases with age and increased exposure. The pattern of age-related IgG response frequencies to P. falciparum antigens varies significantly by antigen. C1 Rainbow Babies & Childrens Hosp, Rainbow Ctr Int Child Hlth, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. Rainbow Babies & Childrens Hosp, Div Pediat Infect Dis, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. Maseno Univ, Dept Biomed Sci & Technol, Maseno, Kenya. Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Kisian, Kenya. NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, Ctr Global Hlth & Dis, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP John, CC (reprint author), Rainbow Babies & Childrens Hosp, Rainbow Ctr Int Child Hlth, RBC 487,11100 Euclid Ave,MS 6008, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. EM chandy.john@case.edu RI John, Chandy/B-4164-2008; Lanar, David/B-3560-2011 FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI 43906] NR 22 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 24 IS 8 BP 680 EP 684 DI 10.1097/01.inf.0000172151.28851.fd PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 958EQ UT WOS:000231427900004 PM 16094220 ER PT J AU Kunz, AN Fairchok, MP Noel, JM AF Kunz, AN Fairchok, MP Noel, JM TI Lactobacillus sepsis associated with probiotic therapy SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Letter C1 Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Dupont, WA 98327 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Kunz, AN (reprint author), Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Dupont, WA 98327 USA. NR 2 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD AUG PY 2005 VL 116 IS 2 BP 517 EP 517 DI 10.1542/peds.2005-0475 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 951FU UT WOS:000230915600056 PM 16061615 ER PT J AU Blakely, JN Corron, NJ Pethel, SD AF Blakely, JN Corron, NJ Pethel, SD TI Equivalence of the continuum limit of the generalized Rossler system and the chaotic transmission line oscillator SO PHYSICA D-NONLINEAR PHENOMENA LA English DT Article DE chaos; transmission lines; hyperchaos; difference equation; delay dynamical system ID CHUAS CIRCUIT; DYNAMICS AB We demonstrate the formal equivalence of the continuum limit of the generalized Rossler system (GRS) with a chaotic transmission line oscillator. To establish the connection between these systems, we first present an electronic circuit implementation of the GRS with finite phase space dimension. The circuit consists of a ladder of discrete inductors and capacitors terminated at one end by a negative resistor and at the other with a nonlinear device. In the continuum limit, we find that the ladder of inductors and capacitors becomes a transmission line. The negative resistance and nonlinear termination produce a chaotic transmission line oscillator. This result connects two lines of inquiry in the literature on delay dynamical systems where hitherto no obvious relation was evident. We exploit this connection to confirm predictions of the divergence of the Lyapunov dimension and metric entropy for the continuum GRS made based on extrapolation from finite dimension cases. C1 USA, RDECOM, AMSRD AMR WS ST, Quantum Opt & Nonlinear Sci, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Blakely, JN (reprint author), USA, RDECOM, AMSRD AMR WS ST, Quantum Opt & Nonlinear Sci, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. EM jonathan.blakely@us.army.mil OI Blakely, Jonathan/0000-0002-9772-582X; Corron, Ned/0000-0002-3232-5024 NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2789 J9 PHYSICA D JI Physica D PD AUG 1 PY 2005 VL 207 IS 3-4 BP 161 EP 170 DI 10.1016/j.physd.200.05.017 PG 10 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA 949TK UT WOS:000230810800002 ER PT J AU Serebryannikov, EE Konorov, SO Ivanov, AA Alfimov, MV Scalora, M Zheltikov, AM AF Serebryannikov, EE Konorov, SO Ivanov, AA Alfimov, MV Scalora, M Zheltikov, AM TI Cross-phase-modulation-induced instability in photonic-crystal fibers SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID SUPERCONTINUUM GENERATION; MICROSTRUCTURED FIBERS; OPTICAL-FIBERS; PULSES AB Cross-phase-modulation-induced instability is identified as a significant mechanism for efficient parametric four-wave-mixing frequency conversion in photonic-crystal fibers. Fundamental-wavelength femtosecond pulses of a Cr, forsterite laser are used in our experiments to transform the spectrum of copropagating second-harmonic pulses of the same laser in a photonic-crystal fiber. Efficient generation of sidebands shifted by more than 80 THz with respect to the central frequency of the second harmonic is observed in the output spectrum of the probe field. C1 Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Dept Phys, Moscow 119899, Russia. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Int Laser Ctr, Moscow 119899, Russia. Russian Acad Sci, Ctr Photochem, Moscow 117421, Russia. US Army Aviat & Missile Command, Weapons Sci Directorate, Charles M Bowden Res Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35898 USA. RP Zheltikov, AM (reprint author), Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Dept Phys, Moscow 119899, Russia. EM zheltikov@phys.msu.ru RI Alfimov, Michael/C-1118-2008; Serebryannikov, Evgeny/M-2583-2014 NR 18 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD AUG PY 2005 VL 72 IS 2 AR 027601 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.72.027601 PN 2 PG 3 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 960BB UT WOS:000231564100137 PM 16196760 ER PT J AU Parnas, RS Walsh, SM AF Parnas, RS Walsh, SM TI Vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding model SO POLYMER COMPOSITES LA English DT Article ID VOID FORMATION; COMPACTION; COMPOSITES; INFUSION; PREFORMS; REMOVAL; SCRIMP; FLOW AB A model of the vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) process is developed that includes the most important aspects of the processing physics. The model consists of several submodels, such as preform mechanics, Darcy flow, wicking flow, and void formation. The preform mechanics model treats the preform as a linearly elastic, one-dimensional (1 D) solid. However, the key physical process is the lubrication of the preform due to fluid wetting, and this is modeled as a reduction in preform modulus, an easily measurable parameter. Residual stress, three-dimensional (313) structural behavior, and nonlinearity are neglected, but can all be included. The fluid flow model of capillary wicking is not tacked onto the Darcy equation as a modified boundary condition, as was previously done. The wicking is treated simply, but more realistically, by performing a force balance on the fluid in a pore. Balancing the capillary pressure and the viscous drag allows the development of a wicking front that precedes the main Darcy flow front to an extent that depends on several easily measurable factors. It is this wicking front that is responsible for the small void formation that reduces the quality of VARTM parts, relative to resin transfer molding (RTM) parts. C1 Univ Connecticut, Inst Mat Sci, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen, MD USA. RP Parnas, RS (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Inst Mat Sci, 19 Auditorium Rd,U-22, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. EM rparnas@ims.uconn.edu NR 24 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 6 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0272-8397 J9 POLYM COMPOSITE JI Polym. Compos. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 26 IS 4 BP 477 EP 485 DI 10.1002/pc.20121 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Composites; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Polymer Science GA 955UD UT WOS:000231252200008 ER PT J AU Durlach, PJ Fowlkes, J Metevier, CJ AF Durlach, PJ Fowlkes, J Metevier, CJ TI Effect of variations in sensory feedback on performance in a virtual reaching task SO PRESENCE-TELEOPERATORS AND VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Article ID INFLUENCES TACTILE PERCEPTION; VISUAL POSITION-INFORMATION; UNSEEN HAND; FITTS LAW; VISION; TOUCH; ENVIRONMENTS; INTEGRATION; ADAPTATION; ACCURACY AB An experiment was conducted to investigate whether manipulation of the sensory cues provided in a virtual-reality context would affect performance of a reaching task and its associated phenomenology. Performance was measured by speed (the time taken to reach out and touch a virtually presented visual target) and accuracy (the distance of the finger-tip from the center of the virtual target), Phenomenological experience was measured via questionnaires. The cues manipulated were the visual realism of the virtual hand (fidelity), whether the virtual finger-tip was seen to penetrate the virtual target or not (constraint), and whether the feedback given on contact with the virtual target was tactile or auditory (feedback). We found that better hand fidelity speeded movement, increased presence, and reduced disorientation. In contrast, the constraint manipulation affected touch accuracy and disorientation. Tactile feedback enhanced the sense of presence and reduced disorientation, compared with auditory feedback. C1 USA, Res Inst Behav & Social Sci, Orlando, FL 32826 USA. CHI Syst Inc, Orlando, FL 32826 USA. USA RDCOM STC, Orlando, FL USA. RP Durlach, PJ (reprint author), USA, Res Inst Behav & Social Sci, Orlando, FL 32826 USA. EM Paula.Durlach@peostri.army.mil NR 41 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 4 U2 10 PU M I T PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 238 MAIN STREET, STE 500, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142-1046 USA SN 1054-7460 J9 PRESENCE-TELEOP VIRT JI Presence-Teleoper. Virtual Env. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 14 IS 4 BP 450 EP 462 DI 10.1162/105474605774785299 PG 13 WC Computer Science, Cybernetics; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA 964VU UT WOS:000231909900006 ER PT J AU Adams, BD Easty, DM Stuffel, E Hartman, I AF Adams, BD Easty, DM Stuffel, E Hartman, I TI Decreasing the time to defibrillation: A comparative study of defibrillator electrode designs SO RESUSCITATION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 77th Scientific Meeting of the American-Heart-Association CY NOV 07-10, 2004 CL New Orleans, LA SP Amer Heart Assoc DE cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR); defibrillation; medical emergency team; megacode training; utstein template; ventricular fibrillation ID CARDIOPULMONARY-RESUSCITATION AB Introduction: Time to defibrillation (T-defib) is the most important modifiable factor affecting survival from cardiac arrest. Mortality increases by approximately 7-10% for each minute of defibrillation delay. The purpose of this study was to determine whether defibrillator electrode design complexity affects T-defib. Methods: This was a randomized sequential design study utilizing a standardized ventricular fibrillation cardiac arrest model for CPR mannequins. We evaluated two common types of defibrillator electrode models: a single connector design and a double connector design that requires an adaptor. We compared the time required by cardiac arrest team leaders to apply the two types of defibrillator electrodes to a manikin, connect them to a defibrillator, and then deliver a first defibriliatory shock. The primary outcome was time to defibrillation. The secondary outcome was difficulty of application as perceived by the physician participants on a 10 cm visual analog scale. Results: Thirty-two residents performed a sequential assessment of both electrodes. The average T-defib for the double connector model was 42.9 s longer than that of the single connector model (87.5 s versus 44.6 s, p < 0.001). As evaluated by the study participants, the single connector model was significantly easier to apply then the double connector model (1.3 cm versus 4.4cm, p < 0.001). Conclusion: The single connector defibrillator electrode design was associated with a significantly shorter T-defib than the double connector design. It also was judged to be easier to apply in this model. Ergonomic design of defibrillator electrodes can significantly impact time to defibrillation. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Med Coll Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. RP Adams, BD (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM bruce.adams@amedd.army.mil NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0300-9572 J9 RESUSCITATION JI Resuscitation PD AUG PY 2005 VL 66 IS 2 BP 171 EP 174 DI 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2005.01.019 PG 4 WC Critical Care Medicine; Emergency Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine; Emergency Medicine GA 957CT UT WOS:000231347700010 PM 16053942 ER PT J AU Dubick, MA Williams, C Elgjo, GI Kramer, GC AF Dubick, MA Williams, C Elgjo, GI Kramer, GC TI High-dose vitamin C infusion reduces fluid requirements in the resuscitation of burn-injured sheep SO SHOCK LA English DT Article DE vitamin C; ascorbic acid; fluid resuscitation; burns; sheep; antioxidants ID SMALL-VOLUME RESUSCITATION; ASCORBIC-ACID; THERMAL-INJURY; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; DELAYED INITIATION; ANTIOXIDANT STATUS; RATS; THERAPY; SKIN; MANAGEMENT AB Fluid resuscitation to maintain adequate tissue perfusion while reducing edema in the severely burned patient remains a challenge. Recent studies suggest that reactive oxygen species generated by thermal injury are involved in edema formation associated with burn. The present study tested the hypothesis that adding a free radical scavenger to the resuscitation fluid would reduce total fluid requirements in the treatment of severe thermal injury. Anesthetized chronically instrumented sheep received a 40% total body surface area full-thickness flame burn. At 1 h after injury, animals were resuscitated with lactated Ringer's (LR, n = 14) as control, LR containing high doses of vitamin C (VC, n = 6), 1000 mOsM hypertonic saline (HS, n = 7), or 1000 HS containing VC (HSNC, n = 7) in coded bags so that investigators were blinded to the treatment. Fluids were infused at an initial Parkland rate of 10 mL/kg/h, adjusted hourly to restore and maintain urine output at 1 to 2 mL/kg/h. Sheep in the VC or HSNC group received 250 mg/kg VC in the first 500 mL of LR or HIS, and then 15 mg/kg/h thereafter. Hemodynamic variables and indices of antioxidant status were measured. At 48 h postburn, sheep were euthanized, and heart, liver, lung, skeletal muscle, and ileum were evaluated for antioxidant status. All fluid resuscitation regimens were equally effective in restoring cardiac output to near baseline levels; no treatment effects were apparent on arterial pressure or heart rate. VC infusion significantly reduced fluid requirements and, therefore, net fluid balance (fluid in, urine out) by about 30% at 6 In and about 50% at 48 h in comparison with the LR group (P < 0.05). HIS and HS/VC reduced fluid requirements by 30% and 65%, respectively, at 6 h, but the volume-sparing effect of HIS was not observed after 36 h and that of HSNC was lost after 12 h. Plasma total antioxidant potential increased about 25-fold (P < 0.05) at 2 and 3 h in response to VC infusion compared with the LR and HS groups, and remained about 5- to 10-fold higher throughout the rest of the study. VC infusion also prevented the 4-fold increase in plasma thiobarbituric acid reactive substances seen in the LR group early after burn (P < 0.05). Tissue antioxidant status was similar between groups. In this sheep burn model, continuous high-dose VC infusion reduced net fluid balance, reduced indices of plasma lipid peroxidation, and maintained overall antioxidant status in comparison with standard-of-care LR treatment. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Univ Texas, Med Branch, Galveston, TX 77550 USA. RP Dubick, MA (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM Michael.Dubick@amedd.army.mil NR 49 TC 37 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1073-2322 J9 SHOCK JI Shock PD AUG PY 2005 VL 24 IS 2 BP 139 EP 144 DI 10.1097/01.shk.0000170355.26060.e6 PG 6 WC Critical Care Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC General & Internal Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 952SV UT WOS:000231026700007 PM 16044084 ER PT J AU Arnaud, F Hammett, M Asher, L Philbin, N Rice, J Dong, F Pearce, B Flournoy, WS Nicholson, C McCarron, R Freilich, I AF Arnaud, F Hammett, M Asher, L Philbin, N Rice, J Dong, F Pearce, B Flournoy, WS Nicholson, C McCarron, R Freilich, I TI Effects of bovine polymerized hemoglobin on coagulation in controlled hemorrhagic shock in swine SO SHOCK LA English DT Article DE blood substitutes; hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers; trauma; coagulopathy; resuscitation ID CARDIAC-SURGERY; TRAUMA PATIENTS; OXYGEN CARRIER; COMBAT INJURY; LIVER-INJURY; IN-VITRO; COAGULOPATHY; MODEL; RESUSCITATION; SEQUESTRATION AB HBOC-201, a bovine polymerized hemoglobin, has been proposed as a novel oxygen-carrying resuscitative fluid for patients with hemorrhagic shock (HS). Herein, we evaluated the hemostatic effects of HBOC-201 in an animal model of HS. A 40% blood loss-controlled hemorrhage and soft tissue injury were performed in 24 invasively monitored Yucatan mini-pigs. Pigs were resuscitated with HBOC-201 (HBOC) or hydroxyethyl starch (HEX), or were not resuscitated (NON) based on cardiac parameters during a 4-h prehospital phase. Afterward, animals received simulated hospital care for 3 days with blood or saline transfusions. Hemostasis measurements included in vivo bleeding time (BT), thromboelastography (TEG), in vitro bleeding time (platelet function; PFA-CT), prothrombin time (PT), and partial thromboplastin time (PTT). Serum lactate was measured and lung sections were evaluated for microthrombi by electron microscopy. During the prehospital phase, BT remained unchanged in the HBOC group. TEG reaction time increased in HBOC pigs during the late prehospital phase and was greater than in NON or HEX pigs at 24 h (P= 0.03). TEG maximum amplitude was similar for the two fluid-resuscitated groups. PFA-CT increased in both resuscitated groups but less with HBOC (P = 0.02) in the prehospital phase; this effect was reversed by 24 h (P= 0.02). In the hospital phase, PT decreased (P< 0.02), whereas PTT increased above baseline (P < 0.01). Lactic acidosis in HBOC and HEX groups was similar. Aspartate aminotransferase was relatively elevated in the HBOC group at 24 h. Electron microscopy showed no evidence of platelet/fibrin clots or microthrombi in any of the animals. Twenty-four-hour group differences mainly reflected the fact that all HEX animals (8/8) received blood transfusions compared with only one HBOC animal (1/8). In swine with HS, HBOC resuscitation induced less thrombopathy than HEX during the prehospital phase. Mild delayed effects on platelet and clot formation during the hospital phase are transient and likely related to fewer blood transfusions. In swine with HS, HBOC resuscitation induced less thrombopathy than HEX during