FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Brown, JF AF Brown, JF TI Correlation of the Abbott Spectrum with the Olympus AU 5000 for automated urine chemistry analysis SO LABORATORY MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA, Glen Burnie, MD USA. RP Brown, JF (reprint author), USA, Glen Burnie, MD USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CLIN PATHOLOGISTS PI CHICAGO PA 2100 W HARRISON ST, CHICAGO, IL 60612 USA SN 0007-5027 J9 LAB MED JI Lab. Med. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 32 IS 11 BP 691 EP 692 PG 2 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 487GD UT WOS:000171864600021 ER PT J AU Burgess, EB AF Burgess, EB TI The hill: A true story of tragedy, recovery, and redemption on North America's highest peak. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Combines Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Burgess, EB (reprint author), USA, Combines Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 126 IS 18 BP 102 EP 102 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 487TH UT WOS:000171891000110 ER PT J AU Kecskes, LJ Trexler, MD Klotz, BR Cho, KC Dowding, RJ AF Kecskes, LJ Trexler, MD Klotz, BR Cho, KC Dowding, RJ TI Densification and structural change of mechanically alloyed W-Cu composites SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB Fine-grained, high-density (97+ pet of theoretical density (TD)), 80W-20Cu wt pet (58W-42Cu at. pet) composites have been prepared using nonconventional alloying techniques. The W and Cu precursor powders were combined by a high-energy ball-milling procedure in air or hexane. The mechanically alloyed W + Cu powder mixtures were then cold pressed into green compacts and sintered at 1523 K. The milling medium and milling time were varied to increase product densities with a concomitant order-of-magnitude decrease in grain size. For densification, air was found to be a more effective medium than hexane. From microhardness measurements, it was concluded that the W-Cu alloys were dispersion and solution hardened, but were sensitive to entrapped residual impurities. X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses were used to demonstrate that the as-milled and sintered W-Cu alloy structures were metastable, decomposing into the starting W and Cu components upon heating at or above 723 K. C1 USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Georgia Inst Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Kecskes, LJ (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RI Kecskes, Laszlo/F-6880-2014; Dowding, Robert/F-1469-2015 OI Kecskes, Laszlo/0000-0002-1342-3729; Dowding, Robert/0000-0002-4763-2131 NR 13 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 9 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 32 IS 11 BP 2885 EP 2893 DI 10.1007/s11661-001-1039-0 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 491LQ UT WOS:000172110200020 ER PT J AU Reineck, C Finstuen, K Connelly, LM Murdock, P AF Reineck, C Finstuen, K Connelly, LM Murdock, P TI Army nurse readiness instrument: Psychometric evaluation and field administration SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th Annual Asia-Pacific Military Medical Conference CY MAY 07, 2000 CL SINGAPORE AB The purpose of this study was to construct and evaluate the psychometric properties of an instrument to estimate the level of individual readiness among U.S. Army nurses. This study constitutes phase 11 of congressionally sponsored research to establish the degree to which Army nurses are prepared for the expectations of deployment. An expert panel established the validity of the initial readiness questionnaire. Changes were then incorporated into the first Readiness Estimate and Deployability Index (READI) questionnaire. Internal consistency and test-retest techniques assessed multiple reliabilities from pilot administrations. The READI was refined based on the results. Analysis of field administrations of the revised READI to three separate groups of nurses replicated earlier reliability results. Principle component analyses appear to support the hypothesized dimensional structure underlying questionnaire attitude items. The READI produced psychometrically stable ratings and results with great utility for the Army and potential adaptation for other military services. C1 USA, Med Dept Ctr, USA Med Command, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. USA, Baylor Univ, Program Hlth Care Adm, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. USA, Dept Nursing Sci, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. USA, Baylor Univ, Grad Program, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. USA, Sch Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Reineck, C (reprint author), USA, Med Dept Ctr, USA Med Command, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 7 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 166 IS 11 BP 931 EP 939 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653DH UT WOS:000181419600002 PM 11725319 ER PT J AU Norkiewicz, DS Breault, LG Wonderlich, ST Malone, KH AF Norkiewicz, DS Breault, LG Wonderlich, ST Malone, KH TI The use of chemotherapeutic agents in localized periodontal pockets SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID TETRACYCLINE FIBER THERAPY; GINGIVAL CREVICULAR FLUID; CHLORHEXIDINE GLUCONATE; MULTICENTER EVALUATION; DELIVERED DOXYCYCLINE; ADULT PERIODONTITIS; UNITED-STATES; ORAL HYGIENE; SUBGINGIVAL; IRRIGATION AB Gingival diseases are the most widely dispersed diseases in the United States. In some patients, periodontal disease appears in a generalized form, but more often it appears in localized areas. Furthermore, after treatment with scaling and root planing in generalized cases, the disease is often reduced to a few local areas in the patient's mouth. Because periodontitis is a bacterial infection with known pathogenic microorganisms, the local delivery of antimicrobial agents has been considered to be a possible solution for treating and controlling localized forms of periodontal disease. Three local chemotherapeutic agents are reviewed in this paper: tetracycline fiber, doxycycline gel, and chlorhexidine chip. With the advancement of local drug delivery systems, restorative dentists, periodontists, and their patients have new alternatives for the treatment of periodontal disease. Local chemotherapeutic agents offer an additional mode of therapy and should be used on a case-by-case basis, not necessarily as an initial treatment. C1 Schofield Barracks Dent Clin, Schofield Barracks, HI 96786 USA. RP Norkiewicz, DS (reprint author), Schofield Barracks Dent Clin, Schofield Barracks, HI 96786 USA. NR 37 TC 3 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 166 IS 11 BP 940 EP 946 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653DH UT WOS:000181419600003 PM 11725320 ER PT J AU Rathore, D Kumar, S Lanar, DE McCutchan, TF AF Rathore, D Kumar, S Lanar, DE McCutchan, TF TI Disruption of disulfide linkages of the Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein: effects on cytotoxic and antibody responses in mice SO MOLECULAR AND BIOCHEMICAL PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE malaria; DNA vaccine; sporozoites ID T-CELL EPITOPES; MALARIA SPOROZOITES; LYMPHOCYTE EPITOPE; VIRAL PROTEIN; DNA VACCINE; CS PROTEIN; IN-VITRO; IMMUNIZATION; RECOGNITION; IMMUNOGENICITY AB The circumsporozoite protein is a predominant surface antigen present on Plasmodium sporozoites. In Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein (PfCSP), two cysteine residues (396 and 401) are present adjacent to two overlapping cytotoxic T-lymphocyte epitopes of the protein and are involved in the formation of disulfide bridges. We investigated the role of these cysteines on the cellular and antibody responses towards the CS protein because disruption of disulfide linkages and the presence of cysteine residues in the flanking region of an epitope has been shown to significantly alter the immune responses to various proteins, Mice were immunized with variant forms of PfCSP DNA vaccine plasmids where these cysteine residues were individually mutated to alanine. The plasmid vaccines induced antigen specific antibody and cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses. While no alterations of cysteine influenced the CTL responses to P. falciparum CS protein, vaccine pVRCS4, containing an altered cysteine at position 401, dramatically improved the antibody response to the carboxyl-terminal region of the protein. This work indicates that sequence alterations of genes in an anti-malarial vaccine could enhance the response towards the native protein. Given the fact that long term natural immunity to the pathogen has not been documented, it may be important to challenge the immune system with non-native proteins. (C) 2001 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 NIAID, Growth & Dev Sect, Parasit Dis Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. USN, Med Res Ctr, Malaria Program, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP McCutchan, TF (reprint author), NIAID, Growth & Dev Sect, Parasit Dis Lab, NIH, Room 126,Bldg 4,4 Ctr Dr,MSC 0425, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RI Lanar, David/B-3560-2011 NR 53 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-6851 J9 MOL BIOCHEM PARASIT JI Mol. Biochem. Parasitol. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 118 IS 1 BP 75 EP 82 DI 10.1016/S0166-6851(01)00369-3 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Parasitology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Parasitology GA 500RZ UT WOS:000172641700008 PM 11704275 ER PT J AU Werrlein, RJ Madren-Whalley, JS AF Werrlein, RJ Madren-Whalley, JS TI Multiphoton imaging of the human basal cell adhesion complex and associated sulfur mustard lesions SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Div Pharmacol, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PD NOV PY 2001 VL 12 SU S MA 1047 BP 193A EP 193A PG 1 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 496AL UT WOS:000172372501047 ER PT J AU Kumar, A Warke, VG Krishnan, S Fisher, CU Tsokos, GC Nambiar, MP AF Kumar, A Warke, VG Krishnan, S Fisher, CU Tsokos, GC Nambiar, MP TI Overexpression of Fc epsilon RI gamma chain increases TCR/CD3-mediated signaling in T lymphocytes SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RI kumari, uttara/P-6779-2016 OI kumari, uttara/0000-0001-9628-4770 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PD NOV PY 2001 VL 12 SU S MA 1098 BP 202A EP 202A PG 1 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 496AL UT WOS:000172372501098 ER PT J AU Tsokos, CG Kumar, A Warke, VG Fisher, CU Gilliland, W Oglesby, R Tsokos, GC Nambiar, MP AF Tsokos, CG Kumar, A Warke, VG Fisher, CU Gilliland, W Oglesby, R Tsokos, GC Nambiar, MP TI Decreased stability of a novel TCR zeta chain mRNA with alternatively spliced 3 ' untranslated region selectively expressed in T lymphocytes of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Rheumatol Serv, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PD NOV PY 2001 VL 12 SU S MA 1253 BP 229A EP 229A PG 1 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 496AL UT WOS:000172372501251 ER PT J AU Nambiar, MP Fisher, CU Warke, VG Krishnan, S Kumar, A Gilliland, W Oglesby, R Tsokos, GC AF Nambiar, MP Fisher, CU Warke, VG Krishnan, S Kumar, A Gilliland, W Oglesby, R Tsokos, GC TI Increased lipid-raft association of the residual TCR zeta chain in T lymphocytes of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Rheumatol Serv, Washington, DC USA. RI kumari, uttara/P-6779-2016 OI kumari, uttara/0000-0001-9628-4770 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PD NOV PY 2001 VL 12 SU S MA 1837 BP 334A EP 335A PG 2 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 496AL UT WOS:000172372501833 ER PT J AU Rothwell, SW Peachman, KK Alving, CR Rao, M AF Rothwell, SW Peachman, KK Alving, CR Rao, M TI Cytological changes in macrophage plasma membrane following cholesterol depletion SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Anat Physiol & Genet, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Membrane Biochem, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PD NOV PY 2001 VL 12 SU S MA 1902 BP 346A EP 346A PG 1 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 496AL UT WOS:000172372501898 ER PT J AU Wilber, DH Clarke, DG AF Wilber, DH Clarke, DG TI Biological effects of suspended sediments: A review of suspended sediment impacts on fish and shellfish with relation to dredging activities in estuaries SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Review ID SALMON ONCORHYNCHUS-TSHAWYTSCHA; CRASSOSTREA-VIRGINICA GMELIN; WEAKFISH CYNOSCION-REGALIS; TURBIDITY-INDUCED CHANGES; MERCENARIA-MERCENARIA; REACTIVE DISTANCE; MYTILUS-EDULIS; CONTINENTAL-SHELF; FEEDING-ACTIVITY; BOTTOM MATERIAL AB Objective assessment of the effects of increased concentrations of suspended sediment caused by human activities, such as navigation dredging, on estuarine fish and shellfish requires an integration of findings from biological and engineering studies. Knowledge is needed of (1) the suspended sediment characteristics typical of both ambient and dredging-induced conditions, (2) the biological responses of aquatic organisms to these suspended sediment dosages, and (3) the likelihood that organisms of interest will encounter suspended sediment plumes. This paper synthesizes the results of studies that report biological responses to known suspended sediment concentrations and exposure durations and relates these findings to suspended sediment conditions associated with dredging projects. Biological responses of taxonomic groups and life history stages are graphed as a function of concentration and exposure duration. The quality and taxonomic breadth of studies on which resource managers must rely when evaluating potential impacts from activities that resuspend sediments, such as dredging projects, are addressed. Review of the pertinent literature indicates that few data exist concerning biological responses of fish and shellfish to suspended sediment dosages commonly associated with dredging projects. Much of the available data come from bioassays that measured acute responses and required high concentrations of suspended sediments to induce the measured response, usually mortality. Although anadromous salmonids have received much attention, little is known of behavioral responses of many estuarine fishes to suspended sediment plumes. Likewise, the effects of intermittent exposures at periodicities that simulate the effects of tidal flushing or the conduct of many dredge operations have not been addressed. C1 GynTel, Charleston, SC 29412 USA. USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Wilber, DH (reprint author), GynTel, 664 Plantat Rd, Charleston, SC 29412 USA. EM wilberdh@aol.com RI Langhamer, Olivia/J-3425-2012 NR 102 TC 78 Z9 87 U1 5 U2 79 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0275-5947 EI 1548-8675 J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE JI North Am. J. Fish Manage. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 21 IS 4 BP 855 EP 875 DI 10.1577/1548-8675(2001)021<0855:BEOSSA>2.0.CO;2 PG 21 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 529FL UT WOS:000174289300016 ER PT J AU Killgore, KJ Maynord, ST Chan, MD Morgan, RP AF Killgore, KJ Maynord, ST Chan, MD Morgan, RP TI Evaluation of propeller-induced mortality on early life stages of selected fish species SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article ID IMPACTS AB The mortality of ichthyoplankton entrained through a scale model of a towboat propeller was evaluated in a large (>2 million L) circulating water channel. Five species of fish (larval shovelnose sturgeon Scaphirhynchus platorynchus, larval lake sturgeon Acipenser fulvescens, the larvae and eggs of paddlefish Polodon spathula, larval blue sucker Cycleptus elongatus, and juvenile common carp Cyprinus carpio) were tested. Replicate group, of individuals were subjected to one or more shear stress levels (634, 1,613, 3,058, and 4,743 dynes/cm(2) [I dyne = the force that would give a free mass of I g an acceleration of 1 cm/s(2)]). Mortality was a linear function of shear stress for all species and life stages. Paddlefish eggs and common carp juveniles were more resistant to shear stress than all larval fish. Smaller larvae (take sturgeon and blue suckers) experienced higher mortalities (>75%) than larger larvae (shovelnose sturgeon and paddlefish). The conditional mortality (i.e., treatment less control mortality) of blue suckers, the smallest larvae evaluated during the study, was less than 40% due to the high mortality of control groups from handling stress. Delayed mortality was monitored over a 1-3 h period and was observed for all larval species, particularly at higher shear stress levels, but not for common carp juveniles and paddlefish eggs. The probability of blade contact was approximately 10%, but only a few juvenile common carp displayed blade-type injuries. Shear stress created from propellerjet velocities in navigable rivers can exceed 5,000 dynes/cm2 and is probably the primary force contributing to the mortality of ichthyoplankton entrained during vessel passage, the magnitude of which is dependent on individual size. C1 USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Appalachian Lab, Frostburg, MD 21532 USA. RP Killgore, KJ (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Waterways Expt Stn, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 25 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 13 U2 135 PU AMER FISHERIES SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA SN 0275-5947 J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE JI North Am. J. Fish Manage. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 21 IS 4 BP 947 EP 955 DI 10.1577/1548-8675(2001)021<0947:EOPIMO>2.0.CO;2 PG 9 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 529FL UT WOS:000174289300026 ER PT J AU Yancey, MK Zhang, J Schwarz, J Dietrich, CS Klebanoff, M AF Yancey, MK Zhang, J Schwarz, J Dietrich, CS Klebanoff, M TI Labor epidural analgesia and intrapartum maternal hyperthermia SO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CESAREAN DELIVERY; RANDOMIZED TRIAL; FEVER; TEMPERATURE; RISK AB OBJECTIVE: To determine if women receiving continuous epidural analgesia are more likely to develop intrapartum. fever and related neonatal effects. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis of nulliparous women with term gestations in spontaneous labor delivered during a 12-month period immediately before the availability of on-demand labor epidural analgesia (Before group) and a similar group of nulliparas delivered after labor epidural analgesia was available on request (After group). RESULTS: The frequency of epidural increased from 1% before the availability of on-request epidural analgesia to 83% after epidural analgesia was available on request. A maximal temperature of at least 100.4F was detected in three of 498 (0.6%) women in the Before group, and in 63 of 572 women (11.0%) in the After group (relative risk [RR] = 18.3, 95% confidence interval [0] 5.8, 57.8, P < .01). Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that on-request labor epidural analgesia was associated with an intrapartum. temperature of at least 99.5F (RR = 3.0, 95% CI 2.3, 3.6, P < .001) and intrapartum. temperature of at least 100.4F (RR = 20.2, 95% CI 7.0, 86.0, P < .001). There were statistically significant increases in the proportion of newborns who had complete blood counts (24% versus 13.5%, RR = 1.5, 95% CI 1.3, 1.8, P < .01) and blood cultures (30.7% versus 8.6%, RR = 1.7, 95% CI 1.2, 2.4, P < .05) in the After period compared with the Before group; however, there was no statistically significant difference in the proportion of infants who received antibiotic therapy for presumed sepsis between the After and Before periods (5.8% versus 4.6%, RR = 1.15, 95% CI 0.8, 1.6, P = .38). No infants in either group had culture-proven sepsis. CONCLUSION: The use of labor epidural analgesia is associated with a clinically significant increase in the incidence of intrapartum fever. (Obstet Gynecol 2001;98:763-70. (C) 2001 by the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists). C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, MCHK OB, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NICHHD, Div Epidemiol Stat & Prevent Res, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Yancey, MK (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, MCHK OB, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. FU NICHD NIH HHS [YI-HD-8290] NR 17 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0029-7844 J9 OBSTET GYNECOL JI Obstet. Gynecol. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 98 IS 5 BP 763 EP 770 DI 10.1016/S0029-7844(01)01537-X PN 1 PG 8 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 488TT UT WOS:000171952400010 PM 11704166 ER PT J AU Russell, CS Lang, C McCambridge, M Calhoun, B AF Russell, CS Lang, C McCambridge, M Calhoun, B TI Neuroleptic malignant syndrome in pregnancy SO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article AB BACKGROUND: Neuroleptic malignant syndrome can be a serious neurologic complication of drug therapy during pregnancy. CASE: A young woman was admitted to the intensive care unit with worsening varicella pneumonia. After being given haldol for agitation, she developed fever, increasing agitation, rigidity, tachycardia, and tremors; she was diagnosed as having neuroleptic malignant syndrome. She was treated successfully with bromocriptine and dantrolene. CONCLUSION: Despite the common use of antipsychotic medications, neuroleptic malignant syndrome is seen infrequently during pregnancy. The diagnosis can be difficult to make, but if suspected, it can be treated successfully. (Obstet Gynecol 2001;98:906-8. (C) 2001 by the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists.). C1 Womack Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Ft Bragg, NC 28307 USA. RP Russell, CS (reprint author), Womack Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Ft Bragg, NC 28307 USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0029-7844 J9 OBSTET GYNECOL JI Obstet. Gynecol. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 98 IS 5 SU S BP 906 EP 908 DI 10.1016/S0029-7844(01)01442-9 PN 2 PG 3 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 490GP UT WOS:000172042300005 PM 11704197 ER PT J AU Pazos, G Mair, EA AF Pazos, G Mair, EA TI Complications of radiofrequency ablation in the treatment of sleep-disordered breathing SO OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY LA English DT Article ID ATRIAL-FIBRILLATION; TISSUE REDUCTION; MANAGEMENT; PALATE AB OBJECTIVE. To evaluate complications of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in the treatment of sleep-disordered breathing and to outline complication avoidance strategies. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: Retrospective review of 51 consecutive RFA treatment sessions for SDB to the soft palate and tongue base by a single surgeon at a tertiary medical center. RESULTS: Over 2 years, 51 treatments comprising 26 palatal and 25 tongue base RFA treatments were performed for sleep-disordered breathing on 30 patients. Complications included palatal mucosal breakdown (I I cases), temporary tongue base neuralgias (4 cases), uvular sloughing (2 cases), tongue base abscesses (2 cases), and floor of mouth edema with airway compromise (2 cases). CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: This is the first paper focusing on complications of RFA. While complications from soft palate RFA present rapidly and are self-limiting, complications from tongue base RFA may be delayed and life threatening. A detailed strategy is provided to avoid and treat these complications. C1 USAF, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Mair, EA (reprint author), USAF, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 9 TC 32 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0194-5998 J9 OTOLARYNG HEAD NECK JI Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 125 IS 5 BP 462 EP 467 DI 10.1067/mhn.2001.119863 PG 6 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA 493FL UT WOS:000172211300005 PM 11700442 ER PT J AU Curry, MP Newlon, JL Watson, DW AF Curry, MP Newlon, JL Watson, DW TI Cavernous sinus metastasis from laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma SO OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY LA English DT Article C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. RP Newlon, JL (reprint author), 3211 Hitching Post Lane, San Antonio, TX 78217 USA. NR 6 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0194-5998 J9 OTOLARYNG HEAD NECK JI Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 125 IS 5 BP 567 EP 568 DI 10.1067/mhn.2001.116781 PG 2 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA 493FL UT WOS:000172211300028 PM 11700465 ER PT J AU Brietzke, SE Mair, EA AF Brietzke, SE Mair, EA TI Injection snoreplasty - Reply SO OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY LA English DT Letter ID DRUG C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Otolaryngol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Brietzke, SE (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Otolaryngol Serv, 16th & Georgia, Washington, DC 20307 USA. OI Brietzke, Scott/0000-0002-2844-6026 NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0194-5998 J9 OTOLARYNG HEAD NECK JI Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 125 IS 5 BP 579 EP 580 DI 10.1016/S0194-5998(01)70041-1 PG 2 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA 493FL UT WOS:000172211300034 ER PT J AU Eisenman, DJ Ashbaugh, C Zwolan, TA Arts, HA Telian, SA AF Eisenman, DJ Ashbaugh, C Zwolan, TA Arts, HA Telian, SA TI Implantation of the malformed cochlea SO OTOLOGY & NEUROTOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cochlear implantation; multichannel cochlear implant; osseous cochlear malformation ID INNER-EAR; CONGENITAL-MALFORMATIONS; SPEECH-PERCEPTION; CHILDREN; PERFORMANCE AB Objective: This study assesses the results of cochlear implantation in children with cochlear malformations. Study Design: Retrospective, matched-pairs analysis of prospectively collected data. Setting: University-based regional cochlear implant center. Patients: Seventeen children with osseous cochlear malformations who had undergone implantation were matched and compared with a group of children with normal cochleae who had undergone implantation. Interventions: All subjects received a multichannel cochlear implant and habilitation. Main Outcome Measures: All subjects were tested with the Early Speech Perception test, and the Glendonald Auditory Speech Perception tests for words and sentences. Patients were classified in a standardized speech perception category based on performance on the Early Speech Perception test. Results: All subjects demonstrated improving performance on all measures of speech perception over time. Overall, the two groups showed no statistically significant differences in performance at 6 and 24 months. However, subjects with malformed cochleae evidenced slower rates of improvement than did their matched control subjects. Subjects with more severe malformations demonstrated poorer performance, but this may have been attributable to preoperative factors rather than to implant performance. Conclusions: Children with radiographic cochlear malformations benefit from cochlear implantation with multichannel devices. They ultimately perform as well as their matched counterparts with normal cochleae, although they may improve more slowly over time. C1 Univ Michigan Hlth Syst, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Ann Arbor, MI USA. RP Eisenman, DJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Sect Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 22 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1531-7129 J9 OTOL NEUROTOL JI Otol. Neurotol. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 22 IS 6 BP 834 EP 841 DI 10.1097/00129492-200111000-00020 PG 8 WC Clinical Neurology; Otorhinolaryngology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Otorhinolaryngology GA 494CG UT WOS:000172260700020 PM 11698804 ER PT J AU Leek, MR AF Leek, MR TI Adaptive procedures in psychophysical research SO PERCEPTION & PSYCHOPHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD PROCEDURE; PSYCHOMETRIC FUNCTIONS; PEST; PSYCHOACOUSTICS; THRESHOLDS; FREQUENCY; SLOPE; BIAS AB As research on sensation and perception has grown more sophisticated during the last century, new adaptive methodologies have been developed to increase efficiency and reliability of measurement. An experimental procedure is said to be adaptive if the physical characteristics of the stimuli on each trial are determined by the stimuli and responses that occurred in the previous trial or sequence of trials. In this paper, the general development of adaptive procedures is described, and three commonly used methods are reviewed. Typically, a threshold value is measured using these methods, and, in some cases, other characteristics of the psychometric function underlying perceptual performance, such as slope, may be developed. Results of simulations and experiments with human subjects are reviewed to evaluate the utility of these adaptive procedures and the special circumstances under which one might be superior to another. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Army Audiol & Speech Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Leek, MR (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Army Audiol & Speech Ctr, 6900 Georgia Ave,NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. FU NIDCD NIH HHS [DC 00626] NR 48 TC 246 Z9 247 U1 1 U2 27 PU PSYCHONOMIC SOC INC PI AUSTIN PA 1710 FORTVIEW RD, AUSTIN, TX 78704 USA SN 0031-5117 J9 PERCEPT PSYCHOPHYS JI Percept. Psychophys. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 63 IS 8 BP 1279 EP 1292 DI 10.3758/BF03194543 PG 14 WC Psychology; Psychology, Experimental SC Psychology GA 509WZ UT WOS:000173174000002 PM 11800457 ER PT J AU Bodo, M Perjes, G Kalman, E Bacskai, E Berko, K Sarkadi, A Nagy, I Keim, KL Matysik, FM Csomor, K McCarron, R Zagvazdin, Y Rosenthal, M Morrissette, C Herendy, E Szporny, L Nagy, Z AF Bodo, M Perjes, G Kalman, E Bacskai, E Berko, K Sarkadi, A Nagy, I Keim, KL Matysik, FM Csomor, K McCarron, R Zagvazdin, Y Rosenthal, M Morrissette, C Herendy, E Szporny, L Nagy, Z TI Screening for cerebroprotective agents using an in vivo model of cerebral reversible depolarization in awake rats SO PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE pharmaceutical screening; hypoxia; isoelectric EEG; reversible depolarization; awake rat ID PHARMACEUTICAL-INDUSTRY; ELECTRICAL SILENCE; EVOKED-RESPONSES; BRAIN-DAMAGE; BLOOD-FLOW; HYPOXIA; ISCHEMIA; EEG; OXYGEN; DRUGS AB The need to screen cerebroprotective compounds without anesthetic interference prompted the development of a model using hypoxic rats. In this model two outcome measures were used: (1) the time to reach isoelectric electroencephalogram (iEEG), caused by nitrogen gas inhalation in the test chamber, and (2) the time for behavioral recovery measuring the latency of restoration of the head-ithdrawal reflex upon vibrissae stimulation. We report here data of blood chemistry, cerebral tissue oxygen measurements, a definition of a proposed scoring system, and the pharmacological results of RGH-2202. The findings with RGH-2202 are used here to show the utility of the screening method. Events during hypoxia: Arterial and venous pO(2), pCO(2), and pH, and brain tissue pO(2) significantly declined. Significant correlations were established among the pO(2) of cerebral tissue, blood, and the test chamber. RGH-2202 significantly and dose-dependently shortened the iEEG time; the compound's Effective Dose(30) was 227.8 mg kg(-1). Events during recovery: Immediately after the iEEG, when the atmosphere in the chamber was replaced with room air, the arterial, venous and brain tissue pO(2) increased above the control level and subsequently recovered to baseline levels. Behavioral recovery occurred before blood chemistry was otherwise normalized. RGH-2202 significantly and dose-dependently shortened the recovery time; the Effective Dose(30) was 8.71 mg kg(-1). The available data define and support the physiological basis of this practicable rat-screening model. (C) 2001 Academic Press. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Resuscitat Med, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Richter Ltd, Chem Works Gedeon, H-11030 Budapest, Hungary. Vela Pharmaceut, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. Univ Leipzig, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany. USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Southeastern Univ, NOVA, Coll Med Sci, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33328 USA. Univ Miami, Sch Med, Miami, FL 33101 USA. Natl Stroke Ctr, H-1021 Budapest, Hungary. RP Bodo, M (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Resuscitat Med, 503 Robert Grant Ave,Rm 1N46, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM Michael.Bodo@NA.AMEDD.ARMY.MIL RI Matysik, Frank/G-8535-2011; OI Nagy, Zoltan/0000-0001-9756-5427 NR 82 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 1043-6618 J9 PHARMACOL RES JI Pharmacol. Res. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 44 IS 5 BP 419 EP 429 DI 10.1006/phrs.2001.0882 PG 11 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 497GL UT WOS:000172447000010 PM 11712873 ER PT J AU Ozgur, U Lee, CW Everitt, HO AF Ozgur, U Lee, CW Everitt, HO TI Temperature dependence and reflection of coherent acoustic phonons in InGaN multiple quantum wells SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI B-BASIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Nitride Semiconductors (ICNS-4) CY JUL 16-20, 2001 CL DENVER, COLORADO ID SEMICONDUCTOR SUPERLATTICES; OSCILLATIONS AB Sub-picosecond optical pump-probe techniques were used to generate coherent zone-folded longitudinal acoustic phonons (ZFLAPS) in an InGaN multiple quantum well structure. Differential transmission measurements revealed that carriers injected near the barrier band edge were quickly captured into the quantum wells and generated strong coherent ZFLAP oscillations. Differential reflection measurements were used to explore the acoustic phonon transport and reflection in the multiple quantum well structure. C1 Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Everitt, HO (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. RI Everitt, Henry/L-7118-2013; Lee, Chang-Won/C-2709-2009 OI Everitt, Henry/0000-0002-8141-3768; Lee, Chang-Won/0000-0003-0546-0439 NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI BERLIN PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0370-1972 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI B JI Phys. Status Solidi B-Basic Res. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 228 IS 1 BP 85 EP 89 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 498LV UT WOS:000172513100020 ER PT J AU Theodoropoulou, N Overberg, ME Chu, SNG Hebard, AF Abernathy, CR Wilson, RG Zavada, JM Lee, KP Pearton, SJ AF Theodoropoulou, N Overberg, ME Chu, SNG Hebard, AF Abernathy, CR Wilson, RG Zavada, JM Lee, KP Pearton, SJ TI Magnetic properties of Mn and Fe-implanted p-GaN SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI B-BASIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Nitride Semiconductors (ICNS-4) CY JUL 16-20, 2001 CL DENVER, COLORADO ID MAGNETOELECTRONICS; FERROMAGNETISM AB The structural and magnetic properties of p-GaN implanted with high doses of Mn+ or Fe+ (0.1-5 at%) and subsequently annealed at 700-1000 degreesC were examined by transmission electron microscopy, selected-area diffraction patterns, X-ray diffraction and SQUID magnetometry. The implanted samples showed paramagnetic behavior on a large diamagnetic background signal for implantation doses below 3 at% Mn or Fe. At higher doses the samples showed signatures of ferromagnetism with Curie temperatures < 250 K for Mn and < 150 K for Fe implantation. The structural analysis of the Mn-implanted GaN showed regions consistent with the formation of GaxMn1-xN platelets occupying similar to5% of the implanted volume. An estimate of similar to (5.5 +/- 1.9)mu (B) per Mn was obtained, consistent with the expected value (5.0) for a half-filled shell. The formation of secondary phases such as MnxGay or MnxNy was excluded by careful diffraction analysis. The implantation process may have application in forming selected-area contact regions for spin-polarized carrier injection in device structures and in enabling a quick determination of the Curie temperatures in dilute magnetic semiconductor host materials. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. Bell Labs, Lucent Technol, Murray Hill, NJ 07974 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Phys, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Pearton, SJ (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. NR 11 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI BERLIN PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0370-1972 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI B JI Phys. Status Solidi B-Basic Res. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 228 IS 1 BP 337 EP 340 DI 10.1002/1521-3951(200111)228:1<337::AID-PSSB337>3.3.CO;2-A PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 498LV UT WOS:000172513100072 ER PT J AU Wraback, M Shen, H Bellotti, E Carrano, JC Collins, CJ Campbell, JC Dupuis, RD Schurman, MJ Ferguson, IT AF Wraback, M Shen, H Bellotti, E Carrano, JC Collins, CJ Campbell, JC Dupuis, RD Schurman, MJ Ferguson, IT TI Band structure effects on the transient electron velocity overshoot in GaN SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI B-BASIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Nitride Semiconductors (ICNS-4) CY JUL 16-20, 2001 CL DENVER, COLORADO ID SEMICONDUCTORS; TRANSPORT AB Time-resolved electroabsorption measurements on an AlGaN/GaN heterojunction p-i-n photodiode have been used to study the transient electron velocity overshoot for transport in the c-direction in wurtzite GaN. The velocity overshoot increases with electric field up to similar to 320 kV/cm, at which field a peak velocity of 7.25 x 10(7) cm/s is attained within the first 200 fs after photoexcitation. However, theoretical Monte Carlo calculations incorporating a GaN full-zone band structure show that the majority of electrons do not attain sufficient energy to effect intervalley transfer until they are subjected to higher fields (> 325 kV/cm). Insight into this behavior can be gleaned from the band nonparabolicity deduced from the constant energy surfaces in the Gamma valley, which shows that the effective mass in the c-direction can be viewed as becoming larger at high k values. C1 USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, AMSRL SE EM, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Boston Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Boston, MA 02215 USA. DARPA, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. Univ Texas, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Microelect Res Ctr, Austin, TX 78712 USA. EMCORE Corp, Somerset, NJ 08873 USA. RP Wraback, M (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, AMSRL SE EM, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 7 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0370-1972 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI B JI Phys. Status Solidi B-Basic Res. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 228 IS 2 BP 585 EP 588 DI 10.1002/1521-3951(200111)228:2<585::AID-PSSB585>3.3.CO;2-Q PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 503GM UT WOS:000172790800052 ER PT J AU Komirenko, SM Kim, KW Kochelap, VA Stroscio, MA AF Komirenko, SM Kim, KW Kochelap, VA Stroscio, MA TI High-field electron transport in nanoscale group-III nitride devices SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI B-BASIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Nitride Semiconductors (ICNS-4) CY JUL 16-20, 2001 CL DENVER, COLORADO ID GAN AB Focusing on the short-size group-III nitride heterostructures, we have developed a model which takes into account main features of transport of electrons injected into a polar semiconductor under high electric fields. The model is based on an exact analytical solution of Boltzmann transport equation. The electron velocity distribution over the device is analyzed at different fields and the basic characteristics of the high-field electron transport are obtained. The critical field for the runaway regime, when electron energies and velocities increase with distance which results in the average velocities higher than the peak velocity in bulk-like samples, is determined. We have found that the runaway electrons are characterized by a distribution function with population inversion. Different nitride-based small-size devices where this effect can have an impact on the device performance are considered. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, Inst Semicond Phys, UA-252650 Kiev, Ukraine. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Komirenko, SM (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0370-1972 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI B JI Phys. Status Solidi B-Basic Res. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 228 IS 2 BP 593 EP 597 DI 10.1002/1521-3951(200111)228:2<593::AID-PSSB593>3.3.CO;2-U PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 503GM UT WOS:000172790800054 ER PT J AU Exton, RJ Balla, RJ Shirinzadeh, B Brauckmann, GJ Herring, GC Kelliher, WC Fugitt, J Lazard, CJ Khodataev, KV AF Exton, RJ Balla, RJ Shirinzadeh, B Brauckmann, GJ Herring, GC Kelliher, WC Fugitt, J Lazard, CJ Khodataev, KV TI On-board projection of a microwave plasma upstream of a Mach 6 bow shock SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID WAVE PROPAGATION; BREAKDOWN; AIR; DISCHARGE; NITROGEN; PULSES; FIELD AB High power, pulsed microwaves are beamed forward of a model in a Mach 6 flow using an on-board, Ku-band horn. A thin "precursor" plasma is generated just ahead of the bow shock in the low density free stream. Temporal and spatial analysis of the microwave E-field and plasma conductivity in the supersonic flow field indicate that the plasma reflects a large proportion of the microwave power in an individual pulse as soon as the plasma frequency exceeds the wave frequency. Possible methods for more efficient deposition of power in the free stream are discussed which could lead to increased interaction with the shock. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA. Dept Energy Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Dept Def Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Moscow Radiotech Inst, RAS, Moscow 113519, Russia. RP Exton, RJ (reprint author), NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA. NR 43 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD NOV PY 2001 VL 8 IS 11 BP 5013 EP 5017 DI 10.1063/1.1407819 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 483QT UT WOS:000171647800037 ER PT J AU Antoun, MD Ramos, Z Vazquez, J Oquendo, I Proctor, GR Gerena, L Franzblau, SG AF Antoun, MD Ramos, Z Vazquez, J Oquendo, I Proctor, GR Gerena, L Franzblau, SG TI Evaluation of the flora of Puerto Rico for in vitro antiplasmodial and antimycobacterial activities SO PHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE medicinal plants; antiplasmodial activity; antimycobacterial activity; in vitro bioassays; Puerto Rico ID DRUG-RESISTANCE; MALARIA; INVITRO AB The emergence of resistant strains of Plasmodium falciparum and Mycobacterium tuberculosis underscores the need for novel drugs that are effective against these microorganisms. As part of our screening programme of the flora of Puerto Rico, we tested a number of ethanol extracts of higher plants for antiplasmodial and antimycobacterial activities. A total of 40 extracts belonging to 23 plant families and 37 species were tested for antiplasmodial activity. Five extracts demonstrated activity against Plasmodium falciparum in vitro (50%-100% parasite suppression at 5 mug/mL). Another 63 extracts belonging to 30 plant families and 50 species were tested in vitro against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Two extracts were found to be active, Ficus citrifolia and Pisonia borinquena (85% or more inhibition of microbial growth at 100 mug/mL of extract). Copyright (C) 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 Univ Puerto Rico, Sch Pharm, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, San Juan, PR 00936 USA. Govt Puerto Rico, Dept Nat Resources, San Juan, PR 00906 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Army, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Louisiana State Univ, GWL Hansens Dis Ctr, Lab Res Branch, Baton Rouge, LA 70894 USA. RP Antoun, MD (reprint author), Univ Puerto Rico, Sch Pharm, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Med Sci Campus, San Juan, PR 00936 USA. OI Franzblau, Scott/0000-0002-8698-0243 FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR-03051]; NIAID NIH HHS [Y01-AI5016]; PHS HHS [R15A63636] NR 15 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 0951-418X J9 PHYTOTHER RES JI Phytother. Res. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 15 IS 7 BP 638 EP 642 DI 10.1002/ptr.880 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 487ZJ UT WOS:000171909300019 PM 11746852 ER PT J AU Bakaltcheva, I Gyimah, D Reid, T AF Bakaltcheva, I Gyimah, D Reid, T TI Effects of alpha-tocopherol on platelets and the coagulation system SO PLATELETS LA English DT Article ID VITAMIN-E; NATURAL ANTIOXIDANTS; CRYOPROTECTANTS; AGGREGATION AB Vitamin E is one of the most widely used antioxidants in cryopreservation and preservation technology. The objective of this study is to examine the effect of vitamin E on platelets and the coagulation system. Vitamin E was added at different concentrations in the range between 0.25 and 5 mM to donor plasma. Using a STA/STA Compact coagulation analyzer the following clotting tests were performed: prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), thrombin time (TT). The control clotting times PT (13.80 +/-0.4 s), APTT (27.4 +/-2.4 s) and TT (17.6 +/-0.4 s) remained unchanged in the presence of vitamin E. The effect of vitamin E on platelets was assessed by platelet-induced clot retraction (PICR) and aggregation by thrombin. PICR was unaffected by vitamin E. Platelet aggregation, however, was profoundly inhibited by vitamin E. We found that inhibition of platelet aggregation by vitamin E was concentration dependent: increasing with increasing vitamin E concentration. This inhibitory effect, however, was widely reversible upon dilution of vitamin E with autologus platelet-poor plasma. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Bakaltcheva, I (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 16 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU CARFAX PUBLISHING PI BASINGSTOKE PA RANKINE RD, BASINGSTOKE RG24 8PR, HANTS, ENGLAND SN 0953-7104 J9 PLATELETS JI Platelets PD NOV PY 2001 VL 12 IS 7 BP 389 EP 394 DI 10.1080/09537100120071022 PG 6 WC Cell Biology; Hematology SC Cell Biology; Hematology GA 483RJ UT WOS:000171649400001 PM 11674855 ER PT J AU Kakhniashvili, DG Goodman, SR AF Kakhniashvili, DG Goodman, SR TI Isolation of spectrin subunits by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography SO PROTEIN EXPRESSION AND PURIFICATION LA English DT Article AB We present a one-step uncomplicated method of separation of spectrin subunits. The method is based on reverse-phase HPLC employing an analytical C4 column. Reverse-phase HPLC combines the steps of dissociation and separation of spectrin subunits. The method can be applied to different spectrin isoforms. It can be used for analytical purposes, as well as for small-scale (<0.4 mg) isolation of spectrin subunits. (C) 2001 Academic Press. C1 Univ S Alabama, USA,Coll Med, Ctr Comprehens Sickle Cell, Dept Cell Biol & Neurosci, Mobile, AL 36688 USA. RP Goodman, SR (reprint author), Univ Texas, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Mail Stn FO 3-1,Box 830688, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [3P60HL38639] NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1046-5928 J9 PROTEIN EXPRES PURIF JI Protein Expr. Purif. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 23 IS 2 BP 249 EP 251 DI 10.1006/prep.2001.1516 PG 3 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 488RN UT WOS:000171949600005 PM 11676599 ER PT J AU Watt, G Kantipong, P Jongsakul, J De Souza, M Burnouf, T AF Watt, G Kantipong, P Jongsakul, J De Souza, M Burnouf, T TI Passive transfer of scrub typhus plasma to patients with AIDS: a descriptive clinical study SO QJM-MONTHLY JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF PHYSICIANS LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; RICKETTSIA-TSUTSUGAMUSHI; HIV-INFECTION; VIRAL LOAD; TYPE-1; MARKERS; IMPACT; ISSUES; CELLS AB We examined the HIV-inhibitory effects previously found to be associated with scrub typhus infection. Individual 500 nil units of plasma from donors with mild scrub typhus were safety-tested, subjected to virucidal heat treatment, and administered to 10 HIV-1-infected recipients who were not receiving antiretroviral drugs. HIV-1 copy number fell threefold or more in two recipients, and virus burden was reduced for 8 weeks in 70% (7/10) of recipients of a single plasma infusion, compared with the mean of three pre-infusion measurements. Scrub typhus donor plasma inhibited HIV-1 in vitro compared with normal human plasma and media controls. in the clearest in vivo response, reduction in viral load was accompanied by clinical improvement, a switchback from the syncytia-inducing to the non-syncytia-inducing phenotype, and decreases in CD8 cells and IL-6 levels. Scrub typhus infections can generate heat-stable, transferable plasma factors that exert prolonged anti-HIV effects. Whether variability in the results is due to different scrub typhus infections, different HIV infections or different individual responses, is unclear. C1 Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, USAMC, Retrovirol Dept, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Human Plasma Prod Serv, Lille, France. Chiangrai Reg Hosp, Chiangrai, Thailand. RP Watt, G (reprint author), Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Retrovirol Dept, DTM&H, APO, AP 96546 USA. NR 25 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1460-2725 J9 QJM-MON J ASSOC PHYS JI QJM-Mon. J. Assoc. Physicians PD NOV PY 2001 VL 94 IS 11 BP 599 EP 607 DI 10.1093/qjmed/94.11.599 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 496CP UT WOS:000172378400003 PM 11704689 ER PT J AU He, JQ Sullivan, A Carin, L AF He, JQ Sullivan, A Carin, L TI Multilevel fast multipole algorithm for general dielectric targets in the presence of a lossy half-space SO RADIO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ELECTROMAGNETIC SCATTERING; INTEGRAL-EQUATIONS; ARBITRARY SHAPE; SURFACES; OBJECTS AB The multilevel fast multipole algorithm (MLFMA) is extended to the problem of an arbitrarily shaped dielectric target in the presence of a lossy, dispersive half-space. The near MLFMA terms are treated rigorously, via a complex-image-technique-based evaluation of the Sommerfeld integrals inherent to the half-space Green's function. The Green's function components for the far MLFMA terms are evaluated approximately, but accurately, via an asymptotic analysis. In this paper, we detail the scattering formulation and perform a comparison of MLFMA-generated results with those from other, simpler (and less general) models. C1 Duke Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Durham, NC 28808 USA. USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, SE,RU, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Duke Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Durham, England. RP Carin, L (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Box 90291, Durham, NC 28808 USA. NR 31 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0048-6604 J9 RADIO SCI JI Radio Sci. PD NOV-DEC PY 2001 VL 36 IS 6 BP 1271 EP 1285 DI 10.1029/2000RS002548 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications GA 508AT UT WOS:000173065300002 ER PT J AU Richardson, P Sieh, L Ganz, A AF Richardson, P Sieh, L Ganz, A TI Quality of service support for multimedia applications in third generation mobile networks using adaptive scheduling SO REAL-TIME SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE mobile computing; real-time communication; robust communications; adaptive scheduling; third generation mobile systems; voice transmission; quality of service support; multimedia applications and wireless networks AB Third generation mobile network will support services such as video-telephony, video-conferencing and other multimedia applications. Therefore, this network must provide quality of service (QoS) to these applications consistent with that offered by fixed networks. However, this is a very challenging task due to the instability of the wireless channel and the diverse quality of service requirements dictated by different multimedia applications. In this paper we introduce a resource allocation algorithm for the wireless downlink that takes into account the wireless channel characteristics, the QoS required by the applications as well as a pricing value function. Our solution is based on an adaptive scheduling algorithm originally developed for scheduling real-time processes during transient surges. This algorithm tends to maximize the wireless network operator profit while satisfying the customers' quality requests. C1 Univ Michigan, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Dearborn, MI 48128 USA. USA, Tank Automot RD&E Ctr, Vetron Technol Ctr, Washington, DC USA. Univ Massachusetts, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP Richardson, P (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Dearborn, MI 48128 USA. NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0922-6443 J9 REAL-TIME SYST JI Real-Time Syst. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 21 IS 3 BP 269 EP 284 DI 10.1023/A:1011184205136 PG 16 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA 466MB UT WOS:000170648400004 ER PT J AU Neilson, CB Groffman, PM Hamburg, SP Driscoll, CT Fahey, TJ Hardy, JP AF Neilson, CB Groffman, PM Hamburg, SP Driscoll, CT Fahey, TJ Hardy, JP TI Freezing effects on carbon and nitrogen cycling in northern hardwood forest soils SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID MICROBIAL BIOMASS; OXIDE EMISSIONS; ALPINE TUNDRA; THAW CYCLES; ARABLE SOIL; WINTER; N2O; MINERALIZATION; SNOWPACK; FLUXES AB We evaluated the effects of freeze-thaw events on soil respiration, nitrogen mineralization, nitrification, and nitrous oxide production in soils from a northern hardwood-dominated forest in New Hampshire, USA. Soil samples from three horizons (O-e, O-a, A) from nearly monospecific stands of sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marshall) and yellow birch (Betula alleghaniensis Britton) were placed in 200-mL incubation vessels (microlysimeters), subjected to severe (-13 degreesC) and mild (-3 degreesC) freeze treatments for 10 d. and then incubated at laboratory temperature (20-25 degreesC) for 3 wk. Evolution of CO2 and N2O and concentrations of leachable NH4+ and NO3- were measured at weekly intervals. Freezing increased rates of C and N cycling in these soils, but the effects varied with species, horizon, and freeze treatment. Whereas severe freezing stimulated respiration, N2O flux, and mineralization, mild freezing had very few effects. Nitrification did not appear to be affected by either freeze treatment, but increases in denitrification may have masked freeze effects on this process. Freeze effects were much more marked in maple than in birch soils and in the O-a and A horizons. Maple consistently had higher rates of nitrification and N2O production than did birch. The species and horizon differences were likely driven by higher levels of available C in the birch soils and O-e, horizon at both sites. These results suggest that changes in climate and snow cover that influence soil freezing could increase N and C losses from northern hardwood forest ecosystems with potential effects on soil fertility and carbon storage, receiving water quality, and atmospheric chemistry. C1 Inst Ecosyst Studies, Millbrook, NY 12545 USA. Brown Univ, Ctr Environm Studies, Providence, RI 02912 USA. Syracuse Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. Cornell Univ, Dept Nat Resources, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Groffman, PM (reprint author), Inst Ecosyst Studies, Box AB, Millbrook, NY 12545 USA. RI yang, lixia/D-7815-2011; Driscoll, Charles/F-9832-2014; OI Driscoll, Charles/0000-0003-2692-2890 NR 44 TC 51 Z9 70 U1 10 U2 48 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD NOV-DEC PY 2001 VL 65 IS 6 BP 1723 EP 1730 PG 8 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 505NJ UT WOS:000172918600020 ER PT J AU Cohen, SP Lubin, E Stojanovic, M AF Cohen, SP Lubin, E Stojanovic, M TI Intravenous lidocaine in the treatment of hiccup SO SOUTHERN MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB The word "hiccup" refers to an involuntary, spasmodic contraction of the diaphragm that is followed by the abrupt closure of the glottis to produce the characteristic sound. Among the many documented causes of this occurrence are those due to neurogenic dysfunction. In the past few decades, lidocaine has been shown to be effective in treating a variety of disorders thought to involve neuropathic mechanisms, including seizures, chronic pain, and arrhythmias. We describe a postsurgical patient in whom two successive intravenous infusions of lidocaine, 1.5 mg/kg followed the next day by 0.75 mg/kg, terminated his hiccup twice, whereas multiple other treatments failed to alleviate the problem. Various causes of this phenomenon are discussed, as well as a possible mechanism for the successful treatment. C1 Harvard Univ, Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Sch Med, Pain Ctr,Dept Anesthesia & Crit Care, Boston, MA USA. RP Cohen, SP (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Pain Management Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 10 TC 17 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOUTHERN MEDICAL ASSN PI BIRMINGHAM PA 35 LAKESHORE DR PO BOX 190088, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35219 USA SN 0038-4348 J9 SOUTHERN MED J JI South.Med.J. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 94 IS 11 BP 1124 EP 1125 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 505NL UT WOS:000172918800020 PM 11780683 ER PT J AU Belmont, PJ Klemme, WR Dhawan, A Polly, DW AF Belmont, PJ Klemme, WR Dhawan, A Polly, DW TI In vivo accuracy of thoracic pedicle screws SO SPINE LA English DT Article DE pedicle screw; pedicle; thoracic spine; accuracy; computed tomography; transverse screw angle; spinal fixation ID IDIOPATHIC SCOLIOSIS; COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; LUMBAR VERTEBRAE; COTREL-DUBOUSSET; PLACEMENT; SPINE; FIXATION; INSTRUMENTATION; KYPHOSIS; ANATOMY AB Study Design. A retrospective observational study of 279 transpedicular thoracic screws using postoperative computed tomography (CT). Objective. To determine the accuracy of transpedicular thoracic screws. Summary of Background Data. Previous studies have reported the importance of properly placed transpedicular thoracic screws. To our knowledge, the in vivo accuracy of pedicle screw placement throughout the entire thoracic spine by CT is unknown. Methods. The accuracy of thoracic screw placement within the pedicle and vertebral body and the resultant transverse screw angle (TSA) were assessed by postoperative CT. Cortical perforations of the pedicle were graded in 2-mm increments. Screws were regionally grouped for analysis. Results. Forty consecutive patients underwent instrumented posterior spinal fusion using 279 titanium thoracic pedicle screws of various diameters (4.5-6.5 mm). The regional distribution of the screws was 39 screws at T1-T4, 77 screws at T5-T8, and 163 screws at T9-T12. Fifty-seven percent of screws were totally confined within the pedicle. Although medial perforation of the pedicle wall occurred in 14% of screws, in <1% there was >2 mm of canal intrusion. Lateral pedicular perforation occurred in 68% of perforating screws and was significantly more common than medial perforation (P < 0.0005). Seventeen screws penetrated the anterior vertebral cortex by an average of 1.7 mm. Screws inserted between T1 and T4 had a decreased incidence of full containment within the pedicle (P < 0.0005) and vertebral body (P = 0.039) compared with T9-T12. The mean TSA for screws localized within the pedicle was 14.6 degrees and was significantly different from screws with either medial (mean 18.0 degrees) or lateral (mean 11.5 degrees) pedicle perforation (P < 0.0005). Anterior vertebral penetration was associated with a smaller mean TSA of 10.1 degrees (P = 0.01) and with lateral pedicle perforation (P < 0.0005). There were no neurologic or vascular complications. Conclusions. Ninety-nine percent of screws were fully contained or were inserted with either less than or equal to2 mm of medial cortical perforation or an acceptable lateral breech using the "in-out-in" technique. Anterior cortical penetration occurred significantly more often with lateral pedicle perforation and with a smaller mean TSA. The incidence of fully contained screws was directly correlated with the region of instrumented thoracic spine. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Orthopaed Surg Serv, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Hlth Sci, Uniformed Serv, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Klemme, WR (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Orthopaed Surg Serv, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 47 TC 194 Z9 218 U1 0 U2 7 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0362-2436 J9 SPINE JI SPINE PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 26 IS 21 BP 2340 EP 2346 DI 10.1097/00007632-200111010-00010 PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology; Orthopedics SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Orthopedics GA 490PC UT WOS:000172059400008 PM 11679819 ER PT J AU Bathe, R Vispute, RD Habersat, D Sharma, RP Venkatesan, T Scozzie, CJ Ervin, M Geil, BR Lelis, AJ Dikshit, SJ Bhattacharya, R AF Bathe, R Vispute, RD Habersat, D Sharma, RP Venkatesan, T Scozzie, CJ Ervin, M Geil, BR Lelis, AJ Dikshit, SJ Bhattacharya, R TI AlN thin films deposited by pulsed laser ablation, sputtering and filtered arc techniques SO THIN SOLID FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th International Conference on Metallurgical Coatings and Thin Films CY APR 30-MAY 05, 2001 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA SP AVS Sci & Technol Soc, Adv Surface Engn Div DE AlN films; pulsed laser deposition; sputtering; arc-deposition; conformal deposition; high-temperature high-power electronics ID ALUMINUM NITRIDE; SILICON AB The present work describes the growth and characterization of AIN thin films deposited by pulsed laser deposition (PLD), DC magnetron sputtering and filtered arc techniques. The focus of this paper is not only on the optimization of process parameters for the production of device quality thin AIN films, but also to investigate deposition techniques that could provide stable and reliable dielectric films wide band-gap power device. We investigated the working gas pressure dependence of the deposition of AIN on the vertical walls of the etched/patterned silicon for device passivation studies. Under high-pressure (13.334-93.343 Pa) conditions, high-density plasma was achieved which produced AIN passivation of a vertically etched Si wall. The films were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Rutherford backscattering and ion channeling spectrometry, atomic force microscopy (AFM), UV-visible spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM). (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, CSR, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Universal Energy Syst Inc, Dayton, OH 45432 USA. RP Vispute, RD (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, CSR, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RI Venkatesan, Thirumalai/E-1667-2013; Bathe, Ravi/A-8258-2008 OI Bathe, Ravi/0000-0002-7962-6908 NR 13 TC 19 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0040-6090 J9 THIN SOLID FILMS JI Thin Solid Films PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 398 BP 575 EP 580 DI 10.1016/S0040-6090(01)01321-9 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 505GZ UT WOS:000172906200099 ER PT J AU Toussaint, MW Rosencrance, AB Brennan, LM Dennis, WE Beaman, JR Wolfe, MJ Hoffmann, FJ Gardner, HS AF Toussaint, MW Rosencrance, AB Brennan, LM Dennis, WE Beaman, JR Wolfe, MJ Hoffmann, FJ Gardner, HS TI Chronic toxicity of bromodichloromethane to the Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) SO TOXICOLOGIC PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE bromodichloromethane; fish; carcinogenicity; cell proliferation; 5-bromo-2 '-deoxyuridine; medaka; aquatic toxicology; Oryzias latipes ID AQUARIUM FISH; CARCINOGENESIS; PROLIFERATION AB Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) were continually exposed in a flow-through diluter system for 9 months to measured bromodichloromethane (BDCM) concentrations of 0.018, 0.143, or 1.424 mg/L. Parameters evaluated were hepatocarcinogenicity, hepatocellular proliferation, hematology, and intrahepatic BDCM concentration. BDCM was not hepatocarcinogenic to medaka at the concentrations tested. Chronic toxicity was evidenced at 6 and 9 months by statistically significant (alpha=0.05) levels of gallbladder lesions and bile duct abnormalities in medaka treated with 1.424 mg/L BDCM. Hepatocellular proliferation was assessed after 1, 4, and 20 days of BDCM exposure. Treatment-related increases or decreases in cellular proliferation were not observed at any time point. Hematocrit, leukocrit, cell viability, and cell counts of treated fish after 9 months of BDCM exposure were not significantly different from control fish. Intrahepatic concentrations were evaluated by gas chromatography after 9 months of BDCM exposure. Fish livers from all three BDCM treatments had detectable amounts of BDCM, with median intrahepatic concentrations of 1.02, 2.89, and 21.25 mg BDCM/kg fish liver in the low, middle, and high concentrations, respectively. Medaka chronic toxicity effects of statistically significant gallbladder and bile duct abnormalities occurred at 1.424 mg/L BDCM, well above median drinking water levels. C1 USA, Ctr Environm Hlth Res, GEO CTR, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Expt Pathol Lab, Herndon, VA USA. RP Toussaint, MW (reprint author), USA, Ctr Environm Hlth Res, GEO CTR, 568 Doughten DR, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. FU NIEHS NIH HHS [Y1-ES-8051-02] NR 23 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0192-6233 J9 TOXICOL PATHOL JI Toxicol. Pathol. PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 29 IS 6 BP 662 EP 669 DI 10.1080/019262301753385997 PG 8 WC Pathology; Toxicology SC Pathology; Toxicology GA 558DW UT WOS:000175951900009 PM 11794382 ER PT J AU Goharderakhshan, RZ Schwartz, BF Rudnick, DM Irby, PB Stoller, ML AF Goharderakhshan, RZ Schwartz, BF Rudnick, DM Irby, PB Stoller, ML TI Radially expanding single-step nephrostomy tract dilator SO UROLOGY LA English DT Article ID PERCUTANEOUS NEPHROLITHOTOMY AB Objectives. To compare the radial and axial forces produced by balloon, Amplatz, and radially expanding single-step nephrostomy (RESN) systems and report, our initial clinical results using the new RESN device. Balloon, Amplatz, and Alken dilators are commonly used to establish nephrostomy tracts in percutaneous surgery. They require multiple steps, with the potential for kinking and displacement of the working guidewire. In contrast, the new RESN tract dilator expands a unique sleeve conduit and places an Amplatz-like sheath in a single step with less dependence on a guidewire for dilation. Methods. An experimental model was designed using a perforated silicon disc with a 10F central opening to measure the axial force transmission as 30F balloon, Amplatz, and RESN systems were inserted through the silicon discs. We also report our first 9 patients who underwent percutaneous dilation with the RESN system. Results. Thirty French expansion was achieved with each dilator tested. Substantially lower axial forces were transmitted with the RESN device compared with the balloon and Amplatz dilators (5.2 versus 13.1 and 19.2 lb, respectively, P <0.001). Intraoperatively, all 9 patients were successfully dilated, and the kidney was relatively stationary as imaged with fluoroscopy, One patient with multiple prior renal procedures was successfully dilated with RESN system after failed attempts with balloon dilation. Conclusions. The RESN dilator is a rapid, single-step access system successfully used in our first 9 patients. Intraluminal sleeve dilation eliminates guidewire dependence for maintaining access, limits renal displacement, and facilitates appropriate vector force for percutaneous dilation. (C) 2001, Elsevier Science Inc. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Med, Dept Urol, U575, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Urol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Stoller, ML (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Med, Dept Urol, U575, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. NR 10 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0090-4295 J9 UROLOGY JI UROLOGY PD NOV PY 2001 VL 58 IS 5 BP 693 EP 696 DI 10.1016/S0090-4295(01)01359-0 PG 4 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 495GC UT WOS:000172331000015 PM 11711342 ER PT J AU Merseburger, AS Connelly, RR Sun, L Richter, E Moul, JW AF Merseburger, AS Connelly, RR Sun, L Richter, E Moul, JW TI Se of serum creatinine to predict pathologic stage and recurrence among radical prostatectomy patients SO UROLOGY LA English DT Article ID BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA; PROGNOSTIC FACTORS; CLINICAL STAGE; CANCER; CLASSIFICATION AB Objectives. To assess serum creatinine as a putative marker for staging/prognosis in localized prostate cancer. Although clinical stage, tumor grade, serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA), and tumor volume assessment by biopsy positivity are established prognostic markers in prostate cancer, the need for additional serum markers is clear. In a prior neural network analysis by our group, serum creatinine appeared to improve staging and prognosis. Even though serum creatinine is one of the most common blood tests used by practicing urologists, it has not been tested rigorously as a potential staging/prognosis marker in localized prostate cancer. Methods. The data on 409 patients who underwent radical prostatectomy at the Walter Reed Army Medical Center between 1990 and 1996 were analyzed. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the ability of serum creatinine to predict the pathologic stage. The ability of creatinine to predict PSA recurrence was also assessed using Cox regression analysis. In multivariable analyses, creatinine was assessed while simultaneously controlling for race, age, prostate weight, clinical stage, Gleason (World Health Organization) grade, prostatism history, treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia, and pretreatment PSA level. Results. Creatinine ranged from 0.1 to 2.3 mg/dL (mean and median 1.1 mg/dL). The relationship of creatinine to pathologic stage was significant (P = 0.050). As the level of creatinine increased, the proportion of patients with extraprostatic disease generally decreased. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, creatinine was not a significant predictor (P = 0.270). The relationship of the creatinine level to PSA recurrence was not significant in the univariate or multivariable analysis. Conclusions. Creatinine did not provide independent information for predicting pathologic stage or disease recurrence inpatients with early prostate cancer. (C) 2001, Elsevier Science Inc. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Urol Serv, Washington, DC USA. RP Moul, JW (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, 1530 E Jefferson St, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. NR 20 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0090-4295 J9 UROLOGY JI UROLOGY PD NOV PY 2001 VL 58 IS 5 BP 729 EP 734 DI 10.1016/S0090-4295(01)01370-X PG 6 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 495GC UT WOS:000172331000023 PM 11711350 ER PT J AU McLeod, D Zinner, N Tomera, K Gleason, D Fotheringham, N Campion, M Garnick, MB AF McLeod, D Zinner, N Tomera, K Gleason, D Fotheringham, N Campion, M Garnick, MB CA Abarelix Study Grp TI A phase 3, multicenter, open-label, randomized study of abarelix versus leuprolide acetate in men with prostate cancer SO UROLOGY LA English DT Article ID FOLLICLE-STIMULATING-HORMONE AB Objectives. To evaluate the levels of testosterone and other hormones in men with prostate cancer treated with abarelix versus leuprolide acetate. Methods. Patients (n = 269) were randomized to receive open-label abarelix 100 mg or leuprolide acetate 7.5 mg by intramuscular injection. The results of the first 84 days of the study are reported. The primary efficacy endpoints included avoidance of testosterone surge, castration on day 8, and achievement and maintenance of castration from days 29 through 85. The secondary endpoints included castration on days 2, 4, and 15; a reduction in prostate-specific antigen level; and measurements of other hormones. Patients were monitored for clinical adverse events and laboratory abnormalities. Results. No men in the abarelix group and 82% of men in the leuprolide acetate group experienced a testosterone surge (P < 0.001). Abarelix caused rapid medical castration: 24% of men 1 day after treatment and 78% after 7 days compared with 0% of men treated with leuprolide acetate on either day. A comparable percentage of men achieved and maintained castration between days 29 and 85 in each group. Prostate-specific antigen had a statistically significant decrease for the first month in patients treated with abarelix. Dihydrotestosterone, luteinizing hormone, prostate-specific antigen, and follicle-stimulating hormone showed similar rapid reductions without an initial increase. The overall occurrence of adverse events was similar across the treatment groups, and most were sequelae of comorbid disorders. Conclusions. Treatment with abarelix produced a higher percentage of patients who avoided a testosterone surge and had a more rapid time to testosterone suppression with a higher rate of medical castration I day after treatment and greater reductions in testosterone, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and dihydrotestosterone during the first 2 weeks of treatment compared with leuprolide acetate. The achievement and maintenance of castration was comparable between the two groups. (C) 2001, Elsevier Science Inc. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Doctors Urol Grp, Torrance, CA USA. Alaska Urol Associates, Anchorage, AK USA. Urol Associates So Arizona, Tucson, AZ USA. Amgen Inc, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320 USA. Praecis Pharmaceut Inc, Waltham, MA USA. RP McLeod, D (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, 6825 Georgia Ave,NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 5 TC 95 Z9 98 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0090-4295 J9 UROLOGY JI UROLOGY PD NOV PY 2001 VL 58 IS 5 BP 756 EP 761 DI 10.1016/S0090-4295(01)01342-5 PG 6 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 495GC UT WOS:000172331000028 PM 11711355 ER PT J AU Jacobs, JWG Geenen, R AF Jacobs, JWG Geenen, R TI Are antidepressant drugs efficacious in the treatment of fibromyalgia? Commentary SO WESTERN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Jacobs, JWG (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, 6900 Georgia Ave, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RI Geenen, Rinie/G-3408-2012 NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU B M J PUBLISHING INC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 221 MAIN ST, PO BOX 7690, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94120-7690 USA SN 0093-0415 J9 WESTERN J MED JI West. J. Med. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 175 IS 5 BP 314 EP 314 DI 10.1136/ewjm.175.5.314-a PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 486WX UT WOS:000171840900015 PM 11694476 ER PT J AU O'Malley, PG Balden, E Tomkins, G Santoro, J Kroenke, K Jackson, JL AF O'Malley, PG Balden, E Tomkins, G Santoro, J Kroenke, K Jackson, JL TI Are antidepressant drugs efficacious in the treatment of fibromyalgia? SO WESTERN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP O'Malley, PG (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, 6900 Georgia Ave, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU B M J PUBLISHING INC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 221 MAIN ST, PO BOX 7690, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94120-7690 USA SN 0093-0415 J9 WESTERN J MED JI West. J. Med. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 175 IS 5 BP 314 EP 314 DI 10.1136/ewjm.175.5.314 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 486WX UT WOS:000171840900014 ER PT J AU Meyers, MA Nesterenko, VF LaSalvia, JC Xue, Q AF Meyers, MA Nesterenko, VF LaSalvia, JC Xue, Q TI Shear localization in dynamic deformation of materials: microstructural evolution and self-organization SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE dynamic deformation; plastic deformation; crystalline solids ID STRAIN-RATE DEFORMATION; CONTINUUM ELASTOPLASTIC BEHAVIOR; TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; PLASTIC-DEFORMATION; BAND FORMATION; STOCHASTIC-MODEL; SILICON-CARBIDE; GRAIN-GROWTH; RECRYSTALLIZATION; TANTALUM AB The plastic deformation of crystalline and non-crystalline solids incorporates microscopically localized deformation modes that can be precursors to shear localization. Shear localization has been found to be an important and sometimes dominant deformation and fracture mode in metals, fractured and granular ceramics. polymers, and metallic glasses at high strains and strain rates. Experiments involving the collapse of a thick walled cylinder enable controlled and reproducible application of plastic deformation at very high strain rates to specimens. These experiments were supplemented by hat-shaped specimens tested in a compression Hopkinson bar. The initiation and propagation of shear bands has been studied in metals (Ti, Ta, Ti-6Al-4V, and stainless steel), granular and prefractured ceramics (Al(2)O(3) and SiQ, a polymer (teflon) and a metallic glass (Co(58)Ni(10)Fe(5)Si(11)B(16)). The first aspect that was investigated is the microstructural evolution inside the shear bands. A fine recrystallized structure is observed in Ti. Cu, Al-Li, and Ta. and it is becoming clear that a recrystallization mechanism is operating. The fast deformation and short cooling times inhibit grain-boundary migration; it is shown, for the first time, that a rotational mechanism, presented in terms of dislocation energetics and grain-boundary reorientation, can operate within the time of the deformation process. In pre-fractured and granular ceramics, a process of comminution takes place when the particles are ggeater than a critical size a(e). When they are smaller than a(e), particle deformation takes place. For the granular SiC, a novel mechanism of shear-induced bonding was experimentally identified inside the shear bands. For all materials, shear bands exhibit a clear self-organization, with a characteristic spacing that is a function of a number of parameters. This self-organization is analyzed in terms of fundamental material parameters in the frame of Grady-Kipp (momentum diffusion), Wright-Ockendon, and Molinari (perturbation) models. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Meyers, MA (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Mail Code 0411,9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM mameyers@mae.ucsd.edu RI Meyers, Marc/A-2970-2016 OI Meyers, Marc/0000-0003-1698-5396 NR 74 TC 158 Z9 169 U1 15 U2 96 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD OCT 31 PY 2001 VL 317 IS 1-2 SI SI BP 204 EP 225 DI 10.1016/S0921-5093(01)01160-1 PG 22 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 477ED UT WOS:000171269400030 ER PT J AU Hoffmann, SC Stanley, EM Cox, ED Craighead, N DiMercurio, BS Koziol, DE Harlan, DM Kirk, AD Blair, PJ AF Hoffmann, SC Stanley, EM Cox, ED Craighead, N DiMercurio, BS Koziol, DE Harlan, DM Kirk, AD Blair, PJ TI Association of cytokine polymorphic inheritance and in vitro cytokine production in anti-CD3/CD28-stimulated peripheral blood lymphocytes SO TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article ID NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; JUVENILE CHRONIC ARTHRITIS; CD4(+) T-CELLS; TNF-ALPHA; RENAL-TRANSPLANTATION; MONONUCLEAR-CELLS; PROMOTER POLYMORPHISM; INDUCED APOPTOSIS; GENE PROMOTER; IL-2 GENE AB Background. Genetic variations in cytokine genes are thought to regulate cytokine protein production. However, studies using T cell mitogens have not always demonstrated a significant relationship between cytokine polymorphisms and in vitro protein production. Furthermore, the functional consequence of a polymorphism at position -330 in the IL-2 gene has not been described. We associated in vitro protein production with cytokine gene polymorphic genotypes after costimulation of cultured peripheral blood lymphocytes. Methods. PBL were isolated from forty healthy volunteers. Cytokine protein production was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Polymorphisms in interleukin- (IL) 2, IL-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha), tumor growth factor (TGF-beta), and interferon (IFN-gamma) were determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results. Statistical difference between protein production and cytokine polymorphic variants in the IL-10, IFN-gamma, and TNF-alpha genes was not evident after 48-hour stimulation with concanavalin-A. In contrast, after anti-CD3/CD28 stimulation significant differences (P <0.05) were found among high and low producers for IL-2, IL-6, and among high, intermediate, and low producers for IFN-gamma, and IL-10. Augmented levels of IL-2 in individuals that were homozygous for the polymorphic IL-2 allele were due to an early and sustained enhancement of IL-2 production. No association was found among TNF-alpha and TGF-beta genotypes and protein production. Conclusion. Polymorphisms in IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, and IFN-gamma genes are associated with their protein production after anti-CD3/CD28 stimulation. The profound effect of the IL-2 gene polymorphism in homozygous individuals may serve as a marker for those that could mount the most vigorous allo- or autoimmune responses, or perhaps become tolerant more easily. C1 Natl Naval Med Res Inst, NIDDK, Navy Transplantat & Autoimmun Branch, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NIH, Warren Grant Magnuson Clin Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. RP Blair, PJ (reprint author), Natl Naval Med Res Inst, NIDDK, Navy Transplantat & Autoimmun Branch, Bldg 46,Rm 2421,8901 Wisconsin Ave, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. RI Kirk, Allan/B-6905-2012 NR 49 TC 250 Z9 266 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0041-1337 J9 TRANSPLANTATION JI Transplantation PD OCT 27 PY 2001 VL 72 IS 8 BP 1444 EP 1450 DI 10.1097/00007890-200110270-00019 PG 7 WC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation SC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation GA 488QV UT WOS:000171947900019 PM 11685118 ER PT J AU Groenewold, GS Scott, JR Gianotto, AK Hodges, BDM Kessinger, GF Benson, MT Wright, JB AF Groenewold, GS Scott, JR Gianotto, AK Hodges, BDM Kessinger, GF Benson, MT Wright, JB TI Gas-phase condensation reactions of SixOyHz- oxyanions with H2O SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID ION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; CLUSTERS; NITRATE; SILICA; SOIL AB Water was reacted with gas-phase oxyanions having the general composition SixOyHz- that were formed and isolated in an ion trap-secondary ion mass spectrometer (IT-SIMS). The radical SiO2.- reacted slowly with H2O to abstract HO., forming SiO3H-, at a rate of 8 x 10(-13) cm(3) molecule(-1) s(-1), corresponding to an efficiency of about 0.03% compared with the theoretical collision rate constant (average dipole orientation). The product ion SiO3H- underwent a consecutive condensation reaction with H2O to form SiO4H3- at a rate that was approximately 0.4-0.7% efficient. SiO4H3- did not undergo further reaction with water. The multiple reaction pathways by which radical SiO3.- reacted with H2O were kinetically modeled using a stochastic approach. SiO3.- reacted with water by three parallel reaction pathways: (1) abstraction of a radical H-. to form SiO3H-, which then reacted with a second H2O to form SiO4H3-; (2) abstraction of a radical OH. to form SiO4H-, which further reacted by consecutive H-. abstractions to form SiO4H2.- and then SiO4H3-; and (3) condensation with H2O to form SiO4H2.-, which subsequently abstracted a radical H-. from a second H2O to form SiO4H3-. In all of these reactions, the rate constants were determined to be very slow, as determined by both direct measurement and stochastic modeling. For comparison, the even electron ion Si2O5H- was also investigated: it underwent condensation with H2O to form Si2O6H3-, with a rate constant corresponding to 50% efficiency. The reactions were also modeled using ab initio calculations at the UB3LYP/6-311 + G(2d,p) level. Addition of H2O to SiO3.-, SiO3H-, and Si2O5H- was calculated to be approximately 42, 45, and 55 kcal mol(-1) exothermic, respectively, and encountered low activation barriers. Modeling Of SiO2.- and SiO3.- reactions with H2O failed to produce radical abstraction reaction pathways observed in the IT-SIMS, possibly indicating that alternative reaction mechanisms are operative. C1 Idaho Natl Engn Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. USA, Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Groenewold, GS (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RI Scott, Jill/G-7275-2012; Benson, Michael/B-8855-2017 OI Benson, Michael/0000-0003-4927-614X NR 34 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD OCT 25 PY 2001 VL 105 IS 42 BP 9681 EP 9688 DI 10.1021/jp010905e PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 486EG UT WOS:000171805000009 ER PT J AU O'Malley, PG Greenberg, BA Taylor, AJ AF O'Malley, PG Greenberg, BA Taylor, AJ TI What is the marginal cost of scanning for coronary calcium? A decision analysis of screening EBCT's downstream costs SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD OCT 23 PY 2001 VL 104 IS 17 SU S MA 2219 BP 468 EP 468 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 487UW UT WOS:000171895002201 ER PT J AU Vernalis, MN Ocuin, E Remaley, AT Scally, JP Walizer, E Sampson, M Arthur, C Runner, J Northrup, G Taylor, AJ AF Vernalis, MN Ocuin, E Remaley, AT Scally, JP Walizer, E Sampson, M Arthur, C Runner, J Northrup, G Taylor, AJ TI Do lifestyle changes negate the adverse effect of ultra-low fat diets on HDL cholesterol and apoprotein A-I? The Ornish diet and lifestyle modification program SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NIH, NHLBI, Bethesda, MD USA. NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD OCT 23 PY 2001 VL 104 IS 17 SU S MA 2218 BP 468 EP 468 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 487UW UT WOS:000171895002200 ER PT J AU Shry, EA Van de Graaff, E Frederick, PD Every, N Littrell, K Cheeks, M Steinhubl, SR AF Shry, EA Van de Graaff, E Frederick, PD Every, N Littrell, K Cheeks, M Steinhubl, SR TI Risk factors for in-hospital non-hemorrhagic cerebrovascular accident with acute myocardial infarction: An analysis of 537,444 patients from the NRMI 3 database. SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. Ovat Res Grp, Highland Pk, IL USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD OCT 23 PY 2001 VL 104 IS 17 SU S MA 2293 BP 484 EP 484 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 487UW UT WOS:000171895002275 ER PT J AU Elgin, E Taylor, AJ Feuerstein, I O'Malley, PG AF Elgin, E Taylor, AJ Feuerstein, I O'Malley, PG TI The frequency and severity of EBCT "incidentalomas": Implications for coronary calcium screening SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD OCT 23 PY 2001 VL 104 IS 17 SU S MA 2536 BP 536 EP 536 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 487UW UT WOS:000171895002517 ER PT J AU Taylor, AJ Carrow, J Bell, D Bindeman, J Watkins, T Lehmann, T Bhattarai, S Wong, H O'Malley, PG AF Taylor, AJ Carrow, J Bell, D Bindeman, J Watkins, T Lehmann, T Bhattarai, S Wong, H O'Malley, PG TI Validation of the MEDFICTS dietary questionnaire: A clinical tool to assess adherence to American Heart Association dietary fat intake guidelines SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD OCT 23 PY 2001 VL 104 IS 17 SU S MA 3031 BP 641 EP 641 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 487UW UT WOS:000171895003007 ER PT J AU Shi, CM DeSimone, JM Kiserow, DJ Roberts, GW AF Shi, CM DeSimone, JM Kiserow, DJ Roberts, GW TI Reaction kinetics of the solid-state polymerization of poly(bisphenol a carbonate) facilitated by supercritical carbon dioxide SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID CO2 SORPTION; GLASS-TRANSITION; POLY(ETHYLENE-TEREPHTHALATE); POLYCARBONATE; CRYSTALLIZATION; POLYCONDENSATION; PHASE; GAS; BISPHENOL; MECHANISM AB The kinetics of solid-state polymerization (SSP) of poly(bisphenol A carbonate) was investigated with supercritical CO2 (scCO(2)) as the sweep fluid. The CO2 flow rate and polymer particle size were chosen to ensure that the kinetics was controlled by the rate of the forward transesterification reaction, i.e., so that both external and internal phenol diffusion limitations were negligible. The forward reaction rate constants were determined between 90 and 135 degreesC, at CO2 pressures of 138, 207, and 345 bar. At a given temperature, the reaction rate was higher with scCO(2) as the sweep fluid than with N-2, especially at lower temperatures. The rate constant for the forward transesterification reaction increased with increasing CO2 pressure up to about 207 bar, at which point the rate constant was no longer sensitive to CO2 pressure. The activation energy decreased from 23.9 kcal/mol in N-2 to 15.5, 11.6, and 11.4 kcal/ mol at CO2 pressures of 138, 207, and 345 bar, respectively. The effect of scCO(2) on the rate of polymerization can be understood in terms of the solubility of CO2 in the polymer. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Univ N Carolina, Dept Chem, Venable & Kenan Labs, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. USA, Res Off, Div Chem Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Kiserow, DJ (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Box 7905, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. NR 31 TC 34 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD OCT 23 PY 2001 VL 34 IS 22 BP 7744 EP 7750 DI 10.1021/ma011068h PG 7 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 484TP UT WOS:000171705900030 ER PT J AU Mehlotra, RK Fujioka, H Roepe, PD Janneh, O Ursos, LMB Jacobs-Lorena, V McNamara, DT Bockarie, MJ Kazura, JW Kyle, DE Fidock, DA Zimmerman, PA AF Mehlotra, RK Fujioka, H Roepe, PD Janneh, O Ursos, LMB Jacobs-Lorena, V McNamara, DT Bockarie, MJ Kazura, JW Kyle, DE Fidock, DA Zimmerman, PA TI Evolution of a unique Plasmodium falciparum chloroquine-resistance phenotype in association with pfcrt polymorphism in Papua New Guinea and South America SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID DIGESTIVE VACUOLAR PH; EAST SEPIK PROVINCE; MALARIA PARASITES; DRUG-RESISTANCE; VACCINE TRIALS; RURAL MALAWI; BIRTH-WEIGHT; WOSERA AREA; WEST-AFRICA; GENE AB The mechanistic basis for chloroquine resistance (CQR) in Plasmodium falciparum recently has been linked to the polymorphic gene pfcrt. Alleles associated with CQR in natural parasite isolates harbor threonine (T), as opposed to lysine (K) at amino acid 76. A falciparum CQR strains of African and Southeast Asian origin carry pfcrt alleles encoding an amino acid haplotype of CVIET (residues 72-76), whereas most South American CQR strains studied carry an allele encoding an SVMNT haplotype, chloroquine-sensitive strains from malarious regions around the world carry a CVMNK haplotype. Upon investigating the origin of pfcrt alleles in Papua New Guinean (PNG) A falciparum we found either the chloroquine-sensitive-associated CVMNK or CQR-associated SVMNT haplotypes previously seen in Brazilian isolates. Remarkably we did not find the CVIET haplotype observed in CQR strains from Southeast Asian regions more proximal to PNG. Further we found a previously undescribed CQR phenotype to be associated with the SVMNT haplotype from PNG and South America. This CQR phenotype is significantly less responsive to verapamil chemosensitization compared with the effect associated with the CVIET haplotype. Consistent with this, we observed that verapamil treatment of A falciparum isolates carrying pfcrt SVMNT is associated with an attenuated increase in digestive vacuole pH relative to CVIET pfcrt-carrying isolates. These data suggest a key role for pH-dependent changes in hematin receptor concentration in the A falciparum CQR mechanism. Our findings also suggest that A falciparum CQR has arisen through multiple evolutionary pathways associated with pfcrt K76T. C1 Case Western Reserve Univ, Univ Hosp Cleveland, Sch Med, Div Geog Med, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, Univ Hosp Cleveland, Sch Med, Inst Pathol, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. Georgetown Univ, Vincent T Lombardi Canc Res Ctr, Dept Chem & Biochem, Washington, DC 20057 USA. Georgetown Univ, Vincent T Lombardi Canc Res Ctr, Dept Mol Biol, Washington, DC 20057 USA. Georgetown Univ, Vincent T Lombardi Canc Res Ctr, Program Tumor Biol, Washington, DC 20057 USA. Inst Med Res, Madang 511, Papua N Guinea. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Yeshiva Univ Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Microbiol, Bronx, NY 10461 USA. Yeshiva Univ Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Immunol, Bronx, NY 10461 USA. RP Fidock, DA (reprint author), Case Western Reserve Univ, Univ Hosp Cleveland, Sch Med, Div Geog Med, W147D,2109 Adelbert Rd, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. OI Fidock, David/0000-0001-6753-8938 FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI 45957-01, AI-36478-04S1, R01 AI036478, R01 AI045957, R01 AI050234] NR 58 TC 130 Z9 138 U1 0 U2 10 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD OCT 23 PY 2001 VL 98 IS 22 BP 12689 EP 12694 DI 10.1073/pnas.221440898 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 486EU UT WOS:000171806100072 PM 11675500 ER PT J AU Ptak, AJ Holbert, LJ Ting, L Swartz, CH Moldovan, M Giles, NC Myers, TH Van Lierde, P Tian, C Hockett, RA Mitha, S Wickenden, AE Koleske, DD Henry, RL AF Ptak, AJ Holbert, LJ Ting, L Swartz, CH Moldovan, M Giles, NC Myers, TH Van Lierde, P Tian, C Hockett, RA Mitha, S Wickenden, AE Koleske, DD Henry, RL TI Controlled oxygen doping of GaN using plasma assisted molecular-beam epitaxy SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FILMS; GROWTH AB High-quality (0001) and (000 (1) over bar)-GaN films were grown by plasma-assisted molecular-beam epitaxy to study the dependence of oxygen incorporation on polarity and oxygen partial pressure. Oxygen incorporates at a rate ten times faster on nitrogen-polar GaN than on the Ga polarity. Oxygen doping is controllable, reproducible, and produces low compensation material up to concentrations of at least 10(18) cm(-3) with higher levels showing significant compensation. Layers containing oxygen at levels above 10(22) cm(-3) exhibit severe cracking while oxygen concentrations less than 10(21) cm(-3) do not introduce significant strain. The oxygen incorporation rate has a weak dependence on Ga overpressure during Ga-stable growth but dramatically increases for conditions approaching N-stable growth. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 W Virginia Univ, Dept Phys, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. Charles Evans & Associates, Evans Analyt Grp, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 USA. USN, Lab Adv Mat Synth, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. USA, Res Lab, AMSRL SE RL, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Ptak, AJ (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, Dept Phys, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. RI Myers, Thomas/C-3769-2013 NR 11 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 3 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD OCT 22 PY 2001 VL 79 IS 17 BP 2740 EP 2742 DI 10.1063/1.1403276 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 482UD UT WOS:000171594400021 ER PT J AU Schilling, BW Templeton, GC AF Schilling, BW Templeton, GC TI Three-dimensional remote sensing by optical scanning holography SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID SPATIAL LIGHT-MODULATOR; MICROSCOPY; RESOLUTION AB A technique is presented by which holograms can be recorded when an object or scene is scanned with an optically heterodyned Fresnel zone pattern. The experimental setup, based on optical scanning holography, is described and experimental results are presented. We apply the scanning holography technique to three-dimensional reflective objects for the first time to our knowledge and address the unique requirements for such a system. We discuss holographic recording and numerical image reconstruction using a system point-spread function (PSF) approach. We demonstrate numerical image reconstruction of experimentally recorded holograms by two techniques: deconvolution with a simulated PSF and an experimentally acquired PSF. C1 USA, Commun Elect Command, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Schilling, BW (reprint author), USA, Commun Elect Command, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, 10221 Burbeck Rd,Suite 430, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. EM bradley.schilling@nvl.army.mil NR 16 TC 14 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 2 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD OCT 20 PY 2001 VL 40 IS 30 BP 5474 EP 5481 DI 10.1364/AO.40.005474 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA 483BL UT WOS:000171613800024 PM 18364831 ER PT J AU Hill, SC Videen, G Sun, WB Fu, Q AF Hill, SC Videen, G Sun, WB Fu, Q TI Scattering and internal fields of a microsphere that contains a saturable absorber: finite-difference time-domain simulations SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID PERFECTLY MATCHED LAYER; LIGHT-SCATTERING; DIELECTRIC PARTICLES; INTRINSIC FLUORESCENCE; BIOLOGICAL PARTICLES; MAXWELLS EQUATIONS; DEFORMED DROPLETS; MEDIA; APPROXIMATION; ABSORPTION AB Illumination intensities that are used to induce scattering and fluorescence in aerosols can be large enough to cause variations in the refractive index. Methods used to calculate the scattering from homogeneous particles may not be valid for these systems. We use the finite-difference time-domain method and an iterative technique to model scattering by microspheres that contain a saturable absorber. We illustrate this technique by calculating the scattering from spheres that contain tryptophan. We show the Mueller scattering matrices along with the internal intensity distributions for different incident intensities. The backscattering increases as the illumination intensity becomes large enough to saturate the absorption in regions of the sphere. (C) 2001 Optical Society of America. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Dalhousie Univ, Dept Oceanog, Atmospher Sci Program, Halifax, NS B3H 451, Canada. Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Hill, SC (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM shill@arl.army.mil NR 35 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 2 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD OCT 20 PY 2001 VL 40 IS 30 BP 5487 EP 5494 DI 10.1364/AO.40.005487 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA 483BL UT WOS:000171613800026 PM 18364833 ER PT J AU Carr, JK Avila, M Carrillo, MG Salomon, H Hierholzer, J Watanaveeradej, V Pando, MA Negrete, M Russell, KL Sanchez, J Birx, DL Andrade, R Vinoles, J McCutchan, FE AF Carr, JK Avila, M Carrillo, MG Salomon, H Hierholzer, J Watanaveeradej, V Pando, MA Negrete, M Russell, KL Sanchez, J Birx, DL Andrade, R Vinoles, J McCutchan, FE TI Diverse BF recombinants have spread widely since the introduction of HIV-1 into South America SO AIDS LA English DT Article DE BF recombinants; circulating recombinant forms; molecular epidemiology; South America ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; SUBTYPE-A; TYPE-1; THAILAND AB Objective: To describe the genetic diversity of HIV-1 in South America by full genome sequencing and analysis. Methods: Purified peripheral blood mononuclear cell DNA from HIV-infected individuals in Argentina, Uruguay and Bolivia was used to amplify full HIV-1 genomes. These were sequenced using the ABI 3100 automated sequencer and phylogenetically analysed. Results: Twenty-one HIV-1 strains from three South American countries, 17 of which were pre-screened by envelope heteroduplex mobility assay (HMA), were studied. Ten out of 10 HMA subtype F and four out of seven HMA subtype B strains were actually BF recombinants upon full genome analysis. Two BF recombinants from Argentina and two from Uruguay had the same structure, representing a new circulating recombinant form termed CRF12_BFARMA159, Twelve other BF recombinants had structures related to CRF12 but with additional segments of subtype B; each was unique. BF recombinants were temporally and geographically widespread, found as early as 1986-1987 in vertically infected Argentinian children and in Argentina, Uruguay, and Bolivia. (C) 2001 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. C1 Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Natl Reference Ctr AIDS, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. US Naval Med Res Ctr Detachment, Lima, Peru. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, Rockville, MD USA. INLASA, La Paz, Bolivia. Programa Nacl SIDA, Montevideo, Uruguay. RP Carr, JK (reprint author), Henry M Jackson Fdn, 1 Taft Court,Suite 250, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. NR 21 TC 105 Z9 107 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0269-9370 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD OCT 19 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 15 BP F41 EP F47 DI 10.1097/00002030-200110190-00002 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 485TJ UT WOS:000171779700002 PM 11600844 ER PT J AU Simonian, AL Efremenko, EN Wild, JR AF Simonian, AL Efremenko, EN Wild, JR TI Discriminative detection of neurotoxins in multi-component samples SO ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE biosensor; discriminative detection; acetylcholinesterase inhibitors; organophosphate hydrolase; paraoxon; diisopropyl fluorophosphate; carbaryl; coumaphos ID ELECTROCHEMICAL BIOSENSOR; ORGANOPHOSPHORUS; INSECTICIDES; PESTICIDES; CHOLINE AB In order to develop anew strategy for the detection and discrimination of neurotoxins, the competing anti-acetylcholinesterase activities of mixtures of different neurotoxins were investigated. The combined inhibition effects in mixtures of organophosphates and carbamates (such as paraoxon/carbaryl, diisopropyl fluorophosphate (DFP)/carbaryl, paraoxon/DFP/carbaryl) were different than what was expected from additive effects of single neurotoxins. Mutual interactions of various neurotoxins did lead to competition for acetylcholinesterase (AChE) binding sites, and the overall inhibition effects were not additive but dependent on the types of chemicals present. It was possible to separate the effects of different inhibitors, using a combined recognition/discrimination strategy based on the joint action of acetylcholinesterase and organophosphate hydrolase enzymes. The detection ranges of these integrated biosensors were 10(-9) to 10(-5) M for paraoxon or DFP and 5 x 10(-8) to I X 10(-5) M for carbaryl. In addition, it was possible to detect carbaryl concentrations as low as 5 x 10(-8) M in mixed samples at concentrations Up to 10(-5) M of paraoxon and DFP. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Simonian, AL (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RI Efremenko, Elena/E-8386-2014 OI Efremenko, Elena/0000-0002-6992-854X NR 18 TC 34 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0003-2670 J9 ANAL CHIM ACTA JI Anal. Chim. Acta PD OCT 18 PY 2001 VL 444 IS 2 BP 179 EP 186 DI 10.1016/S0003-2670(01)01099-6 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 483XU UT WOS:000171661800001 ER PT J AU Sorescu, DC Rice, BM Thompson, DL AF Sorescu, DC Rice, BM Thompson, DL TI Molecular dynamics simulations of liquid nitromethane SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID SOLID NITROMETHANE; NITRAMINE CRYSTALS; PACKING; RDX; TRANSFERABILITY; WATER; HMX AB A classical potential consisting of both intramolecular and intermolecular (Buckingham and Coulombic) terms that was developed for the simulation of crystalline nitromethane has been used to investigate the dynamics of liquid nitromethane at various temperatures and pressures. The validation of the proposed potential model was done for a large number of static and dynamic properties including the heat of vaporization, the variation of density with temperature and pressure, the thermal expansion coefficient, the self-diffusion coefficients, the viscosity coefficient, the dielectric constant, the bulk modulus, and the variation of vibrational frequencies with pressure. The analyses performed using constant pressure and temperature and constant volume and temperature molecular dynamics simulations show that the potential accurately reproduces the structural properties of liquid nitromethane at ambient pressure in the temperature range 260-374 K as well as the compression effects up to 14.2 GPa. C1 Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Chem, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Sorescu, DC (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Chem, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. NR 41 TC 51 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD OCT 18 PY 2001 VL 105 IS 41 BP 9336 EP 9346 DI 10.1021/jp0122530 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 483BX UT WOS:000171614800003 ER PT J AU Mironenko, MV Boitnott, GE Grant, SA Sletten, RS AF Mironenko, MV Boitnott, GE Grant, SA Sletten, RS TI Experimental determination of the volumetric properties of NaCl solutions to 253 K SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Letter ID THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES; SYSTEM AB The densities of 0.00858-6.0141 mol(.)kg(-1) NaCl solutions were determined between 253 and 293 K with a capillary-tube densitometer. Among the data were the first density determinations of supercooled NaCl solutions. The greatest inaccuracy of the measured densities for the entire data set was 200 mug(.)cm(-3). Our densities were close to those calculated with the equation of state for the NaCl-H2O system of Archer. Apparent molal volumes of NaCl(aq) were calculated and fitted to the Pitzer equations, yielding estimated apparent molal volumes at infinite dilution and Pitzer volumetric parameters to 258 K. The values of these parameters from 273 to 298 K were in good agreement with the data of Rogers and Pitzer. From our experimental data we were able to calculate densities of very dilute to saturated sodium chloride solutions at temperatures down to 258 K. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. VI Vernadskii Inst Geochem & Analyt Chem, Moscow 117975, Russia. Univ Washington, Quaternary Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Grant, SA (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 9 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5647 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD OCT 18 PY 2001 VL 105 IS 41 BP 9909 EP 9912 DI 10.1021/jp011356f PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 483BY UT WOS:000171614900001 ER PT J AU Yu, J Oragui, EE Stephens, A Kroll, JS Venkatesan, MM AF Yu, J Oragui, EE Stephens, A Kroll, JS Venkatesan, MM TI Inactivation of DsbA alters the behaviour of Shigella flexneri towards murine and human-derived macrophage-like cells SO FEMS MICROBIOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE DsbA; macrophage; Shigella flexneri ID INDUCED APOPTOSIS; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; CASPASE-1; PROTRUSIONS; VIRULENCE; VACUOLES; SPREAD; ESCAPE; GENE; IPAB AB The mutants of Shigella flexneri, Sh4 (dsbA::kan) and Sh42 (dsbA33G), behave differently towards murine and human-derived macrophage-like cells in vitro. Sh4 was trapped in the phagocytic. vacuoles of the murine J774 cells as evidenced by its colony forming units plus and minus chloroquine exposure in a gentamicin protection assay, and by light and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Sh42, similar to the wild-type M90TS, was able to escape from the vacuoles and kill host cells presumably by inducing apoptosis. In U937 cells, unlike M90TS that was free in the cytosol, both Sh4 and Sh42 grew poorly. TEM revealed that Sh4 and Sh42 were trapped within the U937 phagocytic vacuoles. Furthermore, the two mutants induced different patterns of interleukin-1 beta and tumour necrosis factor-alpha expression, which might explain why they possess different immunogenic properties in vivo. (C) 2001 Federation of European Microbiological Societies. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Fac Med, Dept Paediat, Mol Infect Dis Grp, London W2 1PG, England. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Enter Infect, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Yu, J (reprint author), Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Fac Med, Dept Paediat, Mol Infect Dis Grp, St Marys Campus, London W2 1PG, England. NR 24 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1097 J9 FEMS MICROBIOL LETT JI FEMS Microbiol. Lett. PD OCT 16 PY 2001 VL 204 IS 1 BP 81 EP 88 DI 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2001.tb10867.x PG 8 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 489QV UT WOS:000172003700015 PM 11682183 ER PT J AU Komirenko, SM Kim, KW Demidenko, AA Kochelap, VA Stroscio, MA AF Komirenko, SM Kim, KW Demidenko, AA Kochelap, VA Stroscio, MA TI Amplification of transverse acoustic phonons in quantum well heterostructures with piezoelectric interaction SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID COHERENT PHONONS; CONDENSED MEDIA; GENERATION AB We have analyzed amplification of transverse phonons confined in quantum well (QW) heterostructures through piezoelectric electron-phonon interaction with drifting electrons. It was found that this mechanism of interaction couples the low-dimensional electrons and the shear-horizontal (SH) confined phonons. We have studied the electrostatic potential accompanying the SH waves and found that efficient interaction can be achieved for the lowest antisymmetric SH phonon branch in a narrow band of phonon frequencies. For AlGaAs QWs the amplification coefficient was calculated to be on the order of 100 cm(-1) in the sub-THz phonon frequency range. These results suggest an electrical method for coherent phonon generation in the technologically well-developed AlGaAs QW heterostructures. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, Inst Semicond Phys, Dept Theoret Phys, UA-252650 Kiev, Ukraine. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP N Carolina State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM kwk@eos.nesu.edu NR 18 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD OCT 15 PY 2001 VL 90 IS 8 BP 3934 EP 3941 DI 10.1063/1.1402145 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 482EP UT WOS:000171562100038 ER PT J AU Gruber, JB Sardar, DK Merkle, LD Zandi, B Jarman, R Hutchinson, JA AF Gruber, JB Sardar, DK Merkle, LD Zandi, B Jarman, R Hutchinson, JA TI Spectroscopic properties of CaF2 : U4+ as a saturable absorber SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID Q-SWITCH; MU-M; CALCIUM-FLUORIDE; ENERGY-LEVELS; URANIUM IONS; GLASS LASER; SPECTRA AB The spectroscopic properties of crystals of CaF2:U4+ have been examined in light of recent interest expressed for this material as a saturable absorber in the passive Q switching of near infrared solid state lasers. The detailed crystal-field splitting of the energy levels Of U4+(5f(2)) is analyzed for the ion in different charge-compensated sites. Identification of the site is based on laser excited site-selective spectroscopic studies reported earlier. Experimental Stark levels are compared with calculated levels based on lattice-sum models that include charge compensation in the lattice structure. The final set of atomic parameters for U4+ is in good agreement with values reported for the ion in UF4. The predicted non-Kramers' doublet as the ground-state Stark level for U4+ in C-3V sites is in agreement with the spectroscopic analysis and with results reported earlier from electron spin-resonance studies of CaF2:U4+. Using pump-probe methods, we have investigated excited state absorption (ESA) at 1.54 mum. Consistent with the interpretation of the absorption spectra, we find that the measured ESA is quite small in these crystals. In turn, we use this conclusion to model CaF2:U4+ as a passive Q switch, with good results. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 San Jose State Univ, Dept Phys, San Jose, CA 95192 USA. Univ Texas, Dept Earth & Phys Sci, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA. Univ Houston Downtown, Dept Nat Sci, Houston, TX 77002 USA. Army Res Lab, Adelphi Lab Ctr, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Spectragen Inc, Des Plaines, IL 60018 USA. Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Gruber, JB (reprint author), San Jose State Univ, Dept Phys, San Jose, CA 95192 USA. NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD OCT 15 PY 2001 VL 90 IS 8 BP 3965 EP 3972 DI 10.1063/1.1396833 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 482EP UT WOS:000171562100042 ER PT J AU Burgess, EB AF Burgess, EB TI Desperate hours: The epic rescue of Andrea Doria. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Burgess, EB (reprint author), USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD OCT 15 PY 2001 VL 126 IS 17 BP 91 EP 91 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 484GU UT WOS:000171682500132 ER PT J AU Ong, KK Jenkins, AL Cheng, R Tomalia, DA Durst, HD Jensen, JL Emanuel, PA Swim, CR Yin, R AF Ong, KK Jenkins, AL Cheng, R Tomalia, DA Durst, HD Jensen, JL Emanuel, PA Swim, CR Yin, R TI Dendrimer enhanced immunosensors for biological detection SO ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 219th American-Chemical-Society National Meeting CY MAR 29-30, 2000 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA SP Amer Chem Soc DE fluorescence microscopy; dendrimer; antibody-antigen reactions; bioconjugates AB Dendrimers are highly branched, tree-like polymers that possess precise size and shape, as well as surface groups. Among them, polyamidoamine dendrimers, are the most widely studied, water-soluble/biocompatable dendritic macromolecules. Such dendrimers have exploited for interesting applications in immunodiagnostics, magnetic resonance imaging, gene therapy, and drug delivery. In this paper, a new signal amplification strategy using dendrimers will be introduced. While only one fluorescein group can be linked onto an antibody molecule, a large number of fluorophores can be attached to an antibody through a dendrimer linker molecule, thus forming a water-soluble fluorescein-dendrimer-antibody bioconjugate. Upon addition of the antigen, enhanced fluorescence signals are obtained when compared with the corresponding fluorescein-antibody analogs. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 USA, Soldier Biol Chem Command, AMSSB, RRT, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. USA, Res Lab, Div Mat, AMSRL,WM, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Michigan Mol Inst, Midland, MI 48640 USA. RP Ong, KK (reprint author), USA, Soldier Biol Chem Command, AMSSB, RRT, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 8 TC 52 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0003-2670 J9 ANAL CHIM ACTA JI Anal. Chim. Acta PD OCT 12 PY 2001 VL 444 IS 1 BP 143 EP 148 DI 10.1016/S0003-2670(01)01160-6 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 482RG UT WOS:000171588600015 ER PT J AU Aguiar, JC Hedstrom, RC Rogers, WO Charoenvit, Y Sacci, JB Lanar, DE Majam, VF Stout, RR Hoffman, SL AF Aguiar, JC Hedstrom, RC Rogers, WO Charoenvit, Y Sacci, JB Lanar, DE Majam, VF Stout, RR Hoffman, SL TI Enhancement of the immune response in rabbits to a malaria DNA vaccine by immunization with a needle-free jet device SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE DNA vaccine; Biojector; PfCSP ID HEPATITIS-B; PROTECTIVE EFFICACY; FALCIPARUM-MALARIA; AOTUS MONKEYS; PLASMID DNA; ANTIGEN; IMMUNOGENICITY; VIRUS; ANESTHESIA; INDUCTION AB We compared the needle free jet device device Biojector (TM) with syringe/needle as a method to administer a DNA vaccine encoding the Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein (PfCSP) in albino rabbits. A group of three rabbits was injected by the intramuscular (IM) route using a syringe/needle combination, a second group EM with the Biojector (TM) device and a third group both IM and intradermal (ID) using the Biojector (TM). When animals were immunized with the Bicjector (TM) or IM/ID as compared to the syringe/needle IM, we observed 10- and 50-fold greater antibody titers, as measured by enzyme immunoassay (EIA) and indirect fluorescence antibody test (IFAT), respectively. We also observed that the Biojector (TM) conferred a greater ability to prime the immune system as compared with the needle. The subsequent boosting of all animals with a recombinant canary pox virus (ALVAC) expressing PfCSP induced significantly hi g her titers in both Biojector (TM) groups of rabbits as compared with the needle and naive animals. These results provided the foundation for a clinical trial using the same regime. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 USN, Med Res Ctr, Malaria Program, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Pan Amer Hlth Org, Washington, DC 20910 USA. Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Bioject Inc, Portland, OR 97224 USA. RP Hoffman, SL (reprint author), Celera Genomics, 45 W Gude Dr, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. RI Lanar, David/B-3560-2011 NR 23 TC 58 Z9 62 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD OCT 12 PY 2001 VL 20 IS 1-2 BP 275 EP 280 DI 10.1016/S0264-410X(01)00273-0 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 481GR UT WOS:000171512000039 PM 11567774 ER PT J AU Dinh, HKB Zhao, BT Schuschereba, ST Merrill, G Bowman, PD AF Dinh, HKB Zhao, BT Schuschereba, ST Merrill, G Bowman, PD TI Gene expression profiling of the response to thermal injury in human cells SO PHYSIOLOGICAL GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE cDNA arrays; retinal cell culture; ARPE-19 cells; heat shock protein; thermal injury ID STIMULATORY FACTOR NKSF/IL-12; STRESS PROTEIN EXPRESSION; TYROSINE KINASE INHIBITOR; HEAT-SHOCK RESPONSE; PROSTAGLANDIN A(1); OXIDATIVE STRESS; HERBIMYCIN-A; RAT RETINA; INDUCTION; THERMOTOLERANCE AB The genetic response of human cells to sublethal thermal injury was assessed by gene expression profiling, using macroarrays containing 588 complementary known genes. At 1, 4, 8, and 24 h following thermal injury, RNA was isolated, and a cDNA copy was generated incorporating P-33 and hybridized to Atlas arrays. About one-fifth of the genes on the membrane exhibited a significant elevation or depression in expression (greater than or equal to2-fold) by 4 h posttreatment. Genes for heat shock proteins (HSPs) were upregulated as well as genes for transcription factors, growth regulation, and DNA repair. Cluster analysis was performed to assess temporal relationships between expression of genes. Translation of mRNA for some expressed genes, including HSP70 and HSP40, was corroborated by Western blotting. Gene expression profiling can be used to determine information about gene responses to thermal injury by retinal pigment epithelium cells following sublethal injury. The induction of gene expression following thermal injury involves a number of genes not previously identified as related to the stress response. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. USAF, Med Res Detachment, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. Univ Texas, Coll Pharm, Div Pharmaceut, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Bowman, PD (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave,Bldg 3611, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 51 TC 27 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 1094-8341 J9 PHYSIOL GENOMICS JI Physiol. Genomics PD OCT 10 PY 2001 VL 7 IS 1 BP 3 EP 13 PG 11 WC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity; Physiology SC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity; Physiology GA 481BV UT WOS:000171500000002 PM 11595787 ER PT J AU Hooper, JW Larsen, T Custer, DM Schmaljohn, CS AF Hooper, JW Larsen, T Custer, DM Schmaljohn, CS TI A lethal disease model for hantavirus pulmonary syndrome SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID GENETIC IDENTIFICATION; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; VIRUS-INFECTION; PATHOGENESIS; OUTBREAK; ARGENTINA; MICE AB Hantaviruses are associated with two human diseases, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS). Development of vaccines and therapies to prevent and treat HFRS and HPS have been hampered by the absence of a practical animal model. Here we report that Andes virus (ANDV), a South American hantavirus, is highly lethal in adult Syrian hamsters. The characteristics of the disease in hamsters, including the incubation period, symptoms of rapidly progressing respiratory distress, and pathologic findings of pulmonary edema and pleural effusion, closely resemble HPS in humans. This is the first report of a lethal disease model for hantaviruses that causes HPS. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Pathol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Hooper, JW (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. OI Hooper, Jay/0000-0002-4475-0415 NR 21 TC 158 Z9 168 U1 2 U2 9 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD OCT 10 PY 2001 VL 289 IS 1 BP 6 EP 14 DI 10.1006/viro.2001.1133 PG 9 WC Virology SC Virology GA 488QT UT WOS:000171947700002 PM 11601912 ER PT J AU Kim, YH Oblas, D Angelopoulos, AP Fossey, SA Matienzo, LJ AF Kim, YH Oblas, D Angelopoulos, AP Fossey, SA Matienzo, LJ TI Adsorption of a cationic polyacrylamide onto the surface of a nafion ionomer membrane SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID BY-LAYER MANIPULATION; CONJUGATED POLYMERS AB Time-dependent adsorption of a high-molecular-weight cationic polyacrylamide (acrylamide/ beta -methacryloxyethyltrimethylammonium methyl sulfate copolymer) from sulfuric acid solution onto a perfluorosulfonate ionomer (Nafion) membrane was characterized using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), ultraviolet/visible spectroscopy (UV/vis), and dynamic contact angle measurements in water. Flourine and nitrogen atomic surface concentrations determined from XPS were well correlated to the adsorbed polymer surface coverage from water contact angle analysis via the Cassie relationship and the adsorbed polymer concentration from UV/vis, respectively. Cationic polyacrylamide surface coverage remained constant at about 60% for all immersion times investigated. On the other hand, the adsorbed polymer concentration increased with immersion time, approaching a plateau after about 9 min. Such behavior was attributed to the transition from an expanded, two-dimensional, adsorbed polymer chain configuration at early times to a three-dimensional configuration composed of either coils or multilayers as immersion time increased. C1 Univ Massachusetts, Dept Chem, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Ctr Adv Mat, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. USA, Mat Res Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. IBM Corp, Endicott, NY 13760 USA. RP Angelopoulos, AP (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Chem, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. NR 12 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD OCT 9 PY 2001 VL 34 IS 21 BP 7489 EP 7495 DI 10.1021/ma0000273 PG 7 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 479CL UT WOS:000171386300038 ER PT J AU Bruno, JG Ulvick, SJ Uzzell, GL Tabb, JS Valdes, ER Batt, CA AF Bruno, JG Ulvick, SJ Uzzell, GL Tabb, JS Valdes, ER Batt, CA TI Novel immuno-FRET assay method for Bacillus spores and Escherichia coli O157 : H7 SO BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE bacteria; Bacillus; fluorescence; E. coli O157 : H7; FRET; immunofluorescence; Oregon Green; QSY-7; quencher; spores ID RESONANCE ENERGY-TRANSFER; SINGLE-CHAIN ANTIBODY; CEREUS SPORES AB Novel immunofluorescence resonance energy transfer (immuno-FRET) assays for both Bacillus cereus spores and Escherichia coli O157:H7 are reported. Both assays involve the use of dual (QSY-7 and Oregon Green 514-antibody)-labeled spores or vegetative bacteria, such that Oregon Green 514-labeled antibodies are quenched by proximal QSY-7 molecules that are covalently bound to the dual (Oregon Green 514 and QSY-7)-labeled cells. Upon introduction of unlabeled bacteria or spores, in the respective assays, an increase in fluorescence is observed in proportion to the numbers of unlabeled cells. This is due to migration of Oregon Green 514-labeled antibody from the dual-labeled cells to the unlabeled target cells as verified by fluorescence microscopy. Optimization of the QSY-7 surface density led to a B. cereus spore detection sensitivity of approximately 1.0 x 10(5) to 2.5 x 10(5) spores per milliliter and 3.5 x 10(5) cells per milliliter for E. coli using a conventional cuvette-based spectrofluorometer. (C) 2001 Academic Press. C1 OmniSite Biodiagnost Inc, Austin, TX 78701 USA. Agave Biosyst Inc, Ithaca, NY 14851 USA. USA, ECBC, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Cornell Univ, Alliance Nanomed Technol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Bruno, JG (reprint author), OmniSite Biodiagnost Inc, 101 W 6th St,Suite 200, Austin, TX 78701 USA. NR 15 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 9 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0006-291X J9 BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO JI Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. PD OCT 5 PY 2001 VL 287 IS 4 BP 875 EP 880 DI 10.1006/bbrc.2001.5669 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 481CY UT WOS:000171503400015 PM 11573946 ER PT J AU Wu, CF Valdes, JJ Rao, G Bentley, WE AF Wu, CF Valdes, JJ Rao, G Bentley, WE TI Enhancement of organophosphorus hydrolase yield in Escherichia coli using multiple gene fusions SO BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE GFP; OPH; fusion protein; gene repeats ID HIGH-LEVEL EXPRESSION; GREEN FLUORESCENT PROTEIN; JOINED GENES AB It was previously shown that organophosphorus hydrolase (OPH) expression and purification could be tracked by fluorescence of green fluorescent protein (GFP) when synthesized as an N-terminal fusion with GFP (Cha et al., 2000; Wu et al., 2000). In order to enhance OPH productivity while utilizing the advantage of the reporter protein (GFP), two copies of OPH were cloned in tandem following the gfp(uv) gene (e.g., GFP-OPHn=2). Both anti-GFP and anti-OPH Western blots demonstrated that a higher yield was achieved in comparison to the one copy fusion (GFP-OPH). Importantly, the fusion protein was still fluorescent as determined via microscopy. In contrast, a fusion containing two copies of OPH without GFP, and an operon fusion of two OPHs with two independent ribosomal binding sites, did not result in a higher yield than one OPH expressed alone. (C) 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 Univ Maryland, Ctr Agr Biotechnol, Inst Biotechnol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Chem Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. USA, SBCCOM, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Chem & Biochem Engn, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. RP Bentley, WE (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Ctr Agr Biotechnol, Inst Biotechnol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RI van Loosdrecht, Mark/B-2738-2009 OI van Loosdrecht, Mark/0000-0003-0658-4775 NR 9 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 4 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0006-3592 J9 BIOTECHNOL BIOENG JI Biotechnol. Bioeng. PD OCT 5 PY 2001 VL 75 IS 1 BP 100 EP 103 DI 10.1002/bit.1169 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 471NW UT WOS:000170936300012 PM 11536132 ER PT J AU Kolodny, N Kitov, S Vassell, MA Miller, VL Ware, LA Fegeding, K De La Vega, P Sacci, JB Lanar, DE AF Kolodny, N Kitov, S Vassell, MA Miller, VL Ware, LA Fegeding, K De La Vega, P Sacci, JB Lanar, DE TI Two-step chromatographic purification of recombinant Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein from Escherichia coli SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY B LA English DT Article DE Plasmodium falciparum; Escherichia coli; recombinant protein expression; purification; circumsporozoite protein ID IMMUNE-RESPONSES; MALARIA VACCINE; EXPRESSION; SPOROZOITE; CYSTEINES; BINDING; ANTIGEN AB The Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite (PfCS) protein (aa 19-405) has been cloned and expressed in E. coli. The protein was purified in a two-step process that was rapid and reproducible. E. coli cells were grown to a high density before induction for 1 h. Cells were disrupted by high pressure microfluidization and the total bacterial protein solubilized in 6 M Gu-HCl. The protein was refolded while bound to Ni-NTA agarose by exchange of 6 M Gu-HCl for 8 M urea and then slow removal of the urea. The eluted protein was further purified on Q Sepharose Fast Flow using conditions developed to remove E. coli proteins and reduce endotoxin (to 10 EU/50 mug). Yield was 20 mg of PfCS protein from 10 g of wet cell paste. The final protein product bound to HepG2 liver cells in culture and inhibited the invasion of those cells by sporozoites in an ISI assay greater than 80% over control cultures when used at 10 mug/ml. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science BY All rights reserved. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. USN, Med Res Ctr, Malaria Sect, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Lanar, DE (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RI Lanar, David/B-3560-2011 NR 20 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4347 J9 J CHROMATOGR B JI J. Chromatogr. B PD OCT 5 PY 2001 VL 762 IS 1 BP 77 EP 86 DI 10.1016/S0378-4347(01)00340-1 PG 10 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 473RR UT WOS:000171062300010 PM 11589461 ER PT J AU Hampton, RD Quraishi, N Rupert, JK AF Hampton, RD Quraishi, N Rupert, JK TI Flexibility equations for active rack isolation system umbilicals with planar end loading SO AIAA JOURNAL LA English DT Article C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Civil & Mech Engn, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NASA, Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr, Payloads Off, Houston, TX 77058 USA. Dynet Inc, Missile Syst Dept, Simulat & Anal Sect, Huntsville, AL 35806 USA. RP Hampton, RD (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Civil & Mech Engn, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0001-1452 J9 AIAA J JI AIAA J. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 39 IS 10 BP 2024 EP 2027 PG 4 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 480CV UT WOS:000171445200026 ER PT J AU Bower, KS Weichel, ED Kim, TJ AF Bower, KS Weichel, ED Kim, TJ TI Overview of reactive surgery SO AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN LA English DT Article ID IN-SITU KERATOMILEUSIS; LASER PHOTOREFRACTIVE KERATECTOMY; INTRASTROMAL CORNEAL RING; EXCIMER-LASER; THERMAL KERATOPLASTY; HIGH MYOPIA; FOLLOW-UP; PHASE-III; COMPLICATIONS; HYPEROPIA AB Patients with myopia, hyperopia and astigmatism can now reduce or eliminate their dependence on contact lenses and eyeglasses through refractive surgery that includes radial keratotomy (RK), photorefractive keratectomy (PRK), laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK), laser thermal keratoplasty (LTK) and intrastromal corneal rings (ICR). Since the approval of the excimer laser in 1995, the popularity of RK has declined because of the superior outcomes from PRK and LASIK. In patients with low-to-moderate myopia, PRK produces stable and predictable results with an excellent safety profile. LASIK is also efficacious, predictable and safe, with the additional advantages of rapid vision recovery and minimal pain. LASIK has rapidly become the most widely performed refractive surgery, with high patient and surgeon satisfaction. Noncontact Holium: YAG LTK provides satisfactory correction in patients with low hyperopia. ICR offers patients with low myopia the potential advantage of removal if the vision outcome is unsatisfactory. Despite the current widespread advertising and media attention about laser refractive surgery, not all patients are good candidates for this surgery. Family physicians should be familiar with the different refractive surgeries and their potential complications. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Weichel, ED (reprint author), 2007 Westchester Dr, Silver Spring, MD 20902 USA. NR 32 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER ACAD FAMILY PHYSICIANS PI KANSAS CITY PA 8880 WARD PARKWAY, KANSAS CITY, MO 64114-2797 USA SN 0002-838X J9 AM FAM PHYSICIAN JI Am. Fam. Physician PD OCT 1 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 7 BP 1183 EP 1190 PG 8 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 481CN UT WOS:000171502500005 PM 11601800 ER PT J AU Jensen, SA Barabasz, A Barabasz, M Warner, D AF Jensen, SA Barabasz, A Barabasz, M Warner, D TI EEG P300 event-related markers of hypnosis SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL HYPNOSIS LA English DT Article ID HYPNOTIC-SUSCEPTIBILITY; POTENTIAL AMPLITUDES AB Barabasz, Barabasz, Jensen, Calvin, Trevisan, and Warner (1999) showed that, when subjects are stringently selected for hypnotizability and responses are time locked to events, robust markers of hypnotic responding emerge that reflect alterations in consciousness that correspond to subjects' subjective experiences of perceptual alteration. To further test the Barabasz et al. (1999) hypothesis, we obtained EEG visual P300 event-related potentials (ERPs) from 20 high- and low-hypnotizable subjects. The effects of positive obstructive and negative CI obliterating instructions were tested during waking and alert hypnotic conditions. High-hypnotizables showed greater ERP amplitudes in response to the negative hallucination condition and lower ERP amplitudes in response to the positive obstructive hallucination when compared to the low-hypnotizables. Contrary to socio-psychological or role play conceptualizations, the hypnotic induction resulted in specific psychophysiological responses which could not be produced by waking imagination or by the lows who were trying to mimic hypnotic responding. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Behav Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Jensen, SA (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Behav Med, Bldg 3600,3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 35 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL HYPNOSIS PI CHICAGO PA 33 W GRAND AVE, STE 402, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0002-9157 J9 AM J CLIN HYPN JI Am. J. Clin. Hypn. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 44 IS 2 BP 127 EP 139 PG 13 WC Psychology, Clinical SC Psychology GA 477EH UT WOS:000171269800005 PM 11591080 ER PT J AU Gerhardt, RT King, KM Wiegert, RS AF Gerhardt, RT King, KM Wiegert, RS TI Inhaled nitrous oxide versus placebo as an analgesic and anxiolytic adjunct to peripheral intravenous cannulation SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT American-College-of-Emergency-Physicians Research Forum CY OCT 10-14, 1999 CL LAS VEGAS, NEVADA SP Amer Coll Emergency Physicians DE conscious analgesia/sedation; anxiolysis; nitrous oxide; randomized controlled trial ID EMERGENCY AB The objective was to determine whether an inhaled 50:50 mixture of nitrous oxide and oxygen (N2O/O-2) provides significant pain and anxiety relief during intravenous cannulation in healthy adults. The study was conducted at the ED of a military teaching hospital. Participants included adult volunteers aged 18 to 50 years. Excluded were those with allergy to N2O, anemia, cardiac disease, pregnancy, asthma, or bone marrow disorder. A prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover design was used comparing a 50:50 mixture of N2O/O-2 versus O-2. After recording baseline nonhatched 100mm visual analog scales (VAS) for pain and anxiety, subjects inhaled gas 1 for 120 seconds, followed by antecubital intravenous cannulation, discontinuance of gas and VAS rating of procedural pain and anxiety. After 15 minutes, the experiment was repeated with gas 2. Ten subjects would detect a 12mm difference in pain or anxiety with a standard deviation of 10mm, an alpha error under 0.05 and a power over 80%. Differences between VAS were compared by matched 2-tailed t-test. Eleven subjects were enrolled. One withdrew because of dizziness while inhaling gas (N2O). The 10 remaining subjects reported significantly less pain (N2O/O-2 14.5mm, SD 18; O-2 34.3mm, SD 23.4; P < .01) and anxiety (N2O/O-2 - 7.9mm, SD 7.8; O-2 6.0mm, SD 11.6; P < .02) when inhaling N2O/O-2 than when inhaling O-2 alone. N2O/O-2 provided significant pain and anxiety reductions during intravenous cannulation. Some patients may experience adverse perceptions while using N2O, limiting its utility. Further studies defining the role of N2O as an anxiolytic agent, efficacy in actual patients, and cost comparisons with intravenous conscious analgesia/sedation, are warranted. This is a US government work. There are no restrictions on its use. C1 San Antonio Uniformed Serv Hlth Educ Consortium, Brooke Army Med Ctr, DEM, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Texas Tech Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, El Paso, TX USA. USA, Forward Support Battal, Calvalry Div 1, Ft Hood, TX USA. William Beaumont Army Med Ctr, Emergency Med Serv, El Paso, TX 79920 USA. RP Gerhardt, RT (reprint author), San Antonio Uniformed Serv Hlth Educ Consortium, Brooke Army Med Ctr, DEM, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 9 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0735-6757 J9 AM J EMERG MED JI Am. J. Emerg. Med. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 19 IS 6 BP 492 EP 494 DI 10.1053/ajem.2001.25780 PG 3 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 481NG UT WOS:000171525300008 PM 11593469 ER PT J AU Goldman, D Malhotra, A Egan, M Kolachana, B Warden, D Lipsky, RH Salazar, AM Xu, K Goldberg, T Weinberger, D AF Goldman, D Malhotra, A Egan, M Kolachana, B Warden, D Lipsky, RH Salazar, AM Xu, K Goldberg, T Weinberger, D TI COMT Val158Met and cognitive executive function. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NIAAA, Neurogenet Lab, Rockville, MD USA. NIMH, Clin Brain Disorders Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Hillside Hosp, Long Isl City, NY USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0002-9297 J9 AM J HUM GENET JI Am. J. Hum. Genet. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 69 IS 4 SU 1 MA 2237 BP 562 EP 562 PG 1 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 483RD UT WOS:000171648902235 ER PT J AU Gorospe, JR Naidu, S Johnson, A Raymond, G Ayuste, O Puri, V Jenkins, S Pedersen, R Lewis, D Knowles, P Hoffman, E AF Gorospe, JR Naidu, S Johnson, A Raymond, G Ayuste, O Puri, V Jenkins, S Pedersen, R Lewis, D Knowles, P Hoffman, E TI Clinical and molecular characterization of Alexander disease patients. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Childrens Natl Med Ctr, Ctr Genet Med, Washington, DC 20010 USA. Kennedy Krieger Inst, Baltimore, MD USA. Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Pathol, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. Norton Healthcare, Louisville, KY USA. Childrens Hosp Oakland, Dept Neurol, Oakland, CA USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Neurol Serv, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Div Neurol, Durham, NC 27710 USA. TC Thompson Childrens Hosp, Chattanooga, TN USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0002-9297 J9 AM J HUM GENET JI Am. J. Hum. Genet. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 69 IS 4 SU 1 MA 2437 BP 596 EP 596 PG 1 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 483RD UT WOS:000171648902438 ER PT J AU Kaplan, KJ Goodman, ZD Ishak, KG AF Kaplan, KJ Goodman, ZD Ishak, KG TI Eosinophilic granuloma of the liver - A characteristic lesion with relationship to visceral larva migrans SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGICAL PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE liver; visceral larva migrans; eosinophilic granulomas; immunohistochemistry AB Children with the clinical syndrome of visceral larva migrans as a result of Toxocara species have typical lesions in the liver and other viscera, consisting of palisading granulomas that contain numerous eosinophils and often Charcot-Leyden crystals; recognizable parasites are uncommon. Similar eosinophilic granulomas that are found incidentally in adults often cause diagnostic problems. To define better the clinical, laboratory, and pathologic features of these lesions, we reviewed 43 cases of hepatic eosinophilic granuloma (excluding cases of Langerhans' cell histiocytosis) collected in the files of the AFIP over a period of 31 years. The eosinophilic granulomas were found in patients of all ages (range 12 months to 77 years); 30% were younger than 20 years. There were 26 male and 17 female patients. Most patients (26 of 43; 60%) were asymptomatic, and the lesions were discovered incidentally. Others had fever (20%) or abdominal pain (20%). The granulomas were typically multiple (61%), with central necrosis surrounded by a mixed inflammatory infiltrate with numerous eosinophils and variable numbers of neutrophils, lymphocytes, and a palisade of epithelioid histiocytes and/or giant cells. Charcot-Leyden crystals were present in 19 cases (44%). Remnants of parasites (eight Toxocara sp., two Capillaria sp.) were identified in the tissue in 10 patients. There was a positive serologic test for Toxocara sp. in five additional cases. Immunohistochemical staining using polyclonal antiserum against Toxocara canis larvae demonstrated positivity in macrophages in eight of 13 cases tested. We conclude that identification of an eosinophilic granuloma in the liver should suggest the diagnosis of visceral larva migrans and prompt a search for the causative organism with serial sectioning of the block and serologic tests for Toxocara and other causative parasites. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Dept Hepat & Gastrointestinal Pathol, Washington, DC USA. Vet Adm Special Reference Lab Pathol, Washington, DC USA. RP Kaplan, KJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 20 TC 45 Z9 47 U1 1 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0147-5185 J9 AM J SURG PATHOL JI Am. J. Surg. Pathol. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 25 IS 10 BP 1316 EP 1321 DI 10.1097/00000478-200110000-00014 PG 6 WC Pathology; Surgery SC Pathology; Surgery GA 476JG UT WOS:000171222100014 PM 11688468 ER PT J AU Hart, RA Grier, JW Miller, AC Davis, M AF Hart, RA Grier, JW Miller, AC Davis, M TI Empirically derived survival rates of a native mussel, Amblema plicata, in the Mississippi and Otter Tail Rivers, Minnesota SO AMERICAN MIDLAND NATURALIST LA English DT Article ID FRESH-WATER MUSSELS; DREISSENA-POLYMORPHA; ZEBRA MUSSEL; UNIONID BIVALVES; GREAT-LAKES; INFESTATION; CONSERVATION; PATTERNS; IMPACT AB We used a mark-recapture method to measure survival of a native unionid mussel, Amblema plicata, at sites with low, moderate and high zebra mussel (Dreisseena polymorpha) densities (mean values +/- SE equaled 0.4 +/- 0.2, 50.5 +/- 13 and 1750 +/- 260 individuals/m(2) respectively) in the Mississippi River, Minnesota, and at one site without D. polymorpha in the Otter TO River, Minnesota. In 1996 240 A. plicata from each site were uniquely marked. In 1997, 1998, 1999 and 2000 marked mussels were recovered; identified; survival determined; and, if alive, they were returned to the substratum. Mean annual survival differed significantly among sites (chi (2) = 4.08, df 3, P < 0.0001). Mean annual survival rates in the Mississippi River's low infestation population (LOW) were 99 +/- 0.3%, and 89 +/- 1.2% in the moderately infested population (MOD), while survival at the highly infested population (HIH) was 65 +/- 7.8%. Mean annual survival for the Otter Tail River population (REF) of A. plicata, was 98 +/- 0.5%. Results demonstrated that A. plicata has high mean annual survival (> 97%) in natural habitats that are not colonized by D. polymorpha and the survival rates decline significantly relative to increases in D. polymorpha densities. C1 N Dakota State Univ, Dept Zool, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Minnesota Dept Nat Resources, Div Ecol Serv, Lake City, MN 55041 USA. RP Hart, RA (reprint author), Minnesota Dept Nat Resources, Div ecol Serv, Brainerd, MN 56401 USA. NR 29 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER MIDLAND NATURALIST PI NOTRE DAME PA UNIV NOTRE DAME, BOX 369, ROOM 295 GLSC, NOTRE DAME, IN 46556 USA SN 0003-0031 EI 1938-4238 J9 AM MIDL NAT JI Am. Midl. Nat. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 146 IS 2 BP 254 EP 263 DI 10.1674/0003-0031(2001)146[0254:EDSROA]2.0.CO;2 PG 10 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 478JA UT WOS:000171342200003 ER PT J AU Abbott, KC Oglesby, RJ Hypolite, IO Kirk, AD Ko, CW Welch, PG Agodoa, LY Duncan, WE AF Abbott, KC Oglesby, RJ Hypolite, IO Kirk, AD Ko, CW Welch, PG Agodoa, LY Duncan, WE TI Hospitalizations for fractures after renal transplantation in the United States SO ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE fracture; osteoporosis; renal transplant; weight; dialysis duration; complication; USRDS ID KIDNEY-TRANSPLANTATION; INTERVENTION TRIAL; DIALYSIS PATIENTS; INCREASED RISK; HIP-FRACTURES; BONE-DISEASE; OSTEOPOROSIS; WOMEN; MORTALITY; COMPLICATIONS AB PURPOSE: To investigate the incidence, risk factors, and associated mortality of fractures in renal transplant recipients. METHODS: Retrospective registry study of 33,479 patients in the United States Renal Data System (USRDS) who received kidney transplants between I July 1994 and 30 June 1997. Associations with hospitalizations for a primary discharge diagnosis of fractures (all causes) were assessed. RESULTS: Renal transplant recipients had an adjusted incidence ratio for fractures of 4.59 (95% confidence interval 3.29 to 6.31). In multivariate analysis, recipients with prevalent fractures, as well as recipients who were Caucasian, women, in the lower quartiles of recipient weight (< 95.9 kg), had end stage renal disease caused by diabetes, and had prolonged pretransplant dialysis were at increased risk for hospitalization because of fractures after transplantation. Recipients hospitalized for hip fracture,, had decreased all-cause survival (hazard ratio for mortality 1.60, 95% CI 1.13 to 2.26) in Cox Regression analysis, CONCLUSIONS: In the early post,transplant course (<3 years), renal transplant recipients had a greater incidence of fractures than the general population, which were associated with decreased patient survival. Preventive efforts should focus on recipients with the risk factors identified in this analysis, most of which can be easily obtained through history and physical examination. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Rheumatol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NIDDK, Off Minor Res Hlth Coordinat, NIDDKD, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. NIH, Organ Transplantat Serv, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NIDCD, Epidemiol Stat & Data Syst Branch, Natl Inst Deafness & Commun Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Endocrinol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Abbott, KC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RI Kirk, Allan/B-6905-2012; OI Abbott, Kevin/0000-0003-2111-7112 NR 45 TC 64 Z9 68 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1047-2797 J9 ANN EPIDEMIOL JI Ann. Epidemiol. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 11 IS 7 BP 450 EP 457 DI 10.1016/S1047-2797(01)00226-5 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 475LH UT WOS:000171165100002 PM 11557176 ER PT J AU Rhee, JP AF Rhee, JP TI A note on the diffraction of obliquely incident water waves by a stepwise obstacle SO APPLIED OCEAN RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE surface gravity waves; stepwise obstacle; Green's theorem ID SHELF AB The second-order problem of the propagation of surface gravity waves over an asymmetric rectangular obstacle in an oblique sea is solved numerically using a Green's theorem integral-equation method. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 CEERD HC P, USAE Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Rhee, JP (reprint author), CEERD HC P, USAE Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 11 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0141-1187 J9 APPL OCEAN RES JI Appl. Ocean Res. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 23 IS 5 BP 299 EP 304 AR PII S0141-1187(01)00025-6 DI 10.1016/S0141-1187(01)00025-6 PG 6 WC Engineering, Ocean; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA 538LE UT WOS:000174816800006 ER PT J AU Shaffer, RE Combs, RJ AF Shaffer, RE Combs, RJ TI Comparison of spectral and interferogram processing methods using simulated passive Fourier transform infrared remote sensing data SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE chemometrics; multivariate calibration; pattern recognition; FT-IR; interferogram; single-beam spectra; radiometric model; remote sensing; net analyte signal ID MULTIVARIATE CALIBRATION MODELS; PATTERN-RECOGNITION; AUTOMATED DETECTION; FTIR SPECTROMETRY; IR; SPECTROSCOPY; ALGORITHM; EMISSION; VAPORS; PLUMES AB Computer-generated synthetic single-beam spectra and interferograms provide a means of comparing signal processing strategies that are employed with passive Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) sensors. With the use of appropriate radiance models and spectrometer characteristics, synthetic data are generated for one-, two-, and four-component mixtures of organic vapors (ethanol, methanol, acetone, and methyl ethyl ketone) in two passive FT-IR remote sensing scenarios. The single-beam spectra are processed by using Savitsky-Golay smoothing and first-derivative and second-derivative filters. Interferogram data are processed by Fourier filtering using Gaussian-shaped bandpass digital filters. Pattern recognition is performed with soft independent modeling of class analogy (SIMCA). Quantitative models for the target gas integrated concentration-pathlength product are built by using either partial least-squares (PLS) regression or locally weighted regression (LWR). Pattern recognition and calibration models of the filtered spectra or interferograms produced comparable results. Discrimination of target analytes in complex mixtures requires a sufficiently large temperature differential between the infrared background source and analyte cloud. Quantitative analysis is found to be possible only when the temperature of the analyte cloud is stable or known and differs significantly from the background temperature. Net analyte signal (NAS) methods demonstrate that interferogram and spectral processing methods supply identical information for multivariate pattern recognition and calibration. C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. USA, SBC Command, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Shaffer, RE (reprint author), GE Co, Corp Res & Dev, POB 8, Schenectady, NY 12301 USA. RI Shaffer, Ronald/I-2134-2012 NR 41 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 9 PU SOC APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY PI FREDERICK PA 201B BROADWAY ST, FREDERICK, MD 21701 USA SN 0003-7028 J9 APPL SPECTROSC JI Appl. Spectrosc. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 55 IS 10 BP 1404 EP 1413 DI 10.1366/0003702011953540 PG 10 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy GA 488YT UT WOS:000171965100020 ER PT J AU Carr, RS Nipper, M Biedenbach, JM Hooten, RL Miller, K Saepoff, S AF Carr, RS Nipper, M Biedenbach, JM Hooten, RL Miller, K Saepoff, S TI Sediment toxicity identification evaluation (TIE) studies at marine sites suspected of ordnance contamination SO ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID QUALITY; BAY; FLORIDA; TEXAS AB A sediment quality assessment survey and subsequent toxicity identification evaluation (TIE) study was conducted at several sites in Puget Sound, Washington. The sites were previously suspected of contamination with ordnance compounds. The initial survey employed sea urchin porewater toxicity tests to locate the most toxic stations. Sediments from the most toxic stations were selected for comprehensive chemical analyses. Based on the combined information from the toxicity and chemical data, three adjacent stations in Ostrich Bay were selected for the TIE study. The results of the phase I TIE suggested that organics and metals were primarily responsible for the observed toxicity in the sea urchin fertilization test. In addition to these contaminants, ammonia was also contributing to the toxicity for the sea urchin embryological development test. The phase II TIE study isolated the majority of the toxicity in the fraction containing nonpolar organics with high log K-ow, but chemical analyses failed to identify a compound present at a concentration high enough to be responsible for the observed toxicity. The data suggest that some organic or organometallic contaminant(s) that were not included in the comprehensive suite of chemical analyses caused the observed toxicological responses. C1 Texas A&M Univ, US Geol Survey, BRD,CERC, Marine Ecotoxicol Res Stn,Ctr Coastal Studies, Corpus Christi, TX 78412 USA. NFESC, Restorat Dev Branch, Port Hueneme, CA 93043 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Seattle Dist, Seattle, WA 98134 USA. RP Carr, RS (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, US Geol Survey, BRD,CERC, Marine Ecotoxicol Res Stn,Ctr Coastal Studies, 6300 Ocean Dr,NRC,Suite 3200, Corpus Christi, TX 78412 USA. NR 27 TC 25 Z9 29 U1 3 U2 11 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0090-4341 J9 ARCH ENVIRON CON TOX JI Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 41 IS 3 BP 298 EP 307 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 466XY UT WOS:000170672500007 PM 11503066 ER PT J AU Nipper, M Carr, RS Biedenbach, JM Hooten, RL Miller, K Saepoff, S AF Nipper, M Carr, RS Biedenbach, JM Hooten, RL Miller, K Saepoff, S TI Development of marine toxicity data for ordnance compounds SO ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HEXAHYDRO-1,3,5-TRINITRO-1,3,5-TRIAZINE RDX; DAPHNIA-MAGNA; PHOTOTOXICOLOGY; POLYCHAETE AB A toxicity database for ordnance compounds was generated using eight compounds of concern and marine toxicity tests with five species from different phyla. Toxicity tests and endpoints included fertilization success and embryological development with the sea urchin Arbacia punctulata; zoospore germination, germling length, and cell number with the green macroalga Ulva fasciata; survival and reproductive success of the polychaete Dinophilus gyrociliatus; larvae hatching and survival with the redfish Sciaenops ocellatus; and survival of juveniles of the opossum shrimp Americamysis bahia (formerly Mysidopsis bahia). The studied ordnance compounds were 2,4- and 2,6-dinitrotoluene, 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, 1,3-dinitrobenzene, 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene, 2,4,6-trinitrophenyl-methylnitramine (tetryl), 2,4,6-trinitrophenol (picric acid), and hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX). The most sensitive toxicity test endpoints overall were the macroalga zoospore germination and the polychaete reproduction tests. The most toxic ordnance compounds overall were tetryl and 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene. These were also the most degradable compounds, often being reduced to very low or below-detection levels at the end of the test exposure. Among the dinitro- and trinitrotoluenes and benzenes, toxicity tended to increase with the level of nitrogenation. Picric acid and RDX were the least toxic chemicals tested overall. C1 Texas A&M Univ, Ctr Coastal Studies, Corpus Christi, TX 78412 USA. Texas A&M Univ, US Geol Survey, BRD, CERC,Marine Ecotoxicol Res Stn, Corpus Christi, TX 78412 USA. NFESC, Restorat Dev Branch, Port Hueneme, CA 93043 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Seattle Dist, Seattle, WA 98134 USA. RP Nipper, M (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Ctr Coastal Studies, 6300 Ocean Dr,NRC,Suite 3200, Corpus Christi, TX 78412 USA. NR 41 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 1 U2 6 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0090-4341 J9 ARCH ENVIRON CON TOX JI Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 41 IS 3 BP 308 EP 318 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 466XY UT WOS:000170672500008 PM 11503067 ER PT J AU Dalton, SR Ririe, DW Neuhauser, TS AF Dalton, SR Ririe, DW Neuhauser, TS TI Pathologic quiz case - Cauda equina syndrome in a 65-year-old man, status post-bone marrow transplant for chronic myeloid leukemia - Extramedullary myeloid tumor (granulocytic sarcoma)/CML in myeloid blast crisis SO ARCHIVES OF PATHOLOGY & LABORATORY MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID RELAPSE C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Hematol Oncol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Dalton, SR (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. NR 6 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU COLLEGE AMER PATHOLOGISTS PI NORTHFIELD PA C/O KIMBERLY GACKI, 325 WAUKEGAN RD, NORTHFIELD, IL 60093-2750 USA SN 0003-9985 J9 ARCH PATHOL LAB MED JI Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 125 IS 10 BP 1385 EP 1386 PG 2 WC Medical Laboratory Technology; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pathology SC Medical Laboratory Technology; Research & Experimental Medicine; Pathology GA 482JX UT WOS:000171574000028 PM 11570925 ER PT J AU Ludwig, DA Vernikos, J Wade, CE Convertino, VA AF Ludwig, DA Vernikos, J Wade, CE Convertino, VA TI Blood pressure changes during orthostatic stress: Evidence of gender differences in neuroeffector distribution SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE gender; blood pressure; vasoconstriction; orthostatic intolerance; stand test ID BODY NEGATIVE-PRESSURE; CARDIOVASCULAR-RESPONSES; SPACEFLIGHT; TOLERANCE; INTOLERANCE; WOMEN; MEN AB Background: Research has demonstrated that exogenous adrenergic agonists produce dose-related vasoconstriction in men but not women. This suggests that the distribution of adrenergic receptor sites differ with gender. Women may have a higher density of receptor sites in the arterioles (fast acting with low gain) while men may have higher density in the larger vessels (slow acting with high gain). Methods. To partially test this hypothesis, the time course in beat-to-beat responses in systolic and diastolic BP, and heart rate was compared between six men and six women during the transition from a supine to an upright posture and during prolonged standing. Results: The transient change in systolic and diastolic BP was very rapid in women, but completed within 15 to 30 s after assuming an upright position. Men increased BP at a much slower rate, but continued to produce higher BPs over the complete testing session (up to 15 min). The rate of change for men (15 mm Hg systolic and 10 mm Hg diastolic) was approximately half that for women (30 mm Hg systolic and 15 mm Hg diastolic) during the first 30 s of upright posture. However, after 60 s of standing, absolute change in systolic BP for the men exceeded that of the women by approximately 5 mm Hg for both systolic and diastolic BP. While men's heart rate remained relatively constant during standing, women compensated for the lower change in BP by a continual increase in heart rate throughout the duration of the test. Although both men and women demonstrated increases in norepinephrine at 5 and 15 min during standing, no difference between genders was observed. Similarly, there were no differences in dominant periodicity of heart rate during standing, although women demonstrated slightly higher beat-to-beat variation (RMS) than men. Conclusion: The results support the hypothesis of distributional differences in neuroeffector responses between men and women and have implications for how men and women respond to orthostatic stress across a variety of environmental conditions. C1 Univ N Carolina, Dept Math Sci, Div Stat, Greensboro, NC 27402 USA. NASA Headquarters, Washington, DC USA. NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Ludwig, DA (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Math Sci, Div Stat, 383 Bryan Bldg, Greensboro, NC 27402 USA. NR 28 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 72 IS 10 BP 892 EP 898 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 479PK UT WOS:000171412600004 PM 11601552 ER PT J AU Olson, MA AF Olson, MA TI Calculations of free-energy contributions to protein-RNA complex stabilization SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID HUMAN U1A PROTEIN; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; BINDING FREE-ENERGY; ELECTROSTATIC CONTRIBUTIONS; DIELECTRIC-CONSTANTS; IONIZABLE RESIDUES; POISSON-BOLTZMANN; ASSOCIATION; AFFINITIES; LYSOZYME AB The problem of calculating binding affinities of protein-RNA complexes is addressed by analyzing a computational strategy of modeling electrostatic free energies based on a nonlinear Poisson-Boltzmann (NLPB) model and linear response approximation (LRA). The underlying idea is to treat binding as a two-step process. Solutions to the NLPB equation calculate free energies arising from electronic polarizability and the LRA is constructed from molecular dynamics simulations to model reorganization free energies due to conformational transitions. By implementing a consistency condition of requiring the NLPB model to reproduce the solute-solvent free-energy transitions determined by the LRA, a "macromolecule dielectric constant" (is an element of (m)) for treating reorganization is obtained. The applicability of this hybrid approach was evaluated by calculating the absolute free energy of binding and free-energy changes for amino acid substitutions in the complex between the U1A spliceosomal protein and its cognate RNA hairpin. Depending on the residue substitution, is an element of (m) varied from 3 to 18, and reflected dipolar reorientation not included in the polarization modeled by is an element of (m) = 2. Although the changes in binding affinities from substitutions modeled strictly at the implicit level by the NLPB equation with is an element of (m) = 4 reproduced the experimental values with good overall agreement, substitutions problematic to this simple treatment showed significant improvement when solved by the NLPB-LRA approach. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Mol Modeling Lab, Dept Cell Biol & Biochem, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Olson, MA (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Mol Modeling Lab, Dept Cell Biol & Biochem, 1425 Porter St, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. NR 57 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 81 IS 4 BP 1841 EP 1853 PG 13 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 476AY UT WOS:000171205100002 PM 11566759 ER PT J AU Hong, SP Yoo, WD Putnak, R Srivastava, AK Eckels, KH Chung, YJ Rho, HM Kim, SO AF Hong, SP Yoo, WD Putnak, R Srivastava, AK Eckels, KH Chung, YJ Rho, HM Kim, SO TI Preparation of a purified, inactivated Japanese encephalitis (JE) virus vaccine in Vero cells SO BIOTECHNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Japanese encephalitis; vaccine; Vero cells ID MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; PROTEINS AB An attenuated Japanese encephalitis (JE) virus SA14-14-2 (PDK) was adapted to Vero cells, a continuous cell line that has been licensed for human vaccine production, by serial passages. The resulting virus was purified by tangential flow ultrafiltration followed by sucrose density gradient ultracentrifugation, giving 2.3 mg purified virus per liter of culture supernatant. Treatment with 0.05% formalin for 4 days at 22 degreesC completely inactivated viral infectivity while preserving its antigenicity. The purified, inactivated JE virus was formulated with alum hydroxide and administered to mice by intraperitoneal route. In terms of its ability to induce anti-JE neutralizing antibody and to protect the immunized animal against neurovirulent virus challenge, the purified, inactivated JE virus formulated with alum was equivalent to the exiting commercial mouse brain-derived vaccine (JE-VAX, Aventis Pasteur Inc.). C1 Cheil Jedang Corp, Ctr Res & Dev, Ichon Si 467810, Kuonggi Do, South Korea. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Seoul Natl Univ, Sch Biol Sci, Seoul 151742, South Korea. RP Kim, SO (reprint author), Seoul Natl Univ, Coll Med, Inst Canc Res, GeneMatrix Inc 8F, 28 Yongon Dong, Seoul 110799, South Korea. EM sookim@genematrix.net NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0141-5492 J9 BIOTECHNOL LETT JI Biotechnol. Lett. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 23 IS 19 BP 1565 EP 1573 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 477NP UT WOS:000171290500005 ER PT J AU Anderson, SD Argyros, GJ Magnussen, H Holzer, K AF Anderson, SD Argyros, GJ Magnussen, H Holzer, K TI Provocation by eucapnic voluntary hyperpnoea to identify exercise induced bronchoconstriction SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE hyperpnoea; bronchial provocation; exercise ID THERMALLY-INDUCED ASTHMA; COLD-AIR; BRONCHOPROVOCATION TECHNIQUE; INDUCED BRONCHOSPASM; DRY AIR; HYPERVENTILATION; CHALLENGE; RESPONSIVENESS; REACTIVITY; CHILDREN AB The International Olympic Committee Medical Commission (IOC-MC) requires notification for use of a beta (2) agonist at the Winter Olympic Games in Salt Lake City. This notification will be required seven days before the event and must be accompanied by objective evidence that justifies the need to use one. The IOC-MC has expressed the viewpoint that, at present, eucapnic voluntary hyperpnoea (EVH) is the optimal laboratory challenge to confirm that an athlete has exercise induced bronchoconstriction (EIB). The EVH test recommended was specifically designed to identify EIB. EVH has been performed in thousands of subjects in both the laboratory and the field. The test requires the subject to hyperventilate dry air containing 5% carbon dioxide at room temperature for six minutes at a target ventilation of 30 times the subject's forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1). The test conditions can be modified to simulate the conditions that give the athlete their symptoms with exercise. A reduction in FEV1 of 10% or more of the value before the test is considered positive. C1 Royal Prince Alfred Hosp, Dept Resp Med, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia. Krankenhaus Grosshansdorf, Ctr Pneumol & Thorac Surg, D-22927 Grosshansdorf, Germany. Walter Reed Hlth Care Syst, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Alfred Hosp, Dept Immunol & Asthma, Prahran, Vic 3052, Australia. RP Anderson, SD (reprint author), Royal Prince Alfred Hosp, Dept Resp Med, Level 9 Page Chest Pavil, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia. NR 30 TC 129 Z9 132 U1 0 U2 7 PU BRITISH MED JOURNAL PUBL GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0306-3674 J9 BRIT J SPORT MED JI Br. J. Sports Med. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 35 IS 5 BP 344 EP 347 DI 10.1136/bjsm.35.5.344 PG 4 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 479FR UT WOS:000171394800019 PM 11579071 ER PT J AU Hu, ZM Wang, RRC Larson, SR Palazzo, AJ Asay, KH Chatterton, NJ AF Hu, ZM Wang, RRC Larson, SR Palazzo, AJ Asay, KH Chatterton, NJ TI Selection response for molecular markers associated with anthocyanin coloration and low-temperature growth traits in crested wheatgrasses SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Anthocyanin; crested wheatgrass; molecular marker; selection; vernalization ID BARLEY HORDEUM-VULGARE; WINTER-WHEAT; VERNALIZATION REQUIREMENT; GENETIC-CONTROL; COLD HARDINESS; RYE; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; ACCUMULATION; REGISTRATION; ENHANCEMENT AB Hycrest is an outcrossing tetraploid cultivar of crested wheatgrass developed from a hybrid between an induced tetraploid form of Fairway (Agropyron cristatum) and natural tetraploid Standard (A. desertorum). The CD-H cultivar was selected from cv. Hycrest on the basis of vigorous vegetative growth and green leaf coloration during early spring. This study examines the selection response of molecular markers associated with anthocyanin coloration (AC), growth habit (GH) and other traits in Hycrest, CD-II, and two second-generation polycross (PX(2)) populations derived from three purple-leaf selections and three green-leaf selections of Hycrest. AC was positively correlated with prostrate GH and inversely correlated with plant height and leaf width in the experimental PX(2) populations. Of the 578 AFLP markers surveyed, 13 showed pleiotropic effects on GH and AC in the PX(2) populations. In all cases, marker alleles associated with prostrate GH also enhanced AC. Four of these 13 markers also showed large selection responses in CD-II (i.e. 80th percentile or higher) relative to Hycrest, always favouring upright GH and low AC alleles. However, the upright GH in CD-II was not explainable solely by molecular marker alleles near the vernalization gene. C1 Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Wang, RRC (reprint author), Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM rrcwang@cc.usu.edu OI Larson, Steve/0000-0003-2742-2134 NR 29 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU AGRICULTURAL INST CANADA PI OTTAWA PA 280 ALBERT ST, SUITE 900, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1P 5G8, CANADA SN 0008-4220 J9 CAN J PLANT SCI JI Can. J. Plant Sci. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 81 IS 4 BP 665 EP 671 PG 7 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 497RV UT WOS:000172470000012 ER PT J AU Keefe, KA Schell, MJ Brewer, C McHale, M Brewster, W Chapman, JA Rose, GS McMeeken, DS Lagerberg, W Peng, YM Wilczynski, SP Anton-Culver, H Meyskens, FL Berman, ML AF Keefe, KA Schell, MJ Brewer, C McHale, M Brewster, W Chapman, JA Rose, GS McMeeken, DS Lagerberg, W Peng, YM Wilczynski, SP Anton-Culver, H Meyskens, FL Berman, ML TI A randomized, double blind, phase III trial using oral beta-carotene supplementation for women with high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia SO CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION LA English DT Article ID HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUSES; VITAMIN-C; DYSPLASIA; CANCER; RISK; CARCINOGENESIS; REGRESSION; INFECTION; RETINOIDS; ACID AB To evaluate the effect of daily beta -carotene (30 mg) versus placebo over a 2-year period on cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 2 and 3 lesions. Human papillomavirus (IPV) typing was done to determine whether lesion regression was related to HPV. Micronutrient levels were measured to determine whether levels were predictive of regression. Variables that influence the risk of HPV infection and CIN, such as cigarette smoking and sexual behavior, were evaluated. Women were randomized to beta -carotene or placebo, with cytology and colposcopy every 3 months. Cervical biopsies were performed before treatment and after 6 and 24 months to evaluate response. Persistence of or progression to CIN 3 resulted in removal from the study, whereas treatment continued for 2 years on all others. The presence and type of HPV was determined by PCR. Response was defined as an improvement in CIN by 2 grades. Mantel-Haenszel chi (2) test was used to analyze response to treatment. Fisher's exact test was used to determine the effect of HPV and CIN grade on response Wilcoxon's rank-sum tests were used to compare micronutrient levels between groups. Twenty-one of 124 enrolled women were not randomized because they either moved, became pregnant, voluntarily withdrew, or the pathological review of their initial cervical biopsies did not confirm CIN 2 or 3. Of the remaining 103 women, 33 experienced lesion regression, 45 had persistent or progressive disease, and 25 women did not complete the study and were considered nonresponders in the final analysis. The overall regression rate (32%) was similar between treatment arms and when stratified for CIN grade. Data on 99 women with HPV typing showed that 77% were HPV-positive and 23% HPV-negative at enrollment. HPV-positive lesions were subdivided into indeterminate-, low-, and high-risk categories; the response rate was highest for women with no HPV detected (61%), lower for indeterminate/low-risk (30%), and lowest for high-risk (18%; P = .001). CIN regression was negatively correlated with retinol levels. In conclusion, beta -carotene does not enhance the regression of high-grade CIN, especially in HPV-positive subjects. C1 Univ Calif Irvine, Med Ctr, Div Gynecol Oncol, Orange, CA 92868 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Med Ctr, Chao Family Comprehens Canc Ctr, Orange, CA 92868 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Med, Div Epidemiol, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Brown Univ, Women & Infants Hosp, Div Gynecol & Oncol, Providence, RI 02905 USA. Univ N Carolina, Dept Biostat, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA. Univ Illinois, Div Gynecol Oncol, Peoria, IL USA. Bethesda Naval Hosp, Div Gynecol Oncol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. Univ Kansas, Med Ctr, Div Gynecol Oncol, Kansas City, KS 66101 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Gynecol Oncol, Washington, DC 20012 USA. Univ Oklahoma, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Gynecol Oncol, Oklahoma City, OK 73101 USA. Univ Arizona, Leon Levy Canc Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85701 USA. City Hope Med Ctr, Duarte, CA 91009 USA. RP Berman, ML (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Med Ctr, Div Gynecol Oncol, 101 City Dr S,Bldd 23,Room 107, Orange, CA 92868 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [R01-CA-50364] NR 22 TC 31 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI BIRMINGHAM PA PO BOX 11806, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35202 USA SN 1055-9965 J9 CANCER EPIDEM BIOMAR JI Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 10 IS 10 BP 1029 EP 1035 PG 7 WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 480ZH UT WOS:000171492900003 PM 11588128 ER PT J AU Mason, PA Walters, TJ DiGiovanni, J Beason, CW Jauchem, JR Dick, EJ Mahajan, K Dusch, SJ Shields, BA Merritt, JH Murphy, MR Ryan, KL AF Mason, PA Walters, TJ DiGiovanni, J Beason, CW Jauchem, JR Dick, EJ Mahajan, K Dusch, SJ Shields, BA Merritt, JH Murphy, MR Ryan, KL TI Lack of effect of 94 GHz radio frequency radiation exposure in an animal model of skin carcinogenesis SO CARCINOGENESIS LA English DT Article ID HZ MAGNETIC-FIELD; POLYAMINE-BIOSYNTHETIC ENZYMES; MHZ RADIOFREQUENCY RADIATION; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; INDUCED PRIMARY TUMORS; LOW-LEVEL EXPOSURE; MOUSE-SKIN; SENCAR MICE; MICROWAVE-RADIATION; ELECTROMAGNETIC-FIELDS AB Although there is no evidence that electromagnetic energy in the radio frequency radiation (RFR) band is mutagenic, there have been suggestions that RFR energy might serve as either a promoter or co-promoter in some animal models of carcinogenesis. Recent developments in electromagnetic technology have resulted in the manufacture of RFR sources capable of generating frequencies in the millimeter wavelength (MMW) range (30-300 GHz). Because absorption of MMW energy occurs in the skin, it is to be expected that long-term detrimental health effects, if any, would most likely be manifest in the skin. In this study we investigated whether a single (1.0 W/cm(2) for 10 s) or repeated (2 exposures/week for 12 weeks, 333 mW/cm(2) for 10 s) exposure to 94 GHz RFR serves as a promoter or co-promoter in the 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced SENCAR mouse model of skin carcinogenesis. Neither paradigm of MMW exposure significantly affected papilloma development, as evidenced by a lack of effect on tumor incidence and multiplicity. There was also no evidence that MMW exposure served as a co-promoter in DMBA-induced animals repeatedly treated with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate. Therefore, we conclude that exposure to 94 GHz RFR under these conditions does not promote or co-promote papilloma development in this animal model of skin carcinogenesis. C1 USAF, Res Lab, Directed Energy Bioeffects Div, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Veridian Engn Inc, San Antonio, TX 78216 USA. Univ Texas, MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Carcinogenesis, Smithville, TX 78957 USA. Trinity Univ, Dept Biol, San Antonio, TX 78212 USA. RP Mason, PA (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Directed Energy Bioeffects Div, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. NR 53 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0143-3334 J9 CARCINOGENESIS JI Carcinogenesis PD OCT PY 2001 VL 22 IS 10 BP 1701 EP 1708 DI 10.1093/carcin/22.10.1701 PG 8 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 480ZD UT WOS:000171492500017 PM 11577012 ER PT J AU Hnatiuk, OW Corcoran, PC Sierra, A AF Hnatiuk, OW Corcoran, PC Sierra, A TI Spirometry in surgery for anterior mediastinal masses SO CHEST LA English DT Article DE anterior mediastinal mass; preoperative spirometry ID UPPER AIRWAY-OBSTRUCTION; RECOMMENDATIONS; DIAGNOSIS; POSTURE; VALUES AB Study objectives: To identify the impact of upright and supine spirometry (USS) on the choice of anesthesia and outcomes in patients undergoing surgery for anterior mediastinal masses (AMMs). Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: A referral, tertiary-care, military medical center. Patients: We reviewed the records of all patients who underwent surgery for AMMs between June 1994 and December 2000 at Walter Reed Army Medical Center. Patients aged greater than or equal to 18 years who had "anterior mediastinal mass" listed as the preoperative diagnosis, which had been confirmed by, a preoperative CT scan, and who had available preoperative spirometry data were included in our analysis. In cases in which surgery was performed more than once on the same individual, only data from the first operation were evaluated. Measurements: Patient demographics, the results of pulmonary function testing, perioperative complications, type of anesthesia, type of surgery, and pathology were used in the evaluation. Results: Thirty-seven patients (median age, 31 years; age range, 19 to 86 years) were included in the final analysis. There were 24 men and 13 women in this group. The mean (+/- SD) seated FVC and FEV1 values for the group were 4.02 +/- 0.75 L (90.7 +/- 13.3% predicted) and 3.22 +/- 0.56 L 89.6 +/- 14.2% predicted. Twelve patients (32.4%) had USS ordered, and 10 patients (27.0%) had USS performed. USS was ordered significantly more frequently in younger and symptomatic patients (p = 0.022 and p = 0.005, respectively). Spirometry suggestive of possible upper airway obstruction was found in four patients. However, general anesthesia was used in all four patients without complications. Only two patients suffered perioperative complications. One of these patients had normal USS values but underwent surgery under local anesthesia nonetheless. Conclusions: The recommendation to perform USS prior to surgery on AMMs is based on anecdotal data. Our study found that the incidence of perioperative complications in surgery for AMMs is low. We also found that USS is not ordered in all patients preoperatively and that the results do not always alter the anesthetic technique when abnormal. One patient who experienced a perioperative complication had normal USS values. Larger studies are necessary to further evaluate the utility of USS in surgery for AMMs. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Pulm & Crit Care Med Serv, Ward 77, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Cardiovasc Thorac Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Hnatiuk, OW (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Pulm & Crit Care Med Serv, Ward 77, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 19 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD OCT PY 2001 VL 120 IS 4 BP 1152 EP 1156 DI 10.1378/chest.120.4.1152 PG 5 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 483KL UT WOS:000171634500021 PM 11591553 ER PT J AU Marovich, MA Lira, R Shepard, M Fuchs, GH Kruetzer, R Nutman, TB Neva, FA AF Marovich, MA Lira, R Shepard, M Fuchs, GH Kruetzer, R Nutman, TB Neva, FA TI Leishmaniasis recidivans recurrence after 43 years: A clinical and immunologic report after successful treatment SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material ID GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA; CUTANEOUS LEISHMANIASIS; INFECTION; CELLS AB We describe a patient with very late recurring leishmaniasis recidivans from whom lesional biopsy samples were obtained during and after topical steroid treatment that demonstrated the ability of the host to contain the parasite in the absence of therapy. Combination therapy with intralesional sodium stibogluconate and oral itraconazole was successful and immunologic data suggest that both CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell subsets had roles in this disease process. C1 NIAID, Parasit Dis Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. George Washington Univ, Dept Med, Washington, DC USA. George Washington Univ, Dept Dermatol, Washington, DC USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Marovich, MA (reprint author), Combined US Mil HIV Res Program, 13 Taft Ct,Ste 200, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. NR 11 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD OCT 1 PY 2001 VL 33 IS 7 BP 1076 EP 1079 DI 10.1086/322643 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 476KU UT WOS:000171226900023 PM 11528583 ER PT J AU Leary, KJ Wortmann, G Moran, K AF Leary, KJ Wortmann, G Moran, K TI Splintered sequelae: Eumycetoma secondary to a wooden splinter present for 27 years SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD OCT 1 PY 2001 VL 33 IS 7 MA 167 BP 1117 EP 1117 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 476KU UT WOS:000171226900193 ER PT J AU Lawler, J Baqar, S Sanders, J Paolucci, R Pitarangasi, C Tribble, D AF Lawler, J Baqar, S Sanders, J Paolucci, R Pitarangasi, C Tribble, D TI Evaluation of a Campylobacter rapid diagnostic immunoassay in patients with acute diarrhea SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Bethesda 10400, MD USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Bethesda, MD USA. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok, Thailand. Naval Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD OCT 1 PY 2001 VL 33 IS 7 MA 194 BP 1121 EP 1121 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 476KU UT WOS:000171226900220 ER PT J AU Hepburn, MJ Cantu, NS Hepburn, LM Kadakia, SC Lawitz, EJ AF Hepburn, MJ Cantu, NS Hepburn, LM Kadakia, SC Lawitz, EJ CA Alamo Study Grp TI African Americans have a lower viral clearance rate with combination interferon and ribavirin therapy for Hepatitis C SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD OCT 1 PY 2001 VL 33 IS 7 MA 431 BP 1162 EP 1162 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 476KU UT WOS:000171226900457 ER PT J AU Hepburn, MJ Barfield, L Hepburn, LM Fraser, SL AF Hepburn, MJ Barfield, L Hepburn, LM Fraser, SL TI Low serum vitamin B12 levels in an outpatient HIV population SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD OCT 1 PY 2001 VL 33 IS 7 MA 733 BP 1213 EP 1213 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 476KU UT WOS:000171226900759 ER PT J AU Ferguson, TM Malone, JL Frenck, RW Putnam, S Pittner, BT Kamal, K Wasfy, M Ismail, T Mahoney, FJ AF Ferguson, TM Malone, JL Frenck, RW Putnam, S Pittner, BT Kamal, K Wasfy, M Ismail, T Mahoney, FJ TI Epidemiologic study of acute gastroenteritis among US military personnel deployed to Incirlik, Turkey SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Naval Med Res Unit 3, Cairo, Egypt. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD OCT 1 PY 2001 VL 33 IS 7 MA 842 BP 1232 EP 1232 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 476KU UT WOS:000171226900868 ER PT J AU Purcell, BK Dooley, DP Gray, PJ Hill, KJ Oliverson, FW AF Purcell, BK Dooley, DP Gray, PJ Hill, KJ Oliverson, FW TI Directly observed prophylaxis therapy using erythromycin in a military unit exposed to pertussis SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD OCT 1 PY 2001 VL 33 IS 7 MA 847 BP 1233 EP 1233 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 476KU UT WOS:000171226900873 ER PT J AU Rompalo, A Gaydos, C Shah, K Daniels, R Gaydos, JC Mckee, K AF Rompalo, A Gaydos, C Shah, K Daniels, R Gaydos, JC Mckee, K TI Evaluation of a single intravaginal swab to detect multiple sexually transmitted infections in active duty women soldiers SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Hyg & Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. Womack Army Med Ctr, Ft Bragg, NC USA. RI Gaydos, Charlotte/E-9937-2010 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD OCT 1 PY 2001 VL 33 IS 7 MA 916 BP 1245 EP 1245 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 476KU UT WOS:000171226900942 ER PT J AU Sjoberg, PA Neville, J Gaydos, JC Cogburn, CD Taylor, RI AF Sjoberg, PA Neville, J Gaydos, JC Cogburn, CD Taylor, RI TI Chlamydia trachomatis screening in men and women at 17 US Air Force (USAF) bases SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Med Grp 1, Langley AFB, VA USA. Air Force Inst Environm Safety & Occupat Hlth, Brooks AFB, TX USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. Med Grp 20, Shaw AFB, SC USA. USAF, Air Combat Command, Langley AFB, VA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD OCT 1 PY 2001 VL 33 IS 7 MA 927 BP 1246 EP 1246 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 476KU UT WOS:000171226900953 ER PT J AU Li, B Chellappa, R Zheng, Q Der, S Nasrabadi, N Chan, L Wang, L AF Li, B Chellappa, R Zheng, Q Der, S Nasrabadi, N Chan, L Wang, L TI Experimental evaluation of FLIR ATR approaches - A comparative study SO COMPUTER VISION AND IMAGE UNDERSTANDING LA English DT Article DE automatic target recognition; Performance Evaluation AB This paper presents an empirical evaluation of a number of recently developed Automatic Target Recognition algorithms for Forward-Looking Infrared (FLIR) imagery using a large database of real FLIR images. The algorithms evaluated are based on convolutional neural networks (CNN), principal component analysis (PCA), linear discriminant analysis (LDA), learning vector quantization (LVQ), modular neural networks (MNN), and two model-based algorithms, using Hausdorff metric-based matching and geometric hashing. The evaluation results show that among the neural approaches, the LVQ- and MNN-based algorithms perform the best; the classical LDA and the PCA methods and our implementation of the geometric hashing method ended up in the bottom three, with the CNN- and Hausdorff metric-based methods in the middle. Analyses show that the less-than-desirable performance of the approaches is mainly due to the lack of a good training set. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science (USA). C1 Sharp Labs Amewr, Camas, WA 98607 USA. Univ Maryland, Ctr Automat Res, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Li, B (reprint author), Sharp Labs Amewr, 5750 NW Pacific Rim Blvd, Camas, WA 98607 USA. NR 22 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1077-3142 J9 COMPUT VIS IMAGE UND JI Comput. Vis. Image Underst. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 84 IS 1 BP 5 EP 24 DI 10.1006/cviu.2001.0938 PG 20 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA 524AA UT WOS:000173988700002 ER PT J AU Ehlen, J Harmon, RS AF Ehlen, J Harmon, RS TI GeoComp 99: GeoComputation and the geosciences SO COMPUTERS & GEOSCIENCES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Topog Engn Ctr, Alexandria, VA 22315 USA. USA, Res Off, Dept Army, Engn & Environm Sci Div,Engn Sci Directorate, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Ehlen, J (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Topog Engn Ctr, 7701 Telegraph Rd, Alexandria, VA 22315 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0098-3004 J9 COMPUT GEOSCI-UK JI Comput. Geosci. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 27 IS 8 BP 899 EP 900 DI 10.1016/S0098-3004(00)00128-X PG 2 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Computer Science; Geology GA 451QA UT WOS:000169811700001 ER PT J AU Ballenger, RG AF Ballenger, RG TI Early socialisation: Sociability and attachment SO CONTEMPORARY PSYCHOLOGY-APA REVIEW OF BOOKS LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Educ & Dev Intervent Serv, APO, AE 09177 USA. RP Ballenger, RG (reprint author), USA, Educ & Dev Intervent Serv, 235th BSB,CMR 463,Box 511,Arms Post Off AE 09177, APO, AE 09177 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 0010-7549 J9 CONTEMP PSYCHOL JI Comtemp. Psychol. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 46 IS 5 BP 495 EP 497 PG 3 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA 482KJ UT WOS:000171575100028 ER PT J AU Elston, DM AF Elston, DM TI What's eating you? Echidnophaga gallinacea (the sticktight flea) SO CUTIS LA English DT Article ID FLORIDA; DOGS; CATS C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Elston, DM (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol MCHE DD, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78134 USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU QUADRANT HEALTHCOM INC PI CHATHAM PA 26 MAIN ST, STE A, CHATHAM, NJ 07928-2402 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD OCT PY 2001 VL 68 IS 4 BP 250 EP 250 PG 1 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 487QL UT WOS:000171886700002 PM 11710441 ER PT J AU Thohan, S Zurich, MC Chung, H Weiner, M Kane, AS Rosen, GM AF Thohan, S Zurich, MC Chung, H Weiner, M Kane, AS Rosen, GM TI Tissue slices revisited: Evaluation and development of a short-term incubation for integrated drug metabolism SO DRUG METABOLISM AND DISPOSITION LA English DT Article ID RAT-LIVER SLICES; DYNAMIC ORGAN-CULTURE; MULTIWELL PLATE CULTURE; PRECISION-CUT RAT; ISOLATED HEPATOCYTES; XENOBIOTIC METABOLISM; FUNCTIONAL INTEGRITY; HEPATIC MICROSOMES; KINETICS; 7-ETHOXYCOUMARIN AB This work details the development of a model for the rapid evaluation of drug metabolism in an integrated fashion using in situ architecture of the liver. A Krumdieck tissue slicer was used to generate slices from 10-mm cores of rat liver (approximately 250-mum thick). Initial unsuccessful efforts with 6-well plate-based incubation were overcome with the use of a dynamic (rotating) incubation in 23-ml liquid scintillation vials containing titanium mesh supports for the slice. Incubation of 1 slice/5 ml of a Krebs-Henseleit solution buffered with HEPES showed a <2% increase over the initial 25% release of lactate dehydrogenase over 2 h of incubation at 37C under ambient oxygen conditions. Coupled O-dealkylase and conjugative metabolism of alkoxycoumarin derivatives was shown to be linear for both 7-methoxy- and 7-ethoxy-coumarin (100 muM) with a low amount of nonconjugated 7-hydroxycoumarin (7-HC) at all time points. Metabolic profiles for 7-methoxy- and 7-ethoxycoumarin were compared between slice and microsomal incubations generated from the same tissue. The use of 7-HC as a primary substrate not only provided an assessment of the capacity-based differences in oxidative versus conjugative metabolism but also capacity-based differences in glucuronidation and sulfation. These studies underscore the physiological fact that phase I metabolism has a lower capacity for substrate metabolism than phase II metabolism. Additionally, this technique provides a model for examination of pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic influences in the context of maintenance of the in situ architecture of the liver. C1 AstraZeneca R&D Boston, Drug Metab & Pharmacokinet, Waltham, MA 02451 USA. Zurich Toxicol Consulting, Gainesville, FL USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Vet Med, Aquat Pathobiol Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Thohan, S (reprint author), AstraZeneca R&D Boston, Drug Metab & Pharmacokinet, 35 Gatehouse Dr, Waltham, MA 02451 USA. NR 33 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC PHARMACOLOGY EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0090-9556 J9 DRUG METAB DISPOS JI Drug Metab. Dispos. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 29 IS 10 BP 1337 EP 1342 PG 6 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 476KX UT WOS:000171227200013 PM 11560878 ER PT J AU Read, J Driedger, A Foster, D Wolfenstine, J Behl, W AF Read, J Driedger, A Foster, D Wolfenstine, J Behl, W TI Low temperature performance of lambda-MnO2 in lithium primary batteries SO ELECTROCHEMICAL AND SOLID STATE LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MANGANESE-DIOXIDE; NONAQUEOUS CELL; ELECTROCHEMISTRY; DIFFUSION; REDUCTION; LIMN2O4 AB lambda -MnO2 demonstrated significantly higher energy density than the conventional heat-treated beta/gamma -MnO2 in primary lithium batteries over the temperature range -40 to +40 degreesC at all discharge rates tested. The largest performance gains were observed for temperatures below 10 degreesC and at discharge rates from 0.1 to 2.0 mA/cm(2). The. improvement in low temperature performance results mainly from the increased voltage and improved discharge kinetics on the 4 V plateau of lambda -MnO2, (C) 2001 The Electrochemical Society. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL SE DC, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Maxpower Inc, Harleyville, PA 19538 USA. RP Read, J (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL SE DC, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 12 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 16 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 1099-0062 J9 ELECTROCHEM SOLID ST JI Electrochem. Solid State Lett. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 4 IS 10 BP A162 EP A165 DI 10.1149/1.1399878 PG 4 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA 471AD UT WOS:000170903900003 ER PT J AU Rubin, C McGeehin, MA Holmes, AK Backer, L Burreson, G Earley, MC Griffith, D Levine, R Litaker, W Mei, J Naeher, L Needham, L Noga, E Poli, M Rogers, HS AF Rubin, C McGeehin, MA Holmes, AK Backer, L Burreson, G Earley, MC Griffith, D Levine, R Litaker, W Mei, J Naeher, L Needham, L Noga, E Poli, M Rogers, HS TI Emerging areas of research reported during the CDC National Conference on Pfiesteria: From biology to public health SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Editorial Material DE environmental health; estuarine ecology; harmful algae; Pfiesteria ID ESTUARY-ASSOCIATED SYNDROME; TOXIC PFIESTERIA; NORTH-CAROLINA; FISH BIOASSAY; SKIN ULCERS; PISCICIDA; DINOFLAGELLATE; EXPOSURE; COMPLEX; IDENTIFICATION AB Since its identification in 1996, the marine dinoflagellate Pfiesteria piscicida Steidinger & Burkholder has been the focus of intense scientific inquiry in disciplines ranging from estuarine ecology to epidemiology and from molecular biology to public health. Despite these research efforts, the extent of human exposure and the degree of human illness directly associated with Pfiesteria is still in the process of being defined. Unfortunately, during this same time Pfiesteria has also stimulated media coverage that in some instances jumped ahead of the science to conclude that Pfiesteria presents a widespread threat to human health. Political and economic forces also came into play when the tourism and seafood industries were adversely impacted by rumors of toxin-laden water in estuaries along the east coast of the United States. Amid this climate of evolving science and public concern, Pfiesteria has emerged as a highly controversial public health issue. In October 2000 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention sponsored the National Conference on Pfiesteria: From Biology to Public Health to bring together Pfiesteria researchers from many disparate disciplines. The goal of this meeting was to describe the state of the science and identify directions for future research. In preparation for the conference an expert peer-review panel was commissioned to review the existing literature and identify research gaps; the summary of their review is published in this monograph. During the meeting primary Pfiesteria researchers presented previously unpublished results. The majority of those presentations are included as peer-reviewed articles in this monograph. The discussion portion of the conference focused upon researcher-identified research gaps. This article details the discussion segments of the conference and makes reference to the presentations as it describes emerging areas of Pfiesteria research. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Hlth Studies Branch, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. Coll William & Mary, Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. E Carolina Univ, Inst Coastal & Marine Resources, Greenville, NC USA. Univ N Carolina, Sch Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA. Univ N Carolina, Program Mol Biol & Biotechnol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Raleigh, NC USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Rubin, C (reprint author), CDC, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-23, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM crubin@cdc.gov RI Needham, Larry/E-4930-2011 NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 EI 1552-9924 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 109 SU 5 BP 633 EP 637 DI 10.2307/3454909 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 487UN UT WOS:000171894300001 ER PT J AU Crumbling, DM Groenjes, C Lesnik, B Lynch, K Shockley, J van Ee, J Howe, R Keith, L McKenna, J AF Crumbling, DM Groenjes, C Lesnik, B Lynch, K Shockley, J van Ee, J Howe, R Keith, L McKenna, J TI Managing uncertainty SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 US EPA, Technol Innovat Off, Washington, DC 20460 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Ctr Expertise, HTRW, Omaha, NE USA. US EPA, Off Solid Waster Methods Team, Washington, DC 20460 USA. USACE, Seattle, WA USA. US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. TetraTech EM Inc, Denver, CO USA. New Jersey Inst Technol, NE Hazardous Subst Res Ctr, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. RP Crumbling, DM (reprint author), US EPA, Technol Innovat Off, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 12 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD OCT 1 PY 2001 VL 35 IS 19 BP 404A EP 409A DI 10.1021/es012490g PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 478NP UT WOS:000171352500009 PM 11642468 ER PT J AU Isenbarger, DW Hien, BT Ha, HT Ha, TT Bodhidatta, L Pang, LW Cam, PD AF Isenbarger, DW Hien, BT Ha, HT Ha, TT Bodhidatta, L Pang, LW Cam, PD TI Prospective study of the incidence of diarrhoea and prevalence of bacterial pathogens in a cohort of Vietnamese children along the Red River SO EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Article ID SHIGELLA INFECTIONS; COMMUNITY AB We prospectively studied diarrhoea incidence among 1655 children < 5 years of age in northern Vietnam for 1 year using primarily passive surveillance. Standard culture methods were used to detect bacterial pathogens. Overall 2160 cases occurred (1.3 cases/child per year). Peak rates of diarrhoea occurred in children < 12 months old. Rates ranged from 3.3 cases/child per year in children < 1 year old, to 0.7 cases/child per year in 4-year-olds. Campylobacter, shigella and enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli were most commonly isolated. Rates detected by active surveillance were about twice those detected passively. S. flexneri was the most common shigella serogroup (65%). S. flexneri serotypes 6, 4, 1 and Y were most common, but 40% were untypable using commercial antisera. The data illustrate important regional differences in pathogen prevalence and shigella serotype distribution. Shigella vaccine development strategies, commonly targeting S. flexneri 2a, S. sonnei and S. dysenteriae 1, will have little impact on diarrhoea rates in Vietnam. C1 Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Enter Dis, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Enter Infect, Washington, DC USA. Natl Inst Hyg & Epidemiol, Dept Microbiol, Hanoi, Vietnam. RP Isenbarger, DW (reprint author), WRAIR, Dept Enter Infect, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 24 TC 31 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 2 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4221 USA SN 0950-2688 J9 EPIDEMIOL INFECT JI Epidemiol. Infect. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 127 IS 2 BP 229 EP 236 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 493WK UT WOS:000172246300007 PM 11693500 ER PT J AU Valiyaveettil, M Achur, RN Alkhalil, A Ockenhouse, CF Gowda, DC AF Valiyaveettil, M Achur, RN Alkhalil, A Ockenhouse, CF Gowda, DC TI Plasmodium falciparum cytoadherence to human placenta: Evaluation of hyaluronic acid and chondroitin 4-sulfate for binding of infected erythrocytes SO EXPERIMENTAL PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Plasmodium falciparum; chondroitin 4-sulfate; hyaluronic acid; placental adherence; infected red blood cells; chondroitin sulfated; chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan; proteoglycan; chondroitin 4-sulfate; glycosaminoglycan; hyaluronic acid; human umbilical cord; bovine vitreous humor; bovine serum albumin; glucosamine; galactosamine; polyvinylidene difluoride; N-alpha-toSyl-L-lysine chloromethyl ketone; N-tosyl-L-phenylalanine chloromethyl ketone; phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride; N-ethylmaleimide; polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis ID INTERCELLULAR-ADHESION MOLECULE-1; MICROVASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; SULFATE-A; MEMBRANE PROTEIN-1; ALCIAN BLUE; RECEPTOR; MALARIA; ADHERENCE; CD36; IDENTIFICATION AB Chondroitin 4-sulfate (C4S) is known to mediate the adherence of Plasmodium falciparum infected red blood cells (IRBCs) to human placenta. Recently, hyaluronic acid (HA) has also been reported to bind IRBCs, and HA has been suggested as an additional receptor for the sequestration of IRBCs in the placenta. In this study, we assessed the adherence of 3D7 parasite strain, which has been reported to bind both C4S and HA, using highly purified clinical grade rooster comb HA, Streptococcus HA, several preparations of human umbilical cord HA (hucHA), and bovine vitreous humor HA (bvhHA). While all hucHA preparations and bvhHA bound with moderate to high density to IRBCs, the rooster comb and bacterial HAS did not bind IRBCs. IRBCs binding to the hucHA and bvhHA could be abolished by pretreatment with testicular hyaluronidase but not with Streptomyces hyalurolyticus hyaluronidase, suggesting that IRBC binding to hucHA and bvhHA was due to chondroitin sulfate (CS) contaminants in HAS. Compositional analysis confirmed the presence of CS in both hucHA and bvhHA. The CSs present in these commercial hucHA and bvhHA samples were isolated, characterized. and studied for their ability to bind IRBCs. The data suggested that IRBC adherence to hucHA and bvhHA was mediated by the CS present in these samples. However, our data did not exclude the possibility of a minor population of distinct parasite subtype adhering to HA and further studies using pure HA conjugated to proteins or lipids and placental parasite isolates should clarify whether HA is an in vivo receptor for IRBC adherence. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science. C1 Georgetown Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Washington, DC 20007 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Gowda, DC (reprint author), Georgetown Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, 3900 Reservoir Rd NW, Washington, DC 20007 USA. EM gowda@bc.georgetown.edu FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI45086] NR 50 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0014-4894 EI 1090-2449 J9 EXP PARASITOL JI Exp. Parasitol. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 99 IS 2 BP 57 EP 65 DI 10.1006/expr.2001.4642 PG 9 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 506UL UT WOS:000172990100001 PM 11748958 ER PT J AU Crawford, JH Davis, DD Chen, G Buhr, M Oltmans, S Weller, R Mauldin, L Eisele, F Shetter, R Lefer, B Arimoto, R Hogan, A AF Crawford, JH Davis, DD Chen, G Buhr, M Oltmans, S Weller, R Mauldin, L Eisele, F Shetter, R Lefer, B Arimoto, R Hogan, A TI Evidence for photochemical production of ozone at the South Pole surface SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID TROPOSPHERIC OZONE; ANTARCTICA; SNOW AB Observations of OH, NO, and actinic flux at the South Pole surface during December 1998 suggest a surprisingly active photochemical environment which should result in photochemical production of ozone. Long-term South Pole in situ ozone data as well as sonde data also appear to support this conclusion. Other possible factors contributing to ozone variability such as stratospheric influence and the origin of air transported to the South Pole are also explored. Based on box model calculations it is estimated that photochemistry could add 2.2 to 3.6 ppbv/day of ozone to surface air parcels residing on the Antarctic polar plateau. Although the oxidizing potential of the polar plateau appears to be exceptionally high for a remote site, it is unlikely that it has a significant impact on surrounding regions such as the Southern Ocean and the Antarctic free troposphere. These new findings do suggest, however, that the enhanced oxidizing power of the polar plateau may need to be considered in interpreting the chemical history of climate proxy species in ice cores. C1 NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. NOAA, Climate Monitoring & Diagnost Lab, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. Alfred Wegener Inst Polar & Marine Res, D-27570 Bremerhaven, Germany. Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Div Atmospher Chem, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. New Mexico State Univ, Carlsbad Environm Monitoring & Res Ctr, Carlsbad, NM 88220 USA. USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Sonoma Technol Inc, Golden, CO USA. RP Crawford, JH (reprint author), NASA, Langley Res Ctr, 21 Langley Blvd, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. RI Crawford, James/L-6632-2013; Lefer, Barry/B-5417-2012 OI Crawford, James/0000-0002-6982-0934; Lefer, Barry/0000-0001-9520-5495 NR 14 TC 60 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD OCT 1 PY 2001 VL 28 IS 19 BP 3641 EP 3644 DI 10.1029/2001GL013055 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 476GF UT WOS:000171217300005 ER PT J AU Krivak, TC Seidman, JD McBroom, JW MacKoul, PJ Aye, LM Rose, GS AF Krivak, TC Seidman, JD McBroom, JW MacKoul, PJ Aye, LM Rose, GS TI Uterine adenosarcoma with sarcomatous overgrowth versus uterine carcinosarcoma: Comparison of treatment and survival SO GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE uterine cancer; adenosarcoma; uterine sarcoma ID GYNECOLOGIC-ONCOLOGY-GROUP; MULLERIAN ADENOSARCOMA; CLINICOPATHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS; UTERUS AB Objective. Uterine adenosarcoma with sarcomatous overgrowth (ASSO) is a rare variant of uterine sarcoma first described in 1989. This clinicopathologic study was undertaken to compare the treatment and survival of uterine adenosarcoma with sarcomatous overgrowth to that of uterine carcinosarcomas. Methods. A review of uterine sarcomas diagnosed at Washington Hospital Center from January 1988 to December 1998 was performed. Records were reviewed for demographic data, surgical staging, primary and adjuvant therapy, metastatic site, disease recurrence, and survival. All pathology was reviewed and diagnosis confirmed. Statistical analysis included chi (2) test and Student's t test. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were plotted to estimate the median and 5-year survival times. The log-rank test was used to compare survival times. A P value <0.05 was considered significant. Results. Sixty patients were diagnosed with uterine sarcoma at Washington Hospital Center. Of these, 33 (55%) were uterine carcinosarcomas, 11 (18%) ASSOs, 6 (10%) adenosarcomas, and 10 (17%) leiomyosarcomas. Of the patients diagnosed with uterine ASSO, 3 (27%) were stage I, 3 (27%) stage II, 1 (9%) stage III, and 4 (36%) stage IV. All 11 patients with uterine ASSO underwent total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and tumor debulking. Postoperative adjuvant therapy included chemotherapy (n=4), radiation (n=4), combination radiation and chemotherapy (n=1), and no adjuvant therapy (n=2). The overall median survival time of patients with uterine ASSO was 13 months. Nine of eleven patients are dead of disease, and two patients (both with stage I) are alive without evidence of disease at 18 and 19 months. Thirty-three patients with carcinosarcoma were identified, with follow-up available on 29 patients. Of these, 10 (34%) were stage I, 6 (22%) stage II, 3 (10%) stage III, and 10 (34%) stage IV. Twenty-seven of the twenty-nine patients diagnosed with carcinosarcoma. underwent surgical therapy to include total abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, staging and tumor debulking. Two patients died chemotherapy (n=9), radiation (n=13), combination (n=1), and no further therapy (n=4). Twenty of the twenty-nine patients are dead of disease; there were nine surviving patients at the time of this report (stage I-5, stage II-3, stage III-1). The median survival of these patients was 31 months, with an overall 5-year survival of 22%. Comparison of the Kaplan-Meier survival curves using the log-rank test suggests a worse prognosis for uterine ASSO. However, this did not reach statistical significance (P=0.0522). Conclusions. Patients diagnosed with uterine ASSO have a poor prognosis similar to that of carcinosarcoma. Management should include complete surgical staging. Additional therapy in the form of radiation, chemotherapy, or both has been reported; however, the superiority of one modality could not be determined from our data. (C) 2001 Academic Press. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Gynecol Oncol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Washington Hosp Ctr, Dept Pathol, Washington, DC 20010 USA. Washington Hosp Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Gynecol Oncol, Washington, DC 20010 USA. RP Rose, GS (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Gynecol Oncol, 6900 Georgia Ave, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 16 TC 40 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0090-8258 J9 GYNECOL ONCOL JI Gynecol. Oncol. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 83 IS 1 BP 89 EP 94 DI 10.1006/gyno.2001.6334 PG 6 WC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 482BX UT WOS:000171555900013 PM 11585418 ER PT J AU Lawitz, EJ Jeffries, MA Cantu, NS Kadakia, SC AF Lawitz, EJ Jeffries, MA Cantu, NS Kadakia, SC CA Alamo Study Grp TI Pegylated interferon alfa 2b (PEG-IFN) and ribavirin for hepatitis C patients who were previous nonresponders to standard combination therapy: 24 week viral clearance. SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD OCT PY 2001 VL 34 IS 4 SU S MA 664 BP 338A EP 338A PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 476KE UT WOS:000171224700659 ER PT J AU Sjogren, MH Holtzmuller, K Sjogren, RW AF Sjogren, MH Holtzmuller, K Sjogren, RW TI Improved antiviral sustained response when combining consensus interferon and ribavirin for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C. SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Kaiser Permanente Mid Atlantic, Falls Church, VA USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD OCT PY 2001 VL 34 IS 4 SU S MA 666 BP 338A EP 338A PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 476KE UT WOS:000171224700660 ER PT J AU Hong, Z Zhong, WD Hamatake, R Tam, R Lai, VC Ramasamy, K Cheney, W Zhang, ZJ Raney, A Horscroft, N Huggins, J Lau, JY AF Hong, Z Zhong, WD Hamatake, R Tam, R Lai, VC Ramasamy, K Cheney, W Zhang, ZJ Raney, A Horscroft, N Huggins, J Lau, JY TI Antiviral activities of new generation of ribavirin analogs: Levovirin and viramidine. SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ICN Pharmaceut, Costa Mesa, CA USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD OCT PY 2001 VL 34 IS 4 SU S MA 972 BP 415A EP 415A PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 476KE UT WOS:000171224700966 ER PT J AU Lawitz, EJ Hepburn, M Cantu, NS Hepburn, LM Kadakia, SC AF Lawitz, EJ Hepburn, M Cantu, NS Hepburn, LM Kadakia, SC TI African Americans have a lower viral clearance rate with combination interferon and ribavirin therapy for Hepatitis C: Results of two multi-center trials. SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD OCT PY 2001 VL 34 IS 4 SU S MA 1000 BP 422A EP 422A PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 476KE UT WOS:000171224700993 ER PT J AU Sjogren, MH Valente, PA Smith, M Holtzmuller, K AF Sjogren, MH Valente, PA Smith, M Holtzmuller, K TI Effect of age on disease progression in chronic hepatitis C. SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD OCT PY 2001 VL 34 IS 4 SU S MA 1573 BP 565A EP 565A PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 476KE UT WOS:000171224701563 ER PT J AU Lawitz, EJ Kadakia, SC Kelly, R Chalumeau, BE AF Lawitz, EJ Kadakia, SC Kelly, R Chalumeau, BE TI Prevelence of hepatits C in Cap Haitian, Haiti. SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Baynes Jones Med Ctr, Ft Polk, LA USA. Hop Univ Justinien, Cap Haitian, Haiti. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD OCT PY 2001 VL 34 IS 4 SU S MA 1579 BP 567A EP 567A PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 476KE UT WOS:000171224701570 ER PT J AU Lawitz, EJ Cantu, NS Kadakia, SC AF Lawitz, EJ Cantu, NS Kadakia, SC CA Alamo Study Grp TI Continuous combination therapy induces viral clearance in hepatitis C patients who were previous nonresponders to standard combination therapy. SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD OCT PY 2001 VL 34 IS 4 SU S MA 1644 BP 583A EP 583A PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 476KE UT WOS:000171224701636 ER PT J AU Jacobson, I Brown, R Bernstein, D Bruno, C Spivey, J Lawitz, E Afdhal, N Flamm, S Freilich, B Pizov, O Russo, M Brass, C AF Jacobson, I Brown, R Bernstein, D Bruno, C Spivey, J Lawitz, E Afdhal, N Flamm, S Freilich, B Pizov, O Russo, M Brass, C TI Pegylated interferon alfa-2b and fixed versus weight-based ribavirin dosing for treatment naive patients with chronic hepatitis C. SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Cornell Univ, Weill Med Coll, New York, NY USA. Columbia Univ, Coll Phys & Surg, New York, NY USA. N Shore Med Ctr, Manhasset, NY USA. Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. Mayo Clin, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Beth Israel Med Ctr, Boston, MA USA. Northwestern Univ, Chicago, NY USA. Baptist Med Ctr, Kansas City, MO USA. Schering Plough Corp, Kenilworth, NJ 07033 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD OCT PY 2001 VL 34 IS 4 SU S MA 1648 BP 584A EP 584A PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 476KE UT WOS:000171224701640 ER PT J AU Lawitz, EJ Cantu, NS Kadakia, SC AF Lawitz, EJ Cantu, NS Kadakia, SC CA Alamo Study Grp TI Continuous combination therapy in treatment naive patients with chronic hepatitis C. SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Alamo Study Grp, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD OCT PY 2001 VL 34 IS 4 SU S MA 1651 BP 585A EP 585A PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 476KE UT WOS:000171224701642 ER PT J AU Steevens, JA Summers, JK Benson, WH AF Steevens, JA Summers, JK Benson, WH TI Assessing stressors in coastal ecosystems: An approach to the patient SO HUMAN AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Symposium of EPA and the National Health and Environmental Effects Laboratory CY JUN 06-08, 2000 CL TRIANGLE PARK, NORTH CAROLINA SP EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab DE ecosystem assessment; monitoring; medicine; Gulf of Mexico AB Medicine employs an approach to diagnose, give a prognosis, and develop a treatment for human patients. Specific signs and symptoms determined from medical examinations, laboratory tests, and patient history are utilized to predict the outcome of a potential pathological disorder. Utilizing a strategy similar to the medical examination, the status of ecosystems can be examined. To demonstrate this concept a "patient" case study of the Gulf of Mexico is described. The diagnosis of potential abnormalities within the Gulf of Mexico was conducted by examining field indicators including sediment chemistry and tissue chemistry (field examinations), sediment toxicity (laboratory testing), and a benthic index (patient history and existing symptoms). Based on the diagnosis (ecological assessment), a prognosis for the Gulf of Mexico was determined and specific areas that are impacted by stressors. were identified for more detailed assessments. Pensacola Bay was identified as such an area impacted by stressors. The case study example demonstrates that a medical approach of "diagnosis and prognosis" can be utilized as a strategy to help identify stressors, develop a successful treatment plan, and prevent future ecosystem degradation. C1 USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. US EPA, Gulf Ecol Div, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. RP Steevens, JA (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU CRC PRESS LLC PI BOCA RATON PA 2000 CORPORATE BLVD NW, JOURNALS CUSTOMER SERVICE, BOCA RATON, FL 33431 USA SN 1080-7039 J9 HUM ECOL RISK ASSESS JI Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 7 IS 5 BP 1447 EP 1455 DI 10.1080/20018091095122 PG 9 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 492CF UT WOS:000172149200036 ER PT J AU Jaye, M Badiey, M Siegmann, WL AF Jaye, M Badiey, M Siegmann, WL TI Geoacoustic profile estimation using empirical orthogonal functions for propagation applications SO IEEE JOURNAL OF OCEANIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE broadband; empirical orthogonal functions; geoacoustic interpolation; shallow water; stochastic propagation; transmission loss statistics ID STATION AGS SITE; SHALLOW-WATER; ACOUSTIC PROPAGATION; PARABOLIC EQUATION; WAVE-PROPAGATION; OCEAN; PREDICTABILITY; APPROXIMATIONS; BOTTOM AB The use of empirical orthogonal functions (EOFs) for the direct estimation of sediment sound speed, density and attenuation profiles is described, when extensive data sets such as those from the Atlantic Generating Station (AGS) site are available. Interpolations are generated based on minimizing mean square errors and their construction is modified here to incorporate lateral terrain orientations as occur at the AGS site. Uncertainties in the geoacoustic fields can then be modeled by stochastic variations of the EOF coefficients. The field representations are used to produce gcoacoustic input for propagation calculations for fluid or elastic sediment models in the AGS region. Statistics of transmission loss (TL) variations are discussed in terms of geoacoustic variability, source frequency and resolution provided by the number of interpolating EOFs. Preliminary results show that sediment sound speed uncertainties can produce a significant uncertainty envelope for TL predictions in the AGS area. C1 Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Math Sci, Troy, NY 12180 USA. Univ Delaware, Grad Coll Marine Studies, Newark, DE 19716 USA. RP Jaye, M (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Math Sci, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RI Badiey, Mohsen/H-3943-2012 NR 41 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0364-9059 J9 IEEE J OCEANIC ENG JI IEEE J. Ocean. Eng. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 26 IS 4 BP 795 EP 808 DI 10.1109/48.972120 PG 14 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA 504FC UT WOS:000172845800036 ER PT J AU Guo, B Yan, L Menyuk, CR AF Guo, B Yan, L Menyuk, CR TI Active mode locking with hybrid lasers SO IEEE JOURNAL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE lasers; mode-locked lasers; numerical analysis; optical pulse generation; ultrafast optics ID INHOMOGENEOUSLY BROADENED LASERS; NEODYMIUM LASER; GLASS-LASER AB We present the results of a numerical study of active mode locking with hybrid lasers which contain an inhomogeneously broadened laser medium and a homogeneously broadened laser medium. The spectral, pulse, and gain characteristics of actively mode-locked hybrid lasers and the influence of the unsaturated gain, the saturation power, and the homogeneous linewidth on the pulse coherence and bandwidth are studied. The simulations show that coherent and shorter pulses are generated as compared to that by either an inhomogeneously broadened medium or a homogeneously broadened medium alone. Varying the unsaturated gain or the saturation power of the gain medium are two equivalent ways to obtain the same maximal coherent pulse bandwidth for given gain media. When different gain media can be selected, a larger pulse bandwidth can be obtained with the use of a broadband homogeneously broadened medium. C1 USARL, Lab Telecommun Sci, Adelphi Lab Ctr, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Comp Sci & Elect Engn, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RP Guo, B (reprint author), Cel Networks Inc, Richardson, TX 75082 USA. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9197 J9 IEEE J QUANTUM ELECT JI IEEE J. Quantum Electron. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 37 IS 10 BP 1265 EP 1272 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA 476QK UT WOS:000171240100005 ER PT J AU Prather, DW Venkataraman, S Lecompte, M Kiamilev, F Mait, JN Simonis, GJ AF Prather, DW Venkataraman, S Lecompte, M Kiamilev, F Mait, JN Simonis, GJ TI Optoelectronic multichip module integration for chip level optical interconnects SO IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE diffractive optics; flip-chip bonding; multichip module; optical interconnects; vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers AB We have integrated an 850-nm vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL), its driver, and a diffractive lenslet array onto a single substrate to produce an integrated optoelectronic multichip module for signal fan-out and distribution. The diffractive element performs optical fan-out of the output beam from the VCSEL into an array of focused spots at a plane 1,416 mum from the surface of the VCSEL. This corresponds to 160 mum from the surface of the diffractive lens. System design, fabrication, integration, and experimental characterization is presented. C1 Univ Delaware, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Prather, DW (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. NR 8 TC 12 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 1041-1135 J9 IEEE PHOTONIC TECH L JI IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 13 IS 10 BP 1112 EP 1114 DI 10.1109/68.950752 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA 473PF UT WOS:000171054000022 ER PT J AU Guo, SM Shieh, LS Chen, GR Coleman, NP AF Guo, SM Shieh, LS Chen, GR Coleman, NP TI Observer-type Kalman innovation filter for uncertain linear systems SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS LA English DT Article AB An observer-type of Kalman innovation filtering algorithm to find a practically implementable "best" Kalman filter, and such an algorithm based on the evolutionary programming (EP) optima-search technique, are proposed, for linear discrete-time systems with time-invariant unknown-but-bounded plant and noise uncertainties. The worst-case parameter set from the stochastic uncertain system represented by the Interval form with respect to the implemented "best" filter is also found in this work for demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed filtering scheme. The new EP-based algorithm utilizes the global optima-searching capability of EP to find the optimal Kalman filter and state estimates at every iteration, which include both the best possible worst case interval and the optimal nominal trajectory of the Kalman filtering estimates of the system state vectors. Simulation results are included to show that the new algorithm yields more accurate estimates and is less conservative as compared with other related robust filtering schemes. C1 Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Dept Comp Sci & Informat Engn, Tainan 701, Taiwan. Univ Houston, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Houston, TX 77204 USA. USA, Armament Ctr, Dover, NJ 07801 USA. RP Guo, SM (reprint author), Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Dept Comp Sci & Informat Engn, Tainan 701, Taiwan. OI Chen, Guanrong/0000-0003-1381-7418 NR 22 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9251 J9 IEEE T AERO ELEC SYS JI IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 37 IS 4 BP 1406 EP 1418 DI 10.1109/7.976975 PG 13 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 509MA UT WOS:000173150500022 ER PT J AU Singh, VP Aguilera, A Garcia, A Morton, DC AF Singh, VP Aguilera, A Garcia, A Morton, DC TI Modeling of electron transport and lumininance in SrS : Cu, Ag ACTFEL display devices SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES LA English DT Article ID FILM ELECTROLUMINESCENT DEVICES AB Transient and steady state responses of luminance and current in SrS : Cu, Ag, ac thin film electroluminescent (ACTFEL) display devices were measured and analyzed. The results indicated the importance of bulk space charge, which was attributed to ionized activators in the bulk phosphor layer. For dented voltage pulse excitation, four luminance peaks were observed. These were labeled as the leading edge (LE) peak, dent peak, beginning of trailing edge (BTE) peak and the middle of trailing edge (MTE) peak. Ionized activators play an important role not only in affecting the net phosphor field but also in the device luminance during the trailing as well as the leading edges of the voltage pulse. It is shown that the dent peak and the BTE are due to a bulk recombination process instead of the backflow from the anodic interface. The luminance behavior of the device can be understood in terms of the bulk dipoles in the phosphor layer. A bulk dipole consists of a positively charged ionized Cu activator and a "daughter" trap (negatively charged) in its vicinity. A physical model for various optoelectronic processes is presented. The model can explain experimental data in a qualitative fashion. C1 Univ Kentucky, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. Hewlett Packard Corp, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. Adv Micro Devices Inc, Austin, TX 78701 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Singh, VP (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. RI Morton, David/K-2388-2014 NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9383 J9 IEEE T ELECTRON DEV JI IEEE Trans. Electron Devices PD OCT PY 2001 VL 48 IS 10 BP 2242 EP 2248 DI 10.1109/16.954461 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 478MH UT WOS:000171349600010 ER PT J AU He, JQ Geng, N Nguyen, L Carin, L AF He, JQ Geng, N Nguyen, L Carin, L TI Rigorous modeling of ultrawideband VHF scattering from tree trunks over flat and sloped terrain SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID FAST-MULTIPOLE ALGORITHM; ELECTROMAGNETIC SCATTERING; ARBITRARY SHAPE; CYLINDERS; SURFACES AB Three electromagnetic models are employed for the investigation of ultrawideband VHF scattering from tree trunks situated over flat and sloped terrain. Two of the models are numerical, each employing a frequency-domain integral-equation formulation solved via the method of moments (MoM). A body-of-revolution (BoR) MoM formulation is applied for a tree trunk on a flat terrain, implying that the BoR axis is perpendicular to the layers of an arbitrary layered-earth model. For the case of sloped terrain, the BoR model is inapplicable, and therefore the MoM solution is performed via general triangular-patch basis functions. Both MoM models are very accurate but are computationally expensive. Consequently, we also consider a third model, employing approximations based on the closed-form solution for scattering from an infinite dielectric cylinder in free space. The third model is highly efficient computationally and, despite the significant approximations, often yields accurate results relative to data computed via the reference MoM solutions. Data from the three models are considered, and several examples of application to remote sensing are addressed. C1 Duke Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Univ Karlsruhe, Inst Microwaves & Elect, Karlsruhe, Germany. USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, SE,RU, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP He, JQ (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Durham, NC 27708 USA. NR 25 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0196-2892 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD OCT PY 2001 VL 39 IS 10 BP 2182 EP 2193 DI 10.1109/36.957281 PG 12 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 484FW UT WOS:000171680400010 ER PT J AU Curtis, JO AF Curtis, JO TI A durable laboratory apparatus for the measurement of soil dielectric properties SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT LA English DT Article DE dielectric measurements; scattering parameters; soils; transmission/reflection apparatus ID MICROWAVE-FREQUENCIES; WATER; PERMITTIVITY; BEHAVIOR; RANGE AB A coaxial transmission/reflection measurement system is described which has been used to collect complex dielectric property data for soils. Measurement variables include frequency (45 MHz-26.5 GHz), sample temperature, moisture content, and sample density (the last two accurately determined through mass and volume measurements). The system is shown to adequately measure the properties of pure water and air. Representative soil data are also shown for a clean sand and a very wet clay. C1 USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Curtis, JO (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 32 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9456 J9 IEEE T INSTRUM MEAS JI IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 50 IS 5 BP 1364 EP 1369 DI 10.1109/19.963211 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 489NN UT WOS:000171997900057 ER PT J AU Kaldjian, EP Gretz, JE Anderson, AO Shi, YH Shaw, S AF Kaldjian, EP Gretz, JE Anderson, AO Shi, YH Shaw, S TI Spatial and molecular organization of lymph node T cell cortex: a labyrinthine cavity bounded by an epithelium-like monolayer of fibroblastic reticular cells anchored to basement membrane-like extracellular matrix SO INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE T lymphocyte migration; lymph node; microanatomy; extracellular matrix; fibroblastic reticular cell ID HIGH-ENDOTHELIAL VENULES; III PN-COLLAGEN; IV-COLLAGEN; MICROSCOPIC LOCALIZATION; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; DENDRITIC CELLS; CARCINOMA-CELLS; TENASCIN; LAMININ; RAT AB Naive T cells encounter antigen-presenting cells within the cortex of lymph nodes to initiate primary immune responses. Within this T cell cortex is the reticular network (RN)-a system of collagen fibers and extracellular matrix (ECM) wrapped by fibroblastic reticular cells (FRC). We have investigated the distribution of various molecules, including ECM proteins and proteoglycans, in the T cell cortex of both human and rodent lymph node. We confirm and extend reports of matrix elements in the RN. In addition, we find that staining for the laminin-alpha3 chain and for tenascin reveals a 'hollow' reticular pattern, consistent with localization to the basement membrane-like covering of reticular fibers. In contrast, keratan sulfate is observed in a fine linear pattern within the RN, suggesting it is localized to the core of the fibers. Staining with the marker ER-TR7 indicates that FRC cover all identifiable ECM surfaces of the T cell cortex. Based on these findings and previous reports, we conclude that cortical lymphocytes migrate within a 'labyrinthine cavity' free of fibrillar ECM, distinguishing the T cell cortex from other loose connective tissues, and that the FRC lining of the cavity constitutes an epithelium-like boundary. We propose that this spatial organization facilitates ameboid leukocyte crawling along preformed paths of least resistance and that the basement membrane-like ECM of the FRC may facilitate fluid transport within the RN by limiting leakage from the fiber. C1 NCI, Expt Immunol Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Pfizer Global Res & Dev, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Shaw, S (reprint author), NCI, Expt Immunol Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NR 71 TC 99 Z9 101 U1 0 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0953-8178 J9 INT IMMUNOL JI Int. Immunol. