FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Johnston, MH Eastone, JA Frizzel, E Horwhat, JD AF Johnston, MH Eastone, JA Frizzel, E Horwhat, JD TI Cryoablation of Barrett's esophagus(BE): The ideal ablative therapy? A pilot study SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 69th Annual Scientific Meeting of the American-College-of-Gastroentrology CY OCT 29-NOV 03, 2004 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Coll Gastroentrol C1 USN, Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20084 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 99 IS 10 SU S MA 882 BP S288 EP S289 PG 2 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 862GW UT WOS:000224479700875 ER PT J AU Jones, JA Fincher, RK Liveringhouse, JD Myers, J McNear, ST Farrington, CA AF Jones, JA Fincher, RK Liveringhouse, JD Myers, J McNear, ST Farrington, CA TI The efficacy of thinner, longer endoscope for low risk colon cancer screening SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 69th Annual Scientific Meeting of the American-College-of-Gastroentrology CY OCT 29-NOV 03, 2004 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Coll Gastroentrol C1 Dwight D Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Ft Gordon, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 99 IS 10 SU S MA 1007 BP S331 EP S332 PG 2 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 862GW UT WOS:000224479701001 ER PT J AU Kim, RK Parker, A AF Kim, RK Parker, A TI Hepatocellular carcinoma in a caucasian male without risk factors SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 69th Annual Scientific Meeting of the American-College-of-Gastroentrology CY OCT 29-NOV 03, 2004 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Coll Gastroentrol C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 99 IS 10 SU S MA 387 BP S125 EP S125 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 862GW UT WOS:000224479700382 ER PT J AU Koff, JM Cash, BD Holtzmuller, KC Bohen, EM Agodoa, LY Abbott, KC AF Koff, JM Cash, BD Holtzmuller, KC Bohen, EM Agodoa, LY Abbott, KC TI Increased risk of colorectal carcinoma in US dialysis patients SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 69th Annual Scientific Meeting of the American-College-of-Gastroentrology CY OCT 29-NOV 03, 2004 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Coll Gastroentrol C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Bethesda, MD USA. NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 99 IS 10 SU S MA 976 BP S321 EP S321 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 862GW UT WOS:000224479700970 ER PT J AU Palekar, NA Harrison, SA Larson, S AF Palekar, NA Harrison, SA Larson, S TI Biochemical markers of lipid peroxidation and fibrosis in patients with simple steatosis as compared to patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 69th Annual Scientific Meeting of the American-College-of-Gastroentrology CY OCT 29-NOV 03, 2004 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Coll Gastroentrol C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 99 IS 10 SU S MA 279 BP S90 EP S91 PG 2 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 862GW UT WOS:000224479700276 ER PT J AU Piesman, M Duncan, M Hwang, I Moses, F Allen, TW AF Piesman, M Duncan, M Hwang, I Moses, F Allen, TW TI Duodenal divetrriculum presenting as a hypermetabolic mass on F18-FDG PET/CT SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 69th Annual Scientific Meeting of the American-College-of-Gastroentrology CY OCT 29-NOV 03, 2004 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Coll Gastroentrol C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 99 IS 10 SU S MA 571 BP S185 EP S185 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 862GW UT WOS:000224479700566 ER PT J AU Piesman, M Duncan, M Belle, L Maydonovitch, C Hwang, I Wong, RKH AF Piesman, M Duncan, M Belle, L Maydonovitch, C Hwang, I Wong, RKH TI Differences between patients with chronic cough and heartburn referred for gastroesophageal reflux and manometry testing SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 69th Annual Scientific Meeting of the American-College-of-Gastroentrology CY OCT 29-NOV 03, 2004 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Coll Gastroentrol C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 99 IS 10 SU S MA 67 BP S23 EP S23 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 862GW UT WOS:000224479700068 ER PT J AU Veerappan, GR Hobbs, CM Mulhall, BP AF Veerappan, GR Hobbs, CM Mulhall, BP TI Clinical and histologic improvement of enteropathy associated with common variable immunodeficiency with budesonide therapy SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 69th Annual Scientific Meeting of the American-College-of-Gastroentrology CY OCT 29-NOV 03, 2004 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Coll Gastroentrol C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Associated Pathol PLC, Nashville, TN USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 99 IS 10 SU S MA 445 BP S144 EP S144 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 862GW UT WOS:000224479700440 ER PT J AU Williams, JA Franklin, K Watkins, K AF Williams, JA Franklin, K Watkins, K TI Treatment of an ileocutaneous fistula by placement of an endoluminal stent SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 69th Annual Scientific Meeting of the American-College-of-Gastroentrology CY OCT 29-NOV 03, 2004 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Coll Gastroentrol C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 99 IS 10 SU S MA 921 BP S301 EP S302 PG 2 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 862GW UT WOS:000224479700915 ER PT J AU Womeldorph, CM Mulhall, BP AF Womeldorph, CM Mulhall, BP TI The usage and significance of fecal occult blood testing after normal colonoscopy SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 69th Annual Scientific Meeting of the American-College-of-Gastroentrology CY OCT 29-NOV 03, 2004 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Coll Gastroentrol C1 Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Bethesda, MD 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 99 IS 10 SU S MA 986 BP S324 EP S324 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 862GW UT WOS:000224479700980 ER PT J AU Regules, JA Dooley, DP Hepburn, MJ Van De Car, DA Davis, KA McAllister, KC Hospenthal, DR Murray, CK Fofaria, R Ekstrand, JR Crouch, HK AF Regules, JA Dooley, DP Hepburn, MJ Van De Car, DA Davis, KA McAllister, KC Hospenthal, DR Murray, CK Fofaria, R Ekstrand, JR Crouch, HK TI The effect of semipermeable dressings on smallpox vaccine site evolution SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL LA English DT Article ID VIRUS; TRANSMISSION AB Background: Many hospital systems in the United States are contemplating the implementation of a smallpox vaccination program. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and other organizations recommend use of occlusive dressings over the vaccination site of health care workers in contact with patients. Minimal data are available on the impact of an occlusive dressing on the evolution of the vaccinia inoculation site. Methods: We conducted a prospective observational study in which subjects were instructed to cover their vaccination site with either a semipermeable dressing over gauze or gauze alone. We recorded the duration of semipermeable dressing use and parameters pertaining to vaccination site evolution, to include time until scab separation. Results: The increased use of a semipermeable dressing is associated with increased time until scab separation (n = 41, r = .48, P = .001 by regression analysis). This analysis predicts a 9-day difference in time until scab separation between patients that wore semipermeable dressings 100% of the time versus not at all. No significant correlation was observed between semipermeable dressing use and size of maximum erythema, time until maximum erythema, size of erythema on day 6 or 8, nor time until pustule formation. Conclusion: Semipermeable dressing use appears to prolong the time until scab separation and possibly the duration of infectivity and risk of secondary transmission. Health care organizations may wish to consider this information when instituting a smallpox vaccination program. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, MCHE MD, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Infect Control Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Regules, JA (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, MCHE MD, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0196-6553 J9 AM J INFECT CONTROL JI Am. J. Infect. Control PD OCT PY 2004 VL 32 IS 6 BP 333 EP 336 DI 10.1016/j.ajic.2004.03.007 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 860OL UT WOS:000224352800003 PM 15454889 ER PT J AU Easty, DM Adams, BD Stuffel, E Hartman, I AF Easty, DM Adams, BD Stuffel, E Hartman, I TI Decreasing the time to defibrillation: A crossover comparative of study Quik-Combo and Padpro defibrillator electrodes SO ANNALS OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Research Forum of the American-College-of-Emergency-Physicians CY OCT, 2004 CL San Francisco, CA SP Amer Coll Emergency Physicians C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0196-0644 J9 ANN EMERG MED JI Ann. Emerg. Med. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 44 IS 4 SU S MA 214 BP S66 EP S66 DI 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2004.07.217 PG 1 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 859WZ UT WOS:000224300300218 ER PT J AU Murray, CK Hospenthal, DR AF Murray, CK Hospenthal, DR TI Determination of susceptibilities of 26 Leptospira sp serovars to 24 antimicrobial agents by a broth microdilution technique SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID INTERROGANS SEROGROUP ICTEROHAEMORRHAGIAE; IN-VITRO; PENICILLIN; HAMSTERS; THERAPY AB The MICs of 24 antimicrobials for 26 Leptospira spp. serovars were determined using a broth microdilution technique. The MICs at which 90% of isolates tested were inhibited (MIC(90)s) of cefepime, imipenem-cilastatin, erythromycin, clarithromycin, and telithromycin were all less than or equal to0.01 mug/ml. The MIC(90)s of amoxicillin, aztreonam, cefdinir, chloramphenicol, and penicillin G were greater than or equal to3.13 mug/ml. Many antimicrobials have excellent in vitro activity against Leptospira. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Infect Dis Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Hospenthal, DR (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Infect Dis Serv, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM Duane.Hospenthal@amedd.army.mil NR 16 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 48 IS 10 BP 4002 EP 4005 DI 10.1128/AAC.48.10.4002-4005.2004 PG 4 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 858UH UT WOS:000224217000051 PM 15388465 ER PT J AU Ulrich, RL AF Ulrich, RL TI Quorum quenching: Enzymatic disruption of N-acylhomoserine lactone-mediated bacterial communication in Burkholderia thailandensis SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA PAO1; GENE-EXPRESSION; CELL COMMUNICATION; SWARMING MOTILITY; SENSING SIGNALS; GROWTH; IDENTIFICATION; PSEUDOMALLEI; CEPACIA; MOLECULES AB Many species of gram-negative bacteria communicate by synthesizing, secreting, and responding to N-acylhomoserine lactones (AHLs), a mechanism termed quorum sensing. Several investigations have characterized numerous AHL-degrading enzymes (AiiA lactonases) encoded by environmental isolates of Bacillus spp. The Burkholderia thailandensis quorum system is comprised of at least three AHL synthases (AHSs) and five transcriptional regulators belonging to the LuxIR class of proteins. Expression of the Bacillus anthracis (Ames strain) AiiA lactonase in B. thailandensis completely abolished the accumulation of N-decanoylhomoserine lactone (C-10-HSL) and N-octanoylhomoserine lactone (C-8-HSL), reduced N-hexanoylhomoserine lactone (C-6-HSL) levels, altered both swarming and twitching motility, caused a significant increase in generation time, and affected carbon metabolism. In contrast, heterologous expression of the Bacillus cereus strain A24 AiiA lactonase in B. thailandensis reduced the concentrations of C-6-HSL, C-8-HSL, and C-10-HSL to nondetectable levels; altered both swarming and twitching motility; and caused fluctuations in carbon utilization. Individual disruption of the B. thailandensis AHSs, specifically disruption of the btaI1 and btaI3 genes, which encode the proteins that direct the synthesis of C-8-HSL and C-6-HSL, respectively, caused the hyper-beta-hemolysis of sheep erythrocytes on blood agar plates. In contrast, AHL cleavage in B. thailandensis by the Bacillus AiiA lactonases failed to enhance beta-hemolytic activity. The results of this study demonstrate that heterologous expression of Bacillus sp. AiiA lactonases in B. thailandensis reduced AHL accumulation, affected both swarming and twitching motility, increased generation time, altered substrate utilization, and prevented the beta-hemolysis of sheep erythrocytes. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Ulrich, RL (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM Ricky.Ulrich@AMEDD.ARMY.MIL NR 41 TC 49 Z9 58 U1 3 U2 14 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 10 BP 6173 EP 6180 DI 10.1128/AEM.70.10.6173-6180.2004 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 860PT UT WOS:000224356200059 PM 15466564 ER PT J AU Van De Merwe, WP Czege, J Milham, ME Bronk, BV AF Van De Merwe, WP Czege, J Milham, ME Bronk, BV TI Rapid optically based measurements of diameter and length for spherical or rod-shaped bacteria in vivo SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID POLARIZED-LIGHT SCATTERING; SIZE AB The application in light scattering of the Mueller matrix ratio / for determining average particle size is extended to a large size parameter range for spherical or randomly oriented rod-shaped particles such as micro-organisms. It is shown that combining the graph of this ratio with a Coulter counter measurement of particle volume gives results in agreement with microscopic measurements. Thus this combination provides a method to measure particle diameter and width simultaneously in real time for elongated particles such as bacteria, which are measured in vivo with this method. An approximate empirical formula is developed to estimate the motion of the extrema in the graph of the oscillating matrix ratio as size changes occur. This formula is also shown to be consistent with wavelength changes. (C) 2004 Optical Society of America. C1 Indiana Wesleyan Univ, Dept Phys, Marion, IN 46953 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Biomed Instrumentat Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Detect Sci Consulting, Baldwin, MD 21013 USA. USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Van De Merwe, WP (reprint author), Indiana Wesleyan Univ, Dept Phys, Marion, IN 46953 USA. EM bvbronk@apgea.army.mil NR 11 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD OCT 1 PY 2004 VL 43 IS 28 BP 5295 EP 5302 DI 10.1364/AO.43.005295 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA 860PN UT WOS:000224355600003 PM 15495419 ER PT J AU O'Shea, P Akturk, S Kimmel, M Trebino, R AF O'Shea, P Akturk, S Kimmel, M Trebino, R TI Practical issues in ultra-short-pulse measurements with 'GRENOUILLE' SO APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS LA English DT Article AB We examine the characteristics and limitations of GRENOUILLE, a simple and compact implementation of the second-harmonic-generation (SHG) frequency-resolved-optical-gating (FROG) technique. We show that it can be made to operate effectively over a relatively wide range of pulse lengths and wavelengths. We also describe procedures for its design and calibration, and we discuss the use of arbitrary non-linear SHG crystals. C1 Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP O'Shea, P (reprint author), USA, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. EM poshea@nvl.army.mil RI Akturk, Selcuk/C-1291-2009 NR 8 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 14 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0946-2171 J9 APPL PHYS B-LASERS O JI Appl. Phys. B-Lasers Opt. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 79 IS 6 BP 683 EP 691 DI 10.1007/s00340-004-1644-x PG 9 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA 868LQ UT WOS:000224915500005 ER PT J AU Johnson, MS Paulus, HI Salice, CJ Checkai, RT Simini, M AF Johnson, MS Paulus, HI Salice, CJ Checkai, RT Simini, M TI Toxicologic and histopathologic response of the terrestrial salamander Plethodon cinereus to soil exposures of 1,3,5-trinitrohexahydro-1,3,5-triazine SO ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SANDY LOAM SOIL; AMBYSTOMA-TIGRINUM; EISENIA-FOETIDA; TOXIC-CHEMICALS; 2,4,6-TRINITROTOLUENE; RDX; CYCLOTRIMETHYLENETRINITRAMINE; MELANOMACROPHAGES; EXPLOSIVES; LIVER AB Red-backed salamanders (Plethodon cinereus) were exposed to four different concentrations of 1,3,5-trinitrohexahydro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) in soil under controlled laboratory conditions for 28 days. Wild-caught P. cinereus (N = 20/treatment) were exposed to target concentrations of 5,000, 1000, 100, 10, and 0 mg RDX/kg soil (dry wt) using a microcosm design. Animals were fed 5 to 10 uncontaminated mutant Drosophila flies every 3 days and monitored daily. Animals were weighed 1 day before being placed in treatment and weekly thereafter. RDX concentrations in soil were analytically determined after the compound was added and mixed at the beginning, the midpoint, and the end of exposure. RDX soil concentrations were relatively stable throughout the exposure period. Signs of overt toxicity were observed primarily in the highest exposure group. Salamanders exposed to 5,000 mg RDX/kg soil exhibited signs of neuromuscular effects (lethargy, gaping, hypersensitivity, tremors) and exhibited significant weight loss. A single moribund animal from this group lost >20% of its original body weight and was killed. Animals in this exposure group also lost weight relative to animals in other treatments. Histopathologic evaluations, including an evaluation of melanomacrophage parameters, indicated no strong treatment-related findings. This study provided information regarding the effects from subchronic dermal exposure of a terrestrial amphibian species to RDX in soil and provides a microcosm approach to the evaluation of toxicity of contaminants in soil to a terrestrial vertebrate. C1 USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Toxicol Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Johnson, MS (reprint author), USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Toxicol Directorate, 5158 Blackhawk Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM mark.johnson@amedd.army.mil NR 40 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0090-4341 J9 ARCH ENVIRON CON TOX JI Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 47 IS 4 BP 496 EP 501 DI 10.1007/s00244-004-3242-7 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 866DK UT WOS:000224753800009 PM 15499500 ER PT J AU Subudhi, AW Jacobs, KA Hagobian, TA Fattor, JA Fulco, CS Muza, SR Rock, PB Hoffman, AR Cymerman, A Friedlander, AL AF Subudhi, AW Jacobs, KA Hagobian, TA Fattor, JA Fulco, CS Muza, SR Rock, PB Hoffman, AR Cymerman, A Friedlander, AL TI Antioxidant supplementation does not attenuate oxidative stress at high altitude SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE hypoxia; free radical; lipid peroxidation; DNA damage; glutathione ID ACUTE MOUNTAIN-SICKNESS; MODERATE-ALTITUDE; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; DNA-DAMAGE; EXERCISE; HUMANS; HYPOXIA; BLOOD AB Introduction: Hypobaric hypoxia and heightened metabolic rate increase free radical production. Purpose: We tested the hypothesis that antioxidant supplementation would reduce oxidative stress associated with increased energy expenditure (negative energy balance) at high altitude (HA 4300 m). Methods: For 12 d at sea level (SL), 18 active men were fed a weight-stabilizing diet. Testing included fasting blood and 24-h urine samples to assess antioxidant status [plasma alpha-tocopherol, beta-carotene, lipid hydroperoxides (LPO), and urinary 8-hydroxydeox-yguanosine (8-OHdG)] and a prolonged submaximal (55% VO(2)peak) oxidative stress index test (OSI) to evaluate exercise-induced oxidative stress (plasma LPO, whole blood reduced and oxidized glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, and urinary 8-OHdG). Subjects were then matched and randomly assigned to either a placebo or antioxidant supplement group for a double-blinded trial. Supplementation (20,000 IU of beta-carotene, 400 IU alpha-tocopherol acetate, 500 mg ascorbic acid, 100 mug selenium, and 30 mg zinc, or placebo) was begun 3 wk prior to and throughout a 14-d HA intervention. At HA, subjects' daily energy intake and expenditure were adjusted to achieve a caloric deficit of approximately 1400 kcal. Fasting blood and 24-h urine samples were collected throughout HA and the OSI test was repeated on HA day 1 and day 13. Results: Resting LPO concentrations increased and urinary 8-OHdG concentrations decreased over HA with no effect of supplementation. Prolonged submaximal exercise was not associated with increased concentrations of oxidative stress markers at SL or HA. Conclusions: Antioxidant supplementation did not significantly affect markers of oxidative stress associated with increased energy expenditure at HA. C1 VA Palo Alto Hlth Care Syst, GRECC, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. Orthoped Specialty Hosp, Salt Lake City, UT USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Oklahoma State Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Tulsa, OK USA. RP Friedlander, AL (reprint author), VA Palo Alto Hlth Care Syst, GRECC, 182B,Bldg MB2B,3801 Miranda Ave, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. EM friedlan@stanford.edu NR 25 TC 28 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 8 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 881 EP 888 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 858HE UT WOS:000224182100008 PM 15497369 ER PT J AU Yeung, DT Josse, D Nicholson, JD Khanal, A McAndrew, CW Bahnson, BJ Lenz, DE Cerasoli, DM AF Yeung, DT Josse, D Nicholson, JD Khanal, A McAndrew, CW Bahnson, BJ Lenz, DE Cerasoli, DM TI Structure/function analyses of human serum paraoxonase (HuPON1) mutants designed from a DFPase-like homology model SO BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS LA English DT Article DE arylesterase; paraoxonase; HuPON1; beta-propeller; paraoxon; organophosphatase ID ANHYDRIDE HYDROLASE ACTIVITY; HUMAN BUTYRYLCHOLINESTERASE; ORGANOPHOSPHORUS COMPOUNDS; LOLIGO-VULGARIS; PON1; PROTECTION; RABBIT; ARYLESTERASE; EXPRESSION; HYDROLYSIS AB Human serum paraoxonase (HuPON1) is a calcium-dependent enzyme that hydrolyzes esters, including organophosphates and lactones, and exhibits anti-atherogenic properties. A few amino acids have been shown to be essential for the enzyme's arylesterase and organophosphatase activities. Until very recently, a three-dimensional model was not available for HuPON1, so functional roles have not been assigned to those residues. Based on sequence-structure alignment studies, we have folded the amino acid sequence of HuPON1 onto the sixfold beta-propeller structure of squid diisopropylfluorophosphatase (DFPase). We tested the validity of this homology model by circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy and site-directed mutagenesis. Consistent with predictions from the homology model, CD data indicated that the structural composition of purified HuPON1 consists mainly of beta-sheets. Mutants of HuPON1 were assayed for enzymatic activity against phenyl acetate and paraoxon. Substitution of residues predicted to be important for substrate binding (L69, H 134, F222, and C284), calcium ion coordination (D54, N168, N224, and D269), and catalytic mechanism of HuPON1 (H285) led to enzyme inactivation. Mutants F222Y and H115W exhibited substrate-binding selectivity towards phenyl acetate and paraoxon, respectively. The homology model presented here is very similar to the recently obtained PON1 crystal structure, and has allowed identification of several residues within the enzyme active site. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Div Pharmacol, Biochem Pharmacol Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Serv Sante Armees, Ctr Rech, Dept Toxicol, F-38702 La Tronche, France. Univ Delaware, Dept Chem & Biochem, Newark, DE 19716 USA. RP Cerasoli, DM (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Div Pharmacol, Biochem Pharmacol Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM douglas.cerasoli@us.army.mil OI /0000-0001-5692-0170 FU NCRR NIH HHS [5P20RR015588] NR 46 TC 49 Z9 52 U1 2 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1570-9639 J9 BBA-PROTEINS PROTEOM JI BBA-Proteins Proteomics PD OCT 1 PY 2004 VL 1702 IS 1 BP 67 EP 77 DI 10.1016/j.bbapap.2004.08.002 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 859VE UT WOS:000224295200007 PM 15450851 ER PT J AU Carlacci, L Millard, CB Olson, MA AF Carlacci, L Millard, CB Olson, MA TI Conformational energy landscape of the acyl pocket loop in acetylcholinesterase: a Monte Carlo-generalized Born model study SO BIOPHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE structural reorganization; free-energy calculation; electrostatics; hydration; implicit solvent model; entropy ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; HARMONIC-ANALYSIS; SOLVATION MODEL; LARGE SYSTEMS; PHOSPHORYLATION CONSTANTS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; REACTION-PRODUCTS; CONTINUUM MODEL; ACTIVE-CENTER; BURIED WATER AB The X-ray crystal structure of the reaction product of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) with the inhibitor diisopropylphosphorofluoridate (DFP) showed significant structural displacement in a loop segment of residues 287-290. To understand this conformational selection, a Monte Carlo (MC) simulation study was performed of the energy landscape for the loop segment. A computational strategy was applied by using a combined simulated annealing and room temperature Metropolis sampling approach with solvent polarization modeled by a generalized Born (GB) approximation. Results from thermal annealing reveal a landscape topology of broader basin opening and greater distribution of energies for the displaced loop conformation, while the ensemble average of conformations at 298 K favored a shift in populations toward the native by a free-energy difference in good agreement with the estimated experimental value. Residue motions along a reaction profile of loop conformational reorganization are proposed where Arg-289 is critical in determining electrostatic effects of solvent interaction versus Coulombic charging. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Biochem & Cell Biol, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. Network Comp Serv Inc, USA, High Performance Comp Res Ctr, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Olson, MA (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Biochem & Cell Biol, 1425 Porter St, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. EM molson@ncifcrf.gov NR 43 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0301-4622 J9 BIOPHYS CHEM JI Biophys. Chem. PD OCT 1 PY 2004 VL 111 IS 2 BP 143 EP 157 DI 10.1016/j.bpc.2004.05.007 PG 15 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Chemistry, Physical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Chemistry GA 862AV UT WOS:000224462800006 PM 15381312 ER PT J AU Moran, MS Peters-Lidard, CD Watts, JM McElroy, S AF Moran, MS Peters-Lidard, CD Watts, JM McElroy, S TI Estimating soil moisture at the watershed scale with satellite-based radar and land surface models SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Review ID HYDROLOGIC DATA ASSIMILATION; VARIATIONAL DATA ASSIMILATION; ENERGY BALANCE COMPONENTS; SPATIALLY-VARIABLE WATER; INTEGRAL-EQUATION MODEL; SIMPLE BIOSPHERE MODEL; NEAR-SURFACE; PARAMETERIZATION SCHEMES; SAR DATA; NORMALIZED DIFFERENCE AB Spatially distributed soil moisture profiles are required for watershed applications such as drought and flood prediction, crop irrigation scheduling, pest management, and determining mobility with lightweight vehicles. Satellite-based soil moisture can be obtained from passive microwave, active microwave, and optical sensors, although the coarse spatial resolution of passive microwave and the inability to obtain vertically resolved information from optical sensors limit their usefulness for watershed-scale applications. Active microwave sensors such as synthetic aperture radar (SAR) currently represent the best approach for obtaining spatially distributed surface soil moisture at scales of 10-100 in for watersheds ranging from 1 000 to 25 000 km(2). Although SAR provides surface soil moisture, the applications listed above require vertically resolved soil moisture profiles. To obtain distributed soil moisture profiles, a combined approach of calibration and data assimilation in soil vegetation atmosphere transfer (SVAT) models based on recent advances in soil physics is the most promising avenue of research. This review summarizes the state of the science using current satellite-based sensors to determine watershed-scale surface soil moisture distribution and the state of combining SVAT models with data assimilation and calibration approaches for the estimation of profile soil moisture. The basic conclusion of this review is that currently orbiting SAR sensors combined with available SVAT models could provide distributed profile soil moisture information with known accuracy at the watershed scale. The priority areas for future research should include image-based approaches for mapping surface roughness, determination of soil moisture in densely vegetated sites, active and passive microwave data fusion, and joint calibration and data assimilation approaches for a combined remote sensing - modeling system. For validation, a worldwide in situ soil moisture monitoring program should be implemented. Finally, to realize the full potential of satellite-based soil moisture estimation for watershed applications, it will be necessary to continue sensor development, improve image availability and timely delivery, and reduce image cost. C1 USDA, ARS, SW Watershed Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Hydrol Sci Branch, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. US Army Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Topog Engn Ctr, Alexandria, VA 22315 USA. RP Moran, MS (reprint author), USDA, ARS, SW Watershed Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. EM smoran@tucson.ars.ag.gov RI Peters-Lidard, Christa/E-1429-2012 OI Peters-Lidard, Christa/0000-0003-1255-2876 NR 179 TC 130 Z9 134 U1 6 U2 55 PU CANADIAN AERONAUTICS & SPACE INST PI KANATA PA 350 TERRY FOX DR, STE 104, KANATA, ON K2K 2W5, CANADA SN 0703-8992 EI 1712-7971 J9 CAN J REMOTE SENS JI Can. J. Remote Sens. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 30 IS 5 BP 805 EP 826 PG 22 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA 876EW UT WOS:000225480100014 ER PT J AU Xu, K AF Xu, K TI Nonaqueous liquid electrolytes for lithium-based rechargeable batteries SO CHEMICAL REVIEWS LA English DT Review ID LI-ION BATTERIES; LOW-TEMPERATURE PERFORMANCE; CARBONATE-BASED ELECTROLYTES; HIGH-ENERGY DENSITY; ACCELERATING RATE CALORIMETRY; IONIZATION-MASS-SPECTROSCOPY; MIXED ORGANIC ELECTROLYTE; ELECTROCHEMICAL OVERCHARGE PROTECTION; DIFFERENTIAL SCANNING CALORIMETRY; GRAPHITE-INTERCALATION COMPOUNDS C1 USA, Res Lab, Electrochem Branch, Sensor & Electron Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP USA, Res Lab, Electrochem Branch, Sensor & Electron Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RI Xu, Kang/C-6054-2013 NR 557 TC 1927 Z9 1962 U1 185 U2 1424 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0009-2665 EI 1520-6890 J9 CHEM REV JI Chem. Rev. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 104 IS 10 BP 4303 EP 4417 DI 10.1021/cr030203g PG 115 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 863DB UT WOS:000224539700004 PM 15669157 ER PT J AU Mikita, JA Parker, JM AF Mikita, JA Parker, JM TI High levels of medical utilization by ambulatory patients with vocal cord dysfunction as compared to age and gender matched asthmatics SO CHEST LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT CHEST 2004 Conference CY OCT 23-28, 2004 CL Seattle, WA C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD OCT PY 2004 VL 126 IS 4 SU S BP 705S EP 705S PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 865VF UT WOS:000224731400003 ER PT J AU Frey, WC Emmons, EE AF Frey, WC Emmons, EE TI High dose lidocaine use in fiberoptic bronchoscopy SO CHEST LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT CHEST 2004 Conference CY OCT 23-28, 2004 CL Seattle, WA C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD OCT PY 2004 VL 126 IS 4 SU S BP 707S EP 707S PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 865VF UT WOS:000224731400011 ER PT J AU Shumway, NM Eliasson, AH Wilson, RL Howard, RS Shorr, AF Parker, JM AF Shumway, NM Eliasson, AH Wilson, RL Howard, RS Shorr, AF Parker, JM TI Prospective observation of air hunger in severely ill patients SO CHEST LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT CHEST 2004 Conference CY OCT 23-28, 2004 CL Seattle, WA C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD OCT PY 2004 VL 126 IS 4 SU S BP 715S EP 715S PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 865VF UT WOS:000224731400038 ER PT J AU Sherner, JH Shorr, AF Jackson, WL Kollef, MH AF Sherner, JH Shorr, AF Jackson, WL Kollef, MH TI Invasive diagnostic approaches to ventilator-associated pneumonia: A metaanalysis SO CHEST LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT CHEST 2004 Conference CY OCT 23-28, 2004 CL Seattle, WA C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD OCT PY 2004 VL 126 IS 4 SU S BP 716S EP 716S PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 865VF UT WOS:000224731400043 ER PT J AU Shorr, AF Tabak, Y Gupta, V Johannes, R Liu, LZ Kollef, MH AF Shorr, AF Tabak, Y Gupta, V Johannes, R Liu, LZ Kollef, MH TI The burden of methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus in ventilator-associated pneumonia SO CHEST LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT CHEST 2004 Conference CY OCT 23-28, 2004 CL Seattle, WA C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD OCT PY 2004 VL 126 IS 4 SU S BP 716S EP 717S PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 865VF UT WOS:000224731400044 ER PT J AU Wilson, RL Eliasson, AH Shumway, NM Howard, RS Shorr, AF Parker, JM AF Wilson, RL Eliasson, AH Shumway, NM Howard, RS Shorr, AF Parker, JM TI Treating air hunger at end-of-life SO CHEST LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT CHEST 2004 Conference CY OCT 23-28, 2004 CL Seattle, WA C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD OCT PY 2004 VL 126 IS 4 SU S BP 716S EP 716S PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 865VF UT WOS:000224731400041 ER PT J AU Shorr, AF Susla, GB Kollef, MH AF Shorr, AF Susla, GB Kollef, MH TI Quinolones for nosocomial pneumonia: A metaanalysis SO CHEST LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT CHEST 2004 Conference CY OCT 23-28, 2004 CL Seattle, WA C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD OCT PY 2004 VL 126 IS 4 SU S BP 717S EP 717S PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 865VF UT WOS:000224731400045 ER PT J AU Shorr, AF Davies, DB Helman, DL Lettieri, C Nathan, SD AF Shorr, AF Davies, DB Helman, DL Lettieri, C Nathan, SD TI Pulmonary hypertension in sarcoidosis: Identifying potential risk factors SO CHEST LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT CHEST 2004 Conference CY OCT 23-28, 2004 CL Seattle, WA C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD OCT PY 2004 VL 126 IS 4 SU S BP 742S EP 743S PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 865VF UT WOS:000224731400122 ER PT J AU Shorr, AF Kelly, KM Kollef, MH AF Shorr, AF Kelly, KM Kollef, MH TI Transfusion: A risk factor for nosocomial bacteremia in the intensive care unit SO CHEST LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT CHEST 2004 Conference CY OCT 23-28, 2004 CL Seattle, WA C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD OCT PY 2004 VL 126 IS 4 SU S BP 763S EP 763S PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 865VF UT WOS:000224731400189 ER PT J AU Frey, WC Gallo, D Conner, W Bell, D AF Frey, WC Gallo, D Conner, W Bell, D TI Clinical utilization of transbronchial needle aspiration biopsy(TBNA) of mediastinal lymph nodes SO CHEST LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT CHEST 2004 Conference CY OCT 23-28, 2004 CL Seattle, WA C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD OCT PY 2004 VL 126 IS 4 SU S BP 819S EP 820S PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 865VF UT WOS:000224731400363 ER PT J AU Shorr, AF Zadeikis, N Khashab, MM Tennenberg, AM AF Shorr, AF Zadeikis, N Khashab, MM Tennenberg, AM TI Levofloxacin 750mg daily for 5 days for community acquired pneumonia: Outcomes in the elderly SO CHEST LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT CHEST 2004 Conference CY OCT 23-28, 2004 CL Seattle, WA C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD OCT PY 2004 VL 126 IS 4 SU S BP 848S EP 849S PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 865VF UT WOS:000224731400453 ER PT J AU Ly, NT Cuneo, B Jackson, WL Wahab, N Gery, L Howard, R Whitman, K AF Ly, NT Cuneo, B Jackson, WL Wahab, N Gery, L Howard, R Whitman, K TI Do erytheopoietin and a blood transfusion guideline reduce the amount of packed red blood cells transfused in a major teaching hospital? SO CHEST LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT CHEST 2004 Conference CY OCT 23-28, 2004 CL Seattle, WA C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD OCT PY 2004 VL 126 IS 4 SU S BP 871S EP 872S PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 865VF UT WOS:000224731400517 ER PT J AU Lettieri, CJ Browning, RF Shorr, AF Ahmad, S Ahmad, S Nathan, SD AF Lettieri, CJ Browning, RF Shorr, AF Ahmad, S Ahmad, S Nathan, SD TI Distance-saturation product as a marker of disease progression and mortality in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis SO CHEST LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT CHEST 2004 Conference CY OCT 23-28, 2004 CL Seattle, WA C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD OCT PY 2004 VL 126 IS 4 SU S BP 888S EP 889S PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 865VF UT WOS:000224731400564 ER PT J AU Shorr, AF Shanks, GD Scoville, SL Cersovsky, SB Petruccelli, BP AF Shorr, AF Shanks, GD Scoville, SL Cersovsky, SB Petruccelli, BP TI Acute eosinophilic pneumonia in soldiers deployed as part of operations Iraqi freedom & enduring freedom SO CHEST LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT CHEST 2004 Conference CY OCT 23-28, 2004 CL Seattle, WA C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD OCT PY 2004 VL 126 IS 4 SU S BP 890S EP 890S PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 865VF UT WOS:000224731400569 ER PT J AU Chung, KK Bunt, C Pierce, FN Omron, EN Myers, J Gilbert, RC Christensen, R AF Chung, KK Bunt, C Pierce, FN Omron, EN Myers, J Gilbert, RC Christensen, R TI Necrotizing tracheobronchitis as a complication of high frequency oscillatory ventilation SO CHEST LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT CHEST 2004 Conference CY OCT 23-28, 2004 CL Seattle, WA C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD OCT PY 2004 VL 126 IS 4 SU S BP 924S EP 924S PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 865VF UT WOS:000224731400679 ER PT J AU Mulligan, CR Cox, ED Kuklo, TR Corcoran, PC AF Mulligan, CR Cox, ED Kuklo, TR Corcoran, PC TI Radical en bloc resection of a T4 non-small cell lung cancer invading the thoracic spine SO CHEST LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT CHEST 2004 Conference CY OCT 23-28, 2004 CL Seattle, WA C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD OCT PY 2004 VL 126 IS 4 SU S BP 961S EP 962S PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 865VF UT WOS:000224731400737 ER PT J AU Avedissian, LS Hnatiuk, OW Frenia, DS AF Avedissian, LS Hnatiuk, OW Frenia, DS TI Benign metastasizing leiomyoma - An unusual cause of diffuse pulmonary nodules SO CHEST LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT CHEST 2004 Conference CY OCT 23-28, 2004 CL Seattle, WA C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD OCT PY 2004 VL 126 IS 4 SU S BP 989S EP 990S PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 865VF UT WOS:000224731400783 ER PT J AU Shorr, AF Helman, DL Lettieri, CJ Montilla, JL Bridwell, RS AF Shorr, AF Helman, DL Lettieri, CJ Montilla, JL Bridwell, RS TI Depreotide scanning in sarcoidosis - A pilot study SO CHEST LA English DT Article DE depreotide; gallium; nuclear imaging; sarcoidosis; somatostatin; stage ID POSITRON-EMISSION-TOMOGRAPHY; SOLITARY PULMONARY NODULES; BRONCHOALVEOLAR LAVAGE; CONVERTING-ENZYME; GA-67 SCINTIGRAPHY; GALLIUM; PROGNOSIS; DISEASES; LUNG AB Study objectives: To determine whether sarcoidosis results in uptake on Tc-99m-labeled depreotide (DP) scintigraphy and to generate preliminary data to guide the development of future trials exploring this imaging modality in sarcoidosis patients. Design: Prospective cohort trial among a convenience sample of patients with sarcoidosis. Setting: Tertiary care medical center pulmonary clinic. Patients: Subjects in whom sarcoidosis has been diagnosed based on a biopsy revealing nonnecrotizing granulomas. Interventions: Two hours after IV administration of Tc-99m-DP, all patients underwent whole-body anterior and posterior planar imaging, followed by thoracic single-photon emission CT scanning. Images were interpreted by two nuclear medicine physicians who were blinded to the patient's clinical status. Measurements and results: The study cohort included 22 subjects (mean [+/-SD] age, 41.3 +/- 9.3 years; 40% female). Approximately half of the cohort had stage I disease determined by chest radiographs (CXRs). The results of Tc-99m-DP scintigraphy were positive for sarcoidosis in 18 individuals (81.8%; 95% confidence interval, 59.7 to 94.8%). Of the four persons lacking Tc-99m-DP uptake, all had normalized their CXRs since the time of presentation. In the entire sample, the intraclass correlation between radiographic stage determined by CXR vs that determined by Tc-99m-DP scintigraphy was robust (K = 0.79; p = 0.0005). Among patients with positive 99mTc-DP scan findings, the correlation was stronger (K = 0.94; p < 0.0001). Flow rates and lung volumes were lower in patients with parenchymal activity on 99mTc-DP scintigraphy (mean FEV1, 68.6 +/- 13.9% predicted vs 84.5 +/- 10.7% predicted, respectively [p = 0.012]; mean FVC, 74.0 +/- 16.0% predicted vs 88.4 +/- 12.7% predicted [p = 0.041]). 99mTc-DP scintigraphy correctly identified all sites of known nonpulmonary visceral involvement with sarcoidosis. Conclusions: The results of Tc-99m-DP imaging are often positive in sarcoidosis patients, and correlate with disease stage determined by CXR and pulmonary function. Tc-99m-DP scintigraphy does not preclude the need for biopsy if this is indicated to confirm the diagnosis of sarcoidosis or to exclude the possibility of malignancy. Tc-99m-DP scintigraphy merits further study in the evaluation and management of sarcoidosis. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Pulm & Crit Care Med Serv, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Nucl Med Serv, Dept Radiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Shorr, AF (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Pulm & Crit Care Med Serv, Dept Med, 6900 Georgia Ave,NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM afshorr@dnamail.com NR 29 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD OCT PY 2004 VL 126 IS 4 BP 1337 EP 1343 DI 10.1378/chest.126.4.1337 PG 7 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 864ZY UT WOS:000224673100052 PM 15486401 ER PT J AU Syed, S Takimoto, C Hidalgo, M Rizzo, J Kuhn, JG Hammond, LA Schwartz, G Tolcher, A Patnaik, A Eckhardt, SG Rowinsky, EK AF Syed, S Takimoto, C Hidalgo, M Rizzo, J Kuhn, JG Hammond, LA Schwartz, G Tolcher, A Patnaik, A Eckhardt, SG Rowinsky, EK TI A phase I and pharmacokinetic study of Col-3 (metastat), an oral tetracycline derivative with potent matrix metalloproteinase and antitumor properties SO CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID PROSTATE-CANCER; COLLAGENASE ACTIVITY; DOXYCYCLINE; INHIBITION; MECHANISM; INVASION; PROCOLLAGENASE; ACTIVATION; MODEL AB Purpose: The purpose of this research was to assess the feasibility of administering Col-3, an oral chemically modified tetracycline derivative with potent inhibitory effects on matrix metalloproteinase activity and production, and recommend a dose on an uninterrupted once-daily schedule. The study also sought to characterize the pharmacokinetic behavior of Col-3 and seek evidence of anticancer activity. Experimental Design: Patients with advanced solid malignancies were treated with escalating doses of Col-3 with dose level assignment according to an accelerated titration scheme. Because photosensitivity skin reactions were being reported in concurrent trials of Col-3, patients were instructed to apply sunscreen rigorously throughout the trial. The maximum tolerated dose was defined as the highest dose at which <2 of the first 6 new patients experienced dose-limiting toxicity. The pharmacokinetic behavior of Col-3 was characterized, and pharmacodynamic relationships were sought. Results: Thirty-three patients were treated with 73 courses of Col-3 at four dose levels ranging from 36 to 98 mg/m(2)/day. Unacceptably high incidences of photosensitivity skin reactions and malaise were noted in the first 28-day courses of patients treated with Col-3 at doses exceeding 50 mg/m(2)/day. At 50 mg/m(2)/day, severe toxicity occurred in 2 of 12 new patients in first courses, and no additional dose-limiting toxicities were observed in subsequent courses. Other mild to modest adverse effects included nausea, vomiting, liver function tests abnormalities, diarrhea, mucositis, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia. The pharmacokinetics of Col-3 were dose proportional, and mean trough concentrations at steady state were similar to biologically relevant concentrations in preclinical studies. Major responses did not occur, but durable disease stability was noted in 3 patients, one each with carcinosarcoma of the uterus, pancreas, and ovary, all of whom had experienced disease progression before Col-3 treatment. Conclusions: The recommended dose for Phase II studies of Col-3 administered once daily on an uninterrupted schedule is 50 mg/m(2)/day accompanied by efforts that promote adherence to the use of sunscreen and other photoprotective measures. Pharmacokinetic results indicate that plasma concentrations above biologically relevant concentrations are readily maintained at this dose, and additional disease-directed studies, particularly in patients with soft tissue sarcoma, should be considered. C1 Inst Drug Dev, Canc Therapy & Res Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Rowinsky, EK (reprint author), Inst Drug Dev, Canc Therapy & Res Ctr, 7979 Wurzbach Rd,4th Floor,Zeller Bldg, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. EM erowinsk@idd.org RI HIDALGO, MANUEL/I-4995-2015 OI HIDALGO, MANUEL/0000-0002-3765-3318 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA54174, CA69853]; NCRR NIH HHS [M01 RR01346] NR 27 TC 46 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 1078-0432 J9 CLIN CANCER RES JI Clin. Cancer Res. PD OCT 1 PY 2004 VL 10 IS 19 BP 6512 EP 6521 DI 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-04-0804 PG 10 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 862WF UT WOS:000224521300013 PM 15475438 ER PT J AU Ellis, MW Hospenthal, DR Dooley, DP Gray, PJ Murray, CK AF Ellis, MW Hospenthal, DR Dooley, DP Gray, PJ Murray, CK TI Natural history of community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonization and infection in soldiers SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID PANTON-VALENTINE LEUKOCIDIN; FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; NASAL CARRIAGE; RISK-FACTORS; SKIN INFECTIONS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; PREVALENCE; EMERGENCE; HEMODIALYSIS; POPULATION AB Background. Community- acquired methicillin- resistant Staphylococcus aureus ( CA- MRSA) is an emerging pathogen for which the prevalence, risk factors, and natural history are incompletely understood. Methods. In this prospective observational study, we evaluated 812 US Army soldiers to determine the prevalence of and risk factors for CA- MRSA colonization and the changes in colonization rate over time, as well as to determine the clinical significance of CA- MRSA colonization. Demographic data and swab samples from the nares for S. aureus cultures were obtained from participants at the start of their training and 8 - 10 weeks later. Over this time period, participants were observed prospectively to monitor for soft- tissue infections. S. aureus isolates were characterized by in vitro examination of antibiotic susceptibilities, mecA confirmation, pulsed- field gel electrophoresis, and Panton- Valentine leukocidin ( PVL) gene testing. Results. At the initial sampling, 24 of the participants ( 3%) were colonized with CA- MRSA, 9 of whom ( 38%) developed soft- tissue infections during the study period. In contrast, 229 participants ( 28%) were colonized with methicillin- susceptible S. aureus ( MSSA), 8 ( 3%) of whom developed clinical infections during the same period ( relative risk, 10.7; 95% confidence interval, 4.6 - 25.2;). At follow- up culture, the CA- MRSA colonization rate dropped to 1.6% without eradication efforts. Previous antibiotic use was a risk factor for CAMRSA colonization at the initial sampling (P = .03). PVL genes were detected in 66% of 45 recovered CA- MRSA isolates, including all 9 clinical isolates available for analysis. Of subjects hospitalized, 5 of 6 had PVL- positive CA- MRSA infections. Conclusions. CA- MRSA colonization with PVL- positive strains was associated with a significant risk of soft-tissue infection, suggesting that CA- MRSA may be more virulent than MSSA. Previous antibiotic use may play a role in CA- MRSA colonization. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Prevent Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Ellis, MW (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, MDI, MCHE, Infect Dis Serv, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM Michael.Ellis2@medd.army.mil NR 48 TC 305 Z9 311 U1 2 U2 13 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD OCT 1 PY 2004 VL 39 IS 7 BP 971 EP 979 DI 10.1086/423965 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 904JE UT WOS:000227491600011 PM 15472848 ER PT J AU Waibel, KH Ager, EP Topolski, RL Walsh, DS AF Waibel, KH Ager, EP Topolski, RL Walsh, DS TI Randomized trial comparing vaccinia on the external surfaces of 3 conventional bandages applied to smallpox vaccination sites in primary vaccinees SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID CONTACT VACCINIA; VIRUS; COMPLICATIONS; TRANSMISSION AB Background. Concern about accidental contact transmission after smallpox vaccination has prompted various recommendations regarding vaccination site coverage. Methods. On days 6 - 8 after their first- ever smallpox vaccination, 63 adult subjects were randomized to apply a self- adhesive bandage (n=20), gauze with adhesive tape (n=21), or gauze with a semipermeable dressing (n=22) over the vaccination site for a mean of h. Swabs from the external bandage surfaces and the vaccination sites were then assessed by real time vaccinia- specific polymerase chain reaction ( PCR) in blinded fashion. Results. Among 58 subjects completing the study, PCR results were positive for the vaccination site in 55 (94.8%) and on 10 swabs (17.2%) from external bandage surfaces. There were no differences among the 3 bandages (P=.57). Conclusions. At 7 days after smallpox vaccination, a peak time for vaccinia shedding, a self- adhesive bandage was as effective as 2 bulkier, less convenient bandages in limiting PCR- detectable virus on the external surface. C1 USA, Dwight D Eisenhower Med Ctr, Allergy Immunol & Dermatol Serv, Dept Med, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. USA, Dwight D Eisenhower Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. Augusta State Univ, Dept Psychol, Augusta, GA USA. RP Waibel, KH (reprint author), USA, Dwight D Eisenhower Med Ctr, Allergy & Immunol Serv, 8th Fl,300 Hosp Rd, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. EM kirk.waibel@se.amedd.army.mil NR 18 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD OCT 1 PY 2004 VL 39 IS 7 BP 1004 EP 1007 DI 10.1086/423967 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 904JE UT WOS:000227491600016 PM 15472853 ER PT J AU Polhemus, ME Aronson, N Weina, P McEvoy, P Neafi, R Wortmann, G AF Polhemus, ME Aronson, N Weina, P McEvoy, P Neafi, R Wortmann, G TI A US soldier who returned from Iraq with nonhealing sores SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES MILITARY; CUTANEOUS LEISHMANIASIS; SODIUM STIBOGLUCONATE; EFFICACY C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. RP Polhemus, ME (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RI Weina, Peter/A-2120-2011 NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD OCT 1 PY 2004 VL 39 IS 7 BP 1008 EP + PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 904JE UT WOS:000227491600017 PM 15503417 ER PT J AU Dibajnia, M Nairn, RB Ross, P AF Dibajnia, M Nairn, RB Ross, P TI Analysis of long-term sand accumulation at a harbor using 2DH numerical simulation SO COASTAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE bypassing ratio; 2DH modeling; downdrift erosion ratio; nearshore currents; setback distance; blocking distance; Bi-directional waves; Saugatuck Harbor; sediment budget ID SEDIMENT TRANSPORT; MODEL AB Long-term evolution of fillet beaches at Saugatuck Harbor on Lake Michigan was investigated through application of a proposed method for calculation of bypassing rate at inlets or around coastal structures. The method is based on implementation of a 2DH hydrodynamic and sediment transport model that provides spatial distributions of sediment transport vectors. Initial and existing bypassing rates at the harbor were calculated to establish sediment budgets for different time intervals over the past 100 years and evaluate the response of the neighboring beaches to the presence of the harbor. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V All rights reserved. C1 Baird & Associates, Oakville, ON L6J 5Z7, Canada. USACE, CELRE, HH E, Detroit, MI 48226 USA. RP Dibajnia, M (reprint author), Baird & Associates, 627 Lyons Lane,Suite 200, Oakville, ON L6J 5Z7, Canada. EM mdibajnia@baird.com NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-3839 J9 COAST ENG JI Coast. Eng. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 51 IS 8-9 BP 863 EP 882 DI 10.1016/j.coastaleng.2004.07.013 PG 20 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean SC Engineering GA 861XN UT WOS:000224452000013 ER PT J AU Yushin, GN Aleksov, A Wolter, SD Okuzumi, F Prater, JT Sitar, Z AF Yushin, GN Aleksov, A Wolter, SD Okuzumi, F Prater, JT Sitar, Z TI Wafer bonding of highly oriented diamond to silicon SO DIAMOND AND RELATED MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE wafer bonding; diamond; silicon ID FILMS; GROWTH AB Polished, highly oriented diamond (HOD) with an RMS roughness of less than 3 nm was bonded to single-side polished silicon wafers in ultra-high vacuum (UHV) at 32 MPa of applied uniaxial pressure. Successful fusion of HOD to silicon was achieved at temperatures above 850 degreesC. Fusion resulted in the formation of an abrupt interface between the wafers in the areas away from diamond grain boundaries. Voids, partially filled with amorphous material, were observed at the fused interface near the diamond grain boundaries. Preferential diamond polishing, potential out-diffusion of hydrogen from diamond and oxygen from silicon are believed to have contributed to the observed non-uniformity of the bonded interface. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Army Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Sitar, Z (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 1001 Capabil Dr,RBI, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM sitar@ncsu.edu RI Yushin, Gleb/B-4529-2013 OI Yushin, Gleb/0000-0002-3274-9265 NR 10 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-9635 J9 DIAM RELAT MATER JI Diam. Relat. Mat. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 13 IS 10 BP 1816 EP 1821 DI 10.1016/j.diamond.2004.04.007 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 854EJ UT WOS:000223883400012 ER PT J AU Johnson, MS Major, MA Casteel, SW AF Johnson, MS Major, MA Casteel, SW TI Lead accumulation in woodchucks (Marmota monax) at small arms and skeet ranges SO ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY LA English DT Article DE lead; woodchucks; Marmota; feces; bone; skeet ranges ID SMALL MAMMALS; SOIL; HIGHWAY; PLANTS; TRAP AB Increasing concern regarding the stewardship of US Army lands requires a proactive program to evaluate sites of potential risk. Small arms and upland skeet ranges are a potentially significant source of lead exposure for burrowing mammals. Woodchucks (Marmota monax) were evaluated for lead exposure in a previously used upland skeet range and a small arms range, respective to animals collected at two nearby reference locations. Soil lead concentrations collected at burrow entrances on the firing ranges were compared with blood, bone, kidney, liver, and fecal concentrations of woodchucks collected from the reference areas. No statistical differences were found in the lead concentrations in tissue between woodchucks in reference and firing ranges; concentrations of lead in liver and kidney were below detection limits. Levels in bone, blood, and feces suggest the bioavailability of lead at these various sites, although other factors (e.g., differences in foraging areas, age structure, habitat preferences, and environmental conditions) were also likely to influence exposure. Blood levels were below that which suggests toxicity. Further analysis of other ranges with higher lead concentrations and of small mammal species with smaller home ranges is recommended to further elucidate trends that could be extrapolated to other sites. (C) 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, MCHB, TS,THE,Toxicol Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Univ Missouri, Coll Vet Med, Columbia, MO USA. RP Johnson, MS (reprint author), USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, MCHB, TS,THE,Toxicol Directorate, 5158 Blackhawk Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM mark.johnson@amedd.army.mil NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0147-6513 J9 ECOTOX ENVIRON SAFE JI Ecotox. Environ. Safe. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 59 IS 2 BP 232 EP 236 DI 10.1016/j.econv.2003.07.008 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 853RT UT WOS:000223845900014 PM 15327881 ER PT J AU Boettner, DD Moran, MJ AF Boettner, DD Moran, MJ TI Proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell-powered vehicle performance using direct-hydrogen fueling and on-board methanol reforming SO ENERGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th International Conference on Efficiency, Costs, Optimization, Simulation and Environmental Impact of Energy Systems (ECOS 2002) CY JUL 03-05, 2002 CL Berlin, GERMANY SP Amer Soc Mech Engineers, Int Inst Appl Thermodynam ID MODEL; EFFICIENCY AB This paper summarizes results of recent studies of PEM fuel cell-powered vehicle performance using direct-hydrogen fueling and on-board methanol reforming. Control of auxiliary components is found to provide the greatest opportunity for improved performance. Fuel economy with on-board reforming is also found to be significantly less than with direct-hydrogen fueling. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.This paper summarizes results of recent studies of PEM fuel cell-powered vehicle performance using direct-hydrogen fueling and on-board methanol reforming. Control of auxiliary components is found to provide the greatest opportunity for improved performance. Fuel economy with on-board reforming is also found to be significantly less than with direct-hydrogen fueling. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Civil & Mech Engn, W Point, NY 10996 USA. Ohio State Univ, Dept Engn Mech, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Boettner, DD (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Civil & Mech Engn, W Point, NY 10996 USA. EM id7792@usma.edu NR 24 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 36 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0360-5442 J9 ENERGY JI Energy PD OCT-DEC PY 2004 VL 29 IS 12-15 BP 2317 EP 2330 DI 10.1016/j.energy.2004.03.026 PG 14 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels GA 866GQ UT WOS:000224762400034 ER PT J AU Labare, MP Butkus, MA Riegner, D Schommer, N Atkinson, J AF Labare, MP Butkus, MA Riegner, D Schommer, N Atkinson, J TI Evaluation of lead movement from the abiotic to biotic at a small-arms firing range SO ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY LA English DT Article DE lead; firing ranges; plant bioconcentration; bioavailability ID SHOOTING-RANGE; SKEET RANGE; SOILS; ACCUMULATION; PELLETS; METALS; PLANTS AB An investigation to characterize the extent and speciation of lead contamination in water, soil, and surrounding biota was conducted at a small-arms firing and skeet range in West Point, New York. Specifically, lead concentrations were examined in sediment, soil, water, plants, fish and invertebrates. There is an elevated concentration of lead in the soil and sediment up to 11,000 mu/g and 340 mu/g and also evidence of bioconcentration of the lead by the surrounding biota. Earthworms had up to 90% higher concentrations of lead while tadpoles showed 20% higher concentrations compared with their controls. Lead uptake by indigenous plants gave varying results. Two species bioconcentrated lead 20 and 55 times greater than the control plants. These differences were significant (P <0.05 level) when tested by the student's t test. Further studies show that the total leachable lead was highest in the invertebrates and vertebrates but not in the plants. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Chem & Life Sci, W Point, NY 10996 USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Geog & Environm Engn, Environm Engn Program, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Labare, MP (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Chem & Life Sci, W Point, NY 10996 USA. EM mm7983@exmail.usma.edu NR 17 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0943-0105 J9 ENVIRON GEOL JI Environ. Geol. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 46 IS 6-7 BP 750 EP 754 DI 10.1007/s00254-004-1097-x PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources GA 864DH UT WOS:000224613100006 ER PT J AU Watson, BC Shoop, BL Ressler, EK Das, PK AF Watson, BC Shoop, BL Ressler, EK Das, PK TI Analog-to-digital conversion using single-layer integrate-and-fire networks with inhibitory connections SO EURASIP JOURNAL ON APPLIED SIGNAL PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE spiking neurons; analog-to-digital conversion; integrate-and-fire networks; neuroscience AB We discuss a method for increasing the effective sampling rate of binary A/D converters using an architecture that is inspired by biological neural networks. As in biological systems, many relatively simple components can act in concert without a predetermined progression of states or even a timing signal (clock). The charge-fire cycles of individual A/D converters are coordinated using feedback in a manner that suppresses noise in the signal baseband of the power spectrum of output spikes. We have demonstrated that these networks self-organize and that by utilizing the emergent properties of such networks, it is possible to leverage many A/D converters to increase the overall network sampling rate. We present experimental and simulation results for networks of oversampling 1-bit A/D converters arranged in single-layer integrate-and-fire networks with inhibitory connections. In addition, we demonstrate information transmission and preservation through chains of cascaded single-layer networks. C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Photon Res Ctr, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Watson, BC (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM bc7watson@adelphia.net; barry-shoop@usma.edu; de8827@usma.edu; das@cwc.ucsd.edu NR 20 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU HINDAWI PUBLISHING CORPORATION PI SYLVANIA PA PO BOX 1210, SYLVANIA, OH 43560 USA SN 1110-8657 J9 EURASIP J APPL SIG P JI EURASIP J Appl. Signal Process. PD OCT 1 PY 2004 VL 2004 IS 13 BP 2066 EP 2075 DI 10.1155/S1110865704405083 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 878VW UT WOS:000225676400012 ER PT J AU Frattarelli, JL Levi, AJ Miller, BT Segars, JH AF Frattarelli, JL Levi, AJ Miller, BT Segars, JH TI Prognostic use of mean ovarian volume in in vitro fertilization cycles: a prospective assessment SO FERTILITY AND STERILITY LA English DT Article DE in vitro fertilization; mean ovarian volume; basal antral follicle count; pregnancy; cancellation rate; ovarian response; ovarian reserve; predictive value; clinical outcome; review ID REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGY CYCLES; STIMULATING-HORMONE LEVELS; CITRATE CHALLENGE TEST; DAY 3 ESTRADIOL; TRANSVAGINAL SONOGRAPHY; INVITRO FERTILIZATION AB Objective: To determine the predictive value and to define prognostic threshold measurements for mean ovarian volume (MOV) in patients undergoing IVF. Design: Prospective cohort analysis. Setting: Tertiary care center. Patient(s): Two hundred sixty-seven patients. Intervention(s): Transvaginal ultrasound before starting gonadotropins. Main Outcome Measure(s): Number of oocytes retrieved, basal hormone levels, and cycle outcomes. Result(s): The MOV for the population was 4.78 +/- 2.6 cm(3) (range 0.9-21.1 cm(3)). The MOV significantly correlated with the majority of prestimulation and poststimulation IVF parameters. Threshold analysis demonstrated a lower pregnancy rate associated with a MOV of <2 cm(3) (31.6% vs. 55.6%). Threshold analysis revealed a trend toward higher cancellation rate associated with a MOV of <2 cm(3) (21.1% vs. 7.3%). Conclusion(s): Although MOV correlated with IVF stimulation parameters, its use as an adjunct in counseling patients during IVF appears to be of limited value. A MOV <2 cm(3) was associated clinically with a higher cancellation rate (21.1%) and a lower pregnancy rate (31.6%) in those cycles not cancelled. However, these values do not deviate far from the mean national IVF outcome rates. There was no absolute MOV that was predictive of pregnancy outcome or cycle cancellation. (C)2004 by American Society for Reproductive Medicine. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Connecticut Fertil Associates, Bridgeport, CT USA. Reprod Med Associates New Jersey, Morristown, NJ USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, USN, Natl Med Ctr, Combined Fed Program Reprod Endocrinol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, USN, Natl Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr,Pediat & Reprod Endocrin, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Frattarelli, JL (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. EM john.frattarelli@amedd.army.mil NR 17 TC 15 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0015-0282 J9 FERTIL STERIL JI Fertil. Steril. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 82 IS 4 BP 811 EP 815 DI 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2004.02.143 PG 5 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA 862UO UT WOS:000224516800011 PM 15482752 ER PT J AU Frattarelli, JL Dempsey, MS AF Frattarelli, JL Dempsey, MS TI Characteristics of baseline ovarian cysts in clomiphene citrate ovulation cycles SO FERTILITY AND STERILITY LA English DT Editorial Material ID INVITRO FERTILIZATION; HYPERSTIMULATION; INDUCTION; SUCCESS AB To evaluate the incidence and factors associated with ovarian cysts in infertile patients receiving clomiphene citrate (CC), we performed a retrospective cohort study involving 466 CC treatment cycles. Ovarian cysts are a common finding in patients presenting for CC, with approximately one in five patients having a baseline ovarian cyst >10 mm. (C) 2004 by American Society for Reproductive Medicine. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Frattarelli, JL (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. EM john.frattarelli@amedd.army.mil NR 11 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0015-0282 J9 FERTIL STERIL JI Fertil. Steril. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 82 IS 4 BP 979 EP 981 DI 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2004.02.145 PG 3 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA 862UO UT WOS:000224516800047 PM 15482788 ER PT J AU Meisleman, HL Cardello, AV Bell, R AF Meisleman, HL Cardello, AV Bell, R TI A sensory revolution. The 5th Pangborn Sensory Science Symposium, Boston, Massachusetts, USA 20-24 July 2003 SO FOOD QUALITY AND PREFERENCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Organizing Committee, Natick, MA 01760 USA. USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Organizing & Sci Committee, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Meisleman, HL (reprint author), USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Organizing Committee, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM herbert.meislman@natick.army.mil; armand.cardello@natick.army.mil; Rick.Bell2@us.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0950-3293 J9 FOOD QUAL PREFER JI Food. Qual. Prefer. PD OCT-DEC PY 2004 VL 15 IS 7-8 BP 611 EP 612 DI 10.1016/j.foodqual.2004.05.008 PG 2 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 868WZ UT WOS:000224945100001 ER PT J AU King, SC Weber, AJ Meiselman, HL Lv, N AF King, SC Weber, AJ Meiselman, HL Lv, N TI The effect of meal situation, social interaction, physical environment and choice on food acceptability SO FOOD QUALITY AND PREFERENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Pangborn Sensory Science Symposium CY JUL 20-24, 2003 CL Boston, MA DE acceptability; consumer; context effect; choice; environment; meal; menu items; restaurant; sensory; social interaction ID HUMANS; PREFERENCES AB Consumer acceptance of food and beverage was measured after modifying four key factors or 'context effects' in five consumer central location tests: its function as a meal component, social interaction during consumption, the physical environment in which the food is selected and consumed, and food choice. One of two flavor variations each of salad, pizza and iced tea were served. Acceptance ratings and self-reported food intake were obtained from consumers. In Tests 1-5, context effects were added sequentially, so that by Test 5 all context effects were present. Sixth test served as a comparison to 'real life' and took place at a local restaurant. Our hypothesis was that product acceptability would increase with the addition of the various context effects. Meal context had the strongest positive effect on tea; social context had a strong negative effect on pizza; environment had a weak but positive effect on pizza and tea and a negative effect on salad; and choice had a positive effect on salad. These results suggest that context variables do affect product acceptance, but that the relationship between context effect and consumer acceptance may not be consistent within and across meal components. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 McCormick & Co, Hunt Valley, MD 21030 USA. USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Food Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP King, SC (reprint author), McCormick & Co, D204 Wight Ave, Hunt Valley, MD 21030 USA. EM silvia_king@mccormick.com NR 23 TC 76 Z9 77 U1 0 U2 27 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0950-3293 J9 FOOD QUAL PREFER JI Food. Qual. Prefer. PD OCT-DEC PY 2004 VL 15 IS 7-8 BP 645 EP 653 DI 10.1016/j.foodqual.2004.04.010 PG 9 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 868WZ UT WOS:000224945100004 ER PT J AU Merrill, EP Cardello, AV Kramer, FM Lesher, LL Schutz, HG AF Merrill, EP Cardello, AV Kramer, FM Lesher, LL Schutz, HG TI The development of a perceived satiety index for military rations SO FOOD QUALITY AND PREFERENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Pangborn Sensory Science Symposium CY JUL 20-24, 2003 CL Boston, MA ID SUBSEQUENT FOOD-INTAKE; ENERGY DENSITY; HIGH-CARBOHYDRATE; GENETIC-VARIATION; TASTE PERCEPTION; FAT-CONTENT; INFORMATION; MAGNITUDE; HUNGER; PALATABILITY AB Studies were conducted to index the perceived satiety value of a variety of military ration items, to assess the relationship of the food's nutrient composition, physical, and sensory properties to satiety, and to determine the ability of the sum of the satiety indices for individual meal components to predict total meal satiety. Equicaloric 300 kcal portions of 17 common military ration items and two commercial food items were tested. Satiety measures were obtained before consumption, immediately after consumption and every 15 min thereafter for 1 h. Ratings of acceptability and sensory attributes (sweet, salty, chewy, moist, dense, fatty/oily/creamy) were also obtained. The area under the 75-min response curve (AUC) was used to quantify the overall satiety responses to each item. A satiety index (Si) was calculated by dividing the mean AUC for each food item by the mean AUC for a reference food. Significant differences were found in perceived satiety among the nineteen food items. The mean AUC was greatest for oatmeal, which was 4.78 times higher than the lowest AUC. A stepwise regression analysis was used to examine the relationship of individual food characteristics (macronutrient content, weight in grams, and volume), initial satiety level, sensory attributes, and liking to overall satiety. The obtained model revealed four variables that contributed significantly to perceived satiety: initial satiety, fat and protein content, and the perception of fatty/oily/creamy. Higher initial satiety (fullness) and higher fat content were associated with lower perceived satiety, while higher protein content and higher fatty/oily/creamy ratings were associated with greater satiety. A regression analysis to determine whether the sum of individual item satiety scores (AUCs), adjusted for serving size, could be used to predict the overall satiety of a meal resulted in a predictive equation with an R-Adj(2) of 0.54. The intercept of the equation was close to zero and the slope (0.69) was interpreted as representing a correction factor for the diminishing growth of perceived satiety as a function of increasing kilocalories. Overall, the data show that it is possible to index the perceived satiety value of individual ration components and meals, and that by developing a better understanding of the influence of the nutrient composition, physical, and sensory properties of a food on perceived satiety, it may be possible to develop or select ration components that produce lower levels of perceived satiety and which, in turn, may lead to increased consumption under field conditions. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Sci & Technol Directorate, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Geocenters Inc, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Consumer Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Merrill, EP (reprint author), USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Sci & Technol Directorate, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM merrille@natick.army.mil NR 59 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0950-3293 J9 FOOD QUAL PREFER JI Food. Qual. Prefer. PD OCT-DEC PY 2004 VL 15 IS 7-8 BP 859 EP 870 DI 10.1016/j.foodqual.2004.04.001 PG 12 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 868WZ UT WOS:000224945100024 ER PT J AU Marshall, D Bell, R AF Marshall, D Bell, R TI Relating the food involvement scale to demographic variables, food choice and other constructs SO FOOD QUALITY AND PREFERENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Pangborn Sensory Science Symposium CY JUL 20-24, 2003 CL Boston, MA ID CONSUMER INVOLVEMENT AB This paper describes recent research with the Food Involvement Scale (FIS), relating it to other constructs and demographics, and its potential influence on food choices. We administered the FIS and other established scales to a sample of undergraduates (n = 109) from a UK university. The FIS was found to be associated with many other scales, and a multiple regression suggested that higher levels of food involvement are associated with living with two or more friends, cooking for one's self, having regular meals, and being older. We then administered the FIS along with the Block Food Frequency questionnaire to a sample of military personnel (n = 2068) and compared food intake patterns between high and low involvement subjects. The analysis suggests that food involvement, as measured by FIS, appears to mediate differences in food choices and food choice patterns. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Edinburgh, Management Sch & Econ, Edinburgh EH9 9JY, Midlothian, Scotland. USA, Natick RD&E Ctr, Behav Sci, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Marshall, D (reprint author), Univ Edinburgh, Management Sch & Econ, Edinburgh EH9 9JY, Midlothian, Scotland. EM marshall@staffmail.ed.ac.uk NR 39 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0950-3293 J9 FOOD QUAL PREFER JI Food. Qual. Prefer. PD OCT-DEC PY 2004 VL 15 IS 7-8 BP 871 EP 879 DI 10.1016/j.foodqual.2004.06.003 PG 9 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 868WZ UT WOS:000224945100025 ER PT J AU Dalton, K Stearns, S Wiener, J Decker, S AF Dalton, K Stearns, S Wiener, J Decker, S TI Issues in care decisions for frail elders SO GERONTOLOGIST LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ N Carolina, Cecil G Sheps Ctr, Hlth Serv Res, Chapel Hill, NC USA. Univ N Carolina, Dept Hlth Policy & Adm, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RTI Int, Washington, DC USA. USA, Int Longev Ctr, New York, NY USA. NBER, New York, NY USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU GERONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1275 K STREET NW SUITE 350, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4006 USA SN 0016-9013 J9 GERONTOLOGIST JI Gerontologist PD OCT PY 2004 VL 44 SI 1 BP 380 EP 381 PG 2 WC Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 875YJ UT WOS:000225458801408 ER PT J AU Sjogren, MH Sjogren, R Lyons, MF Ryan, M Santoro, J Smith, C Reddy, KR Bonkovsky, H Huntley, B Ibarra, L Faris-Young, S AF Sjogren, MH Sjogren, R Lyons, MF Ryan, M Santoro, J Smith, C Reddy, KR Bonkovsky, H Huntley, B Ibarra, L Faris-Young, S TI Antiviral response of HCV genotype-1 to consensus interferon and ribavirin compared with pegylated interferon and ribavirin. A preliminary report. SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 55th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-the-Study-of-Liver-Diseases (AASLD) CY OCT 29-NOV 02, 2004 CL Boston, MA SP Amer Assoc Study Liver Dis C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Kaiser Permanente Mid Atlantic States, Falls Church, VA USA. Tacoma Digest Dis Ctr, Tacoma, WA USA. Digest & Liver Dis Specialists, Norfolk, VA USA. Atlantic Gastroenterol Associates, Egg Harbor Township, NJ USA. Univ Penn GI Res, Philadelphia, PA USA. Univ Connecticut, Ctr Hlth, Farmington, CT USA. InterMune, Brisbane, CA USA. Minnesota Gastroenterol, St Paul, MN USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD OCT PY 2004 VL 40 IS 4 SU 1 BP 396A EP 397A PG 2 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 857FR UT WOS:000224102100537 ER PT J AU Gaunaurd, GC Nguyen, LH AF Gaunaurd, GC Nguyen, LH TI Detection of land-mines using ultra-wideband radar data and time-frequency signal analysis SO IEE PROCEEDINGS-RADAR SONAR AND NAVIGATION LA English DT Article ID SYNTHETIC-APERTURE RADAR; ELECTROMAGNETIC SCATTERING; ARBITRARY SHAPE; FIELD DETECTION; LAYERED MEDIA; SIGNATURES; RADIATION; SURFACES; KERNELS AB The authors present a study of the backscattered signatures from various types of landmines placed either on the Earth's surface or buried underground, and their time-frequency (t - v) distributions. A BoomSAR designed by the Army Research Laboratory (ARL) transmits ultrawideband (UWB) signals to a test area to be inspected. The backscattered signals are used to form synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery and also the corresponding time-frequency distributions. The t - v plots are generated of the distributions of several mines and `confusers' (i.e. undesirable debris that: are similar to mines in terms of amplitude and shape). For both metal and plastic mines, SAR images are generated and the t - v distributions are obtained using the backscattered signals generated by an electromagnetic (EM) numerical model and are compared against the measured data. Time-frequency characteristics of mines and confusers that may be useful for demining purposes are investigated. Although measurements and EM predictions show good agreement in most cases, the main purpose of the work is to obtain the characteristics of the t - v distributions of the actual (dielectric and conducting) mines used, as well as those of the `confusers' so that they can be distinguished from the true mines. This has been achieved in all cases shown, and many distinctive. features of each have been identified. These could later be used for the development of automated algorithms for in-situ mine detection and could be combined with alternative approaches that have also shown promise for classification purposes, as planned for future research. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Gaunaurd, GC (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 23 TC 6 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEE-INST ELEC ENG PI HERTFORD PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD SG1 2AY, ENGLAND SN 1350-2395 J9 IEE P-RADAR SON NAV JI IEE Proc.-Radar Sonar Navig. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 151 IS 5 BP 307 EP 316 DI 10.1049/ip-rsn:20040767 PG 10 WC Telecommunications SC Telecommunications GA 877CO UT WOS:000225545600007 ER PT J AU Hancock, P Curry, RD McDonald, KF Altgilbers, L AF Hancock, P Curry, RD McDonald, KF Altgilbers, L TI Megawatt, pulsed ultraviolet photon sources for microbial inactivation SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference CY JUN 15-18, 2003 CL Dallas, TX SP IEEE, Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc DE bacteria; disinfection; flashlamps; high voltage; surface disinfection; ultraviolet ID BACILLUS-SUBTILIS; FLASHLAMPS; REPAIR; DNA AB The University of Missouri-Columbia (UMC) has developed pulsed ultraviolet (UV) photon sources commensurate with enhanced ultraviolet inactivation of hazardous microbials on surfaces or in a water matrix. Pulsed xenon flashlamps have been optimized to produce a high ultraviolet photon yield in the 180-320 nm range that is lethal to microbials and has a high cross-sectional interaction with photosensitizer chemicals to synergistically enhance microbial inactivation. Electrical models have been derived to predict the time-dependent plasma discharge impedance profiles of the flashlamp UV source. C1 Univ Missouri, Dept Elect Engn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. USA, Space & Missile Def Command, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA. RP Hancock, P (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Elect Engn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM curryrd@missouri.edu NR 24 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 5 U2 8 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0093-3813 EI 1939-9375 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 32 IS 5 BP 2026 EP 2031 DI 10.1109/TPS.2004.835967 PN 1 PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 863MY UT WOS:000224567200036 ER PT J AU Rao, M Matyas, GR Vancott, TC Birx, DL Alving, CR AF Rao, M Matyas, GR Vancott, TC Birx, DL Alving, CR TI Immunostimulatory CpG motifs induce CTL responses to HIV type I oligomeric gp140 envelope protein SO IMMUNOLOGY AND CELL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cytotoxic T lymphocytes; immunomodulators; lipid A; liposomes; oligonucleotides ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; LIPOSOME-ENCAPSULATED ANTIGENS; CYTOTOXIC T-LYMPHOCYTES; MONOPHOSPHORYL-LIPID-A; BACTERIAL-DNA; OLIGODEOXYNUCLEOTIDES ACT; VACCINE ADJUVANTS; MALARIA ANTIGEN; CELL RESPONSES; NATIVE GP120 AB In the present study we investigated the immunomodulatory effects of two adjuvants, liposomal lipid A [L(LA)] and CpG-containing oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG ODN), to the HIV-1 ogp140 envelope protein. Administration of each of these adjuvants separately with unencapsulated ogp140 resulted in low antibody titres. Encapsulation of ogp140 in liposomes containing lipid A resulted in a sixfold increase in anti-ogp140 antibodies. The antibody titres were further enhanced threefold by the addition of CpG ODN. Priming and boosting BALB/c mice with unencapsulated ogp140 with L(LA) or encapsulation in liposomes containing lipid A induced a mixed Th1/Th2 type of immune response. In contrast, immunization with L(ogp140 + LA) plus CpG ODN switched the immune response to a Th-1 response with elevated anti-ogp140 IgG2a antibodies and IFN-gamma levels. Both adjuvants induced excellent ogp140-specific proliferative and CTL responses. Therefore, for the induction of high titre antibodies, but not for cellular responses, the antigen and lipid A have to be present in the same liposomes. These results can have significant implications in directing the Th1 or Th2 differentiation of antigen-specific immune responses in the context of vaccine development. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Membrane Biochem, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, US Mil HIV Res Program, Div Retrovirol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD USA. RP Rao, M (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Membrane Biochem, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM Mangala.Rao@na.amedd.army.mil NR 45 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING ASIA PI CARLTON PA 54 UNIVERSITY ST, P O BOX 378, CARLTON, VICTORIA 3053, AUSTRALIA SN 0818-9641 J9 IMMUNOL CELL BIOL JI Immunol. Cell Biol. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 82 IS 5 BP 523 EP 530 DI 10.1111/j.1440-1711.2004.01283.x PG 8 WC Cell Biology; Immunology SC Cell Biology; Immunology GA 858GF UT WOS:000224179600009 PM 15479438 ER PT J AU Richards, RL Rao, M Vancott, TC Matyas, GR Birx, DL Alving, CR AF Richards, RL Rao, M Vancott, TC Matyas, GR Birx, DL Alving, CR TI Liposome-stabilized oil-in-water emulsions as adjuvants: Increased emulsion stability promotes induction of cytotoxic T lymphocytes against an HIV envelope antigen SO IMMUNOLOGY AND CELL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE adjuvant; CTL; emulsion; HIV; liposomes ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; CIRCUMSPOROZOITE PROTEIN VACCINE; OLIGOMERIC GP160; NATIVE GP120; ANTIBODIES; RESPONSES; SELECTION; CARRIERS; PEPTIDES; DELIVERY AB Protective or therapeutic immunity against HIV infection is currently believed to require both antibody and CTL responses against the envelope protein. In the present study, the adjuvant activity of a unique oil-in-water emulsion, in which liposomes containing lipid A (LA) and encapsulated antigen served as the emulsifying agent, was examined in mice using oligomeric gp140 (ogp140) derived from the HIV-1 envelope as the antigen. Emulsions rendered either highly stable or unstable by altering the ratio of liposomes to oil were used to examine the effect of stability of the emulsion on adjuvant activity. Stable and unstable emulsions had similar potencies for inducing both IgG antibodies to ogp140 and antigen-specific T-lymphocyte proliferation. Stable emulsions, but not unstable emulsions, induced antigen-specific CTL responses, possibly because of the depot effect of the stable emulsions. Furthermore, stable emulsions induced lower IgG2a/IgG1 ratios than the unstable emulsions. We conclude that stable liposomal oil-in-water emulsions provide an effective means of obtaining both antibody and CTL responses against an HIV envelope antigen. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Membrane Biochem, Silver Spring, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, Silver Spring, MD USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD USA. RP Richards, RL (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Biochem Pharmacol, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM Roberta.Owens@na.amedd.army.mil NR 31 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING ASIA PI CARLTON PA 54 UNIVERSITY ST, P O BOX 378, CARLTON, VICTORIA 3053, AUSTRALIA SN 0818-9641 J9 IMMUNOL CELL BIOL JI Immunol. Cell Biol. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 82 IS 5 BP 531 EP 538 DI 10.1111/j.1440-1711.2004.01282.x PG 8 WC Cell Biology; Immunology SC Cell Biology; Immunology GA 858GF UT WOS:000224179600010 PM 15479439 ER PT J AU Tonui, WK Mejia, JS Hochberg, L Mbow, AL Ryan, JR Chan, AST Martin, SK Titus, RG AF Tonui, WK Mejia, JS Hochberg, L Mbow, AL Ryan, JR Chan, AST Martin, SK Titus, RG TI Immunization with Leishmania major exogenous antigens protects susceptible BALB/c mice against challenge infection with L-major SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID CUTANEOUS LEISHMANIASIS; MURINE LEISHMANIASIS; INTERFERON-GAMMA; T-CELLS; IL-12; VACCINE; LIPOPHOSPHOGLYCAN; INTERLEUKIN-4; PROMASTIGOTES; PERSISTENCE AB The potential of Leishmania major culture-derived soluble exogenous antigens (SEAgs) to induce a protective response in susceptible BALB/c mice challenged with L. major promastigotes was investigated. Groups of BALB/c mice were immunized with L. major SEAgs alone, L. major SEAgs coadministered with either alum (aluminum hydroxide gel) or recombinant murine interleukin-12 (rmIL-12), L. major SEAgs coadministered with both alum and rmIL-12, and L. major SEAgs coadministered with Montanide ISA 720. Importantly and surprisingly, the greatest and most consistent protection against challenge with L. major was seen in mice immunized with L. major SEAgs alone, in the absence of any adjuvant. Mice immunized with L. major SEAgs had significantly smaller lesions that at times contained more than 100-fold fewer parasites. When lymphoid cells from L. major SEAg-immunized mice were stimulated with leishmanial antigen in vitro, they proliferated and secreted a mixed profile of type 1 and type 2 cytokines. Finally, analyses with Western blot analyses and antibodies against three surface-expressed and secreted molecules of L. major (lipophosphoglycan, gp46/M2/ PSA-2, and gp63) revealed that two of these molecules are present in L. major SEAgs, lipophosphoglycan and the molecules that associate with it and gp46/M2/PSA-2. C1 Colorado State Univ, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Biotechnol Res & Dev, Nairobi, Kenya. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Silver Spring, MD USA. Centocor Inc, Malvern, PA 19355 USA. Cepheid, Sunnyvale, CA USA. RP Titus, RG (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, 1619 Campus Delivery, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM richard.titus@colostate.edu FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI 27511]; PHS HHS [29955] NR 31 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 72 IS 10 BP 5654 EP 5661 DI 10.1128/IAI.72.10.5654-5661.2004 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 857QS UT WOS:000224134000014 PM 15385463 ER PT J AU Hospenthal, DR AF Hospenthal, DR TI Echinocandin antifungal drugs SO INFECTIONS IN MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE echinocandins; caspoflungin; antifungal therapy ID DOUBLE-BLIND; INVASIVE CANDIDIASIS; AMPHOTERICIN-B; CASPOFUNGIN C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, F Edward Hebert Sch Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Hospenthal, DR (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 4 PU SCP COMMUNICATIONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 134 W 29TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10001-5304 USA SN 0749-6524 J9 INFECT MED JI Infect. Med. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 21 IS 10 BP 476 EP 478 PG 3 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 862GT UT WOS:000224479400006 ER PT J AU George, B Davis, K Dorsey, D Morgan, J AF George, B Davis, K Dorsey, D Morgan, J TI Successful treatment of necrotizing Fasciitis caused by Vibrio vulnificus SO INFECTIONS IN MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE necrotizing fasciitis; sepsis; Vibrio vulnificus ID INFECTIONS; SUSCEPTIBILITY; TETRACYCLINE; SEPTICEMIA; FEATURES; FLORIDA; TAIWAN AB A classic presentation of sepsis secondary to infection with Vibrio vulnificus occurred in an alcoholic man with diabetes who had been wading in the Gulf of Mexico. The patient survived this usually fatal infection because of a high degree of clinical suspicion with aggressive and early intervention. This case illustrates successful therapy for V vulnificus sepsis and reviews the literature regarding Vibrio infections. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Pulm & Crit Care Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. William Beaumont Army Med Ctr, El Paso, TX 79920 USA. RP George, B (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SCP COMMUNICATIONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 134 W 29TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10001-5304 USA SN 0749-6524 J9 INFECT MED JI Infect. Med. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 21 IS 10 BP 511 EP 513 PG 3 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 862GT UT WOS:000224479400016 ER PT J AU Dolan, CK Hall, MA Blazes, DL Norwood, CW AF Dolan, CK Hall, MA Blazes, DL Norwood, CW TI Pseudoporphyria as a result of voriconazole use: a case report SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TRIAZOLE ANTIFUNGAL AGENT; THERAPY; DRUG AB Voriconazole, a second-generation triazole, has recently been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to treat invasive aspergillosis and refractory infections with Scedosporium apiospermum or Fusarium spp(1) The reported side-effects of voriconazole include visual changes, headaches, elevated hepatic enzymes, Steven-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, chelitis, photosensitivity, discoid lupus erythematosus and anaphylactoid infusion reactions.(1-9) Pseudoporphyria was first described in association with nalidixic acid.(10,11) It has the same clinical and histologic features as porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT) but is distinguished by normal porphyrin levels in the serum, urine and stool. We present the case of a patient who developed pseudoporphyria after receiving treatment with voriconazole. C1 USN, Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. USN Reserve, Patuxent River Naval Med Clin, Patuxent River, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dermatol Residency Program, Natl Capital Consortium, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Norwood, CW (reprint author), USN, Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, 8901 Wisconsin Ave, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. EM cwnorwood@bethesda.med.navy.mil NR 29 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0011-9059 J9 INT J DERMATOL JI Int. J. Dermatol. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 43 IS 10 BP 768 EP 771 DI 10.1111/j.1365-4632.2004.02177.x PG 4 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 860MI UT WOS:000224347300016 PM 15485539 ER PT J AU Cheuvront, SN Carter, R Montain, SJ Sawka, MN AF Cheuvront, SN Carter, R Montain, SJ Sawka, MN TI Daily body mass variability and stability in active men undergoing exercise-heat stress SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORT NUTRITION AND EXERCISE METABOLISM LA English DT Article DE hydration assessment; hypohydration; dehydration; fluid balance; body weight ID HYDRATION STATUS; FLUID REPLACEMENT; URINARY INDEXES; WATER; DEHYDRATION AB The purpose of this study was to quantify the variability and stability of 1st morning body mass (BM) fluctuations during daily exercise in the heat while following traditional fluid intake guidance. Data from 65 men were examined retrospectively. BM fluctuations were monitored over 4 to 15 consecutive days. Group daily variation in BM was 0.51 +/- 0.20 kg. Group coefficient of variation was 0.66 +/- 0.24%, normally distributed, and not related to either absolute BM (r = 0.04) or number of measurements (r = 0.34). Three days resulted in a similar variability estimate compared to 6 or 9 d, although precision was improved with 9 d. In conclusion, 3 consecutive BM measurements provide an accurate assessment of daily BM variability, which is less than 1% for active men when replacing 100% of sweat losses during exercise. The data also suggest that daily BM is a sufficiently stable physiological parameter for potential daily fluid balance monitoring. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Cheuvront, SN (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 24 TC 64 Z9 65 U1 0 U2 5 PU HUMAN KINETICS PUBL INC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1607 N MARKET ST, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820-2200 USA SN 1050-1606 J9 INT J SPORT NUTR EXE JI Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 14 IS 5 BP 532 EP 540 PG 9 WC Nutrition & Dietetics; Sport Sciences SC Nutrition & Dietetics; Sport Sciences GA 864ML UT WOS:000224637500003 PM 15673099 ER PT J AU Millett, JCF Bourne, NK Dandekar, DP AF Millett, JCF Bourne, NK Dandekar, DP TI Lateral stress measurements and shear strength in shock loaded tungsten carbide SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID FAILURE WAVES; DEFORMATION MECHANISMS; DELAYED FAILURE; GLASSES AB The shear strength of a monolithic tungsten carbide has been measured as a function of impact stress. Results show that it increases with stress, in agreement with the work of others. Interestingly, it has also been shown that lateral stress increases, and thus shear strength decreases behind the shock front. Potential mechanisms are discussed, including cracking within the shock front itself, and stress relaxation due to high velocity dislocation motion within the shock front, followed by dislocation multiplication behind it. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Cranfield Univ, Royal Mil Coll Sci, Swindon SN6 8LA, Wilts, England. USA, Res Lab, Weap Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Millett, JCF (reprint author), Cranfield Univ, Royal Mil Coll Sci, Swindon SN6 8LA, Wilts, England. EM j.c.f.millett@cranfield.ac.uk RI Bourne, Neil/A-7544-2008 NR 27 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD OCT 1 PY 2004 VL 96 IS 7 BP 3727 EP 3732 DI 10.1063/1.1787617 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 857VB UT WOS:000224145800020 ER PT J AU Cheuvront, SN Carter, R Kolka, MA Lieberman, HR Kellogg, MD Sawka, MN AF Cheuvront, SN Carter, R Kolka, MA Lieberman, HR Kellogg, MD Sawka, MN TI Branched-chain amino acid supplementation and human performance when hypohydrated in the heat SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE dehydration; central fatigue; serotonin; prolactin; mood ID EXERCISE-INDUCED CHANGE; PLASMA-FREE TRYPTOPHAN; PROLONGED EXERCISE; CARBOHYDRATE SUPPLEMENTATION; COGNITIVE PERFORMANCE; PERCEIVED EXERTION; SUSTAINED EXERCISE; VISUAL VIGILANCE; FATIGUE; STRESS AB The serotonin system may contribute to reduced human performance when hypohydrated in the heat. This study determined whether branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) supplementation could sustain exercise and cognitive performance in the heat (40degreesC dry bulb, 20% relative humidity) when hypohydrated by 4% of body mass. Seven heat-accliniated men completed two experimental trials, each consisting of one preparation and one test day. On day 1, a low-carbohydrate diet was eaten and subjects performed exhaustive cycling (morning) and treadmill exercise in the heat (afternoon) to lower muscle glycogen and achieve the desired hypohydration level. On day 2, subjects consumed an isocaloric BCAA and carbohydrate (BC) or carbohydrate-only drink during exercise. Experimental trials included 60 min of cycle ergometry (50% peak oxygen uptake) followed by a 30-min time trial in the heat. A cognitive test battery was completed before and after exercise, and blood samples were taken. BC produced a 2.5-fold increase (P<0.05) in plasma BCAA and lowered (P<0.05) the ratios of total tryptophan to BCAA and large neutral amino acid. Blood prolactin, glucose, lactate, and osmolality were not different between trials but increased over time. Cardiovascular and thermoregulatory data were also similar between trials. BC did not alter time-trial performance, cognitive performance, mood, perceived exertion, or perceived thermal comfort. We conclude that BCAA does not alter exercise or cognitive performance in the heat when subjects are hypohydrated. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Childrens Hosp, Dept Lab Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Cheuvront, SN (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM samuel.cheuvront@na.amedd.army.mil OI Kellogg, Mark/0000-0003-1868-2153 NR 46 TC 39 Z9 42 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 97 IS 4 BP 1275 EP 1282 DI 10.1152/japplphysiol.00357.2004 PG 8 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 859FB UT WOS:000224247700014 PM 15358751 ER PT J AU Chow, TM Wilcoxon, MR Piwoni, MD Adrian, NR AF Chow, TM Wilcoxon, MR Piwoni, MD Adrian, NR TI Trace level analysis of hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) and its biodegradation intermediates in liquid media by solid-phase extraction and high-pressure liquid chromatography analysis SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHIC SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ANAEROBIC BIODEGRADATION; EXPLOSIVES C1 Illinoise Waste Management Res & Informat Ctr, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. USA, Construct Engn Res Lab, Corps Engineers, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Champaign, IL 61826 USA. RP Chow, TM (reprint author), Illinoise Waste Management Res & Informat Ctr, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. NR 12 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU PRESTON PUBL INC PI NILES PA 6600 W TOUHY AVE, NILES, IL 60714-4588 USA SN 0021-9665 J9 J CHROMATOGR SCI JI J. Chromatogr. Sci. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 42 IS 9 BP 470 EP 473 PG 4 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 870VW UT WOS:000225087800003 PM 15693186 ER PT J AU Crum, NF Potter, M Pappagianis, D AF Crum, NF Potter, M Pappagianis, D TI Seroincidence of coccidioidomycosis during military desert training exercises SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID IMMITIS-ENDEMIC AREA; CALIFORNIA; OUTBREAK; EPIDEMIOLOGY AB Coccidioidomycosis is a common fungal infection acquired in the southwestern United States. This is the first study in over 2 decades to determine the seroincidence of Coccidioides immitis infections among U.S. military members performing training exercises in an area of endemicity. Only 8% of participants were aware of coccidioidomycosis, despite the majority having visited or lived previously in an area of endemicity. One (0.6%) of the 178 participants developed "definite" serologic evidence of infection over a 5-week training period; four (2.3%) additional patients developed "possible" coccidioidomycosis infections. None had complicated disease. The calculated annual incidence ranged from 6 to 32%. This study suggests that the risk of serious coccidioidomycosis is low among military personnel during desert training exercises; however, disease incidence may vary depending on specific activities and geographic factors. Due to the potential morbidity and mortality of this infection, preventative strategies, including vaccine development, are advocated. C1 USN Hosp, Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Div Infect Dis, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. USA, Training Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Ft Irwin, CA USA. Univ Calif Davis, Sch Med, Dept Med Microbiol & Immunol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Crum, NF (reprint author), USN Hosp, Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Div Infect Dis, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr Ste 5, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM nfcrum@nmcsd.med.navy.mil NR 18 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 42 IS 10 BP 4552 EP 4555 DI 10.1128/JCM.42.10.4552-4555.2004 PG 4 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 862EM UT WOS:000224473000021 PM 15472308 ER PT J AU Coyne, SR Craw, PD Norwood, DA Ulrich, MP AF Coyne, SR Craw, PD Norwood, DA Ulrich, MP TI Comparative analysis of the Schleicher and Schuell IsoCode Stix DNA isolation device and the Qiagen QIAamp DNA mini kit SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; TEMPLATE PREPARATION; EXTRACTION KITS; RAPID EXTRACTION; PCR; BLOOD; RECOVERY; COLLECTION; SEDIMENTS; SAMPLES AB Efficient, rapid, and reproducible procedures for isolating high-quality DNA before PCR gene amplification are essential for the diagnostic and molecular identification of pathogenic bacteria. This study evaluated the Qiagen QIAamp DNA Mini Kit and the Schleicher and Schuell IsoCode Stix DNA isolation device for isolating nucleic acid. Buffer, serum, and whole-blood samples were spiked with Bacillus anthracis Sterne vegetative cells and Yersinia pestis, while water was spiked with B. anthracis Sterne spores. Although minimal variations in limit of detection occurred among matrices, both the IsoCode Stix extraction method and the Qiagen procedure have comparable detection limits. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Diagnost Syst Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Goldbelt Raven LLC, Frederick, MD USA. RP Ulrich, MP (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Diagnost Syst Div, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM Melanie.Ulrich@amedd.army.mil NR 27 TC 24 Z9 27 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 42 IS 10 BP 4859 EP 4862 DI 10.1128/JCM.42.10.4859-4862.2004 PG 4 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 862EM UT WOS:000224473000076 PM 15472363 ER PT J AU O'Connor, JD Vollmerhausen, R Corbin, T AF O'Connor, JD Vollmerhausen, R Corbin, T TI Performance evaluations of a manual display mapping method SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC IMAGING LA English DT Article AB Current display algorithms employ a wide variety of intensity mapping schemes to convert the 10-14 bit digital sensor data to 6-8 bits for display These include histogram equalization, local area processing, and region of interest processing. Manual display mapping (MDM) differs from these algorithms because it allows the user to manipulate the displayed intensity of different regions of the sensor output by nonlinear mapping to pixel values. The user can thus allocate or "tune" pixel intensities (gray shades) to output regions expected to contain targets. Two experiments compare the identification (ID) performance of observers viewing low-resolution images and images blurred to simulate multiple ranges. In each experiment, images were processed with an automatic algorithm and MDM. Results indicate the expected MDM range performance improvement under typical infrared imaging conditions. (C) 2004 SPIE and IST. C1 USA, Res & Dev Command, Communicat Elect Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP O'Connor, JD (reprint author), USA, Res & Dev Command, Communicat Elect Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. EM john.oconnor@nvl.army.mil NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU I S & T - SOC IMAGING SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY PI SPRINGFIELD PA 7003 KILWORTH LANE, SPRINGFIELD, VA 22151 USA SN 1017-9909 J9 J ELECTRON IMAGING JI J. Electron. Imaging PD OCT PY 2004 VL 13 IS 4 BP 709 EP 713 DI 10.1117/1.1789980 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Engineering; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 865BV UT WOS:000224678400005 ER PT J AU Kim, S Perepezko, JH Dong, Z Edelstein, AS AF Kim, S Perepezko, JH Dong, Z Edelstein, AS TI Interface reaction between Ni and amorphous SiC SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Symposium on Phase Stability Phase Transformations and Reactive Phase Formation in Electronic Materials CY MAR 14-18, 2004 CL Charlotte, NC DE interface reaction; amorphous; SiC; Ni; nucleation phase-selection diagram ID INTERDIFFUSION; MULTILAYERS; FILMS AB A Ni/amorphous SiC (a-SiC) multilayered sample was prepared by ion-beam sputtering and was used as a model system to study the stability of metal contacts with a-SiC against interface reactions. The diffusion of Ni into the a-SiC layer as well as Si and C into the Ni layer takes place concurrently during the annealing process. An intermediate NiSi phase was identified in the Ni solution layer because of diffusion of Si and C resulting from the decomposition of a-SiC. A phase selection diagram has been developed that accounts for nucleation of the NiSi phase from the Ni solution layer. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Alberta, Dept Elect Engn, Edmonton, AB T6G 2V4, Canada. United States Army Res Lab, Sensor Integrat Branch, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Kim, S (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM perepezk@engr.wisc.edu NR 19 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 8 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 33 IS 10 BP 1064 EP 1070 DI 10.1007/s11664-004-0106-x PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 863PS UT WOS:000224574700003 ER PT J AU Yang, ZH Elgamal, A Adalier, K Sharp, MK AF Yang, ZH Elgamal, A Adalier, K Sharp, MK TI Earth dam on liquefiable foundation and remediation: Numerical simulation of centrifuge experiments SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING MECHANICS-ASCE LA English DT Article DE dams; earth; dam foundations; liquefaction; soil compaction; numerical models; earthquakes ID CYCLIC MOBILITY; SHEAR DEFORMATION; SOILS AB A series of four dynamic centrifuge model tests was performed to investigate the effect of foundation densification on the seismic performance of a zoned earth dam with a saturated sand foundation. In these experiments, thickness of the densified foundation layer was systematically increased, resulting in a comprehensive set of dam-foundation response data. Herein, Class-A and Class-B numerical simulations of these experiments are conducted using a two-phase (solid and fluid) fully coupled finite element code. This code incorporates a plasticity-based soil stress-strain model with the modeling parameters partially calibrated based on earlier studies. The physical and numerical models both indicate reduced deformations and increased crest accelerations with the increase in densified layer thickness. Overall, the differences between the computed and recorded dam displacements are under 50%. At most locations, the computed excess pore pressure and acceleration match the recorded counterparts reasonably well. Based on this study, directions for further improvement of the numerical model are suggested. C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Struct Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Struct Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Florida State Univ, Panama City, FL 32405 USA. USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Centrifuge Res Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Yang, ZH (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Struct Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. NR 31 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 2 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9399 J9 J ENG MECH-ASCE JI J. Eng. Mech.-ASCE PD OCT PY 2004 VL 130 IS 10 BP 1168 EP 1176 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(2004)130:10(1168) PG 9 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 863PU UT WOS:000224574900005 ER PT J AU Yozzo, DJ Wilber, P Will, RJ AF Yozzo, DJ Wilber, P Will, RJ TI Beneficial use of dredged material for habitat creation, enhancement, and restoration in New York-New Jersey Harbor SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE dredging; beneficial use; habitat restoration; New York; New Jersey ID ARTIFICIAL REEFS; SETTLEMENT; LARVAE AB A comprehensive Dredged Material Management Plan (DMMP) has been developed by the US Army Corps of Engineers, New York District (USACE-NYD) and the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey (PANY/NJ). The primary objective of the DMMP is to identify cost-effective and environmentally acceptable alternatives for the placement of dredged material derived from ongoing and proposed navigation improvements within the PANY/NJ. A significant portion of this dredged material is classified as unsuitable for open-ocean disposal. One suite of alternatives presented within the DMMP is the beneficial use of dredged material for habitat creation, enhancement, and restoration within the NY/NJ Harbor Estuary. Proposed beneficial use/habitat development projects include the use of dredged material for construction of artificial reefs, oyster reef restoration, intertidal wetland and mudflat creation, bathymetric recontouring, filling dead-end canals/basins, creation of bird/wildlife islands, and landfill/brownfields reclamation. Preliminary screening of the proposed beneficial use alternatives identified advantages, disadvantages, potential volumes, and estimated costs associated with each project type. Continued study of the proposed beneficial use alternatives has identified areas of environmental research or technology development where further investigation is warranted. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Barry A Vittor & Associates Inc, Lake Katrine, NY 12449 USA. NOAA, Coastal Serv Ctr, Charleston, SC 29405 USA. USA, Corp Engn, New York, NY 10278 USA. RP Yozzo, DJ (reprint author), Barry A Vittor & Associates Inc, 1973 Ulster Ave, Lake Katrine, NY 12449 USA. EM dyozzo@bvaenviro.com; pace.wilber@noaa.gov; robert.j.will@nan02.usace.army.mil NR 54 TC 42 Z9 47 U1 5 U2 30 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0301-4797 EI 1095-8630 J9 J ENVIRON MANAGE JI J. Environ. Manage. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 73 IS 1 BP 39 EP 52 DI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2004.05.008 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 861CZ UT WOS:000224395000004 PM 15327845 ER PT J AU Valenzuela, JG Garfield, M Rowton, ED Pham, VM AF Valenzuela, JG Garfield, M Rowton, ED Pham, VM TI Identification of the most abundant secreted proteins from the salivary glands of the sand fly Lutzomyia longipalpis, vector of Leishmania chagasi SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE salivary gland transcript; salivary protein; New World sand fly; Lutzomyia longipalpis; saliva ID TICK IXODES-SCAPULARIS; VASODILATORY PEPTIDE; BORRELIA-BURGDORFERI; HOST-RESISTANCE; TRANSMISSION; MAXADILAN; MOSQUITO; SIALOME; DATABASE; BINDING AB Using massive cDNA sequencing, proteomics and customized computational biology approaches, we have isolated and identified the most abundant secreted proteins from the salivary glands of the sand fly Lutzomyia longipalpis. Out of 550 randomly isolated clones from a full-length salivary gland cDNA library, we found 143 clusters or families of related proteins. Out of these 143 families, 35 were predicted to be secreted proteins. We confirmed, by Edman degradation of Lu. longipalpis salivary proteins, the presence of 17 proteins from this group. Full-length sequence for 35 cDNA messages for secretory proteins is reported, including an RGD-containing peptide, three members of the yellow-related family of proteins, maxadilan, a PpSP15-related protein, six members of a family of putative anticoagulants, an antigen 5-related protein, a D7-related protein, a cDNA belonging to the Cimex apyrase family of proteins, a protein homologous to a silk protein with amino acid repeats resembling extracellular matrix proteins, a 5'-nucleotidase, a peptidase, a palmitoyl-hydrolase, an endonuclease, nine novel peptides and four different groups of proteins with no homologies to any protein deposited in accessible databases. Sixteen of these proteins appear to be unique to sand flies. With this approach, we have tripled the number of isolated secretory proteins from this sand fly. Because of the relationship between the vertebrate host immune response to salivary proteins and protection to parasite infection, these proteins are promising markers for vector exposure and attractive targets for vaccine development to control Leishmania chagasi infection. C1 NIAID, Lab Malaria & Vector Res, Vector Mol Biol Unit, NIH, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. NIAID, Struct Biol Unit, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Valenzuela, JG (reprint author), NIAID, Lab Malaria & Vector Res, Vector Mol Biol Unit, NIH, 12735Twinbrook Pkwy,Room 2E-22C, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. EM jvalenzuela@niaid.nih.gov RI Rowton, Edgar/A-4474-2012; Rowton, Edgar/A-1975-2011 OI Rowton, Edgar/0000-0002-1979-1485 NR 46 TC 79 Z9 84 U1 2 U2 8 PU COMPANY OF BIOLOGISTS LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA BIDDER BUILDING CAMBRIDGE COMMERCIAL PARK COWLEY RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 4DL, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 0022-0949 J9 J EXP BIOL JI J. Exp. Biol. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 207 IS 21 BP 3717 EP 3729 DI 10.1242/jeb.01185 PG 13 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 870XW UT WOS:000225093200018 PM 15371479 ER PT J AU Montesi, J Elder, K Schmidt, RA Davis, RE AF Montesi, J Elder, K Schmidt, RA Davis, RE TI Sublimation of intercepted snow within a subalpine forest canopy at two elevations SO JOURNAL OF HYDROMETEOROLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Snow Processes - Representation in Atmospheric and Hydrological Models CY JUL, 2003 CL Sapporo, JAPAN SP Int Assoc Hydrol Sci, Int Assoc Meteorol & Atmospher Sci ID BLOWING SNOW; ENERGY-BALANCE; EVAPORATION; CONIFER; MODEL AB To determine how elevation affects the sublimation rate from intercepted snow within a subalpine forest canopy, a cut subalpine fir and an artificial conifer were weighed at each of two elevations ( 3230 and 2920 m) at a U. S. continental site (39degrees53'N, 105degrees54'W) from 1 January to 1 May 2001. Measured stand characteristics included canopy density (67% and 75%) and basal area (43.4 and 24.1 m(2) ha(-1)) for the higher and lower elevations, respectively. Temperature, relative humidity, net radiation, wind speed, and mass of snow on suspended trees provided data to determine whether sublimation rates of intercepted snow are more rapid at higher elevations associated with increased wind speed. Measurements showed the unexpected result that wind speed during sublimation periods was lower at higher elevations, probably because of terrain sheltering. The analysis examined 21 storm-free periods ranging in duration from 9 to 53 h. Sublimation rates per unit mass of intercepted snow were significantly larger at the lower-elevation site associated with warmer temperatures, lower relative humidity, and greater wind speeds. Application of meteorological data to an ice sphere model indicated that predicted mean sublimation rates of an ice sphere index were 23% +/- 7% more rapid at the lower elevation due to weather factors alone. However, greater snowfall at higher elevations produced greater interception, resulting in substantially more snow being sublimated back to the atmosphere at the upper site. Over the study period, sublimation of snow intercepted by the test trees amounted to 20% - 30% of total snowfall accumulated at the sites during the 21 storms selected for analysis. C1 Colorado State Univ, Dept Earth Resources, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO USA. USA, ERDC CRREL, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Montesi, J (reprint author), Idaho Snow Data Collect Off, USDA, Nat Resources Conservat Serv, 9173 W Barnes Dr,Suite C, Boise, ID 83709 USA. EM james.montesi@id.usda.gov NR 33 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 1525-755X J9 J HYDROMETEOROL JI J. Hydrometeorol. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 5 IS 5 BP 763 EP 773 DI 10.1175/1525-7541(2004)005<0763:SOISWA>2.0.CO;2 PG 11 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 867MT UT WOS:000224847400005 ER PT J AU Sicart, JE Pomeroy, JW Essery, RLH Hardy, J Link, T Marks, D AF Sicart, JE Pomeroy, JW Essery, RLH Hardy, J Link, T Marks, D TI A sensitivity study of daytime net radiation during snowmelt to forest canopy and atmospheric conditions SO JOURNAL OF HYDROMETEOROLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Snow Processes - Representation in Atmospheric and Hydrological Models CY JUL, 2003 CL Sapporo, JAPAN SP Int Assoc Hydrol Sci, Int Assoc Meteorol & Atmospher Sci ID BOREAL FOREST; ENERGY-BALANCE; HEAT-BALANCE; PREDICTION; SHORTWAVE; ABLATION; STAND AB This study investigates the dependence of net radiation at snow surfaces under forest canopies on the overlying canopy density. The daily sum of positive values of net radiation is used as an index of the snowmelt rate. Canopy cover is represented in terms of shortwave transmissivity and sky-view factor. The cases studied are a spruce forest in the Wolf Creek basin, Yukon Territory, Canada, and a pine forest near Fraser, Colorado. Of particular interest are the atmospheric conditions that favor an offset between shortwave energy attenuation and longwave irradiance enhancement by the canopy, such that net radiation does not decrease with increasing forest density. Such an offset is favored in dry climates and at high altitudes, where atmospheric emissivities are low, and in early spring when snow albedos are high and solar elevations are low. For low snow albedos, a steady decrease in snowmelt energy with increasing canopy cover is found, up to a forest density close to the actual densities of mature spruce forests. Snowmelt rates for high albedos are either insensitive or increase with increasing canopy cover. At both sites, foliage area indices close to 2 are associated with a minimum in net radiation, independent of snow albedo or cloud cover. However, these results are more uncertain for open forests because solar heating of trees may invalidate the longwave assumptions, increasing the longwave irradiance. C1 Univ Wales, Ctr Glaciol, Inst Geog & Earth Sci, Aberystwyth SY23 3DB, Dyfed, Wales. Univ Saskatchewan, Dept Geog, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. USA, ERDC, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Univ Idaho, Dept Forest Resources, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. ARS, NW Watershed Res Ctr, USDA, Boise, ID USA. RP Sicart, JE (reprint author), Univ Wales, Ctr Glaciol, Inst Geog & Earth Sci, Aberystwyth SY23 3DB, Dyfed, Wales. EM jms@aber.ac.uk RI Link, Timothy/G-5556-2012; Pomeroy, John/A-8589-2013; OI Pomeroy, John/0000-0002-4782-7457; Essery, Richard/0000-0003-1756-9095 NR 41 TC 75 Z9 77 U1 2 U2 15 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 1525-755X J9 J HYDROMETEOROL JI J. Hydrometeorol. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 5 IS 5 BP 774 EP 784 DI 10.1175/1525-7541(2004)005<0774:ASSODN>2.0.CO;2 PG 11 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 867MT UT WOS:000224847400006 ER PT J AU Scafetta, N West, BJ AF Scafetta, N West, BJ TI Complexity, multiresolution, non-stationarity and entropic scaling: Teen birth thermodynamics SO JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICAL SOCIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE fractals; time series; wavelet; teenagers; births AB This paper presents a statistical methodology for analyzing a complex phenomenon in which deterministic and scaling components are superimposed. Our approach is based on the wavelet multiresolution analysis combined with the scaling analysis of the entropy of a time series. The wavelet multiresolution analysis decomposes the signal in ascale-by-scalemanner. Thescale-by-scaledecomposition generates smooth and detail curves that are evaluated and studied. A wavelet-based smoothing filtering is used to estimate the daily birth rate and conception rate during the year. The scaling analysis is based on the Diffusion Entropy Analysis(DEA). The joint use of the DEA and the wavelet multiresolution analysis allows: 1) the separation of the deterministic and, therefore, non-scaling component from the scaling component of the signal; 2) the determination of the stochastic information characterizing the teen birth phenomenon at each time scale. The daily data cover the number of births phenomenon at each time scale. The daily data cover the number of births to teens in Texas during the period 1964-1999. C1 Duke Univ, Dept Phys, FELL, Durham, NC 27706 USA. RP West, BJ (reprint author), USA, Res Off, Div Math, 4300 S Miami Blvd, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM bruce.j.west@us.army.mil OI Scafetta, Nicola/0000-0003-0967-1911 NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0022-250X J9 J MATH SOCIOL JI J. Math. Sociol. PD OCT-DEC PY 2004 VL 28 IS 4 BP 229 EP 259 DI 10.1080/00222500490516680 PG 31 WC Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods; Sociology SC Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences; Sociology GA 865LO UT WOS:000224704800002 ER PT J AU Rogers, CJ AF Rogers, CJ TI The field & the forge SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Review C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Rogers, CJ (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY PI LEXINGTON PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA 24450-1600 USA SN 0899-3718 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 68 IS 4 BP 1233 EP 1239 DI 10.1353/jmh.2004.0228 PG 7 WC History SC History GA 861DP UT WOS:000224396600006 ER PT J AU Kautt, W AF Kautt, W TI Commemorating the Irish civil war: History and memory, 1923-2000. SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Command & Gen Staff Coll, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Kautt, W (reprint author), USA, Command & Gen Staff Coll, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY PI LEXINGTON PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA 24450-1600 USA SN 0899-3718 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 68 IS 4 BP 1278 EP 1280 DI 10.1353/jmh.2004.0206 PG 3 WC History SC History GA 861DP UT WOS:000224396600038 ER PT J AU Bielakowski, AM AF Bielakowski, AM TI American iliad: The 18th infantry regiment in World War II. SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Command & Gen Staff Coll, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Bielakowski, AM (reprint author), USA, Command & Gen Staff Coll, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY PI LEXINGTON PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA 24450-1600 USA SN 0899-3718 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 68 IS 4 BP 1293 EP 1294 DI 10.1353/jmh.2004.0168 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 861DP UT WOS:000224396600050 ER PT J AU Gibby, BR AF Gibby, BR TI On hallowed ground: The last battle for Pork Chop Hill. SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Gibby, BR (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY PI LEXINGTON PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA 24450-1600 USA SN 0899-3718 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 68 IS 4 BP 1308 EP 1309 DI 10.1353/jmh.2004.0195 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 861DP UT WOS:000224396600062 ER PT J AU Raines, EF AF Raines, EF TI Oxford atlas of American military history SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Ctr Mil Hist, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Raines, EF (reprint author), USA, Ctr Mil Hist, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY PI LEXINGTON PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA 24450-1600 USA SN 0899-3718 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 68 IS 4 BP 1317 EP 1319 DI 10.1353/jmh.2004.0223 PG 3 WC History SC History GA 861DP UT WOS:000224396600069 ER PT J AU Ma, Z Moss, P Fu, R Au, G Plichta, EJ Zheng, JP AF Ma, Z Moss, P Fu, R Au, G Plichta, EJ Zheng, JP TI Investigation of Li-LixV2O5 rechargeable batteries at different charged states using NMR spectroscopy SO JOURNAL OF NEW MATERIALS FOR ELECTROCHEMICAL SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE LixV2O5 cathode; Li-7 NMR; V-51 NMR ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; CYCLE-LIFE IMPROVEMENT; LI-7 NMR; LITHIUM INTERCALATION; HARD CARBON; V-51 NMR; LIXV2O5; V2O5 AB Li rechargeable cells made with structural arrangement Li/membrane/ LixV2O5 were examined under three states using NMR spectroscopy; these states are charged, discharged, and over-cycled. Li-7 NMR signals at chemical shifts of 0 ppm and around -20 ppm from the resonance frequency, which corresponds to the Li ions from the residual electrolyte at the cathode surface and inside the cathode material of LixV2O5, respectively, were obtained from LixV2O5 samples in both charged and discharged cells. From nuclear spin-lattice relaxation time (T-1) measurements, two components due to the Li ions in the electrode surface region and inside the bulk of LixV2O5 particles were obtained from charged cell. The V-51 NMR spectra were virtually identical for LixV2O5 from the charged and over-cycled cells; however the intensity of V-51 NMR signal from the discharged cell was significantly lower due to paramagnetic V+4 and V+3 species. C1 Florida A&M Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. Florida State Univ, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Ctr Interdisciplinary Magnet Resonance, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. USA, Commun Elect Command, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. Florida State Univ, Ctr Adv Power Syst, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. RP Zheng, JP (reprint author), Florida A&M Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. EM zheng@eng.fsu.edu NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 9 PU ECOLE POLYTECHNIQUE MONTREAL PI MONTREAL PA C P 6079, SUCC CENTRE-VILLE, MONTREAL, PQ H3C 3A7, CANADA SN 1480-2422 J9 J NEW MAT ELECTR SYS JI J. New Mat.Electrochem. Syst. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 7 IS 4 BP 269 EP 273 PG 5 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA 878FQ UT WOS:000225632500003 ER PT J AU Williams, AJ Tortella, FC Lu, XM Moreton, JE Hartings, JA AF Williams, AJ Tortella, FC Lu, XM Moreton, JE Hartings, JA TI Antiepileptic drug treatment of nonconvulsive seizures induced by experimental focal brain ischemia SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article ID INTENSIVE-CARE-UNIT; CONVULSIVE STATUS EPILEPTICUS; SODIUM-CHANNEL BLOCKER; CONTINUOUS EEG; THERAPEUTIC WINDOW; SPECTRAL-ANALYSIS; DELTA-ACTIVITY; KINDLED RATS; MODEL; VALPROATE AB Nonconvulsive seizures (NCSs) after traumatic and ischemic brain injury are often refractory to antiepileptic drug therapy and are associated with a decline in patient outcome. We recently characterized an in vivo rat model of focal brain ischemia-induced NCS and here sought to evaluate potential pharmacological treatments. Electroencephalographic activity was recorded continuously for 24 h in freely behaving rats subjected to permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo). Rats were treated with an antiepileptic drug from one of seven different drug classes at ED50 and 2 x ED50 doses (as reported in other rat seizure models), delivered as a single i.v. injection 20 min post-MCAo. Vehicle-treated rats (n=9) had an 89% incidence of NCS with an average number of NCS of 8.6+/-1.9. The latency to onset of NCS was 32.5+/-3.4 min post-MCAo with an average duration of 49.1+/-8.2 s/event. The high doses of ethosuximide, gabapentin, fos-phenytoin, and valproate significantly reduced the incidence of NCS (11, 14, 14, and 38%, respectively), whereas midazolam, phenobarbital, and dextromethorphan had no significant effect at either dose. Across treatment groups, there was a low but significant correlation between the number of NCS events per animal and volume of brain infarction (r=0.352). Antiepileptic drug therapy that prevented the occurrence of NCS also reduced mortality from 26 to 7%. Based on combined effects on NCS, infarction, neurological recovery, and mortality, ethosuximide and gabapentin were identified as having the best therapeutic profile. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, Dept Appl Neurobiol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RP Williams, AJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, Dept Appl Neurobiol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM anthony.williams@na.amedd.army.mil NR 40 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC PHARMACOLOGY EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3995 USA SN 0022-3565 J9 J PHARMACOL EXP THER JI J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 311 IS 1 BP 220 EP 227 DI 10.1124/jpet.104.069146 PG 8 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 854IK UT WOS:000223896100026 PM 15140918 ER PT J AU Patil, AS Dubois, TG Sifer, N Bostic, E Gardner, K Quah, M Bolton, C AF Patil, AS Dubois, TG Sifer, N Bostic, E Gardner, K Quah, M Bolton, C TI Portable fuel cell systems for America's army: technology transition to the field SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 23rd International Power Sources Symposium CY SEP 22-24, 2003 CL Amsterdam, NETHERLANDS DE applications/military (manpack and APU); fuel cells/PEM; fuel cells/solid oxide; hydrogen storage AB The US Army Communications, Electronics Research Development and Engineering Center (CERDEC) envisions three thrust areas for portable fuel cell systems for military applications. These areas include soldier power ( < 500 W), sensor power (0-100 W), and auxiliary power units or APUs (0.5-10 kW). Soldier and sensor fuel cell systems may be man-portable/backpackable while APUs could be employed as squad battery chargers or as 'Silent Watch' APUs where low signature (acoustic, thermal, etc.) operation is a requirement. The Army's research and development efforts are focusing on methods of either storing or generating hydrogen on the battlefield. Hydrogen storage technology is considered critical to small military and/or commercial fuel cell systems, and is being pursued in a host of commercial and government programs. CERDEC, in a joint effort with the Army Research Office (ARO) and the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), is developing several promising hydrogen generating technologies. The goal of this program is a safe, reliable hydrogen source that can provide rates up to 100 W with an energy density of greater than 1000 Wh/kg. For larger fuel cell units ( > 500 W), it is imperative that the fuel cell power units be able to operate on fuels within the military logistics chain [DOD 4140.25-M, DOD Directive 4140.25 (1993)]. CERDEC is currently conducting research on catalysts and microchannel fuel reformers that offer great promise for the reforming of diesel and JP-8 fuels into hydrogen. In addition to research work on PEM fuel cells and enabling technologies, the Army is also conducting research on direct methanol and solid oxide fuel cells, and combined heat and power applications utilizing new high temperature fuel cells. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Commun & Elect Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Command & Control Directorate, Power Div,Environm Syst & Fuel Cell Technol Branc, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Patil, AS (reprint author), USA, Commun & Elect Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Command & Control Directorate, Power Div,Environm Syst & Fuel Cell Technol Branc, 10125 Gratiot Rd Suite 100, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. EM apatil@nvl.army.mil NR 3 TC 90 Z9 94 U1 5 U2 31 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD OCT 1 PY 2004 VL 136 IS 2 SI SI BP 220 EP 225 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2004.03.009 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 860RR UT WOS:000224361200005 ER PT J AU Estes, AC Welch, RW Ressler, SJ AF Estes, AC Welch, RW Ressler, SJ TI Questioning: Bring your students along on the journey SO JOURNAL OF PROFESSIONAL ISSUES IN ENGINEERING EDUCATION AND PRACTICE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Civil & Mech Engn, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Estes, AC (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Civil & Mech Engn, W Point, NY 10996 USA. EM Allen.Estes@usma.edu; Ronald.Welch@usma.edu; Stephen.Ressier@usma.edu NR 3 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 1052-3928 J9 J PROF ISS ENG ED PR JI J. Prof. Issues Eng. Educ. Pract. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 130 IS 4 BP 237 EP 242 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)1052-3928(2004)130:4(237) PG 6 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Education & Educational Research; Engineering GA 865BE UT WOS:000224676700001 ER PT J AU Cardello, AV Schutz, HG AF Cardello, AV Schutz, HG TI Research note - Numerical scale-point locations for constructing the LAM (labeled affective magnitude) scale SO JOURNAL OF SENSORY STUDIES LA English DT Article AB In a recent paper, we described the development and application of a labeled affective magnitude (LAM) scale for assessing liking/disliking (Schutz and Cardello 2001). Here we present the exact numerical scale-point locations corresponding to the verbal labels of the scale, so that investigators can easily construct the LAM scale for use with either paper or computer-based ballots. C1 USA, Natrick Soldier Ctr, Supporting Sci & Technol Directorate, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Cardello, AV (reprint author), USA, Natrick Soldier Ctr, Supporting Sci & Technol Directorate, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM armand.cardello@natick.army.mil NR 3 TC 43 Z9 45 U1 1 U2 4 PU FOOD NUTRITION PRESS INC PI TRUMBULL PA 6527 MAIN ST, P O BOX 374, TRUMBULL, CT 06611 USA SN 0887-8250 J9 J SENS STUD JI J. Sens. Stud. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 19 IS 4 BP 341 EP 346 DI 10.1111/j.1745-459X.2004.tb00152.x PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 865NT UT WOS:000224710500006 ER PT J AU Munson, B Solomon, NP AF Munson, B Solomon, NP TI The effect of phonological neighborhood density on vowel articulation SO JOURNAL OF SPEECH LANGUAGE AND HEARING RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE phonological neighborhood density; word frequency; vowels; acoustic measurements; adults ID ACOUSTIC CHARACTERISTICS; SPEECH PRODUCTION; FREQUENCY; DURATION; CHILDREN; ADULTS; WORDS AB Recent literature suggests that Phonological neighborhood density and word frequency can affect speech production, in addition to the well-documented effects that they have on speech perception. This article describes 2 experiments that examined how phonological neighborhood density influences the durations and formant frequencies of adults' productions of vowels in real words. In Experiment 1, 10 normal speakers produced words that covaried in phonological neighborhood density and word frequency. Infrequent words with many phonological neighbors were produced with shorter durations and more expanded vowel spaces than frequent words with few phonological neighbors. Results of this experiment confirmed that this effect was not related to the duration of the vowels constituting the high- and low-density words. In Experiment 2, 15 adults produced words that varied in both word frequency and neighborhood density. Neighborhood density affected vowel articulation in both high- and low-frequency words. Moreover, frequent words were produced with more contracted vowel spaces than infrequent words. There was no interaction between these factors, and the vowel duration did not vary as a function of neighborhood density. Taken together, the results suggest that neighborhood density affects vowel production independent of word frequency and vowel duration. C1 Univ Minnesota, Dept Speech Language Hearing Sci, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Munson, B (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Speech Language Hearing Sci, 115 Shevlin Hall,164 Pillsbury Dr SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. EM Munso005@umn.edu FU NIDCD NIH HHS [R03 DC 05702, R03 DC006096, R03 DC005702, R03 DC 06096] NR 25 TC 95 Z9 95 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER SPEECH-LANGUAGE-HEARING ASSOC PI ROCKVILLE PA 10801 ROCKVILLE PIKE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20852-3279 USA SN 1092-4388 J9 J SPEECH LANG HEAR R JI J. Speech Lang. Hear. Res. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 47 IS 5 BP 1048 EP 1058 DI 10.1044/1092-4388(2004/078) PG 11 WC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Linguistics; Rehabilitation SC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Linguistics; Rehabilitation GA 970DP UT WOS:000232285700008 PM 15605431 ER PT J AU Wilson, DK Ostashev, VE Collier, SL AF Wilson, DK Ostashev, VE Collier, SL TI Time-domain equations for sound propagation in rigid-frame porous media (L) SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID ACOUSTICAL CHARACTERISTICS; MODELS AB A general set of time-domain equations describing linear sound propagation in a rigid-frame, gas-saturated porous medium is derived. The equations, which are valid for all frequencies, are based on a relaxational model for the viscous and thermal diffusion processes occuring in the pores. The dissipative terms in the equations involve convolutions of the acoustic fields with the impulse response of the medium. It is shown that the equations reduce to previously known results in the limits of low and high frequencies. Alternative time-domain equations are also derived based on a Pade approximation. C1 US Army Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. New Mexico State Univ, Phys Dept, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. NOAA Environm Technol Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. US Army Res Lab, AMSRD ARL CI EE, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Wilson, DK (reprint author), US Army Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM d.keith.wilson@erdc.usace.army.mil RI Wilson, D. Keith/A-4687-2012 OI Wilson, D. Keith/0000-0002-8020-6871 NR 14 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 4 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 116 IS 4 BP 1889 EP 1892 DI 10.1121/1.1785691 PN 1 PG 4 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 864TK UT WOS:000224655600001 ER PT J AU Lentz, JJ Leek, MR Molis, MR AF Lentz, JJ Leek, MR Molis, MR TI The effect of onset asynchrony on profile analysis by normal-hearing and hearing-impaired listeners SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID AUDITORY FILTER SHAPES; SPECTRAL CONTRAST; INTENSITY DISCRIMINATION; INTERNAL REPRESENTATION; LEVEL DISCRIMINATION; NOTCHED-NOISE; GAP DETECTION; FREQUENCY; BANDWIDTH; MASKING AB The effect of onset asynchrony on discrimination of spectral shape was evaluated for hearing-impaired and normal-hearing listeners. Stimuli were the sum of four tones equally spaced on a logarithmic frequency scale. The standard stimulus had tones of equal amplitude, and the signal stimulus had two adjacent components increased in level, and the other two components decreased in level. Thresholds for discrimination between the standard and signal stimuli were measured as a function of an onset asynchrony among the components of 0, 50, and 200 ins. Hearing-impaired and normal-hearing listeners had similar thresholds when the stimulus components were widely spaced in frequency, but hearing-impaired listeners had much higher thresholds for narrowly spaced components. Excitation pattern analyses indicated that listeners may use spectral peaks in the stimulus rather than the change in excitation across the full stimulus bandwidth for spectral shape discrimination tasks. Increasing temporal asynchrony of components resulted in increased thresholds for both groups of listeners to a greater extent in the wide span than the narrow span. Reduced effects of onset asynchrony in the narrow span suggest that spectral resolvability of components plays an important role in the processing of onset asynchrony across frequency. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Indiana Univ, Dept Speech & Hearing Sci, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Army Audiol & Speech Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Lentz, JJ (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Dept Speech & Hearing Sci, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. EM jjlentz@indiana.edu FU NIDCD NIH HHS [DC 005835, DC 00626] NR 33 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 116 IS 4 BP 2289 EP 2297 DI 10.1121/1.1787125 PN 1 PG 9 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 864TK UT WOS:000224655600043 PM 15532660 ER PT J AU Lin, KM Patel, TH Ray, A Ota, M Jacobs, L Kuvshinoff, B Chung, M Watson, M Ota, DM AF Lin, KM Patel, TH Ray, A Ota, M Jacobs, L Kuvshinoff, B Chung, M Watson, M Ota, DM TI Intradermal radioisotope is superior to peritumoral blue dye or radioisotope in identifying breast cancer sentinel nodes SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF SURGEONS LA English DT Article ID LYMPH-NODE; AXILLARY DISSECTION; GAMMA-PROBE; BIOPSY; LYMPHADENECTOMY; LYMPHOSCINTIGRAPHY; IDENTIFICATION; CARCINOMA; GUIDELINES; INJECTION AB BACKGROUND: Sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping and biopsy have emerged as the technique of choice for axillary staging of breast cancer. Several methods have been developed to identify SLNs, including peritumoral or intradermal injection of isosulfan blue dye or technetium sulfur colloid (TSC). We hypothesize that intradermal TSC is the optimal mapping technique and can be used alone to identify SLNs. STUDY DESIGN: From March 1997 through January 2001, 180 women with T1 and T2 invasive breast cancer and clinically negative axilla underwent SLN mapping and biopsy. Peritumoral TSC was injected in 74 patients, 62 of whom also received peritumoral blue dye. Intradermal TSC (above tumor) was performed in 94 patients, 76 of whom also received peritumoral blue dye. Technetium-rich nodes were identified intraoperatively using a hand-held gamma probe and blue nodes were identified visually. Hematoxylin- and eosin-stained SLN sections were examined by light microscopy for breast cancer metastases. RESULTS: Overall, the SLN mapping procedures were successful in 91% of patients. Peritumoral and intradermal TSC were successful in identifying SLNs in 78% and 97% of patients, respectively. Peritumorally injected isosulfan blue was successful in identifying 83% of SLNs. Intradermal TSC was found to be superior to peritumoral TSC and peritumoral blue dye in identifying SLNs (p = 0.00094, chi-squared, and p = 0.020, ANOVA). CONCLUSIONS: SLN mapping by intradermal TSC has a significantly higher success rate than peritumoral TSC or blue dye. There was minimal benefit in identifying additional SLNs with addition of peritumoral blue dye to intradermal TSC. So, SLN mapping and biopsy using intradermal-injected TSC can be used alone to effectively stage the axilla for breast cancer. (C) 2004 by the American College of Surgeons. C1 Kaiser Permanente Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Honolulu, HI 96819 USA. Univ Hawaii, John A Burns Sch Med, Dept Surg, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Univ Missouri, Ellis Fischel Canc Ctr, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. Johns Hopkins Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA. Roswell Pk Canc Inst, Buffalo, NY 14263 USA. Med Coll Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. RP Lin, KM (reprint author), Kaiser Permanente Med Ctr, Dept Surg, 3288 Moanalua Rd, Honolulu, HI 96819 USA. NR 40 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1072-7515 J9 J AM COLL SURGEONS JI J. Am. Coll. Surg. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 199 IS 4 BP 561 EP 566 DI 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2004.06.018 PG 6 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 860UI UT WOS:000224368400007 PM 15454139 ER PT J AU Paris, IL Krueger, R O'Brien, TK AF Paris, IL Krueger, R O'Brien, TK TI Effect of assumed damage and location on delamination onset for skin-stiffener debonding SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HELICOPTER SOCIETY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the American-Helicopter-Society-Structures-Specialists CY OCT 30-NOV 01, 2001 CL Williamsburg, VA AB The difference in delamination onset predictions based on the type and location of the assumed initial damage are compared in a specimen consisting of a tapered flange laminate bonded to a skin laminate. From previous experimental work, the damage was identified to consist of a matrix crack in the top skin layer followed by a delamination between the top and second skin layer (+45degrees/-45degrees interface). Two-dimensional finite elements analyses were performed for three different assumed flaws and the results show a considerable reduction in critical load if an initial delamination is assumed to be present, both under tension and bending loads. For a crack length corresponding to the peak in the strain energy release rate, the delamination onset load for an assumed initial flaw in the bondline is slightly higher than the critical load for delamination onset from an assumed skin matrix crack, both under tension and bending loads. As a result, assuming an initial flaw in the bondline is simpler while providing a critical load relatively close to the real case. For the configuration studied, a small delamination might form at a lower tension load than the critical load calculated for a 12.7 mm (0.5") delamination, but it would grow in a stable manner. For the bending case, assuming an initial flaw of 12.7 mm (0.5") is conservative, but the crack would grow unstably. C1 NASA, Langley Res Ctr, USA Res Lab, Vehicle Technol Directorate, Hampton, VA 23665 USA. Natl Inst Aerosp, Hampton, VA USA. RP Paris, IL (reprint author), NASA, Langley Res Ctr, USA Res Lab, Vehicle Technol Directorate, Hampton, VA 23665 USA. RI Krueger, Ronald/G-5356-2015 NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER HELICOPTER SOC INC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 217 N WASHINGTON ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0002-8711 J9 J AM HELICOPTER SOC JI J. Am. Helicopter Soc. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 49 IS 4 BP 501 EP 507 PG 7 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 866JX UT WOS:000224770900012 ER PT J AU Simpson, M Earles, J Folen, R Trammel, R James, L AF Simpson, M Earles, J Folen, R Trammel, R James, L TI The tripler army medical center's LE(3)AN program: A six-month retrospective analysis of program effectiveness for African-American and European-American females SO JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE obesity; weight management; culture ID CARDIOVASCULAR RISK-FACTORS; MODEST WEIGHT-LOSS; UNITED-STATES; OBESITY; OVERWEIGHT; PREVALENCE; ADULTS AB This is a retrospective study that examines the effectiveness of the Tripler Army Medical Center (TAMC) LE(3)AN Program for weight management among African-American and European American women. African-American and European-American active-duty females who enrolled in the TAMC LE(3)AN Program between July 1998 and December 2001, and completed six months of follow-up were included in the analysis. The results indicate that the program is associated with significant weight loss for participants, and that it is equally effective for African-American and European-American women. Weekly follow-up visits were correlated with greater weight loss. C1 Argosy Univ, Albuquerque, NM 87199 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Simpson, M (reprint author), Argosy Univ, POB 92283, Albuquerque, NM 87199 USA. EM mssimpso@amhd.health.state.hi.us NR 25 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL MED ASSOC PI WASHINGON PA 1012 10TH ST, N W, WASHINGON, DC 20001 USA SN 0027-9684 J9 J NATL MED ASSOC JI J. Natl. Med. Assoc. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 96 IS 10 BP 1332 EP 1336 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 859JG UT WOS:000224258600031 PM 15540884 ER PT J AU Brockett, PL Cooper, WW Kumbhakar, SC Kwinn, MJ McCarthy, D AF Brockett, PL Cooper, WW Kumbhakar, SC Kwinn, MJ McCarthy, D TI Alternative statistical regression studies of the effects of Joint and Service Specific advertising on military recruitment SO JOURNAL OF THE OPERATIONAL RESEARCH SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE advertising; military recruitment; statistical regression; data envelopment analysis ID EFFICIENCY EVALUATION AB Three different regression approaches use a large database developed by the Wharton Center for Applied Research (WCAR) to study the effects of Joint versus Service Specific advertising on military recruitment. ( Here 'Joint' refers to advertising designed to serve recruitment for all four services simultaneously. Service Specific refers to advertising administered separately by each of the four services.) These regression approaches and the data and models are examined with special reference to US Army recruitment. The WCAR study led to a recommendation to replace Service Specific with Joint advertising. This recommendation was called into question by the RAND Corporation in its study that used a different regression approach. A third study that combines regressions with data envelopment analysis (DEA) is presented in this paper. This study utilizes recently developed methods based on DEA which, when incorporated in the regression, make it possible to distinguish between efficient and inefficient performances. The resulting regression yields results that show Joint advertising to be not only less efficient but also to attract potential recruits from the Army to other services. Implications for further research are set forth, which can also cast light on commercial practice by regarding Joint as a type of 'category advertising' and Service Specific as a type of 'brand advertising'. C1 Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. SUNY Binghamton, Binghamton, NY USA. US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Cooper, WW (reprint author), Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. EM cooperw@mail.utexas.edu NR 19 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 5 U2 13 PU PALGRAVE PUBLISHERS LTD PI BASINGSTOKE PA BRUNEL RD BLDG, HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, HANTS, ENGLAND SN 0160-5682 J9 J OPER RES SOC JI J. Oper. Res. Soc. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 55 IS 10 BP 1039 EP 1048 DI 10.1057/palgrave.jors.2601737 PG 10 WC Management; Operations Research & Management Science SC Business & Economics; Operations Research & Management Science GA 858FD UT WOS:000224175300003 ER PT J AU Cheuvront, SN Carter, R Montain, SJ Stephenson, LA Sawka, MN AF Cheuvront, SN Carter, R Montain, SJ Stephenson, LA Sawka, MN TI Influence of hydration and airflow on thermoregulatory control in the heat SO JOURNAL OF THERMAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Thermal Physiology Symposium CY OCT 10-15, 2004 CL Rhodes, GREECE DE dehydration; fluid balance; sweating; skin blood flow; convection; heat strain ID CARDIOVASCULAR DRIFT; SKIN TEMPERATURE; SWEATING RATE; EXERCISE; HYPOHYDRATION; HUMANS; STRESS; ACCLIMATION; ENVIRONMENT; RESPONSES AB Exercise-heat exposure results in significant sweat losses due to large biophysical requirements for evaporative heat loss. Progressive body water losses will increase plasma tonicity and decrease blood volume (hypertonic-hypovolemia). The result is reduced dry and evaporative heat exchange through alterations in the core temperature threshold for initiation of skin blood flow and sweating as well as changes in the sensitivity of these thermo-effectors. Regulation of reduced sweating conserves body water, which reduces heat loss and increases exercise hyperthermia, but the magnitude of this effect is modified by environmental heat transfer capabilities. The focus of this paper is to (1) examine the major mechanisms by which hypohydration alters thermoregulatory responses in the heat, and (2) illustrate how important differences in environmental airflow characteristics between laboratory and field settings may modify these effects. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Sawka, MN (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM michael.sawka@na.amedd.army.mil NR 45 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 9 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0306-4565 J9 J THERM BIOL JI J. Therm. Biol. PD OCT-DEC PY 2004 VL 29 IS 7-8 BP 471 EP 477 DI 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2004.08.016 PG 7 WC Biology; Zoology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Zoology GA 861VJ UT WOS:000224446400020 ER PT J AU Moran, DS Pandolf, KB Vitalis, A Heled, Y Parker, R Gonzalez, RR AF Moran, DS Pandolf, KB Vitalis, A Heled, Y Parker, R Gonzalez, RR TI The role of solar and UV radiation in environmental stress assessment SO JOURNAL OF THERMAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Thermal Physiology Symposium CY OCT 10-15, 2004 CL Rhodes, GREECE DE heat load; heat stress; ambient temperature; exercise; index AB The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of ultraviolet (UV) radiation in environmental assessment. Analysis of two meteorological databases, from Israel and New Zealand, used in this study revealed that the UV radiation component in the environmental stress assessment was not significant. However, because of the health hazards, an independent UV index should be implemented and used for preventing acute and chronic injuries. A prediction of UV radiation from solar radiation measurement would be a great benefit for such an index. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Chaim Sheba Med Ctr, Heller Inst Med Res, IL-52621 Tel Hashomer, Israel. USA, Res Inst Environm Med, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Massey Univ, Palmerston North, New Zealand. Forestry Res Inst Rotorua, Ctr Human Factors & Ergon, Rotorua, New Zealand. RP Moran, DS (reprint author), Chaim Sheba Med Ctr, Heller Inst Med Res, IL-52621 Tel Hashomer, Israel. EM dmoran@sheba.health.gov.il NR 8 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0306-4565 J9 J THERM BIOL JI J. Therm. Biol. PD OCT-DEC PY 2004 VL 29 IS 7-8 BP 529 EP 533 DI 10.1016/k.ktherbio.2004.08.022 PG 5 WC Biology; Zoology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Zoology GA 861VJ UT WOS:000224446400027 ER PT J AU Moran, DS Pandolf, KB Vitalis, A Heled, Y Parker, R Gonzalez, RR AF Moran, DS Pandolf, KB Vitalis, A Heled, Y Parker, R Gonzalez, RR TI Evaluation of the environmental stress index (ESI) for the southern hemisphere SO JOURNAL OF THERMAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Thermal Physiology Symposium CY OCT 10-15, 2004 CL Rhodes, GREECE DE heat; heat load; ambient temperature; solar radiation; UV radiation AB The environmental stress index (ESI), constructed from ambient temperature, relative humidity, and solar radiation, was further evaluated from databases collected in Israel and New Zealand. High correlations were found between ESI and WBGT (R-2 = 0.959 and R-2 = 0.973 for Israel and New Zealand, respectively). However, for the New Zealand database, residuals were not distributed symmetrically around the zero line, which might be due to the difference in the global radiation spectrum. The ultraviolet radiation measurements were significantly higher in New Zealand than in Israel. As a consequence, a correction factor might be needed for ESI to be used in the southern hemisphere. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Chaim Sheba Med Ctr, Heller Inst Med Res, IL-52621 Tel Hashomer, Israel. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Massey Univ, Palmerston North, New Zealand. Forestry Res Inst Rotorua, Ctr Human Factors & Ergon, Rotorua, New Zealand. RP Moran, DS (reprint author), Chaim Sheba Med Ctr, Heller Inst Med Res, IL-52621 Tel Hashomer, Israel. EM dmoran@sheba.health.gov.il NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0306-4565 J9 J THERM BIOL JI J. Therm. Biol. PD OCT-DEC PY 2004 VL 29 IS 7-8 BP 535 EP 538 DI 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2004.08.025 PG 4 WC Biology; Zoology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Zoology GA 861VJ UT WOS:000224446400028 ER PT J AU Moran, DS Endrusick, TL Santee, WR Berglund, LG Kolka, MA AF Moran, DS Endrusick, TL Santee, WR Berglund, LG Kolka, MA TI Evaluation of the cold strain index (CSI) for peripheral cold environmental stress SO JOURNAL OF THERMAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Thermal Physiology Symposium CY OCT 10-15, 2004 CL Rhodes, GREECE DE frostbite; ambient temperature; hypothermia; core temperature; skin temperature ID RESPONSES; EXPOSURE AB The purpose of this study was to evaluate the cold strain index (CSI) for peripheral environmental stress using data from a previous footwear study. Eight men (20 +/- 2 yr) dressed in protective cold weather clothing with varying footwear underwent 5 days of cold air (-23.4 degreesC) testing while attempting to sit for 240 min. Rectal, skin, and toe temperatures (T-toe) were continuously measured. All test exposures were ended after 50-165 min due to cold foot discomfort or T-toe < 5 degreesC. However, CSI values indicated little cold strain. Therefore, we revised CSI to include peripheral cold assessment, which was found to be consistent with subject behavior and measured low T-toe. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Biophys & Biomed Modeling Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Moran, DS (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Biophys & Biomed Modeling Div, Bldg 42, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM dmoran@sheba.health.gov.il NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0306-4565 J9 J THERM BIOL JI J. Therm. Biol. PD OCT-DEC PY 2004 VL 29 IS 7-8 BP 543 EP 547 DI 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2004.08.023 PG 5 WC Biology; Zoology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Zoology GA 861VJ UT WOS:000224446400030 ER PT J AU Gurney, J Philbin, N Rice, J Arnaud, F Dong, F Wulster-Radcliffe, M Pearce, LB Kaplan, L McCarron, R Freilich, D AF Gurney, J Philbin, N Rice, J Arnaud, F Dong, F Wulster-Radcliffe, M Pearce, LB Kaplan, L McCarron, R Freilich, D TI A hemoglobin based oxygen carrier, bovine polymerized hemoglobin (HBOC-201) versus hetastarch (HEX) in an uncontrolled liver injury hemorrhagic shock swine model with delayed evacuation SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE combat casualty; hemorrhagic shock; swine; HBOC-201; hextend; liver injury; uncontrolled hemorrhage ID SMALL-VOLUME RESUSCITATION; HYPOTENSIVE RESUSCITATION; ORGAN FAILURE; TISSUE OXYGENATION; HYPERTONIC SALINE; NITRIC-OXIDE; TRAUMA; MORTALITY; DEFICIT; REQUIREMENTS AB Background: As HBOC-201 improves outcome in animals with hemorrhagic shock (HS), we compared HBOC-201 and HEX (used by U.S. military special operations forces) in a swine model of delayed evacuation and uncontrolled HS. Methods: Twenty-four Yucatan pigs underwent a grade HI liver injury and were resuscitated with HBOC-201, HEX, or no fluid (NON). Additional infusions were given for hypotension or tachycardia. After 4 hours, the liver was repaired; IV fluids and blood transfusions were administered. Pigs were monitored for 72 hours. Results: Survival was 7/8, 1/8, and 1/8 in HBOC-201-, HEX-, and NON-resuscitated pigs, respectively. Compared with HEX, HBOC-201 pigs had higher systemic and pulmonary artery pressures and had comparable cardiac outputs, but were less tachycardic. Transcutaneous tissue oxygenation was restored more rapidly in HBOC-201 pigs, there was a trend to lower lactic acid, and base deficit was less. HBOC-201 pigs had lower fluid requirements, higher urine output, and lower blood loss than HEX pigs. Conclusions: Despite evidence of vasoactivity, HBOC-201 more effectively stabilized tissue oxygenation, reversed anaerobic metabolism, decreased bleeding, and increased survival in comparison with HEX. If confirmed in clinical trials, these data suggest that for the resuscitation of combat casualties with delayed evacuation and uncontrolled HS due to solid organ injury, HBOC-201 is a superior low-volume resuscitative fluid. C1 USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Biopure Corp, Cambridge, MA USA. Yale Univ, Sch Med, New Haven, CT USA. RP Philbin, N (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr, 2N77 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM philbinn@NMRC.NAVY.MIL NR 40 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD OCT PY 2004 VL 57 IS 4 BP 726 EP 738 DI 10.1097/01.TA.0000147520.84792.B4 PG 13 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 871EN UT WOS:000225112300011 PM 15514525 ER PT J AU Hogan, RJ Cao, GP Rowe, T Bell, P Flieder, D Paragas, J Kobinger, GP Wivel, NA Crystal, RG Boyer, J Feldmann, H Voss, TG Wilson, JM AF Hogan, RJ Cao, GP Rowe, T Bell, P Flieder, D Paragas, J Kobinger, GP Wivel, NA Crystal, RG Boyer, J Feldmann, H Voss, TG Wilson, JM TI Resolution of primary severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus infection requires Stat1 SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID SYNDROME SARS; TARGETED DISRUPTION; LUNG PATHOLOGY; MICE; REPLICATION; IMMUNITY; VIRUS AB Intranasal inhalation of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS CoV) in the immunocompetent mouse strain 129SvEv resulted in infection of conducting airway epithelial cells followed by rapid clearance of virus from the lungs and the development of self-limited bronchiolitis. Animals resistant to the effects of interferons by virtue of a deficiency in Stat1 demonstrated a markedly different course following intranasal inhalation of SARS CoV, one characterized by replication of virus in lungs and progressively worsening pulmonary disease with inflammation of small airways and alveoli and systemic spread of the virus to livers and spleens. C1 So Res Inst, Dept Homeland Secur, Birmingham, AL 35255 USA. Univ Penn, Dept Med, Div Med Genet, Gene Therapy Program, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Cornell Univ, Weill Med Coll, Dept Pathol, New York, NY USA. Cornell Univ, Weill Med Coll, Dept Med Genet, New York, NY USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD USA. Univ Manitoba, Dept Med Microbiol, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. Natl Microbiol Lab, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. RP Wilson, JM (reprint author), 204 Wistar,3601 Spruce St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM wilsonjm@mail.med.upenn.edu RI Wilson, James/F-9220-2011 OI Wilson, James/0000-0002-9630-3131 NR 17 TC 66 Z9 70 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 78 IS 20 BP 11416 EP 11421 DI 10.1128/JVI.78.20.11416-11421.2004 PG 6 WC Virology SC Virology GA 858YO UT WOS:000224229000062 PM 15452265 ER PT J AU Metz, EJ AF Metz, EJ TI Profiles in leadership from the battlefields of Virginia SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USACGSC, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Metz, EJ (reprint author), USACGSC, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD OCT 1 PY 2004 VL 129 IS 16 BP 92 EP 92 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 857PV UT WOS:000224131700155 ER PT J AU Burgess, EB AF Burgess, EB TI The longest winter: The incredible survival of captain Scott's lost party SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Burgess, EB (reprint author), USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD OCT 1 PY 2004 VL 129 IS 16 BP 94 EP 95 PG 2 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 857PV UT WOS:000224131700166 ER PT J AU Cole, MW Geyer, RG AF Cole, MW Geyer, RG TI The dependence of dielectric properties on compositional variation for tunable device applications SO MECHANICS OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 18th Australasian Conference on the Mechanics of Structures and Materials CY DEC 01-03, 2004 CL Perth, SOUTH AFRICA DE dielectric properties; deposition process; microwave measurements; film micro structure ID THIN-FILMS; MICROWAVE PROPERTIES; MICROSTRUCTURE; TEMPERATURE; CAPACITORS AB The materials properties of undoped and low concentration Mg doped Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3 (BST) thin films are reported. The films were fabricated on single crystal (1 0 0) MgO and Pt coated Si substrates via the metalorganic solution deposition (MOSD) technique using carboxylate-alkoxide precursors and post-deposition annealed at 800 degreesC (film/MgO substrates) and 750 degreesC (film/Pt-Si substrates). The dielectric properties were measured at 10 GHz using unpatterned/non-metallized films via a tuned coupled/split dielectric resonator system and at 100 kHz using metal-insulator-metal capacitors. The structure, microstructure, surface morphology and film/substrate compositional quality were analyzed and correlated to the films dielectric and insulating properties. The Mg doped BST films exhibited improved dielectric loss and insulating characteristics compared to the undoped BST thin films. The improved dielectric properties, low leakage current, and good tunability of the low level Mg doped BST thin films merits strong potential for utilization in microwave tunable devices. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, RF Technol Div, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. RP Cole, MW (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM mcole@arl.army.mil NR 15 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6636 J9 MECH MATER JI Mech. Mater. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 36 IS 10 BP 1017 EP 1026 DI 10.1016/j.mechmat.2003.04.001 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Materials Science; Mechanics GA 830EE UT WOS:000222103600010 ER PT J AU Cote, CK Rea, KM Norris, SL van Rooijen, N Welkos, SL AF Cote, CK Rea, KM Norris, SL van Rooijen, N Welkos, SL TI The use of a model of in vivo macrophage depletion to study the role of macrophages during infection with Bacillus anthracis spores SO MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS LA English DT Article DE Bacillus anthracis; macrophage; spore; liposomes ID ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES; LETHAL TOXIN; PATHOGENESIS; ELIMINATION; MICE; TUBERCULOSIS; TYPHIMURIUM; RESPONSES; FEATURES; VITRO AB The pathogenesis of infection by Bacillus anthracis has been the subject of many investigations, but remains incompletely understood. It has been shown that B. anthracis spores germinate in macrophages and perhaps require this intracellular niche to germinate in vivo before outgrowth of the vegetative organism. However, it has also been reported that macrophages are sporocidal in vitro. In our in vivo model, macrophages were depleted from mice by either silica treatment or treatment with liposome-encapsulated dichloromethylene disphosphonate (Cl2MDP), and the animals were infected parenterally with virulent ungerminated B. anthracis (Ames strain) spores. The mice in which macrophages had been depleted were killed more rapidly than untreated mice. In addition, augmenting peritoneal populations of macrophages with cultured RAW264.7 cells partially protected mice from disease, increasing the survival rate in a dose dependent relationship. Alveolar macrophages were depleted by intranasal instillation of liposome-encapsulated Cl2MDP. The animals with normal alveolar macrophage numbers had significantly greater survival rates after inhaling B. anthracis spores than the macrophage-depleted mice. These findings do not preclude the observations that macrophages provide a site permissive for spore germination, however, these data suggest that macrophages do play an important role in limiting and/or clearing a B. anthracis infection. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Sci Applicat Int Corp, Off Res Plans & Programs, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. Free Univ Amsterdam, Dept Cell Biol & Immunol, Amsterdam, Netherlands. RP Welkos, SL (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, 1425 Porter St, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. EM susan.welkos@det.amedd.army.mil NR 36 TC 59 Z9 60 U1 1 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0882-4010 J9 MICROB PATHOGENESIS JI Microb. Pathog. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 37 IS 4 BP 169 EP 175 DI 10.1016/j.micpath.2004.06.013 PG 7 WC Immunology; Microbiology SC Immunology; Microbiology GA 862KX UT WOS:000224490700001 PM 15458777 ER PT J AU May, LM Weese, C Ashley, DL Trump, DH Bowling, CM Lee, AP AF May, LM Weese, C Ashley, DL Trump, DH Bowling, CM Lee, AP TI The recommended role of exposure biomarkers for the surveillance of environmental and occupational chemical exposures in military deployments: Policy considerations SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB A lack of individual exposure information limited the evaluation of exposure-outcome relationships after the Gulf War. Exposure concerns during Operation Enduring Freedom and Iraqi Freedom deployments have increased interest in individual environmental and occupational chemical exposure assessment. Currently, deployment assessments are conducted using intermittent ambient air monitoring, occasional focused evaluations based on these results, and postdeployment questionnaire documentation of exposure and/or health concerns. Although this strategy is an improvement over previous practice, it has limitations, including a reliance on evidence of an acute problem, to initiate in-depth health evaluation. Exposure biomarkers may have the potential to overcome some of the limitations of current environmental and occupational exposure assessment tools. This article examines current exposure assessment methods, reviews emerging technologies, and recommends a phased approach to introducing exposure biomarkers into a comprehensive occupational and environmental health surveillance program. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med Occupat Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. The Pentagon, Safety & Occupat Hlth, Washington, DC 20301 USA. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Deployment Environm Surveillance Program, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP May, LM (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd,Room A1044, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 11 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 169 IS 10 BP 761 EP 767 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019JC UT WOS:000235830400002 PM 15532337 ER PT J AU Cohen, SP Larkin, TM AF Cohen, SP Larkin, TM TI The causes of false-positive medial branch (Facet joint) blocks in soldiers and retirees SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID LOW-BACK-PAIN; ZYGAPOPHYSIAL JOINTS; CLINICAL-FEATURES; LUMBAR; DISCOGRAPHY; DENERVATION; DISC; SPECIFICITY; PREVALENCE; NEUROTOMY AB Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the factors associated with false-positive medial branch blocks (MBB), the nerve blocks used to diagnose facet arthropathy, in soldiers and retirees. Methods: The study subjects were 78 patients with chronic low back pain who underwent diagnostic MBB to determine whether or not the facet joints were pain generators. Radiofrequency denervation of these nerves was performed in all patients with positive responses. Patients who failed to obtain pain relief after the blocks (negative blocks) and those who obtained temporary pain relief after MBB but failed radiofrequency denervation (false-positive blocks) then proceeded to undergo discography. Based on patients' responses to diagnostic blocks, discography results, the presence of radicular pain, and previous back surgery, the data were analyzed to determine whether any of these variables correlated with false-positive MBB. Results: The presence of discogenic or radicular pain was not associated with a higher false-positive response rate to MBB. Conversely, the absence of discogenic pain was associated with a higher percentage of false-positive blocks. There was also a trend for patients with previous back surgery to have a higher false-positive rate than those who had not undergone previous surgery. Conclusions: Although a high incidence of epidural and foraminal spread occurs during the performance of MBB, this is unlikely to be a significant cause of false-positive blocks. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Anesthesiol, Pain Management Ctr, Dept Anesthesiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Massachusetts Gen Hosp, MGH Pain Ctr,Dept Anesthesia & Crit Care, Boston, MA 02114 USA. RP Cohen, SP (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Anesthesiol, Pain Management Ctr, Dept Anesthesiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 32 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 169 IS 10 BP 781 EP 786 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019JC UT WOS:000235830400006 PM 15532341 ER PT J AU Bundt, TS Hu, HM AF Bundt, TS Hu, HM TI National examination of compliance predictors and the immunization status of children: Precursor to a developmental model for health systems SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CHILDHOOD IMMUNIZATION; PRENATAL-CARE; LOS-ANGELES; PROGRAMS; RECOMMENDATIONS; ACCULTURATION; POPULATION; INSURANCE; SERVICES; COVERAGE AB Objectives: The gap between children's immunization requirements and actual compliance is staggering. Using a national survey instrument, the purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between select predictors and immunization status in children between 19 months and 6 years of age. Methods: From the 1998 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey, 1,575 children were included in a multivariate logistical model. Outcomes were measured as compliance with approved vaccination regimens. Results: Only 67% of children between 19 months and 6 years old were compliant with all recommended vaccines. However, nonminority children with health insurance from families with income above the federal poverty line or living outside a metropolitan statistical area were more likely to be vaccinated. Children of older or educated parents likewise tended to have complete immunization. Conclusions:Analyzing childhood immunization via parental characteristics identifies prevalent predictors of compliance. Outcomes suggest potential strategies for health systems to focus on children's health issues-specifically immunizations. C1 USA, Dept Med, US Dept Def, Darnall Army Community Hosp, Ft Hood, TX 76544 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Inst Hlth Hlth Care Policy & Aging Res, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. RP Bundt, TS (reprint author), USA, Dept Med, US Dept Def, Darnall Army Community Hosp, Ft Hood, TX 76544 USA. NR 50 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 2 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 169 IS 10 BP 795 EP 803 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019JC UT WOS:000235830400008 PM 15532343 ER PT J AU Lin, DL Kirk, KL Murphy, KP McHale, KA Doukas, WC AF Lin, DL Kirk, KL Murphy, KP McHale, KA Doukas, WC TI Orthopedic injuries during operation enduring freedom SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the Society-of-Military-Orthopedic-Surgeons CY DEC 10-14, 2002 CL San Diego, CA SP Soc Mil Orthoped Surg AB Orthopedic injuries comprise a majority of combat injuries seen in recent U.S. military conflicts. Interventions in the forward deployed area have played an important role in improving mortality rates of soldiers as well as outcome at a medical center level. A retrospective review was conducted on orthopedic injuries from Operation Enduring Freedom evaluated at Walter Reed Army Medical Center (WRAMC). Patients were grouped into one of five injury categories (open fracture, amputation, arterial injuries, neurological injuries, and soft tissue injury) with evacuation time (days from time of injury to arrival at WRAMC) and procedures performed before arrival at WRAMC evaluated. The average evacuation time for all orthopedic casualties was 7.9 days. There was an average of 2.6 procedures performed per patient before arrival at WRAMC. There was no difference in evacuation time among the injury groups. Those with only soft tissue injuries underwent fewer procedures than the other injury groups; however, there was no difference among the injury groups in terms of procedures performed. The number of procedures performed did not affect the evacuation time. Fifty-six percent of casualties required operative intervention after arrival at WRAMC. With the unavoidable evacuation time that all casualties must endure regardless of severity of the injury, early operative intervention in forward deployed medical assets, such as the forward surgical team and combat support hospital, remains a necessity for rehabilitative and reconstructive efforts of the soldiers at the medical center level. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, Orthopaed Surg Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Lin, DL (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, Orthopaed Surg Serv, 6700 Georgia Ave, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 6 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 169 IS 10 BP 807 EP 809 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019JC UT WOS:000235830400010 PM 15532345 ER PT J AU Midla, GS AF Midla, GS TI Lessons learned: Operation anaconda SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB With the recent long deployments of our military, a review of lessons learned becomes a vital part of mission success and helps to shape our forces for future conflicts. This article examines some medical issues that were experienced by the Raider Rakkasans of the 101st Airborne (Air Assault) Division during Operation Anaconda in Afghanistan. Topics include nutrition, altitude sickness, medical evacuation requests, and the evacuation of wounded on resupply platforms (back-hauling). When nutritional aspects of war fighting were discussed, an emphasis was placed on making a greater variety of field rations accessible to the force with the addition of a multivitamin to each ration. Also, a meal high in caloric content before infiltration and an education/inspection program to ensure the maximum benefit of each ration was reviewed. The use of acetazolamide to combat altitude sickness was also discussed. Dosing of 250 mg BID 24 hours before a rapid assent, then 125 mg BID for 4 days was suggested. Line three of the medical evacuation request was also reviewed for reporting inaccuracies. Complete physical examinations and direct dialogue between medical personnel and commanders was stressed. Last, a standard medical package to accompany any resupply during hostilities was advised, instead of releasing ground medical personnel to attend the wounded when using this for an evacuation platform. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Perfus Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Midla, GS (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Perfus Serv, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 10 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 169 IS 10 BP 810 EP 813 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019JC UT WOS:000235830400011 PM 15532346 ER PT J AU Yeghiayan, SK Georgelis, JH Maher, TJ Lieberman, HR AF Yeghiayan, SK Georgelis, JH Maher, TJ Lieberman, HR TI Beneficial effects of a protein free, high carbohydrate meal on rat coping behavior and neurotransmitter levels during heat stress SO NUTRITIONAL NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE carbohydrate; cognitive; dopamine; hypertermia; porsolt; serotonin ID EXTRACELLULAR SEROTONIN; TRYPTOPHAN; HIPPOCAMPUS; MICRODIALYSIS; CONSUMPTION; PRECURSORS; DEPRESSION; RELEASE; 5-HT; MOOD AB This study examined effects of a single protein-free (PROT-free), high carbohydrate meal (0% protein, 82% carbohydrate) or control meal (20% protein, 62% carbohydrate) on coping behavior and neurotransmitter levels of male Fischer 344 rats. Meals varying in protein/carbohydrate ratio differentially affect transport of neurotransmitter precursors into the brain and alter neurotransmission. The meals were studied in animals exposed to heat stress and normothermic control animals. Coping behavior was assessed using the Porsolt swim test (N = 39). In other rats, dopamine (DA), epinephrine (EPI), norepinephrine (NE) and serotonin in the striatum were assessed using in vivo microdialysis (N = 35). In control-fed rats, heat stress impaired Porsolt performance in comparison to normothermic controls (p < 0.05). The PROT-free, high carbohydrate meal protected animals from adverse effects of stress on coping performance as it reduced the effect of heat stress more than 90%. Significant changes in striatal DA and EPI efflux were observed as a consequence of the nutritional manipulation and heat exposure. It is concluded a single PROT-free, high carbohydrate meal improves ability to cope with heat stress and alters neurotransmission. The neurochemical basis for these effects may be a change in DA efflux, although other mechanisms cannot be ruled out. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Nutr Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Massachusetts Coll Pharm & Hlth Sci, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Lieberman, HR (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Nutr Div, Bldg 42,Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM harris.lieberman@na.amedd.army.mil NR 24 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1028-415X J9 NUTR NEUROSCI JI Nutr. Neurosci. PD OCT-DEC PY 2004 VL 7 IS 5-6 BP 335 EP 340 DI 10.1080/10284150400017330 PG 6 WC Neurosciences; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 888OY UT WOS:000226385300009 PM 15682930 ER PT J AU Killgore, WDS Yurgelun-Todd, DA AF Killgore, WDS Yurgelun-Todd, DA TI Sex-related developmental differences in the lateralized activation of the prefrontal cortex and amygdala during perception of facial affect SO PERCEPTUAL AND MOTOR SKILLS LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-BRAIN; EMOTIONAL RESPONSES; SENSORY STIMULATION; CEREBRAL ASYMMETRY; AFFECTIVE STYLE; EXPRESSIONS; FEAR; FMRI; RECOGNITION; CHILDREN AB The lateralization of cognitive abilities is influenced by a number of factors, including handedness, sex, and developmental maturation. To date, a small number of studies have examined sex differences in the lateralization of cognitive and affective functions, and in only few of these have the developmental trajectories of these lateralized differences been mapped from childhood through early adulthood. In the present study, a cross-sectional design was used with healthy children (n=7), adolescents (n=12), and adults (n=10) who underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during a task that required perceiving fearful faces. Males and females differed in the asymmetry of activation of the amygdala and prefrontal cortex across the three age groups. For males, activation within the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex was bilateral in children, right lateralized in adolescents, and bilateral in adults, whereas females showed a monotonic relationship with age, with older females showing more bilateral activation than younger ones. In contrast, amygdala activation was similar for both sexes, with bilateral activation in children, right-lateralized activation in adolescents, and bilateral activation in adults. These results suggest that males and females show different patterns of lateralized cortical and subcortical brain activation across the period of development from childhood through early adulthood. C1 Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Cognit Neuroimaging Lab, McLean Hosp, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Killgore, WDS (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM william.d.killgore@us.army.mil OI Killgore, William/0000-0002-5328-0208 NR 59 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 8 U2 15 PU AMMONS SCIENTIFIC, LTD PI MISSOULA PA PO BOX 9229, MISSOULA, MT 59807-9229 USA SN 0031-5125 J9 PERCEPT MOTOR SKILL JI Percept. Mot. Skills PD OCT PY 2004 VL 99 IS 2 BP 371 EP 391 PG 21 WC Psychology, Experimental SC Psychology GA 866FA UT WOS:000224758000001 PM 15560325 ER PT J AU Shur, Y French, HM Bray, MT Anderson, DA AF Shur, Y French, HM Bray, MT Anderson, DA TI Syngenetic permafrost growth: Cryostratigraphic observations from the CRREL tunnel near fairbanks, Alaska SO PERMAFROST AND PERIGLACIAL PROCESSES LA English DT Article DE syngenetic permafrost; cryostructures; ground ice; thermokarst; Alaska ID WESTERN ARCTIC CANADA; YUKON-TERRITORY; GROUND-ICE; COAST AB Syngenetic permafrost forms when alluvial, aeolian and/or colluvial sediment accumulates under cold-climate conditions. Observations from within the CRREL permafrost tunnel near Fairbanks, Alaska, indicate that layered, lenticular-layered and micro-lenticular cryogenic structures are characteristic of this type of permafrost. In contrast, reticulate cryogenic structures indicate local thaw modification. During the growth of syngenetic permafrost, episodes of thermokarst erosion may operate preferentially along ice wedges leading to the development of gullies and tunnels in the near-surface sediments. The local thaw unconformities that result are inferred by the recognition of thermokarst-cave ice ('pool' ice), and various soil and ice pseudomorphs. These may be regarded as further characteristics of syngenetic permafrost growth. Copyright (C) 2004 John Wiley Sons, Ltd. C1 Univ Alaska, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. Univ Ottawa, Dept Geog, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada. Univ Ottawa, Dept Earth Sci, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada. USA, Cold Reg Res Engn Lab, Ft Wainwright, AK USA. RP Shur, Y (reprint author), Univ Alaska, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. EM ffys@uaf.edu NR 40 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 9 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 1045-6740 J9 PERMAFROST PERIGLAC JI Permafrost Periglacial Process. PD OCT-DEC PY 2004 VL 15 IS 4 BP 339 EP 347 DI 10.1002/ppp.486 PG 9 WC Geography, Physical; Geology SC Physical Geography; Geology GA 881UC UT WOS:000225893900004 ER PT J AU Hu, H Brzeski, H Hutchins, J Ramaraj, M Qu, L Xiong, R Kalathil, S Kato, R Tenkillaya, S Carney, J Redd, R Arkalgudvenkata, S Shahzad, K Scott, R Cheng, H Meadow, S McMichael, J Sheu, SL Rosendale, D Kvecher, L Ahern, S Yang, S Zhang, YH Jordan, R Somiari, S Hooke, J Shriver, CD Somiari, RI Liebman, MN AF Hu, H Brzeski, H Hutchins, J Ramaraj, M Qu, L Xiong, R Kalathil, S Kato, R Tenkillaya, S Carney, J Redd, R Arkalgudvenkata, S Shahzad, K Scott, R Cheng, H Meadow, S McMichael, J Sheu, SL Rosendale, D Kvecher, L Ahern, S Yang, S Zhang, YH Jordan, R Somiari, S Hooke, J Shriver, CD Somiari, RI Liebman, MN TI Biomedical informatics: development of a comprehensive data warehouse for clinical and genomic breast cancer research SO PHARMACOGENOMICS LA English DT Article DE clinical information; data warehouse; federated; genomics; hybrid; integrated; proteomics AB The Windber Research Institute is an integrated high-throughput research center employing clinical, genomic and proteomic platforms to produce terabyte levels of data. We use biomedical informatics technologies to integrate all of these operations. This report includes information on a multi-year, multi-phase hybrid data warehouse project currently under development in the Institute. The purpose of the warehouse is to host the terabyte-level of internal experimentally generated data as well as data from public sources. We have previously reported on the phase I development, which integrated limited internal data sources and selected public databases. Currently, we are completing phase II development, which integrates our internal automated data sources and develops visualization tools to query across these data types. This paper summarizes our clinical and experimental operations, the data warehouse development, and the challenges we have faced. in phase III we plan to federate additional manual internal and public data sources and then to develop and adapt more data analysis and mining tools. We expect that the final implementation of the data warehouse will greatly facilitate biomedical informatics research. C1 Windber Res Inst, Windber, PA 15963 USA. Teradata, Dayton, OH USA. Management Sci Associates, Rockpointe, PA USA. Windber Profess Serv, Windber, PA USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Hu, H (reprint author), Windber Res Inst, 600 Somerset Ave, Windber, PA 15963 USA. EM h.hu@wriwindber.org NR 17 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU FUTURE MEDICINE LTD PI LONDON PA UNITEC HOUSE, 3RD FLOOR, 2 ALBERT PLACE, FINCHLEY CENTRAL, LONDON, N3 1QB, ENGLAND SN 1462-2416 J9 PHARMACOGENOMICS JI Pharmacogenomics PD OCT PY 2004 VL 5 IS 7 BP 933 EP 941 DI 10.1517/14622416.5.7.933 PG 9 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 864CU UT WOS:000224611500015 PM 15469411 ER PT J AU Mandatori, A Sibilia, C Bertolotti, M Zhukovsky, S Haus, JW Scalora, M AF Mandatori, A Sibilia, C Bertolotti, M Zhukovsky, S Haus, JW Scalora, M TI Anomalous phase in one-dimensional, multilayer, periodic structures with birefringent materials SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID NEGATIVE REFRACTION; PHOTONIC CRYSTALS; INDEX; LIGHT AB We have studied biaxial, birefringent, one-dimensional, multilayer structures and found a wavelength region where the phase of one specific polarization component of the transmitted field increases with wavelength, giving rise to unusual polarization dependent dispersive effects of the input beam. We discuss the conditions that lead to these effects, and examine possible ways to enhance them. C1 Univ Roma La Sapienza, INFM, Dipartimento Energet, I-00161 Rome, Italy. Natl Acad Sci Belarus, Inst Atom & Mol Phys, Minsk, Byelarus. Univ Dayton, Electroopt Program, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. USA, Aviat & Missile Command, Weap Sci Directorate, AMSMI RD WS ST Redstone Arsenal, Huntsville, AL 35898 USA. RP Mandatori, A (reprint author), Univ Roma La Sapienza, INFM, Dipartimento Energet, Via Scarpa 16, I-00161 Rome, Italy. EM concita.sibilia@uniroma1.it RI Zhukovsky, Sergei/A-8433-2008 OI Zhukovsky, Sergei/0000-0001-7750-2509 NR 17 TC 16 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 16 AR 165107 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.165107 PG 11 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 867QB UT WOS:000224856000032 ER PT J AU Allegrini, P Grigolini, P Palatella, L West, BJ AF Allegrini, P Grigolini, P Palatella, L West, BJ TI Non-Poisson dichotomous noise: Higher-order correlation functions and aging SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID STRONG ANOMALOUS DIFFUSION; STOCHASTIC RESONANCE; INDUCED TRANSITIONS; CHAOTIC SYSTEMS; QUANTUM DOTS; STATISTICS; DYNAMICS; DRIVEN; MOTION; SCALE AB We,study a two-state: symmetric noise, with a given waiting time distribution psi(tau), and focus our attention on the connection between the four-time and two-time correlation functions. The transition of psi(tau) from the exponential to, the nonexponential condition yields the breakdown of the usual factorization condition of high-order correlation functions, as well as the birth of aging effects. We discuss the subtle connections, between these two properties and establish the condition that the Liouville-like approach has to satisfy in order. to produce a correct, description of the resulting, diffusion, process. C1 INFM, Unita Como, I-22100 Como, Italy. CNR, Ist Linguist Computaz, Area Ric Pisa, I-56124 Ghezzano Pisa, Italy. Univ N Texas, Ctr Nonlinear Sci, Denton, TX 76203 USA. Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. INFM, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. CNR, Ist Proc Chim Fis, Area Ric Pisa, I-56124 Ghezzano Pisa, Italy. USA, Res Off, Div Math, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP INFM, Unita Como, Via Valleggio 11, I-22100 Como, Italy. RI Allegrini, Paolo/C-1876-2012; West, Bruce/E-3944-2017; OI Allegrini, Paolo/0000-0002-5476-9005; Palatella, Luigi Nicola/0000-0003-0075-8287 NR 41 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0045 EI 2470-0053 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 4 AR 046118 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.70.046118 PN 2 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 879AU UT WOS:000225689600026 PM 15600471 ER PT J AU Mowry, MC Meagher, M Smith, L Marks, J Subramanian, A AF Mowry, MC Meagher, M Smith, L Marks, J Subramanian, A TI Production and purification of a chimeric monoclonal antibody against botulinum neurotoxin serotype A SO PROTEIN EXPRESSION AND PURIFICATION LA English DT Article DE Chinese hamster ovary; CHO; mammalian; cell culture; zirconia; HCIC; botulism; botulism neurotoxin; BIAcore; antibody ID HAMSTER OVARY CELLS; PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; CHARGE INDUCTION CHROMATOGRAPHY; PROTEIN-A; AFFINITY-CHROMATOGRAPHY; CULTURE; ZIRCONIA; IMMUNOGLOBULINS; NEUTRALIZATION; STABILITY AB Production of recombinant antibodies against botulinum neurotoxin is necessary for the development of a post-exposure treatment. CHO-DG44 cells were transfected with a plasmid encoding the light and heavy chains of a chimeric monoclonal antibody (S25) against botulism neurotoxin serotype A. Stable cell lines were obtained by dilution cloning and clones were shown to produce nearly equivalent levels of light and heavy chain antibody by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In suspension culture, cells produced 35 mug/ral of chimeric antibody after 6 days, corresponding to a specific antibody productivity of 3.1 pg/cell/day. A method for the harvest and recovery of an antibody against botulism neurotoxin serotype A was investigated utilizing ethylenediamine-N,N'-tetra(methylphosphonic) acid (EDTPA) modified zirconia and MEP-hypercel, a hydrophobic charge interaction chromatography resin. Purification of the S25 antibody was compared to that achieved using rProtein A-Sepharose Fast Flow resin. After the direct load of culture supernatant, analysis by ELISA and get electrophoresis showed that S25 antibody could be recovered at purities of 41 and 44%, from the EDTPA modified zirconia and MEP-hypercel columns, respectively. Although the purity obtained from each of these columns was low, the ability to withstand high column pressures and nearly 90% recovery of the antibody makes EDTPA modified zirconia well suited as an initial capture step. Combining the EDTPA modified zirconia and HCIC columns in series resulted in both purity and final product yield of 72%. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Nebraska, Dept Chem Engn, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Toxicol & Aerobiol Div, Frederic, MD 21702 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Gen Hosp, Dept Anesthesia & Pharmaceut Chem, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA. RP Mowry, MC (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Chem Engn, 207 Othmer Hall,820 N 16th St, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. EM mmowry2@unl.edu NR 35 TC 30 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 11 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1046-5928 J9 PROTEIN EXPRES PURIF JI Protein Expr. Purif. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 37 IS 2 BP 399 EP 408 DI 10.1016/j.pep.2004.06.022 PG 10 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 858BY UT WOS:000224166400018 PM 15358363 ER PT J AU Ahmed, SA Ludivico, ML Smith, LA AF Ahmed, SA Ludivico, ML Smith, LA TI Factors affecting autocatalysis of botulinum A neurotoxin light chain SO PROTEIN JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE autocatalysis; botulinum; neurotoxin; protease; zinc-endopeptidase ID TETANUS; TOXIN; PURIFICATION; EXPRESSION; PROTEINS; CLEAVAGE; EFFICACY AB The light chain of botulinum neurotoxin serotype A undergoes autocatalytic fragmentation into two major peptides during purification and storage (Ahmed S. A. et al. 2001, J. Protein Chem. 20: 221-231) by both intermolecular and intramolecular mechanisms (Ahmed S. A. et al. 2003, Biochemistry 42: 12539-12549). In this study, we investigated the effects of buffers and salts on this autocatalytic reaction in the presence and absence of zinc chloride. In the presence of zinc chloride, the fragmentation reaction was enhanced in each of acetate, MES, HEPES and phosphate buffers with maximum occurring in acetate when compared to those in the absence of zinc chloride. Adding sodium chloride in phosphate buffer in the presence of zinc chloride increased the extent of proteolysis. Irrespective of the presence of zinc chloride, adding sodium chloride or potassium chloride in phosphate buffer elicited an additional proteolytic reaction. Higher concentrations of sodium phosphate buffer enhanced the autocatalytic reaction in the absence of zinc chloride. In contrast, in the presence of zinc chloride, higher concentrations of sodium phosphate decreased the autocatalytic reaction. Optimum pH of autocatalysis was not affected significantly by the absence or presence of zinc chloride. Like zinc chloride, other chlorides of divalent metals, such as magnesium, cobalt, iron and calcium also enhanced the autocatalytic reaction. Polyols such as ethylene glycol protected the light chain from fragmentation. Exposure of light chain to UV radiation led to enhanced fragmentation. In order to avoid fragmentation, the protein should be stored frozen in a low concentration buffer of neutral or higher pH devoid of any metal. Our results provide a choice of buffers and salts for isolation, purification and storage of intact botulinum neurotoxin serotype A light chain. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Immunol & Mol Biol, Div Toxinol & Aerobiol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Ahmed, SA (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Immunol & Mol Biol, Div Toxinol & Aerobiol, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM ahmed@amedd.army.mil NR 20 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1572-3887 J9 PROTEIN J JI Protein J. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 23 IS 7 BP 445 EP 451 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 872PO UT WOS:000225219900002 PM 15635936 ER PT J AU McHugh, CA Tammariello, RF Millard, CB Carra, JH AF McHugh, CA Tammariello, RF Millard, CB Carra, JH TI Improved stability of a protein vaccine through elimination of a partially unfolded state SO PROTEIN SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE protein folding; stability; ricin; vaccine ID RICIN-A-CHAIN; CARBOHYDRATE; MUTAGENESIS; TRANSPORT; MEMBRANES; SEQUENCE; PATHWAY; CYTOSOL; EPITOPE; SIGNAL AB Ricin is a potent toxin presenting a threat as a biological weapon. The holotoxin consists of two disulfide-linked polypeptides: an enzymatically active A chain (RTA) and a galactose/N-acetylgalactosamine-binding B chain. Efforts to develop an inactivated version of the A chain as a vaccine have been hampered by limitations of stability and solubility. Previously, recombinant truncated versions of the 267-amino-acid A chain consisting of residues 1-33/44-198 or 1-198 were designed by protein engineering to overcome these limits and were shown to be effective and nontoxic as vaccines in mice. Herein we used CD, dynamic light scattering, fluorescence, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy to examine the biophysical properties of these proteins. Although others have found that recombinant RTA (rRTA) adopts a partially unfolded, molten globule-like state at 45degreesC, rRTA 1-33/44-198 and 1-198 are significantly more thermostable, remaining completely folded at temperatures up to 53degreesC and 51degreesC, respectively. Deleting both an exposed loop region (amino acids 34-43) and the C-terminal domain (199-267) contributed to increased thermostability. We found that chemically induced denaturation of rRTA, but not the truncated variants, proceeds through at least a three-state mechanism. The intermediate state in rRTA unfolding has a hydrophobic core accessible to ANS and an unfolded C-terminal domain. Removing the C-terminal domain changed the mechanism of rRTA unfolding, eliminating a tendency to adopt a partially unfolded state. Our results support the conclusion that these derivatives are superior candidates for development as vaccines against ricin and suggest an approach of reduction to minimum essential domains for design of more thermostable recombinant antigens. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Biochem & Cell Biol, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Carra, JH (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Biochem & Cell Biol, 1425 Porter St, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. EM carra@det.amedd.army.mil NR 38 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 2 PU COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS, PUBLICATIONS DEPT PI WOODBURY PA 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2924 USA SN 0961-8368 J9 PROTEIN SCI JI Protein Sci. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 13 IS 10 BP 2736 EP 2743 DI 10.1110/ps.04897904 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 855XH UT WOS:000224007700018 PM 15340172 ER PT J AU Kandidov, VP Akozbek, N Scalora, M Kosareva, OG Nyakk, AV Luo, Q Hosseini, SA Chin, SL AF Kandidov, VP Akozbek, N Scalora, M Kosareva, OG Nyakk, AV Luo, Q Hosseini, SA Chin, SL TI A method for spatial regularisation of a bunch of filaments in a femtosecond laser pulse SO QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Letter DE filamentation; femtosecond pulses; spatial structures ID TRANSFORMATION; AIR AB A method for spatial regularisation of chaotically located filaments, which appear in a high-power femtosecond laser pulse, is proposed, numerically substantiated, and experimentally tested. This method is based on the introduction of regular light-field perturbations into the femtosecond-pulse cross section. C1 Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Dept Phys, Moscow 119992, Russia. Time Domain Corp, Huntsville, AL 35806 USA. USA, Aviat & Missile Command, AMSAM WS RD ST, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. Univ Laval, Dept Phys Genie Phys & Opt, Quebec City, PQ G1K 7P4, Canada. Univ Laval, Ctr Opt Photon & Laser, Quebec City, PQ G1K 7P4, Canada. RP Kandidov, VP (reprint author), Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Dept Phys, Vorobevy Gory, Moscow 119992, Russia. EM kandidov@msuilc.phys.msu.su; nyakk@mail.ru; slchin@phy.ulaval.ca NR 6 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU TURPION LTD PI LETCHWORTH PA TURPIN DISTRIBUTION SERVICES, BLACKHORSE RD, LETCHWORTH SG6 1HN, HERTS, ENGLAND SN 1063-7818 J9 QUANTUM ELECTRON+ JI Quantum Electron. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 34 IS 10 BP 879 EP 880 DI 10.1070/QE2004vO3n10ABEH002870 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 891TI UT WOS:000226603500001 ER PT J AU Murphey, MD Jelinek, JS Temple, HT Flemming, DJ Gannon, FH AF Murphey, MD Jelinek, JS Temple, HT Flemming, DJ Gannon, FH TI Imaging of periosteal osteosarcoma: Radiologic-pathologic comparison SO RADIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE bone neoplasms; bone neoplasms, CT; bone neoplasms, diagnosis; bone neoplasms, MR; osteosarcoma ID PAROSTEAL OSTEOGENIC-SARCOMA; GRADE SURFACE OSTEOSARCOMAS; EWINGS-SARCOMA; JUXTACORTICAL CHONDROSARCOMA; DIFFERENTIAL-DIAGNOSIS; BONE; CT; MR; ENCHONDROMA; SPECTRUM AB PURPOSE: To review the imaging appearance of periosteal osteosarcoma, with pathologic comparison. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data for 40 pathologically confirmed periosteal osteosarcomas were retrospectively reviewed. Patient demographic data were recorded, and radiographs (n = 40), bone scintigrams (n = 10), angiograms (n 2), and computed tomographic (0) (n = 11) and magnetic resonance (MR) (n 12) images were evaluated for lesion location and size, cortical changes, marrow involvement, and intrinsic characteristics by two musculoskeletal radiologists, with agreement by consensus. Pathology reports were reviewed for presence and predominance of histologic components (fibrous, chondroid, and osteoid), tumor grade, and marrow involvement. RESULTS: There were 25 male (62%) and 15 female (38%) patients with an age range of 10-37 years (average age, 20 years). The most frequent lesion locations were the diaphysis of the tibia (16 patients) or of the femur (15 patients). Radiographs showed a broad-based soft-tissue mass that was attached to the cortex (all patients) and showed cortical thickening (33 patients), Cortical scalloping/erosion (37 patients), and/or perpendicular periosteal reaction (38 patients) extending into the soft-tissue mass. Soft-tissue masses were well defined in 91%-100% of cases and surrounded a median of 50%-55% of the cortex, Lesions commonly showed low attenuation at CT (10 patients) and high signal intensity on T2-weighted MR images (10 patients), reflecting the high water content of these largely chondroblastic lesions. Focal areas of adjacent marrow replacement were common at MR imaging (nine patients) but represented reactive changes unless they were in direct continuity with the overlying soft-tissue mass (this was rare, occurring in only one patient, and represented marrow invasion). Review of pathology reports revealed that all lesions contained chondroid tissue, which predominated in 34 patients. CONCLUSION: The radiologic appearance of periosteal osteosarcoma is a broad-based surface soft-tissue mass causing extrinsic erosion of thickened underlying diaphyseal cortex and perpendicular periosteal reaction extending into the soft-tissue component. Reactive marrow changes are commonly seen at MR imaging, but true marrow invasion is rare. C1 Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Radiol Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Orthoped Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Radiol & Nucl Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Orthoped Serv, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Washington Hosp Ctr, Washington Canc Inst, Dept Radiol, Washington, DC 20010 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Radiol, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Murphey, MD (reprint author), Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Radiol Pathol, 6825 16th St NW,Bldg 54,Rm M-133A, Washington, DC 20306 USA. EM murphey@afip.osd.mil NR 57 TC 40 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 4 PU RADIOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMERICA PI OAK BROOK PA 820 JORIE BLVD, OAK BROOK, IL 60523 USA SN 0033-8419 J9 RADIOLOGY JI Radiology PD OCT PY 2004 VL 233 IS 1 BP 129 EP 138 DI 10.1148/radiol.2331030326 PG 10 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 856WC UT WOS:000224075000018 PM 15333772 ER PT J AU Harner, KC Jackson, LW Drabick, JJ AF Harner, KC Jackson, LW Drabick, JJ TI Normalization of anticardiolipin antibodies following rituximab therapy for marginal zone lymphoma in a patient with Sjogren's syndrome SO RHEUMATOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID NON-HODGKINS-LYMPHOMA C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Rheumatol Clin, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Harner, KC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Rheumatol Clin, Ward 77,6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM kyle.harner@na.amedd.army.mil NR 10 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1462-0324 J9 RHEUMATOLOGY JI RHEUMATOLOGY PD OCT PY 2004 VL 43 IS 10 BP 1309 EP 1310 DI 10.1093/rheumatology/keh308 PG 3 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 858QE UT WOS:000224206000025 PM 15448217 ER PT J AU Polyakov, AY Smirnov, NB Govorkov, AV Pearton, SJ Frazier, RM Thaler, GT Abernathy, CR Zavada, JM AF Polyakov, AY Smirnov, NB Govorkov, AV Pearton, SJ Frazier, RM Thaler, GT Abernathy, CR Zavada, JM TI High-dose Mn and Cr implantation into p-AlGaN films SO SEMICONDUCTOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DOPED SEMIINSULATING GAN; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; LUMINESCENT PROPERTIES; DEEP CENTERS; SEMICONDUCTORS; ACCEPTOR; EPITAXY AB Electrical and optical properties of p-AlGaN films grown by metalorganic chemical vapour deposition and implanted with high doses (3 x 10(16) cm(-2)) of 250 keV Mn and Cr ions are reported. Schottky diodes prepared on such implanted films after annealing at 700 degreesC show a strongly increased reverse leakage current and increased series resistance in the forward direction due to residual radiation damage related defects. The density of these defects was considerably higher for the Mn-implanted diodes which correlated with the higher expected radiation damage due to higher ion mass of Mn compared with Cr. Deep level measurements revealed the formation of hole traps with levels near E-nu + 0.4 eV and E-nu + 1 eV. Optical absorption measurements indicated the presence of two major defect bands at about 1.5-1.7 eV and 2.25-2.35 eV. The results are compared with earlier measurements on Cr- and Mn-implanted p-GaN films and on proton-implanted p-AlGaN films. C1 Inst Rare Met, Moscow 119017, Russia. Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Polyakov, AY (reprint author), Inst Rare Met, B Tolmachevsky 5, Moscow 119017, Russia. RI Smirnov, Nickolai/K-8935-2015 OI Smirnov, Nickolai/0000-0002-4993-0175 NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0268-1242 J9 SEMICOND SCI TECH JI Semicond. Sci. Technol. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 19 IS 10 BP 1169 EP 1173 AR PII S0268-1242(04)81413-5 DI 10.1088/0268-1242/19/10/001 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 867VQ UT WOS:000224871100007 ER PT J AU Derenge, MA Jones, KA Kirchner, KW Ervin, MH Zheleva, TS Hullavarad, S Vispute, RD AF Derenge, MA Jones, KA Kirchner, KW Ervin, MH Zheleva, TS Hullavarad, S Vispute, RD TI A comparison of the AIN annealing cap for 4H-SiC annealed in nitrogen versus argon atmosphere SO SOLID-STATE ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Semiconductor Device Reseaech Symposium (ISDRS 03) CY DEC 10-12, 2003 CL Washington, DC SP IEEE Elect Device Soc, Univ Maryland, Natl Sci Fdn, Army Res Off, Army Res Lab DE SiC; AIN; ion implantation; high temperature anneal; cap; macrostep; step bunching; thermodynamics; X-ray; TEM AB AlN deposited on 4H-SiC by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) did not noticeably deteriorate when it was annealed in an Ar atmosphere at 1500 degreesC for 30 min, but it contained numerous thermal etch pits when it was annealed at 1600 degreesC as determined by SEM and AFM, and it completely evaporated at the higher annealing temperatures thereby allowing the silicon to evaporate preferentially that produced a pitted SiC surface. When the AlN film was annealed in nitrogen for 30 min, the film formed a protective cover up to 1650 degreesC, and when a sapphire cover was employed, it protected the SiC surface up to 1700 degreesC. The AlN surface was altered when it was annealed in nitrogen by both the evaporation of N from the surface and reactions with the N in the atmosphere. This produced a rougher surface as determined by SEM and AFM that was composed of more randomly oriented crystallites as determined by X-ray and TEM analyses, but it still protected the SiC surface below. Thermodynamic calculations are in qualitative agreement with these analyses. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRD, ARL,SE,RL, Adelphi, MD 20733 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Derenge, MA (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRD, ARL,SE,RL, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20733 USA. EM mderenge@arl.army.mil NR 10 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-1101 J9 SOLID STATE ELECTRON JI Solid-State Electron. PD OCT-NOV PY 2004 VL 48 IS 10-11 BP 1867 EP 1872 DI 10.1016/j.sse.2004.05.079 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA 853EO UT WOS:000223809700033 ER PT J AU Sarney, WL Brill, G AF Sarney, WL Brill, G TI A microstructural study of the CdTe/ZnTe film morphology as related to the Si substrate orientation SO SOLID-STATE ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Semiconductor Device Reseaech Symposium (ISDRS 03) CY DEC 10-12, 2003 CL Washington, DC SP IEEE Elect Device Soc, Univ Maryland, Natl Sci Fdn, Army Res Off, Army Res Lab DE CdTe; Si; transmission electron microscopy (TEM); molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) ID HETEROEPITAXY AB A series of CdTe/ZnTe films was grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) onto Si substrates. We examine the relationships between the film morphology, the ZnTe growth method, and the Si growth orientation. The substrates' degree of miscut from the [1 1 1] direction ranged from 0degrees to 29.5degrees. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies show that the substrate orientation is maintained by the ZnTe/CdTe epilayers only for low miscut angles. For higher miscut angles, the film orientation does not match that of the substrate, and in some cases is dependent on the growth methods used to deposit the ZnTe buffer layer. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, AMSRD,ARL,SE,EI, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Sarney, WL (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, AMSRD,ARL,SE,EI, 2800 Powdert Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM wsarney@arl.army.mil RI Brill, Gregory/G-4877-2013 NR 4 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-1101 J9 SOLID STATE ELECTRON JI Solid-State Electron. PD OCT-NOV PY 2004 VL 48 IS 10-11 BP 1917 EP 1920 DI 10.1016/j.sse.2004.05.036 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA 853EO UT WOS:000223809700042 ER PT J AU Pearton, SJ Abernathy, CR Gila, BP Ren, F Zavada, JM Park, YD AF Pearton, SJ Abernathy, CR Gila, BP Ren, F Zavada, JM Park, YD TI Enhanced functionality in GaN and SiC devices by using novel processing SO SOLID-STATE ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Semiconductor Device Research Symposium (ISDRS 03) CY DEC 10-12, 2003 CL Washington, DC SP IEEE Elect Device Soc, Univ Maryland, Natl Sci Fdn, Army Res Off, Army Res Lab ID FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS; OXIDE-SEMICONDUCTOR DIODES; UNDOPED ALGAN/GAN HEMTS; MOLECULAR-BEAM-EPITAXY; MN-IMPLANTED GAN; P-TYPE GAN; FERROMAGNETIC SEMICONDUCTORS; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; PERFORMANCE; BEHAVIOR AB Some examples of recent advances in enhancing or adding functionality to GaN and SiC devices through the use of novel processing techniques are discussed. The first example is the use of ion implantation to incorporate transition metals such as Mn, Cr and Co at atomic percent levels in the wide bandgap semiconductors to produce room temperature ferromagnetism. A discussion is given of the phase space within which single-phase material can be obtained and the requirements for demonstrating the presence of a true dilute magnetic semiconductor. The ability to make GaN and SiC ferromagnetic leads to the possibility of magnetic devices with gain, spin FETs operating at low voltages and spin polarized light emitters. The second example is the use of novel oxides such as Sc2O3 and MgO as gate dielectrics or surface passivants on GaN. True inversion behavior has been demonstrated in gated MOS-GaN diodes with implanted n-regions supplying the minority carriers need for inversion. These oxide layers also effectively mitigate current collapse in AlGaN/GaN HEMTs through their passivation of surface states in the gate-drain region. The third example is the use of laser drilling to make through-wafer via holes in SiC, sapphire and GaN. The ablation rate is sufficiently high that this maskless, serial process appears capable of achieving similar throughput to the more conventional approach of plasma etching of vias. The fourth example is the use of either ungated AlGaN/GaN HEMTs or simple GaN and SiC Schottky diodes as sensors for chemicals, biogens, radiation, combustion gases or strain. The sensitivity of either the channel carrier density or the barrier height to changes in surface condition make these materials systems ideal for compact robust sensors capable of operating at elevated temperatures. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Chem Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. Seoul Natl Univ, Sch Phys, Seoul 151747, South Korea. Seoul Natl Univ, Ctr Strongly Correlated Mat Res, Seoul 151747, South Korea. RP Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, POB 116400,100 Rhines Hall, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM spear@mse.ufl.edu RI Park, Yun/A-9559-2008 OI Park, Yun/0000-0001-7699-0432 NR 53 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 16 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-1101 EI 1879-2405 J9 SOLID STATE ELECTRON JI Solid-State Electron. PD OCT-NOV PY 2004 VL 48 IS 10-11 BP 1965 EP 1974 DI 10.1016/j.sse.2004.05.061 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA 853EO UT WOS:000223809700050 ER PT J AU Ali, HA Iliadis, AA Lee, U AF Ali, HA Iliadis, AA Lee, U TI Study of ZnO nanocluster formation within styrene-acrylic acid and styrene-methacrylic acid diblock copolymers on Si andSiO(2) surfaces SO SOLID-STATE ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Semiconductor Device Reseaech Symposium (ISDRS 03) CY DEC 10-12, 2003 CL Washington, DC SP IEEE Elect Device Soc, Univ Maryland, Natl Sci Fdn, Army Res Off, Army Res Lab ID SEMICONDUCTOR CLUSTERS; PARTICLES; METAL; FILMS AB A study of the self-assembly of ZnO nanoclusters on Si and SiO2 surfaces within the matrices of diblock copolymers, polystyrene-acrylic acid and polystyrene-methacrylic acid, is reported. The polystyrene-acrylic acid and polystyrene-methacrylic acid had block repeat unit ratios of 159-63 and 318-78, respectively. Immiscibility of the two blocks in each copolymer produced microphase separation resulting in the formation of nanosized spherical domains of the minority acid blocks, which served as nanotemplates for the ZnO nanoclusters on both Si and SiO2 surfaces. The self-assembly process of the nanoclusters was accomplished at room temperature in solution using ZnCl2 precursor dopant and a dry chemical process using ozone to convert into ZnO. The comparative study showed that the treatment with ozone provided better conversion rate with minimal loss of ZnO than a wet chemical process developed previously. The conversion of ZnCl2 to ZnO nanoclusters was verified and evaluated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed spherical morphology for both copolymers with more dense distribution of nanoclusters in the case of the polystyrene-methacrylic acid copolymer. Application of the nanocomposite polymer on large area Si and SiO2/Si wafer surfaces by static and spin-on casting and photolithographic patterning, metallization, and reactive ion etching processing was developed for surface acoustic wave (SAW) device fabrication. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Ali, HA (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. NR 14 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-1101 J9 SOLID STATE ELECTRON JI Solid-State Electron. PD OCT-NOV PY 2004 VL 48 IS 10-11 BP 2025 EP 2030 DI 10.1016/j.sse.2004.05.052 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA 853EO UT WOS:000223809700059 ER PT J AU Hasaneen, ES Heller, E Bansal, R Huang, W Jain, F AF Hasaneen, ES Heller, E Bansal, R Huang, W Jain, F TI Modeling of nonvolatile floating gate quantum dot memory SO SOLID-STATE ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Semiconductor Device Reseaech Symposium (ISDRS 03) CY DEC 10-12, 2003 CL Washington, DC SP IEEE Elect Device Soc, Univ Maryland, Natl Sci Fdn, Army Res Off, Army Res Lab DE nonvolatile memory; quantum dot; tunneling; capacitance-voltage; MOS resistance; charging operation ID NANO-CRYSTAL MEMORY; RETENTION; FLASH; WELL AB This paper describes a model to simulate electrical characteristics of nonvolatile floating gate quantum dot memory (NVFGQDM) cells. The charging mechanism is based on tunneling of electrons from the quantum well channel to the quantum dot gate. The tunneling rate of electrons is computed using the transition-Hamiltonian of Bardeen. The wave functions and potential energies of the quantum well channel and quantum dot gate are calculated using a self-consistent numerical solution of Schrodinger and Poisson equations. Current voltage characteristics are obtained using BSIM3v3. Capacitance voltage characteristics showing the effect of the dot charge are also described. The application of a quantum dot memory cell as a programmable resistor is presented. The results show that by changing the quantum dot charge, the resistor values can be changed by 40%. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Connecticut, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. RSoft Inc, Ossining, NY 10562 USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Comp Sci & Elect Engn, W Point, NY 10997 USA. RP Jain, F (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 371 Fairfield Rd,Unit 2157, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. EM fcj@engr.uconn.edu NR 16 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-1101 J9 SOLID STATE ELECTRON JI Solid-State Electron. PD OCT-NOV PY 2004 VL 48 IS 10-11 BP 2055 EP 2059 DI 10.1016/j.sse.2004.05.073 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA 853EO UT WOS:000223809700065 ER PT J AU Adams, BD Kim, JY Jackson, WO AF Adams, BD Kim, JY Jackson, WO TI Tenecteplase and return of spontaneous circulation after refractory cardiopulmonary arrest SO SOUTHERN MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cardiac arrest; pulmonary embolism; tenecteplase; thrombolysis ID TISSUE-PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR; ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; SINGLE-BOLUS TENECTEPLASE; TIDAL CARBON-DIOXIDE; CARDIAC-ARREST; PULMONARY-EMBOLISM; THROMBOLYTIC THERAPY; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; RESUSCITATION; EFFICACY AB Even with the benefit of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, the prognosis of cardiac arrest remains poor. Multiple case series describe survival with the use of thrombolytic therapy for refractory cardiac arrest. Presumably thrombolysis treats that subset of cardiac arrest cases resulting from fulminant pulmonary embolism, or perhaps massive myocardial infarctions. Published reports to date have dealt exclusively with streptokinase, urokinase, reteplase, or recombinant tissue plasminogen activator. The authors report the first case of return of spontaneous circulation with the administration of tenecteplase. Tenecteplase is a recently developed reengineered isomer of tissue plasminogen activator that possesses many properties of the ideal cardiac arrest thrombolytic agent. It is bolus dosed, stable at room temperature before reconstitution, and is compatible with most other advanced cardiac life support medications. Because of clinical equivalency and its logistical advantages, tenecteplase should be evaluated as an alternative to other thrombolytics in future trials involving cardiac arrest. C1 USA, Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. USA, Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Cardiol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Med Coll Georgia, Dept Emergency Med, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. RP Adams, BD (reprint author), USA, Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM bruce.adams@amedd.army.mil NR 21 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0038-4348 J9 SOUTH MED J JI South.Med.J. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 97 IS 10 BP 1015 EP 1017 DI 10.1097/01.SMJ.0000141304.33759.74 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 893JH UT WOS:000226714600025 PM 15558935 ER PT J AU Jensen, JO AF Jensen, JO TI Vibrational frequencies and structural determination of 1,3-dichloro-1,3-diazetidine-2,4-dione SO SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE vibrations; normal mode frequencies; infrared spectra; Raman spectra; 1,3-dichloro-1,3-diazetidine-2,4-dione; 1,3-dichloro-2,4-uretidineedione; 1,3-dichlorouretidineedione ID CHLORO-ISOCYANATE; CHEMISTRY; DENSITY AB The normal mode frequencies and corresponding vibrational assignments of 1,3-dichloro-1,3-diazetidine-2,4-dione are examined theoretically using the Gaussian 98 set of quantum chemistry codes. Each of the vibrational modes was assigned to one of six types of motion predicted by a group theoretical analysis (C=O stretch, N-C stretch, N-Cl stretch, N-C-N bend, N-Cl bend, and C=O bend) utilizing the C-2h symmetry of the molecule. Uniform scaling factors was derived for each type of motion. Predicted infrared and Raman intensities are reported. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB, RRT,DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Jensen, JO (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB, RRT,DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM james.jensen@sbccom.apgea.army.mil NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1386-1425 J9 SPECTROCHIM ACTA A JI Spectroc. Acta Pt. A-Molec. Biomolec. Spectr. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 60 IS 12 BP 2719 EP 2723 DI 10.1016/j.saa.2004.01.009 PG 5 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA 856MV UT WOS:000224050200004 PM 15350904 ER PT J AU Jensen, JO AF Jensen, JO TI Vibrational frequencies and structural determination of diethynyldimethylsilane SO SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE vibrations; normal mode frequencies; infrared spectra; Raman spectra; diethynyldimethylsilane; 3,3-dimethyl-3-sila; 1,4-pentadyne ID DERIVATIVES; SPECTRA; ACETYLENES AB The normal mode frequencies and corresponding vibrational assignments of diethynyldimethylsilane are examined theoretically using the Gaussian 98 set of quantum chemistry codes. Each of the vibrational modes was assigned to one of nine types of motion predicted by a group theoretical analysis (Si-C stretch, Cequivalent toC stretch, C-H stretch, Cequivalent toC-H bend, Si-Cequivalent toC bend, C-Si-C bend, H-C-H bend, CH3 wag, and CH3 twist) utilizing the C-3v symmetry of the molecule. A set of uniform scaling factors was derived for each type of motion. Predicted infrared and Raman intensities are reported. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSRED, ECB,RT, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Jensen, JO (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSRED, ECB,RT, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM jim.jensen@us.army.mil NR 34 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1386-1425 J9 SPECTROCHIM ACTA A JI Spectroc. Acta Pt. A-Molec. Biomolec. Spectr. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 60 IS 12 BP 2751 EP 2758 DI 10.1016/j.saa.2004.01.014 PG 8 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA 856MV UT WOS:000224050200009 PM 15350909 ER PT J AU Jensen, JO AF Jensen, JO TI Vibrational frequencies and structural determination of triethynylmethylgermane SO SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE vibrations; normal mode frequencies; infrared spectra; Raman spectra; triethynylmethylgermane ID SPECTRA; DENSITY AB The normal mode frequencies and corresponding vibrational assignments of triethynylmethylgermane are examined theoretically using the Gaussian98 set of quantum chemistry codes. Each of the vibrational modes was assigned to one of nine types of motion predicted by a group theoretical analysis (Ge-C stretch, Cequivalent toC stretch, C-H stretch, Cequivalent toC-H bend, Ge-Cequivalent toC bend, C-Ge-C bend, H-C-H bend, CH3 wag, and CH3 twist) utilizing the C-3v symmetry of the molecule. Uniform scaling factors were derived for each type of motion. Predicted infrared and Raman intensities are reported. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSRD, ECB RT, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Jensen, JO (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSRD, ECB RT, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM jim.jensen@us.army.mil NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1386-1425 J9 SPECTROCHIM ACTA A JI Spectroc. Acta Pt. A-Molec. Biomolec. Spectr. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 60 IS 12 BP 2819 EP 2824 DI 10.1016/j.saa.2004.01.024 PG 6 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA 856MV UT WOS:000224050200017 PM 15350917 ER PT J AU Grant, KW van Wassenhove, V Poeppel, D AF Grant, KW van Wassenhove, V Poeppel, D TI Detection of auditory (cross-spectral) and auditory-visual (cross-modal) synchrony SO SPEECH COMMUNICATION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Audio-Visual Speech Processing CY 2003 CL St Jorioz, FRANCE DE spectro-temporal asynchrony; cross-modal asynchrony; auditory visual speech processing ID CORRELATIONAL METHOD; SPEECH RECOGNITION; PERCEPTION; ARTICULATION; INTEGRATION; SENTENCES; CUES AB Detection thresholds for temporal synchrony in auditory and auditory-visual sentence materials were obtained on normal-hearing subjects. For auditory conditions, thresholds were determined using an adaptive-tracking procedure to control the degree of temporal asynchrony of a narrow audio band of speech, both positive and negative in separate tracks, relative to three other narrow audio bands of speech. For auditory-visual conditions, thresholds were determined in a similar manner for each of four narrow audio bands of speech as well as a broadband speech condition, relative to a video image of a female speaker. Four different auditory filter conditions, as well as a broadband auditory-visual speech condition, were evaluated in order to determine whether detection thresholds were dependent on the spectral content of the acoustic speech signal. Consistent with previous studies of auditory-visual speech recognition which showed a broad, asymmetrical range of temporal synchrony for which intelligibility was basically unaffected (audio delays roughly between -40ms and +240ms), auditory-visual synchrony detection thresholds also showed a broad, asymmetrical pattern of similar magnitude (audio delays roughly between -45 ms and +200 ms). No differences in synchrony thresholds were observed for the different filtered bands of speech, or for broadband speech. In contrast, detection thresholds for audio-alone conditions were much smaller (between -17ms and +23ms) and symmetrical. These results suggest a fairly tight coupling between a subject's ability to detect cross-spectral (auditory) and cross-modal (auditory visual) asynchrony and the intelligibility of auditory and auditory-visual speech materials. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Army Audiol & Speech Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Maryland, Cognit Neurosci Language Lab, Neurosci & Cognit Sci Program, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Army Audiol & Speech Ctr, Bldg 2,Room 6A53C,6900 Geirgua Ave, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM grant@tidalwave.net RI Van Wassenhove, Virginie/F-4129-2010 OI Van Wassenhove, Virginie/0000-0002-2569-5502 NR 29 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6393 EI 1872-7182 J9 SPEECH COMMUN JI Speech Commun. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 44 IS 1-4 BP 43 EP 53 DI 10.1016/j.specom.2004.06.004 PG 11 WC Acoustics; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Acoustics; Computer Science GA 884HD UT WOS:000226074500005 ER PT J AU Qasim, MM Furey, J Fredrickson, HL Szecsody, J McGrath, C Bajpai, R AF Qasim, MM Furey, J Fredrickson, HL Szecsody, J McGrath, C Bajpai, R TI Semiempirical predictions of chemical degradation reaction mechanisms of CL-20 as related to molecular structure SO STRUCTURAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE CL-20; spectroscopy; free radicals; modes of degradation ID RDX AB Combining computer chemistry calculation with experimental verification is useful both in proving concepts and what is chemically possible. Computational predictions, using MOPAC quantum mechanical and classical force field mechanics, were used to investigate most likely first-tier intermediates of cyclic and cage cyclic nitramines-comparing bond lengths and angles, heats of formation, steric energy, dipole moments, solvent accessibility and electrostatic potential surfaces, partial charges, and Highest Occupied Molecular Orbitals/Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbitals (HOMO/LUMO) energies. Two competing modes of degradation are summarized: through addition of hydroxide ions and through addition of photo-induced free radicals. UV/VIS measured concentrations and followed the course of reactions. FTIR followed CL-20 degradation through alkali hydrolysis, where FTIR measurements verified theoretical predictions. C1 USA, ERDC, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. CSC, Vicksburg, MS USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. Univ Missouri, Columbia, MO USA. RP Qasim, MM (reprint author), USA, ERDC, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM Mohammad.M.Qasim@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 9 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 10 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1040-0400 J9 STRUCT CHEM JI Struct. Chem. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 15 IS 5 BP 493 EP 499 DI 10.1023/B:STUC.0000037907.27898.f5 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA 846QV UT WOS:000223331800021 ER PT J AU Dillman, JF McGary, KL Schlager, JJ AF Dillman, JF McGary, KL Schlager, JJ TI An inhibitor of p38 MAP kinase downregulates cytokine release induced by sulfur mustard exposure in human epidermal keratinocytes SO TOXICOLOGY IN VITRO LA English DT Article DE sulfur mustard; p38; p38 MAP kinase; MAPK14; cytokine ID SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION PATHWAYS; GENE-EXPRESSION; MOUSE SKIN; STRESS; INTERLEUKIN-8; MECHANISM; IRRITANT AB Sulfur mustard (2,2'-dichlorodiethyl sulfide, SM) is a potent alkylating agent that induces skin vessication after cutaneous exposure. Previous work has revealed that SM induces the production of inflammatory cytokines, including IL-8, IL-6, TNF-alpha, and IL-1beta, in keratinocytes. The p38 MAP kinase (MAPK14) signaling pathway is activated via phosphorylation in response to cellular stress and has been implicated in the upregulation of cytokines in response to stress. We investigated the role of p38 MAP kinase in inflammatory cytokine upregulation following SM exposure. A dose response study in cultured human epidermal keratinocytes (HEK) revealed increasing phosphorylation of p38 MAP kinase in response to increasing concentrations of SM. A time course at the 200 muM exposure revealed that p38 MAP kinase phosphorylation is induced by 15 min post-exposure, peaks at 30 min and is sustained at peak levels until 8 h post-exposure. Phosphorylation of the upstream kinase MKK3/6 was also detected. Assay of the SM-exposed HEK culture media for cytokines revealed that exposure to 200 muM SM increased IL-8, IL-6, TNF-alpha, and IL-1beta. When cells exposed to 200 muM SM were treated with the p38 MAP kinase inhibitor SB203580, the levels of IL-8, IL-6, and TNF-alpha and IL-10 were significantly decreased when compared with cells that were untreated. These results show that p38 MAP kinase plays a role in SM-induced cytokine production in HEK and suggest that inhibiting this pathway may alleviate the profound inflammatory response elicited by cutaneous SM exposure. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 US Army Med Res Inst Chem Def, Appl Pharmacol Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Dillman, JF (reprint author), US Army Med Res Inst Chem Def, Appl Pharmacol Branch, 3100 Ricketts Point Rd,MCMR-U, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM james.dillman@apg.amedd.army.mil NR 19 TC 40 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0887-2333 J9 TOXICOL IN VITRO JI Toxicol. Vitro PD OCT PY 2004 VL 18 IS 5 BP 593 EP 599 DI 10.1016/j.tiv.2004.01.009 PG 7 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 842RU UT WOS:000223022500005 PM 15251176 ER PT J AU Radil, K Zeszotek, M AF Radil, K Zeszotek, M TI An experimental investigation into the temperature profile of a compliant foil air bearing SO TRIBOLOGY TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 59th Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Tribologists-and-Lubrication-Engineers CY MAY 17-20, 2004 CL Toronto, CANADA SP Soc Tribologists & Lubricat Engineers DE foil air bearing; gas bearing; turbomachinery ID JOURNAL BEARINGS AB A series of tests was performed to determine the internal temperature profile in a compliant bump-type foil journal air bearing operating at room temperature under various speed and load conditions. The temperature profile was collected by instrumenting a foil bearing with nine type-K thermocouples arranged in the center and along the bearings edges in order to measure local temperatures and estimate thermal gradients in the axial and circumferential directions. To facilitate the measurement Of maximum temperatures from viscous shearing in the air film, the thermocouples were tack-welded to the backside of the bumps that were in direct contact with the top foil. The mating journal was coated with a high-temperature solid lubricant that, together with the bearing, underwent high-temperature start-stop cycles to produce a smooth, steady-state run-in surface. Tests were conducted at speeds from 20 to 50 krpm and loads ranged from 9 to 222 N. The results indicate that, over the conditions tested, both journal rotational speed and radial load are responsible for heat generation with speed playing a more significant role in the magnitude of the temperatures. The temperature distribution was nearly symmetric about the bearing center at 20 and 30 krpm but became slightly skewed toward one side at 40 and 50 krpm. Surprisingly, the maximum temperatures did not occur at the bearing edge, where the minimum film thickness is expected, but rather in the middle of the bearing, where analytical investigations have predicted the air film to be much thicker. Thermal gradients were common during testing and were strongest in the axial direction from the middle of the bearing to its edges, reaching 3.78degreesC/mm. The temperature profile indicated the circumferential thermal gradients were negligible. C1 USA, Cleveland, OH USA. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Radil, K (reprint author), USA, Cleveland, OH USA. NR 14 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 4 PU SOC TRIBOLOGISTS & LUBRICATION ENGINEERS PI PARK RIDGE PA 840 BUSSE HIGHWAY, PARK RIDGE, IL 60068 USA SN 1040-2004 J9 TRIBOL T JI Tribol. Trans. PD OCT-DEC PY 2004 VL 47 IS 4 BP 470 EP 479 DI 10.1080/05698190490501995 PG 10 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 867TO UT WOS:000224865500002 ER PT J AU Holden, MTG Titball, RW Peacock, SJ Cerdeno-Tarraga, AM Atkins, T Crossman, LC Pitt, T Churcher, C Mungall, K Bentley, SD Sebaihia, M Thomson, NR Bason, N Beacham, IR Brooks, K Brown, KA Brown, NF Challis, GL Cherevach, I Chillingworth, T Cronin, A Crossett, B Davis, P DeShazer, D Feltwell, T Fraser, A Hance, Z Hauser, H Holroyd, S Jagels, K Keith, KE Maddison, M Moule, S Price, C Quail, MA Rabbinowitsch, E Rutherford, K Sanders, M Simmonds, M Songsivilai, S Stevens, K Tumapa, S Vesaratchavest, M Whitehead, S Yeats, C Barrell, BG Oyston, PCF Parkhill, J AF Holden, MTG Titball, RW Peacock, SJ Cerdeno-Tarraga, AM Atkins, T Crossman, LC Pitt, T Churcher, C Mungall, K Bentley, SD Sebaihia, M Thomson, NR Bason, N Beacham, IR Brooks, K Brown, KA Brown, NF Challis, GL Cherevach, I Chillingworth, T Cronin, A Crossett, B Davis, P DeShazer, D Feltwell, T Fraser, A Hance, Z Hauser, H Holroyd, S Jagels, K Keith, KE Maddison, M Moule, S Price, C Quail, MA Rabbinowitsch, E Rutherford, K Sanders, M Simmonds, M Songsivilai, S Stevens, K Tumapa, S Vesaratchavest, M Whitehead, S Yeats, C Barrell, BG Oyston, PCF Parkhill, J TI Genornic plasticity of the causative agent of melioidosis, Burkholderia pseudomallei SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID COMPLETE GENOME SEQUENCE; MULTIPLEX PCR; PATHOGEN AB Burkholderia pseudomallei is a recognized biothreat agent and the causative agent of melioidosis. This Gram-negative bacterium exists as a soil saprophyte in melioidosis-endemic areas of the world and accounts for 20% of community-acquired septicaemias in northeastern Thailand where half of those affected die. Here we report the complete genome of B. pseudomallei, which is composed of two chromosomes of 4.07 megabase pairs and 3.17 megabase pairs, showing significant functional partitioning of genes between them. The large chromosome encodes many of the core functions associated with central metabolism and cell growth, whereas the small chromosome carries more accessory functions associated with adaptation and survival in different niches. Genomic comparisons with closely and more distantly related bacteria revealed a greater level of gene order conservation and a greater number of orthologous genes on the large chromosome, suggesting that the two replicons have distinct evolutionary origins. A striking feature of the genome was the presence of 16 genomic islands (GIs) that together made up 6.1% of the genome. Further analysis revealed these islands to be variably present in a collection of invasive and soil isolates but entirely absent from the clonally related organism B. mallei. We propose that variable horizontal gene acquisition by B. pseudomallei is an important feature of recent genetic evolution and that this has resulted in a genetically diverse pathogenic species. C1 Wellcome Trust Sanger Inst, Cambridge CB10 1SA, England. Def Sci & Technol Lab, Salisbury SP4 0JQ, Wilts, England. Univ London London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Infect & Trop Dis, London WC1E 7HT, England. Univ Oxford, John Radcliffe Hosp, Nuffield Dept Clin Med, Oxford OX3 9DU, England. Mahidol Univ, Fac Trop Med, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Cent Publ Hlth Lab, Div Nosocomial Infect Prevent & Control, Lab Hosp Infect, London NW9 5HT, England. Griffith Univ, Sch Hlth Sci, Gold Coast, Qld 9726, Australia. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Ctr Mol Microbiol, Dept Biol Sci, London SW7 2AZ, England. Univ Warwick, Dept Chem, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. US Army Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Mahidol Univ, Siriraj Hosp, Fac Med, Dept Immunol, Bangkok 10700, Thailand. RP Parkhill, J (reprint author), Wellcome Trust Sanger Inst, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Cambridge CB10 1SA, England. EM parkhill@sanger.ac.uk RI Parkhill, Julian/G-4703-2011; Holden, Matthew/K-6449-2014; Crossett, Ben/G-2316-2011; OI Parkhill, Julian/0000-0002-7069-5958; Holden, Matthew/0000-0002-4958-2166; Rutherford, Kim/0000-0001-6277-726X; Challis, Gregory/0000-0001-5976-3545 NR 33 TC 395 Z9 918 U1 8 U2 56 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD SEP 28 PY 2004 VL 101 IS 39 BP 14240 EP 14245 DI 10.1073/pnas.0403302101 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 858SG UT WOS:000224211400050 PM 15377794 ER PT J AU Pichyangkul, S Gettayacamin, M Miller, RS Lyon, JA Angov, E Tongtawe, P Ruble, DL Heppner, DG Kester, KE Ballou, WR Diggs, CL Voss, G Cohen, JD Walsh, DS AF Pichyangkul, S Gettayacamin, M Miller, RS Lyon, JA Angov, E Tongtawe, P Ruble, DL Heppner, DG Kester, KE Ballou, WR Diggs, CL Voss, G Cohen, JD Walsh, DS TI Pre-clinical evaluation of the malaria vaccine candidate P-falciparum MSP1(42) formulated with novel adjuvants or with alum SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE malaria vaccine; P. falciparum MSPl(42); novel adjuvants ID MEROZOITE SURFACE PROTEIN-1; PLASMACYTOID DENDRITIC CELLS; CARBOXYL-TERMINAL FRAGMENT; PROTECTS AOTUS MONKEYS; HEPATITIS-B VACCINE; T-CELLS; INTERFERON-GAMMA; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; SERINE-PROTEASE; PRIMATE MODELS AB We compared the safety and immunogenicity of the recombinant Plasmodium faciparum MSP1(42) antigen formulated with four novel adjuvant systems (AS01B, AS2A, AS05 and AS08) to alum in rhesus monkeys. All five formulations Of MSP1(4) were safe and immunogenic. Whereas, all MSP1(42) formulations tested generated high stimulation indices for lymphocyte proliferation (ranging from 27 to 50), the AS02A and AS01B formulations induced the highest levels of specific anti-MSP1(42) antibody. ELISPOT assays showed that the AS02A and AS01B vaccine formulations-induced different cytokine response profiles. Using the ratio of IFN-gamma/IL-5 secreting cells as the metric, the AS01B formulation induced a strong Th1 response, whereas the AS02A formulation induced a balanced Th1/Th2 response. The IFN-gamma response generated by AS02A and AS01B formulations persisted at least 24 weeks after final vaccination. The notable difference in Th1/Th2 polarization induced by the AS02A and AS01B formulations warrants comparative clinical testing. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Immunol & Med, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. AFRIMS, Dept Vet Med, Bangkok, Thailand. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Malaria Vaccine Program, Silver Spring, MD USA. GlaxoSmithKline Biol, Rixensart, Belgium. US Agency Int Dev, Malaria Vaccine Dev Program, Washington, DC USA. RP Pichyangkul, S (reprint author), Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Immunol & Med, 315-6 Rajvithi Rd, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. EM SathitP@AFRIMS.ORG RI Kester, Kent/A-2114-2011 OI Kester, Kent/0000-0002-5056-0802 NR 55 TC 44 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD SEP 28 PY 2004 VL 22 IS 29-30 BP 3831 EP 3840 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2004.07.023 PG 10 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 857YA UT WOS:000224154700004 PM 15364429 ER PT J AU Wang, Y Kempa, K Kimball, B Carlson, JB Benham, G Li, WZ Kempa, T Rybczynski, J Herczynski, A Ren, ZF AF Wang, Y Kempa, K Kimball, B Carlson, JB Benham, G Li, WZ Kempa, T Rybczynski, J Herczynski, A Ren, ZF TI Receiving and transmitting light-like radio waves: Antenna effect in arrays of aligned carbon nanotubes SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PERIODIC ARRAYS; GROWTH AB We present optical measurements of random arrays of aligned carbon nanotubes, and show that the response is consistent with conventional radio antenna theory. We first demonstrate the polarization effect, the suppression of the reflected signal when the electric field of the incoming radiation is polarized perpendicular to the nanotube axis. Next, we observe the interference colors of the reflected light from an array, and show that they result from the length matching antenna effect. This antenna effect could be used in a variety of optoelectronic devices, including THz and IR detectors. (C) American Institute of Physics. C1 Boston Coll, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 USA. USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Mega Wave Corp, Boylston, MA 01505 USA. Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33199 USA. RP Wang, Y (reprint author), Boston Coll, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 USA. EM wangyq@bc.edu RI Ren, Zhifeng/B-4275-2014; Li, Wenzhi/J-6797-2016 OI Li, Wenzhi/0000-0001-8442-2232 NR 12 TC 198 Z9 202 U1 2 U2 29 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD SEP 27 PY 2004 VL 85 IS 13 BP 2607 EP 2609 DI 10.1063/1.1797559 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 858FS UT WOS:000224178300053 ER PT J AU Li, YL Ramesh, KT Chin, ESC AF Li, YL Ramesh, KT Chin, ESC TI The mechanical response of an A359/SiCp MMC and the A359 aluminum matrix to dynamic shearing deformations SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE metal-matrix composites; torsion; high-strain-rate; shearing; failure; rate-dependence ID HOPKINSON-BAR; COMPOSITE; STRAIN; BEHAVIOR; STRESS; LOCALIZATION; FAILURE; ALLOYS; FLOW AB The mechanical response of a metal-matrix composite to dynamic shearing deformations has been measured, using a new design of the thin-walled tubular specimen for the torsional Kolsky bar experiment that allows working with these difficult-to-machine materials. The advantages of using the new specimen design are as follows: (i) the thickness of the thin wall along the axial direction is very uniform; (ii) specimen machining is extremely simple; (iii) the cost of specimen machining is greatly reduced. The approach has been used to characterize the high shear strain rate (10(3) s(-1)) behavior of an A359/SiCp composite and its corresponding A359 monolithic alloy with the torsion Kolsky bar. The experimental results show that the flow stress of the composite in shear increases in the presence of SiC particles, whereas the failure strain is reduced. The shear failure strains of both the A359/SiCp composite and the A359 monolithic alloy appear to increase with increasing strain rate. Previous observations have shown that particle fracture develops during compressive deformations of this material. However, particle fracture is not a significant damage mode during the shearing deformations of the composite, and this is reflected in differences between the torsional and tension behaviors of the material. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Engn Mech, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Army Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Ramesh, KT (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Engn Mech, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. EM ramesh@jhu.edu NR 25 TC 26 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD SEP 25 PY 2004 VL 382 IS 1-2 BP 162 EP 170 DI 10.1016/j.msea.2004.04.062 PG 9 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 859LK UT WOS:000224264900020 ER PT J AU Kaholek, M Lee, WK Ahn, SJ Ma, HW Caster, KC LaMattina, B Zauscher, S AF Kaholek, M Lee, WK Ahn, SJ Ma, HW Caster, KC LaMattina, B Zauscher, S TI Stimulus-responsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) brushes and nanopatterns prepared by surface-initiated polymerization SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID TRANSFER RADICAL POLYMERIZATION; SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS; OPENING METATHESIS POLYMERIZATION; POLY N-ISOPROPYLACRYLAMIDE; SCANNING-PROBE LITHOGRAPHY; ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPE; AQUEOUS-MEDIA; AMBIENT-TEMPERATURE; SILICON SURFACES; SOLID-SURFACES AB In this paper we report the surface-initiated polymerization of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (pNIPAAM), a stimulus-responsive polymer, from monolayers of omega-mereaptoundecyl bromoisobutyrate on gold-coated surfaces. pNIPAAM was polymerized in aqueous solution at a low methanol concentration at room temperature to maintain the growing pNIPAAM chains in a hydrophilic and an extended conformational state. Under these conditions thick polymer brush layers (up to 500 nm in the swollen state) are produced after 1 h of polymerization. We present a new and simple strategy to fabricate stimulus-responsive, surface-confined pNIPAAM brush nanopatterns prepared in a "grafting-from" approach that combines "nanoshaving", a scanning probe lithography method, with surface-initiated polymerization. The reversible, stimulus-responsive conformational height change of bulk and nanopatterned polymer brushes was demonstrated by repeated cycling in water and water/methanol mixtures (1: 1, v/v). Our findings are consistent with the behaviour of laterally confined and covalently attached polymer chains, where chain mobility is restricted largely to the outof-plane direction. The present work is significant because the triggered control of interfacial properties on the nanometer scale holds significant promise for actuation in bio-nanotechnology applications where polymeric actuators may manipulate the transport, separation, and detection of biomolecules. C1 Duke Univ, Dept Mech Engn & Mat Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Duke Univ, Ctr Biol Inspired Mat & Mat Syst, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Duke Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Duke Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Durham, NC 27708 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Zauscher, S (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Mech Engn & Mat Sci, 144 Hudson Hall,Box 90300, Durham, NC 27708 USA. EM zauscher@duke.edu RI Zauscher, Stefan/C-3947-2008 NR 60 TC 130 Z9 130 U1 10 U2 42 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0897-4756 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD SEP 21 PY 2004 VL 16 IS 19 BP 3688 EP 3696 DI 10.1021/cm049562y PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 855LI UT WOS:000223974300017 ER PT J AU Scaffidi, J Pearman, W Lawrence, M Carter, JC Colston, BW Angel, SM AF Scaffidi, J Pearman, W Lawrence, M Carter, JC Colston, BW Angel, SM TI Spatial and temporal dependence of interspark interactions in femtosecond-nanosecond dual-pulse laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID INDUCED PLASMA SPECTROSCOPY; PRE-ABLATION SPARK; SHOCK-WAVES; LIBS PLASMA; EMISSION; EXCITATION; EXCIMER; SPECTROMETRY; WAVELENGTH; ATMOSPHERE AB A femtosecond air spark has recently been combined with a nanosecond ablative pulse in order to map the spatial and temporal interactions of the two plasmas in femtosecond-nanosecond orthogonal preablation spark dual-pulse laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). Good spatial and temporal correlation was found for reduced atomic emission from atmospheric species (nitrogen and oxygen) and increased atomic emission from ablated species (copper and aluminum) in the femtosecond-nanosecond plasma, suggesting a potential role for atmospheric pressure or nitrogen/oxygen concentration reduction following air spark formation in generating atomic emission enhancements in dual-pulse LIBS. (C) 2004 Optical Society of America. C1 Univ S Carolina, Dept Chem & Biochem, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Chem, West Point, NY 10996 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Med Technol Program, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Scaffidi, J (reprint author), Univ S Carolina, Dept Chem & Biochem, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. EM angel@mail.chem.sc.edu OI Angel, Stanley/0000-0002-0328-0568 NR 42 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 7 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD SEP 20 PY 2004 VL 43 IS 27 BP 5243 EP 5250 DI 10.1364/AO.43.005243 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA 854SF UT WOS:000223922900015 PM 15473246 ER PT J AU Tang, YQ Dong, YX Karle, JM DiTusa, CA Vennerstrom, JL AF Tang, YQ Dong, YX Karle, JM DiTusa, CA Vennerstrom, JL TI Synthesis of tetrasubstituted ozonides by the griesbaum coozonolysis reaction: Diastereoselectivity and functional group transformations by post-ozonolysis reactions SO JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID O-METHYL OXIMES; VINYL ETHERS; SUBSTITUTION-REACTIONS; CONJUGATED DIENES; CARBONYL OXIDES; POLYETHYLENE; CYCLOALKENES; ACETYLENES; OZONATION; PEROXIDE AB The diastereoselectivity of the Griesbaum co-ozonolysis reaction with O-methyl 2-adamantanone oxime and 4-substituted cyclohexanones reveals that the major tetrasubstituted ozonide isomers possess cis configurations, suggesting a preferred axial attack of the carbonyl oxide on the cyclohexanone dipolarophiles. It is evident that these tetrasubstituted ozonides are quite stable to triphenylphosphine, borohydrides, hydrazine, alkyllithiums, Grignard reagents, mercaptides, and aqueous KOH as illustrated by the synthesis of amine, alcohol, acid, ester, ether, sulfide, sulfone, and heterocycle-functionalized ozonides by a wide range of post-ozonolysis transformations. C1 Univ Nebraska, Med Ctr, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Coll Pharm, Omaha, NE 68198 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Vennerstrom, JL (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Med Ctr, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Coll Pharm, Omaha, NE 68198 USA. EM jvenners@unmc.edu RI DiTusa, Charles/A-9143-2011 NR 37 TC 51 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0022-3263 J9 J ORG CHEM JI J. Org. Chem. PD SEP 17 PY 2004 VL 69 IS 19 BP 6470 EP 6473 DI 10.1021/jo040171c PG 4 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 854JA UT WOS:000223897700039 PM 15357611 ER PT J AU Mattson, WD Sanchez-Portal, D Chiesa, S Martin, RM AF Mattson, WD Sanchez-Portal, D Chiesa, S Martin, RM TI Prediction of new phases of nitrogen at high pressure from first-principles simulations SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID EQUATION-OF-STATE; GPA; TRANSITION; SOLIDS; CARBON AB A rich variety of competing phases is predicted for nitrogen at accessible pressures, including a new metallic chainlike phase very close in energy to the previously predicted cubic gauche phase, and other phases at slightly higher energies, e.g., one with N-2 and N-6 units. Large energy barriers between structures can account for recent observations of metastability, and we identify a low barrier transition path from the known epsilon phase to the chainlike metallic phase. In analogy to MgB2, the metal is anisotropic with multiple Fermi surfaces formed from pi and sigma states. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Ctr Mixto CSIC UPV EHU, San Sebastian 20080, Spain. DIPC, San Sebastian 20080, Spain. RP Mattson, WD (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RI Sanchez-Portal, Daniel /E-5858-2010; CSIC-UPV/EHU, CFM/F-4867-2012; DONOSTIA INTERNATIONAL PHYSICS CTR., DIPC/C-3171-2014 NR 31 TC 81 Z9 86 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 17 PY 2004 VL 93 IS 12 AR 125501 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.125501 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 854SO UT WOS:000223923800042 PM 15447274 ER PT J AU Sheth, JP Aneja, A Wilkes, GL Yilgor, E Atilla, GE Yilgor, I Beyer, FL AF Sheth, JP Aneja, A Wilkes, GL Yilgor, E Atilla, GE Yilgor, I Beyer, FL TI Influence of system variables on the morphological and dynamic mechanical behavior of polydimethylsiloxane based segmented polyurethane and polyurea copolymers: a comparative perspective SO POLYMER LA English DT Article DE siloxane; polyurethane; polyurea; segmented copolymer ID ANGLE X-RAY; CO-POLYMERS; BLOCK-COPOLYMERS; SCATTERING DATA; DIMETHYLSILOXANE; POLY(DIMETHYLSILOXANE); OLIGOMERS; URETHANES; PARAMETER AB The effect of the variables of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) soft segment (SS) length, hard segment (HS) type and content as well as choice of chain extender (its MW and symmetry) on the morphology of segmented polyurethane and polyurea copolymers was investigated. The methods of dynamic mechanic analysis, small angle X-ray scattering, atomic force microscopy, and mechanical testing were used in this analysis. Average PDMS MW of 900, 2500 or 7000 g/mol were utilized and the hard segment content ranged from 16 to 50 wt%. HMDI was used as the diisocyanate. All copolymers were synthesized via the prepolymer method. The PDMS MW had a marked effect on the morphology of the materials. Copolymers with PDMS MW of 2500 and 7000 g/mol were clearly found to be well microphase separated relative to those containing the 900 g/mol PDMS SS. The polyurea sample with a PDMS MW of 7000 and HS content of 25 wt% exhibited a remarkable service temperature window (for rubber-like behavior) of ca. 230 degreesC (from -55 to 175 degreesC) whereas it was ca. 200 degreesC wide (from -55 to 145 degreesC) for the equivalent polyurethane sample. In general, the degree of microphase separation was found to be greater in the polyurea samples due to their more cohesive bidentate hydrogen bonding. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Polymer Mat & Interfaces Lab, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. Koc Univ, Dept Chem, TR-34450 Istanbul, Turkey. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Wilkes, GL (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Polymer Mat & Interfaces Lab, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM gwilkes@vt.edu RI He, Yong/F-8752-2012 NR 49 TC 115 Z9 119 U1 6 U2 53 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0032-3861 J9 POLYMER JI Polymer PD SEP 16 PY 2004 VL 45 IS 20 BP 6919 EP 6932 DI 10.1016/j.polymer.2004.06.057 PG 14 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 855WM UT WOS:000224005600017 ER PT J AU Harrison, SA Fincke, C Helinski, D Torgerson, S Hayashi, P AF Harrison, SA Fincke, C Helinski, D Torgerson, S Hayashi, P TI A pilot study of orlistat treatment in obese, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis patients SO ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article ID HEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMA; FATTY LIVER; WEIGHT-REDUCTION; NATURAL-HISTORY; MORPHOLOGY; PREVALENCE; DISEASE AB Background: Treatment options for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are limited. Weight loss remains the most recommended therapy. Orlistat is an effective adjunct to dietary weight loss therapy. Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of orlistat, given for 6 months to patients with obesity and biopsy confirmed NASH. Methods: Ten obese patients with biopsy proven NASH were enrolled. Orlistat was given with meals for 6 months. Body Mass Index (BMI), liver enzymes, haemoglobin A(1c), fasting lipids and glucose were assessed at baseline and at completion of the study. Paired liver histology was obtained. Results: Six women and four men were enrolled. The mean weight loss was 22.7 lb and ranged from 0 to 24.3%. The following clinical values significantly improved: mean BMI: 43.4-39.8 (P = 0.007); mean haemoglobin A(1c) (%): 7.14-5.95 (P = 0.021); mean alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (U/L): 93 -54 (P = 0.009); and mean aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (U/L): 79-48 (P = 0.008). Steatosis improved in six patients, and fibrosis improved in three patients. Conclusions: Orlistat therapy and dietary counselling were associated with significant decreases in body weight, haemoglobin A(1c), ALT and AST. A 10% or greater reduction in weight improved steatosis and fibrosis as well as haemoglobin A(1c) levels in the majority of patients treated for 6 months. Controlled trials of longer duration are warranted to assess for histopathologic improvement as well as cost-efficacy in comparison to diet and exercise alone. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Gastroenterol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Nutr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. RP Harrison, SA (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Gastroenterol, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM stephen.harrison@cen.amedd.army.mil NR 21 TC 108 Z9 110 U1 0 U2 4 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0269-2813 J9 ALIMENT PHARM THERAP JI Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. PD SEP 15 PY 2004 VL 20 IS 6 BP 623 EP 628 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2004.02153.x PG 6 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 851VE UT WOS:000223713300005 PM 15352910 ER PT J AU Davis, KA Stewart, JJ Crouch, HK Florez, CE Hospenthal, DR AF Davis, KA Stewart, JJ Crouch, HK Florez, CE Hospenthal, DR TI Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) nares colonization at hospital admission and its effect on subsequent MRSA infection SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID INTENSIVE-CARE-UNIT; RISK-FACTORS; BACTEREMIA; MORTALITY; CARRIAGE; TRANSMISSION; RATES AB Background. Asymptomatic colonization with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ( MRSA) has been described as a risk factor for subsequent MRSA infection. MRSA is an important nosocomial pathogen but has currently been reported in patients without typical risk factors for nosocomial acquisition. This study was designed to evaluate the impact of asymptomatic nares MRSA colonization on the development of subsequent MRSA infection. The incidence of MRSA infection was examined in patients with and patients without MRSA or methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) colonization at admission to the hospital and in those who developed colonization during hospitalization. Methods. Patients admitted to 5 representative hospital units were prospectively evaluated. Nares samples were obtained for culture at admission and during hospitalization. Laboratory culture results were monitored to identify all MRSA infections that occurred during the study period and 1 year thereafter. Results. Of the 758 patients who had cultures of nares samples performed at admission, 3.4% were colonized with MRSA, and 21% were colonized with MSSA. A total of 19% of patients with MRSA colonization at admission and 25% who acquired MRSA colonization during hospitalization developed infection with MRSA, compared with 1.5% and 2.0% of patients colonized with MSSA (P < .01) and uncolonized (P < .01), respectively, at admission. MRSA colonization at admission increased the risk of subsequent MRSA infection, compared with MSSA colonization (relative risk [RR], 13; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.7 - 64) or no staphylococcal colonization ( RR, 9.5; 95% CI, 3.6 - 25) at admission. Acquisition of MRSA colonization also increased the risk for subsequent MRSA infection, compared with no acquisition (RR, 12; 95% CI, 4.0 - 38). Conclusion. MRSA colonization of nares, either present at admission to the hospital or acquired during hospitalization, increases the risk for MRSA infection. Identifying MRSA colonization at admission could target a high-risk population that may benefit from interventions to decrease the risk for subsequent MRSA infection. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, MCHE MDI, Dept Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Infect Control Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Davis, KA (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, MCHE MDI, Dept Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM kepler.davis@amedd.army.mil NR 31 TC 325 Z9 329 U1 1 U2 17 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD SEP 15 PY 2004 VL 39 IS 6 BP 776 EP 782 DI 10.1086/422997 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 904JD UT WOS:000227491500004 PM 15472807 ER PT J AU Sullivan, PD Rood, MJ Grevillot, G Wander, JD Hay, KJ AF Sullivan, PD Rood, MJ Grevillot, G Wander, JD Hay, KJ TI Activated carbon fiber cloth electrothermal swing adsorption system SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ORGANIC VAPORS; DESORPTION; REGENERATION; RECOVERY AB Capture and recovery of hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from gas streams using physical adsorption onto activated carbon fiber cloth (ACFC) is demonstrated on the bench-scale. This system is regenerated electrothermally, by passing an electric current directly through the ACFC. The adsorbate desorbs from the ACFC, rapidly condenses on the inside walls of the adsorber, and then drains from the adsorber as a pure liquid. Rapid electrothermal desorption exhibits such unique characteristics as extremely low purge gas flow rate, rapid rate of ACFC heating, rapid mass transfer kinetics inherent to ACFC, and in-vessel condensation. An existing system was scaled up 500%, and the new system was modeled using material and energy balances. Adsorption isotherms using methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) and ACFC were obtained while electricity passed through the ACFC and at temperatures above MEK's boiling point. These isotherms agreed within 7% to Dubinin-Radushkevich modeled isotherms that were extrapolated from independently determined gravimetric measurements obtained at lower temperatures. Energy and material balances for the electrothermal desorption of organic vapors and ACFC agree to within 7% of experimentally measured values. These results allow the modeling of electrothermal desorption of organic vapors from gas streams with in-vessel condensation to optimize operating conditions of the system during regeneration of the adsorbent. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Ecole Natl Super Ind Chim, CNRS, Chem Engn Sci Lab, F-54001 Nancy, France. USAF, Res Lab, Tyndall AFB, FL 32403 USA. USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Champaign, IL 61826 USA. RP Sullivan, PD (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM patrick.sullivan@tyndall.af.mil; mrood@uiuc.edu NR 24 TC 40 Z9 41 U1 2 U2 23 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD SEP 15 PY 2004 VL 38 IS 18 BP 4865 EP 4877 DI 10.1021/es0306415 PG 13 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 854XZ UT WOS:000223938500028 PM 15487798 ER PT J AU Motayed, A Sharma, A Jones, KA Derenge, MA Iliadis, AA Mohammad, SN AF Motayed, A Sharma, A Jones, KA Derenge, MA Iliadis, AA Mohammad, SN TI Electrical characteristics of AlxGa1-xN Schottky diodes prepared by a two-step surface treatment SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID OHMIC CONTACT FORMATION; MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; DRY-ETCH DAMAGE; N-TYPE GAN; P-TYPE GAN; BARRIER HEIGHT; GALLIUM NITRIDE; DEPENDENCE; ALGAN; AL(X)GA1-XN AB Near-ideal Schottky barrier contacts to n-type Al0.22Ga0.78N have been developed by a two-step surface treatment technique. Plasma etching of the AlxGa1-xN surface prior to Schottky metal deposition, combined with sequential chemical treatment of the etched surface, holds promise for developing high quality low-leakage Schottky contacts for low noise applications and for recessed gate high electron mobility transistors. In this work, the effect of postetch chemical treatment of the n-type Al0.22Ga0.78N surface on the performance of the Ni/Au based Schottky contact has been investigated. Three different types of chemical treatment: viz, reactive ion etching, reactive ion etching plus dipping in hot aqua regia, and reactive ion etching plus dipping in hot KOH, are studied. Detailed current-voltage studies of three different surface treated diodes and a comparison with as-deposited diodes reveal significant improvement in the diode characteristics. The latter surface treatment yields Ni/Au Schottky diodes with very low reverse leakage currents, breakdown voltages greater than 44 V, and an ideality factor as low as 1.14. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Howard Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Washington, DC 20059 USA. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Component Technol & Radiat Branch, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Mohammad, SN (reprint author), Howard Univ, Dept Elect Engn, 2300 6th St NW, Washington, DC 20059 USA. EM snmohammad2002@yahoo.com NR 38 TC 26 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 17 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD SEP 15 PY 2004 VL 96 IS 6 BP 3286 EP 3295 DI 10.1063/1.1769096 PG 10 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 851XO UT WOS:000223720000036 ER PT J AU Fleming, SD Monestier, M Tsokost, GC AF Fleming, SD Monestier, M Tsokost, GC TI Accelerated ischemia/reperfusion-induced injury in autoimmunity-prone mice SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INTESTINAL ISCHEMIA-REPERFUSION; RAT SMALL-INTESTINE; SYSTEMIC-LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS; INDUCED PREGNANCY LOSS; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; NATURAL ANTIBODIES; TISSUE-INJURY; ORGAN INJURY; LINK INNATE; B-CELLS AB Natural Abs have been implicated in initiating mesenteric ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced tissue injury. Autoantibodies have affinity and self-Ag recognition patterns similar to natural Abs. We considered that autoimmunity-prone mice that express high titers of autoantibodies should have enhanced I/R-induced injury. Five-month-old B6.MRL/lpr mice displayed accelerated and enhanced intestinal I/R-induced damage compared with 2-mo-old B6.MRL/lpr and age-matched C57BL/6 mice. Similarly, older autoimmune mice had accelerated remote organ (lung) damage. Infusion of serum IgG derived from 5-mo-old but not 2-mo-old B6.MRL/lpr into I/R resistant Rag-1(-/-) mice rendered them susceptible to local and remote organ injury. Injection of monoclonal IgG anti-DNA and anti-histone Abs into Rag-1(-/-) mice effectively reconstituted tissue injury. These data show that like natural Abs, autoantibodies, such as anti-dsDNA and anti-histone Abs, can instigate I/R injury and suggest that they are involved in the development of tissue damage inpatients with systemic lupus erythematosus. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Temple Univ, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Philadelphia, PA 19140 USA. RP Tsokost, GC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, 503 Robert Grant Rd, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM gtsokos@usuhs.mil FU NIAID NIH HHS [R0-1 AI42782] NR 42 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD SEP 15 PY 2004 VL 173 IS 6 BP 4230 EP 4235 PG 6 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 854CN UT WOS:000223878000075 PM 15356174 ER PT J AU Waitumbi, JN Donvito, B Kisserli, A Cohen, JHM Stoute, JA AF Waitumbi, JN Donvito, B Kisserli, A Cohen, JHM Stoute, JA TI Age-related changes in red blood cell complement regulatory proteins and susceptibility to severe malaria SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 50th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 11-15, 2001 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg ID SYSTEMIC-LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; IMMUNE-COMPLEXES; CEREBRAL MALARIA; RECEPTOR CR-1; CHILDREN; TRANSMISSION; ERYTHROCYTES; BINDING; INDICATORS AB Severe malaria-associated anemia and cerebral malaria are life-threatening complications of Plasmodium falciparum infection. Red blood cell (RBC) complement regulatory proteins (CRPs) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of both. We sought to determine whether there are age-related changes in the expression of CRPs that could explain the susceptibility to severe malaria-associated anemia in young children and the susceptibility to cerebral malaria in older children and adults. In cross-sectional surveys in malaria-endemic and -nonendemic areas of Kenya and in Reims, France, the level of RBC CRPs was lowest in young children and increased into adulthood. In case-control studies, patients with cerebral malaria and matched control subjects had higher levels of RBC CRPs than did patients with severe anemia and matched control subjects, especially during convalescence. We conclude that RBC CRP levels vary with age and that the lower levels of these proteins in young children in areas of high transmission, such as western Kenya, may place these children at greater risk of severe malaria-associated anemia than cerebral malaria. C1 USA, Med Res Unit, Nairobi, Kenya. Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Nairobi, Kenya. Hop Robert Debre, Immunol Lab, Reims, France. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Stoute, JA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM jose.stoute@us.army.mil FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL 71502-01] NR 28 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD SEP 15 PY 2004 VL 190 IS 6 BP 1183 EP 1191 DI 10.1086/423140 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 850SS UT WOS:000223633400020 PM 15319870 ER PT J AU Lu, XCM Williams, AJ Yao, C Berti, R Hartings, JA Whipple, R Vahey, MT Polavarapu, RG Woller, KL Tortella, FC Dave, JR AF Lu, XCM Williams, AJ Yao, C Berti, R Hartings, JA Whipple, R Vahey, MT Polavarapu, RG Woller, KL Tortella, FC Dave, JR TI Microarray analysis of acute and delayed gene expression profile in rats after focal ischemic brain injury and reperfusion SO JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE GeneChip; time-course; synaptic protein genes; middle cerebral artery occlusion; MCAo ID SODIUM-CHANNEL BLOCKER; TRANSIENT CEREBRAL-ISCHEMIA; HIPPOCAMPAL EXPRESSION; EPILEPTIFORM ACTIVITY; INHIBITOR MLN519; ARTERY OCCLUSION; DOWN-REGULATION; DELTA-ACTIVITY; RECEPTOR GENE; NEUROPROTECTION AB Temporal changes in gene expression were measured using DNA microarrays after 30-min or 2-hr transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) in rats. Total RNA was extracted from the injured hemisphere at 30 min, 4 hr, 8 hr, 24 hr, 3 days, and 7 days after MCAo for GeneChip analysis using Affymetrix U34 Rat Neurobiology arrays (1,322 functional genes). In total, 267 genes were expressed differentially: 166 genes were upregulated, 94 genes were downregulated, and 7 genes were biphasically up- and downregulated. Among all differentially expressed genes, 88 were newly identified as associated with ischemic brain injury. Most affected genes were distributed among 12 functional categories. Immediate early genes, transcription factors, and heat shock proteins were upregulated as early as 30 min after MCAo, followed by the upregulation of inflammation, apoptosis, cytoskeletal, and metabolism genes, which peaked within 4-24 hr of injury. Neurotrophic growth factors exhibited a sustained upregulation beginning 24 hr after MCAo and persisting through 7 days postinjury. Three classes of genes were downregulated with distinct temporal patterns: ion channel genes and neurotransmitter receptor genes were downregulated between 8-24 hr after injury, whereas synaptic proteins genes were downregulated between 3-7 days after MCAo. Downregulation of synaptic protein gene expression after ischemic injury is of particular interest because of its conspicuously delayed pattern as a functional group, which has not been reported previously and may play a role in post-injury recovery. (C) 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, Dept Appl Neurobiol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, Rockville, MD USA. Emory Univ, Sch Med, Microarray Core Facil, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA USA. RP Lu, XCM (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, Dept Appl Neurobiol, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM May.Lu@na.amedd.army.mil NR 40 TC 73 Z9 77 U1 1 U2 4 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0360-4012 J9 J NEUROSCI RES JI J. Neurosci. Res. PD SEP 15 PY 2004 VL 77 IS 6 BP 843 EP 857 DI 10.1002/jnr.20218 PG 15 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 852DN UT WOS:000223735500007 PM 15334602 ER PT J AU Videen, G Yatskiv, YS Mishchenko, MI AF Videen, G Yatskiv, YS Mishchenko, MI TI Photopolarimetry in remote sensing - Preface SO JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, Main Astron Observ, Kiev, Ukraine. NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, New York, NY 10025 USA. RP Videen, G (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM gvideen@art.army.mil RI Mishchenko, Michael/D-4426-2012 NR 2 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4073 J9 J QUANT SPECTROSC RA JI J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transf. PD SEP 15 PY 2004 VL 88 IS 1-3 BP 1 EP 2 DI 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2004.05.001 PG 2 WC Optics; Spectroscopy SC Optics; Spectroscopy GA 847SQ UT WOS:000223415600001 ER PT J AU Gurton, KR Dahmani, R Videen, G AF Gurton, KR Dahmani, R Videen, G TI Reduced polarized thermal emission due to surface contamination by dew and atmospheric aerosols SO JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference of the NATO-Advanced-Study-Institute on Photopolarimetry in Remote Sensing CY SEP 20-OCT 03, 2003 CL Yalta, UKRAINE SP NATO, Adv Study Inst AB We report on a series of polarimetric measurements designed to quantify the degree by which polarized thermal emittance is attenuated by either dew formation or contamination by atmospheric aerosols. In particular, we measure changes in the linear degree of polarization from smooth borosilicate glass (pyrex) substrates that are subject to either dew formation or contamination by three aerosol particulates, i.e., carbon black, KBr particles, and Dactylis glomerata (orchard grass) pollen. Calibrated polarimetric images of the contaminated substrates are recorded in the 8.5-10.5 mum waveband region using a specially modified thermal camera. Video microscopy is used to characterize the degree in which the surface is covered by the contaminate in question. Results are compared with a geometric based model that effectively modifies the Fresnel relation to account for masking of the surface by the contaminate and/or particle shadowing. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Gurton, KR (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4073 J9 J QUANT SPECTROSC RA JI J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transf. PD SEP 15 PY 2004 VL 88 IS 1-3 BP 61 EP 70 DI 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2004.03.025 PG 10 WC Optics; Spectroscopy SC Optics; Spectroscopy GA 847SQ UT WOS:000223415600008 ER PT J AU Zubko, E Shkuratov, Y Hart, M Eversole, J Videen, G AF Zubko, E Shkuratov, Y Hart, M Eversole, J Videen, G TI Backscatter of agglomerate particles SO JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference of the NATO-Advanced-Study-Institute on Photopolarimetry in Remote Sensing CY SEP 20-OCT 04, 2003 CL Yalta, UKRAINE SP NATO, Adv Study Inst DE light scattering; bacteria-like particles; negative polarization; opposition effect 2 ID DISCRETE-DIPOLE APPROXIMATION; LIGHT-SCATTERING; DEFORMED DROPLETS; INCLUSIONS; GRAINS AB We use the discrete dipole approximation (DDA) to study the backscatter of agglomerate particles consisting of oblong monomers. We examine the effects of monomer number and packing structure on the resulting negative polarization branch at small phase angle. We find large a dependence on the orientation of the monomers within the agglomerate and a smaller dependence on the number of monomers, suggesting that the mechanism producing the negative polarization minimum depends strongly on the interactions between the individual monomers. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Kharkov Natl Univ, Inst Astron, UA-61022 Kharkov, Ukraine. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. USA, Res Lab, AMSRL CI EM, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Kharkov Natl Univ, Inst Astron, 35 Sumskaya St, UA-61022 Kharkov, Ukraine. EM zubko@astron.kharkov.ua NR 25 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4073 EI 1879-1352 J9 J QUANT SPECTROSC RA JI J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transf. PD SEP 15 PY 2004 VL 88 IS 1-3 BP 163 EP 171 DI 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2004.03.026 PG 9 WC Optics; Spectroscopy SC Optics; Spectroscopy GA 847SQ UT WOS:000223415600017 ER PT J AU Shkuratov, Y Ovcharenko, A Zubko, E Volten, H Munoz, O Videen, G AF Shkuratov, Y Ovcharenko, A Zubko, E Volten, H Munoz, O Videen, G TI The negative polarization of light scattered from particulate surfaces and of independently scattering particles SO JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference of the NATO-Advanced-Study-Institute on Photopolarimetry in Remote Sensing CY SEP 20-OCT 04, 2003 CL Yalta, UKRAINE SP NATO, Adv Study Inst DE negative polarization; opposition effect; ray-tracing; coherent backscattering ID DISCRETE-DIPOLE APPROXIMATION; OUTER PLANET SATELLITES; SMALL PHASE ANGLES; COHERENT BACKSCATTER; MATRICES; GRAINS; NM AB Laboratory and computer modeling investigations of the negative polarization of particulate surfaces at small phase angles are important in the development of remote-sensing research of atmosphereless celestial bodies. We present measurements of the phase-angle dependence of the intensity and degree of linear polarization of particles in air and particulate surfaces composed of the particles at illuminating wavelengths 0.63 and 0.44 mum. The particulate surface measurements were carried out with the equipment at the Kharkov National University; whereas the scattering measurements of single particles were carried out with the Amsterdam equipment. We study a suite of samples of natural mineral particles (including two volcanic ash samples) that are characterized by a variety of shapes and colors. We find evidence that suggests that in some instances the negative polarization of the surfaces is a remnant of the negative polarization of the single scattering by particles constituting the surfaces. Computer simulations of the light scattering from the particulate surfaces support this conclusion. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 Kharkov Natl Univ, Astron Inst, UA-61022 Kharkov, Ukraine. Univ Amsterdam, Astron Inst Anton Pannekoek, NL-1098 SJ Amsterdam, Netherlands. FOM, Inst AMOLF, NL-1098 SJ Amsterdam, Netherlands. CSIC, Inst Astrofis Andalucia, E-18008 Granada, Spain. USA, Res Lab, AMSRL CI EM, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Kharkov Natl Univ, Astron Inst, 35 Sumskaya St, UA-61022 Kharkov, Ukraine. EM shkuratov@vk.kh.ua OI Munoz, Olga/0000-0002-5138-3932 NR 53 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4073 EI 1879-1352 J9 J QUANT SPECTROSC RA JI J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transf. PD SEP 15 PY 2004 VL 88 IS 1-3 BP 267 EP 284 DI 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2004.03.029 PG 18 WC Optics; Spectroscopy SC Optics; Spectroscopy GA 847SQ UT WOS:000223415600025 ER PT J AU Mishchenko, MI Videen, G Babenko, VA Khlebtsov, NG Wriedt, T AF Mishchenko, MI Videen, G Babenko, VA Khlebtsov, NG Wriedt, T TI T-matrix theory of electromagnetic scattering by particles and its applications: a comprehensive reference database SO JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference of the NATO-Advanced-Study-Institute on Photopolarimetry in Remote Sensing CY SEP 20-OCT 04, 2003 CL Yalta, UKRAINE SP NATO, Adv Study Inst DE electromagnetic scattering; T-matrix method ID EXTENDED-BOUNDARY-CONDITION; NULL-FIELD METHOD; MORPHOLOGY-DEPENDENT RESONANCES; POLAR STRATOSPHERIC CLOUDS; MONTE-CARLO SIMULATIONS; DISCRETE RANDOM-MEDIA; PLANE-WAVE SCATTERING; ABSORPTION CROSS-SECTIONS; PROLATE SPHEROIDAL MODELS; AXIALLY-SYMMETRICAL PARTICLES AB The T-matrix method is one of the most powerful and widely used theoretical techniques for the computation of electromagnetic scattering by single and composite particles, discrete random media, and particles in the vicinity of an interface separating two half-spaces with different refractive indices. This paper presents a comprehensive database of T-matrix publications since the inception of the technique in 1965 through early 2004. C1 NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, New York, NY 10025 USA. USA, Res Lab, AMSRL IS EE, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Natl Acad Sci Belarus, BI Stepanov Phys Inst, Minsk 220072, Byelarus. Russian Acad Sci, Inst Biochem & Physiol Plants & Microorganisms, Saratov 410015, Russia. Inst Werkstofftech, D-28359 Bremen, Germany. RP NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, 2880 Broadway, New York, NY 10025 USA. EM crmim@giss.nasa.gov RI Mishchenko, Michael/D-4426-2012; Khlebtsov, Nikolai/D-6199-2017; Pylaev, Timofey/A-8401-2016; OI Pylaev, Timofey/0000-0002-2701-3333; Khlebtsov, Nikolai/0000-0002-2055-7784 NR 731 TC 121 Z9 124 U1 3 U2 30 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4073 EI 1879-1352 J9 J QUANT SPECTROSC RA JI J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transf. PD SEP 15 PY 2004 VL 88 IS 1-3 BP 357 EP 406 DI 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2004.05.002 PG 50 WC Optics; Spectroscopy SC Optics; Spectroscopy GA 847SQ UT WOS:000223415600032 ER PT J AU Metz, E AF Metz, E TI Hope and honor. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USACGSC, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Metz, E (reprint author), USACGSC, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD SEP 15 PY 2004 VL 129 IS 15 BP 65 EP 65 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 853SJ UT WOS:000223847700122 ER PT J AU Tinley, EM Durlach, PJ Yeomans, MR AF Tinley, EM Durlach, PJ Yeomans, MR TI How habitual caffeine consumption and dose influence flavour preference conditioning with caffeine SO PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE caffeine; flavour preference; conditioning; reinforcement; liking ID PHYSICAL-DEPENDENCE; PSYCHOMOTOR PERFORMANCE; COFFEE-DRINKING; DEPRIVATION; WITHDRAWAL; HUMANS; MOOD; REINFORCEMENT; ABSTINENCE; SYMPTOMS AB This study investigated the effects of both habitual caffeine use and dose administered in determining the ability of caffeine to reinforce conditioned changes in flavour preference. Thirty overnight-withdrawn moderate caffeine consumers and 30 non or low-dose caffeine (non/ low) consumers evaluated five novel-flavoured fruit teas. Subsequently, their median-rated tea was used in four ensuing conditioning sessions. Either placebo, 1 or 2 mg/kg of caffeine (n = 10 consumers, 10 non/low consumers in each condition), was added to the target tea, and all five teas were reevaluated at a final tasting. Pleasantness ratings over the four conditioning sessions indicated that non/low consumers' liking increased for the noncaffeinated fruit tea with no change for the tea containing either 1 or 2 mg/kg of caffeine. Among consumers, pleasantness ratings tended to decrease for the noncaffeinated fruit tea but increased significantly at the 1-mg dose and showed a tendency to increase at the 2-mg dose. Similar effects were shown in the evaluations made before and after conditioning, with no change in the nonexposed drinks. These results show that 1.0 mg/kg of caffeine reinforces changes in flavour pleasantness in acutely withdrawn habitual consumers but not in nonconsumers or nondependent low-caffeine consumers, further endorsing the negative-reinforcement theory of conditioning with caffeine. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Sussex, Sch Life Sci, Dept Psychol, Brighton BN1 9QG, E Sussex, England. USA, Inst Res, Orlando, FL USA. RP Yeomans, MR (reprint author), Univ Sussex, Sch Life Sci, Dept Psychol, Brighton BN1 9QG, E Sussex, England. EM martin@sussex.ac.uk RI Yeomans, Martin/A-5291-2012; OI Yeomans, Martin/0000-0003-1436-1483 NR 25 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0031-9384 J9 PHYSIOL BEHAV JI Physiol. Behav. PD SEP 15 PY 2004 VL 82 IS 2-3 BP 317 EP 324 DI 10.1016/j.physbeh.2004.03.018 PG 8 WC Psychology, Biological; Behavioral Sciences SC Psychology; Behavioral Sciences GA 847RN UT WOS:000223412700015 PM 15276794 ER PT J AU Sucato, DJ Kuklo, TR Vaccaro, AR Brown, C AF Sucato, DJ Kuklo, TR Vaccaro, AR Brown, C TI 2003 Scoliosis Research Society European Traveling Fellowship report to the education committee SO SPINE LA English DT Article C1 Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Texas Scottish Rite Hosp Children, Dallas, TX 75219 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Thomas Jefferson Univ, Rothman Inst, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA. Univ Colorado, Dept Orthopaed, Denver, CO 80202 USA. RP Sucato, DJ (reprint author), Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Texas Scottish Rite Hosp Children, 2222 Welborn St, Dallas, TX 75219 USA. EM dan.sucato@tsrh.org NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0362-2436 J9 SPINE JI SPINE PD SEP 15 PY 2004 VL 29 IS 18 BP 1966 EP 1970 DI 10.1097/01.brs.0000138563.56756.6a PG 5 WC Clinical Neurology; Orthopedics SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Orthopedics GA 855MS UT WOS:000223978000003 ER PT J AU Li, JW Janout, V Mccullough, DH Hsu, JT Truong, Q Wilusz, E Regen, SL AF Li, JW Janout, V Mccullough, DH Hsu, JT Truong, Q Wilusz, E Regen, SL TI Exceptional gas permeation selectivity of a glued Langmuir-Blodgett bilayer by pH control SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID POLY(METHACRYLIC ACID); CONFORMATIONAL TRANSITION; POLY(ACRYLIC ACID); AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; WATER; FILMS; PERMEABILITY; MULTILAYERS; SEPARATION; MEMBRANES AB The monolayer properties of 5,11,17,23,29,35-hexakis[(N,N,N-trimethylamonium)-N-methyl-37,38,39,40,41,42-hexakis-n-hexadecyloxy-calix[6]arene hexachloride (1) have been characterized over aqueous solutions of poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) and poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA) as a function of pH. At high pH values (e.g., pH 10), such monolayers show relatively low surface viscosities. At low pH (e.g., pH 4.4), these monolayers exhibit relatively high surface viscosities. The barrier properties of single Langmuir-Blodgett bilayers of 1, which have been ionically cross-linked (i.e., "glued together") with PAA were found to correlate with changes in surface viscosity. Thus, bilayers that were fabricated under low pH conditions exhibited high permeation barriers and high permeation selectivity with respect to He and N-2. Given the extreme thinness of these glued bilayers (ca. 6 nm.), the optimized He/N-2 selectivity of ca. 1000 is extraordinary. These results, taken together, demonstrate the feasibility of fine tuning the surface viscosity of monolayers of 1, and also the barrier properties of corresponding glued bilayers, by adjusting the pH of an aqueous subphase that contains a weak polyacid. C1 Lehigh Univ, Dept Chem & Chem Engn, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Regen, SL (reprint author), Lehigh Univ, Dept Chem & Chem Engn, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. EM slr0@lehigh.edu NR 35 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD SEP 14 PY 2004 VL 20 IS 19 BP 8214 EP 8219 DI 10.1021/la048387x PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 853SF UT WOS:000223847300048 PM 15350094 ER PT J AU Swietnicki, W O'Brien, S Holman, K Cherry, S Brueggemann, E Tropea, JE Hines, HB Waugh, DS Ulrich, RG AF Swietnicki, W O'Brien, S Holman, K Cherry, S Brueggemann, E Tropea, JE Hines, HB Waugh, DS Ulrich, RG TI Novel protein-protein interactions of the Yersinia pestis type III secretion system elucidated with a matrix analysis by surface plasmon resonance and mass spectrometry SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID N-TERMINAL DOMAIN; YOP SECRETION; HELA-CELLS; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; TRANSLOCATORS YOPB; VIRULENCE FACTORS; CHAPERONE SYCE; ENTEROCOLITICA; PSEUDOTUBERCULOSIS; BACTERIAL AB Binary complexes formed by components of the Yersinia pestis type III secretion system were investigated by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and matrix-assisted laser desorption time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Pairwise interactions between 15 recombinant Yersinia outer proteins (Yops), regulators, and chaperones were first identified by SPR. Mass spectrometry confirmed over 80% of the protein-protein interactions suggested by SPR, and new binding partners were further characterized. The Yop secretion protein (Ysc) M2 of Yersinia enterocolitica and LcrQ of Y. pestis, formerly described as ligands only for the specific Yop chaperone (Syc) H, formed stable complexes with SycE. Additional previously unreported complexes of YscE with the translocation regulator protein TyeA and the thermal regulator protein YmoA and multiple potential protein contacts by YscE, YopK, YopH, and LcrH were also identified. Because only stably folded proteins were examined, the interactions we identified are likely to occur either before or after transfer through the injectosome to mammalian host cells and may have relevance to understanding disease processes initiated by the plague bacterium. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Lab Mol Immunol, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. NCI, Macromol Crystallog Lab, NIH, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Ulrich, RG (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Lab Mol Immunol, 1425 Porter St, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. EM ulrich@ncifcrf.gov NR 46 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD SEP 10 PY 2004 VL 279 IS 37 BP 38693 EP 38700 DI 10.1074/jbc.M405217200 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 851KN UT WOS:000223684100078 PM 15213222 ER PT J AU Lisal, M Brennan, JK Smith, WR Siperstein, FR AF Lisal, M Brennan, JK Smith, WR Siperstein, FR TI Dual control cell reaction ensemble molecular dynamics: A method for simulations of reactions and adsorption in porous materials SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-REACTION EQUILIBRIA; COMPUTER-SIMULATION; MONTE-CARLO; MICROPOROUS MEMBRANES; CARBON MICROPORES; PHASE-EQUILIBRIA; NONEQUILIBRIUM; SEPARATION; TRANSPORT; CONFINEMENT AB We present a simulation tool to study fluid mixtures that are simultaneously chemically reacting and adsorbing in a porous material. The method is a combination of the reaction ensemble Monte Carlo method and the dual control volume grand canonical molecular dynamics technique. The method, termed the dual control cell reaction ensemble molecular dynamics method, allows for the calculation of both equilibrium and nonequilibrium transport properties in porous materials such as diffusion coefficients, permeability, and mass flux. Control cells, which are in direct physical contact with the porous solid, are used to maintain the desired reaction and flow conditions for the system. The simulation setup closely mimics an actual experimental system in which the thermodynamic and flow parameters are precisely controlled. We present an application of the method to the dry reforming of methane reaction within a nanoscale reactor model in the presence of a semipermeable membrane that was modeled as a porous material similar to silicalite. We studied the effects of the membrane structure and porosity on the reaction species permeability by considering three different membrane models. We also studied the effects of an imposed pressure gradient across the membrane on the mass flux of the reaction species. Conversion of syngas (H-2/CO) increased significantly in all the nanoscale membrane reactor models considered. A brief discussion of further potential applications is also presented. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Acad Sci Czech Republ, Inst Chem Proc Fundamentals, E Hala Lab Thermodynam, CR-16502 Prague 6, Czech Republic. JE Purkyne Univ, Dept Phys, Usti Nad Labem 40096, Czech Republic. USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Univ Ontario Inst Technol, Fac Sci, Oshawa, ON L1H 7K4, Canada. Univ Rovira & Virgili, ETSEQ, Dept Engn Quim, Tarragona 43007, Spain. RP Lisal, M (reprint author), Acad Sci Czech Republ, Inst Chem Proc Fundamentals, E Hala Lab Thermodynam, Rozvojova 135, CR-16502 Prague 6, Czech Republic. RI Lisal, Martin/A-8176-2011; Smith, William/G-4404-2010 OI Lisal, Martin/0000-0001-8005-7143; Smith, William/0000-0002-1982-2050 NR 39 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD SEP 8 PY 2004 VL 121 IS 10 BP 4901 EP 4912 DI 10.1063/1.1782031 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 848UV UT WOS:000223494500054 PM 15332926 ER PT J AU Immoos, CE Lee, SJ Grinstaff, MW AF Immoos, CE Lee, SJ Grinstaff, MW TI DNA-PEG-DNA triblock macromolecules for reagentless DNA detection SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-TRANSFER; REDOX KINETICS; MONOLAYERS; FERROCENE; GENE; ELECTROCHEMISTRY; OLIGONUCLEOTIDE; HYBRIDIZATION; VOLTAMMETRY; CHAINS C1 Boston Univ, Metcalf Ctr Sci & Engn, Dept Biomed Engn, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Boston Univ, Metcalf Ctr Sci & Engn, Dept Chem, Boston, MA 02215 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. Calif Polytech State Univ San Luis Obispo, Dept Chem & Biochem, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407 USA. RP Grinstaff, MW (reprint author), Boston Univ, Metcalf Ctr Sci & Engn, Dept Biomed Engn, Boston, MA 02215 USA. EM mgrin@bu.edu OI Grinstaff, Mark/0000-0002-5453-3668 NR 23 TC 135 Z9 139 U1 2 U2 34 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2004 VL 126 IS 35 BP 10814 EP 10815 DI 10.1021/ja046634d PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 851NH UT WOS:000223691300009 PM 15339145 ER PT J AU Tsujimoto, H Huang, CC Kinoshita, N Inoue, Y Eitoku, H Sekiguchi, I AF Tsujimoto, H Huang, CC Kinoshita, N Inoue, Y Eitoku, H Sekiguchi, I TI Ultra-high pressure sterilization of powdery food stuff - a new application of a roller compactor SO POWDER TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ultra-high pressure sterilization; roller compactor; powdery food stuff; corn flour; dry continuous sterilization method ID INACTIVATION; FLOUR; CORN AB A new non-heating technique was developed for the sterilization of food stuff. Applying a roller compactor, ultra-high pressure sterilization has experimentally demonstrated its ability to sterilize dry powders, such as corn flour and Chinese herbs, with little quality deterioration. Also, the degree of food sterilization was found correlated well with the linear press forces between the rollers, roller gaps, and number of compaction passes. In comparison to the conventional high pressure sterilization technique, the new dry continuous processing method has the advantage of lower investment cost and is more versatile for sterilizing various food powders. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Hosokawa Powder Technol Res Inst, Osaka, Japan. USA, Hosokawa Nano Particle Technol Ctr, Summit, NJ USA. Chuo Univ, Fac Sci & Engn, Dept Appl Chem, Tokyo 112, Japan. RP Tsujimoto, H (reprint author), Hosokawa Powder Technol Res Inst, Osaka, Japan. EM hytsujimoto@hmc.hosokawa.com NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0032-5910 J9 POWDER TECHNOL JI Powder Technol. PD SEP 8 PY 2004 VL 146 IS 3 BP 214 EP 222 DI 10.1016/j.powtec.2004.08.009 PG 9 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 871YX UT WOS:000225173700007 ER PT J AU Pickhardt, PJ Nugent, PA Mysliwiec, PA Choi, JR Schindler, WR AF Pickhardt, PJ Nugent, PA Mysliwiec, PA Choi, JR Schindler, WR TI Location of adenomas missed by optical colonoscopy SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID VIRTUAL COLONOSCOPY; COLORECTAL NEOPLASIA; POLYPS; POLYPECTOMY; SURVEILLANCE; COLONOGRAPHY; CANCER; COLON; RATES AB Background: Previous estimates of the adenoma miss rate with optical colonoscopy (OC) are hindered by the use of OC as its own reference standard. Objective: To evaluate the frequency and characteristics of colorectal neoplasms that are missed prospectively on OC by using virtual colonoscopy (VC) as a separate reference standard. Design: Prospective, multicenter screening trial. Setting: 3 medical centers. Participants: 1233 asymptomatic adults who underwent same-day VC and OC. Measurements: Colorectal neoplasms (adenomatous polyps) missed at OC before VC results were unblinded. Results: Fourteen (93.3%) of 15 nonrectal neoplasms were located on a fold; 10 (71.4%) of these were located on the backside of a fold. Five (83.3%) of 6 rectal lesions were located within 10 cm of the anal verge. Limitations: Estimation of the OC miss rate depended on polyp detection on both VC and second-look OC and therefore underestimates the true OC miss rate, particularly for smaller polyps. Conclusions: Most clinically significant adenomas missed prospectively on OC are located behind a fold or near the anal verge. The 12% OC miss rate for large adenomas (greater than or equal to10 mm) when state-of-the-art 3-dimensional VC is used as a separate reference standard is increased from the previous 0% to 6% estimates derived by using OC as its own reference standard. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Clin Sci Ctr E3311, Madison, WI 53792 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Natl Naval Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NCI, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Naval Med Ctr San Diego, San Diego, CA USA. RP Pickhardt, PJ (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Clin Sci Ctr E3311, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792 USA. EM ppickhardt@mail.radiology.wisc.edu NR 19 TC 258 Z9 261 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 USA SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD SEP 7 PY 2004 VL 141 IS 5 BP 352 EP 359 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 852CW UT WOS:000223733800003 PM 15353426 ER PT J AU Mason, W Almeida, LA Kaleczyc, AW Dinan, JH AF Mason, W Almeida, LA Kaleczyc, AW Dinan, JH TI Electrical characterization of Cd/CdTe Schottky barrier diodes SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID N-CDTE; CONTACT; SURFACE AB We have deposited Cd metal contacts on molecular-beam epitaxy CdTe(112)B on Si(112) and have made electronic transport measurements to deduce the properties of the Schottky barrier diode thus formed. We find a room-temperature barrier height phi(B)=0.92 eV and an ideality factor napproximate to2. We suggest that the high value of n is due to generation-recombination currents associated with dislocations in the CdTe epilayer. C1 USA, RDECOM, CERDEC, NVESD, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Mason, W (reprint author), USA, RDECOM, CERDEC, NVESD, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. EM wmason@nvl.army.mil NR 18 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD SEP 6 PY 2004 VL 85 IS 10 BP 1730 EP 1732 DI 10.1063/1.1784873 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 853WL UT WOS:000223859800025 ER PT J AU Kumar, R Tyagi, R Parmar, VS Samuelson, LA Kumar, J Schoemann, A Westmoreland, PR Watterson, AC AF Kumar, R Tyagi, R Parmar, VS Samuelson, LA Kumar, J Schoemann, A Westmoreland, PR Watterson, AC TI Biocatalytic synthesis of highly flame retardant inorganic-organic hybrid polymers SO ADVANCED MATERIALS LA English DT Article AB A novel biocatalytic approach has been developed for the synthesis of highly flame-retardant, inorganic-organic polymers based on siloxanes (see Figure). The approach is simple, biochemically mild, and requires minimal separation and purification protocols. All synthesized polymers showed good flame-retardant properties. C1 Univ Massachusetts, Inst Nanosci & Engn Technol, INSET, Dept Chem, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. Univ Massachusetts, CAM, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. Univ Delhi, Dept Chem, Bioorgan Lab, Delhi 110007, India. USA, Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Dept Chem Engn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP Watterson, AC (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Inst Nanosci & Engn Technol, INSET, Dept Chem, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. EM virinde_parmar@umi.edu; Arthur_Watterson@uml.edu NR 16 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 8 U2 29 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0935-9648 J9 ADV MATER JI Adv. Mater. PD SEP 3 PY 2004 VL 16 IS 17 BP 1515 EP + DI 10.1002/adma.200400241 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 862CI UT WOS:000224466900006 ER PT J AU Warfield, KL Swenson, DL Negley, DL Schmaljohn, AL Aman, MJ Bavari, S AF Warfield, KL Swenson, DL Negley, DL Schmaljohn, AL Aman, MJ Bavari, S TI Marburg virus-like particles protect guinea pigs from lethal Marburg virus infection SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Marburg virus; virus-like particle; immunity; vaccine ID ANTIBODY-DEPENDENT ENHANCEMENT; CYTOTOXIC T-LYMPHOCYTES; EBOLA-VIRUS; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; DENDRITIC CELLS; DNA VACCINES; GLYCOPROTEIN; IMMUNIZATION; EPITOPES; PRIMATES AB Ongoing outbreaks of filoviruses in Africa and concerns about their use in bioterrorism attacks have led to intense efforts to find safe and effective vaccines to prevent the high mortality associated with these viruses. We previously reported the generation of virus-like particles (VLPs) for the filoviruses, Marburg (MARV) and Ebola (EBOV) virus, and that vaccinating mice with Ebola VLPs (eVLPs) results in complete survival from a lethal EBOV challenge. The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of Marburg VLPs (mVLPs) as a potential vaccine against lethal MARV infection in a guinea pig model. Guinea pigs vaccinated with mVLPs or inactivated MARV developed MARV-specific antibody titers, as tested by ELISA or plaque-reduction and neutralization assays and were completely protected from a MARV challenge over 2000 LD50. While eVLP vaccination induced high EBOV-specific antibody responses, it did not cross-protect against MARV challenge in guinea pigs. Vaccination with mVLP or eVLP induced proliferative responses in vitro only upon re-exposure to the homologous antigen and this recall proliferative response was dependent on the presence of CD4(+) T cells. Taken together with our previous work, these findings suggest that VLPs are a promising vaccine candidate for the deadly filovirus infections. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Clin Res Management, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Bavari, S (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM kelly.warfield@det.amedd.army.mil; dana.swenson@det.amedd.army.mil; diane.negley@det.amedd.army.mil; alan.schmaljohn@det.amedd.army.mil; javad.aman@det.amedd.army.mil; sina.bavari@amedd.army.mil NR 43 TC 66 Z9 70 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD SEP 3 PY 2004 VL 22 IS 25-26 BP 3495 EP 3502 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2004.01.063 PG 8 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 853GJ UT WOS:000223814900038 PM 15308377 ER PT J AU Byrd, EFC Scuseria, GE Chabalowski, CF AF Byrd, EFC Scuseria, GE Chabalowski, CF TI An ab initio study of solid nitromethane, HMX, RDX, and CL20: Successes and failures of DFT SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-ORBITAL METHODS; VALENCE BASIS-SETS; CYCLOTRIMETHYLENE-TRINITRAMINE; UNIMOLECULAR DECOMPOSITION; 2ND-ROW ELEMENTS; MECHANISM AB Using the PW91 and PBE density functional theories (DFT), we have studied four energetic molecular crystals, nitromethane, HMX, RDX, and CL20, with a wide range of basis sets. Intramolecular distances, simple angles, and band gaps are converged at plane wave cutoff energies (E-cut) of 430 to 495 eV. Cell parameters were determined over a range of E-cut values from 280 eV to 700 or 800 eV, depending upon the system. Lattice vectors, however, display large errors in the range of 0.2 Angstrom to 1.0 Angstrom (up to a 9.6% error at the highest E-cut used here), and a very slow convergence on basis set size. We hypothesize that the error in the lattice vectors is due to a lack of van der Waals forces in current DFT functionals. This deficiency will have unforeseen consequences on all crystal calculations for organic molecules, and therefore caution should be employed whenever interpreting results obtained from the current DFT functionals available in solid state codes. To properly describe the electronic structure of these types of crystals, these results suggest the need for new methods involving DFT to be developed which include accurate dispersion forces. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, WM BD,APG, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Rice Univ, Dept Chem, Houston, TX 77251 USA. SAAL IT, Arlington, VA 22202 USA. RP Byrd, EFC (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, WM BD,APG, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM ebyrd@arl.army.mil; guscus@rice.edu; cary.chabalowski@saalt.army.mil RI Scuseria, Gustavo/F-6508-2011 NR 27 TC 101 Z9 102 U1 1 U2 32 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD SEP 2 PY 2004 VL 108 IS 35 BP 13100 EP 13106 DI 10.1021/jp0486797 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 850HC UT WOS:000223600800009 ER PT J AU Trajcevski, G Wolfson, O Hinrichs, K Chamberlain, S AF Trajcevski, G Wolfson, O Hinrichs, K Chamberlain, S TI Managing uncertainty in Moving Objects Databases SO ACM TRANSACTIONS ON DATABASE SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE algorithms; Moving Objects Databases ID PARTITIONING ARRANGEMENTS; SIMPLE POLYGON; LINE SEGMENTS; INTERSECTIONS; ALGORITHM; TIME AB This article addresses the problem of managing Moving Objects Databases (MODs) which capture the inherent imprecision of the information about the moving object's location at a given time. We deal systematically with the issues of constructing and representing the trajectories of moving objects and querying the MOD. We propose to model an uncertain trajectory as a three-dimensional (3D) cylindrical body and we introduce a set of novel but natural spatio-temporal operators which capture the uncertainty and are used to express spatio-temporal range queries. We devise and analyze algorithms for processing the operators and demonstrate that the model incorporates the uncertainty in a manner which enables efficient querying, thus striking a balance between the modeling power and computational efficiency. We address some implementation aspects which we experienced in our DOMINO project, as a part of which the operators that we introduce have been implemented. We also report on some experimental observations of a practical relevance. C1 Northwestern Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Comp Sci, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. Univ Munster, Inst Informat, FB 10, D-48149 Munster, Germany. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Northwestern Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. EM goce@ece.northwestern.edu; wolfson@cs.uic.edu; khh@uni-muenster.de; wildman@arl.mil RI Trajcevski, Goce/B-7277-2009 NR 65 TC 98 Z9 115 U1 1 U2 6 PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY PI NEW YORK PA 2 PENN PLAZA, STE 701, NEW YORK, NY 10121-0701 USA SN 0362-5915 EI 1557-4644 J9 ACM T DATABASE SYST JI ACM Trans. Database Syst. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 29 IS 3 BP 463 EP 507 DI 10.1145/1016028.1016030 PG 45 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA 849KC UT WOS:000223536500002 ER PT J AU Mason, RB Gintert, LA Singleton, MF Skelton, D AF Mason, RB Gintert, LA Singleton, MF Skelton, D TI Composites for military equipment SO ADVANCED MATERIALS & PROCESSES LA English DT Article C1 Concurrent Technol Corp, Largo, FL 33773 USA. USA, Corros Off, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ USA. RP Mason, RB (reprint author), Concurrent Technol Corp, Largo, FL 33773 USA. EM mason@ctcgsc.org NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASM INTERNATIONAL PI MATERIALS PARK PA SUBSCRIPTIONS SPECIALIST CUSTOMER SERVICE, MATERIALS PARK, OH 44073-0002 USA SN 0882-7958 J9 ADV MATER PROCESS JI Adv. Mater. Process. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 162 IS 9 BP 37 EP 39 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 856GM UT WOS:000224033700006 ER PT J AU Egan, MA Chong, SY Rose, NF Megati, S Lopez, KJ Schadeck, EB Johnson, JE Masood, A Piacente, P Druilhet, RE Barras, PW Hasselschwert, DL Reilly, P Mishkin, EM Montefiori, DC Lewis, MG Clarke, DK Hendry, RM Marx, PA Eldridge, JH Udem, SA Israel, ZR Rose, JK AF Egan, MA Chong, SY Rose, NF Megati, S Lopez, KJ Schadeck, EB Johnson, JE Masood, A Piacente, P Druilhet, RE Barras, PW Hasselschwert, DL Reilly, P Mishkin, EM Montefiori, DC Lewis, MG Clarke, DK Hendry, RM Marx, PA Eldridge, JH Udem, SA Israel, ZR Rose, JK TI Immunogenicity of attenuated vesicular stomatitis virus vectors expressing HIV type 1 env and SIV Gag proteins: Comparison of intranasal and intramuscular vaccination routes SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; CYTOTOXIC T-LYMPHOCYTES; MHC CLASS-I; INFECTED RHESUS-MONKEYS; NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODIES; DISEASE PROGRESSION; CTL ESCAPE; MUCOSAL CHALLENGE; VIRAL REPLICATION; PASSIVE INFUSION AB An experimental AIDS vaccine based on attenuated, recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (rVSV), when administered by a combination of parenteral and mucosal routes, has proven effective at preventing AIDS in a rhesus macaque model (Rose NF, et al.: Cell 2001; 106: 539 - 549). In an effort to determine the optimal route of vaccine administration we evaluated the ability of rVSV-based vaccine vectors expressing HIV-1 Env and SIV Gag proteins, when given either intramuscularly (i.m.) or intranasally (i.n.), to elicit antigen-specific cellular and humoral immune responses, and to protect from a subsequent vaginal challenge with simian - human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV89.6P). Our results demonstrate that macaques vaccinated by the i.n. route developed significantly higher antigen-specific cellular immune responses as determined by MHC class I tetramer staining, IFN-gamma ELISPOT, and cytotoxic T cell assays. However, systemic and mucosal humoral immune responses did not vary significantly with the route of vaccine administration. Given the importance of cell-mediated immune responses in slowing AIDS progression, intranasal delivery of a VSV-based AIDS vaccine may be an optimal as well as practical route for vaccination and should be considered in design of clinical trials. C1 Wyeth Vaccines Res, Pearl River, NY 10965 USA. Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, New Haven, CT 06510 USA. Univ Louisiana Lafayette, New Iberia Res Ctr, New Iberia, LA 70560 USA. Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Durham, NC 27710 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Tulane Univ, Tulane Reg Primate Ctr, Hlth Sci Ctr, Covington, LA 70433 USA. Tulane Univ, Dept Trop Med, Hlth Sci Ctr, Covington, LA 70433 USA. RP Egan, MA (reprint author), Wyeth Vaccines Res, 401 N Middletown Rd,Bldg 180-258-14, Pearl River, NY 10965 USA. EM eganm@wyeth.com FU NIAID NIH HHS [N01-AI-25458] NR 51 TC 68 Z9 71 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 20 IS 9 BP 989 EP 1004 DI 10.1089/aid.2004.20.989 PG 16 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 863FO UT WOS:000224546600010 PM 15585086 ER PT J AU Carrion, G Eyzaguirre, L Montano, SM Laguna-Torres, V Serra, M Aguayo, N Avila, MM Ruchansky, D Pando, MA Vinoles, J Perez, J Barboza, A Chauca, G Romero, A Galeano, A Blair, PJ Weissenbacher, M Birx, DL Sanchez, JL Olson, JG Carr, JK AF Carrion, G Eyzaguirre, L Montano, SM Laguna-Torres, V Serra, M Aguayo, N Avila, MM Ruchansky, D Pando, MA Vinoles, J Perez, J Barboza, A Chauca, G Romero, A Galeano, A Blair, PJ Weissenbacher, M Birx, DL Sanchez, JL Olson, JG Carr, JK TI Documentation of subtype CHIV type 1 strains in Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article ID HIV TYPE-1; SEQUENCES AB HIV subtypes B, F, and BF recombinants have been previously reported in South America. This report describes the presence of HIV-1 subtype C infection in the countries of Argentina, Uruguay, and Paraguay dating back to at least 1999. Surveillance for uncommon non-B/non-F subtype viruses circulating in South America has been conducted in samples obtained from nine countries. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), dried filter paper ( FP), and fresh blood (FB) samples were collected from HIV-positive patients from Ecuador, Colombia, Venezuela, Peru, Chile, Bolivia, Argentina, Uruguay, and Paraguay. From a total of 2962 HIV seropositive samples examined during a 9-year period ( 1995 - 2003), only 11 (0.4%) were found to be infected with non-B/non-F HIV variants. Eight of these 11 strains were determined to be subtype C by heteroduplex mobility assay (HMA). Five of these 8 strains were further characterized by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the protease ( Pro) and reverse transcriptase (RT) region of the genome and two were sequenced full length. One of the strains was found to be a unique BC recombinant. The spread of a third subtype of HIV, subtype C, should raise the question of its potential future role in the HIV epidemic in this region. C1 USN, Med Res Ctr Detachment, Lima, Peru. Hnery M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. Natl AIDS Control Program, Montevideo, Uruguay. Natl AIDS Control Program, Asuncion, Paraguay. Natl Reference AIDS, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. Natl Lab Reference HIV AIDS, Montevideo, Uruguay. Inst Trop Med, Asuncion, Paraguay. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. RP Olson, JG (reprint author), Amer Embassy NMRCD, Viral Dis Dept, Unit 3800, APO, AA 34031 USA. NR 18 TC 35 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 2 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 20 IS 9 BP 1022 EP 1025 DI 10.1089/aid.2004.20.1022 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 863FO UT WOS:000224546600015 PM 15585091 ER PT J AU Braun, LR Flynn, D Ko, CW Yoder, B Greenwald, JR Curley, BB Williams, R Thompson, MW AF Braun, LR Flynn, D Ko, CW Yoder, B Greenwald, JR Curley, BB Williams, R Thompson, MW TI Gestational age-specific growth parameters for infants born at US military hospitals SO AMBULATORY PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE gestational age; growth; head circumference; length; military; weight ID BIRTH-WEIGHT; INTRAUTERINE GROWTH; LABORATORY OBSERVATIONS; FETAL GROWTH; CIRCUMFERENCE; HYPOGLYCEMIA; CALIFORNIA; PREGNANCY; DIAGNOSES; PATTERNS AB Background.-Military hospitals currently use gestational age-specific growth curves based on data collected in Denver, Colo, from 1948 to 1961. A number of population and environmental factors and medical practice changes may make these curves nonrepresentative. Objective. -Determine if presently used growth curves represent norms for infants born in military hospitals and create new curves for use in military hospitals. Methods.-Data were collected from medical records of tertiary- and primary-care military hospitals. We created growth curves created for birth weight, length, and head circumference and compared these curves at gestational ages 23-42 weeks to previously published norms and to 1998 national vital statistics. Racial and ethnic differences between aroups were compared. A retrospective analysis of blood-glucose measurements for healthy term infants was performed to identify potential safety issues. Results.-Significant increases in growth parameters were noted for infants born in military hospitals. Specific racial and ethnic groups within the military also had an increase when compared with these groups in the United States as a whole. Less than I% of infants classified as large for gestational age (LGA) according by old standards but average for gestational age (AGA) according to new curves experienced hypoglycernia. Conclusion.-Published growth curves may not represent infants born in military hospitals. Term infants born in military hospitals as a group and in racial and ethnic subgroups are larger than term infants born in US civilian hospitals. Prospective use of curves will help to validate their long-term applicability in military and civilian nurseries. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Pediat & Clin Informat Serv, Bethesda, MD USA. Natl Inst Deafness & Other Commun Disorders, Esex Fells, NJ USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Thompson, MW (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. EM mark.thompson@haw.tamc.amedd.army.mil NR 27 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU ALLIANCE COMMUNICATIONS GROUP DIVISION ALLEN PRESS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 1530-1567 J9 AMBUL PEDIATR JI Ambul. Pediatr. PD SEP-OCT PY 2004 VL 4 IS 5 BP 461 EP 467 DI 10.1367/A03-022R.1 PG 7 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 856HI UT WOS:000224035900012 PM 15369405 ER PT J AU Ballato, A AF Ballato, A TI Upper frequency limits of piezoceramic resonators SO AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY BULLETIN LA English DT Article C1 USA, Commun Elect Command, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Ballato, A (reprint author), USA, Commun Elect Command, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43086-6136 USA SN 0002-7812 J9 AM CERAM SOC BULL JI Am. Ceram. Soc. Bull. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 83 IS 9 BP 20 EP 22 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 852SN UT WOS:000223776800041 ER PT J AU Harrison, SA Ward, JA Schenker, S AF Harrison, SA Ward, JA Schenker, S TI The role of vitamin E and C therapy in NASH SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Letter ID NONALCOHOLIC STEATOHEPATITIS C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78234 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Harrison, SA (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78234 USA. NR 3 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 99 IS 9 BP 1862 EP 1862 DI 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2004.40539_3.x PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 850XY UT WOS:000223648900042 PM 15330932 ER PT J AU Klote, MM Agodoa, LY Abbott, K AF Klote, MM Agodoa, LY Abbott, K TI Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection incidence in hospitalized renal transplant patients in the United States, 1998-2000 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article DE Anergy; infection incidence; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; PPD; renal transplant; systemic lupus erythematosus ID HEMODIALYSIS-PATIENTS; RECIPIENTS; RIFAMPIN; CYCLOSPORINE; PREVALENCE; MORTALITY; ANERGY AB The incidence, risk factors, and prognosis for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infection have not been reported in a national population of renal transplant recipients. We performed a retrospective cohort study of 15 870 Medicare patients who received renal transplants from January 1 1998 to July 31 2000. Cox regression analysis derived adjusted hazard ratios (AHR) for factors associated with a diagnosis of MTB infection (by Medicare Institutional Claims) and the association of MTB infection with survival. There were 66 renal transplant recipients diagnosed with tuberculosis infection after transplant (2.5 cases per 1000 person years at risk, with some falling off of cases over time). The most common diagnosis was pulmonary TB (41 cases). In Cox regression analysis, only systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) was independently associated with TB. Mortality after TB was diagnosed was 23% at 1 year, which was significantly higher than in renal transplant recipients without TB (AHR, 4.13, 95% CI, 2.21, 7.71, p < 0.001). Although uncommon, MTB infection is associated with a substantially increased risk of mortality after renal transplantation. High-risk groups, particularly those with SLE prior to transplant, might benefit from intensified screening. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Abbott, K (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM kevin.abbott@na.amedd.army.mil OI Abbott, Kevin/0000-0003-2111-7112 NR 29 TC 30 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL MUNKSGAARD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 1600-6135 J9 AM J TRANSPLANT JI Am. J. Transplant. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 4 IS 9 BP 1523 EP 1528 DI 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2004.00545.x PG 6 WC Surgery; Transplantation SC Surgery; Transplantation GA 845ZJ UT WOS:000223283900017 PM 15307841 ER PT J AU Bringans, SD O'Keefe, BR Bray, M Whitehouse, CA Boyd, MR AF Bringans, SD O'Keefe, BR Bray, M Whitehouse, CA Boyd, MR TI Development of a fluorescent microplate assay for determining cyanovirin-N levels in plasma SO ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE cyanovirin-N (CV-N); HIV; plasma; analysis ID VIRUS-INACTIVATING PROTEIN; GP120; BINDS; CYANOBACTERIUM; GLYCOPROTEINS; TRANSMISSION; INFECTIVITY; CD4 AB A sensitive immunosorbent competition assay was developed for quantitation of the anti-HIV protein cyanovirin-N (CV-N) in plasma using a 96-well plate format and a fluorescent endpoint. The assay is based on the binding of CV-N in plasma to plate-bound anti-CVN antibodies, followed by removal of the plasma and addition of europium-labeled CV-N (Eu3+-CV-N) to compete for the remaining antibody sites. Detection by addition of a dissociative fluorescence enhancement solution and time-resolved fluorescence measurements allowed correlation to the concentration of the native CV-N in plasma. A linear detection range of 1-100 nM (r(2)>0.99) was obtained for CV-N in mouse plasma. This assay was then utilized for analysis of plasma levels of CV-N samples following subcutaneous injection of CV-N into mice. The results of these studies confirmed the reliability and sensitivity of this assay and the feasibility of its use for pharmacokinetic studies in a variety of species. C1 NCI, Mol Targets Dev Program, Ctr Canc Res, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. Univ S Alabama, Coll Med, USA Canc Res Inst, Mobile, AL 36688 USA. RP O'Keefe, BR (reprint author), NCI, Mol Targets Dev Program, Ctr Canc Res, Bldg 562,Room 201, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. EM okeefe@dtpax2.ncifcrf.gov NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1618-2642 J9 ANAL BIOANAL CHEM JI Anal. Bioanal. Chem. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 380 IS 2 BP 269 EP 274 DI 10.1007/s00216-004-2786-8 PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 862ZB UT WOS:000224528900013 PM 15338095 ER PT J AU Ellsworth, DL Ellsworth, RE Love, B Deyarmin, B Lubert, SM Mittal, V Hooke, JA Shriver, CD AF Ellsworth, DL Ellsworth, RE Love, B Deyarmin, B Lubert, SM Mittal, V Hooke, JA Shriver, CD TI Outer breast quadrants demonstrate increased levels of genomic instability SO ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE loss of heterozygosity; allelic imbalance; breast cancer; field cancerization; quadrants; metastasis ID TUMOR-SUPPRESSOR GENE; CAPILLARY ARRAY ELECTROPHORESIS; LYMPH-NODE METASTASIS; ALLELIC LOSS; CLINICAL-IMPLICATIONS; CANCER PROGRESSION; PROGNOSTIC FACTORS; NORMAL TISSUE; HUMAN COLON; HETEROZYGOSITY AB Background: Theory holds that the upper outer quadrant of the breast develops more malignancies because of increased tissue volume. This study evaluated genomic patterns of loss of heterozygosity (LOH) and allelic imbalance (AI) in non-neoplastic tissues from quadrants of diseased breasts following mastectomy to characterize relationships between genomic instability and the propensity for tumor development. Methods: Tissues from breast quadrants were collected from 21 patients with various stages of breast carcinoma. DNA was isolated from non-neoplastic tissues using standard methods and 26 chromosomal regions commonly deleted in breast cancer were examined to assess genomic instability. Results: Genomic instability was observed in breast quadrants from patients with ductal carcinomas in situ and advanced carcinomas. Levels of instability by quadrant were not predictive of primary tumor location (P = .363), but outer quadrants demonstrated significantly higher levels of genomic instability than did inner quadrants (P = .017). Marker D8S511 on chromosome 8p22-21.3, one of the most frequently altered chromosomal regions in breast cancer, showed a significantly higher level of instability (P = .039) in outer compared with inner quadrants. Conclusions: Non-neoplastic breast tissues often harbor genetic changes that can be important to understanding the local breast environment within which cancer develops. Greater genomic instability in outer quadrants can partially explain the propensity for breast cancers to develop there, rather than simple volume-related concepts. Patterns of field cancerization in the breast appear to be complex and are not a simple function of distance from a developing tumor. C1 Windber Res Inst, Clin Breast Care Project, Windber, PA 15963 USA. Invitrogen Bioinformat, Frederick, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Gen Surg Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Ellsworth, DL (reprint author), Windber Res Inst, Clin Breast Care Project, 600 Somerset Ave, Windber, PA 15963 USA. EM d.ellsworth@wriwindber.org NR 54 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1068-9265 J9 ANN SURG ONCOL JI Ann. Surg. Oncol. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 11 IS 9 BP 861 EP 868 DI 10.1245/ASO.2004.03.024 PG 8 WC Oncology; Surgery SC Oncology; Surgery GA 851RG UT WOS:000223702000012 PM 15313734 ER PT J AU Emerson, LR Skillman, BC Wolfger, H Kuchler, K Wirth, DF AF Emerson, LR Skillman, BC Wolfger, H Kuchler, K Wirth, DF TI The sensitivities of yeast strains deficient in PDR ABC transporters, to quinoline-ring antimalarial drugs SO ANNALS OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; MULTIDRUG-RESISTANCE; CHLOROQUINE-RESISTANCE; IN-VIVO; HALOFANTRINE RESISTANCE; GENE; BINDING; AMPLIFICATION; MECHANISM C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Univ Vienna, Inst Med Biochem, Dept Mol Genet, A-1030 Vienna, Austria. BioCtr Vienna, A-1030 Vienna, Austria. Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Immunol & Infect Dis, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Emerson, LR (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM lyndal.emerson@us.army.mil NR 41 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU MANEY PUBLISHING PI LEEDS PA HUDSON RD, LEEDS LS9 7DL, ENGLAND SN 0003-4983 J9 ANN TROP MED PARASIT JI Ann. Trop. Med. Parasitol. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 98 IS 6 BP 643 EP 649 DI 10.1179/000349804225021523 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 853OK UT WOS:000223836700012 PM 15324472 ER PT J AU Kawano, K Efferson, CL Peoples, GE Tsuda, N Murray, JL Ioannides, CG AF Kawano, Kouichiro Efferson, Clay L. Peoples, George E. Tsuda, Naotake Murray, James L. Ioannides, Constantin G. TI SENSITIVITY OF UNDIFFERENTIATED, HIGH-TCR-DENSITY CD8(+) CELLS TO A SINGLE METHYLENE GROUP APPENDED TO TUMOR ANTIGEN DETERMINES THEIR DIFFERENTIATION OR DEATH SO ANTICANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Kawano, Kouichiro; Efferson, Clay L.; Tsuda, Naotake; Ioannides, Constantin G.] Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Gynecol Oncol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Bioimmunotherapy, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Murray, James L.] Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Immunol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Ioannides, Constantin G.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT INST ANTICANCER RESEARCH PI ATHENS PA EDITORIAL OFFICE 1ST KM KAPANDRITIOU-KALAMOU RD KAPANDRITI, PO BOX 22, ATHENS 19014, GREECE SN 0250-7005 J9 ANTICANCER RES JI Anticancer Res. PD SEP-OCT PY 2004 VL 24 IS 5D MA 229 BP 3522 EP 3522 PG 1 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA V80CV UT WOS:000205415300230 ER PT J AU Mbaisi, A Liyala, P Eyase, F Achilla, R Akala, H Wangui, J Mwangi, J Osuna, F Alam, U Smoak, BL Davis, JM Kyle, DE Coldren, RL Mason, C Waters, NC AF Mbaisi, A Liyala, P Eyase, F Achilla, R Akala, H Wangui, J Mwangi, J Osuna, F Alam, U Smoak, BL Davis, JM Kyle, DE Coldren, RL Mason, C Waters, NC TI Drug susceptibility and genetic evaluation of Plasmodium falciparum isolates obtained in four distinct geographical regions of Kenya SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID PYRIMETHAMINE-SULFADOXINE RESISTANCE; CHLORPROGUANIL-DAPSONE TREATMENT; DIHYDROFOLATE-REDUCTASE DOMAIN; DIHYDROPTEROATE SYNTHASE; IN-VITRO; CHLOROQUINE RESISTANCE; MOLECULAR MARKERS; DIGESTIVE VACUOLE; POINT MUTATIONS; WESTERN KENYA AB The drug resistance profiles of Plasmodium falciparum isolated from four regions in Kenya were analyzed for drug resistance profiles. We observed variability in resistance to a broad range of antimalarial drugs across Kenya as determined from in vitro drug susceptibility screening and genotyping analysis. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. USA, Res Unit, Nairobi, Kenya. RP Waters, NC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM norman.waters@na.amedd.army.mil NR 38 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 48 IS 9 BP 3598 EP 3601 DI 10.1128/AAC.48.9.3598-3601.2004 PG 4 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 850PV UT WOS:000223625800062 PM 15328137 ER PT J AU Parker, CT Rennie, T AF Parker, CT Rennie, T TI Failure to report previously used drugs and dosages in pharmaceutical company-sponsored rheumatoid arthritis trials: comment on the article by Yocum et al SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Letter ID METHOTREXATE; LEFLUNOMIDE C1 Ctr Diagnost, Austin, TX USA. USA, Brooke Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Parker, CT (reprint author), Ctr Diagnost, Austin, TX USA. NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 50 IS 9 BP 3051 EP 3051 DI 10.1002/art.20642 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 853AU UT WOS:000223799200043 PM 15457479 ER PT J AU Katsiari, CG Juang, YT Kyttaris, VC Tsokos, GC AF Katsiari, CG Juang, YT Kyttaris, VC Tsokos, GC TI Overexpression of functional protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit C (PP2Ac) in T cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 68th Annual Scientific Meeting of the American-College-of-Rheumatology/39th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Association-of-Rheumatology-Health-Professionals CY OCT 16-21, 2004 CL San Antonio, TX SP Amer Coll Rheumatol, Assoc Rheumatol Hlth Profess C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 50 IS 9 SU S BP S604 EP S604 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 853AS UT WOS:000223799001666 ER PT J AU Kenny, P Finger, D AF Kenny, P Finger, D TI Falsely elevated cardiac troponin-I in patients with seropositive rheumatoid arthritis SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 68th Annual Scientific Meeting of the American-College-of-Rheumatology/39th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Association-of-Rheumatology-Health-Professionals CY OCT 16-21, 2004 CL San Antonio, TX SP Amer Coll Rheumatol, Assoc Rheumatol Hlth Profess C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 50 IS 9 SU S BP S164 EP S164 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 853AS UT WOS:000223799000373 ER PT J AU Kyttaris, VC Tenbrock, K Juang, YT Tsokos, G AF Kyttaris, VC Tenbrock, K Juang, YT Tsokos, G TI c-AMP responsive element modulator (CREM) downregulates T cell receptor zeta chain expression. SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 68th Annual Scientific Meeting of the American-College-of-Rheumatology/39th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Association-of-Rheumatology-Health-Professionals CY OCT 16-21, 2004 CL San Antonio, TX SP Amer Coll Rheumatol, Assoc Rheumatol Hlth Profess C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. Univ Munster, D-4400 Munster, Germany. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 50 IS 9 SU S BP S228 EP S228 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 853AS UT WOS:000223799000559 ER PT J AU Lu, QJ Wu, AL Yung, R Kaplan, M Oelke, K Tsokos, G Richardson, B AF Lu, QJ Wu, AL Yung, R Kaplan, M Oelke, K Tsokos, G Richardson, B TI Predicting biomarkers and therapeutic targets for human lupus. SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 68th Annual Scientific Meeting of the American-College-of-Rheumatology/39th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Association-of-Rheumatology-Health-Professionals CY OCT 16-21, 2004 CL San Antonio, TX SP Amer Coll Rheumatol, Assoc Rheumatol Hlth Profess C1 Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Rheumatol Practice, Mequon, WI USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 50 IS 9 SU S BP S608 EP S608 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 853AS UT WOS:000223799001679 ER PT J AU Patrick, M Patrick, D Maciejewski, M Topolski, T Belza, B AF Patrick, M Patrick, D Maciejewski, M Topolski, T Belza, B TI How does aquatic exercise affect quality of life in persons with osteoarthritis? SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 68th Annual Scientific Meeting of the American-College-of-Rheumatology/39th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Association-of-Rheumatology-Health-Professionals CY OCT 16-21, 2004 CL San Antonio, TX SP Amer Coll Rheumatol, Assoc Rheumatol Hlth Profess C1 Baylor Univ, USA, Grad Program Hlth Care Adm, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 50 IS 9 SU S BP S469 EP S469 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 853AS UT WOS:000223799001260 ER PT J AU Roberts, JR Hudson, JA Lindell, KK Finger, DR AF Roberts, JR Hudson, JA Lindell, KK Finger, DR TI Serial sonographic evaluation of Achilles tendons in patients taking fluoroquinolone antibiotics, A pilot study SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 68th Annual Scientific Meeting of the American-College-of-Rheumatology/39th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Association-of-Rheumatology-Health-Professionals CY OCT 16-21, 2004 CL San Antonio, TX SP Amer Coll Rheumatol, Assoc Rheumatol Hlth Profess C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 50 IS 9 SU S BP S311 EP S311 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 853AS UT WOS:000223799000797 ER PT J AU Ezzell, JW AF Ezzell, JW TI The Forensics of Forensics (n.) and Forensic (adj.) SO ASM NEWS LA English DT Letter C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Ezzell, JW (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0044-7897 J9 ASM NEWS JI ASM News PD SEP PY 2004 VL 70 IS 9 BP 385 EP 386 PG 2 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 853VC UT WOS:000223856000004 ER PT J AU Tikuisis, P Keefe, AA McLellan, TM Kamimori, G AF Tikuisis, P Keefe, AA McLellan, TM Kamimori, G TI Caffeine restores engagement speed but not shooting precision following 22 h of active wakefulness SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE sleep deprivation; marksmanship; target detection; discrimination ID RIFLE MARKSMANSHIP; SLEEP-DEPRIVATION; PERFORMANCE; MOOD; STRESS AB Background: Current military missions occasionally require combat readiness of soldiers who might be experiencing a sustained period of activity without sleep. Strategies to overcome the debilitating effects of sleep deprivation include the ingestion of caffeine. Unknown is the efficacy of caffeine use on specific elements of target detection and marksmanship following a modest period of sustained wakefulness. Methods: There were 20 subjects (mean +/- SD of 26.7 +/- 7.2 yr of age, 179 +/- 6 cm in height, and 84.5 +/- 10.8 kg in weight) who participated in double-blind caffeine and placebo trials where each trial involved a 24-h control period (with sleep) followed by 22 h of mixed mental and physical activity with no sleep. At the end of this period, subjects engaged in a 1-h rifle-shooting task. Subjects ingested 400, 100, and 100 mg of caffeine or placebo at 7.5, 3, and 0 h, respectively, prior to shooting. Measures of shooting performance included target engagement time (between target appearance and firing), friend-foe discrimination, accuracy, and precision. Results: Most measures of performance were degraded in the placebo sleep-deprived condition, but only the target engagement time and the number of shots fired were restored by caffeine ingestion. Conclusions: These findings concur with other research involving different periods of sleep deprivation, and indicate that the cognitive component of the shooting task (i.e., target detection) can benefit from caffeine whereas the psychomotor component (marksmanship) does not. It appears that once the target is detected, the subject is sufficiently aroused to engage the target regardless of the subject's level of alertness prior to detection. C1 DRDC Toronto, SMART, Human Modelling Grp, Toronto, ON M3M 3B9, Canada. Def R&D Canada Toronto, Human Protect & Performance Grp, OM, Toronto, ON, Canada. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Tikuisis, P (reprint author), DRDC Toronto, SMART, Human Modelling Grp, POB 2000,1133 Sheppard Ave W, Toronto, ON M3M 3B9, Canada. EM Peter.Tikuisis@drdc-rddc.gc.ca NR 13 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 8 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 75 IS 9 BP 771 EP 776 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 850FX UT WOS:000223597700005 PM 15460628 ER PT J AU Mello, CM Soares, JW Arcidiacono, S Butlers, MM AF Mello, CM Soares, JW Arcidiacono, S Butlers, MM TI Acid extraction and purification of recombinant spider silk proteins SO BIOMACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID DRAGLINE SILK; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; EXPRESSION AB A procedure has been developed for the isolation of recombinant spider silk proteins based upon their unique stability and solubilization characteristics. Three recombinant silk proteins, (SPI)(7), NcDS, and [(SpI)(4)/(SpII)(1)](4), were purified by extraction with organic acids followed by affinity or ion exchange chromatography resulting in 90-95% pure silk solutions. The protein yield of NcDS (15 mg/L culture) and (SPI)(7) (35 mg/L) increased 4- and 5-fold, respectively, from previously reported values presumably due to a more complete solubilization of the expressed recombinant protein. [(SPI)(4)/(SPII)(1)](4), a hybrid protein based on the repeat sequences of spidroin I and spidroin II, had a yield of 12.4 mg/L. This method is an effective, reproducible technique that has broad applicability for a variety of silk proteins as well as other acid stable biopolymers. C1 USA, RDECOM Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Microbiotix Inc, Worcester, MA 01605 USA. RP Mello, CM (reprint author), USA, RDECOM Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM charlene.mello@us.army.mil NR 16 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1525-7797 J9 BIOMACROMOLECULES JI Biomacromolecules PD SEP-OCT PY 2004 VL 5 IS 5 BP 1849 EP 1852 DI 10.1021/bm049815g PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Organic; Polymer Science SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Polymer Science GA 856WT UT WOS:000224077000033 PM 15360297 ER PT J AU Morey, AF Metro, MJ Carney, KJ Miller, KS McAninch, JW AF Morey, AF Metro, MJ Carney, KJ Miller, KS McAninch, JW TI Consensus on genitourinary trauma: external genitalia SO BJU INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID PENILE FRACTURE; CORPUS CAVERNOSUM; TESTICULAR TRAUMA; SCROTAL TRAUMA; SURGICAL-MANAGEMENT; PENETRATING TRAUMA; SKIN LOSS; RUPTURE; ULTRASOUND; DIAGNOSIS AB The SIU Consensus Group on Genitourinary Trauma continue their report with the statement on trauma to the external genitalia. This will be the last such report, completing the series. These have been extremely important, and an excellent reference point for people interested in this subject. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Serv Urol, Dept Urol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Albert Einstein Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19141 USA. Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. SUNY Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Med, San Francisco, CA USA. RP Morey, AF (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Serv Urol, Dept Urol, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM allen.morey@cen.amedd.army.mil NR 74 TC 46 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1464-4096 J9 BJU INT JI BJU Int. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 94 IS 4 BP 507 EP 515 DI 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2004.04993.x PG 9 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 849KS UT WOS:000223538100010 PM 15329102 ER PT J AU Buxton, TB Walsh, DS Harvey, SB McPherson, JC Hartmann, JF Plowman, KM AF Buxton, TB Walsh, DS Harvey, SB McPherson, JC Hartmann, JF Plowman, KM TI Bisphosphonate-ciprofloxacin bound to Skelite (TM) is a prototype for enhancing experimental local antibiotic delivery to injured bone SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY LA English DT Article ID EXPERIMENTAL CHRONIC OSTEOMYELITIS; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; TIBIAL OSTEOMYELITIS; EXTREMITIES; COLLAGEN; BINDING; RATS; WAR AB Background: The risk of osteomyelitis after open bone fracture may be reduced by locally applied antibiotics. ENC-41-HP (E41), which comprises ciprofloxacin linked to a 'bone seeking' bisphosphonate, loaded on to carrier Skelite(TM) calcium phosphate granules (E41-Skelite(TM)) has favourable in vitro characteristics for application to wounded bone. This study assessed E41-Skelite(TM) in a rat model of acute tibial osteomyelitis. Methods: Mechanically induced tibial troughs were contaminated with approximately log(10) 4 colony forming units (c.f.u.) of Staphylococcus aureus (Cowan I strain) 'resistant' to E41 (minimum inhibitory concentration 8-16 mug/ml), lavaged and packed with Skelite(TM) alone, or with E41-Skelite(TM) slurry. Animals were killed at 24 h (n = 62), 72 h (n = 46) or 14 days (n = 12), and each tibia was assessed for S. aureus load (c.f.u./g tibia) and histological appearance (14 days only). Results: At 24 and 72 h, the tibias of rats treated with E41-Skclite (TM) (n = 54) had a significantly lower mean(s.e.m.) load of S. aureus than animals that received Skelite(TM) alone (n = 54): log(10) 3.6(0.2) versus 6.4 (0.1) c.f.u./g respectively at 24 h (P < 0.001, Mann-Whitney rank sum test) and log(10) 4.4(0-2) versus 6.6(0.1) c.f. u./g at 72 h (P < 0.001). At 14 days, E41-Skelite(TM) -treated tibias had fewer bacteria, no signs of ostcomyelitis And histological signs of healing. Conclusion: E41-SkeliteTm, a prototype granulated topical antibiotic delivery system, reduced the development of infection in experimental bone wounds. C1 Dwight D Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. Dwight D Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Serv Dermatol, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. ElizaNor Biopharmaceut, Princeton, NJ USA. RP Buxton, TB (reprint author), Dwight D Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Bldg 38705, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. EM Thomas.Buxton@SE.AMEDD.Army.mil NR 17 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 6 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0007-1323 J9 BRIT J SURG JI Br. J. Surg. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 91 IS 9 BP 1192 EP 1196 DI 10.1002/bjs.4644 PG 5 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 851TI UT WOS:000223707900017 PM 15449273 ER PT J AU Ruggerone, GT Goetz, FA AF Ruggerone, GT Goetz, FA TI Survival of Puget Sound chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in response to climate-induced competition with pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID SOCKEYE-SALMON; NORTH PACIFIC; COHO SALMON; O-NERKA; GROWTH; ABUNDANCE; PREDATION; OCEAN; KETA; SIZE AB We tested for competition between pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) and chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) originating from rivers in the Puget Sound area using coded-wire-tagged subyearling hatchery chinook salmon. Following a 2-year life cycle, many juvenile pink salmon enter Puget Sound in even-numbered years, whereas few migrate during odd-numbered years. During 1984-1997, juvenile chinook salmon released during even-numbered years experienced 59% lower survival than those released during odd-numbered years, a trend consistent among 13 chinook salmon stocks. Lower even-numbered-year survival of chinook salmon was associated with reduced first-year growth and survival and delayed maturation. In contrast, chinook salmon released into coastal streams, where few pink salmon occur, did not exhibit an alternating-year pattern of survival, suggesting that the interaction occurred within Puget Sound and the lower Strait of Georgia. Unexpectedly, the survival pattern of Puget Sound chinook salmon was reversed prior to the 1982-1983 El Nino: chinook salmon survival was higher when they migrated with juvenile pink salmon during 1972-1983. We hypothesize that chinook salmon survival changed as a result of a shift from predation- to competition-based mortality in response to recent declines in predator and prey abundances and increases in pink salmon abundance. Alternating-year mortality accounted for most of the 50% decline in marine survival of chinook salmon between 1972-1983 and 1984-1997. C1 Nat Resources Consultants Inc, Seattle, WA 98119 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Seattle, WA 98134 USA. RP Ruggerone, GT (reprint author), Nat Resources Consultants Inc, 1900 W Nickerson St,Suite 207, Seattle, WA 98119 USA. EM gruggerone@nrccorp.com NR 54 TC 36 Z9 38 U1 3 U2 19 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0706-652X J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 61 IS 9 BP 1756 EP 1770 DI 10.1139/F04-112 PG 15 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 875SK UT WOS:000225441800020 ER PT J AU Banks, L AF Banks, L TI Reengineering the Mississippi SO CIVIL ENGINEERING LA English DT Letter C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Watershed Div, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Mississippi Valley Div, Programs Directorate, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Banks, L (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, Watershed Div, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0885-7024 J9 CIVIL ENG JI Civil Eng. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 74 IS 9 BP 8 EP 8 PG 1 WC Engineering, Civil SC Engineering GA 852TX UT WOS:000223780500001 ER PT J AU O'Connor, TG Kiker, GA AF O'Connor, TG Kiker, GA TI Collapse of the Mapungubwe society: Vulnerability of pastoralism to increasing aridity SO CLIMATIC CHANGE LA English DT Article ID SEMIARID AFRICAN SAVANNA; DEFOLIATION; VEGETATION; GRAMINOIDS; RESPONSES; WATER; SIMULATION; NITROGEN; TANZANIA; REGION AB The Mapungubwe agro-pastoral society in the Limpopo valley, South Africa, persisted for 300 yrs before disappearing in about 1290 as a result of a decrease in mean annual rainfall ( MAR) from about 500 mm to the current 340 mm. The influence of rainfall changes and competition from wildlife on cattle and small stock populations was investigated ( agriculture was not) using the SAVANNA model. Six scenarios were compared for a 350 km(2) area (Venetia-Limpopo Nature Reserve) for a 280 yrs simulation period: livestock only, wildlife only, and wildlife plus livestock, for a climate of 'low' ( MAR 340 mm) versus 'high' ( MAR 480 mm) rainfall. High inter-annual variability in rainfall resulted in highly variable grass production, but production of woody plants was more stable. Extreme drought events of one or more years duration resulted in marked population declines of the grazers, cattle and zebra. Populations of mixed feeders or browsers, including kudu, small stock and impala, were comparatively stable, the latter two mentioned were in part stabilised by offtake. Cattle populations persisted under a high rainfall climate irrespective of wildlife, but became extinct within 120 yrs under a low rainfall climate when competing with wildlife, in particular zebra. The size of the persisting populations of cattle or small stock under low rainfall was about half that for the corresponding high rainfall scenario. Pastoralism based on cattle was apparently unviable once climate started changing, and small stock were probably insufficient for meeting societal needs. Although crop failure is a sufficient explanation for the disappearance of the Mapungubwe settlement, destabilization of pastoralism would have compounded food security. The recorded rapid onset of a dry climate is of portent for current-day pastoral societies in marginal environments. C1 Univ Witwatersrand, Sch APES, Ctr African Ecol, ZA-2050 Wits, South Africa. USA, Plant Proc & Effects Team, Environm Lab, CEERD EP R,Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP O'Connor, TG (reprint author), Univ Witwatersrand, Sch APES, Ctr African Ecol, P Bag X03, ZA-2050 Wits, South Africa. EM timoconnor@xsinet.co.za NR 48 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 4 U2 18 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-0009 J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE JI Clim. Change PD SEP PY 2004 VL 66 IS 1-2 BP 49 EP 66 DI 10.1023/B:CLIM.0000043192.19088.9d PG 18 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 857PN UT WOS:000224130900006 ER PT J AU Cole, J AF Cole, J TI Raising the bar SO COMPUTER LA English DT Article C1 USA, Res Lab, Informat Assurance Ctr, Washington, DC USA. RP Cole, J (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Informat Assurance Ctr, Washington, DC USA. EM jack.cole@ieee.org NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 0018-9162 J9 COMPUTER JI Computer PD SEP PY 2004 VL 37 IS 9 BP 112 EP 113 DI 10.1109/MC.2004.142 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA 851IW UT WOS:000223679800013 ER PT J AU Jacobsen, KO Villa, V Miner, VL Whitnall, MH AF Jacobsen, KO Villa, V Miner, VL Whitnall, MH TI Effects of anesthesia and vehicle injection on circulating blood elements in C3H/HeN male mice SO CONTEMPORARY TOPICS IN LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ISOFLURANE; ANDROSTENEDIOL; INFECTIONS; INHIBITION; RESISTANCE; HALOTHANE; TOXICITY; SURGERY; STRESS; MOUSE AB The induction and maintenance of general anesthesia can lead to profound alterations of many organ systems, especially the cardiovascular, pulmonary, and nervous systems. Moreover, distinct from their cardiopulmonary effects, certain anesthetics can induce physiologic and behavioral changes, which may persist after recovery from anesthesia. Knowledge of the effects of anesthesia and anesthetic agents on hematologic measurements is important. Although the effects of anesthesia were clinically unapparent, the effect on levels of circulating blood elements was an important determinant for the results of our study. We sought to evaluate the effect of anesthesia and vehicle injection on the levels of circulating blood elements in C3H/HeN male mice. We used an automated hematology system to obtain complete blood counts with differentials in anesthetized and unanesthetized mice receiving subcutaneous injections of polyethylene glycol (PEG-400). Two days after a 30-min exposure to isoflurane anesthesia, mean white blood cell counts had deceased by 15.4%, mean neutrophil counts had decreased by 26.9%, and mean platelet counts by 11.2% compared with levels in unanesthetized mice. Our results indicate that the effect of anesthesia is an important consideration when circulating blood elements in mice must be measured. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Vet Med Div, Frederick, MD 21701 USA. Armed Forces Radiobiol Res Inst, Radiat Casualty Management Team, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. RP Jacobsen, KO (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Vet Med Div, 1425 Porter St, Frederick, MD 21701 USA. NR 32 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI MEMPHIS PA 9190 CRESTWYN HILLS DR, MEMPHIS, TN 38125 USA SN 1060-0558 J9 CONTEMP TOP LAB ANIM JI Contemp. Top. Lab. Anim. Sci. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 43 IS 5 BP 8 EP 12 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 855LH UT WOS:000223974200002 PM 15461433 ER PT J AU Bautista, LE Atwood, JE O'Malley, PG Taylor, AJ AF Bautista, LE Atwood, JE O'Malley, PG Taylor, AJ TI Association between C-reactive protein and hypertension in healthy middle-aged men and women SO CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 43rd Annual Conference on Cardiovascular Disease Epidemiology and Prevention CY MAR 05-08, 2003 CL MIAMI, FLORIDA SP Amer Heart Assoc DE biological markers; blood pressures; c-reactive protein; cohert studies; hypertension ID CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; RISK-FACTORS; ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; INFLAMMATION; ADULTS; DETERMINANTS AB Objective To ascertain whether C-reactive protein (CRP), an inflammatory marker related to increased cardiovascular risk, is associated with blood pressure in a sample of healthy, middle-aged people. Methods and results A case-control study among 904 participants, 39-50 years old, from a cardiovascular risk screening study. Participants with systolic blood pressure greater than or equal to 140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure greater than or equal to 90 mmHg (n = 120) were considered as case participants and all others as control participants (n = 784). Exposure was defined using quintiles of high-sensitivity CRP among control participants. A continuous increase in blood pressure was observed across CRP quintiles. Systolic blood pressure increased 1.17 mmHg [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.60-1.74] and diastolic blood pressure 1.04 mmHg (95% CI, 0.64-1.45) from one quintile to the next. The prevalence of hypertension was 13.3% and it increased with CRP exposure: Q1, 8.9%; Q2,11.9%; Q3, 12.2%; Q4,14.3%; and Q5,18.6%. After adjustment for sex, obesity, race, serum insulin level and family history of coronary heart disease, odds ratios for hypertension increased progressively across CRP quintiles. Participants in the highest CRP quintile were 2.35 times more likely to have hypertension than those in the lowest quintile (P = 0.03, trend test P = 0.04). Conclusion These results are consistent with a continuous, independent association between serum CRP and elevated blood pressure. (C) 2004 Lippincott Williams Wilkins. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Cardiol, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Taylor, AJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Cardiol, Dept Med, 6900 Georgia Ave,NW,Bldg 2,Room 3L28, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM allen.taylor@na.amedd.army.mil NR 37 TC 33 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0954-6928 J9 CORONARY ARTERY DIS JI Coronary Artery Dis. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 15 IS 6 BP 331 EP 336 DI 10.1097/00019501-200409000-00006 PG 6 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 860QX UT WOS:000224359200006 PM 15346091 ER PT J AU Tsokos, G AF Tsokos, G TI SLE and Sjogren syndrome in 2004 - Editorial overview SO CURRENT OPINION IN RHEUMATOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Tsokos, G (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Bldg 503,Room 1A32,503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM gtsokos@usuhs.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1040-8711 J9 CURR OPIN RHEUMATOL JI CURR. OPIN. RHEUMATOL. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 16 IS 5 BP 497 EP 498 DI 10.1097/01.bor.0000134406.10469.08 PG 2 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 850IH UT WOS:000223604000001 ER PT J AU Kyttaris, VC Tsokos, GC AF Kyttaris, VC Tsokos, GC TI T lymphocytes in systemic lupus erythematosus: an update SO CURRENT OPINION IN RHEUMATOLOGY LA English DT Review DE systemic lupus erythematosus; T cells; T-cell receptor; apoptosis; interleukin-2; zeta-chain ID RECEPTOR ZETA-CHAIN; PROTEIN-KINASE-A; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD; AUTOIMMUNE-DISEASE; IL-2 PRODUCTION; PATIENTS LEADS; TCR-ZETA; CELLS; EXPRESSION; CXCR3 AB Purpose of review T cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus have been shown to be activated in vivo and provide cognate and noncognate help to autoreactive B cells. In particular, T cells exhibit aberrant responses to stimuli with increased calcium influx and decreased production of interferon-gamma and interleukin-2. An imbalance in the proapoptotic/antiapoptotic mechanisms also seems to contribute to the persistence of autoreactive clones and the lack of productive immune responses. The purpose of this review is to discuss recent studies that shed light into the pathogenetic mechanisms underlying T-cell dysfunction in systemic lupus erythematosus. Recent findings Significant progress has been made in understanding the causes of the abnormal T-cell receptor and other surface molecule-mediated signaling. Furthermore, investigators have characterized better the intracellular and nuclear signaling pathways that lead to abnormal cytokine production in lupus. Finally, efforts to correct these abnormalities in vitro have yielded promising results. Summary New findings in the pathophysiology of T cells in lupus and especially the application of novel techniques to correct immune cell aberrations on the transcriptional and translational levels give hope for the development of rational treatments in systemic lupus erythematosus. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Tsokos, GC (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM gtsokos@usuhs.mil NR 36 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1040-8711 J9 CURR OPIN RHEUMATOL JI CURR. OPIN. RHEUMATOL. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 16 IS 5 BP 548 EP 552 DI 10.1097/01.bor.0000132646.55056.e0 PG 5 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 850IH UT WOS:000223604000009 PM 15314492 ER PT J AU Rusnak, JM Kortepeter, M Ulrich, R Poli, M Boudreau, E AF Rusnak, JM Kortepeter, M Ulrich, R Poli, M Boudreau, E TI Laboratory exposures to Staphylococcal enterotoxin B SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID SUPERANTIGENS; EXOTOXINS AB Staphylococcal enterotoxins are 23- to 29-kDa polypeptides in the bacterial superantigen protein family. Clinical symptoms from intoxication with staphylococcal enterotoxins vary by exposure route. Ingestion results in gastrointestinal symptoms, and inhalation results in fever as well as pulmonary and gastrointestinal symptoms. Review of occupational exposures at the U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases from 1989 to 2002 showed that three laboratory workers had symptoms after ocular exposure to staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB). Conjunctivitis with localized cutaneous swelling occurred in three persons within 1 to 6 hours after exposure to SEB; two of these persons also had gastrointestinal symptoms, which suggests that such symptoms occurred as a result of exposure by an indirect cutaneos or ocular route. Ocular exposures from SEB resulting in conjunctivitis and localized swelling have not previously been reported. Symptoms from these patients and review of clinical symptoms of 16 laboratory-acquired inhalational SEB intoxications may help healthcare workers evaluate and identify SEB exposures in laboratory personnel at risk. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Special Immunizat Clin, Div Med, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Rusnak, JM (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Special Immunizat Clin, Div Med, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM Janice.Rusnak@det.amedd.army.mil NR 14 TC 28 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 5 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD SEP PY 2004 VL 10 IS 9 BP 1544 EP 1549 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 852FH UT WOS:000223740200004 PM 15498154 ER PT J AU Sterling, MC Bonner, JS Page, CA Fuller, CB Ernest, ANS Autenrieth, RL AF Sterling, MC Bonner, JS Page, CA Fuller, CB Ernest, ANS Autenrieth, RL TI Modeling crude oil droplet-sediment aggregation in nearshore waters SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CHEMICALLY-DISPERSED OIL; COAGULATION; TRANSPORT; BEHAVIOR; FLOCCULATION; ENVIRONMENT; EMULSIONS; PARTICLES; SALINITY; SPILLS AB This paper describes a modeling approach that simulates changes in particle size distribution and density due to aggregation by extending the Smoluchowski aggregation kinetic model to particles of different density. Batch flocculation studies were conducted for clay, colloidal silica, crude oil, clay-crude oil, and silica-crude oil systems. A parameter estimation algorithm was used to estimate homogeneous collision efficiencies (alpha(HOMO)) for single-particle-type systems and heterogeneous collision efficiencies (alpha(HET)) for two-particle-type systems. Homogeneous collision efficiency values (alpha(HOMO)) were greater for clay (03) and for crude oil (0.3) than for silica (0.01). Thus, clay and crude oil were classified as cohesive particles while silica was classified as noncohesive. Heterogeneous collision efficiencies were similar for oil-clay (0.4) and oil-silica (0.3) systems. Thus, crude oil increases the aggregation of noncohesive particles. Data from the calibrated aggregation model were used to estimate apparent first-order flocculation rates (K') for oil, clay, and silica and apparent second-order flocculation rates (K") for oil and clay in oil-clay systems and for oil and silica in oil-silica systems. For oil or clay systems, aggregation Damkohler numbers ranged from 0.1 to 1.0, suggesting that droplet coalescence and clay aggregation can occur on the same time scales as oil resurfacing and clay settling, respectively. For mixed oil-clay systems, the relative time scales of clay settling and clay-oil aggregation were also within an order of magnitude. Thus, oil-clay aggregation should be considered when modeling crude oil transport in nearshore waters. C1 Texas A&M Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Div Water Resources & Environm, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Conrad Blucher Inst Surveying & Sci, Corpus Christi, TX 78412 USA. Texas A&I Univ, Dept Environm Engn, Kingsville, TX 78363 USA. RP Sterling, MC (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, ERDC, EP E, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM Michael.C.Sterling@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 29 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD SEP 1 PY 2004 VL 38 IS 17 BP 4627 EP 4634 DI 10.1021/es035467z PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 851IN UT WOS:000223678900031 PM 15461172 ER PT J AU Allard, JE Catherino, WH Cisar, M Reid, E Rose, GS Segars, JH AF Allard, JE Catherino, WH Cisar, M Reid, E Rose, GS Segars, JH TI Estrogen receptor alpha and Brx proto-oncogene expression in human granulosa cell tumors. SO FERTILITY AND STERILITY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 60th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Reproductive-Medicine CY OCT 16-20, 2004 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Reprod Med C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0015-0282 J9 FERTIL STERIL JI Fertil. Steril. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 82 SU 2 MA P510 BP S316 EP S316 DI 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2004.07.852 PG 1 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA 855YM UT WOS:000224010800834 ER PT J AU Gustofson, RL Segars, JH Larsen, FW AF Gustofson, RL Segars, JH Larsen, FW TI Cost analysis of ganirelix versus luteal-phase lupron downregulation per assisted reproductive technology, (ART) cycle and pregnancy achieved. SO FERTILITY AND STERILITY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 60th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Reproductive-Medicine CY OCT 16-20, 2004 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Reprod Med C1 Natl Naval Med Res Inst, NIH, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, ART Program, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0015-0282 J9 FERTIL STERIL JI Fertil. Steril. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 82 SU 2 MA O296 BP S118 EP S119 DI 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2004.07.301 PG 2 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA 855YM UT WOS:000224010800295 ER PT J AU Gustofson, RL Bush, MR Segars, JH Larsen, FW AF Gustofson, RL Bush, MR Segars, JH Larsen, FW TI The novel use of ganirelix to rescue hyperresponding stimulation cycles from cancellation in patients treated with microdose lupron. SO FERTILITY AND STERILITY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 60th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Reproductive-Medicine CY OCT 16-20, 2004 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Reprod Med C1 Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, ART Program, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0015-0282 J9 FERTIL STERIL JI Fertil. Steril. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 82 SU 2 MA O82 BP S32 EP S33 DI 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2004.07.087 PG 2 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA 855YM UT WOS:000224010800082 ER PT J AU Parker, JD Armstrong, AY Segars, JH Larsen, FW AF Parker, JD Armstrong, AY Segars, JH Larsen, FW TI Prolonged use of OCP's prior to ART increases cycle cancellation rates in patients with tubal factor, male factor and unexplained infertility. SO FERTILITY AND STERILITY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 60th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Reproductive-Medicine CY OCT 16-20, 2004 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Reprod Med C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0015-0282 J9 FERTIL STERIL JI Fertil. Steril. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 82 SU 2 MA P197 BP S204 EP S204 DI 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2004.07.539 PG 1 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA 855YM UT WOS:000224010800528 ER PT J AU Payson, M Armstrong, A Nielsen, P Robinson, R Ernest, J Alvero, R AF Payson, M Armstrong, A Nielsen, P Robinson, R Ernest, J Alvero, R TI Analysis of reproductive endocrinology & infertility CREOG subject scores: A multi-institution study. SO FERTILITY AND STERILITY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 60th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Reproductive-Medicine CY OCT 16-20, 2004 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Reprod Med C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NIH, Washington, DC USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. San Antonio Uniformed Hlth Educ Consortium, San Antonio, TX USA. Wake Forest Univ, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Aurora, CO USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0015-0282 J9 FERTIL STERIL JI Fertil. Steril. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 82 SU 2 MA P485 BP S307 EP S307 DI 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2004.07.827 PG 1 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA 855YM UT WOS:000224010800809 ER PT J AU Payson, M Allard, J Alvero, R Segars, J Larsen, F AF Payson, M Allard, J Alvero, R Segars, J Larsen, F TI Methotrexate affects ovarian reserve in treatment of ectopic pregnancies resulting from ART. SO FERTILITY AND STERILITY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 60th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Reproductive-Medicine CY OCT 16-20, 2004 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Reprod Med C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Colorado, Aurora, CO USA. NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0015-0282 J9 FERTIL STERIL JI Fertil. Steril. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 82 SU 2 MA P23 BP S143 EP S144 DI 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2004.07.366 PG 2 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA 855YM UT WOS:000224010800359 ER PT J AU Lee, LT AF Lee, LT TI Method to rapidly assess the index properties of fine-grained dredged materials SO GEOTECHNICAL TESTING JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE slump test; liquid limit; very soft soils; dredged materials; geotechnical parameters AB Rapid assessment and characterization of very soft fine-grained soils may be desired in a field or laboratory situation when an estimate of soil properties is needed in advance of time-consuming standard laboratory procedures. For example, the need for rapid assessment may include geotechnical parameter estimation for preliminary design or jobsite quality control monitoring for specification compliance. One such method enabling parameter estimation or prediction consists of an adaptive technique called the "slump test" developed from a nongeotechnical materials test method. It is shown to be a viable tool for estimating index properties and remolded soil behavior. Correlations explored in this paper include water content, void ratio, Atterberg limits, and engineering behavior properties. C1 USA, Engn & Res Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Lee, LT (reprint author), USA, Engn & Res Dev Ctr, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TESTING MATERIALS PI W CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DR, W CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 USA SN 0149-6115 J9 GEOTECH TEST J JI Geotech. Test. J. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 27 IS 5 BP 464 EP 468 PG 5 WC Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA 850SM UT WOS:000223632700006 ER PT J AU Langseth, DE Smyth, AH May, J AF Langseth, DE Smyth, AH May, J TI A method for evaluating horizontal well pumping tests SO GROUND WATER LA English DT Article ID UNCONFINED AQUIFERS; FLOW; CAPTURE AB Predicting the future performance of horizontal wells under varying pumping conditions requires estimates of basic aquifer parameters, notably transmissivity and storativity. For vertical wells, there are well-established methods for estimating these parameters, typically based on either the recovery from induced head changes in a well or from the head response in observation wells to pumping in a test well. Comparable aquifer parameter estimation methods for horizontal wells have not been presented in the ground water literature. Formation parameter estimation methods based on measurements of pressure in horizontal wells have been presented in the petroleum industry literature, but these methods have limited applicability for ground water evaluation and are based on pressure measurements in only the horizontal well borehole, rather than in observation wells. This paper presents a simple and versatile method by which pumping test procedures developed for vertical wells can be applied to horizontal well pumping tests. The method presented here uses the principle of superposition to represent the horizontal well as a series of partially penetrating vertical wells. This concept is used to estimate a distance from an observation well at which a vertical well that has the same total pumping rate as the horizontal well will produce the same drawdown as the horizontal well. This equivalent distance may then be associated with an observation well for use in pumping test algorithms and type curves developed for vertical wells. The method is shown to produce good results for confined aquifers and unconfined aquifers in the absence of delayed yield response. For unconfined aquifers, the presence of delayed yield response increases the method error. C1 Northeastern Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Boston, MA 02115 USA. TRC Encironm Corp, Lowell, MA 01852 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Langseth, DE (reprint author), Gradient Corp, 20 Univ Rd, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM dlangseth@gradientcorp.com NR 42 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 6 PU NATIONAL GROUND WATER ASSOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 601 DEMPSEY RD, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081 USA SN 0017-467X J9 GROUND WATER JI Ground Water PD SEP-OCT PY 2004 VL 42 IS 5 BP 689 EP 699 DI 10.1111/j.1745-6584.2004.tb02723.x PG 11 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA 852BI UT WOS:000223729800009 PM 15457792 ER PT J AU Lyon, DH AF Lyon, DH TI A military perspective on small unmanned aerial vehicles SO IEEE INSTRUMENTATION & MEASUREMENT MAGAZINE LA English DT Article C1 USA, Res Lab, Adv Munit Concepts Branch, Washington, DC USA. RP Lyon, DH (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adv Munit Concepts Branch, Washington, DC USA. EM lyon@arl.army.mil NR 1 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1094-6969 J9 IEEE INSTRU MEAS MAG JI IEEE Instrum. Meas. Mag. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 7 IS 3 BP 27 EP 31 DI 10.1109/MIM.2004.1337910 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 856SB UT WOS:000224064000005 ER PT J AU Swami, A Tong, L AF Swami, A Tong, L TI Signal processing for networking: An integrated approach SO IEEE SIGNAL PROCESSING MAGAZINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20310 USA. Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Swami, A (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RI Magazine, Signal Processing/E-9947-2015 NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1053-5888 J9 IEEE SIGNAL PROC MAG JI IEEE Signal Process. Mag. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 21 IS 5 BP 18 EP 19 DI 10.1109/MSP.2004.1328084 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 848PX UT WOS:000223480700005 ER PT J AU Sun, KL O'Neill, K Shubitidze, F Shamatava, I Paulsen, KD AF Sun, KL O'Neill, K Shubitidze, F Shamatava, I Paulsen, KD TI Theoretical analysis and range of validity of TSA formulation for application to UXO discrimination SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE electromagnetic induction (EMI); impedance boundary condition (IBC); Monte Carlo simulation; remote sensing; scattering; sensitivity analysis; thin-skin depth; unexploded ordnance (UXO) ID ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION SCATTERING; IMPEDANCE BOUNDARY-CONDITIONS; IMPLEMENTATION; EXCITATION; OBJECTS; FIELDS AB Operating in the magnetoquasistatic regime (a few hertz to perhaps a few 100 kHz), electromagnetic induction (EMI) sensing has recently emerged as one of the most promising avenues for discrimination of subsurface metallic objects, e;g., unexploded ordnance. The technique of thin-skin approximation (TSA) was devised to deal with numerical problems caused by the rapid decay of fields beneath the scatterer's surface. The rather nonintuitively broad applicability and specific error patterns of the TSA formulation are explained here by theoretical analysis based on analytical solutions and approximate Monte Carlo simulation. In the limiting case of infinitesimal skin depth (EMI perfect reflection), the scatterer aspect ratio (AR) is inferred without regard to metal type. Alternatively, the AR of some homogeneous magnetic objects is inferred from the pattern of transverse to axial response ratio over the entire EMI ultrawideband. Use of the method in inversions for electromagnetic parameters reveals fundamental nonuniqueness problems and shows their basis, which is not dependent on the method of forward solution. C1 Dartmouth Coll, Thayer Sch Engn, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Sun, KL (reprint author), Dartmouth Coll, Thayer Sch Engn, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM Keli.sun@dartmouth.edu NR 25 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0196-2892 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD SEP PY 2004 VL 42 IS 9 BP 1871 EP 1881 DI 10.1109/TGRS.2004.831891 PG 11 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 854VM UT WOS:000223931600008 ER PT J AU Wang, GX Gertner, GZ Anderson, AB AF Wang, GX Gertner, GZ Anderson, AB TI Spatial-variability-based algorithms for scaling-up spatial data and uncertainties SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE geostatistics; remotely sensed data; scaling-up; spatial variability; uncertainty; vegetation cover mapping ID SOIL LOSS EQUATION; IMAGE; PREDICTION; RESOLUTION; SIZE AB When using remote sensing and geogrphaic information systems, accurately scaling-up spatial data of a variable and their uncertainties from a finer to a coarser spatial resolution is widely required in mapping and managing natural resources and ecological and environmental systems. In this study, four up-scaling methods were derived based on simple and ordinary cokriging estimators and a sequential Gaussian cosimulation algorithm for points and blocks. Taking spatial variability of variables into account in the up-scaling process made it possible to simultaneously and accurately obtain estimates and estimation variances of larger blocks from sample and image data of smaller supports. With the aid of Thematic Mapper imagery, these methods were compared in a case study where overall vegetation and tree covers were. scaled up from a spatial resolution of 30 x 30 m(2) to 90 x 90 m(2) with a stratification method at 90 x 90 m(2). The results showed that the methods Point simple coKriging-Point co-Simulation scaling UP (PsK_PSUP) and PsK_Block co-Simulation (PsK_BS) led to smaller errors and better reproduced spatial distribution and variability of the variables than the other methods. Choosing PsK_PSUP or PsK_BS depends on the users' emphasis on accuracy of estimates and variances, computational time, etc. The methods can be applied to multiple continuous variables that have any distribution. It is also expected that the general idea behind the methods can be expanded to scaling-up spatial data for categorical variables. C1 Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. USA, Construct Engn Res Lab, Corps Engineers, Champaign, IL 61826 USA. RP Wang, GX (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM gertner@uiuc.edu NR 37 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 17 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0196-2892 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD SEP PY 2004 VL 42 IS 9 BP 2004 EP 2015 DI 10.1109/TGRS.2004.831889 PG 12 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 854VM UT WOS:000223931600021 ER PT J AU Moore, TJ Sadler, BM AF Moore, TJ Sadler, BM TI Sufficient conditions for regularity and strict identifiability in MIMO systems SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SIGNAL PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE error statistics; identification; MIMO systems; parameter estimation ID MULTIPLE FIR CHANNELS; BLIND IDENTIFICATION; 2ND-ORDER STATISTICS; SIDE INFORMATION; BOUNDS AB We consider regularity and identifiability of convolutive multi-input multi-output (MIMO) systems with additive white Gaussian noise, modeling the source and finite impulse response (FIR) channel sequences as deterministic unknowns. In the blind context, the MIMO system is not locally identifiable; hence, its Fisher information matrix (FIM) is not regular. In fact, the dimension of the complex-valued blind FIM null space is at least the number of sources squared. Because the FIM is singular, additional information about the system is required to resolve the degrees of uncertainty and thereby obtain a valid Cramer-Rao bound (CRB); therefore, it is of interest to know under what conditions the blind FIM nullity reaches its lower bound. We develop sufficient conditions for the complex FIM to attain its minimum nullity, refining previous necessary conditions, and extending single-input multi-output (SIMO) results. We show that the sufficient conditions for the complex FIM to have minimum nullity are also equivalent to sufficient conditions for MIMO strict identifiability. These provide sufficient conditions on the richness of the sources, the required diversity, and the source lengths. Under these conditions, additional constraints, such as training, may be employed to yield an identifiable system with no ambiguities remaining. C1 AMSRL CI CN, Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Moore, TJ (reprint author), AMSRL CI CN, Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM bsadler@arl.army.mil NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1053-587X J9 IEEE T SIGNAL PROCES JI IEEE Trans. Signal Process. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 52 IS 9 BP 2650 EP 2655 DI 10.1109/TSP.2004.831910 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 848QN UT WOS:000223482300025 ER PT J AU Yang, JS Kosinski, JA AF Yang, JS Kosinski, JA TI Effects of piezoelectric coupling on energy trapping of thickness-shear modes SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ULTRASONICS FERROELECTRICS AND FREQUENCY CONTROL LA English DT Letter ID LANGASITE; PLATES AB Energy trapping of thickness-shear vibration modes in a partially electroded piezoelectric crystal plate of monoclinic symmetry is analyzed. Effects of piezoelectric coupling on energy trapping are examined. Results show that the effect of piezoelectric coupling is comparable to the effect of electrode mass and needs to be included in the analysis of energy trapping. C1 Univ Nebraska, Dept Mech Engn, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. USA, CECOM, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Yang, JS (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Mech Engn, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. EM jyang1@unl.edu NR 10 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0885-3010 J9 IEEE T ULTRASON FERR JI IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control PD SEP PY 2004 VL 51 IS 9 BP 1047 EP 1049 PG 3 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Acoustics; Engineering GA 851KQ UT WOS:000223684400001 PM 15478965 ER PT J AU Richardson, PC Elkateeb, A Sieh, L AF Richardson, PC Elkateeb, A Sieh, L TI An adaptive real-time intravehicle network protocol for intelligent vehicle systems SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE adaptive network protocols; intelligent vehicle systems (IVSs); real-time networks; transient faults ID CONTROLLER AREA NETWORK; IMPLEMENTATION; DESIGN AB Intelligent vehicle systems are inherently real-time systems that must perform continuous operations, often in harsh and unpredictable environments. The real-time network infrastructure is a key technology enabler for these systems. This effort presents an adaptive real-time network protocol (ARTNP) that provides multidimensional quality-of-service support for time-sensitive data under nominal conditions and during transient surges. Transient surges (e.g., the retransmission of corrupt or lost data and the unspecified arrival of sporadic messages) are problematic in that they can temporarily overload the network, causing message transmissions to be late. ARTNP is a fully distributed protocol that specifically addresses the issue of transient surges in network loading. Under nominal conditions, ARTNP can guarantee the time constraints of any messages at optimally high levels of network utilization. During a transient surge, ARTNP will detect the surge and alter the ordering of message transmissions to sustain the timely transmission of critical messages. The CAN protocol is selected as the underlying network, because of its wide spread use in vehicular systems. Simulations compare the performance of ARTNP against an optimal nonadaptive approach. C1 Univ Michigan, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Dearborn, MI 48128 USA. USA, Tank Automot Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Warren, MI 48397 USA. RP Univ Michigan, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Dearborn, MI 48128 USA. EM richarpc@umich.edu; elkateeb@umd.umich.edu; siehl@tacom.army.mil NR 30 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9545 EI 1939-9359 J9 IEEE T VEH TECHNOL JI IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 53 IS 5 BP 1594 EP 1606 DI 10.1109/TVT.2004.833616 PG 13 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Telecommunications; Transportation GA 856HZ UT WOS:000224037600028 ER PT J AU David, P Dementhon, D Duraiswami, R Samet, H AF David, P Dementhon, D Duraiswami, R Samet, H TI SoftPOSIT: Simultaneous pose and correspondence determination SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTER VISION LA English DT Article DE object recognition; autonomous navigation; POSIT; softassign ID 3D OBJECT RECOGNITION; MODEL; ALGORITHM; ORIENTATION AB The problem of pose estimation arises in many areas of computer vision, including object recognition, object tracking. site inspection and updating, and autonomous navigation when scene models are available. We present a new algorithm, called SoftPOSIT, for determining the pose of a 3D object from a single 2D image when correspondences between object points and image points are not known. The algorithm combines the iterative softassign algorithm (Gold and Rangarajan, 1996; Gold et al., 1998) for computing correspondences and the iterative POSIT algorithm (DeMenthon and Davis, 1995) for computing object pose under a full-perspective camera model. Our algorithm, unlike most previous algorithms for pose determination, does not have to hypothesize small sets of matches and then verify the remaining image points. Instead, all possible matches are treated identically throughout the search for an optimal pose. The performance of the algorithm is extensively evaluated in Monte Carlo simulations on synthetic data under a variety of levels of clutter, occlusion, and image noise. These tests show that the algorithm performs well in a variety of difficult scenarios, and empirical evidence suggests that the algorithm has an asymptotic run-time complexity that is better than previous methods by a factor of the number of image points. The algorithm is being applied to a number of practical autonomous vehicle navigation problems including the registration of 3D architectural models of a city to images, and the docking of small robots onto larger robots. C1 Univ Maryland, Inst Adv Comp Studies, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP David, P (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Inst Adv Comp Studies, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RI Duraiswami, Ramani/J-6070-2012 OI Duraiswami, Ramani/0000-0002-5596-8460 NR 40 TC 76 Z9 82 U1 3 U2 12 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5691 J9 INT J COMPUT VISION JI Int. J. Comput. Vis. PD SEP-OCT PY 2004 VL 59 IS 3 BP 259 EP 284 DI 10.1023/B:VISI.0000025800.10423.1f PG 26 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence SC Computer Science GA 816HK UT WOS:000221100800003 ER PT J AU Newman, JA Piascik, RS AF Newman, JA Piascik, RS TI Interactions of plasticity and oxide crack closure mechanisms near the fatigue crack growth threshold SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FATIGUE LA English DT Article DE fatigue crack growth threshold; oxide-induced crack closure; plasticity-induced crack closure ID BEHAVIOR; ENVIRONMENT AB An advanced analytical model developed earlier has been utilized to predict interactions between plasticity and oxide crack closure mechanisms that influence near-threshold fatigue crack growth behavior. Near-threshold closure is complex because multiple closure mechanisms are likely, including plasticity and oxide-induced crack closure. A series of experiments has been performed to validate analytical results. Analytical and experimental results suggest that interactions between plasticity and oxide result in high closure levels near the fatigue crack growth threshold. At sufficiently low DeltaK, the combined effects of plasticity and oxide completely closes fatigue cracks resulting in high fatigue crack growth threshold values. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USA, Res Lab, Vehicle Technol Directorate, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. RP Newman, JA (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Vehicle Technol Directorate, Mail Stop 188E, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. EM j.a.newman@larc.nasa.gov NR 14 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0142-1123 J9 INT J FATIGUE JI Int. J. Fatigue PD SEP PY 2004 VL 26 IS 9 BP 923 EP 927 DI 10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2004.02.001 PG 5 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 838US UT WOS:000222739400002 ER PT J AU Dutta, PK Cole, DM Schulson, EM Sodhi, DS AF Dutta, PK Cole, DM Schulson, EM Sodhi, DS TI A fracture study of ice under high strain rate loading SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OFFSHORE AND POLAR ENGINEERING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference (ISOPE-2003) CY MAY 25-30, 2003 CL HONOLULU, HI DE high strain rate; ice compressive strength; ice dynamic response; ice force; ice impact; ice strength; ice temperature effects ID SALINE ICE; BRITTLE FAILURE; SEA-ICE AB High strain rate compression tests were conducted with columnar ice grown in the laboratory. In addition to measuring stress and strain to failure at 2 strain rates, we examined the effects of end conditions on the failure process. Experiments were performed in a split Hopkinson pressure bar at 2 temperatures, -10degreesC and -40degreesC, and a strain rate in the range of 10 to 15 s(-1). Additional experiments were performed on similarly grown ice at a lower strain rate of 3 x 10(-4) s(-1) for comparison. In the high strain rate tests, the general observation is that most failures occurred by splitting, and the final failure by collapse of the columns, which become unstable under the sustained load during the passage of the stress wave. Most failures occurred around a value of 1000 microstrain. After crack initiation, failure is progressive, with multiple peaks in the stress-time history, and it takes a finite time for ejection of fragments before the final collapse. Reduction of temperature increases the peak stress values. We also note that although the initial fracture is brittle in nature, the final failure, or collapse, because of time for the fragment ejection, gives the appearance of viscoelastic failure. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Dartmouth Coll, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Dutta, PK (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 26 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 11 PU INT SOC OFFSHORE POLAR ENGINEERS PI CUPERTINO PA PO BOX 189, CUPERTINO, CA 95015-0189 USA SN 1053-5381 J9 INT J OFFSHORE POLAR JI Int. J. Offshore Polar Eng. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 14 IS 3 BP 182 EP 188 PG 7 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 852SE UT WOS:000223775900004 ER PT J AU Freeman, DC Brown, ML Duda, JJ Graham, JH Emlen, JM Krzysik, AJ Balbach, HE Kovacic, DA Zak, JC AF Freeman, DC Brown, ML Duda, JJ Graham, JH Emlen, JM Krzysik, AJ Balbach, HE Kovacic, DA Zak, JC TI Photosynthesis and fluctuating asymmetry as indicators of plant response to soil disturbance in the fall-line sandhills of Georgia: A case study using Rhus copallinum and Ipomoea pandurata SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLANT SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE photosynthesis; fluctuating asymmetry; developmental instability; fire; transpiration; stomatal conductance ID DEVELOPMENTAL INSTABILITY; LEAF NITROGEN; LEAVES; TRANSPIRATION; RESISTANCE; STRESS; CARBON; LIGHT; CONDUCTANCE; CAPACITY AB We examined net photosynthesis, transpiration, stomatal conductance, and leaf fluctuating asymmetry on two species (Rhus copallinum and Ipomoea pandurata) as indicators of stress at nine sites across a gradient of soil disturbance at Fort Benning, Georgia. There were three sites for each of three disturbance levels. Physical habitat disturbance was caused by activities associated with infantry training, including mechanized elements (tanks and personnel carriers) and foot soldiers. In addition, we examined the influence of prescribed burns and microhabitat effects (within meter-square quadrats centered about the plant) on these measures of plant stress. Net photosynthesis declined with increasing disturbance in the absence of burning for both species. However, when sites were burned the previous year, net photosynthesis increased with increasing disturbance. Developmental instability in Rhus, as measured by fluctuating asymmetry, also declined with increasing disturbance in the absence of burning but increased with disturbance if sites were burned the previous year. Developmental instability was much less sensitive to burning in Ipomoea and in general was lowest at intermediate disturbance sites. Microenvironmental and microhabitat effects were weakly correlated with measures of plant stress when all sites were combined. However, higher correlations were obtained within site categories, especially when the recent history of prescribed burning was used as a category. Finally, using all of the combined data in a discriminant function analysis allowed us to correctly predict the disturbance level of more than 80% of the plants. Plant stress is responsive to both large-scale perturbations, such as burning, and microhabitat parameters. Because of this, it is important to include macro- and microhabitat parameters when assessing stress. Similarly, we found a combination of developmental and physiological indicators of stress was superior to using them separately. C1 Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. US Geol Survey, Biol Resources Div, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA. Berry Coll, Dept Biol, Mt Berry, GA 30149 USA. Prescott Coll, Inst Ecol Res, Prescott, AZ 86301 USA. USA, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61826 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Landscape Architecture, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. Texas Tech Univ, Dept Biol, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. RP Freeman, DC (reprint author), Wayne State Univ, 5047 Gullen Mall No 1360, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. EM cfreeman@sun.science.wayne.edu RI Duda, Jeffrey/A-7132-2009 OI Duda, Jeffrey/0000-0001-7431-8634 NR 36 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 5 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-5893 J9 INT J PLANT SCI JI Int. J. Plant Sci. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 165 IS 5 BP 805 EP 816 DI 10.1086/421478 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 878DX UT WOS:000225627800012 ER PT J AU Bolonkin, A AF Bolonkin, A TI Light multi-reflex engine SO JBIS-JOURNAL OF THE BRITISH INTERPLANETARY SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE bolonkin light engine; multireflex engine; transfer of light to mechanical energy AB The purpose of this article is to call attention to the revolutionary idea of multi-reflection. This idea allows the design of new engines, space propulsion systems, storage of a beam and solar energy, transmission of energy over millions of kilometers, a new weapon, etc. This method and its main innovations were offered by the author in 1983 in the former USSR. Now the author shows in a series of articles the huge possibilities of this idea in many fields such as space, aviation, energy, energy transmission, beam amplification, light transformation and so on. This article considers the direct transfer of light beam energy to mechanical energy and back. C1 USA, Natl Res Council, Brooklyn, NY 11229 USA. RP Bolonkin, A (reprint author), USA, Natl Res Council, Eglin AFB,1310 Ave R,F-6, Brooklyn, NY 11229 USA. EM aBolonkin@juno.com NR 14 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU BRITISH INTERPLANETARY SOC PI LONDON PA 27-29 S LAMBETH RD, LONDON SW8 1SZ, ENGLAND SN 0007-084X J9 JBIS-J BRIT INTERPLA JI JBIS-J. Br. Interplanet. Soc. PD SEP-OCT PY 2004 VL 57 IS 9-10 BP 353 EP 359 PG 7 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology GA 844ER UT WOS:000223140800010 ER PT J AU Lee, CK Buckley, JE AF Lee, CK Buckley, JE TI Method for steerable clustered round parachutes SO JOURNAL OF AIRCRAFT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT AIAA 17th Aerodynamic Decelerator Systems Technology Conference CY MAY 19, 2003 CL Monterey, CA SP Amer Inst Aeronaut & Astronaut AB The U.S. Army is currently pursuing a low-cost parachute system for precision airdrop of cargo. Low-cost clusters of round parachutes are being considered as a potential candidate for such a system. A method is presented that provides a glide and steering capability for a cluster of round parachutes for precision airdrop. The method involves partially connecting two round parachutes that have openings and pulldown skirts on their canopies. Glide and steering are achieved by maneuvering the pulldown skirt. This method was developed and tested first using a cluster of two one-quarter-scale G12 cargo parachutes. System glide and turn were demonstrated on a cluster of two full-scale G12 parachutes. Currently, the method is being applied to a cluster of two G11 parachutes for precision airdrop of a 4,540 kg load. C1 USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Airdrop Aerial Delivery Directorate, Soldier Biol Chem Command, Natick, MA 01760 USA. USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Collect Protect Directorate, Soldier Biol Chem Command, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Lee, CK (reprint author), USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Airdrop Aerial Delivery Directorate, Soldier Biol Chem Command, Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0021-8669 J9 J AIRCRAFT JI J. Aircr. PD SEP-OCT PY 2004 VL 41 IS 5 BP 1191 EP 1195 DI 10.2514/1.4174 PG 5 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 862EI UT WOS:000224472600024 ER PT J AU Bose, M AF Bose, M TI Averting 'the final failure': John F. Kennedy and the secret Cuban missile crisis meetings. SO JOURNAL OF AMERICAN HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Bose, M (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ORGANIZATION AMER HISTORIANS PI BLOOMINGTON PA 112 N BRYAN ST, BLOOMINGTON, IN 47408 USA SN 0021-8723 J9 J AM HIST JI J. Am. Hist. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 91 IS 2 BP 696 EP 697 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 855PX UT WOS:000223987300125 ER PT J AU van der Schalie, WH Shedd, TR Widder, MW Brennan, LM AF van der Schalie, WH Shedd, TR Widder, MW Brennan, LM TI Response characteristics of an aquatic biomonitor used for rapid toxicity detection SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st EILATox Workshop CY SEP 09-13, 2002 CL Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR SP Ben-Gurion Univ Negev, Hebrew Univ Jerusalem HO Oregon State Univ DE biomonitor; biological early warning system; Lepomis macrochirus; bluegill; aquatic toxicity; water security; toxicity detection; mode of toxic action ID BLUEGILL LEPOMIS-MACROCHIRUS; EARLY WARNING SYSTEMS; PRIORITY POLLUTANTS; FISH; WATER; ORGANISMS; EFFLUENT AB The response characteristics of an aquatic biomonitor that detects toxicity by monitoring changes in bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus Rafinesque) ventilatory and movement patterns were evaluated in single chemical laboratory studies at concentrations near the 96-h LC50 concentration and at the EILATox-Oregon Workshop in sequential tests of multiple unknown samples. Baseline data collected prior to exposure allows each fish to serve as its own control. When at least 70% of exposed fish exhibit ventilatory or movement parameters significantly different from baseline observations, a group alarm is declared. In the laboratory studies, the aquatic biomonitor responded to the majority of chemicals at the 96-h LC50 within an hour or less, although substantially higher response times were found for malathion and pentachlorophenol. Workshop tests of single chemical concentrations presented as blind samples were consistent with the laboratory test results. There were no alarms under control conditions in any test. Although data are limited, the aquatic biomonitor appears to respond more rapidly to chemicals causing membrane irritation, narcosis or polar narcosis than to acetylcholinesterase inhibitors or oxidative phosphorylation uncouplers. All four monitored parameters (ventilatory rate, cough rate, ventilatory depth and movement) contributed to identification of first alarms at acutely toxic levels. Understanding these response patterns can be useful in data interpretation for biomonitor applications such as surface water monitoring for watershed protection, wastewater treatment plant effluent monitoring or source water monitoring for drinking water protection. Copyright (C) 2004 John Wiley Sons, Ltd. C1 USA, Ctr Environm Hlth Res, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Geo Ctrs Inc, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP van der Schalie, WH (reprint author), USA, Ctr Environm Hlth Res, 568 Doughten Dr, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM william.vanderschalie@amedd.army.mil NR 38 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0260-437X EI 1099-1263 J9 J APPL TOXICOL JI J. Appl. Toxicol. PD SEP-OCT PY 2004 VL 24 IS 5 BP 387 EP 394 DI 10.1002/jat.1028 PG 8 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 863VS UT WOS:000224592100013 PM 15478171 ER PT J AU Ding, MS AF Ding, MS TI Casteel-Amis equation: Its extension from univariate to multivariate and its use as a two-parameter function SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING DATA LA English DT Article ID CONCENTRATED ELECTROLYTE-SOLUTIONS; PLUS DIETHYL CARBONATE; SHEAR RELAXATION-TIME; PC-EC SOLUTIONS; PROPYLENE CARBONATE; ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; SOLVENT COMPOSITION; RAMAN-SPECTRA; SALT CONTENT; TEMPERATURES AB The report describes the background of the empirical Casteel-Amis equation and its application to fitting experimental data of conductivity as a function of salt content in electrolytes. It further summarizes the attempts since its publication to extend the equation from a univariate to a multivariate function to include additional variables such as temperature and solvent composition, focusing on that to extend it to a bivariate function of salt content and solvent composition with examples from the solutions of LiPF6, LiBF4, LiBOB, Et4NPF6, and Et4NBF4 in propylene carbonate (PC) + diethyl carbonate and in PC + ethylene carbonate and LiClO4 in PC + acetonitrile. In addition, I discuss, along with experimental data and functional analysis, the validity of using this equation as a two-parameter function in relation to the range of salt content. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Ding, MS (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM mding@arl.army.mil NR 29 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-9568 J9 J CHEM ENG DATA JI J. Chem. Eng. Data PD SEP-OCT PY 2004 VL 49 IS 5 BP 1469 EP 1474 DI 10.1021/je049839a PG 6 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Engineering GA 853NA UT WOS:000223833100062 ER PT J AU Jepsen, R Roberts, J Gailani, J AF Jepsen, R Roberts, J Gailani, J TI Erosion measurements in linear, oscillatory, and combined oscillatory and linear flow regimes SO JOURNAL OF COASTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE waves; sediment; SEDflume ID BULK-DENSITY; BOTTOM AB Many contaminated sediments and dredged material mixtures of cohesive and non-cohesive sediments occur in wave-dominated environments. In-situ analysis is imperative in understanding the erosion and transport of these sediments. Recent research efforts have developed a flume with unidirectional flow that can measure in-situ sediment erosion with depth (SEDflume). However, the flow regime for the SEDflume has limited applicability to wave-dominated environments. Therefore, a unique device, called the SEAWOLF flume, was developed and used by Sandia National Laboratories to simulate high-shear stress erosion processes experienced in coastal waters where wave forcing dominates the system. The SEAWOLF is capable of testing in-situ or laboratory prepared cores. Erosion rates of cohesive and non-cohesive sediments prepared in the laboratory were determined in oscillatory and combined oscillatory and linear flow regimes. Results of these tests were compared to results from the unidirectional SEDflume. Although maximum shear stresses for oscillatory flows were as high as 7 Pa for the tests, the associated erosion rate for specific sediment over the entire wave cycle were comparable to much lower shear stresses found for constant, linear flows. For example, sediment exposed to a maximum of 7 Pa over a 15 s period resulted in erosion rates similar to results for a constant linear shear stress of 3.4 Pa. Analysis of results for all sediments tested led to a determination of values for an effective shear stress that relates wave-induced erosion to linear flow induced erosion. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Carlsbad Programs Grp, Carlsbad, NM 88220 USA. CEWES CC D, Coastal Hydraul Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Jepsen, R (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,MS 1135, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 8 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 7 PU COASTAL EDUCATION & RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0749-0208 J9 J COASTAL RES JI J. Coast. Res. PD FAL PY 2004 VL 20 IS 4 BP 1096 EP 1101 DI 10.2112/03-0003R.1 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA 873JW UT WOS:000225276900013 ER PT J AU Thompson, EF Smith, JM Miller, HC AF Thompson, EF Smith, JM Miller, HC TI Wave transformation modeling at Cape Fear River entrance, North Carolina SO JOURNAL OF COASTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Ebb tide shoals; spectral wave model; STWAVE; wave gauges; ADCP gauges AB Wave transformation in the region of Cape Fear, NC, is investigated through field measurements and application of the numerical spectral wave model STWAVE. Field data on offshore and nearshore directional waves, high-resolution bathymetry, tide, and wind were collected starting in the fall of 2000. The applicability of using offshore gauge data as input along the model boundary was evaluated by additional modeling on a coarse grid extending seaward beyond the influence of irregular shelf bathymetry. Model evaluation is presented based on three storm events. For nearshore model and gauge results paired in time, the root-mean-square error in wave height is 0.2-0.5 m and in wave direction is 14-24 deg. The relative importance of accurate bathymetry, tide, wind, nonlinear wave-wave interactions, and spectral shape (measured versus parameterized) are examined with model sensitivity studies. Impacts on potential longshore transport computations are also considered. High-resolution bathymetry is found to be most significant in reducing model versus gauge differences. Use of parametric input spectra gave comparable results to input of measured two-dimensional spectra for the selected storms. C1 USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, Kitty Hawk, NC 27949 USA. RP Thompson, EF (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 7 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU COASTAL EDUCATION & RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0749-0208 J9 J COASTAL RES JI J. Coast. Res. PD FAL PY 2004 VL 20 IS 4 BP 1135 EP 1154 DI 10.2112/03-0053R.1 PG 20 WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA 873JW UT WOS:000225276900016 ER PT J AU Tuthill, A Liu, LW Shen, HT AF Tuthill, A Liu, LW Shen, HT TI Modeling ice passage at navigation locks SO JOURNAL OF COLD REGIONS ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE locks; ice flow; numerical models; culverts AB Physical and numerical models were used to assess ice passage at navigation locks, focusing on key factors such as the design of the lock filling and emptying system and the intakes to the lock filling culverts. Unconventional ice passage techniques Such as manifolds in the miter gates were also evaluated. Physical model results were compared to field observations and to a parallel series of tests using the DynaRICE ice-hydraulic numerical model. The study focused on three general ice processes at locks: (1) ice accumulating near culvert intakes during lock tilling; (2) drawing ice into the lock chamber; and (3) flushing ice out of the lock. Ice accumulation thickness in the upper lock approach was found to be the most important parameter affecting ice passage into the lock chamber. Physical and numerical model results compared reasonably well, proving DynaRICE to be a useful tool for assessing ice passage for new lock designs. C1 Ctr Res & Dev, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Clarkson Univ, Potsdam, NY 13699 USA. RP Tuthill, A (reprint author), Ctr Res & Dev, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM Andrew.M.Tuthill@erdc.usace.army.mil; liul@clarkson.edu; htshen@clarkson.edu NR 21 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0887-381X J9 J COLD REG ENG JI J. Cold Reg. Eng. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 18 IS 3 BP 89 EP 109 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0887-381X(2004)18:3(89) PG 21 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA 848JY UT WOS:000223464800001 ER PT J AU Cooper, GR Costello, M AF Cooper, GR Costello, M TI Flight dynamic response of spinning projectiles to lateral impulsive SO JOURNAL OF DYNAMIC SYSTEMS MEASUREMENT AND CONTROL-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article AB The linear theory,for spinning projectiles is extended to account for the application of a simple lateral square impulse activated during free flight. Analytical results are shown to produce simple contributions to the familiar aerodynamic jump formulation. Inquiries regarding jump smearing caused by nonzero impulse length are addressed and answered. The formulation shows for sufficiently long-term target interception, lateral impulse trajectory response for a guided projectile is independent of when the impulse is activated during the yaw cycle. Simple limits show the presented results reducing to those previously found for a zero-spin projectile acted upon by a singular lateral impulse. C1 USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. Oregon State Univ, Dept Engn Mech, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Cooper, GR (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. NR 6 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 2 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0022-0434 J9 J DYN SYST-T ASME JI J. Dyn. Syst. Meas. Control-Trans. ASME PD SEP PY 2004 VL 126 IS 3 BP 605 EP 613 DI 10.1115/1.1789976 PG 9 WC Automation & Control Systems; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Automation & Control Systems; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 879FX UT WOS:000225702900019 ER PT J AU Das, NC Chang, W AF Das, NC Chang, W TI Mesa-size dependence characteristics of vertical surface-emitting lasers SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE VCSEL; oxidation; surface-emitting laser ID CAVITY LASERS AB The vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) is the most suitable light source for many optoelectronic applications because of its planar nature. The design of large VCSEL arrays requires accurate modeling of device characteristics. In this paper, we present a thermal model to analyze the dependence of VCSEL threshold current and light-output characteristics on aperture size. For both 850-nm and 980-nm VCSELs, a linear dependence of threshold current on device area is observed for oxidized aperture sizes with diameters between 5 mum and 25 mum. Good agreement between theoretical and experimental light-output characteristics is observed using a simple thermal model. C1 USA, Res Lab, EM, SE,AMSRL, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP USA, Res Lab, EM, SE,AMSRL, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM ndas@arl.army.mil NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0361-5235 EI 1543-186X J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 33 IS 9 BP 972 EP 976 DI 10.1007/s11664-004-0024-y PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 857QQ UT WOS:000224133800007 ER PT J AU Grigg, TR Liewehr, FR Patton, WR Buxton, TB McPherson, JC AF Grigg, TR Liewehr, FR Patton, WR Buxton, TB McPherson, JC TI Effect of the wicking behavior of multifilament sutures SO JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS LA English DT Article ID ORAL TISSUES; POLYGLYCOLIC ACID; SILK; SURGERY AB The purpose of this study was to compare the wicking propensity of multifilament sutures. Dexon II, Vicryl, and black silk suture (BSS) were dipped in saline or soaked for 48 h, then suspended on a microscope slide. Fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran (FITC-D) was placed at the suture mid points, and its movement was observed using fluorescence microscopy. The experiment was repeated, replacing the FITC-D with mixture of S. salivarius and saline, incubating the suture specimens in culture medium, and evaluating microbial growth. Dipped sutures showed FITC-D movement in the Dexon II group only. All 48-h soaked sutures demonstrated FITC-D movement with significant (p<0.005) differences in mean times: BSS 179&PLUSMN;42 s; Vicryl 120&PLUSMN;26 s; and Dexon II 32&PLUSMN;2 s. Dexon II suture demonstrated wicking of S. salivarius, whereas Vicryl and BSS did not (p<0.05). These results suggest that BSS and Vicryl sutures do not wick as readily as Dexon II does. C1 USA, Endodont Residency Program, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. USA, Dent Corps, Ft Gordon, GA USA. Dwight D Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Ft Gordon, GA USA. RP Liewehr, FR (reprint author), USA, Endodont Residency Program, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. EM doctorendo@comcast.net NR 16 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0099-2399 J9 J ENDODONT JI J. Endod. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 30 IS 9 BP 649 EP 652 DI 10.1097/01.DON.0000121617.67923.05 PG 4 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 851GB UT WOS:000223672500006 PM 15329570 ER PT J AU Evanov, C Liewehr, F Buxton, TB Joyce, AP AF Evanov, C Liewehr, F Buxton, TB Joyce, AP TI Antibacterial efficacy of calcium hydroxide and chlorhexidine gluconate irrigants at 37 degrees C and 46 degrees C SO JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS LA English DT Article ID ROOT-CANAL DENTIN; ENTEROCOCCUS-FAECALIS; ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY; SODIUM-HYPOCHLORITE; IN-VITRO; ENDODONTIC IRRIGANTS; SCANNING ELECTRON; TUBULES; DISINFECTION; TEMPERATURE AB This study investigated the ability of two endodontic irrigants to eliminate Enterococcus faecalis from dentinal tubules, and whether their antimicrobial action was enhanced by heat. The lumens of disks prepared from extracted bovine roots were infected with E. faecalis and incubated for 72 h. Specimens were then filled with saline, 10% calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)(2)), or 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) at 24degreesC or 46degreesC and incubated at 37degreesC or 46degreesC. The samples were then pulverized and plated to quantify residual bacteria. No statistical difference (p>0.05) in bacterial growth was seen between the two saline groups, or between the two medication groups at a given temperature. CHX and Ca(OH)2 at either temperature produced significantly less growth than either saline group and CHX or Ca(OH)(2) at 46degreesC produced significantly less growth than either group at 37degreesC. Heat enhanced the antibacterial action of both experimental irrigants against E. faecalis, but heating saline produced no increase in bactericidal effect. C1 USA, Endodont Residency Program, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. USA, Dent Corps, Ft Gordon, GA USA. Dwight D Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Ft Gordon, GA USA. RP Liewehr, F (reprint author), USA, Endodont Residency Program, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. EM doctorendo@comcast.net NR 34 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0099-2399 J9 J ENDODONT JI J. Endod. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 30 IS 9 BP 653 EP 657 DI 10.1097/01.DON.0000121620.11272.22 PG 5 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 851GB UT WOS:000223672500007 PM 15329571 ER PT J AU Hardy, I Liewehr, FR Joyce, AP Agee, K Pashley, DH AF Hardy, I Liewehr, FR Joyce, AP Agee, K Pashley, DH TI Sealing ability of one-up bond and MTA with and without a secondary seal as furcation perforation repair materials SO JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS LA English DT Article ID MINERAL TRIOXIDE AGGREGATE; CORONAL MICROLEAKAGE; CALCIUM HYDROXIDE; ROOT PERFORATIONS; GLASS-IONOMER; TREATED TEETH; PULP CHAMBER; CYTOTOXICITY; FIBROBLASTS; AMALGAM AB This study investigated the ability of One-Up Bond alone and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), with and without a secondary seal of One-Up Bond or SuperEBA to seal saucer-shaped perforation defects in human molars. Cusps were removed, roots were amputated, and endodontic therapy completed on 40 extracted teeth. A cylindrical hole was made in each tooth from the furcation area to the chamber, into which a section of steel tubing was cemented. Intracoronal saucer-shaped defects were created over the perforation. The teeth were restored with MTA, One-Up Bond, or MTA with a secondary seal of One-Up Bond or SuperEBA. The integrity of the seal was evaluated by fluid filtration. MTA alone leaked significantly more than One-Up Bond or MTA with either secondary seal at 24 h. At 1 month, MTA, MTA plus One-Up Bond, and One-Up Bond alone were equivalent. C1 USA, Endodont Residency Program, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. Med Coll Georgia, Dept Oral Biol & Maxillofacial Pathol, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. RP Liewehr, FR (reprint author), USA, Endodont Residency Program, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. EM doctorendo@comcast.net NR 29 TC 15 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0099-2399 J9 J ENDODONT JI J. Endod. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 30 IS 9 BP 658 EP 661 DI 10.1097/01.DON.0000121619.33952.9A PG 4 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 851GB UT WOS:000223672500008 PM 15329572 ER PT J AU Eamon, CD Baylot, JT O'Daniel, JL AF Eamon, CD Baylot, JT O'Daniel, JL TI Modeling concrete masonry walls subjected to explosive loads SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING MECHANICS-ASCE LA English DT Article DE finite element method; walls; blast loads; explosions; concrete masonry; concrete structures; concrete blocks; nonlinear analysis AB Concrete masonry unit walls subjected to blast pressure were analyzed with the finite element method, with the goal of developing a computationally efficient and accurate model. Wall behavior can be grouped into three modes of failure, which correspond to three ranges of blast pressures. Computational results were compared to high-speed video images and debris velocities obtained from experimental data. A parametric analysis was conducted to determine the sensitivity of computed results to critical modeling values. It was found that the model has the ability to replicate experimental results with good agreement. However, it was also found that, without knowledge of actual material properties of the specific wall to be modeled, computational results are not reliable predictors of wall behavior. C1 USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Mississippi State Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Starkville, MS 39762 USA. RP Eamon, CD (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Starkville, MS 39762 USA. EM eamon@engr.msstate.edu; james.t.baylot@erdc.usace.army.mil; james.1.o'Daniel@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 17 TC 15 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9399 J9 J ENG MECH-ASCE JI J. Eng. Mech.-ASCE PD SEP PY 2004 VL 130 IS 9 BP 1098 EP 1106 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(2004)130:9(1098) PG 9 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 846ZY UT WOS:000223359600011 ER PT J AU Neary, VS Habib, E Fleming, M AF Neary, VS Habib, E Fleming, M TI Hydrologic modeling with NEXRAD precipitation in middle Tennessee SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE hydrologic models; flood hydrology; hydrologic data; precipitation; streamflow forecasting; Tennessee ID RADAR REFLECTIVITY; DATA QUALITY; RAINFALL; UNCERTAINTY; SENSITIVITY; SIMULATION; ALGORITHM; NETWORKS; TIME; BIAS AB The use of radar-based precipitation is investigated for possible improvement of spatially lumped continuous hydrologic modeling in two subbasins of the Cumberland River basin in Middle Tennessee. Hydrologic predictions of streamflow at the outlets of the subbasins are obtained using HEC-HMS and two precipitation inputs, Stage III radar-derived and gauge-only data. Model performance with each precipitation input is assessed by comparing predicted and measured streamflow at each subbasin outlet and calculating streamflow volume bias, root mean square difference, mean normalized peak error, and mean peak timing error. The results indicate that the Stage III precipitation suffers from systematic underestimation at both the point and subbasin scales and cannot be completely offset by model recalibration. Simulations driven by both the Stage III and gauge-only data periodically failed to reproduce observed flood peaks in both subbasins. But Stage III simulations are generally less accurate in prediction of streamflow volume as compared to gauge-only simulations and, although comparable to the gauge-only simulations in predicting the magnitude and time to peak, offer no apparent improvement in predicting these quantities either. C1 Tennessee Technol Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Cookeville, TN 38505 USA. Univ Louisiana, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Lafayette, LA USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Hydrol Engn Ctr, Davis, CA USA. RP Neary, VS (reprint author), Tennessee Technol Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Cookeville, TN 38505 USA. EM vsneary@tntech.edu; habib@louisiana.edu NR 42 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 2 U2 9 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 1084-0699 J9 J HYDROL ENG JI J. Hydrol. Eng. PD SEP-OCT PY 2004 VL 9 IS 5 BP 339 EP 349 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)1084-0699(2004)9:5(339) PG 11 WC Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 847BO UT WOS:000223363900001 ER PT J AU Kyttaris, VC Juang, YT Tenbrock, K Weinstein, A Tsokos, GC AF Kyttaris, VC Juang, YT Tenbrock, K Weinstein, A Tsokos, GC TI Cyclic adenosine 5'-monophosphate response element modulator is responsible for the decreased expression of c-fos and activator protein-1 binding in T cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BLOOD MONONUCLEAR-CELLS; DISEASE-ACTIVITY; RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; LYMPHOCYTES; IL-2; INTERLEUKIN-2; DEATH; AP-1; MECHANISMS; PROMOTER AB T cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus express increased levels of the cAMP response element modulator (CREM) that has been shown to bind to the IL-2 promoter and suppress its activity. In this study, we demonstrate that CREM binds to the proximal promoter of the c-fos proto-oncogene in live systemic lupus erythematosus T cells and represses its expression following stimulation in vitro. Decreased levels of c-fos protein result in decreased AP-1 activity, as determined in shift assays. Blockade of the translation of CREM mRNA with an antisense CREM vector increases the expression of c-fos and the AP-1 activity. The levels of c-fos mRNA vary with disease activity. We conclude that CREM represses the expression of c-fos and limits the activity of the enhancer AP-1. Thus, CREM is involved indirectly in the modulation of transcriptional regulation of multiple genes including IL-2. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Washington Hosp Ctr, Rheumatol Sect, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20010 USA. Univ Munster, Dept Pediat, D-4400 Munster, Germany. RP Tsokos, GC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Bldg 503,Room 1A32,503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 35 TC 45 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD SEP 1 PY 2004 VL 173 IS 5 BP 3557 EP 3563 PG 7 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 849HR UT WOS:000223529800083 PM 15322221 ER PT J AU Turell, MJ Mores, CN Lee, JS Paragas, JJ Shermuhemedova, D Endy, TP Khodjaev, S AF Turell, MJ Mores, CN Lee, JS Paragas, JJ Shermuhemedova, D Endy, TP Khodjaev, S TI Experimental transmission of Karshi and Langat (tick-borne encephalitis virus complex) viruses by Ornithodoros ticks (Acari : Argasidae) SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE vector competency; tick-borne encephalitis virus; Ornithodoros; mosquitoes; Karshi virus ID SONRAI ACARI; SOFT TICK; FLAVIVIRUS; MOSQUITOS AB Selected species of mosquitoes and Ornithodoros ticks were evaluated for their potential to transmit Karshi and Langat (tick-borne encephalitis virus complex) viruses in the laboratory. Although there was no evidence of replication of Karshi virus in either of the two mosquito species tested [Ochlerotatus taeniorhynchus (Wiedemann) or Culex pipien, (L.)], Karshi virus replicated in and was transmitted by all three species of Ornithodoros ticks tested (Ornithodoros parkeri Cooley, Ornithodoros sonrai Sautet & Witkowski, and Ornithodoros tartakovskyi Olenev). When inoculated with Karshi virus, 90% of Ornithodoros ticks (44/49) transmitted this virus by bite to suckling mice, and transmission continued to occur for at least 1 yr, the longest extrinsic incubation tested. After feeding on a suckling mouse with a viremia of approximate to10(5) suckling mouse subcutaneous lethal dose(50) units of Karshi virus per milliliter of blood, all three species of Ornithodoros tested became infected with and transmitted Karshi virus both trans-stadially and horizontally by bite to suckling mice. In addition, female O. tartakovskyi transmitted Karshi virus vertically to their progeny. In a continuation of a previous study, O. sonrai, orally exposed to Langat virus, were able to transmit this virus after >3 yr, the longest interval tested. Therefore, Ornithodoros spp. should be considered as potential vectors and as possible long-term maintenance hosts for Karshi virus and other members of the tick-borne encephalitis virus complex. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Turell, MJ (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. NR 20 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 41 IS 5 BP 973 EP 977 PG 5 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 860FP UT WOS:000224328200025 PM 15535630 ER PT J AU Hammond, MD Ward, TP Katz, B Subramanian, PS AF Hammond, MD Ward, TP Katz, B Subramanian, PS TI Elevated intracranial pressure associated with idiopathic retinal vasculitis, aneurysms, and neuroretinitis syndrome SO JOURNAL OF NEURO-OPHTHALMOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ARTERIAL ANEURYSMS; MR VENOGRAPHY; IRVAN; DILATATIONS; HYPERTENSION; REGRESSION AB The idiopathic retinal vasculitis, aneurysms, and neuroretinitis (IRVAN) syndrorne typically occurs in young patients and may produce multiple retinal macroaneurysms, neuroretinitis, and peripheral capillary nonperfusion. Optic disc edema has been described, but elevated intracranial pressure has not been previously documented. We report a case of a 12-year-old girl who presented with bilateral disc swelling and peripapillary hemorrhage. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was normal, but lumbar puncture yielded an opening pressure of 360 mm H2O with normal constituents. Fluorescein angiography delineated saccular aneurysms of the retinal arteriolar vasculature, and IRVAN syndrome Was diagnosed. MR venography disclosed poor filling of both transverse venous sinuses. Acetazolamide treatment of 14 months did not alter the fundus findings. IRVAN syndrome may present initially with optic nerve swelling and elevated intracranial pressure with subsequent development of the characteristic retinal vascular abnormalities. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Ophthalmol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. George Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Ophthalmol, Washington, DC USA. RP Subramanian, PS (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Ophthalmol Serv, 5900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM prem.Subramanian@na.amedd.army.mil OI Subramanian, Prem/0000-0001-5824-8322 NR 15 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1070-8022 J9 J NEURO-OPHTHALMOL JI J. Neuro-Ophthal. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 24 IS 3 BP 221 EP 224 DI 10.1097/00041327-200409000-00008 PG 4 WC Clinical Neurology; Ophthalmology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Ophthalmology GA 851TL UT WOS:000223708300008 PM 15348989 ER PT J AU Williams, AJ Lu, XCM Hartings, JA Rolli, M Bautista, C Dave, JR Tortella, FC AF Williams, AJ Lu, XCM Hartings, JA Rolli, M Bautista, C Dave, JR Tortella, FC TI Penetrating brain injury in the rat: I. Modeling a survivable, high velocity gunshot wound to the head without using a fired projectile SO JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 22nd Annual National-Neurotrauma-Society Symposium CY OCT 20-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Natl Neurotrauma Soc DE brain injury; penetrating; missile; bullet wound; model C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0897-7151 J9 J NEUROTRAUM JI J. Neurotrauma PD SEP PY 2004 VL 21 IS 9 MA P59 BP 1278 EP 1278 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC General & Internal Medicine; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 855HC UT WOS:000223962900066 ER PT J AU Dave, JR Yao, C Williams, AJ Lu, XCM Chen, RW Whipple, R Connors, R Wang, KW Hayes, RL Tortella, FC AF Dave, JR Yao, C Williams, AJ Lu, XCM Chen, RW Whipple, R Connors, R Wang, KW Hayes, RL Tortella, FC TI Penetrating brain injury in the rat: VII. Proteomics based identification of protein expression SO JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 22nd Annual National-Neurotrauma-Society Symposium CY OCT 20-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Natl Neurotrauma Soc DE proteomics; brain injury; biomarkers; penetrating; bullet C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. Univ Florida, McKnight Brain Inst, Gainesville, FL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0897-7151 J9 J NEUROTRAUM JI J. Neurotrauma PD SEP PY 2004 VL 21 IS 9 MA P63 BP 1279 EP 1279 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC General & Internal Medicine; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 855HC UT WOS:000223962900070 ER PT J AU Lu, XCM Williams, AJ Bautista, C Tortella, FC AF Lu, XCM Williams, AJ Bautista, C Tortella, FC TI Penetrating brain injury in the rat: II. Neurological and behavioral analysis SO JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 22nd Annual National-Neurotrauma-Society Symposium CY OCT 20-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Natl Neurotrauma Soc DE brain injury; behavior; penetrating; missile; bullet wound C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0897-7151 J9 J NEUROTRAUM JI J. Neurotrauma PD SEP PY 2004 VL 21 IS 9 MA P60 BP 1279 EP 1279 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC General & Internal Medicine; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 855HC UT WOS:000223962900067 ER PT J AU Williams, AJ Yao, C Rolli, M Lu, XCM Tortella, FC AF Williams, AJ Yao, C Rolli, M Lu, XCM Tortella, FC TI Penetrating brain injury in the rat: III. Intracranial pressure, brain swelling and physiologic parameters SO JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 22nd Annual National-Neurotrauma-Society Symposium CY OCT 20-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Natl Neurotrauma Soc DE brain injury; ICP; CPP; penetrating; bullet wound C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0897-7151 J9 J NEUROTRAUM JI J. Neurotrauma PD SEP PY 2004 VL 21 IS 9 MA P61 BP 1279 EP 1279 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC General & Internal Medicine; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 855HC UT WOS:000223962900069 ER PT J AU Williams, AJ Chen, RW Lu, XCM Dave, JR Tortella, FC AF Williams, AJ Chen, RW Lu, XCM Dave, JR Tortella, FC TI Penetrating brain injury in the rat: VI. Neuroprotection treatment with recombinant factor VIIA (rFVIIA) SO JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 22nd Annual National-Neurotrauma-Society Symposium CY OCT 20-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Natl Neurotrauma Soc DE rFVII; brain injury; penetrating; neuroprotection; hemorrhage C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0897-7151 J9 J NEUROTRAUM JI J. Neurotrauma PD SEP PY 2004 VL 21 IS 9 MA P62 BP 1279 EP 1279 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC General & Internal Medicine; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 855HC UT WOS:000223962900068 ER PT J AU Lu, XCM Yang, XY Chen, RW Almassian, B Jiang, ZG Ghanbari, H Dave, J Tortella, FC AF Lu, XCM Yang, XY Chen, RW Almassian, B Jiang, ZG Ghanbari, H Dave, J Tortella, FC TI A novel neuroprotectant, PAN-811, decreases infarct volume following transient focal cerebral ischemia in rats SO JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 22nd Annual National-Neurotrauma-Society Symposium CY OCT 20-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Natl Neurotrauma Soc DE MCAO; oxidative stress; calcium; dose response C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. Panacea Pharmaceut Inc, Gaithersburg, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0897-7151 J9 J NEUROTRAUM JI J. Neurotrauma PD SEP PY 2004 VL 21 IS 9 MA P66 BP 1280 EP 1280 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC General & Internal Medicine; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 855HC UT WOS:000223962900072 ER PT J AU Rolli, ML Lee, EY Bauman, R Williams, AJ Blanchard, J Ling, GSF Tortella, FC AF Rolli, ML Lee, EY Bauman, R Williams, AJ Blanchard, J Ling, GSF Tortella, FC TI Hypercarbia provides neuroprotection in fluid percussion injured rats SO JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 22nd Annual National-Neurotrauma-Society Symposium CY OCT 20-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Natl Neurotrauma Soc DE physiologic limits; hypoxia; hemorrhage; fluid percussion; lesion volume C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. Univ Hlth Sci, Uniformed Serv, Bethesda, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0897-7151 J9 J NEUROTRAUM JI J. Neurotrauma PD SEP PY 2004 VL 21 IS 9 MA P70 BP 1281 EP 1281 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC General & Internal Medicine; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 855HC UT WOS:000223962900076 ER PT J AU Rolli, ML Lee, EY Bauman, R Williams, AJ Blanchard, J Ling, GSF Tortella, FC AF Rolli, ML Lee, EY Bauman, R Williams, AJ Blanchard, J Ling, GSF Tortella, FC TI Physiologic limits of tolerable hypoxia and hemorrhage in the setting of traumatic brain injury SO JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 22nd Annual National-Neurotrauma-Society Symposium CY OCT 20-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Natl Neurotrauma Soc DE hypercarbia; hypercapnia; cerebral blood flow; fluid percussion injury; lesion volume C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. Univ Hlth Sci, Uniformed Serv, Bethesda, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0897-7151 J9 J NEUROTRAUM JI J. Neurotrauma PD SEP PY 2004 VL 21 IS 9 MA P71 BP 1281 EP 1281 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC General & Internal Medicine; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 855HC UT WOS:000223962900078 ER PT J AU Hartings, JA Williams, AJ Whipple, RA Dave, JR Tortella, FC AF Hartings, JA Williams, AJ Whipple, RA Dave, JR Tortella, FC TI Peri-infarct depolarizations regulate immediate early gene expression 8-24 hr following focal brain ischemia SO JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 22nd Annual National-Neurotrauma-Society Symposium CY OCT 20-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Natl Neurotrauma Soc DE immediate early genes; peri-infarct depolarizations; middle cerebral artery occlusion; immunohistochemistry; focal brain ischemia C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0897-7151 J9 J NEUROTRAUM JI J. Neurotrauma PD SEP PY 2004 VL 21 IS 9 MA P74 BP 1282 EP 1282 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC General & Internal Medicine; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 855HC UT WOS:000223962900080 ER PT J AU Hartings, JA Williams, AJ Bauman, RA Long, JB Tortella, FC AF Hartings, JA Williams, AJ Bauman, RA Long, JB Tortella, FC TI Penetrating brain injury in the rat: IV. Persistence of cortical spreading depression SO JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 22nd Annual National-Neurotrauma-Society Symposium CY OCT 20-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Natl Neurotrauma Soc C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0897-7151 J9 J NEUROTRAUM JI J. Neurotrauma PD SEP PY 2004 VL 21 IS 9 MA P72 BP 1282 EP 1282 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC General & Internal Medicine; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 855HC UT WOS:000223962900079 ER PT J AU Hartings, JA Williams, AJ Lu, XCM Tortella, FC AF Hartings, JA Williams, AJ Lu, XCM Tortella, FC TI Penetrating brain injury in the rat: V. Characterization of electroencephalographic abnormalities SO JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 22nd Annual National-Neurotrauma-Society Symposium CY OCT 20-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Natl Neurotrauma Soc C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0897-7151 J9 J NEUROTRAUM JI J. Neurotrauma PD SEP PY 2004 VL 21 IS 9 MA P75 BP 1282 EP 1282 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC General & Internal Medicine; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 855HC UT WOS:000223962900082 ER PT J AU Dave, JR Chen, RW Yao, C Lu, XCM Jiang, Z Whipple, RA Ghambari, HA Almassain, B Tortella, FC AF Dave, JR Chen, RW Yao, C Lu, XCM Jiang, Z Whipple, RA Ghambari, HA Almassain, B Tortella, FC TI PAN-811, a novel neuroprotectant, provides neuroprotection in primary neuronal cultures by up-regulating bcl-2 expression SO JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 22nd Annual National-Neurotrauma-Society Symposium CY OCT 20-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Natl Neurotrauma Soc DE PAN-811; Neuroprotectant; neuronal cell culture; bcl-2; neurotoxicity C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. Panacea Pharmaceut, Gaithersburg, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0897-7151 J9 J NEUROTRAUM JI J. Neurotrauma PD SEP PY 2004 VL 21 IS 9 MA P78 BP 1283 EP 1283 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC General & Internal Medicine; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 855HC UT WOS:000223962900084 ER PT J AU Bauman, RA Long, JB Ketchum, LH Macdonald, VW AF Bauman, RA Long, JB Ketchum, LH Macdonald, VW TI Human recombinant factor VIIA is neuroprotective in a model of traumatic brain injury and secondary hypoxemia: Preliminary data SO JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 22nd Annual National-Neurotrauma-Society Symposium CY OCT 20-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Natl Neurotrauma Soc C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Mil Casualty Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0897-7151 J9 J NEUROTRAUM JI J. Neurotrauma PD SEP PY 2004 VL 21 IS 9 MA P159 BP 1303 EP 1303 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC General & Internal Medicine; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 855HC UT WOS:000223962900165 ER PT J AU Bauman, RA Elmer, E Keep, M AF Bauman, RA Elmer, E Keep, M TI Cyclosporin is neuroprotective in a model of traumatic brain injury and secondary hypoxemia. SO JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 22nd Annual National-Neurotrauma-Society Symposium CY OCT 20-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Natl Neurotrauma Soc DE cyclosporin; fluid percussion; hypoxemia; working memory; reference memory C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, Silver Spring, MD USA. Wallenbergen Neurosci Ctr, Lab Exp Brain Res, Lund, Sweden. Maas BiolAB LLC, Albuquerque, NM USA. RI Elmer, Eskil/F-9341-2014 OI Elmer, Eskil/0000-0001-7901-1826 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0897-7151 J9 J NEUROTRAUM JI J. Neurotrauma PD SEP PY 2004 VL 21 IS 9 MA P234 BP 1322 EP 1322 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC General & Internal Medicine; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 855HC UT WOS:000223962900240 ER PT J AU Lin, DL Kirk, KL Murphy, KP McHale, KA Doukas, WC AF Lin, DL Kirk, KL Murphy, KP McHale, KA Doukas, WC TI Evaluation of orthopaedic injuries in operation enduring freedom SO JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC TRAUMA LA English DT Article DE combat; military; trauma; orthopaedics; musculoskeletal injuries ID OPEN FRACTURES; DESERT-SHIELD; AMPUTATIONS; STORM AB Orthopaedic injuries constitute a majority of the combat casualties in recent U.S. military conflicts. Orthopaedic injuries sustained in Operation Enduring Freedom from December 2001 to January 2003 that were treated in forward-deployed military medical facilities and evacuated to a U.S. army medical center were reviewed. The spectrum of injuries included open fractures, amputations, neurovascular, and soft-tissue injuries. Forty-four patients (85%) received treatment beyond local wound care prior to arrival at a military medical center. Debridement and irrigation was the most commonly performed procedure due to the contaminated nature of these combat injuries. There were no infections among patients with open fractures, and no patients with external fixators had pin tract infections. None of the open fracture patients underwent primary internal fixation or primary wound closure. The average time from injury to wound coverage of the open fracture wounds was 12 days. Two amputations were infected and were treated with revision and delayed wound closure. There were no primary amputations done at our institution due to infection or ischemia. All arterial injuries underwent urgent revascularization in a field hospital. None of the arterial repairs required revision after evacuation to a medical center. Operation Enduring Freedom has been an excellent example of how early and aggressive intervention in a forward-deployed area has a significant effect on rehabilitative and reconstructive efforts at a rear echelon tertiary care center. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, Orthopaed Surg Serv, Silver Spring, MD 20902 USA. RP Lin, DL (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, Orthopaed Surg Serv, 10800 Drawbridge Ct, Silver Spring, MD 20902 USA. EM david.lin@na.amedd.army.mil NR 13 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0890-5339 J9 J ORTHOP TRAUMA JI J. Orthop. Trauma PD SEP PY 2004 VL 18 IS 8 SU S BP S48 EP S53 DI 10.1097/00005131-200409001-00008 PG 6 WC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences SC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences GA 855FN UT WOS:000223958700010 PM 15472566 ER PT J AU Ishida, H Zhang, XP Erickson, K Ray, P AF Ishida, H Zhang, XP Erickson, K Ray, P TI Botulinum toxin type A targets RhoB to inhibit lysophosphatidic acid-stimulated actin reorganization and acetylcholine release in nerve growth factor-treated PC12 cells SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article ID NEUROTRANSMITTER RELEASE; EXOCYTOSIS; PROTEINS; FARNESYLTRANSFERASE; INVOLVEMENT; PROTEASOME; RECEPTOR; SNAP-25; GTPASES; CANCER AB Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT/A) produced by Clostridium botulinum inhibits Ca2+-dependent acetylcholine (ACh) release (neuroexocytosis) at peripheral neuromuscular junctions, sometimes causing neuromuscular paralysis. This inhibitory effect is attributed to its metalloprotease activity to cleave the 25-kDa synaptosomal-associated protein, which is essential for the exocytotic machinery. However, deletion of this protein does not result in a complete block of neuroexocytosis, suggesting that botulinum-mediated inhibition may occur via another mechanism. Rho GTPases, a class of small GTP-binding proteins ( G proteins), control actin cytoskeletal organization, thereby regulating a variety of cellular functions in various cells, including neuronal cells. We have shown that the G protein activator lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) triggered actin reorganization followed by Ca2+-dependent ACh release in nerve growth factor-treated PC12 cells and that BoNT/A blocked both events through degradation of RhoB by the proteasome. Overexpression of wild-type RhoB caused actin reorganization and enhanced the release of ACh by LPA to overcome toxin's inhibitory effect on actin reorganization/exocytosis stimulated by LPA, whereas overexpression of a dominant negative RhoB inhibited ACh release, regardless of LPA and/or toxin treatment. Finally, a knockdown of the RhoB gene via sequence-specific, post-transcriptional gene silencing reduced RhoB expression in PC12 cells, resulting in total inhibition of both actin reorganization and ACh release induced by LPA. We conclude that the RhoB signaling pathway regulates ACh release via actin cytoskeletal reorganization and that botulinum toxin inhibits neuroexocytosis by targeting RhoB pathway. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Biol, Div Expt Therapeut, Mol Biol Sect, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Ray, P (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Biol, Div Expt Therapeut, Mol Biol Sect, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM prabhati.ray@na.amedd.army.mil NR 31 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC PHARMACOLOGY EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3995 USA SN 0022-3565 J9 J PHARMACOL EXP THER JI J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 310 IS 3 BP 881 EP 889 DI 10.1124/jpet.104.065318 PG 9 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 848BU UT WOS:000223442900005 PM 15140914 ER PT J AU Eakle, WL Millier, C Mineau, P Vilagosi, J AF Eakle, WL Millier, C Mineau, P Vilagosi, J TI An example of cooperative hunting by saker falcons in Hungary SO JOURNAL OF RAPTOR RESEARCH LA English DT Letter C1 USA, Corps Engineers, S Pacific Div, San Francisco, CA 94105 USA. Falcon Environm Serv, Ste Anne De Bellevue, PQ H9X 3L4, Canada. Canadian Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ottawa, ON K1A 0H3, Canada. Aquila Nat Tours, H-4026 Debrecen, Hungary. RP Eakle, WL (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, S Pacific Div, 333 Market St, San Francisco, CA 94105 USA. EM Wade.L.Eakle@spd02.usace.army.mil NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU RAPTOR RESEARCH FOUNDATION INC PI HASTINGS PA 14377 117TH STREET SOUTH, HASTINGS, MN 55033 USA SN 0892-1016 J9 J RAPTOR RES JI J. Raptor Res. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 38 IS 3 BP 292 EP 293 PG 2 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA 860AW UT WOS:000224310500018 ER PT J AU Balkin, TJ Bliese, PD Belenky, G Sing, H Thorne, DR Thomas, M Redmond, DP Russo, M Wesensten, NJ AF Balkin, TJ Bliese, PD Belenky, G Sing, H Thorne, DR Thomas, M Redmond, DP Russo, M Wesensten, NJ TI Comparative utility of instruments for monitoring sleepiness-related performance decrements in the operational environment SO JOURNAL OF SLEEP RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE effect size; fieldability; performance measures; sleep loss ID COST; ACCIDENTS AB As both military and commercial operations increasingly become continuous, 24-h-per-day enterprises, the likelihood of operator errors or inefficiencies caused by sleep loss and/or circadian desynchrony also increases. Avoidance of such incidents requires the timely application of appropriate interventions - which, in turn, depend on the ability to measure and monitor the performance capacity of individuals in the operational environment. Several factors determine the potential suitability of candidate measures, including their relative sensitivity, reliability, content validity, intrusiveness and cumbersomeness/fieldability. In the present study, the relative sensitivity (defined as the ratio of effect size to 95% confidence interval) of several measures to the effects of sleep loss was compared in a sleep restriction experiment, in which groups were allowed 3, 5, 7, or 9 h time in bed (TIB) across seven consecutive nights. Of the measures compared, the Psychomotor Vigilance Test was among the most sensitive to sleep restriction, was among the most reliable with no evidence of learning over repeated administrations, and possesses characteristics that make it among the most practical for use in the operational environment. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Behav Biol, Div Neurosci, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Balkin, TJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Behav Biol, Div Neurosci, 503 Robert Grant Ave,Room 2A26, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM thomas.balkin@na.amedd.army.mil FU NCRR NIH HHS [M01RR02719] NR 28 TC 106 Z9 107 U1 1 U2 10 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0962-1105 J9 J SLEEP RES JI J. Sleep Res. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 13 IS 3 BP 219 EP 227 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2869.2004.00407.x PG 9 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 850VM UT WOS:000223642500003 PM 15339257 ER PT J AU Stewart, MG Estes, AC Frangopol, DM AF Stewart, MG Estes, AC Frangopol, DM TI Bridge deck replacement for minimum expected cost under multiple reliability constraints SO JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article DE corrosion; limit states; life cycle cost; reliability; concrete; bridge decks; rehabilitation; replacement ID CONCRETE STRUCTURES; MAINTAINING RELIABILITY; REINFORCEMENT CORROSION; INSPECTION REPAIR; HIGHWAY BRIDGES; CRACKING AB The present paper investigates the effect of limit state selection (strength versus serviceability) on bridge deck life-cycle costs and thus on optimal repair strategies. Such a comparison may then help determine whether safety or functionality (or both) are important criteria when optimizing bridge life-cycle performance and costs. The structural element under consideration is a reinforced concrete bridge deck; namely, a State Highway Bridge in Colorado. Two limit states are considered: ultimate strength and serviceability. The exceedence of either of the limit states considered herein will result in deck replacement; namely, if the reliability index falls below a target reliability index or if widespread cracking and spalling occurs. The life-cycle cost analysis includes expected replacement costs as well as the random variability of material properties, loads, section dimensions, model errors, chloride penetration, and corrosion rates. Life-cycle costs can then be compared for strength and serviceability limit state violations. Life-cycle costs for deck replacement based on a serviceability limit state were generally larger than those obtained for the strength limit states. Hence, an unrealistically optimistic life-cycle cost will result when serviceability is not included in the analysis. C1 Univ Newcastle, Ctr Infrastruct Performance & Reliabil, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia. US Mil Acad, Dept Civil & Mech Engn, W Point, NY 10996 USA. Univ Colorado, Dept Civil Environm & Mech Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Univ Colorado, Dept Civil Environm & Architectural Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Stewart, MG (reprint author), Univ Newcastle, Ctr Infrastruct Performance & Reliabil, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia. EM mark.stewart@newcastle.edu.au RI Stewart, Mark/G-7415-2013 NR 34 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 10 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9445 J9 J STRUCT ENG-ASCE JI J. Struct. Eng.-ASCE PD SEP PY 2004 VL 130 IS 9 BP 1414 EP 1419 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2004)130:9(1414) PG 6 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA 846AQ UT WOS:000223287400014 ER PT J AU Montgomery, JR White, TW Martin, BL Turner, ML Holland, SM AF Montgomery, JR White, TW Martin, BL Turner, ML Holland, SM TI A novel connexin 26 gene mutation associated with features of the keratitis-ichthyosis-deafness syndrome and the follicular occlusion triad SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HEARING-LOSS; SKIN; DIFFERENTIATION; FAMILIES; DATABASE AB We report the case of a congenitally deaf white mate with mild palmoplantar keratoderma, ichthyosiform scaling, follicular hyperkeratosis, and mild keratitis, features consistent with keratitis-ichthyosis-deafness syndrome. His major problem was severe, disfiguring, inflammatory dissecting folliculitis of the scalp, hidradenitis suppurativa, and cystic acne, features comprising the follicular occlusion triad. This unusual phenotype is associated with a novel heterozygous point mutation (C119T) in the gap junction beta2 gene that substitutes a valine for alanine at codon 40 (A40V) in the connexin 26 protein. Through Xenopus oocyte expression studies, this mutant protein was shown to significantly disrupt the function of the specialized gap junctions connecting the cytoplasm of adjacent cells critical for tissue homeostasis. Mutations within the connexin 26 protein are associated with syndromes involving both sensorineural deafness and hyperkeratotic skin disorders. This is the first report of an association between a connexin 26 protein mutation, follicular hyperkeratosis of keratitis-ichthyosis-deafness syndrome, and severe follicular occlusion triad. C1 USN, Natl Naval Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC USA. NIAID, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NCI, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Montgomery, JR (reprint author), USN, Natl Naval Med Ctr, 8901 Wisconsin Ave, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. EM jrmontgomery@bethesda.med.navy.mil OI White, Thomas/0000-0002-3285-7434 NR 21 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 51 IS 3 BP 377 EP 382 DI 10.1016/j.jaad.2003.12.042 PG 6 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 851RX UT WOS:000223704100009 PM 15337980 ER PT J AU Morgan, ED Pasquarella, M Holman, JR AF Morgan, ED Pasquarella, M Holman, JR TI Continuity of care and patient satisfaction in a family practice clinic SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN BOARD OF FAMILY PRACTICE LA English DT Article ID PHYSICIAN; EMERGENCY; ASSOCIATION; IMPACT AB Background: Continuity is a tenant central to family practice. Continuity is associated with improved satisfaction in populations that can easily change providers. However, little is known about the importance of continuity where patients are assigned providers. Methods: A pretested survey was distributed to patients of a family practice residency clinic in a military medical center for a week's period. Results were analyzed using chi(2), unpaired t test, correlation matrices, and linear regression for patient satisfaction. Results: The response rate was 68.3%. Responders were not more likely to be seeing their primary care provider (PCP). Regression analysis revealed that 12% of patient satisfaction was associated with long-term continuity rates, 23% by PCP satisfaction, and 17% by how easy it was to make the appointment. For high clinic users (> 10 visits/year), 78% of patient satisfaction is determined by PCP satisfaction and long-term continuity rates. A subset of patients (13%) values choice of appointment time or other providers over PCP continuity. Satisfaction is not diminished in this group despite low long-term continuity ( P <.05 for all results). Conclusions: Patient satisfaction is associated with continuity, especially for high clinic users. Although continuity is important, a subset of patients values the ability to see other providers and to change providers. C1 Naval Hosp, Dept Family Med, Camp Pendleton, CA 92055 USA. Dwight D Eisenhower Med Ctr, Dept Family Med, Ft Gordon, GA USA. RP Holman, JR (reprint author), Naval Hosp, Dept Family Med, Camp Pendleton, CA 92055 USA. EM jrholman@cpen.med.navy.mil NR 21 TC 12 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER BOARD FAMILY PRACTICE PI LEXINGTON PA 2228 YOUNG DR, LEXINGTON, KY 40505 USA SN 0893-8652 J9 J AM BOARD FAM PRACT JI J. Am. Board Fam. Pract. PD SEP-OCT PY 2004 VL 17 IS 5 BP 341 EP 346 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 852MV UT WOS:000223760300005 PM 15355947 ER PT J AU Kumar, R Chen, MH Parmar, VS Samuelson, LA Kumar, J Nicolosi, R Yoganathan, S Watterson, AC AF Kumar, R Chen, MH Parmar, VS Samuelson, LA Kumar, J Nicolosi, R Yoganathan, S Watterson, AC TI Supramolecular assemblies based on copolymers of PEG600 and functionalized aromatic diesters for drug delivery applications SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID RING-OPENING POLYMERIZATION; POLYESTERS; INFLAMMATION; VESICLES; MICELLES; NAPROXEN; SYSTEMS; ASPIRIN; LIPASE AB A chemoenzymatic approach has been developed to synthesize poly(ethylene glycol)-based amphiphilic copolymers under mild reaction conditions that self-assemble in aqueous media to form polymeric nanomicelles in the range of 20-50 nm. The supramolecular organization of polymeric nanomicelles was studied by H-1 NMR longitudinal relaxation time (T-1) and light scattering techniques (static and dynamic). Interestingly, the enzyme novozyme-435 plays an important role in controlling the polymerization and distribution of polymer chains, which is critical for the formation of nanomicelles with unimodal distributions. The methodology developed is highly flexible as it allows the introduction of various functionalities in the polymeric nanomicelles. These self-organized nanomicelles are highly efficient drug delivery vehicles for hydrophobic and partially hydrophilic drugs, both transdermally and orally, as they have the ability to encapsulate guest molecules during self-organization. In vivo studies by encapsulating anti-inflammatory agents (aspirin and naproxen) in these polymeric nanomicelles and by applying topically resulted in significant reduction in inflammation. The % reduction in inflammation using polymeric nanomicelles containing aspirin and naproxen was 62 and 64%, respectively. C1 Univ Massachusetts, Inst Nanosci & Engn Technol, Dept Chem, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Ctr Adv Mat, Dept Chem, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. Univ Delhi, Dept Chem, Bioorgan Lab, Delhi 110007, India. USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Dept Hlth & Clin Sci, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. RP Parmar, VS (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Inst Nanosci & Engn Technol, Dept Chem, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. EM Virinder_Parmar@uml.edu; Jayant_Kumar@uml.edu; Arthur_Watterson@uml.edu NR 37 TC 87 Z9 87 U1 2 U2 22 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 1 PY 2004 VL 126 IS 34 BP 10640 EP 10644 DI 10.1021/ja039651w PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 849RU UT WOS:000223559100043 PM 15327322 ER PT J AU Hick, EJ Morey, A Morris, M Harris, R AF Hick, EJ Morey, A Morris, M Harris, R TI Floseal gelatin matrix treatment of complex renal injuries in a porcine model SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF SURGEONS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 90th Annual Clinical Congress of the American-College-of-Surgeons CY OCT 10-14, 2004 CL New Orleans, LA SP Amer Coll Surg C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1072-7515 J9 J AM COLL SURGEONS JI J. Am. Coll. Surg. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 199 IS 3 SU S BP S98 EP S98 PG 1 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 852NA UT WOS:000223760800216 ER PT J AU Hueman, MT Gurney, J Woll, M Storrer, C McLeod, D Shriver, C Ponniah, S Peoples, G AF Hueman, MT Gurney, J Woll, M Storrer, C McLeod, D Shriver, C Ponniah, S Peoples, G TI A move sensitive immunological monitoring tool for cancer vaccine trials: A direct comparison of HLA-A2 dimer and tetramer molecules in measuring the in vivo immune response to a HER2/neu peptide-based vaccine (E75) in prostate and breast cancer patients SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF SURGEONS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 90th Annual Clinical Congress of the American-College-of-Surgeons CY OCT 10-14, 2004 CL New Orleans, LA SP Amer Coll Surg C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Clin Breast Care Project, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1072-7515 J9 J AM COLL SURGEONS JI J. Am. Coll. Surg. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 199 IS 3 SU S BP S92 EP S92 PG 1 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 852NA UT WOS:000223760800202 ER PT J AU McDonald, RMS AF McDonald, RMS TI Jefferson's call for nationhood: The first inaugural address SO JOURNAL OF THE EARLY REPUBLIC LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP McDonald, RMS (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC HISTORIANS EARLY AMERICAN REPUBLIC PI W LAFAYETTE PA PURDUE UNIV, 1358 UNIV HALL, W LAFAYETTE, IN 47907-1358 USA SN 0275-1275 J9 J EARLY REPUBL JI J. Early Repub. PD FAL PY 2004 VL 24 IS 3 BP 503 EP 505 PG 3 WC History SC History GA 861KK UT WOS:000224415200012 ER PT J AU Yu, M Vorontsov, MA AF Yu, M Vorontsov, MA TI Compensation of distant phase-distorting layers. I. Narrow-field-of-view adaptive receiver system SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA A-OPTICS IMAGE SCIENCE AND VISION LA English DT Article ID LASER-BEAM PROJECTION; CONTRAST TECHNIQUES; DEFORMABLE MIRRORS; GUIDE-STAR; OPTICS; SCINTILLATION; OPTIMIZATION; ABERRATIONS; ATMOSPHERE; TURBULENCE AB We analyze various scenarios of adaptive wave-front phase-aberration correction in optical-receiver-type systems when inhomogeneties of the wave propagation medium are either distributed along the propagation path or localized in a few thin layers remotely located from the receiver telescope pupil. Phase-aberration compensation is performed with closed-loop control architectures based on decoupled stochastic parallel gradient descent, stochastic parallel gradient descent, and phase conjugation control algorithms. Both receiver system aperture diffraction effects and the effect of wave-front corrector position on phase-aberration compensation efficiency are analyzed. (C) 2004 Optical Society of America. C1 Univ Maryland, Syst Res Inst, Intelligent Opt Lab, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. USA, Res Lab, Intelligent Opt Lab, Computat & Informat Sci Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Yu, M (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Syst Res Inst, Intelligent Opt Lab, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RI Yu, Miao/M-6252-2013 OI Yu, Miao/0000-0003-4180-5094 NR 44 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1084-7529 J9 J OPT SOC AM A JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. A-Opt. Image Sci. Vis. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 21 IS 9 BP 1645 EP 1658 DI 10.1364/JOSAA.21.001645 PG 14 WC Optics SC Optics GA 848PK UT WOS:000223479400006 PM 15384430 ER PT J AU Vorontsov, MA Yu, M AF Vorontsov, MA Yu, M TI Compensation of distant phase-distorting layers. II. Extended-field-of-view adaptive receiver system SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA A-OPTICS IMAGE SCIENCE AND VISION LA English DT Article ID LASER GUIDE STARS; OPTICS SYSTEM; ASTRONOMICAL TELESCOPES; ANISOPLANATISM; PERFORMANCE; OPTIMIZATION; ISOPLANATISM AB We analyze the anisoplanatic adaptive receiver system field of view (FOV) and the possibility of controlling the system FOV by using an adaptive optics system with multiple wave-front sensors that sense wave-front phase aberrations of reference waves with different arrival angles. The conventional decoupled stochastic parallel gradient descent (D-SPGD) technique is generalized to include output signals from multiple wave-front sensors. The multiple-reference D-SPGD control algorithm introduced here is applied to obtain an anisotropic FOV in adaptive receiver systems by using two and three reference waves. (C) 2004 Optical Society of America. C1 USA, Res Lab, Intelligent Opt Lab, Computat & Informat Sci Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Univ Maryland, Syst Res Inst, Intelligent Opt Lab, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Vorontsov, MA (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Intelligent Opt Lab, Computat & Informat Sci Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RI Yu, Miao/M-6252-2013 OI Yu, Miao/0000-0003-4180-5094 NR 24 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1084-7529 J9 J OPT SOC AM A JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. A-Opt. Image Sci. Vis. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 21 IS 9 BP 1659 EP 1668 DI 10.1364/JOSAA.21.001659 PG 10 WC Optics SC Optics GA 848PK UT WOS:000223479400007 PM 15384431 ER PT J AU Pusateri, AE Delgado, AV Dick, EJ Martinez, RS Holcomb, JB Ryan, KL AF Pusateri, AE Delgado, AV Dick, EJ Martinez, RS Holcomb, JB Ryan, KL TI Application of a granular mineral-based hemostatic agent (QuikClot) to reduce blood loss after grade V liver injury in swine SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE hemorrhage; trauma; hemostasis; liver; venous ID FIBRIN SEALANT DRESSINGS; VENOUS HEMORRHAGE; HEPATIC-INJURY; TRAUMA CENTER; MODEL; EFFICACY; SURVIVAL; BANDAGE; DEATH; MORTALITY AB Background: uncontrolled hemorrhage is a leading cause of death in cases of trauma. Many products currently are under development to control traumatic bleeding. One such Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved product is QuikClot. This study determined the efficacy of QuikClot, a hemostatic agent, in reducing blood loss and mortality in a standardized model of severe liver injury as well as the consequences of its use. Methods: Swine received either QuikClot or gauze treatment after induction of grade V liver injuries. Hemostasis, blood loss, resuscitation volume, 60-minute survival, and peak tissue temperatures were measured. Results: Hemostasis was improved with QuikClot (p < 0.05), and resuscitation volume was consequently reduced (p < 0.05). Posttreatment blood loss was reduced (p < 0.01) with QuikClot (1,397 mL), as compared with gauze (5,338 mL). The survival rate was seven of eight in the QuikClot group and one of eight in the gauze group (p < 0.01). Peak temperature at the tissue interface was increased (p < 0.01) with QuikClot (93.3 +/- 10.5&DEG;C), as compared with gauze (37.5 +/- " 6.5&DEG;C). QuikClot use was associated with both macro- and microscopic tissue damage caused by the exothermic reaction. Conclusion: QuikClot provides hemostasis and decreased mortality in this model of severe liver injury. The beneficial aspects of QuikClot treatment must, however, be balanced against the tissue-damaging effects of the exothermic reaction. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Ryan, KL (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM kathy.ryan@amedd.army.mil NR 27 TC 74 Z9 77 U1 0 U2 8 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD SEP PY 2004 VL 57 IS 3 BP 555 EP 562 DI 10.1097/01.TA.0000136155.97758.CD PG 8 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 859YH UT WOS:000224303800018 PM 15454802 ER PT J AU Bernstein, G Kehren, J Kaplan, K Kang, P McLeod, D AF Bernstein, G Kehren, J Kaplan, K Kang, P McLeod, D TI Acquired seminal vesicle cyst causing acute urinary retention and hydronephrosis SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE seminal vesicles; cysts; urinary retention; hydronephrosis C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Urol, Washington, DC USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Washington, DC USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Washington, DC USA. RP Bernstein, G (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Urol, Washington, DC USA. NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 172 IS 3 BP 1010 EP 1011 DI 10.1097/01.ju.000014699.18206.7a PG 2 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 847GE UT WOS:000223379900054 PM 15311025 ER PT J AU Polyakov, AY Smirnov, NB Govorkov, AV Baik, KH Pearton, SJ AF Polyakov, AY Smirnov, NB Govorkov, AV Baik, KH Pearton, SJ TI Changes in electrical and optical properties of p-AlGaN due to proton implantation SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article ID LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; 280 NM; GAN; ALN; FILMS; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; EMISSION; NOISE; BAND AB The effects of proton implantation with energy of 100 keV on the electrical, optical and luminescent properties of p-AlGaN films are reported. The proton implantation leads to a decrease in the concentration of uncompensated shallow acceptors and, after high implantation doses, to. formation of highly resistive compensated material. The dominant deep traps observed in implanted p-AlGaN films are hole traps with activation energy of 0.26, 0.4, and 0.9 eV. Proton implantation is also shown to lead to a decrease in the intensity of near-band-edge microcathodoluminescence and, after high implantation doses, to the emergence of a yellow luminescence band. (C) 2004 American Vacuum Society. C1 Inst Rare Met, Moscow 119017, Russia. Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Polyakov, AY (reprint author), Inst Rare Met, B Tolmachevsky 5, Moscow 119017, Russia. RI Smirnov, Nickolai/K-8935-2015 OI Smirnov, Nickolai/0000-0002-4993-0175 NR 21 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD SEP-OCT PY 2004 VL 22 IS 5 BP 2291 EP 2294 DI 10.1116/1.1781187 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 870HN UT WOS:000225048300008 ER PT J AU Houng, HSH Norwood, D Ludwig, GV Sun, W Lin, MT Vaughn, DW AF Houng, HSH Norwood, D Ludwig, GV Sun, W Lin, MT Vaughn, DW TI Development and evaluation of an efficient 3 '-noncoding region based SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) RT-PCR assay for detection of SARS-CoV infections SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE severe acute respiratory syndrome; SARS coronavirus; real-time RT-PCR; quantitative RT-PCR; 3 '-noncoding region ID ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME; POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; REAL-TIME PCR; TRANSMISSION DYNAMICS; VIRUS; DIAGNOSIS; DISEASE AB The severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) epidemic originating from China in 2002 was caused by a previously uncharacterized coronavirus that could be identified by specific RT-PCR amplification. Efforts to control future SARS outbreaks depend on the accurate and early identification of SARS-CoV infected patients. A real-time fluorogenicRT-PCR assay based on the 3'-noncoding region (3'-NCR) of SARS-CoV genome was developed as a quantitative SARS diagnostic tool. The ideal amplification efficiency of a sensitive SARS-CoV RT-PCR assay should yield an E value (PCR product concentration increase per amplification cycle) equal to 2.0. It was demonstrated that the 3'-NCR SARS-CoV based RT-PCR reactions could be formulated to reach excellent E values of 1.81, or 91% amplification efficacy. The SARS-CoV cDNA preparations derived front viral RNA extract and the cloned recombinant plasmid both exhibit the identical amplification characteristics, i.e. amplification efficacy using the same PCR formulation developed in this study. The viral genomic copy (or genomic equivalences, GE) per infectious unit (GE/pfu) of SARS-CoV used in this study was also established to be approximate 1200-1600:1. The assay's detection sensitivity could reach 0.005 pfu or 6-8 GE per assay. It was preliminarily demonstrated that the assay could efficiently detect SARS-CoV from clinical specimens of SARS probable and suspected patients identified in Taiwan. The 3'-NCR based SARS-CoV assay demonstrated 100% diagnostic specificity testing samples of patients with acute respiratory disease from a non-SARS epidemic region. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Virus Dis, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Diagnost Syst Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. OneGene Biotech Inc, Sec 1, Taichung, Taiwan. USA, Mil Infect Dis Res Program, Med Res & Mat Command, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Houng, HSH (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Virus Dis, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM huo-shu.houng@na.amedd.army.mil NR 36 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-0934 J9 J VIROL METHODS JI J. Virol. Methods PD SEP 1 PY 2004 VL 120 IS 1 BP 33 EP 40 DI 10.1016/j.jviromet.2004.04.008 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA 841TW UT WOS:000222955500005 PM 15234807 ER PT J AU Watkins, DW Kirby, KW Punnett, RE AF Watkins, DW Kirby, KW Punnett, RE TI Water for the everglades: Application of the South Florida systems analysis model SO JOURNAL OF WATER RESOURCES PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT-ASCE LA English DT Article DE Florida; water management; water supply; parks; hydrologic models AB A screening model called the South Florida Systems Analysis Model (SFSAM) was developed to support the Central and South Florida Project Comprehensive Review Study (Restudy). The objective of the Restudy, performed by the Jacksonville District of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and the South Florida Water Management District, was to recommend a plan for improving environmental C quality and urban and agricultural water supply reliability affected by the Central and South Florida water management project. As a,'modeler's model," SFSAM was limited in scope and was used primarily to assist analysts in the development of alternatives. Additionally, model results provided some insights to operating strategies that could be tested and refined through more detailed modeling of the alternatives. This review of SFSAM includes a brief overview of the Central and South Florida project, a description of the model formulation. some interesting technical challenges faced in modeling the system, and representative and interesting results from the model application. C1 Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Jacksonville, FL USA. RP Watkins, DW (reprint author), Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. EM dwatkins@mtu.edu; kwkirby@dcn.org; richard.e.punnett@usace.army.mil NR 10 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9496 J9 J WATER RES PL-ASCE JI J. Water Resour. Plan. Manage.-ASCE PD SEP-OCT PY 2004 VL 130 IS 5 BP 359 EP 366 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9496(2004)130:5(359) PG 8 WC Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 847IE UT WOS:000223385100002 ER PT J AU Metz, EJ AF Metz, EJ TI Today's best military writing: The finest articles on the past, present, and future of the US military. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USACGSC Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Metz, EJ (reprint author), USACGSC Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD SEP 1 PY 2004 VL 129 IS 14 BP 166 EP 166 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 851GW UT WOS:000223674600184 ER PT J AU Burgess, EB AF Burgess, EB TI Memories of World War II: Photographs from the archives of the associated press. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Burgess, EB (reprint author), USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD SEP 1 PY 2004 VL 129 IS 14 BP 169 EP 169 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 851GW UT WOS:000223674600195 ER PT J AU Roth, DJ Verrilli, MJ Cosgriff, LM Martin, RE Bhatt, RT AF Roth, DJ Verrilli, MJ Cosgriff, LM Martin, RE Bhatt, RT TI Microstructural and discontinuity characterization in ceramic composites using an ultrasonic guided wave scan system SO MATERIALS EVALUATION LA English DT Article DE composites; ceramics; ultrasonics; guided waves AB In this study, an ultrasonic guided wave scan system was used to characterize various microstructural and discontinuity conditions in two types of ceramic matrix composites, SiC/SiC and C/SiC. Rather than attempting to isolate specific lamb wave modes to use for characterization (as is desired for many types of guided wave testing problems), the guided wave scan system utilizes the total (multimode) ultrasonic response in its test analysis. Several time and frequency domain parameters are calculated from the ultrasonic guided wave signal at each scan location to form images. Microstructural and discontinuity conditions examined include delamination, density variation, cracking and pre- and postinfiltration. Results are compared with thermographic imaging methods. Although the guided wave technique is commonly used so scanning can be eliminated, applying the technique in the scanning mode allows a more precise characterization of discontinuity conditions. C1 NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. Cleveland State Univ, Cleveland, OH 44115 USA. USA, Res Lab, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. RP Roth, DJ (reprint author), NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, 21000 Brookpk Rd,Mail Stop 6-1, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. EM donald.j.roth@nasa.gov NR 11 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC NONDESTRUCTIVE TEST PI COLUMBUS PA 1711 ARLINGATE LANE PO BOX 28518, COLUMBUS, OH 43228-0518 USA SN 0025-5327 J9 MATER EVAL JI Mater. Eval. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 62 IS 9 BP 948 EP 953 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA 853PM UT WOS:000223839500006 ER PT J AU Clayton, JD McDowell, DL AF Clayton, JD McDowell, DL TI Homogenized finite elastoplasticity and damage: theory and computations SO MECHANICS OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID CREEP CRACK-GROWTH; DUCTILE FRACTURE; BRITTLE MATERIALS; CONTINUUM DAMAGE; ELEMENT-ANALYSIS; VOID NUCLEATION; PLASTIC SOLIDS; STRAIN; MODEL; ANTIMONY AB Explicit volume averaging procedures are employed to construct a multi-scale framework describing finite elastoplasticity and damage processes in a polycrystalline aggregate. A hybrid additive-multiplicative decomposition for the macroscopic deformation gradient captures precisely the kinematics of anisotropic damage and offers insight into mesoscopic distributions of residual elastic lattice strain attributed to heterogeneity of local deformation occurring at both intergranular and intragranular scales. The proposed multi-scale framework also provides a convenient setting from which to evaluate new continuum-type failure criteria in terms of homogenized variables constructed from mesoscopic (i.e., locally varying) incompatibility fields. The new failure parameters supplement traditional criteria such as porosity or crack density, offering additional information regarding accommodation of deformation and related length scale effects. Finite element calculations performed on aggregates of multiple grains, with each grain discretized into several hundred elements, are conducted to evaluate the model's capabilities. Crystal plasticity theory describes the elastoplastic behavior of the grains at the mesoscale. Cohesive zone finite elements are included to model intergranular fracture, with a formulation tailored to represent the failure of polycrystalline copper with trace antimony segregated at grain boundaries. The computational results illustrate that the build-up of elastic strain energy density due to incompatibility, and subsequent crack initiation and growth, depend heavily upon the initial grain boundary misorientation distribution and grain morphology. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Lab, Impact Phys Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Georgia Inst Technol, George W Woodruff Sch Mech Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Clayton, JD (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Impact Phys Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM jclayton@arl.army.mil RI Clayton, John/C-7760-2009 NR 68 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 2 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6636 J9 MECH MATER JI Mech. Mater. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 36 IS 9 BP 799 EP 824 PG 26 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Materials Science; Mechanics GA 824XC UT WOS:000221719500001 ER PT J AU Tharion, WJ Yokota, M Buller, MJ DeLany, JP Hoyt, RW AF Tharion, WJ Yokota, M Buller, MJ DeLany, JP Hoyt, RW TI Total energy expenditure estimated using a foot-contact pedometer SO MEDICAL SCIENCE MONITOR LA English DT Article DE humans; activity; energy expenditure; locomotion; pedometer; pedometry ID PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; LOCOMOTION; HUMANS; POWER; FIELD AB Background: Total energy expenditure (TEE) assessment using pedometers provide an easy and less expensive method than doubly labeled water (DLW). This study assessed TEE by a new pedometry method (TEEpedo) compared to the doubly labeled water method (TEEdlw). Material/Methods: Shipboard sailors (7 men, age: 23.0+/-3.9 yrs; ht: 180.2+/-6.5 cm; wt: 83.8+/-11.8 kg, and 10 women, age: 24.7+/-4.4 yrs; ht: 165.2+/-8.0 cm; wt: 63.5+/-14.0 kg) (Mean+/-SD) were studied for 8 days. The energy cost of activity was estimated using (a) total body weight, (b) foot-ground contact times [Tc] during running, walking, and non-exercise activity [NEAT], and (c) the known proportion of time spent in each activity category. Resting metabolic rate (RMR) was estimated from lean body mass. Results: TEEpedo was calculated as: TEEpedo (MJ) = (1440 x [%Run Time x ((0.0761 x [Total Body Weight/TcRun]) - 7.598) + %Walk Time x ((0.056 x [Total Body Weight/TcWalk]) - 2.938) + (%NEAT Time x 0.1 x [RMR/Minute])] + RMR)/239. This method, explained 79% of the variance of TEEpedo with a 95% confidence interval of +/-0.81 MJ/day, relative to TEEdlw (12.55+/-3.3 MJ/day). Mean TEEpedo (12.65+/-3.1 MJ/day) did not differ from mean TEEdlw (p = 0.95). Conclusions: At TEEs >14 MJ/day, the TEEpedo method underestimated actual TEE, possibly due to unaccounted for upper body exercise. At more moderate TEEs of 9 to 14 MJ/day, the Tc pedometry method provided accurate estimates of TEE. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Biophys & Biomed Modeling Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Geocenters Inc, Natick, MA USA. Pennington Biomed Res Ctr, Baton Rouge, LA USA. RP Tharion, WJ (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Biophys & Biomed Modeling Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM william.tharion@na.amedd.army.mil NR 21 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT SCIENTIFIC LITERATURE, INC PI ALBERTSON PA 1125 WILLIS AVE, ALBERTSON, NY 11507 USA SN 1234-1010 J9 MED SCI MONITOR JI Med. Sci. Monitor PD SEP PY 2004 VL 10 IS 9 BP CR504 EP CR509 PG 6 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA 867HR UT WOS:000224833800008 PM 15328482 ER PT J AU Kenefick, RW Hazzard, MP Mahood, NV Castellani, JW AF Kenefick, RW Hazzard, MP Mahood, NV Castellani, JW TI Thirst sensations and AVP responses at rest and during exercise-cold exposure SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Article DE environment; hydration state; osmolality; vasoconstriction ID VASOPRESSIN RELEASE; AMBIENT-TEMPERATURE; OSMOTIC THIRST; HIGH-ALTITUDE; FLUID INTAKE; HUMANS; OSMOREGULATION; HYPOHYDRATION; IMMERSION; DRINKING AB Purpose: The purpose of this study was to 1) determine the effect of hypohydration (HYPO) on thirst sensations during moderate exercise in the cold and 2) determine a possible mechanism for a cold-induced decline in thirst. Methods: In the first phase of the study, eight males walked on four occasions, in T-shirts, shorts, and shoes, at 50% VO2max for 60 min in either a 4degreesC (cold) or 27degreesC (temperate) environment in a state of HYPO or euhydration (EU). In the second phase, nine males in states of EU or HYPO randomly performed four trials consisting of 30 min standing at 27degreesC, followed by 30 min of standing and 30 min of treadmill exercise at 50% Of VO2max in either 4degreesC or 27degreesC air. Results: In phase 1, thirst sensations were lower throughout 60 min of exercise (P < 0.05) in both HYPO and EU conditions during the cold trials. In phase 2, despite elevated plasma osmolality (P < 0.05), perception of thirst and plasma arginine vasopressin [AVP] similarly decreased (P < 0.05) after 30-min standing rest and 30-min exercise in the HYPO-cold trial, compared with the HYPO-temperate, EU-cold, and EU-ternperate trials. Conclusions: When either euhydrated or hypohydrated, cold exposure attenuated thirst by up to 40% at rest and during moderate-intensity exercise. The attenuated thirst when hypohydrated during cold exposure was associated with lower plasma [AVP] despite an elevated plasma osmolality. This decline in thirst and AVP in the cold may be the result of peripheral vasoconstriction, mediating an increase in central blood volume and stimulation of central volume receptors. C1 Univ New Hampshire, Dept Kinesiol, Durham, NH 03824 USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Kenefick, RW (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Dept Kinesiol, New Hampshire Hall, Durham, NH 03824 USA. EM RWK@hopper.unh.edu NR 30 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 2 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 36 IS 9 BP 1528 EP 1534 DI 10.1249/01.MSS.0000139901.63911.75 PG 7 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 855IP UT WOS:000223967100011 PM 15354034 ER PT J AU Grinfeld, MA Wright, TW AF Grinfeld, MA Wright, TW TI Morphology of fractured domains in brittle fracture SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT TMS/ASM Annual Meeting CY 2003 CL San Diego, CA SP TMS, ASM AB We propose a thermodynamic approach, allowing one to determine the shape of the intensively fractured zones (IFZs), simultaneously with the distribution of stress and strain within the IFZ appearing in brittle fracture. The approach combines Gibbs' variational paradigm of the theory of heterogeneous systems with Griffith's variational paradigm of the theory of brittle fracture. We suggest some simple constitutive models for solid substances undergoing brittle fracture and solve some boundary value problems on nucleation of an isolated IFZ within an isotropic elastic material. C1 CNR, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. USN, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Grinfeld, MA (reprint author), CNR, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM mgreenfield@arl.army.mil NR 19 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 35A IS 9 BP 2651 EP 2661 DI 10.1007/s11661-004-0211-8 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 851IE UT WOS:000223678000012 ER PT J AU Lanzerotti, YD Sharma, J Armstrong, RW AF Lanzerotti, YD Sharma, J Armstrong, RW TI Atomic force microscopy studies of fracture surfaces of composition B energetic materials SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT TMS/ASM Annual Meeting CY 2003 CL San Diego, CA SP TMS, ASM ID MECHANICAL-BEHAVIOR; HIGH ACCELERATION; RDX; TNT; ULTRACENTRIFUGE; CRYSTALS; GROWTH AB The characteristics of trinitrotoluene (TNT) crystals in composition B have been studied using atomic force microscopy (AFM). The size of TNT crystals has been examined by analyzing the surface structure that is exhibited after mechanical failure of the composition B. The mechanical failure occurs when the material is subjected to high acceleration (high g) in an ultracentrifuge and the shear or tensile strength is exceeded. The AFM examination of the topography of the composition B fracture surface reveals fracture across columnar grains of the TNT. The width of the columnar TNT grains ranges in size from similar to1 to similar to2 mum. Their height ranges in size from similar to50 to similar to300 nm. Flat TNT columns alternate with TNT columns containing river patterns that identify the direction of crack growth. Steps in the river patterns are a few nanometers in depth. The TNT constituent fracture surface morphology is shown to occur on such fine scale, beginning from adjacent columnar crystals only 1 to 2 mum in width and including river marking step heights of only a few nanometers, that AFM-type resolution is required even to begin to make clear what has happened. C1 USA, ARDEC, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Engn Mech, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Lanzerotti, YD (reprint author), USA, ARDEC, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. EM ylanzero@pica.army.mil NR 25 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 35A IS 9 BP 2675 EP 2679 DI 10.1007/s11661-004-0213-6 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 851IE UT WOS:000223678000014 ER PT J AU Mendelson, I Tobery, S Scorpio, A Bozue, J Shafferman, A Friedlander, AM AF Mendelson, I Tobery, S Scorpio, A Bozue, J Shafferman, A Friedlander, AM TI The NheA component of the non-hemolytic enterotoxin of Bacillus cereus is produced by Bacillus anthracis but is not required for virulence SO MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS LA English DT Article DE anthrax; Bacillus anthracis; non-hemolytic enterotoxin; NHE; nheA ID DIARRHEAL ENTEROTOXIN; HEMOLYSIN BL; THURINGIENSIS; PATHOGENESIS; EXPRESSION; SEQUENCE; STRAINS; GENES; ELISA; PLCR AB A non-hemolytic enterotoxin (NHE) is one of the two enterotoxins thought to cause diarrhea produced by Bacillus cereus. We identified genes in Bacillus anthracis homologous to the B. cereus nheAB genes encoding proteins of the NHE complex. The NheA component was detected immunologically in culture supernatants from B. anthracis but not from a NheA mutant, suggesting that B. anthracis produces and secretes the NheA subunit of NHE. A NheA deletion mutant was not attenuated in the guinea pig suggesting that NheA is not absolutely required for virulence. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Friedlander, AM (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM arthur.friedlander@amedd.army.mil NR 26 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0882-4010 J9 MICROB PATHOGENESIS JI Microb. Pathog. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 37 IS 3 BP 149 EP 154 DI 10.1016/j.micpath.2004.06.008 PG 6 WC Immunology; Microbiology SC Immunology; Microbiology GA 856ZK UT WOS:000224084600006 PM 15351038 ER PT J AU Barth, H Aktories, K Popoff, MR Stiles, BG AF Barth, H Aktories, K Popoff, MR Stiles, BG TI Binary bacterial toxins: Biochemistry, biology, and applications of common Clostridium and Bacillus proteins SO MICROBIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REVIEWS LA English DT Review ID BOTULINUM C2 TOXIN; PERFRINGENS-IOTA-TOXIN; ANTHRAX PROTECTIVE ANTIGEN; SITE-DIRECTED MUTAGENESIS; POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; ADP-RIBOSYLATING TOXINS; TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; FLUORESCENCE-ACTIVATED CYTOMETRY; RECEPTOR-MEDIATED ENDOCYTOSIS; PERTUSSIS ADENYLATE-CYCLASE AB Certain pathogenic species of Bacillus and Clostridium have developed unique methods for intoxicating cells that employ the classic enzymatic "A-B" paradigm for protein toxins. The binary toxins produced by B. anthracis, B. cereus, C. botulinum, C. difficile, C. perfringens, and C. spiroforme consist of components not physically associated in solution that are linked to various diseases in humans, animals, or insects. The "B" components are synthesized as precursors that are subsequently activated by serine-type proteases on the targeted cell surface and/or in solution. Following release of a 20-kDa N-terminal peptide, the activated "B" components form homoheptameric rings that subsequently dock with an "A" component(s) on the cell surface. By following an acidified endosomal route and translocation into the cytosol, "A" molecules disable a cell (and host organism) via disruption of the actin cytoskeleton, increasing intracellular levels of cyclic AMP, or inactivation of signaling pathways linked to mitogen-activated protein kinase kinases. Recently, B. anthracis has gleaned much notoriety as a biowarfare/bioterrorism agent, and of primary interest has been the edema and lethal toxins, their role in anthrax, as well as the development of efficacious vaccines and therapeutics targeting these virulence factors and ultimately B. anthracis. This review comprehensively surveys the literature and discusses the similarities, as well as distinct differences, between each Clostridium and Bacillus binary toxin in terms of their biochemistry, biology, genetics, structure, and applications in science and medicine. The information may foster future studies that aid novel vaccine and drug development, as well as a better understanding of a conserved intoxication process utilized by various gram-positive, spore-forming bacteria. C1 Univ Freiburg, Inst Expt & Klin Pharmakol & Toxikol, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany. Inst Pasteur, CNR, Paris, France. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Toxicol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Univ Freiburg, Inst Expt & Klin Pharmakol & Toxikol, Otto Krayer Haus,Albert Str 25, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany. EM holger.barth@pharmakol.uni-freiburg.de; bradley.stiles@amedd.army.mil RI Barth, Holger/E-7920-2013 NR 518 TC 199 Z9 204 U1 2 U2 29 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1092-2172 EI 1098-5557 J9 MICROBIOL MOL BIOL R JI Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 68 IS 3 BP 373 EP + DI 10.1128/MMBR.68.3.373-402.2004 PG 31 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 855RJ UT WOS:000223991100001 PM 15353562 ER PT J AU Bovarnick, MJA AF Bovarnick, MJA TI Can a commander authorize searches & seizures in privatized housing areas? SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Article C1 USA, Airborne Div 82D, Ft Bragg, NC USA. RP Bovarnick, MJA (reprint author), USA, Airborne Div 82D, Ft Bragg, NC USA. NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD FAL PY 2004 VL 181 BP 1 EP 68 PG 68 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 880MO UT WOS:000225794100001 ER PT J AU Henricks, MSC AF Henricks, MSC TI A fourth amendment privacy analysis of The Department of Defense's DNA repository for the identification of human remains: The law of fingerprints can show us the way SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Article C1 USA, Special Forces Grp 5, Ft Campbell, KY USA. RP Henricks, MSC (reprint author), USA, Special Forces Grp 5, Ft Campbell, KY USA. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD FAL PY 2004 VL 181 BP 69 EP 111 PG 43 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 880MO UT WOS:000225794100002 ER PT J AU Finnegan, CP AF Finnegan, CP TI The study of law as a foundation of leadership and command: The history of law instruction at the United States Military Academy at West Point SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Reprint C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Law, W Point, NY USA. RP Finnegan, CP (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Law, W Point, NY USA. NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD FAL PY 2004 VL 181 BP 112 EP 137 PG 26 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 880MO UT WOS:000225794100003 ER PT J AU Wells, WL AF Wells, WL TI Justice at Dachau SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Montgomery, AL USA. USAF, Judge Advocate Gen Sch, Montgomery, AL USA. RP Wells, WL (reprint author), USA, Montgomery, AL USA. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD FAL PY 2004 VL 181 BP 164 EP 174 PG 11 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 880MO UT WOS:000225794100006 ER PT J AU Eckart, RE Shry, EA Scoville, SL Thompson, CM Stajduhar, KC Krasuski, RA AF Eckart, RE Shry, EA Scoville, SL Thompson, CM Stajduhar, KC Krasuski, RA TI Cardiopulmonary and mental health diagnoses surrounding the September 11 terrorist acts in a military population SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; NORTHRIDGE EARTHQUAKE; STRESS; PALPITATIONS; CALIFORNIA; ATTACKS; DEATH AB Background: In addition to psychological disorders, emotional stress can trigger a chain of neurohumoral imbalances that can manifest as cardiopulmonary complaints. No studies were identified that used objective clinical data on complaints after the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001. The purpose of this descriptive study was to identify all cardiopulmonary and psychological diagnoses among active duty personnel seeking care at a military treatment facility and/or its ancillary facilities before and after September 11, 2001. Methods: The study population included 40,981 active duty military personnel between August 13, 2001 and October 9, 2001 (4 weeks before and 4 weeks after September 11, 2001). Demographic and diagnostic data were obtained from the Composite Health Care System for each visit during the study period. The outcomes of interest were psychological and cardiopulmonary diagnoses. Results: There were 19,595 clinic visits before September 11, 2001 compared to 19,207 clinic visits in the 4 weeks after September 11. There was no increase in total psychological diagnoses in the postexposure period, compared with the preexposure period (risk ratio (RR), 0.97; 95% confidence interval (0), 0.84-1.11). The only statistically significant finding was a decrease in diagnoses of psychoses (RR, 0.62; 95% confidence intervaL 0.42-0.91). However, diagnoses of depressive disorders were increased in the postexposure period (RR, 1.61; 95% Cl, 0.89-2.90; p = 0.11). Total cardiopulmonary diagnoses did not increase in the postexposure period, compared with the preexposure period (RR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.91-1.02). Conclusions: This descriptive study failed to identify evidence that any changes in cardiopulmonary or mental health diagnoses were attributable to September 11 terrorist attacks. In the unfortunate event of another national tragedy, it is recommended that health care professionals administer a questionnaire to determine why patients are seeking care after the tragedy. These data could be linked to International Classification of Diseases data to determine the effects of the tragedy on the health of personnel and their utilization of health care services. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Serv Cardiol, Dept Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Div Cardiol, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Eckart, RE (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Serv Cardiol, Dept Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM RobertEckart@amedd.army.mil NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 169 IS 9 BP 675 EP 680 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019JB UT WOS:000235830300004 PM 15495716 ER PT J AU Lettieri, C Moon, J Hickey, P Gray, M Berg, B Hospenthal, D AF Lettieri, C Moon, J Hickey, P Gray, M Berg, B Hospenthal, D TI Prevalence of Leptospira antibodies in US army blood bank donors in Hawaii SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID OUTBREAK; AGGLUTININS; PERSISTENCE; EPIDEMIC AB Leptospirosis is a zoonotic infection of worldwide distribution that is commonly endemic in tropical regions. In the United States, the annual incidence rate in the state of Hawaii is approximately 30 times higher than that reported nationally. U.S. troops deployed to disease-endemic tropical environments and those training in the state of Hawaii are potentially at high risk for acquiring leptospirosis. Serum and risk factor data were obtained from 488 blood donors attending military-sponsored blood drives on the island of Oahu. Testing of sera for the presence of Leptospira-specific antibodies was performed with microscopic agglutination testing (MAT). Seven active duty U.S. Army soldiers were found to be seropositive by MAT (seroprevalence, 1.4%), 2 of 76 newly arrived residents (2.6%) and 5 of 412 established residents (1.2%). Positive MAT results were statistically more common among female subjects and those 18 to 30 years old. Seropositivity was not associated with specific exposures or prolonged residence in the state of Hawaii. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Vet Command Food Anal & Diagnost Lab, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Lettieri, C (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RI Moon, James/B-6810-2011 OI Moon, James/0000-0002-9274-4554 NR 18 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 169 IS 9 BP 687 EP 690 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019JB UT WOS:000235830300007 PM 15495719 ER PT J AU Chaffin, JG Mazuji, N AF Chaffin, JG Mazuji, N TI Class 3 dental treatment time SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB Objective: Dental emergencies take soldiers away from their assigned duties. The objective of this project was to determine the average clinical treatment time needed to correct nondeployable dental conditions using actual treatment times noted in an electronic scheduler. Methods: The Fort Hood Class Three Intercept Clinic forwarded their daffy treatment logs to the Dental Command for each week from November 1, 2002 through February 13, 2003. Clinical treatment times and types of services provided for dental fitness category (DFC) 3 conditions were tracked with the Corporate Dental Application scheduler. Results: The project identified 398 DFC 3 soldiers who were scheduled to receive treatment at the Fort Hood Class Three Intercept Clinic between November 1, 2002 and February 13, 2003. Twenty-three of those soldiers did not receive treatment, therefore, the total sample size was 375. On average, it required 2.2 hours of clinical dental treatment time to make a DFC 3 soldier dentally deployable. Conclusions: The findings of this study suggest that treating DFC 3 conditions is time-intensive but most DFC 3 soldiers can be treated in approximately 2 hours in an efficient and properly staffed dental clinic. Without proper preventive education and maintenance, these soldiers may develop additional oral disease and may require repeated episodes of increasingly intensive dental treatment. C1 US Army Dent Command, Dent Corps, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Chaffin, JG (reprint author), US Army Dent Command, Dent Corps, 2050 Worth Rd,Suite 4, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 169 IS 9 BP 696 EP 698 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019JB UT WOS:000235830300009 PM 15495721 ER PT J AU Halsey, ES Bryce, M Wortmann, GW Weina, PJ Ryan, JR DeWitt, CC AF Halsey, ES Bryce, M Wortmann, GW Weina, PJ Ryan, JR DeWitt, CC TI Visceral leishmaniasis in a soldier returning from operation enduring freedom SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID DESERT-STORM; KALA-AZAR; DIAGNOSIS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; VETERANS AB This report presents a case of visceral leishmaniasis in a soldier returning from Operation Enduring Freedom. During the United States' last major military conflict, Operation Desert Storm, the diagnosis of multiple cases of visceral leishmaniasis led to policy changes, including a temporary ban on troop blood donation. This case demonstrates the applicability of recently developed Leishmania polymerase chain reaction and serological assays when conventional methods of diagnosis, such as tissue microscopy and culture, fail. C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Infect Dis, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Aerosp Med Flight, Ellsworth AFB, SD 57706 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Leishmaniasis Diagnost Lab, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Dept Entomol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Halsey, ES (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Infect Dis, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. RI Weina, Peter/A-2120-2011 NR 16 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 169 IS 9 BP 699 EP 701 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019JB UT WOS:000235830300010 PM 15495722 ER PT J AU McHale, KA Ross, AE AF McHale, KA Ross, AE TI Treatment of infected tibial nonunions with debridement, antibiotic beads, and the Ilizarov method SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID OSTEOMYELITIS; FRACTURES; MANAGEMENT; FIXATION; THERAPY AB This study of 10 patients presents the early results of a protocol of debridement, antibiotic bead placement, and use of the Ilizarov method with a circular external fixator for treatment of infected nonunions of the tibia in a military population. The nonunions resulted from high-energy fractures in nine cases and an osteotomy in one. The Ilizarov techniques used were transport (five cases), shortening and secondary lengthening (two cases), minimal resection with compression (one case), and resection with bone grafting (two cases). Flap coverage was required for five patients. There were two recurrences of infection (20%) among patients with the most compromised soft tissue. Only 50% of patients were able to perform limited duties while wearing the external fixator. Only four patients returned to active duty; however, three patients from special operations units were able to return to jump status. Six patients underwent medical retirement because of insufficient function, resulting from decreased ankle or knee range of motion and arthrosis or muscle weakness. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthoped Surg & Rehabil, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP McHale, KA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthoped Surg & Rehabil, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 19 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 3 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 169 IS 9 BP 728 EP 734 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019JB UT WOS:000235830300018 PM 15495730 ER PT J AU Boger, JA Lepler, L AF Boger, JA Lepler, L TI Hemoptysis in a 28-year-old active duty soldier SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID TUBERCULOSIS AB A 28-year-old African American male, originally from West Africa, presented with complaints of cough and hemoptysis. This case follows the patient through transfer to Walter Reed Army Medical Center and outpatient follow-up. Exploring this case illustrates how an Army physician may approach a soldier with hemoptysis. Additionally, this case demonstrates the management and treatment of his condition. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Boger, JA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM john.boger@na.amedd.army.mil NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 169 IS 9 BP 754 EP 756 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019JB UT WOS:000235830300023 PM 15495735 ER PT J AU Eells, JT Wong-Riley, MTT VerHoeve, J Henry, M Buchman, EV Kane, MP Gould, LJ Das, R Jett, M Hodgson, BD Margolis, D Whelan, HT AF Eells, JT Wong-Riley, MTT VerHoeve, J Henry, M Buchman, EV Kane, MP Gould, LJ Das, R Jett, M Hodgson, BD Margolis, D Whelan, HT TI Mitochondrial signal transduction in accelerated wound and retinal healing by near-infrared light therapy SO MITOCHONDRION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st Mitochondrial Standards Workshop CY 2002 CL Dallas, TX SP United Mitochondrial Dis Fdn, Mitochondrial Res Soc, Natl Inst Stand & Technol ID EMITTING DIODE IRRADIATION; ENERGY LASER IRRADIATION; BONE-MARROW TRANSPLANT; HELIUM-NEON LASER; ORAL MUCOSITIS; CYTOCHROME-OXIDASE; SPECTROSCOPY; PREVENTION; TOXICITY; INTEGRIN AB Photobiomodulation by light in the red to near infrared range (630-1000 nm) using low energy lasers or light-emitting diode (LED) arrays has been shown to accelerate wound healing, improve recovery from ischemic injury in the heart and attenuate degeneration in the injured optic nerve. Recent evidence indicates that the therapeutic effects of red to near infrared light result, in part, from intracellular signaling mechanisms triggered by the interaction of NIR light with the mitochondrial photoacceptor molecule cytochrome c oxidase. We have demonstrated that NIR-LED photo-irradiation increases the production of cytochrome oxidase in cultured primary neurons and reverses the reduction of cytochrome oxidase activity produced by metabolic inhibitors. We have also shown that NIR-LED treatment prevents the development of oral mucositis in pediatric bone marrow transplant patients. Photobiomodulation improves wound healing in genetically diabetic mice by upregulating genes important in the promotion of wound healing. More recent studies have provided evidence for the therapeutic benefit of NIR-LED treatment in the survival and functional recovery of the retina and optic nerve in vivo after acute injury by the mitochondrial toxin, formic acid generated in the course of methanol intoxication. Gene discovery studies conducted using microarray technology documented a significant upregulation of gene expression in pathways involved in mitochondrial energy production and antioxidant cellular protection. These findings provide a link between the actions of red to near infrared light on mitochondrial oxidative metabolism in vitro and cell injury in vivo. Based on these findings and the strong evidence that mitochondrial dysfunction is involved in the pathogenesis of numerous diseases processes, we propose that NIR-LED photobiomodulation represents an innovative and non-invasive therapeutic approach for the treatment of tissue injury and disease processes in which mitochondrial dysfunction is postulated to play a role including diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy and Parkinson's disease. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. and Mitochondria Research Society. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Coll Hlth Sci, Dept Hlth Sci, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. Med Coll Wisconsin, Dept Cell Biol Neurobiol & Anat, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Ophthalmol, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. Med Coll Wisconsin, Dept Ophthalmol, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. Med Coll Wisconsin, Dept Neurol, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. Univ Texas, Med Branch, Dept Plast Surg, Galveston, TX USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Mol Pathol, Silver Spring, MD USA. Marquette Univ, Coll Dent, Milwaukee, WI USA. Childrens Hosp Wisconsin, Dept Hematol & Oncol, Milwaukee, WI USA. RP Eells, JT (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Coll Hlth Sci, Dept Hlth Sci, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. EM jeells@uwm.edu NR 25 TC 176 Z9 184 U1 6 U2 30 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1567-7249 J9 MITOCHONDRION JI Mitochondrion PD SEP PY 2004 VL 4 IS 5-6 BP 559 EP 567 DI 10.1016/j.mito.2004.07.033 PG 9 WC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 885QS UT WOS:000226172600019 PM 16120414 ER PT J AU Adler, M Manley, HA Purcell, AL Deshpande, SS Hamilton, TA Kan, RK Oyler, G Lockridge, O Duysen, EG Sheridan, RE AF Adler, M Manley, HA Purcell, AL Deshpande, SS Hamilton, TA Kan, RK Oyler, G Lockridge, O Duysen, EG Sheridan, RE TI Reduced acetylcholine receptor density, morphological remodeling, and butyrylcholinesterase activity can sustain muscle function in acetylcholinesterase knockout mice SO MUSCLE & NERVE LA English DT Article DE acetylcholine; acetylcholine receptor; acetylcholinesterase; butyrylcholinesterase; diaphragm; knockout mice; muscle tension ID FROG NEUROMUSCULAR-JUNCTION; TRACHEAL SMOOTH-MUSCLE; NONSPECIFIC CHOLINESTERASE; ENDPLATE CURRENTS; MOUSE; SOMAN; RAT; SUPERSENSITIVITY; TRANSMITTER; INHIBITION AB Nerve-evoked contractions were studied in vitro in phrenic nerve-hemidiaphragm preparations from strain 129X1 acetylcholinesterase knockout (AChE(-/-)) mice and their wild-type littermates (AChE(+/+)). The AChE(-/-) mice fail to express AChE but have normal levels of butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and can survive into adulthood. Twitch tensions elicited in diaphragms of AChE(-/-) mice by single supramaximal Stimuli had larger amplitudes and slower rise and decay times than did those in wild-type animals. In AChE(-/-) preparations, repetitive stimulation at frequencies of 20 and 50 Hz and at 200 and 400 Hz produced decremental muscle tensions; however, stimulation at 70 and 100 Hz resulted in little or no loss of tension during trains. Muscles from AChE(+/+) mice maintained tension at all frequencies examined but exhibited tetanic fade after exposure to the selective AChE inhibitor 1,5-bis(4-allyldimethyl-ammoniumphenyl)pentane-3-one (BW 284C51). The ability of diaphragm muscles from AChE(-/-) mice to maintain tension at 70 and 100 Hz suggests a partial compensation for impairment of acetylcholine (ACh) hydrolysis. Three mechanisms-including a reliance on BChE activity for termination of ACh action, downregulation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), and morphological remodeling of the endplate region-were identified. Studies of neuromuscular transmission in this model system provide an excellent opportunity to evaluate the role of AChE without complications arising from use of inhibitors. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Neurotoxicol Branch, Div Pharmacol, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Battelle Eastern Reg Technol Ctr, Aberdeen, MD USA. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Comparat Pathol Branch, Div Comparat Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Neurol, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Baltimore, MD USA. Univ Nebraska, Med Ctr, Eppley Inst, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Omaha, NE 68198 USA. RP Adler, M (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Neurotoxicol Branch, Div Pharmacol, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM Michael.Adler@amedd.army.mil OI Duysen, Ellen/0000-0002-0128-9032 NR 36 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0148-639X J9 MUSCLE NERVE JI Muscle Nerve PD SEP PY 2004 VL 30 IS 3 BP 317 EP 327 DI 10.1002/mus.20099 PG 11 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 849HO UT WOS:000223529500008 PM 15318343 ER PT J AU Ishida, Y Chen, AM Tsuruda, JM Cornel, AJ Debboun, M Leal, WS AF Ishida, Y Chen, AM Tsuruda, JM Cornel, AJ Debboun, M Leal, WS TI Intriguing olfactory proteins from the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti SO NATURWISSENSCHAFTEN LA English DT Article ID PHEROMONE-BINDING-PROTEIN; BOMBYX-MORI; SILKWORM MOTH; NMR STRUCTURE; PH; MECHANISM; ANTENNAE; RELEASE; CLONING AB Four antennae-specific proteins (AaegOBP1, AaegOBP2, AaegOBP3, and AaegASP1) were isolated from the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti and their full-length cDNAs were cloned. RT-PCR indicated that they are expressed in female and, to a lesser extent, in male antennae, but not in control tissues (legs). AaegOBP1 and AaegOBP3 showed significant similarity to previously identified mosquito odorant-binding proteins (OBPs) in cysteine spacing pattern and sequence. Two of the isolated proteins have a total of eight cysteine residues. The similarity of the spacing pattern of the cysteine residues and amino acid sequence to those of previously identified olfactory proteins suggests that one of the cysteine-rich proteins (AaegOBP2) is an OBP. The other (AaegASP1) did not belong to any group of known OBPs. Structural analyses indicate that six of the cysteine residues in AaegOBP2 are linked in a similar pattern to the previously known cysteine pairing in OBPs, i.e., Cys-24-Cys-55, Cys-51-Cys-104, Cys-95-Cys-113. The additional disulfide bridge, Cys-38-Cys-125, knits the extended C-terminal segment of the protein to a predicted alpha2-helix. As indicated by circular dichroism (CD) spectra, the extra rigidity seems to prevent the predicted formation of a C-terminal alpha-helix at low pH. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Entomol, Honorary Maeda Duffey Lab, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Entomol, Mosquito Control Res Lab, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Leal, WS (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Entomol, Honorary Maeda Duffey Lab, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM wsleal@ucdavis.edu OI Leal, Walter/0000-0002-6800-1240 FU NIAID NIH HHS [1U01AI058267-01] NR 25 TC 19 Z9 27 U1 2 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0028-1042 J9 NATURWISSENSCHAFTEN JI Naturwissenschaften PD SEP PY 2004 VL 91 IS 9 BP 426 EP 431 DI 10.1007/s00114-004-0551-7 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 862YS UT WOS:000224528000003 PM 15338030 ER PT J AU Chang, GY AF Chang, GY TI Hypertensive brainstem encephalopathy SO NEUROSURGERY QUARTERLY LA English DT Article DE cerebellar resection; hypertensive brainstem encephalopathy; obstructive hydrocephalus ID ARTERIAL-HYPERTENSION AB Hypertensive encephalopathy (HTE) is usually characterized by bilateral occipital lobe vasogenic edema that resolves promptly with blood pressure control. A subset of patients may present with predominant posterior fossa swelling leading to obstructive hydrocephalus. A 50-year-old man had progressive gait unsteadiness and confusion for several weeks after stopping anti hypertensive medication. He had markedly elevated blood pressure with bilateral papilledema. Despite intravenous antihypertensive medications and dexamethasone, be became progressively more somnolent. Repeat computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging confirmed evolving obstructive hydrocephalus from brainstem edema consistent with brainstem HTE. Emergent partial cerebellar resection resulted in rapid clinical improvement with resolution of obstructive hydrocephalus and confirmation of the diagnosis. Brainstem HTE may result in a medically intractable obstructive hydrocephalus. Cerebellar resection may be life saving and confirms the diagnosis. C1 121st US Army Gen Hosp, Dept Neurol, Seoul, South Korea. RP Chang, GY (reprint author), 121st US Army Gen Hosp, Dept Neurol, Seoul, South Korea. EM gychang@operamail.com NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1050-6438 J9 NEUROSURG QUART JI Neurosurg. Q. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 14 IS 3 BP 179 EP 180 DI 10.1097/01.wnq.0000135807.77238.75 PG 2 WC Neurosciences; Surgery SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Surgery GA 848VJ UT WOS:000223495900008 ER PT J AU Patrician, PA AF Patrician, PA TI Single-item graphic representational scales SO NURSING RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE faces scales; job satisfaction scales; pain scales single-item measures ID VISUAL ANALOG SCALE; FACES PAIN SCALE; JOB-SATISFACTION; ENVIRONMENTAL TURBULENCE; RELIABILITY; WITHDRAWAL; SEVERITY; IMPACT; NURSES AB Background: Single-item measures of constructs are parsimonious alternatives to multiple-item measures in many types of research. Before selecting a particular instrument, researchers must first determine whether to use a multi-item or single-item instrument to measure the concept to be evaluated. Currently, single-item measures are widely used for both pain and job satisfaction research. Objective: To review theoretical and empirical studies of single-item measures, with an emphasis on graphic representational (faces) scales. Methods: In this review, theoretical considerations, reliability, validity issues, and comparisons between single- and multiple-item measures are discussed. Faces scales are emphasized as an economical method for assessing such affective responses as pain and job satisfaction. Results: Single-item measures in general, and faces scales in particular, can be valid and reliable measures for global concepts. Conclusions: Because of their ease of administration, lessened respondent burden, and global concept representation, single-item measures have great potential for various types of research. Nurse researchers should seriously consider single-item measures as part of their methodological research "toolkit". C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, USA, Nurse Corps, Nursing Res Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Patrician, PA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, USA, Nurse Corps, Nursing Res Serv, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 47 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 2 U2 7 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0029-6562 J9 NURS RES JI Nurs. Res. PD SEP-OCT PY 2004 VL 53 IS 5 BP 347 EP 352 DI 10.1097/00006199-200409000-00011 PG 6 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA 858HT UT WOS:000224183600009 PM 15385872 ER PT J AU Aptowicz, KB Pan, YL Chang, RK Pinnick, RG Hill, SC Tober, RL Goyal, A Leys, T Bronk, BV AF Aptowicz, KB Pan, YL Chang, RK Pinnick, RG Hill, SC Tober, RL Goyal, A Leys, T Bronk, BV TI Two-dimensional angular optical scattering patterns of microdroplets in the mid infrared with strong and weak absorption SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LIGHT-SCATTERING; MICROPARTICLES; PARTICLES; LASER AB Two-dimensional angular optical scattering (TAOS) patterns of droplets composed of a mixture of H2O and D2O are detected in the mid infrared. First, a lens is used in the Abbe sine condition to collect a small solid angle of light, where the scattering pattern matches well numerical simulations based on Mie theory. Next, TAOS patterns from droplets spanning a large (approximate to 2pi sr) solid angle are captured simultaneously at two wavelengths. The effects of absorption are evident in the patterns and are discernible without the need for curve matching by Mie theory. (C) 2004 Optical Society of America. C1 Yale Univ, Dept Appl Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. MIT, Lincoln Lab, Lexington, MA 02420 USA. USAF, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Aptowicz, KB (reprint author), Yale Univ, Dept Appl Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. EM aptowicz@yale.edu NR 14 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 8 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD SEP 1 PY 2004 VL 29 IS 17 BP 1965 EP 1967 DI 10.1364/OL.29.001965 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 848QB UT WOS:000223481100001 PM 15455748 ER PT J AU Baker, NE Liewehr, FR Buxton, TB Joyce, AP AF Baker, NE Liewehr, FR Buxton, TB Joyce, AP TI Antibacterial efficacy of calcium hydroxide, iodine potassium iodide, betadine, and betadine scrub with and without surfactant against E faecalis in vitro SO ORAL SURGERY ORAL MEDICINE ORAL PATHOLOGY ORAL RADIOLOGY AND ENDODONTICS LA English DT Article ID ENDODONTIC TREATMENT; APICAL PERIODONTITIS; DENTINAL TUBULES; DISINFECTION; TEETH; BACTERIA; IRRIGANTS; INFECTION; PASTES AB Objective. This study investigated the ability of endodontic irrigants and medicaments to eliminate Enterococcus faecalis from infected dentinal tubules, and whether their antimicrobial action was enhanced by surfactant. Study design. For the study, 5-mm dentin disks were sectioned from bovine incisor roots and infected with E faecalis. Lumens were instrumented, and 1 of 7 medicaments (10% Ca(OH)(2), Betadine, or IKI, each with or without surfactant, or Betadine Scrub) was used to flush and fill each lumen. Positive controls received saline. Specimens were incubated for 15 minutes or 24 hours. Quantitative microbiology of the remaining bacteria was performed and groups were compared using a 1-way ANOVA. Results. The addition of surfactant did not enhance the antibacterial action of any medicament. When used as a 24-hour medicament, Ca(OH)(2) consistently failed to eliminate E faecalis, whereas both Betadine Scrub and IKI rendered 90% of samples sterile. IKI was the only agent shown to consistently eliminate E faecalis in a 15-minute time frame. Conclusion. Under the in vitro conditions of this study, IKI was able to eliminate E faecalis from bovine root dentin when used with a 15-minute contact time. C1 USA, Endodont Residency Program, Ft Gordon, GA USA. Dwight D Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Ft Gordon, GA USA. RP Liewehr, FR (reprint author), VCU, Sch Dent, Dept Endodont, POB 980566, Richmond, VA 23298 USA. EM frliewehr@vcu.edu NR 23 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 4 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 1079-2104 J9 ORAL SURG ORAL MED O JI Oral Surg. Oral Med. Oral Pathol. Oral Radiol. Endod. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 98 IS 3 BP 359 EP 364 DI 10.1016/j.tripleo.2004.04.023 PG 6 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 860NK UT WOS:000224350100018 PM 15356477 ER PT J AU Callahan, CW Doyle, AE Schobitz, EP AF Callahan, CW Doyle, AE Schobitz, EP TI Military pediatricians in Southwest Asia SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Letter C1 USA, Med Corps, Honolulu, HI USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. 8th Med Brigade, Camp Arifjan, Kuwait. RP Callahan, CW (reprint author), USA, Med Corps, Honolulu, HI USA. NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD SEP PY 2004 VL 114 IS 3 BP 898 EP 898 DI 10.1542/peds.2004-1254 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 851AU UT WOS:000223657600055 PM 15342877 ER PT J AU Munavallia, S Rohrbaugh, DK Mickay, RA Longo, FR Durst, HD AF Munavallia, S Rohrbaugh, DK Mickay, RA Longo, FR Durst, HD TI Microwave-catalyzed reaction of norbornane oxide with (chloromethyl) methyl sulfide SO PHOSPHORUS SULFUR AND SILICON AND THE RELATED ELEMENTS LA English DT Article DE epoxide ring cleavage; free radical reactions; microwave catalysis ID FREE-RADICAL ADDITION; H-DIMETHYLPHOSPHONATE; ORGANIC-SYNTHESIS; EPOXIDES; REARRANGEMENTS; ACTIVATION; EFFICIENT; MECHANISM; OXIRANES; OLEFINS AB Microwave-catalyzed reaction of (chloromethyl) methyl sulfide with exonorbornane oxide furnishes fourteen compounds. The probable mechanism of their formation and their mass spectral characterization are presented in this communication. C1 Geocenters Inc, Gunpowder Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. USA, Egdewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Munavallia, S (reprint author), Geocenters Inc, Gunpowder Branch, POB 68, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM sxmunava@apgea.army.mil NR 55 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1042-6507 J9 PHOSPHORUS SULFUR JI Phosphorus Sulfur Silicon Relat. Elem. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 179 IS 9 BP 1867 EP 1875 DI 10.1080/10426500490466788 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 863KJ UT WOS:000224560200022 ER PT J AU Aquino, G Bologna, M Grigolini, P West, BJ AF Aquino, G Bologna, M Grigolini, P West, BJ TI Aging and rejuvenation with fractional derivatives SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID CHAPMAN-KOLMOGOROV EQUATION; RANDOM-WALKS; IRREVERSIBLE-PROCESSES; RECIPROCAL RELATIONS; ANOMALOUS TRANSPORT; KRAMERS EQUATION; EXTERNAL FIELDS; CHAOTIC SYSTEMS; DIFFUSION; DYNAMICS AB We discuss a dynamic procedure that makes fractional derivatives emerge in the time asymptotic limit of non-Poisson processes. We find that two-state fluctuations, with an inverse power-law distribution of waiting times, finite first moment, and divergent second moment, namely, with the power index mu in the interval 2t(a) yields sigma=mu-2. The intermediate time regime is probably incompatible with a picture based on fractional derivatives, or, at least, with a mono-order fractional derivative. C1 Univ N Texas, Ctr Nonlinear Sci, Denton, TX 76203 USA. Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. INFM, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. CNR, Ist Proc Chim Fis, Area Ric Pisa, I-56124 Pisa, Italy. USA, Div Math, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Univ N Texas, Ctr Nonlinear Sci, POB 311427, Denton, TX 76203 USA. RI Aquino, Gerardo/C-5529-2008; West, Bruce/E-3944-2017 OI Aquino, Gerardo/0000-0003-3228-7520; NR 33 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0045 EI 2470-0053 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD SEP PY 2004 VL 70 IS 3 AR 036105 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.70.036105 PN 2 PG 11 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 859XS UT WOS:000224302300021 PM 15524585 ER PT J AU Winters, MV Blake, CG Trost, JS Marcello-Brinker, TB Lowe, L Garber, MB Wainner, RS AF Winters, MV Blake, CG Trost, JS Marcello-Brinker, TB Lowe, L Garber, MB Wainner, RS TI Passive versus active stretching of hip flexor muscles in subjects with limited hip extension: A randomized clinical trial SO PHYSICAL THERAPY LA English DT Article DE active and passive stretching; hip flexor muscle; randomized trial ID HAMSTRING MUSCLES; FLEXIBILITY; LENGTH; MOTION; STIFFNESS; INJURY; RANGE AB Background and Purpose. Active stretching is purported to stretch the shortened muscle and simultaneously strengthen the antagonist muscle. The purpose of this study was to determine whether active and passive stretching results in a difference between groups at improving hip extension range of motion in patients with hip flexor muscle tightness. Subjects and Methods. Thirty-three patients with low back pain and lower-extremity injuries who showed decreased range of motion, presumably due to hip flexor muscle tightness, completed the study. The subjects, who had a mean age of 23.6 years (SD=5.3, range=18-25), were randomly assigned to either an active home stretching group or a passive home stretching group. Hip extension range of motion was measured with the subjects in the modified Thomas test position at baseline and 3 and 6 weeks after the start of the study. Results. Range of motion in both groups improved over time, but there were no differences between groups. Discussion and Conclusion. The results indicate that passive and active stretching are equally effective for increasing range of motion, presumably due to increased flexibility of tight hip flexor muscles. Whether the 2 methods equally improve flexibility of other muscle groups or whether active stretching improves the function of,the antagonist muscles is not known. Active and passive stretching both appeared to increase the flexibility of tight hip flexor muscles in patients with musculoskeletal impairments. C1 Baylor Univ, USA, Grad Program Phys Therapy, MCCS,HMT, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Kimbrough Ambulatory Care Ctr, Musculoskeletal Care Clin, Ft George G Meade, MD USA. LaPointe Hlth Clin, Ft Campbell, KY USA. USAF, Bolling AFB, Washington, DC 20330 USA. Womack Army Med Ctr, Ft Bragg, NC USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Phys Therapy, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Wainner, RS (reprint author), Baylor Univ, USA, Grad Program Phys Therapy, MCCS,HMT, 3151 Scott Rd,Room 1303, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM Robert.Wainner@CEN.AMEDD.ARMY.MIL NR 24 TC 31 Z9 36 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMER PHYSICAL THERAPY ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1111 N FAIRFAX ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0031-9023 J9 PHYS THER JI Phys. Ther. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 84 IS 9 BP 800 EP 807 PG 8 WC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation SC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation GA 849TD UT WOS:000223562800002 PM 15330693 ER PT J AU Margrain, TH Boulton, M Marshall, J Sliney, DH AF Margrain, TH Boulton, M Marshall, J Sliney, DH TI Do blue light filters confer protection against age-related macular degeneration? SO PROGRESS IN RETINAL AND EYE RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID RETINAL-PIGMENT EPITHELIUM; SHORT-WAVELENGTH LIGHT; INTRAOCULAR-LENS; ULTRAVIOLET-RADIATION; PHOTOCHEMICAL LESIONS; OPERATING MICROSCOPE; GEOGRAPHIC ATROPHY; OXIDATIVE STRESS; INDUCED DAMAGE; VISIBLE-LIGHT AB Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a major health problem in the developed world accounting for approximately half of all blind registrations. Current treatment options are unsuitable for the majority of patients and therefore the identification of modifiable risk factors that may inform disease prevention programmes is a priority. This review evaluates the long-held belief that blue light exposure has a role in the pathogenesis of AMD. Laboratory evidence has demonstrated that photochemical reactions in the oxygen-rich environment of the outer retina lead to the liberation of cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS). These ROS cause oxidative stress which is known to contribute to the development of AMD. The precise chromopore that may be involved in the pathogenesis of AMD is unclear but the age pigment lipofuscin is a likely candidate. Its aerobic photoreactivity and adverse effects on antioxidant activity combined with its gradual accumulation over time suggests that its in vivo phototoxicity increases with age despite changes in the absorption characteristics of the crystalline lens. Evidence from animal studies confirms blue light's damaging potential but the results are not directly applicable to macular degeneration in humans. Studies of human macular pigment density and the risk of AMD progression following cataract surgery lend further weight to the hypothesis that blue light exposure has a role in the pathogenesis of AMD but the epidemiological evidence is equivocal. On balance the evidences suggests but does not yet confirm that blue light is a risk factor for AMD. Given the socio-economic impact of this disease and urgent need to identify modifiable risk factors, future work should include a large-scale clinical trial to evaluate the effect of blue blocking filters on AMD progression rates. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Wales Coll Cardiff, Sch Optometry & Vis Sci, Cardiff CF10 3NB, S Glam, Wales. St Thomas Hosp, Rayne Inst, Dept Ophthalmol, London SE1 7EH, England. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Margrain, TH (reprint author), Univ Wales Coll Cardiff, Sch Optometry & Vis Sci, Redwood Bldg,King Edward VII Ave, Cardiff CF10 3NB, S Glam, Wales. EM margrainth@cardiff.ac.uk OI Margrain, Tom/0000-0003-1280-0809 NR 77 TC 123 Z9 129 U1 5 U2 31 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1350-9462 J9 PROG RETIN EYE RES JI Prog. Retin. Eye Res. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 23 IS 5 BP 523 EP 531 DI 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2004.05.001 PG 9 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 850XC UT WOS:000223646700003 PM 15302349 ER PT J AU Lee, MS Salsbury, FR Brooks, CL AF Lee, MS Salsbury, FR Brooks, CL TI Constant-pH molecular dynamics using continuous titration coordinates SO PROTEINS-STRUCTURE FUNCTION AND BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article DE pK(alpha); proteins; ovomucoid; BPTI; RNase A; conformational change; free energy ID PANCREATIC TRYPSIN-INHIBITOR; FREE-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; ELECTROSTATIC CALCULATIONS; IONIZATION EQUILIBRIA; GENERALIZED BORN; PROTON-TRANSFER; DIELECTRIC-CONSTANTS; FLUCTUATING CHARGE; SOLVATION ENERGIES AB In this work, we explore the question of whether pK(a) calculations based on a microscopic description of the protein and a macroscopic description of the solvent can be implemented to examine conformationally dependent proton shifts in proteins. To this end, we introduce a new method for performing constant-pH molecular dynamics (PHMD) simulations utilizing the generalized Born implicit solvent model. This approach employs an extended Hamiltonian in which continuous titration coordinates propagate simultaneously with the atomic motions of the system. The values adopted by these coordinates are modulated by potentials of mean force of isolated titratable model groups and the pH to control the proton occupation at particular sites in the polypeptide. Our results for four different proteins yield an absolute average error of similar to1.6 pK units, and point to the role that thermally driven relaxation of the protein environment in the vicinity of titrating groups plays in modulating the local pK(a), thereby influencing the observed pK(1/2) values. While the accuracy of our method is not yet equivalent to methods that obtain pK(1/2) values through the ad hoc scaling of electrostatics, the present approach and constant pH methods in general provide a useful framework for studying pH-dependent phenomena. Further work to improve our model to approach quantitative agreement with experiment is outlined. (C) 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Scripps Res Inst, Dept Mol Biol 3 TPC6, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. Wake Forest Univ, Dept Phys, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Invect Dis, Dept Cell Biol & Biochem, Frederick, MD USA. RP Brooks, CL (reprint author), Scripps Res Inst, Dept Mol Biol 3 TPC6, 10550 N Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. EM brooks@scripps.edu RI Salsbury, Freddie/A-5923-2008 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM20334, GM57513, GM37554, F32 GM020334] NR 70 TC 183 Z9 185 U1 2 U2 29 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0887-3585 J9 PROTEINS JI Proteins PD SEP 1 PY 2004 VL 56 IS 4 BP 738 EP 752 DI 10.1002/prot.20128 PG 15 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 845DQ UT WOS:000223216500011 PM 15281127 ER PT J AU Pastel, RH AF Pastel, RH TI Psychological effects of 'weapons of mass disruption' SO PSYCHIATRIC ANNALS LA English DT Article ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME; QUALITY-OF-LIFE; HONG-KONG; SARS OUTBREAK; ACCIDENT; GOIANIA; MANAGEMENT; RESPONSES; SURVIVORS C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Pastel, RH (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0048-5713 J9 PSYCHIAT ANN JI Psychiatr. Ann. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 34 IS 9 BP 679 EP 686 PG 8 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 852ZW UT WOS:000223796600009 ER PT J AU Ritchie, EC Owens, M AF Ritchie, EC Owens, M TI Military issues SO PSYCHIATRIC CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article ID COMBAT AB This article reviews of some of the lessons in trauma psychiatry learned by the US military through wartime and other trauma experiences during the past century. Current practice in the military's employment of stress control teams is reviewed. The military's efforts to prevent and limit psychological casualties, to include the care of battle casualties and prisoners of war (POWs), are addressed. Recent experiences that have informed further, and are shaping the military's approach to managing the psychological aftermath of trauma (such as the Sept. 11, 2001, attack on the Pentagon and the current war with Iraq) are included. Guidelines developed after 9/11, and articulated in the "Mass Violence and Early Intervention" conference are presented. Finally, current ideas on preparation for and intervention after weapons of mass destruction will be outlined. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20614 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Ritchie, EC (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, 4310 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20614 USA. EM eritchie@usuhs.mil NR 15 TC 13 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0193-953X J9 PSYCHIAT CLIN N AM JI Psychiatr. Clin. North Amer. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 27 IS 3 BP 459 EP + DI 10.1016/j.psc.2004.03.005 PG 14 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 857GB UT WOS:000224103200005 PM 15325487 ER PT J AU Douglas, KM Taylor, AJ O'Malley, PG AF Douglas, KM Taylor, AJ O'Malley, PG TI Relationship between depression and C-reactive protein in a screening population SO PSYCHOSOMATIC MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE C-reactive protein; inflammation; depression; obesity; body mass; cardiovascular disease ID CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK-FACTORS; MIDDLE-AGED MEN; ARTERY-DISEASE; SUBCLINICAL ATHEROSCLEROSIS; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; INFLAMMATORY MARKERS; TOTAL MORTALITY; WOMEN; HEALTHY AB Background: Both depression and C-reactive protein (CRP) are markers of increased risk for cardiovascular events. This study examined the relationship between CRP and depression in a cohort of participants undergoing a periodic physical to assess potential for interaction as either mediation or confounding of effect on cardiovascular risk. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of a cohort of 696 consenting, active duty US Army personnel undergoing a periodic physical. We measured depression using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, the depression module of the self-administered version of the Primary Care Evaluation of Mental Disorders (PRIME-MD). We used a highly sensitive assay to measure CRP. Results: The mean age in the cohort was 44 years (SD +/- 3; 82% male). The mean CRP level was 1.7 mg/l (range, 0.3-9.9; SD +/- 1.6 mg/1). Depression scores ranged from 0 to 26 with a mean of 2 (SD +/- 3). Depression scores correlated with prevalences of major depressive disorder and of any depressive disorder of 3.3% and 15%, respectively. Depression scores correlated positively with CRP levels (r = 0.085;p = .028), as did other variables known to be associated with CRP: body mass index (BMI; r = 0.36), insulin levels (r = 0.22), mean arterial pressure (r = 0.21), triglycericles (r = 0.18), exercise (r = -0.12), female sex (r = 0.097), current smoking status (r = 0.08), and high density lipoprotein (r = -0.09). After controlling only for BMI, the relationship between depression and CRP lost statistical significance among women (adjusted r = 0.08; p = .37), among men (adjusted r = -0.11; p = .8), and overall (adjusted r = 0.047; p = .219). Conclusion: Depressive symptoms are only weakly correlated with CRP. However, after adjusting for BMI, we found no significant relationship between CRP and depression. The relationship between depression and clinical coronary disease is unlikely to be explained through direct effects on CRP levels, but may be mediated by BMI. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Gen Internal Med Serv, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Douglas, KM (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Gen Internal Med Serv, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM kevin.douglas@na.amedd.army.mil NR 46 TC 68 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0033-3174 J9 PSYCHOSOM MED JI Psychosom. Med. PD SEP-OCT PY 2004 VL 66 IS 5 BP 679 EP 683 DI 10.1097/01.psy.0000138132.66332.85 PG 5 WC Psychiatry; Psychology; Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychiatry; Psychology GA 856UJ UT WOS:000224070300009 PM 15385691 ER PT J AU Hubner, ME Ditzler, TF AF Hubner, ME Ditzler, TF TI Humanitarian military medical mission in a postconflict environment: lessons from Cambodia SO PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE civil-military collaboration; non -government organization AB In the aftermath of a genocidal civil war, the Government of Cambodia is left with major deficiencies in its healthcare system. This article recounts a military medical mission to Cambodia; the authors describe the objectives of the mission and provide a summary of the Lessons learned. Specific areas of concern include healthcare infrastructure, logistics, standards of care, social traditions, organizational issues and potential problems in civil-military collaboration. This report is offered as a heuristic device to illuminate some of the issues that can mediate the success of military medical missions in postconflict environments. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The Royal Institute of Public Health. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Adjunct Facil, Ctr Excellence Disaster Management & Humanitarain, Dept Psychiat, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. USAF Med Corps, Med Publ Hlth Unit, Ctr Excellence Disaster Management & Humanitarian, Postconflict Tripler AMC, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Ditzler, TF (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Adjunct Facil, Ctr Excellence Disaster Management & Humanitarain, Dept Psychiat, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. EM thomas.ditzler@haw.tamc.amedd.army.mil NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU W B SAUNDERS CO LTD PI LONDON PA 32 JAMESTOWN RD, LONDON NW1 7BY, ENGLAND SN 0033-3506 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH JI Public Health PD SEP PY 2004 VL 118 IS 6 BP 421 EP 425 DI 10.1016/j.puhe.2003.12.007 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 850XK UT WOS:000223647500006 PM 15313595 ER PT J AU Carlson, CL AF Carlson, CL TI The "'J"' sign SO RADIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INFERIOR GLENOHUMERAL LIGAMENT; ANTERIOR SHOULDER INSTABILITY; HUMERAL AVULSION; JOINT; LESION C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Carlson, CL (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM christian.carlson@cen.amedd.army.mil NR 13 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU RADIOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMERICA PI OAK BROOK PA 820 JORIE BLVD, OAK BROOK, IL 60523 USA SN 0033-8419 J9 RADIOLOGY JI Radiology PD SEP PY 2004 VL 232 IS 3 BP 725 EP 726 DI 10.1148/radiol.2323021239 PG 2 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 848GG UT WOS:000223455000012 PM 15333792 ER PT J AU Pickhardt, PJ Choi, JR Hwang, I Schindler, WR AF Pickhardt, PJ Choi, JR Hwang, I Schindler, WR TI Nonadenomatous polyps at CT colonography: Prevalence, size distribution, and detection rates SO RADIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHIC COLONOGRAPHY; VIRTUAL COLONOSCOPY; COLORECTAL NEOPLASIA; PERFORMANCE-CHARACTERISTICS; ASYMPTOMATIC ADULTS; SCREEN; CANCER AB PURPOSE: To prospectively investigate with computed tomographic (CT) colonography the prevalence and size distribution of nonadenomatous polyps in asymptomatic adults and to compare the detection rates of adenomatous and nonadenomatous polyps. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 1233 asymptomatic adults (mean age, 57.8 years; 505 women, 728 men) underwent same-day CT colonography and optical colonoscopy procedures. CT colonoscopy studies were interpreted prospectively with a primary three-dimensional approach immediately before optical colonoscopy. Statistical analysis was performed with the chi(2) test. Size, prevalence, and by-polyp detection differences were compared between adenomatous and nonadenomatous polyps. RESULTS: Seven hundred fifty-six (57.7%) colorectal polyps identified at optical colonoscopy in 410 (33.3%) patients were nonadenomatous; of these lesions, 622 (82.3%) were diminutive (less than or equal to5 mm). Nonadenomatous polyps accounted for 622 (64.4%) of 966 diminutive lesions and 134 (39.9%) of 344 polyps 6 mm or larger (P < .001). The prevalence rate for nonadenomatous polyps was 8.8% (109 of 1233 patients) and 2.0% (25 of 1233 patients) at 6- and 10-mm thresholds, respectively. CT colonography by-polyp sensitivity for nonadenomatous lesions was 73.1% (98 of 134 patients) and 73.3% (22 of 30 patients) at 6- and 10-mm thresholds, respectively, compared with 85.7% (180 of 210 patients) and 92.2% (47 of 51 patients) for adenomas (P < .01). In 1065 patients that did not have a 6-mm or larger adenoma at optical colonoscopy, CT colonography depicted a nonadenomatous polyp that was 6 mm or larger in 63 (5.9%) patients and a nonadenomatous polyp that was 10 mm or larger in 15 (1.4%) patients. CONCLUSION: More than 80% of nonadenomatous polyps were diminutive, but they accounted for nearly 40% of polyps that were 6 mm or larger. Fortunately, CT colonography is significantly (P < .01) less sensitive in the detection of lesions that have no malignant potential when compared with similar-sized adenomas that have malignant potential. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Madison, WI 53792 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Radiol, Bethesda, MD USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Radiol & Nucl Med, Bethesda, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Gastroenterol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Gastroenterol, San Diego, CA USA. RP Pickhardt, PJ (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Dept Radiol, E3-311 Clin Sci Ctr,600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792 USA. EM ppickhardt@mail.radiology.wisc.edu NR 17 TC 67 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 0 PU RADIOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMERICA PI OAK BROOK PA 820 JORIE BLVD, OAK BROOK, IL 60523 USA SN 0033-8419 J9 RADIOLOGY JI Radiology PD SEP PY 2004 VL 232 IS 3 BP 784 EP 790 DI 10.1148/radiol.2323031614 PG 7 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 848GG UT WOS:000223455000020 PM 15247435 ER PT J AU Beekley, MD Brechue, WF deHoyos, DV Garzarella, L Werber-Zion, G Pollock, ML AF Beekley, MD Brechue, WF deHoyos, DV Garzarella, L Werber-Zion, G Pollock, ML TI Cross-validation of the YMCA submaximal cycle ergometer test to predict VO(2)max SO RESEARCH QUARTERLY FOR EXERCISE AND SPORT LA English DT Article DE estimating aerobic capacity; maximal oxygen consumption; submaximal exercise testing ID GENERALIZED EQUATIONS; BODY DENSITY; PEDAL RATE; EXERCISE; MEN; RESPONSES; VO2MAX; POWER; WOMEN C1 Cent Missouri State Univ, Football Off, Dept Intercollegiate Athlet, Warrensburg, MO 64093 USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Phys Educ, W Point, NY 10996 USA. CUNY, Dept Hlth & Phys Educ, New York, NY USA. Univ Florida, Ctr Exercise Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Brechue, WF (reprint author), Cent Missouri State Univ, Football Off, Dept Intercollegiate Athlet, Warrensburg, MO 64093 USA. EM wbrechue@cmsu1.cmsu.edu NR 21 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 3 U2 49 PU AMER ALLIANCE HEALTH PHYS EDUC REC & DANCE PI RESTON PA 1900 ASSOCIATION DRIVE, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0270-1367 J9 RES Q EXERCISE SPORT JI Res. Q. Exerc. Sport PD SEP PY 2004 VL 75 IS 3 BP 337 EP 342 PG 6 WC Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism; Psychology, Applied; Psychology; Sport Sciences SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Psychology; Sport Sciences GA 853YV UT WOS:000223867800011 PM 15487296 ER PT J AU Page, EH Lunceford, WH AF Page, EH Lunceford, WH TI Special issue on Grand Challenges for modeling and simulation SO SIMULATION-TRANSACTIONS OF THE SOCIETY FOR MODELING AND SIMULATION INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Mitre Corp, Mclean, VA 22101 USA. USA, Model & Simulat Off, Washington, DC USA. RP Page, EH (reprint author), Mitre Corp, 7525 Colshire Dr, Mclean, VA 22101 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0037-5497 J9 SIMUL-T SOC MOD SIM JI Simul.-Trans. Soc. Model. Simul. Int. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 80 IS 9 BP 419 EP 420 DI 10.1177/00375497047324 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA 880XG UT WOS:000225822800001 ER PT J AU Jensen, JO AF Jensen, JO TI Vibrational frequencies and structural determination of digermylcarbodiimide SO SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE vibrations; normal mode frequencies; infrared spectra; Raman spectra; digermylcarbodiimide; N,N '-methanetetraylbisgermanamine; bisgermylcarbodiimide; digermylmethanediimine ID GERMYL DERIVATIVES; SILYL; DENSITY; IMIDE AB The vibrational frequencies and corresponding normal mode assignments of digermylcarbodiinlide are examined theoretically using the Gaussian98 set of quantum chemistry codes. All normal modes were successfully assigned to one of eight types of motion (N=C=N asymmetric stretch, N=C=N symmetric stretch, Ge-H stretch, Ge-N stretch, H-Ge-H bend, GeH3 wag, GeH3 twist, and Ge-(NN)-N-...-Ge torsion) utilizing the C-2 symmetry of the molecule. Uniform scaling factors were derived for each type of motion. Predicted infrared and Raman intensities are reported. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB, RRT,DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Jensen, JO (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB, RRT,DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM jim.jensen@us.army.mil NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1386-1425 J9 SPECTROCHIM ACTA A JI Spectroc. Acta Pt. A-Molec. Biomolec. Spectr. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 60 IS 11 BP 2493 EP 2498 DI 10.1016/j.saa.2003.12.028 PG 6 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA 849GH UT WOS:000223526200010 PM 15294234 ER PT J AU Smith, CB Anderson, JE Webb, SR AF Smith, CB Anderson, JE Webb, SR TI Detection of Bacillus endospores using total luminescence spectroscopy SO SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE total luminescence spectroscopy; excitation-emission matrices; Bacillus endospores ID TERBIUM DIPICOLINATE PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; PSEUDOMONAS-OVALIS; STEADY-STATE; FLUORESCENCE AB Detection and analysis of bacteria from environmental samples (e.g. water, air, and food) are usually accomplished by standard culture techniques or by analyses that target specific DNA sequences, antigens or chemicals. For large cell numbers in aqueous suspensions, an alternative technique that has proven useful is total luminescence spectroscopy (TLS). TLS is the acquisition of fluorescence data that records the unique excitation-emission matrix (EEM) of compound fluorophores. Past work has shown that one type of bacterial endospore, Bacillus megaterium, possessed a distinct EEM pattern useful for differentiating it in complex biological fluids and suspensions. The work described here extends those observations to establish some limits on the sensitivity and specificity of TLS for the detection and analysis of bacterial endospores versus (bacterial) vegetative cells in aqueous culture. Our findings show Bacillus endospores exhibit a dramatic blue shift of 130 nm in excitation and a smaller shift of 50 nm in emission when compared to ancillary endospore and non-endospore forming bacterial cells. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Erdc, TEC, Alexandria, VA 22315 USA. Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Biol, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. RP Smith, CB (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, Erdc, TEC, 7701 Telegraph Rd, Alexandria, VA 22315 USA. EM clint.b.smith@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 25 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1386-1425 J9 SPECTROCHIM ACTA A JI Spectroc. Acta Pt. A-Molec. Biomolec. Spectr. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 60 IS 11 BP 2517 EP 2521 DI 10.1016/j.saa.2003.12.030 PG 5 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA 849GH UT WOS:000223526200014 PM 15294238 ER PT J AU Jensen, JO AF Jensen, JO TI Vibrational frequencies and structural determination of phosphorous tricyanide SO SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE vibrations; normal mode frequencies; infrared spectra; Raman spectra; phosphorus tricyanide; phosphorus cyanide; tricyanophosphine ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; ARSENIC TRICYANIDES; RHODIUM CARBONYLCHLORIDE; STANDARD ENTHALPIES; FORCE-CONSTANTS; RAMAN-SPECTRA; TRICYANOPHOSPHINE; CYANIDES; COMPLEXES; AS(CN)3 AB The normal mode frequencies and corresponding vibrational assignments of phosphorous tricyanide (P(CN)(3)) are examined theoretically using the Gaussian98 set of quantum chemistry codes. Each of the vibrational modes was assigned to one of four types of motion predicted by a group theoretical analysis P-C stretch, Cequivalent toN stretch, P-Cequivalent toC bend, and C-P-C bend) utilizing the C-3v symmetry of the molecule. A uniform scaling factor was derived for each type of motion. Predicted infrared and Raman intensities are reported. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSRB, RRT,DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Jensen, JO (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSRB, RRT,DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM jim.jensen@us.army.mil NR 43 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1386-1425 J9 SPECTROCHIM ACTA A JI Spectroc. Acta Pt. A-Molec. Biomolec. Spectr. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 60 IS 11 BP 2537 EP 2540 DI 10.1016/j.saa.2003.12.032 PG 4 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA 849GH UT WOS:000223526200018 PM 15294241 ER PT J AU Jensen, JO AF Jensen, JO TI Vibrational frequencies and structural determination of tetrafluoroformaldazine SO SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE vibrations; normal mode frequencies; infrared spectra; Raman spectra; difluoromethylenecarbonohydrazonic difluoride; azine carbonyl fluoride; tetrafluoroformaldazine; perfluoro-2,3-diaza-1,3-butadiene ID PERFLUORO-2,3-DIAZABUTA-1,3-DIENE; FLUORINATION; PHOTOLYSIS; DENSITY AB The normal mode frequencies and corresponding vibrational assignments of tetrafluoroformaldazine (F2CNNCF2) are examined theoretically using the Gaussian98 set of quantum chemistry codes. Each of the vibrational modes was assigned to one of nine types of motion predicted by a group theoretical analysis (C-F stretch, Cequivalent toN stretch, N-N stretch, C=C-N bend, CF2 wag, CF2 rock CF2 scissors, CF2 twist, and. C=N-N=C torsion) utilizing the C-2h symmetry of the molecule. Uniform scaling factors was derived for each type of motion. Predicted infrared and Raman intensities are reported. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB, RRT,DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Jensen, JO (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB, RRT,DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM james.jensen@sbccom.apgea.army.mil NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1386-1425 J9 SPECTROCHIM ACTA A JI Spectroc. Acta Pt. A-Molec. Biomolec. Spectr. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 60 IS 11 BP 2541 EP 2545 DI 10.1016/j.saa.2003.12.033 PG 5 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA 849GH UT WOS:000223526200019 PM 15294242 ER PT J AU Jensen, JO AF Jensen, JO TI Vibrational frequencies and structural determination of Al8S12 SO SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE vibrations; normal mode frequencies; infrared spectra; Raman spectra; Al8S12; aluminum sulfide ID SULFIDE AB The normal mode frequencies and corresponding vibrational assignments of Al8S12 in T-h symmetry are examined theoretically using the Gaussian98 set of quantum chemistry codes. All normal modes were successfully assigned to one of four types of motion (Al-S stretch, Al-S-Al bend, S-Al-S bend, and Al-S-Al wag) predicted by a group theoretical analysis. Normal mode frequencies are predicted and calculated infrared intensities and Raman activities are presented. The themodynamics of the reaction 2Al(4)S(6) --> Al8S12 are examined. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V All rights reserved. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSRD, ECB,RT, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Jensen, JO (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSRD, ECB,RT, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM jim.jensen@us.army.mil NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1386-1425 J9 SPECTROCHIM ACTA A JI Spectroc. Acta Pt. A-Molec. Biomolec. Spectr. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 60 IS 11 BP 2547 EP 2552 DI 10.1016/j.saa.2003.12.034 PG 6 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA 849GH UT WOS:000223526200020 PM 15294243 ER PT J AU Jensen, JO AF Jensen, JO TI Vibrational frequencies and structural determination of triethynylmethylstannane SO SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE vibrations; normal mode frequencies; infrared spectra; Raman spectra; triethynylmethylstannane; methyltriethynylstannane ID EXCHANGE; SPECTRA; DENSITY AB The normal mode frequencies and corresponding vibrational assignments of Triethynylmethylstannane (SnCH3(CCH)(3)) are examined theoretically using the Gaussian 98 set of quantum chemistry codes. Each of the vibrational modes was assigned to one of nine types of motion predicted by a group theoretical analysis (Sn-C stretch, Cequivalent toC stretch, C-H stretch, Cequivalent toC-H bend, Sn-Cequivalent toC bend, C-Sn-C bend, H-C-H bend, CH3 wag, and CH3 twist) utilizing the C-3v Symmetry of the molecule. A set of uniform scaling factors was derived for each type of motion. Predicted infrared and Raman intensities are reported. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB, RRT,DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Jensen, JO (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB, RRT,DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM james.jensen@sbccom.apgea.army.mil NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1386-1425 J9 SPECTROCHIM ACTA A JI Spectroc. Acta Pt. A-Molec. Biomolec. Spectr. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 60 IS 11 BP 2561 EP 2566 DI 10.1016/j.saa.2003.12.036 PG 6 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA 849GH UT WOS:000223526200022 PM 15294245 ER PT J AU Jensen, JO AF Jensen, JO TI Vibrational frequencies and structural determination of digermyl ether SO SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE vibrational frequencies; normal modes; infrared spectra; Raman spectra; digermyl ether; digermoxane; oxybisgermane; digermyl oxide; germyl ether ID GROUP-VI ELEMENTS; MOLECULAR STRUCTURES; GERMYL DERIVATIVES; ELECTRON-DENSITY; SPECTRA; SILYL; CHEMISTRY; SULPHIDE; EXCHANGE; SULFIDE AB The normal mode frequencies and corresponding vibrational assignments of digermyl ether in C-2v symmetry are examined theoretically using the Gaussian 98 set of quantum chemistry codes. All normal modes were successfully assigned to one of six types of motion (Ge-H stretch, Ge-O stretch, Ge-O-Ge bend, H-Ge-H bend, GeH3 wag, and GeH3 twist) predicted by a group theoretical analysis. By comparing the vibrational frequencies with IR and Raman spectra available in the literature, a set of scaling factors is derived. Predicted infrared and Raman intensities are reported. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB, RRT,DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Jensen, JO (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB, RRT,DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM jim.jensen@us.army.mil NR 29 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1386-1425 J9 SPECTROCHIM ACTA A JI Spectroc. Acta Pt. A-Molec. Biomolec. Spectr. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 60 IS 11 BP 2581 EP 2585 DI 10.1016/j.saa.2003.12.038 PG 5 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA 849GH UT WOS:000223526200025 PM 15294248 ER PT J AU Carr, JR Hoge, CW Gardner, J Potter, R AF Carr, JR Hoge, CW Gardner, J Potter, R TI Suicide surveillance in the US military - Reporting and classification biases in rate calculations SO SUICIDE AND LIFE-THREATENING BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 154th Annual Meeting of the American-Psychiatric-Association CY MAY 05-10, 2001 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP Amer Psychiat Assoc ID UNITED-STATES-ARMY; PERSONNEL; PREVENTION; PROGRAM; TRENDS; DEATH AB The military has a well-defined population with suicide prevention programs that have been recognized as possible models for civilian suicide prevention efforts. Monitoring prevention programs requires accurate reporting. In civilian settings, several studies have confirmed problems in the reporting and classification of suicides. This analysis evaluated whether suicides were underreported or misclassified under accident or undetermined manner of death in the military system. We reviewed all 1998 and 1999 military deaths using official death reports and compared these data with additional sources, most importantly the DoD Medical Mortality Registry. We assessed for evidence of expressed suicidal intent and past psychiatric history among deaths classified as undetermined and accidents due to gunshot, overdose, drowning, falls, or asphyxia. Using sources other than official records, we found 17% more suicides than were reported, and an additional 4% of deaths that were suspicious for suicide. This study suggests that reporting and classification errors may account for 21% additional suicides in the military. These findings are comparable to rates seen in civilian studies and add to the literature regarding the problems inherent in using administrative death classification data for medical Surveillance purposes. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Med Res & Mat Command, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Washington, DC USA. Off Assistant Secretary Def Hlth Affairs, Deployment Hlth Support Directorate, Falls Church, VA USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, DoD Mortal Surveillance Div, Off Armed Forces Med Examiner, Rockville, MD USA. RP Hoge, CW (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neuropsychiat, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM charles.hoge@na.amedd.army.mil NR 26 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 1 PU GUILFORD PUBLICATIONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 72 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10012 USA SN 0363-0234 J9 SUICIDE LIFE-THREAT JI Suicide Life-Threat. Behav. PD FAL PY 2004 VL 34 IS 3 BP 233 EP 241 DI 10.1521/suli.34.3.233.42785 PG 9 WC Psychiatry; Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychiatry; Psychology GA 861MN UT WOS:000224420900005 PM 15385178 ER PT J AU Zajtchuk, JT Zajtchuk, R Petrovic, JJ Gutz, RP Walrath, BD AF Zajtchuk, JT Zajtchuk, R Petrovic, JJ Gutz, RP Walrath, BD TI Telemedicine information analysis center SO TELEMEDICINE JOURNAL AND E-HEALTH LA English DT Article AB Congress mandated a pilot project to demonstrate the feasibility of establishing a Department of Defense (DoD) telemedicine information analysis center (TIAC). The project developed a medical information support system to show the core capabilities of a TIAC. The productivity and effectiveness of telemedicine researchers and clinical practitioners can be enhanced by the existence of an information analysis center (IACs) devoted to the collection, analysis, synthesis, and dissemination of worldwide scientific and technical information related to the field of telemedicine. The work conducted under the TIAC pilot project establishes the basic IAC functions and assesses the utility of the TIAC to the military medical departments. The pilot project capabilities are Web-based and include: (1) applying the science of classification (taxonomy) to telemedicine to identify key words; (2) creating a relational database of this taxonomy to a bibliographic database using these key words; (3) developing and disseminating information via a public TIAC Web site; (4) performing a specific baseline technical area task for the U.S. Army Medical Command; and (5) providing analyses by subject matter experts. C1 Rush Univ, Med Ctr, Rush Med Coll, Dept Otolaryngol, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. Rush Univ, Med Ctr, Rush Med Coll, Dept Cardiovasc Thorac Surg, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. Rush Univ, Med Ctr, Rush Med Coll, USNR, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. InteleDat Inc, Burr Ridge, IL USA. Rush Univ, Informat Serv Div, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. RP Zajtchuk, R (reprint author), USA, Res & Mat Command, TATRC, Qual Management, MCMR-AT,504 Scott St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM Russ_Zajtchuk@rush.edu NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 1530-5627 J9 TELEMED J E-HEALTH JI Telemed. J. e-Health PD FAL PY 2004 VL 10 IS 3 BP 321 EP 329 PG 9 WC Health Care Sciences & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA 860ZR UT WOS:000224386400007 PM 15650527 ER PT J AU Hill, JV Brown, MC Diebold, CJ Borders, MA Staudenmeier, J Detwiler, HF Francis, DB AF Hill, JV Brown, MC Diebold, CJ Borders, MA Staudenmeier, J Detwiler, HF Francis, DB TI Behavioral health care of isolated military personnel by videoconference SO TELEMEDICINE JOURNAL AND E-HEALTH LA English DT Article ID TELECOMMUNICATIONS; TELEMEDICINE AB The changing role of the military presents a unique challenge for military behavioral health organizations in dealing with the geographic isolation of personnel. Telemedical solutions should help to meet this challenge. In the behavioral health arena, there are many uses for videoconferencing and other communications technology in maintaining continuity when patients or clinicians travel or deploy; assisting isolated behavioral health-care providers and general practitioners; evaluating and treating isolated military personnel; and addressing family issues. Family interventions by videoconference and other communications technology may be particularly useful in treating military personnel and in promoting morale of the fighting force. Although much remains to be researched and proven empirically, anecdotal experience supports the utility of using communications technology to enhance behavioral health interventions. This article describes the clinical videoconference experience within the Department of Psychiatry at Tripler Army Medical Center (TAMC), during a Multinational force deployment to the Sinai, and during training at the joint Readiness Training Center, Fort Polk, Louisiana. A brief discussion of potential legal issues involving videoconferencing in behavioral health is also included. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Hill, JV (reprint author), CMR 411 Box 1892, APO, AE 09112 USA. EM jeffrey.v.hill@us.army.mil RI Dopko, Rae/J-7437-2015 NR 26 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 1530-5627 J9 TELEMED J E-HEALTH JI Telemed. J. e-Health PD FAL PY 2004 VL 10 IS 3 BP 369 EP 373 DI 10.1089/tmj.2004.10.369 PG 5 WC Health Care Sciences & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA 860ZR UT WOS:000224386400011 PM 15650531 ER PT J AU Paris, R Bejrachandra, S Karnasuta, C Chandanayingyong, D Kunachiwa, W Leetrakool, N Prakalapakorn, S Thongcharoen, P Nittayaphan, S Pitisuttithum, P Suriyanon, V Gurunathan, S McNeil, JG Brown, AE Birx, DL de Souza, M AF Paris, R Bejrachandra, S Karnasuta, C Chandanayingyong, D Kunachiwa, W Leetrakool, N Prakalapakorn, S Thongcharoen, P Nittayaphan, S Pitisuttithum, P Suriyanon, V Gurunathan, S McNeil, JG Brown, AE Birx, DL de Souza, M TI HLA class I serotypes and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses among human immunodeficiency virus-1-uninfected Thai volunteers immunized with ALVAC-HIV in combination with monomeric gp120 or oligomeric gp160 protein boosting SO TISSUE ANTIGENS LA English DT Article DE canarypox; cytotoxic T-lymphocyte response; human immunodeficiency virus-1; human leukocyte antigen ID CANARYPOX VACCINE; DISEASE PROGRESSION; AIDS VACCINE; POPULATION; IMMUNOGENICITY; RGP120; RECOGNITION; SUPERTYPE; HLA-B44; SAFETY AB Antigen-induced cellular immunogenicity may vary between populations due to differences in human leukocyte antigen (HLA) diversity and, hence, may play a critical role in the protection afforded by vaccines. In the setting of two, phase I/II human immunodeficiency virus-1 vaccine trials of a recombinant canarypox prime, and boosting with either recombinant monomeric gp120 or oligomeric gp160, we assessed the association between specific human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I serotypes and the presence of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte response measured by Cr-51-release assay. HLA class I serotypes A11, A24, A33, B46, and B75 were the most common, present in 10% or more of 245 individuals studied. Forty of 187 (21.4%) Thai adults who received either ALVAC-HIV with gp120 or oligomeric gp160 or ALVAC alone had a precursor cytolytic CD8 T-cell response (pCTL). HLA-B44 was positively and significantly associated with a pCTL response (odds ratio 7.6, 95% CI: 2.7-21.2), whereas B46 was negatively associated but not robust when adjusted for multiple comparisons. Responses to Env proteins accounted for the majority (nine of 11) of pCTL activity among those persons with B44. This HLA class I serotype occurred in 9.4% of participants overall (including the placebo group), less commonly than what is reported from populations of European ancestry. These results strengthen the importance of assessing HLA class I distributions in conjunction with studies of vaccines designed to elicit cellular immunity in different populations. C1 USA Med Component, Dept Retrovirol, Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Mahidol Univ, Siriraj Hosp, Dept Transfus Med, HLA & DNA Lab, Bangkok 10700, Thailand. Chiang Mai Univ, Fac Associated Med Sci, Chiang Mai 50000, Thailand. Chiang Mai Univ, Fac Med, Blood Bank Sect, HLA Lab, Chiang Mai 50000, Thailand. Royal Thai Army Component, Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Div Res, Bangkok, Thailand. Mahidol Univ, Fac Trop Med, Vaccine Trial Ctr, Bangkok, Thailand. Chiang Mai Univ, Res Inst Hlth Sci, Chiang Mai 50000, Thailand. Aventis Pasteur, Swiftwater, PA USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, Rockville, MD USA. RP Paris, R (reprint author), USA Med Component, Dept Retrovirol, Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, 315-6 Rajvithi Rd, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. EM robert.paris@afrims.org NR 22 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 4 PU BLACKWELL MUNKSGAARD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0001-2815 J9 TISSUE ANTIGENS JI Tissue Antigens PD SEP PY 2004 VL 64 IS 3 BP 251 EP 256 DI 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2004.00270.x PG 6 WC Cell Biology; Immunology; Pathology SC Cell Biology; Immunology; Pathology GA 845EG UT WOS:000223218300005 PM 15304005 ER PT J AU Gross, CL Nipwoda, MT Nealley, EW Smith, WJ AF Gross, CL Nipwoda, MT Nealley, EW Smith, WJ TI Pretreatment of human epidermal keratinocytes in vitro with ethacrynic acid reduces sulfur mustard cytotoxicity SO TOXICOLOGY MECHANISMS AND METHODS LA English DT Article DE cytotoxicity; ethacrynic acid; pretreatment; sulfur mustard ID GLUTATHIONE-S-TRANSFERASE; METABOLISM; CELLS; RAT; GAS AB Sulfur mustard (SM) is a potent alkylating agent, profoundly cytotoxic, and a powerful vesicant. SM reacts quite extensively with glutathione (GSH) and forms GSH conjugates, which are presumably excreted through the mercapturic acid pathway in mammals. It is unknown whether any enzymes, such as the glutathione-S-transferases (GST), are involved in this detoxification of SM by the formation of conjugates. A prototypic inhibitor (ethacrynic acid, EAA) and a prototypic inducer (Oltipraz, OLT) of GSH-S-transferase, have been used as pretreatment compounds in human epidermal keratinocytes (HEK) to investigate the effect of enzyme levels on cytotoxicity following SM challenge from 50 muM to 300 muM. Pretreatment of HEK for 24 h with EAA doubled survival against 200 muM SM (36% viability in non-pretreated cells vs. 81% in EAA-pretreated cells) and quadrupled survival (17% viability in non-pretreated controls vs. 71 % in EAA-pretreated cells), while OLT pretreatment had no effect on cytotoxicity at either SM dose. The role of GST in SM cytotoxicity could not be tested because of the lack of an effect on modulation of GST activities by these 2 drugs. Cellular levels of GSH were increased 250-300% over control values using EAA pretreatment, while OLT pretreatment did not lead to any increase in GSH. Pretreatment of HEK with buthionine sulfoximine (BSO), a known depleter of glutathione levels, reduced glutathione levels and increased cytotoxicity. This large increase in GSH appears to be solely responsible for the enhanced survivability of EAA-pretreated HEK. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Div Pharmacol, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Drug Assessment Div, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Gross, CL (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Div Pharmacol, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM clark.gross@us.army.mil NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1537-6524 J9 TOXICOL MECH METHOD JI Toxicol. Mech. Methods PD SEP-OCT PY 2004 VL 14 IS 5 BP 317 EP 322 DI 10.1080/15376520490434601 PG 6 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 850CQ UT WOS:000223589200008 PM 20021112 ER PT J AU Gonzales, R Dunham, L Mark, O Woodell, P Hall, A Vanbrakle, R Sconce, K Seymour, H Chan, C Feige, L Beardsley, S Craft, D AF Gonzales, R Dunham, L Mark, O Woodell, P Hall, A Vanbrakle, R Sconce, K Seymour, H Chan, C Feige, L Beardsley, S Craft, D TI Validation of the Versatrek blood culture detection system for detection of bacterial contamination of platelets SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 57th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Blood-Banks CY OCT 23-26, 2004 CL Baltimore, MD SP Amer Assoc Blood Banks C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD SEP PY 2004 VL 44 IS 9 SU S BP 47A EP 47A PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 849XS UT WOS:000223575600156 ER PT J AU Rentas, FJ Salata, J Harman, R Childs, J Silva, T Koch, D AF Rentas, FJ Salata, J Harman, R Childs, J Silva, T Koch, D TI Post-thaw storage of red cells affected by the use of different additive solutions SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 57th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Blood-Banks CY OCT 23-26, 2004 CL Baltimore, MD SP Amer Assoc Blood Banks C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, San Diego, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD SEP PY 2004 VL 44 IS 9 SU S BP 61A EP 61A PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 849XS UT WOS:000223575600204 ER PT J AU Rentas, FJ Salata, JM Harman, RW Childs, JJ Silva, T Koch, DH AF Rentas, FJ Salata, JM Harman, RW Childs, JJ Silva, T Koch, DH TI Post-thaw storage of red cells in ethylene vinyl acetate plastic bags results in increased hemolysis SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 57th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Blood-Banks CY OCT 23-26, 2004 CL Baltimore, MD SP Amer Assoc Blood Banks C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. Naval Med Ctr San Diego, San Diego, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD SEP PY 2004 VL 44 IS 9 SU S BP 61A EP 62A PG 2 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 849XS UT WOS:000223575600205 ER PT J AU Rentas, FJ Harman, RW Gomez, C Salata, JM Childs, IJ Silva, T Kennedy, AM Meledandri, CJ O'Sullivan, AM Richards, A Chan, C Jiang, J Reddy, H Goodrich, R AF Rentas, FJ Harman, RW Gomez, C Salata, JM Childs, IJ Silva, T Kennedy, AM Meledandri, CJ O'Sullivan, AM Richards, A Chan, C Jiang, J Reddy, H Goodrich, R TI Inactivation of Orientia tsutsugamushi in red blood cell suspensions with riboflavin and light SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 57th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Blood-Banks CY OCT 23-26, 2004 CL Baltimore, MD SP Amer Assoc Blood Banks C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. Naval Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. Navigant Biotechnol Inc, Lakewood, CO USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD SEP PY 2004 VL 44 IS 9 SU S BP 100A EP 100A PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 849XS UT WOS:000223575600344 ER PT J AU Rentas, FJ Harman, RW Gomez, C Salata, JM Childs, JJ Silva, T Kennedy, AM Meledandri, CJ O'Sullivan, AM Richards, A Chan, C Jiang, J Dupuis, K Sawyer, L AF Rentas, FJ Harman, RW Gomez, C Salata, JM Childs, JJ Silva, T Kennedy, AM Meledandri, CJ O'Sullivan, AM Richards, A Chan, C Jiang, J Dupuis, K Sawyer, L TI Inactivation of Orientia tsutsugamushi using the INTERCEPT Blood System for plasma, as demonstrated in an animal model SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 57th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Blood-Banks CY OCT 23-26, 2004 CL Baltimore, MD SP Amer Assoc Blood Banks C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. Naval Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. Cerus Corp, Concord, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD SEP PY 2004 VL 44 IS 9 SU S BP 104A EP 104A PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 849XS UT WOS:000223575600357 ER PT J AU Elster, EA Hale, DA Mannon, RB Cendales, LC Swanson, SJ Kirk, AD AF Elster, EA Hale, DA Mannon, RB Cendales, LC Swanson, SJ Kirk, AD TI The road to tolerance: renal transplant tolerance induction in nonhuman primate studies and clinical trials SO TRANSPLANT IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE tolerance; costimulation blockade; lymphocyte depletion; mixed chimerism ID REGULATORY T-CELLS; DOSE CYCLOSPORINE MONOTHERAPY; DONOR BONE-MARROW; ALLOGRAFT TOLERANCE; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; MIXED CHIMERISM; LYMPHOHEMATOPOIETIC CHIMERISM; KIDNEY-TRANSPLANTATION; CARDIAC ALLOGRAFTS; MULTIPLE-MYELOMA AB Organ transplantation has become a standard life-saving therapy for many causes of end stage organ failure. Although valuable, it remains hampered by the requirement for, and complications of, immunosuppression to prevent immune rejection of the transplanted organ. It is now clear that rejection can be avoided in some experimental systems without a requirement of immunosuppressive medication, and these experimental concepts are now making their way into the clinic in the form of early transplantation tolerance trials. This manuscript will discuss the most promising techniques for tolerance induction, namely, costimulation blockade, lymphocyte depletion, and mixed chimerism. Seminal preclinical studies will be cited and the results of initial clinical trials will be reviewed. The data to date indicate that while tolerance remains elusive, immunosuppression minimization is a feasible near-term alternative. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 NIDDKD, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Transplantat Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. USN, Naval Med Res Ctr, Radiat & Combat Repair Dept, Washington, DC USA. USA, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Organ Transplant Serv, Washington, DC USA. RP Kirk, AD (reprint author), Room 11s219,Bldg 10 Ctr Dr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RI Kirk, Allan/B-6905-2012 NR 84 TC 28 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0966-3274 J9 TRANSPL IMMUNOL JI Transpl. Immunol. PD SEP-OCT PY 2004 VL 13 IS 2 BP 87 EP 99 DI 10.1016/j.trim.2004.05.010 PG 13 WC Immunology; Transplantation SC Immunology; Transplantation GA 859QJ UT WOS:000224282700003 PM 15380539 ER PT J AU Reed, DS Hensley, LE Geisbert, JB Jahrling, PB Geisbert, TW AF Reed, DS Hensley, LE Geisbert, JB Jahrling, PB Geisbert, TW TI Depletion of peripheral blood T lymphocytes and NK cells during the course of Ebola hemorrhagic fever in cynomolgus macaques SO VIRAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DENDRITIC CELLS; CASPASE ACTIVATION; VIRUS INFECTION; RHESUS MACAQUE; APOPTOSIS; MARBURG; PROLIFERATION; RESPONSES; MEMORY; HELPER AB dDuring the course of an experimentally induced Ebola virus (EBOVA) infection of cynomolgus macaques, peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated and characterized by multi-color flow cytometry. Both CD4(+) and CD8(+) lymphocyte counts decreased 60-70% during the first 4 days after infection. Among CD8(+) lymphocytes, this decline was greatest among the CD8(+) population, which was composed mostly of CD3(-) CD16(+) NK cells. In contrast, the number of CD20(+) B lymphocytes in the blood did not significantly change during the course of the infection. Phenotypic analysis of T lymphocyte subsets by flow cytometry failed to show evidence of a robust immune response to the infection. Apoptosis could be detected as early as day 2 postinfection among the CD8(+) and CD16(+) subsets of lymphocytes. Increased expression of CD95 (Fas) suggests that apoptosis may be induced via signaling through the Fas/Fas-L cascade. In contrast, the number of HLA-DR+ cells increased tenfold in the blood during the course of infection. These data suggest that EBOV may block dendritic cell maturation after infection, thereby inhibiting activation of lymphocytes and eliminating those subsets that are most likely to be capable of mounting an effective response to the virus. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ctr Aerobiol Sci, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Reed, DS (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ctr Aerobiol Sci, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM doug.reed@det.amedd.army.mil OI Reed, Douglas/0000-0003-0076-9023 NR 26 TC 89 Z9 97 U1 0 U2 6 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 0882-8245 J9 VIRAL IMMUNOL JI Viral Immunol. PD FAL PY 2004 VL 17 IS 3 BP 390 EP 400 DI 10.1089/vim.2004.17.390 PG 11 WC Immunology; Virology SC Immunology; Virology GA 854YN UT WOS:000223940000008 PM 15357905 ER PT J AU Bosio, CM Moore, BD Warfield, KL Ruthel, G Mohamadzadeh, M Aman, MJ Bavari, S AF Bosio, CM Moore, BD Warfield, KL Ruthel, G Mohamadzadeh, M Aman, MJ Bavari, S TI Ebola and Marburg virus-like particles activate human myeloid dendritic cells SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE filovirus; virus-like particles; dendritic cell; T cells ID PROTECT GUINEA-PIGS; INFECTION; IMMUNITY; MICE; VP40 AB The filoviruses, Ebola (EBOV) and Marburg (MARV), are potential global health threats, which cause deadly hemorrhagic fevers. Although both EBOV and MARV logarithmically replicate in dendritic cells (I)Cs), these viruses do not elicit DC cytokine secretion and fail to activate and mature infected DCs. Here, we employed virus-like particles (VLPs) of EBOV and MARV to investigate whether these genome-free particles maintain similar immune evasive properties as authentic filoviruses. Confocal microscopy indicated that human myeloid-derived DCs readily took up VLPs. However, unlike EBOV and MARV, VLPs induced maturation of DCs including upregulation of costimulatory molecules (CD40, CD80, CD86), major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and 11 surface antigens, and the late DC maturation marker CD83. The chemokine receptors CCR5 and CCR7 were also modulated on VLP-stimulated DCs, indicating that DC could migrate following VLP exposure. Furthermore, VLPs also elicited DC secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-alpha, IL-8, IL-6, and MIP-1alpha. Most significantly, in stark contrast to DC treated with intact EBOV or MARV, DC stimulated with EBOV or MARV VLPs showed enhanced ability to support human T-cell proliferation in an allogenic mixed lymphocyte response (MLR). Thus, our findings suggest that unlike EBOV and MARV, VLPs are effective stimulators of DCs and have potential in enhancing innate and adaptive immune responses. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Cell Biol & Biochem, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. Clin Res Management, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Louisiana State Univ, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Parasitol, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. RP Bavari, S (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Cell Biol & Biochem, 1425 Porter St, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. EM sina.bavari@amedd.army.mil RI Bosio, Catharine/D-7456-2015 NR 35 TC 65 Z9 75 U1 1 U2 13 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD SEP 1 PY 2004 VL 326 IS 2 BP 280 EP 287 DI 10.1016/j.virol.2004.05.025 PG 8 WC Virology SC Virology GA 848GB UT WOS:000223454500007 PM 15302213 ER PT J AU Zhang, SS Ervin, MH Xu, K Jow, TR AF Zhang, SS Ervin, MH Xu, K Jow, TR TI Microporous poly (acrylonitrile-methyl methacrylate) membrane as a separator of rechargeable lithium battery SO ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE poly(acrylonitrile-methyl methacrylate); microporous membrane; gel polymer electrolyte; microporous gel electrolyte; separator ID LI-ION BATTERIES; POLY(VINYLIDENE FLUORIDE); DIFFUSION-COEFFICIENT; PHASE-SEPARATION; ELECTROLYTES; GEL; CONDUCTIVITY; CELLS; MECHANISMS; LIMN2O4 AB We studied microporous poly(acrylonitrile-methyl methacrylate), AMMA, membrane as the separator of Li/LiMn2O4 cell. The porous AMMA membrane was prepared by the phase inversion method with N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) as the solvent and water as the non-solvent. We observed that morphology of the resulting membrane was strongly affected by the concentration of polymer solution: low concentration produced finger-like pores with dense skin on two surfaces of the membrane, while high concentration yielded open voids with dense layer on the other surface of the membrane. Regardless of their morphology, both membranes could be rapidly wetted by the liquid electrolyte (1.0 m LiBF4 dissolved in 1:3 wt.% mixture of ethylene carbonate (EC) and gamma-butyrolactone (GBL)), and could be swollen at elevated temperatures, which resulted in the formation of a microporous gel electrolyte (MGE). It was shown that the resulting MGE not only had high ionic conductivity and but also had good compatibility with metal lithium even at 60 degreesC. Cyclic voltammetric test showed that the MGE had an electrochemical window of 4.9 V versus Li+/Li. At room temperature, the Li/MGE/LiMn2O4 cell showed excellent cycliability with a specific capacity of 121-125 mA h g(-1) LiMn2O4. It was shown that even at 60degreesC good mechanical strength of the MGE remained. Therefore, the MGE is suitable for the application of battery separator at elevated temperatures. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Zhang, SS (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM szhang@arl.army.mil RI Zhang, Sheng/A-4456-2012; Xu, Kang/C-6054-2013 OI Zhang, Sheng/0000-0003-4435-4110; NR 31 TC 46 Z9 57 U1 1 U2 39 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0013-4686 J9 ELECTROCHIM ACTA JI Electrochim. Acta PD AUG 30 PY 2004 VL 49 IS 20 BP 3339 EP 3345 DI 10.1016/j.electacta.2004.02.045 PG 7 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA 828TO UT WOS:000221996400008 ER PT J AU Johnson, L Perkins, FK O'Hearn, T Skeath, P Merritt, C Frieble, J Sadda, S Humayun, M Scribner, D AF Johnson, L Perkins, FK O'Hearn, T Skeath, P Merritt, C Frieble, J Sadda, S Humayun, M Scribner, D TI Electrical stimulation of isolated retina with microwire glass electrodes SO JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE METHODS LA English DT Article DE retinal prosthesis; isolated retina; stimulating electrodes; blindness; channel glass ID LOGISTIC-REGRESSION; VISUAL-PERCEPTION; PROSTHESIS; BLIND; DURATION; NERVE AB The development of high-resolution retina] prostheses fabricated from silicon wafers presents an interesting problem: how to electrically bridge the space between the flat silicon wafer and the curved retinal surface. One potential "bridge" is a microwire glass electrode. In this paper we present our results in evaluating microwire glass electrodes. We stimulated isolated rabbit retina (n = 5) with a 0.0256 cm(2) microwire electrode. The current and pulse duration were varied from 498 to 1660 muA and 0.1 to 3 ms, respectively. We found that short pulses produced more spikes per coulomb and longer pulses produced more spikes per milliamp. The optimal pulse duration range of 0.7-1 ms was identified as a compromise between the advantages of short and long pulses. Stimulation of isolated rabbit retina with microwire glass results in consistent neuronal spike formation at safe charge density, 20.7 +/- 14.3 muC/cm(2). We also examined the response of retinas (n = 6) to stimulation with a smaller microwire electrode, 0.0002 cm(2). We found that less current was required (15 muA versus 756 muA) for a I ms pulse, but at the expense of greater charge density (75 muC/cm(2) versus 29.5 muC/cm(2)). Nonetheless, a 128-fold reduction in area resulted in only a 2.7-fold increase in charge density required for a 1 ms pulse duration. The results presented here indicate that microwire glass can be used as a neural stimulating electrode to bridge the gap between flat microelectronic stimulator chips and curved neuronal tissue. (C) 2004 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USA, Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Wilmer Eye Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Univ So Calif, Doheny Eye Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. RP Johnson, L (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. EM ljj@ccs.nrl.navy.mil NR 33 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-0270 J9 J NEUROSCI METH JI J. Neurosci. Methods PD AUG 30 PY 2004 VL 137 IS 2 BP 265 EP 273 DI 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2004.02.035 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Neurosciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 845KZ UT WOS:000223242800018 PM 15262070 ER PT J AU Kaplan, KJ Dainty, LA Dolinsky, B Rose, GS Carlson, J McHale, M Elkas, JC AF Kaplan, KJ Dainty, LA Dolinsky, B Rose, GS Carlson, J McHale, M Elkas, JC TI Prognosis and recurrence risk for patients with cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions diagnosed during pregnancy SO CANCER CYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions; high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions; cervical lesions; pregnancy ID INTRA-EPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA; 2001 CONSENSUS GUIDELINES; CYTOLOGIC FINDINGS; MANAGEMENT; COLPOSCOPY; REGRESSION; PREVALENCE; WOMEN; EXPERIENCE; DYSPLASIA AB BACKGROUND. in the current study, the authors sought to examine the prognosis 2 and recurrence risk for patients with cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions 2 (SILs) diagnosed during pregnancy. METHODS. A retrospective review of all women who gave birth at Walter Reed Army Medical Center (Washington, DC) or the National Naval Medical Center (Bethesda, MD) between 1986 and 1997 was performed. One hundred fifty-seven patients with SILs who under-went antepartum and postpartum evaluation were identified from a total of 6248 records of birth at these two institutions. Patient demographics and cervical cytology and histology were reviewed. RESULTS, One-hundred twenty-nine patients were diagnosed with low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSILs) antepartum. Of these patients, 49 (38%) had a previous history of abnormal cervical cytology (30 LSILs and 19 high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions [HSILs]). Twenty-eight patients were diagnosed with HSIL antepartum. Of these patients, 24 (86%) had a history of abnormal cervical cytology. Sixty-two percent of patients with antepartum LSILs had disease regression postpartum, 32% had persistent LSILs postpartum, and 6% experienced progression of an LSIL to an HSIL. All cases of HSIL that were diagnosed antepartum persisted on postpartum cytologic examination. Three patients were found to have microinvasive squamous cell carcinoma after postpartum conization. Five years of follow-up data were available for 98 patients (60%), 78 of whom had antepartum LSILs and 20 of whom had antepartum HSILs. Sixty percent of patients with antepartum LSILs detected on Pap smear developed recurrent LSILs within 5 years, and all 20 patients with antepartum HSILs developed recurrent HSILs within 5 years. CONCLUSIONS. Most cases of LSIL regressed or remained stable during pregnancy. All cases of HSIL diagnosed antepartum persisted in the postpartum period, and 11% of patients with antepartum HSILs were found to have invasive carcinoma postpartum. High rates of recurrence for both LSIL and HSIL were noted 2-5 years after the diagnosis of SIL in the antepartum. Published 2004 by the American Cancer Society. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. USN Hosp, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. RP Kaplan, KJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, 6900 Georgia Ave NW,Ward 47,Off 4705, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM keith.kaplan@na.amedd.army.mil NR 28 TC 27 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0008-543X J9 CANCER CYTOPATHOL JI Cancer Cytopathol. PD AUG 25 PY 2004 VL 102 IS 4 BP 228 EP 232 DI 10.1002/cncr.20428 PG 5 WC Oncology; Pathology SC Oncology; Pathology GA 847LG UT WOS:000223393400005 PM 15368314 ER PT J AU Tordesillas, A Peters, JF Gardiner, BS AF Tordesillas, A Peters, JF Gardiner, BS TI Shear band evolution and accumulated microstructural development in Cosserat media SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL AND ANALYTICAL METHODS IN GEOMECHANICS LA English DT Article DE anisotropy; constitutive relations; deformation; fabric/structure of soils; failure; strain localization ID GRANULAR MEDIA; BIAXIAL TESTS; SAND; FAILURE AB This paper prepares the ground for the continuum analysis of shear band evolution using a Cosserat/micropolar constitutive equation derived from micromechanical considerations. The nature of the constitutive response offers two key advantages over other existing models. Firstly, its non-local character obviates the mathematical difficulties of traditional analyses, and facilitates an investigation of the shear band evolution (i.e. the regime beyond the onset of localization). Secondly, the constitutive model parameters are physical properties of particles and their interactions (e.g. particle stiffness coefficients, coefficients of inter-particle rolling friction and sliding friction), as opposed to poorly understood fitting parameters. In this regard, the model is based on the same material properties used as model inputs to a discrete element (DEM) analysis, therefore, the micromechanics approach provides the vehicle for incorporating results not only from physical experiments but also from DEM simulations. Although the capabilities of such constitutive models are still limited, much can be discerned from their general rate form. In this paper, an attempt is made to distinguish between those aspects of the continuum theory of localization that are independent of the constitutive model, and those that require significant advances in the understanding of micromechanics. Copyright (C) 2004 John Wiley Sons, Ltd. C1 Univ Melbourne, Dept Math & Stat, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia. USA, Corps Engineers, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Tordesillas, A (reprint author), Univ Melbourne, Dept Math & Stat, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia. EM atordesi@ms.unimelb.edu.au RI Gardiner, Bruce/C-8593-2012; OI Gardiner, Bruce/0000-0001-8770-5908 NR 29 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 6 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0363-9061 J9 INT J NUMER ANAL MET JI Int. J. Numer. Anal. Methods Geomech. PD AUG 25 PY 2004 VL 28 IS 10 BP 981 EP 1010 DI 10.1002/nag.343 PG 30 WC Engineering, Geological; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Engineering; Materials Science; Mechanics GA 846FY UT WOS:000223302200001 ER PT J AU Burns, A Hayes, G Li, W Hirvonen, J Demaree, JD Shah, SI AF Burns, A Hayes, G Li, W Hirvonen, J Demaree, JD Shah, SI TI Neodymium ion dopant effects on the phase transformation in sol-gel derived titania nanostructures SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING B-SOLID STATE MATERIALS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE titanium dioxide; neodymium; doping effects; phase transitions; sol-gel ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; NANOCRYSTALLINE TIO2; PARTICLES; NANOPARTICLES; TRANSITION; STABILITY; METAL; RADII; FILMS AB Doped and undoped nanostructured titanium dioxide was synthesized via a sol-gel method under varying conditions to determine the effects of neodymium ion doping on the titania lattice. Specifically, the effects of doping on the anatase to rutile phase transformation were studied. Samples were analyzed by a variety of techniques, including X-ray diffraction, Rutherford back-scattering spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry to investigate the thermodynamic and structural effects of dopant addition. Analysis of the anatase to rutile phase transformation in TiO2 showed a maximum increase in activation energy for 0.1 mol% Nd3+ doped TiO2 with no further response at higher dopant concentrations. This was supported by structural analyses, which showed distortion only along the c-axis of anatase TiO2 with a maximal distortion at 0.1 mol% Nd3+ and no further response at higher concentration. This is due to a combination of interstitial and substitutional accommodation of the dopant ions. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Delaware, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. Univ Delaware, Dept Chem & Biochem, Newark, DE 19716 USA. Univ Delaware, Dept Mech Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA. RP Shah, SI (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 208 Dupont Hall, Newark, DE 19716 USA. EM ismat@udel.edu NR 34 TC 82 Z9 86 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5107 J9 MAT SCI ENG B-SOLID JI Mater. Sci. Eng. B-Solid State Mater. Adv. Technol. PD AUG 25 PY 2004 VL 111 IS 2-3 BP 150 EP 155 DI 10.1016/j.mseb.2004.04.008 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 847FC UT WOS:000223377100009 ER PT J AU Bres, GA Brentner, KS Perez, G Jones, HE AF Bres, GA Brentner, KS Perez, G Jones, HE TI Maneuvering rotorcraft noise prediction SO JOURNAL OF SOUND AND VIBRATION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT American-Helicopter-Society-International Specialists Meeting on Aerodynamics, Acoustics and Test and Evaluation CY JAN 23-25, 2002 CL San Francisco, CA SP Amer Helicopter Soc Int AB This paper presents the unique aspects of the development of an entirely new maneuver noise prediction code called PSU-WOPWOP. The main focus of this work is development of a noise prediction methodology, which will enable the study of the aeroacoustic aspects a rotorcraft in maneuvering flight. It is assumed that the aeromechanical data (namely aircraft and blade motion, blade airloads) are provided as input data. This new noise prediction capability was developed for rotors in steady and transient maneuvering flight. Featuring an object-oriented design, the PSU-WOPWOP code allows great flexibility for complex rotor configuration and motion (including multiple rotors and full aircraft motion). The relative locations and number of hinges, flexures, and body motions can be arbitrarily specified to match any specific rotorcraft. An analysis of algorithm efficiency was performed for maneuver noise prediction along with a description of the tradeoffs made specifically for the maneuvering noise problem. Noise predictions for the mainrotor of a rotorcraft in steady descent, transient (arrested) descent, hover and a "pop-up" maneuver are demonstrated. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Penn State Univ, Dept Aerosp Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. USA, NASA, Aeroflightdynam Directorate, Aviat & Missile Command,Langley Res Ctr,AMRDEC, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. RP Penn State Univ, Dept Aerosp Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM ksbrentner@psu.edu NR 16 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0022-460X EI 1095-8568 J9 J SOUND VIB JI J. Sound Vibr. PD AUG 23 PY 2004 VL 275 IS 3-5 BP 719 EP 738 DI 10.1016/j.jsv.2003.07.005 PG 20 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Acoustics; Engineering; Mechanics GA 837PU UT WOS:000222648500014 ER PT J AU Haverkos, HW AF Haverkos, HW TI Viruses, chemicals and co-carcinogenesis SO ONCOGENE LA English DT Article DE co-carcinogenesis; oncogenic viruses; chemical carcinogens; cervical cancer; hepatocellular cancer; Kaposi's sarcoma ID INVASIVE CERVICAL-CANCER; HERPES-SIMPLEX-VIRUS; HEPATITIS-B-VIRUS; SARCOMA-ASSOCIATED HERPESVIRUS; KAPOSIS-SARCOMA; HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS; HEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMA; RISK-FACTORS; CIGARETTE-SMOKING; INFECTED WOMEN AB The etiology of cancers appears to be complex and multifactorial. Peyton Rous and others demonstrated the process of co-carcinogenesis by exposing rabbits to a virus and tars. Epidemiologists have proposed virus-chemical interactions to cause several cancers. For example, one might propose that the etiology of cervical cancer results from a complex interplay between oncogenic viruses and cervical tar exposures through tar-based vaginal douching, cigarette smoking, and/or long-term cooking over wood-burning stoves in poorly ventilated kitchens. Hepatocellular carcinoma may result from the joint effects of viruses and hepatotoxic chemical carcinogens. Kaposi's sarcoma might happen following reciprocal actions of human herpes virus-8 infection, immunosuppression, and chemical exposures, such as nitrite radicals and alumino-silicates. Use of Koch's postulates will not help one prove or disprove a multifactorial causation of disease; new criteria are needed. Delineating the web of causation may lead to additional strategies for prevention and treatment of several cancers. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Infect Dis Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Haverkos, HW (reprint author), 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. EM haverkosh@cder.fda.gov NR 92 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0950-9232 J9 ONCOGENE JI Oncogene PD AUG 23 PY 2004 VL 23 IS 38 BP 6492 EP 6499 DI 10.1038/sj.onc.1207822 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Oncology; Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Oncology; Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 848LJ UT WOS:000223468800014 PM 15322520 ER PT J AU Adams, JW Patel, P Pallone, A AF Adams, JW Patel, P Pallone, A TI Spectroscopy of aluminum oxynitride (AlON) ceramics. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 228th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 22-26, 2004 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USA, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM Jadams@arl.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2004 VL 228 MA 584-PHYS BP U287 EP U288 PN 2 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 851VJ UT WOS:000223713801535 ER PT J AU Butkus, MA Labare, MP Talbot, ME AF Butkus, MA Labare, MP Talbot, ME TI Practical considerations for inactivation of viruses with silver and UV radiation. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 228th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 22-26, 2004 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Geog & Environm Engn, W Point, NY 10996 USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Chem & Life Sci, W Point, NY 10996 USA. EM Michael.Butkus@usma.edu; bm8342@usma.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2004 VL 228 MA 059-ENVR BP U551 EP U551 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 851UZ UT WOS:000223712802336 ER PT J AU Carlacci, L Olson, M AF Carlacci, L Olson, M TI Structure and thermodynamic model of the binding of botulinum neurotoxin type a inhibitors computed by Monte Carlo methods of docking and thermodynamic evaluation. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 228th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 22-26, 2004 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, NetworkCS, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Cell Biol & Biochem, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM lcarlacc@ahpcrc.org NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2004 VL 228 MA 205-COMP BP U531 EP U531 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 851UZ UT WOS:000223712802231 ER PT J AU Dey, T LaScala, JJ Palmese, GR AF Dey, T LaScala, JJ Palmese, GR TI Structure-property relationship of vinyl ester resins causing reduced VOC emission. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 228th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 22-26, 2004 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Drexel Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. USA, Ballist Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM td53@drexel.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2004 VL 228 MA 109-COLL BP U467 EP U467 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 851UZ UT WOS:000223712801854 ER PT J AU Drew, C Wang, XY Bruno, F Ku, BC Samuelson, L Kumar, J AF Drew, C Wang, XY Bruno, F Ku, BC Samuelson, L Kumar, J TI Electrostatic layer-by-layer assembly of polyelectrolytes on surface functionalized electrospun nanofibers and metal oxide deposition. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 228th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 22-26, 2004 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USA, Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Dept Chem, Polymer Sci Program, Ctr Adv Mat, Lowell, MA USA. USA, Soldier & Biol Chem Comand, Mat Sci Team, Natick, MA USA. EM cdrew98@yahoo.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2004 VL 228 MA 513-PMSE BP U508 EP U508 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 851VJ UT WOS:000223713802670 ER PT J AU Freerks, R Muzzell, PA AF Freerks, R Muzzell, PA TI Production and characterization of synthetic jet fuel produced from Fischer-Tropsch hydrocarbons. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 228th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 22-26, 2004 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Syntroleum Corp, Tulsa, OK 74119 USA. USA, Natl Automot Ctr, US Dept Def, RDECOM,TARDEC, Warren, MI 48152 USA. EM rfreerks@syntroleum.com; pat.muzzell@us.army.mil NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2004 VL 228 MA 50-PETR BP U177 EP U177 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 851VJ UT WOS:000223713800912 ER PT J AU Gaddy, GA Bratcher, MS Korchev, AS Malone, K McLain, JL Slaten, BL Mills, G Demaree, JD Kosik, WE Trevino, SF AF Gaddy, GA Bratcher, MS Korchev, AS Malone, K McLain, JL Slaten, BL Mills, G Demaree, JD Kosik, WE Trevino, SF TI Characterization of photoinduced metallic Ag and Au in pores of Vycor (R) glass. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 228th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 22-26, 2004 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Auburn Univ, Dept Chem, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. Auburn Univ, Dept Consumer Affairs, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM ggaddy@arl.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2004 VL 228 MA 720-INOR BP U890 EP U890 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 851UZ UT WOS:000223712803755 ER PT J AU Galvin, M Niazimbetova, ZI Christian, HY Bhandari, YJ Vaidyanathan, S Beyer, FL AF Galvin, M Niazimbetova, ZI Christian, HY Bhandari, YJ Vaidyanathan, S Beyer, FL TI Novel electroactive polymers. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 228th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 22-26, 2004 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Univ Delaware, Newark, DE 19716 USA. Army Res Lab, AMSRL, WM, MA, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2004 VL 228 MA 123-PMSE BP U433 EP U433 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 851VJ UT WOS:000223713802282 ER PT J AU Gu, ZF Januszkiewicz, AJ AF Gu, ZF Januszkiewicz, AJ TI Effects of brief exposure to hydrogen chloride on breathing pattern in conscious rats. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 228th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 22-26, 2004 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Resp Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM zengfa.gu@na.amedd.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2004 VL 228 MA 072-TOXI BP U386 EP U386 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 851UZ UT WOS:000223712801659 ER PT J AU Immoos, CE Grinstaff, MW AF Immoos, CE Grinstaff, MW TI Conformationally-gated electrochemical gene detection: The hairpin and wrap assays. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 228th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 22-26, 2004 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Calif Polytech State Univ San Luis Obispo, Dept Chem & Biochem, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407 USA. USA, Res Off, Washington, DC USA. Boston Univ, Metcalf Ctr Sci & Engn, Dept Biomed Engn, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Boston Univ, Metcalf Ctr Sci & Engn, Dept Chem, Boston, MA 02215 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2004 VL 228 MA 728-INOR BP U891 EP U892 PN 1 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 851UZ UT WOS:000223712803763 ER PT J AU Ku, BC Yang, K Kim, DW Samuelson, L Kumar, J AF Ku, BC Yang, K Kim, DW Samuelson, L Kumar, J TI Characterization and application of amphiphilic polyacetylenes in methanol/water mixture. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 228th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 22-26, 2004 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Univ Massachusetts Lowell, Dept Chem, Polymer Sci Program, Ctr Adv Mat, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Ctr Adv Mat, Dept Phys, Lowell, MA USA. Korea Res Inst Chem Technol, Adv Mat Div, Seoul, South Korea. USA, RDECOM, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA USA. Univ Massachusetts, Dept Chem & Phys, Lowell, MA USA. EM bc_ku@yahoo.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2004 VL 228 MA 252-POLY BP U362 EP U362 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 851VJ UT WOS:000223713801929 ER PT J AU La Scala, JJ Sands, JM Palmese, GR Orlicki, JA Robinette, EJ AF La Scala, JJ Sands, JM Palmese, GR Orlicki, JA Robinette, EJ TI Fatty acid monomers as styrene replacements for liquid molding resins. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 228th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 22-26, 2004 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USA, Div Mat, Multifunct Mat Branch, Res Lab,Transparent Armor, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Drexel Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Philadelphia, PA USA. EM jlascala@arl.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2004 VL 228 MA 050-CELL BP U242 EP U242 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 851UZ UT WOS:000223712801093 ER PT J AU La Scala, JJ Lee, J Sands, JM Palmese, GR AF La Scala, JJ Lee, J Sands, JM Palmese, GR TI Cure and properties of fatty acid-based polymers. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 228th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 22-26, 2004 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USA, Res Lab, Div Mat, Multifunct Mat Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Drexel Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Philadelphia, PA USA. EM jlascala@arl.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2004 VL 228 MA 521-PMSE BP U509 EP U509 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 851VJ UT WOS:000223713802678 ER PT J AU La Scala, JJ Pokhrel, P Piehler, LT Mallick, G Rawlett, AM Karna, SP AF La Scala, JJ Pokhrel, P Piehler, LT Mallick, G Rawlett, AM Karna, SP TI Stabilization of lipid membranes with dendritic polymers. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 228th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 22-26, 2004 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USA, Res Lab, Div Mat, Multifunct Mat Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. USA, Res Lab, Ballist Weap Concepts Div, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM jlascala@arl.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2004 VL 228 MA 506-PMSE BP U507 EP U507 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 851VJ UT WOS:000223713802663 ER PT J AU Lee, IC Krummenacher, JJ Dreyer, B Schmidt, LD AF Lee, IC Krummenacher, JJ Dreyer, B Schmidt, LD TI Logistic reformation of hydrocarbon mixtures and jet fuel. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 228th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 22-26, 2004 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRD, ARL,SE,DC,Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Univ Minnesota, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2004 VL 228 MA 198-FUEL BP U683 EP U683 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 851UZ UT WOS:000223712802823 ER PT J AU Lee, MS Olson, M AF Lee, MS Olson, M TI New hybrid explicit/implicit solvent method for biomolecular simulations. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 228th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 22-26, 2004 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Cell Biol & Biochem, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2004 VL 228 MA 040-COMP BP U507 EP U507 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 851UZ UT WOS:000223712802069 ER PT J AU Muzzell, PA Freerks, R Baltrus, JP Link, DD AF Muzzell, PA Freerks, R Baltrus, JP Link, DD TI Composition of syntroleum S-5 and conformance to JP-5 specification. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 228th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 22-26, 2004 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USA, Natl Automot Ctr, US Dept Def, RDECOM,TARDEC, Warren, MI 48152 USA. Syntroleum Corp, Stillwater, OK 74119 USA. US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. EM pat.muzzell@us.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2004 VL 228 MA 51-PETR BP U177 EP U177 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 851VJ UT WOS:000223713800913 ER PT J AU Nagarajan, R Bruno, FF Samuelson, LA Kumar, J AF Nagarajan, R Bruno, FF Samuelson, LA Kumar, J TI Thiophene oligomer as a 'redox mediator' for the biocatalytic synthesis of Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) [PEDOT]. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 228th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 22-26, 2004 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Univ Massachusetts Lowell, Dept Chem, Ctr Adv Mat, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. USA, Mat Sci Team, RDECOM, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA USA. EM ram@uml.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2004 VL 228 MA 486-POLY BP U398 EP U398 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 851VJ UT WOS:000223713802160 ER PT J AU Napadensky, EG Sloan, JM AF Napadensky, EG Sloan, JM TI Breathability and slectivity of selected polymer membranes for chemical protective clothing. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 228th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 22-26, 2004 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USA, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Res Lab, Polymers Res Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21009 USA. Drexel Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Philadelphia, PA USA. EM enapade@arl.mil RI Elabd, Yossef/G-9866-2014 OI Elabd, Yossef/0000-0002-7790-9445 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2004 VL 228 MA 407-PMSE BP U491 EP U491 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 851VJ UT WOS:000223713802564 ER PT J AU Orlicki, JA Jensen, RE Bratcher, MS McKnight, SH Sands, JM La Scala, JJ Palmese, GR AF Orlicki, JA Jensen, RE Bratcher, MS McKnight, SH Sands, JM La Scala, JJ Palmese, GR TI Towards soluble volatile organic compound suppressants for vinyl-ester resins. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 228th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 22-26, 2004 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USA, Res Lab, Div Mat, Multifunct Mat Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. USA, Res Lab, AMSRL WM MA, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Drexel Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Philadelphia, PA USA. EM jorlicki@arl.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2004 VL 228 MA 360-PMSE BP U468 EP U468 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 851VJ UT WOS:000223713802518 ER PT J AU Rawlett, AM AF Rawlett, AM TI Advances in molecular electronics: A molecular toolbox. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 228th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 22-26, 2004 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USA, Res Lab, Multifunct Mat Branch, Div Mat, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM arawlett@arl.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2004 VL 228 MA 758-INOR BP U896 EP U896 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 851UZ UT WOS:000223712803793 ER PT J AU Sausa, RC Anderson, WR Venizelos, DT AF Sausa, RC Anderson, WR Venizelos, DT TI Advanced flame diagnostics and chemical kinetic modeling. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 228th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 22-26, 2004 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL WM BD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM sausa@arl.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2004 VL 228 MA 475-PHYS BP U271 EP U271 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 851VJ UT WOS:000223713801427 ER PT J AU Smith, P AF Smith, P TI Recent advances for ammunition coatings. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 228th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 22-26, 2004 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USA, Ballist Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Div, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. USA, Ballist Res Lab, Div Mat, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM pmsith@arl.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2004 VL 228 MA 007-CHAS BP U302 EP U303 PN 1 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 851UZ UT WOS:000223712801162 ER PT J AU Snyder, JF Carter, RH Wetzel, ED AF Snyder, JF Carter, RH Wetzel, ED TI Combining structure and power in battery materials. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 228th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 22-26, 2004 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USA, Res Lab, Div Mat, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM jsnyder@arl.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2004 VL 228 MA 365-PMSE BP U469 EP U469 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 851VJ UT WOS:000223713802523 ER PT J AU Snyder, JF AF Snyder, JF TI Developing rigid polymer electrolytes. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 228th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 22-26, 2004 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USA, Res Lab, Div Mat, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM jsnyder@arl.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2004 VL 228 MA 132-POLY BP U345 EP U345 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 851VJ UT WOS:000223713801809 ER PT J AU Wang, XY Orlicki, JA Drew, C McKnight, SH Samuelson, L Kumar, J AF Wang, XY Orlicki, JA Drew, C McKnight, SH Samuelson, L Kumar, J TI Phase migration of fluorescently-tagged hyperbranched probe in electrospun fiber for optical sensors. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 228th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 22-26, 2004 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Univ Massachusetts, Dept Chem, Ctr Adv Mat, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Ctr Adv Mat, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. USA, Div Mat, Multifunct Mat Branch, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Dept Army, US Soldier Chem Biol Command, Natick, MA USA. EM xianyan_w@yahoo.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2004 VL 228 MA 240-PMSE BP U451 EP U451 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 851VJ UT WOS:000223713802399 ER PT J AU Schneider, NS Rivin, D AF Schneider, NS Rivin, D TI Interaction of dimethyl methylphosphonate with Nafion in acid and cation modifications SO POLYMER LA English DT Article DE sorption kinetics; Nafion; transition ID PERFLUOROSULFONATE IONOMER; MEMBRANES; DIFFUSION; WATER; NMR; POLYMERS; ION AB Sorption kinetics and sorption isotherms have been determined for dimethyl methylphosphonate, DMMP, in a perfluoroionomer, Nation(TM), in the acid form and as calcium and ferric salts. Nafion is a phase segregated polymer with a fluorocarbon main chain and sulfonic acid terminated fluoroether side chain comprising 33 wt% of the polymer. DMMP swells only the fluoroether region. Under immersion conditions, equilibrium solubilities for all three forms are essentially equal, averaging about 130 wt%. Kinetics are non-Fickian, dominated by relaxation effects, with calcium much slower than the acid form of Nation, and ferric slower still. Analysis with the Joshi-Astarita model of relaxation coupled diffusion indicates that the effect of cation modification is a more than 200-fold decrease in both diffusion coefficient and relaxation rate. Vapor sorption kinetics is also non-Fickian and dominated by relaxation, frequently involving a series of steps or several maxima at high vapor activity. Additionally, kinetics and, to a lesser extent equilibrium solubilities, are affected by sample history and conditions of sample exposure. The sorption isotherm, for acid Nation exhibits a rapid concentration increase at vapor activities below 0.2, a low slope at intermediate activities and a rapid increase above activity 0.8. Isotherms for salt modifications are similar but with even lower slope at intermediate activities. Effective diffusion coefficients for acid Nafion, calculated from boundary layer corrected steady state permeabilities combined with the sorption isotherm, exhibit a pronounced rise at a volume fraction of 0.6. A transition in NMR solvent self-diffusion coefficients attributed to the emergence of a new phase segregated structure is reported at the same concentration. When effective diffusion coefficients are converted to solvent self-diffusion coefficients, the values are 30-fold lower than NMR values at low concentrations, taken as a measure of tortuosity, but closely approach NMR values above the transition. The prominence of relaxation controlled sorption kinetics and high degree of tortuosity below the transition suggest that Nation is a disordered structure of small interspersed fluoroether and fluorocarbon regions, whereas the occurrence of discrete relaxation events, mainly at high activities, is probably associated with larger scale reorganization of the partially coalesced phases above the transition. (C) 2004 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USA, RDECOM, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Schneider, NS (reprint author), USA, RDECOM, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 21 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0032-3861 J9 POLYMER JI Polymer PD AUG 19 PY 2004 VL 45 IS 18 BP 6309 EP 6320 DI 10.1016/j.polymer.2004.05.023 PG 12 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 849TE UT WOS:000223562900023 ER PT J AU Gaydos, CA McKee, KT Quinn, TC Gaydos, JC AF Gaydos, CA McKee, KT Quinn, TC Gaydos, JC TI Prevalence of chlamydial and gonococcal infections among young adults SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Letter ID TRACHOMATIS INFECTIONS; ARMY RECRUITS C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. USA, Camber Corp, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD USA. NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. US Dept Def, Global Emerging Infect Surveillance & Response Sy, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Gaydos, CA (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. EM cgaydos@jhmi.edu RI Gaydos, Charlotte/E-9937-2010 NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD AUG 18 PY 2004 VL 292 IS 7 BP 801 EP 801 DI 10.1001/jama.292.7.801-a PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 847FO UT WOS:000223378300012 PM 15315990 ER PT J AU McCullough, DH Janout, V Li, JW Hsu, JT Truong, Q Wilusz, E Regen, SL AF McCullough, DH Janout, V Li, JW Hsu, JT Truong, Q Wilusz, E Regen, SL TI Glued Langmuir-Blodgett bilayers from porous versus nonporous surfactants SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID MULTILAYER FILMS; GAS-PERMEABILITY; MEMBRANES; MONOLAYERS; PERMEATION; SEPARATION; ULTRATHIN; POLYMERS; POLYELECTROLYTES; AMPHIPHILE C1 Lehigh Univ, Dept Chem & Chem Engn, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Regen, SL (reprint author), Lehigh Univ, Dept Chem & Chem Engn, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. EM slr0@lehigh.edu NR 29 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 15 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 18 PY 2004 VL 126 IS 32 BP 9916 EP 9917 DI 10.1021/ja047365u PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 845XS UT WOS:000223279300021 PM 15303854 ER PT J AU Wagner, GW O'Connor, RJ Edwards, JL Brevett, CAS AF Wagner, GW O'Connor, RJ Edwards, JL Brevett, CAS TI Effect of drop size on the degradation of VX in concrete SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID HYDROLYSIS AB The effect of drop size on the degradation rate of VX, O-ethyl S-[2-(diisopropylamino)ethyl]methylphosphonothioate, in fresh concrete has been examined using P-31 NMR. Drops of neat VX, ranging in size from 4 muL to 0.2 muL, applied to small concrete coupons (8 mm x 15 mm) were observed to degrade at different rates, with the 1 muL and smaller drops reacting in less than 4 days, and the larger droplets reacting in less than 11 days. Additionally, 4 muL VX predissolved in hexane to evenly spread it over the concrete coupon likewise reacted faster, degrading in less than 5 days. The fresh concrete, less than 2 months old, exhibited significantly faster VX degradation for all drop sizes than that observed for "aged" concrete in a previous study where VX persisted for months. The enhanced reactivity of the "fresh" concrete for VX was maintained for at least a 1-year period. The pH of water containing crushed "fresh" and "aged" concrete was 10.0 and 9.0, respectively. The higher pH of the "fresh" concrete is one reason for its enhanced reactivity toward VX. An additional contribution to the enhanced reactivity of the "fresh" concrete is suggested by the increased mobility of its sorbed VX as evidenced by its significantly narrower peak in P-31 NMR spectra. C1 US Army Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Geo Centres Inc, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Wagner, GW (reprint author), US Army Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM george.wagner@rdecom.apgea.army.mil NR 8 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD AUG 17 PY 2004 VL 20 IS 17 BP 7146 EP 7150 DI 10.1021/la036387b PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 845WQ UT WOS:000223276400028 PM 15301498 ER PT J AU Vazquez, R Nelson, MR Guzman, JJ Corun, CM Steinberg, M AF Vazquez, R Nelson, MR Guzman, JJ Corun, CM Steinberg, M TI Immortalized human keratinocytes: A model system to study the efficacy of therapeutic drugs in response to the chemical warfare agent sulfur mustard (HD) SO ELECTRONIC JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE chemical agent; human keratinocytes; interlukin-8; simian virus 40; sulfur mustard ID IBUPROFEN; INTERLEUKIN-8 AB Cytokines have been established as biomarkers to detect exposure of cells to chemical warfare agents such as sulfur mustard (2,2'-dichlorodiethyl sulfide, HD). In this study cultured normal and SV40 immortalized human epidermal keratinocyte (NHEK/IHEK) cells were compared as potential model systems to measure the efficacy of therapeutic drugs against HD. Immortalized human epidermal keratinocytes resemble their primary cell counterparts but have the advantage of being carried through long-term culture. Immortalized cells also provide consistency and durability and are less costly than primary keratinocytes. Immunoassay studies were performed to examine the response of these two cell lines to HD. We found that both normal and immortalized NHEKs secreted the pro-inflammatory mediator interleukin-8 (IL-8) when exposed to HD. However, a major difference was observed between the NHEK cell line 6207 and IHEK cell line 425. IHEK cell line 425 produced higher levels of Interleuken-8 then those of its normal counterpart cell line 6207. This observation is significant since therapeutic drugs such as ibuprofen, which depress cytokine production, may not allow these biomarkers to be detected efficiently in experimental analysis of certain NHEK cell lines. The fact that Il-8 production higher in cell line 425 cell makes this in vitro model a potential screening tool to study the efficacy of drugs that suppress production of cytokine markers. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Drug Assessment Div, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. CUNY City Coll, Div Biochem, New York, NY 10031 USA. RP Vazquez, R (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, MCHKCI, Bldg 40,1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. EM raymond.vazquez@amedd.army.mil; marian.nelson@amedd.army.mil; juanita.guzman@amedd.army.mil; charlene.corun@amedd.army.mil; marste@sci.ccny.cuny.edu NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CATOLICA DE VALPARAISO PI VALPARAISO PA AV BRASIL 2950, PO BOX 4059, VALPARAISO, CHILE SN 0717-3458 J9 ELECTRON J BIOTECHN JI Electron. J. Biotechnol. PD AUG 15 PY 2004 VL 7 IS 2 BP 124 EP 129 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 851AF UT WOS:000223655100005 ER PT J AU Peachman, KK Rao, M Palmer, DR Zidanic, M Sun, W Alving, CR Rothwell, SW AF Peachman, KK Rao, M Palmer, DR Zidanic, M Sun, W Alving, CR Rothwell, SW TI Functional microtubules are required for antigen processing by macrophages and dendritic cells SO IMMUNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE macrophages; dendritic cells; microtubules; actin; liposomes ID MHC CLASS-I; EXOGENOUS ANTIGENS; CROSS-PRESENTATION; PHAGOCYTOSIS; DYNAMICS; PATHWAY; INTERNALIZATION; SUPPRESSION; PHAGOSOMES; RESPONSES AB Antigen-presenting cells readily phagocytose antigens and channel them through various membrane-bound organelles within the cell. In previous studies, we demonstrated that macrophages concentrated and localized particulate antigens to the trans-Golgi prior to displaying the MHC-class I-antigenic peptides on the cell surface. In this study, we evaluated the importance of cytoskeletal elements in the intracellular trafficking of soluble and liposome-encapsulated ovalbumin in murine bone marrow-derived macrophages and human dendritic cells. F-actin, as identified by staining with fluorescein phalloidin, was observed at the point of contact between soluble or liposomal antigen and the cell membrane, suggesting that a rearrangement of the cytoskeleton occurs to facilitate the uptake of the antigens. Cells were incubated with colchicine, a microtubule depolymerizing agent, or paclitaxel, a microtubule polymerizing agent, before the addition of Texas Red-labeled ovalbumin or liposome-encapsulated Texas Red-labeled ovalbumin. Colchicine disrupted the trans-Golgi, whereas the trans-Golgi complexes were intact in paclitaxel treated cells. In either paclitaxel or colchicine-treated macrophages, internalized liposomal ovalbumin was not concentrated in the area of the trans-Golgi as determined by staining with fluorescent ceramide. In contrast, soluble ovalbumin was concentrated in the region of the trans-Golgi in 15% of the dendritic cells treated with paclitaxel, whereas 6% of the dendritic cells were able to concentrate liposomal antigen. In colchicine-treated dendritic cells, both soluble and liposomal antigens were internalized but did not localize to the area of the trans-Golgi. These data suggest that trafficking of soluble and liposome-encapsulated ovalbumin requires a functional microtubule-dependent translocation system. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Biochem, Dept Membrane Biochem, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Communicable & Infect Dis, Dept Virus Dis, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Biometr, Dept Med AudioVisual Serv, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Mil Casualty Res, Dept Blood Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Anat Physiol & Genet, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Peachman, KK (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Biochem, Dept Membrane Biochem, 503 Robert Grant Rd, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM Kristina.peachman@na.amedd.army.mil NR 41 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-2478 J9 IMMUNOL LETT JI Immunol. Lett. PD AUG 15 PY 2004 VL 95 IS 1 BP 13 EP 24 DI 10.1016/j.imlet.2004.05.013 PG 12 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 855WC UT WOS:000224004600003 PM 15325793 ER PT J AU Roylance, M Player, J Zukas, W Roylance, D AF Roylance, M Player, J Zukas, W Roylance, D TI Modeling of ultrasonic processing SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE composites; computer modeling; curing of polymers; differential scanning calorimetry (DSC); viscoelastic properties ID CURE AB Curing of fiber-reinforced thermoset polymer composites requires an elevated temperature to accelerate the crosslinking reaction and also hydrostatic pressure to consolidate the part and suppress the formation of voids. These processing conditions can be provided by autoclaves of appropriate size, but these are expensive and sometimes difficult to schedule. Ultrasonic debulking followed by oven cure is an attractive alternative to autoclave cure. In this technique a movable "horn" driven at ultrasonic frequency is applied to the surface of the uncured part. This generates pressure and at the same time produces heating by viscoelastic dissipation. The part can be debulked to net shape and staged through the action of the ultrasound. There are a large enough number of experimental parameters in ultrasonic debulking and staging to make purely empirical process optimization difficult, and this paper outlines numerical simulation methods useful in understanding and developing the process. (C) 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 Foster Miller Inc, Waltham, MA USA. USA, Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Natick, MA 01760 USA. MIT, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Roylance, D (reprint author), Foster Miller Inc, Waltham, MA USA. EM roylance@mit.edu NR 15 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0021-8995 J9 J APPL POLYM SCI JI J. Appl. Polym. Sci. PD AUG 15 PY 2004 VL 93 IS 4 BP 1609 EP 1615 DI 10.1002/app.20595 PG 7 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 835KJ UT WOS:000222481500016 ER PT J AU Nitayaphan, S Pitisuttithum, P Karnasuta, C Eamsila, C de Souza, M Morgan, P Polonis, V Benenson, M VanCott, T Ratto-Kim, S Kim, J Thapinta, D Garner, R Bussaratid, V Singharaj, P el Habib, R Gurunathan, S Heyward, W Birx, D McNeil, J Brown, AE AF Nitayaphan, S Pitisuttithum, P Karnasuta, C Eamsila, C de Souza, M Morgan, P Polonis, V Benenson, M VanCott, T Ratto-Kim, S Kim, J Thapinta, D Garner, R Bussaratid, V Singharaj, P el Habib, R Gurunathan, S Heyward, W Birx, D McNeil, J Brown, AE CA AIDS Vaccine Evaluation Grp TI Safety and immunogenicity of an HIV subtype B and E prime-boost vaccine combination in HIV-negative Thai adults SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International AIDS Conference CY JUL 07-12, 2002 CL BARCELONA, SPAIN SP Univ N Carolina, Gen Clin Res Ctr, UNC Ctr AIDS Res, Natl Inst Hlth, Swiss Natl AIDS Res Program, Bristol-Myers Squibb Co, Boehringer Ingelheim, GlaxoWellcome Res & Dev, HIV Antiviral Res ID CANARYPOX VACCINE; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; TYPE-1; VOLUNTEERS; GP120; RGP120; NEUTRALIZATION; ANTIBODY; MEN AB ALVAC-HIV (vCP1521) and AIDSVAX B/E were evaluated in a phase 1/2 trial of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-negative Thai adults. Of 133 volunteers enrolled, 122 completed the trial. There were no serious vaccine-related adverse events, nor were there intercurrent HIV infections. Lymphoproliferative responses to glycoprotein 120 E were induced in 63% of the volunteers, and HIV-specific CD8 cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses were induced in 24%. Antibody responses increased in frequency and magnitude in association with the dose level of AIDSVAX B/E. Binding and neutralizing antibodies to the MN strain were induced in 100% and 98%, respectively, of the volunteers receiving 600 mug of AIDSVAX B/E, and such antibodies to E strains were induced in 96% and 71%, respectively, of these volunteers. This vaccine combination was well tolerated and was immunogenic, meeting milestones for advancement to phase 3 evaluation. C1 Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Mahidol Univ, Fac Trop Med, Vaccine Trial Ctr, Fac Trop Med, Bangkok, Thailand. Chiang Mai Univ, Fac Nursing, Chiang Mai 50000, Thailand. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Rockville, MD USA. Aventis Pasteur, Swiftwater, PA USA. Vaxgen, Brisbane, CA USA. RP Nitayaphan, S (reprint author), Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, 315-6 Rajvithi Rd, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. EM sorachain@afrims.org NR 14 TC 90 Z9 91 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 EI 1537-6613 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD AUG 15 PY 2004 VL 190 IS 4 BP 702 EP 706 DI 10.1086/422258 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 841CP UT WOS:000222907200007 PM 15272397 ER PT J AU Alig, RJ Kline, JD Lichtenstein, M AF Alig, RJ Kline, JD Lichtenstein, M TI Urbanization on the US landscape: looking ahead in the 21st century SO LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Symposium on Society and Resource Management CY JUN 02-05, 2002 CL INDIANA UNIV, BLOOMINGTON, INDIANA HO INDIANA UNIV DE land use economics; land allocation; landscape planning; urbanization trends and projections ID LAND-USE; ECONOMETRIC-ANALYSIS; UNITED-STATES; FOREST; DETERMINANTS AB Conversion of rural lands to urban and other built-up uses affects the mix of commodities and services produced from the built-up uses global land base. In the United States, there was a 34% increase in the amount of land devoted to urban and built between 1982 and 1997. This increase came predominantly from the conversion of croplands and forestland, with the largest increases in developed area happening in the southern region of the country. In an analysis of drivers influencing developed land uses in the US, we found results that were consistent with hypothesized relationships, including significant increases in development as a result of increases in population density and personal income. From these results, we projected changes in potential future urbanization and development by 2025 given estimated increases in population and real personal income. The projections suggest continued urban expansion over the next 25 years, with the magnitude of increase varying by region. US developed area is projected to increase by 79%, raising the proportion of the total land base that is developed from 5.2 to 9.2%. Because much of the growth is expected in areas relatively stressed with respect to human-environment interactions, such as some coastal counties, implications for landscape and urban planning include potential impacts on sensitive watersheds, riparian areas, wildlife habitat, and water supplies. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, USDA, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. USA, Ctr Environm, Nat Resources Branch, Training Support Div, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Alig, RJ (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, USDA, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM ralig@fs.fed.us NR 45 TC 187 Z9 208 U1 16 U2 153 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-2046 J9 LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN JI Landsc. Urban Plan. PD AUG 15 PY 2004 VL 69 IS 2-3 BP 219 EP 234 DI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2003.07.004 PG 16 WC Ecology; Environmental Studies; Geography; Geography, Physical; Urban Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Physical Geography; Urban Studies GA 831OI UT WOS:000222203600006 ER PT J AU Grujicic, M Chittajallu, KM Walsh, S AF Grujicic, M Chittajallu, KM Walsh, S TI Effect of shear, compaction and nesting on permeability of the orthogonal plain-weave fabric preforms SO MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID BEHAVIOR; COMPRESSION; COMPOSITES; MODEL AB Permeability of fabric preforms and its changes due to various modes of the fabric distortion or deformation as well due to fabric layers shifting and compacting is one of the key factors controlling infiltration of the preforms with resin within the common polymer-matrix composite liquid-molding fabrication processes. While direct measurements of the fabric permeability generally yield the most reliable results, a large number of the fabric architectures used and numerous deformation and layers rearrangement modes necessitates the development and the use of computational models for the prediction of preform permeability. One such model, the so-called lubrication model, is adapted in the present work to study the effect of the mold walls, the compaction pressure, the fabric-tows shearing and the fabric layers shifting on permeability of the preforms based on orthogonal balanced plain-weave fabrics. The model predictions are compared with their respective experimental counterparts available in the literature and a reasonably good agreement is found between the corresponding sets of results. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Clemson Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. USA, Res Lab, WMRD, AMSRL,WM,MD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Grujicic, M (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Mech Engn, 241 Engn Innovat Bldg, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. EM mica.grujicic@ces.clemson.edu NR 20 TC 27 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0254-0584 J9 MATER CHEM PHYS JI Mater. Chem. Phys. PD AUG 15 PY 2004 VL 86 IS 2-3 BP 358 EP 369 DI 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2004.03.015 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 836QD UT WOS:000222569700019 ER PT J AU Centini, M D'Aguanno, G Sciscione, L Sibilia, C Bertolotti, M Scalora, M Bloemer, MJ AF Centini, M D'Aguanno, G Sciscione, L Sibilia, C Bertolotti, M Scalora, M Bloemer, MJ TI Non-phase-matched enhancement of second-harmonic generation in multilayer nonlinear structures with internal reflections SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FINITE AB Traditional notions of-second-harmonic generation rely on phase matching or quasi phase matching to achieve good conversion efficiencies. We present an entirely new concept for efficient second-harmonic generation that is based on the interference of counterpropagating waves in multilayer structures. Conversion efficiencies are an order of magnitude larger than with phase-matched second-harmonic generation in similar multilayer structures. (C) 2004 Optical Society of America. C1 Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Energet, I-00161 Rome, Italy. USA, Aviat & Missile Command, AMSMI, RD,WS,ST, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Centini, M (reprint author), Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Energet, Via Scarpa 16, I-00161 Rome, Italy. EM concita.sibilia@uniroma1.it OI D'Aguanno, Giuseppe/0000-0002-7132-0103; CENTINI, MARCO/0000-0003-0625-0054 NR 8 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD AUG 15 PY 2004 VL 29 IS 16 BP 1924 EP 1926 DI 10.1364/OL.29.001924 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 843JJ UT WOS:000223074600030 PM 15357361 ER PT J AU Koff, JM Matsumoto, CS Holtzmuller, KC AF Koff, JM Matsumoto, CS Holtzmuller, KC TI Echolalia in a liver transplant recipient SO TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Letter ID NEUROLOGIC COMPLICATIONS; MANIFESTATION C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Gastroenterol & Hepatol Serv, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Koff, JM (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Gastroenterol & Hepatol Serv, Dept Med, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM jonathan.koff@na.amedd.army.mil NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0041-1337 J9 TRANSPLANTATION JI Transplantation PD AUG 15 PY 2004 VL 78 IS 3 BP 486 EP 487 DI 10.1097/01.TP.0000128624.03384.0D PG 2 WC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation SC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation GA 846QI UT WOS:000223330300029 PM 15316384 ER PT J AU McElroy, AK Smith, JM Hooper, JW Schmaljohn, CS AF McElroy, AK Smith, JM Hooper, JW Schmaljohn, CS TI Andes virus M genome segment is not sufficient to confer the virulence associated with Andes virus in Syrian hamsters SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Andes virus; Sin Nombre virus; hantavirus; reassortant; hantavirus pulmonary syndrome; hamster ID HANTAVIRUS-PULMONARY-SYNDROME; TO-PERSON TRANSMISSION; CREEK CANAL VIRUS; SIN-NOMBRE-VIRUS; HANTAAN VIRUS; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; S-SEGMENT; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; SUCKLING MICE; INFECTION AB Sin Nombre virus (SNV) and Andes virus (ANDV), members of the genus Hantavirus, in the family Bunyaviridae, are causative agents of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) in North and South America, respectively. Although ANDY causes a lethal HPS-like disease in hamsters, SNV and all other HPS-associated hantaviruses that have been tested, cause asymptomatic infections of laboratory animals, including hamsters. In an effort to understand the pathogenicity of ANDV in the hamster model, we generated ANDV/SNV reassortant viruses. Plaque isolation of viruses from cell cultures infected with both parental viruses yielded only one type of stable reassortant virus: large (L) and small (S) segments of SNV and M segment of ANDY This virus, designated SAS reassortant virus, had in vitro growth and plaque morphology characteristics similar to those of ANDY When injected into hamsters, the SAS reassortant virus was highly infectious and elicited high-titer, ANDV-specific neutralizing antibodies; however, the virus did not cause HPS and was not lethal. These data indicate that the ANDV M genome segment is not sufficient to confer the lethal HPS phenotype associated with ANDY (C) 2004 Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Mol Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Hooper, JW (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Mol Virol, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM Jay.Hooper@amedd.army.mil OI Hooper, Jay/0000-0002-4475-0415 NR 46 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD AUG 15 PY 2004 VL 326 IS 1 BP 130 EP 139 DI 10.1016/j.virol.2004.05.018 PG 10 WC Virology SC Virology GA 840IV UT WOS:000222852800013 PM 15262501 ER PT J AU Cole, DM Eicken, H Frey, K Shapiro, LH AF Cole, DM Eicken, H Frey, K Shapiro, LH TI Observations of banding in first-year Arctic sea ice SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article DE banding; Arctic; sea ice ID BRINE DRAINAGE; MICROSTRUCTURE; EVOLUTION AB Horizontal banding features, alternating dark and bright horizontal bands apparent in ice cores and stratigraphic cross sections have long been observed in first-year sea ice and are frequently associated with bands of high and low brine or gas porosity. Observations on the land-fast ice near Barrow, Alaska, in recent years have revealed particularly striking banding patterns and prompted a study of their macroscopic and microscopic characteristics. The banding patterns are quantified from photographs of full-depth sections of the ice, and examples are presented from the Chukchi Sea and Elson Lagoon. Statistics on band spacing are presented, and the growth records for three seasons are employed to estimate their time of formation. These data provide insight into the periodicity of the underlying phenomena. Micrographs are used to examine the microstructural variations associated with various banding features and to quantify the geometry of the constituent brine inclusions associated with high- and low-porosity bands. The micrography revealed that the area fraction of brine inclusions varied by a factor of nearly 3 through the more pronounced high- and low-porosity bands. Vertical micrographs obtained shortly after the materials' removal from the ice sheet showed that significantly larger inclusions form abruptly at the start of the high- porosity bands and frequently terminate abruptly at the end of the band. Crystallographic observations indicated that the high- porosity bands supported the nucleation and growth of crystals having substantially different orientations from the very well aligned columnar structure that characterized the bulk of the sheet. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. RP USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM david.m.cole@erdc.usace.army.mil; hajo.eicken@gi.alaska.edu; lews@gi.alaska.edu RI Eicken, Hajo/M-6901-2016 NR 33 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9275 EI 2169-9291 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD AUG 14 PY 2004 VL 109 IS C8 AR C08012 DI 10.1029/2003JC001993 PG 16 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 846VB UT WOS:000223344600002 ER PT J AU Kongkasuriyachai, D Bartels-Andrews, L Stowers, A Collins, WE Sullivan, J Sattabongkot, J Torii, M Tsuboi, T Kumar, N AF Kongkasuriyachai, D Bartels-Andrews, L Stowers, A Collins, WE Sullivan, J Sattabongkot, J Torii, M Tsuboi, T Kumar, N TI Potent immunogenicity of DNA vaccines encoding Plasmodium vivax transmission-blocking vaccine candidates Pvs25 and Pvs28 - evaluation of homologous and heterologous antigen-delivery prime-boost strategy SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Plasmodium vivax; transmission-blocking immunity; Pvs25; Pvs28; DNA vaccine ID OOKINETE SURFACE; MALARIA; PFS25; ANTIBODIES; FALCIPARUM; PROTEINS AB Transmission-blocking vaccines target the sexual stages of the malaria parasite and prevent further development within the mosquito vector halting the transmission of the parasite. Zygote/ookinetes are potential targets of antibodies inhibiting oocyst development in the mosquito midgut and rendering mosquitoes non-infectious. DNA vaccine constructs were developed expressing Pvs25 and Pvs28 (Plasmodium vivax zygote/ookinete surface proteins) fused at the amino terminus with tissue plasminogen activator signal peptide. Antibodies produced in mice after immunization with three doses recognized respective antigens in the parasites and in an ELISA,and these antibodies when tested in membrane feeding assay were potent blockers of R vivax transmission. Co-immunization with Pvs25 and Pvs28 DNA vaccine constructs did not affect the antigen specific antibody responses against individual antigens, and the antibodies remained effective in blocking parasite transmission demonstrating 91-99% reduction in oocyst number in the mosquito midgut. Several combinations of homologous and heterologous antigen-delivery prime boost strategy were also evaluated and the results suggested that antibody titers and transmission-blocking activities by the three prime-boost strategies (DNA prime/DNA boost, DNA prime/protein boost, and protein prime/protein boost) were comparable with slightly better immunogenicity of heterologous antigen-delivery prime/boost as compared to DNA/DNA alone. These results demonstrate potent immunogenicity of DNA vaccines encoding Pvs25 and Pvs28 and warrant further evaluation in non-human primates. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Malaria Res Inst, Dept Mol Microbiol & Immunol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. NIAID, Malaria Vaccine Dev Unit, NIH, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Anim Resources Branch, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Entomol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Ehime Univ, Sch Med, Dept Mol Parasitol, Shigenobu, Ehime 7918503, Japan. Ehime Univ, Cell Free Sci & Technol Res Ctr, Matsuyama, Ehime 7908577, Japan. RP Kumar, N (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Malaria Res Inst, Dept Mol Microbiol & Immunol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM nkumar@jhsph.edu RI Kongkasuriyachai, Darin/F-2123-2011 FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI47089] NR 20 TC 29 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD AUG 13 PY 2004 VL 22 IS 23-24 BP 3205 EP 3213 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2003.11.060 PG 9 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 849AO UT WOS:000223509800033 PM 15297075 ER PT J AU Gurton, KP Ligon, D Dahmani, R AF Gurton, KP Ligon, D Dahmani, R TI Measured infrared optical cross sections for a variety of chemical and biological aerosol simulants SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID SPECTRAL EXTINCTION AB We conducted a series of spectral extinction measurements on a variety of aerosolized chemical and biological simulants over the spectral range 3-13 mum using conventional Fourier-transform IR (FTIR) aerosol spectroscopy. Samples consist of both aerosolized particulates and atomized liquids. Materials considered include Bacillus subtilis endospores, lyophilized ovalbumin, polyethylene glycol, dimethicone (SF-96), and three common background materials: kaolin clay (hydrated aluminum silicate), Arizona road dust (primarily SiO2), and diesel soot. Aerosol size distributions and mass density were measured simultaneously with the FTIR spectra. As a result, all optical parameters presented here are mass normalized, i.e., in square meters per gram. In an effort to establish the utility of using Mie theory to predict such parameters, we conducted a series of calculations. For materials in which the complex indices of refraction are known, e.g., silicone oil (SF-96) and kaolin, measured size distributions were convolved with Mie theory and the resultant spectral extinction calculated. Where there was good agreement between measured and calculated extinction spectra, absorption, total scattering, and backscatter were also calculated. (C) 2004 Optical Society of America. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Gurton, KP (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM kgurton@arl.army.mil NR 8 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD AUG 10 PY 2004 VL 43 IS 23 BP 4564 EP 4570 DI 10.1364/AO.43.004564 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA 846CE UT WOS:000223291600013 PM 15376433 ER PT J AU Eicken, H Grenfell, TC Perovich, DK Richter-Menge, JA Frey, K AF Eicken, H Grenfell, TC Perovich, DK Richter-Menge, JA Frey, K TI Hydraulic controls of summer Arctic pack ice albedo SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article DE sea ice; albedo; permeability ID SEA-ICE; SURFACE ALBEDO; MASS-BALANCE; MELT PONDS; THICKNESS; CLIMATE; VARIABILITY; CIRCULATION; EVOLUTION; MODELS AB Linkages between albedo, surface morphology, melt pond distribution, and properties of first-year and multiyear sea ice have been studied at two field sites in the North American Arctic between 1998 and 2001. It is shown that summer sea-ice albedo depends critically on surface melt-pond hydrology, controlled by melt rate, ice permeability, and topography. Remarkable short-term and interannual variability in pond fraction varying by more than a factor of 2 and hence area-averaged albedo (varying between 0.28 and 0.49 over the period of a few days) were observed to be forced by millimeter to centimeter changes in pond water level. Tracer studies show that the depth of the snow cover, by controlling the amount of superimposed ice formation in early summer, critically affects the retention of meltwater at the ice surface and hence affects pond coverage. Ice roughness as determined by deformation and aging processes explains a significant portion of the contrasts in pond coverage and albedo between ice of different ages, suggesting that a reduction in multiyear ice area and sea-ice residence time in the Arctic Ocean is accompanied by large-scale ice albedo decreases. Our work indicates that ice-albedo prediction in large-scale models with conventional methods is inherently difficult, if not impossible. However, a hydrological model, incorporating measured statistics of ice topography, reproduces observed pond features and variability, pointing toward an alternative approach in predicting ice albedo in numerical simulations. C1 Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. EM hajo.eicken@gi.alaska.edu; tcg@atmos.washington.edu; perovich@crrel.usace.army.mil; jrichtermenge@crrel41.crrel.usace.army.mil RI Eicken, Hajo/M-6901-2016 NR 46 TC 104 Z9 109 U1 2 U2 17 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9275 EI 2169-9291 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD AUG 10 PY 2004 VL 109 IS C8 AR C08007 DI 10.1029/2003JC001989 PG 13 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 846UY UT WOS:000223344100002 ER PT J AU Hepburn, MJ Dooley, DP Skidmore, PJ Ellis, MW Starnes, WF Hasewinkle, WC AF Hepburn, MJ Dooley, DP Skidmore, PJ Ellis, MW Starnes, WF Hasewinkle, WC TI Comparison of short-course (5 days) and standard (10 days) treatment for uncomplicated cellulitis SO ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID SKIN-STRUCTURE INFECTIONS; SOFT-TISSUE INFECTIONS; DOUBLE-BLIND; CUTANEOUS CELLULITIS; ORAL LEVOFLOXACIN; NEEDLE ASPIRATION; CIPROFLOXACIN; AZITHROMYCIN; ADULTS; MULTICENTER AB Background: Cellulitis is a condition routinely encountered in the primary care setting. No previous study has compared a short (5 days) vs standard (10 days) course of therapy of the same antibiotic in patients with uncomplicated cellulitis. Methods: We performed a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to determine if 5 days of therapy has equal efficacy to 10 days of therapy for patients with cellulitis. Of 121 enrolled subjects evaluated after 5 days of therapy for cellulitis, 43 were randomized to receive 5 more days of levofloxacin therapy (10 days total antibiotic treatment), and 44 subjects to receive 5 more days of placebo therapy (5 days of total antibiotic treatment). Levofloxacin was given at a dose of 500 mg/d. Subjects were not randomized if they had worsening cellulitis, a persistent nidus of infection, a lack of any clinical improvement, or abscess formation within the first 5 days of therapy. The main outcome measure was resolution of cellulitis at 14 days, with absence of relapse by 28 days, after study enrollment. Results: Eighty-seven subjects were randomized and analyzed by intention to treat. There was no significant difference in clinical outcome between the 2 courses of therapy (success in 42 [98%] of 43 subjects receiving 10 days of antibiotic, and 43 [98%] of 44 subjects receiving 5 days of antibiotic) at both 14 and 28 days of therapy. Conclusion: In patients with uncomplicated cellulitis, 5 days of therapy with levofloxacin appears to be as effective as 10 days of therapy. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. RP Hepburn, MJ (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM matthew.hepburn@det.amedd.army.mil NR 26 TC 63 Z9 66 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-9926 J9 ARCH INTERN MED JI Arch. Intern. Med. PD AUG 9 PY 2004 VL 164 IS 15 BP 1669 EP 1674 DI 10.1001/archinte.164.15.1669 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 845HN UT WOS:000223233100010 PM 15302637 ER PT J AU Davis, JL Wani, AH O'Neal, BR Hansen, LD AF Davis, JL Wani, AH O'Neal, BR Hansen, LD TI RDX biodegradation column study: comparison of electron donors for biologically induced reductive transformation in groundwater SO JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE explosives; RDX; groundwater; anaerobic biodegradation; carbon source; electron donor ID HEXAHYDRO-1,3,5-TRINITRO-1,3,5-TRIAZINE RDX; ANAEROBIC SLUDGE; NITROGEN-SOURCE; EXPLOSIVE RDX; BIOTRANSFORMATION; DEGRADATION; MINERALIZATION; SOIL; FATE AB A series of column studies, using site-specific soil and groundwater, were conducted to determine the feasibility of biologically active zone enhancement (BAZE) process for reductive biotransformation of hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) in groundwater. This treatability study examined the use of four amendments (acetate, ethanol, soluble starch, and acetate plus ammonium), which served as electron donors. Triplicate columns, with groundwater residence time of about 27.5 h, were used for each amendment treatment and the amendment control. In treatment columns amendment dosing was 500 mg/L C for carbon sources and 100 mg/L N for ammonium. Each of the amendment treatments reduced RDX inlet concentrations of 100 mug/L to less than 1 mug/L. The highest first-order RDX biodegradation rate ranged between 0.140 and 0.447 h(-1) for acetate amended columns as compared to 0.037 to 0.083 h(-1) in control columns (no amendment). The addition of soluble starch resulted in increased toxicity (based on Microtox(R) analysis) that was partially removed by biological activity in the columns. Ethanol addition itself did not result in increased toxicity but biological activity in this system did induce Microtox(R) toxicity. Acetate did not have any Microtox(R) toxicity associated with it. The addition of ammonium as a nitrogen source did not significantly increase the removal rate of RDX. Based on these observations acetate was selected for the field demonstration. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Appl Res Associates Inc, So Div, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Wani, AH (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM altaf.h.wani@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 31 TC 30 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3894 J9 J HAZARD MATER JI J. Hazard. Mater. PD AUG 9 PY 2004 VL 112 IS 1-2 BP 45 EP 54 DI 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2004.03.020 PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 838OK UT WOS:000222722500004 PM 15225929 ER PT J AU Meyerhoff, JL Lee, JK Rittase, BW Tsang, AY Yourick, DL AF Meyerhoff, JL Lee, JK Rittase, BW Tsang, AY Yourick, DL TI Lipoic acid pretreatment attenuates ferric chloride-induced seizures in the rat SO BRAIN RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE seizure; brain injury; hemoglobin; iron; antioxidant; lipoic acid; free radical ID INTENSIVE-CARE-UNIT; POSTTRAUMATIC EPILEPSY; CEREBRAL-ISCHEMIA; CONTINUOUS EEG; EPILEPTIFORM DISCHARGES; RECURRENT SEIZURES; IRON INJECTION; BRAIN-INJURY; HEAD-INJURY; ACUTE-PHASE AB Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is often complicated by the occurrence of seizures, which adversely affect clinical outcome. The risk of seizures increases to the extent that the injury is associated with sub-arachnoid hemorrhage and hematoma. A likely mechanism of seizure development post-TBI is decompartmentalization of iron from extravasated hemoglobin (Hb). It is well known that iron can catalyze formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Based on this proposed mechanism, a descriptive model of TBI-induced seizures, using intracortical injection of iron salts, was developed by Willmore. We have added modifications to enhance the quantifiability of seizure activity and have used the model to examine the therapeutic efficacy of lipoic acids (ROS-scavenging antioxidants). Male SD rats were pretreated with alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) and dihydrolipoic acid (DHLA) or appropriate vehicles. Under anesthesia, unilateral intracortical infusions of ferric choride were performed stereotaxically. EEG was recorded via extradural electrodes. EEG was sampled for 10 s of every 60-s interval over a 24-h period following injection of ferric chloride. We measured the number of seconds of epileptiform discharges or seizure activity in every 10-s EEG sample during the 24 h. The EEGs of rats pretreated with ALA and DHLA exhibited 55% less seizure activity than vehicle-treated ferric chloride-injected animals, suggesting that lipoic acids may be Of use in preventing or attenuating TBI-induced seizures. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Meyerhoff, JL (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM james.meyerhoff@na.amedd.army.mil NR 35 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8993 J9 BRAIN RES JI Brain Res. PD AUG 6 PY 2004 VL 1016 IS 2 BP 139 EP 144 DI 10.1016/j.brainres.2004.03.019 PG 6 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 841IH UT WOS:000222923000001 PM 15246849 ER PT J AU Immoos, CE Lee, SJ Grinstaff, MW AF Immoos, CE Lee, SJ Grinstaff, MW TI Conformationally gated electrochemical gene detection SO CHEMBIOCHEM LA English DT Article DE AFM; electrochemistry; oligonucleotides; reagentless detection ID ELECTRON-TRANSFER; MOLECULAR BEACONS; DNA; FERROCENE; GOLD; OLIGONUCLEOTIDE; HYBRIDIZATION; MONOLAYERS; KINETICS; VOLTAMMETRY AB The synthesis and characterization of a 26-base DNA hairpin containing both a redox-active reporter (ferrocene) and terminal thiol functionality for electrochemical gene detection is described. This electrochemical DNA sensor exploits electron-transfer dynamics that alter as a consequence of a large structural rearrangement (hairpin-to-duplex) induced by hybridization of the target DNA sequence. Melting temperature and circular dichroism studies confirm that the 26-mer DNA forms a hairpin structure in the absence of target DNA. The loop region of the DNA hairpin is shown to form a stable duplex in the presence of complementary single-stranded DNA. Atomic force microscopy and ellipsometry experiments of immobilized self-assembled DNA monolayers suggest that hybridization with complementary DNA affords a conformational change that alters the electrochemical response. C1 Duke Univ, Dept Chem, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Boston Univ, Dept Chem, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Boston Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Boston, MA 02215 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Grinstaff, MW (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Chem, Durham, NC 27708 USA. EM mgrin@chem.bu.edu OI Grinstaff, Mark/0000-0002-5453-3668 NR 27 TC 78 Z9 79 U1 1 U2 16 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1439-4227 J9 CHEMBIOCHEM JI Chembiochem PD AUG 6 PY 2004 VL 5 IS 8 BP 1100 EP 1103 DI 10.1002/cbic.200400045 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Medicinal SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 846BY UT WOS:000223291000011 PM 15300834 ER PT J AU Norton, DG Wetzel, ED Vlachos, DG AF Norton, DG Wetzel, ED Vlachos, DG TI Fabrication of single-channel catalytic microburners: Effect of confinement on the oxidation of hydrogen/air mixtures SO INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID COMBUSTION; IGNITION; PLATINUM; BEHAVIOR; SURFACES; H-2 AB A protocol for the inexpensive fabrication of catalytic microburners with integrated thermocouples is introduced. Experimental data for the oxidation of hydrogen/air mixtures over platinum/ alumina microchannels of different channel gap distances is presented. Lean hydrogen/air mixtures are found to be self-igniting, and no detectable fuel-lean limit for autothermal (self-sustained) operation is observed. The role of microreactor gap size (confinement) in enhancing transport rates and changing the dominant chemistry is experimentally demonstrated for the first time. Evidence of homogeneous combustion is found for near-stoichiometric hydrogen/air mixtures in 1000-mum-gap reactors, but not in 250-mum-gap reactors. Spatially resolved temperature profiles indicate significant longitudinal nonuniformity. Finally, catalytic and homogeneous microburners are briefly contrasted. C1 Univ Delaware, CCST, Dept Chem Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. Univ Delaware, CCM, Newark, DE 19716 USA. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Vlachos, DG (reprint author), Univ Delaware, CCST, Dept Chem Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. EM vlachos@che.udel.edu OI Vlachos, Dionisios/0000-0002-6795-8403 NR 31 TC 77 Z9 83 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0888-5885 J9 IND ENG CHEM RES JI Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. PD AUG 4 PY 2004 VL 43 IS 16 BP 4833 EP 4840 DI 10.1021/ie049798b PG 8 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 842CH UT WOS:000222979900040 ER PT J AU Rueda, LM AF Rueda, LM TI Pictorial keys for the identification of mosquitoes (Diptera : Culicidae) associated with dengue virus transmission SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE Diptera; Culicidae; Ochlerotatus; Aedes; aegypti; albopictus; dengue; identification key; mosquitoes AB Identification keys are provided for female adults and fourth stage larvae of the mosquito species likely to transmit dengue viruses in 4 regions of the world. The keys are illustrated with Auto-Montage(R) photomicrographs, allowing optimum depth of field and resolution. Species included for the Afrotropical Region are: Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti (Linnaeus), Ae. (Stg.) africanus (Theobald), Ae. (Stg.) albopictus (Skuse), Ae. (Stg.) luteocephalus (Newstead), Ae. (Stg.) opok Corbet and Van Someren, Ae. (Diceromyia) furcifer (Edwards), and Ae. (Dic.) taylori Edwards; for the South Pacific Islands and Australian Region: Ae. (Stg.) aegypti, Ae. (Stg.) albopictus, Ae. (Stg.) cooki Belkin, Ae. (Stg.) hebrideus Edwards, Ae. (Stg.) hensilli Farner, Ae. (Stg.) polynesiensis Marks, Ae. (Stg.) rotumae Belkin, Ae. (Stg.) scutellaris (Walker), and Ochlerotatus (Finlaya) notoscriptus (Skuse); for the Oriental Region: Ae. (Stg.) aegypti, Ae. (Stg.) albopictus, and Oc. (Fin.) niveus subgroup; and for the American Region (North, Central and South America, including the Caribbean Islands): Ae. (Stg.) aegypti, Ae. (Stg.) albopictus, and Oc. (Gymnometopa) mediovittatus (Coquillett). C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Walter Reed Biosystemat Unit, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Rueda, LM (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Museum Support Ctr, Dept Entomol, Walter Reed Biosystemat Unit, 4210 Silver Hill Rd, Suitland, MD 20704 USA. EM ruedapol@msc.si.edu NR 5 TC 41 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 5 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD AUG 3 PY 2004 IS 589 BP 1 EP 60 PG 60 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 875AH UT WOS:000225391500001 ER PT J AU Allain, LR Stratis-Cullum, DN Vo-Dinh, T AF Allain, LR Stratis-Cullum, DN Vo-Dinh, T TI Investigation of microfabrication of biological sample arrays using piezoelectric and bubble-jet printing technologies SO ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE ink-jet; bubble-jet; spotting; array; DNA; microarray; Bacillus anthracis; hybridization ID INK-JET; BIOCHIP; FABRICATION; SEQUENCE AB Modified commercial ink-jet printers are simple and cost-effective tools for the fabrication of microarrays containing biological samples. In this paper, the two most common ink-dispensing technologies, thermal and piezoelectric, were investigated, tested, and compared in terms of their ease of use and spotting quality. Ink cartridges were used as sample reservoirs and refilled with small volumes (as low as 20 muL) of water-based sample solutions containing herring sperm DNA and fluorescent dyes. Different solution compositions were evaluated and compared. Microscopic spots ( < 200 mum) were printed on various membranes (cellulose, nylon, nitrocellulose, and Zeta-Probe) and glass microscope slides. This technique enabled rapid preparation of a large number of printed arrays of biological materials at extremely low cost. To further demonstrate the utility of the microarray platform, we performed an assay of Bacillus anthracis, detected through DNA hybridization using fluorescent probes complementary to the B. anthracis target printed on a membrane. A comparison of Zeta-Probe and nylon membranes yielded less non-specific binding when using the Zeta-Probe membrane. In addition, detection of 100 fmol of the target per printed spot was demonstrated. (C) 2004 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Adv Biomed Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Technol Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Merck & Co Inc, Pharmaceut Anal & Control, W Point, PA 19486 USA. USA, Res Lab, AMSRL SE EO, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Stratis-Cullum, DN (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Adv Biomed Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM dstratis-cullum@arl.army.mil NR 22 TC 53 Z9 55 U1 3 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0003-2670 J9 ANAL CHIM ACTA JI Anal. Chim. Acta PD AUG 2 PY 2004 VL 518 IS 1-2 BP 77 EP 85 DI 10.1016/j.aca.2004.04.065 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 842LM UT WOS:000223005700009 ER PT J AU McCutchan, FE Sankale, JL M'Boup, S Kim, B Tovanabutra, S Hamel, DJ Brodine, SK Kanki, PJ Birx, DL AF McCutchan, FE Sankale, JL M'Boup, S Kim, B Tovanabutra, S Hamel, DJ Brodine, SK Kanki, PJ Birx, DL TI HIV type 1 circulating recombinant form CRF09_cpx from West Africa combines subtypes A, F, G, and may share ancestors with CRF02_AG and Z321 SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article ID INJECTING DRUG-USERS; DIVERSITY; EPIDEMIC; THAILAND; ISOLATE; STRAIN; PREDOMINANCE; SEQUENCES; INFECTION; NIGERIA AB Two HIV-1 intersubtype recombinant forms are circulating widely in populations and have become important strains in the pandemic: CRF01_AE in Southeast Asia and CRF02_AG in West and West Central Africa, respectively. Several other circulating recombinant forms (CRF) have also been identified, but with fewer numbers of infections and/or more limited geographic spread. Here we expand knowledge of HIV-1 CRF using clinical samples, principally from West Africa, that were difficult to classify by partial genome sequencing. DNA was extracted from primary patient peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). The virtually complete HIV-1 genome was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and directly sequenced. Additional strains were characterized by partial envelope sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis was used to identify and map intersubtype recombination breakpoints. Four virtually complete genome sequences and two partial envelope sequences represent CRF09_cpx, a newly identified complex recombinant HIV-1 whose principal focus seems to be in West Africa. This recombinant includes segments of subtypes A, F, G, and unclassified genetic material. It shares unique unclassified regions with the early Zaire strain Z321. There are similarities in structure, but considerable genetic distances, between CRF09_cpx and CRF02_AG IbNG. In conclusion, it is possible that this CRF shared common ancestors with both Z321 and CRF02_AG in the course of the pandemic, perhaps arising by recombination between earlier forms of these strains. Although newly identified, at least one infection with CRF09_cpx has already occurred outside of Africa. C1 Henry M Jackson Fdn, Global Mol Epidemiol Program, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Univ Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal. Chiang Mai Univ, Chiang Mai 50000, Thailand. USN, Hlth Res Inst, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. San Diego State Univ, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP McCutchan, FE (reprint author), Henry M Jackson Fdn, Global Mol Epidemiol Program, 1600 E Guide Dr, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. EM fmccutchan@hivresearch.org NR 31 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 20 IS 8 BP 819 EP 826 DI 10.1089/0889222041725163 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 852AF UT WOS:000223726900006 PM 15320986 ER PT J AU Arroyo, MA Hoelscher, M Sanders-Buell, E Herbinger, KH Samky, E Maboko, L Hoffmann, O Robb, MR Birx, DL McCutchan, FE AF Arroyo, MA Hoelscher, M Sanders-Buell, E Herbinger, KH Samky, E Maboko, L Hoffmann, O Robb, MR Birx, DL McCutchan, FE TI HIV type 1 subtypes among blood donors in the Mbeya region of southwest Tanzania SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; RECOMBINANTS; SEQUENCES; COMMON; BREAKPOINTS; EPIDEMIC; STRAINS AB HIV-1 is endemic in Tanzania where three different subtypes, A, C, and D, have been identified. Information on HIV-1 genetic diversity is crucial to define requirements for an effective vaccine, in regions where HIV-1 vaccine trials are planned. To define the subtype distribution of HIV-1 in the Mbeya region of southwest Tanzania, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and plasma were obtained from 36 discarded HIV seropositive blood units. Multiregion hybridization assay (MHA) was performed on both PBMC DNA and plasma RNA to determine the subtype distribution. Twenty virtually full-length HIV-1 sequences were amplified from the extracted DNA, sequenced, and phylogenetically analyzed. Subtype distribution determined by all three assays was comparable. More than 50% of the samples analyzed were subtype C, followed by a high proportion of subtype C-containing intersubtype recombinants. Based on this work, subtype C appears to be the prevalent subtype in southwest Tanzania, followed by a high proportion of intersubtype recombinants. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, US Mil HIV Res Program, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Univ Munich, Dept Trop Med & Infect Dis, Munich, Germany. Henry M Jackson Fdn, USMHRP, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Mbeya Referral Hosp, Mbeya, Tanzania. Mbeya Med Res Project, Mbeya, Tanzania. RP Arroyo, MA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, US Mil HIV Res Program, 1 Taft Court,Suite 250, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. EM marroyo@hivresearch.org RI Hoelscher, Michael/D-3436-2012; OI Arroyo, Miguel/0000-0001-7416-8867 NR 18 TC 36 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 20 IS 8 BP 895 EP 901 DI 10.1089/0889222041725235 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 852AF UT WOS:000223726900014 PM 15320994 ER PT J AU Vietri, NJ Dooley, DP Davis, CE Longfield, JN Meier, PA Whelen, AC AF Vietri, NJ Dooley, DP Davis, CE Longfield, JN Meier, PA Whelen, AC TI The effect of moving to a new hospital facility on the prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL LA English DT Article ID INFECTIONS AB Background: The influence of hospital design on nosocomial transmission of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is unknown. Our hospital's relocation to a new building with radically different ward design allowed us to study this question. Our old hospital facility had open bay wards and intensive care units, and few poorly located sinks for handwashing (bed:sink ratio 4:1). Our new hospital facility had optimized hand-washing geography and distribution of ward beds into mostly single or double rooms (bed:sink ratio 1.3:1). Methods: We compared the prevalence of MRSA in the 2 institutions by obtaining nasal swabs from all patients on 8 selected wards and intensive care units at 2 time points both before and after the move. in addition, passive surveillance rates of MRSA for all hospitalized patients for 2 years both before and after the move were compared. Hand hygiene practices, although unrelated to the study periods, were directly observed. Results: Eight of 123 patients cultured before the move were MRSA positive, compared to 5 of 138 patients cultured after the move (P = NS). MRSA prevalence determined by passive surveillance of all hospitalized patients before and after the move was also unchanged. An insignificant increase in the frequency of hand-hygiene performance following the move (20% to 23%) was observed. Conclusion: Radical facility design changes, which would be permissive of optimal infection control practices, were not sufficient, by themselves, to reduce the nosocomial spread of MRSA in our institution. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Dept Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. RP Dooley, DP (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Dept Med, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 13 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0196-6553 J9 AM J INFECT CONTROL JI Am. J. Infect. Control PD AUG PY 2004 VL 32 IS 5 BP 262 EP 267 DI 10.1016/j.ajic.2003.12.006 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 845AI UT WOS:000223207600002 PM 15292889 ER PT J AU Abbott, KC Swanson, SJ Richter, ER Bohen, EM Agodoa, LY Peters, TG Barbour, G Lipnick, R Cruess, DF AF Abbott, KC Swanson, SJ Richter, ER Bohen, EM Agodoa, LY Peters, TG Barbour, G Lipnick, R Cruess, DF TI Late urinary tract infection after renal transplantation in the United States SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES LA English DT Article DE US Renal Data System (USRDS); urinary tract infection; pyelonephritis; death; graft loss; survival; women; sepsis; creatinine; renal insufficiency; cardiovascular disease; cytomegalovirus ID PERIOPERATIVE ANTIBIOTIC-PROPHYLAXIS; KIDNEY-TRANSPLANTATION; GRAFT LOSS; COMPLICATIONS; DISEASE; SEPTICEMIA; RECIPIENTS; RISK AB Background Although urinary tract infection (UTI) occurring late after renal transplantation has been considered "benign," this has not been confirmed in a national population of renal transplant recipients. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 28,942 Medicare primary renal transplant recipients in the United States Renal Data System (USRDS) database from January 1, 1996, through July 31, 2000, assessing Medicare claims for UTI occurring later than 6 months after transplantation based on International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision (ICD-9), codes and using Cox regression to calculate adjusted hazard ratios (AHRs) for time to death and graft loss (censored for death), respectively. Results:The cumulative incidence of UTI during the first 6 months after renal transplantation was 17% (equivalent for both men and women), and at 3 years was 60% for women and 47% for men (P < 0.001 in Cox regression analysis). Late UTI was significantly associated with an increased risk of subsequent death in Cox regression analysis (P < 0.001; AHR, 2.93; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.22, 3.85); and AHR for graft loss was 1.85 (95% Cl, 1.29, 2.64). The association of UTI with death persisted after adjusting for cardiac and other infectious complications, and regardless of whether UTI was assessed as a composite of outpatient/Inpatient claims, primary hospitalized UTI, or solely outpatient UTI. Conclusion: Whether due to a direct effect or as a marker for serious underlying illness, UTI occurring late after renal transplantation, as coded by clinicians in the United States, does not portend a benign outcome. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Organ Transplant Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. Jacksonville Transplant Ctr Shands, Jacksonville, FL USA. Univ Florida, HSCS, Dept Surg, Jacksonville, FL USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med, Div Hlth Serv Adm, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med, Div Epidemiol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Abbott, KC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM kevin.abbott@na.amedd.army.mil OI Abbott, Kevin/0000-0003-2111-7112 NR 29 TC 105 Z9 110 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0272-6386 J9 AM J KIDNEY DIS JI Am. J. Kidney Dis. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 44 IS 2 BP 353 EP 362 DI 10.1053/j.ajkd.2004.04.040 PG 10 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 844PP UT WOS:000223172400022 PM 15264195 ER PT J AU Hepburn, MJ Hepburn, LM Cantu, NS Lapeer, MG Lawitz, EJ AF Hepburn, MJ Hepburn, LM Cantu, NS Lapeer, MG Lawitz, EJ TI Differences in treatment outcome for hepatitis C among ethnic groups SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID AFRICAN-AMERICANS; RACIAL-DIFFERENCES; NATURAL-HISTORY; VIRUS-INFECTION; INTERFERON; THERAPY; RACE; IMPACT AB BACKGROUND: Studies of interferon-based therapies for hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected patients have documented variable response rates according to ethnicity. However, these studies enrolled low numbers of ethnic minorities. METHODS: Data from two multicenter trials of combination therapy for hepatitis C were analyzed to determine predictors of treatment success. The first trial was a randomized study comparing interferon administered three times weekly with daily administration. Patients in both interferon groups received weight-based ribavirin. The second trial was an observational study of daily interferon and ribavirin. Only tretment-naive patients were included in the analysis. Ethnicity (used as a nonspecific term to include race) was determined by patient self-report. Sustained virologic response was defined as negative HCV RNA by polymerase chain reaction at 24 weeks after completion of therapy. RESULTS: A total of 661 patients (390 from the randomized trial and 271 from the observational trial) were available for analysis. Sustained virologic response was highest among Asians (61% [22/36]), followed by whites (39% [193/496]), Hispanics (23% [18/79]), and African Americans (14% [7/50]). In a multiple logistic regression model that adjusted for other factors known to affect treatment outcome, including hepatitis C genotype, Asians continued to be more likely to respond to treatment, whereas Hispanics and African Americans were less likely, as compared with whites. CONCLUSION: Sustained response rates to interferon and ribavirin therapy differ among ethnic groups. Ethnicity appears to be associated with treatment outcomes, even in a model that adjusts for other factors that influence response to therapy. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Houston, TX USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Hepburn, MJ (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, MCMRUIMR, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM matthew.hepburn@amedd.army.mil NR 23 TC 75 Z9 77 U1 0 U2 1 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 650 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-9343 J9 AM J MED JI Am. J. Med. PD AUG 1 PY 2004 VL 117 IS 3 BP 163 EP 168 DI 10.1016/j.amjmed.2004.02.043 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 843BG UT WOS:000223049500004 PM 15276594 ER PT J AU Schmidt, CK AF Schmidt, CK TI American red cross nursing: Essential to disaster relief SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NURSING LA English DT Article C1 Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Coll Nursing, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. USA, Reserve Nurse Corps, Washington, DC USA. RP Schmidt, CK (reprint author), Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Coll Nursing, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. EM etanders@utmb.edu NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0002-936X J9 AM J NURS JI Am. J. Nurs. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 104 IS 8 BP 35 EP 38 PG 4 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA 842KV UT WOS:000223003900025 PM 15300039 ER PT J AU Parker, JD Alvero, RJ Luterzo, J Segars, JH Armstrong, AY AF Parker, Jason D. Alvero, Ruben J. Luterzo, Julie Segars, James H. Armstrong, Alicia Y. TI Assessment of resident competency in the performance of sonohysterography: Does the level of training impact the accuracy? SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE saline sonohysterography; resident training AB Objective: The objective of this study was to examine the true-positive rates by level of training of the operator and to determine whether the accuracy of the procedure differed by the level of education after formalized training. Study design: This was a retrospective analysis. The records of patients who underwent surgery for the indication of an abnormal saline sonohysterography were reviewed from January 2001 to April 2003 (n = 73 patients). The nature of the saline sonohysterography abnormality, the intraoperative findings, and the level of training of the provider were recorded. Findings at saline sonohysterography were compared with findings at hysteroscopy or surgery. Statistical significance was determined by c 2 test. Results: The overall true-positive rate was 86.3% (63/73 patients). The true-positive rates for nurse practitioners, second- and fourth-year residents, and fellows were 84%, 80%, 90%, and 89%, respectively. There was no significant difference among providers (P=.96). Conclusion: The true-positive rates for saline hysterography were comparable among different provider levels. (c) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Armstrong, Alicia Y.] NIH, NICHD, Pediat & Reprod Endocrine Branch 9D42, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Parker, Jason D.; Luterzo, Julie] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Parker, Jason D.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Alvero, Ruben J.] Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Reprod Endocrinol & Infertil, Aurora, CO USA. RP Armstrong, AY (reprint author), NIH, NICHD, Pediat & Reprod Endocrine Branch 9D42, Bldg 10,10 Ctr Dr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM armstroa@mail.nih.gov NR 25 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9378 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 191 IS 2 BP 582 EP 586 DI 10.1016/j.ajog.2004.03.011 PG 5 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA V58VL UT WOS:000203976500031 PM 15343241 ER PT J AU Pritchett, TM Trubatch, AD AF Pritchett, TM Trubatch, AD TI A differential formulation of diffraction theory for the undergraduate optics course SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID NEAR-FIELD; APERTURE; VALIDITY AB The integral formulation of the Huygens-Fresnel principle embodied by the Fresnel-Kirchhoff and Rayleigh-Sommerfeld diffraction formulas constitutes standard treatment of scalar diffraction theory. It is not generally appreciated that the same results can be obtained by using standard methods to solve the relevant partial differential equations:, the exact Rayleigh-Sommerfeld integral is equivalent to the scalar Helmholtz equation, and the Rayleigh-Sommerfeld integral in the Fresnel approximation is equivalent to the paraxial wave equation. In view of students' familiarity with the latter partial differential equation, some pedagogical advantages may be realized if diffraction theory is also formulated in terms of partial differential equations as a supplement to the usual integral formulation. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, SEEO, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Math Sci, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Pritchett, TM (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, SEEO, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 25 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER ASSOC PHYSICS TEACHERS AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0002-9505 J9 AM J PHYS JI Am. J. Phys. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 72 IS 8 BP 1026 EP 1034 DI 10.1119/1.1758226 PG 9 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Education & Educational Research; Physics GA 839NQ UT WOS:000222792200008 ER PT J AU Knee, DS Sato, AK Uyehara, CFT Claybaugh, JR AF Knee, DS Sato, AK Uyehara, CFT Claybaugh, JR TI Prenatal exposure to ethanol causes partial diabetes insipidus in adult rats SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-REGULATORY INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE fetal alcohol syndrome; vasopressin; plasma osmolality; thirst; vasopressin messenger ribonucleic acid; neurohypophysis ID ALCOHOL EXPOSURE; SUPRACHIASMATIC NUCLEUS; IMMUNOREACTIVE NEURONS; REGIONAL DIFFERENCES; CELL LOSS; VASOPRESSIN; RELEASE; CORTICOSTERONE; PITUITARY; FLUID AB Chronic consumption of ethanol in adult rats and humans leads to reduced AVP-producing neurons, and prenatal ethanol (PE) exposure has been reported to cause changes in the morphology of AVP-producing cells in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of young rats. The present studies further characterize the effects of PE exposure on AVP in the young adult rat, its hypothalamic synthesis, pituitary storage, and osmotically stimulated release. Pregnant rats were fed a liquid diet with 35% of the calories from ethanol or a control liquid diet for days 7-22 of pregnancy. Water consumption and urine excretion rate were measured in the offspring at 60-68 days of age. Subsequently, the offspring were infused with 5% NaCl at 0.05 ml.kg(-1).min(-1) with plasma samples taken before and at three 40-min intervals during infusion for measurement of AVP and osmolality. Urine output and water intake were similar to20% greater in PE-exposed rats than in rats with no PE exposure, and female rats had a greater water intake than males. The relationship between plasma osmolality and AVP in PE-exposed rats was parallel to, but shifted to the right of, the control rats, indicating an increase in osmotic threshold for AVP release. Pituitary AVP was reduced by 13% and hypothalamic AVP mRNA content was reduced by 35% in PE-exposed rats. Our data suggest that PE exposure can cause a permanent condition of a mild partial central diabetes insipidus. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Claybaugh, JR (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, MCHK C1,1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. EM john.claybaugh@amedd.army.mil NR 32 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0363-6119 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-REG I JI Am. J. Physiol.-Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 287 IS 2 BP R277 EP R283 DI 10.1152/ajpregu.00223.2003 PG 7 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA 840CT UT WOS:000222835300007 PM 15142835 ER PT J AU Pando, MDP Biglione, MM Toscano, MF Rey, JA Russell, KL Negrete, M Gianni, S Martinez-Peralta, L Salomon, H Sosa-Estani, S Montano, SM Olson, JG Sanchez, JL Carr, JK Avila, MM AF Pando, MDP Biglione, MM Toscano, MF Rey, JA Russell, KL Negrete, M Gianni, S Martinez-Peralta, L Salomon, H Sosa-Estani, S Montano, SM Olson, JG Sanchez, JL Carr, JK Avila, MM TI Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and other viral co-infections among young heterosexual men and women in Argentina SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID HEPATITIS-C VIRUS; INTRAVENOUS-DRUG-USERS; TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION; HTLV-II INFECTION; BLOOD-DONORS; BUENOS-AIRES; SEROPREVALENCE; HIV; EPIDEMIOLOGY; INDIANS AB Infections with hepatitis C virus, (HCV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and human T lymphotropic type I/II (HTLV-I/II) virus are commonly found in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). We conducted a seroepidemiologic study among 174 HIV-positive heterosexuals in Buenos Aires, Argentina in 1999. Evidence of exposure to HCV, HBV, and HTLV-I/II was found in 32%,17%, and 5%, respectively. A higher prevalence of HBV infection was observed among males (33%) compared with females (12%; P < 0.05). Among women, a prior history of a sexually transmitted infection, injecting drug use (IDU), having had more than five lifetime sex partners, and having exchanged sex-for-goods were significantly associated with HCV infection, whereas an IDU history, syringe sharing, and having exchanged sex-for-goods were found to be associated with HBV infection. Among men, an IDU history and syringe/needle sharing were significantly associated with HCV infection. The IDU-related and sexual transmission of hepatitis viruses constitute a significant problem among young, HIV-infected, heterosexuals in Argentina. C1 Ctr Nacl Referencia SIDA, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. Hosp Clin Jose San Martin, Lab Hemoterapia, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. US Naval Med Res Ctr Detachment, Lima, Peru. US Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, US Mil HIV Res Program, Rockville, MD USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD USA. RP Pando, MDP (reprint author), Univ Buenos Aires, Fac Med, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Parasitol, Paraguay 2155,Piso 11,C1121ABG, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. EM mpando@fmed.uba.ar; mbiglione@fmed.uba.ar; mfertos@yahoo.com.ar; jrey@arnet.com.ar; Russell@nhrc.navy.mil; mnegreteg@yahoo.com; silviaserman@infovia.com.ar; lilimp@fmed.uba.ar; hsalomon@fmed.uba.ar; ssosaestani@abaconet.com.ar; smontano@nmrcd.med.navy.mil; olson@nmrcd.med.navy.mil; jsanchez@hivresearch.org; Jcarr@hivresearch.org; mavila@fmed.uba.ar NR 34 TC 15 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 71 IS 2 BP 153 EP 159 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 848AZ UT WOS:000223440700005 PM 15306703 ER PT J AU Ballou, WR Arevalo-Herrera, M Carucci, D Richie, TL Corradin, G Diggs, C Druilhe, P Giersing, BK Saul, A Heppner, DG Kester, KE Lanar, DE Lyon, J Hill, AVS Pan, WQ Cohen, JD AF Ballou, WR Arevalo-Herrera, M Carucci, D Richie, TL Corradin, G Diggs, C Druilhe, P Giersing, BK Saul, A Heppner, DG Kester, KE Lanar, DE Lyon, J Hill, AVS Pan, WQ Cohen, JD TI Update on the clinical development of candidate malaria vaccines SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Multilateral Initiative on Malaria Pan-African Malaria Conference CY NOV 17-22, 2002 CL ARUSHA, TANZANIA SP Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, US Agcy Int Dev, JHPIEGO Corp ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM MALARIA; CIRCUMSPOROZOITE PROTEIN VACCINE; APICAL MEMBRANE ANTIGEN-1; HUMORAL IMMUNE-RESPONSES; CYTOTOXIC T-LYMPHOCYTES; VIRUS ANKARA; DNA VACCINE; IN-VITRO; IMMUNOGENICITY; EFFICACY AB The recent availability of significantly increased levels of funding for unmet medical needs in the developing world, made available by newly created public-private-partnerships, has proven to be a powerful driver for stimulating clinical development of candidate vaccines for malaria. This new way forward promises to greatly increase the likelihood of bringing a safe and effective vaccine to licensure. The investigators bring together important published and unpublished information that illuminates the status of malaria vaccine development. They focus their comments on those candidate vaccines that are currently in or expected to enter clinical trials in the next 12 months. C1 GlaxoSmithKline Biol, Clin Res & Dev, Emerging Dis, Rixensart, Belgium. GlaxoSmithKline Biol, Res & Dev, Rixensart, Belgium. Malaria Vaccine & Drug Testing Ctr, Cali, Colombia. USN, Med Res Ctr, Malaria Program, Silver Spring, MD USA. Univ Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. US Agcy Int Dev, Malaria Vaccine Dev Program, Washington, DC USA. Inst Pasteur, Paris, France. NIAID, Malaria Vaccine Dev Unit, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, Silver Spring, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Clin Trials, Silver Spring, MD USA. Univ Oxford, Ctr Clin Vaccinol & Trop Med, Oxford, England. Second Mil Med Univ, Shanghai, Peoples R China. RP Ballou, WR (reprint author), GlaxoSmithKline Biol, Clin Res & Dev, Emerging Dis, 89 Rue Inst, Rixensart, Belgium. EM Ripley.Ballou@gskbio.com RI HILL, Adrian/C-1306-2008; Richie, Thomas/A-8028-2011; Kester, Kent/A-2114-2011; Lanar, David/B-3560-2011; Saul, Allan/I-6968-2013 OI Kester, Kent/0000-0002-5056-0802; Saul, Allan/0000-0003-0665-4091 NR 36 TC 87 Z9 88 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 71 IS 2 SU S BP 239 EP 247 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 850LM UT WOS:000223612900033 PM 15331843 ER PT J AU Johnson, EK Hoyt, CH Dinsmore, RC AF Johnson, EK Hoyt, CH Dinsmore, RC TI Abdominal wall hernia repair: A long-term comparison of sepramesh and dualmesh in a rabbit hernia model SO AMERICAN SURGEON LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the Southeastern-Surgical-Congress CY JAN 31-FEB 03, 2004 CL Atlanta, GA SP SE Surg Congress ID POLYPROPYLENE MESH; ADHESIONS; PREVENTION; MULTICENTER; MEMBRANE AB Surgeons are faced with a wide variety of mesh products, which they can use to perform tension-free abdominal wall hernia repair. The purpose of this study is to compare Sepramesh (SM) and Dualmesh (DM) in terms of strength of tissue incorporation, mesh shrinkage, and adhesiogenesis. We conducted a prospective, randomized trial using 24 New Zealand White rabbits. Each animal underwent creation of a standardized ventral hernia defect and was randomized to receive either SM or DM repair. There were 12 animals in each study arm. Five months postoperatively, the animals were sacrificed and the hernia repairs were analyzed. Specimens were evaluated for strength of incorporation (SOI), mesh shrinkage, as well as the type and amount of adhesions. SOI for DM was not statistically different from SM (37.2N vs 40.8N). DM underwent significantly more shrinkage than did SM (50.8% vs 32.6%, P < 0.0001). Adhesions were predominantly omental in nature. DM demonstrated a greater amount of adhesed area as a percentage of the mesh (30.7% vs 25.2%), but fewer adhesions in terms of absolute area involved (636 mm(2) vs 717 mm(2)). This difference was not statistically significant. Previous studies, terminated at 30 days, demonstrated an increased SOI for SM as compared to DM. This study shows that SOI for DM continues to increase over time such that it is equivalent to DM at 5 months. Though there is increased mesh shrinkage for DM, adhesions to the two materials are equivalent. C1 Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Ft Gordon, GA USA. RP Johnson, EK (reprint author), 4027 Edgecomb Dr, Roswell, GA 30075 USA. NR 9 TC 27 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOUTHEASTERN SURGICAL CONGRESS PI ATLANTA PA 141 WEST WIEUCA RD, STE B100, ATLANTA, GA 30342 USA SN 0003-1348 J9 AM SURGEON JI Am. Surg. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 70 IS 8 BP 657 EP 661 PG 5 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 845YV UT WOS:000223282300001 PM 15328796 ER PT J AU Cohen, SP Mullings, R Abdi, S AF Cohen, SP Mullings, R Abdi, S TI The Pharmacologic treatment of muscle pain SO ANESTHESIOLOGY LA English DT Review ID TENSION-TYPE HEADACHE; LOW-BACK-PAIN; NOCTURNAL LEG CRAMPS; TOXIN TYPE-A; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; TEMPOROMANDIBULAR-JOINT PAIN; CHRONIC FACIAL-PAIN; SUXAMETHONIUM-INDUCED MYALGIA; DOUBLE-BLIND TRIAL C1 Johns Hopkins Med Inst, Dept Anesthesiol, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. Johns Hopkins Med Inst, Dept Crit Care Med, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Miami, Sch Med, Miami, FL 33152 USA. RP Cohen, SP (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Med Inst, Dept Anesthesiol, Blalock 1415,600 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. EM spc_2000@yahoo.com NR 322 TC 16 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0003-3022 J9 ANESTHESIOLOGY JI Anesthesiology PD AUG PY 2004 VL 101 IS 2 BP 495 EP 526 DI 10.1097/00000542-200408000-00032 PG 32 WC Anesthesiology SC Anesthesiology GA 841ON UT WOS:000222940100031 PM 15277934 ER PT J AU West, BJ Scafetta, N Cooke, WH Balocchi, R AF West, BJ Scafetta, N Cooke, WH Balocchi, R TI Influence of progressive central hypovolemia on Holder exponent distributions of cardiac interbeat intervals SO ANNALS OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE lower body negative pressure; cardiac interbeat interval; data analysis; multifractal time series; model of hemmorhage ID MULTIFRACTAL FORMALISM; WAVELET-TRANSFORM; HEART-RATE; SPECTRA; SIGNALS AB The purpose of the study was to determine the dependency of the statistical properties of the R to R interval (RRI) time series on progressive central hypovolemia with lower body negative pressure. Two data-processing techniques based on wavelet transforms were used to determine the change in the nonstationary nature of the RRI time series with changing negative pressure. The results suggest that autonomic neural mechanism driving cardiac interbeat intervals during central hypovolemia go through various levels of multifractality, as determined by Holder exponent distributions. C1 Duke Univ, Pratt Sch Elect Engn Dept, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. USA, Div Math, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. CNR, Ist Fisiol Clin, Area Ric San Cataldo, I-56124 Pisa, Italy. RP West, BJ (reprint author), Duke Univ, Pratt Sch Elect Engn Dept, POB 90291, Durham, NC 27708 USA. EM bruce.j.west@us.army.mil RI West, Bruce/E-3944-2017; OI Scafetta, Nicola/0000-0003-0967-1911 NR 32 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0090-6964 J9 ANN BIOMED ENG JI Ann. Biomed. Eng. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 32 IS 8 BP 1077 EP 1087 DI 10.1114/B:ABME.0000036644.69559.ad PG 11 WC Engineering, Biomedical SC Engineering GA 851GQ UT WOS:000223674000005 PM 15446504 ER PT J AU Kotwal, RS O'Connor, KC Johnson, TR Mosely, DS Meyer, DE Holcomb, JB AF Kotwal, RS O'Connor, KC Johnson, TR Mosely, DS Meyer, DE Holcomb, JB TI A novel pain management strategy for combat casualty care SO ANNALS OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID ORAL TRANSMUCOSAL FENTANYL; BREAKTHROUGH CANCER PAIN; LACERATION REPAIR; CITRATE PREMEDICATION; SPECIAL OPERATIONS; CHILDREN; SEDATION; RESUSCITATION; EMERGENCY; ANALGESIA AB Study objective: Pain control in trauma patients should be an integral part of the continuum of care, beginning at the scene with out-of-hospital trauma management, sustained through the evacuation process and optimized during hospitalization. This, study evaluates the effectiveness of a novel application of a pain control medication, currently indicated for the management of chronic and breakthrough cancer pain, in the reduction of acute pain for wounded Special Operations soldiers in an austere combat environment. Methods: Doses (1,600 mug) of oral transmucosal fentanyl citrate were administered by medical personnel during missions executed in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom from March 3, 2003, to May 3, 2003. Hemodynamically stable casualties presenting with isolated, uncomplicated orthopedic injuries or extremity wounds who would not have otherwise required an intravenous catheter were eligible for treatment and evaluation. Pretreatment, 15-minute posttreatment, and 5-hour posttreatment pain intensities were quantified by the verbal 0-to-10 numeric rating scale. Results: A total of 22 patients, aged 21 to 37 years, met the study criterion. The mean difference in verbal pain scores (5.77; 95% confidence interval [CI] 5.18 to 6.37) was found to be statistically significant between the mean pain rating at 0 minutes and the rating at 15 minutes. However, the mean difference (0.39; 95% CI -0.18 to 0.96) was not statistically significant between 15 minutes and 5 hours, indicating the sustained action of the intervention without the need for redosing. One patient experienced an episode of hypoventilation that resolved readily with administration of naloxone. Other documented adverse effects were minor and included pruritus (22.7%), nausea (13.6%), emesis (9.1%), and lightheadedness (9.1%). Conclusion: Oral transmucosal fentanyl citrate can provide an alternative means of delivering effective, rapid-onset, and noninvasive pain management in an out-of-hospital, combat, or austere environment. C1 Univ Texas, Med Branch, Dept Prevent Med, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. Command & Gen Staff Coll, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Mil & Emergency Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Emergency & Operat Med Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. USA, Inst Surg Res, Trauma Div, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Kotwal, RS (reprint author), Univ Texas, Med Branch, Dept Prevent Med, 301 Univ Blvd, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. EM rskotwal@utmb.edu NR 38 TC 35 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 3 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0196-0644 J9 ANN EMERG MED JI Ann. Emerg. Med. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 44 IS 2 BP 121 EP 127 DI 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2004.03.025 PG 7 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 842AY UT WOS:000222975900005 PM 15278083 ER PT J AU De Lorenzo, RA AF De Lorenzo, RA TI Emergency medicine research on the front lines SO ANNALS OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID CASUALTY CARE RESEARCH; INFORMED-CONSENT; WAR C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, MCHE EM, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP De Lorenzo, RA (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, MCHE EM, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM RADeLorenzo@satx.rr.com NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0196-0644 J9 ANN EMERG MED JI Ann. Emerg. Med. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 44 IS 2 BP 128 EP 130 DI 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2004.05.01 PG 3 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 842AY UT WOS:000222975900006 PM 15278084 ER PT J AU Morgan, CA Southwick, S Hazlett, G Rasmusson, A Hoyt, G Zimolo, Z Charney, D AF Morgan, CA Southwick, S Hazlett, G Rasmusson, A Hoyt, G Zimolo, Z Charney, D TI Relationships among plasma dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate and cortisol levels, symptoms of dissociation, and objective performance in humans exposed to acute stress SO ARCHIVES OF GENERAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article ID UNCONTROLLABLE STRESS; PREGNENOLONE-SULFATE; MAJOR DEPRESSION; NEUROPEPTIDE-Y; DHEA-S; RECEPTOR; MEN; BRAIN; CORTICOSTERONE; NEUROSTEROIDS AB Context: Recently, a growing body of research has provided evidence that dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) is involved in an organism's response to stress and that it may provide beneficial behavioral and neurotrophic effects. Objective: To investigate plasma DHEA-S and cortisol levels, psychological symptoms of dissociation, and military performance. Design: Prospective study. Setting and Participants: Twenty-five healthy subjects enrolled in military survival school. Results: The DHEA-S-cortisol ratios during stress were significantly higher in subjects who reported fewer symptoms of dissociation and exhibited superior military performance. Conclusions: These data provide prospective, empirical evidence that the DHEA-S level is increased by acute stress in healthy humans and that the DHEA-S-cortisol ratio may index the degree to which an individual is buffered against the negative effects of stress. C1 Vet Affairs New England Healthcare Syst, Natl Ctr Posttraumat Stress Disorder, West Haven, CT 06516 USA. Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, New Haven, CT USA. John F Kennedy Special Warfare Training Ctr & Sch, Psychol Applicat Directorate, Ft Bragg, NC USA. NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. USN, Air Stn N Isl, Fleet Aviat Special Operat Training Grp Pacific N, Coronado, CA USA. RP Morgan, CA (reprint author), Vet Affairs New England Healthcare Syst, Natl Ctr Posttraumat Stress Disorder, 950 Campbell Ave, West Haven, CT 06516 USA. EM charles.a.morgan@yale.edu NR 54 TC 129 Z9 134 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-990X J9 ARCH GEN PSYCHIAT JI Arch. Gen. Psychiatry PD AUG PY 2004 VL 61 IS 8 BP 819 EP 825 DI 10.1001/archpsyc.61.8.819 PG 7 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 844EN UT WOS:000223140400007 PM 15289280 ER PT J AU Mainster, MA Stuck, BE Brown, J AF Mainster, MA Stuck, BE Brown, J TI Assessment of alleged retinal laser injuries SO ARCHIVES OF OPHTHALMOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INTENSE LIGHT SOURCES; MACULAR DEGENERATION; CALIFORNIA SYNDROME; PATTERN DYSTROPHY; REITERS-SYNDROME; POINTERS; DAMAGE; EYE; PHOTOCOAGULATION; MECHANISMS AB Accidental retinal laser injuries are easily diagnosed when there are known laser sources, typical macular injuries, and visual deficits consistent with retinal findings. Decisions are more difficult when retinal findings are subtle or absent, despite reported visual problems and somatic complaints. Inaccurate diagnosis of an ocular laser injury can precipitate a costly, lengthy sequence of medical and legal problems. Analysis of laser-tissue interactions and the characteristics of unambiguous retinal laser injuries provide 6 key questions to facilitate difficult diagnoses. Case reports demonstrate the usefulness of answering these questions before making diagnostic decisions. Retinal laser lesions that cause serious visual problems are readily apparent ophthalmoscopically and angiographically. Accidental, intentional, or clinical retinal laser lesions do not cause chronic eye, face, or head pains. Diagnosis of a retinal laser injury should be evidence based, not a matter of conjecture or speculation. C1 Univ Kansas, Sch Med, Dept Ophthalmol, Kansas City, KS 66160 USA. USA, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Med Res Detachment, Brooks AFB, TX USA. Nix Med Ctr, Ophthalmol Associats, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Mainster, MA (reprint author), Univ Kansas, Sch Med, Dept Ophthalmol, 3901 Rainbow Blvd,Mail Stop 3009, Kansas City, KS 66160 USA. EM mmainste@kumc.edu NR 73 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-9950 J9 ARCH OPHTHALMOL-CHIC JI Arch. Ophthalmol. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 122 IS 8 BP 1210 EP 1217 DI 10.1001/archopht.122.8.1210 PG 8 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 845AB UT WOS:000223206900016 PM 15302664 ER PT J AU Baumgartner, BJ Eusterman, VD Willard, CC Morris, JT AF Baumgartner, BJ Eusterman, VD Willard, CC Morris, JT TI Pathology quiz case 1 SO ARCHIVES OF OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD & NECK SURGERY LA English DT Editorial Material ID LYMPH-NODES; TUBERCULOSIS; LYMPHADENOPATHY; DIAGNOSIS C1 Madigan Army Med Ctr, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Baumgartner, BJ (reprint author), Madigan Army Med Ctr, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0886-4470 J9 ARCH OTOLARYNGOL JI Arch. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 130 IS 8 BP 990 EP + DI 10.1001/archotol.130.8.990 PG 3 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA 844DY UT WOS:000223138800014 PM 15313872 ER PT J AU Tominaga, GT Garcia, G Dzierba, A Wong, J AF Tominaga, GT Garcia, G Dzierba, A Wong, J TI Toll of methamphetamine on the trauma system SO ARCHIVES OF SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 75th Annual Meeting of the Pacific-Coast-Surgical-Associaton CY FEB 15, 2004 CL Maui, HI SP Pacific Coast Surg Assoc ID ABUSE; DRUG; ALCOHOL AB Hypothesis: Methamphetamine use affects length of hospital stay in the minimally injured patient. Design: Case series. Setting: The only tertiary trauma center serving Hawaii. Patients: Trauma patients examined during a 12-month period with an Injury Severity Score of 1 to 5 and an age of 18 to 55 years undergoing urine toxicology screen for suspected suicide attempt or altered sensorium. Main Outcome Measures: Presence or absence of amphetamine or methamphetamine on urine toxicology screen, intention of injury, hospital admission rate, length of stay, and hospital charges. Results: During the study period, 1650 trauma patients were examined, with 544 meeting study criteria. Urine toxicology screens were performed in 212 patients, with 57 Positive and 155 negative for amphetamine or methamphetamine. There was no difference in sex (77% vs 73% male; P = .53), Injury Severity Score (3.2 for both groups), or total number of computed tomographic scans performed (mean +/- SEM, 3.0 +/- 0.3 vs 4.0 +/- 0.3; P = .07). Patients in the positive group were more likely to have intentional self-inflicted injury or intentional assaults than patients in the negative group (37% vs 22%; P = .04). The positive group was older than the negative group (33.6 +/- 1.3 vs 29.9 +/- 0.8 years; P = .02), had a significantly longer hospital stay (2.7 +/- 0.4 vs 1.7 +/- 0.1 days; P = .003), had significantly higher hospital charges ($15617 +/- $1866 vs $11600 +/- $648; P = .01), and was more likely admitted to the hospital (91% vs 70%; P = .001) despite the low Injury Severity Score. Conclusion: Methamphetamine use results in trauma center resource utilization out of proportion to injury severity. C1 Queens Med Ctr, Trauma Serv, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Univ Hawaii, John A Burns Sch Med, Dept Surg, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Tominaga, GT (reprint author), Queens Med Ctr, Trauma Serv, 1301 Punchbowl St, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. EM gtominaga@queens.org NR 20 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0004-0010 J9 ARCH SURG-CHICAGO JI Arch. Surg. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 139 IS 8 BP 844 EP 847 DI 10.1001/archsurg.139.8.844 PG 4 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 843WT UT WOS:000223118400011 PM 15302693 ER PT J AU McLellan, TM Bell, DG Kamimori, GH AF McLellan, TM Bell, DG Kamimori, GH TI Caffeine improves physical performance during 24 h of active wakefulness SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE sleep deprivation; forced march; self-paced work; run times to exhaustion; ratings of perceived exertion ID SLEEP-DEPRIVATION; EXERCISE ENDURANCE; PROLONGED EXERCISE; RESPONSES; INGESTION; ADENOSINE; CATECHOLAMINE; METABOLISM; STRESS AB Background: Reductions in both cognitive and physical performance occur during periods of sleep loss with sustained operations. It was the purpose of this study to examine the effects of caffeine on activities chosen to simulate the physical challenges that might occur during a military scenario involving a period of sleep loss. Methods: There were 16 subjects (26.7 +/- 7.8 yr, 83.8 +/- 11.0 kg) who completed a double-blind caffeine and placebo trial involving a control day and sleep period followed by 28 h of sleep deprivation. A 400-mg dose of caffeine was administered at 21:30 followed by subsequent 100-mg doses at 03:00 and 05:00. At 22:00, subjects began a 2-h forced march followed by a sandbag piling task. A treadmill run to exhaustion at 85% of maximal aerobic power was performed at 07:00 of the second day of sleep deprivation. Results: Caffeine had no effect on the heart rate or oxygen consumption, but rating of perceived exertion (RPE) was reduced with caffeine during the forced march. Time to complete the sandbag piling task during set 1 was significantly reduced with caffeine (12.9 +/- 11.0 min) compared with placebo (13.8 +/- 1.0 min) but there was no difference during set 2 and RPE was increased. Time to exhaustion was significantly increased 25% during the run with caffeine (17.0 +/- 4.4 min) compared with placebo (13.5 +/- 3.3 min), and caffeine maintained performance at control levels (16.9 +/- 4.6 min). Conclusions: It was concluded that caffeine is an effective strategy to maintain physical performance during an overnight period of sleep loss at levels comparable to the rested state. C1 Def R&D Canada Toronto, Toronto, ON M3M 3B9, Canada. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP McLellan, TM (reprint author), Def R&D Canada Toronto, 1133 Sheppard Ave W,POB 2000, Toronto, ON M3M 3B9, Canada. EM tom.mclellan@drdc-rddc.gc.ca NR 34 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 2 U2 23 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 75 IS 8 BP 666 EP 672 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 842KY UT WOS:000223004200003 PM 15328782 ER PT J AU Barillo, DJ Cancio, LC Goodwin, CW AF Barillo, DJ Cancio, LC Goodwin, CW TI Treatment of white phosphorus and other chemical burn injuries at one burn center over a 51-year period SO BURNS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th Quardrennuak Meeting of the International-Society-for-Burn-Injury CY AUG, 2002 CL Seattle, WA SP Int Soc Burn Injury DE chemical injury; burn; white phosphorus ID 10-YEAR EXPERIENCE; MANAGEMENT AB Chemical burn injury meets the criteria of the American Burn Association for treatment at a specialized burn facility. Over a 51-year period, we have treated 276 patients with chemical burn injury including 146 white phosphorus injuries. In this study, we compare incidence, cause and outcome of chemical burn injury over time and review the management of white phosphorus injuries. Methods: Data for the period 1986-2000 was obtained by retrospective chart review. Data for the period 1950-1985 was obtained from previous studies and from retrospective chart review. Results: Chemical burn injury comprised 2.1% of all admissions between 1969 and 1985, and 2.07% between 1986 and 2000. The mean body surface area involved was 19.5% in the first 19 years of the study compared with 8.6% over the last 15 years. Mortality increased from 5.4% between 1950 and 1968 to 13.8% between 1969 and 1985. Mortality from 1986 to 2000 was 0%. Hospital length of stay decreased from a mean of 90 days in the first 19 years of the study to a mean of 15 days in the most recent 15-year period. The chemical responsible for injury was white phosphorus in 146 cases. Conclusions: Over time, the proportion of burn center admissions caused by chemical injury is constant, while the average total burn size, full thickness burn size, length of stay and mortality have decreased. During peacetime, the chemicals responsible are similar to those seen in civilian burn centers. The experience of this center with bums caused by white phosphorus is unique and needs to be maintained for future conflicts. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Surg, Shands Burn Ctr, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP Barillo, DJ (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Surg, Shands Burn Ctr, POB 100286, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. EM barildj@surgery.ufl.edu NR 25 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0305-4179 J9 BURNS JI Burns PD AUG PY 2004 VL 30 IS 5 BP 448 EP 452 DI 10.1016/j.burns.2004.01.032 PG 5 WC Critical Care Medicine; Dermatology; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Dermatology; Surgery GA 840AZ UT WOS:000222830700008 PM 15225910 ER PT J AU Lesho, EP Saullo, L Udvari-Nagy, S AF Lesho, EP Saullo, L Udvari-Nagy, S TI A 76-year-old woman with erraric anticoagulation SO CLEVELAND CLINIC JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID NONRHEUMATIC ATRIAL-FIBRILLATION; STROKE PREVENTION; WARFARIN; THERAPY; RISK; INTENSITY; POPULATION; GINSENG; ASPIRIN; GINKGO C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Greater Hazelton Hlth Alliance, Hazleton, PA USA. Cleveland Clin Florida, Weston, FL USA. RP Lesho, EP (reprint author), 611 Forest Glen Rd, Silver Spring, MD 20901 USA. EM emillesho@yahoo.com NR 33 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU CLEVELAND CLINIC PI CLEVELAND PA 9500 EUCLID AVE, CLEVELAND, OH 44106 USA SN 0891-1150 J9 CLEV CLIN J MED JI Clevel. Clin. J. Med. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 71 IS 8 BP 651 EP 656 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 847GB UT WOS:000223379600011 PM 15449760 ER PT J AU Convertino, VA Ratliff, DA Ryan, KL Cooke, WH Doerr, DE Ludwig, DA Muniz, GW Britton, DL Clah, SD Fernald, KB Ruiz, AF Idris, A Lurie, KG AF Convertino, VA Ratliff, DA Ryan, KL Cooke, WH Doerr, DE Ludwig, DA Muniz, GW Britton, DL Clah, SD Fernald, KB Ruiz, AF Idris, A Lurie, KG TI Effects of inspiratory impedance on the carotid-cardiac baroreflex response in humans SO CLINICAL AUTONOMIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE heart rate; blood pressure; baroreflex function; baroreceptor resetting; respiratory resistance ID DECOMPRESSION CARDIOPULMONARY-RESUSCITATION; ORTHOSTATIC HYPOTENSION; THRESHOLD VALVE; BLOOD-PRESSURE; BARORECEPTOR REFLEX; AUTONOMIC FUNCTIONS; PULSATILE PRESSURE; VAGAL BAROREFLEX; EXERCISE; DOGS AB We were interested in a therapeutic device designed to increase carotid-cardiac baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) since high BRS is associated with a lower risk for development of hypotension in humans with experimentally-induced central hypovolemia. We hypothesized that spontaneous breathing through an impedance threshold device (ITD) designed to increase negative intrathoracic pressure during inspiration and elevate arterial blood pressure would acutely increase BRS in humans. We tested this hypothesis by measuring heart rate (HR), systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressures, and carotid-cardiac BRS in 10 female and 10 male subjects breathing through a face mask at three separate ITD conditions: (a) 6 cm H2O; (b) 12 cm H2O; and (c) a control (0 cm H2O). HR was increased (P = 0.013) from 64 +/- 3 bpm during control to 68 +/- 3 bpm at 6 cm H2O ITD and 71 +/- 4 bpm at 12 cm H2O ITD breathing conditions. During ITD breathing, BRS was not altered but responses were shifted to higher arterial pressures. However, SBP and DBP were elevated for both the 6 and 12 cm H2O conditions compared to the 0 cm H2O condition, but returned to control (sham) levels by 30 minutes after cessation of ITD breathing. There were no gender effects for BRS or any hemodynamic responses to breathing through the ITD. We conclude that breathing with inspiratory impedance at relatively low pressures can increase baseline arterial blood pressure, i.e., reset the operational point for SBP on the baroreflex stimulus-response relationship, in healthy subjects. This resetting of the cardiac baroreflex may represent a mechanism that allows blood pressure to increase without a reflex-mediated reduction in HR. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NASA, Bionet Corp, Kennedy Space Ctr, FL 32899 USA. NASA, Biol & Chem Labs Branch, Kennedy Space Ctr, FL 32899 USA. Med Coll Georgia, Georgia Prevent Inst, Dept Pediat, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. Profess Performance Dev Grp Inc, San Antonio, TX USA. NASA, Spaceflight & Life Sci Training Program, Kennedy Space Ctr, FL 32899 USA. RP Convertino, VA (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave,Bldg 3611, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM victor.convertino@amedd.army.mil OI Idris, Ahamed/0000-0001-7113-6499 NR 33 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU DR DIETRICH STEINKOPFF VERLAG PI DARMSTADT PA PO BOX 10 04 62, D-64204 DARMSTADT, GERMANY SN 0959-9851 J9 CLIN AUTON RES JI Clin. Auton. Res. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 14 IS 4 BP 240 EP 248 DI 10.1007/s10286-004-0180-4 PG 9 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 851DM UT WOS:000223665600010 PM 15316841 ER PT J AU Chu, QSC Hammond, LA Schwartz, G Ochoa, L Rha, SY Denis, L Molpus, K Roedig, B Letrent, SP Damle, B DeCillis, AP Rowinsky, EK AF Chu, QSC Hammond, LA Schwartz, G Ochoa, L Rha, SY Denis, L Molpus, K Roedig, B Letrent, SP Damle, B DeCillis, AP Rowinsky, EK TI Phase I and pharmacokinetic study of the oral fluoropyrimidine S-1 on a once-daily-for-28-day schedule in patients with advanced malignancies SO CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID ADVANCED COLORECTAL-CANCER; DIHYDROPYRIMIDINE DEHYDROGENASE-ACTIVITY; 2 BIOCHEMICAL MODULATORS; CONTINUOUS-INFUSION; ANTITUMOR-ACTIVITY; POTASSIUM OXONATE; 5-FLUOROURACIL; FLUOROURACIL; CARCINOMA; TOXICITY AB Purpose: The oral fluoropyrimidine S-1, which consists of a mixture of a 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) prodrug (tegafur), a dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase inhibitor [5-chloro-2,4-dihydroxypyrimidine (CDHP)], and an inhibitor of orotate phosphoribosyltransferase [potassium oxonate (oxonic acid)], was developed to increase the feasibility and therapeutic index of 5-FU administered orally. The principal objective of this study was to assess the feasibility of administering S-1 on a once-daily-for-28-day schedule every 5 weeks, determine the maximum tolerated dose, characterize the pharmacokinetics of S-1, and seek evidence of anticancer activity. Experimental Design: Patients with advanced solid malignancies were treated with escalating doses of S-1 on a once-daily oral schedule for 28 days every 5 weeks. The maximum tolerated dose was defined as the highest dose in which fewer than two of the first six new patients experienced dose-limiting toxicity. The pharmacokinetic profiles of the tegafur, CDHP, and oxonic acid constituents were characterized. Results: Twenty patients were treated with 72 courses of S-1 at three dose levels ranging from 50 to 70 mg/m(2)/day. Diarrhea, which was often associated with abdominal discomfort and cramping, was the principal dose-limiting toxicity of S-1 on this protracted schedule. Nausea, vomiting, mucositis, fatigue, and cutaneous effects were also observed but were rarely severe. Myelosuppression was modest and uncommon. A partial response and a 49% reduction in tumor size were observed in patients with fluoropyrimidine- and irinotecan-resistant colorectal carcinoma. The pharmacokinetic data suggested potent inhibition of 5-FU clearance by CHDP, with resultant 5-FU exposure at least 10-fold higher than that reported from equitoxic doses of tegafur modulated by uracil in the oral fluoropyrimidine UFT. Conclusions: The recommended dose for Phase II studies of S-1 administered once daily for 28 consecutive days every 5 weeks is 50 mg/m2/day. The pharmacokinetic data indicate substantial modulation of 5-FU clearance by CDHP. Based on these pharmacokinetic data, the predictable toxicity profile of S-1, and the low incidence of severe adverse effects at the recommended Phase II dose, evaluations of S-1 on this schedule are warranted in malignancies that are sensitive to the fluoropyrimidines. C1 Canc Therapy & Res Ctr S Texas, Inst Drug Dev, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78285 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Bristol Myers Squibb Co, Pharmaceut Res Inst, Wallingford, CT 06492 USA. RP Rowinsky, EK (reprint author), Canc Therapy & Res Ctr S Texas, Inst Drug Dev, 7979 Wurzbach Rd,4th Floor Zeller Bldg, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. EM erowinsk@idd.org NR 46 TC 33 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 1078-0432 J9 CLIN CANCER RES JI Clin. Cancer Res. PD AUG 1 PY 2004 VL 10 IS 15 BP 4913 EP 4921 DI 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-04-0469 PG 9 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 845PQ UT WOS:000223257200003 PM 15297391 ER PT J AU Tolcher, AW Kuhn, J Schwartz, G Patnaik, A Hammond, LA Thompson, I Fingert, H Bushnell, D Malik, S Kreisberg, J Izbicka, E Smetzer, L Rowinsky, EK AF Tolcher, AW Kuhn, J Schwartz, G Patnaik, A Hammond, LA Thompson, I Fingert, H Bushnell, D Malik, S Kreisberg, J Izbicka, E Smetzer, L Rowinsky, EK TI A phase I pharmacokinetic and biological correlative study of oblimersen sodium (Genasense, G3139), an antisense oligonucleotide to the Bcl-2 mRNA, and of docetaxel in patients with hormone-refractory prostate cancer SO CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID NON-HODGKINS-LYMPHOMA; APOPTOSIS-INDUCING LIGAND; P53 PROTEIN ACCUMULATION; PROAPOPTOTIC GENE BAX; CELL LUNG-CANCER; PROGNOSTIC-SIGNIFICANCE; INTRAVENOUS-INFUSION; MALIGNANT-MELANOMA; ANTITUMOR-ACTIVITY; SCID MICE AB Purpose: To assess the feasibility of administering oblimersen sodium, a phosphorothioate antisense oligonucleotide directed to the Bcl-2 mRNA, with docetaxel to patients with hormone-refractory prostate cancer; to characterize the pertinent pharmacokinetic parameters, Bcl-2 protein inhibition in peripheral blood mononuclear cell(s) (PBMC) and tumor; and to seek preliminary evidence of antitumor activity. Experimental Design: Patients were treated with increasing doses of oblimersen sodium administered by continuous i.v. infusion on days 1 to 6 and docetaxel administered i.v. over 1 h on day 6 every 3 weeks. Plasma was sampled to characterize the pharmacokinetic parameters of both oblimersen and docetaxel, and Bcl-2 protein expression was measured from paired collections of PBMCs pretreatment and post-treatment. Results: Twenty patients received 124 courses of the oblimersen and docetaxel combination at doses ranging from 5 to 7 mg/kg/day oblimersen and 60 to 100 mg/m(2) docetaxel. The rate of severe fatigue accompanied by severe neutropenia was unacceptably high at doses exceeding 7 mg/kg/day oblimersen and 75 mg/m(2) docetaxel. Nausea, vomiting, and fever were common, but rarely severe. Oblimersen mean steady-state concentrations were 3.44 +/- 1.31 and 5.32 +/- 2.34 at the 5- and 7-mg/kg dose levels, respectively. Prostate-specific antigen responses were observed in 7 of 12 taxane-naive patients, but in taxane-refractory patients no responses were observed. Preliminary evaluation of Bcl-2 expression in diagnostic tumor specimens was not predictive of response to this therapy. Conclusions: The recommended Phase II doses for oblimersen and docetaxel on this schedule are 7 mg/kg/day continuous i.v. infusion days 1 to 6, and 75 mg/m(2) i.v. day 6, respectively, once every 3 weeks. The absence of severe toxicities at this recommended dose, evidence of Bcl-2 protein inhibition in PBMC and tumor tissue, and encouraging antitumor activity in HPRC patients warrant further clinical evaluation of this combination. C1 Canc Therapy & Res Ctr S Texas, Inst Drug Dev, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pharmacol, San Antonio, TX 78285 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Surg, San Antonio, TX 78285 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Genta Inc, Berkeley Hts, NJ USA. Aventis Pharmaceut, Bridgewater, NJ USA. RP Tolcher, AW (reprint author), Canc Therapy & Res Ctr S Texas, Inst Drug Dev, 7979 Wurzbach Suite Z414, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. EM atolcher@idd.org FU NCI NIH HHS [U01 CA69853] NR 53 TC 57 Z9 64 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 1078-0432 J9 CLIN CANCER RES JI Clin. Cancer Res. PD AUG 1 PY 2004 VL 10 IS 15 BP 5048 EP 5057 DI 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-03-0701 PG 10 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 845PQ UT WOS:000223257200018 PM 15297406 ER PT J AU Colbeck, SC Perovich, DK AF Colbeck, SC Perovich, DK TI Temperature effects of black versus white polyethylene bases for snow skis SO COLD REGIONS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE snow; skis; friction ID FRICTION AB Basal temperatures of skis were measured to assess the impact of color on basal energy balance. The skis were identical except one had a black base and the other had a white base. The black-based ski ran at higher temperatures than the white-based ski, even when only diffuse sunlight was reaching the snow surface. Heat production calculations suggest that solar radiation absorption at a ski base can contribute significantly to the production of the meltwater film on which skis glide. Since ski-base color affects the energy balance of the base, color should affect ski friction. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Erdc, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Colbeck, SC (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Erdc, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM scolbeck@tpk.net; Perovich@crrel.usace.army.mil NR 8 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-232X J9 COLD REG SCI TECHNOL JI Cold Reg. Sci. Tech. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 39 IS 1 BP 33 EP 38 DI 10.1016/j.coldregions.2003.12.004 PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA 842EO UT WOS:000222986200003 ER PT J AU Tate, MK Rico, PJ Roy, CJ AF Tate, MK Rico, PJ Roy, CJ TI Comparative study of lung cytologic features in normal rhesus (Macaca mulatta), cynomolgus (Macaca fasicularis), and African green (Chlorocebus aethiops) nonhuman primates by use of bronchoscopy SO COMPARATIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID BRONCHOALVEOLAR LAVAGE; MACAQUES; INFECTION; CELLS AB Invasive bronchoscopy and bronchoaveolar lavage (BAL) fluid collection represents an important tool in studies of the respiratory system of nonhuman primates. Bronchoscopy and BAL fluid collection was performed on groups of rhesus (Macaca mulatta) and cynomolgus (Macaca fasicularis) macaques and African green monkeys (Chlorocebus aethiops), and the resulting comparative lavage cytologic features are described. Analysis of the BAL fluid did not reveal significant differences among species with respect to total cells recovered or differential cellular composition. This description of the method used to lavage the nonhuman primates and the resulting lung cytologic findings provide important comparative data for three species commonly used in biomedical research. C1 USA, Div Toxinol & Aerobiol, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 20702 USA. USA, Div Vet Med, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 20702 USA. RP Roy, CJ (reprint author), USA, Div Toxinol & Aerobiol, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 20702 USA. NR 15 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI MEMPHIS PA 9190 CRESTWYN HILLS DR, MEMPHIS, TN 38125 USA SN 1532-0820 J9 COMPARATIVE MED JI Comparative Med. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 54 IS 4 BP 393 EP 396 PG 4 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 847LD UT WOS:000223393100006 PM 15357319 ER PT J AU Su, W AF Su, W TI A novel method to suppress vibration-induced phase noise of crystal oscillators SO CONTROL ENGINEERING PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE polarization analysis; vibration; phase noise; cancellation; oscillators; active control; noise control; compensation ID ACCELERATION AB A compensated polarization-effect tuning technique is used to suppress the mechanical vibration-induced phase noise of quartz crystal oscillators. Unlike the earlier approach, the tuning signal is filtered by a dynamic function that provides both varying magnitude and phase compensation of the nonlinear distortion of the accelerometer and the phase delay of the tuning mechanism thus improving noise cancellation. Laboratory tests demonstrate that vibration-induced phase noise of a crystal oscillator under mechanical vibration is significantly suppressed after using this approach. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USA, RDECOM, Commun Elect Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Su, W (reprint author), USA, RDECOM, Commun Elect Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. EM wei.su@us.army.mil NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0967-0661 J9 CONTROL ENG PRACT JI Control Eng. Practice PD AUG PY 2004 VL 12 IS 8 BP 1065 EP 1070 DI 10.1016/j.conengprac.2004.02.001 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA 831YD UT WOS:000222231900012 ER PT J AU Needham, S Ye, BY Smith, JR Capacio, BR AF Needham, S Ye, BY Smith, JR Capacio, BR TI Development of an HPLC/MS/MS quantitative assay for the anti-chemical warfare agent drug scopolamine from monkey plasma SO DRUG METABOLISM REVIEWS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 7th European ISSX Meeting CY AUG 29-SEP 02, 2004 CL Vancouver, CANADA C1 Alturas Analyt Inc, Moscow, ID USA. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0360-2532 J9 DRUG METAB REV JI Drug Metab. Rev. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 36 SU 1 MA 86 BP 43 EP 43 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 856DF UT WOS:000224023200087 ER PT J AU Cohen, GL Klingner, RE Hayes, JR Sweeney, SC AF Cohen, GL Klingner, RE Hayes, JR Sweeney, SC TI Seismic evaluation of low-rise reinforced masonry buildings with flexible diaphragms: 1. Seismic and quasi-static testing SO EARTHQUAKE SPECTRA LA English DT Article AB This and a companion paper compare the results from shaking-table testing, quasi-static testing, and analytical predictions, to provide a coherent description of the seismic response of low-rise reinforced masonry buildings with flexible roof diaphragms. Two half-scale, low-rise reinforced masonry buildings with flexible roof diaphragms are subjected to earthquake ground motions on the Tri-axial Earthquake and Shock Simulator at the United States Army Construction Engineering Research Laboratory, Engineer Research and Development Center. Following the shaking-table tests, diaphragms and top four courses of attached masonry walls are salvaged from the half-scale structures and tested quasi-statically in their own plane. In contrast to what is usually assumed in design, the half-scale specimens do not behave as systems with a single degree of freedom associated with the in-plane response of the shear walls, but rather a system with a dominant degree of freedom associated with the in-plane response of the roof diaphragm. A new index describing the potential for diaphragm damage is introduced, the diaphragm drift ratio. A companion paper, Part II: Analytical Modeling, presents analytical work intended to corroborate and extend results from experimental testing. C1 Univ Texas, Dept Civil Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA. USA, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Champaign, IL 61826 USA. RP Cohen, GL (reprint author), Univ Texas, Dept Civil Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA. NR 15 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 3 PU EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE PI OAKLAND PA 499 14TH ST, STE 320, OAKLAND, CA 94612-1934 USA SN 8755-2930 J9 EARTHQ SPECTRA JI Earthq. Spectra PD AUG PY 2004 VL 20 IS 3 BP 779 EP 801 DI 10.1193/1.1776558 PG 23 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Geological SC Engineering GA 951VN UT WOS:000230960000013 ER PT J AU Cohen, GL Klingner, RE Hayes, JR Sweeney, SC AF Cohen, GL Klingner, RE Hayes, JR Sweeney, SC TI Seismic evaluation of low-rise reinforced masonry buildings with flexible diaphragms: II. Analytical modeling SO EARTHQUAKE SPECTRA LA English DT Article AB This and a companion paper compare the results from shaking-table testing, quasi-static testing, and analytical predictions to provide a coherent description of the seismic response of low-rise reinforced masonry buildings with flexible roof diaphragms. This paper presents the development, implementation, and results of coordinated analytical modeling intended to corroborate and extend the results of experimental work discussed in a companion paper, Part 1: Seismic and Quasi-Static Testing, and more important, examine the efficacy and accuracy of different analytical modeling approaches. Specifically, linear elastic finite-element models, simplified two-degree-of-freedom models, and nonlinear lumped-parameter models are created and all agree well with measured responses. Based on these, a simple design tool for the analysis of low-rise reinforced masonry buildings with flexible diaphragms is developed and verified. C1 Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. USA, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Champaign, IL 61826 USA. RP Cohen, GL (reprint author), Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. NR 17 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 5 PU EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE PI OAKLAND PA 499 14TH ST, STE 320, OAKLAND, CA 94612-1934 USA SN 8755-2930 J9 EARTHQ SPECTRA JI Earthq. Spectra PD AUG PY 2004 VL 20 IS 3 BP 803 EP 824 DI 10.1193/1.1776559 PG 22 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Geological SC Engineering GA 951VN UT WOS:000230960000014 ER PT J AU Fredrickson, HL Furey, J Talley, JW Richmond, M AF Fredrickson, Herbert L. Furey, John Talley, Jeffrey W. Richmond, Margaret TI Bioavailability of hydrophobic organic contaminants and quality of organic carbon SO ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE hydrophobic organic contaminants; fugacity; organic contaminant aqueous partition coefficient; total organic carbon; sediments; black carbon ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; SEDIMENTS; ACCUMULATION; SORPTION; FISH AB U.S. laws require that contaminant bioaccumulation potential be evaluated before dredged material can be recycled. Simple fugacity models, e.g. organic contaminant aqueous partition coefficient (K-oc)-derived theoretical bioaccumulation potential, are commonly used to estimate the partitioning of hydrophobic organic contaminants between sediment organic matter and organism lipid. K-oc-derived models, with or without the addition of a soot carbon term, did not accurately or consistently predict total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorobiphenyls partitioning of eight sediments from ongoing dredging operations onto C-18-Coated filter paper. These models also failed to predict the partitioning of individual PAHs from these eight sediments. These data underscore the trade-offs between the ease of using simple models and the uncertainty of predicted partitioning values. C1 USA, Environm Lab, R&D Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Univ Notre Dame, Dept Civil Engn & Geol Sci, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. RP Fredrickson, HL (reprint author), USA, Environm Lab, R&D Ctr, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM Herbert.L.Fredrickson@erdc.usace.army.mill NR 11 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 4 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1610-3653 J9 ENVIRON CHEM LETT JI Environ. Chem. Lett. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 2 IS 2 BP 77 EP 81 DI 10.1007/s10311-004-0062-y PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 064UF UT WOS:000239113900006 ER PT J AU Kenefick, RW Mahood, NV Hazzard, MP Quinn, TJ Castellani, JW AF Kenefick, RW Mahood, NV Hazzard, MP Quinn, TJ Castellani, JW TI Hypohydration effects on thermoregulation during moderate exercise in the cold SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE environment; heat production; hypovolemia; vasoconstriction ID CARDIAC-OUTPUT; BODY; DEHYDRATION; EXPOSURE; VOLUME AB Hyperosmotic hypovolemia impairs vasoconstriction during sedentary cold exposure. The purpose of this study was to determine whether hypohydration alters thermoregulation and cardiovascular responses to exercise in cold air. On four occasions, eight males [35.1 (2.7) years, 175.5 (3.1) cm, 73.3 (2.6) kg, 57.2 (2.6) ml kg(-1) min(-1) maximal oxygen uptake ((V) over dot O-2max), 19.6 (2.4)% fat] walked, in t-shirt, shorts, and shoes, at 50% (V) over dot O-2max, for 60 min in either a 4degreesC (Cold) or a 25degreesC (Temperate) environment in both hypohydrated state (HYPO, -4% body mass) and euhydrated state (EU). During exercise-cold stress, rectal temperature (T-re), mean weighted skin temperature, heart rate (HR), cardiac output (CO), and stroke volume (SV) were measured every 20 min. Mean weighted skin temperature values were not different between HYPO and EU but were lower (P<0.05) in Cold versus Temperate trials. T-re was not different (P>0.05) between HYPO-Cold and EU-Cold. CO and SV were not different within hydration states and were not different between Cold and Temperate trials (P<0.05). HR was not different between HYPO-Cold and EU-Cold. These data demonstrate that moderate intensity exercise in the cold while hypohydrated does not alter metabolic heat production, skin temperatures and heat loss, nor does it increase thermoregulatory and cardiovascular strain. C1 Univ New Hampshire, Dept Kinesiol, Durham, NH 03824 USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Kenefick, RW (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Dept Kinesiol, New Hampshire Hall, Durham, NH 03824 USA. EM RWK@hopper.unh.edu NR 18 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1439-6319 J9 EUR J APPL PHYSIOL JI Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 92 IS 4-5 BP 565 EP 570 DI 10.1007/s00421-004-1079-4 PG 6 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 848KE UT WOS:000223465500027 PM 15045503 ER PT J AU Landrum, H Prybutok, VR AF Landrum, H Prybutok, VR TI A service quality and success model for the information service industry SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF OPERATIONAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE service operations; quality management; service quality; information services ID CONSUMER PERCEPTIONS; EXPECTATIONS; EXTENSION; SCALE AB This study proposes and tests a model of library success that shows how information service quality relates to other variables associated with success. If service quality affects success, then it should be possible to compare service quality to other variables believed to affect success. A modified version of the SERVQUAL instrument was evaluated to determine how effectively it measures service quality within the information service industry. Instruments designed to measure information center success and information system success were evaluated to determine how effectively they measure success in the library system application and how they relate to SERVQUAL. Responses from 385 end users at two US Army Corps of Engineers libraries were obtained through a mail survey. Results indicate that service quality is best measured with a performance-based version of SERVQUAL, and that measuring importance may be as critical as measuring expectations for management purposes. Results also indicate that service quality is an important factor in success. The findings have implications for the development of new instruments to more effectively measure information service quality and information service success as well as for the development of new models that better show the relationship between information service quality and information service success. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 N Texas State Univ, Coll Business Adm, Dept Business Comp Informat Syst, Denton, TX 76203 USA. USA Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, CEWES IM R, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Prybutok, VR (reprint author), N Texas State Univ, Coll Business Adm, Dept Business Comp Informat Syst, POB 305249-13677, Denton, TX 76203 USA. EM landruh@wes.army.mil; prybutok@unt.edu OI Prybutok, Victor/0000-0003-3810-9039 NR 32 TC 61 Z9 63 U1 15 U2 38 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0377-2217 J9 EUR J OPER RES JI Eur. J. Oper. Res. PD AUG 1 PY 2004 VL 156 IS 3 BP 628 EP 642 DI 10.1016/S0377-2217(03)00125-5 PG 15 WC Management; Operations Research & Management Science SC Business & Economics; Operations Research & Management Science GA 811HT UT WOS:000220763700008 ER PT J AU Waters, NC Dow, GS Kozar, MP AF Waters, NC Dow, GS Kozar, MP TI Antimalarial compound identification and design: advances in the patent literature, 2000-2003 SO EXPERT OPINION ON THERAPEUTIC PATENTS LA English DT Review DE antifolate; artemisinin; drug discovery; malaria; Plasmadium falciparum; quinoline ID THYMIDYLATE SYNTHASE GENE; AMODIAQUINE-INDUCED AGRANULOCYTOSIS; FALCIPARUM DIHYDROFOLATE-REDUCTASE; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; PYRIMETHAMINE RESISTANCE; ARTEMISININ DERIVATIVES; CYCLOGUANIL RESISTANCE; IN-VITRO; MALARIA; CHLOROQUINE AB World patents filed from 2000 to 2003 claiming specific in vitro or in vivo antimalarial activity are examined and compiled in this review in a format that allows comparison across different chemical classes or drug targets. The most over-represented classes include the 1-desoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate (DOXP) reductoisomerase inhibitors and novel quinoline or artemisinin analogues. This finding can be linked to important trends in the clinical development of new antimalarial drugs. Patents disclosing novel classes of antimalarial drugs were scarce. This may mean that the target-directed screening effort in malaria has not yet come to fruition, has not been commercially exploited in an appropriate manner, or that next generation compounds in known drug classes are more viable commercial entities. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Waters, NC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM norman.waters@na.amedd.army.mil RI Kozar, Michael/A-9155-2011 NR 78 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASHLEY PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA UNITEC HOUSE, 3RD FL, 2 ALBERT PLACE, FINCHLEY CENTRAL, LONDON N3 1QB, ENGLAND SN 1354-3776 J9 EXPERT OPIN THER PAT JI Expert Opin. Ther. Patents PD AUG PY 2004 VL 14 IS 8 BP 1125 EP 1138 DI 10.1517/13543776.14.8.1125 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 841XK UT WOS:000222965300002 ER PT J AU Armstrong, A Neithardt, AB Alvero, R Sharara, FI Bush, M Segars, J AF Armstrong, A Neithardt, AB Alvero, R Sharara, FI Bush, M Segars, J TI The role of fallopian tube anastomosis in training fellows: a survey of current reproductive endocrinology fellows and practitioners SO FERTILITY AND STERILITY LA English DT Editorial Material ID STERILIZATION AB This survey of fellows and reproductive endocrinologists in practice suggests that decreasing numbers of tubal reanastomosis procedures are being performed. This change has occurred both in fellow training and in the clinical practice of reproductive endocrinologists. C1 NICHD, Pediat & Reprod Endocrinol Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Aurora, CO USA. Virginia Ctr Reprod Med, Reston, VA USA. George Washington Univ, Washington, DC USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Armstrong, A (reprint author), NICHD, Pediat & Reprod Endocrinol Branch, NIH, 10 Ctr Dr,Bldg 10,9D42, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM armstroa@mail.nih.gov NR 8 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0015-0282 J9 FERTIL STERIL JI Fertil. Steril. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 82 IS 2 BP 495 EP 497 DI 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2004.02.107 PG 3 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA 845RW UT WOS:000223263000046 PM 15302313 ER PT J AU Winter, WE Maxwell, GL Tian, CQ Sobel, E Rose, GS Thomas, G Carlson, JW AF Winter, WE Maxwell, GL Tian, CQ Sobel, E Rose, GS Thomas, G Carlson, JW TI Association of hemoglobin level with survival in cervical carcinoma patients treated with concurrent cisplatin and radiotherapy: a Gynecologic Oncology Group study SO GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE hemoglobin; cervical cancer; chemoradiation ID RADIATION-THERAPY; PELVIC RADIATION; CANCER; CHEMOTHERAPY AB Objectives. To determine if there is an association of hemoglobin level before or during concurrent cisplatin and radiotherapy (RT) with disease outcome in women with locally advanced cervical cancer, and to assess if the association is particularly significant at a specific interval or time during treatment. Methods. A retrospective review of 494 patients treated on two consecutive prospective Gynecologic Oncology Group (GOG) trials was conducted. Demographic data, pathologic information, treatment-related factors, and hemoglobin values at baseline and during each week of therapy were collected. Cox proportional hazards model was performed to evaluate the impact of hemoglobin level on progression-free survival (PFS). Results. Of the combined patients, 278 (56%) and 216 (44%) were diagnosed with Stage II and Stage III/IV disease, respectively. Controlling for age, race, performance status, disease stage, tumor size, cell type, and duration of radiotherapy, mean hemoglobin values during treatment were predictive of disease progression (P < 0.0001). The pretreatment level was not significant when hemoglobin levels during treatment were included in the multivariate analysis. When the 6-week treatment course was divided into 2-week periods (early, middle, and late), analysis revealed hemoglobin values during the late period were the most predictive of disease progression (P = 0.0289). Conclusions. Hemoglobin levels during combined radiotherapy and cisplatin were independent predictors of treatment outcome in advanced cervical carcinoma. The pretreatment level was not a significant predictor of outcome when hemoglobin levels during treatment were included in the multivariate regression model. Levels in the last part of treatment were the most predictive of disease recurrence and survival. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol Oncol, Div Gynecol Oncol, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Roswell Pk Canc Inst, Gynecol Oncol Grp, Stat & Data Ctr, Buffalo, NY 14263 USA. Toronto Sunnybrook Reg Canc Ctr, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada. RP Maxwell, GL (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol Oncol, Div Gynecol Oncol, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Room 6762,Bldg 2,6900 Georgia Ave, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM george.maxwell@na.amedd.army.mil FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 27469, CA 37517] NR 12 TC 34 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0090-8258 J9 GYNECOL ONCOL JI Gynecol. Oncol. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 94 IS 2 BP 495 EP 501 DI 10.1016/j.ygyno.2004.04.008 PG 7 WC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 846GG UT WOS:000223303100038 PM 15297194 ER PT J AU Ingari, JV Faillace, JJ AF Ingari, JV Faillace, JJ TI Benign tumors of fibrous tissue and adipose tissue in the hand SO HAND CLINICS LA English DT Article ID TENDON SHEATH; NODULAR FASCIITIS; AGGRESSIVE FIBROMATOSIS; DESMOID TUMOR; MEDIAN NERVE; LIPOFIBROMA; PALM; MRI AB This article presents the current understanding of soft tissue hand tumors and the best options for treating them. The majority of soft tissue hand tumors are benign. Discussion includes hand tumors of fibrous and adipose tissue origin, determining the diagnostic and therapeutic pathways for these tumors, and controversial treatment issues. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Ingari, JV (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed Surg, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. EM john.ingari@haw.tamc.amedd.army.mil NR 34 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0749-0712 J9 HAND CLIN JI Hand Clin. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 20 IS 3 BP 243 EP + DI 10.1016/j.hcl.2004.03.013 PG 7 WC Orthopedics SC Orthopedics GA 845FQ UT WOS:000223223000003 PM 15275683 ER PT J AU Pakhomov, AG Phinney, A Ashmore, J Walker, K Kolb, JF Kono, S Schoenbach, KH Murphy, MR AF Pakhomov, AG Phinney, A Ashmore, J Walker, K Kolb, JF Kono, S Schoenbach, KH Murphy, MR TI Characterization of the cytotoxic effect of high-intensity, 10-ns duration electrical pulses SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Nonthermal Medical/Biological Treatments Using Electromagnetic Fields and Ionized Gases CY JUN 11-13, 2003 CL San Antonio, TX DE apoptosis; cytotoxicity; nanosecond electrical pulses ID APOPTOSIS; CELLS; NECROSIS; TECHNOLOGY; ACTIVATION; CLEAVAGE; TISSUES AB Cytotoxic effects of 10-ns electrical pulses (EP, 50-380 kV/cm) were analyzed in cultured U937 cells (human lymphoma). Densities of live and dead cells were compared in over 500 samples at intervals from 0.5 to 48 h post exposure. EP trains of 1-20 pulses caused a minor, if any, decrease in cell survival: 24 h post exposure, the density of live cells typically dropped just 10-20% compared with unexposed parallel control. Within studied limits, this effect did not significantly depend on the EP number, voltage, or repetition rate. However, much longer EP trains could cause a sharp survival decline. The transition from plateau to profound cell killing occurred at about 150 pulses at 150 kV/cm, and at over 1000 pulses at 50 kV/cm. Artifact-free thermometry. using a fiber optic microprobe established unequivocally that cell killing by extra-long EP trains was not a result of sample heating and has to be explained by other mechanisms. Testing for specific apoptotic cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase at scattered time intervals (1-24 h) after EP exposure produced mostly negative results. Overall, 10-ns EP caused far weaker cytotoxic effect than it was reported earlier from experiments in other cell lines and mostly with longer pulses (60 and 300 ns). The survival curve shape (i.e., the shoulder followed by exponential decline) is also characteristic for other cytotoxic factors, such as low-LET ionizing radiation, thereby possibly pointing to common mechanisms or targets. C1 USA, Med Res Detachment, McKesson BioServ Corp, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Human Effectiveness Directorate, Directed Energy Bioeffects Div, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. Old Dominion Univ, Ctr Bioelect, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. RP Pakhomov, AG (reprint author), USA, Med Res Detachment, McKesson BioServ Corp, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. EM pakhomov@swbell.net; jkolb@odu.edu; kohno@ariake-nct.ac.jp; kschoenb@odu.edu; michael.murphy@brooks.af.mil RI Kolb, Juergen/A-5515-2016 OI Kolb, Juergen/0000-0002-0434-5001 NR 31 TC 55 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 32 IS 4 BP 1579 EP 1586 DI 10.1109/TPS.2004.831773 PN 2 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 863EW UT WOS:000224544700009 ER PT J AU Seaman, RL Jauchem, JR AF Seaman, RL Jauchem, JR TI Rat electrocardiogram during acute exposure to synchronized bursts of ultra-wideband pulses SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Nonthermal Medical/Biological Treatments Using Electromagnetic Fields and Ionized Gases CY JUN 11-13, 2003 CL San Antonio, TX DE electrocardiogram; giga transverse electromagnetic cell; ketamine; peak-to-peak amplitude; respiratory rate; R-R interval; R-wave; Sprague-Dawley; T-wave; UWB pulses ID LETHAL HEAT-STRESS; ELECTROMAGNETIC PULSES; BLOOD-PRESSURE; RADIOFREQUENCY RADIATION; SPECTRAL-ANALYSIS; VARIABILITY; MICROWAVES; ABSORPTION; SYSTEM; MODELS AB Rats under ketamine anesthesia were exposed to bursts of ultra-wideband (UWB) electromagnetic pulses at two different times during the electrocardiogram (ECG) to investigate possible changes in the ECG immediately after start of exposure. Animals were exposed to UWB pulses in a giga transverse electromagnetic cell (GTEM) with the body axis parallel to the direction of UWB propagation (k-polarization) or the magnetic field vector (H-polarization) in separate experiments. In both experiments, UWB pulses at animal thorax had 106 kV/m peak amplitude, 0.78-0.79 ns duration, and 170-186 ps rise time (mean values) and were applied in 25-ms bursts at 1-kHz repetition frequency. The bursts were synchronized to the artifact-free ECG and occurred either during the R-wave or the T-wave of the ECG. Time intervals measured and analyzed in the ECG were PR, the time between start of R-wave and start of R-wave; RT, the time between start of R-wave and apex of the T-wave; and QT, the time between start of R-wave and end of T-wave. The time between successive R-waves, RR,was also determined. No change attributable to UWB exposure was seen in any of these intervals within 5 cardiac cycles of the start of exposure. We conclude that UWB pulses applied during the R-wave or the T-wave do not acutely change timing of events in the cardiac cycle of the anesthetized rat. C1 USA, Med Res Detachment, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Directed Energy Bioeffects Div, Radiofrequency Radiat Branch, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. RP Seaman, RL (reprint author), USA, Med Res Detachment, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. EM ronald.seaman@brooks.af.mil; james.jauchem@brooks.af.mil NR 37 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 32 IS 4 BP 1644 EP 1652 DI 10.1109/TPS.2004.830959 PN 2 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 863EW UT WOS:000224544700017 ER PT J AU Lalitha, PV Ware, LA Barbosa, A Dutta, S Moch, JK Haynes, JD Fileta, BB White, CE Lanar, DE AF Lalitha, PV Ware, LA Barbosa, A Dutta, S Moch, JK Haynes, JD Fileta, BB White, CE Lanar, DE TI Production of the subdomains of the Plasmodium falciparum apical membrane antigen 1 ectodomain and analysis of the immune response SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID BLOOD-STAGE VACCINE; GROWTH IN-VITRO; INHIBITORY ANTIBODIES; ERYTHROCYTE INVASION; MALARIA; PROTEIN; MEROZOITES; KNOWLESI; MONKEYS; AMA-1 AB The apical membrane antigen 1 of Plasmodium falciparum is one of the leading candidate antigens being developed as a vaccine to prevent malaria. This merozoite transmembrane protein has an ectodomain that can be divided into three subdomains (D I, D II, and D III). We have previously expressed a major portion of this ectodomain and have shown that it can induce antibodies that prevent merozoite invasion into red blood cells in an in vitro growth and invasion assay. To analyze the antibody responses directed against the individual subdomains, we constructed six different genes that express each of the domains separately (D I, D II, or D III) or in combination with another domain (D I+II, D II+III, or D I+III). These proteins were purified and used to immunize rabbits to raise construct-specific antibodies. We demonstrated that D I+II induced a significant amount of the growth-inhibitory antibodies active in the growth and invasion assay. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Biometr, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Naval Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Lanar, DE (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM david.lanar@na.amedd.army.mil RI Lanar, David/B-3560-2011; OI Barbosa, Arnoldo/0000-0001-8652-7396 NR 35 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 72 IS 8 BP 4464 EP 4470 DI 10.1128/IAI.72.8.4464-4470.2004 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 841LW UT WOS:000222932600018 PM 15271904 ER PT J AU Wongratanacheewin, S Kespichayawattana, W Intachote, P Pichyangkul, S Sermswan, RW Krieg, AM Sirisinha, S AF Wongratanacheewin, S Kespichayawattana, W Intachote, P Pichyangkul, S Sermswan, RW Krieg, AM Sirisinha, S TI Immunostimulatory CpG oligodeoxynucleotide confers protection in a murine model of infection with Burkholderia pseudomallei SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; GAMMA-INTERFERON; IFN-GAMMA; SEVERE MELIOIDOSIS; BACTERIAL-DNA; DEPENDENT PROTECTION; DENDRITIC CELLS; INOS PRODUCTION; C57BL/6 MICE; SEPSIS AB Although CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG ODNs) are known to enhance resistance against infection in a number of animal models, little is known about the CpG-induced protection against acute fatal sepsis such as that associated with the highly virulent bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei. We previously demonstrated in an in vitro study that immunostimulatory CpG ODN 1826 enhances phagocytosis of B. pseudomallei and induces nitric oxide synthase and nitric oxide production by mouse macrophages. In the present study, CpG ODN 1826 given intramuscularly to BALB/c mice 2 to 10 days prior to B. pseudomallei challenge conferred better than 90% protection. CpG ODN 1826 given 2 days before the bacterial challenge rapidly enhanced the innate immunity of these animals, judging from the elevated serum levels of interleukin-12 (IL-12)p70 and gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) over the baseline values. No bacteremia was detected on day 2 in 85 to 90% of the CpG-treated animals, whereas more than 80% of the untreated animals exhibited heavy bacterial loads. Although marked elevation of IFN-gamma was found consistently in the infected animals 2 days after the bacterial challenge, it was ameliorated by the CpG ODN 1826 pretreatment (P = 0.0002). Taken together, the kinetics of bacteremia and cytokine profiles presented are compatible with the possibility that protection by CpG ODN 1826 against acute fatal septicemic melioidosis in this animal model is associated with a reduction of bacterial load and interference with the potential detrimental effect of the robust production of proinflammatory cytokines associated with R pseudomallei multiplication. C1 Khon Kaen Univ, Fac Med, Dept Microbiol, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand. Khon Kaen Univ, Fac Med, Dept Biochem, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand. AFRIMS, US Army Med Component, Dept Immunol & Med, Bangkok, Thailand. AFRIMS, US Army Med Component, Immunol Lab, Bangkok, Thailand. Mahidol Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Microbiol, Bangkok 10700, Thailand. Coley Pharmaceut Grp, Wellesley, MA USA. RP Wongratanacheewin, S (reprint author), Khon Kaen Univ, Fac Med, Dept Microbiol, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand. EM sura_wng@kku.ac.th RI Khon Kaen University, Faculty of Medicine/A-3133-2009 NR 46 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 72 IS 8 BP 4494 EP 4502 DI 10.1128/IAI.72.8.4494-4502.2004 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 841LW UT WOS:000222932600022 PM 15271908 ER PT J AU Lincoln, AE Sorock, GS Courtney, TK Wellman, HM Smith, GS Amoroso, PJ AF Lincoln, AE Sorock, GS Courtney, TK Wellman, HM Smith, GS Amoroso, PJ TI Using narrative text and coded data to develop hazard scenarios for occupational injury interventions SO INJURY PREVENTION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd National Occupational Injury Research Symposium (NOIRS) CY OCT, 2003 CL Natl Occupat Safety Hlth, Pittsburgh, PA SP Natl Safety Council, Amer Soc Safety Res HO Natl Occupat Safety Hlth ID SURVEILLANCE; ACCIDENTS AB Objective: To determine whether narrative text in safety reports contains sufficient information regarding contributing factors and precipitating mechanisms to prioritize occupational back injury prevention strategies. Design, setting, subjects, and main outcome measures: Nine essential data elements were identified in narratives and coded sections of safety reports for each of 94 cases of back injuries to United States Army truck drivers reported to the United States Army Safety Center between 1987 and 1997. The essential elements of each case were used to reconstruct standardized event sequences. A taxonomy of the event sequences was then developed to identify common hazard scenarios and opportunities for primary interventions. Results: Coded data typically only identified five data elements (broad activity, task, event/exposure, nature of injury, and outcomes) while narratives provided additional elements (contributing factor, precipitating mechanism, primary source) essential for developing our taxonomy. Three hazard scenarios were associated with back injuries among Army truck drivers accounting for 83% of cases: struck by/ against events during motor vehicle crashes; falls resulting from slips/trips or loss of balance; and overexertion from lifting activities. Conclusions: Coded data from safety investigations lacked sufficient information to thoroughly characterize the injury event. However, the combination of existing narrative text (similar to that collected by many injury surveillance systems) and coded data enabled us to develop a more complete taxonomy of injury event characteristics and identify common hazard scenarios. This study demonstrates that narrative text can provide the additional information on contributing factors and precipitating mechanisms needed to target prevention strategies. C1 Dept Vet Affairs, War Related Illness & Injury Study Ctr, Washington DC Vet Adm Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20422 USA. Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. Liberty Mutual Res Inst Safety, Hopkinton, MA USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Lincoln, AE (reprint author), Dept Vet Affairs, War Related Illness & Injury Study Ctr, Washington DC Vet Adm Med Ctr, 50 Irving St NW, Washington, DC 20422 USA. EM Andrew.Lincoln@med.va.gov RI Courtney, Theodore/J-8902-2013; OI Smith, Gordon/0000-0002-2911-3071 FU NIOSH CDC HHS [R01 OH03703-01A1] NR 22 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 1 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1353-8047 J9 INJURY PREV JI Inj. Prev. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 10 IS 4 BP 249 EP 254 DI 10.1136/ip.2004.005181 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 852PI UT WOS:000223768500012 PM 15314055 ER PT J AU Chen, X Chandra, N Rajendran, AM AF Chen, X Chandra, N Rajendran, AM TI Analytical solution to the plate impact problem of layered heterogeneous material systems SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES LA English DT Article DE wave interactions; layered heterogeneous material systems; shock response; plate impact ID SHOCK-WAVE PROPAGATION; COMPOSITE-MATERIALS; STRESS WAVES AB An analytical solution to the problem of one-dimensional high amplitude wave propagation in layered heterogeneous material systems has been developed, based on Floquet's theory of ODEs with periodic coefficients. The problem is formulated based on a conventional plate impact experimental configuration. In a plate impact test, the boundary condition at the plane of the impact varies with time as a result of multiple wave interactions at the interfaces of the layered target material. The approach of the solution is to convert the initial velocity boundary value problem to a time-dependent stress boundary value problem and then obtain the stress time history by means of superposition. By taking this approach, we explicitly consider multiple wave interactions at the heterogeneous interfaces. A characteristic steady-state stress sigma(mean) for heterogenous material has been identified which is quite different from sigma(0) the stress at the initial time of impact. It is shown that sigma(mean) can be obtained by summing up the stress increments at the interfaces or by using mixture theory. The late-time (steady-state) solution procedures for the plate impact problem are presented for impact velocities corresponding to elastic as well as shock wave loading conditions. Results from the analytical model compare well with both numerical results obtained from a shock wave based finite element code and experimental data. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Florida State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. USA, Res Off, Engn Sci Directorate, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Chandra, N (reprint author), Florida State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, 2525 Pottsdamer St, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. EM chandra@eng.fsu.edu RI Rajendran, Arunachalam/A-1615-2010 NR 22 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0020-7683 J9 INT J SOLIDS STRUCT JI Int. J. Solids Struct. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 41 IS 16-17 BP 4635 EP 4659 DI 10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2004.02.064 PG 25 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA 839XT UT WOS:000222819000021 ER PT J AU Ablowitz, MJ Prinari, B Trubatch, AD AF Ablowitz, MJ Prinari, B Trubatch, AD TI Soliton interactions in the vector NLS equation SO INVERSE PROBLEMS LA English DT Article ID NONLINEAR SCHRODINGER-EQUATIONS; OPTICAL-FIBERS; PROPAGATION; COLLISIONS AB Collisions of solitons for two coupled and N-coupled NLS equation are investigated from various viewpoints. By suitably employing Manakov's well-known formulae for the polarization shift of interacting vector solitons, it is shown that the multisoliton interaction process is pairwise and the net result of the interaction is independent of the order in which such collisions occur. Further, this is shown to be related to the fact that the map determining the interaction of two solitons with nontrivial internal degrees of freedom (e.g. vector solitons) satisfies the Yang-Baxter relation. The associated matrix factorization problem is discussed in detail. Soliton interactions are also described in terms of linear fractional transformations, and the problem of existence of a solution for a basic three-collision gate, which has recently been introduced, is analysed. C1 Univ Colorado, Dept Appl Math, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Dipartimento Fis, Lecce, Italy. Sez INFN, Lecce, Italy. US Mil Acad, Dept Math Sci, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Ablowitz, MJ (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Appl Math, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. OI Prinari, Barbara/0000-0001-8809-2656 NR 27 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0266-5611 J9 INVERSE PROBL JI Inverse Probl. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 20 IS 4 BP 1217 EP 1237 AR PII S0266-5611(04)73152-4 DI 10.1088/0266-5611/20/4/012 PG 21 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA 849MG UT WOS:000223542200012 ER PT J AU Yoon, J Finger, DR Pina, JS AF Yoon, J Finger, DR Pina, JS TI Spontaneous pneumothorax in scleroderma SO JCR-JOURNAL OF CLINICAL RHEUMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE scleroderma; pneumothorax; pulmonary fibrosis ID SYSTEMIC-SCLEROSIS; DISEASE AB We present an illustrative case of a patient with advanced scleroderma who presented with a spontaneous pneumothorax, a condition that has only rarely been reported previously in association with scleroderma. Our patient and those previously reported had advanced pulmonary fibrosis with honeycombing and subpleural cysts, with spontaneous pneumothorax occurring secondary to cyst rupture. Our patient was treated with chest tube thoracostomy, but her spontaneous pneumothorax later recurred. She was then treated with talc pleurodesis and has not had a recurrence in 18 months of follow-up. Spontaneous pneumothorax remains a rare pulmonary manifestation of scleroderma, occurring only in patients with advanced pulmonary fibrosis associated with cyst formation and rupture. Initial management consists of chest tube insertion, but recurrence is high and may require pleurodesis or partial lobectomy. Physicians managing patients with scleroderma should be aware of spontaneous pneumothorax, especially in those with advanced pulmonary fibrosis and subpleural cysts. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Honolulu, HI USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Rheumatol Serv, Honolulu, HI USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Pulm Serv, Honolulu, HI USA. RP Yoon, J (reprint author), Rheumatol Serv, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. EM Jiun.Yoon@us.army.mil NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1076-1608 J9 JCR-J CLIN RHEUMATOL JI JCR-J. Clin. Rheumatol. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 10 IS 4 BP 207 EP 209 DI 10.1097/01.rhu.0000135557.49432.56 PG 3 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 846DZ UT WOS:000223296600008 PM 17043510 ER PT J AU Kiang, JG Bowman, PD Wu, BW Hampton, N Kiang, AG Zhao, BT Juang, YT Atkins, JL Tsokos, GC AF Kiang, JG Bowman, PD Wu, BW Hampton, N Kiang, AG Zhao, BT Juang, YT Atkins, JL Tsokos, GC TI Geldanamycin treatment inhibits hemorrhage-induced increases in KLF6 and iNOS expression in unresuscitated mouse organs: role of inducible HSP70 SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE apoptosis; caffeic acid phenethyl ester; c-Jun; c-Fos; nuclear factor-kappa B; hypoxia-inducible factor-1; Kruppel-like factor 6 transcription factor ID ISCHEMIA-REPERFUSION INJURY; NITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHASE; HEAT-SHOCK PROTEINS; NF-KAPPA-B; INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE; GENE-TRANSFER; ACTIVATION; PROTECTS; INDUCTION; CELLS AB The aim of this study was to determine whether hemorrhage affects the levels of a variety of stress-related proteins and whether changes can be inhibited by drugs reported to provide protection from ischemia and reperfusion injury. Male Swiss Webster mice were subjected to a 40% hemorrhage without resuscitation. Western blot analysis indicated that c-Jun (an AP-1 protein), Kruppel-like factor 6 (KFL6), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) were upregulated sequentially in that order. Pretreatment of mice with geldanamycin (GA) 16 h before hemorrhage effectively inhibited the expression of the proteins KLF6 and iNOS, whereas caffeic acid phenethyl ester did not. GA pretreatment increased inducible heat shock protein (HSP) 70 but not HSP90 in both sham and hemorrhagic tissues. The overexpressed inducible HSP70 formed complexes with KLF6 and iNOS. These results suggest that GA may be therapeutically useful for reducing hemorrhage-induced injury when used as a presurgical treatment or when added to resuscitation fluids. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Div Mil Casualty Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Pharmacol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. USA, Inst Surg Res, San Antonio, TX 78234 USA. RP Kiang, JG (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Div Mil Casualty Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM Juliann.Kiang@na.amedd.army.mil RI Atkins, James/B-3577-2011 NR 39 TC 40 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 97 IS 2 BP 564 EP 569 DI 10.1152/japplphysiol.00194.2004 PG 6 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 841NF UT WOS:000222936500016 PM 15090481 ER PT J AU Belmont, PJ Kuklo, TR Taylor, KF Freedman, BA Prahinski, JR Kruse, RW AF Belmont, PJ Kuklo, TR Taylor, KF Freedman, BA Prahinski, JR Kruse, RW TI Intraspinal anomalies associated with isolated congenital hemivertebra: The role of routine magnetic resonance imaging SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND JOINT SURGERY-AMERICAN VOLUME LA English DT Article ID VERTEBRAL MALFORMATIONS; SPINE DEFORMITIES; VATER-ASSOCIATION; NATURAL-HISTORY; SCOLIOSIS; ABNORMALITIES; DEFECTS; VACTERL AB Background: Previous studies have demonstrated high rates of intraspinal anomalies in patients with congenital scoliosis; however, various authors have not considered the presence of an isolated hemivertebra to be sufficient reason for further evaluation with magnetic resonance imaging. Consequently, the rate of magnetic resonance imaging-detected intraspinal anomalies and subsequent neurosurgical intervention in patients with a single hemivertebra is unknown. Therefore, we studied all patients with a hemivertebra, after eliminating patients with a myelomeningocele, to compare those who had a single hemivertebra with those who had a complex hemivertebral pattern. Methods: A retrospective review of the history, physical examination findings, and magnetic resonance imaging findings for patients who had presented with at least one hemivertebra, excluding those who had a myelomeningocele, was conducted to identify the prevalence of intraspinal anomalies as seen on magnetic resonance imaging and the rate of subsequent neurosurgical intervention. Additionally, the diagnostic value of the history and the physical examination in predicting the presence of intraspinal anomalies was determined. Results: One hundred and sixteen patients with congenital scoliosis and a curve that included at least one hemivertebra were identified. Seventy-six of these patients had had magnetic resonance imaging and were included in the present study. The mean age of these patients at the time of presentation was 4.9 years, and the mean duration of follow-up was 7.7 years. Twenty-nine patients had an isolated hemivertebra, and forty-seven patients had a complex hemivertebral pattern. Eight (28%) of the twenty-nine patients with an isolated hemivertebra and ten (21%) of the forty-seven patients with a complex hemivertebral pattern had an intraspinal anomaly that was detected with magnetic resonance imaging. Overall, an abnormal finding on the history or physical examination demonstrated an accuracy of 71%, a sensitivity of 56%, a specificity of 76%, a positive predictive value of 42%, and a negative predictive value of 85% for the diagnosis of an intraspinal anomaly. Three patients with an isolated hemivertebra and five patients with a complex hemivertebral pattern underwent neurosurgical intervention. All eight patients who underwent neurosurgical intervention had had detection of an intraspinal anomaly with magnetic resonance imaging, whereas only four of these patients (two of whom had an isolated hemivertebra and two of whom had a complex hemivertebral pattern) had had an abnormal finding on either the history or the physical examination. Conclusions: Patients who have an isolated hemivertebra and those who have a complex hemivertebral pattern have similar rates of intraspinal anomalies that are detected with magnetic resonance imaging and similar rates of subsequent neurosurgical intervention. The history and physical examination findings are not predictive of intraspinal anomalies. Therefore, a magnetic resonance imaging evaluation of the entire spine should be considered for all patients with congenital scoliosis, including those with an isolated hemivertebra. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Orthopaed Surg Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Alfred I Dupont Inst, DuPont Hosp Children, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Wilmington, DE 19803 USA. RP Belmont, PJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Orthopaed Surg Serv, 6900 Georgia Ave, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM timothy.kuklo@na.amedd.army.mil OI Belmont, Philip/0000-0003-2618-199X NR 28 TC 25 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOURNAL BONE JOINT SURGERY INC PI NEEDHAM PA 20 PICKERING ST, NEEDHAM, MA 02192 USA SN 0021-9355 J9 J BONE JOINT SURG AM JI J. Bone Joint Surg.-Am. Vol. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 86A IS 8 BP 1704 EP 1710 PG 7 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA 843NA UT WOS:000223089400014 PM 15292418 ER PT J AU Potter, BK Lenke, LG Kuklo, TR AF Potter, BK Lenke, LG Kuklo, TR TI Prevention and management of iatrogenic flatback deformity SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND JOINT SURGERY-AMERICAN VOLUME LA English DT Review ID COTREL-DUBOUSSET INSTRUMENTATION; SEGMENTAL SPINAL INSTRUMENTATION; PEDICLE SUBTRACTION OSTEOTOMY; VERTEBRAL COLUMN RESECTION; FIXED SAGITTAL IMBALANCE; ANKYLOSING-SPONDYLITIS; IDIOPATHIC SCOLIOSIS; LUMBAR LORDOSIS; HARRINGTON INSTRUMENTATION; KYPHOTIC DEFORMITY AB The most common cause of iatrogenic flatback syndrome is Harrington distraction instrumentation extending into the lower lumbar spine. Other common causes and exacerbating factors include failure to enhance regional lordosis during lumbar fusion for degenerative spondylosis, development of pseudarthrosis or postoperative loss of correction, development of kyphosis at the thoracolumbar junction, development of degeneration and decompensation cephalad or caudad to a prior fusion, and hip flexion contractures. Prevention of flatback syndrome involves preoperative assessment of sagittal balance, avoidance of distraction instrumentation and extension of long fusions into the lower lumbar spine, enhancement of physiologic lordosis during lumbar fusions, and intraoperative positioning with the hips extended. Treatment of flatback syndrome involves corrective pedicle subtraction or Smith-Petersen osteotomies with segmental instrumentation. Polysegmental osteotomies and vertebral column resection may be utilized in cases of sloping global sagittal imbalance and related severe coronal imbalance, respectively. Following surgical treatment, sagittal balance is generally improved with fair-to-good clinical outcomes, high patient satisfaction, and moderately high perioperative complication rates. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed Surg & Rehabil, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Orthopaed Surg, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. RP Potter, BK (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed Surg & Rehabil, 6900 Georgia Ave,Bldg 2, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM timothy.kuklo@na.amedd.army.mi NR 98 TC 50 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 2 PU JOURNAL BONE JOINT SURGERY INC PI NEEDHAM PA 20 PICKERING ST, NEEDHAM, MA 02192 USA SN 0021-9355 J9 J BONE JOINT SURG AM JI J. Bone Joint Surg.-Am. Vol. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 86A IS 8 BP 1793 EP 1808 PG 16 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA 843NA UT WOS:000223089400027 PM 15292431 ER PT J AU Cheruku, KK Krasuski, RA Kwan, M Stajduhar, K Smith, PB Galbreath, AD Freeman, GL AF Cheruku, KK Krasuski, RA Kwan, M Stajduhar, K Smith, PB Galbreath, AD Freeman, GL TI Adverse impact of diastolic heart failure on exercise tolerance SO JOURNAL OF CARDIAC FAILURE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 8th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Heart-Failure-Society-of-American CY SEP 12-15, 2004 CL Toronto, CANADA SP Heart Failure Soc Amer C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Cardiol, San Antonio, TX USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Div Cardiol, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Div Cardiol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE INC MEDICAL PUBLISHERS PI PHILADELPHIA PA CURTIS CENTER, INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 1071-9164 J9 J CARD FAIL JI J. Card. Fail. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 10 IS 4 SU S MA 350 BP S112 EP S112 DI 10.1016/j.cardfail.2004.06.349 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 853VV UT WOS:000223857900348 ER PT J AU Krasuski, RA Carey, S Hogan, B Eckart, RE Beck, R Van De Graaff, E AF Krasuski, RA Carey, S Hogan, B Eckart, RE Beck, R Van De Graaff, E TI A multidisciplinary cardiac rehabilitation program dramatically improves long-term morbidity and mortality following congestive heart failure admission SO JOURNAL OF CARDIAC FAILURE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 8th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Heart-Failure-Society-of-American CY SEP 12-15, 2004 CL Toronto, CANADA SP Heart Failure Soc Amer C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE INC MEDICAL PUBLISHERS PI PHILADELPHIA PA CURTIS CENTER, INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 1071-9164 J9 J CARD FAIL JI J. Card. Fail. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 10 IS 4 SU S MA 356 BP S113 EP S113 DI 10.1016/j.cardfail.2004.06.355 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 853VV UT WOS:000223857900354 ER PT J AU Thordsen, JE Bower, KS Warren, BB Stutzman, R AF Thordsen, JE Bower, KS Warren, BB Stutzman, R TI Miotic effect of brimonidine tartrate 0.15% ophthalmic solution in normal eyes SO JOURNAL OF CATARACT AND REFRACTIVE SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the Association-for-Research-in-Vision-and-Ophthalmology CY MAY 04-09, 2003 CL FT LAUDERDALE, FL SP Assoc Res Vis & Ophthalmol ID CORNEAL OPTICAL ABERRATIONS; IN-SITU KERATOMILEUSIS; PHOTOREFRACTIVE KERATECTOMY; REFRACTIVE SURGERY; OCULAR HYPERTENSION; DOSE-RESPONSE; APRACLONIDINE; 0.2-PERCENT; GLAUCOMA; 0.5-PERCENT AB Purpose: To evaluate the effect of brimonidine tartrate 0.15% ophthalmic solution (Alphagan((R)) P) on pupil diameter in eyes of healthy adults under different luminance conditions. Setting: Center for Refractive Surgery, Ophthalmology Service, Department of Surgery, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA. Methods: Using a Colvard pupillometer, the pupil diameter was measured in 15 eyes of 15 healthy adults under 3 luminance conditions (scotopic, mesopic, photopic). The luminance of the room was measured using the Minolta LS-110 Luminance Meter. Pupil diameter was remeasured using the same technique 30 minutes, 4 hours, and 6 hours after administration of 1 drop of brimonidine tartrate 0.15% ophthalmic solution. Results: Under scotopic conditions (luminance 0.0 candelas [cd]/m(2)), the pupil diameter decreased by 1.0 mm or more in 100%, 87%, and 60% of eyes at 30 minutes, 4 hours, and 6 hours, respectively (P<.005); under mesopic conditions (luminance 0.2 cd/m(2)), in 93%, 73%, and 40% of eyes, respectively (P<.005); and under photopic conditions (luminance 150.2 cd/m(2)), in 73%, 87%, and 67% of eyes, respectively (P<.005). Conclusions: Brimonidine tartrate 0.15% ophthalmic solution produced a significant miotic effect under all 3 luminance conditions. The reproducible miotic effect under scotopic and mesopic conditions may help postoperative refractive patients who report night-vision difficulties related to a large pupil. (C) 2004 ASCRS and ESCRS. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Ophthalmol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Bower, KS (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Ophthalmol Serv, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 22 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0886-3350 J9 J CATARACT REFR SURG JI J. Cataract. Refract. Surg. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 30 IS 8 BP 1702 EP 1706 DI 10.1016/j.jcrs.2004.03.030 PG 5 WC Ophthalmology; Surgery SC Ophthalmology; Surgery GA 850XE UT WOS:000223646900019 PM 15313293 ER PT J AU Weatherly, JW AF Weatherly, JW TI Sensitivity of Antarctic precipitation to sea ice concentrations in a general circulation model SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE LA English DT Article ID SOUTHERN-OSCILLATION; POLAR CLIMATE; VARIABILITY; CCM3 AB Several recent studies have highlighted the connections among observed climate variability, such as the Southern Oscillation, sea ice cover, and Antarctic precipitation. The direct contribution of observed sea ice variability to precipitation has not yet been investigated. The sensitivity of Antarctic precipitation to a range of sea ice concentrations is investigated using the Community Climate Model version 3 (CCM3) general circulation model. Sea ice concentrations derived from passive-microwave satellite imagery from 1979 to 1991 are used as surface boundary conditions for climate simulations in a model that resolves both ice-covered and ice-free fractions of each grid cell. Simulations are performed with climatological average ice concentrations, maximum and minimum concentrations, and an ensemble of simulations with interannually varying concentrations from 1979 to 1991. The minimum-ice run produces greater precipitation and onshore winds along the Antarctic coastal topography, except for the western Antarctic, where offshore winds reduce precipitation. The interannually varying model runs exhibit a seasonal response consistent with this picture, as greater precipitation is associated with reduced ice concentrations. The satellite-derived ice concentrations used here ( and the model simulations) exhibit significant differences between the periods of coverage from the two satellite instruments with different spatial resolutions and other characteristics. The results suggest that variability in sea ice concentrations does contribute to variability in Antarctic precipitation; however, the modeled precipitation has a greater response to the instrument-related differences than to the estimated ice variability. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Weatherly, JW (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM weather@crrel.usace.army.mil NR 19 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0894-8755 J9 J CLIMATE JI J. Clim. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 17 IS 16 BP 3214 EP 3223 DI 10.1175/1520-0442(2004)017<3214:SOAPTS>2.0.CO;2 PG 10 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 847DX UT WOS:000223374000012 ER PT J AU Foglia, G Royster, GD Wasunna, KM Kibaya, R Malia, JA Calero, EK Sateren, W Renzullo, PO Robb, ML Birx, DL Michael, NL AF Foglia, G Royster, GD Wasunna, KM Kibaya, R Malia, JA Calero, EK Sateren, W Renzullo, PO Robb, ML Birx, DL Michael, NL TI Use of rapid and conventional testing technologies for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 serologic screening in a rural Kenyan reference laboratory SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FIELD-EVALUATION; ALTERNATIVE STRATEGY; HIV-ANTIBODIES; INFECTION; AFRICA; ASSAYS; DIAGNOSIS; ACCEPTABILITY; SPECIFICITY; SENSITIVITY AB We report a prospective comparison of human immunodeficiency virus type I testing by enzyme immunoassay and Western blot with four rapid tests of 486 subjects performed in rural Kenya. Rapid test sensitivity was 100%. Specificity ranged from 99.1 to 100%. Combined use of two Food and Drug Administration-approved rapid tests yielded a single false-positive result. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Retrovirol, US Mil HIV Res Program, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Sch Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Nairobi, Kenya. RP Michael, NL (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Retrovirol, US Mil HIV Res Program, 1600 E Gude Dr, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. EM nmichael@hivresearch.org NR 23 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 42 IS 8 BP 3850 EP 3852 DI 10.1128/JCM.42.8.3850-3852.2004 PG 3 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 846AH UT WOS:000223286500076 PM 15297547 ER PT J AU Rowinsky, EK Schwartz, GH Gollob, JA Thompson, JA Vogelzang, NJ Figlin, R Bukowski, R Haas, N Lockbaum, P Li, YP Arends, R Foon, KA Schwab, G Dutcher, J AF Rowinsky, EK Schwartz, GH Gollob, JA Thompson, JA Vogelzang, NJ Figlin, R Bukowski, R Haas, N Lockbaum, P Li, YP Arends, R Foon, KA Schwab, G Dutcher, J TI Safety, pharmacokinetics, and activity of ABX-EGF, a fully human anti-epidermal growth factor receptor monoclonal antibody in patients with metastatic renal cell cancer SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 38th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Clinical-Oncology CY MAY 18-21, 2002 CL ORLANDO, FL SP Amer Soc Clin Oncol ID TYROSINE KINASE INHIBITOR; PHASE-II TRIAL; GENE-EXPRESSION; CARCINOMA; OVEREXPRESSION; CHEMOTHERAPY; PROGRESSION; THERAPIES; FAMILY AB Purpose To determine the antitumor activity of ABX-EGF, a fully human monoclonal antibody to the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFr), in previously treated patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma, and to characterize its toxicity, immunogenicity, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics. Patients and Methods The antitumor activity, as well as the toxicity, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and immunogenicity of ABX-EGF, were assessed. Results Eighty-eight patients were treated with ABX-EGF doses of 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, or 2.5 mg/kg weekly with no loading dose. EGFr immunostaining was performed on 76 tumor biopsy specimens (86%), and 69 (91%) scored positive. Major responses occurred in three patients, and two patients had minor responses. Forty-four patients (50%) also had stable disease at their first 8-week assessment and the median progression-free survival (PFS) was 100 days (95% Cl, 58 to 140 days). Low hemoglobin and high alkaline phosphatase predicted for short PFS. The principal toxicity, an acneiform rash, occurred in 68%, 95%, 87%, and 100% of patients who received at least three doses of ABX-EGF at 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5 mg/kg/wk, respectively. A trend indicated that the severity of the rash may relate to PFS. No human antihuman antibodies were detected. ABX-EGF pharmacokinetics fit a model that incorporated both linear and saturable EGFr-mediated clearance mechanisms, and interindividual variability was low. At 2.5 mg/kg/wk, ABX-EGF concentrations throughout treatment exceeded those estimated to saturate nonlinear clearance and inhibit xenograft growth by 90%. Conclusion ABX-EGF was generally well tolerated. The objective response rate was low in previously treated patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Although skin rash may be a pharmacodynamic marker of drug action, its potential as a surrogate marker of clinical benefit requires further evaluation. C1 Canc Therapy & Res Ctr S Texas, Inst Drug Dev, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. New York Med Coll, Our Lady Mercy Canc Ctr, Bronx, NY USA. Abgenix Inc, Fremont, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. Fox Chase Canc Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19111 USA. Cleveland Clin, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. Univ Chicago, Canc Res Ctr, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Beth Israel Deaconess Canc Ctr, Boston, MA USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Rowinsky, EK (reprint author), Canc Therapy & Res Ctr S Texas, Inst Drug Dev, 7979 Wurzbach Rd,4th Floor,Zeller Bldg, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. EM erowinsk@idd.org NR 46 TC 221 Z9 231 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL ONCOLOGY PI ALEXANDRIA PA 330 JOHN CARLYLE ST, STE 300, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0732-183X J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD AUG 1 PY 2004 VL 22 IS 15 BP 3003 EP 3015 DI 10.1200/JCO.2004.11.061 PG 13 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 843VN UT WOS:000223115000007 PM 15210739 ER PT J AU Walters, TJ Ryan, KL Constable, SH AF Walters, TJ Ryan, KL Constable, SH TI Thermoregulation by rhesus monkeys at different absolute humidities SO JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY B-BIOCHEMICAL SYSTEMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE thermal balance; metabolic rate; temperature ID THERMAL BALANCE; HEAT EXCHANGES; MEN; TEMPERATURE; SKIN; ENVIRONMENTS; RESPONSES; STRAIN; WOMEN; SWEAT AB The effect of relative humidity on thermoregulation has been well examined. Because the same relative humidity represents very different absolute humidities at different ambient temperatures, the present study was designed to examine the interaction of temperature and absolute humidity on the thermal balance of rhesus monkeys, Macaca mulatta. Thermal balance was examined in six unacclimated, unanesthetized, female rhesus monkeys at ambient temperatures of 25, 30, 35, and 40degreesC and absolute humidities of 6, 22, and 40 torr. Monkeys were capable of achieving thermal balance under all conditions except at 40degreesC with 40 torr absolute humidity, where experiments were stopped after rectal temperature exceeded 40.5degreesC. At 40degreesC, monkeys increased evaporative heat loss through both respiration and sweating; the slope of the relationship between evaporative heat loss and core temperature was attenuated by increases in absolute humidity. In contrast, absolute humidity had no direct effect on metabolic rate. The rise in body temperature under the conditions of high heat/high humidity was therefore most attributable to humidity-dependent decreases in evaporative heat loss. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Lab Div, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. RP Walters, TJ (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, Lab Div, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM thomas.walters@amedd.army.mil NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0174-1578 J9 J COMP PHYSIOL B JI J. Comp. Physiol. B-Biochem. Syst. Environ. Physiol. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 174 IS 6 BP 481 EP 487 DI 10.1007/s00360-004-0434-4 PG 7 WC Physiology; Zoology SC Physiology; Zoology GA 845TN UT WOS:000223267300005 PM 15309480 ER PT J AU Biddle, S Long, S AF Biddle, S Long, S TI Democracy and military effectiveness - A deeper look SO JOURNAL OF CONFLICT RESOLUTION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-Political-Science-Association/Western-Political-Science-Associa tion CY AUG 26-SEP 01, 2002 CL Boston, MA SP Amer Polit Sci Assoc, Western Polit Sci Assoc DE military effectiveness; democratic effectiveness; military outcomes; HERO; human capital; civil-military relations; culture; numerical preponderance; tank prevalence ID POLITICAL DEMOCRACY; MODERN WAR; 3-1 RULE; SECURITY; OFFENSE; DEFENSE; FUTURE; FOUNDATIONS; HYPOTHESES; CONFLICT AB Why are democracies unusually successful in war? We find that superior human capital, harmonious civil-military relations, and Western cultural background are largely responsible. These traits correlate positively with democracy, and account for democracy's apparent effectiveness bonus. This is either good news or bad news for democratic effectiveness theorists. Many believe that democracy causes these traits. If so, our findings strengthen democratic effectiveness theory by explicating its causal mechanism. But others see democracy as a consequence rather than a cause of such traits. If so, our findings challenge the thesis by identifying alternative causes of the effectiveness bonus previously attributed to democracy. Either way, the results show a powerful effect for unit level variables in military performance. In the process, these same results sharpen our understanding of military effectiveness in general, and the relationship between military performance and regime type in particular. C1 USA, War Coll, Strateg Studies Inst, Washington, DC 20310 USA. Univ N Carolina, Dept Polit Sci, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA. RP Biddle, S (reprint author), USA, War Coll, Strateg Studies Inst, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 99 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 2 U2 6 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0022-0027 EI 1552-8766 J9 J CONFLICT RESOLUT JI J. Confl. Resolut. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 48 IS 4 BP 525 EP 546 DI 10.1177/0022002704266118 PG 22 WC International Relations; Political Science SC International Relations; Government & Law GA 838EX UT WOS:000222697400004 ER PT J AU Zhao, J Chang, Y Badano, G Sivananthan, S Markunas, J Lewis, S Dinan, JH Wijewarnasuriya, PS Chen, Y Brill, G Dhar, N AF Zhao, J Chang, Y Badano, G Sivananthan, S Markunas, J Lewis, S Dinan, JH Wijewarnasuriya, PS Chen, Y Brill, G Dhar, N TI Correlation of CdZnTe(211)B substrate surface morphology and HgCdTe(211)B epilayer defects SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE molecular beam epitaxy (MBE); HgCdTe; defects; surface morphology; ellipsometry; reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED) ID IN-SITU; MBE; GROWTH AB We present results on the surface morphology and recombination lifetimes of molecular-beam epitaxy (MBE)-grown HgCdTe (211)B epilayers and correlate them with the roughness of the CdZnTe substrate surfaces. The substrate surface quality was monitored by in-situ spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) and reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED). The SE roughness of the substrate was measured after oxide desorption in the growth chamber. The RHEED patterns collected show a strong correlation with the SE roughness. This proves that SE is a valuable CdZnTe prescreening tool. We also found a correlation between the substrate roughness and the epilayer morphologies. They are characterized by a high density of thin elongated defects, "needle defects," which appear on most samples regardless of growth conditions. The HgCdTe epilayers grown on these substrates were characterized by temperature-dependent, photoconductive decay-lifetime data. Fits to the data indicate the presence of mid-gap recombination centers, which were not removed by 250degreesC/24-h annealing under a Hg-rich atmosphere. These centers are believed to originate from bulk defects rather than Hg vacancies. We show that Te annealing and CdTe growth on the CdZnTe substrates smooth the surface and lower substantially the density of needle defects. Additionally, a variety of interfacial layers were also introduced to reduce the defect density and improve the overall quality of the epilayer, even in the presence of less than perfect substrates. Both the perfection of the substrate surface and that of its crystalline structure are essential for the growth of high-quality material. Thus, CdZnTe surface polishing procedures and growth techniques are crucial issues. C1 Univ Illinois, Microphys Lab, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. United States Army RDECOM, CERDEC, NVESD, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. United State Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Zhao, J (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Microphys Lab, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. EM junzhao@uic.edu RI Brill, Gregory/G-4877-2013 NR 7 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 7 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 33 IS 8 BP 881 EP 885 DI 10.1007/s11664-004-0215-6 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 844MA UT WOS:000223161200007 ER PT J AU Godkar, PB Gordon, RK Ravindran, A Doctor, BP AF Godkar, PB Gordon, RK Ravindran, A Doctor, BP TI Celastrus paniculatus seed water soluble extracts protect against glutamate toxicity in neuronal cultures from rat forebrain SO JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Celastrus paniculatus; neuroprotection; glutamate; NMDA; patch-clamp; neurodegenerative diseases; neurotoxicity; primary neuronal cells ID HUPERZINE-A; OXIDATIVE STRESS; MECHANISM; DODECYLGLYCEROL; PERFORMANCE; CHANNEL; INJURY; CELLS AB Aqueous extracts of Celastrus paniculatus (CP) seed have been reported to improve learning and memory in rats. In addition, these extracts were shown to have antioxidant properties, augmented endogenous antioxidant enzymes, and decreased lipid peroxidation in rat brain. However, water soluble extracts of CP seed (CP-WSE) have not been evaluated for their neuroprotective effects. In the study reported here, we used enriched forebrain primary neuronal cell (FBNC) cultures to study the neuroprotective effects of three CP-WSE extracts (a room temperature, WF; a hot water, HF; and an acid, AF) on glutamate-induced toxicity. FBNC were pre-treated with the CP-WSE and then with glutamate to evaluate the protection afforded against excitatory amino acid-induced toxicity. The criteria for neuroprotection were based on the effects of CP-WSE on a mitochondrial function test following glutamate-induced neurotoxicity. Pre-treatment of neuronal cells with CP-WSE significantly attenuated glutamate-induced neuronal death. To understand the molecular mechanism of action of CP-WSE, we conducted electrophysiological studies using patch-clamp techniques on N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-activated whole-cell currents in FBNC. WSE significantly and reversibly inhibited whole-cell currents activated by NMDA. The results suggest that CP-WSE protected neuronal cells against glutamate-induced toxicity by modulating glutamate receptor function. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Biochem Pharmacol, Div Biochem, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. USN, Med Res Ctr, Environm Physiol Dept, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Biochem Pharmacol, Div Biochem, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM Richard.Gordon@na.amedd.army.mil NR 33 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0378-8741 J9 J ETHNOPHARMACOL JI J. Ethnopharmacol. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 93 IS 2-3 BP 213 EP 219 DI 10.1016/j.jep.2004.03.051 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Medicinal; Integrative & Complementary Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Plant Sciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Integrative & Complementary Medicine GA 839MQ UT WOS:000222789600009 PM 15234755 ER PT J AU Sessums, LL AF Sessums, LL TI Altruism and coverage of the uninsured SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Washington, DC USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Sessums, LL (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Washington, DC USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 19 IS 8 BP 896 EP 897 DI 10.1111/j.1525-1497.2004.40603.x PG 2 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 834OW UT WOS:000222421400014 PM 15242478 ER PT J AU Lick, W Jin, LJ Gailani, J AF Lick, W Jin, LJ Gailani, J TI Initiation of movement of quartz particles SO JOURNAL OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article ID FORCE MICROSCOPE; BED; THRESHOLD AB A theoretical description of the initiation of movement of sediments consisting of uniform-size, quartz particles is developed. These sediments behave in a noncohesive manner for coarse-grained particles but show cohesive behavior for fine-grained particles, i.e., as the particle size decreases, the critical shear stress increases and also becomes strongly dependent on the bulk density. The analysis includes gravitational, lift, drag, and cohesive forces as well as changes in bulk density and is uniformly valid for the range of particle sizes investigated, from fine-grained, cohesive particles to coarse-grained, noncohesive particles. Excellent agreement between theory and experiments is obtained. The analysis is also extended to quartz particles with small amounts of an added clay, bentonite, which makes the mixture more cohesive. This increase in cohesivity is greatest for intermediate size particles. An additional binding force due to the bentonite must then be included in the analysis. C1 Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Mech & Environm Engn, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. USAE, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Lick, W (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Mech & Environm Engn, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. NR 25 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 3 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9429 J9 J HYDRAUL ENG-ASCE JI J. Hydraul. Eng.-ASCE PD AUG PY 2004 VL 130 IS 8 BP 755 EP 761 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(2004)130:8(755) PG 7 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Mechanical; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 842JK UT WOS:000223000000003 ER PT J AU Andreas, EL Jordan, RE Makshtas, AP AF Andreas, EL Jordan, RE Makshtas, AP TI Simulations of snow, ice, and near-surface atmospheric processes on Ice Station Weddell SO JOURNAL OF HYDROMETEOROLOGY LA English DT Article ID ANTARCTIC SEA-ICE; THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY; BOTTOM WATER; DRAG COEFFICIENTS; FIRN VENTILATION; SCALAR TRANSFER; HEAT-BUDGET; PACK-ICE; MODEL; TEMPERATURE AB The 4-month drift of Ice Station Weddell (ISW) produced over 2000 h of nearly continuous measurements in the atmospheric surface layer and in the snow and sea ice in the western Weddell Sea. This paper reports simulations, based on these data, of processes in the air, snow, and sea ice at ISW using SNTHERM, a one-dimensional mass and energy balance model. An earlier version of SNTHERM had to be adapted, however, to treat the flooding that often occurs on sea ice in the western Weddell Sea. To treat this layer of slush and brine, SNTHERM holds the brine salinity constant at its initial value of 31.5 psu until 80% of this slush layer freezes. The current version of SNTHERM also incorporates a new parameterization for the roughness length for wind speed, z(0), derived from analyses of ISW eddy-covariance data. SNTHERM's simulations are validated with temperature measurements within the ice and snow and with eddy-covariance measurements of the surface momentum and sensible and latent heat fluxes. The simulated turbulent fluxes agree fairly well with the measured fluxes, except the simulated sensible heat flux is biased low by 4 -5 W m(-2) for both stable and unstable stratification. The simulated temperature profiles in the snow and ice also agree well with the measured temperatures. In particular, allowing seawater to flush the slush layer until it is 80% frozen delays the freezing of this layer such that its behavior mirrors the data. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Int Arctic Res Ctr, Fairbanks, AK USA. Arctic & Antarctic Res Inst, St Petersburg 199226, Russia. RP Andreas, EL (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM eandreas@crrel.usace.army.mil NR 61 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 1525-755X J9 J HYDROMETEOROL JI J. Hydrometeorol. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 5 IS 4 BP 611 EP 624 DI 10.1175/1525-7541(2004)005<0611:SOSIAN>2.0.CO;2 PG 14 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 845PP UT WOS:000223257100003 ER PT J AU Marshall, WJ Bell, J Sliney, DH AF Marshall, WJ Bell, J Sliney, DH TI Methods for hazard assessment from viewing fiber optics with eye loupes SO JOURNAL OF LASER APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE laser safety; ANSI Z136; IEC 60825-1; laser standard; maximum permissible exposure; angular subtense; laser source; extended source; apparent source ID LASER SAFETY; SYSTEMS AB Current laser safety standards overestimate retinal hazards when viewing optical fiber tips with magnifying aids. Methods for assessing optical hazards are based on laser beam characteristics and assume worst-case exposure to both the unaided eye and when using a variety of optical aids. These standard methods provide overly conservative results when assessing the increased risk of viewing an emitting fiber with commonly available magnifiers. A more accurate and simpler method could be used to assess the risks of optically aided viewing when examining fiber tips. (C) 2004 Laser Institute of America. C1 USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Terabeam Corp, Redmond, WA USA. RP Marshall, WJ (reprint author), USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM wesley.marshall@apg.amedd.army.mil NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU LASER INST AMER PI ORLANDO PA 13501 INGENUITY DR, SUITE 128, ORLANDO, FL 32826 USA SN 1042-346X J9 J LASER APPL JI J. Laser Appl. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 16 IS 3 BP 178 EP 187 DI 10.2351/1.1771246 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Optics; Physics GA 848OB UT WOS:000223475900008 ER PT J AU Rusnak, JM Kortepeter, MG Hawley, RJ Boudreau, E Aldis, J Pittman, PR AF Rusnak, JM Kortepeter, MG Hawley, RJ Boudreau, E Aldis, J Pittman, PR TI Management guidelines for laboratory exposures to agents of bioterrorism SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID PUBLIC-HEALTH MANAGEMENT; BIOLOGICAL WEAPON; AIRBORNE INFECTION; VACCINE; IMMUNIZATION; EXPERIENCE; TULAREMIA; SAFETY; VIRUS; FEVER AB Over the past several years, funding for biodefense research has increased dramatically, leading to the possibility of increased laboratory acquired infections with potential bioterrorism agents. The Special Immunizations Program at United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases reviewed its policy and management of potential occupational exposures (1989-2002) to assess guidelines for determining the risk of exposure and disease and to determine criteria for initiating postexposure prophylaxis (PEP). Initiating antibiotic PEP was based primarily on exposure risk but was also influenced by vaccination status and agent virulence. PEP was given to nearly all moderate- and high-risk bacterial exposures, regardless of vaccination status, to most unvaccinated and subsets of vaccinated minimal-risk exposures, but generally not to negligible-risk exposures. Algorithms for evaluating and managing potential exposures are presented to provide guidance to other agencies as they begin to work with these agents. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Special Immunizat Clin, Div Med, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Anthrax Vaccine Res Ctr, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Rusnak, JM (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Special Immunizat Clin, Div Med, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM Janice.Rusnak@det.amedd.army.mil NR 42 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1076-2752 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI J. Occup. Environ. Med. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 46 IS 8 BP 791 EP 800 DI 10.1097/01.jom.0000135536.13097.8a PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 845WU UT WOS:000223276800007 PM 15300131 ER PT J AU Rusnak, JM Kortepeter, MG Aldis, J Boudreau, E AF Rusnak, JM Kortepeter, MG Aldis, J Boudreau, E TI Experience in the medical management of potential laboratory exposures to agents of bioterrorism on the basis of risk assessment at the United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID) SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID RECOMBINANT VACCINIA VIRUS; ACCIDENTAL INFECTION; BIOLOGICAL WARFARE; INHALATION ANTHRAX; IMMUNIZATION; SAFETY; FEVER; IMMUNOGENICITY; PROPHYLAXIS; TULAREMIA AB Experience in managing laboratory exposures to potential agents of bioterrorism is limited. The United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases reviewed laboratory exposures involving these agents (1989 to 2002) to assess the effectiveness of medical management. The evaluation of 234 persons (78% vaccinated) for exposure to 289 infectious agents revealed 5 confirmed infections (glanders, Q fever, vaccinia, chikungunya, and Venezuelan equi I ne encephalitis). Postexposure antibiotic prophylaxis was given for most moderate- or high-risk bacterial exposures (41146; 89%); most unvaccinated minimal-risk (7/10; 70%), and subsets of vaccinated minimal-risk exposures (18153; 34%) but generally not negligible-fisk exposures (6138; 16%). Vaccine "breakthroughs" were not unexpected (enzootic Venezuelan equine encephalitis, localized vaccinia) or presented with mild symptoms (Q fever). A multifaceted policy of personal Protective measures, vaccination, early assessment, and postexposure antibiotic prophylaxis was effective in minimizing morbidity and mortality in at-risk laboratory workers. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Special Immunizat Clin, Div Med, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Rusnak, JM (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Special Immunizat Clin, Div Med, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM Janice.Rusnak@det.amedd.army.mil NR 42 TC 21 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 7 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1076-2752 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI J. Occup. Environ. Med. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 46 IS 8 BP 801 EP 811 DI 10.1097/01.jom.0000135539.99691.4e PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 845WU UT WOS:000223276800008 PM 15300132 ER PT J AU Hunt, SC Richardson, RD Engel, CC Atkins, DC McFall, M AF Hunt, SC Richardson, RD Engel, CC Atkins, DC McFall, M TI Gulf war veterans' illnesses: A pilot study of the relationship of illness beliefs to symptom severity and functional health status SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; CHRONIC FATIGUE SYNDROME; SELF-REPORTED SYMPTOMS; CAUSAL ATTRIBUTIONS; PHYSICAL SYMPTOMS; PRIMARY-CARE; UNEXPLAINED ILLNESS; PREVALENCE; THERAPY; SELECTION AB This investigation describes the illness beliefs of veterans regarding their Gulf War-related health concerns and investigates the relationship of these illness beliefs to physical and mental health functioning. Gulf War veterans (N = 583) presenting for evaluation at a Veteran's Affairs and Department of Defense facility completed se self-report measures of symptom-related beliefs, psychosocial distress, and functional status. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were performed to determine the extent that symptom-related beliefs impacted symptom-reporting and functional status independent of demographic factors and psychiatric illness. Several beliefs predicted physical symptom reporting and functional impairment in physical health and mental health domains after controlling for demographic variables and psychiatric illness. Gulf War veterans' illness beliefs may impact clinical outcomes. Discussing illness beliefs and providing accurate information is an important component Of medical care for Gulf War veterans. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Occupat & Environm Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. NW Network Mental Illness Res Educ & Clin Ctr, Seattle, WA USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Psychiat, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Deployment Hlth Clin Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Psychol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Hunt, SC (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, 111PC,1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. EM stephen.hunt@med.va.gov OI Atkins, David/0000-0002-5781-9880 NR 66 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1076-2752 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI J. Occup. Environ. Med. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 46 IS 8 BP 818 EP 827 DI 10.1097/01.jom.0000135529.88069.04 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 845WU UT WOS:000223276800010 PM 15300134 ER PT J AU Hartell, MG Hicks, R Bhattacharjee, AK Koser, BW Carvalho, K Van Hamont, JE AF Hartell, MG Hicks, R Bhattacharjee, AK Koser, BW Carvalho, K Van Hamont, JE TI Nuclear magnetic resonance and molecular modeling analysis of the interaction of the antimalarial drugs artelinic acid and artesunic acid with beta-cyclodextrin SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE NMR; artelinic acid; beta-cyclodextrin; molecular modeling ID SOLUBLE DIHYDROARTEMISININ DERIVATIVES; INCLUSION COMPLEX; ALPHA-CYCLODEXTRIN; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; D-ORBITALS; FORMULATIONS; ARTEMISININ; SYSTEMS; RELEASE; INVITRO AB The arternisinin derivatives artelinic acid and artesunic acid are members of a class of compounds that have shown promise for the treatment of multidrug resistant strains of Plasmodium falciparum. Unfortunately, these compounds exhibit poor solubility and stability in aqueous solution. The research presented herein was conducted to determine whether complexation of artelinic acid or artesunic acid with beta-cyclodextrin would result in complexes with increased aqueous solubility while retaining the potent antimalarial activity of these compounds. Preliminary complexation studies with natural beta-cyclodextrins were conducted as a proof of concept, with a primary focus on understanding the electrostatic interactions that stabilize the resulting complexes. Complex formation was monitored using UV spectroscopy. The structures of the resulting complexes were determined using multidimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) and molecular modeling. NMR results are most consistent for artelinic acid and beta-cyclodextrin forming complexes in a ratio of 2:1; however, the presence of 1:1, 2:2, and 3:1 complexes in solution cannot be excluded based on the experimental data collected. The NMR data also indicate selective insertion of artelinic acid into the hydrophobic cavity of the beta-cyclodextrin via the primary face. NMR results indicate artesunic acid forms a similar complex with beta-cyclodextrin in a ratio of 1: 1; again however, the presence of 1: 1, 2:2, and 3:1 complexes in solution cannot be ruled out. (C) 2004 Wiley-Liss, lnc. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Dept Med Chem, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Hicks, R (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Dept Med Chem, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM rickey.hicks@na.amedd.army.mil; Apurba.Bhattacharjee@na.amedd.army.mil NR 41 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 3 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0022-3549 J9 J PHARM SCI-US JI J. Pharm. Sci. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 93 IS 8 BP 2076 EP 2089 DI 10.1002/jps.20106 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry GA 843HQ UT WOS:000223069700013 PM 15236456 ER PT J AU Butler, CJ Masri, R Driscoll, CF Thompson, GA Runyan, DA von Fraunhofer, JA AF Butler, CJ Masri, R Driscoll, CF Thompson, GA Runyan, DA von Fraunhofer, JA TI Effect of fluoride and 10% carbamide peroxide on the surface roughness of low-fusing and ultra low-fusing porcelain SO JOURNAL OF PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 30th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Dental-Research CY MAR 08-10, 2001 CL CHICAGO, IL SP Amer Assoc Dent Res ID DENTAL PORCELAINS; TOPICAL FLUORIDE; RELEASE; ENAMEL AB Statement of problem. The effect of repeated applications of fluoride solutions and 10% carbamide peroxide on the surface roughness of newer dental porcelains is not completely known. Purpose. The purpose of this study was to compare the surface roughness of 3 different porcelains when exposed to 2 fluoride solutions, a 10% solution of carbamide peroxide, and distilled water. Material and methods. Forty discs (10-mm diameter, 2 mm thick) were made of each of the following porcelains: feldspathic porcelain (Ceramco II), low-fusing porcelain (Finesse), and an aluminous porcelain (All-Ceram). Each disc was abraded with a medium-grit diamond bur and auto-glazed. One side of each disc was abraded with a diamond bur and polished using a porcelain polishing kit to simulate a chairside adjustment and polishing. The discs (10 specimens/group) were immersed in 1.23% APF, 0.4% stannous fluoride, 10% carbamide peroxide, and distilled water for 50 seconds (control). The discs in the 10% carbamide peroxide solution were immersed for 48 hours. The surface of each disc was evaluated with surface profilometry (0.1 mm/s speed, 600-mum range). The data were analyzed by factorial analysis of variance and a Tukey multiple comparison test, (alpha=.05). Results. The data showed that the acidulated phosphate fluoride etched the auto-glazed surface of all 3 porcelains. For Finesse specimens, the mean Ra values for the auto-glazed surface were significantly higher than that of the control after immersion in 1.23% APF (mean Ra 0.3 +/- 0.06 mum, P<.031). All-Ceram auto-glazed surface specimens had a significantly higher mean Ra value when immersed in the 3 solutions than the control (1.23% APF, 0.4% stannous fluoride, and 10% carbamide peroxide, 0.245 &PLUSMN; 0.115 μm, 0.22 &PLUSMN; 0.104 μm, 0.22 &PLUSMN; 0.04 μm, respectively; P<.002). Ceramco 11 specimens were affected by all 3 solutions, with the auto-glazed surface having higher Ra values (1.23% APF, 0.4% stannous fluoride, and 10% carbamide peroxide, with mean Ra values of 0.35 +/- 0.1 mum, 0.26 +/- 0.08 mum, and 0.24 +/- .0.05 mum, respectively, P=.001). Immersion in the 3 solutions had no effect on the polished surfaces of all-ceramic specimens tested. Conclusion. Prior to the use of fluoride and 10% carbamide peroxide, dentists should ascertain the type of porcelain restoration present to prevent a roughened surface from occurring. C1 Univ Maryland, Baltimore Coll Dent Surg, Dept Restorat Dent, Prosthodont Residency Program, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. USA, Biomat Branch, Dent Res Detachment, Great Lakes, IL USA. RP Masri, R (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Baltimore Coll Dent Surg, Dept Restorat Dent, Prosthodont Residency Program, 666 W Baltimore St, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. EM rmm002@dental.umaryland.edu NR 23 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0022-3913 J9 J PROSTHET DENT JI J. Prosthet. Dent. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 92 IS 2 BP 179 EP 183 DI 10.1016/j.prosdent.2004.04.025 PG 5 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 846AT UT WOS:000223287700014 PM 15295328 ER PT J AU Robinson, RD Ginsburg, ES AF Robinson, RD Ginsburg, ES TI Persistent tubal pregnancy presenting with delayed hemorrhage from a second implantation of trophoblast on the ovary - A case report SO JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE pregnancy; tubal; trophoblast; ovary ID ECTOPIC PREGNANCY; SALPINGOSTOMY AB BACKGROUND: The use of conservative surgical techniques to treat ectopic pregnancies has been reported to increase the rate of incomplete trophoblastic tissue removal and subsequent regrowth. CASE: A persistent ectopic pregnancy occurred in a woman previously treated with laparoscopic linear salpingostomy for an ampullary ectopic pregnancy. Repeat laparoscopy was performed, and bleeding from an ovarian implantation site was treated with resection of the trophoblastic site and electrocautery. A repeat linear salpingostomy was also performed at the site of the prior salpingostomy, where trophoblastic tissue also persisted. CONCLUSION: This is the first known case of hemorrhage from the probable secondary ovarian implantation of persistent trophoblastic tissue. A repeat conservative surgical procedure to treat persistent ectopic pregnancies and maintain potential fertility is advocated. This case also serves as a reminder to diligently examine all areas of the pelvis for the possible secondary implantation of persistent trophoblastic tissue should reoperation be necessary. C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Div Reprod Endocrinol, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Brooke Army Med Ctr,San Antonio Uniformed Serv Hl, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Obstet Gynecol & Reprod Biol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Robinson, RD (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Div Reprod Endocrinol, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Brooke Army Med Ctr,San Antonio Uniformed Serv Hl, 2200 Berquist Dr,Suite 1,MMNO, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. EM randal.robinson@lackland.af.mil NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SCI PRINTERS & PUBL INC PI ST LOUIS PA PO DRAWER 12425 8342 OLIVE BLVD, ST LOUIS, MO 63132 USA SN 0024-7758 J9 J REPROD MED JI J. Reprod. Med. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 49 IS 8 BP 693 EP 695 PG 3 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 849UD UT WOS:000223565500016 PM 15457862 ER PT J AU Lane, J Cheok, KC Agnew, B AF Lane, J Cheok, KC Agnew, B TI Introduction: Intelligent ground vehicle competition (IGVC) SO JOURNAL OF ROBOTIC SYSTEMS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA, RDECOM, TARDEC, AMSRD,TAR,R,MS 205, Warren, MI 48397 USA. Oakland Univ, Dept Elect & Syst Engn, Rochester, MI 48309 USA. RP Lane, J (reprint author), USA, RDECOM, TARDEC, AMSRD,TAR,R,MS 205, Warren, MI 48397 USA. EM LaneG@tacom.army.mil NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0741-2223 J9 J ROBOTIC SYST JI J. Robot. Syst. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 21 IS 8 BP 401 EP 403 DI 10.1002/rob.20022 PG 3 WC Robotics SC Robotics GA 840CM UT WOS:000222834600001 ER PT J AU Cheok, KC Smid, GE Lane, GR Agnew, WG Khan, A AF Cheok, KC Smid, GE Lane, GR Agnew, WG Khan, A TI Gauging intelligence of unmanned vehicle systems - An IGVC perspective SO JOURNAL OF ROBOTIC SYSTEMS LA English DT Article AB This paper offers an approach for defining and gauging the intelligence of an unmanned vehicle system. The meaning of "intelligence," as in natural intelligence and machine intelligence, varies greatly depending on the context in which the word is used. The paper describes certain basic expectations associated with being intelligent in general, and proceeds to present three possible means of gauging the intelligent behavior of an unmanned vehicle system (UVS). The first is a qualitative perception that is based on an extension of the Turin's test for perceiving an unsuspecting UVS behavior as that of a person. The second is a quantitative measure where task-specific intelligence performance of a smart system is evaluated. Examples of task-specific intelligence and how they are gauged are presented in the context of the Intelligent Ground Vehicle Competition. The third is the comparative scale that gauges the difficulty of challenges against the intelligent skills of humans. For example, an experiment revealed that it requires the mind of at least a four-year-old child to successfully navigate an autonomous navigation course. Alternative architectures for intelligent unmanned vehicle systems were also presented, including complementing machine intelligence with human supervision via telematics and information technology. (C) 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 Oakland Univ, Dept Elect & Syst Engn, Rochester, MI 48309 USA. USA, RDECOM, TARDEC, MS 205, Warren, MI 48397 USA. Ctr Asthma & Allergy, Highland Pk, NJ USA. RP Cheok, KC (reprint author), Oakland Univ, Dept Elect & Syst Engn, Rochester, MI 48309 USA. EM cheok@oakland.edu NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0741-2223 J9 J ROBOTIC SYST JI J. Robot. Syst. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 21 IS 8 BP 405 EP 417 DI 10.1002/rob.20028 PG 13 WC Robotics SC Robotics GA 840CM UT WOS:000222834600002 ER PT J AU Hampton, RD Nash, D Barlow, D Powell, R Albert, B Young, S AF Hampton, RD Nash, D Barlow, D Powell, R Albert, B Young, S TI An autonomous tracked vehicle with omnidirectional sensing SO JOURNAL OF ROBOTIC SYSTEMS LA English DT Article AB Operation of an autonomous vehicle along a marked path, in an obstacle-laden environment, requires path detection, relative position detection and control, and obstacle detection and avoidance. The design solution of the team from the U.S. Military Academy is a tracked vehicle operating open-loop in response to position information from an omnidirectional mirror, and to obstacle-detection input from the mirror and from a scanning laser. The use of a tracked rather than a wheeled vehicle is the team's open-loop solution to the problem of wheeled-vehicle slippage on wet and sandy surfaces. The vehicleresponds to sensor information from (1) a digital camera-mounted parabolic omnidirectional mirror for visual inputs and (2) a scanning laser for detecting obstacles in relief. Raw sensor data is converted synchronously into a global virtual context, which places the vehicle's center at the origin of a 2-D Cartesian coordinate system. A four-phase process is used to convert the camera's inputs into the data structures needed to reason about the vehicle's position relative to the course. Development of the path plan proceeds incrementally, using a space-sweeping algorithm to identify safe paths along waypoints within the course boundaries. An attempt is made to minimize translation errors by favoring paths which exhibit fewer sharp turns. Integration of Intel's OpenCV computer vision library and the Independent JPEG Group's JPEG library allow for very good encapsulation of the low-level functions needed to do most of the image processing. Ada95 is the language of choice for the majority of the team-developed software, except where needed to interface to motors and sensors. Use of an object-oriented high-level language has been invaluable in leveraging the efforts of previous years' development activities, and for maximizing the ability to log or otherwise respond to anomalous behavior. (C) 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Civil & Mech Engn, W Point, NY 10996 USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, W Point, NY 10996 USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Syst Engn, W Point, NY 10996 USA. US Mil Acad, CME Dept, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Hampton, RD (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Civil & Mech Engn, W Point, NY 10996 USA. EM roy.hampton@usma.edu NR 5 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 9 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0741-2223 J9 J ROBOTIC SYST JI J. Robot. Syst. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 21 IS 8 BP 429 EP 437 DI 10.1002/rob.20024 PG 9 WC Robotics SC Robotics GA 840CM UT WOS:000222834600004 ER PT J AU Rogers-Bennett, L Dondanville, RF Kashiwada, J AF Rogers-Bennett, L Dondanville, RF Kashiwada, J TI Size specific fecundity of red abalone (Haliotis rufescens): Evidence for reproductive senescence? SO JOURNAL OF SHELLFISH RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE abalone reproduction; Haliotis rufescens; size at maturity; necrotic eggs; molluscs; northern California ID MARINE PROTECTED AREAS; SOUTHERN-CALIFORNIA; MANAGEMENT; SWAINSON; GASTROPODA; FISHERIES; MOLLUSCA; COLLAPSE; BIOLOGY; DECLINE AB The fecundity of wild red abalone, Haliotis rufescens, was examined during four reproductive seasons (2000-2003) in northern California. A broad size range of abalone were sampled (n = 425) from Van Damme State Park and the Point Arena area. Sexual maturity was defined as the presence of sperm or mature oocytes 170-190 mum in diameter, with a jelly coat, detached from the trabeculae in the gonad. Histologic examination revealed that abalone <50 mm in shell length had not yet sexually differentiated and that 50% of the females from 105-130 mm and the males 75-95 mm had mature gametes while all larger animals were mature. Fecundity, as measured by an estimate of the number of mature eggs per female (X), increased exponentially with increasing shell length (Y) until the peak at 215 mm in shell length after which mature egg number began to decline. The largest female 260 mm (10.24 inches) had >80% necrotic eggs. The data were fit to a non-linear Gaussian curve with 3 parameters; (Y) = Ae(-(X-mu)2/2sigma2) the maximum productivity (A = 2,850,000 eggs y(-1)). size at maximum productivity (V = 215 mm), and standard deviation ((T = 38 mm) of the distribution of maximum productivity versus size. We conclude that whereas large females in excess of 215 mm in shell length undergo some senescence (decline in egg production), these females could potentially contribute as much to reproduction as the mid-size (130-215 mm) females. This suggests that management strategies that protect large females such as marine protected areas or de facto reserves will help maintain egg production and that more work is needed to better understand the relationship between female size and egg necrosis. C1 Calif Dept Fish & Game, Bodega Bay, CA 94923 USA. UC Bodega Marine Lab, Bodega Bay, CA 94923 USA. CDFG, Ft Bragg, CA 95437 USA. RP Rogers-Bennett, L (reprint author), Calif Dept Fish & Game, POB 247, Bodega Bay, CA 94923 USA. EM rogersbennett@ucdavis.edu NR 26 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 7 PU NATL SHELLFISHERIES ASSOC PI SOUTHAMPTON PA C/O DR. SANDRA E. SHUMWAY, NATURAL SCIENCE DIVISION, SOUTHAMPTON COLLEGE, SOUTHAMPTON, NY 11968 USA SN 0730-8000 J9 J SHELLFISH RES JI J. Shellfish Res. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 23 IS 2 BP 553 EP 560 PG 8 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 854TB UT WOS:000223925100028 ER PT J AU Lehman, RA Potter, BK Kuklo, TR Chang, AS Polly, DW Shawen, SB Orchowski, JR AF Lehman, RA Potter, BK Kuklo, TR Chang, AS Polly, DW Shawen, SB Orchowski, JR TI Probing for thoracic pedicle screw tract violation(s) - Is it valid? SO JOURNAL OF SPINAL DISORDERS & TECHNIQUES LA English DT Article DE thoracic pedicle screw; pedicle wall violation; probing; accuracy; reliability ID LUMBAR SPINE; IDIOPATHIC SCOLIOSIS; MORPHOMETRIC ANALYSIS; COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; PLAIN RADIOGRAPHS; LUMBOSACRAL SPINE; EVOKED-POTENTIALS; PLACEMENT; FIXATION; ACCURACY AB Background: Preparation of the thoracic pedicle screw tract is a critical step prior to the placement of screws. The ability to detect pedicle wall violation(s) by probing prior to insertion of thoracic pedicles screws. however, has not been studied. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the inter- and intraobserver agreement and the accuracy in detecting thoracic pedicle screw tract violation(s) among surgeons at various levels of training. Methods: With use of a straightforward trajectory, under direct visualization, 108 thoracic pedicle screw tracts (54 cadaveric thoracic vertebrae) were prepared in a standard fashion, followed by tapping with a 4.5-mm cannulated tap. A deliberate pedicle violation was randomly created by an independent investigator in either the anterior, the medial, or the lateral wall in 65 pedicles. Following this, four blinded, independent surgeons at various levels of training probed the specimens on three separate occasions to determine if a breach was present (1296 discrete data points). Surgeon findings were then recorded as breach present or absent and, if present, breach location. The Cohen kappa correlation coefficient (kappa(a)) and 95% confidence interval were used to assess the accuracy of the observers and the inter- and intraobserver agreement. Results: The mean accuracy over three iterations, the validity in detecting the breach location, and the intraobserver agreement varied by level of training and experience, with the most experienced observer (observer 1) scoring the best and the least experienced observer (observer 4) scoring the worst. The three most senior surgeons had good intraobserver agreement. Interobserver agreement was low between the four observers. Conclusions: An observer's ability to accurately detect the presence or absence of a pedicle tract violation and the breach location,, if present, is dependent on the surgeon's level of training. Probing the pedicle tract prior to placement of pedicle screws in the thoracic spine is likely a learned skill that improves with repetition and experience. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Orthopaed Surg Serv, Rockville, MD 20853 USA. RP Kuklo, TR (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Orthopaed Surg Serv, 15619 Thistlebridge Dr, Rockville, MD 20853 USA. EM Timothy.Kuklo@na.amedd.army.mil NR 58 TC 31 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1536-0652 J9 J SPINAL DISORD TECH JI J. Spinal Disord. Tech. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 17 IS 4 BP 277 EP 283 DI 10.1097/01.bsd.0000095399.27687.c5 PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology; Orthopedics SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Orthopedics GA 845PO UT WOS:000223257000004 PM 15280755 ER PT J AU Carlock, JM Smith, SL Hartman, MJ Morris, RT Ciroslan, DA Pierce, KC Newton, RU Harman, EA Sands, WA Stone, MH AF Carlock, JM Smith, SL Hartman, MJ Morris, RT Ciroslan, DA Pierce, KC Newton, RU Harman, EA Sands, WA Stone, MH TI The relationship between vertical jump power estimates and weightlifting ability: A field-test approach SO JOURNAL OF STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE vertical jump; weightlifting; power; talent identification ID STRENGTH; PERFORMANCE; EQUATIONS; COUNTERMOVEMENT; VALIDATION; WOMEN; LOAD AB The purpose of this study was to assess the usefulness of the vertical jump and estimated vertical-jump power as a field test for weightlifting. Estimated PP output from the vertical jump was correlated with lifting ability among 64 USA national-level weightlifters (junior and senior men and women). Vertical jump was measured using the Kinematic Measurement System, consisting of a switch mat interfaced with a laptop computer. Vertical jumps were measured using a hands-on-hips method. A counter-movement vertical jump (CMJ) and a static vertical jump (SJ, 90degrees knee angle) were measured. Two trials were given for each condition. Test-retest reliability for jump height was intra-class correlation (ICC) = 0.98 (CMJ) and ICC = 0.96 (SJ). Athletes warmed up on their own for 2-3 minutes, followed by 2 practice jumps at each condition. Peak power (PP) was estimated using the equations developed by Sayers et al. (24). The athletes' current lifting capabilities were assessed by a questionnaire, and USA national coaches checked the listed values. Differences between groups (i.e., men versus women, juniors versus resident lifters) were determined using t-tests (p less than or equal to 0.05). Correlations were determined using Pearson's r. Results indicate that vertical jumping PP is strongly associated with weightlifting ability. Thus, these results indicate that PP derived from the vertical jump (CMJ or SJ) can be a valuable tool in assessing weightlifting performance. C1 US Olymp Comm, Colorado Springs, CO 80909 USA. USA Weightlifting, Colorado Springs, CO 80909 USA. USA, Weightlifting Dev Ctr, Shreveport, LA 71115 USA. Edith Cowan Univ, Sch Biomed & Sports Sci, Perth, WA, Australia. USA, Inst Environm Med, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Stone, MH (reprint author), US Olymp Comm, Colorado Springs, CO 80909 USA. EM mike.stone@usoc.org RI Newton, Robert/A-3466-2009 OI Newton, Robert/0000-0003-0302-6129 NR 31 TC 102 Z9 106 U1 3 U2 25 PU ALLIANCE COMMUNICATIONS GROUP DIVISION ALLEN PRESS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 1064-8011 J9 J STRENGTH COND RES JI J. Strength Cond. Res. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 18 IS 3 BP 534 EP 539 PG 6 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 848KW UT WOS:000223467400025 PM 15320676 ER PT J AU Shen, ZH Sandhu, G Li, D Bara, CE Waldrup, SB Siddiqui, S Dillon, CR MacIver, BK McHugh, MA AF Shen, ZH Sandhu, G Li, D Bara, CE Waldrup, SB Siddiqui, S Dillon, CR MacIver, BK McHugh, MA TI Solubility of chemical warfare agent simulants in supercritical carbon dioxide: experiments and modeling SO JOURNAL OF SUPERCRITICAL FLUIDS LA English DT Article DE supercritical fluid; chemical warfare agent; solubility; equation of state modeling ID FLUID EXTRACTION; SOILS; SULFIDE AB Solubility data are reported for ethyl phenyl sulfide (EPS) and 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES) in CO2 at temperatures from 25 to 100degreesC. These two sulfide-based compounds are homomorphs for chemical warfare agents (CWAs). Both sulfide-CO2 mixtures exhibit type-I phase behavior. The maximum in the 100degreesC isotherm is approximately 2600 psia for the CEES-CO2 system and approximately 3400 psia for the EPS-CO2 system. The Peng-Robinson equation of state (PREOS) is used to model both sulfide-CO2 mixtures as well as the phase behavior of the 2-chloroethyl methyl sulfide (CEMS)-CO2 system previously reported in the literature. The Joback-Lydersen group contribution method is used to estimate the critical temperature, critical pressure, and acentric factor for the sulfides. Semi-quantitative estimates of the phase behavior are obtained for the CEES-CO2 and EPS-CO2 systems with a constant value of k(ij), the binary interaction parameter, fit to the 75degreesC isotherms. However, very poor fits are obtained for the 2-chloroethyl methyl sulfide-CO2 system regardless of the value of k(ij). On the basis of the high solubility of EPS and CEES in CO2, supercritical fluid (SCF)-based technology could be used to recycle or recover chemical warfare materials. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP McHugh, MA (reprint author), Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Med Coll Virginia Campus, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. EM mmchugh@vcu.edu NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0896-8446 J9 J SUPERCRIT FLUID JI J. Supercrit. Fluids PD AUG PY 2004 VL 30 IS 3 BP 273 EP 280 DI 10.1016/j.supflu.2003.09.006 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 842MR UT WOS:000223008900003 ER PT J AU Collier, SL Wilson, DK AF Collier, SL Wilson, DK TI Performance bounds for passive sensor arrays operating in a turbulent medium: Spherical-wave analysis SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID FLUCTUATIONS; ATMOSPHERE AB ne Cramer-Rao lower bounds of the angle-of-arrival estimates for a spherical wave incident on a passive. acoustic array are investigated for propagation through a turbulent medium with fluctuations described by a von Karman spectrum. A single monochromatic source and a line-of-sight propagation path are assumed. The propagation distance, turbulence parameters (characteristic length scale and index-of-refraction variance), phase of the source, and signal-to-noise ratio are also included in the unknown parameter set. The Cramer-Rao lower bounds of the angle-of-arrival estimates are affected by the addition of the propagation distance and source phase as unknowns, and are not affected by the addition of the turbulence parameters and signal-to-noise ratio as unknowns. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRD, ARL,CI,EE, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Collier, SL (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRD, ARL,CI,EE, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM scollier@arl.army.mil RI Wilson, D. Keith/A-4687-2012 OI Wilson, D. Keith/0000-0002-8020-6871 NR 18 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 116 IS 2 BP 987 EP 1001 DI 10.1121/1.1760111 PG 15 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 845YQ UT WOS:000223281800035 ER PT J AU Moran, DS Pandolf, KB Heled, Y Gonzalez, RR AF Moran, DS Pandolf, KB Heled, Y Gonzalez, RR TI Evaluation of the environmental stress index (ESI) for different terrestrial elevations below and above sea level SO JOURNAL OF THERMAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE solar radiation; pyranometer; light sensor; relative humidity; global radiation ID UV IRRADIANCE; HOT WEATHER; RADIATION; SURFACE; SATELLITE; COVER AB The purpose of this study was to evaluate the recently developed environmental stress index (ESI) for different climatic conditions and terrestrial elevations below and above sea level and to evaluate a new and relatively small (5 mm) infra-red (IR) light sensor for reliability and for measuring global radiation (GR). Meteorological measurements were taken in 3 different climatic zones (hot/wet, hot/dry and extremely hot/dry) at 6 different terrestrial elevations (-386, -200, 35, 375, 960 and 1640m) for 9 days between 09:00 and 17:00. Meteorological data included ambient temperature, relative humidity, wet bulb temperature, black globe temperature and GR from two instruments: an IR light sensor and a pyranometer. In general, ESI successfully evaluated the impact of climate from the various locations at different terrestrial elevations. Global radiation measurements revealed no significant (P < 0.05) differences between measurements by the pyranometer or the IR light sensor. High correlation was found between ESI and the wet bulb globe temperature index when GR was calculated from both the pyranometer (R-2 = 0.933) and the light sensor (R-2 = 0.939). In conclusion, ESI is a valid measure for different terrestrial elevations, and the IR sensors have the potential to measure GR for use in heat stress assessment incorporated in the index. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Biophys & Biomed Modeling Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Chaim Sheba Med Ctr, Heller Inst Med Res, IL-52621 Tel Hashomer, Israel. RP Moran, DS (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Biophys & Biomed Modeling Div, Bldg 42, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM dmoran55@comcast.net NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0306-4565 J9 J THERM BIOL JI J. Therm. Biol. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 29 IS 6 BP 291 EP 297 DI 10.1016/j.therbio.2004.05.007 PG 7 WC Biology; Zoology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Zoology GA 852DE UT WOS:000223734600005 ER PT J AU Patel, TH Wenner, KA Price, SA Weber, MA Leveridge, A McAtee, SJ AF Patel, TH Wenner, KA Price, SA Weber, MA Leveridge, A McAtee, SJ TI A US Army forward surgical team's experience in Operation Iraqi Freedom SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE Forward Army Surgical Team; Operation Iraqi Freedom; Chemical Biological Protected Shelter System ID DAMAGE CONTROL SURGERY; MANAGEMENT; MILITARY AB Background. The Forward Army Surgical Team (FST) was designed to provide surgical capability far forward on the battlefield to stabilize and resuscitate those soldiers with life and limb threatening injuries. Operation Iraqi Freedom represents the largest military operation in which the FST concept of health care delivery has been employed. The purpose of our review is to describe the experience of the 555FST during the assault phase of Operation Iraqi Freedom. Methods: During the 23 days beginning 21 March 2003, data on all patients seen by the 555 FST were recorded. These data included combatant status, injuries according to anatomic location, and operative procedures performed. Results: During the twenty-three day period, the 555 FST evaluated 154 patients. There were 52 EPWs, 79 U.S. soldiers, and 23 Iraqi civilians treated. Injuries to the lower extremity and chest (48% and 25%) were the most common in the EPW group. Upper extremity and lower extremity injuries were the most common in the civilian (57% and 39%) and U.S. soldier groups (32% and 30%). The number of injured regions per patient were 1.14 for U.S. soldiers, 1.33 for EPWs, and 1.52 for Iraqi civilians (p < 0.003). EPWs had proportionately more thoracic and abdominal injuries than the other groups (p < 0.05). Conclusions. majority of the life threatening injuries evaluated involved EPWs. A combination of body armor and armored vehicles used by U.S. soldiers limited the number of torso injuries presenting to the FST. Early resuscitation and stabilization of U.S. soldiers, EPWs, and civilians can be successfully accomplished at the front lines by FSTs. Further modification of the FST's equipment will be needed to improve its ability in providing far forward surgical care. C1 Reynolds Army Community Hosp, Dept Surg, Ft Sill, OK 73505 USA. Reynolds Army Community Hosp, Dept Family Practice, Ft Sill, OK 73505 USA. 555 Forward Surg Team, Ft Hood, TX USA. Darnell Army Community Hosp, Dept Surg, Ft Hood, TX USA. Darnell Army Community Hosp, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Ft Hood, TX USA. RP Patel, TH (reprint author), Reynolds Army Community Hosp, Dept Surg, Ft Sill, OK 73505 USA. NR 7 TC 97 Z9 105 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD AUG PY 2004 VL 57 IS 2 BP 201 EP 207 DI 10.1097/01.TA.0000133638.30269.38 PG 7 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 859YG UT WOS:000224303700001 PM 15345962 ER PT J AU Zhang, JN Wood, J Bergeron, AL McBride, L Ball, C Yu, QH Pusiteri, AE Holcomb, JB Dong, JF AF Zhang, JN Wood, J Bergeron, AL McBride, L Ball, C Yu, QH Pusiteri, AE Holcomb, JB Dong, JF TI Effects of low temperature on shear-induced platelet aggregation and activation SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE hypothermia; shear stress; platelet activation; aggregation ID VON-WILLEBRAND-FACTOR; IX-V COMPLEX; IB-IX; BLOOD-PLATELETS; SHAPE CHANGE; HYPOTHERMIA; TRAUMA; COLD; COAGULOPATHY; COAGULATION AB Background: Hemorrhage is a major complication of trauma and often becomes more severe in hypothermic patients. Although it has been known that platelets are activated in the cold, studies have been focused on platelet behavior at 4degreesC, which is far below temperatures encountered in hypothermic trauma patients. In contrast, how platelets function at temperatures that are commonly found in hypothermic trauma patients (32-37degreesC) remains largely unknown, especially when they are exposed to significant changes in fluid shear stress that could occur in trauma patients due to hemorrhage, vascular dilation/constriction, and fluid resuscitation. Methods: Using a cone-plate viscometer, we have examined platelet activation and aggregation in response to a wide range of fluid shear stresses at 24, 32, 35, and 37degreesC. Results: We found that shear-induced platelet aggregation was significantly increased at 24, 32, and 35degreesC as compared with 37degreesC and the enhancement was observed in whole blood and platelet-rich plasma. In contrast to observation made at 4degreesC, the increased shear-induced platelet aggregation at these temperatures was associated with minimal platelet activation as determined by the P-selectin expression on platelet surface. Blood viscosity was also increased at low temperature and the changes in viscosity correlated with levels of plasma total protein and fibrinogen. Conclusion: We found that platelets are hyper-reactive to fluid shear stress at temperatures of 24, 32, and 35degreesC as compared with at 37degreesC. The hyperreactivity results in heightened aggregation through a platelet-activation independent mechanism. The enhanced platelet aggregation parallels with increased whole blood viscosity at these temperatures, suggesting that enhanced mechanical cross-linking may be responsible for the enhanced platelet aggregation. C1 Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Thrombosis Res Sect, Houston, TX 77030 USA. USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Dong, JF (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Thrombosis Res Sect, BCM286,N1319,1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM jfdong@bcm.tmc.edu FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL71895, HL65967] NR 40 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD AUG PY 2004 VL 57 IS 2 BP 216 EP 223 DI 10.1097/01.TA.0000093366.98819.FE PG 8 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 859YG UT WOS:000224303700003 PM 15345964 ER PT J AU Hoyt, DB Holcomb, J Abraham, E Atkins, J Sopko, G AF Hoyt, DB Holcomb, J Abraham, E Atkins, J Sopko, G TI Working Group on Trauma Research Program summary report SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Editorial Material ID RESUSCITATION RESEARCH; SCIENTIFIC PRIORITIES C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. USA, Inst Surg Res, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Denver, CO USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. NHLBI, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Hoyt, DB (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Med Ctr, 200 W Arbor Dr, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. NR 6 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD AUG PY 2004 VL 57 IS 2 BP 410 EP 415 DI 10.1097/00005373-200408000-00038 PG 6 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 859YG UT WOS:000224303700042 PM 15345998 ER PT J AU Morey, AF AF Morey, AF TI Pediatric renal injuries: Management guidelines from a 25-year experience - Editorial comment SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Urol Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. RP Morey, AF (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Urol Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 172 IS 2 BP 690 EP 690 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 837MJ UT WOS:000222639300071 ER PT J AU Blow, JA Dohm, DJ Negley, DL Mores, CN AF Blow, JA Dohm, DJ Negley, DL Mores, CN TI Virus inactivation by nucleic acid extraction reagents SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE virus inactivation; arbovirus; filoviridae AB Many assume that common methods to extract viral nucleic acids are able to render a sample non-infectious. It may be that inactivation of infectious virus is incomplete during viral nucleic acid extraction methods. Accordingly, two common viral nucleic acid extraction techniques were evaluated for the ability to inactivate high viral titer specimens. In particular, the potential for TRIzol(R) LS Reagent (Invitrogen Corp., Carlsbad, CA) and AVL Buffer (Qiagen, Valencia, CA) were examined to render suspensions of alphaviruses, flaviviruses, filoviruses and a bunyavirus non-infectious to tissue culture assay. The dilution series for both extraction reagents consistently caused cell death through a 100-fold dilution. Except for the DEN subtype 4 positive control, all viruses had titers of at least 10(6) pfu/ml. No plaques were detected in any extraction reagent plus virus combination in this study, therefore, the extraction reagents appeared to inactivate completely each of the high-titer viruses used in this study. These results support the reliance upon either TRIzol(R) LS Reagent or AVL Buffer to render clinical or environmental samples non-infectious, which has implications for the handling and processing of samples under austere field conditions and low level containment. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Dept Vector Assessment, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Blow, JA (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Dept Vector Assessment, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM jamie.blow@us.army.mil NR 3 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-0934 J9 J VIROL METHODS JI J. Virol. Methods PD AUG PY 2004 VL 119 IS 2 BP 195 EP 198 DI 10.1016/j.jviromet.2004.03.015 PG 4 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA 828MX UT WOS:000221978500019 PM 15158603 ER PT J AU Hansen, JC AF Hansen, JC TI The effect of senatorial voting on reelection probability. SO LEGISLATIVE STUDIES QUARTERLY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU COMPARATIVE LEGISLATIVE RES CENTER PI IOWA CITY PA UNIV OF IOWA, W307 SEASHORE HALL, IOWA CITY, IA 52242-1409 USA SN 0362-9805 J9 LEGIS STUD QUART JI Legis. Stud. Q. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 29 IS 3 BP 470 EP 471 PG 2 WC Political Science SC Government & Law GA 843MX UT WOS:000223089100012 ER PT J AU Burgess, EB AF Burgess, EB TI Lost in Tibet: The untold story of five American airmen, a doomed plane, and the will to survive. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Burgess, EB (reprint author), USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 129 IS 13 BP 95 EP 95 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 846BB UT WOS:000223288500227 ER PT J AU Minyard, CM AF Minyard, CM TI The remnants of war. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Blountstown, FL USA. RP Minyard, CM (reprint author), USA, Blountstown, FL USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 129 IS 13 BP 95 EP 95 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 846BB UT WOS:000223288500225 ER PT J AU Metz, EJ AF Metz, EJ TI The wars of the Bushes: A father and son as military leaders. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Metz, EJ (reprint author), Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 129 IS 13 BP 100 EP 100 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 846BB UT WOS:000223288500249 ER PT J AU Mays, JW Uhrig, D Gido, S Zhu, YQ Weidisch, R Iatrou, H Hadjichristidis, N Hong, K Beyer, F Lach, R Buschnakowski, M AF Mays, JW Uhrig, D Gido, S Zhu, YQ Weidisch, R Iatrou, H Hadjichristidis, N Hong, K Beyer, F Lach, R Buschnakowski, M TI Synthesis and structure - Property relationships for regular multigraft copolymers SO MACROMOLECULAR SYMPOSIA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Ionic Polymerization CY JUN 30-JUL 04, 2003 CL Boston, MA SP Int Union Pure & Appl Chem, Amer Chem Soc, Polymer Div, Univ Akron, Univ Massachusetts, Natl Sci Fdn DMR, Amer Chem Soc, Petr Res Fund, Asahi Kasei Corp, BASF, Bayer Corp, Boston Sci Corp, Bridgestone Firestone, Chemetall Foote Corp, Chevron Phillips Chem Co, GE, Kaneka Corp, Korea Kumho Petrochem Co Ltd, Kraton Polymers, Sartomer, Synthomer, John Wiley & Sons Inc, Wyatt Technol Corp DE anionic polymerization; graft copolymer; mechanical properties; molecular architecture; morphology ID DOUBLE-GRAFT-COPOLYMERS; MOLECULAR ARCHITECTURE; BRANCH-POINTS; CENTIPEDES; MORPHOLOGY; POLYSTYRENES; COMBS AB Multigraft copolymers with polyisoprene backbones and polystyrene branches, having multiple regularly spaced branch points, were synthesized by anionic polymerization high vacuum techniques and controlled chlorosilane linking chemistry. The functionality of the branch points (1, 2 and 4) can be controlled, through the choice of chlorosilane linking agent. The morphologies of the various graft copolymers were investigated by transmission electron microscopy and X-ray scattering. It was concluded that the morphology of these complex architectures is governed by the behavior of the corresponding miktoarm star copolymer associated with each branch point (constituting block copolymer), which follows Milner's theoretical treatment for miktoarm stars. By comparing samples having the same molecular weight backbone and branches but different number of branches it was found that the extent of long range order decreases with increasing number of branch points. The stress-strain properties in tension were investigated for some of these multigraft copolymers. For certain compositions thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) behavior was observed, and in many instances the elongation at break was much higher (2-3X) than that of conventional triblock TPEs. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Flinders Univ S Australia, Sch Chem Phys & Earth Sci, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia. Univ Massachusetts, Dept Polymer Sci & Engn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. Polymer Res Inst, D-01068 Dresden, Germany. Univ Athens, Dept Chem, GR-15771 Athens, Greece. USA, Res Lab, Polymers Res Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Univ Halle Wittenberg, Dept Mat Sci, D-06099 Halle Saale, Germany. RP Mays, JW (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RI Umlauf, Ursula/D-3356-2014; Uhrig, David/A-7458-2016; Hong, Kunlun/E-9787-2015 OI Uhrig, David/0000-0001-8447-6708; Hong, Kunlun/0000-0002-2852-5111 NR 17 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 10 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1022-1360 J9 MACROMOL SYMP JI Macromol. Symp. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 215 BP 111 EP 126 DI 10.1002/masy.200451110 PG 16 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 862LK UT WOS:000224492100011 ER PT J AU Davis, GD Vargo, TG Daigleish, AW Deason, D AF Davis, GD Vargo, TG Daigleish, AW Deason, D TI Corrosion protection and condition monitoring using 'Smart' appliques SO MATERIALS PERFORMANCE LA English DT Article AB The tropical marine environment is highly corrosive, and improved corrosion protection. and control methods are needed to protect assets and infrastructure subjected to it. One solution to this problem is the "smart" applique. The technology, a peel-and-stick fluoropolymer film with a sensor electrode and pressure-sensitive adhesive, provides corrosion protection and condition monitoring to alert an inspector if the applique has been damaged or has deteriorated. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements using the embedded sensors allow condition monitoring. The sensors can detect poor applique installation or damage to the applique before any damage to the structure occurs. C1 USA, Space & Missile Def Command, Washington, DC USA. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ASSN CORROSION ENG PI HOUSTON PA 1440 SOUTH CREEK DRIVE, HOUSTON, TX 77084-4906 USA SN 0094-1492 J9 MATER PERFORMANCE JI Mater. Perform. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 43 IS 8 BP 32 EP 36 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA 849ML UT WOS:000223542700015 ER PT J AU Brown, AE Nitayaphan, S AF Brown, AE Nitayaphan, S TI Foundations for a phase III human immunodeficiency virus vaccine trial: A decade of Thai-US army collaborative research SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID YOUNG MEN; SUBTYPE-E; CRF01-AE/B RECOMBINANT; INFECTED PATIENTS; HIV-1 INFECTION; NORTH AMERICANS; VIRAL LOAD; TYPE-1; VOLUNTEERS; NEUTRALIZATION AB As part of the response of the Royal Thai Army to the outbreak of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in Thailand, a collaboration was established with the U.S. Army to jointly work toward the development of vaccines for the prevention of HIV infection. During the first decade of this collaboration, studies have been carried out in the diverse disciplines that are crucial to providing the foundations for efficacy trials of candidate HIV vaccines. Studies of host, pathogen, and vaccine interventions included studies of viral diversity, epidemiology, disease course, potential vaccine cohorts, and Phase I/II clinical trials. Collaborations were expanded to other Thai institutions and to overseas partners, resulting in the Thai AIDS Vaccine Evaluation Group. The efforts of these collaborations resulted in the development of candidate vaccines specifically designed for use in Thailand, and sequential evaluations that have lead to the threshold of the world's next and largest efficacy trial of HIV vaccines. C1 Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, US Army Med Component, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Royal Thai Army Component, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. RP Brown, AE (reprint author), Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, US Army Med Component, 315-6 Rajvithi Rd, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. NR 70 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 169 IS 8 BP 588 EP 593 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019IZ UT WOS:000235830100005 PM 15379068 ER PT J AU Hennessy, B Joyce, A AF Hennessy, B Joyce, A TI A survey of preprocedural antiseptic mouth rinse use in army dental clinics SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID AEROSOL CONTAMINATION; CHLORHEXIDINE; BACTEREMIA; EFFICACY AB Objective: The objective of this project was to evaluate the use of preprocedural mouth rinses in Army dental clinics. Materials and Methods: Three hundred six-question surveys were distributed to 10 Army dental organizations throughout the United States and Germany during the period from March 2001 to March 2002. Two hundred fifty-four surveys were completed and returned. Simple mathematics were used to evaluate answers to the questionnaires. Results: The 254 respondents included military dentists (n = 190), civilian dentists used by the military (n = 27), registered dental hygienists (n = 20), and military-trained dental hygiene technicians (n = 17). Eighty-four and one-tenth percent of respondents (n = 216) use preprocedural rinses in their practices to prevent possible disease transmission (n = 85) or to decrease chances of postoperative infection (n = 167). Chlorhexidine gluconate (n = 170) and phenol-based essential oil preparations (n = 84) are the most commonly used products. The perceived greatest benefits of preprocedural rinsing are to decrease oral bacterial load (38%), to decrease incidence of postoperative infection (21%), and to decrease aerosolization of bacteria (8.66%). Conclusions: Army dental clinics make extensive use of antimicrobial preprocedural rinses. Chlorhexidine and Listerine (Warner-Lambert Consumer Healthcare, Morris Plains, NJ) are the most commonly used products. Currently available literature appears to support the use of these products in preventing or diminishing the chances of postoperative infection. C1 Comanche Adv Educ Gen Dent One Year Program, Ft Sill, OK 73503 USA. Endodont Residency Program, Ft Gordon, GA 30809 USA. RP Hennessy, B (reprint author), Comanche Adv Educ Gen Dent One Year Program, 605 Randolph Rd, Ft Sill, OK 73503 USA. NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 169 IS 8 BP 600 EP 603 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019IZ UT WOS:000235830100007 PM 15379070 ER PT J AU Rothfuss, LG Johnson, SA Larsen, SD Chaffin, J Finstuen, K AF Rothfuss, LG Johnson, SA Larsen, SD Chaffin, J Finstuen, K TI Staffing model for dental wellness and readiness SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB Oral health is an integral part of general health. Previous research has shown that untreated oral conditions can result in increased rates of disease and nonbattle injury for deployed soldiers. The purpose of this study was to develop models for U.S. Army dental wellness and readiness using a multivariate regression analysis approach. Staffing levels and dental wellness and readiness rates were examined for the first three quarters of fiscal year 2002 at 40 Army installations. Full regression model equations were developed for percent dental wellness and readiness using location, time, dental provider types, and basic training installation as predictor variables. Both models were shown to be statistically significant, with wellness R-2 = 0.37, F-12.107 = 5.18, p < 0.001 and readiness R-2 = 0.23, F-12.107 = 2.65, p < 0.01. Further tests of specific predictor effects revealed that wellness was significantly associated with the specialties of general dentistry, hygienists, and oral surgery, and that readiness was significantly associated with region and the oral surgery specialty. Results may be useful for the U.S. Army to identify the best practices in an effort to optimize dental wellness and readiness. C1 USA, Med Dept Ctr & Sch, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. USA, Dent Command, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. USA, Baylor Healthcare Adm Program, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. USA, Baylor Univ Grad Program Hlth Care, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Rothfuss, LG (reprint author), USA, Med Dept Ctr & Sch, 3151 Scott Rd, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 14 TC 2 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 169 IS 8 BP 604 EP 608 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019IZ UT WOS:000235830100008 PM 15379071 ER PT J AU Bobo, WV Hoge, CW Messina, MA Pavlovcic, F Levandowski, D Grieger, T AF Bobo, WV Hoge, CW Messina, MA Pavlovcic, F Levandowski, D Grieger, T TI Characteristics of repeat users of an inpatient psychiatry service at a large military tertiary care hospital SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID MENTAL-DISORDERS; FREQUENT USERS; US MILITARY; HEAVY USERS; RECIDIVISM; LENGTH; READMISSION; STAY; SCHIZOPHRENIA; ADMISSIONS AB Objective: The purpose of this study was to identify clinical and demographic variables that correlated with readmission to a large tertiary care military psychiatric inpatient service located in the Washington, DC area. Methods: Data from 983 consecutive inpatient admissions (comprised of 814 individual patients) over a 13-month period (July 1999-July 2000) were abstracted from medical records for retrospective analysis. Repeat users were defined as those individuals receiving two or more inpatient admissions to Walter Reed Army Medical Center during the study period. Statistical comparisons were made between repeat and single admission groups to identify variables predictive of rehospitalization. Results: Of 814 individual patients under study, 117 (14%) were identified as repeat users. A history of childhood psychiatric problems, previous psychiatric hospitalization, current or past substance abuse, legal problems, and presence of a psychotic or nonbipolar mood disorder were associated with readmission after controlling for active duty status. Current comorbid substance use or personality disorder diagnoses were not predictive. Having at least one child was protective against readmission. The 117 repeat users accounted for 3,838 (37%) of the total 10,393 hospital bed-days during the study period. Logistic regression analysis of all variables correlated with readmission demonstrated statistical significance for past psychiatric hospitalization and age of onset of psychiatric problems before age 18 when active duty status, age, and gender variables were included in the equation. Conclusions: This study is one of the largest to investigate predictors of rehospitalization in a population that enjoys universal "free" access to comprehensive mental health care services and other benefits of employment. This retrospective analysis documented three important facts: That there seem to be only minor differences between military and civilians with respect to variables associated with psychiatric rehospitalization, that a relatively small proportion of patients accounted for a disproportionately large number of inpatient bed-days, and that an unexpectedly high proportion of active duty patients admitted to this study site reported childhood psychiatric problems and psychiatric hospitalizations before their first hospitalization at Walter Reed Army Medical Center. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neuropsychiat, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Med Res & Mat Command, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Bobo, WV (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 39 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 169 IS 8 BP 648 EP 653 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019IZ UT WOS:000235830100015 PM 15379078 ER PT J AU Draghici, S Chen, DC Reffman, J AF Draghici, S Chen, DC Reffman, J TI Applications and challenges of DNA microarray technology in military medical research SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID BLOOD MONONUCLEAR-CELLS; GENE-EXPRESSION; PREDICTION; PROFILES; TOXICITY AB This review discusses the challenges and applications of DNA microarray technology as it is being used in each of the four major research areas of the U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command: military infectious diseases, combat casualty care, military operational medicine, and medical chemical and biological defense. The overall objective of this review is two-fold. First, the objective is to increase awareness in senior military leadership of the challenges and opportunities presented by DNA microarray technology and the emerging and rapidly changing field of bioinformatics. Second, the aim is to publicize to the civilian research community the additional challenges associated with the use of microarray technology in military medical research. This discussion contains material that would be useful for making programmatic recommendations that team strategic research investments and emerging technologies with U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command resources. C1 Wayne State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. USA, Med Res & Mat Command, Telemed & Adv Technol Res Ctr, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Draghici, S (reprint author), Wayne State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, 431 State Hall, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. RI Draghici, Sorin/B-3074-2013 OI Draghici, Sorin/0000-0002-0786-8377 NR 37 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 169 IS 8 BP 654 EP 659 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019IZ UT WOS:000235830100016 PM 15379079 ER PT J AU Young, SS Kwon, H Der, SZ Nasrabadi, NM AF Young, SS Kwon, H Der, SZ Nasrabadi, NM TI Adaptive target detection in forward-looking infrared imagery using the eigenspace separation transform and principal component analysis SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE target detection; eigenvector analysis; eigenspace separation transform; principal component analysis; forward-looking infrared imagery; statistical hypotheses testing ID NEURAL-NETWORK; FLIR IMAGES; RECOGNITION; SEGMENTATION; SYSTEM AB An adaptive target detection algorithm for forward-looking infrared (FLIR) imagery is proposed, which is based on measuring differences between structural information within a target and its surrounding background. At each pixel in the image a dual window is opened, where the inner window (inner image vector) represents a possible target signature and the outer window (consisting of a number of outer image vectors) represents the surrounding scene. These image vectors are then preprocessed by two directional highpass filters to obtain the corresponding image gradient vectors. The target detection problem is formulated as a statistical hypotheses testing problem by mapping these image gradient vectors into two linear transformations, P-1 and P-2, via principal component analysis (PCA) and eigenspace separation transform (EST), respectively. The first transformation P-1 is only a function of the inner image gradient vector. The second transformation P-2 is a function of both the inner and outer image gradient vectors. For the hypothesis H-1 (target), the difference of the two functions is small. For the hypothesis H-0 (clutter), the difference of the two functions is large. Results of testing the proposed target detection algorithm on two large FLIR image databases are presented. (C) 2004 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Young, SS (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM ssyoung@arl.army.mil NR 22 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOCIETY OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 43 IS 8 BP 1767 EP 1776 DI 10.1117/1.1768534 PG 10 WC Optics SC Optics GA 850HA UT WOS:000223600600012 ER PT J AU Du, YZ Chang, CI Ren, H Chang, CC Jensen, JO D'Amico, FM AF Du, YZ Chang, CI Ren, H Chang, CC Jensen, JO D'Amico, FM TI New hyperspectral discrimination measure for spectral characterization SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE relative spectral discriminatory entropy (RSDE); relative spectral discriminatory power (RSDPW); relative spectral discriminatory probability (RSDPB); self-information; spectral angle mapper (SAM); spectral information divergence (SID); spectral information measure (SIM) AB The spectral angle mapper (SAM) has been widely used in multispectral and hyperspectral image analysis to measure spectral similarity between substance signatures for material identification. It has been shown that the SAM is essentially the Euclidean distance when the spectral angle is small. Most recently, a stochastic measure, called the spectral information divergence (SID), has been suggested to model the spectrum of a hyperspectral image pixel as a probability distribution, so that spectral variations among spectral bands can be captured more effectively in a stochastic manner. This paper develops a new hyperspectral spectral discrimination measure, which combines the SID and the SAM into a mixed measure. More specifically, let r and r' denote two hyperspectral image pixel vectors with their corresponding spectra specified by s and s'. Then SAM(s,s') measures the spectral angle between s and s'. Similarly, SID(s,s') measures the information divergence be, tween the probability distributions generated by s and s'. The proposed new measure, referred to as the SID-SAM mixed measure, can be implemented in two versions, given by SID(s,s') x tan(SAM(s,s')) and SID(s,s') x sin(SAM(s,s')), where tan and sin are the usual trigonometric functions. The spectral discriminability of such a mixed measure is greatly enhanced by multiplying the spectral abilities of the two measures. In order to demonstrate its utility, a comparative study is conducted among the SID-SAM mixed measure, the SID, and the SAM. Our experimental results have shown that the discriminatory ability of the (SID,SAM) mixed measure can be a significant improvement over the SID and SAM. (C) 2004 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 USN Acad, Dept Elect Engn, Lab Biometr Signal Proc, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Comp Sci & Elect Engn, Remote Sensing Signal & Image Proc Lab, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. Natl Cent Univ, Dept Informat Engn, Ctr Space & Remote Sense Res, Chungli, Taiwan. Univ Maryland, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Du, YZ (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Elect Engn, Lab Biometr Signal Proc, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM ydu@usna.edu NR 7 TC 104 Z9 118 U1 1 U2 9 PU SPIE-INT SOCIETY OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 43 IS 8 BP 1777 EP 1786 DI 10.1117/1.1766301 PG 10 WC Optics SC Optics GA 850HA UT WOS:000223600600013 ER PT J AU Gregory, AR Schatz, S Laubach, H AF Gregory, AR Schatz, S Laubach, H TI Ophthalmomyiasis caused by the sheep bot fly Oestrus ovis in northern Iraq SO OPTOMETRY AND VISION SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Oestrus ovis; sheep bot fly; ophthalmomyiasis; Iraq; middle east ID OESTRUS-OVIS; EXTERNAL OPHTHALMOMYIASIS; CONJUNCTIVAL OPHTHALMOMYIASIS; MYIASIS; LARVAE; OESTRIDAE; DIPTERA; AREA AB Myiasis is the feeding of fly larvae on vertebrates. The sheep bot fly larva of Oestrus ovis is a mammalian parasite of the skin, nose, ears, and eyes. When the larvae infest and feed on the structures of the eye, the condition is termed ophthalmomyiasis. Most often this infestation is limited to the external structures of the eye and is referred to as ophthalmomyiasis externa. The features of this condition are severe local inflammation, positive foreign body sensation, erythema, and lacrimation. Vision may or may not be reduced, depending on involvement of the cornea. A 20-year-old white male soldier sought treatment for an inflamed eye and an irritated cornea OS. His eyelids were swollen with marked periorbital edema and conjunctival erythema OS. On slitlamp examination, small whitish organisms were viewed on the conjunctiva OS. The organisms were removed, preserved, and sent to Nova Southeastern University where they were identified as O. ovis first-stage larvae. The patient was treated with antibiotic ointment, and the inflammation resolved within I week. O. ovis has a worldwide distribution, and although sheep are the preferred host, humans may also serve as an intermediate host in the organism's life cycle. This case represents one of several reports of ophthalmomyiasis in the Middle East caused by O. ovis. U.S. troops stationed in Iraq and surrounding areas are vulnerable to eye infestation by fly larvae, and health care providers need to include this condition in their differential diagnosis of anterior segment inflammatory disorders. C1 Nova SE Univ, Coll Optometry, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33328 USA. Nova SE Univ, Coll Med Sci, US Army 101st Ariborne Div, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33328 USA. RP Schatz, S (reprint author), Nova SE Univ, Coll Optometry, 3200 S Univ Dr b, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33328 USA. EM scottsc@nova.edu NR 48 TC 14 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1040-5488 J9 OPTOMETRY VISION SCI JI Optom. Vis. Sci. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 81 IS 8 BP 586 EP 590 DI 10.1097/01.opx.0000141793.10845.64 PG 5 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 847FR UT WOS:000223378600016 PM 15300116 ER PT J AU Smith, EL Wohlrab, KP Matzkin, EG Providence, BC AF Smith, EL Wohlrab, KP Matzkin, EG Providence, BC TI A comparison of distal canal restrictors in primary cemented femoral hip arthroplasty SO ORTHOPEDICS LA English DT Article ID FOLLOW-UP; INTRAMEDULLARY PLUG; REPLACEMENT; PRESSURIZATION; COMPONENT; REPRODUCIBILITY; OCCLUSION; VOIDS AB A retrospective study evaluated 75 total hip arthroplasties performed over a 4-year period using 4 different cement restrictors. A harvested bone restrictor, polyethylene restrictor (Smith & Nephew, Richards Inc, Memphis, Tenn), Biostop G (Depuy Orthopaedics, Warsaw, Ind), and polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) (Wright Medical Technology, Arlington, Tex) were compared for the percentage of failures, the average length of the cement mantle, and the width of the femoral canal compared to the cement grade. Patient age, sex, and cement type were also evaluated for their influence on cement grade. The PMMA restrictor and bone performed better than the Richards plug and Biostop G restrictor. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthoped Surg, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Univ Hawaii Manoa, John A Burns Sch Med, Dept Orthoped Surg, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Smith, EL (reprint author), Naval Hosp, Dept Orthoped, 100 Brewster Blvd, Camp Lejeune, NC 28547 USA. NR 33 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0147-7447 J9 ORTHOPEDICS JI Orthopedics PD AUG PY 2004 VL 27 IS 8 BP 847 EP 851 PG 5 WC Orthopedics SC Orthopedics GA 847XA UT WOS:000223430100014 PM 15369006 ER PT J AU Munavalli, S Rohrbaugh, RK Wagner, GW Durst, HD Longo, FR AF Munavalli, S Rohrbaugh, RK Wagner, GW Durst, HD Longo, FR TI Trifluoromethylthiolation of norbornene SO PHOSPHORUS SULFUR AND SILICON AND THE RELATED ELEMENTS LA English DT Article DE free-radical-initiated addition reactions; norbornene; trifiuoromethylthiolated-norbornanes ID FREE-RADICAL ADDITION; MASS-SPECTRAL FRAGMENTATION; 2,4-DINITROBENZENESULFENYL CHLORIDE; SULFENYL CHLORIDES; TRIFLUOROMETHYLSULFENYL CHLORIDE; CARBON TETRACHLORIDE; WEAK ELECTROPHILES; STEREOCHEMISTRY; DERIVATIVES; OLEFINS AB Treatment of norbornene with trifluoromethylsulfenyl chloride at, -80degrees C furnishes in. addition. to trifluoromethylthionortricyclane four isomeric (chloro) (trifluoromethylthio)-norbornanes and bis-(2, 6-trifluoromethylthio)norbornane. The probable mechanism of the formation, of the various compounds via, free radical intermediates and, their mass spectral characterization are described in this communication. C1 Geocenters Inc, Gunpowder Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Munavalli, S (reprint author), Geocenters Inc, Gunpowder Branch, POB 68, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM sxmunava@apgea.army.mil NR 74 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1042-6507 J9 PHOSPHORUS SULFUR JI Phosphorus Sulfur Silicon Relat. Elem. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 179 IS 8 BP 1635 EP 1643 DI 10.1080/10426500490466229 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 848OD UT WOS:000223476100019 ER PT J AU Munavalli, S Rohrbaugh, DK Rossman, DI Berg, FJ Durst, HD AF Munavalli, S Rohrbaugh, DK Rossman, DI Berg, FJ Durst, HD TI Reaction of trifluoromethylsulfenyl chloride with 3-chloro- and 3-hydroxypropynes SO PHOSPHORUS SULFUR AND SILICON AND THE RELATED ELEMENTS LA English DT Article DE multiple bonds; novel tree-radical reactions and addition products; trifluoromethylsulfenyl chloride; vinylsulfides ID FREE-RADICAL ADDITION; TRIFLUOROMETHYLTHIOCOPPER; ACETYLENES; REAGENTS; STEREOCHEMISTRY AB Vinylsulfides are often, obtained via the reaction of substituted acetylenes with sulfur-containing reagents. The presence of other functional, groups such as the halide or the hydroxyl moieties entrances the usefulness of the vinylsulfide inter mediates. To this end, propargyl, alcohol and halides have found wide application.. With a view to enhance the biological properties of the end products synthesized from the vinylsulfide intermediates, the trifluoromethylthio function has now been incorporated as a part of the vinylic system. This communication. presents the free-radical addition of trifluoromethyl-sulfenyl chloride to 3-chloro- and 3-hydroxyprolrynes, and the mechanism of the formation of the various products and their spectral characterization. C1 Geocenters Inc, Gunpowder Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Munavalli, S (reprint author), Geocenters Inc, Gunpowder Branch, POB 68, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM sxmunava@apgea.army.mil NR 35 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1042-6507 J9 PHOSPHORUS SULFUR JI Phosphorus Sulfur Silicon Relat. Elem. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 179 IS 8 BP 1645 EP 1655 DI 10.1080/10426500490466238 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 848OD UT WOS:000223476100020 ER PT J AU Munavalli, S Rohrbaugh, DK Durst, HD AF Munavalli, S Rohrbaugh, DK Durst, HD TI Trifluoromethylthiocopper catalyzed oxirane ring opening SO PHOSPHORUS SULFUR AND SILICON AND THE RELATED ELEMENTS LA English DT Article DE alpha-hydroxy sulfides; free-radical-reactions; oxirane ring cleavage; pseudohalide; trifluoromethylthiocopper ID REGIOSELECTIVE CONVERSION; H-DIMETHYLPHOSPHONATE; ORGANOCOPPER REAGENTS; SN2' ADDITIONS; METAL-HALIDES; EPOXIDES; HALOHYDRINS; EFFICIENT; OXIDE; REARRANGEMENTS AB Trifluoromethylthiocopper has been. found to catalyze the opening of the epoxide ring and to furnish not.-so-easily accessible novel trifluoromethyl thiolated alpha-hydroxy compounds. This communication presents the mechanism of the formation of the various compounds and their mass spectral, data. C1 Geocenters Inc, Gunpowder Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Munavalli, S (reprint author), Geocenters Inc, Gunpowder Branch, POB 68, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM sxmunava@apgea.army.mil NR 51 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1042-6507 J9 PHOSPHORUS SULFUR JI Phosphorus Sulfur Silicon Relat. Elem. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 179 IS 8 BP 1657 EP 1671 DI 10.1080/10426500490466247 PG 15 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 848OD UT WOS:000223476100021 ER PT J AU Konorov, SO Sidorov-Biryukov, DA Bugar I Chorvat, D Chorvat, D Serebryannikov, EE Bloemer, MJ Scalora, M Miles, RB Zheltikov, AM AF Konorov, SO Sidorov-Biryukov, DA Bugar, I Chorvat, D Chorvat, D Serebryannikov, EE Bloemer, MJ Scalora, M Miles, RB Zheltikov, AM TI Limiting of microjoule femtosecond pulses in air-guided modes of a hollow photonic-crystal fiber SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID HOLEY OPTICAL-FIBERS; PICOSECOND PULSES; LASER-PULSES; RAMAN-SCATTERING; BANDGAP FIBERS; SINGLE-MODE; CORE; GENERATION; SOLITONS; COMPRESSION AB Self-phase-modulation-induced spectral broadening of laser pulses in air-guided modes of hollow photonic-crystal fibers (PCFs) is shown to allow the creation of fiber-optic limiters for high-intensity ultrashort laser pulses. The performance of PCF limiters is analyzed in terms of elementary theory of self-phase modulation. Experiments performed with 100 fs microjoule pulses of 800 nm Ti:sapphire laser radiation demonstrate the potential of hollow PCFs as limiters for 10 MW ultrashort laser pulses and show the possibility to switch the limiting level of output radiation energy by guiding femtosecond pulses in different PCF modes. C1 Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Dept Phys, Moscow 119899, Russia. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Ctr Int Laser, Moscow 119899, Russia. Ctr Int Laser, Bratislava 81219, Slovakia. USA, Weap Sci Directorate, Aviat & Missile Command, Huntsville, AL 35898 USA. Princeton Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RP Konorov, SO (reprint author), Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Dept Phys, Moscow 119899, Russia. EM zheltikov@top.phys.msu.su RI Serebryannikov, Evgeny/M-2583-2014; Bugar, Ignac/A-6725-2015 OI Bugar, Ignac/0000-0001-5228-9844 NR 43 TC 19 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD AUG PY 2004 VL 70 IS 2 AR 023807 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.70.023807 PG 6 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 851WO UT WOS:000223717400120 ER PT J AU Armstrong, TA Barish, KN Batsouli, S Bennett, SJ Bertaina, M Chikanian, A Coe, SD Cormier, TM Davies, R Dover, CB Fachini, P Fadem, B Finch, LE George, NK Greene, SV Haridas, P Hill, JC Hirsch, AS Hoversten, R Huang, HZ Jaradat, H Kumar, BS Lainis, T Lajoie, JG Lewis, RA Li, Q Libby, B Majka, RD Miller, TE Munhoz, MG Nagle, JL Pless, IA Pope, JK Porile, NT Pruneau, CA Rabin, MSZ Reid, JD Rimai, A Rose, A Rotondo, FS Sandweiss, J Scharenberg, RP Slaughter, AJ Smith, GA Tincknell, XML Toothacker, WS Van Buren, G Wohn, FK Xu, Z AF Armstrong, TA Barish, KN Batsouli, S Bennett, SJ Bertaina, M Chikanian, A Coe, SD Cormier, TM Davies, R Dover, CB Fachini, P Fadem, B Finch, LE George, NK Greene, SV Haridas, P Hill, JC Hirsch, AS Hoversten, R Huang, HZ Jaradat, H Kumar, BS Lainis, T Lajoie, JG Lewis, RA Li, Q Libby, B Majka, RD Miller, TE Munhoz, MG Nagle, JL Pless, IA Pope, JK Porile, NT Pruneau, CA Rabin, MSZ Reid, JD Rimai, A Rose, A Rotondo, FS Sandweiss, J Scharenberg, RP Slaughter, AJ Smith, GA Tincknell, XML Toothacker, WS Van Buren, G Wohn, FK Xu, Z TI Production of H-3(Lambda) and H-4(Lambda) in central 11.5 GeV/c Au plus Pt heavy ion collisions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS; STRANGE QUARK MATTER; AU+AU COLLISIONS; LAMBDA-HYPERNUCLEI; AGS ENERGY; DECAY; HYPERTRITON; EXPANSION; OBJECTS; SEARCH AB We present measurements from BNL AGS Experiment 864 of the H-3(Lambda) yield and of an upper limit on the H-4(Lambda) yield in central 11.5A GeV/c Au+Pt collisions. The measurements span a rapidity range from center of mass, y(c.m.), to y(c.m.)+1 and a transverse momentum range of 0