the prehospital phase but more thrombopathy in the hospital phase. The delayed effects on platelet and clot formation during the hospital phase are transient and may be related to the need for fewer blood transfusions. C1 USN, Med Res Ctr, RMD Hematomimet Program, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. Biopure Corp, Cambridge, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Vet Med, Silver Spring, MD USA. NICHHD, NIH, Natl Ctr Med Rehabil Res, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Arnaud, F (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr, RMD Hematomimet Program, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM arnaudf@nmrc.navy.mil NR 38 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1073-2322 J9 SHOCK JI Shock PD AUG PY 2005 VL 24 IS 2 BP 145 EP 152 DI 10.1097/01.shk.0000170354.18437.2f PG 8 WC Critical Care Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC General & Internal Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 952SV UT WOS:000231026700008 PM 16044085 ER PT J AU Das, NC Olver, K Towner, F AF Das, NC Olver, K Towner, F TI High emissive power MWIR LED array SO SOLID-STATE ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE light emitting diodes; IR scene generation; interband cascade structure; surface roughening; black body emissivity ID INTERBAND CASCADE LASERS; LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; PROJECTOR TECHNOLOGY; SCENE PROJECTION; DEVICE AB Mid-IR light sources with high optical power are required for many applications. We report here the mid-IR (3.8 mu m) light emission from an interband cascade (IQ LED structure with an equivalent black body emissive temperature greater than 1050 K. The IC epitaxial structure for LED comprises of 9 or IS periods of active regions separated by multilayer injection regions. We have made an 8 x 7 2D LED array with different mesa sizes. The light output as well as the efficiency increases with the increase of mesa size and the number of active/injection layers in IC LED structure. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 Army Res Lab, Microphoton Branch, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. USA, Res Lab, IR Mat Branch, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Maxion Technol, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Das, NC (reprint author), Army Res Lab, Microphoton Branch, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM ndas@arl.army.mil NR 14 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-1101 J9 SOLID STATE ELECTRON JI Solid-State Electron. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 49 IS 8 BP 1422 EP 1427 DI 10.1016/j.sse.2005.06.018 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA 969XQ UT WOS:000232269600027 ER PT J AU Malsby, MR Frizzi, MPJ Ray, MP Raff, J AF Malsby, MR Frizzi, MPJ Ray, MP Raff, J TI Walking donor transfusion in a far forward environment SO SOUTHERN MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE transfusion; walking donor; military medicine; disaster planning AB This case report details the walking donor transfusion (WDT) option for management of exsanguinating hemorrhage performed in an austere environment. It has civilian application in situations in which local blood supply is overwhelmed by demand due to a natural or manmade (ie, terrorist) disaster. WDT is discussed in light of alternative transfusion techniques, and the history of WDT is briefly discussed. Walking donor transfusion is appropriate for use in extreme cases of patient exsanguination. C1 528th Special Operat Support Battalion, Ft Bragg, NC 28310 USA. RP Malsby, MR (reprint author), 528th Special Operat Support Battalion, Ft Bragg, NC 28310 USA. EM robert.malsby@us.army.mil NR 0 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0038-4348 EI 1541-8243 J9 SOUTH MED J JI South.Med.J. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 98 IS 8 BP 809 EP 810 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 960GW UT WOS:000231579600012 ER PT J AU Tsen, KT Liang, W Ferry, DK Lu, H Schaff, WJ Ozgur, U Fu, Y Moon, YT Yun, F Morkoc, H Everitt, HO AF Tsen, KT Liang, W Ferry, DK Lu, H Schaff, WJ Ozgur, U Fu, Y Moon, YT Yun, F Morkoc, H Everitt, HO TI Optical studies of carrier dynamics and non-equilibrium optical phonons in nitride-based wide bandgap semiconductors SO SUPERLATTICES AND MICROSTRUCTURES LA English DT Review ID VAPOR-PHASE-EPITAXY; TRANSIENT SUBPICOSECOND RAMAN; ELECTRON VELOCITY OVERSHOOT; TIME-RESOLVED PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; N NANOSTRUCTURE SEMICONDUCTOR; WAVELENGTH LASER-DIODES; MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; INDIUM NITRIDE; THREADING DISLOCATIONS AB Ultrafast optical probes, photoluminescence spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy have been applied to investigate carrier dynamics in nitride-based binary and ternary, and dilute nitride semiconductors. Carrier dynamics in the form of radiative and non-radiative lifetimes in GaN grown on pseudo-in situ TiN and in situ SiN nanonetworks by organometallic vapor phase epitaxy have been investigated and compared with those for freestanding GaN templates which constitute the benchmark values due to the high quality. Room temperature carrier lifetimes as long as 1.86 ns could be achieved with the use of TiN network templates. Time-resolved Raman spectroscopy has been employed to investigate the carrier dynamics, carrier transport and non-equilibrium optical phonons in In-containing nitride-based semiconductors. (1) It has been found that the energy loss rate in InxGal-xAsl-yNy is about 64 meV/ps suggesting that hot electrons lose their energy primarily to the GaAs-like LO phonons in this dilute nitride semiconductor. (2) Both the non-equilibrium electron distribution and the electron drift velocity in InGaN and InN have been measured. These experimental results are compared with ensemble Monte Carlo calculations and good agreement is found. (3) Our experimental results support the small bandgap value for InN (approximately 0.8 eV) and are inconsistent with the 0.8 eV luminescence emission being due to deep level radiative emission. (C) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Arizona State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. Arizona State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. Cornell Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Arizona State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. EM tsen@asu.edu RI Everitt, Henry/L-7118-2013 OI Everitt, Henry/0000-0002-8141-3768 NR 100 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 33 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0749-6036 J9 SUPERLATTICE MICROST JI Superlattices Microstruct. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 38 IS 2 BP 77 EP 114 DI 10.1016/j.spmi.2005.04.004 PG 38 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 954RB UT WOS:000231171100001 ER PT J AU Mathew, T Webb, DW AF Mathew, T Webb, DW TI Generalized p values and confidence intervals for variance components: Applications to army test and evaluation SO TECHNOMETRICS LA English DT Article DE firing occasion; generalized confidence interval; generalized p value; nested effect; satterthwaite approximation; tube-to-tube variability; variance component ID MODELS AB Various mixed models that are relevant for analyzing Army test data are described, along with several hypothesis testing and interval estimation problems. The problems come up in the context of investigating gun tube accuracy of an M 1 Series tank; in particular, for the study of tube-to-tube dispersion. Factors that affect tube-to-tube variability might include the tanks, ammunition lot, ammunition temperature, firing occasions, and so on. Some of these are fixed factors, and others are random factors. The inference problems that arise in the study of tube-to-tube dispersion are somewhat different from those usually encountered in typical ANOVA situations. A unified approach to solving these problems is presented using the concepts of generalized p values and generalized confidence intervals. The performance of the resulting tests and confidence intervals is numerically investigated and is found to be quite satisfactory. Analysis of some Army test data is presented to illustrate the results. C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Math & Stat, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Mathew, T (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Math & Stat, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. EM mathew@math.umbc.edu; webb@arl.army.mil NR 21 TC 39 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER STATISTICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1429 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0040-1706 J9 TECHNOMETRICS JI Technometrics PD AUG PY 2005 VL 47 IS 3 BP 312 EP 322 DI 10.1198/004017005000000265 PG 11 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA 949RS UT WOS:000230806400007 ER PT J AU Hensley, LE Geisbert, TW AF Hensley, LE Geisbert, TW TI The contribution of the endothelium to the development of coagulation disorders that characterize Ebola hemorrhagic fever in primates SO THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS LA English DT Article DE Ebola virus; filovirus; hemorrhagic fever; pathogenesis ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; VIRUS-INFECTED PATIENTS; DC-SIGN; TISSUE FACTOR; VASCULAR-DISEASE; CELL MONOLAYERS; NITRIC-OXIDE; IN-VITRO; INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES; ENVELOPE GLYCOPROTEINS AB Recently, there have been substantial developments in the understanding of Ebola hemorrhagic fever pathogenesis, but there are still major gaps. These infections occur in underdeveloped areas of the world,and much of our knowledge of naturally occurring disease is derived from sporadic outbreaks that occurred decades in the past. Recently conducted laboratory animal studies have provided insight into Ebola pathogenesis and may help guide clinical investigations of disease using contemporary methodologies that were not available previously. A better understanding of the relevant host and viral factors that influence clinical and virologic outcome will be critical to our ability to combat this aggressive pathogen. This article reviews the most relevant information relating to the postulated pathogenesis of this disease, focusing on the role of the endothelium in contributing to the coagulation disorders that characterize Ebola hemorrhagic fever in primates. Some of the remaining and key unanswered questions relating to the role of the vascular system in the pathogenesis of this disease, that need to be addressed in further research, are highlighted. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Geisbert, TW (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM tom.geisbert@amedd.army.mil NR 92 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 5 PU SCHATTAUER GMBH-VERLAG MEDIZIN NATURWISSENSCHAFTEN PI STUTTGART PA HOLDERLINSTRASSE 3, D-70174 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0340-6245 J9 THROMB HAEMOSTASIS JI Thromb. Haemost. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 94 IS 2 BP 254 EP 261 DI 10.1160/TH05-03-0153 PG 8 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 952RS UT WOS:000231023800005 PM 16113813 ER PT J AU Dye, HA AF Dye, HA TI Virtual knots undetected by 1-and 2-strand bracket polynomials SO TOPOLOGY AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE virtual knots; bracket polynomial; fundamental group AB Kishino's knot is not detected by the fundamental group or the bracket polynomial. However, we can show that Kishino's knot is not equivalent to the unknot by applying either the 3-strand bracket polynomial or the surface bracket polynomial. In this paper, we construct two non-trivial virtual knot diagrams, K-D and K-m, that are not detected by the 1-strand or the 2-strand bracket polynomial. From these diagrams, we construct two infinite families of non-classical virtual knot diagrams that are not detected by the bracket polynomial. Additionally, these virtual knot diagrams are trivial as flats. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 US Mil Acad, MADN MATH, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Dye, HA (reprint author), US Mil Acad, MADN MATH, 646 Swift Rd, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM hdye@ttocs.org NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-8641 J9 TOPOL APPL JI Topology Appl. PD AUG 1 PY 2005 VL 153 IS 1 BP 141 EP 160 DI 10.1016/j.topol.2005.01.028 PG 20 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics SC Mathematics GA 972EY UT WOS:000232438200011 ER PT J AU Nixon, CP Friedman, JF Knopf, PM Duffy, PE Kurtis, JD AF Nixon, CP Friedman, JF Knopf, PM Duffy, PE Kurtis, JD TI Protective human immunity as a vaccine discovery tool for falciparum malaria SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 53rd Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 07-11, 2004 CL Miami Beach, FL SP Amer Soc Trop Med Hygiene ID MEROZOITE-INVASION INHIBITION; ERYTHROCYTE BINDING ANTIGEN; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; HUMAN-ANTIBODIES; GLYCOPHORIN-A; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; TERMINAL FRAGMENT; HUMAN RESISTANCE; SURFACE-ANTIGEN; WESTERN KENYA AB BACKGROUND: Plasmodium falciparurn malaria remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries, and malaria-associated severe anemia is the major factor driving the high transfusion requirements in pediatric populations living in endemic areas. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: In this report, we identify and evaluate the targets of naturally acquired protective antibody responses in a cohort of n = 143 male volunteers residing in a P falciparum holoendemic area of western Kenya. Volunteers were drug-cured of current malaria infection, blood was collected 2 weeks after treatment, and blood smears were collected weekly for 18 weeks. We identified and pooled plasma from the 10 most resistant (RP) and the 7 most susceptible individuals (SP) and utilized these pools in a differential screen of a P falciparum cDNA expression library. We screened 550,000 clones and identified 7 clones that were uniquely recognized by RP but not by SIR Two clones encoded a C-terminal region polypeptide from rhoptery-associated membrane antigen (RAMA-pr), a recently described rhoptry-associated membrane antigen. RESULTS: We measured RAMA-pr antibody levels in plasma obtained 2 weeks after treatment. Individuals with detectable immunoglobulin G(1) anti-RAMA-pr (n = 24) had fewer positive blood films (p < 0.003) and 43 percent lower density of parasitemia (p < 0.02) than individuals with undetectable (n = 115) antibody levels. CONCLUSION: RAMA-pr is a rationally identified vaccine candidate preferentially recognized by antibodies produced by humans with a high level of naturally acquired resistance to P falciparum infection. Our results demonstrate that naturally acquired protective antibody responses are useful tools to identify vaccine candidates for falciparum malaria. C1 Brown Univ, Int Hlth Inst, Dept Pediat, Dept Mol Microbiol & Immunol, Providence, RI 02912 USA. Brown Univ, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Providence, RI 02912 USA. Seattle Biomed Res Inst, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Kurtis, JD (reprint author), Brown Univ, Int Hlth Inst, Dept Pediat, Dept Mol Microbiol & Immunol, Box G-B 497, Providence, RI 02912 USA. EM Jonathan_Kurtis@Brown.edu OI Friedman, Jennifer/0000-0001-5804-9921 FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI052059, R03 AI054394-01] NR 40 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD AUG PY 2005 VL 45 IS 2 SU S BP 81S EP 87S DI 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2005.00540.x PG 7 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 954KS UT WOS:000231154600013 PM 16086793 ER PT J AU Zaas, AK Schwartz, DA AF Zaas, AK Schwartz, DA TI Innate immunity and the lung: Defense at the interface between host and environment SO TRENDS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID TOLL-LIKE RECEPTOR-4; SURFACTANT PROTEIN-A; MANNOSE-BINDING LECTIN; MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS INFECTION; RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS; ALVEOLAR EPITHELIAL-CELLS; GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA; DEFICIENT MICE; CUTTING EDGE; CYSTIC-FIBROSIS AB The lung serves as a major interface between the host and the external environment. As such, numerous lines of defense protect the host from inhaled potential pathogens. A breach in pulmonary innate immunity can lead to deleterious outcomes, such as pneumonia and disseminated infection. Pulmonary innate immunity, the first line of defense, is mediated by airway and alveolar epithelial cells as well as resident and recruited leukocytes. This article will discuss the key cellular and secreted components of the pulmonary innate immune system. C1 Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis & Int Hlth, Burnham, NC USA. Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Zaas, AK (reprint author), USA, MD Box 3355,Duke S Blue Zone, Durham, NC 27710 USA. EM aimee.zaas@duke.edu NR 96 TC 35 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 1050-1738 J9 TRENDS CARDIOVAS MED JI Trends Cardiovasc. Med. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 15 IS 6 BP 195 EP 202 AR PII S1050-1738(05)00117-9 DI 10.1016/j.tcm.2005.07.001 PG 8 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 974TS UT WOS:000232614900001 PM 16182128 ER PT J AU LePera, ME Comfort, AS AF LePera, ME Comfort, AS TI Multipurpose vehicle oils: To have and have not SO TRIBOLOGY & LUBRICATION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 Le Pera & Associates, Harrisonburg, VA 22810 USA. USA, Tank Automot & Armaments Command, TACOM, Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Warren, MI USA. RP LePera, ME (reprint author), Le Pera & Associates, Harrisonburg, VA 22810 USA. EM melepera@aol.com; allen.s.comfort@us.army.mil NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC TRIBOLOGISTS & LUBRICATION ENGINEERS PI PARK RIDGE PA 840 BUSSE HIGHWAY, PARK RIDGE, IL 60068 USA SN 0024-7154 J9 TRIBOL LUBR TECHNOL JI Tribol. Lubr. Technol. PD AUG PY 2005 VL 61 IS 8 BP 20 EP 28 PG 9 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 952DP UT WOS:000230982600007 ER PT J AU Dong, YX Chollet, J Matile, H Charman, SA Chiu, FCK Charman, WN Scorneaux, B Urwyler, H Tomas, JS Scheurer, C Snyder, C Dorn, A Wang, XF Karle, JM Tang, YQ Wittlin, S Brun, R Vennerstrom, JL AF Dong, YX Chollet, J Matile, H Charman, SA Chiu, FCK Charman, WN Scorneaux, B Urwyler, H Tomas, JS Scheurer, C Snyder, C Dorn, A Wang, XF Karle, JM Tang, YQ Wittlin, S Brun, R Vennerstrom, JL TI Spiro and dispiro-1,2,4-trioxolanes as antimalarial peroxides: Charting a workable structure-activity relationship using simple prototypes SO JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SYNTHETIC PEROXIDES; STABLE OZONIDES; DRUG