FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Huang, BQ Corbett, JD AF Huang, BQ Corbett, JD TI Orthorhombic inverse perovskitic Ba(3)TtO (Tt = Ge, Si) as Zintl phases SO ZEITSCHRIFT FUR ANORGANISCHE UND ALLGEMEINE CHEMIE LA English DT Article DE inverse perovskite compounds; barium germanium oxide; barium silicon oxide; Zintl phase AB The isotypic title compounds are obtained in high yield from the reactions of Ba, BaO, and Ge (Si) in welded Ta containers slowly cooled from 1100 degrees C. The structure of Ba3GeO was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction (orthorhombic symmetry; Pnma (No.62); a=7.591(1), b = 10.728(1), c = 7.551(1) Angstrom; Z = 4; R = 0.058, R-w = 0.065 for 780 reflections (I > 3 sigma(I)) with 2 theta(max) = 60 degrees)). The structure consists of slightly deformed OBa6 octahedra that are tilted by approximate to 14 degrees with respect to their positions in the ideal inverse perovskite structure. These distortions optimize eight of the original twelve equal Ba-Ge distances. The ideal cubic Ca3SiO (a = 4.699(1) Angstrom) has also been synthesized. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, USA, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Corbett, JD (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, USA, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 17 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 6 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI BERLIN PA MUHLENSTRASSE 33-34, D-13187 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0044-2313 J9 Z ANORG ALLG CHEM JI Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. PD NOV PY 1998 VL 624 IS 11 BP 1787 EP 1790 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1521-3749(1998110)624:11<1787::AID-ZAAC1787>3.0.CO;2-P PG 4 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 134EA UT WOS:000076728900013 ER PT J AU Vladimiroff, T AF Vladimiroff, T TI A density functional study of s-trinitrobenzene SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE-THEOCHEM LA English DT Article DE trinitrobenzene; density functional theory; ab initio theory; vibrational frequencies; molecular structure ID ENERGY AB The structure and vibrational frequencies were calculated for trinitrobenzene using density functional methods. In order to get better agreement with experiment the calculated frequencies were scaled by factors found in the literature. All of the methods considered indicate that this molecule has D3h symmetry. The most accurate bond lengths were calculated using hybrid density functional methods. Satisfactory bond angles were produced by all the methods considered. The frequency calculations included the experimentally unobserved A2' modes. Two of these frequencies were found to be in poor agreement with the values predicted using normal coordinate analysis. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, ARDEC, Warheads Energet & Combat Support Armaments Ctr, Picatinny, NJ 07806 USA. RP Vladimiroff, T (reprint author), USA, ARDEC, Warheads Energet & Combat Support Armaments Ctr, Bldg 3124, Picatinny, NJ 07806 USA. NR 24 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-1280 J9 J MOL STRUC-THEOCHEM JI Theochem-J. Mol. Struct. PD OCT 30 PY 1998 VL 453 IS 1-3 BP 119 EP 122 DI 10.1016/S0166-1280(98)00188-2 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 132CB UT WOS:000076611400014 ER PT J AU Fried, M Nosten, F Brockman, A Brabin, BT Duffy, PE AF Fried, M Nosten, F Brockman, A Brabin, BT Duffy, PE TI Maternal antibodies block malaria SO NATURE LA English DT Letter ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; MELANOMA-CELLS; CYTOADHERENCE; PREGNANCY C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Shoklo Malaria Res Unit, Mae Sot 63110, Thailand. Mahidol Univ, Fac Trop Med, Bangkok, Thailand. John Radcliffe Hosp, Nuffield Dept Med, Ctr Trop Med, Oxford OX3 9DU, England. Univ Liverpool, Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Trop Child Hlth Grp, Liverpool L3 5QA, Merseyside, England. RP Fried, M (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, 14th & Dahlia St, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 6 TC 388 Z9 394 U1 0 U2 9 PU MACMILLAN MAGAZINES LTD PI LONDON PA PORTERS SOUTH, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON, ENGLAND N1 9XW SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD OCT 29 PY 1998 VL 395 IS 6705 BP 851 EP 852 DI 10.1038/27570 PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 133XT UT WOS:000076713400036 PM 9804416 ER PT J AU Saxena, A Viragh, C Frazier, DS Kovach, IM Maxwell, DM Lockridge, O Doctor, BP AF Saxena, A Viragh, C Frazier, DS Kovach, IM Maxwell, DM Lockridge, O Doctor, BP TI The pH dependence of dealkylation in soman-inhibited cholinesterases and their mutants: Further evidence for a push-pull mechanism SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PHOSPHYLATED HUMAN ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE; BARRIER HYDROGEN-BOND; ACTIVE-SITE GORGE; HUMAN BUTYRYLCHOLINESTERASE; STEREOSPECIFIC REACTIVATION; CATALYTIC RECRUITMENT; SERINE PROTEASES; 2-PROPYL METHYLPHOSPHONATE; MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; BINDING AB Bimolecular rate constants for the inactivation of recombinant (r) human (Hu) butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) with P(S)C(S)- and P(S)C(R)-2-(3,3-dimethylbutyl) methylphosphonofluoridate (soman) are (92 +/- 7) x 10(6) M-1 min(-1) and (13.7 +/- 0.8) x 10(6) M-1 min(-1) at pH 7.4, mu = 0.1 M and 25 degrees C. Mutations of E197(199) to D or Q and W82(84) to A result in reductions in the rate constants for inactivation with P(S)C(S)-soman 4.3-, 11.8-, and 263-fold and with P(S)C(R)-soman by 6.5-, 47.3-, and 685-fold, respectively. The pH dependence of dealkylation (aging) in r mouse (Mo) acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and rHu BChE and their mutants inactivated with P(S)C(S)- and P(S)C(R)-soman was compared. Best-fit parameters for the asymmetric bell curves for the adducts of wild-type Mo AChE are pK(1) = pK(2) = 4.0-4.9 and pK(3) = 5.2-6.6. These pKs are consistent with the involvement of two carboxylic acids, possibly E202(199) and either E334(327) or E450(443), and H447(440)H+ in the dealkylation of AChE. E202Q MoAChE inactivated with the soman diastereomers yielded pK(3) = 5.5-5.8. Nearly symmetric pH curves for soman-inhibited wild-type and E197D Hu BChE gave pK(2) = 3.7-4.6 and pK(3) = 7.3-8.0, but much lower, pK(3) similar to 5, For the corresponding adduct of the E197Q mutant. Dealkylation in soman-inhibited BChE is consistent with the participation of one carboxylic acid side chain and H438(440)H+ Maximal rate constants for dealkylation (k(max)) are 1-6 min(-1) for AChE and 2 min(-1) for BChE at 25 degrees C. The W82 to A mutation in BChE results in the largest reduction, 2500-6000-fold, in the rate constant for dealkylation. The reduction in the rate constants for dealkylation in the E197 mutants is highly pH dependent. The solvent isotope effects at the pH maxima are 1.3-1.4, indicating unlikely preprotonation or proton in "flight" at the enzymic transition states. The new results support the push-pull mechanism of dealkylation in soman-inhibited cholinesterases proposed previously. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Biochem, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Catholic Univ Amer, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20064 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Univ Nebraska, Med Ctr, Eppley Canc Inst, Omaha, NE 68198 USA. RP Saxena, A (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Biochem, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 77 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD OCT 27 PY 1998 VL 37 IS 43 BP 15086 EP 15096 DI 10.1021/bi980917z PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 136LB UT WOS:000076859300009 PM 9790671 ER PT J AU Kolodgie, FD Narula, J Burke, AP Haider, N Farb, A Liang, YH Smialek, J Virmani, R AF Kolodgie, FD Narula, J Burke, AP Haider, N Farb, A Liang, YH Smialek, J Virmani, R TI Association of atherosclerotic plaque rupture in sudden coronary death with extensive focal apoptosis of macrophages SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Inst Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. Allegheny Univ Hahnemann, Philadelphia, PA USA. AFIP, Washington, DC USA. Univ Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD OCT 27 PY 1998 VL 98 IS 17 SU S MA 230 BP 47 EP 47 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 131UV UT WOS:000076594400278 ER PT J AU Szebeni, J Stafil, GL Fontana, JL Dobbins, D Mongan, PD Wassef, NM Morse, DS Bunger, R Alving, CR AF Szebeni, J Stafil, GL Fontana, JL Dobbins, D Mongan, PD Wassef, NM Morse, DS Bunger, R Alving, CR TI Liposome-induced acute cardiopulmonary distress in swine is mediated by complement SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Ctr Expt Therapeut & Reperfus Injury, Boston, MA USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD OCT 27 PY 1998 VL 98 IS 17 SU S MA 685 BP 133 EP 133 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 131UV UT WOS:000076594400727 ER PT J AU Taylor, AJ Gorman, PD Farb, A Hoopes, TG Sweet, W Virmani, R AF Taylor, AJ Gorman, PD Farb, A Hoopes, TG Sweet, W Virmani, R TI Differential effect of P-32 beta particle-emitting stents on the intima and adventitia in the dog model SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. AFIP, Washington, DC USA. Isostent Inc, Belmont, CA USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD OCT 27 PY 1998 VL 98 IS 17 SU S MA 4085 BP 779 EP 779 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 131UV UT WOS:000076594404096 ER PT J AU Kop, WJ Krantz, DS Gottdiener, JS Howell, RH Meyerhoff, JF Mougey, E Oleshansky, MA Meuth, M AF Kop, WJ Krantz, DS Gottdiener, JS Howell, RH Meyerhoff, JF Mougey, E Oleshansky, MA Meuth, M TI Neurohormonal reactivity to mental stress and myocardial ischemia during the activities of daily life. SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Georgetown Univ, Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20007 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD OCT 27 PY 1998 VL 98 IS 17 SU S MA 4461 BP 851 EP 851 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 131UV UT WOS:000076594404469 ER PT J AU Vennerstrom, JL Ager, AL Dorn, A Andersen, SL Gerena, L Ridley, RG Milhous, WK AF Vennerstrom, JL Ager, AL Dorn, A Andersen, SL Gerena, L Ridley, RG Milhous, WK TI Bisquinolines. 2. Antimalarial N,N-bis(7-chloroquinolin-4-yl)heteroalkanediamines SO JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; HEME POLYMERIZATION; IN-VIVO; CHLOROQUINE; INVITRO; RESISTANCE; MALARIA; PARASITES; MECHANISM AB N,N-Bis(7-chloroquinolin-4-yl)heteroalkanediamines 1-11 were synthesized and screened against Plasmodium falciparum in vitro and Plasmodium berghei in vivo. These bisquinolines had IC50 values from 1 to 100 nM against P. falciparum in vitro. Six of the 11 bisquinolines were significantly more potent against the chloroquine-resistant W2 clone compared to the chloroquine-sensitive D6 clone. For bisquinolines 1-11 there was no relationship between the length of the bisquinoline heteroalkane bridge and antimalarial activity and no correlation between in vitro and in vivo antimalarial activities. Bisquinolines with alkyl ether and piperazine bridges were substantially more effective than bisquinolines with alkylamine bridges against P. berghei in vivo. Bisquinolines 1-10 were potent inhibitors of hematin polymerization with IC50 values falling in the narrow range of 5-20 mu M, and there was a correlation between potency of inhibition of hematin polymerization and inhibition of parasite growth. Compared to alkane-bridged bisquinolines (Vennerstrom et al., 1992), none of these heteroalkane-bridged bisquinolines had sufficient antimalarial activity to warrant further investigation of the series. C1 Univ Nebraska, Med Ctr, Coll Pharm, Omaha, NE 68198 USA. Univ Miami, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Miami, FL 33136 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Washington, DC 20307 USA. F Hoffmann La Roche & Co Ltd, Div Pharma, Preclin Res, CH-4070 Basel, Switzerland. RP Vennerstrom, JL (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Med Ctr, Coll Pharm, 600 S 42nd St, Omaha, NE 68198 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [1 R15 AI28012-01] NR 32 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0022-2623 J9 J MED CHEM JI J. Med. Chem. PD OCT 22 PY 1998 VL 41 IS 22 BP 4360 EP 4364 DI 10.1021/jm9803828 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Medicinal SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 133FL UT WOS:000076676100022 PM 9784111 ER PT J AU Sorescu, DC Rice, BM Thompson, DL AF Sorescu, DC Rice, BM Thompson, DL TI A transferable intermolecular potential for nitramine crystals SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; X-RAY; ELECTROSTATIC INTERACTIONS; THERMAL-DECOMPOSITION; ENERGETIC MATERIALS; ORGANIC-MOLECULES; FORCE-FIELD; 1,3,3-TRINITROAZETIDINE; SIMULATIONS; NEUTRON AB We have investigated the transferability of a Buckingham repulsion-dispersion intermolecular potential previously developed [J. Phys. Chem. B 1997, 101, 798] for the explosive hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-s-triazine (RDX) to predict the crystal structures (within the approximation of rigid molecules) of 30 nitramines, comprising acyclic, monocyclic, and polycyclic molecules. It is shown that this potential model accurately reproduces the experimentally determined crystallographic structures and lattice energies of these crystals. For the majority of these crystals, the best agreement with experiment is obtained when the electrostatic charges are determined using ab initio methods that include electron correlation effects, namely, MP2 and B3LYP. The use of the electrostatic charges calculated at the Hartree-Fock level results in large deviations of the predicted lattice energies from the experimental values. These deviations of the lattice energies can be significantly decreased, without significantly affecting the predicted crystallographic parameters, by scaling the electrostatic charges with a constant factor. C1 Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Chem, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Thompson, DL (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Chem, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. NR 59 TC 52 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD OCT 22 PY 1998 VL 102 IS 43 BP 8386 EP 8392 DI 10.1021/jp9820525 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 132PX UT WOS:000076639700024 ER PT J AU Moinpour, CM Savage, MJ Troxel, A Lovato, LC Eisenberger, M Veith, RW Higgins, B Skeel, R Yee, M Blumenstein, BA Crawford, ED Meyskens, FL AF Moinpour, CM Savage, MJ Troxel, A Lovato, LC Eisenberger, M Veith, RW Higgins, B Skeel, R Yee, M Blumenstein, BA Crawford, ED Meyskens, FL TI Quality of life in advanced prostate cancer: Results of a randomized therapeutic trial SO JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE LA English DT Article ID HEALTH SURVEY SF-36; INTERMITTENT ANDROGEN SUPPRESSION; OF-LIFE; CLINICAL-TRIALS; NORMAL MEN; FLUTAMIDE; ONCOLOGY; ANTIANDROGEN; TESTOSTERONE; RELIABILITY AB Background: For patients with metastatic prostate cancer, treatment is primarily palliative, relying mainly on the suppression of systemic androgen hormone levels. To help document the achievement of palliation and to characterize positive and negative effects of treatment, we evaluated quality-of-life (QOL) parameters in patients with metastatic prostate cancer who were randomly assigned to two methods of androgen deprivation. Methods: Patients (n = 739) with stage M-1 (bone or soft tissue metastasis) prostate cancer were enrolled in a QOL protocol that was a companion to Southwest Oncology Group INT-0105, a randomized double-blind trial comparing treatment with bilateral orchiectomy (surgical castration) plus either flutamide or placebo. Patients completed a comprehensive battery of QOL questionnaires at random assignment to treatment and at 1, 3, and 6 months later. Data were collected on three treatment-specific symptoms (diarrhea, gas pain, and body image), on physical functioning, and on emotional functioning. All P values are two-sided. Results: Questionnaire return rates for this study never dropped below 80%; only 2% of the patients did not submit baseline QOL assessments. Cross-sectional analyses (corrected for multiple testing) identified statistically significant differences that favored orchiectomy plus placebo for two of the five primary QOL parameters as follows: patients receiving flutamide reported more diarrhea at 3 months (P =.001) and worse emotional functioning at 3 and 6 months (both P<.003), Longitudinal analyses replicated these findings. Other analyzed QOL parameters favored the group receiving placebo but were not statistically significant after adjustment for multiple testing. Conclusions: We found a consistent pattern of better QOL outcomes at each follow-up assessment during the first 6 months of treatment for orchiectomized patients with metastatic prostate cancer who received placebo versus flutamide, Improvement over time was evident in both treatment groups but more so for patients receiving placebo. C1 Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, SW Oncol Grp S9039, Ctr Stat, Operat Off, San Antonio, TX 78245 USA. Mercy Med Ctr, Baltimore, MD USA. Columbia Presbyterian Canc Ctr, New York, NY USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA. Louisiana State Univ, Med Ctr, New Orleans, LA USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Med Coll Ohio, Toledo, OH 43699 USA. Univ Colorado, Denver, CO 80202 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Chao Family Comprehens Canc Ctr, Irvine, CA 92717 USA. RP Moinpour, CM (reprint author), Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, SW Oncol Grp S9039, Ctr Stat, Operat Off, 14980 Omicron Dr, San Antonio, TX 78245 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA13612, CA37429, CA37981] NR 51 TC 91 Z9 94 U1 0 U2 4 PU NATL CANCER INSTITUTE PI BETHESDA PA 9030 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0027-8874 J9 J NATL CANCER I JI J. Natl. Cancer Inst. PD OCT 21 PY 1998 VL 90 IS 20 BP 1537 EP 1544 DI 10.1093/jnci/90.20.1537 PG 8 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 131KN UT WOS:000076575300012 PM 9790546 ER PT J AU Maring, DB Tavlykaev, RF Ramaswamy, RV Korkishko, YN Fedorov, VA Zavada, JM AF Maring, DB Tavlykaev, RF Ramaswamy, RV Korkishko, YN Fedorov, VA Zavada, JM TI Effect of crystal phases on refractive index profiles of annealed proton-exchanged waveguides in X-cut LiTaO3 (vol 73, pg 423, 1998) SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Correction C1 Univ Florida, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Photon Res Lab, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Moscow Inst Elect Technol, Dept Chem, Moscow 103498, Zelenograd, Russia. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Maring, DB (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Photon Res Lab, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD OCT 19 PY 1998 VL 73 IS 16 BP 2380 EP 2380 DI 10.1063/1.122467 PG 1 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 128UY UT WOS:000076427800051 ER PT J AU Adler, M Nicholson, JD Cornille, F Hackley, BE AF Adler, M Nicholson, JD Cornille, F Hackley, BE TI Efficacy of a novel metalloprotease inhibitor on botulinum neurotoxin B activity (vol 429, pg 234, 1998) SO FEBS LETTERS LA English DT Correction C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Neurotoxicol Branch, Div Pharmacol, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. DAKKRO Corp, Littleton, CO 80161 USA. Fac Pharm, UFR Sci Pharmaceut & Biol, INSERM,U266, URA D1500 CNRS,Dept Pharmacochim Mol & Struct, F-75270 Paris, France. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Off Commander, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Adler, M (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Neurotoxicol Branch, Div Pharmacol, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-5793 J9 FEBS LETT JI FEBS Lett. PD OCT 16 PY 1998 VL 437 IS 1-2 BP 164 EP 164 DI 10.1016/S0014-5793(98)01159-4 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA 132RT UT WOS:000076644100036 ER PT J AU Rosso, TE Bossle, PC AF Rosso, TE Bossle, PC TI Capillary ion electrophoresis screening of nerve agent degradation products in environmental samples using conductivity detection SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article DE methylphosphonic acid; ethyl methylphosphonic acid; isopropyl methylphosphonic acid; pinacolyl methyl-phosphonic acid ID SEPARATION AB A method of detecting signature methylphosphonic acid (MPA) breakdown products of V and G nerve agents in environmental samples was developed using capillary ion electrophoresis with conductivity detection. The electrolyte (30 mM L-histidine, 30 mM 2-(N-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid, 0.7 mM tetradecyltrimethylammonium hydroxide, and 0.03 weight% Triton X-100) allowed baseline separation of MPA, ethyl methylphosphonic acid (EMPA), isopropyl methylphosphonic acid (IMPA), and pinacolyl methylphosphonic acid (PMPA) in less than 10 min. Detector response was linear in the 6-60 mu g/ml concentration range (correlation coefficient=0.99) with a detection limit around 6 mu g/ml. The application of this method for screening MPA, EMPA, IMPA, and PMPA in surface water, groundwater, and soil extracts is demonstrated. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res & Technol Directorate, Edgewood Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Rosso, TE (reprint author), USA, Res & Technol Directorate, Edgewood Res Dev & Engn Ctr, SCBRD RTC,Bldg E3300, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 5 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD OCT 16 PY 1998 VL 824 IS 1 BP 125 EP 134 DI 10.1016/S0021-9673(98)00646-3 PG 10 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 133PM UT WOS:000076695000015 PM 9818432 ER PT J AU Wang, RB Doolan, DL Le, TP Hedstrom, RC Coonan, KM Charoenvit, YP Jones, TR Hobart, P Margalit, M Ng, J Weiss, WR Sedegah, M de Taisne, C Norman, JA Hoffman, SL AF Wang, RB Doolan, DL Le, TP Hedstrom, RC Coonan, KM Charoenvit, YP Jones, TR Hobart, P Margalit, M Ng, J Weiss, WR Sedegah, M de Taisne, C Norman, JA Hoffman, SL TI Induction of antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes in humans by a malaria DNA vaccine SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID FALCIPARUM CIRCUMSPOROZOITE PROTEIN; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; RHESUS-MONKEYS; CELL EPITOPES; PROTECTION; IMMUNIZATION; CHIMPANZEES; CANDIDATE; RESPONSES; IMMUNITY AB CD8(+) cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) are critical for protection against intracellular pathogens but often have been difficult to induce by subunit vaccines in animals. DNA vaccines elicit protective CD8(+) T cell responses. Malaria-naive volunteers who were vaccinated with plasmid DNA encoding a malaria protein developed antigen-specific, genetically restricted, CD8(+) T cell-dependent CTLs. Responses were directed against all 10 peptides tested and were restricted by six human lymphocyte antigen (HLA) class I alleles. This first demonstration in healthy naive humans of the induction of CD8(+) CTLs by DNA vaccines, including CTLs that were restricted by multiple HLA alleles in the same individual, provides a foundation for further human testing of this potentially revolutionary vaccine technology. C1 USN, Med Res Inst, Malaria Program, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. WHO, Reg Off, Pan Amer Hlth Org, Washington, DC 20037 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Med, Ft Detrick, MD 21701 USA. Vical, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. USN, Med Res Inst, US Dept Def, Bone Marrow Donor Program, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. Pasteur Merieux Connaught France, F-69007 Lyon, France. RP Hoffman, SL (reprint author), USN, Med Res Inst, Malaria Program, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. RI Doolan, Denise/F-1969-2015 NR 32 TC 604 Z9 630 U1 3 U2 19 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD OCT 16 PY 1998 VL 282 IS 5388 BP 476 EP 480 DI 10.1126/science.282.5388.476 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 129TT UT WOS:000076479600055 PM 9774275 ER PT J AU Seehusen, DA AF Seehusen, DA TI Use of antibiotics in patients with acute bronchitis SO AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN LA English DT Letter C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Family Med, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Seehusen, DA (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Family Med, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD FAMILY PHYSICIANS PI KANSAS CITY PA 8880 WARD PARKWAY, KANSAS CITY, MO 64114-2797 USA SN 0002-838X J9 AM FAM PHYSICIAN JI Am. Fam. Physician PD OCT 15 PY 1998 VL 58 IS 6 BP 1303 EP 1303 PG 1 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 131LE UT WOS:000076576900006 PM 9803190 ER PT J AU Alonso, C Suidan, MT Kim, BR Kim, BJ AF Alonso, C Suidan, MT Kim, BR Kim, BJ TI Dynamic mathematical model for the biodegradation of VOCs in a biofilter: Biomass accumulation study SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID WASTE AIR BIOTREATMENT; BIOLOGICAL FILTER; BIOFILTRATION; BEHAVIOR; KINETICS; REMOVAL; VAPOR AB Although biofiltration is a firmly established technology for the control of emissions of volatile organic compound (VOCs), more fundamental research is still needed. This work uses a mathematical model describing the dynamic physical and biological processes occurring in a packed trickle-bed air biofilter to analyze the relationship between biofilter performance, biomass accumulation in the reactor, and mathematical description of the packed bed porous media. In this study a biofilter packed with pelletized support media was used to treat toluene achieving removal efficiencies over 99% and 97% for 4.1 and 6.2 kg COD/m(3) day toluene loading, respectively. Experimental results showed that as biomass accumulates in the reactor, the available area for the contaminant to diffuse into the biofilm decreases causing a drop in removal efficiency. This effect is specially important for biofilters where there is a high degree of biomass accumulation that significantly affects biofilter performance. In response to these observations, a new approach for the calculation of the biofilm specific surface area of the reactor as a function of biomass growth was developed. Three models of the reactor porous medium were analyzed. The medium was represented as a bed of equivalent spheres in the first model, as an equivalent set of parallel pipes in the second model, and as an equivalent set of flat parallel plates in the third model. The first two models, spheres and pipes, were proven superior in their ability to explain the system performance. The effect of contaminant solubility on biofilter performance was also analyzed. C1 Univ Cincinnati, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. Ford Motor Co, Ford Res Lab, Dept Chem, Dearborn, MI 48121 USA. USA, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. RP Suidan, MT (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. EM msuidan@boss.cee.uc.edu NR 13 TC 68 Z9 76 U1 3 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD OCT 15 PY 1998 VL 32 IS 20 BP 3118 EP 3123 DI 10.1021/es9711021 PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 130NC UT WOS:000076525300013 ER PT J AU Bedey, DF Watkins, BJ AF Bedey, DF Watkins, BJ TI Diurnal occurrence of thin metallic ion layers in the high-latitude ionosphere SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SPORADIC-E-LAYERS; IONIZATION LAYERS; MID-LATITUDE; E-REGION AB Evidence is presented that during the summer months intense (density greater than 10(5) cm(-3)), thin metallic ion layers are most likely to occur in the lower E region over Sondrestrom, Greenland, during the period 2200-0100 UT (similar to 2000-2300 MLT), based on a three-year series of incoherent-scatter radar observations. In the high-latitude ionosphere, theory indicates that a convective electric field with a westward component should be conducive to layer formation. However, we observed that the presence of a favorable electric field does not guarantee the existence of intense thin layers. We suggest that the preferred time of occurrence and the apparent insufficiency of westerly electric fields to produce detectable layers is caused by variation in ion abundance. Our observational results are shown to be consistent with a previously published model of the large-scale, horizontal transport of metal ions which predicts enhanced metallic ion abundances at the same time that layers are most frequently observed. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Phys, W Point, NY 10996 USA. Univ Alaska, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. RP Bedey, DF (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Phys, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 15 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD OCT 15 PY 1998 VL 25 IS 20 BP 3767 EP 3770 DI 10.1029/1998GL900035 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 130CV UT WOS:000076502400007 ER PT J AU Colbeck, SC AF Colbeck, SC TI Sintering in a dry snow cover SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article AB The basic shape of bonds in snow is dictated by the geometrical requirements of grain-boundary grooves and is not a simple concave neck as has long been assumed. In fact, all of the earlier work on the theory of sintering in snow was based on an incorrect assumption about the geometry. A theory of the growth of bonds in snow is given here based on observations of their actual shape which is dominated by grain-boundary grooves. The theory describes the growth of the bond by the removal of water molecules from the grain boundary by diffusion due to the stress gradient. Three-dimensional grains are described and the dihedral angle is allowed to increase with time. [S0021-8979(98)08920-8] C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Colbeck, SC (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 10 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD OCT 15 PY 1998 VL 84 IS 8 BP 4585 EP 4589 DI 10.1063/1.368684 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 124MA UT WOS:000076185100081 ER PT J AU Shah, PB Jones, KA AF Shah, PB Jones, KA TI Two-dimensional numerical investigation of the impact of material-parameter uncertainty on the steady-state performance of passivated 4H-SiC thyristors SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SILICON-CARBIDE; MOS STRUCTURE; DEVICES; 4H; SIMULATION; POLYTYPES; LIFETIME; LAYERS AB We calculated the impact of inaccurate values of the free-carrier lifetime, SiC/SiO2 interface recombination velocity and interface charge, dopant ionization energy, electric permittivity, impact ionization rates, saturation velocity and field-dependent mobility on the holding current, switching current, and breakover voltage at different applied gate currents for an interdigitated 4H-SiC thyristor with two-dimensional steady-state numerical simulations. We observed that free-carrier lifetimes, interface charge and recombination velocity, and impurity ionization energy have the greatest impact on thyristor performance. As the carrier lifetime increases, the holding current decreases and the results logarithmically approach a single I-V curve in the negative differential resistance region. Comparing interface charge and recombination velocity, we demonstrated that recombination velocity has a larger effect on the holding current, but interface charge has a larger effect on the breakover voltage. Also, deeper acceptors increase the holding current, while deeper donors decrease the holding current. Our results demonstrate that mapping the negative differential resistance region by plotting the breakover voltage for different applied gate currents can give valuable information on the device and material properties. The experimentally observed nonuniform changes in the breakover voltage and switching current for uniform gate current steps are explained. The results indicate that interface properties must be included when simulating turn-on and turn-off by gate control. The results also indicate that the free-carrier lifetime variations that occur across a wafer can lead to large differences in the performance of two devices that are expected to have undergone identical processing. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. [S0021-8979(98)03220-4] C1 USA, Sensors & Elect Devices Directorate, Res Lab, AMSRL SE RL, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP USA, Sensors & Elect Devices Directorate, Res Lab, AMSRL SE RL, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM pshah@arl.mil NR 28 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD OCT 15 PY 1998 VL 84 IS 8 BP 4625 EP 4630 DI 10.1063/1.368689 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 124MA UT WOS:000076185100087 ER PT J AU Brandler, P Saikh, KU Heath, D Friedlander, A Ulrich, RG AF Brandler, P Saikh, KU Heath, D Friedlander, A Ulrich, RG TI Weak anamnestic responses of inbred mice to Yersinia F1 genetic vaccine are overcome by boosting with F1 polypeptide while outbred mice remain nonresponsive SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; GAMMA-INTERFERON; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; PSEUDOTUBERCULOSIS; PESTIS; PROTEIN; ENTEROCOLITICA; VIRULENCE; PHAGOCYTOSIS; ASSOCIATION AB The role of immunity to intracellular Ags in resistance to infection by Yersinia is not well established. The enteropathogenic bacteria Yersinia pseudotuberculosis and Yersinia enterocolitica actively translocate Ags to the cytosol of eukaryotic cells. Whereas Yersinia pestis does not always express the requisite cellular adhesins, results have varied as to whether similar cytosolic translocation of Ags occurs in vitro. We used a genetic vaccine to induce intracellular expression of the fraction 1 (F1) capsular protein of Y, pestis within host mammalian cells and examined the ensuing immune response. The Fl genetic vaccine stimulated only weak CTL responses in BALB/c mice. Substantial Ab responses to the Fl genetic vaccine were obtained in all inbred strains of mice tested, but Ab levels were less than those resulting from vaccination with the Fl polypeptide, In contrast, outbred mice did not respond to the Fl plasmid, suggesting that some inbred mouse strains may exhibit exaggerated responses to plasmid vaccines. A primary immunization with the F1 genetic vaccine followed by a boost with recombinant Fl polypeptide produced a vigorous Ab response from inbred mice that was equivalent to three injections of Fl polypeptide, We conclude that cytosolic expression of the F1 Ag efficiently primes immunity, while secondary exposure to the F1 polypeptide is required for optimal Ab induction. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Lab Mol Immunol, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. Hood Coll, Program Biomed Sci, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Ulrich, RG (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Lab Mol Immunol, 1425 Porter St, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. EM ulrich@ncifcrf.gov NR 32 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD OCT 15 PY 1998 VL 161 IS 8 BP 4195 EP 4200 PG 6 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 127GV UT WOS:000076343300053 PM 9780193 ER PT J AU Jensen, GM Bunte, SW Warshel, A Goodin, DB AF Jensen, GM Bunte, SW Warshel, A Goodin, DB TI Energetics of cation radical formation at the proximal active site tryptophan of cytochrome c peroxidase and ascorbate peroxidase SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting in Honor of Melvin P Klein and Kenneth Sauer CY JAN 07-08, 1998 CL UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, BERKELEY, CALIFORNIA HO UNIV CALIF BERKELEY ID IRON-SULFUR PROTEINS; COMPOUND-I; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; REDOX POTENTIALS; ELECTRON-TRANSFER; HEME ENZYME; CAVITY; OXIDATION; BINDING; MUTANTS AB Despite very similar protein structures, ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and yeast cytochrome c peroxidase (CCP) stabilize different radical species during enzyme turnover. Both enzymes contain similar active site residues, including the tryptophan that is oxidized to a stable cation radical in CCP. However, the analogous tryptophan is not oxidized in APX, and the second oxidizing equivalent is retained as a porphyrin pi-cation radical. This difference between CCP and APX is thought to contribute to the different substrate specificities of the two proteins. Electrostatic destabilization by a nearby cation has been proposed to be partially responsible for this difference. In this study we provide an improved computational approach to estimate the contribution of solvent and protein electrostatics to the energetics of tryptophan cation radical formation in the two enzyme environments. The protein dipoles Langevin dipoles (PDLD) model is combined with molecular dynamics to estimate the role of discrete solvation, atomic polarizabilities, and dynamic motional averaging on the electrostatic potentials. Partial charges for the tryptophan cation radical used Merz-Kollman ESP charges fit to the electrostatic potential of 3-methylindole cation radical, which in turn was calculated using density functional methods, a Becke3LYP functional, and the 6-31G* basis set. The PDLD model shows that the protein environment of CCP stabilizes the tryptophan cation radical by 330 mV relative to that in APX. Analysis of the components contributing to this difference supports proposals that the cation binding site contributes to, but is not the sole cause of, the different sites of radical stabilization. The enzymes have thus evolved this distinction using several contributing interactions including the cation binding site, solvent access, and subtle differences in protein structure and dynamics. C1 Scripps Res Inst, Dept Mol Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. USA, Res Lab, AMSRLWMBD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Univ So Calif, Dept Chem, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. RP Goodin, DB (reprint author), Scripps Res Inst, Dept Mol Biol, MB8,10550 N Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. NR 60 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5647 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD OCT 15 PY 1998 VL 102 IS 42 BP 8221 EP 8228 DI 10.1021/jp9811326 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 134HH UT WOS:000076737100015 ER PT J AU Kuznetsov, VV Mendez, EE Bruno, JD Pham, JT AF Kuznetsov, VV Mendez, EE Bruno, JD Pham, JT TI Shot noise enhancement in resonant-tunneling structures in a magnetic field SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SUPPRESSION AB We have observed that the shot noise of the tunnel current, I, in a GaSb-AlSb-InAs-AlSb-GaSb double-barrier structure under a magnetic field can exceed 2qI. The measurements were done at T=4 K in fields up to 5 T parallel to the current. The noise enhancement occurred at each of the several negative-differential conductance regions induced by the tunneling of holes through Landau levels in the InAs quantum well. The amount of the enhancement increased with the strength of the negative conductance and reached values up to 8qI. These results are explained qualitatively by fluctuations of the density of states in the well, but point out the need for a detailed theory of shot noise enhancement in resonant-tunneling devices. [S0163-1829(98)52540-4]. C1 SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. NR 16 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 15 PY 1998 VL 58 IS 16 BP R10159 EP R10162 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.58.R10159 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 133ZB UT WOS:000076716500018 ER PT J AU Kisin, MV Stroscio, MA Belenky, G Luryi, S AF Kisin, MV Stroscio, MA Belenky, G Luryi, S TI Electron-plasmon relaxation in quantum wells with inverted subband occupation SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID INVERSION LAYERS; CASCADE LASERS; EXCITATIONS; ABSORPTION; SYSTEMS AB We have considered the electron-plasmon interaction and intersubband resonance screening in a quantum well with inverted subband occupation. We show that in such a system the intersubband plasmon emission leads to an efficient deexcitation of the nonequilibrium initial state and raises the occupation of states at the lower-subband bottom. Downshift and resonance narrowing of the intersubband optical emission spectra are obtained and shown to be influenced by the process of intersubband plasmon excitation. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. [S0003-6951(98)01841-5]. C1 SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Elect Engn, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Kisin, MV (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Elect Engn, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. EM garik@sbee.sunysb.edu NR 19 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD OCT 12 PY 1998 VL 73 IS 15 BP 2075 EP 2077 DI 10.1063/1.122382 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 128UX UT WOS:000076427700003 ER PT J AU Prochazka, AV Weaver, MJ Keller, RT Fryer, GE Licari, PA Lofaso, D AF Prochazka, AV Weaver, MJ Keller, RT Fryer, GE Licari, PA Lofaso, D TI A randomized trial of nortriptyline for smoking cessation SO ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID MAJOR DEPRESSION; NICOTINE WITHDRAWAL; SMOKERS; PLACEBO; REINFORCEMENT; CLONIDINE; SYMPTOMS; THERAPY; HEAVY AB Background: Smoking cessation rates with current therapy are suboptimal. One class of drugs that may improve cessation is the tricyclics. Objective: To add nortriptyline hydrochloride to a behavioral smoking cessation program to enhance cessation rates and reduce withdrawal symptoms. Subjects and Methods: We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial at an affiliated Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center and an Army Medical. Center. Subjects were aged 18 through 70 years, smoked 10 or more cigarettes per day, and were without current major depression. Nortriptyline hydrochloride or matched placebo was started at 25 mg before bed 10 days prior to quit day and titrated to 75 mg/d or to the maximal tolerated dose. The behavioral intervention consisted of 2 group sessions and 12 individual follow-up visits. Withdrawal symptoms were measured using a daily diary, and smoking cessation was defined as self-reported abstinence, expired carbon monoxide of 9 ppm or less, and a 6-month urine cotinine level of less than 50 ng/mL. Results: A total of 214 patients were randomized (108 to nortriptyline and 106 to placebo). There was a significant reduction in several withdrawal symptoms including anxious/tense, anger/irritability, difficulty concentrating, restlessness, and impatience by day 8 after quit day in the nortriptyline group. The cessation rate at 6 months was 15 (14%) of 108 and 3 (3%) of 106, respectively (P = .003; absolute difference, 11%; 95% confidence interval, -18% to -4%). Nortriptyline caused frequent adverse effects, including dry mouth (64%) and dysgeusia (20%). Conclusions: We conclude that nortriptyline led to an increased short-term cessation rate compared with placebo. In addition, there were significant, but relatively small, reductions in withdrawal symptoms. Nortriptyline may represent a new therapeutic approach to smoking cessation. C1 Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Denver, CO 80220 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Gen Internal Med, Denver, CO USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Family Med, Denver, CO USA. Fitzsimons Army Med Ctr, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. Inteck Inc, Denver, CO USA. USA, Med Detachment 528, Ft Bragg, NC USA. RP Prochazka, AV (reprint author), Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Ambulatory Care 11B,1055 Clermont, Denver, CO 80220 USA. NR 30 TC 113 Z9 118 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-9926 J9 ARCH INTERN MED JI Arch. Intern. Med. PD OCT 12 PY 1998 VL 158 IS 18 BP 2035 EP 2039 DI 10.1001/archinte.158.18.2035 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 128PY UT WOS:000076416100012 PM 9778204 ER PT J AU Vladimiroff, T AF Vladimiroff, T TI A density functional study of tetranitromethane SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE-THEOCHEM LA English DT Article DE tetranitromethane; density functional theory; ab initio theory; vibrational frequencies; molecular structure ID APPROXIMATION; EXCHANGE; ENERGY AB The structure and vibrational frequencies are calculated for tetranitromethane in conjunction with a 6-31G* basis set. The structural parameters obtained from density functional theory are compared to the more conventional SCF and MP2 methods and to experimentally determined values. It was found that molecular geometries were best calculated using MP2, local and hybrid density functional methods. The non-local density functional methods produced unacceptably long values for the C-N bonds. Hybrid density functional theory produced the best vibrational frequencies when they were scaled with the factors proposed by Wong. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, ARDEC, Warheads Energet & Combat Support Armaments Ctr, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. RP Vladimiroff, T (reprint author), USA, ARDEC, Warheads Energet & Combat Support Armaments Ctr, Bldg 3124, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. EM tvladim@pica.army.mil NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-1280 J9 J MOL STRUC-THEOCHEM JI Theochem-J. Mol. Struct. PD OCT 12 PY 1998 VL 452 BP 233 EP 236 DI 10.1016/S0166-1280(98)00152-3 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 129DV UT WOS:000076448800022 ER PT J AU Lee, SL Windover, D AF Lee, SL Windover, D TI Phase, residual stress, and texture in triode-sputtered tantalum coatings on steel SO SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 25th International Conference on Metallurgical Coatings and Thin Films CY APR 25-MAY 01, 1998 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA SP Vacuum Met, Thin Film Div, AVS DE sputtering; triode sputtering; tantalum; phase; texture; stress ID THIN-FILMS; DEPOSITION AB This work reports the analysis of the prototype triode-sputtered, 150-mu m thick tantalum coatings deposited with a 2.5-mu m niobium under-layer onto the bore of a large-diameter A723 steel cylinder at Pacific Northwest Lab for wear and erosion protection. Our phase determination was based on X-ray diffraction (XRD), wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence (WDXRF), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), hardness and electrical resistivity measurements. Both X-ray diffraction and radius-of-curvature methods were used to determine residual stresses. A locally developed high-resolution pole figure technique was used to perform texture analysis. The post-firing, debonded coating showed: alpha-tantalum with preferred [110] orientation and high tensile surface stresses, surface tantalum oxides, entrapped krypton sputtering gas, interstitial oxygen and other impurities. The surface and sub-surface pole figures revealed broadened poles and bcc alpha-tantalum crystalline structure. