FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Eschenberg, K AF Eschenberg, K TI Graphics and the imagination SO COMPUTER GRAPHICS WORLD LA English DT Letter C1 ERDC MSRC, DoD Supercomp Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Eschenberg, K (reprint author), ERDC MSRC, DoD Supercomp Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PENNWELL PUBL CO PI NASHUA PA 98 SPIT BROOK RD, NASHUA, NH 03062-2801 USA SN 0271-4159 J9 COMPUT GRAPH WORLD JI Comput. Graph. World PD APR PY 2001 VL 24 IS 4 BP 8 EP 8 PG 1 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA 416ER UT WOS:000167767800004 ER PT J AU Elston, DM AF Elston, DM TI What's eating you? Dermacentor variabilis SO CUTIS LA English DT Article ID LYME-DISEASE SPIROCHETE; PARASITIZING HUMANS; SOUTH-CAROLINA; TICKS; GEORGIA; IXODIDAE; ACARI C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Elston, DM (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol MCHE DD, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78134 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 650 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD APR PY 2001 VL 67 IS 4 BP 295 EP + PG 2 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 423DD UT WOS:000168159400004 PM 11324390 ER PT J AU La Du, BN Billecke, S Hsu, C Haley, RW Broomfield, CA AF La Du, BN Billecke, S Hsu, C Haley, RW Broomfield, CA TI Serum paraoxonase (PON1) isozymes: The quantitative analysis of isozymes affecting individual sensitivity to environmental chemicals SO DRUG METABOLISM AND DISPOSITION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on New Directions in Pharmacogenetics and Ecogenetics Genetic Defenses Against Environmental Impacts Responses to Infections, Foods and Environmental Toxicants CY OCT 03-06, 1999 CL UNIV MICHIGAN, ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN SP Amer Soc Pharmacol & Exptl Therapeut, Amer Assoc Clin Chem, Burroughs Wellcome Fund, Natl Inst Envronm Hlth Sce, Natl Inst Gen Med Sci, Univ Michigan Dept Pathol, Univ Michigan Dept Pharmacol, Univ Mich Med Sch, Univ Michigan Off Vice President Res, Al Rajhi Travel & Tourism, Univ Washington, Ctr Ecogenet & Environm Hlth, ClinTrials Res Inc, Glaxo Wellcome Res & Dev, Int Soc Study Xenobiot, Johnson & Johnson, Karolinska Inst, Parke Davis/Warner Lambert, Pharmacia & Upjohn Co, Phenogenex LLC, Quest Diagnost, SmithKline Beecham, Soc Toxicol, Wayne State Univ, Toxicol Ctr HO UNIV MICHIGAN ID NEUROLOGIC SYMPTOM COMPLEXES; CORONARY-ARTERY DISEASE; GULF-WAR VETERANS; GENETIC-POLYMORPHISM; PARKINSONS-DISEASE; MOLECULAR-BASIS; HEART-DISEASE; ARYLESTERASE; VARIANT; RISK AB In a recent study on Gulf War veterans who developed delayed neurotoxicity symptoms, we found their levels of serum paraoxonase (PON1) isozyme type Q to be significantly lower than in the control, unaffected veteran group. These results were obtained in 25 ill veterans and 20 well control subjects, of which 10 were deployed and 10 were nondeployed battalion members who remained in the United States during the Gulf War. The blood samples were also assayed for serum butyrylcholinesterase in our laboratory, and more recently in Dr. C. Broomfield's laboratory for somanase and sarinase activities. The cholinesterase activities showed no significant correlation with the PON1 isozyme levels or the severity of the clinical symptoms, but the somanase and sarinase levels ran parallel to the PON1 type Q isozyme concentrations. Although there is no direct evidence that these Gulf War veterans were directly exposed to or encountered either of these nerve gases, they may have been exposed to some environmental or chemical toxin with a similar preference for hydrolysis by the PON1 type Q isozyme. The number of subjects is relatively small, but the results should encourage other investigators to examine both the individual phenotypes and the levels of PON1 isozymes in other groups exhibiting neurological symptoms. C1 Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Dept Pharmacol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Dept Anesthesiol, Ann Arbor, MI USA. Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Div Epidemiol, Dallas, TX USA. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Biochem Pharmacol Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP La Du, BN (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Dept Pharmacol, MSRB 3,Rm 1301, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RI Haley, Robert/P-9026-2014 OI Haley, Robert/0000-0001-8849-9579 NR 27 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC PHARMACOLOGY EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0090-9556 J9 DRUG METAB DISPOS JI Drug Metab. Dispos. PD APR PY 2001 VL 29 IS 4 BP 566 EP 569 PG 4 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 414ML UT WOS:000167670400037 PM 11259353 ER PT J AU Frattarelli, JL AF Frattarelli, JL TI Searching for decision thresholds to predict outcome using ovarian diameter and follicle numbers - Reply SO FERTILITY AND STERILITY LA English DT Letter ID AGE C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Frattarelli, JL (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 4 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0015-0282 J9 FERTIL STERIL JI Fertil. Steril. PD APR PY 2001 VL 75 IS 4 BP 834 EP 835 PG 2 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA 419QL UT WOS:000167960100039 ER PT J AU Cash, BD Schoenfeld, PS Dobhan, R Coyle, WJ Kikendall, JW Butler, JA Schindler, W Furlong, C Cruess, D Lieberman, D AF Cash, BD Schoenfeld, PS Dobhan, R Coyle, WJ Kikendall, JW Butler, JA Schindler, W Furlong, C Cruess, D Lieberman, D TI Colorectal neoplasia screening with colonoscopy in asymptomatic women at regional naval medical centers: Interim results of the CONCERN trial SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Natl Naval Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Ann Arbor, MI USA. Naval Med Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. Naval Med Ctr, Poortsmouth, VA USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Portland, OR 97201 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 2001 VL 120 IS 5 SU 1 MA 509 BP A96 EP A96 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 429KA UT WOS:000168514700469 ER PT J AU Dubinsky, MC Feldman, E Abreu, MT Seidman, EG Baroni, D Kornbluth, A Targan, SR Vasiliauskas, EA AF Dubinsky, MC Feldman, E Abreu, MT Seidman, EG Baroni, D Kornbluth, A Targan, SR Vasiliauskas, EA TI Idiosyncratic adverse reactions to 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) and azathioprine (AZA) can be averted by switching to thioguanine(G-TG) in patients with IBD. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Cedars Sinai Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA. Hop St Justine, Montreal, PQ H3T 1C5, Canada. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Mt Sinai Med Ctr, New York, NY 10029 USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 2001 VL 120 IS 5 SU 1 MA 56 BP A12 EP A12 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 429KA UT WOS:000168514700057 ER PT J AU Dunaway, PM Belle, LSD Maydonovitch, CM Wong, RKH AF Dunaway, PM Belle, LSD Maydonovitch, CM Wong, RKH TI The significance of an abnormal number of nonpropagated waves on GERD, esophageal motility, and dysphagia. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 2001 VL 120 IS 5 SU 1 MA 2192 BP A430 EP A430 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 429KA UT WOS:000168514702127 ER PT J AU Eastone, JA Polish, R Butler, JA Schoenfeld, P AF Eastone, JA Polish, R Butler, JA Schoenfeld, P TI Using adenoma characteristics from the index colonoscopy to determine the appropriate interval between colonoscopies SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Natl Naval Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Michigan, Med Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 2001 VL 120 IS 5 SU 1 MA 512 BP A96 EP A96 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 429KA UT WOS:000168514700472 ER PT J AU Lawitz, EJ Kadakia, SC Jeffries, M Aggarwal, A Bilir, B Galen, EA Diamond, K James, D Jolley, J Matossian, H Nguyen, T Warfield, P AF Lawitz, EJ Kadakia, SC Jeffries, M Aggarwal, A Bilir, B Galen, EA Diamond, K James, D Jolley, J Matossian, H Nguyen, T Warfield, P TI Continuous combination therapy has superior viral clearance compared to standard combination therapy - A multicenter, randomized trial SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 2001 VL 120 IS 5 SU 1 MA 1954 BP A381 EP A381 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 429KA UT WOS:000168514701889 ER PT J AU Mulloy, DP Madden, KB Urban, JF Fleming, SD Rehrig, S Zhao, AP Shea-Donohue, T AF Mulloy, DP Madden, KB Urban, JF Fleming, SD Rehrig, S Zhao, AP Shea-Donohue, T TI Neuromodulation of local and remote effects of nematode infection in small intestine versus colon SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. WRAIR, Silver Spring, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 2001 VL 120 IS 5 SU 1 MA 2723 BP A535 EP A536 PG 2 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 429KA UT WOS:000168514702655 ER PT J AU Rehrig, S Lawson, S Zhao, AP Fleming, S Otchy, D Shea-Donohue, T AF Rehrig, S Lawson, S Zhao, AP Fleming, S Otchy, D Shea-Donohue, T TI Sympathetic nerves and abnormal motility in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 2001 VL 120 IS 5 SU 1 MA 2725 BP A536 EP A536 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 429KA UT WOS:000168514702657 ER PT J AU Shen, E Ovchinsky, N Wong, RH Hirota, WK Baroni, DS Das, KM Griffel, LH AF Shen, E Ovchinsky, N Wong, RH Hirota, WK Baroni, DS Das, KM Griffel, LH TI Cytokeratins 7 & 20 in the diagnosis of Barrett's esophgus (BE) with and without dysplasia SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, New Brunswick, NJ USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 2001 VL 120 IS 5 SU 1 MA 2133 BP A417 EP A418 PG 2 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 429KA UT WOS:000168514702068 ER PT J AU Stojakinovic, A Kiang, J Tsokos, G Shea-Donohue, T AF Stojakinovic, A Kiang, J Tsokos, G Shea-Donohue, T TI Inhibition of constitutive nitric oxide synthase prevents hyperthermia-induced expression of HSP-72 in intestine and liver SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. WRAIR, Silver Spring, MD USA. USUHS, Bethesda, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 2001 VL 120 IS 5 SU 1 MA 1015 BP A193 EP A193 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 429KA UT WOS:000168514700953 ER PT J AU Yang, SQ Lin, HZ Schwenk, R Krytch, U Diehl, AM AF Yang, SQ Lin, HZ Schwenk, R Krytch, U Diehl, AM TI Leptin and hepatic innate immunity SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 2001 VL 120 IS 5 SU 1 MA 131 BP A26 EP A26 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 429KA UT WOS:000168514700127 ER PT J AU Hurwitz, LK Daniels, A Barkin, JS Petruff, C Gaertner, E Moses, F AF Hurwitz, LK Daniels, A Barkin, JS Petruff, C Gaertner, E Moses, F TI Preoperative diagnosis of intraductal papillary mucinous tumors of the pancreas by endoscopic pancreatic biopsy SO GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY LA English DT Article ID DUCTAL ECTASIA; NEOPLASMS C1 Mt Sinai Med Ctr, Div Gastroenterol, Miami Beach, FL 33140 USA. Univ Miami, Sch Med, Div Gastroenterol, Miami Beach, FL 33140 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Gastroenterol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Barkin, JS (reprint author), Mt Sinai Med Ctr, Div Gastroenterol, 4300 Alton Rd, Miami Beach, FL 33140 USA. NR 17 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0016-5107 J9 GASTROINTEST ENDOSC JI Gastrointest. Endosc. PD APR PY 2001 VL 53 IS 4 BP 510 EP 513 DI 10.1067/mge.2001.110085 PG 4 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 418TY UT WOS:000167908500024 PM 11275899 ER PT J AU Eastone, JA Horwhat, D Haluska, O Mathews, J Johnston, MH AF Eastone, JA Horwhat, D Haluska, O Mathews, J Johnston, MH TI Cryoablation of swine esophageal mucosa: A direct comparison to argon plasma coagulation (APC) and multipolar electrocoagulation (MPEC) SO GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Natl Naval Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0016-5107 J9 GASTROINTEST ENDOSC JI Gastrointest. Endosc. PD APR PY 2001 VL 53 IS 5 SU S MA 3448 BP AB121 EP AB121 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 429XG UT WOS:000168542800227 ER PT J AU Fincher, RK Shoenfeld, PS Maydonovitch, CL Butler, JA AF Fincher, RK Shoenfeld, PS Maydonovitch, CL Butler, JA TI Colonoscopic surveillance of patients with a family history of colon cancer and past history of normal colonoscopy: Is a 5-year interval between colonoscopies appropriate? SO GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Ann Arbor, MI USA. Ann Arbor VA, Ann Arbor, MI USA. Natl Naval Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0016-5107 J9 GASTROINTEST ENDOSC JI Gastrointest. Endosc. PD APR PY 2001 VL 53 IS 5 SU S MA 4257 BP AB184 EP AB184 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 429XG UT WOS:000168542800445 ER PT J AU Ghorai, S Rex, D Cummings, O Rahmani, E Shaw, M Dunne, D Helper, D Chiao, G Cummings, M Wong, R Vasudeva, R AF Ghorai, S Rex, D Cummings, O Rahmani, E Shaw, M Dunne, D Helper, D Chiao, G Cummings, M Wong, R Vasudeva, R TI Screening for Barrett's (B) in colonoscopy (CS) patients with and without heartburn (HB) SO GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Indiana Univ, Med Ctr, Indianapolis, IN USA. Park Nicollet Inst, Minneapolis, MN USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ S Carolina, Med Clin, Columbia, SC USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0016-5107 J9 GASTROINTEST ENDOSC JI Gastrointest. Endosc. PD APR PY 2001 VL 53 IS 5 SU S MA 326 BP AB61 EP AB61 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 429XG UT WOS:000168542800022 ER PT J AU Winters, GR Wong, RK Maydonovitch, CL AF Winters, GR Wong, RK Maydonovitch, CL TI Is Schatzki's Ring protective against acid reflux? SO GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0016-5107 J9 GASTROINTEST ENDOSC JI Gastrointest. Endosc. PD APR PY 2001 VL 53 IS 5 SU S MA 4134 BP AB149 EP AB149 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 429XG UT WOS:000168542800322 ER PT J AU Demers, JR Goyette, TM Ferrio, KB Everitt, HO Guenther, BD De Lucia, FC AF Demers, JR Goyette, TM Ferrio, KB Everitt, HO Guenther, BD De Lucia, FC TI Spectral purity and sources of noise in femtosecond-demodulation terahertz sources driven by Ti : sapphire mode-locked lasers SO IEEE JOURNAL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE laser noise; mode-locked lasers; modulation; spectral analysis; submillimeter wave generation; timing jitter ID TEMPERATURE-GROWN GAAS; TIMING JITTER; APPROXIMATION; GENERATION; PULSES AB Direct measurements of the spectral purity in terahertz femtosecond-demodulation sources are reported and compared to theory. Because these sources operate at very high harmonics (similar to 10(2) - 10(4)) of the mode-lock frequency, a high spectral purity source is very dependent on a low-jitter femtosecond laser. Conversely, the spectral content of the terahertz sources provides detailed information about timing jitter and stringent tests of models used to describe the jitter. We find that both the behavior of the central core, and the noise skirts of the power spectrum of our sources, can be quantitatively related to measured ripple and continuum amplitude noise on the Ar+ pump laser by use of modulation theory. C1 Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27706 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Demers, JR (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RI Everitt, Henry/L-7118-2013 OI Everitt, Henry/0000-0002-8141-3768 NR 27 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9197 J9 IEEE J QUANTUM ELECT JI IEEE J. Quantum Electron. PD APR PY 2001 VL 37 IS 4 BP 595 EP 605 DI 10.1109/3.914410 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA 416DX UT WOS:000167766000015 ER PT J AU Ulman, RJ Geraniotis, E AF Ulman, RJ Geraniotis, E TI Motion detection using TDOA and FDOA measurements SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS LA English DT Letter ID LOCATION AB A stationary transmitter can be located using two moving receivers using time and frequency difference of arrival (TDOA/FDOA). However, transmitter motion will cause a bias on the FDOA, resulting in inaccurate locations. If motion is detected, the position Is known to be inaccurate. This paper contains two algorithms for detecting motion using TDOA and FDOA measurements. The distribution for the two algorithms are derived for each hypothesis and performance is compared using simulation results. C1 USA, Res Off, AMS RL, RO,EL, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Elect Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Maryland, Syst Res Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Ulman, RJ (reprint author), USA, Res Off, AMS RL, RO,EL, POB 12211, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. NR 6 TC 3 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9251 J9 IEEE T AERO ELEC SYS JI IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst. PD APR PY 2001 VL 37 IS 2 BP 759 EP 764 DI 10.1109/7.937490 PG 6 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 454CV UT WOS:000169955600034 ER PT J AU Zhao, PJ Cui, HL Woolard, DL Jensen, KL Buot, FA AF Zhao, PJ Cui, HL Woolard, DL Jensen, KL Buot, FA TI Equivalent circuit parameters of resonant tunneling diodes extracted from self-consistent Wigner-Poisson simulation SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES LA English DT Article ID INTRINSIC BISTABILITY; FORMULATION; FREQUENCIES AB The equivalent circuit parameters of resonant tunneling diodes (RTD) are extracted from numerical simulation results for RTDs. The RTD models used in this paper are double barrier structures. The influence of the resonant tunneling structure (RTS) parameters, such as the height of barriers, the width of the quantum well, the width of the spacers, and the width of the barriers, on the device parameters are systematically discussed. The effects of device temperature on device parameters are also discussed. Scattering between electrons and phonons greatly affects device parameters thereby the function of the RTDs. Physical explanations about how the structure parameters and device temperature influence the device parameters are provided. Based on the analysis results, a general way to get a RTD oscillator with a higher maximum frequency is suggested. C1 Stevens Inst Technol, Dept Phys & Engn Phys, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Zhao, PJ (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RI Jensen, Kevin/I-1269-2015 OI Jensen, Kevin/0000-0001-8644-1680 NR 19 TC 12 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9383 J9 IEEE T ELECTRON DEV JI IEEE Trans. Electron Devices PD APR PY 2001 VL 48 IS 4 BP 614 EP 627 DI 10.1109/16.915658 PG 14 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 420BY UT WOS:000167985100001 ER PT J AU Chang, CI Ren, H Chiang, SS AF Chang, CI Ren, H Chiang, SS TI Real-time processing algorithms for target detection and classification in hyperspectral imagery SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE classification; constrained energy minimization (CEM); linearly constrained minimum variance (LCMV); real time implementation; target-constrained interference-minimization; filter (TCIMF); target detection ID SUBSPACE PROJECTION APPROACH AB In this paper, we present a linearly constrained minimum variance (LCMV) beamforming approach to real time processing algorithms for target detection and classification in hyperspectral imagery. The only required knowledge for these LCMV-based algorithms is targets of interest, The idea is to design a finite impulse response (FIR) filter to pass through these targets using a set of linear constraints while also minimizing the variance resulting from unknown signal sources. Two particular LCMV-based target detectors, the constrained energy minimization (CEM) and the target-constrained interference-minimization filter (TCIMF), are presented. In order to expand the ability of the LCMV-based target detectors to classification, the LCMV approach is further generalized so that the targets can be detected and classified simultaneously. By taking advantage of the LCMV-based filter structure, the LCMV-based target detectors and classifiers can be implemented by a QR-decomposition and be processed line-by-line in real time. The experiments using HYDICE and AVIRIS data are conducted to demonstrate their real time implementation. C1 Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Remote Sensing Signal & Image Proc Lab, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Chang, CI (reprint author), Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Remote Sensing Signal & Image Proc Lab, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. NR 22 TC 55 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 6 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0196-2892 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD APR PY 2001 VL 39 IS 4 BP 760 EP 768 DI 10.1109/36.917889 PG 9 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 424RX UT WOS:000168246200007 ER PT J AU Zheng, QF Der, SZ Mahmoud, HI AF Zheng, QF Der, SZ Mahmoud, HI TI Model-based target recognition in pulsed ladar imagery SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON IMAGE PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE automatic target recognition (ATR); ladar; laser radar; 3-D object recognition ID RANGE IMAGES AB A pulsed ladar based object-recognition system with applications to automatic target recognition (ATR) is presented. The approach used is to fit the sensed range images to range templates extracted through a laser physics based simulation applied to geometric target models. A projection-based prescreener filters out more than 80% of candidate templates. For recognition, an M of N pixel matching scheme for internal shape matching is combined with a silhouette matching scheme, The system was trained on synthetic data obtained from the simulation, and has been blind tested on a data set containing real ladar images of military vehicles at various orientations and ranges. Succesful blind testing on real imagery demonstrates the utility of synthetic imagery for training of recognizers operating on ladar imagery. C1 Univ Maryland, Ctr Automat Res, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Zheng, QF (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Ctr Automat Res, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. NR 12 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 8 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 1057-7149 J9 IEEE T IMAGE PROCESS JI IEEE Trans. Image Process. PD APR PY 2001 VL 10 IS 4 BP 565 EP 572 DI 10.1109/83.913591 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA 418DB UT WOS:000167873500008 PM 18249646 ER PT J AU Ghogho, M Swami, A Durrani, TS AF Ghogho, M Swami, A Durrani, TS TI Frequency estimation in the presence of Doppler spread: Performance analysis SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SIGNAL PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE angular spread; Cramer-Rao lower bound; Doppler spread; fading; frequency estimation; multiplicative noise ID CRAMER-RAO BOUNDS; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; RANDOM AMPLITUDE; COLORED NOISE; SIGNALS; PHASE AB In this paper, we are concerned with the estimation of the frequency of a complex sinusoid that has been corrupted by complex-valued multiplicative and additive noises. This problem is important in many applications including array processing in the case of spatially distributed sources and synchronization in the context of time-selective channels. The multiplicative noise smears the spectral line due to the sinusoid. This smearing, which is often called Doppler spreading, may significantly degrade the estimation accuracy. The goal of this paper is to analytically assess this degradation. The finite-sample Cramer-Rao bounds (CRBs) are derived, and closed-form expressions are given for the large-sample CRB. The latter gives insights into the effective coherent and noncoherent SNRs for frequency estimation. We then analyze the accuracy of frequency estimators that are based on the angles of the sample covariances, Simulations results are presented to illustrate the theoretical results. C1 Univ Strathclyde, Dept Elect & Elect Engn, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland. USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, CI,CN, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Ghogho, M (reprint author), Univ Strathclyde, Dept Elect & Elect Engn, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland. NR 20 TC 42 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 1053-587X J9 IEEE T SIGNAL PROCES JI IEEE Trans. Signal Process. PD APR PY 2001 VL 49 IS 4 BP 777 EP 789 DI 10.1109/78.912922 PG 13 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 413AK UT WOS:000167587600011 ER PT J AU Sadler, BM Kozick, RJ Moore, T AF Sadler, BM Kozick, RJ Moore, T TI Bounds on bearing and symbol estimation with side information SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SIGNAL PROCESSING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing CY JUN 05-09, 2000 CL ISTANBUL, TURKEY SP IEEE, Signal Proc Soc DE array processing; communications; constant modulus; Cramer-Rao bounds; estimation; semi-blind ID MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; WAVE-FORMS; ANGLE ESTIMATION; SIGNALS AB In this paper, we develop Cramer-Rao bounds (CRBs) for bearing, symbol, and channel estimation of communications signals in flat-fading channels. We do this using the constrained CRB formulation of German and Hero, and Stoica and Ng, with the unknown parameters treated as deterministic constants. The equality constraints may be combined arbitrarily, e.g., we may develop CRBs for bearing estimation of constant modulus (CM) signals where a subset of the symbols are known (semi-blind, CM case). The results establish the value of side information in a large variety of communications scenarios. We focus on the CM and semi-blind properties and develop closed-form CRBs for these cases. Examples are presented indicating the relative value of the training and CM property. These show the significant amount of signal processing information provided under these two conditions. In addition, we consider the performance of the maximum-likelihood beamformer for the semi-blind case, assuming the bearings are known. This semi-blind beamformer achieves the appropriate (constrained) CRB with finite data at finite SNR. Analysis also reveals that in a semi-blind scenario with two closely spaced sources, ten or more training symbols are sufficient to achieve the asymptotic training regime. Together with previous results on angle estimation for known sources, these results indicate that relatively few training samples enable both angle estimation and closely spaced co-channel source separation that approaches the CRB with finite data and finite SNR. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, CI,CN, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Bucknell Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Lewisburg, PA 17837 USA. RP Sadler, BM (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, CI,CN, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 22 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 1053-587X J9 IEEE T SIGNAL PROCES JI IEEE Trans. Signal Process. PD APR PY 2001 VL 49 IS 4 BP 822 EP 834 DI 10.1109/78.912927 PG 13 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 413AK UT WOS:000167587600016 ER PT J AU Stiles, BG Garza, AR Ulrich, RG Boles, JW AF Stiles, BG Garza, AR Ulrich, RG Boles, JW TI Mucosal vaccination with recombinantly attenuated staphylococcal enterotoxin B and protection in a murine model SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID VIRUS-LIKE PARTICLES; TOXIC SHOCK SYNDROME; FORMALDEHYDE TREATMENT; TOXOID VACCINES; T-CELLS; AUREUS; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE; IMMUNOGENICITY; SUPERANTIGENS; MUTANTS AB Previous work in our laboratory revealed that mice parenterally vaccinated,vith recombinantly attenuated staphylococcal enterotoxin (SE) or toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 develop protective antibodies against a lethal intraperitoneal (i.p.) toxin challenge. This study investigated the efficacy of nasal and oral immunizations with an SEE vaccine (SEBv) toward an i.p. or mucosal (via an aerosol) toxin challenge. Both vaccination routes, with the immunoadjuvant cholera toxin (CT), elicited comparable SEE-specific immunoglobulin A (IgA) and IgG levels in saliva. Nasal or oral inoculations also generated SEE-specific IgA, IgG, and IgM in the serum, but the nasal route yielded higher specific IgG titers, SEBv alone, when given nasally or orally, did not induce any detectable SEE-specific antibody. Mice vaccinated mucosally were protected against a 50% lethal dose of wild type SEE given i.p. or mucosally, thus demonstrating that nasal or oral administration of this SEBv, with CT, elicits systemic and mucosal antibodies to SEE that protect against SEE-induced lethal shock. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Mol Microbiol & Immunol, Toxicol & Aerobiol Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Stiles, BG (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Mol Microbiol & Immunol, Toxicol & Aerobiol Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 31 TC 42 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD APR PY 2001 VL 69 IS 4 BP 2031 EP 2036 DI 10.1128/IAI.69.4.2031-2036.2001 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 413MT UT WOS:000167616500008 PM 11254555 ER PT J AU Marvaud, JC Smith, T Hale, ML Popoff, MR Smith, LA Stiles, BG AF Marvaud, JC Smith, T Hale, ML Popoff, MR Smith, LA Stiles, BG TI Clostridium perfringens iota-toxin: Mapping of receptor binding and ia docking domains on Ib SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID BOTULINUM C2 TOXIN; PROTECTIVE ANTIGEN; ANTHRAX TOXIN; LETHAL FACTOR; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; SPIROFORME TOXIN; CELLULAR UPTAKE; COMPONENT C2II; BINARY TOXIN; CELLS AB Clostridium perfringens iota-toxin is a binary toxin consisting of iota a (Ia), an ADP-ribosyltransferase that modifies actin, and iota b (Ib), which binds to a cell surface protein and translocates Ia into a target cell. Fusion proteins of recombinant Ib and truncated variants were tested for binding to Vero cells and docking with Ia via fluorescence-activated cytometry and cytotoxicity experiments. C-terminal residues (656 to 665) of Ib were critical for cell surface binding, and truncated Ib variants containing greater than or equal to 200 amino acids of the C terminus were effective Ib competitors and prevented iota cytotoxicity. The N-terminal domain (residues 1 to 106) of Ib was important for Ia docking, yet this region was not an effective competitor of iota cytotoxicity. Further studies showed that Ib lacking just the N-terminal 27 residues did not facilitate Ia entry into a target cell and subsequent cytotoxicity. Five monoclonal antibodies against Ib were also tested with each truncated Ib variant for epitope and structural mapping by surface plasmon resonance and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Each antibody bound to a linear epitope within the N terminus (residues 28 to 66) or the C terminus (residues 632 to 655). Antibodies that target the C terminus neutralized in vitro cytotoxicity and delayed the lethal effects of iota-toxin in mice. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Toxicol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Inst Pasteur, Unite Toxines Microbiennes, Paris, France. RP Stiles, BG (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Toxicol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 36 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD APR PY 2001 VL 69 IS 4 BP 2435 EP 2441 DI 10.1128/IAI.69.4.2435-2441.2001 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 413MT UT WOS:000167616500057 PM 11254604 ER PT J AU Etzkorn, LH Hughes, WE Davis, CG AF Etzkorn, LH Hughes, WE Davis, CG TI Automated reusability quality analysis of OO legacy software SO INFORMATION AND SOFTWARE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE software quality metrics; software reuse; object-oriented software; reusability metrics; object-oriented metrics ID METRICS; DESIGN; MODEL; CODE AB Software reuse increases productivity, reduces costs, and improves quality. Object-oriented (OO) software has been shown to be inherently more reusable than functionally decomposed software; however, most OO software was not specifically designed for reuse [Software Reuse Guidelines and Methods, Plenum Press, New York, 1991]. This paper describes the analysis, in terms of quality factors related to reusability, contained in an approach that aids significantly in assessing existing OO software for reusability. An automated tool implementing the approach is validated by comparing the tool's quality determinations to that of human experts. This comparison provides insight into how OO software metrics should be interpreted in relation to the quality factors they purport to measure. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Alabama, Dept Comp Sci, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. Univ Alabama, USA, Space & Missile Def Command, Dept Ind & Syst Engn, Huntsville, AL USA. RP Univ Alabama, Dept Comp Sci, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. EM letzkorn@cs.uah.edu; hughesb@smdc.army.mil; cdavis@cs.uah.edu NR 33 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0950-5849 EI 1873-6025 J9 INFORM SOFTWARE TECH JI Inf. Softw. Technol. PD APR 1 PY 2001 VL 43 IS 5 BP 295 EP 308 DI 10.1016/S0950-5849(00)00169-5 PG 14 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA 418UL UT WOS:000167909700002 ER PT J AU Szebeni, J Alving, CR Savay, S Barenholz, Y Priev, A Danino, D Talmon, Y AF Szebeni, J Alving, CR Savay, S Barenholz, Y Priev, A Danino, D Talmon, Y TI Formation of complement-activating particles in aqueous solutions of Taxol: possible role in hypersensitivity reactions SO INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cancer chemotherapy; drug allergy; micelles; cremophor EL; cryo-TEM; hypersensitivity reactions; IVIG ID DOSE INTRAVENOUS CYCLOSPORINE; CREMOPHOR EL; ANAPHYLACTOID REACTIONS; PACLITAXEL; MECHANISM; LIPOSOMES; INFUSION; ANAPHYLATOXINS; CHOLESTEROL; SURFACTANTS AB We reported earlier that the anticancer drug paclitaxel (Taxol) activated the complement (C) system in human serum in vitro, raising the possibility that C activation might play a role in the ill-understood hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs) to this drug [J, Natl. Cancer Inst. 90 (1998) 300], In pursuing the mechanism of C activation by Taxol, the present study provided evidence that dilution of the injection concentrate in aqueous solvents led to the formation of micelles and needle-like structures, both of which caused C activation in vitro. Micelles were formed mainly from Cremophor EL (CrEL), the nonionic emulsifier vehicle of paclitaxel, whose level in Taxol infusion exceeded its critical micelle concentration by at Least 400-fold. CrEL micelles were shown by quasi-elastic light scattering and cryo-transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM) to be spherical with diameters in the 8-22 nm range; however, de novo formation of 50-300 nm microdroplets following incubation with human plasma suggested further fundamental structural transformation in blood. The needle-like structures extended to the multimicron range and were shown by electron diffraction to be crystalline paclitaxel, Taxol-induced C activation was manifested in varying rises of serum C3a-desarg, iC3b and SC5b-9. The causal role of CrEL micelles in C activation was demonstrated by the fact that filtration of aqueous solutions of Taxol or pure CrEL via 30-kDa cutoff filters eliminated, while the filter retentate restored C activation. C activation by Taxol was also inhibited by 10 mg/ml human immunoglobulin (IVIG). If proven clinically, HSRs to Taxol may represent a hitherto vaguely classified adverse drug reaction recently called C activation-related pseudoallergy (CARPA) [Circulation 99 (1999) 2302]. (C) 2001 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Membrane Biochem, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Hadassah Med Sch, Lab Membrane & Liposome Res, IL-91120 Jerusalem, Israel. Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Chem Engn, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. RP Szebeni, J (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Membrane Biochem, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RI Danino, Dganit/D-6832-2016 OI Danino, Dganit/0000-0002-9782-4940 NR 58 TC 81 Z9 89 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1567-5769 J9 INT IMMUNOPHARMACOL JI Int. Immunopharmacol. PD APR PY 2001 VL 1 IS 4 BP 721 EP 735 DI 10.1016/S1567-5769(01)00006-6 PG 15 WC Immunology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Immunology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 434NF UT WOS:000168821800011 PM 11357884 ER PT J AU Young, RJ Gilson, RT Yanase, D Elston, DM AF Young, RJ Gilson, RT Yanase, D Elston, DM TI Cutaneous sarcoidosis SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Review ID SCAR SARCOIDOSIS; THALIDOMIDE; GRANULOMAS; DISEASE; THERAPY C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. RP Elston, DM (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 27 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0011-9059 J9 INT J DERMATOL JI Int. J. Dermatol. PD APR PY 2001 VL 40 IS 4 BP 249 EP 253 DI 10.1046/j.1365-4362.2001.01151.x PG 5 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 452ZQ UT WOS:000169890100002 PM 11454079 ER PT J AU Pandolf, KB AF Pandolf, KB TI Rated perceived exertion during exercise in the heat, cold or at high altitude SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORT PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 45th Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Sports-Medicine CY JUN 03-06, 1998 CL ORLANDO, FLORIDA SP Amer Coll Sports Med DE adaptation; hypoxia; physical exercise; RPE; thermal extremes ID HUMAN THERMOREGULATORY RESPONSES; ARTIFICIALLY INDUCED SUNBURN; PROLONGED EXERCISE; EXPOSURE; PERFORMANCE; WATER; MEN; HYPERTHERMIA; ACCLIMATION; DEHYDRATION AB More is known about rated perceived exertion (RPE) during exercise in the heat than in the cold or at high altitude. During heat acclimation, the "plateau day(s)" for RPE is generally after 3 to 6 days of continuous daily heat exposure. This coincides with the plateau day(s) during heat acclimation reported for heart rate (HR) and plasma volume expansion, and overlaps with the plateau day(s) for rectal temperature (Tre). Except for HR, none of these physiological adaptations are thought to strongly influence RPE. Although absolute and relative exercise intensity may provide important sensory cues to RPE in certain situations, both do not appear to be major influences during heat acclimation. At the same relative exercise intensity, RPE appears to be higher in the heat acclimation. At the same relative exercise intensity, RPE appears to be higher in the beat than in the cold. At low and high exercise intensities in cool or cold water, RPE is moderately correlated with HR (r=0.68) and pulmonary ventilation (r=0.61), whereas very slight relationships are observed with Tre and skin temperatures (r=0.20 and r=0.10). Changes in oxygen uptake attributed to shivering during exercise in cool and cold water do not appear to add to RPE. The effects of hypoxia associated with exercise at high altitude. At high altitude, blood lactate values are markedly altered during exercise particularly during chronic exposure, and have a major influence on RPE. Further, central RPE (cardiopulmonary rating) is reported to be highly correlated (r=0.88) with Acute Mountain Sickness symptoms. While much is known about RPE during exercise in the heat, more research is needed to fully understand RPE during exercise in the cold or at high altitude. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Pandolf, KB (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 43 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 10 PU EDIZIONI LUIGI POZZI PI ROME PA VIA PANAMA 68, 00198 ROME, ITALY SN 0047-0767 J9 INT J SPORT PSYCHOL JI Int. J. Sport Psychol. PD APR-JUN PY 2001 VL 32 IS 2 BP 162 EP 176 PG 15 WC Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism; Psychology; Psychology, Multidisciplinary; Sport Sciences SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Psychology; Sport Sciences GA 439FW UT WOS:000169101000005 ER PT J AU Herndon, TM Kim, TT Goeckeritz, BE Moores, LK Oglesby, RJ Dennis, GJ AF Herndon, TM Kim, TT Goeckeritz, BE Moores, LK Oglesby, RJ Dennis, GJ TI Alveolar hemorrhage and pulmonary hypertension in systemic sclerosis: A continuum of scleroderma renal crisis? SO JCR-JOURNAL OF CLINICAL RHEUMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE systemic sclerosis; SSc; scleroderma; renal crisis; alveolar hemorrhage AB Alveolar hemorrhage occurs as a complication of systemic inflammatory diseases, in addition to alveolar hemorrhage, patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) may suffer from digital infarction, pulmonary hypertension, and renal crisis. Although a common pathogenesis of this disease that explains the variety of problems during a patient's illness has yet to be identified, the unique characteristics of SSc may alter our approach to alveolar hemorrhage in this patient population. We describe a patient with SSc, who presented with pulmonary hypertension and alveolar hemorrhage complicated by features suggesting reoccurrence of scleroderma renal crisis. Our successful management of this patient, with complications that are usually of high morbidity, may be attributed to our judicious use of glucocorticosteroid therapy and maximization of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition. In view of the potential for glucocorticoids to precipitate scleroderma renal crisis, we suggest caution in the use of these medications for manifestations that may be similar in their pathogenesis. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Herndon, TM (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1076-1608 J9 JCR-J CLIN RHEUMATOL JI JCR-J. Clin. Rheumatol. PD APR PY 2001 VL 7 IS 2 BP 115 EP 119 DI 10.1097/00124743-200104000-00013 PG 5 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 428HE UT WOS:000168455200013 PM 17039108 ER PT J AU Montgomery, JS Wells, MGH AF Montgomery, JS Wells, MGH TI Titanium armor applications in combat vehicles SO JOM-JOURNAL OF THE MINERALS METALS & MATERIALS SOCIETY LA English DT Article AB Titanium armor is being incorporated in to the design of existing and future U.S. Army combat vehicles because it offers the best method of reducing vehicle weight and thus improving performance. Titanium's excellent specific mechanical and ballistic properties, as well as ease of fabrication, will likely make it a part of the U.S. Army's future combat system. How large a part it will be will depend on an overall cost/performance optimization. C1 USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Montgomery, JS (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 11 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 4 U2 8 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 1047-4838 J9 JOM-J MIN MET MAT S JI JOM-J. Miner. Met. Mater. Soc. PD APR PY 2001 VL 53 IS 4 BP 29 EP 32 DI 10.1007/s11837-001-0144-2 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA 419XP UT WOS:000167974500007 ER PT J AU Nindl, BC Kraemer, WJ Marx, JO Arciero, PJ Dohi, K Kellogg, MD Loomis, GA AF Nindl, BC Kraemer, WJ Marx, JO Arciero, PJ Dohi, K Kellogg, MD Loomis, GA TI Overnight responses of the circulating IGF-I system after acute, heavy-resistance exercise SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3; insulin-like growth factor binding protein-2; acid-labile subunit; strength training ID GROWTH-FACTOR-I; FACTOR BINDING-PROTEINS; ACID-LABILE SUBUNIT; OLDER MEN; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; HEALTHY-MEN; HORMONE GH; SERUM; WOMEN; PROTEOLYSIS AB This study evaluated the individual components of the insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) system [i.e., total and free IGF-I, insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP)-2 and -3, and the acid-labile subunit (ALS)I in 10 young, healthy men (age: 22 +/- 1 yr, height: 177 +/- 2 cm, weight: 79 +/- 3 kg, body fat: 11 +/- 1%)) overnight for 13 h after two conditions: a resting control (Con) and an acute, heavy-resistance exercise protocol (Ex). The Ex was a high-volume, multiset exercise protocol that alternated between 10- and Ei-repetition maximum sets with 90-s rest periods between sets. The Ex was performed from 1500 to 1700; blood was obtained immediately postexercise and sampled throughout the night (every 10 min for the first hour and every hour thereafter) until 0600 the next morning. For the first hour, significant differences (P less than or equal to 0.05) were only observed for IGFBP-3 (Ex: 3,801 > Con: 3,531 ng/ml). For the overnight responses, no differences were observed for total or free IGF-I or IGFBP-3, whereas IGFBP-8 increased (Ex: 561 > Con: 500 ng/ml) and ALS decreased (Ex: 35 < Con: 39 g/ml) after exercise. The results from this study suggest that the impact that resistance exercise exerts on the circulating IGF-I system is not in the alteration of the amount of IGF-I but rather of the manner in which IGF-I is partitioned among its family of binding proteins. Thus acute, heavy-resistance exercise can lead to alterations in the IGF-I system that can be detected in the systemic circulation. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Performance Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Div Nutr & Biochem, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Penn State Univ, Intercoll Grad Program Physiol, University Pk, PA 16801 USA. Penn State Univ, Noll Lab, Gen Clin Res Ctr, University Pk, PA 16801 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Kinesiol, University Pk, PA 16801 USA. Skidmore Coll, Dept Exercise Sci, Saratoga Springs, NY 12866 USA. Ball State Univ, Human Performance Lab, Muncie, IN 47306 USA. RP Nindl, BC (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Performance Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. OI Kellogg, Mark/0000-0003-1868-2153 FU NCRR NIH HHS [MO1-RR-10732] NR 45 TC 57 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD APR PY 2001 VL 90 IS 4 BP 1319 EP 1326 PG 8 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 411HD UT WOS:000167491500019 PM 11247930 ER PT J AU Schwartz, BF Bruce, J Leslie, S Stoller, ML AF Schwartz, BF Bruce, J Leslie, S Stoller, ML TI Rethinking the role of urinary magnesium in calcium urolithiasis SO JOURNAL OF ENDOUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID OXALATE UROLITHIASIS; OXIDE; CRYSTALLIZATION; CITRATE; NEPHROLITHIASIS; DEFICIENCY; THERAPY; SALTS AB Background and Purpose: The role of magnesium in urinary stone formation remains undefined. In vivo, magnesium inhibits stone formation in hyperoxaluric rats, and small clinical studies suggest a protective effect of magnesium supplementation in calcium oxalate stone formers. We performed a retrospective review of more than 7000 stone patients to see if there is a relation between urinary magnesium and other stone risk variable constituents. Materials and Methods: A national database of stone formers categorized by residential ZIP code was queried, and, using strict inclusion criteria, 2147 patients having pure calcium oxalate stones were identified. There were 1912 (89%) eumagnesuric (43-246 mg/24 hours) and 235 (11%) hypomagnesuric (<43 mg/24 hours) patients. Results: Patients with decreased urinary magnesium excretion had significantly less daily urine excretion of citrate, calcium, oxalate, uric acid, and sodium than the eumagnesuric group (p < 0.0001). Stone recurrence was slightly more common in the hypomagnesuric group, although the difference was not statistically significant. The percentage of patients voiding <1 L of urine per day was significantly higher in the hypomagnesuric group. m the eumagnesuric group, males outnumbered females 2:1, whereas hypomagnesuric patients showed a female predominance of 1.4:1. Conclusion: The beneficial effects of urinary magnesium on stone formation may be less than previously reported. The role of oral magnesium supplementation and the subsequent increase in urinary magnesium in calcium urinary stone formation remains unknown. Our data suggest that its effect on or interaction with citrate may be influential on urinary citrate concentrations. If magnesium has a protective effect, it may work through pathways that enhance citrate excretion. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Urol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Serv Urol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Stoller, ML (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Urol, U-575, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. NR 23 TC 14 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 2 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 0892-7790 J9 J ENDOUROL JI J. Endourol. PD APR PY 2001 VL 15 IS 3 BP 233 EP 235 DI 10.1089/089277901750161638 PG 3 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 423RV UT WOS:000168191800001 PM 11339386 ER PT J AU Taraza, D Henein, NA Bryzik, W AF Taraza, D Henein, NA Bryzik, W TI The frequency analysis of the crankshaft's speed variation: A reliable tool for diesel engine diagnosis SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING FOR GAS TURBINES AND POWER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article AB The speed variation of the crankshaft may be easily and accurately measured using a shaft encoder and counting the pulses of the internal clock of the data acquisition system. If the crankshaft would be a rigid body, the variation of its angular speed could be directly correlated to the total gas-pressure torque. Actually, the variation of the crank shaft's speed has a complex nature being influenced by the torsional stiffness of the cranks, the mass moments of inertia of the reciprocating masses and the average speed and load of the engine. Analyzing only the lower harmonic orders of the speed variation spectrum can filter out the distortions produced by the dynamic response of the crankshaft. The information carried by these harmonic orders permits to establish correlations between measurements and the average gas pressure torque of the engine, and to detect malfunctions and identify faulty cylinders. C1 Wayne State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. USA, TARDEC, Warren, MI 48397 USA. RP Taraza, D (reprint author), Wayne State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, 5050 Anthony Wayne Dr, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. NR 16 TC 7 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0742-4795 J9 J ENG GAS TURB POWER JI J. Eng. Gas. Turbines Power-Trans. ASME PD APR PY 2001 VL 123 IS 2 BP 428 EP 432 DI 10.1115/1.1359479 PG 5 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 438AL UT WOS:000169031500025 ER PT J AU Sjogren, MH Holtzmuller, K Sjogren, RW AF Sjogren, MH Holtzmuller, K Sjogren, RW TI Interferon ALFA-2B (IFN-a2B)/ribavirin compared to consensus interferon (CIFN)/ribavirin in treatment of chronic hepatitis C SO JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Kaiser Permanente, Falls Church, VA USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-8278 J9 J HEPATOL JI J. Hepatol. PD APR PY 2001 VL 34 SU 1 BP 234 EP 234 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 441RM UT WOS:000169243400868 ER PT J AU Cross, AS Opal, SM Warren, HS Palardy, JE Glaser, K Parejo, NA Bhattacharjee, AK AF Cross, AS Opal, SM Warren, HS Palardy, JE Glaser, K Parejo, NA Bhattacharjee, AK TI Active immunization with a detoxified Escherichia coli J5 lipopolysaccharide group B meningococcal outer membrane protein complex vaccine protects animals from experimental sepsis SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID NEGATIVE BACTERIAL SEPSIS; DOUBLE-BLIND; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; SEPTIC SHOCK; BACTEREMIA; MUTANT; ANTISERUM; TRIAL; IGG; INFECTION AB The passive infusion of antibodies elicited in rabbits with a detoxified J5 lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/group B meningococcal outer membrane protein complex vaccine protected neutropenic rats from heterologous lethal gram-negative bacterial infection. In this study, active immunization was studied in neutropenic rats infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, in the presence or absence of ceftazidime therapy, and with Klebsiella pneumoniae. This vaccine elicited a >200-fold increase in anti-J5 LPS antibody, which remained elevated throughout the duration of cyclophosphamide-induced neutropenia and for less than or equal to3 months. There was improved survival among immunized versus control animals: 48% (13/28) versus 7% (2/29) in Pseudomonas-challenged rats; 61% (11/18) versus 0% (0/10) in Pseudomonas- and ceftazdime-treated rats; and 64% (9/14) versus 13% (2/15) in Klebsiella-challenged rats (P < .01 for each comparison). Immunized animals had lower levels of bacteria in organs and lower levels of circulating endotoxin at the onset of fever. In conclusion, active immunization with an anti-endotoxin vaccine improved survival after infection with 2 heterologous, clinically relevant bacterial species in immunocompromised animals. Active immunization with this vaccine merits further investigation. C1 Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis,MSTF, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Bacterial Dis, Silver Spring, MD USA. Brown Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Providence, RI 02912 USA. Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Infect Dis Unit, Charlestown, MA USA. RP Cross, AS (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis,MSTF, Ste 900,10 S Pine St, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI42181] NR 30 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD APR 1 PY 2001 VL 183 IS 7 BP 1079 EP 1086 DI 10.1086/319297 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 409CL UT WOS:000167366900012 PM 11237833 ER PT J AU Wang, D Menyuk, CR AF Wang, D Menyuk, CR TI Calculation of penalties due to polarization effects in a long-haul WDM system using a Stokes parameter model SO JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE optical fiber transmission; outage probabilities; polarization effects; reduced models; Stokes parameters; wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) ID LIGHTWAVE SYSTEMS; DISPERSION; EVOLUTION AB We derive a Stokes parameter model to calculate the penalties due to the combination of polarization mode dispersion (PMD), polarization dependent loss (PDL). and polarization dependent gain (PDG) in long-haul, dense wavelength divison multiplexed (WDM) systems. In this model, we follow the Stokes parameters for the signal and the noise in each channel instead of following the full time domain behavior of each channel, This approach allows us to determine the statistical distribution of penalties with up to 10(5) fiber realizations and 40 channels. We validate this model to the extent possible by comparison to full numerical simulations. Using this model, we find that the interaction of PMD and PDL is the major source of penalties and that the effect of PDG is negligible in WDM systems with more than ten channels. C1 Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Comp Sci & Elect Engn, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. USARL, Lab Telecommun Sci, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Wang, D (reprint author), Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Comp Sci & Elect Engn, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. NR 13 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0733-8724 J9 J LIGHTWAVE TECHNOL JI J. Lightwave Technol. PD APR PY 2001 VL 19 IS 4 BP 487 EP 494 DI 10.1109/50.920846 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Optics; Telecommunications GA 430KW UT WOS:000168573900007 ER PT J AU Doughty, RA AF Doughty, RA TI The censured war: A history of European soldiers from 1914-18 SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Doughty, RA (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY PI LEXINGTON PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA 24450-1600 USA SN 0899-3718 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD APR PY 2001 VL 65 IS 2 BP 519 EP 520 DI 10.2307/2677206 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 415TP UT WOS:000167739200048 ER PT J AU Yates, LA AF Yates, LA TI Rolling the iron dice: Historical analogies and decisions to use military force in regional contingencies SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 Combat Studies Inst, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Yates, LA (reprint author), Combat Studies Inst, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY PI LEXINGTON PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA 24450-1600 USA SN 0899-3718 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD APR PY 2001 VL 65 IS 2 BP 562 EP 563 DI 10.2307/2677241 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 415TP UT WOS:000167739200085 ER PT J AU Cunningham, KR AF Cunningham, KR TI Marines under armor: The Marine Corps and the armored fighting vehicle, 1916-2000 SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 USA War Coll, Carlisle Barracks, PA USA. RP Cunningham, KR (reprint author), USA War Coll, Carlisle Barracks, PA USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY PI LEXINGTON PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA 24450-1600 USA SN 0899-3718 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD APR PY 2001 VL 65 IS 2 BP 568 EP 569 DI 10.2307/2677246 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 415TP UT WOS:000167739200090 ER PT J AU Tullous, MW Henry, MN Wang, PTH Vollmer, DG Auber, AE Mancuso, PA AF Tullous, MW Henry, MN Wang, PTH Vollmer, DG Auber, AE Mancuso, PA TI Multiple-revolution spiral osteotomy for cranial reconstruction - Technical note SO JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY LA English DT Article DE spiral osteotomy; craniosynostosis; cranial defect; modeling technique ID SAGITTAL SYNOSTOSIS; SURGICAL-CORRECTION; SKULL AB Various combinations of cranial remodeling techniques are used in an attempt to provide optimal cosmetic results and to reduce possible sequelae associated with craniosynostosis. One element of deformity that is difficult to correct directly is an overly flattened area such as that found in the parietal area in sagittal synostosis, unilaterally in lambdoid synostosis, or even in severe positional molding. The authors present a novel application for recontouring cranial bone, namely the multiple-revolution spiral osteotomy. The advantages of this technique include the avoidance of large areas of craniectomy and immediate correction of the cranial deformity. The surgical procedure, illustrative cases, early results, and apparent benefits of this technique are discussed. C1 Lone Star Neurosurg, Pediat Sect, San Antonio, TX 78207 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Neurosurg, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Plast & Reconstruct Surg, San Antonio, TX USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Tullous, MW (reprint author), Lone Star Neurosurg, Pediat Sect, 315 N San Saba,Suite 1240, San Antonio, TX 78207 USA. NR 22 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC NEUROLOGICAL SURGEONS PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA UNIV VIRGINIA, 1224 WEST MAIN ST, STE 450, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903 USA SN 0022-3085 J9 J NEUROSURG JI J. Neurosurg. PD APR PY 2001 VL 94 IS 4 BP 671 EP 676 DI 10.3171/jns.2001.94.4.0671 PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology; Surgery SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Surgery GA 417YD UT WOS:000167862300024 PM 11302674 ER PT J AU Austin, GW Cuenin, MF Hokett, SD Peacock, ME Sutherland, DE Erbland, JF Billman, MA AF Austin, GW Cuenin, MF Hokett, SD Peacock, ME Sutherland, DE Erbland, JF Billman, MA TI Effect of nicotine on fibroblast beta(1) integrin expression and distribution in vitro SO JOURNAL OF PERIODONTOLOGY LA English DT Article DE nicotine/adverse effects; fibroblasts; integrin beta-1 subunit ID SUBSTRATUM ADHESION RECEPTORS; HUMAN GINGIVAL FIBROBLASTS; CIGARETTE-SMOKING; PERIODONTAL-DISEASE; CELL-ADHESION; RISK FACTOR; IDENTIFICATION; SMOKERS; THERAPY AB Background: Integrins are a family of transmembrane cell surface glycoproteins, and those with the beta (1)-subunit function in both cell-to-cell and cell-to-substrate adhesion. The purpose of this study was to determine nicotine's effect on the expression and distribution of the beta (1) integrin subunit on the human gingival fibroblast cell surface. Methods: Pure nicotine was diluted in medium to the following concentrations: 0 (control), 0.025, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.4 muM. Human gingival fibroblasts (HFG) were grown for 24 hours in each concentration and fluorescein-labeled with a mouse monoclonal anti-human beta (1) antibody and secondarily incubated with a urease-labeled anti-mouse IgG antibody. After a final wash, the cells were incubated with urea/bromcresol blue substrate for 15 minutes at 37 degreesC and measured in a microplate reader at 570 nm. Results: The integrin beta (1)-subunit was detected on the HGF surface membrane by fluorescence labeling, and cell-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay testing demonstrated its decreased expression with increasing nicotine concentrations that were statistically different at the concentrations of 0.2 and 0.4 muM versus controls (P <0.05). Conclusions: Nicotine concentrations of 0.2 and 0.4 M significantly decrease beta (1) integrin expression in human gingival fibroblasts that may affect cell-cell and cell-substratum adhesion during wound healing. C1 USA, Dent Activ, Tingay Dent Clin, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. Canadian Forces Dent Serv, CFB Edmonton, AB, Canada. Med Coll Georgia, Dept Oral Biol & Oral Med, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. Med Coll Georgia, Dept Periodont, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. RP Hokett, SD (reprint author), USA, Dent Activ, Tingay Dent Clin, Bldg 320,E Hosp Rd, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. NR 36 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ACAD PERIODONTOLOGY PI CHICAGO PA 737 NORTH MICHIGAN AVENUE, SUITE 800, CHICAGO, IL 60611-2690 USA SN 0022-3492 J9 J PERIODONTOL JI J. Periodont. PD APR PY 2001 VL 72 IS 4 BP 438 EP 444 DI 10.1902/jop.2001.72.4.438 PG 7 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 423WW UT WOS:000168201600002 PM 11338295 ER PT J AU Evans, MD Evans, DM Sherman, LD AF Evans, MD Evans, DM Sherman, LD TI Seven keys to a successful ASCE student chapter or club: Guide for student leaders and faculty advisors SO JOURNAL OF PROFESSIONAL ISSUES IN ENGINEERING EDUCATION AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article AB ASCE student chapter and club activities are extremely valuable to the growth and development of undergraduate civil engineers in that they help develop teamwork, leadership, and project management skills. Student leaders and faculty advisors often need help and encouragement to improve their student chapter organizations or take them in new directions. This paper identifies seven key elements that are crucial for any successful student chapter or club. The importance of the seven keys is explained and tips are provided for proper inclusion of these elements. Finally, student leader survey results regarding the seven keys are presented and discussed. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Civil Engn & Mech, W Point, NY 10996 USA. Highway & Traff Signal Design Inc, Charlestown, MA 02129 USA. RP Evans, MD (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Civil Engn & Mech, Mahan Hall, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 1052-3928 J9 J PROF ISS ENG ED PR JI J. Prof. Issues Eng. Educ. Pract. PD APR PY 2001 VL 127 IS 2 BP 65 EP 74 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)1052-3928(2001)127:2(65) PG 10 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Education & Educational Research; Engineering GA 415HJ UT WOS:000167715100009 ER PT J AU Keesee, SM Cameron, SM Lefler, TB AF Keesee, SM Cameron, SM Lefler, TB TI Fabricating a simple closure guide for the dual-arch impression technique SO JOURNAL OF PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY LA English DT Article C1 USA, Dent Activ, Prosthodont Residency Program, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. RP Keesee, SM (reprint author), USA, Dent Activ, Tingay Dent Clin, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0022-3913 J9 J PROSTHET DENT JI J. Prosthet. Dent. PD APR PY 2001 VL 85 IS 4 BP 418 EP 418 DI 10.1067/mpr.2001.114274 PG 1 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 429TT UT WOS:000168533600022 PM 11319543 ER PT J AU Ahmed, SA Byrne, MP Jensen, M Hines, HB Brueggemann, E Smith, LA AF Ahmed, SA Byrne, MP Jensen, M Hines, HB Brueggemann, E Smith, LA TI Enzymatic autocatalysis of botulinum a neurotoxin light chain SO JOURNAL OF PROTEIN CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE botulinum neurotoxin autocatalysis; proteolytic degradation; zinc-endopeptidase; light chain; synthetic gene ID CLOSTRIDIAL NEUROTOXINS; STRUCTURAL-ANALYSIS; SNARE MOTIF; PURIFICATION; CLEAVAGE; SEQUENCE; TETANUS; ZINC; IDENTIFICATION; RECONSTITUTION AB Highly purified recombinant zinc-endopeptidase light chain of the botulinum neurotoxin serotype A underwent autocatalytic proteolytic processing and fragmentation. In the absence of added zinc, initially 10-28 residues were cleaved from the C-terminal end of the 448-residue protein followed by the appearance of an SDS-stable dimer and finally fragmentation near the middle of the molecule. In the presence of added zinc, the rate of fragmentation was accelerated but the specificity of the cleavable bond changed, suggesting a structural role for zinc in the light chain. The C-terminal proteolytic processing was reduced, and fragmentation near the middle of the molecule was prevented by adding the metal chelator TPEN to the light chain. Similarly, adding a competitive peptide inhibitor (CRATKML) of the light-chain catalytic activity also greatly reduced the proteolysis. With these results, for the first time, we provide clear evidence that the loss of C-terminal peptides and fragmentation of the light chain are enzymatic and autocatalytic. By isolating both the large and small peptides, we sequenced them by Edman degradation and ESIMS-MS, and mapped the sites of proteolysis. We also found that proteolysis occurred at F266-G267, F419-T420, F423-E424, R432-G433, and C430-V431 bonds in addition to the previously reported Y250-Y251 and K438-T439 bonds. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Immunol & Mol Biol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Toxinol & Aerobiol, Dept Cell Biol & Biochem, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Ahmed, SA (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Immunol & Mol Biol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 35 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 1 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0277-8033 J9 J PROTEIN CHEM JI J. Protein Chem. PD APR PY 2001 VL 20 IS 3 BP 221 EP 231 DI 10.1023/A:1010952025677 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 467GH UT WOS:000170693700005 PM 11565902 ER PT J AU Schutz, HG Cardello, AV AF Schutz, HG Cardello, AV TI A labeled affective magnitude (LAM) scale for assessing food liking/disliking SO JOURNAL OF SENSORY STUDIES LA English DT Article ID FUNCTIONAL-MEASUREMENT; PSYCHOPHYSICAL JUDGMENT; RATIO; TASTE; ACCEPTANCE; PERCEPTION AB The most widely used scale for assessing food liking or disliking is the 9-pt hedonic scale. Unfortunately, this affective scale suffers from problems related to unequal scale intervals and the underuse of end categories, which results in a reduced ability to differentiate among extremely well liked or extremely disliked foods. Magnitude estimation avoids these problems while enabling ratio statements to be made about the data. However, it does not provide absolute ratings of liking/disliking and can be difficult for some consumers to use. We report here on the development of a labeled affective magnitude scale (LAM) scale that has advantages over both the 9-pt hedonic scale and magnitude estimation. Forty-four semantic labels were scaled for their affective meaning by subjects using modulus-free magnitude estimation. The geometric mean magnitude estimates obtained for each semantic label were used to construct a series of labeled affective magnitude scales by spacing the labels along a visual analogue scale according to their obtained semantic values. Reliability and sensitivity studies were conducted to assess the effects of alternative semantic and numeric labels. The results of these studies led to the choice of a scale format that uses verbal labels that are consistent with the 9-pt hedonic scale. The labeled affective magnitude (LAM) scale was compared to the hedonic scale and magnitude estimation in several food preference and acceptability rests. The LAM was shown to have equal reliability and sensitivity to the hedonic scale, provided somewhat greater discrimination among highly liked foods, and resulted in data that were similar to magnitude estimation in terms of the obtained ratios among rated stimuli. The LAM scale was also judged by consumers to be as easy to use as the 9-pt hedonic scale and significantly less difficult than magnitude estimation. C1 USA, Supporting Sci & Technol Directorate, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Cardello, AV (reprint author), USA, Supporting Sci & Technol Directorate, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 50 TC 119 Z9 123 U1 1 U2 23 PU FOOD NUTRITION PRESS INC PI TRUMBULL PA 6527 MAIN ST, P O BOX 374, TRUMBULL, CT 06611 USA SN 0887-8250 J9 J SENS STUD JI J. Sens. Stud. PD APR PY 2001 VL 16 IS 2 BP 117 EP 159 DI 10.1111/j.1745-459X.2001.tb00293.x PG 43 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 430GN UT WOS:000168566300001 ER PT J AU Choma, TJ Chwirut, D Polly, DW AF Choma, TJ Chwirut, D Polly, DW TI Biomechanics of long segment fixation: Hook patterns and rod strain SO JOURNAL OF SPINAL DISORDERS LA English DT Article DE spine; biomechanics; mechanical stress; kyphosis; internal fixators ID COTREL-DUBOUSSET INSTRUMENTATION; SCHEUERMANNS DISEASE; SURGICAL-MANAGEMENT; PEDICLE SCREW; SPINE; SCOLIOSIS; IMPLANTS; FUSION AB This is an in vitro study of the mechanical effects of varying hook attachment patterns in long segment kyphotic deformity. In such cases, the optimal implant bulk, fatigue life, and construct rigidity to reliably achieve fusion are still unquantified. Rod strains were measured for multiple laminar hook patterns in a synthetic thoracic spine test bed. Stresses were calculated from strain data. The model displayed similar flexion bending stiffness to the thoracic spine. None of the hook patterns significantly changed overall construct stiffness. Greatest rod strains were seen when utilizing away-facing apical hooks. This model was too stiff to detect differences in construct stiffness. Nonetheless, rod stress analysis showed that for multisegment thoracic constructs, particularly with fixed kyphosis, minimizing apical hooks will minimize rod strain. If periapical hooks are necessary, orienting the hooks toward the apex will minimize rod strain. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Orthopaed Surg Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. US FDA, Div Mech & Mat Sci, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. RP Polly, DW (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Orthopaed Surg Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. OI Choma, Theodore/0000-0002-9194-8563 NR 42 TC 4 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0895-0385 J9 J SPINAL DISORD JI J. Spinal Disord. PD APR PY 2001 VL 14 IS 2 BP 125 EP 132 DI 10.1097/00002517-200104000-00006 PG 8 WC Clinical Neurology; Orthopedics SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Orthopedics GA 420KA UT WOS:000168003100006 PM 11285424 ER PT J AU Acree, CW Peyran, RJ Johnson, W AF Acree, CW Peyran, RJ Johnson, W TI Rotor design options for improving tiltrotor whirl-flutter stability margins SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HELICOPTER SOCIETY LA English DT Article AB Rotor design changes intended to improve tiltrotor whirl-flutter stability margins were analyzed. A baseline analytical model similar to the XV-15 (23% thick wing) was established, and then a 15% thick wing was designed to be representative of a high-speed tiltrotor. While the thinner wing has lower drag, it also has lower stiffness, reducing whirl-flutter stability. The rotor blade design was modified to increase the stability speed margin for the thin-wing design. Small rearward offsets of the aerodynamic-center locus with respect to the blade elastic axis created. large increases in the stability boundary. The effect was strongest for offsets at the outboard part of the blade, where an offset of the aerodynamic center by 10% of tip chord improved the stability margin by over 100 knots. Forward offsets of the blade center of gravity had similar but less pronounced effects. Equivalent results were seen for swept-tip blades. Combinations of tip sweep, control-system stiffness, and delta-three were also investigated. A limited investigation of blade loads in helicopter and airplane configuration indicated that proper choice of parametric variations can avoid excessive increases in rotor loads. C1 NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Ames, IA USA. USA, Aeroflightdynam Directorate, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Acree, CW (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Ames, IA USA. NR 17 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER HELICOPTER SOC INC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 217 N WASHINGTON ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0002-8711 J9 J AM HELICOPTER SOC JI J. Am. Helicopter Soc. PD APR PY 2001 VL 46 IS 2 BP 87 EP 95 PG 9 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 466UR UT WOS:000170665000001 ER PT J AU Fulton, MV Ormiston, RA AF Fulton, MV Ormiston, RA TI Hover testing of a small-scale rotor with on-blade elevons SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HELICOPTER SOCIETY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 53rd Annual Forum of the American-Helicopter-Society CY APR 29-MAY 01, 1997 CL VIRGINIA BEACH, VIRGINIA SP Amer Helicopter Soc AB A two-bladed, 7.5-ft diameter dynamic rotor model with 10% chord on-blade elevons driven by piezoceramic bimorph actuators was designed and tested in hover at tip speeds up to 298 ft/s. The elevon actuator succeeded in achieving deflections of +/-5 deg at the nominal rotor speed of 760 RPM. Aeroelastic and structural dynamic response characteristics were evaluated over a wide rotor speed range using frequency sweep excitation of the elevon up to 100 Hz. The CIFER (R) post processing method was very useful for determining frequency response magnitude, phase, and coherence of measured blade root flap bending and torsion moments to elevon input, as well as elevon response to actuator input voltage. Experimental results include actuator effectiveness, effects of low Reynolds number on elevon pitching moments, elevon reversal, and variation of flap bending mode responses with rotor speed and elevon excitation. The active rotor performed satisfactorily and the results provide an encouraging basis for future wind tunnel testing that will evaluate on-blade elevon effectiveness for reducing rotor blade vibratory loads. C1 USA, Aviat & Missile Command, Ames Res Ctr,AMRDEC, NASA Rotocraft Div, Moffett Field, CA USA. RP Fulton, MV (reprint author), USA, Aviat & Missile Command, Ames Res Ctr,AMRDEC, NASA Rotocraft Div, Moffett Field, CA USA. NR 30 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER HELICOPTER SOC INC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 217 N WASHINGTON ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0002-8711 J9 J AM HELICOPTER SOC JI J. Am. Helicopter Soc. PD APR PY 2001 VL 46 IS 2 BP 96 EP 106 PG 11 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 466UR UT WOS:000170665000002 ER PT J AU Cicolani, LS McCoy, AH Sahai, R Tyson, PH Tischler, MB Rosen, A Tucker, GE AF Cicolani, LS McCoy, AH Sahai, R Tyson, PH Tischler, MB Rosen, A Tucker, GE TI Flight test identification and simulation of a UH-60A helicopter and slung load SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HELICOPTER SOCIETY LA English DT Article AB Helicopter slung-load operations are common in both military and civil contexts. Helicopters and loads are often qualified for these operations by means of flight tests that can be expensive and time consuming. There is significant potential to reduce such costs both through changes in flight-test methods and by using validated simulation models. To these ends, flight tests were conducted at Moffett Field to demonstrate the identification of key dynamic parameters during flight tests (aircraft stability margins and handling-qualities parameters, and load pendulum stability), and to accumulate a data base for simulation development and validation. The test aircraft was a UH-60A Black Hawk and the primary test load was an instrumented 8- by 6- by 6-ft cargo container. Tests were focused on the lateral and longitudinal axes, which are the axes most affected by the load pendulum modes in the frequency range of interest for handling qualities; tests were conducted at airspeeds from hover to 80 knots. Using telemetered data, the key dynamic parameters were evaluated in near real time after each test airspeed, and before clearing the aircraft to the next test point. These computations were completed in under I min. A simulation model was implemented by integrating an advanced model of the UH-60A aerodynamics, dynamic equations for the two-body slung-load system with multi-cable suspension, and load static aerodynamics obtained from wind-tunnel measurements. Comparisons with flight data for the helicopter alone and with a slung load showed good overall agreement for all parameters and test points; however, unmodeled secondary dynamic losses around 10 rad/sec were found in the helicopter model and they resulted in conservative stability margin estimates. C1 USA, Ames Res Ctr, Army Rotorcraft Div,Aviat & Missile Command, NASA,Aeroflightdynam Directorate, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Aerosp Engn, Haifa, Israel. RP Cicolani, LS (reprint author), USA, Ames Res Ctr, Army Rotorcraft Div,Aviat & Missile Command, NASA,Aeroflightdynam Directorate, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. NR 44 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER HELICOPTER SOC INC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 217 N WASHINGTON ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0002-8711 J9 J AM HELICOPTER SOC JI J. Am. Helicopter Soc. PD APR PY 2001 VL 46 IS 2 BP 140 EP 160 PG 21 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 466UR UT WOS:000170665000006 ER PT J AU Kent, SM Markwood, TT Vernalis, MN Tighe, JF AF Kent, SM Markwood, TT Vernalis, MN Tighe, JF TI Cleft posterior mitral valve leaflet associated with counterclockwise papillary muscle malrotation SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY LA English DT Article AB Isolated clefting of the posterior mitral valve leaflet is an uncommon congenital malformation. We report a case of cleft posterior mitral valve leaflet with counterclockwise papillary muscle malrotation. Similar abnormalities in papillary muscle position have been described in association with atrioventricular septal defect but have not been previously reported accompanying isolated clefting of the posterior mitral valve leaflet. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Cardiol, Dept Internal Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Kent, SM (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Cardiol, Dept Internal Med, Heaton Pavill,Room 4A34, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 6 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0894-7317 J9 J AM SOC ECHOCARDIOG JI J. Am. Soc. Echocardiogr. PD APR PY 2001 VL 14 IS 4 BP 303 EP 304 DI 10.1067/mje.2001.110140 PG 2 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 422JP UT WOS:000168115000008 PM 11287894 ER PT J AU Creese, J AF Creese, J TI Wild mustangs get special care from Special Forces SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT News Item C1 USA, Special Operat Command, Publ Affairs Off, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Creese, J (reprint author), USA, Special Operat Command, Publ Affairs Off, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 USA SN 0003-1488 J9 J AM VET MED ASSOC JI J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. PD APR 1 PY 2001 VL 218 IS 7 BP 1075 EP 1075 PG 1 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 415KK UT WOS:000167720400005 ER PT J AU Ding, MS Xu, K Zhang, SS Jow, TR AF Ding, MS Xu, K Zhang, SS Jow, TR TI Liquid/solid phase diagrams of binary carbonates for lithium batteries part II SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID ELECTROLYTES; GRAPHITE AB With a differential scanning calorimeter, we mapped five liquid/solid phase diagrams of binary carbonates: propylene carbonate (PC)-dimethyl carbonate (DMC), PC-diethyl carbonate (DEC), DEC-ethylene carbonate (EC), DEC-DMC, and DEC-ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC). These phase diagrams, together with the ones we had published earlier, provided a complete representation for all the binary combinations of these five common carbonates: EC, PC, DMC, EMC, DEC. The results showed that ail the combinations formed simple eutectic systems, although details of their phase diagrams greatly varied, that DEC melted at -74.3 degreesC instead of the currently accepted value of -43 degreesC, and that DEC was less effective than either EMC or DMC in bringing down the liquidus temperatures of their binary mixtures with EC. These results followed the trend we had observed earlier that an expansion toward low temperature of the liquid region of a binary system was facilitated by the two components having close melting points and similar molecular structures. (C) 2001 The Electrochemical Society. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Ding, MS (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RI Zhang, Sheng/A-4456-2012; Xu, Kang/C-6054-2013 OI Zhang, Sheng/0000-0003-4435-4110; NR 24 TC 47 Z9 51 U1 5 U2 35 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD APR PY 2001 VL 148 IS 4 BP A299 EP A304 DI 10.1149/1.1353568 PG 6 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA 420MF UT WOS:000168008200003 ER PT J AU Wernet, MP Bright, MM AF Wernet, MP Bright, MM TI An investigation of surge in a high-speed centrifugal compressor using digital PIV SO JOURNAL OF TURBOMACHINERY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID PARTICLE IMAGE VELOCIMETRY AB Compressor stall is a catastrophic breakdown of the flow in a compressor, which can lead to a lass of engine power, large pressure transients in the inlet/nacelle, and engine flameout. The implementation of active or passive strategies for controlling rotating stall and surge cart significantly extend the stable operating range of a compressor without substantially sacrificing performance. It is crucial to identify rite dynamic changes occurring irt the flow field prior to rotating stall and surge in order to control these events successfully. Generally, pressure transducer measurements are made to capture the transient response of a compressor prior to rotating stall. In this investigation, Digital Particle Imaging Velocimetry (DPIV) is used in conjunction with dynamic pressure transducers to capture transient velocity and pressure measurements simultaneously in the nonstationary flow field daring compressor surge. DPIV is an instantaneous, planar measurement technique that is ideally suited for studying transient flow phenomena in high-speed turbomachinery and has been used previously to map the stable operating point flow field in the diffuser of a high-speed centrifugal compressor. Through the acquisition of both DPN images and transient pressure data, the time evolution of the unsteady flow during surge is revealed. C1 NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. USA, Vehicle Technol Directorate, Glenn Res Ctr, Res Lab, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. RP Wernet, MP (reprint author), NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. NR 18 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 18 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0889-504X J9 J TURBOMACH JI J. Turbomach.-Trans. ASME PD APR PY 2001 VL 123 IS 2 BP 418 EP 428 DI 10.1115/1.1343465 PG 11 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 439XG UT WOS:000169142400029 ER PT J AU Libraty, DH Pichyangkul, S Ajariyakhajorn, C Endy, TP Ennis, FA AF Libraty, DH Pichyangkul, S Ajariyakhajorn, C Endy, TP Ennis, FA TI Human dendritic cells are activated by dengue virus infection: Enhancement by gamma interferon and implications for disease pathogenesis SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID PERIPHERAL-BLOOD MONOCYTES; MHC CLASS-I; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; LANGERHANS CELLS; IL-12 PRODUCTION; MEASLES-VIRUS; UP-REGULATION; TNF-ALPHA; MATURATION; EXPRESSION AB The ability of dendritic cells (DCs) to shape the adaptive immune response to viral infection is mediated largely by their maturation and activation state as determined by the surface expression of HLA molecules, costimulatory molecules, and cytokine production. Dengue is an emerging arboviral disease where the severity of illness is influenced by the adaptive immune response to the virus. In this report, we have demonstrated that dengue virus infects and replicates in immature human myeloid DCs. Exposure to live dengue virus led to maturation and activation of both the infected and surrounding, uninfected DCs and stimulated production of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and alpha interferon (IFN-alpha). Activation of the dengue virus-infected DCs was blunted compared to the surrounding, uninfected DCs, and dengue virus infection induced low-level release of interleukin-12 p70 (IL-12 p70), a key cytokine in the development of cell-mediated immunity (CMI). Upon the addition of IFN-gamma, there was enhanced activation of dengue virus infected DCs and enhanced dengue virus-induced IL-12 p70 release. The data suggest a model whereby DCs are the early, primary target of dengue virus in natural infection and the vigor of CMI is modulated by the relative presence or absence of IFN-gamma in the microenvironment surrounding the virus-infected DCs. These findings are relevant to understanding the pathogenesis of dengue hemorrhagic fever and the design of new vaccination and therapeutic strategies. C1 Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Ctr Infect Dis & Vaccine Res, Worcester, MA USA. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Virol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Immunol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Virus Dis, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Libraty, DH (reprint author), USAMC, AFRIMS, Dept Virol, APO, AP 96546 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [P01 AI034533, P01AI34533] NR 56 TC 153 Z9 160 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD APR PY 2001 VL 75 IS 8 BP 3501 EP 3508 DI 10.1128/JVI.75.8.3501-3508.2001 PG 8 WC Virology SC Virology GA 414QN UT WOS:000167677800001 PM 11264339 ER PT J AU Burgess, EB AF Burgess, EB TI Hunting warbirds: The obsessive quest for the lost aircraft of World War II. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Burgess, EB (reprint author), USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD APR 1 PY 2001 VL 126 IS 6 BP 114 EP 114 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 415BW UT WOS:000167701500141 ER PT J AU Grabenstein, JD Guess, HA Hartzema, AG Koch, GG Konrad, TR AF Grabenstein, JD Guess, HA Hartzema, AG Koch, GG Konrad, TR TI Effect of vaccination by community pharmacists among adult prescription recipients SO MEDICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE pharmacists; pharmacies; immunization; vaccination; utilization ID PNEUMOCOCCAL VACCINATION; PROGRAM; IMMUNIZATION; INFLUENZA AB BACKGROUND. Millions of doses of influenza vaccine are administered each year in the United States at nontraditional sites and by nontraditional vaccine providers. Pharmacists are increasingly becoming vaccine providers. OBJECTIVES. To measure association between availability of pharmacist-immunizer and immunization delivery to adult prescription recipients, and the relative contributions of various types of vaccine providers. RESEARCH DESIGN. Mailed survey in spring 1999, contrasting adults in urban Washington State, where pharmacists administer vaccines, to adults in urban Oregon, where pharmacists did not. SUBJECTS. Cluster sample based on October 1998 prescription records suggesting need for influenza vaccine, derived from 24 community pharmacies belonging to one pharmacy chain. MEASURES. Vaccination status and choice of vaccine provider. RESULTS. Influenza vaccination rates among respondents 65 years or older increased 4.7% more in Washington than in Oregon between 1997 and 1998 (P = 0.20). The net increase in influenza vaccination rate among younger respondents taking indicator medications for chronic diseases for which influenza vaccination is recommended was 10.6% (P = 0.05). Among respondents unvaccinated against influenza in 1997, the 1998 influenza vaccination rate was 34.7% in Washington, compared with 23.9% in Oregon (P = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS. Vaccine delivery by pharmacists is associated with higher rates of vaccination among those younger than 65 taking indicator medications medications for chronic diseases, as well as prescription recipients unvaccinated against influenza in the previous year. C1 Ctr Pharmaceut Outcomes Res, Chapel Hill, NC USA. Univ N Carolina, Sch Pharm, Chapel Hill, NC USA. Merck Res Labs, Blue Bell, PA USA. Univ N Carolina, Sch Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA. USA, Med Command, Falls Church, VA USA. RP Grabenstein, JD (reprint author), 9640 Ironmaster Dr, Burke, VA 22015 USA. OI Konrad, Thomas R/0000-0002-5269-0440 FU AHRQ HHS [R03 HS10021-01] NR 29 TC 42 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0025-7079 J9 MED CARE JI Med. Care PD APR PY 2001 VL 39 IS 4 BP 340 EP 348 DI 10.1097/00005650-200104000-00005 PG 9 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 419RD UT WOS:000167961700005 PM 11329521 ER PT J AU Temenak, JJ Anderson, BE McDonald, GA AF Temenak, JJ Anderson, BE McDonald, GA TI Molecular cloning, sequence and characterization of cjs7, a putative protease from Rickettsia rickettsii SO MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS LA English DT Article DE Rickettsia rickettsii; protease; Rocky Mountain spotted fever; haemolysis ID SIGNAL PEPTIDE PEPTIDASE; PHOSPHOLIPASE-A ACTIVITY; INTEGRATION HOST FACTOR; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; HEMOLYSIN GENE; CELL INJURY; SPPA GENE; PROWAZEKII; IV; PURIFICATION AB The cloning and sequencing of a gene from Rickettsia rickettsii which confers haemolytic activity on Escherichia coli strain TB1 is described. The open reading frame of the haemolysis-promoting gene, cjsT, is 1041 bp and encodes a putative protein with a molecular mass of 33 825 Da. CjsT has high sequence similarity to several bacterial proteases, particularly type IV signal peptidases. Cell lysates from an E. coli clone containing cjsT in pUC19 (pJON1) exhibited greater protease activity in functional assays than found in E. coli containing pUC19 alone. Disruption of the cjsT gene by insertional inactivation with a kanamycin cassette reduced both the protease and haemolytic activities conferred by cjsT. The protease inhibitors antipain and diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP) both reduced the proteolytic activity of pJON1. The mechanism by which the R. rickettsii cjsT promotes haemolysis in E. coli remains unclear. (C) 2001 Academic Press. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Navl Med Res Ctr, Viral & Rickettsial Dis Program, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Virus Dis Program, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Univ Missouri, Sch Med, Dept Mol Microbiol & Immunol, Columbia, MO 65212 USA. Univ S Florida, Coll Med, Dept Med Microbiol & Immunol, Tampa, FL USA. RP Temenak, JJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Navl Med Res Ctr, Viral & Rickettsial Dis Program, Forest Glen Annex, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RI Anderson, Burt/H-4449-2011 FU NIAID NIH HHS [5 T32 AI07276, R29 AI30127] NR 42 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0882-4010 J9 MICROB PATHOGENESIS JI Microb. Pathog. PD APR PY 2001 VL 30 IS 4 BP 221 EP 228 DI 10.1006/mpat.2000.0428 PG 8 WC Immunology; Microbiology SC Immunology; Microbiology GA 427VY UT WOS:000168427200004 PM 11312615 ER PT J AU Teyhen, DS Flynn, T Allison, S AF Teyhen, DS Flynn, T Allison, S TI Use of WebBoards for distance learning: A physical therapy model SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB In today's world of ever-increasing knowledge and technology, mastering the use of information is critical for success. U.S. Army physical therapists have successfully used the Knowledge Management Network as a tool to foster communication, education, and training. The model outlined in this article can serve both as a model for promoting distance learning and as a success story of how to merge today's technology with the medical community to improve productivity and communication. C1 Kimbrough Ambulatory Care Ctr, Phys Therapy Serv, Ft George G Meade, MD 20755 USA. Baylor Univ, USA, Program Phys Therapy, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78217 USA. RP Teyhen, DS (reprint author), Kimbrough Ambulatory Care Ctr, Phys Therapy Serv, Ft George G Meade, MD 20755 USA. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD APR PY 2001 VL 166 IS 4 BP 311 EP 313 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653CZ UT WOS:000181418800006 PM 11315469 ER PT J AU Hepburn, MJ Longfield, JN AF Hepburn, MJ Longfield, JN TI Availability of smoking cessation resources for US army general medical officers SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CIGARETTE-SMOKING; QUIT SMOKING; MILITARY; PROGRAM AB Adequate resources are a necessity in providing effective smoking cessation interventions to active duty soldiers. The availability of smoking cessation resources was measured by a survey of Army general medical officers (GMOs). Questionnaires were successfully mailed to 232 Army GMOs, which was the entire population of this group in 1997. One hundred fifty GMOs (65%) returned the questionnaire voluntarily and anonymously. Fifty-three percent of GMOs identified the nicotine patch as a formulary item. All responders indicated that some form of nicotine replacement was available on formulary or for purchase in the area. Eighty-two percent of GMOs reported that group smoking cessation programs were available. The widespread availability of group smoking cessation programs may reflect an emphasis on this strategy by the Army's health promotion program. Additional attention needs to address the availability of nicotine replacement items and other adjunctive medications without cost to the beneficiary at military installations. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Hepburn, MJ (reprint author), MCHE MD, Dept Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD APR PY 2001 VL 166 IS 4 BP 328 EP 330 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653CZ UT WOS:000181418800010 PM 11315473 ER PT J AU Marin, R AF Marin, R TI Physical medicine and rehabilitation in the military: The Bosnian mass casualty experience SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID WARFARE AB On February 5, 1994, a 120-mm. mortar shell crashed into the main Market Square of Sarajevo, Bosnia. The explosion killed 66 and injured 206. The United States evacuated 71 of the injured to Landstuhl Regional Medical Center, where the Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Service evaluated 28 victims. This mass casualty evacuation underscores the role of Army physiatrists in humanitarian assistance and wartime casualty management. The author collected data regarding demographic factors, injury types, complications, and functional limitations. Seventeen of the 28 patients evaluated were injured during the market bombing, with the rest being injured before the bombing. Of 132 diagnoses in these 28 patients, 31 were fractures, 14 were amputations, 8 were peripheral neuropathies, 3 were spinal cord injuries, and 1 was a traumatic brain injury. Contractures and decubitus ulcers, both complications of immobility, accounted for 18 of the diagnoses. Ambulatory impairments were present in all of the patients, and 4 patients had major impairments in activities of daily living. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Mil Casualty Res Div, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Marin, R (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Mil Casualty Res Div, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 20 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD APR PY 2001 VL 166 IS 4 BP 335 EP 337 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653CZ UT WOS:000181418800012 PM 11315475 ER PT J AU Eikenberg, S Dolley, G AF Eikenberg, S Dolley, G TI Detection of interproximal caries using methods applicable to a field environment: Digital radiography, manually processed film, and self-developing film SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID SENS-A-RAY; PERFORMANCE; ENAMEL; SYSTEM AB The purpose of this study was to determine if the alternatives to conventional dental radiography are diagnostically equivalent to conventional film in a field setting. These alternatives, digital radiography and self-developing film, could significantly decrease the weight and cubic size of a field X-ray set. Five radiographic methods were evaluated: self-developing film, manually processed film, film developed in an automatic processor, digital images on a liquid crystal diode, and digital images on a cathode ray tube screen. The results indicate that the liquid crystal diode system adversely affected the ability of the dentist to detect small interproximal lesions. The other methods were statistically equivalent. A recommendation for an "image acquisition" system to be included in a field dental treatment facility should be based on clinical factors as well as nonclinical factors such as cost, reliability, and logistical support requirements. C1 USA, Inst Dent Res, Great Lakes, IL 60088 USA. RP Eikenberg, S (reprint author), USA, Inst Dent Res, 310B B St,Bldg 1-H, Great Lakes, IL 60088 USA. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD APR PY 2001 VL 166 IS 4 BP 338 EP 341 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653CZ UT WOS:000181418800013 PM 11315476 ER PT J AU Adams, SR Tucker, JL AF Adams, SR Tucker, JL TI Patient service attitudes among newly commissioned providers and administrators SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID QUALITY CARE; SATISFACTION; INFORMATION; NEED C1 USA, Med Dept Ctr & Sch, Dept Prevent Hlth Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Baylor Univ, USA, Grad Program, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. RP Adams, SR (reprint author), USA, Med Dept Ctr & Sch, Dept Prevent Hlth Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD APR PY 2001 VL 166 IS 4 BP 342 EP 346 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653CZ UT WOS:000181418800014 PM 11315477 ER PT J AU Syms, MJ Foster, SL AF Syms, MJ Foster, SL TI Bezold's abscess SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Syms, MJ (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD APR PY 2001 VL 166 IS 4 BP 354 EP 355 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653CZ UT WOS:000181418800017 PM 11315480 ER PT J AU Knapik, JJ Canham-Chervak, M Hoedebecke, E Hewitson, WC Hauret, K Held, C Sharp, MA AF Knapik, JJ Canham-Chervak, M Hoedebecke, E Hewitson, WC Hauret, K Held, C Sharp, MA TI The fitness training unit in US army basic combat training: Physical fitness, training outcomes, and injuries SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID RISK-FACTORS; YOUNG MEN; EXERCISE; EPIDEMIOLOGY AB This study involved a retrospective examination of physical fitness, training outcomes, and injury rates among personnel in the Fitness Training Unit (FTU). Personnel were assigned to the FTU based on low performance on push-ups, sit-ups, and/or a 1-mile run (N = 44 men, 95 women) and received an augmented physical fitness program before basic combat training (BCT). They were compared with 712 men and 379 women who took the same test but were not assigned to the FTU and went directly to BCT. FTU and non-FTU personnel trained in the same battalions. Army Physical Fitness Test scores and BCT outcomes (discharged or completed BCT in 8 weeks) were obtained from unit training records. Injuries during BCT were documented from a review of the medical records. On entry to BCT, FTU women had similar 2-mile run times compared with non-FTU women (21.6 vs. 21.5 minutes, respectively; p = 0.86); FTIU men were considerably slower on the 2-mile run than non-FTU men (20.3 vs. 17.3 minutes; p < 0.01). FTU women and non-FTU women had similar graduation success (60% vs. 68%, respectively; p = 0.14) and time-loss injury rates (1.3 vs. 1.4 people injured/100 person-days, respectively; p = 0.90). FTU men were less likely to graduate than non-FTU men (55% vs. 82%; p < 0.01) and more likely to suffer a time-loss injury (1.2 vs. 0.7 people injured/100 person-days; p < 0.01). Efforts should be directed toward providing a sufficient training stimulus to improve the aerobic fitness level of men (as well as women) in the FTU. C1 USA, Directorate Epidemiol & Dis Surveillance, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Gen Leonard Wood Army Community Hosp, Div Prevent Med, Ft Leonard Wood, MO USA. USA, Training Ctr, Ft Jackson, SC USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Knapik, JJ (reprint author), USA, Directorate Epidemiol & Dis Surveillance, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 19 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD APR PY 2001 VL 166 IS 4 BP 356 EP 361 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653CZ UT WOS:000181418800018 PM 11315481 ER PT J AU Tubb, CC Vermillion, D AF Tubb, CC Vermillion, D TI Chronic exertional compartment syndrome after minor injury to the lower extremity SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID TISSUE PRESSURE MEASUREMENT; LOWER LEG; DIAGNOSIS; MANAGEMENT; FASCIOTOMY; EXERCISE AB Since the 1950s, chronic exertional compartment syndrome of the lower leg has been thoroughly reported in the literature. The predisposing factors and pathophysiology of this condition, however, still are not fully understood. We present a case of a well-conditioned individual who developed a chronic exertional compartment syndrome of the left lower leg anterior compartment after a direct blow injury during a softball game. Trauma is not routinely implicated as a risk factor for chronic compartment syndrome, and the literature on this topic is scarce. We suggest that trauma, even low-velocity trauma, may precipitate a chronic exertional compartment syndrome. We review the literature regarding chronic exertional compartment syndromes preceded by trauma and offer explanations regarding the mechanisms by which a traumatic event may induce a chronic compartment syndrome. C1 USA, Hlth Clin Friedberg, Unit 21108, APO, AE 09074 USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthoped Surg, Ft Lewis, WA 98431 USA. RP Tubb, CC (reprint author), USA, Hlth Clin Friedberg, Unit 21108, APO, AE 09074 USA. NR 23 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 2 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD APR PY 2001 VL 166 IS 4 BP 366 EP 368 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653CZ UT WOS:000181418800020 PM 11315483 ER PT J AU Ringel, MD Anderson, J Souza, SL Burch, HB Tambascia, M Shriver, CD Tuttle, RM AF Ringel, MD Anderson, J Souza, SL Burch, HB Tambascia, M Shriver, CD Tuttle, RM TI Expression of the sodium iodide symporter and thyroglobulin genes are reduced in papillary thyroid cancer SO MODERN PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 72nd Annual Meeting of the American-Thyroid-Association CY SEP 29-OCT 01, 1999 CL PALM BEACH, FLORIDA SP Amer Thyroid Assoc DE quantitative RT-PCR; sodium iodide symporter; thyroid cancer; thyroid nodules ID TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR-BETA(1); MESSENGER-RIBONUCLEIC-ACID; NA+/I SYMPORTER; SODIUM/IODIDE SYMPORTER; PROTEIN-LEVELS; FRTL-5 CELLS; THYROTROPIN; RNA; CARCINOMAS; TISSUES AB Altered expression of the gene encoding the sodium iodine symporter (NIS) map be an important factor that leads to the reduced iodine accumulation characteristic of most benign and malignant thyroid nodules, Both up- and down-regulation of NIS gene expression have been reported in thyroid cancer using several different methods. The goal of the present study was to accurately identify alterations in NIS gene expression in benign and malignant thyroid nodules using an accurate real-time quantitative RT-PCR assay system. Total RNA was prepared from 18 benign thyroid nodules, 20 papillary thyroid cancers, and 23 normal thyroid samples from 38 subjects. Quantitative RT-PCR was used to measure NIS and thyroglobulin (TG) mRNA aggression in normal thyroid tissue and in each nodular tissue sample, Papillary thyroid cancer samples had significantly lower NIS mRNA expression (72 +/- 41 picogram equivalents [pg Eq]), than did benign nodules (829 +/- 385 pg Eq), or normal tissues (1907 +/- 868 pg Eq, P = 0.04). Most important, in the paired samples, MIS gene expression was decreased in each papillary thyroid cancer compared with normal tissue (69% median decrease; range, 40-96%; P =.013). Eleven of the 12 benign nodules also demonstrated lower MIS gene expression than the normal tissue (49% decrease; range, 2-96%; P =.04). Analysis of the paired samples demonstrated that Tg mRNA expression was significantly lower in each of the thyroid cancer samples than in corresponding normal tissue (759 +/- 245 pg Eq vs. 1854 +/- 542 pg Eq, P =.03). We have demonstrated a significant decrement in NIS gene expression in all papillary thyroid cancers and in over 90% of benign nodules examined compared with adjacent normal thyroid tissue, using a highly accurate quantitative RT-PCR technique. Similarly, thyroid cancers demonstrated significantly lower TG mRNA expression than corresponding normal thyroid. Reduced MIS expression may be an important factor in the impairment of iodine-concentrating ability of neoplastic thyroid tissues. C1 Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Serv Endocrinol, New York, NY 10021 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Washington Hosp Ctr, Medstar Res Inst, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20010 USA. Univ Campinas, Dept Med, Sao Paulo, Brazil. RP Tuttle, RM (reprint author), Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Serv Endocrinol, Box 419 H-715,1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10021 USA. RI Ain, Kenneth/A-5179-2012 OI Ain, Kenneth/0000-0002-2668-934X NR 30 TC 64 Z9 72 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0893-3952 J9 MODERN PATHOL JI Mod. Pathol. PD APR PY 2001 VL 14 IS 4 BP 289 EP 296 DI 10.1038/modpathol.3880305 PG 8 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA 423JM UT WOS:000168173200005 PM 11301345 ER PT J AU Sim, BKL Narum, DL Liang, H Fuhrmann, SR Obaldia, N Gramzinski, R Aguiar, J Haynes, JD Moch, JK Hoffman, SL AF Sim, BKL Narum, DL Liang, H Fuhrmann, SR Obaldia, N Gramzinski, R Aguiar, J Haynes, JD Moch, JK Hoffman, SL TI Induction of biologically active antibodies in mice, rabbits, and monkeys by Plasmodium falciparum EBA-175 region II DNA vaccine SO MOLECULAR MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID ERYTHROCYTE BINDING ANTIGEN; MEROZOITE INVASION; GLYCOPHORIN-A; OWL MONKEY; RECEPTOR; DOMAIN; EXPRESSION; PATHWAYS; SURFACE; PROTEIN AB Background: Plasmodium falciparum merozoites bind to and invade human erythrocytes via specific erythrocyte receptors. This establishes the erythrocytic stage of the parasite life cycle that causes clinical disease resulting in 2-3 million deaths per year. We tested the hypothesis that a Plasmodium falciparum ligand, EBA-175 region II (RII), which binds its erythrocyte receptor glycophorin A during invasion, can be used as an immunogen to induce antibodies that block the binding of RII to erythrocytes and thereby inhibit parasite invasion of erythrocytes. Accordingly, we immunized mice, rabbits, and monkeys with DNA plasmids that encoded the 616 amino acid RII. Materials and Methods: DNA vaccine plasmids that targeted the secretion of recombinant RII protein with and without the universal T-cell helper epitopes P2P30 were used to immunize mice, rabbits, and Aotus monkeys. RII specific antibodies were assessed by IFA, ELISA, blocking of native [S-35] labeled EBA-175 binding to human erythrocytes, and growth inhibition assays, all in vitro. Results: The RII DNA plasmids were highly immunogenic as measured by ELISA and IFA. The anti-RII antibodies blocked the binding of native EBA-175 to erythrocytes, and resetting of erythrocytes on COS-7 cells expressing RII. Most important, murine and rabbit anti-RII antibodies inhibited the invasion of merozoites into erythrocytes. We immunized nonhuman primates and showed that the RII-DNA plasmids were immunogenic and well tolerated in these monkeys. Monkeys were challenged with parasitized erythrocytes; one of three monkeys that received RII DNA plasmid was protected from fulminant disease. After challenge with live parasites, anti-RII antibody titers were boosted in the immunized monkeys. Conclusions: By proving the hypothesis that anti-RII antibodies can block merozoite invasion of erythrocytes, these studies pave the way for the clinical evaluation of EBA-175 as a receptor-blockade vaccine. C1 EntreMed Inc, Dept Biol Mol, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Promed Gorgas Mem Lab, Panama City, Panama. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, Washington, DC USA. USN, Med Res Ctr, Malaria Program, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Sim, BKL (reprint author), EntreMed Inc, Dept Biol Mol, 9640 Med Ctr Dr, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. RI Obaldia, Nicanor/O-8460-2015; OI Obaldia, Nicanor/0000-0002-3711-9449 FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI36758] NR 22 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 2 PU JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV PRESS PI BALTIMORE PA JOURNALS PUBLISHING DIVISION, 2715 NORTH CHARLES ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21218-4319 USA SN 1076-1551 J9 MOL MED JI Mol. Med. PD APR PY 2001 VL 7 IS 4 BP 247 EP 254 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 432UM UT WOS:000168714100004 PM 11471569 ER PT J AU Lieberman, HR AF Lieberman, HR TI The effects of ginseng, ephedrine, and caffeine on cognitive performance, mood and energy SO NUTRITION REVIEWS LA English DT Review ID SLEEP-DEPRIVATION; EXERCISE PERFORMANCE; D-AMPHETAMINE; VIGILANCE; TIME; COMBINATION; PSYCHOMOTOR; EXHAUSTION; ATTENTION; INGESTION AB A variety of claims regarding the purported energy-enhancing properties of nutritional supplements and food constituents have recently been made. It appears that the supplements most frequently associated with such assertions are ginseng, ephedrine, and caffeine. Claims of increased energy are difficult to evaluate objectively because their meaning is not usually defined or specified. Often it is not clear whether the claims refer to physical or mental energy or both. Furthermore, an agreed upon scientific definition of either physical or mental energy enhancement does not exist. In spite of obvious differences in what the term physical energy, as opposed to mental energy implies, there is no clear scientific consensus on whether there is a difference between the two types of energy. Because the substances in question have been anecdotally associated with improvements in both physical and mental performance, their effects on both functions will be discussed, but with an emphasis placed on cognitive function and mood. Of the three substances discussed, caffeine's effects on cognitive and physical function, mood, and energy are best understood. If is clear that this food/drug enhances these functions when administered in moderate doses. Ephedrine may also enhance certain physical and mental functions related to "energy," but the evidence that ginseng has such properties is exceedingly weak. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Nutr Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Lieberman, HR (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Nutr Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 66 TC 67 Z9 69 U1 2 U2 22 PU INT LIFE SCIENCES INST PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST SUBSCRIPTION OFFICE, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0029-6643 J9 NUTR REV JI Nutr. Rev. PD APR PY 2001 VL 59 IS 4 BP 91 EP 102 PG 12 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 431ZB UT WOS:000168660700001 PM 11368507 ER PT J AU Yancey, MK Zhang, J Schweitzer, DL Schwarz, J Klebanoff, MA AF Yancey, MK Zhang, J Schweitzer, DL Schwarz, J Klebanoff, MA TI Epidural analgesia and fetal head malposition at vaginal delivery SO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CESAREAN DELIVERY; 2ND STAGE; NULLIPAROUS WOMEN; RANDOMIZED TRIAL; LABOR; ASSOCIATION; INFUSION; PROGRESS; RATES AB Objective: To determine if nulliparas who delivered with on-demand epidural analgesia are more likely to have malpositioning of the fetal vertex at delivery than women delivered during a period of restricted epidural use. Methods: A retrospective cohort of nulliparous women with spontaneous labor delivered during a 12-month period immediately before the availability of on-demand labor epidural analgesia was compared with a similar group of nulliparas delivered after labor epidural analgesia was available on request. The primary outcome variable was a non-occiput anterior position or malpositioned fetal head at vaginal delivery. Results: The frequency of epidural use increased from 0.9% before epidural analgesia became available on demand to 82.9% afterward. Fetal head malpositioning at vaginal delivery occurred in 26 of 434 (6.0%) women delivered in the before period compared with 29 of 511 (5.7%) in the after period (relative risk 0.95, 95% confidence interval 0.6, 1.6). No statistically significant difference in the incidence of fetal head malpositioning was present after patients were stratified by mode of delivery (Mantel-Haenszel weighted relative risk 0.94, 95% confidence interval 0.6, 1.4). The study sample size provided 85% power to detect a two-fold increase in the incidence of fetal malpositioning from a baseline rate of 6% associated with on-demand epidural use. Conclusion: Providing on-request labor epidural analgesia to nulliparas in spontaneous labor did not result in a clinically significant increase in the frequency of fetal head malpositioning at vaginal delivery. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NICHHD, Div Epidemiol Stat & Prevent Res, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Yancey, MK (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, MCHK OB, 1 Jarrett White Rd, TAMC, HI 96859 USA. FU NICHD NIH HHS [Y1-HD-8290] NR 22 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0029-7844 J9 OBSTET GYNECOL JI Obstet. Gynecol. PD APR PY 2001 VL 97 IS 4 BP 608 EP 612 DI 10.1016/S0029-7844(00)01230-8 PG 5 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 416ZP UT WOS:000167810800023 PM 11275036 ER PT J AU Chan, LA Nasrabadi, NM Torrieri, D AF Chan, LA Nasrabadi, NM Torrieri, D TI Eigenspace transformation for automatic clutter rejection SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE automatic target recognition; clutter rejection; FLIR imagery; eigenspace transformation; multilayer perceptron ID TARGET RECOGNITION; NEURAL-NETWORK; FACES; STATE; ART AB The goal of our research is to develop an effective and efficient clutter rejector with the use of an eigenspace transformation and a multilayer perceptron (MLP) that can be incorporated into an automatic target recognition system. An eigenspace transformation is used for feature extraction and dimensionality reduction. The transformations considered in this research are principal-component analysis (PCA) and the eigenspace separation transformation (EST). We fed the result of the eigenspace transformation to an MLP that predicts the identity of the input, which is either a target or clutter. Our proposed clutter rejector was tested on two huge and realistic datasets of second-generation forward-looking infrared imagery for the Comanche helicopter. In general, both the PCA and EST methods performed satisfactorily with minor differences. The EST method performed slightly better when a smaller amount of transformed data was fed to the MLP, or when the positive and negative EST eigentargets were used together. (C) 2001 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Chan, LA (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 22 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOCIETY OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD APR PY 2001 VL 40 IS 4 BP 564 EP 573 DI 10.1117/1.1355258 PG 10 WC Optics SC Optics GA 423BQ UT WOS:000168155900012 ER PT J AU Ruffin, PB Baeder, J Sung, CC AF Ruffin, PB Baeder, J Sung, CC TI Study of ultraminiature sensing coils and the performance of a depolarized interferometric fiber optic gyroscope SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE gyroscope; fiber optics; interferometry ID TEMPORAL THERMAL-GRADIENTS AB A study of the performance of a depolarized fiber optic gyroscope utilizing miniature single-mode fiber sensing coils is conducted. The study includes the analysis of incorporating long and short Lyot depolarizers coupled with sensing coils with diameters of 0.6 and 2.4 in. The roles of the length of the depolarizers and size of the sensing coils are quantitatively correlated, based on the known material parameters in the theoretical model and the experimental data. Minimum depolarizer requirements necessary to minimize the standard mean deviation of the random drift in miniature interferometric fiber optic gyroscopes are presented. (C) 2001 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 USA, Aviat & Missile Command, AMSAM RD MG NC, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. Alpha Res Inc, Huntsville, AL 35801 USA. RP Ruffin, PB (reprint author), USA, Aviat & Missile Command, AMSAM RD MG NC, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. NR 18 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOCIETY OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD APR PY 2001 VL 40 IS 4 BP 605 EP 611 DI 10.1117/1.1354630 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA 423BQ UT WOS:000168155900017 ER PT J AU Robbins, RG Sorkin, LN Vuilleumier, F AF Robbins, RG Sorkin, LN Vuilleumier, F TI First report of Ixodes auritulus Neumann (Acari : Ixodida : Ixodidae) from the blackish cinclodes, Cinclodes antarcticus (Garnot) (Aves : Passeriformes : Furnariidae), with additional records of parasitism of Cinclodes spp. by this tick species SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE Ixodes; Acari; tick; Cinclodes; Aves; Diego Ramirez; Chile ID SOUTHERN BRAZIL; PARANA; BIRDS AB An engorged adult female of the tick Ixodes auritulus (Acari: Ixodida: Ixodidae) is reported from a nestling of Cinclodes antarcticus (Aves: Passeriformes: Furnariidae) on Isla Gonzalo, Diego Ramirez Archipelago, off Chile's southernmost coast. Additional collections of I. auritulus are described from C. fuscus in Peril and southern Chile (Navarino Island), and from C. patagonicus in southern Argentina (Tierra del Fuego). These are the first published records of any tick species from members of the genus Cinclodes, which comprises about 13 species of ground- or hole-nesting ovenbirds in the Andes and Patagonia. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Armed Forces Pest Management Board, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Robbins, RG (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Armed Forces Pest Management Board, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM robbinrg@acq.osd.mil; sorkin@amnh.org; vuill@amnh.org NR 25 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD APR PY 2001 VL 103 IS 2 BP 265 EP 268 PG 4 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 417LP UT WOS:000167836700001 ER PT J AU Smith, DD Marohn, JA Harrell, LE AF Smith, DD Marohn, JA Harrell, LE TI Detailed description of a compact cryogenic magnetic resonance force microscope SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID SCANNING TUNNELING MICROSCOPE; SINGLE-MOLECULE; CANTILEVERS; ELECTRON; GRADIENT AB We describe the design and operation of a cryogenic magnetic resonance force microscope for detecting nuclear magnetic resonance. Instrument-critical details are enumerated, including fabrication of a positionable radio-frequency coil, detection of angstrom-level microcantilever oscillations using an optical fiber interferometer, design of a compact fiber/cantilever alignment system, temperature compensation of the fiber/cantilever gap, control of sample temperature, and vibration isolation. Additionally, experimental protocols and sample specific considerations such as spin relaxation times are addressed. F-19 nuclear magnetic resonance data obtained from a Nd-doped CaF2 sample are presented. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, SE EM, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Univ Maryland, Ctr Superconduct Res, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Phys, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Smith, DD (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, SE EM, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 45 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD APR PY 2001 VL 72 IS 4 BP 2080 EP 2089 DI 10.1063/1.1357230 PG 10 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 415FE UT WOS:000167709500023 ER PT J AU Efroymson, RA Suter, GW Rose, WH Nemeth, S AF Efroymson, RA Suter, GW Rose, WH Nemeth, S TI Ecological risk assessment framework for low-altitude aircraft overflights: I. Planning the analysis and estimating exposure SO RISK ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE ecological risk assessment; risk assessment; military; aircraft ID LEVEL JET AIRCRAFT; HABITAT SUITABILITY; RESPONSES; NOISE; BEHAVIOR; CARIBOU AB An ecological risk assessment framework for low-altitude aircraft overflights was developed, with special emphasis on military applications. The problem formulation and exposure analysis phases are presented in this article; an analysis of effects and risk characterization is presented in a companion article. The intent of this article is threefold: (1) to illustrate the development of a generic framework for the ecological risk assessment of an activity, (2) to show how the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's ecological risk assessment paradigm can be applied to an activity other than the release of a chemical, and (3) to provide guidance for the assessment of ecological risks from low-altitude aircraft overflights. The key stressor for low-altitude aircraft overflights is usually sound, although visual and physical (collision) stressors may also be Significant. Susceptible and regulated wildlife populations are the major assessment endpoint entities, although plant communities may be impacted by takeoffs and landings. The exposure analysis utilizes measurements of wildlife locations, measurements of sound levels at the wildlife locations, measurements of slant distances from aircraft to wildlife, medals that extrapolate sound from the source aircraft to the ground, and bird-strike probability models. Some of the challenges to conducting a risk assessment for aircraft overflights include prioritizing potential stressors and endpoints, choosing exposure metrics that relate to wildlife responses, obtaining good estimates of sound or distance, and estimating wildlife locations. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. USA, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL USA. RP Efroymson, RA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, MS 6036,POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. OI Efroymson, Rebecca/0000-0002-3190-880X NR 38 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 10 PU BLACKWELL PUBL LTD PI OXFORD PA 108 COWLEY RD, OXFORD OX4 1JF, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0272-4332 J9 RISK ANAL JI Risk Anal. PD APR PY 2001 VL 21 IS 2 BP 251 EP 262 DI 10.1111/0272-4332.212109 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA 442RX UT WOS:000169299700005 PM 11414535 ER PT J AU Kipp, JW AF Kipp, JW TI The military reform of Nicholas I: The origins of the modern Russian army SO RUSSIAN REVIEW LA English DT Book Review C1 Foreign Mil Studies Off, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Kipp, JW (reprint author), Foreign Mil Studies Off, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHERS PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN STREET, STE 6, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0036-0341 J9 RUSS REV JI Russ. Rev. PD APR PY 2001 VL 60 IS 2 BP 285 EP 287 PG 3 WC History SC History GA 414LM UT WOS:000167668200016 ER PT J AU Niles, AR Ganjon, FK AF Niles, AR Ganjon, FK TI River electronic navigational charts - Electronic chart data for the US inland rivers in real-time and on the internet SO SEA TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 USA Corps Engineers, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Topog Engn Ctr, Geospatial Applicat Branch, Alexandria, VA USA. CARIS USA, Ellicott City, MD USA. RP Niles, AR (reprint author), USA Corps Engineers, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Topog Engn Ctr, Geospatial Applicat Branch, Alexandria, VA USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU COMPASS PUBL INC PI ARLINGTON PA SUITE 1000 1117 N 19 ST, ARLINGTON, VA 22209 USA SN 0093-3651 J9 SEA TECHNOL JI Sea Technol. PD APR PY 2001 VL 42 IS 4 BP 60 EP 65 PG 6 WC Engineering, Ocean SC Engineering GA 425WH UT WOS:000168314300009 ER PT J AU Bhattacharya, J Pereda, E Kariyappa, R Kanjilal, PP AF Bhattacharya, J Pereda, E Kariyappa, R Kanjilal, PP TI Application of non-linear analysis to intensity oscillations of the chromospheric bright points SO SOLAR PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID TIME-SERIES ANALYSIS; POWER-LAW SPECTRA; SURROGATE DATA; PHASE SYNCHRONIZATION; SPATIOTEMPORAL CHAOS; APPROXIMATE ENTROPY; SOLAR CHROMOSPHERE; STRANGE ATTRACTORS; ROBUST METHOD; SYSTEMS AB We have applied several nonlinear techniques to the intensity oscillations of the chromospheric bright points observed at the Vacuum Tower Telescope (VTT) of the Sacramento Peak Observatory. A 35-min time sequence obtained in the Ca II H line over a quiet region at the center of the solar disk under high spatial, spectral, and temporal resolution has been used. A relatively new approach is used to detect the hidden periodicity and to extract the associated periodic component(s) from an apparently irregular time series. The unique feature of this approach is that the constituent component(s) can be non-sinusoidal in nature. The periodicity analysis shows that time series of intensity oscillations of most of the bright points can be composed of two non-sinusoidal periodic components with periodicity varying between 2.4 min and 5.8 min. With the help of a multivariate embedding technique, globally significant spatial nonlinear correlation is found. The identification of the nonlinear interaction between bright points is performed by using the methods of dynamical phase synchronization and the similarity index. The analysis indicates that bright points are interconnected in the sense that some bright points are more active and can influence the other relatively passive bright points. C1 Austrian Acad Sci, Commiss Sci Visualizat, A-1010 Vienna, Austria. Univ La Laguna, Dept Physiol, Biophys Lab, Tenerife, Spain. Indian Inst Astrophys, Bangalore 560034, Karnataka, India. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Bhattacharya, J (reprint author), Austrian Acad Sci, Commiss Sci Visualizat, A-1010 Vienna, Austria. RI Pereda, Ernesto/K-5185-2014 OI Pereda, Ernesto/0000-0001-5965-164X NR 71 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0038-0938 J9 SOL PHYS JI Sol. Phys. PD APR PY 2001 VL 199 IS 2 BP 267 EP 290 DI 10.1023/A:1010370119746 PG 24 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 434PG UT WOS:000168824600004 ER PT J AU Watson, S AF Watson, S TI The last buffalo: Walter E. Potts and the 92nd 'Buffalo' Division in World War I SO SOUTHWESTERN HISTORICAL QUARTERLY LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Watson, S (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TEXAS STATE HIST ASSN PI AUSTIN PA 2/306 RICHARDSON HALL UNIV STATION, AUSTIN, TX 78712 USA SN 0038-478X J9 SOUTHWEST HIST QUART JI Southw. Hist. Q. PD APR PY 2001 VL 104 IS 4 BP 631 EP 632 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 431JU UT WOS:000168628700029 ER PT J AU Moul, JW AF Moul, JW TI Prostate-specific antigen-enhanced testing and risk stratification for chemoprevention trials SO UROLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT National-Cancer-Institute Workshop CY 1999 CL ROCKVILLE, MARYLAND SP NCI ID REFERENCE RANGES; BLACK-MEN; CANCER AB Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing could be used to identify men who are at higher future risk of developing clinical prostate cancer or to diagnose prostate cancer earlier in high-risk groups, such as black men or those with a family history of the disease. These cohorts then could be offered chemopreventive clinical trial participation opportunities. The Physicians' Health Study and other longitudinal studies have shown that even between a PSA level of 1.0 and 4.0 ng/mL, the risk of future prostate cancer is incrementally increased, Department of Defense Studies of young men between 15 and 45 show that normal men have very low PSA values, Using a threshold PSA even as low as 1.5 ng/mL for men in their fifth decade is well beyond the 95th percentile of "normal" PSA. Young black men between 40 and 49 years old have a higher risk of prostate cancer than white men and should be pursued for chemoprevention studies, PSA is not perfect. Benign prostatic hyperplasia and inflammation (and, perhaps, other factors) can confound the use of PSA thresholds to identify men for chemoprevention or early detection. Certain chemopreventive agents may affect PSA physiology without affecting the disease process itself creating a meaningless epiphenomenon, Young black men may not generally be receptive to PSA testing or chemopreventive trials. C1 Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Urol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Moul, JW (reprint author), Ctr Prostate Dis Res, 1530 E Jefferson St, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0090-4295 J9 UROLOGY JI UROLOGY PD APR PY 2001 VL 57 IS 4A SU S BP 174 EP 177 DI 10.1016/S0090-4295(00)00967-5 PG 4 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 423HT UT WOS:000168170400033 PM 11295620 ER PT J AU Nguyen, AT Kavolius, JP Russo, P Grimaldi, G Katz, J Brady, MS AF Nguyen, AT Kavolius, JP Russo, P Grimaldi, G Katz, J Brady, MS TI Primary genitourinary melanoma SO UROLOGY LA English DT Article ID MALIGNANT-MELANOMA; MALE URETHRA; PENIS; SCROTUM; VULVA AB Objectives. To describe the presentation, management, and clinical outcome of patients with genitourinary melanoma. Methods. We identified 14 patients with genitourinary melanoma treated at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York and Tripler Army Medical Center, Honolulu, Hawaii. The presentation, surgical treatment, disease progression, and outcome of these patients were reviewed. Survival was analyzed, using the Kaplan-Meier product limit method. Results. The presentation and management of patients with genitourinary melanoma were varied. Overall, the prognosis was poor, with a median survival of 43 months, and only 3 patients were alive, without disease, at last follow-up. Our findings confirm a poor prognosis in patients with this rare disease. Conclusions. Genitourinary melanoma is a rare form of the disease with an unfavorable clinical outcome. Less than one third of patients survive long term, although patients with scrotal melanomas may have a better prognosis. UROLOGY 57: 633-638, 2001. (C) 2001, Elsevier Science Inc. C1 Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Dept Surg, Gastr & Mixed Tumor Serv, New York, NY 10021 USA. Cornell Univ, Weill Med Coll, New York, NY USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Dept Urol, New York, NY 10021 USA. RP Brady, MS (reprint author), Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Dept Surg, Gastr & Mixed Tumor Serv, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10021 USA. NR 25 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0090-4295 J9 UROLOGY JI UROLOGY PD APR PY 2001 VL 57 IS 4 BP 633 EP 638 DI 10.1016/S0090-4295(00)01107-9 PG 6 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 421TM UT WOS:000168079700013 PM 11306366 ER PT J AU Endrizzi, J Optenberg, S Byers, R Thompson, IM AF Endrizzi, J Optenberg, S Byers, R Thompson, IM TI Disappearance of well-differentiated carcinoma of the prostate: Effect of transurethral resection of the prostate, prostate-specific antigen, and prostate biopsy SO UROLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 113th Meeting of the American-Association-of-Genitourinary-Surgeons CY APR 15, 1999 CL NAPLES, FLORIDA SP Amer Genitourinary Surgeons ID CANCER MORTALITY; UNITED-STATES; TRENDS; RISK; MEN AB Objectives. To characterize the effect of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) on the rate of diagnosis of well-differentiated (WD) prostate cancer (PCa) and PCa mortality. Methods. All cases of PCa and rates of TURP at both Wilford Hall and Brooke Army Medical Centers between 1984 and 1995 were reviewed. Tumor grade was compared between prostate needle biopsy and TURP. The pattern of diagnosis was analyzed annually and for two time periods: pre-PSA (1984 to 1988) and post-PSA (1989 to 1995). Results. The number of WD tumors fell by 50% over the period of study and was caused by a fall in number of TURPs as well as in WD tumors detected by TURP. PSA for early detection of PCa began in 1988, and within 5 years a more than 50% fall in the rate of metastatic disease was witnessed. These two events (PSA screening and fall in TURPs) led to an increase from 57% to 92% of tumors that were both clinically significant and potentially curable. Conclusions. These data help explain the fall in the rate of diagnosis of WD PCa. The resultant increase in the diagnosis of moderately and poorly differentiated PCa, coupled with the dramatic fall in the rate of diagnosis of metastatic PCa, may explain the reports of a fall in PCa mortality. If this observation is replicated in other populations, it may provide further impetus for a stronger recommendation for early detection with PSA and digital rectal examination. UROLOGY 57: 733-736, 2001. (C) 2001, Elsevier Science Inc. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Urol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Div Urol, San Antonio, TX USA. Ctr Healthcare Educ & Studies, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Thompson, IM (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Urol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 9 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0090-4295 J9 UROLOGY JI UROLOGY PD APR PY 2001 VL 57 IS 4 BP 733 EP 736 DI 10.1016/S0090-4295(00)01108-0 PG 4 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 421TM UT WOS:000168079700039 PM 11306392 ER PT J AU Gallentine, ML Morey, AF Thompson, IM AF Gallentine, ML Morey, AF Thompson, IM TI Hypospadias: A contemporary epidemiologic assessment SO UROLOGY LA English DT Article ID CONGENITAL-MALFORMATIONS; EXTERNAL GENITALIA; TRENDS; SURVEILLANCE AB Objectives. To determine whether the incidence of hypospadias is increasing and whether racial differences among patients are significant, we evaluated the current incidence of hypospadias and patient race in an equal-access healthcare system. Methods. We undertook a retrospective review of discharge records between 1990 and 1998 from 15 military treatment facilities to determine the total number of male live births and the number of male live births with hypospadias reported by race (categorized as white, black, Asian, Native American, and unknown). Results. Among 99,210 male live births, 709 cases of hypospadias were identified (0.7%). Of the total male live births, 68,444 were white, 18,984 were black, 1761 were Asian, 175 were Native American, and 9846 were unknown, with an incidence of hypospadias of 0.8%, 0.6%, 0.5%, 0.6%, and 0.6%, respectively. Racial differences were not statistically significant (P = 0.2). Conclusions. The 0.7% incidence of hypospadias detected is near the upper limit of what has been historically reported. No significant difference between races was found, but the incidence of hypospadias in minorities is higher than previously reported. UROLOGY 57: 788-790, 2001. (C) 2001, Elsevier Science Inc. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Urol Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Urol, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Morey, AF (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Urol Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 19 TC 37 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0090-4295 J9 UROLOGY JI UROLOGY PD APR PY 2001 VL 57 IS 4 BP 788 EP 790 DI 10.1016/S0090-4295(00)01105-5 PG 3 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 421TM UT WOS:000168079700055 PM 11306407 ER PT J AU Hooper, RW de Almeida, VF Macosko, CW Derby, JJ AF Hooper, RW de Almeida, VF Macosko, CW Derby, JJ TI Transient polymeric drop extension and retraction in uniaxial extensional flows SO JOURNAL OF NON-NEWTONIAN FLUID MECHANICS LA English DT Article DE elasticity; viscoelastic fluid; boundary element method ID BOUNDARY INTEGRAL METHOD; FINITE-ELEMENT METHODS; INTERFACIAL-TENSION; ELONGATIONAL FLOW; DEFORMATION; BLENDS; MORPHOLOGY; VISCOSITY; RECOVERY; STEADY AB We present results from modeling the deformation of a viscoelastic drop suspended in another viscoelastic fluid subjected to uniaxial extensional flow using the DEVSSG-FEM. Viscoelasticity is implemented using the Oldroyd-B constitutive relation for both the drop and surrounding matrix fluids. To allow efficient solution of the discretized problem, we employ an implicit temporal integration scheme with an accelerated quasi-Newton method. Important viscoelastic effects for both drop deformation during extensional flow and drop retraction following cessation of flow are elucidated. Viscoelastic drops in a Newtonian matrix lengthen less at steady state extension than Newtonian drops because of the accommodation of stress by elasticity. However, the stored elastic effects cause rapid tip retraction during the recovery of polymeric drops, Drops stretched in a viscoelastic exterior flow are enhanced in length compared to those in a Newtonian matrix because of first normal stresses from the matrix. During recovery, drops in a viscoelastic matrix can exhibit significant lengthening upon cessation of extensional flows, causing additional strain before retraction, This behavior is strongly dependent on the details of the exterior flow. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Minnesota, Minnesota Supercomp Inst, Army HPC Res Ctr, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Derby, JJ (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Minnesota Supercomp Inst, Army HPC Res Ctr, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, 151 Amundson Hall,421 Washington Ave SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RI Derby, Jeffrey/B-9706-2009; de Almeida, Valmor/P-5498-2016; OI de Almeida, Valmor/0000-0003-0899-695X; Derby, Jeffrey/0000-0001-6418-2155 NR 35 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0377-0257 J9 J NON-NEWTON FLUID JI J. Non-Newton. Fluid Mech. PD MAR 31 PY 2001 VL 98 IS 2-3 BP 141 EP 168 DI 10.1016/S0377-0257(01)00112-4 PG 28 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA 436AF UT WOS:000168913800004 ER PT J AU Xu, K Ding, MS Jow, TR AF Xu, K Ding, MS Jow, TR TI A better quantification of electrochemical stability limits for electrolytes in double layer capacitors SO ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE electrochemical stability; electrolytes; double layer capacitor; activated carbon; surface structure ID SALTS AB An improved quantification of electrochemical stability limits is proposed for electrolytes working in capacitors, where the enormous surface area of the electrode material renders the conventional determination of electrolyte decomposition inappropriate. Using the proposed new approach, reliable stability data are obtained for the description of non-aqueous electrolytes operating in double layer capacitors. With these new stability data it is also found that the electrolyte decomposition correlates with the surface concentration of the functional group rather than the total surface area of the electrode. This new method could be used to evaluate electrolyte:electrode interaction in more general systems in which the electrode has a high surface area without any irreversibility being desired. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Electrochem Branch, Sensor & Elect Device Directorate, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Xu, K (reprint author), USA, Electrochem Branch, Sensor & Elect Device Directorate, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 13 TC 27 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 12 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0013-4686 J9 ELECTROCHIM ACTA JI Electrochim. Acta PD MAR 30 PY 2001 VL 46 IS 12 BP 1823 EP 1827 DI 10.1016/S0013-4686(01)00358-9 PG 5 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA 420JW UT WOS:000168002700006 ER PT J AU Shi, CM Gross, SM DeSimone, JM Kiserow, DJ Roberts, GW AF Shi, CM Gross, SM DeSimone, JM Kiserow, DJ Roberts, GW TI Reaction kinetics of the solid state polymerization of poly(bisphenol A carbonate) SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID DIPHENYL CARBONATE; BISPHENOL-A; POLY(ETHYLENE-TEREPHTHALATE); POLYCONDENSATION; CRYSTALLIZATION AB The kinetics of solid-state polymerization (SSP) of poly(bisphenol A carbonate) was investigated with N-2 as the sweep gas. The N-2 flow rate and prepolymer particle size were chosen to eliminate the influence of both external and internal phenol diffusion, and to ensure that the kinetics was controlled by the rate of the forward transesterification reaction. The forward reaction rate constants were evaluated at different temperatures between 120 and 165 degreesC, and the activation energy for SSP of poly(bisphenol A carbonate) with N-2 as the sweep gas was determined to be 99.6 kJ/mol. At each temperature, the polymer molecular weight increased with time, eventually reaching an asymptotic value. The asymptotic molecular weight increased with temperature. The glass transition temperature (T-g) of the polymer increased as the molecular weight increased. At lower reaction temperatures, T-g approaches the reaction temperature as the polymerization proceeds, and the achievable molecular weight appears to be limited by decreased end group mobility. At the highest reaction temperature, which was well above the final T-g of the polymer, the stoichiometric ratio of the two end groups appears to determine the achievable molecular weight. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. USA, Res Off, Div Chem Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. Univ N Carolina, Dept Chem, Venan & Kenan Labs, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RP Roberts, GW (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Box 7905, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. NR 13 TC 22 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD MAR 27 PY 2001 VL 34 IS 7 BP 2060 EP 2064 DI 10.1021/ma001942r PG 5 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 413MH UT WOS:000167615600006 ER PT J AU Saravolac, EG Sabuda, D Crist, C Blasetti, K Schnell, G Yang, HM Kende, M Levy, HB Wong, JP AF Saravolac, EG Sabuda, D Crist, C Blasetti, K Schnell, G Yang, HM Kende, M Levy, HB Wong, JP TI Immunoprophylactic strategies against respiratory influenza virus infection SO VACCINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd World Congress on Vaccines and Immunisation CY AUG 29-SEP 03, 2000 CL LIEGE, BELGIUM DE immunoprophylaxis; liposome; influenza A ID POLYRIBOCYTIDYLIC ACID COMPLEX; INTERFERON-GAMMA; RHESUS-MONKEYS; MICE; PROPHYLAXIS; PROTECTION; EFFICACY; CANCER; FEVER; ALPHA AB The objective of this report is to evaluate the prophylactic efficacy of liposome-mediated immunotherapy for prevention of respiratory influenza virus infection in mice. Antiviral antibody. interferon-gamma and poly (ICLC) were encapsulated in liposomes and they were evaluated for their ability to induce protective immunity against lethal influenza infection. Passive immunization using liposome-encapsulated antiviral antibody was found to offer complete protection against the virus challenge. However, this pretreatment must be administered within 24 h prior to virus challenge to be protective. Pretreatment with liposome-encapsulated interferon-gamma was found to stimulate cellular immune responses, but the protection is partial. Immunoprophylaxis using liposome-encapsulated double-stranded (ds) RNA poly (ICLC) provided complete and longer-lasting protection against influenza infection. These results suggest liposome-mediated immunoprophylactic approaches are effective in the prevention of respiratory influenza virus infection. Crown Copyright (C) 2001 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Def Res & Dev Estab, Chem & Biol Def Sect, Medicine Hat, AB T1A 8K6, Canada. Gen Hosp, Medicine Hat, AB T1A 8K6, Canada. Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. Johnson & Johnson Res Pty, Eveleigh, NSW, Australia. Univ Calgary, Foothills Hosp, Medicine Hat, AB T1A 8K6, Canada. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD USA. Ribopharm Inc, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Wong, JP (reprint author), Def Res & Dev Estab, Chem & Biol Def Sect, Box 4000 Stn Main, Medicine Hat, AB T1A 8K6, Canada. NR 40 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD MAR 21 PY 2001 VL 19 IS 17-19 SI SI BP 2227 EP 2232 DI 10.1016/S0264-410X(00)00450-3 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 412DH UT WOS:000167538400008 PM 11257338 ER PT J AU Hammond, SA Walwender, D Alving, CR Glenn, GM AF Hammond, SA Walwender, D Alving, CR Glenn, GM TI Transcutaneous immunization: T cell responses and boosting of existing immunity SO VACCINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd World Congress on Vaccines and Immunisation CY AUG 29-SEP 03, 2000 CL LIEGE, BELGIUM DE tetanus toxoid; transcutaneous immunization; vaccine ID ADP-RIBOSYLATING EXOTOXINS; CHOLERA-TOXIN; DENDRITIC CELLS; ADJUVANT ACTIVITIES; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; CHALLENGE; DELIVERY; DNA; VACCINATION; MATURATION AB Transcutaneous immunization (TCI) is a novel immunization strategy by which antigen and adjuvant are applied topically to intact, hydrated skin to induce potent antibody and cell-mediated immune responses specific for both the antigen and the adjuvant. Using tetanus toroid as a model antigen, we examined the T cell response to tetanus toroid after topical immunization with a variety of adjuvants. TCI readily induced systemic antigen specific T cell responses with a mixed Th1/Th2 phenotype but with a Th2 bias. We also investigated whether priming by the intramuscular route, which is known to induce T cell memory, could be followed by a boosting immunization on the skin to induce secondary responses. TCI could augment existing immunity, but interestingly, this strategy induced potent responses only if the antibody titer was low at the time of TCI boosting. These and previous observations suggest that TCI follows known immunological principles that govern other routes of vaccine delivery. Furthermore. booster immunization using tetanus toroid may provide a useful model for further development of important patch and formulation concepts for TCI, and act as an early candidate for validating product feasibility of TCI in humans. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Membrane Biochem, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. IOMAI Corp, Washington, DC 20037 USA. RP Hammond, SA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Membrane Biochem, 503 Robert Grant Rd, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 31 TC 58 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD MAR 21 PY 2001 VL 19 IS 17-19 SI SI BP 2701 EP 2707 DI 10.1016/S0264-410X(00)00506-5 PG 7 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 412DH UT WOS:000167538400082 PM 11257412 ER PT J AU Belen'kii, MS Stewart, JM Gillespie, P AF Belen'kii, MS Stewart, JM Gillespie, P TI Turbulence-induced edge image waviness: theory and experiment SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID LASER GUIDE STAR; FINITE OUTER SCALE; ATMOSPHERIC-TURBULENCE; ADAPTIVE OPTICS; TILT; ANISOPLANATISM AB A theoretical model for the edge image waviness effect is developed for the ground-to-ground imaging scheme and validated by use of IR imagery data collected at the White Sands Missile Range. It is shown that angle-of-arrival (AA) angular anisoplanatism causes the phenomenon of edge image waviness and that the AA correlation scale, not the isoplanatic angle, characterizes the edge image waviness scale. The latter scale is determined by the angular size of the imager and a normalized atmospheric outer scale, and it does not depend on the strength of turbulence along the path. Spherical divergence of the light waves increases the edge waviness scale. A procedure for estimating the atmospheric and camera-noise components of the edge image motion is developed and implemented. A technique for mitigation of the edge image waviness that relies on averaging the effects of AA anisoplanatism on the image is presented and validated. The edge waviness variance is reduced by a factor of 2-3. The time history and temporal power spectrum of the edge image motion are obtained. I These data confirm that the observed edge image motion is caused by turbulence. (C) 2001 Optical Society of America. C1 Georgia Inst Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. USA, Res Lab, Battlefield Environm Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Belen'kii, MS (reprint author), Trex Enterprise Corp, 10455 Pacific Ctr Court, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. EM mbelenkii@thermotrex.-com NR 20 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD MAR 20 PY 2001 VL 40 IS 9 BP 1321 EP 1328 DI 10.1364/AO.40.001321 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA 413RX UT WOS:000167626700004 PM 18357118 ER PT J AU Bunte, SW Jensen, GM McNesby, KL Goodin, DB Chabalowski, CF Nieminen, RM Suhai, S Jalkanen, KJ AF Bunte, SW Jensen, GM McNesby, KL Goodin, DB Chabalowski, CF Nieminen, RM Suhai, S Jalkanen, KJ TI Theoretical determination of the vibrational absorption and Raman spectra of 3-methylindole and 3-methylindole radicals SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CYTOCHROME-C PEROXIDASE; CIRCULAR-DICHROISM SPECTRA; DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; RESOLVED RESONANCE RAMAN; L-ALANINE N'-METHYLAMIDE; AB-INITIO CALCULATION; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; TRYPTOPHAN RADICALS; FORCE-FIELDS; RIBONUCLEOTIDE REDUCTASE AB We report theoretical calculations of vibrational absorption and Raman spectra for the tryptophan analog 3-methylindole using density functional theory, the Becke3LYP hybrid functional, and the TZ/2P basis set. These results are compared to experimentally measured vibrational absorption and Raman spectra for 3-methylindole. The theoretical calculations represent accurate predictions of the observed vibrational frequencies and intensities, and of the Raman intensities, Currently, tryptophan radicals, either neutral or cationic, are believed to participate in electron transfer in enzymes such as cytochrome c peroxidase, ribonucleotide reductase, and DNA photolyase. In this paper we also report theoretical vibrational absorption and Raman spectra for 3-methylindole cation radical and 3-methylindole neutral radical. These predictions should provide specific spectroscopic markers for the detection of neutral or cationic tryptophan radicals in biological systems, providing a complement to the data available from electron paramagnetic resonance experiments. Raman spectroscopy of tryptophan is already in use in the study of protein conformations; theoretical predictions for the radical species provides a new tool for the detection of neutral or cation radicals of tryptophan in natural systems predisposed to the appropriate experiment. (C) 2001 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. German Canc Res Ctr, Dept Mol Biophys, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Helsinki Univ Technol, Phys Lab, FIN-02015 HUT, Finland. Scripps Res Inst, Dept Mol Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. RP Bunte, SW (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RI Jalkanen, Karl/A-2456-2008; Nieminen, Risto/I-5573-2012 OI Nieminen, Risto/0000-0002-1032-2711 NR 68 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0301-0104 J9 CHEM PHYS JI Chem. Phys. PD MAR 15 PY 2001 VL 265 IS 1 BP 13 EP 25 DI 10.1016/S0301-0104(01)00274-9 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 415AT UT WOS:000167698900002 ER PT J AU Li, X Tone, K Fursin, L Zhao, JH Burke, T Alexandrov, P Pan, M Weiner, M AF Li, X Tone, K Fursin, L Zhao, JH Burke, T Alexandrov, P Pan, M Weiner, M TI Multistep junction termination extension for SiC power devices SO ELECTRONICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB A multistep junction termination extension (MJTE) for SIC power devices, which uses a single-step ion implantation and multiple dry etches, is studied by way of two-dimensional numerical simulations and confirmed by fabricating and measuring a high-voltage implanted 4H-SiC pin diode. It is shown that MJTE is a very effective approach and can be easily implemented in experiment. C1 Rutgers State Univ, Dept ECE, SiCLAB, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. USA, TACOM, Warren, MI 48397 USA. United Silicon Carbide Inc, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. RP Li, X (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Dept ECE, SiCLAB, 94 Brett Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. NR 2 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEE-INST ELEC ENG PI HERTFORD PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD SG1 2AY, ENGLAND SN 0013-5194 J9 ELECTRON LETT JI Electron. Lett. PD MAR 15 PY 2001 VL 37 IS 6 BP 392 EP 393 DI 10.1049/el:20010258 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 418WH UT WOS:000167916800044 ER PT J AU Allen, RD Brown, J Zwick, H Schuschereba, ST Lund, J Stuck, BE AF Allen, RD Brown, J Zwick, H Schuschereba, ST Lund, J Stuck, BE TI The effect of laser induced macular injuries on choroidal perfusion in the nonhuman primate retina. SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. USA, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Med Res, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 2001 VL 42 IS 4 SU S MA 3713 BP S690 EP S690 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 427EP UT WOS:000168392103676 ER PT J AU Bauer, R Bower, KS O'Kane, B Subramanian, P Stefanik, R Stevens, J Rabin, J AF Bauer, R Bower, KS O'Kane, B Subramanian, P Stefanik, R Stevens, J Rabin, J TI Physical limits on visual resolution through image intensifiers before and after PRK. SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. USA, CECOM, RDEC, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 2001 VL 42 IS 4 SU S MA 3266 BP S608 EP S608 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 427EP UT WOS:000168392103230 ER PT J AU Brown, J Zwick, H Akers, A Schuschereba, ST Lund, DJ Stuck, BE AF Brown, J Zwick, H Akers, A Schuschereba, ST Lund, DJ Stuck, BE TI Optical coherence tomographic features of choroidal neovascularization in an animal model. SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Brooks AFB, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 2001 VL 42 IS 4 SU S MA 4263 BP S795 EP S795 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 427EP UT WOS:000168392104226 ER PT J AU Chacko, B Gardner, B Pemberton, J Walt, JG AF Chacko, B Gardner, B Pemberton, J Walt, JG TI Artificial tear usage in a defined population. SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Allergan Pharmaceut Inc, Irvine, CA 92715 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 2001 VL 42 IS 4 SU S MA 4744 BP S884 EP S884 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 427EP UT WOS:000168392104707 ER PT J AU Elliott, WR Zwick, H Biggerstaff, S Lund, D Stuck, BE Ness, J Reddix, M AF Elliott, WR Zwick, H Biggerstaff, S Lund, D Stuck, BE Ness, J Reddix, M TI Online measurement of the effects of foveal Q-switched laser exposure on visual function and oculomotor behavior in alert, task oriented rhesus monkeys. SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Brooks AFB, TX USA. USA, Med Res Det, WRAIR, Brooks AFB, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 2001 VL 42 IS 4 SU S MA 3699 BP S687 EP S687 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 427EP UT WOS:000168392103662 ER PT J AU Holck, DE Ng, JD Foster, JA Dutton, JJ DeBacker, CM Cho, R Goodman, R AF Holck, DE Ng, JD Foster, JA Dutton, JJ DeBacker, CM Cho, R Goodman, R TI Temporalis muscle transfer flaps in the treatment of the contracted orbit. SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Ophthalmol, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Cleveland Clin Fdn, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA. Atlantic Eye & Face Ctr, Cary, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 2001 VL 42 IS 4 SU S MA 1842 BP S341 EP S341 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 427EP UT WOS:000168392101812 ER PT J AU Lane, RG Kerrison, JB Lounsbury, D Schatz, M Engler, RM AF Lane, RG Kerrison, JB Lounsbury, D Schatz, M Engler, RM TI Optic neuritis following anthrax vaccination. SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 2001 VL 42 IS 4 SU S MA 1757 BP S326 EP S326 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 427EP UT WOS:000168392101727 ER PT J AU Longmuir, RA Oh, KT Oh, DM Brown, J Affatigato, LA Haines, HL Andorf, JL Weleber, RC Stone, EM AF Longmuir, RA Oh, KT Oh, DM Brown, J Affatigato, LA Haines, HL Andorf, JL Weleber, RC Stone, EM TI Comparison of the severity of retinitis pigmentosa associated with mutations at codon 347 and codon 23 of rhodopsin. SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Iowa, Coll Med, Iowa City, IA USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Brooks AFB, TX USA. Casey Eye Inst, Portland, OR USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 2001 VL 42 IS 4 SU S MA 426 BP S77 EP S77 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 427EP UT WOS:000168392100416 ER PT J AU Lund, BJ Zwick, H Lund, DJ Stuck, BE Ness, JW AF Lund, BJ Zwick, H Lund, DJ Stuck, BE Ness, JW TI Effect of source intensity on the variability of eye movements during deliberate fixation. SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Med Res Det WRAIR, Brooks AFB, TX USA. USA, Med Res & Mat Command, Ft Detrick, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 2001 VL 42 IS 4 SU S MA 3328 BP S619 EP S619 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 427EP UT WOS:000168392103292 ER PT J AU Robbins, DO Zwick, H Schuschereba, ST Stuck, BE AF Robbins, DO Zwick, H Schuschereba, ST Stuck, BE TI Morphology and histopathology of laser induced macular pathology in behaviorally-trained, non-human primates. SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Ohio Wesleyan Univ, Dept Psychol, Delaware, OH 43015 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, USAMRD, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 2001 VL 42 IS 4 SU S MA 356 BP S64 EP S64 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 427EP UT WOS:000168392100346 ER PT J AU Schuschereba, ST Bowman, PD Ray, JA Edsall, P Dinh, HK Stuck, BE AF Schuschereba, ST Bowman, PD Ray, JA Edsall, P Dinh, HK Stuck, BE TI The genetic response of cultured human retinal pigment epithelial cells to prolonged blue laser light exposure. SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USAMRD, USA, Med Res, Brooks AFB, TX USA. WRAIR, Brooks AFB, TX USA. USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 2001 VL 42 IS 4 SU S MA 4037 BP S754 EP S754 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 427EP UT WOS:000168392104000 ER PT J AU Valentin, FE Brown, J Folk, JC Oh, KT Oh, DM Whitcup, SM Nussenblatt, RB AF Valentin, FE Brown, J Folk, JC Oh, KT Oh, DM Whitcup, SM Nussenblatt, RB TI The association of HLA DQ3 and A2 with multifocal choroiditis. SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Brooks AFB, TX USA. Univ Iowa, Dept Ophthalmol & Visual Sci, Iowa City, IA USA. NEI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 2001 VL 42 IS 4 SU S MA 3060 BP S570 EP S570 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 427EP UT WOS:000168392103026 ER PT J AU Van de Pol, C Salmon, TO AF Van de Pol, C Salmon, TO TI Repeatability of Orbscan II pachymetry measures. SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Aeromed Res Lab, Ft Rucker, AL USA. NE State Univ, Coll Optometry, Tahlequah, OK USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 2001 VL 42 IS 4 SU S MA 4831 BP S899 EP S899 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 427EP UT WOS:000168392104794 ER PT J AU Wong, WK Ng, JD Chacko, B Nelson, B Chalfin, S Kiel, JW AF Wong, WK Ng, JD Chacko, B Nelson, B Chalfin, S Kiel, JW TI Efficacy of Tisseel VH (TM) Fibrin Sealant on closure of traumatic corneal lacerations. SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, SAUSHEC Ophthalmol Residency, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Ophthalmol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 2001 VL 42 IS 4 SU S MA 154 BP S27 EP S27 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 427EP UT WOS:000168392100144 ER PT J AU Zwick, H Elliott, WR Stuck, BE AF Zwick, H Elliott, WR Stuck, BE TI In vivo photoreceptor survival for rapid vs slow laser induced thermal damage. SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Med Res Det, WRAIR, Brooks AFB, TX USA. USN, Hlth Res Command Detachment, Brooks AFB, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 2001 VL 42 IS 4 SU S MA 2314 BP S430 EP S430 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 427EP UT WOS:000168392102284 ER PT J AU Thompson, MP Auner, GW Zheleva, TS Jones, KA Simko, SJ Hilfiker, JN AF Thompson, MP Auner, GW Zheleva, TS Jones, KA Simko, SJ Hilfiker, JN TI Deposition factors and band gap of zinc-blende AlN SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; LASER-ABLATION; FILMS; GROWTH; SEMICONDUCTORS; MICROSTRUCTURE; PROSPECTS; NITRIDE; LAYER; INN AB Successful deposition of zinc-blende AlN films with thickness up to 1000 Angstrom was performed with plasma source molecular beam epitaxy. The films were epitaxial to the Si(001) substrate. The formation of a thin 3C-SiC layer on the Si(001) surface is one of the important factors for the formation of zinc-blende AlN. Evidence for the presence of 3C-SiC is provided by an Auger electron spectroscopy depth profile and a high-resolution transmission electron microscopy plot profile. Spectroscopic ellipsometry was used to determine the optical constants of zinc-blende AlN in the range from 1.85 to 6.5 eV. The extinction coefficient data indicates that zinc-blende AlN is an indirect semiconductor with a band gap of similar to5.34 eV. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Wayne State Univ, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. Wayne State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Ford Motor Co, Dept Chem, Sci Res Lab, Dearborn, MI 48121 USA. JA Woollam Co Inc, Lincoln, NE 68508 USA. RP Thompson, MP (reprint author), Wayne State Univ, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. NR 24 TC 81 Z9 81 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAR 15 PY 2001 VL 89 IS 6 BP 3331 EP 3336 DI 10.1063/1.1346999 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 406ZZ UT WOS:000167248100040 ER PT J AU Solomou, EE Juang, YT Gourley, MF Kammer, GM Tsokos, GC AF Solomou, EE Juang, YT Gourley, MF Kammer, GM Tsokos, GC TI Molecular basis of deficient IL-2 production in T cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION; DISEASE-ACTIVITY; INTERLEUKIN-2; LYMPHOCYTES; PROTEIN; EXPRESSION; GENE; INHIBITION; DEFECTS; BINDING AB Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multifactorial autoimmune disease characterized by diverse cellular and biochemical aberrations, including decreased production of IL-2. Here we show that nuclear extracts from unstimulated SLE T cells, unlike extracts from normal T cells, express increased amounts of phosphorylated cAMP-responsive element modulator (p-CREM) that binds the -180 site of the IL-2 promoter. Nuclear extracts from stimulated normal T cells display increased binding of phosphorylated cAMP-responsive element binding protein (p-CREB) to the -180 site of the IL-2 promoter, whereas nuclear extracts from stimulated SLE T cells display primarily p-CREM and decreased p-CREB binding. In SLE T cells, p-CREM bound to the transcriptional coactivators, CREB binding protein and p300, Increased expression of p-CREM correlated with decreased production of IL-2, The transcription of a reporter gene driven by the -180 site was enhanced in normal T cells, but was suppressed in SLE T cells. These experiments demonstrate that transcriptional repression is responsible for the decreased production of IL-2 by SLE T cells. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Washington Hosp Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20010 USA. Wake Forest Univ, Dept Med, Sch Med, Winston Salem, NC 27257 USA. RP Tsokos, GC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Robert Grant Rd,Bldg 503,Room 1A32, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [MO1RR07122]; NIAID NIH HHS [R01AI42269]; NIAMS NIH HHS [R01AR39501] NR 34 TC 117 Z9 120 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD MAR 15 PY 2001 VL 166 IS 6 BP 4216 EP 4222 PG 7 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 410JW UT WOS:000167437700077 PM 11238674 ER PT J AU Belmont, PJ Polly, DW Cunningham, BW Klemme, WR AF Belmont, PJ Polly, DW Cunningham, BW Klemme, WR TI The effects of hook pattern and kyphotic angulation on mechanical strength and apical rod strain in a long-segment posterior construct using a synthetic model SO SPINE LA English DT Article DE biomechanics; instrumentation; kyphosis; Scheuermann's disease; thoracic spine ID SCHEUERMANNS-DISEASE; SURGICAL-MANAGEMENT; KYPHOSIS SECONDARY; INSTRUMENTATION; FUSION AB Study Design, Synthetic spine models were used to compare the effects of hook pattern and kyphotic angulation on stiffness and rod strain in long-segment posterior spinal constructs. Objectives. To examine the biomechanical effects of hook patterns and kyphotic angulation on long-segment posterior spinal constructs. Summary of Background Data, Kyphotic deformities managed by increasing rod diameter and hence construct stiff ness have sh own decreased postoperative loss of correction and hardware complications. The biomechanical effects of hook pattern and kyphosis are unknown. Methods, Spine models of 0 degrees, 27 degrees, and 54 degrees sagittal contour, composed of polypropylene vertebral blocks and isoprene elastomer intervertebral spacers, representing T3-T12, were used for biomechanical testing of long-segment posterior spinal constructs. Models were instrumented with 6.35-mm titanium rods and one of the following hook configurations: 20-hook compression, 16-hook compression, 16-hook claw apex-empty, 16-hook claw apex-full, or 8-hook claw. Construct stiffness and rod strain during axial compression were determined. Results. The compression-hook patterns provided at least a 45% increase in construct stiffness (P = 0.013) and a 22% decrease in rod strain (P < 0.0001) compared with those obtained with the claw-hook pattern with the best biomechanical performance. When analyzing all five hook patterns, there was a 19% decrease in construct stiffness and 27% increase in rod strain when progressing from straight alignment to 27 of sagittal contour (P < 0.0001). Progressing from straight alignment to 54 decreased construct stiffness by 48% and increased rod strain by 55% (P < 0.0001). Construct stiffness was inversely cor; related to rod strain in all five hook patterns (R-2 = 0.82-0.98, P < 0.001). Conclusions. Using compressive-hook patterns and decreasing the kyphotic:deformity significantly increases construct stiffness and decreases rod strain. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed Surg & Rehabil, Orthopaed Surg Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Union Mem Hosp, Orthopaed Biomech Lab, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Polly, DW (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed Surg & Rehabil, Orthopaed Surg Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. OI Belmont, Philip/0000-0003-2618-199X NR 31 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0362-2436 J9 SPINE JI SPINE PD MAR 15 PY 2001 VL 26 IS 6 BP 627 EP 635 DI 10.1097/00007632-200103150-00013 PG 9 WC Clinical Neurology; Orthopedics SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Orthopedics GA 414JR UT WOS:000167663700007 PM 11305279 ER PT J AU Scott, AE Cosma, GN Frank, AA Wells, RL Gardner, HS AF Scott, AE Cosma, GN Frank, AA Wells, RL Gardner, HS TI Disruption of mitochondrial respiration by melatonin in MCF-7 cells SO TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE melatonin; MCF-7 cells; in vitro; mitochondria; morphology; electron transport ID BREAST-CANCER CELLS; IN-VITRO; GROWTH; PROLIFERATION; MODULATION; INHIBITION; EXPRESSION; CULTURE; ACID AB Clinical and laboratory studies have provided evidence of oncostatic activity by the pineal neurohormone melatonin. However, these studies have not elucidated its mechanism of action. The following series of MCF-7 breast tumor cell studies conducted in the absence of exogenous steroid hormones provide evidence for a novel mechanism of oncostatic activity by this endogenous hormone. We observed a 40-60% loss of MCF-7 cells after 20-h treatment with 100 nM melatonin, which confirmed and extended previous reports of its oncostatic potency. Interestingly, there were no observed changes in tritiated thymidine uptake, suggesting a lack of effect on cell cycle/nascent DNA synthesis. Further evidence of a cytocidal effect came from morphologic observations of acute cell death and autophagocytosis accompanied by degenerative changes in mitochondria. Studies of mitochondrial function via standard polarography revealed a significant increase in oxygen consumption in melatonin-treated MCF-7 cells. Enzyme-substrate studies of electron transport chain (complex IV) activity in detergent permeabilized cells demonstrated a concomitant 53% increase (p < 0.01) in cytochrome c oxidase activity. Additional studies of succinate dehydrogenase activity (complex II) as determined by reduction of (3-4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)2,5-diphenyl razolium bromide demonstrated a significant increase (p < 0.05) in melatonin-treated cells and further confirmed the accelerated ET activity. Finally, there was a 64% decrease (p < 0.05) in cellular ATP levels in melatonin-treated cells. The G-protein-coupled melatonin receptor antagonist luzindole abrogated the cytotoxic and mitochondrial effects. These studies suggest a receptor-modulated pathway of cytotoxicity in melatonin-treated MCF-7 tumor cells with apparent uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation. (C) 2001 Academic Press. C1 Colorado State Univ, Dept Environm Hlth, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Colorado State Univ, Dept Pathol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Colorado State Univ, Dept Radiol Hlth Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. USA, Ctr Environm Hlth Res, Ft Detrick, MD USA. RP Scott, AE (reprint author), POB 460783, Aurora, CO 80046 USA. NR 34 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0041-008X J9 TOXICOL APPL PHARM JI Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. PD MAR 15 PY 2001 VL 171 IS 3 BP 149 EP 156 DI 10.1006/taap.2000.9115 PG 8 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 414KX UT WOS:000167666800003 PM 11243914 ER PT J AU Xia, ZY Sue, HJ Hsieh, AJ AF Xia, ZY Sue, HJ Hsieh, AJ TI Impact fracture behavior of molecularly orientated polycarbonate sheets SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE impact resistance; equal channel angular extrusion; molecular orientation; polycarbonate; anisotropy ID CHANNEL ANGULAR EXTRUSION; MECHANISMS; POLYETHYLENE; ALLOY AB The impact fracture behavior of molecularly orientated polycarbonate (PC) sheets was investigated. The molecular orientation was achieved via a newly developed equal channel angular extrusion (ECAE) process. Improvement in impact fracture propagation resistance was observed in the ECAE processed PC sheets. The improved impact resistance was found to be directly related to the changes in molecular orientation because of ECAE. The unique characteristics of the ECAE process for polymer extrusion are described. The potential benefits of ECAE in enhancing physical and mechanical properties of the extruded PC sheets are discussed. (C) 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Polymer Technol Ctr, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Polymer Res Branch,AMSRL WM MA, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Sue, HJ (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Polymer Technol Ctr, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RI Sue, HJ/A-4051-2008 OI Sue, HJ/0000-0002-3898-4469 NR 32 TC 32 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0021-8995 J9 J APPL POLYM SCI JI J. Appl. Polym. Sci. PD MAR 14 PY 2001 VL 79 IS 11 BP 2060 EP 2066 DI 10.1002/1097-4628(20010314)79:11<2060::AID-APP1015>3.3.CO;2-5 PG 7 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 396QY UT WOS:000166649100016 ER PT J AU Myneni, K Barr, TA Reed, BR Pethel, SD Corron, NJ AF Myneni, K Barr, TA Reed, BR Pethel, SD Corron, NJ TI High-precision ranging using a chaotic laser pulse train SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID EXTERNAL OPTICAL FEEDBACK; SEMICONDUCTOR-LASERS; COHERENCE COLLAPSE; MODE AB We demonstrate the use of a chaotic laser pulse train for high-precision ranging. The pulse train is produced by inducing coherence collapse in an AlGaAs semiconductor laser. Measurements of optical spectra, intensity autocorrelation functions, and ladar ranging are presented. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Sci Applicat Int Corp, Huntsville, AL 35806 USA. USA, AMCOM, AMSAM RD WS ST, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Myneni, K (reprint author), Sci Applicat Int Corp, 6725 Odyssey Dr, Huntsville, AL 35806 USA. EM krishna.myneni@saic.com OI Corron, Ned/0000-0002-3232-5024 NR 9 TC 46 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAR 12 PY 2001 VL 78 IS 11 BP 1496 EP 1498 DI 10.1063/1.1355663 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 409BM UT WOS:000167364700012 ER PT J AU Prabhu, DR Davies, M Videen, G AF Prabhu, DR Davies, M Videen, G TI Light scattering calculations from oleic-acid droplets with water inclusions SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID CONGLOMERATE PARTICLES; ANGULAR-CORRELATIONS; MICRODROPLETS; MICROPARTICLES; SUPPRESSION; SPHERE AB We present modeling results in video format showing the changes that occur in the light scattered by a spherical oleic-acid host droplet containing a spherical water inclusion as the inclusion parameters vary. When the system symmetry is broken, a second set of diffraction rings appears on the side opposite the inclusion. The inclusion also acts as a second coherent source, contributing to an interference structure in the scattering pattern, the spatial frequency of which varies with the position of the inclusion. (C) 2001 Optical Society of America. C1 Oracle Corp, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA. Clark Atlanta Univ, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA. USA, Res Lab, AMSRL CI EM, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Prabhu, DR (reprint author), Oracle Corp, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA. NR 22 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD MAR 12 PY 2001 VL 8 IS 6 BP 308 EP 313 DI 10.1364/OE.8.000308 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA 409TA UT WOS:000167400400005 PM 19417820 ER PT J AU Achur, RN Valiyaveettil, M Alkhalil, A Ockenhouse, CF Gowda, CD AF Achur, RN Valiyaveettil, M Alkhalil, A Ockenhouse, CF Gowda, CD TI Human placental intervillous spaces contain unusually low sulfated chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans, which are involved in the adherence of Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Georgetown Univ, Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20007 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 5 BP A874 EP A874 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410TA UT WOS:000167454200923 ER PT J AU Alkhalil, A Achur, R Valiyaveettil, M Ockenhouse, CF Gowda, DC AF Alkhalil, A Achur, R Valiyaveettil, M Ockenhouse, CF Gowda, DC TI Structural requirements for the adherence of Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes to chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan of human placenta SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Georgetown Univ, Washington, DC 20007 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 5 BP A873 EP A873 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410TA UT WOS:000167454200918 ER PT J AU Baker-Fulco, CJ Kramer, MF Merrill, E Lesher, LL AF Baker-Fulco, CJ Kramer, MF Merrill, E Lesher, LL TI Gender differences in dietary intakes of soldiers with limited food choices. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Soldier Syst Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. GEO CTR, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 5 BP A738 EP A738 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410TA UT WOS:000167454200142 ER PT J AU Bentley, TB Mongan, PD Fontana, JL Pearce, FJ AF Bentley, TB Mongan, PD Fontana, JL Pearce, FJ TI Oxygen debt and lactate during controlled arterial hemorrhagic shock SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 5 BP A1126 EP A1126 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410TA UT WOS:000167454202378 ER PT J AU Bentley, TB Lee, JM Oliver, JD Pearce, FJ Atkins, JL AF Bentley, TB Lee, JM Oliver, JD Pearce, FJ Atkins, JL TI Programmed feedback control of experimental hemorrhagic shock SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RI Atkins, James/B-3577-2011 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 5 BP A1125 EP A1125 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410TA UT WOS:000167454202377 ER PT J AU Bovill, ME McGraw, SM Tharion, WJ Lieberman, HR AF Bovill, ME McGraw, SM Tharion, WJ Lieberman, HR TI Supplement use and nutrition knowledge in a Special Forces unit SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 5 BP A999 EP A999 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410TA UT WOS:000167454201648 ER PT J AU Carra, JH Schokman, RD Welcher, B Bavari, S Ulrich, R AF Carra, JH Schokman, RD Welcher, B Bavari, S Ulrich, R TI Mutational analysis of SPEA superantigen SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 5 BP A1174 EP A1174 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410TA UT WOS:000167454202657 ER PT J AU Claybaugh, JR Urada, KK Wall, PD Goodwin, SD AF Claybaugh, JR Urada, KK Wall, PD Goodwin, SD TI Effect of estrogen on cardiovascular and hormonal responses to hemorrhage in the ovariectomized goat SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 5 BP A1154 EP A1154 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410TA UT WOS:000167454202546 ER PT J AU Dubick, MA Olson, ASR Jordan, BS Commisso, J Keen, CL AF Dubick, MA Olson, ASR Jordan, BS Commisso, J Keen, CL TI Low iron (Fe) status in thermally injured patients: Relationship to plasma IL-1 beta levels SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 5 BP A973 EP A973 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410TA UT WOS:000167454201497 ER PT J AU Fegeding, KV Komisar, JL Tseng, JN AF Fegeding, KV Komisar, JL Tseng, JN TI Prevention of lethal toxic shock and chemokine gene expression in the lung with anti-TNF-alpha and anti-IFN-gamma in mice intoxicated with staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB). SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 5 BP A1048 EP A1048 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410TA UT WOS:000167454201937 ER PT J AU Hoffmann, SC Stanley, EM Cox, ED Craighead, N Perfetto, SP Harlan, DM Kirk, AD Blair, PJ AF Hoffmann, SC Stanley, EM Cox, ED Craighead, N Perfetto, SP Harlan, DM Kirk, AD Blair, PJ TI The polymorphism at-330 in the interleukin-2 gene results in a significant increase in IL-2 protein following co-stimulation of peripheral blood lymphocytes with anti-CD3/CD28. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NIDDK, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. Naval Med Res Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. Vaccine Res Ctr, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. RI Kirk, Allan/B-6905-2012 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 5 BP A1055 EP A1055 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410TA UT WOS:000167454201975 ER PT J AU Ishida, H Ray, P AF Ishida, H Ray, P TI RhoB turnover by the 26 proteasome via ubiquitination is a regulator of the cytoskeletal determinant of neuroexocytosis: A target of botulinum toxin type A SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 5 BP A896 EP A896 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410TA UT WOS:000167454201052 ER PT J AU Jenner, JL Patton, JF Mello, RP Marchitelli, LJ McGraw, SM Tharion, WJ Adalsteinsson, O Greenblatt, HG Karge, WH AF Jenner, JL Patton, JF Mello, RP Marchitelli, LJ McGraw, SM Tharion, WJ Adalsteinsson, O Greenblatt, HG Karge, WH TI Maximal muscle force and power in men and women following eccentric exercise SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. DCV Inc, Wilmington, DE USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 5 BP A790 EP A790 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410TA UT WOS:000167454200448 ER PT J AU Kamimori, GH Karyakar, C Otterstetter, R Cox, D Eddington, N AF Kamimori, GH Karyakar, C Otterstetter, R Cox, D Eddington, N TI Relative bioavailaility and absorption rate of caffeine in chewing gum and capsule form in normal males SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Neurobiol & Behav, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. UMAB, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 5 BP A916 EP A916 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410TA UT WOS:000167454201168 ER PT J AU Kolka, M Stephenson, LA AF Kolka, M Stephenson, LA TI Cutaneous reactive hyperemia after recovery from moderate exercise or niacin ingestion SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 5 BP A789 EP A789 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410TA UT WOS:000167454200439 ER PT J AU Latzka, WA Stephenson, LA Kesick, CM Robinson, S McCreery, MJ Kolka, MA AF Latzka, WA Stephenson, LA Kesick, CM Robinson, S McCreery, MJ Kolka, MA TI Assessment of skin erythema response to different doses of methyl nicotinate by scanning laser Doppler velocimetry. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 5 BP A1123 EP A1123 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410TA UT WOS:000167454202361 ER PT J AU Lefkowitz, LJ Smith, WJ AF Lefkowitz, LJ Smith, WJ TI Sulfur mustard-induced increase in arachidonic acid release is mediated by phospholipase D SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 5 BP A884 EP A884 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410TA UT WOS:000167454200981 ER PT J AU Matyas, GR Rao, M Wassef, NM Alving, CR AF Matyas, GR Rao, M Wassef, NM Alving, CR TI Antibodies to squalene SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 5 BP A1192 EP A1192 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410TA UT WOS:000167454202757 ER PT J AU McGraw, SM Jenner, JL Tharion, WJ Mello, RP Karge, WH Adalsteinsson, O Greenblatt, HG Lieberman, HR AF McGraw, SM Jenner, JL Tharion, WJ Mello, RP Karge, WH Adalsteinsson, O Greenblatt, HG Lieberman, HR TI Changes in mood associated with eccentric exercise and muscle soreness. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. DCV, Wilmington, DE USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 5 BP A791 EP A791 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410TA UT WOS:000167454200453 ER PT J AU Mendis, C Das, R Sanchez, C Royalee, A Yang, D Jett, M AF Mendis, C Das, R Sanchez, C Royalee, A Yang, D Jett, M TI Identification of genes altered in response to Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) in human lymphoid cells using DNA microarray technology SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Georgetown Univ, Washington, DC 20057 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 5 BP A896 EP A896 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410TA UT WOS:000167454201050 ER PT J AU Merz, DF Anderson, DR AF Merz, DF Anderson, DR TI Cytoprotective effect of mesna treatment for sulfur mustard (HD) induced lung injury SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 5 BP A925 EP A925 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410TA UT WOS:000167454201219 ER PT J AU Nindl, BC Montain, SJ Castellani, JW Ward, MD Smith, TJ Stulz, DA AF Nindl, BC Montain, SJ Castellani, JW Ward, MD Smith, TJ Stulz, DA TI Military operational stress alters serum concentrations of insulin-like growth factor-I binding proteins SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Inst Environm Med, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 5 BP A757 EP A757 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410TA UT WOS:000167454200248 ER PT J AU Ray, P Sheikh, FG Rosenthal, DS Ray, R AF Ray, P Sheikh, FG Rosenthal, DS Ray, R TI A specific serine protease induced by sulfur mustard (SM) in cultured normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEK) is involved in cell growth and differentiation SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Georgetown Univ, Sch Med, Washington, DC 20007 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 5 BP A902 EP A902 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410TA UT WOS:000167454201086 ER PT J AU Saikh, KU Dyas, B Kissner, TL Ulrich, RG AF Saikh, KU Dyas, B Kissner, TL Ulrich, RG TI NKT cell recognition of MHC class II ligands SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 5 BP A1021 EP A1021 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410TA UT WOS:000167454201776 ER PT J AU Saxena, A Moorad, DR Lockridge, O Millard, CB Broomfield, CA Doctor, BP Garcia, GE AF Saxena, A Moorad, DR Lockridge, O Millard, CB Broomfield, CA Doctor, BP Garcia, GE TI Site-specific analysis of glycan structures on plasma-derived human (Hu) and horse (Eq) butyrylcholinesterases (BChE) SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Univ Nebraska, Med Ctr, Omaha, NE 68198 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Edgewood, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 5 BP A870 EP A870 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410TA UT WOS:000167454200899 ER PT J AU Sheridan, RE AF Sheridan, RE TI Modulation of cholinergic neurons in spinal cord cultures and botulinum toxin sensitivity SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Neurotoxicol Branch, MCMRUVPN, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 5 BP A1166 EP A1166 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410TA UT WOS:000167454202612 ER PT J AU Shiraki, K Yamauchi, K Torii, R Sagawa, S Endo, Y Yamaguchi, H Mohri, M Claybaugh, JR AF Shiraki, K Yamauchi, K Torii, R Sagawa, S Endo, Y Yamaguchi, H Mohri, M Claybaugh, JR TI Does high pressure modulate sensitivity of the adrenoreceptors in humans? SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Occupat & Environm Hlth, Yahatanishi Ku, Kitkyushu 8078555, Japan. Japan Mrine Sci & Technol Ctr, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 5 BP A796 EP A796 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410TA UT WOS:000167454200479 ER PT J AU Stephenson, LA Kesick, CM Robinson, SB Will, TH Kolka, MA AF Stephenson, LA Kesick, CM Robinson, SB Will, TH Kolka, MA TI Topical nitroglycerin ointment (2%) applied to forearm skin does not improve heat loss during exercise. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 5 BP A1108 EP A1108 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410TA UT WOS:000167454202278 ER PT J AU Tharion, WJ DeLany, JP Baker-Fulco, CJ AF Tharion, WJ DeLany, JP Baker-Fulco, CJ TI Total daily energy expenditures (TDEEs) of male and female soldiers during a field training exercise (FTX). SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Pennington Biomed Res Ctr, Baton Rouge, LA 70808 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 5 BP A988 EP A988 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410TA UT WOS:000167454201583 ER PT J AU Ved, H Dave, J Garcia, G Doctor, B AF Ved, H Dave, J Garcia, G Doctor, B TI Effect of huperzine-A on beta amyloide-induced toxicity in primary neurons SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RI Dave, Jitendra/A-8940-2011 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 5 BP A1160 EP A1160 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410TA UT WOS:000167454202580 ER PT J AU Ye, DL Uyehara, CFT AF Ye, DL Uyehara, CFT TI Effects of vasopressin (VP) V2 receptor agonist dDAVP in male and female spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Hawaii Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 5 BP A1153 EP A1153 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410TA UT WOS:000167454202541 ER PT J AU Zhao, W Komisar, JL Tseng, J AF Zhao, W Komisar, JL Tseng, J TI Lethal toxic shock in actinomycin D-primed mice to the superantigen toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1). SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 5 BP A1049 EP A1049 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410TA UT WOS:000167454201943 ER PT J AU Crawford, DM Napadensky, E Tan, NCB Reuschle, DA Mountz, DA Mauritz, KA Laverdure, KS Gido, SP Liu, WD Hsiaod, B AF Crawford, DM Napadensky, E Tan, NCB Reuschle, DA Mountz, DA Mauritz, KA Laverdure, KS Gido, SP Liu, WD Hsiaod, B TI Structure/property relationships in polystyrene-polyisobutylene-polystyrene block copolymers SO THERMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 27th North-American-Thermal-Analysis-Society Conference CY SEP 20-22, 1999 CL SAVANNAH, GEORGIA SP N Amer Thermal Anal Soc DE DMA; triblock copolymer; ionomer; sulfonation; microstructure ID THIN-FILMS; IONOMERS; MICROSTRUCTURE AB Structure/property relationships of polystyrene-polyisobutylene-polystyrene (PS-PIB-PS) triblock copolymer made by different processes were studied using dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The PS-PIB-PS films were composed of approximately 30% polystyrene end-blocks. Small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confirm that a self-assembled, segregated cylindrical morphology forms in the copolymer. DMA was used as a tool to investigate the structure-property relationships in these polymers. Modified PS-PIB-PS copolymers were also characterized. Modifications of the copolymers were carried out by conversion of approximately 20 mol% of the polystyrene end-blocks to styrene sulfonic acid. The modified copolymers exhibited distinctly different thermal characteristics than the unmodified copolymers, which were most notable in the storage modulus and tan delta data. The presence of sulfonic acid groups disrupted the morphology and solvent sorption characteristics of the copolymers. Dynamic mechanical behavior is discussed as it relates to the morphology of the PS-PIB-PS copolymers formed via different processing methods and chemical modification. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, WM,MA, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Univ So Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Dept Polymer Sci & Engn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. RP Crawford, DM (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, WM,MA, Bldg 4600,Deer Creek Loop, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 13 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0040-6031 J9 THERMOCHIM ACTA JI Thermochim. Acta PD MAR 8 PY 2001 VL 367 BP 125 EP 134 DI 10.1016/S0040-6031(00)00692-4 PG 10 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry GA 414FU UT WOS:000167656100018 ER PT J AU Atkins, JL Bentley, TB Saviolakis, G Tabaku, LS Nelson, L Tai, YH AF Atkins, JL Bentley, TB Saviolakis, G Tabaku, LS Nelson, L Tai, YH TI Plasma norepinephrine (NE) increases during oxygen inhalation after hemorrhage SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RI Atkins, James/B-3577-2011 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 7 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 4 BP A105 EP A105 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410KA UT WOS:000167438100595 ER PT J AU Bastille, AM Matthew, CB Gonzalez, RR Sils, IV AF Bastille, AM Matthew, CB Gonzalez, RR Sils, IV TI Variation in interbeat intervals (IBI) of rats during hypothermia and rewarming. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Inst Environm Med, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 7 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 4 BP A95 EP A95 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410KA UT WOS:000167438100534 ER PT J AU Beidleman, BA Muza, SR Fulco, CS Cymerman, A Ditzler, DT Stulz, D Staab, JE Lewis, SF Skrinar, GS Sawka, MN AF Beidleman, BA Muza, SR Fulco, CS Cymerman, A Ditzler, DT Stulz, D Staab, JE Lewis, SF Skrinar, GS Sawka, MN TI The effects of intermittent altitude exposure on maximal exercise performance at high altitude SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 7 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 4 BP A98 EP A98 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410KA UT WOS:000167438100553 ER PT J AU Bhat, KR Benton, BJ Ray, R AF Bhat, KR Benton, BJ Ray, R TI DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) is essential for activation of DNA ligase I in sulfur-mustard (SM)-exposed cultured normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEK) SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 7 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 4 BP A518 EP A518 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410KA UT WOS:000167438102963 ER PT J AU Blaha, MD Kohl, JC DuBose, DA AF Blaha, MD Kohl, JC DuBose, DA TI Methyl green stain as a visual qualitative tool of DNase I-associated apoptotic events in CEES-exposed epiderm SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 7 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 4 BP A81 EP A81 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410KA UT WOS:000167438100454 ER PT J AU Bowman, PD Sondeen, JL Zhao, BT Ray, JA Nelson, JJ Villerreal, RC Dubick, MA AF Bowman, PD Sondeen, JL Zhao, BT Ray, JA Nelson, JJ Villerreal, RC Dubick, MA TI Gene expression profiling of the rat lung following severe hemorrhage SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Univ Texas, Coll Pharm, Austin, TX 78712 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 7 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 4 BP A484 EP A484 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410KA UT WOS:000167438102767 ER PT J AU Buxton, T Shapiro, BA Plowman, KM Brewer, PD Hartman, JF Smith, TJ McPherson, JC AF Buxton, T Shapiro, BA Plowman, KM Brewer, PD Hartman, JF Smith, TJ McPherson, JC TI Novel local drug delivery of antibiotic-bisphosphonate: Binding and antibacterial effects. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. ElizaNor Biopharmaceut, Princeton, NJ 08550 USA. Millenium Biologix, Kingston, ON, Canada. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 7 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 4 BP A587 EP A587 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410KA UT WOS:000167438103359 ER PT J AU Byers, CE Merk, KA Capacio, BR AF Byers, CE Merk, KA Capacio, BR TI Comparison of two analytical methods for determining midazolam concentrations in plasma SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 7 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 4 BP A222 EP A222 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410KA UT WOS:000167438101267 ER PT J AU Cassidy, RA Natarajan, S AF Cassidy, RA Natarajan, S TI Organochlorine insecticides in adipose breast tissue and the risk of breast cancer: An improved extraction procedure for semi-volatile compounds. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 7 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 4 BP A585 EP A585 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410KA UT WOS:000167438103350 ER PT J AU Castellani, JW Stulz, DA Blanchard, LA Cadarette, BS Nindl, BC Montain, SJ AF Castellani, JW Stulz, DA Blanchard, LA Cadarette, BS Nindl, BC Montain, SJ TI 84 Hours of exertional fatigue, caloric deficit, and sleep deprivation impairs shivering during cold air exposure in men SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 7 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 4 BP A94 EP A94 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410KA UT WOS:000167438100532 ER PT J AU DeBus, SJ Krzysiak, A Sherman, N Chang, FCT AF DeBus, SJ Krzysiak, A Sherman, N Chang, FCT TI Combined atropine and scopolamine optimizes the therapeutic outcome in guinea pigs intoxicated by O-isobutyl S-[2(diethylamino)ethyl]methylphosphonothioate. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 7 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 4 BP A557 EP A557 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410KA UT WOS:000167438103187 ER PT J AU Dinh, HKB Schuschereba, S Stuck, B Stavchansky, S Bowman, P AF Dinh, HKB Schuschereba, S Stuck, B Stavchansky, S Bowman, P TI Gene expression profiling of the cytoprotective effects of sodium arsenite and prostaglandin A(1) against thermal injury in ARPE-19 cells. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Texas, Coll Pharm, Austin, TX 78712 USA. USA, Med Res Detachment, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 7 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 4 BP A215 EP A215 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410KA UT WOS:000167438101225 ER PT J AU DuBose, DA Morehouse, D Wenger, CB AF DuBose, DA Morehouse, D Wenger, CB TI Influence of exercise (E) or exertional heat illness (EHI) on the distribution of human peripheral lymphocyte subpopulations (PLSP). SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 7 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 4 BP A93 EP A93 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410KA UT WOS:000167438100523 ER PT J AU Durkot, MJ Lopez, R AF Durkot, MJ Lopez, R TI Effect of Almitrine bismesylate on endurance and arterial desaturation in exercising rats exposed to chronic (7d) hypobaric hypoxia. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 7 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 4 BP A98 EP A98 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410KA UT WOS:000167438100550 ER PT J AU Dutta, K Narayan, K Dail, D Amemiya, K Pachner, AR AF Dutta, K Narayan, K Dail, D Amemiya, K Pachner, AR TI Cytokine gene expression microarrays in the Rhesus model of Lyme neuroborreliosis SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Newark, NJ 07103 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 7 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 4 BP A356 EP A356 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410KA UT WOS:000167438102036 ER PT J AU Fulco, CS Friedlander, AL Muza, SR Rock, PB Lewis, SF Lammi, E Robinson, S Baker-Fulco, CJ McDonald, J Braun, B Cymerman, A AF Fulco, CS Friedlander, AL Muza, SR Rock, PB Lewis, SF Lammi, E Robinson, S Baker-Fulco, CJ McDonald, J Braun, B Cymerman, A TI Energy intake deficit and physical performance at altitude. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. VA Med Ctr, Palo Alto, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 7 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 4 BP A96 EP A96 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410KA UT WOS:000167438100542 ER PT J AU Gaffin, SL Sonna, LA Cullivan, ML Angel, KC Pratt, RE Xu, M Lilly, CM AF Gaffin, SL Sonna, LA Cullivan, ML Angel, KC Pratt, RE Xu, M Lilly, CM TI Use of gene chip array technology to examine the effects of heat shock on gene expression in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Brigham & Womens Hosp, Boston, MA 02115 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 7 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 4 BP A484 EP A484 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410KA UT WOS:000167438102764 ER PT J AU Hammamieh, R Thomas, R Das, R Jett, M AF Hammamieh, R Thomas, R Das, R Jett, M TI Anti-sense oligodeoxynucleotides complementary to selected fatty acid binding proteins alter cellular functions in breast and prostate cancer cells SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 7 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 4 BP A600 EP A600 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410KA UT WOS:000167438103437 ER PT J AU Hoffmann, SC Stanley, EM Cox, ED DiMercurio, BS Koziol, DE Harlan, DM Kirk, AD Blair, PJ AF Hoffmann, SC Stanley, EM Cox, ED DiMercurio, BS Koziol, DE Harlan, DM Kirk, AD Blair, PJ TI Correlation of cytokine gene polymorphic inheritance and in vitro cytokine production in anti-CD3/CD28 stimulated peripheral blood lymphocytes SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NIDDK, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. RI Kirk, Allan/B-6905-2012 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 7 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 4 BP A666 EP A666 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410KA UT WOS:000167438103825 ER PT J AU Jett, M Yourick, D AF Jett, M Yourick, D TI Design of science laboratory summer programs at a research institute provides "near-peer" role models for inner-city junior high students SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RI Yourick, Debra/A-2121-2011 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 7 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 4 BP A542 EP A542 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410KA UT WOS:000167438103099 ER PT J AU Kalns, JE Ryan, K Soza, L Scruggs, J Lawrence, W Kiel, J AF Kalns, JE Ryan, K Soza, L Scruggs, J Lawrence, W Kiel, J TI Early peak in 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) accumulation does not require cytokine stimulus. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Brooks AFB, San Antonio, TX 78216 USA. USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooks AFB, Directed Energy Bioeffects Div, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 7 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 4 BP A83 EP A83 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410KA UT WOS:000167438100466 ER PT J AU Kanjilal, PP Matthew, CB Gonzalez, RR AF Kanjilal, PP Matthew, CB Gonzalez, RR TI Heat acclimation analyzed through spectral decomposition of the ECG signal. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 7 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 4 BP A93 EP A93 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410KA UT WOS:000167438100525 ER PT J AU Kenefick, RW Castellani, JW Mahood, NV Hazzard, MP Quinn, TJ AF Kenefick, RW Castellani, JW Mahood, NV Hazzard, MP Quinn, TJ TI Cardiovascular and thermoregulatory responses to hypohydration during moderate exercise in the cold. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ New Hampshire, Dept Kinesiol, Durham, NH 03824 USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 7 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 4 BP A94 EP A94 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410KA UT WOS:000167438100531 ER PT J AU Krishnan, S Warke, VG Nambiar, MP Wong, HK Tsokos, GC Farber, DL AF Krishnan, S Warke, VG Nambiar, MP Wong, HK Tsokos, GC Farber, DL TI Alteration in TCR/CD3 mediated signaling and upregulation of FcR gamma expression in human effector CD4 T cells SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 7 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 4 BP A707 EP A707 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410KA UT WOS:000167438104065 ER PT J AU Li, QG Steven, M Si, YZ Kyle, D Milhous, W AF Li, QG Steven, M Si, YZ Kyle, D Milhous, W TI Efficacy and neurotoxicity of arteether related with toxicokinetics following multiple intramuscular injection with sesame oil and cremophore vehicles in mice and rats SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 7 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 4 BP A549 EP A549 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410KA UT WOS:000167438103139 ER PT J AU Matthew, CB Sils, IV Bastille, AM AF Matthew, CB Sils, IV Bastille, AM TI Tissue specific extravasation of albumin-bound Evans blue in hypothermic and rewarmed rats. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 7 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 4 BP A95 EP A95 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410KA UT WOS:000167438100536 ER PT J AU McPherson, JC Chuang, AH McPherson, JC AF McPherson, JC Chuang, AH McPherson, JC TI A surfactant that affects blood flow in the microcirculation. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 7 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 4 BP A121 EP A121 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410KA UT WOS:000167438100686 ER PT J AU Miller, JK Cerasoli, DM Buenafe, AC Rittenberg, MB Lenz, DE AF Miller, JK Cerasoli, DM Buenafe, AC Rittenberg, MB Lenz, DE TI Sequence differences in light chain genes affect the binding specificity of anti-hapten antibodies SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Portland, OR 97201 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 7 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 4 BP A339 EP A339 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410KA UT WOS:000167438101939 ER PT J AU Muza, SR Fulco, CS Friedlander, AL Rock, PB McDonald, JR Kambis, KW Braun, B Cymerman, A AF Muza, SR Fulco, CS Friedlander, AL Rock, PB McDonald, JR Kambis, KW Braun, B Cymerman, A TI Relationship between daytime rest and nocturnal arterial oxygen saturations at 4300 m altitude SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Vet Adm Med Ctr, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. Coll William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23185 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 7 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 4 BP A97 EP A97 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410KA UT WOS:000167438100547 ER PT J AU Ramamoorthy, P Ludwig, G Henchal, E Jett, M Das, R AF Ramamoorthy, P Ludwig, G Henchal, E Jett, M Das, R TI Identification of changes in gene expression patterns induced by Venezuelan equine encephalitis using gene array technology. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. USAMRIID, Ft Detrick, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 7 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 4 BP A309 EP A309 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410KA UT WOS:000167438101763 ER PT J AU Rao, M Alving, CR Rothwell, SW AF Rao, M Alving, CR Rothwell, SW TI Depletion of cellular cholesterol interferes with intracellular trafficking of liposome-encapsulated antigens SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 7 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 4 BP A677 EP A677 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410KA UT WOS:000167438103888 ER PT J AU Ray, R Bhat, KR Benton, BJ Merz, DF Anderson, DR Hamilton, TA Petrali, JP Rosenthal, DS AF Ray, R Bhat, KR Benton, BJ Merz, DF Anderson, DR Hamilton, TA Petrali, JP Rosenthal, DS TI Sulfur mustard (SM) causes apoptosis in cultured normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEK) via mechanisms involving p53 SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Lincoln Univ, Lincoln Univ, PA 19352 USA. Georgetown Univ, Sch Med, Washington, DC 20007 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 7 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 4 BP A171 EP A171 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410KA UT WOS:000167438100972 ER PT J AU Reed, DS Smoll, JL AF Reed, DS Smoll, JL TI The subtype of the antibody response elicited by a candidate plague vaccine is dependent upon both the antigen and the adjuvant given during the first vaccination. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 7 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 4 BP A365 EP A365 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410KA UT WOS:000167438102089 ER PT J AU Ryan, KL Kalns, JE Scruggs, J Kiel, JW AF Ryan, KL Kalns, JE Scruggs, J Kiel, JW TI Nitric oxide (NO) synthesis inhibition does not inhibit nitration induced by environmental heating SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Davis Hyperbar Lab, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. AFRL, Directed Energy Bioeffects Div, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 7 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 4 BP A93 EP A93 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410KA UT WOS:000167438100526 ER PT J AU Schlager, JJ Dodds, AD Hofmann, CM McGary, KL Clark, JH Ali, K Benjamin, HR AF Schlager, JJ Dodds, AD Hofmann, CM McGary, KL Clark, JH Ali, K Benjamin, HR TI Temporal changes in inflammatory transcripts of cultured human keratinocytes following sulfur mustard exposure SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 7 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 4 BP A584 EP A584 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410KA UT WOS:000167438103343 ER PT J AU Sheikh, FG Ray, P AF Sheikh, FG Ray, P TI Western blot analysis of a sulfur mustard (SM) stimulated serine protease in cultured normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEK) SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 7 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 4 BP A540 EP A540 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410KA UT WOS:000167438103087 ER PT J AU Sils, IV Matthew, CB Bastille, AM AF Sils, IV Matthew, CB Bastille, AM TI Gender and hormone differences during brief exposure to a hot environment in unacclimated rats. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 7 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 4 BP A92 EP A92 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410KA UT WOS:000167438100518 ER PT J AU Sonna, LA Sharp, MA Knapik, JJ Cullivan, M Angel, KC Patton, JF Lilly, CM AF Sonna, LA Sharp, MA Knapik, JJ Cullivan, M Angel, KC Patton, JF Lilly, CM TI Effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) genotype on physical performance during US Army basic training. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Boston, MA 02115 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 7 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 4 BP A486 EP A486 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410KA UT WOS:000167438102779 ER PT J AU Staab, JE Beidleman, BA Muza, SR Fulco, CS Cymerman, A Stulz, D Ditzler, DT Skrinar, GS Lewis, SF AF Staab, JE Beidleman, BA Muza, SR Fulco, CS Cymerman, A Stulz, D Ditzler, DT Skrinar, GS Lewis, SF TI Effect of intermittent altitude acclimatization on resting erythropoietin response to high altitude SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 7 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 4 BP A98 EP A98 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410KA UT WOS:000167438100554 ER PT J AU Stulz, DA Beidleman, BA Muza, SR Ditzler, DT Cymerman, A Fulco, CS Lewis, SF Skrinar, GS Sawka, MN AF Stulz, DA Beidleman, BA Muza, SR Ditzler, DT Cymerman, A Fulco, CS Lewis, SF Skrinar, GS Sawka, MN TI Effects of intermittent altitude exposure on resting ventilation and acid-base balance at high altitude. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 7 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 4 BP A98 EP A98 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410KA UT WOS:000167438100551 ER PT J AU Uyehara, CFT Burghardt, CA Hashiro, GM Person, DA AF Uyehara, CFT Burghardt, CA Hashiro, GM Person, DA TI After effects of acute alcohol exposure on renal water handling and responsiveness to vasopressin SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, MCHK CI, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 7 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 4 BP A134 EP A134 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410KA UT WOS:000167438100761 ER PT J AU Uyehara, CFT Hashiro, GM Edwards, RM AF Uyehara, CFT Hashiro, GM Edwards, RM TI Decreased renal collecting duct vasopressin V2 receptors and water permeability in spontaneously hypertensive rats SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, MCHK CI CDR TAMC, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. SmithKline Beecham Pharmaceut, Dept Renal Pharmacol, King Of Prussia, PA 19406 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 7 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 4 BP A133 EP A133 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410KA UT WOS:000167438100758 ER PT J AU Young, AJ Castellani, JW Stulz, DA Blanchard, LA O'Brien, C Cadarette, BS Francis, TJ AF Young, AJ Castellani, JW Stulz, DA Blanchard, LA O'Brien, C Cadarette, BS Francis, TJ TI Hypoxic and hypercapnic effects on shivering and vasoconstrictor responses to cold. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Naval Submarine Med Res Lab, Groton, CT USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 7 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 4 BP A94 EP A94 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410KA UT WOS:000167438100530 ER PT J AU Simcic, KJ AF Simcic, KJ TI Tragic events of April 1996 SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Simcic, KJ (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 USA SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD MAR 6 PY 2001 VL 134 IS 5 BP 424 EP 424 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 405ZJ UT WOS:000167190200010 PM 11242504 ER PT J AU Zottick, JM Feuerstein, IM Brazaltis, MP Vaitkus, MA Barko, WF AF Zottick, JM Feuerstein, IM Brazaltis, MP Vaitkus, MA Barko, WF TI Electron beam computed tomography detects coronary artery disease in fit asymptomatic middle-aged individuals SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Off Surg Gen, Washington, DC 20310 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. USA, War Coll, Carlisle, PA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD MAR 6 PY 2001 VL 103 IS 9 MA P25 BP 1355 EP 1355 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 412NX UT WOS:000167562200085 ER PT J AU Morton, DC Forsythe, EW Sun, SS Wood, MC Ervin, MH Kirchner, K AF Morton, DC Forsythe, EW Sun, SS Wood, MC Ervin, MH Kirchner, K TI Thermally stimulated luminescence of SrS : Cu thin films SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PHOSPHORS AB SrS:Cu thin films were evaluated using thermally stimulated luminescence (TSL), photoluminescence (PL), electroluminescence (EL), and charge transfer over a temperature range of 10-850 K. The trap states were measured with and without a BaTa2O6 (BTO) overlayer film. From TSL results, the trap state energies were measured in the range of 0.4 eV, with differences due the BTO overlayer. From the PL, EL, and charge transfer measurements, the light emission and charge transfer decrease at a temperature consistent with the 0.4 eV trap level, demonstrating the importance of the trap states to EL devices. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Planar Amer Inc, Beaverton, OR 97006 USA. RP Morton, DC (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 18 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAR 5 PY 2001 VL 78 IS 10 BP 1400 EP 1402 DI 10.1063/1.1352667 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 405GL UT WOS:000167151300028 ER PT J AU Poston, RW Kesner, K McDonald, JE Vaysburd, AM Emmons, PH AF Poston, RW Kesner, K McDonald, JE Vaysburd, AM Emmons, PH TI Concrete repair material performance - Laboratory study SO ACI MATERIALS JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE creep; modulus of elasticity; repair; shrinkage; strength AB This paper presents the laboratory results of an overall investigation to develop performance criteria for cement-based repair materials. Performance characteristics for dimensionally compatible repair materials based on a review of the literature provided the starting point for the laboratory study. Twelve candidate repair materials were selected for the experimental portion of the project. Each material was subjected to a series of standard and nonstandard laboratory tests to determine which properties were perceived to be of interest in a repair context and to provide some basic information about their behavior: These tests included: a) unrestrained and restrained drying shrinkage; b) modulus of elasticity; c) tensile and compressive creep; d) coefficient of thermal expansion; and e) flexural, compressive, and direct tensile strength. The results of the laboratory investigation provided a basis for the development of performance criteria for cement-based materials that should lead to durable concrete repairs. C1 Whitlock Dalrymple Poston & Associates Inc, Austin, TX USA. Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. US Army, Engn Res Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS USA. RP Poston, RW (reprint author), Whitlock Dalrymple Poston & Associates Inc, Austin, TX USA. NR 4 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CONCRETE INST PI FARMINGTON HILLS PA 38800 INTERNATIONAL WAY, COUNTRY CLUB DRIVE, PO BOX 9094, FARMINGTON HILLS, MI 48333-9094 USA SN 0889-325X J9 ACI MATER J JI ACI Mater. J. PD MAR-APR PY 2001 VL 98 IS 2 BP 137 EP 147 PG 11 WC Construction & Building Technology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Construction & Building Technology; Materials Science GA 422HA UT WOS:000168111400005 ER PT J AU Markwood, TT Kent, SM Coyle, LC Flaherty, PJ O'Malley, PG Taylor, AJ AF Markwood, TT Kent, SM Coyle, LC Flaherty, PJ O'Malley, PG Taylor, AJ TI Design and rationale of the ARBITER trial (Arterial Biology for the Investigation of the Treatment Effects of Reducing Cholesterol) - A randomized trial comparing the effects of atorvastatin and pravastatin on carotid artery intima-media thickness SO AMERICAN HEART JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID COA REDUCTASE INHIBITORS; CORONARY HEART-DISEASE; PLASMA-FIBRINOGEN LEVEL; NITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHASE; PRIMARY HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; RISK FACTOR; THROMBIN GENERATION; LOVASTATIN THERAPY AB Background As a class, statins ore remarkably effective in reducing low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and several of these drugs have now been shown to reduce coronary heart disease morbidity and mortality. However, several important controversies in the use of statins remain to be answered by clinical trials. For example, it is controversial whether marked cholesterol reduction to levels below 100 mg/dL would further reduce the incidence of coronary heart disease. Furthermore, concerns about differences among statins for nonlipid effects has raised the concern that the assumption of: a class effect is premature until head-to-heed clinical trials are completed. Methods Arterial Biology for the investigation for the Treatment Effects of Reducing Cholesterol (ARBITER) is a single-center, randomized, active-controlled study comparing the efficacy of high-dose atorvastatin (80 mg/d) and pravastatin (40 mg/d) in patients being treated for either the primary or secondary prevention of coronary heart disease. This trial will enroll up to 200 patients For the primary end point of the mean change in intima-media thickness of the common carotid artery. This effect will be evaluated over a treatment duration of 12 months. Secondary end points include the effects of statin therapy on inflammatory and hemostatic markers (C-reactive protein and fibrinogen). Conclusion ARBITER will provide important date on the role of marked LDL reduction and the "class effect" theory of statin therapy in cardiovascular medicine. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Cardiol, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Gen Internal Med Serv, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Taylor, AJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Cardiol, Dept Med, Bldg 2,Room 4A, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 51 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0002-8703 J9 AM HEART J JI Am. Heart J. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 141 IS 3 BP 342 EP 347 DI 10.1067/mhj.2001.112784 PG 6 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 408HW UT WOS:000167321600008 PM 11231429 ER PT J AU Taylor, AJ Feuerstein, I Wong, H Barko, W Brazaitis, M O'Malley, PG AF Taylor, AJ Feuerstein, I Wong, H Barko, W Brazaitis, M O'Malley, PG TI Do conventional risk factors predict subclinical coronary artery disease? Results from the prospective army coronary calcium project SO AMERICAN HEART JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID BEAM COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; HEART-DISEASE; ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUE; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; ASYMPTOMATIC MEN; CALCIFICATION; ADULTS; EVENTS; WOMEN; ASSOCIATION AB Background Recent guidelines recommend against the routine use of coronary artery calcification (CAC) detection because the additive value over clinical prediction tools is uncertain. We compared CAC, with use of electron-beam computed tomography (EBCT), with clinical and serologic coronary risk factors for the identification of patients with increased coronary heart disease risk. Methods and Results We studied 630 active-duty CIS Army personnel (39-45 years old) without known coronary artery disease (CAD) who were undergoing a routine physical examination as required by regulations. Each participant underwent clinical and serologic risk factor screening and EBCT. The cohort (mean age 42 +/- 2 years, 82% male) had a low predicted risk of coronary events (mean 5-year Framingham risk index [FRI] 1.6% +/- 1.2%). The prevalence of coronary calcification was 17.6% (male 20.6%, female 4.3%). Significant univariate correlates of CAC were total and low-density lipoprotein [LDL] cholesterol, triglycerides, systolic blood pressure, and body mass index. However, only LDL cholesterol was independently associated with CAC. There was a significant but weak relationship between CAC and the Framingham risk index (FRI) (receiver-operator characteristic [ROC] curve area 0.62 +/- 0.03, P<.001), which was not different from the relationship between CAC and LDL cholesterol alone (ROC curve area 0.61 +/- 0.03, P<.001). The prevalence of any CAC in men increased slightly across increasing quartiles of FRI: 17.0%, 20.8%, 33.0%, and 29.2% (P=.033). Other risk factors (family history, homocysteine, insulin, lipoprotein[a], and fibrinogen) were not related to CAC. Conclusions In this age-homogeneous, low-risk screening cohort, conventional coronary risk factors significantly underestimated the presence of premature, subclinical calcified coronary atherosclerosis. These data support the potential of CAC detection as on anatomic, plaque-burden diagnostic test to identify patients who may require more intensive risk-reduction therapies, independent of predicted clinical risk. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Cardiol, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Taylor, AJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Cardiol, Dept Med, Bldg 2,Room 4A, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 28 TC 88 Z9 91 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0002-8703 J9 AM HEART J JI Am. Heart J. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 141 IS 3 BP 463 EP 468 DI 10.1067/mhj.2001.113069 PG 6 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 408HW UT WOS:000167321600025 PM 11231446 ER PT J AU Abbott, KC Oliver, JD Hypolite, I Lepler, LL Kirk, AD Ko, CW Hawkes, CA Jones, CA Agodoa, LY AF Abbott, KC Oliver, JD Hypolite, I Lepler, LL Kirk, AD Ko, CW Hawkes, CA Jones, CA Agodoa, LY TI Hospitalizations for bacterial septicemia after renal transplantation in the United States SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Article DE septicemia; hospitalization; renal transplant; female; diabetes mellitus; urinary tract infection, complications; duration of dialysis; rejection; antibody induction; delayed graft function; United States Renal Data System ID URINARY-TRACT INFECTION; PROSPECTIVE-PAYMENT SYSTEM; LONG-TERM SURVIVAL; RISK-FACTORS; LIVER-TRANSPLANT; GRAFT FUNCTION; RECIPIENTS; BACTEREMIA; MORTALITY; DIALYSIS AB Background: It is common belief in the transplant community that rates of septicemia in transplant recipients have declined, but this has not been studied in a national population. Methods: Therefore, 33,479 renal transplant recipients in the United States Renal Data System from July 1, 1994 to June 30, 1997 were analyzed in a retrospective registry study of the incidence, associated factors, and mortality of hospitalizations with a primary discharge diagnosis of septicemia (ICD9 Code 038.x). Results: Renal transplant recipients had an adjusted incidence ratio of hospitalizations for septicemia of 41.52 (95% CI 35.45-48.96) compared to the general population. Hospitalizations for septicemia were most commonly associated with urinary tract infection as a secondary diagnosis (30.6%). In multivariate analysis, diabetes and urologic disease, female gender, delayed graft function, rejection, and pre-transplant dialysis, but not induction antibody therapy, were associated with hospitalizations for septicemia. Recipients hospitalized for septicemia had a mean patient survival of 9.03 years (95% CI 7.42-10.63) compared to 15.73 years (95% CI 14.77-16.69) for all other recipients. Conclusions: Even in the modern era, renal transplant recipients remain at high risk for hospitalizations for septicemia, which are associated with substantially decreased patient survival. Newly identified risks in this population were female recipients and pre-transplant dialysis. Copyright (C) 2001 S. KargerAG, Basel. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Pulm Crit Care Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, Sch Med, Cleveland, OH USA. NIDDK, Med Student Res Program, Cleveland, OH USA. NIH, Organ Transplantat Serv, Bethesda, MD USA. NIDCD, Epidemiol Stat & Data Syst Branch, Bethesda, MD USA. NIDDKD, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Abbott, KC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RI Kirk, Allan/B-6905-2012; OI Abbott, Kevin/0000-0003-2111-7112 NR 44 TC 69 Z9 71 U1 0 U2 4 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0250-8095 J9 AM J NEPHROL JI Am. J. Nephrol. PD MAR-APR PY 2001 VL 21 IS 2 BP 120 EP 127 DI 10.1159/000046234 PG 8 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 434QY UT WOS:000168828400006 PM 11359019 ER PT J AU Bahder, TB AF Bahder, TB TI Navigation in curved space-time SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID RELATIVISTIC THEORY; ASTROMETRY; EARTH AB A covariant and invariant theory of navigation in curved space-time with respect to electromagnetic beacons is written in terms of J. L. Synge's two-point invariant world function. Explicit equations are given for navigation in space-time in the vicinity of the Earth in Schwarzschild coordinates and in rotating coordinates. The restricted problem of determining an observer's coordinate time when his or hcl spatial position is known is also considered. (C) 2001 American Association of Physics Teachers. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Bahder, TB (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 38 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0002-9505 J9 AM J PHYS JI Am. J. Phys. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 69 IS 3 BP 315 EP 321 DI 10.1119/1.1326078 PG 7 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Education & Educational Research; Physics GA 404RD UT WOS:000167113700019 ER PT J AU Mense, MG Van de Verg, LL Bhattacharjee, AK Garrett, JL Hart, JA Lindler, LE Hadfield, TL Hoover, DL AF Mense, MG Van de Verg, LL Bhattacharjee, AK Garrett, JL Hart, JA Lindler, LE Hadfield, TL Hoover, DL TI Bacteriologic and histologic features in mice after intranasal inoculation of Brucella melitensis SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID ABORTUS INFECTION; ATTENUATED STRAINS; T-CELLS; IMMUNIZATION; MACROPHAGES; PROTEIN; MOUSE; PROTECTION; DEPLETION; VIRULENT AB Objective-To characterize effects of intranasal inoculation of virulent Brucella melitensis strain 16M in mice. Animals-Female Balb/c mice, 6 to 8 weeks old. Procedure-Studies were designed to elucidate gross morphologic lesions, bacterial burden in target organs, and histologic changes in tissues following experimental intranasal inoculation of mice with B melitensis 16M, which could be used to characterize a model for testing vaccine efficacy. Results-Measurable splenomegaly was evident at 3 and 7 weeks after inoculation. A demonstrable increase in splenic colony-forming units (CFU) from infected mice increased over time with increasing dose when comparing inocula of 10(3), 10(4), and 10(5) CFU. Recovery of brucellae from the lungs was possible early in infection with 10(1), 10(3), and 10(5) CFU, but only the group inoculated with 10(5) CFU consistently yielded quantifiable bacteria. At a dose of 10(1) CFU, few organisms were located in the spleen. Bacteria were recovered up to 140 days after inoculation in mice given 10(3) CFU. At an inoculum of 10(5) CFU, bacterial counts were highest early in infection. Histologic examination of tissues revealed an increase in white pulp and marginal zone in the spleen and lymphohistiocytic hepatitis. Conclusion and Clinical Relevance-Changes in the spleen and fiver increased with increases in dose and with increased time following intranasal inoculation with B melitensis 16M. Surprisingly, histologic changes were not observed in the lungs of inoculated mice. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Diagnost Pathol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Bacterial Dis, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Infect & Parasit Dis, Washington, DC 20306 USA. RP Mense, MG (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Diagnost Pathol, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 38 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 USA SN 0002-9645 J9 AM J VET RES JI Am. J. Vet. Res. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 62 IS 3 BP 398 EP 405 DI 10.2460/ajvr.2001.62.398 PG 8 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 407QV UT WOS:000167283000019 PM 11277206 ER PT J AU Pan, YL Pinnick, RG Hill, SC Niles, S Holler, S Bottiger, JR Wolf, JP Chang, RK AF Pan, YL Pinnick, RG Hill, SC Niles, S Holler, S Bottiger, JR Wolf, JP Chang, RK TI Dynamics of photon-induced degradation and fluorescence in riboflavin microparticles SO APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS LA English DT Article ID PHOTOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES; UV FLUORESCENCE; FLAVINS; LASER; PHOTOCHEMISTRY; ISOALLOXAZINES; RESOLUTION; SPECTRA; CELLS AB An unexpected blue-fluorescence band (around 420 nm) from both micrometer-sized dried particles and aqueous droplets of riboflavin [7,8-dimethyl-10-(D-1'-ribityl)-isoalloxazine] is observed when the microparticles are irradiated with a pulsed UV (355- or 351-nm) laser. The intensity of the band increases quadratically with input laser energy density (fluence) and is attributable to a one-photon-excited fluorescence of lumichrome (7,8-dimethylalloxazine) that is produced by photo-degradation of riboflavin. The well-known greenish-yellow fluorescence band (at 560nm for dried particles and 535nm for aqueous droplets) from riboflavin increases sublinearly with UV-laser fluence, With a laser input fluence above 5 J/cm(2) the riboflavin fluorescence decays earlier and the lumichrome fluorescence reaches a maximum later than the peak of the input laser pulse. The temporal dynamics of the 420- and 535-nm fluorescence peaks are consistent with a rate-equation simulation of photon-induced conversion of riboflavin to lumichrome and the subsequent fluorescence of lumichrome. C1 Univ Lyon 1, LASIM, UMR5579, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France. New Mexico State Univ, Phys Sci Lab, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Yale Univ, Dept Appl Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Yale Univ, Ctr Laser Diagnost, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Wolf, JP (reprint author), Univ Lyon 1, LASIM, UMR5579, 43 Bd 11 Novembre, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France. RI Wolf, Jean-Pierre/B-8315-2012 OI Wolf, Jean-Pierre/0000-0003-3729-958X NR 30 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 7 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0946-2171 J9 APPL PHYS B-LASERS O JI Appl. Phys. B-Lasers Opt. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 72 IS 4 BP 449 EP 454 PG 6 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA 416RZ UT WOS:000167795100011 ER PT J AU Meffert, JJ Anthony, JS AF Meffert, JJ Anthony, JS TI Butcher's warts: Dermatological heritage or testable misinformation? SO ARCHIVES OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio Uniformed Serv, Hlth Educ Consortium, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Meffert, JJ (reprint author), 19626 Encino Knoll, San Antonio, TX 78259 USA. NR 3 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-987X J9 ARCH DERMATOL JI Arch. Dermatol. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 137 IS 3 BP 384 EP 385 PG 2 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 410LM UT WOS:000167441500039 PM 11255362 ER PT J AU Battiata, AP Vander Ark, W Adair, C Mair, E AF Battiata, AP Vander Ark, W Adair, C Mair, E TI Quiz case - Diagnosis: Intranasal glomus tumor SO ARCHIVES OF OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD & NECK SURGERY LA English DT Article C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Battiata, AP (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0886-4470 J9 ARCH OTOLARYNGOL JI Arch. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 127 IS 3 BP 329 EP 330 PG 2 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA 410KY UT WOS:000167440200015 PM 11255481 ER PT J AU O'Connell, RL AF O'Connell, RL TI Arming America: The origins of a national gun culture. SO ARMED FORCES & SOCIETY LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Natl Ground Intelligence Ctr, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP O'Connell, RL (reprint author), USA, Natl Ground Intelligence Ctr, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU TRANSACTION PERIOD CONSORTIUM PI PISCATAWAY PA DEPT 4010, RUTGERS UNIV, 35 BERRUE CIRCLE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08854-8042 USA SN 0095-327X J9 ARMED FORCES SOC JI Armed Forces Soc. PD SPR PY 2001 VL 27 IS 3 BP 487 EP 491 DI 10.1177/0095327X0102700309 PG 5 WC Political Science; Sociology SC Government & Law; Sociology GA 445VC UT WOS:000169478400012 ER PT J AU Levesque, J AF Levesque, J TI The economics of World War II: Six great powers in international comparison. SO ARMED FORCES & SOCIETY LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Levesque, J (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TRANSACTION PERIOD CONSORTIUM PI PISCATAWAY PA DEPT 4010, RUTGERS UNIV, 35 BERRUE CIRCLE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08854-8042 USA SN 0095-327X J9 ARMED FORCES SOC JI Armed Forces Soc. PD SPR PY 2001 VL 27 IS 3 BP 492 EP 494 PG 3 WC Political Science; Sociology SC Government & Law; Sociology GA 445VC UT WOS:000169478400013 ER PT J AU Abernethy, DR Wesche, DL Barbey, JT Ohrt, C Mohanty, S Pezzullo, JC Schuster, BG AF Abernethy, DR Wesche, DL Barbey, JT Ohrt, C Mohanty, S Pezzullo, JC Schuster, BG TI Stereoselective halofantrine disposition and effect: concentration-related QTc prolongation SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE halofantrine; QTc; stereoselective clearance ID EXTENDED-DOSE HALOFANTRINE; FALCIPARUM-MALARIA; PHARMACOKINETICS; PLASMA; ENANTIOMERS; WR-171,669; VOLUNTEERS; EFFICACY; THAILAND; INTERVAL AB Aims 1) To characterize the variability of multiple-dose halofantrine pharmacokinetics over time in healthy adults, 2) to correlate the pharmacodynamic measure electrocardiographic (ECG) QT interval with (+)- and (-)-halofantrine plasma concentration and 3) to evaluate the safety and tolerance of halofantrine hydrochloride given over tints to healthy adults. Methods Twenty-one healthy subjects were enrolled and 13 completed the study (180 days). Subjects received either 500 mg of racemic halofantrine once daily in the fasted state for 42 days, or placebo, and then halofantrine washout was documented for the following 138 days. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic (ECG QTc) measurements were obtained. Results Mean accumulation half-times (days) for halofantrine were: 7.0 +/- 4.8 [(+)- halofantrine] and 7.3 +/- 4.8 [(-)-halofantrine]. Mean steady-state concentrations were. 97.6 +/- 52.0 ng ml(-1) [( +)-halofantrine] and 48.5 +/- 20.8 [(-)-halofantrine]. Steady-state oral clearance was: 139 +/- 73 l h(-1) [(+)-halofantrine] and 265 +/- 135 l h(-1) [(-)-halofantrine]. Peak plasma concentrations of both (+)- and (-)-halofantrine were attained at 6 h and maximal ECG QTc prolongation was at 4-8 h following drug administration. Fourteen of 16 subjects who received active drug had ECG QTc prolongation that was positively correlated with both (+)- and (-)-halofantrine concentration. The five subjects who received placebo had no demonstrable change in ECG QTc throughout the study. Conclusions Halofantrine accumulates extensively and shows high intersubject pharmacokinetic variability, is associated with concentration-related ECG QTc prolongation in healthy subjects, and is clinically well tolerated in this subject group. C1 Georgetown Univ, Sch Med, Dept Clin Pharmacol, Washington, DC USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Abernethy, DR (reprint author), NIA, Gerontol Res Ctr, 5600 Nathan Shock Dr, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA. NR 32 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0306-5251 J9 BRIT J CLIN PHARMACO JI Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 51 IS 3 BP 231 EP 237 DI 10.1046/j.1365-2125.2001.00351.x PG 7 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 415PU UT WOS:000167732500007 PM 11298069 ER PT J AU Shedd, TR van der Schalie, WH Widder, MW Burton, DT Burrows, EP AF Shedd, TR van der Schalie, WH Widder, MW Burton, DT Burrows, EP TI Long-term operation of an automated fish biomonitoring system for continuous effluent acute toxicity surveillance SO BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 USA, Ctr Environm Hlth Res, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. Geocenters Inc, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Univ Maryland, Wye Res & Educ Ctr, Queenstown, MD 21658 USA. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Shedd, TR (reprint author), USA, Ctr Environm Hlth Res, 568 Doughten Dr, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 9 TC 20 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 7 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0007-4861 J9 B ENVIRON CONTAM TOX JI Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 66 IS 3 BP 392 EP 399 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 403TX UT WOS:000167059500018 PM 11178656 ER PT J AU Hodges, MC Rollefson, WA Sample, SA Rubal, BJ Stajduhar, KC AF Hodges, MC Rollefson, WA Sample, SA Rubal, BJ Stajduhar, KC TI Comparison of low-volume versus standard-volume left ventriculography SO CATHETERIZATION AND CARDIOVASCULAR INTERVENTIONS LA English DT Article DE ventriculography; ejection fraction; ventricular ectopy ID HALO CATHETER AB Left ventriculography provides useful information about cardiac function, wall motion, and mitral regurgitation (MR). However, standard volumes of contrast agent frequently are associated with ventricular ectopy. This study compares the use of low-volume (Low-vol) ventriculography to standard volume (Std-vol) ventriculography, Left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF), changes in LV end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP), the incidence of ectopy, and >2+ MR were prospectively determined from the random order use of standard (15 mL/ second for 3 sec) and low-volume (15 mL/sec for 1 sec) contrast agents in 102 patients. Each patient served as his or her own control. Twenty-seven percent of the 204 ventriculograms were not interpretable due to ectopy. Ectopy greater than or equal to 3 beats was more common with Std-vol angiograms (41% vs. 14%, P < 0.001). Postinjection LVEDP increased from baseline after both Std-vol and Low-vol injections (P <0.001). In patients for whom both angiograms could be interpreted (n = 58), no differences were noted between planimetered EFs (Low-vol = 61 +/- 20% vs. Std-vol = 62 +/- 20%, with r = 0.87; P < 0.001). A Bland-Altman test of agreement indicated a mean difference +/- 95% Cl = -2 +/- 19%. Low-volume ventriculography reduces contrast load and ectopy while providing similar estimates of EF compared with standard volumes. Published 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc.(). C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, MDC, MCHE, Serv Cardiol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Rollefson, WA (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, MDC, MCHE, Serv Cardiol, 851 Roger Brooke Dr,Bldg 3600, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 14 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 1522-1946 J9 CATHETER CARDIO INTE JI Catheter. Cardiovasc. Interv. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 52 IS 3 BP 314 EP 319 DI 10.1002/ccd.1072 PG 6 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 407AJ UT WOS:000167249000010 PM 11246243 ER PT J AU Jorgenson, MT Racine, CH Walters, JC Osterkamp, TE AF Jorgenson, MT Racine, CH Walters, JC Osterkamp, TE TI Permafrost degradation and ecological changes associated with a warming climate in central Alaska SO CLIMATIC CHANGE LA English DT Article ID CONTINENTAL WESTERN CANADA; INTERIOR ALASKA; NORTHERN-HEMISPHERE; GROUND TEMPERATURES; FOREST-FIRE; PEATLANDS; USA; DISEQUILIBRIUM AB Studies from 1994-1998 on the Tanana Flats in central Alaska reveal that permafrost degradation is widespread and rapid, causing large shifts in ecosystems from birch forests to fens and bogs. Fine-grained soils under the birch forest are ice-rich and thaw settlement typically is 1-2.5 m after the permafrost thaws. The collapsed areas are rapidly colonized by aquatic herbaceous plants, leading to the development of a thick, floating organic mat. Based on field sampling of soils, permafrost and vegetation, and the construction of a GIS database, we estimate that 17% of the study area (263,964 ha) is unfrozen with no previous permafrost, 48% has stable permafrost, 31% is partially degraded, and 4% has totally degraded. For that portion that currently has, or recently had, permafrost (83% of area), similar to 42% has been affected by thermokarst development. Based on airphoto analysis, birch forests have decreased 35% and fens have increased 29% from 1949 to 1995. Overall, the area with totally degraded permafrost (collapse-scar fens and bogs) has increased from 39 to 47% in 46 y. Based on rates of change from airphoto analysis and radiocarbon dating, we estimate 83% of the degradation occurred before 1949. Evidence indicates this permafrost degradation began in the mid-1700s and is associated with periods of relatively warm climate during the mid-late 1700s and 1900s. If current conditions persist, the remaining lowland birch forests will be eliminated by the end of the next century. C1 ABR Inc, Fairbanks, AK 99708 USA. USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Univ No Iowa, Dept Earth Sci, Cedar Falls, IA 50614 USA. Univ Alaska, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. RP Jorgenson, MT (reprint author), ABR Inc, POB 80410, Fairbanks, AK 99708 USA. NR 70 TC 321 Z9 368 U1 21 U2 138 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-0009 J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE JI Clim. Change PD MAR PY 2001 VL 48 IS 4 BP 551 EP 579 DI 10.1023/A:1005667424292 PG 29 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 396DA UT WOS:000166620000003 ER PT J AU Katial, RK Hershey, J Purohit-Seth, T Belisle, JT Brennan, PJ Spencer, JS Engler, RJM AF Katial, RK Hershey, J Purohit-Seth, T Belisle, JT Brennan, PJ Spencer, JS Engler, RJM TI Cell-mediated immune response to tuberculosis antigens: Comparison of skin testing and measurement of in vitro gamma interferon production in whole-blood culture SO CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC LABORATORY IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; BOVINE TUBERCULOSIS; INFECTION; PROTEIN; ASSAY; DIAGNOSIS; SENSITIVITY; SPECIFICITY; RISK; ACID AB Although delayed-type hypersensitivity skin testing with tuberculin purified protein derivative (PPD) is the standard for tuberculosis screening, its variability suggests the need far a more sensitive, noninvasive test. An in vitro whole-blood assay has been proposed as an alternative. Using health care worker volunteers, we confirmed the correlation between PPD skin test (PPD-ST) results (positive, induration of >15 mm) and a standardized gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) assay, QuantiFERON-TB (Q-IFN), manufactured by CSL Biosciences in Australia, and we evaluated Mycobacterium tuberculosis culture subfractions as potential substitutes for PPD, Twenty healthy volunteers with positive PPD-ST results and 20 PPD-ST-negative controls were enrolled, Whole blood was cultured with human PPD antigens (HuPPD), Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) PPD, phytohemagglutinin (PHA), and four M. tuberculosis culture subfractions: low-molecular-weight culture, filtrate, culture filtrate without lipoarabinomannan, soluble cell wall proteins, and cytosolic proteins, all developed from M. tuberculosis strain H37RV. Secretion of IFN-gamma (expressed as international units per milliliter) was measured by an enzyme immunoassay, The PPD or subculture fraction response as a percentage of the PHA response was used to determine positivity. Sixteen of 20 PPD-ST-positive individuals were classified as M. tuberculosis positive by Q-IFN, and 1 was classified as MAC positive. Sixteen of 20 PPD-ST-negative individuals were M. tuberculosis negative by Q-IFN, 2 were MAC positive, and 2 were M. tuberculosis positive, The tuberculosis culture subfractions stimulated IFN-gamma production in PPD-ST-positive volunteers, and significant differences could be seen between the two PPD-ST groups with all subfractions except soluble cell wall protein; however, the response was variable and no better than the Q-IFN PPD. The agreement between the Q-IFN test and the PPD ST was good (Cohen's kappa = 0.73), The Q-IFN assay can be a useful tool in further studies of immune responses to M. tuberculosis antigens. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Allergy Immunol Clin, Allergy Immunol Dept, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Colorado State Univ, Dept Microbiol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Katial, RK (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Allergy Immunol Clin, Allergy Immunol Dept, 6900 Georgia Ave, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RI Belisle, John/B-8944-2017 OI Belisle, John/0000-0002-2539-2798 NR 32 TC 30 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1071-412X J9 CLIN DIAGN LAB IMMUN JI Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 8 IS 2 BP 339 EP 345 DI 10.1128/CDLI.8.2.339-345.2001 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 409FF UT WOS:000167373300021 PM 11238218 ER PT J AU Krakauer, T AF Krakauer, T TI Suppression of endotoxin- and staphylococcal exotoxin-induced cytokines and chemokines by a phospholipase C inhibitor in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells SO CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC LABORATORY IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; CLASS-II MOLECULES; SEPTIC SHOCK; FUSION PROTEIN; ENTEROTOXIN-B; RECEPTOR; SUPERANTIGENS; INTERLEUKIN-1; ACTIVATION; MECHANISMS AB Excessive release of proinflammatory cytokines from cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or staphylococcal exotoxin (SE) mediates the pathophysiologic manifestations of septic shock. Tricyclodecan-9-yl (D609), an inhibitor of phosphatidylcholine-specific phospholipase C, suppressed LPS- or SE-induced cytokines and chemokines in human;peripheral blood mononuclear cells. These data suggest a potential role for D609 in the treatment of septic shock. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Immunol & Mol Biol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Krakauer, T (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Immunol & Mol Biol, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 22 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1071-412X J9 CLIN DIAGN LAB IMMUN JI Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 8 IS 2 BP 449 EP 453 DI 10.1128/CDLI.8.2.449-453.2001 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 409FF UT WOS:000167373300041 PM 11238238 ER PT J AU Walsh, DS Prieto-Go, D Abalos, RM Tuur-Saunders, SM Villahermosa, LG Jabien, Z Walsh, GP Fajardo, TT AF Walsh, DS Prieto-Go, D Abalos, RM Tuur-Saunders, SM Villahermosa, LG Jabien, Z Walsh, GP Fajardo, TT TI Malignant T-cell lymphoma mimicking lepromatous leprosy SO CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article AB We describe a 16-year-old Filipino boy who presented with skin lesions highly suggestive of lepromatous leprosy, but further assessment established a diagnosis of malignant T-cell lymphoma. This case emphasizes the extensive differential diagnosis of leprosy. as well as the importance of obtaining skin biopsies for diagnostic confirmation. C1 USA, Dept Immunol & Med, Med Component, Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok, Thailand. So Isl Gen Hosp, Cebu City, Philippines. Amer Leprosy Fdn, Leonard Wood Mem Ctr Leprosy Res, Cebu City, Philippines. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Dermatopathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. RP Walsh, DS (reprint author), AFRIMS, APO, AP 96546 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0307-6938 J9 CLIN EXP DERMATOL JI Clin. Exp. Dermatol. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 26 IS 2 BP 173 EP 175 DI 10.1046/j.1365-2230.2001.00788.x PG 3 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 422NT UT WOS:000168125700010 PM 11298109 ER PT J AU Hamilos, DL Nutter, D Gershtenson, J Ikle, D Hamilos, SS Redmond, DP Di Clementi, JD Schmaling, KB Jones, JF AF Hamilos, DL Nutter, D Gershtenson, J Ikle, D Hamilos, SS Redmond, DP Di Clementi, JD Schmaling, KB Jones, JF TI Circadian rhythm of core body temperature in subjects with chronic fatigue syndrome SO CLINICAL PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE circadian rhythm; temperature; chronic fatigue syndrome; core; ARMA ID DEPRESSION; DISORDERS; PHASE; VALIDITY; SLEEP; WORK AB The pathophysiological basis for chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) remains poorly understood. Certain symptoms of CFS, namely fatigue, neurocognitive symptoms and sleep disturbance, are similar to those of acute jet lag and shift work syndromes thus raising the possibility that CFS might be a condition associated with disturbances in endogenous circadian rhythms. In this study, we tested this hypothesis by examining the circadian rhythm of core body temperature (CBT) in CFS and control subjects. Continuous recordings of CBT were obtained every 5 min over 48 h in a group of 10 subjects who met the Center for Disease Control (CDC) definition of CFS and 10 normal control subjects. Subjects in the two groups were age, sex and weight-matched and were known to have normal basal metabolic rates and thyroid function. CBT recordings were performed under ambulatory conditions in a clinical research centre with the use of an ingestible radio frequency transmitter pill and a belt-worn receiver-logger. CBT time series were analysed by a cosinor analysis and by a harmonic-regression-plus-correlated model to estimate the mean, amplitude and phase angle of the rhythm. The goodness of fit of each model was also compared using the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) and sigma (2). Average parameters for each group were compared by Student's t-test. By cosinor analysis, the only significant difference between CFS and control groups was in the phase angle of the third harmonic (P = 0.02). The optimal harmonic-regression-plus-correlated-noise models selected were ARMA(1,1): control 7, CFS 6; ARMA(2,0): control 1, CFS 4; and ARMA(2,1): control 2 subjects. The optimal fit ARMA model contained two harmonics in eight of 10 control subjects but was more variable in the CFS subjects (1 harmonic: 5 subjects; 2 harmonics: 1 subject; 3 harmonics: 4 subjects). The goodness of fit measures for the optimal ARMA model were also better in the control than the CFS group, but the differences were not statistically significant. We conclude that, measured under ambulatory conditions, the circadian rhythm of CBT in CFS is nearly indistinguishable from that of normal control subjects although there was a tendency for greater variability in the rhythm. Hence, it is unlikely that the symptoms of CFS are because of disturbance in the circadian rhythm of CBT. C1 Washington Univ, Sch Med, Div Allergy & Immunol, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. Natl Jewish Med & Res Ctr, Denver, CO USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neuropsychol, Washington, DC USA. RP Hamilos, DL (reprint author), Washington Univ, Sch Med, Div Allergy & Immunol, 660 S Euclid Ave, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. RI Schmaling, Karen/F-5217-2011 OI Schmaling, Karen/0000-0003-2085-134X NR 37 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0144-5979 J9 CLIN PHYSIOL JI Clin. Physiol. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 21 IS 2 BP 184 EP 195 DI 10.1046/j.1365-2281.2001.00321.x PG 12 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA 426ZN UT WOS:000168380400007 PM 11318826 ER PT J AU Hamilton, DG Ebersole, BA AF Hamilton, DG Ebersole, BA TI Establishing uniform longshore currents in a large-scale sediment transport facility SO COASTAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE longshore currents; surf zone currents; wave and current measurements; laboratory experiments; large-scale laboratory facility AB A large-scale laboratory facility for conducting research on surf-zone sediment transport processes has been constructed at the U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center. Successful execution of sediment transport experiments, which attempt to replicate some of the important coastal processes found on long straight beaches, requires a method for establishing the proper longshore current. An active pumping and recirculation system comprised of 20 independent pumps and pipelines is used to control the cross-shore distribution of the mean longshore current. Pumping rates are adjusted in an iterative manner to converge toward the proper settings, based on measurements along the beach. Two recirculation criteria proposed by Visser [Coastal Eng. 15 (1991) 563] were also used, and they provided additional evidence that the proper total longshore flow rate in the surf zone was obtained. The success of the external recirculation system and its operational procedure, and the degree of longshore uniformity achieved along the beach, are the subjects of this paper. To evaluate the performance of the recirculation system, and as a precursor to sediment transport experiments, two comprehensive test series were conducted on a concrete beach with straight and parallel contours (1:30 slope), one using regular waves and the other using irregular waves. In the regular wave case, the wave period was 2.5 s and the average wave height at breaking was approximately 0.25 m. In the irregular wave case, the peak wave period was 2.5 s and the significant breaking wave height was approximately 0.21 m. The longshore current recirculation system proved to be very effective in establishing uniform mean longshore currents along the beach in both cases. This facility and the data presented here are unique for the following reasons: (1) the high cross-shore resolution of the recirculation system and the ease with which changes can be made to the longshore current distribution, (2) the degree of longshore uniformity achieved as a percentage of the length of the basin (even near the downdrift boundary), (3) the scale of the wave conditions generated, and (3) the relatively gentle beach slope used in the experiments (compared to previous laboratory studies of the longshore current). Measured data are provided in an appendix for use in theoretical studies and numerical model development and validation. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Hamilton, DG (reprint author), C5-310 Cain Ridge Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 22 TC 38 Z9 41 U1 2 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-3839 J9 COAST ENG JI Coast. Eng. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 42 IS 3 BP 199 EP 218 DI 10.1016/S0378-3839(00)00059-4 PG 20 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean SC Engineering GA 404HF UT WOS:000167090800001 ER PT J AU Schwab, RA McCollough, ML AF Schwab, RA McCollough, ML TI Acquired vulvar lymphangiomas: A sequela of radiation therapy SO CUTIS LA English DT Article ID CIRCUMSCRIPTUM AB Lymphangiomas of the vulva are rare clinical entities. Acquired or secondary lymphangiomas have characteristically been reported after radiation therapy for cervical carcinoma and appear on the vulva years after this treatment. Local surgery, scrofuloderma, and Crohn's disease may also damage vulvar lymphatic flow and lead to the development of vulvar lymphangiomas. We report a case of acquired vulvar lymphangiomas that occurred in a patient 15 years after she received radiation therapy for squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Schwab, RA (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 12 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 650 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD MAR PY 2001 VL 67 IS 3 BP 239 EP 240 PG 2 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 412BV UT WOS:000167534900010 PM 11270298 ER PT J AU Wolter, SD Schlesser, R Okuzumi, F Prater, JT Sitar, Z AF Wolter, SD Schlesser, R Okuzumi, F Prater, JT Sitar, Z TI Process optimization in the low-pressure flat flame growth of diamond SO DIAMOND AND RELATED MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th European Conference on Diamond, Diamond-like Materials, Carbon Nanotubes, Nitrides and Silicon Carbide (Diamond 2000) CY SEP 03-08, 2000 CL OPORTO, PORTUGAL SP De Beers Ind Diamonds (UK) Ltd, GFD Gesell Diamantprod mbH, Philips Res Labs, Elsevier Sci DE diamond deposition; combustion growth; morphology; Raman spectroscopy ID DEPOSITION; NUCLEATION; MORPHOLOGY; SILICON; FILMS AB The influence of oxy-acetylene gas mixture (O-2/C2H2 gas ratio - 0.95:1.06) and substrate temperature (ranging from 650 to 850 degreesC) on diamond growth in the low-pressure flat flame is reported. Deconvolution of the Raman spectra was employed to qualitatively estimate the ratio of diamond-to-non-diamond carbon in the film deposits by an area comparison of these discriminate peaks. The diamond crystallinity was assessed quantitatively by a determination of the full-width-at-half-maximum of the 1332 cm(-1) Raman line representing sp(3)-bonded carbon. An optimum oxygen/acetylene molar ratio of similar to 1.05 and substrate temperature of 650-750 degreesC were observed for limiting both the non-diamond carbon content and a deterioration in the diamond crystallinity. The crystallite morphology was also evaluated as a function of this same parametric regime based on assignment of the parameter alpha describing growth rate competition between the {100} and {111} faces. The collective data indicates the process conditions required to produce the optimum in film quality according to a desired him morphology. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Wolter, SD (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Box 7907, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-9635 J9 DIAM RELAT MATER JI Diam. Relat. Mat. PD MAR-JUL PY 2001 VL 10 IS 3-7 SI SI BP 289 EP 294 DI 10.1016/S0925-9635(00)00477-5 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 432ZJ UT WOS:000168730600003 ER PT J AU Scheiblhofer, S Chen, DF Weiss, R Khan, F Mostbock, S Fegeding, K Leitner, WW Thalhamer, J Lyon, JA AF Scheiblhofer, S Chen, DF Weiss, R Khan, F Mostbock, S Fegeding, K Leitner, WW Thalhamer, J Lyon, JA TI Removal of the circumsporozoite protein (CSP) glycosylphosphatidylinositol signal sequence from a CSP DNA vaccine enhances induction of CSP-specific Th2 type immune responses and improves protection against malaria infection SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE circumsporozoite protein; glycosyl phosphatidylinositol anchor; DNA vaccine; gene gun ID GENETIC IMMUNIZATION; ANTIBODY-RESPONSES; CELLULAR LOCATION; ANTIGEN; PLASMID; LYMPHOCYTE; ATTACHMENT; SURFACE AB The C terminus of the circumsporozoite protein (CSP) is anchored to the parasite cell membrane by a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) glycolipid. This GPI signal sequence functions poorly in heterologous eukaryotic cells, causing CSP retention within internal cell organelles during genetic immunization. Cellular location of antigen has quantitative and qualitative effects on immune responses induced by genetic immunization. Removal of the GPI signal sequence had a profound effect on induction and efficacy of CSP-specific immune response after genetic immunization of BALB/c mice with a gene gun. The CSP produced from the plasmid lacking the GP[ anchor signal sequence (CSP-A) was secreted and soluble, but that produced by the CSP;A plasmid was not. The CSP-A plasmid induced a highly polarized Th2 type response, in which the CSP-specific IgG antibody titer was three- to fourfold higher, and the protective effect was significantly greater than that induced by the CSP+A plasmid. Thus, these two physical forms of CSP induced quantitatively and qualitatively different immune responses that also differed in protective efficacy. Engineering plasmid constructs for proper cellular localization of gene products is a primary consideration for the preparation of optimally efficacious DNA vaccines. C1 Salzburg Univ, Inst Chem & Biochem, Immunol Grp, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Thalhamer, J (reprint author), Salzburg Univ, Inst Chem & Biochem, Immunol Grp, Hellbrunnerstr 34, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria. RI Leitner, Wolfgang/F-5741-2011; Weiss, Richard/N-7279-2013; Thalhamer, Josef/E-5787-2011 OI Leitner, Wolfgang/0000-0003-3125-5922; Weiss, Richard/0000-0003-3185-7253; Thalhamer, Josef/0000-0003-2285-6400 NR 21 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI BERLIN PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0014-2980 J9 EUR J IMMUNOL JI Eur. J. Immunol. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 31 IS 3 BP 692 EP 698 DI 10.1002/1521-4141(200103)31:3<692::AID-IMMU692>3.0.CO;2-Y PG 7 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 413KT UT WOS:000167611900003 PM 11241272 ER PT J AU Frew, DJ Forrestal, MJ Chen, W AF Frew, DJ Forrestal, MJ Chen, W TI A split Hopkinson pressure bar technique to determine compressive stress-strain data for rock materials SO EXPERIMENTAL MECHANICS LA English DT Article DE Hopkinson bar; pulse shaping; rock materials; high strain rate ID RATES AB This paper presents a split Hopkinson pressure bar technique to obtain compressive stress-strain data for rock materials. This technique modifies the conventional split Hopkinson bar apparatus by placing a thin copper disk on the impact surface of the incident bar. When the striker bar impacts the copper disk, a nondispersive ramp pulse propagates in the incident bar and produces a nearly constant strain rate in a rock sample. Data from experiments with limestone show that the samples are in dynamic stress equilibrium and have constant strain rates over most of the test durations. In addition, the ramp pulse durations can be controlled such that samples are unloaded just prior to failure. Thus, intact samples that experience strains beyond the elastic region and postpeak stresses can be retrieved for microstructural evaluations. The paper also presents analytical models that predict the time durations for sample equilibrium and constant strain rate. Model predictions are in good agreement with measurements. C1 USA, Waterways Expt Stn, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Struct Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Tech Staff, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Univ Arizona, Dept Aerosp & Mech Engn, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Frew, DJ (reprint author), USA, Waterways Expt Stn, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Struct Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 19 TC 133 Z9 158 U1 2 U2 29 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0014-4851 EI 1741-2765 J9 EXP MECH JI Exp. Mech. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 41 IS 1 BP 40 EP 46 DI 10.1007/BF02323102 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science; Mechanics GA 403EE UT WOS:000167029000005 ER PT J AU Morocz, IA Zientara, GP Gudbjartsson, H Muza, S Lyons, T Rock, PB Kikinis, R Jolesz, FA AF Morocz, IA Zientara, GP Gudbjartsson, H Muza, S Lyons, T Rock, PB Kikinis, R Jolesz, FA TI Volumetric quantification of brain swelling after hypobaric hypoxia exposure SO EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article DE magnetic resonance imaging; volumetric study; brain edema; acute mountain sickness ID ACUTE MOUNTAIN-SICKNESS; INTRACRANIAL COMPARTMENT VOLUMES; ALTITUDE CEREBRAL EDEMA; MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; DEXAMETHASONE; RELAXATION; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; INFARCTION; ILLNESS; WATER AB We applied a novel MR imaging technique to investigate the effect of acute mountain sickness on cerebral tissue water. Nine volunteers were exposed to hypobaric hypoxia corresponding to 4572 m altitude for 32 h. Such an exposure may cause acute mountain sickness. We imaged the brains of the volunteers before and at 32 h of hypobaric exposure with two different MRI techniques with subsequent data processing. (1) Brain volumes were calculated from 3D MRI data sets by applying a computerized brain segmentation algorithm. For this specific purpose a novel adaptive 3D segmentation program was used with an automatic correction algorithm for RF field inhomogeneity. (2) T-2 decay rates were analyzed in the white matter. The results demonstrated that a significant brain swelling of 36.2 +/- 19.6 mi (2.77 +/- 1.47%, n = 9, P < 0.001) developed after the 32-h hypobaric hypoxia exposure with a maximal observed volume increase of 5.8% (71.3 mi). These volume changes were significant only for the gray matter structures in contrast to the unremarkable changes seen in the white matter. The same study repeated 3 weeks later in 6 of 9 original subjects demonstrated that the brains recovered and returned approximately to the initially determined sea-level brain volume while hypobaric hypoxia exposure once again led to a significant new brain swelling (24.1 +/- 12.1 mi, 1.92 +/- 0.96%, n = 6, P < 0.005). On the contrary, the T-2 mapping technique did not reveal any significant effect of hypobaria on white matter. We present here a technique which is able to detect reversible brain volume changes as they may occur in patients with diffuse brain edema or increased cerebral blood volume, and which may represent a useful noninvasive tool for future evaluations of antiedematous drugs, (C) 2001 Academic Press. C1 Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Radiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Jolesz, FA (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Radiol, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 USA. NR 47 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 1 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0014-4886 J9 EXP NEUROL JI Exp. Neurol. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 168 IS 1 BP 96 EP 104 DI 10.1006/exnr.2000.7596 PG 9 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 406ER UT WOS:000167202400008 PM 11170724 ER PT J AU Clarkson, ED Zawada, WM Bell, KP Esplen, JE Choi, PK Heidenreich, KA Freed, CR AF Clarkson, ED Zawada, WM Bell, KP Esplen, JE Choi, PK Heidenreich, KA Freed, CR TI IGF-I and bFGF improve dopamine neuron survival and behavioral outcome in parkinsonian rats receiving cultured human fetal tissue strands SO EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Parkinson's disease; human fetal tissue; 6-OHDA; transplantation; IGF-I; bFGF ID FIBROBLAST GROWTH-FACTOR; PROGRAMMED CELL-DEATH; REDUCES APOPTOSIS; SUBSTANTIA-NIGRA; GRAFT-SURVIVAL; MESENCEPHALIC TISSUE; BRAIN-TISSUE; DISEASE; TRANSPLANTATION; VITRO AB To promote dopamine cell survival in human fetal tissue strands transplanted into immunosuppressed 6-OHDA-lesioned rats, we have preincubated tissue in insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I, 150 ng/ml) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF, 15 ng/ml) in vitro for 2 weeks. Growth factor treatment did not affect the rate of homovanillic acid production in vitro but increased overall dopamine neuron survival in animals after transplant from 1240 +/- 250 to 2380 +/- 440 neurons (P < 0.05). Animals in the growth factor-treated group had a significantly greater reduction in methamphetamine-induced rotation (66%) compared to control transplants (30%, P < 0.05). We conclude that in vitro preincubation of human fetal tissue strands with IGF-I and bFGF improves dopamine cell survival and the behavioral outcome of transplants. (C) 2001 Academic Press. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, MCMR UV DB, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Vet Adm Med Ctr, Denver, CO 80220 USA. Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Program Neurosci, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Div Clin Pharmacol, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Dept Pharmacol, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Dept Med, Denver, CO 80262 USA. RP Clarkson, ED (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, MCMR UV DB, 3100 Ricketts Point Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [M01 RR00069]; NINDS NIH HHS [R01 NS29982, R01 NS38619, R01 NS18639] NR 61 TC 26 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0014-4886 J9 EXP NEUROL JI Exp. Neurol. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 168 IS 1 BP 183 EP 191 DI 10.1006/exnr.2000.7593 PG 9 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 406ER UT WOS:000167202400017 PM 11170733 ER PT J AU Doyle, RD AF Doyle, RD TI Effects of waves on the early growth of Vallisneria americana SO FRESHWATER BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE aquatic macrophyte; hydraulic disturbance; plant establishment; Vallisneria americana; waves ID LAKE; MACROPHYTES; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; EXPOSURE; ZONATION; ONTARIO; WATER; LIFE AB 1. The impacts of 0.15-m waves on the survival and short-term growth and development of young Vallisneria americana plants were studied in experimental raceways. Young plants were planted at three depths within both wave and control raceways. Wave events were designed to simulate wave disturbances caused by boat traffic and were generated five or six times each day during the 67-day experimental growth period. The 0.15-m waves generated produced a maximum shear velocity of about 1.4 m s(-1) as they swept over the plants. 2. All plants survived at all depths in both treatments. However, plants exposed to the waves accumulated significantly less total mass than controls. The total mass accumulation of wave-exposed plants was only 50% of that of undisturbed plants. In addition, the plants experiencing the waves had significantly shorter leaves and produced significantly fewer daughter plants. 3. While plants under both wave and no wave treatments had a similar relative growth rate and both showed a net posit:ive growth over the experimental period, those exposed to frequent wave energy developed more slowly due to continuous leaf loss caused by the waves. Plants exposed to even modest wave energy may spread more slowly and be less resilient to recovery from other forms of disturbance. C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Doyle, RD (reprint author), Univ N Texas, Inst Appl Sci, POB 310559, Denton, TX 76203 USA. NR 27 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 7 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0046-5070 J9 FRESHWATER BIOL JI Freshw. Biol. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 46 IS 3 BP 389 EP 397 DI 10.1046/j.1365-2427.2001.00668.x PG 9 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 415QL UT WOS:000167734100009 ER PT J AU Lucas, MA AF Lucas, MA TI The military child care connection SO FUTURE OF CHILDREN LA English DT Article C1 USA, Community & Family Support Ctr, Child & Youth Serv, Alexandria, VA USA. RP Lucas, MA (reprint author), USA, Community & Family Support Ctr, Child & Youth Serv, Alexandria, VA USA. NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTER FUTURE CHILDREN, DAVID LUCILE PACKARD FOUNDATION PI LOS ALTOS PA 300 SECOND ST, STE 200, LOS ALTOS, CA 94022 USA SN 1054-8289 J9 FUTURE CHILD JI Future Child. PD SPR-SUM PY 2001 VL 11 IS 1 BP 129 EP 133 PG 5 WC Family Studies; Health Policy & Services; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Family Studies; Health Care Sciences & Services; Social Sciences - Other Topics GA 647UY UT WOS:000181113500012 ER PT J AU Bradshaw, JL Pham, JT Yang, RQ Bruno, JD Wortman, DE AF Bradshaw, JL Pham, JT Yang, RQ Bruno, JD Wortman, DE TI Enhanced CW performance of the interband cascade laser using improved device fabrication SO IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE diode lasers; mid-infrared; quantum-well lasers; semiconductor superlattices; thermal factors ID CONTINUOUS-WAVE OPERATION; QUANTUM-WELLS; HEAT-SINKING AB Continuous-wave (CW) operation of a mid-infrared type-II interband cascade (IQ laser has been demonstrated at temperatures up to 142 K by improving device processing and fabrication. Also, the IC laser exhibited record-high wall-plug efficiencies (similar to 18 % at 60 K) with considerable CW output powers. An analysis of the thermal resistance partially explains the still low maximum CW operating temperature and suggests further potential for improvement with continued development of fabrication/packaging techniques. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Bradshaw, JL (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RI Bradshaw, John/E-8330-2011 NR 28 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 1077-260X J9 IEEE J SEL TOP QUANT JI IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. PD MAR-APR PY 2001 VL 7 IS 2 BP 102 EP 105 DI 10.1109/2944.954117 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA 479YW UT WOS:000171432800002 ER PT J AU Riyopoulos, SA Dialetis, D Liu, J Riely, B AF Riyopoulos, SA Dialetis, D Liu, J Riely, B TI Generic representation of active cavity VCSEL eigenmodes by optimized waist Gauss-Laguerre modes SO IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE cavity modes; distributed Bragg reflector; semiconductor lasers; surface-emitting lasers ID SURFACE-EMITTING LASERS; REFLECTION; APERTURES; MIRRORS AB Gain-guided eigenmodes in open VCSEL cavities are constructed by superposition of paraxial (i.e., Gauss-Laguerre) (GL) modes, employing the effective cavity hard mirror equivalent for the DBRs. A generic round-trip matrix is obtained analytically for simple gain profiles, including finite mirror diameter losses, diffraction spreading and aperture scattering effects. Diagonalization yields the full range of stable, unstable, and steady-state complex eigenmodes and gain eigenvalues. More importantly, it is demonstrated that in cases of interest the lower order cavity eigenmodes can be approximated by pure GL modes with optimum waist size prescribed through a variational principle. A simple analytic relation is thus obtained for the mode waist for a variety of laterally open cavities. The theory is confirmed by comparison with experimental results. The GL eigenmode properties account for wavelength blue-shifting, increasing density threshold current and increasing differentiation in modal losses with decreasing current aperture. They also yield the correct aperture placement effects in the cavity standing wave. Diffraction and scattering losses are shown to dominate over mirror losses at small cavity apertures. C1 Sci Applicat Int Corp, Mclean, VA 22102 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Riyopoulos, SA (reprint author), Sci Applicat Int Corp, Mclean, VA 22102 USA. NR 14 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 1077-260X J9 IEEE J SEL TOP QUANT JI IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. PD MAR-APR PY 2001 VL 7 IS 2 BP 312 EP 327 DI 10.1109/2944.954145 PG 16 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA 479YW UT WOS:000171432800030 ER PT J AU Katehi, LPB Harvey, JF Herrick, KJ AF Katehi, Linda P. B. Harvey, James F. Herrick, Katherine J. TI 3-D Integration of RF Circuits Using Si Micromachining SO IEEE MICROWAVE MAGAZINE LA English DT Article C1 [Katehi, Linda P. B.] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Harvey, James F.] US Army Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Herrick, Katherine J.] Raytheon RF Components, Andover, MA USA. RP Katehi, LPB (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. NR 29 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1527-3342 EI 1557-9581 J9 IEEE MICROW MAG JI IEEE Microw. Mag. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 2 IS 1 BP 30 EP 39 DI 10.1109/6668.918260 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA V32ZQ UT WOS:000208989500002 ER PT J AU Saini, SS Johnson, FG Stone, DR Zhou, W Shen, H Dagenais, M AF Saini, SS Johnson, FG Stone, DR Zhou, W Shen, H Dagenais, M TI A 2 x 2 crosspoint switch fabricated on the Passive Active Resonant Coupler (PARC) platform SO IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE crosspoint switch; monolithic integration; photonic integrated circuits; resonant couplers; twin waveguides ID PHOTONIC INTEGRATED-CIRCUITS; WAVE-GUIDES; LASERS AB We demonstrate the fabrication of a 2 x 2 crosspoint switch monolithically fabricated on the Passive Active Resonant Coupler (PARC) platform by utilizing vertical resonant coupling over a taper between an active and a passive waveguide, The coupling taper was 100 mum long with less than 0.15 dB coupling loss, By pushing the mode up and down as and when required, we are able to integrate passive waveguides and electroabsorption modulators on one chip. The static performance of the switch has been tested, and a modulation depth of 30 dB has been achieved at the wavelength of 1.57 mum for an applied bias of 2.5 V. C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Lab Phys Sci, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Saini, SS (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. NR 12 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 1041-1135 J9 IEEE PHOTONIC TECH L JI IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 13 IS 3 BP 203 EP 205 DI 10.1109/68.914321 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA 418CT UT WOS:000167872700011 ER PT J AU Tsai, JWH Chan, SW Kirtley, JR Tidrow, SC Jiang, Q AF Tsai, JWH Chan, SW Kirtley, JR Tidrow, SC Jiang, Q TI The variation of J(cgb) with GB misorientation and inclination measured using the scanning SQUID microscope SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2000 Applied Superconductivity Conference CY SEP 17-22, 2000 CL VIRGINIA BEACH, VIRGINIA DE critical current density J(c); grain boundary; scanning SQUID microscopy; and facetting ID CRITICAL CURRENTS; JUNCTIONS AB The Scanning SQUID Microscope was used to measure the Josephson penetration length (lambda (J)) along the grain boundary. The J(c) across the grain boundary was then derived from the lambda (J), YBa2Cu3O7.chi(YBCO) films were deposited on a special set of SrTiO3 bicrystals to determine whether J(cgb) varies as function of boundary inclinations (a's). Our results showed that Jcgb decreased with a while alpha (2)remained constant and vice-versa, The J(cgb) decreased exponentially with misorientation(0), In addition, SEM studies showed that the boundaries meandered on the length scan of 0.5-2 mum due to the island growth mode. The drop of Jcgb with increasing alpha (1) and/or alpha (2), is more than what can be explained by either the d-wave symmetry of its superconducting order parameters or boundary meandering. C1 IBM Corp, Thomas J Watson Res Ctr, Yorktown Heights, NY 10598 USA. USA, Res Lab, Aldephi, MD USA. Univ Houston, Superconducting Ctr, Houston, TX USA. Columbia Univ, HKSM, Mat Sci Program, New York, NY USA. RP Tsai, JWH (reprint author), Maxtor Corp, San Jose, CA USA. RI Tidrow, Steven/C-8133-2013 NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 8 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 1051-8223 J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 11 IS 1 BP 3880 EP 3883 DI 10.1109/77.919914 PN 3 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 425HV UT WOS:000168285900296 ER PT J AU Xu, Y Narayanan, RM Xu, XJ Curtis, JO AF Xu, Y Narayanan, RM Xu, XJ Curtis, JO TI Polarimetric processing of coherent random noise radar data for buried object detection SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE polarimetry; random noise radar; subsurface radar; ultrawideband ID SUBSURFACE AB Random noise polarimetry is a new radar technique for high-resolution probing of subsurface objects and interfaces. The University of Nebraska has developed a polarimetric random noise radar system based on the heterodyne correlation technique. Simulation studies and performance tests on the system confirm its ability to respond to phase differences in the received signals. In addition to polarimetric processing capability and the simplified system design, random noise radar also possesses other desirable features, such as immunity from radio frequency interference (RFI), The paper discusses the theoretical foundations of random noise polarimetry, and presents examples out of the entire data set collected that demonstrate the usefulness of the image processing and Stokes matrix presentation to enhance target detection using the coherent random noise radar. C1 Univ Nebraska, Ctr Electroopt, Dept Elect Engn, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. USA, Waterways Expt Stn, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Xu, Y (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Ctr Electroopt, Dept Elect Engn, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. NR 11 TC 32 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0196-2892 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD MAR PY 2001 VL 39 IS 3 BP 467 EP 478 DI 10.1109/36.911106 PG 12 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 413TM UT WOS:000167628100001 ER PT J AU Ballato, J Schwartz, R Ballato, A AF Ballato, J Schwartz, R Ballato, A TI Network formalism for modeling functionally gradient piezoelectric plates and stacks and simulations of RAINBOW ceramic actuators SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ULTRASONICS FERROELECTRICS AND FREQUENCY CONTROL LA English DT Article AB A simple network representation is given for a stack of thin, homogeneous piezoelectric plates, executing a single thickness mode of motion. All plates may differ in thickness and material properties, including dielectric loss, ohmic conductivity, and viscous loss. Each plate is driven by a thickness-directed electric field, and all stack elements are connected electrically in series. Functionally gradient single plates and composites are readily modeled by the network, to a desired precision, using a sequence of circuit elements representing stepwise variations in material properties and layer thicknesses. Simulations of RAINBOW (Reduced And Internally Biased Oxide Wafer) ceramics are given. C1 Clemson Univ, Dept Ceram & Mat Engn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. USA, Commun Elect Command, AMSEL, RD,CS, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Ballato, J (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Ceram & Mat Engn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. NR 34 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0885-3010 J9 IEEE T ULTRASON FERR JI IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control PD MAR PY 2001 VL 48 IS 2 BP 462 EP 476 DI 10.1109/58.911729 PG 15 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Acoustics; Engineering GA 411PJ UT WOS:000167508200013 PM 11370360 ER PT J AU Blaha, M Kohl, J DuBose, D Bowers, W Walker, J AF Blaha, M Kohl, J DuBose, D Bowers, W Walker, J TI Ultrastructural and histological effects of exposure to CEES or heat in a human epidermal model SO IN VITRO & MOLECULAR TOXICOLOGY-A JOURNAL OF BASIC AND APPLIED RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID PROGRAMMED CELL-DEATH; SULFUR MUSTARD; HUMAN SKIN; WEANLING PIGS; APOPTOSIS; KERATINOCYTES; TISSUES; IDENTIFICATION; NECROSIS; LESIONS AB Ultrastructural and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase nick end labeling (TUNEL) studies were conducted to compare mechanisms of 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES) and heat-induced injury to EpiDerm (TM). Twenty-two hours after 2-h exposure to the monofunctional alkylating agent GEES, budding of cytoplasm, clumping of nuclear chromatin, disintegration of nuclear membranes and cytoplasmic structures, and cytoplasmic vacuolization were detected, especially in the basal cells near the pseudobasement membrane. TUNEL techniques revealed DNA fragmentation distinct from that normally associated with terminal keratinocyte differentiation. Similar evaluations 22.5 h after 90 min exposure of EpiDerm (TM) to elevated temperature (45 degreesC) produced a different pattern of cell damage. Swelling of intercellular spaces, extensive cytoplasmic vacuolization, disruption of normal nuclear shape, reduced cell membrane integrity, and release of cellular material in the basal region characterized heat injury. Heat did not alter the DNA fragmentation normally associated with keratinocyte maturation, These data suggest that GEES elicited, an apoptotic mechanism of cell death with features of terminal differentiation such as nuclear membrane disintegration and loss of cytoplasmic structures, Heat, alternatively, produced changes more typical of oncotic necrosis. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. USA, Soldier Syst Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Blaha, M (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 25 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 2 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 1097-9336 J9 IN VITRO MOL TOXICOL JI In Vitro Mol. Toxicol.-J. Basic Appl. Res. PD SPR PY 2001 VL 14 IS 1 BP 15 EP 23 PG 9 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 448JG UT WOS:000169623300003 PM 11689153 ER PT J AU Holmquist, TJ Templeton, DW Bishnoi, KD AF Holmquist, TJ Templeton, DW Bishnoi, KD TI Constitutive modeling of aluminum nitride for large strain, high-strain rate, and high-pressure applications SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE ceramic; constitutive modeling; high-strain rate; penetration ID MECHANICAL-BEHAVIOR; PHASE; AL2O3; BEO AB This paper presents constitutive modeling of aluminum nitride (AlN) for severe loading conditions that produce large strains, high-strain rates, and high pressures. The Johnson-Holmquist constitutive model (JH-2) for brittle materials is used. Constants are obtained for the model using existing test data that include both laboratory and ballistic experiments. Due to the wide range of experimental data the majority of constants are determined explicitly. The process of determining constants is provided in detail. The model and constants are used to perform computations of many of the experiments including those not used to generate the constants, The computational results are used to validate the model, provide insight into the response of AIN, and to demonstrate that one set of constants can provide reasonable results over a broad range of experimental data. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Network Comp Serv Inc, Army High Performance Comp Res Ctr, Minneapolis, MN 55415 USA. USA, Tank Automot Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Warren, MI 48397 USA. RP Holmquist, TJ (reprint author), Network Comp Serv Inc, Army High Performance Comp Res Ctr, 1200 Washington Ave S, Minneapolis, MN 55415 USA. NR 26 TC 78 Z9 102 U1 2 U2 24 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0734-743X J9 INT J IMPACT ENG JI Int. J. Impact Eng. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 25 IS 3 BP 211 EP 231 DI 10.1016/S0734-743X(00)00046-4 PG 21 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA 396GF UT WOS:000166627400001 ER PT J AU Cooper, GR AF Cooper, GR TI Influence of yaw cards on the yaw growth of spin-stabilized projectiles SO JOURNAL OF AIRCRAFT LA English DT Article AB A simple extension of the standard linear theory, describing the free-flight motion of a projectile, now includes the influences due to the projectile impacting yaw cards. The card impacts are modeled as ideal delta function impulses that are shown to alter the usual yawing motion of a spin-stabilized projectile passing through a yaw card range. Card-induced changes in the complex-valued yaw modes are expressed as difference equations. Known analytic solutions to these difference equations show how card impacts influence a projectile's yawing motion by relating simple expressions of the card spacing to a parameter describing the material density of the yaw cards, These solutions also reveal that both bounded and unbounded yaw mode magnitudes can be induced by yaw card impacts. Furthermore, the model shows that moments caused by repeated projectile and card interactions should not always be treated as negligible, Examples of these results for a typical small arms projectile (7.62 mm) launched from an unworn gun tube are presented. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aerodynam Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Cooper, GR (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aerodynam Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 3 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0021-8669 J9 J AIRCRAFT JI J. Aircr. PD MAR-APR PY 2001 VL 38 IS 2 BP 266 EP 270 DI 10.2514/2.2784 PG 5 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 420KR UT WOS:000168004600009 ER PT J AU Palumbo, D Cabell, R Sullivan, B Cline, J AF Palumbo, D Cabell, R Sullivan, B Cline, J TI Flight test of active structural acoustic noise control system SO JOURNAL OF AIRCRAFT LA English DT Article ID VIBRATION; REDUCTION; CABIN; SOUND AB A flight test is described in which an active structural/acoustic control system reduces turboprop induced interior noise on a Raytheon Aircraft Company 1900D airliner. Control inputs to 21 inertial force actuators were computed adaptively using a principal component domain version of the multichannel filtered-x least mean square algorithm to minimize the mean square response of 32 microphones. A tabu search algorithm was employed to optimize placement of the force actuators on the aircraft frame. Both single-frequency and multifrequency control results are presented. Noise reductions of up to 15 dB were obtained at the blade passage frequency (BPF) during single-frequency control tests. Simultaneous noise reductions of 10 dB, 2.5 dB, and 3.0 dB, at the BPF and next 2 harmonics, were obtained in a multifrequency test. C1 NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Struct Acoust Branch, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. USA, Res Lab, Struct Mech Div, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. RP Palumbo, D (reprint author), NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Struct Acoust Branch, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. NR 15 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0021-8669 J9 J AIRCRAFT JI J. Aircr. PD MAR-APR PY 2001 VL 38 IS 2 BP 277 EP 284 DI 10.2514/2.2760 PG 8 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 420KR UT WOS:000168004600011 ER PT J AU Castellani, JW Young, AJ Degroot, DW Stulz, DA Cadarette, BS Rhind, SG Zamecnik, J Shek, PN Sawka, MN AF Castellani, JW Young, AJ Degroot, DW Stulz, DA Cadarette, BS Rhind, SG Zamecnik, J Shek, PN Sawka, MN TI Thermoregulation during cold exposure after several days of exhaustive exercise SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE fatigue; hypothermia; norepinephrine; shivering; vasoconstriction ID PHYSIOLOGICAL-RESPONSES; HYPOTHERMIA; SLEEP AB This study examined the hypothesis that several days of exhaustive exercise would impair thermoregulatory effector responses to cold exposure, leading to an accentuated core temperature reduction compared with exposure of the same individual to cold in a rested condition. Thirteen men (10 experimental and 3 control) performed a cold-wet walk (CW) for up to 6 h (6 rest-work cycles, each Ih in duration) in 5 degreesC air on three occasions. One cycle of CW consisted of 10 min of standing in the rain (5.4 cm/h) followed by 45 min of walking (1.34 m/s, 5.4 m/s wind). Clothing was water saturated at the start of each walking period (0.75 do vs. 1.1 do when dry). The initial CW trial (day 0) was performed (afternoon) with subjects rested before initiation of exercise-cold exposure. During the next 7 days, exhaustive exercise (aerobic, anaerobic, resistive) was performed for 4 h each morning. Two subsequent CW trials were performed on the afternoon of days 3 and 7, similar to2.5 h after cessation of fatiguing exercise. For controls, no exhaustive exercise was performed on any day. Thermoregulatory responses and body temperature during CW were not different on days 0, 3, and 7 in the controls. In the experimental group, mean skin temperature was higher (P < 0.05) during CW on days 3 and 7 than on day 0. Rectal temperature was lower (P < 0.05) and the change in rectal temperature was greater (P < 0.05) during the 6th h of CW on day 3. Metabolic heat production during CW was similar among trials. Warmer skin temperatures during CW after days 3 and 7 indicate that vasoconstrictor responses to cold, but not shivering responses, are impaired after multiple days of severe physical exertion. These findings suggest that susceptibility to hypothermia is increased by exertional fatigue. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Def & Civil Inst Environm Med, Biomed Technol Sect, Toronto, ON M3M 3B9, Canada. RP Castellani, JW (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RI DeGroot, David/E-2322-2015 NR 16 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 90 IS 3 BP 939 EP 946 PG 8 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 403PJ UT WOS:000167051400025 PM 11181604 ER PT J AU Riviere, JE Smith, CE Budsaba, K Brooks, JD Olajos, EJ Salem, H Monteiro-Riviere, NA AF Riviere, JE Smith, CE Budsaba, K Brooks, JD Olajos, EJ Salem, H Monteiro-Riviere, NA TI Use of methyl salicylate as a simulant to predict the percutaneous absorption of sulfur mustard SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PERFUSED PORCINE SKIN; CUTANEOUS TOXICOLOGY; INVITRO MODEL; FLAP; PENETRATION; TOXICITY; SULFIDE; DISPOSITION; PARATHION; MIXTURES AB Exposure to chemical vesicants such as sulfur mustard (HD) continues to be a threat to military forces requiring protectant strategies to exposure to be evaluated. Methyl salicylate (MS) has historically been the simulant of choice to assess HD exposure. The purpose of this study was to compare the percutaneous absorption and skin deposition of MS to HD in the isolated perfused porcine skin flap (IPPSF). The HD data were obtained from a previously published study in this model wherein 400 mug cm(-2) of [C-14]-MS or [C-14]-HD in ethanol were topically applied to 16 IPPSFs and experiments were terminated at 2, 4 or 8 h. Perfusate was collected at increasing time intervals throughout perfusion, Radioactivity was determined in perfusate and skin samples. Perfusate flux profiles were fitted to a bi-exponential model Y(t) = A(e(-ht) - e(-dt)) and the area under the curve (AUC), peak flux and time to peak flux were determined. Sulfur mustard had more pronounced and rapid initial flux parameters (P < 0.05). The AUCs determined from observed and model-predicted parameters were not statistically different, although the mean HD AUC was 40-50% greater than MS. The HD skin and fat levels were up to twice those seen with MS, but had lower stratum corneum and residual skin surface concentrations (P < 0.05). Compared with other chemicals studied in this model, HD and MS cutaneous disposition were very similar, supporting the use of MS as a dermal simulant for HD exposure. Copyright (C) 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Ctr Cutaneous Toxicol & Residue Pharmacol, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Coll Agr & Life Sci, Dept Stat, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. USA, Chem & Biol Def Command, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Riviere, JE (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Ctr Cutaneous Toxicol & Residue Pharmacol, 4700 Hillsborough St, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. RI Riviere, Jim/A-9210-2008 OI Riviere, Jim/0000-0001-8412-9650 NR 28 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 0260-437X J9 J APPL TOXICOL JI J. Appl. Toxicol. PD MAR-APR PY 2001 VL 21 IS 2 BP 91 EP 99 DI 10.1002/jat.718 PG 9 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 418WE UT WOS:000167916500002 PM 11288131 ER PT J AU Bronk, BV Li, ZZ Czege, J AF Bronk, BV Li, ZZ Czege, J TI Polarized light scattering as a rapid and sensitive assay for metal toxicity to bacteria SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE toxicity to bacteria; polarized light scattering; E. coli; heavy metals; rapid detection; metal toxicity; growth inhibition ID SIZE AB A new method that utilizes the scattering of polarized light from a suspension of bacteria to assay the effect of toxins is evaluated. The method compares the time dependence of changes in an angular scattering pattern obtained from a suspension of Escherichia coli bacteria with no toxin exposure to the corresponding, but reduced, changes that occur when there is exposure to a small concentration of certain toxicants. The changes are due to growth of a specially prepared population of these bacteria. The changes in the pattern normally reflect a change in average bacterial size due to growth, whereas the reduction of the change in pattern occurs when there is rapid cessation of bacterial growth. The method was tested with varying concentrations of the ions of five different heavy metals. The results using this method during the first few minutes after exposure to the toxicant were compared to the relative survival of colony-forming units of the bacteria. The graphs for the two methods were found to he approximately parallel for each of the five metals examined. This result indicates that the toxic effect of these metals takes place relatively quickly for these bacteria. These results were compared with results available from the literature for the same metals but using other methods for measuring the toxicity to bacteria. C1 USA ECBC, USAF, Res Lab, AMSSB RRT, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Bronk, BV (reprint author), USA ECBC, USAF, Res Lab, AMSSB RRT, Bldg E5951, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 17 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 0260-437X J9 J APPL TOXICOL JI J. Appl. Toxicol. PD MAR-APR PY 2001 VL 21 IS 2 BP 107 EP 113 DI 10.1002/jat.730 PG 7 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 418WE UT WOS:000167916500004 PM 11288133 ER PT J AU Nambiar, MP Enyedy, EJ Warke, VG Krishnan, S Dennis, G Kammer, GM Tsokos, GC AF Nambiar, MP Enyedy, EJ Warke, VG Krishnan, S Dennis, G Kammer, GM Tsokos, GC TI Polymorphisms/mutations of TCR-zeta-chain promoter and 3 ' untranslated region and selective expression of TCR zeta-chain with an alternatively spliced 3 ' untranslated region in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus SO JOURNAL OF AUTOIMMUNITY LA English DT Article DE lupus; mutations/polymorphisms; alternative splicing; TCR zeta-chain zeta promoter; 3 ' untranslated region ID T-CELL RECEPTOR; MEDIATED SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; SUSCEPTIBILITY GENES; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD; BINDING; COMPLEX; LYMPHOCYTES; ACTIVATION; CD3-ZETA; PRODUCTS AB A vast majority of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients display decreased expression of TCR zeta -chain mRNA, a critical signaling molecule implicated in the selection of the TCR repertoire and in the prevention of autoimmunity. To identify the molecular mechanisms involved in the downregulation of TCR zeta -chain transcripts in SLE T cells, we investigated the possibility of polymorphisms/mutations in the promoter and the 3' untranslated region. PCR, cloning and sequence analysis of the promoter region from the genomic DNA showed significantly higher number of polymorphisms in SLE T cells compared to non-SLE control subjects (P=0.044). Promoter sequence was also analysed from granulocytes to delineate the possibility of somatic mutations in activated SLE T cells. Promoter polymorphisms were significantly higher in granulocytes of SLE patients compared to non-SLE controls (P=0.048), suggesting that these polymorphisms were of genomic origin. Nucleotide analysis of the promoter sequence revealed a -76T insertion compared to the published sequence; in all of the SLE samples and controls. RT-PCR analysis of the TCR zeta -chain 3' untranslated region showed a 344 bp product in addition to the expected 906 bp product. Cloning and sequence analysis of the 344 bp product indicated that it is an alternatively spliced form with both splicing donor and acceptor sites, resulting in deletion of nucleotides 672-1233 of TCR zeta -chain mRNA. Unlike the nomal TCR zeta -chain, the expression of TCR zeta -chain with the alternatively spliced 344 bp 3' untranslated region was higher in SLE T cells compared to non-SLE controls. The number of mutations/polymorphisms in the 906 bp TCR zeta -chain 3' untranslated region were significantly higher in SLE T cells compared to non-SLE subjects (P=0.032). Frequent mutations/polymorphisms and aberrant splicing of the downstream 3' untranslated region may affect the stability and/or transport of TCR zeta -chain mRNA, leading to its downregulation in SLE T cells. (C) 2001 Academic Press. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Rheumatol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, Sect Rheumatol & Clin Immunol, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. RP Tsokos, GC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Bldg 503,Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI42269]; NIAMS NIH HHS [R01 AR39501] NR 37 TC 49 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0896-8411 J9 J AUTOIMMUN JI J. Autoimmun. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 16 IS 2 BP 133 EP 142 DI 10.1006/jaut.2000.0475 PG 10 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 412GR UT WOS:000167547100006 PM 11247639 ER PT J AU He, JK Hayes, CG Binn, LN Seriwatana, J Vaughn, DW Kuschner, RA Innis, BL AF He, JK Hayes, CG Binn, LN Seriwatana, J Vaughn, DW Kuschner, RA Innis, BL TI Hepatitis E virus DNA vaccine elicits immunologic memory in mice SO JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE DNA vaccine; hepatitis E virus; memory, immunologic ID PROTECTIVE IMMUNITY; PLASMID DNA; IMMUNIZATION; RESPONSES; INDUCTION; MYOTUBES; MUSCLE; ENTRY AB Injection of an expression vector pJHEV containing hepatitis E virus (HEV) structural protein open reading frame 2 gene generates a strong antibody response in BALB/c mice that can bind to and agglutinate HEV. In this study, we tested for immunologic memory in immunized mice whose current levels of IgG to HEV were low or undetectable despite 3 doses of HEV DNA vaccine 18 months earlier. Mice previously vaccinated with vector alone were controls. AII mice were administered a dose of HEV DNA vaccine to simulate an infectious challenge with HEV. The endpoint was IgG to HEV determined by ELISA. Ten days after the vaccine dose, 5 of 9 mice previously immunized with HEV DNA vaccine had a slight increase in IgG to HEV. By 40 days after the vaccine dose, the level of IgG to HEV had increased dramatically in all 9 mice (108-fold increase in geometric mean titer). In contrast, no control mice became seropositive. These results indicate that mice vaccinated with 3 doses of HEV DNA vaccine retain immunologic memory. In response to a small antigenic challenge delivered as DNA, possibly less than delivered by a human infective dose of virus, mice with memory were able to generate high levels of antibody in less time than the usual incubation period of hepatitis E. We speculate that this type of response could protect a human from overt disease. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Virus Dis, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. USN, Med Res Ctr, Infect Dis Directorate, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP He, JK (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Virus Dis, Bldg 503,Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 17 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1021-7770 J9 J BIOMED SCI JI J. Biomed. Sci. PD MAR-APR PY 2001 VL 8 IS 2 BP 223 EP 226 DI 10.1159/000054036 PG 4 WC Cell Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Cell Biology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 413XT UT WOS:000167637400010 PM 11287754 ER PT J AU Gupta, S Patel, A Folstad, A Fenton, C Dinauer, CA Tuttle, RM Conran, R Francis, GL AF Gupta, S Patel, A Folstad, A Fenton, C Dinauer, CA Tuttle, RM Conran, R Francis, GL TI Infiltration of differentiated thyroid carcinoma by proliferating lymphocytes is associated with improved disease-free survival for children and young adults SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM LA English DT Article ID PROGNOSTIC FACTORS; CANCER RISK; PAPILLARY; CHILDHOOD; CLASSIFICATION; METASTASIS; ANTIBODIES; ANTIGEN; THERAPY; KI-67 AB An immune response directed against thyroid cancer might be important in preventing metastasis and recurrence. This idea is supported by previous observations showing that adults with autoimmune thyroiditis or lymphocytic infiltration surrounding papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) have improved disease-free survival. The long-term outcome for differentiated thyroid cancer is even more favorable for children and young adults. If the immune response is important, we hypothesized that tumor-associated lymphocytes with a high proliferation index would be found in thyroid cancers from children and young adults and would be associated with improved disease-free survival. Using immunohistochemistry, we examined 39 childhood PTC, 9 follicular thyroid carcinomas, 2 medullary thyroid carcinomas, 11 benign thyroid lesions, and 2 normal thyroid glands for the presence of lymphocytes (leukocyte common antigen) and lymphocyte proliferation (proliferating cell nuclear antigen, Ki-67). The majority of PTC (65%) and follicular thyroid carcinomas (75%) from children and young adults contained lymphocytes in the immediate vicinity of thyroid cancers, but only 7 (18%) patients with PTC also had a diagnosis of autoimmune thyroiditis. Disease-free survival did not correlate with the presence or number of lymphocytes per high power field. In contrast, disease-free survival was significantly improved (P = 0.01) for thyroid cancers with the greatest number of Ki-67-positive lymphocytes per high power field. The number of lymphocytes per high powered field was greater for multifocal PTC (P = 0.023), and the number of proliferating lymphocytes was greatest for PTC with regional lymph node involvement (30.5 +/- 12.3 vs. 6.8 +/- 5.0; P = 0.047). We conclude that proliferation of tumor-associated lymphocytes is associated with improved disease-free survival for children and young adults with thyroid cancer. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Pediat, F Edward Herbert Sch Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Serv Endocrinol, New York, NY 10021 USA. RP Francis, GL (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Pediat, F Edward Herbert Sch Med, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM gfrancis@usuhs.mil NR 32 TC 50 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 1 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI CHEVY CHASE PA 8401 CONNECTICUT AVE, SUITE 900, CHEVY CHASE, MD 20815-5817 USA SN 0021-972X J9 J CLIN ENDOCR METAB JI J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 86 IS 3 BP 1346 EP 1354 DI 10.1210/jc.86.3.1346 PG 9 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 411RA UT WOS:000167512000063 PM 11238531 ER PT J AU Zhong, KJY Salas, CJ Shafer, R Gubanov, A Gasser, RA Magill, AJ Forney, JR Kain, KC AF Zhong, KJY Salas, CJ Shafer, R Gubanov, A Gasser, RA Magill, AJ Forney, JR Kain, KC TI Comparison of IsoCode STIX and FTA gene guard collection matrices as whole-blood storage and processing devices for diagnosis of malaria by PCR SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM MALARIA; DISCREPANT ANALYSIS; PARASITES; TRAVELERS; VIVAX AB We compared two collection devices, IsoCode and FTA, with whole blood for the diagnosis of malaria by PCR (n = 100). Using whole blood as the reference standard, both devices were sensitive for the detection of single-species malaria infections by PCR (greater than or equal to 96%). However, the detection of mixed infections was suboptimal (IsoCode was 42% sensitive, and FTA was 63% sensitive). C1 Toronto Gen Hosp, Ctr Travel & Trop Med, Div Infect Dis, Dept Med, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada. Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. USN, Med Res Ctr Detachment, Dept Parasitol, Lima, Peru. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, Silver Spring, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Parasitol, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Zhong, KJY (reprint author), Toronto Gen Hosp, Ctr Travel & Trop Med, Div Infect Dis, Dept Med, EN G-224,200 Elizabeth St, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada. NR 11 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 39 IS 3 BP 1195 EP 1196 DI 10.1128/JCM.39.3.1195-1196.2001 PG 2 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 408FY UT WOS:000167316900068 PM 11230458 ER PT J AU Curtin, JP Blessing, JA Webster, KD Rose, PG Mayer, AR Fowler, WC Malfetano, JH Alvarez, RD AF Curtin, JP Blessing, JA Webster, KD Rose, PG Mayer, AR Fowler, WC Malfetano, JH Alvarez, RD TI Paclitaxel, an active agent in nonsquamous carcinomas of the uterine cervix: A Gynecologic Oncology Group Study SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SQUAMOUS CELL-CARCINOMA; PHASE-I TRIAL; TAXOL; CANCER AB Purpose: A phase II trial of paclitaxel was initiated in advanced nonsquamous carcinoma of the cervix to determine its activity in patients who had failed standard chemotherapy. Patients and Methods: Eligible patients had at least one measurable lesion. The starting dose of paclitaxel was 170 mg/m(2) (135 mg/m(2) for patients with prior pelvic radiation) given as a 24-hour continuous intravenous infusion with courses repeated every 3 weeks, Dose escalation to 200 mg/m(2) and de-escalation to 110 mg/m(2) were allowed based on adverse effects. Results: In this trial, 42 assessable patients were initially entered onto the study, and 13 responses were seen; four patients had a complete response, and nine patients had a partial response. The overall response rate was 31%. The primary and dose-limiting toxicity was neutropenia. Conclusion: The response rate to paclitaxel exceeds the rates reported using other single agents in nonsquamous carcinoma of the cervix. J Clin Oncol 19:1275-1278. (C) 2001 by American Society of Clinical Oncology. C1 Univ Alabama, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Gynecol Oncol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Gynecol Oncol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Gynecol Oncol, Univ Hosp Cleveland, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. Cleveland Clin Fdn, Dept Gynecol, Gynecol Oncol Sect, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA. Albany Med Coll, Albany, NY 12208 USA. Roswell Pk Canc Inst, Gynecol Oncol Grp, Buffalo, NY 14263 USA. NYU, Sch Med, New York, NY USA. Cornell Univ, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, New York, NY 10021 USA. RP Curtin, JP (reprint author), GOG Adm Off, Suite 1945,1234 Market St, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA. OI Curtin, John/0000-0002-9370-5119 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 27469, CA 37517] NR 21 TC 74 Z9 80 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0732-183X J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD MAR 1 PY 2001 VL 19 IS 5 BP 1275 EP 1278 PG 4 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 408LB UT WOS:000167326700006 PM 11230468 ER PT J AU Reinschmidt, JP Murray, SP Casha, LM Gagliano, RA Tracy, DA Collins, GJ AF Reinschmidt, JP Murray, SP Casha, LM Gagliano, RA Tracy, DA Collins, GJ TI Localization of pulmonary nodules using suture-ligated microcoils SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTER ASSISTED TOMOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE lungs, nodules; lungs, biopsies; lungs, neoplasms; computed tomography ID ASSISTED THORACOSCOPIC SURGERY; NEEDLE LOCALIZATION; METHYLENE-BLUE; LUNG NODULES; RESECTION; WIRE; PLACEMENT; HOOKWIRE; SYSTEM AB Percutaneous localization of pulmonary nodules in five patients was performed utilizing suture-ligated embolization microcoils and CT guidance. Each localization was performed prior to video-assisted thoracoscopic wedge resection of the targeted nodules. Each suture-ligated microcoil was placed within 1.0 cm of the targeted pulmonary nodule. The attached suture served as a guide to direct accurate resection of the nodules. This technique is easily performed and provides a reliable alternative to nodule localization prior to thoracoscopic resection. C1 Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Diagnost Radiol, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. Kaweah Delta Hosp, Visalia, CA 93291 USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Diagnost Radiol, Ft Lewis, WA USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Intervent Radiol, Ft Lewis, WA USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Cardiothorac Surg, Ft Lewis, WA USA. Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Intervent Radiol, Boston, MA 02114 USA. Keller Army Community Hosp, Dept Surg, W Point, NY USA. RP Reinschmidt, JP (reprint author), Kaweah Delta Hosp, 400 W Mineral King, Visalia, CA 93291 USA. NR 14 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0363-8715 J9 J COMPUT ASSIST TOMO JI J. Comput. Assist. Tomogr. PD MAR-APR PY 2001 VL 25 IS 2 BP 314 EP 318 DI 10.1097/00004728-200103000-00029 PG 5 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 411VY UT WOS:000167521000029 PM 11242235 ER PT J AU Sullivan, PD Rood, MJ Hay, KJ Qi, S AF Sullivan, PD Rood, MJ Hay, KJ Qi, S TI Adsorption and electrothermal desorption of hazardous organic vapors SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article ID ACTIVATED CARBON-FIBERS AB In 1997, 6.04 x 10(8) kg of hazardous air pollutants were emitted into the atmosphere from the United States. A bench-scale activated-carbon fiber-cloth adsorption, electrothermal desorption, and condensation system was designed, built, and operated to demonstrate its ability to capture and recover organic hazardous air pollutants from airstreams. The annular-cartridge configuration of the activated-carbon fiber cloth allows low pressure drop and rapid electrothermal regeneration. Adsorption and electrothermal desorption cycling of the system with an airstream containing 1,000 ppmv methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) resulted in closure within 8% by mass. Competitive adsorption between water vapor and MEK reduced MEK adsorption capacity 43% as relative humidity of the gas increased from 4 to 90% at 22 degreesC dry-bulb temperature. Increasing the dry-bulb temperature of the gas stream by 10 degreesC at a constant dew-point temperature resulted in a 37% increase in MEK adsorption compared to the high relative humidity test case, while allowing the water vapor to penetrate the adsorber. The automated system achieves MEK capture efficiency >99.9% by mass while recovering the Liquid MEK for reuse. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. USA, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61824 USA. RP Rood, MJ (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RI Qi, Shaoying/A-2837-2008 NR 13 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 7 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 USA SN 0733-9372 J9 J ENVIRON ENG-ASCE JI J. Environ. Eng.-ASCE PD MAR PY 2001 VL 127 IS 3 BP 217 EP 223 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(2001)127:3(217) PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 405YQ UT WOS:000167188500005 ER PT J AU Malinowski, JC Gillespie, WT AF Malinowski, JC Gillespie, WT TI Individual differences in performance on a large-scale, real-world wayfinding task SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GENDER-RELATED DIFFERENCES; SPATIAL ABILITIES; SEX-DIFFERENCES; UNFAMILIAR NEIGHBORHOOD; ROUTE KNOWLEDGE; ORIENTATION; ENVIRONMENT; PERSONALITY; ACQUISITION; STRATEGIES AB Despite hundreds of laboratory-based studies, very few researchers have investigated differences in spatial ability in large-scale, real-world settings. Laboratory-scale studies have found individual differences based on sex or gender, mathematical ability, nervousness, and previous experience. This study of 978 military college students tested whether the types of differences found in earlier laboratory studies would be found in a large-scale wayfinding task involving compass and map orienteering. Participants were required to find at least 8 of 10 points in a 4 h time period while covering about 6 km of woodland terrain. The results indicate that earlier laboratory findings are generally replicated for the large-scale task. Sex, previous experience, mathematical ability, and map-use skills were all found to be significant predictors of wayfinding performance. (C) 2001 Academic Press. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Geog & Environm Engn, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Malinowski, JC (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Geog & Environm Engn, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 39 TC 60 Z9 60 U1 3 U2 11 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0272-4944 J9 J ENVIRON PSYCHOL JI J. Environ. Psychol. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 21 IS 1 BP 73 EP 82 DI 10.1006/jevp.2000.0183 PG 10 WC Environmental Studies; Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Psychology GA 421ME UT WOS:000168067500007 ER PT J AU Hart, RA Davis, M Grier, JW Miller, AC AF Hart, RA Davis, M Grier, JW Miller, AC TI Survival of unionids following removal of attached zebra mussels SO JOURNAL OF FRESHWATER ECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DREISSENA-POLYMORPHA; GREAT-LAKES; IMPACT; BIVALVES; RIVER AB A mussel mark-recapture study was initiated in the upper Mississippi River, Wisconsin, to measure the survival of Elliptio dilatata colonized by Dreissena polymorpha in Lake Pepin, Mississippi River. In 1996, 240 adult E. dilatata were marked in Lake Pepin. At the time of marking we cleansed zebra mussels from 48 of the 240 E, dilatata to test if a one-time removal of D. polymorpha would be effective in improving survival off. dilatata. In 1997, 1998, and 1999, marked mussels were recovered and identified; survival was determined; and live individuals were returned to the mussel bed. Mean annual survival off. dilatata cleaned of D. polymorpha equaled 94+/-3.0% and was not significantly different from those not cleaned (89+/-1.7%) (chi (2)(df=1) =2.31, p=0.13). The mean number of D. polymorpha colonized upon cleaned and uncleaned E. dilatata at the conclusion of this study in 1999 equaled 105.8+/-12.9 and 94.6+/-8.4 respectively (p>0.05). Since survival rates and the abundance of D. polymorpha on the two groups of E. dilatata were not significantly different following the years after initial cleaning, we suggest that a one time removal of D. polymorpha from native mussels is not a biologically effective management tool. C1 N Dakota State Univ, Dept Zool, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. Minnesota Dept Nat Resources, Ecol Serv Sect, Lake City, MN USA. USA Corps Engineers, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Hart, RA (reprint author), Minnesota Dept Nat Resources, Ecol Serv Sect, Brainerd, MN 56401 USA. NR 14 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 5 PU OIKOS PUBL INC PI LA CROSSE PA PO BOX 2558, LA CROSSE, WI 54601 USA SN 0270-5060 J9 J FRESHWATER ECOL JI J. Freshw. Ecol. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 16 IS 1 BP 29 EP 33 DI 10.1080/02705060.2001.9663784 PG 5 WC Ecology; Limnology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 399FU UT WOS:000166801600003 ER PT J AU Koryak, M Stafford, LJ Reilly, RJ Magnuson, PM AF Koryak, M Stafford, LJ Reilly, RJ Magnuson, PM TI Highway deicing salt runoff events and major ion concentrations along a small urban stream SO JOURNAL OF FRESHWATER ECOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Highway deicing activities can influence the quality of waters draining urban areas that experience multiple winter season freeze/thaw cycles. However, because of the flashy hydrology of smaller urban streams, and the unpredictable nature of deicing runoff, these events are difficult to fully document by traditional monitoring approaches. The frequency, duration, intensity and downstream attenuation of highway deicing salt runoff events were captured by remote continuous flow and conductivity monitoring, in combination with dry and wet weather grab sampling, at four stations along a three-kilometer-long unculverted reach of an urban Pennsylvania stream, Nine Mile Run. Base flow dry weather conductivity values along Nine Mile Run averaged 1,232 umhos/cm and could drop as low as 61 umhos/cm following summer storms. However, at a major storm sewer discharge, which drains a highly urbanized and almost completely culverted subbasin of 9.8 km(2), short duration winter thaw peak conductivity values as high as 32,457 umhos/cm were documented. While such peaks tended to occur during very minor winter flow pulses, and were highly attenuated by channel storage at downstream stations, the shock loads of salt experienced were sufficiently elevated to cause concern about osmoregulatory stress to freshwater organisms. Even during base dry weather summer flow conditions, the major ion composition of the waters of Nine Mile Run was dominated by sodium chloride, rather than calcium sulfate, as occurs in nearby drainages. C1 USA Corps Engineers, Pittsburgh, PA 15222 USA. RP Koryak, M (reprint author), USA Corps Engineers, Pittsburgh, PA 15222 USA. NR 10 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 12 PU OIKOS PUBL INC PI LA CROSSE PA PO BOX 2558, LA CROSSE, WI 54601 USA SN 0270-5060 J9 J FRESHWATER ECOL JI J. Freshw. Ecol. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 16 IS 1 BP 125 EP 134 DI 10.1080/02705060.2001.9663795 PG 10 WC Ecology; Limnology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 399FU UT WOS:000166801600014 ER PT J AU Santoni, RL Tingle, JS Webster, SL AF Santoni, RL Tingle, JS Webster, SL TI Engineering properties of sand-fiber mixtures for road construction SO JOURNAL OF GEOTECHNICAL AND GEOENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID BEHAVIOR; SOIL AB The purpose of this investigation was to identify and quantify the effect of numerous variables on the performance of fiber-stabilized sand specimens. Laboratory unconfined compression tests were conducted on sand specimens reinforced with randomly oriented discrete fibers to isolate the effect of each variable on the performance of the fiber-reinforced material. Five primary conclusions were obtained from this investigation. First, the inclusion of randomly oriented discrete fibers significantly improved the unconfined compressive strength of sands. Second, an optimum fiber length of 51 mm (2 in.) was identified for the reinforcement of sand specimens. Third, a maximum performance was achieved at a fiber dosage rate between 0.6 and 1.0% dry weight. Fourth, specimen performance was enhanced in both wet and dry of optimum conditions. Finally, the inclusion of up to 8% of silt does not affect the performance of the fiber reinforcement. C1 USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, Airfield & Pavements Div, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Santoni, RL (reprint author), USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, Airfield & Pavements Div, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 19 TC 64 Z9 67 U1 0 U2 6 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 USA SN 1090-0241 J9 J GEOTECH GEOENVIRON JI J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 127 IS 3 BP 258 EP 268 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2001)127:3(258) PG 11 WC Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA 405UT UT WOS:000167179500005 ER PT J AU Horner, G Taleghani, B AF Horner, G Taleghani, B TI Single axis piezoceramic gimbal SO JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT MATERIAL SYSTEMS AND STRUCTURES LA English DT Article AB This paper describes the fabrication, testing, and analysis of a single axis piezoceramic gimbal. The fabrication process consists of pre-stressing a piezoceramic wafer using a high-temperature thermoplastic polyimide and a metal foil. The differential thermal expansion between the ceramic and metal induces a curvature. The piezoceramic is mounted on a support mechanism and a mirror is attached to the piezoceramic. A finite element analysis of the gimbal is described and the predicted gimbal angle versus applied voltage is compared to experimental results. C1 NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. USA, Vehicle Technol Ctr, Hampton, VA USA. RP Horner, G (reprint author), NASA, Langley Res Ctr, MS 230, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 6 BONHILL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4PU, ENGLAND SN 1045-389X J9 J INTEL MAT SYST STR JI J. Intell. Mater. Syst. Struct. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 12 IS 3 BP 157 EP 160 DI 10.1106/LA9C-7PHA-28H7-MEQP PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 534PL UT WOS:000174594800002 ER PT J AU Khan, A Carpenter, DT Scotch, AM Chan, HM Harmer, MP AF Khan, A Carpenter, DT Scotch, AM Chan, HM Harmer, MP TI Electron backscatter diffraction analysis of Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O-3-35mo% PbTiO3 single crystals grown by seeded polycrystal conversion SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID MOL-PERCENT PBTIO3; BEHAVIOR AB Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) has been applied to characterize Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O-3-35 mol%PbTiO3 single crystals grown by the seeded polycrystal conversion method. Macroscopically triangular crystal growth fronts were shown to each be associated with discrete crystals that originated from slightly misoriented segments of an initially cracked single-crystal seed plate. Various types of crystal imperfections, including voids, second-phase regions, and polycrystalline matrix grains trapped within the grown region, were readily identified and distinguished from one another using EBSD. Further, it was shown that trapped matrix grains in the grown region had consistently small misorientations with respect to the grown single crystal and this may be qualitatively explained by a simple boundary energetics argument. The significance of the trapped grains is discussed. C1 Lehigh Univ, Mat Res Ctr, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. RP Khan, A (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. NR 17 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 16 IS 3 BP 694 EP 700 DI 10.1557/JMR.2001.0104 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 409VW UT WOS:000167407200010 ER PT J AU Lewicki, DG Handschuh, RF Spievak, LE Wawrzynek, PA Ingraffea, AR AF Lewicki, DG Handschuh, RF Spievak, LE Wawrzynek, PA Ingraffea, AR TI Consideration of moving tooth load in gear crook propagation predictions SO JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL DESIGN LA English DT Article ID STRESS INTENSITY FACTORS; FATIGUE-CRACK GROWTH; NUMERICAL-METHODS; TEETH AB Robust gear designs consider not only crack initiation, but crack propagation trajectories for a fail-safe design. In actual gear operation, the magnitude as well as the position of the force changes as the gear rotates through the mesh. A study to determine the effect of moving gear tooth load on crack propagation predictions was performed. Two-dimensional analysis of an involute spur gear and three-dimensional analysis of a spiral-bevel pinion gear using the finite element method and boundary element method were studied and compared to experiments. A modified theory for predicting gear crack propagation paths bused on the criteria of Erdogam and Sih [18] was investigated. Crack simulation based on calculated stress intensity factors and mixed mode crack angle prediction techniques rising a simple static analysis in which the tooth load was located at the highest point of single tooth contact was validated. For three-dimensional analysis, however, the analysis was valid only as long as the crack did not approach the contact region on the tooth. C1 USA, Res Lab, NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. RP Lewicki, DG (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. NR 24 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 4 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 1050-0472 J9 J MECH DESIGN JI J. Mech. Des. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 123 IS 1 BP 118 EP 124 DI 10.1115/1.1338118 PG 7 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 417LJ UT WOS:000167836200018 ER PT J AU Turell, MJ O'Guinn, ML Dohm, DJ Jones, JW AF Turell, MJ O'Guinn, ML Dohm, DJ Jones, JW TI Vector competence of North American mosquitoes (Diptera : Culicidae) for West Nile virus SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE West Nile virus; transmission; mosquitoes; vector competence ID EASTERN EQUINE ENCEPHALITIS; AEDES-ALBOPICTUS; VERTICAL TRANSMISSION; UNITED-STATES; CULEX; DISSEMINATION; FEVER AB We evaluated the potential for several North American mosquito species to transmit the newly introduced West Nile (WN) virus. Mosquitoes collected in the New York City metropolitan area during the recent WN virus outbreak, at the Assateague Island Wildlife Refuge, VA, or from established colonies were allowed to feed on chickens infected with WN virus isolated from a crow that died during the 1999 outbreak. These mosquitoes were tested approximate to2 wk later to determine infection, dissemination, and transmission rates. Aedes albopictus (Skuse),Aedes atropalpus (Coquillett), and Aedes japonicus (Theobald) were highly susceptible to infection, and nearly all individuals with a disseminated infection transmitted virus by bite. Culex pipiens L, and Aedes sollicitans (Walker) were moderately susceptible. In contrast, Aedes vexans (Meigen),Aedes aegypti (L.), and Aedes taeniorhynchus (Wiedemann) were relatively refractory to infection, but individual mosquitoes inoculated with WN virus did transmit virus by bite. Infected female CN, pipiens transmitted WN virus to one of 1,618 F-1 progeny, indicating the potential for vertical transmission of this virus. In addition to laboratory vector competence, host-feeding preferences, relative abundance, and season of activity also determine the role that these species could play in transmitting WN virus. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Turell, MJ (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 28 TC 345 Z9 357 U1 9 U2 58 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 38 IS 2 BP 130 EP 134 DI 10.1603/0022-2585-38.2.130 PG 5 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 414CV UT WOS:000167649100002 PM 11296813 ER PT J AU Fonseca, DM Campbell, S Crans, WJ Mogi, M Miyagi, I Toma, T Bullians, M Andreadis, TG Berry, RL Pagac, B Sardelis, MR Wilkerson, RC AF Fonseca, DM Campbell, S Crans, WJ Mogi, M Miyagi, I Toma, T Bullians, M Andreadis, TG Berry, RL Pagac, B Sardelis, MR Wilkerson, RC TI Aedes (Finlaya) japonicus (Diptera : Culicidae), a newly recognized mosquito in the United States: Analyses of genetic variation in the United States and putative source populations SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aedes japonicus japonicus; introduced disease vectors; population genetics; sources and genetic diversity ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; AMPLIFIED POLYMORPHIC DNA; MITOCHONDRIAL GENOME; ANOPHELES-GAMBIAE; ALBOPICTUS; DISTANCE; DIFFERENTIATION; SEQUENCES; MALARIA; VECTOR AB Introduction of potential disease vectors into a new geographic area poses health risks to local human, livestock, and wildlife populations. It is therefore important to gain understanding of the dynamics of these invasions, in particular its sources, modes of spread after the introduction, and vectorial potential. We studied the population genetics of Aedes (Finlaya) japonicus japonicus (Theobald), an Asian mosquito that was recognized for the first time in the United States in 1998. We examined patterns of genetic diversity using random amplified polymorphic DNA and sequences of ND4 of mtDNA by comparing samples from populations spanning the range of this mosquito in Japan (six samples) and the United States (nine samples) as well as specimens intercepted in New Zealand in 1999. We found geographically differentiated populations in Japan, indicating limited gene now even on small spatial scales. In the United States, we found evidence of significant genetic differentiation between samples from New York, Connecticut, and New Jersey and those from mid-Pennsylvania and Maryland. We were unable to pinpoint the source location(s) in Japan, although some of the U.S, samples are genetically close to samples from south Honshu and western Kyushu. Further studies should include samples from Korean populations. Distinct genetic signatures in U.S. populations undergoing expansion suggest the possibility of local increases in genetic diversity if and where they meet. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Fonseca, DM (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. OI Fonseca, Dina/0000-0003-4726-7100 FU NIAID NIH HHS [N01 AI025490] NR 60 TC 59 Z9 63 U1 1 U2 9 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 38 IS 2 BP 135 EP 146 DI 10.1603/0022-2585-38.2.135 PG 12 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 414CV UT WOS:000167649100003 PM 11296814 ER PT J AU Murphy, MW Dunton, RF Perich, MJ Rowley, WA AF Murphy, MW Dunton, RF Perich, MJ Rowley, WA TI Attraction of Anopheles (Diptera : Culicidae) to volatile chemicals in western Kenya SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Anopheles gambia; Anopheles funestus; mosquito; attractants ID HOST-SEEKING; MOSQUITOS; MALARIA AB Anopheles gambiae s.l, and Anopheles funestus Giles are the primary vectors of malaria in East Africa. Identification of host-location olfactory cues may increase trap sensitivity for vector control and surveillance programs. Solid-state army miniature light traps were operated near sleeping humans in huts at night without lights and augmented with the potential attractants: L-lactic acid, Limburger cheese volatiles, hexanoic acid, and carbon dioxide. Mosquito response varied between species and gender. Female An. funestus exhibited a greater response to traps baited with L-lactic acid in combination with carbon dioxide than carbon dioxide alone in two different experiments. C1 Iowa State Univ, Dept Entomol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. USA, Res Unit Kenya 09831 4109, Kismu, Kenya. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Murphy, MW (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Entomol, 411 Sci II, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 13 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 1 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 38 IS 2 BP 242 EP 244 DI 10.1603/0022-2585-38.2.242 PG 3 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 414CV UT WOS:000167649100019 PM 11296830 ER PT J AU Jennings, BM Loan, LA Depaul, D Brosch, LR Hildreth, P AF Jennings, BM Loan, LA Depaul, D Brosch, LR Hildreth, P TI Lessons learned while collecting ANA indicator data SO JOURNAL OF NURSING ADMINISTRATION LA English DT Article ID CARE; OUTCOMES; QUALITY AB Realizing the importance of linking nursing's contribution to quality patient care, a pilot study was conducted to determine whether data regarding the quality indicators proposed by the American Nurses' Association (ANA) could be collected from five acute-care inpatient units at one medical center that is part of a multisite managed care system. Although it was determined that data regarding the ANA quality indicators could be collected at the study site, a variety of unanticipated findings emerged. These findings reflect both discrepancies and congruities between how the investigative team expected the ANA indicators to operate versus what was actually experienced. The lessons learned while collecting ANA indicator data are shared to assist future users and to advance the evolution of the ANA indicators. C1 USA, Nurse Corps, TRICARE Management Act, Hlth Program Anal & Evaluat, Falls Church, VA USA. USA, Madigan Med Ctr, Nursing Res Serv, Tacoma, WA USA. TriServ Nursing Res Program, Bethesda, MD USA. USA, Nurse Corps, Washington, DC 20310 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Nursing Res Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Washington State Dept Social & Hlth Serv, Community Serv, Olympia, WA USA. RP Jennings, BM (reprint author), USA, Nurse Corps, TRICARE Management Act, Hlth Program Anal & Evaluat, Falls Church, VA USA. NR 18 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0002-0443 J9 J NURS ADMIN JI J. Nurs. Adm. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 31 IS 3 BP 121 EP 129 DI 10.1097/00005110-200103000-00007 PG 9 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA 413YU UT WOS:000167639800010 PM 11263060 ER PT J AU Plichta, EJ Hendrickson, M Thompson, R Au, G Behl, WK Smart, MC Ratnakumar, BV Surampudi, S AF Plichta, EJ Hendrickson, M Thompson, R Au, G Behl, WK Smart, MC Ratnakumar, BV Surampudi, S TI Development of low temperature Li-ion electrolytes for NASA and DoD applications SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Interfacial Phenomena in Batteries CY DEC 12-15, 1999 CL ROME, ITALY DE lithium-ion batteries; energy storage devices; low temperature electrolytes ID CARBONATES AB Both NASA and the US Army have interest in developing secondary energy storage devices with improved low temperature performance to meet the demanding requirements of space missions and man-portable applications. Lithium-ion systems have been identified as having the most promise due to their high specific energy density and wide operational temperature ranges from the use of organic solvent-based electrolytes, rather than aqueous-based systems, initially, the SOA Lithium-ion technology was limited to operation above -10 degreesC, due primarilly to the fact that the electrolytes employed had high melting points and were highly viscous at low temperatures, resulting in low ionic conductivity. However, due to recent developments in electrolyte formulations at the Army and at JPL, improved low temperature performance of lithium-ion cells have been demonstrated, with efficient cell operation to temperatures as low as -30 degreesC. This was achieved by developing multi-component solvent systems, based on mixtures of cyclic and aliphatic alkyl carbonates. In the course of investigating the viability of a number of advanced electrolyte systems, it was identified that the protective surface films which form on the carbonoceous-based anodes can strongly influence the low temperature capabilities of lithium-ion cells, in addtion to the ionic conductivity of the electrolyte. Thus, in order to optimize an electrolyte for low temperature applications, it is necessary to balance the inherent physical properties of the formulations (i.e. freezing point, viscosity, and ionic conductivity) with the observed compatibility with the chosen cell chemistry (i.e. the nature of the passivating films formed on the electrodes). Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 USA, CECOM, RDEC, ARL,AMSEL,RD,C2,AP,BA, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Plichta, EJ (reprint author), USA, CECOM, RDEC, ARL,AMSEL,RD,C2,AP,BA, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. NR 4 TC 48 Z9 56 U1 3 U2 32 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD MAR 1 PY 2001 VL 94 IS 2 BP 160 EP 162 DI 10.1016/S0378-7753(00)00578-4 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 410YY UT WOS:000167469700002 ER PT J AU Gulczinski, FS Gallimore, AD AF Gulczinski, FS Gallimore, AD TI Near-field ion energy and species measurements of a 5-kW Hall thruster SO JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE 35th Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibit CY JUN 20-24, 1999 CL LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA SP Amer Inst Aeronaut & Astronaut, ASME, SAE, ASEE AB A molecular beam mass spectrometer has been used to determine the ion composition and energy distribution of the P5 5-kW class laboratory Hall thruster, A skimmer was used to obtain a sample of the plasma 10 cm downstream of the thruster exit plane, The thruster was operated at several discharge conditions and rotated with respect to the sampling skimmer in order to determine ion-energy profiles at various plume angles. These measurements were compared to data taken 75 cm from the discharge plane to examine the evolution of the ion-energy profile and facility effects. Both ion-energy measurements and time-of-flight mass spectroscopy revealed evidence of singly, doubly, triply, and quadruply charged xenon ions within the plume. Ion-energy distributions were used to determine that the P5's magnetic field is oriented such that the plume has an overall inward focus, The ion-energy distributions taken 10 cm from the thruster had smaller full width at half maxima and less evidence of elastic collisions than those taken at 75 cm, Comparisons made with laser-induced fluorescence data showed good agreement. C1 Univ Michigan, Dept Aerosp Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Gulczinski, FS (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AFRL PRRS, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA. NR 20 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0748-4658 J9 J PROPUL POWER JI J. Propul. Power PD MAR-APR PY 2001 VL 17 IS 2 BP 418 EP 427 DI 10.2514/2.5758 PG 10 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 411TZ UT WOS:000167516500026 ER PT J AU Schroeder, MA Fifer, RA Kaste, PJ Liebman, SA AF Schroeder, MA Fifer, RA Kaste, PJ Liebman, SA TI Thermal decomposition of RDX in the presence of added K2B12H12 SO JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER LA English DT Article ID CONDENSED-PHASE DECOMPOSITION; TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; GASEOUS PYROLYSIS PRODUCTS; ENERGETIC MATERIALS; CYCLOTRIMETHYLENETRINITRAMINE RDX; TEMPORAL BEHAVIORS; ISOTOPE ANALYSES; SYM-TRIAZINE; AB-INITIO; PRESSURE AB In an effort to understand the enhancement effect of boron hydride salts on the burning rates of nitramine gun propellants, the thermal decomposition of RDX has been studied, in the presence and absence of added K2B12H12, by two methods: 1) The samples are decomposed in an adapter attached to the inlet of a gas chromatograph, and the less-volatile products are examined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS). 2) The decomposition is quenched short of completion, and the nonvolatile residue is analyzed by high-pressure liquid chromatography, The pyrolysis-GCMS studies resulted in the chromatographic detection of the mechanistically. significant 1,3,5-triazine as a product of RDX thermal decomposition; they. also indicated that added K2B12H12 changes the product distribution obtained from RDX decomposition. The residue-analysis studies confirmed the formation of MRDX and related nitrosoamines in RDS decomposition and also produced evidence for chemical acceleration, by added K2B12H12. Of the thermal decomposition of RDX. Some possible mechanisms for formation and breakdown of 1,3,5-triazine during RDX thermal decomposition are discussed. C1 USA, Res Lab, Propuls Sci Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Schroeder, MA (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Propuls Sci Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 57 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0748-4658 J9 J PROPUL POWER JI J. Propul. Power PD MAR-APR PY 2001 VL 17 IS 2 BP 441 EP 448 DI 10.2514/2.5761 PG 8 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 411TZ UT WOS:000167516500029 ER PT J AU Ravikrishna, R Valsaraj, KT Reible, DD Thibodeaux, LJ Price, CB Brannon, JM Myers, TE Yost, S AF Ravikrishna, R Valsaraj, KT Reible, DD Thibodeaux, LJ Price, CB Brannon, JM Myers, TE Yost, S TI Air emission flux from contaminated dredged materials stored in a pilot-scale confined disposal facility SO JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; SOIL; SEDIMENTS; VAPORS; HYDROCARBONS; ADSORPTION; DIFFUSION; HUMIDITY; MOISTURE; SORPTION AB A pilot-scale field simulation was conducted to estimate the air emissions from contaminated dredged material stored in a confined disposal facility (CDF). Contaminated dredged material with a variety of organic chemicals, obtained from Indiana Harbor Canal, was used in the study. It was placed in an outdoor CDF simulator (i.e., a lysimeter of dimensions 4 ft x 4 ft x 2 ft): A portable, dynamic flux chamber was used to periodically measure emissions of various polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). A weather station was set up to monitor and record the meteorological conditions during the experiment. The fluxes of several PAHs were monitored over time for 6(1)/(2) months. Initial 6-hr average fluxes varied from 2 to 20 ng/cm(2)/hr for six different PAHs. The flux values declined rapidly for all compounds soon after placement of the dredged material in the CDF Chemical concentrations derived from flux values were generally of low magnitude compared with ambient standards. Data obtained from the experiment were compared against those predicted using models for air emissions. Model simulations showed that initially the flux was largely from exposed pore water from saturated (wet) sediment, whereas the long-term flux was controlled by diffusion through the pore air of the unsaturated sediment. Model predictions generally overestimated the measured emissions. A rainfall event was simulated, and the dredged material was reworked to simulate:that typical of a CDF operation. Increased flux was observed upon reworking the dredged material. C1 Louisiana State Univ, Gordon A & Mary Cain Dept Chem Engn, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Waterways Expt Stn, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS USA. DynTel Corp, Vicksburg, MS USA. RP Valsaraj, KT (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Gordon A & Mary Cain Dept Chem Engn, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM valsaraj@che.lsu.edu NR 29 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOC PI PITTSBURGH PA ONE GATEWAY CENTER, THIRD FL, PITTSBURGH, PA 15222 USA SN 1047-3289 J9 J AIR WASTE MANAGE JI J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 51 IS 3 BP 361 EP 373 PG 13 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 411WD UT WOS:000167521500008 PM 11266100 ER PT J AU Kelemen, JJ Poulton, T Swartz, MT Jatoi, I AF Kelemen, JJ Poulton, T Swartz, MT Jatoi, I TI Surgical treatment of early-stage breast cancer in the Department of Defense Healthcare System SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF SURGEONS LA English DT Article ID GEOGRAPHIC-VARIATION; CONSERVING TREATMENT; RADICAL-MASTECTOMY; CONSERVATION; RADIATION; THERAPY AB BACKGROUND: The choice between breast-conserving surgery and modified radical mastectomy in the treatment of women with early stage breast cancer in the Department of Defense Healthcare System may be influenced by demographic factors. STUDY DESIGN: The Department of Defense Automated Central Tumor Registry (ACTUR) was queried for women diagnosed with American Joint Committee on Cancer Stage I or II invasive breast carcinoma from January 1, 1986, to December 31, 1996. Univariate analysis and multivariate analysis were applied to the study variables. Year of diagnosis, age at diagnosis, tumor size, type of hospital, geographic region, and local availability of radiation therapy were evaluated with respect to the type of surgical treatment performed. Surgical treatment was either breast conservation therapy (BCT) or modified radical mastectomy. RESULTS: After excluding women for whom the data were incomplete (n = 308), 7,815 women were identified who met study criteria. There was a progressive increase in the use of BCT to treat tumors of all sizes from 16% to 47% over the 11 years of the study (p < 0.0001). BCT was more frequently used for smaller tumors (< 2 cm), with an odds ratio of 2.46 (2.20-2.76, 95% CI). In 1996, 54% of women with T1 (< 2 cm) tumors were treated with BCT. Women treated with BCT were nearly the same age as those undergoing modified radical mastectomy (55.5 years versus 56.8 years, p < 0.0001). BCT was used at a slightly greater rate in medical centers than in community hospitals (31% versus 28%, p < 0.0001). Use of BCT varied among geographic regions from a low of 24% in the southwestern USA to a peak of 36% in the Northeast and 40% in hospitals outside of the continental United States (p < 0.0001). Local availability of radiation therapy did not influence choice of treatment. CONCLUSIONS: The use of BCT to treat early stage invasive breast carcinoma in the Department of Defense Healthcare System is increasing. But BCT is used less often to treat larger tumors. Regional differences in the use of BCT persist, even after controlling for other factors. Patient age and type of hospital (community versus academic center) appear to exert little influence on the choice of treatment. Local availability of radiation therapy did not seem to influence the choice of treatment. Our data suggest that efforts to promote the use of BCT should target the central and southwestern USA. Use of BCT should also be emphasized for women with larger tumors (> 2 cm). (J Am Coll Surg 2001;192:293-297. (C) 2001 by the American College of Surgeons). C1 St Louis Univ, Div Cardiothorac Surg, Dept Surg, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Gen Surg, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Kelemen, JJ (reprint author), St Louis Univ, Div Cardiothorac Surg, Dept Surg, 3635 Vista Ave & Grand Blvd, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. NR 15 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1072-7515 J9 J AM COLL SURGEONS JI J. Am. Coll. Surg. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 192 IS 3 BP 293 EP 297 DI 10.1016/S1072-7515(00)00803-6 PG 5 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 408LA UT WOS:000167326600001 PM 11245370 ER PT J AU Watson, S AF Watson, S TI Sword of the border: Major General Jacob Jennings Brown, 1775-1828 SO JOURNAL OF THE EARLY REPUBLIC LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Watson, S (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC HISTORIANS EARLY AMERICAN REPUBLIC PI W LAFAYETTE PA PURDUE UNIV, 1358 UNIV HALL, W LAFAYETTE, IN 47907-1358 USA SN 0275-1275 J9 J EARLY REPUBL JI J. Early Repub. PD SPR PY 2001 VL 21 IS 1 BP 166 EP 169 DI 10.2307/3125117 PG 4 WC History SC History GA 454LP UT WOS:000169974300030 ER PT J AU Xu, K Ding, MS Jow, TR AF Xu, K Ding, MS Jow, TR TI Quaternary onium salts as nonaqueous electrolytes for electrochemical capacitors SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID DOUBLE-LAYER CAPACITORS; PROPYLENE CARBONATE; ASSOCIATION; STABILITY; SOLVENT; AMINES; ION AB Because of recent discovery that the effect of onium cation symmetricity on its properties could be manipulated to benefit the application of an electrochemical double-layer capacitor, ii series of new unsymmetrical onium salts was synthesized and evaluated as electrolyte solutes in nonaqueous solvents. A relationship was established between the cation/anion structure and melting point as well as solubility of these salts. In order to obtain a detailed view about the effect of onium cation structure on its stability in capacitor application, we investigated the electrochemical stability window of the nonaqueous electrolytes based on these salts, using both a conventional stability window determination and a new approach especially defined for capacitor-like applications. (C) 2001 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Lab, Electrochem Branch, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Xu, K (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Electrochem Branch, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RI Xu, Kang/C-6054-2013 NR 39 TC 62 Z9 64 U1 2 U2 17 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 148 IS 3 BP A267 EP A274 DI 10.1149/1.1350665 PG 8 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA 412GB UT WOS:000167545700013 ER PT J AU Pendleton, JD AF Pendleton, JD TI Sum rules for products of light scattering functions SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA A-OPTICS IMAGE SCIENCE AND VISION LA English DT Article AB Basis vectors of a spherical system are shown to be linear combinations of functions commonly used in light scattering. These expressions are used to obtain an expansion for the unit dyadic as a linear combination of products of these functions, and this expansion is used to motivate the use of matrix orthonormality to obtain a complete set of sum rules for products of scalar light scattering functions. As an example demonstrating the utility of these expressions, sum rules are obtained for dyadic, component, and inner products of vector spherical harmonics used in the theory of light scattering. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL,CI,EM, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Pendleton, JD (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL,CI,EM, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM dpendlet@arl.army.mil NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1084-7529 EI 1520-8532 J9 J OPT SOC AM A JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. A-Opt. Image Sci. Vis. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 18 IS 3 BP 610 EP 613 DI 10.1364/JOSAA.18.000610 PG 4 WC Optics SC Optics GA 405JK UT WOS:000167156100016 ER PT J AU Augh, L Gillespie, JW AF Augh, L Gillespie, JW TI Degradation of continuous carbon fiber reinforced polyetherimide composites during induction heating SO JOURNAL OF THERMOPLASTIC COMPOSITE MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID AROMATIC POLYMERS; CROSSLINKING; PREDICT; MODEL AB Induction heating of carbon-fiber-reinforced thermoplastic-matrix composites has numerous advantages over conventional methods. Volumetric heating and high heating rates offer a significant reduction in cycle times for processing high-quality thick-section composites. However, the influence of high-frequency electromagnetic fields on the composite is not well understood. Two mechanisms of degradation during electromagnetic induction heating of AS4 carbon-fiber polyetherimide (PEI) were studied-thermal degradation and dielectric breakdown. Crosslinking and chain scission reactions are two major thermal degradation mechanisms that occur during melt processing of PEI. Changes in the molecular weight and glass transition temperature of the polymer were quantified over a wide range of process temperatures and times. The rheological properties of the composite system are also monitored to investigate viscosity changes due to molecular weight changes during the process. Dielectric breakdown during the induction process was also carefully examined. No significant change in polymer properties resulted from exposure to high electromagnetic fields. C1 Univ Delaware, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. Univ Delaware, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Univ Delaware, Ctr Composite Mat, Newark, DE 19716 USA. RP Gillespie, JW (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. NR 11 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 4 U2 15 PU TECHNOMIC PUBL CO INC PI LANCASTER PA 851 NEW HOLLAND AVE, BOX 3535, LANCASTER, PA 17604 USA SN 0892-7057 J9 J THERMOPLAST COMPOS JI J. Thermoplast. Compos. Mater. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 14 IS 2 BP 96 EP 115 DI 10.1106/LNR5-QDA0-QKKC-K16R PG 20 WC Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA 418UX UT WOS:000167910600001 ER PT J AU Santoni, RL Webster, SL AF Santoni, RL Webster, SL TI Airfields and roads construction using fiber stabilization of sands SO JOURNAL OF TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article ID BEHAVIOR AB This paper describes laboratory and field tests conducted using a new fiber stabilization technique for sands. Laboratory unconfined compression tests using 51 mm long monofilament polypropylene fibers to stabilize a poorly graded (SP) sand showed an optimum fiber content of 1% (by dry weight). Field test sections were constructed and traffic tested using simulated C-130 aircraft traffic with a 13,608 kg tire load at 690 kPa tire pressure and a 4,536 kg military cargo truck loaded to a gross weight of 18,870 kg. Test results showed that sand-fiber stabilization over a sand subgrade supported over 1,000 passes of a C-130 tire load with less than 51 mm of rutting. The top 102 mm of the sand-fiber layer was lightly stabilized with tree resin to provide a wearing surface. Based on limited truck traffic tests, 203 mm thick sand-fiber layer, surfaced with a spray application of tree resin, would support substantial amounts of military truck traffic. C1 USA, Waterways Expt Stn, Airfields & Pavements Div, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Santoni, RL (reprint author), USA, Waterways Expt Stn, Airfields & Pavements Div, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 9 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 USA SN 0733-947X J9 J TRANSP ENG-ASCE JI J. Transp. Eng.-ASCE PD MAR-APR PY 2001 VL 127 IS 2 BP 96 EP 104 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-947X(2001)127:2(96) PG 9 WC Engineering, Civil; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Transportation GA 405LU UT WOS:000167161800003 ER PT J AU Harrington, DT Mozingo, DW Cancio, L Bird, P Jordan, B Goodwin, CW AF Harrington, DT Mozingo, DW Cancio, L Bird, P Jordan, B Goodwin, CW TI Thermally injured patients are at significant risk for thromboembolic complications SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE thermal injury; deep vein thrombosis; pulmonary embolism; thromboembolic ID LOW-MOLECULAR-WEIGHT; VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM; MAJOR TRAUMA; HEPARIN AB Background: The incidence of thromboembolic complications such as deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) in thermally injured patients is considered sufficiently uncommon that routine prophylactic measures are not warranted. Nevertheless, the incidence of DVT/PE may be increasing. Methods: The records of 1,300 patients admitted to our unit from January 1990 to June 1995 were reviewed. Results: Twenty-three patients developed a clinically significant DVT, eight patients developed a PE, and two patients developed both a DVT and a PE, for an overall DVT/PE incidence of 2,9%, Four of 10 PEs were felt to be fatal. The DVT/PE patients were older (mean age, 42.6 vs. 28.7; p < 0.001) and had larger burns (37% vs. 18%, p < 0.001) than patients without evidence of DVT/PE. Body weight appeared to also influence DVT/PE rates,,with obese patients (>30% over ideal body weight) having a higher incidence than patients with low or normal body weight (7.2 vs. 2,7%, p < 0,015). Age and total body surface area (TBSA) burn had a synergistic effect on DVT/PE risk, with the sum of age and TBSA burn exerting the strongest independent effect when discriminant function analysis was performed (p < 0.001). Conclusion: One can identify a population at increased risk of DVT/PE on the basis of the sum of age and TBSA burn, but prospective screening trials that assess all risk factors for DVT/PE should be performed before routine prophylaxis is used in thermally injured patients. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brown Univ, Sch Med, Dept Surg, Providence, RI 02912 USA. Univ Florida, Sands Burn Ctr, Dept Surg, Gainesville, FL USA. RP Cancio, L (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 11 TC 46 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD MAR PY 2001 VL 50 IS 3 BP 495 EP 499 DI 10.1097/00005373-200103000-00014 PG 5 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 413UD UT WOS:000167629500025 PM 11265029 ER PT J AU Morey, AF Anema, JG Harris, R Gresham, V Daniels, R Knight, RW Beall, D MacPhee, M Cornum, RL AF Morey, AF Anema, JG Harris, R Gresham, V Daniels, R Knight, RW Beall, D MacPhee, M Cornum, RL TI Treatment of grade 4 renal stab wounds with absorbable fibrin adhesive bandage in a porcine model SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE kidney; wounds; stab; hemostasis; fibrin adhesive; swine ID EFFICACY; TRAUMA; GLUE AB Purpose: In a porcine model we evaluated the efficacy of the absorbable fibrin adhesive bandage and other novel fibrin products for treating major renal stab wounds. Materials and Methods: In commercial swine we produced an almost lethal, grade 4 renal stab wound via a 3.5 cm. sagittal, centrally located, through-and-through laceration. Each pig then received treatment in random fashion, including conventional oversewing of capsular defects with absorbable gelatin sponge and horizontal mattress sutures in 6, external absorbable fibrin adhesive bandage that was pressure held for 60 seconds in 6, external and internal absorbable fibrin adhesive bandage that was applied externally, inserted into the renal defect and pressure held for 60 seconds in 6, liquid fibrin sealant that was placed in the laceration and held for 60 seconds in 8, fibrin foam that was applied in the same manner as liquid fibrin in 5 and closing of the peritoneum over the lacerated kidney without further treatment in 6. Blood loss and time to hemostasis were recorded. Animals were sacrificed at 6 weeks to evaluate the injured renal unit. Results: Compared with conventional therapy the absorbable fibrin adhesive bandage applied externally alone or externally and internally resulted in significantly less bleeding and significantly less time to hemostasis (p <0.001). Liquid fibrin and fibrin foam did not reliably achieve hemostasis. Postoperatively computerized tomography and histological sectioning suggested that the absorbable fibrin adhesive bandage results in a stable, durable clot and healing is at least as successful as with conventional treatment. Conclusions: The absorbable fibrin adhesive bandage appears to be a safe, rapid means of renal salvage after injury. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Urol Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Amer Red Cross, Rockville, MD USA. RP Morey, AF (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Urol Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 11 TC 27 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 165 IS 3 BP 955 EP 958 DI 10.1016/S0022-5347(05)66583-4 PG 4 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 401AT UT WOS:000166905300070 PM 11176521 ER PT J AU Wilson, JA Hart, MK AF Wilson, JA Hart, MK TI Protection from Ebola virus mediated by cytotoxic T lymphocytes specific for the viral nucleoprotein SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID EQUINE ENCEPHALITIS-VIRUS; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; GUINEA-PIGS; IN-VIVO; IMMUNIZATION; GENES; MICE; PROPHYLAXIS; INFECTIONS; PEPTIDES AB Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) are proposed to be critical for protection from intracellular pathogens such as Ebola virus. However, there have been no demonstrations that protection against Ebola virus is mediated by Ebola virus-specific CTLs. Here, we report that C57BL/6 mice vaccinated with Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus replicons encoding the Ebola virus nucleoprotein (NP) survived lethal challenge with Ebola virus. Vaccination induced both antibodies to the NP and a major histocompatibility complex class I-restricted CTL response to an Il-amino-acid sequence in the amino-terminal portion of the Ebola virus NP. Passive transfer of polyclonal NP-specific antiserum did not protect recipient mice. In contrast, adoptive transfer of CTLs specific for the Ebola virus NP protected unvaccinated mice from lethal Ebola virus challenge. The protective CTLs were CD8(+), restricted to the Db class I molecule, and recognized an epitope within amino acids 43 to 53 (VYQVNNLEEIC) in the Ebola virus NP. The demonstration that CTLs can prevent lethal Ebola virus infection affects vaccine development in that protective cellular immune responses may be required for optimal protection from Ebola virus. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Hart, MK (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, 1425 Porter St, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. EM marykate.hart@amedd.army.mil NR 23 TC 89 Z9 94 U1 0 U2 17 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X EI 1098-5514 J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 75 IS 6 BP 2660 EP 2664 DI 10.1128/JVI.75.6.2660-2664.2001 PG 5 WC Virology SC Virology GA 405LG UT WOS:000167160400017 PM 11222689 ER PT J AU Boden, M AF Boden, M TI World conflicts: A comprehensive guide to world strife since 1945 SO JOURNAL OF WORLD HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Boden, M (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV HAWAII PRESS PI HONOLULU PA 2840 KOLOWALU ST, HONOLULU, HI 96822 USA SN 1045-6007 J9 J WORLD HIST JI J. World Hist. PD SPR PY 2001 VL 12 IS 1 BP 252 EP 254 DI 10.1353/jwh.2001.0004 PG 3 WC History SC History GA 405ZU UT WOS:000167191100028 ER PT J AU Menning, BW AF Menning, BW TI A decade half-full: Post-Cold War Studies in Russian and Soviet military history SO KRITIKA-EXPLORATIONS IN RUSSIAN AND EURASIAN HISTORY LA English DT Article C1 US Army Command & Gen Staff Coll, Dept Joint & Multinatl Operat, Ft Leavenworth, KS 66027 USA. RP Menning, BW (reprint author), US Army Command & Gen Staff Coll, Dept Joint & Multinatl Operat, Bell Hall Bldg 111 1 Reynolds Ave, Ft Leavenworth, KS 66027 USA. NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLAVICA PUBLISHERS PI BLOOMINGTON PA INDIANA UNIV, 2611 E 10TH ST, BLOOMINGTON, IN 47408-2603 USA SN 0023-4826 J9 KRITIKA JI Kritka PD SPR PY 2001 VL 2 IS 2 BP 341 EP 362 DI 10.1353/kri.2008.0115 PG 22 WC History SC History GA 469TH UT WOS:000170830600012 ER PT J AU Burgess, EB AF Burgess, EB TI The Battle of Britain. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Burgess, EB (reprint author), USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU REED BUSINESS INFORMATION PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD MAR 1 PY 2001 VL 126 IS 4 BP 114 EP 114 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 405NB UT WOS:000167164900142 ER PT J AU Probst, RJ Wellde, BT Lawyer, PG Stiteler, JS Rowton, ED AF Probst, RJ Wellde, BT Lawyer, PG Stiteler, JS Rowton, ED TI Rhesus monkey model for Leishmania major transmitted by Phlebotomus papatasi sandfly bites SO MEDICAL AND VETERINARY ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Leishmania major; Macaca mulatta; Phlebotomus papatasi; cutaneous leishmaniasis; membrane feeding; monkey; primate model; rhesus macaque; parasite transmission; phlebotomine sandflies; sandfly bite ID HUMORAL IMMUNE-RESPONSES; CUTANEOUS LEISHMANIASIS; VERVET MONKEYS; CERCOPITHECUS-AETHIOPS; VISCERAL LEISHMANIASIS; EXPERIMENTAL-INFECTION; PARASITE TRANSMISSION; LUTZOMYIA-LONGIPALPIS; PRESBYTIS-ENTELLUS; NONHUMAN-PRIMATES AB Leishmaniasis research needs a near-human model for investigations of natural infection processes, immunological responses and evaluation of treatments. Therefore, we developed a reproducible system using Leishmania major Yakimoff & Schokhor (Trypanosomatidae: Kinetoplastida), the cause of Old World zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ZCL), transmitted to rhesus monkeys Macaca mulatta (Zimmerman) (Primates: Cercopithecidae) by sandfly bites of experimentally infected Phlebotomus papatasi (Scopoli) (Diptera: Psychodidae). Eight monkeys of presumed Indian origin (Leishmania naive) were exposed to bites of female sandflies that had been infected with L. major by membrane-feeding on human blood seeded with amastigotes isolated from hamster footpad lesions. Infection rates of membrane-fed sandflies averaged >85% seven days after the infective feed, with uniformly high numbers of promastigotes in the stomodaeal valve region of the sandfly gut. Nodules and ulcerating dermal lesions developed on 7/8 monkeys 2-4 weeks post-bite and persisted for 3-7 months. Monkeys also developed satellite lesions beyond the area of sandfly bites on the head, but not on the chest. Three rechallenged monkeys developed lesions that healed faster than lesions from their primary challenges. After infection, monkeys developed delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) responses to a panel of Leishmania skin test antigens (LSTA) and, when tested by ELISA and IFA, showed significant post-infection antibody titres which typically rose for similar to 170 days and then gradually receded during the next 100 days following the first challenge. After the second challenge, antibody titres spiked higher within similar to 50 days and receded more rapidly. In contrast, four rhesus macaques of Chinese origin developed no lesions following infected sandfly bites, although they raised antibodies and LSTA reactions, indicating subclinical infection. C1 WRAIR, Dept Entomol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Vet Med, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Rowton, ED (reprint author), WRAIR, Dept Entomol, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RI Rowton, Edgar/A-4474-2012; Rowton, Edgar/A-1975-2011 OI Rowton, Edgar/0000-0002-1979-1485 NR 54 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0269-283X J9 MED VET ENTOMOL JI Med. Vet. Entomol. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 15 IS 1 BP 12 EP 21 DI 10.1046/j.1365-2915.2001.00283.x PG 10 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 417EC UT WOS:000167821600002 PM 11297097 ER PT J AU Sawka, MN Latzka, WA Montain, SJ Cadarette, BS Kolka, MA Kraning, KK Gonzalez, RR AF Sawka, MN Latzka, WA Montain, SJ Cadarette, BS Kolka, MA Kraning, KK Gonzalez, RR TI Physiologic tolerance to uncompensable heat: intermittent exercise, field vs laboratory SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Article DE core temperature; heat exhaustion; temperature regulation ID STRAIN; RESPONSES; STRESS; ACCLIMATION; ENVIRONMENT; VALIDATION; INTENSITY; MODELS AB Purpose: This study determined whether exercise (30 min)-rest (10 min) cycles alter physiologic tolerance to uncompensable heat stress (UCHS) when outdoors in the desert. In addition, the relationship between core temperature and exhaustion from heat strain previously established in laboratory studies was compared with field studies. Methods: Twelve men completed four trials: moderate intensity continuous exercise (MC), moderate intensity exercise with intermittent rest (MI), hard intensity continuous exercise (HC), and hard intensity exercise with intermittent rest (HI). UCHS was achieved by wearing protective clothing and exercising (estimated at 420 W or 610 W) outdoors in desert heat. Results: Heat Stress Index values were 200%, 181%, 417%, and 283% for MC, MI, HC, and HI, respectively. Exhaustion from heat strain occurred in 36 of 48 trials. Core temperatures at exhaustion averaged 38.6 +/- 0.5 degrees, 38.9 +/- 0.6 degrees, 38.9 +/- 0.7 degrees, and 39.0 +/- 0.7 degreesC for MC, MI, HC, and HI, respectively. Core temperature at exhaustion was not altered (P > 0.05) by exercise intensity or exercise-rest cycles and 50% of subjects incurred exhaustion at core temperature of 39.4 degreesC. These field data were compared with laboratory and field data collected over the past 35 years. Aggregate data for 747 laboratory and 131 field trials indicated that 50% of subjects incurred exhaustion at core temperatures of 38.6 degrees and 39.5 degreesC, respectively. When heat intolerant subjects (exhaustion < 38.3C core temperature) were removed from the analysis, subjects from laboratory studies (who underwent short-term acclimation) still demonstrated less (0.8 degreesC) physiological tolerance than those from field studies (who underwent long-term acclimatization). Conclusion: Exercise-rest cycles did not alter physiologic tolerance to UCHS. In addition, subjects from field studies demonstrate greater physiologic tolerance than subjects from laboratory studies. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Sawka, MN (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 34 TC 45 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 6 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 33 IS 3 BP 422 EP 430 DI 10.1097/00005768-200103000-00014 PG 9 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 408RX UT WOS:000167342400014 PM 11252069 ER PT J AU Smidt, ML AF Smidt, ML TI The international criminal court: An effective means of deterrence? SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Review ID WAR AB In the prospect of an international criminal court lies the promise of universal justice. That is the simple and soaring hope of this vision. We are close to its realization. We will do our part to see it through till the end. We ask you... to do yours in the struggle to ensure that no ruler, no State, no junta and no army anywhere can abuse human rights with impunity. Only then will the innocents of distant wars and conflicts know that they, too, may sleep under the cover of justice; that they, too, have rights, and that those who violate those rights will be punished. C1 USA, Judge Advocate Gen Sch, Washington, DC USA. RP Smidt, ML (reprint author), USA, Judge Advocate Gen Sch, Washington, DC USA. NR 190 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 4 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 167 BP 156 EP 240 PG 85 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 423BF UT WOS:000168155000004 ER PT J AU Bagwell, JE AF Bagwell, JE TI Descent into darkness SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Judge Advocate Gen Sch, Judge Advocate Officer Grad Course 49, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. RP Bagwell, JE (reprint author), USA, Judge Advocate Gen Sch, Judge Advocate Officer Grad Course 49, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 167 BP 241 EP 247 PG 7 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 423BF UT WOS:000168155000005 ER PT J AU Perlak, JR AF Perlak, JR TI The greatest threat: Iraq, weapons of mass destruction, and the crisis of global security SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Judge Advocate Gen Sch, Judge Advocate Officer Grad Course 49, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. RP Perlak, JR (reprint author), US Marine Corps, Washington, DC 20380 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 167 BP 248 EP 253 PG 6 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 423BF UT WOS:000168155000006 ER PT J AU Jamison, IM AF Jamison, IM TI Breaking out: VMI and the coming of women SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Judge Advocate Gen Sch, Judge Advocate Officer Grad Course 49, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. RP Jamison, IM (reprint author), USA, Judge Advocate Gen Sch, Judge Advocate Officer Grad Course 49, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 167 BP 254 EP 260 PG 7 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 423BF UT WOS:000168155000007 ER PT J AU Smawley, GR AF Smawley, GR TI Virtual War: Kosovo and beyond SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Judge Advocate Gen Sch, Judge Advocate Officer Grad Course 49, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. RP Smawley, GR (reprint author), USA, Judge Advocate Gen Sch, Judge Advocate Officer Grad Course 49, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 167 BP 261 EP 270 PG 10 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 423BF UT WOS:000168155000008 ER PT J AU O'Brien, WF AF O'Brien, WF TI Virtual War: Kosovo and beyond SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Book Review AB Despite our apparent victory, this theme is also at the center of the Kosovo story: why nations that have never been more immune from the risks of waging war should remain so unwilling to run them. Virtzral war attempts to explain this paradox, by exploring the new technology of war and the emerging morality governing its use. C1 USA, Judge Advocate Gen Sch, Judge Advocate Officer Grad Course 49, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. RP O'Brien, WF (reprint author), USA, Judge Advocate Gen Sch, Judge Advocate Officer Grad Course 49, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 167 BP 271 EP 280 PG 10 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 423BF UT WOS:000168155000009 ER PT J AU Calkins, MD Kuzma, PJ Larkin, TM Green, DL AF Calkins, MD Kuzma, PJ Larkin, TM Green, DL TI Pain management in the special operations environment: Regional anesthetics SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID LOCAL-ANESTHETICS; ROPIVACAINE; BUPIVACAINE; CARDIOTOXICITY; LIDOCAINE AB Pain relief is an essential component of combat casualty care. For the injured soldier, analgesia is not only a matter of comfort. Alleviating pain may allow the soldier to remain quiet when noise discipline is at a premium. It may also allow that person to continue to move, thus avoiding detection and potentially permitting the mission to carry on. Regional anesthetics provide an alternative to systemic medications and thus may avoid a clouded sensorium, limit narcotic administration, and provide superior pain relief. Standard local anesthetics and newer agents with potential field applicability are discussed along with their side effect profiles. Simple nerve block techniques that can be used by Army Special Forces medics, Navy SEAL and Reconnaissance corpsmen, and Air Force pararescuemen in the far forward environment are described step by step. The advantages of these regional anesthetic methods should make their use a must for every special operations medical care provider. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Resuscitat Med, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Calkins, MD (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Resuscitat Med, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 12 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 166 IS 3 BP 211 EP 216 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 411ML UT WOS:000167503800007 PM 11263021 ER PT J AU Pusateri, AE Holcomb, JB Harris, RA MacPhee, MJ Charles, NC Beall, LD Hess, JR AF Pusateri, AE Holcomb, JB Harris, RA MacPhee, MJ Charles, NC Beall, LD Hess, JR TI Effect of fibrin bandage fibrinogen concentration on blood loss after grade V liver injury in swine SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID HEMOSTATIC EFFICACY; HEPATIC HEMORRHAGE; PACKING; TRAUMA; DEATH; MODEL; GLUE AB Objective: To determine the effect of fibrinogen concentration of dry fibrin bandages on blood loss after grade V liver injury. Methods: Twenty-four pigs were used. Grade V liver injuries were induced and treated with dry fibrin bandages containing 0, 4, 8, or 15 mg fibrinogen/cm(2), Animals were monitored for 60 minutes. Blood loss, fluid use, hematological data, and hemostasis mere assessed. Results: Post-treatment blood losses (mean and 95% confidence interval [CI]) were 1,560 mt (356-6,844), 372 mt (65-2,134), 225 mt (51-992), and 127 mt (22-732) in the 0-, 4-, 8-, and 15-mg groups, respectively, Only the 15-mg group had results significantly lower than the 0-mg group (p < 0.05). Blood loss was negatively related to fibrinogen concentration (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Fibrinogen concentration was inversely related to blood loss after grade V liver injury. The 15-mg formulation was the only one that significantly reduced blood loss. C1 William Beaumont Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, El Paso, TX 79920 USA. RP Pusateri, AE (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 25 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 166 IS 3 BP 217 EP 222 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 411ML UT WOS:000167503800008 PM 11263022 ER PT J AU Walsworth, M Kessler, T AF Walsworth, M Kessler, T TI Diagnosing exertional rhabdomyolysis: A brief review and report of two cases SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID EXERCISE; MYOGLOBINURIA AB Exertional rhabdomyolysis is a potentially dangerous condition that involves release of intracellular contents from skeletal muscle in concentrations that may cause renal or other systemic complications. The purpose of the two case reports presented is to assist clinicians in recognizing this condition and in considering its predisposing factors, This paper describes two patients who, in the presence of several predisposing risk factors, developed exertional rhabdomyolysis. After diagnoses of rhabdomyolysis were reached, both patients were admitted to a local hospital for several days of monitoring and treatment. After 1 to 2 months of activity modification, both patients successfully resumed full physical activity and military duty. C1 Kenner Army Hlth Clin, Ft Lee, VA 23801 USA. RP Walsworth, M (reprint author), Kirk US Army Hlth Clin, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 18 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 5 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 166 IS 3 BP 275 EP 277 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 411ML UT WOS:000167503800023 PM 11263034 ER PT J AU Andriko, JAW Morrison, A Colegial, CH Davis, BJ Jones, RV AF Andriko, JAW Morrison, A Colegial, CH Davis, BJ Jones, RV TI Rosai-Dorfman disease isolated to the central nervous system: A report of 11 cases SO MODERN PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE central nervous system; Rosai-Dorfman disease; sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy ID PLASMA-CELL GRANULOMA; EXTRANODAL SINUS HISTIOCYTOSIS; SPINAL-CORD TUMOR; MASSIVE LYMPHADENOPATHY; INVOLVEMENT; MASSES AB Sinus histocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy, also known as Rosai-Dorfman Disease (RDD), is an idiopathic histiocytic proliferation affecting lymph nodes. Although extranodal involvement has been reported in diverse sites, central nervous system (CNS) manifestation, particularly in the absence of nodal disease is uncommon. We report 11 cases of RDD primary to the CNS without evidence of other sites of involvement. The cases included 7 males and 4 females ranging in age from 22 to 63 years (mean: 41 y), The patients presented with headaches, seizures, numbness, or paraplegia Eight cases involved the cranial cavity and three cases, the spinal canal, Lesions were most often extra-axial and dura based. Only one presented in the CNS parenchyma, Histologically, the lesions consisted of variable numbers of pale-staining histocytes with emperipolesis often overshadowed by extensive lymphoplasmacytic infiltrates and fibrosis in the background. Special stains for organisms were negative, By immunohistochemical analysis, the characteristic histiocytes were positive for S100 protein and CD68 and negative for CD1a. Treatment consisted of surgical biopsy or excision. Follow-up, available for 10 cases with intervals ranging from 5 days to 42 months (mean: 15 mo), disclosed one patient dying of operative complications 5 days after biopsy and nine patients with no evidence of disease progression RDD should be considered in the differential diagnosis of inflammatory lesions of the CNS. Our study suggests that this entity may have been misdiagnosed in the past as plasma cell granuloma or inflammatory pseudotumor. C1 Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Hematopathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. George Washington Univ, Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20052 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Andriko, JAW (reprint author), Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Hematopathol, 6825 16th St NW,Rm 6124A, Washington, DC 20306 USA. NR 40 TC 106 Z9 119 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0893-3952 J9 MODERN PATHOL JI Mod. Pathol. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 14 IS 3 BP 172 EP 178 DI 10.1038/modpathol.3880278 PG 7 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA 417KL UT WOS:000167834100006 PM 11266522 ER PT J AU Ockenhouse, CF Barbosa, A Blackall, DP Murphy, CI Kashala, O Dutta, S Lanar, DE Daugherty, JR AF Ockenhouse, CF Barbosa, A Blackall, DP Murphy, CI Kashala, O Dutta, S Lanar, DE Daugherty, JR TI Sialic acid-dependent binding of baculovirus-expressed recombinant antigens from Plasmodium falciparum EBA-175 to Glycophorin A SO MOLECULAR AND BIOCHEMICAL PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE malaria; EBA-175; glycophorin A; invasion; Baculovirus expression ID MALARIA PARASITES; ERYTHROCYTE INVASION; RECEPTOR; PROTEINS; ANTIBODIES; PATHWAYS; DOMAIN; IDENTIFICATION; CONSERVATION; DISRUPTION AB The Plasmodium falciparum Erythrocyte Binding Antigen-175. EBA-175, is a soluble merozoite stage parasite protein which binds to glycophorin A surface receptors on human erythrocytes. We have expressed two conserved cysteine-rich regions. region II and region VI, of this protein as soluble His-tagged polypeptides in insect cell culture, and have tested their function in erythrocyte and glycophorin A binding assays. Recombinant region II polypeptides comprised of the F2 sub-domain or the entire region II (F1 and F2 sub-domains together) bound to erythrocytes and to purified glycophorin A in a manner similar to the binding of native P. falciparum EBA-175 to human red cells. Removal of sialic acid residues from the red cell surface totally abolished recombinant region II binding, while trypsin treatment of the erythrocyte surface reduced but did not eliminate recombinant region II binding. Synthetic peptides from three discontinuous regions of the F2 sub-domain of legion II inhibited human erythrocyte cell binding and glycophorin A receptor recognition. Immune sera raised against EBA-175 recombinant proteins recognized native P. falciparum-derived EBA-175. and sera from malaria-immune adults recognized recombinant antigens attesting to both the antigenicity and immunogenicity of proteins. These results: suggest that the functionally-active recombinant region II domain of EBA-175 may be an attractive candidate for inclusion in multi-component asexual blood stage vaccines. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, Silver Spring, MD USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Aquila Biopharmaceut Inc, Worcester, MA USA. RP Ockenhouse, CF (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, Silver Spring, MD USA. RI Lanar, David/B-3560-2011; OI Barbosa, Arnoldo/0000-0001-8652-7396 NR 27 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-6851 J9 MOL BIOCHEM PARASIT JI Mol. Biochem. Parasitol. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 113 IS 1 BP 9 EP 21 DI 10.1016/S0166-6851(00)00375-3 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Parasitology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Parasitology GA 415ZJ UT WOS:000167753200002 PM 11254950 ER PT J AU Munasinghe, A Patankar, S Cook, BP Madden, SL Martin, RK Kyle, DE Shoaibi, A Cummings, LM Wirth, DJ AF Munasinghe, A Patankar, S Cook, BP Madden, SL Martin, RK Kyle, DE Shoaibi, A Cummings, LM Wirth, DJ TI Serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) in Plasmodium falciparum: application of the technique to A-T rich genomes SO MOLECULAR AND BIOCHEMICAL PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Plasmodium falciparum; malaria; serial analysis of gene expression; genomics ID CELL LUNG-CANCER; 6 KB ELEMENT; TRANSCRIPT PROFILES; RIBOSOMAL-RNAS; MALARIA; PROJECT; DNA; IDENTIFICATION; MICROARRAYS; SEQUENCE AB The advent of high-throughput methods for the analysis of global gene expression, together with the Malaria Genome project open up new opportunities for furthering our understanding of the fundamental biology and virulence of the malaria parasite. Serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) is particularly well suited for malarial systems, as the genomes of Plasmodium species remain to be fully annotated. By simultaneously and quantitatively analyzing mRNA transcript profiles from a given cell population, SAGE allows for the discovery of new genes. In this study, one reports the successful application of SAGE in Plasmodium falciparum, 3D7 strain parasites. from which a preliminary library of 6880 tags corresponding to 4146 different genes was generated. It was demonstrated that P. falciparum is amenable to this technique, despite the remarkably high A-T content of its genome. SAGE tags as short as 10 nucleotides were sufficient to uniquely identify parasite transcripts from both nuclear and mitochondrial genomes. Moreover. the skewed A-T content of parasite sequence did not preclude the use of enzymes that are crucial for generating representative SAGE libraries. Finally, a few modifications to DNA extraction and cloning steps of the SAGE protocol proved useful for circumventing specific problems presented by A-T rich genomes. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Immunol & Infect Dis, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Genzyme Corp, Genzyme Mol Oncol, Framingham, MA 01701 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Dept Parasitol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Inst Genom Res, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. RP Wirth, DJ (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Immunol & Infect Dis, Bldg 1,Room 704,665 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA. NR 34 TC 36 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-6851 J9 MOL BIOCHEM PARASIT JI Mol. Biochem. Parasitol. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 113 IS 1 BP 23 EP 34 DI 10.1016/S0166-6851(00)00378-9 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Parasitology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Parasitology GA 415ZJ UT WOS:000167753200003 PM 11254951 ER PT J AU Wu, CH Madabusi, L Nishioka, H Emanuel, P Sypes, M Arkhipova, I Gilmour, DS AF Wu, CH Madabusi, L Nishioka, H Emanuel, P Sypes, M Arkhipova, I Gilmour, DS TI Analysis of core promoter sequences located downstream from the TATA element in the hsp70 promoter from Drosophila melanogaster SO MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RNA-POLYMERASE-II; HEAT-SHOCK; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; NONTEMPLATE STRAND; CROSS-LINKING; TFIID COMPLEX; DNA; GENE; BOX; BINDING AB TFIID recognizes multiple sequence elements in the hsp70 promoter of Drosophila. Here, we investigate the function of sequences downstream from the TATA element. A mutation in the initiator was identified that caused an eightfold reduction in binding of TFIID and a fourfold reduction in transcription in vitro. Another mutation in the +24 to +29 region was somewhat less inhibitory, but a mutation in the +14 to +19 region had essentially no effect. The normal promoter and the mutants in the initiator and the +24 to +29 region were transformed into flies by P element-mediated transformation. The initiator mutation reduced expression an average of twofold in adult flies, whereas the mutation in the +24 to +29 region had essentially no effect. In contrast, a promoter combining the two mutations was expressed an average of sixfold less than the wild type. The results suggest that the initiator and the +24 to +29 region could serve overlapping functions in vivo. Protein-DNA cross-linking was used to identify which subunits of TFIID contact the +24 to +29 region and the initiator. No specific subunits mere found to cross-link to the +24 to +29 region. In contrast, the initiator cross-linked exclusively to dTAF230. Remarkably, dTAF230 cross-links approximately 10 times more efficiently to the nontranscribed strand than to the transcribed strand at the initiator. C1 Penn State Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Ctr Gene Regulat, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Univ Texas, Inst Mol & Cellular Biol, Austin, TX 78742 USA. NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. USA, ERDEC, SCBRD, RT,Bioproc Engn Facil, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Harvard Univ, Dept Mol & Cellular Biol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Gilmour, DS (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Ctr Gene Regulat, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [R01 GM047477, GM47477] NR 43 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0270-7306 J9 MOL CELL BIOL JI Mol. Cell. Biol. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 21 IS 5 BP 1593 EP 1602 DI 10.1128/MCB.21.5.1593-1602.2001 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 401RU UT WOS:000166942700017 PM 11238896 ER PT J AU Fox, DW Lewin, WHG Rutledge, RE Morgan, EH Guerriero, R Bildsten, L van der Klis, M van Paradijs, J Moore, CB Dotani, T Asai, K AF Fox, DW Lewin, WHG Rutledge, RE Morgan, EH Guerriero, R Bildsten, L van der Klis, M van Paradijs, J Moore, CB Dotani, T Asai, K TI Search for millisecond periodicities in type I X-ray bursts of the Rapid Burster SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE stars : individual : Rapid Burster (MXB 1730-335); X-rays : bursts; X-rays : individual : Rapid Burster (MXB 1730-335); X-rays : stars ID TIMING-EXPLORER; COHERENT OSCILLATIONS; EVOLUTION; DISCOVERY AB We have searched the rising portion of type I X-ray bursts observed from the Rapid Burster with the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer for the presence of periodicities. The 95 per cent confidence upper limit on the average rms variation of near coherent pulsations with a width of less than or similar to1 Hz (in 60-2048 Hz) during the first second of the bursts is <8.8 per cent. We find a possible detection (> 98 per cent significance) at 306.5 Hz. C1 MIT, Ctr Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. CALTECH, Space Radiat Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Phys, W Point, NY 10996 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Inst Theoret Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Amsterdam, Astron Inst Anton Pannekoek, NL-1098 SJ Amsterdam, Netherlands. Ctr High Energy Phys, NL-1098 SJ Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Alabama, Dept Phys, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 229, Japan. RP Fox, DW (reprint author), MIT, Ctr Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. NR 30 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 321 IS 4 BP 776 EP 782 DI 10.1046/j.1365-8711.2001.04085.x PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 413UG UT WOS:000167629700017 ER PT J AU Schomer, PD AF Schomer, PD TI A statistical description of blast sound propagation SO NOISE CONTROL ENGINEERING JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB Sound propagation over long distances is greatly influenced by the conditions of the land surface and the prevailing weather, As is well known, sound velocity varies with weather conditions, primarily air temperature and wind velocity, Most research on sound propagation has focussed on the prediction of individual event levels based on the conditions in effect at that time. Few have studied the distribution of events over long periods and long distances. Rather, they have concentrated on case studies and single-event predictive methods. This paper examines the statistical distributions of received blast sound data as functions of distance, The results show that the distributions of received blast sounds over long distances form a regular family of curves and that each can be approximated as portions of two normal distributions, the higher-level data and the lower-level data, The straight lines representing the higher level, when drawn on normal probability paper, are such that the point at which they cross 50 percent decays regularly with distance. The slope to these lines regularly increases with distance, and the percent of all data included within the higher-level set regularly decreases with distance. All of the over land data are quite similar suggesting that the total energy received for average blast sound situations is independent of site. Rather, the received energy increases only when sound propagation conditions are specially selected for enhanced propagation. Over water, the propagation is decidedly enhanced as compared to over land, Three parameters are used to completely specify the high-level data distributions, Straight-line approximations are fit to data yielding these three parameters as functions of distance in both over land and over water situations, (C) 2001 Institute of Noise Control Engineering. C1 USA, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61826 USA. RP Schomer, PD (reprint author), USA, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61826 USA. NR 8 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU INST NOISE CONTROL ENG PI POUGHKEEPSIE PA PO BOX 3206 ARLINGTON BRANCH, POUGHKEEPSIE, NY 12603 USA SN 0736-2501 J9 NOISE CONTROL ENG J JI Noise Control Eng. J. PD MAR-APR PY 2001 VL 49 IS 2 BP 79 EP 87 DI 10.3397/1.2839643 PG 9 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Acoustics; Engineering GA 428DG UT WOS:000168445400002 ER PT J AU Kaufman, MW AF Kaufman, MW TI WOCN education - Response SO NURSING ECONOMICS LA English DT Letter C1 Dwight D Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Ft Gordon, GA USA. RP Kaufman, MW (reprint author), Dwight D Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Ft Gordon, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JANNETTI PUBLICATIONS, INC PI PITMAN PA EAST HOLLY AVENUE, BOX 56, PITMAN, NJ 08071-0056 USA SN 0746-1739 J9 NURS ECON JI Nurs. Econ. PD MAR-APR PY 2001 VL 19 IS 2 BP 61 EP 61 PG 1 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA 533YM UT WOS:000174557900006 ER PT J AU Bursell, SE Cavallerano, JD Cavallerano, AA Clermont, AC Birkmire-Peters, D Aiello, LP Aiello, LM AF Bursell, SE Cavallerano, JD Cavallerano, AA Clermont, AC Birkmire-Peters, D Aiello, LP Aiello, LM CA Joslin Vision Network Res Team TI Stereo nonmydriatic digital-video color retinal imaging compared with early treatment diabetic retinopathy study seven standard field 35-mm stereo color photos for determining level of diabetic retinopathy SO OPHTHALMOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FOLLOW-UP; FUNDUS PHOTOGRAPHY; PRACTICE PATTERNS; EYE DISEASE; MELLITUS; CARE; AGREEMENT; CAMERA; KAPPA; IMPLEMENTATION AB Objective: To evaluate the ability to determine clinical levels of diabetic retinopathy, timing of next appropriate retinal evaluation, and necessity of referral to ophthalmology specialists using stereoscopic nonmydriatic digital-video color retinal images as compared with Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) seven standard field 35-mm stereoscopic color fundus photographs. Design: Prospective, clinic-based, comparative instrument validation study. Participants: Fifty-four patients (108 eyes) with type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus selected after chart review from a single center to include the full spectrum of diabetic retinopathy. Methods: Nonsimultaneous 45 degrees -field stereoscopic digital-video color images (JVN images) were obtained from three fields with the Joslin Vision Network (JVN) system before pupil dilation. Following pupil dilation, ETDRS seven standard field 35-mm stereoscopic color 30 degrees fundus photographs (ETDRS photos) were obtained. Joslin Vision Network images and ETDRS photos were graded on a lesion-by-lesion basis by two independent, masked readers to assess ETDRS clinical level of diabetic retinopathy. An independent ophthalmology retina specialist adjudicated interreader disagreements in a masked fashion. Main Outcome Measures: Determination of ETDRS clinical level of diabetic retinopathy, timing of next ophthalmic evaluation of diabetic retinopathy, and need for prompt referral to ophthalmology specialist. Results: There was substantial agreement (kappa = 0.65) between the clinical level of diabetic retinopathy assessed from the undilated JVN images and the dilated ETDRS photos. Agreement was excellent (kappa = 0.87) for suggested referral to ophthalmology specialists for eye examinations. Comparison of individual lesions between the JVN images and the ETDRS photos and for interreader comparisons were comparable to the prior ETDRS study. Conclusions: Undilated digital-video images using the JVN system were comparable photographs for the determination of diabetic retinopathy level. The results validate the agreement between nonmydriatic JVN images and dilated ETDRS photographs and suggest that this digital technique may be an effective telemedicine tool for remotely determining the level of diabetic retinopathy, suggesting timing of next retinal evaluation and identifying the need for prompt referral to ophthalmology specialists. Thus, the JVN system would be an appropriate tool for facilitating increased access of diabetic patients into recommended eye evaluations, but should not be construed as a paradigm that would replace the need for comprehensive eye examinations. C1 Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Beetham Eye Inst, Joslin Diabet Ctr, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Ophthalmol, Boston, MA USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Aiello, LM (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Beetham Eye Inst, Joslin Diabet Ctr, 1 Joslin Pl, Boston, MA 02215 USA. NR 57 TC 142 Z9 150 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0161-6420 EI 1549-4713 J9 OPHTHALMOLOGY JI Ophthalmology PD MAR PY 2001 VL 108 IS 3 BP 572 EP 585 DI 10.1016/S0161-6420(00)00604-7 PG 14 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 405AN UT WOS:000167135200036 PM 11237913 ER PT J AU Driggers, RG Volimerhausen, R Krapels, K AF Driggers, RG Volimerhausen, R Krapels, K TI Target identification performance as a function of temporal and fixed pattern noise SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE infrared systems; performance modeling; noise AB With the increased interest and use of staring IR focal plane arrays, the characterization of fixed pattern noise in task performance is becoming more important. Past work includes theoretical treatments and laboratory measurements to describe the characteristics of fixed pattern noise on target acquisition performance. This is the first target acquisition experiment that describes the relative effects of fixed pattern noise and temporal noise on target identification. Static IR tank images are processed with six different levels of fixed pattern noise and six different levels of temporal noise. A perception experiment is performed where 10 U.S. Army soldiers were tasked to identify the tanks through the combinations of noise. Additive noise was applied in both Gaussian and uniform distributions. The results enable a direct comparison between the effects of fixed pattern noise and temporal noise on target identification. (C) 2001 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 USA, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Phys Based Modeling Branch, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Driggers, RG (reprint author), USA, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Phys Based Modeling Branch, 10221 Burbeck Rd, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. NR 8 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOCIETY OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 40 IS 3 BP 443 EP 447 DI 10.1117/1.1346583 PG 5 WC Optics SC Optics GA 415HB UT WOS:000167714400016 ER PT J AU Dunkers, JP Phelan, FR Sanders, DP Everett, MJ Green, WH Hunston, DL Parnas, RS AF Dunkers, JP Phelan, FR Sanders, DP Everett, MJ Green, WH Hunston, DL Parnas, RS TI The application of optical coherence tomography to problems in polymer matrix composites SO OPTICS AND LASERS IN ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE optical coherence tomography; composites; microstructure; permeability; damage; imaging ID FIBROUS POROUS-MEDIA; INPLANE FLOW AB The Composites Group at the National Institute of Standards and Technology has found optical coherence tomography (OCT) to be a powerful tool for non-destructive characterization of polymer matrix composites. Composites often exhibit superior properties to traditional materials such as wood and metal. However, the barrier to their widespread infiltration into consumer markets is cost. Composites can be made more cost competitive by improved composite design, process optimization, and quality control. OCT provides a means of evaluating the three aforementioned areas. OCT is a very versatile technique that can be applied to a variety of problems in polymer composites such as: microstructure determination for permeability and mechanical property prediction, void, dry spot, and defect detection, and damage evaluation. Briefly, OCT uses a low coherence source such as a superluminescent diode laser with a fiber optic based Michelson interferometer, Tn this configuration, the composite is the fixed arm of the interferometer. Reflections from heterogeneities within the sample are mapped as a function of thickness for any one position. Volume information is generated by translating the sample on a motorized stage. Information about the location and size of a feature within the composite is obtained. In this work, the power of OCT for imaging composite microstructure and damage is presented. An example of permeability prediction using the composite microstructure imaged from OCT is demonstrated. The effect of image processing on the value of permeability is discussed. Using the same sample, OCT imaging of composite impact damage is compared to more traditional techniques, X-ray computed tomography and confocal microscopy. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Polymer Composites Grp, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Med Technol Program, Livermore, CA USA. USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Dunkers, JP (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Polymer Composites Grp, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. NR 21 TC 42 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0143-8166 J9 OPT LASER ENG JI Opt. Lasers Eng. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 35 IS 3 BP 135 EP 147 DI 10.1016/S0143-8166(01)00010-0 PG 13 WC Optics SC Optics GA 426LU UT WOS:000168351300001 ER PT J AU Centini, M Scalora, M D'Aguanno, G Sibilia, C Bertolotti, M Bloemer, MJ Bowden, CM Haus, JW AF Centini, M Scalora, M D'Aguanno, G Sibilia, C Bertolotti, M Bloemer, MJ Bowden, CM Haus, JW TI Efficient nonlinear infrared parametric generation in one-dimensional photonic band gap structures SO OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE photonic bad gap; nonlinear frequency conversion; downconversion; infrared; parametric ID 2ND-HARMONIC GENERATION; PERIODIC STRUCTURES; LIGHT; EDGE; ENHANCEMENT; PROPAGATION; SOLITONS; CRYSTAL; PULSES; FINITE AB Using numerical methods and the effective index approach that we recently discussed in a separate publication, we show that it is possible to obtain highly efficient, phase matched nonlinear generation of infrared (3 mum) radiation in a one-dimensional photonic band gap structure. We predict conversion efficiencies that approach pump depletion in single-pass geometry, assuming chi ((2)) values of order 100 pm/V, and pump intensities of order 100 MW/cm(2). (C) 2001 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Time Domain Corp, Huntsville, AL 35806 USA. Univ Rome La Sapienza, INFM, I-00161 Rome, Italy. Univ Rome La Sapienza, Dipartimento Energet, I-00161 Rome, Italy. USA, Aviat & Missile Command, Weapon Sci Directorate, AMSMI,RD,WS,ST, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. Univ Dayton, Electroopt Program, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. RP Scalora, M (reprint author), Time Domain Corp, Cummings Res Pk,7057 Old Madison Pike, Huntsville, AL 35806 USA. OI D'Aguanno, Giuseppe/0000-0002-7132-0103; CENTINI, MARCO/0000-0003-0625-0054 NR 29 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0030-4018 J9 OPT COMMUN JI Opt. Commun. PD MAR 1 PY 2001 VL 189 IS 1-3 BP 135 EP 142 DI 10.1016/S0030-4018(01)00994-4 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA 408AU UT WOS:000167305000019 ER PT J AU Mirotznik, M Beck, WA Prather, D Vollmerhausen, R Driggers, R AF Mirotznik, M Beck, WA Prather, D Vollmerhausen, R Driggers, R TI Optical absorption modeling of thermal infrared detectors by use of the finite-difference time-domain method SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB The optical absorption of thin-film thermal infrared detectors was calculated as a function of wavelength, pixel size, and area fill factor by use of the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. The results indicate that smaller pixels absorb a significantly higher percentage of incident energy than larger pixels with the same fill factor. A polynomial approximation to the FDTD results was derived for use in system models. (C) 2001 Optical Society of America. C1 Catholic Univ Amer, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Washington, DC 20064 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Univ Delaware, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Newark, DE 19711 USA. USA, Night Vis Lab, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Mirotznik, M (reprint author), Catholic Univ Amer, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Washington, DC 20064 USA. NR 5 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD MAR 1 PY 2001 VL 26 IS 5 BP 280 EP 282 DI 10.1364/OL.26.000280 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 405WK UT WOS:000167183400010 PM 18040301 ER PT J AU Sam-Yellowe, TY Fujioka, H Aikawa, M Hall, T Drazba, JA AF Sam-Yellowe, TY Fujioka, H Aikawa, M Hall, T Drazba, JA TI A Plasmodium falciparum protein located in Maurer's clefts underneath knobs and protein localization in association with Rhop-3 and SERA in the intracellular network of infected erythrocytes SO PARASITOLOGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Plasmodium falciparum; cytoplasmic vesicles; knobs; longitudinal clefts; merozoites; malaria; Maurer's clefts; parasitophorous vacuole membrane; protein-trafficking; rhoptry Rhop-3; serine-rich antigen (SERA); intracellular network ID PARASITOPHOROUS VACUOLE MEMBRANE; HOST-CELL INVASION; RHOPTRY PROTEIN; TOXOPLASMA-GONDII; SECRETORY PATHWAY; MALARIA PARASITE; RED-CELLS; TRANSPORT; BINDING; ANTIGEN AB We report on the characterization of monoclonal antibodies against Plasmodium falciparum schizonts, which recognize parasite proteins of 130 kDa and 20 kDa. The 130-kDa protein was released by alkaline sodium carbonate treatment, suggesting that the protein is a peripheral membrane protein, while the 20-kDa protein remained associated with the membranes following alkali treatment, suggesting it may be an integral membrane protein. Both proteins were localized to large cytoplasmic vesicles within the cytoplasm of trophozoite and schizont-infected erythrocytes by immunofluorescence assay and confocal microscopy, Both proteins colocalized with Bodipy-ceramide in trophozoite and immature schizont-infected erythrocytes, but not in segmenters. The 130-kDa protein was localized by immunoelectron microscopy (IEM) to Maurer's clefts underneath knobs in a knobby and cytoadherent (K+/ C+) P. falciparum strain. No IEM reactivity was obtained in a knobless and non-cytoadherent (K-/C-) parasite strain. We investigated stage-specific protein expression and protein localization by indirect immunofluorescence assay. Bodipy-ceramide colocalization assays with Rhop-3 and serine-rich antigen (SERA)specific antibodies were performed. A similar colocalization in trophozoites and schizonts was obtained using the rhoptry-specific antibody 1B9 reactive with the 110-kDa Rhop-3 protein. In segmenters, unlike trophozoites and immature schizonts, there was no Bodipy-ceramide colocalization with antibody 1B9. A difference in protein colocalization was seen using specific antibody 152.3F7.1.1, reactive with SERA. Antibodies to SERA colocalized with Bodipy-ceramide in schizonts, including segmenters. Collectively the data suggest that Rhop-3 transits through the intracellular network en route to the rhoptries and both vesicle-specific proteins may function in the intracellular network. C1 Cleveland State Univ, Dept Biol Geol & Environm Sci, Cleveland, OH 44115 USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, Inst Pathol, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. Tokai Univ, Res Inst Med Sci, Isehara, Kanagawa 25911, Japan. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Cleveland Clin Fdn, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA. RP Sam-Yellowe, TY (reprint author), Cleveland State Univ, Dept Biol Geol & Environm Sci, 2399 Euclid Ave,S1 219, Cleveland, OH 44115 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI36470, AI35827] NR 52 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0932-0113 J9 PARASITOL RES JI Parasitol. Res. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 87 IS 3 BP 173 EP 185 DI 10.1007/PL00008572 PG 13 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 405YY UT WOS:000167189200001 PM 11293564 ER PT J AU Fenton, C Anderson, JS Patel, AD Lukes, Y Solomon, B Tuttle, RM Ringel, MD Francis, GL AF Fenton, C Anderson, JS Patel, AD Lukes, Y Solomon, B Tuttle, RM Ringel, MD Francis, GL TI Thyroglobulin messenger ribonucleic acid levels in the peripheral blood of children with benign and malignant thyroid disease SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTASE; CARCINOMA; CELLS; CANCER AB Reverse transcriptase-PCR has identified thyroglobulin mRNA (Tg mRNA) in peripheral blood of normal adults and adults with thyroid cancer. However, no children were studied. The primary objective of this study was to determine whether whole blood Tg mRNA levels differ between benign and malignant thyroid disease in children. The secondary goals were to determine whether whole blood Tg mRNA levels vary with age or pubertal development among children with thyroid disease. Whole blood Tg mRNA levels were determined in 38 children (29 girls, nine boys; median age, 14.5 y; range, 4.8-20.4 y) with benign and malignant thyroid disease and correlated with diagnosis, age, pubertal status, thyroid size, and serum levels of free thyroxine, TSH, and Tg protein. Tg mRNA levels ranged from 3.3 to 104 pg Eq/mug total thyroid RNA (mean. 28 +/- 20.2 pg Eq/mug total thyroid RNA) and were similar in benign and malignant disorders (p = 0.67). However, in children with previously treated papillary thyroid cancer, Tg mRNA levels directly correlated with total body I-131 uptake (p = 0.026) and serum Tg protein (p = 0.037). There was no difference between boys and girls, and no change with pubertal maturation. In children with benign thyroid disease, Tg mRNA levels correlated with serum TSH (p = 0.031), but not with diagnosis, age, Tanner stage, or thyroid size. We conclude that Tg mRNA levels are similar in children with benign and malignant thyroid disease and unchanged by age or pubertal status. but correlated with tumor burden in previously treated papillary thyroid cancer. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, F Edward Hebert Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Washington Hosp Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20010 USA. Medstar Res Inst, Washington, DC 20010 USA. RP Francis, GL (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, F Edward Hebert Sch Med, Dept Pediat, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 11 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT PEDIATRIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 USA SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 49 IS 3 BP 429 EP 434 DI 10.1203/00006450-200103000-00020 PG 6 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 407WA UT WOS:000167292700018 PM 11228272 ER PT J AU D'Aguanno, G Centini, M Scalora, M Sibilia, C Bloemer, MJ Bowden, CM Haus, JW Bertolotti, M AF D'Aguanno, G Centini, M Scalora, M Sibilia, C Bloemer, MJ Bowden, CM Haus, JW Bertolotti, M TI Group velocity, energy velocity, and superluminal propagation in finite photonic band-gap structures SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID PULSE-PROPAGATION; TUNNELING TIMES AB We have analyzed the notions of group velocity V-g and energy velocity V-E for light pulses propagating inside one-dimensional photonic band gap structures of finite length. We find that the two velocities are related through the transmission coefficient t as V-E = \t\V-2(g). It follows that V-E = V-g only when the transmittance is unity (\t\(2) = 1). This is due to the effective dispersive properties of finite layered structures, and it allows us to better understand a wide range of phenomena, such as superluminal pulse propagation. In fact, placing the requirement that the energy velocity should remain subluminal leads directly to the condition V-g less than or equal to c/\t\(2). This condition places a large upper limit on the allowed group velocity of the tunneling pulse at frequencies of vanishingly small transmission. C1 Univ Rome La Sapienza, INFM, I-00161 Rome, Italy. Univ Rome La Sapienza, Dipartimento Energet, I-00161 Rome, Italy. USA, Aviat & Missile Command, RD&E Ctr, Weapons Sci Directorate, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. Time Domain Corp, Huntsville, AL 35806 USA. Univ Dayton, Electoopt Program, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. RP D'Aguanno, G (reprint author), Univ Rome La Sapienza, INFM, Via Scarpa 16, I-00161 Rome, Italy. NR 18 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD MAR PY 2001 VL 63 IS 3 AR 036610 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.63.036610 PN 2 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 413QV UT WOS:000167624000097 ER PT J AU Armstrong, SC Cozza, KL AF Armstrong, SC Cozza, KL TI Consultation-liaison psychiatry drug-drug interactions update SO PSYCHOSOMATICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Willmar Reg Treatment Ctr, Willmar, MN 56201 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Armstrong, SC (reprint author), Willmar Reg Treatment Ctr, 1550 Hwy 71 N, Willmar, MN 56201 USA. NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PRESS, INC PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST, N W, STE 1101, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0033-3182 J9 PSYCHOSOMATICS JI Psychosomatics PD MAR-APR PY 2001 VL 42 IS 2 BP 157 EP 159 DI 10.1176/appi.psy.42.2.157 PG 3 WC Psychiatry; Psychology SC Psychiatry; Psychology GA 406QR UT WOS:000167227100013 PM 11239131 ER PT J AU Kofford, KR Wakefield, CW Murchison, DF AF Kofford, KR Wakefield, CW Murchison, DF TI Aluminum oxide air abrasion particles: A bacteriologic and SEM study SO QUINTESSENCE INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE air abrasion; aluminum oxide powder; mean particle size; microbial contamination; microdentistry ID MICROBIAL-CONTAMINATION; ENAMEL; DENTIN; BRANDS AB Objective: The objective is to determine if aerobic and anaerobic sampling yields Viable biologic contaminants in the aluminum oxide air abrasion powder as delivered by the manufacturer and to determine mean particle size for comparison with the published size from manufacturers and the range of sizes in the powders. Method and materials: Samples from 15 unopened aluminum oxide powder containers from 9 different manufacturers were plated on aerobic and anaerobic culture media. The cultures were incubated at 35 degreesC and observed at 24-hour intervals. Samples of each of the 15 groups were subjected to scanning electron microscope (SEM) examination. Photomicrographs were obtained and a range and mean particle size determined. Results: Aerobic and anaerobic cultures demonstrated no growth in any of the samples. Mean particle size determined by SEM for 25- to 27.5-mum particles ranged from 27.3 mum to 32.0 mum with standard deviations from 1.06 mum to 7.70 mum. Mean particle size for 50 mum particles ranged from 51.6 mum to 59.7 mum with standard deviations of 5.48 mum to 14.80 mum. Conclusion: Aluminum oxide powders as delivered by manufacturers appeared to be free from viable microorganisms. The powder mean particle sizes approximate the labeled sizes closely enough such that they should perform properly in air abrasion tooth preparation. C1 Texas A&M Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Adv Educ Gen Dent Program, Baylor Coll Dent, Dallas, TX 75246 USA. USA, 2 Year Program, Ft Hood, TX USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Gen Dent, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. RP Wakefield, CW (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Adv Educ Gen Dent Program, Baylor Coll Dent, Dallas, TX 75246 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU QUINTESSENCE PUBL CO INC PI CAROL STREAM PA 551 NORTH KIMBERLY DR, CAROL STREAM, IL 60188-1881 USA SN 0033-6572 J9 QUINTESSENCE INT JI Quintessence Int. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 32 IS 3 BP 243 EP 248 PG 6 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 413DY UT WOS:000167595700011 PM 12066666 ER PT J AU Crowder, TA Jensen, NC AF Crowder, TA Jensen, NC TI The effect of protein intake on strength output and body composition changes of competitive collegiate football players SO RESEARCH QUARTERLY FOR EXERCISE AND SPORT LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ALLIANCE HEALTH PHYS EDUC REC & DANCE PI RESTON PA 1900 ASSOCIATION DRIVE, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0270-1367 J9 RES Q EXERCISE SPORT JI Res. Q. Exerc. Sport PD MAR PY 2001 VL 72 IS 1 SU S BP A20 EP A20 PG 1 WC Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism; Psychology, Applied; Psychology; Sport Sciences SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Psychology; Sport Sciences GA 410VC UT WOS:000167460900015 ER PT J AU Pan, YL Cobler, P Rhodes, S Potter, A Chou, T Holler, S Chang, RK Pinnick, RG Wolf, JP AF Pan, YL Cobler, P Rhodes, S Potter, A Chou, T Holler, S Chang, RK Pinnick, RG Wolf, JP TI High-speed, high-sensitivity aerosol fluorescence spectrum detection using a 32-anode photomultiplier tube detector SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID INTRINSIC FLUORESCENCE; BIOLOGICAL PARTICLES; AIRBORNE PARTICLES; UV FLUORESCENCE; LASER AB We employ a 32-anode photomultiplier tube (PMT) in a fluorescence detection system and demonstrate its ability to record broad fluorescence spectra at frame rates in excess of 1.4x10(3) Hz, which is 56x faster than the frame rate of an intensified charge coupled device detector. The multi-anode PMT has single-photon detectable sensitivity. A new data acquisition and processing system for the multi-anode PMT, together with the system-controlling software, has been developed. The performance characteristics of the fluorescence detection system, including the data rate capability, dynamic range, signal-to-noise ratio, and crosstalk among the different anodes, are reported. The 32-anode PMT and acquisition system are suitable for a real-time, field-portable, multichannel optical analyzer. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 New Mexico State Univ, Phys Sci Lab, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. 20 New England Business Ctr, Vtech Engn Corp, Andover, MA 01810 USA. Yale Univ, Dept Appl Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Yale Univ, Ctr Laser Diagnost, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. USA, Res Lab, Computat & Informat Sci Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Univ Lyon 1, LASIM, CNRS, UMR 5579, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France. RP Pan, YL (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, Phys Sci Lab, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RI Wolf, Jean-Pierre/B-8315-2012 OI Wolf, Jean-Pierre/0000-0003-3729-958X NR 12 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 72 IS 3 BP 1831 EP 1836 DI 10.1063/1.1344179 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 406BK UT WOS:000167194900036 ER PT J AU Morgan, DJ AF Morgan, DJ TI National hydrographic data content standard SO SEA TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Topog Engn Ctr, Alexandria, VA USA. RP Morgan, DJ (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Topog Engn Ctr, Alexandria, VA USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU COMPASS PUBL INC PI ARLINGTON PA SUITE 1000 1117 N 19 ST, ARLINGTON, VA 22209 USA SN 0093-3651 J9 SEA TECHNOL JI Sea Technol. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 42 IS 3 BP 45 EP 46 PG 2 WC Engineering, Ocean SC Engineering GA 417KH UT WOS:000167833800009 ER PT J AU Moran, KA Ales, NC Hemmer, PA AF Moran, KA Ales, NC Hemmer, PA TI Newly diagnosed human immunodeficiency virus after sepsis-like reaction to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole SO SOUTHERN MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID ADVERSE REACTIONS; HIV-INFECTION; AIDS; TRIMETHOPRIM/SULFAMETHOXAZOLE; MENINGITIS; PATIENT AB A rare sepsis-like hypersensitivity reaction has been observed in persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) after exposure to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. This reaction most commonly occurs on rechallenge with the drug and is manifested by a syndrome resembling bacterial sepsis. The mechanism of this unusual reaction remains unclear. We describe the first case in which this severe hypersensitivity reaction was the initial manifestation of HIV. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Infect Dis, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Moran, KA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Infect Dis, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOUTHERN MEDICAL ASSN PI BIRMINGHAM PA 35 LAKESHORE DR PO BOX 190088, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35219 USA SN 0038-4348 J9 SOUTHERN MED J JI South.Med.J. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 94 IS 3 BP 350 EP 352 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 415JC UT WOS:000167717000019 PM 11284528 ER PT J AU Klemme, WR Owens, BD Dhawan, A Zeidman, S Polly, DW AF Klemme, WR Owens, BD Dhawan, A Zeidman, S Polly, DW TI Lumbar sagittal contour after posterior interbody fusion - Threaded devices alone versus vertical cages plus posterior instrumentation SO SPINE LA English DT Article DE fusion; interbody; lordosis; lumbar; sagittal contour ID PLANE ALIGNMENT; SCOLIOSIS; LORDOSIS AB Study Design. An observational radiographic study examining lumbar sagittal contour of patients undergoing posterior interbody arthrodesis. Objectives. To compare operative alterations of lumbar sagittal contour after posterior interbody fusion using threaded interbody devices alone versus vertical cages combined with posterior compression instrumentation. Summary of Background Data. Technique-related alterations of lumbar sagittal contour during interbody arthrodesis have received little attention in the spinal literature. Methods. Standing lumbar radiographs were measured for preoperative and postoperative segmental lordosis at levels undergoing posterior interbody arthrodesis using either stand-alone side-by-side threaded devices or vertical cages combined with posterior transpedicular compression instrumentation. Sagittal plane segmental correction (or loss of correction) was calculated and statistically compared. Results. The radiographs of 30 patients (34 spinal segments) undergoing lumbar or lumbosacral arthrodesis were compared. Seventeen patients (18 segments) had undergone interbody fusion using threaded cages, whereas 13 patients (16 segments) underwent fusion using vertically oriented mesh cages combined with posterior compression instrumentation. Preoperative segmental lordosis averaged 8 degrees for both groups. For patients undergoing fusion with threaded cages, there was a mean lordotic loss of 3 degrees /segment. For patients undergoing fusion with vertically oriented mesh cages combined with posterior compression instrumentation, there was a mean lordotic gain of 5 degrees /segment. This difference in segmental sagittal plane contour was highly significant (P = 0.00). Conclusion. Threaded fusion devices placed under interbody distraction with the endplates parallel fail to preserve or reestablish segmental lordosis. Vertical cages, however, when combined with posterior compression instrumentation, not only maintain segmental lordosis, but also can correct sagittal plane deformity. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed Surg & Rehabil, Orthopaed Surg Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Neurosurg Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Klemme, WR (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed Surg & Rehabil, Orthopaed Surg Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 12 TC 20 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0362-2436 J9 SPINE JI SPINE PD MAR 1 PY 2001 VL 26 IS 5 BP 534 EP 537 PG 4 WC Clinical Neurology; Orthopedics SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Orthopedics GA 413LH UT WOS:000167613300011 PM 11317974 ER PT J AU Hill, JV Allman, LR Ditzler, TF AF Hill, JV Allman, LR Ditzler, TF TI Utility of real-time video teleconferencing in conducting family mental health sessions: Two case reports SO TELEMEDICINE JOURNAL AND E-HEALTH LA English DT Article ID TELEPSYCHIATRY; TELEMEDICINE AB Due to the worldwide mission of the military, service members often find themselves isolated from their families and other important people in their lives. Historically, this has been especially problematic during periods of illness, as the isolation has precluded the meaningful involvement of families in patient care. With the increased availability of real-time video teleconferences (VTCs), however, providers may now gain access to family members. The Inpatient Psychiatry Department at Tripler has conducted therapeutic trials of family meetings using real time VTCs. These meetings are used to facilitate social support and mend family disconnections. The high clarity images offered through this system were instrumental in developing a virtual interactive social presence among the participants. Despite the potential benefits of VTC in gaining accessing to family support, there is little mention of such clinical family meetings in the medical literature. This report describes two case examples of the application of real-time family VTC in the management of mental illness. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Ctr Excellence Disaster Management & Humanitarian, Liaison Mental Hlth Programs, Honolulu, HI USA. RP Hill, JV (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 27 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 1530-5627 J9 TELEMED J E-HEALTH JI Telemed. J. e-Health PD SPR PY 2001 VL 7 IS 1 BP 55 EP 59 DI 10.1089/153056201300093930 PG 5 WC Health Care Sciences & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA 423YF UT WOS:000168204800007 PM 11321710 ER PT J AU See, WA McLeod, D Iversen, P Wirth, M AF See, WA McLeod, D Iversen, P Wirth, M TI The bicalutamide Early Prostate Cancer Program: Demography SO UROLOGIC ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE bicalutamide; local prostate cancer; adjuvant ID THERAPY; RADIOTHERAPY; GOSERELIN AB BACKGROUND: The optimal treatment for early prostate cancer has yet to be established. A well-tolerated hormonal therapy such as bicalutamide could be a useful treatment option in this setting, either as adjuvant or immediate therapy. A major collaborative clinical trials program was set up to investigate bicalutamide as a treatment option for local prostate cancer (localized or locally advanced disease). METHODS: The bicalutamide Early Prostate Cancer program comprises three randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials of similar design that are being conducted in distinct geographical areas (North America; Australia, Europe, Israel, South Africa and Mexico; and Scandinavia). Men with T1b-4N0-1M0 (TNM 1997) prostate cancer have been randomized on a 1:1 basis to receive bicalutamide 150 mg daily or placebo. Recruitment to the program closed in July 1998, and follow-up is ongoing. Study endpoints: include time to clinical progression, overall survival and tolerability. RESULTS: 8113 men aged 38 to 93 years (mean 66.9) were randomized over a 3-year period. 67.4% of the enrolled patients had localized disease (T1-2) and 66.4% had a Gleason score less than or equal to6 at study entry, while the majority of patients had node-negative (NO) disease; only 3.1% in two of the studies and none in the third study had confirmed N+ disease. Overall, 71.8% of the patients received therapy of primary curative intent within 16 weeks of randomization; the remainder received watchful waiting as their primary approach. Across the program, the two randomized groups are well balanced. CONCLUSION: This is the largest randomized clinical trial program to date in local prostate cancer and is expected to provide critical information on the role of bicalutamide as an addition to standard care for patients with local prostate cancer who have received a therapy of curative intent or are candidates for watchful waiting. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Med Coll Wisconsin, Div Urol, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Copenhagen, Rigshosp, Dept Urol, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. Tech Univ Dresden, Klin & Poliklin Urol, D-8027 Dresden, Germany. RP See, WA (reprint author), Med Coll Wisconsin, Div Urol, 9200 W Wisconsin Ave, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. NR 10 TC 52 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1078-1439 J9 UROL ONCOL JI Urol. Oncol. PD MAR-APR PY 2001 VL 6 IS 2 BP 43 EP 47 DI 10.1016/S1078-1439(00)00118-6 PG 5 WC Oncology; Urology & Nephrology SC Oncology; Urology & Nephrology GA 403BQ UT WOS:000167023000001 ER PT J AU Batuello, JT Gamito, EJ Crawford, ED Han, M Partin, AW McLeod, DG O'Donnell, C AF Batuello, JT Gamito, EJ Crawford, ED Han, M Partin, AW McLeod, DG O'Donnell, C TI Artificial neural network model for the assessment of lymph node spread in patients with clinically localized prostate cancer SO UROLOGY LA English DT Article ID PATHOLOGICAL STAGE; ANTIGEN; CARCINOMA; PREDICT; RECURRENCE; DIAGNOSIS; UPDATE; MEN AB Objectives. To develop an artificial neural network (ANN) model to predict lymph node (LN) spread in men with clinically localized prostate cancer acid to describe a clinically useful method for interpreting the ANN's output scores. Methods, A simple, feed-forward ANN was trained and validated using clinical and pathologic data from two institutions (n = 6135 and n = 319). The clinical stage, biopsy Gleason sum, and prostate-specific antigen level were the input parameters and the presence or absence of LN spread was the output parameter, Patients with similar ANN outputs were grouped and assumed to be part of a cohort, The prevalence of LN spread for each of these patient cohorts was plotted against the range of ANN outputs to create a risk curve. Results. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for the first and second validation data sets was 0.81 and 0.77, respectively, At an ANN output cutoff of 0.3, the sensitivity achieved for each validation set was 63.8% and 44.4%; the specificity was 81.5% and 81.3%; the positive predictive value was 13.6% and 6.5%; and the negative predictive value was 98.0% and 98.1%, respectively. The risk curve showed a nearly linear increase (best fit R-2 = 0.972) in the prevalence of LN spread with increases in raw ANN output. Conclusions, The ANN's performance on the two validation data sets suggests a role for ANNs in the accurate clinical staging of patients with prostate cancer. The risk curve provides a clinically useful tool that can be used to give patients a realistic assessment of their risk of LN spread. UROLOGY 57: 481-485, 2001. (C) 2001, Elsevier Science Inc. C1 Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, AANs CaP Project, Denver, CO 80209 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Urol Oncol Sect, Denver, CO 80209 USA. Johns Hopkins Med Inst, James Buchanan Brady Urol Inst, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Urol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Gamito, EJ (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, AANs CaP Project, 300 S Jackson St,Suite 540, Denver, CO 80209 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA-58236] NR 19 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0090-4295 J9 UROLOGY JI UROLOGY PD MAR PY 2001 VL 57 IS 3 BP 481 EP 485 DI 10.1016/S0090-4295(00)01039-6 PG 5 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 412KH UT WOS:000167553200020 PM 11248624 ER PT J AU Watson, RP Blanchard, TW Mense, MG Gasper, PW AF Watson, RP Blanchard, TW Mense, MG Gasper, PW TI Histopathology of experimental plague in cats SO VETERINARY PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE bubonic plague; cats; histopathology; immunohistochemistry; lymph node; pneumonic plague; sylvatic plague; Yersinia pestis; zoonoses ID YERSINIA-PESTIS INFECTION; PNEUMONIC PLAGUE; DOMESTIC CAT; CALIFORNIA; DOGS; SURVEILLANCE; DISEASE AB Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded archival tissues of seven adult cats of both sexes that died after being experimentally infected with Yersinia pestis were examined light microscopically to characterize the lesions. The cats were exposed in two groups using two routes of infection: ingestion of Y. pestis-infected rodent or a subcutaneous injection of Y. pestis to simulate a flea bite. Immunohistochemistry was performed on tissues from all organ systems from a representative cat from each group to determine the distribution of Y. pestis bacilli during infection. In all seven cats, bubonic plague lesions were seen. The lesions of pneumonic plague were present in two cats. Septicemic plague was confirmed in all seven cats by bacteriologic culture. Aggregations of bacteria were seen in lymphoid tissue in all cats and in lung tissues from the two cats with pneumonic plague. The most consistent histologic finding was necrosuppurative inflammation in the lymph nodes. Invariably, Y. pestis bacteria were present in large numbers at affected sites. Orally infected cats had more numerous lesions in the lymph nodes of the head and neck regions. These experimentally induced cases of feline plague document that cats are unique among carnivores in exhibiting bubonic, pneumonic, and septicemic plague following exposure to Y. pestis. The lesions of the orally infected cats were consistent with those previously described for naturally occurring Y. pestis infections in cats and corroborate the contention that cats most commonly contract plague by eating Y. pestis-infected rodents and not via flea bite. The histopathology of Y, pestis disease in these cats is comparable to that described for human plague. C1 Univ Maryland, Avrum Gudelsky Ctr Vet Med, Dept Pathol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Gasper, PW (reprint author), NIA, Gerontol Res Ctr, IRP, NIH, 5600 Nathan Shock Dr, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA. NR 34 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER COLL VET PATHOLOGIST PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0300-9858 J9 VET PATHOL JI Vet. Pathol. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 38 IS 2 BP 165 EP 172 DI 10.1354/vp.38-2-165 PG 8 WC Pathology; Veterinary Sciences SC Pathology; Veterinary Sciences GA 410LH UT WOS:000167441100004 PM 11280372 ER PT J AU Steele, KE Stabler, K VanderZanden, L AF Steele, KE Stabler, K VanderZanden, L TI Cutaneous DNA vaccination against Ebola virus by particle bombardment: Histopathology and alteration of CD3-positive dendritic epidermal cells SO VETERINARY PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE CD3; dendritic epidermal cells; DNA vaccine; guinea pigs; immunohistochemistry; mice; skin ID NUCLEIC-ACID VACCINES; CYTO-TOXIC ACTIVITY; DELTA T-CELLS; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; GENETIC IMMUNIZATION; PLASMID DNA; ENCEPHALITIS-VIRUS; ANTIBODY-RESPONSES; THY-1 ANTIGEN; PROTECT MICE AB We analyzed the localization of gold particles, expression of immunogenic protein, and histopathologic changes after vaccinating guinea pigs and mice with a DNA vaccine to the Ebola virus glycoprotein administered by cutaneous particle bombardment. Gold particles were deposited in all layers of the epidermis and in the dermis. Those in the epidermis were lost as the damaged layers sloughed, while those in the dermis were phagocytized by macrophages. Glycoprotein was demonstrated by immunohistochemistry primarily in keratinocytes in the epidermis and hair follicle epithelium and less frequently in dermal macrophages, fibroblasts, sebocytes, and cells that appeared to be Langerhans cells. The number of cells that expressed glycoprotein increased between 4 and 8 hours postvaccination, then decreased to near zero by 48 hours. The vaccine sites were histologically divisible into three zones. The central portion, zone 1, contained the most gold particles in the dermis and epidermis and had extensive tissue damage, including full-thickness epidermal necrosis. Zone 2 contained fewer gold particles in the epidermis and dermis and had less extensive necrosis. The majority of cells in which glycoprotein was expressed were in zone 2. Zone 3 contained gold particles only in the epidermis and had necrosis of only a few scattered cells. Regeneration of the epidermis in damaged areas was evident at 24 hours postvaccination and was essentially complete by day 5 in the mice and day 10 in the guinea pigs. Inflammatory changes were characterized by hemorrhage, edema, and infiltrates of neutrophils initially and by infiltrates of lymphocytes and macrophages at later times. In zone 1, inflammation affected both the epidermis and dermis. Peripherally, inflammation was relatively limited to the epidermis. CD3-positive dendritic epidermal cells were demonstrated in the epidermis and superficial hair follicles of unvaccinated immunocompetent mice and beige mice but not of SCID mice. These cells disappeared from all but the most peripheral portions of the vaccine sites of vaccinated mice within 24 hours. They reappeared slowly, failing to reach numbers comparable with unvaccinated mice by 35 days postvaccination. The epidermis of control guinea pigs also had CD3-positive cells, but they did not have dendrites. These findings should contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms operating in response to DNA vaccination by particle bombardment. C1 USA, Div Pathol, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Div Virol, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Steele, KE (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Pathol, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 47 TC 18 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER COLL VET PATHOLOGIST PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0300-9858 J9 VET PATHOL JI Vet. Pathol. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 38 IS 2 BP 203 EP 215 DI 10.1354/vp.38-2-203 PG 13 WC Pathology; Veterinary Sciences SC Pathology; Veterinary Sciences GA 410LH UT WOS:000167441100009 PM 11280377 ER PT J AU Colgin, LMA Schulman, FY Dubielzig, RR AF Colgin, LMA Schulman, FY Dubielzig, RR TI Multiple epulides in 13 cats SO VETERINARY PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE epulis; feline; oral cavity ID DOGS; CANINE AB Epulides account for 0-7.8% of tumors in surveys of feline oral neoplasms. A review of the literature revealed no reports of multiple epulides in cats. Multiple, concurrent epulides were diagnosed microscopically in 13 cats. Fibromatous and ossifying epulides were diagnosed in II of 13 cats and fibromatous epulides were diagnosed in 2 of 13 cats. Microscopically, these epulides were nonencapsulated, well-vascularized, infiltrative, highly cellular neoplasms that expanded the gingiva and were composed of haphazardly arranged, spindle-shaped to stellate cells amid a dense, collagenous stroma. Osseous foci were a feature in the fibromatous and ossifying epulides. The mitotic rate was low and there was marked hyperplasia of the overlying gingiva with a prominent downgrowth of epithelial cords. These tumors recurred in 8 of 13 cats following surgical excision. While uncommon, multiple epulides in cats have a high incidence of recurrence but do not appear to have metastatic potential. C1 USA, Dept Vet Med, Med Component, Armed Forces Inst Med Sci, APO, AP 96546 USA. RP Colgin, LMA (reprint author), USA, Dept Vet Med, Med Component, Armed Forces Inst Med Sci, APO, AP 96546 USA. NR 13 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER COLL VET PATHOLOGIST PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0300-9858 J9 VET PATHOL JI Vet. Pathol. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 38 IS 2 BP 227 EP 229 DI 10.1354/vp.38-2-227 PG 3 WC Pathology; Veterinary Sciences SC Pathology; Veterinary Sciences GA 410LH UT WOS:000167441100013 PM 11280381 ER PT J AU Tansel, B Regula, J Shalewitz, R AF Tansel, B Regula, J Shalewitz, R TI Evaluation of ultrafiltration process performance for treatment of petroleum contaminated waters SO WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION LA English DT Article DE coagulation; membrane fouling; petroleum hydrocarbons; ultrafiltration; water treatment ID REVERSE-OSMOSIS MEMBRANES; FOULING MECHANISMS; PRETREATMENT; OIL; ORGANICS; SYSTEMS AB A series of 2(4) factorial design experiments were performed to study the effects of source water type, contaminant concentration, prefiltration and use of a coagulant on the performance of ultrafiltration process (UF) for treatment of waters contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons (PHCs). The process performance was evaluated in terms of initial flux through the membrane, fouling time and PHC removal efficiency. The higher levels of PHC contamination significantly decreased the initial flux, membrane life and PHC removal efficiency. Coagulation pretreatment significantly improved the membrane life and PHC removal efficiency with no significant effect on the initial flux. Prefiltration to remove the flocs from the coagulated water samples did not improve the fouling time but improved the PHC removal efficiency. C1 Florida Int Univ, Civil & Environm Engn Dept, Miami, FL 33199 USA. WEI Environm Serv Inc, Miami, FL USA. USA, Belvoir Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Ft Belvoir, VA USA. RP Tansel, B (reprint author), Florida Int Univ, Civil & Environm Engn Dept, Miami, FL 33199 USA. NR 25 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 4 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0049-6979 J9 WATER AIR SOIL POLL JI Water Air Soil Pollut. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 126 IS 3-4 BP 291 EP 305 DI 10.1023/A:1005214326723 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA 396LY UT WOS:000166638900007 ER PT J AU Taylor, S Feng, XH Kirchner, JW Osterhuber, R Klaue, B Renshaw, CE AF Taylor, S Feng, XH Kirchner, JW Osterhuber, R Klaue, B Renshaw, CE TI Isotopic evolution of a seasonal snowpack and its melt SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID HYDROGRAPH SEPARATIONS; SNOWMELT RUNOFF; GROUNDWATER; MELTWATER; WATER; FLOW AB The study of isotopic variation in snowmelt from seasonal snowpacks is useful for understanding snowmelt processes and is important for accurate hydrograph separation of spring runoff. However, the complex and variable nature of processes within a snowpack has precluded a quantitative link between the isotopic composition of the original snow and its melt. This work studies the isotopic composition of new snow and its modification by snow metamorphism and melting. To distinguish individual snowstorms, we applied solutions of rare earth elements to the snow surface between storms. The snowmelt was isotopically less variable than the snowpack, which in turn was less variable than the new snow, reflecting isotopic redistribution during metamorphism and melting. The snowmelt had low delta O-18 values early in the season and became progressively enriched in O-18 as the pack continued to melt. On a given day, meltwater delta O-18 was systematically lower whenever melt rates were low than when melt rates were high. The progressive enrichment in delta O-18 of snowmelt and the dependence of delta O-18 on melt rates can be explained by isotopic exchange between liquid water and ice. A one-dimensional (l-D) model of the melting process, including advection and water-ice isotopic exchange kinetics, reproduces the observed progressive O-18 enrichment of snowmelt. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Dartmouth Coll, Dept Earth Sci, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Cent Sierra Snow Lab, Soda Springs, CA 95728 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Geol Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Taylor, S (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RI Kirchner, James/B-6126-2009 OI Kirchner, James/0000-0001-6577-3619 NR 38 TC 81 Z9 85 U1 3 U2 27 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 37 IS 3 BP 759 EP 769 DI 10.1029/2000WR900341 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 408EE UT WOS:000167312900026 ER PT J AU Vanderwerf, EA Rohrer, JL Smith, DG Burt, MD AF Vanderwerf, EA Rohrer, JL Smith, DG Burt, MD TI Current distribution and abundance of the O'ahu 'Elepaio SO WILSON BULLETIN LA English DT Article ID BREEDING BIOLOGY; HAWAII; MALARIA; FORESTS AB The O'ahu 'Elepaio (Chasiempis sandwichensis ibidis) is a monarch flycatcher endemic to the Hawaiian island of O'ahu. This forest bird has declined seriously in the last few decades and was Listed as endangered under the federal Endangered Species Act in April 2000. The current distribution and population size of the O'ahu 'Elepaio are poorly known, and this information is vital to designing a recovery plan and implementing recovery actions. We surveyed most of O'ahu for 'Elepaio from 1992-2000 and compiled published and unpublished observations to estimate the current population size and construct current, recent historical, and prehistoric distribution maps. Based on 411 observations since 1991, we estimate the current population to be 1974 birds in six large subpopulations and several smaller ones. The breeding population consists of about 1768 birds due to a male-biased sex ratio, and the genetically effective population size is even lower because of the fragmented distribution. Total area of the current range is approximately 5486 ha, only 4% of the prehistoric range, and 25% of the range in 1975. Habitat loss to urbanization and agriculture caused large range reductions in the past, but cannot explain more recent declines. 'Elepaio disappeared first from areas of higher rainfall, possibly because epizootics of introduced mosquito-borne diseases are more frequent where wetter conditions provide more mosquito breeding habitat. Management is urgently needed to prevent further declines and extirpation of smaller subpopulations. C1 Univ Hawaii, Dept Zool, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. US Army Garrison, Environm Div, Directorate Publ Works, Schofield Barracks, HI 96857 USA. Dept Land & Nat Resources, Div Forestry & Wildlife, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Vanderwerf, EA (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, 300 Ala Moana Blvd,Room 3-122,Box 50088, Honolulu, HI 96850 USA. NR 33 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 4 PU WILSON ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC PI ANN ARBOR PA MUSEUM OF ZOOLOGY UNIV MICHIGAN, ANN ARBOR, MI 48109 USA SN 0043-5643 J9 WILSON BULL JI Wilson Bull. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 113 IS 1 BP 10 EP 16 DI 10.1676/0043-5643(2001)113[0010:CDAAOT]2.0.CO;2 PG 7 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA 455NC UT WOS:000170032100002 ER PT J AU Arnon, SS Schechter, R Inglesby, TV Henderson, DA Bartlett, JG Ascher, MS Eitzen, E Fine, AD Hauer, J Layton, M Lillibridge, S Osterholm, MT O'Toole, T Parker, G Perl, TM Russell, PK Swerdlow, DL Tonat, K AF Arnon, SS Schechter, R Inglesby, TV Henderson, DA Bartlett, JG Ascher, MS Eitzen, E Fine, AD Hauer, J Layton, M Lillibridge, S Osterholm, MT O'Toole, T Parker, G Perl, TM Russell, PK Swerdlow, DL Tonat, K CA Working Grp Civilian Biodefense TI Botulinum toxin as a biological weapon - Medical and public health management SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Review ID LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; A FOODBORNE BOTULISM; CLOSTRIDIUM-BOTULINUM; UNITED-STATES; INFANT BOTULISM; LARGE OUTBREAK; NEUROTOXIN; ANTIBODIES; RECOGNITION; EXPERIENCE AB Objective The Working Group on Civilian Biodefense has developed consensus-based recommendations for measures to be taken by medical and public health professionals if botulinum toxin is used as a biological weapon against a civilian population. Participants The working group included 23 representatives from academic, government, and private institutions with expertise in public health, emergency management, and clinical medicine. Evidence The primary authors (S.S.A. and R.S.) searched OLDMEDLINE and MEDLINE (1960-March 1999) and their professional collections for literature concerning use of botulinum toxin as a bioweapon. The literature was reviewed, and opinions were sought from the working group and other experts on diagnosis and management of botulism. Additional MEDLINE searches were conducted through April 2000 during the review and revisions of the consensus statement. Consensus Process The first draft of the working group's consensus statement was a synthesis of information obtained in the formal evidence-gathering process. The working group convened to review the first draft in May 1999. Working group members reviewed subsequent drafts and suggested additional revisions. The final statement incorporates all relevant evidence obtained in the literature search in conjunction with final consensus recommendations supported by all working group members. Conclusions An aerosolized or food borne botulin um toxin weapon would cause acute symmetric, descending flaccid paralysis with prominent bulbar palsies such as diplopia, dysarthria, dysphonia, and dysphagia that would typically present 12 to 72 hours after exposure. Effective response to a deliberate release of botulinum toxin will depend on timely clinical diagnosis, case reporting, and epidemiological investigation. Persons potentially exposed to botulinum toxin should be closely observed, and those with signs of botulism require prompt treatment with antitoxin and supportive care that may include assisted ventilation for weeks or months. Treatment with antitoxin should not be delayed for microbiological testing. C1 Calif Dept Hlth Serv, Infant Botulism Treatment & Prevent Program, Berkeley, CA 94704 USA. Calif Dept Hlth Serv, Viral & Rickettsial Dis Lab, Berkeley, CA 94704 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Ctr Civilian Biodef Studies, Baltimore, MD USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. New York City Dept Hlth, Bur Communicable Dis, New York, NY 10013 USA. Sci Applicat Int Corp, Mclean, VA 22102 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. Infect Control Advisory Network Inc, Eden Prairie, MN USA. US Dept HHS, Off Emergency Preparedness, Rockville, MD USA. RP Arnon, SS (reprint author), Calif Dept Hlth Serv, Infant Botulism Treatment & Prevent Program, 2151 Berkeley Way,Room 506, Berkeley, CA 94704 USA. NR 108 TC 762 Z9 792 U1 13 U2 118 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD FEB 28 PY 2001 VL 285 IS 8 BP 1059 EP 1070 DI 10.1001/jama.285.8.1059 PG 12 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 403ME UT WOS:000167046400029 PM 11209178 ER PT J AU Wagner, GW Procell, LR O'Connor, RJ Munavalli, S Carnes, CL Kapoor, PN Klabunde, KJ AF Wagner, GW Procell, LR O'Connor, RJ Munavalli, S Carnes, CL Kapoor, PN Klabunde, KJ TI Reactions of VX, GB, GD, and HD with nanosize Al2O3. Formation of aluminophosphonates SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID NERVE AGENT-VX; ALUMINA SURFACES; NMR; DETOXIFICATION; PHOSPHATES; ADSORPTION; HYDROLYSIS; CATALYSTS; KINETICS AB Room-temperature reactions of VX, GB, GD, and HD with nanosize Al2O3 (AP-Al2O3) have been characterized by P-31, C-13, and Al-27 MAS NMR. Nerve agents VX, GB, and GD hydrolyze to yield surface-bound complexes of their corresponding nontoxic phosphonates. At sufficiently high loadings, discreet aluminophosphonate complexes, Al[OP(O)(CH3)OR](3), are generated which are identical to synthesized model compounds. Thus the reaction with phosphonic acids is not just surface-limited, but can continue to the core of alumina particles. HD mainly hydrolyzes at lower loadings to yield thiodiglycol (TG, 71%) and a minor amount of the CH-TG sulfonium ion (12%), although some elimination of HCl is also observed (17%). The reactive capacity for HD is evidently exceeded at high loadings, where complete conversion to TG is hindered. However, addition of excess water results in the quantitative hydrolysis of sorbed HD to CH-TG. On AP-Al2O3 dried to remove physisorbed water, C-13 CP-MAS NMR detects a surface alkoxide consistent with that of TG. C1 USA, Edgewood Biol Ctr, Res & Technol Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Geo Ctr Inc, Gunpowder Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Kansas State Univ, Dept Chem, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. Nantek Inc, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Wagner, GW (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Biol Ctr, Res & Technol Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 31 TC 182 Z9 183 U1 5 U2 41 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD FEB 28 PY 2001 VL 123 IS 8 BP 1636 EP 1644 DI 10.1021/ja003518b PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 405LX UT WOS:000167162100011 PM 11456762 ER PT J AU Elsayed, NM AF Elsayed, NM TI Diet restriction modulates lung response and survivability of rats exposed to ozone SO TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE diet restriction; body weight reduction; ozone exposure; survivability; mortality; oxidative stress; antioxidants; lung injury ID CALORIC RESTRICTION; GLUTATHIONE-PEROXIDASE; PROTEIN-DEFICIENCY; FOOD RESTRICTION; NITROGEN-DIOXIDE; OXIDATIVE STRESS; OXYGEN-TOXICITY; RODENT LUNG; AGE; INFLAMMATION AB Ozone (O-3) is a powerful oxidant component of photochemical smog polluting the air of urban cities. Exposure to low-level O-3 causes lung injury and increased morbidity of the sensitive segment of population, and exposure to high levels can be lethal to experimental animals. Injury from O-3 exposure is generally associated with free radical Formation and oxidative stress. Because diet restriction is proposed to enhance antioxidant status, we examined whether it would influence the response to inhaled O-3. Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley rats, 1 month old, weighing 150 g, were divided into two dietary regimens (12 rats/regimen); one was freely-fed (FF), and the second was diet-restricted (DR) to 20% the average daily intake of the FF. After 60 days of dietary conditioning, the body weight of DR rats was reduced to 50% that of FF rats. Then, in one experiment, two groups (six rats/group), one FF and the other DR, were exposed to 0.8 +/- 0.1 p.p.m. (1570 +/- 196 mug/m(3)) O-3, continuously for 3 days. Another two similar groups of rats were exposed to filtered room air and served as matched controls. After exposure, all rats were euthanized and the lungs analyzed for biochemical markers of oxidative stress. In a second experiment. 24 rats were divided into two groups (12 rats/group), one FF and the other DR, then exposed to high-level O-3 for 8 h (4 p.p.m., 7848 +/- 981 mug/m(3)) and the mortality noted during exposure and for 16 h post-exposure. Following low-level O-3, inhalation, greater alterations were observed in FF rats compared with DR rats. With high-level O-3 exposure, DR rats exhibited a much greater survivability compared with FF rats (90% versus 8%, respectively). These observations suggest that diet restriction leading to significant reduction of body weight is beneficial, and may play a role in the resistance to the adverse effects of O-3. (C) 2001 Published by Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Resp Res, Div Mil Casualty Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Elsayed, NM (reprint author), SmithKline Beecham, Consumer Healthcare, 1500 Littleton Rd, Parsippany, NJ 07054 USA. FU PHS HHS [17719, 00301] NR 61 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0300-483X J9 TOXICOLOGY JI Toxicology PD FEB 28 PY 2001 VL 159 IS 3 BP 171 EP 182 DI 10.1016/S0300-483X(00)00427-3 PG 12 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 407XX UT WOS:000167297000006 PM 11223172 ER PT J AU Wu, PF Rao, DVGLN Kimball, BR Nakashima, M DeCristofano, BS AF Wu, PF Rao, DVGLN Kimball, BR Nakashima, M DeCristofano, BS TI Nonvolatile grating in an azobenzene polymer with optimized molecular reorientation SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HOLOGRAPHIC STORAGE; CRYSTALS; FILMS AB We demonstrated a nonvolatile grating using an azobenzene polymer film with polarized two color beams. The reorientation of azobenzene molecules can be optimized when the two color light beams are polarized perpendicularly. The stored information can be read repeatedly without volatility with the same wavelength as the writing beam. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02125 USA. USA, Soldier Syst Ctr, Mat Sci Team, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Wu, PF (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02125 USA. RI Rao, Devulapalli/L-8863-2015 NR 14 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 26 PY 2001 VL 78 IS 9 BP 1189 EP 1191 DI 10.1063/1.1351532 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 405GK UT WOS:000167151000007 ER PT J AU Nambiar, MP Enyedy, EJ Fisher, CU Warke, VG Juang, YT Tsokos, GC AF Nambiar, MP Enyedy, EJ Fisher, CU Warke, VG Juang, YT Tsokos, GC TI Dexamethasone modulates TCR zeta chain expression and antigen receptor-mediated early signaling events in human T lymphocytes SO CELLULAR IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE dexamethasone; human T lymphocytes; early T cell signaling; TCR zeta chain; biphasic effect; tyrosine phosphorylation; TCR/CD3-mediated [Ca2+](i) response; transcriptional regulation; signal transduction ID TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION; SURFACTANT PROTEIN; CELL ACTIVATION; GENE LOCUS; CYTOSKELETON; MOLECULES; PHOSPHORYLATION; INTERLEUKIN-2; TRANSDUCTION; PROMOTER AB Dexamethasone is a potent anti-inflammatory and immunosupressive agent that has complex, yet incompletely defined, effects on the immune response. Here, we explored the effect of dexamethasone on the expression of TCR zeta chain and TCR/CD3-induced early signaling events in human T lymphocytes. Immunoblotting studies using TCR zeta chain specific mAb showed a dose-dependent biphasic effect of dexamethasone on TCR zeta chain expression, that is, it was increased when cells were incubated with 10 nM, whereas the expression was decreased when incubated with 100 nM dexamethasone. The dose-dependent biphasic effect of dexamethsone on the TCR zeta chain expression was also revealed by FACS analysis of permeabilized cells. Time course studies showed that upregulation of the TCR zeta chain at 10 nM dexamethasone reached maximum levels at 24 h and remained elevated up to 48 h. Other subunits of the TCR/CD3 complex were minimally affected under these conditions. The increased expression of the TCR zeta chain following treatment with 10 nM dexamethasone correlated with increased anti-CD3 antibody-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of the TCR zeta chain and downstream signaling intermediate ZAP-70 and PLC gamma with faster kinetics. Similarly, the induction of TCR zeta chain expression at 10 nM dexamethasone correlated with increased and more sustained TCR/CD3-mediated [Ca2+](i) response. Reporter gene assays using TCR zeta chain promoter-driven luciferase gene constructs in Jurkat cells showed that treatment with 10 nM dexamethasone increased TCR zeta chain promoter activity and that the region between -160 and +58 was responsible for the observed effect. These results suggest that dexamethasone primarily acts at the transcriptional level and differentially modulates TCR zeta chain expression and antigen receptor-mediated early signaling events in human peripheral T lymphocytes. (C) 2001 Academic Press. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Nambiar, MP (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Bldg 503,Robert Grant Rd, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI42269] NR 32 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0008-8749 J9 CELL IMMUNOL JI Cell. Immunol. PD FEB 25 PY 2001 VL 208 IS 1 BP 62 EP 71 DI 10.1006/cimm.2001.1761 PG 10 WC Cell Biology; Immunology SC Cell Biology; Immunology GA 424XN UT WOS:000168259400008 PM 11277620 ER PT J AU O'Malley, PG Taylor, AJ AF O'Malley, PG Taylor, AJ TI Psychological factors and coronary artery disease. Reply SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Letter ID YOUNG-ADULTS; RISK-FACTORS C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP O'Malley, PG (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD FEB 22 PY 2001 VL 344 IS 8 BP 610 EP 611 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 403LU UT WOS:000167044600020 ER PT J AU Haverkos, HW Chung, RC AF Haverkos, HW Chung, RC TI AIDS among heterosexuals in surveillance reports. SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Haverkos, HW (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 8 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD FEB 22 PY 2001 VL 344 IS 8 BP 611 EP 612 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 403LU UT WOS:000167044600023 PM 11221631 ER PT J AU McNesby, KL Wainner, RT Daniel, RG Skaggs, RR Morris, JB Miziolek, AW Jackson, WM McLaren, IA AF McNesby, KL Wainner, RT Daniel, RG Skaggs, RR Morris, JB Miziolek, AW Jackson, WM McLaren, IA TI Detection and measurement of middle-distillate fuel vapors by use of tunable diode lasers SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID SPECTROSCOPY AB A sensor for the rapid (10-ms response time) measurement of vapors from the hydrocarbon-based fuels JP-8, DF-2, and gasoline is described. The sensor is based on a previously reported laser-mixing technique that uses two tunable diode lasers emitting in the near-infrared spectral region [Appl. Opt. 39, 5006 (2000)] to measure concentrations of gases that have unstructured absorption spectra. The fiber-mixed laser beam consists of two wavelengths: one that is absorbed by the fuel vapor and one that is not absorbed. Sinusoidally modulating the power of the two lasers at the same frequency but 180 degrees out of phase allows a sinusoidal signal to be generated at the detector (when the target gas is present in the line of sight). The signal amplitude, measured by use of standard phase-sensitive detection techniques, is proportional to the fuel-vapor concentration. Limits of detection at room temperature are reported for the vapors of the three fuels studied. Improvements to he incorporated into the next generation of the sensor are discussed. OCIS codes: 120.0120, 120.1880, 140.2020, 280.0280. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem, Davis, CA 95616 USA. McLaren Res, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA. RP McNesby, KL (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM mcnesby@arl.mil NR 14 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD FEB 20 PY 2001 VL 40 IS 6 BP 840 EP 845 DI 10.1364/AO.40.000840 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA 400ZA UT WOS:000166901500014 PM 18357064 ER PT J AU Roop, SA Pangaro, L AF Roop, SA Pangaro, L TI Effect of clinical teaching on student performance during a medicine clerkship SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID FACULTY; RATINGS AB PURPOSE: To measure what proportion of student clerkship performance can be attributed to teachers' educational skills as reported by students. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: From August 1992 to June 1994, we collected critiques of teacher skills from 314 third-year students at the end of a 12-week medicine clerkship. Interns, residents, attending physicians, and student preceptors were rated ton a 1 to 5 scale) on teaching behaviors from the 7 categories of the Stanford Faculty Development Program framework. A linear regression model was used to determine the relative contributions of the rated teaching behaviors in predicting final student performance and improvement across the clerkship ("student growth"), measured using end-of-clerkship variables (clinical grades, National Board of Medical Examiners medicine shelf examination, practical laboratory examination, and an analytical essay examination) and preclerkship variables (I)rc-third-year grade point average [GPA], United States Medical Licensing Examination, Step 1, and clerkship pretest). RESULTS: Data were available for 293 (93%) of 314 students, who completed a total of 2,817 critiques. The students' pre clerkship GPA accounted for the greatest percentage of variance in student performance (28%, P <0.0001). Clinical teaching behaviors accounted for an additional 6% (P <0.0001) of the variance. For student growth across the clerkship, teaching accounted for 10% of the variance (P <0.0001). Among the 7 Stanford educational categories, teaching behaviors promoting control of session (r(2) = 5%, P = 0.0002) and fostering understanding and retention (r(2) = 4%, P = 0.001) had the greatest effect. The resident had the most effect on student growth (r(2) = 6%, P = 0.0001) when compared with other teaching levels. Teaching had a greater effect on growth for students with preclerkship GPA above the mean (16% versus 6%), for older students (24% versus 7%), and for students with a nonscience undergraduate degree (33% versus 9%). CONCLUSION: The preclerkship GPA, reflecting 2 pears of work, was the most important predictor of student performance. Teaching behavior, as measured by student assessments, also affected student performance. (C)2001 by Excerpta Medica, Inc. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Pulm Crit Care Med Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, F Edward Hebert Sch Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Roop, SA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Pulm Crit Care Med Serv, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 17 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 1 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 650 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-9343 J9 AM J MED JI Am. J. Med. PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 110 IS 3 BP 205 EP 209 DI 10.1016/S0002-9343(00)00672-0 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 401UL UT WOS:000166946600007 PM 11182107 ER PT J AU Farley, JH Hines, JF Taylor, RR Carlson, JW Parker, MF Kost, ER Rogers, SJ Harrison, TA Macri, CI Parham, GP AF Farley, JH Hines, JF Taylor, RR Carlson, JW Parker, MF Kost, ER Rogers, SJ Harrison, TA Macri, CI Parham, GP TI Equal care ensures equal survival for African-American women with cervical carcinoma SO CANCER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 31st Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Gynecologic-Oncologists CY FEB 05-09, 2000 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA SP Soc Gynecol Oncol DE race; cervix; carcinoma; survival ID DATA-BASE REPORT; RACIAL-DIFFERENCES; CANCER MORTALITY; ENDOMETRIAL CARCINOMA; RACE AB BACKGROUND. It was the purpose of this study to investigate whether race is an independent prognostic factor in the survival of patients with cervical carcinoma in a health care system with minimal racial bias, and few barriers to access to care. METHODS. Records for patients with a diagnosis of invasive cervical carcinoma from 1988 to 1999 were obtained from the Automated Central Tumor Registry for the United States Military Health Care System. Clinical data including race, age at diagnosis, histology, grade, stage, socioeconomic status, treatment modality, and survival also were obtained. Survival analysis was performed with Kaplan-Meier survival curves. RESULTS. One thousand five hundred fifty-three patients were obtained for review. Sixty-five percent of patients were Caucasian, and 35% were minorities. Of the minorities, 29% were African Americans (AAs). Mean age of diagnosis tvas similar among AAs and Caucasians, 44 and 42 years, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between the distribution of age, stage, grade, or histology between Caucasians and AAs. Forty-six percent of patients were treated with surgery and 56% with radiation therapy, with no difference in type of treatment between the Caucasian and Al groups. Five- and 10-year survival rates for Caucasians and AAs were 75%, and 76%, and 64% 65% (P = 0.59), respectively. CONCLUSIONS. In an equal access, unbiased, nonracial environment, race is not an independent predictor of survival for patients with cervical carcinoma. This study has shown, for the first time to the authors' knowledge, that when they receive equal treatment for cervical carcinoma, AA women's survival can approach that of their nonminority counterparts (75% at 10 years). (C) 2001 American Cancer Society. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Gynecol Oncol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Gynecol Oncol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. St Barnabas Med Ctr, Livingston, NJ USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. USN, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. USN, Natl Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20084 USA. Arkansas Canc Res Ctr, Little Rock, AR USA. RP Farley, JH (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Gynecol Oncol, 1 Jarrett White Rd TAMC, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 20 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 2 U2 5 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0008-543X J9 CANCER JI Cancer PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 91 IS 4 BP 869 EP 873 DI 10.1002/1097-0142(20010215)91:4<869::AID-CNCR1075>3.0.CO;2-D PG 5 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 403TD UT WOS:000167057800034 PM 11241257 ER PT J AU Kester, KE McKinney, DA Tornieporth, N Ockenhouse, CF Heppner, DG Hall, T Krzych, U Delchambre, M Voss, G Dowler, MG Palensky, J Wittes, J Cohen, J Ballou, WR AF Kester, KE McKinney, DA Tornieporth, N Ockenhouse, CF Heppner, DG Hall, T Krzych, U Delchambre, M Voss, G Dowler, MG Palensky, J Wittes, J Cohen, J Ballou, WR CA RTS,S Malaria Vaccine Evaluation G TI Efficacy of recombinant circumsporozoite protein vaccine regimens against experimental Plasmodium falciparum malaria SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Multilateral Initaitive on Malaria African Malaria Conference CY MAR 14-19, 1999 CL DURBAN, SOUTH AFRICA ID IMMUNOGENICITY; LIPOSOMES; RESPONSES; SAFETY; HUMANS AB After initial successful evaluation of the circumsporozoite-based vaccine RTS,S/SBAS2, developed by SmithKline Beecham Biologicals with the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, protective efficacy of several regimens against Plasmodium falciparum challenge was determined. A controlled phase 1/2a study evaluated 1 or 2 standard doses of RTS, S/SBAS2 in 2 groups whose members received open-label therapy and 3 immunizations in blinded groups who received standard, one-half, or one-fifth doses. RTS, S/SBAS2 was safe and immunogenic in all groups. Of the 41 vaccinees and 23 control subjects who underwent sporozoite challenge, malaria developed in 7 of 10 who received 1 dose, in 7 of 14 who received 2 doses, in 3 of 6 who received 3 standard doses, in 3 of 7 who received 3 one-half doses, in 3 of 4 who received 3 one-fifth doses, and in 22 of 23 control subjects. Overall protective efficacy of RTS, S/SBAS2 was 41% (95% confidence interval, 22%-56%; P = .0006). This and previous studies have shown that 2 or 3 doses of RTS, S/SBAS2 protect against challenge with P. falciparum sporozoites. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Stat Collaborat Inc, Washington, DC USA. SmithKline Beecham Biol, Rixensart, Belgium. RP Kester, KE (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RI Kester, Kent/A-2114-2011 OI Kester, Kent/0000-0002-5056-0802 NR 20 TC 183 Z9 187 U1 1 U2 5 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 183 IS 4 BP 640 EP 647 DI 10.1086/318534 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 395NG UT WOS:000166586000016 PM 11170991 ER PT J AU Burgess, EB AF Burgess, EB TI Unjust enrichment: How Japan's companies built postwar fortunes using American POWs. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Burgess, EB (reprint author), USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 126 IS 3 BP 182 EP 182 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 401AM UT WOS:000166904800145 ER PT J AU West, BJ AF West, BJ TI Temperature-dependent susceptibility in ALON SO PHYSICA A LA English DT Article DE susceptibility; random fluctuations; temperature-dependent parameters; fractals AB Herein, we propose a stochastic model of the complex susceptibility in aluminum nitride (ALON), a polycrystalline transparent ceramic. The proposed model yields an inverse power-law dependence of the dielectric loss tangent on frequency, in remarkably close agreement with data. In addition, the phenomenological parameters are found to be strongly temperature-dependent. This temperature dependence is determined, in the theoretical model, to be a consequence of the thermodynamic properties of the molecular dipoles in the material. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP West, BJ (reprint author), USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4371 J9 PHYSICA A JI Physica A PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 290 IS 3-4 BP 275 EP 285 DI 10.1016/S0378-4371(00)00454-4 PG 11 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 400VE UT WOS:000166891700001 ER PT J AU Rudin, S Reinecke, TL AF Rudin, S Reinecke, TL TI Anharmonic oscillator model for driven and vacuum-field Rabi oscillations SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID EXCITON-EXCITON SCATTERING; SEMICONDUCTOR MICROCAVITIES; QUANTUM-THEORY; POLARITONS; CAVITY; ATOMS AB The dynamics of electronic excitations coupled to photons in semiconductor microcavities is discussed using an anharmonic oscillator model to represent the electronic excitations. It is shown that this description, unlike the harmonic oscillator model, exhibits driven Rabi oscillations in addition to vacuum-field Rabi splitting, and the magnitude of the anharmonicity needed is discussed. In the limit of large anharmonicity, a two-level description of the electronic excitations is recovered. A picture of the anharmonicity arising from exciton-exciton interactions is discussed. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Rudin, S (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 63 IS 7 AR 075308 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 406QW UT WOS:000167227500058 ER PT J AU Zhao, PJ Cui, HL Woolard, DL AF Zhao, PJ Cui, HL Woolard, DL TI Dynamical instabilities and I-V characteristics in resonant tunneling through double-barrier quantum well systems SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID INTRINSIC BISTABILITY; WIGNER-FUNCTION; SIMULATION; TRANSPORT; OSCILLATIONS; FORMULATION; HYSTERESIS; DEVICES AB Based on our time-dependent numerical simulation results of a resonant tunneling structure, a resonant tunneling theory for double-barrier quantum well systems (DBQWS's) is presented. The origin of intrinsic high-frequency current oscillation in DBQWS's, a long-time unsolved device physics problem. is explained, in terms of a time-dependent energy-level coupling model (TDELCM) as the result of the coupling between the emitter quantum well and the main quantum well and the wave-corpuscle duality of electrons. The origin of the intrinsic high-frequency current oscillation in DBQWS's and that of the hyteresis and plateaulike structure in I-V curves are two different aspects of the problem. A qualitative analysis of the creation of the hyteresis and plateaulike structure in I-V curves is also given. The TDELCM sets the foundation of the time-independent energy-level coupling model that was presented in our recent paper [P. Zhao et al.. J. Appl. Phys. 87, 1337 (2000)]. It presents insight into the whole process of resonant tunneling through a DBQWS. C1 Stevens Inst Technol, Dept Phys & Engn Phys, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Zhao, PJ (reprint author), Stevens Inst Technol, Dept Phys & Engn Phys, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA. NR 26 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 63 IS 7 AR 075302 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.63.075302 PG 14 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 406QW UT WOS:000167227500052 ER PT J AU Jonas, W Lin, Y Tortella, F AF Jonas, W Lin, Y Tortella, F TI Neuroprotection from glutamate toxicity with ultra-low dose glutamate SO NEUROREPORT LA English DT Article DE confocal microscopy; fluo-3; glutamate neurotoxicity; homeopathy; hormesis; intracellular calcium; neurones; neuroprotection; serial agitated dilutions; ultra-low doses ID NF-KAPPA-B; IN-VITRO; NEURONS; INJURY; PROTECTION; CALCIUM; ARNICA; BRAIN AB The protective effects of ultra-low doses (ULD) of glutamate against glutamate toxicity was studied in primary rat spinal, cortical and cerebellar neurons. Neurons were exposed to four subtoxic, ultra-low concentrations of glutamate (10(-18) M, 10(-20) M, 10(-22) M and 10(-30) M) for 72 h and then subsequently challenged with toxic concentrations (25 muM) of glutamate. Neuron viability was consistently 10% higher in spinal and cortical neurons pre-exposed to glutamate concentrations of 10(-18) M and 10(-22) M, and;in cerebellar neurons pre-exposed to 10(-20) M and 10(-30) M. Using laser scanning confocal microscopy and the fluorescent calcium probe fluo-3, we found no alterations in intracellular calcium dynamics in the protected cells. This protective effect is consistent with a growing body of evidence for tolerance induced by low-dose toxin exposure but is the first time that such tolerance has been demonstrated with ultra-low glutamate exposure. Our data show that preexposure of neuronal cells to UCD glutamate can protect against subsequent exposure to toxic, levels of glutamate. NeuroReport 12:335-339 (C) 2001 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Family Med, Program Neuroprotect, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Neuropharmacol & Mol Biol, Div Neurosci, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Jonas, W (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Family Med, Program Neuroprotect, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 24 TC 46 Z9 47 U1 1 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0959-4965 J9 NEUROREPORT JI Neuroreport PD FEB 12 PY 2001 VL 12 IS 2 BP 335 EP 339 DI 10.1097/00001756-200102120-00031 PG 5 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 397NQ UT WOS:000166702100031 PM 11209946 ER PT J AU Linehan, JC Yonker, CR Addleman, RS Autrey, ST Bays, JT Bitterwolf, TE Daschbach, JL AF Linehan, JC Yonker, CR Addleman, RS Autrey, ST Bays, JT Bitterwolf, TE Daschbach, JL TI Solvent study of the kinetics of molybdenum radical self-termination SO ORGANOMETALLICS LA English DT Article ID FLASH-PHOTOLYSIS; PHOTOCHEMICAL DEGRADATION; CAGE RECOMBINATION; PAIRS; COMPLEXES; BARRIERS; POLYMERS; ADDUCTS AB The kinetics of (n-butylCp)Mo(CO)(3) (n-butylCp is n-butyl-eta (5)-cyclopentadienyl) radical self-termination to form a nonequilibrium mixture of trans and gauche-[(n-butylCp)Mo(CO)(3)](2) and the kinetics of the gauche-to-trans isomerization have been determined in the liquid solvents n-heptane, tetrahydrofuran, xenon (350 bar), and CO2 (350 bar) at 283 K by step-scan FTIR. spectroscopy. The overall rate constant for the disappearance, 2k(R), of the (n-butylCp)Mo(CO)(3) radical increases with decreasing solvent viscosity as expected, except in CO2, which is anomalously slower. The slower overall termination rate in liquid CO2 is consistent with the formation of a transient molybdenum radical-CO2 complex. The observed overall rate constants for (n-butylCp)Mo(CO)(3) self-termination, 2k(R), are (7.9 +/- 0.5) x 10(9) M-1 s(-1) in xenon; (3.2 +/- 0.5) x 10(9) M-1 s(-1) in heptane; (2.2 +/- 0.8) x 10(9) M-1 s(-1) in THF; and (1.7 +/- 0.5) x 10(9) M-1 s(-1) in CO2. The first determinations of the radical self-termination-to-gauche rate constants, k(G), are presented. The values of K-G are much slower than the corresponding recombination to trans, k(T), reflecting a steric contribution to the rate. The rate of isomerization (rotation about the molydenum-molybdenum bond) from gauche to trans is unaffected by the solvent and is 3 times faster than the reported isomerization rate for the nonsubstituted [CpMo(CO)(3)](2) molecule. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Chem, West Point, NY 10996 USA. Univ Idaho, Dept Chem, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. RP Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 31 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0276-7333 EI 1520-6041 J9 ORGANOMETALLICS JI Organometallics PD FEB 5 PY 2001 VL 20 IS 3 BP 401 EP 407 DI 10.1021/om000724j PG 7 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 397NP UT WOS:000166702000008 ER PT J AU Mascola, JR Stiegler, G VanCott, TC Katinger, H Carpenter, CB Hanson, CE Beary, H Hayes, D Frankel, SS Birx, DL Lewis, MG AF Mascola, JR Stiegler, G VanCott, TC Katinger, H Carpenter, CB Hanson, CE Beary, H Hayes, D Frankel, SS Birx, DL Lewis, MG TI Protection of macaques against vaginal transmission of a pathogenic HIV-1/SIV chimeric virus by passive infusion of neutralizing antibodies SO AIDS LA English DT Meeting Abstract ID HIV C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Rockville, MD USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD USA. Naval Med Res Ctr, Dept Infect Dis, Forrest Glen, MD USA. Univ Agr, Inst Appl Microbiol, Vienna, Austria. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Forrest Glen, MD USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0269-9370 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD FEB PY 2001 VL 15 SU 1 BP S18 EP S19 DI 10.1097/00002030-200102001-00018 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 404JW UT WOS:000167095100014 ER PT J AU De Souza, MS Trichavaroj, R Sriplienchan, S Buapunth, P Renzullo, PO Chuenchitra, C Birx, DL Robb, ML Brown, AE AF De Souza, MS Trichavaroj, R Sriplienchan, S Buapunth, P Renzullo, PO Chuenchitra, C Birx, DL Robb, ML Brown, AE TI Detection and quantification of HIV type 1 RNA in nasopharyngeal washes from HIV-infected subjects SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; REPLICATION; SUBTYPES; SURFACE; TONSIL AB Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV) RNA load was measured in paired samples of peripheral blood plasma and nasopharyngeal (NP) washes from 97 Thai subjects infected with subtype E or B. HIV RNA was quantifiable in 93% of peripheral blood plasma samples tested and was inversely correlated (rho = -0.524; p < 0.001) with CD4 absolute count. HIV RNA was quantifiable in 29% of NP samples tested, and the median value was less than that of plasma viral load. HIV RNA load in NP samples was correlated ( = 0.388; p < 0.001) with viral load in peripheral blood. HIV RNA was not detected in NP washes from subjects with undetectable plasma viral load. Virus isolation attempts on two NP samples were negative. The results do not support local HIV production in the nasopharynx, but extend current knowledge of HIV shedding to include the NP compartment. C1 Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Retrovirol, US Army Med Component, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Royal Thai Army Component, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. RP De Souza, MS (reprint author), Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Retrovirol, US Army Med Component, 315-6 Rajvithi Rd, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 17 IS 3 BP 229 EP 232 DI 10.1089/088922201750063142 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 400DL UT WOS:000166856500005 PM 11177405 ER PT J AU Hunt, ME O'Malley, PG Vernalis, MN Feuerstein, IM Taylor, AJ AF Hunt, ME O'Malley, PG Vernalis, MN Feuerstein, IM Taylor, AJ TI C-reactive protein is not associated with the presence or extent of calcified subclinical atherosclerosis SO AMERICAN HEART JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 73rd Scientific Sessions of the American-Heart-Association CY NOV 12-15, 2000 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Amer Heart Assoc ID BEAM COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; CORONARY-ARTERY DISEASE; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK-FACTORS; RECEPTOR-DEFICIENT MICE; APPARENTLY HEALTHY-MEN; HEART-DISEASE; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL LOCALIZATION; INFLAMMATORY PROCESS; PLASMA-CONCENTRATION; ASYMPTOMATIC MEN AB Background Both high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and electron beam computed tomography (EBCT) core nary artery calcification (CAC) ore valid markers of cardiovascular risk. it is unknown whether hsCRP is a marker of atherosclerotic burden or whether it reflects a process leg, inflammatory fibrous cap degradation) leading to acute coronary events. Methods A nested case-control study was performed of 188 men enrolled in the Prospective Army Coronary Calcium study. The serum hsCRP revels (latex agglutination assay) were evaluated in subjects with CAC (CAC score >0, n = 94) and compared with age- and smoking status-matched control subjects (CAC score >0, n = 94). Results Levels of hsCRP in the highest quartile were related to the following coronary risk factors: smoking status, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, body mosi index, glycosylated hemoglobin, fibrinogen, and homocysteine. The mean hsCRP level was similar in cases (+CAC, 0.20 +/- 0.22 mg/dL) and controls (-CAC, 0.19 +/- 0.21 mg/dl; P = .81) and was unrelated to the log-transformed CAC score (r < 0.01, P = .91). Multivariable analysis controlling for standard risk factors, aspirin, and statin therapy found only that low-density lipoprotein cholesterol was related to CAC. Conclusions Despite associations with standard and emerging cardiovascular risk factors, hsCRP is unrelated to the presence and extent of calcified subclinical atherosclerosis. Thin implies that CAC to disease marker) and hsCRP (a process marker) may be complementary for the prediction of cardiovascular risk. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Cardiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Taylor, AJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Cardiol, Bldg 2,Room 4A, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 46 TC 88 Z9 88 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0002-8703 J9 AM HEART J JI Am. Heart J. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 141 IS 2 BP 206 EP 210 DI 10.1067/mhj.2001.112488 PG 5 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 399QF UT WOS:000166823300005 PM 11174333 ER PT J AU Kagan, FW AF Kagan, FW TI Grand delusion: Stalin and the German invation of Russia. SO AMERICAN HISTORICAL REVIEW LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Kagan, FW (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER HISTORICAL REVIEW PI WASHINGTON PA 400 A ST SE, WASHINGTON, DC 20003 USA SN 0002-8762 J9 AM HIST REV JI Am. Hist. Rev. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 106 IS 1 BP 292 EP 293 DI 10.2307/2652412 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 404TF UT WOS:000167116300192 ER PT J AU Friedl, KE Westphal, KA Marchitelli, LJ Patton, JF Chumlea, WC Guo, SS AF Friedl, KE Westphal, KA Marchitelli, LJ Patton, JF Chumlea, WC Guo, SS TI Evaluation of anthropometric equations to assess body-composition changes in young women SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE anthropometry; weight reduction; body composition; dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; body circumferences; skinfold thicknesses; exercise; generalized equations; women; military personnel; physical training; fitness program ID SKINFOLD THICKNESS; FAT; DENSITY; MEN; METABOLISM; VALIDITY AB Background: Healthy young women who engage in an exercise program may lose fat that is not reflected in body weight changes because of concurrent gains in fat-free mass (FFM). Objective: This study addressed the question of how well anthropometry-based predictive equations can resolve these changes. Design: Several widely used skinfold-thickness- or circumference-based equations were compared by using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry to study 150 healthy young women before and after 8 wk of Army basic combat training (average energy expenditure: 11.7 MJ/d). Results: Women lost 1.2 +/- 2.6 kg fat ((x) over bar +/- SD) and gained 2.5 +/- 1.5 kg FFM. Fat loss (r = 0.47), but not FFM gain (r = 0.01), correlated with initial fatness. Thus, for many women who lost fat, body weight did not change or increased. Fat loss was associated with a reduction in abdominal circumference but this alone was not a consistent marker of fat loss. One circumference equation and one skinfold-thickness equation yielded the smallest residual SDs (2.0% and 1.9% body fat, respectively) compared with the other equations in predicting body fat. The sensitivity and specificity of the best equations in predicting changes in percentage body fat were not better than 55% and 66%, respectively. Conclusions: These data suggest that for women, anthropometry can provide better estimates of fatness than body mass index but it is still relatively insensitive to short-term alterations in body composition. Not surprisingly, the circumference equation that includes the most labile sites of female fat deposition (ie, waist and hips instead of upper arm or thigh) proved to be the most reliable. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Occupat Physiol Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Wright State Univ, Sch Med, Dept Community Hlth, Div Human Biol, Dayton, OH USA. RP Friedl, KE (reprint author), POB 1779, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. OI Friedl, Karl/0000-0002-3134-8427 NR 25 TC 16 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL NUTRITION PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, SUBSCRIPTIONS, RM L-3300, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0002-9165 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 73 IS 2 BP 268 EP 275 PG 8 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 395HU UT WOS:000166575600018 PM 11157323 ER PT J AU Miller, M Hemenway, D Bell, N Yore, M Amoroso, P AF Miller, M Hemenway, D Bell, N Yore, M Amoroso, P TI Re: "Cigarette smoking and suicide: A prospective study of 300,000 male active-duty army soldiers" - The authors reply SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Social & Behav Sci, Boston, MA 02118 USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Miller, M (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RI miller, matthew/H-4624-2011 OI miller, matthew/0000-0002-3267-6510 NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD FEB 1 PY 2001 VL 153 IS 3 BP 308 EP 308 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 397VK UT WOS:000166718300016 ER PT J AU Abbott, KC Sawyers, ES Oliver, JD Ko, CW Kirk, AD Welch, PG Peters, TG Agodoa, LY AF Abbott, KC Sawyers, ES Oliver, JD Ko, CW Kirk, AD Welch, PG Peters, TG Agodoa, LY TI Graft loss due to recurrent focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in renal transplant recipients in the United States SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES LA English DT Article DE focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS); recurrent disease; living donor renal transplantation; cadaveric renal transplantation; graft loss; graft survival; African-American; white; pediatric; donor/recipient race matching; complications; United States Renal Data System (USRDS) ID CHILDREN; PREVALENCE; CAUTION; DISEASE; PLASMA; RISK AB Rates of and risk factors for graft loss and graft loss resulting from recurrent focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) have not been studied in a national population. A retrospective analysis was performed on a national registry (1999 United States Renal Data System) of 101,808 renal transplant recipients (October 1, 1987, to December 31, 1996). Of these, 3,861 recipients of solitary renal transplants who had end-stage renal disease resulting from FSGS met inclusion criteria. Outcomes were graft loss and graft loss resulting from recurrent FSGS. As a percentage of all graft loss, recurrent FSGS accounted for 18.7% in living donor recipients and 7.8% in cadaveric recipients. In white recipients, the corresponding figures were 27% and 13%. In multivariate analysis, factors associated with graft loss resulting from recurrent FSGS were white recipient, donor African-American kidney in white recipient, younger recipient age, and treatment for rejection. African-American recipients had higher rates of graft loss overall. A living donor was associated with superior overall graft survival. Among renal transplant recipients with FSGS, white recipients had a higher risk of graft loss resulting from recurrent FSGS, disproportionately seen in recipients of African-American kidneys. The role of donor/recipient race pairing on graft loss resulting from recurrent FSGS should be validated. Living donor had no association with graft loss from recurrent FSGS after correction for other factors. African-American recipients with FSGS may have the most to gain from a living donor, given their improved graft survival and decreased risk of graft loss resulting from recurrent FSGS. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Nephrol & Organ Transplant Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NIDCD, Epidemiol Stat & Data Syst Branch, Organ Transplantat Serv, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. NIDDKD, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Abbott, KC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RI Kirk, Allan/B-6905-2012; OI Abbott, Kevin/0000-0003-2111-7112 NR 32 TC 60 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0272-6386 J9 AM J KIDNEY DIS JI Am. J. Kidney Dis. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 37 IS 2 BP 366 EP 373 DI 10.1053/ajkd.2001.21311 PG 8 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 396QE UT WOS:000166647400016 PM 11157379 ER PT J AU Salerno, SM Landry, FJ Kaboli, PJ AF Salerno, SM Landry, FJ Kaboli, PJ TI Patient perceptions of the capabilities of internists: A multi-center survey SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID HEALTH-CARE; MEDICINE; RESIDENTS; ADULT AB PURPOSE: Surveys conducted by the American College of Physicians-American Society of Internal Medicine have shown that the public has varying opinions about the capabilities of internists. However, the perceptions of patients seeking care from internists remain uncertain. We wished to determine how patients visiting general internists perceived them and discover whether patients understood the differences between internists and other primary care physicians. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We surveyed established adult patients visiting three general internal medicine clinics in Georgia, Iowa, and Vermont. Patients answered 11 questions about their perceptions of an internist's scope of care and selected which of 24 diseases, symptoms, or examination skills they thought an internist could manage. RESULTS: Patients completed 601 (66%) of the 911 surveys distributed. Nearly half of patients (45%) confused internists with family physicians and 39% thought internists could treat children. Patients with college education were more than twice as likely to know that internists were not interns (Odds ratio = 2.6, 95% confidence interval 1.8 to 3.8, P <0.001) compared with patients having less education. Only 50% of patients thought an internist was trained in women's health. Significantly more (P < 0.001) patients demonstrated confidence in an internist's ability to treat symptoms (76%) than treat specific diseases (59%) or perform clinical examinations (54%). CONCLUSIONS: Established patients seeking care in internal medicine clinics lack consensus on the capabilities of internists, especially on how they differ from other specialties. Continued public education efforts should be considered to promote better understanding of the role of the internist as a specialist in adult medicine. (C) 2001 by Excerpta Medica, Inc. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Vermont, Sch Med, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. Univ Iowa, Coll Med, Iowa City, IA USA. Vet Adm Med Ctr, Iowa City, IA USA. RP Salerno, SM (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 19 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 650 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-9343 J9 AM J MED JI Am. J. Med. PD FEB 1 PY 2001 VL 110 IS 2 BP 111 EP 117 DI 10.1016/S0002-9343(00)00666-5 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 398NA UT WOS:000166761500006 PM 11165552 ER PT J AU Clarke, SP Patrician, PA AF Clarke, SP Patrician, PA TI Entry into practice in Ontario - A new initiative may have implications for American nursing. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NURSING LA English DT Article C1 USN, Nurse Corps, Washington, DC USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. FU NINR NIH HHS [T32 NR07104] NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0002-936X J9 AM J NURS JI Am. J. Nurs. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 101 IS 2 BP 73 EP + PG 3 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA 442EV UT WOS:000169273000049 PM 11227235 ER PT J AU Gonzalez, DI Zahn, CM Retzloff, MG Moore, WF Kost, ER Snyder, RR AF Gonzalez, DI Zahn, CM Retzloff, MG Moore, WF Kost, ER Snyder, RR TI Recurrence of dysplasia after loop electrosurgical excision procedures with long-term follow-up SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE loop electrosurgical excision procedure; positive margins; negative margins ID CERVICAL INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA; TRANSFORMATION ZONE LLETZ; COLD-KNIFE CONIZATION; DIATHERMY EXCISION; POSITIVE MARGINS; MANAGEMENT; DIAGNOSIS; ABLATION; CYTOLOGY; BIOPSY AB OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the rates of recurrent dysplasia with longer follow-up durations and to determine whether margin status and other variables were associated with recurrence. STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective chart review was performed for all women who underwent a loop electrosurgical excision procedure at Wilford Hall Medical Center, Lackland Air Force Base, Texas, between January 1993 and December 1994. Extracted information included age, parity, indication for the loop electrosurgical excision procedure, histologic classification of the loop electrosurgical excision procedure specimen, margin status, and whether a "deep" (endocervical) pass had been performed. Follow-up data included findings of repeated cytologic examination, colposcopy, and biopsy ii performed. RESULTS: The mean duration of follow-up for all women was 24 months. Margins were positive in 28%, with 73% of these being endocervical. The overall recurrent dysplasia rate was 31%, with a mean time to recurrence of 11.9 months. Participants with any positive margins had a higher recurrence rate than did those with negative margins (47% vs 26%; P = .009). High-grade lesions at the margin were more commonly associated with recurrence than were low-grade lesions relative to those with clear margins thigh-grade lesion vs negative margins, 55% vs 26%; P = .003; low-grade lesion vs negative margins, 36% vs 26%; P = .34). Recurrence was not associated either with the performance of an endocervical pass or with the histologic diagnosis of the loop electrosurgical excision procedure specimen. CONCLUSION: With comprehensive long-term follow-up, positive margins on loop electrosurgical excision procedure specimens were shown to be a risk factor for recurrence of cervical dysplasia, particularly when high-grade lesions were seen at the margin. Recurrence was also considerable among women with negative margins. Women should be counseled regarding this risk, and the importance of follow-up should be emphasized. C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Gonzalez, DI (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, 2200 Bergquist Dr,Suite 1, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. NR 25 TC 37 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0002-9378 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 184 IS 3 BP 315 EP 321 PG 7 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 408BF UT WOS:000167306100011 PM 11228480 ER PT J AU Dillingham, TR Lauder, TD Andary, M Kumar, S Pezzin, LE Stephens, RT Shannon, S AF Dillingham, TR Lauder, TD Andary, M Kumar, S Pezzin, LE Stephens, RT Shannon, S TI Identification of cervical radiculopathies - Optimizing the electromyographic screen SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE & REHABILITATION LA English DT Article DE electrodiagnosis; electromyography; radiculopathy; nerve conduction; cervical region ID ROOT LESIONS; MINIMONOGRAPH; MUSCLES AB Objective: To determine the optimal electromyography screening examination of the upper limb that ensures detection of those cervical radiculopathies, which can be electrodiagnostically confirmed, yet minimizes the number of muscles studied. Design: A prospective multicenter study was conducted from May 1996 to September 1997 at five institutions. Patients who were referred to participating electrodiagnostic laboratories with suspected cervical radiculopathy were recruited. A standard set of muscles were examined by needle electromyography. Patients with electrodiagnostically confirmed cervical radiculopathies, based on electromyography findings, were selected for analysis. Muscle screens were tested against this group to determine whether the screen identified the patients with radiculopathy. Results: There were 101 patients with cervical radiculopathies representing ail cervical root levels. When paraspinal muscles were one of the screening muscles, five muscle screens identified 90% to 98% of radiculopathies, six muscle screens identified 94% to 99%, and seven muscle screens identified 96% to 100%. When paraspinal muscles were not part of the screen, eight distal limb muscles recognized 92% to 95% of radiculopathies. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that six muscle screens including paraspinal muscles yielded consistently high identification rates. Studying additional muscles led to marginal increases in identification. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Baltimore, MD USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Emergency Med, Baltimore, MD USA. Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Phys Med & Rehabil Serv, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. Womack Army Med Ctr, Phys Med & Rehabil Serv, Ft Bragg, NC USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Phys Med & Rehabil Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Dillingham, TR (reprint author), 10352 Waverly Woods Dr, Ellicott City, MD 21043 USA. NR 21 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0894-9115 J9 AM J PHYS MED REHAB JI Am. J. Phys. Med. Rehabil. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 80 IS 2 BP 84 EP 91 DI 10.1097/00002060-200102000-00002 PG 8 WC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA 400HJ UT WOS:000166865900002 PM 11212017 ER PT J AU Robbins, AS Chao, SY Fonseca, VP Snedecor, MR Knapik, JJ AF Robbins, AS Chao, SY Fonseca, VP Snedecor, MR Knapik, JJ TI Predictors of low physical fitness in a cohort of active-duty US Air Force members SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE epidemiology; military personnel; physical fitness ID HERITAGE FAMILY; UNITED-STATES; BODY-FAT; EXERCISE; SMOKING; VO2MAX; ADULTS; MEN AB Background: Each branch of the U.S. armed forces has standards for physical fitness as well as programs for ensuring compliance with these standards. In the U.S. Air Force (USAF), physical fitness is assessed using submaximal cycle ergometry to estimate maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max). The purpose of this study was to identify the independent effects of demographic and behavioral factors on risk of failure to meet USAF fitness standards (hereafter called low fitness). Methods: A retrospective cohort study (N=38,837) was conducted using self-reported health risk assessment data and cycle ergometry data from active-duty Air Force (ADAF) members. Poisson regression techniques were used to estimate the associations between the factors studied and low fitness. Results: The factors studied had different effects depending on whether members passed or failed fitness testing in the previous year. All predictors had weaker effects among those with previous failure. Among those with a previous pass, demographic groups at increased risk were toward the upper end of the ADAF age distribution, senior enlisted men, and blacks. Overweight/obesity was the behavioral factor with the largest effect among men, with aerobic exercise frequency ranked second; among women, the order of these two factors was reversed. Cigarette smoking only had an adverse effect among men. For a hypothetical ADAF man who was sedentary, obese, and smoked, the results suggested that aggressive behavioral risk factor modification would produce a 77% relative decrease in risk of low fitness. Conclusions: Among ADAF members, both demographic and behavioral factors play important roles in physical fitness. Behavioral risk factors are prevalent and potentially modifiable. These data suggest that, depending on a member's risk factor profile, behavioral risk factor modification may produce impressive reductions in risk of low fitness among ADAF personnel. C1 USAF Med Operat Agcy, Hlth Innovat & Res Branch, Off Prevent & Hlth Serv Assessment, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Directorate Epidemiol & Dis Surveillance, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Robbins, AS (reprint author), USAF Med Operat Agcy, Hlth Innovat & Res Branch, Off Prevent & Hlth Serv Assessment, 2602 Doolittle Rd,Bldg 804, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. NR 32 TC 90 Z9 92 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 20 IS 2 BP 90 EP 96 DI 10.1016/S0749-3797(00)00280-4 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 400JR UT WOS:000166868900002 PM 11165448 ER PT J AU LeClaire, RD Bavari, S AF LeClaire, RD Bavari, S TI Human antibodies to bacterial superantigens and their ability to inhibit T-cell activation and lethality SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID TOXIC-SHOCK-SYNDROME; STAPHYLOCOCCAL-ENTEROTOXIN-A; NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; INTRAVENOUS IMMUNOGLOBULIN THERAPY; IMMUNE GLOBULIN; SERUM ANTIBODY; MECHANISM; STIMULATION; SECRETION; MONOCYTES AB Bacterial superantigens (BSAgs) cause massive stimulation of the immune system and are associated with various pathologies and diseases. To address the role of antibodies in protection against BSAgs, we screened the sera of 29 human volunteers for antibodies to the SAgs staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA), SEB, SEC1, and toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 (TSST-1). Although all volunteers had detectable levels of antibodies against SEB and SEC1, many (9 out of 29 volunteers) lacked detectable antibody to SEA or had minimal titers, Antibody titers to TSST-1 were well below those to SEB and SEC1, and three volunteers lacked detectable antibody to this BSAg. In addition, pooled immunoglobulin preparations obtained from different companies had antibody titers against SEs and TSST-1. There was a good correlation between antibody titers and inhibition of superantigenic effects of these toxins. Transfer of SEB-specific antibodies, obtained from pooled sera, suppressed in vitro T-cell proliferation and totally protected mice against SEB. These data suggest that the inhibitory activity of human sera was specific to antibodies directed against the toxins. Thus, it may be possible to counteract with specific antibodies BSAg-associated pathologies caused by stimulation of the immune system. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Biochem & Cell Biol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Bavari, S (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Biochem & Cell Biol, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 28 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 45 IS 2 BP 460 EP 463 DI 10.1128/AAC.45.2.460-463.2001 PG 4 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 394TP UT WOS:000166539600013 PM 11158741 ER PT J AU Rosen, DL Niles, S AF Rosen, DL Niles, S TI Chelation number of terbium dipicolinate: Effects on photoluminescence lifetime and intensity SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE terbium; dipicolinate; luminescence; lifetime; back-transfer; ligand exchange; lanthanide; chelate ID ENERGY-TRANSFER; CHIRAL DISCRIMINATION; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; LANTHANIDE IONS; URANYL-ION; LUMINESCENCE; COMPLEXES; LIGAND; ACID; COORDINATION AB Time-resolved photoluminescence was studied as a function of chelation number in terbium dipicolinate. We excited the ligand (dipicolinate) with UV (250 to 330 nm) and collected the emission from the cation (terbium) in the visible region (450 to 700 nm), The luminescence of Tb(dpa)(n)(3-2n) followed a monoexponential decay, with a lifetime (0.66 to 2.0 ms) that decreased continuously as the terbium chloride concentration increased. The luminescence lifetime of Tb(dpa)(+) was 0.66 ms. We measured the luminescence decay time, the peak intensity, and the total time-integrated intensity as a function of terbium chloride concentration at two dipicolinic acid concentrations and fitted the results to functions of terbium dipicolinate concentration. We used a model with rapid ligand exchange and rapid back-transfer of energy to fit the data to first order. We also present molar absorptivity spectra of complexes with different chelation numbers. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL CI EM, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Rosen, DL (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL CI EM, 2800 Power Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 34 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 6 PU SOC APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY PI FREDERICK PA 201B BROADWAY ST, FREDERICK, MD 21701 USA SN 0003-7028 J9 APPL SPECTROSC JI Appl. Spectrosc. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 55 IS 2 BP 208 EP 216 DI 10.1366/0003702011951524 PG 9 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy GA 409JL UT WOS:000167380500018 ER PT J AU Steevens, JA Benson, WH AF Steevens, JA Benson, WH TI Toxicokinetic interactions and survival of Hyalella azteca exposed to binary mixtures of chlorpyrifos, dieldrin, and methyl mercury SO AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE chemical mixtures; Hyalella azteca; methyl mercury; chlorpyrifos; dieldrin ID CHEMICAL-MIXTURES; TOXICITY; CHLORIDE AB Chemical mixture interactions of chlorpyrifos, dieldrin, and methyl mercury were evaluated in Hyalella azteca. Survival of adult and juvenile organisms was evaluated following exposure to individual chemicals and in binary combinations. Binary interactions of the model chemicals on survival of adult and juvenile H. azteca were evaluated by concentration-response curve analysis as additive, synergistic, antagonistic, or independent. Chlorpyrifos and methyl mercury interacted additively, while dieldrin interacted independently with both chlorpyrifos and methyl mercury. Toxicodynamic interactions were evaluated by measuring accumulation and elimination of each model toxicant in the presence of a second toxicant. Chlorpyrifos significantly increased the amount of methyl mercury accumulated in the first 12 h of exposure. Dieldrin did not interact with chlorpyrifos or methyl mercury in the accumulation or elimination experiments. Accumulation of chlorpyrifos was not observed. Results of the current investigation demonstrate that chlorpyrifos and methyl mercury interact additively, which would otherwise be predicted to act independently. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Mississippi, Sch Pharm, Dept Pharmacol, University, MS 38677 USA. Univ Mississippi, Sch Pharm, Pharmaceut Sci Res Inst, University, MS 38677 USA. RP Steevens, JA (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, CEERD ES F, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 38 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-445X J9 AQUAT TOXICOL JI Aquat. Toxicol. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 51 IS 4 BP 377 EP 388 DI 10.1016/S0166-445X(00)00127-2 PG 12 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology GA 389FK UT WOS:000166227800002 PM 11090897 ER PT J AU Hill, CM Li, WS Cheng, TC DeFrank, JJ Raushel, FM AF Hill, CM Li, WS Cheng, TC DeFrank, JJ Raushel, FM TI Stereochemical specificity of organophosphorus acid anhydrolase toward p-nitrophenyl analogs of soman and sarin SO BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE organophosphate hydrolysis; stereochemical preferences; organophosphorus acid anhydrolase ID NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; AGENT; ENZYME AB Organophosphorus acid anhydrolase (OPAA) catalyzes the hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl analogs of the organophosphonate nerve agents, sarin and soman. The enzyme is stereoselective toward the chiral phosphorus center by displaying a preference for the R-p-configuration of these analogs. OPAA also exhibits an additional preference for the stereochemical configuration at the chiral carbon center of the soman analog. The preferred configuration of the chiral carbon center is dependent upon the configuration at the phosphorus center. The enzyme displays a two- to four-fold preference for the R-p-enantiomer of the sarin analog. The k(cat)/K-m of the R-p-enantiomer is 250 M-1 s(-1), while that of the S-p-enantiomer is 110 M-1 s(-1). The order of preference for the stereoisomers of the soman analog is RpSC > RpRC > SpRC > SpSC. The k(cat)/K-m values are 36,300 M-1 s(-1), 1250 M-1 s(-1), 80 M-1 s(-1) and 5 M-1 s(-1), respectively. The RpSC-isomer of the soman analog is therefore preferred by a factor of 7000 over the SpSC-isomer. (C) 2001 Academic Press. C1 Texas A&M Univ, Dept Chem, College Stn, TX 77842 USA. USA, Edgewood Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Environm Technol Team, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Raushel, FM (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Chem, POB 30021, College Stn, TX 77842 USA. RI Raushel, Frank/B-7125-2015; Li, Wen-Shan/F-1972-2015 OI Raushel, Frank/0000-0002-5918-3089; FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM 33894] NR 14 TC 23 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0045-2068 J9 BIOORG CHEM JI Bioorganic Chem. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 29 IS 1 BP 27 EP 35 DI 10.1006/bioo.2000.1189 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Organic SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 423YA UT WOS:000168204300004 PM 11300693 ER PT J AU Levendis, YA Atal, A Carlson, JB Quintana, MD AF Levendis, YA Atal, A Carlson, JB Quintana, MD TI PAH and soot emissions from burning components of medical waste: examination/surgical gloves and cotton pads SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Congress on Toxic Combustion By-Products CY JUN 27-30, 1999 CL UNIV KARLSRUHE, KARLSRUHE, GERMANY HO UNIV KARLSRUHE ID INFECTIOUS WASTE; COMBUSTION; HOSPITALS; COAL AB This is a laboratory investigation on the emissions from batch combustion of representative infectious ("red bag") medical waste components, such as medical examination latex gloves and sterile cotton pads. Plastics and cloth account for the majority of the red bag wastes by mass and, certainly, by volume. An electrically heated, horizontal muffle furnace was used for batch combustion of small quantities of shredded fuels (0.5-1.5 g) at a gas temperature of approximate to 1000 degreesC. The residence time of the post-combustion gases in the furnace was approximate to1 s. At the exit of the furnace, the following emissions were measured: CO, CO2, NOx, particulates and polynuclear aromatic compounds (PACs). The first three gaseous emissions were measured with continuous gas analyzers. Soot and PAC emissions were simultaneously measured by passing the furnace effluent through a filter (to collect condensed-phase PACs) and a bed of XAD-4 adsorbent (to capture gaseous-phase PACs). Analysis involved soxhlet extraction, followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Results were contrasted with previously measured emissions from batch combustion of pulverized coal and tire-derived fuel (TDF) under similar conditions. Results showed that the particulate (soot) and cumulative PAC emissions from batch combustion of latex gloves were more than an order of magnitude higher than those from cotton pads. The following values are indicative of the relative trends (but not necessarily absolute values) in emission yields: 26% of the mass of the latex was converted to soot, 11% of which was condensed PAC. Only 2% of the mass of cotton pads was converted to soot, and only 3% of the weight of that soot was condensed PAC. The PAC yields from latex were comparable to those from TDF. The PAC yields from cotton were higher than those from coal. A notable exception to this trend was that the three-ring gas-phase PAC yields from cotton were more significant than those from latex. Emission yields of CO and CO2 from batch combustion of cotton were, respectively, comparable and higher than those from latex, despite the fact that the carbon content of cotton was half that of latex. This is indicative of the more effective combustion of cotton. Nearly all of the mass of carbon of cotton gasified to CO and CO2, while only small fractions of the carbon in latex were converted to CO2 and CO (20% and 10%, respectively). Yields or NOx from batch combustions of latex and cotton accounted for 15% and 12%, respectively, of the mass of fuel nitrogen indicating that more fuel nitrogen was converted to NO, in the former case, possibly due to higher flame temperatures. No SO2 emissions were detected, indicating that during the fuel-rich combustion of latex, its sulfur content was converted to other compounds (such as H2S) or remained in the soot. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Northeastern Univ, Coll Engn, Snell Engn Ctr 334, Boston, MA 02115 USA. USA, RD&E Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Univ Alicante, E-03080 Alicante, Spain. RP Levendis, YA (reprint author), Northeastern Univ, Coll Engn, Snell Engn Ctr 334, Boston, MA 02115 USA. NR 19 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 11 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD FEB-MAR PY 2001 VL 42 IS 5-7 BP 775 EP 783 DI 10.1016/S0045-6535(00)00251-4 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 401VW UT WOS:000166950200037 PM 11219703 ER PT J AU Roesel, TR AF Roesel, TR TI Pyridostigmine adverse reactions and self-reported sleep and memory difficulties in active duty Gulf War veterans. SO CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Deployment Hlth Clin Ctr, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0009-9236 J9 CLIN PHARMACOL THER JI Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 69 IS 2 SU S BP P66 EP P66 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 408PA UT WOS:000167333500254 ER PT J AU Merrill, GA Bretthauer, R Wright-Hicks, J Allen, RC AF Merrill, GA Bretthauer, R Wright-Hicks, J Allen, RC TI Effects of inhibitors on chicken polymorphonuclear leukocyte oxygenation activity measured by use of selective chemiluminigenic substrates SO COMPARATIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CHEMILUMINESCENCE; MYELOPEROXIDASE; LUMINESCENCE; NEUTROPHILS; RESPONSES AB Chicken heterophil polymorphonuclear leukocytes (CPMNLs) have NADPH oxidase activity, but lack myeloperoxidase (MPO). Stimulation of CPMNLs by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate or chicken opsonified zymosan results in luminol-dependent chemiluminescence (CL) activity, which is small relative to that of human peroxidase-positive neutrophils (HPMNLs), as well as lucigenin-dependent CL, comparable to HPMNL responses. Inhibitors were used to investigate and characterize the CL activity of CPMNLs, Inhibition constants were calculated, using Dixon inhibition analysis, or were reported as the concentration producing 50% inhibition of the magnitude of CL responses. Azide and cyanide are effective inhibitors of luminol CL in HPMNLs, although these peroxidase inhibitors do not inhibit either luminol or lucigenin CL of CPMNLs, Since these agents also inhibit eosinophil peroxidase, lack of inhibition of CPMNL CL indicates that the small percentages of peroxidase-positive eosinophils in CPMNL preparations are not responsible for the luminol CL observed. Iodoacetate and fluoride, pre-oxidase and pre-peroxidase inhibitors of glycolytic metabolism, effectively inhibit lucigenin and luminol CL activities in CPMNLs. Superoxide dismutase competitively inhibits lucigenin and luminol CL in CPMNLs, but catalase is an ineffective inhibitor. Although luminol is efficiently dioxygenated by a MPO-dependent mechanism in HPMNL, use of peroxidase-deficient CPMNLs indicates that this substrate does not exclusively measure peroxidase activity. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, San Antonio, TX 78247 USA. Grady Mem Hosp, Clin Lab, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. RP Merrill, GA (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave,Ste A, San Antonio, TX 78247 USA. RI Allen, Robert/B-6529-2008 NR 28 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI MEMPHIS PA 9190 CRESTWYN HILLS DR, MEMPHIS, TN 38125 USA SN 0023-6764 J9 COMPARATIVE MED JI Comparative Med. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 51 IS 1 BP 16 EP 21 PG 6 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 414BL UT WOS:000167646000004 PM 11926296 ER PT J AU Elston, DM AF Elston, DM TI Who has time to teach these days? SO CUTIS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA, Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, MCHE DD, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. RP Elston, DM (reprint author), USA, Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, MCHE DD, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 650 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD FEB PY 2001 VL 67 IS 2 BP 104 EP 105 PG 2 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 402ZR UT WOS:000167018500001 PM 11236215 ER PT J AU Elston, DM AF Elston, DM TI What is your diagnosis? Contact nickel dermatitis SO CUTIS LA English DT Article ID ALLERGY C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, MCHE,DD, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Elston, DM (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, MCHE,DD, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 650 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD FEB PY 2001 VL 67 IS 2 BP 106 EP + PG 3 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 402ZR UT WOS:000167018500002 PM 11236216 ER PT J AU Elston, DM Hivnor, C AF Elston, DM Hivnor, C TI What's eating you? Dermacentor andersoni SO CUTIS LA English DT Article ID IN-VITRO C1 USA, Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, MCHE,DD, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. RP Elston, DM (reprint author), USA, Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, MCHE,DD, 3851 Roger Brook Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 650 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD FEB PY 2001 VL 67 IS 2 BP 113 EP 115 PG 3 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 402ZR UT WOS:000167018500005 PM 11236219 ER PT J AU Ritter, SE Elston, DM AF Ritter, SE Elston, DM TI Cutaneous schwannoma of the foot SO CUTIS LA English DT Article ID BENIGN; NEUROFIBROMATOSIS; NEURILEMOMA AB Schwannomas usually present as solitary subcutaneous tumors adherent to a peripheral nerve. A solitary cutaneous schwannoma presenting as a solitary cutaneous nodule on the foot of a 19-year-old male is described. This is an unusual presentation of schwannoma, Saucerized excision produced an excellent result with no adverse effect on function or cutaneous sensation. C1 USA, Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, MCHE,DD, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Elston, DM (reprint author), USA, Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, MCHE,DD, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 18 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 650 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD FEB PY 2001 VL 67 IS 2 BP 127 EP 129 PG 3 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 402ZR UT WOS:000167018500008 PM 11236222 ER PT J AU Wilde, JL Meffert, JJ McCollough, ML AF Wilde, JL Meffert, JJ McCollough, ML TI Polypoid clear cell acanthoma of the scalp SO CUTIS LA English DT Article AB Clear cell acanthoma (CCA) is a rare, benign epithelial tumor most frequently found on the lower extremities, its clinical appearance may vary considerably and cases of multiple lesions have been reported. The diagnosis is made by viewing the characteristic histologic features. This case describes an unusual scalp lesion that clinically and histologically shows unique polypoid features. C1 Irwin Army Community Hosp, Dept Dermatol, Ft Riley, KS USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Meffert, JJ (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, MCHE,DD, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr,Bldg 3600, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 22 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 650 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD FEB PY 2001 VL 67 IS 2 BP 149 EP 151 PG 3 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 402ZR UT WOS:000167018500012 PM 11236226 ER PT J AU Peel, SA AF Peel, SA TI The ABC transporter genes of Plasmodium falciparum and drug resistance SO DRUG RESISTANCE UPDATES LA English DT Review ID P-GLYCOPROTEIN HOMOLOG; CONFERS CELLULAR-RESISTANCE; GENOME MICROARRAY ANALYSIS; MULTIDRUG-RESISTANCE; CHLOROQUINE-RESISTANCE; PFMDR1 GENE; MEFLOQUINE RESISTANCE; MALARIA PARASITES; IN-VITRO; HALOFANTRINE RESISTANCE AB The seminal observations that (a) chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum strains accumulate less drug than more sensitive parasites, and (b) chloroquine resistance could be modulated in vitro by the classic multidrug-resistance (MDR) modulator verapamil, suggested not only that parasite resistance to multiple drugs may be similar to the MDR phenotype described in mammalian cancer cells, but that homologous proteins may be involved. These findings prompted search for MDR-like genes in the parasite,To date,three full-length ABC transporter genes have been isolated from P. falciparum: two P-glycoprotein-like homologues, Pfmdrl and Pfmdr2, and a homologue of the yeast GCN20 gene, pfgcn20. (C) 2001 Harcourt Publishers Ltd. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Mol Diagnost & Pathogenesis, Div Retrovirol, Rockville, MD USA. RP Peel, SA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Mol Diagnost & Pathogenesis, Div Retrovirol, 1600 E Gude Dr, Rockville, MD USA. NR 106 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 3 PU CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE PI EDINBURGH PA JOURNAL PRODUCTION DEPT, ROBERT STEVENSON HOUSE, 1-3 BAXTERS PLACE, LEITH WALK, EDINBURGH EH1 3AF, MIDLOTHIAN, SCOTLAND SN 1368-7646 J9 DRUG RESIST UPDATE JI Drug Resist. Update PD FEB PY 2001 VL 4 IS 1 BP 66 EP 74 DI 10.1054/drup.2001.0183 PG 9 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 416MZ UT WOS:000167785900009 PM 11512154 ER PT J AU Butkus, MA Grasso, D AF Butkus, MA Grasso, D TI The nature of surface complexation: a continuum approach SO ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY LA English DT Article DE contact angle; ligand exchange; phosphate; surface complexation; surface tension ID PHOSPHATE SORPTION; FREE-ENERGY; MINERAL SURFACES; METAL-OXIDES; IRON-OXIDES; ADSORPTION; THERMODYNAMICS; WATER; SOILS; MODEL AB An alternative continuum approach for studying the nature of surface complexation reactions is presented. This new technique may enhance our understanding of surface complexation reactions in heterogeneous media that are often encountered in natural and engineered systems, Interpretation of particle hydrophilicity, as determined by contact angle, provides insights into the nature of the surface complex. This new continuum approach is demonstrated by evaluating two phosphate-oxide surface complexation reactions of a hydrous ferric oxide matrix (HFM). An increase in HFM polarity as a function of bound phosphate was observed. A net gain of two hydrogen-bonding sites per bound phosphate molecule was determined. The surface free energy gained per hydrogen bond added was ca. -0.431 kT/H bond. The increase in hydrophilicity, observed near neutral pH values, did not appear to derive from changes in surface charge. Consequently, phosphate was hypothesized to form a mononuclear complex with the HFM surface. These findings suggest that changes in interfacial polarity may be a useful heuristic supplement to spectroscopic measurements when evaluating the nature of a surface complex in heterogeneous systems. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Geog & Environm Engn, West Point, NY 10996 USA. Smith Coll, Picker Engn Program, Northampton, MA 01063 USA. RP Butkus, MA (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Geog & Environm Engn, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM bm8375@exmail.usma.edu RI Grasso, Domenico/D-9314-2011 NR 57 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0943-0105 J9 ENVIRON GEOL JI Environ. Geol. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 40 IS 4-5 BP 446 EP 453 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources GA 402WG UT WOS:000167010700006 ER PT J AU Punareewattana, K Smith, BJ Blaylock, BL Longstreth, J Snodgrass, HL Gogal, RM Prater, RM Holladay, SD AF Punareewattana, K Smith, BJ Blaylock, BL Longstreth, J Snodgrass, HL Gogal, RM Prater, RM Holladay, SD TI Topical permethrin exposure inhibits antibody production and macrophage function in C57B1/6N mice SO FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE permethrin; immunotoxicity; macrophage; chemiluminescent response ID GULF-WAR VETERANS; PYRETHROID INSECTICIDES; PERSONAL PROTECTION; DERMAL PENETRATION; HEALTH-STATUS; DELTAMETHRIN; DEET; LICE AB Permethrin was applied to the shaved dorsal interscapular region of C57Bl/6N mice at doses of 0.5, 1.5 or 5.0 mul/day. These doses corresponded to approximately 22-220 mg/kg/day topical insecticide. Mice were exposed to permethrin in this manner daily for 10 or 30 consecutive days, or every other day for 7 or 14 exposures. The splenic macrophage chemiluminescent response was depressed in a dose-dependent manner at 2 and 10 days post-exposure to permethrin. Phagocytic ability of macrophages was not inhibited. Antibody production as shown by plaque-forming cell (PFC) assay decreased significantly after 10 consecutive days of exposure to permethrin, These data indicate that topical permethrin exposure may produce systemic immune effects. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Virginia Maryland Reg Coll Vet Med, Dept Biomed Sci & Pathobiol, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. Univ Louisiana, Coll Pharm & Hlth Sci, Monroe, LA 71209 USA. Inst Global Risk Res LLC, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Hlth Effect Res Program, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Holladay, SD (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Virginia Maryland Reg Coll Vet Med, Dept Biomed Sci & Pathobiol, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. FU NIEHS NIH HHS [R01 ES09642-02] NR 38 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0278-6915 J9 FOOD CHEM TOXICOL JI Food Chem. Toxicol. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 39 IS 2 BP 133 EP 139 DI 10.1016/S0278-6915(00)00116-2 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA 415KG UT WOS:000167720100005 PM 11267706 ER PT J AU Dooling, RJ Dent, ML Leek, MR Gleich, O AF Dooling, RJ Dent, ML Leek, MR Gleich, O TI Masking by harmonic complexes in birds: behavioral thresholds and cochlear responses SO HEARING RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE masking; bird; harmonic complex; cochlear microphonics ID BUDGERIGARS MELOPSITTACUS-UNDULATUS; PRIMARY AUDITORY AFFERENTS; SCHROEDER-PHASE COMPLEXES; INNER-EAR; TAENIOPYGIA-GUTTATA; STURNUS-VULGARIS; PERIOD PATTERNS; ZEBRA FINCHES; FREQUENCY; DISPERSION AB Thresholds for pure tones embedded in harmonic complexes were measured behaviorally and physiologically for three species of birds, and physiologically in gerbils. The harmonic maskers were generated using the Schroeder-phase algorithm, characterized by monotonically increasing or decreasing phase across frequency. Previous work has shown that these stimuli produce large differences in masking in humans but not budgerigars. In this study, we show that for two additional species of birds, the patterns of masking were similar to those shown for budgerigars, with masking differing only slightly for the two Schroeder-phase waveforms, and in the opposite direction from that demonstrated in humans. Amounts of masking among species corresponded qualitatively to differences in their critical ratios. Evoked potential measurements in birds and gerbils indicated responses that were consistent with the behaviorally measured thresholds in birds and humans. Results are interpreted in light of differences in frequency selectivity and cochlear temporal processing across species. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. Al rights reserved. C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Psychol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Army Audiol & Speech Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Regensburg, ENT Dept, D-93042 Regensburg, Germany. RP Dooling, RJ (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Psychol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. NR 41 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-5955 J9 HEARING RES JI Hear. Res. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 152 IS 1-2 BP 159 EP 172 DI 10.1016/S0378-5955(00)00249-5 PG 14 WC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Neurosciences; Otorhinolaryngology SC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Neurosciences & Neurology; Otorhinolaryngology GA 407ZU UT WOS:000167302700015 PM 11223290 ER PT J AU Tannenbaum, LV AF Tannenbaum, LV TI Background ecological risk: To weigh in or not? That is the key question SO HUMAN AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT LA English DT Letter C1 USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, MCHB TS EHR, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Tannenbaum, LV (reprint author), USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, MCHB TS EHR, 5158 Blackhawk Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 2 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU CRC PRESS LLC PI BOCA RATON PA 2000 CORPORATE BLVD NW, JOURNALS CUSTOMER SERVICE, BOCA RATON, FL 33431 USA SN 1080-7039 J9 HUM ECOL RISK ASSESS JI Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 7 IS 1 BP 217 EP 219 PG 3 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 410HE UT WOS:000167433900017 ER PT J AU Long, MC Marshall, KEJ Kearney, BJ Ludwig, GV Wong, JP Nagata, LP AF Long, MC Marshall, KEJ Kearney, BJ Ludwig, GV Wong, JP Nagata, LP TI Pharmacokinetics study of a novel chimeric single-chain variable fragment antibody against western equine encephalitis virus SO HYBRIDOMA LA English DT Article ID PHAGE DISPLAY LIBRARY; B SURFACE-ANTIGEN; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; IN-VITRO; BINDING-AFFINITY; EXPRESSION; MICE; CONSTRUCTION; INFECTION AB A novel recombinant single-chain fragment variable (scFv) antibody against western equine encephalitis (WEE) virus has been previously constructed and partially characterized. The RS10B5huFc antibody was made by fusing an anti-WEE scFv to a human heavy-chain IgG(1) constant region. The RS10B5huFc antibody was functional in binding to WEE virus in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), and the Fc domain of the antibody was capable of effector functions, such as binding to protein G and human complement. In this study, the RS10B5huFc antibody was further characterized by BIAcore analyses and was found to possess a binding affinity to a WEE virus epitope (K[D] = 9.14 x 10(-6) M), 4.5-fold lower than its parental mouse monoclonal antibody (MAb) 10B5 E7E2 (K[D] = 2 x 10(-6) M). No cross-reactivity was found between the RS10B5huFc antibody and three other alphaviruses (Sindbis virus [SIN], Venezuelan equine encephalitis [VEE] virus, and eastern equine encephalitis [EEE] virus). Pharmacokinetics studies showed that the RS10B5huFc antibody (free and encapsulated) was found to be retained in the lungs of mice for greater than 48 h when administered intranasally, In contrast, when administered intramuscularly to mice, the RS10B5huFc antibody was not detected in the lungs and only found in the liver and kidneys. C1 Def Res Estab Suffield, Chem & Biol Def Sect, Medicine Hat, AB T1A 8K6, Canada. Geocenters Inc, Rockville, MD USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Diagnost Syst Div, Frederick, MD USA. RP Nagata, LP (reprint author), Def Res Estab Suffield, Chem & Biol Def Sect, Box 4000,Stn Main, Medicine Hat, AB T1A 8K6, Canada. NR 49 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 0272-457X J9 HYBRIDOMA JI Hybridoma PD FEB PY 2001 VL 20 IS 1 BP 1 EP 10 DI 10.1089/027245701300060328 PG 10 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology GA 425EM UT WOS:000168275400001 PM 11289221 ER PT J AU Teeter, AM Johnson, BH Berger, C Stelling, G Scheffner, NW Garcia, MH Parchure, TM AF Teeter, AM Johnson, BH Berger, C Stelling, G Scheffner, NW Garcia, MH Parchure, TM TI Hydrodynamic and sediment transport modeling with emphasis on shallow-water, vegetated areas (lakes, reservoirs, estuaries and lagoons) SO HYDROBIOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE model; hydrodynamics; sediment transport; resuspension; submersed aquatic vegetation ID WIND-INDUCED RESUSPENSION; UNDERWATER LIGHT CLIMATE; LANGMUIR CIRCULATIONS; CHESAPEAKE BAY; BOTTOM STRESS; SURFACE-WAVES; LAKE; DYNAMICS; FRICTION; SEAGRASS AB Modeling capabilities for shallow, vegetated, systems are reviewed to assess hydrodynamic, wind and wave, submersed plant friction, and sediment transport aspects. Typically, ecosystems with submersed aquatic vegetation are relatively shallow, physically stable and of moderate hydrodynamic energy. Wind-waves are often important to sediment resuspension. These are open systems that receive flows of material and energy to various degrees around their boundaries. Bed shear-stress, erosion, light extinction and submersed aquatic vegetation influence each other. Therefore, it is difficult to uncouple these components in model systems. Spatial changes in temperature, salinity, dissolved and particulate material depend on hydrodynamics. Water motions range from wind-wave scales on the small end, which might be important to erosion, to sub-tidal or seasonal scales on the large end, which are generally important to flushing. Seagrass modifies waves and, therefore, affects the relationships among the non-dimensional scaling parameters commonly used in wave analysis. Seagrass shelters the bed, often causing aggradation and changes in grain size, while increasing total resistance to flow. Hydrodynamic friction can not be well characterized by a single-parameter equation in seagrass beds, and models need appropriate enhancement when applied to these systems. Presently, modeling is limited by computational power, which is, however, improving. Other limitations include information on seagrass effects expressed in frictional resistance to currents, bed-sheltering, and wave damping in very shallow water under conditions of both normal and high bed roughness. Moreover, quantitative information on atmospheric friction and shear stress in shallow water and seagrass areas are needed. So far, various empirical equations have been used with wind or wave forcing to describe resuspension in shallow water. Although these equations have been reasonably successful in predicting suspended sediment concentrations, they require site-specific data. More detailed laboratory and field measurements are needed to improve the resuspension equations and model formulation pertaining to seagrass beds. C1 USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Delft Univ Technol, Dept Fluid Mech, NL-2600 GA Delft, Netherlands. Univ Illinois, Dept Civil Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Teeter, AM (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RI stelling, gustaaf/M-7775-2014 NR 88 TC 50 Z9 54 U1 5 U2 37 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0018-8158 J9 HYDROBIOLOGIA JI Hydrobiologia PD FEB PY 2001 VL 444 IS 1-3 BP 1 EP 24 DI 10.1023/A:1017524430610 PG 23 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 426DK UT WOS:000168334400001 ER PT J AU Van Duin, EHS Blom, G Los, FJ Maffione, R Zimmerman, R Cerco, CF Dortch, M Best, EPH AF Van Duin, EHS Blom, G Los, FJ Maffione, R Zimmerman, R Cerco, CF Dortch, M Best, EPH TI Modeling underwater light climate in relation to sedimentation, resuspension, water quality and autotrophic growth SO HYDROBIOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE model; light; spectral effects; resuspension; suspended solids; photosynthesis; phytoplankton; submersed aquatic vegetation ID DISSOLVED ORGANIC-MATTER; CHESAPEAKE BAY; NATURAL-WATERS; PHYTOPLANKTON; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; ABSORPTION; COMPUTATION; TRANSPORT; INTENSITY; LAKES AB The underwater light climate ultimately determines the depth distribution, abundance and primary production of autotrophs suspended within and rooted beneath the water column. This paper addresses the underwater light climate, with reference to effects of suspended solids and growth responses of autotrophs with emphasis on phytoplankton. Effects of the most important factors contributing to the absorption and scattering of light in surface waters were described. A comparison between spectral and scalar approaches to underwater light climate modeling was made and examples of linear approximations to light attenuation equations were presented. It was demonstrated that spectral and scalar photosynthesis models may converge to similar values in spectral-flat, high photon flux environments, but that scalar PAR models may overestimate biomass-specific production by 70%. Such differences can lead to serious overestimates of habitat suitability for the growth and survival of submersed macrophytes, particularly in relatively turbid, coastal waters. Relationships between physical and optical properties of suspended sediments were described theoretically, and illustrated with modeling examples and measurements. It was found that the slowly settling particulate fraction contributed substantially to the suspended solids concentration, and greatly to light attenuation within the water column. It was concluded that distinguishing particles by fall velocity and concomitant light attenuation properties in the modeling of underwater light conditions allowed the establishment of useful, although not simply linear, relationships. In eutrophic, shallow lakes, the largest contribution to light attenuation often originates from phytoplankton on a seasonal basis (months-years), but from suspended solids behavior on a shorter time scale (days-weeks), particularly when water bodies are wind-exposed. Temporal and spatial variabilities in wave height, suspended solids concentrations, and light attenuation within the water column, and their importance for autotrophic growth were described, and illustrated with a case study pertaining to Markermeer, The Netherlands. The influence of underwater light conditions on phytoplankton succession was briefly discussed and illustrated with a case study pertaining to Lake Veluwe, The Netherlands. It was concluded that modeling the underwater light climate in a water body on a few sites only can indicate how important various components are for the attenuation of light, but based on the current state of the art, it can not be expected that this will provide accurate predictions of the underwater light climate, and of phytoplankton and submersed macrophyte growth. C1 Waterboard Rijnland, NL-2300 AA Leiden, Netherlands. RWS RIZA, Inst Water Qual Management & Waste Water Treatmen, NL-3316 AV Dordrecht, Netherlands. Delft Hydraul Lab, NL-2600 MH Delft, Netherlands. Moss Landing Marine Labs, Moss Landing, CA 95039 USA. USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Van Duin, EHS (reprint author), Waterboard Rijnland, POB 156, NL-2300 AA Leiden, Netherlands. NR 50 TC 79 Z9 84 U1 4 U2 49 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0018-8158 J9 HYDROBIOLOGIA JI Hydrobiologia PD FEB PY 2001 VL 444 IS 1-3 BP 25 EP 42 DI 10.1023/A:1017512614680 PG 18 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 426DK UT WOS:000168334400002 ER PT J AU Best, EPH Buzzelli, CP Bartell, SM Wetzel, RL Boyd, WA Doyle, RD Campbell, KR AF Best, EPH Buzzelli, CP Bartell, SM Wetzel, RL Boyd, WA Doyle, RD Campbell, KR TI Modeling submersed macrophyte growth in relation to underwater light climate: modeling approaches and application potential SO HYDROBIOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE model; light climate; submersed macrophyte; freshwater; estuarine; photosynthesis; risk analysis ID ZOSTERA-MARINA L; LOWER CHESAPEAKE BAY; MYRIOPHYLLUM-SPICATUM L; LITTORAL-ZONE HABITATS; AQUATIC VEGETATION; DYNAMIC SIMULATION; WATER-QUALITY; DEPTH LIMITS; EELGRASS; BIOMASS AB The underwater light climate is one of the most important determinants of submersed aquatic vegetation. Because of the recent, large-scale, declines in aquatic vegetation, largely attributed to deterioration of the underwater light climate, interest in tools to predict the wax and wane of aquatic macrophyte populations has greatly increased. This paper summarizes two modeling approaches that can be applied to assess impacts of changes in underwater light climate on submersed vegetation. The first, stand-alone, model type focuses on metabolism and biomass formation of submersed freshwater macrophytes with difference in phenologies. This type is illustrated by examples from various sites using models developed for the freshwater macrophytes Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle (HYDRIL) and Myriophyllum spicatum L. (MILFO), and also by an example ecological risk assessment. The models (HYDRIL and MILFO) track carbon flow through the vegetation in meter-squared (m(2)) water columns. The models include descriptions of various factors that affect biomass dynamics, such as site-characteristic changes in climate, latitude, light attenuation within the water column, carbon assimilation rate at light saturation, temperature, wintering strategies, grazing and mechanical control (removal of shoot biomass). Simulated biomass, net assimilation and maintenance respiration over a relatively short (1-5 year) period agree well with measured values. The models are, therefore, believed to be suitable for predicting plant community production, growth and survival characteristics over relatively short periods over a large range of sites. The feasibility of using a macrophyte growth model of the HYDRIL type for ecological risk assessment is demonstrated. It is used to evaluate the consequences of management changes in large rivers for the survival of submersed vegetation. The current assessment evaluates the potential impact of increased commercial navigation traffic on the growth of Potamogeton pectinatus L. in Pool 4 of the Upper Mississippi River, U.S.A. In this case, navigational traffic scenarios were translated into suspended solids concentrations and underwater light climate, with the latter being used as inputs into the aquatic plant growth model. Model results demonstrate that the scenario increases in commercial traffic cause minimal decreases in growth and vegetative reproduction. Results indicate that this growth model can be a useful tool in ecological risk assessment, since the required stress-response relationships could be established. The second, integrated, model type focuses on the role of seagrass and other primary producers in estuarine littoral zone material cycling (carbon and nitrogen) at the Goodwin Islands, Virginia, U.S.A. The latter model was used to explore the effects of changes in underwater light climate and inorganic nitrogen on the biomass formation of Zostera marina in one of four interacting habitats at different elevations, coupled by a hydrodynamic model. Simulation results indicate that the water quality recently met the light extinction coefficient standard viewed as critical for the presence of healthy seagrass meadows, but that increased material loading into the littoral zone is expected to increase turbidity in the water column, causing a decreased production of seagrass and increased production of phytoplankton, lower overall system production, more rapid turnover of nitrogen, and a less vegetated habitat for fauna. Submersed macrophyte growth models can be useful tools to enhance our understanding of macrophyte responses, that is, their interactions with environmental factors and anthropogenic stressors. They can be used for predictions of future states based on assumptions of known interactions, but they can not be expected to provide precise predictions of future states. C1 USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Univ N Carolina, Inst Marine Sci, Morehead City, NC 28557 USA. Cadmus Grp Inc, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. Coll William & Mary, Sch Marine Sci, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA. Univ N Texas, Denton, TX 76203 USA. RP Best, EPH (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, ATTN CEERD-EP-R,3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 98 TC 40 Z9 42 U1 9 U2 57 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0018-8158 J9 HYDROBIOLOGIA JI Hydrobiologia PD FEB PY 2001 VL 444 IS 1-3 BP 43 EP 70 DI 10.1023/A:1017564632427 PG 28 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 426DK UT WOS:000168334400003 ER PT J AU Madsen, JD Chambers, PA James, WF Koch, EW Westlake, DF AF Madsen, JD Chambers, PA James, WF Koch, EW Westlake, DF TI The interaction between water movement, sediment dynamics and submersed macrophytes SO HYDROBIOLOGIA LA English DT Review DE current velocity; hydrology; sediment resuspension; sediment deposition; sediment stabilization; submersed aquatic vegetation ID MORPHOLOGICALLY DISTINCT FORMS; BOUNDARY-LAYER TRANSPORT; THALASSIA-TESTUDINUM; AQUATIC MACROPHYTES; GIANT-KELP; MACROCYSTIS-INTEGRIFOLIA; CURRENT VELOCITY; EMPIRICAL-MODEL; EELGRASS BEDS; SHALLOW LAKES AB Water movement in freshwater and marine environments affects submersed macrophytes, which also mediate water movement. The result of this complex interaction also affects sediment dynamics in and around submersed macrophyte beds. This review defines known relationships and identifies areas that need additional research on the complex interactions among submersed macrophytes, water movement, and sediment dynamics. Four areas are addressed: (1) the effects of water movement on macrophytes, (2) the effects of macrophyte stands on water movement, (3) the effects of macrophyte beds on sedimentation within vegetated areas, and (4) the relationship between sediment resuspension and macrophytes. Water movement has a significant effect on macrophyte growth, typically stimulating both abundance and diversity of macrophytes at low to moderate velocities, but reducing growth at higher velocities. In turn, macrophyte beds reduce current velocities both within and adjacent to the beds, resulting in increased sedimentation and reduced turbidity. Reduced turbidity increases light availability to macrophytes, increasing their growth. Additionally, macrophytes affect the distribution, composition and particle size of sediments in both freshwater and marine environments. Therefore, establishment and persistence of macrophytes in both marine and freshwater environments provide important ecosystem services, including: (1) improving water quality; and (2) stabilizing sediments, reducing sediment resuspension, erosion and turbidity. C1 Natl Water Res Inst, Saskatoon, SK S7N 3H5, Canada. USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Eau Galle Limnol Lab, Spring Valley, WI 54767 USA. Horn Point Lab, Cambridge, MD 21613 USA. Aquat Plant Consultancy, Wareham BH20 4BS, Dorset, England. USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Madsen, JD (reprint author), Minnesota State Univ, Trafton Sci Ctr S242, Dept Biol Sci, Mankato, MN 56001 USA. NR 119 TC 355 Z9 389 U1 36 U2 182 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0018-8158 J9 HYDROBIOLOGIA JI Hydrobiologia PD FEB PY 2001 VL 444 IS 1-3 BP 71 EP 84 DI 10.1023/A:1017520800568 PG 14 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 426DK UT WOS:000168334400004 ER PT J AU Yang, RQ Bradshaw, JL Bruno, JD Pham, JT Wortman, DE AF Yang, RQ Bradshaw, JL Bruno, JD Pham, JT Wortman, DE TI Power, efficiency, and thermal characteristics of type-II interband cascade lasers SO IEEE JOURNAL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE diode lasers; mid-infrared; quantum-well lasers; semiconductor superlattices; thermal factors ID CONTINUOUS-WAVE OPERATION; WELL DIODE-LASERS; QUANTUM-WELLS; MIDINFRARED LASERS; HEAT-SINKING; CW; SUPERLATTICE; SEMICONDUCTORS; ISSUES AB High-performance mid-infrared type-II interband cascade lasers have been demonstrated under continuous-wave (CW) conditions with record-high wall-plug efficiencies (>14%) and output powers (>100 mW/facet) above 77 K, Device characteristics of these type-II interband cascade lasers are investigated systematically in terms of their output powers and efficiencies. Also, by comparing the temperature dependence of the threshold currents under pulsed and CW conditions, the thermal resistance and maximum heat sink temperature for CW operation are estimated for several mesa sizes. The limiting factors due to device heating for high-power/high-efficiency operation are identified and discussed in connection with device dimensions and packaging for the purpose of assessing further improvements. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Yang, RQ (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RI Bradshaw, John/E-8330-2011 NR 45 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9197 J9 IEEE J QUANTUM ELECT JI IEEE J. Quantum Electron. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 37 IS 2 BP 282 EP 289 DI 10.1109/3.903079 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA 404YC UT WOS:000167129200015 ER PT J AU Khosravani, R Lima, IT Ebrahimi, P Ibragimov, E Willner, AE Menyuk, CR AF Khosravani, R Lima, IT Ebrahimi, P Ibragimov, E Willner, AE Menyuk, CR TI Time and frequency domain characteristics of polarization-mode dispersion emulators SO IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE optical communication; polarization; polarization-mode dispersion; wavelength-division multiplexing ID FIBERS; COMPENSATION AB We investigate both experimentally and theoretically a new technique to realistically emulate polarization-mode dispersion (PMD), We propose and demonstrate a PMD emulator using rotatable connectors between sections of polarization-maintaining fibers that generates an ensemble of high PMD fiber realizations by randomly rotating the connectors. It is shown that: 1) the DGD of this emulator is Maxwellian-distributed over an ensemble of fiber realizations at any fixed optical frequency; and 2) the frequency autocorrelation function of the PMD emulator resembles that in a real fiber when averaged over an ensemble of fiber realizations. A realistic autocorrelation function is required for proper emulation of higher order PMD and indicates the feasibility of using this emulator for wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) systems. C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. USARL, Lab Telecommun Sci, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Khosravani, R (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. NR 11 TC 51 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 1041-1135 J9 IEEE PHOTONIC TECH L JI IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 13 IS 2 BP 127 EP 129 DI 10.1109/68.910510 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA 409EE UT WOS:000167370900011 ER PT J AU O'Neill, K AF O'Neill, K TI Discrimination of UXO in soil using broadband polarimetric GPR backscatter SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE global positioning satellite (GPS); polarimetry; radar; subsurface; unexploded ordnance (UXO) ID BURIED OBJECTS; SURFACE; RADAR AB Polarimetric analysis of ground penetrating radar (GPR) backscatter offers a new means of discriminating subsurface metallic target shapes from one another. Such discrimination is urgently needed to distinguish buried unexploded ordnance (UXO) from other subsurface objects. To illuminate the underlying phenomenology of scattering from objects enveloped in soil, three-dimensional (3-D) simulations are performed over a broad frequency band, characteristic of new low frequency GPRs, For moist soil, this means that the subsurface wavelength may range from a fraction of the target size to an order of magnitude larger. With a transmitting antenna representation that produces typical subsurface GPR beam features, combined effects of positional, orientation, and frequency diversity are investigated. Despite long wavelengths, results show distinctive features in reflections obtained from contrasting example target shapes. Full polarimetric analysis suggests the capability for inferring the length of elongated targets, aspect ratio and rotational symmetry, and gross shape along the axis for either elongated or flattened bodies of revolution in problematical orientations. C1 Erdc, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP O'Neill, K (reprint author), Erdc, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 25 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0196-2892 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD FEB PY 2001 VL 39 IS 2 BP 356 EP 367 DI 10.1109/36.905244 PG 12 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 407AT UT WOS:000167249800015 ER PT J AU Ryu, H Kim, YS Grange, PA Cassels, FJ AF Ryu, H Kim, YS Grange, PA Cassels, FJ TI Escherichia coli strain RDEC-1 AF/R1 endogenous fimbrial glycoconjugate receptor molecules in rabbit small intestine SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID CLOSTRIDIUM-DIFFICILE TOXIN; BRUSH-BORDER PROTEIN; SUCRASE-ISOMALTASE; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; AMINOPEPTIDASE-N; GLYCOLIPID RECEPTORS; ADHERENCE; GLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS; COLONIZATION; BACTERIA AB Escherichia coli strain RDEC-1 causes a diarrheagenic infection in rabbits with AF/R1 fimbriae, which have been identified as an important colonization factor in RDEC-1 adherence leading to disease, The AF/R1-mediated RDEC-1 adherence model has been used as a model systems for E, coli diarrheal diseases. In this study, RDEC-1 adhered specifically to small intestinal brush borders, with both sialic acid and beta -galactosyl residues apparently involved, The AF/R1-mediated adherence activity of [(14)C]-labeled RDEC-1 was analyzed quantitatively by using 24-well plates coated with purified brush borders and purified microvilli, Two microvillus membrane proteins (130 and 140 kDa) were individually isolated, and chicken antibody raised to each protein inhibited bacterial adherence, These same two proteins, previously shown to be recognized by AF/R1, were individually digested with trypsin, and the amino acid sequences of peptides were determined by reversed-phase capillary liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS). This LC-MS analysis indicated that these proteins are subunits of the rabbit sucrase-isomaltase protein (SI) complex Guinea pig serum raised to purified rabbit SI complex inhibited bacterial adherence to microvilli. Additionally, as determined by high-performance thin-layer chromatography and autoradiography, RDEC-1 adhered selectively, via AF/R1 fimbriae, to a glycolipid tentatively identified as galactosylceramide (Gal beta1-1Cer) in the lipid extract of rabbit small intestinal brush borders. RDEC-1 adherence to Gal beta1-1Cer was partially inhibited in the presence of galactose, These combined results indicate that the endogenous receptor molecule for AF/R1 fimbriae of RDEC-1 is each individual component of the SI complex, although binding to glycolipid may be responsible for an additional adherence mechanism. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Enter Infect, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Vet Adm Med Ctr, Gastrointestinal Res Lab, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. RP Cassels, FJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Enter Infect, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM fred.cassels@na.amedd.army.mil FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK17938] NR 43 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 69 IS 2 BP 640 EP 649 DI 10.1128/IAI.69.2.640-649.2001 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 394MW UT WOS:000166528700002 PM 11159950 ER PT J AU Erwin, JL DaSilva, LM Bavari, S Little, SF Friedlander, AM Chanh, TC AF Erwin, JL DaSilva, LM Bavari, S Little, SF Friedlander, AM Chanh, TC TI Macrophage-derived cell lines do not express proinflammatory cytokines after exposure to Bacillus anthracis lethal toxin SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID FACTOR CLEAVES; TNF-ALPHA; KINASE AB We present evidence that Bacillus anthracis lethal toxin (LT) suppresses rather than induces proinflammatory cytokine production in macrophages. Suppression is observed with extremely low levels of LT and involves inhibition of transcription of cytokine messenger RNA. Thus, LT may contribute to anthrax pathogenesis by suppressing the inflammatory response. C1 USA Headquarters, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Div Virol, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Div Toxicol, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Div Bacteriol, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Chanh, TC (reprint author), USA Headquarters, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, 1425 Porter St, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. NR 7 TC 104 Z9 109 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 69 IS 2 BP 1175 EP 1177 DI 10.1128/IAI.69.2.1175-1177.2001 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 394MW UT WOS:000166528700068 PM 11160016 ER PT J AU McLeod, R Muench, SP Rafferty, JB Kyle, DE Mui, EJ Kirisits, MJ Mack, DG Roberts, CW Samuel, BU Lyons, RE Dorris, M Milhous, WK Rice, DW AF McLeod, R Muench, SP Rafferty, JB Kyle, DE Mui, EJ Kirisits, MJ Mack, DG Roberts, CW Samuel, BU Lyons, RE Dorris, M Milhous, WK Rice, DW TI Triclosan inhibits the growth of Plasmodium falciparum and Toxoplasma gondii by inhibition of apicomplexan Fab I SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE FAB I; triclosan; Toxoplasma gondii; Plasmodium falciparum; lipid synthesis ID ANTIMALARIAL-DRUGS; PATHWAY; REDUCTASE; INVITRO; TARGET AB Fab I, enoyl acyl carrier protein reductase (ENR), is an enzyme used in fatty acid synthesis. It is a single chain polypeptide in plants, bacteria, and mycobacteria, but is part of a complex polypeptide in animals and fungi. Certain other enzymes in fatty acid synthesis in apicomplexan parasites appear to have multiple forms, homologous to either a plastid, plant-like single chain enzyme or more like the animal complex polypeptide chain. We identified a plant-like Fab I in Plasmodium falciparum and modelled the structure on the Brassica napus and Escherichia coli structures, alone and complexed to triclosan (5-chloro-2-[2,4 dichlorophenoxyl phenol]), which confirmed ail the requisite features of an ENR and its interactions with triclosan. Like the remarkable effect of triclosan on a wide variety of bacteria, this compound markedly inhibits growth and survival of the apicomplexan parasites P. falciparum and Toxoplasma gondii at low (i.e. IC50 congruent to 150-2000 and 62 ng/ml, respectively) concentrations. Discovery and characterisation of an apicomplexan Fab I and discovery of triclosan as lead compound provide means to rationally design novel inhibitory compounds. (C) 2001 Australian Society for Parasitology Inc. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Chicago, Dept Ophthalmol & Visual Sci, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Med, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Pathol, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Chicago, Comm Genet, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Chicago, Comm Immunol, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Sheffield, Dept Mol Biol & Biotechnol, Sheffield S10 2TN, S Yorkshire, England. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20307 USA. Univ Strathclyde, Dept Immunol, Glasgow G4 0NR, Lanark, Scotland. Northwestern Univ, Dept Pathol, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. RP McLeod, R (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Dept Ophthalmol & Visual Sci, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RI Roberts, Craig/B-8016-2008; Lyons, Russell/A-7051-2011; Russell, Lyons/H-7942-2013; OI Roberts, Craig/0000-0002-0653-835X; Russell, Lyons/0000-0002-0795-7994; Muench, Stephen/0000-0001-6869-4414 FU PHS HHS [R01 44572] NR 18 TC 141 Z9 146 U1 0 U2 13 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0020-7519 J9 INT J PARASITOL JI Int. J. Parasit. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 31 IS 2 BP 109 EP 113 DI 10.1016/S0020-7519(01)00111-4 PG 5 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 411RT UT WOS:000167513600001 PM 11239932 ER PT J AU Raftenberg, MN AF Raftenberg, MN TI A shear banding model for penetration calculations SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE adiabatic shear banding; spall strength; tensile damage; armor steel; perforation ID LOCALIZATION; GROWTH AB A model for introducing the effects of adiabatic shear banding into a penetration calculation was installed into the EPIC wavecode. The model makes use of a strain-rate-dependent instability strain. Thereafter a modified constant-strain-rate, torsional von Mises stress-equivalent plastic strain curve is imposed on a finite element. The modification, motivated by the existence of superimposed pressure, is a pressure-dependent residual strength in an element associated with fully formed shear bands. The model also imposes an increase in spall pressure. An application to a set of problems involving steel plate perforation by a tungsten rod is considered. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, WM TD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Raftenberg, MN (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, WM TD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 31 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0734-743X J9 INT J IMPACT ENG JI Int. J. Impact Eng. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 25 IS 2 BP 123 EP 146 DI 10.1016/S0734-743X(00)00037-3 PG 24 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA 391DL UT WOS:000166338800002 ER PT J AU Michaelson, PG Cable, BB Mair, EA AF Michaelson, PG Cable, BB Mair, EA TI Image-guided transphenoidal drainage of a cholesterol granuloma of the petrous apex in a child SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cholesterol granuloma; sphenoid sinus; petrous apex; endoscopic; child; image-guided surgery ID TERM FOLLOW-UP; TEMPORAL BONE; SKULL-BASE; MANAGEMENT; DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY AB Cholesterol granulomas of the petrous apex are well-described lesions that originate from chronic obstruction of the air cells in the petrous pyramid. Intracranial surgery, associated with multiple potential complications, has been the salutary action to treat this entity with only two reports of endoscopic drainage of a cholesterol granuloma of the paranasal sinuses. We present the first pediatric patient to be treated by not only endoscopic drainage, but also by the incorporation of computer-assisted image-guided surgery to minimize risk of injury to structures adjacent to the posterior wall of the sphenoid sinus. (C) 2001 Published by Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Mair, EA (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 17 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0165-5876 J9 INT J PEDIATR OTORHI JI Int. J. Pediatr. Otorhinolaryngol. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 57 IS 2 BP 165 EP 169 DI 10.1016/S0165-5876(00)00456-0 PG 5 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Pediatrics SC Otorhinolaryngology; Pediatrics GA 397FW UT WOS:000166683500010 PM 11165656 ER PT J AU O'Hara, M Lloyd, WC Scribbick, FW Gulley, ML AF O'Hara, M Lloyd, WC Scribbick, FW Gulley, ML TI Latent intracellular Epstein-Barr virus DNA demonstrated in ocular posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder mimicking granulomatous uveitis with iris nodules in a child SO JOURNAL OF AAPOS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 26th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-Pediatric-Ophthalmology-and-Strabismus CY APR 12-16, 2000 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA SP Amer Assoc Pediat Ophthalmol & Strabisums AB A case of intraocular posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) is described in a 9-year-old female who underwent orthotopic liver transplantation at the age of 18 months. The prevalence of ophthalmic involvement in PTLD can be expected to rise with the increasing number of major organ transplantations, as well as improved survivorship. Children are particularly at risk for this posttransplant complication because they are usually seronegative for the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) prior to transplant. Accurate diagnostic classification of PTLD to include confirmation of EBV infection carries significant therapeutic and prognostic implications. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, F Edward Hebert Sch Med, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, San Antonio, TX USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Ophthalmol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP O'Hara, M (reprint author), 3726 Hundred Oaks, San Antonio, TX 78217 USA. NR 5 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 1091-8531 J9 J AAPOS JI J. AAPOS PD FEB PY 2001 VL 5 IS 1 BP 62 EP 63 DI 10.1067/mpa.2001.112444 PG 2 WC Ophthalmology; Pediatrics SC Ophthalmology; Pediatrics GA 408KY UT WOS:000167326400019 PM 11182679 ER PT J AU Brown, LL Martin, BL Morris, MJ AF Brown, LL Martin, BL Morris, MJ TI Airway hyperresponsiveness in methacholine challenge following negative exercise challenge SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0091-6749 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 107 IS 2 SU S MA 992 BP S303 EP S303 PG 1 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 405RE UT WOS:000167172300988 ER PT J AU Frank, TW Hartman, K Nelson, MR AF Frank, TW Hartman, K Nelson, MR TI Anaphylactoid reactions to multiple parenteral iron preparations: A report of a case SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0091-6749 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 107 IS 2 SU S MA 36 BP S11 EP S11 PG 1 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 405RE UT WOS:000167172300037 ER PT J AU Glushko, GM Polly, S Katial, RK AF Glushko, GM Polly, S Katial, RK TI Acute renal transplant rejection associated with antidonor lymphocytoxic antibodies successfully treated with intravenous gammaglobulin SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0091-6749 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 107 IS 2 SU S MA 972 BP S296 EP S296 PG 1 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 405RE UT WOS:000167172300968 ER PT J AU Hershey, JN Engler, RJM Katial, RK AF Hershey, JN Engler, RJM Katial, RK TI Tuberculin skin tests: To measure or notto measure in two directions SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0091-6749 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 107 IS 2 SU S MA 830 BP S254 EP S254 PG 1 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 405RE UT WOS:000167172300826 ER PT J AU Katial, RK Brandt, BL Moran, EE Agnello, V Marks, S Zollinger, WD AF Katial, RK Brandt, BL Moran, EE Agnello, V Marks, S Zollinger, WD TI Immunogenicity and safety testing of an intranasal group B meningococcal native outer membrane vesicle vaccine SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0091-6749 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 107 IS 2 SU S MA 1063 BP S326 EP S327 PG 2 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 405RE UT WOS:000167172301059 ER PT J AU Loesevitz, AW Cossentino, MJ Benson, PM Hoangxuan, TA Haga, LL Hoffman, K Grabenstein, JD Engler, RJM AF Loesevitz, AW Cossentino, MJ Benson, PM Hoangxuan, TA Haga, LL Hoffman, K Grabenstein, JD Engler, RJM TI Anthrax vaccine related adverse events: Non-localized cutaneous reactions SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. Mil & Vet Hlth Coordinating Board, Washington, DC USA. US Army Med Command, Falls Church, VA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0091-6749 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 107 IS 2 SU S MA 25 BP S8 EP S8 PG 1 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 405RE UT WOS:000167172300026 ER PT J AU Menich, MD Costello, CN Hoffman, K Hershey, JN Engler, RJM AF Menich, MD Costello, CN Hoffman, K Hershey, JN Engler, RJM TI Anthrax vaccine associated side effects: Consistent gender differences SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Darnell Army Commun Hosp, Ft Hood, TX USA. Mil & Vet Hlth Coordinating Board, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0091-6749 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 107 IS 2 SU S MA 26 BP S8 EP S8 PG 1 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 405RE UT WOS:000167172300027 ER PT J AU Nelson, MR Loesevitz, AW Engler, RJM AF Nelson, MR Loesevitz, AW Engler, RJM TI Emergent levofloxacin desensitization in acute myelogenous leukemia SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0091-6749 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 107 IS 2 SU S MA 16 BP S5 EP S5 PG 1 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 405RE UT WOS:000167172300017 ER PT J AU Tobin, MS Bruno, JD AF Tobin, MS Bruno, JD TI Quantum-confined Stark effect modulator based on multiple triple-quantum welts SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; OPTICAL MODULATION; ELECTROABSORPTION MODULATORS; VISIBLE WAVELENGTHS; INFRARED MODULATOR; SPECTRAL REGION; ELECTRIC-FIELD; WELLS; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; SHIFTS AB A GaAs/AlGaAs triple-quantum-well structure is designed to have its lowest energy excitonic transition located significantly above the GaAs band gap, while maintaining large Stark shifts. We present photocurrent measurements of absorption features found in two different Al0.3Ga0.7As p-i-n diode structures: one contains multiple GaAs coupled-triple-quantum wells, and the other, multiple Al0.6Ga0.94As quantum wells. Both systems are designed to have their absorption edges at the same energy. The photocurrent spectra are compared, and preliminary 810 nm modulator results are presented based on the multiple triple-quantum-well approach. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM mtobin@arl.army.mil NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD FEB 1 PY 2001 VL 89 IS 3 BP 1885 EP 1889 DI 10.1063/1.1338517 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 396NX UT WOS:000166644400055 ER PT J AU Nimick, TG AF Nimick, TG TI The Treatises on Military Affairs of the Ming Dynastic History (1368-1644): An annotated translation of the treatises on military affairs chapter 89 and chapter 90, supplemented by the treatises on military affairs of the Draft of the Ming Dynastic History, a documentary of Ming-Qing historiography and the decline and fall of the Ming empire SO JOURNAL OF ASIAN STUDIES LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Nimick, TG (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN ASIAN STUDIES INC PI ANN ARBOR PA UNIV MICH 1 LANE HALL, ANN ARBOR, MI 48109 USA SN 0021-9118 J9 J ASIAN STUD JI J. Asian Stud. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 60 IS 1 BP 173 EP 175 DI 10.2307/2659521 PG 3 WC Area Studies; Asian Studies SC Area Studies; Asian Studies GA 426JX UT WOS:000168347000020 ER PT J AU Martinez-Lacaci, I De Santis, M Kannan, S Bianco, C Kim, N Wallace-Jones, B Wechselberger, C Ebert, AD Salomon, DS AF Martinez-Lacaci, I De Santis, M Kannan, S Bianco, C Kim, N Wallace-Jones, B Wechselberger, C Ebert, AD Salomon, DS TI Regulation of heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor expression in Ha-ras transformed human mammary epithelial cells SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DIPHTHERIA-TOXIN RECEPTOR; HUMAN-BREAST-CANCER; ACTIVATED PROTEIN-KINASE; HUMAN PANCREATIC-CANCER; TYROSINE KINASE; PHORBOL ESTER; MESSENGER-RNA; FACTOR-ALPHA; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; HUMAN KERATINOCYTES AB Heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor (HB-EGF) mRNA and protein expression is induced by EGF in MCF-10A nontransformed and Ha-ras transfected human mammary epithelial cells. The anti-EGF receptor (EGFR) blocking monoclonal antibody (MAb) 225 and the EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor PD153035 were able to inhibit the induction of HB-EGF mRNA levels in MCF-10A cells. However, the Ha-ras transformed MCF-10A cells were more refractory to inhibition by these agents and only a combination of the 225 MAb and PD153035 was able to significantly abrogate HB-EGF induction by EGF. The anti-erbB2 MAb L26 which interferes with heterodimer formation was able to block HB-EGF induction in response to EGF in MCF-10A cells and in the Ha-ras transformed cells only when used in combination with either the 225 MAb or PD153035. The MEK inhibitor PD90859 completely blocked EGF induction of HB-EGF mRNA levels in the nontransformed and Ha-ras transformed MCF-10A cells, which indicates that MAPK is involved in the signaling pathway of HB-EGF induction by EGF. An increase in the levels of HB-EGF may, therefore, be an important contributor to oncogenic transformation that is caused by Ha-ras overexpression in mammary epithelial cells. J. Cell. Physiol. 186:233-242, 2001. Published 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc.dagger C1 NCI, Tumor Growth Factor Sect, Lab Tumor Immunol & Biol, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Mol Pathol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. McMaster Univ, Hamilton, ON, Canada. Free Univ Berlin, Benjamin Franklin Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, D-1000 Berlin, Germany. RP Salomon, DS (reprint author), NCI, Tumor Growth Factor Sect, Lab Tumor Immunol & Biol, NIH, Bldg 10,Rm 5B39, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NR 62 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0021-9541 J9 J CELL PHYSIOL JI J. Cell. Physiol. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 186 IS 2 BP 233 EP 242 DI 10.1002/1097-4652(200002)186:2<233::AID-JCP1017>3.0.CO;2-L PG 10 WC Cell Biology; Physiology SC Cell Biology; Physiology GA 388AD UT WOS:000166154500008 PM 11169460 ER PT J AU Fountain, AW AF Fountain, AW TI Exploring digital signals and noise in instrumental analysis: SignalsNoise.mcd SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL EDUCATION LA English DT Article C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Chem, W Point, NY 10996 USA. US Mil Acad, Photon Res Ctr, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Fountain, AW (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Chem, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-9584 J9 J CHEM EDUC JI J. Chem. Educ. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 78 IS 2 BP 271 EP 271 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Education, Scientific Disciplines SC Chemistry; Education & Educational Research GA 391KH UT WOS:000166354800039 ER PT J AU Zheleva, TS Nam, OH Ashmawi, WM Griffin, JD Davis, RF AF Zheleva, TS Nam, OH Ashmawi, WM Griffin, JD Davis, RF TI Lateral epitaxy and dislocation density reduction in selectively grown GaN structures SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article DE epitaxy; selective growth; lateral epitaxial overgrowth; gallium nitride; pendeo-epitaxy; defects; transmission electron microscopy ID VAPOR-PHASE EPITAXY; PENDEO-EPITAXY; OVERGROWTH; FILMS; NITRIDE; LAYERS AB The results of a comparative study of the defect microstructures at different regions in epitaxial, monocrystalline GaN structures grown selectively within windows in and laterally over SiO2 masks deposited on GaN/AlN/6H-SiC heterostructures are presented. The defects in the GaN grown within the SiO2 windows were predominantly threading dislocations of mostly mixed character with Burgers vector b = 1/3(1 1 (2) over bar 3) and edge dislocations with b = 1/3(1 1 (2) over bar 0) with a density range of 10(9)-10(10)cm(-2) as determined using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The regions of lateral epitaxial overgrowth (LEO-GaN) contained short dislocation segments parallel to the interfacial planes, which were usually aligned parallel or nearly parallel to the (1 (1) over bar 0 0) or (1 1 (2) over bar 0) directions and with densities of less than or equal to 10(6) cm(-2) Specific morphologies exhibited by the LEO-GaN were determined to be associated with the mechanism of stress relaxation. Finite element analysis of these complex heterostructures showed that the accommodation of the mismatches in the coefficients of thermal expansion among the different phases in the heterostructures was manifest in the formation of the curved surfaces observed in cross-sectional TEM. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, SE,EM, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Engn Mech, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Zheleva, TS (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, SE,EM, 2800 Power Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RI Davis, Robert/A-9376-2011 OI Davis, Robert/0000-0002-4437-0885 NR 34 TC 52 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 32 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD FEB PY 2001 VL 222 IS 4 BP 706 EP 718 DI 10.1016/S0022-0248(00)00832-0 PG 13 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA 400PY UT WOS:000166881800004 ER PT J AU Gray, AL Stintz, A Malloy, KJ Newell, TC Lester, LF AF Gray, AL Stintz, A Malloy, KJ Newell, TC Lester, LF TI Morphology and relaxation in InyGa1-yAs/GaAs multi-layer structures SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article DE multi-layered structure; QWIP; reciprocal space map; strain relief; surface morphology ID QUANTUM-WELL HETEROSTRUCTURES; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; CRITICAL THICKNESS; MISFIT DISLOCATIONS; HETEROEPITAXIAL STRUCTURES; SEMICONDUCTOR LAYERS; STRAINED INXGA1-XAS; GROWTH; TOPOGRAPHY; GAAS(001) AB Metastable InGaAs/GaAs multi-layer structures (MLS) on GaAs substrates with a constant interfacial strain and number of periods varying from 14 to 75 are studied by high-resolution X-ray reciprocal-space maps (HRXRSM), transmission electron microscopy, and differential contrast microscopy. These characterization techniques are used to monitor both the magnitude of relaxation and the change in crystalline state from a coherent "pseudomorphic" growth to a dislocated condition as the number of periods increases. For 14-periods, the diffuse intensity emanating from the entire MLS region arises from periodic, coherent crystallites. For 17- and 30-period, the displacement fields around the active region transition to coherent random crystallites (mosaic blocks). At 50-periods, displacement fields of overlapping dislocations from relaxation of the random crystallites cause the initial stages of relaxation of the active region. At 75-periods, relaxation of the strained region becomes bi-modal characterized by overlapping dislocations caused by mosaic block relaxation and periodically spaced misfit dislocations formed by 60 degrees -type dislocations. The relaxation of the MLS has an exponential dependence on the diffuse scatter length-scale which is shown to be a sensitive measure of the onset of relaxation. (C) 2001 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Univ New Mexico, Ctr High Technol Mat, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. RP Gray, AL (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RI Malloy, Kevin/E-5994-2010 NR 37 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD FEB PY 2001 VL 222 IS 4 BP 726 EP 734 DI 10.1016/S0022-0248(00)00955-6 PG 9 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA 400PY UT WOS:000166881800006 ER PT J AU Deb, KK Tamagawa, T Di, Y Gui, G Halpern, BL Schmitt, JJ AF Deb, KK Tamagawa, T Di, Y Gui, G Halpern, BL Schmitt, JJ TI Pyroelectric characteristics of thin PbTiO3 and La-modified PbTiO3 films on platinum films for infrared sensors SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE PbTiO3; La-modified; pyroelectric properties; infrared sensors AB In this work, we grew lead titanate (PbTiO3) and La-modified PbTiO3 thin films on platinized silicon (Si(100)) substrates under controlled substrate temperature and ambient by a modified jet-vapor deposition (JVD) process described in this paper. The x-ray diffraction patterns obtained from these films showed a single-phase perovskite structure. We examined locally homogeneity and thickness of these films through the comparative use of laser Raman spectroscopy. We also collected Raman and x-ray data on pure PbTiO3, as well as prepared lead zirconate titanate (PZT) (54/46), and PZT (50/50) films using the JVD process. This paper discusses the temperature variations of the pyroelectric and dielectric properties of three compositions of La-modified PbTiO3 films containing 5.2% to 15% of La, respectively, with a view toward studying the effect of La in place of Pb on these electrical properties. We detected significant pyroelectric currents on all three La-modified PbTiO3 films before performing poling treatments, and observed pyroelectric coefficients as high as 84 nC/cm(2.)degreesC in the poled La-doped PbTiO3 films containing 5.2% La. The pyroelectric coefficient and dielectric constant varied significantly with La content. We compared the calculated figures of merit, which were based on the measured physical properties, with pure PbTiO3 as well as PZT and lead lanthanide zirconate titanate (PLZT) films. These properties just described illustrate that these films would be suitable for IR detectors. C1 USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Jet Proc Corp, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. RP Deb, KK (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 12 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 8 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 30 IS 2 BP 89 EP 93 DI 10.1007/s11664-001-0105-0 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 398VC UT WOS:000166776300006 ER PT J AU Liewehr, FR AF Liewehr, FR TI An inexpensive device for transillumination SO JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS LA English DT Article AB Patients with cracked-tooth syndrome often present with a chief complaint of vague pains while eating that they cannot localize, making the diagnosis difficult. Frequently practitioners are unable to discover the cause of their symptoms, so treatment is delayed, which can result in apical propagation of the crack, leading to unrestorable vertical root fracture. Transillumination is a valuable aid to diagnosis, but suitable diagnostic lights are difficult to obtain, most being cumbersome and expensive. A portable inspection/bore light that serves as an ideal device for transillumination is available for approximately $10. C1 USA, DENTAC, Endodont Residency Program, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. RP Liewehr, FR (reprint author), USA, DENTAC, Endodont Residency Program, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. NR 9 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0099-2399 J9 J ENDODONT JI J. Endod. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 27 IS 2 BP 130 EP 131 DI 10.1097/00004770-200102000-00019 PG 2 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 398GP UT WOS:000166748800015 PM 11491638 ER PT J AU Crum, DA AF Crum, DA TI Search algorithm for minimum reliability index of earth slopes - Discussion SO JOURNAL OF GEOTECHNICAL AND GEOENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA, Corps Engineers, St Paul Dist, St Paul, MN 55101 USA. RP Crum, DA (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, St Paul Dist, St Paul, MN 55101 USA. NR 2 TC 7 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 USA SN 1090-0241 J9 J GEOTECH GEOENVIRON JI J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 127 IS 2 BP 194 EP 195 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2001)127:2(194.2) PG 2 WC Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA 396RQ UT WOS:000166650700011 ER PT J AU Lance, RF Hardcastle, BT Talley, A Leberg, PL AF Lance, RF Hardcastle, BT Talley, A Leberg, PL TI Day-roost selection by rafinesque's big-eared bats (Corynorhinus rafinesquii) in Louisiana forests SO JOURNAL OF MAMMALOGY LA English DT Article DE bridges; Corynorhinus rafinesquii; day roost; roost selection; tree hollows ID BROWN BAT AB Availability of bridge roosts is a poorly understood but possibly important component underlying abundance and distribution of the potentially threatened bat Corynorhinus rafinesquii. We analyzed structural characteristics and surrounding habitat of 81 bridges in west-central Louisiana forests to determine which attributes of bridges influenced the selection of roosts by C. rafinesquii. Type of support structure under bridges, material with which bridges were built, proportion of surrounding habitat composed of mature deciduous forest, and road surface of bridges were significantly associated with selection of roost sites. On average, bats tagged with radiotransmitters roosted under bridges 50% of the time and in black gum trees (Nyssa sylvatica) 50% of the time. Preservation of bridges with beam supports and conservation of mature deciduous forest are likely to be important for maintaining populations of C. rafinesquii. C1 Univ Louisiana, Dept Biol, Lafayette, LA 70504 USA. RP Lance, RF (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, Analyt Serv Inc,Environm Lab, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 19 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MAMMALOGISTS PI PROVO PA BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIV, DEPT OF ZOOLOGY, PROVO, UT 84602 USA SN 0022-2372 J9 J MAMMAL JI J. Mammal. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 82 IS 1 BP 166 EP 172 DI 10.1644/1545-1542(2001)082<0166:DRSBRS>2.0.CO;2 PG 7 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 408CP UT WOS:000167309200015 ER PT J AU Girrbach, RT Flynn, TW Browder, DA Guffie, KL Moore, JH Masullo, LN Bare, AC Bradley, Y AF Girrbach, RT Flynn, TW Browder, DA Guffie, KL Moore, JH Masullo, LN Bare, AC Bradley, Y TI Flexural wave propagation velocity and bone mineral density in females with and without tibial bone stress injuries SO JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC & SPORTS PHYSICAL THERAPY LA English DT Article DE bone stiffness; overuse injuries; risk factors; stress fractures ID RISK-FACTORS; FRACTURES; WOMEN AB Study Design: Case-control nonexperimental design. Objectives: To compare flexural wave propagation velocity (FWPV) and tibial bone mineral density (BMD) in women with and without tibial bone stress injuries (BSIs). Background: Physical therapists, particularly in military and sports medicine settings, routinely diagnose and manage stress fractures or bone stress injuries. improved methods at preparticipation quantification of tibial strength may provide markers of BSI risk and thus potentially reduce morbidity. Methods and Measures: Bone mineral density, FWPV, bone geometry, and historical variables were collected from 14 subjects diagnosed with tibial BSIs and 14 age-matched controls; all 28 were undergoing military training. Results: No difference was found between groups in FWPV and tibial BMD when analyzed with t tests (post hoc power = 0.89 and 0.81, respectively). Furthermore no difference was found in tibial length, tibial width, femoral neck BMD, and lumbar spine BMD among the groups. There were no differences between the 2 groups in smoking history, birth control pill use, and onset of menarche. Finally sensitivity and positive likelihood ratios for FWPV (0.14 and 0.63), tibial BMD (0.0 and 0.0), and lumbar BMD (0.18 and 2.0) were low, while specificity was high (0.77, 0.93, and 0.91, respectively). Conclusion: Current bone analysis devices and methods may not be sensitive enough to detect differences in tibial material and structure; local stresses on bone may be more important in the development of BSIs than the overall structural stiffness. C1 Elmendorf Air Force Base Hosp, Med Grp 3, Elmendorf, AK USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, USA Baylor Univ Grad Program Phys Therapy, Houston, TX 77058 USA. Dept Phys Therapy, Ft Bragg, NC USA. Univ Texas, Sch Med, Houston, TX USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Phys Therapy, Houston, TX USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Houston, TX USA. RP Girrbach, RT (reprint author), 1113 W Fireweed Lane 402, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA. NR 37 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU J O S P T, ALLIANCE GROUP COMMUNICATIONS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0190-6011 J9 J ORTHOP SPORT PHYS JI J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 31 IS 2 BP 54 EP 62 PG 9 WC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA 400GM UT WOS:000166863900002 PM 11232740 ER PT J AU Raimondi, F Kaper, JB Boedeker, EC Wolf, MK Guandalini, S Fasano, A AF Raimondi, F Kaper, JB Boedeker, EC Wolf, MK Guandalini, S Fasano, A TI Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli strain RDEC-1 produces a novel electrogenic factor active on rabbit ileum in vitro SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC GASTROENTEROLOGY AND NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE diarrhea; enterotoxin; EPEC; RDEC-1 ID TETRACYCLINE RESISTANCE; ION TRANSPORT; ILEAL MUCOSA; ENTEROTOXIN; SELECTION AB Background: Attaching and effacing Escherichia coli demonstrate marked species specificity in inducing diarrhea, although its mechanism remains largely unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the existence of a soluble, species-specific factor that induces diarrhea in an in vitro model. Methods: Stripped rabbit ileum was mounted in Ussing chambers,: and changes in potential difference and short-circuit current were monitored after the addition of bacterial culture supernatant. Results: The culture supernatant from rabbit-specific strain RDEC-1, but not from human-specific enteropathogenic Escherichia coli strain E2348/69, induced an increase in potential difference and short-circuit current in rabbit ileum mounted in Ussing chambers. This electrical signal was related to chloride ion secretion, was absent in colonic tissue, and was retained in the 30 to 100-KDa fraction of the supernatant. Preliminary experiments failed to show an involvement of calcium or cyclic nucleotides as intracellular messengers. RDEC-1 cured of a 42-MDa plasmid lost the enterotoxicity whereas conjugation of the plasmid into the negative E. coli recipient HB101 resulted in the expression of toxicity. Conclusions: The authors describe a novel, species-specific factor that helps to explain RDEC-1 diarrhea, which may be relevant to the pathogenesis of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli infection. C1 Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Pediat, Naples, Italy. Univ Maryland, Div Pediat Gastroenterol & Nutr, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Univ Maryland, Ctr Vaccine Dev, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Univ Maryland, Div Gastroenterol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Pediat, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Fasano, A (reprint author), Univ Maryland Hosp, Div Pediat Gastroenterol & Nutr, 22 S Greene St, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RI Guandalini, Stefano/G-8084-2011; OI Kaper, James/0000-0003-0715-2907 NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0277-2116 J9 J PEDIATR GASTR NUTR JI J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 32 IS 2 BP 122 EP 126 DI 10.1097/00005176-200102000-00005 PG 5 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pediatrics SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pediatrics GA 418EZ UT WOS:000167879100004 PM 11321378 ER PT J AU Jiang, RZ Chu, DR AF Jiang, RZ Chu, DR TI Stack design and performance of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE fuel cell; PEMFC; fuel cell stack; stack design; fuel cell structures ID PEMFC AB Three types of stack structure designs of polymer electrolyte membrane electrolyte fuel cells (PEMFCs) were reviewed and evaluated under various humidities and temperatures, including bipolar, pseudo bipolar and monopolar (strip) stacks. The bipolar stack design is suitable for delivering moderate to high power, but if a single cell, fails it may lead to a loss of power for the whole stack Water, heat, fuel and air management is required in bipolar plate design. For the pseudo-bipolar cell stack design it is easy to achieve high power by simple addition of more bi-cell units, but each bi-cell has to be filled with fuel and air separately. In the monopolar cell stack design a common gas flow field is shared by a whole strip, when a single cell fails the stack performance will not be affected seriously. Monopolar cell stack design is suitable for applications in low power and high voltage devices because of its high internal resistance. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Chu, DR (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 14 TC 52 Z9 58 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD FEB 1 PY 2001 VL 93 IS 1-2 BP 25 EP 31 DI 10.1016/S0378-7753(00)00539-5 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 399WH UT WOS:000166836900005 ER PT J AU Underwood, JH Glennon, MJ AF Underwood, JH Glennon, MJ TI Stress and fatigue life modeling of cannon breech closures including effects of material strength and residual stress SO JOURNAL OF PRESSURE VESSEL TECHNOLOGY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article AB Laboratory fatigue life results are summarized from several test series of high-strength steel cannon breech closure assemblies pressurized by rapid application of hydraulic oil. The tests were performed to determine safe fatigue lives of high-pressure components at the breech end of the cannon and breech assembly, Careful reanalysis of the fatigue life tests provides data for stress and fatigue life models far breech components, over the following ranges of key parameters: 380-745 MPa cyclic internal pressure; 100-160 mm bore diameter cannon pressure vessels; 1040-1170 MPa yield strength A723 steel; no residual stress, shot peen residual stress, overload residual stress. Modeling of applied and residual stresses at the location of the fatigue failure site is performed by elastic-plastic finite element analysis using ABAQUS and by solid mechanics analysis, Shot peen and overload residual stresses are modeled by superposing typical or calculated residual stress distributions on the applied stresses. Overload residual stresses are obtained directly from the finite element model of the breech, with the breech overload applied to the model in the same way as with actual components, Modeling of the fatigue life of the components is based on the fatigue intensity factor concept of Underwood and Parker, a fracture mechanics description of life that accounts for residual stresses, material yield strength and initial defect size. The fatigue life model describes six test conditions in a stress versus life plot with an R-2 correlation of 0.94, and shows significantly lower correlation when known variations iii yield strength, stress concentration factor, or residual stress are not included iii the model input, thus demonstrating the model sensitivity to these variables. C1 USA, Armanent Res, Ctr Dev & Engn, Benet Labs,Technol Div, Watervliet, NY 12189 USA. RP Underwood, JH (reprint author), USA, Armanent Res, Ctr Dev & Engn, Benet Labs,Technol Div, Watervliet, NY 12189 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0094-9930 J9 J PRESS VESS-T ASME JI J. Press. Vessel Technol.-Trans. ASME PD FEB PY 2001 VL 123 IS 1 BP 148 EP 152 PG 5 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 412QX UT WOS:000167566800023 ER PT J AU Massie, DD Kreider, JF AF Massie, DD Kreider, JF TI Comparison of and discrepancies between TMY and TMY2S predictions for simple photovoltaic and wind energy simulations SO JOURNAL OF SOLAR ENERGY ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article AB A new typical meteorological year (TMY2s) data set has been derived from the 1961-1990 National Solar Radiation Data Base (NSRDB). This paper compares PV and wind energy system simulation results using new TMY2s data with results using the original TMY data set. PV and aerogenerator simulations are compared in seven different climatic regions of the United Stares. Results indicate that PV simulations using TMY2s darn provide higher energy values for cloudy regions where the clearness index is low and lower energy values for sunnier climates. TMY2s wind simulations produce lower energy predictions in nearly all cases rested. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Civil & Mech Engn, W Point, NY 10996 USA. Univ Colorado, Joint Ctr Energy Management, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Massie, DD (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Civil & Mech Engn, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 8 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0199-6231 J9 J SOL ENERG-T ASME JI J. Sol. Energy Eng. Trans.-ASME PD FEB PY 2001 VL 123 IS 1 BP 6 EP 9 DI 10.1115/1.1345843 PG 4 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 407TR UT WOS:000167287300003 ER PT J AU Reynolds, KL Harman, EA Worsham, RE Sykes, MB Frykman, PN Backus, VL AF Reynolds, KL Harman, EA Worsham, RE Sykes, MB Frykman, PN Backus, VL TI Injuries in women associated with a periodized strength training and running program SO JOURNAL OF STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE women; lifting; load carriage; injury visits AB Forty-five women participated in a 24-week physical training program designed to improve Lifting, load carriage, and running performance. Activities included weightlifting, running, backpacking, lift and carry drills, and sprint running. Physicians documented by passive surveillance all training-related injuries. Thirty-two women successfully completed the training program. Twenty-two women (48.9%) suffered at least 1 injury during training, but only 2 women had to drop out of the study because of injuries. The rate of injury associated with lost training time was 2.8 injuries per 1,000 training hours of exposure. Total clinic visits and days lost from training were 89 and 69, respectively. Most injuries were the overuse type involving the lower back, knees, and feet. Weightlifting accounted for a majority of the lost training days. A combined strength training and running program resulted in significant performance gains in women. Only 2 out of 45 participants left the training program because of injuries. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Performance Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Reynolds, KL (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Performance Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 15 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 3 PU ALLEN PRESS INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 E 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 1064-8011 J9 J STRENGTH COND RES JI J. Strength Cond. Res. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 15 IS 1 BP 136 EP 143 PG 8 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 406QZ UT WOS:000167227800024 PM 11708698 ER PT J AU Willard, RJ Turiansky, GW Genest, GP Davis, BJ Diehl, LF AF Willard, RJ Turiansky, GW Genest, GP Davis, BJ Diehl, LF TI Leukemia cutis in a patient with chronic neutrophilic leukemia SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Chronic neutrophilic leukemia (CNL) is a rare myeloproliferative disorder. Less than 50 cases have been reported. We report the first case of CNL with an associated leukemia cutis. CNL was diagnosed in a 74-year-old white woman in 1998, based on neutrophilic infiltration of the bone marrow and absence of the Philadelphia chromosome. The patient presented to the dermatology service in August 1998 with a 2-week history of a pruritic eruption on the arms, hands, and legs. Physical examination revealed red to violaceous plaques on both thighs and knees, in addition to purpuric patches and plaques on the dorsal hands, arms, and legs. Leukemia cutis was demonstrated on biopsy specimens of several lesional sites. The eruption progressed, despite treatment with topical and systemic corticosteroids. Treatment with systemic chemotherapy did affect partial resolution of the eruption, with parallel decreases in bone pain and white blood cell count, but the disease progressed and the patient ultimately died 5 months after her initial skin findings. Only one other case of CNL with dermatologic manifestations has been reported, CNL associated with a reactional neutrophilic dermatosis. Comparison to and differentiation from this case is discussed. The importance of distinguishing the specific infiltrates of leukemia from the nonspecific infiltrates of reactional dermatoses, such as Sweet's syndrome, is illustrated. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Dermatol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Dermatol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Hematol Oncol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Willard, RJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 11 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 44 IS 2 SU S BP 365 EP 369 DI 10.1067/mjd.2001.103996 PG 5 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 399KX UT WOS:000166811300012 PM 11174417 ER PT J AU Taylor, AJ Watkins, T Bell, D Carrow, J Bindeman, J Feuerstein, IM Wong, H Bhattarai, S O'Malley, PG AF Taylor, AJ Watkins, T Bell, D Carrow, J Bindeman, J Feuerstein, IM Wong, H Bhattarai, S O'Malley, PG TI Physical activity promotes a healthy cardiovascular risk factor profile but is unrelated to the presence or extent of subclinical atherosclerosis SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0735-1097 J9 J AM COLL CARDIOL JI J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 37 IS 2 SU A BP 171A EP 171A PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 401EM UT WOS:000166914400780 ER PT J AU Caravalho, J Van Petten, M O'Donnell, SD Feuerstein, IM O'Malley, PG Gillespie, DL Goff, JM Brazaitis, M Taylor, AJ AF Caravalho, J Van Petten, M O'Donnell, SD Feuerstein, IM O'Malley, PG Gillespie, DL Goff, JM Brazaitis, M Taylor, AJ TI The extent of coronary artery calcification is associated with clinical predicted risk, but does not predict cardiac complications of elective vascular surgery SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0735-1097 J9 J AM COLL CARDIOL JI J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 37 IS 2 SU A BP 226A EP 226A PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 401EM UT WOS:000166914401035 ER PT J AU Kent, SM Markwood, TT Coyle, LC Flaherty, PJ Taylor, AJ AF Kent, SM Markwood, TT Coyle, LC Flaherty, PJ Taylor, AJ TI Do different statins possess different antinflammatory and antithrombogenic properties? SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0735-1097 J9 J AM COLL CARDIOL JI J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 37 IS 2 SU A BP 267A EP 267A PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 401EM UT WOS:000166914401227 ER PT J AU Abt, SR Leech, JR Thornton, CI Lipscomb, CM AF Abt, SR Leech, JR Thornton, CI Lipscomb, CM TI Articulated concrete block stability testing SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE articulated blocks; revetment; testing protocol; concrete blocks AB An articulated concrete block revetment system was developed by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to test and evaluate the practicability of the protocols for overtopping and channelized flow conditions. Test facilities were constructed, prototype articulated concrete blocks were fabricated and installed into the facilities, and the blocks were tested using the established protocols. The test; results indicated that both the overtopping and channel flow tests yielded similar results: the blocks reached a point of instability at approximately the same velocity and shear stresses. The similar test results indicate that only one protocol is required to evaluate an articulated concrete block system. It was demonstrated that both protocols can be effectively conducted. It is recommended that the overtopping test be adapted as a standard test procedure because of its reduced construction costs and its efficiency compared to the channelized test. C1 Colorado State Univ, Engn Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. USAE, Waterways Expt Stn, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Colorado State Univ, Engn Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Abt, SR (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Engn Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER WATER RESOURCES ASSOC PI MIDDLEBURG PA 4 WEST FEDERAL ST, PO BOX 1626, MIDDLEBURG, VA 20118-1626 USA SN 1093-474X J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 37 IS 1 BP 27 EP 34 DI 10.1111/j.1752-1688.2001.tb05472.x PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 413UQ UT WOS:000167630300003 ER PT J AU van der Gracht, J AF van der Gracht, J TI Necessary conditions for spatially incoherent illumination of a three-dimensional object SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA A-OPTICS IMAGE SCIENCE AND VISION LA English DT Article AB Spatially incoherent imaging systems are characterized by a linear-in-intensity relationship between the object and the image distributions. While strict spatial incoherence is theoretically not achievable, a particular imaging system may be made effectively linear in intensity by a choice of the appropriate illumination source location and size. The requirement for source size for effectively incoherent illumination of a two-dimensional object is well known. I extend the arguments for choosing the source size in a two-dimensional imaging system to develop necessary conditions for the source size for effectively spatially incoherent illumination of a three-dimensional object. While the conditions are necessary, they are not sufficient, since coherence in the direction of the optical axis is not addressed. (C) 2001 Optical Society of America. OCIS codes: 070.2580, 110.2990, 110.4980, 180.6900. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL SE EO, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP van der Gracht, J (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL SE EO, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0740-3232 J9 J OPT SOC AM A JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. A-Opt. Image Sci. Vis. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 18 IS 2 BP 332 EP 337 DI 10.1364/JOSAA.18.000332 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA 396JU UT WOS:000166633400011 PM 11205979 ER PT J AU Sils, IV Szlyk-Modrow, PC Tartarini, KA Matthew, CB Francesconi, RP AF Sils, IV Szlyk-Modrow, PC Tartarini, KA Matthew, CB Francesconi, RP TI Effect of nitric oxide synthase inhibition on regional blood flow during hyperthermia SO JOURNAL OF THERMAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE nitric oxide; L-NAME; hyperthermia; rats; blood flow ID ISCHEMIA-REPERFUSION; HEMORRHAGIC-SHOCK; RENAL-FUNCTION; SEPTIC SHOCK; RABBIT; CIRCULATION; RESPONSES; DONORS; VEINS; ROLES AB The loss of compensatory splanchnic vasoconstriction during hyperthermia was assessed in rats after administration of either 0, 10, 30, or 100 mg/kg N-w-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, L-NAME. Rectal temperature (T-re), heart rate (HR), mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), breathing frequency (BF), and renal, mesenteric and caudal blood flows (Q(R), Q(M) and Q(C)) were measured until irreversible cardiovascular collapse occurred. HR, MAP and BF increased as T-re rose to 42 degreesC. then fell as circulatory collapse occurred. As dose increased T-re at collapse decreased, Q(M) decreased until a T-re of 41.5-42 degreesC and then increased. Q(R) and Q(C) were unaffected by either hyperthermia or L-NAME. Inhibition of NO synthase did not prevent the circulatory collapse of heatstroke; the higher doses of L-NAME may have exacerbated the onset of circulatory failure. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Nutr & Biochem Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Sils, IV (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Nutr & Biochem Div, Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 37 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0306-4565 J9 J THERM BIOL JI J. Therm. Biol. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 26 IS 1 BP 1 EP 7 DI 10.1016/S0306-4565(00)00017-6 PG 7 WC Biology; Zoology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Zoology GA 389JJ UT WOS:000166234600001 ER PT J AU Siegel, T Moul, JW Spevak, M Alvord, WG Costabile, RA AF Siegel, T Moul, JW Spevak, M Alvord, WG Costabile, RA TI The development of erectile dysfunction in men treated for prostate cancer SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE impotence; prostatic neoplasms; therapeutics ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY; RADIOTHERAPY; CAPSURE; RADIATION; DATABASE; OUTCOMES AB Purpose: Erectile dysfunction is a common side effect in men treated for prostate cancer. Previously published studies document the incidence of erectile dysfunction in men treated for prostate cancer to be between 20% and 88%. To our knowledge a prospective evaluation focused on the development of erectile dysfunction in men treated for prostate cancer has not elucidated components of its chronology or risk factors. Materials and Methods: A centralized prospective database of 2,956 patients diagnosed with prostate cancer at a single institution was studied in regard to pretreatment and posttreatment erectile dysfunction. Of these 2,956 patients 802 had sufficient information regarding erectile function and comprise our study population. Factors analyzed in regard to treatment and erectile dysfunction include treatment modality, that is radical prostatectomy, external beam radiation therapy and watchful waiting, and ethnicity, patient age, clinical stage and tumor histological grade. Results: No significant difference was noted in the posttreatment erectile function between patients treated with radical prostatectomy or external beam radiation (10% versus 15%). Patients selecting watchful waiting had the lowest risk of erectile dysfunction. Clinical stage and race were significant predictors for the development of erectile dysfunction in the watchful waiting and external beam radiation treatment groups. Conclusions: Erectile dysfunction develops in greater than 80% of patients treated for prostate cancer. External beam radiation has the same risk for erectile dysfunction as radical prostatectomy. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Urol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Contemporary BioStat, Silver Spring, MD USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. RP Moul, JW (reprint author), Ctr Prostate Dis Res, 1530 E Jefferson St, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. NR 25 TC 68 Z9 68 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 165 IS 2 BP 430 EP 435 DI 10.1097/00005392-200102000-00019 PG 6 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 391QP UT WOS:000166366900020 PM 11176390 ER PT J AU Brand, TC Morgan, TO Chatham, JR Kennon, WG Schwartz, BF AF Brand, TC Morgan, TO Chatham, JR Kennon, WG Schwartz, BF TI Adrenal cortical carcinoma presenting as right varicocele SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material DE carcinoma; adrenal cortical; varicocele; scrotum C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Urol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Schwartz, BF (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Urol, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 3 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 165 IS 2 BP 503 EP 503 DI 10.1097/00005392-200102000-00034 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 391QP UT WOS:000166366900037 PM 11176405 ER PT J AU Povoa, MM Wirtz, RA Lacerda, RNL Miles, MA Warhurst, D AF Povoa, MM Wirtz, RA Lacerda, RNL Miles, MA Warhurst, D TI Malaria vectors in the municipality of Serra do Navio, State of Amapa, Amazon region, Brazil SO MEMORIAS DO INSTITUTO OSWALDO CRUZ LA English DT Article DE mosquito; Anopheles; malaria vector; Plasmodium; Brazil ID ANOPHELES; TRANSMISSION; CULICIDAE; RONDONIA; DIPTERA AB We conducted a survey to determine the vectors of malaria in six localities of Serra do Navio municipality, State of Amapa, from 1990 to 1991. Malaria infection rates of 29.3%, 6.2% and 20.4% were detected by human blood smears in Colonia Agua Branca, Porto Terezinha and Arrependino, respectively. there was no malar ia infection detected in Serra do Navio. Fifteen species were identified among 3,053 anopheline mosquitoes collected by human bait and 64.4% were identified as Anopheles albitarsis s.l., 16.7% An. braziliensis, 9.5% An. nuneztovari and 5.8% An. triannulatus. An. darlingi, the main vector of malaria in the Amazon region of Brazil, was scare. Using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), a total positive rate of 0.8% (23/2876) was found for six species:fifteen An. albitarsis s.l., four An. nuneztovari, and one of each: An. braziliensis, An. triannulatus, An. oswaldoi and An. rangeli. Nine of 23 positive mosquitoes were infected with Plasmodium malariae, eight with P. vivax VK210, three with P. vivax VK247 and three with P. falciparum. Since An. albitarsis s.l. was collected feeding on humans, was present in the highest density and was positive by ELISA for malaria sporozoites, it probably plays an important role in malaria transmission in this area. C1 Inst Evandro Chagas Funasa, Secao Parasitol, BR-66090000 Belem, Para, Brazil. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Infect & Trop Dis, Pathogen Mol Biol & Biochem Unit, London WC1, England. RP Povoa, MM (reprint author), Inst Evandro Chagas Funasa, Secao Parasitol, Av Almirante Barroso 492, BR-66090000 Belem, Para, Brazil. NR 28 TC 55 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 2 PU FUNDACO OSWALDO CRUZ PI RIO DE JANEIRO, RJ PA AV BRASIL 4365, 21045-900 RIO DE JANEIRO, RJ, BRAZIL SN 0074-0276 J9 MEM I OSWALDO CRUZ JI Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz PD FEB PY 2001 VL 96 IS 2 BP 179 EP 184 DI 10.1590/S0074-02762001000200008 PG 6 WC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 402PA UT WOS:000166996300008 PM 11285494 ER PT J AU Gerhardt, RT Stewart, T De Lorenzo, RA McGhee, JS Gourley, EJ Schreiber, MA AF Gerhardt, RT Stewart, T De Lorenzo, RA McGhee, JS Gourley, EJ Schreiber, MA TI US Army air ambulance operations in El Paso, Texas: A descriptive study and system review SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID RAPID-SEQUENCE INDUCTION; TRAUMA CARE; INTUBATION AB Objective: Analysis of a high-volume military air ambulance unit and review of the U.S. Army air medical transport system and Military Assistance to Safety and Traffic (MAST) program. Setting: A remote medical system with numerous ground emergency medical services, Inclusion: All patients transported between January 1, 1996, and February 28, 1998, Exclusion: Patients who were dead on the scene or for whom records were unavailable, Methods: Retrospective review of transport and available inpatient records. Results: A total of 517 patients were transported during the study period; 461 patients met the inclusion criteria (89%). Of these, 70% were classified as trauma patients, and 30% had medical or other surgical diagnoses. Prehospital responses accounted for 71.6% of transports, and 28.4% were interhospital transfers, Missions averaged 23.4 minutes per flight, with no major aircraft mishaps. Prehospital utilization review showed appropriate use; 35% of interhospital trauma missions and 11% of interhospital nontrauma missions were staffed inadequately by our criteria. Time intervals, procedures, and program impact are discussed. Conclusion: This and similar units participating in the MAST program provide effective air transport in settings underserved by civilian programs. Quality and wartime readiness could be improved by centralized medical direction, treatment and transfer protocols, and enhanced training of medics. Further investigations of the clinical impact of advanced training and a two-medic aircrew model are warranted. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, San Antonio Uniformed Serv Hlth Educ Consortium, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Gerhardt, RT (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, San Antonio Uniformed Serv Hlth Educ Consortium, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 166 IS 2 BP 102 EP 107 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 403XN UT WOS:000167068600002 ER PT J AU Burkman, KD Moore, GE Peterson, MR AF Burkman, KD Moore, GE Peterson, MR TI Incidence of zoonotic diseases in military working dogs serving in operations desert shield and desert storm SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB The United States deployed 118 military working dogs (MWDs) to the Persian Gulf theater during Operations Desert Shield and Desert Storm. This study is a retrospective descriptive study of medical records of these deployed dogs, with the objective to determine whether there were infectious or parasitic diseases with a zoonotic potential in a sentinel population of MWDs that may be of concern to Persian Gulf veterans. Fifty-one percent of visits to veterinary treatment facilities during deployment were for illness or injury. Potential zoonotic conditions accounted for 21% of the total visits, 41% of the "sick-call" visits, and 63% of presentations for illness to veterinary treatment facilities. This study did not determine whether the diseases treated were transmitted between MWDs and the troops. Although the etiologic agents were not determined in these cases, no evidence was found supporting new or reemerging illnesses in this population of dogs. C1 USA, Epidemiol & Dis Surveillance Div, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med Pacific, Area Support Grp 17,Unit 45013, APO, AP 96338 USA. RP Burkman, KD (reprint author), USA, Epidemiol & Dis Surveillance Div, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med Pacific, Area Support Grp 17,Unit 45013, Camp Zama,Box 3345, APO, AP 96338 USA. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 166 IS 2 BP 108 EP 111 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 403XN UT WOS:000167068600003 PM 11272705 ER PT J AU Kortepeter, MG Krauss, MR AF Kortepeter, MG Krauss, MR TI Tuberculosis infection after humanitarian assistance, Guantanamo Bay, 1995 SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Preventive-Medicine CY 1998 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA SP Amer Coll Prevent Med ID DRUG SUSCEPTIBILITY; HAITIAN MIGRANTS AB Upon redeployment to Fort Lewis, Washington, from Operation Sea Signal in Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, 5% of a military police unit was identified as positive for purified protein derivative (PPD). A case-control study was conducted to document the number of converters and to identify risk factors among the soldiers for PPD conversion while in Cuba. Forty-six of the soldiers (3.7% of the unit) met the criteria for PPD conversion as a result of deployment. Forty-four converters and 84 controls completed surveys. Logistic regression showed that statistically significant independent risk factors for PPD conversion included working around coughing migrants (odds ratio [OR] = 6.73, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.2-20.4) and birthplace outside the United States (OR = 4.89, CI = 1.3-18.5). Contact in the psychiatric hospital (OR = 0.22, CI = 0.05-0.90) and contact with migrants with known tuberculosis (OR = 0.16, CI = 0.05-0.54) appeared to be protective factors, possibly because known tuberculosis patients and hospitalized patients most likely would be on treatment and rendered noninfectious. With the U.S. military's involvement in humanitarian and refugee operations in countries highly endemic for tuberculosis, service members are at increased risk of acquiring tuberculosis infection. Detection of tuberculosis infection and appropriate treatment should become a higher priority within the U.S. military. C1 USA, Operat Med Div, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Kortepeter, MG (reprint author), USA, Operat Med Div, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 20 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 166 IS 2 BP 116 EP 120 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 403XN UT WOS:000167068600005 PM 11272707 ER PT J AU Lee, G Hooker, M Harpstrite, K AF Lee, G Hooker, M Harpstrite, K TI Magnetic resonance imaging in a military setting: A utilization analysis SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CRUCIATE LIGAMENT TEARS; DECISION-MAKING; KNEE; ARTHROSCOPY; ACCURACY AB A prospective study was conducted to evaluate the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) by orthopedic surgeons and residents versus the use of MRI by non-orthopedically trained health care providers in diagnosing knee pathology. Fifty patients initially evaluated by members of one of these groups who underwent subsequent knee MRI evaluation were selected to participate. Two orthopedic examiners individually examined all patients, recording clinical diagnosis and the merit of MRI evaluation in each case. Clinical accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity were compared between groups based on MRI findings. Diagnostic accuracy was similar; however, the orthopedic group displayed greater sensitivity, suggesting better clinical assessment. The study examiners observed both groups using MRI equally inappropriately and found 62% of the imaging studies unjustified. We conclude that knee MRI is used inappropriately in the current military setting. An algorithm is proposed to guide the future use of MRI in the diagnosis and management of knee pathology. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthoped, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Lee, G (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthoped, 1 Jarret White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 166 IS 2 BP 126 EP 131 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 403XN UT WOS:000167068600007 PM 11272709 ER PT J AU Caldwell, JL Gilreath, SR AF Caldwell, JL Gilreath, SR TI Work and sleep hours of US Army aviation personnel working reverse cycle SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID SHIFT-WORK AB A one-page questionnaire was administered to 157 aviation personnel from three Army posts to determine when Army aviation personnel work and sleep while on reverse cycle. This project was undertaken as a first step to developing tailor-made fatigue reduction strategies for shift workers in Army aviation. The results indicated that 97.6% of the surveyed aviation personnel had experience working night shift/reverse cycle at some point in their careers, with 69.4% working the night shift within the past 6 months, Of those who had experience working the night shift, 36.2% reported usually working from early in the afternoon to early in the morning, with 52.2% of personnel returning home by 4:00 a.m.; however, 28.3% arrived home after 8:00 a.m. Almost 62% of the respondents indicated that they did not feel they received adequate daytime sleep some of the time or at all while on reverse cycle/night shift. Research is needed to address the issue of helping aviation personnel sleep during the daylight hours, both for training exercises and for deployment, Once the work/rest schedule for a unit is known, countermeasures such as light therapy or gradual changes in scheduling can be tailored to meet the specific needs of the individual or unit. C1 USA, Aircrew Hlth & Performance Div, Aeromed Res Lab, Ft Rucker, AL 36362 USA. RP Caldwell, JL (reprint author), USA, Aircrew Hlth & Performance Div, Aeromed Res Lab, Ft Rucker, AL 36362 USA. NR 12 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 166 IS 2 BP 159 EP 166 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 403XN UT WOS:000167068600013 PM 11272715 ER PT J AU Drabick, JJ Glasspool-Malone, J Somiari, S King, A Malone, RW AF Drabick, JJ Glasspool-Malone, J Somiari, S King, A Malone, RW TI Cutaneous transfection and immune responses to intradermal nucleic acid vaccination are significantly enhanced by in vivo electropermeabilization SO MOLECULAR THERAPY LA English DT Article DE gene therapy; nucleic acid vaccination; electroporation; electropermeabilization; skin; dendritic cell ID B SURFACE-ANTIGEN; DNA-MEDIATED IMMUNIZATION; GENE-TRANSFER; IN-VIVO; DENDRITIC CELLS; PLASMID DNA; HEPATITIS; DELIVERY; ELECTROPORATION; SKIN AB Naked DNA injection with electropermeabilization (EP) is a promising method for nucleic acid vaccination (NAV) and in vivo gene therapy. Skin is an ideal target for NAV due to ease of administration and the accessibility of large numbers of antigen-presenting cells within the tissue. This study demonstrates that in vivo skin EP may be used to increase transgene expression up to an average of 83-fold relative to naked DNA injection (50 mug DNA per dose, P < 0.005). Transfected cells were principally located in dermis and included adipocytes, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and numerous mononuclear cells with dendritic processes in a porcine model. Transfected cells were also observed in lymph nodes draining electropermeabilized sites. A HBV sAg-coding plasmid was used to test skin EP-mediated NAV in a murine model. Analysis of humoral immune responses including immunoglobulin subclass profiles revealed strong enhancement of EP-mediated NAV relative to naked DNA injection, with a Th1-dominant, mixed-response pattern compared to immunization with HBV sAg protein that was exclusively Th2 (P = 0.02). Applications for these findings include NAV-based modulation of immune responses to pathogens, allergens, and tumor-associated antigens and the modification of tolerance. C1 MIST Inst, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Hematol Oncol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. CytoPulse Sci, Hanover, MD 21045 USA. RP Malone, RW (reprint author), MIST Inst, 308 Carr Ave, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [R01RR12307]; NIAID NIH HHS [K02AI01370] NR 50 TC 111 Z9 115 U1 0 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1525-0016 J9 MOL THER JI Mol. Ther. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 3 IS 2 BP 249 EP 255 DI 10.1006/mthe.2000.0257 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 408TM UT WOS:000167343800015 PM 11237682 ER PT J AU Kvam, P Day, D AF Kvam, P Day, D TI The multivariate Polya distribution in combat modeling SO NAVAL RESEARCH LOGISTICS LA English DT Article DE contagion model; goodness of fit; multinomial distribution AB This paper investigates the multivariate Polya distribution (MPD) for application in combat models for which enemy targets must be randomly assigned to fighting units. Six sets of actual combat data motivate thr allocation model. Scenarios include air-to-air combat, tank:, and submarine warfare. Goodness of fit tests are derived which verify the validity of the MPD, and reinforce the notion that multinomial allocation is too simplistic for such combat models. Simulations to determine optimal allocations for minimal combat cost are applied in order to illustrate the role of the MPD in combat modeling. (C) 2001 John Wiley & Sons. Inc. Naval Research Logistics 48: 1-17, 2001. C1 Georgia Inst Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Kvam, P (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0894-069X J9 NAV RES LOG JI Nav. Res. Logist. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 48 IS 1 BP 1 EP 17 PG 17 WC Operations Research & Management Science SC Operations Research & Management Science GA 393NG UT WOS:000166476100001 ER PT J AU Chin, SL Akozbek, N Proulx, A Petit, S Bowden, CM AF Chin, SL Akozbek, N Proulx, A Petit, S Bowden, CM TI Transverse ring formation of a focused femtosecond laser pulse propagating in air SO OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE nonlinear optics; self-focusing; photoionization; ultrafast processes; nonlinear phenomena; waves, wave propagation and other interactions ID MOVING-FOCUS; FILAMENTATION; GASES; MODEL; N-2; O-2 AB We observe the formation of ring patterns of a focused femtosecond near IR laser pulse propagating in air before the geometrical focal point. These rings are due to the combined effects of self-focusing and defocusing created by the generated plasma via multiphoton/tunnel ionization of air. Qualitative agreement is found with numerical simulations, using input conditions similar to those in the experiment. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Aviat & Missile Command Res, Ctr Dev & Engn, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. Univ Laval, Ctr Opt Photon & Laser, Laval, PQ G1K 7P4, Canada. Univ Laval, Dept Phys, Laval, PQ G1K 7P4, Canada. RP Bowden, CM (reprint author), USA, Aviat & Missile Command Res, Ctr Dev & Engn, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RI Petit, Stephane/A-6578-2017 OI Petit, Stephane/0000-0003-0573-8592 NR 28 TC 48 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0030-4018 J9 OPT COMMUN JI Opt. Commun. PD FEB 1 PY 2001 VL 188 IS 1-4 BP 181 EP 186 DI 10.1016/S0030-4018(00)01129-9 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA 402FW UT WOS:000166976200022 ER PT J AU Maurer, DM Greene, JP Vincent, JM Demers, DM Pedersen, RC Sitenga, NH Burton, BS AF Maurer, DM Greene, JP Vincent, JM Demers, DM Pedersen, RC Sitenga, NH Burton, BS TI Fever, refusal to walk and eosinophilia in a ten-month-old Samoan boy SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID ANGIOSTRONGYLUS-CANTONENSIS; MENINGITIS C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, MCHK PE, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Family Med, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Vincent, JM (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, MCHK PE, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 20 IS 2 BP 230 EP + DI 10.1097/00006454-200102000-00027 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 402UL UT WOS:000167006500026 PM 11224853 ER PT J AU Carpenter, DT Larkin, HR Chang, AS Morris, E O'Neill, JT Curtis, J AF Carpenter, DT Larkin, HR Chang, AS Morris, E O'Neill, JT Curtis, J TI Superoxide dismutase and catalase do not affect the pulmonary hypertensive response to group B streptococcus in the lamb SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID POLYETHYLENE-GLYCOL; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; LUNG INJURY; UNANESTHETIZED SHEEP; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; VASCULAR-RESPONSE; CIRCULATING LIFE; YOUNG PIGLETS; NITRIC-OXIDE; BLOOD-FLOW AB The purpose of this study was to determine whether treatment with conjugated antioxidant enzymes could attenuate or abolish pulmonary hypertension induced by group B streptococcus (GBS). Lambs, 3-7 d old, were anesthetized and ventilated. Intravascular catheters were placed in the left ventricle, descending aorta, right atrium, and pulmonary artery for continuous monitoring of intravascular pressures. Cardiac output was measured with radiolabeled microspheres. Measurements were obtained at baseline and 15 and 60 min into a 60-min GBS infusion, and 60 min after GBS was stopped. Blood gas values were held constant and Pao, was maintained >100 mm HE. The control group received saline vehicle only (n = 6), the GBS group received GBS infusion only (n = 9), the enzymes (ENZ) group received polyethylene glycol-superoxide dismutase (PEG-SOD) and polyethylene glycol-catalase (PEG-CAT) treatment only (n = 6), and the ENZ + GBS group received PEG-SOD and PEGCAT then GBS (n = 9). Plasma samples were obtained to confirm increased superoxide dismutase and catalase activities in the groups receiving enzymes. Compared with baseline, pulmonary vascular resistance increased by 119% and 101% at 15 min and 87% and 81% at 60 min in the GBS and ENZ + GBS groups, respectively. Sixty minutes after the termination of the GBS infusion, PVR returned to baseline in the GBS group but did not in the ENZ + GBS group. Enzyme infusions resulted in at least a ninefold increase in plasma enzyme activities. As opposed to previously published data from endotoxin models, PEG-CAT and PEG-SOD were ineffective in altering the GBS-induced pulmonary hypertensive response in this model. This suggests that acute administration of antioxidant enzymes may not be effective in ameliorating GBS-induced pulmonary hypertension. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Pediat, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Biochem, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. RP Curtis, J (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Pediat, Room C1066,4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 40 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT PEDIATRIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 USA SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 49 IS 2 BP 181 EP 188 DI 10.1203/00006450-200102000-00009 PG 8 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 397GY UT WOS:000166686000009 PM 11158511 ER PT J AU Malinowski, JC AF Malinowski, JC TI Mental rotation and real-world wayfinding SO PERCEPTUAL AND MOTOR SKILLS LA English DT Article ID SPATIAL ABILITIES; SEX-DIFFERENCES; GENDER DIFFERENCES; ROUTE; STRATEGIES; KNOWLEDGE AB Sex differences in mental rotation skills are a robust finding in small scale laboratory-based studies of spatial cognition. There is almost no evidence in the literature, however, relating these skills to performance on spatial tasks in large-scale, real-world activities such as navigating in a neu city or in the woods. This study investigates the connections between mental rotation skills as measured by the Vandenburg-Kuse Mental Rotations test and the performance of college students (n=211) navigating a G-km orienteering course. The results indicate that mental rotation skills are significantly correlated with wayfinding performance on an orienteering task. The findings also replicate ser differences in spatial ability as found in laboratory-scale studies. However. the findings complicate the discussion of mental rotation skills and sex because women often performed as well as men despite having lon er mean test scores. This suggests that mental rotation ability may not be as necessary for some women's wayfinding as it is for men's navigation. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Geog & Environm Engn, MADN, GeNE, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Malinowski, JC (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Geog & Environm Engn, MADN, GeNE, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 22 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 5 U2 9 PU PERCEPTUAL MOTOR SKILLS PI MISSOULA PA PO BOX 9229, MISSOULA, MT 59807 USA SN 0031-5125 J9 PERCEPT MOTOR SKILL JI Percept. Mot. Skills PD FEB PY 2001 VL 92 IS 1 BP 19 EP 30 DI 10.2466/PMS.92.1.19-30 PG 12 WC Psychology, Experimental SC Psychology GA 416DU UT WOS:000167765600004 PM 11322586 ER PT J AU Yeghiayan, SK Luo, SQ Shukitt-Hale, B Lieberman, HR AF Yeghiayan, SK Luo, SQ Shukitt-Hale, B Lieberman, HR TI Tyrosine improves behavioral and neurochemical deficits caused by cold exposure SO PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE acute hypothermia; tyrosine; stress; behavior; microdialysis; catecholamines; rat ID NOREPINEPHRINE RELEASE; ENVIRONMENTAL-STRESS; DIETARY TYROSINE; RATS; CORTICOSTERONE AB The effects of acute cold stress were assessed behaviorally and neurochemically. The norepinephrine (NE) precursor, tyrosine (TYR), the catecholamine-releasing compound, amphetamine (AMPH), and the adrenoceptor agonist, phenylpropanolamine (PPA), were administered systemically either alone or in con junction with TYR 30 min prior to cold exposure. All three sympathomimetic treatments dose-dependently improved performance in a forced swim test following hypothermia (T-c = 30 degreesC). AMPH/TYR or PPA/TYR combinations further improved performance vs, either agent given alone. Microdialysis showed elevated hippocampal NE concentrations in response to hypothermia. TYR further elevated NE concentration in cold/restrained rats vs. saline (SAL)-treated controls. These results suggest that sympathomimetic agents, including the nutrient TYR, which enhance noradrenergic function, improve performance in animals acutely stressed by hypothermia. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Nutr & Biochem Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Yeghiayan, SK (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Nutr & Biochem Div, Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 22 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 2 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0031-9384 J9 PHYSIOL BEHAV JI Physiol. Behav. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 72 IS 3 BP 311 EP 316 DI 10.1016/S0031-9384(00)00398-X PG 6 WC Psychology, Biological; Behavioral Sciences SC Psychology; Behavioral Sciences GA 413RT UT WOS:000167626300004 PM 11274672 ER PT J AU Parnell, GS Frimpon, M Barnes, J Kloeber, JM Deckro, RF Jackson, JA AF Parnell, GS Frimpon, M Barnes, J Kloeber, JM Deckro, RF Jackson, JA TI Safety risk analysis of an innovative environmental technology SO RISK ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE risk analysis; decision analysis; CERCLA; superfund; environmental remediation; nuclear waste; innovative technologies AB The authors describe a decision and risk analysis performed for the cleanup of a large Department of Energy mixed-waste subsurface disposal area governed by the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation. and Liability Act (CERCLA). In a previous study, the authors worked with the site decision makers, state regulators, and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency regional regulators to develop a CERCLA-based multiobjective decision analysis value model and used the model to perform a screening analysis of 28 remedial alternatives. The analysis results identified an innovative technology, in situ vitrification, with high effectiveness versus cost. Since this technology had not been used on this scale before, the major uncertainties were contaminant migration and pressure buildup. Pressure buildup was a safety concern due to the potential risks to worker safety. With the help of environmental technology experts remedial alternative changes were identified to mitigate the concerns about contaminant migration and pressure buildup. The analysis results showed that the probability of an event with a risk to worker safety had been significantly reduced. Based on these results, site decision makers have refocused their test program to examine in situ vitrification and have continued the use of the CERCLA-based decision analysis methodology to analyze remedial alternatives. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Syst Engn, W Point, NY 10996 USA. Toffler Associates, Manchester, MA USA. Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Math Sci, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. USAF, Inst Technol, Ctr Modeling Simulat & Anal, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Parnell, GS (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Syst Engn, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 14 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 4 U2 5 PU BLACKWELL PUBL LTD PI OXFORD PA 108 COWLEY RD, OXFORD OX4 1JF, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0272-4332 J9 RISK ANAL JI Risk Anal. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 21 IS 1 BP 143 EP 155 DI 10.1111/0272-4332.211097 PG 13 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA 424BY UT WOS:000168213300013 PM 11332543 ER PT J AU Flowers, RB AF Flowers, RB TI US Army Corps of Engineers: Calming the waves for force protection SO SEA TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Flowers, RB (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU COMPASS PUBL INC PI ARLINGTON PA SUITE 1000 1117 N 19 ST, ARLINGTON, VA 22209 USA SN 0093-3651 J9 SEA TECHNOL JI Sea Technol. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 42 IS 2 BP 71 EP 72 PG 2 WC Engineering, Ocean SC Engineering GA 408DL UT WOS:000167311200009 ER PT J AU Cesnik, CES Shin, SJ Wilbur, ML AF Cesnik, CES Shin, SJ Wilbur, ML TI Dynamic response of active twist rotor blades SO SMART MATERIALS & STRUCTURES LA English DT Article ID BEAMS; ACTUATION AB Dynamic characteristics of active twist rotor (ATR) blades are investigated analytically and experimentally in this paper. The ATR system is intended for vibration and potentially for noise reductions in helicopters through individual blade control. An aeroelastic model is developed to identify frequency response characteristics of the ATR blade with integral, generally anisotropic, strain actuators embedded in its composite construction. An ATR prototype blade was designed and manufactured to experimentally study the vibration reduction capabilities of such systems. Several bench and hover tests were conducted and those results are presented and discussed here. Selected results on sensitivity of the ATR system to collective setting (i.e. blade loading), blade rpm (i.e. centrifugal force and blade station velocity), and media density (i.e, altitude) are presented. They indicated that the twist actuation authority of the ATR blade is independent of the collective setting up to approximately 10P, and dependent on rotational speed and altitude near the torsional resonance frequency due to its dependency on the aerodynamic damping. The proposed model captures very well the physics and sensitivities to selected test parameters of the ATR system. The numerical result of the blade torsional loads show an average error of 20% in magnitude and virtually no difference in phase for the blade frequency response. Overall, the active blade model is in very good agreement with the experiments and can be used to analyze and design future active helicopter blade systems. C1 MIT, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. NASA, Langley Res Ctr, USA, Res Labs,Vehicle Technol Directorate, Hampton, VA USA. NR 40 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 9 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0964-1726 J9 SMART MATER STRUCT JI Smart Mater. Struct. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 10 IS 1 BP 62 EP 76 DI 10.1088/0964-1726/10/1/306 PG 15 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Materials Science GA 408YV UT WOS:000167355500007 ER PT J AU Jackson, JL Chamberlin, J Kroenke, K AF Jackson, JL Chamberlin, J Kroenke, K TI Predictors of patient satisfaction SO SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE patient-doctor relationship; satisfaction; USA ID SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGICAL DETERMINANTS; HEALTH-CARE; MEDICAL-CARE; MENTAL-DISORDERS; GENERAL-PRACTICE; PHYSICIAN RELATIONSHIP; CONSUMER SATISFACTION; PATIENTS EXPECTATIONS; COMMUNICATION-SKILLS; CLINICAL PREDICTORS AB Correlates of patient satisfaction at varying points in time were assessed using a survey with 2-week and 3-month follow-up in a general medicine walk-in clinic, in USA. Five hundred adults presenting with a physical symptom, seen by one of 38 participating clinicians were surveyed and the following measurements were taken into account: patient symptom characteristics, symptom-related expectations, functional status (Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form Health Survey [SF-6]), mental disorders (PRIME-MD), symptom resolution, unmet expectations, satisfaction (RAND 9-item survey), visit costs and health utilization. Physician perception of difficulty (Difficult Doctor-Patient Relationship Questionnaire), and Physician Belief Scale. Immediately after the visit, 260 (52%) patients were fully satisfied with their care, increasing to 59% at 2 weeks and 63% by 3 months. Patients older than 65 and those with better Functional status were more likely to be satisfied. At all time points. the presence of unmet expectations markedly decreased satisfaction: immediately post-visit (OR: 0.14, 95% CI: 0.07-0.30), 2-week (OR: 0.07, 95% CI: 0.04-0.13) and 3-month (OR: 0.05, 95% Ct: 0.03-0.09). Other independent variables predicting immediate after visit satisfaction included receiving an explanation of the likely cause as well as expected duration of the presenting symptom. At 2 weeks and 3 months, experiencing symptomatic improvement increased satisfaction while additional visits (actual or anticipated) for the same symptom decreased satisfaction. A lack of unmet expectations was a powerful predictor of satisfaction at all time-points. Immediately post-visit, other predictors of satisfaction reflected aspects of patient-doctor communication (receiving an explanation of the symptom cause, likely duration, lack of unmet expectations), while 2-week and 3-month satisfaction reflected aspects of symptom outcome (symptom resolution, need for repeat visits, functional status). Patient satisfaction surveys need to carefully consider the sampling time frame as well as adjust for pertinent patient characteristics. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Univ Indianapolis, Sch Med, Regenstrief Inst Hlth Care, Dept Med, Indianapolis, IN 46227 USA. RP Jackson, JL (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 70 TC 314 Z9 323 U1 10 U2 53 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0277-9536 J9 SOC SCI MED JI Soc. Sci. Med. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 52 IS 4 BP 609 EP 620 DI 10.1016/S0277-9536(00)00164-7 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 395XN UT WOS:000166606700010 PM 11206657 ER PT J AU Johnson-Sheehan, R Baehr, C AF Johnson-Sheehan, R Baehr, C TI Visual-spatial thinking in hypertexts SO TECHNICAL COMMUNICATION LA English DT Article AB Explores what it means to think visually and spatially in hypertexts and how users react end maneuver in real and virtual three-dimensional spaces Offers four principles of visual thinking that can be applied when developing hypertexts. C1 Univ New Mexico, Profess Writing Program, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Johnson-Sheehan, R (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Profess Writing Program, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. NR 17 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC TECHNICAL COMMUNICATION PI ARLINGTON PA 901 NORTH STUART ST, STE 904, ARLINGTON, VA 22203 USA SN 0049-3155 J9 TECH COMMUN JI Tech. Commun. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 48 IS 1 BP 22 EP 30 PG 9 WC Communication SC Communication GA 400WQ UT WOS:000166895000005 ER PT J AU Adler, M Keller, JE Sheridan, RE Deshpande, SS AF Adler, M Keller, JE Sheridan, RE Deshpande, SS TI Persistence of botulinum neurotoxin A demonstrated by sequential administration of serotypes A and E in rat EDL muscle SO TOXICON LA English DT Article DE botulinum neurotoxin; persistence; rat; muscle tension; cortical neurons ID MEMBRANE-FUSION COMPLEX; CLOSTRIDIAL NEUROTOXINS; CHROMAFFIN CELLS; VESICLE DOCKING; TYROSINE PHOSPHORYLATION; NEUROMUSCULAR-JUNCTION; LOCAL INJECTION; SNAP-25; EXOCYTOSIS; TETANUS AB Botulinum neurotoxin serotypes A (BoNT/A) and E (BoNT/E) inhibit neurotransmitter release from peripheral cholinergic nerve terminals by cleaving different sites on SNAP-25, a protein involved in synaptic vesicle docking and exocytosis. Since recovery from BoNT/A is protracted, but reversal of BoNT/E intoxication is relatively rapid, it was of interest to determine whether sequential exposure to BoNT/A and BoNT/E could provide insight into the factors responsible for persistence of BoNT action. Extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles from rats were injected locally with 5 mouse LD50 units of BoNT/A or 20 mouse LD50 units of BoNT/E; these doses were selected to produce total paralysis of EDL muscles within 48 hr. Additional groups of rats were injected sequentially with either BoNT/A followed 48 h later by BoNT/E or with BoNT/E followed 48 h later by BoNT/A. Muscle tensions were elicited in situ in response to supramaximal stimulation of the peroneal nerve to monitor recovery from BoNT intoxication. Tensions returned to 53% and 94% of control, respectively, 7 and 15 days after injection of BoNT/E. In contrast, tensions in muscles injected with BoNT/A returned to only 2% and 12% of control at these time points. Preparations injected sequentially with BoNT/A followed by BoNT/E or with BoNT/E followed by BoNT/A exhibited slow recovery times resembling those recorded in the presence of BoNT/A alone. Pronounced atrophy of the EDL muscle was observed in rats injected with BoNT/A or in those receiving serotype combinations in either sequence, whereas no loss of muscle mass was observed in animals treated with BoNT/E alone. Data suggesting that BoNT/E can enter BoNT/A-treated preparations was obtained by findings that 3,4-diaminopyridine, which readily reversed muscle paralysis after BoNT/A exposure, lost this ability within 1 h of BoNT/E addition. Evidence that BoNT/E was able to cleave SNAP-25 at its characteristic site during sequential neurotoxin exposure was demonstrated by western blot analysis of cultured primary cortical neurons. Since the sequential exposure studies indicate that recovery from BoNT intoxication is lengthened by exposure to serotype A, but not shortened by exposure to serotype E, the duration of BoNT/A intoxication appears to be determined predominantly by the intracellular stability of catalytically active BoNT/A light chain. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Div Pharmacol, Neurotoxicol Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Adler, M (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Div Pharmacol, Neurotoxicol Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 48 TC 53 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0041-0101 J9 TOXICON JI Toxicon PD FEB-MAR PY 2001 VL 39 IS 2-3 BP 233 EP 243 DI 10.1016/S0041-0101(00)00120-3 PG 11 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 356KE UT WOS:000089441800010 PM 10978741 ER PT J AU Xu, H Elster, E Batty, D Berning, J Burkly, L Kampen, R Swanson, S Tadaki, D Harlan, D Kirk, A AF Xu, H Elster, E Batty, D Berning, J Burkly, L Kampen, R Swanson, S Tadaki, D Harlan, D Kirk, A TI Effects of dose and duration of anti-CD154 antibody therapy in preventing renal allograft rejection in a nonhuman primate model SO TRANSPLANTATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 18th World Congress of the Transplantation-Society CY AUG 27-SEP 01, 2000 CL ROME, ITALY SP Transplant Soc C1 USN, Med Res Ctr, NIDDK, Navy Transplantat & Autoimmun Branch, Bethesda, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Organ Transplant Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Biogen Inc, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA. RP Kirk, A (reprint author), 11-S-219,Bldg 10,Ctr Dr, Bethesda, MD 20891 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI43900-01] NR 3 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0041-1345 J9 TRANSPLANT P JI Transplant. Proc. PD FEB-MAR PY 2001 VL 33 IS 1-2 BP 223 EP 224 DI 10.1016/S0041-1345(00)01983-7 PG 2 WC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation SC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation GA 413UK UT WOS:000167629900095 PM 11266788 ER PT J AU Hay, SI Rogers, DJ Shanks, GD Myers, MF Snow, RW AF Hay, SI Rogers, DJ Shanks, GD Myers, MF Snow, RW TI Malaria early warning in Kenya SO TRENDS IN PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Review ID SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; BORNE DISEASE; HIGHLANDS; EPIDEMIC; SYSTEMS; TRANSMISSION; CLIMATE; VECTORS; IMPACT AB Kenya displays large spatiotemporal diversity in its climate and ecology. It follows that malaria transmission will reflect this environmental heterogeneity in both space and time. In this article, we discuss how such heterogeneity, and its epidemiological consequences, should be considered in the development of early warning systems for malaria epidemics. C1 Univ Oxford, Dept Zool, TALA Res Grp, Oxford OX1 3PS, England. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, USAMC, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. Kenya Med Res Inst, Wellcome Trust Collaborat Programme, Nairobi, Kenya. Univ Oxford, John Radcliffe Hosp, Nuffield Dept Clin Med, Ctr Trop Med, Oxford OX3 9DS, England. RP Hay, SI (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Dept Zool, TALA Res Grp, S Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3PS, England. RI Hay, Simon/F-8967-2015 OI Hay, Simon/0000-0002-0611-7272 FU Wellcome Trust [056642] NR 35 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1471-4922 J9 TRENDS PARASITOL JI Trends Parasitol. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 17 IS 2 BP 95 EP 99 DI 10.1016/S1471-4922(00)01763-3 PG 5 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 453TV UT WOS:000169933300011 PM 11228016 ER PT J AU Carroll, P Coley, C McLeod, D Schellhammer, P Sweat, G Wasson, J Zietman, A Thompson, I AF Carroll, P Coley, C McLeod, D Schellhammer, P Sweat, G Wasson, J Zietman, A Thompson, I TI Prostate-specific antigen best practice policy - part I: Early detection and diagnosis of prostate cancer SO UROLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID DIGITAL RECTAL EXAMINATION; TERM FOLLOW-UP; RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY; MULTIVARIATE-ANALYSIS; CLINICAL-TRIAL; PATIENT AGE; MEN; PROGRESSION; MANAGEMENT; PREDICTION C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Urol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Med Ctr, Dept Urol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Harvard Univ, Hlth Serv, Dept Med, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Urol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Eastern Virginia Grad Sch Med, Norfolk, VA USA. Mayo Clin, Dept Family Med, Rochester, MN USA. Dartmouth Coll, Hitchcock Med Ctr, Dartmouth Med Sch, Dept Community & Family Med, Hanover, NH 03756 USA. Harvard Univ, Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Sch Med, Dept Radiat Oncol, Boston, MA USA. RP Thompson, I (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Urol, Mail Code 7845,7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 59 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0090-4295 J9 UROLOGY JI UROLOGY PD FEB PY 2001 VL 57 IS 2 BP 217 EP 224 DI 10.1016/S0090-4295(00)00993-6 PG 8 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 403BU UT WOS:000167023300002 PM 11182324 ER PT J AU Carroll, P Coley, C McLeod, D Schellhammer, P Sweat, G Wasson, J Zietman, A Thompson, I AF Carroll, P Coley, C McLeod, D Schellhammer, P Sweat, G Wasson, J Zietman, A Thompson, I TI Prostate-specific antigen best practice policy - part II: Prostate cancer staging and post-treatment follow-up SO UROLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID BEAM RADIATION-THERAPY; LYMPH-NODE METASTASES; RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY; PELVIC LYMPHADENECTOMY; CRYOSURGICAL ABLATION; BONE-SCINTIGRAPHY; HORMONAL-THERAPY; GLEASON SCORE; PSA NADIR; RECURRENCE C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Urol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Med Ctr, Dept Urol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Harvard Univ, Hlth Serv, Dept Med, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Urol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Eastern Virginia Grad Sch Med, Norfolk, VA USA. Mayo Clin, Dept Family Med, Rochester, MN USA. Dartmouth Coll, Hitchcock Med Ctr, Dartmouth Med Sch, Dept Community & Family Med, Hanover, NH 03756 USA. Harvard Univ, Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Sch Med, Dept Radiat Oncol, Boston, MA USA. RP Thompson, I (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Urol, Mail Code 7845,7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 38 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0090-4295 J9 UROLOGY JI UROLOGY PD FEB PY 2001 VL 57 IS 2 BP 225 EP 229 DI 10.1016/S0090-4295(00)00994-8 PG 5 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 403BU UT WOS:000167023300003 PM 11182325 ER PT J AU Goodner, MD Gross, SM Desimone, JM Roberts, GW Kiserow, DJ AF Goodner, MD Gross, SM Desimone, JM Roberts, GW Kiserow, DJ TI Broadening of molecular-weight distribution in solid-state polymerization resulting from condensate diffusion SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE diffusion; molecular-weight distribution; phenol; poly(bisphenol A carbonate); solid-state polymerization; stoichiometry ID DIPHENYL CARBONATE; BISPHENOL-A; POLYETHYLENE TEREPHTHALATE; MELT TRANSESTERIFICATION; ETHYLENE-GLYCOL; POLY(ETHYLENE-TEREPHTHALATE); POLYCONDENSATION; KINETICS; POLYCARBONATE; REACTOR AB A kinetic model for the solid-state polymerization of poly(bisphenol A carbonate) in a single particle has been developed and used to investigate the broadening of molecular-weight distribution as a result of slow condensate diffusion. The model is based on melt-phase transesterification kinetics and Fickian diffusion of phenol, the condensate, in the amorphous regions of the semicrystalline particle. Model predictions compare favorably to experimental data. When diffusion is slow compared to reaction, a condensate concentration gradient is established. This gradient; induces a molecular-weight gradient, which results in a broadened overall molecular-weight distribution with an overall polydispersity above the theoretical limit for homogenous step-growth polymerization. As the mass transfer resistance inside the particle is decreased, the average molecular weight increases faster with time, and the overall polydispersity decreases. a stoichiometric imbalance of end groups decreases the obtainable molecular weight but mitigates the deleterious effects of slow condensate diffusion. (C) 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Univ N Carolina, Dept Chem, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Roberts, GW (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. NR 36 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 7 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0021-8995 J9 J APPL POLYM SCI JI J. Appl. Polym. Sci. PD JAN 31 PY 2001 VL 79 IS 5 BP 928 EP 943 DI 10.1002/1097-4628(20010131)79:5<928::AID-APP170>3.3.CO;2-O PG 16 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 385MB UT WOS:000166007300017 ER PT J AU Clapp, CH Senchak, SE Stover, TJ Potter, TC Findeis, PM Novak, MJ AF Clapp, CH Senchak, SE Stover, TJ Potter, TC Findeis, PM Novak, MJ TI Soybean lipoxygenase-mediated oxygenation of monounsaturated fatty acids to enones SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID OXIDATION; PATHWAY C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Med Chem, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Bucknell Univ, Dept Chem, Lewisburg, PA 17837 USA. RP Clapp, CH (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Med Chem, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 18 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JAN 31 PY 2001 VL 123 IS 4 BP 747 EP 748 DI 10.1021/ja0032071 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 396RT UT WOS:000166650900032 PM 11456594 ER PT J AU Pappu, S Sen, S Murr, LE Kapoor, D Magness, LS AF Pappu, S Sen, S Murr, LE Kapoor, D Magness, LS TI Deformation twins in oriented, columnar-grained tungsten rod ballistic penetrators SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE Neumann bands; deformation twins; transmission electron microscopy; columnar-grained tungsten ID PLASTIC-DEFORMATION; COPPER TARGETS; STRAIN-RATE; MICROSTRUCTURE; ALLOYS AB Deformation twins coincident with traces of {211} planes in sections cut from [001], [011], and [111] columnar-grained tungsten rod ballistic penetrators in rolled homogeneous armor targets have been identified by transmission electron microscopy and selected-area electron diffraction. These twins have been shown to coincide with Neumann bands observed by optical metallography. In addition, the twin density appears to increase at the head of the projectile and twins are observed to coincide with flow features which are characterized by dynamic recovery and recrystallization which provide the flow mechanism. Since deformation twins appear to play a prominent role in columnar and single-crystal tungsten rod flow, and twinning is limited by grain size, sintered or polycrystalline tungsten or tungsten alloy penetrators cannot be expected to perform like single crystal penetrators and penetrator strategies may need to focus on inducing twinning or in developing superplastic behavior. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Texas, Dept Met & Mat Engn, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. Univ Texas, Mat Res Inst, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. Ataturk Univ, Fac Engn, Dept Mech Engn, Erzurum, Turkey. USA, ARDEC, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Murr, LE (reprint author), Univ Texas, Dept Met & Mat Engn, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. OI Murr, Lawrence/0000-0001-5942-8376 NR 29 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD JAN 31 PY 2001 VL 298 IS 1-2 BP 144 EP 157 DI 10.1016/S0921-5093(00)01280-6 PG 14 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 394EM UT WOS:000166511200018 ER PT J AU Carey, GF Bicken, G Carey, V Berger, C Sanchez, J AF Carey, GF Bicken, G Carey, V Berger, C Sanchez, J TI Locally constrained projections on grids SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE projections; local constraints; grids; conservation; finite elements AB A technique is formulated for projecting vector fields from one unstructured computational grid to another grid so that a constraint condition such as a conservation property holds at the cell or element level on the 'receiving' grid. The approach is based on ideas from constrained optimization and certain mixed or multiplier-type finite element methods in which Lagrange multipliers are introduced on the elements to enforce the constraint. A theoretical analysis and estimates for the associated saddle-point problem are developed and a new algorithm is proposed for efficient solution of the resulting discretized problem. In the algorithm a reduced Schur's complement problem is constructed for the multipliers and the projected velocity computation reduces to a post-processing calculation. In some instances the reduced system matrix can be factored so that repeated projections involve little more than forward and backward substitution sweeps. Numerical tests with an element of practical interest demonstrate optimal rate of convergence for the projected velocities and verify the local conservation property to expected machine precision. A practical demonstration for environmental simulation of Florida Bay concludes the study. Copyright (C) 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 Univ Texas, Coll Engn, CFD Lab, TICAM, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Cornell Univ, Ctr Appl Math, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. USA, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Carey, GF (reprint author), Univ Texas, Coll Engn, CFD Lab, TICAM, WRW 305, Austin, TX 78712 USA. NR 27 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 0029-5981 J9 INT J NUMER METH ENG JI Int. J. Numer. Methods Eng. PD JAN 30 PY 2001 VL 50 IS 3 BP 549 EP 577 DI 10.1002/1097-0207(20010130)50:3<549::AID-NME35>3.3.CO;2-J PG 29 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Engineering; Mathematics GA 394PB UT WOS:000166531500003 ER PT J AU Goldner, LS Hwang, J Bryant, GW Fasolka, MJ Absil, PP Hryniewicz, JV Johnson, FG Shen, H Ho, PT AF Goldner, LS Hwang, J Bryant, GW Fasolka, MJ Absil, PP Hryniewicz, JV Johnson, FG Shen, H Ho, PT TI Newton's rings in near-field optics SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MICROSCOPY AB We show how Newton's rings manifest themselves in near-field scanning optical microscopy and discuss how this effect can be used with topographic imaging to measure correlated roughness of thin films. In conventional optics, transmission through a thin nonabsorbing film depends on film thickness when multiple reflections from the film boundaries are coherent. Measurements and modeling of the transmission through thin films illuminated by a near-field probe show that these oscillations are present despite the large distribution of transverse wave vectors needed to describe light from the probe. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. Univ Maryland, Lab Phys Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Goldner, LS (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. NR 11 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 29 PY 2001 VL 78 IS 5 BP 583 EP 585 DI 10.1063/1.1343850 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 398CC UT WOS:000166737500008 ER PT J AU Gogal, RM Prater, MR Smith, BJ Johnson, MS Holladay, SD AF Gogal, RM Prater, MR Smith, BJ Johnson, MS Holladay, SD TI Bilateral dissected spleens and thymuses in rodents exhibit homogeneity in leukocyte markers SO TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE spleen; thymus; sections; surface antigens; mouse; rat ID IMMUNOTOXICITY; GUIDELINES; CELLS; MICE AB Histopathologic evaluation and/or archiving of sections of spleen or thymus from all study animals may be mandated by study protocol (e.g., Toxic Substances Control Act-compliant studies). In such cases, whole spleen or thymus is not available for immunophenotyping. It has not been previously demonstrated that immunologic data representative of whole organs can be reliably obtained using a section of the spleen or using one thymic lobe. Light-scatter characteristics and immune cell-surface antigen expression were therefore compared in the right and left halves of the spleen and in the right and left thymic lobes of young adult female C57B1/6 mice and Sprague-Dawley rats. Antigens compared were: mouse spleen - CD11b, CD45R, CD90; rat spleen - CD11b, CD45RA, Pan-T/Ox-52; mouse and rat thymus - CD4, CD8a. There were no significant differences in distribution of cells by size or by expression level for any of these antigens when the right part of the organs was compared to the left part. These data indicate that use of entire spleen or both thymic lobes is not required to reliably quantify resident immune cell subpopulations. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Virginia Maryland Reg Coll Vet Med, Dept Biomed Sci & Pathobiol, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Hlth Effects Res Program, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Gogal, RM (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Virginia Maryland Reg Coll Vet Med, Dept Biomed Sci & Pathobiol, 1410 Prices Fork Rd, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. NR 16 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0300-483X J9 TOXICOLOGY JI Toxicology PD JAN 26 PY 2001 VL 157 IS 3 BP 217 EP 223 DI 10.1016/S0300-483X(00)00351-6 PG 7 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 400WD UT WOS:000166893900005 PM 11164986 ER PT J AU Williams, HL Chabalowski, CF AF Williams, HL Chabalowski, CF TI Using Kohn-Sham orbitals in symmetry-adapted perturbation theory to investigate intermolecular interactions SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; POTENTIAL-ENERGY SURFACE; CORRELATED MOLECULAR CALCULATIONS; EXCHANGE-CORRELATION FUNCTIONALS; DER-WAALS-COMPLEXES; GAUSSIAN-BASIS SETS; CLOSED-SHELL ATOMS; ELECTRON-DENSITY; AB-INITIO; EXCITATION-ENERGIES AB This is the first reported use of a hybrid method involving density functional theory (DFT) and symmetry-adapted perturbation theory (SAPT) to calculate intermolecular interactions. This work was stimulated by the reported failures of supermolecular DFT calculations to adequately predict intermolecular land interatomic) interactions, particularly of the van der Waals type. The goals are to develop a hybrid scheme that will calculate intermolecular interaction energies accurately and in a computationally efficient fashion, while including the benefits of the energy decomposition provided by SAPT. The computational savings result from replacing the costly perturbation theory treatment with DFT, which should include the intramolecular correlation effects on the intermolecular interaction energies. The accuracy of this new hybrid approach (labeled SAPT(DFT)) is evaluated by comparisons with higher level calculations. The test cases include He-2, Ar-2. Ar-H-2, (H2O)(2), (HF)(2), CO2-CH3CN, and CO2-dimethylnitramine. The new approach shows mixed results concerning the accuracy of interaction energies. SAPT(DFT) correctly predicts all the qualitative trends in binding energies for all test cases. This is particularly encouraging in dimer systems dominated by dispersive interactions where supermolecular DFT fails to predict binding. In addition, the method achieves a drastic reduction (a factor of at least 100) in computational time over the higher level calculations often used to predict these forces. With respect to quantitative accuracy, this initial hybrid scheme, using the very popular exchange-correlation functional B3LYP, overestimates the second-order energy components (e.g., induction and dispersion terms) for all of the test cases, and subsequently overestimates the total interaction energy for all dimer systems except those heavily dominated by the electrotstatic interactions. The SAPT energy decomposition points to the use of DFT virtual orbital eigenvalues in the second-order perturbation terms as the likely cause for this error. These results are consistent with earlier work suggesting that DFT canonical virtual orbital energies obtained from commonly used functionals are less than optimal for use in such a perturbative scheme. The first-order interaction energy terms from the SAPT(DFT) are found to be generally more accurate than the second-order terms, and agree well with the benchmark values for dimers containing molecules with a permanent electric dipole moment. These first-order terms depend only upon the occupied MO eigenvectors, and hence are not affected by the inaccuracies in the Kohn-Sham DFT virtual orbital eigenvalues. These observations encourage future studies utilizing newly reported functionals, some of which have been developed to directly address problems with DFT virtual orbital energies and the asymptotic region of the electron density. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, WM,BD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Chabalowski, CF (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, WM,BD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM cary@arl.army.mil NR 67 TC 182 Z9 183 U1 1 U2 19 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD JAN 25 PY 2001 VL 105 IS 3 BP 646 EP 659 DI 10.1021/jp003883p PG 14 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 402RE UT WOS:000167001300019 ER PT J AU Dubey, JP Fritz, D Lindsay, DS Shen, SK Kwok, OCH Thompson, KC AF Dubey, JP Fritz, D Lindsay, DS Shen, SK Kwok, OCH Thompson, KC TI Diclazuril preventive therapy of gamma interferon knockout mice fed Sarcocystis neurona sporocysts SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Sarcocystis neurona; sporocysts; oral; equine protozoal myeloencephalitis; EPM; knockout mice; diclazuril; treatment ID EQUINE PROTOZOAL MYELOENCEPHALITIS; OPOSSUM DIDELPHIS-VIRGINIANA; N-SP PROTOZOA; TOXOPLASMA-GONDII AB Gamma interferon knockout (KO) mice (n = 74) were fed a lethal dose of similar to 1000 sporocysts of the SN15-OP isolate of Sarcocstis neurona. Groups of mice were given pelleted rodent feed containing 50 ppm of diclazuril at different times before and after feeding sporocysts. All mice were examined at necropsy and their tissues were examined immunohistochemically for S. neurona infection. Twenty mice were fed sporocysts and given diclazuril starting 5 days before feeding sporocysts and continuing 30-39 days post-infection (p.i.). One mouse died of causes unrelated to S, neurona with no demonstrable parasites; the remaining 19 mice remained clinically normal and S. neurona organisms were not found in their tissues. Sarcocystis neurona organisms were not demonstrable by bioassay of the brains of these 19 mice in uninfected KO mice, Sarcocystsis neurona organisms were not found in tissues of five mice treated with diclazuril, starting 7 days after feeding sporocysts and continuing up to 39 days p.i. Therapy was less efficient when diclazuril was given 10 days p.i. Sarcocystis neurona organisms were found in two of :19 mice treated with diclazuril starting 10 days after feeding sporocysts, in two of five mice starting therapy 12 days p.i., and in 10 of 10 mice when treatment was delayed until 15 days p.i. All 15 mice fed S. neurona, but not given diclazuril, developed neural sarcocystosis and were euthanized 22-30 days after feeding sporocysts. Six mice not fed S. neurona. but given diclazuril for 44 days, remained clinically normal. Results indicate that diclazuril can kill the early stages of S. neurona. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Parasite Biol Epidemiol & Syst Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Pathol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Virginia Tech, Virginia Maryland Reg Coll Vet Med, Dept Biomed Sci & Pathobiol, Ctr Mol & Infect Dis, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. Schering Plough Anim Hlth Corp, Pharmaceut Res, Union, NJ 07083 USA. RP Dubey, JP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Parasite Biol Epidemiol & Syst Lab, Bldg 1001, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RI Lindsay, David/G-8891-2016 OI Lindsay, David/0000-0002-0592-8321 NR 14 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD JAN 20 PY 2001 VL 94 IS 4 BP 257 EP 264 DI 10.1016/S0304-4017(00)00376-9 PG 8 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA 391CU UT WOS:000166337200004 PM 11137273 ER PT J AU Jones, TR Narum, DL Gozalo, AS Aguiar, J Fuhrmann, SR Liang, H Haynes, JD Moch, JK Lucas, C Luu, T Magill, AJ Hoffman, SL Sim, BKL AF Jones, TR Narum, DL Gozalo, AS Aguiar, J Fuhrmann, SR Liang, H Haynes, JD Moch, JK Lucas, C Luu, T Magill, AJ Hoffman, SL Sim, BKL TI Protection of Aotus monkeys by Plasmodium falciparum EBA-175 region II DNA prime-protein boost immunization regimen SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd Annual Meeting on Novel Adjuvants Currently in/Close to Human Clinical Testing CY JUN 05, 2000 CL ANNECY LE VIEUX, FRANCE SP Fdn Merieux ID ERYTHROCYTE BINDING ANTIGEN; MEROZOITE SURFACE PROTEIN-1; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; GLYCOPHORIN-A; MALARIA; INVASION; IMMUNOGENICITY; VACCINE; VIRUS; EFFICACY AB Aotus monkeys received 4 doses of Plasmodium falciparum EBA- 175 region II vaccine as plasmid DNA (Dv- Dv) or recombinant protein in adjuvant (Pv- Pv) or as 3 doses of DNA and 1 dose of protein (Dv- Pv). After 3 doses, antibody titers were similar to 10(4) in DNA- immunized monkeys and 10(6) in protein- immunized monkeys. A fourth dose did not significantly boost antibody responses in the Dv- Dv only or Pv- Pv only groups, but titers were boosted to similar to 10(6) in monkeys in the Dv- Pv group. Four weeks after the last immunization, the animals were challenged with 10(4) P. falciparum- parasitized erythrocytes. Peak levels of parasitemia were lower in the 16 monkeys that received region II- containing plasmids or proteins than in the 16 controls (geometric mean: 194,178 and 410,110 parasites/muL, respectively; P = .013, Student's t test). Three of 4 monkeys in the Dv-Pv group did not require treatment. These data demonstrate that immunization with EBA- 175 region II induces a significant antiparasite effect in vivo. C1 USN, Med Res Ctr, Malaria Program, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, Silver Spring, MD USA. EntreMed, Rockville, MD USA. USN, Med Res Ctr Detachment, Lima, Peru. RP Jones, TR (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr, Malaria Program, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI-36758] NR 39 TC 82 Z9 82 U1 0 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JAN 15 PY 2001 VL 183 IS 2 BP 303 EP 312 DI 10.1086/317933 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 385DU UT WOS:000165987700018 PM 11110648 ER PT J AU Reinecke, TL Knipp, PA Rudin, S Bayer, M Reithmaier, JP Forchel, A AF Reinecke, TL Knipp, PA Rudin, S Bayer, M Reithmaier, JP Forchel, A TI Photon band gap systems from semiconductor microcavities SO SYNTHETIC METALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Topical Conference on Optical Probes on Pi-Conjugated Polymers and Photonic Crystals CY FEB 15-19, 2000 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Univ Utah, Dept Energy, Univ Utah, Dept Phys, Honeywell, Elsevier, Los Alamos Natl Lab DE microcavities; semiconductor; photon band gap ID OPTICAL MODES; QUANTUM DOTS; CRYSTALS; EMISSION; LASER AB A brief discussion of recent work on confined photon modes in semiconductor microcavities is given with an emphasis on comparison between experimental and theoretical results for these systems. Discrete photon modes whose energies increase with decreasing cavity size are observed in single lithographically structured semiconductor microcavities. Coupled pairs of microcavities show a rich pattern of modes analogous to the bonding and antibonding electronic states of molecules. Chains of microcavities exhibit photon band gaps out to the fourth Brillouin zone edge of the chains. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Christopher Newport Univ, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Univ Wurzburg, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany. RP Reinecke, TL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Reithmaier, Johann/G-8171-2012; OI Reithmaier, Johann/0000-0002-1974-8292; Forchel, Alfred/0000-0002-9377-9935 NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0379-6779 J9 SYNTHETIC MET JI Synth. Met. PD JAN 15 PY 2001 VL 116 IS 1-3 BP 457 EP 460 DI 10.1016/S0379-6779(00)00414-8 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Physics; Polymer Science GA 393JL UT WOS:000166465400096 ER PT J AU West, BJ Nonnenmacher, T AF West, BJ Nonnenmacher, T TI An ant in a gurge SO PHYSICS LETTERS A LA English DT Article ID FRACTIONAL DIFFUSION; ANOMALOUS DIFFUSION; DISORDERED MEDIA; HUMAN GAIT; SEQUENCES; EVOLUTION; EQUATIONS; SYSTEMS AB An ant in a gurge is used as a metaphor for anomalous transport and wave propagation, that is, diffusion and wave propagation in disordered but scaling physical systems. The evolution of such complex phenomena can not be described by traditional partial differential equations. Herein we construct a fractional calculus description of the movement of an "ant" when its steps can be random, long-time correlated. and arbitrarily long range in a "gurge" that may be deterministically or randomly fractal. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. Univ Ulm, Dept Math Phys, D-89069 Ulm, Germany. RP West, BJ (reprint author), USA, Res Off, POB 12211, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. NR 32 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9601 J9 PHYS LETT A JI Phys. Lett. A PD JAN 8 PY 2001 VL 278 IS 5 BP 255 EP 259 DI 10.1016/S0375-9601(00)00781-7 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 395KH UT WOS:000166579200004 ER PT J AU Blair, JRS Heggernes, P Telle, JA AF Blair, JRS Heggernes, P Telle, JA TI A practical algorithm for making filled graphs minimal SO THEORETICAL COMPUTER SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB For an arbitrary filled graph G(+) of a given original graph G, we consider the problem of removing fill edges from G(+) in order to obtain a graph M that is both a minimal filled graph of G and a subgraph of G(+). For G(+) with f fill edges and e original edges, we give a simple O(f(e + f)) algorithm which solves the problem and computes a corresponding minimal elimination ordering of G. We report on experiments with an implementation of our algorithm, where we test graphs G corresponding to some real sparse matrix applications and apply well-known and widely used ordering heuristics to find G(+). Our findings show the amount of fill that is commonly removed by a minimalization for each of these heuristics, and also indicate that the runtime of our algorithm on these practical graphs is better than the presented worst-case bound. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Bergen, Dept Informat, N-5020 Bergen, Norway. US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Heggernes, P (reprint author), Univ Bergen, Dept Informat, N-5020 Bergen, Norway. OI Heggernes, Pinar/0000-0001-9460-4355 NR 22 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3975 J9 THEOR COMPUT SCI JI Theor. Comput. Sci. PD JAN 6 PY 2001 VL 250 IS 1-2 BP 125 EP 141 DI 10.1016/S0304-3975(99)00126-7 PG 17 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA 374BP UT WOS:000165324800009 ER PT J AU Gill, RT DeLisa, MP Valdes, JJ Bentley, WE AF Gill, RT DeLisa, MP Valdes, JJ Bentley, WE TI Genomic analysis of high-cell-density recombinant Escherichia coli fermentation and "cell conditioning" for improved recombinant protein yield SO BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE microarray; genomics; high cell density; Escherichia coli; gene-chip; stress genes; cell conditioning ID INCLUSION-BODY FORMATION; HEAT-SHOCK PROTEINS; FED-BATCH CULTURES; GENE-EXPRESSION; OLIGONUCLEOTIDE ARRAYS; INDUCTION; CHAPERONE; PATTERNS; GROWTH; LAMBDA AB The Escherichia coli stress gene transcription profile and response to recombinant protein overexpression were substantially altered at high cell density when compared with low cell density. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction RT-PCR-amplified mRNA from low (4 g[DCW]/L) and high-cell-density 143.5 g [DCW]/L) conditions were hybridized with a DNA microarray of Kohara clones encompassing 16% of the E. coli genome, and differentially displayed genes were identified. Transcript-specific RNA dot blots indicated that molecular chaperones (groEL, ibpA, degP), proteases (degP, ftsH), the lysis gene mltB, and DNA damage/bacteriophaae-associated gene transcript levels (ftsH, recA, alpA, uvrB) increased 10- to 43-fold at high cell density. In addition, overexpression of recombinant green fluorescent protein (GFP(uv))/chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) fusion protein did not change the rates of cell growth or cell lysis. The stress gene transcription profile at high cell density was used to evaluate "cell conditioning" strategies to alter the levels of chaperones, proteases, and other intracellular proteins prior to recombinant protein overexpression. Interestingly, the addition of 1 g/L dithiothreitol (DTT) 20 min prior to induction of a GFP(uv)/CAT fusion protein resulted in a twofold increase in CAT activity when compared with the unconditioned controls. In addition, RNA dot blots of five stress genes confirmed that cell conditioning strategies significantly altered the dyn a mic stress ge ne response to foreign protein overexpression. (C) 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Chem Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Maryland, Inst Biotechnol, Ctr Agr Biotechnol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. USA, Edgewood Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Bentley, WE (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Chem Engn, Plant Sci Bldg,Room 5115, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. OI DeLisa, Matthew/0000-0003-3226-1566 NR 52 TC 42 Z9 47 U1 2 U2 14 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0006-3592 J9 BIOTECHNOL BIOENG JI Biotechnol. Bioeng. PD JAN 5 PY 2001 VL 72 IS 1 BP 85 EP 95 DI 10.1002/1097-0290(20010105)72:1<85::AID-BIT12>3.0.CO;2-H PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 384YB UT WOS:000165973900012 PM 11084598 ER PT B AU Jameson, TC Vaucher, GT AF Jameson, TC Vaucher, GT GP AMS AMS TI Statistical results of two rawinsonde processors sampling a single sonde SO 11TH SYMPOSIUM ON METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS AND INSTRUMENTATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th Symposium on Meteorological Observations and Instrumentation CY JAN 14-18, 2001 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, CI,EA, White Sands Missile Range, NM 88002 USA. RP Jameson, TC (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, CI,EA, White Sands Missile Range, NM 88002 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 USA PY 2001 BP 85 EP 89 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BV01N UT WOS:000177602400019 ER PT B AU Andreas, EL Guest, PS Persson, POG Fairall, CW Horst, TW Moritz, RE AF Andreas, EL Guest, PS Persson, POG Fairall, CW Horst, TW Moritz, RE GP AMS AMS TI Relative humidity measurements near saturation at temperatures well below 0 degrees C SO 11TH SYMPOSIUM ON METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS AND INSTRUMENTATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th Symposium on Meteorological Observations and Instrumentation CY JAN 14-18, 2001 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP Amer Meteorol Soc ID TRANSFER-COEFFICIENTS; SEA ICE; SNOW C1 US Army Cold Regions Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Andreas, EL (reprint author), US Army Cold Regions Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 USA PY 2001 BP 159 EP 164 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BV01N UT WOS:000177602400034 ER PT B AU Elliott, D Vaucher, G AF Elliott, D Vaucher, G GP AMS AMS TI Desert lapse rate changes observed during the night-day transition period SO 11TH SYMPOSIUM ON METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS AND INSTRUMENTATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th Symposium on Meteorological Observations and Instrumentation CY JAN 14-18, 2001 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 US Army Res Lab, White Sands Missile Range, NM USA. RP Elliott, D (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, White Sands Missile Range, NM USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 USA PY 2001 BP 221 EP 223 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BV01N UT WOS:000177602400049 ER PT B AU Creegan, ED Gutierrez, A AF Creegan, ED Gutierrez, A GP AMS AMS TI Wind profiling radar signal processing methodology comparison SO 11TH SYMPOSIUM ON METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS AND INSTRUMENTATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th Symposium on Meteorological Observations and Instrumentation CY JAN 14-18, 2001 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 USA, Res Lab, CI, EA, White Sands Missile Range, NM USA. RP Creegan, ED (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, CI, EA, White Sands Missile Range, NM USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 USA PY 2001 BP 335 EP 338 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BV01N UT WOS:000177602400076 ER PT B AU Weatherly, JW Bitz, C AF Weatherly, JW Bitz, C GP AMS AMS TI Natural and anthropogenic climate variations in the Arctic SO 12TH SYMPOSIUM ON GLOBAL CHANGE AND CLIMATE VARIATIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th Symposium on Global Change and Climate Variations CY JAN 14-18, 2001 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP Amer Meteorol Soc ID SEA-ICE C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Weatherly, JW (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 USA PY 2001 BP 309 EP 312 PG 4 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BV01M UT WOS:000177601900094 ER PT B AU Wisher, RA Curnow, CK Drenth, DJ AF Wisher, RA Curnow, CK Drenth, DJ GP UWDT&L UWDT&L TI From student reactions to job performance: A cross-sectional analysis of distance learning effectiveness SO 17TH ANNUAL CONFERENCE ON DISTANCE TEACHING AND LEARNING, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 17th Annual Conference on Distance Teaching and Learning CY AUG 08-10, 2001 CL MADISON, WI ID RATINGS C1 USA, Inst Res, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIVERSITY WISCONSIN DISTANCE TEACHING & LEARNING CONFERENCE PI MADISON PA 1050 UNIV AVE, B-136 LATHROP H ALL, MADISON, WI 53706 USA PY 2001 BP 399 EP 404 PG 4 WC Education & Educational Research SC Education & Educational Research GA BT82L UT WOS:000174161100080 ER PT B AU Measure, E Yee, Y Bleiweiss, M Cogan, J AF Measure, E Yee, Y Bleiweiss, M Cogan, J GP AMS AMS TI Neural network based retrieval of wind and temperature profiles from combined surface and satellite observations SO 17TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTERACTIVE INFORMATION AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS (IIPS) FOR METEOROLOGY, OCEANOGRAPHY, AND HYDROLOGY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Conference on Interactive Information and Processing Systems (IIPS) for Meteorology, Oceanography and Hydrology CY JAN 14-19, 2001 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP Amer Meteorol Soc AB Neural network techniques are being used to retrieve temperature and wind profiles from a combination of satellite observations (NOAA polar orbiter/GOES geostationary soundings) and ground-based measurements. Back-propagation neural networks are constructed using satellite radiances, simulated microwave radiometer measurements, and other ground-based measurements as inputs and produce temperature and wind profiles as outputs. The network is trained with rawinsonde measurements as truth-values. C1 USA, Res Lab, White Sands Missile Range, NM 88002 USA. RP Measure, E (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, White Sands Missile Range, NM 88002 USA. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 USA PY 2001 BP 287 EP 289 PG 3 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Water Resources SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Water Resources GA BV02Z UT WOS:000177651500077 ER PT B AU Kirby, SF Yee, Y Haines, P Henmi, T Malloy, BA AF Kirby, SF Yee, Y Haines, P Henmi, T Malloy, BA GP AMS AMS TI Exploiting the internet to automate the execution of mesoscale models SO 17TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTERACTIVE INFORMATION AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS (IIPS) FOR METEOROLOGY, OCEANOGRAPHY, AND HYDROLOGY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Conference on Interactive Information and Processing Systems (IIPS) for Meteorology, Oceanography and Hydrology CY JAN 14-19, 2001 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 USA, Res Lab, White Sands Missile Range, NM 88002 USA. RP Kirby, SF (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, White Sands Missile Range, NM 88002 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 USA PY 2001 BP 413 EP 417 PG 5 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Water Resources SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Water Resources GA BV02Z UT WOS:000177651500111 ER PT S AU Song, JW Swan, T Lee, BL AF Song, JW Swan, T Lee, BL BE Repecka, L Saremi, FF TI The effect of adhesive properties on ballistic performance of hybrid systems of fiber composites with ceramic front plates SO 2001: A MATERIALS AND PROCESSES ODYSSEY, BOOKS 1 AND 2 SE INTERNATIONAL SAMPE TECHNICAL CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 46th International SAMPE Symposium and Exhibition CY MAY 06-10, 2001 CL LONG BEACH, CA SP Soc Advancement Mat & Process Engn DE adhesive properties; hybrid composites; ballistic limit V-50; ceramic fracture; fiber reinforced composites ID IMPACT AB The ballistic performance of hybrid systems of a ceramic front plate and a polymeric fiber composite backing plate was studied with a special attention to the effect of adhesive properties. The mechanisms of damage propagation from the ceramic layer to the composite backing layer were examined utilizing different compositions of adhesives as well as fiber composites. The ballistic limit velocity under the impact of tungsten carbide spherical projectile was found to be higher with the toughened vinyl ester adhesive over three other systems such as polysulfide, polycarbonate, and and vinyl ester. Through the off-centered 3-point bending test and a qualitative analysis of dynamic adhesive strength evaluation, the criteria of dynamic adhesive behavior of the hybrid systems was estimated. Results of these studies indicate that the mechanical properties of backing composites, as well as adhesives, are important parameters governing failure behavior of the ceramic front layer. C1 USA, Soldier Syst Ctr, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Song, JW (reprint author), USA, Soldier Syst Ctr, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC ADVANCEMENT MATERIAL & PROCESS ENGINEERING PI COVINA PA 1161 PARKVIEW DR,, COVINA, CA 91724-3748 USA SN 0892-2624 BN 0-938994-90-5 J9 INT SAMPE TECH CONF PY 2001 VL 46 BP 259 EP 272 PG 4 WC Engineering, Chemical; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Materials Science, Composites SC Engineering; Materials Science GA BS96V UT WOS:000171526800024 ER PT S AU Dutta, PK Mosallam, A Vargas, J Mikhael, D AF Dutta, PK Mosallam, A Vargas, J Mikhael, D BE Repecka, L Saremi, FF TI A fast method for field evaluation of concrete/FRP adhesive bonding in extreme temperatures SO 2001: A MATERIALS AND PROCESSES ODYSSEY, BOOKS 1 AND 2 SE INTERNATIONAL SAMPE TECHNICAL CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 46th International SAMPE Symposium and Exhibition CY MAY 06-10, 2001 CL LONG BEACH, CA SP Soc Advancement Mat & Process Engn DE structural adhesives; extreme temperatures; construction AB This paper reports the results of a pilot experimental study on evaluating the structural behavior of structural adhesives under extreme temperatures environment. The proposed method can be utilized at the site as an inspection and evaluation tool for structural adhesives properties, especially for applications related to concrete repair and rehabilitation, The paper presents experimental results describing the behavior of several adhesives tested in this study. All adhesives were tested under both ambient and extreme temperature conditions, Conclusions and discussions on the effect of extreme temperatures on the strength of the structural adhesives are presented. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Dutta, PK (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC ADVANCEMENT MATERIAL & PROCESS ENGINEERING PI COVINA PA 1161 PARKVIEW DR,, COVINA, CA 91724-3748 USA SN 0892-2624 BN 0-938994-90-5 J9 INT SAMPE TECH CONF PY 2001 VL 46 BP 451 EP 462 PG 4 WC Engineering, Chemical; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Materials Science, Composites SC Engineering; Materials Science GA BS96V UT WOS:000171526800041 ER PT S AU Rigas, EJ Walsh, SM Spurgeon, WA AF Rigas, EJ Walsh, SM Spurgeon, WA BE Repecka, L Saremi, FF TI Development of a novel processing technique for Vacuum Assisted Resin Transfer Molding (VARTM) SO 2001: A MATERIALS AND PROCESSES ODYSSEY, BOOKS 1 AND 2 SE INTERNATIONAL SAMPE TECHNICAL CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 46th International SAMPE Symposium and Exhibition CY MAY 06-10, 2001 CL LONG BEACH, CA SP Soc Advancement Mat & Process Engn DE VARTM; RTM; SCRIMP; resin infusion; resin injection; intelligent process resin flow control; sensing; low cost/economical processing AB Composite material processing costs have come down significantly over the years with the advent of less capital-intensive variations of manufacturing techniques such as Vacuum Assisted Resin Transfer Molding (VARTM). However, with the introduction of these processing methods several important issues have generally been overlooked in the race to produce higher volumes, with lower cost components. Namely, the cumulative waste associated with manufacturing products using these methods. Recent research at the U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL), has focused on the challenges of manufacturing ballistic, multifunctional, composite material systems, and structures, and developing methods to reduce or eliminate excess waste and labor associated with the fabrication of these components. The results, of the research, have included the development of innovative processing techniques, which will reduce labor costs, resin infusion times, material waste, and ultimately final component costs. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Rigas, EJ (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 7 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU SOC ADVANCEMENT MATERIAL & PROCESS ENGINEERING PI COVINA PA 1161 PARKVIEW DR,, COVINA, CA 91724-3748 USA SN 0892-2624 BN 0-938994-90-5 J9 INT SAMPE TECH CONF PY 2001 VL 46 BP 1086 EP 1094 PG 3 WC Engineering, Chemical; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Materials Science, Composites SC Engineering; Materials Science GA BS96V UT WOS:000171526800096 ER PT S AU Tzeng, JT AF Tzeng, JT BE Repecka, L Saremi, FF TI Stress relaxation in composite flywheels SO 2001: A MATERIALS AND PROCESSES ODYSSEY, BOOKS 1 AND 2 SE INTERNATIONAL SAMPE TECHNICAL CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 46th International SAMPE Symposium and Exhibition CY MAY 06-10, 2001 CL LONG BEACH, CA SP Soc Advancement Mat & Process Engn ID CYLINDERS AB A viscoelastic analysis has been developed to investigate stress relaxation and creep in a multi-layered composite cylinder subjected to rotation. The analysis accounts for ply-by-ply variation of material properties, fiber orientations, and density gradients through the thickness of cylinders. A closed form solution based on the corresponding elastic problem is derived for a generalized plane strain state in a thick-walled multi-layered cylinder. Laplace transform is then applied to obtain the numerical solution of the viscoelastic problem. The paper illustrates the derivation of the analytical model and solution procedure. A numerical simulation shows substantial creep and stress relaxation in thick-walled cylinders at an elevated temperature. Viscoelastic effects of composite can result in a drastic change of stress and strain profiles in a cylinder over a period of time, which is critical in terms of structural durability for application such as energy storage flywheels. C1 USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Tzeng, JT (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC ADVANCEMENT MATERIAL & PROCESS ENGINEERING PI COVINA PA 1161 PARKVIEW DR,, COVINA, CA 91724-3748 USA SN 0892-2624 BN 0-938994-90-5 J9 INT SAMPE TECH CONF PY 2001 VL 46 BP 1621 EP 1630 PG 8 WC Engineering, Chemical; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Materials Science, Composites SC Engineering; Materials Science GA BS96V UT WOS:000171526800146 ER PT B AU Hale, PS Arno, RG Koval, DO AF Hale, PS Arno, RG Koval, DO GP IEEE IEEE TI Analysis techniques for electrical and mechanical power systems SO 2001 IEEE INDUSTRIAL AND COMMERCIAL POWER SYSTEMS TECHNICAL CONFERENCE, CONFERENCE RECORD LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference CY MAY 15-16, 2001 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP IEEE Ind Applicat Soc, Ind & Commercial Power Syst Dept, IEEE New Orleans Sect AB Analysis techniques for electrical and mechanical power systems. C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Special Missions Off, Power Reliabil Enhancement Program, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Hale, PS (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, Special Missions Off, Power Reliabil Enhancement Program, 10115 Gridley Rd, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-7055-4 PY 2001 BP 61 EP 65 DI 10.1109/ICPS.2001.966513 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BU05R UT WOS:000174876200010 ER PT S AU Sadler, BM Kozick, RJ Moore, T AF Sadler, BM Kozick, RJ Moore, T GP IEEE IEEE TI Bounds on MIMO channel estimation and equalization with side information SO 2001 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ACOUSTICS, SPEECH, AND SIGNAL PROCESSING, VOLS I-VI, PROCEEDINGS: VOL I: SPEECH PROCESSING 1; VOL II: SPEECH PROCESSING 2 IND TECHNOL TRACK DESIGN & IMPLEMENTATION OF SIGNAL PROCESSING SYSTEMS NEURALNETWORKS FOR SIGNAL PROCESSING; VOL III: IMAGE & MULTIDIMENSIONAL SIGNAL PROCESSING MULTIMEDIA SIGNAL PROCESSING - VOL IV: SIGNAL PROCESSING FOR COMMUNICATIONS; VOL V: SIGNAL PROCESSING EDUCATION SENSOR ARRAY & MULTICHANNEL SIGNAL PROCESSING AUDIO & ELECTROACOUSTICS; VOL VI: SIGNAL PROCESSING THEORY & METHODS STUDENT FORUM SE International Conference on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing CY MAY 07-11, 2001 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UT SP IEEE Signal Processing Soc ID MULTICHANNEL AB We present constrained Cramer-Rao bounds for multi-input multi-output (MIMO) channel and source estimation. We find the MIMO Fisher information matrix (FIM) and consider its properties, including the maximum rank of the unconstrained FIM, and develop necessary conditions for the FIM to achieve full rank. Equality constraints provide a means to study the potential value of side information, such as training (semi-blind case), constant modulus (CM) sources, or source non-Gaussianity. Nonredundant constraints may be combined in an arbitrary fashion, so that side information may be different for different sources. The bounds are useful for evaluating various MIMO source and channel estimation algorithms. We present an example using the constant modulus blind equalization algorithm. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Sadler, BM (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1520-6149 BN 0-7803-7041-4 J9 INT CONF ACOUST SPEE PY 2001 BP 2145 EP 2148 DI 10.1109/ICASSP.2001.940418 PG 4 WC Acoustics; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Acoustics; Computer Science; Engineering GA BT70T UT WOS:000173806500538 ER PT B AU Seno, M Karypis, G AF Seno, M Karypis, G BE Cercone, N Lin, TY Wi, XD TI LPMiner: An algorithm for finding frequent itemsets using length-decreasing support constraint SO 2001 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON DATA MINING, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Data Mining CY NOV 29-DEC 02, 2001 CL SAN JOSE, CA SP IEEE Comp Soc, TCPAMI, IEEE Comp Soc, TFVI, Insightful Corp, Microsoft Res, NARAX Inc, Springer Verlag, New York, StatSoft Inc AB Over the years, a variety of algorithms for finding frequent itemsets in very large transaction databases have been developed. The key feature in most of these algorithms is that they use a constant support constraint to control the inherently exponential complexity of the problem. In general, itemsets that contain only a few items will tend to be interesting if they have a high support, whereas long itemsets can still be interesting even if their support is relatively small. Ideally, we desire to have an algorithm that finds all the frequent itemsets whose support decreases as a function of their length. In this paper we present an algorithm called LPMiner, that finds all itemsets that satisfy a length-decreasing support constraint. Our experimental evaluation shows that LPMiner is up to two orders of magnitude faster than the FP-growth algorithm for finding itemsets at a constant support constraint, and that its runtime increases gradually as the average length of the transactions (and the discovered itemsets) increases. C1 Univ Minnesota, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Army HPC Res Ctr, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Seno, M (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Army HPC Res Ctr, 4-192 EE-CS Bldg,200 Union St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. NR 8 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 0-7695-1119-8 PY 2001 BP 505 EP 512 DI 10.1109/ICDM.2001.989558 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BT50G UT WOS:000173158200064 ER PT S AU Kosinski, JA Pastore, RA Fang, HY Yang, JH AF Kosinski, JA Pastore, RA Fang, HY Yang, JH BE Yuhas, DE Schneider, SC TI Thickness vibrations of a rotating at-cut quartz plate SO 2001 IEEE ULTRASONICS SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1 AND 2 SE ULTRASONICS SYMPOSIUM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Ultrasonic Symposium CY OCT 07-10, 2001 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Ultrason, Ferrelect, & Frequency Control Soc AB Thickness vibrations of a rotating piezoelectric quartz plate are studied. The transcendental equations that determine the resonant frequencies are obtained analytically and are solved numerically for an AT-cut quartz plate. The effect of rotation on resonant frequencies is examined. C1 USA, CECOM, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Kosinski, JA (reprint author), USA, CECOM, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1051-0117 BN 0-7803-7177-1 J9 ULTRASON PY 2001 BP 795 EP 798 PG 4 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Acoustics; Engineering; Physics GA BU75C UT WOS:000176890800168 ER PT S AU Kwon, H Der, SZ Nasrabadi, NM AF Kwon, H Der, SZ Nasrabadi, NM GP IEEE IEEE TI An adaptive segmentation algorithm using iterative local feature extraction for hyperspectral imagery SO 2001 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON IMAGE PROCESSING, VOL I, PROCEEDINGS SE IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP 2001) CY OCT 07-10, 2001 CL THESSALONIKI, GREECE SP IEEE Signal Processing Soc, IEEE ID CLASSIFICATION AB We present an adaptive segmentation algorithm based on the iterative use of a modified minimum-distance classifier. Local adaptivity is achieved by gradually updating each class centroid over a local region whose size is reduced progressively during a segmentation process. The proposed method provides improved segmentation performance over template-matching segmentation techniques because it adapts to the local context. The proposed algorithm can be applied to virtually any hyperspectral image regardless of size, dimensionality, and spectral sensitivity. Experimental results on a set of visible to near-infrared hyperspectral images using both the proposed algorithm and a standard template-matching technique are presented. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Nasrabadi, NM (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1522-4880 BN 0-7803-6725-1 J9 IEEE IMAGE PROC PY 2001 BP 74 EP 77 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BV14B UT WOS:000177932500018 ER PT S AU Chan, LCA Der, SZ Nasrabadi, NM AF Chan, LCA Der, SZ Nasrabadi, NM GP IEEE IEEE TI Joint compression and discrimination algorithm for clutter rejection SO 2001 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON IMAGE PROCESSING, VOL I, PROCEEDINGS SE IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP 2001) CY OCT 07-10, 2001 CL THESSALONIKI, GREECE SP IEEE Signal Processing Soc, IEEE AB Many pattern recognition (ATR) systems perform dimensionality reduction on the input imagery to reduce the requirement for a large number of training samples and high computational cost. Most of the dimensionality reduction techniques seek to optimize only the overall data compression, but not the interclass discriminability. In this paper, we present a neural-network-based algorithm that simultaneously achieves data compression and target discriminability by adjusting the pre-trained base components to maximize separability between classes. This allows the classifiers to operate at a higher level of efficiency and generalization capability on low-dimensional data. We have applied this technique to the problem of automatic detection of military vehicles in infrared imagery. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL SE SE, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Chan, LCA (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL SE SE, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1522-4880 BN 0-7803-6725-1 J9 IEEE IMAGE PROC PY 2001 BP 525 EP 528 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BV14B UT WOS:000177932500131 ER PT B AU Sarney, WL Salamanca-Riba, L Bruno, JD Tober, RL AF Sarney, WL Salamanca-Riba, L Bruno, JD Tober, RL GP IEEE IEEE IEEE TI Relaxation of AlSb films grown on (001)-GaSb SO 2001 INTERNATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Semiconductor Device Research Symposium (ISDRS 01) CY DEC 05-07, 2001 CL WASHINGTON, D.C. SP IEEE, Electron Devices Soc, USA, Res Off, Natl Sci Fdn, USA, Res Lab, NASA, Univ Maryland, Elect & Comp Engn Dept ID LATTICE-MISMATCH; HETEROSTRUCTURES C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, SE,EI,Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Sarney, WL (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, SE,EI,Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-7432-0 PY 2001 BP 279 EP 282 DI 10.1109/ISDRS.2001.984495 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA BU17Z UT WOS:000175261300071 ER PT B AU Swami, A Sadler, B Turner, J AF Swami, A Sadler, B Turner, J GP IEEE IEEE TI On the coexistence of ultra-wideband and narrowband radio systems SO 2001 MILCOM, VOLS 1 AND 2, PROCEEDINGS: COMMUNICATIONS FOR NETWORK-CENTRIC OPERATIONS: CREATING THE INFORMATION FORCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2001) CY OCT 28-31, 2001 CL MCLEAN, VA SP IEEE, ComSoc, AFCEA, EDS, MITRE DE ultra-wide band systems; interference analysis AB Ultra-wideband (UWB) signals will encounter many interference sources, primarily from relatively narrow-band (NB) systems. In addition, UWB signals will also affect a large number of NB radios; of critical importance is the potential interference with GPS, E-911, and navigation bands, as well as cellular bands. There is a rich and growing literature on UWB radios; however, issues related to interference measurements have only been partially addressed. Here, we assess the interference caused by UWB signals via analysis and simulations. Analytical results include the aggregate effect of spatially distributed UWB radios on a receiver, and theoretical BER expressions. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Swami, A (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-7225-5 PY 2001 BP 16 EP 19 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BV22G UT WOS:000178199600004 ER PT B AU Marvel, LM Boncelet, CG AF Marvel, LM Boncelet, CG GP IEEE IEEE TI Authentication for low power systems SO 2001 MILCOM, VOLS 1 AND 2, PROCEEDINGS: COMMUNICATIONS FOR NETWORK-CENTRIC OPERATIONS: CREATING THE INFORMATION FORCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2001) CY OCT 28-31, 2001 CL MCLEAN, VA SP IEEE, ComSoc, AFCEA, EDS, MITRE AB In this paper, we present a new method for authenticating messages. The method is suitable in situations where severe power or computational constraints prevent the use of conventional authentication algorithms. It is based on a computationally simple message authentication code (MAC) and the generation of a chain of keys that have a limited lifetime. Since tile generation of keys is computatioually intensive in comparison to the MAC, many messages may be authenticated during the lifespan of a single key. This minimizes power and memory usage without compromising the security of the key chain. Applicable scenarios for this fast, low power authentication will also be described. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Marvel, LM (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-7225-5 PY 2001 BP 135 EP 138 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BV22G UT WOS:000178199600025 ER PT B AU Nemeroff, J Garcia, L Hampel, D DiPierro, S AF Nemeroff, J Garcia, L Hampel, D DiPierro, S GP IEEE IEEE TI Application of sensor network communications SO 2001 MILCOM, VOLS 1 AND 2, PROCEEDINGS: COMMUNICATIONS FOR NETWORK-CENTRIC OPERATIONS: CREATING THE INFORMATION FORCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2001) CY OCT 28-31, 2001 CL MCLEAN, VA SP IEEE, ComSoc, AFCEA, EDS, MITRE AB The US Army's Future Combat Systems (FCS) will rely heavily on the use of remote, unattended sensors to detect, identify and track enemy targets in order to survive with less armor protection. Successful implementation of these critical sensor fields requires the realization of low cost transducers, processors and the communications infrastructure to report and disseminate sensor data to provide situational awareness to the FCS. The communications must support both static deployed and mobile ground and air robotic sensor arrays with robust, secure, stealthy, jam resistant links for sensor fusion and command and control. The applications and proliferation of such sensor arrays will ultimately depend on cost and performance. It is envisioned for broadest application that sensor networks can be deployed in a two tiered architecture that includes a lower sensor sub-layer consisting of acoustic, magnetic and/or seismic detectors and an tipper sub-layer consisting of infrared or visual cameras. The upper sub-layer can be cued by the lower sub-layer and provides a gateway link to higher echelon tactical networks such as the Tactical Internet. The sensor deployment geometries, networking constraints and distances to C2 nodes will be application specific. Application of the US Army CECOM Networked Sensors for the Objective Force (NSOF) communications technologies is shown in a notional FCS environment. C1 USA, CECOM, RDEC, Space & Terr Commun Directorate, Ft Monmouth, NJ USA. RP Nemeroff, J (reprint author), USA, CECOM, RDEC, Space & Terr Commun Directorate, Ft Monmouth, NJ USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-7225-5 PY 2001 BP 336 EP 341 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BV22G UT WOS:000178199600063 ER PT B AU Brand, J Hartwig, G AF Brand, J Hartwig, G GP IEEE IEEE TI Management of tactical ad hoc networks with C2 data models SO 2001 MILCOM, VOLS 1 AND 2, PROCEEDINGS: COMMUNICATIONS FOR NETWORK-CENTRIC OPERATIONS: CREATING THE INFORMATION FORCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2001) CY OCT 28-31, 2001 CL MCLEAN, VA SP IEEE, ComSoc, AFCEA, EDS, MITRE AB The Army Research Laboratory, is investigating the use of pre-loaded reference data for solving problems in tactical network-management. A tactical database, such as the Joint Common Database (JCDB), contains information about the tactical situation that can be used manage the reconfiguration of ad hoe networks. Because the structure of current networks closely follows organizational structure, the concept of Default Operational Organizations (DOO) is used as a starting point for this study. The DOO concept will be used to address the problem of managing IP addresses in rapidly changing ad hoc organizations while minimizing overhead traffic on congested or low-capacity networks. This investigation applies the concept of universal surrogate keys (USKs) to the management of network data within the JCDB based upon unique organization identifiers (Org-IDs). The network management data can thus be linked to tactical situational awareness data and to operational plans and orders. Proposed modifications to the Joint Data Model, the IDEFIX data model associated with the JCDB, have been developed to accommodate network management data and to relate the data to ad hoc and default organizations. A working model of the proposed database design has been developed using the Microsoft Access(TM) database management system. It was populated with notional trial data, and exercised with simple network data management tools. C1 USA, Res Lab, Computat & Informat Sci Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Brand, J (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Computat & Informat Sci Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-7225-5 PY 2001 BP 915 EP 922 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BV22G UT WOS:000178199600166 ER PT B AU Torrieri, D AF Torrieri, D GP IEEE IEEE TI Power-control problems caused by fast fading in a direct-sequence multiple-access network SO 2001 MILCOM, VOLS 1 AND 2, PROCEEDINGS: COMMUNICATIONS FOR NETWORK-CENTRIC OPERATIONS: CREATING THE INFORMATION FORCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2001) CY OCT 28-31, 2001 CL MCLEAN, VA SP IEEE, ComSoc, AFCEA, EDS, MITRE ID CDMA CELLULAR-SYSTEMS; PERFORMANCE AB When power control is used in a cellular network, the base station attempts to either directly or indirectly track the received power of the desired signal from a mobile. As the fading rate increases, the tracking ability of a direct sequence code-division multiple-access system deteriorates, and the power-control accuracy declines. It is shown that a large performance degradation occurs when the instantaneous signal level cannot be accurately measured, even when the channel-code interleaving is perfect. An alternative that is assumed by many authors is to measure a long-term-average signal level that averages out the fast fading effects. However, it is shown that this approach is less viable that? attempting to track the instantaneous signal level even if the latter results in large errors. C1 USA, Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. RP Torrieri, D (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-7225-5 PY 2001 BP 1394 EP 1398 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BV22G UT WOS:000178199600260 ER PT S AU Gilde, G Adams, JW Burkins, M Sutaria, M Rigali, MJ Franks, LP AF Gilde, G Adams, JW Burkins, M Sutaria, M Rigali, MJ Franks, LP BE Singh, M Jessen, T TI Processing aluminum oxide/titanium diboride composites for penetration resistance SO 25TH ANNUAL CONFERENCE ON COMPOSITES, ADVANCED CERAMICS, MATERIALS, AND STRUCTURES: A SE CERAMIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 25th Annual Conference on Composites, Advanced Ceramics, Materials and Structures CY JAN 21-27, 2001 CL COCOA BEACH, FL SP Amer Ceram Soc AB During the past ten years research on aluminum oxide/titanium diboride (Al(2)O3/TiB2) composites focused on exploiting their potential as a low cost armor ceramic. Limited ballistic data demonstrated that the microstructure has a dramatic effect on ballistic performance against long rod penetrators. With the "preferred" microstructure, the penetration resistance of Al2O3/TiB2 approached that of monolithic TiB2 ceramics. Challenges were encountered both in quantifying the microstructure and fabricating the desired microstructure. Against a steel 7.62mm armor piercing round no microstructural effect was observed. Ongoing research at the Army Research Laboratory (ARL) has focused on microstructure control during fabrication and correlation of microstructure with mechanical properties and penetration resistance of the composite. Composites have been made from mixed Al2O3 and TiB2 powders, as well as a composite Al2O3/TiB2 powder prepared via a self-propagating synthesis (SHS) reaction. Microstructural characterization, flexure strength, fracture toughness, elastic moduli and recent ballistic results will be reported. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Gilde, G (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 8 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-8720 USA SN 0196-6219 J9 CERAM ENG SCI PROC PY 2001 VL 22 IS 3 BP 331 EP 342 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Composites SC Engineering; Materials Science GA BW85N UT WOS:000183407900040 ER PT S AU Halbig, MC AF Halbig, MC BE Singh, M Jessen, T TI Stressed oxidation and modeling of C/SiC in oxidizing environments SO 25TH ANNUAL CONFERENCE ON COMPOSITES, ADVANCED CERAMICS, MATERIALS, AND STRUCTURES: A SE CERAMIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 25th Annual Conference on Composites, Advanced Ceramics, Materials and Structures CY JAN 21-27, 2001 CL COCOA BEACH, FL SP Amer Ceram Soc ID KINETICS; MATRIX AB Carbon fiber reinforced silicon carbide matrix composites (C/SiC) are a promising material for use in many high temperature structural applications. The proposed applications are primarily in aerospace, i.e., nozzles, thrusters, turbopumps, brakes, and heat shields. However, the susceptibility of carbon fiber to oxidation has hindered its application in long term and reusable applications. This is due to reductions in composite strength and life during exposure in oxidizing environments. In order to better understand environmental effects on C/SiC materials, stressed oxidation (creep rupture) tests were conducted in an air environment at sustained loads at elevated temperatures. A temperature within each of the two primary oxidation kinetics regimes (diffusion controlled and reaction controlled) was chosen. Microstructural analysis of tested samples, which show environmental degradation of carbon fibers, will be discussed. A finite difference model will be used to simulate the oxidation of carbon fiber in a silicon carbide matrix. The model is to be used for predicting composite life and/or strength reduction of C/SiC in elevated temperature oxidizing environments under sustained tensile load conditions. C1 NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Vehicle Technol Directorate, Army Res Labs, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. RP Halbig, MC (reprint author), NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Vehicle Technol Directorate, Army Res Labs, 2100 Brookpk Rd,MS 106-1, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. NR 8 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-8720 USA SN 0196-6219 J9 CERAM ENG SCI PROC PY 2001 VL 22 IS 3 BP 625 EP 632 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Composites SC Engineering; Materials Science GA BW85N UT WOS:000183407900072 ER PT S AU Klotz, B Cho, K Dowding, RJ Sisson, RD AF Klotz, B Cho, K Dowding, RJ Sisson, RD BE Singh, M Jessen, T TI Characterization of boron carbide consolidated by the plasma pressure compaction ((PC)-C-2) method in air SO 25TH ANNUAL CONFERENCE ON COMPOSITES, ADVANCED CERAMICS, MATERIALS, AND STRUCTURES: B SE CERAMIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 25th Annual Conference on Composites, Advanced Ceramics, Materials and Structures CY JAN 21-27, 2001 CL COCOA BEACH, FL SP Amer Ceram Soc AB Boron carbide (B4C) powder has been densified by a method of rapid powder consolidation known as Plasma Pressure Compaction ((PC)-C-2). This process offers the ability to subject the powder to a pulsed DC voltage, which is believed to generate interparticle plasma that acts to break down contaminant layers on particle surfaces. Uniaxial pressure and high-current continuous DC voltage are then applied to achieve consolidation. Three types of B4C powders with differing size distributions were characterized, then each was consolidated by the (PC)-C-2 method in air. Densities of samples increased with consolidation temperature. Higher densities were also achieved by using powder with a smaller particle size. Pulsing of the powder appeared to have no effect on the final density. Samples were consolidated by PZC to densities equal to those achieved by conventional hot pressing, but at a temperature of 400degreesC lower, 15 MPa less pressure, and 1/9 of the hold time. C1 USA, Res Lab, Weapons Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Klotz, B (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Weapons Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RI Dowding, Robert/F-1469-2015 OI Dowding, Robert/0000-0002-4763-2131 NR 11 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-8720 USA SN 0196-6219 J9 CERAM ENG SCI PROC PY 2001 VL 22 IS 4 BP 27 EP 34 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Composites SC Engineering; Materials Science GA BW85P UT WOS:000183408400004 ER PT B AU Bonneau, RJ AF Bonneau, RJ BE Cohen, CJ TI A multiple perspective spectral approach to object detection SO 30TH APPLIED IMAGERY PATTERN RECOGNITION WORKSHOP, PROCEEDINGS: ANALYSIS AND UNDERSTANDING OF TIME VARYING IMAGERY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 30th Annual Applied Imagery Pattern Recognition Workshop (AIPR 2001) CY OCT 10-12, 2001 CL WASHINGTON, D.C. SP IEEE Comp Soc, Tech Comm Pattern Anal & Machine Intelligence AB Many applications for detection of objects such as video analysis require that candidate objects be observed over a range of perspectives in 3 dimensional space. As a result we must have a robust model and detection process for these objects in order to accurately detect them through a range of geometric transformations. In order to keep our detection process computationally efficient, we use a compact multiresolution model to represent the range of geometric transformations possible in the object to be detected. Additionally, we form an integrated likelihood ratio detection statistic to optimize the detection performance over the entire space of targets being examined. To demonstrate the performance of this algorithm we apply our results to a compressed video sequence and show the improvement of our integrated three dimensional model as a function of model order. C1 USA, Res Lab, Radar Signal Proc Branch, Rome, NY 13441 USA. RP Bonneau, RJ (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Radar Signal Proc Branch, Rome, NY 13441 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 0-7695-1245-3 PY 2001 BP 115 EP 118 DI 10.1109/AIPR.2001.991212 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Cybernetics; Engineering, Biomedical; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Computer Science; Engineering; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BT89D UT WOS:000174364500018 ER PT J AU Abbrescia, KL Brabson, TA Dalsey, WC Kelly, JJ Kaplan, JL Young, TM Jenkins, D Chu, J Emery, MS AF Abbrescia, KL Brabson, TA Dalsey, WC Kelly, JJ Kaplan, JL Young, TM Jenkins, D Chu, J Emery, MS TI The effect of lower-extremity position on cerebrospinal fluid pressures SO ACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT SAEM Annual Meeting CY MAY, 1998 CL CHICAGO, ILLINOIS SP SAEM DE lumbar puncture; cerebrospinal fluid pressure; emergency medicine; procedures AB Objective: To determine the effects of lower-extremity positioning on cerebrospinal fluid opening pressure (CSFp). The authors believed that during lumbar puncture (LP), CSFp does not meaningfully decrease when the lower extremities are extended from flexion, as is often suggested. Methods: In a convenience sample of adult patients who clinically required LP in an urban emergency department, three sequential CSFp measurements were obtained in either sequence A (knee, hip, and neck flexion [90 degrees], then extension, then flexion) or sequence B (extension, flexion, then extension) prior to CSF withdrawal. The neck was flexed at 30 degrees when the lower extremities were flexed, while the thoracolumbar spine was kept in the neutral position for all measurements. Results: Nineteen patients were studied in each sequence. Although variable, overall within patient changes between positions were not clinically meaningful. Mean and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for the decrease in CSFp from position 1 to position 3 (same position) were 0.2 cm H2O (1.7%) and 0.9 to -0.6 cm H2O (6% to -2.7%), respectively. Changing from flexion to extension decreased pressure measurements by a mean of 0.9 cm H2O (2.5%) [95% CI = 2.1 to -0.1 cm H2O (7.6% to -2.4%)]. Changing from extension to flexion increased CSFp by a mean of 1.1 cm H2O (6.1%) [95% CI = 0.2 to 2.0 cm H2O (1.3% to 11.5%)], a statistically but not clinically meaningful change. Conclusions: Changing lower-extremity position did not meaningfully change mean CSFp. These data do not support the common suggestion that extending the lower extremities during LP meaningfully decreases CSF opening pressures. C1 Albert Einstein Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Philadelphia, PA 19141 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, San Antonio, TX USA. Philadelphia Coll Osteopath Med, Dept Emergency Med, Philadelphia, PA USA. Temple Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Philadelphia, PA 19140 USA. Robert Wood Johnson Univ Hosp, Dept Internal Med, New Brunswick, NJ USA. RP Kaplan, JL (reprint author), Albert Einstein Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, 5501 Old York Rd, Philadelphia, PA 19141 USA. NR 7 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU HANLEY & BELFUS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 210 S 13TH ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19107 USA SN 1069-6563 J9 ACAD EMERG MED JI Acad. Emerg. Med. PD JAN PY 2001 VL 8 IS 1 BP 8 EP 12 DI 10.1111/j.1553-2712.2001.tb00538.x PG 5 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 408GT UT WOS:000167319000002 PM 11136140 ER PT S AU Phillips, MA Hall, RL Hammon, RK Brackney, BA AF Phillips, MA Hall, RL Hammon, RK Brackney, BA BE Masten, MK Stockum, LA TI Development of simulation tools for the analysis of captive flight test data for imaging infrared missile seekers SO ACQUISITION, TRACKING, AND POINTING XV SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Acquisition, Tracking, and Pointing XV CY APR 18-19, 2001 CL ORLANDO, FL SP SPIE DE target tracking; trackability metrics; infrared imaging; captive flight test; integrated flight simulation AB This paper presents new simulation tools developed for the analysis of field and captive flight test data for imaging terminal homing missile systems. The analysis of field test data is required for both simulation validation and rapid design when development of a simulation model for each target and background scenario is cost or time prohibitive. In addition, the complex problem of resolving the inevitable performance differences between simulation and field test data be addressed. C1 USA, Aviat & Missile Command, Missile Guidance Directorate, Missile Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Phillips, MA (reprint author), USA, Aviat & Missile Command, Missile Guidance Directorate, Missile Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-4060-4 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2001 VL 4365 BP 26 EP 33 DI 10.1117/12.438054 PG 8 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Engineering; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BT24U UT WOS:000172421000004 ER PT S AU Mills, ST Hall, RL AF Mills, ST Hall, RL BE Masten, MK Stockum, LA TI The design of an IR/video imaging feature-based Autotracker for the Macintosh-hosted G4 Processor SO ACQUISITION, TRACKING, AND POINTING XV SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Acquisition, Tracking, and Pointing XV CY APR 18-19, 2001 CL ORLANDO, FL SP SPIE DE image processing; tracker; autotracker; vector processing; realtime; terminal homing AB The community of imaging missile system development is burdened by the custom build methodology for the implementation of Automatic Target Trackers (Autotrackers). Normally this is the most effective development path considering the high performance realtime requirements of an image processing system such as an Autotracker. However, with the progress made in modem and inexpensive compute platforms, it is now possible to achieve rapid insertion of the algorithm development platform with the sensor system, allowing refinement of algorithms and establishing known performance limits early in the development cycle. In past programs the Autotracker was often overlooked in importance, and was not given the financial resources for effective development within the system. In order to overcome this short coming, a cost effective Autotracker platform has been developed which can be readily inserted into most systems with minimum and sometimes no additional hardware or software required. We describe the hardware and interface design of a realtime multi-mode Terminal-homing Missile Autotracker that has been optimized to utilize the vector functionality of the Macintosh resident G4 Processor. C1 USA, AMCOM, AMRDEC, AMSAM RD MG IP, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Mills, ST (reprint author), USA, AMCOM, AMRDEC, AMSAM RD MG IP, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-4060-4 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2001 VL 4365 BP 58 EP 62 DI 10.1117/12.438057 PG 5 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Engineering; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BT24U UT WOS:000172421000007 ER PT S AU Harkins, T Davis, B Hepner, D AF Harkins, T Davis, B Hepner, D BE Masten, MK Stockum, LA TI Novel on-board sensor systems for making angular measurements on spinning projectiles SO ACQUISITION, TRACKING, AND POINTING XV SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Acquisition, Tracking, and Pointing XV CY APR 18-19, 2001 CL ORLANDO, FL SP SPIE DE spinning projectiles; magnetic sensors; optical sensors; angular motions AB Novel sensor systems have been developed at the Army Research Laboratory (ARL) to provide continuous accurate angular measurements for spinning projectiles in fi-ee flight. These systems, which directly measure angular orientations, are distinct from angular rate sensor methodologies that require integration of these rates to estimate angular orientations. Also, many traditional rate sensors are expensive, voluminous and not well-suited to the high-g launch and high spin environment of many projectile-borne munitions. Recent advances in commercially-available magnetic sensors have yielded devices small enough, rugged enough, and/or sensitive enough to be used in body-fixed sensor constellations to make high-speed, high-resolution measurements of attitude and roll rate relative to earth's magnetic field. The addition of a complimentary sensor system measuring orientation relative to another distinct earth-fixed field of known orientation provides the information required to mathematically determine the absolute angular orientation of a spinning body within any desired navigation system, e.g., north, east, and vertical. Such a dual-field measurement system has been implemented utilizing a unique constellation of magnetoresistive sensors and ARL Solar Likeness Indicating Transducers (SLIT) to determine angular orientation with respect to the magnetic and solar fields, respectively. The mathematical foundations of this dual-field sensor system will be summarized and flight experiments of prototype systems will be discussed. C1 USA, Ballist Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Harkins, T (reprint author), USA, Ballist Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-4060-4 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2001 VL 4365 BP 176 EP 187 DI 10.1117/12.438045 PG 12 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Engineering; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BT24U UT WOS:000172421000019 ER PT S AU Pellegrino, PM Fell, NF Gillespie, JB AF Pellegrino, PM Fell, NF Gillespie, JB BE VoDinh, T Buttgenbach, S TI Trace chemical vapor detection by photothermal interferometry SO ADVANCED ENVIRONMENTAL AND CHEMICAL SENSING TECHNOLOGY SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Advanced Environmental and Chemical Sensing Technology CY NOV 05-08, 2000 CL BOSTON, MA SP SPIE DE photothermal interferometry; organo-phosphate; trace gas detection ID ABSORPTION; LIQUIDS AB Photothermal interferometry has been demonstrated as a technique that can detect vapors with extremely high sensitivity (parts-per-trillion levels). Our present research uses a photothermal detection scheme that incorporates tunable sources and a modified Jamin interferometric design to provide high selectivity and sensitivity for organo-phosphate vapor detection. Two possible tunable excitation sources are being studied for this sensor technology, a tunable CO2 laser and difference frequency mixing of a tunable NIR laser with a fixed wavelength NIR laser in a nonlinear crystal. The modified Jamin design imparts superior vibrational immunity by ensuring both interferometer beams encounter common optical elements. Examining the two complementary optical outputs of the interferometer, phase shifts on microradian levels have been detected. Trace chemical vapor detection is accomplished by introducing the tunable excitation laser source across the path of one interferometer beam providing a phase shift due to absorptive heating. Preliminary results indicated parts-per-billion level detection of both DMMP and DIMP using similar to 400mW of CO2 laser power at appropriate wavelengths. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Pellegrino, PM (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-3870-7 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2001 VL 4205 BP 12 EP 17 DI 10.1117/12.417441 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Environmental; Instruments & Instrumentation; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Optics SC Computer Science; Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Materials Science; Optics GA BS25V UT WOS:000169244400002 ER PT S AU Walsh, SM Butler, JC Belk, JH Lawler, RA AF Walsh, SM Butler, JC Belk, JH Lawler, RA BE Kundu, T TI Development of a structurally compatible sensor element SO ADVANCED NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION FOR STRUCTURAL AND BIOLOGICAL HEALTH MONITORING SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Advanced Nondestructive Evaluation for Structural and Biological Health Monitoring CY MAR 06-08, 2001 CL NEWPORT BEACH, CA SP SPIE DE remote query; embedded sensors; wireless; spiral inductor; intelligent materials ID LOW-TEMPERATURE; FILM INDUCTORS; MICROINDUCTORS AB The increased use of polymer adhesives and polymer-based composites in primary structural applications has stimulated the need for a minimally invasive, structurally compatible means for assessing the in-situ health of these materials during the service life of the structure or component. While there are several approaches, the present research has implicitly included structural compatibility as a constraint in the design, fabrication, and installation of such embedded "structural health" monitoring sensors, A non-contact method of extracting information from the embedded sensors has also been developed, and a working prototype has been devised. The issues associated with manufacturing stable, minimally invasive sensors will be presented, together with a series of potential applications including rotary wing systems such as the Comanche and ground vehicles such as the Crusader and the Future Combat Systems. The advantages of the proposed embedded sensor concept include low cost, ease of installation, unitized construction, compatibility with the host polymer matrix, and a wireless means of retrieving data from the embedded sensor element. The need for an embedded power source has also been eliminated, allowing the sensors to assume a low profile and dimensional stability. C1 USA, Ballist Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Walsh, SM (reprint author), USA, Ballist Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-4021-3 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2001 VL 4335 BP 63 EP 73 DI 10.1117/12.434202 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BU37T UT WOS:000175830100008 ER PT S AU Tempkin, JA Nelson, DJ AF Tempkin, JA Nelson, DJ BE Luk, FT TI A spectral phase algorithm for detecting and estimating pitch SO ADVANCED SIGNAL PROCESSING ALGORITHMS, ARCHITECTURES, AND IMPLEMENTATIONS XI SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Advanced Signal Processing Algorithms, Architectures, and Implementations XI CY AUG 01-03, 2001 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP SPIE AB We describe a fast and efficient algorithm for automatic detection and estimation of the fundamental frequency F0 of a harmonic time-domain signal. The method is based on differentiation of the short time Fourier transform (STFT) phase, which is implemented as a cross-spectral product. In estimating and isolating the fundamental frequency, several enhancement processes are developed and applied to the TF surface to improve the signal quality. We describe the algorithm in detail and demonstrate the processing gain achieved at each step. In addition, we apply the algorithm to human speech to recover the pitch fundamental F0 and report the evaluation of the algorithm's performance on the Western Michigan vowel corpus [3]. C1 USA, Dept Def, Ft George G Meade, MD 20755 USA. RP Nelson, DJ (reprint author), USA, Dept Def, R523, Ft George G Meade, MD 20755 USA. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-4188-0 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2001 VL 4474 BP 45 EP 56 AR UNSP 4474-06 DI 10.1117/12.448687 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Mathematics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Mathematics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Telecommunications GA BU13T UT WOS:000175127100006 ER PT S AU Sands, JM Wetzel, ED AF Sands, JM Wetzel, ED BE Falcone, A Nelson, KM Albers, R Avery, WB TI Induction processed adhesives for military applications SO ADVANCING AFFORDABLE MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY SE INTERNATIONAL SAMPE TECHNICAL CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 33rd International SAMPE Technical Conference CY NOV 05-08, 2001 CL SEATTLE, WA SP Soc Advancement Mat & Process Engn, Seattle Chapter DE adhesives; epoxy resin; induction heating; induction curing AB Adhesive bonding for repair of large military structures is a critical area of need for the U.S. Army as proposed new composite structures begin to enter Engineering Manufacturing Development (EMD) status. Among the critical technologies being investigated is field repair methods for thick section composite materials, such as composite integral armors, A promising alternative to thermal cure using heat-blankets is induction-based processing, which utilizes an electromagnetic field to induce heating in the adhesive bondline in order to cause rapid cure of thermosetting repair adhesives. Induction-based processing can eliminate gradients in elevated cured adhesives and reduce overall cure times. The Army is presently developing a series of self-regulating adhesive systems that cure by induction heating methods. One key to achieving induction-cured adhesives is a demonstrated method of self-regulating the heat generation to selected cure temperatures. The Army is using materials that cure adhesive pastes at predefined cure temperatures for elevated cure processing - eliminating external monitoring and control equipment, and additionally, providing uniform heating in complex composite bonding environments. Adhesive materials are currently being explored and developed to obtain high-performance adhesives for military applications. The Army envisions use of self-regulating adhesive technology as a key to field repair of proposed composite platforms such as Comanche, Crusader, and other Future Combat System vehicle structures. C1 USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Sands, JM (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC ADVANCEMENT MATERIAL & PROCESS ENGINEERING PI COVINA PA 1161 PARKVIEW DR,, COVINA, CA 91724-3748 USA SN 0892-2624 BN 0-938994-91-3 J9 INT SAMPE TECH CONF PY 2001 VL 33 BP 383 EP 392 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA BT76Y UT WOS:000173976200035 ER PT S AU Walsh, SM Rigas, EJ Allende, M Tackitt, K AF Walsh, SM Rigas, EJ Allende, M Tackitt, K BE Falcone, A Nelson, KM Albers, R Avery, WB TI Minimizing cycle time and part mark-off in the FASTRAC process SO ADVANCING AFFORDABLE MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY SE INTERNATIONAL SAMPE TECHNICAL CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 33rd International SAMPE Technical Conference CY NOV 05-08, 2001 CL SEATTLE, WA SP Soc Advancement Mat & Process Engn, Seattle Chapter DE vacuum infusion; manufacturing/fabrication/processing; prototype; FCS AB The FASTRAC process is emerging as one of the lowest cost, highest laborsaving manufacturing methods for vacuum-based infusion of polymer composite structures and components, Unlike other commercially available processes such as SCRIMP(TM), FASTRAC eliminates the need for the installation, removal, and disposal of distribution media between the preform and the primary vacuum bag. Eliminating these process steps translates into immediate and quantifiable cost savings which become especially significant when one considers low to intermediate manufacturing cycles of large, integrated structures. The key to the FASTRAC process is its ability to create "temporary" channels in the primary vacuum bag, thus accelerating the impregnation of the preform with resin. These channels can then be collapsed, minimizing surface "mark-off" of the part, The present research effort is focused on characterizing the process for more demanding applications that require minimal embossing of both surfaces of a finished composite part, as well as applications which require rapid impregnation. This paper presents details of experiments conducted to demonstrate the successful modifications of the FASTRAC process, including quantitative measurements of surface quality and total resin fill times. Efforts to implement the FASTRAC process in actual manufacturing settings will also be discussed. C1 USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Walsh, SM (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC ADVANCEMENT MATERIAL & PROCESS ENGINEERING PI COVINA PA 1161 PARKVIEW DR,, COVINA, CA 91724-3748 USA SN 0892-2624 BN 0-938994-91-3 J9 INT SAMPE TECH CONF PY 2001 VL 33 BP 1398 EP 1407 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA BT76Y UT WOS:000173976200123 ER PT B AU Shoenberger, JE AF Shoenberger, JE BE Buttlar, WG Naughton, JE TI Skid resistance of rejuvenated airfield pavements SO ADVANCING AIRFIELD PAVEMENTS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 27th International Air Transportation Conference CY AUG 05-08, 2001 CL CHICAGO, IL SP Air Transport Div, Airfield Pavement Comm AB Various rejuvenating materials were applied on different airfield pavements. With correct application rates and in some instances the use of sand, a rejuvenated pavement can generally provide satisfactory levels of skid resistance. C1 USA, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Shoenberger, JE (reprint author), USA, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Waterways Expt Stn, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA UNITED ENGINEERING CENTER, 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 USA BN 0-7844-0579-4 PY 2001 BP 219 EP 228 PG 10 WC Engineering, Civil; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Materials Science, Composites; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Materials Science; Transportation GA BU30H UT WOS:000175611700019 ER PT J AU Lumley, LA Robison, C Chen, WK Saviolakis, GA Meyerhoff, JL AF Lumley, LA Robison, C Chen, WK Saviolakis, GA Meyerhoff, JL TI Social defeat in C57BL/6 mice induces exaggerated fear and inhibits territorial marking in response to an aggressor's urine SO AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOR LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Neuroendocrinol, Div Neurosci, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0096-140X J9 AGGRESSIVE BEHAV JI Aggressive Behav. PY 2001 VL 27 IS 3 BP 198 EP 198 PG 1 WC Behavioral Sciences; Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Behavioral Sciences; Psychology GA 428VN UT WOS:000168482500071 ER PT J AU Polonis, VR De Souza, MS Chanbancherd, P Chantakulkij, S Jugsudee, A Loomis-Price, LD Vancott, TC Garner, R Markowitz, LE Brown, AE Birx, DL AF Polonis, VR De Souza, MS Chanbancherd, P Chantakulkij, S Jugsudee, A Loomis-Price, LD Vancott, TC Garner, R Markowitz, LE Brown, AE Birx, DL TI HIV type 1 subtype E-infected patients with broadened, dual (B/E) V3 loop serology have increased cross-neutralizing antibodies SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; HUMAN MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; YOUNG THAI MEN; T-CELL-LINE; VACCINE DEVELOPMENT; ENZYME-IMMUNOASSAY; GENETIC SUBTYPES; VIRAL GENOTYPE; AMINO-ACID; ENVELOPE AB The two prevalent subtypes of HIV-1 circulating in Thailand are subtypes E and B, While the most prevalent subtype continues to be E using molecular typing assays, immunologically, a subset of subtype E-infected patients (3.4% in 1997) have binding antibodies to both the E and B V3 loops in a peptide ELISA. To assess the potential function of this dual (B/E) V3 reactivity, plasmas from patients with genetically defined HIV-1 subtype E infection and either E or B/E V3 serotypes were compared for magnitude and breadth of neutralization of seven primary and laboratory-adapted subtype B and E viruses, Dually reactive (B/E) plasmas showed significantly increased cross-neutralizing activity against subtype B viruses (p < 0.001), and increased neutralization of the panel of viruses overall (p < 0.02), as compared to monoreactive E serotype plasmas, While the total envelope binding antibody titers to both subtype B and E envelopes did not differ significantly between the E, and B/E plasmas, 67% of B/E plasmas neutralized >50% of the viruses in the panel, and only 14% of E plasmas showed this broadened neutralizing activity, These data suggest that dual (B/E) V3 loop reactivity may be a marker of broader immune recognition of HIV envelope epitopes in subtype E-infected patients, V3 loop antibody, perhaps in conjunction with antibodies to additional epitopes, may play a role in neutralization of virus isolates from Thailand. C1 Henry M Jackson Fdn, Dept Retrovirol, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. AIP, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Ctr Dis Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. RP Polonis, VR (reprint author), Henry M Jackson Fdn, Dept Retrovirol, 13 Taft Court, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. NR 65 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD JAN 1 PY 2001 VL 17 IS 1 BP 69 EP 79 DI 10.1089/088922201750056807 PG 11 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 394LP UT WOS:000166525800006 PM 11177385 ER PT B AU Jones, BK Kirsch, JC AF Jones, BK Kirsch, JC BE Javidi, B Psaltis, D TI Evaluation of the real time optical filter generation correlator SO ALGORITHMS AND SYSTEMS FOR OPTICAL INFORMATION PROCESSING V LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Algorithms and Systems for Optical Information Processing V CY JUL 31-AUG 02, 2001 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP SPIE DE region of interest camera; optical image correlation; multiple quantum well modulator; real-time filter generation AB Optical correlators using spatial light modulators in the filter plane have been discussed and presented for many years. In most cases, these devices are electrically addressed modulators and the filters are generated off-line in software. These filters can be tailored to fit the desired application but cannot be adjusted to account for real-time changes in the target appearance. In addition, building filters to account for all of the possible viewing configurations can strain the reference database and the memory storage capability of the system. Recently, a correlator architecture that used an optically addressed, multiple quantum well (MQW) spatial light modulator as the filter plane device was presented. The architecture is a modified Vander Lugt correlator with and additional input modulator. The filter formed by the interference of the reference image beam and the reference beam is recorded on the MQW spatial light modulator. The recorded filter retains the full complex information as high-resolution film did years ago. Additionally, the filter can be updated simply by changing the pattern on the reference input modulator. The second input modulator is used to address this stored filter in - a normal correlator read-out configuration. The correlator has been completed and results will be presented as part of this paper. C1 US Army Aviat & Missile Command, AMSAM RD WS PL, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Jones, BK (reprint author), US Army Aviat & Missile Command, AMSAM RD WS PL, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA BN 0-8194-4185-6 PY 2001 BP 81 EP 89 AR UNSP 4471-10 DI 10.1117/12.449326 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Computer Science; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BU13S UT WOS:000175126800011 ER PT B AU Kirsch, JC Jones, BK Banish, M Ranganath, H Viviano, JN AF Kirsch, JC Jones, BK Banish, M Ranganath, H Viviano, JN BE Javidi, B Psaltis, D TI Electrical and optical implementations of the PCNN SO ALGORITHMS AND SYSTEMS FOR OPTICAL INFORMATION PROCESSING V LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Algorithms and Systems for Optical Information Processing V CY JUL 31-AUG 02, 2001 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP SPIE DE pulse coupled neural network; preprocessor; smart imager; image processing; post-processing AB Pulse couple neural networks (PCNN) have demonstrated some very desirable properties. Chief among these is its ability to segment images very rapidly and very well. This capability has been demonstrated with many different types of imagery including synthetic aperture radar imagery, infrared imagery, optical correlator output imagery, and medical diagnostic imagery. Most of the implementations of this network have been done in software. Several attempts have been made to build electronic versions with varying degrees of success. Recently, an Army Phase II SBIR was awarded to incorporate a PCNN in a smart detector for both military and medical applications. One of the inherent difficulties in building an electronic PCNN is implementing the linking field that is the strength of this network. An optical implementation of the linking would potentially simplify the problem and take advantage of the inherent parallelism of optics. The resultant hardware could be simpler and faster than previous implementations making it an attractive solution. This paper will discuss the current status of the SBIR program, and present possible optical implementations using recently developed Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser arrays. C1 US Army Aviat & Missile Command, AMSAM RD WS PL, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Kirsch, JC (reprint author), US Army Aviat & Missile Command, AMSAM RD WS PL, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA BN 0-8194-4185-6 PY 2001 BP 147 EP 158 AR UNSP 4471-16 DI 10.1117/12.449332 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Computer Science; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BU13S UT WOS:000175126800017 ER PT S AU Simi, C Hill, A Kling, H LaSota, C Zadnik, J Parish, J Deaver, J AF Simi, C Hill, A Kling, H LaSota, C Zadnik, J Parish, J Deaver, J BE Shen, SS Descour, MR TI Night Vision Imaging Spectrometer (NVIS) calibration and configuration: Recent developments SO ALGORITHMS FOR MULTISPECTRAL, HYPERSPECTRAL AND ULTRASPECTRAL IMAGERY VII SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Algorithms for Multispectral, Hyperspectral, and Ultraspectral Imagery VII CY APR 16-19, 2001 CL ORLANDO, FL SP SPIE DE hyperspectral sensor; imaging spectrometer; NVIS; NVESD; calibration; roll-correction; geolocation AB The Night Vision Imaging Spectrometer (NVIS) system has participated in a large variety of hyperspectral data collections for the Department of Defense. A large number of improvements to this system have been undertaken. They include the implementation of a calibration process that utilizes inflight calibration units (IFCU). Other improvements include the completion and implementation of an updated laboratory wavelength assignments map which provide precise bandwidth profiles of every NVIS pixel. NVESD has recently incorporated a Boeing C-MIGITS II INS/DGPS system, which allows geo-rectification of every frame of NVIS data. A PC-based Dual Real Time Recorder DRTR was developed to extend the collection capability of the sensor and allow the concurrent collection of data from other devices. The DRTR collects data from the NVIS, a Dalsa imager, and data from the CMIGITS-II (CIA code Miniature Integrated GPS/INS Tactical System) which provides navigation information. The integration of the CIMGITS-II allows every data frame of both the NVIS and the DALSA to be stamped with INS/GPS information. The DRTR software can also provide real-time waterfall displays of the data being collected. This paper will review the recent improvements to the NVIS system. C1 USA, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Simi, C (reprint author), USA, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, 10221 Burbeck Rd,STE 430, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. NR 1 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-4076-0 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2001 VL 4381 BP 109 EP 117 DI 10.1117/12.436998 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Spectroscopy SC Engineering; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Spectroscopy GA BT24W UT WOS:000172421200010 ER PT S AU Simi, C Dixon, R Schlangen, M Winter, E LaSota, C AF Simi, C Dixon, R Schlangen, M Winter, E LaSota, C BE Shen, SS Descour, MR TI Night Vision Imaging Spectrometer (NVIS) processing and viewing tools SO ALGORITHMS FOR MULTISPECTRAL, HYPERSPECTRAL AND ULTRASPECTRAL IMAGERY VII SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Algorithms for Multispectral, Hyperspectral, and Ultraspectral Imagery VII CY APR 16-19, 2001 CL ORLANDO, FL SP SPIE DE hyperspectral; processing tools; calibration; detection algorithms; NVIS AB The US Army's Night Vision and Electronic Sensors Directorate (NVESD) has developed software tools for processing, viewing, and analyzing hyperspectral data. The tools were specifically developed for use with the U.S. Army's NVESD Night Vision Imaging Spectrometer (NVIS), but they can also be used to process hyperspectral data in a variety of other formats. The first of these tools is the NVESD Hyperspectral Data Processor, which is used to create a calibrated datacube from raw hyperspectral data files. It can calibrate raw NVIS data to spectral radiance units, perform spectral re-alignment, and can co-register imagery from NVIS's VNIR and SWIR subsystems. The second tool is the NVESD Hyperspectral Viewer, which can display focal plane data, generate images, and compute spatial and temporal statistics, produce data histograms, estimate spectral correlation, compute signal-to-clutter ratios, etc. Additionally, this software tool has recently been modified to utilize the INS/GPS data that is currently embedded into NVIS data as well as the high-resolution imagery (HRI) that is collected simultaneously. Furthering its capabilities, Technical Research Associates (IRA) has added the following detection algorithms to the Viewer: N-FINDR, PC and MNF Transformations, Spectral Angle Mapper, and R-X. The purpose of these software developments is to provide the DoD and other Government agencies with a variety of tools, which are not only applicable to NVIS data but also can be applied to other hyperspectral data. C1 USA, NVESD, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Simi, C (reprint author), USA, NVESD, 10221 Burbeck Rd, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-4076-0 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2001 VL 4381 BP 118 EP 128 DI 10.1117/12.436999 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Spectroscopy SC Engineering; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Spectroscopy GA BT24W UT WOS:000172421200011 ER PT S AU Simi, C Winter, E Williams, M Driscoll, D AF Simi, C Winter, E Williams, M Driscoll, D BE Shen, SS Descour, MR TI COMPACT Airborne Spectral Sensor (COMPASS) SO ALGORITHMS FOR MULTISPECTRAL, HYPERSPECTRAL AND ULTRASPECTRAL IMAGERY VII SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Algorithms for Multispectral, Hyperspectral, and Ultraspectral Imagery VII CY APR 16-19, 2001 CL ORLANDO, FL SP SPIE DE hyperspectral; solar reflective; Offner spectrometer; NIRFPA; whisk-broom scan AB The COMPACT Airborne Spectral Sensor (COMPASS) design is intended to demonstrate a new design concept for solar reflective hyper spectral systems for the Government. Capitalizing from recent focal plane developments, the COMPASS system utilizes a single FPA to cover the 0.4-2.35 mum spectral region. This system also utilizes an Offner spectrometer design as well as an electron etched lithography curved grating technology pioneered by NASA/JPL. This paper also discusses the technical trades, which drove the design selection of COMPASS. When completed, the core COMPASS spectrometer design could be used in a large variety of configurations on a variety of aircraft. C1 USA, NVESD, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Simi, C (reprint author), USA, NVESD, 10221 Burbeck Rd, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. NR 5 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-4076-0 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2001 VL 4381 BP 129 EP 136 DI 10.1117/12.437000 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Spectroscopy SC Engineering; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Spectroscopy GA BT24W UT WOS:000172421200012 ER PT S AU Simi, CG Winter, EM Schlangen, MJ Hill, AB AF Simi, CG Winter, EM Schlangen, MJ Hill, AB BE Shen, SS Descour, MR TI On-board processing for the COMPASS SO ALGORITHMS FOR MULTISPECTRAL, HYPERSPECTRAL AND ULTRASPECTRAL IMAGERY VII SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Algorithms for Multispectral, Hyperspectral, and Ultraspectral Imagery VII CY APR 16-19, 2001 CL ORLANDO, FL SP SPIE DE detection; endmember; hyperspectral; autonomous ID HYPERSPECTRAL DATA AB The Compact Airborne Spectral Sensor (COMPASS) is a hyperspectral sensor covering the 400 to 2350 nm spectral region using a single focal plane and a very compact optical system. In addition, COMPASS will include a high-resolution panchromatic imager. With its compact design and its fall spectral coverage throughout the visible, near infrared and SV K COMPASS represents a major step forward in the practical utilization of hyperspectral sensors for military operations. COMPASS will be deployed on a variety of airborne platforms for the detection of military objects of interest. There was considerable interest in the development of an on-board processor for COMPASS. The purpose of this processor is to calibrate the data and detect military targets in complex background clutter. Because of their ability to operate on truly hyperspectral data consisting of a hundred or more bands, linear unmixing algorithms were selected for the detection processor. The N-FINDR algorithm that automatically finds endmembers and then unmixes the scene was selected for real-time implementation. In addition, a recently developed detection algorithm, Stochastic Target Detection (STD), which was specifically designed for compatibility with linear unmixing algorithms, was chosen for the detection step. The N-FINDR/STD algorithm pair was first tested on a variety of hyperspectral data sets to determine its performance level relative to existing hyperspectral algorithms (such as RX) using Receiver Operator Curves (ROC) as the basis. Following completion of the testing, a hardware implementation of a real time processor for COMPASS using commercial off-the-shelf computer technology was designed. The COMPASS on-board processor will consist of the following elements: preprocessing, N-FINDR endmember determination and linear unmixing, the STD target detection step, and the selection of a High Resolution Image Chip covering the target arm Computer resource projections have shown that these functions, along with supporting interactive display functions, can operate in real-time on COMPASS data using multi-processor Pentium III class processors. C1 USA, NVESD, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Winter, EM (reprint author), Tech Res Associates Inc, Camarillo, CA 93010 USA. NR 5 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-4076-0 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2001 VL 4381 BP 137 EP 142 DI 10.1117/12.437001 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Spectroscopy SC Engineering; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Spectroscopy GA BT24W UT WOS:000172421200013 ER PT S AU Ifarraguerri, A Jensen, JO AF Ifarraguerri, A Jensen, JO BE Shen, SS Descour, MR TI Chemical Imaging System: Current status and challenges SO ALGORITHMS FOR MULTISPECTRAL, HYPERSPECTRAL AND ULTRASPECTRAL IMAGERY VII SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Algorithms for Multispectral, Hyperspectral, and Ultraspectral Imagery VII CY APR 16-19, 2001 CL ORLANDO, FL SP SPIE DE Chemical Imaging System; imaging spectrometer; TurboFT; vapor detection AB The Chemical Imaging System (CIS) is a small, high-speed long-wave infrared (8 - 12 mum) imaging spectrometer which is currently under development by the United States Army. The fielded system will operate at 360 scans per second with a large format focal-plane-array. The CIS, which is currently at the exploratory development stage, is scheduled for transition to engineering development in 2005. Currently, the CIS uses the TurboFT FTS in conjunction with a 16-pixel direct-wired HgCdTe detector array. The TurboFT spectrometer provides high-speed operation in a small, lightweight package. In parallel to the hardware developments an algorithm and software development effort is underway to address some unique features of the CIS. The TurboFT-based system requires a non-uniform sampling Fourier transform algorithm in order to preserve signal fidelity. Also, the availability of multiple pixels can be exploited in order to improve the interference suppression capabilities of the system by allowing the detection and identification algorithm to adapt its parameters to the changing background. Due to the enormous amount of data generated, the signal processing must proceed at very high rate. High-speed computers operating with a parallel architecture are required to process the data in real time. This paper describes the current CIS "bread box" system. It includes some field measurement results followed by a discussion of the issues and challenges associated with meeting the design goals set for the program. C1 USA, SBCCOM, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, AMSSB RRT DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Ifarraguerri, A (reprint author), USA, SBCCOM, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, AMSSB RRT DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-4076-0 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2001 VL 4381 BP 143 EP 149 DI 10.1117/12.437002 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Spectroscopy SC Engineering; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Spectroscopy GA BT24W UT WOS:000172421200014 ER PT S AU Rand, RS Keenan, DM AF Rand, RS Keenan, DM BE Shen, SS Descour, MR TI A Gibbs-based unsupervised segmentation approach to partitioning hyperspectral imagery for terrain applications SO ALGORITHMS FOR MULTISPECTRAL, HYPERSPECTRAL AND ULTRASPECTRAL IMAGERY VII SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Algorithms for Multispectral, Hyperspectral, and Ultraspectral Imagery VII CY APR 16-19, 2001 CL ORLANDO, FL SP SPIE DE Gibbs-based algorithm; Markov Random Field; partitioning; clustering; spectral mixture analysis; hyperspectral imagery AB A Gibbs-based approach to partitioning hyperspectral imagery into homogeneous regions is investigated for terrain mapping applications. The form of Bayesian estimation, Maximum A Posteriori (MAP) estimation, is applied through the use of a Gibbs distribution defined over a neighborhood system and is implemented as a multi-grid process. Appropriate energy functions and neighborhood graph structures are investigated, which model spectral disparities in an image using spectral angle and/or Euclidean distance. Experiments are conducted on a HYDICE scene collected over an area adjacent to Fort Hood, Texas, that contains a diverse range of terrain features and that is supported with ground truth. Suitable parameter ranges are investigated,and the behavior of the algorithm is characterized using individual and combined measures of disparity within the context of a more general framework, one that supports mixed-pixel processing. C1 USA, Erdc, Topog Engn Ctr, Alexandria, VA 22315 USA. RP Rand, RS (reprint author), USA, Erdc, Topog Engn Ctr, Alexandria, VA 22315 USA. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-4076-0 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2001 VL 4381 BP 275 EP 285 DI 10.1117/12.437018 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Spectroscopy SC Engineering; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Spectroscopy GA BT24W UT WOS:000172421200028 ER PT S AU Bosch, EH Rand, RS AF Bosch, EH Rand, RS BE Shen, SS Descour, MR TI Evaluation of a matrix factorization method for data reduction and the unsupervised clustering of hyperspectral data using second order statistics SO ALGORITHMS FOR MULTISPECTRAL, HYPERSPECTRAL AND ULTRASPECTRAL IMAGERY VII SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Algorithms for Multispectral, Hyperspectral, and Ultraspectral Imagery VII CY APR 16-19, 2001 CL ORLANDO, FL SP SPIE DE dimension reduction; unsupervised clustering; second order statistics; hyperspectral databases AB We investigate a hyperspectral data reduction technique based on a matrix factorization method using the notion of linear independence instead of information measure, as an alternative to Principal Component Analysis (PCA) or the Karhunen-Loeve Transform. The technique is applied to a hyperspectral database whose spectral samples are known. We proceed to cluster such dimension-reduced databases with an unsupervised second order statistics clustering method and we compare those results to those produced by first order statistics. We illustrate the above methodology by applying it to several spectral databases. Since we know the class to which each sample belongs to in the database, we can effectively assess the algorithms' clustering/classification accuracy. In addition to using unsupervised clustering of data for purposes of image segmentation, we investigate this algorithm as a means for improving the integrity of spectral databases by removing spurious samples. C1 USA, Topog Engn Ctr, Alexandria, VA 22315 USA. RP Bosch, EH (reprint author), USA, Topog Engn Ctr, 7701 Teleg Rd, Alexandria, VA 22315 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-4076-0 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2001 VL 4381 BP 296 EP 307 DI 10.1117/12.437020 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Spectroscopy SC Engineering; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Spectroscopy GA BT24W UT WOS:000172421200030 ER PT S AU Anderson, JE Satterwhite, MB AF Anderson, JE Satterwhite, MB BE Shen, SS Descour, MR TI Optical profiles for the lower James River estuary and non-tidal, headwater reaches of the James River SO ALGORITHMS FOR MULTISPECTRAL, HYPERSPECTRAL AND ULTRASPECTRAL IMAGERY VII SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Algorithms for Multispectral, Hyperspectral, and Ultraspectral Imagery VII CY APR 16-19, 2001 CL ORLANDO, FL SP SPIE ID ALGAE AB Spectral reflectance measurements were acquired at various viewing angles at three sites along the James River representing both tidal and non-tidal waters. The upper James River reaches were characterized by optically clear waters and resulted in spectral measurements that represented bottom substrates. In contrast, the lower James River sites were characterized by turbid waters having high suspended sediment and algal chlorophyll. Concurrent pyranometer measurements showed the maximum downwelling radiation occurring from 1030 to 1330 local sun time. During this period, two strategies emerged for consideration when collecting water column reflectance data. In optically clear waters, statistical analysis using the variance of the 575 nm waveband (as a reference) showed a nadir viewing angle (90 degrees) and upsun (+30 degrees) off-axis viewing angle were the most effective at characterizing the bottom substrates. The conclusion drawn for optically clear waters was that (independent of sun angle), nadir position of the sensor optics is critical, but confident measurements can still be acquired up to +30 degrees off-axis. In contrast, lower James River sites (turbid reaches) showed no correlation between the nadir and off-axis measurements using the variance of the 680 ran chlorophyll absorption line. Furthermore, the conclusions drawn from these reaches demonstrated that reflectance data are best acquired at nadir viewing angles for highly turbid waters. These measurements could have implications for both non-imaging and imaging remote sensor data. C1 US Army ERDC Topog Engn Ctr, Alexandria, VA 22315 USA. RP Anderson, JE (reprint author), US Army ERDC Topog Engn Ctr, Alexandria, VA 22315 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-4076-0 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2001 VL 4381 BP 489 EP 498 DI 10.1117/12.437040 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Spectroscopy SC Engineering; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Spectroscopy GA BT24W UT WOS:000172421200049 ER PT S AU Nguyen, L Sichina, J Ressler, M AF Nguyen, L Sichina, J Ressler, M BE Zelnio, EG TI Time-based sparse-array beamforming SO ALGORITHMS FOR SYNTHETIC APERTURE RADAR IMAGERY VIII SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Algorithms for Synthetic Aperture Radar Imagery VIII CY APR 16-19, 2001 CL ORLANDO, FL SP SPIE DE beamforming; antenna; array; sparse AB Most antenna beamforming is done with phase and amplitude weighting (either physically or computationally) on the returns from multiple antennas. This approach is based on the assumption that the signals involved are narrowband continuous-wave (cw) sources and, in fact, the antenna pattern is usually verified on a test range via a cw test source. When the antenna array has a limited number of elements spaced across a wide number of wavelengths, the grating lobes generated are typically large, resulting in "ghost" returns and reduced target-to-clutter ratios. In contrast, we are working with radars that either use a short real-time pulse with a few megahertz of bandwidth, or use an equivalent step frequency or chirp source of appropriate bandwidth that is applied and transformed into an equivalent pulse through signal processing. In this paper, we present a time-domain backprojection image-formation approach and apodization technique that is more typically used in synthetic aperture radar. We show results from simulations showing the sidelobe performance of widely spaced sparse antenna arrays. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Ressler, M (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-4077-9 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2001 VL 4382 BP 41 EP 48 DI 10.1117/12.438234 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Telecommunications GA BT21S UT WOS:000172292500005 ER PT S AU Ranney, K Khatri, H Nguyen, L AF Ranney, K Khatri, H Nguyen, L BE Zelnio, EG TI An alternative procedure for detecting stationary targets with ultra-wideband foliage penetration radar SO ALGORITHMS FOR SYNTHETIC APERTURE RADAR IMAGERY VIII SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Algorithms for Synthetic Aperture Radar Imagery VIII CY APR 16-19, 2001 CL ORLANDO, FL SP SPIE DE squint angle; sub-aperture; quadratic polynomial discriminator; discriminator features AB The Army Research Laboratory has investigated various phenomenology-based approaches for improving the detection of targets in wide-angle, ultra-wideband (UWB) foliage penetration (FOPEN) synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data. The approach presented here exploits the aspect-dependent reflectivity of vehicles, by filtering the SAR image data to obtain sub-aperture images from the original full-aperture radar image. These images represent the images of the target as seem by the sub-aperture SAR from two different locations (squint angles). We present a straightforward approach to extending an existing collection of features for a quadratic polynomial discriminator (QPD) with features calculated from these two, lower-resolution sub-aperture SAR data images. We describe a method for generating the modified features and assess their potential contribution to improved probability of detection (Pd). C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL SE RU, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Ranney, K (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL SE RU, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-4077-9 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2001 VL 4382 BP 195 EP 204 DI 10.1117/12.438211 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Telecommunications GA BT21S UT WOS:000172292500021 ER PT S AU Ranney, K Khatri, H Nguyen, L AF Ranney, K Khatri, H Nguyen, L BE Zelnio, EG TI Fuzzy clustering with a specified membership function for target detection with a RADAR system SO ALGORITHMS FOR SYNTHETIC APERTURE RADAR IMAGERY VIII SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Algorithms for Synthetic Aperture Radar Imagery VIII CY APR 16-19, 2001 CL ORLANDO, FL SP SPIE AB Many common clustering algorithms, such as the fuzzy C-means and the classical k-means clustering algorithms, proceed without making any assumptions about the form of the detector that will use the parameters that they determine. We compare the performance of a radial basis function (RBF) network with parameters that are determined using a modified fuzzy clustering procedure to that of an RBF network with parameters that are determined using a least-mean-square-error (classical) clustering procedure. As part of the fuzzy clustering procedure, we assume a particular functional form for the fuzzy membership function. We train and test both of the networks on simulated data and present performance results in the form of receiver operating characteristic curves. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL SE RU, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Ranney, K (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL SE RU, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-4077-9 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2001 VL 4382 BP 205 EP 211 DI 10.1117/12.438212 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Telecommunications GA BT21S UT WOS:000172292500022 ER PT S AU Rosario, DS AF Rosario, DS BE Zelnio, EG TI Stochastic process modeling & Monte-Carlo simulation: Assisting higher-level decision making for aided target recognition networks SO ALGORITHMS FOR SYNTHETIC APERTURE RADAR IMAGERY VIII SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Algorithms for Synthetic Aperture Radar Imagery VIII CY APR 16-19, 2001 CL ORLANDO, FL SP SPIE DE stochastic modeling; Monte-Carlo simulation; higher-level decisions; ATR networks AB Higher-level decisions for AiTR (aided target recognition) networks have been made so far in our community in an ad-hoc fashion. Higher level decisions in this context do not involve target recognition performance per se, but other inherent output measures of performance, e.g., expected response time, long-term electronic memory required to achieve a tolerable level of image losses. Those measures usually require the knowledge associated with the steady-state, stochastic behavior of the entire network, which in practice is mathematically intractable. Decisions requiring those and similar output measures will become very important as AiTR networks are permanently deployed to the field. To address this concern, I propose to model AiTR systems as an open stochastic-process net-work and to conduct Monte Carlo simulations based on this model to estimate steady state performances. To illustrate this method, I modeled as proposed a familiar operational scenario and an existing baseline AiTR system. Details of the stochastic model and its corresponding Monte-Carlo simulation results are discussed in the paper. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Rosario, DS (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-4077-9 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2001 VL 4382 BP 429 EP 439 DI 10.1117/12.438237 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Telecommunications GA BT21S UT WOS:000172292500044 ER PT J AU DeGeare, VS Dangas, G Stone, GW Grines, CL AF DeGeare, VS Dangas, G Stone, GW Grines, CL TI Interventional procedures in acute myocardial infarction SO AMERICAN HEART JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID TRANSLUMINAL CORONARY ANGIOPLASTY; PRACTICE GUIDELINES COMMITTEE; ASSOCIATION TASK-FORCE; HIGH-RISK PATIENTS; THROMBOLYTIC THERAPY; CARDIOGENIC-SHOCK; ULTRASOUND THROMBOLYSIS; IMMEDIATE ANGIOPLASTY; PLASMINOGEN-ACTIVATOR; RANDOMIZED EVALUATION AB Background Acute myocardial infarction (MI) remains a leading cause of death in the United States. There is evidence that primary (direct) percutaneous intervention (PCI) may improve survival and reduce morbidity in patients with acute MI. Methods We present a concise, comprehensive, evidence-based literature review of modern techniques of primary PCI in patients with acute MI. A comparison to thrombolytic therapy, especially in selected patient subgroups is made. Rescue angioplasty is also addressed. Adjunctive pharmacology, economic implications, and feasibility of implementation are discussed. A brief discussion of experimental therapies is included. Results Primary PCI is an acceptable alternative to thrombolytic therapy in patients with acute MI and may result in superior outcomes in select patient populations, especially the elderly, patients with prior coronary artery bypass surgery, those with congestive heart failure, and those in cardiogenic shock. Conclusions Clinical trials support the use of primary PCI as first-line therapy for acute myocardial infarction. Patients in whom thrombolytic therapy is contraindicated or known to have reduced efficacy are also excellent candidates for this therapy. Ongoing advancements in equipment and adjunctive therapies continue to enhance delivery of this treatment as well as improve patient outcome. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, MDC, MCHE, Dept Cardiol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Lenox Hill Hosp, Cardiol Res Fdn, New York, NY 10021 USA. William Beaumont Hosp, Div Cardiol, Royal Oak, MI 48072 USA. RP DeGeare, VS (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, MDC, MCHE, Dept Cardiol, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 83 TC 18 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0002-8703 J9 AM HEART J JI Am. Heart J. PD JAN PY 2001 VL 141 IS 1 BP 15 EP 24 DI 10.1067/mhj.2001.112091 PG 10 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 389WR UT WOS:000166262100005 PM 11136482 ER PT J AU Berg, GE AF Berg, GE TI Mandibular morphology and its relationship to population affinity. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Cent Identificat Lab, Hickam AFB, HI 96853 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0002-9483 J9 AM J PHYS ANTHROPOL JI Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. PY 2001 SU 32 BP 38 EP 39 PG 2 WC Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology SC Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology GA 408ZX UT WOS:000167358000036 ER PT J AU Boden, BP Pasquina, P Johnson, J Mueller, FO AF Boden, BP Pasquina, P Johnson, J Mueller, FO TI Catastrophic injuries in pole-vaulters SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB Pole vaulting is a unique sport in that athletes often land from heights ranging from 10 to 20 feet. We retrospectively reviewed 32 catastrophic pole-vault injuries that were reported to the National Center for Catastrophic Sports Injury Research between 1982 and 1998. The purpose of this study was to determine the mechanisms of injury so that preventive strategies can be implemented. Information was obtained by means of a telephone interview with someone familiar with the accident. All injuries occurred in male athletes at an average age of 17.5 years; 31 were catastrophic head injuries and 1 was a thoracic spine fracture that resulted in paraplegia. Three common mechanisms were identified: 17 (53%) athletes landed with their body on the landing pad and their head on the surrounding hard ground, 8 (25%) landed in the vault box after being stranded at the height of the jump, and 5 (16%) completely missed the landing pad. The mechanism of injury in the remaining two athletes was unknown. The accident resulted in death in 16 (50%) athletes and in permanent disability in 6 (19%). Increasing the minimum landing pad size and enforcing the rule requiring soft surfaces adjacent to the landing pads are the primary recommendations for preventing injuries. The authors discuss other rule and equipment changes that may help reduce the occurrence of future injuries. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Orthopaed Ctr, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Natl Pole Vault Safety Comm, Atascadero, CA USA. Univ N Carolina, Dept Phys Educ Exercise & Sport Sci, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Boden, BP (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Orthopaed Ctr, 9711 Med Ctr Dr,201, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. NR 7 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER ORTHOPAEDIC SOC SPORT MED PI WALTHAM PA 230 CALVARY STREET, WALTHAM, MA 02154 USA SN 0363-5465 J9 AM J SPORT MED JI Am. J. Sports Med. PD JAN-FEB PY 2001 VL 29 IS 1 BP 50 EP 54 PG 5 WC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences SC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences GA 398WJ UT WOS:000166779200010 PM 11206256 ER PT J AU Boden, BP Osbahr, DC Jimenez, C AF Boden, BP Osbahr, DC Jimenez, C TI Low-risk stress fractures SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID LONG-DISTANCE RUNNERS; PNEUMATIC LEG BRACE; 1ST RIB; SCINTIGRAPHIC FINDINGS; PARS INTERARTICULARIS; 2ND METATARSAL; BONE; INJURIES; MECHANISM; HUMERUS AB Stress fractures can occur in almost any bone in the body, with the lower extremity weightbearing bones, especially the tibia, tarsals, and metatarsals, being affected most frequently. Although the cause of these fractures is multifactoral, repetitive physical forces without adequate rest are the primary culprits. Stress fractures may be broadly classified as low-risk or highrisk injuries. Low-risk stress fractures, the topic of this review article, can be diagnosed through a thorough history, physical examination, and radiographs. Nuclear scintigraphy is occasionally necessary for confirmation, especially for fractures of the spine and pelvis. When diagnosed early and treated with restriction of activity, low-risk stress fractures have a favorable prognosis. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Orthopaed Ctr, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Sect Sports Med,Div Orthopaed Surg, Coach Michael W Krzyzewski Human Performance Res, Durham, NC USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Boden, BP (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Orthopaed Ctr, 9711 Med Ctr Dr,201, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. NR 101 TC 89 Z9 93 U1 3 U2 12 PU AMER ORTHOPAEDIC SOC SPORT MED PI WALTHAM PA 230 CALVARY STREET, WALTHAM, MA 02154 USA SN 0363-5465 J9 AM J SPORT MED JI Am. J. Sports Med. PD JAN-FEB PY 2001 VL 29 IS 1 BP 100 EP 111 PG 12 WC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences SC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences GA 398WJ UT WOS:000166779200019 PM 11206247 ER EF