DISCOVERY; ARTEMISININ; DESIGN; OZONOLYSIS; MALARIA; SYSTEMS; KETONES; HUMANS AB This paper describes the discovery of synthetic 1,2,4-trioxolane antimalarials and how we established a workable structure-activity relationship in the context of physicochemical, biopharmaceutical, and toxicological profiling. An achiral dispiro-1,2,4-trioxolane (3) in which the trioxolane is flanked by a spiroadamantane and spirocyclohexane was rapidly identified as a lead compound. Nonperoxidic 1,3-dioxolane isosteres of 3 were inactive as were trioxolanes without the spiroadamantane. The trioxolanes were substantially less effective in a standard oral suspension formulation compared to a solubilizing formulation and were more active when administered subcutaneously than orally, both of which suggest substantial biopharmaceutical liabilities. Nonetheless, despite their limited oral bioavailability, the more lipophilic trioxolanes generally had better oral activity than their more polar counterparts. In pharmacokinetic experiments, four trioxolanes had high plasma clearance values, suggesting a potential metabolic instability. The toxicological profiles of two trioxolanes were comparable to that of artesunate. C1 Univ Nebraska, Med Ctr, Coll Pharm, Omaha, NE 68198 USA. Swiss Trop Inst, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland. F Hoffmann La Roche & Co Ltd, CH-4070 Basel, Switzerland. Monash Univ, Victorian Coll Pharm, Parkville, Vic 3052, Australia. Basilea Pharmaceut Ltd, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Vennerstrom, JL (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Med Ctr, Coll Pharm, 986025 Nebraska Med Ctr, Omaha, NE 68198 USA. EM jvenners@unmc.edu RI Charman, Susan/E-2221-2011; OI Charman, Susan/0000-0003-1753-8213; Charman, William/0000-0002-7051-2023 NR 41 TC 79 Z9 81 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0022-2623 J9 J MED CHEM JI J. Med. Chem. PD JUL 28 PY 2005 VL 48 IS 15 BP 4953 EP 4961 DI 10.1021/jm049040u PG 9 WC Chemistry, Medicinal SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 949PJ UT WOS:000230800300023 PM 16033274 ER PT J AU Davis, VT Aguilar, A Covington, AM Thompson, JS Calabrese, D Cisneros, C Gulley, MS Halka, M Hanstorp, D Sandstrom, J McLaughlin, BM Gribakin, GF Pegg, DJ AF Davis, VT Aguilar, A Covington, AM Thompson, JS Calabrese, D Cisneros, C Gulley, MS Halka, M Hanstorp, D Sandstrom, J McLaughlin, BM Gribakin, GF Pegg, DJ TI Photo-double detachment from the F- ion SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS B-ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID INNER-SHELL PHOTODETACHMENT; 2-ELECTRON PHOTOIONIZATION; THRESHOLD; STRENGTHS; STATES; HE AB The correlated process of photodetaching two electrons from the F- ion following the absorption of a single photon has been investigated over an energy range 20-62 eV. In the experiment, a beam of photons from the Advanced Light Source was collinearly merged with a counter-propagating beam of F- ions from a sputter ion source. The F+ ions produced in the interaction region were detected, and the normalized signal was used to monitor the relative cross section for the double-detachment reaction. An absolute scale for the cross section was established by measuring the spatial overlap of the two beams and by determining the efficiency for collection and detection of the F+ ions. The measured cross section is compared with R-matrix and random phase approximation calculations. These calculations show that the Auger decay of the 2s2p(6) core-excited state of the F atom plays a minor role in the production of F+ ions and that double detachment is likely to be dominated by simultaneous correlated ejection of two valence electrons at energies well above threshold. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Phys, West Point, NY 10996 USA. Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA. Univ Nevada, Chem Phys Program, Reno, NV 89557 USA. Sierra Coll, Dept Phys, Rocklin, CA 95677 USA. Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Ciencias Fis, Cuernavaca 62251, Morelos, Mexico. Los Alamos Natl Lab, LANCSE Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Embry Riddle Aeronaut Univ, Dept Phys, Prescott, AZ 86301 USA. Chalmers, Dept Phys, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden. Univ Gothenburg, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden. Queens Univ Belfast, Dept Appl Math & Theoret Phys, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Davis, VT (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Phys, West Point, NY 10996 USA. OI Thompson, Jeffrey/0000-0001-9699-5767; Calabrese, Dominic/0000-0003-3933-0739 NR 31 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-4075 J9 J PHYS B-AT MOL OPT JI J. Phys. B-At. Mol. Opt. Phys. PD JUL 28 PY 2005 VL 38 IS 14 BP 2579 EP 2589 DI 10.1088/0953-4075/38/14/020 PG 11 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 957BS UT WOS:000231344900022 ER PT J AU Magill, A Panosian, C AF Magill, A Panosian, C TI Making antibacterial agents available in the United States SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Magill, A (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 4 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD JUL 28 PY 2005 VL 353 IS 4 BP 335 EP 337 DI 10.1056/NEJMp058167 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 949JW UT WOS:000230782800004 PM 16000347 ER PT J AU Krishfield, RA Perovich, DK AF Krishfield, RA Perovich, DK TI Spatial and temporal variability of oceanic heat flux to the Arctic ice pack SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID COLD HALOCLINE LAYER; SEA-ICE; MASS-BALANCE; BOUNDARY-LAYER; COVER; SHEBA; HYDROGRAPHY; INTERFACE; MODEL; DRIFT AB [1] In order to simulate the large-scale structure and temporal variability of oceanic heat flux (F-w) to the Arctic perennial ice pack, observations of heat in the mixed layer and ice dynamics are compared with parameterizations and climatologies. Long-term drifting platform observations of seawater temperature and salinity ( primarily from automated buoys) are used to describe the annual cycle of temperature above freezing (Delta T-f) in the mixed layer beneath the ice pack, which are modulated by ice-ocean friction velocities (u*) determined from the platform drifts to produce estimates of F-w between 1975 and 1998. On average, DTf is not negligible in winter, especially in the Transpolar Drift, which implies a positive F-w to the ice pack by means other than solar heating. A parameterization based solely on the solar zenith angle ( with a 1 month lag) is found to largely describe the observed Delta T-f (with root mean square error of 0.03 degrees C), despite the lack of an albedo or open water term. A reconstruction of F-w from 1979 to 2002 is produced by modulating parameterized Delta T-f with u* on the basis of daily ice drift estimates from a composite satellite and in situ data set. The reconstructed estimates are corrected for regional variations and are compared to independent estimates of F-w from ice mass balance measurements, indicating annual F-w averages between 3 and 4 W m(-2) depending on the selection of under-ice roughness length in the ice-ocean stress calculations. Although the interannual variations in Delta T-f are fixed by the parameterization in the derived reconstruction, the dynamics indicate an overall positive trend (0.2 W m(-2) decade(-1)) in Arctic F-w, with the largest variations found in the southern Beaufort Gyre. C1 Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, MS 23, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. EM rkrishfield@whoi.edu NR 40 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9275 EI 2169-9291 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD JUL 27 PY 2005 VL 110 IS C7 AR C07021 DI 10.1029/2004JC002293 PG 20 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 951PI UT WOS:000230942400001 ER PT J AU Abbott, KC AF Abbott, KC TI Venous thromboembolism in renal transplant recipients SO TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Letter ID CYTOMEGALOVIRUS C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dialysis & Nephrol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Abbott, KC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dialysis & Nephrol Serv, 6900 Georgia Ave,Bldg 2,Ward 48, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM kcabbott@medscape.com OI Abbott, Kevin/0000-0003-2111-7112 NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0041-1337 J9 TRANSPLANTATION JI Transplantation PD JUL 27 PY 2005 VL 80 IS 2 BP 288 EP 288 DI 10.1097/01.TP.0000164511.82154.93 PG 1 WC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation SC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation GA 950TQ UT WOS:000230881100026 PM 16041283 ER PT J AU Das, NC Olver, K Towner, F Simonis, G Shen, H AF Das, NC Olver, K Towner, F Simonis, G Shen, H TI Infrared (3.8 mu m) interband cascade light-emitting diode array with record high efficiency SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID EXTERNAL QUANTUM EFFICIENCY; LASERS AB We report here the light emission from IR interband-cascade (IC) type-II-superlattice light-emitting diode (LED) structures. We employed two different IC epitaxial structures consisting of 9 or 18 periods of active superlattice gain regions separated by multilayer injection regions. The light output (and the voltage drop) of the LEDs is observed to increase as expected with increase in the number of IC active regions. The 18-period LEDs are found to have 0.65% and 2.8% external efficiency at room temperature and liquid nitrogen temperature respectively. An increase of light intensity by 6 times is observed by thinning the GaSb substrates from 500 mu m to 25 mu m. Another 10% increase is observed using a linear grating on the top surface of the device. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 USA, Res Lab, Microphoton Branch, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. USA, Res Lab, IR Mat Branch, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Maxion Technol, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Das, NC (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Microphoton Branch, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 17 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUL 25 PY 2005 VL 87 IS 4 AR 041105 DI 10.1063/1.2001759 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 948OP UT WOS:000230725900005 ER PT J AU Vigersky, RA AF Vigersky, RA TI Goldilocks and menopause SO ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID HYPOACTIVE SEXUAL DESIRE; POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; TESTOSTERONE; OOPHORECTOMY; HYSTERECTOMY; ESTROGENS; PROFILES C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Endocrinol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Vigersky, RA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Endocrinol Serv, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM robert.vigersky@na.amedd.army.mil NR 11 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-9926 J9 ARCH INTERN MED JI Arch. Intern. Med. PD JUL 25 PY 2005 VL 165 IS 14 BP 1571 EP 1572 DI 10.1001/archinte.165.14.1571 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 948BT UT WOS:000230691700001 PM 16043673 ER PT J AU Yao, C Williams, AJ Hartings, JA Lu, XCM Tortella, FC Dave, JR AF Yao, C Williams, AJ Hartings, JA Lu, XCM Tortella, FC Dave, JR TI Down-regulation of the sodium channel Na(v)1.1 alpha-subunit following focal ischemic brain injury in rats: In situ hybridization and immunohistochemical analysis SO LIFE SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE voltage-gated sodium channel; ischemia; middle cerebral artery occlusion; MCAo; reperfusion ID SEVERE MYOCLONIC EPILEPSY; NA+-CHANNELS; C-FOS; EXPRESSION; BLOCKER; MUTATIONS; SCN1A; NEUROPROTECTION; APOPTOSIS; RS100642 AB Change in sodium channel (NaCh) activity can play a role in reorganization, recovery, or possibly excitotoxic damage after CNS injury. Alteration of sodium channel function has been reported to occur in a variety of neuropathological states including epilepsy and brain injury. Previously we reported that out of five NaCh alpha subunit genes that were down-regulated, Na(v)1.1 exhibited the most dramatic and sustained alterations following focal cerebral ischemia in the rat. In the present study, we evaluated the acute spatial and temporal time course distribution of Na(v)1.1 mRNA (in situ hybridization) and protein (immunohistochemistry) following ischemic brain injury. Male rats were subjected to 2 h of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) followed by reperfusion and brain tissue was collected at 2, 6, 24, and 48 h post-MCAo. Analysis of brain tissue revealed a qualitative drop in both mRNA and protein levels of Na(v)1.1 throughout ischemic regions, beginning at the early stage of injury (6h) with dramatic losses at later stages (24 and 48 h). Quantitative cell counts and optical density measurements indicated significant decreases in the percent of brain cells immunoreactive for Na(v)1.1 as well as a loss of signal in those cells positive for Na(v)1.1 in the injured cortex and striatum as compared to the contralateral hemisphere. Double labeling with NeuN and Na(v)1.1 immunoflouresence confirmed that the predominate loss of Na(v)1.1 immunoreactivity was in neurons. In conclusion, these data map the time-dependent loss of Na(v)1.1 mRNA and protein following focal ischemic brain injury in the rat out to 48 h post-injury. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Appl Neurobiol, Div Psychiat & Neurosci, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Dave, JR (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Appl Neurobiol, Div Psychiat & Neurosci, 503 Robert Grant Ave,Room 2A40, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM jit.dave@na.amedd.army.mil NR 30 TC 11 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0024-3205 J9 LIFE SCI JI Life Sci. PD JUL 22 PY 2005 VL 77 IS 10 BP 1116 EP 1129 DI 10.1016/j.lfs.2005.02.008 PG 14 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 942KO UT WOS:000230281500005 PM 15878599 ER PT J AU DeZee, KJ Shimeall, W Douglas, K Jackson, JL AF DeZee, KJ Shimeall, W Douglas, K Jackson, JL TI High-dosage vitamin E supplementation and all-cause mortality SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Letter ID CONTROLLED-TRIALS; PUBLICATION BIAS; METAANALYSIS; QUALITY C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP DeZee, KJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 5 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 USA SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD JUL 19 PY 2005 VL 143 IS 2 BP 153 EP 154 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 946YG UT WOS:000230608600016 PM 16027465 ER PT J AU Wilson, R Truesdell, AG Villines, TC AF Wilson, R Truesdell, AG Villines, TC TI Inflammatory lesions on every finger SO AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Wilson, R (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD FAMILY PHYSICIANS PI KANSAS CITY PA 8880 WARD PARKWAY, KANSAS CITY, MO 64114-2797 USA SN 0002-838X J9 AM FAM PHYSICIAN JI Am. Fam. Physician PD JUL 15 PY 2005 VL 72 IS 2 BP 317 EP 318 PG 2 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 947ZX UT WOS:000230686900011 PM 16050456 ER PT J AU Herndon, TM Pirone, DM Tsokos, GC Chen, CS AF Herndon, TM Pirone, DM Tsokos, GC Chen, CS TI T cell-to-T cell clustering enhances NF-kappa B activity by a PI3K signal mediated by Cbl-b and Rho SO BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE CD28; clustering; cell-cell adhesion; cytoskeleton; TCR; RhoA; PI3K ID IMMUNOLOGICAL SYNAPSE; NEGATIVE REGULATORS; CD28 COSTIMULATION; ACTIVATION; UBIQUITINATION; PROLIFERATION; PATHWAYS; 3-KINASE; FAMILY AB Full activation of T cells requires the binding of antigen to the T cell receptor and stimulation of the CD28 molecule, a process which typically occurs when T cells bind to an antigen presenting cell. The transcription factor, NF-kappa B, is an integration point for these two signals and its activation is critical for T cell function. Using antibodies to the TCR and CD28 molecules to activate Jurkat T cells, we show that cells that were permitted to aggregate into multi-cellular clusters increased NF-kappa B activity compared to unclustered cells. Inhibition of PI3K signaling with wortmannin decreased the clustering-mediated NF-kappa B signal. Over-expression of a dominant negative form of Cbl-b, an endogenous inhibitor of PI3K, in unclustered cells rescued NF-kappa B activation to the same levels caused by cell clustering. Inhibiting signaling through Rho with dominant negative RhoA abrogated both clustering-mediated and dominant negative Cbl-b-mediated NF-kappa B inactivation, but not TCR/CD28 mediated NF-kappa B activation. Taken together, these results suggest that in addition to pathways stimulated by classical T cell-APC interactions, another signal arising from T cell clustering can enhance activation. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Johns Hopkins Sch Med, Dept Biomed Engn, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Univ Penn, Dept Bioengn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Chen, CS (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Sch Med, Dept Biomed Engn, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM chrischen@seas.upenn.edu FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL073305]; NIBIB NIH HHS [EB 00262] NR 29 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0006-291X J9 BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO JI Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. PD JUL 15 PY 2005 VL 332 IS 4 BP 1133 EP 1139 DI 10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.05.064 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 937AC UT WOS:000229895900029 PM 15922296 ER PT J AU Cole, MW Nothwang, WD Demaree, JD Hirsch, S AF Cole, MW Nothwang, WD Demaree, JD Hirsch, S TI Integration of Ba1-xSrxTiO3-based active thin films with silicon-compatible materials and process science protocols to enable affordable on-the-move communications technologies SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CIRCUITS; TA2O5 AB Integration of Ba1-xSrxTiO3- (BST) based thin films with affordable Si substrates has a potentially significant commercial impact as the demand for high-frequency tunable devices intensifies. Utilizing a coplanar device design we have monolithically integrated, optimized, and fabricated a high-performance composite bilayer heterostructure, Si/Ta2O5/BST, whereby the base layer film Ta2O5 serves as a passive buffer layer to allow integration of BST active thin films with affordable Si substrates. Optimization of this design configuration was achieved by evaluating two heterostructure processing protocols: (1) a single-anneal and (2) a dual-anneal process protocol. The reliability susceptibility, i.e., the nonabrupt defect-laden bilayer film interface, of the single-anneal protocol deemed it inappropriate for the fabrication of this monolithic heterostructure design. In contrast, the