FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Guy, ED Radzevicius, SJ AF Guy, ED Radzevicius, SJ TI SH-wave intromission concept SO TECHNICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB The existence of an SH-wave incidence angle for which the reflected amplitude is zero (SH-wave intromission angle) is established for the case of plane-wave scattering by a planar interface joining two homogeneous, isotropic, and linearly elastic half-spaces. Such an incidence angle is numerically shown to exist for two combinations of bimaterial interface properties. The SH-wave intromission angle is roughly parallel to the electromagnetic Brewster angle and the acoustic P-wave intromission angle, and the concept should find new applications for non-intrusive characterization of interfaces. (C) 2004 MAIK "Nauka/Interperiodica". C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Environm & Remediat Sect, Huntington, WV 25701 USA. ENSCO Inc, APA Div, Springfield, VA 22151 USA. RP Guy, ED (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, Environm & Remediat Sect, Huntington, WV 25701 USA. EM Erich.D.Guy@usace.army.mil; radzevicius.stan@ensco.com NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1063-7850 J9 TECH PHYS LETT+ JI Tech. Phys. Lett. PY 2004 VL 30 IS 5 BP 370 EP 373 DI 10.1134/1.1760858 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 827NR UT WOS:000221907500008 ER PT S AU Das, NC Simonis, G Bradshaw, J Goldberg, A Gupta, N AF Das, NC Simonis, G Bradshaw, J Goldberg, A Gupta, N BE Murrer, RL TI Design and fabrication of 2xD light emitting device arrays for IR scene projection SO TECHNOLOGIES FOR SYNTHETIC ENVIRONMENTS: HARDWARE IN THE LOOP TESTING IX SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Technologies for Synthetic Environments - Hardware-in-the-Loop Testing IX CY APR 13-14, 2004 CL Orlando, FL SP SPIE DE surface emitting devices; IR scene projection; 2-D LED array AB We at Army Research Laboratory (ARL) have developed 2xD light emitting device (LED) arrays for possible application in infrared (IR) scene projection experiments. These LEDs en-tit light in the 3-4 mum wavelength region with peak at 3.75 mum when operate at room temperature. The epitaxial structure for LED was grown on GaSb substrate by molecular beam epitaxial (MBE) technology. Mesa sizes ranging from 30-100 mum diameters were used in the device fabrication. By comparing with radiation from blackbody source, we found that the brightness temperature of the infrared LED is in the range of 300-600 K. We obtained very good uniformity in device current and voltage (IN) characteristics. This paper discusses the LED array design, fabrication and evaluation results. C1 Army Res Lab, Microphoton Branch, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Das, NC (reprint author), Army Res Lab, Microphoton Branch, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RI Gupta, Neelam/B-8702-2013 NR 8 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-5331-5 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2004 VL 5408 BP 136 EP 143 DI 10.1117/12.564347 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Optics SC Computer Science; Optics GA BAV20 UT WOS:000223715400014 ER PT S AU Kim, HJ Cornell, MC Naumann, CB AF Kim, HJ Cornell, MC Naumann, CB BE Murrer, RL TI AMRDEC's HWIL synthetic environment development efforts for LADAR sensors SO TECHNOLOGIES FOR SYNTHETIC ENVIRONMENTS: HARDWARE IN THE LOOP TESTING IX SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Technologies for Synthetic Environments - Hardware-in-the-Loop Testing IX CY APR 13-14, 2004 CL Orlando, FL SP SPIE DE hardware-in-the-loop; LADAR; seeker; simulation; projection AB Hardware-in-the-loop (HWIL) testing has been an integral part of the modeling and simulation efforts at the U.S. Army Aviation and Missile Research, Engineering, and Development Center (AMRDEC). AMRDEC's history includes the development and implementation of several unique technologies for producing synthetic environments in the visible, infrared, MMW and RF regions. With the emerging sensor/electronics technology, LADAR sensors are becoming more viable option as an integral part of weapon systems, and AMRDEC has been expending efforts to develop the capabilities for testing LADAR sensors in a HWIL environment. There are several areas of challenges in LADAR HWIL testing, since the simulation requirements for the electronics and computation are stressing combinations of the passive image and active sensor HWIL testing. There have been several key areas where advancements have been made to address the challenges in developing a synthetic environment for the LADAR sensor testing. In this paper, we will present the latest results from the LADAR projector development and test efforts at AMRDEC's Advanced Simulation Center (ASC). C1 USA, Army Aviat & Missile RDEC, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Kim, HJ (reprint author), USA, Army Aviat & Missile RDEC, Bldg 5400, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. NR 1 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-5331-5 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2004 VL 5408 BP 203 EP 214 DI 10.1117/12.543145 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Optics SC Computer Science; Optics GA BAV20 UT WOS:000223715400021 ER PT B AU Stopa, PJ Walther, J Morgan, J AF Stopa, PJ Walther, J Morgan, J BE Stopa, PJ Orahovec, Z TI Technical approaches to biological agent detection SO TECHNOLOGY FOR COMBATING WMD TERRORISM SE NATO SCIENCE SERIES, SERIES II: MATHEMATICS, PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Technology for Combating WMD Terrorism CY NOV 19-22, 2002 CL Hunt Valley, MD SP NATO ID FLOW-CYTOMETRY; BACILLUS-ANTHRACIS; BACTERIAL-CELLS; IDENTIFICATION; AEROSOLS C1 USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, AMSRD ECB, ENP MC, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Stopa, PJ (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, AMSRD ECB, ENP MC, 5183 Blackhawk Rd,E3549, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS BN 1-4020-2681-1 J9 NATO SCI SER II MATH PY 2004 VL 174 BP 53 EP 66 PG 14 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Engineering; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA BBH10 UT WOS:000225479500006 ER PT S AU Guazzoni, G Matthews, S AF Guazzoni, G Matthews, S BE Gopinath, A Coutts, TJ Luther, J TI A retrospective of four decades of military interest in Thermophotovoltaics SO THERMOPHOTOVOLTAIC GENERATION OF ELECTRICITY SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Thermophotovoltaic Generation of Electricity CY JUN 14-16, 2004 CL Freiburg, GERMANY SP Naval Sea Syst Command, NASA Glenn Res Ctr, USN Off Naval Res Int Field Off, UK, Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Fraunhofer Inst Solar Energy Syst ISE, Aixtron AG, Akzo Nobel, Wafer Technol Ltd, Epichem Grp AB Following a short discussion on the origin of Thermophotovoltaic (TPV), this presentation offers a retrospective of the progress and results of the recurrent efforts in TPV conducted in the United States by the Military during the last 40 years. The US Army's interest in TPV, for the development of portable power sources, started a few years after the energy conversion approach was conceived. TPV technology was seen to offer a solution for the Army's need for power in the 10 to 1500 Watt range. The technology offered the means to overcome the limitation of size and weight found in existing commercial power sources, with the additional advantage of silent and multifuel operation. Hence, the Army invested research and development (R&D) funding to investigate TPV feasibility for tactical field application. After an initial decade of continuous research studies by the Army, the support for this technology has experienced cycles of significant efforts interrupted by temporary waiting periods to allow this technology to further mature. Over the last four decades, several TPV proof of concept systems were developed. The results of their testing and evaluation have demonstrated the feasibility of the technology for development of power sources with output of several watts to a few hundreds watts. To date, the results have not been found to adequately demonstrate the applicability of TPV to the development of military power generators with output above 500 watts. TPV power sources have not been developed yet for Army field use or troop testing. The development risk is still considered to be moderate-to-high since practical-size systems that go beyond the laboratory test units have not been designed, constructed, tested. The greatest need is for system development, along with concurrent continued component development and improvement. The Defense Advanced Research Project Agency (DARPA) support for TPV R&D effort has been drastically reduced. The Army is still pursuing a 500watt TPV unit demonstrator. No further collaboration among DARPA, Army, NASA is contemplated, which seems indicative of the beginning of a new period of waiting for additional maturing of this technology. The Army's assessment about the viability of TPV for integrated systems indicates that the technology will require a few more years of development. However, at this time, for the completion of component and system development, a strong effort is needed in the private sector. The achievement of the necessary ruggedness for some critical components, acceptable overall efficiency, and system thermal management, is essential for a new, strong restart of TPV effort by the Military. C1 USA, CECOM, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Guazzoni, G (reprint author), USA, CECOM, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. NR 11 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0222-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2004 VL 738 BP 3 EP 12 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA BBM16 UT WOS:000226110600001 ER PT S AU Darwish, AM Bayba, A Hung, HA AF Darwish, AM Bayba, A Hung, HA BE Burleigh, DD Cramer, KE Peacock, GR TI Prediction of submicron junction temperatures in microelectronics using IR techniques SO THERMOSENSE XXVI SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Thermosense XXVI CY APR 13-15, 2004 CL Orlando, FL SP SPIE DE FET; thermal resistance; junction temperature; thermal management; infrared ID THERMAL-RESISTANCE; TRANSISTORS AB Infrared (IR) techniques can accurately measure temperatures with high spatial resolution, on the order of a few n-ficrons resolution. In microelectronics, however, a device's hot spot, the junction temperature, is a small fraction of a micron. Accurate prediction of junction temperature is critical for reliability and thermal management. This paper presents an accurate closed form model for the junction temperature as a function of device geometry. Based on knowledge of the temperature profile it is possible to reverse the averaging inherent in the IR measurement and obtain the junction temperature accurately based on IR microscopy. This paper illustrates this approach for the case of field effect transistors (FETs) and applies it to several actual measurements. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Darwish, AM (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-5328-5 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2004 VL 5405 BP 264 EP 269 DI 10.1117/12.544834 PG 6 WC Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BAL28 UT WOS:000222663600030 ER PT S AU Zalameda, JN Winfree, WP AF Zalameda, JN Winfree, WP BE Burleigh, DD Cramer, KE Peacock, GR TI Improved sampling of thermal transients using focal plane array infrared imagers SO THERMOSENSE XXVI SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Thermosense XXVI CY APR 13-15, 2004 CL Orlando, FL SP SPIE DE thermal nondestructive evaluation; defect contrast; corrosion detection and thermal diffusivity AB Quantitative thermal diffusivity and thickness images can be obtained by minimizing the squared difference between the data and a thermal model. This requires the transient portion of the thermal response to be adequately sampled. For fixed infrared camera frame rates (typically 60 hertz) this may be difficult for very fast thermal transients. The focus of this effort is to investigate a technique where the application of the flash heat is controlled by a variable delay. By cycling the flash heating and implementing a linearly increasing delay, thermal transients faster than the frame rate of the thermal camera can be successfully sampled. Detection of subsurface defects with improved defect contrast and spatial resolution on samples with fabricated defects is presented. C1 USA, NASA, Langley Res Ctr,Vehicle Technol Directorate, Nondestruct Evaluat Sci Branch, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. RP Zalameda, JN (reprint author), USA, NASA, Langley Res Ctr,Vehicle Technol Directorate, Nondestruct Evaluat Sci Branch, MS 231, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-5328-5 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2004 VL 5405 BP 374 EP 381 DI 10.1117/12.547453 PG 8 WC Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BAL28 UT WOS:000222663600043 ER PT J AU Moores, LK Collen, JF Woods, KM Shorr, AF AF Moores, LK Collen, JF Woods, KM Shorr, AF TI Practical utility of clinical prediction rules for suspected acute pulmonary embolism in a large academic institution SO THROMBOSIS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID D-DIMER; PROBABILITY; MODEL; MANAGEMENT; DIAGNOSIS; ULTRASONOGRAPHY; EMERGENCY; STRATEGY AB Introduction: In an attempt to standardize clinician's approach to the determination of pretest probability (PTP) in pulmonary embolism (PE), two simplified scoring models have recently been proposed. We sought to determine the utility of these algorithms in patients with suspected PE in a large, tertiary, academic medical center. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of 295 inpatients and outpatients from our institution who were evaluated for suspected PE. Pretest probability (PTP) was calculated using two previously formulated scoring systems by Wells et at. (Canadian score) and Wicki et at. (Geneva score). Our primary endpoint was the prevalence of PE within each strata of PTR Results: The prevalence of pulmonary embolism in our cohort was 30%. The prevalence of PE in the low, intermediate and high PTP groups using the Canadian score was 15.3% (95% CI 9.5-23.7%), 34.8% (95% CI 27.9-42.4%), and 47.2% (95% CI 32.0-63.0), respectively. When compared with the low PTP group, the odds ratios of the likelihood of PE was 2.95 (95% CI 1.56-5.59) in the intermediate PTP group and 4.95 (95% CI 2.11 -11.64) in the high PTP The Wicki analysis was divided into "Geneva pure" and "Geneva presumed", where the fractional inspired oxygen concentration was known and presumed to have been sampled on room air, respectively. Neither of the Geneva scores showed statistical significance in the prevalence of PE among the PTP groups. Conclusions: The Wells' clinical prediction score is easily applied and meaningfully risk stratifies patients with suspected PE. In our population, the Geneva score was less useful. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Pulm & Crit Care Med Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Moores, LK (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Pulm & Crit Care Med Serv, Bldg 2,WD 77,6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM Lisa.Moores@na.amedd.army.mil NR 10 TC 21 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0049-3848 J9 THROMB RES JI Thromb. Res. PY 2004 VL 113 IS 1 BP 1 EP 6 DI 10.1016/j.thromres.2004.01.011 PG 6 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 815TC UT WOS:000221063600001 PM 15081559 ER PT J AU Humphreys, CW Moores, LK Shorr, AF AF Humphreys, CW Moores, LK Shorr, AF TI Cost-minimization analysis of two algorithms for diagnosing acute pulmonary embolism SO THROMBOSIS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE pulmonary embolism; venous thromboembolism; cost-minimization; diagnosis; algorithm ID DEEP-VEIN THROMBOSIS; D-DIMER; STRATEGIES; MANAGEMENT; EMERGENCY; ASSAY AB introduction: Pulmonary embolism is a common disorder that often requires extensive diagnostic testing. We hypothesized that an algorithmic approach to diagnosis of pulmonary embolism based upon clinical risk stratification and D-dimer testing would be less costly than a standard approach. Materials and methods: We constructed a decision tree based upon two published algorithms for diagnosing acute pulmonary embolism. Branch point probabilities were obtained from the best available published literature. Costs were based upon Medicare charges. From this we obtained a base-case analysis and conducted sensitivity analysis. Results: Our base-case analysis revealed that the cost-per-patient for diagnostic testing were US$216.52 for the algorithm based upon pre-test probability and D-dimer testing and US$538.62 for the standard algorithm. The cost difference per patient evaluated was US$322.10. One- and two-way sensitivity analyses did not reveal any instances in which the clinical risk algorithm was more costly than the standard algorithm. Two-way sensitivity analysis revealed several scenarios in which the standard algorithm would be less costly; however, the conditions required for these scenarios are rarely encountered in clinical practice. Conclusions: Costs of testing using an algorithm based on clinical pre-test probability and D-dimer testing are less than with a standard approach for evaluating suspected acute pulmonary embolism. This new algorithm has previously been shown to be safe and has the potential for large cost savings if widely applied. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Pulm & Crit Care Med Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Humphreys, CW (reprint author), 311 Burnt Mills Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20901 USA. EM christopher.humphreys@na.amedd.army.mil NR 14 TC 3 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0049-3848 J9 THROMB RES JI Thromb. Res. PY 2004 VL 113 IS 5 BP 275 EP 282 DI 10.1016/j.thromres.2004.03.007 PG 8 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 831WW UT WOS:000222228300001 PM 15183038 ER PT J AU Russell, K Sodhi, RS AF Russell, K Sodhi, RS TI On displacement analysis of the RSSR-SC mechanism SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE CANADIAN SOCIETY FOR MECHANICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID KINEMATIC SYNTHESIS; RRSS MECHANISMS AB This paper presents a method for performing RSSR-SC mechanism displacement analysis. The benefit of this method is that it provides a practical alternative for performing RSSR-SC mechanism displacement analysis and is fully applicable with today's mathematics software. This method is an extension of the adjustable RSSR-SC synthesis method developed by the authors [1]. By utilizing the passive degree of freedom of the coupler of the RSSR mechanism and its design Equations [2,3], the design Equations for the remaining C-S link of the RSSR-SC mechanism were developed using spatial transformation matrices under the constant length and orthogonality constraints of the C-S link. The angular rotations about the coupler of the RSSR mechanism satisfying these constraint Equations of the C-S link were calculated numerically. As an example, the displacement of a series of rigid body points on the coupler of a synthesized RSSR-SC mechanism was calculated for a range of driving link angles. C1 USA, Armaments Engn & Technol Ctr, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. New Jersey Inst Technol, Dept Mech Engn, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. RP Russell, K (reprint author), USA, Armaments Engn & Technol Ctr, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU CANADIAN SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI MONTREAL PA MC GILL UNIV, RM 454 THOMAS WORKMAN ENG BLDG 817 SHERBROOKE ST W, MONTREAL, PQ H3A 2K6, CANADA SN 0315-8977 J9 T CAN SOC MECH ENG JI Trans. Can. Soc. Mech. Eng. PY 2004 VL 28 IS 2B BP 375 EP 390 PG 16 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 843HN UT WOS:000223069400008 ER PT J AU Krantz, TL Kahraman, A AF Krantz, TL Kahraman, A TI An experimental investigation of the influence of the lubricant viscosity and additives on gear wear SO TRIBOLOGY TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Article DE gear; wear; lubricant viscosity; additives ID HELICAL GEARS; PREDICTION; VIBRATION; MODEL AB The influence of lubricant viscosity and additives on the average wear rate of spur gear pairs was investigated experimentally. The gear specimens of a comprehensive gear durability test program that made use of seven lubricants covering a range of viscosities were examined to measure gear tooth wear. The measured wear was related to the as-manufactured surface roughness, the elastohydrodynamic film thickness, and the experimentally determined contact fatigue lives of the same specimens. In general, the wear rate was,found to be inversely proportional to the viscosity of the lubricant and to the lambda ratio (also sometimes called the specific film thickness). The data also show an exponential trend between the average wear rates and the surface fatigue lives. Lubricants with similar viscosities but differing additives and compositions had somewhat differing gear surface fatigue lives and wear rates. C1 USA, Res Lab, Cleveland, OH USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Krantz, TL (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Cleveland, OH USA. RI Kahraman, Ahmet/M-8761-2015 OI Kahraman, Ahmet/0000-0002-1360-2719 NR 17 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU SOC TRIBOLOGISTS & LUBRICATION ENGINEERS PI PARK RIDGE PA 840 BUSSE HIGHWAY, PARK RIDGE, IL 60068 USA SN 1040-2004 J9 TRIBOL T JI Tribol. Trans. PD JAN-MAR PY 2004 VL 47 IS 1 BP 138 EP 148 DI 10.1080/05698190490278949 PG 11 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 776NG UT WOS:000189121600018 ER PT B AU Kecskes, LJ Szewczyk, ST Woodman, RH Barber, RE Hartwig, KT AF Kecskes, LJ Szewczyk, ST Woodman, RH Barber, RE Hartwig, KT BE Zhu, YT Langdon, TG Valiev, RZ Semiatin, SL Shin, DH Lowe, TC TI Processing of aluminum nickelides by equal-channel angular extrusion SO ULTRAFINE GRAINED MATERIALS III LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Ultrafine Grained Materials CY MAR 15-17, 2004 CL Charlotte, NC SP TMS, mat Proc & MFG Div, Shaping & Forming Comm, TMS, Mech Behav Mat Comm DE microstructure; combustion synthesis; aluminum; nickel; aluminum nickelides ID POWDERS; COMBUSTION; NI3AL; AL AB . Two series of nickel-coated aluminum (Ni + Al) powders were consolidated by equal-channel angular extrusion (ECAE). Mixtures of 78Al-22Ni at.% (63Al-37Ni wt.%) or 39Al-61Ni at.% (23Al-77Ni wt. %) were placed in square-shaped copper blocks, scaled, heated to a range of temperatures from ambient to 700 C, and, once at a uniform temperature, extruded. It was found that the preheating temperature affected the transformation. of the initial Al-Ni composition into aluminum nickelide intermetallics. Scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction, and microhardness measurements were used to examine the resultant products. The onset and nature of the transformation from the precursors into the products were further studied by differential thermal analysis. These results and the role of ECAE on the transformation are discussed. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Kecskes, LJ (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RI Kecskes, Laszlo/F-6880-2014 OI Kecskes, Laszlo/0000-0002-1342-3729 NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU MINERALS, METALS & MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086-7514 USA BN 0-87339-571-9 PY 2004 BP 327 EP 332 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BY82E UT WOS:000189471300050 ER PT S AU Sadler, BM Kozick, RJ Collier, SL AF Sadler, BM Kozick, RJ Collier, SL BE Carapezza, EM TI Algorithms and performance of small baseline acoustic sensor arrays SO UNATTENDED/UNMANNED GROUND, OCEAN, AND AIR SENSOR TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS VI SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Unattended/Unmanned Ground, Ocean and Air Sensor Technologies and Applications VI CY APR 12-15, 2004 CL Orlando, FL SP SPIE DE unattended ground sensors; acoustics; array processing; angle of arrival estimation ID SOUND-PROPAGATION; ATMOSPHERE AB Aeroacoustic sensing is well motivated due to its passive nature and low bandwidth, and processing with array baselines of one to a few meters is well studied and useful. However, arrays of this size present difficulties in manufacture and deployment. Motivated by the desire to develop smaller, cheaper (perhaps "disposable") sensor packages, we consider performance for arrays with small baselines. The performance of angle estimation operating roughly in the [30, 500] Hz regime is limited by the observed signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and propagation in the turbulent atmosphere. Scattering results in a reduction of spatial coherence, which places fundamental limits on angle estimation accuracy. Physics-based statistical models for the scattering have enabled prediction of network performance, including detection, angle estimation, time-delay estimation, and geolocation. In the present work, we focus on angle estimation. accuracy for the short baseline case. While a large aperture is desirable to improve angle estimation, the propagation produces a rolloff in the spatial coherence that ultimately degrades the performance despite increasing the array aperture. We characterize this tradeoff analytically via Cramer-Rao bounds, as a function of SNR, frequency, range, sensor array geometry, and propagation conditions. The results clearly favor shorter ranges and higher frequencies when employing small array baselines. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Sadler, BM (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-5340-4 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2004 VL 5417 BP 12 EP 23 DI 10.1117/12.541361 PG 12 WC Acoustics; Remote Sensing; Optics; Telecommunications SC Acoustics; Remote Sensing; Optics; Telecommunications GA BAX91 UT WOS:000224145900002 ER PT S AU Pham, T Srour, N AF Pham, T Srour, N BE Carapezza, EM TI TTCP AG-6: Acoustic detection and tracking of UAVs SO UNATTENDED/UNMANNED GROUND, OCEAN, AND AIR SENSOR TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS VI SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Unattended/Unmanned Ground, Ocean and Air Sensor Technologies and Applications VI CY APR 12-15, 2004 CL Orlando, FL SP SPIE DE acoustic; UAV; TTCP; detection and tracking AB Acoustic sensor arrays can be used effectively to enhance situational awareness and perimeter defense against small low-flying threat aircraft. In this paper, we discuss the activities of The Technical Cooperative Program (TTCP) Action Group 6 (AG6) on acoustic detection and tracking of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). We briefly discuss the TTCP-AG6's mission and goals, describe field experiments conducted in the U.S., present results from data analysis and discuss current and future activities. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRD, ARL,SE,SA, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Pham, T (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRD, ARL,SE,SA, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-5340-4 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2004 VL 5417 BP 24 EP 30 DI 10.1117/12.548194 PG 7 WC Acoustics; Remote Sensing; Optics; Telecommunications SC Acoustics; Remote Sensing; Optics; Telecommunications GA BAX91 UT WOS:000224145900003 ER PT S AU Cabalo, J Sickenberger, R Underwood, W Sickenberger, D AF Cabalo, J Sickenberger, R Underwood, W Sickenberger, D BE Carapezza, EM TI Micro-UV detector SO UNATTENDED/UNMANNED GROUND, OCEAN, AND AIR SENSOR TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS VI SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Unattended/Unmanned Ground, Ocean and Air Sensor Technologies and Applications VI CY APR 12-15, 2004 CL Orlando, FL SP SPIE DE biological agent detector; Solid-state Ultraviolet Optical Source (SUVOS); biological detection network; micro UV detector ID NM AB A lightweight, tactical biological agent detection network offers the potential for a detect-to-warn capability against biological aerosol attacks. Ideally, this capability can be achieved by deploying the sensors upwind from the protected assets. The further the distance upwind, the greater the warning time. The technological challenge to this concept is the biological detection technology. Here, cost, size and power are major factors in selecting acceptable technologies. This is in part due to the increased field densities needed to cover the upwind area and the fact that the sensors, when deployed forward, must operate autonomously for long periods of time with little or no long-term logistical support. The Defense Advanced Research Project Agency's (DARPA) Solid-state Ultraviolet Optical Source (SUVOS) program offers an enabling technology to achieving a detector compatible with this mission. As an optical source, these devices emit excitation wavelengths known to be useful in the detection of biological aerosols. The wavelength band is absorbed by the biological aerosol and results in visible fluorescence. Detection of a biological aerosol is based on the observed intensity of this fluorescence signal compared to a background reference. Historically this has been accomplished with emission sources that are outside the boundaries for low cost, low power sensors. The SUVOS technology, on the other hand, provides the same basic wavelengths needed for the detection process in a small, low power package. ECBC has initiated an effort to develop a network array based on micro UV detectors that utilize the SUVOS technology. This paper presents an overview of the micro UV detector and some of the findings to date. This includes the overall design philosophy, fluid flow calculations to maximize presentation of aerosol particles to the , sources, and the fluorescence measurements. C1 USA, ECBC, GeoCtr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Cabalo, J (reprint author), USA, ECBC, GeoCtr, Bldg E3160,Rm 48, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-5340-4 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2004 VL 5417 BP 73 EP 81 DI 10.1117/12.539980 PG 9 WC Acoustics; Remote Sensing; Optics; Telecommunications SC Acoustics; Remote Sensing; Optics; Telecommunications GA BAX91 UT WOS:000224145900008 ER PT S AU Damarla, TR Mirelli, V AF Damarla, TR Mirelli, V BE Carapezza, EM TI Sensor localization using helicopter acoustic and GPS data SO UNATTENDED/UNMANNED GROUND, OCEAN, AND AIR SENSOR TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS VI SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Unattended/Unmanned Ground, Ocean and Air Sensor Technologies and Applications VI CY APR 12-15, 2004 CL Orlando, FL SP SPIE AB In this paper we present an algorithm to determine the location of an acoustic sensor array using the direction of arrival (DOA) estimates of a moving acoustic source whose ground truth is available. Determination of location and orientation of sensor array based on the statistics of errors in the DOA estimation is a nonlinear regression problem. We formulate and derive the necessary equations to solve this problem in terms of the bearing estimates of the acoustic source and its location. The algorithm is tested against helicopter data from three acoustic sensor arrays distributed over a field. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL SE SA, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Damarla, TR (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL SE SA, 2800 Powdermill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-5340-4 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2004 VL 5417 BP 336 EP 340 DI 10.1117/12.544280 PG 5 WC Acoustics; Remote Sensing; Optics; Telecommunications SC Acoustics; Remote Sensing; Optics; Telecommunications GA BAX91 UT WOS:000224145900036 ER PT S AU Peck, L Lacombe, J AF Peck, L Lacombe, J BE Carapezza, EM TI Sensor-based base camp security SO UNATTENDED/UNMANNED GROUND, OCEAN, AND AIR SENSOR TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS VI SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Unattended/Unmanned Ground, Ocean and Air Sensor Technologies and Applications VI CY APR 12-15, 2004 CL Orlando, FL SP SPIE DE base camp; security; unattended ground sensors; seismic noise; weather; terrain AB The U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center is developing survivability planning and protective measures for base camps. One component of Base Camp Protection/Survivability is sensor-based security. Security designs must cover many configurations, ranging from forward operating bases to the equivalent of fixed facility installations, and be adaptable to changes in mission or base camp layout. Initial emphasis is on identifying sensor systems, such as unattended ground sensors, which can operate reliably at an early stage of base camp development when an intrusion detection capability must be established quickly under austere conditions. Another consideration is portability, so that sensor-secured perimeters can be readily relocated as a base camp evolves in size or configuration. In all cases, security designs will include guidance on the selection, placement, and operation of sensor systems to avoid vulnerabilities that would result when terrain, weather, system performance constraints, and detection zone features and maintenance are overlooked or ignored during the planning and implementation of sensor-based physical security. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Peck, L (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-5340-4 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2004 VL 5417 BP 364 EP 369 DI 10.1117/12.566396 PG 6 WC Acoustics; Remote Sensing; Optics; Telecommunications SC Acoustics; Remote Sensing; Optics; Telecommunications GA BAX91 UT WOS:000224145900039 ER PT S AU Haas, G Oberle, W AF Haas, G Oberle, W BE Gerhart, GR Shoemaker, CM Gage, DW TI Toward fusion of camera-based egomotion and inertial navigation for a UGV (unmanned ground vehicle) traversing natural terrain SO UNMANNED GROUND VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY VI SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Unmanned Ground Vehicle Technology VI CY APR 13-15, 2004 CL Orlando, FL SP SPIE DE egomotion; navigation; autonomous mobility AB A UGV (unmanned ground vehicle) can better accomplish autonomous mobility through fusion of multiple sensors that provide information concerning the vehicle's location and orientation within the world. Fusion requires an understanding of the constituent elements. This paper describes the application of an egomotion estimator to a sequence of data from a forward-facing video camera on a surrogate UGV, compares the resulting egomotion estimates to those from a co-located inertial navigation system, and defines measures of consistency of the paired observations. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Haas, G (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-5345-5 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2004 VL 5422 BP 44 EP 54 DI 10.1117/12.542181 PG 11 WC Automation & Control Systems; Robotics; Transportation Science & Technology SC Automation & Control Systems; Robotics; Transportation GA BAX98 UT WOS:000224151200005 ER PT S AU Young, SH Martin, P AF Young, SH Martin, P BE Gerhart, GR Shoemaker, CM Gage, DW TI RSTA sensor integration onto PackBot for urban operations SO UNMANNED GROUND VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY VI SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Unmanned Ground Vehicle Technology VI CY APR 13-15, 2004 CL Orlando, FL SP SPIE DE robot; acoustic; urban; soldier; FFW; FCS AB As the Army transforms to the Objective Force, particular attention must be paid to operations in Complex and Urban Terrain. Because our adversaries realize that we don't have battlefield dominance in the urban environment, and because population growth and migration to urban environments is still on the increase, our adversaries will continue to draw us into operations in the urban environment. The Army Research Laboratory (ARL) is developing technology to equip our soldiers for the urban operations of the future. Sophisticated small robotic platforms with diverse sensor suites will be an integral part of the Future Force, and must be able to collaborate not only amongst themselves but also with their manned partners. The Army Research Laboratory has developed a Reconnaissance, Surveillance, and Target Acquisition (RSTA) sensor payload for integration onto an iRobot Packbot. The RSTA sensor payload is equipped with an acoustic array that will detect and localize on an impulsive noise event, such as a sniper's weapon firing. Additionally, the robot sensor head is equipped with visible and thermal camera for operations both day and night. The RSTA sensor head equipped Packbot can then be deployed by dismounted soldiers to enhance their situational awareness in the urban environment. The information from one Packbot can then be fused with other sensors as part of a sensor network. Sensor equipped Packbots provides an awesome capability to the future dismounted infantry soldier during warfighting and peacekeeping operations in complex and urban terrain by enhancing their situational awareness and improving their survivability. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, CI CB, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Young, SH (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, CI CB, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-5345-5 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2004 VL 5422 BP 238 EP 248 DI 10.1117/12.543034 PG 11 WC Automation & Control Systems; Robotics; Transportation Science & Technology SC Automation & Control Systems; Robotics; Transportation GA BAX98 UT WOS:000224151200024 ER PT S AU Martin, PJ Young, SH AF Martin, PJ Young, SH BE Gerhart, GR Shoemaker, CM Gage, DW TI Collaborative robot sniper detection demonstration in an urban environment SO UNMANNED GROUND VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY VI SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Unmanned Ground Vehicle Technology VI CY APR 13-15, 2004 CL Orlando, FL SP SPIE DE sniper detection; data fusion; robots; urban environment AB In August of 2003 at Fort Benning, Georgia, a team from the Army Research Lab (ARL) developed and tested a "system-of-systems" that connects Soldiers, robots, and unattended ground sensors (UGS) into a network, in order to increase situational awareness. This paper will detail the demonstration of the data fusion across the network, in particular, acoustic and robotic sensors as well as the digital mapping capabilities. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL CI CB, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Martin, PJ (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL CI CB, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-5345-5 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2004 VL 5422 BP 271 EP 278 DI 10.1117/12.543239 PG 8 WC Automation & Control Systems; Robotics; Transportation Science & Technology SC Automation & Control Systems; Robotics; Transportation GA BAX98 UT WOS:000224151200027 ER PT S AU Bodt, BA Camden, RS AF Bodt, BA Camden, RS BE Gerhart, GR Shoemaker, CM Gage, DW TI Technology readiness level 6 and autonomous mobility SO UNMANNED GROUND VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY VI SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Unmanned Ground Vehicle Technology VI CY APR 13-15, 2004 CL Orlando, FL SP SPIE DE technology readiness level; Armed Robotic Vehicle; autonomous navigation system; relevant environments; experimental design; statistical analysis AB During FY03, the U.S. Army Research Laboratory undertook a series of experiments designed to assess the maturity of autonomous mobility technology for the Future Combat Systems Armed Robotic Vehicle concept. The experiments assessed the technology against a level 6 standard in the technology readiness level (TRL) maturation schedule identified by a 1999 Government Accounting Office report. During the course of experimentation, 646 missions were conducted over a total distance of similar to 560 km and time of similar to 100 hr. Autonomous operation represented 96% and 88% of total distance and time, respectively. To satisfy the TRL 6 "relevant environment" standard, several experimental factors were varied over the three-site test as part of a formal, statistical, experimental design. This paper reports the specific findings pertaining to relevant-environment questions that were posed for the study and lends additional support to the Lead System Integrator decision that TRL 6 has been attained for the autonomous navigation system. C1 USA, Res Lab, ATTN, AMSRD ARL CI CT, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Bodt, BA (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, ATTN, AMSRD ARL CI CT, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-5345-5 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2004 VL 5422 BP 302 EP 313 DI 10.1117/12.547450 PG 12 WC Automation & Control Systems; Robotics; Transportation Science & Technology SC Automation & Control Systems; Robotics; Transportation GA BAX98 UT WOS:000224151200031 ER PT S AU Smuda, B Freiburger, L Gerhart, G Mallon, L AF Smuda, B Freiburger, L Gerhart, G Mallon, L BE Gerhart, GR Shoemaker, CM Gage, DW TI Robotics for port security SO UNMANNED GROUND VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY VI SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Unmanned Ground Vehicle Technology VI CY APR 13-15, 2004 CL Orlando, FL SP SPIE DE robotics; port security; vehicle inspection; counter terrorism AB The capacity through the use of robots with on board visual, NBC and HAZMAT sensors to rapidly and continuously screen convoys and staged exposed assets would be a force multiplier and measurably improve base and force protection at both inbound and outbound DOD and commercial facilities. This paper chronicles our experiment with the ODIS robot at the Ports of Los Angeles (POLA) and Long Beach (POLB) in July of 2003. POLA & POLB are responsible for moving over 30% of the United States trade goods. Queues of 54' container trucks routinely exceed 100 trucks, extending for over a mile from the port entrances. Spotted equipment and convoys at staging areas are a high visibility and value assets to a terrorist incident. The POLA/POLB scenario is also representative of TRANSCOM operations at the port of Basra during current operation in Iraq. The California Highway Patrol is responsible for physically inspecting these vehicles for roadworthiness and contraband, a dangerous and dirty job. We will also discuss the use of ODIS robots for this task. C1 USA, TARDEC Robot Mobil Lab, Warren, MI 48397 USA. RP Smuda, B (reprint author), USA, TARDEC Robot Mobil Lab, 6501 E 11 Mile Rd, Warren, MI 48397 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-5345-5 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2004 VL 5422 BP 378 EP 385 DI 10.1117/12.553012 PG 8 WC Automation & Control Systems; Robotics; Transportation Science & Technology SC Automation & Control Systems; Robotics; Transportation GA BAX98 UT WOS:000224151200038 ER PT S AU Wade, RL Reames, JM AF Wade, RL Reames, JM BE Gerhart, GR Shoemaker, CM Gage, DW TI Collaborative engagement SO UNMANNED GROUND VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY VI SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Unmanned Ground Vehicle Technology VI CY APR 13-15, 2004 CL Orlando, FL SP SPIE DE Unmanned Ground Vehicle (UGV); Unmanned Air Vehicle (UAV); collaborative operations; Joint Architecure for Unmanned Systems (JAUS); Multiple Unified Simulations Environment (MUSE) AB A need exists for United States military forces to perform collaborative engagement operations between unmanned systems. This capability has the potential to contribute significant tactical synergy to the Joint Force operating in the battlespace of the future. Collaborative engagements potentially offer force conservation, perform timely acquisition and dissemination of essential combat information, and can eliminate high value and time critical targets. Collaborative engagements can also add considerably to force survivability by reducing soldier and equipment exposure during critical operations. This paper will address a multiphase U.S. Army Aviation and Missile Research, Development, and Engineering Center (AMRDEC) Joint Technology Center (JTC) Systems Integration Laboratory (SIL) program to assess information requirements, Joint Architecure for Unmanned Systems (JAUS), on-going Science and Technology initiatives, and conduct simulation based experiments to identify and resolve technical risks required to conduct collaborative engagements using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) and unmanned ground vehicles (UGV). The schedule outlines an initial effort to expand, update and exercise JAUS, provide early feedback to support user development of Concept of Operations (CONOPs) and Tactics, Techniques and Procedures (TTPs), and develop a Multiple Unified Simulation Environment (MUSE) system with JAUS interfaces necessary to support an unmanned system of systems collaboartive engagement. C1 USA, Aviat & Missile Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Wade, RL (reprint author), USA, Aviat & Missile Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-5345-5 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2004 VL 5422 BP 398 EP 404 DI 10.1117/12.553048 PG 7 WC Automation & Control Systems; Robotics; Transportation Science & Technology SC Automation & Control Systems; Robotics; Transportation GA BAX98 UT WOS:000224151200040 ER PT S AU Karlsen, RE Witus, G Overholt, J AF Karlsen, RE Witus, G Overholt, J BE Gerhart, GR Shoemaker, CM Gage, DW TI On-the-fly assessment of terrain effects on UGV handling SO UNMANNED GROUND VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY VI SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Unmanned Ground Vehicle Technology VI CY APR 13-15, 2004 CL Orlando, FL SP SPIE DE vehicle-terrain interaction; off-road handling; ground resistance; friction; slip; disturbance AB Military and security operations often require that participants move as quickly as possible, while avoiding harm. Humans judge how fast they can drive, how sharply they can turn and how hard they can brake, based on a subjective assessment of vehicle handling, which results from responsiveness to driving commands, ride quality, and prior experience in similar conditions. Vehicle handling is a product of the vehicle dynamics and the vehicle-terrain interaction. Near real-time methods are needed for unmanned ground vehicles to assess their handling limits on the current terrain in order to plan and execute extreme maneuvers. This paper describes preliminary research to develop on-the-fly procedures to capture vehicle-terrain interaction data and simple models of vehicle response to driving commands, given the vehicle-terrain interaction data. C1 USA, TARDEC, Warren, MI 48397 USA. RP Karlsen, RE (reprint author), USA, TARDEC, 6501 E 11 Mile Rd, Warren, MI 48397 USA. NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-5345-5 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2004 VL 5422 BP 484 EP 492 DI 10.1117/12.544345 PG 9 WC Automation & Control Systems; Robotics; Transportation Science & Technology SC Automation & Control Systems; Robotics; Transportation GA BAX98 UT WOS:000224151200048 ER PT B AU Hurley, MM Balboa, A Wright, JB Lushington, GH Guo, JX AF Hurley, MM Balboa, A Wright, JB Lushington, GH Guo, JX GP ieee computer society TI Defense against chemical warfare agents and toxic industrial chemicals (TICS) SO USERS GROUP CONFERENCE, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Users Group Conference CY JUN 07-11, 2004 CL Williamsburg, VA SP User Advocacy Grp, HPCMPO Outreach Team ID ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE INHIBITORS; REVERSAL C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Hurley, MM (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 0-7695-2259-9 PY 2004 BP 20 EP 26 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Mechanics SC Computer Science; Engineering; Mechanics GA BBP31 UT WOS:000226863200004 ER PT B AU Coburn, W Le, C Spurgeon, W AF Coburn, W Le, C Spurgeon, W GP ieee computer society TI Potential discrepancies in radar signature predictions for ground vehicles SO USERS GROUP CONFERENCE, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Users Group Conference CY JUN 07-11, 2004 CL Williamsburg, VA SP User Advocacy Grp, HPCMPO Outreach Team AB An investigation of modeling issues at K-a-Band and above was conducted using Xpatch, a high-frequency radar signature prediction code based on the shooting and bouncing ray technique. The lessons learned apply to a large class of ground targets of interest for millimeter wave radar applications. We summarize the unclassified modeling results and computational requirements at K-a-band frequencies. The ground vehicle simulations indicate that accurate target representations are required to a resolution on the order of the wavelength. In many cases the available data corresponds to near-field measurements. In this case we use the Xpatch near-field simulations to better reproduce the measured radar signatures. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Coburn, W (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 0-7695-2259-9 PY 2004 BP 45 EP 51 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Mechanics SC Computer Science; Engineering; Mechanics GA BBP31 UT WOS:000226863200008 ER PT B AU Ketcham, SA Moran, ML Lacombe, J AF Ketcham, SA Moran, ML Lacombe, J GP ieee computer society TI Seismic waves from light trucks moving over terrain SO USERS GROUP CONFERENCE, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Users Group Conference CY JUN 07-11, 2004 CL Williamsburg, VA SP User Advocacy Grp, HPCMPO Outreach Team AB Seismic sensing is one sensor mode employed in US unattended ground sensor systems (UGS). Seismic sensors possess the advantage of beyond-line-of-sight sensing. They can detect ground vibrations generated by moving vehicles or personnel, and they can be used to cue other sensors or possibly to classify or even identify targets. As a complement to field trials, our work has produced a simulation capability to support seismic UGS developments. We model ground vibrations from moving vehicles and generate synthetic seismic wavefield data over terrain of interest to US forces. Using supercomputers to simulate seismic wave propagation in large finite-difference time-domain simulations, our objective is to generate high fidelity data sets that provide new opportunities for understanding and exploiting signal features that may be unrecognizable in limited field trials. The method utilizes a vehicle-dynamics model to calculate the vehicle response to vehicle acceleration and movement over bumpy roads or terrain. It calculates forces transmitted to the ground; distributes these forces to grid points of a finite difference model; and simulates seismic waves propagating away from the vehicle. The current work focuses on light trucks moving toward and through a mountain pass and signature features associated with suspension and wheelbase characteristics. The results from two analyses show seismic waves propagating away from one and two trucks, respectively. We conclude that the wavefield data is realistic and suitable for virtual trials of seismic UGS. C1 USACE Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH USA. RP Ketcham, SA (reprint author), USACE Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH USA. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 0-7695-2259-9 PY 2004 BP 65 EP 70 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Mechanics SC Computer Science; Engineering; Mechanics GA BBP31 UT WOS:000226863200011 ER PT B AU Sahu, J AF Sahu, J GP ieee computer society TI Time-accurate aerodynamic modeling of synthetic jets for projectile control SO USERS GROUP CONFERENCE, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Users Group Conference CY JUN 07-11, 2004 CL Williamsburg, VA SP User Advocacy Grp, HPCMPO Outreach Team AB This paper describes a computational study undertaken to determine the aerodynamic effect of tiny unsteady synthetic jets as a means to provide the control authority needed to maneuver a spinning projectile at low subsonic speeds. Advanced Navier-Stokes computational techniques have been developed and used to obtain numerical solutions for the unsteady jet-interaction flow field at subsonic speeds and small angles of attack. Unsteady numerical results show the effect of the jet on the flow field and on the aerodynamic coefficients. The unsteady jet is shown to substantially alter the flow field both near the jet and the base region of the projectile that in turn affects the forces and moments even at zero degree angle of attack. The results have shown the potential of computational fluid dynamics to provide insight into the jet interaction flow fields and provided guidance as to the locations and sizes of the jets to generate the maximum control authority to maneuver a projectile to hit its target with precision. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Sahu, J (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 0-7695-2259-9 PY 2004 BP 144 EP 150 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Mechanics SC Computer Science; Engineering; Mechanics GA BBP31 UT WOS:000226863200021 ER PT B AU Potsdam, MA Silva, MJ AF Potsdam, MA Silva, MJ GP ieee computer society TI Tilt rotor aeromechanics phenomena in low speed flight SO USERS GROUP CONFERENCE, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Users Group Conference CY JUN 07-11, 2004 CL Williamsburg, VA SP User Advocacy Grp, HPCMPO Outreach Team AB This work investigates important aeromechanics phenomena affecting the V-22 tilt rotor in low speed sideward flight or while hovering in quartering or crosswind conditions. These phenomena, such as pitch-up with sideslip and increased power required in sideward flight, were identified during V-22 critical azimuth flight testing and impacted handling qualities in this flight regime. High fidelity, dynamic, unsteady, Navier-Stokes computational fluid dynamics (CFD) calculations are presented and compared with flight test data CFD predicts the flight test trends as a function of wind direction, in good agreement with data. Detailed investigation clearly shows the interaction of the rotor wake with the airframe as the major cause of the aeromechanics phenomena seen on the V-22. Identification of the underlying flow field physics allows investigation of options for alleviation anti prediction of future tilt rotor configurations. C1 NASA, Rotorcraft Div, USA, AMRDEC,Aeroflightdynam Directorate, Moffett Field, CA USA. RP Potsdam, MA (reprint author), NASA, Rotorcraft Div, USA, AMRDEC,Aeroflightdynam Directorate, Moffett Field, CA USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 0-7695-2259-9 PY 2004 BP 151 EP 157 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Mechanics SC Computer Science; Engineering; Mechanics GA BBP31 UT WOS:000226863200022 ER PT B AU Hathaway, MD Herrick, G Chen, JP Webster, R AF Hathaway, MD Herrick, G Chen, JP Webster, R GP ieee computer society TI Time accurate unsteady simulation of the stall inception process in the compression system of a US army helicopter gas turbine engine SO USERS GROUP CONFERENCE, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Users Group Conference CY JUN 07-11, 2004 CL Williamsburg, VA SP User Advocacy Grp, HPCMPO Outreach Team AB The operational envelope of gas turbine engines such as those employed in the Army Blackhawk helicopter is constrained by the stability limit of the compression system. Technologies developed to improve the stable operating range of gas turbine compressors lack a fundamental understanding beneficial to design guidance. Improved understanding of the stall inception process and how stall control technologies mitigate such will provide compressors with increased tolerance to stall, thereby expanding the operational envelope of military gas turbine engines. Compressors which consist of multiple stages of stationary and rotating blade rows can include shocks, vortices, separations, secondary flows, shock/boundary layer interactions, and turbulent wakes, all of which grow in severity as a compressor approaches stall. As a compressor nears stall the flow field is no longer periodic from passage to passage so all blade passages must be computed. For a typical multistage compressor this becomes a formidable computational challenge requiring access to massively parallel machines in order to meet the computational and memory demands of the problem. We are using a time-accurate CFD code to simulate the unsteady stall inception process, both with and without stall control technology, in the compression system of the T700 engine which is employed in the Army Blackhawk Helicopter. This work will provide the first-ever 3-dimensional viscous time-accurate simulation of the stall inception process in a multistage compressor, providing insight into the causal link between compressor blade design parameters and the stable operating limit, which will be used to guide new design practices leading to compressor designs with increased tolerance to stall. This paper presents progress to date on this DoD Challenge Project. C1 USA, Res Lab, Vehicle Technol Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Hathaway, MD (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Vehicle Technol Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 0-7695-2259-9 PY 2004 BP 166 EP 177 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Mechanics SC Computer Science; Engineering; Mechanics GA BBP31 UT WOS:000226863200024 ER PT B AU Nusca, MJ McQuaid, MJ AF Nusca, MJ McQuaid, MJ GP ieee computer society TI Combustion chamber fluid dynamics and hypergolic gel propellant chemistry simulations for selectable thrust rocket engines SO USERS GROUP CONFERENCE, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Users Group Conference CY JUN 07-11, 2004 CL Williamsburg, VA SP User Advocacy Grp, HPCMPO Outreach Team ID NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; COMPUTER-SIMULATION; BASIS-SETS; EQUILIBRIUM; WATER; FLOW AB The Army is developing gelled bipropellants and tactical missile propulsion systems that utilize these propellants for future combat systems. The use of hypergolic gel propellants introduces new capabilities for selectable thrust missiles while at the same time introducing new challenges in combustion control, one of which is the mixing of oxidizer and fuel to obtain maximum performance without increasing the size of the engine. One of the Army's leading propulsion candidate's, the impinging stream vortex engine (ISVE), has generated excellent performance test data Since the ISVE is a new concept, analytical models are just beginning to emerge. However, in order to fully exploit the performance advantages of the ISVE it is desirable to understand the underlying flow physics of the engine. This paper describes a high performance computing methodology that is producing simulations of the ISVE using computational fluid dynamics to model the chemically reacting flow within the engine and computational chemistry to characterize the hypergolic bipropellants. C1 USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Nusca, MJ (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 0-7695-2259-9 PY 2004 BP 180 EP 189 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Mechanics SC Computer Science; Engineering; Mechanics GA BBP31 UT WOS:000226863200025 ER PT B AU Baylot, JT Armstrong, BJ Rickman, DD Bevins, TL AF Baylot, JT Armstrong, BJ Rickman, DD Bevins, TL GP ieee computer society TI Three-building and typical city multiple-building simulations SO USERS GROUP CONFERENCE, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Users Group Conference CY JUN 07-11, 2004 CL Williamsburg, VA SP User Advocacy Grp, HPCMPO Outreach Team AB This paper summarizes research conducted in FY 2004 under High Performance Computing Modernization Program (HPCMP) DoD Challenge Project C-83 "Evaluation and Retrofit for Blast Protection in Urban Terrain." The ERDC is continuing the development of improved models for predicting the blast environment for high-explosive detonations in urban terrain. This is an integrated experimental analytical program, where high performance computing (HPC) simulations are used to assist in designing experiments. The experiments are used to validate the numerical simulations, and the validated numerical simulations are used to help in understanding the phenomenology associated with blast in urban terrain. The experimental and numerical research are used to develop engineering models that can be used to quickly predict effects of adjacent structures on the blast load on a structure of interest. The primary focus of the FY 04 research was the simulation of a blast environment for a collection of three buildings and the extension of the simulations to include a typical multi-building environment. This report summarizes the comparison of a three-building simulation with a companion experiment. Numerical simulations are then used to study the effects of five buildings and a typical city configuration of multiple buildings. C1 Erdc, USACE, Vicksburg, MS USA. RP Baylot, JT (reprint author), Erdc, USACE, Vicksburg, MS USA. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 0-7695-2259-9 PY 2004 BP 211 EP 217 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Mechanics SC Computer Science; Engineering; Mechanics GA BBP31 UT WOS:000226863200029 ER PT B AU Clarke, JA Namburu, RR AF Clarke, JA Namburu, RR GP ieee computer society TI A generalized method for one-way coupling of CTH and Lagrangian finite element codes with complex structures using the interdisciplinary computing environment SO USERS GROUP CONFERENCE, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Users Group Conference CY JUN 07-11, 2004 CL Williamsburg, VA SP User Advocacy Grp, HPCMPO Outreach Team AB In the past, CTH (a finite volume, shock physics code) has been coupled with different Lagrangian finite element codes like Pronto3D and LS-Dyna, to solve blast-structure interaction problems. In many situations, a two-way coupling of these codes is unnecessary. Specifically, when the deformation of the structure has little impact on the developing blast, a one-way coupling is sufficient. Unfortunately, when the structure is complex, and particularly when the model contains shell elements, accurately generating the load curves for the finite element input can be difficult. A generalized method for generating the necessary load curves for the finite element input from CTH has been developed at ARL by using the Interdisciplinary Computing Environment (ICE). While others have successfully coupled CTH with finite element codes in the past, this method accurately represents the finite elements model's geometry on the Eulerian mesh and can be applied to any code with a pressure vs. time element loading capacity. An accurate representation of the finite element model is inserted into the CTH mesh even if the model contains shell elements. Using this method, an example problem of a land mine interacting with a complex vehicle structure is presented. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Clarke, JA (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 0-7695-2259-9 PY 2004 BP 218 EP 221 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Mechanics SC Computer Science; Engineering; Mechanics GA BBP31 UT WOS:000226863200030 ER PT B AU Valisetty, R Cheung, P Namburu, R AF Valisetty, R Cheung, P Namburu, R GP ieee computer society TI Scalable coupling of multi-scale AEH and PARADYN impact analyses SO USERS GROUP CONFERENCE, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Users Group Conference CY JUN 07-11, 2004 CL Williamsburg, VA SP User Advocacy Grp, HPCMPO Outreach Team AB This work describes scalable coupling of two stand alone computer codes for multi-scale impact analysis of composites. An asymptotic expansion homogenization (AEH) based micro-structural code available for modeling micro-structural aspects of modern armor materials is coupled with PARADYN, a parallel explicit Lagrangian finite element code. The first code enables modeling of material micro-structures in simple loading situations in stand alone form. The coupling of this code to PARADYN, which is a parallel version of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL)'s serial DYNA3D, enables a micro-macro type multi-scale analysis of large elastic-plastic deformation response of structures under generalized three dimensional impact conditions. Three sets of results are presented to demonstrate: 1) the verification of the AEH-PARADYN model coupling to PARADYN, 2) validation of the AEH, and 3) the scalability of the coupled model. C1 USA, Res Lab, Computat & Informat Sci Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Valisetty, R (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Computat & Informat Sci Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 0-7695-2259-9 PY 2004 BP 222 EP 226 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Mechanics SC Computer Science; Engineering; Mechanics GA BBP31 UT WOS:000226863200031 ER PT B AU Tracy, FT Oppe, TC Demirbilek, Z AF Tracy, FT Oppe, TC Demirbilek, Z GP ieee computer society TI A direct out-of-core solver for CGWAVE on the cray X1 SO USERS GROUP CONFERENCE, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Users Group Conference CY JUN 07-11, 2004 CL Williamsburg, VA SP User Advocacy Grp, HPCMPO Outreach Team AB CGWAVE is a general-purpose, state-of-the-art wave-prediction model. It is applicable to the estimation of wave fields in harbors, open coastal regions, coastal inlets, around islands, and around fixed or floating structures. CGWAVE generates a system of simultaneous linear complex equations that are difficult to solve. Some iterative solvers do not converge at all, while others struggle to converge. A direct, banded, out-of-core solver that utilized reordering of the nodes to reduce the size of the bandwidth was written. The solver was then optimized for the US Army Engineer Research and Development Center Major Shared Resource Center (ERDC MSRC) Cray X1. This paper will describe the details of how this work was performed and give performance results on the ERDC MSRC Cray XI. C1 Erdc, USACE, Vicksburg, MS USA. RP Tracy, FT (reprint author), Erdc, USACE, Vicksburg, MS USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 0-7695-2259-9 PY 2004 BP 228 EP 232 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Mechanics SC Computer Science; Engineering; Mechanics GA BBP31 UT WOS:000226863200032 ER PT B AU Petit, G Thompson, SR AF Petit, G Thompson, SR GP ieee computer society TI Performance analysis of the ARL Linux Networx Cluster SO USERS GROUP CONFERENCE, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Users Group Conference CY JUN 07-11, 2004 CL Williamsburg, VA SP User Advocacy Grp, HPCMPO Outreach Team AB Within the past year, a 256-processor I686 Linux Cluster was installed at the Army Research Laboratory (ARL) Major Shared Resource Center (MSRC) to augment the center's current unclassified scientific application processing capabilities. The Purpose of this paper is to provide a comparative analysis of wall-clock-time performance of this system and the other unclassified HPC platforms currently installed at the ARL MSRC. A suite of vendor applications currently receiving significant utilization on the ARL platforms will be used to perform this analysis. The other existing unclassified HPC platforms at ARL include: an SGI 3800 with 512 processors, an IBM SP3 with 1024 processors, and an IBM SP4 with 128 processors. The following application codes will be used: CTH, CFD++, OVERFLOW, GAMESS, COBALT, LS_DYNA and FLUENT. Each code will be run using 16, 32, 48, 64, 80, 96, 112, and 128 processors. Using these timing metrics we will analyze the appropriateness of the 1686 architecture for use as a large-scale distributed computing platform for each of these scientific application codes. C1 USA, Res Lab, Raytheon Co, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Petit, G (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Raytheon Co, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 0-7695-2259-9 PY 2004 BP 270 EP 274 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Mechanics SC Computer Science; Engineering; Mechanics GA BBP31 UT WOS:000226863200039 ER PT B AU Schauer, RN Thompson, SR AF Schauer, RN Thompson, SR GP ieee computer society TI Improving customer service at the ARL MSRC SO USERS GROUP CONFERENCE, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Users Group Conference CY JUN 07-11, 2004 CL Williamsburg, VA SP User Advocacy Grp, HPCMPO Outreach Team AB The ARL MSRC has conducted a major overhaul of its customer service process in order to better support our customer community. Users were asked what changes they would like to see and an outside consultant was brought in to take a fresh look at our customer service approach. A new methodology for providing customer service was designed to overcome known deficiencies in the previous system as well as incorporate the inputs from our users and the consultant. We purchased new hardware (a Sun Fire V100) and software (Remedy 5.1 Help Desk) to implement our new customer service methodology. Our consultant advised us on how to configure and use Remedy to our best advantage. We configured Remedy with many features to allow the staff to take direct ownership of a user problem report, track recurring questions, and follow the tickets through until an acceptable solution has been found. One major change is that now the majority of the staff is using Remedy instead of just the front-line Help Desk. The consultant motivated the staff on the importance of providing quality customer service. This new approach to customer service became operational in May 2003. Since then we have collected various statistics on the types of problem users are encountering so we can improve our center. We use this information, along with customer and staff feedback, to continue improving the system to meet our customer's requirements. C1 USA, Res Lab, Raytheon Co, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Schauer, RN (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Raytheon Co, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 0-7695-2259-9 PY 2004 BP 285 EP 288 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Mechanics SC Computer Science; Engineering; Mechanics GA BBP31 UT WOS:000226863200042 ER PT B AU Duett, P Monceaux, W Rappold, K AF Duett, P Monceaux, W Rappold, K GP ieee computer society TI EZHPC: Easy access to high performance computing SO USERS GROUP CONFERENCE, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Users Group Conference CY JUN 07-11, 2004 CL Williamsburg, VA SP User Advocacy Grp, HPCMPO Outreach Team AB EZHPC is a Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP)based Web service that represents an Application Programming Interface (API) for securely accessing and manipulating high performance computing (HPC) resources. This service was created to make it "easy" for users who are unfamiliar with the HPC environment but would benefit from the utilization of these resources. It not only promotes HPC resources but also allows for the development of future applications through the reuse of this architecture. The API is exposed to developers as a SOAP-based Web service. Numerous API method calls are available, some of which include, but are not limited to, the ability to authenticate users against the HPC Kerberos system, move files to and from the HPC systems, submit and monitor batch jobs, access the Data Management System (DMS), etc. The Web service paradigm was chosen so that any type of user front end could be constructed to interact with the HPC resources. This includes stand alone user applications, Personal Digital Assistant (PDA)-based applications, Web applications, or inclusion in existing applications (ArcInfo, Watershed Modeling System (WMS), Groundwater Modeling System (GMS), Surface-Water Modeling System (SMS), etc.. A fully functional client application has been developed to demonstrate the usage of the API. The authors will present a detailed inspection of the EZHPC architecture. The structure, usage, and security implications are described for each component of the system. In addition, the HPC-issued Kerberos user utilities, the Web server components, and the database component will be discussed. The client reference implementation will also be covered. The presentation will conclude with a summary of future enhancements and how these enhancements will expand the functionality of EZHPC, increasing its value to the user community. C1 Erdc, USACE, Vicksburg, MS USA. RP Duett, P (reprint author), Erdc, USACE, Vicksburg, MS USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 0-7695-2259-9 PY 2004 BP 289 EP 292 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Mechanics SC Computer Science; Engineering; Mechanics GA BBP31 UT WOS:000226863200043 ER PT B AU Campbell, RL AF Campbell, RL GP ieee computer society TI Guide to the best and worst HPCMP systems for executing individual TI-04 benchmarking applications and synthetics SO USERS GROUP CONFERENCE, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Users Group Conference CY JUN 07-11, 2004 CL Williamsburg, VA SP User Advocacy Grp, HPCMPO Outreach Team AB Since time-to-solution and processor scalability of an application can vary greatly from one architecture to another, it is important to consider the suitability of each system with respect to that application in order to make efficient use of available resources. Given that the full set of possible applications is quite large, this paper focuses on those applications within the FY-04 technology insertion (TI-04) benchmarking suite - AERO, COBALT-60, GAMESS, HYCOM, NAMD, OOCore, and RF-CTH - for which all except AERO have a standard and large test case. Both the overall performance and performance per processor of the High Performance Computing Modernization Program's (HPCMPs) major systems are analyzed for each test case in order to provide general selection guidance to users and a unique perspective for code developers. C1 USA, Res Lab, Computat & Informat Sci Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Campbell, RL (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Computat & Informat Sci Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 0-7695-2259-9 PY 2004 BP 294 EP 297 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Mechanics SC Computer Science; Engineering; Mechanics GA BBP31 UT WOS:000226863200044 ER PT B AU Pressel, DM Cronk, D Shende, SS AF Pressel, DM Cronk, D Shende, SS GP ieee computer society TI Penvelope: A new approach to rapidly predicting the performance of computationally intensive scientific applications on parallel computer architectures SO USERS GROUP CONFERENCE, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Users Group Conference CY JUN 07-11, 2004 CL Williamsburg, VA SP User Advocacy Grp, HPCMPO Outreach Team AB A common complaint when dealing with the performance of computationally intensive scientific applications on parallel computers is that programs exist to predict the performance of radar systems, missiles and artillery shells, drugs, etc., but no one knows how to predict the performance of these applications on a parallel computer. Actually, that is not quite true. A more accurate statement is that no one knows how to predict the performance of these applications on a parallel computer in a reasonable amount of time. PENVELOPE is an attempt to remedy this situation. It is an extension to Amdahl's Law/Gustafson's work on scaled speedup that takes into account the cost Of interprocessor communication and operating system overhead, yet is simple enough that it was implemented as an Excel spreadsheet. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Pressel, DM (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 0-7695-2259-9 PY 2004 BP 298 EP 302 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Mechanics SC Computer Science; Engineering; Mechanics GA BBP31 UT WOS:000226863200045 ER PT B AU Bolstad, M AF Bolstad, M GP ieee computer society TI Design by contract: A simple technique for improving the quality of software SO USERS GROUP CONFERENCE, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Users Group Conference CY JUN 07-11, 2004 CL Williamsburg, VA SP User Advocacy Grp, HPCMPO Outreach Team AB At its heart, Design by Contract (DbC)([Meyer97]) is a technique for expressing the relationship between a software routine (the supplier) and the callers of that routine (the clients). DbC is inspired by commercial relationships and business contracts that formally express the rights and obligations binding a client and a supplier. DbC provides a clean, easy-to-implement technique that specifies the roles and constraints applying to a routine, and ultimately, will improve the quality of any software with minimal additional cost. In this paper we will define what DbC is, how it can benefit any software, and show several examples of software developed at ARL MSRC that use DbC. C1 USA, Res Lab, Raytheon Co, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Bolstad, M (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Raytheon Co, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 0-7695-2259-9 PY 2004 BP 303 EP 307 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Mechanics SC Computer Science; Engineering; Mechanics GA BBP31 UT WOS:000226863200046 ER PT B AU Tracy, FT AF Tracy, FT GP ieee computer society TI Optimizing finite element programs on the cray X1 using coloring schemes SO USERS GROUP CONFERENCE, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Users Group Conference CY JUN 07-11, 2004 CL Williamsburg, VA SP User Advocacy Grp, HPCMPO Outreach Team AB Using the Environmental Quality Modeling program FEMWATER as a test-bed code, 27 percent of the time needed to run a given groundwater flow application on the ERDC Cray X1 using four multistream processors (MSPs) was spent assembling the global stiffness matrix. This poor performance is because the above code cannot multistream without help. The technique of "coloring" the elements makes it possible to multistream this section of the code, thus taking advantage of the hardware capability of the machine. Coloring for assembling the global stiffness matrix involves dividing the elements into different groups such that no node point touches any elements with the same color. This paper will present a simple coloring algorithm in FORTRAN and show how it was implemented into FEMWATER to achieve multistreaming on the ERDC Cray XL It will then give a detailed description on how the program was modified, what compiler options were used, and what compiler directives worked best. Finally, timing results will be given. Some programs that have good MPI (or equivalent) communication are better suited for running in the single-streamed processor (SSP) mode. In the SSP mode, coloring of the elements is not needed for assembling the global stiffness matrix. Timings for running in the SSP mode will be shown, too. C1 Erdc, USACE, Vicksburg, MS USA. RP Tracy, FT (reprint author), Erdc, USACE, Vicksburg, MS USA. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 0-7695-2259-9 PY 2004 BP 313 EP 317 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Mechanics SC Computer Science; Engineering; Mechanics GA BBP31 UT WOS:000226863200048 ER PT B AU Pressel, DM AF Pressel, DM GP ieee computer society TI Results from measuring the performance of the NAS benchmarks on the current generation of parallel computers and observations drawn from these measurements SO USERS GROUP CONFERENCE, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Users Group Conference CY JUN 07-11, 2004 CL Williamsburg, VA SP User Advocacy Grp, HPCMPO Outreach Team AB The NAS Division at NASA Ames Research Center has developed a highly respected and widely used set of benchmarks for parallel computers. These benchmarks are based on the needs of computational fluid dynamics applications, but appear to have relevance to other disciplines as well. Unfortunately, NAS last published a collection of results for a wide range of systems in November of 1997. Given the rapid level of change in the field of computers in general, and high performance parallel computing, it seemed appropriate to try and fill in some of the gaps. As such, the major computational assets of the ARL-MSRC is being benchmarked, with the intent to publish the results on an ARL website. While making these measurements, several observations and conclusions were drawn. These observations and conclusions will be discussed at length in this document. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Pressel, DM (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 0-7695-2259-9 PY 2004 BP 318 EP 323 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Mechanics SC Computer Science; Engineering; Mechanics GA BBP31 UT WOS:000226863200049 ER PT B AU Pressel, D AF Pressel, D GP ieee computer society TI Final results from the tuning of the NMS_6b weather code SO USERS GROUP CONFERENCE, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Users Group Conference CY JUN 07-11, 2004 CL Williamsburg, VA SP User Advocacy Grp, HPCMPO Outreach Team AB The Nonhydrostatic Model Simulation (NMS) _6b weather code is commonly used by weather forecasters at television stations across the country. It is also of interest to the US Army due to its superior ability to predict weather in mountainous terrain. It was developed by Dr. Greg Tripoli of the University of Wisconsin([1]). Currently this code exists only as a shared memory application parallelized using OpenMP. Attempts to parallelize it for distributed memory systems using MPI proved to be beyond the scope of the project that the author was involved in. This paper discusses efforts to improve the performance of the code at both the processor level and at the level of parallel performance. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Pressel, D (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 0-7695-2259-9 PY 2004 BP 324 EP 328 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Mechanics SC Computer Science; Engineering; Mechanics GA BBP31 UT WOS:000226863200050 ER PT B AU Friedlander, AM AF Friedlander, AM BE DeQuadros, CA TI Anthrax SO VACCINES: PREVENTING DISEASE AND PROTECTING HEALTH SE PAN AMERICAN HEALTH ORGANIZATION SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Vaccines, Prevention and Public Health CY NOV 25-27, 2002 CL Pan Amer Hlth Org, Washington, DC HO Pan Amer Hlth Org C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Friedlander, AM (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PAN AMERICAN HEALTH ORGANIZATION PI WASHINGTON PA 525 TWENTY-THIRD ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20037 USA BN 92-75-11596-6 J9 PAHO SCI P PY 2004 IS 596 BP 287 EP 290 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA BAE77 UT WOS:000221907000036 ER PT J AU Lehnhard, RA McKeever, KH Kearns, CF Beekley, MD AF Lehnhard, RA McKeever, KH Kearns, CF Beekley, MD TI Myosin heavy chain profiles and body composition are different in old versus young Standardbred mares SO VETERINARY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE horse; aging; muscle fibre; fat mass; fat-free mass ID SKELETAL-MUSCLE HISTOCHEMISTRY; FIBER-TYPE COMPOSITION; ENDURANCE TRAINING-PROGRAM; DIFFERENT AGES; EXERCISE CAPACITY; ARABIAN HORSES; GLUTEUS MEDIUS; PERFORMANCE; ISOFORMS; SIZE AB There are limited data on age-related changes in body composition or skeletal muscle in the horse. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate any differences in muscle myosin heavy chain (MHC) and body composition associated with aging. Twenty-three young (4-8 years) and eight old (20+ years) unfit Standardbred mares were evaluated. Rump fat thickness was measured using B-mode ultrasound and per cent body fat (% fat) was calculated. Needle muscle biopsies were obtained from right gluteus medius muscle. MHC composition was determined via sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Three MHC isoforms were subsequently identified as type I, type IIA, and type IIX and quantified using a scanning and densometric system. There were no significant differences (p > 0.05) between old and young mares in fat (%) (19.0 +/- 6.4 vs 20.5 +/- 5.4), fat mass (kg) (102.3 +/- 39.9 vs 106.9 +/- 37.1), or body weight (kg) (529.4 +/- 34.9 vs 512.7 +/- 57.7). However, the old mares had significantly (p < 0.05) greater lean body mass than the young mares (427.1 +/- 24.5 vs 405.7 +/- 37.9). Aged mares had significantly (p < 0.05) less type I (7.8 +/- 2.9% vs 12.1 +/- 4.4%) and IIA (27.8 +/- 7.1% vs 36.1 +/- 9.5%) fibres than the young group but more type IIX (64.6 +/- 4.7% vs 51.8 +/- 11.1%). The MHC data are consistent with the age-related changes seen in other species. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Rutgers State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Equine Sci Ctr, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. Univ Maine, Dept Exercise Sci, Orono, ME USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Phys Educ, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP McKeever, KH (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Equine Sci Ctr, 84 Lipman Dr, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. EM mckeever@aesop.rutgers.edu NR 68 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 2 PU BAILLIERE TINDALL PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 1090-0233 J9 VET J JI Vet. J. PD JAN PY 2004 VL 167 IS 1 BP 59 EP 66 DI 10.1016/S1090-0233(03)00045-5 PG 8 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 764AW UT WOS:000188168700011 PM 14623152 ER PT B AU Nanda, SK Ports, MA AF Nanda, SK Ports, MA BE Rogers, JR Brown, GO Garbrecht, JD TI Snag boats to satellites: A history of the Upper Mississippi River Navigation System SO WATER RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENTAL HISTORY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the Environmental-and-Water-Resources-Institute CY JUN 28-JUL 01, 2004 CL Salt Lake City, UT SP Environm & Water Resources Inst AB The Upper Mississippi River Navigation System extends from Minneapolis, Minnesota downstream to Cairo, Illinois, a total distance of approximately 857.6 miles. In 1930, Congress authorized the U. S. Army Corps of Engineers to construct a series of navigation locks and dams in order to provide a minimum nine-foot depth for commercial navigation throughout the Upper Mississippi River. A total of 29 locks and dams between Minneapolis and Saint Louis transformed the Upper Mississippi River into a succession of "stair steps" formed by the pools to facilitate commercial navigation during periods of low water. Towboats ascend or descend the "stairway", with the assurance that at least nine feet of depth is available to float their cargo-laden barges. The operation of the Upper Mississippi River Navigation System has been assigned to three different offices of the Corps. The St. Paul District oversees the northernmost portion of the system that extends approximately from River Mile 614 upstream to River Mile 857.6. The Rock Island District oversees the central portion of the system that extends approximately from River Mile 216 upstream to River Mile 614. And, the St. Louis District oversees the southernmost portion of the system that extends from Cairo, Illinois at River Mile 0 upstream to River Mile 216. The paper describes the history of the Upper Mississippi River Navigation System, from the ante-bellum heyday of the great steamboats through today's modem tow barges. The paper also describes the modem technology employed to operate the system today. C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Hydrol & Hydraul Branch, Rock Isl, IL 61204 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA UNITED ENGINEERING CENTER, 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 USA BN 0-7844-0738-X PY 2004 BP 96 EP 102 PG 7 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Geological; Environmental Studies; History SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; History GA BBU91 UT WOS:000227945400013 ER PT J AU Dietrich, AM Glindemann, D Pizarro, F Gidi, V Olivares, M Araya, M Camper, A Duncan, S Dwyer, S Whelton, AJ Younos, T Subramanian, S Burlingame, GA Khiari, D Edwards, M AF Dietrich, AM Glindemann, D Pizarro, F Gidi, V Olivares, M Araya, M Camper, A Duncan, S Dwyer, S Whelton, AJ Younos, T Subramanian, S Burlingame, GA Khiari, D Edwards, M TI Health and aesthetic impacts of copper corrosion on drinking water SO WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Scaling and Corrosion in Water and Wastewater Systems CY MAR 25-27, 2003 CL Cranfield, ENGLAND SP IWA DE aesthetics; copper; corrosion; health; odour; taste ID DISTRIBUTION-SYSTEM; PITTING CORROSION; ORGANIC-MATTER; THRESHOLD; ABSORPTION; PHOSPHINE; MODEL; AGE AB Traditional research has focused on the visible effects of corrosion - failures, leaks, and financial debits - and often overlooked the more hidden health and aesthetic aspects. Clearly, corrosion of copper pipe can lead to levels of copper in the drinking water that exceed health guidelines and cause bitter or metallic tasting water. Because water will continue to be conveyed to consumers worldwide through metal pipes, the water industry has to consider both the effects of water quality on corrosion and the effects of corrosion on water quality. Integrating four key factors - chemical/biological causes, economics, health and aesthetics - is critical for managing the distribution system to produce safe water that consumers will use with confidence. As technological developments improve copper pipes to minimize scaling and corrosion, it is essential to consider the health and aesthetic effects on an equal plane with chemical/biological causes and economics to produce water that is acceptable for public consumption. C1 Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. Univ Chile, Inst Nutr & Food Technol, Santiago, Chile. US Dept HHS, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. Montana State Univ, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. USA, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Philadelphia Water Dept, Philadelphia, PA 19124 USA. AWWA Res Fdn, Denver, CO 80235 USA. RP Dietrich, AM (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM andread@vt.edu; dglindem@vt.edu; fpizarro@uec.inta.uchile.cl; ggidi@osophs.dhhs.gov; molivare@uec.inta.uchile.cl; maraya@uec.inta.uchile.cl; anne_c@erc.montana.edu; duncans@vt.edu; sdwyer@vt.edu; Andrew.Whelton@apg.amedd.army.mil; tyounos@vt.edu; sisubra1@vt.edu; Gary.Burlingame@phila.gov; dkhiari@awwarf.com; edwardsm@vt.edu RI Lucas, Elizabeth/E-2733-2010; Edwards, Marc/J-3557-2012; Pizarro, Fernando/K-5266-2012 OI Pizarro, Fernando/0000-0001-6088-1119 NR 57 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 8 PU I W A PUBLISHING PI LONDON PA ALLIANCE HOUSE, 12 CAXTON ST, LONDON SW1H0QS, ENGLAND SN 0273-1223 J9 WATER SCI TECHNOL JI Water Sci. Technol. PY 2004 VL 49 IS 2 BP 55 EP 62 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 800NX UT WOS:000220036100009 PM 14982164 ER PT J AU Dietrich, AM Whelton, AJ Hoehn, RC Anderson, R Wille, M AF Dietrich, AM Whelton, AJ Hoehn, RC Anderson, R Wille, M TI The attribute rating test for sensory analysis SO WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Symposium on Off-Flavours in the Aquatic Environment CY OCT 07-10, 2002 CL Barcelona, SPAIN DE activated carbon; geosmin; methodology; sensory; taste-and-odor AB This new sensory method evaluates the intensity of an odorant by using a modified "paired-comparison" format. It can be applied to any situation for which the odor-causing agent is known and a purified standard is available. The attribute rating test requires that a standard solution of the odorant be prepared at a concentration that is both readily recognized by most individuals and likely to evoke customer complaints. Within an hour individuals can be trained to compare the odor type and intensity of the standard to water samples, then rate the odor in the sample as "not detected," "less than the standard," "equal to standard," or "greater than the standard." The attribute rating test was successfully used by a full-scale water treatment facility to monitor the intensity of geosmin in the source water and to determine the effectiveness of powdered activated carbon for controlling its earthy-odor in treated water. C1 Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. USA, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Indiana Amer Water Co, Gary, IN 46402 USA. RP Dietrich, AM (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM andread@vt.edu; Andrew.Whelton@apg.amedd.army.mil; bhoehn@vt.edu; randerson@amwater.com; mwille@amwater.com RI Lucas, Elizabeth/E-2733-2010 NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU I W A PUBLISHING PI LONDON PA ALLIANCE HOUSE, 12 CAXTON ST, LONDON SW1H0QS, ENGLAND SN 0273-1223 J9 WATER SCI TECHNOL JI Water Sci. Technol. PY 2004 VL 49 IS 9 BP 61 EP 67 PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 834HF UT WOS:000222401500010 PM 15237608 ER PT J AU Oh, SY Cha, DK Chiu, PC Kim, BJ AF Oh, SY Cha, DK Chiu, PC Kim, BJ TI Conceptual comparison of pink water treatment technologies: granular activated carbon, anaerobic fluidized bed, and zero-valent iron-Fenton process SO WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th IWA Specialty Symposium on Strong Nitrogenous and Agro-Wastewater CY JUN 11-13, 2003 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP IWA DE pink water; zero-valent iron; Fenton oxidation; fluidized bed reactor; granular activated carbon ID WASTE-WATER; 2,4,6-TRINITROTOLUENE; REDUCTION; RDX; TNT; REMOVAL; METAL AB Pink water, explosive-laden wastewater produced in army ammunition plants is often treated using expensive and non-destructive granular activated carbon (GAC) adsorption. This paper compares GAC adsorption and two alternative treatment technologies, anaerobic GAC fluidized bed reactor and zero-valent iron-Fenton process. The bench-scale demonstration of the zero-valent iron-Fenton process with real pink water is reported. The features of three technologies are compared and their advantages and drawbacks are discussed. C1 Univ Delaware, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. USA, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Champaign, IL 61826 USA. RP Oh, SY (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. EM quartzoh@ce.udel.edu; cha@ce.udel.edu; pei@ce.udel.edu; b-kim@cecar.army.mil NR 25 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 6 PU I W A PUBLISHING PI LONDON PA ALLIANCE HOUSE, 12 CAXTON ST, LONDON SW1H0QS, ENGLAND SN 0273-1223 J9 WATER SCI TECHNOL JI Water Sci. Technol. PY 2004 VL 49 IS 5-6 BP 129 EP 136 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 821MF UT WOS:000221464200018 PM 15137416 ER PT S AU Langdon, VL Hilliard, MR Busch, IK AF Langdon, VL Hilliard, MR Busch, IK GP TRB TI Future utilization and optimal investment strategy for inland waterways - New model from US Army Corps of Engineers to assist policy makers SO WATER TRANSPORT SE TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 83rd Annual Meeting of the Transportation-Research-Board CY JAN 11-15, 2004 CL Washington, DC SP Transportat Res Board, US Dept Transportat, US Bur Transportat Stat, US Fed Aviat Adm, US Fed Highway Adm, US Fed Motor Carrier Safety Adm, US Fed Railroad Adm, US FedTransit Adm, US Natl Highway Traff Safety Adm, US Res& Special Programs Adm, NASA, USA Corps Engineers, US Coast Guard, US DOE, US EPA AB For nearly three decades, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (the Corps) has been measuring incremental system navigation transportation costs for proposed infrastructure investments in search of the National Economic Development (NED) plan: local optimization in a system-level evaluation. The increasingly complex and sophisticated analysis requires the development of additional modeling modules. The traditional analysis assumed a most-likely traffic forecast and a set investment timing. Cost-benefit analyses on various alternatives were compared to determine the without-project condition and the recommended with-project NED plan. Sensitivity analyses of traffic forecasts and investment timing were done on the with-project plan. The second generation of analysis factored in the impacts of scheduled chamber closure differences between alternatives, and the third generation of analysis factored in the impacts of unscheduled ones. The goal is to be able to optimize investments simultaneously across a system (not just investments at one site) under a series of forecast scenarios while capturing structural reliability differences (scheduled and unscheduled closures). As the demands of the analysis increased, there was a need to consolidate and dynamically link the various models and techniques developed over the years and to develop new techniques to simultaneously manage investment permutations and automatically select optimal investment plans; the desire was to perform system optimization in a system-level evaluation. The innovative analysis techniques and relational database management structure of the new Ohio River Navigation Investment Model are introduced, as is a set of flexible, integrated analysis modules that move the Corps closer to these ideals. C1 USA, Corps Engn, Navigat Planning Ctr, Huntington, WV 25701 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Transportat Anal, Natl Transportat Res Ctr, Knoxville, TN 37932 USA. RP Langdon, VL (reprint author), USA, Corps Engn, Navigat Planning Ctr, 502 8th St, Huntington, WV 25701 USA. RI Hilliard, Michael/C-3270-2016 OI Hilliard, Michael/0000-0002-4450-9250 NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH BOARD NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL PI WASHINGTON PA 500 FIFTH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001 USA SN 0361-1981 BN 0-309-09465-8 J9 TRANSPORT RES REC PY 2004 IS 1871 BP 33 EP 41 PG 9 WC Engineering, Civil; Transportation; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Transportation GA BBQ91 UT WOS:000227333300005 ER PT J AU Schwering, FK Whitman, GM Triolo, AA AF Schwering, FK Whitman, GM Triolo, AA TI New full-wave theory for scattering from rough metal surfaces - the correction current method: the TE-polarization case SO WAVES IN RANDOM MEDIA LA English DT Article ID INHOMOGENEOUS MULTILAYERED STRUCTURES; KIRCHHOFF APPROXIMATION; RADIATION-FIELDS; ARBITRARY SLOPE; DEPOLARIZATION; PERTURBATION; PROPAGATION; THICKNESS; SPECTRUM; VALIDITY AB A new full-wave theory of scattering from metal surfaces with one-dimensional roughness profiles is presented. A primary field and a complete system of modal functions (radiation modes) are defined to be relatively simple in structure (plane-wave-type fields) and to satisfy the boundary conditions at the rough surface, individually and rigorously. These fields will not necessarily satisfy Maxwell's equations. But compliance with these equations is enforced by the introduction of fictitious current distributions, associated with each of these fields, and chosen such that these 'passive' currents compensate for any field errors. In addition, each radiation mode is assumed to include an 'active' current distribution in the form of a current sheet which generates this mode. The composite field, formulated as a superposition of the primary field and the radiation modes, must be source free. It cannot involve any active or passive currents; and this zero-current requirement is then used to solve the scatter problem by an iterative procedure which, in a step-by-step fashion, eliminates the passive currents of the primary field and radiation modes by the active currents of the radiation modes. The result is a composite field that satisfies all requirements (Maxwell's equations, boundary conditions and radiation condition) while all fictitious current distributions are eliminated by mutual compensation. This composite field is therefore the solution of the scatter problem. This new theory-involving fictitious current distributions-is unconventional. But after definition of the primary field and the radiation modes, it is straightforward and conceptually transparent. The first-order scatter pattern is reciprocal and bridges the gap between the small-perturbation method and the physical optics method. Since the passive currents quantify the field errors, the theory allows the establishment of an error criterion which indicates when field errors can be expected to be small. The results are compared with those of existing theories. The present paper presents the TE case; the TM case, which is more complex, will be described in a follow-on paper. C1 USA, CECOM, AMSEL, RD,ST,WL, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. New Jersey Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. Telcordia Technol Inc, Adv Wireless Signal Proc Dept, Red Bank, NJ 07701 USA. RP Schwering, FK (reprint author), USA, CECOM, AMSEL, RD,ST,WL, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. NR 27 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0959-7174 J9 WAVE RANDOM MEDIA JI Waves Random Media PD JAN PY 2004 VL 14 IS 1 BP 23 EP 60 AR PII S0959-7174(04)65874-5 DI 10.1088/0959-7174/10/1/003 PG 38 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 770RD UT WOS:000188743700005 ER PT B AU Meneses, GV AF Meneses, GV BE Betros, L TI West Point and the post-Cold War draw-down SO West Point: Two Centuries and Beyond LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on West Point - Two Centuries and Beyond CY MAR 07-09, 2002 CL United States Mil Acad, Dept Hist, West Point, NY HO United States Mil Acad, Dept Hist C1 USA, Ordanance Battal 184th, Ft Gillem, GA USA. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MCWHINEY FOUNDATION PRESS PI ABILENE PA MCMURRY STATION, BOX 637, ABILENE, TX 79697-0637 USA BN 1-893114-47-3 PY 2004 BP 248 EP 267 PG 20 WC History SC History GA BCI26 UT WOS:000229496200012 ER PT B AU Krumwiede, CD AF Krumwiede, CD BE Betros, L TI Chinese cadets at West Point SO West Point: Two Centuries and Beyond LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on West Point - Two Centuries and Beyond CY MAR 07-09, 2002 CL United States Mil Acad, Dept Hist, West Point, NY HO United States Mil Acad, Dept Hist C1 Command & Gen Staff Coll, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MCWHINEY FOUNDATION PRESS PI ABILENE PA MCMURRY STATION, BOX 637, ABILENE, TX 79697-0637 USA BN 1-893114-47-3 PY 2004 BP 299 EP 320 PG 22 WC History SC History GA BCI26 UT WOS:000229496200014 ER PT J AU Pearton, SJ Abernathy, CR Thaler, GT Frazier, R Ren, F Hebard, AF Park, YD Norton, DP Tang, W Stavola, M Zavada, JM Wilson, RG AF Pearton, SJ Abernathy, CR Thaler, GT Frazier, R Ren, F Hebard, AF Park, YD Norton, DP Tang, W Stavola, M Zavada, JM Wilson, RG TI Effects of defects and doping on wide band gap ferromagnetic semiconductors SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 22nd International Conference on Defects in Semiconductors (ICDS-22) CY JUL 28-AUG 01, 2003 CL UNIV AARHUS, AARHUS, DENMARK HO UNIV AARHUS DE defects; doping; ferromagnetism; wide band gap; semiconductors ID MOLECULAR-BEAM-EPITAXY; ROOM-TEMPERATURE FERROMAGNETISM; CARRIER-INDUCED FERROMAGNETISM; MAGNETIC SEMICONDUCTORS; STRUCTURAL-PROPERTIES; LOCAL-STRUCTURE; MN; GAMNN; SPIN; FILMS AB Both ion implantation and epitaxial crystal growth provide convenient methods of introducing transition metals such as Mn,Cr,Fe,Ni and Co into GaN, GaP, SiC and ZnO for creating dilute magnetic semiconductors exhibiting room temperature ferromagnetism. In this paper we review progress in wide band gap ferromagnetic semiconductors and the role of defects and doping on the resulting magnetic properties. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. Lehigh Univ, Dept Phys, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. Ctr Strongly Correlated Mat Res, Seoul 151747, South Korea. Univ Florida, Dept Phys, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Chem Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Pearton, SJ (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, POB 116400, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM spear@mse.ufl.edu RI Park, Yun/A-9559-2008 OI Park, Yun/0000-0001-7699-0432 NR 51 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 1 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD DEC 31 PY 2003 VL 340 BP 39 EP 47 DI 10.1016/j.physb.2003.09.003 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 765TR UT WOS:000188300200006 ER PT J AU Saxena, A Hur, RS Luo, CY Doctor, BP AF Saxena, A Hur, RS Luo, CY Doctor, BP TI Natural monomeric form of fetal bovine serum acetylcholinesterase lacks the C-terminal tetramerization domain SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-FORMS; HUMAN BUTYRYLCHOLINESTERASE; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; PERIPHERAL SITE; GEL FILTRATION; CHOLINESTERASES; BRAIN; PROTEINS; PURIFICATION; EXPRESSION AB Acetylcholinesterase isolated from fetal bovine serum (FBS AChE) was previously characterized as a globular tetrameric form. Analysis of purified preparations of FBS AChE by gel permeation chromatography revealed the presence of a stable, catalytically active, monomeric form of this enzyme. The two forms could be distinguished from each other based on their molecular weight, hydrodynamic properties, kinetic properties, thermal stability, and the type of glycans they carry. No differences between the two forms were observed for the binding of classical inhibitors such as edrophonium and propidium or inhibitors that are current or potential drugs for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease such as (-) huperzine A and E2020; tacrine inhibited the monomeric form 2-3-fold more potently than the tetrameric form. Sequencing of peptides obtained from an in-gel tryptic digest of the monomer and tetramer by tandem mass spectrometry indicated that the tetramer consists of 583 amino acid residues corresponding to the mature form of the enzyme, whereas the monomer consists of 543-547 amino acid residues. The subunit molecular weight of the protein component of the monomer (major species) was determined to be 59 414 Da and that of the tetramer as 64 239 Da. The N-terminal of the monomer and the tetramer was Glu, suggesting that the monomer is not a result of truncation at the N-terminal. The only differences detected were at the C-terminus. The tetramer yielded the expected C-terminus, CSDL, whereas the C-terminus of the monomer yielded a mixture of peptides, of which LLSATDTLD was the most abundant. These results suggest that monomeric FBS AChE is trimmed at the C-terminus, and the results are consistent with the involvement of C-terminal amino acids in the assembly of monomers into tetramers. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Biochem, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Saxena, A (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Biochem, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 52 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD DEC 30 PY 2003 VL 42 IS 51 BP 15292 EP 15299 DI 10.1021/bi030150x PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 758LB UT WOS:000187634900031 PM 14690439 ER PT J AU Baik, KH Frazier, RM Thaler, GT Abernathy, CR Pearton, SJ Kelly, J Rairigh, R Hebard, AF Tang, W Stavola, M Zavada, JM AF Baik, KH Frazier, RM Thaler, GT Abernathy, CR Pearton, SJ Kelly, J Rairigh, R Hebard, AF Tang, W Stavola, M Zavada, JM TI Effects of hydrogen incorporation in GaMnN SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-BEAM-EPITAXY; P-TYPE GAN; TEMPERATURE FERROMAGNETISM; MN; FILMS; SEMICONDUCTORS; ABSORPTION AB Single-phase (Ga,Mn)N layers grown by molecular beam epitaxy with similar to3 at. % Mn were exposed to H-2 or H-1 plasmas under conditions designed to permeate layers with hydrogen. No evidence of the formation of Mn-H complexes could be detected from either infrared spectroscopy or the changes in magnetic properties. However, the residual magnetization increased similar to20% after hydrogenation, consistent with passivation of crystal defects in (Ga,Mn)N. Hydrogenation may be an attractive method for improving the magnetic properties of these heteroepitaxial materials. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Phys, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Lehigh Univ, Dept Phys, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Baik, KH (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. NR 26 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD DEC 29 PY 2003 VL 83 IS 26 BP 5458 EP 5460 DI 10.1063/1.1637151 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 757ET UT WOS:000187536400038 ER PT J AU O'Malley, PG Taylor, AJ AF O'Malley, PG Taylor, AJ TI Prognostic value of coronary artery calcification SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Letter ID BEAM COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; RISK ADULTS; EVENTS; CALCIUM C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP O'Malley, PG (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 5 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD DEC 23 PY 2003 VL 108 IS 25 BP E169 EP E169 DI 10.1161/01.CIR.0000108164.52246.89 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 756ZA UT WOS:000187514600003 PM 14691027 ER PT J AU Warfield, KL Bosio, CM Welcher, BC Deal, EM Mohamadzadeh, M Schmaljohn, A Aman, MJ Bavari, S AF Warfield, KL Bosio, CM Welcher, BC Deal, EM Mohamadzadeh, M Schmaljohn, A Aman, MJ Bavari, S TI Ebola virus-like particles protect from lethal Ebola virus infection SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID CYTOTOXIC T-LYMPHOCYTES; DENDRITIC CELLS; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; NONHUMAN-PRIMATES; GUINEA-PIGS; MARBURG VIRUSES; MOUSE MODEL; VACCINE; MICE AB The filovirus Ebola causes hemorrhagic fever with 70-80% human mortality. High. case-fatality rates, as well as known aerosol infectivity, make Ebola virus a potential global health threat and possible biological warfare agent. Development of an effective vaccine for use in natural outbreaks, response to biological attack, and protection of laboratory workers is a higher national priority than ever before. Coexpression of the Ebola virus glycoprotein (GP) and matrix protein (VP40) in mammalian cells results in spontaneous production and release of virus-like particles (VLPs) that resemble the distinctively filamentous infectious virions. VLPs have been tested and found efficacious as vaccines for several viruses, including papillomavirus, HIV, parvovirus, and rotavirus. Herein, we report that Ebola VLPs (eVLPs) were immunogenic in vitro as eVLFs matured and activated mouse bone marrow-derived dendritic cells, assessed by increases in cell-surface markers CD40, CD80, CD86, and MHC class I and II and secretion of IL-6, IL-10, macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1alpha, and tumor necrosis factor a by the dendritic cells. Further, vaccinating mice with eVLPs activated CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells, as well as CD19(+) B cells. After vaccination with eVLPs, mice developed high titers of Ebola virus-specific antibodies, including neutralizing antibodies. Importantly, mice vaccinated with eVLPs were 100% protected from an otherwise lethal Ebola virus inoculation. Together, our data suggest that eVLPs represent a promising vaccine candidate for protection against Ebola virus infections and a much needed tool to examine the genesis and nature of immune responses to Ebola virus. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. Clin Res Management, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. Tulane Univ, Dept Med, Sect Hematol & Med Oncol, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. RP Aman, MJ (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, 1425 Porter St, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RI Bosio, Catharine/D-7456-2015 NR 54 TC 144 Z9 162 U1 1 U2 38 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD DEC 23 PY 2003 VL 100 IS 26 BP 15889 EP 15894 DI 10.1073/pnas.2237038100 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 757GL UT WOS:000187554600107 PM 14673108 ER PT J AU Panchal, RG Ruthel, G Kenny, TA Kallstrom, GH Lane, D Badie, SS Li, LM Bavari, S Aman, MJ AF Panchal, RG Ruthel, G Kenny, TA Kallstrom, GH Lane, D Badie, SS Li, LM Bavari, S Aman, MJ TI In vivo oligomerization and raft localization of Ebola virus protein VP40 during vesicular budding SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE rafts; FIAsH; TSG101; filovirus ID MATRIX PROTEIN; LIPID RAFTS; BINDING PROPERTIES; MEMBRANE; CELLS; DOMAINS; TRAFFICKING; TSG101; CHOLESTEROL; FILOVIRUSES AB The matrix protein VP40 plays a critical role in Ebola virus assembly and budding, a process that utilizes specialized membrane domains known as lipid rafts. Previous studies with purified protein suggest a role for oligomerization of VP40 in this process. Here, we demonstrate VP40 oligomers in lipid rafts of mammalian cells, virus-like particles, and in the authentic Ebola virus. By mutagenesis, we identify several critical C-terminal sequences that regulate oligomerization at the plasma membrane, association with detergent-resistant membranes, and vesicular release of VP40, directly linking these phenomena. Furthermore, we demonstrate the active recruitment of TSG101 into lipid rafts by VP40. We also report the successful application of the biarsenic fluorophore, FlAsH, combined with a tetracysteine tag for imaging of Ebola VP40 in live cells. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NCI, Dev Therapeut Program, Target Struct Based Drug Discovery Grp, Sci Applicat Int Corp, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Clin Res Management Inc, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Funct Genet Inc, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. RP Aman, MJ (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 29 TC 127 Z9 129 U1 0 U2 8 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD DEC 23 PY 2003 VL 100 IS 26 BP 15936 EP 15941 DI 10.1073/pnas.2533915100 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 757GL UT WOS:000187554600115 PM 14673115 ER PT J AU Majumdar, A Choi, KK Reno, JL Tsui, DC AF Majumdar, A Choi, KK Reno, JL Tsui, DC TI Voltage tunable two-color infrared detection using semiconductor superlattices SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM-WELLS; MU-M; GAAS; PHOTODETECTOR; WAVELENGTH; LIGHT AB We demonstrate a voltage tunable two-color quantum-well infrared photodetector (QWIP) that consists of multiple periods of two distinct AlGaAs/GaAs superlattices separated by AlGaAs blocking barriers on one side and heavily doped GaAs layers on the other side. The detection peak switches from 9.5 mum under large positive bias to 6 mum under negative bias. The background-limited temperature is 55 K for 9.5 mum detection and 80 K for 6 mum detection. We also demonstrate that the corrugated-QWIP geometry is suitable for coupling normally incident light into the detector. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Princeton Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Majumdar, A (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RI Choi, Kwong-Kit/K-9205-2013 NR 15 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD DEC 22 PY 2003 VL 83 IS 25 BP 5130 EP 5132 DI 10.1063/1.1635981 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 754QK UT WOS:000187341800004 ER PT J AU Kanapady, R Tamma, KK AF Kanapady, R Tamma, KK TI A-scalability and an integrated computational technology and framework for non-linear structural dynamics. Part 1: Theoretical developments and parallel formulations SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE A-scalability; time discretized operators; LMS methods; implicit methods; algorithmic/numerical/parallel scalability; structural dynamics; GInO; FETI; FETI-DP ID ITERATIVE SUBSTRUCTURING METHODS; DOMAIN DECOMPOSITION METHOD; 2-LEVEL FETI METHOD; MULTISTEP METHODS; CONVERGENCE; MECHANICS; OPERATORS; SYSTEMS; DESIGN AB For large-scale problems and large processor counts, the accuracy and efficiency with reduced solution times and attaining optimal parallel scalability of the entire transient duration of the simulation for general non-linear structural dynamics problems poses many computational challenges. For transient analysis, explicit time operators readily inherit algorithmic scalability and consequently enable parallel scalability. However, the key issues concerning parallel simulations via implicit time operators within the framework and encompassing the class of linear multistep methods include the totality of the following considerations to foster the proposed notion of A-scalability: (a) selection of robust scalable optimal time discretized operators that foster stabilized non-linear dynamic implicit computations both in terms of convergence and the number of non-linear iterations for completion of large-scale analysis of the highly non-linear dynamic responses, (b) selecting an appropriate scalable spatial domain decomposition method for solving the resulting linearized system of equations during the implicit phase of the nonlinear computations, (c) scalable implementation models and solver technology for the interface and coarse problems for attaining parallel scalability of the computations, and (d) scalable parallel graph partitioning techniques. These latter issues related to parallel implicit formulations are of interest and focus in this paper. The former involving parallel explicit formulations are also a natural subset of the present framework and have been addressed previously in Reference I (Advances in Engineering Software 2000; 31:639-647). In the present context, of the key issues, although a particular aspect or a solver as related to the spatial domain decomposition may be designed to be numerically scalable, the totality of the aforementioned issues simultaneously play an important and integral role to attain A-scalability of the parallel formulations for the entire transient duration of the simulation and is desirable for transient problems. As such, the theoretical developments of the parallel formulations are first detailed in Part I of this paper, and the subsequent practical applications and performance results of general non-linear structural dynamics problems are described in Part 2 of this paper to foster the proposed notion of A-scalability. Copyright (C) 2003 John Wiley Sons, Ltd. C1 Univ Minnesota, USA, High Performance Comp Res Ctr, Dept Mech Engn, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Tamma, KK (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, USA, High Performance Comp Res Ctr, Dept Mech Engn, 111 Church St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. NR 28 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0029-5981 J9 INT J NUMER METH ENG JI Int. J. Numer. Methods Eng. PD DEC 21 PY 2003 VL 58 IS 15 BP 2265 EP 2293 DI 10.1002/nme.851 PG 29 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Engineering; Mathematics GA 755ZB UT WOS:000187440400002 ER PT J AU Kanapady, R Tamma, KK AF Kanapady, R Tamma, KK TI A-scalability and an integrated computational technology and framework for non-linear structural dynamics. Part 2: Implementation aspects and parallel performance results SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE A-scalability; time integration operators; LMS methods; implicit methods; algorithmic/numerical/parallel scalability; structural dynamics; GInO; FETI; FETl-DP ID DOMAIN DECOMPOSITION METHOD; 2-LEVEL FETI METHOD; ALGORITHMS; OPERATORS; DESIGN; SHELLS AB An integrated framework and computational technology is described that addresses the issues to foster absolute scalability (A-scalability) of the entire transient duration of the simulations of implicit nonlinear structural dynamics of large scale practical applications on a large number of parallel processors. Whereas the theoretical developments and parallel formulations were presented in Part 1, the implementation, validation and parallel performance assessments and results are presented here in Part 2 of the paper. Relatively simple numerical examples involving large deformation and elastic and elastoplastic non-linear dynamic behaviour are first presented via the proposed framework for demonstrating the comparative accuracy of methods in comparison to available experimental results and/or results available in the literature. For practical geometrically complex meshes, the A-scalability of non-linear implicit dynamic computations is then illustrated by employing scalable optimal dissipative zero-order displacement and velocity overshoot behaviour time operators which are a subset of the generalized framework in conjunction with numerically scalable spatial domain decomposition methods and scalable graph partitioning techniques. The constant run times of the entire simulation of 'fixed-memory-use-per-processor' scaling of complex finite element mesh geometries is demonstrated for large scale problems and large processor counts on at least 1024 processors. Copyright (C) 2003 John Wiley Sons, Ltd. C1 Univ Minnesota, USA, High Performance Comp Res Ctr, Dept Mech Engn, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Tamma, KK (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, USA, High Performance Comp Res Ctr, Dept Mech Engn, 111 Church St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. NR 26 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0029-5981 J9 INT J NUMER METH ENG JI Int. J. Numer. Methods Eng. PD DEC 21 PY 2003 VL 58 IS 15 BP 2295 EP 2323 DI 10.1002/nme.852 PG 29 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Engineering; Mathematics GA 755ZB UT WOS:000187440400003 ER PT J AU Jensen, JO Jensen, JL AF Jensen, JO Jensen, JL TI Vibrational frequencies and structural determination of hexachloro-cyclopentadiene SO VIBRATIONAL SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE vibrational frequency; hexachloro-cyclopentadiene; Raman spectra ID HEXACHLOROCYCLOPENTADIENE; IR; SPECTROSCOPY; CAPABILITY; MICE AB The normal mode frequencies and corresponding vibrational assignments of hexachloro-cyclopentadiene (HCP) in C-2nu symmetry are examined theoretically using the Gaussian 98 set of quantum chemistry codes. All normal modes were successfully assigned to one of five types of motion (C-C stretch, C=C stretch, C-Cl stretch, C-Cl bend, and C-C-C bend) predicted by a group theoretical analysis. By comparing the calculated vibrational frequencies with IR and Raman spectra available in the literature, a set of correction factors is derived. Theoretical IR and Raman intensities are reported. Molecular orbitals and bonding are examined. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB, RRT,DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Jensen, JO (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB, RRT,DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 29 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0924-2031 J9 VIB SPECTROSC JI Vib. Spectrosc. PD DEC 19 PY 2003 VL 33 IS 1-2 BP 3 EP 13 DI 10.1016/S0924-2031(03)00069-9 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA 754XZ UT WOS:000187359900001 ER PT J AU Constantine, CA Gattas-Asfura, KM Mello, SV Crespo, G Rastogi, V Cheng, TC De Frank, JJ Leblanc, RM AF Constantine, CA Gattas-Asfura, KM Mello, SV Crespo, G Rastogi, V Cheng, TC De Frank, JJ Leblanc, RM TI Layer-by-layer films of chitosan, organophosphorus hydrolase and thioglycolic acid-capped CdSe quantum dots for the detection of paraoxon SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Letter ID POLYMER; NANOCRYSTALS; COMPOSITES AB A polyelectrolyte architecture was fabricated that was composed of chitosan and organophosphorus hydrolase polycations along with thioglycolic acid-capped CdSe quantum dots (QDs) as the polyanion. This film was imaged by epifluorescence microscopy. UV-vis and emission spectroscopies were used to monitor the growth of the bilayer film due to the enhanced optical property of QDs. Photoluminescence of the functionalized QDs improved when sandwiched between the polycations layers. The presence of organophosphorus compounds was confirmed through photoluminescence spectroscopy. C1 Univ Miami, Dept Chem, Coral Gables, FL 33146 USA. USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Biotechnol Team Res & Technol Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Univ Miami, Dept Chem, 1301 Mem Dr, Coral Gables, FL 33146 USA. EM rml@miami.edu NR 13 TC 72 Z9 74 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD DEC 18 PY 2003 VL 107 IS 50 BP 13762 EP 13764 DI 10.1021/jp036381v PG 3 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 753ZX UT WOS:000187279200003 ER PT J AU McConnell, JD Roehrborn, CG Bautista, OM Andriole, GL Dixon, CM Kusek, JW Lepor, H McVary, KT Nyberg, LM Clarke, HS Crawford, ED Diokno, A Foley, JP Foster, HE Jacobs, SC Kaplan, SA Kreder, KJ Lieber, MM Lucia, MS Miller, GJ Menon, M Milam, DF Ramsdell, JW Schenkman, NS Slawin, KM Smith, JA Kusek, JW Nyberg, LM Briggs, JP McConnell, JD Crawford, ED Homan, K Donohue, R Parker, D Easterday, K Robertson, K Kaplan, S Wentland, M Hardy, L Roehrborn, C Ahrens, A McConnell, J Hall, D Cutts, D Carter, S Waldrep, K Schenkman, N Sanetrik, K Sihelnik, S Zorn, B McLeod, D Moul, J Peay, K Szkutnik, A Travis, J Brawer, M Earl, D Mayo, M Dixon, C Hirschfield, S Lepor, H Hoffman, D Brassil, D Castro, M Kramer, P Slawin, K Pavlik, V Morton, R Miles, B Harrison, S Valdez, R Foley, J Jones, A Thompson, I Morey, A Canby-Hagino, E Dobbs, R Rozanski, T Sloat, G Ramsdell, J Parman, Z Schmidt, J Albo, M Guy, H Eskew, D Sparks, D Menon, M David, C Kirkemo, A Diokno, A Burks, D Stricker, H Peabody, J Littleton, R Leemon, B Steinert, B Kuzara, J Peabody, M Lieber, M Smith, J Patterson, D Blute, M Van Oort, C Fitch, D Mann, D Hyland, K Wieland, H McVary, K Perez, E Grayhack, J Bushman, W Haldes, K Manzera, M Smith, J Hughes, B Milam, D Sisk, P Andriole, G Faust, J Sundaram, C Nicolai, C Johnson, A Shelly, N Foster, H Martin, T Anderson, K Puklin, C Chodkowshi, D Alfano, S Sopp, K Clarke, H Lopez, B Tenover, L Elmer, S Lachenmeyer, K Kreder, K Fearing, M See, W Ziegler, B Schultz, S Tuftee, T Jacobs, S Hershner, M Naslund, M Greene, B Markowitz, G Miller, GJ Lucia, MS Lepoff, R Covey-Magnuson, C Johnson, G Torkko, K Bautista, O Burrows, P Gersnoviez, R Bain, R Greenhouse, S Bamdad, J Mason, W Sherif, H Temprosa, M Minkoff, N Barry, M Bruskewitz, R Cockett, A Litwin, M Mostwin, J Reda, D Roberts, R Rous, S Williford, W Smith-West, D Greene, P Round, E Gormley, G Mallen, S Sigel, R Grossman, E AF McConnell, JD Roehrborn, CG Bautista, OM Andriole, GL Dixon, CM Kusek, JW Lepor, H McVary, KT Nyberg, LM Clarke, HS Crawford, ED Diokno, A Foley, JP Foster, HE Jacobs, SC Kaplan, SA Kreder, KJ Lieber, MM Lucia, MS Miller, GJ Menon, M Milam, DF Ramsdell, JW Schenkman, NS Slawin, KM Smith, JA Kusek, JW Nyberg, LM Briggs, JP McConnell, JD Crawford, ED Homan, K Donohue, R Parker, D Easterday, K Robertson, K Kaplan, S Wentland, M Hardy, L Roehrborn, C Ahrens, A McConnell, J Hall, D Cutts, D Carter, S Waldrep, K Schenkman, N Sanetrik, K Sihelnik, S Zorn, B McLeod, D Moul, J Peay, K Szkutnik, A Travis, J Brawer, M Earl, D Mayo, M Dixon, C Hirschfield, S Lepor, H Hoffman, D Brassil, D Castro, M Kramer, P Slawin, K Pavlik, V Morton, R Miles, B Harrison, S Valdez, R Foley, J Jones, A Thompson, I Morey, A Canby-Hagino, E Dobbs, R Rozanski, T Sloat, G Ramsdell, J Parman, Z Schmidt, J Albo, M Guy, H Eskew, D Sparks, D Menon, M David, C Kirkemo, A Diokno, A Burks, D Stricker, H Peabody, J Littleton, R Leemon, B Steinert, B Kuzara, J Peabody, M Lieber, M Smith, J Patterson, D Blute, M Van Oort, C Fitch, D Mann, D Hyland, K Wieland, H McVary, K Perez, E Grayhack, J Bushman, W Haldes, K Manzera, M Smith, J Hughes, B Milam, D Sisk, P Andriole, G Faust, J Sundaram, C Nicolai, C Johnson, A Shelly, N Foster, H Martin, T Anderson, K Puklin, C Chodkowshi, D Alfano, S Sopp, K Clarke, H Lopez, B Tenover, L Elmer, S Lachenmeyer, K Kreder, K Fearing, M See, W Ziegler, B Schultz, S Tuftee, T Jacobs, S Hershner, M Naslund, M Greene, B Markowitz, G Miller, GJ Lucia, MS Lepoff, R Covey-Magnuson, C Johnson, G Torkko, K Bautista, O Burrows, P Gersnoviez, R Bain, R Greenhouse, S Bamdad, J Mason, W Sherif, H Temprosa, M Minkoff, N Barry, M Bruskewitz, R Cockett, A Litwin, M Mostwin, J Reda, D Roberts, R Rous, S Williford, W Smith-West, D Greene, P Round, E Gormley, G Mallen, S Sigel, R Grossman, E CA MTOPS Res Grp TI The long-term effect of doxazosin, finasteride, and combination therapy on the clinical progression of benign prostatic hyperplasia SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID ACUTE URINARY RETENTION; AMERICAN-UROLOGICAL-ASSOCIATION; GOODNESS-OF-FIT; CONTROLLED TRIAL; TRACT SYMPTOMS; DOUBLE-BLIND; EFFICACY; MEN; PLACEBO; SAFETY AB BACKGROUND: Benign prostatic hyperplasia is commonly treated with alpha-adrenergic-receptor antagonists (alpha-blockers) or 5(alpha)-reductase inhibitors. The long-term effect of these drugs, singly or combined, on the risk of clinical progression is unknown. METHODS: We conducted a long-term, double-blind trial (mean follow-up, 4.5 years) involving 3047 men to compare the effects of placebo, doxazosin, finasteride, and combination therapy on measures of the clinical progression of benign prostatic hyperplasia. RESULTS: The risk of overall clinical progression -- defined as an increase above base line of at least 4 points in the American Urological Association symptom score, acute urinary retention, urinary incontinence, renal insufficiency, or recurrent urinary tract infection -- was significantly reduced by doxazosin (39 percent risk reduction, P<0.001) and finasteride (34 percent risk reduction, P=0.002), as compared with placebo. The reduction in risk associated with combination therapy (66 percent for the comparison with placebo, P<0.001) was significantly greater than that associated with doxazosin (P<0.001) or finasteride (P<0.001) alone. The risks of acute urinary retention and the need for invasive therapy were significantly reduced by combination therapy (P<0.001) and finasteride (P<0.001) but not by doxazosin. Doxazosin (P<0.001), finasteride (P=0.001), and combination therapy (P<0.001) each resulted in significant improvement in symptom scores, with combination therapy being superior to both doxazosin (P=0.006) and finasteride (P<0.001) alone. CONCLUSIONS: Long-term combination therapy with doxazosin and finasteride was safe and reduced the risk of overall clinical progression of benign prostatic hyperplasia significantly more than did treatment with either drug alone. Combination therapy and finasteride alone reduced the long-term risk of acute urinary retention and the need for invasive therapy. C1 Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Dallas, TX 75390 USA. George Washington Univ, Rockville, MD USA. Washington Univ, St Louis, MO USA. NYU, New York, NY USA. NIDDKD, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Northwestern Univ, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Denver, CO USA. William Beaumont Hosp, Royal Oak, MI 48072 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT USA. Univ Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. New York Presbyterian Hosp, New York, NY USA. Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA. Mayo Clin, Rochester, MN USA. Henry Ford Hosp, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN USA. Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Roehrborn, CG (reprint author), Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd,J8-130, Dallas, TX 75390 USA. RI Litwin, Mieczyslaw/C-3868-2012; Briggs, Josephine/B-9394-2009 OI Briggs, Josephine/0000-0003-0798-1190 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [U01 DK41418, U01 DK-49880, U01 DK-49960, U01 DK46416, U01 DK46429, U01 DK46431, U01 DK46437, U01 DK46468, U01 DK46472, U01 DK49912, U01 DK49951, U01 DK49954, U01 DK49963, U01 DK49964, U01 DK49971, U01 DK49977, U01 DK49980] NR 42 TC 902 Z9 977 U1 4 U2 32 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC/NEJM PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD DEC 18 PY 2003 VL 349 IS 25 BP 2387 EP 2398 DI 10.1056/NEJMoa030656 PG 12 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 754PJ UT WOS:000187326200004 PM 14681504 ER PT J AU Hartings, JA Rolli, ML Lu, XCM Tortella, FC AF Hartings, JA Rolli, ML Lu, XCM Tortella, FC TI Delayed secondary phase of peri-infarct depolarizations after focal cerebral ischemia: Relation to infarct growth and neuroprotection SO JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE spreading depression; peri-infarct depolarization; brain injury; direct current potential; penumbra; middle cerebral artery occlusion; focal cerebral ischemia ID CORTICAL SPREADING DEPRESSION; NEGATIVE DC DEFLECTIONS; ARTERY OCCLUSION; BLOOD-FLOW; RAT-BRAIN; CONANTOKIN-G; INJURY; ANTAGONIST; GLUTAMATE; CORTEX AB In focal cerebral ischemia, peri-infarct depolarizations (PIDs) cause an expansion of core-infarcted tissue into adjacent penumbral regions of reversible injury and have been shown to occur through 6 hr after injury. However, infarct maturation proceeds through 24 hr. Therefore, we studied PID occurrence through 72 hr after both transient and permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) via continuous DC recordings in nonanesthetized rats. PIDs occurred an average 13 times before reperfusion at 2 hr and then ceased for an average similar to8 hr. After this quiescent period, PID activity re-emerged in a secondary phase, which reached peak incidence at 13 hr and consisted of a mean 52 PIDs over 2 - 24 hr. This phase corresponded to the period of infarct maturation; rates of infarct growth through 24 hr coincided with changes in PID frequency and peaked at 13 hr. In permanent MCAo, PIDs also occurred in a biphasic pattern with a mean of 78 events over 2 - 24 hr. Parameters of secondary phase PID incidence correlated with infarct volumes in transient and permanent ischemia models. The role of secondary phase PIDs in infarct development was further investigated in transient MCAo by treating rats with a high-affinity NMDA receptor antagonist at 8 hr after injury, which reduced post-treatment PID incidence by 57% and provided 37% neuroprotection. Topographic mapping with multielectrode recordings revealed multiple sources of PID initiation and patterns of propagation. These results suggest that PIDs contribute to the recruitment of penumbral tissue into the infarct core even after the restoration of blood flow and throughout the period of infarct maturation. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Hartings, JA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 46 TC 98 Z9 104 U1 0 U2 4 PU SOC NEUROSCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 11 DUPONT CIRCLE, NW, STE 500, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0270-6474 J9 J NEUROSCI JI J. Neurosci. PD DEC 17 PY 2003 VL 23 IS 37 BP 11602 EP 11610 PG 9 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 755HL UT WOS:000187397400010 PM 14684862 ER PT J AU Isenbarger, DW Kent, SM O'Malley, PG AF Isenbarger, DW Kent, SM O'Malley, PG TI Meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials on the usefulness of acetylcysteine for prevention of contrast nephropathy SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ACUTE-RENAL-FAILURE; CORONARY INTERVENTION; N-ACETYLCYSTEINE; RISK-FACTORS; ANGIOGRAPHY; MORTALITY; HYDRATION AB Multiple small studies of oral N-acetylcysteine for prevention of contrast nephropathy have been performed, demonstrating variable efficacy. We performed a meta-analysis of the randomized clinical trials to clarify the degree of benefit. (C) 2003 by Excerpta Medica, Inc. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Cardiovasc Serv, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Gen Internal Med Serv, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. RP Isenbarger, DW (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Cardiovasc Serv, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. NR 20 TC 87 Z9 91 U1 0 U2 2 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 650 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-9149 J9 AM J CARDIOL JI Am. J. Cardiol. PD DEC 15 PY 2003 VL 92 IS 12 BP 1454 EP 1458 DI 10.1016/j.amjcard.2003.08.059 PG 5 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 753ZD UT WOS:000187277500018 PM 14675586 ER PT J AU Grujicic, M Saylor, JR Beasley, DE DeRosset, WS Helfritch, D AF Grujicic, M Saylor, JR Beasley, DE DeRosset, WS Helfritch, D TI Computational analysis of the interfacial bonding between feed-powder particles and the substrate in the cold-gas dynamic-spray process SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE dynamic cold-spray process; spray coating techniques ID CONSTITUTIVE MODEL; KINETIC SPRAY; COATINGS; DEPOSITION; VELOCITY AB The cold-gas dynamic-spray process is analyzed by numerical modeling of the impact between a single spherical feed-powder particle and a semi-infinite substrate. The numerical modeling approach is applied to the copper-aluminum system to help explain experimentally observed higher deposition efficiencies of the copper deposition on aluminum than the ones associated with the aluminum deposition on copper. To properly account for the high strain, high strain-rate deformation behavior of the two materials, the appropriate linear-elastic rate-dependent, temperature-dependent, strain-hardening materials constitutive models are used. The results obtained indicate that the two main factors contributing to the observed higher deposition efficiency in the case of copper deposition on aluminum are larger particle/substrate interfacial area and higher contact pressures. Both of these are the result of a larger kinetic energy associated with a heavier copper feed-powder particle. The character of the dominant particle/substrate bonding mechanism is also discussed in the present paper. It is argued that an interfacial instability which can lead to the formation of interfacial roll-ups and vortices can play a significant role in attaining the high strength of interfacial bonding. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Clemson Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. USA, Res Lab, Proc & Properties Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Grujicic, M (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Mech Engn, 241 Engn Innovat Bldg, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. NR 19 TC 213 Z9 233 U1 6 U2 49 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PD DEC 15 PY 2003 VL 219 IS 3-4 BP 211 EP 227 DI 10.1016/S0169-4332(03)00643-3 PG 17 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 759CT UT WOS:000187721300003 ER PT J AU Nasraway, SA Shorr, AF Kuter, DJ O'Grady, N Le, VH Cammarata, SK AF Nasraway, SA Shorr, AF Kuter, DJ O'Grady, N Le, VH Cammarata, SK TI Linezolid does not increase the risk of thrombocytopenia in patients with nosocomial pneumonia: Comparative analysis of linezolid and vancomycin use SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID INTENSIVE-CARE-UNIT; DRUG-INDUCED THROMBOCYTOPENIA; CRITICALLY ILL PATIENTS; DOUBLE-BLIND; MULTICENTER; EXPERIENCE AB Reports from uncontrolled studies suggest that linezolid is associated with rates of thrombocytopenia higher than those reported in clinical studies. We assessed the risk of thrombocytopenia in 686 patients with nosocomial pneumonia who received linezolid or vancomycin for greater than or equal to 5 days in 2 randomized, double- blind studies and for whom follow- up platelet counts had been measured. New- onset thrombocytopenia ( platelet count of < 150 x 10(9) platelets/ L) occurred in 19 ( 6.4%) of 295 linezolid recipients and 22 ( 7.7%) of 285 vancomycin recipients with baseline platelet counts of &GE; 150 x 10(9) platelets/ L; severe thrombocytopenia (platelet count of < 50 x 10(9) platelets/ L) occurred in only 1 patient in each group. Platelet counts decreased to less than the baseline level in 4 ( 6.6%) of 61 linezolid recipients and 5 ( 11.1%) of 45 vancomycin recipients who had baseline counts of < 150 x 10(9) platelets/ L. No patient had a decrease to < 20 x 10(9) platelets/ L. There were no statistically significant differences between groups in these or any other platelet assessments. Clinically significant thrombocytopenia was uncommon in our analysis, and linezolid was not associated with a greater risk of thrombocytopenia in seriously ill patients than was vancomycin. C1 Tufts Univ, Tufts New England Med Ctr, Sch Med, Dept Surg,Div Surg Crit Care, Boston, MA 02111 USA. Harvard Univ, Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Sch Med, Massachusetts Gen Hosp Canc Ctr,Hematol Div, Boston, MA USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Pulm & Crit Care Med Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NIH, Dept Crit Care Med, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Pharmacia, Clin Biostat, Peapack, NJ USA. Pharmacia, Infect Dis Clin Res, Peapack, NJ USA. RP Nasraway, SA (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Tufts New England Med Ctr, Sch Med, Dept Surg,Div Surg Crit Care, 750 Washington St,NEMC Box 4630, Boston, MA 02111 USA. NR 23 TC 47 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD DEC 15 PY 2003 VL 37 IS 12 BP 1609 EP 1616 DI 10.1086/379327 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 749VJ UT WOS:000186949300015 PM 14689341 ER PT J AU Edstein, MD Kocisko, DA Walsh, DS Eamsila, C Charles, BG Rieckmann, KH AF Edstein, MD Kocisko, DA Walsh, DS Eamsila, C Charles, BG Rieckmann, KH TI Plasma concentrations of tafenoquine, a new long-acting antimalarial agent, in Thai soldiers receiving monthly prophylaxis SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; WR-238605; PHARMACOKINETICS; ACETYLATION; PRIMAQUINE; DAPSONE; TRIAL AB We measured plasma tafenoquine concentrations in Thai soldiers given a monthly regimen of tafenoquine to determine whether these concentrations adequately suppressed malarial infections on the Thai- Cambodian border. After receiving a treatment course of artesunate and doxycycline, 104 male soldiers were administered a loading dose of tafenoquine ( 400 mg daily for 3 days), followed by tafenoquine monthly ( 400 mg every 4 weeks) for 5 months. Consecutive monthly mean ( +/- standard deviation) trough plasma tafenoquine concentrations were 223 +/- 41, 127 +/- 29, 157 +/- 51. 120 +/- 24, and 88 +/- ng/ mL. Only 1 soldier developed malaria during the study. At the time of malaria diagnosis, his plasma tafenoquine concentration was 40 ng/ mL, which was similar to 3- fold lower than the trough concentrations of the other soldiers. Although low tafenoquine concentrations appear to be uncommon, additional investigations are needed to determine the relationship between plasma tafenoquine concentrations and suppression of malaria. C1 Australian Army Malaria Inst, Enoggera, Qld 4051, Australia. Univ Queensland, Sch Pharm, Australian Ctr Paediat Pharmacokinet, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, US Army & Thai Med Components, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. RP Edstein, MD (reprint author), Australian Army Malaria Inst, Enoggera, Qld 4051, Australia. RI Charles, Bruce/G-4411-2010; Charles, Bruce/A-3828-2012 NR 15 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 3 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD DEC 15 PY 2003 VL 37 IS 12 BP 1654 EP 1658 DI 10.1086/379718 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 749VJ UT WOS:000186949300022 PM 14689348 ER PT J AU Sun, PF Schwenk, R White, K Stoute, JA Cohen, J Ballou, WR Voss, G Kester, KE Heppner, DG Krzych, U AF Sun, PF Schwenk, R White, K Stoute, JA Cohen, J Ballou, WR Voss, G Kester, KE Heppner, DG Krzych, U TI Protective immunity induced with malaria vaccine, RTS,S, is linked to Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein-specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells producing IFN-gamma SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID EXOGENOUS ANTIGEN; RESPONSES; INDUCTION; SPOROZOITES; EFFICACY; LYMPHOCYTES; ANTIBODIES; IMMUNOGENICITY; ASSOCIATION; VOLUNTEERS AB The Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite (CS) protein-based pre-erythrocytic stage vaccine, RTS,S, induces a high level of protection against experimental sporozoite challenge. The immune mechanisms that constitute protection are only partially understood, but are presumed to rely on Abs and T cell responses. In the present study we compared CS protein peptide-recalled IFN-gamma reactivity of pre- and RTS,S-immune lymphocytes from 20 subjects vaccinated with RTS,S. We observed elevated IFN-gamma in subjects protected by RTS,S; moreover, both CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells produced IFN-gamma in response to CS protein peptides. Significantly, protracted protection, albeit observed only in two of seven subjects, was associated with sustained IFN-gamma response. This is the first study demonstrating correlation in a controlled Plasmodia sporozoite challenge study between protection induced by a recombinant malaria vaccine and Ag-specific T cell responses. Field-based malaria vaccine studies are in progress to validate the establishment of this cellular response as a possible in vitro correlate of protective immunity to exo-erythrocytic stage malaria vaccines. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Dept Immunol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. GlaxoSmithKline Biol, Rixensart, Belgium. RP Krzych, U (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Dept Immunol, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RI Kester, Kent/A-2114-2011 OI Kester, Kent/0000-0002-5056-0802 FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI46433] NR 37 TC 158 Z9 160 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD DEC 15 PY 2003 VL 171 IS 12 BP 6961 EP 6967 PG 7 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 753JF UT WOS:000187227700082 PM 14662904 ER PT J AU Jensen, JO AF Jensen, JO TI Vibrational frequencies and structural determination of 3,5-dimethyl-1,2,4-trithia-3,5-diborolane SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE-THEOCHEM LA English DT Article DE vibrations; normal mode frequencies; infrared spectra; Raman spectra; 3,5-dimethyl-1,2,4-trithia-3,5-diborolane; trithiadiborolane ID MOLECULAR-STRUCTURE; SYSTEMS; BORON; RING; SULFUR; 1,4-DITHIA-2,6-DIAZA-3,5-DIBORINANES; TRITHIADIBOROLANE; CHEMISTRY; CRYSTAL AB The normal mode frequencies and corresponding vibrational assignments of 3,5-dimethyl-1,2,4-trithia-3,5-diborolane (B-2(CH3)(2)S-3) are examined theoretically using the GAUSSIAN98 set of quantum chemistry codes. All normal modes were successfully assigned to one of 10 types of motion predicted by a group theoretical analysis (B-S stretch, B-C stretch, SS stretch, C-H stretch, S-B-S bend, B-C bend, B(CSS) umbrella motion, H-C-H bend, CH3 rock, and CH3 twist) utilizing the C-2nu symmetry of the molecule. The vibrational modes of the naturally isotopically substituted (1-B-10 and 2-B-10) forms of B-2(CH3)(2)S-3 were also calculated and compared against experimental data. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB, RRT,DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Jensen, JO (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB, RRT,DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 44 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-1280 J9 J MOL STRUC-THEOCHEM JI Theochem-J. Mol. Struct. PD DEC 15 PY 2003 VL 664 BP 1 EP 14 DI 10.1016/S0166-1280(02)00418-9 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 753HQ UT WOS:000187226300001 ER PT J AU Jensen, JO AF Jensen, JO TI Vibrational frequencies and structural determination of Al4S6 SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE-THEOCHEM LA English DT Article DE vibrations; normal mode frequencies; infrared spectra; Raman spectra; Al4S6; aluminum sulfide ID SPECTRA; SULFIDE; DENSITY AB The normal mode frequencies and corresponding vibrational assignments of Al4S6 in T-d symmetry are examined theoretically using the GAUSSIAN 98 set of quantum chemistry codes. All normal modes were successfully assigned to one of three types of motion predicted by a group theoretical analysis. Molecular orbitals and bonding are examined. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB, RRT,DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB, RRT,DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM jim.jensen@us.army.mil NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-1280 J9 J MOL STRUC-THEOCHEM JI Theochem-J. Mol. Struct. PD DEC 15 PY 2003 VL 664 BP 37 EP 45 DI 10.1016/S0166-1280(03)00565-7 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 753HQ UT WOS:000187226300005 ER PT J AU Jensen, JO Gilliam, SJ Banerjee, A Zeroka, D Kirkby, SJ Merrow, CN AF Jensen, JO Gilliam, SJ Banerjee, A Zeroka, D Kirkby, SJ Merrow, CN TI A theoretical study of As4O6: vibrational analysis, infrared and Raman spectra SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE-THEOCHEM LA English DT Article DE vibrational spectra; infrared spectra; Raman spectra; arsenic trioxide; theory; As2O3; As4O6 ID CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; 3RD-ROW ATOMS; GA-KR; SPECTROSCOPY; P4O6; ARSENOLITE; PHOSPHATE; SB4O6; REFINEMENT AB The first complete ab initio theoretical study of tetraarsenic hexoxide (As4O6) is reported. The normal mode frequencies, intensities and the corresponding vibrational assignments of As4O6 in T-d symmetry were calculated using the GAUSSIAN 98 set of quantum chemistry codes at the HF, MP2, and DFT/B3LYP levels of theory using the 6-311G* basis set. By comparison to experimental data deduced by our laboratory and others, correction factors for the calculated vibrational frequencies were determined and compared. Normal modes were decomposed into three non-redundant motions (As-O-As stretch, As-O-As bend, and As-O-As wag). Percent relative errors found for the HF, DFT, and MP2 corrected frequencies when compared to experiment are 3.6, 4.6, and 5.0, respectively. Electron distributions for selected molecular orbitals are also considered. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB, RRT,DP, Aberdeen, MD 21010 USA. Univ Missouri, Dept Chem, Rolla, MO 65409 USA. Lehigh Univ, Dept Chem, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. RP USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB, RRT,DP, Aberdeen, MD 21010 USA. EM james.jensen@sbccom.apgea.army.mil; gilliam@umr.edu; ajit.banerjee@sbccom.apgea.army.mil; dz00@lehigh.edu; skirkby@umr.edu; merrow@umr.edu NR 41 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-1280 J9 J MOL STRUC-THEOCHEM JI Theochem-J. Mol. Struct. PD DEC 15 PY 2003 VL 664 BP 145 EP 156 DI 10.1016/j.theochem.2003.08.109 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 753HQ UT WOS:000187226300013 ER PT J AU Hommerich, U Nyein, EE Lee, DS Heikenfeld, J Steckl, AJ Zavada, JM AF Hommerich, U Nyein, EE Lee, DS Heikenfeld, J Steckl, AJ Zavada, JM TI Photoluminescence studies of rare earth (Er, Eu, Tm) in situ doped GaN SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING B-SOLID STATE MATERIALS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the European-Materials-Research-Society (EMRS) CY JUN 10-13, 2003 CL STRASBOURG, FRANCE SP European Mat Res Soc DE rare earth; GaN; AlGaN; luminescence ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; IMPLANTED GAN; LUMINESCENCE PROPERTIES; ELECTROLUMINESCENT DEVICES; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; VISIBLE EMISSION; EXCITATION; ERBIUM; GROWTH; MECHANISM AB The emission properties of rare earth (RE)-doped GaN are of significant current interest for applications in full color displays, white lighting technology, and optical communications. We are currently investigating the photoluminescence (PL) properties of RE (Er, Eu, Tm)-doped GaN thin-films prepared by solid-source molecular beam epitaxy. The most intense visible PL under above-gap excitation is observed from GaN:Eu (red: 622 nm) followed by GaN:Er (green: 537 nm, 558 nm), and then GaN:Tm (blue: 479 nm). In this paper, we present spectroscopic results on the Ga-flux dependence of the Er3+ PL properties from GaN:Er and we report on the identification of different Eu3+ centers in GaN:Eu through high-resolution PL excitation (PLE) studies. In addition, we observed an enhancement of the blue Tm3+ PL from AlGaN:Tm compared to GaN:Tm. Intense blue PL from Tm3+ ions was also obtained from AlN:Tm under below-gap pumping. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Hampton Univ, Dept Phys, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Nanoelect Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. USA, Res Off, Durham, NC 27709 USA. RP Hommerich, U (reprint author), Hampton Univ, Dept Phys, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. OI Steckl, Andrew/0000-0002-1868-4442 NR 39 TC 64 Z9 64 U1 1 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5107 J9 MAT SCI ENG B-SOLID JI Mater. Sci. Eng. B-Solid State Mater. Adv. Technol. PD DEC 15 PY 2003 VL 105 IS 1-3 BP 91 EP 96 DI 10.1016/j.mseb.2003.08.022 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 756GK UT WOS:000187457300022 ER PT J AU Zavada, JM Lin, JY Jiang, HX Chow, P Hertog, B Hommerich, U Nyein, EE Jenkinson, HA AF Zavada, JM Lin, JY Jiang, HX Chow, P Hertog, B Hommerich, U Nyein, EE Jenkinson, HA TI Synthesis and optical characterization of erbium-doped III-N double heterostructures SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING B-SOLID STATE MATERIALS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the European-Materials-Research-Society (EMRS) CY JUN 10-13, 2003 CL STRASBOURG, FRANCE SP European Mat Res Soc DE erbium; AlGaN; double heterostructures; quantum well; luminescence ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; LUMINESCENCE PROPERTIES; GAN; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; EMISSION; GROWTH AB We report on the first successful synthesis of Er-doped III-N double heterostructures (DHs) grown on sapphire substrates. AlGaN layers, with an Al concentration of similar to12%, were prepared by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition and Er-doped GaN layers by molecular beam epitaxy. The Er concentration was estimated to be similar to10(18) cm(-3). GaN:Er/AlGaN single heterostructures (SHs) and AlGaN/GaN:Er/AlGaN DHs were studied using photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. Emission lines characteristic of the GaN:Er system (green: 537 and 558 nm, infrared: 1530 nm) were observed in all samples. With UV excitation, the infrared PL from the DHs showed a marked improvement compared to the SHs. The PL intensity increased and the spectra showed less defect-related emission. The enhanced PL properties may be due to more effective confinement of electron-hole pairs in the quantum well region. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Off, Durham, NC USA. Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. SVT Associates Inc, Eden Prairie, MN 55344 USA. Hampton Univ, Dept Phys, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. USA, TACOM, ARDEC, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. RP Zavada, JM (reprint author), USA, Res Off, Durham, NC USA. RI Lin, Jingyu/A-7276-2011; Jiang, Hongxing/F-3635-2011 OI Lin, Jingyu/0000-0003-1705-2635; Jiang, Hongxing/0000-0001-9892-4292 NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5107 J9 MAT SCI ENG B-SOLID JI Mater. Sci. Eng. B-Solid State Mater. Adv. Technol. PD DEC 15 PY 2003 VL 105 IS 1-3 BP 118 EP 121 DI 10.1016/j.mseb.2003.08.028 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 756GK UT WOS:000187457300028 ER PT J AU Pelle, F Auzel, F Zavada, JM Lee, DS Steckl, AJ AF Pelle, F Auzel, F Zavada, JM Lee, DS Steckl, AJ TI New spectroscopic data of erbium ions in GaN thin films SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING B-SOLID STATE MATERIALS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the European-Materials-Research-Society (EMRS) CY JUN 10-13, 2003 CL STRASBOURG, FRANCE SP European Mat Res Soc DE rare earth; GaN; luminescence; spectroscopy ID CRYSTAL-FIELD STRENGTH; ER DOPED GAN; LUMINESCENCE; EMISSION AB Optical properties of erbium ions in MBE-grown GaN-thin films are reported. Three types of sites were identified using site selective laser excitation. The main center is ascribed to the Er3+ ions substituted in the Ga sub-lattice while the two other centers are assigned to Er-related defects. The lifetimes of the S-4(3/2) and I-4(3/2) multiplets of the main center are strongly quenched with increasing Er concentration. The complex decay profile of the visible fluorescence and its concentration dependence were modeled and interpreted using the diffusion-limited model. The dynamics of the infrared emission at 1.54 mum from the I-4(3/2) multiplet after excitation in the visible range is discussed. The crystal field strength of Er3+ in GaN was deduced from the overall crystal field splitting of the ground multiplet. Comparison of the results with those obtained in inorganic materials indicates that the rare earth is well embedded in the semiconductor host and not in a impurity oxide phase. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 CNRS, UMR7574, F-92195 Meudon, France. USA, Res Off, Div Elect, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Nanoelect Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. RP Pelle, F (reprint author), CNRS, UMR7574, 1,Pl Aristide Briand, F-92195 Meudon, France. OI Steckl, Andrew/0000-0002-1868-4442 NR 21 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5107 J9 MAT SCI ENG B-SOLID JI Mater. Sci. Eng. B-Solid State Mater. Adv. Technol. PD DEC 15 PY 2003 VL 105 IS 1-3 BP 126 EP 131 DI 10.1016/j.mseb.2003.08.030 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 756GK UT WOS:000187457300030 ER PT J AU Meoli, AL Rosen, CL Kristo, D Kohrman, M Gooneratne, N Aguillard, RN Fayle, R Troell, R Kramer, R Casey, KR Coleman, J AF Meoli, AL Rosen, CL Kristo, D Kohrman, M Gooneratne, N Aguillard, RN Fayle, R Troell, R Kramer, R Casey, KR Coleman, J TI Upper airway management of the adult patient with obstructive sleep apnea in the perioperative period - Avoiding complications SO SLEEP LA English DT Article DE obstructive sleep apnea; sleep disordered breathing; apnea; anesthesia; perioperative ID MIDDLE-AGED MEN; ANESTHETIC MANAGEMENT; PICKWICKIAN-SYNDROME; TRACHEAL INTUBATION; CLINICAL-ASSESSMENT; GENERAL-ANESTHESIA; EPIDURAL MORPHINE; PRESSURE THERAPY; RISK; SURGERY AB Purpose: To help practitioners avoid adverse perioperative events in patients with obstructive sleep-disordered breathing. Reviewers: Members of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine's Clinical Practice Review Committee. Methods: A search of MEDLINE database using MeSH terms apnea, obstructive sleep apnea and anesthesia was conducted in October 2001. This review focuses on articles published in English between 1985 and 2001 that pertain to non-upper airway surgery in obstructive sleep apnea patients. Results and Conclusions: Scientific literature regarding the perioperative risk and best management techniques for OSAHS patients is scanty and of limited quality. There is insufficient information to develop an AASM standards of practice recommendation. Therefore, the Clinical Practice Review Committee (CPRC) used the available data to make this statement based upon a consensus of clinical experience and published peer-reviewed medical evidence. Important components of the perioperative management of OSAHS patients include a high degree of clinical suspicion, control of the airway throughout the perioperative period, judicious use of medications, and appropriate monitoring. Further research is needed to define the magnitude of risk and optimal perioperative care. Synonyms: Obstructive Sleep Apnea Hypopnea Syndrome (OSAHS), Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS), Sleep Disordered Breathing (SDB), and Obstructive Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome (OAHS). C1 St Johns Reg Med Ctr, Joplin, MO USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, Rainbow Babies & Childrens Hosp, Sch Med, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Penn, Div Geriatr Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Ctr Sleep & Resp Neurobiol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Methodist Hosp, Methodist Sleep Disorders Ctr, Memphis, TN USA. Univ Texas, Pk Plaza Hosp, Sch Med, Sleep Disorders Ctr, Houston, TX USA. Beauty Design, Las Vegas, NV USA. Colorado Sleep Disorders Ctr, Englewood, CO USA. Sleepwell Diagnost Ctr, S Jordan, UT USA. Middle Tennessee Med Ctr, Murfreesboro, TN USA. RP Meoli, AL (reprint author), Amer Acad Sleep Med, Clin Practice Review Comm Care, 1 Westbrook Corp Ctr,Ste 920, Westchester, IL 60154 USA. NR 65 TC 56 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ACADEMY SLEEP MEDICINE PI WESTCHESTER PA ONE WESTBROOK CORPORATE CENTER STE 920, WESTCHESTER, IL 60154 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PD DEC 15 PY 2003 VL 26 IS 8 BP 1060 EP 1065 PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 764KC UT WOS:000188205200026 PM 14746392 ER PT J AU Geisbert, TW Hensley, LE Jahrling, PB Larsen, T Geisbert, JB Paragas, J Young, HA Fredeking, TM Rote, WE Vlasuk, GP AF Geisbert, TW Hensley, LE Jahrling, PB Larsen, T Geisbert, JB Paragas, J Young, HA Fredeking, TM Rote, WE Vlasuk, GP TI Treatment of Ebola virus infection with a recombinant inhibitor of factor Vila/tissue factor: a study in rhesus monkeys SO LANCET LA English DT Article ID ANTICOAGULANT PROTEIN C2; DISSEMINATED INTRAVASCULAR COAGULATION; TISSUE FACTOR/FACTOR-VIIA; FACTOR VIIA/TISSUE FACTOR; FACTOR PATHWAY; IN-VITRO; ACTIVATION; MECHANISMS; RELEASE; COMPLEX AB Background Infection with the Ebola virus induces overexpression of the procoagulant tissue factor in primate monocytes and macrophages, suggesting that inhibition of the tissue-factor pathway could ameliorate the effects of Ebola haemorrhagic fever. Here, we tested the notion that blockade of fVIIa/tissue factor is beneficial after infection with Ebola virus. Methods We used a rhesus macaque model of Ebola haemorrhagic fever, which produces near 100% mortality. We administered recombinant nematode anticoagulant protein c2 (rNAPc2), a potent inhibitor of tissue factor-initiated blood coagulation, to the macaques either 10 min (n=6) or 24 h (n=3) after a high-dose lethal injection of Ebola virus. Three animals served as untreated Ebola virus-positive controls. Historical controls were also used in some analyses. Findings Both treatment regimens prolonged survival time, with a 33% survival rate in each treatment group. Survivors are still alive and healthy after 9 months. All but one of the 17 controls died. The mean survival for the six rNAPc2-treated macaques that died was 11.7 days compared with 8.3 days for untreated controls (p=0.0184). rNAPc2 attenuated the coagulation response as evidenced by modulation of various important coagulation factors, including plasma D dimers, which were reduced in nearly all treated animals; less prominent fibrin deposits and intravascular thromboemboli were observed in tissues of some animals that succumbed to Ebola virus. Furthermore, rNAPc2 attenuated the proinflammatory response with lower plasma concentrations of interleukin 6 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) noted in the treated than in the untreated macaques. Interpretation Post-exposure protection with rNAPc2 against Ebola virus in primates provides a new foundation for therapeutic regimens that target the disease process rather than viral replication. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Pathol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NCI, Cellular & Mol Immunol Sect, Expt Immunol Lab, FCRDC, Frederick, MD USA. Antibody Syst, Hurst, TX USA. Corvas Int, San Diego, CA USA. RP Geisbert, TW (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 20 TC 204 Z9 222 U1 1 U2 26 PU LANCET LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD DEC 13 PY 2003 VL 362 IS 9400 BP 1953 EP 1958 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(03)15012-X PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 753BC UT WOS:000187210700006 PM 14683653 ER PT J AU Adams, SR Adams, GL Hoover, JJ AF Adams, SR Adams, GL Hoover, JJ TI Oral grasping: A distinctive behavior of cyprinids for maintaining station in flowing water SO COPEIA LA English DT Article ID AMERICAN STREAM FISHES; SWIMMING PERFORMANCE; SHINER; SELECTION; EXERCISE; VELOCITY; SALMON AB We examined oral grasping behavior, a unique and relatively unknown method of maintaining station against flow, in nine species of North American cyprinids to determine whether oral grasping was used by a range of cyprinid species and to further investigate the relationship between oral grasping and water velocity. Fish were subjected to a stepwise increasing velocity test in a 100-liter laboratory swim tunnel that had wire mesh (0.6-mm diameter) attached to a flow filter serving as the grasping substrate. Frequency and duration of oral grasping events were noted for a particular fish during each velocity increment. We observed 608 grasping events, and oral grasping behavior was exhibited by all nine species examined. Mean number of grasping events was high (28.4/trial) for Cyprinella venusta, intermediate (approximately 18/trial) for Cyprinella camura, and Notropis longirostris, and low (<5/trial) for Notropis texanus, Notropis maculatus, and Notropis wickliffi. Although critical swimming speed varied among species, the water velocity at which oral grasping behavior initially appeared (threshold grasping velocity), expressed as a percentage of critical swimming speed, was approximately 70-80% for most species tested. Oral grasping may be triggered by the onset of muscular fatigue, and is an attempt by minnows to maintain position in water velocities exceeding aerobic swimming ability. We speculate that minnows in lotic environments use oral grasping when high, energetically demanding water velocities are unavoidable, such as during a flood. C1 USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Waterways Expt Stn, ERA, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Adams, SR (reprint author), Univ Cent Arkansas, Dept Biol, Lewis Sci Ctr 180, Conway, AR 72035 USA. NR 28 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER SOC ICHTHYOLOGISTS HERPETOLOGISTS PI CHARLESTON PA UNIV CHARLESTON, GRICE MARINE LABORATORY, 205 FORT JOHNSON RD, CHARLESTON, SC 29412 USA SN 0045-8511 J9 COPEIA JI Copeia PD DEC 4 PY 2003 IS 4 BP 851 EP 857 DI 10.1643/i202-261.1 PG 7 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 751LR UT WOS:000187069000019 ER PT J AU Pickhardt, PJ Choi, JR Hwang, I Butler, JA Puckett, ML Hildebrandt, HA Wong, RK Nugent, PA Mysliwiec, PA Schindler, WR AF Pickhardt, PJ Choi, JR Hwang, I Butler, JA Puckett, ML Hildebrandt, HA Wong, RK Nugent, PA Mysliwiec, PA Schindler, WR TI Computed tomographic virtual colonoscopy to screen for colorectal neoplasia in asymptomatic adults SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CT COLONOGRAPHY; PERFORMANCE-CHARACTERISTICS; POLYPS; CANCER; MULTICENTER; SIZE AB BACKGROUND: We evaluated the performance characteristics of computed tomographic (CT) virtual colonoscopy for the detection of colorectal neoplasia in an average-risk screening population. METHODS: A total of 1233 asymptomatic adults (mean age, 57.8 years) underwent same-day virtual and optical colonoscopy. Radiologists used the three-dimensional endoluminal display for the initial detection of polyps on CT virtual colonoscopy. For the initial examination of each colonic segment, the colonoscopists were unaware of the findings on virtual colonoscopy, which were revealed to them before any subsequent reexamination. The sensitivity and specificity of virtual colonoscopy and the sensitivity of optical colonoscopy were calculated with the use of the findings of the final, unblinded optical colonoscopy as the reference standard. RESULTS: The sensitivity of virtual colonoscopy for adenomatous polyps was 93.8 percent for polyps at least 10 mm in diameter, 93.9 percent for polyps at least 8 mm in diameter, and 88.7 percent for polyps at least 6 mm in diameter. The sensitivity of optical colonoscopy for adenomatous polyps was 87.5 percent, 91.5 percent, and 92.3 percent for the three sizes of polyps, respectively. The specificity of virtual colonoscopy for adenomatous polyps was 96.0 percent for polyps at least 10 mm in diameter, 92.2 percent for polyps at least 8 mm in diameter, and 79.6 percent for polyps at least 6 mm in diameter. Two polyps were malignant; both were detected on virtual colonoscopy, and one of them was missed on optical colonoscopy before the results on virtual colonoscopy were revealed. CONCLUSIONS: CT virtual colonoscopy with the use of a three-dimensional approach is an accurate screening method for the detection of colorectal neoplasia in asymptomatic average-risk adults and compares favorably with optical colonoscopy in terms of the detection of clinically relevant lesions. C1 Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Radiol, Bethesda, MD USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Gastroenterol, Bethesda, MD USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, F Edward Hebert Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NCI, Div Canc Prevent, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Gastroenterol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Radiol, San Diego, CA USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Gastroenterol, San Diego, CA USA. RP Pickhardt, PJ (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Dept Radiol, E3-311 Clin Sci Ctr,600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792 USA. EM ppickhardt@mail.radiology.wisc.edu NR 33 TC 1213 Z9 1245 U1 2 U2 21 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC/NEJM PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD DEC 4 PY 2003 VL 349 IS 23 BP 2191 EP 2200 DI 10.1056/NEJMoa031618 PG 10 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 749LH UT WOS:000186921700005 PM 14657426 ER PT J AU O'Malley, PG AF O'Malley, PG TI Lost in translation SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP O'Malley, PG (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC/NEJM PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD DEC 4 PY 2003 VL 349 IS 23 BP 2273 EP 2274 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 749LH UT WOS:000186921700033 PM 14657443 ER PT J AU Work, TM Rameyer, RA Takata, G Kent, ML AF Work, TM Rameyer, RA Takata, G Kent, ML TI Protozoal and epitheliocystis-like infections in the introduced bluestripe snapper Lutjanus kasmira in Hawaii SO DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS LA English DT Article DE bluestripe snapper; Lutjanus kasmira; Apicomplexa; protozoa; epitheliocystis-like organism; pathology; epizootiology ID HERRING CLUPEA-HARENGUS; SPARUS-AURATA; APICOMPLEXA; MORTALITY; LIVER; FISH; POPULATIONS; PARASITES; PACIFIC; DISEASE AB The bluestripe snapper, or taape, was introduced into Hawaii in the 1950s and has since become very abundant throughout the archipelago. As part of a health survey of reef fish in Hawaii, we necropsied 120 taape collected from various coastal areas south of Oahu and examined fish histology for extraintestinal organisms. Forty-seven percent of taape were infected with an apicomplexan protozoan compatible with a coccidian. Infection was evident mainly in the spleen and, less commonly, the kidney. Prevalence of this coccidian increased with size of fish, and we saw no significant pathology associated with the organism. Twenty-six percent of taape were also infected with an epitheliocystis-like organism that occurred mainly in the kidney and, less commonly, the spleen. In contrast to the coccidian, fish mounted a notable inflammatory response to the epitheliocystis-like organism, and this inflammation appeared to increase in severity with age. Prevalence of the epitheliocystis-like organism infection increased with age, but infection was not seen in fish greater than 26.5 cm fork length. The high prevalence of coccidial infection in introduced taape prompts the concern that these organisms, along with the epitheliocystis-like organism, have the potential to be transmitted to native reef fish. Given the impact of other introduced microbial organisms on native Hawaiian fauna, there is a clear need to assess whether protozoa and bacteria are endemic to Hawaii, and whether they negatively impact native reef fish that closely associate with taape. C1 US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Hawaii Field Stn, Honolulu, HI 96850 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Oregon State Univ, Ctr Fish Dis Res, Dept Microbiol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Work, TM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Hawaii Field Stn, 300 Ala Moana Blvd,Room 5-231, Honolulu, HI 96850 USA. EM thierry_work@usgs.gov RI Work, Thierry/F-1550-2015 OI Work, Thierry/0000-0002-4426-9090 NR 37 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 7 PU INTER-RESEARCH PI OLDENDORF LUHE PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY SN 0177-5103 J9 DIS AQUAT ORGAN JI Dis. Aquat. Org. PD DEC 3 PY 2003 VL 57 IS 1-2 BP 59 EP 66 DI 10.3354/dao057059 PG 8 WC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences SC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences GA 779CH UT WOS:000189277700008 PM 14735922 ER PT J AU Strode, CA Rubal, BJ Gerhardt, RT Christopher, FL Bulgrin, JR Kinkler, ES Bauch, TD Boyd, SYN AF Strode, CA Rubal, BJ Gerhardt, RT Christopher, FL Bulgrin, JR Kinkler, ES Bauch, TD Boyd, SYN TI Satellite and mobile wireless transmission of focused assessment with sonography in trauma SO ACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the National-Association-of-Emergency-Medical-Services-Physicians CY JAN, 2003 CL PANAMA CITY, FLORIDA SP Natl Assoc Emergency Med Serv Phys DE FAST; telemedicine; prehospital; satellite; VSAT; INMARSAT; LifeLink ID ULTRASOUND; EMERGENCY AB Objectives: Focused assessment with sonography in trauma (FAST) can define life-threatening injuries in austere settings with remote real-time review by experienced physicians. This study evaluates vest-mounted microwave, satellite, and LifeLink communications technology for image clarity and diagnostic accuracy during remote transmission of FAST examinations. Methods: Using a SonoSite, FAST was obtained on three patients with pericardial and intraperitoneal effusions and two control subjects in a remotely located U.S. Army Combat Support Hospital. A miniature vest-mounted video transmitter attached to the SonoSite sent wireless ultrasound video 20 m to a receiving antenna. The signal was then transferred over VSAT satellite systems at 512 kilobaud per second (kbps), INMARSAT satellite systems at 64 kbps, and over LifeLink on a moving ambulance through a metropolitan wireless traffic-management network. Clarity and absence or presence of effusions were recorded by 15 staff emergency physicians. Results: Average sensitivity specificity, and accuracy were 87% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 79% to 95%), 85% (95% Cl = 81% to 89%), and 86% (95% Cl = 82% to 90%) for the Premier Wireless Vest; 98% (95% Cl = 97% to 99%),83% (95% Cl = 75% to 91%), and 86% (95% CI = 82% to 90%) for VSAT, 95% (95% Cl 94% to 96%),70% (95% Cl = 58% to 82%), and 75% (95% Cl = 70% to 80%) for INMARSAT, and 82% (95% Cl = 73% to 91%), 83% (95% CI = 74% to 92%), and 82% (95% CI = 78% to 86%) for LifeLink with clarity of 3.0 (95% Cl = 2.7 to 3.3), 2.9 (95% Cl = 2.6 to 3.2),1.3 (95% Cl = 1.2 to 1.4), and 2.1 (95% Cl 1.8 to 2.4), respectively. Conclusions: Accuracy correlated with clarity. Roaming vest transmission of FAST provides interpretable, diagnostic imagery at the distances used in this study. VSAT provided the best clarity and diagnostic value with the lighter, more portable INMARSAT serving a lesser role for remote clinical interpretation. LifeLink performed well, and further infrastructure improvements may increase clarity and accuracy. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio Uniformed Serv Hlth Educ Consortium, Dept Emergency Med, MCHE EMR, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Cardiol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. SW Res Inst, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Strode, CA (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio Uniformed Serv Hlth Educ Consortium, Dept Emergency Med, MCHE EMR, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 4 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 4 PU HANLEY & BELFUS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 210 S 13TH ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19107 USA SN 1069-6563 J9 ACAD EMERG MED JI Acad. Emerg. Med. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 10 IS 12 BP 1411 EP 1414 DI 10.1197/S1069-6563(03)00547-5 PG 4 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 751YG UT WOS:000187117600022 PM 14644799 ER PT J AU Harris, ME Maayan, S Kim, B Zeira, M Ferrari, G Birx, DL McCutchan, FE AF Harris, ME Maayan, S Kim, B Zeira, M Ferrari, G Birx, DL McCutchan, FE TI A cluster of HIV type 1 subtype C sequences from Ethiopia, observed in full genome analysis, is not sustained in subgenomic regions SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article ID LONG TERMINAL REPEAT; VACCINE DEVELOPMENT; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; MOLECULAR-CLONING; LENGTH SEQUENCE; INTERSUBTYPE RECOMBINANTS; GENETIC DIVERSITY; SOUTH-AFRICA; V3 SEQUENCES; ADDIS-ABABA AB The impact of HIV- 1 genetic diversity on candidate vaccines is uncertain. One approach to minimize genetic diversity in the evaluation of HIV- 1 vaccines is to match the vaccine sequence to the predominant subtype in a vaccine cohort. Over two million Ethiopians are infected with HIV- 1, and the predominant subtype is thought to be subtype C. Understanding the phylogenetic relationships between sequences from Ethiopia and within subtype C can help decide what sequence( s) should comprise a candidate vaccine. To that end, nearly full genome sequencing was used to characterize HIV- 1 from volunteers who emigrated from Ethiopia. DNA extracted from peripheral blood mononuclear cells ( PMBC) was amplified using primers in the long terminal repeats to generate nearly full- length genomes. Amplicons were directly sequenced with dye terminators and automated sequencers. Sequences were phylogenetically analyzed by neighbor joining. The six new Ethiopian sequences were all subtype C, consistent with previous partial and full genome analysis. Together with two other Ethiopian sequences, the new sequences formed a geographic cluster when the complete genome was analyzed. However, subgenomic trees showed only a weak geographic cluster, or none, with respect to Ethiopian strains. Although immunological responses must be considered, from a phylogenetic perspective, there is no compelling support for use of Ethiopian subtype C sequences, compared to other subtype C, as vaccine prototype strains. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Hadassah Univ Hosp, IL-91120 Jerusalem, Israel. Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Duke Univ, Durham, NC USA. RP Harris, ME (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, 1 Taft Court,Suite 250, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. RI Ferrari, Guido/A-6088-2015 NR 60 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 19 IS 12 BP 1125 EP 1133 DI 10.1089/088922203771881220 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 757JP UT WOS:000187559500009 PM 14709249 ER PT J AU Shry, EA Eckart, RE Furgerson, JL Stajduhar, KC Krasuski, RA AF Shry, EA Eckart, RE Furgerson, JL Stajduhar, KC Krasuski, RA TI Addition of right-sided and posterior precordial leads during stress testing SO AMERICAN HEART JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 52nd Annual Scientific Session of the American-College-of-Cardiology CY MAR 30-APR 02, 2003 CL CHICAGO, ILLINOIS SP Amer Coll Cardiol ID CORONARY-ARTERY DISEASE; EXERCISE ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; DIAGNOSIS; V4R AB Background Exercise treadmill testing has limited sensitivity for the detection of coronary artery disease, frequently requiring the addition of imaging modalities to enhance the predictive value of the test. Recently, there has been interest in using nonstandard electrocardiographic (ECG) leads during exercise testing. Methods We consecutively enrolled all patients undergoing exercise myocardial imaging with four additional leads recorded (V4R, V-7, V-8, and V-9). The test characteristics of the 12-lead, the 15-lead (12-lead, V-7, V-8, V-9), and the 16-lead (12-lead, V4R, V-7, V-8, V-9) ECGs were compared with stress imaging in all patients. In the subset of patients who underwent angiography within 60 days of stress testing, these lead arrays were compared with the catheterization findings. Results There were 727 subjects who met entry criteria. The mean age was, 58.5 +/- 12.3 years, and 366 (50.3%) were women. Pretest probability for disease was high in 241 (33.1%), intermediate in 347 (47.7%), and low in 139 (19.1%). A total of 166 subjects had an abnormal 12-lead ECG during exercise. The addition of 3 posterior leads to the standard 12-lead ECG resulted in 7 additional subjects having an abnormal electrocardiographic response to exercise. The addition of V4R resulted in only 1 additional patient having an abnormal ECG during exercise. The sensitivity of the ECG for detecting ischemia as determined by stress imaging was 36.6%, 39.2%, and 40.0'% (P = NS) for the 12-lead, 15-lead, and 16-lead ECGs, respectively. In those with catheterization data (n = 123), the sensitivity for determining obstructive coronary artery disease was 43.5%, 45.2%, and 45.2% (P = NS) for the 12-lead, 15-lead, and 16-lead ECGs, respectively. The sensitivity of imaging modalities was 77.4% when compared with catheterization. Conclusions In patients undergoing stress imaging studies, the addition of right-sided and posterior leads did not significantly increase the sensitivity of the ECG for the detection of myocardial ischemia. Additional leads should not be used to replace imaging modalities for the detection of coronary artery disease. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Cardiol Serv MCHE MDC, Div Cardiol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. RP Shry, EA (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Cardiol Serv MCHE MDC, Div Cardiol, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr,Bldg 3600, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. OI Krasuski, Richard/0000-0003-3150-5215 NR 17 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0002-8703 J9 AM HEART J JI Am. Heart J. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 146 IS 6 BP 1090 EP 1094 DI 10.1016/S0002-8703(03)00513-1 PG 5 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 751RF UT WOS:000187080200031 PM 14661004 ER PT J AU Eng, TY Naguib, M Galang, T Fuller, CD AF Eng, TY Naguib, M Galang, T Fuller, CD TI Retrospective study of the treatment of urethral cancer SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY-CANCER CLINICAL TRIALS LA English DT Article DE urethral cancer; clinical staging; non-Hodgkin lymphoma ID FEMALE URETHRA; SURGICAL-TREATMENT; RADIATION-THERAPY; PRIMARY-CARCINOMA; MANAGEMENT; BRACHYTHERAPY; WOMEN AB Urethral cancer is rare, encompassing less than 1% of all malignancies. Optimal management, at present, often relies on the limited experience gained from the study of retrospective cases. Therefore, it is imperative to share all available information regarding urethral cancer treatment via reportage of pertinent cases, thus enabling more complete comprehension and decision-making options by both clinicians and researchers. A retrospective review of 18 consecutive patients with primary urethral cancer was performed. An analysis was performed of clinical stage, treatment modality, and outcome. Overall patient survival rate for this retrospective was 44%, with a mean follow-up of 63.5 months. Seven of 10 patients with low-stage diagnosis remained disease free. Comparatively, only one of eight patients with high-stage cancer had no apparent disease. Patients with advanced cancer treated with surgery alone had a shorter disease-free survival (23.3 months) versus those treated with combination chemo/radiation therapy (45.2 months). The major characteristic with prognostic impact was statistically found to be low (T1-2, N0, M0) versus high (T3-4, N1, M1) stage, as assessed by Mann-Whitney U test (z = 2.83, p = 0.0023). Clinical staging afforded the strongest prognostic indication of survival. Patients with low-stage disease exhibited increased survival with single-modality therapy. However, patients with advanced cancer benefited from combined treatment using chemotherapy and radiation therapy. C1 Canc Therapy & Res Ctr S Texas, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Radiat Oncol, San Antonio, TX USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Radiat Oncol Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Eng, TY (reprint author), Canc Therapy & Res Ctr S Texas, 7979 Wurzbach R, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. OI Fuller, Clifton/0000-0002-5264-3994 NR 17 TC 16 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0277-3732 J9 AM J CLIN ONCOL-CANC JI Am. J. Clin. Oncol.-Cancer Clin. Trials PD DEC PY 2003 VL 26 IS 6 BP 558 EP 562 DI 10.1097/01.coc.0000037764.72722.07 PG 5 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 753NQ UT WOS:000187237800005 PM 14663371 ER PT J AU Fisk, A Howard, B Kovac, C Napolitano, P Paonessa, D Nielsen, P Hoeldtke, N AF Fisk, A Howard, B Kovac, C Napolitano, P Paonessa, D Nielsen, P Hoeldtke, N TI The effects of tumor necrosis factor-alpha on fetal-placental vascular tone in the ex-vivo human placental cotyledon model SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 24th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Maternal-Fetal-Medicine CY FEB 02-07, 2004 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Soc Maternal Fetal Med C1 Madigan Army Med Ctr, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0002-9378 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 189 IS 6 SU S MA 495 BP S195 EP S195 DI 10.1016/j.ajog.2003.10.499 PG 1 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 761LP UT WOS:000187910500489 ER PT J AU Howard, B Fisk, A Wright, J Kovac, C Hoeldtke, N Napolitano, P AF Howard, B Fisk, A Wright, J Kovac, C Hoeldtke, N Napolitano, P TI The effects of lipopolysaccharide on fetoplacental artery production of interleukin-10 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 24th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Maternal-Fetal-Medicine CY FEB 02-07, 2004 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Soc Maternal Fetal Med C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0002-9378 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 189 IS 6 SU S MA 491 BP S194 EP S194 DI 10.1016/j.ajog.2003.10.495 PG 1 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 761LP UT WOS:000187910500485 ER PT J AU Napolitano, P McNutt, P Wrigth, J Howard, B Fisk, A Nielsen, P Hoeldtke, N AF Napolitano, P McNutt, P Wrigth, J Howard, B Fisk, A Nielsen, P Hoeldtke, N TI The effect of magnesium on matrix metalloproteinase-9 activity in umbilical cord blood at delivery of pregnancies complicated by chorioamnionitis SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 24th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Maternal-Fetal-Medicine CY FEB 02-07, 2004 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Soc Maternal Fetal Med C1 Madigan Army Med Ctr, Div Maternal Fetal Med, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0002-9378 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 189 IS 6 SU S MA 475 BP S190 EP S190 DI 10.1016/j.ajog.2003.10.479 PG 1 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 761LP UT WOS:000187910500469 ER PT J AU Vahratian, A Zhang, J Hasling, J Troendle, J Klebanoff, M Thorp, J AF Vahratian, A Zhang, J Hasling, J Troendle, J Klebanoff, M Thorp, J TI Effects of early epidural analgesia vs IV analgesia on labor progression: A natural experiment SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 24th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Maternal-Fetal-Medicine CY FEB 02-07, 2004 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Soc Maternal Fetal Med C1 NIH, US Dept HHS, Div Epidemiol Stat & Prevent Res, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Tripler, HI USA. Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RI Vahratian, Anjel/A-1182-2011 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0002-9378 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 189 IS 6 SU S MA 525 BP S202 EP S202 PG 1 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 761LP UT WOS:000187910500519 ER PT J AU Geisbert, TW Hensley, LE Larsen, T Young, HA Reed, DS Geisbert, JB Scott, DP Kagan, E Jahrling, PB Davis, KJ AF Geisbert, TW Hensley, LE Larsen, T Young, HA Reed, DS Geisbert, JB Scott, DP Kagan, E Jahrling, PB Davis, KJ TI Pathogenesis of Ebola hemorrhagic fever in cynomolgus macaques - Evidence that dendritic cells are early and sustained targets of infection SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; APOPTOSIS-INDUCING LIGAND; HUMAN T-CELLS; VIRUS-INFECTION; MEASLES-VIRUS; CYTOKINE PRODUCTION; GUINEA-PIGS; HUMAN MONOCYTES; IN-VITRO; NONHUMAN-PRIMATES AB Ebola virus (EBOV) infection causes a severe and fatal hemorrhagic disease that in many ways appears to be similar in humans and nonhuman primates; however, little is known about the development of EBOV hemorrhagic fever. in the present study, 21 cynomolgus monkeys were experimentally infected with EBOV and examined sequentially over a 6-day period to investigate the pathological events of EBOV infection that lead to death. importantly, dendritic cells in lymphoid tissues were identified as early and sustained targets of EBOV, implicating their important role in the immunosuppression characteristic of EBOV infections. Bystander lymphocyte apoptosis, previously described in end-stage tissues, occurred early in the disease-course in intravascular and extravascular locations. Of note, apoptosis and loss of NK cells was a prominent finding, suggesting the importance of innate immunity in determining the fate of the host. Analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cell gene expression showed temporal increases in tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand and Fas transcripts, revealing a possible mechanism for the observed bystander apoptosis, while up-regulation of NAIP and cIAP2 mRNA suggest that EBOV has evolved additional mechanisms to resist host defenses by inducing protective transcripts in cells that it infects. The sequence of pathogenetic events identified in this study should provide new targets for rational prophylactic and chemotherapeutic interventions. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NCI, Ctr Canc Res, Expt Immunol Lab, Frederick, MD 21701 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Geisbert, TW (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. OI Reed, Douglas/0000-0003-0076-9023 NR 82 TC 292 Z9 312 U1 7 U2 56 PU AMER SOC INVESTIGATIVE PATHOLOGY, INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3993 USA SN 0002-9440 J9 AM J PATHOL JI Am. J. Pathol. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 163 IS 6 BP 2347 EP 2370 DI 10.1016/S0002-9440(10)63591-2 PG 24 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA 746WC UT WOS:000186769800022 PM 14633608 ER PT J AU Geisbert, TW Young, HA Jahrling, PB Davis, KJ Larsen, T Kagan, E Hensley, LE AF Geisbert, TW Young, HA Jahrling, PB Davis, KJ Larsen, T Kagan, E Hensley, LE TI Pathogenesis of Ebola hemorrhagic fever in primate models - Evidence that hemorrhage is not a direct effect of virus-induced cytolysis of endothelial cells SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GROWTH-FACTOR; INFECTION; APOPTOSIS; PATHOLOGY; MONKEYS; MONOCYTES/MACROPHAGES; GLYCOPROTEINS; INVOLVEMENT; MACROPHAGES; ACTIVATION AB Ebola virus (EBOV) infection causes a severe and often fatal hemorrhagic disease in humans and nonhuman primates. Whether infection of endothelial cells is central to the pathogenesis of EBOV hemorrhagic fever (HF) remains unknown. To clarify the role of endothelial cells In EBOV HF, we examined tissues of 21 EBOV-infected cynomolgus monkeys throughout time, and also evaluated EBOV infection of primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells and primary human lung-derived microvascular endothelial cells in vitro. Results showed that endothelial cells were not early cellular targets of EBOV in vivo, as viral replication was not consistently observed until day 5 after infection, a full day after the onset of disseminated intravascular coagulation. Moreover, the endothelium remained relatively intact even at terminal stages of disease. Although human umbilical vein endothelial cells and human lung-derived microvascular endothelial cells were highly permissive to EBOV replication, significant cytopathic effects were not observed. Analysis of host cell gene response at 24 to 144 hours after infection showed some evidence of endothelial cell activation, but changes were unremarkable considering the extent of viral replication. Together, these data suggest that coagulation abnormalities associated with EBOV HF are not the direct result of EBOV-induced cytolysis of endothelial cells, and are likely triggered by immune-mediated mechanisms. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NCI, Ctr Canc Res, Expt Immunol Lab, Frederick, MD 21701 USA. RP Geisbert, TW (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 38 TC 172 Z9 191 U1 0 U2 21 PU AMER SOC INVESTIGATIVE PATHOLOGY, INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3993 USA SN 0002-9440 J9 AM J PATHOL JI Am. J. Pathol. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 163 IS 6 BP 2371 EP 2382 DI 10.1016/S0002-9440(10)63592-4 PG 12 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA 746WC UT WOS:000186769800023 PM 14633609 ER PT J AU Pendleton, JD AF Pendleton, JD TI Euler angle geometry, helicity basis vectors, and the Wigner D-function addition theorem SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CIRCULAR APERTURE; LIGHT-SCATTERING; PHOTON; SPHERE AB Euler angles often are used to describe the orientation of a secondary system rotated relative to a primary system by generating two auxiliary systems and the secondary with three rotations. We use basis vectors to show that the auxiliary systems of the y-convention Euler angles (used in quantum mechanics) are the cylindrical and spherical systems associated with the primary Cartesian system. We then apply Euler angle geometry to obtain an improved expression (and understanding) of the Wigner D-function addition theorem and related geometrical issues. We introduce helicity vectors and express vector spherical harmonics as combinations of Wigner D-functions to show that the D-function addition theorem is implicit within expansions of rotated vector spherical harmonics. As example applications of the Wigner D-function, we obtain an addition theorem for vector spherical harmonics and then simplify a dyadic Green function (related to Mie theory) describing inelastic light scattering from a laser-irradiated spherical droplet containing a fluorescing molecule. C1 Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Pendleton, JD (reprint author), Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 20 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER ASSOC PHYSICS TEACHERS AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0002-9505 J9 AM J PHYS JI Am. J. Phys. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 71 IS 12 BP 1280 EP 1291 DI 10.1119/1.1615525 PG 12 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Education & Educational Research; Physics GA 745MK UT WOS:000186692300010 ER PT J AU Innis, BL Eckels, KH AF Innis, BL Eckels, KH TI Progress in development of a live-attenuated, tetravalent dengue virus vaccine by the United States Army Medical Research and Materiel Command SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID CANDIDATE; FEVER; VOLUNTEERS; IMMUNOGENICITY; IMMUNIZATION; RESPONSES; VIRULENCE; SOLDIERS; HUMANS; 45AZ5 C1 GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA 19426 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Innis, BL (reprint author), GlaxoSmithKline, 1250 S Collegeville Rd,Mail Code UP4330, Collegeville, PA 19426 USA. EM kenneth.eckels@na.amedd.army.mil NR 31 TC 37 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 69 IS 6 SU S BP 1 EP 4 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 760MH UT WOS:000187837100001 PM 14756126 ER PT J AU Eckels, KH Dubois, DR Putnak, R Vaughn, DW Innis, BL Henchal, EA Hoke, CH AF Eckels, KH Dubois, DR Putnak, R Vaughn, DW Innis, BL Henchal, EA Hoke, CH TI Modification of dengue virus strains by passage in primary dog kidney cells: Preparation of candidate vaccines and immunization of monkeys SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID CYNOMOLGUS MONKEYS; RHESUS-MONKEYS; PROTECTION; VOLUNTEERS; NEUROVIRULENCE; IMMUNOGENICITY; ATTENUATION; RESPONSES; CULTURE; HUMANS AB Dengue (DENV) virus strains for each of the four DENY serotypes were modified by passage in primary dog kidney (PDK) cell cultures with final manufacture of vaccine lots in fetal rhesus monkey diploid cell cultures. "Strain sets" consisting of serially-passaged DENV were inoculated in rhesus monkeys along with unmodified parent viruses for each strain. Vaccine candidates were compared with unmodified parent viruses by measuring viremia and immune responses. All except one DENV-1 strain demonstrated reduced infection in monkeys after PDK cell passage. A DENV-3 strain lost all monkey infectivity after PDK cell passage. Twelve vaccine candidates were selected for Phase I human trials through this selection process. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Eckels, KH (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 23 TC 43 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 69 IS 6 SU S BP 12 EP 16 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 760MH UT WOS:000187837100003 PM 14740950 ER PT J AU Kanesa-Thasan, N Edelman, R Tacket, CO Wasserman, SS Vaughn, DW Coster, TS Kim-Ahn, GJ Dubois, DR Putnak, JR King, A Summers, PL Innis, BL Eckels, KH Hoke, CH AF Kanesa-Thasan, N Edelman, R Tacket, CO Wasserman, SS Vaughn, DW Coster, TS Kim-Ahn, GJ Dubois, DR Putnak, JR King, A Summers, PL Innis, BL Eckels, KH Hoke, CH TI Phase 1 studies of Walter Reed Army Institute of Research candidate attenuated dengue vaccines: Selection of safe and immunogenic monovalent vaccines SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID PRIMARY KIDNEY-CELLS; VIRUS-VACCINE; HUMAN VOLUNTEERS; SERIAL PASSAGE; IMMUNIZATION; RESPONSES; HUMANS; 45AZ5 AB We describe the results of initial safety testing of 10 live-attenuated dengue virus (DENV) vaccine candidates modified by serial passage in primary dog kidney (PDK) cells at the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research. The Phase 1 studies, conducted in 65 volunteers, were designed to select an attenuated vaccine candidate for each DENV serotype. No recipient of the DENV candidate vaccines sustained serious injury or required treatment. Three vaccine candidates were associated with transient idiosyncratic reactions in one volunteer each, resulting in their withdrawal from further clinical development. Increasing PDK cell passage of DENV-1, DENV-2, and DENV-3 candidate vaccines increased attenuation for volunteers, yet also decreased infectivity and immunogenicity. This effect was less clear for DENV-4 candidate vaccines following 15 and 20 PDK cell passages. Only one passage level each of the tested DENV-2, -3, and -4 vaccine candidates was judged acceptably reactogenic and suitable for expanded clinical study. Subsequent studies with more recipients will further establish safety and immunogenicity of the four selected vaccine candidates: DENV-1 45AZ5 PDK 20, DENV-2 S16803 PDK 50, DENV-3 CH53489 PDK 20, and DENV-4 341750 PDK 20. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Med, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Ctr Vaccine Dev, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Kanesa-Thasan, N (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Med, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM niranjan.kanesa-thasan@det.amedd.army.mil NR 21 TC 41 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 69 IS 6 SU S BP 17 EP 23 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 760MH UT WOS:000187837100004 PM 14740951 ER PT J AU Sun, W Edelman, R Kanesa-Thasan, N Eckels, KH Putnak, JR King, AD Houng, HS Tang, D Scherer, JM Hoke, CH Innis, BL AF Sun, W Edelman, R Kanesa-Thasan, N Eckels, KH Putnak, JR King, AD Houng, HS Tang, D Scherer, JM Hoke, CH Innis, BL TI Vaccination of human volunteers with monovalent and tetravalent live-attenuated dengue vaccine candidates SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID ARTHROPOD-BORNE VIRUSES; YELLOW-FEVER VACCINE; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; CELLS; IMMUNOGENICITY; REVACCINATION; IMMUNIZATION; INFECTIONS; RESPONSES; ANTIBODY AB Four serotypes of monovalent live attenuated dengue virus vaccine candidates were tested for reactogenicity and immunogenicity in 49 flavivirus non-immune adult human volunteers. The four monovalent candidates were then combined into a tetravalent formulation and given to another 10 volunteers. Neutralizing antibody seroconversion rates after a single-dose monovalent vaccination ranged from 53% to 100%. Solicited reactogenicity was scored by each volunteer. A composite index, the Reactogenicity Index, was derived by these self-reported scores. Reactogenicity differed among the four serotype candidates with serotype-1 associated with the most vaccine related side effects. A second dose of monovalent vaccines at either 30 days or 90 days was much less reactogenic but did not significantly increase seroconversion rates. Seroconversion rates in the 10 volunteers who received a single dose of tetravalent vaccine ranged from 30% to 70% among the four serotypes. Similar to the monovalent vaccines, a second dose of the tetravalent vaccine at one month was less reactogenic and did not increase seroconversion. A third dose of the tetravalent vaccine at four months resulted in three of four volunteers with trivalent or tetravalent high-titer neutralizing antibody responses. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Virus Dis, Div Communicable Dis & Immunl, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Biol Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Biometr, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Ctr Vaccine Dev, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. USA, Med Res & Mat Command, Mil Infect Dis Res Program, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Sun, W (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Virus Dis, Div Communicable Dis & Immunl, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM wellington.sun@na.amedd.army.mil NR 34 TC 113 Z9 115 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 69 IS 6 SU S BP 24 EP 31 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 760MH UT WOS:000187837100005 PM 14740952 ER PT J AU Kanesa-Thasan, N Sun, W Ludwig, GV Rossi, C Putnak, JR Mangiafico, JA Innis, BL Edelman, R AF Kanesa-Thasan, N Sun, W Ludwig, GV Rossi, C Putnak, JR Mangiafico, JA Innis, BL Edelman, R TI Atypical antibody responses in dengue vaccine recipients SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID 17D YELLOW-FEVER; ARTHROPOD-BORNE VIRUSES; JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS; ATTENUATED DENGUE; HEMAGGLUTINATION-INHIBITION; SEQUENTIAL IMMUNIZATION; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; INFECTIONS; IMMUNOGENICITY; ARBOVIRUSES AB Eight of 69 (12%) healthy adult volunteers vaccinated with monovalent live-attenuated dengue virus (DENV) vaccine candidates had atypical antibody responses, with depressed IgM:IgG antibody ratios and induction of high-titer hemagglutination-inhibiting and neutralizing (NT) antibodies to all four DENV serotypes. These features suggested flavivirus exposure prior to DENV vaccination; yet no volunteer had a history of previous flavivirus infection, flavivirus vaccination, or antibody to flaviviruses evident before DENV vaccination. Moreover, production of antibody to DENV by atypical responders (AR) was not accelerated compared with antibody responses in the 61 flavivirus-naive responders (NR). Further evaluation revealed no differences in sex, age, race, DENV vaccine candidate received, or clinical signs and symptoms following vaccination between AR and NR. However, viremia was delayed at the onset in AR compared with NR. A comparative panel of all AR and five randomly selected NR found flavivirus cross-reactive antibody after vaccination only in AR. Unexpectedly, six of eight AR had NT antibodies to yellow fever virus (YFV) > 1:10 before vaccination while NR had none (P = 0.04). The AR also universally demonstrated YFV NT antibody titers greater than or equal to 1:160 after DENV vaccination, whereas four of five NR failed to seroconvert (P = 0.02). Yellow fever virus priming broadens the antibody response to monovalent DENV vaccination. The effect of flavivirus priming on the clinical and immunologic response to tetravalent DENV vaccine remains to be determined. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Med, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Ctr Vaccine Dev, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RP Kanesa-Thasan, N (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Med, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM niranjan.kanesa-thasan@det.amedd.army.mil NR 36 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 69 IS 6 SU S BP 32 EP 38 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 760MH UT WOS:000187837100006 PM 14740953 ER PT J AU Gwinn, W Sun, W Innis, BL Caudill, J King, AD AF Gwinn, W Sun, W Innis, BL Caudill, J King, AD TI Serotype-specific TH1 responses in recipients of two doses of candidate live-attenuated dengue virus vaccines SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID T-CELL-CLONES; INTERFERON-GAMMA; INFECTION; RECEPTOR; VOLUNTEERS; ACTIVATION; HUMANS; CD8 AB As part of a larger vaccine study, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were collected from volunteers for analysis of vaccine- induced T cell responses. The PBMC were re-stimulated in vitro with live dengue virus and assayed for T(H)1 or T(H)2 memory cell responses. Re-stimulated PBMC from the volunteers predominantly secreted interferon-gamma. Little interleukin-4 (IL-4) or IL-10 secretion was detected, indicating a T(H)1 type of T cell response. The interferon-gamma response was primarily serotype-specific with some serotype cross-reactivity. T cell depletion studies showed that the interferon-gamma was being secreted by CD4+ T lymphocytes and/or by cells other than CD8+ T lymphocytes that were being stimulated by the CD4+ T lymphocytes. CD3+ or CD8+ T cell depletion showed that granzyme B mRNA expression correlated with the presence of CD4+ T lymphocytes. However, depletion of CD4+ T cells after four days of stimulation indicated that the granzyme B mRNA was produced by cells in culture other than lymphocytes. In summary, an antigen-specific T(H)1 type T cell response was seen as a response to vaccination using live attenuated dengue virus. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Virus Dis, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Gwinn, W (reprint author), George Washington Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Microbiol & Trop Med, Washington, DC 20037 USA. EM alan@cytopulse.com NR 17 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 69 IS 6 SU S BP 39 EP 47 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 760MH UT WOS:000187837100007 PM 14740954 ER PT J AU Edelman, R Wasserman, SS Bodison, SA Putnak, RJ Eckels, KH Tang, D Kanesa-Thasan, N Vaughn, DW Innis, BL Sun, W AF Edelman, R Wasserman, SS Bodison, SA Putnak, RJ Eckels, KH Tang, D Kanesa-Thasan, N Vaughn, DW Innis, BL Sun, W TI Phase I trial of 16 formulations of a tetravalent live-attenuated dengue vaccine SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; HUMAN VOLUNTEERS; VIRUS-VACCINE; CANDIDATE; IMMUNOGENICITY; IMMUNIZATION; RESPONSES; HUMANS; SAFETY AB Laboratory-attenuated strains of each of the four dengue serotypes previously tested as monovalent vaccines in volunteers were combined and tested for immunogenicity, safety, and reactogenicity in 16 dosage combinations. Tetravalent vaccines made using combinations of high (10(5-6) plaque-forming units [PFU]/dose) or low (10(3.5-4.5) PFU/dose) dosage formulations of each of the four viruses were inoculated in 64 flavivirus non-immune adult volunteers to determine which, if any, formulation raised neutralizing antibodies in at least 75% of volunteers to at least three of four dengue serotypes following one or two inoculations. Such formulations, if safe and sufficiently non-reactogenic, would be considered for an expanded Phase II trial in the future. Formulations 1-15 were each inoculated into three or four volunteers (total = 54) on days 0 and 28. Formulation 16 was tested in 10 volunteers, five volunteers inoculated on days 0 and 30, one volunteer on days 0 and 120, and four volunteers on days 0, 30, and 120. Blood was drawn for serologic assays immediately before and one month after each vaccination, and for viremia assay on day 10 after each vaccination. The 16 formulations were safe, but variably reactogenic after the first vaccination, and nearly non-reactogenic after the second and third vaccinations. Reactogenicity was positively correlated with immunogenicity. Similar proportions of volunteers seroconverted to dengue-1 (69%), dengue-2 (78%), and dengue-3 (69%), but significantly fewer volunteers seroconverted to dengue-4 (38%). The geometric mean 50% plaque reduction neutralization test titers in persons who seroconverted were significantly higher to dengue-1 (1:94) than to dengue-2 (1:15), dengue-3 (1:10), and dengue-4 (1:2). Seven formulations met the serologic criteria required for an expanded trial, and three of these were sufficiently attenuated clinically to justify further testing. C1 Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Ctr Vaccine Dev, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Univ Maryland, Ctr Hlth, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Biol Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Biometr, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. GlaxoSmith Kline, Vaccine Dev Unit, Collegeville, PA 19426 USA. RP Edelman, R (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Ctr Vaccine Dev, 685 W Baltimore St,Room 480, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. EM redelman@medicine.umaryland.edu NR 25 TC 128 Z9 133 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 69 IS 6 SU S BP 48 EP 60 PG 13 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 760MH UT WOS:000187837100008 PM 14740955 ER PT J AU Grady, JD Burnett, JW AF Grady, JD Burnett, JW TI Irukandji-like syndrome in South Florida divers SO ANNALS OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CARDIAC-FAILURE; ENVENOMATION AB Irukandji syndrome is a constellation of delayed severe local and systemic symptoms occurring after a Carukia barnesi box jellyfish sting involving any exposed skin. These cases are limited to Australia, the habitat of that animal. Numerous other cases of an Irukandji-like syndrome after other small Carybdeid genus envenomations have been reported elsewhere in the world. There have yet been no reports of Irukandji-like syndrome occurring in continental US coastal waters. We describe 3 cases of marine envenomation causing such a symptom complex in US military combat divers off Key West, FL. It is unclear what species caused the injuries, but a member of the Carybdeid genus seems most likely. C1 USA, Special Forces Underwater Operat Sch, Dept Undersea & Hyperbar Med, Key West, FL 33040 USA. Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Dermatol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RP Grady, JD (reprint author), USA, Special Forces Underwater Operat Sch, Dept Undersea & Hyperbar Med, POB 9017, Key West, FL 33040 USA. NR 12 TC 22 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0196-0644 J9 ANN EMERG MED JI Ann. Emerg. Med. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 42 IS 6 BP 763 EP 766 DI 10.1016/mem.2003.328 PG 4 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 750QW UT WOS:000187009300008 PM 14634600 ER PT J AU Venook, AP Klein, CE Fleming, G Hollis, D Leichman, CG Hohl, R Byrd, J Budman, D Villalona, M Marshall, J Rosner, GL Ramirez, J Kastrissios, H Ratain, MJ AF Venook, AP Klein, CE Fleming, G Hollis, D Leichman, CG Hohl, R Byrd, J Budman, D Villalona, M Marshall, J Rosner, GL Ramirez, J Kastrissios, H Ratain, MJ TI A phase I and pharmacokinetic study of irinotecan in patients with hepatic or renal dysfunction or with prior pelvic radiation: CALGB 9863 SO ANNALS OF ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE hepatic dysfunction; irinotecan; pharmacokinetics ID METASTATIC COLORECTAL-CANCER; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; FLUOROURACIL FAILURE; CLEARANCE; TOXICITY; DOSAGE AB Background: To ascertain if hepatic or renal dysfunction or prior pelvic radiation (XRT) leads to increased toxicity at a given dose of irinotecan and to characterize the pharmacokinetics of irinotecan and its major metabolites in patients with hepatic or renal dysfunction. Patients and methods: Adults with tumors appropriate for irinotecan therapy and who had abnormal liver or renal function tests or had prior radiation to the pelvis were eligible. Patients were assigned to one of four treatment cohorts: I, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) greater than or equal to3x upper limit of normal and direct bilirubin <1.0 mg/dl; II, direct bilirubin 1.0-7.0 mg/dl; III, creatinine 1.6-5.0 mg/dl with normal liver function; IV, prior pelvic XRT with normal liver and renal function. Starting with reduced doses of either 145 or 225 mg/m(2), irinotecan was administered every 3 weeks to at least three patients within each cohort. Irinotecan and its metabolites in the blood were measured in all patients. Results: Thirty-five patients were evaluable for toxicity. No dose-limiting toxicity was seen in cohort I, although only three patients were treated and at a dose of 225 mg/m(2). Patients with elevations of direct bilirubin had dose-limiting toxicities, even though the starting dose was 145 mg/m(2). These same patients appeared to have comparable exposure to the active metabolite SN-38 as normal patients treated with full-dose irinotecan. Patients with elevations of creatinine or with prior pelvic radiotherapy did not appear to have increased risk of toxicity at the doses explored in this study. Conclusions: Patients with elevated bilirubin treated with irinotecan have an increased risk of toxicity and a dose reduction is recommended. Patients with elevated AST, creatinine or prior pelvic radiation do not appear to have increased sensitivity to irinotecan, but the data are not adequate to support a specific dosing recommendation. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Ctr Canc, Clin Res Off, San Francisco, CA 94115 USA. Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL USA. CALGB Stat Ctr, Durham, NC USA. Roswell Pk Canc Inst, Buffalo, NY 14263 USA. Univ Iowa Hosp, Iowa City, IA USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. N Shore Univ Hosp, Manhasset, NY USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Georgetown Univ, Washington, DC USA. Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Venook, AP (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Ctr Canc, Clin Res Off, 1600 Divisadero, San Francisco, CA 94115 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA77658, CA41287, CA47642, CA60138, CA77597, CA31946, CA26806, CA35279, CA33601, CA02599] NR 20 TC 56 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0923-7534 J9 ANN ONCOL JI Ann. Oncol. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 14 IS 12 BP 1783 EP 1790 DI 10.1093/annonc/mdg493 PG 8 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 756UA UT WOS:000187500600015 PM 14630685 ER PT J AU Paulson, EP Cable, BB Manaligod, JM Kernstine, KH AF Paulson, EP Cable, BB Manaligod, JM Kernstine, KH TI Tracheal spindle cell tumor in a child SO ANNALS OF OTOLOGY RHINOLOGY AND LARYNGOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AIRWAY; CT C1 Univ Iowa, Carver Coll Med, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Univ Iowa, Carver Coll Med, Dept Cardiothorac Surg, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. RP Cable, BB (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ANNALS PUBL CO PI ST LOUIS PA 4507 LACLEDE AVE, ST LOUIS, MO 63108 USA SN 0003-4894 J9 ANN OTO RHINOL LARYN JI Ann. Otol. Rhinol. Laryngol. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 112 IS 12 BP 1069 EP 1072 PG 4 WC Otorhinolaryngology SC Otorhinolaryngology GA 753ZR UT WOS:000187278700014 PM 14703113 ER PT J AU Wakefield, MC O'Donnell, SD Goff, JM AF Wakefield, MC O'Donnell, SD Goff, JM TI Re-evaluation of carotid duplex for visual complaints: Who really needs to be studied? SO ANNALS OF VASCULAR SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th Annual Winter Meeting of the Peripheral-Vascular-Surgery-Society CY JAN 31-FEB 02, 2003 CL SNOWMASS, COLORADO SP Peripheral Vasc Surg Soc ID MAGNETIC-RESONANCE ANGIOGRAPHY; RETINAL ARTERIAL-OCCLUSION; STENOSIS; ENDARTERECTOMY; DISEASE; STROKE; MANIFESTATIONS; ARTERIOGRAPHY; EMBOLISM; PLAQUES AB Amaurosis fugax (AF), Hollenhorst plaques, central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO), and nonspecific visual symptoms are all reasons for patient referral for carotid artery evaluation. This study reviews the management of patients with visual signs or symptoms based on their clinical presentation, carotid duplex results, follow-up data, and outcome. We performed a retrospective review of all patients presenting to the Vascular Surgery Clinic between June 1996 and December 2001 for carotid duplex scanning because of the indication of a visual disturbance. A total of 3560 carotid duplex examinations were performed during the study period; 98 were performed for a visual complaint or finding. A total of 11.1% of group 1 (Hollenhorst plaques), 22.2% in group 2 (CRAO), 45% in group 3 (AF), and 9.8% in group 4 (nonspecific visual symptoms) had significant carotid disease and underwent carotid endarterectomy. No patient who underwent screening carotid duplex and did not have surgically correctable disease developed significant carotid disease or symptoms from carotid disease during the study period. Hollenhorst plaques, CRAO, and nonspecific visual complaints are a poor predictor of significant carotid stenosis, while AF had a significantly higher rate of surgically correctable carotid stenosis. Patients with visual signs or symptoms need an initial screening carotid duplex examination. If this does not show surgically correctable disease, patients do not need to return for further examinations unless another indication arises. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Peripheral Vasc Surg Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Goff, JM (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Peripheral Vasc Surg Serv, 6900 Georgia Ave, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 22 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0890-5096 J9 ANN VASC SURG JI Ann. Vasc. Surg. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 17 IS 6 BP 635 EP 640 DI 10.1007/s10016-003-0073-3 PG 6 WC Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 754CU UT WOS:000187285800008 PM 14534847 ER PT J AU Rosa, P O'Donnell, SD Goff, JM Gillespie, DL Starnes, MAJB AF Rosa, P O'Donnell, SD Goff, JM Gillespie, DL Starnes, MAJB TI Endovascular management of a peroneal artery injury due to a military fragment wound SO ANNALS OF VASCULAR SURGERY LA English DT Article ID FALSE ANEURYSM; TRAUMATIC PSEUDOANEURYSM; ARTERIOVENOUS-FISTULAS; EMBOLIZATION; OCCLUSION AB A healthy 29-year-old male suffered bilateral lower extremity fragment wounds resulting in a tense right calf shortly following a wound that required a four-compartment fasciotomy. During treatment of other injuries after medical evacuation he complained of increasing right calf pain. A peroneal pseudoaneurysm (PSA) with a concomitant arteriovenous fistula (AVF) was diagnosed. The distal one-third of the peroneal artery was not visualized, and the posterior tibial and anterior tibial arteries were normal. The patient underwent percutaneous coil embolization of the pseudoaneurysm. Completion arteriography demonstrated no evidence of the PSA and AVF. The patient's bruit and pain resolved. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, MCHK DSV, Vasc Surg Serv, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Walter Red Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC USA. RP Rosa, P (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, MCHK DSV, Vasc Surg Serv, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. OI Gillespie, David/0000-0002-4378-9465 NR 14 TC 13 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0890-5096 J9 ANN VASC SURG JI Ann. Vasc. Surg. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 17 IS 6 BP 678 EP 681 DI 10.1007/s10016-003-0044-8 PG 4 WC Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 754CU UT WOS:000187285800016 PM 14738092 ER PT J AU Silamut, K Newton, PN Teja-Isavadharm, P Suputtamongkol, Y Siriyanonda, D Rasameesoraj, M Pukrittayakamee, S White, NJ AF Silamut, K Newton, PN Teja-Isavadharm, P Suputtamongkol, Y Siriyanonda, D Rasameesoraj, M Pukrittayakamee, S White, NJ TI Artemether bioavailability after oral or intramuscular administration in uncomplicated falciparum malaria SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID PHARMACOKINETICS; QUININE; ARTESUNATE AB The antimalarial activity of artemether following oral or intramuscular administration in the plasma of 15 adults with acute uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria was measured by bioassay. The peak concentrations in plasma following oral administration were higher in patients with acute illness (median, 1,905 mmol of dihydroartemisinin [DHA] equivalents per liter; range, 955 to 3,358 mmol of DHA equivalents per liter) than in patients in the convalescent phase (median, 955 mmol of DHA equivalents per liter; range, 576 to 1,363 mmol of DHA equivalents per liter), and clearance (CL/F) was lower in patients in the acute phase (1.11 liters/kg/h; range, 0.21 to 3.08 liters/kg/h) than in patients in the convalescent phase (median, 2.76 liters/kg/h; range, 1.56 to 5.74 liters/kg/h) (P less than or equal to 0.008). Antimalarial activity in terms of the peak concentration in plasma (C-max) after oral administration was a median of 16 times higher than that after intramuscular administration. The ratio of the area under the plasma concentration-time curve during the first 24 h (AUC(0-24)) after oral administration of artemether to the AUC(0-24) after intramuscular administration was a median of 3.3 (range, 1 to 11) (P = 0.0001). In the acute phase, the time to C-max was significantly shorter after oral administration (median, 1 h; range, 0.5 to 3.0 h) than after intramuscular administration (median, 8 h; range, 4 to 24 h) (P = 0.001). Intramuscular artemether is absorbed very slowly in patients with acute malaria. C1 Mahidol Univ, Fac Trop Med, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Immunol & Med, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Siriraj Hosp, Dept Med, Bangkok, Thailand. John Radcliffe Hosp, Nuffield Dept Clin Med, Ctr Trop Med, Oxford OX3 9DU, England. RP White, NJ (reprint author), Mahidol Univ, Fac Trop Med, 420-6 Rajvithi Rd, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. RI White, Nicholas/I-4629-2012 NR 21 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 47 IS 12 BP 3795 EP 3798 DI 10.1128/AAC.47.12.3795-3798.2003 PG 4 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 749LG UT WOS:000186921500022 PM 14638485 ER PT J AU Hommerich, U Nyein, EE Lee, DS Steckl, AJ Zavada, JM AF Hommerich, U Nyein, EE Lee, DS Steckl, AJ Zavada, JM TI Photoluminescence properties of in situ Tm-doped AlxGa1-xN SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ELECTROLUMINESCENT DEVICES; VISIBLE EMISSION; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; BLUE EMISSION; THIN-FILMS; GAN; EU; EXCITATION; IONS; ALN AB We report on the photoluminescence (PL) properties of in situ Tm-doped AlxGa1-xN films (0less than or equal toxless than or equal to1) grown by solid-source molecular-beam epitaxy. It was found that the blue PL properties of AlxGa1-xN:Tm greatly change as a function of Al content. Under above-gap pumping, GaN:Tm exhibited a weak blue emission at similar to478 nm from the (1)G(4)-->H-3(6) transition of Tm3+. Upon increasing Al content, an enhancement of the blue PL at 478 nm was observed. In addition, an intense blue PL line appeared at similar to465 nm, which is assigned to the D-1(2)-->F-3(4) transition of Tm3+. The overall blue PL intensity reached a maximum for x=0.62, with the 465 nm line dominating the visible PL spectrum. Under below-gap pumping, AlN:Tm also exhibited intense blue PL at 465 and 478 nm, as well as several other PL lines ranging from the ultraviolet to near-infrared. The Tm3+ PL from AlN:Tm was most likely excited through defect-related complexes in the AlN host. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Hampton Univ, Dept Phys, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Nanoelect Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. USA, Res Off, Durham, NC 27709 USA. RP Hommerich, U (reprint author), Hampton Univ, Dept Phys, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. OI Steckl, Andrew/0000-0002-1868-4442 NR 23 TC 50 Z9 51 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD DEC 1 PY 2003 VL 83 IS 22 BP 4556 EP 4558 DI 10.1063/1.1631742 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 747CF UT WOS:000186787100030 ER PT J AU Casler, JD AF Casler, JD TI Surgical innovation and research - In reply SO ARCHIVES OF OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD & NECK SURGERY LA English DT Letter C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Casler, JD (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0886-4470 J9 ARCH OTOLARYNGOL JI Arch. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 129 IS 12 BP 1354 EP 1354 DI 10.1001/archotol.129.12.1354-a PG 1 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA 752QK UT WOS:000187178500027 ER PT J AU Hanson, TE AF Hanson, TE TI The eighth army's combat readiness before Korea: A new appraisal SO ARMED FORCES & SOCIETY LA English DT Article AB This case study of the 27(th) Infantry Regiment demonstrates the fallacy of many generalizations surrounding interpretations of the U.S. Army's performance in the opening weeks of the Korean War. It describes the training of a typical infantry regiment in the Eighth U.S. Army from April 1949, until the outbreak of the Korean War on 25 June 1950. The evolution of readiness from individual training to regimental combat team maneuvers in the 27(th) Infantry Regiment proves that: Occupation duties interfered very little with the conduct of training after June 1949; The nature of the training cycle afforded maximum time for the creation of cohesive and proficient squads, platoons, and companies; Soldiers recognized the importance of the training program and strove to execute it well; Physical fitness was an integral part of the training program; Technical training occupied a significant part of nonmaneuver training time. Acknowledgement of the Eighth Army's accomplishments in 1949 and early 1950 should facilitate a shift in the debate away from the lack of preparedness of "occupation troops" and onto a discussion of the strategic assumptions and operational decisions that placed single battalions into tactically and logistically unsupportable positions. Only by doing that can we begin to bury what Douglas MacArthur called the "pernicious myth" of professional, physical, and moral ineffectiveness that obscures the actual readiness of the Eighth Amy. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Hist, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Hanson, TE (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Hist, W Point, NY 10996 USA. EM thomas.e.hanson@us.army.mil NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU TRANSACTION PERIOD CONSORTIUM PI PISCATAWAY PA RUTGERS UNIV, DEPT 8010, 35 BERRUE CIRCLE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08854-8042 USA SN 0095-327X J9 ARMED FORCES SOC JI Armed Forces Soc. PD WIN PY 2003 VL 29 IS 2 BP 167 EP + DI 10.1177/0095327X0302900202 PG 19 WC Political Science; Sociology SC Government & Law; Sociology GA 658AM UT WOS:000181699500001 ER PT J AU Wong, L AF Wong, L TI Making patriots. SO ARMED FORCES & SOCIETY LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, War Coll, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Wong, L (reprint author), USA, War Coll, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TRANSACTION PERIOD CONSORTIUM PI PISCATAWAY PA RUTGERS UNIV, DEPT 8010, 35 BERRUE CIRCLE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08854-8042 USA SN 0095-327X J9 ARMED FORCES SOC JI Armed Forces Soc. PD WIN PY 2003 VL 29 IS 2 BP 306 EP 309 DI 10.1177/0095327X0302900210 PG 4 WC Political Science; Sociology SC Government & Law; Sociology GA 658AM UT WOS:000181699500009 ER PT J AU Bell, RE AF Bell, RE TI Generally speaking. SO ARMED FORCES & SOCIETY LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TRANSACTION PERIOD CONSORTIUM PI PISCATAWAY PA RUTGERS UNIV, DEPT 8010, 35 BERRUE CIRCLE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08854-8042 USA SN 0095-327X J9 ARMED FORCES SOC JI Armed Forces Soc. PD WIN PY 2003 VL 29 IS 2 BP 317 EP 319 DI 10.1177/0095327X0302900214 PG 3 WC Political Science; Sociology SC Government & Law; Sociology GA 658AM UT WOS:000181699500013 ER PT J AU Leelawongtawon, R Somroop, S Chaisri, U Tongtawe, P Chongsa-nguan, M Kalambaheti, T Tapchaisri, P Pichyangkul, S Sakolvaree, Y Kurazono, H Hayashi, H Chaicumpa, W AF Leelawongtawon, R Somroop, S Chaisri, U Tongtawe, P Chongsa-nguan, M Kalambaheti, T Tapchaisri, P Pichyangkul, S Sakolvaree, Y Kurazono, H Hayashi, H Chaicumpa, W TI CpG DNA, liposome and refined antigen oral cholera vaccine SO ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID VIBRIO-CHOLERAE; IMMUNOLOGICAL ADJUVANTS; INTERFERON-GAMMA; GM1 GANGLIOSIDE; IMMUNOGENICITY; MOTIFS; CARRIERS; DELIVERY; PURIFICATION; LYMPHOCYTES AB An oral cholera vaccine made up of three Vibrio cholerae antigens, i.e. lipopolysaccharide (LIPS), recombinant toxin co-regulated pili (rTcpA) and heat-treated cholera toxin (H-CT) has been developed in six different formulations. Eight-week-old Wistar rats were divided into nine groups and immunized as follows: the first group received the oral vaccine 1 consisting of the three antigens (LIPS, rTcpA and H-CT) associated with a liposome (L) and bacterial CpG-DNA (ODN#1826). The rats of groups 2 and 3 received oral vaccines 2 and 3 consisting of the liposome-associated three antigens with and without non-bacterial CpG-DNA (ODN#1982), respectively. Rats of groups 4 received oral vaccine 4 consisting of the three antigens mixed with the ODN#1826, similar to vaccine 1, but without liposome. Rats of groups 5 and 6 received oral vaccines 5 and 6 consisting of the three antigens with and without ODN#1982, respectively, similar to vaccines 2 and 3, but without liposome. Rats of groups 7, 8 and 9 received oral placebos, namely liposomes (L), ODN#1826 (CpG), and vaccine diluent, i.e. 5% NaHCO3 solution, respectively. All vaccines were given in three doses at 14-day intervals. It was found that the combination of liposome and ODN#1826 in vaccine 1 evoked the highest immune response to V. cholerae antigen compared to other vaccine formulations and placebos, as measured by the appearance of antigen-specific antibody-producing cells in the intestinal lamina propria. The immunogenicity according to the magnitude of the immune response was: V1>V2=V3>V4>V5=V6>V7=V8=V9. The results of this study indicate that CpG-DNA and liposome are effective mucosal adjuvants for an oral cholera vaccine prepared from refined V. cholerae antigens and their combination seems to be synergistic. The potential role of liposome as a vaccine delivery vehicle has been confirmed. C1 Thammasat Univ, Fac Allied Hlth Sci, Dept Med Technol, Pathum Thani, Thailand. Mahidol Univ, Fac Trop Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Bangkok, Thailand. Mahidol Univ, Fac Trop Med, Dept Trop Pathol, Bangkok, Thailand. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Okayama Univ, Inst Hlth Sci, Dept Med Technol, Okayama 7008530, Japan. Univ Tsukuba, Inst Basic Med Sci, Dept Microbiol, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. RP Chaicumpa, W (reprint author), Thammasat Univ, Fac Allied Hlth Sci, Dept Med Technol, Rangsit Campus, Pathum Thani, Thailand. NR 48 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU ALLERGY IMMUNOL SOC THAILAND, PI BANGKOK PA MAHIDOL UNIV, DEPT MICROBIOL IMMUNOL, FACULTY TROPICAL MED, BANGKOK 10400, THAILAND SN 0125-877X J9 ASIAN PAC J ALLERGY JI Asian Pac. J. Allergy Immunol. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 21 IS 4 BP 231 EP 239 PG 9 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 822QZ UT WOS:000221556200006 PM 15198341 ER PT J AU Klemcke, HG Kumar, RS Yang, K Vallet, JL Christenson, RK AF Klemcke, HG Kumar, RS Yang, K Vallet, JL Christenson, RK TI 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and glucocorticoid receptor messenger RNA expression in porcine placentae: Effects of stage of gestation, breed, and uterine environment SO BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION LA English DT Article DE conceptus; cortisol; developmental biology; embryo; glucocorticoid receptor ID RIBONUCLEIC-ACID EXPRESSION; RAT PLACENTA; DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION; HUMAN TROPHOBLAST; PRIMARY CULTURES; FETAL MEMBRANES; BABOON PLACENTA; OVINE PLACENTA; TYPE-2 GENE; TISSUE AB Glucocorticoids are known to influence many aspects of prenatal development. Three important regulators of glucocorticoid actions at the cellular level are the enzymes 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11betaHSD-1), 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (11betaHSD-2), and glucocorticoid receptors (GR). The present study was conducted to determine the presence of these regulators in porcine placentae during early gestation (Days 24-40; term = 114 days) and to examine the influence of breed and uterine environment. Three pig models differing in uterine environment as reflected by embryonic survival from Days 24 to 40 were used: intact white cross-bred gilts (WC-INT); white cross-bred gilts that had been unilaterally hysterectomized-ovariectomized before puberty (WC-UHO); and intact Meishan gilts (ME). Porcine-specific partial cDNAs for 11betaHSD-1 and 11betaHSD-2 and a cRNA for GRalpha were developed and used to produce P-32-labeled probes for Northern blot analyses. The 11betaHSD dehydrogenase activity was measured in vitro at saturating concentrations of substrate and coenzyme. At Day 24 of gestation, 11betaHSD-2 mRNA, dehydrogenase activity, and GR mRNA were present, but 11betaHSD-1 mRNA was absent. All three mRNAs and dehydrogenase activity increased (P < 0.01) by Day 40. On Day 30, placental 11betaHSD-2 mRNA was decreased (P = 0.03) by 47% in WC-UHO versus WC-INT. Placental 11betaHSD dehydrogenase activity was 2-fold greater (P < 0.01) in ME versus WC-INT on Day 24 of gestation. These results demonstrate, to our knowledge for the first time, the presence of 11betaHSD-1, 11betaHSD-2, and GR mRNA as well as 11betaHSD dehydrogenase activity in the porcine placenta during early pregnancy. Moreover, a role for glucocorticoids in porcine embryonic development is suggested. C1 USDA ARS, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. Lawson Res Inst, London, ON N6A 4V2, Canada. Univ Western Ontario, St Josephs Hosp, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, London, ON N6A 4V2, Canada. Univ Western Ontario, St Josephs Hosp, Dept Physiol, London, ON N6A 4V2, Canada. RP Klemcke, HG (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 52 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 3 PU SOC STUDY REPRODUCTION PI MADISON PA 1603 MONROE ST, MADISON, WI 53711-2021 USA SN 0006-3363 J9 BIOL REPROD JI Biol. Reprod. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 69 IS 6 BP 1945 EP 1950 DI 10.1095/biolreprod.103.018150 PG 6 WC Reproductive Biology SC Reproductive Biology GA 746XE UT WOS:000186772300024 PM 12904312 ER PT J AU Brzeski, H Katenhusen, RA Sullivan, AG Russell, S George, A Somiari, RI Shriver, C AF Brzeski, H Katenhusen, RA Sullivan, AG Russell, S George, A Somiari, RI Shriver, C TI Albumin depletion method for improved plasma glycoprotein analysis by two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis SO BIOTECHNIQUES LA English DT Article ID IDENTIFICATION; CANCER; SERUM C1 Windber Res Inst, Windber, PA 15963 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Brzeski, H (reprint author), Windber Res Inst, 600 Somerset Ave, Windber, PA 15963 USA. NR 11 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU EATON PUBLISHING CO PI NATICK PA 154 E. CENTRAL ST, NATICK, MA 01760 USA SN 0736-6205 J9 BIOTECHNIQUES JI Biotechniques PD DEC PY 2003 VL 35 IS 6 BP 1128 EP + PG 4 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 753UX UT WOS:000187249900002 PM 14682044 ER PT J AU Nelson, EL Prieto, D Alexander, TG Pushko, P Lofts, LA Rayner, JO Kamrud, KI Fralish, B Smith, JF AF Nelson, EL Prieto, D Alexander, TG Pushko, P Lofts, LA Rayner, JO Kamrud, KI Fralish, B Smith, JF TI Venezuelan equine encephalitis replicon immunization overcomes intrinsic tolerance and elicits effective anti-tumor immunity to the 'self' tumor-associated antigen, neu in a rat mammary tumor model SO BREAST CANCER RESEARCH AND TREATMENT LA English DT Review DE breast cancer; immunotherapy; neu; rat tumor model; replicon vector ID SEMLIKI-FOREST-VIRUS; TRANSGENIC BALB/C MICE; COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR; CYTOTOXIC T-LYMPHOCYTES; GROWTH-FACTOR RECEPTOR; PROTECT GUINEA-PIGS; BREAST-CANCER; DNA VACCINATION; IN-VITRO; HER-2/NEU PROTEIN AB Many tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) represent 'self' antigens and as such, are subject to the constraints of immunologic tolerance. There are significant barriers to eliciting anti-tumor immune responses of sufficient magnitude. We have taken advantage of a Venezuelan equine encephalitis-derived alphavirus replicon vector system with documented in vivo tropism for immune system dendritic cells. We have overcome the intrinsic tolerance to the 'self' TAA rat neu and elicited an effective anti-tumor immune response using this alphavirus replicon vector system and a designed target antigen in a rigorous rat mammary tumor model. We have demonstrated the capacity to generate 50% protection in tumor challenge experiments (p=0.004) and we have confirmed the establishment of immunologic memory by both second tumor challenge and Winn Assay (p=0.009). Minor antibody responses were identified and supported the establishment of T helper type 1 (Th1) anti-tumor immune responses by isotype. Animals surviving in excess of 300 days with established effective anti-tumor immunity showed no signs of autoimmune phenomena. Together these experiments support the establishment of T lymphocyte dependent, Th1-biased anti-tumor immune responses to a non-mutated 'self' TAA in an aggressive tumor model. Importantly, this tumor model is subject to the constraints of immunologic tolerance present in animals with normal developmental, temporal, and anatomical expression of a non-mutated TAA. These data support the continued development and potential clinical application of this alphaviral replicon vector system and the use of appropriately designed target antigen sequences for anti-tumor immunotherapy. C1 Univ Calif Irvine, Sch Biol Sci, Sch Med & Mol Biol & Biochem, Dept Med,Div Hematol Oncol, Irvine, CA USA. NCI, SAIC Frederick, FCRC, Frederick, MD 21701 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, Frederick, MD USA. AlphaVax Inc, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Nelson, EL (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Sch Biol Sci, Sch Med & Mol Biol & Biochem, Dept Med,Div Hematol Oncol, Rm 375B, Irvine, CA USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [N01-CO-12400] NR 115 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6806 J9 BREAST CANCER RES TR JI Breast Cancer Res. Treat. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 82 IS 3 BP 169 EP 183 DI 10.1023/B:BREA.0000004373.09678.bb PG 15 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 744MP UT WOS:000186636500004 PM 14703064 ER PT J AU Avery Olsen Aber Shea Someshwar AF Avery Olsen Aber Shea Someshwar TI Policy discussions at the AMS policy forum on improving responses to climate predictions SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. East West Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96848 USA. Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. AMS, Boston, MA 02108 USA. RP Avery (reprint author), AMS, Boston, MA 02108 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0003-0007 J9 B AM METEOROL SOC JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 84 IS 12 BP 1697 EP 1702 PG 6 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 758YD UT WOS:000187678900022 ER PT J AU Yamamoto, K Okamura, D Kurahara, D Liao, K Kimura, L Simafranca, R Musgrave, J Person, D Galario, J Yamaga, K AF Yamamoto, K Okamura, D Kurahara, D Liao, K Kimura, L Simafranca, R Musgrave, J Person, D Galario, J Yamaga, K TI Do urinary mononuclear cells reflect disease activity in Lupus nephritis? SO CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE systemic lupus erythematosus; lupus nephritis; urinary mononuclear cells; glomerular inflammation ID MONOCYTE CHEMOATTRACTANT PROTEIN-1; RENAL-DISEASE; ERYTHEMATOSUS; EXPRESSION; CYTOLOGY; LESIONS; SLE AB Glomerular inflammation is associated with urinary mononuclear cells (UMC) in a number of diseases including IgA nephropathy and glomerulonephritis. We examined UMC from children with lupus nephritis for a number of years to characterize the types of mononuclear cells found in urine and to determine if they were associated with active lupus nephritis. Detailed analysis of UMC by cell counts and by flow cytometry showed that monocytes were the clearly dominant cell type. Evaluation of the smaller number of lymphocytes found in the urine of patients with active lupus nephritis demonstrated a strong predominance of CD8(+) lymphocytes, in contrast to the normal CD4(+)/CD8(+) ratio that is found in peripheral blood. The degree of proteinuria strongly correlated with the presence of UMC. The UMC counts decreased as their clinical condition improved as indicated by lower indices of flare. These observations suggest that UMC may be a valuable tool in detecting and monitoring disease activity in patients with severe lupus nephritis. More importantly, this study indicated that both monocytes and cytotoxic CD8(+) T cells may play a role in pathogenesis of lupus nephritis. C1 Univ Hawaii, John A Burns Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Honolulu, HI 96826 USA. Kapiolani Childrens Specialty Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96826 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Hawaii Pacific Hlth Res Inst, Honolulu, HI 96826 USA. Univ Hawaii, Leahi Hosp, John A Burns Sch Med, Dept Trop Med & Med Microbiol, Honolulu, HI 96816 USA. RP Yamamoto, K (reprint author), Univ Hawaii, John A Burns Sch Med, Dept Pediat, 1319 Punahou St, Honolulu, HI 96826 USA. EM karay@kapiolani.org NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU CELLULAR & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY PI NOISY-LE-GRAND PA PROF R WEGMANN RESIDENCE HAUSSMANN 1 AVENUE DU PAVE NEUF, 93160 NOISY-LE-GRAND, FRANCE SN 0145-5680 J9 CELL MOL BIOL JI Cell. Mol. Biol. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 49 IS 8 BP 1333 EP 1337 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 774JZ UT WOS:000188977500023 PM 14984006 ER PT J AU Gu, ZF Januskiewicz, AJ AF Gu, ZF Januskiewicz, AJ TI Effects of brief exposure to high concentrations of nitric oxide-air mixtures on breathing in awake rats. SO CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NEW YORK SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Resp Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM zengfa.gu@na.amedd.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0893-228X J9 CHEM RES TOXICOL JI Chem. Res. Toxicol. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 16 IS 12 MA 65 BP 1676 EP 1676 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry; Toxicology GA 755AM UT WOS:000187365700086 ER PT J AU Chu, QS Forouzesh, B Schwartz, GH Jones, CJ Garrison, M Goldston, M Jimeno, J Izquierdo, M Flores, L Rosing, H Tolcher, AW Rowinsky, EK AF Chu, QS Forouzesh, B Schwartz, GH Jones, CJ Garrison, M Goldston, M Jimeno, J Izquierdo, M Flores, L Rosing, H Tolcher, AW Rowinsky, EK TI Clinical and pharmacokinetic phase I study of sequential paclitaxel and ET-743 every 2 weeks in patients with advanced solid tumors. SO CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT AACR-NCI-EORTC International Conference on Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics CY NOV 17-21, 2003 CL BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS SP AACR, NCI, EORTC C1 Inst Drug Dev, San Antonio, TX USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. PhamraMar SA, Madrid, Spain. Netherlands Canc Inst, Slotervaart Hosp, Amsterdam, Netherlands. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 1078-0432 J9 CLIN CANCER RES JI Clin. Cancer Res. PD DEC 1 PY 2003 VL 9 IS 16 SU S BP 6080S EP 6080S PN 2 PG 1 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 756LU UT WOS:000187467300048 ER PT J AU Mita, AC Hammond, LA Garrison, M Eastham, E Chu, Q Syed, S Weiss, G Marsh, S Jekunen, A Weitman, S Rowinsky, EK AF Mita, AC Hammond, LA Garrison, M Eastham, E Chu, Q Syed, S Weiss, G Marsh, S Jekunen, A Weitman, S Rowinsky, EK TI A phase I and pharmacokinetic (PK) study of ILX651, a third generation dolostatin 15 analog administered IV Weekly x 3 weeks every 4 weeks in patients with advanced solid malignancies. SO CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT AACR-NCI-EORTC International Conference on Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics CY NOV 17-21, 2003 CL BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS SP AACR, NCI, EORTC C1 Inst Drug Dev, San Antonio, TX USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78285 USA. Ilex Oncol Inc, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 1078-0432 J9 CLIN CANCER RES JI Clin. Cancer Res. PD DEC 1 PY 2003 VL 9 IS 16 SU S BP 6134S EP 6134S PN 2 PG 1 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 756LU UT WOS:000187467300263 ER PT J AU Kraus, NC AF Kraus, NC TI Analytical model of incipient breaching of coastal barriers SO COASTAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE breach; inlet; barrier island; mathematical model; Moriches Inlet; morphology modeling ID NEW-YORK; INLET AB A mathematical model is formulated to describe incipient breaching of coastal barrier islands. The model is based on the assumptions of idealized breach morphology and is intended to describe the growth of breaches prior to possible closure by longshore sediment transport. The two coupled, non-linear equations governing breach width and depth are solved analytically for special cases. The analytical solutions explicitly exhibit an exponential behavior in breach dimensions and reveal that the macroscale process of breach growth is controlled by seven variables: initial width and depth of the breach, equilibrium width and depth of the breach, width of the barrier island, and maximum or initial net sediment transport rates at the bottom and sides of the breach. The literature is reviewed to compile general properties of coastal breaches, and sensitivity testing shows the model to be compatible with those observations. The model is applied to simulate the 1980 breach at Moriches Inlet, New York, and reasonable agreement is found. C1 USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Kraus, NC (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM Nicholas.C.Kraus.@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 40 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 5 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 912805, SINGAPORE SN 0578-5634 J9 COAST ENG J JI Coast Eng. J. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 45 IS 4 BP 511 EP 531 DI 10.1142/S057856340300097X PG 21 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean SC Engineering GA 775LN UT WOS:000189042100002 ER PT J AU Seabergh, WC Kraus, NC AF Seabergh, WC Kraus, NC TI Progress in management of sediment bypassing at coastal inlets: Natural bypassing, weir jetties, jetty spurs, and engineering aids in design SO COASTAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE coastal inlets; sand bypassing; weir jetty; jetty spur AB Maintenance of navigable channels at coastal inlets typically requires sediment bypassing to preserve integrity of the adjacent beaches. Artificial bypassing mimics or preserves the pathways of sediment in the littoral zone and harmonizes the requirement for deepening navigation channels within the context of the natural sediment-sharing system of inlets and beaches. A range of techniques can be applied to perform bypassing. Customary on-demand channel dredging is not always the best solution because sediment shoaling does not necessarily follow a predictable schedule, potentially compromising navigation reliability between allowable dredging windows. If sediment can be directed to a location other than the channel, planning of dredge operations may be optimized and less expensive equipment feasible. A weir jetty system is one such solution. This paper presents progress in understanding of sediment bypassing through analytical prediction and takes a lessons-learned approach to design and modification of weir jetty bypassing systems. Results from recent physical model studies of spur jetties are also discussed with regard to their control on the nearshore current at coastal inlets and how spurs can be designed to alter sediment bypassing. C1 USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Seabergh, WC (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM William.C.Seabergh@erdc.usace.army.mil; Nicholas.C.Kraus@crdc.usace.army.mil NR 42 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 912805, SINGAPORE SN 0578-5634 J9 COAST ENG J JI Coast Eng. J. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 45 IS 4 BP 533 EP 563 DI 10.1142/S0578563403000944 PG 31 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean SC Engineering GA 775LN UT WOS:000189042100003 ER PT J AU Hoffman, P AF Hoffman, P TI The "view thing" outside academia SO CONSERVATION ECOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Seattle, WA USA. RP Hoffman, P (reprint author), POB 3755, Seattle, WA 98124 USA. EM philip.l.hoffman@usace.army.mil NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU RESILIENCE ALLIANCE PI WOLFVILLE PA ACADIA UNIV, BIOLOGY DEPT, WOLFVILLE, NS B0P 1X0, CANADA SN 1195-5449 J9 CONSERV ECOL JI Conserv. Ecol. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 7 IS 2 AR r2 PG 2 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 779NY UT WOS:000189307800011 ER PT J AU Yershov, AL Jordan, BS Guymon, CH McManus, AT Dubick, MA AF Yershov, AL Jordan, BS Guymon, CH McManus, AT Dubick, MA TI Relationship between the inoculum dose of S. pneumoniae and pneumonia onset in a rabbit model SO CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 33rd Critical Care Congress of the Society-of-Critical-Care-Medicine CY FEB 20-25, 2004 CL ORLANDO, FLORIDA SP Soc Critical Care Med C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0090-3493 J9 CRIT CARE MED JI Crit. Care Med. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 31 IS 12 SU S MA 181 BP A48 EP A48 PN 2 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine GA 758LW UT WOS:000187636500172 ER PT J AU Holland, TD O'Brien, MJ Fessler, DMT AF Holland, TD O'Brien, MJ Fessler, DMT TI On morning sickness and the neolithic revolution SO CURRENT ANTHROPOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID PREHISTORIC MIDWEST; HUMAN POPULATION; PREGNANCY; NAUSEA; AGRICULTURE; FERTILITY C1 USA, Cent Identificat Lab, Hickam AFB, HI 96853 USA. Univ Missouri, Dept Anthropol, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Anthropol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Holland, TD (reprint author), USA, Cent Identificat Lab, Hickam AFB, HI 96853 USA. RI Fessler, Daniel/G-8485-2012; Henrich, Joseph/A-2403-2009 NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 6 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0011-3204 J9 CURR ANTHROPOL JI Curr. Anthropol. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 44 IS 5 BP 707 EP 711 DI 10.1086/379259 PG 5 WC Anthropology SC Anthropology GA 737AJ UT WOS:000186203300012 ER PT J AU Bray, DW Smith, SB Elston, DM AF Bray, DW Smith, SB Elston, DM TI A 44-year-old man presented with brittle scalp hair of varying lengths. Monilethrix SO CUTIS LA English DT Article ID HHB6 C1 Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Family Practice, Ft Lewis, WA USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio Uniformed Hlth Serv Educ Consortium, Dept Dermatol, San Antonio, TX USA. Geisinger Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Danville, PA 17822 USA. Geisinger Med Ctr, Dept Lab Med, Danville, PA 17822 USA. RP Bray, DW (reprint author), Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Family Practice, Ft Lewis, WA USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU QUADRANT HEALTHCOM INC PI CHATHAM PA 26 MAIN ST, STE A, CHATHAM, NJ 07928-2402 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD DEC PY 2003 VL 72 IS 6 BP 431 EP + PG 3 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 753VD UT WOS:000187250500002 PM 14700211 ER PT J AU Kinsley-Scott, TR Young, RJ Meffert, JJ AF Kinsley-Scott, TR Young, RJ Meffert, JJ TI Keratosis punctata of the instep SO CUTIS LA English DT Article ID PALMAR CREASES AB We present a case of keratosis punctata involving the instep of both feet in addition to palmar and plantar creases, a finding not previously reported to our knowledge. We also discuss a closely related entity, keratosis punctata palmaris et plantaris (KPPP), and why we believe our case does not simply represent a variant of keratosis punctata of the palmar creases (KPPC). C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio Uniformed Serv Hlth Educ Consortium, Dept Dermatol, San Antonio, TX 78134 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. Dermatol Element, Andrews AFB, MD USA. RP Meffert, JJ (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol MCHE DD, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, San Antonio, TX 78134 USA. NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU QUADRANT HEALTHCOM INC PI CHATHAM PA 26 MAIN ST, STE A, CHATHAM, NJ 07928-2402 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD DEC PY 2003 VL 72 IS 6 BP 451 EP 452 PG 2 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 753VD UT WOS:000187250500008 PM 14700216 ER PT J AU Perkins, EJ Lotufo, GR AF Perkins, EJ Lotufo, GR TI Playing in the mud-using gene expression to assess contaminant effects on sediment dwelling invertebrates SO ECOTOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE bioaccumulation; 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene; polyaromatic hydrocarbon; real-time PCR; retrotransposon ID HUMAN L1 RETROTRANSPOSON; ESTUARINE AMPHIPOD; TRANSCRIPTION; PROMOTER; BIOASSAY; REPAIR AB Bioaccumulation and toxicity tests using benthic invertebrates such as the estuarine amphipod Leptocheirus plumulosus are typically used to assess the ecological risk associated with contaminated sediments. Despite their ecological and regulatory importance, little is known about such species at the genetic level. To begin understanding cellular and genetic responses of L. plumulosus to contaminants, we isolated several of their genes and developed quantitative assays to measure the effects of water exposures to 2, 4, 6-trinitrotoluene and phenanthrene on gene expression. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays demonstrated that the expression of the genes for actin and a retrotransposon, hopper, was dependent on the exposure and tissue concentrations of those chemicals. Our data suggests that exposure to the explosive 2, 4, 6-trinitrotoluene and phenanthrene may induce movement of hopper resulting in unexpected genotoxic results. C1 USA, Environm Lab, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Corps Engineers, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Perkins, EJ (reprint author), USA, Environm Lab, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Corps Engineers, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 16 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 4 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0963-9292 J9 ECOTOXICOLOGY JI Ecotoxicology PD DEC PY 2003 VL 12 IS 6 BP 453 EP 456 DI 10.1023/B:ECTX.0000003029.70980.2f PG 4 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 742MG UT WOS:000186521000002 PM 14680323 ER PT J AU Zhang, SS Xu, K Jow, TR AF Zhang, SS Xu, K Jow, TR TI Effect of Li2CO3-coating on the performance of natural graphite in Li-ion battery SO ELECTROCHEMISTRY COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE graphite; Li2CO3; surface modification; storage performance; Li-ion battery ID SOLID-ELECTROLYTE INTERFACE; ANODE MATERIAL; VINYLENE CARBONATE; NEGATIVE ELECTRODE; COATED GRAPHITE; LI2CO3 AB The effect of Li2CO3-coating on the performance of natural graphite in a Li-ion battery was studied. It is shown that Li2CO3-coating can effectively increase reversibility of the initial forming cycle of Li/graphite half-cell. More interestingly, the Li2CO3-coating significantly suppresses self-delithiation of the lithiated graphite, which enhances storage performance of the Li-ion battery. The Li2CO3-coated graphite also shows higher capacity retention after long-term cycling. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Zhang, SS (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RI Zhang, Sheng/A-4456-2012; Xu, Kang/C-6054-2013 OI Zhang, Sheng/0000-0003-4435-4110; NR 22 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 2 U2 24 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1388-2481 J9 ELECTROCHEM COMMUN JI Electrochem. Commun. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 5 IS 12 BP 979 EP 982 DI 10.1016/j.elecom.2003.09.014 PG 4 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA 742TW UT WOS:000186535000001 ER PT J AU Estrada-Franco, JG Navarro-Lopez, R Beasley, DWC Coffey, L Carrara, AS da Rosa, AT Clements, T Wang, EY Ludwig, GV Cortes, AC Ramirez, PP Tesh, RB Barrett, ADT Weaver, SC AF Estrada-Franco, JG Navarro-Lopez, R Beasley, DWC Coffey, L Carrara, AS da Rosa, AT Clements, T Wang, EY Ludwig, GV Cortes, AC Ramirez, PP Tesh, RB Barrett, ADT Weaver, SC TI West Nile virus in Mexico: Evidence of widespread circulation since July 2002 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID SEROLOGIC EVIDENCE; NEUROINVASIVENESS; ENCEPHALITIS; INFECTION; STRAINS; HORSES; STATE AB West Nile virus (WNV) antibodies were detected in horses from five Mexican states, and WNV was isolated from a Common Raven in the state of Tabasco. Phylogenetic studies indicate that this isolate, the first from Mexico, is related to strains from the central United States but has a relatively high degree of sequence divergence. C1 Univ Texas, Med Branch, Dept Pathol, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. Comis Mexico Estados Unidos Prevenc, Fiebre Aftosa & Otras Enfermendades Exot Anim, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Weaver, SC (reprint author), Univ Texas, Med Branch, Dept Pathol, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. RI Weaver, Scott/D-6490-2011 FU NIAID NIH HHS [N01-AI-25489, N01AI25489]; ODCDC CDC HHS [U90 CCU 618754] NR 14 TC 95 Z9 109 U1 0 U2 2 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD DEC PY 2003 VL 9 IS 12 BP 1604 EP 1607 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 753TX UT WOS:000187247600016 PM 14720402 ER PT J AU Lewis, MD Yousuf, AA Lerdthusnee, K Razee, A Chandranoi, K Jones, JW AF Lewis, MD Yousuf, AA Lerdthusnee, K Razee, A Chandranoi, K Jones, JW TI Scrub typhus reemergence in the Maldives SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID RICKETTSIA-TSUTSUGAMUSHI; DIAGNOSIS; ANTIBODY; DISEASES AB in summer 2002, an outbreak of febrile illness began in the Maldives in the Indian Ocean. Through April 2003, officials recorded 168 cases with 10 deaths. The Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences in Bangkok confirmed Orientia tsutsugamushi and conducted a joint investigation with the Ministry of Health, Maldives. These cases of scrub typhus were the first in the Maldives since World War II. C1 Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Def, Emerging Infect Program, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Minist Hlth, Male, Maldives. Indira Gandhi Mem Hosp, Male, Maldives. RP Lewis, MD (reprint author), Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Def, Emerging Infect Program, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. NR 15 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 2 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD DEC PY 2003 VL 9 IS 12 BP 1638 EP 1641 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 753TX UT WOS:000187247600027 PM 14720413 ER PT J AU Casem, D Fourney, WL Chang, P AF Casem, D Fourney, WL Chang, P TI A polymeric split Hopkinson pressure bar instrumented with velocity gages SO EXPERIMENTAL MECHANICS LA English DT Article DE split Hopkinson Bar; viscoelastic; bar wave dispersion; electromagnetic velocity gages ID WAVE-PROPAGATION; DISPERSION AB Polymeric split Hopkinson pressure bars are often used to test low-impedance materials at elevated strain rates. However, they tend to be viscoelastic, and a viscoelastic wave propagation model is required to analyze the data, This considerably complicates the analysis over the more common linear elastic split Hopkinson bar. In this research, a polymeric split Hopkinson bar is instrumented with electromagnetic velocity gages. The gages are placed at the interfaces between the bars and the specimen. By using this arrangement, viscoelastic effects in the bars are negligible and the need for a viscoelastic correction is eliminated. The method is applied by testing low-density foams. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, WM TD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Aerosp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Civil Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Casem, D (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, WM TD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 10 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 6 BONHILL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4PU, ENGLAND SN 0014-4851 J9 EXP MECH JI Exp. Mech. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 43 IS 4 BP 420 EP 427 DI 10.1177/0014485103434007 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science; Mechanics GA 750NX UT WOS:000187003600007 ER PT J AU Godkar, P Gordon, RK Ravindran, A Doctor, BP AF Godkar, P Gordon, RK Ravindran, A Doctor, BP TI Celastrus paniculatus seed water soluble extracts protect cultured rat forebrain neuronal cells from hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative injury SO FITOTERAPIA LA English DT Article DE Celastrus paniculatus; hydrogen peroxide-induced toxicity; neurodegenerative diseases; neuronal cells; antioxidant enzymes ID ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; STRESS; GLUTAMATE; TOXICITY; BRAIN; DODECYLGLYCEROL; PERFORMANCE; SYSTEM; ASSAY AB The effects of aqueous extracts of Celastrus paniculatus (CP) seeds were shown to have antioxidant properties in rats. In the study reported here, we have investigated the free radical scavenging capacity of three aqueous extracts (WSEs) obtained from CP seeds: a room temperature extract (WF); a hot water extract (HF); an acid extract (AF). All the WSEs exhibited a dose-dependent free radical scavenging capacity for 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) and also for superoxide-generated assays (in vitro assays). in addition, we used enriched forebrain primary neuronal cell (FBNC) cultures to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of the three CP-WSE extracts on H(2)O(2)-induced toxicity. FBNC were pre-treated with the CP-WSE and then with H(2)O(2) to evaluate the protection afforded against H(2)O(2)-induced toxicity. The criteria for neuroprotection by the WSEs were based on a mitochondrial function test following the H(2)O(2)-induced neurotoxicity. All the WSEs significantly attenuated H(2)O(2)-induced neuronal death, and AF was the most effective in protecting the neuronal cells against oxidative injury caused by H(2)O(2). In 10 day FBNC, cellular superoxide dismutase activity was not affected by the WSEs or H(2)O(2), but catalase activity was decreased and levels of malondialdehyde were increased by H(2)O(2) treatment. When the neuronal cells were treated with WSEs prior to H(2)O(2) exposure, catalase activity was increased and levels of malondialdehyde were decreased significantly. The data presented here suggest that CP seed WSEs protected neuronal cells in part by their free radical scavenging properties, by reducing lipid peroxidation, and also by their ability to induce the antioxidant enzyme catalase. Our results indicate that WSEs might exert neuroprotective effects against increased oxidative stress resulting from free radical damage that is associated with a number of neurodegenerative diseases. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Biochem Pharmacol, Div Biochem, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Natl Naval Med Ctr, Environm Physiol Dept, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Gordon, RK (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Biochem Pharmacol, Div Biochem, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM Richard.Gordon@na.amedd.army.mil NR 36 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0367-326X J9 FITOTERAPIA JI Fitoterapia PD DEC PY 2003 VL 74 IS 7-8 BP 658 EP 669 DI 10.1016/S0367-326X(03)00190-4 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 767RH UT WOS:000188466100007 PM 14630170 ER PT J AU Edwards, JSA Meiselman, HL Edwards, A Lesher, L AF Edwards, JSA Meiselman, HL Edwards, A Lesher, L TI The influence of eating location on the acceptability of identically prepared foods SO FOOD QUALITY AND PREFERENCE LA English DT Article DE situation; food acceptance; eating location; context ID BEHAVIOR AB Three different classes of variables, namely the food, individual and situation, contribute to the appreciation of food. A dish, Chicken la King and Rice, prepared from identical ingredients and to a standard recipe, was served to consumers in a variety of settings ranging from a residential home for the elderly to a 4-star restaurant. Local custom and procedures for the service and consumption of the dish were observed and diners asked to rate its acceptability. Results show that location contributed significantly (P<0.009) to overall acceptability. A hierarchy of locations emerge with upscale restaurants receiving higher scores than institutional settings. Gender did not appear to contribute to the variance although, in general, younger people tended to give lower ratings. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Bournemouth Univ, London Res Ctr, Worshipful Co Cooks, Poole BH12 5BB, Dorset, England. USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Geoctr, Newton, MA USA. RP Edwards, JSA (reprint author), Bournemouth Univ, London Res Ctr, Worshipful Co Cooks, Poole BH12 5BB, Dorset, England. NR 18 TC 66 Z9 66 U1 0 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0950-3293 J9 FOOD QUAL PREFER JI Food. Qual. Prefer. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 14 IS 8 BP 647 EP 652 DI 10.1016/S0950-3293(02)00189-1 PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 712LJ UT WOS:000184798900003 ER PT J AU Surface, EA Dierdoff, EC AF Surface, EA Dierdoff, EC TI Reliability and the ACTFL Oral Proficiency Interview: Reporting indices of interrater consistency and agreement for 19 languages SO FOREIGN LANGUAGE ANNALS LA English DT Article ID GUIDELINES; SPEAKING; FRENCH AB The reliability of the ACTFL Oral Proficiency Interview (OPI) has not been reported since ACTFL revised its speaking proficiency guidelines in 1999. Reliability data for assessments should be reported periodically to provide users with enough information to evaluate the psychometric characteristics of the assessment. This study provided the most comprehensive analysis of ACTFL OPI reliability to date, reporting interrater consistency and agreement data for 19 different languages. Overall, the interrater reliability of the ACTFL OPI was found to be very high. These results demonstrate the importance of using an OPI assessment program that has a well-designed interview process, a well-articulated set of criteria for proficiency determination, a solid rater training program, and an experienced cadre of testers. Based on the data reported, educators and employers who use the ACTFL OPI can expect reliable results and use the scores generated from the testing process with increased confidence. Recommendations for future research are discussed. C1 Surface Ward & Associates, Raleigh, NC USA. Depaul Univ, Coll Commerce, Ft Bragg, NC USA. RP Surface, EA (reprint author), Surface Ward & Associates, Raleigh, NC USA. NR 27 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER COUNCIL TEACH FOREIG LANG PI YONKERS PA 6 EXECUTIVE PLAZA, YONKERS, NY 10701-6801 USA SN 0015-718X J9 FOREIGN LANG ANN JI Foreign Lang. Ann. PD WIN PY 2003 VL 36 IS 4 BP 507 EP 519 PG 13 WC Education & Educational Research; Linguistics SC Education & Educational Research; Linguistics GA 778DY UT WOS:000189225000005 ER PT J AU Rex, DK Cummings, OW Shaw, M Cumings, MD Wong, RKH Vasudeva, RS Dunne, D Rahmani, EY Helper, DJ AF Rex, DK Cummings, OW Shaw, M Cumings, MD Wong, RKH Vasudeva, RS Dunne, D Rahmani, EY Helper, DJ TI Screening for Barrett's esophagus in colonoscopy patients with and without heartburn SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID SPECIALIZED INTESTINAL METAPLASIA; COLUMNAR-LINED ESOPHAGUS; ESOPHAGOGASTRIC JUNCTION; GASTRIC CARDIA; METHYLENE-BLUE; RISK-FACTORS; GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX; SHORT SEGMENTS; ADENOCARCINOMA; PREVALENCE AB Background & Aims: The population prevalence of Barrett's esophagus (BE) is uncertain. Our aim was to describe the prevalence of BE in a volunteer population. Methods: Upper endoscopy (EGD) was performed in 961 persons with no prior history of EGD who were scheduled for colonoscopy. Symptom questionnaires were completed prior to endoscopy. Biopsy specimens were taken from the gastric cardia and any columnar mucosa extending greater than or equal to5 mm into the tubular esophagus and from the stomach for H. pylori infection in the last 8:12 patients. Results: The study sample was biased toward persons undergoing colonoscopy, males, and persons with upper GI symptoms. The prevalence of BE was 65 of 96:1 (6.8%) patients, including 12 (1.2%) with long-segment BE (LSBE). Among 556 subjects who had never had heartburn, the prevalences of BE and LSBE were 5.6% and 0.36%, respectively. Among 384 subjects with a history of any heartburn, the prevalences of BE and LSBE were 8.3% and 2.6%, respectively. In a univariate analysis, LSBE was more common in those with any heartburn vs. those with no heartburn (P = 0.01), but the sample size was insufficient to allow multivariate analysis of predictors of LSBE. In a multivariate analysis, BE was associated with increasing age (P = 0.02), white race (P = 0.03), and negative H. pylori status (P = 0.04). Overall, BE was not associated with heartburn, although heartburn was more common in persons with LSBE or circumferential short segments. Conclusions: LSBE is very uncommon in patients who have no history of heartburn. SSBE is relatively common in persons age greater than or equal to40 years with no prior endoscopy, irrespective of heartburn history. C1 Univ S Carolina, Columbia, MO USA. Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Gastroenterol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Pk Nicolette Med Ctr, Minneapolis, MN USA. Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Indianapolis, IN USA. RP Rex, DK (reprint author), Indiana Univ Hosp, 550 N Univ Blvd,4100, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. NR 56 TC 236 Z9 238 U1 0 U2 3 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD DEC PY 2003 VL 125 IS 6 BP 1670 EP 1677 DI 10.1053/S0016-5085(03)01523-3 PG 8 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 752QA UT WOS:000187177600018 PM 14724819 ER PT J AU Duncan, M Wong, RKH AF Duncan, M Wong, RKH TI Esophageal emergencies: things that will wake you from a sound sleep SO GASTROENTEROLOGY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article ID UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL-TRACT; FOREIGN-BODIES; FOOD IMPACTION; FILM FINDINGS; PERFORATION; MANAGEMENT; INGESTION; STRICTURES; ENDOSCOPY; DIAGNOSIS AB This article covers the large topic of esophageal emergencies. It is designed to act as a reference for three topics: (1) caustic ingestion, (2) foreign bodies, and (3) esophageal perforation. Each section is designed to give the reader a current understanding of the problem and then provide a review of therapies and guidance as to which are beneficial. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Duncan, M (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, 6900 Georgia Ave NW,Bldg 2 7F, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 75 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0889-8553 J9 GASTROENTEROL CLIN N JI Gastroenterol. Clin. North Am. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 32 IS 4 BP 1035 EP + DI 10.1016/S0889-8553(03)00087-6 PG 21 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 753WC UT WOS:000187253200002 PM 14696296 ER PT J AU Shebell, P Faller, S Monetti, M Bronson, F Hagenauer, R Jarrell, CL Keefer, D Moos, JR Panzarino, N Reiman, RT Sparks, BJ Thisell, M AF Shebell, P Faller, S Monetti, M Bronson, F Hagenauer, R Jarrell, CL Keefer, D Moos, JR Panzarino, N Reiman, RT Sparks, BJ Thisell, M TI An in situ gamma-ray spectrometry intercomparison SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE spectrometry, gamma; calibration; radiation; environmental; soil ID CALIBRATION; DETECTOR; SOIL AB This paper provides the results of an in situ gamma-ray spectrometry intercomparison that was held from 18-21 October 1999, in Grand Junction, CO. This intercomparison was a collaborative effort between the U.S. Department of Energy's Environmental Measurements Laboratory and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Office of Radiation and Indoor Air. It featured measurements of a background location and the Walker Field Calibration Pads. In this paper, the in situ gamma-ray measurements of the background location were compared to soil samples, and the in situ measurements of the Walker Field Calibration Pads were compared to corrected reference values. The results showed that 84% of the in situ gamma-ray measurements of Ra-226, Th-232, and K-40 at the background location fell within 20% of the soil sample mean. Similarly, in situ gamma-ray measurements of the Walker Field Calibration Pads showed that 77% of the in situ concentrations fell within 20% of the corrected reference values. C1 US Dept Homeland Secur, Environm Measurements Lab, New York, NY 10014 USA. US EPA, Off Radiat & Indoor Air, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. Canberra Ind, Meridan, CT 06450 USA. Perkin Elmer Instruments, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. Sci & Ecol Corp, Berkeley, MO 63134 USA. USA, Corps Engn, Berkeley, MO 63134 USA. Duke Engn & Serv, Marlborough, MA 01752 USA. Sci Applicat Int Corp, Berkeley, MO 63134 USA. RP Shebell, P (reprint author), US Dept Homeland Secur, Environm Measurements Lab, 201 Varick St,5th Floor, New York, NY 10014 USA. EM peter.shebell@eml.doe.gov NR 37 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 85 IS 6 BP 662 EP 677 DI 10.1097/00004032-200312000-00012 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 744HB UT WOS:000186621000009 PM 14626318 ER PT J AU Tannenbaum, LV AF Tannenbaum, LV TI Understanding background in hazardous waste site risk assessments: Getting back to basics SO HUMAN AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE background; risk assessment; regulator; Superfund; CERCLA ID ECOLOGICAL RISK AB Comparing the concentrations of detected constituents in the environmental media of a contaminated site with those of background has been an important part of risk assessments over the last two decades. Despite its established place in the risk assessment process, the background comparison exercise nevertheless continues to create a source of friction amongst parties with vested interests in a site's evaluation. Challenges to the background comparison may reveal an agency's hidden agenda or may demonstrate that essential background concepts are either not well understood or have been forgotten. C1 USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, MCHB TS REH, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Tannenbaum, LV (reprint author), USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, MCHB TS REH, 5158 Blackhawk Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1080-7039 J9 HUM ECOL RISK ASSESS JI Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 9 IS 7 BP 1599 EP 1607 DI 10.1080/10807030390260227 PG 9 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 758VX UT WOS:000187673100004 ER PT J AU Hsieh, SJ Rash, CE Harding, TH Beasley, HH Martin, JS AF Hsieh, SJ Rash, CE Harding, TH Beasley, HH Martin, JS TI Helmet-mounted display image quality evaluation system SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT LA English DT Article DE helmet-mounted display (HMD); image quality evaluation system; integrated helmet display sighting system (IHADSS) AB Helmet-mounted displays (HMDs) provide essential pilotage and fire control imagery information for pilots. To maintain system integrity and readiness, there is a need to develop an image quality evaluation system for HMDs. In earlier work, a framework was proposed for an HMD system called the integrated helmet and display sighting system (IHADSS), used with the U.S. Army's Apache helicopter. This paper describes prototype development and interface design and summarizes bench test findings using three IHADSS helmet display units (HDUs). The prototype consists of hardware (cameras, sensors, image capture/data acquisition cards, battery pack, HDU holder, moveable rack and handle, and computer) and software algorithms for image capture and analysis. Two cameras with different-size apertures are mounted in parallel on a rack facing an HDU holder. A handle allows users to position the HDU in front of the two cameras. The HMD test pattern is then captured. Sensors detect the position of the holder and whether the HDU is angled correctly in relation to the camera. Algorithms detect HDU features captured by the two cameras, including focus, orientation, displacement, field-of-view, and number of grayshades. Bench testing of three field-quality HDUs indicates that the image analysis algorithms are robust and able to detect the desired image features. Suggested future directions include development of a learning algorithm to automatically develop or revise feature specifications as the number of inspection samples increases. C1 Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. USA, Aeromed Res Lab, Ft Rucker, AL 36362 USA. UES Inc, Ft Rucker, AL 36362 USA. RP Hsieh, SJ (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. NR 9 TC 2 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9456 J9 IEEE T INSTRUM MEAS JI IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 52 IS 6 BP 1838 EP 1845 DI 10.1109/TIM.2003.820497 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 745KM UT WOS:000186687900021 ER PT J AU Kim, Y Ballato, A AF Kim, Y Ballato, A TI Force-frequency effect of Y-cut langanite and Y-cut langatate SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ULTRASONICS FERROELECTRICS AND FREQUENCY CONTROL LA English DT Article ID RESONATORS; CONSTANTS; LANGASITE; LGT AB Most recently, langasite and its isomorphs (LGX) have been advanced as potential substitutes for quartz, owing to their extremely high-quality (Q) factors. At least twice higher Q value of LGX than that of quartz has been reported. High Q translates into potentially greater stability. In order to make such materials practical, the environmental sensitivities must be addressed. One of such sensitivities is the force-frequency effect, which relates the sensitiveness of a resonator to shock and vibration via the third-order (non-Hookean) elastic constants. In this paper, we report measured force-frequency coefficients of a Y-cut langanite (LGN) resonator and a Y-cut langatate (LGT) resonator as a function of the azimuthal angle, which is the angle between the crystalline x-axis of a resonator plate and the direction of in-plane diametric force applied to the periphery of the resonator. It was found that the LGN and the LGT behave like AT-cut quartz in the polarity of the frequency changes and the existence of zero-coefficient angle. The maximum magnitudes of the coefficients of the LGN and the LGT are five and seven times smaller than that of stress-compensated cut (SC-cut) quartz, respectively (or, 7 and 10 times smaller comparing to AT-cut quartz). The coefficients of planar-stress, which represent the superposition of a continuous distribution of periphery stresses, also were obtained as 0.52 x 10(-15) m(.)s/N and 0.38 x 10(-15) m(.)s/N for the LGN and the LGT, respectively. C1 USA, Commun Elect Command, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Ft Monmouth, NJ USA. RP Kim, Y (reprint author), USA, Commun Elect Command, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Ft Monmouth, NJ USA. EM Yoonkee.Kim@ieee.org NR 15 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0885-3010 J9 IEEE T ULTRASON FERR JI IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control PD DEC PY 2003 VL 50 IS 12 BP 1678 EP 1682 DI 10.1109/TUFFC.2003.1256308 PG 5 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Acoustics; Engineering GA 769AM UT WOS:000188604100007 PM 14761038 ER PT J AU Kim, Y AF Kim, Y TI Amplitude-frequency effect of Y-cut langanite and langatate SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ULTRASONICS FERROELECTRICS AND FREQUENCY CONTROL LA English DT Article ID TRAPPED-ENERGY RESONATORS; THICKNESS-SHEAR; LANGASITE AB Amplitude-frequency effect of a Y-cut langanite (LGN) resonator and a Y-cut langatate (LGT) resonator were measured. The frequency shifts from the baseline frequency with 1 mA were measured as a function of drive currents up to 28 mA. High-drive current shifted the frequency, but it also heated the crystal locally, causing temperature-related frequency changes. The local heat transfer and its influence on the frequency were analyzed. The amplitude-frequency shift was effectively measured, and was not affected by the temperature-related frequency changes. The 3rd, 5th, and 7th overtones (OT's) were found to behave as soft springs, i.e., resonant frequency decreases as drive current increases. The drive sensitivity coefficients of the 3rd and 5th OT's are in the vicinity of -2 ppb/mA(2) for both resonators. The 7th OT's are higher than the other OT's: -5 similar to -7 ppb/mA(2). The lowest drive sensitivity is -1.2 ppb/mA(2) on the 5th OT of the LGT. C1 USA, Commun Elect Command, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Kim, Y (reprint author), USA, Commun Elect Command, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. EM Yoonkee.Kim@ieee.org NR 16 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0885-3010 J9 IEEE T ULTRASON FERR JI IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control PD DEC PY 2003 VL 50 IS 12 BP 1683 EP 1688 PG 6 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Acoustics; Engineering GA 769AM UT WOS:000188604100008 PM 14761039 ER PT J AU Rao, M Peachman, KK Alving, CR Rothwell, SW AF Rao, M Peachman, KK Alving, CR Rothwell, SW TI Depletion of cellular cholesterol interferes with intracellular trafficking of liposome-encapsulated ovalbumin SO IMMUNOLOGY AND CELL BIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE cholesterol; intracellular trafficking; liposomes; phagocytosis ID ANTIGEN PRESENTATION; PLASMA-MEMBRANE; TRANS-GOLGI; LIPID RAFTS; MACROPHAGES; CELLS; CAVEOLAE; REORGANIZATION; LOCALIZATION; ENGAGEMENT AB Cholesterol is a major constituent of plasma cell membranes and influences the functions of proteins residing in the membrane. To assess the role of cholesterol in phagocytosis and intracellular trafficking of liposomal antigen, macrophages were treated with inhibitors of cholesterol biosynthesis for various time periods and levels of cholesterol depletion were assessed by thin layer chromatography. In control macrophages, cholesterol was present in the plasma membrane and in intracellular stores, as visualised by staining with the cholesterol-binding compound filipin, whereas macrophages treated with cholesterol inhibitors failed to stain with filipin. However, these macrophages were still capable of phagocytosis as evidenced by their internalisation of fluorescent-labelled bacteria and liposome-encapsulated Texas red labelled-ovalbumin, L(TR-OVA). While fluorescent ovalbumin (OVA) was consistently transported to the Golgi in macrophages incubated with L(TR-OVA), in cells treated with cholesterol inhibitors, OVA remained spread diffusely throughout the cytoplasm. Even though the mean fluorescence intensity of MHC class I molecules on cholesterol inhibitor-treated macrophages was equivalent to that of the control macrophages, the amount of MHC class I-liposomal OVA-peptide complex detected on the cell surface of cholesterol inhibitor-treated macrophages, was only 45.6 +/- 7.4% (n = 4, mean +/- SEM) of control levels after intracellular processing of L(OVA). We conclude that cholesterol depletion does not eliminate phagocytosis or MHC class I surface expression, but does affect the trafficking and consequently the MHC class I antigen-processing pathway. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Membrane Biochem, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Blood Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Rao, M (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Membrane Biochem, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 32 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 5 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING ASIA PI CARLTON PA 54 UNIVERSITY ST, P O BOX 378, CARLTON, VICTORIA 3053, AUSTRALIA SN 0818-9641 J9 IMMUNOL CELL BIOL JI Immunol. Cell Biol. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 81 IS 6 BP 415 EP 423 DI 10.1046/j.1440-1711.2003.01192.x PG 9 WC Cell Biology; Immunology SC Cell Biology; Immunology GA 746ND UT WOS:000186751700001 PM 14636238 ER PT J AU Menning, BW AF Menning, BW TI Pieces of the puzzle: The role of Iu. N. Danilov and M. V. Alekseev in Russian war planning before 1914 SO INTERNATIONAL HISTORY REVIEW LA English DT Article C1 USA, Command & Gen Staff Coll, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Menning, BW (reprint author), USA, Command & Gen Staff Coll, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 41 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU SIMON FRASER UNIV, INT HISTORY REVIEW PI BURNABY PA EAA 2015, BURNABY, BC V5A 1S6, CANADA SN 0707-5332 J9 INT HIST REV JI Int. Hist. Rev. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 25 IS 4 BP 775 EP 798 DI 10.1080/07075332.2003.9641013 PG 24 WC History SC History GA 774AL UT WOS:000188957500002 ER PT J AU Blank, S AF Blank, S TI The new geopolitics of Eurasia and Turkey's position. SO INTERNATIONAL HISTORY REVIEW LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, War Coll, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Blank, S (reprint author), USA, War Coll, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SIMON FRASER UNIV, INT HISTORY REVIEW PI BURNABY PA EAA 2015, BURNABY, BC V5A 1S6, CANADA SN 0707-5332 J9 INT HIST REV JI Int. Hist. Rev. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 25 IS 4 BP 982 EP 982 PG 1 WC History SC History GA 774AL UT WOS:000188957500068 ER PT J AU Cellona, RV Balagon, MVF dela Cruz, EC Burgos, JA Abalos, RM Walsh, GP Topolski, R Gelber, RH Walsh, DS AF Cellona, RV Balagon, MVF dela Cruz, EC Burgos, JA Abalos, RM Walsh, GP Topolski, R Gelber, RH Walsh, DS TI Long-term efficacy of 2 year WHO multiple drug therapy (MDT) in multibacillary (MB) leprosy patients SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LEPROSY AND OTHER MYCOBACTERIAL DISEASES LA English DT Article ID DURATION MULTIDRUG THERAPY; TRAINING-CENTER ALERT; MYCOBACTERIUM-LEPRAE; FIXED-DURATION; CONTROL PROGRAM; FOLLOW-UP; LEPROMATOUS LEPROSY; WHO/MDT REGIMEN; AFRICA-LEPROSY; RELAPSE RATES AB Relapse rate estimates after 2 year WHO multiple drug therapy (MDT) in multi-bacillary (MB) leprosy vary. Between 1987 and 1994, 500 MB leprosy patients completing 2 year MDT were enrolled in a prospective relapse study. The majority of patients (N=316) were treated and followed at the physician-staffed Cebu Skin Clinic (CSC), whereas others (N=184) received therapy from government clinics and were followed by CSC technicians in the field. Relapse definition was an increased bacteriologic index (BI) and new skin lesions, supplemented with mouse footpad inoculations. Through 2002, follow-up was 5368 person-years, with a mean of 10.8 years per patient. The absolute relapse rate was 3% (15/498; 0.28/100 person-years), with a cumulative risk estimate of 3.9% at 15yrs. For a subset of 217 patients followed for greater than or equal to12 yrs or until relapse, relapses occurred in 9% (13/142) attending the CSC, versus 3% (2/75) assessed in the field (p=0.09). The rate for patients followed at CSC for greater than or equal to12yrs and a pre-treatment BI greater than or equal to2.7+ was 13% (13/98). All relapses were BL or LL, with pre-treatment BI's of greater than or equal to2.7+. Relapses occurred long after completion of therapy, between 3 and 11 yrs from the midpoint of the examination without relapse to detection, or between 6 to 13 yrs to the actual year of detection, 7 occurring at greater than or equal to10 yrs. Lesion material from all relapses contained M. leprae that was rifampin and clofazimine sensitive, whereas 3 showed partial or full dapsone resistance. [Follow-up rigor and time], medical expertise, and pre-treatment bacterial load influence relapse rates after 2 yr MDT. C1 Leonard Wood Mem Ctr Leprosy Res, Epidemiol Branch, Cebu 6000, Philippines. Augusta State Univ, Dept Psychol, Augusta, GA USA. Dwight D Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Serv Dermatol, Ft Gordon, GA USA. RP Cellona, RV (reprint author), Leonard Wood Mem Ctr Leprosy Res, Epidemiol Branch, POB 727, Cebu 6000, Philippines. EM lwmrectr@cvis.net.ph NR 58 TC 34 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT JOURNAL LEPROSY PI GREENVILLE PA BUSINESS & CIRCULATION OFFICE, 1 ALM WAY, GREENVILLE, SC 29601-9999 USA SN 0148-916X J9 INT J LEPROSY JI Int. J. Lepr. Other Mycobact. Dis. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 71 IS 4 BP 308 EP 319 DI 10.1489/1544-581X(2003)071<0308:LEOYWM>2.0.CO;2 PG 12 WC Microbiology; Pathology; Tropical Medicine SC Microbiology; Pathology; Tropical Medicine GA 776CQ UT WOS:000189097800001 PM 14763888 ER PT J AU Yankielun, NE Clark, JH AF Yankielun, NE Clark, JH TI Laboratory experiments with an optical instrument for measuring, recording and imaging washover SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OFFSHORE AND POLAR ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE washover; towed body; visualization AB Washover is the condition of occasional, partial or complete inundation of the surface of a body floating in water. Washover is typically caused by wave and wind action. A knowledge of the 3-dimensional spatial and temporal parameters of seawater washover of towed bodies, fixed and free drifting buoys, and other maritime powered, tethered and free-floating bodies is extremely helpful in understanding and improving their hydrostatic and hydrodynamic performance under a wide variety of sea states. Here we discuss the theory, implementation and initial testing of a newly developed fiber-optic-based method for 3-D spatial and temporal detection, measurement and visualization of washover (patent pending). This system is intended to provide real-time 3-D spatial and temporal detection, measurement and visualization of washover in freshwater, seawater, and possibly other transparent or translucent fluids. The system permits simultaneous, noninteracting measurements of temporal and spatial washover dynamics, along with measurements of water wave/electromagnetic interaction measurements for near-sea-surface antennas. Data can be acquired and displayed in real time, as well as stored for post-processing and analysis. The principles of the system have been bench tested and show promise for open-ocean washover testing of near-sea-surface buoyant towed bodies. In addition, temporal and spatial optical-based washover measurement is expected to provide an empirically based benchmarking process for computational fluid dynamic assessments of turbulent flow around arbitrarily shaped surface-towed or self-propelled bodies. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI USA. RP Yankielun, NE (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT SOC OFFSHORE POLAR ENGINEERS PI CUPERTINO PA PO BOX 189, CUPERTINO, CA 95015-0189 USA SN 1053-5381 J9 INT J OFFSHORE POLAR JI Int. J. Offshore Polar Eng. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 13 IS 4 BP 274 EP 279 PG 6 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 754LM UT WOS:000187318700006 ER PT J AU Wu, XY Ramesh, KT Wright, TW AF Wu, XY Ramesh, KT Wright, TW TI The coupled effects of plastic strain gradient and thermal softening on the dynamic growth of voids SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES LA English DT Article ID DUCTILE POROUS MATERIALS; VISCOPLASTIC MATERIALS; PORE-COLLAPSE; COALESCENCE; INDENTATION; FRACTURE; COPPER; PREDICTION; MICROVOIDS AB This paper examines the combined effects of temperature, strain gradient and inertia on the growth of voids in ductile fracture. A dislocation-based gradient plasticity theory [J. Mech. Phys. Solids 47 (1999) 1239, J. Mech. Phys. Solids 48 (2000) 99] is applied, and temperature effects are incorporated. Since a strong size-dependence is introduced into the dynamic growth of voids through gradient plasticity, a cut-off size is then set by the stress level of the applied loading. Only those voids that are initially larger than the cut-off size can grow rapidly. At the early stages of void growth, the effects of strain gradients greatly increase the stress level. Therefore, thermal softening has a strong effect in lowering the threshold stress for the unstable growth of voids. Once the voids start rapid growth, however, the influence of strain gradients will decrease, and the rate of dynamic void growth predicted by strain gradient plasticity approaches that predicted by classical plasticity theories. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Wu, XY (reprint author), Emory Univ, Dept Surg & Biomed Engn, Room 5105 WMB,1639 Pierce Dr, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. NR 33 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0020-7683 J9 INT J SOLIDS STRUCT JI Int. J. Solids Struct. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 40 IS 24 BP 6633 EP 6651 DI 10.1016/S0020-7683(03)00439-6 PG 19 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA 734ZH UT WOS:000186087500005 ER PT J AU Burns, S AF Burns, S TI Freedom is an endless meeting: Democracy in American social movements. SO JOURNAL OF AMERICAN HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 Coll Redwoods, Ft Bragg, CA USA. RP Burns, S (reprint author), Coll Redwoods, Ft Bragg, CA USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ORGANIZATION AMER HISTORIANS PI BLOOMINGTON PA 112 N BRYAN ST, BLOOMINGTON, IN 47408 USA SN 0021-8723 J9 J AM HIST JI J. Am. Hist. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 90 IS 3 BP 1094 EP 1095 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 750TB UT WOS:000187013200137 ER PT J AU Andrade, D AF Andrade, D TI Why the North won the Vietnam War. SO JOURNAL OF AMERICAN HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Ctr Mil Hist, Washington, DC USA. RP Andrade, D (reprint author), USA, Ctr Mil Hist, Washington, DC USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ORGANIZATION AMER HISTORIANS PI BLOOMINGTON PA 112 N BRYAN ST, BLOOMINGTON, IN 47408 USA SN 0021-8723 J9 J AM HIST JI J. Am. Hist. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 90 IS 3 BP 1098 EP 1099 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 750TB UT WOS:000187013200141 ER PT J AU DuBose, DA Wenger, CB Flinn, SD Judy, TA Dubovtsev, AI Morehouse, DH AF DuBose, DA Wenger, CB Flinn, SD Judy, TA Dubovtsev, AI Morehouse, DH TI Distribution and mitogen response of peripheral blood lymphocytes after exertional heat injury SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE leukocytes; lymphocyte subsets; hyperthermia; heat stress; heatstroke; flow cytometry; exercise; phytohemagglutinin ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; PROLIFERATIVE RESPONSE; ENDURANCE EXERCISE; LEUKOCYTE SUBSETS; ACUTE HEATSTROKE; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; STROKE; HYPERTHERMIA; EXPRESSION; ILLNESS AB To determine whether immune disturbances during exertional heat injury (EHI) could be distinguished from those due to exercise (E), peripheral lymphocyte subset distributions and phytohemagglutinin-stimulated CD69 mitogen responses as discriminated by flow cytometry were studied in military recruits [18.7 +/- 0.3 (SE) yr old] training in warm weather. An E group (3 men and 3 women) ran 1.75-2 miles. During similar E, 11 recruits (10 men and 1 woman) presented with suspected EHI. EHI (40.4 +/- 0.3degreesC) vs. E (38.6 +/- 0.2degreesC) body temperature was significantly elevated (P < 0.05). Heat illness was largely classified as EHI, not heatstroke, because central nervous system manifestations were generally mild. Blood was collected at E completion or EHI onset (0 h) and 2 and 24 h later. At 0 h (EHI vs. E), suppressor, natural killer, and total lymphocyte counts were significantly elevated, helper and B lymphocyte counts remained similar, and the helper-to-suppressor ratio was significantly depressed. By 2 h, immune cell dynamics between groups were similar. From 0 to 24 h, T lymphocyte subsets revealed significantly reduced phytohemagglutinin responses (percent CD69 and mean CD69 fluorescent intensity) in EHI vs. E. Thus immune cell dynamics with EHI were distinguishable from E. Because heat stress as reported in exercise or heatstroke is associated with similar immune cell disturbances, these findings in EHI contributed to the suggestion that heat stress of varying severity shares a common pathophysiological process influencing the immune system. C1 USA, Thermal & Mt Div, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Naval Hosp, Beaufort, SC 29902 USA. RP DuBose, DA (reprint author), USA, Thermal & Mt Div, Environm Med Res Inst, 15 Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 36 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 95 IS 6 BP 2381 EP 2389 DI 10.1152/japplphysiol.00039.2003 PG 9 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 750PF UT WOS:000187004400029 PM 12909606 ER PT J AU Caithamer, P AF Caithamer, P TI Large and small deviations of a string driven by a two-parameter Gaussian noise white in time SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PROBABILITY LA English DT Article DE stochastic wave equation; white noise; large deviation; small deviation ID DAMPED VIBRATIONS; WAVE-EQUATION AB Upper as well as lower bounds for both the large deviations and small deviations of several sup-norms associated with the displacements of a one-dimensional string driven by a Gaussian noise which is white in time and has general spatial covariance are developed. C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Caithamer, P (reprint author), 952 N Loomis St, Naperville, IL 60563 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU APPLIED PROBABILITY TRUST PI SHEFFIELD PA THE UNIVERSITY, SCHOOL MATHEMATICS STATISTICS, SHEFFIELD S3 7RH, ENGLAND SN 0021-9002 J9 J APPL PROBAB JI J. Appl. Probab. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 40 IS 4 BP 946 EP 960 DI 10.1239/jap/1067436092 PG 15 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA 752HF UT WOS:000187154500008 ER PT J AU Nagineni, CN Samuel, W Nagineni, S Pardhasaradhi, K Wiggert, B Detrick, B Hooks, JJ AF Nagineni, CN Samuel, W Nagineni, S Pardhasaradhi, K Wiggert, B Detrick, B Hooks, JJ TI Transforming growth factor-beta induces expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in human retinal pigment epithelial cells: Involvement of mitogen-activated protein kinases SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PROLIFERATIVE DIABETIC-RETINOPATHY; CHOROIDAL NEOVASCULAR MEMBRANES; KAPPA-B-ALPHA; MACULAR DEGENERATION; FACTOR VEGF; CROSS-TALK; MEDIATED EXPRESSION; MESSENGER-RNA; MAP KINASE; SMAD AB Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a major agent in choroidal and retinal neovascularization, events associated with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and diabetic retinopathy. Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), strategically located between retina and choroid, plays a critical role in retinal disorders. We have examined the effects of various growth factors on the expression and secretion of VEGF by human retinal pigment epithelial cell cultures (HRPE). RT-PCR analyses revealed the presence of three isoforms of mRNA corresponding to VEGF 121, 165, and 189 that were up regulated by TGF-beta1. TGF-beta1, beta2, and beta3 were the potent inducers of VEGF secretion by HRPE cells whereas bFGF, PDGF, TGF-alpha, and GMCSF had no effects. TGF-beta receptor type 11 antibody significantly reversed induction of VEGF secretion by TGF-beta. In contrast activin, inhibin and BMP, members of TGF-beta super family, had no effects on VEGF expression in HRPE. VEGF mRNA levels and protein secretion induced by TGF-beta were significantly inhibited by SB203580 and U0126, inhibitors of MAP kinases, but not by staurosporine and PDTC, protein kinase C and NF-kappaB pathway inhibitors, respectively. TGF-beta also induced VEGF expression by fibroblasts derived from human choroid of eye. TGF-beta induction of VEGF secretion by RPE and choroid cells may play a significant role in choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in AMD. Since the secretion of VEGF by HRPE is regulated by MAP kinase pathways, MAP kinase inhibitors may have potential use as therapeutic agents for CNV in AMD. 2003. Published 2003 Wiley-Liss, lnc.(dagger). C1 NEI, Immunol & Virol Sect, Immunol Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NEI, Retinal Cell & Mol Biol Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Biochem, Washington, DC USA. Johns Hopkins Med Inst, Dept Pathol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. RP Hooks, JJ (reprint author), NEI, Immunol & Virol Sect, Immunol Lab, NIH, Bldg 10,Room 6N 228, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NR 66 TC 96 Z9 106 U1 0 U2 7 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0021-9541 J9 J CELL PHYSIOL JI J. Cell. Physiol. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 197 IS 3 BP 453 EP 462 DI 10.1002/jcp.10378 PG 10 WC Cell Biology; Physiology SC Cell Biology; Physiology GA 737NU UT WOS:000186239300016 PM 14566975 ER PT J AU Stromdahl, EY Williamson, PC Kollars, TM Evans, SR Barry, RK Vince, MA Dobbs, NA AF Stromdahl, EY Williamson, PC Kollars, TM Evans, SR Barry, RK Vince, MA Dobbs, NA TI Evidence of Borrelia lonestari DNA in Amblyomma americanum (Acari : Ixodidae) removed from humans SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LYME-DISEASE SPIROCHETE; TICK-BORNE INFECTIONS; WHITE-TAILED DEER; DERMACENTOR-VARIABILIS; IXODES-SCAPULARIS; BURGDORFERI; AGENT; SPIROCHAETACEAE; VECTORS; ALABAMA AB We used a nested PCR with Borrelia flagellin gene (flaB) primers and DNA sequencing to determine if Borrelia lonestari was present in Amblyomma americanum ticks removed from military personnel and sent to the Tick-Borne Disease Laboratory of the U.S. Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine. In our preliminary investigation, we detected Borrelia sequences in 19 of 510 A. americanum adults and nymphs from Ft. A. P. Hill, Va. During the 2001 tick season, the flaB primers were used to test all A. americanum samples as they were received, and 29 of 2,358 A. americanum samples tested individually or in small pools were positive. PCRs with 2,146 A. americanum samples in 2002 yielded 26 more Borrelia-positive samples. The positive ticks in 2001 and 2002 were from Arkansas, Delaware, Kansas, Kentucky, Maryland, New Jersey, North Carolina, Tennessee, and Virginia. The last positive sample of the 2001 season was a pool of larvae. To further investigate larval infection, we collected and tested questing A. americanum larvae from Aberdeen Proving Ground, Md.; 4 of 33 pools (40 larvae per pool) were positive. Infection of unfed larvae provides evidence of the maintenance of B. lonestari by means of transovarial transmission. Sequence analysis revealed that the amplicons were identical to sequences of the B. lonestari flaB gene in GenBank. Despite the low prevalence of infection, the risk of B. lonestari transmission may be magnified because A. americanum is often abundant and aggressive, and many tick bite victims receive multiple bites. C1 USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Entomol Sci Program, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Univ N Texas, DNA Ident Lab, Dept Anat & Pathol, Hlth Sci Ctr, Ft Worth, TX 76107 USA. RP Stromdahl, EY (reprint author), USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Entomol Sci Program, 5158 Blackhawk Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 38 TC 53 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 41 IS 12 BP 5557 EP 5562 DI 10.1128/JCM.41.12.5557-5562.2003 PG 6 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 753JT UT WOS:000187228800030 PM 14662940 ER PT J AU Young, RC Brady, MF Nieberg, RK Long, HJ Mayer, AR Lentz, SS Hurteau, J Alberts, DS AF Young, RC Brady, MF Nieberg, RK Long, HJ Mayer, AR Lentz, SS Hurteau, J Alberts, DS TI Adjuvant treatment for early ovarian cancer: A randomized phase III trial of intraperitoneal P-32 or intravenous cyclophosphamide and cisplatin - A gynecologic oncology group study SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article ID STAGE-I; NEOPLASM TRIAL; COMPARING CISPLATIN; CHROMIC PHOSPHATE; CARCINOMA; CHEMOTHERAPY; IRRADIATION; PROGNOSIS; THERAPY AB Purpose: To conduct a prospective study of intraperitoneal radioactive chromic phosphate (P-32) versus cyclophosphamide-cisplatin (CP) in women with early ovarian cancer at high risk for recurrence (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage Ia or Ib grade 3 or Ic or stage II, no macroscopic residual disease) and to compare cumulative incidence of recurrence, overall survival, and relative toxicity. Materials and Methods: A total of 251 patients were randomly assigned to treatment with P-32 or CP. Twenty-two (8.7%) were ineligible following centralized pathology review. Of the 229 patients included in the analysis, 110 received P-32, and 119 received CP. Results: The cumulative incidence of recurrence at 10 years was 35% (95% CI, 27% to 45%) for patients receiving P-32 and 28% (95% CI, 21% to 38%) for those receiving CP. Patients receiving CP had a recurrence rate 29% lower than that of those receiving P-32 (P =.15, two-tail test). The death rate for patients treated with CP was 17% lower than that for patients treated with P-32 (difference not significant). Combining both arms, the 10-year cumulative incidence of recurrence for all stage I patients was 27% (95% CI, 20% to 34%) compared with 44% (95% CI, 32% to 56%) for stage II patients (P =.01). Both regimens were reasonably well tolerated, but problems with inadequate distribution (7%) and small-bowel perforation (3%) make the otherwise less toxic P-32 less acceptable. Conclusion: Although there are no statistically significant differences in survival, the lower cumulative recurrence seen with CP and complications of P-32 administration make platinum-based combinations the preferred adjuvant therapy for early ovarian cancer patients at high-risk for recurrence. (C) 2003 by American Society of Clinical Oncology. C1 Fox Chase Canc Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19111 USA. Roswell Pk Canc Inst, Buffalo, NY 14263 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Mayo Comprehens Canc Ctr, Rochester, MN USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Indianapolis, IN 46204 USA. Univ Arizona, Coll Med, Tucson, AZ USA. Univ Arizona, Arizona Canc Ctr, Tucson, AZ USA. RP Young, RC (reprint author), Gynecol Oncol Grp, Adm Off, 4 Penn Ctr,1600 John F Kennedy Blvd,Suite 1020, Philadelphia, PA 19103 USA. NR 26 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL ONCOLOGY PI ALEXANDRIA PA 330 JOHN CARLYLE ST, STE 300, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0732-183X J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD DEC 1 PY 2003 VL 21 IS 23 BP 4350 EP 4355 DI 10.1200/JCO.2003.02.154 PG 6 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 749HB UT WOS:000186912900017 PM 14645424 ER PT J AU Cummings, D Irizarry, R Huang, N Endy, T Nisalak, A Ungehusak, K Burke, D AF Cummings, D Irizarry, R Huang, N Endy, T Nisalak, A Ungehusak, K Burke, D TI Traveling waves in dengue hemorrhagic fever incidence in Thailand SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 6th Asia Pacific Congress of Medical Virology CY DEC 07-10, 2003 CL KUALA LUMPUR, MALAYSIA SP Malaysian Soc Infect Dis, Chemotherapy Asia Pacific Soc Med Virol C1 Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Baltimore, MD USA. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Lab Hydrospher Proc, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Virol, Bangkok, Thailand. Minist Publ Hlth, Dept Dis Control, Bangkok, Thailand. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1386-6532 J9 J CLIN VIROL JI J. Clin. Virol. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 28 SU 1 BP S29 EP S29 PG 1 WC Virology SC Virology GA 758ZE UT WOS:000187711900027 ER PT J AU Louisiriotchanakul, S Phaknilrat, P Chuenchitra, T Nitayaphan, S Brown, AE Polonis, VR Wasi, C AF Louisiriotchanakul, S Phaknilrat, P Chuenchitra, T Nitayaphan, S Brown, AE Polonis, VR Wasi, C TI Host genetic polymorphism using PCR-RFLP in Thai population and its association with HIV infection and pathogenesis SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 6th Asia Pacific Congress of Medical Virology CY DEC 07-10, 2003 CL KUALA LUMPUR, MALAYSIA SP Malaysian Soc Infect Dis, Chemotherapy Asia Pacific Soc Med Virol C1 Mahidol Univ, Siriraj Hosp, Fac Med, Dept Microbiol, Bangkok 10700, Thailand. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1386-6532 J9 J CLIN VIROL JI J. Clin. Virol. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 28 SU 1 BP S74 EP S75 PG 2 WC Virology SC Virology GA 758ZE UT WOS:000187711900139 ER PT J AU Usawattanakul, W Jittmittraphap, A Endy, TR Nisalak, A Tapchaisri, P Looareesuwan, S AF Usawattanakul, W Jittmittraphap, A Endy, TR Nisalak, A Tapchaisri, P Looareesuwan, S TI Rapid detection of dengue viral RNA by nucleic acid sequence based amplification (NASBA) SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 6th Asia Pacific Congress of Medical Virology CY DEC 07-10, 2003 CL KUALA LUMPUR, MALAYSIA SP Malaysian Soc Infect Dis, Chemotherapy Asia Pacific Soc Med Virol C1 Mahidol Univ, Fac Trop Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Bangkok 10700, Thailand. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Virol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Mahidol Univ, Dept Clin Trop Med, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1386-6532 J9 J CLIN VIROL JI J. Clin. Virol. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 28 SU 1 BP S67 EP S67 PG 1 WC Virology SC Virology GA 758ZE UT WOS:000187711900118 ER PT J AU Young, PR Libraty, DH Pickering, D Endy, TP Kalayanarooj, S Green, S Vaughn, DW Nisalak, A Ennis, FA Rothman, AL AF Young, PR Libraty, DH Pickering, D Endy, TP Kalayanarooj, S Green, S Vaughn, DW Nisalak, A Ennis, FA Rothman, AL TI Detection of dengue virus NS1 provides early diagnosis and is a prognostic marker of disease progression SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 6th Asia Pacific Congress of Medical Virology CY DEC 07-10, 2003 CL KUALA LUMPUR, MALAYSIA SP Malaysian Soc Infect Dis, Chemotherapy Asia Pacific Soc Med Virol C1 Univ Queensland, Dept Microbiol & Parasitol, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Ctr Infect Dis & Vaccine Res, Worcester, MA USA. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Virol, Bangkok, Thailand. Queen Sirikit Natl Inst Child Hlth, Dept Pediat, Bangkok, Thailand. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Virus Dis, Silver Spring, MD USA. RI Young, Paul/A-6176-2010 OI Young, Paul/0000-0002-2040-5190 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1386-6532 J9 J CLIN VIROL JI J. Clin. Virol. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 28 SU 1 BP S27 EP S27 PG 1 WC Virology SC Virology GA 758ZE UT WOS:000187711900021 ER PT J AU Keen, TR Beavers, RL Howd, PA Hathaway, K AF Keen, TR Beavers, RL Howd, PA Hathaway, K TI Shoreface sedimentation during a northeaster at Duck, North Carolina, U.S.A. SO JOURNAL OF COASTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE coastal erosion; Duck; NC; sedimentation models; northeaster ID MIDDLE ATLANTIC BIGHT; BEACH-NEARSHORE PROFILE; BOUNDARY-LAYER MODEL; PLANE SLOPING BEACH; TRANSPORT MODEL; INNER SHELF; BED ROUGHNESS; COMBINED WAVE; MOVABLE BED; STORM AB Observations of seabed elevation and currents were made at Duck, North Carolina, in October 1997 in water depths of 5.5 m, 8 m, and 13 m. Sediment cores were collected before and after a northeaster storm at these same locations. All three water depths showed erosion on the order of 0.1 m followed by deposition. The net elevation change increased seaward, from nil at 5.5 m to more than 0.2 m at 13 m. The measurements were in agreement with the stratigraphy seen in the cores. Sediment entrainment, erosion, and deposition by mean near-bottom flow were simulated using a numerical sedimentation model. The model results support the hypotheses that sediment was probably lost to the inner shelf throughout the study period, and replaced by sediment carried by mean alongshore currents from up the coast (northward). C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Oceanog, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. Natl Pk Serv, Geol Resources Div, Denver, CO 80225 USA. Univ S Florida, Coll Marine Sci, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA. Coastal & Hydraul Lab Field Res Facil, Kitty Hawk, NC 27949 USA. RP Keen, TR (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Oceanog, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM keen@nrlsse.navy.mil NR 60 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU COASTAL EDUCATION & RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0749-0208 EI 1551-5036 J9 J COASTAL RES JI J. Coast. Res. PD WIN PY 2003 VL 19 IS 1 BP 24 EP 40 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA 669WU UT WOS:000182374100004 ER PT J AU Lin, J Wang, HV Oh, JH Park, K Kim, SC Shen, J Kuo, AY AF Lin, J Wang, HV Oh, JH Park, K Kim, SC Shen, J Kuo, AY TI A new approach to model sediment resuspension in tidal estuaries SO JOURNAL OF COASTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE erosion; critical shear stress; sediment transport model; Baltimore Harbor ID CONTINENTAL SHELVES; TURBIDITY MAXIMUM; TRANSPORT MODEL; CHESAPEAKE BAY; EROSION AB A new scheme to model surface erosion of bottom sediment in tidal estuaries is demonstrated in this paper. The erosion or resuspension. scheme used accounts for the sediment deposition and erosion history based on an empirical formulation, which relates critical shear stress for erosion (T) to accumulated eroded mass. A point model, which does not consider advection and diffusion, is built to test the scheme and explore the parameters involved. The results show that sediment concentration reaches 10 mg l(-1) with an amplitude of tidal current 0.15 m s(-1), and 34 mg l(-1) with an amplitude of tidal current 0.30 m s(-1) in a 2.5 m water depth. Such values are representative in shallow areas of Baltimore Harbor where the empirical equation was obtained. Compared to the traditional way of using a constant T. in a sediment transport model, this scheme allows sediment resuspension to occur at places where bed shear stress is low, since as long as there is freshly deposited materials at the bed, erosion starts at low critical shear stress. The scheme is then incorporated into a three-dimensional numerical sediment transport model. The magnitude of simulated sediment concentrations agrees well with the observation data. C1 Coll William & Mary, Sch Marine Sci, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA. Inha Univ, Dept Oceanog, Inchon, South Korea. USA, Corps Engineers, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS USA. Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Bioenvironm Syst Engn, Taipei 10764, Taiwan. RP Lin, J (reprint author), Coll William & Mary, Sch Marine Sci, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA. NR 43 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU COASTAL EDUCATION & RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0749-0208 J9 J COASTAL RES JI J. Coast. Res. PD WIN PY 2003 VL 19 IS 1 BP 76 EP 88 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA 669WU UT WOS:000182374100008 ER PT J AU Sodhi, DS Haehnel, RB AF Sodhi, DS Haehnel, RB TI Crushing ice forces on structures SO JOURNAL OF COLD REGIONS ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE ice forces; ice loads; ice pressure; ice mechanics; ice disintegration; ice cover ID INDENTATION; FAILURE; SHEETS AB On the basis of the results of small-scale and medium-scale indentation tests and full-scale measurements of ice forces, a methodology to estimate crushing ice forces is presented. The main point to note is that the effective pressure depends on the relative indentation speed, which in turn depends on the speed of a moving ice floe and the compliance of a structure. An increase in indentation speed leads to a change in failure mode from ductile to brittle, resulting in decreased effective pressure, and vice versa. The ice forces also depend on the temperature of the ice, because its strength and brittleness increase with decreasing temperature. The two codes for bridge piers and offshore structures are valid for brittle crushing of ice at high indentation speeds, and the recommended design effective pressure from these two codes is the same for wide structures (or large contact area) but differs for narrow structures (or small contact area). C1 CRREL, Erdc, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Sodhi, DS (reprint author), 6 Dunster Dr, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 39 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 2 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0887-381X J9 J COLD REG ENG JI J. Cold Reg. Eng. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 17 IS 4 BP 153 EP 170 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0887-381X(2003)17:4(153) PG 18 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA 746BY UT WOS:000186727600003 ER PT J AU Lau, MH Tang, J Taub, IA Yang, TCS Edwards, CG Mao, R AF Lau, MH Tang, J Taub, IA Yang, TCS Edwards, CG Mao, R TI Kinetics of chemical marker formation in whey protein gels for studying microwave sterilization SO JOURNAL OF FOOD ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE kinetics; chemical marker; whey protein; ribose; microwave; thermal processing; validation method ID PARTICULATE FOODS; ARRHENIUS MODEL AB The kinetics of 4-hydroxy-5-methy-3(2H)-furanone (M-2) formation in a model food system (20% whey protein gel) was determined for studying cumulative time-temperature effects in high-temperature-short-time processes. M-2 was formed from D-ribose and amines through non-enzymatic browning reactions and enolization under low acid conditions (pH > 5). The order of the reaction for M-2 formation was determined by non-linear regression analysis and further confirmed by graphical method. M-2 formation followed a first-order kinetics and the rate constant temperature dependence was described using an Arrhenius relationship. The reaction rates and activation energy were determined using two-step, multi-linear and non-linear regression analyses. This study also demonstrated the use of M-2 formation in determining the cumulative heating effect in a model food system subjected to 915 MHz microwave heating. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Washington State Univ, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. USA, Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Adv Proc Team, Combat Feeding Program,Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Washington State Univ, Dept Food Sci & Human Nutr, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Tang, J (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Biol Syst Engn, 213 L J Smith Hall, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM jtang@mail.wsu.edu RI Tang, Juming/A-4027-2009 OI Tang, Juming/0000-0001-9449-1004 NR 31 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0260-8774 J9 J FOOD ENG JI J. Food Eng. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 60 IS 4 BP 397 EP 405 DI 10.1016/S0260-8774(03)00063-3 PG 9 WC Engineering, Chemical; Food Science & Technology SC Engineering; Food Science & Technology GA 723BB UT WOS:000185411600008 ER PT J AU Kalchayanand, N Dunne, CP Sikes, A Ray, B AF Kalchayanand, N Dunne, CP Sikes, A Ray, B TI Inactivation of bacterial spores by combined action of hydrostatic pressure and bacteriocins in roast beef SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SAFETY LA English DT Article ID PEDIOCOCCUS-ACIDILACTICI; PEDIOCIN ACH; HEAT; GERMINATION AB Foodborne bacterial spores are normally resistant to high hydrostatic pressure; however, at moderate pressure, they can be induced to germinate and outgrow. At this stage, they can be killed by bacteriocin-based biopreservatives (BP-containing pediocin and nisin at 3:7 ratio; BP, BP + 100 mug/mL lysozyme,BP(Y), BP(X) + 500 mug/mL Na-EDTA). Based on this principle, spores of the meat spoilage organism, Clostridium laramie (1-2 x 10(2) spores/bag) alone or a mixture of four clostridial spores (5 x 10(3) spores/bag), Clostridium sporogenes, Clostridium perfringens, Clostridium tertium, and Clostridium laramie, were inoculated in roast beef in the presence of 5000 AU/g of bacteriocin-based biopreservatives. The roast beef samples were subjected to hydrostatic pressure (HP) at 345 MPa for 5 min at 60C and stored at 4 or 12C for 84 days or at 25C for 7 days. ne HP treatment of roast beef samples inoculated with a mixture of clostridial spores could be stored for 42 days at 4C. The HP in combination with either BP, or BP, extended the shelf-life of roast beef up to 7 days at 25C. ne combined treatment of HP and BP controlled the growth of C. laramie spores and extended the shelf-life of roast beef for 84 days when stored at 4C. C1 USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Combat Feeding Program, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Univ Wyoming, Dept Anim Sci, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. RP Sikes, A (reprint author), USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Combat Feeding Program, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM Andiony.sikes@natick.army.mil NR 31 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0149-6085 J9 J FOOD SAFETY JI J. Food Saf. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 23 IS 4 BP 219 EP 231 DI 10.1111/j.1745-4565.2003.tb00366.x PG 13 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 770DW UT WOS:000188708800001 ER PT J AU Sharp, MK Dobry, R Abdoun, T AF Sharp, MK Dobry, R Abdoun, T TI Liquefaction centrifuge modeling of sands of different permeability SO JOURNAL OF GEOTECHNICAL AND GEOENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article AB This paper presents the results of six centrifuge model tests of liquefaction and earthquake-induced lateral spreading of fine Nevada sand using an inclined laminar box. The centrifuge experiments simulate a gently sloping, 10 m thick stratum of saturated homogeneous sand of infinite lateral extent and relative densities ranging from 45 to 75%. Such idealized models approach some field situations and they provide significant general insight into the basic mechanisms and parameters influencing the lateral spreading phenomenon. The layer was subjected to lateral base shaking with prototype peak acceleration ranging from 0.20 to 0.41 g, a frequency of 2 Hz, and duration of approximately 22 cycles. The simulated field slope angle was 5degrees. The model deposits were all saturated with a viscous fluid 50 times more viscous than water, so that testing under the increased gravitational field (50 g) produced a deposit with the prototype permeability of the same fine-grained sand saturated with water in the field. Detailed discussions and comparisons of the six centrifuge tests are included. The observed effects of relative density D-r and input peak acceleration a(max) on the following measured parameters are summarized: thickness of liquefied soil H-1, permanent lateral displacement D-H, and ground surface settlement S. Comparisons and discussions are also presented on the effect of permeability for a D-r=45% deposit. This is done by comparing the results reported herein using a viscous pore fluid, with other published centrifuge tests where a similar deposit using the same model soil, also tested at 50 g and shaken with the same input motion, was saturated with water, thus simulating a prototype sand having 50 times the permeability of the fine sand reported in this paper. C1 Centrifuge Res Ctr, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Troy, NY 12180 USA. Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Troy, NY 12180 USA. RP Sharp, MK (reprint author), Centrifuge Res Ctr, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 12 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 8 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 1090-0241 J9 J GEOTECH GEOENVIRON JI J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 129 IS 12 BP 1083 EP 1091 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2003)129:12(1083) PG 9 WC Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA 744PT UT WOS:000186641400002 ER PT J AU Geisbert, TW Young, HA Jahrling, PB Davis, KJ Kagan, E Hensley, LE AF Geisbert, TW Young, HA Jahrling, PB Davis, KJ Kagan, E Hensley, LE TI Mechanisms underlying coagulation abnormalities in ebola hemorrhagic fever: Overexpression of tissue factor in primate monocytes/macrophages is a key event SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Congress of Virology CY JUL 27-AUG 01, 2002 CL PARIS, FRANCE ID DISSEMINATED INTRAVASCULAR COAGULATION; MARBURG-VIRUS DISEASE; ACTIVATED PROTEIN-C; PROCOAGULANT ACTIVITY; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; FACTOR PATHWAY; SEPTIC SHOCK; SEPSIS; INFECTION; MONKEYS AB Disseminated intravascular coagulation is a prominent manifestation of Ebola virus (EBOV) infection. Here, we report that tissue factor l plays an important role in triggering the hemorrhagic complications that characterize EBOV infections. Analysis of samples obtained from 25 macaques showed increased levels of TF associated with lymphoid macrophages, whereas analysis of peripheral blood-cell RNA showed increased levels of TF transcripts by day 3. Plasma from macaques contained increased numbers of TF-expressing membrane microparticles. Dysregulation of the fibrinolytic system developed during the course of infection, including a rapid decrease in plasma levels of protein C. Infection of primary human monocytes/macrophages (PHMs) was used to further evaluate the role of TF in EBOV infections. Analysis of PHM RNA at 1-48 h showed increased TF transcripts, whereas levels of TF protein were dramatically increased by day 2. Thus, chemotherapeutic strategies aimed at controlling overexpression of TF may ameliorate the effects of EBOV hemorrhagic fever. C1 USA, Div Virol, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, MCMR UIV, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Headquarters, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NCI, Cellular & Mol Immunol Sect, Expt Immunol Lab, Frederick Canc Res & Dev Ctr, Frederick, MD 21701 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Pathol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Geisbert, TW (reprint author), USA, Div Virol, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, MCMR UIV, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM tom.geisbert@amedd.army.mil NR 51 TC 184 Z9 199 U1 0 U2 15 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 EI 1537-6613 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD DEC 1 PY 2003 VL 188 IS 11 BP 1618 EP 1629 DI 10.1086/379724 PG 12 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 756QV UT WOS:000187493200002 PM 14639531 ER PT J AU Bosio, CM Aman, MJ Grogan, C Hogan, R Ruthel, G Negley, D Mohamadzadeh, M Bavari, S Schmaljohn, A AF Bosio, CM Aman, MJ Grogan, C Hogan, R Ruthel, G Negley, D Mohamadzadeh, M Bavari, S Schmaljohn, A TI Ebola and Marburg viruses replicate in monocyte-derived dendritic cells without inducing the production of cytokines and full maturation SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Linking Innate with Adaptive Immune Responses CY JAN 30-FEB 04, 2003 CL TAOS, NEW MEXICO ID HERPES-SIMPLEX-VIRUS; PROTECT GUINEA-PIGS; INTERFERONS; INFECTION; ALPHA; ACTIVATION; ANTIGEN; MEASLES; EVASION; MICE AB Ebola virus (EBOV) and Marburg virus (MARV) cause rapidly progressive hemorrhagic fever with high mortality and may possess specialized mechanisms to evade immune destruction. We postulated that immune evasion could be due to the ability of EBOV and MARV to interfere with dendritic cells (DCs), which link innate and adaptive immune responses. We demonstrate that EBOV and MARV infected and replicated in primary human DCs without inducing cytokine secretion. Infected DC cultures supported exponential viral growth without releasing interferon (IFN)-alpha and were impaired in IFN-alpha production if treated with double-stranded RNA. Moreover, EBOV and MARV impaired the ability of DCs to support T cell proliferation, and infected, immature DCs underwent an anomalous maturation. These findings may explain the profound virulence of EBOV and MARV-DCs are disabled, and an effective early host response is delayed by the necessary reliance on less-efficient secondary mechanisms. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. Tulane Univ, Dept Med, Sect Hematol & Med Oncol, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. RP Bavari, S (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, 1425 Porter St, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RI Bosio, Catharine/D-7456-2015 NR 35 TC 158 Z9 173 U1 0 U2 15 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD DEC 1 PY 2003 VL 188 IS 11 BP 1630 EP 1638 DI 10.1086/379199 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 756QV UT WOS:000187493200003 PM 14639532 ER PT J AU Concannon, SP Crowe, TD Abercrombie, JJ Molina, CM Hou, P Sukumaran, DK Raj, PA Leung, KP AF Concannon, SP Crowe, TD Abercrombie, JJ Molina, CM Hou, P Sukumaran, DK Raj, PA Leung, KP TI Susceptibility of oral bacteria to an antimicrobial decapeptide SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID COMBINATORIAL LIBRARIES; ANTIBACTERIAL PEPTIDES; ACTINOBACILLUS-ACTINOMYCETEMCOMITANS; EXPERIMENTAL GINGIVITIS; CANDIDACIDAL ACTIVITY; ANTIBIOTIC PEPTIDES; CATIONIC PEPTIDES; INNATE IMMUNITY; CYTO-TOXICITY; IN-VITRO AB Naturally occurring antimicrobial peptides have emerged as alternative classes of antimicrobials. In general, these antimicrobial peptides exhibit selectivity for prokaryotes and minimize the problems of engendering microbial resistance. As an alternative method to search for more effective broad-spectrum peptide antimicrobials, investigators have developed peptide libraries by using synthetic combinatorial technology. A novel decapeptide, KKVVFKVKFK (KSL), has been identified that shows a broad range of antibacterial activity. The purpose of this study was to test the efficacy of this antimicrobial peptide in killing selected strains of oral pathogens and resident saliva bacteria collected from human subjects. Cytotoxic activity of KSL against mammalian cells and the structural features of this decapeptide were also investigated, the latter by using two-dimensional NMR in aqueous and DMSO solutions. MICs of KSL for the majority of oral bacteria tested in vitro ranged from 3 to 100 mug ml(-1). Minimal bactericidal concentrations of KSL were, in general, within one to two dilutions of the MICs. KSL exhibited an ED99 (the dose at which 99% killing was observed after 15 min at 37 degreesC) of 6.25 mug ml(-1) against selected strains of Lactobacillus salivarius, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus gordonii and Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans. In addition, KSL damaged bacterial cell membranes and caused 1.05 log units reduction of viability counts of saliva bacteria. In vitro toxicity studies showed that KSL, at concentrations up to 1 mg ml-1, did not induce cell death or compromise the membrane integrity of human gingival fibroblasts. NMR studies suggest that KSL adopts an alpha-helical structure in DMSO solution, which mimics the polar aprotic membrane environment, whereas it remains unstructured in aqueous medium. This study shows that KSL may be a useful antimicrobial agent for inhibiting the growth of oral bacteria that are associated with caries development and early plaque formation. C1 USA, Dent Res Detachment, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Microbiol Branch, Great Lakes, IL 60088 USA. SUNY Buffalo, Dept Chem, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. Marquette Univ, Sch Dent, Milwaukee, WI 53233 USA. RP Leung, KP (reprint author), USA, Dent Res Detachment, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Microbiol Branch, Great Lakes, IL 60088 USA. EM kai.leung@amedd.army.mil NR 64 TC 43 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 4 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 0022-2615 J9 J MED MICROBIOL JI J. Med. Microbiol. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 52 IS 12 BP 1083 EP 1093 DI 10.1099/jmm.0.05286-0 PG 11 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 805CL UT WOS:000220344300008 PM 14614067 ER PT J AU Echevarria, AJ AF Echevarria, AJ TI The Kaiser's Army: The politics of military technology in Germany during the Machine Age, 1870-1918 SO JOURNAL OF MODERN HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, War Coll, Carlisle, PA 17013 USA. RP Echevarria, AJ (reprint author), USA, War Coll, Carlisle, PA 17013 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-2801 J9 J MOD HIST JI J. Mod. Hist. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 75 IS 4 BP 990 EP 991 DI 10.1086/383393 PG 3 WC History SC History GA 773ZC UT WOS:000188954400042 ER PT J AU Kemmer, TM Bovill, ME Kongsomboon, W Hansch, SJ Geisler, KL Cheney, C Shell-Duncan, BK Drewnowski, A AF Kemmer, TM Bovill, ME Kongsomboon, W Hansch, SJ Geisler, KL Cheney, C Shell-Duncan, BK Drewnowski, A TI Iron deficiency is unacceptably high in refugee children from Burma SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Asia Pacific Military Medical Conference CY APR, 2002 CL KUALA LUMPUR, MALAYSIA DE anemia; iron deficiency; refugee; micronutrient; zinc protoporphyrin ID ZINC PROTOPORPHYRIN; YOUNG-CHILDREN; ANEMIA; PREVENTION; INFANTS AB Iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) in refugees is reported to be among the major medical problems worldwide. Because food rations are typically inadequate in iron, long-term reliance is a key predictor of anemia among displaced people. Comprehensive nutritional assessments of refugee children from Burma have not previously been completed. Refugee children aged 6-59 mo were studied to determine 1) the prevalences of anemia, iron deficiency (ID) and IDA and 2) the factors associated with anemia and ID. Cluster sampling in three camps and convenience sampling in two additional camps were used. Hemoglobin (Hb) levels were measured and mumol zinc protoporphyrin/mol heme were determined in 975 children. Logistic regression analyses (95% CI) determined predictors of anemia and ID. The prevalences of IDA, anemia and ID in these refugee children were 64.9, 72.0 and 85.4%, respectively. Predictors of anemia included young age (P < 0.001), food ration lasting < 1 mo (P = 0.001), daily consumption of dietary iron inhibitors (P < 0.05), weight-for-height Z-score of < -2 (P < 0.05), male gender (P < 0.05) and uneducated father (P < 0.001). Predictors of ID were young age (P < 0.001) and recently reported illness (P < 0.05). Laboratory tests confirmed that anemia and ID are major health problems among these refugee children and that ID is the leading cause of anemia. A comprehensive nutrition and public health-focused approach to combating anemia and ID is essential. Following the presentation of results to policy makers, the improvement of the micronutrient content of rations has been initiated. J. Nutr. 133: 4143-4149, 2003. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Mil & Emergency Med, Ctr Disaster & Humanitarian Assistance Med, Bethesda, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC USA. US Army Res Inst Environm Med, Mil Nutr Div, Natick, MA USA. Thai Red Cross Soc, Relief & Community Hlth Bur, Bangkok, Thailand. World Hlth Org, Geneva, Switzerland. Univ Washington, Sch Anthropol, Dept Nutr Sci, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Sch Anthropol, Sch Publ Hlth, Seattle, WA USA. RP Kemmer, TM (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Mil & Emergency Med, Ctr Disaster & Humanitarian Assistance Med, Bethesda, MD USA. NR 40 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER INST NUTRITION PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 133 IS 12 BP 4143 EP 4149 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 753CU UT WOS:000187214900017 PM 14652363 ER PT J AU Brandt, HE AF Brandt, HE TI Optimization problem in quantum cryptography SO JOURNAL OF OPTICS B-QUANTUM AND SEMICLASSICAL OPTICS LA English DT Article DE quantum cryptography; quantum key distribution; quantum information processing; entanglement; probe optimization AB A complete optimization was recently performed, yielding the maximum information gain by a general unitary entangling probe in the four-state protocol of quantum cryptography. A larger set of optimum probe parameters was found than was known previously from an incomplete optimization. In the present work, a detailed comparison is made between the complete and incomplete optimizations. Also, a new set of optimum probe parameters is identified for the four-state protocol. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Brandt, HE (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 4 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1464-4266 J9 J OPT B-QUANTUM S O JI J. Opt. B-Quantum Semicl. Opt. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 5 IS 6 BP S557 EP S560 AR PII S1464-4266(03)64324-7 DI 10.1088/1464-4266/5/6/003 PG 4 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA 757WC UT WOS:000187583600004 ER PT J AU Echevarria, AJ AF Echevarria, AJ TI The problematics of military power: Government, discipline and the subject of violence SO JOURNAL OF POLITICAL & MILITARY SOCIOLOGY LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, War Coll, Carlisle, PA USA. RP Echevarria, AJ (reprint author), USA, War Coll, Carlisle, PA USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOURNAL POLITICAL MILITARY SOCIOLOGY PI DE KALB PA DEPT SOCIOLOGY, NORTHERN ILLINOIS UNIV, DE KALB, IL 60115-2854 USA SN 0047-2697 J9 J POLIT MIL SOCIOL JI J. Polit. Mil. Soc. PD WIN PY 2003 VL 31 IS 2 BP 314 EP 315 PG 2 WC Political Science; Sociology SC Government & Law; Sociology GA 924MX UT WOS:000228984000028 ER PT J AU Joshi, A Douglass, CW Kim, HD Joshipura, KJ Park, MC Rimm, EB Carino, MJ Garcia, RI Morris, JS Willett, WC AF Joshi, A Douglass, CW Kim, HD Joshipura, KJ Park, MC Rimm, EB Carino, MJ Garcia, RI Morris, JS Willett, WC TI The relationship between amalgam restorations and mercury levels in male dentists and nondental health professionals SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH DENTISTRY LA English DT Article DE amalgam; restorations; mercury; fish; dentists; risk factors; biomarker ID FOOD FREQUENCY QUESTIONNAIRE; DENTAL AMALGAM; EXPOSURE; BLOOD; REPRODUCIBILITY; PERSONNEL; EXCRETION; SELENIUM; VAPOR; URINE AB Objectives: The objectives of this study were: (1) to compare the mercury levels in general dentists with the mercury levels in other health professionals using toenail clippings as a biomarker, (2) to identify risk factors associated with high mercury levels, and (3) to compare practice characteristics of dentists with high and low mercury levels. Methods: A sample of 579 men was randomly selected from the 33,737 men participating in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study who had provided toenail samples in 1987. A questionnaire was sent to these male subjects in 1991 to obtain information on fish consumption, tooth-brushing frequency, number of teeth, number of amalgam restorations, general practice or specialty status, number of amalgam restorations placed and removed per week, mercury storage and handling procedures, and mercury spillage incidents. A measure of long-term mercury exposure was obtained from toenail samples using neutron activation analysis for the 410 respondents (71% response rate). The 90th percentile mercury level in toenails (0.88 ppm) was selected as the threshold for elevated toenail mercury level. Results: No relationship was found between the number of dental amalgams and toenail mercury levels among general dentists, dental specialists, and nondental health professionals. General dentists were found to have more than twice the level of mercury in toenails than nondental health professionals (mean level=0.94 vs 0.45) and 60 percent higher than dental specialists (mean=0.59). The combined use of disposable capsules and water storage of scrap amalgam appeared to reduce the risk of elevated mercury levels. Regardless of professional status, consumption of tuna and saltwater fish were the primary exposure factors that were positively associated with toenail mercury levels. Conclusions: As shown by the associations with dental profession and fish consumption, the mercury content of toenails is a stable biomarker of cumulative long-term mercury exposure. The lack of association between nail mercury levels and number of amalgam restorations suggests that avoidance of mercury amalgam restorative materials cannot be justified by the presence of mercury released from dental amalgams. C1 Harvard Univ, Sch Dent Med, Dept Oral Hlth Policy & Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. USA, Off Surg Gen, Washington, DC 20310 USA. Boston Univ, Goldman Sch Dent Med, Boston, MA USA. Univ Missouri, Res Reactor Facil, Columbia, MO USA. RP Douglass, CW (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Dent Med, Dept Oral Hlth Policy & Epidemiol, 188 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA55075]; NHLBI NIH HHS [HL35464]; NIDCR NIH HHS [K24 DE 00419] NR 34 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 2 PU AAPHD NATIONAL OFFICE PI PORTLAND PA 3760 SW LYLE COURT, PORTLAND, OR 97221 USA SN 0022-4006 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH DENT JI J. Public Health Dent. PD WIN PY 2003 VL 63 IS 1 BP 52 EP 60 DI 10.1111/j.1752-7325.2003.tb03474.x PG 9 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 671EN UT WOS:000182452500008 PM 12597586 ER PT J AU McClean, MD Tasko, SM AF McClean, MD Tasko, SM TI Association of orofacial muscle activity and movement during changes in speech rate and intensity SO JOURNAL OF SPEECH LANGUAGE AND HEARING RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE orofacial movement; muscle activity; speech rate; intensity ID MOTOR UNITS; CONTRACTIONS; ARTICULATION; PATTERNS; VELOCITY AB Understanding how orofacial muscle activity and movement covary across changes in speech rate and intensity has implications for the neural control of speech production and the use of clinical procedures that manipulate speech prosody. The present study involved a correlation analysis relating average lower-lip and jaw-muscle activity to lip and jaw movement distance, speed, and duration. Recordings were obtained on orofacial movement, muscle activity, and the acoustic signal in 3 normal speakers as they repeated a simple test utterance with targeted speech rates varying from 60% to 160% of their habitual rate and at targeted vocal intensities of -6 dB and +6 dB relative to their habitual intensity. Surface electromyographic (EMG) recordings were obtained with electrodes positioned to sample primarily the mentalis, depressor labii inferior, anterior belly of the digastric, and masseter muscles. Two-dimensional displacements of the lower lip and jaw in the midsagittal plane were recorded with an electromagnetic system. All participants produced linear changes in percent utterance duration relative to the auditory targets for speech rate variation. Intensity variations ranged from -10 dB to +8 dB. Average EMG levels for all A muscles were well correlated with specific parameters of movement. Across the intensity conditions, EMG level was positively correlated with movement speed and distance in all participants. Across the rate conditions, EMG level was negatively correlated with movement duration in all participants, while greater interparticipant variability was noted for correlations relating EMG to speed and distance. For intensity control, it is suggested that converging neural input to orofacial motoneurons varies monotonically with movement distance and speed. In contrast, rate control appears to be more strongly related to the temporal characteristics of neural input than activation level. C1 Western Michigan Univ, Dept Speech Pathol & Audiol, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Army Audiol & Speech Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Western Michigan Univ, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA. RP McClean, MD (reprint author), Western Michigan Univ, Dept Speech Pathol & Audiol, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA. FU NIDCD NIH HHS [DC 03659] NR 26 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SPEECH-LANGUAGE-HEARING ASSOC PI ROCKVILLE PA 10801 ROCKVILLE PIKE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20852-3279 USA SN 1092-4388 J9 J SPEECH LANG HEAR R JI J. Speech Lang. Hear. Res. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 46 IS 6 BP 1387 EP 1400 DI 10.1044/1092-4388(2003-108) PG 14 WC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Linguistics; Rehabilitation SC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Linguistics; Rehabilitation GA 753DL UT WOS:000187216700010 PM 14700363 ER PT J AU Karpel-Massler, G Fleming, SD Kirschfink, M Tsokos, GC AF Karpel-Massler, G Fleming, SD Kirschfink, M Tsokos, GC TI Human C1 esterase inhibitor attenuates murine mesenteric ischemia/reperfusion induced local organ injury SO JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE complement; neutrophils; nitric oxide; inflammation; mucosa ID INTESTINAL ISCHEMIA-REPERFUSION; NITRIC-OXIDE; COMPLEMENT ACTIVATION; MYOCARDIAL-ISCHEMIA; PATHWAY; PROSTAGLANDINS; NEUTROPHIL; COMPONENT; RESPONSES; RATS AB Background. Complement activation contributes to ischemia and reperfusion (IR)-initiated organ injury. C1 inhibitor (C1 Inh) inhibits the earliest steps of the classical and the mannose binding lectin pathways. Materials and methods. To determine whether C1 Inh prevented tissue injury, we performed intestinal IR experiments in BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice. Results. We found that C1 Inh limits mucosal injury in the two strains in a dose dependent manner. Tissue damage was associated with the accumulation of functional polymorphonuclear cells, which was reduced following C1 Inh treatment. Constitutive nitric oxide synthase activity correlated with the development of injury in the C57BL6 but not in the BALB/c mouse. Conclusions. These findings emphasize the importance of complement activation in ischemia/reperfusion and highlight the potential therapeutic use of C1 Inh in limiting or preventing damage caused by IR. (C) 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Univ Heidelberg, Inst Immunol, D-6900 Heidelberg, Germany. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Fleming, SD (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Room 1A31,Bldg 503,Robert Grant Rd, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM sfleming@usuhs.mil FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI 42782] NR 42 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-4804 J9 J SURG RES JI J. Surg. Res. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 115 IS 2 BP 247 EP 256 DI 10.1016/S0022-4804(03)00192-6 PG 10 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 761JN UT WOS:000187866900012 PM 14697291 ER PT J AU Schulz-Butulis, BA Welch, MD Norton, SA AF Schulz-Butulis, BA Welch, MD Norton, SA TI Nail-patella syndrome SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dermatol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Schulz-Butulis, BA (reprint author), 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 6 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 4 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 49 IS 6 BP 1086 EP 1087 DI 10.1016/S1090-9622(03)03069-X PG 2 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 747BG UT WOS:000186784800015 PM 14639389 ER PT J AU Gunning, ST Turiansky, GW AF Gunning, ST Turiansky, GW TI Successive linear, generalized, and oral lichen planus in a patient with chronic hepatitis C infection SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID BLASCHKO LINES; STRIATUS; VIRUS C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dermatol Serv, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Gunning, ST (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dermatol Serv, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 17 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 49 IS 6 BP 1190 EP 1191 DI 10.1016/S1090-9622(03)01579-2 PG 2 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 747BG UT WOS:000186784800043 PM 14639418 ER PT J AU Schoeler, GB Flores-Mendoza, C Fernandez, R Davila, JR Zyzak, M AF Schoeler, GB Flores-Mendoza, C Fernandez, R Davila, JR Zyzak, M TI Geographical distribution of Anopheles darlingi in the Amazon Basin region of Peru SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE Aopheles darlingi; Amazon; Peru; malaria ID PLASMODIUM-VIVAX; SOUTH-AMERICA; MALARIA; MOSQUITOS; CULICIDAE; IQUITOS; DIPTERA; AREA AB Malaria has reemerged as a significant public health disease threat in Peru, especially within the Amazon Basin region. This resurgence of human cases caused by infection with Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax is thought to be associated with the spread of Anopheles darlingi, the principal South American malaria vector, into new areas of the Amazon Basin. However, comprehensive studies of the distribution for this species have not been conducted in Peru for several years, nor are historical accounts accurate enough to determine if An. darlingi was actually present and not collected or misidentified. Therefore, the objective of this study is to define the distribution of An. darlingi as well as obtain data on distribution and abundance of other Anopheles species in this region. Mosquitoes were collected during 2001 in the Departments of Loreto and Ucayali, the two largest Amazonian Departments of Peru. A total of 60,5 85 specimens representing 12 species of the subgenera Nyssorhynchus and Anopheles were collected at 82 (88.2%) of 93 collecting sites. The majority of mosquitoes obtained were identified as An. benarrochi, comprising 70.7% of mosquitoes collected, followed by An. darlingi (24.0%), Anopheles mattogrosensis (2.4%), and Anopheles triannulatus (1.5%). Anopheles darlingi was collected from 48.8% of sites, indicating that this species is established throughout central Loreto, including further west in the Amazon Basin than previously reported. These data suggest that this species is now found in areas of the Amazon Basin region where it has not been previously reported. C1 Navy Dis Vector Ecol & Control Ctr, Silverdale, WA 98315 USA. USN, Med Res Ctr Detachment, Dept Entomol, APO, AA 34031 USA. Minist Hlth, Iquitos, Peru. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Armed Forces Pest Management Board, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Schoeler, GB (reprint author), Navy Dis Vector Ecol & Control Ctr, 2850 Thresher Ave, Silverdale, WA 98315 USA. NR 29 TC 27 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOC PI EATONTOWN PA P O BOX 234, EATONTOWN, NJ 07724-0234 USA SN 8756-971X J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 19 IS 4 BP 286 EP 296 PG 11 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 758CC UT WOS:000187614100002 PM 14710728 ER PT J AU Nasci, RS Gottfried, KL Burkhalter, KL Ryan, JR Emmerich, E Dave, K AF Nasci, RS Gottfried, KL Burkhalter, KL Ryan, JR Emmerich, E Dave, K TI Sensitivity of the VecTest (TM) antigen assay for eastern equine encephalitis and western equine encephalitis viruses SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE eastern equine encephalitis; western equine encephalitis; surveillance; VecTest; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; plaque assay; mosquito; vector ID CAPTURE ENZYME-IMMUNOASSAY; FIELD-COLLECTED MOSQUITOS; ENCEPHALOMYELITIS VIRUS; AVIAN-TISSUES; NILE-VIRUS; CULICIDAE; DIPTERA AB VecTest(R) assays for detecting eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEE) and western equine encephalitis virus (WEE) antigen in mosquito pools were evaluated to determine their sensitivity and specificity by using a range of FEE, WEE, St. Louis encephalitis virus (SLE), and West Nile virus (WN) dilutions as well as individual and pooled mosquitoes containing FEE or WEE. The EEE test produced reliable positive results with samples containing greater than or equal to5.3 log(10) plaque-forming units (PFU) of EEE/ml, and the WEE test produced reliable positive results with samples containing greater than or equal to4.7 log(10) PFU WEE/ml. Both assays detected the respective viral antigens in single virus-positive mosquitoes and in pools containing a single positive mosquito and 49 negative specimens. The SLE and WN assays also contained on the dipsticks accurately detected their respective viruses. No evidence was found of cross reaction or false positives in any of the tests. The VecTest assays were less sensitive than the EEE- and WEE-specific TaqMan reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and Vero cell plaque assay, but appear to be useful for detecting arboviruses in mosquito-based arbovirus surveillance programs. C1 Copheid, Athens, GA 30605 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Med Anal Syst Inc, Camarillo, CA 93012 USA. RP Nasci, RS (reprint author), Copheid, 120 Beth Court, Athens, GA 30605 USA. NR 16 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOC PI EATONTOWN PA P O BOX 234, EATONTOWN, NJ 07724-0234 USA SN 8756-971X J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 19 IS 4 BP 440 EP 444 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 758CC UT WOS:000187614100026 PM 14710752 ER PT J AU Dastrup, B AF Dastrup, B TI The desert training center, California-Arizona maneuver area, 1942-1944 SO JOURNAL OF THE WEST LA English DT Book Review C1 US Army Field Artillery Sch, Ft Sill, OK USA. RP Dastrup, B (reprint author), US Army Field Artillery Sch, Ft Sill, OK USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU J WEST INC PI MANHATTAN PA P O BOX 1009, MANHATTAN, KS 66505-1009 USA SN 0022-5169 J9 J WEST JI J. West PD WIN PY 2003 VL 42 IS 1 BP 102 EP 102 PG 1 WC History SC History GA 644JY UT WOS:000180915200043 ER PT J AU Garg, DP Anderson, GL AF Garg, DP Anderson, GL TI Structural damping and vibration control via smart sensors and actuators SO JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND CONTROL LA English DT Article DE damping; vibration absorbers; surface-damping treatments; smart structures ID ANELASTIC DISPLACEMENT-FIELDS; HELICOPTER AEROMECHANICAL STABILITY; ELASTOMERIC LAG DAMPERS; FINITE-ELEMENT MODEL; CONSTRAINED LAYER; ELECTRORHEOLOGICAL FLUIDS; EDGE ELEMENTS; VISCOELASTIC MATERIALS; NONLINEAR VIBRATION; BEAMS AB In this paper we emphasize several advances recently made in the area of structural damping aimed towards reducing, and preferably eliminating, mechanical vibrations. First, a few commonly encountered undesirable effects of vibrations on structures are discussed. This is followed by an identification of research needs, and a discussion of typical research projects sponsored by the Structures and Dynamics Program of the United States Army Research Office towards meeting these needs. We include research projects in areas such as modeling of damping mechanisms, analysis and design of vibration absorbers, surface damping treatment of beams and similar other structures, and the use of magnetorheological and electrorheological fluids for vibration attenuation. Finally, we make recommendations for directions that are beneficial for future research in this area. C1 Duke Univ, Dept Mech Engn & Mat Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA. USA, Res Off, Engn Sci Directorate, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Garg, DP (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Mech Engn & Mat Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA. NR 86 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 8 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 1077-5463 J9 J VIB CONTROL JI J. Vib. Control PD DEC PY 2003 VL 9 IS 12 BP 1421 EP 1452 DI 10.1177/107754603031169 PG 32 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Acoustics; Engineering; Mechanics GA 759DB UT WOS:000187722100006 ER PT J AU Ursano, RJ AF Ursano, RJ TI Prisoners of war: long-term health outcomes SO LANCET LA English DT Article C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Forens Psychiat Fellowship Program, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Sch Med, Ctr Study Traumat Stress, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Natl Capital Consortium, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Ursano, RJ (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 4 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU LANCET LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD DEC PY 2003 VL 362 SU S BP S22 EP S23 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(03)15062-3 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 760BG UT WOS:000187790200012 PM 14698116 ER PT J AU Wong, L Bliese, P McGurk, D AF Wong, L Bliese, P McGurk, D TI Military leadership: A context specific review SO LEADERSHIP QUARTERLY LA English DT Review DE leadership; military; strategic leadership; army; transformational; joint ID US MILITARY; ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE; GROUP CONSENSUS; NAVAL-ACADEMY; ARMY; PERSONALITY; MODEL; FIELD; UNITS; WORK AB The purpose of this article is to review the literature on military leadership and highlight research opportunities for leadership scholars. The review uses a context specific approach and turns to a simplified version of Hunt's (Hunt, J. G. (1991). Leadership: A new synthesis. Newbury Park, CA: Sage) extended multilevel leadership model as a template to examine the many facets of military leadership. The military leadership literature is stratified into the systems, organizational, and direct levels of leadership with an examination of studies on the critical tasks and individual capabilities required at each level. Additionally, studies on organizational culture and effectiveness at each level are addressed. The article emphasizes that the military is undergoing substantial change as it adjusts to the changing nature of war and a fluid world situation. Based on trends in the military, the review concludes with several general recommendations for future research. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 USA, War Coll, Strateg Studies Inst, Carlisle, PA 17013 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Wong, L (reprint author), USA, War Coll, Strateg Studies Inst, 122 Forbes Ave, Carlisle, PA 17013 USA. EM leonard.wong@carlisle.army.mil NR 156 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 4 U2 30 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1048-9843 J9 LEADERSHIP QUART JI Leadersh. Q. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 14 IS 6 BP 657 EP 692 DI 10.1016/j.leaqua.2003.08.001 PG 36 WC Psychology, Applied; Management SC Psychology; Business & Economics GA 754YT UT WOS:000187361600003 ER PT J AU Minyard, CM AF Minyard, CM TI A rage for glory: The life of commodore Stephen Decatur, USN. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Blountstown, FL USA. RP Minyard, CM (reprint author), USA, Blountstown, FL USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 128 IS 20 BP 136 EP 136 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 754YQ UT WOS:000187361400186 ER PT J AU Shell-Gellasch, AE AF Shell-Gellasch, AE TI Reflections of my adviser: Stories of mathematics and mathematicians SO MATHEMATICAL INTELLIGENCER LA English DT Article C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Math Sci, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Shell-Gellasch, AE (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Math Sci, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 2 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0343-6993 J9 MATH INTELL JI Math. Intell. PD WIN PY 2003 VL 25 IS 1 BP 35 EP 41 DI 10.1007/BF02985636 PG 7 WC Mathematics SC Mathematics GA 634WL UT WOS:000180365000006 ER PT J AU Raugh, HE AF Raugh, HE TI The Royal Navy and the Palestine patrol SO MIDDLE EAST JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Def Language Inst, Foreign Language Ctr, Monterey, CA USA. RP Raugh, HE (reprint author), USA, Def Language Inst, Foreign Language Ctr, Monterey, CA USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MIDDLE EAST INSTITUTE PI WASHINGTON PA 1761 N STREET NW, CIRCULATION DEPT, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2882 USA SN 0026-3141 J9 MIDDLE EAST J JI Middle East J. PD WIN PY 2003 VL 57 IS 1 BP 167 EP 168 PG 2 WC Area Studies SC Area Studies GA 644BB UT WOS:000180897100022 ER PT J AU Barsalou, J AF Barsalou, J TI Missing the mark: Foreign aid to the Palestinians SO MIDDLE EAST POLICY LA English DT Article C1 USA, Inst Peace, Geneva, NY USA. RP Barsalou, J (reprint author), USA, Inst Peace, Geneva, NY USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHERS PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN STREET, STE 6, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 1061-1924 J9 MIDDLE EAST POLICY JI Middle East Policy PD WIN PY 2003 VL 10 IS 4 BP 48 EP 56 DI 10.1111/j.1061-1924.2003.00129.x PG 9 WC Area Studies; International Relations SC Area Studies; International Relations GA 751QA UT WOS:000187077400004 ER PT J AU Miller, MRL AF Miller, MRL TI Wrestling with MRE 304(G): The struggle to apply the corroboration rule SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Article ID CONFESSIONS C1 USA, Ctr Law & Mil Operat, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Miller, MRL (reprint author), USA, Ctr Law & Mil Operat, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD WIN PY 2003 VL 178 BP 1 EP 49 PG 49 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 816JJ UT WOS:000221105900001 ER PT J AU Bowman, GL AF Bowman, GL TI Transforming installation security: Where do we go from here? SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Article AB And let there be no doubt: in the years ahead, it is likely that we will be surprised again-by new adversaries who may also strike in unexpected ways. And as they gain access to weapons of increasing power, these attacks could grow vastly more deadly than those we suffered September 11th. Our challenge in this new century is a difficult one-to prepare to defend our nation against the unknown, the uncertain, the unseen and the unexpected. That may seem, on the face of it, an impossible task. It is not. But to accomplish it, we must put aside comfortable ways of thinking and planning--take risks and try new things-so we can prepare our forces to deter and defeat adversaries that have not yet emerged to challenge us. C1 USA, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD WIN PY 2003 VL 178 BP 50 EP 93 PG 44 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 816JJ UT WOS:000221105900002 ER PT J AU Martin, A AF Martin, A TI Leadership the Eleanor Roosevelt way: Timeless strategies from the first lady of courage SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Judge Advocate Gen Legal Ctr & Sch, Judge Advocate Officer Grad Course 52, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. RP Martin, A (reprint author), USA, Judge Advocate Gen Legal Ctr & Sch, Judge Advocate Officer Grad Course 52, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD WIN PY 2003 VL 178 BP 155 EP 162 PG 8 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 816JJ UT WOS:000221105900005 ER PT J AU Douglas, KL AF Douglas, KL TI Leadership the Eleanor Roosevelt way: Timeless strategies from the first lady of courage SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Judge Advocate Gen Legal Ctr & Sch, Judge Advocate Officer Grad Course 52, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. RP Douglas, KL (reprint author), USA, Judge Advocate Gen Legal Ctr & Sch, Judge Advocate Officer Grad Course 52, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD WIN PY 2003 VL 178 BP 163 EP 170 PG 8 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 816JJ UT WOS:000221105900006 ER PT J AU Custer, M O'Rourke, KA Roddy, M King, R Custer, M Sprinkle, L Horne, E AF Custer, M O'Rourke, KA Roddy, M King, R Custer, M Sprinkle, L Horne, E TI The impact of a nursing triage line on the use of emergency department services in a military hospital SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 130th Annual Meeting of the American-Public-Health-Association CY NOV 09-13, 2002 CL PHILADELPHIA, PA SP Amer Public Hlth Assoc ID TELEPHONE TRIAGE; CARE; PROTOCOLS; SYSTEM AB The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of nursing telephone triage on the appropriateness of emergency department (ED) use among 563 patients at a military hospital by comparing 286 ED patients referred by the Tel-a-Nurse Line (TAN) with 277 non-TAN-referred patients from October 2000 to November 2000. When controlling for confounding factors, TAN-referred patients had less appropriate ED use than non-TAN-referred patients, although this was not statistically significant (odds ratio = 0.87, p = 0.452). After excluding TAN patients with a primary clinic disposition but who were directed to the ED because no clinic appointments were available, TAN-referred patients had more appropriate referrals than non-TAN patients, although this was also not significant (odds ratio = 1.19, p = 0.401). TAN patients directed to the ED because of clinic appointment unavailability contributed significantly to inappropriate ED use with 62% having low acuity. This finding underscores the need to evaluate clinic availability for the TAN line and possibly for all patients as well. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Biometry & Epidemiol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Univ Texas, Houston Sch Publ Hlth, El Paso Satellite, El Paso, TX 79902 USA. USA, CHPPM, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. William Beaumont Army Med Ctr, Dept Nursing, El Paso, TX 79920 USA. Georgia State Univ, Dept Nursing, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. RP Custer, M (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Biometry & Epidemiol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 168 IS 12 BP 981 EP 985 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019IN UT WOS:000235828900006 PM 14719621 ER PT J AU Abbott, KC Boocks, CE Sun, ZY Boal, TR Poropatich, RK Abbott, KC AF Abbott, KC Boocks, CE Sun, ZY Boal, TR Poropatich, RK Abbott, KC TI Walter Reed Army Medical Center's Internet-based electronic health portal SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID TOOL AB Background: Use of the World Wide Web (WWW) and electronic media to facilitate medical care has been the subject of many reports in the popular press. However, few reports have documented the results of implementing electronic health portals for essential medical tasks, such as prescription refills and appointments. Methods: At Walter Reed Army Medical Center, "Search & Learn" medical information, Internet-based prescription refills and patient appointments were established in January 2001. A multiphase retrospective analysis was con- ducted to determine the use of the "Search & Learn" medical information and the relative number of prescription refills and appointments conducted via the WWW compared with conventional methods. Results: From January 2001 to May 2002, there were 34,741 refills and 819 appointments made over the Internet compared with 2,275,112 refills and approximately 500,000 appointments made conventionally. WWW activity accounted for 1.52% of refills and 0.16% of appointments. There was a steady increase in this percentage over the time of the analysis. In April of 2002, the monthly average of online refills had risen to 4.57% and online appointments were at 0.27%. Online refills were projected to account for 10% of all prescriptions in 2 years. The "Search & Learn" medical information portion of our web site received 147,429 unique visits during this same time frame, which was an average of 326 visitors per day. Conclusions: WWW-based methods of conducting essential medical tasks accounted for a small but rapidly increasing percentage of total activity at Walter Reed Army Medical Center. Subsequent phases of analysis will assess demographic and geographic factors and aid in the design of future systems to increase use of the Internet-based systems. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Abbott, KC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. OI Abbott, Kevin/0000-0003-2111-7112 NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 168 IS 12 BP 986 EP 991 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019IN UT WOS:000235828900007 PM 14719622 ER PT J AU Bovill, ME Tharion, WJ Lieberman, HR AF Bovill, ME Tharion, WJ Lieberman, HR TI Nutrition knowledge and supplement use among elite US army soldiers SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB A U.S. Army Special Forces (SF) unit was studied to determine characteristics of supplement users, assess nutrition knowledge, and identify nutrition information sources. SF-qualified (n = 119) and non-SF, support soldiers (n = 38) participated. Most soldiers (87%) reported current supplement use with more SF (90%) than non-SF, support soldiers (76%) using supplements (p <= 0.05). Supplements SF reported using most were multivitamins, sports bars/drinks, and vitamin C. The mean nutrition knowledge score for all soldiers was 48.5 +/- 15.2% correct responses. Most soldiers incorrectly believe protein is used for energy for short-term athletic events (64%) and that vitamins provide energy (58%). The most common information sources reportedly used were popular magazines/ books (75%), friends/teammates (55%), physicians/nurses, radio/television (34%), and the Internet (31%). C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Nutr Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Bovill, ME (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Nutr Div, 42 Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 20 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 2 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 168 IS 12 BP 997 EP 1000 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019IN UT WOS:000235828900009 PM 14719624 ER PT J AU Clement, PF Kennedy, JE AF Clement, PF Kennedy, JE TI Wechsler adult intelligence scale-third edition military edition characteristics of a military traumatic brain injury sample SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB This article describes the postinjury cognitive functioning of a sample of active duty, retired, and military beneficiaries who received traumatic brain injuries. Patients were seen in the neuropsychology clinic at Brooke Army Medical Center for a detailed cognitive and personality assessment. The scores on a major component of this evaluation, the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, third edition, are summarized. The results are compared with those reported in the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, third edition technical manual for a smaller, less diverse sample. The findings are consistent with the formulation that stable verbal skills are most resistant to brain injury, followed by nonverbal reasoning and visuospatial ability, and then working memory with speed of information processing being the most vulnerable to the effects of brain injury. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, ABPP, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Def & Vet Brain Injury Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78227 USA. RP Clement, PF (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, ABPP, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 168 IS 12 BP 1025 EP 1028 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019IN UT WOS:000235828900015 PM 14719630 ER PT J AU Lange, JL Campbell, KE Brundage, JF AF Lange, JL Campbell, KE Brundage, JF TI Respiratory illnesses in relation to military assignments in the Mojave desert: Retrospective surveillance over a 10-year period SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID AIR-POLLUTION; WESTERN-AUSTRALIA; HEALTH; MORTALITY; EXPOSURE; DISEASE AB Military training exercises are conducted routinely in the Mojave Desert. To determine whether assignment in this desert environment increases risk of respiratory illnesses, hospitalization rates were compared between two matched cohorts of soldiers during three intervals of follow-up during a 10-year surveillance period. The exposed cohort (N = 21,543) included all soldiers who were ever assigned to the Mojave Desert during the surveillance period. The control cohort (N = 86,172) included soldiers matched on demographic characteristics who were never assigned to the Mojave Desert during the surveillance period. Three follow-up intervals ("before," "during," "after") were defined relative to times when exposed soldiers were assigned to the desert. Rates of respiratory hospitalizations were similar between the cohorts for the "before" and "during" intervals but were higher in the exposed cohort for the "after" interval (rate ratio, 1.30; 95% confidence interval, 1.07-1.59). This difference was largely attributable to excess pneumonia and influenza hospitalizations in the exposed cohort. Healthy, young adults may have increased susceptibility to respiratory infectious illnesses after prolonged exposures to desert environments. C1 USA, Army Med Surveillance Act, Epidemiol & Dis Surveillance Directorate, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Lange, JL (reprint author), USA, Army Med Surveillance Act, Epidemiol & Dis Surveillance Directorate, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 168 IS 12 BP 1039 EP 1043 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019IN UT WOS:000235828900018 PM 14719633 ER PT J AU Kiang, JG Warke, VG Tsokos, GC AF Kiang, JG Warke, VG Tsokos, GC TI NaCN-induced chemical hypoxia is associated with altered gene expression SO MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE reverse transcriptase; polymerase chain reaction; gene; method; iNOs; p53; Bcl-2; heat shock proteins; caspase-3; caspases; epithelia; T cells ID NITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHASE; HEMORRHAGIC-SHOCK; CELLS; INCREASES; INHIBITOR; PROTECTS; HSP-70; INJURY; TUMOR; CA2+ AB Sodium cyanide (NaCN)-induced chemical hypoxia is known to increase intracellular free calcium concentration and reduce cell survival, but its effect on gene expression has not been studied. In this study, we designed primers to conduct a rapid and reliable assay for the expression of mRNA of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOs), tumor suppressor protein p53, Bcl-2, heat shock protein 70 (HSP-70), and beta-actin in human intestinal epithelial T84 cells and Jurkat T cells. NaCN-induced chemical hypoxia increased iNOs and HSP-70 mRNA in both types of cells, whereas p53 and Bcl-2 mRNA were singularly induced in T84 cells and Jurkat T cells, respectively. In both cell types, treatment of hypoxic cells with a reversible selective iNOs inhibitor, Nomega-nitro-L-arginine (LNNA), blocked iNOs, Bcl-2, and HSP-70 mRNA, but increased p53. The NaCN-induced hypoxia was also found to increase caspase-3 cellular activity in both cell types. Treatment with LNNA alone decreased the basal caspase-3 cellular activity. A prior treatment of LNNA significantly inhibited the NaCN-induced increase in the cellular activity of this apoptotic enzyme. This is the first report to show that NaCN-induced chemical hypoxia alters both stress-related gene expression and caspase-3 cellular activity and can be regulated by the iNOs inhibitor LNNA. Since NaCN has been included in the 'National chemical terrorism threat' list, by the US Department of Defense, our studies provide useful insight in the development of molecular sensors to detect early exposure to this chemical terrorism threat. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Pharmacol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Kiang, JG (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, 503 Robert Grant Ave,Room 1N07, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 17 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0300-8177 J9 MOL CELL BIOCHEM JI Mol. Cell. Biochem. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 254 IS 1-2 BP 211 EP 216 DI 10.1023/A:1027363900317 PG 6 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 740PT UT WOS:000186411300024 PM 14674700 ER PT J AU Delgado, AV McManus, AT Chambers, JP AF Delgado, AV McManus, AT Chambers, JP TI Production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin 1-beta, interleukin 2, and interleukin 6 by rat leukocyte subpopulations after exposure to substance P SO NEUROPEPTIDES LA English DT Article DE substance P; cytokines; leukocyte; flow cytometry; intracellular ID HUMAN SKIN; NEUROGENIC INFLAMMATION; NEUROPEPTIDES; RELEASE; CELLS; MICRODIALYSIS; RECEPTOR AB The interaction between components of the nervous system and multiple target cells in the cutaneous immune system has been receiving increasing attention. Recently, the involvement of neuropeptides has been demonstrated to play an important role in the inflammatory cascade. Neuropeptides such as Substance P are released by cutaneous neurons and modulate the function of immunocompetent and inflammatory cells as well as epithelial and endothelial cells. Substance P has been shown to function as a mediator for cell proliferation, cytokine production, and as an upregulator of various cell surface receptors. In this study, we show the effect of Substance P on the production of Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Interleukin 1-beta, Interleukin 2, and Interleukin 6 by T-lymphocytes, macrophages and neutrophils. These data, demonstrate that pathophysiological levels of Substance P induce production of cytokines in all three cell populations tested. Interestingly, T-cells demonstrated the highest percentage of cells expressing all four cytokines. In contrast, macrophages and neutrophils produced the highest absolute levels of cytokines. The elucidation of mediating mechanisms of Substance P activation of leukocytes is crucial to the understanding of the cutaneous inflammatory cascade and involvement of the peripheral nervous system on the immune system. These findings suggest that Substance P participates in the complex network of mediators that regulate cutaneous inflammation and potentially the rate of wound healing. (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 Univ Texas, Dept Biol, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA. USA, Inst Surg Res, Lab Support Branch, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. USA, Inst Surg Res, Lab Div, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Chambers, JP (reprint author), Univ Texas, Dept Biol, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA. EM angel.delgado@cen.amedd.army.mil; jchamber@utsa.edu NR 20 TC 80 Z9 94 U1 0 U2 2 PU CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE PI EDINBURGH PA JOURNAL PRODUCTION DEPT, ROBERT STEVENSON HOUSE, 1-3 BAXTERS PLACE, LEITH WALK, EDINBURGH EH1 3AF, MIDLOTHIAN, SCOTLAND SN 0143-4179 J9 NEUROPEPTIDES JI Neuropeptides PD DEC PY 2003 VL 37 IS 6 BP 355 EP 361 DI 10.1016/j.npep.2003.09.005 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Neurosciences SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 766WR UT WOS:000188398800004 PM 14698678 ER PT J AU Henny, CJ Beal, KF Bury, RB Goggans, R AF Henny, CJ Beal, KF Bury, RB Goggans, R TI Organochlorine pesticides, PCBs, trace elements and metals in western pond turtle eggs from Oregon SO NORTHWEST SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID CHELYDRA-SERPENTINA-SERPENTINA; ST-LAWRENCE-RIVER; WILD BIRDS; CONTAMINATION; CANADA; RESIDUES; EXPOSURE; MONITORS; ONTARIO; BASIN AB With increased concern over the status of reptile populations globally, contaminant studies should be part of species evaluations. We analyzed eggs of western pond turtles from Fern Ridge Reservoir in western Oregon for 20 organochlorine (OC) pesticides or metabolites, 42 congener-specific polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and 16 trace elements or metals. These eggs represent the first of this species analyzed. The OC pesticides and PCB residue concentrations in the western pond turtle eggs were generally low and similar to those found in eggs of snapping turtles from a remote site in Ontario, Canada. Western pond turtle eggs also contained mercury and chromium, which are metals of special concern. Although few reptilian eggs have been analyzed for metals, the 44.9 mug/g dry weight chromium in a western pond turtle egg in this study may be the highest reported in a reptilian egg. We found no significant difference in contaminant concentrations in eggs from nests in Oregon, where all turtle eggs failed to hatch compared to those where some eggs hatched. During this initial project, however, we were unable to assess fully the role of OCs, PCBs and other contaminants in the western pond turtle decline. Factors other than contaminants may be involved. In another study, snapping turtle eggs near the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence River basin were much more contaminated with evidence reported of effects on sex differentiation and reproductive endocrine function. Egg hatchability, the only reproductive parameter monitored, may not be the most sensitive endpoint. Other endpoints, including endocrine function, deformity rates, growth rates, and sex determination need study. C1 USGS, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Lowell, OR 97452 USA. Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Henny, CJ (reprint author), USGS, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. NR 27 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 4 U2 12 PU WASHINGTON STATE UNIV PI PULLMAN PA PO BOX 645020, PULLMAN, WA 99164-5910 USA SN 0029-344X J9 NORTHWEST SCI JI Northwest Sci. PD WIN PY 2003 VL 77 IS 1 BP 46 EP 53 PG 8 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 656KJ UT WOS:000181606700007 ER PT J AU Huang, WR Murray, C Kraus, N Rosati, J AF Huang, WR Murray, C Kraus, N Rosati, J TI Development of a regional neural network for coastal water level predictions SO OCEAN ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE neural networks; tides; water level; coastal inlet AB This paper presents the development of a Regional Neural Network for Water Level (RNN-WL) predictions, with an application to the coastal inlets along the South Shore of Long Island, New York. Long-term water level data at coastal inlets are important for studying coastal hydrodynamics sediment transport. However, it is quite common that long-term water level observations may be not available, due to the high cost of field data monitoring. Fortunately, the US National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) has a national network of water level monitoring stations distributed in regional scale that has been operating for several decades. Therefore, it is valuable and cost effective for a coastal engineering study to establish the relationship between water levels at a local station and a NOAA station in the region. Due to the changes of phase and amplitude of water levels over the regional coastal line, it is often difficult to obtain good linear regression relationship between water levels from two different stations. Using neural network offers an effective approach to correlate the nonlinear input and output of water levels by recognizing the historic patterns between them. In this study, the RNN-WL model was developed to enable coastal engineers to predict longterm water levels in a coastal inlet, based on the input of data in a remote NOAA station in the region. The RNN-WL model was developed using a feed-forwards, back-propagation neural network structure with an optimized training algorithm. The RNN-WL model can be trained and verified using two independent data sets of hourly water levels. The RNN-WL model was tested in an application to Long Island South Shore. Located about 60-100 km away from the inlets there are two permanent long-term water level stations, which have been operated by NOAA since the 1940s. The neural network model was trained using hourly data over a one-month period and validated for another one-month period. The model was then tested over year-long periods. Results indicate that, despite significant changes in the amplitudes and phases of the water levels over the regional study area, the RNN-WL model provides very good long-term predictions of both tidal and non-tidal water levels at the regional coastal inlets. In order to examine the effects of distance on the RNN-WL model performance, the model was also tested using water levels from other remote NOAA stations located at longer distances, which range from 234 km to 591 km away from the local station at the inlets. The satisfactory results indicate that the RNN-WL model is able to supplement long-term historical water level data at the coastal inlets based on the available data at remote NOAA stations in the coastal region. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 FAMU FSU Coll Engn, Dept Civil Engn, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Huang, WR (reprint author), FAMU FSU Coll Engn, Dept Civil Engn, 2525 Pottsdamer St, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. NR 16 TC 42 Z9 44 U1 5 U2 12 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0029-8018 J9 OCEAN ENG JI Ocean Eng. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 30 IS 17 BP 2275 EP 2295 DI 10.1016/S0029-8018(03)00083-0 PG 21 WC Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA 747RJ UT WOS:000186818200007 ER PT J AU Brannon, RB Willard, CC AF Brannon, RB Willard, CC TI Oncocytic mucoepidermoid carcinoma of parotid gland origin SO ORAL SURGERY ORAL MEDICINE ORAL PATHOLOGY ORAL RADIOLOGY AND ENDODONTOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SALIVARY-GLANDS; WARTHINS-TUMOR; LACRIMAL GLAND; DIFFERENTIATION; METAPLASIA; LESIONS AB This article reports 3 cases of oncocytic mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the parotid gland and compares them with 9 cases from the literature with emphasis on clinical behavior, treatment, and recurrence rate. The tumor occurs most often in the middle-aged to elderly, with a decided predilection for the parotid gland. All three oncocytic mucoepidermoid carcinomas from the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology series were low grade with extensive oncocytic change. Treatment modalities consisted of superficial parotidectomy, total parotidectomy , or total parotidectomy . The mean follow-up interval was 5.5 years. Only one case from the literature, a high-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma, recurred. Results of this study indicate that the parotid gland oncocytic mucoepidermoid carcinoma behaves in a fashion similar to typical mucoepidermoid carcinoma, with prognosis dependent on clinical stage, histopathologic grade, and adequacy of treatment. Recognizing the spectrum of oncocytic differentiation in salivary gland tumors will serve to establish appropriate diagnoses and treatment. C1 Louisiana State Univ, Sch Dent, Dept Oral & Maxillofacial Pathol, New Orleans, LA 70119 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Louisiana State Univ, Sch Dent, Dept Oral Pathol, Box 144,1100 Florida Ave, New Orleans, LA 70119 USA. EM rbrann@lsuhsc.edu NR 35 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 1 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1079-2104 EI 1528-395X J9 ORAL SURG ORAL MED O JI Oral Surg. Oral Med. Oral Pathol. Oral Radiol. Endod. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 96 IS 6 BP 727 EP 733 DI 10.1016/S1079-2104(03)00377-9 PG 7 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 760BQ UT WOS:000187791100015 PM 14676764 ER PT J AU Smith, EL Martin, RP Matzkin, E Moyer, ML AF Smith, EL Martin, RP Matzkin, E Moyer, ML TI Osteomyelitis of the pubic symphysis SO ORTHOPEDICS LA English DT Article ID OSTEITIS PUBIS; INFECTIONS C1 USA, Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthoped, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Queens Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI USA. RP Smith, EL (reprint author), USA, Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthoped, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0147-7447 J9 ORTHOPEDICS JI Orthopedics PD DEC PY 2003 VL 26 IS 12 BP 1233 EP 1235 PG 3 WC Orthopedics SC Orthopedics GA 755HG UT WOS:000187397000015 PM 14690298 ER PT J AU Maier, RS Kroll, DM Bernard, RS Howington, SE Peters, JF Davis, HT AF Maier, RS Kroll, DM Bernard, RS Howington, SE Peters, JF Davis, HT TI Hydrodynamic dispersion in confined packed beds SO PHYSICS OF FLUIDS LA English DT Article ID DISORDERED POROUS-MEDIA; BOLTZMANN METHOD; SPHERE PACKINGS; FIXED-BEDS; FLOW; SIMULATION; TRANSPORT; EQUATIONS; TUBES; NMR AB Pore-scale simulations of monodisperse sphere packing and fluid flow in cylinders have reproduced heterogeneities in packing density and velocity previously observed in experiment. Simulations of tracer dispersion demonstrate that these heterogeneities enhance hydrodynamic dispersion, and that the degree of enhancement is related to the cylinder radius, R. The time scale for asymptotic dispersion in a packed cylinder is proportional to R-2/(D) over cap (T), where (D) over cap (T) represents an average rate of spreading transverse to the direction of flow. A generalization of the Taylor-Aris model of dispersion in a tube provides qualitative predictions of the long-time dispersion behavior in packed cylinders. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Army High Performance Comp Res Ctr, Minneapolis, MN 55415 USA. Univ Minnesota, Dept Med Chem, Minneapolis, MN 55415 USA. Univ Minnesota, Minnesota Supercomp Inst, Minneapolis, MN 55415 USA. USA, Ctr Res & Dev, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. USA, Ctr Res & Dev, Geotech & Struct Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Univ Minnesota, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Maier, RS (reprint author), Army High Performance Comp Res Ctr, 1100 Washington Ave S, Minneapolis, MN 55415 USA. NR 39 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 1 U2 18 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-6631 J9 PHYS FLUIDS JI Phys. Fluids PD DEC PY 2003 VL 15 IS 12 BP 3795 EP 3815 DI 10.1063/1.1624836 PG 21 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA 742GW UT WOS:000186509900021 ER PT J AU Wei, GS Jackson, JL Hatzigeorgiou, C Tofferi, JK AF Wei, GS Jackson, JL Hatzigeorgiou, C Tofferi, JK TI Osteoporosis management in the new millennium SO PRIMARY CARE LA English DT Review ID BONE-MINERAL DENSITY; HORMONE REPLACEMENT THERAPY; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; EARLY POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; GASTROINTESTINAL-TRACT SAFETY; COA REDUCTASE INHIBITORS; ESTROGEN PLUS PROGESTIN; VERTEBRAL FRACTURE RISK; X-RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY; LONG-TERM RESPONSE AB In this article, the authors present an evidence-based approach to diagnosing and managing postmenopausal osteoporosis. Although standard methods have been used in conducting this systematic review [I], the authors have omitted most of the technical details to emphasize readability. The results have been organized around clinically oriented questions. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Wei, GS (reprint author), 13257 Copland Court, Silver Spring, MD 20904 USA. NR 138 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0095-4543 J9 PRIMARY CARE JI Primary Care PD DEC PY 2003 VL 30 IS 4 BP 711 EP + DI 10.1016/S0095-4534(03)00090-3 PG 33 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 757GM UT WOS:000187554700006 PM 15024893 ER PT J AU Schumm, WR Turek, DE McCarthy, D AF Schumm, WR Turek, DE McCarthy, D TI Evaluating an all-ranks military staff ride SO PSYCHOLOGICAL REPORTS LA English DT Article AB Outcomes for a staff ride to a Missouri Civil War battlefield by enlisted personnel and officers of the Army Reserve were evaluated. As expected, enlisted personnel and junior officers were much less likely to have participated in a staff ride previously. Nearly all soldiers expressed an interest in going on another all-ranks staff ride, and a statistically significant gain was achieved in expressed interest in American Civil War history. Most personnel agreed or strongly agreed with the concept of an all-ranks staff ride, There were few differences among officers and enlisted personnel in the success of the outcomes evaluated. However, learning seemed to be maximal among those with an intermediate level of previous staff ride experience. C1 Kansas State Univ, Sch Family Studies, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. Kansas State Univ, Human Serv, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. Command & Gen Staff Coll, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Schumm, WR (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Sch Family Studies, 1700 Anderson Ave, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM Schumm@Humec.ksu.edu NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU PSYCHOLOGICAL REPORTS PI MISSOULA PA P O BOX 9229, MISSOULA, MT 59807 USA SN 0033-2941 J9 PSYCHOL REP JI Psychol. Rep. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 93 IS 3 BP 1156 EP 1158 PN 2 PG 3 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA 765FZ UT WOS:000188257600027 PM 14765586 ER PT J AU Abbott, D Doering, CR Caves, CM Lidar, DM Brandt, HE Hamilton, AR Ferry, DK Gea-Banacloche, J Bezrukov, SM Kish, LB AF Abbott, Derek Doering, Charles R. Caves, Carlton M. Lidar, Daniel M. Brandt, Howard E. Hamilton, Alex R. Ferry, David K. Gea-Banacloche, Julio Bezrukov, Sergey M. Kish, Laszlo B. TI Dreams versus Reality: Plenary Debate Session on Quantum Computing SO QUANTUM INFORMATION PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE Quantum Computing Debate; Quantum Computer Implementation C1 [Abbott, Derek] Univ Adelaide, Ctr Biomed Engn CBME, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. [Abbott, Derek] Univ Adelaide, Dept Elect & Elect Engn, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. [Doering, Charles R.] Univ Michigan, Dept Math, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Doering, Charles R.] Univ Michigan, Michigan Ctr Theoret Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Caves, Carlton M.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Lidar, Daniel M.] Univ Toronto, Chem Phys Theory Grp, Dept Chem, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada. [Lidar, Daniel M.] Univ Toronto, Ctr Quantum Informat & Quantum Control, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada. [Hamilton, Alex R.] Univ New S Wales, Ctr Quantum Comp Technol, Sch Phys, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. [Brandt, Howard E.] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Ferry, David K.] Arizona State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Gea-Banacloche, Julio] Univ Arkansas, Dept Phys, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Bezrukov, Sergey M.] NICHD, Lab Phys & Struct Biol, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Kish, Laszlo B.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Elect Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Abbott, D (reprint author), Univ Adelaide, Ctr Biomed Engn CBME, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. RI Caves, Carlton/K-8167-2014 OI Caves, Carlton/0000-0001-8876-1186 NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1570-0755 J9 QUANTUM INF PROCESS JI Quantum Inf. Process. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 2 IS 6 BP 449 EP 472 DI 10.1023/B:QINP.0000042203.24782.9a PG 24 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA V25UK UT WOS:000208502700003 ER PT J AU Li, H Subhash, G Gao, XL Kecskes, LJ Dowding, RJ AF Li, H Subhash, G Gao, XL Kecskes, LJ Dowding, RJ TI Negative strain rate sensitivity and compositional dependence of fracture strength in Zr/Hf based bulk metallic glasses SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE metallic glasses; compression test; Hopkinson pressure bar; scanning electron microscopy (SEM); shear bands ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; AMORPHOUS-ALLOYS; COMPRESSIVE BEHAVIOR; DEFORMATION; FAILURE AB Quasistatic and dynamic compression tests on Zr/Hf based bulk metallic glasses revealed decreasing fracture strength with increasing strain rate and decreasing Hf content. It is believed that dynamic loading promotes crack nucleation immediately following shear band initiation whereas quasistatic loading promotes shear bands to grow to maturity. (C) 2003 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Mech Engn Engn Mech, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Subhash, G (reprint author), Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Mech Engn Engn Mech, 1400 Townsend Dr, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. RI Kecskes, Laszlo/F-6880-2014; Dowding, Robert/F-1469-2015 OI Kecskes, Laszlo/0000-0002-1342-3729; Dowding, Robert/0000-0002-4763-2131 NR 26 TC 59 Z9 61 U1 5 U2 33 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 49 IS 11 BP 1087 EP 1092 DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2003.08.012 PG 6 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 723VC UT WOS:000185451400006 ER PT J AU Ip, K Overberg, ME Heo, YW Norton, DP Pearton, SJ Stutz, CE Kucheyev, SO Jagadish, C Williams, JS Luo, B Ren, F Look, DC Zavada, JM AF Ip, K Overberg, ME Heo, YW Norton, DP Pearton, SJ Stutz, CE Kucheyev, SO Jagadish, C Williams, JS Luo, B Ren, F Look, DC Zavada, JM TI Hydrogen incorporation, diffusivity and evolution in bulk ZnO SO SOLID-STATE ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Workshop on Oxide Electronics CY OCT, 2002 CL FLORIDA DE ZnO; hydrogen; diffusion ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; ZINC-OXIDE; SHALLOW DONOR; CONDUCTIVITY; DEVICES; FILMS; GAN AB Hydrogen is readily incorporated into bulk, single-crystal ZnO during exposure to plasmas at moderate (100-300degreesC) temperatures. Incorporation depths of >25 mum were obtained in 0.5 h at 300degreesC, producing a diffusivity of similar to8 x 10(-10) cm(2)/V s at this temperature. The activation energy for diffusion is 0.17 +/- 0.12 eV, indicating an interstitial mechanism. Subsequent annealing at 500-600 degreesC is sufficient to evolve all of the hydrogen out of the ZnO, at least to the sensitivity of Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (<5 x 10(15) cm(-3)). The thermal stability of hydrogen retention is slightly greater when the hydrogen is incorporated by direct implantation relative to plasma exposure, due to trapping at residual damage. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. AFRL, MLPS, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Australian Natl Univ, Dept Elect Mat Engn, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. Univ Florida, Dept Chem Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Wright State Univ, Semicond Res Ctr, Dayton, OH 45435 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Ip, K (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. NR 25 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 9 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-1101 J9 SOLID STATE ELECTRON JI Solid-State Electron. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 47 IS 12 BP 2255 EP 2259 DI 10.1016/S0038-1101(03)00207-7 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA 747FQ UT WOS:000186794900022 ER PT J AU Ip, K Overberg, ME Baik, KW Wilson, RG Kucheyev, SO Williams, JS Jagadish, C Ren, F Heo, YW Norton, DP Zavada, JM Pearton, SJ AF Ip, K Overberg, ME Baik, KW Wilson, RG Kucheyev, SO Williams, JS Jagadish, C Ren, F Heo, YW Norton, DP Zavada, JM Pearton, SJ TI ICP dry etching of ZnO and effects of hydrogen SO SOLID-STATE ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Workshop on Oxide Electronics CY OCT, 2002 CL FLORIDA ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; SHALLOW DONOR; ZINC-OXIDE; THIN-FILMS; EMISSION; SAPPHIRE; DEVICES AB Two different plasma chemistries for etching ZnO were examined. Both Cl-2/Ar and CH4/H-2/Ar produced etch rates which increased linearly with rf power, reaching values of similar to1200 Angstrom/min for Cl-2/Ar and similar to3000 Angstrom/min for CH4/H-2/Ar. The evolution of surface morphology, surface composition, and PL intensity as a function of energy during etching were monitored. The effect of H in ZnO was studied using direct implantation at doses of 10(15)-10(16) cm(-2), followed by annealing at 500-700 degreesC. The hydrogen shows significant outdiffusion at 500 degreesC and is below the detection limits of SIMS after 700 degreesC anneals. SEM of the etched features showed anisotropic sidewalls, indicative of an ion-driven etch mechanism. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Australian Natl Univ, Dept Elect Mat Engn, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. Univ Florida, Dept Chem Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Ip, K (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. NR 40 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 16 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-1101 J9 SOLID STATE ELECTRON JI Solid-State Electron. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 47 IS 12 BP 2289 EP 2294 DI 10.1016/S0038-1101(03)00211-9 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA 747FQ UT WOS:000186794900028 ER PT J AU Jensen, JO AF Jensen, JO TI Vibrational frequencies and structural determinations of 1,1-dicyanocyclopropane SO SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE vibrations; normal mode frequencies; infrared spectra; Raman spectra; 1,1-dicyanocyclopropane ID 1,1-DISUBSTITUTED CYCLOPROPANES; POLYMERIZATION PROCESS; 1,1-DICYANO-1-ALKENES; PHOTOCHEMISTRY; SPECTRUM; STEP AB The vibrational frequencies and corresponding normal mode assignments of 1,1-dicyanocyclopropane are examined theoretically using the Gaussian98 set of quantum chemistry codes. All normal modes were successfully assigned to one nine types of motion predicted by a group theoretical analysis (C-H stretch, CdropN stretch, C-C stretch, C-CdropN bend, C-C-C bend, CH2 scissors, CH2 wag, CH2 rock, CH2 twist) utilizing the C-2v symmetry of the molecule. The molecular orbitals of 1,1-dicyanocyclopropane are also examined. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB RRT DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Jensen, JO (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB RRT DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1386-1425 J9 SPECTROCHIM ACTA A JI Spectroc. Acta Pt. A-Molec. Biomolec. Spectr. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 59 IS 14 BP 3227 EP 3238 DI 10.1016/S1386-1425(03)00177-X PG 12 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA 747MC UT WOS:000186807400002 PM 14607220 ER PT J AU Kelley, TD AF Kelley, TD TI Symbolic and sub-symbolic representations in computational models of human cognition - What can be learned from biology? SO THEORY & PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE evolutionary psychology; hybrid architectures; integrated cognitive architectures; knowledge representation ID LANGUAGE AB The debate over symbolic versus sub-symbolic representations of human cognition has been continuing for thirty years, with little indication of a resolution. The argument is this: Does the human cognitive system use symbols as a representation of knowledge, and does it process symbols and their respective constituents? Or does the human cognitive system use a distributed representation of knowledge, and is it somehow capable of processing this distributed representation of knowledge in a complex and meaningful way? This paper argues for an integrated symbolic and sub-symbolic approach to the representation of cognition. The lines of reasoning used as evidence to bolster this argument for an integrated approach are the cognitive architecture the Adaptive Character of Thought-Rational (ACT-R), and biology, where it is argued that symbolic and sub-symbolic representations of cognition are part of an intellectual continuum, with sub-symbolic representations at the low end and symbolic representations at the higher end. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL HR SE, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Kelley, TD (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL HR SE, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 48 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 4 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0959-3543 J9 THEOR PSYCHOL JI Theory Psychol. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 13 IS 6 BP 847 EP 860 DI 10.1177/0959354303136005 PG 14 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA 766MH UT WOS:000188379800005 ER PT J AU Dillman, JF McGary, KL Schlager, JJ AF Dillman, JF McGary, KL Schlager, JJ TI Sulfur mustard induces the formation of keratin aggregates in human epidermal keratinocytes SO TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE chemical warfare agents; mustard gas; blister; skin; keratin ID EPIDERMOLYSIS-BULLOSA SIMPLEX; INTERMEDIATE-FILAMENTS; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; POINT MUTATIONS; CROSS-LINKING; CELL-DEATH; SKIN; APOPTOSIS; PROTEINS; TOXICITY AB The vesicant sulfur mustard is an alkylating agent that has the capacity to cross-link biological molecules. We are interested in identifying specific proteins that are altered upon sulfur mustard exposure. Keratins are particularly important for the structural integrity of skin, and several genetically inherited blistering diseases have been linked to mutations in keratin 5 and keratin 14. We examined whether sulfur mustard exposure alters keratin biochemistry in cultured human epidermal keratinocytes. Western blotting with specific monoclonal antibodies revealed the formation of stable high-molecular-weight "aggregates" containing keratin 14 and/or keratin 5. These aggregates begin to form within 15 min after sulfur mustard exposure. These aggregates display a complex gel electrophoresis pattern between similar to100 and similar to200 kDa. Purification and analysis of these aggregates by one- and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry confirmed the presence of keratin 14 and keratin 5 and indicate that at least some of the aggregates are composed of keratin 14-keratin 14, keratin 14-keratin 5, or keratin 5-keratin 5 dimers. These studies demonstrate that sulfur mustard induces keratin aggregation in keratinocytes and support further investigation into the role of keratin aggregation in sulfur mustard-induced vesication. (C) 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Appl Pharmacol Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Dillman, JF (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Appl Pharmacol Branch, 3100 Ricketts Point Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 34 TC 27 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0041-008X J9 TOXICOL APPL PHARM JI Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. PD DEC 1 PY 2003 VL 193 IS 2 BP 228 EP 236 DI 10.1016/j.taap.2003.08.003 PG 9 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 753GL UT WOS:000187223600010 PM 14644625 ER PT J AU Stewart, VA AF Stewart, VA TI Plasmodium vivax under the microscope: the Aotus model SO TRENDS IN PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Review ID MALARIA VACCINE DEVELOPMENT; NEW-WORLD MONKEYS; OWL MONKEY; ANOPHELINE MOSQUITOS; PRIMATE MODEL; SAIMIRI MONKEYS; CYTOKINE GENES; FALCIPARUM; STRAIN; NANCYMAAE AB The Aotus model for vivax malaria is extremely useful both as a source of living parasites in non-endemic areas, and as a model for vaccine and drug development research. Several species of New World primates can be infected with numerous different strains of Plasmodium vivax. This article reviews some aspects of the Aotus model, discusses the frequently observed hematological changes that can confound interpretation of hemogram data during the course of vivax infection, and provides a partial atlas of parasite forms and Aotus nancymai blood cells. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Stewart, VA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM ann.stewart@na.amedd.army.mil NR 56 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1471-4922 EI 1471-5007 J9 TRENDS PARASITOL JI Trends Parasitol. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 19 IS 12 BP 589 EP 594 DI 10.1016/j.pt.2003.10.008 PG 6 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 752MK UT WOS:000187164500011 PM 14642770 ER PT J AU Parness, JA Sennott, DJ AF Parness, JA Sennott, DJ TI Expanded recognition in written laws of ancillary federal court powers: Supplementing the supplemental jurisdiction statute SO UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH LAW REVIEW LA English DT Article ID GIBBS TEST; DIVERSITY C1 No Illinois Univ, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. USA, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Parness, JA (reprint author), No Illinois Univ, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. NR 49 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV PITTSBURGH LAW REVIEW PI PITTSBURGH PA UNIV PITTSBURGH SCHOOL LAW, 3900 FORBES AVE, PITTSBURGH, PA 15260 USA SN 0041-9915 J9 U PITT LAW REV JI Univ. Pittsb. Law Rev. PD WIN PY 2003 VL 64 IS 2 BP 303 EP 341 PG 39 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 710DJ UT WOS:000184665300003 ER PT J AU Bishoff, JT Cornum, RL Perahia, B Seay, T Eliason, S Katus, M Morey, A Gresham, V Pusateri, A Murcin, LA Tuthill, D Friedman, S AF Bishoff, JT Cornum, RL Perahia, B Seay, T Eliason, S Katus, M Morey, A Gresham, V Pusateri, A Murcin, LA Tuthill, D Friedman, S TI Laparoscopic heminephrectomy using a new fibrin sealant powder SO UROLOGY LA English DT Article ID V LIVER-INJURIES; ADHESIVE BANDAGE; BLOOD-LOSS; DRESSINGS; EFFICACY; MODEL; SWINE AB Objectives. To determine the ability of a hemostatic fibrin sealant powder (HFSP), delivered laparoscopically, to achieve hemostasis and seal the collecting system during laparoscopic heminephrectomy. Methods. An HFSP preparation was applied laparoscopically as a dry powder spray. Twenty-two farm pigs were randomized into two laparoscopic heminephrectomy groups: group 1 underwent conventional intra-corporal suturing with vascular control (n = 11) and group 2 received HFSP application alone with regional ischemia (n = 11). Computed tomography was performed at 48 hours and again 6 weeks postoperatively. Results. The operative findings revealed no differences between the two groups in the weight of the removed segments, mean arterial blood pressure, operating room time, estimated blood loss, or hematocrit and serum creatinine levels. The gross examination 6 weeks postoperatively found no delayed bleeding, urinoma formation, or bowel adhesions. The computed tomography findings at 48 hours postoperatively demonstrated excellent hemostasis in both groups. Urinary extravasation was detected in 8 (80%) of 10 animals in the HFSP group and 1 (9%) of 11 in the conventional group at 48 hours (P < 0.008). At the 6-week computed tomography evaluation, none of the animals showed evidence of urinoma or hematoma formation. Histopathologically, at 6 weeks, the cut surface of the kidneys in both groups had been replaced by dense scar tissue at the cortex with a sharp line of demarcation between the scar and normal kidney. Conclusions. HFSP greatly facilitates laparoscopic heminephrectomy by providing rapid and lasting hemostasis without suturing. Early urine extravasation was more common in the HFSP group, but no clinical, gross, or radiographic evidence of urinoma formation was seen in either group 6 weeks after surgery. C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Urol, Sect Endourol, MCSU,Urol Serv, Lackland AFB, TX 78253 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Lackland AFB, TX 78253 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Lackland AFB, TX 78253 USA. Amer Red Cross, Holland Lab, Rockville, MD USA. USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Bishoff, JT (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Urol, Sect Endourol, MCSU,Urol Serv, 2200 Berquist Dr, Lackland AFB, TX 78253 USA. NR 11 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0090-4295 J9 UROLOGY JI Urology PD DEC PY 2003 VL 62 IS 6 BP 1139 EP 1143 DI 10.1016/S0090-4295(03)00783-0 PG 5 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 811RV UT WOS:000220789900041 PM 14665378 ER PT J AU Frykman, PN Harman, EA Opstad, PK Hoyt, RW DeLany, JP Friedl, KE AF Frykman, PN Harman, EA Opstad, PK Hoyt, RW DeLany, JP Friedl, KE TI Effects of a 3-month endurance event on physical performance and body composition: The G2 trans-greenland expedition SO WILDERNESS & ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE metabolism-energy balance; metabolism-endocrine responses; aerobic capacity; magnetic resonance imaging; dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; doubly labeled water technique ID LABELED WATER MEASUREMENT; HUMAN ENERGY-EXPENDITURE; SLEEP-DEPRIVATION; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; EXERCISE; HUMANS; STRAIN; MEN AB Objective.-Prolonged physical exertion with inadequate time for recuperation may result in an overtraining phenomenon characterized by reduced physical strength and endurance capacity. We tested the hypothesis that highly motivated men pushed to the limits of their endurance capacity for 3 months would suffer physical breakdown characterized by loss of lean mass and reduced physical performance capacity. Methods.-Two well-trained men (V over dot O(2)max > 60 mL/kg/min), aged 25 years, completed an unsupported, 2928-km, south-to-north ski trek across Greenland in 86 days. The trek involved ski marching, typically for 9 h/d, pulling sleds initially containing 150 kg and a high-fat (60%) energy-dense diet of 25.1 MJ/d. Body composition and physical performance data were collected 14 days before and 4 days after the trek. Results.-Energy expenditure based on doubly labeled water during three 2-week periods ranged from 28.3 and 34.6 MJ/d in rugged terrain to 14.6 and 16.1 MJ/d during travel on flat terrain for subjects 1 and 2, respectively. Both men lost weight, completing the trek with low-normal fat stores (similar to 13% body fat). The lighter man gained 0.6 kg lean mass, while the heavier man lost 1.4 kg lean mass and a larger amount of fat weight (7.0 kg). Most performance measures showed trivial changes within the errors of measurement and test reproducibility, indicating no loss of endurance capacity, but anaerobic tests (Wingate and vertical jump) were markedly reduced. Markers of metabolic status, including oral glucose tolerance tests, indicated no functional impairments. Conclusions.-Although the number of subjects was limited, this observational study demonstrated that well-trained and experienced long-distance ski trekkers who eat an adequate high-calorie diet can perform endurance treks in severe cold, with little or no loss of lean mass and physical capability. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Norwegian Def Res Estab, N-2007 Kjeller, Norway. Pennington Biomed Res Ctr, Baton Rouge, LA USA. RP Friedl, KE (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RI Biguzzi, Felipe/E-4724-2015; OI Friedl, Karl/0000-0002-3134-8427 NR 24 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 3 PU ALLIANCE COMMUNICATIONS GROUP DIVISION ALLEN PRESS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 1080-6032 J9 WILD ENVIRON MED JI Wildern. Environ. Med. PD WIN PY 2003 VL 14 IS 4 BP 240 EP 248 DI 10.1580/1080-6032(2003)14[240:EOAMEE]2.0.CO;2 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Sport Sciences GA 759TN UT WOS:000187753100007 PM 14719859 ER PT J AU Masuoka, PM Claborn, DM Andre, RG Nigro, J Gordon, SW Klein, TA Kim, HC AF Masuoka, PM Claborn, DM Andre, RG Nigro, J Gordon, SW Klein, TA Kim, HC TI Use of IKONOS and Landsat for malaria control in the Republic of Korea SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE IKONOS; Landsat; malaria control ID KYUNGGI PROVINCE; LARVAL HABITATS; VILLAGES AB Malaria reemerged in the Republic of Korea (ROK) in 1993. While limited numbers of U.S. soldiers in high-risk areas use chloroquine/primaquine chemoprophylaxis to prevent malaria, control of mosquito larvae through larviciding also can be used to reduce the risk of malaria transmission. In order to estimate the cost of larviciding, accurate estimates of the spatial extent of mosquito larval habitats are necessary. The purpose of this study was to determine whether an accurate estimate of the area covered by mosquito larval habitats can be obtained using Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper+ (ETM+) and/or IKONOS data for the Korean test site. To estimate the area covered by larval habitats near Camp Greaves [Paekyeon-Ri, near Tongil-Chon (village)] in the ROK, an IKONOS and a Landsat 7 ETM+ image were classified using a parallelepiped classification. In a comparison with rice paddy field sites, 24 (92%) of the sites were classified correctly on the IKONOS image and 17 (65%) were classified correctly on the Landsat image. Comparing the classifications on a pixel-by-pixel basis, the agreement between the two classifications was 79%. Part of the disagreement was due to the difference in resolution of the two images. In spite of local differences, the two classifications produced similar area estimates. Although either Landsat or IKONOS could be used in Korea for a reasonable estimate of habitat area, only IKONOS can resolve small irrigation ponds. While ponds represent a small portion of the total larval habitat, they are an important source for mosquito breeding during the late rice-growing season in the ROK since they contain higher larval densities. High-resolution imagery, such as IKONOS, would be necessary for planning and implementing treatment of these smaller habitats. (C) 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. Navy Dis Vector Ecol & Control Ctr, Naval Air Stn, Jacksonville, FL 32212 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Ft Mcpherson, GA 30330 USA. Prevent Serv Directorate, Med Command 18, Unit 15281, APO, AP 96205 USA. RP Masuoka, PM (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 920, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RI Gordon, Scott/B-8875-2011; Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013 NR 17 TC 18 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD NOV 30 PY 2003 VL 88 IS 1-2 BP 187 EP 194 DI 10.1016/j.rse.2003.04.009 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 751QM UT WOS:000187078500015 ER PT J AU Fleck, SL Birdsall, B Babon, J Dluzewski, AR Martin, SR Morgan, WD Angov, E Kettleborough, CA Feeney, J Blackman, MJ Holder, AA AF Fleck, SL Birdsall, B Babon, J Dluzewski, AR Martin, SR Morgan, WD Angov, E Kettleborough, CA Feeney, J Blackman, MJ Holder, AA TI Suramin and suramin analogues inhibit merozoite surface protein-1 secondary processing and erythrocyte invasion by the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID GROWTH-FACTOR RECEPTOR; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; SERINE-PROTEASE; CELL INVASION; BINDING; POLYANIONS; BLOCKING AB Malarial merozoites invade erythrocytes; and as an essential step in this invasion process, the 42-kDa fragment of Plasmodium falciparum merozoite surface protein-1 (MSP1(42)) is further cleaved to a 33-kDa N-terminal polypeptide (MSP1(33)) and an 19-kDa C-terminal fragment (MSP1(19)) in a secondary processing step. Suramin was shown to inhibit both merozoite invasion and MSP142 proteolytic cleavage. This polysulfonated naphthylurea bound directly to recombinant P. falciparum MSP1(42) (K-d = 0.2 muM) and to Plasmodium vivax MSP1(42) (K-d = 0.3 muM) as measured by fluorescence enhancement in the presence of the protein and by isothermal titration calorimetry. Suramin bound only slightly less tightly to the P. vivax MSP1(33) (K-d = 1.5 muM) secondary processing product ( fluorescence measurements), but very weakly to MSP1(19) (K-d similar to15 mM) (NMR measurements). Several residues in MSP1(19) were implicated in the interaction with suramin using NMR measurements. A series of symmetrical suramin analogues that differ in the number of aromatic rings and substitution patterns of the terminal naphthylamine groups was examined in invasion and processing assays. Two classes of analogue with either two or four bridging rings were found to be active in both assays, whereas two other classes without bridging rings were inactive. We propose that suramin and related compounds inhibit erythrocyte invasion by binding to MSP1 and by preventing its cleavage by the secondary processing protease. The results indicate that enzymatic events during invasion are suitable targets for drug development and validate the novel concept of an inhibitor binding to a macromolecular substrate to prevent its proteolysis by a protease. C1 Natl Inst Med Res, Div Parasitol, London NW7 1AA, England. Natl Inst Med Res, Div Mol Struct, London NW7 1AA, England. Natl Inst Med Res, Div Phys Biochem, London NW7 1AA, England. Med Res Council Technol, London NW7 1AD, England. Guys Hosp, Dept Immunol, Guys Kings & St Thomas Sch Med, London SE1 9RT, England. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Holder, AA (reprint author), Natl Inst Med Res, Div Parasitol, London NW7 1AA, England. RI Holder, Anthony/A-7554-2013; babon, jeffrey/B-9170-2013 OI Holder, Anthony/0000-0002-8490-6058; babon, jeffrey/0000-0002-5408-6239 FU Medical Research Council [MC_U117532067] NR 36 TC 32 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD NOV 28 PY 2003 VL 278 IS 48 BP 47670 EP 47677 DI 10.1074/jbc.M306603200 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 746DM UT WOS:000186731400041 PM 13679371 ER PT J AU Smith, JM Vincent, CL AF Smith, JM Vincent, CL TI Equilibrium ranges in surf zone wave spectra SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article DE surf zone; wave spectra; equilibrium range; wave breaking; Field Research Facility; two-peaked spectra ID GENERATED GRAVITY-WAVES; LINEAR ENERGY-TRANSFER; SHALLOW-WATER WAVES; BEACH; BREAKING AB [ 1] Laboratory measurements of two wave trains breaking on a plane slope demonstrate dramatic changes in spectral shape in the surf zone. The higher- frequency spectral peak is completely eliminated in the surf zone, and the resulting spectral shape is similar regardless of the peak frequency and relative energy content of the higher- frequency peak. Examination of both laboratory and field data show that surf zone wave number ( k) spectra evolve to contain two equilibrium ranges. The higher- frequency range is similar to that proposed by Toba in deeper water with the form k-(5/ 2) and is valid for approximately k > 1/ depth. The second range falls between the peak wave number and k = 1/ depth and has a wave number dependence of k(-4/3), similar to that proposed by Zakharov on theoretical grounds. The equilibrium range coefficients, which are a function of wind speed in deep and finite water depths, are a function of the water depth in the surf zone. The laboratory and field data sets used in these analyses covered a broad range of conditions ( unidirectional and multidirectional waves, plane and barred beaches, two orders of magnitude variation in wave height, and one order of magnitude variation in wave period), yet the equilibrium ranges identified were consistent and provide a robust parameterization of surf zone wave spectra. C1 USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, CEERDC HC C, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Off Naval Res, Coastal Dynam Program, Arlington, VA 22217 USA. RP Smith, JM (reprint author), USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, CEERDC HC C, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 28 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD NOV 26 PY 2003 VL 108 IS C11 AR 3366 DI 10.1029/2003JC001930 PG 11 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 749RA UT WOS:000186941600005 ER PT J AU Brodine, SK Starkey, MJ Shaffer, RA Ito, SI Tasker, SA Barile, AJ Tamminga, CL Stephan, KT Aronson, NE Fraser, SL Wallace, MR Wegner, SA Mascola, JR McCutchan, FE AF Brodine, SK Starkey, MJ Shaffer, RA Ito, SI Tasker, SA Barile, AJ Tamminga, CL Stephan, KT Aronson, NE Fraser, SL Wallace, MR Wegner, SA Mascola, JR McCutchan, FE TI Diverse HIV-1 subtypes and clinical, laboratory and behavioral factors in a recently infected US military cohort SO AIDS LA English DT Article DE HIV-1; HIV-1 subtypes; US military; cross-sectional study; risk factors; seroconversion; epidemiology ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; NON-B SUBTYPES; GENETIC DIVERSITY; UNITED-STATES; SENTINEL SITE; VIRAL LOAD; RESISTANCE; POLYMORPHISMS; TRANSMISSION; PROGRESSION AB Objective: To describe the demographics, risk behaviors, and HIV-1 subtypes in a large cohort of recently HIV-infected military personnel. Design: Descriptive, cross-sectional study. Methods: US military personnel with recent HIV seroconversion from six medical referral centers were enrolled with a self-administered questionnaire, CD4 cell counts, syphilis and hepatitis B serologies, plasma viral RNA levels, and HIV-1 subtype nucleic acid sequencing. Results: Between February 1997 and May 2000, 520 patients were enrolled. Most [488 (94.3%)] were infected with HIV-1 subtype B. The most prevalent non-B subtype was a circulating recombinant form (CRF01_AE) [17 (61%)]; however, two pure subtypes (C and D), as well as CRF02_AG, CRF09_cpx and a BE recombinant were identified. The likely area of HIV-1 acquisition was the United States for 70% of the volunteers. At least three non-B subtype infections (two subtype C, one subtype CRF01_AE) were apparently acquired domestically. Risk behaviors and comorbid sexually transmitted diseases were reported during the seroconversion period. Volunteers with non-B subtype HIV infection were more likely to report heterosexual contacts [92% vs. 39%; odds ratio (OR), 10.0], including contacts with commercial sex workers (41% vs. 13%; OR, 4.9). The Roche Amplicor version 1.0 assay was less sensitive for non-B subtype infections than the Roche Amplicor version 1.5 assay. Conclusion: There is a high prevalence and diversity of non-B HIV subtypes in this large cohort. Efficient diagnosis of acute primary HIV-1 infection was identified as a goal for prevention programs. Modifiable risk behaviors and target populations for intervention were identified. (C) 2003 Lippincott Williams Wilkins. C1 San Diego State Univ, Coll Hlth & Human Serv, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn Adv Mil Med, Rockville, MD USA. Geocenters Inc, Newton, MA USA. USN, Ctr Med, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Rockville, MD USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Bethesda, MD USA. USN, Med Ctr, Portsmouth, VA USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NIAID, Vaccine Res Ctr, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Brodine, SK (reprint author), San Diego State Univ, Coll Hlth & Human Serv, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. NR 30 TC 58 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0269-9370 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD NOV 21 PY 2003 VL 17 IS 17 BP 2521 EP 2527 DI 10.1097/00002030-200311210-00016 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 809YR UT WOS:000220672500015 PM 14600525 ER PT J AU Yourick, DL Koenig, ML Durden, AV Long, JB AF Yourick, DL Koenig, ML Durden, AV Long, JB TI N-acetylaspartylglutamate and beta-NAAG protect against injury induced by NMDA and hypoxia in primary spinal cord cultures SO BRAIN RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE N-acetylaspartylglutamate; N-acetyl-beta-aspartylglutamate; NAAG peptidase activity; glutamate carboxypeptidase II or NAALADase; glutamate; neuroprotection; calcium; NMDA; mGluR ID METABOTROPIC GLUTAMATE RECEPTORS; ACETYL-ASPARTYL-GLUTAMATE; ACIDIC DIPEPTIDASE ACTIVITY; RAT-BRAIN; RETINAL NEURONS; NERVOUS-SYSTEM; IN-VITRO; CELLS; IMMUNOREACTIVITY; RELEASE AB The acidic dipeptide N-acetylaspartylglutamate (NAAG) is the most prevalent peptide in the central nervous system. NAAG is a low potency agonist at the NMDA receptor, and hydrolysis of NAAG yields the more potent excitatory amino acid neurotransmitter glutamate. NAAG is a competitive inhibitor of the NAAG hydrolyzing enzyme N-acetylated a-linked acidic dipeptidase (NAAG peptidase activity) or glutamate carboxypeptidase II, and may also act as a NAAG-mimetic at some of the sites of NAAG pharmacological activity. Since NAAG has been shown to have neuroprotective characteristics in a number of experimental preparations, it is the purpose of the present study to specifically evaluate the possible efficacy of NAAG and beta-NAAG against NMDA- and hypoxia-induced injury to spinal cord mixed neuronal and glial cell cultures. 'NAAG (500- 1000 muM) protected against NMDA- or hypoxia-induced injuries to spinal cord cultures, and the nonhydrolyzable analog beta-NAAG (250-1000 muM) completely eliminated the loss of viability caused by either insult. Both peptides also attenuated NMDA-induced increases in intraneuronal Ca2+. Nonspecific mGluR antagonists, pertussis toxin, a stable cAMP analog, and manipulation of NAAG peptidase activity did not by themselves alter cell damage and did not influence the neuroprotective effects of NAAG. NAAG was not protective against kainate- or AMPA-induced cellular injury, while beta-NAAG was partially neuroprotective against both insults. At 2 mM, NAAG and P-NAAG reduced neuronal survival and increased intraneuronal Ca2+; these effects were only marginally attenuated by dizocilpine and APV. The results indicate that NAAG and P-NAAG protect against excitotoxic and hypoxic injury to spinal cord neurons, and do so predominantly by interactions with NMDA and not mGluR receptors. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Yourick, DL (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RI Yourick, Debra/A-2121-2011 NR 44 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8993 J9 BRAIN RES JI Brain Res. PD NOV 21 PY 2003 VL 991 IS 1-2 BP 56 EP 64 DI 10.1016/S0006-8993(03)03533-9 PG 9 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 742QU UT WOS:000186530200006 PM 14575876 ER PT J AU Videen, G Sun, WB AF Videen, G Sun, WB TI Yet another look at light scattering from particles in absorbing media SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID MIE-SCATTERING; SPHERICAL-PARTICLES; EXTINCTION AB We examine the scattering properties of particles contained in absorbing media. Rather than consider energy fluxes through arbitrary integrating spheres, we examine the extinction from its fundamental definition: the energy removed from the plane wave, or incident beam. The resulting energy received by a detector contains two terms: one the result of the incident beam traversing through the medium that would have occurred if the particle were not present, and a correction term due to the presence of the particle. Both terms have the same dependence on the pathlength that the beam travels between two arbitrarily located parallel planes and are independent of where the particle is located within the medium. The result is that the definition of the extinction cross section is not dependent on a reference plane or the particle location within the medium. (C) 2003 Optical Society of America. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, IS,EE, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Hampton Univ, Ctr Atmospher Sci, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. RP Videen, G (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, IS,EE, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM gvideen@arl.army.mil NR 10 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 3 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD NOV 20 PY 2003 VL 42 IS 33 BP 6724 EP 6727 DI 10.1364/AO.42.006724 PG 4 WC Optics SC Optics GA 744DJ UT WOS:000186612400023 PM 14658476 ER PT J AU Chowdhury, IH Farhadi, A Wang, XF Robb, ML Birx, DL Kim, JH AF Chowdhury, IH Farhadi, A Wang, XF Robb, ML Birx, DL Kim, JH TI Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 tax activates cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21/Waf1/Cip1 expression through a p53-independent mechanism: Inhibition of cdk2 SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER LA English DT Article DE HTLV-1; ATL; p21/Waf1/Cip1; p21 promoter; p53; CREB/ATF; cdk-2 ID LONG-TERMINAL-REPEAT; BINDING-PROTEIN-ALPHA; DNA-DAMAGE; HTLV-I; TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; MOLECULAR-MECHANISM; P53; ARREST; P21; TRANSACTIVATION AB We investigated the possible involvement of HTLV-1 Tax in the transcriptional activation of p 21/Waf1/Cip1 (hereafter p21), a potent inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases and cell growth. Tax transfection resulted in enhanced expression of p21 protein in T and fibroblastoid cells. Similarly, Tax-expressing cells have higher amounts of endogenous p21 protein and RNA. However, neither Tax-negative, HTLV-1 transformed cells or HTLV-1-negative T cell lines had detectable levels of p21 protein and RNA. Cotransfection of Tax strongly activated the p21 promoter. CREB/ATF defective Tax mutant (M47) activated the p21 promoter significantly less efficiently. Tax activated wild type (wt) p21 promoter in p53-negative Jurkat and p53-positive A301 cells, irrespective of endogenous p53 status, and activated a mutant p21 promoter containing a p53 responsive element (p53RE) deletion as strongly as wit promoter. Of importance, cdk2 activity was almost completely abolished in Tax-induced p21-expressing MT-2 cells, suggesting that Tax-induced p21 predominantly affects the activity of cdk2, a late G I and S phase kinase. Taken together, these findings suggest that HTLV-1 Tax activates p21[Waf1/Cip1, a cell growth inhibitor, in a p53-independent mechanism through CREB/ATF-related transcription factors, and inhibits cdk2. Tax induction of p21 may balance the T-cell proliferation function of Tax and may contribute to the long clinical latency of HTLV-1 infection and the delayed development of adult T-cell leukemia. (C) 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Henry M Jackson Fdn Advancement Mil Med, Dept Vaccine Dev & Res, Rockville, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Rockville, MD USA. Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pharmacol, Durham, NC 27710 USA. RP Chowdhury, IH (reprint author), NCI, CCR, HIV & AIDS Malignancy Branch, NIH, 10 Ctr Dr,Rm 10S255,MSC 1868, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI 00950] NR 67 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0020-7136 J9 INT J CANCER JI Int. J. Cancer PD NOV 20 PY 2003 VL 107 IS 4 BP 603 EP 611 DI 10.1002/ijc.11316 PG 9 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 734GT UT WOS:000186047200014 PM 14520699 ER PT J AU Brennan, JK Rice, BM AF Brennan, JK Rice, BM TI Efficient determination of Hugoniot states using classical molecular simulation techniques SO MOLECULAR PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CANONICAL MONTE-CARLO; DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; OCTAHYDRO-1,3,5,7-TETRANITRO-1,3,5,7-TETRAZOCINE HMX; 3-DIMENSIONAL LATTICE; NITRAMINE CRYSTALS; PHASE COEXISTENCE; FORCE-FIELD; DETONATION; MIXTURES; FLUID AB We present a methodology for the efficient calculation of the shock Hugoniot using standard molecular simulation techniques. The method is an extension of an equation of state methodology proposed by Erpenbeck [1992, Phys. Rev . A, 46 , 6406] and is considered as an alternative to other methods that generate Hugoniot properties. We illustrate the methodology for shocked liquid N 2 using two different simulation methods: (a) the reactive Monte Carlo method for a reactive system; and (b) the molecular dynamics method for a non-reactive system. The method is shown to be accurate, stable and generally independent of the algorithm parameters. We find excellent agreement with results calculated by other previous simulation studies. The results show that the methodology provides a simulation tool capable of determining points on the shock Hugoniot from a single simulation in an efficient, straightforward manner. Further applications and extensions of the method are briefly discussed. C1 USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Brennan, JK (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM jbrennan@arl.army.mil NR 58 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 7 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0026-8976 J9 MOL PHYS JI Mol. Phys. PD NOV 20 PY 2003 VL 101 IS 22 BP 3309 EP 3322 DI 10.1080/00268970310001636404 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 768DX UT WOS:000188515000007 ER PT J AU Jensen, JO AF Jensen, JO TI Vibrational frequencies and structural determination of tetraethynylstannane SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE-THEOCHEM LA English DT Article DE vibrations; normal mode frequencies; infrared spectra; Raman spectrarn molecular orbitals; tetraethynylstannane; tetraethynyl-tin ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; EXCHANGE-REACTIONS; TIN; SPECTROSCOPY; DERIVATIVES; SN(C=CH)4; STANNANE; DENSITY; C-13 AB The normal mode frequencies and corresponding vibrational assignments of Sn(CCH)(4) are examined theoretically using the GAUSSIAN98 set of quantum chemistry codes. Each of the vibrational modes was assigned to one of six types of motion predicted by a group theoretical analysis (Sn-C stretch, Cequivalent toC stretch, C-H stretch, Cequivalent toC-H bend, Sn-Cequivalent toC bend, and C-Sn-C bend) utilizing the T-d symmetry of the molecule. A set of uniform scaling factors were derived for each type of motion. Predicted infrared and Raman intensities are reported. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB, RRT,DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Jensen, JO (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB, RRT,DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-1280 J9 J MOL STRUC-THEOCHEM JI Theochem-J. Mol. Struct. PD NOV 17 PY 2003 VL 640 BP 87 EP 93 DI 10.1016/j.theochem.2003.08.069 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 742KC UT WOS:000186515100011 ER PT J AU Minniti, CM Gidvani, VK Bulas, D Thomas, W Vezina, G Driscoll, MC AF Minniti, CM Gidvani, VK Bulas, D Thomas, W Vezina, G Driscoll, MC TI TCD velocity changes and MRA during transfusion therapy in sickle cell anemia. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 45th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Hematology CY DEC 06-09, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA SP Amer Soc Hematol C1 Childrens Natl Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20010 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 16 PY 2003 VL 102 IS 11 MA 3811 BP 27B EP 28B PN 2 PG 2 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 742UU UT WOS:000186537100102 ER PT J AU Weiss, BM Hmel, PJ Long, CJ Ketchum, LH Reid, TJ AF Weiss, BM Hmel, PJ Long, CJ Ketchum, LH Reid, TJ TI Formation of blood clots: Relative contributions of platelets and red blood cells to clot formation and clot strength. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 45th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Hematology CY DEC 06-09, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA SP Amer Soc Hematol C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Hematol Oncol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 16 PY 2003 VL 102 IS 11 MA 4008 BP 76B EP 76B PN 2 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 742UU UT WOS:000186537100299 ER PT J AU Arnaud, F Hammett, M Asher, L Philbin, N Rice, J Dong, F Freilich, D AF Arnaud, F Hammett, M Asher, L Philbin, N Rice, J Dong, F Freilich, D TI Hemostasis in the presence of polymerized hemoglobin based oxygen carriers (HBOC-201) in uncontrolled hemorrhaged swines. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 45th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Hematology CY DEC 06-09, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA SP Amer Soc Hematol C1 Naval Med Res Ctr, Resuscitat Med Dept, Silver Spring, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Pathol, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 16 PY 2003 VL 102 IS 11 MA 4072 BP 91B EP 92B PN 2 PG 2 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 742UU UT WOS:000186537100363 ER PT J AU Repine, TB Osswald, M AF Repine, TB Osswald, M TI Menorrhagia due to a qualitative deficiency of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1: Case report. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 45th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Hematology CY DEC 06-09, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA SP Amer Soc Hematol C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Hematol Oncol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Hematol Oncol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 16 PY 2003 VL 102 IS 11 MA 4102 BP 98B EP 99B PN 2 PG 2 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 742UU UT WOS:000186537100393 ER PT J AU Toulon, PA Farrugia, C Cuzon, G Burnouf, T Watt, G AF Toulon, PA Farrugia, C Cuzon, G Burnouf, T Watt, G TI Infraclinical activation of the coagulation cascade but no activation of endothelial cells during infection by Orentia tsutsugamushi (Scrub typhus). Difference with other rickettsial infections. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 45th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Hematology CY DEC 06-09, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA SP Amer Soc Hematol C1 Hop Cochin, F-75674 Paris, France. Human Plasma Prod Serv, Lille, France. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, USAMC, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 16 PY 2003 VL 102 IS 11 MA 4112 BP 101B EP 101B PN 2 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 742UU UT WOS:000186537100403 ER PT J AU Morgan, TM Waselenko, JK Buda-Okreglak, E Mcgettigan, C Myhand, RC AF Morgan, TM Waselenko, JK Buda-Okreglak, E Mcgettigan, C Myhand, RC TI Relapse of Acute Eosinophilic Leukemia (AEL) in a female patient with t(5;12)(q31;p13) and negative TEL-PDGF receptor beta during G-CSF mobilization. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 45th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Hematology CY DEC 06-09, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA SP Amer Soc Hematol C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Bone Marrow Transplant Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 16 PY 2003 VL 102 IS 11 MA 4686 BP 241B EP 241B PN 2 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 742UU UT WOS:000186537100977 ER PT J AU McGettigan, C Morgan, T Myhand, R Dutcher, B Waselenko, J Buda-Okreglak, E AF McGettigan, C Morgan, T Myhand, R Dutcher, B Waselenko, J Buda-Okreglak, E TI Rasburicase causing rapid decline of uric acid (UA) and resolution of acute renal failure (ARF) in a patient with refractory Burkitt's leukemia (BL) and severe tumor lysis syndrome (TLS). SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 45th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Hematology CY DEC 06-09, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA SP Amer Soc Hematol C1 Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Bethesda, MD 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC USA. Sanofi Synthelabo, New York, NY USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 16 PY 2003 VL 102 IS 11 MA 4770 BP 261B EP 261B PN 2 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 742UU UT WOS:000186537101061 ER PT J AU Gallagher, CM Drabick, J Waddell, JA Staight, TM AF Gallagher, CM Drabick, J Waddell, JA Staight, TM TI Inadvertent intravenous bacillus Calmette-Guerin converted near-CR to CR in a patient with relapsed multiple myeloma. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 45th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Hematology CY DEC 06-09, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA SP Amer Soc Hematol C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Hematol Oncol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pharm, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Infect Dis Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 16 PY 2003 VL 102 IS 11 MA 5272 BP 386B EP 386B PN 2 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 742UU UT WOS:000186537101563 ER PT J AU Gorak, E Geller, N Srinivasan, R Chakrabarti, S Suffredini, A Barrett, AJ Childs, R AF Gorak, E Geller, N Srinivasan, R Chakrabarti, S Suffredini, A Barrett, AJ Childs, R TI Decreased survival in patients with pulmonary engraftment syndrome following nonmyeloablative allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 45th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Hematology CY DEC 06-09, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA SP Amer Soc Hematol C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Hematol Oncol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NHLBI, Off Biostat Res, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NCI, Urol Oncol Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NLBI, Hematol Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. NIH, Ctr Clin, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 16 PY 2003 VL 102 IS 11 MA 1714 BP 470A EP 470A PN 1 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 742UP UT WOS:000186536701714 ER PT J AU Daniels, JT Fusaro, V Rosenblatt, K Ross, S Igarashi, T Srinivasan, R Petricoin, EF Liotta, L Childs, RW AF Daniels, JT Fusaro, V Rosenblatt, K Ross, S Igarashi, T Srinivasan, R Petricoin, EF Liotta, L Childs, RW TI Serologic methods to diagnose acute GVHD based on protein patterns using surface-enhanced-laser-desorption-ionization-time of flight (SELDI-TOF) mass spectrometry. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 45th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Hematology CY DEC 06-09, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA SP Amer Soc Hematol C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. US FDA, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Div Therapeut Prot, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20014 USA. NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NHLBI, Hematol Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NCI, Urol Oncol Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 16 PY 2003 VL 102 IS 11 MA 3536 BP 949A EP 950A PN 1 PG 2 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 742UP UT WOS:000186536703536 ER PT J AU Kent, SM Taylor, AJ AF Kent, SM Taylor, AJ TI Usefulness of lowering low-density lipoprotein cholesterol to < 70 mg/dl and usefulness of C-reactive protein in patient selection SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CORONARY EVENTS; TRIAL; RISK; PRAVASTATIN; SIMVASTATIN AB C-reactive protein levels may identify patients likely to benefit from lowering low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol to ultra-low levels. We find that above-average C-reactive protein with statin therapy predicts failure of carotid intima-media thickness regression in those with currently defined optimal LDL cholesterol (< 100 mg/dl) but not if LDL cholesterol is <70 mg/dl. (C)2003 by Excerptal Medica, Inc. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Cardiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Kent, SM (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Cardiol, 6900 Georgia Ave NW,Bldg 2,Room 4A34, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 9 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 650 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-9149 J9 AM J CARDIOL JI Am. J. Cardiol. PD NOV 15 PY 2003 VL 92 IS 10 BP 1224 EP 1227 DI 10.1016/j.amjcard.2003.07.040 PG 4 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 744NM UT WOS:000186638600022 PM 14609606 ER PT J AU Morgan, CA Rasmusson, AM Winters, B Hauger, RL Morgan, J Hazlett, G Southwick, S AF Morgan, CA Rasmusson, AM Winters, B Hauger, RL Morgan, J Hazlett, G Southwick, S TI Trauma exposure rather than posttraumatic stress disorder is associated with reduced baseline plasma neuropeptide-Y levels SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article DE military stress; resilience; stress vulnerability; peptides; military active duty; veterans ID ANXIOLYTIC-LIKE ACTION; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID; CONFLICT TEST; NPY; RECEPTORS; CORTISOL; AMYGDALA; ANXIETY; BLOCKS AB Background: Exposure to uncontrollable stress reduces baseline plasma neuropeptide-Y levels in animals. We previously reported that baseline plasma neuropeptide-Y levels, as well as neuropeptide-Y responses to yohimbine, were lower in combat veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder, but we were unable to determine whether this was attributable to posttraumatic stress disorder or trauma exposure. The current report addresses this issue. Methods: A) Baseline plasma neuropeptide-Y levels were measured in 8 healthy combat veterans compared to 18 combat veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder and 8 healthy nontraumatized subjects; and B) Baseline plasma neuropeptide-Y levels, trauma exposure, and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms were assessed in 41 active military personnel. Results: Plasma neuropeptide-Y was negatively associated with trauma exposure but not posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms in active duty personnel. Baseline neuropeptide-Y was reduced in combat veterans with and without posttraumatic stress disorder. Conclusions: Trauma exposure rather than posttraumatic stress disorder is associated with reduced baseline plasma neuropeptide-Y levels. Future studies must determine if neuropeptide-Y reactivity differentiates trauma-exposed individuals with and without posttraumatic stress disorder. Biol Psychiatry 2003;54:1087-1091 (C) 2003 Society of Biological Psychiatry C1 Yale Univ, Sch Med, Natl Ctr PTSD, VA Connecticut Healthcare Syst,Dept Psychiat, West Haven, CT 06516 USA. Yale Univ, Sch Med, Phys Associate Program, West Haven, CT 06516 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, VA San Diego Healthcare Syst, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Psychiat, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Special Forces Underwater Warfare Operat, Key West, FL USA. JFK Special Warfare Training Ctr & Sch, Ft Bragg, NC USA. RP Morgan, CA (reprint author), Yale Univ, Sch Med, Natl Ctr PTSD, VA Connecticut Healthcare Syst,Dept Psychiat, 116A, West Haven, CT 06516 USA. NR 25 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD NOV 15 PY 2003 VL 54 IS 10 BP 1087 EP 1091 DI 10.1016/S0006-3223(03)00433-5 PG 5 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 742RC UT WOS:000186531000015 PM 14625151 ER PT J AU Forouzesh, B Takimoto, CH Goetz, A Diab, S Hammond, LA Smetzer, L Schwartz, G Gazak, R Callaghan, JT Von Hoff, DD Rowinsky, EK AF Forouzesh, B Takimoto, CH Goetz, A Diab, S Hammond, LA Smetzer, L Schwartz, G Gazak, R Callaghan, JT Von Hoff, DD Rowinsky, EK TI A phase I and pharmacokinetic study of ILX-295501, an oral diarylsulfonylurea, on a weekly for 3 weeks every 4-week schedule in patients with advanced solid malignancies SO CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID SULOFENUR LY186641; ANTICANCER AGENT; LY295501; TRIAL; CANCER; SULFONYLUREA; XENOGRAFTS; TUMORS AB Purpose: This study was conducted to assess the feasibility of administering the oral diarylsulfonylurea (DSU) ILX-295501 on a weekly for 3 weeks every 4-week schedule. The study also sought to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of ILX-295501 on this schedule, characterize its pharmacokinetic behavior, and seek preliminary evidence of anticancer activity. Experimental Design: The initial starting dose of ILX-295501 was 100 Mg/M2, which was equivalent to one-sixth of the highest dose that did not induce irreversible toxicity in dogs, and, using a modified Fibonnaci search scheme to guide dose level selection, the following dose levels were evaluated: 100, 200, 400, 600, 900, 1350, and 1800 Mg/M2. Because severe toxicities were being reported in other trials at doses that encompassed this range and a cumulative toxicity profile was emerging, the study was suspended and then reinitiated to further reevaluate the lower dosing range. In the second part of the study, the following dose levels were selected a priori for evaluation: 400, 800, 1000, 1250, and 1500 mg/m(2); and a modified continual reassessment model was used for dose assignment to determine the MTD, which was defined a priori as the highest dose in which the incidence of dose-limiting toxicity in the first course did not exceed 20%. Results: Forty-nine patients were treated with 142 courses of ILX-295501 at doses ranging from 100 to 1800 mg/m(2). The incidences of dose-limiting toxicity, principally neutropenia and thrombocytopenia, were unacceptably high at ILX-295501 doses exceeding 1000 mg/m(2), which was determined to be the MTD for both minimally pretreated and heavily pretreated (HP) patients. In contrast to the first generation of DSUs, particularly sulofenur, clinically relevant levels of oxidized hemoglobin (methemoglobin) and secondary hemolytic anemia, were not noted. One HP patient with non-small cell lung carcinoma experienced a partial response. Pharmacokinetic studies revealed that ILX-295501 was absorbed slowly, with peak plasma concentrations (C-max) achieving 6.02 h, on average, after oral administration. The pharmacokinetic behavior of ILX-295501 was characterized by dose proportionality, a relatively small apparent volume of distribution at steady state (V-ss/F), averaging 8.02 +/- 14.08 liters, and low apparent total body clearance (CLEF) rate (mean, 0.036 +/- 0.116 liters/h). The initial drug distribution phase was rapid [harmonic mean half-life (t(1/2alpha)), 2.1 +/- 7.0 min], whereas the terminal elimination phase was slow (harmonic mean t(1/2beta), 150.6 +/- 80.2 h). Conclusions: The recommended dose for Phase II studies of the oral DSU ILX-295501 administered weekly for 3 weeks every 4 weeks is 1000 mg/m(2)/day for both minimally pretreated and HP patients. The characteristics of the myelosuppressive effects of ILX-295501, the paucity of severe nonhematological toxicities, and preliminary antitumor activity warrant disease-directed evaluations of ILX-295501. C1 Canc Therapy & Res Ctr S Texas, Inst Drug Dev, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Eli Lilly & Co, Indianapolis, IN 46285 USA. RP Rowinsky, EK (reprint author), Canc Therapy & Res Ctr S Texas, Inst Drug Dev, 7979 Wurzbach Rd,4th Floor,Zeller Bldg, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. NR 27 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 1078-0432 J9 CLIN CANCER RES JI Clin. Cancer Res. PD NOV 15 PY 2003 VL 9 IS 15 BP 5540 EP 5549 PG 10 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 750TM UT WOS:000187014200015 PM 14654534 ER PT J AU Pichyangkul, S Endy, TP Kalayanarooj, S Nisalak, A Yongvanitchit, K Green, S Rothman, AL Ennis, FA Libraty, DH AF Pichyangkul, S Endy, TP Kalayanarooj, S Nisalak, A Yongvanitchit, K Green, S Rothman, AL Ennis, FA Libraty, DH TI A blunted blood plasmacytoid dendritic cell response to an acute systemic viral infection is associated with increased disease severity SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DENGUE HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; INTERFERON-PRODUCING CELLS; VIRUS-INFECTION; DIFFERENTIAL REGULATION; ANTIBODY-RESPONSE; I INTERFERON; PATHOGENESIS; IMMUNOPATHOGENESIS; ACTIVATION; MONOCYTES AB At least two distinct human dendritic cell (DC) subsets are produced in the bone marrow and circulate in the peripheral blood-precursor myeloid DCs (pre-mDCs) and plasmacytoid DCs (PDCs). Both lineages of DCs are instrumental in antiviral innate immunity and shaping Th1 adaptive immune responses. PDCs are the most potent IFN-alpha-producing cells to viral pathogens. Dengue, an acute flavivirus disease, provides a model to study DC responses to a self-limited human viral infection. We analyzed circulating DC subsets in a prospective study of children with dengue across a broad range of illness severities: healthy controls; mild, nondengue, presumed viral infections; moderately ill dengue fever; and, the most severe form of illness, dengue hemorrhagic fever. We also examined PDC responses in monkeys with asymptomatic dengue viremia and to dengue virus exposure in vitro. The absolute number and frequency of circulating pre-mDCs early in acute viral illness decreased as illness severity increased. Depressed pre-mDC blood levels appeared to be part of the typical innate immune response to acute viral infection. The frequency of circulating PDCs trended upward and the absolute number of circulating PDCs remained stable early in moderately ill children with dengue fever, mild other, nondengue, febrile illness, and monkeys with asymptomatic dengue viremia. However, there was an early decrease in circulating PDC levels in children who subsequently developed dengue hemorrhagic fever. A blunted blood PDC response to dengue virus infection was associated with higher viremia levels, and was part of an altered innate immune response and pathogenetic cascade leading to severe disease. C1 Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Ctr Infect Dis & Vaccine Res, Worcester, MA 01655 USA. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Immunol, Bangkok, Thailand. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Virol, Bangkok, Thailand. Queen Sirikit Natl Inst Child Hlth, Dept Pediat, Bangkok, Thailand. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Libraty, DH (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Ctr Infect Dis & Vaccine Res, Room S5-326, Worcester, MA 01655 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [P01-AI34533] NR 44 TC 78 Z9 84 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD NOV 15 PY 2003 VL 171 IS 10 BP 5571 EP 5578 PG 8 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 744QJ UT WOS:000186643300079 PM 14607965 ER PT J AU Saikh, KU Lee, JS Kissner, TL Dyas, B Ulrich, RG AF Saikh, KU Lee, JS Kissner, TL Dyas, B Ulrich, RG TI Toll-like receptor and cytokine expression patterns of CD56(+) T cells are similar to natural killer cells in response to infection with Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus replicons SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID CUTTING EDGE; NKT CELLS; BONE-MARROW; IFN-GAMMA; IN-VITRO; DENDRITIC CELLS; ALPHA-CHAIN; HUMAN LIVER; TCR-ALPHA; CD8(+) AB Using the natural killer ( NK) cell- surface marker CD56 to study NK T cells in peripheral blood, we found that their frequency in mononuclear cells among healthy individuals was 1% - 20% ( average, 7.3%) and sporadically increased 4 - 5- fold within individuals over the course of 8 months. Infection of mononuclear cells in vitro with Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus replicon particles ( VRPs) resulted in a significant increase in CD56(+) T cells and in the expression of interferon-alpha, tumor necrosis factor ( TNF) -alpha, and interferon-gamma by CD56(+) but not CD56(-) T cells. NK and CD56(+) T cells expressed higher levels of Toll- like receptor ( TLR) - 3 and TLR4 after infection with VRPs, whereas only NK cells expressed inducible TNF-alpha and TLR2. Most of these effects were duplicated by activating mononuclear cells with double- stranded RNA. These expression patterns indicate that T cells coexpressing NK markers respond like NK cells to viral infection or double-stranded RNA, potentially fulfilling innate and adaptive immune functions. C1 USA, Lab Mol Immunol, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Virol Lab, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Saikh, KU (reprint author), USA, Lab Mol Immunol, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, 1425 Porter St, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. NR 43 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD NOV 15 PY 2003 VL 188 IS 10 BP 1562 EP 1570 DI 10.1086/379196 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 745GW UT WOS:000186681800020 PM 14624383 ER PT J AU Burgess, EB AF Burgess, EB TI The hellpig hunt. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 US Army Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Burgess, EB (reprint author), US Army Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD NOV 15 PY 2003 VL 128 IS 19 BP 74 EP 74 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 743FA UT WOS:000186560700123 ER PT J AU Metz, E AF Metz, E TI Testament: A soldier's story of the Civil War. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USACGSC Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Metz, E (reprint author), USACGSC Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD NOV 15 PY 2003 VL 128 IS 19 BP 79 EP 79 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 743FA UT WOS:000186560700149 ER PT J AU Minyard, CM AF Minyard, CM TI Winning modern wars: Iraq, terrorism, and the American empire. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 Lt Col Charles M minyard US Army, Blountstoen, FL USA. RP Minyard, CM (reprint author), Lt Col Charles M minyard US Army, Blountstoen, FL USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD NOV 15 PY 2003 VL 128 IS 19 BP 82 EP 82 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 743FA UT WOS:000186560700167 ER PT J AU Ingram, JM Greb, M Nicholson, JA Fountain, AW AF Ingram, JM Greb, M Nicholson, JA Fountain, AW TI Polymeric humidity sensor based on laser carbonized polyimide substrate SO SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL LA English DT Article DE polyimide; polymeric sensors; humidity sensors ID ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; CHEMICAL SENSORS; PMDA-ODA; PESTICIDE; FILMS; ELECTROLYTES; KAPTON(TM); RADIATION; MEMBRANES; SYSTEM AB This research demonstrated some of the capabilities of a laser carbonized polyimide substrate functioning in an all-polymer humidity sensor. Most polymeric chemical sensors are based on alumina or silica substrates with gold or silver deposited wiring. These sensor substrates are relatively expensive and complicated to manufacture. A Kapton-based all-polymer substrate is a possible alternative for use in future chemical and biological sensing applications. The substrate was carbonized to form electrically conducting filaments using a focused cw argon ion laser beam operating at 364 and 514 nm. The substrate was coated with a hygrosensitive polymer and tested varying humidity, test frequency, test voltage, and temperature. Two separate hygrosensitive polymer coatings were tested: 2-hydroxy-3-methacryloxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride (HMPTAC) and polyethylene oxide doped with lithium Perchlorate (PEO-LiClO4). Humidity detection was used as a proof of concept for future research into chemical and biological agent detection. Results demonstrate the Kapton-based sensor performed as well as an alumina gold substrate and indicate the all-polymer substrate is a viable sensor substrate for future use in chemical detection systems. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 US Mil Acad, Photon Res Ctr, W Point, NY 10996 USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Chem, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Fountain, AW (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Photon Res Ctr, Bldg 763, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 27 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 5 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-4005 J9 SENSOR ACTUAT B-CHEM JI Sens. Actuator B-Chem. PD NOV 15 PY 2003 VL 96 IS 1-2 BP 283 EP 289 DI 10.1016/S0925-4005(03)00544-6 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 748TZ UT WOS:000186878300036 ER PT J AU Jin, YH Liu, P Wang, JN Baker, R Huggins, J Chu, CK AF Jin, YH Liu, P Wang, JN Baker, R Huggins, J Chu, CK TI Practical synthesis of D- and L-2-cyclopentenone and their utility for the synthesis of carbocyclic antiviral nucleosides against orthopox viruses (smallpox, monkeypox, and cowpox virus) SO JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID HEPATITIS-B VIRUS; NEPLANOCIN-A; IDENTIFICATION; EFFICIENT; ANALOGS; 1592U89; POTENT AB Highly efficient and practical methodology for the syntheses of D- and L-4,5-O-isopropylidene-2-cyclopentenone (9 and 22), versatile intermediates for the synthesis of carbocyclic nucleosides, have been developed via a ring-closing metathesis reaction from D-ribose in eight steps. The utility of D- and L-4,5-O-isopropylidene-2-cyclopentenone is demonstrated by their application for the preparation Of D-cyclopentyl-6-azauridine 12 and D-cyclopentenyl-5-halocytosine nucleosides (33-35) using Mitsunobu reaction to introduce pyrimidine bases as potential antiviral agents. Preliminary antiviral activity against orthopox viruses (smallpox, monkeypox, and cowpox virus) of the synthesized nucleosides are described. C1 Univ Georgia, Coll Pharm, Athens, GA 30602 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Chu, CK (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Coll Pharm, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM dchu@rx.uga.edu FU NIAID NIH HHS [U01 AI 48495] NR 21 TC 66 Z9 66 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0022-3263 J9 J ORG CHEM JI J. Org. Chem. PD NOV 14 PY 2003 VL 68 IS 23 BP 9012 EP 9018 DI 10.1021/jo034999v PG 7 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 741YY UT WOS:000186489000036 PM 14604375 ER PT J AU Constantine, CA Gattas-Asfura, KM Mello, SV Crespo, G Rastogi, V Cheng, TC DeFrank, JJ Leblanc, RM AF Constantine, CA Gattas-Asfura, KM Mello, SV Crespo, G Rastogi, V Cheng, TC DeFrank, JJ Leblanc, RM TI Layer-by-layer biosensor assembly incorporating functionalized quantum dots SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID COVALENT IMMOBILIZATION; MULTILAYER NANOREACTORS; FILMS; NANOCRYSTALS; PARTICLES; SURFACES; POLYMER; CDSE; MONOLAYERS; COMPOSITES AB Layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly has been utilized to fabricate an ultrathin film of polyelectrolytes. The architecture was composed of chitosan and organophosphorus hydrolase polycations along with thioglycolic acid-capped CdSe quantum dots (QDs) as the polyanion. The topography of the films was studied using epifluorescence microscopy imaging. The photoluminescence property of the functionalized QDs improved when sandwiched between the polycation layers. The enhanced optical property of QDs allowed easy monitoring of LbL growth and detection of paraoxon with high sensitivity. The presence of organophosphorus compounds was confirmed through UV-vis and emission spectroscopies. C1 Univ Miami, Dept Chem, Coral Gables, FL 33146 USA. USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Biotechnol Team, Res & Technol Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Leblanc, RM (reprint author), Univ Miami, Dept Chem, 1301 Mem Dr, Coral Gables, FL 33146 USA. NR 35 TC 97 Z9 99 U1 0 U2 26 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD NOV 11 PY 2003 VL 19 IS 23 BP 9863 EP 9867 DI 10.1021/la035237y PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 741XC UT WOS:000186484800048 ER PT J AU Schlagenhauf, P Tschopp, A Johnson, R Nothdurft, HD Beck, B Schwartz, E Herold, M Krebs, B Veit, O Allwinn, R Steffen, R AF Schlagenhauf, P Tschopp, A Johnson, R Nothdurft, HD Beck, B Schwartz, E Herold, M Krebs, B Veit, O Allwinn, R Steffen, R TI Tolerability of malaria chemoprophylaxis in non-immune travellers to sub-Saharan Africa: multicentre, randomised, double blind, four arm study SO BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID CHLOROQUINE PLUS PROGUANIL; PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; FALCIPARUM-MALARIA; ATOVAQUONE-PROGUANIL; PROPHYLAXIS; MEFLOQUINE; DOXYCYCLINE; AZITHROMYCIN; KENYA AB Objective To compare the tolerability of malaria chemoprophylaxis regimens in non-immune travellers. Design Randomised, double blind, study with placebo run-in phase. Setting Travel clinics in Switzerland, Germany, and Israel. Main outcome measure Proportion of participants in each treatment arm with subjectively moderate or severe adverse events. Participants 623 non-immune travellers to sub-Saharan Africa: 153 each received either doxycycline, mefloquine, or the fixed combination chloroquine and proguanil, and 164 received the fixed combination atovaquone and proguanil. Results A high proportion of patients reported adverse events, even in the initial placebo group. No events were serious. The chloroquine and proguanil arm had the highest proportion of mild to moderate adverse events (69/153; 45%, 95% confidence interval 37% to 53%) followed by mefloquine (64/153; 42%, 34% to 50%), doxycycline (51/153; 33%, 26% to 41%), and atovaquone and proguanil (53/164; 32%, 25% to 40%) (P=0.048 for all). The mefloquine and combined chloroquine and proguanil arms had the highest proportion of more severe events (n=19; 12%, 7% to 18%) and (n=16; 11%, 61% to 15%, respectively), Whereas the combined atovaquone and proguanil and doxycycline arms had the lowest (n=11; 7%, 2% to 11% and n=9; 6%, 2% to 10%, respectively: P=0.137 for all). The mefloquine arm had the highest proportion of moderate to severe neuropsychological adverse events, particularly in Women (n=56; 37%, 29% to 44% versus chloroquine and proguanil, n=46; 30%, 23% to 37%; doxycycline, n=36; 24%,17% to 30%; and atovaquone and proguanil, n=32; 20%, 13% to 26%: P=0.003 for all). The highest proportion of moderate or severe skin problems were reported in the chloroquine and proguanil arm (n=12; 8%, 4% to 13% versus doxycycline, n=5; 3%, 1% to 6%; atovaquone and proguanil, n=4; 2%, 0% to 5%; mefloquine, n=2; 1%, 0% to 3%: P=0.013). Conclusions Combined atovaquone and proguanil and doxycyline are well tolerated antimalarial drugs. Broader experience with both agents is needed to accumulate reports of rare adverse events. C1 Univ Zurich, Inst Social & Prevent Med, Div Epidemiol & Communicable Dis, CH-8006 Zurich, Switzerland. Univ Zurich, Inst Social & Prevent Med, Dept Biostat, CH-8006 Zurich, Switzerland. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Performance Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Univ Munich, Dept Trop Med & Infect Dis, D-80539 Munich, Germany. Swiss Trop Inst, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland. Tel Aviv Univ, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. Chaim Sheba Med Ctr, IL-52621 Tel Hashomer, Israel. Univ Frankfurt, Inst Med Virol, D-6000 Frankfurt, Germany. RP Schlagenhauf, P (reprint author), Univ Zurich, Inst Social & Prevent Med, Div Epidemiol & Communicable Dis, CH-8006 Zurich, Switzerland. NR 27 TC 119 Z9 121 U1 0 U2 14 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0959-535X J9 BRIT MED J JI Br. Med. J. PD NOV 8 PY 2003 VL 327 IS 7423 BP 1078 EP 1081 DI 10.1136/bmj.327.7423.1078 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 742QW UT WOS:000186530400017 PM 14604928 ER PT J AU Agrawal, PM Rice, BM Thompson, DL AF Agrawal, PM Rice, BM Thompson, DL TI Molecular dynamics study of the melting of nitromethane SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DISLOCATION MECHANISM; LIQUID NITROMETHANE; NITRAMINE CRYSTALS; SOLID NITROMETHANE; PURE THEORY; SIMULATIONS; ARGON; PRESSURE; PACKING; CURVE AB Molecular dynamic studies of melting of nitromethane have been carried out using two methods: (1) void-nucleated melting with the gradual heating of the lattice and (2) equilibration of coexisting liquid and solid phases. The results are in near agreement with each other; the small difference is attributed to the hysteresis effect associated with the direct heating process. The values of the melting temperature T-m computed by using the intermolecular interaction potential of Sorescu [J. Phys. Chem. B 104, 8406 (2000)] are found to be in good agreement with the experimental data at various values of pressure ranging from 1 atm to 30 kbar. The computed values of the melting temperature satisfy the Simon-Glatzel equation P(kbar)=aT(m)(b)+c, where a=1.597x10(-5), b=2.322, c=-6.74, and T-m is in kelvin. A comparison of computed T-m with and without the presence of molecular vibrations reveals that T-m is insensitive to the intramolecular interaction term of the potential energy function, but depends strongly on the intermolecular interactions, particularly the Coulombic term (i.e., the partial charges on atoms). (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Chem, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. USA, Res Lab, AMSRL WM BD, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Agrawal, PM (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Chem, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. NR 46 TC 74 Z9 75 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 EI 1089-7690 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD NOV 8 PY 2003 VL 119 IS 18 BP 9617 EP 9627 DI 10.1063/1.1612915 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 735WZ UT WOS:000186138700034 ER PT J AU Cross, AS Opal, SM Palardy, JE Drabick, JJ Warren, HS Huber, C Cook, P Bhattacharjee, AK AF Cross, AS Opal, SM Palardy, JE Drabick, JJ Warren, HS Huber, C Cook, P Bhattacharjee, AK TI Phase I study of detoxified Escherichia coli J5 lipopolysaccharide (J5dLPS)/group B meningococcal outer membrane protein (OMP) complex vaccine in human subjects SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE vaccine; lipopolysaccharide; phase I study; sepsis; E. coli J5 ID GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTEREMIA; SEPTIC SHOCK; OPSONOPHAGOCYTIC ASSAY; SEVERE SEPSIS; DOUBLE-BLIND; ANTIBODY; POLYSACCHARIDE; TRIAL; IMMUNIZATION; RESPONSES AB We previously observed that a detoxified Escherichia coli O111, Re chemotype J5 lipopolysaccharide (J5dLPS)/group B meningococcal outer membrane protein (OMP) vaccine protected animals from experimental lethal sepsis when immune antibodies were given passively as treatment at the onset of fever or when vaccine was given actively as prophylaxis. To test the safety and immunogenicity of this vaccine, we administered doses of 5, 10 and 25 mug (based on dLPS) of vaccine at days 0, 28 and 56 to 24 human subjects (8 per group). Temperatures of 100.3, 99.5 and 99.4 degreesF occurred in three subjects. At 24 h, pain at the injection site was moderate in 38%, mild in 44% and not present in 18%, while at 48 h, it was 1, 25 and 73%, respectively. No alterations in baseline renal, hepatic or hematologic functions occurred. There were two to three times mean-fold increases in anti-J5dLPS IgG (range: 1.9-5.1) and IgM (range: 1.2-9.2) levels in subjects receiving the 10 and 25 mug doses. At 12-month follow-up, three of the original responders had continued elevation of antibody levels. A 25 mug booster dose of vaccine did not increase antibody levels among those responders and did not elicit antibodies among three subjects with no previous antibody response. The plasma from the six volunteers inhibited LPS-induced cytokine generation in human whole blood ex vivo. We conclude that this J5dLPS/OMP vaccine was safe and well-tolerated with transient, local pain at the injection site. Vaccine formulations with different adjuvants are currently under investigation. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Ctr Vaccine Dev, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Infect Dis Unit, Boston, MA 02114 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Bacterial Dis, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Silver Spring, MD USA. Brown Univ, Mem Hosp Rhode Isl, Infect Dis Unit, Pawtucket, RI 02860 USA. RP Cross, AS (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Ctr Vaccine Dev, Dept Med, 685 W Baltimore St,HSF 480, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01AI42181-04] NR 25 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD NOV 7 PY 2003 VL 21 IS 31 BP 4576 EP 4587 DI 10.1016/S0264-410X(03)00483-3 PG 12 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 747XG UT WOS:000186830900012 PM 14575770 ER PT J AU Grathwohl, KW Derdak, S AF Grathwohl, KW Derdak, S TI Buffalo chest SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. RP Grathwohl, KW (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC/NEJM PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD NOV 6 PY 2003 VL 349 IS 19 BP 1829 EP 1829 DI 10.1056/NEJMicm010281 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 739NR UT WOS:000186353800007 PM 14602881 ER PT J AU Needham, SR Ye, BY Smith, JR Korte, WD AF Needham, SR Ye, BY Smith, JR Korte, WD TI Development and validation of a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for the determination of pyridostigmine bromide from guinea pig plasma SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY B-ANALYTICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE BIOMEDICAL AND LIFE SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE pyridostigmine bromide ID HUMAN URINE; PERFORMANCE; PHARMACOKINETICS; N,N-DIETHYL-M-TOLUAMIDE; RADIOIMMUNOASSAY; QUANTIFICATION; METABOLITES; INHIBITORS; PHASE; HPLC AB An HPLC/MS/MS method was validated for the low level analysis of pyridostigmine bromide (PB) from guinea pig plasma. An advantage of this strong-cation exchange HPLC/MS/MS method was the enhancement of the ESI-MS signal by providing good retention and good peak shape of PB with a mobile phase of 70% acetonitrile. In addition, the use of 70% acetonitrile in the mobile phase allowed the direct injection of the supernant from the protein precipitated extracted sample. The assay was linear from the range of 0.1 to 50 ng/ml using only 25 mul of sample. The precision and accuracy of the assay was better than 9.1 and 113%, respectively. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Alturas Analyt Inc, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Div Pharmacol, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Needham, SR (reprint author), Alturas Analyt Inc, 1282 Alturas Dr, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. OI Smith, James/0000-0001-8805-3788 NR 33 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1570-0232 J9 J CHROMATOGR B JI J. Chromatogr. B PD NOV 5 PY 2003 VL 796 IS 2 BP 347 EP 354 DI 10.1016/j.jchromb.2003.08.021 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 740BQ UT WOS:000186381300013 PM 14581074 ER PT J AU Ahmed, SA McPhie, P Smith, LA AF Ahmed, SA McPhie, P Smith, LA TI Autocatalytically fragmented light chain of botulinum A neurotoxin is enzymatically active SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CLOSTRIDIAL NEUROTOXINS; SPECTROSCOPIC ANALYSIS; TRYPTOPHAN SYNTHASE; STRUCTURAL-ANALYSIS; HEAVY-CHAIN; ACTIVATION; MECHANISM; TOXIN; TETANUS; SNAP-25 AB The zinc-endopeptidase light chain of botulinum A neurotoxin undergoes autocatalytic fragmentation that is accelerated by the presence of the metal cofactor, zinc [Ahmed, S. A. et al. (2001) J. Protein Chem. 20, 221-231]. We show in this paper that >95% fragmented light chain obtained in the absence of added zinc retained 100% of its original catalytic activity against a SNAP-25-derived synthetic peptide substrate. In the presence of zinc chloride, when >95% of the light chain had undergone autocatalytic fragmentation, the preparation retained 35% of its original catalytic activity. On the other hand, in the presence of glycerol, the light chain did not display autocatalysis and retained 100% of the original activity. These results suggest that the activity loss by incubation with zinc was not a direct consequence of autocatalysis and that the environment of the active site was not affected significantly by the fragmentation. The optimum pH 4.2-4.6 for autocatalysis was different than that (pH 7.3) for intrinsic catalytic activity. Inhibition of autocatalysis at low pH by a competitive inhibitor of catalytic activity rules out the presence of a contaminating protease but suggests a rate-limiting step of low pH-induced conformational change suitable for autocatalysis. Our results of LC concentration dependence of the fragmentation reaction indicate that the autocatalysis occurs by both intramolecular and intermolecular mechanisms. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Immunol & Mol Biol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NIDDK, Lab Biochem & Genet, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Ahmed, SA (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Immunol & Mol Biol, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 51 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD NOV 4 PY 2003 VL 42 IS 43 BP 12539 EP 12549 DI 10.1021/bi030062c PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 742RD UT WOS:000186531100013 PM 14580200 ER PT J AU Rao, DN Yelleswarapu, CS Kothapalli, SR Rao, DVGLN Kimball, BR AF Rao, DN Yelleswarapu, CS Kothapalli, SR Rao, DVGLN Kimball, BR TI Self-diffraction in bacteriorhodopsin films for low power optical limiting SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID ABSORPTION AB We demonstrated a novel technique for low power optical limiting using self-diffraction in bacteriorhodopsin (bR) films. A cw Ar-Kr laser is used as the pump ( input beam, 568 nm) and the output is the first order self-diffracted beam with an observed efficiency of about 0.01%. Input beam intensity is varied over three orders of magnitude in the range of milliwatt to watts per cm(2) with output clamped at eye safe level of about 0.13 mW/cm(2). Threshold intensity for limiting is governed by the saturation intensity of M-state of bR and hence can be varied by choosing films with different lifetimes. (C) 2003 Optical Society of America. C1 Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02216 USA. Univ Hyderabad, Sch Phys, Hyderabad 500046, Andhra Pradesh, India. USA, Mat Sci Team, Soldier Syst Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Rao, DN (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02216 USA. EM dnrsp@uohyd.ernet.in RI Yelleswarapu, Chandra/C-4392-2011; Rao, Devulapalli/L-8863-2015 NR 16 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 4 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD NOV 3 PY 2003 VL 11 IS 22 BP 2848 EP 2853 DI 10.1364/OE.11.002848 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA 739JH UT WOS:000186341000009 PM 19471404 ER PT J AU Sabatke, DS Locke, AM Dereniak, EL McMillan, RW AF Sabatke, DS Locke, AM Dereniak, EL McMillan, RW TI Linear calibration and reconstruction techniques for channeled spectropolarimetry SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID OPTIMUM ANGLES; POLARIMETER; OPTIMIZATION; RETARDATION; ORDER AB Channeled spectropolarimetry is a novel method of measuring the spectral and polarization content of light. It employs amplitude modulation to encode all four Stokes component spectra into a single optical power spectrum. We describe a practical approach to system calibration and object reconstruction, which is able to account for important non-ideal effects. These include dispersion in retarder materials and limited spectral resolution in the incorporated spectrometer. The spectropolarimeter is modeled as a linear operator, represented in practice by a matrix. The matrix is estimated in the calibration, and pseudoinverted subject to a constraint on object space for reconstructions. Experimental results are shown and compared with reference measurements. An example is given of the technique's application to the characterization of time-varying, stress-induced birefringence. (C) 2003 Optical Society of America. C1 Ball Aerosp & Technol Corp, Boulder, CO 80306 USA. Univ Arizona, Ctr Opt Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Univ Arizona, Ctr Opt Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. USA, Space & Missile Def Command, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA. RP Sabatke, DS (reprint author), Ball Aerosp & Technol Corp, POB 1062, Boulder, CO 80306 USA. EM dsabatke@ball.com NR 32 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 2 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD NOV 3 PY 2003 VL 11 IS 22 BP 2940 EP 2952 DI 10.1364/OE.11.002940 PG 13 WC Optics SC Optics GA 739JH UT WOS:000186341000019 PM 19471414 ER PT J AU Caretti, DM Strickler, LC AF Caretti, DM Strickler, LC TI Speech intelligibility during respirator wear: Influences of respirator speech diaphragm size and background noise SO AIHA JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE respirators; speech diaphragm; speech intelligibility ID HEARING-LOSS AB This study assessed the effect of respirator speech device size on speech intelligibility and the impact of background noise on respirator communications effectiveness. Thirty-five subjects completed modified rhyme test (MRT) speech intelligibility testing procedures with and without a respirator under background noises of 40, 60, and 80 dBA. Respirator wear conditions included the use of one unmodified and three mechanical speech diaphragms modified to reduce the surface area of the vibrating inner membrane available for sound transmission. Average MRT scores decreased linearly as background noise levels increased for all conditions. Lower MRT scores were observed for all respirator speech diaphragm conditions compared to the nonrespirator condition within each noise category. Average MRT scores differed significantly between the unmodified speech diaphragm and one with a 70% reduced surface area with a 40-dBA background noise. However, MRT scores were similar between the modified and unmodified diaphragms at both the 60- and 80-dBA noise levels, These findings provide evidence that alternate designs of mechanical-type respirator speech devices can be achieved without further degradation of speech sound transmission. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Caretti, DM (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE ASSOC PI FAIRFAX PA 2700 PROSPERITY AVE #250, FAIRFAX, VA 22031-4307 USA SN 1529-8663 J9 AIHA J-J SCI OCCUP E JI AIHA J. PD NOV-DEC PY 2003 VL 64 IS 6 BP 846 EP 850 DI 10.1080/15428110308984882 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 759PZ UT WOS:000187747200021 PM 14674794 ER PT J AU Harrison, SA Torgerson, S Hayashi, P Ward, J Schenker, S AF Harrison, SA Torgerson, S Hayashi, P Ward, J Schenker, S TI Vitamin E and vitamin C treatment improves fibrosis in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA; HEPATIC-FIBROSIS; FATTY LIVER; HEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMA; NATURAL-HISTORY; EXPRESSION; CIRRHOSIS; SEVERITY; DISEASE; DAMAGE AB OBJECTIVE: Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a common cause of liver disease. Although usually indolent, this disease can progress to cirrhosis in some patients. There is currently no proven medical therapy for the treatment of NASH. The aim of our study was to evaluate the efficacy of combination a-tocopherol (vitamin E) and vitamin C in reducing histologic inflammation and fibrosis. METHODS: This was a prospective, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial with a total enrollment of 49 patients; 45 patients completed the study. All patients were randomized to receive either vitamins E and C (1000 IU and 1000 mg, respectively) or placebo daily for 6 months, based on their initial histologic diagnosis of NASH. Additionally, all patients were given standard weight-loss counseling and encouraged to follow a low fat diet (<30 fat g/day). The pre-and posttreatment liver biopsies were reviewed by a single pathologist, who was blinded to the patient's medication. Biopsies were scored based on a modification of the scoring system published by Brunt et al. (Am J Gastroenterol 1999; 94:2467-74). A score of 0-4 was possible for fibrosis, and a score of 0-6 was possible for inflammation and hepatocyte degeneration and necrosis. In addition, body mass index, glycohemoglobin, lipids, and liver enzymes were followed throughout the study. RESULTS: Forty-five patients completed 6 months of therapy without significant side effects. Vitamin treatment resulted in a statistically significant improvement in fibrosis score (p = 0.002). No changes were noted in inflammation with treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Vitamin E and vitamin C, in the doses used in this study, were well tolerated and were effective in improving fibrosis scores in NASH patients. No improvement in necroinflammatory activity or ALT was seen with this combination of drug therapy. A larger, multicenter, longer-term trial with vitamin E and vitamin C seems to be warranted. (C) 2003 by Am. Coll. of Gastroenterology. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Gastroenterol, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX USA. Dept Clin Invest, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Harrison, SA (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 27 TC 324 Z9 338 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 98 IS 11 BP 2485 EP 2490 DI 10.1016/j.amjgastroenterol.2003.08.005 PG 6 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 746MQ UT WOS:000186750500024 PM 14638353 ER PT J AU Phornphutkul, C Suwannarat, P Introne, W Bernardini, I Turner, M Heekin, RD Kleta, R Gahl, WA AF Phornphutkul, C Suwannarat, P Introne, W Bernardini, I Turner, M Heekin, RD Kleta, R Gahl, WA TI Making the diagnosis of alkaptonuria: Unusual skin findings in an alkaptonuria patient. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Human-Genetics CY NOV 04-08, 2003 CL LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA SP Amer Soc Human Genet C1 NHGRI, MGB, Sect Human Biochem Genet, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NCI, Dermatol Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Orthopaed Surg Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0002-9297 J9 AM J HUM GENET JI Am. J. Hum. Genet. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 73 IS 5 MA 1622 BP 447 EP 447 PG 1 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 726LC UT WOS:000185599701622 ER PT J AU Reynolds, JC Agodoa, LY Yuan, CM Abbott, KC AF Reynolds, JC Agodoa, LY Yuan, CM Abbott, KC TI Thrombotic microangiopathy after renal transplantation in the United States SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES LA English DT Article DE hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS); thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura; thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA); immunosuppression; recurrence; age; complications; tacrolimus; cyclosporine; calcineurin inhibitor; sirolimus; United States Renal Data System (USRDS) ID HEMOLYTIC-UREMIC SYNDROME; SIROLIMUS-BASED IMMUNOSUPPRESSION; THROMBOCYTOPENIC PURPURA; CYCLOSPORINE-A; MARROW TRANSPLANTATION; KIDNEY-TRANSPLANTATION; ALLOGRAFT RECIPIENT; PROGNOSTIC FACTORS; DISEASE; RECURRENCE AB Background: Analysis of the incidence, time to event, and risk factors for thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) after renal transplantation (RT), has not been reported in a national population. Methods: This is a historical cohort study of 15,870 RT recipients in the United States Renal Data System (USRDS) with Medicare as their primary payer between January 1, 1998, and July 31, 2000, followed until December 31, 2000. Patients with Medicare claims with a diagnosis of TMA (International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision, codes 283.11x or 446.6x) after RT were assessed by Cox regression. Results: Among patients with end-stage renal disease owing to hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), 29.2% later had TMA versus 0.8% of patients with ESRD owing to other causes. The incidence of TMA in RT recipients was 5.6 episodes per 1,000 person-years (PY; 189/1,000 PY; for recurrent TMA versus 4.9/1,000 PY for de novo TMA). The risk of TMA was highest for the first 3 months after transplant. Risk factors for de novo TMA included younger recipient age, older donor age, female recipient, and initial use of sirolimus. Patient survival rate after TMA was approximately 50% at 3 years. Conclusion: De novo TMA is uncommon and may occur later after RT than previously reported. Risk factors for de novo TMA were also identified. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Abbott, KC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. OI Abbott, Kevin/0000-0003-2111-7112 NR 43 TC 95 Z9 100 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0272-6386 J9 AM J KIDNEY DIS JI Am. J. Kidney Dis. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 42 IS 5 BP 1058 EP 1068 DI 10.1053/S0272-6386(03)01019-9 PG 11 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 742AH UT WOS:000186492200021 PM 14582050 ER PT J AU Lesho, EP Schissel, DJ Harris, MD AF Lesho, EP Schissel, DJ Harris, MD TI Vaccinating health care workers against smallpox in an isolated primary care facility SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. USA, Med Dept Act, Heidelberg, Germany. RP Lesho, EP (reprint author), 611 Forest Glen Rd, Silver Spring, MD 20901 USA. EM emillesho@yahoo.com NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9343 J9 AM J MED JI Am. J. Med. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 115 IS 7 BP 570 EP 572 DI 10.1016/S0002-9343(03)00473-X PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 740PX UT WOS:000186411700009 PM 14599637 ER PT J AU Kerrison, JB Lancaster, JL Zamarripa, FE Richardson, LA Morrison, JC Holck, DEE Andreason, KW Blaydon, SM Fox, PT AF Kerrison, JB Lancaster, JL Zamarripa, FE Richardson, LA Morrison, JC Holck, DEE Andreason, KW Blaydon, SM Fox, PT TI Positron emission tomography scanning in essential blepharospasm SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th Annual Meeting of the North-American-Neuro-Ophthalmology-Society CY FEB 09-14, 2002 CL COPPER MT, COLORADO SP N Amer Neuro Ophthalmol Soc ID BENIGN ESSENTIAL BLEPHAROSPASM; HUMAN-BRAIN; PRIMARY DYSTONIA; FUNCTIONAL MRI; ACTIVATION; PREVALENCE; THALAMUS; LESIONS; REGIONS; REFLEX AB Purpose: To localize in the brain using positron emission tomography neuroimaging with (18)fluorodeoxyglucose [PET ((18)FDG)] differences in glucose metabolism between patients with essential blepharospasm (EB) and controls. Design Prospective case-control study Methods. Positron emission tomography neuroimaging with (18)fluorodeoxyglucose was performed in 11 patients with EB and 11 controls matched for age and gender. Global analysis of images was used to localize differences in glucose metabolism between groups. Results: Multiple cortical and subcortical abnormalities were observed in EB patients in comparison with controls. Cortical areas with the largest and most significant clusters of increased glucose uptake were the inferior frontal gyri, right posterior cingulate gyrus, left middle occipital gyrus, fusiform gyrus of the right temporal lobe, and left anterior cingulate gyrus. Cortical areas with the largest and most significant clusters of decreased glucose uptake were the inferior frontal gyri, ventral to the area of increased glucose metabolism. Subcortical abnormalities, consisting of increased glucose uptake, involved the right caudate and consisting of decreased glucose uptake, involved the left inferior cerebellar hemisphere and thalamus. Conclusions: Global analysis of positron emission tomography neuroimaging with (18)fluorodeoxyglucose neuroimaging in EB patients in comparison with controls demonstrates a pattern of abnormalities involving several cortical and subcortical areas that control blinking, including the inferior frontal lobe, caudate, thalamus, and cerebellum. C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Ophthalmol, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Nucl Med, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Res Imaging Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Ophthalmol, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Kerrison, JB (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Wilmer Inst, 600 N Wolfe St,Maumenee B109, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. RI Lancaster, Jack/F-2994-2010; Fox, Peter/B-4725-2010 OI Fox, Peter/0000-0002-0465-2028 NR 46 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9394 J9 AM J OPHTHALMOL JI Am. J. Ophthalmol. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 136 IS 5 BP 846 EP 852 DI 10.1016/S0002-9394(03)00895-X PG 7 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 735ZW UT WOS:000186146000008 PM 14597035 ER PT J AU Bancroft, LW Kransdorf, MJ Peterson, JJ Sundaram, M Murphey, MD O'Connor, MI AF Bancroft, LW Kransdorf, MJ Peterson, JJ Sundaram, M Murphey, MD O'Connor, MI TI Imaging characteristics of spindle cell lipoma SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ROENTGENOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LIPOSARCOMA AB OBJECTIVE. The objective of this article is to define the imaging characteristics of spindle cell lipoma on MRI and CT. CONCLUSION. The diagnosis of spindle cell lipoma should be suggested when a well-defined complex fatty mass is found in the subcutis of a middle-aged man, especially if the mass is localized to the posterior neck. Intense enhancement of the nonadipose component further supports this diagnosis. C1 Mayo Clin, Dept Radiol, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Radiol Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. Mayo Clin, Dept Radiol, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Radiol & Nucl Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Mayo Clin, Dept Orthoped Surg, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA. RP Kransdorf, MJ (reprint author), Mayo Clin, Dept Radiol, 4500 San Pablo Rd, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA. OI Bancroft, Laura/0000-0002-3997-5759 NR 12 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ROENTGEN RAY SOC PI RESTON PA 1891 PRESTON WHITE DR, SUBSCRIPTION FULFILLMENT, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0361-803X J9 AM J ROENTGENOL JI Am. J. Roentgenol. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 181 IS 5 BP 1251 EP 1254 PG 4 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 735RY UT WOS:000186129400028 PM 14573414 ER PT J AU Mashima, PA Birkmire-Peters, DP Syms, MJ Holtel, MR Burgess, LPA Peters, LJ AF Mashima, PA Birkmire-Peters, DP Syms, MJ Holtel, MR Burgess, LPA Peters, LJ TI Telehealth: Voice therapy using telecommunications technology SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE telehealth; voice therapy; telepractice AB Telehealth offers the potential to meet the needs of underserved populations in remote regions. The purpose of this study was a proof-of-concept to determine whether voice therapy can be delivered effectively remotely. Treatment outcomes were evaluated for a vocal rehabilitation protocol delivered under 2 conditions: with the patient and clinician interacting within the same room (conventional group) and with the patient and clinician in separate rooms, interacting in real time via a hard-wired video camera and monitor (video teleconference group). Seventy-two patients with voice disorders served as participants. Based on evaluation by otolaryngologists, 31 participants were diagnosed with vocal nodules, 29 were diagnosed with edema, 9 were diagnosed with unilateral vocal fold paralysis, and 3 presented with vocal hyperfunction with no laryngeal pathology. Fifty-one participants (71%) completed the vocal rehabilitation protocol. Outcome measures included perceptual judgments of voice quality, acoustic analyses of voice, patient satisfaction ratings, and fiber-optic laryngoscopy. There were no differences in outcome measures between the conventional group and the remote video teleconference group. Participants in both groups showed positive changes on all outcome measures after completing the vocal rehabilitation protocol. Reasons for participants discontinuing therapy prematurely provided support for the telehealth model of service delivery. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Otolaryngol Serv, Speech Pathol Clin, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Mashima, PA (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Otolaryngol Serv, Speech Pathol Clin, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. EM Pauline.Mashima@haw.tamc.amedd.army.mil NR 20 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER SPEECH-LANGUAGE-HEARING ASSOC PI ROCKVILLE PA 10801 ROCKVILLE PIKE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20852-3279 USA SN 1058-0360 J9 AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT JI Am. J. Speech-Lang. Pathol. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 12 IS 4 BP 432 EP 439 DI 10.1044/1058-0360(2003/089) PG 8 WC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Linguistics; Rehabilitation SC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Linguistics; Rehabilitation GA 022VZ UT WOS:000236085500006 PM 14658995 ER PT J AU Uhorchak, JM Scoville, CR Williams, GN Arciero, RA St Pierre, P Taylor, DC AF Uhorchak, JM Scoville, CR Williams, GN Arciero, RA St Pierre, P Taylor, DC TI Risk factors associated with noncontact injury of the anterior cruciate ligament - A prospective four-year evaluation of 859 West Point cadets SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th Annual Meeting of the American-Orthopaedic-Society-for-Sports-Medicine (AOSSM) CY JUN, 2002 CL ORLANDO, FLORIDA SP Amer Orthopaed Soc Sport Med ID INTERCONDYLAR NOTCH; BASKETBALL PLAYERS; KNEE; TEARS; HAMSTRINGS; QUADRICEPS; FOOTBALL; STRENGTH; ACL AB Background: The causes of noncontact anterior cruciate ligament injury remain an enigma. Purpose: To prospectively evaluate risk factors for noncontact anterior cruciate ligament injuries in a large population of young athletic people. Study Design: Prospective cohort study. Methods: In 1995, 1198 new United States Military Academy cadets underwent detailed testing and many parameters were documented. During their 4-year tenure, all anterior cruciate ligament injuries that occurred were identified. Statistical analyses were used to identify the factors that may have predisposed the cadets to noncontact anterior cruciate ligament injuries. Results: Among the 895 cadets who completed the entire 4-year study, there were 24 noncontact anterior cruciate ligament tears (16 in men, 8 in women). Significant risk factors included small femoral notch width, generalized joint laxity, and, in women, higher than normal body mass index and KT-2000 arthrometer values that were 1 standard deviation or more above the mean. The presence of more than one of these risk factors greatly increased the relative risk of injury. All female cadets who had some combination of risk factors sustained noncontact anterior cruciate ligament injuries, indicating that some combinations of factors are especially perilous to the female knee. Conclusion: Several risk factors may predispose young athletes to noncontact anterior cruciate ligament injury. (C) 2003 American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine. C1 Keller Army Community Hosp, Orthopaed Serv, Dept Surg, W Point, NY 10996 USA. Keller Army Community Hosp, Phys Therapy Serv, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Uhorchak, JM (reprint author), Keller Army Community Hosp, Orthopaed Serv, Dept Surg, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 26 TC 242 Z9 251 U1 8 U2 46 PU AMER ORTHOPAEDIC SOC SPORT MED PI WALTHAM PA 230 CALVARY STREET, WALTHAM, MA 02154 USA SN 0363-5465 J9 AM J SPORT MED JI Am. J. Sports Med. PD NOV-DEC PY 2003 VL 31 IS 6 BP 831 EP 842 PG 12 WC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences SC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences GA 744PJ UT WOS:000186640600003 PM 14623646 ER PT J AU Napierkowski, J Wong, RKH AF Napierkowski, J Wong, RKH TI Extraesophageal manifestations of GERD SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF THE MEDICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Review DE extraesophageal reflux; gastroesophageal reflux; asthma; laryngitis; chronic cough ID GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE; CHRONIC PERSISTENT COUGH; LAPAROSCOPIC NISSEN FUNDOPLICATION; ACID SUPPRESSIVE THERAPY; QUALITY-OF-LIFE; POSTERIOR LARYNGITIS; ESOPHAGEAL ACID; RESPIRATORY SYMPTOMS; ANTIREFLUX THERAPY; DOUBLE-BLIND AB The association between gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and extraesophageal disease is often referred to as extraesophageal reflux (EER). This article reviews EER, discussing epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment with a focus on the most studied and convincing EER disorders-asthma, cough, and laryngitis. Although EER comprises a heterogeneous group of disorders, some general characterizations can be made, as follows. First, although GERD's association with extraesophageal diseases is well-established, definitive evidence of causation has been more elusive, rendering epidemiological data scarce. Secondly, regarding the pathogenesis of EER, 2 basic models have been proposed: direct injury to extraesophageal tissue by acid and pepsin exposure or injury mediated through an esophageal reflex mechanism. Third, because heartburn and regurgitation are often absent in patients with EER, GERD may not be suspected. Even when GERD is suspected, the diagnosis may be difficult to confirm. Although endoscopy and barium esophagram remain important tools for detecting esophageal complications, they may fail to establish the presence of GERD. Even when GERD is diagnosed by endoscopy or barium esophagram, causation between GERD and extraesophageal symptoms cannot be determined. Esophageal pH is the most sensitive tool for detecting GERD, and it plays an important role in EER. However, even pH testing cannot establish GERD's causative relationship to extraesophageal symptoms. In this regard, effective treatment of GERD resulting in significant improvement or remission of the extraesophageal symptoms provides the best evidence for GERD's pathogenic role. Finally, EER generally requires more prolonged and aggressive antisecretory therapy than typical GERD requires. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Gastroenterol, Dept Gastroenterol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Washington, DC USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Div Digest Dis, Washington, DC USA. RP Wong, RKH (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Gastroenterol, Dept Gastroenterol, Bldg 2,7F,6900 Georgia Ave, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM roy.wong@na.amedd.army.mil NR 119 TC 36 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0002-9629 EI 1538-2990 J9 AM J MED SCI JI Am. J. Med. Sci. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 326 IS 5 BP 285 EP 299 DI 10.1097/00000441-200311000-00005 PG 15 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 743AB UT WOS:000186549300005 PM 14615670 ER PT J AU Abbott, KC AF Abbott, KC TI Creative publishing or fad: The case of transplant registry analyses - Reply SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Letter ID HEPATITIS-C VIRUS; RENAL-TRANSPLANTATION; KIDNEY-TRANSPLANTATION; PATIENT SURVIVAL; RECIPIENTS; INFECTION; SEROPOSITIVITY; IMPACT C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Abbott, KC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL MUNKSGAARD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 1600-6135 J9 AM J TRANSPLANT JI Am. J. Transplant. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 3 IS 11 BP 1454 EP 1454 DI 10.1046/j.1600-6135.2003.00265.x PG 1 WC Surgery; Transplantation SC Surgery; Transplantation GA 737LA UT WOS:000186230800022 ER PT J AU Abbott, KC AF Abbott, KC TI Use of surrogate outcomes for cardiovascular disease after renal transplantation SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Letter ID DIABETES-MELLITUS; KIDNEY-TRANSPLANTATION; UNITED-STATES; RECIPIENTS; RISK C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Abbott, KC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. OI Abbott, Kevin/0000-0003-2111-7112 NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL MUNKSGAARD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 1600-6135 J9 AM J TRANSPLANT JI Am. J. Transplant. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 3 IS 11 BP 1455 EP 1456 DI 10.1046/j.1600-6135.2003.00266.x PG 2 WC Surgery; Transplantation SC Surgery; Transplantation GA 737LA UT WOS:000186230800023 PM 14525613 ER PT J AU Coleman, RE Monkanna, T Linthicum, KJ Strickman, DA Frances, SP Tanskul, P Kollars, TM Inlao, I Watcharapichat, P Khlaimanee, N Phulsuksombati, D Sangjun, N Lerdthusnee, K AF Coleman, RE Monkanna, T Linthicum, KJ Strickman, DA Frances, SP Tanskul, P Kollars, TM Inlao, I Watcharapichat, P Khlaimanee, N Phulsuksombati, D Sangjun, N Lerdthusnee, K TI Occurrence of Orientia tsutsugamushi in small mammals from Thailand SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID RICKETTSIA-TSUTSUGAMUSHI; SCRUB-TYPHUS; TROMBICULID MITES; NORTHERN THAILAND; LEPTOTROMBIDIUM-DELIENSE; FEEDING PROCESS; CHIGGERS ACARI; TRANSMISSION; RODENTS; INFECTIONS AB Extensive sampling of small mammals was conducted in eight provinces of Thailand between September 9, 1992 and April 29, 2001. A total of 3,498 specimens representing 22 species were collected. Eighty-eight percent (3,089 of 3,498) of the animals were collected from a region in Chiangrai Province, which is commonly recognized as endemic for human scrub typhus. Blood and tissue samples from each animal were tested for the presence of Orientia tsutsugamushi, the etiologic agent of scrub typhus. The predominant species collected were Rattus rattus (53%, n = 1,863), R. losea (18%, n = 638), Bandicota indica (16%, n = 564), and R. exulans (4%, n = 146). Orientia tsutsugamushi was detected in 10 of the 22 species of mammals that included R. bukit (25% infected, 1 of 4), R. rattus (23%, 419 of 1,855), R. argentiventer (22%, 5 of 23), R. berdmorei (22%, 2 of 9), R. losea (13%, 82 of 638), B. indica (9%, 52 of 564), R. koratensis (8%, 1 of 12), B. savilei (3%,1 of 30), R. exulans (1%, 2 of 146), and Tupaia glis (2%, 1 of 49). Infected animals were found in Chiangrai (18% infected, 563 of 3,084), Bangkok (11%, 1 of 9), Sukothai (3%, 1 of 30), and Nonthaburi (1%, 1 of 69) Provinces. The implications towards scrub typhus maintenance and transmission are discussed. C1 USA, Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Entomol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Royal Thai Army Med Components, Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. RP Coleman, RE (reprint author), USA, Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Entomol, 315-6 Rajvithi Rd, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. NR 26 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 69 IS 5 BP 519 EP 524 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 750WY UT WOS:000187022500013 PM 14695089 ER PT J AU Sattabongkot, J Maneechai, N Phunkitchar, V Eikarat, N Khuntirat, B Sirichaisinthop, J Burge, R Coleman, RE AF Sattabongkot, J Maneechai, N Phunkitchar, V Eikarat, N Khuntirat, B Sirichaisinthop, J Burge, R Coleman, RE TI Comparison of artificial membrane feeding with direct skin feeding to estimate the infectiousness of Plasmodium vivax gametocyte carriers to mosquitoes SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID TRANSMISSION-BLOCKING IMMUNITY; ANOPHELES-GAMBIAE; MALARIA TRANSMISSION; SOUTHERN MEXICO; FALCIPARUM; INFECTIVITY; POPULATION; ALBIMANUS; AREA; VACCINES AB The efficacy of a membrane-feeding apparatus as a means of infecting Anopheles dirus mosquitoes with Plasmodium vivax was compared with direct feeding of mosquitoes on gametocyte carriers. Volunteers participating in the study were symptomatic patients reporting to malaria clinics in western Thailand. Direct mosquito feeds were conducted on 285 P. vivax-infected individuals. Four methods of preparing blood for the membrane-feeding apparatus were evaluated. They included 1) replacement of patient plasma with sera from a P. vivax-naive donor (n = 276), 2) replacement of patient plasma with plasma from a P. vivax-naive donor (n = 83), 3) replacement of patient plasma with that individual's own plasma (n = 80), and 4) whole blood added directly to the feeder (n = 221). Criteria used to compare the different methods included 1) number of feeds infecting mosquitoes, 2) percent of mosquitoes with oocysts, and 3) mean number of oocysts per positive mosquito. For most parameters, the direct-feeding method was not significantly different from methods that replaced patient plasma with sera/plasma from a P. vivax-naive donor. However, direct feeding was more effective than use of whole blood or blood that was reconstituted with the patient's own plasma. These data suggest a possible role of transmission-blocking antibody. The implications towards development of a membrane-feeding assay for the evaluation of candidate transmission-blocking malaria vaccines is discussed. C1 Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Entomol, US Army Med Component, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Biometr, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Vector Borne Dis Control Off 1, Sara Buri, Thailand. RP Sattabongkot, J (reprint author), Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Entomol, US Army Med Component, 315-6 Rajvithi Rd, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI-4881301A1] NR 33 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 69 IS 5 BP 529 EP 535 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 750WY UT WOS:000187022500015 PM 14695091 ER PT J AU Sattabongkot, J Tsuboi, T Hisaeda, H Tachibana, M Suwanabun, N Rungruang, T Cao, YM Stowers, AW Sirichaisinthop, J Coleman, RE Torii, M AF Sattabongkot, J Tsuboi, T Hisaeda, H Tachibana, M Suwanabun, N Rungruang, T Cao, YM Stowers, AW Sirichaisinthop, J Coleman, RE Torii, M TI Blocking of transmission to mosquitoes by antibody to Plasmodium vivax malaria vaccine candidates Pvs25 and Pvs28 despite antigenic polymorphism in field isolates SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID OOKINETE SURFACE-ANTIGENS; CONSERVED REGIONS; MINIMAL VARIATION; FALCIPARUM; PROTEIN; PFS25; BERGHEI; HOMOLOGS; IMMUNITY; YOELII AB We have previously demonstrated that mouse antisera against yeast-produced recombinant forms of the ookinete surface proteins of Plasmodium vivax (Pvs25 and Pvs28) blocks transmission of the homologous P. vivax (Sal I strain). In this study, we developed mouse and rabbit antisera against Pvs25 and Pvs28 and evaluated the efficacy of these vaccine candidates against natural isolates of P. vivax in Thailand. Although both Pvs25 and Pvs28 genes are polymorphic. sera from mice immunized using alum adjuvant completely inhibited oocyst development for most human isolates. whereas sera from rabbits immunized with either alum or Freund's adjuvant were partially inhibitory. All inhibition occurred in an antibody dose dependent fashion. Data from this study clearly demonstrates that antibodies raised against Sal I-based vaccines overcome the genetic polymorphism of Pvs25 and Pvs28 present in natural isolates of P. vivax. suggesting the wide range applicability of Sal I based vaccines. C1 Ehime Univ, Cell Free Sci & Technol Res Ctr, Matsuyama, Ehime 7908577, Japan. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Entomol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Kyushu Univ, Fac Med Sci, Dept Immunol & Parasitol, Fukuoka 8128582, Japan. Ehime Univ, Sch Med, Dept Mol Parasitol, Shigenobu, Ehime 7910295, Japan. China Med Univ, Coll Preclin Med, Dept Immunol, Shenyang 110001, Peoples R China. NIAID, Malaria Vaccine Dev Unit, NIH, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. Off Vector Borne Dis Control 1, Sara Buri 18120, Thailand. RP Tsuboi, T (reprint author), Ehime Univ, Cell Free Sci & Technol Res Ctr, 3 Bunkyo Cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 7908577, Japan. EM tsuboi@m.ehime-u.ac.jp NR 28 TC 35 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 69 IS 5 BP 536 EP 541 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 750WY UT WOS:000187022500016 PM 14695092 ER PT J AU Ponsa, N Sattabongkot, J Kittayapong, P Eikarat, N Coleman, RE AF Ponsa, N Sattabongkot, J Kittayapong, P Eikarat, N Coleman, RE TI Transmission-blocking activity of tafenoquine (WR-238605) and artelinic acid against naturally circulating strains of Plasmodium vivax in Thailand SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID ANOPHELES-STEPHENSI MOSQUITOS; CHLOROQUINE-RESISTANT STRAIN; MALARIA CHEMOPROPHYLAXIS; SPORONTOCIDAL ACTIVITY; DRUG-RESISTANCE; BERGHEI ANKA; ANTIMALARIAL; FALCIPARUM; ARTEMISININ; PHARMACOKINETICS AB The sporontocidal activity of tafenoquine (WR-238605) and artelinic acid was determined against naturally circulating isolates of Plasmodium vivax in western Thailand. Primaquine was used as a negative control and a dihydroacridine-dione (WR-250547) was used as a positive control. Laboratory-reared Anopheles dirus mosquitoes were infected with P. vivax by allowing mosquitoes to feed on blood (placed in an artificial-membrane feeding apparatus) collected from gametocytemic volunteers reporting to local malaria clinics in Tak province, Thailand. Four days post- infection. mosquitoes were refed on uninfected mice treated 90 minutes earlier with a given drug. Drug activity was determined by assessing oocyst and sporozoite development. Neither primaquine nor artelinic acid affected oocyst or sporozoite development at a dose of 100 mg of base drug/kg of mouse body weight. In contrast, tafenoquine and WR-250547 affected sporogonic development at doses as low as 25.0 and 0.39 mg/kg, respectively. The potential role of these compounds in the prevention of malaria transmission is discussed, as are alternative strategies for the use of transmission-blocking antimalarial drugs. C1 Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Entomol, US Army Med Component, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Mahidol Univ, Fac Sci, Ctr Vectors & Vector Borne Dis, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Mahidol Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Biol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. RP Ponsa, N (reprint author), Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Entomol, US Army Med Component, 315-6 Rajvithi Rd, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. NR 32 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 69 IS 5 BP 542 EP 547 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 750WY UT WOS:000187022500017 PM 14695093 ER PT J AU Darling, RG Waeckerle, JF Grabenstein, JD Koenig, KL AF Darling, RG Waeckerle, JF Grabenstein, JD Koenig, KL TI Removing health care workers from clinical duties after smallpox vaccination: Is it really necessary? SO ANNALS OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, USN, Med Off Homeland Secur, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Off Surgeon Gen, Falls Church, VA USA. Dept Vet Affairs, Vet Hlth Adm, Emergency management Strateg Healthcare Grp, Washington, DC USA. RP Darling, RG (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, USN, Med Off Homeland Secur, 1425 Porter St,ATTN MCMR-UIM-0, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0196-0644 J9 ANN EMERG MED JI Ann. Emerg. Med. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 42 IS 5 BP 685 EP 688 DI 10.1067/mem.2003.419 PG 4 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 737PT UT WOS:000186241500012 PM 14581922 ER PT J AU Adams, BD AF Adams, BD TI Scleroderma renal crisis SO ANNALS OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Adams, BD (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0196-0644 J9 ANN EMERG MED JI Ann. Emerg. Med. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 42 IS 5 BP 713 EP 714 DI 10.1067/mem.2003.372 PG 2 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 737PT UT WOS:000186241500019 PM 14596246 ER PT J AU Chen, NH Kyle, DE Pasay, C Fowler, EV Baker, J Peters, JM Cheng, Q AF Chen, NH Kyle, DE Pasay, C Fowler, EV Baker, J Peters, JM Cheng, Q TI pfcrt allelic types with two novel amino acid mutations in chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum isolates from the Philippines SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID GENETIC DIVERSITY; IN-VIVO; MALARIA; PARASITES; POLYMORPHISMS; PROTEIN; MARKER AB Mutations in the pfcrt and pfmdr1 genes have been associated with chloroquine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum. Ten and five mutations, respectively, have been identified in these genes from chloroquine-resistant parasites worldwide. Mutation patterns in pfcrt revealed that chloroquine resistance evolved independently in southeast Asia, South America, and Papua New Guinea. However, the evolution of chloroquine resistance in the rest of the Pacific region is unclear. In this study, we examined sequence polymorphisms in these genes in isolates from Morong, Philippines, and compared them to known chloroquine resistance sequences. Two novel mutations, A144T and L160Y, were identified outside of the 10 known mutations in pfcrt in Morong isolates. These novel mutations were identified only in parasites with K76T and N326D but without the common A220S mutation found in most chloroquine-resistant isolates. This represents a unique chloroquine resistance allelic type (K76T/A144T/L160Y/N326D) not previously found elsewhere in the world. One Morong isolate also had an additional C72S mutation, whereas only one isolate possessed an allelic type typical of chloroquine resistance in Asia. Parasites with the novel pfcrt allelic types were resistant to chloroquine in vitro and were unresponsive to verapamil (0.9 muM) chemosensitization, similar to chloroquine-resistant parasites from South America and Papua New Guinea. These results suggest that chloroquine resistance evolved independently in the Philippines and represents a second chloroquine resistance founder event in the South Pacific. C1 Australian Army Malaria Inst, Dept Drug Resistance & Diagnost, Enoggera, Qld 4051, Australia. Queensland Inst Med Res, Malaria & Scabies Grp, Infect Dis Unit, Herston, Qld 4006, Australia. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Silver Spring, MD USA. Res Inst Trop Med, Dept Parasitol, Manila, Philippines. RP Cheng, Q (reprint author), Australian Army Malaria Inst, Dept Drug Resistance & Diagnost, Weary Dunlop Dr,Gallipoli Barracks, Enoggera, Qld 4051, Australia. FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI047500, R01 AI047500-3] NR 21 TC 72 Z9 77 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 47 IS 11 BP 3500 EP 3505 DI 10.1128/AAC.47.11.3500-3505.2003 PG 6 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 738WT UT WOS:000186311400018 PM 14576108 ER PT J AU Krakauer, T Buckley, M AF Krakauer, T Buckley, M TI Doxycycline is anti-inflammatory and inhibits staphylococcal exotoxin-induced cytokines and chemokines SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID TOXIC-SHOCK-SYNDROME; CLASS-II MOLECULES; HUMAN-DISEASE; SUPERANTIGENS; TETRACYCLINES; INTERLEUKIN-1; COLLAGENASE; INDUCTION; PROTEIN; MODEL AB Proinflammatory cytokines mediate the toxic effect of superantigenic staphylococcal exotoxins (SE). Doxycycline inhibited SE-stimulated T-cell proliferation and production of cytokines and chemokines by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. These results suggest that the antibiotic doxycycline has anti-inflammatory effects and is therapeutically useful for mitigating the pathogenic effects of SE. C1 USA, Dept Immunol & Mol Biol, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Krakauer, T (reprint author), USA, Dept Immunol & Mol Biol, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 26 TC 58 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 47 IS 11 BP 3630 EP 3633 DI 10.1128/AAC.47.11.3630-3633.2003 PG 4 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 738WT UT WOS:000186311400043 PM 14576133 ER PT J AU Nalca, A Fellows, PF Whitehouse, CA AF Nalca, A Fellows, PF Whitehouse, CA TI Vaccines and animal models for arboviral encephalitides SO ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE vaccines; arboviral encephalitides; infectious diseases ID TICK-BORNE ENCEPHALITIS; WEST-NILE-VIRUS; VENEZUELAN EQUINE ENCEPHALITIS; ST-LOUIS ENCEPHALITIS; LA-CROSSE VIRUS; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; GROUP-B ARBOVIRUSES; WILD-TYPE VIRUS; JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS; ENCEPHALOMYELITIS VIRUS AB Arthropod-borne viruses ("arboviruses") cause significant human illness ranging from mild, asymptomatic infection to fatal encephalitis or hemorrhagic fever. The most significant arboviruses causing human illness belong to genera in three viral families, Togaviridae, Flaviviridae, and Bunyaviridae. These viruses represent a significant public health threat to many parts of the world, and, as evidenced by the recent introduction of the West Nile virus (WNV) to the Western Hemisphere, they can no longer be considered specific to any one country or region of the world. Like most viral diseases, there are no specific therapies for the arboviral encephalitides; therefore, effective vaccines remain the front line of defense for these diseases. With this in mind, the development of new, more effective vaccines and the appropriate animal models in which to test them become paramount. In fact, for many important arboviruses (e.g. California serogroup and St. Louis encephalitis viruses), there are currently no approved vaccines available for human use. For others, such as the alphaviruses, human vaccines are available only as Investigational New Drugs, and thus are not in widespread use. On the other hand, safe and effective vaccines against tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) and Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) have been in use for decades. New challenges in vaccine development have been met with new technologies in vaccine research. Many of the newer vaccines are now being developed by recombinant DNA technology. For example, chimeric virus vaccines have been developed using infectious clone technology for many of the arboviruses including, WNV, JEV, and TBEV. Other successful approaches have involved the use of naked DNA encoding and subsequently expressing the desired protective epitopes. Naked DNA vaccines have been used for TBEV and JEV and are currently under development for use against WNV. The development of less expensive, more authentic animal models to evaluate new vaccines against arboviral diseases will become increasingly important as these new approaches in vaccine research are realized. This article reviews the current status of vaccines, both approved for use and those in developmental stages, against the major arboviral encephalitides causing human disease. In addition, research on animal models, both past and present, for these diseases are discussed. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 So Res Inst, Homeland Secur & Infect Dis Res Div, Frederick, MD 21701 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Nalca, A (reprint author), So Res Inst, Homeland Secur & Infect Dis Res Div, 431 Aviat Way, Frederick, MD 21701 USA. NR 247 TC 24 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-3542 J9 ANTIVIR RES JI Antiviral Res. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 60 IS 3 BP 153 EP 174 DI 10.1016/j.antiviral.2003.08.001 PG 22 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology GA 751KQ UT WOS:000187066200001 PM 14638392 ER PT J AU Sun, K O'Neill, K Shamatava, I Shubitidze, F Paulsen, KD AF Sun, K O'Neill, K Shamatava, I Shubitidze, F Paulsen, KD TI A fast forward model for simulating EMI scattering with realistic sensors and elongated objects SO APPLIED COMPUTATIONAL ELECTROMAGNETICS SOCIETY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE spheroid; EMI; scattering; SPA; GEM-3; nonuniform field; spheroidal modes ID PHYSICAL OPTICS APPROXIMATION; LIGHT-SCATTERING; LARGE SPHEROIDS; EXCITATION; PARTICLES AB Fast solutions for UWB electromagnetic induction (EMI) scattering from fundamental object shapes are of longstanding interest for sensing of metallic objects, e.g. underground unexploded ordnance (UXO) detection and discrimination. Researchers have recently developed the general formulation for an analytical solution for EMI scattering from a spheroid. The specialization based on Small Penetration Assumption (SPA) is designed to attack the high frequency difficulties that challenge many numerical techniques. This paper uses the new analytical techniques to explore scattering from spheroids and other objects, with excitation complicated by non-uniform fields. To perform the necessary decomposition of the transmitted primary field into spheroidal modes, we represent the transmitter by a set of magnetic dipoles, which dramatically increases efficiency. The performance of the SPA solution is evaluated by comparison with results from other numerical techniques and measured data. Comparison with measured data also indicates that EMI signals from some complicated objects can be approximated by those from spheroids with similar proportions, which is promising for applications requiring fast solutions, such as inversion processing. C1 Dartmouth Coll, Thayer Sch Engn, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. USA ERDC Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Sun, K (reprint author), Dartmouth Coll, Thayer Sch Engn, Cummings Hall,HB 8000, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM Keli.sun@dartmouth.edu NR 29 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU APPLIED COMPUTATIONAL ELECTROMAGNETICS SOC PI UNIVERSITY PA UNIV MISSISSIPPI, DEPT ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING, UNIVERSITY, MS 38677 USA SN 1054-4887 J9 APPL COMPUT ELECTROM JI Appl. Comput. Electromagn. Soc. J. PD NOV PY 2003 SI SI BP 97 EP 106 PN 1 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 806IJ UT WOS:000220427300014 ER PT J AU Alexander, TA Pellegrino, PM Gillespie, JB AF Alexander, TA Pellegrino, PM Gillespie, JB TI Near-infrared surface-enhanced-Raman-scattering-mediated detection of single optically trapped bacterial spores SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE optical tweezer; surface-enhanced Raman scattering; bacterial spore ID SPECTROSCOPY; PARTICLES; CELLS; MANIPULATION; DIPICOLINATE; COLLOIDS; TWEEZERS; SPECTRA; INVIVO AB A novel methodology has been developed for the investigation of bacterial spores. Specifically, this method has been used to probe the spore coat composition of two different Bacillus stearothermophilus variants. This technique may be useful in many applications; most notably, development of novel detection schemes toward potentially harmful bacteria. This method would also be useful as an ancillary environmental monitoring system where sterility is of importance (i.e., food preparation areas as well as invasive and minimally invasive medical applications). This unique detection scheme is based on the near-infrared (NIR) surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) from single, optically trapped, bacterial spores. The SERS spectra of bacterial spores in aqueous media have been measured using SERS substrates based on similar to60-nm-diameter gold colloids bound to 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane derivatized glass. The light from a 787-nm laser diode was used to trap and manipulate as well as simultaneously excite the SERS of an individual bacterial spore. The collected SERS spectra were examined for uniqueness and the applicability of this technique for the strain discrimination of Bacillus stearothermophilus spores. Comparison of normal Raman and SERS spectra reveals not only an enhancement of the normal Raman spectral features but also the appearance of spectral features absent in the normal Raman spectrum. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL SE EO, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP USA, Res Lab, AMSRL SE EO, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM talexander@arl.army.mil NR 29 TC 54 Z9 55 U1 5 U2 15 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0003-7028 EI 1943-3530 J9 APPL SPECTROSC JI Appl. Spectrosc. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 57 IS 11 BP 1340 EP 1345 DI 10.1366/000370203322554482 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy GA 761YM UT WOS:000187943100005 PM 14658146 ER PT J AU Doyle, RD Francis, MD Smart, RM AF Doyle, RD Francis, MD Smart, RM TI Interference competition between Ludwigia repens and Hygrophila polysperma: two morphologically similar aquatic plant species SO AQUATIC BOTANY LA English DT Article DE exotic macrophyte; competitive interference; invasive species; river ID GREENHOUSE; INVASION; HYDRILLA; DESIGNS; GROWTH; WATER AB The interference competition between Ludwigia repens and Hygrophila polysperma was investigated in a 12-week tank experiment. In monoculture, sprigs (stem fragments) of both species showed similar growth rate and growth form. However, the two species differed strongly in response to interference competition from the other species. In response to increasing interference, sprigs of H. polysperma produced plants that had fewer but longer and more highly branched stems. However, the relative growth rate (RGR) was not significantly affected by the interference and total biomass accumulation was the same regardless of interference level. In contrast, developing sprigs of L. repens were negatively affected by interference. L. rep ens sprigs facing interference competition grew more slowly and produced fewer and shorter stems and fewer branches per stem than those growing in monoculture. At the highest level of interference, L. repens sprigs produced only 5% of the total mass produced when grown alone. Furthermore, the continued growth of established L. repens plants was significantly affected by interference from H. polysperma sprigs. At the end of the experimental growth period, the biomass of established L. repens invaded by H. polysperma sprigs was only 57% of that of established L repens continuing to grow alone. Results of these experiments suggest that both species should effectively colonize unvegetated habitats. However, in an equal mixture of sprigs of the two species colonizing new habitats, H. polysperma will have advantage. Furthermore, established L. repens will be susceptible to invasion by H. polysperma while established H. polysperma is unlikely to be invaded by L. repens. The continued expansion of the exotic H. polysperma in North America is predicted. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ N Texas, Inst Appl Sci, Denton, TX 76203 USA. USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Lewisville Aquat Ecosyst Res Facil, Lewisville, TX 75056 USA. RP Doyle, RD (reprint author), Baylor Univ, Dept Biol, POB 97388, Waco, TX 76798 USA. NR 29 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3770 J9 AQUAT BOT JI Aquat. Bot. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 77 IS 3 BP 223 EP 234 DI 10.1016/S0304-3770(03)00104-9 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 735EX UT WOS:000186100400004 ER PT J AU Boole, JR Ramsey, M Petermann, G AF Boole, JR Ramsey, M Petermann, G TI Radiology quiz case - Grisel syndrome with vertebral osteomyelitis and spinal epidural abscess SO ARCHIVES OF OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD & NECK SURGERY LA English DT Article C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Boole, JR (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0886-4470 J9 ARCH OTOLARYNGOL JI Arch. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 129 IS 11 BP 1247 EP 1249 DI 10.1001/archotol.129.11.1247 PG 3 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA 744DA UT WOS:000186611600019 PM 14623760 ER PT J AU Radovancevic, B Eichstaedt, HC Tamez, D Patel, V Eya, K Nolden, LK Byler, D Cohen, D Frazier, OH AF Radovancevic, B Eichstaedt, HC Tamez, D Patel, V Eya, K Nolden, LK Byler, D Cohen, D Frazier, OH TI Prolonged controlled hemorrhagic shock in a swine model: Is there a role for mechanical circulatory assistance? SO ASAIO JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID MULTIPLE ORGAN FAILURE; UNCONTROLLED HEMORRHAGE; FLUID RESUSCITATION; TRAUMA; DEVICES; SYSTEM; HEART AB Outcomes of mechanical circulatory assistance during hemorrhagic shock were evaluated in a swine model. Pigs were bled to a mean arterial pressure of 35 mm Hg (group 1, n = 3) or 40 mm Hg (group 11, n = 5; group III, n = 5), maintained there for 30 minutes, and then resuscitated with fluids alone (groups I and 11) or fluids plus mechanical circulatory assistance (group 111). Mean blood loss was greater in group I than in groups 11 or III (1,037 +/- 212 vs. 862 +/- 387 ml vs. 681 +/- 117 ml, respectively; I vs. III, p < 0.05) and survival was shorter (230 +/- 25.5 min vs. 709 251 min vs. 662 428 min, respectively; I vs. 11 or III, p < 0.05). Cardiac arrhythmia caused death in most cases. Mean biochemical parameters increased progressively in all cases. Left anterior descending coronary artery flow stayed relatively constant in group 11 but increased in group Ill. Superior mesenteric artery flow returned to baseline in group 11 but increased in group III. Cardiac output was similar in groups 11 and Ill, but SGOT levels significantly differed (750 +/- 135 U/L vs. 359 +/- 157 U/L; p < 0.005). These results suggest that the swine model will be useful for studying ways to improve outcomes after prolonged hemorrhagic shock. C1 St Lukes Episcopal Hosp, Texas Heart Inst, Dept Cardiopulm Transplantat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. St Lukes Episcopal Hosp, Texas Heart Inst, Cardiovasc Res Labs, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Radovancevic, B (reprint author), St Lukes Episcopal Hosp, Texas Heart Inst, Dept Cardiopulm Transplantat, 1101 Bates St,MC 1-268, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 29 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1058-2916 J9 ASAIO J JI Asaio J. PD NOV-DEC PY 2003 VL 49 IS 6 BP 721 EP 726 DI 10.1097/01.MAT.0000093966.23324.00 PG 6 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Transplantation SC Engineering; Transplantation GA 746KK UT WOS:000186745400021 PM 14655742 ER PT J AU Rosenthal, MD McMillian, DJ AF Rosenthal, MD McMillian, DJ TI Hamstring-strain rehabilitation: A functional stepwise approach for return to sports, part I SO ATHLETIC THERAPY TODAY LA English DT Article C1 USN, Washington, DC 20350 USA. USA, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Rosenthal, MD (reprint author), USN, Washington, DC 20350 USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU HUMAN KINETICS PUBL INC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1607 N MARKET ST, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820-2200 USA SN 1078-7895 J9 ATHLET THER TODAY JI Athlet. Ther. Today PD NOV PY 2003 VL 8 IS 6 BP 34 EP 35 PG 2 WC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA 747TD UT WOS:000186820200010 ER PT J AU Caldwell, JA Caldwell, JL Darlington, KK AF Caldwell, JA Caldwell, JL Darlington, KK TI Utility of dextroamphetamine for attenuating the impact of sleep deprivation in pilots SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE dextroamphetamine; Dexedrine (R); fatigue; sleep-deprivation ID D-AMPHETAMINE; COGNITIVE PERFORMANCE; AVIATOR PERFORMANCE; DEXEDRINE(R); EFFICACY; FATIGUE; OPERATIONS; MODAFINIL; PLACEBO; DRUGS AB Introduction: Dextroamphetamine (Dexedrine(R)) is an effective fatigue countermeasure for use in military subject pilots who are deprived of sleep. Anecdotal reports have indicated Dexedrine (Dex) is effective in "real world" sustained operations, and controlled laboratory tests have yielded positive results as well. The aim of this study was to substantiate the efficacy of Dex for sustaining the alertness and performance of pilots during periods of sleep deprivation by showing the robust effects of the medication and its consistent effects across several research efforts. Methods: In the present report, selected data from several controlled aviation studies were reviewed and combined to corroborate the efficacy of Dex as a fatigue countermeasure. Results: The results showed Dex to be effective for maintaining flight skills, psychological mood, and physiological activation (measured via electroencephalograph data) in sleep-deprived pilots. The positive benefits of the medication were not offset by marked disruptions in recovery sleep, although some negative effects were observed (sleep was lighter for several hours following drug administration). Conclusions: Dex is a viable remedy for fatigue in aviation sustained operations. However, Dex is not a substitute for proper crew-rest scheduling because there is no replacement for adequate restful sleep. C1 USA, Aeromed Res Lab, Ft Rucker, AL USA. USAF, Res Lab, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. RP Caldwell, JA (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. NR 45 TC 28 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 3 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 74 IS 11 BP 1125 EP 1134 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 738TA UT WOS:000186302900001 PM 14620468 ER PT J AU Zhu, KM Davidson, NE Hunter, S Yang, XW Payne-Wilks, K Roland, CL Phillips, D Bentley, C Dai, M Williams, SM AF Zhu, KM Davidson, NE Hunter, S Yang, XW Payne-Wilks, K Roland, CL Phillips, D Bentley, C Dai, M Williams, SM TI Methyl-group dietary intake and risk of breast cancer among African-American women: a case-control study by methylation status of the estrogen receptor alpha genes SO CANCER CAUSES & CONTROL LA English DT Article DE African-American; alcohol; breast cancer; case-control study; diet; estrogen receptor alpha gene; methylation; methyl groups ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; DNA METHYLATION; COLON-CANCER; S-ADENOSYLMETHIONINE; DEFICIENT DIETS; UNITED-STATES; BLACK-WOMEN; FOOD GROUPS; EXPRESSION; CARCINOGENESIS AB Objectives: Recent molecular studies show that the absence of estrogen receptor (ER) a gene expression in breast cancer is associated with methylation of the CpG island located in the 5' region and the first exon of the ER a gene. Because CpG island methylation is an early event in carcinogenesis and because a methyl-deficient diet may lead to abnormal DNA methylation including CpG island methylation, we hypothesized that a methyl-deficient diet is more likely to be associated with breast cancer with methylated ER a gene CpG islands. This study aimed to test this hypothesis in African-American women using a case-control design. Methods: Cases were 304 African-American women pathologically diagnosed with breast cancer during 1995-1998 who lived in three Tennessee counties. Controls were 305 African-American women without breast cancer, who were selected through random-digit dialing and frequency matched to cases by 5-year age range and county of residence. Information on dietary intake and other risk factors was collected through telephone interviews. Dietary methyl-components were defined based on folate and methionine intakes and alcohol consumption. Tumor tissue samples were collected for measuring methylation status of the ER a gene. Results: Our results showed that the odds ratio (OR) estimates for lower dietary folate intake were 2.0 (95% confidence interval, CI: 0.8-4.8) for cases with a methylated ER a gene, 0.6 (95% CI: 0.3-1.5) for cases with an unmethylated ER a gene, and 1.6 (95% CI: 0.7-3.8) for cases with unknown methylation status (presumably including cases with both methylated and un-methylated genes). However, low methionine intake appeared more likely to be associated with tumors with unknown methylation status and high level of alcohol consumption seemed more likely to be related to tumors with un-methylated genes. Conclusions: These results did not show a pattern consistent with the study hypothesis that methyl-deficient diets are more likely related to breast cancer with a methylated ER gene. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, US Mil Canc Inst, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA. Meharry Med Coll, Nashville, TN 37208 USA. Penn State Univ, Coll Med, Hershey, PA 17033 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. RP Zhu, KM (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, US Mil Canc Inst, Bldg 1,Suite A-109,6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RI Williams, Scott/B-9491-2012 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA88843] NR 51 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 4 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0957-5243 J9 CANCER CAUSE CONTROL JI Cancer Causes Control PD NOV PY 2003 VL 14 IS 9 BP 827 EP 836 DI 10.1023/B:CACO.0000003823.97506.be PG 10 WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 744CA UT WOS:000186609300003 PM 14682440 ER PT J AU Furbert-Harris, PM Parish-Gause, D Hunter, KA Vaughn, TR Howland, C Okomo-Awich, J Forrest, K Laniyan, I Abdelnaby, A Oredipe, OA AF Furbert-Harris, PM Parish-Gause, D Hunter, KA Vaughn, TR Howland, C Okomo-Awich, J Forrest, K Laniyan, I Abdelnaby, A Oredipe, OA TI Activated eosinophils upregulate the metastasis suppressor molecule E-cadherin on prostate tumor cells SO CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the Research-Centers-in-Minority-Institutions CY DEC, 2002 CL UNIV HAWAII MANOA, HONOLULU, HAWAII SP Res Ctr Minor Inst HO UNIV HAWAII MANOA DE activated eosinophils; E-cadherin; interleukin-10; interleukin-12; ELAM-1; VCAM-1; ICAM-1; N-cadherin ID ALPHA-CATENIN EXPRESSION; ADHESION MOLECULES; CANCER-CELLS; IFN-GAMMA; MELANOMA-CELLS; CARCINOMA; GROWTH; PROGRESSION; CYTOKINES; INVASION AB Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) play an irnportant role in cancer metastasis by facilitating attachment to vascular endothelia, invasion and spread into secondary tissue sites. We have shown that activated eosinophils (EosA) inhibited the growth of prostate cancer (Pca) cells in vitro. In the present study, we examined the ability of EosA 24 hr conditioned supernatants (FosAcs) to modulate the expression of ICAM-1, VCAM-1, ELAM-1, E-cadherin and N-cadherin expression on human Pea cell lines, Du-145 and PC-3 by flow cytometry. TNF-alpha, IL-10 and IL-12 were also evaluated. ICAM-1, expressed on PC-3 and DU 145 cells, was enhanced by TNF-a and IL-10. ELAM-1 was present on DU 145 cells but absent on PC-3. TNF-alpha and IL-10 enhanced ELAM-1 on DU 145, but EosA 24 hr supernatants failed to do so. All three cytokines, namely IL-10, IL- 12 and TNF-alpha-induced ELAM-1 on PC-3 tumor cells. Although VCAM-I was absent on DU 145 and PC-3 cells, it was expressed on DU-145 cells after exposure to EosA: tumor cell co-cultures, and was expressed on PC-3 following exposure to IL-10 and IL-12. N-cadherin and E-cadherin were both expressed on DU-145. While N-cadherin was expressed on PC-3 cells, E-cadherin was not. N-cadherin was enhanced on DU-145 and PC-3 cells following exposure to EosA co-culture and upregulated on PC-3 by IL-10 and EosA 24 hr supernatants, but decreased by IL-12. E-cadherin was up-regulated on DU 145 cells following co-culture with EosA and was induced on PC-3 by IL-10 and IL-12, but not by EosA co-culture and 24 hr supernatants. In conclusion, inflammatory and non-inflammatory cytokines modulate CAM expression on Pca cells; EosA and EosA 24 hr supernatants also exerted modulatory activity of CAM expression. Most significantly, the metastasis suppressor molecule, E-cadherin was enhanced on DU 145 cells by EosA and induced on PC-3 by IL-10 and IL-12 both of which are produced by EosA. This suggests potential use of these cytokines in immunotherapeutic strategies for prostate cancer and its metastasis. C1 Howard Univ, Ctr Canc, Washington, DC 20060 USA. Howard Univ, Coll Med, Dept Pharmacol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Howard Univ, Coll Med, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Howard Univ, Coll Med, Dept Microbiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Anestheol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Furbert-Harris, PM (reprint author), Howard Univ, Ctr Canc, 2041 Georgia Av,NW 530, Washington, DC 20060 USA. NR 62 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU CELLULAR & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY PI NOISY-LE-GRAND PA PROF R WEGMANN RESIDENCE HAUSSMANN 1 AVENUE DU PAVE NEUF, 93160 NOISY-LE-GRAND, FRANCE SN 0145-5680 J9 CELL MOL BIOL JI Cell. Mol. Biol. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 49 IS 7 BP 1009 EP 1016 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 757VT UT WOS:000187582700004 PM 14682382 ER PT J AU Furbert-Harris, PM Hunter, KA Vaughn, TR Parish-Gause, D Laniyan, I Harris, D Okomo-Awich, J Forrest, K Oredipe, OA AF Furbert-Harris, PM Hunter, KA Vaughn, TR Parish-Gause, D Laniyan, I Harris, D Okomo-Awich, J Forrest, K Oredipe, OA TI Eosinophils in a tri-cell multicellular tumor spheroid (MTS)/endothelium complex SO CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the Research-Centers-in-Minority-Institutions CY DEC, 2002 CL UNIV HAWAII MANOA, HONOLULU, HAWAII SP Res Ctr Minor Inst HO UNIV HAWAII MANOA DE eosinophils; multicellular tumor spheroids (MTS); interleukin-5 ID LEUKOCYTE ADHESION MOLECULE-1; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; BREAST-CANCER; GRANZYME-B; E-SELECTIN; CARCINOMA CELLS; NITRIC-OXIDE; EXPRESSION; ACTIVATION; INTEGRINS AB Eosinophils have been found in infiltrates of many different cancers. it is still unclear as to whether they are passive bystanders in the cellular milieu or active cellular agents in host responses. Thus their harmful or helpful nature remains equivocal. We have developed an in vitro tri-cell model of eosinophils, MCF-7 breast tumor cell spheroids and HUVEC endothelial cells to examine the binding and association of eosinophils with both the tumor and the endothelia and the ensuing action of the tumor. Eosinophils bound very rapidly to the tumor spheroid and remained fightly bound throughout the 24 hr culture period. Histological staining of the tri-cell complex revealed highly granulated eosinophils as well as large amounts of degranulated protein diffused throughout the spheroid. IL-5 treatment of eosinophil: NITS complexes resulted in destruction of the tumor cells, particularly those which had grown out from the spheroid onto the endothelial cells. Eosinophils, pretreated with IL-5 before interaction with the tumor or endothelial cells, bound aggressively to the endothelial cells, thereby preventing tumor attachment. This eosinophil tri-cell tumor model system mimics clinical observations with regards to binding to epithelial and endothelial cells, dispersal of granular proteins throughout the tumor and also tumor destruction. Because it closely mirrors in vivo cellular interactions, it allows one to study more closely the mechanism(s) of eosinophil killing, the modulation of eosinophil activity and the testing of therapeutic interventions. The accommodation of the model to tumor invasion, using metastatic tumor cells and extracellular matrices such as matrigel, will help to elucidate a role for eosinophils (and their mediators) in cancer invasion and metastasis. C1 Howard Univ, Ctr Canc, Washington, DC 20060 USA. Howard Univ, Coll Med, Dept Pharmacol, Washington, DC 20060 USA. Howard Univ, Coll Med, Dept Microbiol, Washington, DC 20060 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Anesthesiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Furbert-Harris, PM (reprint author), Howard Univ, Ctr Canc, Washington, DC 20060 USA. NR 54 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU CELLULAR & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY PI NOISY-LE-GRAND PA PROF R WEGMANN RESIDENCE HAUSSMANN 1 AVENUE DU PAVE NEUF, 93160 NOISY-LE-GRAND, FRANCE SN 0145-5680 J9 CELL MOL BIOL JI Cell. Mol. Biol. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 49 IS 7 BP 1081 EP 1088 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 757VT UT WOS:000187582700012 PM 14682390 ER PT J AU Mao, JT Tashkin, DP Belloni, PN Baileyhealy, I Baratelli, F Roth, MD AF Mao, JT Tashkin, DP Belloni, PN Baileyhealy, I Baratelli, F Roth, MD TI All-trans retinoic acid modulates the balance of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 in patients with emphysema SO CHEST LA English DT Article DE all-trans retinoic acid; COPD; human alveolar macrophage; matrix metalloproteinase-9; tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 ID OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY-DISEASE; RAT LUNG FIBROBLASTS; ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES; EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX; CHRONIC-BRONCHITIS; BINDING PROTEINS; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; GENE-EXPRESSION; DEGRADATION; ELASTASE AB Study objective: The balance between proteases and antiproteases plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of emphysema. This study was designed to evaluate the impact of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) on the balance of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) in patients with emphysema. Design and setting: As part of a clinical study, ATRA was administered to 20 patients with emphysema for 12 weeks and evaluated for its effects on plasma levels of MMP-9 and TIMP-1. Plasma MMP-9 levels were also measured in a separate cohort of patients with emphysema and matched control subjects to evaluate the relationship of circulating enzyme levels to lung disease. To further investigate the effects of ATRA on protease activity within the lung microenvironment, alveolar macrophages (AM) recovered from the lungs of active smokers with COPD were cultured with ATRA in vitro. Measurements and results: Administration of ATRA to patients with emphysema produced a 45 +/- 14% reduction (meant +/- SEM) in plasma MMP-9 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and a similar reduction in MMP-9 enzyme activity, while having little effect on TIMP-1 levels. Baseline MMP-9 levels were higher in patients with emphysema compared to nonsmoking control subjects, suggesting a relationship between plasma levels and the presence of lung disease. In, vitro, concentrations of ATRA similar to those achieved in the plasma of study subjects significantly reduced both the production and enzyme activity of MMP-9 by AM. In the same experiments, TIMP-1 levels increased significantly, resulting in a marked reduction in the MMP-9/TIMP-1 molar ratio. Conclusion: We conclude that ATRA can modulate protease/antiprotease balance in a manner that may impact on disease pathogenesis. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. USA, Roche Biosci, Palo Alto, CA USA. RP Mao, JT (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, CHS 37-131, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. NR 41 TC 53 Z9 62 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD NOV PY 2003 VL 124 IS 5 BP 1724 EP 1732 DI 10.1378/chest.124.5.1724 PG 9 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 743UH UT WOS:000186591600020 PM 14605041 ER PT J AU Whelton, AJ Jensen, JL Richards, TE Valdivia, RM AF Whelton, AJ Jensen, JL Richards, TE Valdivia, RM TI The cyanic threat SO CIVIL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article AB In the past terrorists have attempted to contaminate drinking water supplies in the United States with cyanide-one of the most lethal poisons known to man. So far they have been unsuccessful. But in this time of heightened vigilance, environmental engineers should be well versed in the threat posed by cyanide-and the ways to combat the deadly toxin. C1 USACHPPM, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. USA, Soldier Biol Chem Commands Joint Serv, Agent Water Monitoring Program, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Whelton, AJ (reprint author), USACHPPM, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0885-7024 J9 CIVIL ENG JI Civil Eng. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 73 IS 11 BP 50 EP + PG 7 WC Engineering, Civil SC Engineering GA 754PV UT WOS:000187327200020 ER PT J AU Saikh, KU Dyas, B Kissner, T Ulrich, RG AF Saikh, KU Dyas, B Kissner, T Ulrich, RG TI CD56(+)-T-cell responses to bacterial superantigens and immune recognition of attenuated vaccines SO CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC LABORATORY IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID T-CELL-RECEPTOR; STAPHYLOCOCCAL-ENTEROTOXIN-A; ALPHA-CHAIN; NKT CELLS; CYTOKINE SECRETION; CUTTING EDGE; TCR-ALPHA; NATURAL T; HLA-E; EXPRESSION AB Natural killer T (NKT) cells, coexpressing natural killer (NK) and T-cell receptors (TCR), are associated with immunity to viruses, tumors, and parasites. A well -characterized subclass of these NKT cells expresses biased TCR and recognizes glycolipids such as alpha-galactoceramide, which is found naturally only in marine sponges and presented by the cell surface glycoprotein CD1d. However, a larger number of T cells present in human blood coexpress the NK marker CD56 and unbiased TCR and do not appear to require CD1 for antigen presentation. Observing high frequencies of CD4 and CD8 coreceptor expression in human CD56(+) T cells, we examined the potential role of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules in the activation of these cells. Activation of mononuclear cells with bacterial superantigens presented by MHC class II molecules resulted in increased frequency of CD56(+) T cells. Primarily, CD4(+) cells within the CD56(+)-T-cell population responded to the bacterial superantigens, and cytokine expression profiles were Th1-like. Further, increased levels of T cells expressing CD56 were observed in mononuclear cell cultures responding to a Staphylococcus aureus vaccine or tetanus toxoid. Collectively, our data suggest that 1 significant number of CD56(+) T cells recognize pathogen-associated ligands in association with MHC class II molecules. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Lab Mol Immunol, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Saikh, KU (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Lab Mol Immunol, 1425 Porter St, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. NR 33 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1071-412X J9 CLIN DIAGN LAB IMMUN JI Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 10 IS 6 BP 1065 EP 1073 DI 10.1128/CDLI.10.6.1065-1073.2003 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 745PX UT WOS:000186698000014 PM 14607868 ER PT J AU Carlson, CL Hartman, R Ly, JQ Beall, DP AF Carlson, CL Hartman, R Ly, JQ Beall, DP TI Primary leptomeningeal lymphoma of the lumbar spine SO CLINICAL IMAGING LA English DT Article DE spine; lymphoma; meninges; leptomeningeal neoplasms; MR imaging ID CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; T-CELL LYMPHOMA; DIAGNOSIS; CHILD; METASTASES; PATIENT; MR AB This report describes primary leptomeningeal lymphoma (PLML) of the spine in a 58-year-old female. LML is rare, especially in the immunocompetent, and it is almost always secondary in origin. To our knowledge, there have been very few cases of PLML of the lumbar spine reported in the literature and even fewer reports using recent MR imaging (MRI) technology to aid with diagnosis. MRI is useful in differentiating CNS lesions and may be helpful in the diagnosis of this extremely rare primary lymphoma. PLML is briefly reviewed. (C) 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. Mayo Clin, Dept Radiol, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Ly, JQ (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, 2200 Bergquist Dr,Suite 1, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. NR 23 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0899-7071 J9 CLIN IMAG JI Clin. Imaging PD NOV-DEC PY 2003 VL 27 IS 6 BP 389 EP 393 DI 10.1016/S0899-7071(03)00005-6 PG 5 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 744KE UT WOS:000186627500005 PM 14585565 ER PT J AU Svendsen, IA Qin, W Ebersole, BA AF Svendsen, IA Qin, W Ebersole, BA TI Modelling waves and currents at the LSTF and other laboratory facilities SO COASTAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE model-data comparison; wave modelling; surf zone waves; sinusoidal waves; cnoidal waves; 3-D wave generated currents ID SURF-ZONE; LONGSHORE CURRENTS; BREAKING; UNDERTOW; WATER AB The main objective of the paper is to use the detailed measurements of wave and current motions in the Large-scale Sediment Transport Facility (LSTF) at the Coastal and Hydraulics Laboratory (CHL), ERDC, Vicksburg, to compare with model simulations and particularly to investigate the accuracy of two wave models used for driving nearshore circulation computations. The major questions asked are how accurate are the models? And how do the inevitable inaccuracies in the prediction of the wave quantities influence the current predictions? The LSTF is one of a few large-scale facilities around the world designed to accurately reproduce the 2-D horizontal flow and sediment conditions in the nearshore region of a littoral coast. The measurements include all relevant wave data such as wave heights, setup variations, 2-D current distributions across the basin, and a detailed cross-shore array of measurements of the 3-D current structures. The two wave model formulations used for the comparisons are versions of the kinematic wave model, one using sinusoidal the other using non-sinusoidal wave shapes both before and after wave breaking, as wave drivers in the quasi-3-D model SHORECIRC (SC). The comparisons with the measurements are aimed at providing an overall picture of both the flow conditions and the model performance. The discussions provide insight into the mechanisms behind the complex nearshore dynamics and demonstrate the strengths and weaknesses of the two methods in a comprehensive comparison of available wave and current data. The comparisons also reveal that an essential requirement for a wave driver is its capability to represent the phase motion of the wave and its capability to correctly predict the phase speed of waves. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Delaware, Ctr Appl Coastal Res, Dept Civil Engn, Coll Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. Noble Consultants Inc, Irvine, CA 92612 USA. USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Univ Delaware, Ctr Appl Coastal Res, Dept Civil Engn, Coll Engn, 137 DuPont Hall, Newark, DE 19716 USA. EM ias@coastal.udel.edu; wqin@nobleconsultants.com; ebersob@wes.army.mil NR 46 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-3839 EI 1872-7379 J9 COAST ENG JI Coast. Eng. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 50 IS 1-2 BP 19 EP 45 DI 10.1016/S0378-3839(03)00077-2 PG 27 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean SC Engineering GA 748GV UT WOS:000186854900002 ER PT J AU Webb, RE Leslie, DM Lochmiller, RL Masters, RE AF Webb, RE Leslie, DM Lochmiller, RL Masters, RE TI Immune function and hematology of male cotton rats (Sigmodon hispidus) in response to food supplementation and methionine SO COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY A-MOLECULAR & INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE dietary protein; dietary quality; hematology; hispid cotton rat; immunocompetence; methionine; Oklahoma; supplementation.; Sigmodon hispidus ID CELL-MEDIATED-IMMUNITY; AMINO-ACID-COMPOSITION; WHITE-TAILED DEER; NUTRITIONAL-REQUIREMENTS; MICROTUS-OCHROGASTER; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; COLINUS-VIRGINIANUS; DIETARY-PROTEIN; PRAIRIE VOLE; VALUES AB We examined effects of supplementation of food quantity and quality (=enhanced methionine) on hematologic and immunologic parameters of wild, but enclosed, adult male cotton rats (Sigmodon hispidus) in north-central Oklahoma. Sheet metal enclosures were stocked with a high density of wild-caught cotton rats (160 animals/ha) and randomly assigned a treatment of no supplementation, mixed-ration supplementation or methionine-enhanced supplementation. Aside from small increases in counts of red blood cells and hematocrit levels, most indices of erythrocytic characteristics were not affected by supplementation with the mixed-ration or enhanced methionine. In contrast, platelet counts were highest in mixed-ration and methionine treatments and counts of total white blood cells were highest with methionine supplementation, albeit relative proportions of different leukocytes did not differ among treatments. Immunologically, neither delayed-type hypersensitivity response nor hemolytic-complement activity differed among treatments. Supplementation of food quantity and quality did not broadly affect hematologic parameters and immune function of male cotton rats, but enhanced platelet and leukocyte counts may confer advantages to overall health. Clarification of the role of such effects on population limitation or regulation requires additional research. (C) 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Zool, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. Oklahoma State Univ, Oklahoma Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Forestry, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. RP Webb, RE (reprint author), USA, Field Artillery Ctr, ATZR TRL, Bldg 2583,Currie Rd, Ft Sill, OK 73503 USA. NR 97 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1095-6433 J9 COMP BIOCHEM PHYS A JI Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A-Mol. Integr. Physiol. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 136 IS 3 BP 577 EP 589 DI 10.1016/S1095-6433(03)00209-5 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Physiology; Zoology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Physiology; Zoology GA 748MT UT WOS:000186866200009 PM 14613786 ER PT J AU Pierson, JC AF Pierson, JC TI The current status of US Army Dermatology SO CUTIS LA English DT Article C1 USA, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Pierson, JC (reprint author), USA, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU QUADRANT HEALTHCOM INC PI CHATHAM PA 26 MAIN ST, STE A, CHATHAM, NJ 07928-2402 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD NOV PY 2003 VL 72 IS 5 BP 365 EP 365 PG 1 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 746LK UT WOS:000186747700005 PM 14655775 ER PT J AU Delgado, AV Alexander, SL McManus, AT Pusateri, AE AF Delgado, AV Alexander, SL McManus, AT Pusateri, AE TI Antibodies against human cell receptors, CD36, CD41a, and CD62P crossreact with porcine platelets SO CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY LA English DT Article DE platelet; antibody; human; swine ID P-SELECTIN; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; ACTIVATION; GLYCOPROTEIN; ME491 AB Background: A limitation in platelet study has been the availability of platelet function-specific membrane receptor antibodies for use in the various animal species that are currently used in the study of hemostasis and other phenomena. Methods: Platelets were isolated from human and porcine blood. Resting and activated platelets were incubated with antibodies against the human cell surface receptors CD36 (clone CB38), CD41a (clone HIP8), CD62P (clone AK4), and CD63 (clone H5C6). Antibody titration and ligand blocking studies also were performed. Results: Binding of anti-CD41a and anti-CD62P were similar for human and porcine platelets in percentage of platelets labeled and in number of receptors per cell. Binding of anti-CD36 was similar between species, with fewer receptors present in porcine cells. Anti-CD63 and anti-CD107a did not bind specifically to porcine platelets. Conclusion: The anti-CD36, anti-CD41a, and anti-CD62P antibodies studied crossreact with porcine platelets and will be useful in the investigation of platelet function in porcine models. Cytometry Part B (Clin. Cytometry) 56B:62-67, 2003. Published 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Lab Support Branch, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. USA, Inst Surg Res, Div Labs, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Delgado, AV (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, Lab Support Branch, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 17 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0196-4763 J9 CYTOM PART B-CLIN CY JI Cytom. Part B-Clin. Cytom. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 56B IS 1 BP 62 EP 67 DI 10.1002/cyto.b.10042 PG 6 WC Medical Laboratory Technology; Pathology SC Medical Laboratory Technology; Pathology GA 744KF UT WOS:000186627600008 PM 14582138 ER PT J AU Polonsky, WH Earles, J Smith, S Pease, DJ Macmillan, M Christensen, R Taylor, T Dickert, J Jackson, RA AF Polonsky, WH Earles, J Smith, S Pease, DJ Macmillan, M Christensen, R Taylor, T Dickert, J Jackson, RA TI Integrating medical management with diabetes self-management training - A randomized control trial of the Diabetes Outpatient Intensive Treatment program SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Article ID MICROVASCULAR COMPLICATIONS; BLOOD-PRESSURE; MELLITUS; THERAPY; RISK AB OBJECTIVE - This study evaluated, the Diabetes Outpatient Intensive Treatment (DOIT) program, a multiday group education and skills training experience combined with daily medical. management, followed by case management over 6 months. Using a randomized control design, the study explored how DOIT affected glycemic control and self-care behaviors over a short term. The impact of two additional factors on clinical outcomes were also examined (frequency of case management contacts and whether or not insulin was started during the program). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - Patients with type I and type 2 diabetes in poor glycemic control (Alc >8.5%) were randomly assigned to DOIT or a second condition, entitled EDUPOST, which was standard diabetes care with the addition of quarterly educational mailings. A total of 167 patients (78 EDUPOST, 89 DOIT). completed all baseline measures, including Alc and a questionnaire assessing diabetes-related self-care behaviors. At 6 months, 117 patients (52 EDUPOST, 65 DOIT) returned to complete a follow-up Alc and the identical self-care questionnaire. RESULTS- At follow-up, DOIT evidenced a significantly greater drop in Alc than EDUPOST. DOIT patients also reported significantly more frequent blood glucose monitoring and greater attention to carbohydrate and fat contents (ACFC) of food compared with EDUPOST patients. An increase in ACFC over the 6-month period was associated with improved glycemic control among DOIT patients. Also, the frequency of nurse case manager follow-up contacts was positively linked to better Alc outcomes. The addition of insulin did not appear to be a significant contributor to glycemic change. CONCLUSIONS - DOIT appears to be effective in promoting better diabetes care and positively influencing glycemia and diabetes-related self-care behaviors. However, it demands significant time, commitment, and careful coordination with many health care professionals. The role of the nurse case manager in providing ongoing follow-up contact seems important. C1 Joslin Diabet Ctr, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Psychiat, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Pearl Harbor Naval Med Clin, Honolulu, HI USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Jackson, RA (reprint author), Joslin Diabet Ctr, 1 Joslin Pl, Boston, MA 02215 USA. NR 11 TC 73 Z9 73 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1701 N BEAUREGARD ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22311-1717 USA SN 0149-5992 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD NOV PY 2003 VL 26 IS 11 BP 3048 EP 3053 DI 10.2337/diacare.26.11.3048 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 738CL UT WOS:000186269100013 PM 14578238 ER PT J AU Overberg, ME Baik, KH Thaler, GT Abernathy, CR Pearton, SJ Kelly, J Rairigh, R Hebard, AF Tang, W Stavola, M Zavada, JM AF Overberg, ME Baik, KH Thaler, GT Abernathy, CR Pearton, SJ Kelly, J Rairigh, R Hebard, AF Tang, W Stavola, M Zavada, JM TI Hydrogenation effects on magnetic properties of GaMnP SO ELECTROCHEMICAL AND SOLID STATE LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ROOM-TEMPERATURE FERROMAGNETISM; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; SEMICONDUCTORS; SPINTRONICS; GAN; ZNO; CR AB Carbon-doped (p similar to 10(19) cm(-3)) GaMnP with similar to5 atom % Mn grown by gas-source molecular beam epitaxy showed ferromagnetism to <50 K in the as-grown state. After exposure to a H-2 plasma for 3 h at 250&DEG;C, the apparent Curie temperature was increased to &SIM;230 K. A plausible mechanism for this improvement in magnetic properties is hydrogen passivation of some of the carbon acceptors and also defects in the epi layer that trap free carriers or promote antiferromagnetic coupling. The results reinforce the notion that crystal defects degrade the magnetic properties of III-V ferromagnetic semiconductors. (C) 2003 The Electrochemical Society. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Phys, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Lehigh Univ, Dept Phys, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Abernathy, CR (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 25 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 1099-0062 J9 ELECTROCHEM SOLID ST JI Electrochem. Solid State Lett. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 6 IS 11 BP G131 EP G133 DI 10.1149/1.1612725 PG 3 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA 728FC UT WOS:000185705200017 ER PT J AU Hossain, MA Khatun, M Arjumand, F Nisaluk, A Breiman, RF AF Hossain, MA Khatun, M Arjumand, F Nisaluk, A Breiman, RF TI Serologic evidence of dengue infection before onset of epidemic, Bangladesh SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; CAPTURE ELISA; TYPHOID-FEVER; DIAGNOSIS AB Dengue fever emerged in Bangladesh in 2000. We tested 225 serum samples from febrile patients and 184 blood donors in 1996 and 1997 for dengue antibodies; 55 (24.4%) febrile patients had dengue antibodies (65.5% with secondary infection pattern), compared with one (0.54%) donor (p < 0.001), suggesting that dengue transmission was ongoing well before 1996. C1 ICDDR B, Clin Lab Serv Program, Ctr Hlth & Populat Res, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. RP Hossain, MA (reprint author), ICDDR B, Clin Lab Serv Program, Ctr Hlth & Populat Res, B GP Box 120, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. EM anowar@icddrb.org NR 15 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD NOV PY 2003 VL 9 IS 11 BP 1411 EP 1414 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 740CV UT WOS:000186384400009 PM 14718084 ER PT J AU Moo-Young, H Myers, T Tardy, B Ledbetter, R Vanadit-Ellis, W Kim, TH AF Moo-Young, H Myers, T Tardy, B Ledbetter, R Vanadit-Ellis, W Kim, TH TI Centrifuge simulation of the consolidation characteristics of capped marine sediment beds SO ENGINEERING GEOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd British-Geotechnical-Society Geoenvironemntal Engineering Conference CY SEP 19, 2001 CL EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND SP British Geotech Soc DE sediment; capping; centrifuge; consolidation; advection; settlement ID NON-LINEAR CONSOLIDATION; DIFFUSION ADSORPTION; HOMOGENEOUS LAYERS; SATURATED CLAYS; CAPPING LAYER; EFFICIENCY AB Marine sediment capping is a technique where clean sand or sediment is placed over contaminated sediment to reduce the migration of contaminants to the environment. Environmental regulations have limited the use of in situ sediment capping due to concerns about the contaminant migration through the cap. A series of centrifuge tests were conducted to simulate the effects of consolidation settlement of capped marine sediment. This study describes the testing and monitoring of the centrifuge tests. The results from the centrifuge tests are interpreted and compared to predictions made by the PSDDF computer program, which can qualitatively estimate the consolidation settlement of capped marine sediment. Centrifuge tests were utilized to predict the consolidation of marine sediment caused by the placement of a capping layer. The centrifuge tests used the modeling of models technique to verify that correct modeling procedures were utilized. In this study, the maximum deviation between the centrifuge test results and PSDDF prediction was 20%. Thus, designers should utilize PSDDF consolidation settlement results with caution. Dye tracer studies showed the importance of consolidation-induced advective transport of contaminants. Thus, the capping layer must be appropriately designed to reduce the effects of consolidation-induced advective transport. This may be accomplished by adding a reactive barrier or geosynthetic barrier layer to the cap design. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Lehigh Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. Waterways Expt Stn, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Waterways Expt Stn, Geotech Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Moo-Young, H (reprint author), Lehigh Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. NR 24 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0013-7952 J9 ENG GEOL JI Eng. Geol. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 70 IS 3-4 BP 249 EP 258 DI 10.1016/S0013-7952(03)00093-0 PG 10 WC Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA 741XQ UT WOS:000186486000005 ER PT J AU Jepsen, R Langford, R Roberts, J Gailani, J AF Jepsen, R Langford, R Roberts, J Gailani, J TI Effects of arroyo sediment influxes on the Rio Grande River channel near El Paso, Texas SO ENVIRONMENTAL & ENGINEERING GEOSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Sediments; erosion; arroyos; flood; Rio Grande River ID EROSION AB Arroyos that flow into the Rio Grande River channel along the U.S.-Mexico border provide intermittent influxes of sediment that may obstruct the channel and cause overflow as well as sedimentation problems downstream. These phenomena were studied using a recently developed, unique, in situ method for measuring the erosion properties of sediments with depth and at high shear stresses. Results of the investigation confirm that the arroyo sediments can affect the channel of the Rio Grande by introducing sediments that are more difficult to erode compared to those already present. Two sites were mapped and characterized in terms of vegetation and soil distribution. Sediment samples were collected, and erosion rates, mineralogy, and sediment grain-size distributions were determined. Results showed that large flows in both arroyos were capable of obstructing the Rio Grande channel by introducing sediments that were more difficult to erode than the existing channel sediments. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 88220 USA. Univ Texas, Dept Geol Sci, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Jepsen, R (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, 4100 Natl Parks Highway, Albuquerque, NM 88220 USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASSOC ENGINEERING GEOLOGISTS GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY AMER PI DENVER PA 720 S COLORADO BLVD, STE 960-S, DENVER, CO 80246 USA SN 1078-7275 J9 ENVIRON ENG GEOSCI JI Environ. Eng. Geosci. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 9 IS 4 BP 305 EP 312 DI 10.2113/9.4.305 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA 758LF UT WOS:000187635300002 ER PT J AU Saxena, A Fedorko, JM Vinayaka, CR Medhekar, R Radic, Z Taylor, P Lockridge, O Doctor, BP AF Saxena, A Fedorko, JM Vinayaka, CR Medhekar, R Radic, Z Taylor, P Lockridge, O Doctor, BP TI Aromatic amino-acid residues at the active and peripheral anionic sites control the binding of E2020 (Aricept (R)) to cholinesterases SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE acetylcholinesterase; butyrylcholinesterase; E2020; site-directed mutagenesis; molecular modeling ID INDANONE BENZYLPIPERIDINE INHIBITORS; HUMAN BUTYRYLCHOLINESTERASE; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; SENILE DEMENTIA; HYDROCHLORIDE E2020; DOUBLE-BLIND; ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE; DONEPEZIL; SPECIFICITY; DERIVATIVES AB E2020 (R,S)-1-benzyl-4-[(5,6-dimethoxy-1-indanon)-2-yl]methyl)piperidine hydrochloride is a piperidine-based acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor that was approved for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease in the United States. Structure-activity studies of this class of inhibitors have indicated that both the benzoyl containing functionality and the N-benzylpiperidine moiety are the key features for binding and inhibition of AChE. In the present study, the interaction of E2020 with cholinesterases (ChEs) with known sequence differences, was examined in more detail by measuring the inhibition constants with Torpedo AChE, fetal bovine serum AChE, human butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and equine BChE. The basis for particular residues conferring selectivity was then confirmed by using site-specific mutants of the implicated residue in two template enzymes. Differences in the reactivity of E2020 toward AChE and BChE (200- to 400-fold) show that residues at the peripheral anionic site such as Asp74(72), Tyr72(70), Tyr124(121), and Trp286(279) in mammalian AChE may be important in the binding of E2020 to AChE. Site-directed mutagenesis studies using mouse AChE showed that these residues contribute to the stabilization energy for the AChE-E2020 complex. However, replacement of Ala277(Trp279) with Trp in human BChE does not affect the binding of E2020 to BChE. Molecular modeling studies suggest that E2020 interacts with the active-site and the peripheral anionic site in AChE, but in the case of BChE, as the gorge is larger, E2020 cannot simultaneously interact at both sites. The observation that the K-I value for mutant AChE in which Ala replaced Trp286 is similar to that for wild-type BChE, further confirms our hypothesis. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Biochem, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Nebraska, Med Ctr, Eppley Canc Inst, Omaha, NE 68198 USA. RP Saxena, A (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Biochem, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 37 TC 43 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 3 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0014-2956 J9 EUR J BIOCHEM JI Eur. J. Biochem. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 270 IS 22 BP 4447 EP 4458 DI 10.1046/j.1432-1033.2003.03837.x PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 737XW UT WOS:000186258500006 PM 14622273 ER PT J AU See, W Iversen, P Wirth, M McLeod, D Garside, L Morris, T AF See, W Iversen, P Wirth, M McLeod, D Garside, L Morris, T TI Immediate treatment with bicalutamide 150 mg as adjuvant therapy significantly reduces the risk of PSA progression in early prostate cancer SO EUROPEAN UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE bicalutamide; hormone therapy; prostate-specific antigen progression; localised; locally advanced; prostate cancer ID RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY; STANDARD CARE; ANTIGEN; PROGRAM AB Objective: To evaluate the effect of bicalutamide ('Casodex'(1)) 150 mg (in addition to standard care), on the risk of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) progression, in patients with early prostate cancer. Methods: The bicalutamide 150 mg Early Prostate Cancer (EPC) programme is the largest clinical trial programme in the treatment of prostate cancer to date. This paper reports the PSA progression data from the EPC programme at a median of 3 years' follow-up, for the overall study population, and across the radical prostatectomy and radiotherapy primary therapy strategies. PSA progression was predefined as the earliest occurrence of PSA doubling from baseline, objective progression, or death from any cause. Result: Overall, bicalutamide 150 mg in addition to standard care significantly reduced the risk of PSA progression by 59% compared with standard care alone (HR 0.41; 95 % C1 0.38, 0.45; p much less than 0.0001). Significant reductions were observed following radical prostatectomy (51%; HR 0.49; 95% CI 0.43, 0.56; p much less than 0.0001) and radiotherapy (58%; HR 0.42; 95% CI 0.33, 0.53; p much less than 0.0001). Further exploration of the data by disease stage, nodal status, Gleason score and pre-treatment PSA level revealed significant reductions in the risk of PSA progression across most prognostic risk factor subgroups. Conclusions: Bicalutamide 150 mg significantly reduces patients received radical prostatectomy or radiotherapy as further progression and survival data are awaited. (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Med Coll Wisconsin, Froedtert Mem Lutheran Hosp, Div Urol, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. Rigshosp, Dept Urol, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. Tech Univ Dresden, Dept Urol, D-8027 Dresden, Germany. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. AstraZeneca, Macclesfield, Cheshire, England. RP See, W (reprint author), Med Coll Wisconsin, Froedtert Mem Lutheran Hosp, Div Urol, 9200 W Wisconsin Ave, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. NR 19 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0302-2838 J9 EUR UROL JI Eur. Urol. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 44 IS 5 BP 512 EP 517 DI 10.1016/S0302-2838(03)00366-X PG 6 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 738DE UT WOS:000186270800002 PM 14572747 ER PT J AU Williams, AJ Ling, G Berti, R Moffett, JR Yao, C Lu, XM Dave, JR Tortella, FC AF Williams, AJ Ling, G Berti, R Moffett, JR Yao, C Lu, XM Dave, JR Tortella, FC TI Treatment with the snail peptide CGX-1007 reduces DNA damage and alters gene expression of c-fos and bcl-2 following focal ischemic brain injury in rats SO EXPERIMENTAL BRAIN RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE MCAO; stroke; c-fos; bcl-2; brain; ischemia; Conantokin-G ID CEREBRAL-ARTERY OCCLUSION; IMMEDIATE-EARLY GENES; MESSENGER-RNA; CONANTOKIN-G; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; BAX TRANSLOCATION; NEURONAL DEATH; CELL-DEATH; IN-VITRO; APOPTOSIS AB Delayed cell death following ischemic brain injury has been linked to alterations in gene expression. In this study we have evaluated the upregulation of several genes associated with delayed cell death (c-fos, bax, and bcl-2) during the initial 24 h of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) in the rat and the effects of postinjury treatment with the NR2B subunit specific NMDA receptor antagonist CGX-1007 (Conantokin-G, Con-G). C-fos mRNA levels peaked at 1 h postinjury in both cortical and subcortical ischemic brain regions (30-fold increase), remained elevated at 4 h and returned to within normal, preinjury levels 24 h postinjury. The increase in mRNA levels correlated to increased protein expression in the entire ipsilateral hemisphere at 1 h. Regions of necrosis at 4 h were void of C-Fos immunoreactivity with continued upregulation in surrounding regions. At 24 h, loss of C-Fos staining was observed in the injured hemisphere except for sustained increases along the border of the infarct and in the cingulate cortex of vehicle treated rats. CGX-1007 treatment reduced c-fos expression throughout the infarct region by up to 50%. No significant differences were measured in either bcl-2 or bax mRNA expression between treatment groups. However, at 24 h postinjury CGX-1007 treatment was associated with an increase in Bcl-2 immunoreactivity that correlated to a reduction in DNA fragmentation. In conclusion, CGX-1007 effectively attenuated gene expression associated with delayed cell death as related to a neuroprotective relief of cerebral ischemia. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, Dept Neuropharmacol & Mol Biol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Williams, AJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, Dept Neuropharmacol & Mol Biol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 45 TC 17 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0014-4819 J9 EXP BRAIN RES JI Exp. Brain Res. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 153 IS 1 BP 16 EP 26 DI 10.1007/s00221-003-1566-6 PG 11 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 741NL UT WOS:000186464100003 PM 12955387 ER PT J AU Arcone, SA Peapples, PR Liu, LB AF Arcone, SA Peapples, PR Liu, LB TI Propagation of a ground-penetrating radar (GPR) pulse in a thin-surface waveguide SO GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Article AB Field observations are tested against modal propagation theory to find the practical limitations upon derivation of layer permittivities and signal attenuation rates from a radar moveout profile over two-layer ground. A 65-MHz GPR pulse was transmitted into a 30-60-cm-thick surface waveguide of wet, organic silty to gravelly soil overlying a drier refracting layer of sand and gravel. Reflection profiles, trench stratigraphy, resistivity measurements, and sediment analysis were used to quantify the propagation medium and possible attenuation mechanisms. Highly dispersive modal propagation occurred within the waveguide through 35 m of observation. The fastest phase velocity occurred at the waveguide cutoff frequency of 30 MHz, which was well received by 100-MHz antennas. This speed provides the refractive index of the lower layer, so the near-cutoff frequencies must match a lower layer refraction. A slower, lower frequency phase of the dispersed pulse occurred at about 60-70 MHz, with an average attenuation rate of about 0.4 dB/m. Similar events appear to have reflected back and forth along the waveguide. Modal theory for the average layer thickness shows all primary events to be different aspects of a TE1 mode, predicts the correct 30-70-MHz phase speeds and low-frequency cutoff phenomenon, but also predicts that the 60-70-MHz group speed should be slightly lower than observed. An Airy phase was apparently out of the bandwidth. Two-dimensional finite-difference time-domain modeling qualitatively simulates the main field results. After accounting for an inverse dependency of amplitude on the square of the range, the high resistivity of the surface layer accounts for the 0.4-dB/m attenuation rate for the 60-70-MHz phase of the pulse. However, erratic amplitudes, interface roughness, and the reflected packets indicate scattering. We conclude that permittivities can be well estimated from dispersive moveout profiles given an average surface layer thickness, and the wide bandwidth of GPR antennas allows the full dispersion to be seen. Attenuation rates appear to be derivable from the higher frequency part of our dispersive event, for which attenuation might be least affected by the waveguide dispersion. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Arcone, SA (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM steven.a.arcone@eroc.usace.army.mil; paige_peapples@dnr.state.ak.us; lanbo.liu@uconn.edu NR 20 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 1 U2 3 PU SOC EXPLORATION GEOPHYSICISTS PI TULSA PA 8801 S YALE ST, TULSA, OK 74137 USA SN 0016-8033 J9 GEOPHYSICS JI Geophysics PD NOV-DEC PY 2003 VL 68 IS 6 BP 1922 EP 1933 DI 10.1190/1.1635046 PG 12 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 812JT UT WOS:000220836500016 ER PT J AU Morales, DK Geary, S AF Morales, DK Geary, S TI Speed kills: Supply chain lessons from the war in Iraq SO HARVARD BUSINESS REVIEW LA English DT Article AB The battle plan for Operation Iraqi Freedom called for a rapid, responsive force capable of identifying and removing threats immediately. Commercial supply chains may draw some lessons from the government's groundbreaking efforts to accommodate its soldiers in the field. C1 USA, Def Logist & Mat Readiness, Washington, DC USA. RP Morales, DK (reprint author), USA, Def Logist & Mat Readiness, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU HARVARD BUSINESS SCHOOL PUBLISHING CORPORATION PI WATERTOWN PA 300 NORTH BEACON STREET, WATERTOWN, MA 02472 USA SN 0017-8012 J9 HARVARD BUS REV JI Harv. Bus. Rev. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 81 IS 11 BP 16 EP + PG 3 WC Business; Management SC Business & Economics GA 736HW UT WOS:000186166200002 ER PT J AU Campbell, WW Sartori, RJ AF Campbell, WW Sartori, RJ TI Nummular erythema in a patient with chronic daily headache SO HEADACHE LA English DT Article C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Campbell, WW (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0017-8748 J9 HEADACHE JI Headache PD NOV PY 2003 VL 43 IS 10 BP 1112 EP 1112 DI 10.1046/j.1526-4610.2003.03215.x PG 1 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 746NF UT WOS:000186751900014 PM 14629249 ER PT J AU Lund, BJ Zwick, H Lund, DJ Stuck, BE AF Lund, BJ Zwick, H Lund, DJ Stuck, BE TI Effect of source intensity on ability to fixate: Implications for laser safety SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE lasers; safety standards; radiation, nonionizing; radiation protection ID RETINAL IMAGE; MOTION AB During long-term viewing of a continuous light source, head and eye movements affect the distribution of energy deposited in the retina. Previous studies of eye movements during a fixation task provided data used for revising the safety limits for long-term viewing of such sources. These studies have been continued to determine the effect of source brightness on the nature of fixational eye movements. Volunteers fixated for 50 s on a HeNe laser (lambda = 632.8 nm) masked by a small aperture to produce a target subtending similar to0.03 mrad in the visual field. The source was attenuated to yield corneal irradiance values in the range 0.6 pW cm(-2) to 6 muW cm-2. Eye movements were recorded using a Dual Purkinje Image Eyetracker. The data were characterized by fixation ellipses that represent areas of the retina in which the image of the spot was located 68% of the time of each trial. Significant variation across subjects in the tightness of fixation was observed. Over the eight orders of magnitude of source brightness used in this experiment (10(-13) to 10(-6) W cm(-2)), no subject showed more than roughly a factor of two variation in the area of the fixation ellipse. No statistically significant trend in tightness of fixation as a function of source brightness was observed. There was no loss of ability to fixate, nor any drive to aversion, at the higher source intensities. C1 USA, MRD, WRAIR, Brooks City Base, TX 78235 USA. Northrop Grumman IT, San Antonio, TX 78228 USA. RP Lund, BJ (reprint author), USA, MRD, WRAIR, 7965 Dave Erwin Dr, Brooks City Base, TX 78235 USA. EM brian.lund@brooks.af.mil NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 85 IS 5 BP 567 EP 577 DI 10.1097/00004032-200311000-00004 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 733TM UT WOS:000186016800004 PM 14571989 ER PT J AU Pierce, R Chadiha, LA Vargas, A Mosley, M AF Pierce, R Chadiha, LA Vargas, A Mosley, M TI Prostate cancer and psychosocial concerns in African American men: Literature synthesis and recommendations SO HEALTH & SOCIAL WORK LA English DT Article DE African American men; health belief model; prostate cancer ID BLACK-AMERICANS; HEALTH; KNOWLEDGE; SURVIVAL; WHITE; RECRUITMENT; COMMUNITY; MORTALITY; BEHAVIOR; SERVICES AB African American men have the highest prostate cancer rates in the world, and more die from the disease than men from other racial or ethnic groups. Because the social work literature has little information on prostate cancer in African American men, the authors have synthesized the literature on prostate cancer and psychosocial concerns in African American men. They used the Health Belief Model as a framework to help explain, understand, and predict African American men's preventive health-related behaviors. The authors make recommendations for social work practice and research. C1 St Louis Univ Hosp, St Louis, MO USA. USA, Soldier & Family Support Branch, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. USA, Family Advocacy Training Sect, Acad Hlth Sci, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. Univ Michigan, Sch Social Work, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Pierce, R (reprint author), Washington Univ, George Warren Brown Sch Social Work, Campus Box 1196,1 Brookings Dr, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. NR 52 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ASSOC SOCIAL WORKERS PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST, NE, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4241 USA SN 0360-7283 J9 HEALTH SOC WORK JI Health Soc. Work PD NOV PY 2003 VL 28 IS 4 BP 302 EP 311 PG 10 WC Social Work SC Social Work GA 745JK UT WOS:000186685400007 PM 14679709 ER PT J AU Luo, YB Zhang, JH Alexandrov, P Fursin, L Zhao, JH Burke, T AF Luo, YB Zhang, JH Alexandrov, P Fursin, L Zhao, JH Burke, T TI High voltage (> 1 kV) and high current gain (32) 4H-SiC power BJTs using Al-free ohmic contact to the base SO IEEE ELECTRON DEVICE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE bipolar junction transistors (BJTs); power transistors; silicon carbide ID BIPOLAR JUNCTION TRANSISTORS AB This letter reports the design and fabrication of 4H-SiC bipolar junction transistors with both high voltage (>1 kV) and high dc current gain (beta = 32) at a collector current level of I-c = 3.83A (J(c) = 319 A/cm(2)). An Al-free base ohmic contact has. been used which, When compared With. BJTs fabricated with Al-based base contact, shows clearly improved blocking voltage. A specific on-resistance of 17 mOmega(.)cm(2) has been achieved for collector current densities up to 289 A/cm(2). C1 Rutgers State Univ, SiCLAB, ECE Dept, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. United Silicon Carbide Inc, New Brunswick Technol Ctr, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. US Army TACOM, Warren, MI 48397 USA. RP Luo, YB (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, SiCLAB, ECE Dept, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. NR 10 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0741-3106 J9 IEEE ELECTR DEVICE L JI IEEE Electron Device Lett. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 24 IS 11 BP 695 EP 697 DI 10.1109/LED.2003.819271 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 740LA UT WOS:000186402800007 ER PT J AU Grabenstein, JD AF Grabenstein, JD TI Anthrax vaccine: a review SO IMMUNOLOGY AND ALLERGY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Review ID PROTECTIVE ANTIGEN GENE; BACILLUS-ANTHRACIS; GUINEA-PIGS; INHALATIONAL ANTHRAX; WOOLSORTERS DISEASE; COMPARATIVE EFFICACY; RECOMBINANT STRAINS; ANTIBODY-RESPONSE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; RHESUS MACAQUES AB Anthrax is a zoonotic disease, primarily of ruminants, that is caused by Bacillus anthracis. The three most common forms of anthrax are cutaneous, inhalational, and gastrointestinal. Anthrax can be a deadly disease if treatment does not begin early in the course of infection. An effective vaccine has been available in the United States since 1970, although it was not used widely until 1998. Research is underway to change the current US-licensed vaccine's route of administration to intramuscular and to reduce the number of doses in the basic series. C1 USA, Med Command, Falls Church, VA 22041 USA. RP Grabenstein, JD (reprint author), USA, Med Command, 5111 Leesburg Pike, Falls Church, VA 22041 USA. NR 116 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 3 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0889-8561 J9 IMMUNOL ALLERGY CLIN JI Immunol. Allerg. Clin. North Am. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 23 IS 4 BP 713 EP + DI 10.1016/S0889-8561(03)00093-6 PG 19 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 757UZ UT WOS:000187581000009 PM 14753388 ER PT J AU Duffy, PE Fried, M AF Duffy, PE Fried, M TI Antibodies that inhibit Plasmodium falciparum adhesion to chondroitin sulfate A are associated with increased birth weight and the gestational age of Newborns SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID PREGNANT-WOMEN; INFECTED ERYTHROCYTES; RURAL MALAWI; MALARIA; MORTALITY; DETERMINANTS; PLACENTA; CHILDREN; BURDEN AB Antibodies that inhibit Plasmodium falciparum adhesion to the placental receptor chondroitin sulfate A are associated with a reduced risk of placental malaria, but whether these antibodies lead to improved pregnancy outcomes is unknown. We measured antiadhesion antibody levels in parturient women in western Kenya, where malaria transmission is intense. Secundigravid women with antiadhesion activity in their plasma delivered babies that were on average 398 g heavier (P = 0.019) and 2 weeks more mature (P = 0.002) than babies delivered to secundigravidas without antiadhesion activity. Our findings support the development of antiadhesion vaccines to prevent poor fetal outcomes due to pregnancy malaria. C1 Seattle Biomed Res Inst, Malaria Antigen Discovery Program, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Duffy, PE (reprint author), Seattle Biomed Res Inst, Malaria Antigen Discovery Program, 4 Nickerson St,Suite 200, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI 43680, R01 AI052059, R01 AI52059] NR 15 TC 159 Z9 160 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 71 IS 11 BP 6620 EP 6623 DI 10.1128/IAI.71.11.6620-6623.2003 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 736VR UT WOS:000186194300061 PM 14573685 ER PT J AU Dekonenko, A Yakimenko, V Ivanov, A Morozov, V Nikitin, P Khasanova, S Dzagurova, T Tkachenko, E Schmaljohn, C AF Dekonenko, Alexander Yakimenko, Valeriy Ivanov, Alexander Morozov, Vyacheslav Nikitin, Pavel Khasanova, Samara Dzagurova, Tamara Tkachenko, Evgeniy Schmaljohn, Connie TI Genetic similarity of Puumala viruses found in Finland and western Siberia and of the mitochondrial DNA of their rodent hosts suggests a common evolutionary origin SO INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Puumala virus; Clethrionomys spp.; Cytochrome b; Postglacial radiation; Western Siberia; Finland AB A total of 678 small mammals representing eight species were trapped in western Siberia in 1999-2000 and assayed for the presence of hantaviruses. Eighteen animals, all Clethrionomys species, were antigen positive by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Small and medium genome segments were recovered by RT-PCR from six samples from Clethrionomys glareolus and three from Clethrionomys rufocanus. Sequence comparison and phylogenetic analysis revealed that these hantaviruses were Puumala virus and were similar to hantavirus strains from Finland. To confirm these data, partial nucleotide sequences of the rodent hosts' cytochrome b genes were obtained, as well as several sequences from genes from rodents trapped at different localities of European Russia and western Siberia. The cytochrome b sequences of Siberian bank voles were similar to sequences of C. glareolus, trapped in Finland. These data suggest that the Puumala hantaviruses, as well as their rodent hosts, share a common evolutionary history. We propose that these rodents and viruses may be descendents of a population of bank voles that expanded northward from southern refugia during one of the interglacial periods. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Dekonenko, Alexander; Ivanov, Alexander; Dzagurova, Tamara; Tkachenko, Evgeniy] RAMS, Chumakov Inst Poliomyelitis & Viral Encephalitide, Moscow, Russia. [Yakimenko, Valeriy] Res Inst Nat Foci Infect, Omsk, Russia. [Morozov, Vyacheslav] Samara State Med Univ, Samara, Russia. [Nikitin, Pavel] Reg Sanit & Epidemiol Dept, Nizhnii Novgorod, Russia. [Khasanova, Samara] Mech Res Inst Vaccines & Sera Immunopreparat, Ufa, Bashkortostan, Russia. [Dekonenko, Alexander; Schmaljohn, Connie] US Army Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD USA. RP Dekonenko, A (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Mol Genet & Microbiol, Hlth Sci Ctr, 915 Camino de Salud NE CRF307, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. EM adekonenko@salud.unm.edu FU National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the Laboratory of Molecular Virology, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID) FX This work was performed while the author (A.D.) held a National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the Laboratory of Molecular Virology, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID). We are indebted to the University of Alaska Museum Mammal Collection for providing materials for this study. The authors thank Dr. L.I. Ivanov, Khabarovsk Anti-plague Station, for providing the sample of rodent's lung tissue. We are grateful to Tricia Lewis for help in preparation of the manuscript. NR 48 TC 31 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1567-1348 EI 1567-7257 J9 INFECT GENET EVOL JI Infect. Genet. Evol. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 3 IS 4 BP 245 EP 257 DI 10.1016/S1567-1348(03)00088-1 PG 13 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA V30OQ UT WOS:000208825700002 PM 14636686 ER PT J AU Velo, AP Gazonas, GA AF Velo, AP Gazonas, GA TI Optimal design of a two-layered elastic strip subjected to transient loading SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES LA English DT Article DE wave propagation; Goupillaud-type layered media; structural optimization; analytical solutions; validation of numerical codes ID LAYERED STRUCTURES; WAVE-PROPAGATION; COATINGS; OPTIMIZATION; ENERGY; MODEL AB Analytical solutions play a very important role in the validation of numerical codes. However, exact analytical solutions involving optimal design of transiently loaded multilayered structures, are rare in the literature. In this paper, we solve an optimal design problem involving wave propagation in a two-layered elastic strip subjected to transient loading. We obtain explicit formulas for the stress in each layer using the method of characteristics, and then use these results to identify the designs that provide the smallest stress amplitude. The derived analytical results are then successfully used to validate a previously developed, hybrid computational optimization software. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, AMSRL,WM,MB, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Univ San Diego, Dept Math & Comp Sci, San Diego, CA 92110 USA. RP Gazonas, GA (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, AMSRL,WM,MB, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM avelo@sandiego.edu; gazonas@arl.army.mil OI Gazonas, George/0000-0002-2715-016X NR 26 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0020-7683 J9 INT J SOLIDS STRUCT JI Int. J. Solids Struct. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 40 IS 23 BP 6417 EP 6428 DI 10.1016/S0020-7683(03)00438-4 PG 12 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA 730GG UT WOS:000185820400010 ER PT J AU Ryan, LM Warden, DL AF Ryan, LM Warden, DL TI Post concussion syndrome SO INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article ID MILD HEAD-INJURY; TRAUMATIC BRAIN-INJURY; POSITRON-EMISSION-TOMOGRAPHY; POSTCONCUSSION SYMPTOMS; BASE RATES; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL DEFICITS; SEQUELAE; TIME AB Individuals sustaining mild traumatic brain injuries often report a constellation of physical, cognitive, and emotional/behavioral symptoms referred to as post concussion symptoms (PCS). The most commonly reported post concussion symptoms are headache, dizziness, decreased concentration, memory problems, irritability, fatigue, visual disturbances, sensitivity to noise, judgment problems, depression, and anxiety. Although these PCS often resolve within one month, in some individuals PCS can persist from months to years following injury and may even be permanent and cause disability. When this cluster of PCS is persistent in nature, it is often called the post concussion syndrome or persistent PCS. Both physiological and psychological etiologies have been suggested as causes for persistent post concussion symptoms and this has led to much controversy and debate in the literature. Most investigators now believe that a variety of pre-morbid, injury-related, and post-morbid neuropathological and psychological factors contribute to the development and continuation of these symptoms in those sustaining mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI). C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Def & Vet Brain Injury Ctr, Dept Neurol, Washington, DC 20012 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Neurol, Washington, DC USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Psychiat, Washington, DC USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn Advancement Mil Med, Washington, DC USA. RP Warden, DL (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Def & Vet Brain Injury Ctr, Dept Neurol, POB 59181, Washington, DC 20012 USA. NR 51 TC 152 Z9 152 U1 3 U2 26 PU CARFAX PUBLISHING PI BASINGSTOKE PA RANKINE RD, BASINGSTOKE RG24 8PR, HANTS, ENGLAND SN 0954-0261 J9 INT REV PSYCHIATR JI Int. Rev. Psych. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 15 IS 4 BP 310 EP 316 DI 10.1080/09540260310001606692 PG 7 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 739UD UT WOS:000186364100003 PM 15276952 ER PT J AU Lim, JW Yu, YH Johnson, W AF Lim, JW Yu, YH Johnson, W TI Calculation of rotor blade-vortex interaction airloads using a multiple-trailer free-wake model SO JOURNAL OF AIRCRAFT LA English DT Article AB Analytical results of rotor blade-vortex interaction airloads are presented with two different wake models in the comprehensive analysis CAMRAD II, and these calculated results are compared with the experimental data obtained from the higher-harmonic-control aeroacoustic rotor test (HART-I) program. The HART rotor was a 40%, Mach-scaled model of the hingeless BO-105 main rotor. Two wake models used in the comprehensive analysis are the single-trailer and the multiple-trailer free-wake models. The multiple-trailer wake model shows good prediction of lift distribution, M(2)c(n), as a function of azimuth for baseline, minimum noise, and minimum vibration cases, and shows significant improvement relative to the single-trailer model in prediction of the tip vortex wake geometry. C1 USA, Aviat & Missile Command, NASA, Rotocraft Div,Aeroflightdynam Directorate, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RP Lim, JW (reprint author), USA, Aviat & Missile Command, NASA, Rotocraft Div,Aeroflightdynam Directorate, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. NR 20 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0021-8669 J9 J AIRCRAFT JI J. Aircr. PD NOV-DEC PY 2003 VL 40 IS 6 BP 1123 EP 1130 DI 10.2514/2.7200 PG 8 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 756EF UT WOS:000187452300010 ER PT J AU Zhang, SS Xu, K Jow, TR AF Zhang, SS Xu, K Jow, TR TI Poly(acrylonitrile-methyl methacrylate) as a non-fluorinated binder for the graphite anode of Li-ion batteries SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ELECTROCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE binder; graphite; Li-ion battery; poly(acrylonitrile-methyl methacrylate); poly(vinylidene fluoride) ID POLYVINYLIDENE FLUORIDE; POLYMER ELECTROLYTES C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Zhang, SS (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RI Zhang, Sheng/A-4456-2012 OI Zhang, Sheng/0000-0003-4435-4110 NR 9 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 21 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-891X J9 J APPL ELECTROCHEM JI J. Appl. Electrochem. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 33 IS 11 BP 1099 EP 1101 DI 10.1023/A:1026225001109 PG 3 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA 735CV UT WOS:000186095600017 ER PT J AU Guy, ED Nolen-Hoeksema, RC Daniels, JJ Lefchik, T AF Guy, ED Nolen-Hoeksema, RC Daniels, JJ Lefchik, T TI High-resolution SH-wave seismic reflection investigations near a coal mine-related roadway collapse feature SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE coal mining; shallow seismic reflection; shear waves; subsidence AB We acquired crossline-crossline (SH-SH) shear-wave reflection data along a heavily trafficked section of Interstate highway 70 in eastern Ohio where the roadway had collapsed into underground coal-mine workings. We acquired these data to determine whether subsurface subsidence processes had continued at the collapse location after remediation, and to identify additional areas of potential collapse along this section of the roadway. A reflection correlating to the overburden and bedrock interface (above the mine workings) was consistently identified in raw field records, and our data processing and imaging targeted this high impedance contrast. Data quality was high enough to permit resolution of vertical offsets of 3-4 ft (0.91-1.2 in) and horizontal disruptions of about 20 ft (6.1 in) in the otherwise continuous bedrock horizon at two locations close to the previous collapse, suggesting a relatively high risk for future roadway failure in these areas. SH-wave data interpretations were supported by exploratory drilling results which confirmed that bedrock had subsided into underlying coal-mine workings at these two locations. Our results show that high-resolution SH-wave seismic reflection surveys can be effective for diagnosing mine-induced subsidence potential beneath heavily traveled roadways. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA Corps Engineers, Environm & Remediat Sect, Huntington, WV 25701 USA. Ohio State Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Fed Highway Adm, Columbus, OH 43215 USA. RP Guy, ED (reprint author), USA Corps Engineers, Environm & Remediat Sect, 502 8th St, Huntington, WV 25701 USA. NR 19 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-9851 J9 J APPL GEOPHYS JI J. Appl. Geophys. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 54 IS 1-2 BP 51 EP 70 DI 10.1016/S0926-9851(03)00055-7 PG 20 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Geology; Mining & Mineral Processing GA 757CA UT WOS:000187530200004 ER PT J AU Butler, DK AF Butler, DK TI Implications of magnetic backgrounds for unexploded ordnance detection SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE magnetic susceptibility; unexploded ordnance; detection and discrimination AB Detection of buried unexploded ordnance (UXO) requires application of geophysical methods that exploit contrasts in magnetic susceptibility and/or electrical conductivity of the UXO relative to surrounding soil and rock (the geologic background). At many sites, the contrasts are very large, and the detection capability is relatively independent of the geologic background. Some sites, however, are predictably problematic, such as volcanic terrains (e.g., Maui and Kaho'olawe, HI, USA). Other sites that would not intuitively be predicted to pose detection problems are found to have localized high susceptibility zones with wavelengths and magnitudes that can significantly complicate UXO detection. Details of a site in Indiana (USA) are presented that illustrate order of magnitude variation of magnetic susceptibility over distances of 2-3 m. Magnetic susceptibility at the site correlates to topography and soil type. Magnetic power spectral density plots from magnetic surveys at selected areas at the Indiana site are compared to each other and to data from Maui, HI, and demonstrate the key issues in UXO detection with magnetometry. Magnetic susceptibility data from Kaho'olawe are used to illustrate the effects on electromagnetic induction surveys for UXO detection and discrimination. The phenomenological observations suggest approaches for magnetic and electromagnetic induction survey data processing to enhance anomaly delectability and model-based inversion. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V All rights reserved. C1 USA Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Alion Sci & Technol Corp, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Butler, DK (reprint author), USA Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Alion Sci & Technol Corp, 3900 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 34 TC 28 Z9 30 U1 2 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-9851 J9 J APPL GEOPHYS JI J. Appl. Geophys. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 54 IS 1-2 BP 111 EP 125 DI 10.1016/j.jappgeo.2003.08.022 PG 15 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Geology; Mining & Mineral Processing GA 757CA UT WOS:000187530200008 ER PT J AU Beidleman, BA Muza, SR Fulco, CS Cymerman, A Ditzler, DT Stulz, D Staab, JE Robinson, SR Skrinar, GS Lewis, SF Sawka, MN AF Beidleman, BA Muza, SR Fulco, CS Cymerman, A Ditzler, DT Stulz, D Staab, JE Robinson, SR Skrinar, GS Lewis, SF Sawka, MN TI Intermittent altitude exposures improve muscular performance at 4,300 m SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE hypobaric hypoxia; ventilation; maximal O-2 uptake; submaximal work ID SEA-LEVEL; VENTILATORY RESPONSES; PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE; HYPOBARIC HYPOXIA; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; WORK CAPACITY; EXERCISE; LOWLANDERS; CHEMOSENSITIVITY; ACCLIMATIZATION AB Chronic altitude residence improves muscular performance at altitude, but the effect of intermittent altitude exposures (IAE) on muscular performance at altitude has not been defined. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of 3 wk of IAE, in combination with rest and cycle training, on muscular performance at altitude. Six lowlanders (23 +/- 2 yr, 77 +/- 6 kg; means +/- SE) completed a cycle time trial and adductor pollicis endurance test at sea level and during a 30-h acute exposure to 4,300 m altitude equivalent (barometric pressure = 446 mmHg) once before (pre-IAE) and once after (post-IAE) a 3-wk period of IAE (4h/day, 5 days/wk, 4,300 m). During each IAE, three subjects cycled for 45-60 min/day at 60%-70% of maximal O-2 uptake and three subjects rested. Cycle training during each IAE did not appear to affect muscular performance at altitude. Thus data from all six subjects were combined. Three weeks of IAE resulted in 1) a 21 +/- 6% improvement (P < 0.05) in cycle time-trial performance (min) from pre-IAE (32.8 &PLUSMN; 3.7) to post-IAE (24.8 &PLUSMN; 1.2), 2) a 63 &PLUSMN; 26% improvement (P < 0.05) in adductor pollicis endurance (min) from pre- IAE (9.2 +/- 2.8) to post-IAE (14.8 +/- 4.2), and 3) a 10 +/- 4% increase (P < 0.05) in resting arterial O-2 saturation (%) from pre- IAE (82 &PLUSMN; 2) to post-IAE (90 &PLUSMN; 1). These improvements in muscular performance after IAE correlated strongly with increases in resting arterial O-2 saturation and were comparable to those reported previously after chronic altitude residence. IAE may therefore be used as an alternative to chronic altitude residence to facilitate improvements in muscular performance in athletes, soldiers, mountaineers, shift workers, and others that are deployed to altitude. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Biophys & Biomed Modeling Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Boston Univ, Sargent Coll Hlth & Rehabil Sci, Dept Hlth Sci, Boston, MA 02215 USA. RP Beidleman, BA (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Biophys & Biomed Modeling Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 32 TC 40 Z9 42 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD NOV 01 PY 2003 VL 95 IS 5 BP 1824 EP 1832 DI 10.1152/japplphysiol.01160.2002 PG 9 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 730VF UT WOS:000185850300010 PM 12819214 ER PT J AU Bundle, MW Hoyt, RW Weyand, PG AF Bundle, MW Hoyt, RW Weyand, PG TI High-speed running performance: a new approach to assessment and prediction SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE locomotion; anaerobic power; aerobic power; exercise testing ID CAPACITY; POWER; EXERCISE; DEFICIT AB We hypothesized that all-out running speeds for efforts lasting from a few seconds to several minutes could be accurately predicted from two measurements: the maximum respective speeds supported by the anaerobic and aerobic powers of the runner. To evaluate our hypothesis, we recruited seven competitive runners of different event specialties and tested them during treadmill and overground running on level surfaces. The maximum speed supported by anaerobic power was determined from the fastest speed that subjects could attain for a burst of eight steps (similar to3 s or less). The maximum speed supported by aerobic power, or the velocity at maximal oxygen uptake, was determined from a progressive, discontinuous treadmill test to failure. All-out running speeds for trials of 3-240 s were measured during 10-13 constant-speed treadmill runs to failure and 4 track runs at specified distances. Measured values of the maximum speeds supported by anaerobic and aerobic power, in conjunction with an exponential constant, allowed us to predict the speeds of all-out treadmill trials to within an average of 2.5% (R-2 = 0.94; n = 84) and track trials to within 3.4% (R-2 = 0.86; n = 28). An algorithm using this exponent and only two of the all-out treadmill runs to predict the remaining treadmill trials was nearly as accurate (average = 3.7%; R-2 = 0.93; n = 77). We conclude that our technique 1) provides accurate predictions of high-speed running performance in trained runners and 2) offers a performance assessment alternative to existing tests of anaerobic power and capacity. C1 Rice Univ, Dept Kinesiol, Locomot Lab, Houston, TX 77005 USA. Univ Montana, Div Biol Sci, Flight Lab, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Biophys & Biomed Modeling Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Harvard Univ, Museum Comparat Zool, Concord Field Stn, Bedford, MA 01730 USA. RP Weyand, PG (reprint author), Rice Univ, Dept Kinesiol, Locomot Lab, MS 545,6100 Main St, Houston, TX 77005 USA. NR 27 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD NOV 01 PY 2003 VL 95 IS 5 BP 1955 EP 1962 DI 10.1152/japplphysiol.00921.2002 PG 8 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 730VF UT WOS:000185850300026 PM 14555668 ER PT J AU Estes, AC Frangopol, DM AF Estes, Allen C. Frangopol, Dan M. TI Updating Bridge Reliability Based on Bridge Management Systems Visual Inspection Results SO JOURNAL OF BRIDGE ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Bridges, highway; Management systems; Limit states; Structural reliability; Bridge inspection; Rehabilitation; Colorado AB Bridge management systems have become increasingly sophisticated over the past decade and provide valuable information about the structural condition of all bridges in the national database. At the same time, reliability methods have gained increasing prominence and are used to forecast life-cycle performance over many decades of structural life. Such reliability analyses need to be updated based on the results of inspections. Specifically targeted nondestructive evaluations are the preferred solution, but are not always available for every bridge. This paper examines how the visual inspection data provided from bridge management systems already in place can be used to update the reliability of a bridge. The limitations and necessary modifications to current practice are discussed. The superstructure of a Colorado highway bridge deteriorating due to corrosion is used as an example. C1 [Estes, Allen C.] US Mil Acad, Dept Civil & Mech Engn, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Frangopol, Dan M.] Univ Colorado, Dept Civil Environm & Architectural Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Estes, AC (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Civil & Mech Engn, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM ia2804@exmail.usma.edu; Dan.Frangopol@colorado.edu FU U.S. National Science Foundation [CMS-9912525, CMS-0217290] FX The partial financial support of the U.S. National Science Foundation through Grant Nos. CMS-9912525 and CMS-0217290 is gratefully acknowledged. The opinions and conclusions presented is this paper are those of the writers and do not necessarily reflect the views of the sponsoring organization. NR 18 TC 41 Z9 46 U1 1 U2 16 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 1084-0702 J9 J BRIDGE ENG JI J. Bridge Eng. PD NOV-DEC PY 2003 VL 8 IS 6 SI SI BP 374 EP 382 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)1084-0702(2003)8:6(374) PG 9 WC Engineering, Civil SC Engineering GA V19FP UT WOS:000208058600005 ER PT J AU Tsokos, GC Tsokos, M AF Tsokos, GC Tsokos, M TI The TRAIL to arthritis SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION LA English DT Editorial Material ID SYSTEMIC-LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS; APOPTOSIS-INDUCING LIGAND; DENDRITIC CELLS; T-CELL; RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; AUTOIMMUNE-DISEASES; GENE-THERAPY; MICE; DEFICIENT AB Antigen-specific lymphocytes are involved in synovial proliferation within inflamed joints. Activated lymphocytes and synoviocytes from patients with rheumatoid arthritis express receptors that can bind TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL). A new study demonstrates that DCs pulsed with collagen and transduced with an adenovirus-based vector able to express TRAIL limit the incidence of arthritis in a model of collagen-induced arthritis and joint inflammation (see the related article beginning on page 1332). These results suggest that gene-modified cell therapy represents a therapeutic option for systemic rheumatic diseases. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NCI, Pathol Lab, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Tsokos, GC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Bldg 503,Room 1A32,Robert Grand Rd, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 21 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL INVESTIGATION INC PI ANN ARBOR PA 35 RESEARCH DR, STE 300, ANN ARBOR, MI 48103 USA SN 0021-9738 J9 J CLIN INVEST JI J. Clin. Invest. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 112 IS 9 BP 1315 EP 1317 DI 10.1172/JCI200320297 PG 3 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA 739YT UT WOS:000186374800010 PM 14597758 ER PT J AU Carter, CA Donahue, T Sun, L Wu, HG McLeod, DG Amling, C Lance, R Foley, J Sexton, W Kusuda, L Chung, A Soderdahl, D Jackman, S Moul, JW AF Carter, CA Donahue, T Sun, L Wu, HG McLeod, DG Amling, C Lance, R Foley, J Sexton, W Kusuda, L Chung, A Soderdahl, D Jackman, S Moul, JW TI Temporarily deferred therapy (watchful waiting) for men younger than 70 years and with low-risk localized prostate cancer in the prostate-specific antigen era SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CONSERVATIVE MANAGEMENT; CARCINOMA; DATABASE; SURVIVAL; DISEASE; TRENDS; TIME; PROGRESSION; GRADE AB (Purpose) under bar: Watchful waiting (WW) is an acceptable strategy for managing prostate cancer (PC) in older men. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing has resulted in a stage migration, with diagnoses made in younger men. An analysis of the Department of Defense Center for Prostate Disease Research Database was undertaken to document younger men with low- or intermediate-grade PC who initially chose WW. (Patients and Methods) under bar: We identified men choosing WW who were diagnosed between January 1991 and January 2002, were 70 years or younger, had a Gleason score :5 6 with no Gleason pattern 4, had no more than three positive cores on biopsy, and whose clinical stage was less than or equal toT2 and PSA level was less than or equal to20. We analyzed their likelihood of remaining on WW, the factors associated with secondary treatment, and the influence of comorbidities. (Results) under bar: Three hundred thirteen men were identified. Median follow-up time was 3.8 years. Median age was 65.4 years (range, 41 to 70 years). Ninety-eight patients remained on WW; 215 proceeded to treatment. A total of 57.3% and 73.2% chose treatment within the first 2 and 4 years, respectively. Median PSA doubling time (DT) was 2.5 years for those who underwent therapy, those remaining on WW had a median DT of 25.8 years. The type of secondary treatment was associated with the number of patient's comorbidities (P = .012). (Conclusion) under bar: Younger patients who choose WW seemed more likely to receive secondary treatment than older patients. PSA DTs often predict the use of secondary treatment. The number of comorbidities a patient has influences the type of secondary therapy chosen. The WW strategy may better be termed temporarily deferred therapy. (C) 2003 by American Society of Clinical Oncology. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Dept Surg, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Urol, Bethesda, MD USA. Malcolm Grow AF Med Ctr, Dept Urol, Andrews AFB, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Serv Urol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. San Diego Naval Med Ctr, Dept Urol, San Diego, CA USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Serv Urol, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Serv Urol, San Antonio, TX USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Urol, San Antonio, TX USA. Portsmouth Naval Med Ctr, Dept Urol, Portsmouth, Hants, England. RP Moul, JW (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Dept Surg, 1530 E Jefferson St, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. EM fdonahue@bethesda.med.navy.mil; fmoul@cpdr.org NR 22 TC 55 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL ONCOLOGY PI ALEXANDRIA PA 330 JOHN CARLYLE ST, STE 300, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0732-183X J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD NOV 1 PY 2003 VL 21 IS 21 BP 4001 EP 4008 DI 10.1200/JCO.2003.04.092 PG 8 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 738NV UT WOS:000186295500018 PM 14581423 ER PT J AU Jones, SC Civjan, SA AF Jones, SC Civjan, SA TI Application of fiber reinforced polymer overlays to extend steel fatigue life SO JOURNAL OF COMPOSITES FOR CONSTRUCTION LA English DT Article DE steel; fiber reinforced polymers; fatigue; cracking; rehabilitation AB An experimental and analytical study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of applying carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) overlays to steel fatigue tension coupons to prolong fatigue life. Specimens were either notched or center hole specimens and tested in uniaxial tension. Variables studied were CFRP system, bond length, bond area, one and two sided applications, and applications prior or subsequent to crack propagation. Two sided applications were very effective, prolonging fatigue life by as much as 115%. Similar application of CFRP materials subsequent to crack propagation extended the remaining fatigue life by approximately 170% without any other means of crack arrest. The method therefore showed promise as both a preventive technique and repair method. The epoxy performance was critical to the effectiveness of the system, with all failures initiated by debonding of the CFRP. Overlays were most effective when the system was applied directly to the potential crack trajectory. One-sided applications introduced bending and did not significantly improve performance. CFRP materials with a moderate modulus of elasticity performed best. FEM was performed to estimate stress factors and effectiveness of overlays. C1 USA, ARCENT, SA, APO, AE 09852 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP Jones, SC (reprint author), USA, ARCENT, SA, APO, AE 09852 USA. NR 7 TC 78 Z9 84 U1 2 U2 16 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 1090-0268 J9 J COMPOS CONSTR JI J. Compos. Constr. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 7 IS 4 BP 331 EP 338 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0268(2003)7:4(331) PG 8 WC Engineering, Civil; Mechanics; Materials Science, Composites SC Engineering; Mechanics; Materials Science GA 734VH UT WOS:000186078300007 ER PT J AU Lynch, JC Brannon, JM Hatfield, K Delfino, JJ AF Lynch, JC Brannon, JM Hatfield, K Delfino, JJ TI An exploratory approach to modeling explosive compound persistence and flux using dissolution kinetics SO JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE dissolution; kinetics; explosives; octol; contaminant flux; persistence ID ARMY AMMUNITION PLANT; HEXAHYDRO-1,3,5-TRINITRO-1,3,5-TRIAZINE RDX; 2,4,6-TRINITROTOLUENE TNT; RATES; SOIL; HMX; SOLUBILITIES; DEGRADATION; COMPONENT; SPHERES AB Recent advances in the description of aqueous dissolution rates for explosive compounds enhance the ability to describe these compounds as a contaminant source term and to model the behavior of these compounds in a field environment. The objective of this study is to make predictions concerning the persistence of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) and octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX) in solid form both as individual explosive compounds and components of octol, and the resultant concentrations of explosives in water as a result of dissolution using three exploratory modeling approaches. The selection of dissolution model and rate greatly affect not only the predicted persistence of explosive compound sources but also their resulting concentrations in solution. This study identifies the wide range in possible predictions using existing information and these modeling approaches to highlight the need for further research to ensure that risk assessment, remediation and predicted fate and transport are appropriately presented and interpreted. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Geog & Environm Engn, W Point, NY 10996 USA. Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Civil & Coastal Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Environm Engn Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Lynch, JC (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Geog & Environm Engn, Room 6007,745 Brewerton Rd, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 34 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-7722 J9 J CONTAM HYDROL JI J. Contam. Hydrol. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 66 IS 3-4 BP 147 EP 159 DI 10.1016/S0169-7722(03)00030-5 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources GA 739ZN UT WOS:000186376600001 PM 14568396 ER PT J AU Gomez, JE Filz, GM Ebeling, RM AF Gomez, JE Filz, GM Ebeling, RM TI Extended hyperbolic model for sand-to-concrete interfaces SO JOURNAL OF GEOTECHNICAL AND GEOENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE models; sand; concrete; soil-structure interaction; interfaces; retaining walls ID SOIL-STRUCTURE INTERACTION; BEHAVIOR AB A relatively simple, four-parameter extended hyperbolic model for interfaces was developed for use in soil-structure interaction analyses. The model accommodates arbitrary stress path directions and includes three important elements: (1) development of a yield surface during interface shear; (2) a formulation for yield-inducing shear stiffness that is applicable to any stress path orientation; and (3) a formulation for unloading-reloading shear stiffness. The model was evaluated against the results of shear tests performed at the interface between three different types of sand and a concrete surface under a variety of stress paths. Comparisons between measured and calculated interface response indicate that the model provides accurate estimates of the response of sand-to-concrete interfaces. C1 Schnabel Engn Associates Inc, W Chester, PA 19380 USA. Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. USA, Engineers Res & Dev Ctr, Informat Technol Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Gomez, JE (reprint author), Schnabel Engn Associates Inc, 501 E Gay St, W Chester, PA 19380 USA. NR 30 TC 10 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 1090-0241 J9 J GEOTECH GEOENVIRON JI J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 129 IS 11 BP 993 EP 1000 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2003)129:11(993) PG 8 WC Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA 733LY UT WOS:000186003000004 ER PT J AU Hueman, M Gurney, J Storrer, C Kotula, L Jackson, K Wilson, M McLeod, D Moul, J Shriver, C Ponniah, S Peoples, G AF Hueman, M Gurney, J Storrer, C Kotula, L Jackson, K Wilson, M McLeod, D Moul, J Shriver, C Ponniah, S Peoples, G TI Immunological studies of vaccine-specific responses in breast and prostate cancer patients receiving a HER2/Neu (E75) vaccine SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOTHERAPY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 18th Annual Scientific Meeting of the International-Society-for-Biological-Therapy-of-Cancer CY OCT 31-NOV 02, 2003 CL BETHESDA, MARYLAND C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Clin Breast Care Project, Bethesda, MD USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1053-8550 J9 J IMMUNOTHER JI J. Immunother. PD NOV-DEC PY 2003 VL 26 IS 6 BP S8 EP S8 PG 1 WC Oncology; Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Oncology; Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 736UG UT WOS:000186191100027 ER PT J AU Plantz, BA Andersen, J Smith, LA Meagher, MM Schlegel, VL AF Plantz, BA Andersen, J Smith, LA Meagher, MM Schlegel, VL TI Detection of non-host viable contaminants in Pichia pastoris cultures and fermentation broths SO JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY & BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Pichia pastoris; non-host contaminants; fermentation ID METHYLOTROPHIC YEAST; RECOMBINANT PROTEIN; EXPRESSION; ANTIGEN AB The ability to detect viable contaminants in cultures propagated from the original host-expression system ensures that the integrity and purity of seed banks, fermentation broths, and ultimately the final product are continually controlled and maintained. The method developed to detect such agents must be selective for a broad spectrum of microbes, which may be present at very low levels, while discriminating from the host organisms. Although Pichia pastoris strains are frequently used as cell lines for the expression of heterologous proteins, a method that is specific for monitoring culture purity has yet to be reported for this type of organism. An assay that is capable of recovering contaminating bacteria, fungi, and closely related yeast from cultures of P. Pastoris at parts per million detection limits is described here. C1 Univ Nebraska, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. Univ Nebraska, Dept Chem Engn, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Schlegel, VL (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM vlschleg@unlnotes.unl.edu NR 18 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1367-5435 J9 J IND MICROBIOL BIOT JI J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 30 IS 11 BP 643 EP 650 DI 10.1007/s10295-003-0089-2 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 764EF UT WOS:000188191200003 PM 14605910 ER PT J AU Godfrey, TA AF Godfrey, TA TI On strain localization in the high rate extension of nylon fibers SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB A simple analytical model for the adiabatic high strain rate extension of synthetic textile fibers is presented. The model suggests that, for fibers with particular thermo-mechanical and constitutive properties, initial nominally uniform strain distributions along the fiber will tend to become non-uniform, with localization of axial strain into a thermally softened region. To assess the usefulness of the model in predicting and interpreting fiber behavior, a commercial nylon filament is investigated experimentally. Nylon filaments are extended to break at a low, isothermal strain rate (0.0015 s(-1)) and at a high, adiabatic strain rate (70 s(-1)). A dimensionless strain localization parameter (SLP), used to characterize the nylon filament in the framework of the model, predicts strain localization to occur during extension at the 70 s(-1) strain rate. Experimental load-extension curves exhibit a sharply reduced elongation-to-break at the high strain rate, consistent with the predicted occurrence of localized, versus uniform, straining. In addition, the transition from homogeneous to localized straining appears to occur at elongations that correspond with the SLP attaining a critical value for onset of localization. (C) 2003 Kluwer Academic Publishers. C1 USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Godfrey, TA (reprint author), USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-2461 J9 J MATER SCI JI J. Mater. Sci. PD NOV 1 PY 2003 VL 38 IS 21 BP 4365 EP 4371 DI 10.1023/A:1026347518727 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 738CZ UT WOS:000186270300016 ER PT J AU Faulde, MK Uedelhoven, WM Robbins, RG AF Faulde, MK Uedelhoven, WM Robbins, RG TI Contact toxicity and residual activity of different permethrin-based fabric impregnation methods for Aedes aegypti (Diptera : Culicidae), Ixodes ricinus (Acari : Ixodidae), and Lepisma saccharina (Thysanura : Lepismatidae) SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE arthropods; repellents; uniforms; permethrin ID TREATED MILITARY UNIFORMS; GULF-WAR SYNDROME; M-TOLUAMIDE DEET; PYRIDOSTIGMINE BROMIDE; PERSONAL PROTECTION; EXPOSURE; RATS; COMBINATION; MOSQUITOS; MALARIA AB The effectiveness and residual activities of permethrin-impregnated military battle dress uniforms were evaluated by comparing a new company-manufactured ready-to-use polymer-coating method with two "dipping methods" that are currently used to treat uniforms. Residual permethrin amounts and remaining contact toxicities on treated fabrics before and after up to 100 launderings were tested against Aedes aegypti (L.), Ixodes ricinus (L.), and Lepisma saccharina (L.). The residual amount of permethrin was considerably higher with the polymer-coating method: 280 mg ad./m(2) after 100 launderings, compared with 16 and 11 mg ad./m(2), respectively, obtained when using the two dipping methods. Hard ticks were most susceptible to the new polymer-coating method, resulting in prelaundering 100% knockdown times of 7.0 +/- 0.9 min, whereas equivalent times for the dipping methods were 7.9 +/- 0.35 min and 8.0 +/- 0.54 min, respectively. After 100 launderings, 100% knockdown of L ricinus nymphs was reached at 15.2 +/- 1.04 min using the polymer-coating method, compared with 178.8 +/- 24.7 min and 231 +/- 53.6 min, respectively, using the dipping methods. Similar results were obtained for Ae. aegypti and L. saccharina, indicating that the polymer-coating method is more effective and efficient when compared with the dipping methods. C1 Cent Inst Fed Armed Forces Med Serv, Dept Med Zool, Koblenz, Germany. Fed Armed Forces Res Inst Mat Explos Fuels & Lubr, Erding, Germany. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Armed Forces Pest Management Board, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Faulde, MK (reprint author), Cent Inst Fed Armed Forces Med Serv, Dept Med Zool, Koblenz, Germany. EM fauldem@bwb.org NR 28 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 1 U2 8 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 40 IS 6 BP 935 EP 941 DI 10.1603/0022-2585-40.6.935 PG 7 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 764DE UT WOS:000188185400028 PM 14765673 ER PT J AU Abbott, KC Trespalacios, FC Agodoa, LY AF Abbott, KC Trespalacios, FC Agodoa, LY TI Arteriovenous fistula use and heart disease in long-term elderly hemodialysis patients: Analysis of United States renal data system dialysis morbidity and mortality wave II SO JOURNAL OF NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Article DE arteriovenous fistula; vascular access; heart failure; acute coronary syndromes; myocardial infarction; survival; blood pressure; United States Renal Data System ID OUTPUT CARDIAC-FAILURE; VASCULAR ACCESS; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; RISK-FACTORS; AV FISTULAS; SEPTICEMIA; OUTCOMES; IMPACT AB Background. There are some concerns that arteriovenous fistula (AVF) use or other dialysis specific factors may exacerbate cardiovascular disease in long-term hemodialysis (HD) patients. Methods: We performed a historical cohort study of the United States Renal Data System Dialysis Morbidity and Mortality Wave II study, limited to 993 patients who started HD in 1996 with valid information on vascular access and who were primarily eligible for Medicare at the start of the study. We assessed the association between hemodialysis vascular access and heart disease, defined as Medicare Claims for heart failure (HF, International Classification of Diseases (ICD9) code 428.x) and acute coronary syndromes (ACS, ICD9 code 410.x and 411.x). Cox proportional hazards regression (using propensity analysis) was used to model adjusted hazard ratios (AHR) for the association between patients factors and heart disease after dialysis. Results: The rate of HF per 100 person years at risk (PYAR) was 19.6 among AVF users, 25.7 among patients using polytetrafluoroethylene grafts (grafts), and 31.1 among patients temporary catheters. Corresponding rates of ACS were 8.2 among AVF users, 11.0 among users of grafts, and 12.4 among users of temporary catheters. In Cox Regression analysis, there was no significant association between AVF use and either BY or ACS. This lack of association was consistent across gender, diabetes, race, and age. Conclusions: We found that AVF use had no significant association with the incidence of HF or ACS. We conclude that use of AVF by 60 days after the start of dialysis is not associated with an increased risk of later non-fatal cardiovascular outcomes in long-term hemodialysis patients. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Ft Lewis, WA USA. NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Abbott, KC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. OI Abbott, Kevin/0000-0003-2111-7112 NR 28 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU WICHTIG EDITORE PI MILAN PA 72/74 VIA FRIULI, 20135 MILAN, ITALY SN 1121-8428 J9 J NEPHROL JI J. Nephrol. PD NOV-DEC PY 2003 VL 16 IS 6 BP 822 EP 830 PG 9 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 753ZM UT WOS:000187278300006 PM 14736009 ER PT J AU Hartings, JA Temereanca, S Simons, DJ AF Hartings, JA Temereanca, S Simons, DJ TI Processing of periodic whisker deflections by neurons in the ventroposterior medial and thalamic reticular nuclei SO JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RECIPROCAL INHIBITORY CONNECTIONS; PRIMARY AUDITORY-CORTEX; RESPONSE PROPERTIES; IN-VIVO; THALAMOCORTICAL SYNAPSES; VENTROBASAL THALAMUS; TEMPORAL FREQUENCY; SENSORY RESPONSES; VIBRISSA UNITS; BARREL CORTEX AB Rats employ rhythmic whisker movements to sample information in their sensory environment. To study frequency tuning and filtering characteristics of thalamic circuitry, we recorded single-unit responses of ventroposterior medial (VPm) and thalamic reticular (Rt) neurons to 1- to 40-Hz sinusoidal and pulsatile whisker deflection in lightly narcotized rats. Neuronal entrainment was assessed by a measure of the relative modulation (RM) of firing at the stimulus frequency given by the first harmonic (F1) of the cycle time histogram divided by the mean firing rate (F0). VPm signaling of both sinusoidal and periodic pulsatile whisker movements improved gradually over 1-16 and was maximal at 20-40 Hz. By contrast, the RM of Rt responses increased over 1-8 Hz, but deteriorated progressively over the 12- to 40-Hz range. In Rt, response adaptation occurred at lower stimulus frequencies and to a greater extent than in VPm. Within a train of high-frequency stimuli, Rt responses progressively decremented, possibly due to the accumulation of inhibition, whereas those of VPm neurons augmented. Mean firing rates in Rt increased 42 spikes/s over 1-40 Hz, providing tonic (low RM) inhibition during high-frequency stimulation that may enhance VPm signal-to-noise ratios. Consistent with this view, VPm mean firing rates increased only 13 spikes/s over 1-40 Hz, and inter-deflection activity was suppressed to a greater extent than stimulus-evoked responses. Rt inhibition is likely to act in concert with actions of neuromodulators in optimizing thalamic temporal signaling of high-frequency whisker movements. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Neurobiol, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. RP Hartings, JA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH-61372] NR 41 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3077 J9 J NEUROPHYSIOL JI J. Neurophysiol. PD NOV 1 PY 2003 VL 90 IS 5 BP 3087 EP 3094 DI 10.1152/jn.00469.2003 PG 8 WC Neurosciences; Physiology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Physiology GA 742ZH UT WOS:000186547600024 PM 14615426 ER PT J AU Matzenbacher, SA Mailhot, JM McPherson, JC Cuenin, MF Hokett, SD Sharawy, M Peacock, ME AF Matzenbacher, SA Mailhot, JM McPherson, JC Cuenin, MF Hokett, SD Sharawy, M Peacock, ME TI In vivo effectiveness of a glycerol-compounded demineralized freeze-dried bone xenograft in the rat calvarium SO JOURNAL OF PERIODONTOLOGY LA English DT Article DE animal studies; bone; demineralized; bone; freeze-dried; glycerol; grafts; bone; wound healing ID EXPERIMENTAL-MODEL; POWDER ALLOGRAFTS; MATRIX; DEFECTS; OSTEOINDUCTIVITY; IMPLANTS AB Background: Demineralized freeze-dried bone (DFDB) is commonly hydrated with sterile water into a paste-like consistency for improved clinical handling or reconstituted with biodegradable barriers, such as glycerol, to promote handling and wound stability following human periodontal surgery. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the in vivo effects of glycerol-compounded human DFDB on bone formation in the rat calvarial critical-sized defect (CSD) model. Methods: Forty-eight adult male Harland Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to one of four treatment groups: glycerol, DFDB, DFDB plus glycerol, or a non-grafted control, and placed into 8 mm calvarial CSDs. DFDB (particle size 0.106 to 0.5 mm), glycerol, and their combination were from identical sources. Calvaria were harvested at 8 weeks postsurgery and evaluated histomorphometrically. Results: A statistically significant increased percentage of total bone fill was detected in the glycerol plus DFDB group and DFDB group as compared to glycerol group or the control. However, no significant difference was noted between the DFDB plus glycerol group and the DFDB group. Conclusion: The addition of glycerol to DFDB results in comparable osseous regeneration in the rat calvarium defect model versus DFDB alone; however, based upon clinical judgment, handling characteristics of DFDB were greatly improved. C1 US Army DENTAC Tingay Dent Clin, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. RP Peacock, ME (reprint author), US Army DENTAC Tingay Dent Clin, East Hosp Rd,Bldg 320, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. NR 29 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ACAD PERIODONTOLOGY PI CHICAGO PA 737 NORTH MICHIGAN AVENUE, SUITE 800, CHICAGO, IL 60611-2690 USA SN 0022-3492 J9 J PERIODONTOL JI J. Periodont. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 74 IS 11 BP 1641 EP 1646 DI 10.1902/jop.2003.74.11.1641 PG 6 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 754KP UT WOS:000187316100009 PM 14682661 ER PT J AU Simon, JF Agadoa, LY Abbott, KC AF Simon, JF Agadoa, LY Abbott, KC TI Predictors of delayed graft function in the era of modern immunosuppression. SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 36th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Nephrology CY NOV 12-17, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA SP Amer Soc Nephrol C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1046-6673 J9 J AM SOC NEPHROL JI J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 14 SU S BP 11A EP 11A PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 737FE UT WOS:000186219100047 ER PT J AU Reynolds, JC Swanson, SJ Reinmuth, B Kiandoli, LC Yuan, CM AF Reynolds, JC Swanson, SJ Reinmuth, B Kiandoli, LC Yuan, CM TI The prevalence of BK polyoma virus (BKV) infection in outpatient kidney transplant recipients at a single center SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 36th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Nephrology CY NOV 12-17, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA SP Amer Soc Nephrol C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Nephrol SVC, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Organ Transplant SVC, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1046-6673 J9 J AM SOC NEPHROL JI J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 14 SU S BP 42A EP 42A PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 737FE UT WOS:000186219100190 ER PT J AU Abbott, KC Glanton, CW Trespalacios, FC Oliver, DK Ortiz, MI Agodoa, LY Cruess, D Kimmel, PL AF Abbott, KC Glanton, CW Trespalacios, FC Oliver, DK Ortiz, MI Agodoa, LY Cruess, D Kimmel, PL TI Body mass index, dialysis modality and survival: Analysis of the United States Renal Data System Dialysis Morbidity and Mortality Wave SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 36th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Nephrology CY NOV 12-17, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA SP Amer Soc Nephrol C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Ft Lewis, WA USA. NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. George Washington Univ, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1046-6673 J9 J AM SOC NEPHROL JI J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 14 SU S BP 255A EP 255A PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 737FE UT WOS:000186219101186 ER PT J AU Simon, JF Yuan, C Welch, PG AF Simon, JF Yuan, C Welch, PG TI Development of membranous lupus nephritis after immunization against bacillus anthracis. SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 36th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Nephrology CY NOV 12-17, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA SP Amer Soc Nephrol C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1046-6673 J9 J AM SOC NEPHROL JI J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 14 SU S BP 796A EP 796A PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 737FE UT WOS:000186219103663 ER PT J AU Yeo, FE Abbott, KC AF Yeo, FE Abbott, KC TI Secondary membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis type III presenting in an adult female. SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 36th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Nephrology CY NOV 12-17, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA SP Amer Soc Nephrol C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Nephrol SVC, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1046-6673 J9 J AM SOC NEPHROL JI J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 14 SU S BP 799A EP 799A PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 737FE UT WOS:000186219103678 ER PT J AU Abbott, KC Bucci, JR Matsumoto, CS Swanson, SJ Agodoa, LYC Holtzmuller, KC Cruess, DF Peters, TG AF Abbott, KC Bucci, JR Matsumoto, CS Swanson, SJ Agodoa, LYC Holtzmuller, KC Cruess, DF Peters, TG TI Hepatitis C and renal transplantation in the era of modern immunosuppression SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Article ID MYCOPHENOLATE-MOFETIL; LIVER-TRANSPLANTATION; PATIENT SURVIVAL; VIRUS-INFECTION; EARLY GRAFT; ANTI-HCV; RECIPIENTS; DONORS; DISEASE; IMPACT AB Kidneys from donors who are positive for hepatitis C virus (DHCV+) have recently been identified as an independent risk factor for mortality after renal transplantation. However, it has not been determined whether risk persists after adjustment for baseline cardiac comorbidity or applies in the era of modern immunosuppression. Therefore, a historical cohort study was conducted of US adult cadaveric renal transplant recipients from January 1, 1996, to May 31, 2001; followed until October 31, 2001. A total of 36,956 patients had valid donor and recipient HCV serology. Cox regression analysis was used to model adjusted hazard ratios for mortality and graft loss, respectively, adjusted for other factors, including comorbid conditions from Center for Medicare and Medicaid Studies Form 2728 and previous dialysis access-related complications. It was found that DHCV+ was independently associated with an increased risk of mortality (adjusted hazard ratio, 2.12, 95% confidence interval, 1.72 to 2.87; P < 0.001), primarily as a result of infection. Mycophenolate mofetil was associated with improved survival in DHCV+ patients, primarily related to fewer infectious deaths. Adjusted analyses limited to recipients who were HCV+, HCV negative, or age 65 and over, or by use of mycophenolate mofetil confirmed that DHCV+ was independently associated with mortality in each subgroup. It is concluded that DHCV+ is independently associated with an increased risk of mortality after renal transplantation adjusted for baseline comorbid conditions in all subgroups. Recipients of DHCV+ organs should be considered at high risk for excessive immunosuppression. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Sch Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD USA. WRAMC, Organ Transplant Serv, Washington, DC USA. NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NIDDKD, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. WRAMC, Serv Gastroenterol, Washington, DC USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Jacksonville Transplant Ctr Shands, Jacksonville, FL USA. RP Abbott, KC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. OI Abbott, Kevin/0000-0003-2111-7112 NR 49 TC 58 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1046-6673 J9 J AM SOC NEPHROL JI J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 14 IS 11 BP 2908 EP 2918 DI 10.1097/01.ASN.0000090743.43034.72 PG 11 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 734TF UT WOS:000186073500025 PM 14569101 ER PT J AU Shkuratov, Y Petrov, D Videen, G AF Shkuratov, Y Petrov, D Videen, G TI Classical photometry of prefractal surfaces SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA A-OPTICS IMAGE SCIENCE AND VISION LA English DT Article AB Using the scale invariance of classical photometry, we develop an approach to finding the photometric function of prefractal structures that form a random topography. The photometric function of the prefractal surfaces is found as the general solution of the resulting differential equation in partial derivatives. The function depends on two parameters: the number of hierarchical levels of the prefractal structures and the roughness parameter of the single-level generation. As a limiting case, the approach includes our previous theory that considered fractoids. (C) 2003 Optical Society of America. C1 Kharkov AM Gorkii State Univ, Astron Observ, UA-61022 Kharkov, Ukraine. Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, Inst Radio Astron, UA-61002 Kharkov, Ukraine. USA, Res Lab, AMSRL CI EM, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Shkuratov, Y (reprint author), Kharkov AM Gorkii State Univ, Astron Observ, 35 Sumskaya St, UA-61022 Kharkov, Ukraine. NR 14 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0740-3232 J9 J OPT SOC AM A JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. A-Opt. Image Sci. Vis. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 20 IS 11 BP 2081 EP 2092 DI 10.1364/JOSAA.20.002081 PG 12 WC Optics SC Optics GA 737ER UT WOS:000186217800010 PM 14620336 ER PT J AU Durkot, MJ de Garavilla, L AF Durkot, MJ de Garavilla, L TI Effect of nifedipine on core cooling in rats during tail cold water immersion SO JOURNAL OF THERMAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE heat stress; heat stroke; cooling therapies; nifedipine ID HEAT-STROKE; BLOOD-FLOW; REDUCING HYPERTHERMIA; BODY-TEMPERATURE; HEATSTROKE; MODEL AB Male rats (450 g, n = 11/group) were heated at an ambient temperature of 42degreesC until a rectal temperature of 42.8degreesC was attained. Rats, then received either saline (30degreesC) + tail ice water immersion (F + I) or saline (30degreesC) + tail ice water immersion + Nifedipine, a peripheral vasodilator, (F + I + N) to determine cooling rate effectiveness and survivability. The time to reach a rectal temperature of 42.8degreesC averaged 172 min in both groups resulting, in similar heating rates (0.029degreesC/min). The cooling rates in group F + I and F + I + N were not significantly different from each other. We conclude that since Nifedipine did not improve cooling rates when combined with fluid + tail ice water immersion, its use as a cooling adjunct does not seem warranted. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Durkot, MJ (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0306-4565 J9 J THERM BIOL JI J. Therm. Biol. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 28 IS 8 BP 551 EP 554 DI 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2003.03.001 PG 4 WC Biology; Zoology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Zoology GA 737YQ UT WOS:000186260300004 ER PT J AU Topp, R Hayda, R Benedetti, G Twitero, T AF Topp, R Hayda, R Benedetti, G Twitero, T TI The incidence of neurovascular injury during external fixator placement without radiographic assistance for lower extremity diaphyseal fractures: A cadaveric study SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE neurovascular injury; external fixator; lower extremity; diaphyseal fractures; radiographic assistance ID SKELETAL FIXATION; PRINCIPLES; BONES AB Background: During military operations or mass casualty situations, trauma surgeons are called on to place external fixation without the use of fluoroscopy. However, the safety and efficacy of this procedure has not been investigated. Methods: Orthopedic surgeons, with varying experience, externally stabilized 20 fractured cadaver femora and tibiae. Using Behrens' safe zones, 1194 half-pins were placed without radiographic assistance. Subsequently, fluoroscopy and dissections documented pin positions. Results: Of the 194 pins, there were three (1.5%) neurovascular injuries (popliteal artery trifurcation). Forty-nine percent (95 of 194) of pins were overpenetrated (greater than two threads out the second cortex), with the mean distance to neurovascular structures of 10.2 mm. The mean overpenetration was +5.2 threads (13 mm). Conclusion: When compared with radiography-assisted fixation, our results show the risk for neurovascular injury doubles with pin placement without fluoroscopic assistance. At less than 2%, this may be an acceptable rate in battlefield/mass casualty situations. This study also demonstrates that increased experience with standard fixation correlates to safer pin placement feel-placed fixation. In austere conditions, experienced surgeons can safely place external fixators without radiographic guidance. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Topp, R (reprint author), 1315 Vista Del Monte, San Antonio, TX 78216 USA. NR 13 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD NOV PY 2003 VL 55 IS 5 BP 955 EP 958 DI 10.1097/01.TA.0000083003.99231.85 PG 4 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 744EG UT WOS:000186614500027 PM 14608172 ER PT J AU Ip, K Baik, KH Heo, YW Norton, DP Pearton, SJ LaRoche, JR Luo, B Ren, F Zavada, JM AF Ip, K Baik, KH Heo, YW Norton, DP Pearton, SJ LaRoche, JR Luo, B Ren, F Zavada, JM TI Annealing temperature dependence of contact resistance and stablity for Ti/Al/Pt/Au ohmic contacts to bulk n-ZnO SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article ID EPITAXIAL LAYERS; SAPPHIRE; FILMS; FABRICATION; EMISSION; DEVICES; DONOR AB E-beam deposited Ti/Al/Pt/Au contacts on undoped (nsimilar to10(17) cm(-3)) bulk ZnO showed minimum. specific contact resistance, rho(c), of similar to6x10(-4) Omega cm(2) after annealing at 250degreesC. This value was essentially independent of the surface cleaning procedure employed, including sequential solvent cleaning or H-2 plasma exposure. Higher annealing temperatures degraded the rho(c), and Auger electron spectroscopy depth profiling revealed increasing intermixing of the metal layers. The Al outdiffuses to the surface at temperatures as low as 350 degreesC, and the contact metallization is almost completely intermixed by 600 degreesC. (C) 2003 American Vacuum Society. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Chem Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Pearton, SJ (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM spear@mse.ufl.edu NR 25 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 10 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD NOV-DEC PY 2003 VL 21 IS 6 BP 2378 EP 2381 DI 10.1116/1.1621651 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 764EL UT WOS:000188193600018 ER PT J AU Pulskamp, JS Wickenden, A Polcawich, R Piekarski, B Dubey, M Smith, G AF Pulskamp, JS Wickenden, A Polcawich, R Piekarski, B Dubey, M Smith, G TI Mitigation of residual film stress deformation in multilayer microelectromechanical systems cantilever devices SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article ID INDUCED-STRAIN; MEMS; BEAMS AB An approach to compensate for the residual thin film stress deformation of multilayer microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) devices is presented based upon analytical and numerical modeling and in-process thin film characterization. Thermal and intrinsic deposition stresses can lead to the warping of released MEMS structures. This detrimental phenomenon in many cases can prevent proper device operation. Ellispsometric and laser wafer how. measurements yield thickness and film stress values that are used to update the deflection model during device fabrication, allowing for the compensation of the fabrication process variability. The derivations of linear and nonlinear residual film stress induced deflection models are presented. These models are based upon Bernoulli-Euler beam theory and are thus restricted to the associated geometric constraints. The models are initially validated by comparison with surface micro-machined sol-gel lead-zirconate-titanate cantilever structures; with initial experimental results agreeing well with both. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA. RP Pulskamp, JS (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM jpulskamp@arl.army.mil NR 15 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 20 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD NOV-DEC PY 2003 VL 21 IS 6 BP 2482 EP 2486 DI 10.1116/1.1615982 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 764EL UT WOS:000188193600036 ER PT J AU Polyakov, AY Smirnov, NB Govorkov, AV Pashkova, NV Pearton, SJ Zavada, JM Wilson, RG AF Polyakov, AY Smirnov, NB Govorkov, AV Pashkova, NV Pearton, SJ Zavada, JM Wilson, RG TI Proton implantation effects on electrical and optical properties of undoped AlGaN with high Al mole fraction SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article ID LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; VAPOR-PHASE EPITAXY; N-GAN; FILMS; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; RECOMBINATION; ALXGA1-XN; EMISSION; WURTZITE; ORIGIN AB Electrical and optical properties of undoped n-AlGaN films with Al composition close to 40% were studied before and after implantation of various doses of 100 keV protons. In the virgin samples, the electrical properties were determined by deep donor defects with-an energy level near 0.25 eV from the conduction band edge and a concentration of similar to10(18) cm(-3). Other deep centers present had energy levels of 0.12, 0.3, and 0.45 eV The luminescence spectra were dominated by two defect bands near 2.3 and 3.6 eV. Proton implantation significantly decreased the concentration of major donors even at the lowest doses of 10(12) cm(-2). For higher doses the Fermi level became progressively deeper and the data indicated complexing of defects present in the sample with either primary radiation defects or/and hydrogen introduced by implantation. The effect of the proton implantation-on the intensity of luminescence bands was complicated but overall the intensity of defect bands was increased with implantation. (C) 2003 American Vacuum Society. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Inst Rare Met, Moscow 119017, Russia. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Pearton, SJ (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM spear@mse.ufl.edu OI Smirnov, Nikolai/0000-0002-4993-0175 NR 29 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD NOV-DEC PY 2003 VL 21 IS 6 BP 2500 EP 2505 DI 10.1116/1.1617283 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 764EL UT WOS:000188193600040 ER PT J AU Hickey, JT Bond, MV Patton, TK Richardson, KA Pugner, PE AF Hickey, JT Bond, MV Patton, TK Richardson, KA Pugner, PE TI Reservoir simulations of synthetic rain floods for the Sacramento and San Joaquin River Basins SO JOURNAL OF WATER RESOURCES PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT-ASCE LA English DT Article DE floodplain studies; reservoirs; simulation models; river basins; California AB In response to the destructive floods of 1983, 1986, 1995, and 1997, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and the Reclamation Board of the State of California are partnering a study to investigate flood damage reduction and ecosystem restoration opportunities in the Sacramento and San Joaquin River Basins, California. This paper continues presentation of Comprehensive Study methods and details the construction and application of basin-wide reservoir models in support of ongoing system analyses. Discussion emphasizes model development, simulation results with a focus on headwater and major terminal reservoirs, and potential improvements to the flood damage reduction system. Conclusions are drawn regarding the influence of reservoirs in flood hydrology, use of HEC-5 software in flood analyses, and the role of this effort in the Comprehensive Study. C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Inst Water Resources, Hydrol Engn Ctr,Water Resource Syst Div, Davis, CA 95616 USA. USACE, Water Mangement Sect, Sacramento Truckee Upper Colorado & Great Basins, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA. US Bur Reclamat, Cent Valley Operat, Sacramento, CA 95821 USA. USACE, Water Management Sect, San Joaquin Unit, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA. RP Hickey, JT (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, Inst Water Resources, Hydrol Engn Ctr,Water Resource Syst Div, 609 2nd St, Davis, CA 95616 USA. NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9496 J9 J WATER RES PL-ASCE JI J. Water Resour. Plan. Manage.-ASCE PD NOV-DEC PY 2003 VL 129 IS 6 BP 443 EP 457 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9496(2003)129:6(443) PG 15 WC Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 733MC UT WOS:000186003400002 ER PT J AU Jiang, HX Lin, JY Hui, RQ Zavada, J AF Jiang, HX Lin, JY Hui, RQ Zavada, J TI III-nitrides show promise for telecom wavelengths SO LASER FOCUS WORLD LA English DT Article ID MULTIPLE-QUANTUM WELLS; BAND-GAP; MU-M; INN AB It is conceivable that the future of III-nitrides for optical communications applications will be as bright as for blue/green and ultraviolet applications. C1 Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. Univ Kansas, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. USA, Res Off, Div Elect, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Jiang, HX (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM jiang@phys.ksu.edu; jylin@phys.ksu.edu; hui@eecs.ukans.edu; john.zavada@us.army.mil RI Lin, Jingyu/A-7276-2011; Jiang, Hongxing/F-3635-2011 OI Lin, Jingyu/0000-0003-1705-2635; Jiang, Hongxing/0000-0001-9892-4292 NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PENNWELL PUBL CO PI NASHUA PA 98 SPIT BROOK RD, NASHUA, NH 03062-2801 USA SN 1043-8092 J9 LASER FOCUS WORLD JI Laser Focus World PD NOV PY 2003 VL 39 IS 11 BP S8 EP S11 PG 4 WC Optics SC Optics GA 748UT UT WOS:000186880000029 ER PT J AU Carter, V Cable, HC Underhill, BA Williams, J Hurd, H AF Carter, V Cable, HC Underhill, BA Williams, J Hurd, H TI Isolation of Plasmodium berghei ookinetes in culture using Nycodenz density gradient columns and magnetic isolation SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID INVITRO FORMATION; IN-VITRO; GAMETOCYTES; FALCIPARUM; PURIFICATION; MOSQUITO AB Background: Large scale in vitro production of the mosquito stages of malaria parasites remains elusive, with only limited success for complete sporogonic development and only one report of development through to infective sporozoites. The initial step in this process is the production, in vitro, of ookinetes from gametocytaemic blood. Methods for isolation of these ookinetes from blood cells have been described; however, in addition to yield often being low, processing time and potential for contamination by erythrocytes remain high. Methods: This study compares two procedures for retaining mature ookinetes from blood stage cultures, whilst removing red blood cells and other contaminants prior to further culture of the parasite. The well established method of isolation on Nycodenz cushions is compared with a novel method utilizing the innate magnetic properties of the haem pigment crystals found in the cytoplasm of ookinetes. Results: Yield and viability of ookinetes were similar with both isolation methods. However, in our hands magnetic isolation produced a cleaner ookinete preparation much more quickly. Moreover, decreasing the flow rate through the magnetic column could further enhance the yield. Conclusion: We recommend the enrichment of an ookinete preparation prior to further culture being performed using the magnetic properties of Plasmodium berghei ookinetes as an alternative to their density. The former technique is faster, removes more erythrocytes, but day-to-day costs are greater. C1 Univ Keele, Sch Life Sci, Keele ST5 5BG, Staffs, England. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Hurd, H (reprint author), Univ Keele, Sch Life Sci, Huxley Bldg, Keele ST5 5BG, Staffs, England. EM bia11@keele.ac.uk; bia31@keele.ac.uk; bia50@keele.ac.uk; Jackie.Williams@na.amed.army.mil; h.hurd@keele.ac.uk NR 12 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 7 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA MIDDLESEX HOUSE, 34-42 CLEVELAND ST, LONDON W1T 4LB, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 2 AR 35 DI 10.1186/1475-2875-2-35 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 761KU UT WOS:000187908600001 ER PT J AU Abdul-Aziz, A Ghosn, LJ Baaklini, G Bhatt, R AF Abdul-Aziz, A Ghosn, LJ Baaklini, G Bhatt, R TI A combined NDT/Finite element technique to study the effects of matrix porosity on the behavior of ceramic matrix composites SO MATERIALS EVALUATION LA English DT Article DE finite element analysis; computed tomography; ceramic matrix composites; stress analysis; nondestructive testing AB Ceramic matrix composites are being considered as candidate materials for high temperature aircraft engine components to replace the current high density metal alloys. Ceramic matrix composites are engineered material composed of coated, two dimensional, woven, high strength fiber tows and melt infiltrated ceramic matrix. Matrix voids are commonly generated during the melt infiltration process. The effects of these matrix voids are usually associated with a reduction in the initial overall composite stiffness and a decrease in the thermal conductivity of the component. Furthermore, the role of the matrix, as well as the coating, is to protect the fibers from the harsh engine environment. Hence, the current design approach is to limit the design stress level of ceramic matrix composite components to always be below the first matrix cracking stress. In this study, the stress concentrations around observed macroscopic matrix voids are calculated using a combined nondestructive testing (NDT)/finite element scheme. Computed tomography is utilized as the NDT technique to characterize the initial macroscopic matrix void's locations and sizes in a ceramic matrix composite tensile test specimen. The finite element is utilized to calculate the localized stress field around these voids, based on the two dimensional computed tomography images. The same specimen was also scanned after tensile testing to a maximum nominal stress of 150 MPa (21756 lb/in.(2)) to depict any growth of the previous observed voids. The computed tomography scans taken after testing depicted an enlargement and some coalescence of the existing voids. C1 Cleveland State Univ, NASA, Dept Civil Engn, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Ohio Aerosp Inst, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Life Predict Branch, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. USA, Aviat Syst Command, NASA, Ceram Branch,Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. RP Abdul-Aziz, A (reprint author), Cleveland State Univ, NASA, Dept Civil Engn, Glenn Res Ctr, 21000 Brookpk Rd,MS 6-1, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. NR 9 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC NON-DESTRUCTIVE TEST PI COLUMBUS PA 1711 ARLINGATE LANE PO BOX 28518, COLUMBUS, OH 43228-0518 USA SN 0025-5327 J9 MATER EVAL JI Mater. Eval. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 61 IS 11 BP 1217 EP 1221 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA 741JX UT WOS:000186455900005 ER PT J AU Wallace, G Conologue, TL Murphy, TJ AF Wallace, G Conologue, TL Murphy, TJ TI Metastatic breast carcinoma mimicking macronodular cirrhosis SO MAYO CLINIC PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Letter ID LIVER; CHEMOTHERAPY; CT C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Wallace, G (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 4 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU MAYO CLINIC PROCEEDINGS PI ROCHESTER PA 660 SIEBENS BLDG MAYO CLINIC, ROCHESTER, MN 55905 USA SN 0025-6196 J9 MAYO CLIN PROC JI Mayo Clin. Proc. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 78 IS 11 BP 1431 EP 1431 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 738TF UT WOS:000186303400019 PM 14601706 ER PT J AU Mazzeo, RS Dubay, A Kirsch, J Braun, B Butterfield, GE Rock, PB Wolfel, EE Zamudio, S Moore, LG AF Mazzeo, RS Dubay, A Kirsch, J Braun, B Butterfield, GE Rock, PB Wolfel, EE Zamudio, S Moore, LG TI Influence of alpha-adrenergic blockade on the catecholamine response to exercise at 4,300 meters SO METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL LA English DT Article ID HIGH-ALTITUDE EXPOSURE; SYMPATHOADRENAL RESPONSES; ADRENOCEPTOR BLOCKADE; WOMEN; ACCLIMATIZATION; ARTERIAL; HUMANS; NOREPINEPHRINE; INTERLEUKIN-6; HYPOXEMIA AB This investigation examined the influence of a-adrenergic blockade on plasma and urinary catecholamine responses to both exercise and high-altitude exposure. Sixteen nonsmoking, eumenorrheic women (age 23.2 +/- 1.4 years, 68.7 +/- 1.0 kg) were studied at sea level and during 12 days of high-altitude exposure (4,300 m). Subjects received either a-blockade (prazosin 3 mg/d) or a placebo in a double-blinded, randomized fashion. Resting plasma and 24-hour urine samples were collected periodically throughout the duration of the study. Further, subjects participated in submaximal exercise tests (50 minutes at 50% sea level maximum oxygen consumption [VO(2)Max]) at Sea level and on days 1 and 12 at altitude. Urinary norepinephrine (NE) excretion rates increased significantly over time at altitude, with blocked subjects having greater values compared to controls. Plasma NE levels increased significantly with chronic altitude exposure compared to sea level and acute hypoxia both at rest and during exercise. NE levels at rest were greater for blocked compared to control subjects during all conditions. Urinary and plasma epinephrine (EPI) levels increased dramatically, with acute altitude exposure returning to sea level values by day 12 of altitude exposure. EPI levels were greater for blocked compared to placebo both at rest and during exercise for all conditions studied. Changes in a-adrenergic activity over time at altitude were associated with select metabolic and physiologic adjustments. The presence of a-blockade significantly affected these responses during chronic altitude exposure. It was concluded that: (1) alpha-adrenergic blockade elicited a potentiated sympathoadrenal response to the stress of both exercise as well as high-altitude exposure, and (2) the sympathetics, via alpha-adrenergic stimulation, contribute to a number of key adaptations associated with acclimatization to high altitude. (C) 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Colorado, Dept Kinesiol & Appl Physiol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Palo Alto VA Hlth Care Syst, Palo Alto, CA USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80202 USA. RP Mazzeo, RS (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Kinesiol & Appl Physiol, Box 354, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. NR 28 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 3 U2 5 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0026-0495 J9 METABOLISM JI Metab.-Clin. Exp. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 52 IS 11 BP 1471 EP 1477 DI 10.1016/S0026-0495(03)00259-2 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 741JQ UT WOS:000186455300017 PM 14624409 ER PT J AU Matrajt, G Taylor, S Flynn, G Brownlee, D Joswiak, D AF Matrajt, G Taylor, S Flynn, G Brownlee, D Joswiak, D TI A nuclear microprobe study of the distribution and concentration of carbon and nitrogen in Murchison and Tagish Lake meteorites, Antarctic micrometeorites, and IDPs: Implications for astrobiology SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID INTERPLANETARY DUST PARTICLES; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; MACROMOLECULAR ORGANIC-MATTER; EARLY EARTH; ISOTOPIC COMPOSITION; ACCRETION RATE; ATMOSPHERIC ENTRY; COSMIC SPHERULES; ORIGIN; DELIVERY AB Using a nuclear microprobe, we measured the carbon and nitrogen concentrations and distributions in several interplanetary dust particles (IDPs) and Antarctic micrometeorites (MMs), and compared them to 2 carbonaceous chondrites: Tagish Lake and Murchison. We observed that IDPs are richest in both elements. All the MMs studied contain carbon, and all but the coarse-grained and I melted MM contained nitrogen. We also observed a correlation in the distribution of carbon and nitrogen, suggesting that they may be held in an organic material. The implications for astrobiology of these results are discussed, as small extraterrestrial particles could have contributed to the origin of life on Earth by delivering important quantities of these 2 bio-elements to the Earth's surface and their gas counterparts, CO2 and N-2, to the early atmosphere. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Lebanon, NH 03766 USA. SUNY Coll Plattsburgh, Dept Phys, Plattsburgh, NY 12901 USA. Univ Paris 11, IAS, F-91405 Orsay, France. Univ Paris 11, CSNSM, F-91405 Orsay, France. RP Matrajt, G (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM graciela.matrajt@ias.u-psud.fr NR 72 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 2 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1086-9379 J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 38 IS 11 BP 1585 EP 1600 PG 16 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 766QG UT WOS:000188386600003 ER PT J AU Peachman, KK Rao, M Alving, CR AF Peachman, KK Rao, M Alving, CR TI Immunization with DNA through the skin SO METHODS LA English DT Article DE stripping; trans-epidermal immunization; gene gun; electroporation; intradermal injection; microseeding ID COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR; ELECTROPORATION IN-VIVO; GENE-TRANSFER; DENDRITIC CELLS; CIRCUMSPOROZOITE PROTEIN; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; PLASMID DNA; TRANSCUTANEOUS IMMUNIZATION; CUTANEOUS TRANSFECTION; CHOLERA-TOXIN AB The skin has evolved as a barrier to prevent external agents, including pathogens, from entering the body. It has a complex and efficient immune surveillance system, which includes Langerhans cells and dendritic cells. By targeting the body's natural defense system, skin-DNA immunization attempts to produce an efficient immune response. Nucleic acid vaccines provide DNA for protein expression in a variety of cells, including keratinocytes, Langerhans cells, and dendritic cells, which are located in the two main areas of the skin, the epidermis (the most superficial layer) and the dermis. After maturation, Langerhans cells and dermal dendritic cells can migrate to local lymph nodes where presentation of antigens to T cells can occur and thus start a variety of immunologic responses. Dermal immunization methods described in this article target the epidermis, the dermis, or both and include: (a) stripping; (b) chemical modification; (c) trans-epidermal immunization (transcutaneous immunization or non-invasive vaccination of the skin); (d) gene gun technology; (e) electroporation; (f) intradermal injections; and (g) microseeding. These techniques all require the removal of hair, the circumvention or modification of the stratum corneum layer of the epidermis, and the addition of DNA or amplification of DNA signal. As the biology of the skin and the mechanisms of DNA vaccination are elucidated, these skin immunization techniques will be optimized. With refinement, skin-DNA immunization will achieve the goal of producing a reliable and efficacious immune response to a variety of pathogens. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Membrane Biochem, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Alving, CR (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Membrane Biochem, 503 Robert Grant Ave,Room 2A24, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 61 TC 76 Z9 81 U1 1 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1046-2023 J9 METHODS JI Methods PD NOV PY 2003 VL 31 IS 3 BP 232 EP 242 DI 10.1016/S1046-2023(03)00137-3 PG 11 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 728QQ UT WOS:000185728200008 PM 14511956 ER PT J AU Aman, MJ Bosio, CM Panchal, RG Burnett, JC Schmaljohn, A Bavari, S AF Aman, MJ Bosio, CM Panchal, RG Burnett, JC Schmaljohn, A Bavari, S TI Molecular mechanisms of filovirus cellular trafficking (vol 5, pg 639, 2003) SO MICROBES AND INFECTION LA English DT Correction C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Biochem & Cell Biol, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. Clin Res Management Inc, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. Natl Canc Inst, SAIC, Target Struct Based Drug Discovery Grp, Dev Therapeut Program, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Bavari, S (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Biochem & Cell Biol, 1425 Porter St, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RI Bosio, Catharine/D-7456-2015 NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1286-4579 J9 MICROBES INFECT JI Microbes Infect. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 5 IS 13 BP 1287 EP 1287 DI 10.1016/j.micinf.2003.08.008 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 745PD UT WOS:000186696300016 ER PT J AU Pierce, JR AF Pierce, JR TI "In the interest of humanity and the cause of science": The Yellow Fever volunteers SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB The scientific discoveries of the U.S. Army Yellow Fever Board of 1900 are well known as are the Army physicians who led the board. Walter Reed, of course, is the best known, but James Carroll, Aristides Agramonte, and Jesse Lazear are also known, if not nationally, to their local communities. This article deals not with the known but with the unknown, meaning the volunteers who subjected themselves to the ravages of yellow fever and the real possibility of death. The year 1900 was known as a "yellow fever year" among the locals in Cuba because in the preceding year the epidemics had been relatively mild. Beginning its work in June 1900 in the midst of a deadly epidemic, the board conducted a truly remarkable set of experiments that set a benchmark for controlled clinical trials and informed consent. Because no animal model was known to be susceptible to yellow fever, they used human volunteers for their experiments. These volunteers were recruited from among Spanish immigrants and were accepted from soldiers and two civilians who volunteered. Over 30 men participated in the experiments, and 22 developed yellow fever. With expected death rates of 20% to 40%, it is incredible that none of these volunteers died. In 1929, the U.S. government honored the Americans who volunteered by placing their names on a Roll of Honor published annually in the Army Register. The successes of the 1900 U.S. Army Yellow Fever Board were truly remarkable, and many of the successes were made possible by the men who volunteered, some repeatedly, to risk their lives "in the interest of humanity and the cause of science". C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Patient Safety Program, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Pierce, JR (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Patient Safety Program, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 17 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 5 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 168 IS 11 BP 857 EP 863 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 755KU UT WOS:000187402700003 PM 14680037 ER PT J AU Chaffin, J Ott, NW Amador, WE AF Chaffin, J Ott, NW Amador, WE TI Public health model for dental specialty MEDRETE SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB Objective: Dental readiness training exercises constitute one form of a specialty medical readiness and training exercise (MEDRETE). Traditional dental missions have been a part of general MEDRETEs and have focused care on extractions and the provision of oral hygiene instructions. This article describes the tenets of a prevention-based dental humanitarian mission to Honduras in 2002. Materials and Methods: The U.S. Army Southern Command requested a Dental Specialty MEDRETE for fiscal year 2002. A site visit revealed the absence of water fluoridation, high levels of dental disease, and a desire to have an American dental team perform the dental readiness training exercises at the Escuala Lempira, a low-income elementary school in the Honduran capital city of Tegucigalpa. Results: The U.S. Army Dental Command in conjunction with the 257th Medical Company (Dental Services) performed a pediatric dental readiness training exercises in Tegucigalpa March 4-15, 2002. In over 9 treatment days, there were 369 patient encounters totaling 1,593 treatment procedures. In keeping with the preventive focus of the mission, 514 dental occlusal sealants were provided compared with only 90 extractions. Over $76,000 in dental services was provided. Conclusions: The 2002 Honduran Dental Specialty MEDRETE represented a changing paradigm from extraction-based dental missions toward prevention-based missions. With this philosophical shift in focused care, Dental Specialty MEDRETEs have the ability to enhance the oral health of children, including those not fortunate enough to have received direct interventional dentistry. C1 USA, Dent Command, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Baumholder Community Dent Clin, APO, AE USA. Joint Task Force Braco, Med Element, Soto Cano Air Force Base, Honduras. RP Chaffin, J (reprint author), USA, Dent Command, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 168 IS 11 BP 885 EP 889 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 755KU UT WOS:000187402700008 PM 14680042 ER PT J AU Zapor, M Kaplan, K Hawkes, C AF Zapor, M Kaplan, K Hawkes, C TI Apparent exacerbation of Hansen's disease despite appropriate antimicrobial therapy SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID LYMPHOCYTE-T SUBSETS; LEPROSY PATIENTS; REVERSAL REACTIONS; REACTIONAL STATES; LESIONS; SKIN AB In 1991, the World Health Organization and its member states resolved to reduce the global prevalence of Hansen's disease (leprosy) by at least 90%. Despite its waning prevalence, however, the disease remains endemic in parts of Africa, Asia, and Latin America. Moreover, imported cases are occasionally encountered in nonendemic areas. This fact, coupled with the current tempo of overseas deployments, makes it imperative that military physicians familiarize themselves with both the presentation and potential complications of Hansen's disease. Here, we present the case of a soldier referred to Walter Reed Army Medical Center for apparent worsening of his disease despite appropriate antibiotic therapy. On evaluation, the patient was diagnosed with reversal reaction, an immune-mediated phenomenon resembling disease exacerbation and requiring prompt intervention to avert lasting sequelae. Following the case presentation, we discuss the clinical manifestations, pathophysiology, and management of reversal reactions as well as the related entity erythema nodosum leprosum. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Zapor, M (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 168 IS 11 BP 893 EP 895 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 755KU UT WOS:000187402700010 PM 14680044 ER PT J AU Pendergrass, TL Moore, JH Gerber, JP AF Pendergrass, TL Moore, JH Gerber, JP TI Postural control after a 2-mile run SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the American-Physical-Therapy-Association CY FEB 23, 2002 CL BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS SP Amer Phys Therapy Assoc ID BIODEX STABILITY SYSTEM; FUNCTIONAL INSTABILITY; HEALTHY-SUBJECTS; DYNAMIC BALANCE; FORCE-PLATFORM; ANKLE JOINT; FATIGUE; PROPRIOCEPTION; LAXITY; RELIABILITY AB Postural control is essential for normal daily activities. It is also a crucial requirement for athletic events and activities. Deterioration in this postural control mechanism is termed postural instability and results in increased postural sway. Decrements in postural sway have been documented following a 15.5-mile run. It remains to be seen whether a shorter distance run will cause a similar decrease in postural control. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the effects of a 2-mile run on postural sway in healthy subjects. Forty-four healthy subjects were assigned to an experimental group (2-mile run) or a control group. Postural sway was measured before and after the run with the Biodex Stability System Overall Stability Index and a clinical balance test called the Military Academy Stance Test. There was a significant before-after run Biodex Stability System Overall Stability Index (p < 0.05) and Military Academy Stance Test index (p < 0.05) increase in the experimental group. There was no significant change for the control group. It was concluded that a 2-mile run does produce a significant increase in postural sway as measured using the Biodex Stability System Overall Stability Index and Military Academy Stance Test. C1 US Mil Acad, Phys Therapy Clin, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Pendergrass, TL (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Phys Therapy Clin, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 44 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 168 IS 11 BP 896 EP 903 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 755KU UT WOS:000187402700011 PM 14680045 ER PT J AU Butler, F O'Connor, K AF Butler, F O'Connor, K TI Antibiotics in Tactical Combat Casualty Care 2002 SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID PENETRATING ABDOMINAL-TRAUMA; THERAPY; FLUOROQUINOLONES; MANAGEMENT; INFECTION; SEPSIS; RISK AB Care of casualties in the tactical combat environment should include the use of prophylactic antibiotics for all open wounds. Cefoxitin was the antibiotic recommended in the 1996 article "Tactical Combat Casualty Care in Special Operations." The present authors recommend that oral gatifloxacin should be the antibiotic of choice because of its ease of carriage and administration, excellent spectrum of action, and relatively mild side effect profile. For those casualties unable to take oral antibiotics because of unconsciousness, penetrating abdominal trauma, or shock, cefotetan is recommended because of its longer duration of action than cefoxitin. C1 Combat Applicat Grp, ABN, Ft Bragg, NC USA. USN Hosp, Detachment Pensacola, Naval Special Warfare Command, Pensacola, FL USA. RP Butler, F (reprint author), Combat Applicat Grp, ABN, Ft Bragg, NC USA. NR 36 TC 28 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 168 IS 11 BP 911 EP 914 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 755KU UT WOS:000187402700013 PM 14680047 ER PT J AU Powell-Dunford, NC Deuster, PA Claybaugh, JR Chapin, MG AF Powell-Dunford, NC Deuster, PA Claybaugh, JR Chapin, MG TI Attitudes and knowledge about continuous oral contraceptive pill use in military women SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the American-Association-of-Family-Practitioners CY OCT 16-20, 2002 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA SP Amer Assoc Family Practitioners ID HORMONE WITHDRAWAL SYMPTOMS; ENDOMETRIOSIS; CYCLE AB Objective: The goal of this study was to determine attitudes toward oral contraceptive pill (OCP)-induced amenorrhea among U.S. Army women. Methods: A volunteer sample (N = 154) of Army Active Duty, Reserve, and National Guard women completed an anonymous survey. Results: Desire for temporary amenorrhea was high with 86% (+/-6%, 95% confidence interval [CI]) and 83% (+/-6%, 95% CI) desiring amenorrhea during field training and deployments, respectively. Fifty-four percent were unaware that OCPs can induce amenorrhea; only 7% (+/-4%, 95% CI) have used this practice during deployment. If made available with education, 49% (+/-8%, 95% CI) would use this practice. Logistic burdens of menstruation were associated with higher rates of desirability for OCP use with soldiers desiring OCPs rating their inconveniences significantly higher than those who did not desire OCPs (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Although a significant number of soldiers desire OCP-induced amenorrhea, a large deficit in knowledge exists. Routine education as an Army-wide standard is warranted. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Family Practice & Emergency Med Serv, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Mil & Emergency Med, Bethesda, MD USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Family Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Powell-Dunford, NC (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Family Practice & Emergency Med Serv, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RI Deuster, Patricia/G-3838-2015 OI Deuster, Patricia/0000-0002-7895-0888 NR 15 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 168 IS 11 BP 922 EP 928 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 755KU UT WOS:000187402700015 PM 14680049 ER PT J AU Amato, MM Blaydon, SM Scribbick, FW Belden, CJ Shore, JW Neuhaus, RW Kelley, PS Holck, DEE AF Amato, MM Blaydon, SM Scribbick, FW Belden, CJ Shore, JW Neuhaus, RW Kelley, PS Holck, DEE TI Use of bioglass for orbital volume augmentation in enophthalmos: A rabbit model (Oryctolagus cuniculus) SO OPHTHALMIC PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY LA English DT Article ID POROUS POLYETHYLENE IMPLANTS; BONE-CEMENT; DEFECTS; HYDROXYLAPATITE; RECONSTRUCTION; FLOOR AB Purpose: To investigate the clinical and histologic response of Novabone-C/M as an osteoproductive alloplastic implant for volume augmentation in the orbit in the treatment of enophthalmos and to compare its outcome alone versus its use in combination with autogenous bone or Medpor granules. Methods: Novabone-C/M, a bioactive silicone glass material, was implanted in the subperiosteal space of the left orbit of 12 New Zealand White rabbits. The animals were divided into 3 groups, each with 4 animals, based on the material implanted in the orbit: group 1, Novabone alone; group 2, Novabone plus Medpor granules; and group 3, Novabone plus autogenous bone fragments. All rabbits were studied clinically, radiographically, and histologically at 1-, 3-, and 6-month intervals. Animals underwent preoperative and postoperative computed tomography (CT) with 3-dimensional reconstruction, proptosis measurements, and volumetric analysis. Orbit specimens were studied histologically with mineralized bone stain (MIBS) to look for bone formation, reactivity, infection, implant resorption, and migration. Results: There were no signs of significant inflammation or infection. Subcutaneous migration of the implant was seen radiographically but not clinically in groups 1 and 3. Induced proptosis averaged 2.5 mm (at 1 month) and showed regression in all groups over a 6-month period but was not statistically significant. Implant volume was markedly reduced in all groups, averaging 69% in group 1, 37% in group 2, and 59% in group 3 at 6 months. New bone formation and bone remodeling was present in all 3 groups at 3 months and only in group 2 at 6 months. The rate and amount of implant remodeling and bone formation was greatest in the Novabone/ Medpor group (group 2). Conclusions: Bioglass particulate is biocompatible, easy to use in the orbit, and stimulates bone growth. Bioglass is associated with volume loss and migration over 6 months and may not provide adequate volume augmentation in the orbit when used alone for the treatment of enophthalmos. The duration and amount of bone formation may be enhanced when Novabone is used in conjunction with Medpor. C1 Texas Oculoplast Consultants, Austin, TX USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Ophthalmol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. USA, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX USA. USA, Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. USA, Sch Med, San Antonio, TX USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ophthalmol Serv, San Antonio, TX USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Ophthalmol, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Amato, MM (reprint author), Chesapeake Eye Care & Laser Ctr, 2002 Med Pkwy,Suite 320, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA. NR 34 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0740-9303 J9 OPHTHAL PLAST RECONS JI Ophthalmic Plast. Reconstr. Surg. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 19 IS 6 BP 455 EP 465 DI 10.1097/01.IOP.0000092795.83665.FD PG 11 WC Ophthalmology; Surgery SC Ophthalmology; Surgery GA 748RY UT WOS:000186875900007 PM 14625492 ER PT J AU Kwon, HS Der, SZ Nasrabadi, NM AF Kwon, HS Der, SZ Nasrabadi, NM TI Adaptive anomaly detection using subspace separation for hyperspectral imagery SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Automatic Target Recognition XIII CY APR 22-24, 2003 CL ORLANDO, FLORIDA SP SPIE DE automatic target recognition; anomaly detection; eigen separation transform; principal component analysis; dual window; hyperspectral images ID DETECTION ALGORITHMS AB We propose adaptive anomaly detectors that find materials whose spectral characteristics are substantially different from those of the neighboring materials. Target spectral vectors are assumed to have different statistical characteristics from the background vectors. We use a dual rectangular window that separates the local area into two regions-the inner window region (IWR) and outer window region (OWR). The statistical spectral differences between the IWR and OWR are exploited by generating subspace projection vectors onto which the IWR and OWR vectors are projected. Anomalies are detected if the projection separation between the IWR and OWR vectors is greater than a predefined threshold. Four different methods are used to produce the subspace projection vectors. The four proposed anomaly detectors are applied to Hyperspectral Digital Imagery Collection Experiment (HYDICE) images and the detection performance for each method is evaluated. (C) 2003 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 USA, Res Lab, ATTN AMSRL SE SE, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Kwon, HS (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, ATTN AMSRL SE SE, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 16 TC 61 Z9 67 U1 1 U2 6 PU SPIE-INT SOCIETY OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 42 IS 11 BP 3342 EP 3351 DI 10.1117/1.1614265 PG 10 WC Optics SC Optics GA 745ZN UT WOS:000186721600042 ER PT J AU DiFurio, MJ Auerbach, A Kaplan, KJ AF DiFurio, MJ Auerbach, A Kaplan, KJ TI Well-differentiated fetal adenocarcinoma: Rare tumor in the pediatric population SO PEDIATRIC AND DEVELOPMENTAL PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE lung cancer; neuroendocrine differentiation; pulmonary blastoma; pulmonary endodermal tumor; well-differentiated fetal adenocarcinoma ID PULMONARY BLASTOMA; LUNG; FEATURES AB Well-differentiated fetal adenocarcinoma (WDFA) is a rare tumor of the lung, which has gone by many names over the years. The lesion was first described by Kradin et al., in 1982, who called it "pulmonary blastoma with argyrophil cells and lacking sarcomatous features (pulmonary endodermal tumor resembling fetal lung)." Since then, there have been at least 65 cases reported in the literature. Although there has been no consensus in the literature as to the best pathological term for this entity, the most recent World Health Organization classification of lung and pleural tumors uses the term well-differentiated fetal adenocarcinoma. Characteristically, this lesion consists of an epithelium, which recapitulates fetal lung at 3-5 months of gestation and demonstrates neuroendocrine differentiation. Although the classic age range is 30-40 years, there have been seven reports of WDFA in the pediatric age. We report an additional pediatric case of this tumor and review the pediatric cases in the existing literature. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP DiFurio, MJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Ward 47,Bldg 2,6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 13 TC 4 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1093-5266 J9 PEDIATR DEVEL PATHOL JI Pediatr. Dev. Pathol. PD NOV-DEC PY 2003 VL 6 IS 6 BP 564 EP 567 DI 10.1007/s10024-003-4046-x PG 4 WC Pathology; Pediatrics SC Pathology; Pediatrics GA 757AK UT WOS:000187526500013 PM 15018457 ER PT J AU Marin, R Williams, A Hale, S Burge, B Mense, M Bauman, R Tortella, F AF Marin, R Williams, A Hale, S Burge, B Mense, M Bauman, R Tortella, F TI The effect of voluntary exercise exposure on histological and neurobehavioral outcomes after ischemic brain injury in the rat SO PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE exercise; recovery; cerebral infarction; forelimb placing; synaptophysin; behavioral deficits; outcome; rat; MCAo ID MIDDLE CEREBRAL-ARTERY; INDUCED MOVEMENT THERAPY; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; ADULT-RATS; NEOCORTICAL INFARCTION; ENRICHED ENVIRONMENT; SENSORIMOTOR CORTEX; BEHAVIORAL RECOVERY; FOREBRAIN ISCHEMIA; HEMIPLEGIC STROKE AB Physical activity can induce neuroplastic adaptations and improve outcomes after cerebral injury. To determine if these outcomes are dependent on the type and timing of physical rehabilitation and the particular outcome/endpoint being tested, we evaluated the effect of voluntary exercise exposure beginning 24 h after cerebral ischemic injury on behavioral, physiological, and histological outcomes. In an observer-blinded fashion, Sprague-Dawley (300 g) male rats were allocated to three groups [sham-exercise (SHAM), stroke-exercise (SE), stroke-no exercise (SNE)] before a 1-h right middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo). Running wheels were used for voluntary exercise. A significant difference was found at I week post-infarction between the SNE and SE, with SNE showing worst neurological scores and higher number of foot faults. In addition, nearly 20% more of the SE animals regained their pre-MCAo weight by 7 days. These differences were not as evident at 2 weeks. No differences were found between the three groups in the paw preference test, wheel activity, and body temperature, as well as between SNE and SE with regards to infarct or hemispheric volumes, body weight, synaptophysin staining, and electroencephalography (EEG) testing. Within-group comparisons showed no relationships between infarct volume and foot faults, neurological scores, or exercise level. We conclude that (1) unlike behavioral outcomes, physiological and histological outcomes may not be influenced by the introduction of voluntary exercise once lesion maturation has occurred at 24 h, and (2) repetitive outcomes testing can obscure findings in rat models of cerebral ischemic injury. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Army, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Army, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Williams, A (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Army, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 66 TC 48 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0031-9384 J9 PHYSIOL BEHAV JI Physiol. Behav. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 80 IS 2-3 BP 167 EP 175 DI 10.1016/j.physbeh.2003.06.001 PG 9 WC Psychology, Biological; Behavioral Sciences SC Psychology; Behavioral Sciences GA 750DT UT WOS:000186976600001 PM 14637213 ER PT J AU Moghimi, SM Szebeni, J AF Moghimi, SM Szebeni, J TI Stealth liposomes and long circulating nanoparticles: critical issues in pharmacokinetics, opsonization and protein-binding properties SO PROGRESS IN LIPID RESEARCH LA English DT Review ID STERICALLY STABILIZED LIPOSOMES; POLYETHYLENE-GLYCOL-LIPOSOMES; ACCELERATED BLOOD CLEARANCE; COMPLEMENT ACTIVATION; POLY(ETHYLENE GLYCOL); PROLONGED CIRCULATION; PHOSPHOLIPASE A(2); BLOCK-COPOLYMERS; PLASMA-PROTEINS; IN-VIVO AB This article critically examines and evaluates the likely mechanisms that contribute to prolonged circulation times of sterically protected nanoparticles and liposomes. It is generally assumed that the macrophage-resistant property of sterically protected particles is due to suppression in surface opsonization and protein adsorption. However, recent evidence shows that sterically stabilized particles are prone to opsonization particularly by the opsonic components of the complement system. We have evaluated these phenomena and discussed theories that reconcile complement activation and opsonization with prolonged circulation times. With respect to particle longevity, the physiological state of macrophages also plays a critical role. For example, stimulated or newly recruited macrophages can recognize and rapidly internalize sterically protected nanoparticles by opsonic-independent mechanisms. These concepts are also examined. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Brighton, Sch Pharm & Biomol Sci, Mol Targeting & Polymer Toxicol Grp, Brighton BN2 4GJ, E Sussex, England. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Membrane Biochem, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Moghimi, SM (reprint author), Univ Brighton, Sch Pharm & Biomol Sci, Mol Targeting & Polymer Toxicol Grp, Brighton BN2 4GJ, E Sussex, England. NR 75 TC 626 Z9 653 U1 9 U2 134 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0163-7827 J9 PROG LIPID RES JI Prog. Lipid Res. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 42 IS 6 BP 463 EP 478 DI 10.1016/S0163-7827(03)00033-X PG 16 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 737CJ UT WOS:000186203800001 PM 14559067 ER PT J AU Johnson, SK Zhang, WH Smith, LA Hywood-Potter, KJ Swanson, ST Schlegel, VL Meagher, MM AF Johnson, SK Zhang, WH Smith, LA Hywood-Potter, KJ Swanson, ST Schlegel, VL Meagher, MM TI Scale-up of the fermentation and purification of the recombinant heavy chain fragment C of botulinum neurotoxin serotype F, expressed in Pichia pastoris SO PROTEIN EXPRESSION AND PURIFICATION LA English DT Article ID NEUROTRANSMITTER RELEASE; PROTEOLYTIC CLEAVAGE; NERVE-TERMINALS; FORMS CHANNELS; TETANUS TOXIN; A NEUROTOXIN; B NEUROTOXIN; MOTOR NERVES; PROTEIN; IDENTIFICATION AB A recombinant heavy chain fragment C of botulinum neurotoxin serotype F (BoNTF(Hc)) has been expressed in Pichia pastoris for use as an antigen in a proposed human vaccine. P. pastoris cells were grown using glycerol batch, glycerol fed-batch, and methanol fed-batch methods to achieve high cell densities. The total cellular protein recovered after homogenization was 72 mg/g of cell paste. BoNTF(Hc) was purified from soluble Pichia cell lysate employing ion-exchange chromatographic (IEC) and hydrophobic interaction chromatographic (HIC) methods developed at the bench scale using 10-100 mL columns. The process was performed at the pilot scale using 1-4 L columns for evaluation of scale up. The purification process resulted in greater than 98% pure product consisting of at least three forms of BoNTF(Hc) based on mass spectrometry and yielded up to 205 mg/kg cells at the bench scale and 170 mg/kg cells at the pilot scale. Full-length BoNTF(Hc) is present based on mass spectrometry and SDS-PAGE, however is postulated to be N-terminally blocked by acetylation. N-terminal sequencing showed that two of the three forms are missing the first 11 (80%) and 14 (20%) amino acids of the N-terminus from the full-length form. The ratios of the two clipped forms were consistent from the bench to pilot scales. Purified BoNTF(Hc) at the pilot scale was found to sufficiently protect mice against a high dose of BoNTF neurotoxin. (C) 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. USA, Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Toxinol & Aerobiol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Univ Nebraska, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. Univ Nebraska, Dept Chem Engn, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. RP Meagher, MM (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. NR 30 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1046-5928 J9 PROTEIN EXPRES PURIF JI Protein Expr. Purif. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 32 IS 1 BP 1 EP 9 DI 10.1016/j.pep.2003.07.003 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 742DY UT WOS:000186502100001 PM 14680933 ER PT J AU Armstrong, SC Cozza, KL AF Armstrong, SC Cozza, KL TI Pharmacokinetic drug interactions of morphine, codeine, and their derivatives: Theory and clinical reality, part II SO PSYCHOSOMATICS LA English DT Article ID CYTOCHROME-P450 2D6; POSTOPERATIVE PAIN; POOR METABOLIZERS; ABUSE LIABILITY; DIHYDROCODEINE; OXYCODONE; ANALGESIA; INHIBITION; DIHYDROMORPHINE; HYDROCODONE AB Pharinacokinetic drug-drug interactions with codeine, dihydrocodeine, hydrocodone, oxycodone, and buprenorphine are reviewed in this column. These compounds have a very similar chemical structure to morphine. Unlike morphine, which is metabolized chiefly through conjugation reactions with uridine diphosphate glucuronosyl transferase (UGT) enzymes, these five drugs are metabolized both through oxidative reactions by the cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzyme and conjugation by UGT enzymes. There is controversy as to whether codeine, dihydrocodeine, and hydrocodone are actually prodrugs requiring activation by the CYP450 2D6 enzyme or UGT enzymes. Oxycodone and buprenorphine, however are clearly not prodrugs and are metabolized by the CYP450 2D6 and 3A4 enzymes, respectively. Knowledge of this metabolism assists in the understanding for the potential of drug-drug interactions with these drugs. This understanding is important so that clinicians can choose the proper dosages for analgesia and anticipate potential drug-drug interactions. C1 Tual Forest Grove Hosp, Ctr Geriatr Psychiat, Forest Grove, OR 97116 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Infect Dis Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Portland, OR 97201 USA. RP Armstrong, SC (reprint author), Tual Forest Grove Hosp, Ctr Geriatr Psychiat, 1809 Maple St, Forest Grove, OR 97116 USA. NR 34 TC 57 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PRESS, INC PI ARLINGTON PA 1000 WILSON BOULEVARD, STE 1825, ARLINGTON, VA 22209-3901 USA SN 0033-3182 J9 PSYCHOSOMATICS JI Psychosomatics PD NOV-DEC PY 2003 VL 44 IS 6 BP 515 EP 520 DI 10.1176/appi.psy.44.6.515 PG 6 WC Psychiatry; Psychology SC Psychiatry; Psychology GA 738HH UT WOS:000186280800011 PM 14597688 ER PT J AU Murphey, MD Jaovisidha, SW Temple, HT Gannon, FH Jelinek, JS Malawer, MM AF Murphey, MD Jaovisidha, SW Temple, HT Gannon, FH Jelinek, JS Malawer, MM TI Telangiectatic osteosarcoma: Radiologic-pathologic comparison SO RADIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE bone neoplasms, CT; bone neoplasms, MR; osteosarcoma ID ANEURYSMAL BONE-CYST; OSTEOGENIC-SARCOMA; CHEMOTHERAPY; EXTREMITIES; FEATURES; FEMUR AB PURPOSE: To describe the imaging characteristics of a large series of telangiectatic osteosarcomas with pathologic findings for comparison. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The authors retrospectively reviewed 40 pathologically confirmed telangiectatic osteosarcomas. Patient demographics and images from radiography (n = 36), bone scintigraphy (n = 17), angiography (n = 4), computed tomography (CT) (n = 25), and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging (n = 27) were evaluated by three authors in consensus for lesion location, size, and intrinsic characteristics. There were 27 men (68%) and 13 women (32%) in the study, with an age range of 4-83 years (mean age, 24 years). RESULTS: Lesions frequently affected the femur, tibia, and humerus. Radiographs showed geographic bone lysis, a wide zone of transition, and matrix mineralization. CT demonstrated low attenuation, MR demonstrated high signal intensity on T2-weighted images, and both demonstrated hemorrhage, which simulated the appearance of aneurysmal bone cyst. Viable sarcomatous tissue surrounding hemorrhagic and/or necrotic regions was best seen at contrast material-enhanced CT and MR imaging, with thick peripheral, septal, and nodular enhancement in all cases. Subtle matrix mineralization in this viable tissue was best seen at CT. An associated soft-tissue mass was also seen in 19 of 25 cases (76%) at CT and in 24 of 27 cases (89%) at MR imaging. CONCLUSION: CT and MR imaging findings of telangiectatic osteosarcoma often include thick nodular tissue (and matrix mineralization at CT) in a largely hemorrhagic and/or necrotic osseous lesion with an associated soft-tissue mass, which allows distinction from aneurysmal bone cyst. C1 Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Radiol Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Orthoped Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Radiol & Nucl Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Mahidol Univ, Ramathibodi Hosp, Dept Radiol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Univ Maryland, Ctr Med, Dept Radiol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Orthoped Serv, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Washington Hosp Ctr, Inst Canc, Washington, DC 20010 USA. RP Murphey, MD (reprint author), Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Radiol Pathol, 6825 16th St Nw,Bldg 54,Rm M127A, Washington, DC 20306 USA. NR 30 TC 48 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 1 PU RADIOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMERICA PI OAK BROOK PA 820 JORIE BLVD, OAK BROOK, IL 60523 USA SN 0033-8419 J9 RADIOLOGY JI Radiology PD NOV PY 2003 VL 229 IS 2 BP 545 EP 553 DI 10.1148/radiol.2292021130 PG 9 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 736KJ UT WOS:000186169700037 PM 14512511 ER PT J AU Fitzhugh, RD Driscoll, CT Groffman, PM Tierney, GL Fahey, TJ Hardy, JP AF Fitzhugh, RD Driscoll, CT Groffman, PM Tierney, GL Fahey, TJ Hardy, JP TI Soil freezing and the acid-base chemistry of soil solutions in a northern hardwood forest SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID DISSOLVED ORGANIC-CARBON; EPISODIC ACIDIFICATION; SNOWMELT RUNOFF; SURFACE WATERS; UNITED-STATES; DYNAMICS; NITRATE; NITROGEN; CATIONS; ALUMINUM AB Reductions in the depth and duration of snow cover under a warmer climate may cause soil freezing events to become more frequent, severe, and spatially extensive in northern temperate forest ecosystems. In this experiment, snow cover was manipulated to simulate the late development of snowpack and to induce soil freezing at sugar maple (Acer saccharum) and yellow birch (Betula alleghaniensis) stands at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest (HBEF) in the White Mountains of New Hampshire. The objective of this manipulation was to elucidate the effects of soil freezing on the concentrations and fluxes of soil solution H+, Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, and Na+, as well as values of acid neutralizing capacity (ANC). Mild soil freezing events (soil temperatures never decreased below -5degreesC) resulted in pronounced acidification of soil solutions, driven primarily by nitrification, in the forest floor of sugar maple stands during the growing season. This mobilization of NO3- from the forest floor of maple stands was accompanied by the leaching of Ca2+ and Mg2+ in Oa horizon solutions. Responses of soil solution acid-base chemistry to soil freezing were not evident in yellow birch stands or in the Bs horizon of either vegetation type, emphasizing the importance of vegetation type and the mineral soil in determining the effects of climatic disturbance on drainage water chemistry and nutrient loss. These results suggest that models of soil biogeochemistry in temperate forest ecosystems should consider soil-freezing events when simulating the acid-base chemistry of soil solutions and the translocation of nutrient base cations between soil horizons. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Syracuse Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. Inst Ecosyst Studies, Millbrook, NY 12545 USA. Cornell Univ, Dept Nat Resources, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, 505 S Goodwin Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM fitzhugh@life.uiuc.edu RI Driscoll, Charles/F-9832-2014; OI Driscoll, Charles/0000-0003-2692-2890 NR 61 TC 22 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 11 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 EI 1435-0661 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD NOV-DEC PY 2003 VL 67 IS 6 BP 1897 EP 1908 PG 12 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 741GN UT WOS:000186450500031 ER PT J AU Jensen, JO AF Jensen, JO TI Vibrational frequencies and structure determination of silylgermane SO SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE vibrations; normal mode frequencies; infrared spectra; Raman spectra; silylgermane ID BOND-DISSOCIATION ENERGIES; INFRARED-SPECTRA; ROTATIONAL BARRIERS; DIGERMANYL HALIDES; LASER RAMAN; GERMYLSILANE; GERMANIUM; PHOTOCHEMISTRY; HYDRIDES; DENSITY AB The normal mode frequencies and corresponding vibrational assignments of silylgermane are examined theoretically using the GAUSSIAN 98 set of quantum chemistry codes. All normal modes were successfully assigned to one of seven types of motion predicted by a group theoretical analysis (Si-H stretch, Ge-H stretch, Si-Ge stretch, H-Si-H bend, H-Ge-H bend, SiH3 wag/GeH3 wag and Si-Ge torsion) utilizing the C-3upsilon symmetry of the molecule. Predicted infrared and Raman intensities are presented. Molecular orbitals are presented and bonding is examined in terms of the molecular orbitals. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB, RRT,DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Jensen, JO (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB, RRT,DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 55 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1386-1425 J9 SPECTROCHIM ACTA A JI Spectroc. Acta Pt. A-Molec. Biomolec. Spectr. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 59 IS 13 BP 3093 EP 3102 DI 10.1016/S1386-1425(03)00119-7 PG 10 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA 743AV UT WOS:000186551000018 PM 14583284 ER PT J AU Leitman, SF Browning, JN Yau, YU Mason, G Klein, HG Conry-Cantilena, C Bolan, CD AF Leitman, SF Browning, JN Yau, YU Mason, G Klein, HG Conry-Cantilena, C Bolan, CD TI Hemochromatosis subjects as allogeneic blood donors: a prospective study SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Article ID HEREDITARY HEMOCHROMATOSIS; PHLEBOTOMY THERAPY; CLINICAL CONSEQUENCES; IRON OVERLOAD; DONATION; HOMOZYGOTES; MANAGEMENT; PROBANDS; MUTATION; GENE AB BACKGROUND: Persons with hemochromatosis constitute a plentiful and willing source of blood for transfusion. A program was established and evaluated for treating persons with hemochromatosis in a donor center and making their blood available for transfusion. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Phlebotomy therapy was performed free of charge regardless of whether subjects met criteria for allogeneic donation. A Hb level of 12.5 g per dL was used as the threshold for performing phlebotomy, and decreases in the MCV were used to guide the endpoints of therapy. RESULTS: A total of 130 subjects were consecutively enrolled: 74 percent were homozygous for the C282Y mutation in the HFE gene, 76 percent met eligibility criteria for allogeneic donation, and 55 percent were previous blood donors. A median of 20 weekly or biweekly phlebotomies (range, 7-99) were performed before the MCV reached the targeted endpoint of 3 percent below baseline, at which time the ferritin level was less than 30 mug per L and the transferrin saturation was less than 30 percent. The median phlebotomy interval necessary to keep the MCV at this level during maintenance therapy was 10 weeks. No incident seroconversions for agents of transfusion-transmissible disease occurred during 1402 donations. All subjects testing positive for viral agents gave a prior history of deferrable risk. Twenty-seven months after starting the program, hemochromatosis donors were contributing 14 percent of the RBC units collected for allogeneic use. CONCLUSIONS: Hemochromatosis subjects can safely and significantly augment the allogeneic blood supply. Provision of phlebotomy therapy unrestricted by considerations of cost or suitability for donation can improve access to care and remove incentives for incomplete risk disclosure. C1 NIH, Dept Transfus Med, Warren Grant Magnuson Clin Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Leitman, SF (reprint author), NIH, Dept Transfus Med, Warren Grant Magnuson Clin Ctr, Bldg 10,Room 1C-711, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NR 27 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC BLOOD BANKS PI BETHESDA PA 8101 GLENBROOK RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2749 USA SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD NOV PY 2003 VL 43 IS 11 BP 1538 EP 1544 DI 10.1046/j.1537-2995.2003.00570.x PG 7 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 737TG UT WOS:000186247400007 PM 14617312 ER PT J AU Shi, YJ Wooh, SC Orwat, M AF Shi, YJ Wooh, SC Orwat, M TI Laser-ultrasonic generation of Lamb waves in the reaction force range SO ULTRASONICS LA English DT Article DE laser-ultrasound; Lamb wave; integral transform method; mode excitation; ablation ID LINE SOURCE; RAYLEIGH-WAVES; ELASTIC-WAVES; SOURCE REPRESENTATION; TRANSIENT GENERATION; QUANTITATIVE THEORY; MATERIAL ABLATION; ACOUSTIC-WAVES; POINT-SOURCE; WET SURFACE AB The Laser-ultrasonic generation of Lamb waves in an elastic plate is investigated theoretically and experimentally for a laser source whose intensity is high enough to create reaction forces (normal tractions) on the illuminated surface of the specimen. The analytical solutions for transient waves are derived using the integral transform method first by considering an arbitrary source shape and time excitation function, and then specifically for circular and line source shapes. The simulation study allows us not only to predict the behavior of individual wave modes but also to construct the overall responses; thus it helps us better understand the wave excitation mechanisms. The dispersive and multi-modal nature of laser-generated Lamb waves is presented by showing the spatiotemporal Fourier transform of displacements obtained by the simulation study. The transform, displayed in the frequency-wave number domain, enunciates the characteristics of the propagating individual Lamb wave modes. The simulation results are then compared with the 2-D Fourier transform of a set of experimental data obtained by scanning an aluminum plate specimen. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 MIT, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Civil Engn & Mech, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Wooh, SC (reprint author), MIT, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Room 1-272,77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. NR 34 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0041-624X J9 ULTRASONICS JI Ultrasonics PD NOV PY 2003 VL 41 IS 8 BP 623 EP 633 DI 10.1016/S0041-624X(03)00178-1 PG 11 WC Acoustics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Acoustics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 747FT UT WOS:000186795100004 PM 14585474 ER PT J AU Moul, JW Sun, L Wu, HY McLeod, DG Amling, C Lance, R Foley, J Sexton, W Kusuda, L Chung, A Soderdahl, D Donahue, T AF Moul, JW Sun, L Wu, HY McLeod, DG Amling, C Lance, R Foley, J Sexton, W Kusuda, L Chung, A Soderdahl, D Donahue, T TI Factors associated with blood loss during radical prostatectomy for localized prostate cancer in the prostate-specific antigen (PSA)-era: an overview of the department of defense (DOD) Center for Prostate Disease Research (CPDR) National Database SO UROLOGIC ONCOLOGY-SEMINARS AND ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS LA English DT Article DE prostate cancer; radical prostatectomy; blood; transfusion ID RETROPUBIC PROSTATECTOMY; DONATION; TRENDS; PERINEAL; OUTCOMES AB Radical Prostatectomy (RP) has been traditionally associated with significant operative blood loss and high risk of transfusion. However, over the last few years, centers of excellence have reported less bleeding and transfusion. To verify and document changes in the epidemiology of bleeding and transfusion of men electing RP, we undertook an analysis of such cases in the Department of Defense (DoD) Center for Prostate Disease Research (CPDR) Multicenter Research Database. Using the Department of Defense Center for Prostate Disease Research (CPDR) Multicenter National Research Database, a query of all RPs performed between January 1, 1985 and December 31, 2000 was conducted revealing 2918 cases with blood-loss data available for analysis from nine hospital sites. These cases were analyzed over time (calendar year) and changes in the characteristics of the patients, disease severity, and surgical results were compared with estimated blood loss (EBL) and transfusion data. Among the 2918 evaluable men, 2399 (82%) underwent a retropubic RP, 97% had clinical T1-2 disease, and 77% had a PSA level less than or equal to10.0 ng/mL. Overall median operation time was 3.8 h, and EBL was 1000 cc. Examining trends over time, there was a dramatic decline in median operative time, EBL, and transfusion rate. In multiple linear regression analysis, operative time, operative approach, surgery year, lymphadenectomy status, and neoadjuvant hormonal therapy were significant predictor of EBL. Blood loss difference between retropubic and perineal RP became insignificant in the latter years. Radical prostatectomy is being performed more commonly on men with earlier stage disease in the PSA-Era. The operation is now performed more rapidly with less blood loss and fewer transfusion requirements. In a broad practice experience represented here, autologous blood donation would appear to be unnecessary for the majority of men and the blood loss advantage traditionally associated with perineal RP is no longer evident. (C) 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Urol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, CPDR, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. San Diego Naval Med Ctr, Dept Urol, San Diego, CA USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Urol Serv, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Urol Serv, San Antonio, TX USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Urol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Portsmouth Naval Med Ctr, Dept Urol, Portsmouth, VA USA. Malcolm Grow AF Med Ctr, Dept Urol, Andrews AFB, MD USA. Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Urol Serv, Augusta, GA USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Urol, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Moul, JW (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Urol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM JMOUL@CPDR.ORG NR 20 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1078-1439 J9 UROL ONCOL-SEMIN O I JI Urol. Oncol.-Semin. Orig. Investig. PD NOV-DEC PY 2003 VL 21 IS 6 BP 447 EP 455 DI 10.1016/S1078-1439(03)00056-5 PG 9 WC Oncology; Urology & Nephrology SC Oncology; Urology & Nephrology GA 757YR UT WOS:000187606100005 PM 14693271 ER PT J AU Biddle, TD AF Biddle, TD TI How effective is strategic bombing? Lessons learned from World War II to Kosovo. SO WAR IN HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, War Coll, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Biddle, TD (reprint author), USA, War Coll, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ARNOLD, HODDER HEADLINE PLC PI LONDON PA 338 EUSTON ROAD, LONDON NW1 3BH, ENGLAND SN 0968-3445 J9 WAR HIST JI War Hist. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 10 IS 4 BP 500 EP 502 DI 10.1177/096834450301000416 PG 3 WC History; International Relations SC History; International Relations GA 726DX UT WOS:000185584200016 ER PT J AU Kiesling, EC AF Kiesling, EC TI War and gender. SO WAR IN HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Kiesling, EC (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ARNOLD, HODDER HEADLINE PLC PI LONDON PA 338 EUSTON ROAD, LONDON NW1 3BH, ENGLAND SN 0968-3445 J9 WAR HIST JI War Hist. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 10 IS 4 BP 502 EP 504 DI 10.1177/096834450301000417 PG 3 WC History; International Relations SC History; International Relations GA 726DX UT WOS:000185584200017 ER PT J AU Wu, CF Valdes, JJ Bentley, WE Sekowski, JW AF Wu, CF Valdes, JJ Bentley, WE Sekowski, JW TI DNA microarray for discrimination between pathogenic O157 : H7 EDL933 and non-pathogenic Escherichia coli strains SO BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE microarray; Escherichia coli; O157; K12; pathogen identification ID HEMOLYTIC-UREMIC SYNDROME; SEROTYPE O157-H7; GENE-EXPRESSION; IDENTIFICATION; OUTBREAK; SEQUENCE AB The primary technique currently used to detect biological agents is based oil immunoassays. Although sensitive and specific, currently employed immunoassays generally rely on the detection of a single epitope, and therefore often cannot discriminate subtle strain-specific differences. Since DNA inicroarrays can hybridize hundreds to thousands of genomic targets simultaneously and do not rely on phenotypic expression of these genetic features for identification purposes, they have enormous potential to provide inexpensive. flexible and specific strain-specific detection and identification of pathogens. In this study, pathogenic Escherichia coli O157:H7-specific genes. non-pathogenic K12-specific genes, common E coli genes, and negative control genes were polymerase chain reaction-amplified and spotted onto the surface of treated glass slides. After labeled bacterial cDNA samples were hybridized with probes on the microarray, specific fluorescence patterns were obtained, enabling identification of pathogenic E coli O15:H7 and non-pathogenic E. coli K12. To test the utility of this microarray device to detect genetically engineered bacteria, E coli BL21 (a B strain derivative with antibiotic resistance gene, amp(R)) and E. coli JM107 (a K12 strain derivative lacking the gene omp(T)) were also emploved. The array Successfully confirmed the strain genotypes and demonstrated that antibiotic resistance can also be detected. The ability to assess Multiple data points makes this array method more efficient and accurate than a typical immunoassay, which detects a single protein product. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Chem Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Sekowski, JW (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM jennifer.sekowski@sbccom.apgea.army.mil OI Sekowski, Jennifer/0000-0003-4561-640X NR 28 TC 29 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY PI OXFORD PA OXFORD FULFILLMENT CENTRE THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0956-5663 J9 BIOSENS BIOELECTRON JI Biosens. Bioelectron. PD OCT 30 PY 2003 VL 19 IS 1 BP 1 EP 8 DI 10.1016/S0956-5663(03)00118-0 PG 8 WC Biophysics; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Biophysics; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 737PY UT WOS:000186242000001 PM 14558993 ER PT J AU Isenbarger, DW Kent, SM O'Malley, PG AF Isenbarger, DW Kent, SM O'Malley, PG TI Acetylcysteine prevents contrast nephropathy: Meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 76th Annual Scientific Session of the American-Heart-Association CY NOV 07-12, 2003 CL ORLANDO, FLORIDA SP Amer Heart Assoc C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD OCT 28 PY 2003 VL 108 IS 17 SU S MA 2110 BP 459 EP 459 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 739RQ UT WOS:000186360602167 ER PT J AU Singh, S Singh, BN Reda, DJ Tang, CX Fye, CL Fletcher, RD Sharma, SC Atwood, E Jacobson, A Lewis, D Lopez, B Ezekowitz, MD AF Singh, S Singh, BN Reda, DJ Tang, CX Fye, CL Fletcher, RD Sharma, SC Atwood, E Jacobson, A Lewis, D Lopez, B Ezekowitz, MD CA SAFE-T Investigators TI The effects of amiodarone versus sotalol versus placebo on quality of life measurements and exercise duration in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 76th Annual Scientific Session of the American-Heart-Association CY NOV 07-12, 2003 CL ORLANDO, FLORIDA SP Amer Heart Assoc C1 VA Med Ctr, Washington, DC USA. VAMC, Los Angeles, CA USA. VAMC, Chicago, IL USA. VAMC, Albuquerque, NM USA. VA Med Ctr, Providence, RI USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. VA Med Ctr, Loma Linda, CA USA. VA Med Ctr, Kansas City, MO USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD OCT 28 PY 2003 VL 108 IS 17 SU S MA 2320 BP 509 EP 509 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 739RQ UT WOS:000186360602377 ER PT J AU Lee, JK Grace, KA Foster, TG Truong, PQ Sun, HH Yang, HJ Erowele, GI Szkutnik, AJ Sullenberger, LE Taylor, AJ AF Lee, JK Grace, KA Foster, TG Truong, PQ Sun, HH Yang, HJ Erowele, GI Szkutnik, AJ Sullenberger, LE Taylor, AJ TI How should we measure medication adherence in clinical trials and practice? SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 76th Annual Scientific Session of the American-Heart-Association CY NOV 07-12, 2003 CL ORLANDO, FLORIDA SP Amer Heart Assoc C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD OCT 28 PY 2003 VL 108 IS 17 SU S MA 2955 BP 650 EP 650 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 739RQ UT WOS:000186360603006 ER PT J AU Taylor, AJ Bindeman, J Bhattarai, S Tan, C Feuerstein, I O'Malley, PG AF Taylor, AJ Bindeman, J Bhattarai, S Tan, C Feuerstein, I O'Malley, PG TI Family history of premature coronary heart disease and coronary disease risk: Do second degree relatives "Count"? SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 76th Annual Scientific Session of the American-Heart-Association CY NOV 07-12, 2003 CL ORLANDO, FLORIDA SP Amer Heart Assoc C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD OCT 28 PY 2003 VL 108 IS 17 SU S MA 3276 BP 725 EP 725 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 739RQ UT WOS:000186360603326 ER PT J AU Liu, LM Dubick, MA AF Liu, LM Dubick, MA TI Hemorrhage-induced vascular hyporeactivity and gene expression of nitric oxide synthase, endothelin-1 and cytokines in select organs. SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 76th Annual Scientific Session of the American-Heart-Association CY NOV 07-12, 2003 CL ORLANDO, FLORIDA SP Amer Heart Assoc C1 Third Mil Med Univ, Chongqing, Peoples R China. USA, Inst Surg Res, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD OCT 28 PY 2003 VL 108 IS 17 SU S BP A1030 EP A1030 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 739RQ UT WOS:000186360603608 ER PT J AU Yershov, AL Dubick, MA Ward, JA Convertino, VA Hinds, D Duke, JH Holcomb, JB AF Yershov, AL Dubick, MA Ward, JA Convertino, VA Hinds, D Duke, JH Holcomb, JB TI Do radial, carotid and femoral pulses reflect arterial blood pressure and clinical outcome of trauma patients? SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 76th Annual Scientific Session of the American-Heart-Association CY NOV 07-12, 2003 CL ORLANDO, FLORIDA SP Amer Heart Assoc C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, San Antonio, TX USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Texas, Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD OCT 28 PY 2003 VL 108 IS 17 SU S BP A1038 EP A1038 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 739RQ UT WOS:000186360603650 ER PT J AU Yount, B Curtis, KM Fritz, EA Hensley, LE Jahrling, PB Prentice, E Denison, MR Geisbert, TW Baric, RS AF Yount, B Curtis, KM Fritz, EA Hensley, LE Jahrling, PB Prentice, E Denison, MR Geisbert, TW Baric, RS TI Reverse genetics with a full-length infectious cDNA of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID TRANSMISSIBLE GASTROENTERITIS VIRUS; MOUSE HEPATITIS-VIRUS; MURINE CORONAVIRUS; BRONCHITIS VIRUS; SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; SARS-CORONAVIRUS; GENOME SEQUENCE; VACCINIA VIRUS; HONG-KONG; IN-VITRO AB A previously undescribed coronavirus (CoV) is the etiologic agent responsible for severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). Using a panel of contiguous cDNAs that span the entire genome, we have assembled a full-length cDNA of the SARS-CoV Urbani strain, and have rescued molecularly cloned SARS viruses (infectious clone SARS-CoV) that contained the expected marker mutations inserted into the component clones. Recombinant viruses replicated as efficiently as WT virus and both were inhibited by treatment with the cysteine proteinase inhibitor (2S,3S)-transepoxysuccinyl-L-leucylamido-3-methylbutane ethyl ester. In addition, subgenomic transcripts were initiated from the consensus sequence ACGAAC in both the WT and infectious clone SARS-CoV. Availability of a SARS-CoV full-length cDNA provides a template for manipulation of the viral genome, allowing for the rapid and rational development and testing of candidate vaccines and therapeutics against this important human pathogen. C1 Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. Univ N Carolina, Dept Microbiol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. Univ N Carolina, Dept Immunol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. Univ N Carolina, Carolina Vaccine Inst, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Elizabeth B Lamb Ctr Pediat Res, Dept Pediat, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Elizabeth B Lamb Ctr Pediat Res, Dept Microbiol, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Elizabeth B Lamb Ctr Pediat Res, Dept Immunol, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. RP Baric, RS (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI023946, AI 26603, R01 AI026603, AI 23946]; NIGMS NIH HHS [R01 GM063228, GM 63228] NR 44 TC 188 Z9 208 U1 0 U2 3 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD OCT 28 PY 2003 VL 100 IS 22 BP 12995 EP 13000 DI 10.1073/pnas.1735582100 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 738RF UT WOS:000186301100088 PM 14569023 ER PT J AU Abbott, KC Bakris, GL AF Abbott, KC Bakris, GL TI Kidney failure and cardiovascular disease SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Article ID OUTCOMES C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Rush Univ, Hypertens Clin Res Ctr, Dept Prevent Med, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. RP Bakris, GL (reprint author), 1700 W Van Buren St,Suite 470, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. NR 7 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD OCT 21 PY 2003 VL 108 IS 16 BP E114 EP E115 DI 10.1161/01.CIR.0000097492.23343.A4 PG 2 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 734KT UT WOS:000186055600020 PM 14568888 ER PT J AU Hahn, DW Miziolek, AW Palleschi, V AF Hahn, DW Miziolek, AW Palleschi, V TI Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy: an introduction to the feature issue SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Univ Florida, Dept Mech Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, WM,BD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Inst Atom & Mol Phys, I-56124 Pisa, Italy. RP Hahn, DW (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Mech Engn, Box 116300, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RI Palleschi, Vincenzo/A-3913-2012 OI Palleschi, Vincenzo/0000-0002-6377-7656 NR 0 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 5 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD OCT 20 PY 2003 VL 42 IS 30 BP 5937 EP 5937 DI 10.1364/AO.42.005937 PG 1 WC Optics SC Optics GA 733KV UT WOS:000186000200001 PM 14594049 ER PT J AU Babushok, VI DeLucia, FC Dagdigian, PJ Nusca, MJ Miziolek, AW AF Babushok, VI DeLucia, FC Dagdigian, PJ Nusca, MJ Miziolek, AW TI Kinetic modeling of the laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy plume from metallic lead SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) CY 2002 CL ORLANDO, FL ID PLASMA EXPANSION; HIGH-TEMPERATURE; AIR; NITROGEN; IONIZATION; COMBUSTION; CHEMISTRY; ABLATION; ATOMS; FIELD AB We report initial results of a study aimed toward developing a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model to simulate the laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) plume for the purpose of understanding the physical and chemical factors that control the LIBS signature. The kinetic model developed for modeling studies of the LIBS plume from metallic lead includes a set of air reactions and ion chemistry as well as the oxidization, excitation, and ionization of lead atoms. At total of 38 chemical species and 220 reactions are included in the model. Experimental measurements of the spatial and temporal dependence of a number of lead emission lines have been made of the LIBS plume from metallic lead. The mechanism of generation of excited Pb states in the LIBS plume is analyzed through kinetic modeling and sensitivity analysis. Initial CFD model results for the LIBS plume are presented. (C) 2003 Optical Society of America. C1 Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, WM,BD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Chem, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP Babushok, VI (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. EM pjdagdigian@jhu.edu RI De Lucia, Frank/D-5630-2012 NR 50 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 8 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD OCT 20 PY 2003 VL 42 IS 30 BP 5947 EP 5962 DI 10.1364/AO.42.005947 PG 16 WC Optics SC Optics GA 733KV UT WOS:000186000200003 PM 14594051 ER PT J AU De Lucia, FC Harmon, RS McNesby, KL Winkel, RJ Miziolek, AW AF De Lucia, FC Harmon, RS McNesby, KL Winkel, RJ Miziolek, AW TI Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy analysis of energetic materials SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) CY 2002 CL ORLANDO, FL ID QUANTITATIVE-ANALYSIS AB A number of energetic materials and explosives have been studied by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). They include black powder, neat explosives such as TNT, PETN, HMX, and RDX (in various forms), propellants such as M43 and JA2, and military explosives such as C4 and LX-14. Each of these materials gives a unique spectrum, and generally the spectra are reproducible shot to shot. We observed that the laser-produced microplasma did not initiate any of the energetic materials studied. Extensive studies of black powder and its ingredients by use of a reference spectral library have demonstrated excellent accuracy for unknown identification. Finally, we observed that these nitrogen-and oxygen-rich materials yield LIBS spectra in air that have correspondingly different O:N peak ratios compared with air. This difference can help in the detection and identification of such energetic materials. (C) 2003 Optical Society of America. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL WM BD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP De Lucia, FC (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL WM BD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM fdelucia@arl.army.mil RI De Lucia, Frank/D-5630-2012 NR 9 TC 126 Z9 126 U1 6 U2 26 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD OCT 20 PY 2003 VL 42 IS 30 BP 6148 EP 6152 DI 10.1364/AO.42.006148 PG 5 WC Optics SC Optics GA 733KV UT WOS:000186000200029 PM 14594077 ER PT J AU Samuels, AC DeLucia, FC McNesby, KL Miziolek, AW AF Samuels, AC DeLucia, FC McNesby, KL Miziolek, AW TI Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy of bacterial spores, molds, pollens, and protein: initial studies of discrimination potential SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) CY 2002 CL ORLANDO, FL ID TEETH AB Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) has been used to study bacterial spores, molds, pollens, and proteins. Biosamples were prepared and deposited onto porous silver substrates. LIBS data from the individual laser shots were analyzed by principal-components analysis and were found to contain adequate information to afford discrimination among the different biomaterials. Additional discrimination within the three bacilli studied appears feasible. (C) 2003 Optical Society of America. C1 Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. USA, Res Lab, AMSRL WM BD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP DeLucia, FC (reprint author), Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM fdelucia@arl.army.mil RI De Lucia, Frank/D-5630-2012 NR 14 TC 151 Z9 153 U1 3 U2 27 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD OCT 20 PY 2003 VL 42 IS 30 BP 6205 EP 6209 DI 10.1364/AO.42.006205 PG 5 WC Optics SC Optics GA 733KV UT WOS:000186000200038 PM 14594086 ER PT J AU Aliberti, K Stann, B Svensson, S Mehandru, R Ren, F Shen, H AF Aliberti, K Stann, B Svensson, S Mehandru, R Ren, F Shen, H TI Analysis of the mixing effect in InAlAs/InGaAs metal-semiconductor-metal photodetectors SO MICROWAVE AND OPTICAL TECHNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE optoelectronic mixers; InGaAs photodetectors; Schottky enhancement layers; metal-semiconductor-metal detectors ID MSM PHOTODETECTOR AB The optoelectronic mixing effect in InAlAs Schottky-enhanced InGaAs-based metal-semiconductor-metal photodetectors (MSMPDs) is analyzed. The measured frequency bandwidth of the optoelectronic mixer (OEM) is less than that of a corresponding photodetector. The mixing efficiency depends on the light-modulation, local-oscillator, and mixed-signal frequencies and decreases nonlinearly with a decrease in optical power. We present a circuit model of the OEM to explain the experimental results. (C) 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Chem Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Aliberti, K (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0895-2477 J9 MICROW OPT TECHN LET JI Microw. Opt. Technol. Lett. PD OCT 20 PY 2003 VL 39 IS 2 BP 108 EP 112 DI 10.1002/mop.11141 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA 720BW UT WOS:000185242000009 ER PT J AU Gladys, MJ Jackson, G Rowe, JE Madey, TE AF Gladys, MJ Jackson, G Rowe, JE Madey, TE TI High resolution photoemission study of growth, alloying, and intermixing of ultrathin ruthenium films on W(111) and W(211) SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; low energy electron diffraction (LEED); growth; ruthenium; tungsten; single crystal surfaces; faceting alloys ID METAL-FILMS; PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; ELECTRONIC-PROPERTIES; PD; MO(111); SURFACE; REACTIVITY; OXYGEN AB The alloying, intermixing, growth and faceting of ruthenium overlayers on tungsten single crystals have been studied with high resolution soft X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, SXPS, (using synchrotron radiation) and low energy electron diffraction (LEED). W4f core-level photoemission spectra and W valence band spectra have been measured at various photon energies, and at normal and grazing emission angles, for W(1 1 1) and W(2 1 1). These two surfaces were chosen for this study because it has been shown previously that W(1 1 1) covered with monolayer films of several different 4d and 5d transition metals develop nanoscale pyramidal facets with (2 1 1) faces, upon annealing. The present work extends the measurement to another catalytically active overlayer metal, Ru. The growth and evolution for dosing and annealing on both W surfaces are investigated for coverages from 0 to greater than 3 monolayers of Ru (1 ML = 1.7 x 10(15) atoms/cm(2)). 1ncremental dosing of Ru causes intermixing of the Ru and W atoms at the interface, even at fractional monolayer coverages. Annealing of surfaces with Ru coverages > 1 ML produces a complex set of SXPS results that indicate the formation of surface Ru/W alloys. Faceting of Ru/W(1 1 1) is observed by LEED for Ru coverages > 1 ML, after annealing at temperatures between 700 and 1000 K. Upon annealing to temperatures higher than 1000 K. the SXPS data indicate that clustering of the Ru-W surface alloys may occur. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Rutgers State Univ, Surface Modificat Lab, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. USA, Res Off, Durham, NC 27703 USA. RP Madey, TE (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Surface Modificat Lab, Dept Phys & Astron, 136 Frelinghuysen Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. EM madey@physics.rutgers.edu RI Gladys, Michael/C-4144-2011 NR 25 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD OCT 20 PY 2003 VL 544 IS 2-3 BP 193 EP 208 DI 10.1016/j.susc.2003.06.001 PG 16 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 733TZ UT WOS:000186017900013 ER PT J AU Arbuckle, MR McClain, MT Rubertone, MV Scofield, RH Dennis, GJ James, JA Harley, JB AF Arbuckle, MR McClain, MT Rubertone, MV Scofield, RH Dennis, GJ James, JA Harley, JB TI Development of autoantibodies before the clinical onset of systemic lupus erythematosus SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID ANTI-DNA ANTIBODIES; CONGENITAL HEART-BLOCK; SJOGRENS-SYNDROME; WILCOXON TEST; SM; DSDNA; ANTINUCLEAR; MOTHERS; AUTOIMMUNITY; CHILDREN AB BACKGROUND: Although much is known about the natural history of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), the development of SLE autoantibodies before the diagnosis of the disease has not been extensively explored. We investigated the onset and progression of autoantibody development before the clinical diagnosis. METHODS: The Department of Defense Serum Repository contains approximately 30 million specimens prospectively collected from more than 5 million U.S. Armed Forces personnel. We evaluated serum samples obtained from 130 persons before they received a diagnosis of SLE, along with samples from matched controls. RESULTS: In 115 of the 130 patients with SLE (88 percent), at least one SLE autoantibody tested was present before the diagnosis (up to 9.4 years earlier; mean, 3.3 years). Antinuclear antibodies were present in 78 percent (at a dilution of 1:120 or more), anti-double-stranded DNA antibodies in 55 percent, anti-Ro antibodies in 47 percent, anti-La antibodies in 34 percent, anti-Sm antibodies in 32 percent, anti-nuclear ribonucleoprotein antibodies in 26 percent, and antiphospholipid antibodies in 18 percent. Antinuclear, antiphospholipid antibodies, anti-Ro, and anti-La antibodies were present earlier than anti-Sm and anti-nuclear ribonucleoprotein antibodies (a mean of 3.4 years before the diagnosis vs. 1.2 years, P=0.005). Anti-double-stranded DNA antibodies, with a mean onset 2.2 years before the diagnosis, were found later than antinuclear antibodies (P=0.06) and earlier than anti-nuclear ribonucleoprotein antibodies (P=0.005). For many patients, the earliest available serum sample was positive; therefore, these measures of the average time from the first positive antibody test to the diagnosis are underestimates of the time from the development of antibodies to the diagnosis. Of the 130 initial matched controls, 3.8 percent were positive for one or more autoantibodies. CONCLUSIONS: Autoantibodies are typically present many years before the diagnosis of SLE. Furthermore, the appearance of autoantibodies in patients with SLE tends to follow a predictable course, with a progressive accumulation of specific autoantibodies before the onset of SLE, while patients are still asymptomatic. C1 Oklahoma Med Res Fdn, Arthrit & Immunol Program, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA. Univ Oklahoma, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Oklahoma City, OK USA. Univ Oklahoma, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, Oklahoma City, OK USA. Dept Vet Affairs, Oklahoma City, OK USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Rheumatol, Bethesda, MD USA. NIAMSD, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP James, JA (reprint author), Oklahoma Med Res Fdn, Arthrit & Immunol Program, 825 NE 13th St, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR15577, RR14467]; NIAID NIH HHS [AI24717, AI31584]; NIAMS NIH HHS [AR48940, AR4904, AR45231, AR01981, AR42460, AR45084] NR 32 TC 1082 Z9 1138 U1 12 U2 43 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC/NEJM PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD OCT 16 PY 2003 VL 349 IS 16 BP 1526 EP 1533 DI 10.1056/NEJMoa021933 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 731ZM UT WOS:000185916400007 PM 14561795 ER PT J AU Marcus, GM Atwood, JE AF Marcus, GM Atwood, JE TI Images in clinical medicine: "T-U-P'' syndrome, or pseudoatrial flutter SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94122 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Marcus, GM (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94122 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC/NEJM PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD OCT 16 PY 2003 VL 349 IS 16 BP E15 EP E15 DI 10.1056/ENEJMicm020176 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 731ZM UT WOS:000185916400009 PM 14561806 ER PT J AU Zhu, KM Hunter, S Payne-Wilks, K Roland, CL Forbes, DS AF Zhu, KM Hunter, S Payne-Wilks, K Roland, CL Forbes, DS TI Use of electric bedding devices and risk of breast cancer in African-American women SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE bedding and linens; blacks; breast neoplasms; case-control studies; electromagnetic fields; women ID MAGNETIC-FIELD EXPOSURE; ELECTROMAGNETIC-FIELDS; UNITED-STATES; OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE; SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS; LUNG-CANCER; BLANKET USE; POWER; MORTALITY; RACE AB In this case-control study, the authors aimed to examine whether use of an electric bedding device increased breast cancer risk in African-American women. Cases were 304 African-American patients diagnosed with breast cancer during 1995-1998 who were aged 20-64 years and lived in one of three Tennessee counties. Controls were 305 African-American women without breast cancer who were selected through random digit dialing and frequency-matched to cases by age and county. Information on the use of an electric blanket or heated water bed and other risk factors was collected through telephone interviews. Breast cancer risk associated with use of an electric bedding device increased with the number of years of use, the number of seasons of use, and the length of time of use during sleep. When women who used an electric bedding device for more than 6 months per year (and therefore were more likely to have used a heated water bed, which generates lower magnetic fields) were excluded, the corresponding dose-response relations were more striking. Similar trends in dose response were shown in both premenopausal and postmenopausal women and for both estrogen receptor-positive and estrogen receptor-negative tumors. The use of electric bedding devices may increase breast cancer risk in African-American women aged 20-64 years. Such an association might not vary substantially by menopausal status or estrogen receptor status. C1 Penn State Univ, Coll Med, Hershey, PA USA. Meharry Med Coll, Nashville, TN 37208 USA. RP Zhu, KM (reprint author), US Mil Canc Inst, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Bldg 1,Suite A-109,6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 46 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD OCT 15 PY 2003 VL 158 IS 8 BP 798 EP 806 DI 10.1098/aje/kwg220 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 731QJ UT WOS:000185897700011 PM 14561670 ER PT J AU Patnaik, A Eckhardt, SG Izbicka, E Tolcher, AA Hammond, LA Takimoto, CH Schwartz, G McCreery, H Goetz, A Mori, M Terada, K Gentner, L Rybak, ME Richards, H Zhang, S Rowinsky, EK AF Patnaik, A Eckhardt, SG Izbicka, E Tolcher, AA Hammond, LA Takimoto, CH Schwartz, G McCreery, H Goetz, A Mori, M Terada, K Gentner, L Rybak, ME Richards, H Zhang, S Rowinsky, EK TI A phase I, pharmacokinetic, and biological study of the farnesyltransferase inhibitor tipifarnib in combination with gemcitabine in patients with advanced malignancies SO CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID FARNESYL TRANSFERASE INHIBITORS; METASTATIC BREAST-CANCER; PROTEIN TRANSFERASE; R115777; CELLS; TRIAL AB Purpose: To assess the feasibility of administering tipifarnib, an oral nonpeptidomimetic competitive inhibitor of farnesyltransferase, in combination with gemcitabine and recommend doses for disease-directed clinical trials. The study also sought to identify drug-drug pharmacokinetic interactions, evaluate effects on protein farnesylation, and seek preliminary evidence for clinical activity. Experimental Design: Patients with advanced solid malignancies were treated with tipifarnib at doses of 100, 200, and 300 mg twice daily continuously and 1000 mg/m(2) gemcitabine i.v. on days 1, 8, and 15 every 4 weeks. To identify pharmacokinetic interactions, the treatment and plasma sampling schemes were designed to permit comparisons of the pharmacokinetic behavior of each agent administered alone and together. The proportions of unfarnesylated and farnesylated HDJ2, a chaperone protein that undergoes farnesylation, were measured in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Results: Nineteen evaluable patients were treated with 74 courses of tipifarnib/gemcitabine (mg/mg/m(2)). Myelosuppression was the principal toxicity. Dose-limiting myelosuppression occurred in 2 of 5 patients at the 30011000 dose level, whereas 2 of 11 evaluable patients at the 200/1000 dose level experienced dose-limiting toxicity. There was no evidence of clinically relevant pharmacokinetic interactions between tipifarnib and gemcitabine. Inhibition of farnesylation of HDJ2, a potential surrogate for Ras and/or other potentially relevant farnesylated proteins, was demonstrated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells at all dose levels. Partial responses were noted in patients with advanced pancreatic and nasopharyngeal carcinomas. Conclusions: On the basis of the results of this study, the tipifarnib/gemcitabine dose level of 200/1000 is recommended for disease-directed studies. At this dose level, biologically relevant plasma concentrations of tipifarnib that consistently inhibit protein farnesylation in vitro are achieved and drug-induced inhibition of protein farnesylation is measured in most patients. C1 Canc Therapy & Res Ctr S Texas, Inst Drug Dev, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Kumamoto Univ, Sch Med, Kumamoto 8608556, Japan. Johnson & Johnson, Pharmaceut Res & Dev, Titusville, NJ 08560 USA. RP Patnaik, A (reprint author), Canc Therapy & Res Ctr S Texas, Inst Drug Dev, 7979 Wurzbach,Suite Z400, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [M01-RR01346] NR 31 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI BIRMINGHAM PA PO BOX 11806, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35202 USA SN 1078-0432 J9 CLIN CANCER RES JI Clin. Cancer Res. PD OCT 15 PY 2003 VL 9 IS 13 BP 4761 EP 4771 PG 11 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 737CW UT WOS:000186212000015 PM 14581347 ER PT J AU Sekine, T Li, XJ Kobayashi, T Yamashita, Y Patel, P McCauley, JW AF Sekine, T Li, XJ Kobayashi, T Yamashita, Y Patel, P McCauley, JW TI Aluminum oxynitride at pressures up to 180 GPa SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID POST-SPINEL PHASES; SHOCK COMPRESSION; SILICON-NITRIDE; TRANSFORMATION; STATE; REFINEMENT; TRANSITION; BETA-SI3N4; EQUATION; MGAL2O4 AB Hugoniot equation-of-state data of shock compressed aluminum oxynitride (AlON), consisting of 64.1 mol% Al2O3.35.9 mol% AlN with a density of similar to3.68 g/cm(3), have been determined to 180 GPa. The relationship between shock velocity (U-s) and particle velocity (U-p) is expressed by a straight line: U-s(km/s)=8.08+0.761U(p)(km/s). Although there is no evidence of phase transition in the data, the determined Hugoniot of AlON has been compared with those of oxide spinels such as MgAl2O4 and Fe3O4. We discuss the systematics of high pressure phase transitions of spinels that indicate a phase transition to CaTi2O4-type phases. The phase transition to CaTi2O4-type structures implies that the recently discovered Si3N4 spinel also may be transformed into a CaTi2O4-type phase with increasing pressure. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Natl Inst Mat Sci, Adv Mat Lab, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050044, Japan. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Sekine, T (reprint author), Natl Inst Mat Sci, Adv Mat Lab, Namiki 1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050044, Japan. NR 26 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD OCT 15 PY 2003 VL 94 IS 8 BP 4803 EP 4806 DI 10.1063/1.1608476 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 727NE UT WOS:000185664300009 ER PT J AU Frazier, RM Thaler, GT Abernathy, CR Pearton, SJ Nakarmi, ML Nam, KB Lin, JY Jiang, HX Kelly, J Rairigh, R Hebard, AF Zavada, JM Wilson, RG AF Frazier, RM Thaler, GT Abernathy, CR Pearton, SJ Nakarmi, ML Nam, KB Lin, JY Jiang, HX Kelly, J Rairigh, R Hebard, AF Zavada, JM Wilson, RG TI Transition metal ion implantation into AlGaN SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-BEAM-EPITAXY; LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; TIME-RESOLVED PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; P-TYPE GAN; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; FERROMAGNETIC SEMICONDUCTORS; LOCAL-STRUCTURE; QUANTUM-WELLS; DOPED GAN; 280 NM AB n- and p-type AlxGa1-xN (x=0.38 for n-type, x=0.13 for p-type) layers grown on Al2O3 substrates were ion implanted with the transition metals Mn, Cr, and Co at high concentrations (peak doping levels similar to3 at. %). After implantation and annealing at 1000 degreesC, only impurity transitions at similar to2.9 and 3.9 eV and no band-edge photoluminescence could be observed in all the samples. X-ray diffraction did not detect any peaks associated with second phase formation. Room-temperature hysteresis loops were obtained for Co-implanted n-type AlGaN, while there was no convincing evidence for ferromagnetism in the Mn- or Cr-implanted n-AlGaN. By sharp contrast, Mn implantation in p-AlGaN did produce ferromagnetic behavior and 300 K hysteresis. Both carrier type and crystalline quality can influence the resulting magnetic properties. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Kansas State Univ, Dept Phys, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Phys, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM spear@mse.ufl.edu RI Lin, Jingyu/A-7276-2011; Jiang, Hongxing/F-3635-2011 OI Lin, Jingyu/0000-0003-1705-2635; Jiang, Hongxing/0000-0001-9892-4292 NR 50 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD OCT 15 PY 2003 VL 94 IS 8 BP 4956 EP 4960 DI 10.1063/1.1613375 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 727NE UT WOS:000185664300036 ER PT J AU Metz, E AF Metz, E TI Ulysses S. Grant: An album; Warrior, husband, traveler, "emancipator," writer. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Metz, E (reprint author), USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD OCT 15 PY 2003 VL 128 IS 17 BP 76 EP 76 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 729CL UT WOS:000185753700106 ER PT J AU Burgess, EB AF Burgess, EB TI Battlegrounds: Geography and the history of warfare. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Burgess, EB (reprint author), USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD OCT 15 PY 2003 VL 128 IS 17 BP 79 EP 79 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 729CL UT WOS:000185753700122 ER PT J AU Burgess, EB AF Burgess, EB TI The return to treasure island and the search for Captain Kidd. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Burgess, EB (reprint author), USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD OCT 15 PY 2003 VL 128 IS 17 BP 79 EP 79 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 729CL UT WOS:000185753700125 ER PT J AU Minyard, CM AF Minyard, CM TI Combat jump: The young men who led the assault into fortress Europe, July 1943. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Blountstown, FL USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD OCT 15 PY 2003 VL 128 IS 17 BP 82 EP 82 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 729CL UT WOS:000185753700139 ER PT J AU Scafetta, N Griffin, L West, BJ AF Scafetta, N Griffin, L West, BJ TI Holder exponent spectra for human gait SO PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE stochastic processes; gait; multifractal analysis; nonlinear dynamics ID LONG-RANGE CORRELATIONS; MULTIFRACTAL FORMALISM; HEARTBEAT DYNAMICS; ALLOMETRIC CONTROL; WAVELET-TRANSFORM; STRIDE INTERVAL; FLUCTUATIONS; SIGNALS; WALKING AB The stride interval time series in normal human gait is not strictly constant, but fluctuates from step to step in a complex manner. More precisely, it has been shown that the control process for human gait is a fractal random phenomenon, that is, one with a long-term memory. Herein we study the Holder exponent spectra for the slow, normal and fast gaits of 10 young healthy men in both free and metronomically triggered conditions and establish that the stride interval time series is more complex than a monofractal phenomenon. A slightly multifractal and non-stationary time series under the three different gait conditions emerges. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Off, Div Math, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Duke Univ, Pratt Sch EE Dept, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Univ Texas, Med Branch, Div Rehabil Sci, Galveston, TX 77550 USA. RP West, BJ (reprint author), USA, Res Off, Div Math, POB 12211, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RI West, Bruce/E-3944-2017; OI Scafetta, Nicola/0000-0003-0967-1911 NR 31 TC 55 Z9 58 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4371 J9 PHYSICA A JI Physica A PD OCT 15 PY 2003 VL 328 IS 3-4 BP 561 EP 583 DI 10.1016/S0378-4371(03)00527-2 PG 23 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 733WX UT WOS:000186024600020 ER PT J AU Polly, DW AF Polly, DW TI Adapting innovative motion-preserving technology to spinal surgical practice: What should we expect to happen? SO SPINE LA English DT Article DE disc arthroplasty; complications; anterior approach ID LUMBAR INTERBODY FUSION; URETERAL INJURY; COMPLICATIONS; SURGERY; CAGES; MULTICENTER; ADULTS; L4-L5; BONE AB Study Design. A literature-based review of approach-related morbidity and a conjectural analysis of potential complications of disc arthroplasty based on experience with total joint arthroplasty. Objective. To describe predictable complications of disc arthroplasty and possible strategies for minimizing or treating these complications. Summary of Background Data. There is a significant experience with anterior approach-related morbidity in spinal surgery. There is also extensive, experience with extremity total joint arthroplasty. The combination of these experiences should predict certain occurrences that will occur with the advent of disc arthroplasty in the spine. Methods. Review of the medical literature associated with anterior approach to the lumbar spine for spinal fusion was done. Sequential steps for performance of disc arthroplasty and,,possible problems with each step were evaluated and possible complications identified. Parallel experience in total joint arthroplasty was reviewed for possible predictive experience. Results. There are definable approach-related morbidities that will occur, regardless of prosthesis design and implantation technique. Prosthesis design involves a series of tradeoffs for risks and benefits. Revisions are inevitable; rate of revision and time to revision remain to be determined. Conclusions. Disc arthroplasty will offer benefits over current fusion techniques. It will come at a cost and certain complications are entirely predictable. There will be deaths from the procedure, due to thromboembolic phenomenon or due to uncontrollable hemorrhage from irreparable vascular injury, especially on repeat operations. There will be prostheses that dislodge.-There will be infections that require device removal, a very high-risk procedure. There will be a deterioration of results in the hands of the general, medical community as opposed to the hands of the initial investigators, a learning curve if you will. The access surgeon will be critical to minimizing morbidity. Design considerations compete with anatomic contraints. Material choices all have pros and cons. surgeons as a whole are excited about-this opportunity, but we must be diligent to minimize,these,predictable adverse events to make the risk benefit profile the best that it can be for our patients. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed Surg & Rehabil, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Polly, DW (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed Surg & Rehabil, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 32 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0362-2436 J9 SPINE JI SPINE PD OCT 15 PY 2003 VL 28 IS 20 SU S BP S104 EP S109 DI 10.1097/01.BRS.0000092208.09020.16 PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology; Orthopedics SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Orthopedics GA 736ZF UT WOS:000186202600003 PM 14560181 ER PT J AU Dutta, S Haynes, JD Moch, JK Barbosa, A Lanar, DE AF Dutta, S Haynes, JD Moch, JK Barbosa, A Lanar, DE TI Invasion-inhibitory antibodies inhibit proteolytic processing of apical membrane antigen 1 of Plasmodium falciparum merozoites SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID DIFFERENTIAL LOCALIZATION; ERYTHROCYTE INVASION; VACCINE CANDIDATE; SURFACE; MALARIA; PROTEIN; EXPRESSION; FRAGMENTS; CLEAVAGE; CULTURE AB Apical membrane antigen 1 (AMA-1) is a promising vaccine candidate for Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Antibodies against AMA-1 of P. falciparum (PfAMA-1) interrupt merozoite invasion into RBCs. Initially localized within the apical complex, PfAMA-1 is proteolytically processed and redistributed circumferentially on merozoites at about the time of their release and invasion into RBCs. An 83-kDa precursor form of PfAMA-1 is processed to 66-kDa and then to 48- and 44-kDa products. We show that, even at low concentrations, IgG antibodies against correctly folded recombinant PfAMA-1 cross-linked and trapped the 52-, 48-, and 44-kDa proteolytic products on merozoites. These products are normally shed into the culture medium. At higher concentrations antibodies inhibited invasion into RBCs and caused a reduction in the amount of 44- and 48-kDa products, both on merozoites and in the culture medium. A corresponding increase also occurred in the amount of the 66- and 52-kDa forms detected on the merozoites. These antibodies also prevented circumferential redistribution of AMA-1. In contrast, monovalent invasion-inhibitory Fab fragments caused accumulation of 66- and 52-kDa forms, with no cross-linking, trapping, or prevention of redistribution. Antibodies at low concentrations can be used as trapping agents for intermediate and soluble forms of AMA-1 and are useful for studying proteolytic processing of AMA-1. With this technique, it was confirmed that protease inhibitor chymostatin and Ca2+ chelators can inhibit the breakdown of the 66-kDa form. We propose that antibodies to AMA-1 capable of inhibiting erythrocyte invasion act by disrupting proteolytic processing of AMA-1. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. USN, Med Res Ctr, Malaria PRogram, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Dutta, S (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RI Lanar, David/B-3560-2011; OI Barbosa, Arnoldo/0000-0001-8652-7396 NR 29 TC 75 Z9 77 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD OCT 14 PY 2003 VL 100 IS 21 BP 12295 EP 12300 DI 10.1073/pnas.2032858100 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 733WU UT WOS:000186024300066 PM 14526103 ER PT J AU Wilson, MJ Xie, LH Arce, GR Graveman, RF AF Wilson, MJ Xie, LH Arce, GR Graveman, RF TI Content-based searching of multimedia databases by use of approximate digital signatures SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article AB We propose the use of approximate digital signatures of selected multimedia feature vectors for fast content-based retrieval in large multimedia databases. We adapt and extend the approximate message authentication code (AMAC), introduced by some of the authors recently in the area of message authentication, to the multimedia searching problem. An AMAC is a binary signature with the ability to reflect changes in the message it represents. The Hamming distance between two AMACs is used to measure the degree of the similarity between multimedia objects. We develop a method to compress AMAC signatures to create a direct look-up table that allows for fast searching of a database. The color histogram is used as the example feature space to show how the signature is applied. Experimental results show that the performance of the proposed method is comparable with existing methods based on other popular metrics, but it significantly decreases search time. (C) 2003 Optical Society of America. C1 USA, Res Lab, Advance Munit Concepts Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Univ Delaware, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. RP Wilson, MJ (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Advance Munit Concepts Branch, AMSRL-WM-BA,Bldg 4600-N101, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM mjwilson@arl.army.mil NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD OCT 10 PY 2003 VL 42 IS 29 BP 5855 EP 5871 DI 10.1364/AO.42.005855 PG 17 WC Optics SC Optics GA 732EN UT WOS:000185928000007 PM 14577539 ER PT J AU Burnett, JC Schmidt, JJ Stafford, RG Panchal, RG Nguyen, TL Hermone, AR Vennerstrom, JL McGrath, CF Lane, DJ Sausville, EA Zaharevitz, DW Gussio, R Bavari, S AF Burnett, JC Schmidt, JJ Stafford, RG Panchal, RG Nguyen, TL Hermone, AR Vennerstrom, JL McGrath, CF Lane, DJ Sausville, EA Zaharevitz, DW Gussio, R Bavari, S TI Novel small molecule inhibitors of botulinum neurotoxin A metalloprotease activity SO BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE bioterrorism; botulinum neurotoxin; drug discovery; high-throughput screen; inhibitors; molecular modeling; pharmacophore; three-dimensional database search; metalloprotease ID SEROTYPE-A; ANCISTROCLADUS-KORUPENSIS; NEUROTRANSMITTER RELEASE; PROTEOLYTIC ACTIVITY; TOXIN; VAMP/SYNAPTOBREVIN; MICHELLAMINES; BISQUINOLINES; ANTAGONISTS; MANAGEMENT AB Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) are among the most lethal biological substances to have been weaponized and are listed as biodefense category A agents. Currently, no small molecule (non-peptidic) therapeutics exist to counter this threat; hence, identifying and developing compounds that inhibit BoNTs is a high priority. In the present study, a high-throughput assay was used to identify small molecules that inhibit the metalloprotease activity of BoNT serotype A light chain (BoNT/A LC). All inhibitors were further verified using a HPLC-based assay. Conformational analyses of these compounds, in conjunction with molecular docking studies, were used to predict structural features that contribute to inhibitor binding and potency. Based on these results, a common pharmacophore for BoNT/A LC inhibitors is proposed. This is the first study to report small molecules (non-peptidics) that inhibit BoNT/A LC metalloprotease activity in the low muM range. (C) 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 NCI, Dev Therapeut Program, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. Univ Nebraska, Med Ctr, Coll Pharm, Omaha, NE 68198 USA. RP Gussio, R (reprint author), NCI, Dev Therapeut Program, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. NR 34 TC 66 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0006-291X J9 BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO JI Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. PD OCT 10 PY 2003 VL 310 IS 1 BP 84 EP 93 DI 10.1016/j.bbrc.2003.08.112 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 730MX UT WOS:000185835500014 PM 14511652 ER PT J AU Williams, AJ Berti, R Yao, C Price, RA Velarde, LC Koplovitz, I Schultz, SM Tortella, FC Dave, JR AF Williams, AJ Berti, R Yao, C Price, RA Velarde, LC Koplovitz, I Schultz, SM Tortella, FC Dave, JR TI Central neuro-inflammatory gene response following soman exposure in the rat SO NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE soman; inflammation; cytokines; cell adhesion molecules; brain; rat ID CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; INDUCED SEIZURES; LEUKOCYTE INFILTRATION; INDUCED NEUROPATHOLOGY; REDUCES INFARCTION; CEREBRAL-ISCHEMIA; BRAIN INJURY; PROTECTION; CYTOKINES AB Effective treatments to improve survivability following exposure to the nerve agent soman have been established and are currently available. Unfortunately, electrographic brain seizures, neuroinflammation and brain cell death are still a potential problem even with treatment. In the present study we have characterized the time course of the central neuro-inflammatory gene response using quantitative real time-PCR (TaqMan(TM)). Male Sprague-Dawley rats were pre-treated with HI-6 (1-2-hydroxy-iminomethyl-1-pyridino-3-(4-carbamoyl-1-pyridino-2-oxapropane dichloride); 125 mg/kg, i.p.) and exposed 30 min later to 1.6 X LD50 of soman (pinacolyl methyl-phosphonofluoridate, 180 mug/kg, s.c.) followed at I min by atropine methyl nitrate (4 mg/kg, i.m.). Initially, a significant and dramatic upregulation of tumor necrosis factor-a and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 mRNA levels was measured 2 h post-exposure followed at 6 h by upregulation of interleukin-1beta, interleukin-6, E-selectin, and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 with eventual resolution by 24-48 h. In conclusion, an acute and transient upregulation of the inflammatory gene response is activated following soman exposure that may be involved in the soman-induced brain injury process. (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Basic Assessment Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Williams, AJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, Room 2A40,503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RI Dave, Jitendra/A-8940-2011 NR 20 TC 47 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0304-3940 J9 NEUROSCI LETT JI Neurosci. Lett. PD OCT 9 PY 2003 VL 349 IS 3 BP 147 EP 150 DI 10.1016/S0304-3940(03)00818-8 PG 4 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 720PC UT WOS:000185268300003 PM 12951190 ER PT J AU Jackson, JL O'Malley, PG Kroenke, K AF Jackson, JL O'Malley, PG Kroenke, K TI Evaluation of acute knee pain in primary care SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT; FAST-SPIN-ECHO; ARTICULAR-CARTILAGE ABNORMALITIES; CLINICAL DECISION RULES; DIHYDRATE CRYSTAL DEPOSITION; ACUTE TRAUMATIC HEMARTHROSIS; RESONANCE-IMAGING FINDINGS; DISCOID LATERAL MENISCI; BUCKET-HANDLE TEARS; MAGNETIC-RESONANCE AB Background: The evaluation of acute knee pain often includes radiography of the knee. Objective: To synthesize the literature to determine the role of radiologic procedures in evaluating common causes of acute knee pain: fractures, meniscal or ligamentous injuries, osteoarthritis, and pseudogout. Data Sources: MEDLINE search from 1966 to October 2002. Study Selection: We included all published, peer-reviewed studies of decision rules for fractures. We included studies that used arthroscopy as the gold standard for measuring the accuracy of the physical examination and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for meniscal and ligamentous knee damage. We included all studies on the use of radiographs in pseudogout. Data Extraction: We extracted all data in duplicate and abstracted physical examination and MRI results into 2 x 2 tables. Data Synthesis: Among the 5 decision rules for deciding when to use plain films in knee fractures, the Ottawa knee rules (injury due to trauma and age >55 years, tenderness at the head of the fibula or the patella, inability to bear weight for 4 steps, or inability to flex the knee to 90 degrees) have the strongest supporting evidence. When the history suggests a potential meniscal or ligamentous injury, the physical examination is moderately sensitive (meniscus, 87%; anterior cruciate ligament, 74%; and posterior cruciate ligament, 81%) and specific (meniscus, 92%; anterior cruciate ligamen, 95%; and posterior cruciate ligament, 95%). The Lachman test is more sensitive and specific for ligamentous tears than is the drawer sign. For meniscal tears, joint line tenderness is sensitive (75%) but not specific (27%), while the McMurray test is specific (97%) but not sensitive (52%). Compared with the physical examination, MRI is more sensitive for ligamentous and meniscal damage but less specific. When the differential diagnosis for acute knee pain includes an exacerbation of osteoarthritis, clinical features (age >50 years, morning stiffness <30 minutes, crepitus, or bony enlargement) are 89% sensitive and 88% specific for underlying chronic arthritis. Adding plain films improves sensitivity slightly but not specificity. Plain films for pseudogout are not sensitive or specific, according to limited-quality studies. Conclusions: We recommend the Ottawa knee rules to decide when to obtain plain films for suspected knee fracture. A careful physical examination should be sufficient to decide whether to refer patients with potential meniscal and ligament injuries, and we prefer clinical criteria rather than plain films for evaluating osteoarthritis. We do not recommend using plain films to diagnose pseudogout. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Indianapolis, IN 46204 USA. Regenstrief Inst Hlth Care, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. RP Jackson, JL (reprint author), Med EDP, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 213 TC 69 Z9 72 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 USA SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD OCT 7 PY 2003 VL 139 IS 7 BP 575 EP 588 PG 14 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 729AP UT WOS:000185748800006 PM 14530229 ER PT J AU Pantsari, MW Coleman, TA AF Pantsari, MW Coleman, TA TI Kala-azar SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Dwight D Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. RP Pantsari, MW (reprint author), Dwight D Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC/NEJM PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD OCT 2 PY 2003 VL 349 IS 14 BP E13 EP E13 DI 10.1056/ENEJMicm010681 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 727EM UT WOS:000185644000010 PM 14523156 ER PT J AU Molis, MR Summers, V AF Molis, MR Summers, V TI Effects of high presentation levels on recognition of low- and high-frequency speech SO ACOUSTICS RESEARCH LETTERS ONLINE-ARLO LA English DT Article ID HEARING-IMPAIRED LISTENERS; CHINCHILLA COCHLEA; AUDIBILITY; MECHANICS AB Speech recognition accuracy decreases when presentation levels are raised above moderate levels. This "rollover" effect at high levels has generally been viewed as a broadband phenomenon, influencing low- and high-frequency processing similarly. In the current study, listeners with normal hearing identified lowpass and highpass sentences at a range of presentation levels to determine whether rollover effects might be greater in either region. Recognition scores showed larger and more consistent decreases at high levels (i.e., greater rollover) for high-frequency speech materials. The results are consistent with both physiological and psychoacoustic data suggesting that cochlear processing shows greater level dependence in basal regions tuned to high frequencies than apical, low- frequency regions. Predictions of speech intelligibility by methods such as the Speech Intelligibility Index [ANSI, 1997] may be improved if the frequency-dependence of rollover is considered. (C) 2003 Acoustical Society of America. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Army Audiol & Speech Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Molis, MR (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Army Audiol & Speech Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM michelle.molis@na.amedd.army.mil; walter.summers@na.amedd.army.mil NR 18 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1529-7853 J9 ACOUST RES LETT ONL JI Acoust. Res. Lett. Online-ARLO PD OCT PY 2003 VL 4 IS 4 BP 124 EP 128 DI 10.1121/1.1605151 PG 5 WC Acoustics SC Acoustics GA 777EG UT WOS:000189162100003 ER PT J AU Kagan, FW AF Kagan, FW TI Drafting the Russian nation: Military conscription, total war, and mass politics, 1905-1925. SO AMERICAN HISTORICAL REVIEW LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Kagan, FW (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER HISTORICAL REVIEW PI WASHINGTON PA 400 A ST SE, WASHINGTON, DC 20003 USA SN 0002-8762 J9 AM HIST REV JI Am. Hist. Rev. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 108 IS 4 BP 1252 EP 1253 DI 10.1086/529952 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 752ZE UT WOS:000187205400170 ER PT J AU Chan, DS Callahan, CW Sheets, SJ Moreno, CN Malone, FJ AF Chan, DS Callahan, CW Sheets, SJ Moreno, CN Malone, FJ TI An Internet-based store-and-forward video home telehealth system for improving asthma outcomes in children SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH-SYSTEM PHARMACY LA English DT Article DE asthma; compliance; computers; inhalers; Internet; patient information; pediatrics; quality of life ID METERED-DOSE INHALER; QUALITY-OF-LIFE; RANDOMIZED TRIAL; MANAGEMENT; CARE; PROGRAM; TELEMEDICINE; IMPROVEMENT; PREVENTION; EDUCATION AB The adherence and disease-control outcomes associated with the use of an Internet-based store-and-forward video home telehealth system to manage asthma in children were studied. Pediatric patients with persistent asthma were provided with home computers and Internet access and monitored biweekly over the Internet. All patients were seen in the pediatric clinic at 0, 2, 6, 12, and 24 weeks. Half of the patients received asthma education in person and half via an interactive Web site. Adherence measures were assessed by therapeutic and diagnostic monitoring. Therapeutic monitoring included digital videos of patients using their controller medication inhaler. Diagnostic monitoring included an asthma symptom diary and a video of peak flow meter use. Videos were submitted electronically twice a week by using in-home telemonitoring with store-and-forward technology. Feedback was provided electronically to each patient. Disease control was assessed by examining quality of life, utilization of services, rescue-therapy use, symptom control, satisfaction with home telemonitoring, and retention of asthma knowledge. Patients were randomly assigned to an asthma education group (Internet versus office), and the data were analyzed by comparing results for study days 0-90 and 91-180. Ten children participated. A total of 321 videos of inhaler use and 309 videos of peak flow meter use were submitted. Inhaler technique scores improved significantly in the second study period. Submission of diagnostic monitoring videos and asthma diary entries decreased significantly. Peak flow values as a percentage of personal best values increased significantly. Overall, there was no change in quality of life reported by patients. However, the caregivers in the virtual-education group reported an increase in the patients' quality-of-life survey scores. Emergency department visits and hospital admissions for asthma were avoided. Rescue therapy was infrequent. A high rate of satisfaction with home telemonitoring was reported. Internet-based, store-and-forward video assessment of children's use of asthma medications and monitoring tools in their homes appeared effective and well accepted. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Pediat Res Project, MCHK PE, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Telemed Sect, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Chan, DS (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Pediat Res Project, MCHK PE, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 33 TC 61 Z9 63 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER SOC HEALTH-SYSTEM PHARMACISTS PI BETHESDA PA 7272 WISCONSIN AVE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 1079-2082 J9 AM J HEALTH-SYST PH JI Am. J. Health-Syst. Pharm. PD OCT 1 PY 2003 VL 60 IS 19 BP 1976 EP 1981 PG 6 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 728GG UT WOS:000185709000014 PM 14531243 ER PT J AU Martin, EM Coyle, MK Warden, DL Salazar, A AF Martin, EM Coyle, MK Warden, DL Salazar, A TI Telephonic nursing in traumatic brain injury SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NURSING LA English DT Article ID REHABILITATION; PROGRAM; TRIAL C1 DVBIC, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Henry M Jackson Fdn Advancement Mil Med, Washington, DC USA. Prince Georges Community Coll, Largo, MD USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Martin, EM (reprint author), DVBIC, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Henry M Jackson Fdn Advancement Mil Med, Washington, DC USA. NR 6 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0002-936X J9 AM J NURS JI Am. J. Nurs. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 103 IS 10 BP 75 EP + PG 4 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA 732EL UT WOS:000185927800035 PM 14530713 ER PT J AU Banks, KP AF Banks, KP TI Subcutaneous endometrioma as an unexpected cause of chronic abdominal pain SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ROENTGENOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Banks, KP (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ROENTGEN RAY SOC PI RESTON PA 1891 PRESTON WHITE DR, SUBSCRIPTION FULFILLMENT, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0361-803X J9 AM J ROENTGENOL JI Am. J. Roentgenol. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 181 IS 4 BP 1157 EP 1157 PG 1 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 724NB UT WOS:000185492700047 PM 14500250 ER PT J AU Pattanapanyasat, K Walsh, DS Yongvanitchit, K Piyawatthanasakul, N Wanachiwanawin, W Webster, HK AF Pattanapanyasat, K Walsh, DS Yongvanitchit, K Piyawatthanasakul, N Wanachiwanawin, W Webster, HK TI Robust in vitro replication of Plasmodium falciparum in glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol-anchored membrane glycoprotein-deficient red blood cells SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID PAROXYSMAL-NOCTURNAL HEMOGLOBINURIA; MALARIA PARASITES; FLOW-CYTOMETRY; INVASION; CULTURE; RETICULOCYTES; ERYTHROCYTES; RECEPTORS; INSIGHTS; BIOTIN AB Red blood cells (RBCs) infected with Plasmodium falciparum are protected from complement-mediated lysis by surface membrane glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored proteins, which include decay accelerating factor (DAF or CD55) and CD59. To determine if P. falciparum avoids or replicates less efficiently in GPI protein-deficient cells at a higher risk for complement-mediated lysis, we compared P. falciparum infectivity among control RBCs with those from subjects with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH), a condition in which RBCs express variable levels of DAF (negative and positive) and CD59 (negative [-], intermediate [11, and high [H]). Co-cultures of 19 matched samples of control and PNH RBCs were infected with P. falciparum to directly compare parasitic invasion. Each PNH RBC sample was then assessed for P. falciparum infectivity across the spectrum of GPI protein deficiency. Identification methods included biotin-streptavidin for RBC populations, fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled antibodies to DAF and CD59, hydroethidine for parasite DNA, and flow cytometry. The mean +/- SD parasitemias in co-cultured PNH and control RBCs were 24.7 +/- 6.9% versus 21.0 +/- 5.9% (P 0.12). For individual PNH samples, parasitemias were significantly higher in DAF (-) cells versus DAF (+) cells (25.0 +/- 8.9% versus 19.1 +/- 8.7%; P < 0.001) and in CD59 (-) cells versus I/H cells (22.5 +/- 6.4% versus 17.6 +/- 4.2%; P < 0.0003). Across the CD59 spectrum, mean parasiternias were highest in CD59 (-) cells (24.5 +/- 6.4%), followed by CD59-H cells (19.5 +/- 5.4%), and CD59-I cells (16.4 +/- 4.8%). Expression of DAF in 12 (63%) of 19 infected PNH samples was reduced. Thus, P. falciparum does not selectively avoid RBCs with fewer GPI proteins and parasite replication in PNH cells is at least as robust as in normal RBCs. C1 Mahidol Univ, Siriraj Hosp, Fac Med, Dept Med,Off Res & Dev,Ctr Excellence Flow Cytome, Bangkok, Thailand. USA, Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Immunol & Med, Bangkok, Thailand. Becton Dickinson Biosci, San Jose, CA USA. RP Pattanapanyasat, K (reprint author), Mahidol Univ, Siriraj Hosp, Fac Med, Dept Med,Off Res & Dev,Ctr Excellence Flow Cytome, Bangkok, Thailand. NR 20 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 69 IS 4 BP 360 EP 365 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 741QZ UT WOS:000186469900002 PM 14640493 ER PT J AU McKenzie, FE Sirichaisinthop, J Miller, RS Gasser, RA Wongsrichanalai, C AF McKenzie, FE Sirichaisinthop, J Miller, RS Gasser, RA Wongsrichanalai, C TI Dependence of malaria detection and species diagnosis by microscopy on parasite density SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; INFECTIONS; DEVICES; THICK AB Giemsa-stained blood smears from each of 2,190 patients from Thai government-operated clinics on the Thailand-Myanmar border were independently examined by the on-duty microscopists at the clinics and by 2-3 research microscopists, each blinded to the clinics' and each other's reports. Using a strictly defined protocol, a consensus reference-standard blood smear interpretation for each sample was produced by the research microscopists. This result was compared with the clinic's diagnostic interpretation for the corresponding sample with respect to detection of parasitemia and diagnosis of infecting species. Reference-standard results reported parasitemia in 13.2% of the samples reported negative by the clinic. Reference-standard results were negative in 24.3% of the samples reported parasite-positive by the clinic. For samples in which both the reference-standard result and the clinic result reported parasitemia, species identification differed for 13.7% of the samples. The likelihood of parasite detection and correct diagnosis at the clinic varied in accordance with the reference-standard estimates of parasite density. C1 NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Minist Publ Hlth, Dept Communicable Dis Control, Bangkok, Thailand. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP McKenzie, FE (reprint author), NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bldg 10, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z99 TW999999] NR 24 TC 67 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 69 IS 4 BP 372 EP 376 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 741QZ UT WOS:000186469900004 PM 14640495 ER PT J AU Hodgkinson, VH Birungi, J Quintana, M Deitze, R Munstermann, LE AF Hodgkinson, VH Birungi, J Quintana, M Deitze, R Munstermann, LE TI Mitochondrial cytochrome B variation in populations of the visceral leishmaniasis vector Lutzomyia longipalpis across eastern Brazil SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID STRAND CONFORMATION POLYMORPHISM; GENETIC DIFFERENTIATION; BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERS; WHITMANI DIPTERA; DNA HAPLOTYPES; PERIOD GENE; PSYCHODIDAE; COMPLEX; SPECIATION; IDENTIFICATION AB A population analysis of peridomestic, light-trapped, field specimens of the phlebotomine sand fly Lutzomyia longipalpis was targeted to six locations representing a geographic transect across eastern Brazil. Mitochondrial cytochrome b gene sequences established the pattern of genetic variation among the populations. Alignment of a 261-basepair region at the 3' end of cytochrome b identified 30 haplotypes and 21 segregating sites from 78 sand flies. Pairwise comparisons indicated statistically significant population structuring between northern and southern populations, as well as structuring among the southern populations. Prominent spatial clustering was evident for two of the populations in a minimum spanning network of the haplotypes, but sequence divergence was not sufficient to indicate cryptic species. C1 Fairfield Univ, Dept Biol, Fairfield, CT 06430 USA. Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, New Haven, CT 06510 USA. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, St Lewis, WA USA. Univ Fed Espirito Santo, Nucleo Doencas Infecciosas, Vitoria, Espirito Santo, Brazil. RP Munstermann, LE (reprint author), Fairfield Univ, Dept Biol, Fairfield, CT 06430 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI-34521, AI-44793, AI-56254] NR 54 TC 26 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 69 IS 4 BP 386 EP 392 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 741QZ UT WOS:000186469900007 PM 14640498 ER PT J AU Rivera, VR Merill, GA White, JA Poli, MA AF Rivera, VR Merill, GA White, JA Poli, MA TI An enzymatic electrochemiluminescence assay for the lethal factor of anthrax SO ANALYTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID KINASE-KINASE; TOXIN; PROTEOLYSIS; INHIBITION; PROTEIN AB The lethal factor (LF) of anthrax toxin is the toxic component of the exotoxin (lethal toxin) secreted by toxic strains of Bacillus anthracis. The lethal factor is a zinc-dependent metalloprotease that specifically cleaves the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MAPKK) family of enzymes. We took advantage of this substrate specificity to develop an electrochemiluminescence (ECL) peptide cleavage assay. The ECL assay uses the stable ruthenium (Ru) metal chelate that, in the presence of tripropylamine, generates a light reaction triggered by the application of an electric potential. The Ru label is specifically incorporated into the C-terminal CYS residue of a synthetic peptide (23mer) containing the MAPKK2 cleavage sequence of LF. Streptavidin-coated paramagnetic beads were the solid phase and facilitated separation and characterization of the enzymatic reaction products based upon N-terminal biotinylation of the peptide substrate. Intact peptide bound via the biotin moiety generated high signal due to the Ru label, whereas binding of the cleaved peptide fragment devoid of Ru label reduced the ECL signal. The proposed assay provides a novel opportunity for the screening of potential therapeutics against anthrax. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Toxinol & Aerobiol Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. IGEN Int Inc, Gaithersburg, MD 20877 USA. RP Rivera, VR (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Toxinol & Aerobiol Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 19 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0003-2697 J9 ANAL BIOCHEM JI Anal. Biochem. PD OCT 1 PY 2003 VL 321 IS 1 BP 125 EP 130 DI 10.1016/S0003-2697(03)00424-X PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 723BX UT WOS:000185413500015 PM 12963063 ER PT J AU Gerhardt, RT Kernan, L Nelson, BK Lane, M Keenan, S MacKersie, A AF Gerhardt, RT Kernan, L Nelson, BK Lane, M Keenan, S MacKersie, A TI The guideline for abdominal pain in the emergency department setting phase I: Assessment of clinical criteria, plain abdominal radiography, and unenhanced helical computed tomography for the exclusion of patients requiring urgent abdominopelvic intervention SO ANNALS OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Research Forum of the American-College-of-Emergency-Physicians CY OCT 12-13, 2003 CL BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS SP Amer Coll Emergency Physicians C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Uniformed Serv Hlth Educ Consortium, San Antonio, TX USA. Texas Tech Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0196-0644 J9 ANN EMERG MED JI Ann. Emerg. Med. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 42 IS 4 SU S MA 207 BP S56 EP S57 PG 2 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 730JT UT WOS:000185828200204 ER PT J AU Mocny, M Cochrane, DG Allegra, JR Nguyen, T Pavlin, J Rothman, J AF Mocny, M Cochrane, DG Allegra, JR Nguyen, T Pavlin, J Rothman, J TI Improving agreement between two methods for biosurveillance of respiratory disease in the emergency department: Chief complaint and International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision diagnosis code SO ANNALS OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Research Forum of the American-College-of-Emergency-Physicians CY OCT 12-13, 2003 CL BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS SP Amer Coll Emergency Physicians C1 New York State Dept Hlth, Albany, NY USA. Morristown Mem Hosp, Morristown, NJ USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. Emergency Med Assoc New Jersey, Res Fdn, Livingston, NJ USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0196-0644 J9 ANN EMERG MED JI Ann. Emerg. Med. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 42 IS 4 SU S MA 261 BP S71 EP S71 PG 1 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 730JT UT WOS:000185828200256 ER PT J AU Meiselman, HL King, SC Weber, AJ AF Meiselman, HL King, SC Weber, AJ TI Relationship of acceptability to consumption in a meal-testing environment, and the use of intake to predict product acceptability in a meal SO APPETITE LA English DT Article ID PALATABILITY; RATINGS C1 USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. McCormick & Co Inc, Hunt Valley, MD 21031 USA. RP Meiselman, HL (reprint author), USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 6 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0195-6663 J9 APPETITE JI Appetite PD OCT PY 2003 VL 41 IS 2 BP 203 EP 204 DI 10.1016/S0195-6663(03)00025-4 PG 2 WC Behavioral Sciences; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Behavioral Sciences; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 738XG UT WOS:000186312700011 PM 14550319 ER PT J AU Bell, R Pliner, PL AF Bell, R Pliner, PL TI Time to eat: the relationship between the number of people eating and meal duration in three lunch settings SO APPETITE LA English DT Article DE fast food; meal duration; cafeteria; restaurant; group size ID SOCIAL FACILITATION; HUMANS OCCURS; FOOD-INTAKE; SIZE; FRIENDS AB We conducted an observational study of customers in three different types of lunch settings: a worksite cafeteria, a fast-food restaurant, and a moderately priced restaurant, and assessed the relationship between meal duration and the number of people eating at each table (group size). Results suggest a significant positive correlation between group size and meal duration, collapsing over eating settings. Analysis of variance yielded significant main effects of both eating setting and of group size, indicating that meal durations were longest in the moderately priced restaurant and shortest in the fast-food restaurant. An interaction between group size and eating setting indicates that the magnitude of the group size effect on meal duration differed in the different situations, with the effect of group size on duration being smallest, but still significant, in the fast-food setting compared with the other two settings. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Univ Toronto, Mississauga, ON 15L 1UO, Canada. RP Bell, R (reprint author), USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 21 TC 56 Z9 57 U1 1 U2 12 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0195-6663 J9 APPETITE JI Appetite PD OCT PY 2003 VL 41 IS 2 BP 215 EP 218 DI 10.1016/S0195-6663(03)00109-0 PG 4 WC Behavioral Sciences; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Behavioral Sciences; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 738XG UT WOS:000186312700016 PM 14550324 ER PT J AU Hua, DH Tamura, M Egi, M Werbovetz, K Delfin, D Salem, M Chiang, PK AF Hua, DH Tamura, M Egi, M Werbovetz, K Delfin, D Salem, M Chiang, PK TI Antiprotozoal activities of symmetrical bishydroxamic acids SO BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CYTODIFFERENTIATING AGENTS; HYDROXAMIC ACIDS; INHIBITORS; LEISHMANIA; POLYMERS; ANTIMALARIAL; TUBULIN AB Symmetrical bishydroxamic acids along with their sodium salts containing an alkyl spacer between two aromatic rings were synthesized, and their antiparasitic activities were evaluated. Bishydroxamic acids were conveniently prepared from the alkylation of methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate with various dihalo-alkane, -alkene, and -ether followed by reaction with hydroxylamine. Surprisingly, the bishydroxamic acids and their sodium salts possess strong inhibitory activities against Plasmodium falciparum parasites with IC50 values in the range of 0.26-3.2 muM. Bishydroxamic acid 3 and its sodium salt 12 also inhibit the growth of Leishmania donovani, albeit at higher concentrations. The corresponding biscarboxylic acids and bismethyl esters are inactive. Presumably, the ability of bishydroxamic acids to complex with metallic iron in hemoglobin may be responsible for antimalarial activity of these compounds. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Kansas State Univ, Dept Chem, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. Ohio State Univ, Coll Pharm, Div Med Chem & Pharmacognosy, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Appl Biochem, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Hua, DH (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Chem, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RI Werbovetz, Karl/E-4290-2011 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA86842] NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0968-0896 J9 BIOORGAN MED CHEM JI Bioorg. Med. Chem. PD OCT 1 PY 2003 VL 11 IS 20 BP 4357 EP 4361 DI 10.1016/S0968-0896(03)00522-4 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Organic SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry GA 723XE UT WOS:000185456200007 PM 13129572 ER PT J AU Andreotti, PE Ludwig, GV Peruski, AH Tuite, JJ Morse, SS Peruski, LF AF Andreotti, PE Ludwig, GV Peruski, AH Tuite, JJ Morse, SS Peruski, LF TI Immunoassay of infectious agents SO BIOTECHNIQUES LA English DT Review ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; PROTEIN-PROTEIN INTERACTIONS; LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAY; BIOLOGICAL WARFARE AGENTS; FLUORESCENCE POLARIZATION; RAPID IDENTIFICATION; ENZYME-IMMUNOASSAY; LABORATORY TESTS; ENTEROTOXIN-B; UNITED-STATES AB Immunoassays have evolved for a broad range of applications since the pioneering work, of Yalow and Berson who developed the first competitive radioimmunoassay (RIA) for human insulin in 1959. Immunoassay detection of specific antigens and host-produced antibodies directed against such antigens constitutes one of the most widely used and successful methods for diagnosing infectious diseases (IDs). The number and variety of new assay systems that are continually being developed reflect the increasing demand for immunoassays possessing greater sensitivity, speed, and ease of use. This trend has been driven, in part, by the need,for improved immunodiagnostic systems to perform rapid testing and counter emerging IDs and biothreat (BT) agents. Another factor driving this trend is the need to integrate immunoassays with more sensitive nucleic acid-based methods for a comprehensive approach. Here we examine the development of immunoassays, some of the key formats used for the detection and identification of BT/ID agents, and the application of these technologies under different scenarios. C1 ASD Biosyst Inc, Richmond, VA 23219 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Indiana Univ, Sch Med, NW Ctr Med Educ, Gary, IN 46408 USA. Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, New York, NY USA. RP Andreotti, PE (reprint author), ASD Biosyst Inc, 800 E Leigh St,Suite 112, Richmond, VA 23219 USA. NR 85 TC 67 Z9 74 U1 2 U2 20 PU EATON PUBLISHING CO PI NATICK PA 154 E. CENTRAL ST, NATICK, MA 01760 USA SN 0736-6205 J9 BIOTECHNIQUES JI Biotechniques PD OCT PY 2003 VL 35 IS 4 BP 850 EP 859 PG 10 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 731UD UT WOS:000185904100025 PM 14579751 ER PT J AU Khan, AS Thompson, R Cao, C Valdes, JJ AF Khan, AS Thompson, R Cao, C Valdes, JJ TI Selection and characterization of peptide memitopes binding to ricin SO BIOTECHNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE combinatorial library; detection of ricin; microarray; peptide; ricin ID LIBRARIES; CELLS AB A combinatorial random peptide display library expressed in E. coli was employed to identify short, linear peptide sequences that showed affinity for ricin and could be used as reagents for detection and identification of ricin. One peptide, P3, from a collection of four short peptides showed specific binding to ricin. The kinetic analysis of this peptide binding to the ricin showed lower equilibrium binding constants for the peptide P3 than monoclonal antibody. This is attributed due to both slower association and faster dissociation rates for the peptide P3. The random ricin peptide P3 binds to ricin with a K-D of 1 muM versus the antibody's K-D of 14 nM. This particular peptide memitope P3 against ricin showed specific binding to ricin without any significant cross-reactivity against other proteins such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), lysozyme and natural bacterial toxins such as Staphylococcal enterotoxins A and B. The results provided proof-of-principal that peptide memitopes are another choice of reagents due to ease in production to be used for the detection of highly toxic bio-threat or biowarfare agents such as ricin. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Khan, AS (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 11 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 5 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0141-5492 J9 BIOTECHNOL LETT JI Biotechnol. Lett. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 25 IS 19 BP 1671 EP 1675 DI 10.1023/A:1025618032335 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 719MV UT WOS:000185207600017 PM 14584927 ER PT J AU Moffett, JR Price, RA Anderson, SM Sipos, ML Moran, AV Tortella, FC Dave, JR AF Moffett, JR Price, RA Anderson, SM Sipos, ML Moran, AV Tortella, FC Dave, JR TI DNA fragmentation in leukocytes following subacute low-dose nerve agent exposure SO CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE biomarker; soman; blood; guinea pig; leukocyte; immune system; comet assay analysis ID INVOLVEMENT AB The objective of the present study was to determine levels of DNA fragmentation in blood leukocytes from guinea pigs by single-cell gel electrophoresis (comet assay) after exposure to the chemical warfare nerve agent (CWNA), soman, at doses ranging from 0.1 LD50 to 0.4 LD50, once per day for either 5 or 10 days. Post-exposure recovery periods ranged from 0 to 17 days. Leukocytes were imaged from each animal, and the images analyzed by computer. Data obtained for exposure to soman demonstrated significant increases in DNA fragmentation in circulating leukocytes in CWNA-treated guinea pigs compared with saline-injected control animals at all doses and time points examined. Notably, significantly increased DNA fragmentation was observed in leukocytes 17 days after cessation of soman exposure. Our findings demonstrate that leukocyte DNA fragmentation assays may provide a sensitive biomarker for low-dose CWNA exposure. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Drug Assessment Div, Adv Assessment Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Dave, JR (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RI Dave, Jitendra/A-8940-2011 NR 8 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU BIRKHAUSER VERLAG AG PI BASEL PA VIADUKSTRASSE 40-44, PO BOX 133, CH-4010 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1420-682X J9 CELL MOL LIFE SCI JI Cell. Mol. Life Sci. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 60 IS 10 BP 2266 EP 2271 DI 10.1007/s00018-003-3238-x PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 742LC UT WOS:000186517400021 PM 14618272 ER PT J AU Shorr, AF Ramage, AS Jackson, WL Kollef, MH AF Shorr, AF Ramage, AS Jackson, WL Kollef, MH TI Levofloxacin for ventilator-associated pneumonia SO CHEST LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Chest-Physicians CY OCT 25-30, 2003 CL ORLAMDO, FLORIDA SP Amer Coll Chest Physicians C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Potomac, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD OCT PY 2003 VL 124 IS 4 SU S BP 80S EP 80S PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 734RG UT WOS:000186070400029 ER PT J AU Guerrero, ML Cuneo, BM Hnatiuk, OW Shorr, A AF Guerrero, ML Cuneo, BM Hnatiuk, OW Shorr, A TI Vapotherm: A novel high-flow oxygen delivery system SO CHEST LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Chest-Physicians CY OCT 25-30, 2003 CL ORLAMDO, FLORIDA SP Amer Coll Chest Physicians C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD OCT PY 2003 VL 124 IS 4 SU S BP 93S EP 93S PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 734RG UT WOS:000186070400073 ER PT J AU Shorr, AF Lettieri, CJ Montilla, JL Bridwell, RS AF Shorr, AF Lettieri, CJ Montilla, JL Bridwell, RS TI Depreotide scanning in sarcoidosis: A pilot study SO CHEST LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Chest-Physicians CY OCT 25-30, 2003 CL ORLAMDO, FLORIDA SP Amer Coll Chest Physicians C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD OCT PY 2003 VL 124 IS 4 SU S BP 108S EP 109S PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 734RG UT WOS:000186070400122 ER PT J AU Shorr, AF AF Shorr, AF TI Causes of early death following lung transplantation in sarcoidosis SO CHEST LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Chest-Physicians CY OCT 25-30, 2003 CL ORLAMDO, FLORIDA SP Amer Coll Chest Physicians C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD OCT PY 2003 VL 124 IS 4 SU S BP 114S EP 114S PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 734RG UT WOS:000186070400138 ER PT J AU Lettieri, CJ Veerappan, GR Helman, DL Mulligan, CR Shorr, AF AF Lettieri, CJ Veerappan, GR Helman, DL Mulligan, CR Shorr, AF TI Safety of surgical lung biopsy in suspected idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis SO CHEST LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Chest-Physicians CY OCT 25-30, 2003 CL ORLAMDO, FLORIDA SP Amer Coll Chest Physicians C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD OCT PY 2003 VL 124 IS 4 SU S BP 116S EP 116S PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 734RG UT WOS:000186070400145 ER PT J AU Bell, AM Nathan, SD Shorr, AF Barnett, SD Helman, DL AF Bell, AM Nathan, SD Shorr, AF Barnett, SD Helman, DL TI The effect of interferon alone vs interferon plus corticosteroids in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis SO CHEST LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Chest-Physicians CY OCT 25-30, 2003 CL ORLAMDO, FLORIDA SP Amer Coll Chest Physicians C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD OCT PY 2003 VL 124 IS 4 SU S BP 117S EP 117S PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 734RG UT WOS:000186070400149 ER PT J AU Shorr, AF Kolleff, MH AF Shorr, AF Kolleff, MH TI Transfusion: A risk factor for ventilator-associated pneumonia SO CHEST LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Chest-Physicians CY OCT 25-30, 2003 CL ORLAMDO, FLORIDA SP Amer Coll Chest Physicians C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, CRIT Grp, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD OCT PY 2003 VL 124 IS 4 SU S BP 126S EP 126S PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 734RG UT WOS:000186070400177 ER PT J AU Shorr, AF Kolleff, MH Susla, GB AF Shorr, AF Kolleff, MH Susla, GB TI Cost-effectiveness of linezolid for treatment of ventilator-associated pneumonia SO CHEST LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Chest-Physicians CY OCT 25-30, 2003 CL ORLAMDO, FLORIDA SP Amer Coll Chest Physicians C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD OCT PY 2003 VL 124 IS 4 SU S BP 182S EP 182S PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 734RG UT WOS:000186070400358 ER PT J AU Shorr, AF Humphreys, CW Helman, DL Ramage, AS AF Shorr, AF Humphreys, CW Helman, DL Ramage, AS TI New choices for central venous catheters: Potential financial implications SO CHEST LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Chest-Physicians CY OCT 25-30, 2003 CL ORLAMDO, FLORIDA SP Amer Coll Chest Physicians C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD OCT PY 2003 VL 124 IS 4 SU S BP 182S EP 182S PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 734RG UT WOS:000186070400357 ER PT J AU Wink, JS AF Wink, JS TI An unusual presentation of an uncommon disease: A diffuse cystic radiologic pattern in a patient with localized pulmonary amyloidosis SO CHEST LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Chest-Physicians CY OCT 25-30, 2003 CL ORLAMDO, FLORIDA SP Amer Coll Chest Physicians C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD OCT PY 2003 VL 124 IS 4 SU S BP 280S EP 280S PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 734RG UT WOS:000186070400611 ER PT J AU Frenia, DS AF Frenia, DS TI Cyclic Cushing's Syndrome caused by periodic secretion of ACTH from a bronchial carcinoid tumor SO CHEST LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Chest-Physicians CY OCT 25-30, 2003 CL ORLAMDO, FLORIDA SP Amer Coll Chest Physicians C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD OCT PY 2003 VL 124 IS 4 SU S BP 304S EP 304S PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 734RG UT WOS:000186070400649 ER PT J AU Lettieri, CJ AF Lettieri, CJ TI Intralobar bronchopulmonary sequestrations associated with bronchogenic cysts SO CHEST LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Chest-Physicians CY OCT 25-30, 2003 CL ORLAMDO, FLORIDA SP Amer Coll Chest Physicians C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD OCT PY 2003 VL 124 IS 4 SU S BP 305S EP 306S PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 734RG UT WOS:000186070400651 ER PT J AU DeAngelo, AJ Mysliwiec, V AF DeAngelo, AJ Mysliwiec, V TI Resolution of severe sleep disordered breathing by a nasopharyngeal obturator in a case of nasopharyngeal stenosis complicating uvulopalatopharyngoplasty SO CHEST LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Chest-Physicians CY OCT 25-30, 2003 CL ORLAMDO, FLORIDA SP Amer Coll Chest Physicians ID APNEA C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD OCT PY 2003 VL 124 IS 4 SU S BP 308S EP 308S PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 734RG UT WOS:000186070400656 ER PT J AU Kirk, KL Kuklo, TR AF Kirk, KL Kuklo, TR TI Back pain in a 22-year-old man SO CLINICAL ORTHOPAEDICS AND RELATED RESEARCH LA English DT Editorial Material ID COCCIDIOIDOMYCOSIS; INFECTIONS; SPINE C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed Surg & Rehabil, Orthopaed Surg Serv, Residency Program, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Kirk, KL (reprint author), 2604 Telluride Pl, Silver Spring, MD 20906 USA. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-921X J9 CLIN ORTHOP RELAT R JI Clin. Orthop. Rel. Res. PD OCT PY 2003 IS 415 BP 319 EP 328 DI 10.1097/01.blo.0000092964.12414.97 PG 10 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA 737ZX UT WOS:000186263200040 PM 14612662 ER PT J AU Legree, P AF Legree, P TI Understanding driving: Applying cognitive psychology to a complex everyday task SO CONTEMPORARY PSYCHOLOGY-APA REVIEW OF BOOKS LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Inst Res, Select & Assignment Res Unit, Alexandria, VA 22333 USA. RP Legree, P (reprint author), USA, Inst Res, Select & Assignment Res Unit, 5001 Eisenhower Ave, Alexandria, VA 22333 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 0010-7549 J9 CONTEMP PSYCHOL JI Comtemp. Psychol. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 48 IS 5 BP 635 EP 636 PG 2 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA 732VR UT WOS:000185966700036 ER PT J AU Watt, G Parola, P AF Watt, G Parola, P TI Scrub typhus and tropical rickettsioses SO CURRENT OPINION IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Review DE Orientia tsutsugamushi; rickettsioses; scrub typhus; spotted fever ID MOUNTAIN-SPOTTED-FEVER; ORIENTIA-TSUTSUGAMUSHI; MURINE TYPHUS; NORTHERN THAILAND; CLINICAL-FEATURES; CHEMOKINE GENES; SOUTH-AFRICA; TICK TYPHUS; INFECTION; FELIS AB Purpose of review Recent developments in molecular taxonomic methods have led to a reclassification of rickettsial diseases. The agent responsible for scrub typhus (Orientia tsutsugamushi) has been removed from the genus Rickettsia and a bewildering array of new rickettsial pathogens have been described. An update of recent research findings is therefore particularly timely for the nonspecialist physician. Recent findings An estimated one billion people are at risk for scrub typhus and an estimated one million cases occur annually. The disease appears to be re-emerging in Japan, with seasonal transmission. O. tsutsugamushi has evolved a variety of mechanisms to remain viable in its intracellular habitat. Slowing the release of intracellular calcium inhibits apoptosis of macrophages. Subsets of chemokine genes are induced in infected cells, some in response to transcription factor activator protein 1. Cardiac involvement is uncommon and clinical complications are predominantly pulmonary. Serious pneumonitis occurred in 22% of Chinese patients. Dual infections with leptospirosis have been reported. Standardized diagnostic tests are being developed and attempts to improve treatment of women and children are being made. Of the numerous tick-borne rickettsioses identified in recent years, African tick-bite fever appears to be of particular importance to travellers. The newly described flea-borne spotted fever caused by Rickettsia felis may be global in distribution. Summary Rash and fever in a returning traveler could be rickettsial and presumptive doxycycline treatment can be curative. Recent research findings raise more questions than answers and should stimulate much needed research. C1 Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Retrovirol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Fac Med, WHO, Collaborat Ctr Rickettsial Reference & Res, Unit Rickettsies, Marseille, France. RP Watt, G (reprint author), Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Retrovirol, 315-6 Rajvithi Rd, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. NR 79 TC 151 Z9 162 U1 8 U2 27 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0951-7375 J9 CURR OPIN INFECT DIS JI Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 16 IS 5 BP 429 EP 436 DI 10.1097/01.qco.0000092814.64370.70 PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 736AT UT WOS:000186148600009 PM 14501995 ER PT J AU Forth, SC Favrow, LH Keat, WD Newman, JA AF Forth, SC Favrow, LH Keat, WD Newman, JA TI Three-dimensional mixed-mode fatigue crack growth in a functionally graded titanium alloy SO ENGINEERING FRACTURE MECHANICS LA English DT Article DE functionally graded; titanium; fatigue crack growth; mixed-mode ID SURFACE INTEGRAL METHOD; TI-6AL-4V AB The implementation of unitized structure in the aerospace industry has resulted in complex geometries and load paths. Hence, structural failure due to three-dimensional mixed-mode fatigue crack growth is a mounting concern. In addition, the development of functionally graded materials has further complicated structural integrity issues by intentionally introducing material variability to create desirable mechanical behavior. Ti-6Al-4V beta-STOA (solution treated over-aged) titanium is a functionally graded metallic alloy that has been tailored for superior fatigue crack growth and fracture response compared with traditional titanium alloys. Specifically, the near-surface material of Ti beta-STOA is resistant to fatigue crack incubation and the interior is more resistant to fatigue crack growth and fracture. Therefore, Ti beta-STOA is well suited for applications where surface cracking is a known failure mode. Advances in experimental testing have shown that complex loading conditions and multi-faceted materials can be tested reliably. In this paper, the authors will experimentally generate three-dimensional mixed-mode surface crack data in functionally graded Ti-6Al-4V beta-STOA and comment on the effect of the material tailoring. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. Pratt & Whitney Aircraft, E Hartford, CT USA. Union Coll, Dept Mech Engn, Schenectady, NY 12308 USA. USA, Res Lab, Vehicle Technol Directorate, Hampton, VA USA. RP Forth, SC (reprint author), NASA, Langley Res Ctr, MS 188E,2 W Reid St, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. NR 19 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0013-7944 J9 ENG FRACT MECH JI Eng. Fract. Mech. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 70 IS 15 BP 2175 EP 2185 DI 10.1016/S0013-7944(02)00237-0 PG 11 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA 705EX UT WOS:000184383700012 ER PT J AU Krinitzsky, EL AF Krinitzsky, EL TI How to combine deterministic and probabilistic methods for assessing earthquake hazards SO ENGINEERING GEOLOGY LA English DT Article DE deterministic seismic hazard analysis; probabilistic seismic hazard analysis; uncertainty; logic trees; multiple expert opinion; deaggregation; earthquake engineering ID ALEATORY UNCERTAINTY; SHTICK AB Deterministic seismic hazard analysis (DSHA) and probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA) are incompatible methods. DSHA is based on geology and is attuned to physical reality in nature; PSHA is based on earthquake statistics and theory-guided numerical calculations. PSHA is less reliable than DSHA because PSHA is full of grave uncertainties that are created by the method itself, DSHA is more reliable because it deals principally with observed geological facts and is logical and transparent. DSHA and PSHA can be combined to advantage if one accepts that they are not equally valid. To combine them, one must recognize the weaknesses in PSHA and not use PSHA for design of critical structures. Only DSHA is suitable for that purpose. However, PSHA can be used for (1) preliminary evaluations, (2) for an operating basis earthquake (OBE), (3) for risk analysis when unrelated to design decisions for a critical project, and (4) for design of non-critical construction. Probabilistic methods that should never be used are (1) multiple expert opinion, (2) logic trees, and (3) deaggregation. No unrepentant seismic probabilist will agree to this diminishment of PSHA. Consequently, DSHA and PSHA will remain irreconcilable. The solution is for policymakers in regulatory agencies and owners of major engineering projects to determine which of the methods to use or in what combination. They need to (1) engage open-minded advisors, (2) ask hard questions, and (3) choose wisely. Meanwhile, Krinitzsky [Eng. Geol. 65 (2002) 1] provides procedures to obtain earthquake ground motions for engineering design that combine DSHA and PSHA according to the above criteria. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Corps Engineers, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Geotech & Struct Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Krinitzsky, EL (reprint author), Corps Engineers, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Geotech & Struct Lab, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 9 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0013-7952 J9 ENG GEOL JI Eng. Geol. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 70 IS 1-2 BP 157 EP 163 DI 10.1016/S0013-7952(02)00269-7 PG 7 WC Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA 727DK UT WOS:000185641200010 ER PT J AU Boddu, VM Abburi, K Talbott, JL Smith, ED AF Boddu, VM Abburi, K Talbott, JL Smith, ED TI Removal of hexavalent chromium from wastewater using a new composite chitosan biosorbent SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CROSS-LINKED CHITOSAN; METAL-IONS; ADSORPTION BEHAVIOR; ACTIVATED CARBON; HEAVY-METALS; BIOSORPTION; EQUILIBRIUM; CR(VI); RESIN; BEADS AB A new composite chitosan biosorbent was prepared by coating chitosan, a glucosamine biopolymer, onto ceramic alumina. The composite bioadsorbent was characterized by high-temperature pyrolysis, porosimetry, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Batch isothermal equilibrium and continuous column adsorption experiments were conducted at 25 degreesC to evaluate the biosorbent for the removal of hexavalent chromium from synthetic as well as field samples obtained from chrome plating facilities. The effect of pH, sulfate, and chloride ion on adsorption was also investigated. The biosorbent loaded with Cr(VI) was regenerated using 0.1 M sodium hydroxide solution. A comparison of the results of the present investigation with those reported in the literature showed that chitosan coated on alumina exhibits greater adsorption capacity for chromium(VI). Further, experimental equilibrium data were fitted to Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms, and values of the parameters of the isotherms are reported. The ultimate capacity obtained from the Langmuir model is 153.85 mg/g chitosan. C1 USA, Construct Engn Res Lab, Environm Proc Branch, Champaign, IL 61826 USA. Univ Illinois, Illinois Dept Nat Resources, Illinois Waste Management & Res Ctr, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. RP Boddu, VM (reprint author), USA, Construct Engn Res Lab, Environm Proc Branch, Champaign, IL 61826 USA. NR 35 TC 282 Z9 289 U1 9 U2 118 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD OCT 1 PY 2003 VL 37 IS 19 BP 4449 EP 4456 DI 10.1021/es021013a PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 728BZ UT WOS:000185696500041 PM 14572099 ER PT J AU Danprasert, K Kumar, R H-Cheng, M Gupta, P Shakil, NA Prasad, AK Parmar, VS Kumar, J Samuelson, LA Watterson, AC AF Danprasert, K Kumar, R H-Cheng, M Gupta, P Shakil, NA Prasad, AK Parmar, VS Kumar, J Samuelson, LA Watterson, AC TI Synthesis of novel poly(ethylene glycol) based amphiphilic polymers SO EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID BLOCK-COPOLYMER MICELLES; VEHICLES; DERIVATIVES; OXIDE); WATER; DRUGS AB The synthesis of new amphiphilic polyesters based on poly(ethylene glycol) (PEGs) and studies on their solution properties are reported. Two novel monomers, dimethyl 5-n-butoxy isophthalate (2) and dimethyl 5-n-octoxy isophthalate (3) were synthesized. Three series of novel amphiphilic polyesters, i.e. poly(ethyleneoxy isophthalate)s (10-15), poly(ethyleneoxy n-butoxy isophthalate)s (16-21) and poly(ethyleneoxy n-octoxy isophthalate)s (22-27) have been synthesized from PEGs of different sizes and dimethyl isophthalates 1-3 via the transesterification-polycondensation using dibutyltin diacetate as a catalyst. The structures of the polyesters were established from a detailed analysis of their spectra. i.e. FTIR, H-1-NMR (one- and two-dimensional) and C-13-NMR. By adjusting the ratio of hydrophobic (diesters) and hydrophilic (PEGs) segments in polymers, their main chain structures and solution properties could be changed. The viscosity molecular weights (M-v) of polymers, obtained from Mark-Houwink-Sakurada relationship having poly(ethylene terephthalate) as a model, were in the range of 4500-32,000 g/mol. Intrinsic viscosities were studied based on polymer backbone length (PEGs effect) and pendant group (diesters effect) and these were found to be dependent on molecular weights of the PEGs used. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Massachusetts, Inst Nanosci & Engn Technol, Dept Chem, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Dept Chem, Ctr Adv Mat, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. Univ Delhi, Dept Chem, Bioorgan Lab, Delhi 110007, India. USA, Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Watterson, AC (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Inst Nanosci & Engn Technol, Dept Chem, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. RI SHAKIL, NAJAM/H-1377-2011 NR 21 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 2 U2 15 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0014-3057 J9 EUR POLYM J JI Eur. Polym. J. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 39 IS 10 BP 1983 EP 1990 DI 10.1016/S0014-3057(03)00111-3 PG 8 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 728TW UT WOS:000185733300006 ER PT J AU Nindl, BC Kraemer, WJ Marx, JO Tuckow, AP Hymer, WC AF Nindl, BC Kraemer, WJ Marx, JO Tuckow, AP Hymer, WC TI Growth hormone molecular heterogeneity and exercise SO EXERCISE AND SPORT SCIENCES REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE isoforms; immunofunctional; growth hormone; immunoassays ID RESISTANCE EXERCISE; ASSAY; WOMEN; HGH AB There are more than 100 molecular isoforms of circulating growth hormone (GH), but the traditional measurement approach in the exercise literature has only focused on the main isoform (i.e., 22 kDa). New assay methodologies now can assess various GH isoforms. The current data suggest that exercise results in the preferential release of GH isoforms with extended half-lives, thereby sustaining biological actions. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Performance Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Univ Connecticut, Dept Kinesiol, Human Performance Lab, Storrs, CT USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Kinesiol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Nindl, BC (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Performance Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 15 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0091-6331 J9 EXERC SPORT SCI REV JI Exerc. Sport Sci. Rev. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 31 IS 4 BP 161 EP 166 DI 10.1097/00003677-200310000-00002 PG 6 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 730NE UT WOS:000185836200002 PM 14571954 ER PT J AU Williams, AJ Lu, XCM Hartings, JA Tortella, FC AF Williams, AJ Lu, XCM Hartings, JA Tortella, FC TI Neuroprotection assessment by topographic electroencephalographic analysis: effects of a sodium channel blocker to reduce polymorphic delta activity following ischaemic brain injury in rats SO FUNDAMENTAL & CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE EEG; ischaemia; MCAo; RS100642; sodium channels; stroke ID CEREBRAL-ARTERY OCCLUSION; D-ASPARTATE ANTAGONIST; QUANTITATIVE ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY; FOCAL ISCHEMIA; BLOOD-FLOW; STROKE; EEG; MODEL; INFARCTION; TOMOGRAPHY AB The spatiotemporal electroencephalogram (EEG) pathology associated with brain injury was studied using high-resolution, 10-electrode cortical EEG mapping in a rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo). Using this model we evaluated the ability of the novel sodium channel blocker and neuroprotective agent RS100642 to resolve injury-induced EEG abnormalities as a measure of neurophysiological recovery from brain injury. The middle cerebral artery (MCA) was occluded for I h during which a dramatic loss of EEG power was measured over the injured cortex with near complete recovery upon reperfusion of blood to the MCA region in all rats. The resultant progression of the MCAo/reperfusion injury (6-72 h) included the appearance of diffuse polymorphic delta activity (PDA), as visually indicated by the presence of high-amplitude slow-waves recorded from both brain hemispheres. PDA was associated with large increases in EEG power, particularly evident in outer 'peri-infarct' regions of the ipsilateral parietal cortex as visualized using topographic EEG mapping. Post-injury treatment with RS100642 (1.0 mg/kg, i.v.) significantly reduced the PDA activity and attenuated the increase in EEG power throughout the course of the injury. These effects were associated with a reduction in brain infarct volume and improved neurological function. These methods of EEG analysis may be helpful tools to evaluate the physiological recovery of the brain from injury in humans following treatment with an experimental neuroprotective compound. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Williams, AJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 38 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0767-3981 J9 FUND CLIN PHARMACOL JI Fundam. Clin. Pharmacol. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 17 IS 5 BP 581 EP 593 DI 10.1046/j.1472-8206.2003.00183.x PG 13 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 732RK UT WOS:000185959200007 PM 14703719 ER PT J AU Silverman, M Ruble, P Zlamal, R Golden, A Hornick, R AF Silverman, M Ruble, P Zlamal, R Golden, A Hornick, R TI The use of protective masks by older adults in the event of a biological or chemical terrorist attack SO GERONTOLOGIST LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USAReserve Command, Ft McPherson, GA USA. 324th Combat Support Hosp, Miami, FL USA. Orlando Reg Med Ctr Inc, Orlando, FL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU GERONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1275 K STREET NW SUITE 350, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4006 USA SN 0016-9013 J9 GERONTOLOGIST JI Gerontologist PD OCT PY 2003 VL 43 SI 1 BP 250 EP 250 PG 1 WC Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 734VF UT WOS:000186078100701 ER PT J AU Winter, WE Seidman, JD Krivak, TC Chauhan, S Carlson, JW Rose, GS Birrer, MJ AF Winter, WE Seidman, JD Krivak, TC Chauhan, S Carlson, JW Rose, GS Birrer, MJ TI Clinicopathological analysis of c-kit expression in carcinosarcomas and leiomyosarcomas of the uterine corpus SO GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE c-kit; carcinosarcoma; leiomyosarcoma ID STEM-CELL FACTOR; GASTROINTESTINAL STROMAL TUMORS; CHRONIC MYELOID-LEUKEMIA; ABL TYROSINE KINASE; RECEPTOR; TISSUES; UTERUS; EPITHELIUM; CD117; RECURRENCE AB Objective. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the expression of the protooncogene, c-kit, in carcinosarcomas and leiomyosarcomas of the uterine corpus and determine the associations between c-kit expression and clinicopathologic factors, including clinical outcome. Methods and materials. Using a polyclonal anti-KIT-antibody, immunohistochemical staining was performed on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue blocks from 21 carcinosarcomas, 17 leiomyosarcomas, and 1 endometrial stromal sarcoma. KIT-positive tumors were defined as those tumors demonstrating immunopositivity in greater than or equal to30% of tumor cells examined. KIT-negative lesions demonstrated immunopositivity in <30% of tumor cells. Two authors independently scored the slides as positive or negative. Staining was repeated on all specimens and independently scored, and in the occasion of a mismatch, a third staining was performed. The carcinosarcomas were catalogued as to whether the sarcomatous and/or carcinomatous elements expressed c-kit. Clinical data were abstracted for those patients with uterine carcinosarcomas. The associations between clinicopathologic characteristics and c-kit expression were compared using univariate and multivariate analyses. Kaplan-Meier curves based on c-kit expression were plotted for progression-free and overall survival and compared using the log-rank test. Results. Nine of 21 (43%) carcinosarcomas demonstrated immunopositivity for the KIT receptor, although staining was relatively weak. In contrast, only 1/17 (6%) leiomyosarcomas demonstrated KIT immunopositivity (P = 0.029). The solitary endometrial stromal sarcoma evaluated did not demonstrate significant KIT positivity. The majority of KIT-positive carcinosarcomas (6/9 (67%)) demonstrated KIT presence in the sarcomatous portion as compared to the carcinomatous portion (4/9 (44%)). No clinical factor had a statistically significant association with c-kit expression. The lack of c-kit expression was the only factor that was significantly associated with disease recurrence in univariate and multivariate analyses (P < 0.05), although there appeared to be a trend toward a low stage associated with kit positivity. The median progression-free interval for the KIT-negative cohort was 8 months, while it had not been reached for the KIT-positive cohort after median follow-up of 15 months, (P = 0.0462). Conclusions. A significant proportion of carcinosarcomas of the uterine corpus display immunoreactivity for c-kit. Patients with KIT-positive carcinosarcomas may have an improved progression-free survival compared to KIT-negative tumors; however, further data are needed to determine whether this finding is confounded by stage. (C) 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Gynecol Oncol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Washington Hosp Ctr, Dept Pathol, Washington, DC 20010 USA. Washington Hosp Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Washington, DC 20010 USA. NCI, Dept Cell & Canc Biol, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. RP Birrer, MJ (reprint author), Key W Res Ctr, 9610 Med Ctr Dr,Room 300, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. NR 27 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0090-8258 J9 GYNECOL ONCOL JI Gynecol. Oncol. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 91 IS 1 BP 3 EP 8 DI 10.1016/S0090-8258(03)00436-0 PG 6 WC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 728RY UT WOS:000185731200002 PM 14529656 ER PT J AU Winter, WE McBroom, JW Carlson, JW Rose, GS Elkas, JC AF Winter, WE McBroom, JW Carlson, JW Rose, GS Elkas, JC TI The utility of gastrojejunostomy in secondary cytoreduction and palliation of proximal intestinal obstruction in recurrent ovarian cancer SO GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE gastrojejunostomy; ovarian cancer; intestinal obstruction; bypass ID CARCINOMA; SURGERY; SURVIVAL; FEATURES; BYPASS AB Introduction. Gastrointestinal obstruction is a common complication of recurrent ovarian cancer. Proximal intestinal obstruction, at the level of the duodenum or proximal jejunum, can result from bulky intraperitoneal or retroperitoneal disease. Classic management has been palliation of symptoms with a gastrostomy or jejunostomy tube. Cases. We describe a series of four patients with recurrent ovarian carcinoma and proximal intestinal obstructions treated with a bypass stapled side-to-side gastrojejunostomy at the time of secondary cytoreduction or surgical palliation. The clinical history, preoperative evaluation, surgical technique, and outcomes of each patient are reviewed. Discussion. Gastrojejunostomy may offer patients with ovarian cancer and a proximal intestinal obstruction symptomatic relief and an opportunity for resumption of enteral feedings. (C) 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Gynecol Oncol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Elkas, JC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Gynecol Oncol, 6900 Georgia Ave NW,Room 6762,Bldg 2, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0090-8258 J9 GYNECOL ONCOL JI Gynecol. Oncol. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 91 IS 1 BP 261 EP 264 DI 10.1016/S0090-8258(03)00476-1 PG 4 WC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 728RY UT WOS:000185731200038 PM 14529692 ER PT J AU Esmat, GH Abouzied, A Abdel-Hamid, M Mohamed, MK Zalata, K El Raziky, MS Ismael, SA Said, M Hasan, A Anwar, M Shaheen, A Abdel-Aziz, F Mikhail, NN Ismail, A Fix, A Strickland, TG Sjogren, MH AF Esmat, GH Abouzied, A Abdel-Hamid, M Mohamed, MK Zalata, K El Raziky, MS Ismael, SA Said, M Hasan, A Anwar, M Shaheen, A Abdel-Aziz, F Mikhail, NN Ismail, A Fix, A Strickland, TG Sjogren, MH TI Results of a randomized clinical trial of genotype-4 infected subjects when treated with standard or pegylated interferon alfa-2b in combination with ribavirin. SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 54th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-the-Study-of-Liver-Disease CY OCT 24-28, 2003 CL BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS SP Amer Assoc Study Liver Diseases C1 Inst Trop Med, Cairo, Egypt. NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Univ Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD OCT PY 2003 VL 38 IS 4 SU 1 MA 324 BP 314A EP 315A PG 2 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 730ER UT WOS:000185816700325 ER PT J AU Harrison, SA Oliver, DA Torgerson, S Paul, H Neuschwander-Tetri, BA AF Harrison, SA Oliver, DA Torgerson, S Paul, H Neuschwander-Tetri, BA TI NASH: Clinical assessment of 501 patients from two separate Academic Medical Centers with validation of a clinical scoring system for advanced hepatic fibrosis. SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 54th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-the-Study-of-Liver-Disease CY OCT 24-28, 2003 CL BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS SP Amer Assoc Study Liver Diseases C1 St Louis Univ, St Louis, MO 63103 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Colorado, Denver, CO 80202 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD OCT PY 2003 VL 38 IS 4 SU 1 MA 730 BP 511A EP 511A PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 730ER UT WOS:000185816700734 ER PT J AU Lawitz, EJ Cantu, NS Davis, M Afdhal, N Curry, M Mailliard, M Adams, F Tsai, N Gasic, A Kothari, T Ganeshappa, KP Cox, J Silverman, B Kadakia, SC AF Lawitz, EJ Cantu, NS Davis, M Afdhal, N Curry, M Mailliard, M Adams, F Tsai, N Gasic, A Kothari, T Ganeshappa, KP Cox, J Silverman, B Kadakia, SC TI Triple therapy compared to standard Pegylated Interferon Alfa 2b plus Weight Based Ribavirin for treatment Naive chronic Hepatitis C [Tri-Star trial]: Final results. SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 54th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-the-Study-of-Liver-Disease CY OCT 24-28, 2003 CL BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS SP Amer Assoc Study Liver Diseases C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. S Florida Ctr Gastroenterol, W Palm Beach, FL USA. Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Univ Nebraska, Med Ctr, Omaha, NE USA. Austin Consultants Gastroenterol, Austin, TX USA. St Francis Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI USA. Longview Gastroenterol Clin, Longview, TX USA. Digest Dis Ctr S Texas, San Antonio, TX USA. Texas Digest Dis Consultants, Lewisville, TX USA. Gastroenterol Associates, Olympia, WA USA. Inst Liver & Gastrointestinal Dis, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD OCT PY 2003 VL 38 IS 4 SU 1 MA 997 BP 636A EP 637A PG 2 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 730ER UT WOS:000185816700997 ER PT J AU Hurley, S Lawitz, EJ AF Hurley, S Lawitz, EJ TI Hepatitis C treatment practice patterns in the United States: A national survey. SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 54th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-the-Study-of-Liver-Disease CY OCT 24-28, 2003 CL BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS SP Amer Assoc Study Liver Diseases C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD OCT PY 2003 VL 38 IS 4 SU 1 MA 1120 BP 695A EP 695A PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 730ER UT WOS:000185816701119 ER PT J AU Ahmed, F Jacobson, IM Hargrave, T Lawitz, E Migicovsky, B Reddy, V Terrault, N Brown, RS Brass, C AF Ahmed, F Jacobson, IM Hargrave, T Lawitz, E Migicovsky, B Reddy, V Terrault, N Brown, RS Brass, C TI Diabetes mellitus of new onset during pegylated interferon and ribavirin therapy for chronic hepatitis C: Observations from the WIN-R Trial. SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 54th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-the-Study-of-Liver-Disease CY OCT 24-28, 2003 CL BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS SP Amer Assoc Study Liver Diseases C1 Cornell Univ, Weill Med Coll, New York, NY USA. Eastbay Ctr Digest Hlth, Oakland, CA USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Columbia Presbyterian Med Ctr, New York, NY 10032 USA. Schering Plough Res Inst, Kenilworth, NJ USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD OCT PY 2003 VL 38 IS 4 SU 1 MA 1190 BP 730A EP 731A PG 2 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 730ER UT WOS:000185816701189 ER PT J AU Lawitz, EJ Cantu, NS Davis, M Afdhal, N Curry, M Mailliard, M Adams, F Tsai, N Gasic, A Kothari, T Ganeshappa, KP Cox, J Silverman, B Kadakia, SC AF Lawitz, EJ Cantu, NS Davis, M Afdhal, N Curry, M Mailliard, M Adams, F Tsai, N Gasic, A Kothari, T Ganeshappa, KP Cox, J Silverman, B Kadakia, SC TI Triple therapy compared to standard Pegylated Interferon Alfa 2b plus weight based Ribavirin for previous nonresponders and relapsers with chronic hepatitis C. SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 54th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-the-Study-of-Liver-Disease CY OCT 24-28, 2003 CL BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS SP Amer Assoc Study Liver Diseases C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. S Florida Ctr Gastroenterol, W Palm Beach, FL USA. Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Univ Nebraska, Med Ctr, Omaha, NE USA. Austin Consultants Gastroenterol, Austin, TX USA. St Francis Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI USA. Longvie Gastroenterol Clin, Longview, TX USA. Digest Dis Ctr S Texas, San Antonio, TX USA. Texas Digest Dis Consultants, Lewisville, TX USA. Gastroenterol Associates, Olympia, WA USA. Inst Liver & Gastrointestinal Dis, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD OCT PY 2003 VL 38 IS 4 SU 1 MA 1209 BP 742A EP 742A PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 730ER UT WOS:000185816701208 ER PT J AU Wagner, TS AF Wagner, TS TI On coming to America SO HOSPITALS & HEALTH NETWORKS LA English DT Letter C1 US Dept Def, Hlth Serv Reg 3 15, Ft Gordon, GA USA. RP Wagner, TS (reprint author), US Dept Def, Hlth Serv Reg 3 15, Ft Gordon, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU HEALTH FORUM INC PI CHICAGO PA ONE NORTH FRANKLIN ST, CHICAGO, IL 60606 USA SN 1068-8838 J9 HOSP HEALTH NETWORK JI Hosp. Health Netw. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 77 IS 10 BP 10 EP + PG 2 WC Health Policy & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA 731YA UT WOS:000185913000003 PM 14595935 ER PT J AU Wittstruck, RH Tong, XJ Emanetoglu, NW Wu, P Chen, YM Zhu, J Muthukumar, S Lu, YC Ballato, A AF Wittstruck, RH Tong, XJ Emanetoglu, NW Wu, P Chen, YM Zhu, J Muthukumar, S Lu, YC Ballato, A TI Characteristics of MgxZn1-xO thin film bulk acoustic wave devices SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ULTRASONICS FERROELECTRICS AND FREQUENCY CONTROL LA English DT Article ID PIEZOELECTRIC MATERIALS; ZNO AB Piezoelectric thin film zinc oxide (ZnO) and its ternary alloy magnesium zinc oxide (MgxZn1-xO) have broad applications in transducers, resonators, and filters. In this work, we present a new bulk acoustic wave (BAW) structure consisting of Al/MgxZn1-xO/n(+)-ZnO/r-sapphire, where Al and n(+) type ZnO serve as the top and bottom electrode, respectively. The epitaxial MgxZn1-xO films have the same epitaxial relationships with the substrate as ZnO on r-Al2O3, resulting in the c-axis of the MgxZn1-xO being in the growth plane. This relationship promotes shear bulk wave propagation that affords sensing in liquid phase media without the dampening effects found in longitudinal wave mode BAW devices. The BAW velocity and electromechanical coupling coefficient of MgxZn1-xO can be tailored by varying the Mg composition, which provides an alternative and complementary method to adjust the BAW characteristics by changing the piezoelectric film thickness. This provides flexibility to design the operating frequencies of thin film bulk acoustic wave devices. Frequency responses of devices with two acoustic wave modes propagating in the specified structure are analyzed using a transmission line model. Measured results show good agreement with simulation. C1 Rutgers State Univ, Sch Engn, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. USA, Commun Elect Command, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Wittstruck, RH (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Sch Engn, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. NR 20 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0885-3010 J9 IEEE T ULTRASON FERR JI IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control PD OCT PY 2003 VL 50 IS 10 BP 1272 EP 1278 DI 10.1109/TUFFC.2003.1244743 PG 7 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Acoustics; Engineering GA 736UT UT WOS:000186192100007 PM 14609066 ER PT J AU Lodha, SK Faaland, NM Renteria, JC AF Lodha, SK Faaland, NM Renteria, JC TI Topology preserving top-down compression of 2D vector fields using bintree and triangular quadtrees SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VISUALIZATION AND COMPUTER GRAPHICS LA English DT Article DE vector fields; compression; topology; top-down; bintree; quadtree; hierarchical algorithm AB We present a hierarchical top-down refinement algorithm for compressing 2D vector fields that preserves topology. Our approach is to reconstruct the data set using adaptive refinement that considers topology. The algorithms start with little data and subdivide regions that are most likely to reconstruct the original topology of the given data set. We use two different refinement techniques. The first technique uses bintree subdivision and linear interpolation. The second algorithm is driven by triangular quadtree subdivision with Coons patch quadratic interpolation. We employ local error metrics to measure the quality of compression and as a global metric we compute Earth Mover's Distance (EMD) to measure the deviation from the original topology. Experiments with both analytic and simulated data sets are presented. Results indicate that one can obtain significant compression with low errors without losing topological information. Advantages and disadvantages of different topology preserving compression algorithms are also discussed in the paper. C1 Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Comp Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Army Res Lab, Aberdeen, MD USA. RP Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Comp Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. EM lodha@cse.ucsc.edu; auldane@cruzio.com; jrenteria@arl.army.mil NR 31 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 1077-2626 EI 1941-0506 J9 IEEE T VIS COMPUT GR JI IEEE Trans. Vis. Comput. Graph. PD OCT-DEC PY 2003 VL 9 IS 4 BP 433 EP 442 DI 10.1109/TVCG.2003.1260738 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA 734FZ UT WOS:000186045500001 ER PT J AU Manabe, YC Dannenberg, AM Tyagi, SK Hatem, CL Yoder, M Woolwine, SC Zook, BC Pitt, MLM Bishai, WR AF Manabe, YC Dannenberg, AM Tyagi, SK Hatem, CL Yoder, M Woolwine, SC Zook, BC Pitt, MLM Bishai, WR TI Different strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis cause various spectrums of disease in the rabbit model of tuberculosis SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID EXPERIMENTAL AIRBORNE TUBERCULOSIS; HOST-PARASITE RELATIONSHIPS; GUINEA-PIGS; TUBERCLE-BACILLI; PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS; VIRULENCE; MICE; GENOMES; MICROTI; H37RV AB The rabbit model of tuberculosis has been used historically to differentiate between Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium bovis based on their relative virulence in this animal host. M. tuberculosis infection in market rabbits is cleared over time, whereas infection with M. bovis results in chronic, progressive, cavitary disease leading to death. Because of the innate resistance of commercial rabbits to M. tuberculosis, 320 to 1,890 log-phase, actively growing inhaled bacilli were required to form one grossly visible pulmonary tubercle at 5 weeks. The range of inhaled doses required to make one tubercle allows us to determine the relative pathogenicities of different strains. Fewer inhaled organisms of the M. tuberculosis Erdman strain were required than of M. tuberculosis H37Rv to produce a visible lesion at 5 weeks. Furthermore, with the Erdman strain, only 7 of 15 rabbits had healed lesions at 16 to 18 weeks; among the other animals, two had chronic, progressive cavitary disease, a phenotype usually seen only with M. bovis infection. Genotypic investigation of the Erdman strain with an H37Rv-based microarray identified gene differences in the RD6 region. Southern blot and PCR structural genetic analysis showed significant differences between M. tuberculosis strains in this region. Correlation of the relative pathogenicity, including disease severity, in the rabbit model with the strain genotype may help identify stage-specific M. tuberculosis genes important in human disease. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Pathol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Mol Microbiol & Immunol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Aerobiol & Prod Evaluat, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. George Washington Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Washington, DC 20037 USA. RP Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Med, 424 N Bond St,Room 1108, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM ymanabe@jhmi.edu FU NHLBI NIH HHS [1R01 HL 71554-01, R01 HL071554]; NIAID NIH HHS [K08 AI 01689-01] NR 41 TC 92 Z9 96 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 EI 1098-5522 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 71 IS 10 BP 6004 EP 6011 DI 10.1128/IAI.71.10.6004-6011.2003 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 725PH UT WOS:000185551200061 PM 14500521 ER PT J AU Choi, KK Lin, CH Leung, KM Tamir, T Mao, J Tsui, DC Jhabvala, M AF Choi, KK Lin, CH Leung, KM Tamir, T Mao, J Tsui, DC Jhabvala, M TI Broadband and narrow band light coupling for QWIPs SO INFRARED PHYSICS & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Quantum Well Infrared Photodetectors (QWIP 2002) CY OCT 13-17, 2002 CL TURIN, ITALY DE infrared detector; quantum well; light-coupling; FPA ID WELL INFRARED PHOTODETECTORS; PERFORMANCE; WAVELENGTH AB In this work, we will present a detailed study on the corrugated coupling scheme, which uses optical reflection at the angled sidewalls. In particular, we have investigated, both theoretically and experimentally, corrugated quantum well infrared photodetectors (QWIPs) with different cover materials over a wide range of spectral regime. We found that the coupling is insensitive to the wavelength but depends strongly on the optical properties of the cover material. We will also present the results of C-QWIP focal plane arrays (FPA) characterized so far. An important advantage of the corrugated coupling is its scalability to small pixel size. Based on one corrugation per pixel geometry, we have fabricated a 1024 x 1024 C-QWIP FPA with 99.5% connectivity. With the corrugated coupling geometry, many application restrictions on QWIPs can be eliminated. We will further show that the lack of normal incident absorption in QWIPs can actually be an advantage. It allows one to manipulate the absorption characteristics of QWIPs through different optical coupling structures and creates new detector functionality. The present example is an infrared spectrometer. It consists of a linear array of quantum grid infrared photodetector (QGIP) elements. Each QGIP element shares the same QWIP material but has different grid geometry. The QWIP is made of broadband materials such as the binary superlattices to give an extremely broadband (similar to10 mum) absorption. The structure of the grid, on the other hand, determines the specific wavelength to detect at each detector element in the array. In the QGIP spectrometer, detectors with different line widths will detect different wavelengths simultaneously, thus yielding the emission spectrum of an object. A collection of QGIP spectrometers can form an adaptive FPA. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USN, Res Lab, Electroopt & Photon Div, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Polytech Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Brooklyn, NY 11201 USA. Princeton Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Instrument Technol Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Choi, KK (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Electroopt & Photon Div, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RI Choi, Kwong-Kit/K-9205-2013 NR 12 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1350-4495 J9 INFRARED PHYS TECHN JI Infrared Phys. Technol. PD OCT-DEC PY 2003 VL 44 IS 5-6 BP 309 EP 324 DI 10.1016/S1350-4495(03)00150-6 PG 16 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics GA 736GT UT WOS:000186163600002 ER PT J AU Majumdar, A Choi, KK Reno, JL Rokhinson, LP Tsui, DC AF Majumdar, A Choi, KK Reno, JL Rokhinson, LP Tsui, DC TI Electron transfer based voltage tunable two-color quantum-well infrared photodetectors SO INFRARED PHYSICS & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Quantum Well Infrared Photodetectors (QWIP 2002) CY OCT 13-17, 2002 CL TURIN, ITALY DE quantum-well infrared photodetectors; two-color; voltage tunable detectors; coupled quantum wells ID FOCAL-PLANE ARRAY; INTERSUBBAND TRANSITIONS; DARK CURRENT; DETECTOR; SENSITIVITY AB We present a detailed investigation of the temperature T dependence of photoresponse of voltage tunable two-color quantum-well infrared photodetectors (QWIPs) that are based on the transfer of electrons between coupled QWs under an applied bias V-b. For T less than or equal to 40 K, the peak detection wavelength switches from 7.2 mum under positive bias to 8.6 mum under large negative bias as electrons are transferred from the right QW (RQW) to the left QW (LQW). For T greater than or equal to 50 K, the short wavelength peak is not only present for both bias polarities but also increases rapidly with T while the long wavelength peak decreases rapidly with T. We investigate this temperature dependence by extracting absorption coefficient a and photoconductive gain g using corrugated QWIPs with different corrugation periods. The deduced absorption spectra indicate that the LQW population first increases and then decreases with increasing negative bias for T greater than or equal to 50 K. The deduced gain spectra show that short and long wavelength gain under negative bias exhibit a strong enhancement and reduction, respectively, with T above 50 K. We show that both these temperature dependences are caused by large thermal currents from the LQWs, which are designed for long wavelength detection and, therefore, have a significantly lower activation energy than the RQWs. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Princeton Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. USA, Res Lab, Electroopt & Photon Div, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Majumdar, A (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RI Choi, Kwong-Kit/K-9205-2013 NR 28 TC 3 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1350-4495 J9 INFRARED PHYS TECHN JI Infrared Phys. Technol. PD OCT-DEC PY 2003 VL 44 IS 5-6 BP 337 EP 346 DI 10.1016/S1350-4495(03)00153-1 PG 10 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics GA 736GT UT WOS:000186163600005 ER PT J AU Bandara, SV Gunapala, SD Liu, JK Rafol, SB Ting, DZ Mumolo, JM Chuang, RW Trinh, TQ Liu, JH Choi, KK Jhabvala, M Fastenau, JM Liu, WK AF Bandara, SV Gunapala, SD Liu, JK Rafol, SB Ting, DZ Mumolo, JM Chuang, RW Trinh, TQ Liu, JH Choi, KK Jhabvala, M Fastenau, JM Liu, WK TI Four-band quantum well infrared photodetector array SO INFRARED PHYSICS & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Quantum Well Infrared Photodetectors (QWIP 2002) CY OCT 13-17, 2002 CL TURIN, ITALY ID BROAD-BAND; WAVELENGTH; PERFORMANCE AB A four-band quantum well infrared photodetector (QWIP) focal plane array (FPA) has been demonstrated by stacking different multi-quantum well structures, which are sensitive in 4-5.5, 8.5-10, 10-12, and 13-15.5 mum infrared bands. This 640 x 514 format FPA consists of four 640 x 128 pixel areas which are capable of acquiring images in these infrared bands. In this application, instead of quarter wevelength groove depth grating reflectors, three-quarter wavelength groove depth reflectors were used to couple radiation to each QWIP layer. This technique allows us to optimize the light coupling to each QWIP stack at corresponding pixels while keeping the pixel (or mesa) height at the same level, which will be essential for indium bump-bonding with the multiplexer. In addition to light coupling, these gratings serve as a contact to the active stack while shorting the unwanted stacks. Flexible QWIP design parameters, such as well width, barrier thickness, doping density, and the number of periods, were cleverly exploited to optimize the performance of each detector while accommodating requirements set by the deep groove light coupling gratings. For imaging, detector array is operated at temperature T = 45 K, and each detector shows a very high D* > 1 x 10(11) cm rootHz/W for 300 K background with f/2 optics. This initial array gave excellent images with 99.9% of the pixels working, demonstrating the high yield of GaAs technology. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. IQE Inc, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. RP Bandara, SV (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RI Liu, Wing/B-7599-2009 NR 16 TC 22 Z9 28 U1 2 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1350-4495 J9 INFRARED PHYS TECHN JI Infrared Phys. Technol. PD OCT-DEC PY 2003 VL 44 IS 5-6 BP 369 EP 375 DI 10.1016/S1350-4495(03)00157-9 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics GA 736GT UT WOS:000186163600009 ER PT J AU Gunapala, SD Bandara, SV Liu, JK Rafol, SB Mumolo, JM Shott, CA Jones, R Woolaway, J Fastenau, JM Liu, AK Jhabvala, M Choi, KK AF Gunapala, SD Bandara, SV Liu, JK Rafol, SB Mumolo, JM Shott, CA Jones, R Woolaway, J Fastenau, JM Liu, AK Jhabvala, M Choi, KK TI 640 x 512 pixel narrow-band, four-band, and broad-band quantum well infrared photodetector focal plane arrays SO INFRARED PHYSICS & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Quantum Well Infrared Photodetectors (QWIP 2002) CY OCT 13-17, 2002 CL TURIN, ITALY DE focal plane arrays; QWIPs; hyper-spectral; multi-spectral; broad-band; multi-band; long-wavelength infrared (LWIR); hand-held infrared camera ID CAMERA AB A 9 mum cutoff 640x512 pixel hand-held quantum well infrared photodetector (QWIP) camera has been demonstrated with excellent imagery. A noise equivalent differential temperature (NEDT) of 10.6 mK is expected at a 65 K operating temperature with f/2 optics at a 300 K background. This focal plane array has shown background limited performance at a 72 K operating temperature with the same optics and background conditions. In this paper, we discuss the development of this very sensitive long-wavelength infrared camera based on a GaAs/AlGaAs QWIP focal plane array and its performance in quantum efficiency, NEDT, uniformity, and operability. In the second section of this paper, we discuss the first demonstration of a monolithic spatially separated four-band 640 x 512 pixel QWIP focal plane array and its performance. The four spectral bands cover 4-5.5, 8.5-10, 10-12, and 13.5-15 mum spectral regions with 640 x 128 pixels in each band. In the last section, we discuss the array performance of a 640 x 512 pixel broad-band (10-16 mum full-width at half-maximum) QWIP focal plane. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. Indigo Syst Corp, Santa Barbara, CA 93111 USA. IQE Inc, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Gunapala, SD (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. NR 9 TC 24 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1350-4495 J9 INFRARED PHYS TECHN JI Infrared Phys. Technol. PD OCT-DEC PY 2003 VL 44 IS 5-6 BP 411 EP 425 DI 10.1016/S1350-4495(03)00162-2 PG 15 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics GA 736GT UT WOS:000186163600014 ER PT J AU Goldberg, A Uppal, PN Winn, M AF Goldberg, A Uppal, PN Winn, M TI Detection of buried land mines using a dual-band LWIR/LWIR QWIP focal plane array SO INFRARED PHYSICS & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Quantum Well Infrared Photodetectors (QWIP 2002) CY OCT 13-17, 2002 CL TURIN, ITALY DE buried land mines; dual-band infrared; QWIP; mine detection; countermine technology AB We report on the development and testing of a new dual-band infrared focal plane array (FPA) specifically designed to detect buried land mines. The detector response spectra were tailored to take advantage of the sharp spectral features associated with disturbed soils. The goal was to have a "blue" channel with peak response near 9.2 mum and a "red" channel with maximum response at 10.5 mum. The quantum well infrared photodetector is particularly suited for this application because of the flexibility available in designing the peak wavelength of the detector and the relatively narrow width of the response spectrum. FPAs were produced and tested under the US Army Research Laboratory's Advanced Sensors Collaborative Research Alliance in co-operation with the Night Vision and Electronic Sensors Directorate. We report on laboratory measurements of the response spectra, the dark current as a function of operating temperature, and the conversion efficiency in both the blue and red channels. Imagery was taken in the field of buried anti-tank mines. The images were analyzed by combining the data from the two channels into single fused images. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Lab, EOIR Technol Branch, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. BAE Syst N Amer, Nashua, NH 03060 USA. RP Goldberg, A (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, EOIR Technol Branch, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 7 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1350-4495 J9 INFRARED PHYS TECHN JI Infrared Phys. Technol. PD OCT-DEC PY 2003 VL 44 IS 5-6 BP 427 EP 437 DI 10.1016/S1350-4495(03)00174-9 PG 11 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics GA 736GT UT WOS:000186163600015 ER PT J AU Jhabvala, M Gunapala, S Reuter, D Choi, KK Bandara, S Liu, J La, A Banks, S Cho, J Hwang, T Tsay, S Rafol, D Huet, H Chauvet, N Huss, T AF Jhabvala, M Gunapala, S Reuter, D Choi, KK Bandara, S Liu, J La, A Banks, S Cho, J Hwang, T Tsay, S Rafol, D Huet, H Chauvet, N Huss, T TI Development of a 4-15 mu m infrared GaAs hyperspectral QWIP imager SO INFRARED PHYSICS & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Quantum Well Infrared Photodetectors (QWIP 2002) CY OCT 13-17, 2002 CL TURIN, ITALY AB In the on-going evolution of GaAs quantum well infrared photodetectors (QWIPs) we have developed a four band, 640 x 512, 23 mum x 23 mum pixel array which we have subsequently integrated with a linear variable etalon (LVE) filter providing over 200 spectral bands across the 4-15.4 mum wavelength region. This effort was a collaboration between NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) and the Army Research Laboratory (ARL) sponsored by the Earth Science Technology Office of NASA. The QWIP array was fabricated by graded molecular beam epitaxial (MBE) growth that was specifically tailored to yield four distinct bands (FWHM): Band 1; 4.5-5.7 mum, Band 2; 8.5-10 mum, Band 3; 10-12 mum and Band 4; 13.3-14.8 mum. Each band occupies a swath that comprises 128 x 640 elements. The addition of the LVE (which is placed directly over the array) further divides the four "broad" bands into 209 separate spectral bands ranging in width from 0.02 mum at 5 mum to 0.05 mum at 15 mum. The detector is cooled by a mechanical cryocooler to 46 K. The camera system is a fully reflective, f/4.2, 3-mirror system with a 21degrees x 25degrees field of view. The project goals were: (1) develop the 4 band GaAs QWIP array; (2) develop the LVE and; (3) implement a mechanical cryocooler. This paper will describe the efforts and results of this undertaking with emphasis on the overall system characteristics. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Sigma Space Corp, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. RP Jhabvala, M (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Bldg 11,Rm E30, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RI Tsay, Si-Chee/J-1147-2014 NR 7 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1350-4495 J9 INFRARED PHYS TECHN JI Infrared Phys. Technol. PD OCT-DEC PY 2003 VL 44 IS 5-6 BP 445 EP 455 DI 10.1016/S1350-4495(03)00172-5 PG 11 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics GA 736GT UT WOS:000186163600017 ER PT J AU Arciero, C Somiari, SB Shriver, CD Brzeski, H Jordan, R Hue, H Ellsworth, DL Somiari, RI AF Arciero, C Somiari, SB Shriver, CD Brzeski, H Jordan, R Hue, H Ellsworth, DL Somiari, RI TI Functional relationship and gene ontology classification of breast cancer biomarkers SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MARKERS LA English DT Review DE breast cancer prognosis; biological markers; biochemical function; gene ontology ID ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH-FACTOR; TOPOISOMERASE-II-ALPHA; UROKINASE-PLASMINOGEN-ACTIVATOR; PROGESTERONE-RECEPTOR LEVELS; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; MAMMARY-ADENOCARCINOMA CELLS; ANTHRACYCLINE-BASED THERAPY; MAMMAGLOBIN MESSENGER-RNA; SOUTHWEST-ONCOLOGY-GROUP; CIRCULATING TUMOR-CELLS AB Breast cancer is a complex disease that still imposes a significant healthcare burden on women worldwide. The etiology of breast cancer is not known but significant advances have been made in the area of early detection and treatment. The advent of advanced molecular biology techniques, mapping of the human genome and availability of high throughput genomic and proteomic strategies opens up new opportunities and will potentially lead to the discovery of novel biomarkers for early detection and prognostication of breast cancer. Currently, many biomarkers, particularly the hormonal and epidermal growth factor receptors, are being utilized for breast cancer prognosis. Unfortunately, none of the biomarkers in use have sufficient diagnostic, prognostic and/or predictive power across all categories and stages of breast cancer. It is recognized that more useful information can be generated if tumors are interrogated with multiple markers. But choosing the right combination of biomarkers is challenging, because 1) multiple pathways are involved, 2) up to 62 genes and their protein products are potentially involved in breast cancer-related mechanisms and 3) the more markers evaluated, the more the time and cost involved. This review summarizes the current literature on selected biomarkers for breast cancer, discusses the functional relationships, and groups the selected genes based on a Gene Ontology(TM) classification. C1 Windber Res Inst, Clin Breast Care Project, Windber, PA 15963 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Gen Surg Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Somiari, SB (reprint author), Windber Res Inst, Clin Breast Care Project, 600 Somerset Ave, Windber, PA 15963 USA. EM r.somiari@wriwindber.org NR 334 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 3 PU WICHTIG EDITORE PI MILAN PA 72/74 VIA FRIULI, 20135 MILAN, ITALY SN 0393-6155 J9 INT J BIOL MARKER JI Int. J. Biol. Markers PD OCT-DEC PY 2003 VL 18 IS 4 BP 241 EP 272 PG 32 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Oncology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Oncology GA 762KV UT WOS:000187971600003 PM 14756541 ER PT J AU Santare, MH Thamburaj, P Gazonas, GA AF Santare, MH Thamburaj, P Gazonas, GA TI The use of graded finite elements in the study of elastic wave propagation in continuously nonhomogeneous materials SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES LA English DT Article DE elastic wave propagation; functionally graded materials; graded finite elements ID STRESS INTENSITY FACTORS AB Finite elements with graded properties are used to simulate elastic wave propagation in functionally graded materials. The graded elements are formulated with continuously nonhomogeneous material property fields and compared to conventionally formulated homogeneous elements. An example problem is solved for the two-dimensional case to show the potential benefits of the graded formulation. It is observed that the conventional elements give a discontinuous stress field in the direction perpendicular to the material property gradient, while the graded elements give a continuous distribution. In the one-dimensional case, the solutions are compared to the analytical solutions by Chin and Erdogan [J. Sound Vib. 222 (3) (1999) 453]. The results show that for identical levels of mesh refinement, the graded formulation produces similar spatial resolution, and temporal resolution for the range of boundary value problems studied. Observations are explained and their implications for numerical modeling are discussed. Crown Copyright (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Delaware, Dept Mech Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. Univ Delaware, Ctr Composite Mat, Newark, DE 19716 USA. USA, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Santare, MH (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Mech Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. EM thambura@ccm.udel.edu RI Santare, Michael/B-1725-2008; OI Gazonas, George/0000-0002-2715-016X NR 13 TC 40 Z9 44 U1 1 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0020-7683 J9 INT J SOLIDS STRUCT JI Int. J. Solids Struct. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 40 IS 21 BP 5621 EP 5634 DI 10.1016/S0020-7683(03)00315-9 PG 14 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA 719RX UT WOS:000185219300006 ER PT J AU Clayton, JD McDowell, DL AF Clayton, JD McDowell, DL TI Finite polycrystalline elastoplasticity and damage: multiscale kinematics SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES LA English DT Article DE damage criteria; elastoplasticity; homogenization; kinematics; micromechanics ID ELASTIC-PLASTIC DEFORMATION; HETEROGENEOUS MATERIALS; CRYSTAL PLASTICITY; CONTINUUM THEORY; SOLIDS; STRAIN; MECHANICS; MODEL; DECOMPOSITION; FRACTURE AB A physically realistic macroscopic decomposition of the deformation gradient for metallic polycrystals should explicitly account for all relevant sub-macroscopic kinematic processes, including lattice deformation, plastic flow, and evolution of damage, that significantly contribute to the homogenized deformation at the macroscale. The present work suggests such a decomposition, based on principles of volume averaging and focusing upon elastoplasticity and a variety of damage modes including intergranular fracture, void growth and coalescence, and shear discontinuities. This decomposition, of hybrid additive multiplicative form, captures precisely the kinematics of arbitrarily anisotropic damage and also offers insight into mesoscopic distributions of residual elastic lattice strain attributed to heterogeneity of local deformation occurring at both intergranular and intragranular scales. (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USA, Impact Phys Branch, Res Lab, AMSRL WM TD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Georgia Inst Technol, George W Woodruff Sch Mech Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Clayton, JD (reprint author), USA, Impact Phys Branch, Res Lab, AMSRL WM TD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RI Clayton, John/C-7760-2009 NR 70 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 9 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0020-7683 J9 INT J SOLIDS STRUCT JI Int. J. Solids Struct. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 40 IS 21 BP 5669 EP 5688 DI 10.1016/S0020-7683(03)00317-2 PG 20 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA 719RX UT WOS:000185219300009 ER PT J AU Churley, MM Lyons, TP Robandt, PV Bruins, MR AF Churley, MM Lyons, TP Robandt, PV Bruins, MR TI Evaluation of a solid-phase extraction method for codeine and morphine in urine using Cerex Polycrom (TM) Clin II columns and the Speedisk (TM) 48 pressure processor at a high-throughput forensic drug-testing laboratory SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID SPECIMENS C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Forens Toxicol Drug Testing Lab, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. USA, Med Command, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Churley, MM (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Forens Toxicol Drug Testing Lab, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 5 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU PRESTON PUBLICATIONS INC PI NILES PA 7800 MERRIMAC AVE PO BOX 48312, NILES, IL 60648 USA SN 0146-4760 J9 J ANAL TOXICOL JI J. Anal. Toxicol. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 27 IS 7 BP 530 EP 532 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Toxicology GA 728JW UT WOS:000185714900023 PM 14621676 ER PT J AU Wani, AH Davis, JL AF Wani, AH Davis, JL TI RDX biodegradation column study: influence of ubiquitous electron acceptors on anaerobic biotransformation of RDX SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE RDX; explosives; electron acceptors; sulfate; nitrate; in-situ bioremediation; reductive biotransformation ID HEXAHYDRO-1,3,5-TRINITRO-1,3,5-TRIAZINE RDX; NITROGEN-SOURCE; EXPLOSIVE RDX; DEGRADATION; SOIL; MINERALIZATION; HYDROGEN; SLUDGE; FATE AB A series of column studies, with aquifer material from the former Nebraska Ordinance Plant (NOP), were performed to explore the phenomenon of electron competition from ubiquitous inorganic electron acceptors (nitrate and sulfate) present in contaminated groundwater. Acetate was used as a source of readily biodegradable carbon in all of the treatment-column systems. Influent hexahydro-1, 3, 5-trinitro-1, 3, 5-triazine (RDX) concentrations (1-1.8 mg dm(-3)) were completely removed to below detection levels of 20 mug dm(-3) in all treatment-column systems without any nitroso-metabolites. In the control-column system (with no carbon amendment) significant levels (similar to30% of the inlet molar RDX) of nitroso-substituted RDX derivates were observed in the effluent stream. The estimated first-order biodegradation rate coefficient for RDX was highest (0.79 h(-1)) in the treatment-column system where acetate was the only amendment, about 52 times higher than the rate coefficient (0.015 h(-1)) obtained in the control-column system. The presence of sulfate (100 mg dm(-3)) in influent groundwater temporarily delayed the onset of RDX biotransformation without any adverse effects on overall RDX biotransformation. Coexistence of low (100 mg dm(-3)) nitrate levels in the influent feed water reduced the first-order biodegradation rate coefficient obtained in the absence of nitrate by about 80% to 0.16 h(-1). These nitrate levels, however, were low to halt the RDX biodegradation probably because the available carbon levels were high enough to exceed the demands for nitrate reduction. High levels of nitrate (500 mg dm(-3)) initially halted RDX removal, and significantly reduced the rate of RDX biotransformation by about 98% to 0.02 h(-1), thereby increasing the half-life from 0.9 h in the absence of nitrate to about 32 h, with noticeable levels of untreated RDX in the effluent stream. Contrary to the expectations, the presence of ammonium in conjunction with acetate resulted in a lower (0.09 h(-1)) biodegradation rate coefficient as compared with the one obtained in the absence of ammonium. (C) 2003 Society of Chemical Industry. C1 USA, Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Appl Res Associates Inc, So Div, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Wani, AH (reprint author), USA, Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM Altaf.H.Wani@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 26 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0268-2575 J9 J CHEM TECHNOL BIOT JI J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 78 IS 10 BP 1082 EP 1092 DI 10.1002/jctb.911 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Chemical SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry; Engineering GA 724LW UT WOS:000185489900009 ER PT J AU Horvath, LL Hospenthal, DR Murray, CK Dooley, DP AF Horvath, LL Hospenthal, DR Murray, CK Dooley, DP TI Detection of simulated candidemia by the BACTEC 9240 system with plus Aerobic/F and Anaerobic/F blood culture bottles SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID STREAM INFECTIONS; TERMINAL SUBCULTURES; UNITED-STATES; EPIDEMIOLOGY AB We studied the ability of the BACTEC 9240 automated blood culture system to detect simulated candidemia, including both Candida albicans and non-albicans Candida species. Simulated blood cultures were produced using 50 Candida isolates and BACTEC Plus Aerobic/F and Anaerobic/F blood culture bottles. Ten milliliters of blood and a suspension of each isolate containing 1,000 CFU were introduced into each bottle and then incubated at 35degreesC in the BACTEC 9240 system. The system detected growth in 56 of 100 bottles. Four isolates did not have growth detected in either bottle after 21 days of incubation, resulting in four missed episodes of candidemia. If the blood culture bottles had been incubated for 5 days, an additional episode of candidemia would have remained undetected. If the bottles had been incubated for only 3 days, another episode would have been missed, resulting in up to six missed episodes of candidemia (four Candida glabrata isolates, one C. albicans isolate, and one Candida rugosa isolate). Terminal subculture of bottles without detected growth recovered yeast in 93% (41 of 44) of the bottles, representing 41 false negatives. In bottles where growth was detected, the time to detection was similar to24 h. However, the mean time to growth detection for C. glabrata isolates in anaerobic medium was 22.14 +/- 2.47 h, but it was 120.89 +/- 35.33 h in aerobic medium (P < 0.001). The BACTEC 9240 system detected growth of most Candida isolates; however, the delayed time to detection of C. glabrata is clinically significant. Given the high rate of false negatives, terminal subcultures may be helpful in certain situations. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, MCHE, MDI,Dept Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Horvath, LL (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, MCHE, MDI,Dept Med, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 14 TC 52 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 41 IS 10 BP 4714 EP 4717 DI 10.1128/JCM.41.10.4714-4717.2003 PG 4 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 732CH UT WOS:000185922900037 PM 14532209 ER PT J AU Hurtle, W Bode, E Kaplan, RS Garrison, J Kearney, B Shoemaker, D Henchal, E Norwood, D AF Hurtle, W Bode, E Kaplan, RS Garrison, J Kearney, B Shoemaker, D Henchal, E Norwood, D TI Use of denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography to identify Bacillus anthracis by analysis of the 16S-23S rRNA interspacer region and gyrA gene SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CEREUS GROUP; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; THURINGIENSIS; PCR; DIFFERENTIATION; IDENTIFICATION; POLYMORPHISMS; RELATEDNESS; BACTERIA; PLASMID AB Denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) was evaluated as a method for identifying Bacillus anthracis by analyzing two chromosomal targets, the 16S-23S intergenic spacer region (ISR) and the gyrA gene. The 16S-23S ISR was analyzed by this method with 42 strains of B. anthracis, 36 strains of Bacillus cereus, and 12 strains of Bacillus thuringiensis; the gyrA gene was analyzed by this method with 33 strains of B. anthracis, 27 strains of B. cereus, and 9 strains of B. thuringiensis. Two blind panels of 45 samples each were analyzed to evaluate the potential diagnostic capability of this method. Our results show that DHPLC is an efficient method for the identification of B. anthracis. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21701 USA. Clin Res Management, N Royalton, OH 44133 USA. Battelle Mem Inst, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. RP Norwood, D (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Diagnost Syst Div, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 26 TC 16 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 41 IS 10 BP 4758 EP 4766 DI 10.1128/JCM.41.10.4758-4766.2003 PG 9 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 732CH UT WOS:000185922900045 PM 14532217 ER PT J AU Hosur, MV Islam, SMW Vaidya, UK Dutta, PK Jeelani, S AF Hosur, MV Islam, SMW Vaidya, UK Dutta, PK Jeelani, S TI Effects of temperature and moisture on the high strain rate compression response of graphite/epoxy composites SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID FIBER-REINFORCED COMPOSITES; BEHAVIOR AB Experimental investigations were carried out on unidirectional Graphite/Epoxy laminate samples under dynamic compression loading using a modified Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar. High strain rate testing was carried out at room and elevated temperatures. 30 layered graphite/epoxy unidirectional laminates made using DA 4518U unidirectional prepregs system were fabricated. Tests were carried out on samples at room, 51.7degreesC, 121.1degreesC, and 190.6degreesC temperatures. Additional high strain rate tests were conducted on samples that were subjected to moist/freeze conditioning for 42 days. Failure modes were studied through scanning electron microscopy. Results of the study indicated plasticizing of matrix which was reflected through increased ductility of the samples as well as reduced slope of the stress-strain curves with the increase in temperature. Similar effect was evident in the samples that were subjected to moist/freeze conditioning. C1 Tuskegee Univ, Ctr Adv Mat, Tuskegee, AL 36088 USA. Univ Alabama, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Hosur, MV (reprint author), Tuskegee Univ, Ctr Adv Mat, Tuskegee, AL 36088 USA. NR 21 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 7 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0094-4289 J9 J ENG MATER-T ASME JI J. Eng. Mater. Technol.-Trans. ASME PD OCT PY 2003 VL 125 IS 4 BP 394 EP 401 DI 10.1115/1.1605113 PG 8 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 732FF UT WOS:000185929600009 ER PT J AU Thamburaj, P Santare, MH Gazonas, GA AF Thamburaj, P Santare, MH Gazonas, GA TI The effect of graded strength on damage propagation in continuously nonhomogeneous materials SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID EFFECTIVE MODULI; FINITE-ELEMENTS; MODEL AB A damage model developed by Johnson and Holmquist is implemented into a dynamic finite element code. This is then used to study the effect of grading of the phenomenological damage parameters on the propagation of damage through the material. The numerical results for two one-dimensional example problems with different boundary conditions are presented, wherein the effect of a gradient in the intact strength of the material on damage propagation is studied. The results show that introducing different strength gradients can alter the location of the site of maximum damage. This may have important implications in the design of impact resistant materials and structures. C1 Univ Delaware, Dept Mech Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. Univ Delaware, Ctr Composite Mat, Newark, DE 19716 USA. USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Thamburaj, P (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Mech Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. RI Santare, Michael/B-1725-2008; OI Gazonas, George/0000-0002-2715-016X NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0094-4289 J9 J ENG MATER-T ASME JI J. Eng. Mater. Technol.-Trans. ASME PD OCT PY 2003 VL 125 IS 4 BP 412 EP 417 DI 10.1115/1.1605116 PG 6 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 732FF UT WOS:000185929600012 ER PT J AU Salerno, SM Jackson, JL O'Malley, PG AF Salerno, SM Jackson, JL O'Malley, PG TI Interactive faculty development seminars improve the quality of written feedback in ambulatory teaching SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 25th Annual Meeting of the Society-of-General-Internal-Medicine CY MAY 02-04, 2002 CL ATLANTA, GEORGIA SP Soc Gen Internal Med DE feedback; ambulatory; teaching; faculty development ID MEDICAL-EDUCATION; BEHAVIORS AB We performed a pre-post study of the impact of three 90-minute faculty development workshops on written feedback from encounters during an ambulatory internal medicine clerkship. We coded 47 encounters before and 43 after the workshops, involving 9 preceptors and 44 third-year students, using qualitative and semiquantitative methods. Postworkshop, the mean number of feedback statements increased from 2.8 to 3.6 statements (P = .06); specific (P = .04), formative (P = .03), and student skills feedback (P = .01) increased, but attitudinal (P = .13) and corrective feedback did not (P = .41). Brief, interactive, faculty development workshops may refine written feedback, resulting in more formative specific written feedback comments. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Salerno, SM (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Med MCHK DM, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 16 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 18 IS 10 BP 831 EP 834 DI 10.1046/j.1525-1497.2003.20739.x PG 4 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 730HF UT WOS:000185823300009 PM 14521646 ER PT J AU Krishnan, S Farber, DL Tsokos, GC AF Krishnan, S Farber, DL Tsokos, GC TI T cell rewiring in differentiation disease SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Review ID SYSTEMIC-LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS; RECEPTOR ZETA-CHAIN; FC-EPSILON-RI; TUMOR-INFILTRATING LYMPHOCYTES; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCING MOLECULES; HIGH-AFFINITY RECEPTOR; NATURAL-KILLER-CELLS; ANTIGEN-RECEPTOR; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD; GAMMA-CHAIN C1 Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Surg, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM gtsokos@usa.net FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI 49954, R01 AI 42269, R01 AI42092] NR 106 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 EI 1550-6606 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD OCT 1 PY 2003 VL 171 IS 7 BP 3325 EP 3331 PG 7 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 725MY UT WOS:000185548000002 PM 14500623 ER PT J AU Elliott, MR Tolnay, M Tsokos, GC Kammer, GM AF Elliott, MR Tolnay, M Tsokos, GC Kammer, GM TI Protein kinase A regulatory subunit type II beta directly interacts with and suppresses CREB transcriptional activity in activated T cells SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SYSTEMIC-LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS; CAMP RESPONSE ELEMENT; BINDING-PROTEIN; RII-BETA; NUCLEAR TRANSLOCATION; IL-2 PRODUCTION; LYMPHOCYTES; GROWTH; ALPHA; PHOSPHORYLATION AB Levels of the type IIbeta regulatory subunit (RIIbeta) of protein kinase A are abnormally high in the nuclei of T cells of some subjects with the autoimmune disorder systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, the role of nuclear RIIbeta in the regulation of T cell function is unknown. Based on previous studies demonstrating that nuclear protein kinase A-RII subunits can modify cAMP response element (CRE)-dependent transcription, we tested the hypothesis that nuclear RIIbeta can alter CRE-directed gene expression in T cells through interaction with the nuclear transcription factor CRE-binding protein CREB. To test this hypothesis, we used the RIIbeta-deficient S49 and the Jurkat T cell lines. In both cell lines, transient transfection of RHO resulted in nuclear localization of a portion of the ectopically expressed RIIbeta. In vitro and in vivo analyses revealed a novel, specific interaction between RIIbeta and CREB that mapped to the N-terminal 135 aa of RIIbeta. In functional studies, RIIbeta inhibited the transcriptional activity of a GAL4-CREB fusion protein by 67% in Jurkat T cells following activation with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 mAbs. Importantly, deletion of the CREB-binding region of RIIbeta completely abrogated inhibition. Additionally, RIIbeta,6 suppressed CRE directed reporter gene expression and substantially reduced induction of promoter activity and endogenous protein levels of the CREB-dependent gene, c-fos, in activated T cells. We conclude that nuclear RIIbeta can act as a repressor of CREB transcriptional activity in T cells, providing a potential functional significance for aberrant levels of nuclear RIIbeta in systemic lupus erythematosus T cells. C1 Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Sect Rheumatol & Clin Immunol, Dept Internal Med, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Kammer, GM (reprint author), Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Sect Rheumatol & Clin Immunol, Dept Internal Med, Med Ctr Blvd, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. OI Elliott, Michael/0000-0002-0642-482X FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI07401, AI42782, AI46526, AI49954] NR 32 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD OCT 1 PY 2003 VL 171 IS 7 BP 3636 EP 3644 PG 9 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 725MY UT WOS:000185548000040 PM 14500661 ER PT J AU Birtle, AJ AF Birtle, AJ TI The origins of the legion of the United States SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Article AB The 1792 reorganization of the United States Army into the Legion of the United States marked a significant transformation in the structure of American military forces. Designed for the exigencies of American conditions, the Legion represented an innovative experiment in combined arms warfare. This article examines the roots of the legionary concept, from the ancient Romans to eighteenth-century European military theorists, and suggests that the structure of the Legion of the United States may have been based on the writings of Colonel Henry Bouquet, a noted veteran of the Indian frontier. C1 USA, Ctr Mil Hist, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Birtle, AJ (reprint author), USA, Ctr Mil Hist, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY PI LEXINGTON PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA 24450-1600 USA SN 0899-3718 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 67 IS 4 BP 1249 EP 1261 DI 10.1353/jmh.2003.0277 PG 13 WC History SC History GA 726YD UT WOS:000185628400007 ER PT J AU Brandt, HE AF Brandt, HE TI Quantum vacuum heuristics SO JOURNAL OF MODERN OPTICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 33rd Winter Colloquium on the Physics of Quantum Electronics CY JAN 05-09, 2003 CL SNOWBIRD, UT ID SPACETIME TANGENT BUNDLE; HAGEDORN TEMPERATURE; FIELDS; GEODESICS; TORSION; STRINGS; SCALAR AB Didactic heuristic arguments, based on the quantum mechanics of the vacuum and the structure of space-time, are reviewed concerning particle creation from the vacuum by an electric field, vacuum radiation in an accelerated frame, black-hole radiation, minimum mass black holes, space-time breakdown, maximal proper acceleration, the space-time tangent bundle and intrinsic Planck-scale regularization of quantum fields. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Brandt, HE (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. NR 40 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0950-0340 J9 J MOD OPTIC JI J. Mod. Opt. PD OCT-NOV PY 2003 VL 50 IS 15-17 BP 2455 EP 2463 DI 10.1080/0950034032000120740 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA 735LU UT WOS:000186116200015 ER PT J AU Crenshaw, ME Bowden, CM Scully, MO AF Crenshaw, ME Bowden, CM Scully, MO TI Index enhancement and absorption compensation via quantum coherence control in multicomponent media SO JOURNAL OF MODERN OPTICS LA English DT Article ID ELECTROMAGNETICALLY INDUCED TRANSPARENCY; INTRINSIC OPTICAL BISTABILITY; LOCAL-FIELD CORRECTION; POPULATION-INVERSION; SPONTANEOUS EMISSION; LASER OSCILLATION; ATOMIC COHERENCE; GROUP-VELOCITY; 2-LEVEL ATOMS; LIGHT AB Conditions for strong refractive index enhancement (n similar to 5 to 10) in the presence of complete absorption compensation are presented and discussed in terms of a generic model system composed of three-level atom inclusions in a dielectric host material. C1 USA Aviat, AMSAM RD WS ST, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. USA, Missile Command, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Inst Quantum Studies, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Max Planck Inst Quantum Opt, D-85748 Garching, Germany. RP Crenshaw, ME (reprint author), USA Aviat, AMSAM RD WS ST, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. NR 32 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0950-0340 J9 J MOD OPTIC JI J. Mod. Opt. PD OCT-NOV PY 2003 VL 50 IS 15-17 BP 2551 EP 2563 DI 10.1080/0950034032000120830 PG 13 WC Optics SC Optics GA 735LU UT WOS:000186116200023 ER PT J AU Kuo, PC Shi, LS Damu, AG Su, CR Huang, CH Ke, CH Wu, JB Lin, AJ Bastow, KF Lee, KH Wu, TS AF Kuo, PC Shi, LS Damu, AG Su, CR Huang, CH Ke, CH Wu, JB Lin, AJ Bastow, KF Lee, KH Wu, TS TI Cytotoxic and antimalarial beta-carboline alkaloids from the roots of Eurycoma longifolia SO JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS LA English DT Article ID RESISTANT PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; AILANTHUS-ALTISSIMA SWINGLE; EXPERIENCED MALE-RATS; CANTHIN-6-ONE ALKALOIDS; QUASSINOIDS; CONSTITUENTS; JACK; INVITRO AB Three new [n-pentyl beta-carboline-1-propionate (1), 5-hydroxymethyl-9-methoxycanthin-6-one (2), and 1-hydroxy-9-methoxycanthin-6-one (3)] and 19 known beta-carboline alkaloids were isolated from the roots of Eurycoma longifolia. The new structures were determined by comprehensive analyses of their 1D and 2D NMR and mass spectral data and by chemical transformation. These compounds were screened for in vitro cytotoxic and antimalarial activities, and 9-methoxycanthin-6-one (4) and canthin-6-one (5) demonstrated significant cytotoxicity against human lung cancer (A-549) and human breast cancer (MCF-7) cell lines. C1 Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Dept Chem, Tainan 701, Taiwan. China Med Univ, Grad Inst Pharmaceut Chem, Taichung 404, Taiwan. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Bioorgan Sect, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Univ N Carolina, Sch Pharm, Nat Prod Lab, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RP Wu, TS (reprint author), Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Dept Chem, Tainan 701, Taiwan. EM tswu@mail.ncku.edu.tw FU NCI NIH HHS [CA17624]; NIAID NIH HHS [AI33066] NR 31 TC 82 Z9 87 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0163-3864 J9 J NAT PROD JI J. Nat. Prod. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 66 IS 10 BP 1324 EP 1327 DI 10.1021/np030277n PG 4 WC Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Medicinal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Plant Sciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 737NC UT WOS:000186237800006 PM 14575431 ER PT J AU DeFord, SM Moran, AV Adkins, A Sipos, ML AF DeFord, SM Moran, AV Adkins, A Sipos, ML TI Effects of sublethal repeated exposure to organophosphates (OPs) on active avoidance learning in guinea pigs SO JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 21st Annual National-Neurotrauma-Society Symposium CY NOV 06-07, 2003 CL BILOXI, MISSISSIPPI SP Natl Neurotrama Soc C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Adv Assessment Branch, Drug Assessment Div, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 0897-7151 J9 J NEUROTRAUM JI J. Neurotrauma PD OCT PY 2003 VL 20 IS 10 MA P131 BP 1060 EP 1060 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC General & Internal Medicine; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 734RX UT WOS:000186072300043 ER PT J AU Dave, JR Williams, AJ Moffett, JR Koenig, ML Tortella, FC AF Dave, JR Williams, AJ Moffett, JR Koenig, ML Tortella, FC TI Neuroprotective/anti-apoptotic actions of NR2B NMDA antagonists in primary forebrain cultures. SO JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 21st Annual National-Neurotrauma-Society Symposium CY NOV 06-07, 2003 CL BILOXI, MISSISSIPPI SP Natl Neurotrama Soc C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Neuropharmacol & Mol Biol, Div Neurosci, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Neuroendocrinol Neurochem, Div Neurosci, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RI Dave, Jitendra/A-8940-2011 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 0897-7151 J9 J NEUROTRAUM JI J. Neurotrauma PD OCT PY 2003 VL 20 IS 10 MA P182 BP 1073 EP 1073 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC General & Internal Medicine; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 734RX UT WOS:000186072300096 ER PT J AU Hartings, JA Rolli, ML Tortella, FC AF Hartings, JA Rolli, ML Tortella, FC TI EEG correlates of spreading depression during focal cerebral ischemia and infarct maturation in non-anesthetized rats. SO JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 21st Annual National-Neurotrauma-Society Symposium CY NOV 06-07, 2003 CL BILOXI, MISSISSIPPI SP Natl Neurotrama Soc C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 0897-7151 J9 J NEUROTRAUM JI J. Neurotrauma PD OCT PY 2003 VL 20 IS 10 MA P406 BP 1130 EP 1130 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC General & Internal Medicine; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 734RX UT WOS:000186072300319 ER PT J AU Lu, XCM Williams, AJ Yao, C Berti, R Vahey, M Polavarapu, RG Woller, KL Elliott, PJ Tortella, FC Dave, JR AF Lu, XCM Williams, AJ Yao, C Berti, R Vahey, M Polavarapu, RG Woller, KL Elliott, PJ Tortella, FC Dave, JR TI Comparison of acute (hours) and delayed (days) gene expression profile in rat brain following transient focal cerebral ischemia using GeneChip (R) microarray analysis. SO JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 21st Annual National-Neurotrauma-Society Symposium CY NOV 06-07, 2003 CL BILOXI, MISSISSIPPI SP Natl Neurotrama Soc C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. Affymetr, Santa Clara, CA 95051 USA. Combinato RX, Boston, MA 02118 USA. RI Dave, Jitendra/A-8940-2011 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 0897-7151 J9 J NEUROTRAUM JI J. Neurotrauma PD OCT PY 2003 VL 20 IS 10 MA P407 BP 1130 EP 1130 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC General & Internal Medicine; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 734RX UT WOS:000186072300321 ER PT J AU Rolli, ML Lee, E Blanchard, J Stoecker, M Burge, R Williams, A Zaucha, G Tortella, FC Ling, G AF Rolli, ML Lee, E Blanchard, J Stoecker, M Burge, R Williams, A Zaucha, G Tortella, FC Ling, G TI Hypercarbia with normal oxygenation provides neuroprotection in fluid percussion injured rats SO JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 21st Annual National-Neurotrauma-Society Symposium CY NOV 06-07, 2003 CL BILOXI, MISSISSIPPI SP Natl Neurotrama Soc C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, Silver Spring, MD USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 0897-7151 J9 J NEUROTRAUM JI J. Neurotrauma PD OCT PY 2003 VL 20 IS 10 MA P408 BP 1130 EP 1130 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC General & Internal Medicine; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 734RX UT WOS:000186072300320 ER PT J AU Williams, AJ Hartings, JA Cunningham, B Lu, XCM Tortella, FC AF Williams, AJ Hartings, JA Cunningham, B Lu, XCM Tortella, FC TI Non-convulsive seizures (NCS) induced by focal brain ischemia in rats and treatment with anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) SO JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 21st Annual National-Neurotrauma-Society Symposium CY NOV 06-07, 2003 CL BILOXI, MISSISSIPPI SP Natl Neurotrama Soc C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 0897-7151 J9 J NEUROTRAUM JI J. Neurotrauma PD OCT PY 2003 VL 20 IS 10 MA P409 BP 1130 EP 1130 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC General & Internal Medicine; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 734RX UT WOS:000186072300322 ER PT J AU Fallah, DM Baur, DA Ferguson, HW Helman, JL AF Fallah, DM Baur, DA Ferguson, HW Helman, JL TI Clinical amplication of the temporoparietal-galeal flap in closure of a chronic oronasal fistula: Review of the anatomy, surgical technique, and report of a case SO JOURNAL OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY LA English DT Editorial Material ID RECONSTRUCTION AB The reconstructing surgeon has a variety of options when closing defects of the hard and soft palate. Techniques can be as simple as a palatal island flap or as complex as the radial forearm flap. We present here a method of closing a medium to large defect of the palate using the temporoparietal-galeal (TPG) flap, a regional and very reliable flap for reconstructing defects of the oral cavity and face. The TPG is a thin and pliable flap with an axial blood supply and a good arc of rotation to the oral cavity. The flap can be used as a fascial flap, a fasciocutaneous flap, or an osteofascial flap. It provides an excellent source of vascularized tissue. C1 USA, Eisenhower Med Ctr, Dept Oral & Maxillofacial Surg, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. Univ Michigan, Sect Oral & Maxillofacial Surg, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Baur, DA (reprint author), USA, Eisenhower Med Ctr, Dept Oral & Maxillofacial Surg, Bldg 300, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. NR 9 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0278-2391 J9 J ORAL MAXIL SURG JI J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 61 IS 10 BP 1228 EP 1230 DI 10.1016/S0278-2391(03)00689-0 PG 3 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 726QR UT WOS:000185611000021 PM 14586864 ER PT J AU Henemyre, CL Scales, DK Hokett, SD Cuenin, MF Peacock, ME Parker, MH Brewer, PD Chuang, AH AF Henemyre, CL Scales, DK Hokett, SD Cuenin, MF Peacock, ME Parker, MH Brewer, PD Chuang, AH TI Nicotine stimulates osteoclast resorption in a porcine marrow cell model SO JOURNAL OF PERIODONTOLOGY LA English DT Article DE bone resorption; calcium phosphate; nicotine/adverse effects; osteoclasts; smoking/adverse effects ID CIGARETTE-SMOKING; PERIODONTAL-DISEASE; RISK FACTOR; IN-VITRO; RAT OSTEOCLASTS; UNITED-STATES; BONE LOSS; INHIBITION; BISPHOSPHONATES; DIFFERENTIATION AB Background: Combustible tobacco use is generally linked with accelerated periodontal bone loss and diminished post-surgical wound healing; however, the pathogenesis of this process at the cellular level remains unclear. Nicotine is known to affect human gingival fibroblast orientation, attachment, and beta(1) integrin expression, yet little is known about its effects on osteoclasts, the cells most responsible for bone resorption. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of physiologically relevant nicotine levels on porcine osteoclast function as measured by resorption of calcium phosphate. Methods: Pure nicotine was diluted in medium to the following concentrations: 0.03 muM, 0.15 muM, 0.30 muM, 0.60 muM and 1.50 muM. Porcine osteoclasts were seeded onto calcium phosphate multi-test slides and incubated at 37degreesC with half media changes every 24 hours. Cells received 0, 0.15, 0.30, 0.60, and 1.50 muM nicotine, or 25 nM parathyroid hormone (PTH). Osteoclast resorption was quantified by measuring the resorbed surface area of the calcium phosphate substrate. Results: Osteoclast cultures resorbed bone slices and calcium phosphate substrate. All nicotine concentrations and PTH resulted in statistically significantly greater mean percent resorptions than the control group (P <0.05). However, no statistical difference was found between the various nicotine doses or PTH. The number of osteoclasts increased in a linear relationship to the increasing nicotine concentrations; however, no correlation was found between osteoclast number and the amount of resorption. Conclusions: Nicotine is non-toxic to osteoclasts at the clinically relevant levels tested. Nicotine appears to stimulate osteoclast differentiation and resorption of calcium phosphate, the major component of bone. Nicotine-modulated osteoclast stimulation may, in part, explain the increased rapidity of periodontal bone loss and refractory disease incidence in smokers. C1 USA, Dent Activ, Tingay Dent Clin, Periodont Residency Program, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. Dwight D Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Ft Gordon, GA USA. Med Coll Georgia, Sch Dent, Dept Oral Rehabil, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. RP Peacock, ME (reprint author), USA, Dent Activ, Tingay Dent Clin, Periodont Residency Program, Bldg 320,E Hosp Rd, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. NR 39 TC 30 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD PERIODONTOLOGY PI CHICAGO PA 737 NORTH MICHIGAN AVENUE, SUITE 800, CHICAGO, IL 60611-2690 USA SN 0022-3492 J9 J PERIODONTOL JI J. Periodont. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 74 IS 10 BP 1440 EP 1446 DI 10.1902/jop.2003.74.10.1440 PG 7 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 754KN UT WOS:000187315900004 PM 14653389 ER PT J AU Zhong, ZK Sun, XS Wang, DH Ratto, JA AF Zhong, ZK Sun, XS Wang, DH Ratto, JA TI Wet strength and water resistance of modified soy protein adhesives and effects of drying treatment SO JOURNAL OF POLYMERS AND THE ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE soy proteins isolate; sodium dodecyl sulfate; guanidine hydrochloride; water resistance; drying-treatment; adhesion strength ID SODIUM DODECYL-SULFATE; GUANIDINE-HYDROCHLORIDE; FIBERBOARD AB Soy protein isolate (SPI) was modified using sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and guanidine hydrochloride (GuHCl). Adhesion performance of the modified SPI on fiberboard was studied. The Water-soluble mass of the modified SPI adhesives was examined following modified ASTM D5570. The SDS-modified SPI containing 91% protein had a water-soluble mass of 1.7%. To be considered a water-resistant adhesive, the water-soluble mass of adhesive should be less than 2%. The wet shear strength test showed 100% cohesive failure within fiberboard, indicating that the modified SPI has good water resistance. The effect of drying treatment on adhesion performance of the SDS-modified SPI on fiberboard was then investigated. Drying treatment significantly affected the final adhesion performance. Shear strength did not change much, but the percentage of cohesive failure within fiberboard increased markedly as drying temperature increased. All the unsoaked, soaked, and wet specimens glued by the adhesives treated at 70degrees or 90 degreesC had 100% cohesive failure within fiberboard. Viscosity also increased greatly with an increase in drying temperature. This information will be useful in developing low-cost adhesive processing system in the future. C1 Kansas State Univ, Dept Grain Sci & Ind, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. Kansas State Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. USA, Soldier Syst Command, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Zhong, ZK (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Grain Sci & Ind, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. NR 12 TC 29 Z9 33 U1 3 U2 11 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1566-2543 J9 J POLYM ENVIRON JI J. Polym. Environ. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 11 IS 4 BP 137 EP 144 DI 10.1023/A:1026048213787 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Polymer Science SC Engineering; Polymer Science GA 727LT UT WOS:000185660700002 ER PT J AU Wolfenstine, J AF Wolfenstine, J TI CaSi2 as an anode for lithium-ion batteries SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE anode; Li-ion batteries; capacity; elastic modulus; silicide ID NEGATIVE ELECTRODE MATERIAL; MULTINARY ALLOY ELECTRODES; SOLID-STATE BATTERIES; RECHARGEABLE BATTERIES; LI INSERTION; SN; MECHANISM; SILICIDE; POWDERS; MG2SI AB CaSi2 was investigated as a potential anode material for use in lithium-ion batteries. The capacity was investigated as a function of particle size. The capacity at 50 cycles of the as-sieved CaSi2 material (25-30 mum) is about 150 and 220 mAh/g for the ball-milled (1-3 mum) material, suggesting that neither will make a good replacement anode for graphite. A majority of the CaSi2 capacity is associated with Si and not Ca, which is in agreement with predicted behavior. A comparison of the capacity fade of CaSi2 with other silicides suggests that to minimize capacity fade, it is better to have in materials that under go decomposition during Li insertion, a high modulus and/or low ductility matrix than a low modulus and/or high ductility matrix. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Army Res Lab, AMSRL, SE DC, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Wolfenstine, J (reprint author), Army Res Lab, AMSRL, SE DC, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 25 TC 54 Z9 58 U1 4 U2 62 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD OCT 1 PY 2003 VL 124 IS 1 BP 241 EP 245 DI 10.1016/S0378-7753(03)00731-6 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 725VV UT WOS:000185563800035 ER PT J AU Moss, PL Fu, R Au, G Plichta, EJ Xin, Y Zheng, JP AF Moss, PL Fu, R Au, G Plichta, EJ Xin, Y Zheng, JP TI Investigation of cycle life of Li-LixV2O5 rechargeable batteries SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE capacity degradation; LiV2O5; AC impedance; surface morphology ID DEGRADATION MECHANISM; LITHIUM INTERCALATION; ELECTROLYTE; CELLS; LIXV2O5 AB Li rechargeable cells made with structural the arrangement Li/membrane/LixV2O5 were examined under different charge states using AC impedance, environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). These states include charged, discharged, and over-cycled. The lowest internal resistance was obtained from the cell in the charged state; the resistance increased when the cell was discharged; and the highest resistance was obtained from the cell in the over-cycled state. From the ESEM and TEM studies, it was found that the surface of the cathode was porous initially; however, it was coated with an amorphous film and porous features had also disappeared from the cell in the over-cycled state. In addition, higher concentration of aluminum was found on the surface of the cathode in over-cycled cells. The mechanisms for capacity degradation are discussed. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Florida A&M Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. Florida State Univ, Ctr Interdisciplinary Magnet Resonance, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. USA, CommunElect Command, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. Florida State Univ, Ctr Adv Power Syst, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. RP Zheng, JP (reprint author), Florida A&M Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. NR 17 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 3 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD OCT 1 PY 2003 VL 124 IS 1 BP 261 EP 265 DI 10.1016/S0378-7753(03)00734-1 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 725VV UT WOS:000185563800038 ER PT J AU Hampton, SE Morrow, C AF Hampton, SE Morrow, C TI Reflective journaling and assessment SO JOURNAL OF PROFESSIONAL ISSUES IN ENGINEERING EDUCATION AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Behav Sci & Leadership, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Hampton, SE (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Behav Sci & Leadership, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 1052-3928 J9 J PROF ISS ENG ED PR JI J. Prof. Issues Eng. Educ. Pract. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 129 IS 4 BP 186 EP 189 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)1052-3928(2003)129:4(186) PG 4 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Education & Educational Research; Engineering GA 723DG UT WOS:000185416700001 ER PT J AU Taam, TMC Singh, A AF Taam, TMC Singh, A TI Unabsorbed overhead and the eichleay formula SO JOURNAL OF PROFESSIONAL ISSUES IN ENGINEERING EDUCATION AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article AB One of the less understood elements in construction damage claims is the home office expense that is incurred when a project is delayed. In compensable delay cases, there is no doubt that home office overhead is a legitimate expense of the contractor. However, the methodology for the calculation of the expense incurred has been widely debated as well as the circumstances under which the methodology should be applied. The Eichleay formula was born in 1960, and has come a long way over the past 40 years in its use and application. Court and board decisions have shaped the prerequisite criteria for its application and made it what it is today. This paper provides the background concept of compensable damage due to project delay, the effects of delay on home office overhead, the Eichleay formula evolution, precedence for prerequisite criteria for the formulas' application, and other formulas and methods that have evolved and been used. A "Direct Method" is proposed by the authors, which is straightforward and simple to apply. In the final analysis, obtaining a 100% accurate estimate of home office expenses is practically onerous. Therefore, representative formulas and techniques are used to arrive at a reasonable value for the unabsorbed overhead. C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Pacific Ocean Div, Ft Shafter, HI 96858 USA. Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Taam, TMC (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, Pacific Ocean Div, Bldg 525,Rm 131, Ft Shafter, HI 96858 USA. NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 1052-3928 J9 J PROF ISS ENG ED PR JI J. Prof. Issues Eng. Educ. Pract. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 129 IS 4 BP 234 EP 245 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)1052-3928(2003)129:4(234) PG 12 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Education & Educational Research; Engineering GA 723DG UT WOS:000185416700010 ER PT J AU Tunick, A AF Tunick, A TI Calculating the micrometeorological influences on the speed of sound through the atmosphere in forests SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID ORDER CLOSURE; WIND-SPEED; AIR-FLOW; MODEL; PROPAGATION; CANOPY; ATTENUATION; LAYERS; SIMULATION; VEGETATION AB A key element in determining point-to-point acoustic transmission within and above forests is modeling the variation (with height above ground) of the effective speed of sound. Effective speed of sound is readily derived from estimates of air temperature, relative humidity, and wind velocity. However, meteorological models for the forest canopy vary from comparatively simple to academically complex, requiring different amounts and numbers of inputs and computer capabilities. In addition, not all canopy profile models are suitable for acoustic applications. In this paper, a meteorological computer model for the forest canopy is developed to derive continuous profiles of effective sound speed from the ground to 3h, where It is the height of the canopy. In turn, these profiles are used to make some initial approximations of short-range acoustic transmission loss through a uniform forest stand for typical clear sky, midday atmospheric conditions. Also, a radiative transfer and energy budget algorithm is incorporated into the model to obtain the appropriate heat source profile for any time of day. Thus, physics-based micrometeorology is coupled to acoustics for future applications of acoustic information in forest environments. C1 USA, Res Lab, Computat & Informat Sci Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Tunick, A (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Computat & Informat Sci Directorate, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 45 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 114 IS 4 BP 1796 EP 1806 DI 10.1121/1.1608960 PN 1 PG 11 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 733GU UT WOS:000185992200008 PM 14587581 ER PT J AU Vincent, A Farley, LTC Chan, E James, WD AF Vincent, A Farley, LTC Chan, E James, WD TI Birt-Hogg-Dube syndrome: A review of the literature and the differential diagnosis of firm facial papules SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Review ID HEREDITARY MULTIPLE FIBROFOLLICULOMAS; DERMAL PERIFOLLICULAR FIBROMAS; SPONTANEOUS PNEUMOTHORAX; INTESTINAL POLYPOSIS; KIDNEY NEOPLASIA; ACROCHORDONS; TRICHODISCOMAS; COLON; ONCOCYTOMA AB Birt-Hogg-Dube syndrome (BHDS) was originally described in 1977 as the grouping of 3 skin tumors-the fibrofolliculoma, trichodiscoma, and acrochordon-in family members with an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern. In recent years it has become clear that these 3 lesions likely represent only 1 of these tumors, the fibrofolliculoma. More important, evidence now supports a definite susceptibility to malignant renal tumors and pulmonary disease in patients with BHDS. Clinical recognition of this entity is possible in spite of the fact that several syndromes exist that are characterized by the presence of multiple firm facial papules. We will discuss the evolution of BHDS from the original description to the recent discovery of the genetic susceptibility locus, illustrate the clinical differential diagnosis, and highlight the workup needed for newly diagnosed patients and their family members. C1 Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Dermatol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP James, WD (reprint author), Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Dermatol, 2 Rhodes Pavil,3600 Spruce St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 44 TC 51 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 49 IS 4 BP 698 EP 705 DI 10.1067/S0190-9622(03)01582-2 PG 8 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 726NV UT WOS:000185606500019 PM 14512919 ER PT J AU Young, RJ Albertini, JG AF Young, RJ Albertini, JG TI Atrophic dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans: Case report, review, and proposed molecular mechanisms SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SUPERNUMERARY RING CHROMOSOME; IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION; BEDNAR TUMOR; SEQUENCES; VARIANT; PLAQUE AB We report a case of atrophic dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, an uncommon clinical variant. We discuss molecular and genetic mechanisms of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans tumorigenesis, review the literature on atrophic dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, and pose a molecular mechanism for the atrophic variant's phenotype. We also describe using Mohs micrographic excision with CD34 immunostains on the frozen sections to definitively treat the tumor. C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Young, RJ (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. NR 20 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 49 IS 4 BP 761 EP 764 DI 10.1067/S0190-9622(03)00793-X PG 4 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 726NV UT WOS:000185606500038 PM 14512938 ER PT J AU Wilson, DK Noble, JM Coleman, MA AF Wilson, DK Noble, JM Coleman, MA TI Sound propagation in the nocturnal boundary layer SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID PARABOLIC EQUATION; ATMOSPHERE; INVERSIONS; PARAMETERS; IMPEDANCE; MODELS; FLOW AB An experimental study of sound propagation near the ground in stable, nighttime conditions was performed in conjunction with the Cooperative Atmosphere - Surface Exchange Study-1999 (CASES-99). Low-frequency sound transmissions were continuously recorded at microphones out to a distance of 1.3 km from a loudspeaker during CASES-99 intensive observation periods (IOPs) 6 and 7. Fading episodes in the received signal energy of 10 to 20 dB, lasting several minutes to an hour, were frequently observed. Strong discrete events, such as the density current and solitary wave of IOP 7, were found to have significant effects on acoustical signals, although substantial variability in received sound energy often occurred outside such events. Sound propagation model predictions demonstrate that wind and temperature data from a tall tower, such as the CASES-99 60- m tower, can be used to predict the momentary variations in a 50-Hz sound signal with good success. Tethersonde and rawinsonde data are generally too infrequent to model many of the strong variations present in the signal. The sensitivity of sound waves to changes in nocturnal boundary layer structure could allow development of new remote sensing methods. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Wilson, DK (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RI Wilson, D. Keith/A-4687-2012 OI Wilson, D. Keith/0000-0002-8020-6871 NR 23 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0022-4928 J9 J ATMOS SCI JI J. Atmos. Sci. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 60 IS 20 BP 2473 EP 2486 DI 10.1175/1520-0469(2003)060<2473:SPITNB>2.0.CO;2 PG 14 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 727NK UT WOS:000185664800004 ER PT J AU Read, J Mutolo, K Ervin, M Behl, W Wolfenstine, J Driedger, A Foster, D AF Read, J Mutolo, K Ervin, M Behl, W Wolfenstine, J Driedger, A Foster, D TI Oxygen transport properties of organic electrolytes and performance of lithium/oxygen battery SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article AB The oxygen transport properties of several organic electrolytes were characterized through measurements of oxygen solubility and electrolyte viscosity. Oxygen diffusion coefficients were calculated from electrolyte viscosities using the Stokes-Einstein relation. Oxygen solubility, electrolyte viscosity, and oxygen partial pressure were all directly correlated to discharge capacity and rate capability. Substantial improvement in cell performance was achieved through electrolyte optimization and increased oxygen partial pressure. The concentration of oxygen in the electrode under discharge was calculated using a semi-infinite medium model with simultaneous diffusion and reaction. The model was used to explain the dependence of cell performance on oxygen transport in organic electrolyte. (C) 2003 The Electrochemical Society. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL SE DC, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Maxpower Inc, Harleyville, PA 19538 USA. RP Read, J (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL SE DC, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 12 TC 260 Z9 273 U1 10 U2 105 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 150 IS 10 BP A1351 EP A1356 DI 10.1149/1.1606454 PG 6 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA 727CX UT WOS:000185639800011 ER EF