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 13 IS 10 BP 1243 EP 1253 DI 10.1093/intimm/13.10.1243 PG 11 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 484MB UT WOS:000171693200004 PM 11581169 ER PT J AU O'Hara, MA Anderson, RT Brown, D AF O'Hara, MA Anderson, RT Brown, D TI Magnetic resonance imaging in ophthalmoplegic migraine of children SO JOURNAL OF AAPOS LA English DT Article ID TOLOSA-HUNT SYNDROME; OCULOMOTOR NERVE PALSY; CHILDHOOD; ENHANCEMENT; MRI AB Purpose: To present 2 children with ophthalmoplegic migraine and characteristic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings post enhancement with gadopentetate dimeglumine diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (Gd-DTPA). Methods:Two patients, ages 3 years and 7 years, underwent MRI during the acute phases of a recurring oculomotor palsy. MRI was repeated several weeks later as symptoms resolved. Results: In both cases, enhancement and thickening of the cisternal segment of the oculomotor nerve were present at initial presentation. Ophthalmoplegia resolved spontaneously in 1 child and after steroid treatment in the other. Both postresolution Mills demonstrated decrease in enhancement and thickening of the third nerve. Conclusions. The enhancing, thickened lesion identified on MRI in our patients may represent an inflammatory process similar to Tolosa-Hunt syndrome occurring in the interpeduncular segment of the oculomotor nerve. Patients with ophthalmoplegic migraine may, therefore, benefit from the use of steroids. MRI of the brain post enhancement is a useful adjunct in the diagnosis and treatment of ophthalmoplegic migraine and should be considered as part of a workup of ophthalmoplegic migraine in children. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, F Edward Hebert Sch Med, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, San Antonio, TX USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, San Antonio, TX USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, San Antonio, TX USA. RP O'Hara, MA (reprint author), 3726 Hundred Oaks, San Antonio, TX 78217 USA. NR 25 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 1091-8531 J9 J AAPOS JI J. AAPOS PD OCT PY 2001 VL 5 IS 5 BP 307 EP 310 DI 10.1067/mpa.2001.118670 PG 4 WC Ophthalmology; Pediatrics SC Ophthalmology; Pediatrics GA 488FN UT WOS:000171925700008 PM 11641641 ER PT J AU Lyons, TP Okano, CK Kuhnle, JA Bruins, MR Darwin, WD Moolchan, ET Huestis, MA AF Lyons, TP Okano, CK Kuhnle, JA Bruins, MR Darwin, WD Moolchan, ET Huestis, MA TI A comparison of Roche Kinetic Interaction of Microparticles in Solution (KIMS (R)) assay for cannabinoids and GC-MS analysis for 11-nor-9-carboxy-Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID EMIT-II; IMMUNOASSAY; METABOLITES; MARIJUANA; ONLINE; URINE C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Forens Toxicol Drug Testing Lab, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NIDA, IRP, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA. RP Lyons, TP (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Forens Toxicol Drug Testing Lab, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 15 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU PRESTON PUBLICATIONS INC PI NILES PA 7800 MERRIMAC AVE PO BOX 48312, NILES, IL 60648 USA SN 0146-4760 J9 J ANAL TOXICOL JI J. Anal. Toxicol. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 25 IS 7 BP 559 EP 564 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Toxicology GA 478JY UT WOS:000171344300012 PM 11599600 ER PT J AU Kuhnle, JA Churley, M Kawasaki, SY Lyons, TP Bruins, MR AF Kuhnle, JA Churley, M Kawasaki, SY Lyons, TP Bruins, MR TI Extraction of benzoylecgonine from urine specimens with Cerex Polycrom (TM) Clin II solid-phase extraction columns and the Speedisk (TM) Pressure Processor SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Tripler Forens Toxicol Drug Testing Lab, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Lyons, TP (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Tripler Forens Toxicol Drug Testing Lab, Bldg 40,1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 9 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU PRESTON PUBLICATIONS INC PI NILES PA 7800 MERRIMAC AVE PO BOX 48312, NILES, IL 60648 USA SN 0146-4760 J9 J ANAL TOXICOL JI J. Anal. Toxicol. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 25 IS 7 BP 616 EP 620 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Toxicology GA 478JY UT WOS:000171344300022 PM 11599610 ER PT J AU Prior, RG Klasson, L Larsson, P Williams, K Lindler, L Sjostedt, A Svensson, T Tamas, I Wren, BW Oyston, PCF Andersson, SGE Titball, RW AF Prior, RG Klasson, L Larsson, P Williams, K Lindler, L Sjostedt, A Svensson, T Tamas, I Wren, BW Oyston, PCF Andersson, SGE Titball, RW TI Preliminary analysis and annotation of the partial genome sequence of Francisella tularensis strain Schu 4 SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd Conference on Dangerous Pathogens 2000 CY SEP 04-07, 2000 CL UNIV PLYMOUTH, PLYMOUTH, ENGLAND HO UNIV PLYMOUTH ID LIVE VACCINE; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; TULAREMIA; IDENTIFICATION; PROTEIN; IMMUNITY; MUTANT; TICKS; GENE; LIPOPROTEIN AB Francisella tularensis, the aetiological agent of tularemia, is an important pathogen throughout much of the Northern hemisphere. We have carried out sample sequencing of its genome in order to gain a greater insight into this organism about which very little is known, especially at the genetic level. Nucleotide sequence data from a genomic DNA shotgun library of the virulent F. tularensis strain Schu 4 has been partially assembled to provide 1.83 Mb of the genome sequence. A preliminary analysis of the F. tularensis genome sequence has been performed and the data compared with 20 fully sequenced and annotated bacterial genomes. Plasmid-encoded genes, previously isolated from low virulence strains of F. tularensis, were not identified. A total of 1289 potential coding ORFs were identified in the data set., An analysis of this data revealed 413 ORFs which would encode proteins with no homology to known proteins. ORFs which could encode proteins involved in amino acid and purine biosynthesis were also identified. These biosynthetic pathways provide targets for the construction of a defined attenuated mutant of F. tularensis for use as a vaccine against tularemia. C1 Def Evaluat & Res Agcy, CBD Porton Down, Salisbury SP4 0JQ, Wilts, England. Uppsala Univ, Dept Mol Evolut, Uppsala, Sweden. Natl Def Res Estab, Umea, Sweden. London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Infect & Trop Dis, London WC1, England. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Bacterial Dis, Washington, DC USA. Umea Univ, Dept Clin Microbiol, Umea, Sweden. RP Titball, RW (reprint author), Def Evaluat & Res Agcy, CBD Porton Down, Salisbury SP4 0JQ, Wilts, England. NR 38 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 3 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1364-5072 J9 J APPL MICROBIOL JI J. Appl. Microbiol. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 91 IS 4 BP 614 EP 620 DI 10.1046/j.1365-2672.2001.01499.x PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 477YZ UT WOS:000171315300009 PM 11576297 ER PT J AU Muza, SR Rock, PB Fulco, CS Zamudio, S Braun, B Cymerman, A Butterfield, GE Moore, LG AF Muza, SR Rock, PB Fulco, CS Zamudio, S Braun, B Cymerman, A Butterfield, GE Moore, LG TI Women at altitude: ventilatory acclimatization at 4,300 m SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE hypoxia; control of breathing; progesterone; estrogen; menstrual cycle ID NEURAL OUTPUT RESPONSIVENESS; MENSTRUAL-CYCLE PHASE; FEMALE HORMONES; EXERCISE PERFORMANCE; HYPOXIA; PROGESTERONE; PREGNANCY; SENSITIVITY; HYPERCAPNIA; DRIVES AB Women living at low altitudes or acclimatized to high altitudes have greater effective ventilation in the luteal (L) compared with follicular (F) menstrual cycle phase and compared with men. We hypothesized that ventilatory acclimatization to high altitude would occur more quickly and to a greater degree in 1) women in their L compared with women in their F menstrual cycle phase, and 2) in women compared with men. Studies were conducted on 22 eumenorrheic, unacclimatized, sea-level (SL) residents. Indexes of ventilatory acclimatization [resting ventilatory parameters, hypoxic ventilatory response, hypercapnic ventilatory response (HCVR)] were measured in 14 women in the F phase and in 8 other women in the L phase of their menstrual cycle, both at SL and again during a 12-day residence at 4,300 m. At SL only, ventilatory studies were also completed in both menstrual cycle phases in 12 subjects (i.e., within-subject comparison). In these subjects, SL alveolar ventilation (expressed as end-tidal PCO2) was greater in the L vs. F phase. Yet the comparison between L- and F-phase groups found similar levels of resting end-tidal PCO2, hypoxic ventilatory response parameter A, HCVR slope, and HCVR parameter B, both at SL and 4,300 m. Moreover, these indexes of ventilatory acclimatization were not significantly different from those previously measured in men. rhus female lowlanders rapidly ascending to 4,300 in in either the L or IT menstrual cycle phase have similar levels of alveolar ventilation and a time course for ventilatory acclimatization that is nearly identical to that reported in male lowlanders. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Palo Alto Vet Hlth Care Syst, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. RP Muza, SR (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [5-01 RR-00051]; NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-14985] NR 45 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 91 IS 4 BP 1791 EP 1799 PG 9 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 474VV UT WOS:000171128300037 PM 11568164 ER PT J AU Vecchio, RP Bullis, RC AF Vecchio, RP Bullis, RC TI Moderators of the influence of supervisor-subordinate similarity on subordinate outcomes SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ORGANIZATIONAL DEMOGRAPHY; CONTACT HYPOTHESIS; RACIAL-ATTITUDES; DIVERSITY; PERFORMANCE; GENDER; FEMALE; WOMEN; SEX; HETEROGENEITY AB Gender, racial, and ethnic similarity were examined for 2,883 sub ordinate-supervisor dyads in a military setting. All forms of demographic similarity were weakly associated with satisfaction with one's supervisor and continued membership in the Army. White subordinates under the supervision of non-Whites expressed the lowest level of satisfaction with supervision. Two moderators were examined: supervisory support of equal opportunity and the length of time worked with a supervisor. Results underscore the value of fine-grained analyses in the area of relational demography and the value of studying temporal dynamics associated with relational demography. C1 Univ Notre Dame, Dept Management, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Behav Sci & Leadership, W Point, NY USA. RP Vecchio, RP (reprint author), Univ Notre Dame, Dept Management, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. NR 41 TC 48 Z9 49 U1 3 U2 12 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 0021-9010 J9 J APPL PSYCHOL JI J. Appl. Psychol. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 86 IS 5 BP 884 EP 896 DI 10.1037//0021-9010.86.5.884 PG 13 WC Psychology, Applied; Management SC Psychology; Business & Economics GA 476YN UT WOS:000171256500007 PM 11596805 ER PT J AU Horner, DA Peters, JF Carrillo, A AF Horner, DA Peters, JF Carrillo, A TI Large scale discrete element modeling of vehicle-soil interaction SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING MECHANICS-ASCE LA English DT Article ID NUMERICAL-MODEL; SIMULATIONS; MEDIA AB This paper describes the current work on a large deformation soil model to demonstrate the feasibility of particle models to simulate full-scale vehicle-soil interaction problems in which the soil undergoes large excavation-like deformation. To achieve this objective, boundary conditions that accurately represent the vehicle geometry had to be incorporated into a 3D discrete element model. The approach taken was to use a finite-element grid to model the vehicle component interacting with the soil and develop routines to model the particle-grid interactions. The particle-grid interactions were more complicated than the particle-particle interactions required for the soil simulations and pose the greatest challenge to the use of computational parallelism. Two examples are presented in which vehicle components are modeled by finite elements that interact with 10 million discrete soil elements. Important theoretical issues are briefly noted concerning mechanics of granular media that are critical to acceptance of the nascent discrete element modeling technology. C1 USA, Engr Res & Devel Ctr, Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Horner, DA (reprint author), USA, Engr Res & Devel Ctr, Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 21 TC 36 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 3 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9399 J9 J ENG MECH-ASCE JI J. Eng. Mech.-ASCE PD OCT PY 2001 VL 127 IS 10 BP 1027 EP 1032 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(2001)127:10(1027) PG 6 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 474ZY UT WOS:000171138200009 ER PT J AU Vallero, DA Farnsworth, JL Peirce, JJ AF Vallero, DA Farnsworth, JL Peirce, JJ TI Degradation and migration of vinclozolin in sand and soil SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article ID MALE-RAT; PESTICIDES; CHLOZOLINATE; PROCYMIDONE; IPRODIONE; FUNGICIDE; EXPOSURE AB The migration of the dicarboximide fungicide vinclozolin and its principal degradation products through porous media was experimentally determined by simulating pesticide applications to a 23-30 mesh Ottawa sand and a North Carolina Piedmont aquic hapludult soil in laboratory columns. The mass of vinclozolin and its degradates were measured in the porous media 24, 168, and 504 h after fungicide application, varying pore fluid pH and size of simulated rain events. Degradation in the soil was near detection limits under all experimental scenarios. In sand at pH 8.8, vinclozolin degraded along two pathways. The degradation to the butenoic acid degradate was faster than the degradation to vinclozolin's enanilide degradate. The presence of the enanilide pathway had not previously been observed in solutions with pH > 7, indicating that the presence of particles plays a role in the rate and pathway of vinclozolin degradation. Thus, the direct extrapolation of dicarboximide chemistry from solution studies to agricultural field conditions is not possible without consideration of the soil matrix characteristics. C1 US EPA, Nat Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. USA, US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. Duke Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Durham, NC 27708 USA. RP Vallero, DA (reprint author), US EPA, Nat Exposure Res Lab, Mail Drop 56, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9372 J9 J ENVIRON ENG-ASCE JI J. Environ. Eng.-ASCE PD OCT PY 2001 VL 127 IS 10 BP 952 EP 957 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(2001)127:10(952) PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 474ZV UT WOS:000171137900013 ER PT J AU Youd, TL Idriss, IM Andrus, RD Arango, I Castro, G Christian, JT Dobry, R Finn, WDL Harder, LF Hynes, ME Ishihara, K Koester, JP Liao, SSC Marcuson, WF Martin, GR Mitchell, JK Moriwaki, Y Power, MS Robertson, PK Seed, RB Stokoe, KH AF Youd, TL Idriss, IM Andrus, RD Arango, I Castro, G Christian, JT Dobry, R Finn, WDL Harder, LF Hynes, ME Ishihara, K Koester, JP Liao, SSC Marcuson, WF Martin, GR Mitchell, JK Moriwaki, Y Power, MS Robertson, PK Seed, RB Stokoe, KH TI Liquefaction resistance of soils: Summary report from the 1996 NCEER and 1998 NCEER/NSF Workshops on Evaluation of Liquefaction Resistance of Soils SO JOURNAL OF GEOTECHNICAL AND GEOENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID CONE PENETRATION TEST; SPT; EARTHQUAKES AB Following disastrous earthquakes in Alaska and in Niigata, Japan in 1964, Professors H. B. Seed and I. M. Idriss developed and published a methodology termed the "simplified procedure" for evaluating liquefaction resistance of soils. This procedure has become a standard of practice throughout North America and much of the world. The methodology which is largely empirical, has evolved over years, primarily through summary papers by H. B. Seed and his colleagues. No general review or update of the procedure has occurred, however, since 1985, the time of the last major paper by Professor Seed and a report from a National Research Council workshop on liquefaction of soils. In 1996 a workshop sponsored by the National Center for Earthquake Engineering Research (NCEER) was convened by Professors T. L. Youd and I. M. Idriss with 20 experts to review developments over the previous 10 years. The purpose was to gain consensus on updates and augmentations to the simplified procedure. The following topics were reviewed and recommendations developed: (1) criteria based on standard penetration tests; (2) criteria based on cone penetration tests; (3) criteria based on shear-wave velocity measurements, (4) use of the Becker penetration test for gravelly soil; (4) magnitude scaling factors; (5) correction factors for overburden pressures and sloping ground; and (6) input values for earthquake magnitude and peak acceleration. Probabilistic and seismic energy analyses were reviewed but no recommendations were formulated. C1 Brigham Young Univ, Provo, UT 84602 USA. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada. Geomatrix Consultants, Oakland, CA 94612 USA. Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. Univ So Calif, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Parsons Brinckerhoff, Boston, MA 02116 USA. Univ Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. Calif Dept Water Resour, Sacramento, CA 94236 USA. Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Troy, NY 12180 USA. GEI Consultants Inc, Winchester, MA 01890 USA. Bechtel Corp, San Francisco, CA 94119 USA. NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. Clemson Univ, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Youd, TL (reprint author), Brigham Young Univ, Provo, UT 84602 USA. NR 60 TC 506 Z9 537 U1 5 U2 85 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 1090-0241 J9 J GEOTECH GEOENVIRON JI J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 127 IS 10 BP 817 EP 833 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2001)127:10(817) PG 17 WC Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA 476DB UT WOS:000171210000001 ER PT J AU Urban, AL Hettiarachchi, SL Miller, KF Kincaid, GP Gulliver, JS AF Urban, AL Hettiarachchi, SL Miller, KF Kincaid, GP Gulliver, JS TI Field experiments to determine gas transfer at gated sills SO JOURNAL OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article ID EFFECTIVE SATURATION CONCENTRATION; BASIN NAVIGATION DAMS; HYDRAULIC STRUCTURES; OXYGEN-TRANSFER; AERATION AB Field experiments were conducted to determine the oxygenation potential of gated sill structures in the Ohio River Valley. The objective was to determine operational procedures for water quality improvement. Oxygenation potential is typically characterized by gas transfer efficiency, with high transfer efficiency indicating a greater input of oxygen into the water. Direct oxygen measurement can be unreliable in determining transfer efficiency, and this is due to upstream stratification, relatively high background concentrations, and changes in saturation concentration when the bubbles are exposed to hydrostatic pressures within the stilling basin. As a result, in situ methane was used as an independent dissolved gas tracer. Methane is naturally present in measurable quantities with little stratification, and it does not experience an appreciable increase in saturation concentration with bubble depth. Therefore, methane measurements better reflect the true transfer efficiency of a structure. This paper focuses on the factors that influence transfer efficiency and how to achieve high quality field data through the use of methane and oxygen measurements. In addition, results from six-gated sill structures in the Ohio River Valley are presented. C1 Univ Minnesota, Dept Civil Engn, St Anthony Falls Lab, Minneapolis, MN 55414 USA. HDR Inc, Minneapolis, MN 55416 USA. US Geol Survey, Charleston, WV 25301 USA. USA Corps Engineers, Huntington, WV 25701 USA. Univ Minnesota, Dept Civil Engn, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Urban, AL (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Civil Engn, St Anthony Falls Lab, Minneapolis, MN 55414 USA. NR 20 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9429 J9 J HYDRAUL ENG-ASCE JI J. Hydraul. Eng.-ASCE PD OCT PY 2001 VL 127 IS 10 BP 848 EP 859 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(2001)127:10(848) PG 12 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Mechanical; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 475NQ UT WOS:000171171100005 ER PT J AU Anderson, GL AF Anderson, GL TI The Army Research Office's Adaptive Structures Research program SO JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT MATERIAL SYSTEMS AND STRUCTURES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA, Res Off, Mech & Environm Sci Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Anderson, GL (reprint author), USA, Res Off, Mech & Environm Sci Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 6 BONHILL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4PU, ENGLAND SN 1045-389X J9 J INTEL MAT SYST STR JI J. Intell. Mater. Syst. Struct. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 12 IS 10 BP 665 EP 669 DI 10.1106/HYMX-YBBE-JUYW-R024 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 578BK UT WOS:000177097400002 ER PT J AU Hubbard, GB Lee, DR Steele, KE Lee, S Binhazim, AA Brasky, KM AF Hubbard, GB Lee, DR Steele, KE Lee, S Binhazim, AA Brasky, KM TI Spontaneous amyloidosis in twelve chimpanzees, Pan troglodytes SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL PRIMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE amyloid; animal model; disease; nonhuman primates ID PATHOLOGY; PRIMATES; DISEASES AB Spontaneous amyloidosis was diagnosed in 11 male and 1 female chimpanzees and confirmed histologically and immunohistochemically. The chimpanzees were greater than or equal to 15 years of age when first diagnosed and averaged 22.4 years of age. The average survival time after diagnosis of systemic amyloidosis was 1.86 years with a standard deviation of 4.06 years (n=7). The chimpanzees with amyloidosis were asymptomatic except for hepatomegaly, which became more detectable with age. Significant increases in clinical chemistry values, as compared with referenced normals and established normals, of blood area nitrogen (BUN), asparate aminotransferase (AST), gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), globulin, total protein, creatinine phosphokinase (CPK), sedimentation rate. and triglycerides were found in animals 7 years of age or older with amyloidosis. These serum chemistry values, while increased in chimpanzees with amyloidosis, were generally within normal limits. Immunohistochemistry for both amyloid A protein and amyloid P component-labeled extracellular amyloid in all chimpanzees With amyloidosis was determined. Amyloid was deposited primarily in the liver. Amyloidosis in the chimpanzee is a chronic, intractable, progressive, fatal disease, and appears to be similar to secondary amyloidosis in other species. C1 SW Fdn Biomed Res, Dept Lab Anim Med, San Antonio, TX 78245 USA. SW Fdn Biomed Res, SW Reg Primate Res Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78245 USA. Univ Texas, MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Sci Pk Dept Vet Sci, Bastrop, TX USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, MCMR UIP D, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Aging Res & Educ Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Hubbard, GB (reprint author), SW Fdn Biomed Res, Dept Lab Anim Med, POB 760549, San Antonio, TX 78245 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [P51 RR 13986] NR 30 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL MUNKSGAARD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0047-2565 J9 J MED PRIMATOL JI J. Med. Primatol. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 30 IS 5 BP 260 EP 267 DI 10.1034/j.1600-0684.2001.d01-58.x PG 8 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 502MR UT WOS:000172747800003 PM 11990241 ER PT J AU Kiesling, EC AF Kiesling, EC TI Dictionary of strategic thinking SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Kiesling, EC (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY PI LEXINGTON PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA 24450-1600 USA SN 0899-3718 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 65 IS 4 BP 1128 EP 1129 DI 10.2307/2677676 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 477HR UT WOS:000171278500058 ER PT J AU Willbanks, JH AF Willbanks, JH TI A better war: The unexamined victories and final tragedy of America's last year in Vietnam SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 US Army Command & General Staff Coll, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Willbanks, JH (reprint author), US Army Command & General Staff Coll, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY PI LEXINGTON PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA 24450-1600 USA SN 0899-3718 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 65 IS 4 BP 1169 EP 1170 DI 10.2307/2677708 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 477HR UT WOS:000171278500090 ER PT J AU Williams, AJ Lu, XM Slusher, B Tortella, FC AF Williams, AJ Lu, XM Slusher, B Tortella, FC TI Electroencephalogram analysis and neuroprotective profile of the N-acetylated-alpha-linked acidic dipeptidase inhibitor, GPI5232, in normal and brain-injured rats SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article ID CEREBRAL-ARTERY OCCLUSION; D-ASPARTATE ANTAGONIST; CEREBELLAR NEURONS; FOCAL ISCHEMIA; BLOOD-FLOW; IN-VITRO; TRANSIENT; STROKE; GLUTAMATE; SEIZURES AB We have evaluated the effects of the N-acetylated-alpha -linked acidic dipeptidase (NAALADase) inhibitor, GPI5232 [2-[(pentafluorophenylmethyl)hydroxyphosphinyl]methyl)-pentanedioic acid], to not only decrease brain injury but also to alter the inherent electroencephalographic (EEG) changes observed in a rat model of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo). Continuous i.v. infusion of GPI5232 starting 1 h after injury resulted in more than a 50% reduction in brain infarct volume caused by 2 h of MCAo. This effect was dose-dependent and significant even when first treatment was delayed for 2 h post-MCAo. At 24 h post-MCAo, EEG spectral analysis of the injured hemisphere revealed functional improvement in GPI5232-treated rats. Significant recovery in high-frequency EEG power (8-30 Hz) was measured in GPI5232-treated animals in both parietal and temporal brain regions but not in vehicle-treated animals. MCAo-injured rats were also predisposed to developing cortical brain seizures, and GPI5232-treated rats had significantly fewer brain seizures than vehicle-treated animals. In separate experiments, acute high doses of GPI5232 in normal rats did not significantly alter EEG brain activity as evaluated by spectral analysis and did not produce any signs of seizure activity or behavioral abnormalities. These results show GPI5232 to be an effective neuroprotective treatment when given postinjury by reducing brain infarction and ameliorating the pathological EEG associated with focal brain ischemia. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, Dept Neuropharmacol & Mol Biol, Silver Spring, MD USA. Guilford Pharmaceut Inc, Dept Res & Dev, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Tortella, FC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, Dept Neuropharmacol & Mol Biol, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 39 TC 32 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC PHARMACOLOGY EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0022-3565 J9 J PHARMACOL EXP THER JI J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 299 IS 1 BP 48 EP 57 PG 10 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 474WB UT WOS:000171128900007 PM 11561062 ER PT J AU Evans, MD Evans, DM AF Evans, MD Evans, DM TI Community service project planning for ASCE student chapters/clubs SO JOURNAL OF PROFESSIONAL ISSUES IN ENGINEERING EDUCATION AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article ID LEADERSHIP AB Community service projects are key components of successful ASCE student chapters or clubs. Community service projects allow chapter members to serve the community, develop leadership skills, interact with professional civil engineers, and hone their own engineering skills on real-world projects. This paper presents a proven plan for student chapters and clubs to develop and run successful community service projects. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Civil & Mech Engn, W Point, NY 10996 USA. Ind Engr, Campbell Hall, NY USA. RP Evans, MD (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Civil & Mech Engn, Mahan Hall, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 1052-3928 J9 J PROF ISS ENG ED PR JI J. Prof. Issues Eng. Educ. Pract. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 127 IS 4 BP 175 EP 183 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)1052-3928(2001)127:4(175) PG 9 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Education & Educational Research; Engineering GA 475AB UT WOS:000171138500006 ER PT J AU Taft, RM von Gonten, AS Wheeler, ST AF Taft, RM von Gonten, AS Wheeler, ST TI Assisted retention of a hearing device in an implant-retained auricular prosthesis SO JOURNAL OF PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Maxillofacial-Prosthetics CY OCT 19, 1999 CL PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA SP Amer Acad Maxillofacial Prosthet ID SILICONE FACIAL PROSTHESES AB The use of bone-anchored hearing aids is not possible for all patients who wear an implant-retained auricular prosthesis. For some patients, the external ear canal cannot be occluded with a conventional hearing device. Currently manufactured hearing aids may not readily fit the contours of an implant-retained auricular prosthesis. This article describes a technique that allows a modular hearing aid device to be inserted into a custom "sleeve." With this device, the patient can take advantage of binaural cues. C1 Natl Naval Dent Sch, Bur Med, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. USA, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dent Act, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Taft, RM (reprint author), Natl Naval Dent Sch, Bur Med, 8901 Wisconsin Ave, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0022-3913 J9 J PROSTHET DENT JI J. Prosthet. Dent. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 86 IS 4 BP 386 EP 389 DI 10.1067/mpr.2001.118872 PG 4 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 490VV UT WOS:000172075200010 PM 11677533 ER PT J AU Baum, SE Dooley, DP Wright, J Kost, ER Storey, DF AF Baum, SE Dooley, DP Wright, J Kost, ER Storey, DF TI Diagnosis of culture-negative female genital tract tuberculosis with peritoneal involvement by polymerase chain reaction SO JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE tuberculosis, female genital; polymerase chain reaction; peritoneum ID SERUM CA-125 CONCENTRATION; OVARIAN-CARCINOMA; PELVIC MASS; MIMICKING; CANCER; ASCITES; PATIENT; WOMEN AB BACKGROUND: Female genital tract tuberculosis (TB) is a common cause of infertility in developing countries. It is a paucibacillary form of the disease of which smears and cultures are usually negative. CASE: We were able to use polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA to support a clinical and histologic diagnosis of a typical case of culture negative female genital tract TB. CONCLUSION: PCR may be a useful adjunct to diagnostic efforts in gynecologic tuberculosis. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Gynecol Oncol Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Med Grp Hosp 81st, Infect Dis Serv, Keesler AFB, MS USA. RP Baum, SE (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr,Bldg 3600, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 30 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU SCI PRINTERS & PUBL INC PI ST LOUIS PA PO DRAWER 12425 8342 OLIVE BLVD, ST LOUIS, MO 63132 USA SN 0024-7758 J9 J REPROD MED JI J. Reprod. Med. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 46 IS 10 BP 929 EP 932 PG 4 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 487XH UT WOS:000171904000014 PM 11725741 ER PT J AU Chan, PC Ho, KH Kan, KK Stuhmiller, JH Mayorga, MA AF Chan, PC Ho, KH Kan, KK Stuhmiller, JH Mayorga, MA TI Evaluation of impulse noise criteria using human volunteer data SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID WEAPON NOISES AB Four impulse noise auditory injury criteria adopted by NATO countries, namely, the MIL-STD-1474D (USA), Pfander (Germany), Smoorenburg (Netherlands), and L-Aeq8 (France), are evaluated against human volunteer data. Data from subjects wearing single-hearing protection exposed to increasing blast overpressure effects were obtained from tests sponsored by the US Army Medical Research and Material Command. Using logistic regression, the four criteria were each correlated with the test data. The analysis shows that all four criteria are overly conservative by 9.6-21.2 dB for the subjects as tested. The MIL-STD-1474D for single-hearing protection is 9.6 dB lower than the observed injury threshold for 95% protection with 95% confidence for this particular group of subjects as tested. Similar conclusions can be drawn for the other three criteria. (C) 2001 Acoustical Society of America. C1 Jaycor, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Med, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Chan, PC (reprint author), Jaycor, 3394 Carmel Mt Rd, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. NR 23 TC 17 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 110 IS 4 BP 1967 EP 1975 DI 10.1121/1.1391243 PG 9 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 481NT UT WOS:000171526400034 PM 11681377 ER PT J AU Shanklin, CW Hackes, BL AF Shanklin, CW Hackes, BL TI Position of the American Dietetic Association: Dietetics professionals can implement practices to conserve natural resources and protect the environment (Previously titled "Natural resource conservation and waste management") SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DIETETIC ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE; POPULATION; COMMUNITY; EQUITY AB It is the position of the American Dietetic Association to encourage environmentally responsible practices that conserve natural resources, minimize the quantity of waste that is generated, and leave the least adverse affect on the health of all living organisms and the environment. Ali components of the food system, from farmer to consumer, are affected by the availability and cost of energy and the availability and quality of water. Outdoor and indoor air quality significantly impacts the health of all living organisms. Decisions that dietetics professionals make as practitioners and consumers can affect the quantity and type of solid waste generated. The demand for natural resources should be evaluated when selecting the most cost-effective, environmentally sensitive approach to the management of solid waste. Special precautions are needed when using and disposing of hazardous and medical waste to protect the safety of our clients and employees. This position paper provides information and resources for dietetics professionals for addressing the complexity of the environmental issue presented. Conservation strategies are identified that dietetics professionals can use in their worksites and at home. These conservation practices may reduce cost and decrease the environmental impact. we have on our communities and the world. C1 Washington Manor Retirement Community, Dayton, OH USA. USA, San Antonio, TX USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Excel Home Care, Oklahoma City, OK USA. Foodserv Management Consultants, Gainesville, FL USA. Morrison Management Specialists, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Shanklin, CW (reprint author), Washington Manor Retirement Community, Dayton, OH USA. NR 57 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER DIETETIC ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 216 W JACKSON BLVD #800, CHICAGO, IL 60606-6995 USA SN 0002-8223 J9 J AM DIET ASSOC JI J. Am. Diet. Assoc. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 101 IS 10 BP 1221 EP 1227 DI 10.1016/S0002-8223(01)00299-1 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 499BT UT WOS:000172551700026 ER PT J AU Wolfram, D Spink, A Jansen, BJ Saracevic, T AF Wolfram, D Spink, A Jansen, BJ Saracevic, T TI Vox populi: The public searching of the Web SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR INFORMATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Univ Wisconsin, Sch Lib & Informat Sci, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. Penn State Univ, Sch Informat Sci & Technol, University Pk, PA 16801 USA. USA, War Coll, Carlisle, PA 17013 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Sch Commun Informat & Lib Studies, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. RP Wolfram, D (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Sch Lib & Informat Sci, POB 413, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. RI Wolfram, Dietmar/A-2449-2008; OI Jansen, Bernard/0000-0002-6468-6609 NR 4 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 1 U2 14 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 1532-2882 J9 J AM SOC INF SCI TEC JI J. Am. Soc. Inf. Sci. Technol. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 52 IS 12 BP 1073 EP 1074 DI 10.1002/asi.1157 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Information Science & Library Science SC Computer Science; Information Science & Library Science GA 473NL UT WOS:000171050400008 ER PT J AU Ding, MS Xu, K Zhang, SS Amine, K Henriksen, GL Jow, TR AF Ding, MS Xu, K Zhang, SS Amine, K Henriksen, GL Jow, TR TI Change of conductivity with salt content, solvent composition, and temperature for electrolytes of LiPF6 in ethylene carbonate-ethyl methyl carbonate SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID ENERGY DENSITY BATTERIES; PROPYLENE CARBONATE; LITHIUM BATTERIES; NONAQUEOUS SOLUTIONS; POLYMER ELECTROLYTE; IONIC-CONDUCTIVITY; DIMETHOXYETHANE; 25-DEGREES-C; CONDUCTANCE; ASSOCIATION AB We measured the electrolytic conductivities of the electrolytes of LiPF6 in ethylene carbonate-ethyl methyl carbonate at different salt contents, solvent compositions, and temperatures in the ranges of their practical values. To these data, we fitted a fourth degree trivariate polynomial and obtained a close fit. We then plotted this function as surface and contour plots in the coordinates of salt content and solvent composition for a series of temperatures. These plots showed the change of conductivity with the simultaneous changes of salt content and solvent composition and the influence of temperature on this change, thus mapping the locations for the optimal combinations of salt content and solvent composition for maximum conductivity of the electrolytes at desired temperatures. Here we also discuss and interpret qualitatively the trends found in the change of conductivity with salt content, solvent composition, and temperature, based on the dependency on the same variables of these three factors: the number of dissociated ions in the electrolyte, the dielectric constant of the solvent. and the viscosity of the electrolyte. (C) 2001 The Electrochemical Society. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Ding, MS (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RI Zhang, Sheng/A-4456-2012; Xu, Kang/C-6054-2013; Amine, Khalil/K-9344-2013 OI Zhang, Sheng/0000-0003-4435-4110; NR 45 TC 79 Z9 79 U1 5 U2 54 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 148 IS 10 BP A1196 EP A1204 DI 10.1149/1.1403730 PG 9 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA 481CD UT WOS:000171501600023 ER PT J AU Morey, AF Iverson, AJ Swan, A Harmon, WJ Spore, SS Bhayani, S Brandes, SB AF Morey, AF Iverson, AJ Swan, A Harmon, WJ Spore, SS Bhayani, S Brandes, SB TI Bladder rupture after blunt trauma: Guidelines for diagnostic imaging SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE radiography; trauma; urinary tract ID PELVIC FRACTURES; COMPUTERIZED-TOMOGRAPHY; CT CYSTOGRAPHY; RENAL TRAUMA; MANAGEMENT; INJURY; EXTRAVASATION; MECHANISMS; EXPERIENCE AB Purpose: The purpose of this study was to establish guidelines for diagnostic imaging for bladder rupture in the blunt trauma victim with multiple injuries, in whom the delay caused by unnecessary testing can hamper the trauma surgeon and threaten outcome. Method: We undertook chart review (1995-1999) of patients with blunt trauma and bladder rupture at our four institutions and performed focused literature review of retrospective series. Results. Of our 53 patients, identified, all had gross hematuria and 85% had pelvic fracture. Literature review revealed similar rates. Conclusion. The classic combination of pelvic fracture and gross hematuria constitutes an absolute indication for immediate cystography in blunt trauma victims. Existing data do not support lower urinary tract imaging in all patients with either pelvic fracture or hematuria alone. Clinical indicators of bladder rupture may be used to identify atypical patients at higher risk. Patients with isolated hematuria and no physical signs of lower urinary tract injury may be spared the morbidity, time, and expense of immediate cystographic evaluation. C1 Washington Univ, Sch Med, Div Urol Surg, St Louis, MO USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Urol, San Antonio, TX USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Urol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Urol Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Morey, AF (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Urol Serv, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr Blvd 3600, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 30 TC 49 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD OCT PY 2001 VL 51 IS 4 BP 683 EP 686 DI 10.1097/00005373-200110000-00010 PG 4 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 481XW UT WOS:000171546600015 PM 11586159 ER PT J AU Krantz, TL Alanou, MP Evans, HP Snidle, RW AF Krantz, TL Alanou, MP Evans, HP Snidle, RW TI Surface fatigue lives of case-carburized gears with an improved surface finish SO JOURNAL OF TRIBOLOGY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID CARBON STEEL GEARS; DURABILITY AB Previous research provides qualitative evidence that an improved surface finish can increase the surface fatigue lives of gears. To quantify the influence of surface roughness on life, a set of AISI 9310 steel gears was provided with a near-mirror finish by superfinishing. The effects of the superfinishing on the quality of the gear tooth surfaces were determined using data from metrology profilometry, and interferometric microscope inspections. The superfinishing reduced;he roughness average by about a factor of 5. The superfinished gears were subjected to surface fatigue testing at 1.71 GPa (248-ksi) Hertz contact stress, and the data were compared with the NASA Glenn gear fatigue data base, The lives of gears with superfinished teeth were about four times greater compared with the lives of gears with ground teeth but with otherwise similar quality. C1 USA, Res Lab, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. Cardiff Univ, Cardiff CF24 3TA, S Glam, Wales. RP Krantz, TL (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. NR 25 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0742-4787 J9 J TRIBOL-T ASME JI J. Tribol.-Trans. ASME PD OCT PY 2001 VL 123 IS 4 BP 709 EP 716 DI 10.1115/1.1387036 PG 8 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 482KW UT WOS:000171576200007 ER PT J AU Moul, JW Connelly, RR Lubeck, DP Bauer, JJ Sun, L Flanders, SC Grossfeld, GD Carroll, PR AF Moul, JW Connelly, RR Lubeck, DP Bauer, JJ Sun, L Flanders, SC Grossfeld, GD Carroll, PR TI Predicting risk of prostate specific antigen recurrence after radical prostatectomy with the center for prostate disease research and cancer of the prostate strategic urologic research endeavor databases SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE prostatic neoplasms; prostatectomy; recurrence; risk assessment ID MULTIVARIATE-ANALYSIS; PROGNOSTIC VARIABLES; PATHOLOGICAL STAGE; GLEASON SCORE; MEN; PROGRESSION; BIOMARKERS; EXPRESSION; SELECTION; CARCINOMA AB Purpose: Biostatistical models to predict stage or outcome in patients with clinically localized prostate cancer with pretreatment prostate specific antigen (PSA), Gleason sum on biopsy or prostatectomy specimen, clinical or pathological stage and other variables, including ethnicity, have been developed. However, to date models have relied on small subsets from academic centers or military populations that may not be representative. Our study validates and updates a model published previously with the Cancer of the Prostate Strategic Urologic Research Endeavor (CaPSURE, UCSF, Urology Outcomes Research Group and TAP Pharmaceutical Products, Inc.), a large multicenter, community based prostate cancer database and Center for Prostate Disease Research (CPDR), a large military database. Materials and Methods: We validated a biostatistical model that includes pretreatment PSA, highest Gleason sum on prostatectomy specimen, prostatectomy organ confinement status and ethnicity, including white and black patients. We then revised it with the Cox regression analysis of the combined 503 PSA era surgical cases from the CPDR prospective cancer database and 1,012 from the CaPSURE prostate cancer outcomes database. Results: The original equation with 3 risk groups stratified CaPSURE cases into distinct categories with 7-year disease-free survival rates of 72%, 42.1% and 27.6% for low, intermediate and high risk men, respectively. Parameter estimates obtained from a Cox regression analysis provided a revised model equation that calculated the relative risk of recurrence as: exponent (exp)[(0.54 x Race) + (0.05 x sigmoidal transformation of PSA [PSA(ST)]) + (0.23 x Postop Gleason) + (0.69 x Pathologic stage). The relative risk of recurrence, as calculated by the aforementioned equation, was used to stratify the cases into 4 risk groups. Very low-4.7 or less, low-4.7 to 7.1, high-7.1 to 16.7 and very high-greater than 16.7, and patients at risk had 7-year disease-free survival rates of 85.4%, 66.0%, 50.6% and 21.3%, respectively. Conclusions: With a broad cohort of community based, academic and military cases, we developed an equation that stratifies men into 4 discrete risk groups of recurrence after radical prostatectomy and confirmed use of a prior 3 risk group model. Although the variables of ethnicity, pretreatment PSA, highest Gleason sum on prostatectomy specimen and organ confinement status on surgical pathology upon which the model is based are easily obtained, more refined modeling with additional variables are needed to improve prediction of intermediate risk in individuals. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Urol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Urol Outcomes Res Grp, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Urol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Med, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. TAP Pharmaceut Prod Inc, Hlth Econ, Outcomes Res Dept, Lake Forest, IL USA. RP Moul, JW (reprint author), Ctr Prostate Dis Res, 1530 E Jefferson St, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. NR 28 TC 91 Z9 91 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 166 IS 4 BP 1322 EP 1327 DI 10.1016/S0022-5347(05)65761-8 PG 6 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 471VV UT WOS:000170950100025 PM 11547066 ER PT J AU Bissonette, EA Fulmer, BR Petroni, GR Moul, JW Theodorescu, D AF Bissonette, EA Fulmer, BR Petroni, GR Moul, JW Theodorescu, D TI Prostate specific antigen kinetics at tumor recurrence after radical prostatectomy do not suggest a worse disease prognosis in black men SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE prostatic neoplasms; prostate-specific antigen; prostatectomy; prostate ID SERUM TESTOSTERONE LEVELS; AFRICAN-AMERICAN MEN; RACIAL-DIFFERENCES; DOUBLING TIME; INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA; WHITE MEN; CANCER; RADIOTHERAPY; MANAGEMENT; RADIATION AB Purpose: It has been shown that black men with clinically localized prostate adenocarcinoma treated with radical prostatectomy have poorer disease-free and disease specific survival than white men with similar tumors. These findings suggest that a potentially more aggressive variant of prostate cancer exists in black men. Because prostate specific antigen (PSA) velocity at tumor recurrence is a good indicator of disease aggressiveness, we determine whether there was evidence that PSA velocity at biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy is faster in black men. Materials and Methods: Our retrospective data search at 2 university centers resulted in 127 white and 37 black men with clinical stage cT1 to 2 prostate adenocarcinoma who underwent radical prostatectomy between 1990 and 1994 and had evidence of biochemical recurrence (PSA greater than 0.2 ng./ml.) on followup available for analysis. No neoadjuvant or adjuvant treatments were given before or after radical prostatectomy, and all PSA relapses and subsequent treatments were recorded. PSA velocity modeling was performed in patients before any form of treatment for PSA failure. Preoperative PSA, Gleason score and pathological stage were also included in the model to assess the impact on PSA velocity after recurrence. Results: Our data suggested that PSA velocity at tumor recurrence was related to preoperative PSA on a continuous scale (p = 0.063). However, in our analysis there was little evidence that race had any effect on PSA velocity at tumor recurrence in our patient cohort (p = 0.58). Likewise, little difference in PSA velocity was seen in regard to Gleason score (p = 0.89) or pathological stage (p = 0.23) in these patients. With data on 37 black men available for analysis it was likely that only large or extreme trends could be detected. Results could be used to estimate required sample sizes for assessment of less extreme trends. Conclusions: Our data on tumor growth rate at recurrence, as reflected by PSA velocity kinetics, do not support the hypothesis that prostate tumors in black men are necessarily more aggressive due to enhanced growth. Further studies comparing the molecular and biological differences between prostate cancers in black and white males are needed to clarify reasons for the apparent differences in initial presentation, as compared to that at tumor recurrence in these 2 groups. C1 Univ Virginia, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Biostat & Epidemiol, Dept Urol, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA. Univ Virginia, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Biostat & Epidemiol, Dept Hlth Evaluat Sci, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Urol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Theodorescu, D (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Biostat & Epidemiol, Dept Urol, Box 422, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA. NR 32 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 166 IS 4 BP 1328 EP 1331 DI 10.1016/S0022-5347(05)65762-X PG 4 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 471VV UT WOS:000170950100026 PM 11547067 ER PT J AU Morey, AF AF Morey, AF TI Urethral plate salvage with dorsal graft promotes successful penile flap onlay reconstruction of severe pendulous strictures SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE urethra; surgical flaps; urethral stricture; abnormalities; transplants ID URETHROPLASTY AB Purpose: A modified I-stage penile flap onlay reconstruction is presented for patients with a long stricture in whom the urethral plate is deficient or absent. Materials and Methods: Of 37 patients who underwent transverse penile island flap onlay urethroplasty 3 men and 1 boy required simultaneous augmentation (2) or replacement (2) of an inadequate urethral plate. The 15-year-old boy had persistent severe chordee after multiple hypospadias procedures. A dorsal buccal mucosal graft was used in 3 cases and cadaveric dermal graft was used in 1. The goal of dorsal graft application in each case was to create a uniform urethral plate 1 cm. wide to promote successful 1-stage penile flap onlay reconstruction. Results: No patient has required further instrumentation and all void without difficulty. In the 15-year-old boy chordee has completely resolved. Conclusions: Using dorsal grafts to salvage an inadequate urethral plate during 1-stage penile island flap onlay reconstruction obviates flap tubularization. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Urol Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Morey, AF (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Urol Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 12 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 166 IS 4 BP 1376 EP 1378 DI 10.1016/S0022-5347(05)65773-4 PG 3 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 471VV UT WOS:000170950100044 PM 11547078 ER PT J AU Rainwater, TR Platt, SG Robbins, RG McMurry, ST AF Rainwater, TR Platt, SG Robbins, RG McMurry, ST TI Ticks from a Morelet's crocodile in Belize SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES LA English DT Article DE case report; Amblyomma dissimile; Amblyomma sp.; ticks; Crocodylus moreletii; Morelet's crocodile; ectoparasitism; review AB Parasitism of crocodilians by ticks has rarely been reported, and to our knowledge only seven published accounts exist. On 3 July 1999, we collected four ticks from a subadult Morelet's crocodile (Crocodylus moreletii) captured in northern Belize. These were identified as Amblyomma dissimile (one female), and Amblyomma sp. (two nymphs, one larva). The crocodile was captured on land approximately 100 m from water, and all four ticks were attached to loose skin on the lateral surface of the tail. Crocodilians are most susceptible to terrestrial ectoparasites, including ticks, during, overland movements. However, most such movements occur in response to drought, when tick questing activity is suppressed, which likely accounts for the small numbers of tick specimens recorded from crocodilians and the absence of any noticeable impact of parasitism on host fitness. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Armed Forces Pest Management Board, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Texas Tech Univ, Inst Environm & Human Hlth, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. Wildlife Conservat Soc, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. RP Robbins, RG (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Armed Forces Pest Management Board, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 31 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSN, INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0090-3558 J9 J WILDLIFE DIS JI J. Wildl. Dis. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 37 IS 4 BP 836 EP 839 PG 4 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 491XH UT WOS:000172135000024 PM 11763751 ER PT J AU Ungerer, M AF Ungerer, M TI Investigating fires - The fire department versus the politice department? Competing interests and their avoidance SO KRIMINALISTIK LA German DT Article C1 USA, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Ungerer, M (reprint author), USA, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KRIMINALISTIK VERLAG PI HEIDELBERG PA IM WEIHER 10 POSTFACH 102640, W-6900 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 0023-4699 J9 KRIMINALISTIK JI Kriminalistik PD OCT PY 2001 VL 55 IS 10 BP 659 EP 662 PG 4 WC Criminology & Penology SC Criminology & Penology GA 489GN UT WOS:000171983800010 ER PT J AU Boole, JR Holtel, M Amoroso, P Yore, M AF Boole, JR Holtel, M Amoroso, P Yore, M TI 5196 mandible fractures among 4381 active duty army soldiers, 1980 to 1998 SO LARYNGOSCOPE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the Western Section of the American-Laryngological-Rhinological-and-Otological-Society CY JAN 07-09, 2000 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA SP Amer Laryngol Rhinol & Otolog Soc, Western Sect ID FACIAL FRACTURES; INJURIES AB Objective. We present the frequencies of various types of mandibular fractures along with associated mechanisms and injuries. Methods: Retrospective analysis of 5196 mandible fractures in 4381 patients extracted from the Total Army Injury and Health Outcomes Database (TAIHOD), a comprehensive database developed by the U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine (USARIEM) that links population data to all hospitalizations among active duty army soldiers. The database is based on the ICD-9 CM coding system. Results: We found the following frequencies for specific mandible fracture locations: angle 35.6%, symphysis 20.1%, subcondylar 14.2%, body 12.7%, condylar process 9.1%, ramus 4.5%, alveolar border 2.7%, and coronoid process 1%. The mechanisms of injury were separated into seven categories. Fighting accounts for 36.2%, automobile accidents for 18.6%, athletics for 13.6%, falls for 9.7%, motorcycle accidents for 3.1%, other land transport accidents for 3%, and miscellaneous causes for 15.8%. A few fracture locations appear to be associated with specific mechanisms. Of 82 alveolar border fractures with known mechanisms, 37% resulted from automobile accidents. Of 1094 angle fractures with known mechanisms, 48.6% resulted from fighting. Our data show that the majority of fractures were isolated to one location. Only one fracture was recorded for 70.6%, 29.2% have two fractures recorded, 0.2% have three or more fractures recorded. Associated injuries were common and include facial lacerations 1236 (28.2%), non-mandible facial bone fractures 733 (16.7%), intracranial injury 403(9.2%), internal injuries 229 (5.2%), fractures of the upper limb 295 (6.7%), fractures of the lower extremity 302 (6.9%), and cervical fractures 34 (0.8%). Conclusions: The mechanism of injury is important in determining the most likely resultant mandible fracture in the case of angle of mandible and alveolar ridge fractures. The clinician should maintain a high level of suspicion for associated injuries that occur more than one fourth of the time and even more frequently in motor vehicle accident victims. Associated intracranial injury is particularly important to rule out. Associated facial fractures, intracranial injury, internal injuries, and extremity injuries are all more common than cervical fractures. C1 Tripler Reg Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Boole, JR (reprint author), Tripler Reg Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 11 TC 33 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0023-852X J9 LARYNGOSCOPE JI Laryngoscope PD OCT PY 2001 VL 111 IS 10 BP 1691 EP 1696 DI 10.1097/00005537-200110000-00004 PG 6 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Otorhinolaryngology SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Otorhinolaryngology GA 479UX UT WOS:000171422900004 PM 11801927 ER PT J AU Cable, BB Mair, EA AF Cable, BB Mair, EA TI Radiofrequency ablation of lymphangiomatous macroglossia SO LARYNGOSCOPE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the Southern Section of the American-Laryngological-Rhinological-and-Otological-Society CY JAN 11-14, 2001 CL MARCO ISL, FLORIDA SP Amer Laryngol Rhinol Otol Soc ID CYSTIC HYGROMA; MANAGEMENT; REDUCTION; TONGUE C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Mair, EA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 8 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0023-852X J9 LARYNGOSCOPE JI Laryngoscope PD OCT PY 2001 VL 111 IS 10 BP 1859 EP 1861 DI 10.1097/00005537-200110000-00035 PG 3 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Otorhinolaryngology SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Otorhinolaryngology GA 479UX UT WOS:000171422900035 PM 11801958 ER PT J AU Burgess, EB AF Burgess, EB TI The last posse: A jailbreak, a manhunt, and the end of hang-'em-high justice. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Fort Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Burgess, EB (reprint author), USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Fort Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD OCT 1 PY 2001 VL 126 IS 16 BP 119 EP 119 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 479CA UT WOS:000171385300120 ER PT J AU Burgess, EB AF Burgess, EB TI Sun Tzu and the art of modern warfare. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Burgess, EB (reprint author), USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD OCT 1 PY 2001 VL 126 IS 16 BP 121 EP 121 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 479CA UT WOS:000171385300128 ER PT J AU Earles, JE Hartung, GH Dickert, JM Moriyama, HH Coll, KJ Aiello, LM Jackson, R Polonsky, W AF Earles, JE Hartung, GH Dickert, JM Moriyama, HH Coll, KJ Aiello, LM Jackson, R Polonsky, W TI Interdisciplinary treatment of diabetes mellitus in a military treatment facility SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID INSULIN SENSITIVITY; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; EXERCISE; MEN AB The American Diabetes Association emphasizes interdisciplinary management as the standard of care for patients with diabetes. Many times, however, interdisciplinary means various health care professionals treating a patient but not necessarily interacting with each other regarding the patient's care. Recently, Tripler Army Medical Center replicated the Joslin Diabetes Center's diabetes outpatient intensive treatment program as part of a Joslin Diabetes Center/Department of Defense/Veteran's Administration research collaboration. Tripler Army Medical Center named this interdisciplinary program Holopono, which is Hawaiian for success. Holopono is a team of health care professionals providing integrated care and education to a group of diabetes patients over 3.5 days. Individual care management, aided by an Internet-based tele-medicine system, then continues for 1 year after entry into the program. This article describes the Holopono program, the role of each team member, and how the team functions together to provide comprehensive diabetes care. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Psychol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Nutr Care Div, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Joslin Vis Network Coordinator, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Branch Med Clin Makalapa, Dept Internal Med, Honolulu, HI 96860 USA. Joslin Diabet Ctr, Beetham Eye Inst, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. RP Earles, JE (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Psychol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 166 IS 10 BP 848 EP 852 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653DG UT WOS:000181419500008 PM 11603233 ER PT J AU Tobias, SW Matthew, CB Dubose, DA Hamlet, MP AF Tobias, SW Matthew, CB Dubose, DA Hamlet, MP TI Comparison of oxygenated perfluorocarbon and humidified oxygen for rewarming hypothermic miniswine SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID LIQUID VENTILATION; ACCIDENTAL HYPOTHERMIA; RESUSCITATION; CHILDREN; INJURY; LUNGS; LAMBS; COLD AB This study examines a method to rapidly rewarm the core using total liquid ventilation with warmed, oxygenated perfluorocarbon. Yucatan miniswine were splenectomized and surgically implanted with telemetry devices to transmit electrocardiographic response, arterial pressure, and core temperature. Hypothermia (core temperature = 25.9 +/- 1.3degreesC) was induced by placing cold-water circulating blankets over the animals. Control animals (N = 7) were rewarmed using warm (37.8degreesC), humidified oxygen. Experimental animals (N = 6) were rewarmed with oxygenated perfluorocarbon liquid (37.3degreesC). The time to rewarm was significantly shorter in experimental animals (1.98 +/- 0.5 vs. 8.61 +/- 1.6 hours, p < 0.0001), with almost no afterdrop in the experimental group. Lactate dehydrogenase and aspartate aminotransferase were significantly increased in the control animals compared with the experimental animals. All animals that survived being chilled to 25degreesC survived rewarming. This method may provide a means of more rapidly rewarming profoundly hypothermic victims while reducing the risks associated with current methods. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, MAT, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Matthew, CB (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, MAT, Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 40 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 166 IS 10 BP 853 EP 861 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653DG UT WOS:000181419500009 PM 11603234 ER PT J AU Yanchick, JK AF Yanchick, JK TI Pharmacist-managed hypertension therapy conversion SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CALCIUM-CHANNEL BLOCKERS; CHRONIC HEART-FAILURE; CLINICAL PHARMACOKINETICS; AMLODIPINE; EFFICACY; MILD AB The cost of treating hypertension represents a substantial percentage of total pharmacy expenditures at medical centers and by managed care organizations in the United States. The present study evaluated improvements in blood pressure control and cost savings achieved by switching 543 hypertensive patients from nifedipine gastrointestinal therapeutic system (GITS) to amlodipine and concurrently instituting an educational program directed at prescribers, nursing and pharmacy staff, and patients and family members. Before the switch, 543 patients were being treated with nifedipine GITS: 259 with 30 mg/d, 209 with 60 mg/d, and 75 with 90 mg/d. The total annual cost of primary antihypertensive therapy for this patient population was $184,698. All patients were switched from nifedipine GITS to 5 mg of amlodipine. The pharmacist saw patients at the time of the switch and at 2, 4, and 6 to 8 weeks after the change in antihypertensive therapy. Patients who did not achieve systolic blood pressure less than or equal to 140 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure less than or equal to 90 mm Hg by 6 to 8 weeks after the switch were titrated to 10 mg/d amlodipine. After the conversion, 417 patients were receiving amlodipine 5 mg/d and 126 patients were ultimately titrated to 10 mg/d. Measurements made during the first 6 to 8 weeks of treatment indicated that amlodipine therapy significantly reduced blood pressure. Overall, amlodipine produced further mean reductions in blood pressure, from 140/82 to 130/76 mm Hg (p < 0.00005). The mean reduction from the time of the switch to 6 to 8 weeks was from 138/81 to 129/74 mm Hg for the patients who received 5 mg/d amlodipine (p < 0.00001) and from 147/85 to 133/79 mm Hg for the patients ultimately titrated to 10 mg/d amlodipine (p < 0.05). The total annual cost for primary antihypertensive therapy after the conversion was $136,854. We observed that conversion from nifedipine GITS to amlodipine enhanced blood pressure control and saved $47,844 in the annual cost of primary antihypertensive medication. For the 543 patients undergoing the switch, annual cost savings was $47,844. When the cost of additional antihypertensive agents discontinued after the switch to amlodipine was added to the analysis, the net annual cost savings increased to $49,578, a 27% reduction in yearly drug costs. C1 Reynolds Army Community Hosp, Drug Therapy Monitoring Unit, Dept Pharm, Ft Sill, OK 73503 USA. RP Yanchick, JK (reprint author), Reynolds Army Community Hosp, Drug Therapy Monitoring Unit, Dept Pharm, Bldg 4300, Ft Sill, OK 73503 USA. NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 166 IS 10 BP 866 EP 870 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653DG UT WOS:000181419500011 PM 11603236 ER PT J AU Mark, DD Byers, VL Mays, MZ AF Mark, DD Byers, VL Mays, MZ TI Primary care outcomes and provider practice styles SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; HEALTH-STATUS; NURSE PRACTITIONERS; INTENSIVE-CARE; MEDICAL ENCOUNTERS; FUNCTIONAL HEALTH; PHYSICIANS; SATISFACTION; COLLABORATION; COMMUNICATION AB The purpose of this study was to evaluate change in patient outcomes as a function of practice styles of primary care providers. A prospective, repeated-measures, correlational design was used. Data were collected about (1) providers' self-ratings of practice styles, inclusive of practice model, confidence, autonomy, collaboration, information giving, and job satisfaction, and (2) primary care patients' self-ratings of health status, functional status, information seeking, and satisfaction. When severity and comorbidity were controlled, physicians, nurse practitioners, and physician assistants produced equivalent outcomes; neither practice style nor provider type resulted in differences in health outcomes of primary care patients. Practice style did affect patient satisfaction. Patients were least satisfied with providers who scored high on collaboration and most satisfied with providers who scored low on the practice model. Neither provider type nor interpersonal attributes had an effect on health outcomes; sicker patients got better and healthy patients stayed that way. C1 USA, Med Dept Ctr, Ctr Healthcare Educ & Studies, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. USA, Sch Med, Ctr Healthcare Educ & Studies, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Mark, DD (reprint author), USA, Med Dept Ctr, Ctr Healthcare Educ & Studies, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 59 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 166 IS 10 BP 875 EP 880 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653DG UT WOS:000181419500013 PM 11603238 ER PT J AU Taylor, AJ Rupard, EJ AF Taylor, AJ Rupard, EJ TI A 38-year-old staff sergeant with fevers, chest pain, and shortness of breath SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID RESPIRATORY-DISTRESS SYNDROME; PNEUMONIA; TRIAL C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med & Cardiol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Taylor, AJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med & Cardiol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 166 IS 10 BP 909 EP 912 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653DG UT WOS:000181419500020 PM 11603245 ER PT J AU Gibb, TR Norwood, DA Woollen, N Henchal, EA AF Gibb, TR Norwood, DA Woollen, N Henchal, EA TI Development and evaluation of a fluorogenic 5 '-nuclease assay to identify Marburg virus SO MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR PROBES LA English DT Article DE Marburg virus; filoviruses; TaqMan (R); RT-PCR; diagnostic; fluorogenic 5 '-nuclease assay ID PCR; IDENTIFICATION; GLYCOPROTEIN AB The ability to rapidly recognize Marburg virus infections is critical to quickly institute proper barrier nursing precautions and limit further spread of the disease. A rapid, sensitive, and specific laboratory diagnostic test is necessary to confirm outbreaks of Marburg virus and to distinguish it from other diseases that can present with similar clinical symptoms. A one-tube reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay for the identification of Marburg virus was developed and evaluated using the ABI PRISM(TM) 7700 Sequence Detection System and TaqMan(R) chemistry. The sensitivity and specificity of the newly designed primer/probe set (MBGGP3) was evaluated. MBGGP3 was equivalent to or 10-100-fold more sensitive than previously designed primer sets as determined by limit of detection experiments. In addition, the MBGGP3 assay was able to detect all strains of Marburg virus tested, but gave negative results with other haemorrhagic fever and genetically related viruses. The results of this study indicate that the MBGGP3 primer/probe set is both sensitive and specific. In addition, this assay is compatible with emerging rapid nucleic acid analysis platforms and therefore may prove to be a useful diagnostic tool for the control and management of future outbreaks. (C) 2001 Academic Press. C1 USA, Diagnost Syst Div, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Gibb, TR (reprint author), USA, Diagnost Syst Div, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 20 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0890-8508 J9 MOL CELL PROBE JI Mol. Cell. Probes PD OCT PY 2001 VL 15 IS 5 BP 259 EP 266 DI 10.1006/mcpr.2001.0369 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology GA 489FT UT WOS:000171981900003 PM 11735297 ER PT J AU Russell, WH Carnell, K McBride, JR AF Russell, WH Carnell, K McBride, JR TI Black bear (Ursus americanus Pallas) feeding damage across timber harvest edges in northern California coast redwood (Sequoia sempervirens[D. Don] Endl.) forests, USA SO NATURAL AREAS JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE black bear; edge effects; timber harvest; tree damage; wildlife management ID GROWTH AB Feeding damage to trees by black bears (Ursus americanus Pallas) was recorded in proximity to timber harvest edges in harvested and old-growth stands of coast redwood (Sequoia sempervirens [D. Don] Endl.) in northern California, USA. Bears exhibited distinct preference in their feeding patterns related to stand structure and composition and to distance from the timber-harvest edge. Most damage was recorded within regenerating stands. Regression analysis indicated that density of damaged trees was negatively correlated with distance from timber harvest edges within old-growth stands. A significant negative correlation was also found between the density of trees damaged by bears and habitat diversity (H') as measured by the Shannon diversity index. In addition, bears exhibited preference for pole-size trees (dbh = 10-50 cm) over all other size classes, and coast redwood over other species. In general, damage by bears appeared to act as a natural thinning agent in even-aged stands. No damage was recorded in old-growth stands except in close proximity to the timber-harvest edge where subcanopy recruitment was high. C1 US Geol Survey, Golden Gate Field Stn, Sausalito, CA 94965 USA. Watershed Stewards Project, Ft Bragg, CA 95437 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Forest Sci Div, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Russell, WH (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Golden Gate Field Stn, Bldg 1063, Sausalito, CA 94965 USA. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 7 PU NATURAL AREAS ASSOCIATION PI ROCKFORD PA 320 SOUTH THIRD STREET, ROCKFORD, IL 61104 USA SN 0885-8608 J9 NAT AREA J JI Nat. Areas J. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 21 IS 4 BP 324 EP 329 PG 6 WC Ecology; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA 486NF UT WOS:000171823300005 ER PT J AU Harrop, JS Sharan, AD Benitez, RP Armonda, R Thomas, J Rosenwasser, RH AF Harrop, JS Sharan, AD Benitez, RP Armonda, R Thomas, J Rosenwasser, RH TI Prevention of carotid angioplasty-induced bradycardia and hypotension with temporary venous pacemakers SO NEUROSURGERY LA English DT Article DE angioplasty; bradycardia; carotid artery; hypotension; pacemaker; stent ID CORONARY-CARE UNIT; HEMODYNAMIC INSTABILITY; ELDERLY PATIENTS; ENDARTERECTOMY; COMPLICATIONS; ARTERY; SINUS; RISK; EXPERIENCE; STENOSIS AB OBJECTIVE: Carotid angioplasty with stent placement is becoming an established treatment modality for patients with high-risk carotid stenosis. Unlike carotid endarterectomy, angioplasty causes direct mechanical dilation of the stenotic carotid artery and bulb. Stimulation of the sinus baroreceptors induces a reflexive response that consists of increased parasympathetic discharge and inhibition of sympathetic tone, which results in bradycardia and subsequent cardiogenic hypotension. METHODS: At a single institution, the experience with 43 patients treated from November 1994 to January 2000 with 47 angioplasty and stent procedures for occlusive carotid artery disease was retrospectively reviewed. Prophylactic temporary venous pacemakers were used to prevent hypotension from possible angioplasty-induced bradycardia. Pacemakers were set to capture a heart rate decrease below 60 beats per minute. Variables analyzed included demographics, etiology of disease, side of the lesion, the presence of symptoms, history of coronary artery disease, percent stenosis, type of stent used, number of dilations, pressure of dilation, and angioplasty balloon diameter. RESULTS: Ten patients were excluded because pacemakers were not used during their angioplasty procedures, and these included three emergencies and a lesion that was unrelated anatomically to the carotid sinus (petrous carotid). The remaining 37 procedures were performed in 33 patients with a mean age of 67 years, and consisted of 17 men, 16 women, 20 right and 17 left-sided lesions. The pacemakers maintained a cardiac rhythm in 23 (62%) of the 37 procedures and in no case did the pacemaker fail to respond when activated. Recurrent (56%; 10 of 18), radiation-induced (78%; 7 of 9), and medically refractory carotid stenosis (67%; 6 of 9) required intraprocedural pacing. Two patients with recurrent stenosis became hypotensive despite the aid of the pacing device but were not symptomatic. Seventy-nine percent (15 of 19) of symptomatic lesions and 57% (8 of 14) of nonsymptomatic lesions required pacing, which was statistically significant (P = 0.049). No patient experienced an operative morbidity or mortality as a consequence of the temporary pacing devices. CONCLUSION: Angioplasty-induced bradycardia is a common condition, and it is more prevalent in radiation-induced stenosis and with symptomatic lesions. Temporary venous demand pacing is a safe procedure and may prevent life-threatening, baroreceptor-induced hypotension. C1 Thomas Jefferson Univ Hosp, Div Intervent & Cerebrovasc Surg, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA. Thomas Jefferson Univ Hosp, Dept Neurosurg, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Neurosurg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Harrop, JS (reprint author), Cleveland Clin Fdn, Dept Neurosurg, S80,9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA. NR 39 TC 36 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-396X J9 NEUROSURGERY JI Neurosurgery PD OCT PY 2001 VL 49 IS 4 BP 814 EP 820 DI 10.1097/00006123-200110000-00006 PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology; Surgery SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Surgery GA 477JD UT WOS:000171279600011 PM 11564241 ER PT J AU Mackie, DM Tayag, TJ Batchman, TE AF Mackie, DM Tayag, TJ Batchman, TE TI Polarization separation/combination based on self-imaging SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE multimode interference; self-imaging effect; Talbot effect; polarization separation; multiplexing; demultiplexing; waveguide components; integrated optics ID MULTIMODE INTERFERENCE COUPLERS; WAVELENGTH-DIVISION MULTIPLEXER; WAVE-GUIDES; PLANAR; DESIGN; DEMULTIPLEXER; DEVICES AB An integrated optical device for the separation/combination of orthogonal polarizations is described. The device relies on simultaneous symmetric and antisymmetric 1 x 1 off-center self-imaging. Calculations show that 90% throughput and 0.1 % crosstalk can often be attained, with device length less than or comparable to other integrated optical polarization separation devices. The device is passive, requires only a single mask, and is not restricted to a specific fabrication method or material system. Devices can even be made in isotropic material systems with a deep etch. Simulation results are presented for the lithium niobate and glass waveguide material systems. (C) 2001 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 USA, Res Lab, Opt Branch, AMSRL SE EM, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Texas Christian Univ, Dept Engn, Ft Worth, TX 76129 USA. Univ Nevada, Reno Coll Engn, Off Dean, Reno, NV 89557 USA. RP Mackie, DM (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Opt Branch, AMSRL SE EM, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 25 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPIE-INT SOCIETY OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 40 IS 10 BP 2265 EP 2272 DI 10.1117/1.1402623 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA 492AD UT WOS:000172142500032 ER PT J AU Yang, JK Kath, WL Menyuk, CR AF Yang, JK Kath, WL Menyuk, CR TI Polarization mode dispersion probability distribution for arbitrary distances SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID BIREFRINGENCE; FIBERS AB The probability distribution of the differential group delay (DGD) at any fiber length is determined by use of a physically reasonable model of the fiber birefringence. We show that if the fiber correlation length is of the same order as or larger than the beat length, the DGD distribution approaches a Maxwellian in roughly 30 fiber correlation lengths, corresponding to a couple of kilometers in realistic cases. We also find that the probability distribution function of the polarization dispersion vector at the output of the fiber depends on the angle between it and the local birefringence vector on the Poincare sphere, showing that the DGD remains correlated with the orientation of the local birefringence axes over arbitrarily long distances. (C) 2001 Optical Society of America. C1 Univ Vermont, Dept Math & Stat, Burlington, VT 05401 USA. Northwestern Univ, Robert R McCormick Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Comp Sci & Elect Engn, Catonsville, MD 21228 USA. USA, Res Lab, Telecommun Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20755 USA. RP Yang, JK (reprint author), Univ Vermont, Dept Math & Stat, Burlington, VT 05401 USA. EM jyang@emba.uvm.edu RI Kath, William/B-6771-2009 NR 8 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 EI 1539-4794 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD OCT 1 PY 2001 VL 26 IS 19 BP 1472 EP 1474 DI 10.1364/OL.26.001472 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 475PR UT WOS:000171173700004 PM 18049638 ER PT J AU Sniezek, JC Netterville, JL Sabri, AN AF Sniezek, JC Netterville, JL Sabri, AN TI Vagal paragangliomas SO OTOLARYNGOLOGIC CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article ID CAROTID-BODY TUMORS; GLOMUS-JUGULARE TUMORS; PARAPHARYNGEAL SPACE; SKULL BASE; RADIATION-THERAPY; NECK; MANAGEMENT; SURGERY; HEAD; DIAGNOSIS AB The management of vagal paragangliomas is extremely challenging. Treatment of these lesions must be tailored individually for each patient. The best treatment modality depends on the patient's age and health and the size and extent of the tumor. This article discusses clinical presentation, multicentric and malignant vagal paragangliomas, evaluation, embolization, surgical management, and special considerations in the management of vagal paragangliomas. C1 Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. RP Sniezek, JC (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol, MCHK DSH, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 44 TC 18 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0030-6665 J9 OTOLARYNG CLIN N AM JI Otolaryngol. Clin. N. Am. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 34 IS 5 BP 925 EP + DI 10.1016/S0030-6665(05)70355-8 PG 16 WC Otorhinolaryngology SC Otorhinolaryngology GA 485FX UT WOS:000171743800008 PM 11557447 ER PT J AU Sniezek, JC Sabri, AN Netterville, JL AF Sniezek, JC Sabri, AN Netterville, JL TI Paraganglioma surgery - Complications and treatment SO OTOLARYNGOLOGIC CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article ID SKULL BASE; PARALYSIS; TUMORS AB Paragangliomas are vasculature in nature and are surrounded by vital neurovascular structures. The extirpation of these lesions requires careful preoperative evaluation, meticulous surgical technique, and the aid of experienced skull base surgical and rehabilitative teams. When surgery is performed in this way, complications can be minimized, and the function of the upper aerodigestive tract can be protected. C1 Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. RP Sniezek, JC (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol, MCHK DSH, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 12 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0030-6665 J9 OTOLARYNG CLIN N AM JI Otolaryngol. Clin. N. Am. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 34 IS 5 BP 993 EP + DI 10.1016/S0030-6665(05)70359-5 PG 15 WC Otorhinolaryngology SC Otorhinolaryngology GA 485FX UT WOS:000171743800012 PM 11557451 ER PT J AU Kemnitz, CP Johnson, RF Merullo, DJ Rice, VJ AF Kemnitz, CP Johnson, RF Merullo, DJ Rice, VJ TI Relation of rifle stock length and weight to military rifle marksmanship performance by men and women SO PERCEPTUAL AND MOTOR SKILLS LA English DT Article AB 15 male and 13 female soldiers participated in a study to examine the effects of sex, rifle stock length (17.8 cm, 22.3 cm, and 26.2 cm), and rifle weight (3.2 kg vs 3.8 kg) on military marksmanship performance. The Noptel simulator was used to assess marksmanship accuracy (proximity of shots to the target center) and precision (proximity of shots to one another regardless of proximity to the target center), There were no significant differences in either measure of marksmanship performance as a function of sex. Marksmanship accuracy was significantly better with the shortest rifle stock, and marksmanship precision was significantly better with the lighter rifle. Regardless of the sex of the shooter, stock length and weapon weight should be considered in any new combat rifle design as these results indicate they significantly affect marksmanship. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Performance Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Superior, WI USA. USA, Dept Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. USA, Ctr Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. USA, Sch Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Johnson, RF (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Performance Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERCEPTUAL MOTOR SKILLS PI MISSOULA PA PO BOX 9229, MISSOULA, MT 59807 USA SN 0031-5125 J9 PERCEPT MOTOR SKILL JI Percept. Mot. Skills PD OCT PY 2001 VL 93 IS 2 BP 479 EP 485 DI 10.2466/PMS.93.5.479-485 PG 7 WC Psychology, Experimental SC Psychology GA 500RK UT WOS:000172640400024 PM 11769906 ER PT J AU Kant, GJ Bauman, RA Feaster, SR Anderson, SM Saviolakis, G Garcia, GE AF Kant, GJ Bauman, RA Feaster, SR Anderson, SM Saviolakis, G Garcia, GE TI The combined effects of pyridostigmine and chronic stress on brain cortical and blood acetylcholinesterase, corticosterone, prolactin and alternation performance in rats SO PHARMACOLOGY BIOCHEMISTRY AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE pyridostigmine; physostigmine; chronic stress; Gulf War illness; blood brain barrier; corticosterone; prolactin ID GULF-WAR VETERANS; ORAL PYRIDOSTIGMINE; SUSTAINED STRESS; PLASMA HORMONES; FEMALE RATS; GUINEA-PIGS; PHYSOSTIGMINE; ACQUISITION; SOMAN; CHOLINESTERASE AB Thousands of soldiers who served in the Gulf War have symptoms that have been collectively termed Gulf War Illness (GWI). It has been suggested that a combination of operational stress and pyridostigmine, a drug given as a pretreatment to protect soldiers against the effects of exposure to nerve agents, might have had unexpected adverse health effects causing these symptoms. Our laboratory has previously modeled operational stress in rats using a paradigm of around-the-clock intermittent signalled footshock. In the present studies, this model was used to investigate the potential synergistic effects of chronic stress and pyridostigmine on physiology and behavior. Seventy-two rats were trained to perform an alternation leverpressing task to earn their entire daily food intake. The rats were then implanted with osmotic minipumps containing vehicle, pyridostigmine (25 mg/ml pyridostigmine bromide) or physostigmine (20 mg/ml eserine hemisulfate). The pumps delivered 1 mul/h, which resulted in a cumulative dosing of approximately 1.5 mg/kg/day of pyridostigmine or 1.2 mg/kg/day of physostigmine, equimolar doses of the two drugs. The rats were then returned to their home cages where performance continued to be measured 24 h/day. After 4 days, 24 of the 72 rats were trained to escaped signalled footshock (avoidance-escape group) and 24 other rats (yoked-stressed group) were each paired to a rat in the avoidance-escape group. The remaining 24 rats were not subjected to footshock (unstressed group). Shock trials were intermittently presented in the home cage 24 h/day for 3 days, while alternation performance continued to be measured. Since only 12 test cages were available, each condition was repeated. to achieve a final n of six rats per group. Pyridostigmine and physostigmine each decreased blood acetylcholinesterase levels by approximately 50%. Physostigmine also decreased brain cortical acetylcholinesterase levels by approximately 50%, while pyridostigmine had no effect on cortical acetylcholinesterase activity. Alternation performance was impaired on the first day of stress and then recovered. Neither pyridostigmine nor physostigmine affected performance in the absence of stress or increased the effects of stress alone. Corticosterone was significantly increased in the yoked stress group compared to unstressed controls. These data suggest that pyridostigmine does not exacerbate the effects of stress on performance or levels of stress hormones. Furthermore, these data do not suggest that stress enables pyridostigmine to cross the blood brain barrier. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Biochem, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Kant, GJ (reprint author), 1124 Dennis Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20901 USA. NR 47 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 2 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0091-3057 J9 PHARMACOL BIOCHEM BE JI Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. PD OCT-NOV PY 2001 VL 70 IS 2-3 BP 209 EP 218 DI 10.1016/S0091-3057(01)00596-2 PG 10 WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 491YX UT WOS:000172139100005 PM 11701190 ER PT J AU Dutta, M Alexson, D Bergman, L Nemanich, RJ Dupuis, R Kim, KW Komirenko, S Stroscio, M AF Dutta, M Alexson, D Bergman, L Nemanich, RJ Dupuis, R Kim, KW Komirenko, S Stroscio, M TI Phonons in III-V nitrides: Confined phonons and interface phonons SO PHYSICA E LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Rutherford Memorial Workshop on Semiconductor Nanostructures CY FEB 05-09, 2001 CL QUEENSTOWN, NEW ZEALAND SP USAF Off Sci Res, Asian Off Aerosp Res & Dev, USN, Off Naval Res Int Field Off, USA Res Off Far E, Japan Soc Promot Sci, 151st Comm Nanometre Struct & Electr, Royal Soc New Zealand, Elsevier Sci, Keithley Instruments, Air New Zealand DE confined optical phonons; Raman scattering; wurtzites; nitrides ID POLAR OPTICAL PHONONS; WURTZITE CRYSTALS; QUANTUM-WELLS; SCATTERING AB Phonons in III-V nitrides are examined experimentally for dimensionally confined systems and for alloys of InGaN with a view towards understanding the phonon modes of these systems. Results are compared with the predictions of Loudon's model for uniaxial semiconductors. The modes of the InGaN system are compared with those of the AlGaN ternary alloy. The first Raman measurements of interface phonons in binary GaN-AlN superlattices are presented. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Off, Army Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Univ N Carolina, Dept Phys, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA. Univ Idaho, Dept Phys, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. Univ Texas, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Dutta, M (reprint author), USA, Res Off, Army Res Lab, POB 12211, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. NR 12 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 4 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1386-9477 J9 PHYSICA E JI Physica E PD OCT PY 2001 VL 11 IS 2-3 BP 277 EP 280 DI 10.1016/S1386-9477(01)00217-X PG 4 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 485HC UT WOS:000171746600043 ER PT J AU Brandt, HE AF Brandt, HE TI Inconclusive rate in quantum key distribution SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID OPERATOR-VALUED MEASURE; CRYPTOGRAPHY AB After summarizing a recent calculation of the maximum Renyi information loss (for fixed error and inconclusive rates) from a positive operator valued measure (POVM) quantum cryptographic receiver to a general unitary probe, I calculate the worst inconclusive rate for the legitimate receiver. Disturbed inconclusive rates are considered which are less, as well as greater, than the unperturbed inconclusive rate. I also demonstrate that for an optimized individual attack there is a minimum induced error rate which is fixed by the induced inconclusive rate. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Brandt, HE (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 6 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD OCT PY 2001 VL 64 IS 4 AR 042316 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.64.042316 PG 5 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 482ZU UT WOS:000171609900038 ER PT J AU Centini, M D'Aguanno, G Scalora, M Sibilia, C Bertolotti, M Bloemer, MJ Bowden, CM AF Centini, M D'Aguanno, G Scalora, M Sibilia, C Bertolotti, M Bloemer, MJ Bowden, CM TI Simultaneously phase-matched enhanced second and third harmonic generation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID PHOTONIC BAND-GAP; LINBO3 WAVE-GUIDE; 2ND-HARMONIC GENERATION; 3RD-HARMONIC GENERATION; 2ND; FINITE; FILMS AB Second and third harmonic generation via a chi ((2)) three-wave mixing process can occur with high conversion efficiency in a one-dimensional photonic band gap structure. We find that it is possible to simultaneously achieve enhancement and exact phase-matching conditions of second harmonic and sum frequency generation, omega +2 omega-->3 omega. It is also remarkable that high conversion efficiencies persist under tuning conditions that correspond to a phase mismatch. While these conditions are quite unusual and cannot be achieved in any known bulk material, we show that they can be easily obtained in finite layered structures by using and balancing an interplay between material dispersion and the geometrical dispersion introduced by the structure. C1 Univ Roma La Sapienza, INFM, I-00161 Rome, Italy. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Energet, I-00161 Rome, Italy. USA, Weap Sci Directorate, Aviat & Missile Command, AMSAM,RD,WS,ST, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. Time Domain Corp, Huntsville, AL 35806 USA. RP Centini, M (reprint author), Univ Roma La Sapienza, INFM, Via Scarpa 16, I-00161 Rome, Italy. EM mscalora@ws.redstone.army.mil OI CENTINI, MARCO/0000-0003-0625-0054 NR 21 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD OCT PY 2001 VL 64 IS 4 AR 046606 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.64.046606 PN 2 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 483RF UT WOS:000171649100097 PM 11690169 ER PT J AU Tanoglu, M McKnight, SH Palmese, GR Gillespie, JW AF Tanoglu, M McKnight, SH Palmese, GR Gillespie, JW TI Dynamic stress/strain response of the interphase in polymer matrix composites SO POLYMER COMPOSITES LA English DT Article ID FIBER PUSH-OUT; STRAIN-RATE; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; EPOXY COMPOSITES; INTERFACE; BEHAVIOR; RESIN; TEMPERATURE; STRENGTH; SURFACE AB The interphases. of various sized E-glass-fiber/epoxy-amine systems were tested at displacement rates in the range of 230 to 2450 mum/sec using a new experimental technique (dynamic micro-debonding technique). The fiber systems include unsized, epoxy-amine compatible sized, and epoxy-amine incompatible sized glass fibers. A data reduction scheme was developed to relate the force vs. displacement response obtained from the dynamic micro-debonding technique to interphase shear stress/strain response. The stress/strain curves and interphase shear modulus values were obtained from these composite systems under average shear strain rates (ASSR) in the range of 215-3278 (1/s). The results showed that the magnitude of the interphase shear modulus was sizing and strain rate dependent In all cases, the shear modulus was found to be more compliant than the bulk matrix. The two sized fiber systems exhibited the highest strain rate sensitivity, with modulus increasing about threefold over the range studied. In addition, the rate dependent behavior of the model interphase materials were determined using the dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) technique. The model interphase materials closely resemble the interphase that forms on unsized and compatible sized fibers. Master curves relating the flexural storage modulus to strain rate were constructed based on the time-temperature superposition principle from DMA frequency sweep measurements. The DMA measured results are consistent with the dynamic micro-debonding test results, providing confidence in the test method as a reliable technique for characterizing the high strain rate properties of the interphase in composites. C1 Univ Delaware, Ctr Composite Mat, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. Univ Delaware, Ctr Composite Mat, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Gillespie, JW (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Ctr Composite Mat, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. OI Tanoglu, Metin/0000-0001-9770-1302 NR 44 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 11 PU SOC PLASTICS ENG INC PI BROOKFIELD PA 14 FAIRFIELD DR, BROOKFIELD, CT 06804-0403 USA SN 0272-8397 J9 POLYM COMPOSITE JI Polym. Compos. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 22 IS 5 BP 621 EP 635 DI 10.1002/pc.10565 PG 15 WC Materials Science, Composites; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Polymer Science GA 486WT UT WOS:000171840500005 ER PT J AU Hsiao, KT Gillespie, JW Advani, SG Fink, BK AF Hsiao, KT Gillespie, JW Advani, SG Fink, BK TI Role of vacuum pressure and port locations on flow front control for liquid composite molding processes SO POLYMER COMPOSITES LA English DT Article ID FILLING ANALYSIS AB In this paper, the influence of air pressure gradients at the flow front, due to the presence of two air vents under different vacuum pressures, is investigated for Liquid Composites Molding (LCM) Processes such as Resin Transfer Molding (RTM) and Vacuum Assisted Resin Transfer Molding (VARTM). An analytical model is introduced to predict the pressure distribution. It is suggested that the air pressure variation along the flow front can be used to control the flow front progression during the injection molding processes. The parametric studies identify a simple relationship that captures the most important process physics, which in practice can be implemented for flow front control. C1 Univ Delaware, Ctr Composite Mat, Dept Mech Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. Univ Delaware, Ctr Composite Mat, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. Univ Delaware, Ctr Composite Mat, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Hsiao, KT (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Ctr Composite Mat, Dept Mech Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. NR 12 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 5 PU SOC PLASTICS ENG INC PI BROOKFIELD PA 14 FAIRFIELD DR, BROOKFIELD, CT 06804-0403 USA SN 0272-8397 J9 POLYM COMPOSITE JI Polym. Compos. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 22 IS 5 BP 660 EP 667 DI 10.1002/pc.10568 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Composites; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Polymer Science GA 486WT UT WOS:000171840500008 ER PT J AU Robbins, RG Platt, SG AF Robbins, RG Platt, SG TI First report of Amblyomma supinoi Neumann (Acari : Ixodida : Ixodidae) from the Arakan forest turtle, Geoemyda depressa Anderson (Reptilia : Testudines : Emydidae), with additional records of this tick from the union of Myanmar SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Armed Forces Pest Management Board, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Robbins, RG (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Armed Forces Pest Management Board, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 103 IS 4 BP 1023 EP 1024 PG 2 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 482MC UT WOS:000171579100024 ER PT J AU Jonsson, CB Gallegos, J Fero, P Severson, W Xu, XL Schmaljohn, CS AF Jonsson, CB Gallegos, J Fero, P Severson, W Xu, XL Schmaljohn, CS TI Purification and characterization of the sin nombre virus nucleocapsid protein expressed in Escherichia coli SO PROTEIN EXPRESSION AND PURIFICATION LA English DT Article ID HANTAVIRUS-PULMONARY-SYNDROME; BINDING; RNA AB Sin Nombre virus is a member of the Hantavirus genus, family Bunyaviridae, and is an etiologic agent of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. The hantavirus nucleocapsid (N) protein plays an important role in the encapsidation and assembly of the viral negative-sense genomic RNA. The Sin Nombre N protein was expressed as a C-terminal hexahistidine fusion in Escherichia coli and initially purified by nickel-affinity chromatography. We developed methods to extract the soluble fraction and to solubilize the remainder of the N protein using denaturants. Maximal expression of protein from native purification was observed after a 1.5-h induction with IPTG (2.4 mg/L). The zwitterionic detergent Chaps did not enhance the yield of native purifications, but increased the yield of protein obtained from insoluble purifications. Both soluble and insoluble materials, purified by nickel-affinity chromatography, were also subjected to Hi Trap SP Sepharose fast-flow (FF) chromatography. Both soluble and insoluble proteins had a similar A(280) profile on the Sepharose FF column, and both suggested the presence of a nucleic acid contaminant. The apparent dissociation constant of the N protein, purified by nickel-affinity and SP Sepharose FF chromatography, and the 5' end of the viral S-segment genome were measured using a filter binding assay. The N protein-vRNA complex had an apparent dissociation constant of 140 nM. (C) 2001 Academic Press. C1 New Mexico State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. New Mexico State Univ, Grad Program Mol Biol, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. USA, Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Jonsson, CB (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [R03 AI041114, R03 AI041114-03] NR 13 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1046-5928 J9 PROTEIN EXPRES PURIF JI Protein Expr. Purif. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 23 IS 1 BP 134 EP 141 DI 10.1006/prep.2001.1489 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 479DH UT WOS:000171388300017 PM 11570855 ER PT J AU Keith, B AF Keith, B TI Organizational contexts and university performance outcomes: The limited role of purposive action in the management of institutional status SO RESEARCH IN HIGHER EDUCATION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 39th Annual Forum of the Association-for-Institutional-Research CY MAY 30-JUN 02, 1999 CL SEATTLE, WASHINGTON SP Assoc Inst Res DE status; contexts; performance; outcomes ID FIT INDEX; PRESTIGE; PRODUCTIVITY; DEPARTMENTS; EDUCATION; MODELS AB Institutional researchers and decision makers have long been interested in the management of university status. To this end, the present inquiry examines the stability of various university performance indicators representing size, student aptitude, faculty scholarship, graduate programs, and ratings. Although these various institutional attributes are associated with status, changes in their characteristics are not found to be associated with changes in status. Instead, institutional status is found to be quite stable over time, largely predicated on past status levels. These findings offer a forum within which to discuss university status for the purpose of managing institutional change. C1 US Mil Acad, MADN AAD, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Keith, B (reprint author), US Mil Acad, MADN AAD, Bldg 600,Room 10, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 51 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 3 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC-HUMAN SCIENCES PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1578 USA SN 0361-0365 J9 RES HIGH EDUC JI Res. High. Educ. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 42 IS 5 BP 493 EP 516 DI 10.1023/A:1011065225763 PG 24 WC Education & Educational Research SC Education & Educational Research GA 623TR UT WOS:000179719400001 ER PT J AU Schmidt, KA Schneider, H Lindstrom, JA Boslego, JW Warren, RA Van de Verg, L Deal, CD McClain, JB Griffiss, JM AF Schmidt, KA Schneider, H Lindstrom, JA Boslego, JW Warren, RA Van de Verg, L Deal, CD McClain, JB Griffiss, JM TI Experimental gonococcal urethritis and reinfection with homologous gonococci in male volunteers SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID NEISSERIA-GONORRHOEAE MS11MKC; LIPOOLIGOSACCHARIDE EPITOPE 2C7; SEROVAR-SPECIFIC IMMUNITY; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; INFECTION; EXPRESSION; PROTEINS; MEN; MENINGITIDIS; DEFICIENCY AB Background: Reinfection, a common occurrence with gonorrhea, may result from a lack of protective immune response, or from the tremendous gonococcal strain variation. Goal: A two-phase study in human volunteers tested whether experimental infection with Neisseria gonorrhoeae MS11mkC would protect against reinfection with the same organisms. Study Design: In phase 1, an intraurethral inoculum of 57,000 piliated, transparent (opacity protein-negative [Opa(-)]) MS11mkC N gonorrhoeae infected 14 of 15 (93%) volunteers. The volunteers were encouraged to delay treatment for at least 5 days. In phase 2, which began 2 weeks after treatment for the initial infection, volunteers were inoculated with 7,100 piliated, Opa(-) MS11mkC. Results: The phase 2 challenge infected 6 of 14 (43%) previously infected volunteers and 5 of 10 (50%) naive control subjects. Phase I volunteers who resisted reinfection were significantly more likely to have had a fourfold or greater increase in lipooligosaccharide immunoglobulin G during phase I than those who did not resist reinfection (P = 0.026). Conclusions: Although infection did not provide protection from reinfection under the conditions used, the results suggest that immunity to reinfection is more complex than anticipated by the experimental design. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Bacterial Dis, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Clin Trials, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Ctr Immunochem, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Lab Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Schmidt, KA (reprint author), Dartmouth Coll Sch Med, Dept Microbiol, 206 Vail, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. FU PHS HHS [P01 A13 4582] NR 57 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 28 IS 10 BP 555 EP 564 DI 10.1097/00007435-200110000-00001 PG 10 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 479NF UT WOS:000171409900001 PM 11689753 ER PT J AU Giurgiutiu, V Jichi, F Berman, JB Kamphaus, JM AF Giurgiutiu, V Jichi, F Berman, JB Kamphaus, JM TI Theoretical and experimental investigation of magnetostrictive composite beams SO SMART MATERIALS & STRUCTURES LA English DT Article AB Among novel non-destructive evaluation techniques for structural health monitoring, the magnetostrictive (MS)-tagged fiber-reinforced composites stands out as especially suitable due to: (a) distributed sensory properties, (b) non-contact damage detection, and (c) straightforward manufacturing implementation. Experimental data and mathematical modeling of a MS-tagged fiber reinforced composite beam under bending (flexural) loading are presented. A brief review of the state of the art identifies previous work on axially loaded MS composites, but finds no previous work on bending. Description of bending beam design and fabrication is followed by theoretical analysis and by the description of the experimental set-up and equipment used. Several analysis models were used. Test data, with and without applying magnetic bias field between loading cycles, is presented and results are discussed. Numerical values for the stress and strain versus magnetic flux density coefficients are given for both annealed and non-annealed cases. Piezomagnetic coefficients for the MS composite are calculated. The correlation between the results developed in the present paper for bending and previously published results for axial loading is found to be within 10% after correction factors depending on the quantity of the MS material. C1 Univ S Carolina, Dept Mech Engn, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Erdc, CERL, Champaign, IL 61822 USA. RI Giurgiutiu, Victor/F-1394-2011; GIURGIUTIU, VICTOR/B-3137-2012 NR 18 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0964-1726 J9 SMART MATER STRUCT JI Smart Mater. Struct. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 10 IS 5 BP 934 EP 945 DI 10.1088/0964-1726/10/5/310 PG 12 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Materials Science GA 491WF UT WOS:000172132500010 ER PT J AU Ales, NC Daniels, JT Frizell, ER Koff, JM Kaplan, KJ Wortmann, GW AF Ales, NC Daniels, JT Frizell, ER Koff, JM Kaplan, KJ Wortmann, GW TI Multiple myeloma-associated amyloidosis manifesting as fulminant hepatic failure SO SOUTHERN MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID PRIMARY SYSTEMIC AMYLOIDOSIS C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Ales, NC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, 6900 Georgia Ave, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 7 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOUTHERN MEDICAL ASSN PI BIRMINGHAM PA 35 LAKESHORE DR PO BOX 190088, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35219 USA SN 0038-4348 J9 SOUTHERN MED J JI South.Med.J. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 94 IS 10 BP 1036 EP 1038 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 489QL UT WOS:000172002900021 PM 11702819 ER PT J AU Ellzy, MW Jensen, JO Hameka, HF Kay, JG Zeroka, D AF Ellzy, MW Jensen, JO Hameka, HF Kay, JG Zeroka, D TI Vibrational frequencies and structural determinations of 1,4-thioxane SO SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE 1,4-thioxane; infrared spectra; vibrational frequencies; structural determinations AB We present a detailed analysis of the structure and infrared spectra of 1,4-thioxane. The vibrational frequencies of the 1,4-thioxane molecule were analyzed using standard quantum chemical techniques. Frequencies were calculated at the MP2 and DFT levels of theory using the standard 6-31G* basis set. The structural transformation of the chemical agent bis (2-chloroethyl) sulfide (HD, mustard gas) and the related symmetry to a previously study compound((4)) makes the symmetry of the 1,4-thioxane molecule an interesting candidate for study. The molecule exists normally in a C-s configuration similar to the chair form of cyclohexane. High-energy forms of 1,4-thioxane with C-1 and C-2 symmetry also exist. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Edgewood Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Univ Penn, Dept Chem, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Drexel Univ, Dept Chem, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Lehigh Univ, Dept Chem, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. RP Ellzy, MW (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 15 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1386-1425 J9 SPECTROCHIM ACTA A JI Spectroc. Acta Pt. A-Molec. Biomolec. Spectr. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 57 IS 12 BP 2417 EP 2432 DI 10.1016/S1386-1425(01)00423-1 PG 16 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA 491WB UT WOS:000172132100010 PM 11767836 ER PT J AU Godfrey, TA Rossettos, JN AF Godfrey, TA Rossettos, JN TI A constitutive model for blended yarn extension with fragmented low-elongation fibers SO TEXTILE RESEARCH JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID BRITTLE-MATRIX COMPOSITES; STRENGTH AB A simple micromechanical model is developed for the interactions in a parallel square-stacked mixed array of elastic fibers representing the microstructure of a blended yarn undergoing axial extension. The mixed array consists of a small fraction of relatively high modulus, low elongation-to-break (LE) fibers dispersed among high elongation-to-break (HE) fibers. The LE fibers are assumed to break into fragments, and the LE fiber fragments are assumed to slip relative to neighboring fibers in regions near the fragment tips. The fiber array experiences lateral compression arising from the remote tension on the twisted yam, and frictional forces acting at slipping fiber-to-fiber contact surfaces are assumed to obey Amontons' law. Solutions of a dimensionless boundary value problem for deformations in a unit cell of the fiber array are presented. Dimensionless, parameters involving the constituent LE and HE fiber properties are identified and their influence on blended yam tensile behavior is illustrated. C1 USA, Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Natwick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Northeastern Univ, Dept Mech Ind & Mfg Engn, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Godfrey, TA (reprint author), USA, Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Natwick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 26 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 5 PU TEXTILE RESEARCH INST PI PRINCETON PA PO BOX 625, PRINCETON, NJ 08540 USA SN 0040-5175 J9 TEXT RES J JI Text. Res. J. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 71 IS 10 BP 845 EP 854 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Textiles SC Materials Science GA 500EX UT WOS:000172614000001 ER PT J AU Howard, S Dellacorte, C Valco, MJ Prahl, JM Heshmat, H AF Howard, S Dellacorte, C Valco, MJ Prahl, JM Heshmat, H TI Dynamic stiffness and damping characteristics of a high-temperature air foil journal bearing SO TRIBOLOGY TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT STLE/ASME Tribology Conference CY OCT 21-24, 2001 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA SP STLE, ASME DE fluid film compliant bearings; foil bearings; gas bearings; turbomachinery AB Using a high-temperature optically based displacement measurement system, a foil air bearing's stiffness and damping characteristics were experimentally determined. Results were obtained over a range of modified Sommerfeld Number from 1.5E6 to 1.5E7, and at temperatures front 25 degrees to 538 degreesC. An Experimental procedure was developed comparing the error in two curve fitting functions to reveal different modes of physical behavior throughout the operating domain. The maxi mum change in dimensionless stiffness was 3.0E-2 to 6.5E-2 over the Sommerfeld Number range tested. Stiffness decreased with temperature by as much as a factor of two front 25 degrees to 538 degreesC. Dimensionless damping was a stronger function of Sommerfeld Number ranging from 20 to 300. As the temperature is increased, the damping shifts from a viscous type to a frictional type. C1 USA, NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Res Lab, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. Mohawk Innovat Technol Inc, Albany, NY USA. RP Howard, S (reprint author), USA, NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Res Lab, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. NR 9 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 1 U2 7 PU SOC TRIBOLOGISTS & LUBRICATION ENGINEERS PI PARK RIDGE PA 840 BUSSE HIGHWAY, PARK RIDGE, IL 60068 USA SN 1040-2004 J9 TRIBOL T JI Tribol. Trans. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 44 IS 4 BP 657 EP 663 DI 10.1080/10402000108982507 PG 7 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 483VM UT WOS:000171656600018 ER PT J AU Schwartz, BF Chatham, JR Bretan, P Goharderakhshan, R Stoller, ML AF Schwartz, BF Chatham, JR Bretan, P Goharderakhshan, R Stoller, ML TI Treatment of refractory kidney transplant ureteral strictures using balloon cautery endoureterotomy SO UROLOGY LA English DT Article ID URETEROPELVIC JUNCTION OBSTRUCTION; TERM FOLLOW-UP; RENAL-TRANSPLANTATION; STENOSIS; MANAGEMENT; ENDOPYELOTOMY; COMPLICATIONS; CATHETER AB Objectives. To report our long-term clinical results with the use of endoureterotomy in patients undergoing renal transplant with a minimum follow-up of 23 months. Methods. Six renal transplant patients developed persistent ureteral obstruction demonstrated by elevated serum creatinine levels, renal ultrasound, and antegrade pyelography. Stent placement and balloon dilation were performed as the initial therapy in all patients. Persistent ureteral obstruction was managed with balloon cautery endoureterotomy. Ureteral stents were removed cystoscopically 6 weeks after the procedure. Results. Four men and 2 women, mean age 45 years (range 38 to 54), underwent eight procedures: six by way of an antegrade percutaneous approach and two in an endoscopic retrograde fashion. The sites of ureteral stricture were ureterovesical junction (n = 4), ureteropelvic junction (n = I), and midureteroureteral (n = I). Two patients required a second endoureterotomy 3 months after the first attempt. Patients were followed up for a mean of 27 months (range 23 to 34). The mean serum creatinine level for all patients at follow-up was 2.6 mg/dL (range 1.6 to 3.9), including a mean serum creatinine level of 1.8 mg/dL (range 1.6 to 1.9) for nonrejected kidneys and a mean of 3.4 mg/dL (range 2.5 to 3.9) in those found to have concurrent rejection. Overall, five (63%) of eight procedures were successful in 5 (83%) of 6 patients. No intraoperative complications occurred and no blood transfusions were required. Conclusions. Balloon cautery endoureterotomy was successful in this select group of renal transplant patients with persistent ureteral strictures after initial balloon dilation and stenting failed. This modality proved durable to 27 months of follow-up without significant complications. (C) 2001, Elsevier Science Inc. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Urol Serv, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Med, Dept Urol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Schwartz, BF (reprint author), Laparoscopy & Minimally Invas Surg, 1325 Penn Ave,Suite 550, Ft Worth, TX 76104 USA. NR 18 TC 25 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0090-4295 J9 UROLOGY JI UROLOGY PD OCT PY 2001 VL 58 IS 4 BP 536 EP 539 DI 10.1016/S0090-4295(01)01275-4 PG 4 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 482HH UT WOS:000171570400008 PM 11597533 ER PT J AU Hill, HR Oliver, CK Lippert, LE Greenwalt, TJ Hess, JR AF Hill, HR Oliver, CK Lippert, LE Greenwalt, TJ Hess, JR TI The effects of polyvinyl chloride and polyolefin blood bags on red blood cells stored in a new additive solution SO VOX SANGUINIS LA English DT Article DE blood storage; di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate; humans; plastics; polyolefin; polyvinyl chloride; RBC ATP concentrations; RBC haemolysis; RBC storage ID PLASTICIZER; STORAGE; PHTHALATE; RBCS; SURVIVAL AB Background and Objectives Red blood cells (RBCs) must be stored in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) bags plasticized with di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate or a similar plasticizer to achieve their full storage life with conventional storage solutions. Improved storage solutions might remove this requirement and allow blood storage in other plastics. Experimental Additive Solution-61 (EAS-61), which maintains RBCs for 9 weeks with reduced haemolysis and satisfactory Cr-51 24-h recovery, is an appropriate candidate improved RBC storage solution. Materials and Methods Twenty-four units of packed RBCs were pooled in groups of four units, each pool was realiquoted into four units and stored, six pooled units per arm, in one of the following: 100 ml of EAS-61 in PVC; 200 ml of EAS-61 in PVC; 100 ml of EAS-61 in polyolefin (PO); and 200 ml of EAS-61 in PO. Haemolysis, RBC morphology indices, RBC ATP concentrations, and other measures of RBC metabolism and function were measured weekly. Results RBC haemolysis exceeded 1% by 7 weeks in PO bags containing 100 ml or 200 ml of EAS-61. In PVC bags, haemolysis was less than 1% at 11 weeks. RBC ATP concentrations were 1 mol/g of haemoglobin (Hb) higher at 2 weeks in the PVC-stored units. Conclusions RBCs stored in PVC had markedly less haemolysis and higher RBC ATP concentrations than those stored in PO. Haemolysis would limit RBC storage in PO bags to a duration of 6 weeks, even with EAS-61. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Blood Res Detachment, Silver Spring, MD USA. Univ Cincinnati, Hoxworth Blood Ctr, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Hess, JR (reprint author), 5606 Oak Pl, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. NR 20 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 5 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0042-9007 J9 VOX SANG JI Vox Sang. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 81 IS 3 BP 161 EP 166 DI 10.1046/j.1423-0410.2001.00097.x PG 6 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 481YH UT WOS:000171547700004 PM 11703858 ER PT J AU Cote, J Rakocinski, CF Randall, TA AF Cote, J Rakocinski, CF Randall, TA TI Feeding efficiency by juvenile blue crabs on two common species of micrograzer snails SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MARINE BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE blue crab; feeding efficiency; feeding selectivity; micrograzer snails; seagrass ID CALLINECTES-SAPIDUS RATHBUN; PREDATOR PREY INTERACTIONS; PANULIRUS-CYGNUS GEORGE; FORAGING BEHAVIOR; SIZE-SELECTION; SEAGRASS BEDS; MOLLUSCAN PREY; GASTROPODS; VULNERABILITY; DENSITY AB Juvenile blue crabs, Callinectes sapidus, utilize estuarine seagrass beds as nursery habitat, where they may function as keystone predators. While inhabiting seagrass habitat, juvenile blue crabs consume large numbers of two common micrograzer snails, Bittiolum varium and Astyris lunata; and thus, crab predation may influence the dynamics of these two snails. We compared predator-prey relationships between juvenile blue crabs and the two common micrograzer snails. Based on feeding efficiency criteria, B. varium was more profitable than A. lunata, and the interspecific difference in profitability increased ontogenetically for snails larger than 2 mm in length. Juvenile blue crabs selected B. varium over A. lunata in laboratory feeding trials. The diet preference was also upheld in the field. However, under laboratory conditions, the strength of this preference varied with crab size and season. Medium sized crabs selected B. varium to a greater degree than did small and large crabs. The seasonal effect likely resulted from an interaction between snail species and snail size; with the weaker preference being expressed when B. varium was distributed toward smaller sizes. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ So Mississippi, Dept Coastal Sci, Gulf Coast Res Lab, Ocean Springs, MS 39564 USA. Univ So Mississippi, Dept Marine Sci, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, RC Byrd Resident Engineer Off, Water Qual Lab, Apple Grove, WV 25502 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, New England Dist, Environm Resources Sect, Concord, MA 01742 USA. RP Rakocinski, CF (reprint author), Univ So Mississippi, Dept Coastal Sci, Gulf Coast Res Lab, 703 E Beach Dr, Ocean Springs, MS 39564 USA. NR 31 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0981 J9 J EXP MAR BIOL ECOL JI J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. PD SEP 30 PY 2001 VL 264 IS 2 BP 189 EP 208 DI 10.1016/S0022-0981(01)00315-X PG 20 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 481DC UT WOS:000171503800004 ER PT J AU Iyer, JK Milhous, WK Cortese, JF Kublin, JG Plowe, CV AF Iyer, JK Milhous, WK Cortese, JF Kublin, JG Plowe, CV TI Plasmodium falciparum cross-resistance between trimethoprim and pyrimethamine SO LANCET LA English DT Article ID DIHYDROFOLATE-REDUCTASE; COTE-DIVOIRE; SULFAMETHOXAZOLE; ABIDJAN; TRIAL AB Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole has been recommended as part of the standard package of care for people with HIV and AIDS In Africa. A similar antifolate combination, sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine, is now the first-line antimalarial drug in several of the African countries with the highest rates of HIV Infection. We present evidence of Plasmodium falciparum cross-resistance between trimethoprim and pyrimethamine at the molecular level. The impact of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole on the efficacy of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine needs to be assessed urgently, and alternative antimalarial treatment should be considered for people on trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole prophylaxis. C1 Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Ctr Vaccine Dev, Malaria Sect, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Expt Therapeut, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Plowe, CV (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Ctr Vaccine Dev, Malaria Sect, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. NR 5 TC 91 Z9 91 U1 0 U2 3 PU LANCET LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD SEP 29 PY 2001 VL 358 IS 9287 BP 1066 EP 1067 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(01)06201-8 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 479EY UT WOS:000171393100016 PM 11589941 ER PT J AU Mills, D AF Mills, D TI Factorizations of root-based polynomial compositions SO DISCRETE MATHEMATICS LA English DT Article DE finite fields; polynomial composition; polynomial factorization AB Let F-q denote the finite field of order q = p(r) p a prime and r a positive integer, and let f (x) and g(x) denote monic polynomials in F-q[x] of degrees m and n, respectively. Brawley and Carlitz (Discrete Math. 65 (1987) 115-139) introduce a general notion of root-based polynomial composition which they call the composed product and denote by f lozenge g. They prove that f lozenge g is irreducible over F-q if and only if f and g are irreducible with gcd(m, n) = 1. In this paper, we extend Brawley and Carlitz's work by examining polynomials which are composed products of irreducibles of non-coprime degrees. We give an upper bound on the number of distinct factors of f lozenge g, and we determine the possible degrees that the factors of f lozenge g can assume. We also determine when the bound on the number of factors of f lozenge g is met. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Mills, D (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Math Sci, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0012-365X J9 DISCRETE MATH JI Discret. Math. PD SEP 28 PY 2001 VL 240 IS 1-3 BP 161 EP 173 DI 10.1016/S0012-365X(00)00389-7 PG 13 WC Mathematics SC Mathematics GA 476HK UT WOS:000171220000010 ER PT J AU Leavitt, RP Little, JW AF Leavitt, RP Little, JW TI Infrared photodetector based on intersubband transitions to minigap-confined states in doped quantum wells SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID BARRIER; SUPERLATTICES; ABSORPTION AB We have demonstrated an infrared photodetector based on intersubband transitions in doped (In, Ga)As quantum wells in which the excited state is confined by the minigap between two minibands in a surrounding superlattice. Sharp peaks were observed at 78 K in the infrared photocurrent spectra in the 2.7-3.6 mum wavelength region corresponding to transitions in which the excited state energy is substantially above the (In, Al)As conduction-band edge. Broader, longer-wavelength photocurrent features corresponding to transitions into the lower-lying miniband states were also observed. The spectral features in the photocurrent spectra are well described by calculations of the optical absorption cross section.(C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 USA, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Leavitt, RP (reprint author), Quantum Photon Inc, 10335 Guilford Rd, Jessup, MD 20794 USA. NR 14 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD SEP 24 PY 2001 VL 79 IS 13 BP 2091 EP 2093 DI 10.1063/1.1374482 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 472ZQ UT WOS:000171015200054 ER PT J AU Taylor, AJ O'Malley, PG Detrano, RC AF Taylor, AJ O'Malley, PG Detrano, RC TI Comparison of coronary artery computed tomography versus fluoroscopy for the assessment of coronary artery disease prognosis SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HIGH-RISK SUBJECTS; CALCIFIC DEPOSITS; EVENTS; REPRODUCIBILITY C1 Harbor UCLA Res & Educ Inst, Div Cardiol, Dept Med, Torrance, CA 90502 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Serv Cardiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Taylor, AJ (reprint author), Harbor UCLA Res & Educ Inst, Div Cardiol, Dept Med, Bldg RB-2,1124 W Carson St, Torrance, CA 90502 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [7R01-HL-43277-02] NR 14 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 650 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-9149 J9 AM J CARDIOL JI Am. J. Cardiol. PD SEP 15 PY 2001 VL 88 IS 6 BP 675 EP 677 DI 10.1016/S0002-9149(01)01814-8 PG 3 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 471KA UT WOS:000170927500016 PM 11564395 ER PT J AU Bolan, CD Leitman, SF Griffith, LM Wesley, RA Procter, JL Stroncek, DF Barrett, AJ Childs, RW AF Bolan, CD Leitman, SF Griffith, LM Wesley, RA Procter, JL Stroncek, DF Barrett, AJ Childs, RW TI Delayed donor red cell chimerism and pure red cell aplasia following major ABO-incompatible nonmyeloablative hematopoietic stem cell transplantation SO BLOOD LA English DT Article ID BONE-MARROW TRANSPLANTATION; CHRONIC MYELOID-LEUKEMIA; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD; ANTI-A; LYMPHOCYTE INFUSION; CYCLOSPORIN-A; HOST-DISEASE; GRAFT; SYSTEM; ERYTHROPOIETIN AB Delayed donor red cell engraftment and pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) are well-recognized complications of major ABO-incompatible hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (SCT) performed by means of myeloablative conditioning. To evaluate these events following reduced-intensity nonmyeloablative SCT (NST), consecutive series of patients with major ABO incompatibility undergoing either NST (fludarabine/cyclophosphamide conditioning) or myeloablative SCT (cyclophosphamide/high-dose total body irradiation) were compared. Donor red blood cell (RBC) chimerism (initial detection of donor RBCs in peripheral blood) was markedly delayed following NST versus myeloablative SCT (median, 114 versus 40 days; P < .0001) and strongly correlated with decreasing host antidonor isohemagglutinin levels. Antidonor isohemagglutinins declined to clinically insignificant levels more slowly following NST than myeloablative SCT (median, 83 versus 44 days; P=.03). Donor RBC chimerism was delayed more than 100 days in 9 of 14 (64%) and PRCA occurred in 4 of 14 (29%) patients following NST, while neither event occurred in 12 patients following myeloablative SCT. Conversion to full donor myeloid chimerism following NST occurred significantly sooner in cases with, compared with cases without, PRCA (30 versus 98 days; P = .008). Cyclosporine withdrawal appeared to induce graft-mediated immune effects against recipient isohemagglutinin-producing cells, resulting in decreased antidonor ischemagglutinin levels and resolution of PRCA following NST. These data indicate that significantly delayed donor erythropoiesis is (1) common following major ABO-incompatible NST and (2) associated with prolonged persistence of host antidonor isohemagglutinins. The clinical manifestations of these events are affected by the degree and duration of residual host hematopoiesis. (C) 2001 by The American Society of Hematology. C1 NHLBI, Dept Transfus Med, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NHLBI, Biostat Branch, Off Director, Warren G Magnuson Clin Ctr,NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NHLBI, Hematol Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Bolan, CD (reprint author), NHLBI, Dept Transfus Med, NIH, Bldg 10,Rm 1C711,10 Ctr Dr,MSC 1184, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NR 57 TC 87 Z9 90 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD SEP 15 PY 2001 VL 98 IS 6 BP 1687 EP 1694 DI 10.1182/blood.V98.6.1687 PG 8 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 471UV UT WOS:000170947800012 PM 11535498 ER PT J AU Agrawal, PA Rice, BM Sorescu, DC Thompson, DL AF Agrawal, PA Rice, BM Sorescu, DC Thompson, DL TI Models for predicting solubilities of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) and 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-s-triazine (RDX) in supercritical CO2: isothermal-isobaric Monte Carlo simulations SO FLUID PHASE EQUILIBRIA LA English DT Article DE Monte Carlo simulation; supercritical fluid; carbon dioxide; 1,3,5-trinitro-s-triazine (RDX); 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT); molecular simulation; chemical potential; solubility; Widom test particle method ID MOLECULAR-ORBITAL CALCULATIONS; CARBON-DIOXIDE; POTENTIALS; DYNAMICS AB Solubilities of explosives 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) and 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-s-triazine (RDX) in supercritical CO2 were calculated using isothermal-isobaric Monte Carlo (NPT-MC) simulations and the Widom test particle method. Multisite interaction potentials between functional groups on the explosives and CO2 molecular centers were chosen to describe the solute-solvent interactions, and calibrated using two experimental solubility values for both cases. The results were compared to experimental data and found to be in good agreement over the range of temperatures and pressures investigated. The results were also compared to those generated using simple pair additive interaction potentials between molecular centers. For low-density regimes, solubility predictions using either mono-or multisite interaction potentials are similar. For regions corresponding to high densities (low temperature or high pressure), the significant contributions to the solubilities predicted using the multisite interaction potentials are due to specific relative orientations of the solute-solvent molecules, indicating that molecular shape and anisotropy are important in this region. Conversely, the monosite interaction potentials are completely isotropic; thus, the results for the two models differ in this density regime. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, WM,BD,Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Chem, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. Vikram Univ, Ujjain, Madhya Pradesh, India. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Chem, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RP Rice, BM (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, WM,BD,Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM betsyr@arl.mil NR 23 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-3812 J9 FLUID PHASE EQUILIBR JI Fluid Phase Equilib. PD SEP 15 PY 2001 VL 187 BP 139 EP 153 DI 10.1016/S0378-3812(01)00533-7 PG 15 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Engineering GA 474TP UT WOS:000171123200010 ER PT J AU Li, T Joshi, RP del Rosario, RD Fazi, C AF Li, T Joshi, RP del Rosario, RD Fazi, C TI Monte Carlo based analysis of intermodulation distortion behavior in GaN-AlxGa1-xN high electron mobility transistors for microwave applications SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ALGAN-GAN HETEROSTRUCTURES; LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; HIGH-FIELD TRANSPORT; WURTZITE GAN; INVERSION LAYER; 1/F NOISE; SEMICONDUCTORS; SCATTERING; ROUGHNESS; INTERFACE AB Monte Carlo based calculations of the large-signal nonlinear response characteristics of GaN-AlxGa1-xN high electron mobility transistors with particular emphasis on intermodulation distortion (IMD) have been performed. The nonlinear electrical transport is treated on first principles, all scattering mechanisms included, and both memory and distributed effects built into the model. The results demonstrate an optimal operating point for low IMD at reasonably large output power due to a minima in the IMD curve. Dependence of the nonlinear characteristics on the barrier mole fraction x is also demonstrated and analyzed. Finally, high-temperature predictions of the IMD have been made by carrying out the simulations at 600 K. An increase in dynamic range with temperature is predicted, due to a relative suppression of interface roughness scattering. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Old Dominion Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Old Dominion Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. EM rjoshi@odu.edu NR 57 TC 0 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD SEP 15 PY 2001 VL 90 IS 6 BP 3030 EP 3037 DI 10.1063/1.1390495 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 466LR UT WOS:000170647500060 ER PT J AU Komirenko, SM Kim, KW Kochelap, VA Stroscio, MA AF Komirenko, SM Kim, KW Kochelap, VA Stroscio, MA TI Runaway effects in nanoscale group-III nitride semiconductor structures SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article AB We have revisited the problem of electron runaway in strong electric fields in polar semiconductors focusing on nanoscale group-III nitride structures. By developing a transport model that accounts for the main features of electrons injected in short devices under high electric fields, we have investigated the electron distribution as a function of electron momenta and coordinates. Runaway transport is analyzed in detail. The critical field of this regime is determined for InN, GaN, and AIN. We found that the transport in the nitrides is always dissipative (i.e., no ballistic transport). For the runaway regime, however, the electrons increase their velocities with distance, which results in average velocities higher than the peak velocity in bulklike samples. We have demonstrated that the runaway electrons are characterized by a distribution function exhibiting a population inversion. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, Inst Semicond Phys, UA-252650 Kiev 28, Ukraine. USA, Res Off, Raleigh, NC 27709 USA. RP Komirenko, SM (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD SEP 15 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 11 AR 113207 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 474ZG UT WOS:000171136700015 ER PT J AU Duffy, PE Fried, M AF Duffy, PE Fried, M TI Biomedicine - Turncoat antibodies SO SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material ID CHONDROITIN SULFATE-A; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; HUMAN PLACENTA; RECEPTOR; ADHESION; DOMAINS C1 Seattle Biomed Res Inst, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Duffy, PE (reprint author), Seattle Biomed Res Inst, 4 Nickerson St, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. NR 15 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD SEP 14 PY 2001 VL 293 IS 5537 BP 2009 EP 2010 DI 10.1126/science.1065302 PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 473FB UT WOS:000171028700045 PM 11557864 ER PT J AU Rothman, AL Kanesa-thasan, N West, K Janus, J Saluzzo, JF Ennis, FA AF Rothman, AL Kanesa-thasan, N West, K Janus, J Saluzzo, JF Ennis, FA TI Induction of T lymphocyte responses to dengue virus by a candidate tetravalent live attenuated dengue virus vaccine SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE dengue; cytotoxic T lymphocyte; interferon-gamma ID CELL RESPONSES; PROLIFERATION; VOLUNTEERS; INFECTION; FEVER AB Development of a safe and immunogenic tetravalent dengue virus DV vaccine has been designated as a priority by the World Health Organization. We characterized the T cell response to DV induced by a candidate live attenuated tetravalent DV vaccine as part of a phase I study. Proliferation and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses to multiple DV serotypes were detected in six of six and four of four subjects studied, respectively. Proliferation responses were higher to DV serotypes 1 and 3 than to serotypes 2 and 4. CTL responses were higher to DV serotypes 2 and 3 than to serotype 1, and included serotype cross-reactive responses. Production of interferon-gamma, but not IL-4, was observed in response to DV stimulation. This candidate vaccine is immunogenic for both CD4 + and C138 + T lymphocytes. However, T cell responses to the four DV serotypes were not equivalent, suggesting that the vaccine could be further optimized. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Ctr Infect Dis & Vaccine Res, Worcester, MA 01655 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Virus Dis, Washington, DC USA. Aventis Pasteur, Marcy Letoile, France. RP Rothman, AL (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Ctr Infect Dis & Vaccine Res, Rm S5-326,55 Lake Ave N, Worcester, MA 01655 USA. NR 14 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD SEP 14 PY 2001 VL 19 IS 32 BP 4694 EP 4699 DI 10.1016/S0264-410X(01)00236-5 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 473HR UT WOS:000171035500015 PM 11535318 ER PT J AU Pitt, MLM Little, SF Ivins, BE Fellows, P Barth, J Hewetson, J Gibbs, P Dertzbaugh, M Friedlander, AM AF Pitt, MLM Little, SF Ivins, BE Fellows, P Barth, J Hewetson, J Gibbs, P Dertzbaugh, M Friedlander, AM TI In vitro correlate of immunity in a rabbit model of inhalational anthrax SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE anthrax; Bacillus anthracis; serological correlate ID BACILLUS-ANTHRACIS; PROTECTIVE ANTIGEN; GUINEA-PIGS; SPORE CHALLENGE; ADJUVANTS; RECOMBINANT; EFFICACY; PATHOLOGY; PLASMID; VACCINE AB A serological correlate of vaccine-induced immunity was identified in the rabbit model of inhalational anthrax. Animals were inoculated intramuscularly at 0 and 4 weeks with varying doses of Anthrax Vaccine Adsorbed (AVA) ranging from a human dose to a 1:256 dilution in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). At 6 and 10 weeks, both the quantitative anti-protective antigen (PA) I-G ELISA and the toxin-neutralizing antibody (TNA) assays were used to measure antibody levels to PA. Rabbits were aerosol-challenged at 10 weeks with a lethal dose (84-133 LD50) of Bacillus anthracis spores. All the rabbits that received the undiluted and 1:4 dilution of vaccine survived, whereas those receiving the higher dilutions of vaccine (1: 16, 1:64 and 1:256) had deaths in their groups. Results showed that antibody levels to PA at both 6 and 10 weeks were significant (P < 0.0001) predictors of survival. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Pitt, MLM (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. NR 40 TC 205 Z9 209 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD SEP 14 PY 2001 VL 19 IS 32 BP 4768 EP 4773 DI 10.1016/S0264-410X(01)00234-1 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 473HR UT WOS:000171035500025 PM 11535328 ER PT J AU Dixon, WC DeGear, VS Simpson, DE Rollefson, WA AF Dixon, WC DeGear, VS Simpson, DE Rollefson, WA TI Peak procedural activated clotting time is not predictive of outcomes after intracoronary stenting. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 650 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-9149 J9 AM J CARDIOL JI Am. J. Cardiol. PD SEP 11 PY 2001 VL 88 IS 5A SU S MA TCT254 BP 99G EP 99G PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 470WF UT WOS:000170893600255 ER PT J AU Wang, RB Epstein, J Baraceros, FM Gorak, EJ Charoenvit, Y Carucci, DJ Hedstrom, RC Rahardjo, N Gay, T Hobart, P Stout, R Jones, TR Richie, TL Parker, SE Doolan, DL Norman, J Hoffman, SL AF Wang, RB Epstein, J Baraceros, FM Gorak, EJ Charoenvit, Y Carucci, DJ Hedstrom, RC Rahardjo, N Gay, T Hobart, P Stout, R Jones, TR Richie, TL Parker, SE Doolan, DL Norman, J Hoffman, SL TI Induction of CD4(+) T cell-dependent CD8(+) type 1 responses in humans by a malaria DNA vaccine SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM MALARIA; HUMORAL IMMUNE-RESPONSES; PLASMID DNA; HIV-1-INFECTED PATIENTS; PROTECTIVE IMMUNITY; IMMUNIZATION; ANTIGEN; LYMPHOCYTES; SAFETY AB We assessed immunogenicity of a malaria DNA vaccine administered by needle i.m. or needleless jet injection [i.m. or i.m./intradermally (i.d.)] in 14 volunteers. Antigen-specific IFN-gamma responses were detected by enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assays in all subjects to multiple 9- to 23-aa peptides containing class I and/or class II restricted epitopes, and were dependent on both CD8(+) and CD4(+) T cells. Overall, frequency of response was significantly greater after i.m. jet injection. CD8(+)-dependent cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) were detected in 8/14 volunteers. Demonstration in humans of elicitation of the class I restricted IFN-gamma responses we believe necessary for protection against the liver stage of malaria parasites brings us closer to an effective malaria vaccine. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Hyg & Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Bioject Inc, Portland, OR 97224 USA. Vical Inc, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. USN, Med Res Ctr, Malaria Program, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Hoffman, SL (reprint author), Celera Genomics, 45 W Gude Dr, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. RI Richie, Thomas/A-8028-2011; Doolan, Denise/F-1969-2015 NR 30 TC 160 Z9 160 U1 1 U2 1 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD SEP 11 PY 2001 VL 98 IS 19 BP 10817 EP 10822 DI 10.1073/pnas.181123498 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 472CZ UT WOS:000170966800058 PM 11526203 ER PT J AU Banks, HD White, WE AF Banks, HD White, WE TI A computational study of the reactions of thiiranes with ammonia and amines SO JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID AB-INITIO; MENSHUTKIN REACTION; GAS-PHASE; NUCLEOPHILIC-SUBSTITUTION; MENSCHUTKIN REACTION; TRANSITION-STATE; CROSSED-BEAM; MECHANISMS; DYNAMICS; SYSTEM AB The relative rates of reaction of thiirane and thiirane derivatives with NH3, a series of secondary amines including aziridine, and trimethylamine were determined in the gas phase by means of B3LYP/6-31+G(d)//HF/6-31+G(d) computations and transition state theory. Convergence of the results was selectively tested using the 6-311++G(d,p) basis set. Comparison with MP2/6-31 + G(d)//MP2/6-31G(d) computations was made in model cases. These results are significant in that they supplement the only reported gas-phase experimental study of this type of reaction. The reaction rates of thiirane with secondary amines can best be rationalized by means of an interplay of steric and polarizability effects. While beta -halo substituents retard S(N)2 reactions in solution, both 2-fluorothiirane and its acyclic model react more than 10(6) times faster with NH3 than the unsubstituted compounds in the gas phase. 2-Fluorothiirane was calculated to react with NH3 at C-2 by a factor of 0.142 with respect to thiirane itself, attack at C-3 was found to be 3.42 x 10(6) times faster than the parent compound. 2-Methylthirane reacts with NH3 at 0.230 the rate of thiirane with a 12.8-fold regioselectivity for C-3. In the reaction of 2,2-dimethylthirane and NH3, this preference for C-3 increases to a factor of 124. Ground-state destabilization of cis-2,3-dimethylthiirane is sufficient to account for its calculated rate acceleration with respect to the trans isomer. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Banks, HD (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 53 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0022-3263 J9 J ORG CHEM JI J. Org. Chem. PD SEP 7 PY 2001 VL 66 IS 18 BP 5981 EP 5986 DI 10.1021/jo001719s PG 6 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 470LV UT WOS:000170874200005 PM 11529721 ER PT J AU Klotz, M Crosser, M Guo, A Henry, M Salamo, GJ Segev, M Wood, GL AF Klotz, M Crosser, M Guo, A Henry, M Salamo, GJ Segev, M Wood, GL TI Fixing solitonic y junctions in photorefractive strontium-barium-niobate SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID WAVE-GUIDES; SCREENING SOLITONS; SPATIAL SOLITONS; DOMAIN GRATINGS; SRXBA1-XNB2O6; FABRICATION; CRYSTALS; PATTERN; SPACE AB Two-dimensional solitonic orbital waveguides as y junctions were formed in a strontium barium niobate crystal. The waveguides are 10-20 mum in diameter and propagate unpolarized light. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Arkansas, Dept Phys, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Phys, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. Princeton Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. USA, Res Lab, AMSRL SE EO, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Klotz, M (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Dept Phys, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. NR 20 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD SEP 3 PY 2001 VL 79 IS 10 BP 1423 EP 1425 DI 10.1063/1.1389824 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 466LN UT WOS:000170647200005 ER PT J AU Zhang, H Datta, AK Taub, IA Doona, C AF Zhang, H Datta, AK Taub, IA Doona, C TI Electromagnetics, heat transfer, and thermokinetics in microwave sterilization SO AICHE JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID THERMAL TIME DISTRIBUTIONS; INTRINSIC CHEMICAL MARKERS; FOOD; PASTEURIZATION; CAVITY AB Sterilization of solid foods using microwave power was studied using numerical modeling and specialized experimental verification. Maxwell's equations and the heat conduction equation were coupled using two separate finite-element programs and specially written modules to couple the programs. Spatial distributions of thermal-time, representing sterilization, were calculated fi-om time-temperature history and first-order kinetics. Experimentally, concentrations of marker compounds formed during heating were measured and taken as indices of thermal-time. Experimental data oil marker formation combined with numerical calculations provide an accurate and comprehensive picture of the sterilization process and represent a major step in establishing the efficacy, of microwave sterilization processing. Unlike conventional sterilization, heating patterns can change qualitatively with geometry (shape and size) and properties (composition) of the food material, but optimal heating is possible by choosing suitable combinations of these factors. Combined with marker yield measurements, the numerical model can give comprehensive descriptions of the spatial time-temperature history, and thus can be used to verify, the sterilization process. C1 Cornell Univ, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Datta, AK (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RI Datta, Ashim/K-2294-2012 OI Datta, Ashim/0000-0002-1397-6892 NR 32 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 2 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0001-1541 J9 AICHE J JI AICHE J. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 47 IS 9 BP 1957 EP 1968 DI 10.1002/aic.690470907 PG 12 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 470RZ UT WOS:000170886100007 ER PT J AU Lanza, E Schatzkin, A Daston, C Corle, D Freedman, L Ballard-Barbash, R Caan, B Lance, P Marshall, J Iber, F Shike, M Weissfeld, J Slattery, M Paskett, E Mateski, D Albert, P AF Lanza, E Schatzkin, A Daston, C Corle, D Freedman, L Ballard-Barbash, R Caan, B Lance, P Marshall, J Iber, F Shike, M Weissfeld, J Slattery, M Paskett, E Mateski, D Albert, P CA PPT Study Grp TI Implementation of a 4-y, high-fiber, high-fruit-and-vegetable, low-fat dietary intervention: results of dietary changes in the Polyp Prevention Trial SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE dietary intervention; nutrition intervention; dietary change; dietary fiber intake; dietary fat intake; fruit and vegetable intake; clinical trial; plasma cholesterol; serum carotenoids; body weight; Polyp Prevention Trial ID COLORECTAL ADENOMATOUS POLYPS; WOMENS HEALTH TRIAL; COLON-CANCER; RANDOMIZED TRIAL; BREAST-CANCER; ANTIOXIDANT VITAMINS; RISK POPULATION; BETA-CAROTENE; WEIGHT-LOSS; LIFE-STYLE AB Background: The Polyp Prevention Trial (PPT) was a multicenter randomized clinical trial designed to determine the effects of a high-fiber (4.30 g/MJ), high-ftuit-and-vegetable (0.84 servings/MJ), low-fat (20% of energy from fat) diet on the recurrence of adenomatous polyps in the large bowel. Objective: Our goal was to determine whether the PPT intervention plan could effect change in 3 dietary goals and to examine the intervention's effect on the intake of other food groups and nutrients. Design: Participants with large-bowel adenomatous polyps diagnosed in the past 6 mo were randomly assigned to either the intervention (n=1037) or the control (n=1042) group and remained in the trial for 4 y. Three dietary assessment instruments were used to measure dietary change: food-frequency questionnaires (in 100% of the sample), 4-d food records (in a 20% random cohort), and 24-h dietary recalls (in a 10% random sample). Results: Intervention participants made and sustained significant changes in all PPT goals as measured by the dietary assessment instruments; the control participants' intakes remained essentially the same throughout the trial. The absolute differences between the intervention and control groups over the 4-y period were 9.7% of energy from fat (95% CI: 9.0%, 10.3%), 1.65 g dietary fiber/MJ (95% CI: 1.53, 1.74), and 0.27 servings of fruit and vegetables/MJ (95% CI: 0.25, 0.29). Intervention participants also reported significant changes in the intake of other nutrients and food groups. The intervention group also had significantly higher serum carotenoid concentrations and lower body weights than did the control group. Conclusion: Motivated, free-living individuals, given appropriate support, can make and sustain major dietary changes over a 4-y period. C1 NCI, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. WESTAT Corp, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Kaiser Fdn Res Inst, Oakland, CA USA. SUNY Buffalo, Buffalo, NY USA. Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ USA. Edward Hines Jr Hosp, Vet Adm Med Ctr, Hines, IL USA. Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, New York, NY 10021 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT USA. Wake Forest Univ, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Lanza, E (reprint author), 11601 Havenner Court,Fairfax Stn, Fairfax, VA 22039 USA. NR 59 TC 114 Z9 116 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL NUTRITION PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, SUBSCRIPTIONS, RM L-3300, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0002-9165 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 74 IS 3 BP 387 EP 401 PG 15 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 467GB UT WOS:000170693100020 PM 11522565 ER PT J AU Vandrey, CI Whitman, KM AF Vandrey, CI Whitman, KM TI Simulator training for novice critical care nurses SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NURSING LA English DT Article C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Crit Care Nursing Course, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Vandrey, CI (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Crit Care Nursing Course, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 8 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0002-936X J9 AM J NURS JI Am. J. Nurs. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 101 IS 9 BP 24GG EP + PG 4 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA 528WG UT WOS:000174266900029 ER PT J AU Hoeldtke, NJ Calhoun, BC AF Hoeldtke, NJ Calhoun, BC TI Perinatal hospice SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE perinatal hospice; perinatal grief; lethal anomaly; prenatal diagnosis ID FETAL ANOMALIES; NEONATAL DEATH; TERMINATION; STILLBIRTH; PREGNANCY; INFANT; ABNORMALITY; MANAGEMENT; DIAGNOSIS; PARENTS AB When the prenatal diagnosis of a lethal fetal anomaly has been established, some patients choose to continue their pregnancy. Currently, there is a paucity of medical literature addressing the specific management of families in this unique circumstance. We propose a model of care that incorporates the strengths of prenatal diagnosis, perinatal grief management, and hospice care to address the needs of these families. We discuss the identification of candidates for this form of care; the multidisciplinary team approach; and the aspects of antepartum, intrapartum, and postpartum care. Finally, we discuss some barriers that might need to be overcome when attempting to implement perinatal hospice care. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. RP Hoeldtke, NJ (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 24 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0002-9378 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 185 IS 3 BP 525 EP 529 DI 10.1067/mob.2001.116093 PG 5 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 475LC UT WOS:000171164600001 PM 11568772 ER PT J AU DeBerardino, TM Arciero, RA Taylor, DC Uhorchak, JM AF DeBerardino, TM Arciero, RA Taylor, DC Uhorchak, JM TI Prospective evaluation of arthroscopic stabilization of acute, initial anterior shoulder dislocations in young athletes - Two- to five-year follow-up SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 24th Annual Meeting of the AOSSM CY JUL, 1998 CL VANCOUVER, CANADA SP AOSSM ID INFERIOR GLENOHUMERAL LIGAMENT; INSTABILITY; BANKART; TIME AB From March 1992 to November 1998, 57 patients sustained 58 acute, initial, traumatic anterior shoulder dislocations at the United States Military Academy. Six patients selected nonoperative treatment. Three patients underwent primary open repair after diagnostic arthroscopy revealed no Bankart lesion amenable to repair with the bioabsorbable tissue tack. The remaining 48 patients with 49 anterior dislocations were treated with arthroscopic primary repair. There were 45 men and 3 women with an average age of 20 years (range, 17 to 23) and an average follow-up of 37 months (range, 24 to 60). The average Rowe score was 92 (range, 30 to 100). The average single assessment numeric evaluation patient rating was 95.5% (range, 50% to 100%). The average Short Form-36 score (physical function) for the stable shoulders was 99 (range, 95 to 100). Forty-three shoulders remained stable (88%). There were six failures (12%). Factors associated with failure included a history of bilateral shoulder instability, a 2+ sulcus sign, and poor capsulolabral tissue at the time of repair. All patients with stable shoulders returned to their preinjury levels of athletic activity. With follow-up of 5 years, we have observed significantly better results compared with nonoperative treatment in young, active adults at the United States Military Academy. C1 US Mil Acad, Keller Army Community Hosp, Dept Orthopaed, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP DeBerardino, TM (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Keller Army Community Hosp, Dept Orthopaed, 900 Washington Rd, W Point, NY 10996 USA. OI DeBerardino, Thomas/0000-0002-7110-8743 NR 38 TC 78 Z9 82 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER ORTHOPAEDIC SOC SPORT MED PI WALTHAM PA 230 CALVARY STREET, WALTHAM, MA 02154 USA SN 0363-5465 J9 AM J SPORT MED JI Am. J. Sports Med. PD SEP-OCT PY 2001 VL 29 IS 5 BP 586 EP 592 PG 7 WC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences SC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences GA 473LG UT WOS:000171045000011 PM 11573917 ER PT J AU Halstead, SB Streit, TG Lafontant, JG Putvatana, R Russell, K Sun, W Kanesa-Thasan, N Hayes, CG Watts, DM AF Halstead, SB Streit, TG Lafontant, JG Putvatana, R Russell, K Sun, W Kanesa-Thasan, N Hayes, CG Watts, DM TI Haiti: Absence of dengue hemorrhagic fever despite hyperendemic dengue virus transmission SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID JUNE-OCTOBER 1995; MOLECULAR EVOLUTION; SHOCK SYNDROME; CUBAN EPIDEMIC; RISK-FACTORS; TYPE-2 AB In 1994-1996, 185 strains of dengue (DEN) virus types 1, 2, and 4 were recovered from febrile United States and other United Nations military personnel in Haiti. We wondered whether risk factors for dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) existed and, if so, were DHF cases occurring among Haitian children. Dengue transmission rates were studied in 210 school children (6-13 years old) resident in Carrefour Borough, Port-au-Prince, Haiti. When sera were tested for plaque-reduction neutralizing antibodies to DEN 1-4 viruses, nearly 85% had antibodies to two or more DEN serotypes. The annual transmission rate was estimated at 30%, a rate observed in countries endemic for DHE Haitian DEN 2 isolates were genotype I, which are repeatedly associated with DHF cases in Southeast Asia and American regions. Despite positive virologic pre-conditions, DHF cases were not recorded by experienced Port-au-Prince pediatricians. These observations, which are reminiscent of those in Africa, provide further evidence of a dengue resistance gene in black populations. C1 Off Naval Res, Med Sci & Technol Div, Arlington, VA 22217 USA. Univ Notre Dame, Dept Biol Sci, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Hosp Ste Croix, Leogane, Haiti. NMRCD, Lima, Peru. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Naval Med Res Ctr, Infect Dis Directorate, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Halstead, SB (reprint author), Off Naval Res, Med Sci & Technol Div, Arlington, VA 22217 USA. NR 31 TC 112 Z9 124 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 65 IS 3 BP 180 EP 183 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 471MP UT WOS:000170933400004 PM 11561700 ER PT J AU Coleman, RE Polsa, N Eikarat, N Kollars, TM Sattabongkot, J AF Coleman, RE Polsa, N Eikarat, N Kollars, TM Sattabongkot, J TI Prevention of sporogony of Plasmodium vivax in Anopheles dirus mosquitoes by transmission-blocking antimalarials SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID DRUG-RESISTANCE; IN-VITRO; SPORONTOCIDAL ACTIVITY; STEPHENSI MOSQUITOS; BERGHEI ANKA; MALARIA; FALCIPARUM; GAMETOCYTES; INFECTIVITY; ARTEMISININ AB The sporontocidal activity of four dihydroacridine-diones (WR-233602, WR-243251, WR-250547, and WR-250548) and three fluoroquinolones (WR-279135, WR-279298, and WR-279288) was determined against naturally circulating isolates of Plasmodium vivax. Laboratory-reared Anopheles dirus mosquitoes were infected with P. vivax by feeding them on gametocytemic volunteers reporting to local malaria clinics in Kanchanaburi and Tak provinces, Thailand. Four days after the infectious feed, mosquitoes were re-fed on uninfected mice treated 90 minutes previously with a given drug at a dose of 100 mg base drug/kg mouse body weight. Sporontocidal activity was determined by assessing both oocyst and sporozoite development. None of the fluoroquinolones exhibited sporontocidal activity against P. vivax, whereas all 4 dihydroacridine-diones affected sporogonic development to some degree. WR-233602 affected oocyst development, but had no impact on sporozoite production, WR-250548 affected oocyst development and had a limited effect on sporozoite production, and WR-243251 and WR-250547 had a marked impact on all phases of sporogony. These data demonstrate that experimental dihydroacridine-diones are capable of interrupting the sporogonic development of P. vivax. These compounds may be useful in preventing malaria transmission. C1 Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Entomol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. RP Coleman, RE (reprint author), Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Entomol, 315-6 Rajvithi Rd, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. NR 29 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 65 IS 3 BP 214 EP 218 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 471MP UT WOS:000170933400011 PM 11561707 ER PT J AU Harris, JA Gallo, DR Brummett, DM Mullins, DJ Figueroa-Ortiz, RE AF Harris, JA Gallo, DR Brummett, DM Mullins, DJ Figueroa-Ortiz, RE TI Extra-abdominal pneumodissection after laparoscopic antireflux surgery SO AMERICAN SURGEON LA English DT Article ID SUBCUTANEOUS EMPHYSEMA; PNEUMOMEDIASTINUM; PNEUMOTHORAX AB The presence of pneumoperitoneum during laparoscopic antireflux surgery can lead to the dissection of carbon dioxide into the mediastinum, retroperitoneum, subcutaneous tissues, and neck (pneumodissection). The purpose of this study is to describe the incidence, extent, duration and pathways of pneumodissection during laparoscopic antireflux surgery. Twenty patients who underwent laparoscopic antireflux surgery from August 1998 through May 1999 were studied. Physical examination and chest radiographs were performed in the recovery room and each day postoperatively. Noncontrast computerized tomography (CT) of the neck, chest, and upper abdomen was also performed on postoperative day one. Subcutaneous emphysema and radiologic evidence of pneumodissection occurred commonly and typically resolved within 4 days postoperatively. The incidence of pneumomediastinum (85%) seen on CT scan was similar to that of pneumodissection into the neck (80%). The most common pathway of dissection of gas was through the anterior mediastinum and into the neck through the carotid space. Other findings on CT scan revealed pneumoperitoneum in 70 per cent, pneumoretroperitoneum in 10 per cent, and pneumothorax in 0 per cent. The dissection of gas into the mediastinum, neck, and subcutaneous tissues is very common after laparoscopic antireflux surgery. Subcutaneous emphysema on physical examination and radiographic pneumo dissection typically resolves within 3 to 4 days. After this time one should consider the presence of any substantial amount of gas as a potential complication related to the procedure. C1 Med Coll Georgia, Dept Gen Surg, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. Med Coll Georgia, Dept Radiol, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. Dwight D Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Ft Gordon, GA USA. RP Harris, JA (reprint author), Med Coll Georgia, Dept Surg, GI Sect, 1120 15th St, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. NR 6 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOUTHEASTERN SURGICAL CONGRESS PI ATLANTA PA 141 WEST WIEUCA RD, STE B100, ATLANTA, GA 30342 USA SN 0003-1348 J9 AM SURGEON JI Am. Surg. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 67 IS 9 BP 885 EP 889 PG 5 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 470WT UT WOS:000170894900024 PM 11565770 ER PT J AU Schmidt, JJ Stafford, RG Millard, CB AF Schmidt, JJ Stafford, RG Millard, CB TI High-throughput assays for botulinum neurotoxin proteolytic activity: Serotypes A, B, D, and F SO ANALYTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID TETANUS TOXIN; SUBSTRATE-SPECIFICITY; LIGHT-CHAINS; ZINC-BINDING; EXPRESSION; INHIBITORS; MECHANISM; RELEASE AB Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNT) are zinc metalloproteases that cleave and inactivate cellular proteins essential for neurotransmitter release. Because the paralytic effect of BoNT is a consequence of its enzymatic activity, selective inhibitors may be useful as drugs or as tools for further research. To expedite inhibitor discovery, we developed high-throughput, solid-phase protease activity assays for four of the seven BoNT serotypes: A, B, D, and F. Each assay consisted of a cleavable oligopeptide, based on the natural substrate sequence, labeled with fluorescein and covalently attached to maleimide-activated multiwell plates. Solutions of holotoxin or nontoxic catalytic domain of BoNT were incubated in substrate-coated wells, with or without test compounds, followed by transfer and assay of solubilized product in a multiwell fluorometer. Routine toxin concentrations ranged from 10 to 100 ng/ml, but concentrations as low as 2 ng/ml gave reproducible signals. The fluorescence assays were selective, gave very low background readings, and were stable upon prolonged storage. Using the nontoxic catalytic domain of BoNT A, we determined the relative inhibitory potencies of a family of structurally related pseudotripeptide compounds. Unlike previous methods, our assays did not employ antibodies or reverse-phase extraction steps, only well-to-well transfers, and were easily adapted to a high-throughput automated environment. (C) 2001 Academic Press. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Cell Biol & Biochem, Toxinol & Aerobiol Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Schmidt, JJ (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Cell Biol & Biochem, Toxinol & Aerobiol Div, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 36 TC 74 Z9 79 U1 0 U2 8 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0003-2697 J9 ANAL BIOCHEM JI Anal. Biochem. PD SEP 1 PY 2001 VL 296 IS 1 BP 130 EP 137 DI 10.1006/abio.2001.5236 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 470LC UT WOS:000170872600016 PM 11520041 ER PT J AU Brietzke, SE Mair, EA AF Brietzke, SE Mair, EA TI Laryngeal mask versus endotracheal tube in a ferret model SO ANNALS OF OTOLOGY RHINOLOGY AND LARYNGOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the American-Broncho-Esophagological-Association CY MAY 15-16, 2000 CL ORLANDO, FLORIDA SP Amer Broncho Esophagol Assoc DE endotracheal tube; laryngeal mask airway; subglottic stenosis ID SUBGLOTTIC STENOSIS; PEDIATRIC ANESTHESIA; AIRWAY INSERTION; PRESSURE; CHILDREN; TRAUMA; CUFF AB Acquired subglottic stenosis in infants is a difficult iatrogenic problem with notable morbidity, primarily caused by prolonged endotracheal intubation. The laryngeal mask airway (LMA) is a recently developed, alternative airway device that does not contact the subglottis. To explore the possibility of preventing subglottic stenosis, we compared the endotracheal tube (ETT) and the LMA in terms of the incidence and severity of glottic and subglottic injury resulting from prolonged intubation in the adult ferret model of the infant airway. Ten adult ferrets were randomly intubated under inhalational anesthesia with either a 4.0 cuffless ETT or a size I LMA for a 24- to 48-hour period. Rigid laryngeal endoscopy was used to detect pharyngeal or glottic injury during the period of intubation and on a routine basis for 3 months after extubation. All 5 ferrets in the ETT group developed endoscopically evident glottic and subglottic injury; 2 of the 5 developed a symptomatic, mature subglottic stenosis. The 5 ferrets in the LMA group had endoscopically normal larynges. However, all ferrets in the LMA group developed significant tongue edema and cyanosis during the first 24 hours of intubation, and 3 of the 5 died of respiratory failure due to airway obstruction. In the 2 LMA survivors, evidence of oropharyngeal injury persisted until 6 weeks after extubation. We conclude that the LMA does not cause subglottic injury in this model. However, its prolonged use results in significant pharyngeal morbidity that raises serious doubt as to its potential routine use in infants requiring prolonged ventilatory support. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Pediat Otolaryngol Serv, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Mair, EA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Pediat Otolaryngol Serv, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 28 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU ANNALS PUBL CO PI ST LOUIS PA 4507 LACLEDE AVE, ST LOUIS, MO 63108 USA SN 0003-4894 J9 ANN OTO RHINOL LARYN JI Ann. Otol. Rhinol. Laryngol. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 110 IS 9 BP 827 EP 833 PG 7 WC Otorhinolaryngology SC Otorhinolaryngology GA 474GD UT WOS:000171097200005 PM 11558758 ER PT J AU Jiang, SP Prigge, ST Wei, L Gao, YE Hudson, TH Gerena, L Dame, JB Kyle, DE AF Jiang, SP Prigge, ST Wei, L Gao, YE Hudson, TH Gerena, L Dame, JB Kyle, DE TI New class of small nonpeptidyl compounds blocks Plasmodium falciparum development in vitro by inhibiting plasmepsins SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID HEMOGLOBIN DEGRADATION; AUTOMATED DOCKING; MALARIA PARASITE; ASPARTIC PROTEASES; FLEXIBLE LIGANDS; EXPRESSION; PROTEINASE; INVITRO; PATHWAY; TARGETS AB Malarial parasites rely on aspartic proteases called plasmepsins to digest hemoglobin during the intraerythrocytic stage. Plasmepsins from Plasmodium falciparum and Plasynodium vivax have been cloned and expressed for a variety of structural and enzymatic studies. Recombinant plasmepsins possess kinetic similarity to the native enzymes, indicating their suitability for target-based antimalarial drug development. We developed an automated assay of P. falciparum plasmepsin II and P. vivax plasmepsin to quickly screen compounds in the Walter Reed chemical database. A low-molecular-mass (346 Da) diphenylurea derivative (WR268961) was found to inhibit plasmepsins with a K-i of 1 to 6 muM. This compound appears to be selective for plasmepsin, since it is a poor inhibitor of the human aspartic protease cathepsin D (K-i greater than 280 muM). NVR268961 inhibited the growth of P. falciparum strains W2 and D6, with 50% inhibitory concentrations ranging from 0.03 to 0.16 mug/ml, but was much less toxic to mammalian cells. The Walter Reed chemical database contains over 1,500 compounds with a diphenylurea core structure, 9 of which inhibit the plasmepsins, with K-i values ranging from 0.05 to 0.68 muM. These nine compounds show specificity for the plasmepsins over human cathepsin D, but they are poor inhibitors of P. falciparum growth in vitro. Computational docking experiments indicate how diphenylurea compounds bind to the plasmepsin active site and inhibit the enzyme. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Dept Parasitol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Pathobiol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Jiang, SP (reprint author), USA Med Component, AFRIMS, Dept Immunol & Med, APO, AP 96546 USA. RI Hudson, Thomas/A-9152-2011 NR 30 TC 70 Z9 70 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 45 IS 9 BP 2577 EP 2584 DI 10.1128/AAC.45.9.2577-2584.2001 PG 8 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 465KQ UT WOS:000170588500027 PM 11502532 ER PT J AU Bhattacharjee, AK Kyle, DE Vennerstrom, JL AF Bhattacharjee, AK Kyle, DE Vennerstrom, JL TI Structural analysis of chloroquine resistance reversal by imipramine analogs SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; IN-VITRO; DESIPRAMINE; MALARIA; COMBINATION; EFFICACY; CHILDREN AB For imipramine, desipramine, and eight analogs of these well-known drugs, an N-5-aminoalkyl substitution was a minimum but insufficient structural feature associated with chloroquine resistance reversal. Although a second distal aliphatic nitrogen atom was unnecessary for resistance reversal, the direction of the dipole moment vector was critical. C1 Univ Nebraska, Med Ctr, Coll Pharm, Nebraska Med Ctr 986025, Omaha, NE 68198 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Med Chem, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Parasitol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Vennerstrom, JL (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Med Ctr, Coll Pharm, Nebraska Med Ctr 986025, 600 S 42nd St, Omaha, NE 68198 USA. NR 15 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 45 IS 9 BP 2655 EP 2657 DI 10.1128/AAC.45.9.2655-2657.2001 PG 3 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 465KQ UT WOS:000170588500042 PM 11502547 ER PT J AU Lee, JW Deng, F Yeomans, WG Allen, AL Gross, RA Kaplan, DL AF Lee, JW Deng, F Yeomans, WG Allen, AL Gross, RA Kaplan, DL TI Direct incorporation of glucosamine and N-acetylglucosamine into exopolymers by Gluconacetobacter xylinus (=Acetobacter xylinum) ATCC 10245: Production of chitosan-cellulose and chitin-cellulose exopolymers SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID XANTHOMONAS-CAMPESTRIS; XANTHAN GUM; DERIVATIVES; BIOSYNTHESIS; ACETYLATION; CURDLAN AB Gluconacetobacter xylinus (=Acetobacter xylinum) ATCC 10245 incorporated 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucose (glucosamine) and 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucose (N-acetylglucosamine), but not 3-O-methyl-D-glucose or 2-deoxy-D-glucose into exopolymers. Incorporation was confirmed by gas chromatography with and without mass spectrometry, Fourier transform infrared, and H-1 nuclear magnetic resonance. The average molar percentage of glucosamine and N-acetylglucosamine in the exopolymers was about 18%. C1 Polytech Univ, Dept Chem, Metrotech Ctr 6, Brooklyn, NY 11201 USA. Dong A Univ, Sha Gu, Pusan 604714, South Korea. Univ Massachusetts, Dept Chem, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. USA, Natick Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Div Biotechnol, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Tufts Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Ctr Biotechnol, Medford, MA 02155 USA. RP Kaplan, DL (reprint author), Polytech Univ, Dept Chem, Metrotech Ctr 6, Brooklyn, NY 11201 USA. NR 25 TC 30 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 67 IS 9 BP 3970 EP 3975 DI 10.1128/AEM.67.9.3970-3975.2001 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 468FH UT WOS:000170747100028 PM 11525993 ER PT J AU Gurton, KP Ligon, D Kvavilashvili, R AF Gurton, KP Ligon, D Kvavilashvili, R TI Measured infrared spectral extinction for aerosolized Bacillus subtilis var. niger endospores from 3 to 13 mu m SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID FT-IR SPECTROSCOPY; SPORES AB We measured spectral extinction in situ for aerosolized Bacillus subtilis var. niger endospores using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy from 3.0 to 13.0 mum. Corresponding aerosol size distributions were measured with a commercially available elastic light-scattering probe and verified by direct particle capture and subsequent counting by video microscopy. Aerosol mass density was monitored simultaneously with conventional dosimetry and was used to mass normalize the measured spectral extinction. Mie theory calculations based on measured distributions and available complex indices of refraction agreed well. We also present resultant Mie calculations for the absorption, total scattering, and backscatter. For comparison, measured spectral extinction for three common environmental aerosols is also presented, i.e., for water fog, diesel soot, and Arizona road dust. (C) 2001 Optical Society of America. C1 USA, Res Lab, Harry Diamond Labs, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Gurton, KP (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Harry Diamond Labs, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM kgurton@army.arl.mil NR 28 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 3 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD SEP 1 PY 2001 VL 40 IS 25 BP 4443 EP 4448 DI 10.1364/AO.40.004443 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA 467NT UT WOS:000170711200001 PM 18360483 ER PT J AU Becker, A Akozbek, N Vijayalakshmi, K Oral, E Bowden, CM Chin, SL AF Becker, A Akozbek, N Vijayalakshmi, K Oral, E Bowden, CM Chin, SL TI Intensity clamping and re-focusing of intense femtosecond laser pulses in nitrogen molecular gas SO APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS LA English DT Article ID MULTIPHOTON IONIZATION; UNDERDENSE PLASMA; CONICAL EMISSION; TERAWATT LASER; MOVING FOCUS; AIR; PROPAGATION; FILAMENTATION; GENERATION; LIMITS AB We present results of measurements of fluorescence spectra due to the interaction of a Ti:sapphire laser pulse with N(2) molecules at different gas pressures and pulse energies. The analysis of the data together with the results of numerical simulations, using a propagation model, reveal signatures of the phenomena of intensity clamping and of re-focusing of the laser pulse at high gas pressure. The laser pulse energy for intensity clamping as a function of the gas pressure is determined. C1 Univ Laval, Ctr Opt Photon & Laser, Quebec City, PQ G1K 7P4, Canada. Univ Laval, Dept Phys Genie Phys & Opt, Quebec City, PQ G1K 7P4, Canada. USA, Aviat & Missile Command, Weapons Sci Directorate,AMSAM,RD,WS,ST, Aviat & Missile Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Chin, SL (reprint author), Univ Laval, Ctr Opt Photon & Laser, Quebec City, PQ G1K 7P4, Canada. EM slchin@phy.ulaval.ca RI Becker, Andreas/K-4402-2013 NR 31 TC 189 Z9 192 U1 7 U2 36 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0946-2171 J9 APPL PHYS B-LASERS O JI Appl. Phys. B-Lasers Opt. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 73 IS 3 BP 287 EP 290 PG 4 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA 486LP UT WOS:000171819500019 ER PT J AU Folen, RA James, LC Earles, JE Andrasik, F AF Folen, RA James, LC Earles, JE Andrasik, F TI Biofeedback via telehealth: A new frontier for applied psychophysiology SO APPLIED PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY AND BIOFEEDBACK LA English DT Article DE biofeedback via telehealth; telehealth; telemedicine; behavioral telehealth ID OPPORTUNITIES AB Psychophysiological diagnostic and therapeutic methods, to include biofeedback, have been found to be empirically effective in the treatment of a variety, of physical disorders. In many areas of the country, however certified biofeedback practitioners are not well distributed, limiting patient access to this treatment modality. Psychologists at Tripler Army Medical Center have pioneered efforts to develop and provide these needed services via a telehealth venue. Such capability significantly, improves access to care, particularly for patient's located at considerable distance from the provider As the telecommunications infrastructure in rural and remote areas is often quite basic, such a system must be capable of operating within these limited parameters. The system developed by the authors provides real-time video and audio interactivity and allows the therapist to monitor and control biofeedback equipment located at the remote site. The authors discuss the clinical applications, the technology, and relevant practical and ethical issues. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Psychol, Ctr Excellence Profess Psychol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Univ W Florida, Inst Human & Machine Cognit, Pensacola, FL 32514 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Psychol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Folen, RA (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Psychol, Ctr Excellence Profess Psychol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 14 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 2 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1090-0586 J9 APPL PSYCHOPHYS BIOF JI Appl. Psychophysiol. Biofeedback PD SEP PY 2001 VL 26 IS 3 BP 195 EP 204 DI 10.1023/A:1011346103638 PG 10 WC Psychology, Clinical SC Psychology GA 482QR UT WOS:000171587200002 PM 11680283 ER PT J AU Meese, M AF Meese, M TI This war really matters: Inside the fight for defense dollars. SO ARMED FORCES & SOCIETY LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Meese, M (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TRANSACTION PERIOD CONSORTIUM PI PISCATAWAY PA RUTGERS UNIV, DEPT 8010, 35 BERRUE CIRCLE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08854-8042 USA SN 0095-327X J9 ARMED FORCES SOC JI Armed Forces Soc. PD FAL PY 2001 VL 28 IS 1 BP 158 EP 161 DI 10.1177/0095327X0102800109 PG 4 WC Political Science; Sociology SC Government & Law; Sociology GA 510AW UT WOS:000173187400009 ER PT J AU Peters, M AF Peters, M TI Death ground: Today's American infantry in battle. SO ARMED FORCES & SOCIETY LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Peters, M (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TRANSACTION PERIOD CONSORTIUM PI PISCATAWAY PA RUTGERS UNIV, DEPT 8010, 35 BERRUE CIRCLE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08854-8042 USA SN 0095-327X J9 ARMED FORCES SOC JI Armed Forces Soc. PD FAL PY 2001 VL 28 IS 1 BP 174 EP 177 DI 10.1177/0095327X0102800114 PG 4 WC Political Science; Sociology SC Government & Law; Sociology GA 510AW UT WOS:000173187400014 ER PT J AU Draxler, RR Gillette, DA Kirkpatrick, JS Heller, J AF Draxler, RR Gillette, DA Kirkpatrick, JS Heller, J TI Estimating PM10 air concentrations from dust storms in Iraq, Kuwait and Saudi Arabia SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE long-range transport; Southwest Asia; resuspension; aeolian movement; HYSPLIT ID THRESHOLD; PARTICLES; WIND AB A model for the emission of PM10 dust has been constructed using the concept of a threshold friction velocity which is dependent on surface roughness. Surface roughness in turn was correlated with geomorphology or soil properties for Kuwait, Iraq, part of Syria, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates and Oman. The PM10 emission algorithm was incorporated into a Lagrangian transport and dispersion model. PM10 air concentrations were computed from August 1990 through August 1991. The model predicted about the right number of dust events over Kuwait (events occur 18% of the time). The model results agreed quantitatively with measurements at four locations in Saudi Arabia and one in Kuwait for one major dust event (> 1000 mug/m(3)). However, for smaller scale dust events (200-1000 mug/m(3)), especially at the coastal sampling locations, the model substantially over-predicted the air concentrations. Part of the over-prediction was attributed to the entrainment of dust-free air by the sea breeze, a flow feature not represented by the large-scale gridded meteorological data fields used in the model computation. Another part of the over-prediction was the model's strong sensitivity to threshold friction velocity and the surface soil texture coefficient (the soil emission factor), and the difficulty in accurately representing these parameters in the model. A comparison of the model predicted PM to spatial pattern with the TOMS satellite aerosol index (Al) yielded a spatial pattern covering a major portion of Saudi Arabia that was quite similar to the observed Al pattern. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 NOAA, Air Resources Lab, RARL, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NOAA, Atmospher Sci Modeling Div MD81, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP NOAA, Air Resources Lab, RARL, 1315 East West Highway, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM roland.draxler@noaa.gov NR 32 TC 86 Z9 87 U1 2 U2 21 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 35 IS 25 BP 4315 EP 4330 DI 10.1016/S1352-2310(01)00159-5 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 468GF UT WOS:000170749200010 ER PT J AU Ishizaki, K Nishizawa, K Kato, T Kitao, H Han, ZB Hirayama, J Suzuki, F Cannon, TF Kamigaichi, S Tawarayama, Y Masukawa, M Shimazu, T Ikenaga, M AF Ishizaki, K Nishizawa, K Kato, T Kitao, H Han, ZB Hirayama, J Suzuki, F Cannon, TF Kamigaichi, S Tawarayama, Y Masukawa, M Shimazu, T Ikenaga, M TI Genetic changes induced in human cells in space shuttle experiment (STS-95) SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE spaceflight; mutations in human cells; microsatellite sequences; synergistic effect of radiation and microgravity; bleomycin ID MISMATCH REPAIR; GENOME INSTABILITY; X-RAYS; SEQUENCES; MUTANTS AB Background; Results of past space experiments suggest that the biological effect of space radiation could be enhanced under microgravity. To assess the radiation risk for humans during long-term spaceflight, it is very important to clarify whether human cells exhibit a synergistic effect of radiation and microgravity. Hypothesis. If significant synergism occurs in human cells, genetic changes induced during spaceflight may be detected by using human tumor HCT-116 cells which are hypermutable due to a defect in the DNA mismatch repair system. Methods; Cultured HCT-116 cells were loaded on the Space Shuttle Discovery (STS-95) and grown during the 9-d mission. After landing, many single-cell clones were isolated, microsatellite repetitive sequences in each clone were amplified by PCR, and mutations in the microsatellite loci were detected as changes in the length of PCR fragments. Mutation frequencies of ouabain-resistant phenotype were also analyzed. Results. The frequencies of microsatellite mutations as well as ouabain-resistant mutations in the flight sample were similar to those of the ground control samples. Some cells were treated in space with bleomycin which mimics the action of radiation, but the frequencies of microsatellite mutations were not significantly different between the flight and the ground control samples. Conclusion: Under the present flight conditions, neither space radiation (about 20 mSv during this mission) nor microgravity caused excess mutations in human cells. C1 Aichi Canc Ctr, Res Inst, Chikusa Ku, Nagoya, Aichi 4648681, Japan. Kyoto Univ, Ctr Radiat Biol, Kyoto 606, Japan. Hiroshima Univ, Res Inst Radiat Biol & Med, Hiroshima, Japan. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Space Biosci, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Natl Space Dev Agcy Japan, Space Utilizat Res Ctr, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. Japan Space Forum, Tokyo, Japan. RP Ishizaki, K (reprint author), Aichi Canc Ctr, Res Inst, Chikusa Ku, Kanokoden 1-1, Nagoya, Aichi 4648681, Japan. NR 17 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 72 IS 9 BP 794 EP 798 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 468RF UT WOS:000170771400003 PM 11565812 ER PT J AU van der Schalie, WH Shedd, TR Knechtges, PL Widder, MW AF van der Schalie, WH Shedd, TR Knechtges, PL Widder, MW TI Using higher organisms in biological early warning systems for real-time toxicity detection SO BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE biological early warning systems; automated biomonitoring; fish; Lepomis macrochirus; wastewater; monitoring ID FISH BIOMONITORING SYSTEM; MONITORING-SYSTEM; DETECTION LIMITS; DAPHNIA-MAGNA; WATER; BIOSENSORS; EFFLUENT; PERFORMANCE; SUBSTANCES; BEHAVIOR AB Many biological early warning systems (BEWS) have been developed in recent years that evaluate the physiological and behavioral responses of whole organisms to water quality. Using a fish ventilatory monitoring system developed at the US Army Centre for Environmental Health Research as an example, we illustrate the operation of a BEWS at a groundwater treatment facility. During a recent 12-month period, the fish ventilatory system was operational for 99%, of the time that the treatment facility was on-line. Effluent-exposed fish responded as a group about 2.8% of the time. While some events were due to equipment problems or non-toxic water quality variations, the fish system did indicate effluent anomalies that were subsequently identified and corrected. The fish monitoring BEWS increased treatment facility engineers' awareness of effluent quality and provided an extra measure of assurance to regulators and the public. Many operational and practical considerations for whole organism BEWS are similar to those for cell- or tissue-based biosensors. An effective biomonitoring system may need to integrate the responses of several biological and chemical sensors to achieve desired operational goals. Future development of an 'electronic canary', analogous to the original canary in the coal mine, could draw upon advances in signal processing and communication to establish a network of sensors in a watershed and to provide useful real-time information on water quality. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA. USA, Ctr Environm Hlth Res, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP van der Schalie, WH (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Ariel Rios Bldg,1200 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM vanderschalie.william@epa.gov NR 51 TC 61 Z9 65 U1 1 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY PI OXFORD PA OXFORD FULFILLMENT CENTRE THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0956-5663 J9 BIOSENS BIOELECTRON JI Biosens. Bioelectron. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 16 IS 7-8 BP 457 EP 465 DI 10.1016/S0956-5663(01)00160-9 PG 9 WC Biophysics; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Biophysics; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 476ZD UT WOS:000171257900006 PM 11544040 ER PT J AU Lachniet, MS Larson, GJ Lawson, DE Evenson, EB Alley, RB AF Lachniet, MS Larson, GJ Lawson, DE Evenson, EB Alley, RB TI Microstructures of sediment flow deposits and subglacial sediments: a comparison SO BOREAS LA English DT Article ID MICROSCOPIC EVIDENCE; MATANUSKA GLACIER; BED CONDITIONS; TILL; MICROMORPHOLOGY; ALASKA AB Microstructural analysis of glacial deposits has recently been used as a research tool to determine sediment genesis. However. the occurrence of microstructures in deposits of known origin has not been sufficiently documented. hindering our ability to confidently interpret microstructures in sediments of unknown origin. Our objective is to present a calibration study of microstructures of recent sediment flow deposits and associated sediments front the Matanuska Glacier, Alaska. and to evaluate the degree of commonality with microstructures found in subglacially deformed sediments. Microstructures in sediment flow deposits can be formed as a result of sediment transport. deposition. and/or post-depositional processes. and are related to the viscosity regime of the Source flow. Characteristic microstructures formed during brittle deformation include shears. faults. and brecciation; microstructures formed during ductile deformation include folds. pressure shadows. reorientation of clasts around a 'core' stone. fine laminations. basal shear zones. imbrication. and flow fabrics. Other microstructures include fluid escape and injection structures, clast haloes, and fissility. The results of our comparison suggest that sediment dow deposits share many microstructures in common with subglacially deformed sediments. C1 Syracuse Univ, Dept Earth Sci, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. Michigan State Univ, Dept Geol Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Anchorage, AK 99505 USA. Lehigh Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. Penn State Univ, Ctr Earth Syst Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Geosci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Lachniet, MS (reprint author), Syracuse Univ, Dept Earth Sci, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. EM mlachnie@syr.edu; larsong@pilot.msu.edu; dlawson@crrel.usace.army.mil; ebe0@lehigh.edu; ralley@essc.psu.edu OI Lachniet, Matthew/0000-0001-5250-0144 NR 19 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0300-9483 J9 BOREAS JI Boreas PD SEP PY 2001 VL 30 IS 3 BP 254 EP 262 PG 9 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA 476JC UT WOS:000171221600006 ER PT J AU Biltoft, CA AF Biltoft, CA TI Some thoughts on local isotropy and the 4/3 lateral to longitudinal velocity spectrum ratio SO BOUNDARY-LAYER METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article DE atmospheric turbulence; inertial subrange; Kolmogorov's hypotheses; local isotropy; sonic anemometer; Taylor's hypothesis; turbulence spectra ID HIGH-REYNOLDS-NUMBER; SURFACE-LAYER; TURBULENCE; ANISOTROPY AB Applications of Kolmogorov's universal equilibrium hypothesis and the Taylor transform to velocity spectra derived from measurements within the low frequency portion of the atmospheric surface layer (ASL) inertial subrange are examined. The measured ratios of lateral to longitudinal velocity component spectra exhibit considerable scatter, but suggest convergence towards 1.0 rather than towards the 4/3 expected from theory. Shear and buoyancy introduce anisotropy to the inertial subrange, thereby contributing to the observed scatter. The apparent discrepancy between the 4/3 velocity component spectrum ratio expected from theory and the measurements could arise as a consequence of the processing used to produce spectra. These processing effects must be considered from the perspective of the propagating eddy. Spectral averaging used with sonic anemometer data is done over time periods that are large with respect to inertial subrange eddy correlation decay times. This averaging causes energy from larger scale eddies to appear as `local convection' that dominates the Taylor transform. Spectrum ratio convergence and cospectra approaching zero are necessary, but not sufficient, conditions for onset of local isotropy. Measurements of spectrum ratios and cospectra over the entire inertial subrange are needed to determine whether or not local isotropy might occur within the ASL. C1 USA, Dugway Proving Ground W Desert Test Ctr, Dugway Proving Ground, UT 84022 USA. RP Biltoft, CA (reprint author), USA, Dugway Proving Ground W Desert Test Ctr, Dugway Proving Ground, UT 84022 USA. NR 22 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8314 J9 BOUND-LAY METEOROL JI Bound.-Layer Meteor. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 100 IS 3 BP 393 EP 404 DI 10.1023/A:1019289915930 PG 12 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 457WR UT WOS:000170160300002 ER PT J AU Deal, B AF Deal, B TI Ecological urban dynamics: the convergence of spatial modelling and sustainability SO BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION LA English DT Article DE ecology; environmental assessment; planning; simulation modelling; sustainability; sustainability indicators; tools; United States; urban development ID CELLULAR-AUTOMATA AB Planning professions have focused their attention on continued technological solutions to environmental problems despite discussions relating to the sustainability of the built human community. However, ecological sustainability involves the identification of ecologically sound alternatives to current practices, not necessarily involving technological intervention. In the urban ecosystem this means the identification of the processes of urban change. New theory, tools, and research methods in ecological systems have the potential to improve the dynamics of change in urban environments. A variety of sophisticated computational and theoretical tools exist for characterizing urban systems at a conceptual level, and for visualizing and understanding these characterizations. The theoretical underpinnings and practical application of the integrated, multi-disciplinary, ecological and engineering approach to modelling urbanland use transformation is presented. A new tool, LEAM (Land use Evolution and Impact Assessment Model), has been developed to provide researchers and professionals to address urban dynamics in greater detail at a variety of scales and interfaces. The conceptual framework of the LEAM model is provided, followed by an application of the model to a 'collar county' in the metro Chicago area. The model can visually examine the dynamic spread of human development in the county and the associated environmental impacts of the urban growth and development patterns. C1 Univ Illinois, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. Univ Illinois, Bldg Res Council, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. RP Deal, B (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Construct Engn Res Lab, 1 E St Marys Rd, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. NR 47 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 13 PU E & FN SPON PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON SE1 8HN, ENGLAND SN 0961-3218 J9 BUILD RES INF JI Build. Res. Informat. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 29 IS 5 BP 381 EP 393 DI 10.1080/09613210110074203 PG 13 WC Construction & Building Technology SC Construction & Building Technology GA 468PW UT WOS:000170767600007 ER PT J AU Silberberg, KR Laidig, TE Adams, PB Albin, D AF Silberberg, KR Laidig, TE Adams, PB Albin, D TI Analysis of maturity in Lingcod, Ophiodon elongatus SO CALIFORNIA FISH AND GAME LA English DT Article ID REPRODUCTIVE-BIOLOGY AB Lingcod, Ophiodonelongatus, maturity data from northern and central California commercial catch samples were analyzed to determine maturity patterns including length and age at 50% maturity and seasonal patterns in maturation of gonads. Female lingcod attained 50% maturity at 557 mm fork length (FL) and 3.8 years. Males attained 50% maturity at 461 mm FL and 3.2 years. Females matured over a range from 437-725 mm FL and 2-8 years of age, while males matured over a range from 390-664 mm FL and 2-7 years. The abundance of females with mature ovaries began to increase in October, prior to the spawning period, peaked in January, then declined through February. Spent females were most abundant during February and March, directly following the peak spawning period. Ripe males began to appear in September and increased in abundance through March. C1 Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz Lab, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA. Calif Dept Fish & Game, Ft Bragg, CA 95437 USA. RP Silberberg, KR (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz Lab, 110 Shaffer Rd, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA. NR 13 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 4 PU CALIF FISH AND GAME EDITOR PI SACRAMENTO PA 1416 NINTH ST, SACRAMENTO, CA 95814 USA SN 0008-1078 J9 CALIF FISH GAME JI Calif. Fish Game PD FAL PY 2001 VL 87 IS 4 BP 139 EP 152 PG 14 WC Fisheries; Zoology SC Fisheries; Zoology GA 667VJ UT WOS:000182254500002 ER PT J AU Shorr, AF Torrington, KG Hnatiuk, OW AF Shorr, AF Torrington, KG Hnatiuk, OW TI Endobronchial involvement and airway hyperreactivity in patients with sarcoidosis SO CHEST LA English DT Article DE airway; angiotensin-converting enzyme; endobronchial; hyperreactivity; sarcoidosis ID BRONCHIAL HYPERREACTIVITY; BRONCHOALVEOLAR LAVAGE; PULMONARY SARCOIDOSIS AB Study objective: To determine the relationship between airway hyperreactivity (AHR) and endobronchial involvement in patients with sarcoidosis. Design: Prospective series of consecutive patients. Setting: Pulmonary clinic of a military, tertiary-care teaching hospital. Patients: Patients with newly diagnosed sarcoidosis. Interventions: All patients undergoing bronchoscopy for the diagnosis of sarcoidosis underwent an evaluation that included history, physical examination, chest radiography, and spirometry. Bronchoprovocation testing was done using methacholine. During bronchoscopy, six endobronchial biopsy (EBB) specimens were obtained. In patients with abnormal-appearing. airways, four specimens were obtained from abnormal areas and two specimens were obtained from the main carina. In patients with normal-appearing airways, four specimens were obtained from a secondary carina and two specimens were obtained from the main carina. A biopsy specimen was considered positive if it demonstrated nonnecrotizing granulomas with special stains that were negative for fungal and mycobacterial organisms. Only patients with histologic confirmation of sarcoidosis were included in the data analysis. Measurements and results: The study cohort included 42 patients (57.1% were men, 61.9% were African American, and mean age [+/- SD] was 37.3 +/- 6.6 years). AHR was present in nine patients (21.4%), while EBB revealed nonnecrotizing granulomas in 57.1% of patients. All patients with AHR had positive EBB findings compared to 45.5% of individuals without AHR (p = 0.005). There was a trend toward lower lung volumes and flow rates in patients with AHR, but this did not reach statistical significance. The mean serum angiotensin-converting enzyme level was higher in patients with AHR (79.3 +/- 53.9 IU/L vs 37.5 +/- 26.7 IU/L, p = 0.05). No other clinical variable correlated with the presence of AHR. Conclusions: AHR may be seen in patients with sarcoidosis. Endobronchial involvement significantly increases the risk for AHR and may play a role in the development of AHR in patients with sarcoidosis. Other clinical factors are not clearly associated with AHR in patients with sarcoidosis. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Pulm & Crit Care Med Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Shorr, AF (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Pulm & Crit Care Med Serv, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 18 TC 48 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD SEP PY 2001 VL 120 IS 3 BP 881 EP 886 DI 10.1378/chest.120.3.881 PG 6 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 472EN UT WOS:000170970700034 PM 11555524 ER PT J AU Krueger, D AF Krueger, D TI Dual benefits SO CIVIL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article AB When the channel of the Port of Houston needed to be dredged to accommodate larger commercial vessels, engineers decided to put the dredged material to use to create wetlands and islands that will serve as habitat for a variety of wildlife. C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Galveston Dist, Galveston, TX USA. RP Krueger, D (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, Galveston Dist, Galveston, TX USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0885-7024 J9 CIVIL ENG JI Civil Eng. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 71 IS 9 BP 41 EP 45 PG 5 WC Engineering, Civil SC Engineering GA 470UQ UT WOS:000170889900030 ER PT J AU Abbott, KC Agodoa, LY AF Abbott, KC Agodoa, LY TI Multiple myeloma and light chain-associated nephropathy at end-stage renal disease in the United States: patient characteristics and survival SO CLINICAL NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Article DE multiple myeloma; light chain nephropathy; male; Caucasian; dialysis; USRDS; survival ID SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS; PRESENTING FEATURES; FAILURE; DIALYSIS AB Aims: The patient characteristics and clinical course of nephropathy associated with multiple myeloma/light chain disease (MMN) has not been described for a national sample of end-stage renal disease patients. Methods: 375,152 patients in the United States Renal Data System were initiated on ESRD therapy between January 1, 1992 and June 30, 1997, and were analyzed in a retrospective registry study of MMN (PDIS = 2030A, 2030B, 2030Z, and 203Z). Results: Of the study population, 3298 (0.88%) had MMN. Patients with MMN were disproportionately male (59.5% vs. 53.2%) and Caucasian (76.2% vs. 64.1%, p < 0.01 by Chi-square for both comparisons) and older (68.00 +/- 11.78 vs. 60.69 +/- 16.55 years, p < 0.01 by Student's t-test). In logistic regression analysis, patients with MMN were more likely male and Caucasian, were older, had lower serum hemoglobin, higher creatinine, and more likely to have been started on hemodialysis than peritoneal dialysis. The two-year all-cause mortality of patients with MMN during the study period was 58% vs. 31% in all other patients (p < 0.01 by log rank test). In Cox regression, MMN was independently associated with decreased all-cause patient survival (p < 0.01, hazard ratio for mortality = 2.52, 95% CI 2.38 - 2.67). Conclusions: MMN was associated with Caucasian race, male gender, and older age, compared with other ESRD patients. Patients with MMN had evidence of poorer medical condition on initiation of dialysis compared to other patients. MMN was associated with decreased patient survival after initiation of dialysis, although better than in some previous reports, and patients with MMN may be initiated on dialysis at a lower level of renal function than other patients with ESRD. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD USA. NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Abbott, KC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. OI Abbott, Kevin/0000-0003-2111-7112 NR 11 TC 41 Z9 48 U1 1 U2 2 PU DUSTRI-VERLAG DR KARL FEISTLE PI OBERHACHING PA BAJUWARENRING 4, D-82041 OBERHACHING, GERMANY SN 0301-0430 J9 CLIN NEPHROL JI Clin. Nephrol. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 56 IS 3 BP 207 EP 210 PG 4 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 487QZ UT WOS:000171887900004 PM 11597035 ER PT J AU Diokno, A Lee, P Zorn, BH Lenderking, WR Grossman, MA Bull, SA Albrecht, D AF Diokno, A Lee, P Zorn, BH Lenderking, WR Grossman, MA Bull, SA Albrecht, D TI Factors associated with clinical assessment of overactive bladder and selection of treatment SO CLINICAL THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article DE overactive bladder; urge urinary incontinence; treatment selection ID URGE URINARY-INCONTINENCE; OLDER WOMEN; OXYBUTYNIN AB Background: Overactive bladder (OAB) affects >17 million individuals in the United States, but the symptoms of OAB are frequently underreported by patients and therefore untreated by physicians. Objective: The purpose of this observational study was to investigate the demographic and clinical factors associated with the decision to treat OAB pharmacologically and identify factors associated with physicians' assessment of symptom severity. Methods: We studied 31 physicians treating 217 patients with OAB and collected data on patient demographic characteristics, OAB symptoms, previous management strategies, physicians' assessments of OAB severity, and treatment prescribed. Stepwise logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with selecting pharmacologic treatment and with physician assessment of severity of OAB symptoms. Results: The mean age of the patients was 61.3 years; similar to 82% were female, and similar to 73% were white. Participants with urinary incontinence were significantly (P<0.001) more likely to be treated with medication than were those with only symptoms of nocturia or urinary frequency. Other significant factors associated with pharmacologic treatment were being white (odds ratio [OR], 9.5; 95% CI, 2.9-30.8); being, black (OR, 5.9; 95% CI, 1.2-29.7); physician's clinical assessment of OAB as moderate (OR, 3.5; 95% CI, 1.5-8.2) or severe (OR, 3.8; 95% CI, 1.1-13.7); previous use of medication (OR, 2.9; 95% CI, 1.1-8.1); and number of incontinence episodes in the last 24 hours (OR, 1.2; 95% CI, 1.0-1.5). Factors associated with physician assessment of OAB severity included distress due to OAB symptoms (OR, 2.1; 95% CI, 1.3-3.2), number of incontinence episodes in the last 24 hours (OR, 1.2; 95% CI, 1.1-1.4), and use of previous treatment(s) (OR, 0.4; 95% CI, 0.2-0.8). Conclusions: Both demographic and clinical symptoms of OAB were associated with the decision to treat OAB with medication, whereas physicians' assessment of OAB severity was associated only with clinical symptoms. Urinary incontinence was the key symptom associated with the decision to treat patients with medication and with the assessment of OAB symptom severity. C1 William Beaumont Hosp, Dept Urol, Royal Oak, MI 48073 USA. Kaiser Permanente, Hayward, CA USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Abt Associates Clin Trials, Cambridge, MA USA. Alza Corp, Mt View, CA USA. RP Diokno, A (reprint author), William Beaumont Hosp, Dept Urol, Suite 438, Royal Oak, MI 48073 USA. NR 19 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 650 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0149-2918 J9 CLIN THER JI Clin. Ther. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 23 IS 9 BP 1542 EP 1551 DI 10.1016/S0149-2918(01)80126-0 PG 10 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 476CJ UT WOS:000171208400015 PM 11589266 ER PT J AU Marty, AM Conran, RM Kortepeter, MG AF Marty, AM Conran, RM Kortepeter, MG TI Recent challenges in infectious diseases - Biological pathogens as weapons and emerging endemic threats SO CLINICS IN LABORATORY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; CRYPTOSPORIDIUM INFECTION; HUMAN EHRLICHIOSIS; WHIPPLES-DISEASE; MASSIVE OUTBREAK; SP-NOV; IDENTIFICATION; RETROVIRUS; PARTICLES; PATIENT AB This article reviews emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases and provides insights regarding the evolution of our understanding of natural diseases and how that knowledge impacts the development of plans and methods for defending against the deliberate use of biological agents. Also discussed are forensic and legal issues for the pathologist concerning agents of biological terrorism and biological warfare, the concept of chain of custody, transport, storage, and biosafety levels. It defines the importance of the pathologist in managing the threat posed by biological weapons. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, F Edward Hebert Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. USA, Div Med, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD USA. RP Marty, AM (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, F Edward Hebert Sch Med, Dept Pathol, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd,Room B3 102, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 55 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0272-2712 J9 CLIN LAB MED JI Clin. Lab. Med. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 21 IS 3 BP 411 EP + PG 11 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 474NL UT WOS:000171113300004 PM 11572135 ER PT J AU Franz, DR Jahrling, PB McClain, DJ Hoover, DL Byrne, WR Pavlin, JA Christopher, GW Cieslak, TJ Friedlander, AM Eitzen, EM AF Franz, DR Jahrling, PB McClain, DJ Hoover, DL Byrne, WR Pavlin, JA Christopher, GW Cieslak, TJ Friedlander, AM Eitzen, EM TI Clinical recognition and management of patients exposed to biological warfare agents SO CLINICS IN LABORATORY MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID VENEZUELAN EQUINE ENCEPHALOMYELITIS; EBOLA HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; BRUCELLA-MELITENSIS INFECTION; PROTECT GUINEA-PIGS; LASSA FEVER; FOLLOW-UP; EASTERN ENCEPHALITIS; BACILLUS-ANTHRACIS; PNEUMONIC PLAGUE; ENTEROTOXIN-B AB Concern regarding the use of biological agents as tools of warfare or terrorism has led to measures to deter their use or to deal with the consequences. Unlike chemical agents, diseases resulting from biological agents have incubation periods of days. Rather than a paramedic, it will likely be a physician who is first faced with evidence of the results of a biological attack. This article provides an updated primer on 11 classic biological warfare and potential terrorist agents to increase the likelihood of their being considered in a differential diagnosis. If the cause is identified quickly; appropriate therapy can be initiated and the impact of a terrorist attack greatly reduced. C1 Univ Alabama Birmingham, So Res Inst, Birmingham, AL USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. US Dept Def, Dept Field Studies, Global Emerging Infect Surveillance & Response Sy, Forest Glenn, MD USA. RP Franz, DR (reprint author), 365 W Patrick St,223, Frederick, MD 21701 USA. NR 205 TC 28 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 12 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0272-2712 EI 1557-9832 J9 CLIN LAB MED JI Clin. Lab. Med. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 21 IS 3 BP 435 EP + PG 40 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 474NL UT WOS:000171113300006 PM 11572137 ER PT J AU Burgess, TH Steele, KE Schoneboom, BA Grieder, FB AF Burgess, TH Steele, KE Schoneboom, BA Grieder, FB TI Clinicopathologic features of viral agents of potential use by bioterrorists SO CLINICS IN LABORATORY MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID VENEZUELAN EQUINE ENCEPHALITIS; WEST-NILE-VIRUS; ARGENTINE HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; INFECTIOUS RNA TRANSCRIPTS; NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; PROTECT GUINEA-PIGS; EBOLA-VIRUS; NONHUMAN-PRIMATES; RHESUS-MONKEYS; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION AB Concerns regarding the possible use of viral agents as weapons of mass destruction have heightened our need to recognize disease syndromes caused by these pathogens and to increase our understanding of potential countermeasures. This article reviews the clinical and pathologic features of various viruses that are generally thought to be potential biowarfare threat, and other related agents of topical interest. The epidemiologic and clinical aspect of recent natural outbreaks of disease caused by exotic viral agents are briefly described. Viral tissue target, immune responses to these agents, relevant animal models, and diagnostic and potential therapeutic modalities also are discussed. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, F Edward Hebert Sch Med, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. USN, Viral Dis Dept, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, F Edward Hebert Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. USA, Grad Program Anesthesia Nursing, Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI USA. NIH, Lab Anim Sci Program, Natl Ctr Res Resources, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Burgess, TH (reprint author), USN, Viral & Rickettsial Dis Dept, Med Res Ctr, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 107 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0272-2712 J9 CLIN LAB MED JI Clin. Lab. Med. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 21 IS 3 BP 475 EP + PG 20 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 474NL UT WOS:000171113300007 PM 11572138 ER PT J AU Krafft, AE Kulesh, DA AF Krafft, AE Kulesh, DA TI Applying molecular biological techniques to detecting biological agents SO CLINICS IN LABORATORY MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; VENEZUELAN EQUINE ENCEPHALITIS; LYMPHOCYTIC CHORIOMENINGITIS VIRUS; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE ANALYSIS; AMINO-ACID-SEQUENCE; WEST NILE VIRUS; BACILLUS-ANTHRACIS STRAINS; LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION-PCR; PUBLIC-HEALTH MANAGEMENT AB Recent innovations in nucleic acid probe chemistry and amplification technology have made possible new automated laboratory systems for rapid detection of infectious agents. An overview of new fluorescent probe and real-time amplification technologies useful for detection of unusual bacterial and exotic viral agents seldom seen in patients with the potential for use in acts of bioterrorism is presented. Available genomic information and unique gene targets for molecular detection of many potential bioagents that cannot be cultured readily by routine microbiologic methods are also provided. C1 Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Cellular Pathol, Div Mol Pathol, Mol Diagnost Lab, Washington, DC 20036 USA. USA, Diagnost Syst Div, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Krafft, AE (reprint author), Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Cellular Pathol, Div Mol Pathol, Mol Diagnost Lab, 14th St & Alaska Ave NW, Washington, DC 20036 USA. EM krafft@afip.osd.mil NR 213 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0272-2712 J9 CLIN LAB MED JI Clin. Lab. Med. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 21 IS 3 BP 631 EP + PG 31 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 474NL UT WOS:000171113300014 PM 11572144 ER PT J AU Henchal, EA Teska, JD Ludwig, GV Shoemaker, DR Ezzell, JW AF Henchal, EA Teska, JD Ludwig, GV Shoemaker, DR Ezzell, JW TI Current laboratory methods for biological threat agent identification SO CLINICS IN LABORATORY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; BACILLUS-ANTHRACIS SPORES; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; BACTERIAL-SPORES; YERSINIA-PESTIS; FRANCISELLA-TULARENSIS; MULTIPLEX-PCR; ENTEROTOXIN-B; DNA; GENES AB The global proliferation of biological warfare technologies remains a significant threat to public health. The clinical laboratory has an important role in the national response to bioterrorism. Many of the biological threat agents that could be used in weapons of mass destruction, however, are unfamiliar to health care providers and medical technologists. Definitive identification of most agents requires an approach that integrates clinical observations, classical culture methods, immunodiagnostic assays, and nucleic acid analysis. This article presents analytical approaches that could be adapted by clinical laboratories and reference laboratories for identifying the most important biological threats. C1 USA, Diagnost Syst Div, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Henchal, EA (reprint author), USA, Diagnost Syst Div, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM erik.henchal@det.amedd.army.mil NR 60 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 2 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0272-2712 J9 CLIN LAB MED JI Clin. Lab. Med. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 21 IS 3 BP 661 EP + PG 20 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 474NL UT WOS:000171113300015 PM 11572145 ER PT J AU Culpepper, RC Pratt, WD AF Culpepper, RC Pratt, WD TI Advances in medical biological defense technology SO CLINICS IN LABORATORY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID POLYNUCLEOTIDE MOLECULES; PCR; DNA AB Research and development on appropriate medical countermeasures have been in progress for many years for most of the commonly recognized biological threat agents. New advances in biotechnology have radically altered the traditional threat of biological agents because organisms can be modified to have properties of virulence or toxicity not found naturally. This article describes some of the advanced biotechnologic approaches used to produce medical countermeasures against the threats of biowarfare and bioterrorism. C1 USA, Operat Med Div, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Div Virol, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Culpepper, RC (reprint author), USA, Operat Med Div, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0272-2712 J9 CLIN LAB MED JI Clin. Lab. Med. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 21 IS 3 BP 679 EP + PG 12 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 474NL UT WOS:000171113300016 PM 11572146 ER PT J AU Wornom, SF Welsh, DJS Bedford, KW AF Wornom, SF Welsh, DJS Bedford, KW TI On coupling the SWAN and WAM wave models for accurate nearshore wave predictions SO COASTAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE WAM; SWAN; nearshore wave prediction; 1995 Hurricane Luis; depth-induced wave breaking; triad wave-wave interaction ID COASTAL REGIONS AB A simulation of wind-wave activity for the 1995 Hurricane Luis has been performed using the WAM and SWAN wave models. This study tested the WAM/SWAN interface option present in the SWAN code to determine the effectiveness of applying SWAN in the finest WAM nest as a means to obtain more accurate nearshore wave predictions. The SWAN code was developed specifically for the nearshore and contains formulations for two physical processes not represented in the WAM code: depth-induced wave breaking and triad wave-wave interaction. SWAN was run with and without these processes to determine their effects on the results. The inclusion of triad wave-wave interaction did not significantly affect the results. In contrast, the inclusion of depth-induced wave breaking reduced the maximum wave height at the storm's peak by 31% at the test site located 900 m offshore in a water depth of 8 m. These results suggest that applying the SWAN code in the finest WAM nest can be an effective means of obtaining more accurate nearshore wave predictions. C1 USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Ohio State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn & Geodet Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Wornom, SF (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM wornomsf@evdc.hpc.mil; welsh.3@osu.edu; bedford.l@osu.edu NR 17 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 7 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0578-5634 EI 1793-6292 J9 COAST ENG J JI Coast Eng. J. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 43 IS 3 BP 161 EP 201 DI 10.1142/S0578563401000335 PG 41 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean SC Engineering GA 478KT UT WOS:000171345900003 ER PT J AU Delaney, AJ Peapples, PR Arcone, SA AF Delaney, AJ Peapples, PR Arcone, SA TI Electrical resistivity of frozen and petroleum-contaminated fine-grained soil SO COLD REGIONS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Contaiminants in Freezing Ground CY JUL 02-05, 2000 CL FITZWILLIAM COLL, CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SP Univ Cambridge, Scott Polar Res Inst, Geotech Sci Labs, Carleton Univ HO FITZWILLIAM COLL DE electrical resistivity; petroleum-contaminated soils; frozen soils ID GROUNDWATER AB Both positive and negative resistivity anomalies associated with contaminated soil have been reported in the recent literature. By positive we mean expected increases of resistivity with decreasing water content, increasing hydrocarbon content, and freezing. In this investigation, we tested these findings by measuring the electrical resistivity of samples of fine-grained soils contaminated with petroleum and by performing a field survey of an abandoned petroleum storage site where drilling and sampling confirmed soil contamination. In the laboratory, the cylindrical silt samples demonstrated a three-order-of-magnitude decrease in resistivity as water content increased. A corresponding resistivity increase was observed when water content was held at a constant level and petroleum percent was increased incrementally to saturation. Resistivity and temperature were also measured along a vertical profile as both the frost and petroleum front advanced beneath the surface of a large, unsorted silty-sand sample. Resistivity of the uncontaminated silty sand increased from 400 to 4000 Omega in as the soil froze; resistivity further increased to 10,000 Omega in when the soil was both frozen (-3.0 degreesC) and contaminated. In the field we contoured resistivity, determined by Wenner array profiling within the containment berm of a storage tank where spills occurred sporadically during the 25-year operation period. Increasing values of apparent resistivity compare favorably with documented residual petroleum contamination and corroborates our laboratory measurements. We conclude that residual petroleum on soil particle surfaces results in a permanent increase in soil resistivity and that positive anomalies should be expected in most common situations. Published by Elsevier Science BN. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Alaska Div Geol & Geophys Surveys, Fairbanks, AK 99709 USA. RP Delaney, AJ (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 25 TC 15 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-232X J9 COLD REG SCI TECHNOL JI Cold Reg. Sci. Tech. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 32 IS 2-3 BP 107 EP 119 DI 10.1016/S0165-232X(00)00023-9 PG 13 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA 475CM UT WOS:000171144200004 ER PT J AU Shorr, AF Ramage, AS AF Shorr, AF Ramage, AS TI Enoxaparin for thromboprophylaxis after major trauma: Potential cost implications SO CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE cost; deep vein thrombosis; heparin; low-molecular-weight heparin; prophylaxis; pulmonary embolism; trauma ID MOLECULAR-WEIGHT HEPARIN; DEEP-VEIN THROMBOSIS; LOW-DOSE HEPARIN; VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM; UNFRACTIONATED HEPARIN; HIP-REPLACEMENT; PROPHYLAXIS; PREVENTION; SURGERY; EFFICACY AB Objective: To determine the cost-effectiveness of enoxaparin compared with low-dose-heparin (LDH) for thromboprophylaxis after major trauma and to assess the economic significance of major bleeding as a complication of the use of low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH). Design: Decision model analysis of the cost and efficacy of enoxaparin at preventing venous thromboembolism (VTE) and the risk and costs of major hemorrhage related to LMWH. The primary outcome was deep vein thromboses (DVTs) averted. Model estimates were based on data from prospective trials of LMWH and other studies of the financial ramifications of DVT and pulmonary embolism. Setting and Patients: Hypothetical cohort of 1,000 critically ill trauma patients requiring thromboprophylaxis. Interventions., In the model, patients were managed with either LMWH or LDH. Measurements and Main Results: The marginal cost-effectiveness of enoxaparin was calculated as the savings resulting from cases of DVT averted less the additional costs of both 1) LMWH and 2) major bleeding. This result is expressed as cost (or savings) per DVT prevented. Sensitivity analysis of the impact of the major clinical inputs on the cost-effectiveness was performed. The base case assumed that the incidence of DVT with LDH was 14.7%, that LMWH resulted in a relative risk reduction of DVT of 50%, but that enoxaparin nearly quadrupled the risk of bleeding. Despite the higher costs of enoxaparin, this tactic yielded a net savings of $391.23 per DVT prevented, For sensitivity analysis, model inputs were adjusted by 25% individually and then simultaneously. This demonstrated the model to be most sensitive to the calculated cost of a DVT. With the efficacy of LMWH reduced by 25% of the base-case estimate, enoxaparin resulted in a cost of $311.77 per DVT avoided. When all variables were skewed against LMWH, total outlays were trivial (approximately $85 per patient in the cohort). Neither the rate of increased bleeding with LMWH nor the costs incurred as a result of bleeding significantly altered the model's financial outcomes. Conclusions: Reliance on enoxaparin represents a strategy for the prevention of VTE after trauma that may result in savings. Neither concerns about the higher cost of enoxaprin relative to LDH nor the financial implications of major bleeding should preclude the use of LWMH for thromboprophylaxis in trauma patients. Further studies are warranted to confirm the efficacy of enoxaparin. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Pulm & Crit Care Med Serv, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Shorr, AF (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Pulm & Crit Care Med Serv, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 42 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0090-3493 J9 CRIT CARE MED JI Crit. Care Med. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 29 IS 9 BP 1659 EP 1665 DI 10.1097/00003246-200109000-00001 PG 7 WC Critical Care Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine GA 472TE UT WOS:000171000400001 PM 11546959 ER PT J AU Watson-Ramirez, L Rasmussen, SE Warschaw, KE Mulloy, JP Elston, DM AF Watson-Ramirez, L Rasmussen, SE Warschaw, KE Mulloy, JP Elston, DM TI Plantar fibromatosis: Use of magnetic resonance imaging in diagnosis SO CUTIS LA English DT Article ID FOOT AB For patients presenting with classic features of plantar fibromatosis, a presumptive diagnosis may be made on clinical grounds alone. In less clear cases, a biopsy may allow confirmation of the diagnosis; however, a biopsy exposes the patient to operative complications. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) offers a noninvasive method for confirmation of the clinical diagnosis that may obviate the need for a biopsy. We describe a case that demonstrates the potential of this technique. C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. RP Elston, DM (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol MCHE DD, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU QUADRANT HEALTHCOM INC PI CHATHAM PA 26 MAIN ST, STE A, CHATHAM, NJ 07928-2402 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD SEP PY 2001 VL 68 IS 3 BP 219 EP 222 PG 4 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 474LG UT WOS:000171108000010 PM 11579789 ER PT J AU Torres, MA AF Torres, MA TI Developing scalable distributed applications - A generic model implemented in Java SO DR DOBBS JOURNAL LA English DT Article C1 USA, Res Lab, White Sands Missile Range, NM USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MILLER FREEMAN, INC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 600 HARRISON ST,, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1044-789X J9 DR DOBBS J JI Dr. Dobbs J. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 26 IS 9 BP 21 EP + PG 4 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA 457ZY UT WOS:000170169900015 ER PT J AU Tang, J Cao, Y Rose, RL Brimfield, AA Dai, D Goldstein, JA Hodgson, E AF Tang, J Cao, Y Rose, RL Brimfield, AA Dai, D Goldstein, JA Hodgson, E TI Metabolism of chlorpyrifos by human cytochrome P450 isoforms and human, mouse, and rat liver microsomes SO DRUG METABOLISM AND DISPOSITION LA English DT Article ID PARATHION; ACTIVATION; TOXICITY; BIOTRANSFORMATION; IDENTIFICATION; OXIDATION AB One of the factors determining the toxicity of chlorpyrifos (CPS), an organophosphorus (OP) insecticide, is its biotransformation. CPS can be activated by cytochrome P450 (CYP) through a desulfuration reaction to form chlorpyrifos-oxon (CPO), a potent anticholinesterase. CPS can also be detoxified by CYP through a dearylation reaction. Using pooled human liver microsomes (HLM), a K-mapp of 30.2 muM and V-maxapp of 0.4 nmol/min/mg of protein was obtained for desulfuration, and a K-mapp of 14.2 muM and a V-maxapp of 0.7 nmol/min/mg of protein was obtained for dearylation. These activities are lower than those obtained from rat liver microsomes. Gender differences in humans were also observed with female HLM possessing greater activity than male HLM. Use of human CYP isoforms expressed in human lymphoblastoma cells demonstrated that CYP1A2, 2B6, 2C9*1, 2C19, and 3A4 are involved in CPS metabolism. CYP2B6 has the highest desulfuration activity, whereas dearylation activity is highest for 2C19. CYP3A4 has high activity for both dearylation and desulfuration. The use of phenotyped individual HLM demonstrated that predictions of metabolic activation and/or detoxication could be made based on relative amounts of CYP2B6, 2C19, and 3A4 in the microsomes. Thus, individuals with high CYP2C19 but low 3A4 and 2B6 are more active in dearylation than in desulfuration. Similarly, individuals possessing high levels of CYP2B6 and 3A4 have the greatest potential to form the activation product. These differences between individuals suggest that differential sensitivities to CPS may exist in the human population. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Environm & Mol Toxicol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NIEHS, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Hodgson, E (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Environm & Mol Toxicol, Box 7633, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RI Goldstein, Joyce/A-6681-2012 NR 20 TC 152 Z9 158 U1 3 U2 15 PU AMER SOC PHARMACOLOGY EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0090-9556 J9 DRUG METAB DISPOS JI Drug Metab. Dispos. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 29 IS 9 BP 1201 EP 1204 PG 4 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 465MV UT WOS:000170593500006 PM 11502728 ER PT J AU Yashina, L Mishin, V Zdanovskaya, N Schmaljohn, C Ivanov, L AF Yashina, L Mishin, V Zdanovskaya, N Schmaljohn, C Ivanov, L TI A newly discovered variant of a hantavirus in Apodemus peninsulae, far eastern Russia SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter ID HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; RENAL SYNDROME C1 State Res Ctr Virol & Biotechnol Vector Koltsovo, Novosibirsk, Russia. Khabarovsk Antiplaque Stn, Khabarovsk, Russia. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD USA. RP Yashina, L (reprint author), State Res Ctr Virol & Biotechnol Vector Koltsovo, Novosibirsk, Russia. NR 7 TC 22 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 1 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD SEP-OCT PY 2001 VL 7 IS 5 BP 912 EP 913 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 489EQ UT WOS:000171979400030 PM 11747715 ER PT J AU Ghosh, U Talley, JW Luthy, RG AF Ghosh, U Talley, JW Luthy, RG TI Particle-scale investigation of PAH desorption kinetics and thermodynamics from sediment SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; ORGANIC-CHEMICALS; SORPTION KINETICS; LAKE-MICHIGAN; LONG-TERM; DIFFUSION; MODEL; ASSOCIATION; TEMPERATURE; EXTRACTION AB Dredged sediment from Milwaukee Harbor showed two primary classes of particles in the <2 mm size range: a lighter density coal- and wood-derived fraction with 62% of total PAHs and a heavier-density sand, silt, and clay fraction containing the remaining 38% of the PAHs. Room-temperature PAH desorption kinetic studies on separated sediment fractions revealed slow desorption rates for the coal-derived particles and fast desorption rates for the clay/silt particles. The effect of temperature on PAH release was measured by thermal program desorption mass spectrometry to investigate the desorption activation energies for PAHs on the different sediment particles, Three activated diffusion-based models and an activated first order rate model were used to describe the thermal desorption of PAHs for four molecular weight classes. PAH binding with the coal-derived particles was associated with high activation energies, typically in the range of 115 -139 kJ/mol. PAHs bound to the clay/silt material had much lower activation energy, i.e., in the range of 37-41 kJ/mol for molecular weight 202. Among the desorption models tested, a spherical diffusion model with PAHs located like a rind on the outer 1-3 mum region best described the PAH thermal desorption response for coal-derived particles. This internal PAH distribution pattern on coal-derived particles is based on prior direct measurement of PAH locations at the subparticle scale. These studies reveal that heterogeneous particle types in sediment exhibit much different amounts and binding of PAHs. PAHs associated with coal-derived particles aged over several decades in the field appear to be far from reaching an equilibrium sorption state due to the extremely slow diffusivities through the polymer-like coal matrix. These results provide an improved mechanistic perspective for the understanding of PAH mobility and bioavailability in sediments. C1 Stanford Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Luthy, RG (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. NR 37 TC 130 Z9 142 U1 4 U2 53 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD SEP 1 PY 2001 VL 35 IS 17 BP 3468 EP 3475 DI 10.1021/es0105820 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 469PP UT WOS:000170824300021 PM 11563648 ER PT J AU Wang, J Levendis, YA Richter, H Howard, JB Carlson, J AF Wang, J Levendis, YA Richter, H Howard, JB Carlson, J TI Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and particulate emissions from two-stage combustion of polystyrene: The effect of the primary furnace temperature SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SIMULATED INCINERATOR CONDITIONS; DIFFUSION FLAMES; SOOT; PARTICLES; POLY(STYRENE); PYROLYSIS; POLYMERS; PLASTICS; POLY(ETHYLENE); METHANE AB A study is presented on laboratory-scale combustion of polystyrene (PS) to identify staged-combustion conditions that minimize emissions. Batch combustion of shredded PS was conducted in fixed beds placed in a bench-scale electrically heated horizontal muffle furnace, In most cases, combustion of the samples occurred by forming gaseous diffusion flames in atmospheric pressure air. The combustion effluent was mixed with additional air, and it was channeled to a second muffle furnace (afterburner) placed in series. Further reactions took place in the secondary furnace at a residence time of 0.7 s, The gas temperature of the primary furnace was varied in the range of 500-1000 degreesC, while that of the secondary furnace was kept fixed at 1000 degreesC. Sampling for CO, CO2, O-2, soot, and unburned hydrocarbon emissions (volatile and semivolatile, by GC-MS) was performed at the exits of the two furnaces. Results showed that the temperature of the primary furnace, where PS gasifies, is of paramount importance to the formation and subsequent emissions of organic species and soot. At the lowest temperatures explored, mostly styrene oligomers were identified at the outlet of the primary furnace, but they did not survive the treatment in the secondary furnace. The formation and emission Of PolycycIic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and soot were suppressed. As the temperature in the first furnace was raised, increasing amounts of a wide range of both unsubstituted and substituted PAH containing up to at least seven condensed aromatic rings were detected. A similar trend was observed for total particulate yields. The secondary furnace treatment reduced the yields of total PAH, but it had an ambiguous effect on individual species. While most low molecular mass PAH were reduced in the secondary furnace, concentrations of some larger PAH increased under certain conditions. Thus, care in the selection of operating conditions of both the primary furnace (gasifier/burner) and the secondary furnace (afterburner) must be exercised to minimize the emission of hazardous pollutants. The emissions of soot were also reduced in the afterburner but not drastically. This indicates that soot is indeed resistant to oxidation; thus, it would be best to avoid its formation in the first place. An oxidative pyrolysis temperature of PS in the vicinity of 600 degreesC appears to accomplish exactly that. An additional afterburner treatment at a sufficiently high temperature (1000 degreesC) may be a suitable setting for minimization of most pollutants. To obtain deeper understanding of chemical processes, the experimental results were qualitatively compared with preliminary predictions of a detailed kinetic model that describes formation and destruction pathways of chemical species including most PAH observed in the present work, The modeling was performed for the secondary furnace assuming plug-flow conditions therein. The experimentally determined chemical composition at the outlet of the primary furnace was part of the input parameters of the model calculation. C1 Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. USA, Natick Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Levendis, YA (reprint author), Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. NR 52 TC 42 Z9 44 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD SEP 1 PY 2001 VL 35 IS 17 BP 3541 EP 3552 DI 10.1021/es0105109 PG 12 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 469PP UT WOS:000170824300032 PM 11563660 ER PT J AU Adrian, NR Chow, T AF Adrian, NR Chow, T TI Identification of hydroxylamino-dinitroso-1,3,5-triazine as a transient intermediate formed during the anaerobic biodegradation of hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine; explosive; anaerobic; biodegradation; methanogenic ID CONTAMINATED SOILS; 2,4,6-TRINITROTOLUENE TNT; RDX; DEGRADATION; BIOREMEDIATION; OPTIMIZATION; EXPLOSIVES AB The metabolic fate of hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) in a mixed culture incubated under methanogenic conditions was studied, Analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) confirmed the loss of RDX and the formation of mono-, di-, and trinitroso-RDX as transient biodegradation intermediates. An additional peak observed in the HPLC chromatograms was identified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry as hydroxylamino-dinitroso-1,3,5-triazine. This is the first report identifying hydroxylamino-dinitroso-1,3,5-triazine as a transient intermediate produced during the anaerobic biodegradation of RDX. C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61821 USA. Illinois Waster Management & Res Ctr, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. RP Adrian, NR (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Construct Engn Res Lab, POB 9005, Champaign, IL 61821 USA. NR 19 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 1 PU SETAC PI PENSACOLA PA 1010 NORTH 12TH AVE, PENSACOLA, FL 32501-3367 USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 20 IS 9 BP 1874 EP 1877 DI 10.1897/1551-5028(2001)020<1874:IOHDTA>2.0.CO;2 PG 4 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 465RF UT WOS:000170603200004 PM 11521812 ER PT J AU Frattarelli, JL AF Frattarelli, JL TI Incidence of baseline ovarian cysts in clomiphene citrate ovulation induction cycles. SO FERTILITY AND STERILITY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0015-0282 J9 FERTIL STERIL JI Fertil. Steril. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 76 IS 3 SU 3 MA O251 BP S95 EP S96 DI 10.1016/S0015-0282(01)02283-X PG 2 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA 470HA UT WOS:000170863900252 ER PT J AU Levi, AJ Leondires, MP Segars, JH McKeeby, JL Scott, LA Alvero, RJ AF Levi, AJ Leondires, MP Segars, JH McKeeby, JL Scott, LA Alvero, RJ TI Analysis of 50 frozen blastocyst transfers: pregnancy in prior fresh ART cycles does not predict outcome. SO FERTILITY AND STERILITY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NIH, Combined Fed Program Reprod Endocrinol, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NIH, Pediat & Reprod Endocrinol Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, ART Inst Washington Inc, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0015-0282 J9 FERTIL STERIL JI Fertil. Steril. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 76 IS 3 SU 3 MA P35 BP S123 EP S123 DI 10.1016/S0015-0282(01)02361-5 PG 1 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA 470HA UT WOS:000170863900329 ER PT J AU McKeeby, JL Scott, LA Leondires, MP Alvero, RJ AF McKeeby, JL Scott, LA Leondires, MP Alvero, RJ TI Human pronuclear morphology is independent of maternal age and day 3 FSH in assisted reproductive technology (ART). SO FERTILITY AND STERILITY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NIH, Combined Fed Program Reprod Endocrinol, Bethesda, MD USA. NIH, Pediat & Reprod Endocrinol Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. ART Inst Washington Inc, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0015-0282 J9 FERTIL STERIL JI Fertil. Steril. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 76 IS 3 SU 3 MA P474 BP S270 EP S270 DI 10.1016/S0015-0282(01)02809-6 PG 1 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA 470HA UT WOS:000170863900760 ER PT J AU McKeeby, JL Leondires, MP Alvero, RJ AF McKeeby, JL Leondires, MP Alvero, RJ TI Comparison of oocyte maturation in microdose follicular-phase and luteal-phase gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a) ovarian stimulation protocols. SO FERTILITY AND STERILITY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NIH, Combined Fed Program Reprod Endocrinol, Washington, DC USA. NIH, Pediat & Reprod Endocrinol Branch, Washington, DC USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0015-0282 J9 FERTIL STERIL JI Fertil. Steril. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 76 IS 3 SU 3 MA P189 BP S175 EP S176 DI 10.1016/S0015-0282(01)02517-1 PG 2 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA 470HA UT WOS:000170863900482 ER PT J AU McKeeby, JL Leondires, MP Segars, JH Scott, LA Alvero, RJ Miller, BT AF McKeeby, JL Leondires, MP Segars, JH Scott, LA Alvero, RJ Miller, BT TI High order multiple gestations (HOM) are significantly reduced by the implementation of extended culture system and blastocyst transfer (BT) in an ART program. SO FERTILITY AND STERILITY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NIH, Combined Fed Program Reprod Endocrinol, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NIH, Pediat & Reprod Endocrinol Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NIH, Combined Fed Program Reprod Endocrinol, Washington, DC USA. NIH, Pediat & Reprod Endocrinol Branch, Washington, DC USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, ART Inst Washington Inc, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Reprod Med Assoc New Jersey, Morristown, NJ USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0015-0282 J9 FERTIL STERIL JI Fertil. Steril. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 76 IS 3 SU 3 MA O33 BP S13 EP S13 DI 10.1016/S0015-0282(01)02051-9 PG 1 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA 470HA UT WOS:000170863900034 ER PT J AU Katz, DE Taylor, DN AF Katz, DE Taylor, DN TI Parasitic infections of the gastrointestinal tract SO GASTROENTEROLOGY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Review ID ENTAMOEBA-HISTOLYTICA INFECTION; GIARDIA-LAMBLIA INFECTION; AMEBIC LIVER-ABSCESS; DIENTAMOEBA-FRAGILIS; BLASTOCYSTIS-HOMINIS; CRYPTOSPORIDIUM INFECTION; CYCLOSPORA INFECTIONS; FOREIGN RESIDENTS; ANTIGEN-DETECTION; MASSIVE OUTBREAK AB This article updates recent advances in the body of knowledge of diagnosis and treatment of intestinal parasites. The articles focus on the manifestations of disease in the immunocompetent adult host from developed countries. Specific pathogens discussed are Giardia lamblia and Dientamoeba fragilis, Entamoeba histolytica, Entamoeba dipar, Blastocystis hominis, Cyclospora cayetanensis, and Cryptosporidium parvum. C1 USA, Dept Enter Infect, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol,Forrest Glen Sect, Walter Reed Army Inst Res,Med Corps, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, F Edward Hebert Sch Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Taylor, DN (reprint author), USA, Dept Enter Infect, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol,Forrest Glen Sect, Walter Reed Army Inst Res,Med Corps, Bldg 503,Rm 3A16, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 115 TC 29 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0889-8553 J9 GASTROENTEROL CLIN N JI Gastroenterol. Clin. North Am. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 30 IS 3 BP 797 EP + DI 10.1016/S0889-8553(05)70211-9 PG 20 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 475QX UT WOS:000171176500013 PM 11586558 ER PT J AU Wong, RKH Horwhat, JD Maydonovitch, CL AF Wong, RKH Horwhat, JD Maydonovitch, CL TI Sky blue or murky waters: the diagnostic utility of methylene blue SO GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY LA English DT Editorial Material ID INTESTINAL METAPLASIA; BARRETTS-ESOPHAGUS; DYSPLASIA C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Gastroenterol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Div Digest Dis, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Womack Army Med Hosp, Gastroenterol Serv, Ft Bragg, NC USA. RP Wong, RKH (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Gastroenterol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 17 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0016-5107 J9 GASTROINTEST ENDOSC JI Gastrointest. Endosc. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 54 IS 3 BP 409 EP 413 DI 10.1067/mge.2001.117994 PG 5 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 468XZ UT WOS:000170784600032 PM 11522996 ER PT J AU Moses, F AF Moses, F TI Sunflower seed rectal bezoar in an adult SO GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY LA English DT Letter ID COLONIC OBSTRUCTION; PHYTOBEZOAR C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Gastroenterol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Moses, F (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Gastroenterol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0016-5107 J9 GASTROINTEST ENDOSC JI Gastrointest. Endosc. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 54 IS 3 BP 420 EP 421 DI 10.1067/mge.2001.117157 PG 2 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 468XZ UT WOS:000170784600036 PM 11523000 ER PT J AU Richardson, P Sieh, L Elkateeh, AM AF Richardson, P Sieh, L Elkateeh, AM TI Fault tolerant adaptive scheduling for embedded real-time systems SO IEEE MICRO LA English DT Article AB THIS FAULT-TOLERANT ALGORITHM USES A TIME-VALUE SCHEDULING. APPROACH TO DETECT FAULTS, SUSTAIN HIGH PROCESSOR UTILIZATION, AND ENSURE TIMELY EXECUTION OF CRITICAL TASKS. C1 Univ Michigan, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Dearborn, MI 48128 USA. USA, Res Ctr, Warren, MI USA. RP Univ Michigan, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 4901 Evergreen Rd, Dearborn, MI 48128 USA. EM paul-richardson@umich.edu NR 12 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 0272-1732 EI 1937-4143 J9 IEEE MICRO JI IEEE Micro PD SEP-OCT PY 2001 VL 21 IS 5 BP 41 EP 51 DI 10.1109/40.958698 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA 483AM UT WOS:000171611600012 ER PT J AU McGarry, J AF McGarry, J TI When it comes to measuring software, every project is unique SO IEEE SOFTWARE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA, Armament Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Qual Engn Directorate, Washington, DC USA. RP McGarry, J (reprint author), USA, Armament Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Qual Engn Directorate, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 0740-7459 J9 IEEE SOFTWARE JI IEEE Softw. PD SEP-OCT PY 2001 VL 18 IS 5 BP 19 EP + PG 2 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA 471RX UT WOS:000170943400008 ER PT J AU Proctor, MD Creech, GS AF Proctor, MD Creech, GS TI Object-oriented modeling of patients in a medical federation SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN BIOMEDICINE LA English DT Article DE biomedical education and training; federation; object model; patient model AB This research explores the development of an object-oriented model to support inter-operation of simulations within a federation for the purpose of conducting medical analysis and training over a distributed infrastructure. The medical federation is referred to as the combat trauma patient simulation system and is composed using high level architecture. The infrastructure contains components that were separately developed and are heterogeneous in nature. This includes a general anatomical computer database capable of generating human injuries, referred to as operational requirements-based casualty assessment, an animated mannequin called the human patient simulator, and other components. The research develops an object model that enables bodily injury data to be shared across the simulation, conducts analysis on that data, and considers possible applications of the technique in expanded medical infrastructures. C1 Univ Cent Florida, Dept Ind Engn & Management Syst, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. USA, Fayetteville, NC 28310 USA. RP Proctor, MD (reprint author), Univ Cent Florida, Dept Ind Engn & Management Syst, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 1089-7771 J9 IEEE T INF TECHNOL B JI IEEE T. Inf. Technol. Biomed. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 5 IS 3 BP 244 EP 247 DI 10.1109/4233.945295 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Medical Informatics SC Computer Science; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Medical Informatics GA 468QH UT WOS:000170769300008 PM 11550846 ER PT J AU Ballato, A AF Ballato, A TI Modeling piezoelectric and piezomagnetic devices and structures via equivalent networks SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ULTRASONICS FERROELECTRICS AND FREQUENCY CONTROL LA English DT Review ID ELECTROMECHANICAL COUPLING FACTOR; PARALLEL FIELD EXCITATION; ELASTIC-CONSTANTS; ULTRASONIC TRANSDUCERS; OSCILLATION CIRCUITS; THICKNESS VIBRATIONS; APPROXIMATE METHOD; ANISOTROPIC MEDIA; HYPERSONIC WAVES; FILTER DESIGN AB A history of equivalent circuit modeling of acoustic structures is presented. This is followed by a tutorial development of their use to represent piezoelectric (PE) and piezomagnetic (PM) plate transducers and bimorph cantilever beams for the purpose of facilitating transition of modern micro/nanotechnology creations to practical sensor, actuator, and transducer applications. Circuit approximations of various types are derived from the more general networks. C1 USA, Commun Elect Command, AMSEL, RD,CS, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Ballato, A (reprint author), USA, Commun Elect Command, AMSEL, RD,CS, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. EM a.ballato@IEEE.org NR 360 TC 56 Z9 57 U1 1 U2 20 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0885-3010 J9 IEEE T ULTRASON FERR JI IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control PD SEP PY 2001 VL 48 IS 5 BP 1189 EP 1240 PG 52 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Acoustics; Engineering GA 469ZP UT WOS:000170846200004 PM 11570748 ER PT J AU Zhu, JH Emanetoglu, NW Lu, YC Kosinski, JA Pastore, RA AF Zhu, JH Emanetoglu, NW Lu, YC Kosinski, JA Pastore, RA TI A multi-IDT input tunable surface acoustic wave filter SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ULTRASONICS FERROELECTRICS AND FREQUENCY CONTROL LA English DT Article AB Tunable surface acoustic wave (SAW) filters (TSF) have been widely used in the wireless telecommunication systems. A prototype of a multi-IDT (interdigital transducer) input TSF has been developed. The device consists of 11 IDT paralleled in the SAW propagation path. Different SAW filter configurations are realized by selecting or combining various IDTs, resulting in the tunability of both center frequency and 3 dB bandwidth. The center frequencies of the SAW filter range from 126.8 to 199.1 MHz; the 3 dB bandwidths range from 15.2 to 58.9 MHz. Impedance weighting methods have been applied. The passband ripple has been reduced from 6.44 to 1.37 dB after resistance weighting. C1 Motorola Inc, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. USA, CECOM I2WD, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Zhu, JH (reprint author), Motorola Inc, NJ 03 A08G, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0885-3010 J9 IEEE T ULTRASON FERR JI IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control PD SEP PY 2001 VL 48 IS 5 BP 1383 EP 1388 DI 10.1109/58.949747 PG 6 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Acoustics; Engineering GA 469ZP UT WOS:000170846200019 PM 11570763 ER PT J AU Kosinski, JA Pastore, RA AF Kosinski, JA Pastore, RA TI Theory and design of piezoelectric resonators immune to acceleration: Present state of the art SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ULTRASONICS FERROELECTRICS AND FREQUENCY CONTROL LA English DT Review ID CRYSTAL-OSCILLATORS; QUARTZ RESONATORS; SENSITIVITY AB A typical low noise oscillator uses a crystal resonator as the frequency-determining element. An understanding of the fundamental nature of acceleration sensitivity in crystal oscillators resides primarily in understanding the behavior of the crystal resonator. The driving factor behind the acceleration-induced frequency shift is shown to be deformation of the resonator. The deformation drives two effects: an essentially linear change in the frequency-determining dimensions of the resonator and an essentially nonlinear effect of changing the velocity of the propagating wave. In this paper, the fundamental nature of acceleration sensitivity is reviewed and clarified, and attendant design guidance is developed for piezoelectric resonators. The basic properties of acceleration sensitivity and general design guidance are developed through the simple examples of "bulk acoustic wave (BAW) in a box" and "surface transverse wave (STW) in a box." These examples serve to clarify a number of concepts, including the role of mode shape and the basic difference between the BAW and STW cases. The design equations clarify the functional dependencies of the acceleration sensitivities on the full range of crystal resonator design and fabrication parameters. C1 USA, Commun Elect Command, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Kosinski, JA (reprint author), USA, Commun Elect Command, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. NR 111 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0885-3010 J9 IEEE T ULTRASON FERR JI IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control PD SEP PY 2001 VL 48 IS 5 BP 1426 EP 1437 DI 10.1109/58.949753 PG 12 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Acoustics; Engineering GA 469ZP UT WOS:000170846200025 PM 11570769 ER PT J AU Dutta, S Ware, LA Barbosa, A Ockenhouse, CF Lanar, DE AF Dutta, S Ware, LA Barbosa, A Ockenhouse, CF Lanar, DE TI Purification, characterization, and immunogenicity of a disulfide cross-linked Plasmodium vivax vaccine candidate antigen, merozoite surface protein 1, expressed in Escherichia coli SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID STAGE MALARIA ANTIGENS; TERMINAL FRAGMENT; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; YOELII MALARIA; C-TERMINUS; FALCIPARUM; IMMUNIZATION; ADJUVANT; MONKEYS; BACULOVIRUS AB The Plasmodium vivax merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP-1) 42-kDa fragment (PvMSP-1 p42) is a promising vaccine candidate antigen against the blood stage of the malarial parasite. We have developed a process for the production of this vaccine target, keeping in mind its use in human volunteers. A novel strain, Origami (DE3), of Escherichia coli with mutations in the glutathione and thioredoxin reductase genes yielded 60% more soluble PvMSP-1 p42 than the conventional E. coli BL21(DE3) strain. Recombinant PvMSP-1 p42 was purified to greater than or equal to 99% purity with a rapid two-step protocol designed for easy scaling up. The final product had a low endotoxin content and was stable in its lyophilized form. PvMSP-1 p42 was found to have the predicted primary and tertiary structures and consisted of a single conformer containing one free cysteine, as predicted. The product was recognized by conformational monoclonal antibodies against P. vivax MSP-1. Immunogenicity studies of PvMSP-1 p42 were carried out with two strains of mice and the adjuvants Montanide ISA51 and Montanide ISA720. Both formulations were found to induce high levels of immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1), IgG2b, and IgG2a antibodies along with low levels of IgG3. Lymphocytes from animals in all the PvMSP-1 p42-immunized groups showed proliferative responses upon stimulation with PvMSP-1 p42; the cytokines interleukin 2 (IL-2), gamma interferon, IL-4, and IL-10 were detected in the culture supernatants. These results indicate that PvMSP-1 p42 in combination with both of the adjuvants elicited cellular and humoral responses in mice. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Lanar, DE (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RI Lanar, David/B-3560-2011; OI Barbosa, Arnoldo/0000-0001-8652-7396 NR 30 TC 41 Z9 43 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 69 IS 9 BP 5464 EP 5470 DI 10.1128/IAI.69.9.5464-5470.2001 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 464PB UT WOS:000170540000031 PM 11500418 ER PT J AU Lee, JS Pushko, P Parker, MD Dertzbaugh, MT Smith, LA Smith, JF AF Lee, JS Pushko, P Parker, MD Dertzbaugh, MT Smith, LA Smith, JF TI Candidate vaccine against botulinum neurotoxin serotype A derived from a Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus vector system SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID TOXIN FRAGMENT-C; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; SINDBIS VIRUS; IN-VITRO; EXPRESSION; GENE; REPLICON; DNA; RECOMBINATION; PARTICLES AB A candidate vaccine against botulinum neurotoxin serotype A (BoNT/A) was developed by using a Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) virus replicon vector. This vaccine vector is composed of a self-replicating RNA containing all of the VEE nonstructural genes and cis-acting elements and also a heterologous immunogen gene placed downstream of the subgenomic 26S promoter in place of the viral structural genes. In this study, the nontoxic 50-kDa carboxy-terminal fragment (H-C) of the BoNT/A heavy chain was cloned into the replicon vector (H-C-replicon). Cotransfection of BHK cells in vitro with the H-C-replicon and two helper RNA molecules, the latter encoding all of the VEE structural proteins, resulted in the assembly and release of propagation-deficient, H-C VEE replicon particles (H-C-VRP). Cells infected with H-C-VRP efficiently expressed this protein when analyzed by either immunofluorescence or by Western blot. To evaluate the immunogenicity of H-C-VRP, mice were vaccinated with various doses of H-C-VRP at different intervals. Mice inoculated subcutaneously with H-C-VRP were protected from an intraperitoneal challenge of up to 100,000 50% lethal dose units of BoNT/A. Protection correlated directly with serum enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay titers to BoNT/A. The duration of the immunity achieved was tested at 6 months and at 1 year postvaccination, and mice challenged at these times remained refractory to challenge with BoNT/A. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Toxinol Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Lee, JS (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 25 TC 48 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 69 IS 9 BP 5709 EP 5715 DI 10.1128/IAI.69.9.5709-5715.2001 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 464PB UT WOS:000170540000060 PM 11500447 ER PT J AU Huisingh, JL Yamauchi, HM Zimmerman, R AF Huisingh, JL Yamauchi, HM Zimmerman, R TI Saving federal travel dollars SO INTERFACES LA English DT Article DE travel; model-route choice; government; agencies ID NETWORK FLOW PROBLEMS AB Federal employees frequently travel to professional-development conferences and training events. Conference planners often decide on event locations arbitrarily with little regard for travel cost. We developed a method for evaluating travel costs and determining the least expensive conference site from over 261 US cities with government-contracted air-fares. It involves using the relaxation method for solving the noncapacitated shortest-path-network problem and computing interairport distances using latitude and longitude data. A decision support tool called OffSite allows conference planners to assess collective travel costs for attendees arriving from geographically dispersed locations. Event planners input a list of origin cities for conference participants, and OffSite then determines the lowest-cost location. This tool can restrict the search for meeting venues to the origin locations of potential hosts for the conference. In addition, OffSite is flexible enough to allow planners to choose a preferred destination. C1 USA, Cadet Command, Ft Monroe, VA 23651 USA. Rolands & Associates Corp, Monterey, CA 93940 USA. TRADOC Anal Ctr, Ft Leavenworth, KS 66027 USA. RP Huisingh, JL (reprint author), USA, Cadet Command, 55 Patch Rd, Ft Monroe, VA 23651 USA. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 3 PU INST OPERATIONS RESEARCH MANAGEMENT SCIENCES PI LINTHICUM HTS PA 901 ELKRIDGE LANDING RD, STE 400, LINTHICUM HTS, MD 21090-2909 USA SN 0092-2102 J9 INTERFACES JI Interfaces PD SEP-OCT PY 2001 VL 31 IS 5 BP 13 EP 23 DI 10.1287/inte.31.6.13.9657 PG 11 WC Management; Operations Research & Management Science SC Business & Economics; Operations Research & Management Science GA 507QW UT WOS:000173040000002 ER PT J AU Arroyo, CM Broomfield, CA Hackley, BE AF Arroyo, CM Broomfield, CA Hackley, BE TI The role of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in human sulfur mustard (HD) toxicology SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE human skin cells/tissue; interleukin-6; NMR spectroscopy; PCR; SELDI; sulfur mustard (HD) ID CULTURED HUMAN KERATINOCYTES; IN-VIVO INTRODUCTION; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; DISULFIDE BONDS; SKIN; EXPRESSION; CYTOKINES; PROLIFERATION; FIBROBLASTS; GENE AB The authors applied in vitro models of controlled damage to human epidermal keratinocytes (HEKs), human skin fibroblasts (HSFs), and human breast skin tissue (HBST) to examine the mechanism responsible for sulfur mustard (HD)-induced interleukin-6 (IL-6) alterations. Treatment with 100 muM HD for 24 hours resulted in a significant increased amount of IL-6 being secreted by HEKs (HD-exposed to control ratio [E/C] = 4.15 +/-0.07) and by HSFs (E/C = 7.66 +/-0.04). Furthermore, the HD-induced secretion of IL-6 in HEKs was neutralized with monoclonal human IL-6 antibodies. The secretion of IL-6 in HBST supernatant exposed to HD produced conflicting results. Although an increase of IL-6 was observed in control superfusion media from HBST, IL-6 levels were observed to decrease as the concentration of HD increased. Time course of IL-6 mRNA levels were performed using a competitive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and human IL-6 mRNA assay detection kit in control and HD (100 muM)-treated HEKs cells. IL-6 mRNA transcripts in HD-exposed HEKs were first observed within 2 hours, dropped at 5 to 6 hours, and increased by similar to2.2-fold and 8.5- fold at 24 to 48 hours after HD exposure, respectively, as detected by the Xplore mRNA Quantification System. Surface-enhanced laser desorption ionization (SELDI) mass spectrometry was also applied to study the secretion pattern of IL-6 on lysate preparations of HBST. A peak in the area of 23,194 to 23,226 Da was detected using antibody coupled to the chip. This peak was assigned to correspond to the mass of the IL-6 glycoprotein. Recombinant human IL-6 (rhIL-6) exposed to HD lacked the second disulfide bridge and was partially unfolded, as determined by nuclear magnetic resonance-nuclear Overhauser enhancement and exchange spectroscopy (NMR-NOESY). The disappearance of the resonance peak at 3.54 ppm and the appearance of a new chemical shift at 1.85 ppm suggested that a change in structure had occurred in the presence of HD. From the data, the possibility cannot be excluded that IL-6 might be involved in the early event of structural changes of the signal transducer glycoprotein that indirectly initiates the cascade of events such as skin irritation and blister formation observed in the pathophysiology of HD injury. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Drug Assessment Div, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Div Pharmacol, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Arroyo, CM (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Drug Assessment Div, Attn MCMR-UV-DA, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 50 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA 11 NEW FETTER LANE, LONDON EC4P 4EE, ENGLAND SN 1091-5818 J9 INT J TOXICOL JI Int. J. Toxicol. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 20 IS 5 BP 281 EP 296 PG 16 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 495JE UT WOS:000172336400005 PM 11766126 ER PT J AU Byrnes, KP AF Byrnes, KP TI Improving the military SO ISSUES IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Byrnes, KP (reprint author), USA, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0748-5492 J9 ISSUES SCI TECHNOL JI Issues Sci. Technol. PD FAL PY 2001 VL 18 IS 1 BP 5 EP 6 PG 2 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Industrial; Multidisciplinary Sciences; Social Issues SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Social Issues GA 492MM UT WOS:000172172200001 ER PT J AU Benney, R Accorsi, M AF Benney, R Accorsi, M TI Aerodynamic decelerator systems - Diverse challenges and recent advances SO JOURNAL OF AIRCRAFT LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA, Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Natick Soldier Ctr, Airdrop Technol Team, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Univ Connecticut, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. RP Benney, R (reprint author), USA, Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Natick Soldier Ctr, Airdrop Technol Team, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0021-8669 J9 J AIRCRAFT JI J. Aircr. PD SEP-OCT PY 2001 VL 38 IS 5 BP 785 EP 785 DI 10.2514/2.2843 PG 1 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 481NQ UT WOS:000171526200001 ER PT J AU Stein, KR Benney, RJ Tezduyar, TE Leonard, JW Accorsi, ML AF Stein, KR Benney, RJ Tezduyar, TE Leonard, JW Accorsi, ML TI Fluid-structure interactions of a round parachute: Modeling and simulation techniques SO JOURNAL OF AIRCRAFT LA English DT Article ID FINITE-ELEMENT SIMULATION; SPACE-TIME PROCEDURE; INCOMPRESSIBLE FLOWS; MOVING BOUNDARIES; COMPUTATIONS; INTERFACES; FORMULATIONS; INFLATION; CYLINDERS; STRATEGY AB A parallel computational technique is presented for carrying out three-dimensional simulations of parachute fluid-structure interactions, and this technique is applied to simulations of airdrop performance and control phenomena in terminal descent. The technique uses a stabilized space-time formulation of the time-dependent, three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations of incompressible flows for the fluid dynamics part. Turbulent features of the flow are accounted for by using a zero-equation turbulence model. A finite element formulation derived from the principle of virtual work is used for the parachute structural dynamics. The parachute is represented as a cable-membrane tension structure. Coupling of the fluid dynamics with the structural dynamics is implemented over the fluid-structure interface, which is the parachute canopy surface. Large deformations of the structure require that the fluid dynamics mesh is updated at every time step, and this is accomplished with an automatic mesh-moving method. The parachute used in the application presented here is a standard U.S. Army personnel parachute. C1 USA, Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Soldier Syst Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77005 USA. Univ Connecticut, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. RP Stein, KR (reprint author), USA, Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Soldier Syst Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RI Tezduyar, Tayfun/F-6134-2012 OI Tezduyar, Tayfun/0000-0001-8707-3162 NR 29 TC 44 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0021-8669 J9 J AIRCRAFT JI J. Aircr. PD SEP-OCT PY 2001 VL 38 IS 5 BP 800 EP 808 DI 10.2514/2.2864 PG 9 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 481NQ UT WOS:000171526200003 ER PT J AU Dellicker, S Benney, R Brown, G AF Dellicker, S Benney, R Brown, G TI Guidance and control for flat-circular parachutes SO JOURNAL OF AIRCRAFT LA English DT Article AB The Affordable Guided Airdrop System (AGAS) is being evaluated as a low-cost alternative for meeting the military's requirements for precision airdrop. Designed to bridge the gap between relatively expensive high-glide ratio parafoil systems and uncontrolled ballistic parachutes, the AGAS concept offers the benefits of high-altitude parachute releases as well as the potential for highly accurate point-of-use delivery of material. The design goal of the AGAS development is to provide a guidance, navigation, and control system that can be placed in line with cargo parachute systems, for example the G-12 flat-circular parachute, and standard delivery containers (A-22) without modifying these fielded systems. The AGAS is required to provide an accuracy of 328 ft (100 m), circular error probable (CEP), with a desired goal of 164 ft (50 m) CEP. The feasibility of this concept was investigated through modeling and simulation. A three-degree-of-freedom (3DOF) point mass flight dynamics model, sensor models of a commercial global positioning system (GPS) receiver and magnetic compass, and a model of the control and actuator system were incorporated into a Monte Carlo simulation tool. A bang-bang controller was implemented with trajectory tracking algorithms using position and heading information. Flight testing, using a radio-controlled scaled prototype, provided parachute dynamic and control response data to support the modeling efforts. The study demonstrated that this concept has the potential to provide control of previously unguided round parachutes to accuracies of approximately 210 ft (64 m) CEP. The program is now continuing into the next phase to include the development of a full-scale prototype system for payloads up to 2200 lb (1000 kg). C1 USA, Aviat & Airdrop Syst Div, CSTE,EA, DTC,YP,MT, Yuma, AZ 85365 USA. USA, Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Vertigo Inc, Lake Elsinore, CA 92531 USA. RP Dellicker, S (reprint author), USA, Aviat & Airdrop Syst Div, CSTE,EA, DTC,YP,MT, Yuma, AZ 85365 USA. NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0021-8669 J9 J AIRCRAFT JI J. Aircr. PD SEP-OCT PY 2001 VL 38 IS 5 BP 809 EP 817 DI 10.2514/2.2865 PG 9 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 481NQ UT WOS:000171526200004 ER PT J AU Nindl, BC Kraemer, WJ Deaver, DR Peters, JL Marx, JO Heckman, JT Loomis, GA AF Nindl, BC Kraemer, WJ Deaver, DR Peters, JL Marx, JO Heckman, JT Loomis, GA TI LH secretion and testosterone concentrations are blunted after resistance exercise in men SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE androgens; hypogonadism; deconvolution analysis; strength training ID LUTEINIZING-HORMONE SECRETION; GROWTH-FACTOR RESPONSES; DETECTION ALGORITHMS; ENDURANCE EXERCISE; TRAINED MEN; OLDER MEN; CORTISOL; DECONVOLUTION; MARATHON; RELEASE AB This study examined the hypothesis that exercise-induced changes in circulating testosterone would be centrally mediated via hypothalamic-pituitary release of luteinizing hormone (LH). We tested this hypothesis by examining overnight LH, total and free testosterone (TT and FT), and cortisol (C) concentrations in 10 young healthy men (21 +/- 1 yr) during two experimental sessions: a control and an acute heavy-resistance exercise bout (50 total sets consisting of squats, bench press, leg press, and latissimus dorsi pull-down). Exercise was performed from 1500 to 1700, and blood sampling began at 1700 and continued until 0600 the next morning. Blood was sampled every 10 min for LH and every hour for TT, FT, and C. Hormonal concentrations were determined via RIA, and the secretion characteristics of LH were analyzed with deconvolution analysis. When overnight postexercise concentrations were compared with control concentrations, no statistically significant (P less than or equal to 0.05) differences were observed for LH half-life, LH pulse frequency, interpulse interval, pulse amplitude, or pulse mass. Significant differences were observed for LH production rate (13.6 +/- 4 and 17.9 +/- 5 IU.l distribution volume(-1).day(-1) for exercise and control, respectively, a 24% reduction). For the ANOVA marginal main effect means due to condition, C was significantly elevated (5.9 +/- 0.7 vs. 4.0 +/- 0.4 mug/dl), while TT (464 +/- 23 vs. 529 +/- 32 ng/dl) and FT (15.6 +/- 0.7 vs. 18.3 +/- 0.9 pg/ml) were significantly decreased for the exercise condition. These data demonstrate that the decline in overnight testosterone concentrations after acute heavy-resistance exercise is accompanied by a blunted LH production rate and elevated C concentrations. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Performance Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Penn State Univ, Intercoll Grad Program Physiol, University Pk, PA 16801 USA. Penn State Univ, Gen Clin Res Ctr, Noll Lab, University Pk, PA 16801 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Kinesiol, University Pk, PA 16801 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, University Pk, PA 16801 USA. Univ Connecticut, Dept Kinesiol, Human Performance Lab, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. RP Nindl, BC (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Performance Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [MO1-RR-10732] NR 33 TC 33 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 91 IS 3 BP 1251 EP 1258 PG 8 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 464VQ UT WOS:000170552800031 PM 11509523 ER PT J AU Sonna, LA Sharp, MA Knapik, JJ Cullivan, M Angel, KC Patton, JF Lilly, CM AF Sonna, LA Sharp, MA Knapik, JJ Cullivan, M Angel, KC Patton, JF Lilly, CM TI Angiotensin-converting enzyme genotype and physical performance during US Army basic training SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Experimental Biology 2001 Annual Meeting CY MAR 31-APR 04, 2001 CL ORLANDO, FLORIDA DE physical training; physical fitness; oxygen uptake; genetics; exercise ID ATHLETIC PERFORMANCE; HERITAGE FAMILY; ID POLYMORPHISM; GENE; FITNESS AB Prior studies have suggested that angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) genotype correlates with superior physical performance in highly selected populations. This study assessed whether such an association exists in a heterogeneous population. Using polymerase chain reaction techniques, we determined the ACE genotypes (insertion/insertion, deletion/insertion, or deletion/deletion) of 62 male and 85 female US Army recruits. Before and after 8 wk of basic training, we determined peak oxygen uptake and performance on the Army Physical Fitness Test (APFT), which includes standardized measures of muscular endurance (sit-ups, push-ups) and a 2-mile run. Subjects of different ACE genotypes had similar peak oxygen uptakes and APFT scores, both before and after training. Subjects with genotype II had higher APFT scores than others, but the differences were not statistically significant. Furthermore, no ACE genotype group had a performance advantage in analyses that adjusted for baseline fitness. We conclude that ACE genotype does not have a strong effect on aerobic power or muscular endurance in healthy, young American adults drawn from an ethnically and geographically diverse population. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Performance Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Harvard Univ, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Sch Med, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Sonna, LA (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, 42 Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-64104] NR 34 TC 39 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 91 IS 3 BP 1355 EP 1363 PG 9 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 464VQ UT WOS:000170552800044 PM 11509536 ER PT J AU Olajos, EJ Salem, H AF Olajos, EJ Salem, H TI Riot control agents: Pharmacology, toxicology, biochemistry and chemistry SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Review DE riot control agents; toxicology; pharmacology; chemistry; biochemistry; oleoresin capsicum; chloroacetophenone (CN); chlorobenzylidene malononitrile (CS); dibenz(b,f)-oxazepine (CR); capsaicin; sensory irritation; ocular effects; pulmonary effects; repeated-dose toxicity; genotoxicity; carcinogenicity; developmental toxicity; mechanism of action ID PRIMARY SENSORY NEURONS; GENE-RELATED PEPTIDE; CHLOROBENZYLIDENE MALONONITRILE CS; NEUROGENIC PLASMA EXTRAVASATION; CENTRAL NERVOUS-SYSTEM; SUBSTANCE-P NEURONS; CAPSAICIN-INDUCED DEGENERATION; SMOOTH-MUSCLE CONTRACTION; ROOT GANGLION MEMBRANES; GUINEA-PIG AB The desired effect of all riot control agents is the temporary disablement of individuals by way of intense irritation of the mucous membranes and skin. Generally, riot control agents can produce acute site-specific toxicity where sensory irritation occurs. Early riot control agents, namely, chloroacetophenone (CN) and chlorodihydrophenarsazine (DM), have been replaced with 'safer' agents such as o-chlorobenzylidene malononitrile (CS) and oleoresin of capsicum (OC). Riot control agents are safe when used as intended: however, the widespread use of riot control agents raises questions and concerns regarding their health effects and safety. A large margin exists between dosages that produce harassment and dosages likely to cause adverse health effects for modern riot control agents such as CS and dibenz[b,f]1:4-oxazepine (CR). Yet, despite the low toxicity of modern riot control agents, these compounds are not entirely without risk. The risk of toxicity increases with higher exposure levels and prolonged exposure durations. Ocular, pulmonary and dermal injury may occur on exposure to high levels of these substances, and exposure to riot control agents in enclosed spaces may produce significant toxic effects. Reported deaths are few involving riot control agents, and then only under conditions of prolonged exposure and high concentrations. Recently, concern has focused on the deaths resulting from law enforcement use of OC, a riot control agent generally regarded as safe because it is a natural product. As with other xenobiotics, not enough is known concerning the long-term/chronic effects of riot control agents. Clearly, there is considerable need for additional research to define and delineate the biological and toxicological actions of riot control agents and to illuminate the full health consequences of these compounds as riot control agents. Published in 2001 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB RRT, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Olajos, EJ (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB RRT, 5183 Blackhawk Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 418 TC 57 Z9 59 U1 1 U2 14 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 0260-437X J9 J APPL TOXICOL JI J. Appl. Toxicol. PD SEP-OCT PY 2001 VL 21 IS 5 BP 355 EP 391 DI 10.1002/jat.767 PG 37 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 481MN UT WOS:000171523200002 PM 11746179 ER PT J AU DeLisa, MP Wu, CF Wang, L Valdes, JJ Bentley, WE AF DeLisa, MP Wu, CF Wang, L Valdes, JJ Bentley, WE TI DNA microarray-based identification of genes controlled by autoinducer 2-stimulated quorum sensing in Escherichia coli SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CELL-DIVISION GENES; VIBRIO-HARVEYI; PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; N-(3-OXOHEXANOYL)-L-HOMOSERINE LACTONE; EXPRESSION; SYSTEMS; TRANSCRIPTION; LUMINESCENCE; SEQUENCE AB Bacterial cell-to-cell communication facilitates coordinated expression of specific genes in a growth rate-II and cell density- dependent manner, a process known as quorum sensing. While the discovery of a diffusible Escherichia coli signaling pheromone, termed autoinducer 2 (AI-2), has been made along with several quorum sensing genes, the overall number and coordination of genes controlled by quorum sensing through the AI-2 signal has not been studied systematically. We investigated global changes in mRNA abundance elicited by the AI-2 signaling molecule through the use of a luxS mutant that was unable to synthesize AI-2. Remarkably, 242 genes, comprising ca. 5.6% of the E. coli genome, exhibited significant transcriptional changes (either induction or repression) in response to a 300-fold AI-2 signaling differential, with many of the identified genes displaying high induction levels (more than fivefold). Significant induction of ygeV, a putative sigma (54)-dependent transcriptional activator, and yhbH, a sigma (54) modulating protein, suggests sigma (54) may be involved in E. coli quorum sensing. C1 Univ Maryland, Inst Biotechnol, Agr Biotechnol Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Cell Biol & Mol Genet, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. USA, Edgewood Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Bentley, WE (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Inst Biotechnol, Agr Biotechnol Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. OI DeLisa, Matthew/0000-0003-3226-1566 NR 52 TC 180 Z9 194 U1 1 U2 20 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 183 IS 18 BP 5239 EP 5247 DI 10.1128/JB.183.18.5239-5247.2001 PG 9 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 467WT UT WOS:000170727300004 PM 11514505 ER PT J AU Cosman, F Nieves, J Zion, M Ruffing, J Uhorchak, J Gordon, S Lindsay, R AF Cosman, F Nieves, J Zion, M Ruffing, J Uhorchak, J Gordon, S Lindsay, R TI Stress fracture occurrence is not related to variables of calcium homeostasis, bone turnover, or IGF-1 in elite military cadets. SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Helen Hayes Hosp, Clin Res Ctr, W Haverstraw, NY USA. Keller Army Hosp, W Point, NY USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BONE & MINERAL RES PI WASHINGTON PA 2025 M ST, N W, STE 800, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-3309 USA SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 16 SU 1 BP S515 EP S515 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 467MU UT WOS:000170709001595 ER PT J AU Duncan, WE Poulsen, LW Stott, DL Chang, AS AF Duncan, WE Poulsen, LW Stott, DL Chang, AS TI The hip bone mass of US adults living in the first half of the 20th century. SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Aarhus, Dept Forens Med, Aarhus, Denmark. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BONE & MINERAL RES PI WASHINGTON PA 2025 M ST, N W, STE 800, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-3309 USA SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 16 SU 1 BP S272 EP S272 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 467MU UT WOS:000170709000554 ER PT J AU Nieves, JW Zion, M Ruffing, J Ralston, S Uhorchak, JM Gordon, S Lindsay, R Cosman, F AF Nieves, JW Zion, M Ruffing, J Ralston, S Uhorchak, JM Gordon, S Lindsay, R Cosman, F TI Collagen TypeI gene is not associated with BMD or stress fracture occurence in elite military cadets. SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Helen Hayes Hosp, Clin Res Ctr, W Haverstraw, NY USA. Univ Aberdeen, Sch Med, Aberdeen AB9 2ZD, Scotland. Keller Army Hosp, W Point, NY USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BONE & MINERAL RES PI WASHINGTON PA 2025 M ST, N W, STE 800, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-3309 USA SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 16 SU 1 BP S355 EP S355 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 467MU UT WOS:000170709000897 ER PT J AU Klevytska, AM Price, LB Schupp, JM Worsham, PL Wong, J Keim, P AF Klevytska, AM Price, LB Schupp, JM Worsham, PL Wong, J Keim, P TI Identification and characterization of variable-number tandem repeats in the Yersinia pestis genome SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HAEMOPHILUS-INFLUENZAE; REPETITIVE SEQUENCES; BACILLUS-ANTHRACIS; GENETIC DIVERSITY; PHASE VARIATION; DNA; STRAINS; PLAGUE; PSEUDOTUBERCULOSIS; POLYMORPHISM AB Yersinia pestis, the infamous plague-causing pathogen, appears to have emerged in relatively recent history. Evidence of this fact comes from several studies that document a lack of nucleotide diversity in the Y. pestis genome. In contrasts we report that variable-number tandem repeat (VNTR) sequences are common in the Y. pestis genome and occur frequently in gene coding regions. Larger tandem repeat arrays, most useful for phylogenetic analysis, are present at an average of 2.18 arrays per 10 kbp and are distributed evenly throughout the genome and the two virulence plasmids, pCD1 and pMT1. We examined allelic diversity at 42 chromosomal VNTR loci in 24 selected isolates (12 globally distributed and 12 from Siskiyou County, Calif.). Vast differences in diversity were observed among the 42 VNTR loci, ranging from 2 to 11 alleles. We found that the maximum copy number of repeats in an array was highly correlated with diversity (R=.0.86). VNTR-based phylogenetic analysis of the 24 strains successfully grouped isolates from biovar orientalis and most of the antiqua and mediaevalis strains. Hence, multiple-locus VNTR analysis (MLVA) appears capable of both distinguishing closely related strains and successfully classifying more distant relationships. Harnessing the power of MLVA to establish standardized databases will enable researchers to better understand plague ecology and evolution around the world. C1 No Arizona Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Calif Dept Hlth Serv, Microbial Dis Lab, Berkeley, CA 94704 USA. RP Keim, P (reprint author), No Arizona Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Box 5640, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. RI Keim, Paul/A-2269-2010 NR 25 TC 147 Z9 179 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 39 IS 9 BP 3179 EP 3185 DI 10.1128/JCM.39.9.3179-3185.2001 PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 469VV UT WOS:000170837500025 PM 11526147 ER PT J AU Blow, JA Turell, MJ Silverman, AL Walker, ED AF Blow, JA Turell, MJ Silverman, AL Walker, ED TI Stercorarial shedding and transtadial transmission of hepatitis B virus by common bed bugs (Hemiptera : Cimicidae) SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE bed bugs; Cimex lectularius; hepatitis B virus; polymerase chain reaction ID CIMEX-LECTULARIUS L; VIRAL-HEPATITIS; SOUTH-AFRICA AB Transtadial persistence and stercorarial shedding of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in common bed bugs, Cimex lectularius L., was studied by using experimental infectious blood feedings, infectious intrathoracic inoculations, and virus detection by polymerase chain reaction and Southern hybridization. Results showed that HBV persisted after an infectious blood meal in bed bug bodies for up to 35 d after the infectious blood meal. It was passed transtadially through one molt regardless of instar, was shed in fecal droplets for up to 35 d after the infectious blood meal, but was not passed transovarially. In bugs inoculated intrathoracically, HBV was detected for 21 d postinoculation. Previous studies detected the hepatitis B surface antigen found on both infectious and noninfectious particles in bed bugs. In this study, the presence of nucleic acids amplified from a conserved core region of the viral genome in bodies and feces of C. lectularius suggests that the HBV virus may he mechanically transmitted in feces or when bugs are crushed, during feeding. C1 Michigan State Univ, Dept Entomol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Blow, JA (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Dept Vector Assessment, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 30 TC 28 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 7 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 38 IS 5 BP 694 EP 700 DI 10.1603/0022-2585-38.5.694 PG 7 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 477HY UT WOS:000171279100013 PM 11580042 ER PT J AU Abbott, KC Duran, M Hypolite, I Ko, CW Jones, CA Agodoa, LYC AF Abbott, KC Duran, M Hypolite, I Ko, CW Jones, CA Agodoa, LYC TI Hospitalizations for bacterial endocarditis after renal transplantation in the United States SO JOURNAL OF NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Article DE endocarditis; hospitalization; renal transplant; duration of dialysis pre-transplant; complications; population based; USRDS; valvular heart disease; diabetes ID PROSPECTIVE-PAYMENT SYSTEM; INFECTIVE ENDOCARDITIS; RISK-FACTORS; DIALYSIS; RECIPIENTS; BACTEREMIA; MORTALITY; DISEASE AB Purpose: The national rate of and risk factors for bacterial endocarditis in renal transplant recipients has not been reported. Methods: Retrospective registry study of 33,479 renal transplant recipients in the United States Renal Data System (USRDS) between I July 1994 and 30 June 1997. Hospitalizations for a primary diagnosis of bacterial endocarditis (ICD-9 codes 421.x) within three years after renal transplant were assessed. Results: Renal transplant recipients had an unadjusted incidence ratio for endocarditis of 7.84 (95% confidence interval 4.72-13.25) in 1996. In multivariate analysis, a history of hospitalization for valvular heart disease (adjusted odds ratio (AOR), 25.81, 95% confidence interval 11.28-59.07), graft loss (AOR, 2.81, 95% CI 1.34-5.09), and increased duration of dialysis prior to transplantation were independently associated with hospitalizations for bacterial endocarditis after transplantation. Hospitalization for endocarditis was associated with increased patient mortality in Cox Regression analysis, hazard ratio 4.79, 95% CI 2.97-6.76. Conclusions: The overall incidence of bacterial endocarditis was much greater in renal transplant recipients than in the general population, although it is still relatively infrequent. Independent risk factors for bacterial endocarditis in the renal transplant recipients were identified, the most significant of which was valvular heart disease. Endocarditis substantially impacts renal transplant recipient survival. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Abbott, KC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. OI Abbott, Kevin/0000-0003-2111-7112 NR 36 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU WICHTIG EDITORE PI MILAN PA 72/74 VIA FRIULI, 20135 MILAN, ITALY SN 1121-8428 J9 J NEPHROL JI J. Nephrol. PD SEP-OCT PY 2001 VL 14 IS 5 BP 353 EP 360 PG 8 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 490MJ UT WOS:000172055400005 PM 11730267 ER PT J AU Tveit, DP Hypolite, I Bucci, J Hshieh, P Cruess, D Agodoa, LYC Welch, PG Abbott, KC AF Tveit, DP Hypolite, I Bucci, J Hshieh, P Cruess, D Agodoa, LYC Welch, PG Abbott, KC TI Risk factors for hospitalizations resulting from pulmonary embolisms after renal transplantation in the United States SO JOURNAL OF NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Article DE pulmonary embolism; renal transplant; hospitalization; complications; dialysis; weight; age; hemoglobin; albumin; USRDS; polystic kidney disease ID PROSPECTIVE-PAYMENT SYSTEM; POLYCYSTIC KIDNEY-DISEASE; VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM; THROMBOSIS; MORTALITY; OBESITY; THERAPY; MEN AB Background: Risk factors for pulmonary embolism (PE) have been identified in the general population but have not been studied in a national population of renal transplant recipients. Methods: Therefore, 33,479 renal transplant recipients in the United States Renal Data System from 1 July 1994-30 June 1997 were analyzed in a historical cohort study of hospitalized PE (ICD9 Code 415.1x). HCFA form 2728 was used for comorbidities. Results: Renal transplant recipients had an incidence of PE of 2.26 hospitalizations per 1000 patient years at risk. In multivariate, analysis, polycystic kidney disease (adjusted odds ratio, 4.44, 95% confidence interval, 2.31-8.53), older recipient age, higher recipient weight, cadaveric donation, history of ischemic heart disease, and decreased serum albumin were associated with increased risk of PE. Body mass index and hemoglobin were not significant. Kidney pancreas transplantation was also not significant. In Cox Regression analysis PE was associated with increased mortality (hazard ratio 2.06, 95% CI 1.34-3.18). Conclusions: The most important risk factors for PE in this population, were polycystic kidney disease, advanced age and increased weight. The reasons for the increased risk of polycystic kidney disease remain to be determined but were independent of hematocrit level at initiation of end stage renal disease, and may result from venous compression. Prospective studies of anatomical and hemostatic changes after renal transplantation in recipients with polycystic kidney disease are warranted. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Abbott, KC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 24 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU WICHTIG EDITORE PI MILAN PA 72/74 VIA FRIULI, 20135 MILAN, ITALY SN 1121-8428 J9 J NEPHROL JI J. Nephrol. PD SEP-OCT PY 2001 VL 14 IS 5 BP 361 EP 368 PG 8 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 490MJ UT WOS:000172055400006 PM 11730268 ER PT J AU Abbott, KC Hypolite, IO Hshieh, P Cruess, D Agodoa, LYC Welch, PG Taylor, AJ Yuan, CM AF Abbott, KC Hypolite, IO Hshieh, P Cruess, D Agodoa, LYC Welch, PG Taylor, AJ Yuan, CM TI The impact of renal transplantation on the incidence of congestive heart failure in patients with end-stage renal disease due to diabetes SO JOURNAL OF NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Article DE congestive heart failure; hospitalization; renal transplant; diabetes mellitus; end-stage renal disease; USRDS ID LONG-TERM SURVIVAL; LEFT-VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY; ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; RECIPIENTS; CALCINEURIN; DIALYSIS; CALCIFICATION; CYCLOSPORINE; HYPERTENSION; EPIDEMIOLOGY AB Background: Patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD) are at increased risk for cardiovascular disease. We hypothesized that the clinical incidence of congestive heart failure (CHF) would be lessened after successful renal transplantation, as many of the metabolic and intravascular volume abnormalities associated with dialysis-dependent ESRD would resolve. Methods: Using data from the USRDS, we studied 11,369 patients with ESRD due to diabetes enrolled on the renal and renal-pancreas transplant waiting list from I July 1994-30 June 1997. Cox non-proportional hazards regression models were used to calculate adjusted, time-dependent hazard ratios (HR) for time to the most recent hospitalization for CHF (including acute myocardial infarction, unstable angina, or other CHF, ICD9 Code 428.x) for a given patient in the study period, controlling for both demographics and comorbidities in the medical evidence form (HCFA 2728). Results: In comparison to maintenance dialysis, renal transplantation was independently associated with a lower risk for CHF (HR 0.64, 95% confidence interval, 0.54-0.77) in a model including age, gender, race, and year of first dialysis, but not in a model including comorbidities from the medical evidence form, although the sample was much smaller. Conclusions: Patients with ESRD due to diabetes on the renal transplant waiting list were much less likely to be hospitalized for congestive heart failure after renal transplantation, despite post transplant complications due to immunosuppression. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Abbott, KC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. OI Abbott, Kevin/0000-0003-2111-7112 NR 30 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU WICHTIG EDITORE PI MILAN PA 72/74 VIA FRIULI, 20135 MILAN, ITALY SN 1121-8428 J9 J NEPHROL JI J. Nephrol. PD SEP-OCT PY 2001 VL 14 IS 5 BP 369 EP 376 PG 8 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 490MJ UT WOS:000172055400007 PM 11730269 ER PT J AU Abbott, KC Hypolite, I Welch, PG Agodoa, LYC AF Abbott, KC Hypolite, I Welch, PG Agodoa, LYC TI Human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-associated nephropathy at end-stage renal disease in the United States: patient characteristics and survival in the pre highly active antiretroviral therapy era SO JOURNAL OF NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Article DE HIV; AIDS; African American male; complications; dialysis; USRDS; age; albumin; hemoglobin; weight; network ID HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS; VIRUS INFECTION; GLOMERULOSCLEROSIS; TRANSPLANTATION; HEMODIALYSIS; DIALYSIS; RACE AB Background: The patient characteristics and course of HIV/AIDS-associated nephropathy (HIVAN) are presented for a national sample of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Methods: 375,152 patients in the United States Renal Data System were initiated on ESRD therapy between I January 1992 and 30 June 1997 and analyzed in an historical cohort study of HIVAN. Results: Of the study population, 3653 (0.97%) had HIVAN. Among patients with HIVAN, 87.8% were African American. HIVAN had the strongest association with African American race compared to other causes of renal failure except sickle cell anemia in logistic regression analysis (odds ratio 12.20, 95% confidence interval (CI) 10.57-14.07). In a separate logistic regression analysis, HIVAN was associated with male gender, decreased age (39.32 +/-8.51 vs. 60.97 +/- 16.43 years, p <0.01 by Student's t-test), weight, body mass index, hemoglobin, albumin, decreased rate of pre-dialysis erythropoietin use, increased creatinine, decreased hypertension and increased rate of no medical insurance. The geographic distribution of HIVAN was similar to the distribution of HIV cases nationally. Two-year all cause unadjusted survival was 36% for HIVAN vs. 64% for all other patients with ESRD. HIVAN was associated with decreased patient survival in Cox regression analysis (hazard ratio for mortality 5.74, 95% CI, 5.40-6.10). Conclusions: HIVAN had the strongest association with African American race of all causes of renal failure among patients on maintenance dialysis. HIVAN was associated with decreased patient survival after initiation of dialysis, which may be associated with poorer medical condition at initiation of dialysis. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Abbott, KC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. OI Abbott, Kevin/0000-0003-2111-7112 NR 19 TC 57 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 1 PU WICHTIG EDITORE PI MILAN PA 72/74 VIA FRIULI, 20135 MILAN, ITALY SN 1121-8428 J9 J NEPHROL JI J. Nephrol. PD SEP-OCT PY 2001 VL 14 IS 5 BP 377 EP 383 PG 7 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 490MJ UT WOS:000172055400008 PM 11730270 ER PT J AU Hulet, SW Rowland, T Rechen, L Barnwell, J McMonagle, J Benjamin, A Zilka, M McDonough, JH Shih, TM AF Hulet, SW Rowland, T Rechen, L Barnwell, J McMonagle, J Benjamin, A Zilka, M McDonough, JH Shih, TM TI The dose-response effect of repeated sarin exposure on guinea pigs SO JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Neurotoxicol Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Appl Pharmacol Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0022-3042 J9 J NEUROCHEM JI J. Neurochem. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 78 SU 1 BP 193 EP 193 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 469AF UT WOS:000170789800696 ER PT J AU Salata, MW Dillman, JF Lye, RJ Pfister, KK AF Salata, MW Dillman, JF Lye, RJ Pfister, KK TI Growth factor regulation of cytoplasmic dynein intermediate chain subunit expression preceding neurite extension SO JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE axonal transport; motor protein; microtubules; membrane bounded organelle; PC12 cell ID SLOW AXONAL-TRANSPORT; DYNACTIN; MICROTUBULES; COMPLEX; PHOSPHORYLATION; ORGANIZATION; MECHANISMS; RECEPTOR; BINDING; FAMILY AB Cytoplasmic dynein is a motor protein responsible for intracellular movements toward the minus ends of microtubules. The intermediate chains are one of the subunits important for binding dynein to cargo. The intermediate chains are encoded by two genes and are translated into at least five different polypeptide isoforms in rat brain. In rat optic nerve, dynein with only one of the intermediate chain polypeptides is found associated with membrane bounded organelles in fast anterograde transport. Dynein containing the other intermediate chain polypeptides associates with a different set of proteins, in the slow transport component. To determine if the intermediate chain expression levels are regulated during neurite differentiation, we analyzed the protein levels by two-dimensional SIDS-PAGE and intermediate chain mRNA by RT-PCR in cultured rat pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells. In the absence of nerve growth factor, the major intermediate chain isoform is the IC74-2C polypeptide. IC74-2C is ubiquitous and is utilized for constitutive dynein function and association with membrane bounded organelles. Within 24 hr of the addition of nerve growth factor to the cultures, there is an increased expression of the developmentally regulated isoforms that are associated with the actin cytoskeleton. This change in intermediate chain isoform expression preceded neurite growth. Nerve growth factor induced differentiation also results in increased light intermediate chain phosphorylation. The growth factor induced changes in the expression of dynein intermediate chains suggests that specific intermediate chain isoforms are utilized during axon growth. (C) 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Univ Virginia, Sch Med, Dept Cell Biol, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA. Gordon Coll, Div Math & Nat Sci, Barnesville, GA USA. USA, MRICD, Appl Pharmacol Branch, Gunpowder, MD USA. RP Pfister, KK (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Sch Med, Dept Cell Biol, POB 800732, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA. FU NICHD NIH HHS [HD0723] NR 31 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0360-4012 J9 J NEUROSCI RES JI J. Neurosci. Res. PD SEP 1 PY 2001 VL 65 IS 5 BP 408 EP 416 DI 10.1002/jnr.1168 PG 9 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 467ZW UT WOS:000170734500007 PM 11536324 ER PT J AU Peacock, ME Hokett, SD Hellstein, JW Herold, RW Matzenbacher, SA Scales, DK Cuenin, MF AF Peacock, ME Hokett, SD Hellstein, JW Herold, RW Matzenbacher, SA Scales, DK Cuenin, MF TI Gingival plasma cell granuloma SO JOURNAL OF PERIODONTOLOGY LA English DT Article DE gingival hyperplasia/diagnosis; gingival neoplasms/diagnosis; granuloma, plasma cell ID LUNG AB Plasma cell granulomas (pseudotumors) are rare benign, tumor-like proliferations composed chiefly of plasma cells that manifest primarily in the lungs, but may occur in various anatomic locations. We report this case of a 54-year-old male who presented with an unusual maxillary anterior gingival overgrowth treated by excisional biopsy. Histological examination revealed a dense inflammatory cell infiltrate containing mainly plasma cells. Immunohistochemistry for kappa and lambda light chains showed a polyclonal staining pattern confirming a diagnosis of plasma cell granuloma. Intraoral plasma cell granuloma is exceedingly rare, although case reports documenting such lesions have been reported. This case highlights the need to biopsy unusual lesions to rule out potential neoplasms. C1 USA, Dent Activ, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. RP Peacock, ME (reprint author), USA, Dent Activ, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER ACAD PERIODONTOLOGY PI CHICAGO PA 737 NORTH MICHIGAN AVENUE, SUITE 800, CHICAGO, IL 60611-2690 USA SN 0022-3492 J9 J PERIODONTOL JI J. Periodont. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 72 IS 9 BP 1287 EP 1290 DI 10.1902/jop.2000.72.9.1287 PG 4 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 475UP UT WOS:000171187700022 PM 11577964 ER PT J AU Domen, JK Domen, SR AF Domen, JK Domen, SR TI Studies of excess heat and convection in a water calorimeter SO JOURNAL OF RESEARCH OF THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE absorbed dose; calorimeter; convection; excess heat; finite element analysis; thermistor; water calorimeter. ID PERFORMANCE; RADIATION AB To explain a difference of 0.5 % between the absorbed-dose standards of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and the National Research Council of Canada (NRCC), Seuntjens et al. suggest the fault lies with the NIST water calorimeter being operated at 22 degreesC and the method with which the measurements were made. Their calculations show that this difference is due to overprediction of temperature rises Of Six Consecutive Co-60 radiation runs at NIST. However, the consecutive runs they refer to were merely preliminary measurements to determine the procedure for the NIST beam calibration. The beam calibration was determined from only two consecutive runs followed by water circulation to re-establish temperature equilibrium. This procedure was used for measurements on 77 days, with 32 runs per day. Convection external to the glass cylindrical detector assembly performed a beneficial role. It aided (along with conduction) in increasing the rate of excess heat transported away from the thin cylindrical wall. This decreased the rate of heat conducted toward the axially located thermistors. The other sources of excess heat are the: (1) non-water materials in the temperature probe, and (2) exothermic effect of the once-distilled water external to the cylinder. Finite-element calculations were made to determine the separate and combined effects of the excess heat sources for the afterdrift. From this analysis, extrapolation of the measured afterdrifts of two consecutive runs to mid radiation leads to an estimated overprediction of no more than about 0.1 %. Experimental measurements contradict the calculated results of Seuntjens et al. that convective motion (a plume) originates from the thermistors operated with an electrical power dissipation as low as 0.6 LW, well below the measured threshold of 50 muW. The method used for detecting a plume was sensitive enough to measure a convective plume (if it had started) down to about the 10 muW power level. Measurements also contradict the NRCC calculations in predicting the behavior of the NIST afterdrifts. C1 Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. RP Domen, JK (reprint author), USA, Qual Engn Directorate, Armament Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. EM jdomen@pica.army.mil; SteveDomen@aol.com NR 14 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 6 PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE PI WASHINGTON PA SUPERINTENDENT DOCUMENTS,, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 USA SN 1044-677X J9 J RES NATL INST STAN JI J. Res. Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol. PD SEP-OCT PY 2001 VL 106 IS 5 BP 843 EP 856 DI 10.6028/jres.106.041 PG 14 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 490JB UT WOS:000172047800006 PM 27500051 ER PT J AU DeSpirito, J Edge, HL Weinacht, P Sahu, J Dinavahi, SPG AF DeSpirito, J Edge, HL Weinacht, P Sahu, J Dinavahi, SPG TI Computational fluid dynamics analysis of a missile with grid fins SO JOURNAL OF SPACECRAFT AND ROCKETS LA English DT Article ID CONFIGURATIONS AB An approach for using viscous computational fluid dynamic simulations to calculate the flowfield and aerodynamic coefficients for a missile with grid fins is presented. A grid fin is an unconventional lifting and control surface that consists of an outer frame supporting an inner grid of intersecting planar surfaces of small chord. The calculations were made at a Mach number of 2.5 and several angles of attack for a missile without fins, with planar fins, and with grid fins. Comparing the computed aerodynamic coefficients for the missile and individual grid fins against wind-tunnel measurement data validated the results. Very good agreement with the measured data was observed for all configurations investigated. For the grid fin case, the aerodynamic coefficients were within 6.5% of the wind-tunnel data. The normal force coefficient on the individual grid fins was within 11% of the test data. The nonlinear behavior of the normal force on the leeward fin at higher angles of attack was also accurately predicted. C1 USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Ballist & Weapons Concepts Div, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Mississippi State Univ, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP DeSpirito, J (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Ballist & Weapons Concepts Div, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 26 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0022-4650 J9 J SPACECRAFT ROCKETS JI J. Spacecr. Rockets PD SEP-OCT PY 2001 VL 38 IS 5 BP 711 EP 718 DI 10.2514/2.3756 PG 8 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 482JQ UT WOS:000171573400008 ER PT J AU Erickson, EJ AF Erickson, EJ TI One more push: Forcing the Dardanelles in March 1915 SO JOURNAL OF STRATEGIC STUDIES LA English DT Article AB The historiography of the Gallipoli campaign suggests that the Turks were critically short of ammunition for the Dardanelles coastal defences in March 1915. This theme, established by Winston Churchill, became the basis for a widespread belief that the Royal Navy, after its failure to carry the Dardanelles on 18 March 1915, simply needed one more determined naval push to breakthrough the narrows. The presumed consequence was that the Ottoman Empire, with Constantinople under the guns of the Royal Navy, would have withdrawn from the war. Using modern Turkish sources, the author examines the available quantities, placement, and expenditure of ammunition, and challenges the premise that the Turks were desperately short of heavy shells. The author concludes that the Turks had sufficient remaining ammunition to fiercely contest control of the straits. C1 USA, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FRANK CASS CO LTD PI ESSEX PA NEWBURY HOUSE, 900 EASTERN AVE, NEWBURY PARK, ILFORD, ESSEX IG2 7HH, ENGLAND SN 0140-2390 J9 J STRATEGIC STUD JI J. Strateg. Stud. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 24 IS 3 BP 158 EP 176 DI 10.1080/01402390108437849 PG 19 WC International Relations; Political Science SC International Relations; Government & Law GA 613RA UT WOS:000179144200007 ER PT J AU Albertini, JG AF Albertini, JG TI Surgical Pearl: Gentian violet-dyed sutures improve intraoperative visualization SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MARKER C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Albertini, JG (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 9 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 45 IS 3 BP 453 EP 455 DI 10.1067/mjd.2001.113472 PG 3 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 468TC UT WOS:000170773400016 PM 11511846 ER PT J AU Burkett, DA Lee, WJ Lee, KW Kim, HC Lee, HI Lee, JS Shin, EH Wirtz, RA Cho, HW Claborn, DM Coleman, RE Klein, RA AF Burkett, DA Lee, WJ Lee, KW Kim, HC Lee, HI Lee, JS Shin, EH Wirtz, RA Cho, HW Claborn, DM Coleman, RE Klein, RA TI Light, carbon dioxide, and octenol-baited mosquito trap and host-seeking activity evaluations for mosquitoes in a malarious area of the Republic of Korea SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE Korea; light traps; Anopheles sinensis; mosquito surveillance; attractants ID SAMPLING METHODS; SURVEILLANCE; 1-OCTEN-3-OL; ATTRACTANTS; TANZANIA; ODOR AB Two field trials for commercially available and experimental mosquito traps variously baited with light, carbon dioxide, octenol, or combinations of these were evaluated in a malarious area at Paekyeon-Ri near Tongil- Chon (village) and Camp Greaves, Paju County, Kyonggi Province. Republic of Korea. The host-seeking activity for common mosquito species was determined using hourly aspirator collections from a human-and propane lantern-baited Shannon trap. The total number of mosquitoes and number of each species captured during the test were compared using 8 X 8 and 5 X 5 Latin square designs based on trap location. Significant differences were observed for the total number of mosquitoes collected in the 8 X 8 test, such that counterflow geometry (CFG) with CO2 : CFG with CO2 and octenol greater than or equal to Shannon trap greater than or equal to Mosquito Magnet with octenol > American Biophysics Corporation (ABC) light trap with light. CO2 (500 ml/min), and octenol greater than or equal to ABC light trap with light and dry ice ! ABC light trap with light and CO2 greater than or equal to ABC light trap with light only. A concurrent 5 X 5 test found significant differences in trap catch, where Mosquito Magnet with octenol > New Jersey light trap greater than or equal to EPAR(TM) Mosquito Killer with CO2 greater than or equal to ABC light trap with light and dry ice > Centers for Disease Control (CDC) light trap (manufactured by John W. Hock) with light and octenol. Significant differences in trap catch were noted for several species including: Aedes vexans, Anopheles sinensis, An. yatsushiroensis, An. lesteri, Culex pipiens, and Cx, orientalis, Traps baited with octenol captured significantly fewer Cx. pipiens than those not baited with octenol. Likewise. no Cx, orientalis were captured in octenol-baited traps. Host-seeking activity showed a similar bimodal pattern for all species captured, Results from these field trap evaluations can significantly enhance surveillance efforts. Significantly greater numbers of mosquitoes were captured with mosquito traps using counterflow technology (e.g., Mosquito Magnet and CFG traps) when compared to standard light and carbon dioxide-baited traps. Additionally, field evaluations demonstrate that various traps can be utilized for isolation and detection of arbovriuses and other pathogens. C1 USAF, Inst Environm Safety & Occupat Hlth Risk Anal, AFIERA, Okinawa, Japan. Korean Natl Inst Hlth, Dept Viral Dis, Eunpyung Gu, Seoul 122701, South Korea. USA, Med Dept 5, Med Command 18, Unit 14247, APO, AP 96205 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Entomol Branch, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. USA Med, Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Entomol, APO, AP 96546 USA. RP Burkett, DA (reprint author), USAF, Inst Environm Safety & Occupat Hlth Risk Anal, AFIERA, Detachment 3, Okinawa, Japan. RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013 NR 40 TC 41 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOC PI EATONTOWN PA P O BOX 234, EATONTOWN, NJ 07724-0234 USA SN 8756-971X J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 17 IS 3 BP 196 EP 205 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 552YA UT WOS:000175646600007 PM 14529088 ER PT J AU McDonald, RMS AF McDonald, RMS TI The papers of Thomas Jefferson, vol 28, January 1794 to February 1796 SO JOURNAL OF THE EARLY REPUBLIC LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP McDonald, RMS (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC HISTORIANS EARLY AMERICAN REPUBLIC PI W LAFAYETTE PA PURDUE UNIV, 1358 UNIV HALL, W LAFAYETTE, IN 47907-1358 USA SN 0275-1275 J9 J EARLY REPUBL JI J. Early Repub. PD FAL PY 2001 VL 21 IS 3 BP 516 EP 518 DI 10.2307/3125276 PG 3 WC History SC History GA 503LQ UT WOS:000172800300010 ER PT J AU Whiteman, WE Berman, M AF Whiteman, WE Berman, M TI Inadequacies in uniaxial stress screen vibration testing SO JOURNAL OF THE IEST LA English DT Article DE vibration testing; stress screen testing; multiaxial vibration; uniaxial vibration; fatigue damage AB Validating the design and reliability of equipment prior to fielding is a critical stop in the materiel development and manufacturing process. Success requires that the new equipment undergo and survive testing. Stress screen vibration testing determines the equipment's design capability. Traditionally, stress screen vibration tests have been conducted by sequentially applying uniaxial excitation to test articles along three orthogonal axes. Simultaneous multiaxial excitation is an advanced method of vibration testing with the goal of more closely approximating real-world operating conditions. Multiaxial testing achieves the synergistic effect of exciting all modes simultaneously and induces a more realistic vibrational stress loading condition. This research begins an effort to explore the difference in predicting fatigue failure between sequentially applied uniaxial and simultaneous triaxial tests. The research plan starts with simple cantilever beam structures. Once initial results are complete, more complex and typical components in actual vehicles will be tested. This paper provides results that reveal inadequacies in traditional uniaxial test methods. It is shown that the order in which orthogonal uniaxial excitation is applied has a significant effect on fatigue failure. C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Whiteman, WE (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 8 TC 9 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 3 PU I E S T PI ROLLING MEADOWS PA 5005 NEWPORT DR, STE 506, ROLLING MEADOWS, IL 60008-3841 USA SN 1098-4321 J9 J IEST JI J. IEST PD FAL PY 2001 VL 44 IS 4 BP 20 EP 23 PG 4 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 527YF UT WOS:000174215000002 ER PT J AU Pezzetta, D Sibilia, C Bertolotti, M Haus, JW Scalora, M Bloemer, MJ Bowden, CM AF Pezzetta, D Sibilia, C Bertolotti, M Haus, JW Scalora, M Bloemer, MJ Bowden, CM TI Photonic-bandgap structures in planar nonlinear waveguides: application to second-harmonic generation SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID 2ND-HARMONIC GENERATION; GAP STRUCTURES; WAVE-GUIDES; FINITE AB Second-harmonic generation (SHG) is investigated in a planar waveguide geometry under conditions for which the Use of a linear grating fabricated on top of the waveguide reproduces a photonic-bandgap structure. The fundamental mode of the guide, which coincides with the fundamental pump frequency, is tuned at the photonic band-edge resonance in order to enhance field-localization effects. However, the linear grating alone is not able to produce both field confinement and phase matching of the second-harmonic-generation process. Phase matching is obtained with the additional modulation of the nonlinear susceptibility chi ((2)), as in conventional quasi-phase-matching schemes. The conversion efficiency achieved with both linear and nonlinear gratings is orders of magnitude greater than that of a quasi-phase-matched device of the same length. (C) 2001 Optical Society of America. C1 Univ Roma La Sapienza, Ist Fis Mat, Dipartimento Energet, I-00161 Rome, Italy. Univ Dayton, Electroopt Program, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. USA, Weap Sci Directorate, Aviat & Missile Command, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. Time Domain Corp, Huntsville, AL 35898 USA. RP Pezzetta, D (reprint author), Univ Roma La Sapienza, Ist Fis Mat, Dipartimento Energet, Via A Scarpa 16, I-00161 Rome, Italy. NR 20 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0740-3224 J9 J OPT SOC AM B JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 18 IS 9 BP 1326 EP 1333 DI 10.1364/JOSAB.18.001326 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA 468WE UT WOS:000170780500011 ER PT J AU Moran, DS Pandolf, KB Shapiro, Y Heled, Y Shani, Y Mathew, WT Gonzalez, RR AF Moran, DS Pandolf, KB Shapiro, Y Heled, Y Shani, Y Mathew, WT Gonzalez, RR TI An environmental stress index (ESI) as a substitute for the wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT) SO JOURNAL OF THERMAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the International Thermal Physiology Symposium CY SEP 02-06, 2001 CL WOLLONGONG, AUSTRALIA DE heat-stress; WBGT; index; temperature; radiation AB The purpose of this study was to develop a new environmental stress index (ESI) based on different parameters relating to heat stress. Meteorological measurements were taken in three climatic zones (hot/wet, hot/dry, and extremely hot/dry) for 60 days, and a new stress index based on these databases was developed as follows: ESI = 0.63T(a) - 0.03RH+0.002SR+0.0054(T-a. RH)-0.073(0.1+SR)(-1), where T-a is the ambient temperature (C). RH the relative humidity (%), and SR the solar radiation (W.m(-1)). The correlation coefficients between ESI and wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT) were very high (R-2>0.981). Therefore, we conclude that ESI, based on fast response and the more commonly used accurate climatic microsensors (T-a, RH, SR) which can be combined in a small portable device, has the potential to be a practical alternative to the WBGT. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Chaim Sheba Med Ctr, Heller Inst Med Res, IL-52621 Tel Hashomer, Israel. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Moran, DS (reprint author), Chaim Sheba Med Ctr, Heller Inst Med Res, IL-52621 Tel Hashomer, Israel. NR 11 TC 42 Z9 44 U1 2 U2 9 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0306-4565 J9 J THERM BIOL JI J. Therm. Biol. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 26 IS 4-5 BP 427 EP 431 DI 10.1016/S0306-4565(01)00055-9 PG 5 WC Biology; Zoology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Zoology GA 468KW UT WOS:000170757700029 ER PT J AU Moran, DS Pandolf, KB Shapiro, Y Frank, A Heled, Y Shani, Y Matthew, WT Gonzalez, RR AF Moran, DS Pandolf, KB Shapiro, Y Frank, A Heled, Y Shani, Y Matthew, WT Gonzalez, RR TI The role of global radiation measured by a light sensor on heat stress assessment SO JOURNAL OF THERMAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the International Thermal Physiology Symposium CY SEP 02-06, 2001 CL WOLLONGONG, AUSTRALIA DE heat; stress; global radiation; WBGT; index ID HOT WEATHER AB The purpose of this study was to evaluate a new and relatively small (5 mm) light (L) sensor in order to measure global radiation (GR) for use in heat stress assessment, Data were collected during 25 days from three instruments: L, pyranometer (P) and black globe. Analysis of these data revealed the construction of a new model which converted the L data measured in mV to P values measured in W.m(-2) as follows: P=-13.81+0.619L-0.0001278L(2). The correlation coefficient between P and L was very high (R-2 =0.933, P<0.001), Therefore, we concluded that the L sensor has the potential to measure GR for use in heat stress assessment. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Chaim Sheba Med Ctr, Heller Inst Med Res, IL-52621 Tel Hashomer, Israel. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Moran, DS (reprint author), Chaim Sheba Med Ctr, Heller Inst Med Res, IL-52621 Tel Hashomer, Israel. NR 12 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0306-4565 J9 J THERM BIOL JI J. Therm. Biol. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 26 IS 4-5 BP 433 EP 436 DI 10.1016/S0306-4565(01)00056-0 PG 4 WC Biology; Zoology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Zoology GA 468KW UT WOS:000170757700030 ER PT J AU Basnyat, B Zimmerman, MD Shrestha, Y Scott, RM Endy, TP AF Basnyat, B Zimmerman, MD Shrestha, Y Scott, RM Endy, TP TI Persistent Japanese encephalitis in Kathmandu: The need for immunization SO JOURNAL OF TRAVEL MEDICINE LA English DT Article C1 Patan Hosp, Nepal Int Clin, Katmandu, Nepal. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Field Unit, Katmandu, Nepal. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. RP Basnyat, B (reprint author), Nepal Int Clin, GPO Box 3596, Katmandu, Nepal. NR 5 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU B C DECKER INC PI HAMILTON PA 20 HUGHSON ST SOUTH, PO BOX 620, L C D 1, HAMILTON, ONTARIO L8N 3K7, CANADA SN 1195-1982 J9 J TRAVEL MED JI J. Travel Med. PD SEP-OCT PY 2001 VL 8 IS 5 BP 270 EP 271 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 482WD UT WOS:000171599500009 PM 11703912 ER PT J AU Janini, M Rogers, M Birx, DR McCutchan, FE AF Janini, M Rogers, M Birx, DR McCutchan, FE TI Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 DNA sequences genetically damaged by hypermutation are often abundant in patient peripheral blood mononuclear cells and may be generated during near-simultaneous infection and activation of CD4(+) T cells SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID TRIPHOSPHATE POOL IMBALANCES; VESICULAR STOMATITIS-VIRUS; POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; FRANCISCO MENS HEALTH; LONG TERMINAL REPEAT; G->A HYPERMUTATION; REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTASE; MUTATION-RATE; TOUCHDOWN PCR; HIV-1 AB G-to-A hypermutation has been sporadically observed in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) proviral sequences from patient peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and virus cultures but has not been systematically evaluated. PCR primers matched to normal and hypermutated sequences were used. in conjunction with an agarose gel electrophoresis system incorporating an AT-binding dye to visualize, separate, clone, and sequence hypermutated and normal sequences in the 297-by HIV-1 protease gene amplified from patient PBMC. Among 53 patients, including individuals infected with subtypes A through D and at different clinical stages, at least 43% of patients harbored abundant hypermutated, along with normal, protease genes. In 70 hypermutated sequences, saturation of G residues in the GA or GG dinucleotide context ranged from 20 to 94%. Levels of other mutants were not elevated, and G-to-A replacement was entirely restricted to GA or GG, and not GC or GT, dinucleotides. Sixty-nine of 70 hypermutated and 3 of 149 normal sequences had in-frame stop codons. To investigate the conditions under which hypermutation occurs in cell cultures, purified CD4(+) T cells from normal donors were infected with cloned NL4-3 virus stocks at various times before and after phytohemagglutinin (PHA) activation. Hypermutation was pronounced when HIV-1 infection occurred simultaneously with, or a few hours after, PHA activation, but after 12 h or more after PHA activation, most HIV-1 sequences were normal. Hypermutated sequences generated in culture corresponded exactly in all parameters to those obtained from patient PBMC. Near-simultaneous activation and infection of CD4(+) T cells may represent a window of susceptibility where the informational content of HIV-1 sequences is lost due to hypermutation. C1 Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC USA. RP Janini, M (reprint author), Henry M Jackson Fdn, 1 Taft Ct, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. RI Janini, Luiz Mario/E-9700-2012 NR 72 TC 127 Z9 128 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 75 IS 17 BP 7973 EP 7986 DI 10.1128/JVI.75.17.7973-7986.2001 PG 14 WC Virology SC Virology GA 461AZ UT WOS:000170343900021 PM 11483742 ER PT J AU Pletnev, AG Bray, M Hanley, KA Speicher, J Elkins, R AF Pletnev, AG Bray, M Hanley, KA Speicher, J Elkins, R TI Tick-borne Langat/Mosquito-Borne dengue flavivirus chimera, a candidate live attenuated vaccine for protection against disease caused by members of the tick-borne encephalitis virus complex: Evaluation in rhesus monkeys and in mosquitoes SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID HETEROLOGOUS CHALLENGE; JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS; TYPE-4 VIRUSES; CONSTRUCTION; NEUROVIRULENCE; MICE; RECOMBINANT; MUTAGENESIS; REPLICATION; RESPONSES AB Langat virus (LGT), strain TP21, a naturally avirulent tick-borne flavivirus, was used to construct a chimeric candidate virus vaccine which contained LGT genes for premembrane (preM) and envelope (E) glycoprotein and all other sequences derived from dengue type 4 virus (DEN4). The live virus vaccine was developed to provide resistance to the highly virulent, closely related tick-borne flaviviruses that share protective E epitopes among themselves and with LGT. Toward that end the chimera, initially recovered in mosquito cells, was adapted to grow to high titer in qualified simian Vero cells. When inoculated intraperitoneally (i.p.), the Vero cell-adapted LGT TP21/DEN4 chimera remained completely attenuated for SCID mice. Significantly, the chimera protected immunocompetent mice against the most virulent tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV). Subsequently, rhesus monkeys were immunized in groups of 4 with 10(5) or 10(7) PFU of LGT strain TP21, with 105 PFU of DEN4, or with 10(3),10(5), or 10(7) PFU of the chimera. Each of the monkeys inoculated with DEN4 or LGT TP21 became viremic, and the duration of viremia ranged from 1 to 5 days. In contrast, viremia was detected in only 1 of 12 monkeys inoculated with the LGT TP21/DEN4 chimera; in this instance the level of viremia was at the limit of detection. All monkeys immunized with the chimera or LGT TP21 virus developed a moderate to high level of neutralizing antibodies against LGT TP21 as well as TBEV and were completely protected against subsequent LGT TP21 challenge, whereas monkeys previously immunized with DEN4 virus became viremic when challenged with LGT TP21. These observations suggest that the chimera is attenuated, immunogenic, and able to induce a protective immune response. Furthermore, passive transfer of serum from monkeys immunized with chimera conferred significant protection to mice subsequently challenged with 100 i.p. 50% lethal doses of the highly virulent TBEV. The issue of transmissibility of the chimera by mosquitoes was addressed by inoculating a nonhematophagous mosquito, Toxorhynchites splendens, intrathoracically with the chimera or its DEN4 or LGT parent. Neither the LGT TP21/DEN4 vaccine candidate nor the wild-type LGT TP21 virus was able to infect this mosquito species, which is highly permissive for dengue viruses. Certain properties of the chimera, notably its attenuation for monkeys, its immunogenicity, and its failure to infect a highly permissive mosquito host, make it a promising vaccine candidate for use in immunization against severe disease caused by many tick-borne flaviviruses. C1 NIAID, Infect Dis Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Pletnev, AG (reprint author), NIAID, Infect Dis Lab, NIH, Bldg 7,Room 236,7 Ctr Dr,MSC 1740, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NR 39 TC 55 Z9 59 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 75 IS 17 BP 8259 EP 8267 DI 10.1128/JVI.75.17.8259-8267.2001 PG 9 WC Virology SC Virology GA 461AZ UT WOS:000170343900050 PM 11483771 ER PT J AU Hooper, JW Custer, DM Thompson, E Schmaljohn, CS AF Hooper, JW Custer, DM Thompson, E Schmaljohn, CS TI DNA vaccination with the Hantaan virus M gene protects hamsters against three of four HFRS hantaviruses and elicits a high-titer neutralizing antibody response in rhesus monkeys SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID RENAL SYNDROME HFRS; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; ENCEPHALITIS-VIRUS; PULMONARY SYNDROME; SEOUL-VIRUS; NAKED DNA; CHALLENGE; INFECTION; IMMUNITY AB Four hantaviruses-Hantaan virus (HTNV), Seoul virus (SEOV), Dobrava virus (DOBV) and Puumala virus-are known to cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Europe and Asia. HTN-V causes the most severe form of HFRS (5 to 15% case-fatality rate) and afflicts tens of thousands of people annually. Previously, we demonstrated that DNA vaccination with a plasmid expressing the SEOV M gene elicited neutralizing antibodies and protected hamsters against infection with SEOV and HTNV. Here, we report the construction and evaluation of a DNA vaccine that expresses the HTNV M gene products, G1 and G2. DNA vaccination of hamsters with the HTNV M gene conferred sterile protection against infection with HTNV, SEOV, and DOBV. DNA vaccination of rhesus monkeys with either the SEOV or HTNV M gene elicited high levels of neutralizing antibodies. These are the first immunogenicity data for hantavirus DNA vaccines in nonhuman primates. Because a neutralizing antibody response is considered a surrogate marker for protective immunity in humans, our protection data in hamsters combined with the immunogenicity data in monkeys suggest that hantavirus M gene-based DNA vaccines could protect humans against the most severe forms of HFRS. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Hooper, JW (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. OI Hooper, Jay/0000-0002-4475-0415 NR 30 TC 72 Z9 84 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 75 IS 18 BP 8469 EP 8477 DI 10.1128/JVI.75.18.8469-8477.2001 PG 9 WC Virology SC Virology GA 464BL UT WOS:000170512800013 PM 11507192 ER PT J AU Stockstill, RL Berger, RC AF Stockstill, RL Berger, RC TI Simulating barge drawdown and currents in channel and backwater areas SO JOURNAL OF WATERWAY PORT COASTAL AND OCEAN ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article AB The act of a barge train navigating along a waterway produces waves and alters the river's currents. The drawdown wave causes flow exchange with the backwaters and side channels. The return currents in narrow waterways can also result in sediment resuspension. The highly variable topography along the waterway complicates this behavior by means of reflections, amplification, and resonance. Simple empirical solutions are applicable to idealized channel shapes but are too limited for general riverine topography. Physical models are unrestricted in this respect but have limitations related to expense and scale effects. In this paper, vessel effects are modeled numerically using a moving pressure field to represent the vessel's displacement. A comparison of a moving pressure field in a shallow-water model to flume tests has been previously reported. This study extends the model testing to include field data. The numerical results for return flows and water-surface elevations from vessel passages are presented for various types of river systems. Emphasis is given to describing the waterways' response to barge-generated currents and waves. C1 USA, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Coast & Hydr Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Stockstill, RL (reprint author), USA, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Coast & Hydr Lab, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 7 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-950X J9 J WATERW PORT C-ASCE JI J. Waterw. Port Coast. Ocean Eng.-ASCE PD SEP-OCT PY 2001 VL 127 IS 5 BP 290 EP 298 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-950X(2001)127:5(290) PG 9 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 464RX UT WOS:000170546500005 ER PT J AU Waselenko, JK Shinn, CA Willis, CR Flinn, IW Grever, MR Byrd, JC AF Waselenko, JK Shinn, CA Willis, CR Flinn, IW Grever, MR Byrd, JC TI Carboxyamido-triazole (CAI)- a novel "static" signal transduction inhibitor induces apoptosis in human B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells SO LEUKEMIA & LYMPHOMA LA English DT Article DE carboxyamido-triazole; L 651582; calcium channel blocker; chronic lymphocytic leukemia; apoptosis ID CALCIUM INFLUX; IN-VITRO; VERAPAMIL AB Signal transduction is a key mechanism by which both proliferative and apoptotic processes of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells are mediated. Carboxyamido-triazole (CAI) is a cytostatic signal transduction inhibitor currently being tested in phase II clinical trials. Based on this, we investigated the in vitro activity of CAI in mononuclear cell isolates from patients with B-CLL (n=11). Viability, utilizing the MTT assay, was assessed at varying concentrations (0.01-100 muM) of CAI for 4 days. The CAI concentration required for 50% inhibition of cell viability (LC50), determined by the tetrazolium dye (MTT) assay, at 4 days was 53.5 muM (range 29-74.6; 95% CI +/- 14.8). Cells from 6 of 11 patients (3 of whom were clinically fludarabine refractory) had a 27 percent (range 11-43) mean decline in viability at 10 muM after a 4 day drug exposure, a concentration readily attainable in humans. To assess if loss of viability was due to apoptosis, we incubated cells from 4 additional CLL patients with media or CAI (10 muM) for 4 days. Annexin-V/propidium iodine labeling subsequently demonstrated CAI significantly (p=0.049) induces apoptosis (40.1%; 95% CI +/- 18.1) as compared to media matched control cells (18.3%; 95% CI +/- 11.2). These data provide evidence that CAI can induce apoptosis in human CLL cells in vitro at drug concentrations attainable in vivo. These findings justify phase II studies of CAI in patients with B-CLL. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Hematol Oncol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Byrd, JC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Hematol Oncol Serv, Ward 78, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 13 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU HARWOOD ACAD PUBL GMBH PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD, PO BOX 90, READING RG1 8JL, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 1042-8194 J9 LEUKEMIA LYMPHOMA JI Leuk. Lymphoma PD SEP-OCT PY 2001 VL 42 IS 5 BP 1049 EP 1053 DI 10.3109/10428190109097725 PG 5 WC Oncology; Hematology SC Oncology; Hematology GA 467VD UT WOS:000170723700024 PM 11697622 ER PT J AU Walsh, SM AF Walsh, SM TI Improvements in vacuum assisted resin infusion SO MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Walsh, SM (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU MATRICE TECHNOLOGY LIMITED PI POULTON PA PO BOX 41, POULTON FY6 8GD, ENGLAND SN 1066-7857 J9 MATER TECHNOL JI Mater. Technol. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 16 IS 3 BP 179 EP 181 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 499QB UT WOS:000172580900007 ER PT J AU Phinney, LT Gardner, JW Kark, JA Wenger, CB AF Phinney, LT Gardner, JW Kark, JA Wenger, CB TI Long-term follow-up after exertional heat illness during recruit training SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Article DE exercise; heat exhaustion; heat stress disorder; heat stroke; military personnel; rhabdomyolysis; sports medicine ID STROKE AB Purpose: To evaluate long-term susceptibility to subsequent serious exertional. heat illness (EHI) in military recruits who suffered exertional heat illness during basic training. Methods: We identified Marine Corps members who completed at least 6 months of military service and suffered EHI treated as outpatients (IV 872) or inpatients (N = 50) during basic training in 1979-1991 at the Parris Island Marine Corps Recruit Depot, SC (EHI cases). We compared them to 1391 similar members (noncases) who did not experience EHI during basic training. These subjects were followed from 6 months after accession into the military through the subsequent 4 yr. Follow-up was through military personnel records to determine retention and military hospital databases to determine subsequent hospitalizations during military service. Results: Military retention rates were slightly lower for those who suffered EHI during basic training, compared with those who did not (24% vs 30% at 4 yr, respectively). Outpatient EHI cases also had about 40% higher subsequent hospitalization rates in military hospitals than noncases during their continued military service, although these differences declined over time and diagnoses showed little relationship to EHL EHI cases had higher rates of subsequent hospitalization for EHI, but the number was too small (five hospitalizations) to provide stable comparisons. Conclusion: Hospitalization for EHI is uncommon during subsequent military service after an initial episode during basic training, and occurrence of EHI during basic training has only a small impact on subsequent military retention and hospitalization. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. Howard Univ Hosp, Washington, DC USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Gardner, JW (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 24 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 33 IS 9 BP 1443 EP 1448 DI 10.1097/00005768-200109000-00004 PG 6 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 470CY UT WOS:000170853900004 PM 11528330 ER PT J AU Richardson, MB AF Richardson, MB TI The Department of the Navy's equal employment opportunity complaint dispute resolution process Pilot Program: A bold experiment that deserves further exploration SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Article C1 US Marine Corps, Washington, DC USA. USA, Judge Advocate Gen Sch, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. RP Richardson, MB (reprint author), Eastern Area Counsel Off, Camp Lejeune, NC 28545 USA. NR 52 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 169 BP 1 EP 69 PG 69 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 493JB UT WOS:000172217900001 ER PT J AU MacDonnell, TC AF MacDonnell, TC TI Case note: United States v. Bauerbach: Has the Army Court of Criminal Appeals put "Collazo relief" beyond review? SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Article C1 USA, Judge Advocate Gen Sch, Criminal Law Dept, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. RP MacDonnell, TC (reprint author), USA, Judge Advocate Gen Sch, Criminal Law Dept, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 169 BP 154 EP 179 PG 26 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 493JB UT WOS:000172217900005 ER PT J AU White, KS AF White, KS TI The Tuskegee Airmen: The men who changed a nation SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Article C1 USAF, Judge Advocate Gen Corps, Washington, DC 20330 USA. RP White, KS (reprint author), USA, Judge Advocate Gen Sch, Contract & Fiscal Law, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 169 BP 180 EP 188 PG 9 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 493JB UT WOS:000172217900006 ER PT J AU Peterson, AG AF Peterson, AG TI Tides of war, a novel of Alcibiades and the Peloponnesian War SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Book Review C1 US Marine Corps, Washington, DC USA. USA, Judge Advocate Gen Sch, Judge Advocate Officers Grad Course 49th, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. RP Peterson, AG (reprint author), US Marine Corps, Washington, DC USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 169 BP 189 EP 195 PG 7 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 493JB UT WOS:000172217900007 ER PT J AU Stone, EM AF Stone, EM TI Gideon's spies: The secret history of the Mossad SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Judge Advocate Gen Corps, Washington, DC 20310 USA. USA, Judge Advocate Gen Sch, Judge Svocate Officer Grd Course 49th, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. RP Stone, EM (reprint author), USA, Judge Advocate Gen Corps, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 169 BP 196 EP 206 PG 11 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 493JB UT WOS:000172217900008 ER PT J AU Voigt, JB AF Voigt, JB TI Army relations with congress: Thick armor, dull sword, slow horse SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Judge Advocate Gen Corps, Washington, DC 20310 USA. USA, Judge Advocate Gen Sch, Judge Advocate Officer Grad Course 49th, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. RP Voigt, JB (reprint author), USA, Judge Advocate Gen Corps, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 169 BP 207 EP 216 PG 10 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 493JB UT WOS:000172217900009 ER PT J AU Shelton, HH AF Shelton, HH TI The military healthcare system SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB Throughout our Nation's history, healthcare has been a prominent issue for the military. TRICARE is the managed healthcare program for active duty and retired members of the uniformed services, their families, and survivors. During the past few years, the Joint Chiefs of Staff have put forth a concerted effort to work with the Congress and the Administration to ensure that TRICARE provides high quality healthcare for all members of the uniformed services, our retirees, and their families. Ensuring quality medical care for military retirees honors a promise made to those currently serving and to those who served their country in the past. C1 USA, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Shelton, HH (reprint author), USA, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 166 IS 9 BP 739 EP 740 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653DF UT WOS:000181419400004 PM 11569432 ER PT J AU Sanchez, JL Polyak, CS Kolavic, SA Brokaw, JK Birkmire, SE Valcik, JA AF Sanchez, JL Polyak, CS Kolavic, SA Brokaw, JK Birkmire, SE Valcik, JA TI Investigation of a cluster of Legionella pneumophila infections among staff at a federal research facility SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID NOSOCOMIAL LEGIONNAIRES-DISEASE; RISK-FACTORS; WATER AB An epidemiologic investigation was conducted in response to a case of Legionella pneumonia in a scientist working at a federal research facility. A survey of 80 individuals working at the facility revealed that 13 (16%) had sustained prior infections with Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 (Lps1) as measured by anti-Lps1 antibodies. Antibody-positive individuals' offices clustered around an air cooling tower and a heating, ventilation, and air conditioner unit (odds ratio = 5). On multivariate logistic regression analysis, individuals of non-white race (adjusted odds ratio = 8) and smokers (adjusted odds ratio = 36) were also found to be at higher risk of past infection. Marked Legionella growth was noted in the cooling tower's water reservoir and potable hot water system, where suboptimal operating temperatures were noted. Subsequent increase in the hot water temperatures as well as a complete renovation of the affected building's air handling and potable water systems led to a reduction in Legionella species colonization. C1 USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Epidemiol Serv, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevetn Med, Water Supply Management Programs, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Sanchez, JL (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr Detachment Lima, Unit 3800, APO, AA 34031 USA. NR 15 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 166 IS 9 BP 753 EP 758 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653DF UT WOS:000181419400008 PM 11569435 ER PT J AU Reese, DJ Reichl, RB McCollum, J AF Reese, DJ Reichl, RB McCollum, J TI Latex allergy literature review: Evidence for making military treatment facilities latex safe SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID NATURAL-RUBBER LATEX; HEALTH-CARE WORKERS; IGE ANTIBODIES; HOSPITAL EMPLOYEES; CONTACT URTICARIA; CROSS-REACTIVITY; DENTAL STUDENTS; GLOVE ALLERGY; PREVALENCE; SENSITIVITY AB Latex allergy has become the epidemic of the 1990s for health care workers, as indicated by a remarkable increase in its prevalence. This literature review provides a brief background to the latex problem, strategies for prevention and management, a cost analysis of glove substitution in a clinical setting, and the implications for the military environment. Primary care providers must recognize the financial, medico-legal, occupational, and personal ramifications of latex allergy. Risk managers should realize that moving to a latex-free environment will reduce liability. C1 Residency Clin, Dent Clin 5, Ft Bragg, NC 28310 USA. RP Reese, DJ (reprint author), Residency Clin, Dent Clin 5, Ft Bragg, NC 28310 USA. NR 77 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 166 IS 9 BP 764 EP 770 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653DF UT WOS:000181419400010 PM 11569437 ER PT J AU Abbott, KC Bohen, EM Welch, PG Yuan, CM AF Abbott, KC Bohen, EM Welch, PG Yuan, CM TI Analyzing process variation in chart review using a networked spreadsheet application in the Walter Reed Army Medical Center Nephrology Clinic SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID RECORD; CARE AB The role of reviewer variation in interpreting outcomes of outpatient clinic chart reviews has been poorly studied. The present study used results collected from a network-based spreadsheet application (Microsoft Excel), which is widely available throughout the Army Medical Department, for chart reviews. Data were collected from January 1998 to August 2000, and 2,308 charts of 1,127 patients were reviewed. Results showed a significant improvement in documentation of contact with the referring provider from 1998 to 2000 (55.9% in 1998, 81.6% in 1999, and 80.6% in 2000; p < 0.01 by chi(2) for both). The percentage of charts for new consultations with inadequately controlled blood pressure managed appropriately improved from 73.7% in 1999 to 89.2% in 2000 (P < 0.01 by chi(2)). These results persisted in logistic regression analysis controlling for different reviewers. In conclusion, widely available office automation tools allow the systematic analysis of chart review data with the potential to improve practice patterns. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Abbott, KC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. OI Abbott, Kevin/0000-0003-2111-7112 NR 8 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 166 IS 9 BP 771 EP 773 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653DF UT WOS:000181419400011 PM 11569438 ER PT J AU Debboun, M Coleman, RE Sithiprasasna, R Gupta, RK Strickman, D AF Debboun, M Coleman, RE Sithiprasasna, R Gupta, RK Strickman, D TI Soldier acceptability of a camouflage face paint combined with DEET insect repellent SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID TROOPS; PREVENTION; MALARIA; DISEASE; SOMALIA AB Under operational conditions, current doctrine requires separate application of the standard military insect repellent and camouflage face paint. Working with an industrial partner, Amon Re, Inc., we developed a combined camouflage face paint and insect repellent that offers excellent protection from arthropod disease vectors. We undertook a study to determine whether the new product was acceptable to soldiers under field conditions. A new formulation of camouflage face paint containing the insect repellent N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (DEET) was tested for user acceptability during a joint-service, multinational, military field training exercise (Operation Cobra Gold 1999) in Thailand. Soldiers testing the camouflage face paint were members of one of three companies (A, B, and Q of 1st Battalion, 2 1st Infantry Regiment, 25th Infantry Division. Soldiers in A company (N = 98) received standard military camouflage face paint and the U.S. military's Extended Duration Topical Insect and Arthropod Repellent containing 33% DEET, soldiers in B company (N = 75) received a new formulation of camouflage face paint without DEET, and soldiers in C company (N = 88) received the new formulation of camouflage face paint containing 30% DEET. Every soldier who volunteered to participate completed the study and submitted responses to the questionnaire. The different treatments were evaluated while soldiers spent 4 days conducting simulated combat exercises in a hot, tropical environment in central Thailand. Soldiers were provided the test materials, given a briefing on the study, and completed an initial questionnaire on May 19, 1999. Soldiers completed a final questionnaire after they returned from the training exercise on May 24, 1999. Results of the study indicated that soldiers found the new formulation of 30% DEET camouflage face paint easier to apply (88% of respondents) and remove (77%) than the current standard issue camouflage face paint. Soldiers liked the new 30% DEET camouflage face paint formulation better (61%) and were more likely to recommend it (67%) than the old camouflage face paint formulation. Although the addition of DEET to the camouflage face paint occasionally caused minor irritation after application for a short period (less than 15 minutes), the new camouflage face paint formulation with 30% DEET was evaluated most often (72%) as either good or excellent. The new 30% DEET camouflage face paint formulation offers significant operational advantages: protection from disease-transmitting arthropods, elimination of the need to carry separate insect repellent and camouflage face paint, and reduction in the time required to apply repellent and camouflage face paint separately. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. USA, Med Res & Mat Command, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Debboun, M (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 17 TC 4 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 166 IS 9 BP 777 EP 782 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653DF UT WOS:000181419400013 PM 11569440 ER PT J AU McHenry, T Simmons, S Alitz, C Holcomb, J AF McHenry, T Simmons, S Alitz, C Holcomb, J TI Forward surgical stabilization of penetrating lower extremity fractures: Circular casting versus external fixation SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID WAR INJURIES; MANAGEMENT; CASUALTIES; SURGERY; VIETNAM; DEATH; CARE AB Objective: There are two choices for the stabilization of penetrating lower extremity fractures in the forward surgical environment: bivalved circular casting and external fixation. The material and equipment requirements of these methods are of paramount importance in the austere forward surgical environment. Methods: Casualties from the Battle of the Black Sea in Somalia 1993 were examined. Penetrating lower extremity fractures requiring immobilization were identified. The relative packing volume and weight for each method of immobilization were analyzed. Finally, the current literature concerning the treatment of penetrating lower extremity fractures sustained in combat was reviewed. Results: The consumable material requirements of cast immobilization are 22.9 times greater, by weight and 3.16 times greater by packing volume. Cast immobilization also has a greater durable equipment requirement. External fixation has multiple clinical advantages but is considerably more expensive. Conclusion: Based on these variables, the authors determined that external fixation is the treatment of choice for penetrating lower extremity fractures in the forward surgical environment. C1 Ben Taub Gen Hosp, Joint Trauma Training Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Blanchfield Army Community Hosp, Ft Campbell, KY 42223 USA. Womack Army Med Ctr, Ft Bragg, NC 28310 USA. RP McHenry, T (reprint author), Ben Taub Gen Hosp, Joint Trauma Training Ctr, 1504 Taub Loop, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 28 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 166 IS 9 BP 791 EP 795 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653DF UT WOS:000181419400016 PM 11569443 ER PT J AU Sciuto, AM Moran, TS Narula, AA Forster, JS AF Sciuto, AM Moran, TS Narula, AA Forster, JS TI Disruption of gas exchange in mice after exposure to the chemical threat agent phosgene SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID ACUTE LUNG INJURY; PULMONARY-EDEMA; POSTEXPOSURE TREATMENT; RAT LUNGS; INHALATION; AMINOPHYLLINE; TOXICITY; RABBITS AB The use of chemical warfare agents, such as the pulmonary irritant gas phosgene, is a real and constant threat not only from belligerent nations but from terrorist groups as well. Phosgene is both easy and inexpensive to produce and as such is a potential candidate for use as a threat agent. Phosgene attacks the deep lung after inhalation and can severely compromise pulmonary mechanics and gas exchange, rendering the exposed individual incapacitated. If exposure is severe, death can ensue by asphyxiation secondary to pulmonary edema formation. This paper examines the effects on lung tissue in mice over 24 hours after exposure to the irritant gas phosgene. Exposure to phosgene produced respiratory acidosis by decreasing pH, partial pressure of oxygen, 02 saturation, and increasing partial pressure of carbon dioxide. Exposure to phosgene also induced temporal increases in lung tissue gravimetric parameters such as lung tissue wet weight/dry weight ratio, which is a positive indicator of pulmonary edema formation, and dry lung weight, an indicator of lung cellular hyperaggregation. Blood gases and pH tend to normalize within 24 hours, whereas gravimetric parameters remain increased. Temporal changes in these physiological indicators of lung injury may help to explain why past exposures to phosgene required lengthy hospitalization. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Div Pharmacol, Neurotoxicol Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Sciuto, AM (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Div Pharmacol, Neurotoxicol Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 45 TC 11 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 166 IS 9 BP 809 EP 814 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653DF UT WOS:000181419400020 PM 11569447 ER PT J AU Hauret, KG Shippey, DL Knapik, JJ AF Hauret, KG Shippey, DL Knapik, JJ TI The physical training and rehabilitation program: Duration of rehabilitation and final outcome of injuries in basic combat training SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Annual Recruit and Trainee Health Care Symposium CY APR 28-MAY 01, 1999 CL BEAUFORT, SOUTH CAROLINA ID STRESS-FRACTURES; EPIDEMIOLOGY; MILITARY; ARMY AB During calendar year 1998, 6% (N = 2,010: men [m] = 670, 3%, women [w] = 1,340, 12%) of soldiers in basic combat training at Fort Jackson, South Carolina (N = 32,251), were unable to continue training as a result of a training-related injury. These soldiers were recommended for the Physical Training and Rehabilitation Program (PTRP) for recovery and rehabilitation. Forty-two percent of recommended soldiers were discharged from the Army rather than assigned to PTRP. The 1,164 (in = 356, w = 808) soldiers assigned to PTRP sustained 1,673 injuries (m = 444, w = 1229). Eighty-three percent of the injuries in PTRP were in the overuse (44%) and stress fracture (39%) categories. Of the 1,164 soldiers assigned to PTRP, 52% (m = 214, w = 386) returned to training. The average ( SD) length of stay in PTRP for soldiers returning to duty was 62 +/- 42 days (m = 57 +/- 39, w = 65 +/- 43). Rehabilitation challenges and significant motivational issues presumably contributed to the 52% return to duty incidence for PTRP soldiers. C1 USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Directorate Epidemiol & Dis Surveillance, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Womack Army Med Ctr, Phys Therapy Clin, Ft Bragg, NC USA. RP Hauret, KG (reprint author), USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Directorate Epidemiol & Dis Surveillance, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 20 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 3 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 166 IS 9 BP 820 EP 826 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653DF UT WOS:000181419400022 PM 11569449 ER PT J AU Pina, J Lettieri, C Pina, J AF Pina, J Lettieri, C Pina, J TI Goodpasture's syndrome: A case of delayed appearance of autoantibodies and renal disease SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID BASEMENT-MEMBRANE DISEASE; ANTIBODY-MEDIATED DISEASE; GBM ANTIBODY; GLOMERULONEPHRITIS; DIAGNOSIS AB Goodpasture's syndrome, or anti-glomerular basement membrane (anti-GBM) disease, is a rare pulmonary-renal syndrome that results from autoantibody-mediated destruction of alveolar and glomerular basement membranes. It is defined by the triad of pulmonary hemorrhage (hemoptysis), glomerulonephritis (hematuria), and circulating anti-GBM antibodies. Although kidney disease can occur with or without lung involvement, isolated alveolar hemorrhage as an incipient manifestation of the syndrome is rare. We report the case of a patient with anti-GBM disease who initially presented with seronegative hemoptysis and normal urine. It was not until relapse of his condition that we found acute glomerulonephritis and circulating antibodies. In this report, we briefly review the pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of anti-GBM disease and discuss the relevance of isolated alveolar hemorrhage. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Pina, J (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 166 IS 9 BP 827 EP 830 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653DF UT WOS:000181419400023 ER PT J AU Farley, JH Heaton, J O'Boyle, JD AF Farley, JH Heaton, J O'Boyle, JD TI Adenocarcinoma of unknown primary site presenting as an isolated retroperitoneal mass and Trousseau's syndrome SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CARCINOMA; CANCER AB Background: There are few reported cases of adenocarcinoma of unknown primary site (ACUPS) presenting with Trousseau's syndrome, and no cases presenting as an isolated retroperitoneal pelvic mass. Case: This is a case of a 36-year-old woman who presented with an isolated "pelvic" mass and Trousseau's syndrome. The patient underwent abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo oophorectomy with resection of the retroperitoneal lymph nodes. Surgical findings included normal-appearing uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries, with bilaterally enlarged pelvic lymph nodes. Pathology was positive for adenocarcinoma only in the pelvic lymph nodes. Uterine, ovarian, and fallopian tube final pathologies were negative for malignancy. Postoperative metastatic survey was negative, and the patient was diagnosed with ACUPS. The patient received adjuvant chemotherapy consisting of etoposide, carboplatin, and taxol. The patient died 18 months after diagnosis. Conclusion: This case reminds us that ACUPS can present as Trousseau's syndrome and rarely as an isolated retroperitoneal pelvic mass. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Gynecol Oncol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. RP Farley, JH (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Gynecol Oncol, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. EM john.farley@amedd.anny.mil NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 166 IS 9 BP 831 EP 832 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653DF UT WOS:000181419400024 PM 11569451 ER PT J AU Westermeyer, RR Terpolilli, RN AF Westermeyer, RR Terpolilli, RN TI Cardiac asystole after mouthwash ingestion: A case report and review of the contents SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID ACTIVATED-CHARCOAL; SORBITOL; MALABSORPTION AB In the search for intoxication, alcoholic patients often ingest toxic alcohols or other products containing ethanol. We report a patient who presented with intoxication from Listerine and rapidly progressed to cardiac asystole. Several mouthwash products have a high concentration of ethanol and are easily obtained. We review the contents of this product and their possible toxicologic effects. C1 121st Gen Hosp, Dept Emergency Med, APO, AP 96205 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Surg, Div Emergency Med, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Westermeyer, RR (reprint author), 121st Gen Hosp, Dept Emergency Med, APO, AP 96205 USA. NR 18 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 166 IS 9 BP 833 EP 835 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653DF UT WOS:000181419400025 PM 11569452 ER PT J AU Krivak, TC Rose, GS McBroom, JW Carlson, JW Winter, WE Kost, ER AF Krivak, TC Rose, GS McBroom, JW Carlson, JW Winter, WE Kost, ER TI Cervical adenocarcinoma in situ: A systematic review of therapeutic options and predictors of persistent or recurrent disease SO OBSTETRICAL & GYNECOLOGICAL SURVEY LA English DT Review ID CONE BIOPSY MARGINS; IN-SITU; UTERINE CERVIX; INVASIVE ADENOCARCINOMA; INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA; LOOP EXCISION; INSITU; MANAGEMENT; CONIZATION; CARCINOMA AB The incidence of cervical adenocarcinoma in situ is increasing in frequency, and our limited knowledge about this lesion presents the physician with a therapeutic dilemma. Treatment for this lesion has included conservative therapy, large loop excision or cold-knife cone biopsy, or definitive therapy consisting of hysterectomy. But, rates of residual adenocarcinoma in situ after cone biopsy with negative margins vary from 0% to 40%, and residual disease rates as high as 80% have been noted when the margins are positive. Despite these recent data on follow-up after conservative therapy such as cone biopsy, it seems that this method is safe and gaining acceptance by many physicians and patients. However, the short follow-up duration and small number of patients limit the conclusions of many studies. The relative infrequency of this diagnosis has precluded extensive clinical experience with the natural history of this lesion. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Gynecol Oncol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Gynecol Oncol Fellowship, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Div Gynecol Oncol, San Antonio, TX USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. RP Krivak, TC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Gynecol Oncol, 6900 Georgia Ave, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 45 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0029-7828 J9 OBSTET GYNECOL SURV JI Obstet. Gynecol. Surv. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 56 IS 9 BP 567 EP 575 DI 10.1097/00006254-200109000-00023 PG 9 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 469PF UT WOS:000170823500003 PM 11524622 ER PT J AU Meitzler, T Toet, A AF Meitzler, T Toet, A TI Advances in target acquisition modeling II SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA, TACOM, Warren, MI 48397 USA. TNO, NL-3769 DE Soesterberg, Netherlands. RP Meitzler, T (reprint author), USA, TACOM, AMSTA TR R MS 263, Warren, MI 48397 USA. RI Meitzler, Thomas/D-1065-2017; OI Toet, Alexander/0000-0003-1051-5422 NR 0 TC 7 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOCIETY OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 40 IS 9 BP 1756 EP 1759 DI 10.1117/1.1410760 PG 4 WC Optics SC Optics GA 478XK UT WOS:000171373700005 ER PT J AU O'Kane, BL Bonzo, D Hoffman, JE AF O'Kane, BL Bonzo, D Hoffman, JE TI Perception studies SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE target acquisition; perception studies; sensor performance; eye tracking; search ID RECOGNITION AB Most United States ground-to-ground and air-to-ground military target acquisition is performed with thermal sights on today's battlefield. It is extremely important, therefore, to develop systems that provide the best compatibility to the users, to predict their performance, and to correctly train them in the use of these systems to prevent fratricide and increase survivability. It is not possible to perform all the needed research by means of expensive field tests. Therefore, the use of perception studies has become popular for developing training, testing system designs, and assessing effectiveness of sensors and systems. We discuss some challenges involved in perception studies conducted to gain insight into surveillance and target acquisition by military users of thermal imagery. The goal is to emulate as accurately as possible what a military observer will actually see and how he will use the sensor to detect and identify targets. The issues discussed include prior training, panning effects on eye movements, and contrast and brightness controls. The latest advances in these areas and some remaining challenges are discussed. (C) 2001 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 USA, CECOM, RDEC, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. E OIR Measurements Inc, Spotsylvania, VA 22553 USA. Univ Delaware, Newark, DE 19716 USA. RP O'Kane, BL (reprint author), USA, CECOM, RDEC, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. NR 16 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOCIETY OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 40 IS 9 BP 1768 EP 1775 DI 10.1117/1.1388609 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA 478XK UT WOS:000171373700007 ER PT J AU Meitzler, TJ Sohn, EJ Singh, H Elgarhi, A Nam, DH AF Meitzler, TJ Sohn, EJ Singh, H Elgarhi, A Nam, DH TI Predicting search time in visually cluttered scenes using the fuzzy logic approach SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE fuzzy logic; vehicle detection; search time; wavelets; Search_2 dataset ID TARGET DETECTION; PROBABILITY; IMAGES AB The mean search time of observers searching for targets in visual scenes with clutter is computed using the fuzzy logic approach (FLA). The FLA is presented as a robust method for the computation of search times and/or probabilities of detection for treated vehicles. The Mamdani/Assilian and Sugeno models have been investigated and are compared. The Search_2 dataset from TNO is used to build and validate the fuzzy logic approach for target detection modeling. The input parameters are: local luminance, range, aspect, width, and wavelet edge points, and the single output is search time. The Mamdani/Assilian model gave predicted mean search times for data not used in the training set that had a 0.957 correlation to the field search times. The data set is reduced using a clustering method, then modeled using the FLA, and results are compared to experiment. (C) 2001 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 USA, Tank Automot & Armaments Commnand Res Dev & Engn, Warren, MI 48397 USA. Wayne State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. RP Meitzler, TJ (reprint author), USA, Tank Automot & Armaments Commnand Res Dev & Engn, Warren, MI 48397 USA. RI Meitzler, Thomas/D-1065-2017; OI Meitzler, Thomas/0000-0002-0730-3958 NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOCIETY OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 40 IS 9 BP 1844 EP 1851 DI 10.1117/1.1389866 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA 478XK UT WOS:000171373700014 ER PT J AU Wilson, DL AF Wilson, DL TI Image-based contrast-to-clutter modeling of detection SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE clutter; contrast to clutter; line power spectrum signature; detection; root sum of squares; Search_2 dataset AB Using image-based metrics, a contrast-to-clutter model is applied to a visible imagery set and perception experiment data. To calculate the contrast metric, a new image is generated from a gray scale version of the original image by replacing the target with an expected background using the local background surrounding the target. The contrast metric is obtained from the difference of this new image and the original image. Via a simple mathematical formula, the ratio of the contrast measure to a clutter metric is used to predict performance. (C) 2001 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 USA, CECOM, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Wilson, DL (reprint author), USA, CECOM, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, 10221 Burbeck Rd,Suite 430, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. NR 6 TC 28 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 6 PU SPIE-INT SOCIETY OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 40 IS 9 BP 1852 EP 1857 DI 10.1117/1.1389502 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA 478XK UT WOS:000171373700015 ER PT J AU Witus, G Gerhart, GR Ellis, RD AF Witus, G Gerhart, GR Ellis, RD TI Contrast model for three-dimensional vehicles in natural lighting and search performance analysis SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE contrast ratio; 3-D perception; computational vision model; shape from shading; target acquisition; search; Search_2 dataset ID OBJECT RECOGNITION; OBSERVERS AB Ground vehicles in natural lighting tend to have significant and systematic variation in luminance through the presented area. This arises, in large part, from the vehicle surfaces having different orientations and shadowing relative to the source of illumination and the position of the observer. These systematic differences create the appearance of a structured 3-D object. The 3-D appearance is an important factor in search, figure-ground segregation, and object recognition. We present a contrast metric to predict search and detection performance that accounts for the 3-D structure. The approach first computes the contrast of the front (or rear), side, and top surfaces. The vehicle contrast metric is the area-weighted sum of the absolute values of the contrasts of the component surfaces. The 3-D structure contrast metric, together with target height, account for more than 80% of the variance in probability of detection and 75% of the variance in search time. When false alarm effects are discounted, they account for 89% of the variance in probability of detection and 95% of the variance in search time. The predictive power of the signature metric, when calibrated to half the data and evaluated against the other half, is 90% of the explanatory power. (C) 2001 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 Turing Associates Inc, Ann Arbor, MI 48103 USA. USA, TACOM, AMSTA TR R MS 263, Warren, MI 48397 USA. Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. RP Witus, G (reprint author), Turing Associates Inc, 1392 Honey Run Dr, Ann Arbor, MI 48103 USA. RI Ellis, Richard/A-5905-2009 OI Ellis, Richard/0000-0003-0435-8395 NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOCIETY OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 40 IS 9 BP 1858 EP 1868 DI 10.1117/1.1389867 PG 11 WC Optics SC Optics GA 478XK UT WOS:000171373700016 ER PT J AU Krapels, K Driggers, RG Vollmerhausen, RH Kopeika, NS Halford, CE AF Krapels, K Driggers, RG Vollmerhausen, RH Kopeika, NS Halford, CE TI Atmospheric turbulence modulation transfer function for infrared target acquisition modeling SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE turbulence MTF; turbulence blur; target acquisition; atmospheric MTF ID SPATIAL-RESOLUTION; IMAGING-SYSTEMS; SCATTERING AB A new direction for the US Army Night Vision and Electronic Sensors Directorate is the development of ultra-narrow field of view (UNFOV) infrared target acquisition (TA) systems. Frequently, the performance of these systems is limited by atmospheric turbulence in the imaging path. It is desirable to include the effects of atmospheric turbulence blur in infrared TA models. The current TA models are currently linear shift invariant (LSI) systems with component modulation transfer functions (MTFs). The use of additional MTFs, to account for atmospheric turbulence, requires that the turbulence blur have LSI properties. The primary unresolved issue with the treatment of turbulence blur as an MTF is the LSI characteristics of the blur. Significant variation in spatial blur and temporal blur prohibit the use of a single MTF in an LSI target acquisition model. Researchers at Ben-Gurion University (BGU) use a TA model that includes an LSI blur, which is a temporal average of the turbulence blur. The research described here evaluates the BGU-type treatment of atmospheric MTF and determines it reasonable for inclusion in the US Army's TA model. In addition to the spatial characteristics, the temporal variation of the turbulence blur is also described. (C) 2001 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 USA, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. Ben Gurion Univ Negev, IL-84105 Beer Sheva, Israel. Memphis State Univ, Memphis, TN 38152 USA. RP Krapels, K (reprint author), USA, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, 10221 Burbeck Rd, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RI Kopeika, N/F-1310-2012 NR 14 TC 24 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOCIETY OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 40 IS 9 BP 1906 EP 1913 DI 10.1117/1.1390299 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA 478XK UT WOS:000171373700021 ER PT J AU Watkins, WR Heath, GD Phillips, MD Valeton, M Toet, A AF Watkins, WR Heath, GD Phillips, MD Valeton, M Toet, A TI Search and target acquisition: single line of sight versus wide baseline stereo SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE search; target acquisition; depth perception; stereo vision; camouflage; clutter ID VISION AB This study investigates observer performance in visual search and target detection tasks for two different conditions of image viewing: binocular viewing of single line of sight images versus stereoscopic display of wide baseline stereo images. A multiple baseline imagery database was obtained during a field test, The targets were personnel wearing forest camouflage uniforms. They were arrayed at two rural terrain sites. The weather condition at the first site was clear to partly cloudy and at the second site overcast with light rain. The preliminary analysis of the first site database indicated that wide baseline stereo can improve search and target acquisition, but that the baseline used was too wide for many of the closer targets at that site. The database from the second site was then analyzed through observer testing, with single line of sight and wide baseline stereo displays. The results indicate that with training, stereo vision effectively reduces false alarm detection by a factor of 2. Additionally, guidelines are obtained for optimum stereo display that can be used to improve positive target detection by 20%. (C) 2001 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 USA, Res Lab, Survivabil Lethal Anal Directorate, White Sands Missile Range, NM 88002 USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Math Sci, W Point, NY 10996 USA. TNO Human Factors, NL-3769 DE Soesterberg, Netherlands. RP Watkins, WR (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Survivabil Lethal Anal Directorate, White Sands Missile Range, NM 88002 USA. OI Toet, Alexander/0000-0003-1051-5422 NR 15 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOCIETY OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 40 IS 9 BP 1914 EP 1927 DI 10.1117/1.1390300 PG 14 WC Optics SC Optics GA 478XK UT WOS:000171373700022 ER PT J AU Ruvolo, AP Fabin, LA Ruvolo, CM AF Ruvolo, AP Fabin, LA Ruvolo, CM TI Relationship experiences and change in attachment characteristics of young adults: The role of relationship breakups and conflict avoidance SO PERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS LA English DT Article ID ROMANTIC RELATIONSHIPS; MARITAL INTERACTION; CLOSE RELATIONSHIPS; SEX-DIFFERENCES; STYLE; STABILITY; COUPLES; LOVE; SATISFACTION; RELIABILITY AB This study examined whether close relationship experiences predict change in individuals' attachment characteristics. Partners from 301 dating couples each rated their attachment characteristics and their conflict avoidance. Five months later 184 women and 138 men reported whether their relationships were intact or broken-up, and they rated their attachment characteristics again. Women became less secure after a breakup and more secure after remaining together. There was a similar result for men who initially had insecure attachment characteristics. Additionally, women low in conflict avoidance became more secure over time, and those high in conflict avoidance became less secure. For men whose relationships remained intact, conflict avoidance was not related to change in attachment characteristics. For men whose relationships ended, however, initial conflict avoidance predicted increased attachment security. These results extend previous research on the stability of attachment characteristics by exploring predictors of change. C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Ruvolo, AP (reprint author), 12698 New Rd, Wakarusa, IN 46573 USA. NR 57 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 9 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI PORT CHESTER PA 110 MIDLAND AVE, PORT CHESTER, NY 10573-9863 USA SN 1350-4126 J9 PERS RELATIONSHIP JI Pers. Relat. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 8 IS 3 BP 265 EP 281 DI 10.1111/j.1475-6811.2001.tb00040.x PG 17 WC Communication; Psychology, Social SC Communication; Psychology GA 472GJ UT WOS:000170975100003 ER PT J AU Petty, DG Skogerboe, JG Getsinger, KD Foster, DR Houtman, BA Fairchild, JF Anderson, LW AF Petty, DG Skogerboe, JG Getsinger, KD Foster, DR Houtman, BA Fairchild, JF Anderson, LW TI The aquatic fate of triclopyr in whole-pond treatments SO PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE aquatic plant management; aquatic herbicide environmental fate; Eurasian watermilfoil; triclopyr; TCP; TMP ID HERBICIDE TRICLOPYR; DISSIPATION; RATES AB The aquatic fate of the triethylamine salt formulation of triclopyr (3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinyloxyacetic acid) was determined in whole-pond applications in closed (no water exchange) systems in California, Missouri and Texas in two studies conducted in 1995 and 1996. These studies determined dissipation rates of triclopyr and its principal metabolites, 3,5,6-trichloropyridinol (TCP) and 3,5,6-trichloro-2-methoxypyridine (TMP) in water, sediment and finfish. Ponds at each site containing a healthy biological community were treated at 2.5 mg AE litre(-1) triclopyr. Water and sediment samples were collected through 12 weeks post-treatment, and non-target animals were collected through 4 weeks post-treatment. Dissipation rates for triclopyr, TCP and TMP were similar at each of the study sites, despite differences in weather, water quality, biotic community, light transmission and geographic location. Half-lives of triclopyr in water ranged from 5.9 to 7.5 days, while those of TCP and TMP ranged from 4 to 8.8 and 4 to 10 days, respectively. Levels of triclopyr and TCP declined in sediments at half-lives ranging from 2.8 to 4.6 days and 3.8 to 13.3 days, respectively. No TMP was detected in sediment. Triclopyr and TCP cleared from fish in relation to concentrations found in the water column. TMP levels in fish were generally an order of magnitude higher than levels of triclopyr and TCP, particularly in the visceral portion of the animals. No adverse effects on water quality or on the non-target biotic community were found following triclopyr applications. Results of these studies were comparable to those of triclopyr dissipation studies conducted in reservoirs, lakes and riverine systems in Georgia, Florida, Minnesota and Washington, indicating that the degradation and dissipation of triclopyr and its metabolites are similar in representative systems throughout the USA. (C) 2001 Society of Chemical Industry. C1 USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NDR Res, Plainfield, IN 46168 USA. Dow AgroSci, Indianapolis, IN USA. US Geol Survey, Columbian Environm Res Ctr, Columbia, MO 65201 USA. Univ Calif Davis, USDA ARS, Aquat Weed Control Lab, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Getsinger, KD (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Waterways Expt Stn, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 16 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 3 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 1526-498X J9 PEST MANAG SCI JI Pest Manag. Sci. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 57 IS 9 BP 764 EP 775 DI 10.1002/ps.343 PG 12 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA 469BU UT WOS:000170793300003 PM 11561400 ER PT J AU Taylor, AJ Grace, K Swiecki, J Hyatt, R Gibbs, H Sheikh, M O'Malley, PG Lowenthal, SP West, M Spain, J Maneval, K Jones, DL AF Taylor, AJ Grace, K Swiecki, J Hyatt, R Gibbs, H Sheikh, M O'Malley, PG Lowenthal, SP West, M Spain, J Maneval, K Jones, DL TI Lipid-lowering efficacy, safety, and costs of a large-scale therapeutic statin formulary conversion program SO PHARMACOTHERAPY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Clinical-Pharmacy CY NOV 04-08, 2000 CL LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA SP Amer Coll Clin Pharmacy ID AVERAGE CHOLESTEROL LEVELS; REDUCTASE INHIBITORS; CORONARY EVENTS; HEART-DISEASE; CERIVASTATIN; LOVASTATIN; PRAVASTATIN; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; SIMVASTATIN; PHARMACOKINETICS AB Study Objective. To assess the lipid-lowering efficacy, safety, and costs of a large-scale statin formulary conversion program. Design. Prospective, observational study. Setting. Tertiary academic medical center. Patients. A total of 980 patients consented to participate; 942 patients completed the study Intervention. Patients were converted from their current statin therapy to either cerivastatin 0.4 or 0.8 mg/day, or simvastatin 80 mg/day, using a conversion algorithm. Measurements and Main Results. Efficacy and safety were evaluated at baseline and after 6 weeks of therapy; costs were also measured. Overall attainment of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) goal for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) increased from 64.8% to 74.5% of patients (p <0.001); mean LDL decreased from 115 +/- 30 mg/dl to 106 +/- 25 mg/dl (p <0.001). Adverse events occurred in 3% of patients, and included myositis (0.6%) and increased hepatic transaminases (0.1%). Overall costs were reduced by $115/patient treatment-year. Conclusion. Statin therapeutic interchange can improve lipid control at reduced costs. The possibility of uncommon but potentially serious adverse effects suggests that these programs require appropriate monitoring. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Cardiol, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Gen Internal Med Serv, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pharm, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Bayer Pharmaceut Corp, Sci Relat Div, W Haven, CT USA. RP Taylor, AJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Cardiol, Dept Med, Bldg 2,Room 4A, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 22 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU PHARMACOTHERAPY PUBLICATIONS INC PI BOSTON PA NEW ENGLAND MEDICAL CENTER, 806, 750 WASHINGTON ST, BOSTON, MA 02111 USA SN 0277-0008 J9 PHARMACOTHERAPY JI Pharmacotherapy PD SEP PY 2001 VL 21 IS 9 BP 1130 EP 1139 DI 10.1592/phco.21.13.1130.34616 PG 10 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 470BC UT WOS:000170849700012 PM 11560203 ER PT J AU LaPotin, P Kennedy, R Pangburn, T Bolus, R AF LaPotin, P Kennedy, R Pangburn, T Bolus, R TI Blended spectral classification techniques for mapping water surface transparency and chlorophyll concentration SO PHOTOGRAMMETRIC ENGINEERING AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID SUSPENDED SEDIMENT CONCENTRATION; ALGAL CHLOROPHYLL; REFLECTANCE; ALGORITHM; IMAGERY; LAKE AB An innovative technique for estimating Secchi Disk Transparency and Chlorophyll a concentration is examined using in situ samples and coincidental satellite imagery for West Point Lake, Georgia. The technique is divided into two main components: (1) unsupervised classification to organize and reduce spectral variance, and (2) linear logarithmic modeling to transfer class structure onto primary water quality measurements. In component 1, clusters are derived using a non-parametric approach that is computationally unique from the traditional ISODATA algorithm. The method includes focused stratified sampling, non-parametric estimation, and blending of class structure using first-order principal components. In component 2, the class structure is tied to water quality estimation using primary band ratios for visible, near infrared, and middle infrared as independent variables. The results indicate a strong association between the Landsat TM middle infrared band and observed measurements for Secchi Disk Transparency and Chlorophyll a concentration. Logarithmic ratios for the visible green to the visible red are shown to be the second most significant covariates. The resultant models are shown to explain 98 percent of the variance in Secchi Disk Transparency, and 93 percent of the variance in Chlorophyll a concentration using pooled data from 59 sampling stations acquired during two distinct periods: 08 June and 28 September 1991. C1 Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, US Army Corps Engineers, Remote Sensing GIS Ctr, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP LaPotin, P (reprint author), Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, US Army Corps Engineers, Remote Sensing GIS Ctr, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC PHOTOGRAMMETRY PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 210, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2160 USA SN 0099-1112 J9 PHOTOGRAMM ENG REM S JI Photogramm. Eng. Remote Sens. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 67 IS 9 BP 1059 EP 1065 PG 7 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Physical Geography; Geology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 469QC UT WOS:000170825500007 ER PT J AU Deitzel, JM Kleinmeyer, JD Hirvonen, JK Tan, NCB AF Deitzel, JM Kleinmeyer, JD Hirvonen, JK Tan, NCB TI Controlled deposition of electrospun poly(ethylene oxide) fibers SO POLYMER LA English DT Article DE electrospinning; nanofibers; bending instability ID POLYMER AB Electrospinning is a process by which sub-micron polymer fibers can be produced using an electrostatically driven jet of polymer solution (or polymer melt). Electrospun fibers are typically collected in the form of non-woven mats, which are of interest for a variety of applications including semi-permeable membranes, filters, composite reinforcement, and scaffolding used in tissue engineering. A characteristic feature of the electrospinning process is the onset of a chaotic oscillation of the electrospinning jet. The current work demonstrates the feasibility of dampening this instability and controlling the deposition of sub-micron polymer fibers (< 300 nm in diameter) on a substrate through use of an electrostatic lens element and collection target of opposite polarity. Real-time observations of the electrospinning process have been made using high-speed, high-magnification imaging techniques. Fiber mat!; and yarns electrospun from polyethylene oxide have been analyzed using wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD). optical microscopy, and environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM). (C) 2001 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 USA, Res Lab, Polymer Res Branch, AMSRLWM,MA, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Deitzel, JM (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Polymer Res Branch, AMSRLWM,MA, Bldg 4600, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 17 TC 532 Z9 573 U1 18 U2 224 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0032-3861 J9 POLYMER JI Polymer PD SEP PY 2001 VL 42 IS 19 BP 8163 EP 8170 DI 10.1016/S0032-3861(01)00336-6 PG 8 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 444GD UT WOS:000169391000028 ER PT J AU Armstrong, SC Cozza, KL AF Armstrong, SC Cozza, KL TI Med-psych drug-drug interactions update SO PSYCHOSOMATICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Tual Forest Grove Hosp, Ctr Geriatr Psychiat, Forest Grove, OR 97116 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Infect Dis Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Armstrong, SC (reprint author), Tual Forest Grove Hosp, Ctr Geriatr Psychiat, 1809 Maple St, Forest Grove, OR 97116 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PRESS, INC PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST, N W, STE 1101, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0033-3182 J9 PSYCHOSOMATICS JI Psychosomatics PD SEP-OCT PY 2001 VL 42 IS 5 BP 435 EP 437 DI 10.1176/appi.psy.42.5.435 PG 3 WC Psychiatry; Psychology SC Psychiatry; Psychology GA 487PU UT WOS:000171885100011 PM 11739913 ER PT J AU Estes, AC Frangopol, DM AF Estes, AC Frangopol, DM TI Minimum expected cost-oriented optimal maintenance planning for deteriorating structures: application to concrete bridge decks SO RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY LA English DT Article DE deteriorating structures; cost-based optimal maintenance; inspection/repair planning; probability; updating AB Civil engineering structures are designed to serve the public and often must perform safely for decades. No matter how well they are designed, all civil engineering structures will deteriorate over time and lifetime maintenance expenses represent a substantial portion of the total lifetime cost of most structures. It is difficult to make a reliable prediction of this cost when the future is unknown and structural deterioration and behavior are assumed from a mathematical model or previous experience. An optimal maintenance program is the key to making appropriate decisions at the right time to minimize cost and maintain an appropriate level of safety. This study proposes a probabilistic framework for optimizing the timing and the type of maintenance over the expected useful life of a deteriorating structure. A decision tree analysis is used to develop an optimum lifetime maintenance plan which is updated as inspections occur and more data is available. An estimate which predicts cost and behavior over many years must be refined and reoptimized as new information becomes available. This methodology is illustrated using a half-cell potential test to evaluate a deteriorating concrete bridge deck. The study includes the expected life of the structure, the expected damage level of the structure, costs of inspection and specific repairs, interest rates, the capability of the test equipment to detect a flaw, and the management approach of the owner towards making repairs. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Civil & Mech Engn, W Point, NY 10996 USA. Univ Colorado, Dept Civil Environm & Architectural Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Estes, AC (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Civil & Mech Engn, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 11 TC 40 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0951-8320 J9 RELIAB ENG SYST SAFE JI Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 73 IS 3 BP 281 EP 291 DI 10.1016/S0951-8320(01)00044-8 PG 11 WC Engineering, Industrial; Operations Research & Management Science SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA 470BL UT WOS:000170850500010 ER PT J AU Xu, R Mead, JL Orroth, SA Stacer, RG Truong, QT AF Xu, R Mead, JL Orroth, SA Stacer, RG Truong, QT TI Barrier properties of thermoplastic elastomer films SO RUBBER CHEMISTRY AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 159th Spring Meeting of the Rubber-Division-American-Chemical-Society CY APR 24-27, 2001 CL PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND SP Rubber Div Amer Chem Soc AB One application of barrier materials is chemical protective clothing. A variety of chemical protective clothing options are currently available, but many of the barrier materials combine good fluid resistance with high resistance to moisture vapor transport. This generates heat stress to the wearer. For certain applications it is desirable to find materials which are elastic, easy to process, and comfortable to use, while still having good fluid resistance. Thermoplastic elastomers (TPE) represent a developing family of materials that may provide an answer to those requirements, but have not been thoroughly investigated for this application. In this work, commercially available thermoplastic elastomers and their blends were evaluated. Film samples were prepared by either extrusion or compression molding, and their barrier properties evaluated in terms of water vapor transmission, fluid vapor transmission, and fluid absorption. Films prepared from a polyester TPE showed the highest water vapor transport. Blends of the polyester TPE with more fluid resistant TPEs offered protection with enhanced water vapor transport. These results indicate that blends of TPEs can be tailored to offer fluid/vapor protection with significant improvements in water vapor transmission. For some fluids these materials offer even better protection, with enhanced water vapor transmission, than currently available materials. C1 Univ Massachusetts, Dept Plast Engn, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. USA, Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Mead, JL (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Plast Engn, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC INC PI AKRON PA RUBBER DIV UNIV AKRON PO BOX 499, AKRON, OH 44309-0499 USA SN 0035-9475 J9 RUBBER CHEM TECHNOL JI Rubber Chem. Technol. PD SEP-OCT PY 2001 VL 74 IS 4 BP 701 EP 714 DI 10.5254/1.3544968 PG 14 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 513LC UT WOS:000173379000013 ER PT J AU Hill, JMD Surdu, JR Carver, CA Vaglia, JA Pooch, UW AF Hill, JMD Surdu, JR Carver, CA Vaglia, JA Pooch, UW TI An interactive design, visualization, and analysis tool for information flow over a tactical data network SO SIMULATION LA English DT Article DE tactical communications; visualization; decision aids; information flow; discrete event simulation AB The United States Army is embracing the use of new information technologies to achieve tactical advantage over potential adversaries. Existing and future information systems place a significant load on the tactical data network, resulting in a bandwidth management crisis, yet there is no prioritization, allocation, planning, or management tool available to simulate information flows over time for different communications configurations under different operational conditions. The development of such a tool requires the implementation of a communication network model and the supporting discrete-event simulation system. Models for the information systems that induce flows, the command posts using the information systems, and the influence of operational conditions on the information flows are also required, as is a graphical user interface that allows the tactical planner to configure the system and set up data capture. The visual development techniques used in this tool make it easy for the planner to design and build communication networks to support operations, then interactively reconfigure the network, run "what-if" scenarios, and visualize the effects. The system can be used for training, design of experimental networks, and to support rapid decision-making. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, W Point, NY 10996 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Dept Comp Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Hill, JMD (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RI WANG, HUAN/A-1155-2009 NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU SIMULATION COUNCILS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA PO BOX 17900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92117 USA SN 0037-5497 J9 SIMULATION JI Simulation PD SEP-OCT PY 2001 VL 77 IS 3-4 BP 104 EP 113 DI 10.1177/003754970107700303 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA 520GN UT WOS:000173772800003 ER PT J AU Ender, MG AF Ender, MG TI War, peace, and the social order. SO SOCIAL FORCES LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Ender, MG (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV NORTH CAROLINA PRESS PI CHAPEL HILL PA BOX 2288, JOURNALS DEPT, CHAPEL HILL, NC 27515-2288 USA SN 0037-7732 J9 SOC FORCES JI Soc. Forces PD SEP PY 2001 VL 80 IS 1 BP 358 EP 359 DI 10.1353/sof.2001.0064 PG 2 WC Sociology SC Sociology GA 491EC UT WOS:000172094200019 ER PT J AU Klingenberg, ML Demaree, JD AF Klingenberg, ML Demaree, JD TI The effect of transport ratio and ion energy on the mechanical properties of IBAD niobium nitride coatings SO SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th International Conference on Metallurgical Coatings and Thin Films CY APR 30-MAY 05, 2001 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA DE niobium nitride films; ion beam assisted deposition (IBAD); nitrogen ion beams ID BEAM-ASSISTED DEPOSITION; THIN-FILMS; FUNDAMENTALS; NBN AB Niobium nitride films were produced by ion beam assisted deposition (IBAD) using low (90 eV) and moderate (750-800 eV) energy nitrogen ion beams and electron-beam evaporated niobium. The transport ratios (ion to atom arrival ratios) used were approximately 0.062, 0.125, 0.25, 0.33, 0.50, 0.75 and 1.0. The resulting microstructure, crystal phase, and composition of the films were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS), The hardness, coefficient of friction, and wear resistance were assessed. The research detailed herein describes relationships between MAD process parameters, NbN film structure and phase, and the mechanical properties of the films. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Concurrent Technol Corp, Johnstown, PA 15904 USA. AMSRL WM MC, Army Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Klingenberg, ML (reprint author), Concurrent Technol Corp, 100 CTC Dr, Johnstown, PA 15904 USA. NR 21 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0257-8972 J9 SURF COAT TECH JI Surf. Coat. Technol. PD SEP-OCT PY 2001 VL 146 BP 243 EP 249 DI 10.1016/S0257-8972(01)01393-7 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 500DY UT WOS:000172611700036 ER PT J AU Matson, DW McClanahan, ED Lee, SL Windover, D AF Matson, DW McClanahan, ED Lee, SL Windover, D TI Properties of thick sputtered Ta used for protective gun tube coatings SO SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th International Conference on Metallurgical Coatings and Thin Films CY APR 30-MAY 05, 2001 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA DE tantalum; beta tantalum; microstructure; high rate sputtering; sputtering gas; sputtering bias ID FILMS; DEPOSITION AB Thick tantalum coatings were deposited on the bore surfaces of 25 mm I.D. cylindrical 4340 steel substrates using a high-rate triode sputtering apparatus. Sputtering parameters affecting the tantalum phase and microstructure were investigated. Prior work has indicated that the sputtering gas species and substrate temperature during deposition affect the characteristics of the tantalum coatings. In the work presented here, we report on experimental studies aimed at evaluating additional phase and microstructural effects resulting from changes in sputtering gas species and substrate bias during the deposition. Tantalum deposits of 75-140 mum thicknesses were evaluated using X-ray diffraction, optical microscopy, and microindentation hardness measurements. Coatings deposited using krypton gas, a 200 degreesC substrate temperature, and 0.45 Pa gas pressure also showed little variation when deposited at substrate biases ranging from -50 to -150 V. However, the tantalum coatings produced under similar conditions with an unbiased (floating) substrate were found to be the beta phase of the material and had a columnar microstructure. Beta-phase tantalum was produced at low substrate biases (from 0 to -50 V) when using Xe as the sputtering gas. Both phase and microstructure of the tantalum coating could be altered in mid-run by adjusting the sputtering parameters and appeared independent of the phase and microstructure of the underlying coating. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. USA, Armament Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Benet Labs, Watervliet, NY 12189 USA. RP Matson, DW (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 15 TC 21 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0257-8972 J9 SURF COAT TECH JI Surf. Coat. Technol. PD SEP-OCT PY 2001 VL 146 BP 344 EP 350 DI 10.1016/S0257-8972(01)01402-5 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 500DY UT WOS:000172611700052 ER PT J AU Kristo, DA Eliasson, AH Poropatich, RK Netzer, CM Bradley, JP Loube, DI Netzer, NC AF Kristo, DA Eliasson, AH Poropatich, RK Netzer, CM Bradley, JP Loube, DI Netzer, NC TI Telemedicine in the sleep laboratory: Feasibility and economic advantages of polysomnograms transferred online SO TELEMEDICINE JOURNAL AND E-HEALTH LA English DT Article ID APNEA SYNDROME; HEALTH-CARE; AUTO-CPAP; DIAGNOSIS; HOME; REMOTE; COST AB The costs for polysomnography (PSG) and alternative diagnostic procedures for sleep-disordered breathing are challenging public health care systems. We wanted to determine if a telemedicine protocol with online transfer of PSGs from a remote site could be cost-effective and clinically useful while improving patient access to full PSG. Fifty-nine PSGs were performed in 54 pulmonary patients with suspected sleep-disordered breathing at a remote hospital. The data were transferred by File Transfer Protocol (FTP) via the Internet to Walter Reed Army Medical Center (WRAMC) for scoring and interpretation. The results were faxed back to the remote hospital. Clinical utility was assessed by evaluating the reasons for patient referral and the resulting diagnoses. The economic benefits were calculated by comparing direct expenses of the telemedicine protocol with costs for contracting PSGs at outside sleep laboratories. A total of 93% (55) of all PSGs were transferred successfully online. Of the 54 patients, 47 had PSGs performed for diagnosis (including three split-night studies), 8 underwent treatment titration, and 1 patient had both overnight studies. Diagnoses were obstructive sleep apnea in 43 patients, central sleep apnea in 2, and upper airway resistance syndrome in 2. The disease conditions were defined as severe in 27 patients, moderate in 12 patients, and mild in 8 patients. Each PSG cost $700 (including costs for lost transmissions) compared to $1,250 for referral to a private sleep laboratory. A savings of $550 per study was realized with the telemedicine protocol. The online transfer of PSGs from a remote site to a centralized sleep laboratory is technically feasible and clinically useful. Telemedicine offers an effective alternative for cost reduction in sleep medicine while improving patient access to specialized care in remote areas. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Pulm & Crit Care Med Serv, Sleep Disorders Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. USA, Med Res & Dev Command, Ft Detrick, MD USA. William Beaumont Army Med Ctr, Pulm & Crit Care Med Serv, El Paso, TX 79920 USA. Virginia Mason Univ, Med Ctr, Sleep Disorders Ctr, Seattle, WA USA. RP Eliasson, AH (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Pulm & Crit Care Med Serv, Sleep Disorders Ctr, 6900 Georgia Ave, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 20 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 1530-5627 J9 TELEMED J E-HEALTH JI Telemed. J. e-Health PD FAL PY 2001 VL 7 IS 3 BP 219 EP 224 DI 10.1089/153056201316970911 PG 6 WC Health Care Sciences & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA 467EZ UT WOS:000170690600002 PM 11564357 ER PT J AU Hill, HR Oliver, CK Lippert, LE Greenwalt, TJ Hess, JR AF Hill, HR Oliver, CK Lippert, LE Greenwalt, TJ Hess, JR TI Comparison of RBCs stored in plasticized PVC versus polyolefin bags SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. Hoxworth Blood Ctr, Cincinnati, OH USA. Univ Maryland, Med Ctr, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC BLOOD BANKS PI BETHESDA PA 8101 GLENBROOK RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2749 USA SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD SEP PY 2001 VL 41 IS 9 SU S BP 65S EP 65S PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 472TV UT WOS:000171001800246 ER PT J AU Bolan, CD Greer, SE Cecco, SA Oblitas, JM Rehak, NN Leitman, SF AF Bolan, CD Greer, SE Cecco, SA Oblitas, JM Rehak, NN Leitman, SF TI Comprehensive analysis of citrate effects during plateletpheresis in normal donors SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Article ID THERAPEUTIC PLASMA-EXCHANGE; PARATHYROID-HORMONE; IONIZED CALCIUM; PLATELETAPHERESIS; INFUSION AB BACKGROUND: Although plateletpheresis procedures are generally well tolerated, the clinical and metabolic consequences associated with rapid infusion of up to 10 g of citrate are underappreciated, and a comprehensive description of these events is not available. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Clinical and laboratory changes were studied in seven healthy donors undergoing three 90-minute plateletpheresis procedures each, at continuous, fixed citrate infusion rates of 1.1, 1.4, and 1.6 mg per kg per minute. RESULTS: Serum citrate levels increased markedly with increasing citrate infusion rates and did not achieve a stable plateau. As citrate infusion rates increased, the total volume processed and platelet yields also increased, but donor symptoms became more severe. Ionized calcium (iCa) and ionized magnesium (iMg) concentrations decreased markedly, by 33 and 39 percent below baseline, respectively, at a citrate rate of 1.6 mg per kg per minute. Intact parathyroid hormone levels were higher at 30 minutes than at later time points, despite progressive decreases in iCa and iMg. Urine citrate, calcium, magnesium, sodium, and potassium concentrations and urine pH values increased markedly during all procedures. CONCLUSION: Marked, progressive increases in serum citrate levels occur during plateletpheresis, accompanied by symptomatic decreases in iCa and iMg, with significantly increased renal excretion of calcium, magnesium, and citrate. C1 NIH, Dept Transfus Med, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NIH, Dept Lab Med, Warren Grant Magnuson Clin Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Bolan, CD (reprint author), NIH, Dept Transfus Med, Bldg 10,Room 1C711,10 Ctr Dr,MSC 1184, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NR 18 TC 42 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC BLOOD BANKS PI BETHESDA PA 8101 GLENBROOK RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2749 USA SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD SEP PY 2001 VL 41 IS 9 BP 1165 EP 1171 DI 10.1046/j.1537-2995.2001.41091165.x PG 7 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 472TD UT WOS:000171000300015 PM 11552076 ER PT J AU Heppner, DG Cummings, JF Ockenhouse, C Kester, KE Lyon, JA Gordon, DM AF Heppner, DG Cummings, JF Ockenhouse, C Kester, KE Lyon, JA Gordon, DM TI New World monkey efficacy trials for malaria vaccine development: critical path or detour? SO TRENDS IN PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM MALARIA; MEROZOITE SURFACE PROTEIN-1; AOTUS MONKEYS; CIRCUMSPOROZOITE VACCINE; TERMINAL FRAGMENT; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; OWL MONKEYS; ANTIGEN; STAGE; IMMUNOGENICITY AB Neither GMP malaria antigens nor GMP vaccines have been com pared for efficacy in monkeys and humans. It is too risky to base categorical (go/no go) development decisions on results obtained using partially characterized (non-GMP) antigens, adjuvants that are too toxic for human use or unvalidated primate models. Such practices will lead to serious errors (e.g. failure to identify and stop flawed efforts, rejection of effective vaccine strategies) and unjustifiable delays. Successful malaria vaccine development will emphasize definitive field trials in populations at risk of malaria to define and improve vaccine efficacy. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Malaria Vaccine Program, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Heppner, DG (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Malaria Vaccine Program, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RI Kester, Kent/A-2114-2011 OI Kester, Kent/0000-0002-5056-0802 NR 52 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1471-4922 J9 TRENDS PARASITOL JI Trends Parasitol. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 17 IS 9 BP 419 EP 425 PG 7 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 468JN UT WOS:000170754500007 PM 11530353 ER PT J AU Sun, L Gancarczyk, K Paquette, EL McLeod, DG Kane, C Kusuda, L Lance, R Herring, J Foley, J Baldwin, D Bishoff, JT Soderdahl, D Wu, HY Xu, L Moul, JW AF Sun, L Gancarczyk, K Paquette, EL McLeod, DG Kane, C Kusuda, L Lance, R Herring, J Foley, J Baldwin, D Bishoff, JT Soderdahl, D Wu, HY Xu, L Moul, JW TI Introduction to Department of Defense Center for Prostate Disease Research Multicenter National Prostate Cancer Database, and analysis of changes in the PSA-era SO UROLOGIC ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st Annual Midwinter Meeting of the Society-of-Urologic-Oncology CY DEC 01-02, 2000 CL BETHESDA, MARYLAND SP Soc Urol Oncol DE prostate cancer; database; epidemiology; disease-free survival ID RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY; PROGNOSTIC VARIABLES; CAPSURE DATABASE; TRENDS; MORTALITY; RATES AB The Center for Prostate Disease Research (CPDR) database was developed to standardize the clinical procedures for patients with carcinoma of the prostate (CaP), and support retrospective and prospective studies on CaP within the military health care system. METHODS: A set of clinical forms recording diagnosis, treatments, follow-up, and necropsy information for CaP management was developed. A relational database with about 500 data fields for recording CaP status, clinical intervention and outcome was developed and installed in nine military facilities. As a demonstration of utility, the ages at diagnosis and death from CaP over the past 15 years were analyzed. RESULTS: As of the end of November 2000, the database has archived 242,227 records on 11,637 men. The mean number of follow-up visits per patient is presently 8.45 (98,323 total follow-up visits). A greater than 50% reduction in prostate cancer mortality was demonstrated. Dead/alive ratio is 21.1%. Prostate cancer specific mortality represents 30.1% of the total death population. The mean age at diagnosis decreased from 68.0 years in 1991 to 64.7 in 1999 (p<0.05). The age at death increased from 68.8 years before 1986 to 78.0 in 2000 (p<0.01). Mean surviving months between diagnosis and death is increased from 33.2 months before 1986 to 108.2 in 2000 (p<0.01). CONCLUSION: The CPDR database is suitable for analyzing epidemiological features of CaP, treatment efficacy, and for monitoring the quality of life of CaP patients. CaP detection and outcome is significantly improved in our military health care beneficiaries since the introduction of PSA and increased public awareness. Our goal is to accrue 20,000 men and follow them for 20 years. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science, Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. San Diego Naval Med Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. Portsmouth Naval Med Ctr, Portsmouth, Hants, England. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Bethesda, MD USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Malcolm Grow Med Ctr, Andrews AFB, MD USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Ft Gordon, GA USA. RP Moul, JW (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, 1530 E Jefferson St, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. EM jmoul@cpdr.org NR 20 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1078-1439 J9 UROL ONCOL JI Urol. Oncol. PD SEP-OCT PY 2001 VL 6 IS 5 BP 203 EP 209 DI 10.1016/S1078-1439(01)00145-4 PG 7 WC Oncology; Urology & Nephrology SC Oncology; Urology & Nephrology GA 471GZ UT WOS:000170921600008 ER PT J AU Liffrig, JR AF Liffrig, JR TI Clinical updates in wilderness medicine - Phototrauma prevention SO WILDERNESS & ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID SUN PROTECTION; SKIN-CANCER; SUNSCREENS; NEOPLASIA AB In response to an alarming increase in skin cancer rates, much work is being done to find causes, identify populations at risk, and appropriately modify behaviors and protective strategies. The causes of nonmelanoma and melanoma skin cancers are multifactorial, however, the evidence implicating ultraviolet radiation as a major factor is mounting. Sunlight consists of four important wavelengths. Two of them, UVA and UVB, are the most harmful because they cause direct cellular trauma and immunologic suppression. Sunburn is a delayed prostaglandin-mediated erythema that implies severe damage to DNA in a cumulative fashion. Avoidance recommendations include activity planning strategies, apparel choices, and sunscreen use. Clothing is generally protective and hats should cover highly exposed areas. Special apparel products incorporate UV protection into the fabric and offer an additional strategy for workers and enthusiasts who frequently venture into the outdoors. A sunscreen is a topical agent that provides protection against UV radiation. Specifics of sunscreen classification and labeling by the Food and Drug Administration are covered in this article, along with selection and application strategies for outdoor adventurers and travelers. Whereas ultraviolet radiation avoidance and sunscreen use are vital, public education will remain the cornerstone of an effective plan to reduce skin cancer rates. RP Liffrig, JR (reprint author), 138 Martin Dr, Ft Bragg, NC 28307 USA. NR 15 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILDERNESS MEDICAL SOC PI COLORADO SPRINGS PA 3595 E FOUNTAIN BLVD, STE A1, COLORADO SPRINGS, CO 80910 USA SN 1080-6032 J9 WILD ENVIRON MED JI Wildern. Environ. Med. PD FAL PY 2001 VL 12 IS 3 BP 195 EP 200 DI 10.1580/1080-6032(2001)012[0195:PP]2.0.CO;2 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Sport Sciences GA 472KL UT WOS:000170982900006 PM 11562019 ER PT J AU Simonian, AL Grimsley, JK Flounders, AW Schoeniger, JS Cheng, TC DeFrank, JJ Wild, JR AF Simonian, AL Grimsley, JK Flounders, AW Schoeniger, JS Cheng, TC DeFrank, JJ Wild, JR TI Enzyme-based biosensor for the direct detection of fluorine-containing organophosphates SO ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE organophosphorus acid anhydrolase; OPAA; pH-FET; ENFET; biosensor; diisopropyl fluorophosphate; paraoxon; demeton-S ID RECOMBINANT ESCHERICHIA-COLI; NERVE AGENT DECONTAMINATION; IMMOBILIZED CHOLINESTERASES; PSEUDOMONAS-DIMINUTA; SENSITIVE DETECTION; BACTERIAL ENZYME; PESTICIDES; HYDROLASE; PHOSPHOTRIESTERASE; INSECTICIDES AB The ability of the enzyme organophosphorus acid anhydrolase (OPAA) to selectively hydrolyze the P-F bond of fluorine containing organophosphates has been used to develop a biosensor for specific detection of these compounds. Hydrolysis rate of diisopropyl fluorophosphate (DFP), paraoxon and demeton-S, by soluble and immobilized OPAA was measured. These compounds were selected as representative substrates of OPAA hydrolysis of P-F, P-O and P-S bonds, respectively. Results indicate that hydrolysis of phosphofluoridates such as DFP is dominant while hydrolysis of phosphotriesters such as paraoxon or of phosphothiolates such as demeton-S, is negligible. Two experimental approaches were used for biosensor development. In the first, OPAA was covalently immobilized on silica gel and used in batch-mode measurements with flat a ges due to P-X bond cleavage. In the second approach, the enzyme was covalently glass pH electrode to detect pH changes immobilized to the porous silica modified gate insulator of a pH-sensitive field effect transistor (pH-FET) and changes in pH relative to a second non-enzyme coated pH-FET were measured in stop-flow mode. Concentrations of DFP down to 25 muM with the glass electrode and 20 muM with the pH-FET were readily detected. No sensor response was observed with paraoxon or demeton-S indicating that such OPAA-based biosensors could be useful for direct and discriminative detection of fluorine containing organophosphorus neurotoxins (such as the G-type chemical warfare agents sarin GB and soman GD) in samples also containing multiple organophosphate pesticides. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Texas A&M Univ, Dept Biochem & Biophys, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Chem & Radiat Detect Lab, Livermore, CA USA. USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Livermore, CA USA. RP Simonian, AL (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Biochem & Biophys, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. NR 25 TC 62 Z9 62 U1 4 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0003-2670 J9 ANAL CHIM ACTA JI Anal. Chim. Acta PD AUG 31 PY 2001 VL 442 IS 1 BP 15 EP 23 DI 10.1016/S0003-2670(01)01131-X PG 9 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 467NB UT WOS:000170709700002 ER PT J AU Gibson, P Schreuder-Gibson, H Rivin, D AF Gibson, P Schreuder-Gibson, H Rivin, D TI Transport properties of porous membranes based on electrospun nanofibers SO COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International TRI/Princeton Workshop on Characterization of Porous Materials CY JUN 19-21, 2000 CL PRINCETON, NJ DE electrospinning; electrospun; porous; membrane; fiber ID DEPENDENT AIR PERMEABILITY AB Electrospinning is a process by which high voltages are used to produce an interconnected membrane-like web of small fibers (10-500 nm in diameter). This novel fiber spinning technique provides the capacity to lace together a variety of types of polymers, fibers, and particles to produce ultrathin layers. Of particular interest are electrospun membranes composed of elastomeric fibers, which are under development for several protective clothing applications. The various factors influencing electrospun nonwoven fribrous membrane structure and transport properties are discussed. Performance measurements on experimental electrospun fiber mats compare favorably with transport properties of textiles and membranes currently used in protective clothing systems. Electrospun layers present minimal impedance to moisture vapor diffusion required for evaporative cooling. There may be special considerations in the application of elastomeric membranes for protective clothing. Effects of membrane distortion upon transport behavior of the structure might be significant. Preliminary measurements have found that changes in elastomeric membrane structure under different states of biaxial strain were reflected in measurements of air flow through the membrane. Changes in membrane structure are also evident in environmental scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of the pore/fiber rearrangement as the membrane is stretched. Experimental measurements and theoretical calculations show electrospun fiber mats to be extremely efficient at trapping airborne particles. The high filtration efficiency is a direct result of the submicron-size fibers generated by the electrospinning process. Electrospun nanofiber coatings were applied directly to an open cell polyurethane foam. The air flow resistance and aerosol filtration properties correlate with the electrospun coating add-on weight. Particle penetration through the foam layer, which is normally very high, was eliminated by extremely thin layers of electrospun nanofibers sprayed on to the surface of the foam. Electrospun fiber coatings produce an exceptionally lightweight multifunctional membrane for protective clothing applications, which exhibits high breathability, elasticity, and filtration efficiency. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Soldier Syst Ctr, AMSSB, RSS,MS, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Gibson, P (reprint author), USA, Soldier Syst Ctr, AMSSB, RSS,MS, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM phil.gibson@natick.army.mil RI Gibson, Phillip/D-2398-2010 OI Gibson, Phillip/0000-0002-6172-4438 NR 25 TC 577 Z9 589 U1 35 U2 325 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-7757 J9 COLLOID SURFACE A JI Colloid Surf. A-Physicochem. Eng. Asp. PD AUG 31 PY 2001 VL 187 BP 469 EP 481 DI 10.1016/S0927-7757(01)00616-1 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 454AV UT WOS:000169951000042 ER PT J AU Elabd, YA Sloan, JM Tan, NB Barbari, TA AF Elabd, YA Sloan, JM Tan, NB Barbari, TA TI Effect of penetrant-polymer interactions on molecular diffusion in conformational isomers of a heterogeneous polymer SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID POLYURETHANE ELASTOMERS; DIISOCYANATE; MEDIA AB The diffusion of deuterated hexane in conformational isomers of a heterogeneous polymer, H12MDI (4,4'-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate)BD (1,4-butanediol)/PTMO (poly(tetramethylene oxide)), was investigated at a fixed hard segment content of 30 wt % and compared to the diffusion of acetonitrile. The effective diffusion coefficient of acetonitrile decreases with increasing trans-trans isomer content while that for deuterated hexane remains constant. These results suggest that the trend observed from acetonitrile diffusion is a function of penetrant-polymer interactions and not tortuosity effects. A model with penetrant-polymer binding to the surface of the dispersed hard segment domains of the heterogeneous polymer was developed to elucidate the main factors contributing to the interaction or hindrance effect, which were determined to be the "available" surface binding sites and the surface-to-volume ratio of the hard segment domains. FTIR-ATR spectroscopy was used to quantify this interaction effect, and SAXS was used to confirm the findings. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Chem Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Barbari, TA (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RI Elabd, Yossef/G-9866-2014 OI Elabd, Yossef/0000-0002-7790-9445 NR 34 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD AUG 28 PY 2001 VL 34 IS 18 BP 6268 EP 6273 DI 10.1021/ma002107c PG 6 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 466TN UT WOS:000170662100022 ER PT J AU Wraback, M Shen, H Carrano, JC Collins, CJ Campbell, JC Dupuis, RD Schurman, MJ Ferguson, IT AF Wraback, M Shen, H Carrano, JC Collins, CJ Campbell, JC Dupuis, RD Schurman, MJ Ferguson, IT TI Time-resolved electroabsorption measurement of the transient electron velocity overshoot in GaN SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MONTE-CARLO CALCULATION; AVALANCHE PHOTODIODES; WURTZITE GAN; TRANSPORT; PERFORMANCE AB A femtosecond time-resolved electroabsorption technique employing an AlGaN/GaN heterojunction p-i-n diode with a p-type AlGaN window layer and a semitransparent p contact has been used to measure the transient electron velocity overshoot in GaN. A peak transient electron velocity of 7.25x10(7) cm/s within the first 200 fs after photoexcitation has been observed at a field of 320 kV/cm. The increase in electron transit time across the device with increasing field beyond 320 kV/cm provides experimental evidence for a negative differential resistivity region of the steady-state velocity-field characteristic in this high field range. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, AMSRL SE EM, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. DARPA, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. Univ Texas, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Microelect Res Ctr, Austin, TX 78712 USA. EMCORE Corp, Somerset, NJ 08873 USA. RP Wraback, M (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, AMSRL SE EM, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 15 TC 48 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD AUG 27 PY 2001 VL 79 IS 9 BP 1303 EP 1305 DI 10.1063/1.1398318 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 465LQ UT WOS:000170590800027 ER PT J AU Cox, ED Hoffmann, SC DiMercurio, BS Wesley, RA Harlan, DM Kirk, AD Blair, PJ AF Cox, ED Hoffmann, SC DiMercurio, BS Wesley, RA Harlan, DM Kirk, AD Blair, PJ TI Cytokine polymorphic analyses indicate ethnic differences in the allelic distribution of interleukin-2 and interleukin-6 SO TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article ID NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; TRANSFORMING GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA-1 GENE; DEPENDENT DIABETES-MELLITUS; RENAL-ALLOGRAFT REJECTION; CORONARY HEART-DISEASE; INTERFERON-GAMMA; MYCOPHENOLATE-MOFETIL; RACIAL-DIFFERENCES; IL-2 PRODUCTION; BLOOD-PRESSURE AB Background. Polymorphisms in the regulatory regions of cytokine genes affect protein production and are associated with allograft outcome. Ethnic origin has been identified as a significant prognostic factor for several immune-mediated diseases and for outcome after allotransplantation. A clear relationship between cytokine polymorphisms and ethnicity has not been shown. Methods. One hundred sixty subjects including 102 whites and 43 African-Americans were studied. Using polymerase chain reaction-based assays and, in some cases, restriction enzyme digestion, we determined genetic polymorphisms for the cytokines interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, transforming growth factor-beta, and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). Genetic polymorphism. frequencies were then compared to ethnicity using chi-square analysis and Fisher's exact two-tailed tests. Results. For both the IL-2 and IL-6 genes, we found that whites and African-Americans differed significantly (P <0.05) in their allelic distribution and genotype frequency. A trend toward ethnic distribution was noted among the alleles and genotypes for the IL-10 and IFN-gamma genes. We found no correlation between ethnicity and either allelic distribution or genotype frequency for the tumor necrosis factor-alpha or transforming growth factor-beta genes. When comparisons were made between patients with or without a history of kidney failure, the allelic or genotypic distributions for the IL-6 and IFN-gamma genes were found to significantly differ. Conclusions. Our work demonstrates a correlation between ethnicity and polymorphisms in several cytokine genes. In addition, we found that patients requiring renal transplantation differ from the general population with regard to certain cytokine gene polymorphisms. These findings may have relevance in making prognostic determinations or tailoring immunomodulatory regimens after renal transplantation. C1 NIDDKD, Natl Naval Med Ctr, Navy Transplantat & Autoimmun Branch, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NIDDKD, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Blair, PJ (reprint author), NIDDK, Natl Naval Med Ctr, Navy Transplantat & Autoimmun Branch, Bldg 46,Room 2421,8901 Wisconsin Ave, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. RI Kirk, Allan/B-6905-2012; e-, a/F-9947-2012 NR 61 TC 117 Z9 121 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0041-1337 J9 TRANSPLANTATION JI Transplantation PD AUG 27 PY 2001 VL 72 IS 4 BP 720 EP 726 DI 10.1097/00007890-200108270-00027 PG 7 WC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation SC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation GA 472DP UT WOS:000170968400027 PM 11544437 ER PT J AU Peterson, RB Vanderhoff, JA AF Peterson, RB Vanderhoff, JA TI Analysis of a bayonet-type counterflow heat exchanger with axial conduction and radiative heat loss SO NUMERICAL HEAT TRANSFER PART A-APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article AB A counterflow heat exchanger model, based on a bayonet-type configuration, has been developed for predicting the performance of small-scale thermal systems. The purpose of the model is to predict how well a counterflow heat exchanger works for isolating high temperatures for devices that might act as miniature combustors, fuel reformers, or micro-reactors. Three thermal loss mechanisms are considered: (1) flow loss due to nonunity effectiveness, (2) thermal conduction along the axial direction, and (3) radiation surface loss to the surroundings. A set of three coupled differential equations were developed for modeling the heat exchanger: one for each of two fluid streams and one for the wall temperature, all as a function of axial position. The wall equation contains a highly nonlinear term linked to radiation surface loss. This study differs from past investigations in several ways. First, the boundary conditions model is a heat exchanger attached to a substrate at ambient temperature and with a hot end free to assume a temperature halfway between the two fluid temperatures. Next, surface radiation is explicitly included to capture heat loss at elevated temperatures. Finally, an implicit method is described that is capable of solving the set of coupled, nonlinear equations. The results of the study are presented in the form of a normalized heat loss term having contributions from the three loss mechanisms. Both conduction and surface radiation losses are shown to be significant in small-scale, high-temperature heat exchangers. For microthermal systems based on the bayonet-type of temperature isolation, this study demonstrates the need for low thermal conductivity materials as well as low effective surface emissivities. C1 Oregon State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Peterson, RB (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, 204 Rogers Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. NR 9 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 4 PU HEMISPHERE PUBL CORP PI BRISTOL PA 1900 FROST ROAD, SUITE 101, BRISTOL, PA 19007-1598 USA SN 1040-7782 J9 NUMER HEAT TR A-APPL JI Numer. Heat Tranf. A-Appl. PD AUG 24 PY 2001 VL 40 IS 3 BP 203 EP 219 PG 17 WC Thermodynamics; Mechanics SC Thermodynamics; Mechanics GA 472WQ UT WOS:000171008300001 ER PT J AU Ales, N Flynn, J Byrd, JC AF Ales, N Flynn, J Byrd, JC TI Novel presentation of acute myelogenous leukemia as symptomatic galactorrhea SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Letter ID EXPRESSION; PROLACTIN; CELLS C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Ales, N (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 4 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 USA SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD AUG 21 PY 2001 VL 135 IS 4 BP 303 EP 304 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 465KE UT WOS:000170587500019 PM 11511155 ER PT J AU Videen, G Prabhu, DR Davies, M Gonzalez, F Moreno, F AF Videen, G Prabhu, DR Davies, M Gonzalez, F Moreno, F TI Light scattering fluctuations of a soft spherical particle containing an inclusion SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID CONGLOMERATE PARTICLES; ANGULAR-CORRELATIONS; DEFORMED DROPLETS; STATISTICS AB We numerically calculate the light scattering intensity fluctuations and the cross-polarization intensity fluctuations of optically soft spherical particles containing an eccentrically located spherical particle. In all cases the magnitude of the signals tends to increase with particle asymmetry. Such a system approximates a biological cell in solution. (C) 2001 Optical Society of America. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Oracle Corp, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA. Clark Atlanta Univ, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA. Univ Cantabria, Dept Fis Aplicada, Grp Opt, E-39005 Santander, Spain. RP Videen, G (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM gvideen@arl.army.mil NR 16 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD AUG 20 PY 2001 VL 40 IS 24 BP 4054 EP 4057 DI 10.1364/AO.40.004054 PG 4 WC Optics SC Optics GA 464QM UT WOS:000170543300012 PM 18360441 ER PT J AU Weyrauch, T Vorontsov, MA Bifano, TG Hammer, JA Cohen, M Cauwenberghs, G AF Weyrauch, T Vorontsov, MA Bifano, TG Hammer, JA Cohen, M Cauwenberghs, G TI Microscale adaptive optics: wave-front control with a mu-mirror array and a VLSI stochastic gradient descent controller SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID MICROELECTROMECHANICAL DEFORMABLE MIRRORS; PHASE-DISTORTION CORRECTION; OPTIMIZATION; SYSTEMS AB The performance of adaptive systems that consist of microscale on-chip elements [microelectromechanical mirror (V-mirror) arrays and a VLSI stochastic gradient descent microelectronic control system] is analyzed. The mu -mirror arrays with 5 X 5 and 6 X 6 actuators were driven with a control system composed of two mixed-mode VLSI chips implementing model-free beam-quality metric optimization by the stochastic parallel perturbative gradient descent technique. The adaptation rate achieved was near 6000 iterations/s. A secondary (learning) feedback loop was used to control system parameters during the adaptation process, further increasing the adaptation rate. (C) 2001 Optical Society of America. C1 USA, Res Lab, Computat & Informat Sci Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Boston Univ, Dept Mfg Engn, Brookline, MA 02446 USA. MEMS Opt Inc, Huntsville, AL 35806 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP Weyrauch, T (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Computat & Informat Sci Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM mvorontsov@arl.army.mil RI Bifano, Thomas/E-6412-2013 OI Bifano, Thomas/0000-0003-4952-2515 NR 20 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 3 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD AUG 20 PY 2001 VL 40 IS 24 BP 4243 EP 4253 DI 10.1364/AO.40.004243 PG 11 WC Optics SC Optics GA 464QM UT WOS:000170543300033 PM 18360462 ER PT J AU Hoelscher, M Kim, B Maboko, L Mhalu, F von Sonnenburg, F Birx, DL McCutchan, FE AF Hoelscher, M Kim, B Maboko, L Mhalu, F von Sonnenburg, F Birx, DL McCutchan, FE CA UNAIDS Network HIV Isolation Chara TI High proportion of unrelated HIV-1 intersubtype recombinants in the Mbeya region of southwest Tanzania SO AIDS LA English DT Article DE HIV subtypes; full-length sequences; recombination; dual infection; Tanzania ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; LONG TERMINAL REPEAT; GENETIC-ANALYSIS; DRUG-USERS; SUBTYPE-G; SEQUENCE; TRANSMISSION; DIVERSITY; THAILAND; ENV AB Background: In Mbeya, a rural region of southwest Tanzania, HIV-1 subtypes A, C and D have been co-circulating since the early 1990s. Objective: To define to what extent the co-existence of subtypes has led to recombinant HIV-1 strains and whether there is evidence for epidemic spread of any circulating recombinant form. Methods: Nine HIV-1-seropositive young adults from Mbeya Town with no evident high-risk behaviour contributed peripheral blood mononuclear cells for this study. Nine virtually full-length-genome-sequences were amplified from this DNA and phylogenetically analysed. Results: Out of the nine samples, two were subtype A (22%), two were subtype C (22%) and five were recombinants (56%): four A/C recombinants and one C/D recombinant. None of the recombinants were related to each other; all of them had different mosaic structures. Most of the genome in the recombinants was subtype C. Conclusion: A high proportion of unrelated intersubtype recombinants, none of them apparently spreading in the population, may be present in southwest Tanzania. (C) 2001 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. C1 Univ Munich, Dept Infect Dis & Trop Med, Munich, Germany. Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD USA. Univ Dar Es Salaam, Muhimbili Univ, Coll Hlth Sci, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Rockville, MD USA. RP McCutchan, FE (reprint author), 1 Taft Court, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. RI Hoelscher, Michael/D-3436-2012 NR 41 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0269-9370 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD AUG 17 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 12 BP 1461 EP 1470 DI 10.1097/00002030-200108170-00002 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 463KA UT WOS:000170474300002 PM 11504977 ER PT J AU Renzullo, PO Sateren, WB Garner, RP Milazzo, MJ Birx, DL McNeil, JG AF Renzullo, PO Sateren, WB Garner, RP Milazzo, MJ Birx, DL McNeil, JG TI HIV-1 seroconversion in United States Army active duty personnel, 1985-1999 SO AIDS LA English DT Article DE HIV-1 epidemiology; incidence; military; risk factors; surveillance ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; YOUNG-ADULTS; INFECTION; MEN; RISK; COHORT; TRENDS AB Objective: To monitor HIV-1 infection trends among United States Army personnel, a predominantly young population group, tested between 1985 and 1999 for HIV-1 infection. Design: Demographic correlates of HIV-1 infection were assessed in the cohort via epidemiologic analysis. Methods: Annual seroconversion incidence rates were calculated per 1000 person-years (PY) of follow-up. Poisson regression was used to assess demographic correlates of HIV-1 seroconversion risk. Results: There were 1275 seroconverters among 2 004 903 active duty Army personnel accounting for 7 700 231 PY of follow-up. The HIV-1 incidence rate (IR) was 0.17/1000 PY [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.16-0.17]. The highest IR was observed in the first year of testing (IR, 0.43/1000 PY; 95% Cl, 0.33-0.52). The IR for male and female soldiers was 0.18/1000 PY and 0.08/1000 PY, respectively. HIV-1 incidence declined with age. Significant risk of HIV-1 seroconversion was associated with age [> 30 years old relative risk (RR), 1.51], race (Black RR, 4.61; Hispanic RR, 2.76), gender (male RR, 3.12), marital status (unmarried RR, 2.01) and rank (enlisted RR, 2.50). Conclusions: HIV-1 seroconversions in the US Army have been low and stable since the early 1990s. Continued HIV-1 incidence surveillance in the US Army provides information on the status of the epidemic in the Army, as well as important corroborative data on HIV-1 infections throughout the US. (C) 2001 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. C1 Henry M Jackson Fdn, US Mil HIV Res Program, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, US Mil HIV Res Program, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. RP Renzullo, PO (reprint author), Henry M Jackson Fdn, US Mil HIV Res Program, 1 Taft Court,Suite 250, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. NR 18 TC 13 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0269-9370 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD AUG 17 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 12 BP 1569 EP 1574 DI 10.1097/00002030-200108170-00015 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 463KA UT WOS:000170474300015 PM 11504990 ER PT J AU Ringel, MD Hayre, N Saito, J Saunier, B Schuppert, F Burch, H Bernet, V Burman, KD Kohn, LD Saji, M AF Ringel, MD Hayre, N Saito, J Saunier, B Schuppert, F Burch, H Bernet, V Burman, KD Kohn, LD Saji, M TI Overexpression and overactivation of Akt in thyroid carcinoma SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID PROTEIN-KINASE-B; HORMONE-INDEPENDENT PROLIFERATION; HEPATOCYTE GROWTH-FACTOR; HUMAN PANCREATIC-CANCER; CELL-SURVIVAL; TUMOR-SUPPRESSOR; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; PHOSPHOINOSITIDE 3-KINASE; DUCTAL ADENOCARCINOMAS; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION AB Enhanced activation of Akt occurs in Cowden's disease, an inherited syndrome of follicular thyroid, breast, colon, and skin tumors, via inactivation of its regulatory protein, PTEN. Whereas PTEN inactivation is uncommon in sporadic thyroid cancer, activation of growth factor pathways that signal through Akt is frequently identified. We hypothesized that Akt overactivation could be a common finding in sporadic thyroid cancer and might be important in thyroid cancer biology. We examined thyroid cancer cells lines and benign and malignant thyroid tissue for total Akt activation and isoform-specific Akt expression. In thyroid cancer cells, Akt 1, 2, and 3 proteins were expressed, total Akt was activated by insulin phosphatidylinositol 3 ' -kinase, and inhibition of phosphatidylinositol 3 ' -kinase reduced cell viability. In human thyroid tissue, increased levels of phosphorylated total Akt were identified in follicular but not papillary cancers compared with normal tissue. Levels of Akt I and 2 proteins and Akt 2 RNA were elevated only in the follicular cancers. In paired samples, Akt 1, 2, 3, and phospho-Akt levels were higher in five of six cancers, including three of three follicular cancers. These data suggest that Akt activation may play a role in the pathogenesis or progression of sporadic thyroid cancer. C1 Washington Hosp Ctr, Mol Endocrinol Lab, Endocrinol Sect, Washington, DC 20010 USA. MedStar Res Inst, Washington, DC 20010 USA. Ohio Univ, Athens, OH 45701 USA. Edison Biotechnol Inst, Athens, OH 45701 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20037 USA. Hosp Bad Oeynhausen, Dept Internal Med 2, D-32545 Bad Oeynhausen, Germany. RP Ringel, MD (reprint author), Washington Hosp Ctr, Mol Endocrinol Lab, Endocrinol Sect, 110 Irving St NW,Room 2A-46B, Washington, DC 20010 USA. RI Saji, Motoyasu/E-4007-2011 NR 59 TC 212 Z9 226 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI BIRMINGHAM PA PO BOX 11806, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35202 USA SN 0008-5472 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD AUG 15 PY 2001 VL 61 IS 16 BP 6105 EP 6111 PG 7 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 464EW UT WOS:000170521100028 PM 11507060 ER PT J AU Zhou, H Derby, JJ AF Zhou, H Derby, JJ TI An assessment of a parallel, finite element method for three-dimensional, moving-boundary flows driven by capillarity for simulation of viscous sintering SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN FLUIDS LA English DT Article DE finite element method; moving boundary; surface tension; viscous sintering ID FREE-SURFACE FLOWS; COMPUTATIONAL FLUID-DYNAMICS; INCOMPRESSIBLE FLUIDS; STOKES PROBLEM; 3 DIMENSIONS; SHEAR-FLOW; TENSION; FORMULATION; DEFORMATION; PARTICLES AB A parallel, finite element method is presented for the computation of three-dimensional, free-surface flows where surface tension effects are significant. The method employs an unstructured tetrahedral mesh, a front-tracking arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian formulation, and fully implicit time integration. Interior mesh motion is accomplished via pseudo-solid mesh deformation. Surface tension effects are incorporated directly into the momentum equation boundary conditions using surface identities that circumvent the need to compute second derivatives of the surface shape, resulting in a robust representation of capillary phenomena. Sample results are shown for the viscous sintering of glassy ceramic particles. The most serious performance issue is error arising from mesh distortion when boundary motion is significant. This effect can be severe enough to stop the calculations; some simple strategies for improving performance are tested. Copyright (C) 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 Univ Minnesota, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Army HPC Res Ctr, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Univ Minnesota, Minnesota Supercomp Inst, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Derby, JJ (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Army HPC Res Ctr, 421 Washington Ave SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. EM derby@tc.umn.edu RI Derby, Jeffrey/B-9706-2009; OI Derby, Jeffrey/0000-0001-6418-2155 NR 67 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0271-2091 J9 INT J NUMER METH FL JI Int. J. Numer. Methods Fluids PD AUG 15 PY 2001 VL 36 IS 7 BP 841 EP 867 DI 10.1002/fld.159 PG 27 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Computer Science; Mathematics; Mechanics; Physics GA 461TP UT WOS:000170379800004 ER PT J AU Ryan, MAK Gray, GC Malasig, MD Binn, LN Asher, LV Cute, D Kehl, SC Dunn, BE Yund, AJ AF Ryan, MAK Gray, GC Malasig, MD Binn, LN Asher, LV Cute, D Kehl, SC Dunn, BE Yund, AJ TI Two fatal cases of adenovirus-related illness in previously healthy young adults - Illinois, 2000 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 50, pg 553, 2001) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. Naval Hosp, Great Lakes, IL USA. Med Coll Wisconsin, Froedtert Mem Lutheran Hosp, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. Dept Vet Affairs, Clement J Zablocki Med Ctr, Milwaukee, WI USA. USN, Bur Med & Surg, Washington, DC USA. CDC, Resp & Enter Viruses Br, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Ryan, MAK (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. NR 1 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD AUG 15 PY 2001 VL 286 IS 7 BP 782 EP 783 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 462PU UT WOS:000170429600010 ER PT J AU Merino, ME Navid, F Christensen, BL Toretsky, JA Helman, LJ Cheung, NKV Mackall, CL AF Merino, ME Navid, F Christensen, BL Toretsky, JA Helman, LJ Cheung, NKV Mackall, CL TI Immunomagnetic purging of Ewing's sarcoma from blood and bone marrow: Quantitation by real-time polymerase chain reaction SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MINIMAL RESIDUAL DISEASE; PEDIATRIC SOLID TUMORS; HIGH-DOSE THERAPY; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD; PROGENITOR CELLS; RT-PCR; NEUROECTODERMAL TUMOR; TRANSPLANTATION; CHEMOTHERAPY; EXPRESSION AB Purpose: A propensity for hematogenous spread with resulting contamination of autologous cell products complicates cellular therapies for Ewing's sarcoma. We used a new approach to purge artificially contaminated cellular specimens of Ewing's sarcoma and show the capacity for real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to quantify the contamination level of Ewing's sarcoma in such specimens. Patients and Methods: Binding of monoclonal antibody (MoAb) 8H9 to Ewing's sarcoma cell lines and normal hematopoietic cells was studied using flow cytometry. Using real-time PCR-based amplification of t(11;22), levels of Ewing's contamination of experimental and clinical cellular products were monitored. Purging was accomplished using immunomagnetic-based depletion. Monitoring of the function of residual hematopoietic progenitors and T cells was performed using functional assays. Results: MoAb 8H9 shows binding to Ewing's sarcoma but spares normal hematopoietic tissues. Nested real-time PCR is capable of detecting contaminating Ewing's sarcoma cells with a sensitivity of one cell in 10(6) normal cells. After 8H9-based purging, a 2- to 3-log reduction in contaminating Ewing's sarcoma was shown by real-time PCR, with purging to PCR negativity at levels of contamination of 1:10(6). Levels of contamination in clinical samples ranged from 1:10(5) to 10(6). Therefore, 8H9-based purging of clinical samples is predicted to reduce tumor cell contamination to a level below the limit of detection of PCR. Conclusion: These results demonstrate a new approach for purging contaminated cellular products of Ewing's sarcoma and demonstrate the capacity of realtime PCR to provide accurate quantitative estimates of circulating tumor burden in this disease. J Clin Oncol 19:3649-3659. (C) 2001 by American Society of Clinical Oncology. C1 NCI, Pediat Oncol Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Dept Pediat, New York, NY 10021 USA. RP Merino, ME (reprint author), NCI, Pediat Oncol Branch, NIH, 9000 Rockville Pk, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NR 44 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0732-183X J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD AUG 15 PY 2001 VL 19 IS 16 BP 3649 EP 3659 PG 11 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 462ZZ UT WOS:000170453500007 PM 11504746 ER PT J AU Shea-Donohue, T Sullivan, C Finkelman, FD Madden, KB Morris, SC Goldhill, J Pineiro-Carrero, V Urban, JF AF Shea-Donohue, T Sullivan, C Finkelman, FD Madden, KB Morris, SC Goldhill, J Pineiro-Carrero, V Urban, JF TI The role of IL-4 in Heligmosomoides polygyrus-induced alterations in murine intestinal epithelial cell function SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID IGE RESPONSES; INVIVO; SECRETION; RECEPTOR; ANTIBODY; MODEL; STAT6 AB IL-4 and IL-13 promote gastrointestinal worm expulsion, at least in part, through effects on nonlymphoid cells, such as intestinal epithelial cells. The role of IL-4/IL-13 in the regulation of intestinal epithelial function during Heligmosomoides polygyrus (Hp) infection was investigated in BALB/c mice infected with Hp or treated with a long-lasting formulation of recombinant mouse IL-4/alpha IL-4 complexes (IL-4C) for 7 days. Separate groups of BALB/c mice were drug-cured of initial infection and later reinfected and treated with anti-IL-4R mAb, an antagonist of IL-4 and IL-13 receptor binding, or with a control mAb. Segments of jejunum were mounted in Ussing chambers, and short circuit current responses to acetylcholine, histamine, serotonin, PGE(2), and glucose were determined. Although only modest changes in epithelial cell function were observed during primary Hp infection, IL-4C or a secondary Hp infection each induced more dramatic changes, including increased mucosal permeability, reduced sodium-linked glucose absorption, and increased Cl- secretory response to PGE(2). Some, but not all, effects of IL-4C and Hp infection were dependent on enteric nerves. Hp-induced changes in epithelial function were attenuated or prevented by anti-IL-4R mAb. Thus, IL-4/IL-13 mediate many of the effects of Hp infection on intestinal epithelial cell function and do so both through direct effects on epithelial cells and through indirect, enteric nerve-mediated prosecretory effects. These immune system-independent effector functions of IL-4/IL-13 may be important for host protection against gastrointestinal nematodes. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Dept Med, Div Immunol, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Pediat, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. USDA ARS, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Immunol & Dis Resistance Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Shea-Donohue, T (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. OI Urban, Joseph/0000-0002-1590-8869 FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI35987-06] NR 22 TC 88 Z9 92 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD AUG 15 PY 2001 VL 167 IS 4 BP 2234 EP 2239 PG 6 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 471VP UT WOS:000170949600052 PM 11490010 ER PT J AU Cohn, MA Frankel, SS Rugpao, S Young, MA Willett, G Tovanabutra, S Khamboonruang, C VanCott, T Bhoopat, L Barrick, S Fox, C Quinn, TC Vahey, M Nelson, KE Weissman, D AF Cohn, MA Frankel, SS Rugpao, S Young, MA Willett, G Tovanabutra, S Khamboonruang, C VanCott, T Bhoopat, L Barrick, S Fox, C Quinn, TC Vahey, M Nelson, KE Weissman, D TI Chronic inflammation with increased human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) RNA expression in the vaginal epithelium of HIV-infected Thai women SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections CY FEB 04-08, 2001 CL CHICAGO, ILLINOIS ID SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED DISEASES; LANGERHANS CELL TROPISM; BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS; RISK-FACTORS; TYPE-1 RNA; MALE TRANSMISSION; RHESUS MACAQUES; FEMALE; PLASMA; COMPARTMENTALIZATION AB Thai residents have a greater risk of heterosexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) than do US residents. To analyze host factors associated with heterosexual transmission, vaginal epithelial biopsies from HIV-seropositive Thai and US women were evaluated for tissue virus load and histologic makeup. In all, 84% of Thai and 14% of US women exhibited a chronic inflammatory T cell infiltrate in the vaginal epithelium. In Thai tissue, the infiltrate was associated with elevated levels of HIV RNA in the epidermis. Uninfected Thai women also had vaginal epithelial inflammation. Inflammation did not correlate with sexually transmitted diseases or HIV disease stage. The higher rates and increased risk of heterosexual transmission in Thailand may be due to chronic inflammation at the site where the virus is transmitted, which leads to the accumulation of activated T cells. Such cells might act as targets for initial viral infection and subsequently as reservoirs that support efficient transmission. C1 Univ Penn, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NIAID, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Res Scholars Program, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, Rockville, MD USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn Adv Mil Med, Rockville, MD USA. Mol Histol Lab, Gaithersburg, MD USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Div Infect Dis, Baltimore, MD USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Hyg & Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. Georgetown Univ, Dept Infect Dis, Washington, DC USA. Georgetown Univ, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Washington, DC USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Infect & Parasit Dis Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. Chiang Mai Univ, Res Inst Hlth Sci, Chiang Mai 50000, Thailand. RP Weissman, D (reprint author), Univ Penn, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, 536 Johnson Pavil, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-62060]; NIAID NIH HHS [AI-45318, AI-35173] NR 35 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD AUG 15 PY 2001 VL 184 IS 4 BP 410 EP 417 DI 10.1086/322780 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 456WA UT WOS:000170104700004 PM 11471098 ER PT J AU Kan, RK Pleva, CM Backof, DR Hamilton, TA Petrali, JP AF Kan, RK Pleva, CM Backof, DR Hamilton, TA Petrali, JP TI Free-floating cryostat sections for immunoelectron microscopy: Bridging the gap from light to electron microscopy SO MICROSCOPY RESEARCH AND TECHNIQUE LA English DT Article DE immunocytochemistry; free-floating cryostat sections; skin; basement membrane proteins ID EPIDERMOLYSIS-BULLOSA; ANCHORING FIBRILS; BASEMENT-MEMBRANE; VII COLLAGEN; SKIN; DERMATOPATHOLOGY; LOCALIZATION; EPITOPES; ANTIGEN AB Frozen skin sections are routinely used for light microscopic immunohistochemical study of the skin basement membrane zone for two reasons: some skin basement membrane zone proteins are labile to routine chemical fixation, and skin is not amenable to vibratome sectioning. However, inherent limitations of conventional frozen sections, including compromised morphology and a requirement for glass slide-mounting, usually limit immunohistochemical study to the light microscopy level. In the present study, we introduce use of unfixed, free-floating cryostat sections for characterization of immunolocalizations of selected skin basement membrane proteins at both the light and electron microscopy level. The new procedure employs free-floating cryostat sections that can be processed as routine tissue specimens and can be subjected to a variety of special staining procedures including immunohistochemistry. Especially useful is the ease of progressive processing of the same tissue specimen from light microscopy to electron microscopy. In this regard, the method renders itself useful when results of immunolabeling experiments need to be elucidated quickly at histological and ultrastructural levels as required for diagnostic and accelerated investigative strategies. (C) 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc.(dagger). C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Div Comparat Med, Comparat Pathol Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Kan, RK (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Div Comparat Med, Comparat Pathol Branch, 3100 Ricketts Point Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 1059-910X J9 MICROSC RES TECHNIQ JI Microsc. Res. Tech. PD AUG 15 PY 2001 VL 54 IS 4 BP 246 EP 253 DI 10.1002/jemt.1136 PG 8 WC Anatomy & Morphology; Biology; Microscopy SC Anatomy & Morphology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Microscopy GA 463CY UT WOS:000170460300004 PM 11514980 ER PT J AU Guo, A Henry, M Salamo, GJ Segev, M Wood, GL AF Guo, A Henry, M Salamo, GJ Segev, M Wood, GL TI Fixing multiple waveguides induced by photorefractive solitons: directional couplers and beam splitters SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SCREENING SOLITONS; SPATIAL SOLITONS; WAVE-GUIDES; 2ND-HARMONIC GENERATION; Y-JUNCTIONS; MEDIA; DARK AB We show how to transform multiple real-time photorefractive solitons into permanent two-dimensional single-mode waveguides. impressed into the crystalline lattice of the host material. We experimentally demonstrate two specific configurations of such fixed multiple waveguides: directional couplers and multiple beam splitters. (C) 2001 Optical Society of America. C1 Univ Arkansas, Dept Phys, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Phys, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. Princeton Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. USA, Res Lab, AMSRL SE SO, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Guo, A (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Dept Phys, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. NR 20 TC 29 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 1 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 EI 1539-4794 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD AUG 15 PY 2001 VL 26 IS 16 BP 1274 EP 1276 DI 10.1364/OL.26.001274 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 462GC UT WOS:000170411500022 PM 18049584 ER PT J AU Kirk, AD Tadaki, DK Celniker, A Batty, DS Berning, JD Colonna, JO Cruzata, F Elster, EA Gray, GS Kampen, RL Patterson, NB Szklut, P Swanson, J Xu, H Harlan, DM AF Kirk, AD Tadaki, DK Celniker, A Batty, DS Berning, JD Colonna, JO Cruzata, F Elster, EA Gray, GS Kampen, RL Patterson, NB Szklut, P Swanson, J Xu, H Harlan, DM TI Induction therapy with monoclonal antibodies specific for CD80 and CD86 delays the onset of acute renal allograft rejection in non-human primates SO TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article ID TRANSPLANTATION TOLERANCE; GRAFT-SURVIVAL; CTLA4IG; DONOR; CD28; B7-1; COSTIMULATION; EXPRESSION; RECIPIENT; MODEL AB CD80 and CD86 (also known as B7-1 and B7-2, respectively) are both ligands for the T cell costimulatory receptors CD28 and CD152. Both CD80 and CD86 mediate T cell costimulation, and as such, have been studied for their role in promoting allograft rejection. In this study we demonstrate that administering monoclonal antibodies specific for these B7 ligands can delay the onset of acute renal allograft rejection in rhesus monkeys. The most durable effect results from simultaneous administration of both anti-B7 antibodies. The mechanism of action does not involve global depletion of T or B cells. Despite in vitro and in vivo evidence demonstrating the effectiveness of the anti-B7 antibodies in suppressing T cell responsiveness to alloantigen, their use does not result in durable tolerance. Prolonged therapy with murine anti-B7 antibodies is limited by the development of neutralizing antibodies, but that problem was avoided when humanized anti-B7 reagents are used. Most animals develop rejection and an alloantibody response although still on antibody therapy and before the development of a neutralizing antibody response. Anti-B7 antibody therapy may have use as an adjunctive agent for clinical allotransplantation, but using the dosing regimens we used, is not a tolerizing therapy in this nonhuman primate model. C1 NIDDK, Navy Transplantat & Autoimmun Branch, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Organ Transplant Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Genet Inst Wyeth Ayerst, Cambridge, MA 02140 USA. RP Kirk, AD (reprint author), Room 11S-219,Bldg 10,Center Dr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RI Kirk, Allan/B-6905-2012 FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI43900-01] NR 24 TC 96 Z9 102 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0041-1337 J9 TRANSPLANTATION JI Transplantation PD AUG 15 PY 2001 VL 72 IS 3 BP 377 EP 384 DI 10.1097/00007890-200108150-00005 PG 8 WC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation SC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation GA 465JZ UT WOS:000170587000005 PM 11502964 ER PT J AU Warden, DL Bleiberg, J Cameron, KL Ecklund, J Walter, J Sparling, MB Reeves, D Reynolds, KY Arciero, R AF Warden, DL Bleiberg, J Cameron, KL Ecklund, J Walter, J Sparling, MB Reeves, D Reynolds, KY Arciero, R TI Persistent prolongation of simple reaction time in sports concussion SO NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID BRAIN INJURY; HEAD-INJURY; RECOVERY; LONG AB A baseline computerized cognitive assessment was completed by 483 military cadets before their initial school year. Fourteen cadets concussed during physical education boxing were retested <1 hour after injury and again on return to full activity 4 days later. Compared with baseline testing, postinjury performance on simple reaction time and continuous performance tests was significantly slowed, even after cadets experienced resolution of physical symptoms and were cleared to resume full activity. These findings may be relevant to current concussion management guidelines. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Def & Vet Head Injury Program, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Natl Rehabil Hosp, Washington, DC USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Phys Educ, W Point, NY 10996 USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Orthoped, W Point, NY 10996 USA. USN Hosp, Camp Pendleton, CA USA. RP Warden, DL (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Def & Vet Head Injury Program, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 10 TC 101 Z9 101 U1 1 U2 9 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0028-3878 J9 NEUROLOGY JI Neurology PD AUG 14 PY 2001 VL 57 IS 3 BP 524 EP 526 PG 3 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 462FR UT WOS:000170410500032 PM 11502926 ER PT J AU Srivastava, AK Putnak, JR Lee, SH Hong, SP Moon, SB Barvir, DA Zhao, BT Olson, RA Kim, SO Yoo, WD Towle, AC Vaughn, DW Innis, BL Eckels, KH AF Srivastava, AK Putnak, JR Lee, SH Hong, SP Moon, SB Barvir, DA Zhao, BT Olson, RA Kim, SO Yoo, WD Towle, AC Vaughn, DW Innis, BL Eckels, KH TI A purified inactivated Japanese encephalitis virus vaccine made in vero cells SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE JE-PIV; Vero cells; vaccine ID PROTECTION; ANTIBODY; MICE AB A second generation, purified, inactivated vaccine (PIV) against Japanese encephalitis (JE) virus was produced and tested in mice where it was found to be highly immunogenic and protective. The JE-PIV was made from an attenuated strain of JE virus propagated in certified Vero cells. purified. and inactivated with formalin. Its manufacture followed current GMP guidelines for the production of biologicals. The manufacturing process was efficient in generating a high yield of virus, essentially free of contaminating host cell proteins and nucleic acids, The PIV was formulated with aluminum hydroxide and administered to mice by subcutaneous inoculation. Vaccinated animals developed high-titered JE virus neutralizing antibodies in a dose dependant fashion after two injections. The vaccine protected mice against morbidity and mortality after challenge with live, virulent. JE virus, Compared with the existing licensed mouse brain-derived vaccine. JE-Vax. the Vero cell-derived JE-PIV was more immunogenic and as effective as preventing encephalitis in mice. The JE-PIV is currently being tested for safety and immunogenicity in volunteers. (C) 2001 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Communible Dis & Immunol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Cheil Jedang Corp, Ctr Res & Dev, Kyongg Do 467810, South Korea. CJ Amer, Ridgefield Pk, NJ 07660 USA. RP Putnak, JR (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Communible Dis & Immunol, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 30 TC 63 Z9 73 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD AUG 14 PY 2001 VL 19 IS 31 BP 4557 EP 4565 DI 10.1016/S0264-410X(01)00208-0 PG 9 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 465KF UT WOS:000170587600028 PM 11483284 ER PT J AU Wagner, GW Procell, LR Yang, YC Bunton, CA AF Wagner, GW Procell, LR Yang, YC Bunton, CA TI Molybdate/peroxide oxidation of mustard in microemulsions SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID NERVE-AGENT-VX; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE AB Environmentally friendly and noncorrosive methods to decontaminate the blister agent mustard (HD) bis(2-chloroethyl) sulfide are currently being developed. HD may be rendered nonvesicant by oxidation to the corresponding sulfoxide, In microemulsions, the mildly basic molybdate/peroxide oxidant system rapidly oxidizes HD initially to the sulfoxide. Secondary oxidation to the sulfone does occur, but this reaction is about 2 orders of magnitude slower. A microemulsion found to be stable at low temperature was identified, enabling the decontamination of HD at -30 degreesC. The mild basicity of such solutions also affords the peroxyhydrolysis (OOH-) of nerve agents GD and VX. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Res & Technol Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Chem & Biochem, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RP Wagner, GW (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Res & Technol Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 19 TC 48 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 16 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD AUG 7 PY 2001 VL 17 IS 16 BP 4809 EP 4811 DI 10.1021/la010334h PG 3 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 460JV UT WOS:000170305200022 ER PT J AU Valenzuela, JG Belkaid, Y Garfield, MK Mendez, S Kamhawi, S Rowton, ED Sacks, DL Ribeiro, JMC AF Valenzuela, JG Belkaid, Y Garfield, MK Mendez, S Kamhawi, S Rowton, ED Sacks, DL Ribeiro, JMC TI Toward a defined anti-Leishmania vaccine targeting vector antigens: Characterization of a protective salivary protein SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE DNA vaccine; salivary gland; sand fly; Leishmania; leishmaniasis ID CUTANEOUS LEISHMANIASIS; LUTZOMYIA-LONGIPALPIS; RHODNIUS-PROLIXUS; HISTAMINE-BINDING; MAJOR INFECTION; NATURAL MODEL; SAND FLIES; MICE; IMMUNITY; MECHANISM AB Lcislunania parasites are transmitted to their vertebrate hosts by infected phlebotomine sand fly bites. Sand fly saliva is known to enhance Leislimania infection, while immunity to the saliva protects against infection as determined by coinoculation of parasites with vector salivary gland homogenates (SGHs) or by infected sand fly bites (Kamhawi, S., Y. Belkaid, G. Modi, E. Rowton, and D. Sacks. 2000. Science. 290:1351-1354). We have now characterized nine salivary proteins of Phlebotomus papatasi, the vector of Leishmania major. One of these salivary proteins, extracted from SDS gels and having an apparent mol wt of 15 kD, was able to protect vaccinated mice challenged with parasites plus SGH. A DNA vaccine containing the cDNA for the predominant 15-kD protein (named SP15) provided this same protection. Protection lasted at least 3 ino after immunization. The vaccine produced both intense humoral and delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) reactions. B cell-deficient mice immunized with the SP15 plasmid vaccine successfully controlled Leislimania infection when injected with Leislimania plus SGH. These results indicate that DTH response against saliva provides most or all of the protective effects of this vaccine and that salivary gland proteins or their cDNAs are viable vaccine targets against leishmaniasis. C1 NIAID, Parasit Dis Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NIAID, Res Technol Branch, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Ribeiro, JMC (reprint author), NIAID, Parasit Dis Lab, NIH, 4 Ctr Dr,Rm 4-126, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RI Rowton, Edgar/A-1975-2011; Rowton, Edgar/A-4474-2012; OI Rowton, Edgar/0000-0002-1979-1485; Ribeiro, Jose/0000-0002-9107-0818 NR 45 TC 231 Z9 237 U1 0 U2 9 PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 1114 FIRST AVE, 4TH FL, NEW YORK, NY 10021 USA SN 0022-1007 J9 J EXP MED JI J. Exp. Med. PD AUG 6 PY 2001 VL 194 IS 3 BP 331 EP 342 DI 10.1084/jem.194.3.331 PG 12 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 461UQ UT WOS:000170382200012 PM 11489952 ER PT J AU Bhattacharjee, AK AF Bhattacharjee, AK TI Assessment of cation-pi binding affinity of the aromatic ring in several chloroquine analogs and related antimalarials using the ab initio quantum chemical (6-31G**) theory SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE-THEOCHEM LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th Annual Conference on Current Trends in Computational Chemistry (CCTCC) CY NOV 03-04, 2000 CL VICKSBURG, MISSISSIPPI SP Natl Sci Fdn, NHI, USA High Performance Comp Res Ctr, Naval Oceanog Off, CRAY Inc DE sodium-aromatic pi-electron interactions; ab initio (6-31G**) study; antimalarial agents; mechanism of action ID HEMATIN POLYMERIZATION; INHIBITION AB Malaria is a major world health problem and with widespread chloroquine-resistant A falciparum, an urgent need to develop new antimalarials is essential. To identify potential alternatives to chloroquine (CQ) and to understand its molecular mechanism of action, we recently reported that CQ and other quinoline antimalarials inhibit parasite growth by binding to hematin, and suggested that the inhibition process proceeds through a noncovalent interaction between hematin and the quinoline ring of the antimalarials. The present study is an assessment of the role of aromatic pi electrons in 13 quinoline antimalarials that showed positive hematin polymerization inhibitory activity by performing ab initio quantum chemical calculations on the sodium complexes of the aromatic fragment in these compounds. The binding energy of the complex, the distance between the sodium ion and the aromatic ring, and molecular electrostatic potentials were calculated using 6-31G** basis set by fully optimising the geometry of both uncomplexed and complexed aromatic fragment of CQ, its nine analogs, and three acridinediones. Large differences in binding energy and distance are observed by changing the substituents at the quinoline ring of the compounds. The equilibrium geometry of the complex and the electrostatic potential profiles of the uncomplexed species indicate two different metal binding sites to the aromatic frame in these compounds. No clear correlation was observed between metal binding energy and biological activity. It seems that the aromatic pi electrons are not the essence of antimalarial activity of the analyzed compounds as proposed earlier. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Med Chem, Div Expt Therapeut, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Bhattacharjee, AK (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Med Chem, Div Expt Therapeut, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-1280 J9 J MOL STRUC-THEOCHEM JI Theochem-J. Mol. Struct. PD AUG 6 PY 2001 VL 549 SI SI BP 27 EP 37 DI 10.1016/S0166-1280(01)00488-2 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 467CZ UT WOS:000170684100005 ER PT J AU Rajendran, V Rong, SB Saxena, A Doctor, BP Kozikowski, AP AF Rajendran, V Rong, SB Saxena, A Doctor, BP Kozikowski, AP TI Synthesis of a hybrid analog of the acetylcholinesterase inhibitors huperzine A and huperzine B SO TETRAHEDRON LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; ANTICHOLINESTERASE ACTIVITY; AGENT AB The synthesis of a new hybrid analog of the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors huperzine A and B is reported. An intramolecular reductive dicarbonyl coupling was used as a key reaction for constructing the tetracyclic ring system. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Georgetown Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Drug Discovery Program, Washington, DC 20007 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Biochem, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Kozikowski, AP (reprint author), Georgetown Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Drug Discovery Program, 3900 Reservoir Rd, Washington, DC 20007 USA. NR 17 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0040-4039 J9 TETRAHEDRON LETT JI Tetrahedron Lett. PD AUG 6 PY 2001 VL 42 IS 32 BP 5359 EP 5361 DI 10.1016/S0040-4039(01)01008-5 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 457FV UT WOS:000170127200007 ER PT J AU Baek, JB Tan, LS AF Baek, JB Tan, LS TI Synthesis and characterization of ether-ketone hyperbranched polymers from mixtures of AB(2) and AB monomers. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Polymer Grp, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. USA, Res Lab, Polymer Branch, AFRL MLBP, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 222 MA 205-POLY BP U271 EP U271 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 467EU UT WOS:000170690101535 ER PT J AU Bruno, FF Nagarajan, R Tripathy, SK Kumar, J Samuelson, LA AF Bruno, FF Nagarajan, R Tripathy, SK Kumar, J Samuelson, LA TI Novel templated polyphenol for ionic conductivity. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Dept Chem, Ctr Adv Mat, Lowell, MA USA. Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Ctr Adv Mat, Lowell, MA USA. USA, Natick Soldier Syst Ctr, Mat Sci Team, Natick, MA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 222 MA 31-POLY BP U246 EP U246 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 467EU UT WOS:000170690101361 ER PT J AU Cao, XH Mello, SV Leblanc, RM Rostogi, VK Cheng, TC DeFrank, JJ AF Cao, XH Mello, SV Leblanc, RM Rostogi, VK Cheng, TC DeFrank, JJ TI Surface chemistry studies of organophosphorous hydorlase. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Miami, Dept Chem, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA. USA, Chem & Biol Ctr, Edgewood, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 222 MA 194-COLL BP U342 EP U342 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 467ET UT WOS:000170690001781 ER PT J AU Castle, KJ Hwang, ESS Dodd, JA AF Castle, KJ Hwang, ESS Dodd, JA TI Kinetic measurements of the quenching of CO2 (010) by O atoms. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Res Lab, VSBT, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 222 MA 237-PHYS BP U213 EP U214 PN 2 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 467EU UT WOS:000170690101168 ER PT J AU Conca, KR Porter, WL Kent, BL AF Conca, KR Porter, WL Kent, BL TI Rapid analytical evaluation of fresh and stored mango fruit puree for Maillard browning and antioxidant activity. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, SBCCOM, Natick Soldier Ctr, Combat Feeding Program, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 222 MA 125-ANYL BP U98 EP U98 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 467ET UT WOS:000170690000427 ER PT J AU Ellzy, MW Jensen, JO Hameka, HF Kay, JG AF Ellzy, MW Jensen, JO Hameka, HF Kay, JG TI Correlation of structure and vibrational spectra of l-mannose and the zwitterion l-alanine in the presence of water: An experimental and density functional analysis. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 AMSSB RRT CA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. US Army Edgewood Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Univ Penn, Dept Chem, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Drexel Univ, Dept Chem, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 222 MA 148-NUCL BP U28 EP U28 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 467EU UT WOS:000170690100137 ER PT J AU Hobson, ST Babin, MC Nohe, TL Stoermer, RL AF Hobson, ST Babin, MC Nohe, TL Stoermer, RL TI Structure-activity relationship study of synthetic capsaicin derivatives: Evaluation of vanilloids as topical treatments for sulfur mustard injury. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 222 MA 229-MEDI BP U679 EP U679 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 467ET UT WOS:000170690003557 ER PT J AU Hurley, MM Wright, JB Lushington, GH White, WE AF Hurley, MM Wright, JB Lushington, GH White, WE TI QM/MM studies of acetylcholinesterase. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Res Lab, Comp & Informat Sci Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. USA, Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Washington, DC USA. Ohio Supercomp Ctr, Columbus, OH USA. Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 222 MA 43-COMP BP U389 EP U389 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 467ET UT WOS:000170690001943 ER PT J AU Moore, JT Lukehart, CM Deluga, G Chu, D AF Moore, JT Lukehart, CM Deluga, G Chu, D TI Preparation of Os/Carbon and Os1Pt1/Carbon nanocomposites as direct methanol fuel cell anode catalysts. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Chem, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Univ Minnesota, Corros Res Ctr, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. USA, Res Labs, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 222 MA 561-INOR BP U630 EP U630 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 467ET UT WOS:000170690003288 ER PT J AU Nagarajan, R Yang, SZ Roy, S Kumar, J Tripathy, S Bruno, FF Samuelson, L AF Nagarajan, R Yang, SZ Roy, S Kumar, J Tripathy, S Bruno, FF Samuelson, L TI Synthesis of electronic and photonic polymers intertwined with DNA. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Lowell, Dept Chem, Ctr Adv Mat, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. Univ Lowell, Dept Phys, Ctr Adv Mat, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. Univ Delhi, Dept Chem, Delhi 110007, India. USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 222 MA 232-POLY BP U275 EP U275 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 467EU UT WOS:000170690101562 ER PT J AU Rajh, T Makarova, OV Thurnauer, MC Kemme, PA Cropek, D AF Rajh, T Makarova, OV Thurnauer, MC Kemme, PA Cropek, D TI Surface modification of TiO2 nanoparticles for selective adsorption of nitrobenzene. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. USA CERL, CNE, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 222 MA 59-ENVR BP U428 EP U428 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 467ET UT WOS:000170690002180 ER PT J AU Roy, S Nagarajan, R Bruno, FF Tripathy, S Kumar, J Samuelson, L AF Roy, S Nagarajan, R Bruno, FF Tripathy, S Kumar, J Samuelson, L TI Hinged iron porphyrin catalyst tailored for water soluble electroactive polymer synthesis. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Massachusetts, Dept Chem, Ctr Adv Mat, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Ctr Adv Mat, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Natick, MA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 222 MA 123-PMSE BP U359 EP U359 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 467EU UT WOS:000170690101994 ER PT J AU Sagan, ES Fifer, R AF Sagan, ES Fifer, R TI Thermal desorption characterization of self-assembled monolayers on aluminum surfaces determined by PM-FTIRRAS and D-MS. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Army Res Lab, Ballist Div, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 222 MA 106-COLL BP U329 EP U329 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 467ET UT WOS:000170690001693 ER PT J AU Sahoo, SK Liu, W Samuelson, L Kumar, J Cholli, AL AF Sahoo, SK Liu, W Samuelson, L Kumar, J Cholli, AL TI Mechanism of enzymatic polymerization of p-cresol as studied by in situ NMR spectroscopy. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Lowell, Dept Chem, Ctr Adv Mat, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. US Army Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 222 MA 339-PMSE BP U392 EP U392 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 467EU UT WOS:000170690102210 ER PT J AU Sahoo, SK Nagarajan, R Samuelson, L Kumar, J Cholli, AL AF Sahoo, SK Nagarajan, R Samuelson, L Kumar, J Cholli, AL TI Comparative study of chemically and enzymatically synthesized polyaniline by solid state NMR. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Massachusetts, Ctr Adv Mat, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. USA, Natick Res & Dev Labs, Sci & Technol Directorate, Natick, MA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 222 MA 30-POLY BP U246 EP U246 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 467EU UT WOS:000170690101360 ER PT J AU Stavinoha, LL Alfaro, ES AF Stavinoha, LL Alfaro, ES TI Oxidation induction periods of biodiesel by pressure-differential scanning calorimetry. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 SwRI, San Antonio, TX 78238 USA. USA, Tank Automot & Armaments Command, AMSTA, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 222 MA 37-FUEL BP U464 EP U465 PN 1 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 467ET UT WOS:000170690002368 ER PT J AU Taub, IA Morehouse, KM Buchala, R Sevilla, MD AF Taub, IA Morehouse, KM Buchala, R Sevilla, MD TI Food irradiation: From basic chemistry to practical applications. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. US FDA, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, Washington, DC 20204 USA. Oakland Univ, Dept Chem, Rochester, MN USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 222 MA 401-CHED BP U252 EP U252 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 467ET UT WOS:000170690001288 ER PT J AU Wang, XY Lee, SH Drew, C Senecal, KJ Kumar, J Samuelson, L AF Wang, XY Lee, SH Drew, C Senecal, KJ Kumar, J Samuelson, L TI Electrospun nanofibrous membranes for optical sensing. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Massachusetts, Dept Chem, Ctr Adv Mat, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Lowell, MA USA. USA, Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA USA. RI Senecal, Kris/F-3000-2013 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 222 MA 366-PMSE BP U396 EP U396 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 467EU UT WOS:000170690102237 ER PT J AU Young, SK Trevino, SF Tan, NCB AF Young, SK Trevino, SF Tan, NCB TI Unraveling the complicated morphology changes of a nafion perfluosulfonate ionomer membranes in different chemical environments. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Res Lab, Polymers Res Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 222 MA 15-PMSE BP U342 EP U342 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 467EU UT WOS:000170690101886 ER PT J AU Young, SK Vadja, PL Napadensky, E AF Young, SK Vadja, PL Napadensky, E TI Cyclodextrin-based polymers: Nanomaterials with built-in scavenging capabilities. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Res Lab, Polymer Res Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 222 MA 33-POLY BP U246 EP U246 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 467EU UT WOS:000170690101363 ER PT J AU Rasnake, MS Glanton, C Ornstein, D Osswald, M Garrison, M AF Rasnake, MS Glanton, C Ornstein, D Osswald, M Garrison, M TI Hypercalcemia mediated by parathyroid hormone-related protein as an early manifestation of pancreatic adenocarcinoma metastasis - A case report SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY-CANCER CLINICAL TRIALS LA English DT Article DE pancreatic adenocarcinoma; humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy; parathyroid hormone-related peptide; PTHrP ID HUMORAL HYPERCALCEMIA; CANCER; MALIGNANCY AB Humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy (HHM) is a paraneoplastic syndrome rarely associated with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) is the central mediator of this condition. In our patient, hypercalcemia associated with elevated PTHrP was the initial manifestation of metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Successful palliation of HHM with bisphosphonates and loop diuretics has been previously reported and was effective in our patient. We report the first case of pancreatic adenocarcinoma metastasis after successful resection to present with hypercalcemia. C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, MMIMR, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Hematol & Oncol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Hematol & Oncol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Rasnake, MS (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, MMIMR, 2200 Bergquist Dr,Ste 1, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0277-3732 J9 AM J CLIN ONCOL-CANC JI Am. J. Clin. Oncol.-Cancer Clin. Trials PD AUG PY 2001 VL 24 IS 4 BP 416 EP 417 DI 10.1097/00000421-200108000-00024 PG 2 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 463CB UT WOS:000170458300024 PM 11474277 ER PT J AU Chan, DS Callahan, CW Moreno, C AF Chan, DS Callahan, CW Moreno, C TI Multidisciplinary education and management program for children with asthma SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH-SYSTEM PHARMACY LA English DT Article DE ambulatory care; asthma; compliance; devices; hospitals; inhalers; patient education; pediatrics; pharmaceutical services; pharmacists; hospital; pharmacy, institutional, hospital ID PREVENTION; MORBIDITY AB A multidisciplinary program for managing asthma in a pediatric population is discussed. A coordinated, multidisciplinary program for managing asthma in children was initiated in November 1997 at a U.S. Army medical center. The program, designed to improve care and decrease hospitalizations for asthma, was pharmacist managed and pulmonologist directed and was implemented by pediatricians. Patient education was provided by a pediatric clinical pharmacist or a nurse case manager; providers also received intensive education. Follow-up occurred at predetermined intervals and included asthma education, discussion of expectations and goals, analysis of metered-dose-inhaler and spacer technique, and assessment of compliance. Between November 1997 and January 1999, 210 inpatients were screened for asthma. One hundred seven were believed to have asthma and received inpatient asthma counseling and teaching. Of these 107 patients, 79 were enrolled in the program and monitored in the ambulatory care setting. Seventy-one (90%) of the 79 program enrollees were not rehospitalized during the ensuing two years. The number of children admitted to the hospital for asthma decreased from 147 in 1997 (a rate of 32 per 1000 population) to 93 in 1998 (2.1 per 1000) and to 87 in 1999 (1.9 per 1000). A multidisciplinary approach to the management of children with asthma may reduce hospitalizations of such patients. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Nursing, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Chan, DS (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 20 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HEALTH-SYSTEM PHARMACISTS PI BETHESDA PA 7272 WISCONSIN AVE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 1079-2082 J9 AM J HEALTH-SYST PH JI Am. J. Health-Syst. Pharm. PD AUG 1 PY 2001 VL 58 IS 15 BP 1413 EP 1417 PG 5 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 459XE UT WOS:000170276100014 PM 11494786 ER PT J AU van de Pol, C Soya, K Hwang, DG AF van de Pol, C Soya, K Hwang, DG TI Objective assessment of transient corneal haze and its relation to visual performance after photorefractive keratectomy SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY LA English DT Article ID EXCIMER-LASER KERATECTOMY; INTRAOCULAR STRAYLIGHT; LIGHT SCATTER; TRANSPARENCY; MYOPIA; EDEMA AB PURPOSE: Photorefractive keratectomy has the potential to cause transient corneal haze. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between transient corneal haze as measured by an objective means and high and low contrast visual performance. METHODS: In a prospective study, 44 eyes of 28 patients were examined preoperatively and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after photorefractive keratectomy. Five laser in situ keratomileusis and two intrastromal corneal ring segments (Intacs [KeraVision, Fremont, CAI) were included for comparison, because these procedures are not expected to cause haze. Haze was measured using a prototype objective hazemeter, TSPC-3, a modification of the Nidek EAS-1000. Visual performance was measured using high-contrast visual acuity and the Rabin Small Letter Contrast Test. RESULTS: Corneal haze was greatest at the 1-month examination and was consistent with a decrease in visual performance on both tests. Corneal haze resolved in 82% of eyes by 10 +/- 4 months after photorefractive keratectomy. However, visual performance had not returned to preoperative levels in 65% and 81% of these eyes on the high,contrast visual acuity test and the Small Letter Contrast Test, respectively. Eyes that underwent laser in situ keratomileusis and Intacs did not develop corneal haze; however, Visual decrements were measured. CONCLUSIONS: As a clinical tool, the TSPC-3 hazemeter objectively measures very subtle changes in haze levels. Corneal haze appears to account for only approximately 50% of visual performance changes in the early healing period after photorefractive keratectomy. Other factors, namely topographic abnormalities, are more likely to be an important cause of persistent visual disturbances. (C) 2001 by Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Visual Sci Branch, Aeromed Res Lab, Ft Rucker, AL 36362 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP van de Pol, C (reprint author), USA, Visual Sci Branch, Aeromed Res Lab, POB 620577, Ft Rucker, AL 36362 USA. NR 32 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0002-9394 J9 AM J OPHTHALMOL JI Am. J. Ophthalmol. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 132 IS 2 BP 204 EP 210 DI 10.1016/S0002-9394(01)01003-0 PG 7 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 457ZL UT WOS:000170168800009 PM 11476680 ER PT J AU Gaydos, JC AF Gaydos, JC TI Returning to the past - Respiratory illness, vaccines, and handwashing SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID MILITARY C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Def Global Emerging Infect Surveillance & Re, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Gaydos, JC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Def Global Emerging Infect Surveillance & Re, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 12 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 21 IS 2 BP 150 EP 151 DI 10.1016/S0749-3797(01)00332-4 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 455FE UT WOS:000170016200011 PM 11457636 ER PT J AU Morgan, CA Hazlett, MG Wang, S Richardson, EG Schnurr, P Southwick, SM AF Morgan, CA Hazlett, MG Wang, S Richardson, EG Schnurr, P Southwick, SM TI Symptoms of dissociation in humans experiencing acute, uncontrollable stress: A prospective investigation SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS; PHYSICAL HEALTH; DISORDER; TRAUMA; PREDICTORS; SURVIVORS; VETERANS; EXPOSURE; PTSD; SOMATIZATION AB Objective: Peritraumatic dissociation has been associated with subsequent development of posttraumatic stress disorder, but supporting data have been largely retrospective, The current study was designed to assess the nature and prevalence of dissociative symptoms in healthy humans experiencing acute, uncontrollable stress during U.S. Army survival training. Method: In study 1, 94 subjects completed the Clinician-Administered Dissociative States Scale after exposure to the stress of survival training. In study 2, 59 subjects completed the Brief Trauma Questionnaire before acute stress and the dissociative states scale before and after acute stress. A randomly selected group of subjects in study 2 completed a health problems questionnaire after acute stress. Results: In study 1, 96% of subjects reported dissociative symptoms in response to acute stress, Total scores, as well as individual item scores, on the dissociation scale were significantly lower in Special Forces soldiers compared to general infantry troops. In study 2, 42% of subjects reported dissociative symptoms before stress and 96% reported them after acute stress. Dissociative symptoms before and after stress were significantly higher in individuals who reported a perceived threat to life in the past. Forty-one percent of the variance in reported health problems was accounted for by poststress dissociation scores. Discussion: Symptoms of dissociation were prevalent in healthy subjects exposed to high stress. Stress-hardy individuals (Special Forces soldiers) experienced fewer symptoms of dissociation, compared to individuals who were less hardy. These data support the idea that the nature of response to previously experienced threatening events significantly determines the nature of psychological and somatic response to subsequent stress. C1 VA Connecticut Healthcare Syst, Natl Ctr PTSD 116A, W Haven, CT 06516 USA. Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, W Haven, CT USA. JFK Special Warfare Training Ctr & Sch, Ft Bragg, NC USA. Nalt Ctr PTSD, White River Jct, VT USA. RP Morgan, CA (reprint author), VA Connecticut Healthcare Syst, Natl Ctr PTSD 116A, 950 Campbell Ave, W Haven, CT 06516 USA. NR 37 TC 109 Z9 112 U1 5 U2 11 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PRESS, INC PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST, N W, STE 1101, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0002-953X J9 AM J PSYCHIAT JI Am. J. Psychiat. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 158 IS 8 BP 1239 EP 1247 DI 10.1176/appi.ajp.158.8.1239 PG 9 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 459JG UT WOS:000170246800012 PM 11481157 ER PT J AU Soto, J Toledo, J Gutierrez, P Luzz, M Llinas, N Cedeno, N Dunne, M Berman, J AF Soto, J Toledo, J Gutierrez, P Luzz, M Llinas, N Cedeno, N Dunne, M Berman, J TI Plasmodium vivax clinically resistant to chloroquine in Colombia SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID MALARIA; PROPHYLAXIS; PRIMAQUINE; INDONESIA AB Chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium vivax has been the subject of numerous case reports and prospective studies from Oceania and Asia. In contrast, only case reports exist from the Americas. We performed a prospective study with 28-day follow-up of clinical responses to chloroquine in 2 P. vivax-endemic regions of Colombia. Three (11%) of 27 patients failed to respond to treatment with the standard regimen of chloroquine (1,500 mg of base over 3 days). One patient demonstrated RI resistance on Day 26; one patient demonstrated RI resistance due to recrudescence of blood stages on Day 11; and one patient demonstrated RII resistance of blood stages by never displaying clearing of peripheral parasitemia. All patients were successfully treated with primaquine, which has some blood stage efficacy against P. vii,ax, combined with a second course of chloroquine. Clinical resistance of P. vivax to chloroquine is present in Colombia and should be monitored in the Americas. C1 Consorcio Invest Bioclin, Bogota, Colombia. Direcc Sanidad Ejercito, Bogota, Colombia. Pfizer Inc, Cent Res, Groton, CT 06340 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Soto, J (reprint author), Consorcio Invest Bioclin, Bogota, Colombia. NR 15 TC 76 Z9 80 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 65 IS 2 BP 90 EP 93 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 461ML UT WOS:000170368000002 PM 11508397 ER PT J AU Dang, JL Heroux, K Kearney, J Arasteh, A Gostomski, M Emanuel, PA AF Dang, JL Heroux, K Kearney, J Arasteh, A Gostomski, M Emanuel, PA TI Bacillus spore inactivation methods affect detection assays SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PATHOGENICITY ISLANDS; ANTHRACIS; EVOLUTION; PCR AB Detection of biological weapons is a primary concern in force protection, treaty verification, and safeguarding civilian populations against domestic terrorism. One great concern is the detection of Bacillus anthracis, the causative agent of anthrax. Assays for detection in the laboratory often employ inactivated preparations of spores or nonpathogenic simulants. This study uses several common biodetection platforms to detect B. anthracis spores that have been inactivated by two methods and compares those data to detection of spores that have not been inactivated. The data demonstrate that inactivation methods can affect the sensitivity of nucleic acid- and antibody-based assays for the detection of B. anthracis spores. These effects should be taken into consideration when comparing laboratory results to data collected and assayed during field deployment. C1 Univ Alabama, Dept Microbiol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Geocenters Inc, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Res & Technol Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Dang, JL (reprint author), Geocenters Inc, Gunpowder Branch, POB 68, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 14 TC 38 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 67 IS 8 BP 3665 EP 3670 DI 10.1128/AEM.67.8.3665-3670.2001 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 460FP UT WOS:000170297800045 PM 11472945 ER PT J AU Radnedge, L Gamez-Chin, S McCready, PM Worsham, PL Andersen, GL AF Radnedge, L Gamez-Chin, S McCready, PM Worsham, PL Andersen, GL TI Identification of nucleotide sequences for the specific and rapid detection of Yersinia pestis SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PSEUDOTUBERCULOSIS; HYBRIDIZATION; DNA AB Suppression subtractive hybridization, a cost-effective approach for targeting unique DNA, was used to identify a 41.7-kb Yersinia pestis-specific region. One primer pair designed from this region amplified PCR products from natural isolates of Y. pestis and produced no false positives for near neighbors, an important criterion for unambiguous bacterial identification. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biol & Biotechnol Res Program, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. USA, Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Andersen, GL (reprint author), Biol & Biotechnol Res Program, L-441,7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Andersen, Gary/G-2792-2015 OI Andersen, Gary/0000-0002-1618-9827 NR 16 TC 38 Z9 64 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 67 IS 8 BP 3759 EP 3762 DI 10.1128/AEM.67.8.3759-3762.2001 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 460FP UT WOS:000170297800063 PM 11472963 ER PT J AU Lotufo, GR Farrar, JD Duke, BM Bridges, TS AF Lotufo, GR Farrar, JD Duke, BM Bridges, TS TI DDT toxicity and critical body residue in the amphipod Leptocheirus plumulosus in exposures to spiked sediment SO ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYCHAETE NEANTHES ARENACEODENTATA; SAN-FRANCISCO BAY; MARINE POLYCHAETE; ESTUARINE AMPHIPOD; HYALELLA-AZTECA; BIOACCUMULATION; TOXICOKINETICS; CONTAMINATION; ACCUMULATION; FLUORANTHENE AB The lethal and sublethal toxicity of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) to the estuarine amphipod Leptocheirus plumulosus was determined using sediment spiked with C-14-labeled compound. Juvenile amphipods were exposed to concentrations up to 9.9 nmol/g dry weight (3.5 mug/g). Acute effects on survival were determined in a 10-day experiment. Chronic effects on survival, growth, and reproduction were assessed in a 28-day experiment The DDT in the sediments transformed to dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane (DDD), dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE), and polar metabolites during the 14-day sediment storage prior to exposing the amphipods. The mixture of DDT and its breakdown products (tDDT) was comprised mostly of DDT at the beginning of the exposures. DDD was the prevalent compound at termination of the 28-day exposure. Complete mortality occurred at sediment concentrations of tDDT as low as 7 nmol/g (2.3 mug/g) in both acute and chronic experiments. Most of the mortality appeared to have occurred within the first 4 days of exposure. No sublethal reductions in growth or reproduction were observed in the 28-day experiment. In the, 10-day experiment, where amphipods did not receive supplemental food, growth was significantly increased in DDT treatments where survival was not affected. The concentration of tDDT in amphipod tissues was determined at exposure termination. In the 10-day experiment, a mean body residue of 14 nmol/g wet weight was associated with significant mortality (30%). Lower critical body residues were observed in the 28-day experiment, where the median lethal tissue residue (LR50) was 7.6 (6.8-8.4, 95% confidence interval) nmol/g wet weight. Based on previous studies, the lethal critical body residue for L. plumulosus is similar to those determined for freshwater amphipods and substantially lower than those determined for cladocerans and polychaetes. C1 USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Waterways Expt Stn, CEERD EP R, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. ASI Analyt, CEERD EP R, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Bridges, TS (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Waterways Expt Stn, CEERD EP R, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 34 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 10 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0090-4341 J9 ARCH ENVIRON CON TOX JI Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 41 IS 2 BP 142 EP 150 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 457GW UT WOS:000170129600004 PM 11462137 ER PT J AU Sturm, M Liston, GE Benson, CS Holmgren, J AF Sturm, M Liston, GE Benson, CS Holmgren, J TI Characteristics and growth of a snowdrift in arctic Alaska, USA SO ARCTIC ANTARCTIC AND ALPINE RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID COMPLEX TERRAIN; SNOW; TRANSPORT; MODEL AB In arctic Alaska, 15% of the total winter snowpack is contained in large drifts. Stratigraphic sections reveal that these can form during as few as five weather events during winter, while comparison of stratigraphy and weather records show that significant deposition (up to 43% of the total drift volume) can occur during a single event of short duration (< 72 h). Based on three years of wind, snowfall, and snow transport records, a set of rules was developed for predicting when periods of drift growth would occur. The rules were: 10-m wind speed >5.3 m s(-1) for at least 3 It, wind direction within 30 degrees of the normal to drift trap axis, and recent snowfall available for transport. When used, these rules successfully identified all drift-growth events, plus a few "extra" events that did not contribute substantially to drift growth. The extra events were invariably periods when there was sufficient wind to move snow, but insufficient snow for transport. In arctic Alaska drift size currently appears to be limited by precipitation rather than wind, leading us to speculate that an increase in precipitation could increase drift size and intensify the ecological, hydrological, and climatic impact of drifts on this arctic system. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Ft Wainwright, AK 99703 USA. Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Univ Alaska, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. RP Sturm, M (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Ft Wainwright, AK 99703 USA. NR 30 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 10 PU INST ARCTIC ALPINE RES PI BOULDER PA UNIV COLORADO, BOULDER, CO 80309 USA SN 1523-0430 J9 ARCT ANTARCT ALP RES JI Arct. Antarct. Alp. Res. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 33 IS 3 BP 319 EP 329 DI 10.2307/1552239 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography GA 469VF UT WOS:000170836200009 ER PT J AU Perkins, EJ AF Perkins, EJ TI Enhanced detection of multiplex PCR products using SYBR (R) Green I and an automated DNA sequencer SO BIOTECHNIQUES LA English DT Article ID QUANTITATIVE PCR; ELECTROPHORESIS C1 USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Perkins, EJ (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Mail Stop ES-P,3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU EATON PUBLISHING CO PI NATICK PA 154 E. CENTRAL ST, NATICK, MA 01760 USA SN 0736-6205 J9 BIOTECHNIQUES JI Biotechniques PD AUG PY 2001 VL 31 IS 2 BP 278 EP + PG 3 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 462UE UT WOS:000170437500008 PM 11515361 ER PT J AU Henry, KS Holtz, RD AF Henry, KS Holtz, RD TI Geocomposite capillary barriers to reduce frost heave in soils SO CANADIAN GEOTECHNICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE capillary barrier; frost heave; geosynthetic; geotextile; geocomposite; soil freezing ID LAYERED SOILS; INFILTRATION AB We investigated the potential for geosynthetic capillary barriers to reduce frost heave in soils by freezing upright, cylindrical soil specimens with horizontal disks of geosynthetics placed in them. During freezing, water was freely available at 25 mm above the base of 150 mm high specimens. The geosynthetics were located 5 mm above the water supply. We measured frost heave and final water content profiles of specimens containing geosynthetic capillary barriers and control specimens. The thermal conditions of the tests were typical of pavements in cold regions. Geotextiles prepared to simulate field conditions (i.e., moistened and containing soil fines) failed to significantly reduce frost heave. However, geocomposites comprising needle-punched polypropylene geotextiles sandwiching a drainage net, prepared in the same way as the moistened geotextiles containing soil fines, reduced frost heave when the soil water suction head in the overlying soil was 1800 mm or more. The geocomposites did not significantly reduce heave when the soil water suction head in the overlying soil was 800 mm or less. This is probably due to water migration between the two layers of soil, through the geotextiles and along the net of the geocomposite. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Henry, KS (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 36 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 4 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0008-3674 J9 CAN GEOTECH J JI Can. Geotech. J. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 38 IS 4 BP 678 EP 694 DI 10.1139/cgj-38-4-678 PG 17 WC Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA 469KB UT WOS:000170812100002 ER PT J AU Horvath, LL Gallup, RA Worley, BD Merrill, GA Morris, MJ AF Horvath, LL Gallup, RA Worley, BD Merrill, GA Morris, MJ TI Soluble leukocyte selectin in the analysis of pleural effusions SO CHEST LA English DT Article DE exudate; inflammatory markers; pleural effusion; sL-selectin; transudate ID CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID; ADHESION MOLECULES; DIAGNOSTIC-VALUE; SERUM; EXPRESSION; DISEASE; SEPARATION; LEUKEMIA; CD62L AB Study objectives: To determine if soluble leukocyte selectin (sL-selectin) levels serum and Pleural fluid (PF) are an inflammatory marker that differentiates pleural effusion transudates from exudates. Design: sL-selectin PF and serum levels were measured in consecutive patients and compared to established criteria. Setting: A tertiary-care military medical center. Patients: One hundred twenty, patients undergoing diagnostic or therapeutic thoracentesis. Interventions: PF and serum samples were collected during thoracentesis and analyzed separately for sL-selectin levels. Results were compared with clinical diagnosis and established PF criteria including the criteria of Light et al, cholesterol ratio, total bilirubin ratio, and albumin gradient. Measurements and results: sL-selectin levels in PF and serum were determined in 109 patients. By clinical diagnosis, mean +/- SD PF sL-selectin levels were 200.2 +/- 124.3 ng/mL in transudates and 496.8 +/- 379.2 ng/mL in exudates (p < 0.001). By the criteria of Light et al, mean PF sL-selectin levels were 195.7 +/- 105.2 ng/mL in transudates and 448.2 +/- 367.6 ng/mL in exudates (p < 0.001). Mean sL-selectin PF to serum ratios were 0.31 +/- 0.17 in transudates and 0.72 +/- 0.31 in exudates (p < 0.001) by clinical criteria, and 0.31 +/- 0.18 in transudates and 0.64 +/- 0.33 in exudates (p < 0.001) by the criteria of Light et al. No significant difference was noted with serum sL-selectin levels between groups. Conclusions: sL-selectin is an inflammatory marker that differentiates transudates from exudates in pleural effusions and is a sensitive indicator for PF analysis. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Pulm Dis Crit Care Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Internal Med Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Horvath, LL (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Infect Dis Serv, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD AUG PY 2001 VL 120 IS 2 BP 362 EP 368 DI 10.1378/chest.120.2.362 PG 7 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 462DM UT WOS:000170405500011 PM 11502630 ER PT J AU Netzer, N Eliasson, AH Netzer, C Kristo, DA AF Netzer, N Eliasson, AH Netzer, C Kristo, DA TI Overnight pulse oximetry for sleep-disordered breathing in adults - A review SO CHEST LA English DT Review DE COPD; desaturation; pulse oximetry; sleep; sleep apnea syndromes; upper airway resistance syndrome ID APNEA-HYPOPNEA SYNDROME; HEART-RATE-VARIABILITY; CORONARY-ARTERY DISEASE; UPPER AIRWAY-RESISTANCE; OXYHEMOGLOBIN SATURATION; OXYGEN DESATURATION; CLINICAL-ASSESSMENT; NOCTURNAL OXIMETRY; SPECTRAL-ANALYSIS; SCREENING-TEST AB Pulse oximetry is a well-established tool routinely used in many settings of modern medicine to determine a patient's arterial oxygen saturation and heart rate. The decreasing size of pulse oximeters over recent years has broadened their spectrum of use. For diagnosis and treatment of sleep-disordered breathing, overnight pulse oximetry helps determine the severity of disease and is used as an economical means to detect sleep apnea. In this article, we outline the clinical utility and economical benefit of overnight pulse oximetry in sleep and breathing disorders in adults and highlight the controversies regarding its limitations as presented in published studies. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Pulm & Crit Care Med Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Eliasson, AH (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Pulm & Crit Care Med Serv, Bldg 2,Ward 77,6900 Georgia Ave, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 91 TC 145 Z9 148 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD AUG PY 2001 VL 120 IS 2 BP 625 EP 633 DI 10.1378/chest.120.2.625 PG 9 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 462DM UT WOS:000170405500050 PM 11502669 ER PT J AU Shanks, GD Kain, KC Keystone, JS AF Shanks, GD Kain, KC Keystone, JS TI Malaria chemoprophylaxis in the age of drug resistance. II. Drugs that may be available in the future SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID NONIMMUNE COLOMBIAN SOLDIERS; PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; PLASMODIUM-VIVAX; DOUBLE-BLIND; PROPHYLAXIS; WR-238605; EFFICACY; 8-AMINOQUINOLINE; ANTIMALARIAL; TAFENOQUINE AB All current regimens of malaria chemoprophylaxis have serious drawbacks as a result of either suboptimal efficacy, difficulty with medication compliance, or adverse events. Two 8-aminoquinolines may be approaching registration, with primaquine having completed its prophylactic field testing and tafenoquine having begun advanced field testing at the end of 2000. Primaquine has long been used for management of relapses of malaria, but in the past decade, it has been reexamined for use in malaria prevention in order to stop infection in the liver. In field trials performed in Indonesia and Colombia, the efficacy of primaquine for malaria prevention was similar to 90%, compared with that of placebo. Because of its short half-life, primaquine requires daily administration. For adults, the prevention regimen is 30 mg base daily (0.5 mg base/kg/day), and it can probably be discontinued soon after departure from an area where malaria is endemic. To kill parasites that already exist in the liver, terminal prophylaxis is given after exposure to relapses of malaria infection; for adults, such prophylaxis usually consists of 15 mg base (0.3 mg base/kg/day) given daily for 2 weeks. Primaquine-induced gastrointestinal disturbances can be minimized if the drug is taken with food. Neither primaquine nor tafenoquine should be given to persons with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, to avoid the development of potentially severe drug-induced hemolysis. Tafenoquine is an analogue of primaquine that is more potent than the parent drug. Field trials in Kenya, Ghana, Gabon, and Southeast Asia have demonstrated an efficacy rate of similar to 90% for tafenoquine. Its long half-life allows for infrequent dosing (currently tested at 200 mg base/week), and its effect on parasites at the liver stage may allow for drug discontinuation at the time of departure from the area of endemicity. C1 Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, USA, Med Component, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Toronto Gen Hosp, Ctr Travel & Trop Med, Div Infect Dis, Dept Med, Toronto, ON, Canada. Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. RP Shanks, GD (reprint author), Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, USA, Med Component, 315-6 Rajvithi Rd, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. RI Shanks, George Dennis/F-4056-2014 OI Shanks, George Dennis/0000-0001-5763-8660 NR 20 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD AUG 1 PY 2001 VL 33 IS 3 BP 381 EP 385 DI 10.1086/321866 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 449YX UT WOS:000169715700020 PM 11438908 ER PT J AU Stiles, KP Abbott, KC Welch, PG Yuan, CM AF Stiles, KP Abbott, KC Welch, PG Yuan, CM TI Effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and steroid therapy on proteinuria in FSGS: a retrospective study in a single clinic SO CLINICAL NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Article DE FSGS; corticosteroids; angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors nephrotic syndrome; HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors ID FOCAL-SEGMENTAL GLOMERULOSCLEROSIS; GLOMERULAR SCLEROSIS; DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY; NEPHROTIC SYNDROME; ADULTS; PROGNOSIS; ENALAPRIL AB We retrospectively evaluated the response to steroids (S) +/- angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) vs. ACEI in nephrotic patients with FSGS seen in our clinic from 1992 - 1999. Of 48 patients with biopsy-proven FSGS, 30 had pretherapy and follow-up evaluations of proteinuria. Of these, 22 were nephrotic (greater than or equal to 3 g protein/24 h). Twelve/22 were treated with S and 10/22 with ACEI +/- HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin) alone. 92% of S patients received ACEI during follow-up, 83% concurrently with steroid treatment. The two cohorts (S vs. ACEI) were not different in age (34 +/- 12 vs. 33 +/- 12), sex (75% vs. 78% male), or ethnicity (83% vs. 83% African American). Mean follow-up time was 16 (range 4 - 61 months) vs. 23 months (range 6 - 56 months). Mean S dose was 70 mg qd (range 60 - 100 mg), with mean treatment duration of 4 months. Nephrotic patients were compared with regard to degree of proteinuria at follow-up. There were no complete remissions (proteinuria less than or equal to 200 mg/24 h) in either group. There was no difference in partial remissions (> 200 mg to < 3 g proteinuria/24 h) between the two groups - 5/12 vs. 6/10 (p = 0.434). There was no difference in the proportion of patients progressing to ESRD. Although proteinuria decreased significantly with time in both groups, there was no significant treatment effect. There was no significant time or treatment effect on serum creatinine. Mean arterial pressure and serum cholesterol were not significantly different between the groups. Thus, treatment with S +/- ACEI is no more effective in reducing proteinuria in FSGS than treatment with ACEI alone. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. DDEAMC, Dept Med, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC USA. RP Yuan, CM (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Serv Nephrol, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. OI Abbott, Kevin/0000-0003-2111-7112 NR 24 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU DUSTRI-VERLAG DR KARL FEISTLE PI OBERHACHING PA BAJUWARENRING 4, D-82041 OBERHACHING, GERMANY SN 0301-0430 J9 CLIN NEPHROL JI Clin. Nephrol. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 56 IS 2 BP 89 EP 95 PG 7 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 492TK UT WOS:000172183500001 PM 11522100 ER PT J AU Abbott, KC Agodoa, LY AF Abbott, KC Agodoa, LY TI Etiology of bacterial septicemia in chronic dialysis patients in the United States SO CLINICAL NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Article DE septicemia; African American; female; complications; hemodialysis; USRDS; age; albumin; hemoglobin; weight; diabetes; Staphylococcus; Streptococcus; gram-negative; pneumococcus; pseudomonas ID CHRONIC-HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS; LONG-TERM HEMODIALYSIS; RISK-FACTORS; BACTEREMIA; MORTALITY; SEPSIS; DEFINITION; MANAGEMENT; INFECTIONS AB Aims: Previous studies have identified risk factors for and mortality associated with hospitalized septicemia (septicemia) in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). However, the etiologies of septicemia in this population have not been determined. Methods: 327,993 patients in the United States Renal Data System initiated on ESRD therapy between January 1, 1992, and June 30, 1997, who never received renal transplants were analyzed in a retrospective registry study of hospitalized cases of septicemia (ICD9 038.x). Results: Of the study population, 43,441 (13.2%) had septicemia. In logistic regression analysis, septicemia was associated with female gender, African American race, ESRD due to diabetes and obstruction/chronic pyelonephritis, increased age, and hemodialysis (vs. peritoneal dialysis). Polycystic kidney disease and glomerulonephritis were associated with decreased risk of septicemia. At initiation of dialysis, higher hemoglobin, and lower weight, creatinine, and albumin were associated with septicemia. Among patients with septicemia, the leading specified etiologies were Staphylococcus (34%) and miscellaneous Gramnegative rods (21.7%). Etiologies of septicemia were significantly associated with hemodialysis (Gram-positives and Pneumococcus), female gender (Gram-negatives except Pseudomonas), African American race (Staphylococcus), and diabetes (global). Hemodialysis (vs. peritoneal dialysis) and Staphylococcus as an etiology of septicemia were associated with repeated hospitalizations for septicemia. Septicemia was independently associated with patient mortality, and African Americans and females with septicemia were at disproportionately greater risk of mortality. Conclusions: This study identifies significant associations between septicemia and female gender, African American race, hemodialysis, and higher hemoglobin. Significant associations between etiologies of septicemia and patient subgroups are also identified. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Abbott, KC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. OI Abbott, Kevin/0000-0003-2111-7112 NR 23 TC 40 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 1 PU DUSTRI-VERLAG DR KARL FEISTLE PI OBERHACHING PA BAJUWARENRING 4, D-82041 OBERHACHING, GERMANY SN 0301-0430 J9 CLIN NEPHROL JI Clin. Nephrol. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 56 IS 2 BP 124 EP 131 PG 8 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 492TK UT WOS:000172183500006 PM 11522089 ER PT J AU Macedonia, M AF Macedonia, M TI E3 2001: The birth of ubiquitous gaming? SO COMPUTER LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA, Simulat Training & Instrumentat Command, Orlando, FL USA. RP Macedonia, M (reprint author), USA, Simulat Training & Instrumentat Command, Orlando, FL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 0018-9162 J9 COMPUTER JI Computer PD AUG PY 2001 VL 34 IS 8 BP 90 EP 91 DI 10.1109/MC.2001.940016 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA 457FF UT WOS:000170125900020 ER PT J AU Elston, DM Lawler, KB Iddins, BO AF Elston, DM Lawler, KB Iddins, BO TI What's eating you? Demodex folliculorum SO CUTIS LA English DT Editorial Material ID DEMODICIDOSIS; DEMODICOSIS; ROSACEA; CHILD C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, MCHE, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78134 USA. RP Elston, DM (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, MCHE, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78134 USA. NR 9 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU QUADRANT HEALTHCOM INC PI CHATHAM PA 26 MAIN ST, STE A, CHATHAM, NJ 07928-2402 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD AUG PY 2001 VL 68 IS 2 BP 93 EP 94 PG 2 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 465JW UT WOS:000170586700005 PM 11534923 ER PT J AU Walden, BE Grant, KW Cord, MT AF Walden, BE Grant, KW Cord, MT TI Effects of amplification and speechreading on consonant recognition by persons with impaired hearing SO EAR AND HEARING LA English DT Article ID VISUAL SPEECH RECOGNITION; INTEGRATION; ADULTS; AIDS AB Objective: This study sought to describe the consonant information provided by amplification and by speechreading, and the extent to which such information might be complementary when a hearing aid user can see the talker's face. Design: Participants were 25 adults with acquired sensorineural hearing losses who wore the GN Re-Sound BT2 Personal Hearing System binaurally. Consonant recognition was assessed under four test conditions, each presented at an input level of 50 dB SPL: unaided listening without speechreading (baseline), aided listening without speechreading, unaided listening with speechreading, and aided listening with speechreading. Confusion matrices were generated for each of the four conditions to determine overall percent correct for each of 14 consonants, and information transmitted for place of articulation, manner of articulation, and voicing features. Results: Both amplification and speechreading provided a significant improvement in consonant recognition from the baseline condition. Speechreading provided primarily place-of-articulation information, whereas amplification provided information about place and manner of articulation, as well as some voicing information. Conclusions: Both amplification and speechreading provided place-of-articulation cues. The manner-of-articulation and voicing cues provided by amplification, therefore, were generally complementary to speechreading. It appears that the synergistic effect of combining the two sources of information can be optimized by amplification parameters that provide good audibility in the low-to-mid frequencies. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Army Audiol & Speech Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Walden, BE (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Army Audiol & Speech Ctr, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. FU NIDCD NIH HHS [DC 00792] NR 23 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0196-0202 J9 EAR HEARING JI Ear Hear. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 22 IS 4 BP 333 EP 341 DI 10.1097/00003446-200108000-00007 PG 9 WC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Otorhinolaryngology SC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Otorhinolaryngology GA 465GE UT WOS:000170580600007 PM 11527039 ER PT J AU Handrigan, MT Thompson, I Foster, M AF Handrigan, MT Thompson, I Foster, M TI Diagnostic procedures for the urogenital system SO EMERGENCY MEDICINE CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article ID PENETRATING ABDOMINAL-TRAUMA; INTRAVENOUS PYELOGRAPHY; HELICAL CT; ULTRASONOGRAPHY; URORADIOLOGY; EMERGENCY; KIDNEYS AB The emergency physician is often required to make a clinical diagnosis in the most cost effective, yet accurate, manner. With regards to the urogenital system, there are several diagnostic alternatives available. This article will discuss the various diagnostic modalities used to assess emergent urologic conditions. Indications for each will be discussed as well as some of the individual advantages and disadvantages. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, San Antonio Uniformed Serv Hlth Educ Consortium R, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Urol, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Handrigan, MT (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, San Antonio Uniformed Serv Hlth Educ Consortium R, Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 25 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0733-8627 J9 EMERG MED CLIN N AM JI Emerg. Med. Clin. N. Am. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 19 IS 3 BP 745 EP + DI 10.1016/S0733-8627(05)70213-3 PG 18 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 473XA UT WOS:000171073200013 PM 11554285 ER PT J AU Morgan, A AF Morgan, A TI Adnexal mass evaluation in the emergency department SO EMERGENCY MEDICINE CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Review ID COLOR DOPPLER SONOGRAPHY; NEONATAL OVARIAN CYSTS; ECTOPIC PREGNANCY; PATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS; TRANSVAGINAL DOPPLER; MANAGEMENT; TUMORS; CANCER; DIAGNOSIS; ULTRASOUND AB Women patients presenting to the emergency department with abdominal pelvic pain and an adnexal mass are clinical challenges. Adnexal masses can arise from the ovaries, fallopian tubes, broad ligaments, or the suspensory ligaments of the ovary and may occur in women of any age. They may be caused by both gynecologic and nongynecologic sources. This article will review the causes of the adnexal masses and the tools available to determine the etiology. Presentations which require urgent evaluation will also be reviewed. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio Uniformed Serv Hlth Educ Consortium, Emergency Med Residency, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Morgan, A (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio Uniformed Serv Hlth Educ Consortium, Emergency Med Residency, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 107 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0733-8627 J9 EMERG MED CLIN N AM JI Emerg. Med. Clin. N. Am. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 19 IS 3 BP 799 EP + DI 10.1016/S0733-8627(05)70216-9 PG 19 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 473XA UT WOS:000171073200016 PM 11554288 ER PT J AU Lotufo, GR Farrar, JD Inouye, LS Bridges, TS Ringelberg, DB AF Lotufo, GR Farrar, JD Inouye, LS Bridges, TS Ringelberg, DB TI Toxicity of sediment-associated nitroaromatic and cyclonitramine compounds to benthic invertebrates SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE nitroaromatics; cyclonitramines; sediment toxicity; apoptosis; benthic invertebrates ID ESTUARINE AMPHIPOD; CONTAMINATED SOIL; MARINE POLYCHAETE; APOPTOSIS; TNT; 2,4,6-TRINITROTOLUENE; REDUCTION; HEXAHYDRO-1,3,5-TRINITRO-1,3,5-TRIAZINE; MUTAGENICITY; METABOLITES AB The toxicity of nitroaromatic (2,4-diaminonitrotoluene [2,4-DANT] and 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene [TNB]) and C-14-labeled cyclonitramine compounds (hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine [RDX] and octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine [HMX]) to the marine polychaete Neanthes arenaceodentata and the estuarine amphipod Leptocheirus plumulosus following 10-or 28-d exposures to spiked sediments was investigated. Oganismal-level effects on survival, growth, and reproduction and cellular-level effects on apoptosis (programmed cell death) were evaluated. Because cyclonitramines have low affinity for sediment, overlying water was not exchanged in the RDX and HMX exposures. Nitroaromatics sorbed strongly to sediment, resulting in near complete resistance to solvent extraction. Cyclonitramines sorbed weakly to sediment, as more C-14-activity was found in the overlying water than in the sediment at exposure termination. No significant decrease in survival or growth was observed with cyclonitramines at initial sediment concentrations as high as 1,000 mug/g. Survival was significantly affected by nitroaromatics at nominal sediment concentrations as low as 200 mug/g, with L. plumulosus being more sensitive than N. arenaceodentata. Growth was significantly decreased at sublethal concentrations of 2,4-DANT for N. arenaceodentata. Reproduction, measured only with L. plumulosus, was significantly decreased only in the highest RDX treatment and also in the lower TNB treatment. However, no decrease was observed in higher concentrations of TNB. Body burden at exposure termination was below detection limit (1 mug/kg) for all compounds. Significant inhibition of apoptosis was not accompanied by significant decreases in growth or reproduction. Because of its critical function in many biological processes, alterations in this endpoint may result in adverse effects on the organism and could be used as an early indicator of toxicity. C1 USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. USA, ERDC, Analyt Serv Inc, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Bridges, TS (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd,EP-R, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 40 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 1 U2 4 PU SETAC PI PENSACOLA PA 1010 NORTH 12TH AVE, PENSACOLA, FL 32501-3367 USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 20 IS 8 BP 1762 EP 1771 DI 10.1897/1551-5028(2001)020<1762:TOSANA>2.0.CO;2 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 455JB UT WOS:000170022800020 PM 11491560 ER PT J AU Cerco, CF Moore, K AF Cerco, CF Moore, K TI System-wide submerged aquatic vegetation model for Chesapeake Bay SO ESTUARIES LA English DT Article ID EELGRASS ZOSTERA-MARINA; PHYTOPLANKTON PRODUCTION; MYRIOPHYLLUM-SPICATUM; SEAGRASS COMMUNITIES; NUTRIENT ENRICHMENT; PLANT-COMMUNITIES; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; ESTUARY; LIGHT; GROWTH AB A predictive model of submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) biomass is coupled to a eutrophication model of Chesapeake Bay. Domain of the model includes the mainstem of the bay as well as tidal portions of major embayments and tributaries. Three SAV communities are modeled: ZOSTERA, RUPPIA, and FRESHWATER. The model successfully computes the spatial distribution and abundance of SAV for the period 1985-1994. Spatial distribution is primarily determined by computed light attenuation. Sensitivity analysis to reductions in nutrient and solids loads indicates nutrient controls will enhance abundance primarily in areas that presently support SAV. Restoration of SAV to areas in which it does not presently exist requires solids controls, alone or in combination with nutrient controls. For regions in which SAV populations exist at the refuge level or greater, improvements in SAV abundance are expected within 2 to 10 years of load reductions. For regions in which no refuge population exists, recovery time is unpredictable and will depend on propagule supply. C1 USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Coll William & Mary, Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA. RP Cerco, CF (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 52 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 2 U2 19 PU ESTUARINE RES FEDERATION PI LAWRENCE PA PO BOX 368, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0160-8347 J9 ESTUARIES JI Estuaries PD AUG PY 2001 VL 24 IS 4 BP 522 EP 534 DI 10.2307/1353254 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 471VF UT WOS:000170948800005 ER PT J AU Luo, JG Hartman, KJ Brandt, SB Cerco, CF Rippetoe, TH AF Luo, JG Hartman, KJ Brandt, SB Cerco, CF Rippetoe, TH TI A spatially-explicit approach for estimating carrying capacity: An application for the Atlantic menhaden (Brevoortia tyrannus) in Chesapeake Bay SO ESTUARIES LA English DT Article ID BIOENERGETICS MODELS; FISH GROWTH; CLUPEIDAE; PISCES; RATES; TEMPERATURE; EUTROPHICATION; ZOOPLANKTON; PREDATORS; DYNAMICS AB A spatially-explicit methodology was developed for estimating system carrying capacities of fish stocks, and used to estimate the seasonal and spatial patterns of carrying capacity of Chesapeake Bay for Atlantic menhaden (Brevoortia tyrannus). We used a spatially-explicit three-dimensional (3-D) model that divided the heterogeneous habitat of Chesapeake Bay into over 4,000 cubes. Each cube represented a volume of water that was characterized by a specific set of environmental variables (phytoplankton biomass, temperature, and dissolved oxygen) driven by the 3-D water quality model. Foraging and bioenergetics models transformed the environmental variables into measures of potential growth rates of menhaden. Potential carrying capacity of menhaden was estimated as a function of phytoplankton production, menhaden consumption rate, and potential growth rate, combining phytoplankton production, thermal habitat, and menhaden physiology into one ecological value that is a measure of habitat quality from the perspective of the fish. Seasonal analysis of the Chesapeake Bay carrying capacity for Atlantic menhaden suggested two bottleneck periods: one in early June and a second during the fall. The fall bottleneck in carrying capacity was at about 10 billion age-0 fish. Annual recruitment of age-0 menhaden for the entire Atlantic coast of the U.S. ranged from 1.2-18.6 billion fish between 1955 and 1986. It appears that carrying capacity of Chesapeake Bay does not limit the coastwide production of young menhaden. Any conditions such as nutrient reduction strategies, further eutrophication, or global climatic warming, that may influence the carrying capacity during the fall or early June periods, may ultimately alter coastwide abundance of menhaden through changes in Chesapeake Bay carrying capacity. C1 Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Div Marine Biol & Fisheries, Miami, FL 33149 USA. W Virginia Univ, Coll Agr Forestry & Consumer Sci, Div Forestry, Wildlife & Fisheries Program, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Univ Oregon, Oregon Inst Marine Biol, Charleson, OR 97240 USA. RP Luo, JG (reprint author), Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Div Marine Biol & Fisheries, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA. NR 45 TC 42 Z9 44 U1 1 U2 14 PU ESTUARINE RES FEDERATION PI LAWRENCE PA PO BOX 368, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0160-8347 J9 ESTUARIES JI Estuaries PD AUG PY 2001 VL 24 IS 4 BP 545 EP 556 DI 10.2307/1353256 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 471VF UT WOS:000170948800007 ER PT J AU Day, JW Shaffer, GP Reed, DJ Cahoon, DR Britsch, LD Hawes, SR AF Day, JW Shaffer, GP Reed, DJ Cahoon, DR Britsch, LD Hawes, SR TI Patterns and processes of wetland loss in coastal Louisiana are complex: A reply to Turner 2001. Estimating the indirect effects of hydrologic change on wetland loss: If the earth is curved, then how would we know it? SO ESTUARIES LA English DT Article ID MISSISSIPPI RIVER; DELTA; SUBSIDENCE; USA C1 Louisiana State Univ, Dept Oceanog & Coastal Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. SE Louisiana Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Hammond, LA 70402 USA. Univ New Orleans, Dept Geol, New Orleans, LA 70148 USA. US Geol Survey, Natl Wetlands Res Ctr, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Div Engn, New Orleans, LA 70160 USA. RP Day, JW (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Dept Oceanog & Coastal Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. NR 28 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 9 PU ESTUARINE RES FEDERATION PI LAWRENCE PA PO BOX 368, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0160-8347 J9 ESTUARIES JI Estuaries PD AUG PY 2001 VL 24 IS 4 BP 647 EP 651 DI 10.2307/1353265 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 471VF UT WOS:000170948800016 ER PT J AU Laverman, P Szebeni, J Baranyi, L Oyen, WJG Storm, G Corstens, FHM Boerman, DC AF Laverman, P Szebeni, J Baranyi, L Oyen, WJG Storm, G Corstens, FHM Boerman, DC TI A new animal-model to investigate Tc-99m-hynic-PEG-liposomes induced side-effects SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Nijmegen, Med Ctr, Dept Nucl Med, Nijmegen, Netherlands. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Membrane Biochem, Silver Spring, MD USA. Univ Utrecht, Dept Pharmaceut, Utrecht, Netherlands. RI Oyen, Wim/D-4178-2009; Laverman, P./L-4476-2015; Storm, Gert/O-8696-2016 OI Oyen, Wim/0000-0001-8235-7078; NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0340-6997 J9 EUR J NUCL MED JI Eur. J. Nucl. Med. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 28 IS 8 SU S MA OS321 BP 1044 EP 1044 PG 1 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 464HZ UT WOS:000170528300321 ER PT J AU Suswam, E Kyle, D Lang-Unnasch, N AF Suswam, E Kyle, D Lang-Unnasch, N TI Plasmodium falciparum: The effects of atovaquone resistance on respiration SO EXPERIMENTAL PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE atovaquone; branched respiratory pathway; alternative respiratory pathway; cytochrome pathway; WR243251; DMSO; dimethylsulfoxide FIC; fractional inhibitory concentration; IC; inhibitory concentration; r; correlation coefficient; SHAM; salicyclhydroxamic acid ID ALTERNATIVE OXIDASE; ANTIMALARIAL-DRUGS AB Atovaquone is an antimalarial agent that specifically inhibits the cytochrome bc(1) complex of the cytochrome pathway. High-level atovaquone resistance is associated with a point mutation in the cytochrome b gene. A pair of isogenic clinical isolates of Plasmodium falciparum derived from before and after the acquisition of atovaquone resistance was used to determine whether the change in the cytochrome b gene resulted in changes in respiration in response to atovaquone. Since P. falciparum appears to utilize a branched respiratory system comprising both the cytochrome and an alternative respiratory pathway, the proportion of each pathway utilized by the sensitive and resistant parasites was investigated. Atovaquone inhibited total parasite oxygen consumption by up to 66% in the sensitive isolate but only up to 28% in the resistant isolate. Both the atovaquone-sensitive and the atovaquone-resistant parasites were comparably sensitive to the alternative pathway inhibitor, salicylhydroxamic acid. Atovaquone appeared to partially inhibit the rate of oxygen consumed through the alternative pathway in only the atovaquone-sensitive isolate. Cross resistance was noted between atovaquone and a new antimalarial agent WR243251. However. the level of WR243251 resistance was very modest compared to the level of atovaquone resistance. WR243251 was shown to rapidly reduce the rate of parasite oxygen consumption by almost 80% in the atovaquone-sensitive isolate and by 57% in the atovaquone-resistant isolate. Drug interaction studies suggest that atovaquone and WR243251 may inhibit growth additively or with mild synergy. Together, these results suggest that while WR243251 may inhibit respiration, its target of action probably differs from that of atovaquone. (C) 2001 Academic Press. C1 Univ Alabama, Div Geog Med, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Lang-Unnasch, N (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Div Geog Med, BBRB 203,1530 S 3rd Ave, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01-AI 38329] NR 15 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0014-4894 J9 EXP PARASITOL JI Exp. Parasitol. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 98 IS 4 BP 180 EP 187 DI 10.1006/expr.2001.4639 PG 8 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 477AC UT WOS:000171260100002 PM 11560411 ER PT J AU Simpson, TB Doft, F Strzelecka, E Liu, JJ Chang, W Simonis, GJ AF Simpson, TB Doft, F Strzelecka, E Liu, JJ Chang, W Simonis, GJ TI Gain saturation and the linewidth enhancement factor in semiconductor lasers SO IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE optical saturation; semiconductor device models; semiconductor lasers; surface-emitting lasers ID SMALL-SIGNAL ANALYSIS; INJECTION; MODULATION AB There is an asymmetry in the optical spectrum of the semiconductor laser under weak Current modulation. It arises because the linewidth enhancement factor that describes the proportionality between the real and imaginary parts of the optical susceptibility due to the differential gain is not appropriate for the gain saturation. This asymmetry can be used to determine the proportionality for the gain saturation term, and to measure the value of the linewidth enhancement factor, a parameter that has been difficult to accurately measure. Data for an oxide-confined vertical cavity surface-emitting laser is presented that shows a gain saturation term with a different, but nonnegligible, proportionality. C1 Jaycor Inc, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. Honeywell Technol Ctr, Plymouth, MN 55441 USA. USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Elect Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Simpson, TB (reprint author), Jaycor Inc, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. NR 9 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 1041-1135 J9 IEEE PHOTONIC TECH L JI IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 13 IS 8 BP 776 EP 778 DI 10.1109/68.935800 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA 454UK UT WOS:000169990000005 ER PT J AU Mu, RM Menyuk, CR AF Mu, RM Menyuk, CR TI Symmetric slope compensation in a long-haul WDM system using the CRZ format SO IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE chirp; chirped return-to-zero; fiber communications systems; phase modulation; wavelength-division-multiplexing AB In this letter, we numerically compared symmetric and asymmetric dispersion slope compensation schemes in a long-haul, chirped-return-to-zero, wavelength-division-multiplexed system, Symmetric compensation has significant advantages over asymmetric compensation. We elucidate the physical reasons and the system implications. C1 Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Technol Res Ctr, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. USA, Res Lab, Lab Telecommun Sci, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Mu, RM (reprint author), Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Technol Res Ctr, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. NR 10 TC 8 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 1041-1135 J9 IEEE PHOTONIC TECH L JI IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 13 IS 8 BP 797 EP 799 DI 10.1109/68.935807 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA 454UK UT WOS:000169990000012 ER PT J AU Lucero, PF Frey, WC Shaffer, RT Morris, MJ AF Lucero, PF Frey, WC Shaffer, RT Morris, MJ TI Granulomatous lung masses in an elderly patient with inactive Crohn's disease SO INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Crohn's disease; granuloma; sarcoidosis; pulmonary mass ID INFLAMMATORY BOWEL-DISEASE; PULMONARY INVOLVEMENT; SARCOIDOSIS; ABNORMALITIES; COLITIS AB This is a case report of a 77-year-old female with Crohn's disease manifested by recurrent bowel obstructions, who required surgical resections on two occasions but no further medical treatment. She presented 2 years later with pulmonary infiltrates, hilar adenopathy, and multiple lung; masses. Biopsies of the masses demonstrated noncaseating granulomatous inflammation and fibrosis similar to the pathology from her bowel resection. Six months later, these pulmonary lesions partially resolved without therapy. This case illustrates significant pulmonary manifestations of Crohn's disease in the absence of active gastrointestinal disease. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Pulm Dis Crit Care Serv, MCHE MDP, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Med Interna Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Serv Gastroenterol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Morris, MJ (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Pulm Dis Crit Care Serv, MCHE MDP, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 22 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1078-0998 J9 INFLAMM BOWEL DIS JI Inflamm. Bowel Dis. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 7 IS 3 BP 256 EP 259 DI 10.1097/00054725-200108000-00012 PG 4 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 459EM UT WOS:000170238100012 PM 11515853 ER PT J AU Casey-Acevedo, K Bakken, T AF Casey-Acevedo, K Bakken, T TI The effect of time on the disciplinary adjustment of women in prison SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OFFENDER THERAPY AND COMPARATIVE CRIMINOLOGY LA English DT Article AB The number of women in state and federal prisons has doubled in the past 10 years (from approximately 40,000 to more than 87,000), yet research on women in prisons is extremely limited, especially with regard to women in maximum-security institutions. Significant studies on women inmates have focused on inmates' adaptation to prison life and the development of kinship, groups while incarcerated. A few studies have examined the disciplinary behavior of female inmates, by comparing female inmates with male inmates. However; there exists little research on the temporal patterns of disciplinary behavior among women inmates, which was the focus of this article. C1 Lynn Univ, Coll Grad Studies, Boca Raton, FL 33431 USA. US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Casey-Acevedo, K (reprint author), Lynn Univ, Coll Grad Studies, 3601 N Mil Trail, Boca Raton, FL 33431 USA. NR 22 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 3 U2 3 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0306-624X J9 INT J OFFENDER THER JI Int. J. Offender Ther. Comp. Criminol. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 45 IS 4 BP 489 EP 497 DI 10.1177/0306624X01454008 PG 9 WC Criminology & Penology; Psychology, Applied SC Criminology & Penology; Psychology GA 454TV UT WOS:000169988600008 ER PT J AU Li, Y Ramesh, KT Chin, ESC AF Li, Y Ramesh, KT Chin, ESC TI Dynamic characterization of layered and graded structures under impulsive loading SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES LA English DT Article DE FGM; IMPACT; stress wave; MMC ID METAL-CERAMIC COMPOSITES; THERMAL RESIDUAL-STRESSES; MATRIX COMPOSITE; MICROMECHANICAL MODELS; ELASTIC PROPERTIES; HIGH-RATES; DEFORMATION; GRADIENTS; INDENTATION; BEHAVIOR AB Relatively thick graded and layered structures have significant potential armor applications, and have recently been manufactured with some degree of consistency. The mechanical behaviors of the individual layers within such a structure play an important role in determining the structure's resistance to impact. This work examines layered and graded plates made of metal-ceramic composites with the volume fraction of ceramic reinforcement varying through the thickness. In a previous work (Acta Mater 46 (1998) 5633), the results of high-strain-rate experiments have been used to develop a model for the viscoplastic response of metal-matrix composites of varying volume fraction. Using this model, numerical results are presented on the propagation of large amplitude stress waves through layered and graded structures. The results show that the wave propagation within layered and graded structures involves a complex coupling of elastic and viscoplastic response. It is demonstrated that the choice of gradation has great significance for impact applications. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Lab Impact Dynam & Rheol, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Ramesh, KT (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Lab Impact Dynam & Rheol, 122 Latrobe Hall,3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. NR 23 TC 51 Z9 60 U1 2 U2 19 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0020-7683 J9 INT J SOLIDS STRUCT JI Int. J. Solids Struct. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 38 IS 34-35 BP 6045 EP 6061 DI 10.1016/S0020-7683(00)00364-4 PG 17 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA 451TA UT WOS:000169816300011 ER PT J AU Braun, B Rock, PB Zamudio, S Wolfel, GE Mazzeo, RS Muza, SR Fulco, CS Moore, LG Butterfield, GE AF Braun, B Rock, PB Zamudio, S Wolfel, GE Mazzeo, RS Muza, SR Fulco, CS Moore, LG Butterfield, GE TI Women at altitude: short-term exposure to hypoxia and/or alpha(1)-adrenergic blockade reduces insulin sensitivity SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE homeostatic model; glucose tolerance; insulin resistance; epinephrine; prazosin ID HOMEOSTASIS MODEL ASSESSMENT; GLUCOSE-TOLERANCE; CELL FUNCTION; SEA LEVEL; EXERCISE; METABOLISM; RESPONSES; RESISTANCE; 4,300-M; INVIVO AB After short-term exposure to high altitude (HA), men appear to be less sensitive to insulin than at sea level (SL). We hypothesized that the same would be true in women, that reduced insulin sensitivity would be directly related to the rise in plasma epinephrine concentrations at altitude, and that the addition of alpha -adrenergic blockade would potentiate the reduction. To test the hypotheses, 12 women consumed a high-carbohydrate meal at SL and after 16 h at simulated 4,300-m elevation (HA). Subjects were studied twice at each elevation: once with prazosin (Prz), an alpha (1)-adrenergic antagonist, and once with placebo (Pla). Mathematical models were used to assess insulin resistance based on fasting [homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR)] and postprandial [composite model insulin sensitivity index (C-ISI)] glucose and insulin concentrations. Relative to SL-Pla (HOMA-IR: 1.86 +/- 0.35), insulin resistance was greater in HA-Pla (3.00 +/- 0.45; P < 0.05), SL-Prz (3.46 +/- 0.51; P < 0.01), and HA-Prz (2.82 +/- 0.43; P < 0.05). Insulin sensitivity was reduced in HA-Pla (C-ISI: 4.41 +/- 1.03; P < 0.01), SL-Prz (5.73 +/- 1.01; P < 0.05), and HA-Prz (4.18 +/- 0.99; P < 0.01) relative to SL-Pla (8.02 +/- 0.92). Plasma epinephrine was significantly elevated in HA-Pla (0.57 +/- 0.08 ng/ml; P < 0.01), SL-Prz (0.42 +/- 0.07; P < 0.05), and HA-Prz (0.82 +/- 0.07; P < 0.01) relative to SL-Pla (0.28 +/- 0.04), but correlations with HOMA- IR, HOMA--cell function, and C-ISI were weak. In women, short-term exposure to simulated HA reduced insulin sensitivity compared with SL. The change does not appear to be directly mediated by a concurrent rise in plasma epinephrine concentrations. C1 Vet Affairs Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Endocrinol Gerontol & Metab, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Div Thermal & Mt, Natick, MA 01460 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Univ Colorado, Dept Kinesiol & Appl Physiol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Braun, B (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Exercise Sci, 106 Totman Bldg, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. EM bbraun@excsci.umass.edu NR 35 TC 59 Z9 61 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 91 IS 2 BP 623 EP 631 PG 9 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 454AU UT WOS:000169950900011 PM 11457773 ER PT J AU Pashley, DH Agee, KA Nakajima, M Tay, FR Carvalho, RM Terada, RSS Harmon, FJ Lee, WK Rueggeberg, FA AF Pashley, DH Agee, KA Nakajima, M Tay, FR Carvalho, RM Terada, RSS Harmon, FJ Lee, WK Rueggeberg, FA TI Solvent-induced dimensional changes in EDTA-demineralized dentin matrix SO JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE solubility parameters; demineralized dentin; model primers; bioadhesives ID WATER-BASED ADHESIVE; TURKEY LEG TENDON; SOLUBILITY PARAMETERS; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; COLLAGEN-FIBERS; SYSTEMS; STRENGTH; RESIN; HEMA; TEM AB The purpose of this study was to test the null hypothesis that the re-expansion of dried matrix and the shrinkage of moist, demineralized dentin is not influenced by polar solvents. Dentin disks were prepared from mid-coronal dentin of extracted human third molars. After complete demineralization in 0.5M of EDTA (pH 7), the specimens were placed in the well of a device that measures changes in matrix height in real time. Dry, collapsed matrices were created by blowing dry N-2 on the specimens until they shrank to a stable plateau. Polar solvents [water, methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, n-butanol, formamide, ethylene glycol, hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), or mixtures of water-HEMA] as model primers then were added and the degree of re-expansion measured. These same solvents also were applied to moist, expanded matrices and the solvent-induced shrinkages measured. Regression analysis was used to test the correlations between matrix height and Hansen's dispersive, polar, hydrogen bonding, and total solubility parameters (delta (d), delta (p), delta (h), delta (t)). The results indicate that water-free polar solvents of low hydrogen bonding (H-bond) ability (e.g., neat HEMA) do not re-expand dried matrices and that they shrink moist matrices. When HEMA was mixed with progressively higher water concentrations, the model water-HEMA primers expanded the dried matrix in proportion to their water concentrations and they produced less shrinkage of moist matrices. Solvents with higher H-bonding capacities (methanol, ethanol, ethylene glycol, formamide, and water) re-expanded the dried matrix in proportion to their solubility parameters for H-bonding (delta (h)). They also induced small transient shrinkages of moist matrices, which slowly re-expanded The results require rejection of the null hypothesis. (C) 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 56: 273-281, 2001. C1 Med Coll Georgia, Sch Dent, Dept Oral Biol & Maxillofacial Pathol, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. Tokyo Med & Dent Univ, Dept Operat Dent, Tokyo, Japan. Univ Hong Kong, Fac Dent, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Odontol Bauru, Dept Dent, BR-17043101 Bauru, SP, Brazil. USA, Dent Activ, Dept Endodont, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. Chonbuk Natl Univ, Sch Dent, Dept Conservat Dent, Chonju 561756, South Korea. Med Coll Georgia, Sch Dent, Dept Oral Rehabil, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. RP Pashley, DH (reprint author), Med Coll Georgia, Sch Dent, Dept Oral Biol & Maxillofacial Pathol, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. RI Rastelli, Marcio/B-8034-2011; OI Sano Suga Terada, Raquel/0000-0003-1344-9870 FU NIDCR NIH HHS [DE 06427] NR 36 TC 85 Z9 87 U1 0 U2 11 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0021-9304 J9 J BIOMED MATER RES JI J. Biomed. Mater. Res. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 56 IS 2 BP 273 EP 281 DI 10.1002/1097-4636(200108)56:2<273::AID-JBM1095>3.0.CO;2-A PG 9 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 438BJ UT WOS:000169033600015 PM 11340599 ER PT J AU Aronson, NE Cheney, C Rholl, V Burris, D Hadro, N AF Aronson, NE Cheney, C Rholl, V Burris, D Hadro, N TI Biliary giardiasis in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article DE biliary giardiasis; human immunodeficiency virus; Giardia lamblia ID IMMUNE-DEFICIENCY-SYNDROME; PAPILLARY STENOSIS; CHOLECYSTECTOMY; AIDS; CHOLANGIOPATHY; CHOLANGITIS AB A 41-year-old man with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (CD4 count, 446/mm(3)) developed a protracted course of abdominal pain, weight loss, and increasing liver function tests after undergoing a metronidazole treatment regimen for Giardia enteritis. Three months later, endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERCP) showed dilated common and intrahepatic bile ducts and luminal irregularities of the common bile duct. Seven months after the onset of his acute diarrhea, a repeat ERCP with aspiration demonstrated many Giardia trophozoites and cysts in the bile and continued structural abnormalities consistent with cholangiopathy. A 10-day course of high-dose intravenous metronidazole did not resolve these signs or symptoms. A gallbladder ultrasound showed a thickened wall. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy led to resolution of abdominal pain and normalization of serum alkaline phosphatase over an 8-month period. Gallbladder histopathology revealed chronic cholecystitis, but no parasites were seen on hematoxylin and eosin staining or with Giardia antigen enzyme immunoassay testing of the gallbladder. The patient refused to undergo a followup FRCP, but a right upper quadrant ultrasound and computed tomography of the abdomen were normal. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Gastroenterol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Div Infect Dis, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Aronson, NE (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Ward 63,6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 22 TC 14 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0192-0790 J9 J CLIN GASTROENTEROL JI J. Clin. Gastroenterol. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 33 IS 2 BP 167 EP 170 DI 10.1097/00004836-200108000-00018 PG 4 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 456HL UT WOS:000170077000018 PM 11468450 ER PT J AU Forney, JR Magill, AJ Wongsrichanalai, C Sirichaisinthop, J Bautista, CT Heppner, DG Miller, RS Ockenhouse, CF Gubanov, A Shafer, R DeWitt, CC Quino-Ascurra, HA Kester, KE Kain, KC Walsh, DS Ballou, WR Gasser, RA AF Forney, JR Magill, AJ Wongsrichanalai, C Sirichaisinthop, J Bautista, CT Heppner, DG Miller, RS Ockenhouse, CF Gubanov, A Shafer, R DeWitt, CC Quino-Ascurra, HA Kester, KE Kain, KC Walsh, DS Ballou, WR Gasser, RA TI Malaria rapid diagnostic devices: Performance characteristics of the ParaSight F device determined in a multisite field study SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM INFECTION; IMMUNOCHROMATOGRAPHIC TEST; LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS; CLINICAL-DIAGNOSIS; EXPERT MICROSCOPY; DIPSTICK TEST; ANTIGEN; MANAGEMENT; TRAVELERS; ACCURACY AB Microscopic detection of parasites has been the reference standard for malaria diagnosis for decades. However, difficulty in maintaining required technical skills and infrastructure has spurred the development of several nonmicroscopic malaria rapid diagnostic devices based on the detection of malaria parasite antigen in whole blood. The ParaSight F test is one such device. It detects the presence of Plasmodium falciparum-specific histidine-rich protein 2 by using an antigen-capture immunochromatographic strip format. The present study was conducted at outpatient malaria clinics in Iquitos, Peru, and Maesod, Thailand. Duplicate, blinded, expert microscopy was employed as the reference standard for evaluating device performance. Of 2,988 eligible patients, microscopy showed that 547 (18%) had P. falciparum, 658 (22%) had P. vivax, 2 (0.07%) had P. malariae, and 1,750 (59%) were negative for Plasmodium. Mixed infections (P. falciparum and P. vivax) were identified in 31 patients (1%). The overall sensitivity of ParaSight F for P. falciparum was 95%. When stratified by magnitude of parasitemia (no. of asexual parasites per microliter of whole blood), sensitivities were 83% (>0 to 500 parasites/mul), 87% (501 to 1,000/mul), 98% (1,001 to 5,000/mul), and 98% (>5,000/mul). Device specificity was 86%. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. USN, Med Res Ctr Detachment, Lima, Peru. Hosp Apoyo, Iquitos, Peru. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Vector Borne Dis Control Off 1, Sara Buri, Thailand. Toronto Gen Hosp, Toronto, ON, Canada. Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. RP Forney, JR (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Official Mail & Distribut Ctr, MADN CHEM, 646 Swift Rd, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RI Kester, Kent/A-2114-2011; Bautista, Christian/B-2812-2011 OI Kester, Kent/0000-0002-5056-0802; NR 35 TC 36 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 39 IS 8 BP 2884 EP 2890 DI 10.1128/JCM.39.8.2884-2890.2001 PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 459HT UT WOS:000170245500021 PM 11474008 ER PT J AU Hamoush, SA McGinley, MW Mlakar, P Scott, D Murray, K AF Hamoush, SA McGinley, MW Mlakar, P Scott, D Murray, K TI Out-of-plane strengthening of masonry walls with reinforced composites SO JOURNAL OF COMPOSITES FOR CONSTRUCTION LA English DT Article AB This paper presents an investigation into the effectiveness of using fiber-reinforced composite overlays to strengthen existing unreinforced masonry walls to resist out-of-plane static loads. A total of fifteen wall panels [1,200 x 1,800 x 200 mm, (4 ft x 6 ft x 8 in.)] were tested. Twelve panels were assembled with fiber-reinforcing systems attached to the tension side, and the remaining three control walls were left without any external reinforcement. Two configurations of external reinforcement were evaluated. The first reinforcement configuration consisted of two layers of fiber-reinforced plastic webbing and the second consisted of vertical and horizontal bands of undirectional fiber composites. The three wall specimens without external reinforcement were tested to evaluate the change in the system strength and behavior with application of the external reinforcing systems. In addition to the two fiber configurations, the testing program also evaluated two methods of surface preparation of the walls, sand blasting, and wire brush. All specimens were thoroughly washed by water jet, 48 hours prior to application of the fiber-reinforcing systems. Three specimens were tested for each variable. A uniformly distributed lateral load was applied to each panel using the procedures described in the ASTM Standard E-72 Test Method (airbag). Failure loads, strains in the external reinforcement (FRP), out-of-plane deformations, and failure modes were recorded. Recommendations on the usefulness of the proposed technique as a means of strengthening masonry walls for out-of-plane loads are presented. In general, flexural strength of masonry walls can be increased if the shear failure is controlled. C1 N Carolina Agr & Tech State Univ, Arch Engn Dept, Greensboro, NC 27411 USA. USA, Constr & Mat Div, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. N Carolina Agr & Tech State Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Greensboro, NC 27411 USA. RP Hamoush, SA (reprint author), N Carolina Agr & Tech State Univ, Arch Engn Dept, Greensboro, NC 27411 USA. NR 10 TC 56 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 10 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 1090-0268 J9 J COMPOS CONSTR JI J. Compos. Constr. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 5 IS 3 BP 139 EP 145 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0268(2001)5:3(139) PG 7 WC Engineering, Civil; Mechanics; Materials Science, Composites SC Engineering; Mechanics; Materials Science GA 479YF UT WOS:000171431200001 ER PT J AU Vartak, B Derby, JJ AF Vartak, B Derby, JJ TI On stable algorithms and accurate solutions for convection-dominated mass transfer in crystal growth modeling SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Workshop on Modeling in Crystal Growth CY OCT 18-20, 2000 CL HAUPPAUGE, NEW YORK SP US Natl Sci Fdn, Natl Aeronaut & Space Adm, USAF, Asian Off Aerosp R&D, US Civilian Res & Dev Fdn, ASE Amer Inc, Crystal Technol Inc, GT Equipment Technologies Inc, MEMC Electr Inc DE computer simulation; convection; diffusion; fluid flows; mass transfer; growth from solutions ID COMPUTATIONAL FLUID-DYNAMICS; FINITE-ELEMENT FORMULATION; INCOMPRESSIBLE-FLOW COMPUTATIONS; POTASSIUM DIHYDROGEN PHOSPHATE; 3-DIMENSIONAL COMPUTATIONS; SOLUTION HYDRODYNAMICS; STOKES PROBLEM AB We present mesh resolution studies for large-scale, convection-dominated mass transfer computations in modeling the growth of single crystals of potassium titanyl phosphate (KTP) from solution. These computations are performed using the stabilized, Galerkin;least-squares (GLS) finite element formulation. Results are compared from three different finite element meshes that have varying levels of refinement. Use of the stabilized finite element formulation with a coarse mesh for this system yields converged but inaccurate results, showing the importance of careful error assessment when stabilized methods are used for such problems. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Minnesota, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Army HPC Res Ctr, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Univ Minnesota, Minnesota Supercomp Inst, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Derby, JJ (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Army HPC Res Ctr, 421 Washington Ave SE,151 Amundson Hall, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RI Derby, Jeffrey/B-9706-2009; OI Derby, Jeffrey/0000-0001-6418-2155 NR 19 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD AUG PY 2001 VL 230 IS 1-2 BP 202 EP 209 DI 10.1016/S0022-0248(01)01344-6 PG 8 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA 454MM UT WOS:000169976400026 ER PT J AU Kwon, YI Derby, JJ AF Kwon, YI Derby, JJ TI Modeling the coupled effects of interfacial and bulk phenomena during solution crystal growth SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Workshop on Modeling in Crystal Growth CY OCT 18-20, 2000 CL HAUPPAUGE, NEW YORK SP US Natl Sci Fdn, Natl Aeronaut & Space Adm, USAF, Asian Off Aerosp R&D, US Civilian Res & Dev Fdn, ASE Amer Inc, Crystal Technol Inc, GT Equipment Technologies Inc, MEMC Electr Inc DE computer simulation; growth models; mass transfer; surface processes; growth from solutions ID VICINAL FACE; LAYER GROWTH; MORPHOLOGICAL STABILITY; STEP-FLOW; SUPERSATURATION; KINETICS; INSTABILITY; SURFACES; DYNAMICS; TRAINS AB We present a self-consistent, continuum model for the growth of a vicinal facet from solution, which couples surface phenomena and bulk effects. The surface kinetic model, based on the theory of Burton, Cabrera, and Frank (BCF), rigorously accounts for the interactions of discrete growth steps through surface diffusion fields, adsorption and desorption events, ledge growth kinetics with Schwoebel effects, and convective transport due to step motion. This model is self-consistently coupled with a bulk transport model which describes bulk diffusion to terraces, direct bulk diffusion to growth steps, and bulk convective transport due to step motion and applied flow fields. No analytical approximations are made, rather the simultaneous governing equations are solved numerically by an efficient, moving boundary finite element method. Results from a number of benchmark simulations are discussed. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Minnesota, Army HPC Res Ctr, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Univ Minnesota, Minnesota Supercomp Inst, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Derby, JJ (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Army HPC Res Ctr, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, 151 Amundson Hall,421 Washington Ave SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RI Derby, Jeffrey/B-9706-2009; OI Derby, Jeffrey/0000-0001-6418-2155 NR 31 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD AUG PY 2001 VL 230 IS 1-2 BP 328 EP 335 DI 10.1016/S0022-0248(01)01345-8 PG 8 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA 454MM UT WOS:000169976400043 ER PT J AU Wong, H Warke, V Sandeep, K Enyedy, E Nambier, M Farber, D Tsokos, G AF Wong, H Warke, V Sandeep, K Enyedy, E Nambier, M Farber, D Tsokos, G TI Differential regulation of CTLA-4 in human memory and naive CD4+T cells SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Henry Ford Hlth Syst, Detroit, MI USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0022-202X J9 J INVEST DERMATOL JI J. Invest. Dermatol. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 117 IS 2 MA 394 BP 455 EP 455 PG 1 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 466WC UT WOS:000170668300427 ER PT J AU Gillespie, D Patel, A Fileta, B Barnes, S Flagg, A O'Donnell, S Goff, J Villavicencio, J Rich, N Chang, A AF Gillespie, D Patel, A Fileta, B Barnes, S Flagg, A O'Donnell, S Goff, J Villavicencio, J Rich, N Chang, A TI Gene expression of MMP-1 and MMP-13 is up-regulated with worsening venous reflux in patients with venous insufficiency SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Div Vasc Surg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Vasc Surg Sect, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Mol Biol Sect, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Sect Stat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0022-202X J9 J INVEST DERMATOL JI J. Invest. Dermatol. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 117 IS 2 MA 786 BP 520 EP 520 PG 1 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 466WC UT WOS:000170668300816 ER PT J AU Suwanabun, N Sattabongkot, J Tsuboi, T Torii, M Maneechai, N Rachapaew, N Yim-amnuaychok, N Punkitchar, V Coleman, RE AF Suwanabun, N Sattabongkot, J Tsuboi, T Torii, M Maneechai, N Rachapaew, N Yim-amnuaychok, N Punkitchar, V Coleman, RE TI Development of a method for the in vitro production of Plasmodium vivax ookinetes SO JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article ID XANTHURENIC ACID; MALARIA PARASITE; MOSQUITO; INFECTIVITY; ACTIVATION; VECTOR; BLOOD AB We developed a method for the in vitro production of mature Plasmodium vivax ookinetes. Gametocytemic blood was collected from 98 P. vivax-infected patients reporting to malaria clinics in Maesod and Maekasa Districts. Tak Province, Thailand. Briefly, gametogenesis was induced using xanthurenic acid and parasites were separated by density gradient centrifugation and then cultured in RPMI-1640, pH 7.8-8.2. At the same time that blood was collected. 200 Anopheles dirus mosquitoes were allowed to feed on each patient. Mosquito midguts were removed 2-36 hr postfeeding, and gut contents were smeared onto glass slides. as were cultured samples from varying time points. Slides were stained with Giemsa. and the in vitro and mosquito development of ookinetes compared. Mature ookinetes were produced in 48.0% (47/ 98) of in vitro cultures, with a total yield ranging from 10 to 248,500 ((x) over bar = 15,523, median = 600) ookinetes produced per 5 ml blood. The temporal development and the morphology of the P. vivax ookinetes produced in vitro was similar to that observed in the A. dirus mosquitoes. The method that we describe is simple, can be used at remote sites without sophisticated equipment, and yields high numbers of clean ookinetes. This method of producing mature P. vivax ookinetes will be a useful tool for studies on ookinetes in P. vivax endemic regions. C1 Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Entomol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Ehime Univ, Sch Med, Dept Mol Parasitol, Shigenobu, Ehime 7910295, Japan. RP Suwanabun, N (reprint author), Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Entomol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. NR 19 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC PARASITOLOGISTS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0022-3395 EI 1937-2345 J9 J PARASITOL JI J. Parasitol. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 87 IS 4 BP 928 EP 930 DI 10.1645/0022-3395(2001)087[0928:DOAMFT]2.0.CO;2 PG 3 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 465JL UT WOS:000170585800037 PM 11534665 ER PT J AU Fitzgerald, JF Troncone, R Yeung, KA Pineiro-Carrero, VM Bornstein, JA AF Fitzgerald, JF Troncone, R Yeung, KA Pineiro-Carrero, VM Bornstein, JA TI Clinical quiz - Gaucher disease SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC GASTROENTEROLOGY AND NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID DIAGNOSIS C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Nemours Childrens Clin, Div Pediat Gastroenterol, Orlando, FL USA. RP Fitzgerald, JF (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0277-2116 J9 J PEDIATR GASTR NUTR JI J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 33 IS 2 BP 182 EP + DI 10.1097/00005176-200108000-00016 PG 2 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pediatrics SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pediatrics GA 468KC UT WOS:000170755800016 ER PT J AU Paul, BF Horning, GM Hellstein, JW Schafer, DR AF Paul, BF Horning, GM Hellstein, JW Schafer, DR TI The osteoinductive potential of demineralized freeze-dried bone allograft in human non-orthotopic sites: A pilot study SO JOURNAL OF PERIODONTOLOGY LA English DT Article DE bone, freeze-dried; bone, demineralized; grafts, bone; guided bone; regeneration; osteogenesis ID ATTACHMENT APPARATUS FORMATION; HISTOLOGIC EVALUATION; RIDGE AUGMENTATION; AUTOLOGOUS BONE; INDUCE AB Background: The use of demineralized freeze-dried bone allograft (DFDBA) in periodontal therapy is widely accepted. In addition to histologic studies demonstrating its role in regenerating the attachment apparatus, its recognized ability to exhibit osteoinduction in small laboratory mammals has prompted many clinicians to regard it as osteoinductive when utilized in periodontal therapy. Despite such a theoretical deduction, evaluating and establishing the osteoinductive potential of DFDBA in humans has been problematic. The purpose of this study was to investigate, through the use of a novel implantation/recovery model, the potential of DFDBA to induce new bone formation at sites not normally considered capable of de novo osteogenic activity. Methods: Seven patients scheduled to undergo periodontal therapy utilizing non-absorbable membranes agreed to have sterile polypropylene mesh capsules placed adjacent to the primary surgical site for the purpose of this investigation. One capsule was left empty while the second capsule contained DFDBA. At the appropriate time interval for removal of the therapeutic membrane, the capsules were removed and submitted for histologic analysis. Five of the subjects had procedures directed at regenerating bone within molar furcations (guided tissue regeneration) and had the membranes and associated capsules removed between 6 and 8 weeks. The 2 remaining patients had procedures directed toward ridge augmentation (guided bone regeneration) and had the membranes removed either at 8 or 9 months, respectively. In addition, one of the 2 long-term membrane patients had liberal cortical penetration performed directly beneath the implanted capsule. Results: Histologic analysis of all recovered capsules by 2 independent oral and maxillofacial pathologists could not confirm the presence of either osteoblastic or osteoclastic activity associated with the DFDBA particles, although the 2 longer-term specimens clearly exhibited trace amounts of vital bone non-contiguous with the implanted material. Conclusions: The results of this pilot study do not support the osteoinductive potential of DFDBA when utilized in quantities normally associated with periodontal bone grafting, although they do support the use of this implantation/recovery model to study other preparations and mechanisms of bone formation. C1 USN, Dent Ctr Mid Atlantic Reg, Dept Periodont, Norfolk, VA 23511 USA. Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Ft Gordon, GA USA. USN, Sch Postgrad Dent, Dept Oral & Maxillofacial Pathol, Bethesda, MD 20084 USA. RP Paul, BF (reprint author), USN, Dent Ctr Mid Atlantic Reg, Dept Periodont, 1647 Taussig Blvd, Norfolk, VA 23511 USA. NR 20 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER ACAD PERIODONTOLOGY PI CHICAGO PA 737 NORTH MICHIGAN AVENUE, SUITE 800, CHICAGO, IL 60611-2690 USA SN 0022-3492 J9 J PERIODONTOL JI J. Periodont. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 72 IS 8 BP 1064 EP 1068 DI 10.1902/jop.2001.72.8.1064 PG 5 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 464TB UT WOS:000170546900012 PM 11525439 ER PT J AU Fowler, EB Breault, LG AF Fowler, EB Breault, LG TI Failure of resin ionomers in the retention of multi-rooted teeth with Class III furcation involvement: A rebuttal case report SO JOURNAL OF PERIODONTOLOGY LA English DT Article DE dental restoration, permanent; furcation/therapy; furcation/etiology; furcation/surgery; follow-up studies ID GUIDED TISSUE REGENERATION; EXPANDED POLYTETRAFLUOROETHYLENE MEMBRANES; TREATED PERIODONTAL PATIENTS; FREEZE-DRIED BONE; LONG-TERM SURVEY; CLINICAL-EVALUATION; MULTIROOTED TEETH; TOOTH LOSS; DEFECTS; MAINTENANCE AB Background: Severe periodontal furcation invasion has long been a treatment dilemma for the clinician. Many techniques have been advocated in the treatment of multi-rooted posterior teeth ranging fi-om conventional scaling and root planing (SRP), apically positioned flaps, root amputations, root resections, tunnel procedures, guided tissue regeneration, and restorations. The keys to success depend on the clinician's ability to access the furcation to remove local factors and create an environment that enhances the patient's own hygiene efforts. Long-term success in treating teeth with furcation invasion depends upon tooth retention and arresting the destructive processes within the furcation area. Methods: A Class III furcation invasion in a mandibular molar was treated by surgical access for SRP along with obliterating the furcation utilizing a resin ionomer restoration. Results: Initially, the patient was asymptomatic. Within 3 months of treatment, the patient presented with suppuration that was refractory to local efforts. Radiographs taken only 5 months postsurgery demonstrated advanced bone loss apical to the restoration. The tooth ultimately was extracted because mobility increased and the tooth became symptomatic. Conclusions: The clinician must consider the multi-factorial etiology of periodontal breakdown within a furcation. For this patient, the technique of sealing off the exposed furcation with restorative material appeared to have resulted in progressive bone loss and accelerate tooth loss. This single case report is presented as a rebuttal to recently published articles, which have demonstrated excellent results when treating furcations with ionomer restorations. C1 Dept Periodont, Ft Lewis, WA USA. Dept Periodont, Schofield Barracks, HI USA. RP Fowler, EB (reprint author), 16620 135th Ave E, Puyallup, WA 98374 USA. NR 42 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ACAD PERIODONTOLOGY PI CHICAGO PA 737 NORTH MICHIGAN AVENUE, SUITE 800, CHICAGO, IL 60611-2690 USA SN 0022-3492 J9 J PERIODONTOL JI J. Periodont. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 72 IS 8 BP 1084 EP 1091 DI 10.1902/jop.2001.72.8.1084 PG 8 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 464TB UT WOS:000170546900015 PM 11525442 ER PT J AU Jones, A AF Jones, A TI An examination of the MMPI-2 Wiener-Harmon subtle subscales for D and Hy: Implications for parent scale and neurotic triad interpretation SO JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article ID CHRONIC PAIN PATIENTS; DEPRESSION SCALE; OBVIOUS SCALES; VALIDITY AB This research explores the scale development process for the MMPI-2 Wiener and Harmon (1946) Subtle subscales for Depression (D) and Hysteria (Hy) to provide insight into why certain items were included on these scales and were subsequently but inappropriately assumed to be subtle indicators of the same pathology that the Obvious items measure. In this research, I also explore what the Subtle scales on D and Hy measure and their potential utility for the interpretation of their parent scales and the "neurotic triad." It was hypothesized that the D and Hy Subtle subscales are related to denial, repression, or both and this hypothesis was supported. In a sample of 1,240 inpatient and outpatient psychiatric patients at a large Army medical center, it was found that these subscales had strong positive correlations with other scales on the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2; Butcher, Dahlstrom, Graham, Tellegen, & Kaemmer, 1989) related to denial, repression, or both. It was also found that they had strong negative correlations with scales on the MMPI-2 and Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (MCMI-II; Millon, 1987) that are related to symptom endorsement, which can be considered the opposite of denial or repression. In addition, ratings of the Subtle items on D and Hy by clinical psychology residents were consistent with the hypothesis that these items reflect a denial of psychological or physical dysfunction. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Psychol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Jones, A (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Psychol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 39 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU LAWRENCE ERLBAUM ASSOC INC PI MAHWAH PA 10 INDUSTRIAL AVE, MAHWAH, NJ 07430-2262 USA SN 0022-3891 J9 J PERS ASSESS JI J. Pers. Assess. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 77 IS 1 BP 105 EP 121 DI 10.1207/S15327752JPA7701_07 PG 17 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychology, Social SC Psychology GA 470EV UT WOS:000170858200007 PM 11562096 ER PT J AU Gonzalez, F Videen, G Valle, PJ Saiz, JM de la Pena, JL Moreno, F AF Gonzalez, F Videen, G Valle, PJ Saiz, JM de la Pena, JL Moreno, F TI Light scattering computational methods for particles on substrates SO JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Conference on Light Scattering by Nonspherical Particles CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2000 CL DALHOUSIE UNIV, HALIFAX, CANADA SP USA Res Lab, Opt Soc Amer HO DALHOUSIE UNIV DE scattering; particle sizing; electromagnetic numerical methods; particles on substrates ID OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; CONDUCTING PLANE; SURFACES; CYLINDER; SPHERE; MODEL AB Four theoretical and computational methods to describe the scattering from simple particles on substrates are presented and discussed. These methods are based on the extinction theorem, image theory, the double-interaction model, and geometrical optics tray-tracing). We compare the four methods with measurements of scattered light from gold metallic cylinders resting on a gold metallic substrate. In particular, we analyze the co-polarized (s and p polarization) full-scan and back-scattering intensities in the far field within the plane of incidence. Advantages and disadvantages of each method as a computational and reliable tool are discussed. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Cantabria, Dept Fis Aplicada, E-39005 Santander, Spain. AMSRL CI EM, Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP de la Pena, JL (reprint author), Univ Cantabria, Dept Fis Aplicada, Avda Castros S-N, E-39005 Santander, Spain. RI Valle, Pedro/H-2630-2015; OI Valle, Pedro/0000-0001-6979-1267; SAIZ, JOSE MARIA/0000-0003-3713-9877 NR 27 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4073 J9 J QUANT SPECTROSC RA JI J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transf. PD AUG-SEP PY 2001 VL 70 IS 4-6 BP 383 EP 393 DI 10.1016/S0022-4073(01)00018-8 PG 11 WC Optics; Spectroscopy SC Optics; Spectroscopy GA 454ME UT WOS:000169975700003 ER PT J AU Simao, AG Guimaraes, LG Videen, G AF Simao, AG Guimaraes, LG Videen, G TI A comparative study in resonant light scattering between spherical and cylindrical dielectric hosts with a metallic inclusion SO JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Conference on Light Scattering by Nonspherical Particles CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2000 CL DALHOUSIE UNIV, HALIFAX, CANADA SP USA Res Lab, Opt Soc Amer HO DALHOUSIE UNIV ID MORPHOLOGY-DEPENDENT RESONANCES; ANNULAR BILLIARD; ABSORPTION; MICRODROPLETS; SPHERES AB We show that dielectric spherical and cylindrical particles contaminated with a metallic inclusion have similar spectral resonant behavior. Both geometries show resonance suppression as the position of the inclusion varies. Moreover, it was theoretically observed that the spherical particle suppresses a resonant mode earlier than the cylindrical one. Based on semi-classical arguments. a physical interpretation of this fact is given. In addition, a comment is also made regarding Wiscombe's criteria for estimating the size of the coefficient matrix used to solve the truncated non-homogeneous set of linear equations related to this problem. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 USA, Res Lab, White Sands Missile Range, AMSRL CI EM, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Inst Fis, Dept Fis Nucl, BR-21945970 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. RP Videen, G (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, White Sands Missile Range, AMSRL CI EM, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 28 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4073 J9 J QUANT SPECTROSC RA JI J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transf. PD AUG-SEP PY 2001 VL 70 IS 4-6 BP 777 EP 786 DI 10.1016/S0022-4073(01)00045-0 PG 10 WC Optics; Spectroscopy SC Optics; Spectroscopy GA 454ME UT WOS:000169975700030 ER PT J AU Watson, SJ AF Watson, SJ TI Forgotten valor: The memoirs, journals and civil war letters of Orlando B. Willcox SO JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Watson, SJ (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOUTHERN HISTORICAL ASSOC PI ATHENS PA UNIV GEORGIA, HISTORY DEPT, ATHENS, GA 30602 USA SN 0022-4642 J9 J SOUTHERN HIST JI J. South. Hist. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 67 IS 3 BP 668 EP 670 DI 10.2307/3070052 PG 3 WC History SC History GA 461CA UT WOS:000170346300037 ER PT J AU Silverstein, JD AF Silverstein, JD TI Alternative implementations of the Two-Mu algorithm SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA A-OPTICS IMAGE SCIENCE AND VISION LA English DT Article AB I describe implementations of the Two-Mu image-restoration algorithm that model the center portion of the convolution of the point-spread function and the original image (this has been done heretofore), as well as those that model the full range of that convolution. The full convolution methods produce processed images of simple, simulated scenes that are comparable in quality with, and often involve computations that are considerably shorter than, those of the center convolution methods. The full convolution methods incur some loss of information near the edge of the scene. However, that loss may not be significant for large images, especially for those in which the important information is far from the edge of the scene. (C) 2001 Optical Society of America. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, SE,RM, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Silverstein, JD (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, SE,RM, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0740-3232 J9 J OPT SOC AM A JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. A-Opt. Image Sci. Vis. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 18 IS 8 BP 1853 EP 1861 DI 10.1364/JOSAA.18.001853 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA 455HK UT WOS:000170021300007 PM 11488489 ER PT J AU Gering, SA Foster, MA Harnisch, MC McNeil, JJ AF Gering, SA Foster, MA Harnisch, MC McNeil, JJ TI Traumatic pneumobilia: Case report SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article AB Pneumobilia is an uncommon finding, and pneumobilia caused by blunt abdominal trauma has not been reported. An extensive review of the literature revealed only one case report of hepatic parenchymal air secondary to blunt abdominal trauma,(1) but no cases of trauma-induced pneumobilia. The presence of pneumobilia usually denotes an abnormal connection between the gastrointestinal and biliary tracts. In the absence of a surgically created anastomosis, the finding of air in the biliary tree of the liver has historically been considered an indication of serious disease or pathology,(2-4) usually indicating the need for surgical exploration. We present an elderly female patient who sustained blunt abdominal trauma and was found to have massive pneumobilia by computed tomographic (CT) scan of the abdomen. This patient had no history of abdominal surgery or gallstone disease. We review the common sources of pneumobilia and then speculate about the most likely cause of this patient's pneumobilia. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, SDG, MCHE, Gen Surg Serv,Dept Surg, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP McNeil, JJ (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, SDG, MCHE, Gen Surg Serv,Dept Surg, 3851 Roger Brooke Rd, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 13 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD AUG PY 2001 VL 51 IS 2 BP 391 EP 394 DI 10.1097/00005373-200108000-00030 PG 4 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 463DW UT WOS:000170462400028 PM 11493806 ER PT J AU Kizer, WS Dykes, TE Brent, EL Chatham, JR Schwartz, BF AF Kizer, WS Dykes, TE Brent, EL Chatham, JR Schwartz, BF TI Paratesticular spindle cell rhabdomyosarcoma in an adult SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material DE rhabdomyosarcoma; lymph node excision; orchiectomy; testis C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Serv Urol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Schwartz, BF (reprint author), Dept Urol, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 3 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 166 IS 2 BP 606 EP 607 DI 10.1016/S0022-5347(05)65997-6 PG 2 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 451KE UT WOS:000169800600060 PM 11458081 ER PT J AU Fehmi, JS Bartolome, JW AF Fehmi, JS Bartolome, JW TI A grid-based method for sampling and analysing spatially ambiguous plants SO JOURNAL OF VEGETATION SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE grassland; Nassella pulchra; pattern analysis; Ripley's K-function; sampling scale ID PATTERN-ANALYSIS; K-FUNCTION; COMPETITION; ECOLOGY; GOPHERS AB Spatial data can provide much information about the interrelations of plants and the relationship between individuals and the environment. Spatially ambiguous plants. i.e. plants without readily identifiable loci. and plants that are profusely abundant. present non-trivial impediments to the collection and analysis of vegetation data derived from standard spatial sampling techniques, Sampling with grids of presence/absence quadrats can ameliorate much of this difficulty. Our analysis of 10 fully-mapped grassland plots demonstrates the applicability of the grid-based approach which revealed spatial dependence at a much lower sampling effort than mapping each plant. Ripley's K-function, a test commonly used for point patterns. was effective for pattern analysis on the grids and the gridded quadrat technique was an effective tool for quantifying spatial patterns. The addition of spatial pattern measures should allow for better comparisons of vegetation structure between sites, instead of sole reliance on species composition data. C1 USDA ARS, No Great Plains Res Lab, Mandan, ND 58554 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 95723 USA. RP Fehmi, JS (reprint author), CERL, 2902 Newmark Dr, Champaign, IL 61826 USA. OI Fehmi, Jeffrey/0000-0003-0618-9740 NR 27 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 7 PU OPULUS PRESS UPPSALA AB PI LANNA PA MALMEN, S-740 11 LANNA, SWEDEN SN 1100-9233 J9 J VEG SCI JI J. Veg. Sci. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 12 IS 4 BP 467 EP 472 DI 10.2307/3236998 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA 489GT UT WOS:000171984200003 ER PT J AU Cretin, S Farley, DO Dolter, KJ Nicholas, W AF Cretin, S Farley, DO Dolter, KJ Nicholas, W TI Evaluating an integrated approach to clinical quality improvement - Clinical guidelines, quality measurement, and supportive system design SO MEDICAL CARE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Round Table Meeting on Implementing Evidence-Based Recommendations for Health Care CY OCT 05-06, 1999 CL LEEDS CASTLE, ENGLAND SP Pfizer Inc, Roche Pharmaceut, Int Div, Bristol Myers Squibb Co, GlaxoWellcome Inc, Merck & Co, Hackensack Univ Med Ctr DE clinical guidelines; quality improvement; quality measurement; systems approach; change management; guideline implementation; evaluation design ID CONTINUING MEDICAL-EDUCATION; PRIMARY-CARE; COLLABORATIVE MANAGEMENT; CONTROLLED-TRIAL; CHRONIC ILLNESS; IMPACT; IMPLEMENTATION; PERFORMANCE; OUTCOMES AB BACKGROUND. Implementing clinical practice guidelines to change patient outcomes presents a challenge. Studies of single interventions focused on changing provider behavior demonstrate modest effects, suggesting that effective guideline implementation requires a multifaceted approach. Traditional biomedical research designs are not well suited to evaluating systems interventions. OBJECTIVES. RAND and the Army Medical Department collaborated to develop and evaluate a system for implementing guidelines and documenting their effects on patient care. RESEARCH DESIGN. The evaluation design blended quality improvement, case study, and epidemiologic methods. A formative evaluation of implementation process and an outcome evaluation of patient impact were combined. SUBJECTS. Guidelines were implemented in 3 successive demonstrations targeting low back pain, asthma, and diabetes. This paper reports on the first wave of 4 facilities implementing a low back pain guideline. METHODS. Organizational climate and culture, motivation, leadership commitment, and resources were assessed. Selected indicators of processes and outcomes of care were compared before, during, and after guideline implementation at the demonstration facilities and at comparison facilities. Logistic regression analysis was used to test for guideline effects on patient care. RESULTS. Process evaluation documented varied approaches to quality improvement across sites. Outcome evaluation revealed a significant downward trend in the percentage of acute low back pain patients referred to physical therapy or chiropractic care (10.7% to 7.2%) at demonstration sites and no such trend at control sites. CONCLUSIONS. Preliminary results suggest the power of this design to stimulate improvements in guideline implementation while retaining the power to evaluate rigorously effects on patient care. C1 RAND Hlth, Santa Monica, CA 90407 USA. USA, Med Command, Houston, TX USA. RP Cretin, S (reprint author), RAND Hlth, POB 2138,1700 Main St, Santa Monica, CA 90407 USA. EM shan@rand.org NR 47 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0025-7079 EI 1537-1948 J9 MED CARE JI Med. Care PD AUG PY 2001 VL 39 IS 8 SU LC2 BP II70 EP II84 PG 15 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 460NL UT WOS:000170313600005 PM 11583123 ER PT J AU West, BJ AF West, BJ TI Fractal probability measures of learning SO METHODS LA English DT Article ID STRANGE ATTRACTORS; EEG; DIMENSION; CHAOS; TASK AB Herein we introduce a technique for determining the fractal dimension of time series obtained from complex systems, in particular brain-wave data in which the fractal dimension is arguably a measure of awareness and learning. The technique is based on determining the probability distribution for the degree of irregularity in random time series and has been shown to be superior in terms of efficiency and reliability to more commonly used methods that rely on the correlation function. We speculate that the scaling behavior of the probability measure is an indicator of an allometric relation between learning and brain-wave activity. (C) 2001 Academic Press. C1 Univ N Texas, Ctr Nonlinear Sci, Denton, TX 76203 USA. Univ N Texas, Dept Phys, Denton, TX 76203 USA. RP West, BJ (reprint author), USA, Res Off, Div Math, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. NR 39 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1046-2023 J9 METHODS JI Methods PD AUG PY 2001 VL 24 IS 4 BP 395 EP 402 DI 10.1006/meth.2001.1208 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 458ZX UT WOS:000170226300009 PM 11466003 ER PT J AU De Lorenzo, RA AF De Lorenzo, RA TI Medic for the millennium: The US Army 91W health care specialist SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID COMBAT CASUALTY CARE; SPECIAL OPERATIONS; NONBATTLE INJURY; MILITARY; DISEASE; FOCUS AB The new millennium challenges the Army Medical Department to provide good care in a variety of circumstances from peacetime to operations other than war to combat. To provide care in this broad variety of missions, the Army Medical Department needs flexible providers. The new 91W health care specialist enlisted medic is designed to meet this need. By coupling skills in emergency care, evacuation, medical force protection, and primary care with certification in emergency medical technology, the 91W initiative will fill the needs of the Army now and into the new millennium. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, MCHE EM, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP De Lorenzo, RA (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, MCHE EM, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 28 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 166 IS 8 BP 685 EP 688 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653DE UT WOS:000181419300004 PM 11515317 ER PT J AU Anderson, J Shea-Donahue, T Rehring, S Fleming, S Tsokos, G Basta, M AF Anderson, J Shea-Donahue, T Rehring, S Fleming, S Tsokos, G Basta, M TI IVIG protects against mesenteric ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats by site-specific scavenging of C3 SO MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Silver Spring, MD USA. NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0161-5890 J9 MOL IMMUNOL JI Mol. Immunol. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 38 IS 2-3 MA 3 BP 78 EP 78 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology GA 470MG UT WOS:000170875300005 ER PT J AU Szebeni, J Baranyi, L Barenholz, Y Talmon, Y Danino, D Savay, S Laverman, P Metselaar, JM Storm, G Basta, M Bunger, R Alving, CR AF Szebeni, J Baranyi, L Barenholz, Y Talmon, Y Danino, D Savay, S Laverman, P Metselaar, JM Storm, G Basta, M Bunger, R Alving, CR TI Role of complement in pseudoallergic reactions to liposomal and micellar formulations of intravenous drugs SO MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Membrane Biochem, Silver Spring, MD USA. Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Lab Membrane & Liposome Res, Jerusalem, Israel. Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Chem Engn, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. Univ Nijmegen, Med Ctr, Dept Nucl Med, Nijmegen, Netherlands. Univ Utrecht, Utrecht Inst Pharmaceut Sci, Utrecht, Netherlands. NINCDS, Epilepsy Res Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Physiol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RI Laverman, P./L-4476-2015; Storm, Gert/O-8696-2016 NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0161-5890 J9 MOL IMMUNOL JI Mol. Immunol. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 38 IS 2-3 MA 119 BP 123 EP 124 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology GA 470MG UT WOS:000170875300119 ER PT J AU Moul, JW AF Moul, JW TI Combined-modality staging for localized adenocarcinoma of the prostate - The D'Amico article reviewed SO ONCOLOGY-NEW YORK LA English DT Editorial Material ID CANCER C1 US Dept Def, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Washington, DC 20305 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Washington, DC USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Moul, JW (reprint author), US Dept Def, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Washington, DC 20305 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU P R R INC PI MELVILLE PA 48 SOUTH SERVICE RD, MELVILLE, NY 11747 USA SN 0890-9091 J9 ONCOLOGY-NY JI Oncology-NY PD AUG PY 2001 VL 15 IS 8 BP 1060 EP 1062 PG 3 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 467JJ UT WOS:000170698400018 ER PT J AU Smith, JA Ballard, JR AF Smith, JA Ballard, JR TI Thermal infrared hot spot and dependence on canopy geometry SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE remote sensing; thermal infrared; brightness temperature; directional anisotropy; hot spot; canopy geometry ID MODEL AB For simple homogeneous canopies, we predict canopy thermal infrared hot spot variations of 2 degreesC at the surface with respect to nadir viewing. Dependence on leaf size is weak as long as the ratio of leaf size to canopy height is maintained. However, the angular width of the hot spot increases as the ratio of leaf diameter to canopy height increases. Atmospheric effects minimize but do not eliminate the TIR hot spot at satellite altitudes. (C) 2001 society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Terr Phys Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. USAE, Ctr Res & Dev, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Smith, JA (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Terr Phys Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. NR 7 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOCIETY OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 40 IS 8 BP 1435 EP 1437 DI 10.1117/1.1387990 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 471ML UT WOS:000170933100003 ER PT J AU Jin, F Khurgin, JB Wang, CC Trivedi, S Gad, E AF Jin, F Khurgin, JB Wang, CC Trivedi, S Gad, E TI Displacement measurement with adjustable range by use of the photoelectromotive force effect and a frequency-modulated laser diode SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DISTANCE MEASUREMENT AB We demonstrate a scheme for displacement measurement by use of the photoelectromotive force effect and a frequency-modulated laser diode. The measurement range can be adjusted by a change in the depth of frequency modulation, thus making the measurement method both simple and versatile. (C) 2001 Optical Society of America. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Brimrose Corp, Baltimore, MD 21236 USA. USA, Space & Missile Def Command, Huntsville, AL 35907 USA. RP Jin, F (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RI khurgin, Jacob/A-3278-2010 NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD AUG 1 PY 2001 VL 26 IS 15 BP 1170 EP 1172 DI 10.1364/OL.26.001170 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 457MH UT WOS:000170140900018 PM 18049552 ER PT J AU Roebuck, JD Finger, DR Irvin, TL AF Roebuck, JD Finger, DR Irvin, TL TI Evaluation of suspected stress fractures SO ORTHOPEDICS LA English DT Article ID LEG PAIN; PERIOSTEAL; BONE AB Stress fractures can occur if normal bone is exposed to repeated abnormal stress (fatigue fractures) or if normal stress is placed on bones with compromised elastic resistance (insufficiency fractures). This article describes two patients without a history of excessive stressful activity or apparent metabolic bone disease who developed bilateral distal tibia[ stress fractures. Different etiologies, clinical presentation, differential diagnosis, and diagnostic imaging modalities of stress fractures are discussed. C1 Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Med & Rheumatol, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. RP Finger, DR (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Rheumatol Serv, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 14 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0147-7447 J9 ORTHOPEDICS JI Orthopedics PD AUG PY 2001 VL 24 IS 8 BP 771 EP 773 PG 3 WC Orthopedics SC Orthopedics GA 464TN UT WOS:000170548000018 PM 11518407 ER PT J AU Shaw, WS Feuerstein, M Haufler, AJ Berkowitz, SM Lopez, MS AF Shaw, WS Feuerstein, M Haufler, AJ Berkowitz, SM Lopez, MS TI Working with low back pain: problem-solving orientation and function SO PAIN LA English DT Article DE low back pain; high-risk occupations; problem-solving; physical and psychosocial function; secondary prevention ID NEGATIVE LIFE STRESS; US ARMY PERSONNEL; DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS; PRIMARY-CARE; DISABILITY; INTERVENTION; STRATEGIES; VARIABLES; INVENTORY; MODERATOR AB A number of ergonomic, workplace and individual psychosocial factors and health behaviors have been associated with the onset, exacerbation and/or maintenance of low back pain (LBP). The functional impact of these factors may be influenced by how a worker approaches problems in general. The present study was conducted to determine whether problem-solving orientation was associated with physical and mental health outcomes in fully employed workers (soldiers) reporting a history of LBP in the Fast year. The sample: consisted of 475 soldiers (446 male, 29 female; mean age 24.5 years) who worked in jobs identified as high risk for LBP-related disability and reported LBP symptoms in the past 12 months. The: Social Problem-Solving Inventory and the Standard Form-12 (SF-I) were completed by all subjects. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were used to predict the SF-12 physical health summary scale from interactions: of. LBP symptoms with each of live problem-solving subscales. Leu; scores on positive problem-solving orientation (F(1.457)= 4.49), and high scores on impulsivity/carelessness (F(1,457) = 9.11) were associated with a steeper gradient in functional lass related to LBP. Among those with a longer history of low-grade LBP, an avoidant approach to problem-solving was also associated with a steeper. gradient of Functional loss (three-way interaction; F(1,458) = 4.58). These results suggest that the prolonged impact of LBP on daily function may be reduced by assisting affected workers to conceptualize LBP as a problem that can be overcome and using strategies that promote taking an active role in reducing risks for LBP. Secondary prevention efforts may be improved by addressing these factors. (C) 2001 International Association for the Study of Pain. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Liberty Mutual Ctr Disabil Res, Hopkinton, MA 01748 USA. Dept Vet Affairs, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20420 USA. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Feuerstein, M (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 41 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3959 J9 PAIN JI Pain PD AUG PY 2001 VL 93 IS 2 BP 129 EP 137 DI 10.1016/S0304-3959(01)00304-9 PG 9 WC Anesthesiology; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Anesthesiology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 451LY UT WOS:000169804600006 PM 11427324 ER PT J AU Iwamoto, LM Gries, DM Nakamura, KT AF Iwamoto, LM Gries, DM Nakamura, KT TI Loop diuretics and in vitro relaxation of human fetal and newborn mouse airways SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID SEVERE BRONCHOPULMONARY DYSPLASIA; SMOOTH-MUSCLE; INDUCED BRONCHOCONSTRICTION; INHALED FUROSEMIDE; GUINEA-PIGS; INFANTS; RESISTANCE; EPITHELIUM; INVITRO; PRETERM AB This study was designed to test the hypotheses that furosemide directly causes relaxation in human fetal airway and that delivery of loop diuretics to either the adventitial or epithelial surface of newborn mouse airway results in equivalent relaxation. Isometric tension changes were measured in human fetal (11-16 wk) trachea and mainstem bronchus rings exposed to furosemide (300 muM) or saline after acetylcholine or leukotriene D-4 constriction. Significant decreases in isometric tension to furosemide were demonstrated after constriction with acetylcholine or leukotriene D4. To examine the site of effect and mimic aerosolized and systemic administration, furosemide (3-300 muM) and bumetanide (0.3-30 muM) were applied separately to epithelial and adventitial surfaces of newborn mouse airways. No differences in airway diameter changes to epithelial or adventitial furosemide or bumetanide were observed, but a 10-fold difference in potency was found. In summary, human fetal airway relaxed to furosemide when constricted with either neurotransmitter or inflammatory mediator in vitro. Further, no differences in relaxation to equimolar epithelial and adventitial furosemide were observed in isolated newborn mouse airway. Taken together, this provides evidence that furosemide has a direct, nonepithelial-dependent effect on airway smooth muscle tone. C1 Univ Hawaii, Kapiolani Med Ctr Women & Children, Dept Pediat, Honolulu, HI 96826 USA. Univ Hawaii, John A Burns Sch Med, Honolulu, HI 96826 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Iwamoto, LM (reprint author), Univ Hawaii, Kapiolani Med Ctr Women & Children, Dept Pediat, 1319 Punahou St,Room 752, Honolulu, HI 96826 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [P20 RR11091, U54 RR14607]; NICHD NIH HHS [HD 00836] NR 29 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT PEDIATRIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 USA SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 50 IS 2 BP 273 EP 276 DI 10.1203/00006450-200108000-00018 PG 4 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 456RV UT WOS:000170096800018 PM 11477215 ER PT J AU Andersson, N Davis, SP Edvinsson, G Winkel, RJ AF Andersson, N Davis, SP Edvinsson, G Winkel, RJ TI Rotational analysis of the LaS spectrum in the region 5000-15000 cm(-1) SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA LA English DT Article AB The emission spectrum of LaS from a King-type furnace has been recorded in the region 1800-16000 cm(-1) by a Fourier Transform spectrophotometer (FTS). The transitions A(2)Pi (r) --> X(2)Sigma (+), B(2)Sigma (+) --> X(2)Sigma (+) and the new found A(2)Pi (r) --> A ' (2)Delta (r) transition have been rotationally analysed. The ground state X(2)Sigma (+) exhibits hyperfine structure case (b(betaJ)). C1 Univ Stockholm, Dept Phys, S-11385 Stockholm, Sweden. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Phys, W Point, NY 10096 USA. RP Andersson, N (reprint author), Univ Stockholm, Dept Phys, Box 6730, S-11385 Stockholm, Sweden. NR 8 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU ROYAL SWEDISH ACAD SCIENCES PI STOCKHOLM PA PUBL DEPT BOX 50005, S-104 05 STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN SN 0281-1847 J9 PHYS SCRIPTA JI Phys. Scr. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 64 IS 2 BP 134 EP 139 DI 10.1238/Physica.Regular.064a00134 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 466XE UT WOS:000170670800008 ER PT J AU Mathur, R Heider, D Hoffmann, C Gillespie, JW Advani, SG Fink, BK AF Mathur, R Heider, D Hoffmann, C Gillespie, JW Advani, SG Fink, BK TI Flow front measurements and model validation in the vacuum assisted resin transfer molding process SO POLYMER COMPOSITES LA English DT Article AB Through-thickness measurements were recorded to experimentally investigate the through thickness flow and to validate a closed form solution of the resin flow during the vacuum assisted resin transfer molding process (VARTM). During the VARTM process, a highly permeable distribution medium is incorporated into the preform as a surface layer and resin is infused into the mold, under vacuum. During infusion, the resin flows preferentially across the surface and simultaneously through the thickness of the preform, giving rise to a three dimensional-flow front. The time to fill the mold and the shape of the flow front, which plays a key role in dry spot formation, are critical for the optimal manufacture of large composite parts. An analytical model predicts the flow times and flow front shapes as a function of the properties of the preform, distribution media and resin. It was found that the flow front profile reaches a parabolic steady state shape and the length of the region saturated by resin is proportional to the square root of the time elapsed. Experimental measurements of the flow front in the process were carried out using embedded sensors to detect the flow of resin through the thickness of the preform layer and the progression of flow along the length of the part. The time to fil]. the part, the length of flow front and its shapes show good agreement between experiments and the analytical model. The experimental study demonstrates the need for control and optimization of resin injection during the manufacture of large parts by VARTM. C1 Univ Delaware, Dept Mech Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. Univ Delaware, Ctr Composite Mat, Newark, DE 19716 USA. Univ Delaware, Dept Mat Sci, Newark, DE 19716 USA. Univ Delaware, Dept Civil Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Mathur, R (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Mech Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. NR 20 TC 63 Z9 69 U1 3 U2 19 PU SOC PLASTICS ENG INC PI BROOKFIELD PA 14 FAIRFIELD DR, BROOKFIELD, CT 06804-0403 USA SN 0272-8397 J9 POLYM COMPOSITE JI Polym. Compos. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 22 IS 4 BP 477 EP 490 DI 10.1002/pc.10553 PG 14 WC Materials Science, Composites; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Polymer Science GA 470AL UT WOS:000170848200003 ER PT J AU Howard, SL AF Howard, SL TI Impact of partial heating of solid propellant as elucidated by simulation of microwave heating SO PROPELLANTS EXPLOSIVES PYROTECHNICS LA English DT Article ID GUN PROPELLANTS AB It has been demonstrated that the performance of direct-fire kinetic-energy ammunition improves significantly with increasing preignition temperature (approximately 5% performance increase at 49 degreesC above that demonstrated at ambient temperature for JA2). Existing launch systems are designed to withstand pressures up to the level generated by ammunition with a propellant temperature of 49 degreesC, but are typically used at lower temperatures. This study simulated the effects of heating the propellant bed of large-caliber ammunition to 49 degreesC by microwave energy. When rapidly heated, propellant within a propellant bed may not have sufficient time to thermally equilibrate. This study investigated heating a typical propellant bed in two configurations: (1) through heating one-half of the axial length of the bed and (2) radial heating into the bed along the entire axial length. A subscale (7.6 cm diameter) simulator was used. Pressure-time histories from several transducers placed along the wall of the simulator in the axial direction were used to elucidate the flame spreading process. Baseline tests of the propellant bed were conducted at -30 degreesC and at 49 degreesC. Tests of propellant beds with regions of both -30 degreesC and 49 degreesC simultaneously within the bed showed ignition and early burning characteristics approximating those at 49 degreesC. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Howard, SL (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 11 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI BERLIN PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0721-3115 J9 PROPELL EXPLOS PYROT JI Propellants Explos. Pyrotech. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 26 IS 3 BP 130 EP 136 DI 10.1002/1521-4087(200106)26:3<130::AID-PREP130>3.0.CO;2-O PG 7 WC Chemistry, Applied; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 468BB UT WOS:000170737300005 ER PT J AU Schumm, WR Bell, DB Knott, B AF Schumm, WR Bell, DB Knott, B TI Predicting the extent and stressfulness of problem rumors at home among army wives of soldiers deployed overseas on a humanitarian mission SO PSYCHOLOGICAL REPORTS LA English DT Article AB Nearly 500 civilian wives of enlisted soldiers from Fort Drum, New York were surveyed about the extent to which they experienced, as problems, rumors about what was happening in Somalia and when their soldier would return from the Operation Restore Hope deployment to Somalia in 1993. Rumors, as problems, were cited less frequently than loneliness, fears about the soldier's safety, or ignorance of the situation in Somalia but more frequently than problems with communication, finances. or legal issues. The strongest initial predictor of such problems was having communication problems with the soldier, Other significant predictors included length of deployment, soldier's rank, and unit support systems, More frequent use of telephone or regular mail, however, did not appear to reduce such rumors. Stressfulness of rumors appeared to be reduced by good unit leadership, good family support groups, and better emotional adaptability to deployment by spouses, while increased by reliance on surface mail for communication with one's deployed spouse. Subsequent analyses indicated that having fears about the safety of one's soldier or concerns about not knowing what was going on in Somalia were also significantly correlated with rumors as problems. Our results may support hypotheses that rumors serve to fill gaps in official information and justify spouses' anxieties regarding the safety of their deployed soldier. C1 USA, Inst Res, ATTN PERI RPD, Behav & Social Sci ARI, Alexandria, VA 22333 USA. Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Schumm, WR (reprint author), USA, Inst Res, ATTN PERI RPD, Behav & Social Sci ARI, 5001 Eisenhower Ave, Alexandria, VA 22333 USA. NR 11 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU PSYCHOLOGICAL REPORTS PI MISSOULA PA P O BOX 9229, MISSOULA, MT 59807 USA SN 0033-2941 J9 PSYCHOL REP JI Psychol. Rep. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 89 IS 1 BP 123 EP 134 DI 10.2466/PR0.89.5.123-134 PG 12 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA 493HN UT WOS:000172216700022 PM 11729532 ER PT J AU Schumm, WR Bell, DB Resnick, G AF Schumm, WR Bell, DB Resnick, G TI Recent research on family factors and readiness: Implications for military leaders SO PSYCHOLOGICAL REPORTS LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES-ARMY; US ARMY; TRENDS AB Past research on the relationship between family factors and military readiness in the Army has suggested that family issues affect retention far more than readiness. New data on individual soldier readiness were analyzed to assess the relative importance of family factors (internal and external family adaptation) compared to unit readiness, longevity, rank, and genders Family factors were significant predictors, although external family adaptation appeared to be more important than internal family adaptation. Although variables related to retention were more strongly related to family factors than our readiness variables, the differences were less substantial than those reported previously, The data seemed to suggest that reserve-component readiness might be more affected by family stress than the active component and that officer readiness might be move strongly affected by family worries than enlisted personnel readiness, but more research is needed to confirm those results. C1 USA, Res Inst Behav & Social Sci, Alexandria, VA 22333 USA. Kansas State Univ, Sch Family Studies & Human Serv, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Bell, DB (reprint author), USA, Res Inst Behav & Social Sci, 5001 Eisenhower Ave, Alexandria, VA 22333 USA. NR 31 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 4 PU PSYCHOLOGICAL REPORTS PI MISSOULA PA P O BOX 9229, MISSOULA, MT 59807 USA SN 0033-2941 J9 PSYCHOL REP JI Psychol. Rep. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 89 IS 1 BP 153 EP 165 DI 10.2466/PR0.89.5.153-165 PG 13 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA 493HN UT WOS:000172216700026 PM 11729536 ER PT J AU Carroll, TJ Korosec, FR Petermann, GM Grist, TM Turski, PA AF Carroll, TJ Korosec, FR Petermann, GM Grist, TM Turski, PA TI Carotid bifurcation: Evaluation of time-resolved three-dimensional contrast-enhanced MR angiography SO RADIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE carotid arteries, MR; magnetic resonance (MR), technology ID ACQUISITION ORDER; ARTERY; DSA AB A magnetic resonance (MR) angiographic protocol was evaluated in the carotid bifurcation with use of a pulse sequence for time-resolved three-dimensional imaging of contrast material kinetics. The enhancement ratio, a quantitative measure of contrast enhancement, indicated that all studies included an image obtained near the peak of the intraarterial concentration of contrast agent (enhancement ratio, 90% +/- 9 [standard deviation]). Studies acquired at a higher frame rate (4.1-4.9 seconds) exhibited less venous enhancement (enhancement ratio, 25% +/- 16) than studies acquired with slower (6.0-9.6-second) frame rates (enhancement ratio, 46% +/- 25). C1 Univ Wisconsin, Clin Sci Ctr E3 311, Dept Phys Med, Madison, WI 53792 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Clin Sci Ctr E3 311, Dept Radiol, Madison, WI 53792 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Carroll, TJ (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Clin Sci Ctr E3 311, Dept Phys Med, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792 USA. RI Carroll, Timothy/B-6934-2009 NR 24 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 2 PU RADIOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PI EASTON PA 20TH AND NORTHAMPTON STS, EASTON, PA 18042 USA SN 0033-8419 J9 RADIOLOGY JI Radiology PD AUG PY 2001 VL 220 IS 2 BP 525 EP 532 PG 8 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 454TW UT WOS:000169988700037 PM 11477264 ER PT J AU Landers, TL Jiang, ST Peek, JR AF Landers, TL Jiang, ST Peek, JR TI Semi-parametric PWP model robustness for log-linear increasing rates of occurrence of failures SO RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY LA English DT Article DE wear-out processes; learning processes; proportional intensity models; log-linear intensity functions ID PROPORTIONAL INTENSITY MODEL; HAZARDS MODEL; RELIABILITY; REGRESSION AB Repairable systems have reliability (failure) and maintainability (restoration) processes that tend to improve or deteriorate over time depending on life-cycle phase. External variables (covariates) can explain differences in event rates and thus provide valuable information for engineering analysis and design. In some cases, the processes may be modeled by a parametric non-homogeneous Poisson process (NHPP) with proportional intensity function, incorporating the covariates. However, the true underlying process may not be known, in which case a distribution-free or semi-parametric model may be very useful. The Prentice, Williams and Peterson (PWP) family of proportional intensity models has been proposed for application to repairable systems. This paper reports results of a study on the robustness of one PWP reliability model over early failure history. The assessment of robustness was based on the semi-parametric PWP model's ability to predict the successive times of occurrence of events when the underlying process actually is parametric (specifically a NHPP having log-linear proportional intensity function with one covariate). A parametric method was also used to obtain maximum likelihood estimates of the log-linear parameters, for purposes of validation and as a reference for comparison. The PWP method provided accurate estimates of the time to next event for NHPP log-linear processes with moderately increasing rates of occurrence of events. Potential engineering applications to repairable systems, with increasing rates of event occurrence, include reliability (failure) processes in the wear-out phase and maintainability (restoration) processes in the learning phase. A real example of a maintainability (restoration) process (log-linear NHPP with two explanatory covariates) for US Army M1A2 Abrams Main Battle Tank serves to demonstrate the engineering relevance of the methods evaluated in this research. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Oklahoma, Sch Ind Engn, Norman, OK 73019 USA. USA, Sch engn & Logist, AMXMV, SEL, Texarkana, TX 75507 USA. RP Landers, TL (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Sch Ind Engn, 202 W Boyd,Suite 124, Norman, OK 73019 USA. NR 26 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0951-8320 J9 RELIAB ENG SYST SAFE JI Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 73 IS 2 BP 145 EP 153 DI 10.1016/S0951-8320(01)00036-9 PG 9 WC Engineering, Industrial; Operations Research & Management Science SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA 459WB UT WOS:000170273500004 ER PT J AU Massom, RA Eicken, H Haas, C Jeffries, MO Drinkwater, MR Sturm, M Worby, AP Wu, XR Lytle, VI Ushio, S Morris, K Reid, PA Warren, SG Allison, I AF Massom, RA Eicken, H Haas, C Jeffries, MO Drinkwater, MR Sturm, M Worby, AP Wu, XR Lytle, VI Ushio, S Morris, K Reid, PA Warren, SG Allison, I TI Snow on Antarctic Sea ice SO REVIEWS OF GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Review ID SATELLITE PASSIVE MICROWAVE; WESTERN WEDDELL-SEA; THICKNESS DISTRIBUTION; SOUTHERN-OCEAN; THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY; DRAG COEFFICIENTS; SEASONAL SNOW; PACK-ICE; STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY AB Snow on Antarctic sea ice plays a complex and highly variable role in air-sea-ice interaction processes and the Earth's climate system. Using data collected mostly during, the past 10 years, this paper reviews the following topics: snow thickness and snow type and their geographical and seasonal variations; snow grain size, density, and salinity; frequency of occurrence of slush; thermal conductivity, snow surface temperature, and temperature gradients within snow; and the effect of snow thickness on albedo. Major findings include large regional and seasonal differences in snow properties and thicknesses; the consequences of thicker snow and thinner ice in the Antarctic relative to the Arctic (e.g., the importance of flooding and snow-ice formation); the potential impact of increasing snowfall resulting from global climate change; lower observed values of snow thermal conductivity than those typically used in models; periodic large-scale melt in winter; and the contrast in summer melt processes between the Arctic and the Antarctic. Both climate modeling and remote sensing would benefit by taking account of the differences between the two polar regions. C1 Univ Tasmania, Antarctic Cooperat Res Ctr, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia. Univ Alaska, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. Alfred Wegener Inst Polar & Marine Res, D-27568 Bremerhaven, Germany. European Space Agcy, Estec, Oceans Sea Ice Unit, APP,FSO, NL-2200 AG Noordwijk, Netherlands. CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, NASA, Pasadena, CA USA. USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Ft Wainwright, AK 99703 USA. Australian Antarctic Div, Kingston, Tas, Australia. Natl Inst Polar Res, Itabashi Ku, Tokyo 173, Japan. Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Massom, RA (reprint author), Univ Tasmania, Antarctic Cooperat Res Ctr, GPO Box 252-80, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia. RI Worby, Anthony/A-2373-2012; Haas, Christian/L-5279-2016; Eicken, Hajo/M-6901-2016; OI Haas, Christian/0000-0002-7674-3500; Drinkwater, Mark/0000-0002-9250-3806 NR 161 TC 141 Z9 149 U1 0 U2 47 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 8755-1209 J9 REV GEOPHYS JI Rev. Geophys. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 39 IS 3 BP 413 EP 445 DI 10.1029/2000RG000085 PG 33 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 458WM UT WOS:000170218500005 ER PT J AU Shah, KV Daniel, RW Tennant, MK Shah, N McKee, KT Gaydos, CA Gaydos, JC Rompalo, A AF Shah, KV Daniel, RW Tennant, MK Shah, N McKee, KT Gaydos, CA Gaydos, JC Rompalo, A TI Diagnosis of human papillomavirus infection by dry vaginal swabs in military women SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS LA English DT Article DE human papillomaviruses; diagnostic assays; dry swabs ID CERVICAL-CANCER; SAMPLES AB Objective: Human papillomavirus (HPV) assays are likely to be used with increasing frequency in clinical management of women with abnormal Papanicolaou smears and in cervical cancer screening. Our objective was to simplify the method of collection of female genital tract specimens. The utility of vaginal dry swabs for HPV diagnosis was evaluated. Methods: Specimens for cytology and for HPV identification were collected by a clinician from 189 female soldiers. attending a military clinic. Three methods of specimen collection for HPV identification were compared: a vaginal dry swab (v-DRY), and vaginal and cervical swabs placed into specimen transport medium (v-STM and c-STM). Swabs were shipped to a STD laboratory for processing. Specific HPV types were identified by a consensus primer based PCR based method. Results from 165 women were evaluable. Results: HPV prevalence by the three methods was similar and ranged from 44.8% to 50.9%. 53 (32.1%) women were HPV positive and 60 (36.4%) women were HPV negative by all three collection methods. With respect to the risk categories of specific HPV types, there was greater agreement between the results from the two vaginal (v-DRY and v-STM) samples (kappa values of 0.69-0.81) than between the cervical (c-STM) and either of the vaginal samples (kappa values of 0.37-0.55). The HPV yield from c-STM was somewhat greater than that from the vaginal specimens but the correlation between cytological abnormalities and HPV was high for all three methods. Conclusion. A dry vaginal swab may be an acceptable method of specimen collection for HPV diagnosis. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, US Dept Def, Global Emerging Infect Surveillance & Response Sy, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Publ Hlth & Hyg, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Womack Army Med Ctr, Ft Bragg, NC USA. RP Gaydos, JC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, US Dept Def, Global Emerging Infect Surveillance & Response Sy, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RI Gaydos, Charlotte/E-9937-2010 NR 18 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU BRITISH MED JOURNAL PUBL GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1368-4973 J9 SEX TRANSM INFECT JI Sex. Transm. Infect. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 77 IS 4 BP 260 EP 264 DI 10.1136/sti.77.4.260 PG 5 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 459HN UT WOS:000170245100007 PM 11463925 ER PT J AU Judkiewicz, AM Murphey, MD Resnik, CS Newberg, AH Temple, HT Smith, WS AF Judkiewicz, AM Murphey, MD Resnik, CS Newberg, AH Temple, HT Smith, WS TI Advanced imaging of melorheostosis with emphasis on MRI SO SKELETAL RADIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE melorheostosis; bone, sclerosis; bones, MR; bones, osteochondrodysplasia; bones, CT; bones, abnormalities ID BONE-SCINTIGRAPHY; SCAN AB Objective. To describe the CT and MR imaging appearance of both osseous and extraosseous manifestations of melorheostosis. Design and patients. We retrospectively reviewed the CT (n=7) and/or MR imaging findings (n=12) of 17 patients with characteristic radiographic findings of melorheostosis (undulating cortical hyperostosis with marked uptake on radionuclide bone scintigraphy). Results. CT and MR imaging revealed cortical hyperostosis as high attenuation and low signal intensity on all MR pulse sequences, respectively. Encroachment on the marrow space was seen in all cases resulting from endosteal involvement. Thirteen patients demonstrated 14 soft tissue masses with infiltrative margins in 80% of cases and seven showed extensive mineralization on CT or MR imaging (low intensity on all pulse sequences). Seven soft tissue masses were predominantly nonmineralized with intermediate signal intensity on T1-weighted and intermediate to high signal on T2-weighted MR images corresponding to vascularized fibrous tissue with variable collagen content pathologically. Enhancement after intravenous gadolinium was seen in all patients imaged with soft tissue masses (n=2). Two patients demonstrated muscle atrophy resulting from nerve involvement. Conclusions. The osseous abnormalities in melorheostosis are identical on advanced imaging and radiographs. Mineralized or nonmineralized soft tissue masses should be recognized as another manifestation of this disease as opposed to a more ominous finding, making biopsy unwarrranted. C1 Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Radiol Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol & Surg, Orthoped Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Radiol & Nucl Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. New England Baptist Hosp, Dept Radiol, Boston, MA USA. RP Murphey, MD (reprint author), Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Radiol Pathol, 6825 16th St NW,Bldg 54,Room M-133A, Washington, DC 20306 USA. NR 30 TC 25 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0364-2348 J9 SKELETAL RADIOL JI Skeletal Radiol. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 30 IS 8 BP 447 EP 453 PG 7 WC Orthopedics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Orthopedics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 463WP UT WOS:000170500500004 PM 11479750 ER PT J AU Garg, DP Zikry, MA Anderson, GL AF Garg, DP Zikry, MA Anderson, GL TI Current and potential future research activities in adaptive structures: an ARO perspective SO SMART MATERIALS & STRUCTURES LA English DT Article ID ACTUATORS; ANTENNAS; DAMPERS; STRAIN AB The Army Research Office (ARO) has been supporting projects focusing on basic research in the area of smart materials and adaptive structures over recent years. A major emphasis of the ARO's Structures and Dynamics Program has been on the theoretical, computational, and experimental analysis of smart structures, and structural dynamics, damping, active control, and health monitoring as applied to rotorcraft, electromagnetic antenna structures, missiles, land vehicles, and weapon systems. The variety of research projects supported by the program have been primarily directed towards improving the ability to predict, control, and optimize the dynamic response of complex, multi-body deformable structures. The projects in the field of smart materials and adaptive structures have included multi-disciplinary research conducted by teams of several faculty members as well as research performed by individual investigators. This paper begins with a brief discussion of smart or active materials, i.e. materials having capabilities of sensing changes from the surrounding environment and actively responding to those inputs in an effective manner. Integrating these materials in structures makes them 'smart', i.e. it provides them with the capability to respond to the external stimuli to compensate for undesired effects and/or to enhance the desired effects. The terms 'active', 'smart', 'adaptive' and 'intelligent' are frequently used interchangeably in this context. This discussion is followed by illustrations from several current ARO-sponsored research projects related to smart materials and adaptive structures. A summary of significant results based upon these investigations is given next. Finally,, directions of potential future research in the smart materials and adaptive structures area are discussed. C1 Mech & Environm Sci Div, Engn Sci Directorate, Army Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. Duke Univ, Struct & Dynam Program, Durham, NC USA. N Carolina State Univ, Solid Mech Program, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. NR 35 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0964-1726 J9 SMART MATER STRUCT JI Smart Mater. Struct. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 10 IS 4 BP 610 EP 623 DI 10.1088/0964-1726/10/4/304 PG 14 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Materials Science GA 473ZJ UT WOS:000171079400004 ER PT J AU Hess, JR Rugg, N Knapp, AD Gormas, JF Hill, HR Oliver, CK Lippert, LE Greenwalt, TJ AF Hess, JR Rugg, N Knapp, AD Gormas, JF Hill, HR Oliver, CK Lippert, LE Greenwalt, TJ TI The role of electrolytes and pH in RBC ASs SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Article ID ADDITIVE SOLUTION; SUCCESSFUL STORAGE; BLOOD; PRESERVATION; LIPIDS AB BACKGROUND: Experimental additive solutions (EASs) containing saline, adenine, glucose, mannitol and disodium phosphate can support RBCs for 9 or 10 weeks if used in 200- or 300-mL volumes, The effects of variations in the electrolyte composition and volume of EASs were explored. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: In three four-arm studies, 24 RBC units were pooled in groups of 4 and realiquoted as test units to ensure that all donors were equally represented in each study arm. In Study 1, units were stored for 11 weeks in EAS containing 0, 10, 20, or 30 mmol per L of sodium bicarbonate. In Study 2, units were stored for 9 weeks in EAS containing 26, 50, 100, or 150 mmol per L of sodium chloride. In Study 3, units were stored in 100 or 200 mL of AS-3 or EAS-61. RBC ATP concentrations and hemolysis were measured weekly. RESULTS: Increasing the sodium bicarbonate content of EASs increased the pH throughout storage and increased RBC ATP concentrations in the later phases of storage, but it had no effect on hemolysis. Increased sodium chloride content of EASs led to lower RBC ATP concentrations and increased hemolysis. In EAS-61, RBC ATP concentrations were increased throughout storage, and hemolysis was lower than that of RBCs stored in AS-3. CONCLUSION: RBC ATP synthesis is highly dependent on the pH of the AS. Hemolysis is affected by the salt content and volume of the AS. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Blood Res Detachment, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Hoxworth Blood Ctr, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Hess, JR (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Blood Res Detachment, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 21 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC BLOOD BANKS PI BETHESDA PA 8101 GLENBROOK RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2749 USA SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD AUG PY 2001 VL 41 IS 8 BP 1045 EP 1051 DI 10.1046/j.1537-2995.2001.41081045.x PG 7 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 459JP UT WOS:000170247500013 PM 11493737 ER PT J AU Moul, JW Kane, CJ Malkowicz, SB AF Moul, JW Kane, CJ Malkowicz, SB TI The role of imaging studies and molecular markers for selecting candidates for radical prostatectomy SO UROLOGIC CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Review ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; DISEASE-FREE SURVIVAL; PROSTATIC-CARCINOMA; PATHOLOGICAL STAGE; COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; BONE-MARROW; MICROVESSEL DENSITY; RADIATION-THERAPY; CANCER PATIENTS; HISTOPATHOLOGIC CORRELATION AB This article reviews the contemporary value of imaging studies in the evaluation of radical prostatectomy candidates. This article discusses the emerging concept of molecular marker tests on prostate biopsy material or of other body samples such as blood or bone marrow to help better assess micrometastases or risk of recurrence. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Dept Surg, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Urol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. USN, Med Ctr, Dept Urol, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. Univ Penn, Div Urol, Hlth Syst, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Moul, JW (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Dept Surg, 1530 E Jefferson St, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. NR 131 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0094-0143 J9 UROL CLIN N AM JI Urol. Clin. N. Am. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 28 IS 3 BP 459 EP + DI 10.1016/S0094-0143(05)70155-5 PG 15 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 475LM UT WOS:000171165600003 PM 11590806 ER PT J AU Wilson, JA Bray, M Bakken, R Hart, MK AF Wilson, JA Bray, M Bakken, R Hart, MK TI Vaccine potential of Ebola virus VP24, VP30, VP36, and VP40 proteins SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Ebola virus; vaccine; VP24; VP30; VP35; VP40; VEE replicon; protection; immunity ID EQUINE ENCEPHALITIS-VIRUS; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; MARBURG-VIRUS; GUINEA-PIGS; GENES; GP; VECTOR; RNA; IMMUNIZATION; PROTECTION AB Previous vaccine efforts with Ebola virus Zaire (EBOV-Z) emphasized the potential protective efficacies of immune responses to the surface glycoprotein and the nucleoprotein. To determine whether the VP24, VP30, VP35, and VP40 proteins are also capable of eliciting protective immune responses, these genes were expressed from alphavirus replicons and used to vaccinate BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice, Although all of the VP proteins were capable of inducing protective immune responses, no single VP protein protected both strains of mice tested. VP24, VP30, and VP40 induced protective immune responses in BALB/c mice, whereas C57BL/6 mice survived challenge only after vaccination with VP35, Passive transfer of immune sera to the VP proteins did not protect unvaccinated mice from lethal disease. The demonstration that the VP proteins are capable of eliciting protective immune responses to EBOV-Z indicates that they may be important components of a vaccine designed to protect humans from Ebola hemorrhagic fever. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Hart, MK (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, 1425 Porter St,Ft Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. EM marykate.hart@amedd.army.mil NR 29 TC 60 Z9 66 U1 2 U2 17 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD AUG 1 PY 2001 VL 286 IS 2 BP 384 EP 390 DI 10.1006/viro.2001.1012 PG 7 WC Virology SC Virology GA 460GX UT WOS:000170300800014 PM 11485406 ER PT J AU Guttieri, MC Burand, JP AF Guttieri, MC Burand, JP TI Location, nucleotide sequence, and regulation of the p51 late gene of the Hz-1 insect virus: Identification of a putative late regulatory element SO VIRUS GENES LA English DT Article DE Hz-1 virus; insect virus; late gene expression ID NUCLEAR-POLYHEDROSIS-VIRUS; TEMPORAL EXPRESSION; BACULOVIRUS; PARTICLES; STANDARD; CULTURE; DNA AB An Hz-1 insect virus (Hz-1V) late gene encoding, a predicted polypeptide of 51 kDa was isolated from a cDNA library and mapped to the HindIII-J region (40-44.6 map units) of the viral genome. The p51 gene was characterized by DNA sequence, Northern blot, and primer extension analyses. The 1,152 bp open reading frame (ORF) is transcribed as a 1.8 kb RNA between 8 and 18 h post-infection (hpi) with maximum expression at 12 hpi. Homology was not detected between the nucleotide sequence upstream of the p51 ORF and the baculovirus conserved late promoter element NTAAG. Primer extension analysis detected one major late transcription initiation site at -205 nucleotides relative to the start of the p51 ORF and seven minor late initiation sites at positions upstream of this primary site. Comparison of the upstream regulatory regions of the p51 gene and the Hz-1V p34 late gene revealed a region of significant homology comprised of the 9 bp sequence TTATAGTAT. The primary p51 transcription initiation site and all p34 transcription initiation sites were mapped to different nucleotides within this nonanucleotide sequence. This 9 bp motif was not observed in the ORFs of these genes, and no significant homology was detected between this motif and the 5' regulatory regions of any other characterized genes. The results of our study suggest that this conserved sequence may serve an important role in the regulation of Hz-1V late genes. C1 Univ Massachusetts, Dept Microbiol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Dept Entomol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD 21701 USA. RP Burand, JP (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Microbiol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. NR 27 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-8569 J9 VIRUS GENES JI Virus Genes PD AUG PY 2001 VL 23 IS 1 BP 17 EP 25 DI 10.1023/A:1011166926225 PG 9 WC Genetics & Heredity; Virology SC Genetics & Heredity; Virology GA 452PN UT WOS:000169867200002 PM 11556397 ER PT J AU Aldridge, DW Payne, BS AF Aldridge, DW Payne, BS TI Effects of temperature and aerial exposure on the bod of waste zebra mussels removed from navigational locks SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE zebra mussel; waste; BOD; BOD5; disposal; lock AB This laboratory study evaluated the effects of temperature and aerial exposure on BOD5 (5-day BOD) of waste zebra mussels of the type generated by maintenance operations on dams and navigational locks. The term waste zebra mussels includes the mussels and their associated debris with the latter including sediment, feces, pseudofeces and other small aquatic organisms. The BOD, of waste zebra mussel was evaluated after aerial exposure of 3 and 10 days at temperatures of 5, 10, and 10 C. The mean BOD5 values for waste zebra mussels in this study ranged from 18,500 to 30,600mg O-2/l. Factorial ANOVA analysis revealed that both temperature and aerial exposure had a negative effect on waste zebra mussel BOD5 (P < 0.05) but there was no significant interaction effect (P = 0.119). Multiple regression analysis predicted that for the range of treatment conditions used in this study each I C increase in temperature reduced the waste zebra mussel BOD5 by 284 mg O-2/l or 0.93%; of the maximum mean BOD5. Each 1 day increase in aerial exposure reduced waste zebra mussel BOD5 by 987 mg O-2/l or 3.22% of the maximum mean BOD5. Aerial exposure of waste zebra mussels substantially reduces waste BOD5. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 N Carolina Agr & Technol State Univ, Dept Biol, Greensboro, NC 27411 USA. USA, Waterways Expt Stn, Ctr Res & Dev, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Aldridge, DW (reprint author), N Carolina Agr & Technol State Univ, Dept Biol, Greensboro, NC 27411 USA. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 35 IS 12 BP 2970 EP 2974 DI 10.1016/S0043-1354(01)00006-9 PG 5 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 451RP UT WOS:000169815300018 PM 11471697 ER PT J AU Bell, NS Amoroso, PJ Wegman, DH Senier, L AF Bell, NS Amoroso, PJ Wegman, DH Senier, L TI Why are people who return from war at increased risk of injury? SO WESTERN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Dev Strategies Inc, Social Sectors, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Social & Behav Sci, Boston, MA USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Dept Work Environm, Lowell, MA USA. RP Bell, NS (reprint author), Dev Strategies Inc, Social Sectors, 8 Nonesuch Dr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU B M J PUBLISHING INC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 221 MAIN ST, PO BOX 7690, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94120-7690 USA SN 0093-0415 J9 WESTERN J MED JI West. J. Med. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 175 IS 2 BP 115 EP 118 DI 10.1136/ewjm.175.2.115 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 457MW UT WOS:000170142200018 ER PT J AU Olin-Estes, TJ Palermo, MR AF Olin-Estes, TJ Palermo, MR TI Recovery of dredged material for beneficial use: the future role of physical separation processes SO JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE soil washing; physical separation; volume reduction; beneficial use; dredged material AB Sediments dredged from navigational waterways have historically been disposed in confined disposal facilities (CDFs) or in open water. When sediments are contaminated, open water disposal is typically not an alternative, and sediments are placed in CDFs. Many CDFs are nearing capacity, and siting and constructing new facilities is both difficult and expensive. In many cases, CDFs contain both clean and contaminated dredged material. Removal of materials suitable for beneficial use (BU) is one alternative under consideration to extend the life of existing CDFs, as is separation of recoverable materials at the time of disposal. Several technologies for recovery of clean materials or treatment of contaminated materials for beneficial use are presently under evaluation. Physical separation technologies have been demonstrated to have potential in reducing the volume of sediment that must be managed with confined disposal, but there are several technical issues that remain to be addressed. Determination of beneficial use specifications, physical and chemical characterization of dredged material, overall site characterization, selection of suitable unit operations, management of liquid and solid residuals, and cost/benefit analysis, are all important aspects to successful implementation of separation processes. Several of these elements are presently being evaluated in research conducted by the US Army Corps of Engineers, at the ERDC Waterways Experiment Station (WES). Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 ERDC, Waterways Expt Stn, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Olin-Estes, TJ (reprint author), ERDC, Waterways Expt Stn, Environm Lab, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 11 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3894 J9 J HAZARD MATER JI J. Hazard. Mater. PD JUL 30 PY 2001 VL 85 IS 1-2 SI SI BP 39 EP 51 DI 10.1016/S0304-3894(01)00220-5 PG 13 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 474GQ UT WOS:000171098300004 PM 11463502 ER PT J AU Moo-Young, H Myers, T Tardy, B Ledbetter, R Vanadit-Ellis, W Sellasie, K AF Moo-Young, H Myers, T Tardy, B Ledbetter, R Vanadit-Ellis, W Sellasie, K TI Determination of the environmental impact of consolidation induced convective transport through capped sediment SO JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE sediment; capping; research centrifuge; environmental impact; consolidation ID DIFFUSION ADSORPTION; CAPPING LAYER; CENTRIFUGE; EFFICIENCY AB The presence of contaminated sediment poses a barrier to essential waterway maintenance and construction in many ports and harbors, which support 95% of US foreign trade. Cost effective solutions to remediate contaminated sediments in waterways need to be applied. Capping is the least expensive remediation alternative available for marine sediments that is unsuitable for open water disposal. Dredged material capping and in situ capping alternatives, however, are not widely used because regulatory agencies are concerned about the potential for contaminant migration through the caps. Numerous studies have been conducted on the effects of diffusion through caps, however, there is a lack of experimental data documenting the effects of consolidation induced transport of contaminants through caps. This study examines consolidation induced convective contaminant transport in capped sediment utilizing a research centrifuge. In this study, consolidation induced convective transport was modeled for 7 h at 100 x g, which modeled a contaminant migration time of 8 years for a prototype that was 100 times larger than the centrifuge model. In this study, hydrodynamic dispersion was a function of the seepage velocity. And, advection and dispersion dominated the migration of contaminants. Centrifuge model results were compared to an analytical solution for advection and dispersion. The advection-dispersion equation demonstrated that the centrifuge test is a conservative estimate for predicting contaminant transport. In conducting sensitivity analysis of the advection-dispersion equation to the centrifuge modeling, as hydrodynamic dispersion decreased, the time for contaminant breakthrough increased. Moreover, as the sediment to water distribution coefficient increased, the contaminant concentration into the overlying water decreased. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Lehigh Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. USA, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Moo-Young, H (reprint author), Lehigh Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. NR 27 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3894 J9 J HAZARD MATER JI J. Hazard. Mater. PD JUL 30 PY 2001 VL 85 IS 1-2 SI SI BP 53 EP 72 DI 10.1016/S0304-3894(01)00221-7 PG 20 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 474GQ UT WOS:000171098300005 PM 11463503 ER PT J AU Jones, KW Feng, H Stern, EA Lodge, J Clesceri, NL AF Jones, KW Feng, H Stern, EA Lodge, J Clesceri, NL TI Dredged material decontamination demonstration for the port of New York/New Jersey SO JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE dredged material; decontamination; beneficial use; commercialization; NY/NJ harbor ID HUDSON-RIVER ESTUARY; SEDIMENTS; METAL AB Management of contaminated dredged material is a significant challenge in the Port of New York and New Jersey as a result of more stringent regional ocean placement regulations with escalating costs for upland placement. One component of an overall management plan can be the application of a decontamination technology followed by creation of a product suitable for beneficial use. This concept is the focus of a project now being carried out by the US Environmental Protection Agency, Region 2, the US Army Corps of Engineers, New York District, the US Department of Energy, Brookhaven National Laboratory, and regional university groups that have included Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Rutgers University, New Jersey Institute of Technology, and Stevens Institute of Technology. The project has progressed through phased testing of commercial technologies at the bench scale (15 liters) (Marcor, Metcalf & Eddy, Gas Technology Institute, Westinghouse Science & Technology, BioGenesis, International Technology, and BioSafe) and pilot-scale (1.5-500 m(3)) (BioGenesis, Gas Technology Institute, and Westinghouse Science & Technology) levels. The technologies developed by Gas Technology Institute and BioGenesis are now going forward to commercial demonstration facilities that are intended to treat from 23 000 to 60 000 m(3) of dredged material during their first operational period in 2001-2002. Beneficial use products are soils and cement. Treatment costs for the final commercial facilities are estimated at US$ 39 per m(3). Selection of the technologies was made based on the effectiveness of the treatment process, evaluation of the possible beneficial use of the treated materials, and other factors. Major elements of the project are summarized here. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. US EPA, New York, NY 10007 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, New York, NY 10278 USA. Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Troy, NY 12180 USA. RP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM kwj@bnl.gov NR 20 TC 20 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3894 EI 1873-3336 J9 J HAZARD MATER JI J. Hazard. Mater. PD JUL 30 PY 2001 VL 85 IS 1-2 SI SI BP 127 EP 143 DI 10.1016/S0304-3894(01)00225-4 PG 17 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 474GQ UT WOS:000171098300009 PM 11463507 ER PT J AU Hess, GR Fischer, RA AF Hess, GR Fischer, RA TI Communicating clearly about conservation corridors SO LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING LA English DT Review DE conservation corridors; habitat fragmentation; metapopulation literature ID SOUTH-EASTERN AUSTRALIA; HABITATS WILDLIFE CORRIDORS; MONTANE ASH FORESTS; MOVEMENT CORRIDORS; SMALL MAMMALS; BIOLOGICAL CORRIDORS; ARBOREAL MARSUPIALS; CENTRAL HIGHLANDS; LANDSCAPE; BIRDS AB Conflicting definitions lead to confusion when people communicate about 'corridors'. particularly when they come from different disciplinary backgrounds. Usage of 'corridor' in game management, island biogeography, and metapopulation literature focused on function, namely, the movement of flora and fauna from one area to another. A structural usage of the term arose in the field of landscape ecology as it developed in North America with the matrix-patch-corridor paradigm of landscape structure. 'Corridor' is now used to describe both the structural and functional aspects of linear landscape features, often implicitly, in a wide range of disciplinary literature. Lack of a clear and consistent terminology leads to confusion about the goals or implied functions of corridors. Consequently, the manner in which corridors should be designed, managed, and evaluated is also unclear. proper design and management of a corridor depends critically on a clear and explicit statement of its intended functions. If corridors are not designed to perform well-defined functions, the outcome may be disappointing, or even deleterious. The roles corridors play derive from six ecological functions: habitat, conduit, filter, barrier. source, and sink. These ecological functions have been recognized widely and adopted by a number of disciplines, including conservation biology, wildlife management, landscape ecology, and landscape planning. We review briefly the history of the term 'corridor' in the context of conservation, catalog some of its definitions and uses, review the functions of corridors, and differentiate between the structural and functional aspects of corridors. We reject the notion of defining 'corridor' succinctly, because of the complex and multiple functions a corridor may serve. Instead, we suggest that conservationists and planners consider and document explicitly all of the possible functions of corridors when designing them. Addressing explicitly these functions when designing a corridor should eliminate much of the confusion surrounding their roles, and focus attention on establishing design criteria for corridors that function as intended. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Hess, GR (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. NR 133 TC 67 Z9 75 U1 5 U2 91 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-2046 J9 LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN JI Landsc. Urban Plan. PD JUL 30 PY 2001 VL 55 IS 3 BP 195 EP 208 DI 10.1016/S0169-2046(01)00155-4 PG 14 WC Ecology; Environmental Studies; Geography; Geography, Physical; Urban Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Physical Geography; Urban Studies GA 453JW UT WOS:000169913600005 ER PT J AU Davis, VT Thompson, JS AF Davis, VT Thompson, JS TI Measurement of the electron affinity of lutetium SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS B-ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID NEGATIVE-IONS; WAVELENGTHS; ENERGIES AB The electron affinity of lutetium has been measured using laser photodetachment electron spectroscopy. This is the first electron affinity measurement for lutetium. The electron affinity of lutetium was measured as 0.34 +/- 0.01 eV. One bound excited state of Lu- was also observed in the photoelectron spectra, and the binding energy of this excited state relative to the ground state of lutetium was measured as 0.16 +/- 0.02 eV. The present experimental measurements are compared with recent calculations. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Phys, W Point, NY 10996 USA. Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA. Univ Nevada, Chem Phys Program, Reno, NV 89557 USA. RP Davis, VT (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Phys, W Point, NY 10996 USA. OI Thompson, Jeffrey/0000-0001-9699-5767 NR 11 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-4075 J9 J PHYS B-AT MOL OPT JI J. Phys. B-At. Mol. Opt. Phys. PD JUL 28 PY 2001 VL 34 IS 14 BP L433 EP L437 DI 10.1088/0953-4075/34/14/102 PG 5 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 466GV UT WOS:000170637800002 ER PT J AU Wang, SP Wang, Q Jordan, RE Persson, POG AF Wang, SP Wang, Q Jordan, RE Persson, POG TI Interactions among longwave radiation of clouds, turbulence, and snow surface temperature in the Arctic: A model sensitivity study SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID MARINE BOUNDARY-LAYER; SEA-ICE; STRATUS CLOUDS AB Recent observations have shown that low-level clouds have significant impact on snow surface temperature in the Arctic by enhancing downwelling longwave radiative flux at the surface. This study focuses on the detailed interactions among the longwave radiation, clouds, turbulent structure, and snow surface temperature. The approach is to perform sensitivity simulations with a coupled one-dimensional planetary boundary layer (PBL) turbulence closure-snow model. The numerical experiments show that the responses of the snow surface temperature to the cloud longwave radiation may depend on how the clouds are related to the boundary layer turbulent structure. For a cloud-topped boundary layer without upper level clouds, longwave radiative cooling at the cloud top is a main source for the turbulence. In this situation the energetic turbulent eddies effectively transport the radiatively cooled air near the cloud top down to the ground, resulting in a strong sensible heat flux at the surface. When multilayered clouds exist, the radiative cooling at the lower-level cloud top is significantly reduced due to the enhanced downward longwave radiative flux above the cloud, leading to a higher temperature of surface air and weaker positive sensible heat flux at the surface. Consequently, the snow surface temperature is higher in the presence of the multilayered clouds than in cases of only boundary layer clouds. Therefore the boundary layer clouds, dependent on their vertical distribution, may not only increase the snow surface temperature by increasing the downwelling longwave radiative flux but also create negative feedback mechanisms to reduce this temperature increase. A key process in this feedback mechanism is turbulent transport as it directly links the longwave radiative cooling at the cloud top to the surface air temperature. C1 USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NOAA, Environm Technol Lab, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. Univ Space Res Assoc, Huntsville, AL USA. RP Wang, SP (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 7 Grace Hopper Ave,MS2, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 21 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0747-7309 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD JUL 27 PY 2001 VL 106 IS D14 BP 15323 EP 15333 DI 10.1029/2000JD900358 PG 11 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 456YE UT WOS:000170109700042 ER PT J AU Curry, JA Schramm, JL Perovich, DK Pinto, JO AF Curry, JA Schramm, JL Perovich, DK Pinto, JO TI Applications of SHEBA/FIRE data to evaluation of snow/ice albedo parameterizations SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID SEA-ICE; SENSITIVITY; CLIMATE; MODEL; CO2; ATMOSPHERE; FEEDBACK AB Climate models use a wide variety of parameterizations for surface albedos of the ice-covered ocean. These range from simple broadband albedo parameterizations that distinguish among snow-covered and bare ice to more sophisticated parameterizations that include dependence on ice and snow depth, solar zenith angle, and spectral resolution. Several sophisticated parameterizations have also been developed for thermodynamic sea ice models that additionally include dependence on ice and snow age, and melt pond characteristics. Observations obtained in the Arctic Ocean during 1997-1998 in conjunction with the Surface Heat Budget of the Arctic Ocean (SHEBA) and FIRE Arctic Clouds Experiment provide a unique data set against which to evaluate parameterizations of sea ice surface albedo. We apply eight different surface albedo parameterizations to the SHEBA/FIRE data set and evaluate the parameterized albedos against the observed albedos. Results show that these parameterizations yield very different representations of the annual cycle of sea ice albedo. The importance of details and functional relationships of the albedo parameterizations is assessed by incorporating into a single-column sea ice model two different albedo parameterizations, one complex and one simple, that have the same annually averaged surface albedo. The baseline sea ice characteristics and strength of the ice-albedo feedback are compared for the simulations of the different surface albedos. C1 Univ Colorado, Dept Aerosp Engn Sci, Program Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Curry, JA (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Aerosp Engn Sci, Program Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Campus Box 429, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. NR 30 TC 69 Z9 75 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0747-7309 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD JUL 27 PY 2001 VL 106 IS D14 BP 15345 EP 15355 DI 10.1029/2000JD900311 PG 11 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 456YE UT WOS:000170109700044 ER PT J AU Srinivasan, A Kraus, CN DeShazer, D Becker, PM Dick, JD Spacek, L Bartlett, JG Byrne, WR Thomas, DL AF Srinivasan, A Kraus, CN DeShazer, D Becker, PM Dick, JD Spacek, L Bartlett, JG Byrne, WR Thomas, DL TI Glanders in a military research microbiologist SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article C1 Johns Hopkins Med Inst, Div Infect Dis, Bethesda, MD USA. Johns Hopkins Med Inst, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Bethesda, MD USA. Johns Hopkins Med Inst, Dept Pathol, Bethesda, MD USA. NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Thomas, DL (reprint author), 424 N Bond St, Baltimore, MD 21231 USA. NR 11 TC 123 Z9 127 U1 1 U2 6 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD JUL 26 PY 2001 VL 345 IS 4 BP 256 EP 258 DI 10.1056/NEJM200107263450404 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 455XZ UT WOS:000170054200004 PM 11474663 ER PT J AU Olson, MA AF Olson, MA TI Electrostatic effects on the free-energy balance in folding a ribosome-inactivating protein SO BIOPHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE ricin A-chain; thermodynamic integration; molecular dynamics; hydration ID RICIN-A-CHAIN; ACTIVE-SITE; SIMULATION ANALYSIS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; T4 LYSOZYME; GLOBULAR-PROTEINS; SUBSTRATE-ANALOGS; STABILITY; THERMODYNAMICS; MUTAGENESIS AB Electrostatics of globular proteins provides structural integrity as well as specificity of biological function. This dual role is particularly striking for ricin A-chain (RTA), an N-glycosidase which hydrolyzes a single adenine base from a conserved region of rRNA. The reported X-ray crystallographic structure of the RTA mutant E177A demonstrated a remarkable rescue of charge balance in the active site, achieved by the rotation of a second glutamic acid (Glu-208) into the vacated space. To understand this conformational reorganization, molecular-dynamics simulations were applied to estimate relative free energies that govern the thermodynamic stability of E177A together with mutants E177Q and E177D. The simulations anticipate that while E177A is a non-conservative substitution, the protein is more stable than the other two mutants. However, the structural plasticity of the RTA active site is not obtained penalty-free, rather E177A among the mutants shows the largest unfavorable net change in the electrostatic contribution to folding. Of the E177A folded state, reorganization of Glu-208 lowers the electrostatic cost of the free-energy change, yet interestingly, protein interactions oppose the rotational shift, while solvent effects favor the transition. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Biochem & Cell Biol, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Olson, MA (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Biochem & Cell Biol, 1425 Porter St, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. NR 34 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0301-4622 J9 BIOPHYS CHEM JI Biophys. Chem. PD JUL 24 PY 2001 VL 91 IS 3 BP 219 EP 229 DI 10.1016/S0301-4622(01)00172-7 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Chemistry, Physical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Chemistry GA 461KY UT WOS:000170364500002 PM 11551434 ER PT J AU Wolter, SD Okuzumi, F Prater, JT Sitar, Z AF Wolter, SD Okuzumi, F Prater, JT Sitar, Z TI Frequency and duty cycle dependence on the pulsed bias-enhanced nucleation of highly oriented diamond on (100) silicon SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI A-APPLIED RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Workshop on Surface and Bulk Defects in CVD Diamond CY MAR 01-02, 2001 CL DIEPENBEEK HASSELT, BELGIUM SP FWO, Sci Res Community ID GROWTH AB Pulsed bias-enhanced nucleation of highly oriented diamond on (100) silicon is reported. A square waveform substrate bias was implemented in this investigation employing a pulse ON bias voltage of -250 V and a pulse OFF bias voltage of 0 V. An evaluation of the pulse ON fractions of 0.17 and 0.50 revealed a duty cycle dependence on the bias time required for forming a diamond film as well as the highly oriented diamond percentage. Oriented crystallite percentages of nearly 50% and 20% were observed for the 0.17 and 0,50 pulse ON fractions, respectively. Pulse biasing from 10 to 100 Hz (again implementing a square waveform bias and a pulse ON fraction of 0.17) did not influence the process of forming the epitaxial diamond. Throughout this frequency range the onset of diamond film formation was approximately 60 min and a nominal highly oriented diamond percentage of 50% was observed. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Wolter, SD (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Box 7907, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. NR 6 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI BERLIN PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0031-8965 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI A JI Phys. Status Solidi A-Appl. Res. PD JUL 23 PY 2001 VL 186 IS 2 BP 331 EP 337 DI 10.1002/1521-396X(200108)186:2<331::AID-PSSA331>3.0.CO;2-1 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 462TC UT WOS:000170435000022 ER PT J AU Kim, JH Mascola, JR Ratto-Kim, S VanCott, TC Loomis-Price, L Cox, JH Michael, NL Jagodzinski, L Hawkes, C Mayers, D Gilliam, BL Birx, DC Robb, ML AF Kim, JH Mascola, JR Ratto-Kim, S VanCott, TC Loomis-Price, L Cox, JH Michael, NL Jagodzinski, L Hawkes, C Mayers, D Gilliam, BL Birx, DC Robb, ML TI Selective increases in HIV-specific neutralizing antibody and partial reconstitution of cellular immune responses during prolonged, successful drug therapy of HIV infection SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; LYMPHOCYTE-PROLIFERATIVE RESPONSES; PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; AIDS-RELATED COMPLEX; RECOMBINANT GP160; OLIGOMERIC GP160; LOAD REDUCTION; DOUBLE-BLIND; ENVELOPE AB Because the immune response to HIV depends on viral gene expression, we examined the HIV-specific immune responses in persons whose viral load after highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) was <400 on at least 3 occasions over a 12-month interval. Eleven patients were identified. While there was little change in mean HIV-binding antibody (Ab) titers in this group, two persons mounted increases in HIV envelope-specific binding antibody. Neutralizing antibody (NAb) titers against a panel of HIV-1 primary isolates (BZ167, US1, and CM237) increased post-HAART (80% neutralization titer against US1, p = 0.06; against CM237, p = 0.04). The two persons with large increases in binding antibody also had increases in primary isolate NAb. Roughly half of HAART recipients had significant increases in neutralizing antibody to the primary isolates US1 and CM237. Compared with CD4-matched, non-HAART controls, there were significant increases in NAb against the subtype B primary isolate US1 (p < 0.0009); no increases were seen against more easily neutralized primary isolate BZ167. There were no differences after HAART in antibody-directed cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). HAART resulted in a partial restoration of lymphoproliferative responses to recall antigens (tetanus and diphtheria). New responses developed to HIV Gag p24. No patient responded to HIV Env gp160 or gp120 either before or after HAART. The data underscore the lack of functional reconstitution of HIV-specific, CD4-mediated responses despite durable suppression of viral replication. In the setting of stable anti-HIV Ab levels, the development of increased NAb in certain individuals suggests that control of the virus by HAART may assist in immune control of HIV. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Kim, JH (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, 13 Taft Court,Suite 200, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-59718]; NIAID NIH HHS [AI00950] NR 53 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD JUL 20 PY 2001 VL 17 IS 11 BP 1021 EP 1034 DI 10.1089/088922201300343708 PG 14 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 458UY UT WOS:000170214300005 PM 11485619 ER PT J AU Carr, JK Torimiro, JN Wolfe, ND Eitel, MN Kim, B Sanders-Buell, E Jagodzinski, LL Gotte, D Burke, DS Birx, DL McCutchan, FE AF Carr, JK Torimiro, JN Wolfe, ND Eitel, MN Kim, B Sanders-Buell, E Jagodzinski, LL Gotte, D Burke, DS Birx, DL McCutchan, FE TI The AG recombinant IbNG and novel strains of group M HIV-1 are common in Cameroon SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; TYPE-1 SUBTYPE-A; DIVERSE SUBTYPES; SEQUENCES; AFRICA; INFECTION; IDENTIFICATION; PREDOMINANCE; EPIDEMIOLOGY AB The genetic diversity of group M HIV-1 is highest in west central Africa. Blood samples from four locations in Cameroon were collected to determine the molecular epidemiology of HIV-1. The C2-V5 region of envelope was sequenced from 39 of the 40 samples collected, and 7 samples were sequenced across the genome. All strains belonged to group M of HIV-1, The circulating recombinant form CRF02_AG (IbNG) was the most common strain (22/39, 56%). Two of these were confirmed by full genome analysis. Four samples (4/39, 10%) clustered with the sub-subtype F2 and one of these was confirmed by full genome sequencing. Recombinant forms, each different but containing subtype A, accounted for the next most common form (7/39, 18%). Among these recombinants, those combining subtypes A and G were the most common (4/7 57%). Also found were 3 subtype A, 2 subtype G, and 1 subtype B strain. Many recombination break points were shared between IbNG and the other AG recombinants, though none of these other AG recombinants included IbNG as a parent. This suggests that there was an ancestral AG recombinant that gave rise to CRF02_AG (IbNG), the successful circulating recombinant form, and to others that were less successful and are now rare. (C) 2001 Academic Press. C1 Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Hop Mil Yaounde, Yaounde, Cameroon. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. RP Carr, JK (reprint author), Henry M Jackson Fdn, 1 Taft Ct,Suite 250, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. OI /0000-0002-5704-8094 NR 34 TC 66 Z9 68 U1 1 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD JUL 20 PY 2001 VL 286 IS 1 BP 168 EP 181 DI 10.1006/viro.2001.0976 PG 14 WC Virology SC Virology GA 456BE UT WOS:000170061600018 PM 11448170 ER PT J AU Sands, JM Jensen, RE Fink, BK McKnight, SH AF Sands, JM Jensen, RE Fink, BK McKnight, SH TI Synthesis and properties of elastomer-modified epoxy-methacrylate sequential interpenetrating networks SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE epoxy; methacrylate; interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs); electron beam ID RUBBER-MODIFIED EPOXIES; POLYMER NETWORK; BEHAVIOR; MORPHOLOGY; IPNS AB The structure and properties of copolymerized sequential-interpenetrating networks (SeqIPNs) synthesized from amine-cured epoxies and free-radical polymerized dimethacrylates were examined. Materials were synthesized with and without the incorporation of an epoxy-terminated butadiene-nitrile reactive elastomer. Synthesis proceeded through full thermal cure of the epoxy-amine network, followed by polymerization of the methacrylate network. The methacrylate reactions were free-radically induced using thermal (peroxide-initiated) or photochemical [electron-beam (e-beam)] techniques. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to monitor epoxy-amine step-growth polymerization in situ and to measure final cure conversion of methacrylates. Structural examination of the IPNs using atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy revealed microphase separation in the neat-SeqIPN materials and macroscopic phase separation of rubber-rich domains for elastomer-modified networks. Dynamic mechanical analysis of the SeqIPN determined that the properties of the network are strongly dependent on the cure conditions. Furthermore, the viscoelastic behavior of the e-beam-cured SeqIPN could be adequately described by the Williams-Landel-Ferry and Kohrausch-Willams-Watts equations, presumably because of a strong coupling between the epoxy-amine and methacrylate networks. (C) 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, WM,M, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Sands, JM (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, WM,M, Bldg 4600 Deer Creek Loop, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 35 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0021-8995 J9 J APPL POLYM SCI JI J. Appl. Polym. Sci. PD JUL 18 PY 2001 VL 81 IS 3 BP 530 EP 545 DI 10.1002/app.1468 PG 16 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 430UH UT WOS:000168593500002 ER PT J AU Paris, R AF Paris, R TI Association of hepatitis C and diabetes mellitus SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Letter ID VIRUS-INFECTION C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Paris, R (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 5 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 USA SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD JUL 17 PY 2001 VL 135 IS 2 BP 141 EP 142 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 452DR UT WOS:000169842300009 PM 11453716 ER PT J AU Stiff, AD Krishna, S Bhattacharya, P Kennerly, S AF Stiff, AD Krishna, S Bhattacharya, P Kennerly, S TI High-detectivity, normal-incidence, mid-infrared (lambda similar to 4 mu m)InAs/GaAs quantum-dot detector operating at 150 K SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY; PHOTODETECTORS AB Normal-incidence InAs/GaAs quantum-dot detectors have been grown, fabricated, and characterized for mid-infrared detection in the temperature range from 78 to 150 K. Due to the presence of an Al0.3Ga0.7As current blocking layer in the heterostructure, the dark current is very low, and at T=100 K, I-dark=1.7 pA for V-bias=0.1 V. The peak of the spectral response curve is at lambda similar to4 mum, with Delta lambda/lambda =0.3 and V-bias=0.1 V. At T=100 K, for V-bias=0.3 V, the peak detectivity, D*, is 3x10(9) cm Hz(1/2)/W, and the peak responsivity, R-p, is 2 mA/W with a photoconductive gain of g=18. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Michigan, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Solid State Elect Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Stiff, AD (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Solid State Elect Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RI Krishna, Sanjay /C-5766-2009 NR 13 TC 93 Z9 95 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUL 16 PY 2001 VL 79 IS 3 BP 421 EP 423 DI 10.1063/1.1385584 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 451AA UT WOS:000169776000048 ER PT J AU Owens, FJ AF Owens, FJ TI Evidence of a second stationary state of the O-4 molecule from density functional theory SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE-THEOCHEM LA English DT Article DE density functional theory; O-4 molecule; new stationary state ID CYCLOTETRAOXYGEN; OXYGEN AB Molecular orbital calculations of the O-4 molecule using density functional theory, employing a 6-311G** basis set predicts a stationary state of a four bonded closed oxygen configuration having D-2d symmetry describing a torsionally distorted square in agreement with previous work. The calculations also predict the existence of another stationary state (isomer), not previously considered, which consists of a three bonded open chain structure and having a lower energy than the D-2d structure. Calculations, of the frequencies of this structure by density functional theory yield no negative frequencies confirming it is a stationary state. The density functional method predicts the structure to have C-2h symmetry similar to the experimental geometry of the isoelectronic N2F2. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Armament Res, Engn & Dev Ctr, Energet Mat Lab, Picatinny, NJ 07801 USA. CUNY Hunter Coll, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10024 USA. RP Owens, FJ (reprint author), USA, Armament Res, Engn & Dev Ctr, Energet Mat Lab, Bldg 3022, Picatinny, NJ 07801 USA. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-1280 J9 J MOL STRUC-THEOCHEM JI Theochem-J. Mol. Struct. PD JUL 16 PY 2001 VL 546 BP 261 EP 264 DI 10.1016/S0166-1280(01)00503-6 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 456QB UT WOS:000170092800026 ER PT J AU Komirenko, SM Kim, KW Stroscio, MA Dutta, M AF Komirenko, SM Kim, KW Stroscio, MA Dutta, M TI Applicability of the Fermi golden rule and the possibility of low-field runaway transport in nitrides SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON; GAN; MOBILITY AB We investigated electron transport characteristics of wide-band polar semiconductors with intermediate strength of the electron-phonon interaction. Electron energy loss to the lattice was calculated as a function of electron velocity for various materials in the frameworks of (a) a perturbative approach based on the calculation of scattering rates from Fermi's golden rule and (b) a non-perturbative approach based on the path-integral formalism of Thornber and Feynman. Our results suggest that the standard perturbative treatment can be applied to GaN and AIN despite the relatively strong electron-phonon coupling in this material system, with intercollision times of the order of the period of the phonon oscillation. Our findings also indicate the possibility for unique long-distance runaway transport in nitrides which may occur at the pre-threshold electric fields. The polaron ground-state energy and effective masses are calculated for GaN and AIN as well as for GaAs and Al2O3. An expression for the Frohlich coupling constant for wurtzites is derived. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Komirenko, SM (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. NR 20 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD JUL 16 PY 2001 VL 13 IS 28 BP 6233 EP 6246 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/13/28/306 PG 14 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 457LK UT WOS:000170138500011 ER EF