defect-free, structurally abrupt bilayer and buffer layer film-substrate interfaces suggest the dual anneal process to be an excellent method for realizing monolithic integration of BST with affordable Si substrates. This work suggests that the coefficient of thermal expansion mismatch between the Ta2O5 buffer and the BST thin films in the coplanar device design serves to enhance the dielectric tunability of the device. Realization of this materials integration technology serves to promote broadscale implementation of affordable tunable microwave devices across a variety of advanced communications platforms. C1 USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Cole, MW (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM mcole@arl.army.mil NR 14 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUL 15 PY 2005 VL 98 IS 2 AR 024507 DI 10.1063/1.1977201 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 951LJ UT WOS:000230931500108 ER PT J AU Kilunga, KB Inoue, T Okano, Y Kabututu, Z Martin, SK Lazarus, M Duszenko, M Sumii, Y Kusakari, Y Matsumura, H Kai, Y Sugiyama, S Inaka, K Inui, T Urade, Y AF Kilunga, KB Inoue, T Okano, Y Kabututu, Z Martin, SK Lazarus, M Duszenko, M Sumii, Y Kusakari, Y Matsumura, H Kai, Y Sugiyama, S Inaka, K Inui, T Urade, Y TI Structural and mutational analysis of Trypanosoma brucei prostaglandin H-2 reductase provides insight into the catalytic mechanism of aldo-ketoreductases SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID 3-ALPHA-HYDROXYSTEROID DIHYDRODIOL DEHYDROGENASE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; F SYNTHASE; LUTEOLYTIC HORMONE; ALDEHYDE REDUCTASE; CORPUS-LUTEUM; ACTIVE-SITE; BOVINE LUNG; SUPERFAMILY; MUTAGENESIS AB Trypanosoma brucei prostaglandin F-2 alpha synthase is an aldo-ketoreductase that catalyzes the reduction of prostaglandin H-2 to PGF(2 alpha) in addition to that of 9,10- phenanthrenequinone. We report the crystal structure of TbPGFS.NADP(+).citrate at 2.1 angstrom resolution. TbPGFS adopts a parallel (alpha/beta)(8)-barrel fold lacking the protrudent loops and possesses a hydrophobic core active site that contains a catalytic tetrad of tyrosine, lysine, histidine, and aspartate, which is highly conserved among AKRs. Site-directed mutagenesis of the catalytic tetrad residues revealed that a dyad of Lys(77) and His(110), and a triad of Tyr(52), Lys(77), and His(110) are essential for the reduction of PGH(2) and 9,10- PQ, respectively. Structural and kinetic analysis revealed that His(110), acts as the general acid catalyst for PGH(2) reduction and that Lys(77) facilitates His(110) protonation through a water molecule, while exerting an electrostatic repulsion against His(110) that maintains the spatial arrangement which allows the formation of a hydrogen bond between His(110) and C-11 carbonyl ofPGH(2). We also show that Tyr(52) acts as the general acid catalyst for 9,10- PQ reduction, and thus we not only elucidate the catalytic mechanism of a PGH(2) reductase but also provide an insight into the catalytic specificity of AKRs. C1 USA, Med Res Unit Kenya, Unit 64109, APO, AE 09831 USA. Osaka Biosci Inst, Dept Mol Behav Biol, Suita, Osaka 5650874, Japan. Osaka Univ, Dept Chem Mat, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan. Osaka Univ, Dept Mol Protozool, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan. Univ Tubingen, Inst Physiol Chem, D-72076 Tubingen, Germany. MARUWA Foods Ind Inc, Nara 6391123, Japan. Tsu City Coll, Dept Food & Nutr, Tsu, Mie 5140012, Japan. Japan Sci Technol Agcy, PRESTO, Struct & Funct Biomol Grp, Kawaguchi, Saitama 3320012, Japan. RP Kilunga, KB (reprint author), USA, Med Res Unit Kenya, Unit 64109, APO, AE 09831 USA. EM bkubata@nairobi.mimcom.net RI Inui, Takashi/G-1069-2011; Lazarus, Michael/G-3130-2010; OI Lazarus, Michael/0000-0003-3863-4474; Matsumura, Hiroyoshi/0000-0003-0361-3796; Lazarus, Michael/0000-0003-4700-7894 NR 54 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD JUL 15 PY 2005 VL 280 IS 28 BP 26371 EP 26382 DI 10.1074/jbc.M413884200 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 943WT UT WOS:000230386800053 PM 15845552 ER PT J AU Warfield, KL Olinger, G Deal, EM Swenson, DL Bailey, M Negley, DL Hart, MK Bavari, S AF Warfield, KL Olinger, G Deal, EM Swenson, DL Bailey, M Negley, DL Hart, MK Bavari, S TI Induction of humoral and CD8(+) T cell responses are required for protection against lethal Ebola virus infection SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NONHUMAN-PRIMATES; PARTICLES PROTECT; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; PASSIVE TRANSFER; GUINEA-PIGS; MARBURG; VACCINES; MICE; GLYCOPROTEIN; IMMUNIZATION AB Ebola virus (EBOV)-like particles (eVLP), composed of the EBOV glycoprotein and matrix viral protein (VP)40 with a lipid membrane, are a highly efficacious method of immunization against EBOV infection. The exact requirements for immunity against EBOV infection are poorly defined at this time. The goal of this work was to determine the requirements for EBOV immunity following eVLP vaccination. Vaccination of BALB/c or C57BL/6 mice with eVLPs in conjunction with QS-21 adjuvant resulted in mixed IgG subclass responses, a Th1-like memory cytokine response, and protection from lethal EBOV challenge. Further, this vaccination schedule led to the generation of both CD4(+) and CD8(+) IFN-gamma(+) T cells recognizing specific peptides within glycoprotein and VP40. The transfer of both serum and splenocytes, but not serum or splenocytes alone, from eVLP-vaccinated mice conferred protection against lethal EBOV infection in these studies. B cells were required for eVLP-mediated immunity to EBOV because B cell-deficient mice vaccinated with eVLPs were not protected from lethal EBOV challenge. We also found that CD8(+), but not CD4(+), T cells are absolutely required for eVLP-mediated protection against EBOV infection. Further, eVLP-induced protective mechanisms were perforin-independent, but IFN-gamma-dependent. Taken together, both EBOV-specific Immoral and cytotoxic CD8(+) T cell responses are critical to mediate protection against filoviruses following eVLP vaccination. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Bavari, S (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, 1425 Porter St, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. EM sina.bavari@amedd.army.mil NR 45 TC 76 Z9 80 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD JUL 15 PY 2005 VL 175 IS 2 BP 1184 EP 1191 PG 8 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 989BJ UT WOS:000233647600065 PM 16002721 ER PT J AU McKenzie, FE Prudhomme, WA Magill, AJ Forney, JR Permpanich, B Lucas, C Gasser, RA Wongsrichanalai, C AF McKenzie, FE Prudhomme, WA Magill, AJ Forney, JR Permpanich, B Lucas, C Gasser, RA Wongsrichanalai, C TI White blood cell counts and malaria SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID FALCIPARUM-MALARIA; PARASITE DENSITY; DIAGNOSIS; MICROSCOPY; DEVICES AB White blood cells (WBCs) were counted in 4697 individuals who presented to outpatient malaria clinics in Maesod, Tak Province, Thailand, and Iquitos, Peru, between 28 May and 28 August 1998 and between 17 May and 9 July 1999. At each site and in each year, WBC counts in the Plasmodium falciparum-infected patients were lower than those in the Plasmodium vivax-infected patients, which, in turn, were lower than those in the uninfected patients. In Thailand, one-sixth of the P. falciparum-infected patients had WBC counts of < 4000 cells/mu L. Leukopenia may confound population studies that estimate parasite densities on the basis of an assumed WBC count of 8000 cells/mu L. For instance, in the present study, use of this conventional approach would have overestimated average asexual parasite densities in the P. falciparum-infected patients in Thailand by nearly one-third. C1 NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. USN, Med Res Ctr Detachment, Lima, Peru. USN, Med Res Unit 2, Jakarta, Indonesia. RP McKenzie, FE (reprint author), NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bldg 16, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM em225k@nih.gov FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z99 TW999999] NR 29 TC 59 Z9 59 U1 2 U2 3 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JUL 15 PY 2005 VL 192 IS 2 BP 323 EP 330 DI 10.1086/431152 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 943WX UT WOS:000230387300017 PM 15962228 ER PT J AU Potter, BK Rosner, MK Lehman, RA Polly, DW Schroeder, TM Kuklo, TR AF Potter, BK Rosner, MK Lehman, RA Polly, DW Schroeder, TM Kuklo, TR TI Reliability of end, neutral, and stable vertebrae identification in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis SO SPINE LA English DT Article DE end vertebra; neutral vertebra; stable vertebra; adolescent idiopathic scoliosis; reliability; fusion levels ID COTREL-DUBOUSSET INSTRUMENTATION; PEDICLE SCREW FIXATION; THORACIC SCOLIOSIS; FUSION LEVELS; INTEROBSERVER RELIABILITY; CLASSIFICATION; DECOMPENSATION; RADIOGRAPHS; CURVE; INTRAOBSERVER AB Study Design. Analysis of radiographic interpretation and vertebral level identification. Objectives. To assess the intra- and interobserver reliability by observer training level used for selecting the end vertebra (EV), neutral vertebra (NV), and stable vertebra (SV) in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients. Summary of Background Data. Various radiographic and clinical factors are important in surgical planning. For adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, an analysis of the end, neutral, and stable vertebrae are of paramount importance for understanding spinal deformity management and determining the distal fusion level. Additionally, the development and comparison of optimal surgical techniques requires reliable, reproducible radiographic parameters. Methods. One hundred consecutive radiographs of operative cases of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis were evaluated on three separate occasions by three surgeons ( 2700 data points) at various levels of training (fellowship-trained spine surgeon, fellow in-training, orthopedic surgery resident). For each iteration, the observers attempted to identify the distal structural Cobb curve EV, NV, and SV. The radiographs included preselected Lenke type 1, 3, and 5 curves in random order. The average main thoracic curve was 53 degrees ( range, 30 - 82 degrees) with a T8 - T9 average apex, whereas the average thoracolumbar curve was 33 degrees ( range, 18 - 65 degrees). Intra- and interobserver reliability was assessed by means of Cohen's Kappa correlation coefficient, and raw percentages of agreement were recorded. Results. Intraobserver reliability was good to excellent for determining the EV (kappa(a) = 0.69 - 0.88), good for determining the NV (kappa(a) = 0.65 - 0.73), and good to excellent fordetermining the SV (kappa(a) = 0.74 - 0.91) with 83.5, 72.2, and 85.6% intraobserver agreement, respectively. A trend was noted towards greater intraobserver reliability with increasing levels of observer experience. Interobserver reliability was poor (kappa(a) = 0.26 - 0.39) for each vertebral level, with interobserver agreement for only 48.7% of EV, 41.7% of NV, and 51.0% of SV. However, interobserver agreement increased significantly when concurrence within one vertebral level was assessed, with 91, 73, and 76% agreement for identifying the EV, NV, and SV, respectively. Conclusions. Radiographic determination of the EV, NV, and SV demonstrated good to excellent intraobserver, but poor interobserver, reliability. Interobserver agreement was fair to good when concurrence within one adjacent level was assessed. Observer experience level may be a factor. The difficulties in identifying these vertebral levels represent a potential obstacle to reproducible patient-specific fusion level determination and to the optimization and uniformity of patient care. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Neurosurg Serv, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Minnesota, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Potter, BK (reprint author), 2813 27th St,NW, Washington, DC 20008 USA. EM Benjamin.Potter@na.amedd.army.mil NR 38 TC 25 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0362-2436 J9 SPINE JI SPINE PD JUL 15 PY 2005 VL 30 IS 14 BP 1658 EP 1663 DI 10.1097/01.brs.0000170290.05381.9a PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology; Orthopedics SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Orthopedics GA 945QR UT WOS:000230517700015 PM 16025037 ER PT J AU Teyhen, DS Flynn, TW Bovik, AC Abraham, LD AF Teyhen, DS Flynn, TW Bovik, AC Abraham, LD TI A new technique for digital fluoroscopic video assessment of sagittal plane lumbar spine motion SO SPINE LA English DT Article DE biomechanics; kinematics; fluoroscopy; lumbar spine ID PRECISION-MEASUREMENT PROTOCOL; FLEXION-EXTENSION; SEGMENTAL MOTION; LUMBOSACRAL SPINE; VIDEOFLUOROSCOPIC TECHNIQUE; ROENTGENOLOGIC ASSESSMENT; ASYMPTOMATIC INDIVIDUALS; INTERSEGMENTAL MOTION; DISK DEGENERATION; VERTEBRAL HEIGHT AB Study Design. Methodological reliability. Objective. Develop a measurement technique to assess dynamic motion of the lumbar spine using enhanced digital fluoroscopic video (DFV) and a distortion compensated roentgen analysis (DCRA). Summary of Background Data. Controversy over both the definition and consequences of lumbar segmental instability persists. Information from static imaging has had limited success in providing an understanding of this disorder. DFV has the potential to provide further information about lumbar segmental instability; however, the image quality is poor and clinical application is limited. Methods. DFV from 20 male subjects (11 with and nine without low back pain) were obtained during eccentric lumbar flexion (30 Hz). Each DFVs was enhanced with a series of filters to accentuate the vertebral edges. An adapted DCRA algorithm was applied to determine segmental angular and linear displacement. Both intraimage and interimage reliability were assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and standard error of the measurement (SEM). Results. Intraimage reliability yielded an average ICC of 0.986, and the SEM ranged from 0.4-0.7% and 0.2-0.3 mm. Interimage reliability yielded an average ICC of 0.878, and the SEM ranged from 0.7-1.4 degrees and 0.4-0.7 mm. Conclusions. Enhanced DFV combined with a DCRA resulted in reliable assessment of lumbar spine kinematics. The error values associated with this technique were low and were comparable to published error measurements obtained when using a similar algorithm on hand-drawn outlines from static radiographs. C1 Baylor Univ, USA, Doctoral Program Phys Therapy, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Univ Texas, Dept Kinesiol & Hlth Educ, Movement Sci Program, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Univ Texas, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Lab Image & Video Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed, Spine Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Regis Univ, Dept Phys Therapy, Denver, CO USA. RP Teyhen, DS (reprint author), Baylor Univ, USA, Doctoral Program Phys Therapy, 3151 Scott Rd,Room 1303, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM dteyhen@satx.rr.com NR 62 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0362-2436 J9 SPINE JI SPINE PD JUL 15 PY 2005 VL 30 IS 14 BP E406 EP E413 DI 10.1097/01.brs.0000170589.47555.c6 PG 8 WC Clinical Neurology; Orthopedics SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Orthopedics GA 945QR UT WOS:000230517700025 PM 16025017 ER PT J AU Bojang, KA Olodude, F Pinder, M Ofori-Anyinam, O Vigneron, L Fitzpatrick, S Njie, F Kassanga, A Leach, A Milman, J Rabinovich, R McAdam, KPWJ Kester, KE Heppner, DG Cohen, JD Tornieporth, N Milligan, PJM AF Bojang, KA Olodude, F Pinder, M Ofori-Anyinam, O Vigneron, L Fitzpatrick, S Njie, F Kassanga, A Leach, A Milman, J Rabinovich, R McAdam, KPWJ Kester, KE Heppner, DG Cohen, JD Tornieporth, N Milligan, PJM TI Safety and immunogenicty of RTS,S/AS02A candidate malaria vaccine in Gambian children SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE RTS,S/AS02A; Phase I paediatric vaccine trials ID CIRCUMSPOROZOITE PROTEIN VACCINE; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM INFECTION; WEST-AFRICA; EFFICACY; TRIAL; INFANTS; SPF66 AB RTS,S/AS02A is a pre-erythrocytic malaria vaccine candidate in which a portion of the circumsporozoite surface protein (CSP) of Plasmodium falciparum is genetically linked to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) coexpressed in yeast with unfused HBsAg. The resulting particulate antigen is formulated with the adjuvant system AS02A. We have initiated the paediatric clinical development of this vaccine by conducting two sequential Phase I studies in children: a study in older children (6-11 years), followed by a second study in younger children (1-5 years). In each study, a double-blind, randomised controlled, staggered, dose-escalation design was used to evaluate 10 mu g RTS,S dose (10 mu g RTS,S in 0.1 mL AS02A), 25 mu g dose (25 mu g RTS,S in 0.25 mL AS02A) and finally a 50 mu g dose (50 mu g RTS,S in 0.5 mL AS02A) of the RTS,S/AS02A candidate malaria vaccine administered according to a 0-, 1- and 3-month vaccination schedule. Safety and reactogenicity were evaluated before moving to a higher dose level. The RTS,S/AS02A vaccine was safe at all dose levels, in both age groups. No serious adverse events related to vaccination were reported. The frequency of local Grade 3 symptoms was low but tended to increase with increasing dose level. Grade 3 general adverse events in the RTS,S/AS02A groups were infrequent and of short duration. The majority of local and general Grade 3 symptoms resolved or decreased in intensity within 48 h. The pattern and intensity of reactogenicity seen in these studies are similar to those of previous studies with RTS,S/AS02A. All doses were highly immunogenic for anti-CSP and anti-HBsAg antibodies. The pooled anti-CSP antibody data from the two studies showed that the 25 mu g dose and 50 mu g dose anti-CSP antibody response were similar at both dose levels. However, the immunogenicity of the 10 mu g dose anti-CSP response was significantly lower than that of either the 50 mu g or 25 mu g dose. The 25 mu g dose was selected for future studies of RTS,S/AS02A in paediatric populations. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 MRC Labs, Banjul, Gambia. GlaxoSmithKline Biol, Rixensart, Belgium. PATH, Malaria Vaccine Initiat, Rockville, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Bojang, KA (reprint author), MRC Labs, POB 273, Banjul, Gambia. EM kbojang@mrc.gm RI Kester, Kent/A-2114-2011; Milligan, Paul/D-8985-2017 OI Kester, Kent/0000-0002-5056-0802; Milligan, Paul/0000-0003-3430-3395 NR 14 TC 71 Z9 73 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUL 14 PY 2005 VL 23 IS 32 BP 4148 EP 4157 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2005.03.019 PG 10 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 943EB UT WOS:000230334000008 PM 15964483 ER EF