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Armament Res, Ctr Dev & Engn, Benet Labs, Watervliet, NY 12189 USA. RP Lee, SL (reprint author), USA, Armament Res, Ctr Dev & Engn, Benet Labs, Watervliet, NY 12189 USA. EM sabrilee@pica.army.mil NR 18 TC 18 Z9 23 U1 3 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0257-8972 J9 SURF COAT TECH JI Surf. Coat. Technol. PD OCT 10 PY 1998 VL 108 IS 1-3 BP 65 EP 72 DI 10.1016/S0257-8972(98)00666-5 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 142LY UT WOS:000077203000011 ER PT J AU Eisenberger, MA Blumenstein, BA Crawford, ED Miller, G McLeod, DG Loehrer, PJ Wilding, G Sears, K Culkin, DJ Thompson, IM Bueschen, AJ Lowe, BA AF Eisenberger, MA Blumenstein, BA Crawford, ED Miller, G McLeod, DG Loehrer, PJ Wilding, G Sears, K Culkin, DJ Thompson, IM Bueschen, AJ Lowe, BA TI Bilateral orchiectomy with or without flutamide for metastatic prostate cancer SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID PHASE-III; PROGNOSTIC FACTORS; CLINICAL-TRIAL; CARCINOMA; DIETHYLSTILBESTROL; CASTRATION; NILUTAMIDE; THERAPY; ACETATE AB Background Combined androgen blockade for the treatment of metastatic prostate cancer consists of an antiandrogen drug plus castration. In a previous trial, we found that adding the antiandrogen flutamide to leuprolide acetate (a synthetic gonadotropin-releasing hormone that results in medical ablation of testicular function) significantly improved survival as compared with that achieved with placebo plus leuprolide acetate. In the current trial, we compared flutamide plus bilateral orchiectomy with placebo plus orchiectomy. Methods We randomly assigned patients who had never received antiandrogen therapy and who had distant metastases from adenocarcinoma of the prostate to treatment with bilateral orchiectomy and either flutamide or placebo. Patients were stratified according to the extent of disease and according to performance status. Results Of the 1387 patients who were enrolled in the trial, 700 were randomly assigned to the flutamide group and 687 to the placebo group. Overall, the incidence of toxic effects was minimal; the only notable differences between the groups were the greater rates of diarrhea and anemia with flutamide. There was no significant difference between the two groups in overall survival (P=0.14). The estimated risk of death (hazard ratio) for flutamide as compared with placebo was 0.91 (90 percent confidence interval, 0.81 to 1.01). Flutamide was not associated with enhanced benefit in patients with minimal disease. Conclusions The addition of flutamide to bilateral orchiectomy does not result in a clinically meaningful improvement in survival among patients with metastatic prostate cancer. (N Engl J Med 1998;339: 1036-42.) (C) 1998, Massachusetts Medical Society. C1 SW Oncol Grp SWOG 8894, Operat Off, Ctr Stat, San Antonio, TX 78245 USA. Johns Hopkins Hosp, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. Univ Colorado, Denver, CO 80202 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Indiana Univ, Med Ctr, Indianapolis, IN USA. Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Clin Canc, Madison, WI USA. Univ Oklahoma, Hlth Sci Ctr, Oklahoma City, OK USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Portland, OR 97201 USA. RP Eisenberger, MA (reprint author), SW Oncol Grp SWOG 8894, Operat Off, Ctr Stat, 14980 Omicron Dr, San Antonio, TX 78245 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA32102, CA42777, CA38926] NR 25 TC 558 Z9 576 U1 2 U2 13 PU MASS MEDICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 10 SHATTUCK, BOSTON, MA 02115 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD OCT 8 PY 1998 VL 339 IS 15 BP 1036 EP 1042 DI 10.1056/NEJM199810083391504 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 126LL UT WOS:000076294800004 PM 9761805 ER PT J AU Pan, D Towe, E Kennerly, S AF Pan, D Towe, E Kennerly, S TI Normal-incidence intersubband (In, Ga)As/GaAs quantum dot infrared photodetectors SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ABSORPTION AB We report the device performance of normal-incidence (In, Ga)As/GaAs quantum dot intersubband infrared photodetectors. A primary intersubband transition peak is observed at the wavelength of 13 mu m (E-0 --> E-1) and a secondary peak at 11 mu m (E-0 --> E-2). The measured energy spacing in the conduction band of the quantum dots is in good agreement with low temperature photoluminescence measurement and calculations. A peak detectivity of 1 x 10(10) cm Hz(1/2)/W at 13 mu m was achieved at 40 K for these devices. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. [S0003-6951(98)01440-5]. C1 Univ Virginia, Lab Opt & Quantum Elect, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Semicond, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. RP Pan, D (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Lab Opt & Quantum Elect, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. NR 11 TC 293 Z9 300 U1 6 U2 39 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD OCT 5 PY 1998 VL 73 IS 14 BP 1937 EP 1939 DI 10.1063/1.122328 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 124LF UT WOS:000076183300005 ER PT J AU Liitsola, K Tashkinova, I Laukkanen, T Korovina, G Smolskaja, T Momot, O Mashkilleyson, N Chaplinskas, S Brummer-Korvenkontio, H Vanhatalo, J Leinikki, P Salminen, MO AF Liitsola, K Tashkinova, I Laukkanen, T Korovina, G Smolskaja, T Momot, O Mashkilleyson, N Chaplinskas, S Brummer-Korvenkontio, H Vanhatalo, J Leinikki, P Salminen, MO TI HIV-1 genetic subtype A/B recombinant strain causing an explosive epidemic in injecting drug users in Kaliningrad SO AIDS LA English DT Article DE injecting drug users; outbreak; epidemic; intersubtype recombinant; molecular epidemiology ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; FORMER SOVIET-UNION; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; TYPE-1 EPIDEMIC; V3 LOOP; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; RUSSIAN-FEDERATION; AFRICAN ORIGIN AB Objectives: To investigate the molecular epidemiology and genetic structure of the virus strain(s) causing an outbreak of HIV-1 infection in the Kaliningrad province of the Russian Federation and to investigate the relationship of this outbreak to some other emerging HIV-1 epidemics in the countries of the former Soviet Union. Design: A molecular epidemiological investigation was conducted in the city of Kaliningrad amongst individuals recently diagnosed as HIV-l-positive. Samples were also collected from neighbouring Lithuania and from the Ukraine. Methods: Incident and population data was collected from official health statistics in Kaliningrad. A standardized questionnaire was administered to newly diagnosed individuals to assess risk factors for HIV-1 infection. For genotyping, two regions of the virus (env C2-V3 and gag NCp7) were directly sequenced. Results: The number of newly diagnosed individuals testing seropositive for HIV-1 infection in Kaliningrad rose from less than one per month to more than 100 per month during the period of July-October 1996. A total of 1335 new infections were identified between 1 July 1996 and 30 June 1997. The main reported risk factor for HIV-1 infection (80%) was injecting drug use, in particular with a locally produced opiate. Sequence analysis of patient viruses in Kaliningrad (n = 50) showed that the epidemic was caused by a highly homogenous HIV-1 strain, recombinant between the genetic subtypes A and B. Comparison with subtype A strains prevalent amongst injecting drug users (IDU) in the Ukraine showed that one of these strains was the direct subtype A parent of the epidemic A/B recombinant strain in Kaliningrad. Conclusions: The HIV-1 epidemic in Kaliningrad probably started from a single source, with rapid spread of the virus through the IDU population. The origin of the epidemic strain is a recombination event occurring between the subtype A strain virus prevalent among IDU in some southern CIS countries, and a subtype B strain of unknown origin. (C) 1998 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. C1 Natl Publ Hlth Inst, Dept Infect Dis Epidemiol, HIV Lab, FIN-00300 Helsinki, Finland. Kaliningrad AIDS Ctr, Kaliningrad, Russia. St Petersburg Pasteur Inst, St Petersburg, Russia. AIDS Prevent Ctr Lithuania, Vilnius, Lithuania. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, Rockville, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Henry M Jackson Fdn Advancement Mil Med, Rockville, MD USA. RP Liitsola, K (reprint author), Natl Publ Hlth Inst, Dept Infect Dis Epidemiol, HIV Lab, Mannerheimintie 166, FIN-00300 Helsinki, Finland. RI Salminen, Mika/D-8784-2013 OI Salminen, Mika/0000-0003-3020-0866 NR 77 TC 155 Z9 157 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0269-9370 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD OCT 1 PY 1998 VL 12 IS 14 BP 1907 EP 1919 DI 10.1097/00002030-199814000-00023 PG 13 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 128RJ UT WOS:000076419900023 PM 9792392 ER PT J AU Tartaglia, J Excler, JL EL Habib, R Limbach, K Meignier, B Plotkin, S Klein, M AF Tartaglia, J Excler, JL EL Habib, R Limbach, K Meignier, B Plotkin, S Klein, M TI Canarypox virus-based vaccines: Prime-boost strategies to induce cell-mediated and humoral immunity against HIV SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; CD8(+) T-CELL; RECOMBINANT VACCINIA; NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODY; RHESUS MACAQUES; DNA VACCINATION; PRIMARY ISOLATE; TYPE-1; IMMUNIZATION; RESPONSES C1 Virogenet Corp, Troy, NY 12180 USA. Pasteur Merieux Connaught France, F-92430 Marnes La Coquette, France. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Pasteur Merieux Connaught France, F-69280 Marcy Letoile, France. RP Tartaglia, J (reprint author), Virogenet Corp, 465 Jordan Rd,Rensselaer Technol Pk, Troy, NY 12180 USA. NR 58 TC 49 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 14 SU 3 BP S291 EP S298 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 133CV UT WOS:000076669600017 PM 9814957 ER PT J AU Taylor, AJ Beller, GA AF Taylor, AJ Beller, GA TI Postexercise systolic blood pressure response: Clinical application to the assessment of ischemic heart disease SO AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN LA English DT Article ID CORONARY-ARTERY DISEASE; DIAGNOSTIC-VALUE; EXERCISE; RECOVERY AB Stress test parameters indicating the presence and extent of coronary artery disease have traditionally included such variables as exercise duration, anti the blood pressure and ST-segment responses to exercise. The three-minute systolic blood pressure ratio, another important indicator of significant coronary artery disease, is a useful and readily obtainable measure that can be applied in all patients who are undergoing stress testing for the evaluation of known or suspected ischemic heart disease. The ratio is calculated by divining the systolic blood pressure three minutes into the recovery phase of a treadmill exercise test by the systolic blood pressure at peak exercise. A three-minute systolic blood pressure ratio greater than 0.90 is considered abnormal and has a diagnostic accuracy of approximately 75 percent for the detection of coronary artery disease (i.e., an accuracy comparable to that of ST-segment depression). Higher values for the ratio are associated with more extensive coronary artery disease, as well as an adverse prognosis after myocardial infarction. Thus, the three-minute systolic blood pressure ratio provides information that is complementary to the traditional exercise test parameters for identifying high-risk ischemic heart disease. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Cardiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Taylor, AJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Cardiol, Bldg 2,Room 4A, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 11 TC 3 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD FAMILY PHYSICIANS PI KANSAS CITY PA 8880 WARD PARKWAY, KANSAS CITY, MO 64114-2797 USA SN 0002-838X J9 AM FAM PHYSICIAN JI Am. Fam. Physician PD OCT 1 PY 1998 VL 58 IS 5 BP 1126 EP 1130 PG 5 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 127YP UT WOS:000076378600011 PM 9787278 ER PT J AU Meffert, JJ AF Meffert, JJ TI Waist no time SO AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN LA English DT Article C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Wilford Hall Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78259 USA. RP Meffert, JJ (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Wilford Hall Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78259 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD FAMILY PHYSICIANS PI KANSAS CITY PA 8880 WARD PARKWAY, KANSAS CITY, MO 64114-2797 USA SN 0002-838X J9 AM FAM PHYSICIAN JI Am. Fam. Physician PD OCT 1 PY 1998 VL 58 IS 5 BP 1185 EP 1186 PG 2 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 127YP UT WOS:000076378600016 PM 9787283 ER PT J AU Morgan, DA Wolbert, BJ Owens, PG Opheim, GS AF Morgan, DA Wolbert, BJ Owens, PG Opheim, GS TI A computer software application for managing occupational exposure data SO AMERICAN INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE ASSOCIATION JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE computer application; data management; health hazard inventory; management information system; pen-based computer; software AB The Health Hazard Information Module is the U.S. Army's computer software application for managing occupational exposure data. The project mission is to utilize automated information systems technology to improve the overall effectiveness of industrial hygiene programs. Field industrial hygiene professionals document their survey methods, findings, conclusions, and recommendations with a portable, pen-based computer. Back at the office, the data are electronically transferred to a desktop workstation. Users can generate standard or customized reports in hard copy or electronic formats. Annually, users transfer their data to a corporate mainframe computer. The software incorporates appropriate information and represents an excellent template worth examining during the ongoing international effort to standardize occupational exposure data. Planned refinements include distributing the software to other Department of Defense agencies and making it commercially available for a nominal fee through the National Technical Information Service in the near future. C1 USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Directorate Occupat Hlth Sci, Ind Hyg Management Program,MCHB TS OIM, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Prevent Med Serv, MCHJ PM IH, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. RP Morgan, DA (reprint author), USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Directorate Occupat Hlth Sci, Ind Hyg Management Program,MCHB TS OIM, 5158 Blackhawk Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE ASSOC PI FAIRFAX PA 2700 PROSPERITY AVE #250, FAIRFAX, VA 22031-4307 USA SN 0002-8894 J9 AM IND HYG ASSOC J JI Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 59 IS 10 BP 723 EP 728 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 130TQ UT WOS:000076536800009 PM 9794070 ER PT J AU Kiesz, RS Rozek, MM Ebersole, DG Mego, DM Chang, C Chilton, RL AF Kiesz, RS Rozek, MM Ebersole, DG Mego, DM Chang, C Chilton, RL TI Novel approach to rotational atherectomy results in low restenosis rates in long calcified lesions: Long-term results of the San Antonio rotablator study (SARS). SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Audie Murphy Div, San Antonio, TX USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-9149 J9 AM J CARDIOL JI Am. J. Cardiol. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 82 IS 7A SI SI BP 83S EP 83S PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 128LR UT WOS:000076408200220 ER PT J AU Hoeldtke, N Wagner, RK Moore, KH Calhoun, BC Hume, RF AF Hoeldtke, N Wagner, RK Moore, KH Calhoun, BC Hume, RF TI Adrenomedullin concentrations in umbilical cord plasma of uncomplicated term pregnancies SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE adrenomedullin; fetus; umbilical cord ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; SMOOTH-MUSCLE CELLS; HYPOTENSIVE PEPTIDE; IMMUNOREACTIVE ADRENOMEDULLIN; CIRCULATING ADRENOMEDULLIN; HYPERTENSION; FAILURE AB OBJECTIVE: The study's objective was to determine whether there is a difference in the plasma concentration of adrenomedullin, a hypotensive peptide, between arterial and venous umbilical cord blood of uncomplicated gestations with vaginal delivery. STUDY DESIGN: Arterial and venous umbilical cord blood was obtained immediately after vaginal delivery of 44 term infants with uncomplicated antepartum and intrapartum courses. Radioimmunoassay was performed to assess adrenomedullin concentrations in the plasma. The paired t test was used to compare arterial and venous concentrations. Significance was set at P<.05. RESULTS: Mean +/- SE adrenomedullin concentrations were 178.7 +/- 4.7 pg/mL and 190.6 +/- 6.3 pg/mL for arterial and venous cord plasma, respectively. The difference between the 2 concentrations was not significant (11.8 pg/mL, P=.09). CONCLUSION: Arterial and venous umbilical plasma concentrations of adrenomedullin do not differ significantly in uncomplicated gestations terminating with uncomplicated vaginal deliveries. This suggests that in the normal state there is neither net production nor net clearance of adrenomedullin in the placenta. C1 Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Tacoma, WA USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Tacoma, WA USA. RP Hoeldtke, N (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 20 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0002-9378 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 179 IS 4 BP 1071 EP 1074 DI 10.1016/S0002-9378(98)70217-0 PG 4 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 129RC UT WOS:000076475900045 PM 9790400 ER PT J AU Brooks, GA Wolfel, EE Butterfield, GE Cymerman, A Roberts, AC Mazzeo, RS Reeves, JT AF Brooks, GA Wolfel, EE Butterfield, GE Cymerman, A Roberts, AC Mazzeo, RS Reeves, JT TI Poor relationship between arterial [lactate] and leg net release during exercise at 4,300 m altitude SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-REGULATORY INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE exertion; environment; blockade; hypoxia; acclimatization; adaptation; epinephrine; norepinephrine ID SKELETAL-MUSCLE; SUBMAXIMAL EXERCISE; CHRONIC HYPOXIA; ACCLIMATIZATION; METABOLISM; ADAPTATIONS; EXTRACTION; SUBSTRATE; TRANSPORT; RELIANCE AB We evaluated the hypotheses that on acute exposure to hypobaric hypoxia, sympathetic stimulation leads to augmented muscle lactate production and circulating [lactate] through a beta-adrenergic mechanism and that beta-adrenergic adaptation to chronic hypoxia is responsible for the blunted exercise lactate response after acclimatization to altitude. Five control and 6 beta-blocked men were studied during rest and exercise at sea level(SL), on acute exposure to 4,300 m (Al), and after a 3-wk sojourn at altitude (A2). Exercise was by leg cycling at 49% of SL peak O-2 consumption ((V) over dot O-2peak) (65% of altitude (V) over dot O-2peak or 87 +/- 2.6 W); beta-blockade was by propranolol (80 mg 3x daily), femoral arterial and venous blood was sampled; leg blood flow ((Q) over dot) was measured by thermodilution, leg lactate net release [(L) over dot = (2) (1-leg Q) venous-arterial concentration(L)] was calculated, and vastus lateralis needle biopsies were obtained. Muscle [lactate] increased with exercise and acute altitude exposure but regressed to SL values with acclimatization; beta-blockade had no effect on muscle [lactate]. Arterial [lactate] rose during exercise at SL (0.9 +/- 0.1 to 1.5 +/- 0.3 mM); exercise at Al produced the greatest arterial [lactate] (4.4 +/- 0.8 mM), and exercise at A2 an intermediate response (2.1 +/- 0.6 mM). beta-Blockade reduced circulating [lactate] similar to 45% during exercise under all altitude conditions. (L) over dot increased transiently at exercise onset but then declined over time under all conditions. Blood and muscle "lactate paradoxes" occurred independent of beta-adrenergic influences, and the hypotheses relating the blood lactate response at altitude to beta-adrenergic mechanisms are rejected. During exercise at altitude, arterial [lactate] is determined by factors in addition to hypoxemia, circulating epinephrine, and net lactate release from active muscle beds. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Integrat Biol, Exercise Physiol Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Palo Alto Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Geriatr Res Educ Clin Ctr, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Brooks, GA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Integrat Biol, Exercise Physiol Lab, 5101 Valley Life Sci Bldg, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. FU NIAMS NIH HHS [AR-42906]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-19577] NR 33 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0363-6119 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-REG I JI Am. J. Physiol.-Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 275 IS 4 BP R1192 EP R1201 PG 10 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA 125KB UT WOS:000076235800031 PM 9756550 ER PT J AU Koenig, SC Convertino, VA Fanton, JW Reister, CA Gaffney, FA Ludwig, DA Krotov, VP Trambovetsky, EV Latham, RD AF Koenig, SC Convertino, VA Fanton, JW Reister, CA Gaffney, FA Ludwig, DA Krotov, VP Trambovetsky, EV Latham, RD TI Evidence for increased cardiac compliance during exposure to simulated microgravity SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-REGULATORY INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE head-down tilt; central venous pressure; adrenergic function; blood pressure ID VENOUS-PRESSURE; PLASMA-VOLUME; HEART-RATE; TIME AB We measured hemodynamic responses during 4 days of head-down tilt (HDT) and during graded lower body negative pressure (LBNP) in invasively instrumented rhesus monkeys to test the hypotheses that exposure to simulated microgravity increases cardiac compliance and that decreased stroke volume, cardiac output, and orthostatic tolerance are associated with reduced left ventricular peak dP/dt. Six monkeys underwent two 4-day (96 h) experimental conditions separated by 9 days of ambulatory activities in a crossover counterbalance design: 1) continuous exposure to 10 degrees HDT and 2) similar to 12-14 h per day of 80 degrees head-up tilt and 10-12 h supine (control condition). Each animal underwent measurements of central venous pressure (CVP), left ventricular and aortic pressures, stroke volume, esophageal pressure (EsP), plasma volume, alpha(1)- and beta(1)-adrenergic responsiveness, and tolerance to LBNP. HDT induced a hypovolemic and hypoadrenergic state with reduced LBNP tolerance compared with the control condition. Decreased LBNP tolerance with HDT was associated with reduced stroke volume, cardiac output, and peak dP/dt. Compared with the control condition, a 34% reduction in CVP (P = 0.010) and no change in left ventricular end-diastolic area during HDT was associated with increased ventricular compliance (P = 0.0053). Increased cardiac compliance could not be explained by reduced intrathoracic pressure since EsP was unaltered by HDT. Our data provide the first direct evidence that increased cardiac compliance was associated with headward fluid shifts similar to those induced by exposure to spaceflight and that reduced orthostatic tolerance was associated with lower cardiac contractility. C1 Physiol Res Branch, Div Clin Sci, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. Vet Sci Div, Res Support Branch, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. Univ N Carolina, Dept Math Sci, Greensboro, NC 27412 USA. Inst Biomed Problems, Moscow 123007, Russia. RP Convertino, VA (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave,Bldg 3611, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 28 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0363-6119 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-REG I JI Am. J. Physiol.-Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 275 IS 4 BP R1343 EP R1352 PG 10 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA 125KB UT WOS:000076235800048 PM 9756567 ER PT J AU Kariuki, MM Kiaira, JK Mulaa, FK Mwangi, JK Wasunna, MK Martin, SK AF Kariuki, MM Kiaira, JK Mulaa, FK Mwangi, JK Wasunna, MK Martin, SK TI Plasmodium falciparum: Purification of the various gametocyte developmental stages from in vitro-cultivated parasites SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID PHOSPHOINOSITIDE HYDROLYSIS; DNA-SYNTHESIS; CULTURE AB Cultivated Plasmodium falciparum gametocytes reach maturity in vitro in approximately 14-16 days, during which they pass through five morphologically distinct developmental stages. Purification of the earlier developmental stages has not been previously reported. We have modified the standard discontinuous Percoll gradient method for the separation of stage IV and V gametocytes to obtain enriched preparations of those and the earlier P. falciparum gametocyte stages. In contrast to the stages II, III, and IV, the mature stage V gametocytes from our gradient readily transformed into gametes, Such preparations may be useful in research studies on the mechanisms that underlie gametocytogenesis. C1 Univ Nairobi, Dept Biochem, Nairobi, Kenya. Kenya Med Res Inst, Clin Res Ctr, Nairobi, Kenya. USA, Med Res Unit, Nairobi, Kenya. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Martin, SK (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 16 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DRIVE SUITE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 59 IS 4 BP 505 EP 508 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 129QD UT WOS:000076473700004 PM 9790418 ER PT J AU Thompson, GH Hunter, DA AF Thompson, GH Hunter, DA TI Nicotine replacement therapy SO ANNALS OF PHARMACOTHERAPY LA English DT Review DE nicotine replacement; dependence ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; SMOKING CESSATION; CHEWING-GUM; TRANSDERMAL NICOTINE; HEALTH CONSEQUENCES; CIGARETTE-SMOKING; DEPENDENCE; ADDICTION; PATCH; DELIVERY AB OBJECTIVE: To review the literature on nicotine dependence, nicotine pharmacology, health consequences associated with the use of nicotine, and nicotine replacement therapies used to aid smokers who are nicotine dependent. DATA SOURCES: A review of articles, book bibliographies, and published studies identified by a search of the MEDLINE database from 1982 to 1996 on nicotine dependence, nicotine addiction, nicotine withdrawal, smoking, smoking cessation, smoking intervention, nicotine pharmacology, nicotine pharmacokinetics, nicotine pharmacodynamics, and nicotine replacement therapies. STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION: Inclusion criteria were published randomized, double-blind trials of at least 12 weeks' duration, meta-analyses, and panel consensus guidelines. DATA SYNTHESIS: Cigarette smoking and tobacco use have met the surgeon general's primary criteria as well as additional criteria for drug dependence. Drug dependence requires that the drug produce psychoactive effects. Nicotine has been identified as the cause of tobacco dependence. First, nicotine provides positive reinforcement by stimulating nicotinic receptors to promote high self-administration rates. Second nicotine causes a negative reinforcement in the form of withdrawal symptoms when nicotine is withheld after chronic use. Nicotine replacement therapy reduces the severity of withdrawal symptoms in smokers abstaining from tobacco. Nicotine replacement therapy allows the smoker to focus on psychosocial aspects of tobacco abstinence while receiving relief from withdrawal symptoms. The long-term effectiveness and health benefits of nicotine replacement therapy coupled with nonpharmacologic approaches have been clearly established. Smoking cessation has received wide attention from the public and medical communities; it is complex and has several interwoven factors to be considered. The psychological, behavioral, and physical components have to be understood before designing a treatment plan. The most successful approaches to smoking cessation involve multicomponent multisession behavioral treatment programs as a foundation coupled with pharmacologic intervention. Pharmacists can play a key role in initiating behavior change and ensuring the safe and proper use of nicotine replacement in order to produce the desired outcome. CONCLUSIONS: The optimum choice in nicotine replacement depends on the individual's needs and coping abilities. Individualized nicotine replacement coupled with nonpharmacologic interventions produces the highest rate of success for abstinence from nicotine. C1 USA, Darnall Army Community Hosp, Dept Pharm, Ft Hood, TX 76544 USA. MediLife Pharm Network, Knoxville, TN USA. RP Thompson, GH (reprint author), USA, Darnall Army Community Hosp, Dept Pharm, Ft Hood, TX 76544 USA. NR 43 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 5 U2 20 PU HARVEY WHITNEY BOOKS CO PI CINCINNATI PA PO BOX 42696, CINCINNATI, OH 45242 USA SN 1060-0280 J9 ANN PHARMACOTHER JI Ann. Pharmacother. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 32 IS 10 BP 1067 EP 1075 DI 10.1345/aph.17382 PG 9 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 127ZF UT WOS:000076380200012 PM 9793600 ER PT J AU McNesby, KL Skaggs, RR Miziolek, AW Clay, M Hoke, SH Miser, CS AF McNesby, KL Skaggs, RR Miziolek, AW Clay, M Hoke, SH Miser, CS TI Diode-laser-based measurements of hydrogen fluoride gas during chemical suppression of fires SO APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS LA English DT Article AB Near-infrared tunable diode laser (NIR-TDL) spectroscopy is used to quantify HF gas produced during fire suppressant testing of Halon alternatives. Results of comparisons with other techniques for measuring HF gas concentrations are discussed. Measurements of HF gas produced in laboratory and real-scale fire suppression testing are presented. The necessity for time-resolved measurements during testing of suppression systems designed to scavenge HF gas is demonstrated. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Aberdeen Test Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP McNesby, KL (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 10 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 6 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0946-2171 J9 APPL PHYS B-LASERS O JI Appl. Phys. B-Lasers Opt. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 67 IS 4 BP 443 EP 447 DI 10.1007/s003400050528 PG 5 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA 133YA UT WOS:000076714100006 ER PT J AU Norton, SA AF Norton, SA TI Integrity in justifying surgery for aging SO ARCHIVES OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 USA, Serv Dermatol, RW Bliss Army Hlth Ctr, Ft Huachuca, AZ 85613 USA. RP Norton, SA (reprint author), USA, Serv Dermatol, RW Bliss Army Hlth Ctr, Ft Huachuca, AZ 85613 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-987X J9 ARCH DERMATOL JI Arch. Dermatol. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 134 IS 10 BP 1295 EP 1295 DI 10.1001/archderm.134.10.1295 PG 1 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 129QH UT WOS:000076474100024 PM 9841636 ER PT J AU Battafarano, DF Battafarano, NJ Larsen, L Dyer, PD Older, SA Muehlbauer, S Hoyt, A Lima, J Goodman, D Lieberman, M Enzenauer, RJ AF Battafarano, DF Battafarano, NJ Larsen, L Dyer, PD Older, SA Muehlbauer, S Hoyt, A Lima, J Goodman, D Lieberman, M Enzenauer, RJ TI Antigen-specific antibody responses in lupus patients following immunization SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Article ID PNEUMOCOCCAL POLYSACCHARIDE VACCINE; INFLUENZA VACCINATION; PROTECTIVE EFFICACY; HIGH-RISK; ERYTHEMATOSUS; TETANUS; DIPHTHERIA; CRITERIA; TOXOIDS; TRIAL AB Objective. To determine the safety and efficacy of 3 clinically relevant vaccines in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods. We studied 73 consecutive SLE patients immunized with pneumococcal, tetanus toroid (TT), and Haemophilus influenzae type B (HIB) vaccines. Patients were evaluated preimmunization and 12 weeks postimmunization for disease activity and immunization side effects. Results. Eighty-four percent of the SLE patients developed a 4-fold titer increase in response to at least 1 vaccine with 51% developing a 2-fold titer increase with all 3 vaccines. The majority of SLE patients developed protective levels of antibody to TI (90%) and HIB (88%). Although protective antibody levels could not be determined for pneumococcus, almost half of the patients (47%) developed a 4-fold antibody response. There was a trend toward a lower antibody response in patients with active disease treated with immunosuppressive therapy. Overall lupus disease activity was unaffected by immunization. Conclusion. Immunization is safe in SLE patients,,vith the overwhelming majority developing protective antibody levels. Therefore, SLE patients should receive immunizations according to the recommendations of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Immunization Practices Advisory Committee. C1 Fitzsimons Army Med Ctr, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Battafarano, DF (reprint author), Acad Hlth Sci, Dept Med Sci, MCCS-HM,STE 1230,3151 Scott Rd, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 46 TC 83 Z9 88 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 41 IS 10 BP 1828 EP 1834 DI 10.1002/1529-0131(199810)41:10<1828::AID-ART15>3.0.CO;2-T PG 7 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 127FZ UT WOS:000076341300014 PM 9778224 ER PT J AU Dillard, TA Rajagopal, KR Slivka, WA Berg, BW Mehm, WJ Lawless, NP AF Dillard, TA Rajagopal, KR Slivka, WA Berg, BW Mehm, WJ Lawless, NP TI Lung function during moderate hypobaric hypoxia in normal subjects and patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID HIGH-ALTITUDE; AIR-TRAVEL; SEA-LEVEL; FLOW; HYPOXEMIA; EXPOSURE AB Background: We sought to describe changes in spirometric variables and lung volume subdivisions in healthy subjects and patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) during moderate acute hypobaric hypoxia as occurs during air travel. We further questioned whether changes in lung function may associate with reduced maximum ventilation or worsened arterial blood gases. Methods: Ambulatory patients with COPD and healthy adults comprised the study populations (n = 27). We obtained baseline measurements of spirometry lung volumes and arterial blood gases from each subject at sea level and repeated measurements during altitude exposure to 8000 ft (2438 m) above sea level in a man-rated hypobaric chamber. Results: Six COPD patients and three healthy subjects had declines in FVC during altitude exposure greater than the 95% confidence interval (CI) for expected within day variability (p < 0.05). Average forced vital capacity (FVC) declined by 0.123 +/- 0.254 L (mean +/- SD; 95% CI = -0.255, -0.020; p < 0.05) for all subjects combined. The magnitude of decline in FVC did not differ between groups (p > 0.05) and correlated with increasing residual volume (r = -0.455; <0.05). Change in maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV) in the COPD patients equaled -1.244 +/- 4.797 L . min(-1) (95% CI = -3.71, 1.22; p = 0.301). Decline in maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV) in the COPD patients correlated with decreased FVC (r = 0.630) and increased RV (r = -0.546; p < 0.05). Changes in spirometric variables for patients and controls did not explain significant variability in the arterial blood gas variables PaO2, PaCo2 or pH at altitude. Conclusions: We observed a decline in forced vital capacity in some COPD patients and normal subjects greater than expected for within day variability. Spirometric changes correlated with changes in reduced maximum voluntary ventilation in the patients but not with changes in resting arterial blood gases. C1 Madigan Army Med Ctr, MCHJ MPU, Pulm Crit Care Serv, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Lab Sci, Washington, DC 20306 USA. RP Dillard, TA (reprint author), Madigan Army Med Ctr, MCHJ MPU, Pulm Crit Care Serv, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. NR 27 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 69 IS 10 BP 979 EP 985 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 123KY UT WOS:000076125400009 PM 9773900 ER PT J AU Bhattacharjee, AK Karle, JM AF Bhattacharjee, AK Karle, JM TI Functional correlation of molecular electronic properties with potency of synthetic carbinolamine antimalarial agents SO BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE antimalarial agent; mefloquine; halofantrine; stereoelectronic properties; computational chemistry ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; CROSS-RESISTANCE; SOLVATION MODEL; MEFLOQUINE; MALARIA; HYDROCHLORIDE; HALOFANTRINE AB Specific calculated molecular electronic properties of structurally diverse synthetic aromatic carbinolamines containing phenanthrene, quinoline, and N-substituted biphenyl rings are associated with antimalarial potency allowing use of these electronic features in the prediction of antimalarial efficacy, thus aiding the design of new antimalarial agents. These electronic features include the magnitude and location of 3-dimensional molecular electrostatic potentials, lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals, and highest occupied molecular orbitals. Stereoelectronic properties were calculated using quantum chemical AM1 methods on the optimized geometry of the lowest energy or most populated conformer in both gaseous and aqueous environments. In the phenanthrene carbinolamines, the aliphatic nitrogen atom and the hydroxyl proton are intrinsically more nucleophilic and less electrophilic, respectively, than in the nonphenanthrene compounds. Hydrogen bonding ability and the electrophilic nature of the aromatic ring appear to be two important features responsible for interaction with receptor molecules. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Pharmacol, Div Expt Therapeut, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Karle, JM (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Pharmacol, Div Expt Therapeut, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 24 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0968-0896 J9 BIOORGAN MED CHEM JI Bioorg. Med. Chem. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 6 IS 10 BP 1927 EP 1933 DI 10.1016/S0968-0896(98)00146-1 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Organic SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry GA 136KM UT WOS:000076858000026 PM 9839022 ER PT J AU Kiesz, RS Rozek, MM Mego, DM Patel, V Ebersole, DG Chilton, RJ AF Kiesz, RS Rozek, MM Mego, DM Patel, V Ebersole, DG Chilton, RJ TI Acute directional coronary atherectomy prior to stenting in complex coronary lesions: ADAPTS study SO CATHETERIZATION AND CARDIOVASCULAR DIAGNOSIS LA English DT Article DE atherectomy; stents; restenosis; complex lesions ID CONVENTIONAL BALLOON ANGIOPLASTY; MUSCLE CELL-PROLIFERATION; PALMAZ-SCHATZ STENTS; INTRAVASCULAR ULTRASOUND; INTRACORONARY IMPLANTATION; QUANTITATIVE-ANALYSIS; THREATENED CLOSURE; LUMEN ENLARGEMENT; ARTERIAL INJURY; PORCINE MODEL AB The purpose of this study was to determine the results of directional coronary atherectomy (DCA) combined with stenting in a high-risk patient population. The use of stenting or DCA alone for aorto-ostial lesions, total chronic occlusions, long lesions, and lesions containing thrombus is associated with lowered success and a relatively high restenosis rate. Between July 1993 and October 1996, we treated 89 lesions with the combined approach of DCA and stenting in 60 consecutive patients. Thirty-one (51.7%) patients were treated because of unstable angina, 11 (18.3%) for post-myocardial infarction (MI) angina, 3 (5.0%) for acute MI, and 15 (25.0%) patients for stable angina. A total of 43 (71.7%) patients had multivessel disease, 19 (31.7%) had undergone previous coronary artery bypass graft (CABG), and 17 (28.3%) patients had undergone multivessel revascularization. The procedure was successful in all patients; and no postprocedural deaths or emergent CABG occurred. Two patients (3.3%) had non-Q-wave MI after the procedure and 1 patient(1.7%) experienced Q-wave MI due to subacute stent closure 7 days after the procedure. During follow-up ranging from 6 months to 3 years, 2 (3.3%) patients died, 2 (3.3%) required CABG surgery, 1 (1.7%) patient had an MI, and 6 patients (10.0%) required target vessel revascularization. By the quantitative coronary angiography, the initial minimal luminal diameter (MLD) averaged 0.91 +/- 0.45 mm(74.7 +/- 11.8% stenosis) increasing to 3.80 +/- 0.44 mm (-6.7 +/- 12.1%) after the combined approach procedure. Thirty patients (50.0%) met criteria for late (greater than or equal to 6 months) angiographic follow-up. Late MLD loss averaged 1.13 +/- 1.07 mm, for a mean net gain of 1.61 +/- 1.23 mm. Available angiographic follow-up evaluation showed a restenosis rate of 13.3%, A combined approach, defined as the use of both DCA and stenting, is safe and yields a low restenosis rate in high-risk patients who have lesions known to respond less favorably to stenting or DCA alone. (C) 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Cardiol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Syst, Audie Murphy Div, San Antonio, TX USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Kiesz, RS (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Cardiol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. EM kiesz@uthscsa.edu NR 56 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0098-6569 J9 CATHETER CARDIO DIAG JI Catheter. Cardiovasc. Diagn. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 45 IS 2 BP 105 EP 112 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0304(199810)45:2<105::AID-CCD1>3.0.CO;2-G PG 8 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 125NH UT WOS:000076243300001 PM 9786384 ER PT J AU Munsey, TE Powell, SB AF Munsey, TE Powell, SB TI Threat to the public and the profession SO CIVIL ENGINEERING LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA Corps Engineers, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 USA SN 0885-7024 J9 CIVIL ENG JI Civil Eng. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 68 IS 10 BP 120 EP 120 PG 1 WC Engineering, Civil SC Engineering GA 127TR UT WOS:000076367100052 ER PT J AU Bounlu, K Insisiengmay, S Vanthanouvong, K Widjaja, SS Iinuma, K Matsubayashi, K Laras, K Putri, MP Endy, TP Vaughn, DW Raengsakulrach, B Hyams, KC Hayden, M Scheffel, C Corwin, AL AF Bounlu, K Insisiengmay, S Vanthanouvong, K Widjaja, SS Iinuma, K Matsubayashi, K Laras, K Putri, MP Endy, TP Vaughn, DW Raengsakulrach, B Hyams, KC Hayden, M Scheffel, C Corwin, AL TI Acute jaundice in Vientiane, Lao People's Democratic Republic SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID HEPATITIS-G VIRUS; WATERBORNE OUTBREAK; VIRAL-HEPATITIS; HIGH PREVALENCE; TRANSMISSION; DIAGNOSIS; PITFALLS; TROPICS; VIETNAM; VIREMIA AB Analysis of serum samples from patients with acute jaundice by means of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and polymerase chain reaction testing provided the first profile of this condition in Vientiane, Lao PDR, in 1995 and 1996, In a case-control, hospital-based study, evidence of acute infections due to hepatitis A and B viruses was found in 14% and 10% of cases, respectively. Hepatitis E virus, however, did not appear to contribute to clinically recognized acute jaundice. Similarly, antibody to hepatitis C virus was recognized in almost equal proportions of cases (8%) and controls (6%), thus representing probable background infections. The detection of hepatitis G virus marks the first report of this virus in Lao PDR. The large proportion (21%) of new leptospiral infections in cases without acute hepatitis A or B was notable. This finding suggests significant regional underreporting of leptospirosis as a cause of acute jaundice. The limited laboratory diagnostic capabilities for confirming a differential diagnosis of leptospirosis contribute to the lack of attention paid to this important health problem. C1 USN, Med Res Unit, Jakarta, Indonesia. Dainabot Co, Chiba, Japan. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. USN, Med Res Inst, Bethesda, MD USA. Abbott Labs, Abbott Pk, IL 60064 USA. RP Corwin, AL (reprint author), NAMRU 2, Box 3,Unit 8132, APO, AP 96520 USA. NR 19 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5801 S ELLIS AVENUE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 27 IS 4 BP 717 EP 721 DI 10.1086/514948 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 129ZF UT WOS:000076493400011 PM 9798023 ER PT J AU White, TE AF White, TE TI Status of measurement techniques for coastal sediment transport SO COASTAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Review DE instruments; sediment; tracer; trap; optics; acoustics ID SAND TRANSPORT; SUSPENDED SEDIMENT; SHEET FLOW; NEW-YORK; FIELD; SIZE; BACKSCATTER; TRACERS; SENSORS; ENVIRONMENT AB The known methods for measuring coastal sediment transport in the field may be described and categorized as total traps, suspension traps, tracers, optics, acoustics, impact, conductivity, and radiation. There are different applicable situations and reasons for using each of the methods, relative to each other and to models. Each technique has a unique history of development, theory of use, means of translating the data into sediment transport, advantages and limitations, practical tricks for successful use, problems encountered in their use, and solutions to these problems. Different methods are applicable to problems of different temporal and spatial scales, ranging from fractions of a second to years and from millimeters to kilometers. Some methods measure bedload, others suspension, and some total transport. Some devices measure only sediment concentration or velocity and must be used in combination with other methods to determine transport. Some measure only longshore transport, some cross-shore, and others will measure either. The accuracy and cost of the methods may be compared. Despite the plethora of available methods, it is still not possible to make detailed or accurate field measurements of suspensions of mixed sizes, suspension very close to the seabed, or bedload. For these situations, older and cruder methods of traps and tracers are still used. There does not appear to be a systematic plan and program for correcting these measurement deficiencies. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Baird & Associates, Columbia, SC 29202 USA. USA, Waterways Expt Stn, Coastal Engn Res Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP White, TE (reprint author), Baird & Associates, POB 8056, Columbia, SC 29202 USA. EM t_white@columbia.baird.com NR 111 TC 35 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-3839 J9 COAST ENG JI Coast. Eng. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 35 IS 1-2 BP 17 EP 45 DI 10.1016/S0378-3839(98)00033-7 PG 29 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean SC Engineering GA 140UY UT WOS:000077107800003 ER PT J AU Irish, JL White, TE AF Irish, JL White, TE TI Coastal engineering applications of high-resolution lidar bathymetry SO COASTAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Scanning Hydrographic Operational Airborne Lidar Survey system; sediment transport; bathymetry AB In 1994, the US Army Corps of Engineers completed development of the Scanning Hydrographic Operational Airborne Lidar Survey (SHOALS) system, a state-of-the-art hydrographic survey instrument. Using lidar (Light Detection And Ranging) technology and operating from a Bell 212 helicopter, SHOALS remotely collects accurate, high-resolution bathymetry at a rate of 8 km(2)/h. A nominal depth-and-position measurement spacing of 4 m yields high-density bottom coverage of coastal projects, producing soundings from the above-water beach, or coastal structure, to depths of 40 m. Since becoming fully operational SHOALS surveyed over 2000 km(2) along the Atlantic Ocean, Pacific Ocean, Gulf of Mexico, Great Lakes, and Caribbean Sea. Survey projects varied from tidal inlets and navigation channels to beach nourishment and monitoring. These projects quantify current coastal structure condition, navigation channel alignments, and morphologic changes over time. In addition to monitoring coastal projects, sediment transport can be estimated with accurate, high-resolution bathymetry. Bathymetry can be translated into sediment transport through a combination of the sediment continuity equation, a surf zone energetics-based longshore transport formula, and bathymetric data. This paper presents the SHOALS system describing both lidar technology and the survey system. Several SHOALS data sets are presented to show today's benefits of high-resolution lidar bathymetry to the coastal engineering community. Finally, ongoing research using these unique data sets is presented to show the future benefits of lidar bathymetry to the coastal field. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Waterways Expt Stn, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Irish, JL (reprint author), USA, Waterways Expt Stn, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. OI Irish, Jennifer/0000-0002-2429-5953 NR 27 TC 56 Z9 62 U1 2 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-3839 J9 COAST ENG JI Coast. Eng. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 35 IS 1-2 BP 47 EP 71 DI 10.1016/S0378-3839(98)00022-2 PG 25 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean SC Engineering GA 140UY UT WOS:000077107800004 ER PT J AU Howell, GL AF Howell, GL TI Shallow water directional wave gages using short baseline pressure arrays SO COASTAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE directional wave gage; short baseline pressure array; wave direction analysis ID BUOY AB Directional wave gages that use arrays of closely spaced subsurface pressure sensors are described. A typical array uses three pressure sensors arranged in a 1.8 m equilateral triangle. These arrays are attractive because of their low operation costs and long-term reliability. The short baseline is the same size required for a bottom mounted tripod such as used for the more familiar PUV shallow water directional wave gages. Like the PUV the short array can be considered a single point measurement. This avoids questions of spatial homogeneity associated with large arrays and remote sensing gages in shallow water. An important advantage of the pressure sensors is superior resistance to bio-fouling. Multi-year deployments without maintenance are possible for modem pressure sensors even in highly bioactive waters. The principles of operation, data analysis techniques, and design details are summarized from a users perspective. An example of data from an SBLA deployment in Yaquina, OR shows a storm which measured H-mo of 8 m in 17-m water depth. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B,V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Waterways Expt Stn, Corps Engineers, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Howell, GL (reprint author), USA, Waterways Expt Stn, Corps Engineers, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 20 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-3839 J9 COAST ENG JI Coast. Eng. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 35 IS 1-2 BP 85 EP 102 DI 10.1016/S0378-3839(98)00031-3 PG 18 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean SC Engineering GA 140UY UT WOS:000077107800006 ER PT J AU Perfetto, SP Malone, JD Hawkes, C McCrary, G August, B Zhou, S Garner, R Dolan, MJ Brown, AE AF Perfetto, SP Malone, JD Hawkes, C McCrary, G August, B Zhou, S Garner, R Dolan, MJ Brown, AE TI CD38 expression on cryopreserved CD8+ T cells predicts HIV disease progression SO CYTOMETRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Quantitative Immunofluorescence Measurement CY NOV, 1997 CL OTTAWA, CANADA DE relative fluorescence intensity; immunophenotyping; CD38 antigen; prognosis; human immunodeficiency virus; acquired immunodeficiency syndrome ID INFECTION AB Precious studies hare revealed that the expression of CD38 on CD8(+) T cells is a strong predictor of disease progression in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals, Those studies were performed using fresh patient samples over an extended trial period. After demonstrating the validity of assay results on cryopreserved cells, we performed a retrospective study using frozen cell samples to determine the predictive value of CD38 expression in patients with CD4 counts above 400 cells/mu L. The CD38 expression as measured by antibody binding capacity and the CD38 median channel were shown to be associated with time to new opportunistic infection or death (both P < 0.001), These results suggest that CD38 expression on CD8(+) T cells, whether fresh or frozen, provides a useful predictor of HIV disease progression (C) 1998 Wiley-Liss,Inc. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Mol Diagnost & Pathogenesis, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD USA. Natl Naval Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. RP Perfetto, SP (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Mol Diagnost & Pathogenesis, 1600 E Gude Dr, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. NR 11 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0196-4763 J9 CYTOMETRY JI Cytometry PD OCT 1 PY 1998 VL 33 IS 2 BP 133 EP 137 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0320(19981001)33:2<133::AID-CYTO7>3.0.CO;2-K PG 5 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 124WL UT WOS:000076205700006 PM 9773873 ER PT J AU Dalsgaard, A Serichantalergs, O Forslund, A Pitarangsi, C Echeverria, P AF Dalsgaard, A Serichantalergs, O Forslund, A Pitarangsi, C Echeverria, P TI Phenotypic and molecular characterization of Vibrio cholerae O1 isolated in Samutsakorn, Thailand before, during and after the emergence of V-cholerae O139 SO EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Article ID FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; BIOTYPE EL-TOR; SEROGROUP O1; 0139 BENGAL; TOXIN GENES; STRAINS; INDIA; BANGLADESH; CLONE; CALCUTTA AB Seventy clinical strains of Vibrio cholerae O1 isolated from 1982-96 in Samutsakorn, a port city 30 km southwest of Bangkok where cholera occurs at low levels with regular seasonality, were characterized to investigate if there were any differences among the O1 strains isolated before, during and after the O139 epidemic. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) typing, ribotyping and southern blot hybridization with a cholera toxin probe (CT genotyping) demonstrated several genotypes among O1 strains isolated before the emergence of V. cholerae O139. However, O1 strains isolated during and after the advent of O139 showed identical ribotypes which were distinctly different from the types identified in strains isolated before the emergence of O139. Ribotypes identified in strains during and after the advent of O139 were also demonstrated by O1 strains isolated immediately before the emergence of O139. Considering the seasonality of cholera in Samutsakorn, the identical ribotype and CT genotype and the closely related PFGE types shown by all O1 strains isolated during and after the appearance of O139 is remarkable and suggest that the V, cholerae O1 strain may reemerge from an environmental source. A subgroup of V. cholerae O1 strains isolated before the emergence of the O139 epidemic had a ribotype identical to a type demonstrated by O139 strains isolated in Thailand. Our results support similar findings in Bangladesh and India that a distinct O1 strain appeared during the O139 epidemic. However, compared with the apparent identical strain which replaced O139 in Bangladesh and India, the emerged O1 strain in Samutsakorn showed a different ribotype and CT genotype. C1 Royal Vet & Agr Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. RP Dalsgaard, A (reprint author), Royal Vet & Agr Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol, 13 Bulowsvej, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark. NR 38 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 USA SN 0950-2688 J9 EPIDEMIOL INFECT JI Epidemiol. Infect. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 121 IS 2 BP 259 EP 268 DI 10.1017/S0950268898001125 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 139FV UT WOS:000077018100003 PM 9825775 ER PT J AU Barrett, A Prakash, A Sakelakos, D Taub, I Cohen, S Ohashi, Y AF Barrett, A Prakash, A Sakelakos, D Taub, I Cohen, S Ohashi, Y TI Moisture migration in idealized bilayer systems: relationships among water-associated properties, structure, and texture SO FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS LA English DT Article ID WHEY-PROTEIN GELS; BETA-LACTOGLOBULIN; VISCOELASTIC PROPERTIES; GELATION MECHANISM; CALCIUM-CHLORIDE; MICROSTRUCTURE; COMPRESSION; AGGREGATION; TEMPERATURE; CONCENTRATE AB The effects of composition and thermal treatment on the water sorption and diffusional properties of idealized protein gels arranged in bilayer configurations were determined; these water binding/migration properties were related to the mechanical characteristics of the gels. Samples were prepared from whey protein concentrate (WPC), they consisted of water:WPC ratios of 1.5 to 5.67, and were thermally set for 20-60 min. Moisture migration rates from samples interfaced with filters were determined, as were moisture sorption capacities of samples immersed in water. The physical properties of the gels were assessed by uniaxial compression and microscopy. Results showed that gel strength and consequent extent of protein interaction-as affected by thermal treatment-controlled the ability of the gel structure to absorb water. Sorption was exponentially correlated with gel modulus and linearly correlated with a function of protein content, heating time, and immersion time. Rates of diffusion from interfaced gels were dependent solely on water content. It was concluded that the degree of protein interaction, whether influenced by concentration or thermal treatment, affected network extensibility and thus the capacity of the gels to act as receptors of moisture. Results have implications for the functionality of shelf-stable sandwiches and other multicomponent foods. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Natick Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Sustainabil Directorate, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Chapman Univ, Dept Food Sci & Nutr, Orange, CA 92666 USA. USA, Natick Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Survivabil Directorate, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Barrett, A (reprint author), USA, Natick Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Sustainabil Directorate, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 41 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0268-005X J9 FOOD HYDROCOLLOID JI Food Hydrocolloids PD OCT PY 1998 VL 12 IS 4 BP 401 EP 408 DI 10.1016/S0268-005X(98)00053-8 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 138MP UT WOS:000076975900005 ER PT J AU Gerber, JP Williams, GN Scoville, CR Arciero, RA Taylor, DC AF Gerber, JP Williams, GN Scoville, CR Arciero, RA Taylor, DC TI Persistent disability associated with ankle sprains: A prospective examination of an athletic population SO FOOT & ANKLE INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID FUNCTIONAL INSTABILITY; INJURY; REHABILITATION; LIGAMENTS AB The purpose of this study was to examine a young athletic population to update the data regarding epidemiology and disability associated with ankle injuries. At the United States Military Academy, all cadets presenting with ankle injuries during a 2-month period were included in this prospective observational study. The initial evaluation included an extensive questionnaire, physical examination, and radiographs, Ankle sprain treatment included a supervised rehabilitation program. Subjects were reevaluated at 6 weeks and 6 months with subjective assessment, physical examination, and functional testing, The mean age for all subjects was 20 years (range, 17-24 years). There were 104 ankle injuries accounting for 23% of all injuries seen. There were 96 sprains, 7 fractures, and 1 contusion. Of the 96 sprains, 4 were predominately medial injuries, 76 were lateral, and 16 were syndesmosis sprains. Ninety-five percent had returned to sports activities by 6 weeks; however, 55% of these subjects reported loss of function or presence of intermittent pain, and 23% had a decrement of >20% in the lateral hop test when compared with the uninjured side. At 6 months, all subjects had returned to full activity; however, 40% reported residual symptoms and 2.5% had a decrement of >20% on the lateral hop test. Neither previous injury nor ligament laxity was predictive of chronic symptomatology. Furthermore, chronic dysfunction could not be predicted by the grade of sprain (grade I vs. II). The factor most predictive of residual symptoms was a syndesmosis sprain, regardless of grade. Syndesmosis sprains were most prevalent in collision sports. This study demonstrates that even though our knowledge and understanding of ankle sprains and rehabilitation of these injuries have progressed in the last 20 years, chronic ankle dysfunction continues to be a prevalent problem. The early return to sports occurs after almost every ankle sprain; however, dysfunction persists in 40% of patients for as long as 6 months after injury. Syndesmosis sprains are more common than previously thought, and this confirms that syndesmosis sprains are associated with prolonged disability. C1 Keller Army Community Hosp, Phys Therapy Clin, USA Sports Phys Therapy Residency Program, W Point, NY 10996 USA. Keller Army Community Hosp, Orthopaed Serv, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Gerber, JP (reprint author), Keller Army Community Hosp, Phys Therapy Clin, USA Sports Phys Therapy Residency Program, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 30 TC 288 Z9 298 U1 2 U2 32 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1071-1007 J9 FOOT ANKLE INT JI Foot Ankle Int. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 19 IS 10 BP 653 EP 660 PG 8 WC Orthopedics SC Orthopedics GA 130ND UT WOS:000076525400002 PM 9801078 ER PT J AU Sjogren, MH Holtzmuller, K Kadakia, S Lawitz, E Siogren, R Loughney, T Deguide, J AF Sjogren, MH Holtzmuller, K Kadakia, S Lawitz, E Siogren, R Loughney, T Deguide, J TI High response rate to interferon/ribavirin (INF/RIB) treatment in HCV relapsers but not in non-responders. SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Kaiser Permanente, Falls Church, VA USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD OCT PY 1998 VL 28 IS 4 SU S MA 498 BP 287A EP 287A PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 125VQ UT WOS:000076258100499 ER PT J AU Seeff, LB Miller, RN Rabkin, CS Bales, ZB Smoak, BL Johnson, LD Kaplan, EL AF Seeff, LB Miller, RN Rabkin, CS Bales, ZB Smoak, BL Johnson, LD Kaplan, EL TI 45-50 year follow-up of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among young military recruits. SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Med Ctr, Washington, DC USA. Inst Med, Med Follow Up Agcy, Washington, DC USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Natl Canc Inst, Bethesda, MD USA. NIAID, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD OCT PY 1998 VL 28 IS 4 SU S MA 791 BP 360A EP 360A PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 125VQ UT WOS:000076258100789 ER PT J AU Katz, DE Kaplan, KJ Holtzmuller, KC Goodman, ZD Sjogren, MH AF Katz, DE Kaplan, KJ Holtzmuller, KC Goodman, ZD Sjogren, MH TI The natural history of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD OCT PY 1998 VL 28 IS 4 SU S MA 2027 BP 669A EP 669A PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 125VQ UT WOS:000076258102024 ER PT J AU Sjogren, MH Holtzmuller, K Deguide, J Squire, O Nicholson, D Rosen, D AF Sjogren, MH Holtzmuller, K Deguide, J Squire, O Nicholson, D Rosen, D TI Superiority of induction dosing in the treatment of chronic hepatitis C. SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD OCT PY 1998 VL 28 IS 4 SU S MA 2178 BP 707A EP 707A PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 125VQ UT WOS:000076258102177 ER PT J AU Bahder, TB AF Bahder, TB TI Correlations between GPS and USNO Master Clock time SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS LA English DT Letter AB The U.S. Naval Observatory Master Clock is used to steer the Global Positioning System (GPS) time. Time transfer data consisting of the difference between die Master Clock and GPS time has been acquired from all satellites in the GPS constellation covering a time period from 10 October 1995 to 12 December 1995. A Fourier analysis of the data shows a distinct peak in the Fourier spectrum corresponding to approximately a one day period. In order to determine this period more accurately, correlations are computed between successive days of the data, and an average of twenty five correlation functions shows that there exists a correlation equal to 0.52 at delay time 23 h 56 min, which corresponds to twice the average GPS satellite period. This correlation Indicates that GPS time, as measured by the U.S. Naval Observatory, is periodic with respect to the Master Clock, with a period of 23 h and 56 min. An autocorrelation of a five day segment of data indicates that these correlations persist for four successive days. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Bahder, TB (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9251 J9 IEEE T AERO ELEC SYS JI IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 34 IS 4 BP 1350 EP 1355 DI 10.1109/7.722720 PG 6 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 127WF UT WOS:000076373000023 ER PT J AU Kanayama, YJ Krahn, GW AF Kanayama, YJ Krahn, GW TI Theory of two-dimensional transformations SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ROBOTICS AND AUTOMATION LA English DT Article DE group theory; heterogeneous transformations; trajectory generation; transformation; two-dimensional transformation AB This paper proposes a new "heterogeneous" two-dimensional (2-D) transformation group [T, o] to solve motion analysis/planning problems in robotics. In this theory, we use a 3 x 1 matrix to represent a transformation as opposed to a 3 x 3 matrix in the homogeneous formulation, First, this theory is as capable as the homogeneous theory. Because of the minimal size, its implementation requires less memory space and less computation time, and it does not have the rotational matrix inconsistency problem. Furthermore, the raw rotation angle theta is more useful than the trigonometric values, cos theta and sin theta, in the homogeneous transformations. This paper also discusses how to apply the group [T, o] to solve problems related to motion analysis/planning, trajectory generation, and others. This heterogeneous formulation has been successfully implemented in the MML software system for the autonomous mobile robot Yamabico-11 developed at the Naval Postgraduate School. C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Comp Sci, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Math Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Comp Sci, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM kanayama@cs.nps.navy.mil; ag2609@usma2.usma.edu NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1042-296X J9 IEEE T ROBOTIC AUTOM JI IEEE Trans. Robot. Autom. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 14 IS 5 BP 827 EP 834 DI 10.1109/70.720359 PG 8 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Robotics SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering; Robotics GA 123HF UT WOS:000076119200018 ER PT J AU Byrne, MP Smith, TJ Montgomery, VA Smith, LA AF Byrne, MP Smith, TJ Montgomery, VA Smith, LA TI Purification, potency, and efficacy of the botulinum neurotoxin type A binding domain from Pichia pastoris as a recombinant vaccine candidate SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID FOREIGN GENE-EXPRESSION; TETANUS TOXIN; NEUROTRANSMITTER RELEASE; PROTEOLYTIC CLEAVAGE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; HEAVY SUBUNIT; B NEUROTOXIN; A NEUROTOXIN; SEROTYPE-A AB Recombinant botulinum neurotoxin serotype A binding domain [BoNT/A(H-c)], expressed in Pichia pastoris, was developed as a vaccine candidate for preventing botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT/A) intoxication, After fermentation and cell disruption, BoNT/A(H-c) was purified by using a three-step chromatographic process consisting of expanded-bed chromatography, Mono S cation-exchange chromatography, and hydrophobic interaction chromatography. Two pools of immunogenic product were separated on the Mono S column and processed individually, Both products were more than 95% pure and indistinguishable by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, Western blot analysis, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Each protein was assayed for potency in mice at immunogen doses ranging from 2.4 ng to 10 mu g, followed by challenge with 1,000 mouse intraperitoneal 50% lethal doses (i.p. LD50) of BoNT/A, The calculated 50% effective dose for both peaks was approximately 0.1 mu g/mouse, Peak 1 was evaluated further in a mouse efficacy assay. Mice were injected either once, twice, or three times at five different doses and subsequently challenged with 100,000 mouse i.p. LD50 of BoNT/A, In general, multiple injections protected better than one, with complete or nearly complete protection realized at doses of greater than or equal to 0.5 mu g/mouse. Serum neutralization and ELISA titers were also determined. Tellingly, 82 of 83 mice with antibody titers of greater than or equal to 1,600, as measured by ELISA, survived, but only 6 of 42 mice with titers of less than or equal to 100 survived. This work shows that the purified BoNT/A(H-c) produced was a highly effective immunogen, able to protect against a high challenge dose of neurotoxin. C1 USA, Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Toxinol, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Smith, LA (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Toxicol, Bldg 1425, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 33 TC 100 Z9 106 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 66 IS 10 BP 4817 EP 4822 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 122WU UT WOS:000076095100032 PM 9746584 ER PT J AU Heidenreich, A Sesterhenn, IA Mostofi, FK Moul, JW AF Heidenreich, A Sesterhenn, IA Mostofi, FK Moul, JW TI Immunohistochemical expression of monoclonal antibody 43-9F in testicular germ cell tumours SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE 43-9F; carcinoma in situ; embryonal carcinoma; germ cell tumour; non-seminomatous germ cell tumour (NSGCT); spermatocytic seminoma ID SQUAMOUS LUNG-CANCER; STAGE-I; EMBRYONAL CARCINOMA; CLINICAL STAGE; TESTIS; TUMORS; INTERGROUP; ANTIGEN; DISEASE; MARKER AB The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical utility of immunohistochemical staining of human testicular germ cell tumours with the monoclonal antibody 43-9F to distinguish embryonal carcinoma (EC) from other malignant germ cell components ill order to facilitate pathohistological assessment of prognostic risk factors for metastatic disease in clinical stage I NSGCT. Archival, formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue blocks of 24 classical seminomas, 7 spermatocytic seminomas, and 20 non-seminomatous germ cell tumours were stained for 43-9F, AFP, hCG and FLAP expression. Immunohistochemical expression was graded using a semi-quantitative scoring system: 1+ = 0-25%, 2+ = 26-50%, 3+ = 51-75% and 4+ = 76-100%. Positive immunohistochemical staining for 43-9F was found in all embryonal carcinomas and yolk sac tumours (YST); staining intensity was not statistically different between the two tumours (3.8 +/- 1.2 vs. 3.1 +/- 0.9) Classical seminomas and seminomatous components of NSGCT stained positive in 13/24 cases (54%); staining intensity was weak to moderate (1.1 +/- 0.7) in all but two cases (4+). Spermatocytic seminomas demonstrated weak positive immunostaining in 2/7 cases (29%). Adjacent CIS was found in 33/54 (61.1%) of tumours and 24/33 (72.7%) of CIS cells exhibited a weak to moderate staining intensity (1.4 +/- 0.7). AFP expression was found in 93% of YST and ill only 10% of EC; however, based on the focal staining pattern, adequate differentiation of YST and EC was not possible. Positive FLAP staining was observed in 75% of EC, 79% of seminomas and in 88% of CIS cells. We did not find 43-9F staining clinically useful to distinguish embryonal carcinoma from other germ cell tumour components such as yolk sac tumour. The detection rate of CIS by 43-9F immunohistochemical staining was low and combination of PLAP staining with light microscopy was even superior. Additionally, our study confirms the link between pre-invasive CIS and embryonal carcinoma and suggests the possible direct development of embryonal carcinoma front CIS. C1 Univ Cologne, Dept Urol, D-50924 Cologne, Germany. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Urol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Genitourinary Pathol Dept, Washington, DC 20306 USA. RP Heidenreich, A (reprint author), Univ Cologne, Dept Urol, Joseph Stelzmann Str 9, D-50924 Cologne, Germany. NR 20 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0105-6263 J9 INT J ANDROL JI Int. J. Androl. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 21 IS 5 BP 283 EP 288 PG 6 WC Andrology SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 135GW UT WOS:000076794300008 PM 9805244 ER PT J AU Segletes, SB AF Segletes, SB TI A frequency-based equation of state for metals SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE metals; equations-of-state; thermodynamic properties; anharmonicity ID MIE-GRUNEISEN EQUATION; UNIVERSAL FEATURES; THERMODYNAMIC STABILITY; SOLIDS; PRESSURE; CU; MO AB An analytical equation of state is offered for metals. The form, which arises when the complementary solution to the Gruneisen cold curve is mapped on to a term in the universal lattice potential, is expressible completely in terms of the characteristic temperature, Theta, and its derivatives. For one particularly useful special case, the results have been found to match both cold-curve and shock-Hugoniot data for a variety of metals. The equation is of the Gruneisen variety, in that the Gruneisen parameter is specified as a function of volume only. The equation is able to accurately model the behavior of many materials into the megabar range of pressures. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Segletes, SB (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0734-743X J9 INT J IMPACT ENG JI Int. J. Impact Eng. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 21 IS 9 BP 747 EP 760 DI 10.1016/S0734-743X(98)00028-1 PG 14 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA 136CN UT WOS:000076840600003 ER PT J AU Dell'Orco, MJ Chadik, PA Bitton, G Neumann, RP AF Dell'Orco, MJ Chadik, PA Bitton, G Neumann, RP TI Sulfide-oxidizing bacteria: their role during air-stripping SO JOURNAL AMERICAN WATER WORKS ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID ACTIVATED-SLUDGE; SULFUR BACTERIA; BEGGIATOA; GROUNDWATER; THIOTHRIX; OXIDATION; KINETICS; H2S AB Air-stripping used to remove hydrogen sulfide naturally present in many groundwater supplies, commonly causes sulfide-oxidation bacteria to proliferate. The role of sulfide-oxidizing bacteria during air-stripping was investigated in a diffused-air pilot reactor modeled after an existing treatment facility Visible bacterial filaments and biofilm developed within a few days and increased both the sulfide removed;from and turbidity;in the effluent. Total sulfide, dissolved oxygen; pH; and electrode potential were monitored at eight locations in the reactor to characterize the process. C1 USA, Environm Hlth Engn Div, USACHPPM W, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Designers & Planners, Arlington, VA 22204 USA. RP Dell'Orco, MJ (reprint author), USA, Environm Hlth Engn Div, USACHPPM W, Bldg 603,2nd Floor, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER WATER WORKS ASSOC PI DENVER PA 6666 W QUINCY AVE, DENVER, CO 80235 USA SN 0003-150X J9 J AM WATER WORKS ASS JI J. Am. Water Work Assoc. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 90 IS 10 BP 107 EP 115 PG 9 WC Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 129DY UT WOS:000076449100016 ER PT J AU Mason, CJ Kitsiripornchai, S Markowitz, LE Chanbancherd, P Supapongse, T Jugsudee, A Sirisopana, N Chuenchitra, C Torugsa, K VanCott, TC Michael, RA Mason, CJ AF Mason, CJ Kitsiripornchai, S Markowitz, LE Chanbancherd, P Supapongse, T Jugsudee, A Sirisopana, N Chuenchitra, C Torugsa, K VanCott, TC Michael, RA Mason, CJ TI Nationwide surveillance of HIV-1 prevalence and subtype in young Thai men SO JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES AND HUMAN RETROVIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE HIV-1; epidemiology; surveillance; prevalence; Thailand; Asia; military personnel ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; NORTHERN THAILAND; ENZYME-IMMUNOASSAY; RISK-FACTORS; INFECTION; TRANSMISSION; PROBABILITY; EPIDEMIC; BINDING; PROGRAM AB As part of routine surveillance, an HIV-1 serosurvey of 366,074 members of successive cohorts of young Thai men entering service with the Royal Thai Army (RTA) was conducted between November 1989 and November 1995. We analyzed regional and temporal trends in HIV-1 seroprevalence in young men in Thailand and determined the proportion of infections resulting from subtypes E and B in this population in 1992 and 1995. The prevalence in 1992 was compared with that in 1995 by region and demographic group. The HIV-1 subtype was determined in a random sample of HIV-l-positive specimens in 1992 and 1995 using a V3 peptide enzyme immunoassay. From a peak of 3.7% in 1993, overall seroprevalence declined to 3.0% in 1994 and further in 1995 to 2.5%. Between 1992 and 1995, the absolute decrease in seroprevalence was greatest in the upper North (from 12.5% to 5.3%), where the prevalence has been the highest. Overall, 96.9% and 95.9% of typable specimens were determined to be subtype E in 1992 and 1995, respectively. Decline in HIV-1 seroprevalence among young men in Thailand has continued, which suggests that HIV control programs in Thailand may have been successful in decreasing spread of HIV-1. Almost all HIV-1 infections resulted from subtype E. C1 Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Hyg & Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. Army Inst Pathol, Bangkok, Thailand. Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD USA. RP Mason, CJ (reprint author), Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, 315-6 Rajvithi Rd, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. OI MASON, CARL/0000-0002-3676-2811 NR 34 TC 32 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1077-9450 J9 J ACQ IMMUN DEF SYND JI J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. Hum. Retrovirol. PD OCT 1 PY 1998 VL 19 IS 2 BP 165 EP 173 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 126EJ UT WOS:000076279700010 PM 9768626 ER PT J AU Paulavicius, G Mitin, V Stroscio, MA AF Paulavicius, G Mitin, V Stroscio, MA TI Hot-optical-phonon effects on electron relaxation in an AlGaAs/GaAs quantum cascade laser structure SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MONTE-CARLO; POLAR SEMICONDUCTORS; LO PHONONS; TRANSPORT; WIRES; GAAS; DYNAMICS; WELLS; SCATTERING; TRANSITIONS AB The influence of hot-phonon effects on coupled electron-phonon system relaxation dynamics in an AlGaAs/GaAs quantum cascade laser structure at 10 K has been investigated by the ensemble Monte Carlo technique. The GaAs quantum well laser system considered herein supports lasing between two electron subbands separated by 295 meV. After injection into the upper energy level, electrons transit to the lower subband by means of light emission or phonon-assisted scattering processes. Optical-phonon emission dominates among the latter radiationless electron relaxation channels making the carrier lifetime in the upper subband very short. Therefore, large threshold injection currents are required to create the electron population inversion necessary for lasing; this is one of the most significant shortcomings of quantum cascade lasers. The possibility of increasing the effective lifetime of carriers in the upper laser subband as a result of their return there from the lower subband by means of induced hot-optical-phonon reabsorption was proposed in the literature. However, our simulation results demonstrate that under realistic conditions the role of hot phonons is the opposite: substantial electron heating in the subbands and significant induced optical-phonon emission lead to a reduction in the electron population inversion causing an additional increase in the threshold currents. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. [S0021-8979(98)06518-9]. C1 Wayne State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27695 USA. RP Paulavicius, G (reprint author), Synopsys Inc, 700 E Middlefield Rd, Mt View, CA 94043 USA. NR 50 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD OCT 1 PY 1998 VL 84 IS 7 BP 3459 EP 3466 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 124LX UT WOS:000076184800004 ER PT J AU Young, AJ Castellani, JW O'Brien, C Shippee, RL Tikuisis, P Meyer, LG Blanchard, LA Kain, JE Cadarette, BS Sawka, RN AF Young, AJ Castellani, JW O'Brien, C Shippee, RL Tikuisis, P Meyer, LG Blanchard, LA Kain, JE Cadarette, BS Sawka, RN TI Exertional fatigue, sleep loss, and negative energy balance increase susceptibility to hypothermia SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE exhaustion; underfeeding; sleep deprivation; body temperature regulation ID THERMOREGULATORY RESPONSES; COLD WATER; EXERCISE; MEN; THERMOGENESIS; HYPOGLYCEMIA; STARVATION; WOMEN AB The purpose of this study was to determine how chronic exertional fatigue and sleep deprivation coupled with negative energy balance affect thermoregulation during cold exposure. Eight men wearing only shorts and socks sat quietly during 4-h cold air exposure (10 degrees C) immediately after (<2 h, A) they completed 61 days of strenuous military training (energy expenditure similar to 4,150 kcal/day, energy intake similar to 3,300 kcal/day, sleep similar to 4 h/day) and again after short (48 h, SR) and long (109 days, LR) recovery. Body weight decreased 7.4 kg from before training to A, then increased 6.4 kg by SR, with an additional 6.4 kg increase by LR. Body fat averaged 12% during A and SR and increased to 21% during LR. Rectal temperature (T-re) was lower before and during cold air exposure for A than for SR and LR. T-re declined during cold exposure in A and SR but not LR. Mean weighted skin temperature ((T) over bar(sk)) during cold exposure was higher in A and SR than in LR. Metabolic rate increased during all cold exposures, but it was lower during A and LR than SR. The mean body temperature (0.67 T-re 0.33 (T) over bar(sk)) threshold for increasing metabolism was lower during A than SR and LR. Thus chronic exertional fatigue and sleep loss, combined with underfeeding, reduced tissue insulation and blunted metabolic heat production, which compromised maintenance of body temperature. A short period of rest, sleep, and refeeding restored the thermogenic response to cold, but thermal balance in the cold remained compromised until after several weeks of recovery when tissue insulation had been restored. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. USN, Aerosp Med Res Lab, Pensacola, FL 32508 USA. Def & Civil Inst Environm Med, N York, ON M3M 3B9, Canada. RP Young, AJ (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM ayoung@natick-ccmail.army.mil NR 31 TC 58 Z9 58 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 85 IS 4 BP 1210 EP 1217 PG 8 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 126RJ UT WOS:000076306700003 PM 9760307 ER PT J AU Smith, SA Montain, SJ Matott, RP Zientara, GP Jolesz, FA Fielding, RA AF Smith, SA Montain, SJ Matott, RP Zientara, GP Jolesz, FA Fielding, RA TI Creatine supplementation and age influence muscle metabolism during exercise SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE aging; creatine monohydrate; phosphocreatine; skeletal muscle; magnetic resonance spectroscopy ID MAGNETIC-RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY; HUMAN SKELETAL-MUSCLE; PHOSPHOCREATINE RESYNTHESIS; REPEATED BOUTS; PERFORMANCE; INTERMITTENT; RESPIRATION; ENERGETICS; RECOVERY; FATIGUE AB Young [n = 5, 30 +/- 5 (SD) yr] and middle-aged (n = 4, 58 +/- 4 yr) men and women performed single-leg knee-extension exercise inside a whole body magnetic resonance system. Two trials were performed 7 days apart and consisted of two 2-min bouts and a third bout continued to exhaustion, all separated by 3 min of recovery. P-31 spectra were used to determine pH and relative concentrations of P-i phosphocreatine (PCr), and beta-ATP every 10 s. The subjects consumed 0.3 g . kg(-1) . day(-1) of a placebo (trial 1) or creatine (trial 2) for 5 days before each trial. During the placebo trial, the middle-aged group had a lower resting PCr compared with the young group (35.0 +/- 5.2 vs. 39.5 +/- 5.1 mmol/kg, P < 0.05) and a lower mean initial PCr resynthesis rate (18.1 +/- 3.5 vs. 23.2 +/- 6.0 mmol . kg(-1) . min(-1), P < 0.05). After creatine supplementation, resting PCr increased 15% (P < 0.05) in the young group and 30% (P < 0.05) in the middle-aged group to 45.7 +/- 7.5 vs. 45.7 +/-. 5.5 mmol/kg, respectively. Mean initial PCr resynthesis rate also increased in the middle-aged group (P < 0.05)to a level not different from the young group (24.3 +/- 3.8 vs. 24.2 +/- 3.2 mmol kg(-1) min(-1)). Time to exhaustion was increased in both groups combined after creatine supplementation (118 +/- 34 vs. 154 +/- 70 s, P < 0.05). In conclusion, creatine supplementation has a greater effect on PCr availability and resynthesis rate in middle-aged compared with younger persons. C1 Boston Univ, Sargent Coll Hlth & Rehabil Sci, Dept Hlth Sci, Boston, MA 02215 USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Brigham & Womens Hosp, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Fielding, RA (reprint author), Boston Univ, Sargent Coll Hlth & Rehabil Sci, Dept Hlth Sci, 4th Floor,635 Commonwealth Ave, Boston, MA 02215 USA. NR 36 TC 89 Z9 93 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 85 IS 4 BP 1349 EP 1356 PG 8 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 126RJ UT WOS:000076306700023 PM 9760327 ER PT J AU Docherty, CL Moore, JH Arnold, BL AF Docherty, CL Moore, JH Arnold, BL TI Effects of strength training on strength development and joint position sense in functionally unstable ankles SO JOURNAL OF ATHLETIC TRAINING LA English DT Article DE proprioception; ankle sprains; rehabilitation ID MUSCLE; INSTABILITY; BALANCE; PROPRIOCEPTION AB Objective: To examine the effects of ankle-strengthening exercises on joint position sense and strength development in subjects with functionally unstable ankles. Design and Setting: Subjects were randomly assigned to a training or control group. The training group participated in a 6-week strength-training protocol using rubber tubing 3 times a week throughout the training period. The control group did not participate in the strength-training protocol. Subjects: Twenty healthy college students (10 females, 10 males, age = 20.6 +/- 2.23 years; ht = 176.40 +/- 7.14 cm; wt = 74.18 +/- 10.17 kg) with a history of functional ankle instability volunteered to participate in this study. Measurements: We pretested and posttested dorsiflexor and evertor isometric strength with a handheld dynamometer and collected joint position sense (JPS) data at 20 degrees for inversion and plantar flexion and at 10 degrees for eversion and dorsiflexion. Results: Statistical tests for strength and JPS revealed significant group-by-time interactions for dorsiflexion strength, eversion strength, inversion JPS, and plantar flexion JPS. Simple main-effects testing revealed improvements in training group strength and JPS at posttesting. There were no significant effects for eversion JPS, but the group main effect for dorsiflexion JPS was significant, with the experimental group having better scores than the control group. Conclusions: Ankle-strengthening exercises improved strength, inversion JPS, dorsiflexion JPS, and plantar flexion JPS in subjects with functionally unstable ankles. C1 Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. USA, Acad Hlth Sci, Baylor Grad Phys Therapy Program, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. Univ Virginia, Curry Sch Educ, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. RP Docherty, CL (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. NR 32 TC 71 Z9 72 U1 1 U2 12 PU NATL ATHLETIC TRAINERS ASSOC INC PI DALLAS PA 2952 STEMMONS FREEWAY, DALLAS, TX 75247 USA SN 1062-6050 J9 J ATHL TRAINING JI J. Athl. Train. PD OCT-DEC PY 1998 VL 33 IS 4 BP 310 EP 314 PG 5 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 149NL UT WOS:000077611500002 PM 16558526 ER PT J AU DiFazio, MP Morales, J Davis, R AF DiFazio, MP Morales, J Davis, R TI Acute myoclonus secondary to group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus infection: A PANDAS variant SO JOURNAL OF CHILD NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID NEUROPSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS; RHEUMATIC-FEVER; ANTIBODIES; CHILDHOOD; CHOREA; MARKER C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Child & Adolescent Neurol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP DiFazio, MP (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Child & Adolescent Neurol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 13 TC 33 Z9 35 U1 2 U2 2 PU DECKER PERIODICALS INC PI HAMILTON PA 4 HUGHSON STREET SOUTH PO BOX 620, LCD 1, HAMILTON, ONTARIO L8N 3K7, CANADA SN 0883-0738 J9 J CHILD NEUROL JI J. Child Neurol. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 13 IS 10 BP 516 EP 518 PG 3 WC Clinical Neurology; Pediatrics SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pediatrics GA 128PG UT WOS:000076414700009 PM 9796759 ER PT J AU Dawson, NA AF Dawson, NA TI Apples and oranges: Building a consensus for standardized eligibility criteria and end points in prostate cancer clinical trials SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BONE-SCAN; PHASE-II; ADENOCARCINOMA; CARCINOMA; ANTIGEN; DISEASE AB Purpose: To survey eligibility and response criteria for clinical trials in hormone refractory prostate cancer (HRPC). Methods: Thirty-five established investigators of HRPC completed a 125-question survey Results: There was a general consensus that criteria total trial entry would include progression based on an increasing prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level (94% of investigators), an increase in measurable disease (91%), and/or appearance of new bone lesions on bone scan (83%), Most believed that castrate levels of testosterone (77%) and progression after antiandrogen withdrawal (97%) should be documented before study enrollment. Continuation of testicular androgen suppression would be required by 82%, Seventy-seven percent favored separate reports on response rates in bone, measurable disease, symptoms, and biochemical markers (primarily PSA levels), rather than a composite response, Ninety-four percent of the investigators accepted changes in PSA level as a surrogate end point of response. However, interpretation by these investigators tors of a PSA data set similar to what might be observed in a clinical trial showed marked discordance, Survival is the end point of most importance to 94% of these investigators. Response based on changes in measurable disease, time to progression, response duration, PSA level decrease, or quality of life improvement were of similar weighted value as a clinical trial end point and were rated as less important to these investigators than survival (P < 10(-8)). Conclusion: This survey indicates some consensus on eligibility and concomitant treatments for clinical studies in HRPC, The use of multiparameter assessment of response and PSA level as a surrogate end point have been widely adopted. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Hematol Oncol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Dawson, NA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Hematol Oncol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 27 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0732-183X J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 16 IS 10 BP 3398 EP 3405 PG 8 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 127JJ UT WOS:000076347100027 PM 9779719 ER PT J AU O'Brien, TK Sen, JK AF O'Brien, TK Sen, JK TI Tension-torsion behavior of glass epoxy flexbeam laminates SO JOURNAL OF COMPOSITES TECHNOLOGY & RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE glass epoxy; fatigue AB Quasi-static tension-torsion and tension-torsion fatigue tests were conducted on several candidate S2/F584 glass-epoxy flex-beam layups to establish their torsional strength and fatigue behavior in the presence of an axial load, determine typical damage mechanisms, and provide a database for developing predictive analytical methods. Tension-torsion specimens contained 0 degrees longitudinal plies and 15, 30, or 45 degrees angle plies in seven different stacking sequences. The angle plies were +/- 45 woven cloth in one layup and prepreg tape in the other layups. In the tape laminates, fatigue failures began with matrix cracks forming on the edge that initiated delaminations in the interfaces between the angle plies and 0 degrees plies. In the cloth laminates, a series of small "stair step" delaminations formed between the +/-45 cloth layers and initiated delaminations in the neighboring 0/45 interfaces. Tests indicated that the three layups with only 0 degrees and +/-45 degrees plies had the highest torsional strength in the presence of a constant axial load. Of the three strongest layups, the one in which the +/- 45 degrees plies were made of woven cloth fabric instead of prepreg tape was the strongest and had the longest fatigue life. C1 USA, Res Lab, Vehicle Technol Ctr, NASA Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA USA. McDonnell Douglas Helicopter Syst, Mesa, AZ USA. RP O'Brien, TK (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Vehicle Technol Ctr, NASA Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA USA. NR 1 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER SOC TESTING MATERIALS PI W CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DR, W CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 USA SN 0884-6804 J9 J COMPOS TECH RES JI J. Compos. Technol. Res. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 20 IS 4 BP 221 EP 226 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Composites; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Polymer Science GA 137MF UT WOS:000076918000003 ER PT J AU Kwon, H Venkatraman, M Nasrabadi, NM AF Kwon, H Venkatraman, M Nasrabadi, NM TI Multiscale video compression using adaptive finite-state vector quantization SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC IMAGING LA English DT Article ID QUANTIZERS; IMAGES AB We investigate the use of vector quantizers (VQs) with memory to encode image sequences. A multiscale Video coding technique using adaptive finite-state vector quantization (FSVQ) is presented. In this technique, a small codebook (subcodebook) is generated for each input vector from a much larger codebook (supercodebook) by the selection (through a reordering procedure) of a set of appropriate codevectors that is the best representative of the input vector. Therefore, the subcodebook dynamically adapts to the characteristics of the motion-compensated frame difference signal. Several reordering procedures are introduced, and their performance is evaluated. In adaptive FSVQ, two different methods, predefined thresholding and rate-distortion cost optimization, are used to decide between the supercodebook and subcodebook for encoding a given input vector. A cache-based vector quantizer, a form of adaptive FSVQ, is also presented for very-low-bit-rate video coding. An efficient bit-allocation strategy using quadtree decomposition is used with the cache-based VQ to compress the video signal. The proposed video codec outperforms H.263 in terms of the peak signal-to-noise ratio and perceptual quality at very low bit rates, ranging from 5 to 20 kbps. The picture quality of the proposed video codec is a significant improvement over previous codecs, in terms of annoying distortions (blocking artifacts and mosquito noises), and is comparable to that of recently developed wavelet-based video codecs. This similarity in picture quality can be explained by the fact that the proposed video codec uses multiscale segmentation and subsequent variable-rate coding, which are conceptually similar to wavelet-based coding techniques. The simplicity of the encoder and decoder of the proposed codec makes it more suitable than wavelet based coding for real-time, very-low-bit-rate video applications. (C) 1998 SPIE and IS&T. [S1017-9909(98)00204-9]. C1 SUNY Buffalo, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Amherst, NY 14220 USA. USA, Res Lab, Dep Army, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Kwon, H (reprint author), SUNY Buffalo, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Amherst, NY 14220 USA. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I S & T - SOC IMAGING SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY PI SPRINGFIELD PA 7003 KILWORTH LANE, SPRINGFIELD, VA 22151 USA SN 1017-9909 J9 J ELECTRON IMAGING JI J. Electron. Imaging PD OCT PY 1998 VL 7 IS 4 BP 725 EP 739 DI 10.1117/1.482660 PG 15 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Engineering; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 280LC UT WOS:000085103400003 ER PT J AU Ahmad, J Santhosh, U AF Ahmad, J Santhosh, U TI A metal matrix composite damage and life prediction model SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING FOR GAS TURBINES AND POWER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 42nd International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition CY JUN 02-05, 1997 CL ORLANDO, FLORIDA SP Int Gas Turbine Inst AB A simple analytical model is derived for the prediction of time-dependent deformation and damage response of metal matrix composites under fiber direction loading. The model can be used in conjunction with a number of viscoplastic constitutive models to describe the matrix material behavior. Damage in the form of progressive fiber fractures is incorporated using a mechanistic approach. The criterion for fiber fractures can be based on statistical information on fiber strength. When used in conjunction with a prescribed failure condition for a composite, the model provides a means for predicting composite life under general thermomechanical load conditions. Based on comparison of results with detailed finite element analyses and with laboratory test data, it appears that the simple model provides reasonably accurate predictions. C1 Res Applicat Inc, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. USA, Aviat Appl Technol Directorate, Troop & Aviat Command, Ft Eustis, VA 23604 USA. RP Ahmad, J (reprint author), Res Applicat Inc, 11772 Sorrento Valley Rd,Suite 145, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0742-4795 J9 J ENG GAS TURB POWER JI J. Eng. Gas. Turbines Power-Trans. ASME PD OCT PY 1998 VL 120 IS 4 BP 825 EP 832 DI 10.1115/1.2818475 PG 8 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 142EH UT WOS:000077186600021 ER PT J AU Levine, BL Cotte, J Small, CC Carroll, RG Riley, JL Bernstein, WB Van Epps, DE Hardwick, RA June, CH AF Levine, BL Cotte, J Small, CC Carroll, RG Riley, JL Bernstein, WB Van Epps, DE Hardwick, RA June, CH TI Large-scale production of CD4+ T cells from HIV-1-infected donors after CD3/CD28 costimulation SO JOURNAL OF HEMATOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS INFECTION; ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; ALLOGENEIC BONE-MARROW; EX-VIVO EXPANSION; ADOPTIVE IMMUNOTHERAPY; CD28 COSTIMULATION; KILLER-CELLS; CANCER-PATIENTS; HIV; LYMPHOCYTES AB We describe a procedure for large-scale enrichment, growth, and harvesting CD4+ T cells, This method may be effective for HIV-1 immunotherapy, as the mode of stimulation, with anti-CD3 plus anti-CD28 coated beads (CD3/CD28 beads) induces a potent antiviral effect. PBMC were obtained by density gradient centrifugation of an apheresis product. Monocytes/macrophages were removed by incubating PBMC with beads coated with IgG, The cells were then magnetically depleted of B cells and CD8+ cells with mouse anti-CD20 and anti-CD8 MAbs and sheep antimouse coated beads, The remaining cells were >80% CD4+ and were transferred to gas-permeable bags containing CD3/CD28 beads and cultured in a closed system. After 14 days, the cell number increased an average of 37-fold, and cells were nearly 100% CD4+, Viral load, assessed by DNA PCR for HIV-1 gag, decreased >10-fold during culture in the absence of antiretroviral agents, Removal of CD3/CD28 beads from the cell suspension was accomplished by passing cells plus beads (3-30 x 10(9) cells in 2-12 L) over a MaxSep(R) magnetic separator using gravity-driven flow, The cells were then concentrated to 300 mi in an automated centrifuge, This process allows safe and efficient growth of large numbers of CD4+ T cells from HIV-1+ donors. C1 USN, Med Res Inst, Immune Cell Biol Program, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn Adv Mil Med, US Mil HIV Res Program, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. Nexell Therapeut Inc, Irvine, CA 92618 USA. RP Levine, BL (reprint author), USN, Med Res Inst, Immune Cell Biol Program, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. RI Levine, Bruce/D-1688-2009; OI Riley, James/0000-0002-1057-576X NR 39 TC 82 Z9 83 U1 0 U2 6 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 1061-6128 J9 J HEMATOTHER JI J. Hematother. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 7 IS 5 BP 437 EP 448 DI 10.1089/scd.1.1998.7.437 PG 12 WC Hematology; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Transplantation SC Hematology; Research & Experimental Medicine; Transplantation GA 139JG UT WOS:000077024500006 PM 9829318 ER PT J AU Cheng, JR Strobl, RO Yeh, GT Lin, HC Choi, WH AF Cheng, Jing-Ru Strobl, Robert O. Yeh, Gour-Tsyh Lin, Hsin-Chi Choi, Woo Hee TI MODELING OF 2D DENSITY-DEPENDENT FLOW AND TRANSPORT IN THE SUBSURFACE SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article AB A 2-dimensional finite-element model for density-dependent flow and transport through saturated-unsaturated porous media has been developed. The combined flow and transport model can handle a wide range of real-world problems, including the simulations of flow alone, contaminant transport alone, and combined flow and transport. The conventional finite-element methods and a hybrid Lagrangian-Eulerian finite-element method were incorporated in the transport module. Saltwater intrusion problems and instability caused by denser water on the top were investigated in this paper. Because the fundamental mechanism causing saltwater intrusion most likely is caused by density-induced convection and dispersion, the developed model was used to assess the interplay between density-driven flow and the subsurface media through which the saltwater intrusion occurs. The mathematical formulation of the model is comprised of fluid flow and solute transport equations, coupled by fluid density. In the specific case of saltwater intrusion and unstable brine transport problems, this set of governing equations is nonlinear and requires iterative methods to solve them simultaneously. Three case studies, which include a wide spectrum of physical conditions, show the verification and effectiveness of the model by comparing previously published solutions from other researchers with the simulation results of the present model. Two demonstrated problems examine the model capabilities to handle saltwater intrusion problems through unsaturated-saturated porous media and density-dependent flow and transport under unstable conditions. C1 [Cheng, Jing-Ru; Strobl, Robert O.; Yeh, Gour-Tsyh] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Lin, Hsin-Chi] USA, Corps Engineers, Wtrwy Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Choi, Woo Hee] Harza Engrg Co, Chicago, IL 60606 USA. RP Cheng, JR (reprint author), Penn State Univ, 212 Sackett Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. NR 26 TC 27 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 7 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 1084-0699 J9 J HYDROL ENG JI J. Hydrol. Eng. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 3 IS 4 BP 248 EP 257 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)1084-0699(1998)3:4(248) PG 10 WC Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA V15AO UT WOS:000207775100004 ER PT J AU Krakauer, T AF Krakauer, T TI Variability in the sensitivity of nine enzyme-linked immunosorbant assays (ELISAs) in the measurement of human interleukin 6 SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE IL-6; ELISA; soluble IL-6 receptor; standardization ID SERUM; RECEPTORS; INFECTION; IL-6 AB ELISAs employing several combinations of polyclonal and monoclonal anti-human IL-6 antibodies for the detection of interleukin 6 (IL-6) in cell culture supernatants were developed and compared. They were found to have differing sensitivities in the measurement of standard preparations of recombinant human (rh) IL-6 (WHO reference standard) as well as conventional preparations of IL-6 produced by stimulated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Thus, an ELISA that was optimal for detecting rhIL-6 standard was suboptimal for detecting IL-6 in cell culture supernatants. The presence of soluble IL-6 receptor (sIL-6R) or the signal-transducing gp130 molecule or serum did not alter the levels of IL-6 detected by these ELISAs. Therefore, the observed variability in sensitivity of the assays may be due to differences in epitope specificity of the various monoclonal antibodies used and the heterogeneity of IL-6 secreted into culture supernatants. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Immunol & Mol Biol, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Krakauer, T (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Immunol & Mol Biol, Bldg 1425,Ft Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. NR 10 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1759 J9 J IMMUNOL METHODS JI J. Immunol. Methods PD OCT 1 PY 1998 VL 219 IS 1-2 BP 161 EP 167 DI 10.1016/S0022-1759(98)00138-0 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Immunology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology GA 137DP UT WOS:000076899800014 PM 9831397 ER PT J AU Glenn, GM Scharton-Kersten, T Vassell, R Mallett, CP Hale, TL Alving, C AF Glenn, GM Scharton-Kersten, T Vassell, R Mallett, CP Hale, TL Alving, C TI Cutting edge: Transcutaneous immunization with cholera toxin protects mice against lethal mucosal toxin challenge SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FIELD TRIAL; B-SUBUNIT; VACCINE; IMMUNITY AB We recently reported that application of cholera toxin (CT) to the skin results in transcutaneous immunization and induces a systemic Ab response to both CT and coadministered Ags. In this paper, we demonstrate antitoxin IgG and IgA Abs in sera, lung washes, and stool samples from immunized mice as well as a broad spectrum of IgG subclasses (IgG1, IgG2a, IgG2b, and IgG3) in the sera. Mice immunized with CT by the transcutaneous route exhibited significant protection from intranasal challenge with a lethal dose of CT. Thus, clinically relevant immunity against mucosal toxin challenge can be achieved via the transcutaneous route. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Membrane Biochem, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Enter Infect, Washington, DC 20307 USA. IOMAI Corp, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Intellivax, Baltimore, MD 21227 USA. RP Glenn, GM (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Membrane Biochem, 14th & Dahlia St NW,Bldg 40,Room 3028, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 17 TC 130 Z9 135 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD OCT 1 PY 1998 VL 161 IS 7 BP 3211 EP 3214 PG 4 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 122GY UT WOS:000076064700001 PM 9759833 ER PT J AU Lynch, JA deSouza, R Robb, MD Markowitz, L Nitayaphan, S Sapan, CV Mann, DL Birx, DL Cox, JH AF Lynch, JA deSouza, R Robb, MD Markowitz, L Nitayaphan, S Sapan, CV Mann, DL Birx, DL Cox, JH TI Cross-clade cytotoxic T cell response to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 proteins among HLA disparate North Americans and Thais SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Congress on AIDS in Asia and the Pacific CY OCT, 1997 CL MANILA, PHILIPPINES ID HETERODUPLEX MOBILITY ASSAY; POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; LYMPHOCYTE RESPONSES; HIV TYPE-1; OLIGONUCLEOTIDE PROBES; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; DISEASE PROGRESSION; VACCINE DEVELOPMENT; NEF PROTEIN; SUBTYPE-E AB A globally effective vaccine will need to elicit cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) capable of recognizing diverse human immunodeficiency virus type I (HIV-1) clades. Study of the cellular immune responses of HIV-1-infected persons may allow predictions to be made regarding useful vaccine antigen components. The frequency and magnitude of CTL responses to clade E and B Gag, Pol- RT, Env, and Nef proteins were compared in 12 HLA-characterized, clade E-infected Thais and in 10 clade B-infected North Americans using vaccinia recombinant constructs for protein expression. While responses were detected against all proteins, they were most frequent and cross-reactive to Gag in both groups. Pol-RT was recognized less frequently in Thais than North Americans. Cross-clade protein recognition was common but not uniformly present among these HLA-disparate individuals. Population-specific CTL data are needed to adequately prepare for vaccine trials outside of North America and Europe. C1 Henry M Jackson Fdn Adv Mil Med, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Div Infect Dis, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. NABI Inc, Boca Raton, FL USA. Univ Maryland, Div Immunogenet, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RP Cox, JH (reprint author), Henry M Jackson Fdn Adv Mil Med, 13 Taft Court, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. EM jcox@hiv.hjf.org NR 43 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5801 S ELLIS AVENUE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 178 IS 4 BP 1040 EP 1046 DI 10.1086/515652 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 125QF UT WOS:000076248000016 PM 9806032 ER PT J AU Stoute, JA Kester, KE Krzych, U Wellde, BT Hall, T White, K Glenn, G Ockenhouse, CF Garcon, N Schwenk, R Lanar, DE Sun, P Momin, P Wirtz, RA Golenda, C Saloui, M Wortmann, G Holland, C Dowler, M Cohen, J Ballou, WR AF Stoute, JA Kester, KE Krzych, U Wellde, BT Hall, T White, K Glenn, G Ockenhouse, CF Garcon, N Schwenk, R Lanar, DE Sun, P Momin, P Wirtz, RA Golenda, C Saloui, M Wortmann, G Holland, C Dowler, M Cohen, J Ballou, WR TI Long-term efficacy and immune responses following immunization with the RTS,S malaria vaccine SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM SPOROZOITES; CIRCUMSPOROZOITE-PROTEIN; PREERYTHROCYTIC CYCLE; IMMUNOGENICITY; INTERFERON; GAMMA AB The malaria sporozoite vaccine candidate RTS,S, formulated with an oil-in-water emulsion plus the immunostimulants monophosphoryl lipid A and the saponin derivative QS21 (vaccine 3), recently showed superior efficacy over two other experimental formulations, Immunized volunteers were followed to determine the duration of protective immune responses, Antibody levels decreased to between one-third and one-half of peak values 6 months after the last dose of vaccine. T cell proliferation and interferon-gamma production in vitro were observed in response to RTS,S or hepatitis B surface antigen, Seven previously protected volunteers received sporozoite challenge, and 2 remained protected (1/1 for vaccine 1, 0/1 for vaccine 2, and 1/5 for vaccine 3). The prepatent period was 10.8 days for the control group and 13.2 days for the vaccinees (P < .01). Immune responses did not correlate with protection. Further optimization in vaccine composition and/or immunization schedule will be required to induce longer-lasting protective immunity. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Membrane Biochem, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. SmithKline Beecham Biol, Rixensart, Belgium. RP Stoute, JA (reprint author), USA, Med Res Unit, Unit 64109, Box 401, APO, AE 09831 USA. RI Kester, Kent/A-2114-2011; Lanar, David/B-3560-2011; Holland, Carolyn/B-7880-2011 OI Kester, Kent/0000-0002-5056-0802; NR 16 TC 177 Z9 177 U1 1 U2 10 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5801 S ELLIS AVENUE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 178 IS 4 BP 1139 EP 1144 DI 10.1086/515657 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 125QF UT WOS:000076248000030 PM 9806046 ER PT J AU Opal, SM Jhung, JW Keith, JC Palardy, JE Parejo, NA Young, LD Bhattacharjee, A AF Opal, SM Jhung, JW Keith, JC Palardy, JE Parejo, NA Young, LD Bhattacharjee, A TI Recombinant human interleukin-ll in experimental Pseudomonas aeruginosa sepsis in immunocompromised animals SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID THERAPY; SHOCK; CELLS AB The therapeutic potential of recombinant human interleukin-11 (rhIL-11) was tested in a neutropenic rat model that mimics the clinical consequences of myelosuppressive chemotherapy complicated by Pseudomonas aeruginosa sepsis, rhIL-11-treated animals (150 mu g/kg intravenously every 24 h for 3 days) had reduced endotoxin levels (P < .05) and less pulmonary edema fluid (P < .001) and were protected (P < .01) against thinning and necrosis of the intestinal mucosa compared with the control group. The survival rate in rhIL-11-treated animals was 40% (19/47), whereas it was 0 (0 of 19) in the control group (P < .01). The addition of ciprofloxacin (10 mg/kg every 12 h) resulted in a survival rate of 9 (60%) of 15, while the combination of rhIL-11 and ciprofloxacin resulted in 100% survival (15/15; P < .05). These results indicate that rhIL-11 supports mucous membrane integrity of the alimentary tract and decreases the systemic inflammatory response to experimental gram-negative infection in immunocompromised animals. C1 Brown Univ, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Providence, RI 02912 USA. Brown Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Providence, RI 02912 USA. Genet Inst, Cambridge, MA 02140 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Opal, SM (reprint author), Mem Hosp, Div Infect Dis, 111 Brewster St, Pawtucket, RI 02860 USA. EM Steven_Opal@brown.edu NR 15 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5801 S ELLIS AVENUE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 178 IS 4 BP 1205 EP 1208 DI 10.1086/515686 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 125QF UT WOS:000076248000046 PM 9806062 ER PT J AU Swain, RM AF Swain, RM TI Studies in British military thought: Debates with Fuller and Liddell Hart SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 US Army Command & General Staff Coll, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Swain, RM (reprint author), US Army Command & General Staff Coll, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY PI LEXINGTON PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA 24450-1600 USA SN 0899-3718 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 62 IS 4 BP 931 EP 933 DI 10.2307/120211 PG 3 WC History SC History GA 132EA UT WOS:000076616300038 ER PT J AU Crane, CC AF Crane, CC TI The paths of heaven: The evolution of airpower theory SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Crane, CC (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY PI LEXINGTON PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA 24450-1600 USA SN 0899-3718 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 62 IS 4 BP 933 EP 934 DI 10.2307/120212 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 132EA UT WOS:000076616300039 ER PT J AU Kiesling, EC AF Kiesling, EC TI The Maginot Line: None shall pass SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Kiesling, EC (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY PI LEXINGTON PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA 24450-1600 USA SN 0899-3718 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 62 IS 4 BP 937 EP 939 DI 10.2307/120216 PG 3 WC History SC History GA 132EA UT WOS:000076616300044 ER PT J AU Kiesling, RC AF Kiesling, RC TI Maginot imitations: Major Fortifications of Germany and Neighboring countries SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Kiesling, RC (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY PI LEXINGTON PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA 24450-1600 USA SN 0899-3718 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 62 IS 4 BP 937 EP 939 PG 3 WC History SC History GA 132EA UT WOS:000076616300043 ER PT J AU Lebeda, FJ Olson, MA AF Lebeda, FJ Olson, MA TI Predictions of secondary structure and solvent accessibility of the light chain of the clostridial neurotoxins SO JOURNAL OF NATURAL TOXINS LA English DT Article ID A BOTULINUM NEUROTOXIN; MOLECULAR TOPOGRAPHY; MEMBRANE-PROTEIN; NEURAL NETWORKS; TETANUS; PROTEOLYSIS; FRAGMENTS; CLEAVAGE; FAMILY; INTACT AB Predictions were made of the secondary, two-dimensional (2-D) structures and sidechain solvent accessibilities of the light (L) chains of the clostridial neurotoxins (botulinum neurotoxin serotypes A-G and tetanus neurotoxin). An artificial neural network was used to make these predictions from a multiple alignment of their primary structures and was the approach used in making successful predictions for the C-fragments of these neurotoxins (Lebeda et al., J. Prot. Chem., 17:311, 1998). We also exploited the fact that the L-chains are Zn-dependent proteases. Although no other metalloproteases were found to be sequentially homologous to these neurotoxin L-chains, a sequence clustering algorithm showed that several bacterially derived Zn-dependent proteases, including thermolysin, were the most similar. A 2-D structure topology map for the type A L-chain was constructed by using thermolysin as a design template. As in thermolysin, the region containing the Zn-binding sequence motif, which is part of the active site in these neurotoxins, was predicted to be minimally solvent accessible. On the other hand, the locations of residues with highly exposed side chains were predicted to occur in non-periodic structure elements. Together, these 2-D structure and solvent accessibility predictions can be used to identify important solvent-exposed regions of the L-chain. These regions may include sites that interact with residues of the neurotoxin heavy chain, sites that bind to vesicle-docking substrates or sites that form antibody epitopes. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Biochem & Cell Biol, Toxinol Div, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. EM lebeda@ncifcrf.gov NR 33 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ALAKEN, INC PI FT COLLINS PA 305 W MAGNOLIA ST, STE 196, FT COLLINS, CO 80521 USA SN 1058-8108 J9 J NAT TOXINS JI J. Nat. Toxins PD OCT PY 1998 VL 7 IS 3 BP 227 EP 238 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Toxicology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Toxicology GA 139ZM UT WOS:000077061200003 PM 9783261 ER PT J AU Evans, MD AF Evans, MD TI Untitled SO JOURNAL OF PROFESSIONAL ISSUES IN ENGINEERING EDUCATION AND PRACTICE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 US Mil Acad, Civil Engn Dept, W Point, NY 10966 USA. RP Evans, MD (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Civil Engn Dept, W Point, NY 10966 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 USA SN 1052-3928 J9 J PROF ISS ENG ED PR JI J. Prof. Issues Eng. Educ. Pract. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 124 IS 4 BP 92 EP 92 PG 1 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Education & Educational Research; Engineering GA 125TH UT WOS:000076252800002 ER PT J AU Trier, AC Parker, MH Cameron, SM Brousseau, JS AF Trier, AC Parker, MH Cameron, SM Brousseau, JS TI Evaluation of resistance form of dislodged crowns and retainers SO JOURNAL OF PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY LA English DT Article ID ADEQUATE AB Statement of problem. The concept of limiting taper has been described as a boundary between tapers that do and those that do not provide resistance form for a preparation. There is controversy as to whether this boundary that divides preparations with from those without resistance form translates clinically into a boundary for success. Purpose. This investigation evaluated the resistance form of abutments of crowns or retainers that have been dislodged to determine the clinical correlation between restoration dislodgment and lack of resistance form in the preparation. Material and methods. Dies were fabricated from single crowns and retainers of fixed partial dentures that came loose and evaluated for resistance form. A total of 44 abutments were evaluated and included 1 incisor, 15 premolars, and 28 molars. Data from a previous study on the percentage of abutments lacking resistance form for restorations leaving a large dental laboratory was used for comparative statistical tests. Results. Forty-two of the 44 abutments (95%) lacked resistance form. All molar abutments and 93% of premolar abutments lacked resistance form in one or more directions. The one incisor abutment did not lack resistance form. Chi-square test revealed a statistically significant difference in the percentage lacking resistance form between the group composed of clinical failures (uncemented crowns) and the group leaving a dental laboratory with P = .0005 for the molars, and P = .0005 for the premolars. Conclusion. The clinical dislodgment of cast restorations is associated with the lack of resistance Form in the preparations. In this study, there was a relationship between clinical success or failure and the all-or-none nature of resistance form; dislodged crowns come almost exclusively from preparations with tapers that did not provide resistance form. C1 Med Coll Georgia, Dept Oral Rehabil, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. USA, Dent Activ, Prosthodont Residency Program, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. USA, Dent Activ, Fixed Prosthodont Serv, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. RP Parker, MH (reprint author), 5114 Fairington Dr, Evans, GA 30809 USA. NR 12 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 3 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0022-3913 J9 J PROSTHET DENT JI J. Prosthet. Dent. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 80 IS 4 BP 405 EP 409 DI 10.1016/S0022-3913(98)70003-4 PG 5 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 130YN UT WOS:000076548400003 PM 9791785 ER PT J AU Driggers, RW Kopelman, JN Satin, AJ AF Driggers, RW Kopelman, JN Satin, AJ TI Delaying surgery for thyroid cancer in pregnancy - A case report SO JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE thyroid neoplasms; pregnancy complications; fetal death ID DISEASE AB BACKGROUND: Management of thyroid cancer in pregnancy is controversial, as evidenced by disagreement in recommendations cited in leading obstetrics textbooks. Most thyroid carcinomas are well differentiated and pursue an indolent course. Many physicians recommend delay in surgical therapy until after delivery because of operative morbidity. CASE: A 27-year-old primigravida was found to have a solitary thyroid nodule at her initial obstetrics appointment. Fine needle aspiration was consistent with papillary carcinoma. Although detected at 8 weeks' estimated gestational age (EGA), the decision was made to defer surgical therapy until postpartum. The patient was referred to a tertiary care facility at 24 weeks' EGA secondary to vapid growth of the nodule. Surgery performed at that lime revealed invasive disease. CONCLUSION: Review of the literature suggests that delay in definitive therapy stems from early reports of fetal loss related to surgery, but contemporary data suggest that the risk of fetal loss related to surgery is minimal. C1 Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Driggers, RW (reprint author), Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, 8901 Wisconsin Ave, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SCI PRINTERS & PUBL INC PI ST LOUIS PA P.O. DRAWER 12425 8342 OLIVE BLVD, ST LOUIS, MO 63132 USA SN 0024-7758 J9 J REPROD MED JI J. Reprod. Med. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 43 IS 10 BP 909 EP 912 PG 4 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 130TL UT WOS:000076536400011 PM 9800676 ER PT J AU Rao, DN Blanco, E Rao, SV Aranda, FJ Rao, DVGLN Tripathy, S Akkara, JA AF Rao, DN Blanco, E Rao, SV Aranda, FJ Rao, DVGLN Tripathy, S Akkara, JA TI A comparative study or C-60, pthalocyanine, and porphyrin for optical limiting over the visible region SO JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC & INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID REVERSE SATURABLE ABSORPTION; PHTHALOCYANINES; NONLINEARITIES; SEMICONDUCTORS AB The Z-scan studies on C-60, pthalocyanine and porphyrin are reported to find their suitability as optical limiters over the visible region from 450 to 750 nm The experiments are carried out using a nanosecond OPO laser. The excited state absorption cross-sections are calculated from the observed data and a comparison has been made between these three systems. C1 USA, Natick Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Div Biotechnol, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02125 USA. Univ Hyderabad, Sch Phys, Hyderabad 500046, Andhra Pradesh, India. Univ Massachusetts, Ctr Adv Mat, Lowell, MA USA. RP Rao, DN (reprint author), USA, Natick Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Div Biotechnol, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RI Soma, Venugopal Rao/B-2651-2008; Rao, Devulapalli/L-8863-2015 OI Soma, Venugopal Rao/0000-0001-5361-7256; NR 19 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATL INST SCIENCE COMMUNICATION PI NEW DELHI PA DR K S KRISHNAN MARG, NEW DELHI 110 012, INDIA SN 0022-4456 J9 J SCI IND RES INDIA JI J. Sci. Ind. Res. PD OCT-NOV PY 1998 VL 57 IS 10-11 BP 664 EP 667 PG 4 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering GA 141HH UT WOS:000077137000024 ER PT J AU Grant, KW Seitz, PF AF Grant, KW Seitz, PF TI Measures of auditory-visual integration in nonsense syllables and sentences SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 133rd Meeting of the Acoustical-Society-of-America CY JUN 15-20, 1997 CL STATE COLL, PENNSYLVANIA SP Acoust Soc Amer ID SPEECH RECOGNITION; ARTICULATION INDEX; WORD RECOGNITION; NORMAL-HEARING; PERCEPTION; MODALITY; PHONEME; MEMORY; VOICES; ADULTS AB For all but the most profoundly hearing-impaired (HI) individuals, auditory-visual (AV) speech has been shown consistently to afford more accurate recognition than auditory (A) or visual (V) speech. However, the amount of AV benefit achieved (i.e., the superiority of AV performance in relation to unimodal performance) can differ widely across HI individuals. To begin to explain these individual differences, several factors need to be considered. The most obvious of these are deficient A and V speech recognition skills. However, large differences in individuals' AV recognition scores persist even when unimodal skill levels are taken into account. These remaining differences might be attributable to differing efficiency in the operation of a perceptual process that integrates A and V speech information. There is at present no accepted measure of the putative integration process. In this study, several possible integration measures are compared using both congruent and discrepant AV nonsense syllable and sentence recognition tasks. Correlations were tested among the integration measures, and between each integration measure and independent measures of AV benefit for nonsense syllables and sentences in noise. Integration measures derived from tests using nonsense syllables were significantly correlated with each other; on these measures, HI subjects show generally high levels of integration ability. Integration measures derived from sentence recognition tests were also significantly correlated with each other, but were not significantly correlated with the measures derived from nonsense syllable tests. Similarly, the measures of AV benefit based on nonsense syllable recognition tests were found not to be significantly correlated with the benefit measures based on tests involving sentence materials. Finally, there were significant correlations between AV integration and benefit measures derived from the same class of speech materials, but nonsignificant correlations between integration and benefit measures derived from different classes of materials. These results suggest that the perceptual processes underlying AV benefit and the integration of A and V speech information might not operate in the same way on nonsense syllable and sentence input. [S0001-4966(98)03510-3]. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Army Audiol & Speech Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Grant, KW (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Army Audiol & Speech Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. FU NIDCD NIH HHS [DC00792, DC01643] NR 35 TC 84 Z9 85 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 104 IS 4 BP 2438 EP 2450 DI 10.1121/1.423751 PG 13 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 127WW UT WOS:000076374400056 PM 10491705 ER PT J AU Touart, DM Sau, P AF Touart, DM Sau, P TI Cutaneous deposition diseases. Part II SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Review ID EXTENSIVE SUBCUTANEOUS CALCIFICATION; PROGRESSIVE OSSEOUS HETEROPLASIA; LOCALIZED EXOGENOUS OCHRONOSIS; HYDROQUINONE BLEACHING CREAMS; ACUTE GOUTY-ARTHRITIS; CALCINOSIS CUTIS; HOMOGENTISIC ACID; SYSTEMIC-SCLEROSIS; TOPHACEOUS GOUT; ASCORBIC-ACID AB Part II of the cutaneous deposition disorders focuses on cutaneous calcification and ossification, alkaptonuria and ochronosis, and gout. These disorders have in common the deposition cf materials in the dermis or subcutis and often involve metabolic defects in hormonal and enzymatic regulation. The pathogenesis, clinical findings, and treatment of these diseases are discussed. Both the histologic and ultrastructural findings are reviewed. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Dermatol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Sau, P (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Dermatol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 169 TC 75 Z9 77 U1 2 U2 2 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 39 IS 4 BP 527 EP 544 DI 10.1016/S0190-9622(98)70001-5 PN 1 PG 18 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 126VW UT WOS:000076316000001 PM 9777759 ER PT J AU Cvancara, JL Meffert, JJ Elston, DM AF Cvancara, JL Meffert, JJ Elston, DM TI Estrogen-sensitive cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa: Response to tamoxifen SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HEPATITIS-B; PERIARTERITIS-NODOSA; BREAST-CANCER; VASCULITIS; RECEPTORS; THERAPY C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. RP Cvancara, JL (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 39 IS 4 BP 643 EP 646 PN 1 PG 4 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 126VW UT WOS:000076316000018 PM 9777776 ER PT J AU Bousman, WG AF Bousman, WG TI A qualitative examination of dynamic stall from flight test data SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HELICOPTER SOCIETY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 53rd Annual Forum of the American-Helicopter-Society CY APR 29-MAY 01, 1997 CL VIRGINIA BEACH, VIRGINIA SP Amer Helicopter Soc AB Three flight conditions from the UH-60A Airloads Program are examined where dynamic stall occurs on the rotor: a symmetric pull-up that includes non-zero angular rates and accelerations; a high-speed, diving turn that includes non-zero angular rates, but nominally zero angular accelerations; and a level flight case with zero angular rates and accelerations. The two maneuver conditions result in severe pitch-link loads and represent design conditions for this military aircraft. Dynamic stall characteristics are identified in the section lift, the section pitching moment, and the trailing edge pressure and are used to create rotor disk maps that show the location and behavior of dynamic stall for this rotor, The measured blade pressures are used to examine the dynamic stall process itself and airfoil maps are developed that show the behavior of the dynamic stall vortex on the blade and its interaction with areas of supercritical flow. It is shown that the torsional dynamics of the rotor control where dynamic stall may occur, while the flight condition and the resulting aerodynamic inflow determine whether it will occur. C1 USA, Army NASA Rotorcraft Div, Aeroflightdynam Directorate AMCOM, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RP Bousman, WG (reprint author), USA, Army NASA Rotorcraft Div, Aeroflightdynam Directorate AMCOM, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. NR 14 TC 22 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER HELICOPTER SOC INC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 217 N WASHINGTON ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0002-8711 J9 J AM HELICOPTER SOC JI J. Am. Helicopter Soc. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 43 IS 4 BP 279 EP 295 PG 17 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 137UN UT WOS:000076934900001 ER PT J AU Wright, TW AF Wright, TW TI Elastic wave propagation through a material with voids SO JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICS AND PHYSICS OF SOLIDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on the Dynamic Deformation and Failure Mechanics of Materials, Honoring Professor R J Clifton on the Occasion of his 60th Birthday CY MAY 22-24, 1997 CL PASADENA, CALIFORNIA DE voids and inclusions; porous material; stress waves; asymptotic analysis AB An exact mathematical analogy exists between plane wave propagation through a material with voids and axial wave propagation along a circular cylindrical rod with radial shear and inertia. In both cases the internal energy can be regarded as a function of a displacement gradient, an internal variable, and the gradient of the internal variable. In the rod the internal variable represents radial strain, and in the material with voids it is related to changes in Void volume fraction. In both cases kinetic energy is associated not only with particle translation, but also with the internal variable. In the rod this microkinetic energy represents radial inertia;in the material with voids it represents dilitational inertia around the voids. Thus, the basis for the analogy is that in both cases there are two kinematic degrees of freedom, the Lagrangians are identical in form, and therefore, the Euler-Lagrange equations are also identical in form. Of course, the constitutive details and the internal length scales for the two cases are very different, but insight into the behavior of rods can be transferred directly to interpreting the effects of wave propagation in a material with voids. The main result is that just as impact on the end of a rod produces a pulse that first travels with the longitudinal wave speed and then transfers the bulk of its energy into a dispersive wave that travels with the bar speed (calculated using Young's modulus), so impact on the material with voids produces a pulse that also begins with the longitudinal speed but then transfers to a slower dispersive wave whose speed is determined by an effective longitudinal modulus. The rate of transfer and the strength of the dispersive effect depend on the details in the two cases. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Wright, TW (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 15 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-5096 J9 J MECH PHYS SOLIDS JI J. Mech. Phys. Solids PD OCT PY 1998 VL 46 IS 10 BP 2033 EP 2047 DI 10.1016/S0022-5096(98)00017-9 PG 15 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Mechanics; Physics GA 146GC UT WOS:000077420100019 ER PT J AU Vorontsov, MA Sivokon, VP AF Vorontsov, MA Sivokon, VP TI Stochastic parallel-gradient-descent technique for high-resolution wave-front phase-distortion correction SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA A-OPTICS IMAGE SCIENCE AND VISION LA English DT Article ID ADAPTIVE IMAGING-SYSTEM; OPTIMIZATION; ABERRATIONS; MIRRORS; OPTICS AB A new optimization technique, stochastic parallel-gradient descent, is applied for high-resolution adaptive wave-front correction. A performance criterion for parallel-perturbation-based algorithms is introduced and applied to optimize adaptive system architecture. We present numerical simulation results for an adaptive imaging system based on the stochastic parallel-perturbation technique, along with experimental results obtained for a white-light adaptive imaging system with 37 control channels. An adaptive system with a self-organized (adaptive) control channel hierarchy is introduced and analyzed. (C) 1998 Optical Society of America. C1 New Mexico State Univ, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Vorontsov, MA (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 39 TC 191 Z9 212 U1 4 U2 17 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0740-3232 J9 J OPT SOC AM A JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. A-Opt. Image Sci. Vis. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 15 IS 10 BP 2745 EP 2758 DI 10.1364/JOSAA.15.002745 PG 14 WC Optics SC Optics GA 123VQ UT WOS:000076146500017 ER PT J AU Jackson, MR Taher, MM Burge, JR Krishnamurti, C Reid, TJ Alving, BM AF Jackson, MR Taher, MM Burge, JR Krishnamurti, C Reid, TJ Alving, BM TI Hemostatic efficacy of a fibrin sealant dressing in an animal model of kidney injury SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Surgical Forum of the American-College-of-Surgeons CY OCT 12-17, 1997 CL CHICAGO, ILLINOIS SP Amer Coll Surgeons DE fibrin sealant; fibrin glue; hemostasis; bleeding ID CARDIAC OPERATIONS; CARDIOVASCULAR-SURGERY; BOVINE THROMBIN; FACTOR-V; GLUE; EXPERIENCE; HEMORRHAGE; AGENT; ADHESIVE; TRIAL AB Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine the hemostatic efficacy of a fibrin sealant dressing compared with a standard collagen control dressing in an animal model of kidney injury. Methods: Twenty adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were administered general anesthesia and underwent partial nephrectomy with heparin anticoagulation (300 U/kg intravenous). Treatment of the cut surface of the kidney was randomized to three groups: group I, no hemostatic agent; group II, collagen dressing; and group III, fibrin sealant dressing. Results: Blood loss was significantly less in group III (3.39 +/- 0.63 mL) than in group I (8.64 +/- 2.26 mL) and group II (8.63 +/- 1.72 mL; p < 0.001). The percentage decrease in the mean arterial pressure was significantly less in group III (34.09 a 15.58%) than in group I (59.66 +/- 16.19%) and group II (60.35 +/- 15.66%; p = 0.015), Conclusion: Fibrin sealant dressings provide effective hemostasis and are superior to collagen dressings in an animal model of kidney injury. Additional development of fibrin sealant dressings for potential clinical use is warranted. C1 Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Dallas, TX 75235 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC USA. Washington Hosp Ctr, Washington, DC 20010 USA. RP Jackson, MR (reprint author), Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Dept Surg, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75235 USA. NR 22 TC 27 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1079-6061 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD OCT PY 1998 VL 45 IS 4 BP 662 EP 665 DI 10.1097/00005373-199810000-00003 PG 4 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 128PH UT WOS:000076406100005 PM 9783601 ER PT J AU Sees, DW Cruz, LRR Flaherty, SF Ciceri, DP AF Sees, DW Cruz, LRR Flaherty, SF Ciceri, DP TI The use of bedside fluoroscopy to evaluate the cervical spine in obtunded trauma patients SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE fluoroscopy; cervical spine; flexion/extension ID FRACTURES; INJURIES; CT; RECOMMENDATIONS; INTUBATION; DISRUPTION; DIAGNOSIS; MOTION AB Background: Recognition of a cervical spine injury is important to prevent further injury and in planning for future care. The management of the patient with a possible cervical spine injury who remains unresponsive is controversial. Methods: A retrospective evaluation of obtunded trauma patients admitted to the surgical intensive care unit who underwent bedside fluoroscopic cervical spine evaluation. Fluoroscopic findings and all complications were noted. Results: Twenty obtunded patients with possible cervical spine injuries underwent bedside fluoroscopic cervical spine evaluation. All patients had at minimum a normal three-view cervical spine series before fluoroscopy. Thirteen patients (65%) had the fluoroscopic examination completed at the bedside and were cleared. The complete cervical spine could not be evaluated in six patients (30%), One patient (5%) was found to have a C4-5 subluxation in the bedside examination. None of the patients had progression of their neurologic symptoms after cervical spine flexion/extension, and none developed evidence of spinal cord injury after being cleared during their hospital course. Cervical collars remained in place for 5.7 +/- 1.41 days (range, 1- 26 days). Three patients (15%) were noted to have decubiti under the cervical collar. Conclusion: In this small study, the use of bedside fluoroscopy to evaluate the cervical spine appears safe and easy to perform. One unrecognized injury was identified. The technique is usually successful and gives reassurance that a significant cervical spine injury is not present. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Trauma Crit Care Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Neurosurg Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Sees, DW (reprint author), Dwight D Eisenhower Med Ctr, Dept Surg, ATTN MCHF SD GSS, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. NR 26 TC 60 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1079-6061 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD OCT PY 1998 VL 45 IS 4 BP 768 EP 771 DI 10.1097/00005373-199810000-00026 PG 4 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 128PH UT WOS:000076406100027 PM 9783619 ER PT J AU Neumann, HPH Bender, BU Berger, DP Laubenberger, J Schultze-Seemann, W Wetterauer, U Ferstl, FJ Herbst, EW Schwarzkopf, G Hes, FJ Lips, CJM Lamiell, JM Masek, O Riegler, P Mueller, B Glavac, D Brauch, H AF Neumann, HPH Bender, BU Berger, DP Laubenberger, J Schultze-Seemann, W Wetterauer, U Ferstl, FJ Herbst, EW Schwarzkopf, G Hes, FJ Lips, CJM Lamiell, JM Masek, O Riegler, P Mueller, B Glavac, D Brauch, H TI Prevalence, morphology and biology of renal cell carcinoma in von Hippel-Lindau disease compared to sporadic renal cell carcinoma SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE carcinoma, renal cell; genetic markers; germ-line mutation ID TUMOR-SUPPRESSOR GENE; GERMLINE MUTATIONS; SPARING SURGERY; VHL GENE; IDENTIFICATION; PATHOLOGY; FAMILIES; LESIONS; EUROPE; CANCER AB Purpose: Renal cell carcinoma occurs as a sporadic tumor but may be part of the autosomal dominant von Hippel-Lindau disease, characterized by retinal and central nervous system hemangioblastoma, pheochromocytoma, pancreatic cysts and renal cell carcinoma. We determine the prevalence of von Hippel-Lindau disease in a series of unselected renal cell carcinoma cases by molecular genetic analysis, and compare sporadic to von Hippel-Lindau renal cell carcinoma with respect to morphology and biology. Materials and Methods: We established registers comprising 63 subjects with von Hippel-Lindau renal cell carcinoma, belonging to 30 distinct families (register A), and 460 unselected patients operated on for renal cell carcinoma in an Ii-year period (register B). Molecular genetic analysis of the von Hippel-Lindau gene was performed for living patients of register A, representing 80% of von Hippel-Lindau families, and register B, 62% living patients, to identify von Hippel-Lindau germline mutations. In addition, register B was evaluated by a questionnaire (95% response) for familial occurrence of von Hippel-Lindau disease. Results: The prevalence of von Hippel-Lindau renal cell carcinoma was 1.6% in 189 consenting unselected renal cell carcinoma patients. Risk factors for occult germline von Hippel-Lindau gene mutations in register B included familial renal cell carcinoma in 3 of 3 patients (100%), multifocal or bilateral renal cell carcinoma in 1 of 10 (10%) and age younger than 50 years at diagnosis in 1 of 33 (3%). Compared to sporadic von Hippel-Lindau renal cell carcinoma was characterized by an occurrence 25 years earlier, association with renal cysts, multifocal and bilateral tumors, cystic organization and low grade histology, and a better 10-year survival (p <0.001 each). In von Hippel-Lindau disease metastases occurred only in tumors larger than 7 cm. Conclusions: Von Hippel-Lindau differs from sporadic renal cell carcinoma in morphology and biology. Our data provide arguments for planning surgery for von Hippel-Lindau renal cell carcinoma and should stimulate future investigations. C1 Univ Freiburg, Dept Med, D-7800 Freiburg, Germany. Univ Freiburg, Dept Radiol, D-7800 Freiburg, Germany. Univ Freiburg, Dept Urol & Pathol, D-7800 Freiburg, Germany. Univ Hamburg, Dept Gynecol, Lab Oncol, Hamburg, Germany. Univ Utrecht Hosp, Dept Med, Utrecht, Netherlands. USA, Med Dept Ctr & Sch, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. Community Hosp, Dept Radiol, Zlin, Czech Republic. Community Hosp, Dept Nephrol, Bolzano, Italy. Univ Ljubljana, Inst Pathol, Ljubljana, Slovenia. RP Neumann, HPH (reprint author), Univ Freiburg, Dept Med, D-7800 Freiburg, Germany. NR 38 TC 98 Z9 110 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 160 IS 4 BP 1248 EP 1254 DI 10.1016/S0022-5347(01)62509-6 PG 7 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 120YZ UT WOS:000075986600010 PM 9751329 ER PT J AU Costabile, RA Spevak, M Fishman, IJ Govier, FE Hellstrom, WJG Shabsigh, R Nemo, KJ Rapport, JL Tam, PY Weldon, KLM Gesundheit, N AF Costabile, RA Spevak, M Fishman, IJ Govier, FE Hellstrom, WJG Shabsigh, R Nemo, KJ Rapport, JL Tam, PY Weldon, KLM Gesundheit, N TI Efficacy and safety of transurethral alprostadil in patients with erectile dysfunction following radical prostatectomy SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 92nd Annual Meeting of the American-Urological-Association CY APR 12-17, 1997 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Amer Urol Assoc DE impotence; prostatectomy; alprostadil; carcinoma ID RETROPUBIC PROSTATECTOMY; SEXUAL FUNCTION; URINARY CONTINENCE; CANCER; PRESERVATION; IMPOTENCE; OUTCOMES; MEN AB Purpose: A retrospective analysis of the MUSE* clinical trial was performed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of transurethral alprostadil in patients with erectile dysfunction after radical prostatectomy. Materials and Methods: Patients received doses of transurethral alprostadil in the clinic and those for whom a suitable dose was determined were treated at home with active drug or placebo for 3 months. Patients had undergone radical prostatectomy no less than 3 months before study entry. Results: Of the 384 patients in whom radical prostatectomy was identified as a cause of erectile dysfunction 70.3% had an erection believed sufficient for intercourse in the clinic and 57.1% on active medication had sexual intercourse at least once at home. The product of clinic and home success rates (70.3 x 57.1%) was an overall success rate (the likelihood of active treatment to lead to intercourse at home) of 40.1%. The frequency of most adverse effects of radical prostatectomy was comparable to that of other organic etiologies of erectile dysfunction (1,127 patients). The percentage of patients with hypotension in the clinic was lower after radical prostatectomy compared to other erectile dysfunction etiologies (0.8 versus 4.2%, p <0.001) but the percentage of patients with urethral pain/burning was higher (18.3 versus 10.4%, p = 0.027). No urinary tract infection, frbrosis or priapism occurred in the post-radical prostatectomy patients. Conclusions: Transurethral alprostadil is a well tolerated and efficacious method of treating erectile dysfunction after radical prostatectomy, although psychological changes associated with cancer and surgery may limit home response. The severe neurovascular deficit associated with prostatectomy neither limits the efficacy of transurethral alprostadil nor increases the risks. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Urol, Dept Surg, Mil Androl Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Virginia Mason Med Ctr, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. Tulane Univ, Med Ctr, New Orleans, LA USA. Columbia Presbyterian Med Ctr, New York, NY 10032 USA. VIVUS Inc, Mt View, CA USA. RP Costabile, RA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Urol, Dept Surg, Mil Androl Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 21 TC 66 Z9 67 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 160 IS 4 BP 1325 EP 1328 DI 10.1016/S0022-5347(01)62527-8 PG 4 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 120YZ UT WOS:000075986600028 PM 9751346 ER PT J AU Riley, JL Levine, BL Craighead, N Francomano, T Kim, D Carroll, RG June, CH AF Riley, JL Levine, BL Craighead, N Francomano, T Kim, D Carroll, RG June, CH TI Native and memory CD4 T cells differ in their susceptibilities to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection following CD28 costimulation: Implications for transmission and pathogenesis SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID HIV-INFECTION; DENDRITIC CELLS; IN-VITRO; FUSION COFACTOR; LYMPHOCYTES; CHEMOKINE; NAIVE; EXPRESSION; RECEPTOR; SUBSETS AB In vitro evidence suggests that memory CD4(+) cells are preferentially infected by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), yet studies of HIV-1-infected individuals have failed to detect preferential memory cell depletion. To explore this paradox, we stimulated CD45RA(+) CD4(+) (naive) and CD45RO(+) CD4(+) (memory) cells with antibodies to CD3 and CD28 and infected them with either CCR5-dependent (R5) or CXCR4-dependent (X4) HIV-1 isolates. Naive CD4(+) cells supported less X4 HIV replication than their memory counterparts. However, naive cells were susceptible to R5 viral infection,,while memory cells remained resistant to infection and viral replication. As with the unseparated cells, mixing the naive and memory cells prior to infection resulted in cells resistant to R5 infection and highly susceptible to X4 infection. While both naive and memory CD4(+) subsets downregulated CCR5 expression in response to CD28 costimulation, only the memory cells produced high levels of the beta-chemokines RANTES, MIP-1 alpha, and MIP-1 beta upon stimulation. Neutralization of these beta-chemokines rendered memory CD4(+) cells highly sensitive to infection with R5 HIV-1 isolates, indicating that downregulation of CCR5 is not sufficient to mediate complete protection from CCR5 strains of HIV-I. These results indicate that susceptibility to R5 HIV-1 isolates is determined not only by the level of CCR5 expression but also by the balance of CCR5 expression and beta-chemokine production. Furthermore, our results suggest a model of HIV-1 transmission and pathogenesis in which naive rather than memory CD4(+) T cells serve as the targets for early rounds of HIV-1 replication. C1 USN, Med Res Inst, Immune Cell Biol Program, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn Advancement Mil Med, US Mil HIV Res Program, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. RP June, CH (reprint author), USN, Med Res Inst, Immune Cell Biol Program, Mail Stop 061,8901 Wisconsin Ave, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. EM junec@nmripo.nmri.nnmc.navy.mil RI Levine, Bruce/D-1688-2009; OI Riley, James/0000-0002-1057-576X NR 71 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 72 IS 10 BP 8273 EP 8280 PG 8 WC Virology SC Virology GA 118WN UT WOS:000075864100066 PM 9733871 ER PT J AU Burgess, EB AF Burgess, EB TI World War One SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS 66027 USA. RP Burgess, EB (reprint author), USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS 66027 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD OCT 1 PY 1998 VL 123 IS 16 BP 114 EP 114 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 124AD UT WOS:000076157400161 ER PT J AU Lee, GH Nicholls, RJ Birkemeier, WA AF Lee, GH Nicholls, RJ Birkemeier, WA TI Storm-driven variability of the beach-nearshore profile at Duck, North Carolina, USA, 1981-1991 (vol 148, 163, 1998) SO MARINE GEOLOGY LA English DT Correction C1 Middlesex Polytech, Enfield EN3 4SF, Middx, England. Coll William & Mary, Sch Marine Sci, Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Gloucester Point, VA 23052 USA. USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, Field Res Facil, Kitty Hawk, NC 27949 USA. RP Nicholls, RJ (reprint author), Middlesex Polytech, Queensway, Enfield EN3 4SF, Middx, England. RI Nicholls, Robert/G-3898-2010 OI Nicholls, Robert/0000-0002-9715-1109 NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0025-3227 J9 MAR GEOL JI Mar. Geol. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 151 IS 1-4 BP 155 EP 156 PG 2 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography SC Geology; Oceanography GA 138ZK UT WOS:000077002800009 ER PT J AU Nicholls, RJ Birkemeier, WA Lee, GH AF Nicholls, RJ Birkemeier, WA Lee, GH TI Evaluation of closure using data from Duck, NC, USA (vol 148, pg 179, 1998) SO MARINE GEOLOGY LA English DT Correction C1 Middlesex Polytech, Enfield EN3 4SF, Middx, England. USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, Field Res Facil, Kitty Hawk, NC 27949 USA. Coll William & Mary, Sch Marine Sci, Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Gloucester Point, VA 23052 USA. RP Nicholls, RJ (reprint author), Middlesex Polytech, Enfield EN3 4SF, Middx, England. RI Nicholls, Robert/G-3898-2010 OI Nicholls, Robert/0000-0002-9715-1109 NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0025-3227 J9 MAR GEOL JI Mar. Geol. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 151 IS 1-4 BP 157 EP 158 PG 2 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography SC Geology; Oceanography GA 138ZK UT WOS:000077002800010 ER PT J AU Houng, HSH Venkatesan, MM AF Houng, HSH Venkatesan, MM TI Genetic analysis of Shigella sonnei form I antigen: identification of a novel IS630 as an essential element for the form I antigen expression SO MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS LA English DT Article DE Shigella sonnei; form I antigen; rfb operon; LPS synthesis; IS630 sequence; Vi antigen ID MOLECULAR-CLONING; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; SALMONELLA-TYPHI; PLASMID; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE; SEQUENCE; DNA; DETERMINANTS; TYPHIMURIUM; SPECIFICITY AB The form I coding region of Shigella sonnei was cloned and shown to have an operon-like rfb organization. It was found that the 11.0 kb HindIII-XbaI fragment of pHH201 encoding the form I antigen contains 10 contiguous open reading frames (ORF), ORF1 to ORF10. Deletions from either end of pHH201, within ORF1 or ORF10, eliminated form I expression. ORF1 and ORF2 share significant nucleic and amino acids homologies to two ORF's of the Salmonella typhi Vi antigen genes. ORF5 in pHH201 is identical to IS630. pHH2064, derived from pHH201, lacks the IS630 element and can stably express the form I antigen in E. coli HB101. However, pHH2064 is structurally unstable in a S. sonnei form II host. This indicates that the presence of the IS630 gene within the S. sonnei rfb operon may be necessary for the stability of form I expression in S. sonnei. This finding is substantiated by the observation that all virulent S. sonnei isolates examined in this study retained the IS630 element within their rfb operon. (C) 1998 Academic Press. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Enter Infect, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Houng, HSH (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Enter Infect, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 34 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0882-4010 J9 MICROB PATHOGENESIS JI Microb. Pathog. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 25 IS 4 BP 165 EP 173 DI 10.1006/mpat.1998.0222 PG 9 WC Immunology; Microbiology SC Immunology; Microbiology GA 140EF UT WOS:000077073500001 PM 9817819 ER PT J AU Fair, KV AF Fair, KV TI Environmental compliance in contingency operations: In search of a standard? SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Article C1 USA, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Fair, KV (reprint author), USA, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 157 BP 112 EP 179 PG 68 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 144TA UT WOS:000077330100002 ER PT J AU Corn, GS AF Corn, GS TI Presidential war power: Do the courts offer any answers? SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Article ID CONSTITUTION C1 USA, Judge Advocate Gen Corps, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Corn, GS (reprint author), USA, Judge Advocate Gen Sch, Int & Operat Law Dept, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. NR 43 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 157 BP 180 EP 255 PG 76 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 144TA UT WOS:000077330100003 ER PT J AU Benjamin, MJ AF Benjamin, MJ TI The nightingale's song SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Judge Advocate Gen Corps, Washington, DC 20310 USA. USA, Judge Advocate Gen Sch, Judge Advocate Officer Grad Course 46, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. RP Benjamin, MJ (reprint author), USA, Judge Advocate Gen Corps, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 157 BP 256 EP 265 PG 10 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 144TA UT WOS:000077330100004 ER PT J AU Shields, MB AF Shields, MB TI We were soldiers once ... and young SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Judge Advocate Gen Corps, Washington, DC 20310 USA. USA, Judge Advocate Gen Sch, Judge Advocate Officer Grad Course 46, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. RP Shields, MB (reprint author), USA, Judge Advocate Gen Corps, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 157 BP 266 EP 274 PG 9 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 144TA UT WOS:000077330100005 ER PT J AU Battafarano, DF Wortham, WG Enzenauer, RJ AF Battafarano, DF Wortham, WG Enzenauer, RJ TI "Perceptions" of questionable Value SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 USA, Acad Hlth Sci, Dept Social Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Battafarano, DF (reprint author), USA, Acad Hlth Sci, Dept Social Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 163 IS 10 BP VI EP VI PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 130AJ UT WOS:000076496600003 ER PT J AU Yoder, LH AF Yoder, LH TI Costs and outcomes of a military bone marrow transplant program SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID METASTATIC BREAST-CANCER; ACUTE MYELOID-LEUKEMIA; INSURANCE COMPANIES; ISSUES; CHEMOTHERAPY; RESOURCES; BENEFITS; BMT AB There is a lack of published cost and outcome data concerning bone marrow transplant (BMT) patients treated in a military health care setting. The objectives of this prospective investigation mere to collect demographic data concerning the characteristics of patients using the service, to track outcomes of length of stay, relapse, and mortality, and to analyze cost data based on a specific cost accounting system that was created to accurately capture individual versus aggregate costs. The sample consisted of 106 patients, 71 adults and 35 children. The mean cost of an adult autologous BMT was $45,600, the mean cost for a pediatric autologous BMT was $60,725, and the mean cost of a pediatric allogeneic BMT was $68,930. Previously, $100,000 to $500,000 per transplant was paid for military beneficiaries receiving BMTs in the civilian sector. Expenditures related to treating adult patients were reduced by $50,000 to $100,000 per patient. Savings associated with each pediatric transplant ranged from $100,000 to $200,000. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Yoder, LH (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, MCHE-DN,Bldg 3600,3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 163 IS 10 BP 661 EP 666 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 130AJ UT WOS:000076496600004 PM 9795540 ER PT J AU Shelley, JJ AF Shelley, JJ TI Can the feres doctrine survive TRICARE, and should it? SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB As the total force structure of the U.S. armed forces downsizes, the Military Health Services System (MHSS) is taking commensurate cuts in personnel and resources. To minimize costs and optimize readiness, the Department of Defense seeks to increase resource sharing and support provided by managed care support contracts under TRICARE as well as contracting of civilian providers to provide health care in military treatment facilities. Proponents of such arrangements claim that these options result in increased quality of, and improved access to, health services at a substantial savings for MHSS. Central to this controversy is the Feres doctrine, which prevents members of the armed services from suing the government for any death or injury that is in some way "incident to service." The purpose of this paper is to explore the liability issues posed by these new contractual arrangements as well as their potential effect on Feres doctrine reform. C1 USA, 257th Med Co DS, Ft Bragg, NC 28307 USA. RP Shelley, JJ (reprint author), USA, 257th Med Co DS, Ft Bragg, NC 28307 USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 163 IS 10 BP 682 EP 686 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 130AJ UT WOS:000076496600008 PM 9795544 ER PT J AU Gambel, JM Brundage, JF Burge, RJ DeFraites, RF Smoak, BL Wirtz, RA AF Gambel, JM Brundage, JF Burge, RJ DeFraites, RF Smoak, BL Wirtz, RA TI Survey of US Army soldiers' knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding personal protection measures to prevent arthropod-related diseases and nuisance bites SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID IMPREGNATED BED NETS; ECONOMIC BURDEN; REPELLENT FORMULATIONS; PERMETHRIN; MALARIA; FIELD; MOSQUITOS; TROOPS; SOMALIA; DEET AB This study examined U.S. Army soldiers' knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding personal protection measures (PPMs) to prevent arthropod-related diseases and nuisance bites. Soldiers attending 1 of 13 U.S. Army training courses either completed a written questionnaire (N = 1,007) or participated in a group interview (N = 65). Respondents primarily used repellents to prevent nuisance insect bites (55%) rather than to prevent disease (38.7%). Less than one-third correctly identified the military-issue repellents to be used on skin (31.7%) or clothing (26.1%), More than half (57.6%) thought that commercial products were better than military-issue repellents, but most (14.2%) reported that they did not have enough or any information about the U.S. military's system of PPMs. Soldiers have poor knowledge of U.S. military doctrine regarding PPMs and still prefer to use commercial products. A focused strategy to ensure the appropriate use of PPMs by service members should be developed, implemented, and evaluated. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Prevent Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Gambel, JM (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Prevent Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 58 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 163 IS 10 BP 695 EP 701 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 130AJ UT WOS:000076496600011 PM 9795547 ER PT J AU Flynn, DM AF Flynn, DM TI Telephone triage as a strategy to ensure 24-hour access to medical care after the closure of supporting medical activity SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID FAMILY-PRACTICE; MANAGEMENT AB Objective: The provision of telephone access to a medical officer during nonduty hours was implemented by one Army health clinic to ensure continuous access to cost-efficient care after the closure of its supporting medical activity. Methods: After-hours phone calls were tracked for 6 months. Callers were surveyed to determine if use of the system resulted in avoidance of self-referral to civilian medical facilities. Results: A mean of 70 calls per month (186 calls per 1,000 population per year) were placed to the on-call medical officer. Eight types of complaints accounted for more than three-quarters of calls. Fifty percent of callers were seen by the medical officer for an after-hours clinic visit, 38% were given advice for care at home, and 10% were referred to a civilian medical facility. Telephone triage yielded an estimated $8,447 in cost avoidance during a 6-week survey period. Conclusion: Telephone triage can facilitate continuous access to cost-efficient care. C1 USA, Hlth Clin, Monterey, CA 93944 USA. RP Flynn, DM (reprint author), USA, Hlth Clin, Monterey, CA 93944 USA. NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 163 IS 10 BP 702 EP 706 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 130AJ UT WOS:000076496600012 PM 9795548 ER PT J AU Russo, MB Brooks, FR Fontenot, J Dopler, BM Neely, ET Halliday, AW AF Russo, MB Brooks, FR Fontenot, J Dopler, BM Neely, ET Halliday, AW TI Conversion disorder presenting as multiple sclerosis SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB We describe a patient originally diagnosed with clinically definite multiple sclerosis whose actual diagnosis of conversion disorder was revealed when his examination was found to be fictitious, his radiological, electrophysiological, and biochemical tests were determined to be normal, and his symptoms were reversed through the use of sodium pentothal and hypnosis. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neuropsychiat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Russo, MB (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neuropsychiat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 163 IS 10 BP 709 EP 710 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 130AJ UT WOS:000076496600014 PM 9795550 ER PT J AU Belmont, PJ Polly, DW AF Belmont, PJ Polly, DW TI Early diagnosis of Hurler's syndrome with the aid of the identification of the characteristic gibbus deformity SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID BONE-MARROW TRANSPLANTATION; MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDOSIS; FEATURES AB This case study describes the clinical evaluation and diagnosis of Hurler's syndrome in a 7-month-old child who was noted to have a thoracolumbar kyphosis (gibbus deformity), coarse facial features, and possible evidence of gross motor delay. The diagnosis of Hurler's syndrome was aided specifically by the identification of the gibbus deformity. Children with Hurler's syndrome appear nearly normal at birth, and the most common early presenting features are the nonspecific symptoms of rhinitis and inguinal hernia. Most often, the earliest possible diagnosis of Hurler's syndrome is contingent on the recognition of the initial pattern of musculoskeletal abnormalities, which become increasingly pronounced after the 6th month. Because of the characteristic progression of neurological and intellectual deterioration found in children with Hurler's syndrome, early diagnosis and treatment are critical to the preservation of long-term intellectual development. The pathophysiology of Hurler's syndrome and the causes of kyphosis in infancy and childhood are discussed. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Orthopaed Surg Serv, Washington, DC 20012 USA. RP Belmont, PJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Orthopaed Surg Serv, Washington, DC 20012 USA. OI Belmont, Philip/0000-0003-2618-199X NR 18 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 163 IS 10 BP 711 EP 714 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 130AJ UT WOS:000076496600015 PM 9795551 ER PT J AU Paranavitana, CM AF Paranavitana, CM TI Non-radioactive detection of K-ras mutations by nested allele specific PCR and oligonucleotide hybridization SO MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR PROBES LA English DT Article DE K-ras mutations; colon tumours; colon cancer cell lines; rapid detection ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; POINT MUTATIONS; HUMAN-COLON; CELL-LINES; GENES; ONCOGENES; CARCINOMAS AB The development of methods to detect point mutations has been rapid over the recent years. In human colon tumours, a significant percentage of mutations are found in the K-ras gene. Faster and more sensitive methods for detection of these mutations are important for patient management and treatment. The author has extended the specificity of allele amplification of point mutations by using mismatch oligonucleotide primers in a polymerase chain reaction (PCR). It is shown that in colon tumours, the sensitivity of detecting a mutation is significantly higher when K-ras exon 1 is amplified prior to PCR with allele specific primers (mismatch PCR). It is shown that allele specific oligonucleotide probes which are non-radioactively labelled could be used to detect these point mutations. By utilizing this two-step PCR, K-ras codon 12 mutations were studied in 10 colon carcinoma cell lines and 25 colon tumours. By combining the two-step PCR together with non-radioactively labelled oligonucleotide probes, the detection of point mutations is both accurate and rapid. (C) 1998 Academic Press. C1 NCI, Tumor Immunol & Biol Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Bacterial Dis, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Paranavitana, CM (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Bacterial Dis, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 20 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0890-8508 J9 MOL CELL PROBE JI Mol. Cell. Probes PD OCT PY 1998 VL 12 IS 5 BP 309 EP 315 DI 10.1006/mcpr.1998.0185 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology GA 135JY UT WOS:000076799600007 PM 9778456 ER PT J AU Ryan, JR Levine, JF Apperson, CS Lubke, L Wirtz, RA Spears, PA Orndorff, PE AF Ryan, JR Levine, JF Apperson, CS Lubke, L Wirtz, RA Spears, PA Orndorff, PE TI An experimental chain of infection reveals that distinct Borrelia burgdorferi populations are selected in arthropod and mammalian hosts SO MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LYME-DISEASE SPIROCHETE; OUTER SURFACE PROTEIN; IXODES-RICINUS TICKS; ANTIGENIC VARIATION; CIRCULAR PLASMID; OSPC GENE; ETIOLOGIC AGENT; PHASE-VARIATION; NORTH-CAROLINA; STRAIN B31 AB The prokaryotic, spirochaetal microorganism Borrelia burgdorferi is the causative agent of Lyme disease, an arthropod-borne disease of a variety of vertebrates and the most prevalent arthropod-borne disease of humans in the United States. In order to understand better the normal life cycle of B. burgdorferi, an experimental chain of infection was devised that involved multiple sequential arthropod and mammalian passages. By examining populations of B. burgdorferi emerging from different points in this infectious chain, we demonstrate that selection of a, burgdorferi populations peculiar to arthropod or vertebrate hosts is a property of at least one of the two ecologically distinct strains we examined. Distinct B. burgdorferi populations were identified using an antigenic profile, defined by a set of monoclonal antibodies to eight B. burgdorferi antigens, and a plasmid profile, defined by the naturally occurring plasmids in the starting clonal populations. These two profiles constituted the phenotypical signature of the population. In the strain exhibiting selection in the different hosts, transition from one host to another produced a striking series of alternating phenotypical signatures down the chain of infection. At the molecular level, the alternating signatures were manifested as a reciprocal relationship between the expression of certain antigenic forms of outer surface protein (Osp) B and OspC, In the case of OspC, the antigenic changes could be correlated to the presence of one of two distinctly different alleles of the ospC gene in a full-length and presumably transcriptionally active state. In the case of OspB, two alleles were again identified. However, their differences were minor and their relationship to OspB antigenic variation more complicated. In addition to the reciprocating changes in the antigenic profile, a reciprocating change in the size (probably the multimeric state) of a 9.0 kbp supercoiled plasmid was also noted. Selection of distinct populations in the tick may be responsible for the microorganism's ability to infect a wide range of vertebrate hosts efficiently, in that the tick might provide selective pressure for the elimination of the population selected in the previous host. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Microbiol Pathol & Parasitol, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Coll Agr & Life Sci, Dept Entomol, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. NIAID, Bacterial Pathogenesis Sect, Microscopy Branch, Rocky Mt Labs,NIH, Hamilton, MT 59840 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Orndorff, PE (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Microbiol Pathol & Parasitol, 4700 Hillsborough St, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. EM paul_orndorff@ncsu.edu NR 69 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0950-382X J9 MOL MICROBIOL JI Mol. Microbiol. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 30 IS 2 BP 365 EP 379 DI 10.1046/j.1365-2958.1998.01071.x PG 15 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA 131BE UT WOS:000076555200014 PM 9791181 ER PT J AU Krag, D Weaver, D Ashikaga, T Moffat, F Klimberg, VS Shriver, C Feldman, S Kusminsky, R Gadd, M Kuhn, J Harlow, S Beitsch, P AF Krag, D Weaver, D Ashikaga, T Moffat, F Klimberg, VS Shriver, C Feldman, S Kusminsky, R Gadd, M Kuhn, J Harlow, S Beitsch, P TI The sentinel node in breast cancer - A multicenter validation study SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID GAMMA-PROBE; LYMPH-NODE; AXILLARY DISSECTION; MALIGNANT-MELANOMA; SURGERY; ARM; LYMPHADENECTOMY; LOCALIZATION; CARCINOMA; BIOPSY AB Background Pilot studies indicate that probe-guided resection of radioactive sentinel nodes (the first nodes that receive drainage from tumors) can identify regional metastases in patients with breast cancer. To confirm this finding, we conducted a multicenter study of the method as used by 11 surgeons in a variety of practice settings. Methods We enrolled 443 patients with breast cancer. The technique involved the injection of 4 mi of technetium-99m sulfur colloid (1 mCi [37 MBq]) into the breast around the tumor or biopsy cavity. "Hot spots" representing underlying sentinel nodes were identified with a gamma probe. Sentinel nodes subjacent to hot spots were removed. All patients underwent a complete axillary lymphadenectomy. Results The overall rate of identification of hot spots was 93 percent (in 413 of 443 patients). The pathological status of the sentinel nodes was compared with that of the remaining axillary nodes. The accuracy of the sentinel nodes with respect to the positive or negative status of the axillary nodes was 97 percent (392 of 405); the specificity of the method was 100 percent, the positive predictive value was 100 percent, the negative predictive value was 96 percent (291 of 304), and the sensitivity was 89 percent (101 of 114). The sentinel nodes were outside the axilla in 8 percent of cases and outside of level 1 nodes in 11 percent of cases. Three percent of positive sentinel nodes were in nonaxillary locations. Conclusions Biopsy of sentinel nodes can predict the presence or absence of axillary-node metastases in patients with breast cancer. However, the procedure can be technically challenging, and the success rate varies according to the surgeon and the characteristics of the patient. (N Engl J Med 1998; 339:941-6.) (C)1998, Massachusetts Medical Society. C1 Univ Vermont, Ctr Canc, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. Univ Vermont, Dept Surg, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. Univ Vermont, Dept Pathol, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. Univ Vermont, Dept Biometry, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. Sylvester Canc Ctr, Miami, FL USA. Arkansas Canc Res Ctr, Little Rock, AR USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Benedictine Hosp, Kingston, NY USA. Charleston Area Med Ctr, Charleston, WV USA. Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Boston, MA 02114 USA. Baylor Univ, Med Ctr, Dallas, TX USA. St Paul Hosp, Dallas, TX USA. RP Krag, D (reprint author), Univ Vermont, Ctr Canc, Given Bldg E309, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [U01 CA65121-02, P30CA22435] NR 34 TC 1357 Z9 1413 U1 5 U2 26 PU MASS MEDICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 10 SHATTUCK, BOSTON, MA 02115 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD OCT 1 PY 1998 VL 339 IS 14 BP 941 EP 946 DI 10.1056/NEJM199810013391401 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 124MW UT WOS:000076186900001 PM 9753708 ER PT J AU Sanford, DK de Cal, OEMY Belyea, DA AF Sanford, DK de Cal, OEMY Belyea, DA TI Response of intraocular pressure to retrobulbar and peribulbar anesthesia SO OPHTHALMIC SURGERY AND LASERS LA English DT Article ID CATARACT-SURGERY AB BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the response of intraocular pressure (IOP) to retrobulbar and peribulbar anesthesia. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients were prospectively masked and randomized to receive either 4 cc of retrobulbar anesthesia (X = 29) or 6 cc of peribulbar anesthesia (X = 30), each consisting of a 50:50 mixture of 2% xylocaine and 0.75% bupivacaine with 150 units of hyaluronidase. IOPs were measured pre-anesthesia and 1, 2, and 5 minutes postanesthesia in nonglaucoma patients undergoing cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation. RESULTS: Mean IOPs in the retrobulbar group as determined with a tonometer were 18.24, 18.66, 19.14, and 17.86 mm Hg pre-anesthesia and 1, 2, and 5 minutes post-anesthesia, respectively. In the peribulbar group, the mean IOPs were 18.53, 21.20, 20.40, and 19.20 mm Hg, respectively. The 1-minute pressures in the two groups were statistically different (P = .023). Within the peribulbar group, the 1- and 2-minute pressures were statistically different from the pre-anesthesia IOP (P = .001 and P = .018, respectively). CONCLUSION: Peribulbar anesthesia, with its higher volume of anesthetic (6 vs 4 cc), results in a higher initial IOP. This difference was slight and short lived, and occurred in the absence of any external ocular compression. This study may have application in avoiding elevation of IOP in select patients undergoing a local procedure. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Ophthalmol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Sanford, DK (reprint author), William Beaumont Army Med Ctr, Ophthalmol Serv, El Paso, TX 79920 USA. NR 11 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0022-023X J9 OPHTHALMIC SURG LAS JI Ophthalmic Surg. Lasers PD OCT PY 1998 VL 29 IS 10 BP 815 EP 817 PG 3 WC Ophthalmology; Surgery SC Ophthalmology; Surgery GA 128UB UT WOS:000076424200004 PM 9793946 ER PT J AU Bliese, PD AF Bliese, Paul D. TI Group Size, ICC Values, and Group-Level Correlations: A Simulation SO ORGANIZATIONAL RESEARCH METHODS LA English DT Article AB In the organizational literature, the impact of group size on the magnitude of the group-level correlation has not been explicitly delineated, despite the fact that group sizes vary considerably in organizational research. This article discusses the relationship between group size, ICC(1) values, and the magnitude of the group-level correlation, and shows that group size and ICC(1) values are important because they influence the reliability of the aggregate variables. Based on this discussion, a correction for attenuation formula is proposed that permits one to estimate the magnitude of the actual group-level correlation corrected for the reliability of the aggregate variables. A simulation study demonstrates that the correction for attenuation formula provides accurate estimates of the actual group-level correlation under a wide range of conditions. Implications for multilevel analyses are discussed. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Bliese, PD (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 27 TC 160 Z9 164 U1 2 U2 32 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1094-4281 J9 ORGAN RES METHODS JI Organ. Res. Methods PD OCT PY 1998 VL 1 IS 4 BP 355 EP 373 DI 10.1177/109442819814001 PG 19 WC Psychology, Applied; Management SC Psychology; Business & Economics GA V22OH UT WOS:000208284000001 ER PT J AU Johnson, HB Seipp, TG Candler, GV AF Johnson, HB Seipp, TG Candler, GV TI Numerical study of hypersonic reacting boundary layer transition on cones SO PHYSICS OF FLUIDS LA English DT Article ID THERMOCHEMICAL NONEQUILIBRIUM; LINEAR-STABILITY; FLOW AB Hypersonic gas flow over cones is solved using computational fluid dynamics to obtain accurate boundary layer profiles. A linear stability analysis is performed on the profiles to determine the amplification rates of naturally occurring disturbances, and this information is used with the e(N) method to predict the boundary layer transition location. The effects of free-stream total enthalpy and chemical composition on transition location are studied to give a better understanding of recent experimental observations. Namely, there Is an increase in transition Reynolds number with increasing free-stream total enthalpy, and this increase is greater for gases with lower dissociation energies. The results show that linear stability predicts the same trends that were observed in the experiments, bur with N= 10, it consistently overpredicts the transition Reynolds numbers by about a factor of 2. The results of numerical experiments are presented which show the effect of reaction endo- or exothermicity on disturbance amplification rates. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Minnesota, Army High Performance Comp Res Ctr, Dept Aerosp Engn & Mech, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Johnson, HB (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Army High Performance Comp Res Ctr, Dept Aerosp Engn & Mech, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. NR 25 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 1070-6631 J9 PHYS FLUIDS JI Phys. Fluids PD OCT PY 1998 VL 10 IS 10 BP 2676 EP 2685 DI 10.1063/1.869781 PG 10 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA 122DP UT WOS:000076056900023 ER PT J AU Brown, SJ AF Brown, SJ TI So, Doc ... what's my cholesterol? Frustrations of discussing the physical exam SO POSTGRADUATE MEDICINE LA English DT Article RP Brown, SJ (reprint author), 815-B Sequoia Cir, Ft Bragg, CA 95437 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MCGRAW HILL HEALTHCARE PUBLICATIONS PI MINNEAPOLIS PA 4530 WEST 77TH ST, MINNEAPOLIS, MN 55435-5000 USA SN 0032-5481 J9 POSTGRAD MED JI Postgrad. Med. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 104 IS 4 BP 23 EP 24 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 128QL UT WOS:000076417600003 PM 9793552 ER PT J AU Cole, MW Ren, F Pearton, SJ AF Cole, MW Ren, F Pearton, SJ TI The structure and thermal stability of tungsten-based contact metallizations to n-GaN SO SCANNING LA English DT Article DE GaN; contacts; interfacial microstructure; high-temperature electronics; thermally stable ID OHMIC CONTACTS; NITRIDE AB Thermally stable contacts to n-GaN have been obtained using W and WSi. Low specific contact resistance was achieved for the W metallization with limited reaction between the metal and semiconductor up to 1000 degrees C. The formation of the beta-W2N and W-N interfacial phases were deemed responsible for the electrical integrity observed at these annealing temperatures. The W-x-N1-x interfacial phases functioned as efficient barriers to the outdiffusion of Ga. For WSi, the beta-W2N interfacial phase formation was observed after annealing at 700 degrees and 800 degrees C. This phase also prevented Ga outdiffusion at these elevated temperatures. Optimization of this phase and moderate suppression of interfacial irregularities occurred after annealing at 800 degrees C. This investigation demonstrates that both W and WSi contacts appear to be reasonable contact choices for high-temperature electronics applications. C1 USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Chem Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Cole, MW (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FAMS INC PI MAHWAH PA BOX 832, MAHWAH, NJ 07430 USA SN 0161-0457 J9 SCANNING JI Scanning PD OCT PY 1998 VL 20 IS 7 BP 522 EP 526 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Microscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Microscopy GA 148DZ UT WOS:000077490600007 ER PT J AU Donovan, SM Mackenzie, JD Abernathy, CR Pearton, SJ Ren, F Jones, K Cole, M AF Donovan, SM Mackenzie, JD Abernathy, CR Pearton, SJ Ren, F Jones, K Cole, M TI Thermal stability of ohmic contacts to InN SO SOLID-STATE ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article ID NITRIDE THIN-FILMS; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; GALLIUM NITRIDE; GAN FILMS; GROWTH AB Ohmic contacts based on the use of InN have been developed which show low contact resistance and good adhesion even after annealing at temperatures up to 600 degrees C. Samples with thin InN layers actually showed improvement in contact resistance with annealing in this range. InN layer thick nesses less than or equal to 1000 Angstrom also showed good adhesion over this range, while thicker samples exhibited delamination at temperatures as low as 400 degrees C. Annealing at 700 degrees C produced severe degradation of the contact resistance due to decomposition of the InN and diffusion of the In into the WSix. (C) 1998 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. AT&T Bell Labs, Lucent Technol, Murray Hill, NJ 07974 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Donovan, SM (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, POB 116400,132 Ritines Hall, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-1101 J9 SOLID STATE ELECTRON JI Solid-State Electron. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 42 IS 10 BP 1831 EP 1833 DI 10.1016/S0038-1101(98)00144-0 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA 130MD UT WOS:000076523100010 ER PT J AU Majkowski, GR Jovag, BW Taylor, BT Taylor, MS Allison, SC Stetts, DM Clayton, RL AF Majkowski, GR Jovag, BW Taylor, BT Taylor, MS Allison, SC Stetts, DM Clayton, RL TI The effect of back belt use on isometric lifting force and fatigue of the lumbar paraspinal muscles SO SPINE LA English DT Article DE electromyography; fatigue; isometric contraction; low back pain; lumbar; muscle ID SQUAT EXERCISE; WEIGHT-BELTS; TRUNK; STRENGTH; PAIN AB Study design. A repeated measures multivariate design to assess the effect of back belts on isometric lifting force and lumbar paraspinal muscle fatigue. Objective. To determine the efficacy of lumbar back belts in minimizing a loss in isometric force production and fatigue of lumbar paraspinal muscles. Summary of Background Data. Increased prevalence of back belts in industry and lack of scientific evidence supporting them suggested additional research was needed. There has been no conclusive research to substantiate manufacturer claims that use of belts reduces fatigue of lumbar paraspinals. Methods. Twenty-four subjects, 13 men and 11 women, were tested twice: once with and once without a belt. All subjects performed a dynamic lifting task at a rate of 10 lifts per minute for 20 minutes. Surface electromyograms from the lumbar paraspinals and isometric force measurements were recorded during a static maximal isometric lift at 0, 10, and 20 minutes. Load during the dynamic task was determined as 20% of initial maximum isometric force. Electromyographic data were used to detect changes in median power spectral frequencies. Muscular fatigue was indicated by a reduction in median power spectral frequency values or a decrease in isometric force-generating capacity. Results. Multivariate and univariate analyses suggest that there is no effect on lumbar paraspinal muscle fatigue or isometric lifting force production as a result of back belt use. Conclusions. These findings do not support the use of back belts for the purpose of minimizing either lumbar paraspinal muscle fatigue or a loss in isometric lifting force production. C1 USA, Baylor Grad Program Phys Therapy, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Majkowski, GR (reprint author), 9511 Perrin Beitel 1304, San Antonio, TX 78217 USA. NR 18 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0362-2436 J9 SPINE JI SPINE PD OCT 1 PY 1998 VL 23 IS 19 BP 2104 EP 2109 DI 10.1097/00007632-199810010-00013 PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology; Orthopedics SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Orthopedics GA 127KB UT WOS:000076348800012 PM 9794055 ER PT J AU Burch, HB Shakir, F Fitzsimmons, TR Jaques, DP Shriver, CD AF Burch, HB Shakir, F Fitzsimmons, TR Jaques, DP Shriver, CD TI Diagnosis and management of the autonomously functioning thyroid nodule: The Walter Reed Army Medical Center experience, 1975-1994 SO THYROID LA English DT Article ID PERCUTANEOUS ETHANOL INJECTION; THYROTROPIN RECEPTOR; SUPPRESSIVE THERAPY; GRAVES-DISEASE; CARCINOMA; MUTATIONS; HYPERTHYROIDISM; I-131; HOT; LEVOTHYROXINE AB In order to characterize the clinical and laboratory features of autonomously functioning thyroid nodules (AFTNs), and to assess optimal diagnosis and management of patients with this disorder, we performed a retrospective analysis of 49 such patients over a 22-year period encompassing January 1975 to November 1996. The following data were analyzed: thyroid hormone levels, thyroid scintiscan, radioiodine uptake, fine-needle aspiration biopsy, triiodothyronine (T-3) suppression testing, thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) stimulation test, and thyroid ultrasound. Clinical outcomes assessed included persistent hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, and nodule shrinkage after treatment, or in patients followed without definitive therapy, nodule growth, spontaneous degeneration, and progression to hyperthyroidism. Biochemical hyperthyroidism, often subclinical, was found in 73.5% of patients at presentation and in an additional 24.4% of patients during subsequent follow-up. The introduction of sensitive thyrotropin (TSH) testing during the period of study resulted in a decrease in the use of the T-3-suppression test and TRH stimulation test from 100% and 20%, respectively, in the period from 1976-1980, to 4% each in the period from 1991-1996. T-3-thyrotoxicosis occurred in 12.2% of patients. Thyrotoxicosis at any time during the course of follow-up was positively correlated with nodule size at diagnosis. Definitive therapy, used in 42.8% of patients, consisted of radioiodine ablation (38.1%) or thyroidectomy (61.9%). No patient had recurrence of thyrotoxicosis after definitive therapy, but 25% became hypothyroid. During follow-up for a mean of 30.9 months, nodules enlarged in 25% of patients overall, or 33% of patients not receiving definitive therapy. Cystic degeneration was documented in 26.5% of patients, although this change rarely reversed subclinical hyperthyroidism. The diagnosis of an AFTN requires a demonstration of TSH-independent nodular hyperfunction. The introduction of sensitive TSH assays has simplified the evaluation of AFTN patients and revealed a high prevalence of subclinical thyroid hyperfunction in this disorder. In view of current increased awareness of adverse consequences associated with subclinical hyperthyroidism and the rarity of spontaneous resolution of hyperthyroidism in AFTN patients (despite a propensity for spontaneous hemorrhage), definitive therapy is recommended. Both radioiodine and hemithyroidectomy have high cure rates and a low posttreatment incidence of hypothyroidism. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Kyle Metab Unit, Endocrine Metab Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Gen Surg Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Burch, HB (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Kyle Metab Unit, Endocrine Metab Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 46 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 1050-7256 J9 THYROID JI Thyroid PD OCT PY 1998 VL 8 IS 10 BP 871 EP 880 DI 10.1089/thy.1998.8.871 PG 10 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 135NM UT WOS:000076808900002 PM 9827653 ER PT J AU Greenwalt, T Hess, J Rugg, N Knapp, A Gormas, J AF Greenwalt, T Hess, J Rugg, N Knapp, A Gormas, J TI RBCs stored for 8 weeks in a new additive solution meet FDA criteria. SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Cincinnati, Hoxworth Blood Ctr, Cincinnati, OH USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC BLOOD BANKS PI BETHESDA PA 8101 GLENBROOK RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2749 USA SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD OCT PY 1998 VL 38 IS 10 SU S MA S242 BP 66S EP 66S PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 124FM UT WOS:000076171800262 ER PT J AU Ma, Z Henein, NA Bryzik, W Glidewell, J AF Ma, Z Henein, NA Bryzik, W Glidewell, J TI Break in liner wear and piston ring assembly friction in a spark-ignited engine SO TRIBOLOGY TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 53rd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Tribologists-and-Lubrication-Engineers CY MAY 17-21, 1998 CL DETROIT, MICHIGAN SP Soc Tribologists & Lubricat Engineers DE wear; friction; internal combustion engines ID CYLINDER AB Cylinder liner wear and surface roughness were measured at the top-ring reversal point of a single-cylinder, air-cooled, spark-ignition (gasoline) engine during break-in. In addition, the instantaneous frictional torque of the engine was determined and correlated with the wear rate and surface roughness during this period. The engine friction, liner surface roughness and wear had their highest values at the beginning of the break-in period. The wear rate dropped sharply during the first hour, after which it maintained a steady lower rate. The surface roughness and friction took longer than the wear rate to stabilize. Friction was found to change in three modes. The first mode took one hour and was characterized by a sharp drop in wear rate and a small drop in friction. The second mode was a transition to the third mode, and took about 2.5 hours. The third made lasted about 20 hours and was characterized by a drop in both surface roughness and friction. The wear rate did not change much during this mode. After the third mode, the friction and surface roughness changed at a slow steady rate. The total test took 28 hours. Correlations developed for wear rate, surface roughness and friction indicated that friction was a linear function of the surface roughness over the whole period. However, friction war not an indicator of the wear rate. C1 Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. USA, TARDEC, Warren, MI 48397 USA. Ford Motor Co, Dearborn, MI 48121 USA. RP Ma, Z (reprint author), Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. NR 12 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 2 PU SOC TRIBOLOGISTS & LUBRICATION ENGINEERS PI PARK RIDGE PA 840 BUSSE HIGHWAY, PARK RIDGE, IL 60068 USA SN 1040-2004 J9 TRIBOL T JI Tribol. Trans. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 41 IS 4 BP 497 EP 504 DI 10.1080/10402009808983774 PG 8 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 142XF UT WOS:000077225200010 ER PT J AU Henein, NA Ma, Z Huang, SQ Bryzik, W Glidewell, J AF Henein, NA Ma, Z Huang, SQ Bryzik, W Glidewell, J TI In situ wear measuring technique in engine cylinders SO TRIBOLOGY TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 51st Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Tribologists-and-Lubrication-Engineers CY MAY 19-23, 1997 CL CINCINNATI, OHIO SP Soc Tribologists & Lubricat Engineers DE automotive tribology; internal combustion engines; gas; wear and failure; surface roughness ID LINERS; BORES AB An in situ wear probe was developed to measure the rate of cylinder finer wear and its roughness at the top ring reversal point where severe wear can occur. The wear probe can be removed from the cyl inder block and replaced without the need for engine disassembly. The wear probe is scanned at a laser stylus surface measuring station where its topography and wear are analyzed. The engine used is a single-cylinder, air-cooled gasoline engine. A sample of the surface properties and analysis is given. Experimental data are given for the wear rate and different roughness parameters and their variation over the first few hours of the break-in period. C1 Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. Caterpillar Inc, Peoria, IL 61656 USA. USA, TARDEC, Warren, MI USA. Ford Motor Co, Dearborn, MI 48121 USA. RP Henein, NA (reprint author), Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC TRIBOLOGISTS & LUBRICATION ENGINEERS PI PARK RIDGE PA 840 BUSSE HIGHWAY, PARK RIDGE, IL 60068 USA SN 1040-2004 J9 TRIBOL T JI Tribol. Trans. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 41 IS 4 BP 579 EP 585 DI 10.1080/10402009808983785 PG 7 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 142XF UT WOS:000077225200021 ER PT J AU Manory, RR Li, CL Fountzoulas, C Demaree, JD Hirvonen, JK Nowak, R AF Manory, RR Li, CL Fountzoulas, C Demaree, JD Hirvonen, JK Nowak, R TI Effect of nitrogen ion-implantation on the tribological properties and hardness of TiN films SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Engineering Foundation Conference on the Modification of Ceramics and Semiconductors by Ion Bombardment CY MAY 19-23, 1997 CL IL CIOCCO, ITALY SP Engn Fdn DE ion implantation; tribological properties; TiN film; ultra-microhardness ID RESIDUAL-STRESS; INDENTATION; COATINGS; SAPPHIRE; WEAR AB The tribological properties and ultra-micro hardness of ion-implanted TiN films grown by a commercial PVD technique on steel substrates are addressed. The ion-beam treatment was performed using non-mass analyzed nitrogen beam with energy of 100 keV to nominal doses ranging between 0.5 and 6 x 10(17) ion cm(-2). The analytical techniques employed by us included: Rutherford backscattering (RBS) for depth profile determination, pin-on-disc tests and nano-indentation tests. It was found that the bombardment with nitrogen ions considerably improved the friction coefficient of TiN films except for layers modified with the highest does (6 x 10(17) ion cm(-2)). Examination of virgin and ion-beam bombarded specimens by the ultra-microhardness method revealed differences in mechanical characteristics before and after indentation. The surface deformation results are discussed from the point of view of irradiation induced defects. The hardness data seem to be affected by variations in nitrogen content due to bombarding with nitrogen ions. The analysis of indentation load-depth curves is supported by considerations based on energy principle of indentation. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved. C1 RMIT Univ, Dept Chem & Met Engn, Melbourne, Vic 3001, Australia. Osaka Univ, Inst Sci & Ind Res, Ibaraki, Osaka 567, Japan. USA, Mat Res Labs, ASMRL MA CC, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Nagoya Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Showa Ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466, Japan. RP RMIT Univ, Dept Chem & Met Engn, POB 2476V, Melbourne, Vic 3001, Australia. RI Nowak, Roman/A-3075-2013; OI Nowak, Roman/0000-0001-7898-0166; Li, Chunliang/0000-0003-3826-8400 NR 19 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 EI 1873-4936 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD SEP 30 PY 1998 VL 253 IS 1-2 BP 319 EP 327 DI 10.1016/S0921-5093(98)00743-6 PG 9 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 130LG UT WOS:000076521100040 ER PT J AU Pearton, SJ Wilson, RG Zavada, JM Han, J Shul, RJ AF Pearton, SJ Wilson, RG Zavada, JM Han, J Shul, RJ TI Thermal stability of H-2-implanted n- and p-type GaN SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HYDROGEN; MG AB Implantation of H-2(+) into n- and p- type GaN creates high resistivity material in which the resistance displays activation energies of 0.8 and 0.9 eV, respectively. Annealing at 500 degrees C restores the initial, preimplanted resistance of the n- GaN, due to removal of the deep trap states created by the ion stopping. By contrast, in p- type GaN annealing at 500 degrees C produces motion of the implanted deuterium and formation of Mg-H complexes that keep the resistance high. About 20% of the deuterium remains in n- GaN even after annealing at 1200 degrees C, where it decorates the residual implant damage. In p- type GaN all of the deuterium is evolved from the crystal by 1000 degrees C. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. [S0003-6951(98)03839- X]. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Pearton, SJ (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. NR 19 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD SEP 28 PY 1998 VL 73 IS 13 BP 1877 EP 1879 DI 10.1063/1.122324 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 124JZ UT WOS:000076180300041 ER PT J AU Sperry, ML Skanchy, D Marino, MT AF Sperry, ML Skanchy, D Marino, MT TI High-performance liquid chromatographic determination of N-[2-(hydroxyethyl)-N-(2-(7-guaninyl)ethyl)]methylamine, a reaction product between nitrogen mustard and DNA and its application to biological samples SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY B LA English DT Article DE nitrogen mustard; DNA; N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-N-[2-(7-guaninyl)ethyl]methylamine ID ADDUCTS AB Nitrogen mustard (HN2) is a bifunctional alkylating agent which is thought to cause cytotoxicity by covalently binding to DNA. Most studies to date have looked at qualitatively determining the presence of DNA-HN2 adducts from reactions with native DNA. The adduct which is predominately formed in these reactions is N-[2-(hydroxyethyl)-N-(2-(7-guaninyl)ethyl]methylamine (N7G). A simple and sensitive reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method for the determination of N7G from DNA using ultraviolet detection is described. DNA samples having been exposed to HN2 treatment were hydrolyzed and preseparated from high-molecular-mass material by filtration using a molecular mass cut-off of 3000. The mobile phase consisted of methanol-26 mM ammonium formate, pH 6.5 (24:76, v/v). N7G, as well as the internal standard, methoxyphenol, were separated within 30 min. The recovery of N7G after hydrolysis of the DNA reaction product was quantitative and limits of detection and quantification of 10 and 20 ng/ml, respectively, were calculated. The method was validated in DNA-HN2 dose response experiments. The N7G reaction product appears to be the first reaction product formed at lower ratios of HN2/DNA but its production plateaus at higher ratios of HN2/DNA probably due to increased formation of hitherto unknown adducts. The method is simple and sensitive and for this reason, may be suited for the determination of DNA/HN2 reaction products. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Med Chem, Div Expt Therapeut, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Pharmacol, Div Expt Therapeut, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Skanchy, D (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Med Chem, Div Expt Therapeut, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 10 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4347 J9 J CHROMATOGR B JI J. Chromatogr. B PD SEP 25 PY 1998 VL 716 IS 1-2 BP 187 EP 193 DI 10.1016/S0378-4347(98)00296-5 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 129UM UT WOS:000076482100021 PM 9824232 ER PT J AU Carrieri, AH Bottiger, JR Owens, DJ Roese, ES AF Carrieri, AH Bottiger, JR Owens, DJ Roese, ES TI Differential absorption Mueller matrix spectroscopy and the infrared detection of crystalline organics SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article AB The complete 16-element Mueller matrices for backscattering from amino acids, sugars, and other enantiomorphic compounds pressed into wafer form were measured at infrared wavelengths. For each compound a pair of CO2 laser Lines was selected from the 9.1-11.6-mu m region such that one line excited an absorption band in the compound, whereas the other did not. It was observed that at least some of the matrix elements differed significantly depending on which of the two wavelengths was used in the measurement. We propose that a neural network pattern recognition system can be trained to detect the presence of specific compounds based on multiwavelength backscatter Mueller matrix measurements. (C) 1998 Optical Society of America. C1 USA, Chem & Biol Def Command, Edgewood Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Res & Technol Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Quetron Syst Inc, Forrest Hill, MD 21050 USA. RP Carrieri, AH (reprint author), USA, Chem & Biol Def Command, Edgewood Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Res & Technol Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 19 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-6935 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD SEP 20 PY 1998 VL 37 IS 27 BP 6550 EP 6557 DI 10.1364/AO.37.006550 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA 121WH UT WOS:000076038400035 PM 18286164 ER PT J AU Meier, HL Millard, CB AF Meier, HL Millard, CB TI Alterations in human lymphocyte DNA caused by sulfur mustard can be mitigated by selective inhibitors of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase SO BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT US Army Science Conference CY 1996 CL NORFOLK, VIRGINIA DE sulfur mustard; DNA fragmentation; apoptosis; necrosis; lymphocyte; poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase ID DAMAGE; MICE; HD; VIABILITY; APOPTOSIS; RECOVERY; REPAIR AB Changes in genomic DNA caused by exposure to the cytotoxic alkylating agent, 2,2'-dichlorodiethyl sulfide (sulfur mustard; HD), alone or in combination with selective inhibitors of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), were analyzed as a function of HD concentration and post-exposure time. Preparations of human peripheral blood lymphocytes were exposed to HD (1x10(-8) M-1 x 10(-3) M), and incubated at 37 degrees C for 0-24 h. Total genomic DNA was extracted from these cells and compared with DNA from control cells of the same donor using agarose gel electrophoresis. The effects of HD on genomic DNA depended on the HD concentration and the length of the post-exposure time interval. DNA fragmentation was detected as early as 2 h after exposure to 3 x 10(-4) M HD, or at 24 h after exposure to 6 x 10(-6) M HD. The qualitative DNA pattern, as well as the extent of DNA fragmentation, changed with post-exposure time. Exposure to HD caused a time-dependent shift in the DNA cleavage pattern from an oligonucleosome-sized 'DNA ladder' characteristic of apoptotic cell death, to a 'broad band' pattern characteristic of necrotic cell death. DNA fragmentation was not observed if cells were killed with heat or with Lewisite. Treatment of cells with selective PARP inhibitors consistently altered the DNA fragmentation caused by HD exposure. The inhibitors arrested DNA fragmentation at the DNA ladder stage. This effect only was observed if the PARP inhibitors were applied within 8 h of HD exposure. We conclude that early inhibition of PARP activity can induce a switch in the mechanism of cell death caused by HD. Such a switch may be useful therapeutically to convert a lytic, pro-inflammatory cell death that includes the disintegration of dying cells (necrosis), into a slower, programmed cell death that includes absorption of dying cells (apoptosis). 0165-4889/98/$ - see front matter (C) 1998 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Meier, HL (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 27 TC 21 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-4889 J9 BBA-MOL CELL RES JI Biochim. Biophys. Acta-Mol. Cell Res. PD SEP 16 PY 1998 VL 1404 IS 3 BP 367 EP 376 DI 10.1016/S0167-4889(98)00078-0 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 124NW UT WOS:000076189500010 PM 9739165 ER PT J AU Thomas, JJ Falk, B Fenselau, C Jackman, J Ezzell, J AF Thomas, JJ Falk, B Fenselau, C Jackman, J Ezzell, J TI Viral characterization by direct analysis of capsid proteins SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID TOBACCO MOSAIC-VIRUS; EQUINE ENCEPHALITIS-VIRUS; IONIZATION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; COMPLETE NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; POSTTRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATIONS; GAG PROTEINS; STRAIN; RNA; PEPTIDE; POLARITY AB Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry has enabled viral coat proteins to be characterized directly from the virus. This analysis, demonstrated here with tobacco mosaic virus U2, a bacteriophage MS2, and equine encephalitis TRD, is achieved with a combination of organic acid, W-absorbing matrix, and high-energy desorption with a nitrogen laser. The molecular weights of these proteins are determined with sufficient accuracy to allow differentiation among viral species and strains. The abundant hydrophobic MS2 coat protein was analyzed in aliquots of culture medium and of the tobacco mosaic virus coat protein in infected leaves. This method provides rapid detection of coat protein in the low-femtomole range, as estimated by titering plaque-forming units of MS2. C1 Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Chem & Biochem, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, MCMR, UID,P, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Fenselau, C (reprint author), Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Chem & Biochem, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. NR 43 TC 51 Z9 53 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD SEP 15 PY 1998 VL 70 IS 18 BP 3863 EP 3867 DI 10.1021/ac9802372 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 119RT UT WOS:000075911500022 PM 9751026 ER PT J AU Bloomfield, CD Lawrence, D Byrd, JC Carroll, A Pettenati, MJ Tantravahi, R Patil, SR Davey, FR Berg, DT Schiffer, CA Arthur, DC Mayer, RJ AF Bloomfield, CD Lawrence, D Byrd, JC Carroll, A Pettenati, MJ Tantravahi, R Patil, SR Davey, FR Berg, DT Schiffer, CA Arthur, DC Mayer, RJ TI Frequency of prolonged remission duration after high-dose cytarabine intensification in acute myeloid leukemia varies by cytogenetic subtype SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID ACUTE NONLYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA; ACUTE MYELOGENOUS LEUKEMIA; INTENSIVE POSTREMISSION CHEMOTHERAPY; CLINICAL-SIGNIFICANCE; CYTOSINE-ARABINOSIDE; CURE RATE; KARYOTYPE; TRANSLOCATION; ABNORMALITIES; DAUNORUBICIN AB Advances in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) have occurred with the introduction of new therapies including high-dose cytarabine and the identification of powerful prognostic factors such as cytogenetics that predict for long-term outcome. To date, the prognostic impact of cytarabine dose escalation within various cytogenetic groups of AML has not been assessed. We describe 285 newly diagnosed patients with primary AML who had adequate karyotypes and were enrolled on a prospective Cancer and Leukemia Group B cytogenetic study. All patients were randomly assigned to postremission treatment with standard-, intermediate-, or high-dose cytarabine intensification. Patients were categorized to one of three cytogenetic groups: (a) core binding factor type [(CBF); ie., t(8;21) inv(16), t(16;16), and del(16)]; (b) normal; and (c) other abnormality karyotype, An evaluation of these patients after a median follow-up time of over 7 years was performed to determine the relationship of intensification to outcome by cytogenetic group. Patients included 57 patients with CBF AML, 140 patients with normal karyotype AML, and 88 patients with other cytogenetic abnormalities. The treatment outcome of CBF AML patients was superior, with an estimated 50% still in complete remission (CR) after 5 years as compared with 32 and 15% for patients with normal karyotype AML and other abnormality AML, respectively (P < 0.001). Univariate analysis showed the following nonkaryotype factors to predict a prolonged CR duration: (a) younger age (P < 0.008); (b) lower leukocyte count (P = 0.01); (c) the presence of Auer rods (P = 0.004); (d) a lower percentage of bone marrow blasts (P = 0.001) at the time of diagnosis, (e) and a higher postremission cytarabine dose (P < 0.001). The impact of cytarabine dose an long-term remission was most marked (P < 0.001) in the CBF AML group (after 5 years, 78% of those with a dose of 3 g/m(2) were still in CR, 57% of those with a dose of 400 mg/m(2) were still in CR, and 16% of those with a dose of 100 mg/m(2) were still in CR) followed by normal karyotype AML (P = 0.01; after 5 years, 40% of those with a dose of 3 g/m2 were still in CR, 37% of those with a dose of 400 mg/m(2) were still in CR, and 20% of those with a dose of 100 mg/m2 were still in CR), In contrast, cytarabine at all doses produced only a 21% or less chance of long-term continuous CR for patients with other cytogenetic abnormalities. A multivariate analysis of CR duration assessed the independent impact of each of these variables on cure, Significant factors entering this model in descending order of importance were cytogenetic group (CBF > normal > other abnormality; P = 0.00001), cytarabine dose (3 g/m2 > 400 mg/m2 > 100 mg/m2; P = 0.00001),logarithm of leukocyte count at the time of diagnosis (P = 0.0005), and histological subtype of AML (P = 0.005). This study demonstrates that the curative impact of cytarabine intensification varies significantly among cytogenetic groups and results in a substantial prolongation of CR among patients with CBF and normal karyotypes, but not in those with other karyotypic abnormalities. These findings support the use of pretreatment cytogenetics in risk stratification of postremission AML therapy. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Hematol Oncol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Roswell Pk Canc Inst, Buffalo, NY 14263 USA. Univ Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35229 USA. Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. Dana Farber Canc Inst, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. SUNY Hlth Sci Ctr, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. Univ Maryland, Ctr Canc, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Byrd, JC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Hematol Oncol Serv, Ward 78, Washington, DC 20307 USA. FU PHS HHS [31946, 16058, 26806] NR 39 TC 489 Z9 497 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI BIRMINGHAM PA PO BOX 11806, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35202 USA SN 0008-5472 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD SEP 15 PY 1998 VL 58 IS 18 BP 4173 EP 4179 PG 7 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 120ZM UT WOS:000075987800030 PM 9751631 ER PT J AU Cole, DM Shapiro, LH AF Cole, DM Shapiro, LH TI Observations of brine drainage networks and microstructure of first-year sea ice SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID CHANNELS AB Brine drainage networks and the microstructure of first-year sea ice have been examined at two locations near Barrow, northern Alaska. A method for obtaining full-depth sections of ice sheets up to 1.8 m thick is presented and shown to provide information on the spatial distribution and geometry of brine drainage networks on a scale of meters. A number of such sections from the two test sites are presented which reveal a greater variety of main channel and side branch configurations than is typically observed in ice grown in the laboratory. Vertical and horizontal micrographs and thin section photographs were obtained in November 1993, and March and May 1994 at a test site in the relatively protected Elson Lagoon. The resulting time series of photographic records provide detailed information on the size, shape, and spatial distribution of the brine- and gas-filled inclusions and a means to quantify their size and shape changes with time. An example of the changes with time in inclusion sizes and aspect ratios in the vertical and horizontal directions for a depth of 0.2 m, with a given thermal history is also presented. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Univ Alaska, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. RP Cole, DM (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM dmcole@crrel.usnce.army.mil; laws@gi.alaska.edu NR 33 TC 40 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD SEP 15 PY 1998 VL 103 IS C10 BP 21739 EP 21750 DI 10.1029/98JC01264 PG 12 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 118WG UT WOS:000075863500028 ER PT J AU Cole, DM Johnson, RA Durell, GD AF Cole, DM Johnson, RA Durell, GD TI Cyclic loading and creep response of aligned first-year sea ice SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID SCB FRACTURE; SALINE ICE; ORIENTATIONS AB Characteristics such as brine and gas porosity and crystallographic features can have a profound impact on the mechanical properties of first-year sea ice. These characteristics vary spatially and temporally, and it is important in the development of constitutive models to address their variability in physically meaningful terms. A program of laboratory experiments on field cores of first-year sea ice has been conducted to aid in the development of such models. A thorough assessment of the bulk physical properties and microstructural characteristics of the ice has been carried out in conjunction with a detailed set of cyclic loading and creep experiments. Methodology was developed to calculate an orientation factor that determines the average shear stress resolved on the basal planes, given the background normal stress. Examination of the constitutive behavior using laboratory cyclic loading and constant load creep experiments revealed that the elastic, anelastic (time-dependent recoverable), and viscous strains varied systematically with the orientation factor. The observations also indicate significant brine porosity effects on the elastic, anelastic, and viscous components of strain. A recently developed constitutive model was expanded to include a frequency- and orientation-dependent viscous straining term, and the model predictions agreed well with the experimental observation. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Wesleyan Univ, Coll Letters, Middletown, CT 06459 USA. RP Cole, DM (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 30 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD SEP 15 PY 1998 VL 103 IS C10 BP 21751 EP 21758 DI 10.1029/98JC01265 PG 8 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 118WG UT WOS:000075863500029 ER PT J AU Richter-Menge, JA Elder, BC AF Richter-Menge, JA Elder, BC TI Characteristics of pack ice stress in the Alaskan Beaufort Sea SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID THERMALLY-INDUCED STRESSES; MODEL; CIRCULATION AB Ice stresses in a multiyear flee were continuously monitored over 6 months in the fall-winter-spring of 1993-1994. Stresses sensors were installed at sites near the edge and at the center of the flee, which was located in the pack ice of the Alaskan Beaufort Sea. Compressive stresses in the major principal stress component varied significantly among the measurement sites, being of greater magnitude and exhibiting more high-frequency variations at the edge than at the center of the flee. Maximum compressive stresses, measured at a site 400 m from the edge of the flee, ranged from 100 to 300 kPa. Tensile stresses (maximum of 50 kPa) and the minor principal stress component (+/-50 kPa) were relatively constant at all measurement sites. A cross-correlation analysis indicates that the minor principal stress is strongly correlated to changes in the ice temperature. This result suggests that the minor principal stress component provides a good first-order approximation of thermally induced stresses. Correlation between the major principal stress component and the ice temperature at the center site was also high, but weakened near the edges of the flee where the ice-motion-induced stresses became more significant. Attempts to filter the major principal stress signal to separate the thermal and ice-motion-induced stresses were unsuccessful. This result implies that the ice-motion-induced stresses, distinguished by variations in magnitude of the order of hours, also have a significant low-frequency content similar to the thermal stresses;These low-frequency changes occur over a period of days. Seasonal variations in the characteristics of the stress were also evident and are likely to reflect the developing continuity of the pack as the winter season progresses. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Richter-Menge, JA (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 36 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD SEP 15 PY 1998 VL 103 IS C10 BP 21817 EP 21829 DI 10.1029/98JC01261 PG 13 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 118WG UT WOS:000075863500035 ER PT J AU Lewis, JK Richter-Menge, JA AF Lewis, JK Richter-Menge, JA TI Motion-induced stresses in pack ice SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID SEA; DYNAMICS AB We consider motion-induced stresses in pack ice through the analyses of a variety of observations collected during the Sea Ice Mechanics Initiative study conducted in the Beaufort Sea during 1993. Motion-induced components of in situ stress from stress gauge data are compared to stresses calculated as residuals based on a force balance argument using observed wind, current, and ice motion data. There is reasonable qualitative and quantitative agreement between the observed and calculated motion-induced stresses in the north-south direction if the residual stress is assumed to be distributed over a horizontal distance of similar to 10 m. To obtain a general agreement with the magnitudes of the observed and calculated stresses in the east-west direction, the residual stress must be considered to be distributed over a horizontal distance of similar to 50 m. There are three significant stress events determined by the force balance calculations, but only the one event in the north-south direction has a strong corresponding signal in the stress gauge data. There is very little indication of the two events in the east-west direction in the gauge data. Numerical simulations of the distribution of motion-induced stresses within a flee show that significant variations in the character of the stresses can occur over short horizontal distances throughout the flee. Hence a seeming lack of a clear correspondence between the observed and calculated stress may be due to our inability to properly recognize the modified signature of the event at the specific locations of the stress gauges. The results suggest that to effectively develop an understanding of the role that point stress measurements can play in developing our understanding of the process of ice deformation, it may be necessary to couple the stress measurements with models of the patterns of motion-induced stresses within a flee. Finally, we consider the relationship between the residual stress and the differential motion of the ice pack as seen by a cluster of drifters on various flees. The three main stress events seen in the residual stresses all occurred during periods of convergence of the flees. However, we have tested various relationships between stress and strain, and they indicate that there should have been additional stress events as a result of other periods of substantial convergences of the ice pack. This suggests the possibility that the residual stresses were not locally generated. C1 Ocean Phys Res & Dev, Long Beach, MS 39560 USA. USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Lewis, JK (reprint author), Ocean Phys Res & Dev, 207 S Seashore Ave, Long Beach, MS 39560 USA. EM ocnphys@aol.com NR 21 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD SEP 15 PY 1998 VL 103 IS C10 BP 21831 EP 21843 DI 10.1029/98JC01262 PG 13 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 118WG UT WOS:000075863500036 ER PT J AU Hopkins, MA AF Hopkins, MA TI Four stages of pressure ridging SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID SEA-ICE; THICKNESS AB The pressure ridging process is simulated using a two-dimensional particle model. Blocks are broken from an intact sheet of relatively thin lead ice pushed against a thick, multiyear flee at a constant speed. The blocks of ice rubble accumulate to form the ridge sail and keel. During the simulations the energy consumed in ridge growth, including dissipation, is explicitly calculated. On the basis of the results of simulations performed with the model, the ridging process can be divided into four distinct stages. The first stage begins with an intact sheet of lead ice impacting a flee and ends when the sail reaches its maximum height. In the second stage the ridge keel deepens and widens. The stage ends when the maximum keel draft is reached. In the third stage the direction of growth is leadward creating a rubble field of more or less uniform thickness. The third stage ends when the supply of thin ice is exhausted. In the fourth stage the rubble field is compressed between converging flees. The results of simulations establish the dependence of ridging energetics in the first and second stages on the thickness of the ice sheet and the amount of ice pushed into the ridge. The average profiles of the simulated ridges delineate the growth process in the first, second, and third stages. The energetics and profiles of the fourth stage were described by Hopkins et al. [1991]. Lead ice extents of up to 1300 m are pushed into ridges to determine maximum sail heights, keel drafts, and ridging forces. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Hopkins, MA (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 16 TC 57 Z9 64 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD SEP 15 PY 1998 VL 103 IS C10 BP 21883 EP 21891 DI 10.1029/98JC01257 PG 9 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 118WG UT WOS:000075863500039 ER PT J AU Geiger, CA Hibler, WD Ackley, SF AF Geiger, CA Hibler, WD Ackley, SF TI Large-scale sea ice drift and deformation: Comparison between models and observations in the western Weddell Sea during 1992 SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID PACK ICE AB Statistical comparisons between numerical sea ice models and an observed large-scale strain array in the western Weddell Sea during 1992 are used to evaluate the performance of three of the more generally utilized sea ice rheology formulations. Results show that sea ice velocity is reproduced with relatively high accuracy (90% coherence, >80% normalized cross correlation) in models having high-quality atmospheric forcing fields (e.g., the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts). On the other hand, temporal and spatial variability of the velocity field, as exemplified by progressive vector plots and ice deformation, respectively, are reproduced less accurately (coherence and normalized cross correlation <50%). In terms of model sensitivity, this means that deformation and temporal variability are more discriminating in terms of elucidating specifics about the constitutive relation and mechanical properties of sea ice on a large scale. For example, inclusion of both compressive and shear stresses is important in attaining a proper probability distribution of deformation relative to observations. Additional analysis shows that adjustments to specific model parameters improve the model results for either drift or select deformation components, but no best solution could be found, given the models examined here. Results suggest that inclusion of more physically based processes, such as subdaily tidal and inertial oscillations; reconsideration of the boundary layer formulation, and consideration of anisotropy, may be necessary to include in next-generation sea ice models, especially those that are intended for coupling with high-resolution (eddy resolving) ocean models. C1 NASA, Univ Space Res Assoc, Oceans & Ice Branch, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. Univ Texas, Inst Geophys, Austin, TX USA. USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Snow & Ice Branch, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Geiger, CA (reprint author), NASA, Univ Space Res Assoc, Oceans & Ice Branch, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 971, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM Cath-leen.A.Geiger.1@gsfc.nasa.gov; sackley@crrel.usace.army.mil NR 22 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD SEP 15 PY 1998 VL 103 IS C10 BP 21893 EP 21913 DI 10.1029/98JC01258 PG 21 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 118WG UT WOS:000075863500040 ER PT J AU Sim, BKL AF Sim, BKL TI Delineation of functional regions on Plasmodium falciparum EBA-175 by antibodies eluted from immune complexes SO MOLECULAR AND BIOCHEMICAL PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Plasmodium falciparum; malaria; erythrocyte binding protein; merozoite; EBA-175; vaccine ID ERYTHROCYTE BINDING ANTIGEN; MEROZOITE INVASION; INFECTED ERYTHROCYTES; SERUM; CONSERVATION; INHIBITION; DISPERSAL; SCHIZONTS; RECEPTOR; SURFACE AB After several infections and drug cure, Aotus spp. monkeys are protected against homologous Plasmodium falciparum challenge. Sera from these monkeys passively transfers protection (Diggs CL, Hines F, Wellde BT. Exp Parasitol 1995;80:291-6). Antibodies in these sera agglutinate merozoites emerging from ruptured schizonts forming immune clusters and thereby presumably prevent merozoite invasion of erythroyctes (Lyon JA, Haynes JD, Diggs CL, Chulay JD, Pratt-Rossiter JM. J Immunol 1986;136:2252-8). It is reasoned that antibodies eluted from the immune clusters of merozoites must recognize exposed epitopes with functional relevance to the survival of the live, invasive merozoites. The erythrocyte binding protein, EBA-175 was used as a model to study this hypothesis. We expressed and purified nine overlapping fragments of EBA-175 as recombinant proteins and probed them in immunoblots with antibodies eluted from the immune clusters. Only the two regions of EBA-175 previously shown to be functionally relevant were recognized by the eluted antibodies. One was region II which includes the erythrocyte binding domain of this parasite ligand which binds to its receptor glycophorin A. The other was the region containing EBA-peptide 4, antibodies to which block binding of EBA-175 to erythrocytes and inhibit invasion of merozoites into erythrocytes. Immunization of mice with the region II recombinant protein induced antibodies that recognize merozoites in immunofluorescence assays, identified a 175 kDa band on unreduced immunoblots, blocked binding of EBA-175 to erythrocytes and inhibited merozoite invasion of erythrocytes. These findings corroborate the importance of EBA-175 region II and EBA-peptide 4, and suggest that antibodies eluted from immune clusters can be used to identify protective epitopes exposed on invasive merozoites from other P. falciparum proteins. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 EntreMed, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, Washington, DC 20015 USA. RP Sim, BKL (reprint author), EntreMed, 9610 Med Ctr Dr, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. NR 25 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-6851 J9 MOL BIOCHEM PARASIT JI Mol. Biochem. Parasitol. PD SEP 15 PY 1998 VL 95 IS 2 BP 183 EP 192 DI 10.1016/S0166-6851(98)00078-4 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Parasitology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Parasitology GA 131AW UT WOS:000076554400002 PM 9803411 ER PT J AU Aldous, WK Martin, RK Kyle, DE AF Aldous, WK Martin, RK Kyle, DE TI Stage specific detection and inhibition studies of Plasmodium falciparum telomerase SO MOLECULAR AND BIOCHEMICAL PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Plasmodium falciparum; malaria; telomerase; drug resistance ID SUBTELOMERIC REGIONS; VAR GENES; CHROMOSOMES C1 Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Aldous, WK (reprint author), Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. EM cpt_wade_aldous@smtplink.mamc.amedd.army.mil NR 21 TC 8 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-6851 J9 MOL BIOCHEM PARASIT JI Mol. Biochem. Parasitol. PD SEP 15 PY 1998 VL 95 IS 2 BP 281 EP 285 DI 10.1016/S0166-6851(98)00111-X PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Parasitology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Parasitology GA 131AW UT WOS:000076554400010 PM 9803419 ER PT J AU Holler, S Pan, YL Chang, RK Bottiger, JR Hill, SC Hillis, DB AF Holler, S Pan, YL Chang, RK Bottiger, JR Hill, SC Hillis, DB TI Two-dimensional angular optical scattering for the characterization of airborne microparticles SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LIGHT-SCATTERING; PARTICLES AB Two-dimensional angular optical scattering (TAOS) is recorded for several particle shapes and configurations. A lens is used to collect a large solid angle of the light and transform the angular profile into a planar distribution according to the Abbe sine condition. Qualitative agreement is found between experiment and theory for the TAGS from spheroids having the same aspect ratio but different sizes. A distinctive irregular island structure is observed in the TAGS from clusters of Bacillus subtilis spores and polystyrene latex spheres. The density per solid angle of these islands is found to increase with cluster diameter. (C) 1998 Optical Society of America. C1 Yale Univ, Dept Appl Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. USA, Edgewood Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Holler, S (reprint author), Yale Univ, Dept Appl Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. NR 9 TC 79 Z9 79 U1 2 U2 20 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD SEP 15 PY 1998 VL 23 IS 18 BP 1489 EP 1491 DI 10.1364/OL.23.001489 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 119TR UT WOS:000075913900025 PM 18091826 ER PT J AU Forsythe, EW Morton, DC Tang, CW Gao, YL AF Forsythe, EW Morton, DC Tang, CW Gao, YL TI Trap states of tris-8-(hydroxyquinoline) aluminum and naphthyl-substituted benzidine derivative using thermally stimulated luminescence SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ELECTROLUMINESCENCE; DEVICES; DIODES AB The bulk trap state properties of a naphthyl-substituted benzidine derivative (NPB) and tris-8-(hydroxyquinoline) aluminum (Alq(3)) have been measured using thermally stimulated luminescence (TSL). The TSL spectra for both organic materials show significant trap distributions over the temperature range from 8 to 300 K. Using a general order TSL expression, the four peaks in NPB were modeled with trap states centered from 0.20 to 0.05 eV. Alq(3) has three TSL peaks over the temperature range, with the peak at 156 K modeled as a distribution of trap states from 0.25 to 0.13 eV. For both materials, the trapping mechanism involves a combination of first and second order emission. NPB and Alq(3) have trap states sufficiently deep to influence the carrier transport and recombination process in bilayer organic based light emitting. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. USA, Res Labs, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Eastman Kodak Co, Image Res & Adv Dev, Rochester, NY 14650 USA. Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. RP Forsythe, EW (reprint author), Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. EM forsythe@pas.rochester.edu RI Gao, Yongli/N-8392-2015 OI Gao, Yongli/0000-0001-9765-5246 NR 16 TC 89 Z9 91 U1 2 U2 15 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD SEP 14 PY 1998 VL 73 IS 11 BP 1457 EP 1459 DI 10.1063/1.122173 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 118VK UT WOS:000075861100001 ER PT J AU Joseph, J Aranda, FJ Rao, DVGLN DeCristofano, BS Kimball, BR Nakashima, M AF Joseph, J Aranda, FJ Rao, DVGLN DeCristofano, BS Kimball, BR Nakashima, M TI Optical implementation of the wavelet transform by using a bacteriorhodopsin film as an optically addressed spatial light modulator SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MATCHED-FILTERS; REALIZATION AB An optical system utilizing the photoinduced dichroism in a bacteriorhodopsin film has been demonstrated for the optical implementation of wavelet transforms. The dichroism, induced by the image of a wavelet filter on a bacteriorhodopsin film leads to polarization rotation of the Fourier components of an image. The polarization-rotated Fourier components of an input scene are analyzed with a polarizer to give the wavelet transform components. The dichroism is induced with beams whose profiles are determined by wavelet filters in order to perform the optical wavelet transform. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02125 USA. USA, Natick Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Joseph, J (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02125 USA. RI Rao, Devulapalli/L-8863-2015 NR 24 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD SEP 14 PY 1998 VL 73 IS 11 BP 1484 EP 1486 DI 10.1063/1.122180 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 118VK UT WOS:000075861100010 ER PT J AU Smith, K Menon, P Rolfe, A Welch, M Barrett, T Crittenden, MJ Skelton, H AF Smith, K Menon, P Rolfe, A Welch, M Barrett, T Crittenden, MJ Skelton, H TI Pretreatment with intralesional hyaluronidase prior to excision of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans SO CANCER LETTERS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Novel Aspects in Chemoresistance CY MAR 20, 1998 CL VIENNA, AUSTRIA SP Lainz Hosp, 5th Dept Internal Med Oncol DE pretreatment; intralesional hyaluronidase; dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans ID MOHS MICROGRAPHIC SURGERY; EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX; SURGICAL MARGINS; CD34 EXPRESSION; IMMUNOREACTIVITY; CANCER; TUMORS; CELLS; CHROMOSOME-17; CARCINOMAS AB Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSPs) are an uncommon malignancy that commonly recur, but rarely metastasize. The origin of DFSPs is controversial; however, they stain with the progenitor marker CD34. DFSPs usually show increased stromal mucin, mainly hyaluronic acid (HA). HA increases cellular proliferation, delays differentiation and increases cellular motion. We evaluated the pretreatment of DFSPs with intralesional injections of hyaluronidase (HD) prior to the surgical excision. Five of nine cases of DFSPs were pretreated, with HD. In HD-pretreated cases the margins for excision of the residual tumor were reduced. HD pretreatment also decreased CD34 staining and increased polarizable collagen in the residual tumor. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. USN, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. Lab Corp Amer, Herndon, VA USA. RP Smith, K (reprint author), Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. NR 39 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0304-3835 J9 CANCER LETT JI Cancer Lett. PD SEP 11 PY 1998 VL 131 IS 1 BP 117 EP 126 DI 10.1016/S0304-3835(98)00208-0 PG 10 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 137XM UT WOS:000076942400015 PM 9839627 ER PT J AU Schmidt, JJ Stafford, RG Bostian, KA AF Schmidt, JJ Stafford, RG Bostian, KA TI Type A botulinum neurotoxin proteolytic activity: development of competitive inhibitors and implications for substrate specificity at the S-1 ' binding subsite SO FEBS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE botulinum neurotoxin; inhibitor; protease ID TETANUS TOXIN; IDENTIFICATION; PROTEIN; SNAP-25; FAMILY AB Type A botulinum neurotoxin (botox A) is a zinc metalloprotease that cleaves only one peptide bond in the synaptosomal protein, SNAP-25. Single-residue changes in a 17-residue substrate peptide mere used to develop the first specific, competitive inhibitors of its proteolytic activity. Substrate analog peptides with P-4, P-3, P-2' or P-3' cysteine were readily hydrolyzed by the toxin, but those with P-1 or P-2 cysteine mere not cleaved and mere inhibitors. Peptides with either D- or L-cysteine as the N-terminus, followed by the last six residues of the substrate, mere the most effective inhibitors, each with a Ki value of 2 mu M. Elimination of the cysteine sulfhydryl group yielded much less effective inhibitors, suggesting that inhibition was primarily due to binding of the active-site zinc by the sulfhydryl group. Botox A displayed an unusual requirement for arginine as the P-1' inhibitor residue, demonstrating that the S-1' binding subsite of botox A is dissimilar to those of most other zinc metalloproteases. This characteristic is an important element in shaping the substrate specificity of botox A. (C) 1998 Federation of European Biochemical Societies. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Toxicol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Schmidt, JJ (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Toxicol, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM dr._James_Schmidt_at_usamriid5_ftdetrck@ftdetrck-ccmail.army.mil NR 20 TC 75 Z9 77 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-5793 J9 FEBS LETT JI FEBS Lett. PD SEP 11 PY 1998 VL 435 IS 1 BP 61 EP 64 DI 10.1016/S0014-5793(98)01041-2 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA 122AR UT WOS:000076048700013 PM 9755859 ER PT J AU Ferrer-Montiel, AV Gutierrez, LM Apland, JP Canaves, JM Gil, A Viniegra, S Biser, JA Adler, M Montal, M AF Ferrer-Montiel, AV Gutierrez, LM Apland, JP Canaves, JM Gil, A Viniegra, S Biser, JA Adler, M Montal, M TI The 26-mer peptide released from SNAP-25 cleavage by botulinum neurotoxin E inhibits vesicle docking SO FEBS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE SNARE hypothesis; neurosecretion; exocytosis; synaptic transmission; protein-protein interaction ID ADRENAL CHROMAFFIN CELLS; NEUROTRANSMITTER RELEASE; TERMINAL DOMAIN; PROTEIN; EXOCYTOSIS; SECRETION; CA2+; SYNAPTOTAGMIN; TETANUS; FUSION AB Botulinum neurotoxin E (BoNT E) cleaves SNAP-25 at the C-terminal domain releasing a 26-mer peptide. This peptide product may act as an excitation-secretion uncoupling peptide (ESUP) to inhibit vesicle fusion and thus contribute to the efficacy of BoNT E in disabling neurosecretion, We have addressed this question using a synthetic 26-mer peptide which mimics the amino acid sequence of the naturally released peptide, and is hereafter denoted as ESUP E, This synthetic peptide is a potent inhibitor of Ca2+-evoked exocytosis in permeabilized chromaffin cells and reduces neurotransmitter release from identified cholinergic synapses in in vitro buccal ganglia of Aplysia californica. In chromaffin cells, both ESUP E and BoNT E abrogate the slow component of secretion without affecting the fast, Ca2+-mediated fusion event, Analysis of immunoprecipitates of the synaptic ternary complex involving SNAP-25, VAMP and syntaxin demonstrates that ESUP E interferes with the assembly of the docking complex, Thus, the efficacy of BoNTs as inhibitors of neurosecretion may arise from the synergistic action of cleaving the substrate and releasing peptide products that disable the fusion process by blocking specific steps of the exocytotic cascade, (C) 1998 Federation of European Biochemical Societies. C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Biol, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Miguel Hernandez, Inst Neurociencias, Dept Neuroquim, San Juan, Spain. Univ Miguel Hernandez, Fac Med, San Juan, Spain. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Neurotoxicol Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Montal, M (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Biol, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RI Viniegra, Salvador/K-5063-2014; Gutierrez, Luis /K-8633-2014; Ferrer-Montiel, Antonio/C-3072-2015 OI Viniegra, Salvador/0000-0002-3892-8563; Gutierrez, Luis /0000-0002-0512-7858; Ferrer-Montiel, Antonio/0000-0002-2973-6607 NR 28 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-5793 J9 FEBS LETT JI FEBS Lett. PD SEP 11 PY 1998 VL 435 IS 1 BP 84 EP 88 DI 10.1016/S0014-5793(98)01012-6 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA 122AR UT WOS:000076048700018 PM 9755864 ER PT J AU Haroldsen, DJ Meiron, DI AF Haroldsen, DJ Meiron, DI TI Numerical calculation of three-dimensional interfacial potential flows using the point vortex method SO SIAM JOURNAL ON SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE point vortex method; vortex sheet; interfacial potential flows ID EULER EQUATIONS; CONVERGENCE AB An application of the point vortex method to the singular Biot-Savart integrals used in water wave calculations is presented. The error for this approximation is shown to be a series in odd powers of h. A method for calculating the coefficients in the series is presented. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Math Sci, W Point, NY 10996 USA. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP Haroldsen, DJ (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Math Sci, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 13 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA SN 1064-8275 J9 SIAM J SCI COMPUT JI SIAM J. Sci. Comput. PD SEP 11 PY 1998 VL 20 IS 2 BP 648 EP 683 DI 10.1137/S1064827596302060 PG 36 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA 118QW UT WOS:000075852300006 ER PT J AU Li, ST Petzold, L Ren, YH AF Li, ST Petzold, L Ren, YH TI Stability of moving mesh systems of partial differential equations SO SIAM JOURNAL ON SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE moving mesh; equidistributing mesh; stability ID FINITE-ELEMENT EQUATIONS; EQUIDISTRIBUTION; REFINEMENT AB Moving mesh methods based on the equidistribution principle (EP) are studied from the viewpoint of stability of the moving mesh system of differential equations. For fine spatial grids, the moving mesh system inherits the stability of the original discretized partial differential equation (PDE). Unfortunately, for some PDEs the moving mesh methods require so many spatial grid points that they no longer appear to be practical. Failures and successes of the moving mesh method applied to three reaction-diffusion problems are explained via an analysis of the stability and accuracy of the moving mesh PDE. C1 Univ Minnesota, Dept Comp Sci, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Univ Minnesota, Army High Performance Comp Res Ctr, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Fujitsu Parallel Comp Res Ctr, London SW7 2BZ, England. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM shenli@snipe.lanl.gov; pet-zold@engineering.ucsb.edu; yr@doc.ic.ac.uk NR 38 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 2 PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA SN 1064-8275 EI 1095-7197 J9 SIAM J SCI COMPUT JI SIAM J. Sci. Comput. PD SEP 11 PY 1998 VL 20 IS 2 BP 719 EP 738 DI 10.1137/S1064827596302011 PG 20 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA 118QW UT WOS:000075852300009 ER PT J AU Gaydos, CA Howell, MR Pare, B Clark, KL Ellis, DA Hendrix, RM Gaydos, JC McKee, KT Quinn, TC AF Gaydos, CA Howell, MR Pare, B Clark, KL Ellis, DA Hendrix, RM Gaydos, JC McKee, KT Quinn, TC TI Chlamydia trachomatis infections in female military recruits SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID LIGASE CHAIN-REACTION; PELVIC INFLAMMATORY DISEASE; FIRST-VOID URINE; REACTION ASSAY; UNITED-STATES; WOMEN; DIAGNOSIS; PREVALENCE; ADOLESCENTS; RISK AB Background. Asymptomaticgenital Chlamydia trachomatis infections in women can lead to pelvic inflammatory disease, infertility, and ectopic pregnancy. To design a chlamydia-control program, we conducted a large survey of women in the U.S. military. Methods From January 1996 through December 1997, urine samples from 13,204 new female U.S. Army recruits from 50 states were screened by ligase chain reaction for C. trachomatis infection. Information on potential risk factors was obtained by questionnaire. With multivariate analysis, we identified criteria for a screening program. Results The overall prevalence of chlamydial infection was 9.2 percent, with a peak of 12.2 percent among the 17-year-old recruits. The prevalence was 15 percent or more among the recruits from five southern states. The following risk factors were independently associated with chlamydial infection: having ever had vaginal sex (odds ratio for infection, 5.9), being 25 years of age or less (odds ratio, 3.0), being black (odds ratio, 3.4), having had more than one sex partner in the previous 90 days (odds ratio, 1.4), having had a new partner in the previous 90 days (odds ratio, 1.3), having had a partner in the previous 90 days who did not always use condoms (odds ratio, 1.4), and having ever had a sexually transmitted disease (odds ratio, 1.2). A screening program for subjects 25 years of age or less (87.9 per cent of our sample) would have identified 95.3 percent of the infected women. Conclusions. Among female military recruits, the prevalence of chlamydial infection is high. A control program that screens female recruits who are 25 years old or younger with urine DNA-amplification assays has the potential to reduce infection, transmission, and the sequelae of chlamydial infection. (N Engl J Med 1998;339:739-44.) (C) 1998, Massachusetts Medical Society. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. USA, Med Dept Act, Ft Jackson, SC USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD USA. Womack Army Med Ctr, Ft Bragg, NC USA. NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Gaydos, CA (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, 720 Rutland Ave,1159 Ross Res Bldg, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. RI Gaydos, Charlotte/E-9937-2010; Quinn, Thomas/A-2494-2010 NR 38 TC 179 Z9 183 U1 1 U2 3 PU MASS MEDICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 10 SHATTUCK, BOSTON, MA 02115 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD SEP 10 PY 1998 VL 339 IS 11 BP 739 EP 744 DI 10.1056/NEJM199809103391105 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 116RF UT WOS:000075737800005 PM 9731090 ER PT J AU Nagy, G Levy, M Scarmozzino, R Osgood, RM Dai, H Smalley, RE Michaels, CA Sevy, ET Flynn, GW McLane, GF AF Nagy, G Levy, M Scarmozzino, R Osgood, RM Dai, H Smalley, RE Michaels, CA Sevy, ET Flynn, GW McLane, GF TI Carbon nanotube tipped atomic force microscopy for measurement of < 100 nm etch morphology on semiconductors (vol 73, pg 529, 1998) SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Correction C1 Columbia Univ, Microelect Sci Labs, New York, NY 10027 USA. Rice Univ, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Houston, TX 77251 USA. Columbia Univ, Dept Chem, New York, NY 10027 USA. USA, Res Lab, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Nagy, G (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Microelect Sci Labs, New York, NY 10027 USA. NR 1 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD SEP 7 PY 1998 VL 73 IS 10 BP 1448 EP 1448 DI 10.1063/1.122171 PG 1 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 117MU UT WOS:000075786000047 ER PT J AU Tsai, TF Popovici, F Cernescu, C Campbell, GL Nedelcu, NI Laurentia, V Spantulescu, L Chitu, V Ruta, S Tardei, G Craciun, D Nicolaiciuc, D Pitigoi, D Ceianu, C Nicolescu, G Ungureanu, A Vladimirescu, LA Deubel, V LeGuenno, B Han, L Savage, H Tengelsen, L Tengelsen, EA Knauert, F Mangiafico, JA Rossi, C AF Tsai, TF Popovici, F Cernescu, C Campbell, GL Nedelcu, NI Laurentia, V Spantulescu, L Chitu, V Ruta, S Tardei, G Craciun, D Nicolaiciuc, D Pitigoi, D Ceianu, C Nicolescu, G Ungureanu, A Vladimirescu, LA Deubel, V LeGuenno, B Han, L Savage, H Tengelsen, L Tengelsen, EA Knauert, F Mangiafico, JA Rossi, C CA Investigative Team TI West Nile encephalitis epidemic in southeastern Romania SO LANCET LA English DT Article ID VIRUSES AB Background West Nile fever (WNF) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus infection endemic in Africa and Asia. In 1996, the first major WNF epidemic in Europe occurred in Romania, with a high rate of neurological infections. We investigated the epidemic to characterise transmission patterns in this novel setting and to determine its origin. Methods Hospital-based surveillance identified patients admitted with acute aseptic meningitis and encephalitis in 40 Romanian districts, including Bucharest. Infection was confirmed with IgM capture and indirect IgG ELISAs. In October, 1996, we surveyed outpatients in Bucharest and seven other districts to estimate seroprevalence and to detect infected patients not admitted to hospital. We also measured the rates of infection and seropositivity in mosquitoes and birds, respectively. Results Between July 15 and Oct 12, we identified 393 patients with serologically confirmed or probable WNF infection, of whom 352 had acute central-nervous-system infections. 17 patients older than 50 years died. Fatality/case ratio and disease incidence increased with age. The outbreak was confined to 14 districts In the lower Danube valley and Bucharest (attack rate 12.4/100 000 people) with a seroprevalence of 4.1%. The number of mild cases could not be estimated. WN virus was recovered from Culex pipiens mosquitoes, the most likely vector, and antibodies to WN virus were found in 41% of domestic fowl. Interpretation The epidemic in Bucharest reflected increased regional WNF transmission in 1996. Epidemics of Cx pipiens-borne WNF could occur in other European cities with conditions conducive to transmission. C1 Ctr Dis Control, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. Bucharest Prevent Med Ctr, Bucharest, Romania. Inst Virol, Bucharest, Romania. Minist Hlth, Bucharest, Romania. Cantacuzino Inst, Bucharest, Romania. Ctr Natl Reference Fievres Hemorrag & Arbovirus, Paris, France. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ft Collins, CO USA. US Army Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Fort Detrick, MD USA. RP Tsai, TF (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. NR 31 TC 429 Z9 457 U1 0 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0140-6736 EI 1474-547X J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD SEP 5 PY 1998 VL 352 IS 9130 BP 767 EP 771 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(98)03538-7 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 117CH UT WOS:000075762700010 PM 9737281 ER PT J AU Lin, Y Fossom, LH Skolnick, P Long, JB AF Lin, Y Fossom, LH Skolnick, P Long, JB TI Sustained exposure to a glycine receptor partial agonist differentially alters NMDA receptor agonist and antagonist potencies in cultured spinal cord neurons SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ACPC (l-aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid); neuroprotection; excitotoxicity; NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate); neuronal injury; glycine; excitatory amino acid ID 1-AMINOCYCLOPROPANECARBOXYLIC ACID PROTECTS; CEREBRAL-ISCHEMIA; COMPLEX; GLUTAMATE; TOXICITY; SITE; RAT AB Sustained (20 h) exposure to the glycine partial agonist 1-aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid (ACPC) significantly reduced N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-induced neurotoxicity in cultured spinal cord neurons when the NMDA (25 and 100 mu M) was added to the cultures 30 min after removal of the ACPC (1 mM). In contrast, ACPC preexposure failed to protect against kainate-induced neuronal injury. The magnitude of neuronal protection against NMDA (100 mu M) was further enhanced if the neurons pretreated with ACPC were reexposed to this drug during the NMDA challenge. In addition, the potencies of both the competitive NMDA antagonist AP5 and the noncompetitive antagonist dizocilpine to block NMDA toxicity were significantly increased following ACPC preexposure, while the potency of the competitive glycine receptor antagonist 7-chlorokynurenate (7-CK) was unchanged. Analysis of Northern blots suggest that ACPC-induced changes in NMDA receptor function were not associated with alterations in the levels of the mRNAs encoding the NMDAR-1, -2A, -2B, or -2C subunits. These results indicate that sustained exposure to ACPC modifies NMDA receptors in a manner that diminishes NMDA receptor-mediated neurotoxicity while selectively enhancing the potencies of several NMDA receptor antagonists. These effects do not appear to be related to changes in expression of specific NMDA receptor subunits, and may instead involve a post-translational modification of one or more subunit proteins. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NIDDKD, Neurosci Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Long, JB (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 20 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2999 J9 EUR J PHARMACOL JI Eur. J. Pharmacol. PD SEP 4 PY 1998 VL 356 IS 2-3 BP 255 EP 260 DI 10.1016/S0014-2999(98)00515-9 PG 6 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 122HF UT WOS:000076065500020 PM 9774257 ER PT J AU Wright, MJ Candler, GV Bose, D AF Wright, MJ Candler, GV Bose, D TI Data-parallel line relaxation method for the Navier-Stokes equations SO AIAA JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB The Gauss-Seidel line relaxation method is modified for the simulation of viscous flows on massively parallel computers. The resulting data-parallel line relaxation method is shown to have good convergence properties for a series of test cases. The new method requires significantly more memory than the previously developed data-parallel relaxation methods, but it reaches a steady-state solution in much less time for all cases tested to date. In addition, the data-parallel line relaxation method shows good convergence properties even on the high-cell-aspect-ratio grids required to simulate high-Reynolds-number hows, The new method is implemented using message passing on the Gray T3E, and the parallel performance of the method on this machine is discussed. The data-parallel line relaxation method combines the fast convergence of the Gauss-Seidel line relaxation method with a high parallel efficiency and thus shows promise for large-scale simulation of viscous flows. C1 Univ Minnesota, Dept Aerosp Engn & Mech, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Univ Minnesota, Army High Performance Comp Res Ctr, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Wright, MJ (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Thermosci Inst, Mail Stop 230-3, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. NR 14 TC 131 Z9 134 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0001-1452 J9 AIAA J JI AIAA J. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 36 IS 9 BP 1603 EP 1609 DI 10.2514/2.586 PG 7 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 114QM UT WOS:000075620400007 ER PT J AU Adams, BD Browne, WT AF Adams, BD Browne, WT TI Amlodipine overdose causes prolonged calcium channel blocker toxicity SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the Georgia Chapter of the American-College-of-Physicians-Associates CY MAY 03, 1997 CL STONE MT, GEORGIA SP Amer Coll Physicians Assoc DE amlodipine; calcium channel blockers; overdose; Swan-Ganz catheterization; glucagon; calcium; lactic acidosis AB Amlodipine is a relatively new agent that has the longest half-life of all calcium channel blockers. This report describes a severe overdose that resulted in prolonged and severe hemodynamic compromise for up to 10 days, but responded to aggressive therapy with calcium, glucagon, and other vasoactive medicines. This is a US government work. There are no restrictions on its use. C1 Dwight D Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. RP Adams, BD (reprint author), Dwight D Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. NR 11 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 3 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0735-6757 J9 AM J EMERG MED JI Am. J. Emerg. Med. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 16 IS 5 BP 527 EP 528 DI 10.1016/S0735-6757(98)90011-0 PG 2 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 112LW UT WOS:000075497000012 PM 9725975 ER PT J AU Tullio, C Goode, DL Ostrosky, JD AF Tullio, C Goode, DL Ostrosky, JD TI Identifying ambulatory care patients with coronary heart disease who need cholesterol management SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH-SYSTEM PHARMACY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA, Serv Pharm, McDonald Army Community Hosp, Newport News, VA 23604 USA. Pfizer Inc, New York, NY 10017 USA. RP Tullio, C (reprint author), USA, Serv Pharm, McDonald Army Community Hosp, Bldg 576,Jefferson Ave,Ft Eustis, Newport News, VA 23604 USA. NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEALTH-SYSTEM PHARMACISTS PI BETHESDA PA 7272 WISCONSIN AVE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 1079-2082 J9 AM J HEALTH-SYST PH JI Am. J. Health-Syst. Pharm. PD SEP 1 PY 1998 VL 55 IS 17 BP 1769 EP 1771 PG 3 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 118FW UT WOS:000075828600009 PM 9775339 ER PT J AU Cureton, SL AF Cureton, SL TI A significant transverse discrepancy: A case with a high mandibular plane angle, a severe maxillary arch length deficiency, and significant transverse discrepancy SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ORTHODONTICS AND DENTOFACIAL ORTHOPEDICS LA English DT Article AB A case report presented to the American Board of Orthodontics in partial fulfillment of the requirements for certification. C1 Dept Orthodont, Ft Gordon, GA USA. RP Cureton, SL (reprint author), 909 Burlington Dr, Evans, GA 30809 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0889-5406 J9 AM J ORTHOD DENTOFAC JI Am. J. Orthod. Dentofac. Orthop. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 114 IS 3 BP 307 EP 310 DI 10.1016/S0889-5406(98)70213-6 PG 4 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 119GV UT WOS:000075888300010 PM 9743136 ER PT J AU Pritchett, T Kim, JK AF Pritchett, T Kim, JK TI A low-cost apparatus for the production of surface wave patterns in a vertically oscillating fluid SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Phys, W Point, NY 10996 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RP Pritchett, T (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Phys, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0002-9505 J9 AM J PHYS JI Am. J. Phys. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 66 IS 9 BP 830 EP 833 DI 10.1119/1.18967 PG 4 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Education & Educational Research; Physics GA 117HM UT WOS:000075775900018 ER PT J AU Moran, DS Montain, SJ Pandolf, KB AF Moran, DS Montain, SJ Pandolf, KB TI Evaluation of different levels of hydration using a new physiological strain index SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-REGULATORY INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE heart rate; indexes; rectal temperature; esophageal temperature; local sweating ID TEMPERATURE REGULATION; EXERCISE; HYPOHYDRATION; DEHYDRATION AB A physiological strain index (PSI), based on rectal temperature (T-re) and heart rate (HR), was recently suggested for evaluating heat stress. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the PSI for different combinations of hydration level and exercise intensity. This index was applied to two databases. The first database was obtained from eight endurance-trained men dehydrated to four different levels (1.1, 2.3, 3.4, and 4.2% of body wt) during 120 min of cycling at a power output of 62-67% maximum O-2 consumption ((V) O-2 max) in the heat [33 degrees C and 50% relative humidity (RH)]. The second database was obtained from nine men performing exercise in the heat (30 degrees C and 50% RH) for 50 min. These subjects completed a matrix of nine trials of exercise on a treadmill at three exercise intensities (25, 45, and 65% (V) over dot O-2 max) and three hydration levels (euhydration and hypohydration at 3 and 5% of body wt). T-re, HR, esophageal temperature (T-es), and local sweating rate were measured. PSI (obtained from either T-re or T-es) significantly (P < 0.05) differentiated among all exposures in both databases categorized by exercise intensity and hydration level, and we assessed the strain on a scale ranging from 0 to 10. Therefore, PSI applicability was extended for heat strain associated with hypohydration and continues to provide the potential to be universally accepted. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Chaim Sheba Med Ctr, Israel Def Forces Med Corps, Inst Mil Physiol, Heller Inst Med Res, IL-52621 Tel Hashomer, Israel. RP Moran, DS (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, 42 Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 28 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0363-6119 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-REG I JI Am. J. Physiol.-Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 275 IS 3 BP R854 EP R860 PG 7 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA 117VC UT WOS:000075802500027 PM 9728084 ER PT J AU Doughty, RA AF Doughty, RA TI Imagining war: French and British military doctrine between the wars. SO AMERICAN POLITICAL SCIENCE REVIEW LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Doughty, RA (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER POLITICAL SCIENCE ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1527 NEW HAMPSHIRE N W, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-0554 J9 AM POLIT SCI REV JI Am. Polit. Sci. Rev. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 92 IS 3 BP 750 EP 750 DI 10.2307/2585561 PG 1 WC Political Science SC Government & Law GA 113CU UT WOS:000075532800093 ER PT J AU North, JH Foley, AM Hamill, RL AF North, JH Foley, AM Hamill, RL TI Intrathyroid cysts of thyroglossal duct origin SO AMERICAN SURGEON LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 66th Annual Scientific Meeting and Postgraduate Course Program of the Southeastern-Surgical-Congress CY JAN 31-FEB 04, 1998 CL ATLANTA, GEORGIA SP SE Surg Congress ID CHILDHOOD AB Thyroglossal duet cysts develop from a persistent portion of the thyroglossal tract and have been described as occurring anywhere from the base of the tongue to the manubrium. We present two patients who presented with a cystic thyroid nodule due to an intrathyroid thyroglossal duct cyst. A fine-needle aspiration biopsy was performed, which revealed benign squamous cells. Upon exploration, the first patient was found to have a 2-cm cyst within the thyroid isthmus, and in the second patient, a l-cm cyst was found in the right thyroid lobe. Pathologic analysis revealed the cyst to be lined by a squamous epithelium consistent with a thyroglossal duct cyst. The lesions were completely surrounded by normal thyroid tissue. There was no evidence of a remnant of the thyroglossal duct extending from the thyroid in the region of the cyst. Both patients were treated by thyroid lobectomy and isthmusectomy and have remained without evidence of recurrence. Intrathyroid thyroglossal duct cysts should be included in the differential of patients with cystic thyroid lesions. Fine-needle aspiration revealing benign squamous cells is usually diagnostic and may detect an occult carcinoma arising within the cyst. Surgical resection is curative and should include a Sistrunk procedure if a thyroglossal duct tract is present. C1 Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg & Pathol, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. RP North, JH (reprint author), Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. NR 11 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOUTHEASTERN SURGICAL CONGRESS PI ATLANTA PA 141 WEST WIEUCA RD, STE B100, ATLANTA, GA 30342 USA SN 0003-1348 J9 AM SURGEON JI Am. Surg. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 64 IS 9 BP 886 EP 888 PG 3 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 114RN UT WOS:000075622800022 PM 9731820 ER PT J AU Nassar, AEF Lucas, SV Myler, CA Jones, WR Campisano, M Hoffland, LD AF Nassar, AEF Lucas, SV Myler, CA Jones, WR Campisano, M Hoffland, LD TI Quantitative analysis of chemical warfare agent degradation products in reaction masses using capillary electrophoresis SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ALKYL METHYLPHOSPHONIC ACIDS; FLAME PHOTOMETRIC DETECTION; ALKYLPHOSPHONIC ACIDS; UV DETECTION; CHROMATOGRAPHIC SEPARATION; VALIDATION; DERIVATIVES; SAMPLES AB Quantitative methods have been developed for the analysis of chemical warfare agent degradation products in reaction masses using capillary electrophoresis (CE), This is the first report of a systematic validation of a CE-based method for the analysis of chemical warfare agent degradation products in agent neutralization matrixes (reaction masses). After neutralization with monoethanolamine/water, the nerve agent GB (isopropyl methylphosphonofluoridate, Sarin) gives isopropyl methylphosphonic acid (IMPA) and O-isopropyl O'-(2-amino)ethyl methylphosphonate (GB-MEA adduct). The nerve agent GD (pinacolyl methylphosphonofluoridate, Soman), [pinacolyl= 2-(3,3-dimethyl)butyl] produces pinacolyl methylphosphonic acid (PMPA) and O-pinacolyl O'-(2-amino)ethyl methylphosphonate (GD-MEA adduct), The samples were prepared by dilution of the reaction masses with deionized water before analysis by CE/indirect UV detection or CE/conductivity detection. Migration time precision was less than 4.0% RSD for IMPA and 5.0% RSD for PMPA on a day-to-day basis. The detection limit for both IMPA and PMPA is 100 mu g/L; the quantitation limit for both is 500 mu g/L. For calibration standards, IMPA and PMPA gave a linear response (R-2 = 0.9999) over the range 0.5-100 mu g/mL. The interday precision RSDs were 1.9, 1.0, and 0.7% for IMPA at 7.5, 37.5 and 75.0 mu g/mL, respectively, Corresponding values for PMPA (again, RSD) were 2.9, 1.1, and 1.0% at 7.5, 37.5 and 87.5 mu g/mL, respectively, as before. Analysis accuracy was assessed by spiking actual neutralization samples with IMPA or PMPA. For IMPA, the seven spike levels used ranged from 20 to 220% of the IMPA background level, and the incremental change in the found IMPA level ranged from 86 to 99% of the true spiking increment (R2 = 0.9987 for the linear regression). For PMPA, the five spike levels ranged from 10 to 150% of the matrix background level, and similarly, the accuracy obtained ranged from 95 to 97% of the true incremental value (R-2 = 0.9999 for the linear regression). C1 Battelle Mem Inst, Bel Air, MD 21015 USA. Thermo BioAnal Corp, Franklin, MA 02038 USA. USA, Mat Command Treaty Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Nassar, AEF (reprint author), Battelle Mem Inst, 2012 Tollgate Rd, Bel Air, MD 21015 USA. NR 49 TC 44 Z9 45 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD SEP 1 PY 1998 VL 70 IS 17 BP 3598 EP 3604 DI 10.1021/ac9713870 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 115RX UT WOS:000075680000019 PM 9737210 ER PT J AU Holbrooks, HR Koehler, DC Sayson, SC Walker, SC AF Holbrooks, HR Koehler, DC Sayson, SC Walker, SC TI Hematocrit measurement during CPB: i-STAT portable clinical analyzer compared with standard laboratory measurement device. SO ANESTHESIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Anesthesia Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Operat Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0003-3022 J9 ANESTHESIOLOGY JI Anesthesiology PD SEP PY 1998 VL 89 IS 3A SU S MA A959 BP U834 EP U834 PG 1 WC Anesthesiology SC Anesthesiology GA 117YR UT WOS:000075810900953 ER PT J AU Mendoza, SV Koehler, DC Sayson, SC AF Mendoza, SV Koehler, DC Sayson, SC TI Hematocrit measurement post cardiopulmonary bypass: i-STAT portable clinical analyzer compared with a standard laboratory measurement device SO ANESTHESIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Anesthesia Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Operat Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0003-3022 J9 ANESTHESIOLOGY JI Anesthesiology PD SEP PY 1998 VL 89 IS 3A SU S MA A960 BP U834 EP U834 PG 1 WC Anesthesiology SC Anesthesiology GA 117YR UT WOS:000075810900954 ER PT J AU Mongan, P Fontana, J Bunger, R AF Mongan, P Fontana, J Bunger, R TI Pyruvate delays cerebral dysfunction and cardiovascular collapse during lethal hemorrhagic shock. SO ANESTHESIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Anesthesia & Operat Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Anesthesia, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0003-3022 J9 ANESTHESIOLOGY JI Anesthesiology PD SEP PY 1998 VL 89 IS 3A SU S MA A438 BP U359 EP U359 PG 1 WC Anesthesiology SC Anesthesiology GA 117YR UT WOS:000075810900438 ER PT J AU Musser, J Fontana, J Mongan, P AF Musser, J Fontana, J Mongan, P TI Intravenous halothane in a lipid carrier: Hemodynamic effects and toxicity. SO ANESTHESIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Anesthesia, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Anesthesia & Operat Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0003-3022 J9 ANESTHESIOLOGY JI Anesthesiology PD SEP PY 1998 VL 89 IS 3A SU S MA A154 BP U205 EP U205 PG 1 WC Anesthesiology SC Anesthesiology GA 117YR UT WOS:000075810900155 ER PT J AU Sayson, SC Koehler, DC Mendoza, SV AF Sayson, SC Koehler, DC Mendoza, SV TI Comparison of hematocrit analysis in volume resuscitated patients using the i-STAT system and the Cell-Dyn 3500 complete blood count analyzer SO ANESTHESIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Anesthesia Serv, Dept Surg, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Operat Serv, Dept Surg, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0003-3022 J9 ANESTHESIOLOGY JI Anesthesiology PD SEP PY 1998 VL 89 IS 3A SU S MA A958 BP U833 EP U833 PG 1 WC Anesthesiology SC Anesthesiology GA 117YR UT WOS:000075810900952 ER PT J AU Schiffer, D Fontana, J Mongan, P AF Schiffer, D Fontana, J Mongan, P TI High volume plateletpheresis reduces transfusions and related costs in primary cardiopulmonary bypass surgery. SO ANESTHESIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Anesthesia & Operat Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Anesthesia, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0003-3022 J9 ANESTHESIOLOGY JI Anesthesiology PD SEP PY 1998 VL 89 IS 3A SU S MA A214 BP U243 EP U243 PG 1 WC Anesthesiology SC Anesthesiology GA 117YR UT WOS:000075810900215 ER PT J AU Storch, TD Nguyen, JD Roholt, RL Startzell, JM Walker, SC AF Storch, TD Nguyen, JD Roholt, RL Startzell, JM Walker, SC TI Addition of nitrous oxide does not increase emetic sequelae in sevoflurane anesthetized oral surgery patients SO ANESTHESIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Anesthesia, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Oral Surg, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0003-3022 J9 ANESTHESIOLOGY JI Anesthesiology PD SEP PY 1998 VL 89 IS 3A SU S MA A5 BP U115 EP U115 PG 1 WC Anesthesiology SC Anesthesiology GA 117YR UT WOS:000075810900006 ER PT J AU Weesner, K Walker, SC Shepherd, JM Patel, R AF Weesner, K Walker, SC Shepherd, JM Patel, R TI Intraoperative reflectance pulseoximetry on the buccal surface of the cheek for difficult to monitor burn patients SO ANESTHESIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78236 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0003-3022 J9 ANESTHESIOLOGY JI Anesthesiology PD SEP PY 1998 VL 89 IS 3A SU S MA A399 BP U340 EP U340 PG 1 WC Anesthesiology SC Anesthesiology GA 117YR UT WOS:000075810900399 ER PT J AU Miner, TJ Shriver, CD Chang, A AF Miner, TJ Shriver, CD Chang, A TI Ultrasonography in sentinel lymph node biopsy - Authors' reply SO ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Biostat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Miner, TJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1068-9265 J9 ANN SURG ONCOL JI Ann. Surg. Oncol. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 5 IS 6 BP 561 EP 562 DI 10.1007/BF02303653 PG 2 WC Oncology; Surgery SC Oncology; Surgery GA 118WD UT WOS:000075863000016 ER PT J AU Accashian, JV Vinopal, RT Kim, BJ Smets, BF AF Accashian, JV Vinopal, RT Kim, BJ Smets, BF TI Aerobic growth on nitroglycerin as the sole carbon, nitrogen, and energy source by a mixed bacterial culture SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PHANEROCHAETE-CHRYSOSPORIUM; GLYCERYL TRINITRATE; PENTAERYTHRITOL TETRANITRATE; AGROBACTERIUM-RADIOBACTER; NITRATE ESTERS; BIODEGRADATION; METABOLISM; BIOCONVERSION; DEGRADATION; DENITRATION AB Nitroglycerin (glycerol trinitrate [GTN]), an explosive and vasodilatory compound, was metabolized by mixed microbial cultures from aeration tank sludge previously exposed to GTN, Aerobic enrichment cultures removed GTN rapidly in the absence of a supplemental carbon source. Complete denitration of GTN, provided as the sole C and N source, was observed in aerobic batch cultures and proceeded stepwise via the dinitrate and mononitrate isomers, with successive steps occurring at lower rates. The denitration of all glycerol nitrate esters was found to be concomitant, and 1,2-glycerol dinitrate (1,2-GDN) and 2-glycerol mononitrate (2-GMN) were the primary GDN and GMN isomers observed. Denitration of GTN resulted in release of primarily nitrite-N, indicating a reductive denitration mechanism. Biomass growth at the expense of GTN was verified by optical density and plate count measurements. The kinetics of GTN biotransformation were 10-fold faster than reported for complete GTN denitration under anaerobic conditions. A maximum specific growth rate of 0.048 +/- 0.005 h(-1) (mean +/- standard deviation) was estimated for the mixed culture at 25 degrees C, Evidence of GTN toxicity was observed at GTN concentrations above 0.3 mM, To our knowledge, this is the first report of complete denitration of GTN used as a primary growth substrate by a bacterial culture under aerobic conditions. C1 Univ Connecticut, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Environm Engn Program, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. Univ Connecticut, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Microbiol Program, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. USA, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. RP Smets, BF (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Environm Engn Program, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. RI Smets, Barth/A-5076-2014 OI Smets, Barth/0000-0003-4119-6292 NR 24 TC 20 Z9 23 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 64 IS 9 BP 3300 EP 3304 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 119JK UT WOS:000075892200026 PM 9726874 ER PT J AU Kuperman, RG Williams, GP Parmelee, RW AF Kuperman, RG Williams, GP Parmelee, RW TI Spatial variability in the soil foodwebs in a contaminated grassland ecosystem SO APPLIED SOIL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE soil foodwebs; soil invertebrates; microorganisms; heavy metals; spatial analyses ID FAUNA AB Spatial relationships among soil nematodes and soil microorganisms were investigated in a grassland ecosystem at the U.S. Army's Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland. This area was contaminated with a wide range of concentrations of heavy metals. The study quantified microbial biomass, the abundance of soil protozoa and nematode populations. Geostatistical techniques were used to evaluate cross-correlations among biotic and abiotic parameters and to determine spatial distributions of these parameters in soil. The graphical analysis technique displayed a surface in three-dimensional space, the topography of which was generated by an independent variable and the surface colored by a dependent variable. Both the visualization technique and the cross general relative semivariogram showed a negative correlation between the abundance of fungivore nematodes and fungal biomass, the abundance of bacterivore nematodes and bacterial biomass, and between the numbers of protozoa and microbial biomass in less-contaminated portions of the study site. Graphical analyses of the spatial distribution of soil biota showed that relationships among components of the soil foodweb were altered in the highly contaminated area compared to the less-contaminated local background area. This suggests that environmental conditions in the soil of the contaminated areas may have a detrimental effect on trophic interactions in the soil foodweb. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 USA, ERDEC, SCBRD RTL E 5641, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Ohio State Univ, Soil Ecol Lab, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Kuperman, RG (reprint author), USA, ERDEC, SCBRD RTL E 5641, 5232 Fleming Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RI Kuperman, Roman/D-4297-2009; Williams, Gustavious/P-7252-2014 OI Williams, Gustavious/0000-0002-2781-0738 NR 8 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0929-1393 J9 APPL SOIL ECOL JI Appl. Soil Ecol. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 9 IS 1-3 SI SI BP 509 EP 514 DI 10.1016/S0929-1393(98)00113-9 PG 6 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 121VC UT WOS:000076034500079 ER PT J AU Streever, WJ Genders, AJ Cole, MA AF Streever, WJ Genders, AJ Cole, MA TI A closed chamber CO2 flux method for estimating marsh productivity SO AQUATIC BOTANY LA English DT Article DE IRGA; salt marsh; wetlands ID SALT-MARSH; FOREST AB This paper describes a closed-chamber method of rapidly measuring CO2 flux in marshes which, in conjunction with appropriate sampling strategies, can be useful for estimating marsh net productivity, comparing productivity of two or more marshes, or assessing factors that influence productivity. The method relies on placement of an environmental chamber over the marsh followed by no more than 6 min of measurement via an infrared gas analyzer. Three laboratory trials and one field trial were undertaken to assess the method. Laboratory trials included: (1) ensuring that measurements could show a well-defined relationship between CO2 concentration and CO2 flux, (2) regression of CO2 flux measurements against biomass for Sporobolus virginicus (L.) Kunth, and (3) comparison of CO2 flux for three plant species associated with salt marshes to ensure that the method could detect differences among species. The field trial compared pairs of CO2 flux measurements from 14 plots to assess precision. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia. RP Streever, WJ (reprint author), USA, Waterways Expt Stn, CEWES, ER,W, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 16 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3770 J9 AQUAT BOT JI Aquat. Bot. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 62 IS 1 BP 33 EP 44 DI 10.1016/S0304-3770(98)00080-1 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 119JG UT WOS:000075891900003 ER PT J AU West, NY Fitzpatrick, JE David-Bajar, KM Bennion, SD AF West, NY Fitzpatrick, JE David-Bajar, KM Bennion, SD TI Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia-induced bullous dermatosis SO ARCHIVES OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposia on Gross and Microscopic at the Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Dermatology CY FEB 11, 1996 CL WASHINGTON, D.C. SP Amer Acad Dermatol ID CUTANEOUS MACROGLOBULINOSIS; ACQUISITA AB Background: Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia is a plasma cell dyscrasia of undetermined cause characterized by the monoclonal proliferation of lymphoplasmacytes in the bone marrow, lymph nodes, and spleen and elevated circulating levels and tissue deposition of monoclonal IgM produced by these aberrant cells. Rarely, cutaneous manifestations of this disease have been reported. Observations: We report the case of a patient with bullous dermatosis induced by Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia and demonstrate the subepidermal location of the separation and the presence of IgM and kappa light chains by immunoperoxidase, immunofluorescent techniques, and electron microscopy with immunogold staining. Immunoblotting revealed a strong band at the 290-kd area. Conclusions: The demonstration of the separation in the upper dermis at the site of IgM deposits suggests that these deposits may be an etiologic factor in this rare manifestation. C1 USA, Med Act, Serv Dermatol, Heidelberg, Germany. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Denver, CO USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Serv Dermatol, San Antonio, TX USA. USA, Garrison Fitzsinons, Med Clin, Aurora, CO USA. RP West, NY (reprint author), USA, Med Act, Serv Dermatol, Heidelberg, Germany. NR 19 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-987X J9 ARCH DERMATOL JI Arch. Dermatol. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 134 IS 9 BP 1127 EP 1131 DI 10.1001/archderm.134.9.1127 PG 5 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 119ZY UT WOS:000075930200012 PM 9762027 ER PT J AU Priest, RF Beach, J AF Priest, RF Beach, J TI Value changes in four cohorts at the US Military Academy SO ARMED FORCES & SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID WEST-POINT CADETS AB This article deals with values and value changes at three levels: (1) What values do cadets at the U.S. Military Academy (USMA) hold at entrance, and do they hold the same values as other college students? (2) How do USMA cadet values change during their four years at West Point? (3) How consistent is the pattern of change from cohort to cohort? Using the Scott Values Inventory (SVI) and the Army Year of Values Survey (AWS), cadets entering the United States Military Academy were found to have higher scores than students entering a nonmilitary four-year public university. Using the SVI, four cohorts of cadets at the Academy provided repeated measures of their values from entrance to graduation. The pattern of changes in values for all four classes was similar; the similarities of how each class changed were remarkable in view of changes in the curriculum and student body during the seventeen years of this study. Using the AYVS, two cohorts of cadets showed that values recognized as appropriate for Army leaders were high at entrance and remained so over their four years in higher education. C1 US Mil Acad, OPA, Off Policy Planning & Anal, W Point, NY 10996 USA. Dept Behav Sci & Leadership, W Point, NY USA. RP Priest, RF (reprint author), US Mil Acad, OPA, Off Policy Planning & Anal, Bldg 2101, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 29 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU TRANSACTION PERIOD CONSORTIUM PI NEW BRUNSWICK PA DEPT 3091 RUTGERS-THE STATE UNIV OF NJ, NEW BRUNSWICK, NJ 08903 USA SN 0095-327X J9 ARMED FORCES SOC JI Armed Forces Soc. PD FAL PY 1998 VL 25 IS 1 BP 81 EP + DI 10.1177/0095327X9802500105 PG 23 WC Political Science; Sociology SC Government & Law; Sociology GA 146NM UT WOS:000077437200004 ER PT J AU Nagl, JA AF Nagl, JA TI The downsized warrior: America's army in transition. SO ARMED FORCES & SOCIETY LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Social Sci, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Nagl, JA (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Social Sci, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TRANSACTION PERIOD CONSORTIUM PI NEW BRUNSWICK PA DEPT 3091 RUTGERS-THE STATE UNIV OF NJ, NEW BRUNSWICK, NJ 08903 USA SN 0095-327X J9 ARMED FORCES SOC JI Armed Forces Soc. PD FAL PY 1998 VL 25 IS 1 BP 171 EP 174 PG 4 WC Political Science; Sociology SC Government & Law; Sociology GA 146NM UT WOS:000077437200011 ER PT J AU Espinosa-Morales, R Arroyo, RA Older, SA Escalante, A AF Espinosa-Morales, R Arroyo, RA Older, SA Escalante, A TI The reduced rate of hip arthroplasty among Hispanics is not related to socioeconomic factors. SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 41 IS 9 SU S MA 360 BP S92 EP S92 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 125AQ UT WOS:000076215600361 ER PT J AU Espinosa-Morales, R Arroyo, RA Older, SA Escalante, A AF Espinosa-Morales, R Arroyo, RA Older, SA Escalante, A TI Ethnic and socioeconomic factors associated with length of stay following hip or knee replacement surgery for primary joint diseases. SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 41 IS 9 SU S MA 359 BP S92 EP S92 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 125AQ UT WOS:000076215600360 ER PT J AU Murphy, FT Dennis, GJ George, R Kubota, K Fears, M Pope, V Morgan, OS Faghiri, Z Wilson, WA AF Murphy, FT Dennis, GJ George, R Kubota, K Fears, M Pope, V Morgan, OS Faghiri, Z Wilson, WA TI Discordance to cardiolipin and beta 2-glycoprotein-1 antibodies in HTLV-1-associated tropical spastic paraparesis. SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Louisiana State Univ, Sch Med, New Orleans, LA USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 41 IS 9 SU S MA 1655 BP S308 EP S308 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 125AQ UT WOS:000076215601654 ER PT J AU Murphy, FT Shorr, AF Gilliland, WR Shapeero, LG Dennis, GJ AF Murphy, FT Shorr, AF Gilliland, WR Shapeero, LG Dennis, GJ TI Clinical markers for disease activity in patients with osseous sarcoidosis. SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 41 IS 9 SU S MA 1180 BP S229 EP S229 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 125AQ UT WOS:000076215601181 ER PT J AU Murphy, FT Pasquina, PF Prieto, R Dennis, GJ AF Murphy, FT Pasquina, PF Prieto, R Dennis, GJ TI A phase one clinical trial of intra-articular ketorolac (TORADOL) in acute gouty arthritis. SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 41 IS 9 SU S MA 720 BP S152 EP S152 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 125AQ UT WOS:000076215600721 ER PT J AU Tolnay, M Vereshchagina, LA Tsokos, GC AF Tolnay, M Vereshchagina, LA Tsokos, GC TI Regulation of the human complement receptor 2 (CR2) gene transcription: Role of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) D0B and AP-2. SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 41 IS 9 SU S MA 1849 BP S341 EP S341 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 125AQ UT WOS:000076215601848 ER PT J AU Wong, HK Dennis, G Kammer, GM Tsokos, GC AF Wong, HK Dennis, G Kammer, GM Tsokos, GC TI Nuclear factor (NF) kappa B DNA binding activity in lymphocytes from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Decreased heterodimer formation following membrane-mediated and membrane-bypassing cell stimulation. SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 41 IS 9 SU S MA 1852 BP S341 EP S341 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 125AQ UT WOS:000076215601851 ER PT J AU Morgan, CD Burkhart, SS Palmeri, M Gillespie, M AF Morgan, CD Burkhart, SS Palmeri, M Gillespie, M TI Type II SLAP lesions: Three subtypes and their relationships to superior instability and rotator cuff tears SO ARTHROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE SLAP lesion; labral tear; Superior instability; Secondary rotator cuff tears AB One hundred two type II SLAP lesions without associated anterior instability, Bankart lesion, or anterior inferior labral pathology were surgically treated under arthroscopic control, There were three distinct type II SLAP lesions based on anatomic location: anterior (37%), posterior (31%), and combined anterior and posterior (31%). Preoperatively, the Speed and O'Brien tests were useful in predicting anterior lesions, whereas the Jobe relocation test was useful in predicting posterior lesions. Rotator cuff tears were present in 31% of patients and were found to be lesion-location specific. In posterior and combined anterior posterior lesions, a drive-through sign was always present (despite absence of anterior-inferior labral pathology or a Bankart lesion) and was eliminated by repair of the posterior component of the SLAP lesion. We conclude that SLAP lesions with a posterior component develop posterior-superior instability that manifests itself by a secondary anterior-inferior pseudolaxity (drive-through sign), and that chronic superior instability leads to secondary lesion-location-specific rotator cuff tears that begin as partial thickness tears from inside the joint. C1 Alfred I Dupont Inst, Morgan Kalman Clin, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Sect Sports Med, Wilmington, DE 19810 USA. Allegheny Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Philadelphia, PA 19102 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. San Antonio Orthopaed Grp, San Antonio, TX USA. Beth Israel Med Ctr, Docs Phys, Valhalla, NY USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Morgan, CD (reprint author), Alfred I Dupont Inst, Morgan Kalman Clin, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Sect Sports Med, 2501 Silverside Rd, Wilmington, DE 19810 USA. NR 15 TC 337 Z9 342 U1 1 U2 7 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0749-8063 J9 ARTHROSCOPY JI Arthroscopy PD SEP PY 1998 VL 14 IS 6 BP 553 EP 565 DI 10.1016/S0749-8063(98)70049-0 PG 13 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA 118VM UT WOS:000075861300001 PM 9754471 ER PT J AU Schwartz, GN Warren, MK Rothwell, SW Zujewski, J Halverson, DC Cowan, KH Tolcher, A O'Shaughnessy, J Gress, RE AF Schwartz, GN Warren, MK Rothwell, SW Zujewski, J Halverson, DC Cowan, KH Tolcher, A O'Shaughnessy, J Gress, RE TI Post-chemotherapy and cytokine pretreated marrow stromal cell layers suppress hematopoiesis from normal donor CD34(+) cells SO BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article DE bone marrow; hematopoiesis; stem cells; stomal cells; TNF-alpha ID COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR; TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; HUMAN BONE-MARROW; ADVANCED BREAST-CANCER; LONG-TERM CULTURES; PROGENITOR CELLS; CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE CHEMOTHERAPY; MYELOABLATIVE THERAPY; NEGATIVE REGULATORS; POPULATION FOLLOW AB Marrow stromal layers were used to investigate the potential role of negative regulators produced by the marrow microenvironment as one potential cause of hematopoietic suppression after chemotherapy and cytokines. Stromal layers were established from marrow of normal or prechemotherapy donors and breast cancer patients after hematological recovery from one cycle of 5-fluorouracil, leucovorin, doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide and GM-CSF or PIXY321 (GM-CSF/IL-3 fusion protein). Normal donor CD34(+) cells were placed in contact with stromal layers, and the number of colony-forming units for granulocytes and macrophages (CFU-GM) was determined. There were 25-79% fewer CFU-GM in post-chemotherapy stromal layer cocultures than in no chemotherapy cocultures. With neutralizing antibody to TNF-a the number of CFU-GM in no chemotherapy and post-chemotherapy stromal cocultures was, respectively, 96 +/- 7% (n = 5) and 142 +/- 8% (n = 5) of the number with no antibody treatment. PIXY321 and GM-CSF pretreated stromal layers also suppressed production of CFU-GM. Anti-TNF-alpha promoted an increase in CFU-GM numbers from GM-CSF, but not PIXY321, pretreated stromal cocultures, The results demonstrate that post-chemotherapy marrow stromal layers were deficient in supporting in vitro hematopoiesis and suggest that negative regulators induced by chemotherapy and cytokines may be one cause for this defect. C1 NCI, Dept Expt Transplantat & Immunol, Med Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Otsuka Pharmaceut Co Ltd, Rockville, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Hematol, Washington, DC USA. RP Schwartz, GN (reprint author), NCI, Dept Expt Transplantat & Immunol, Med Branch, Bldg 10,Room 12N226, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NR 56 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 3 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0268-3369 J9 BONE MARROW TRANSPL JI Bone Marrow Transplant. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 22 IS 5 BP 457 EP 468 DI 10.1038/sj.bmt.1701364 PG 12 WC Biophysics; Oncology; Hematology; Immunology; Transplantation SC Biophysics; Oncology; Hematology; Immunology; Transplantation GA 112MC UT WOS:000075497600007 PM 9733269 ER PT J AU Brannon, JM Davis, WM McFarland, VA Hayes, C AF Brannon, JM Davis, WM McFarland, VA Hayes, C TI Organic matter quality and partitioning of PCB SO BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HUMIC-ACID; SORPTION; HYDROCARBONS; POLLUTANTS; SEDIMENTS; COLLOIDS; SOILS; WATER C1 USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. AScl Corp, Mclean, VA 22101 USA. RP Brannon, JM (reprint author), USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 19 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 6 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0007-4861 J9 B ENVIRON CONTAM TOX JI Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 61 IS 3 BP 333 EP 338 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 114TX UT WOS:000075626200008 PM 9724356 ER PT J AU Barrett, AH Kaletunc, G AF Barrett, AH Kaletunc, G TI Quantitative description of fracturability changes in puffed corn extrudates affected by sorption of low levels of moisture SO CEREAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID STRESS-STRAIN RELATIONSHIPS; GLASS TRANSITIONS; BRITTLE; STATE AB Fracturability is a defining textural characteristic of extruded and crunchy products such as puffed snacks and cereals. Even low levels of moisture can significantly affect deformation properties and texture due to changes in the distribution of fracture intensities. The fracturability of puffed corn extrudates produced at two specific mechanical energy (SME) levels, which greatly influenced extrudate structure and deformation behavior, was measured by compression testing before and after equilibration of samples at 33% rh. Significant changes in fracturability due to moderate moisture sorption were manifest in a reduced total number of fractures occurring during compression, an indication of plasticization that was confirmed independently by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) studies as reductions in glass transition temperature (T-g). However, in both instances, mean fracture intensity and average compressive resistance increased after equilibration, indicating a qualitative toughening or hardening of the products, despite increased moisture and decreased T-g. These textural developments were also reflected in changes in the parameters of fitted fracture intensity distributions. Thus, the influence of processing conditions (quantified in terms of SME) on the creation of new micro and macrostructures, and the effect of low levels of moisture on these structures, can be identified by using fracturability characteristics and T-g. Furthermore, fracturability parameters can demonstrate complexity in the deformation patterns of products that thermal measurements confirm to be plasticized. C1 USA, Adv Foods Branch, Sustainabil Directorate, Natick RD&E Ctr SSCOM, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Ohio State Univ, Dept Food Agr & Biol Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Barrett, AH (reprint author), USA, Adv Foods Branch, Sustainabil Directorate, Natick RD&E Ctr SSCOM, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM abarrett@natick-enh2.army.mil RI Kaletunc, Gonul/B-8806-2012 NR 15 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER ASSOC CEREAL CHEMISTS PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 USA SN 0009-0352 J9 CEREAL CHEM JI Cereal Chem. PD SEP-OCT PY 1998 VL 75 IS 5 BP 695 EP 698 DI 10.1094/CCHEM.1998.75.5.695 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 123XD UT WOS:000076150200024 ER PT J AU Anderson, GP King, KD Cao, LK Jacoby, M Ligler, FS Ezzell, J AF Anderson, GP King, KD Cao, LK Jacoby, M Ligler, FS Ezzell, J TI Quantifying serum antiplague antibody with a fiber-optic biosensor SO CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC LABORATORY IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID YERSINIA-PESTIS; PLAGUE; CALIFORNIA; SURVEILLANCE; CATS AB The fiber-optic biosensor, originally developed to detect hazardous biological agents such as protein toxins or bacterial cells, has been utilized to quantify the concentration of serum antiplague antibodies. This biosensor has been used to detect and quantify the plague fraction I antigen in serum, plasma, and whole-blood samples, but its ability to quantify serum antibodies has not been demonstrated. By using a competitive assay, the concentration of serum antiplague antibodies was ascertained in the range of 2 to 15 mu g/ml. By making simple dilutions, concentrations for 11 serum samples whose antiplague antibody concentrations were unknown were determined and were found to be in good agreement with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay results. The competitive assay method could be used to effectively determine the exposure to plague of animals or humans or could be applied to other diseases, such as hepatitis or AIDS, where the presence of antibodies is used to diagnose infection. C1 USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Appl Res Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Geocenters Inc, Ft Washington, MD 20744 USA. RP Anderson, GP (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Code 6910, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM ganderson@cbmse.nrl.navy.mil RI Anderson, George/D-2461-2011 OI Anderson, George/0000-0001-7545-9893 NR 20 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 1071-412X J9 CLIN DIAGN LAB IMMUN JI Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 5 IS 5 BP 609 EP 612 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 117NF UT WOS:000075787400003 PM 9729524 ER PT J AU Steller, MA Gurski, KJ Murakami, M Daniel, RW Shah, KV Celis, E Sette, A Trimble, EL Park, RC Marincola, FM AF Steller, MA Gurski, KJ Murakami, M Daniel, RW Shah, KV Celis, E Sette, A Trimble, EL Park, RC Marincola, FM TI Cell-mediated immunological responses in cervical and vaginal cancer patients immunized with a lipidated epitope of human papillomavirus type 16 E7 SO CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID T-LYMPHOCYTE RESPONSE; IN-VIVO; INFLUENZA NUCLEOPROTEIN; SYNTHETIC PEPTIDES; MELANOMA PATIENTS; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD; HELPER EPITOPES; HLA-A2 SUBTYPES; ANTIGEN; E6 AB Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection has been causally associated with cervical cancer. Ne tested the effectiveness of an HLA-A*0201-restricted, HPV-16 E7 lipopeptide vaccine in eliciting cellular immune responses in vivo in women with refractory cervical cancer. In a nonrandomized Phase I clinical trial, 12 women expressing the HLA-A2 allele with refractory cervical or vaginal cancer were vaccinated with four E7(86-93) lipopeptide inoculations at 3-week intervals. HLA-AZ subtyping was also performed, and HPV typing was assessed on tumor specimens. Induction of epitope-specific CD8(+) T-lymphocyte (CTL) responses was analyzed using peripheral blood leukapheresis specimens obtained before and after vaccination, CTL specificity was measured by IFN-gamma release assay using HLA-A*0201 matched target cells. Clinical responses were assessed by physical examination and radiographic images. All HLA-A*0201 patients were able to mount a cellular immune response to a control peptide. E7(86-93)-specific CTLs were elicited in 4 of 10 evaluable HLA-A*0201 subjects before vaccination, 5 of 7 evaluable HLA-A*0201 patients after two vaccinations, and 2 of 3 evaluable HLA-A*0201 cultures after all four inoculations, Two of three evaluable patients' CTLs converted from unreactive to reactive after administration of all four inoculations. There were no clinical responses or treatment toxicities, The ability to generate specific cellular immune responses is retained in patients with advanced cervical cancer, Vaccination with a lipidated HPV peptide epitope appears capable of safely augmenting CTL reactivity. Although enhancements of cellular immune responses are needed to achieve therapeutic utility in advanced cervical cancer, this approach might prove useful in treating preinvasive disease. C1 NCI, Canc Therapy Evaluat Program, Surg Branch, Gynecol Oncol Sect, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NCI, Canc Therapy Evaluat Program, Clin Invest Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Cytel Corp, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Steller, MA (reprint author), Brown Univ, Women & Infants Hosp, 1 Blackstone Pl,3rd Floor, Providence, RI 02905 USA. EM msteller@wihri.org NR 40 TC 134 Z9 143 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI BIRMINGHAM PA PO BOX 11806, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35202 USA SN 1078-0432 J9 CLIN CANCER RES JI Clin. Cancer Res. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 4 IS 9 BP 2103 EP 2109 PG 7 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 116TY UT WOS:000075742000011 PM 9748126 ER PT J AU Liossis, SNC Hoffman, RW Tsokos, GC AF Liossis, SNC Hoffman, RW Tsokos, GC TI Abnormal early TCR/CD3-mediated signaling events of a snRNP-autoreactive lupus T cell clone SO CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY AND IMMUNOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE systemic lupus erythematosus; signal transduction; autoantigen; antigen receptor; snRNP ID CONNECTIVE-TISSUE-DISEASE; SMALL NUCLEAR RIBONUCLEOPROTEINS; ERYTHEMATOSUS; TRANSDUCTION; LYMPHOCYTES; ACTIVATION; SHIP AB Multiple immunoregulatory abnormalities characterize systemic lupus erythematosus. Abnormalities of the antigen receptor-mediated early signal transduction biochemical events underscore the diverse cellular aberrations. Fresh peripheral T and B cells and T cell lines from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus display increased Ca2+ responses that are preceded by enhanced antigen receptor-initiated cytosolic protein tyrosine phosphorylation. To further dissect the aberrant signaling events of lupus T cells we studied the early anti-CD3 mAb-induced signaling events in autoantigen-specific T cells from lupus patients. We report herein that a lupus snRNP-specific T cell clone, but not other T cells, displays increased Ca2+ fluxes and enhanced production of tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins following TCR/CD3 stimulation. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Univ Missouri, Dept Internal Med, Div Rheumatol & Immunol, Columbia, MO 65212 USA. Vet Adm Med Ctr, Columbia, MO 65212 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Clin Pathol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Liossis, SNC (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Room A3060, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 17 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0090-1229 J9 CLIN IMMUNOL IMMUNOP JI Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 88 IS 3 BP 305 EP 310 DI 10.1006/clin.1998.4569 PG 6 WC Immunology; Pathology SC Immunology; Pathology GA 125NV UT WOS:000076244400013 PM 9743618 ER PT J AU Wortmann, GW Aronson, NE Byrd, JC Grever, MR Oster, CN AF Wortmann, GW Aronson, NE Byrd, JC Grever, MR Oster, CN TI Herpes zoster and lymphopenia associated with sodium stibogluconate therapy for cutaneous leishmaniasis SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID SO-BENIGN VIRUS; VISCERAL LEISHMANIASIS; MUCOSAL LEISHMANIASIS; CELL SUBPOPULATIONS; CHANGING CONCEPTS; NATURAL-HISTORY; VARICELLA; EFFICACY; KENYA; BLOOD AB A review of 84 patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis treated with sodium stibogluconate (Pentostam) at our institution revealed that three had developed herpes zoster during or shortly after receiving therapy, Because zoster has been associated with depressed cellular immunity, we prospectively followed serial lymphocyte subpopulations in eight patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis who received Pentostam. By day 7 of therapy, the white blood cell count had fallen by a median of 1.15/mm(3), the total lymphocyte count by a median of 804/mm(3), and the CD4(+) lymphocyte count by a median of 306/mm(3) (67% of baseline; confidence interval, 52%-78%). An in vitro cell-viability assay demonstrated that Pentostam is not toxic to human mononuclear cells. The administration of Pentostam for the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis results in lymphopenia that may be related to the subsequent occurrence of herpes zoster. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Infect Dis Clin, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Hematol Oncol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Div Hematol Malignancies, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Wortmann, GW (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Infect Dis Clin, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 27 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5801 S ELLIS AVENUE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 27 IS 3 BP 509 EP 512 DI 10.1086/514689 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 119VD UT WOS:000075917900017 PM 9770149 ER PT J AU Winters, DR Schech, JM Baker, WH AF Winters, DR Schech, JM Baker, WH TI Periorbital mass in a squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus) SO CONTEMPORARY TOPICS IN LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB During a routine annual physical examination, a small, hard, palpable mass was discovered on the left cheek below the lateral canthus of the eye of an adult male squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus). Radiographs of the lesion were obtained, and the lesion was surgically removed. Histologic examination of the mass was performed. On the basis of radiographic, anatomic, and histologic findings, a diagnosis of osteoma was made. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Vet Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Pathol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Winters, DR (reprint author), US Army Dugway Proving Ground, W Desert Test Ctr, Div Life Sci, Dugway, UT 84022 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI MEMPHIS PA 9190 CRESTWYN HILLS DR, MEMPHIS, TN 38125 USA SN 1060-0558 J9 CONTEMP TOP LAB ANIM JI Contemp. Top. Lab. Anim. Sci. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 37 IS 5 BP 103 EP 105 PG 3 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA V2596 UT WOS:000165287500013 PM 12456145 ER PT J AU Wilber, DH Bass, R AF Wilber, DH Bass, R TI Effect of the Colorado river diversion on Matagorda Bay epifauna SO ESTUARINE COASTAL AND SHELF SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE freshwater diversion; oyster harvests; fisheries; Matagorda Bay ID FRESH-WATER INFLOWS; BLUE-CRAB; ESTUARIES; TEXAS; FLORIDA AB The effect on epifauna of the Colorado River diversion, which restored river flow to Matagorda Bay, Texas, U.S.A. was assessed using three independent data sets and analytical approaches. A monitoring study conducted by the Galveston District, U.S. Corps of Engineers, revealed lower croaker and brown shrimp abundances for 3 years following the diversion compared to their abundances during 3 pre-diversion years. No changes in the abundances of white shrimp, blue crabs and spot were evident in this monitoring study. The relative distributions of these common epifaunal organisms within the eastern arm of the bay, where the redirected river-mouth empties, did not change following the diversion. Analyses of data (1982-1995) from a long-term trawl-survey programme conducted by the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department (TPWD) indicated that the catches of common epibenthic organisms in the eastern arm of the bay following the diversion were also within the range of historic variation. Species richness decreased significantly at the eastern stations where salinities were lower following the diversion. Commercial fishery landings of most species in the post-diversion period were within the range of historic variation. Oyster landings, however, were consistently low for the 4 years for which post-diversion data were available, probably because previously harvestable reefs were lost to sedimentation and burial close to the redirected river mouth. Prior to the diversion (1970-1991), oyster landings were negatively associated with the same year's maximum annual river flows and the duration of low flows (< 14 m(3) s(-1)) 2 years previous (r(2) = 0.63, P < 0.001). The regression results indicate that post-diversion increases in freshwater inflows during low flow periods will likely benefit oyster harvests 2 years later Increases to oyster yields may take several more years to be realized and will be contingent upon the success of harvests from the newly created oyster reefs along the northern bay arm. (C) 1998 Academic Press. C1 Dyntel, Charleston, SC 29412 USA. USA, Planning Div, Engineer Galveston Dist, Galveston, TX 77550 USA. RP Wilber, DH (reprint author), Dyntel, 664 Old Plantat Rd, Charleston, SC 29412 USA. NR 36 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 14 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0272-7714 J9 ESTUAR COAST SHELF S JI Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 47 IS 3 BP 309 EP 318 DI 10.1006/ecss.1998.0356 PG 10 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA 121VX UT WOS:000076036300007 ER PT J AU Schoen, RE Corle, D Cranston, L Weissfeld, JL Lance, P Burt, R Iber, F Shike, M Kikendall, JW Hasson, M Lewin, KJ Appelman, HD Paskett, E Selby, JV Lanza, E Schatzkin, A AF Schoen, RE Corle, D Cranston, L Weissfeld, JL Lance, P Burt, R Iber, F Shike, M Kikendall, JW Hasson, M Lewin, KJ Appelman, HD Paskett, E Selby, JV Lanza, E Schatzkin, A CA Polyp Prevent Trial TI Is colonoscopy needed for the nonadvanced adenoma found on sigmoidoscopy? SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID OCCULT BLOOD-TESTS; RISK ASYMPTOMATIC PATIENTS; DIMINUTIVE COLONIC POLYPS; COLORECTAL-CANCER; FLEXIBLE SIGMOIDOSCOPY; SCREENING COLONOSCOPY; HYPERPLASTIC POLYPS; RECTOSIGMOID POLYPS; LARGE BOWEL; FIBEROPTIC SIGMOIDOSCOPY AB Background & Aims: The need for colonoscopy when small tubular adenomas with low-grade dysplasia are found on sigmoidoscopy is uncertain. The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence and characteristics of proximal adenomas in patients with distal adenomas, Methods: We studied 981 subjects with distal adenomas found on the index colonoscopy before randomization in the Polyp Prevention Trial. Results: Four hundred sixty patients (46.9%) had greater than or equal to 1 distal adenoma that was pathologically advanced (villous component, high-grade dysplasia, or greater than or equal to 1 cm); 21.5% (211 of 981) had any proximal adenoma; and 4.3% (42 of 981) (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.0-5.5) had an advanced proximal adenoma. A greater percentage of patients with an advanced distal adenoma (5.9%) (95% CI, 3.7-8.0) had an advanced proximal adenoma compared with those with a nonadvanced distal adenoma (2.9%) (95% CI, 1.4-4.3) (OR, 2.1; 95% CI, 1.1-4.3; P = 0.03). Not performing a colonoscopy in patients with a nonadvanced distal adenoma would have missed 36% (15 of 42) of the advanced proximal adenomas, Conclusions: Patients with an advanced distal adenoma are twice as likely to have an advanced proximal adenoma as patients with a nonadvanced distal adenoma. However, eschewing a colonoscopy in patients with a nonadvanced distal adenoma would result in not detecting a sizeable percentage of the prevalent advanced proximal adenomas. These data support performance of a colonoscopy in patients with a nonadvanced distal adenoma, Confirmation of these results in asymptomatic subjects undergoing screening sigmoidoscopy is advisable. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Med, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Epidemiol, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. NCI, Biometry Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NCI, Div Canc Prevent, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NCI, Nutr Epidemiol Branch, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. WESTAT Corp, Comp Syst & Applicat, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. SUNY Buffalo, Div Gastroenterol, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. Univ Utah, Dept Internal Med, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, Vet Affairs Edward Hines Jr Hosp, Gastroenterol Sect, Hines, IL 60141 USA. Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Div Gastroenterol, New York, NY 10021 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Gastroenterol Sect, Bethesda, MD USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Pathol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Winston Salem, NC 27103 USA. Kaiser Fdn, Res Inst, Div Res, Oakland, CA USA. RP Schoen, RE (reprint author), Pittsburgh Univ Hosp, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol, Mezzanine Level,C Wing,200 Lothrop St, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. RI Lance, Peter/I-2196-2014 OI Lance, Peter/0000-0003-2944-1881 NR 71 TC 69 Z9 70 U1 2 U2 2 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD SEP PY 1998 VL 115 IS 3 BP 533 EP 541 DI 10.1016/S0016-5085(98)70132-5 PG 9 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 113PQ UT WOS:000075560800007 PM 9721149 ER PT J AU Arcone, SA Lawson, DE Delaney, AJ Strasser, JC Strasser, JD AF Arcone, SA Lawson, DE Delaney, AJ Strasser, JC Strasser, JD TI Ground-penetrating radar reflection profiling of groundwater and bedrock in an area of discontinuous permafrost SO GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SHORT-PULSE RADAR; RADIATION-PATTERNS; ALASKA; RIVER AB We have used ground-penetrating radar to profile the depth to permafrost, to groundwater beneath permafrost, and to bedrock within permafrost in alluvial sediments of interior Alaska. We used well log data to aid the interpretations and to calculate dielectric permittivities for frozen and unfrozen materials. Interfaces between unfrozen and frozen sediments above permafrost were best resolved with wavelet bandwidths centered at and above 100 MHz. The resolution also required consideration of antenna configuration? season. and surface conditions. Depths to subpermafrost groundwater were profiled where it was in continuous contact with the bottom of the permafrost, except near transitions to unfrozen zones, where the contact appeared to dip steeply. The complexity of the responses to intrapermafrost bedrock, detected at a maximum depth of 47 m, appears to distinguish the se eve nts from those of subpermafrost saturated sediments. The relative dielectric permittivity ranged between 4.4 and 8.3 for the permafrost, and between 12 and 45 for partially to fully saturated, unfrozen silts and sands. Scattering losses are evident from intrapermafrost diffractions and from the improved penetration achieved by lowering the midband radar frequency from 100 to 50 MHz. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Arcone, SA (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM sarcone@crrel.usace; dlawson@crrel.usace.army.mil; delaney@crrel.usace.army.mil NR 37 TC 91 Z9 97 U1 2 U2 9 PU SOC EXPLORATION GEOPHYSICISTS PI TULSA PA 8801 S YALE ST, TULSA, OK 74137 USA SN 0016-8033 J9 GEOPHYSICS JI Geophysics PD SEP-OCT PY 1998 VL 63 IS 5 BP 1573 EP 1584 DI 10.1190/1.1444454 PG 12 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 126GM UT WOS:000076285600011 ER PT J AU Snow, MP Williges, RC AF Snow, MP Williges, RC TI Empirical models based on free-modulus magnitude estimation of perceived presence in virtual environments SO HUMAN FACTORS LA English DT Article ID DISPLAY; PERFORMANCE; REALITY AB A series of 3 studies was conducted to test free-modulus magnitude estimation as a measure of perceived presence in virtual environments (VEs) and to model the first- and second-order effects of 11 VE system parameters on perceived presence across 5 subtasks. Sequential experimentation techniques were used to build 4 empirical models using polynomial regression. An integrated empirical model of data combined across 2 experiments demonstrated that all significant factors had a positive effect on perceived presence. Three of these parameters field of view, sound, and head tracking - had almost 3 times as much influence on presence than the other 4 significant parameters, which were visual display resolution, texture mapping, stereopsis, and scene update rate. Sequential experimentation was an efficient tool for building empirical models of perceived presence, but the subjective nature of this phenomenon and individual differences made data bridging across sequential studies problematic. It was concluded that magnitude estimation is a useful measure of perceived presence, and the resulting polynomial regression models can be used to facilitate VE system design decisions. This research has broad application in the selection and design of VE system components and overall design of VE systems. C1 USA, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Snow, MP (reprint author), WL FIGP Bldg 146,2210 8th St,Suite 1, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 41 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 1 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0018-7208 J9 HUM FACTORS JI Hum. Factors PD SEP PY 1998 VL 40 IS 3 BP 386 EP 402 DI 10.1518/001872098779591395 PG 17 WC Behavioral Sciences; Engineering, Industrial; Ergonomics; Psychology, Applied; Psychology SC Behavioral Sciences; Engineering; Psychology GA 144CW UT WOS:000077297000004 PM 9849101 ER PT J AU Witmer, BG Sadowski, WJ AF Witmer, BG Sadowski, WJ TI Nonvisually guided locomotion to a previously viewed target in real and virtual environments SO HUMAN FACTORS LA English DT Article ID VISUAL INFORMATION; DISTANCE; PERCEPTION; ACCURACY AB Comparing human performance in a virtual environment (VE) with performance in the real world can provide clues about which aspects of VE technology require improvement. Using a technique previously shown to measure real-world distance judgments accurately we compared performance in a real-world environment with performance in a virtual model of that environment. The technique required participants to walk without vision to a target after viewing it for 10 s. VE distance judgments averaged 85% of the target distance, whereas real-world judgments averaged 92%. The magnitude of the relative errors in the VE was twice that in the real world, indicating that the VE degraded distance judgments. Our analysis suggests that VE performance deficits result either from poor binocular disparity cues or from distortion of pictorial depth cues. Actual or potential applications of this research include the development of virtual environments for training and the design of visual displays for virtual simulations. C1 USA, Res Inst Behav & Social Sci, Orlando, FL 32826 USA. Univ Cent Florida, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. RP Witmer, BG (reprint author), USA, Res Inst Behav & Social Sci, 123550 Res Pkwy, Orlando, FL 32826 USA. NR 17 TC 70 Z9 71 U1 1 U2 8 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0018-7208 J9 HUM FACTORS JI Hum. Factors PD SEP PY 1998 VL 40 IS 3 BP 478 EP 488 DI 10.1518/001872098779591340 PG 11 WC Behavioral Sciences; Engineering, Industrial; Ergonomics; Psychology, Applied; Psychology SC Behavioral Sciences; Engineering; Psychology GA 144CW UT WOS:000077297000012 ER PT J AU Walker, PS Scharton-Kersten, T Rowton, ED Hengge, U Bouloc, A Udey, MC Vogel, JC AF Walker, PS Scharton-Kersten, T Rowton, ED Hengge, U Bouloc, A Udey, MC Vogel, JC TI Genetic immunization with glycoprotein 63 cDNA results in a helper T cell type 1 immune response and protection in a murine model of leishmaniasis SO HUMAN GENE THERAPY LA English DT Article ID SURFACE-ANTIGEN; DENDRITIC CELLS; MAJOR INFECTION; BACTERIAL-DNA; CPG MOTIFS; CUTANEOUS LEISHMANIASIS; LANGERHANS CELLS; NAKED DNA; IN-VIVO; EXPRESSION AB Genetic immunization is a promising gene therapy approach for the prevention and treatment of infectious disease, Plasmid DNA expressing genes of pathogens is directly introduced into host cells and specific cell-mediated and/or humoral immune responses are elicited against the encoded protein. Leishmaniasis is a significant world-wide health problem for which no vaccine exists, In susceptible animals, such as BALB/c mice, protection from leishmaniasis requires induction of a Th1 immune response, In this study, cell-mediated immunity to Leishmania major (L, major) was induced by injecting BALB/c mice intradermally with plasmid DNA expressing the conserved L, major cell surface glycoprotein gp63 (gp63-pcDNA-3), CD4 T lymphocytes from gp63-pcDNA-3-immunized mice proliferated and produced IFN-gamma (but not IL-4) when stimulated in vitro with freeze-thawed parasites, consistent with a Th1 immune response. In contrast, lymphocyte proliferation in animals immunized with freeze-thawed parasites was associated with IL-4 (but not IFN-gamma) production, suggesting a nonprotective Th2 response. Challenge studies revealed that gp63-pcDNA-3 vaccination protected 30% of susceptible mice (21 of 70) from Leishmania infection while neither gp63 protein (0 of 20) nor freeze-thawed parasite vaccines (0 of 50) were efficacious, Dendritic cells derived from skin of gp63-pcDNA-3-injected mice also immunized naive recipients and protected them from leishmaniasis, We conclude that gp63-pcDNA-3 genetic vaccination results in a CD4-dependent Th1 immune response that correlates with protection from disease, and suggest that skin-derived dendritic cells are involved in priming this response. C1 NIH, Dermatol Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NIAID, Immunobiol Sect, Parasit Dis Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Vogel, JC (reprint author), NIH, Dermatol Branch, Bldg 10 Room 12N260,9600 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RI Rowton, Edgar/A-1975-2011; Rowton, Edgar/A-4474-2012 OI Rowton, Edgar/0000-0002-1979-1485; NR 47 TC 66 Z9 66 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 1043-0342 J9 HUM GENE THER JI Hum. Gene Ther. PD SEP 1 PY 1998 VL 9 IS 13 BP 1899 EP 1907 DI 10.1089/hum.1998.9.13-1899 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 114XE UT WOS:000075633800006 PM 9741428 ER PT J AU Atwater, TB AF Atwater, TB TI Zinc-air batteries for forward field charging SO IEEE AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS MAGAZINE LA English DT Article AB In order to realize the operational and service cost savings through the use of rechargeable batteries, the dismounted soldier is burdened with the weight, volume and/or charging logistics of the batteries. By providing the soldier with a high energy density source and a lightweight compact battery charger, the burden imposed by rechargeable batteries in the forward field can be minimized. Zinc-air batteries have the potential for meeting the energy demands of forward battlefield charging. They are attitude insensitive, have a high specific energy and are inherently inexpensive, lightweight and safe. C1 USA, CECOM, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, AMSEL,RD,CZ,PS,B, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Atwater, TB (reprint author), USA, CECOM, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, AMSEL,RD,CZ,PS,B, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 7 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0885-8985 J9 IEEE AERO EL SYS MAG JI IEEE Aerosp. Electron. Syst. Mag. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 13 IS 9 BP 36 EP 38 DI 10.1109/62.715538 PG 3 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 119WM UT WOS:000075921200011 ER PT J AU Chen, TH Hero, A Djuric, PM Messer, H Goldberg, J Thomson, DJ Amin, MG Krim, H Pesquet, JC Giannakis, G Swami, A Tugnait, JK Cardoso, JF Tong, L Krolik, J AF Chen, TH Hero, A Djuric, PM Messer, H Goldberg, J Thomson, DJ Amin, MG Krim, H Pesquet, JC Giannakis, G Swami, A Tugnait, JK Cardoso, JF Tong, L Krolik, J TI Highlights of statistical signal and array processing SO IEEE SIGNAL PROCESSING MAGAZINE LA English DT Review ID HIGHER-ORDER STATISTICS; NON-GAUSSIAN NOISE; BLIND CHANNEL IDENTIFICATION; CHAIN MONTE-CARLO; EXPECTATION-MAXIMIZATION ALGORITHM; ASYMPTOTICALLY OPTIMAL DETECTION; ELECTROMAGNETIC VECTOR SENSORS; TIME-FREQUENCY REPRESENTATION; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD-ESTIMATION; TERRESTRIAL FREE OSCILLATIONS C1 Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. Villanova Univ, Villanova, PA 19085 USA. Ecole Natl Super Telecommun Bretagne, Paris, France. Auburn Univ, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27706 USA. Portland State Univ, Portland, OR 97207 USA. Tel Aviv Univ, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL USA. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. USA, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20310 USA. Brigham Young Univ, Provo, UT 84602 USA. Rochester Inst Technol, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Chalmers, S-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. RI Magazine, Signal Processing/E-9947-2015; Nehorai, Arye/G-1661-2011 NR 472 TC 23 Z9 29 U1 5 U2 20 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1053-5888 EI 1558-0792 J9 IEEE SIGNAL PROC MAG JI IEEE Signal Process. Mag. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 15 IS 5 BP 21 EP 64 DI 10.1109/79.708539 PG 44 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 115PY UT WOS:000075674900002 ER PT J AU Jezek, KC Perovich, DK Golden, KM Luther, C Barber, DG Gogineni, P Grenfell, TC Jordan, AK Mobley, CD Nghiem, SV Onstott, RG AF Jezek, KC Perovich, DK Golden, KM Luther, C Barber, DG Gogineni, P Grenfell, TC Jordan, AK Mobley, CD Nghiem, SV Onstott, RG TI A broad spectral, interdisciplinary investigation of the electromagnetic properties of sea ice SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE electromagnetic (EM) scattering; geophysics; optics; sea ice ID RADAR BACKSCATTER AB This paper highlights the interrelationship of research completed by a team of investigators and presented in the several individual papers comprising this Special Section on the Office of Naval Research (ONR), Arlington, VA, Sponsored Sea Ice Electromagnetics Accelerated Research Initiative (ARI). The objectives of the initiative were the following: 1) understand the mechanisms and processes that link the morphological and physical properties of sea ice to its electromagnetic (EM) characteristics; 2) develop and verify predictive models for the interaction of visible, infrared, and microwave radiation with sea ice; 3) develop and verify inverse scattering techniques applicable to problems involving the interaction of EM radiation with sea ice. Guiding principles for the program were that all EM data be taken with concurrent physical property data (salinity, density, roughness, etc.) and that broad spectral data be acquired in as nearly a simultaneous fashion as possible. Over 30 investigators participated in laboratory, field, and modeling studies that spanned the EM spectrum from radio to ultraviolet wavelengths. An interdisciplinary approach that brought together sea ice physicists, remote-sensing experts tin EM measurements), and forward and inverse modelers (primarily mathematicians and EM theorists) was a hallmark of the program. Along with describing results from experiments and modeling efforts, possible paradigms for using broad spectral data in developing algorithms for analyzing remote-sensing data in terms of ice concentration, age, type, and possibly thickness are briefly discussed. C1 Ohio State Univ, Byrd Polar Res Ctr, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Univ Utah, Dept Math, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA 22217 USA. Univ Manitoba, Dept Geog, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada. Univ Kansas, Radar Syst & Remote Sensing Lab, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Sequoia Sci Inc, Mercer Isl, WA 98040 USA. CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. Environm Res Inst Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48107 USA. RP Jezek, KC (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Byrd Polar Res Ctr, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. NR 21 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0196-2892 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD SEP PY 1998 VL 36 IS 5 BP 1633 EP 1641 DI 10.1109/36.718635 PN 2 PG 9 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 121ZQ UT WOS:000076046300002 ER PT J AU Grenfell, TC Barber, DG Fung, AK Gow, AJ Jezek, KC Knapp, EJ Nghiem, SV Onstott, RG Perovich, DK Roesler, CS Swift, CT Tanis, F AF Grenfell, TC Barber, DG Fung, AK Gow, AJ Jezek, KC Knapp, EJ Nghiem, SV Onstott, RG Perovich, DK Roesler, CS Swift, CT Tanis, F TI Evolution of electromagnetic signatures of sea ice from initial formation to the establishment of thick first-year ice SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE forward modeling; microwave; optical; sea ice; temporal evolution; thermal infrared (TIR) ID POLARIMETRIC SIGNATURES; BRIGHTNESS TEMPERATURE; MODEL; MICROWAVE; SNOW; CONSTANT AB The spatial and temporal distribution of new and young sea ice types are of particular interest because of the influence this can exert on the heat and mass balance of the polar sea ice. The objective of the present work is to characterize the temporal evolution of the electromagnetic (EM) signatures of sea ice from initial formation through the development of first-year (FY) ice on the basis of the temporal variations in the physical properties of the ice. The time series of young sea ice signatures, including microwave emissivity, radar backscatter, and visible and infrared spectral albedo, has been measured at successive stages in the growth and development of sea ice, both under laboratory and field conditions. These observations have been accompanied by studies of the physical properties that influence the interaction between radiation and the ice. This has resulted in a consistent data set of concurrent multispectral observations that covers essentially all phases of the development of the different types of sea ice from initial formation to thick FY ice. Mutually consistent theoretical models covering the entire wavelength range of the observations are applied to selected cases and successfully match the observations. Principal component analysis (PCA) of the data set suggests combinations of the set of frequencies to effectively distinguish among different stages in the temporal evolution of the sea ice. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Manitoba, Dept Geog, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada. Univ Texas, Dept Elect Engn, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Ohio State Univ, Byrd Polar Res Ctr, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Microwave Remote Sensing Lab, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. Environm Res Inst Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48107 USA. Univ Connecticut, Dept Marine Sci, Groton, CT 06340 USA. RP Grenfell, TC (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM dbarber@ms.umanitoba.ca NR 32 TC 37 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0196-2892 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD SEP PY 1998 VL 36 IS 5 BP 1642 EP 1654 DI 10.1109/36.718636 PN 2 PG 13 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 121ZQ UT WOS:000076046300003 ER PT J AU Perovich, DK Longacre, J Barber, DG Maffione, RA Cota, GF Mobley, CD Gow, AJ Onstott, RG Grenfell, TC Pegau, WS Landry, M Roesler, CS AF Perovich, DK Longacre, J Barber, DG Maffione, RA Cota, GF Mobley, CD Gow, AJ Onstott, RG Grenfell, TC Pegau, WS Landry, M Roesler, CS TI Field observations of the electromagnetic properties of first-year sea ice SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE electromagnetic properties; physical-biological properties; remote sensing; sea ice; snow cover ID PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; LIGHT-REFLECTION; ABSORPTION AB An interdisciplinary held experiment was conducted during April and May of 1994 at Point Barrow, AK, to investigate the relationship between the electromagnetic and physical-biological properties of first-year sea ice. Electromagnetic signatures of bare and snow-covered first-year ice were measured over a broad spectral range, including ultraviolet through near-infrared albedo, microwave emissivity, and radar backscatter. Observations indicated that the scattering of visible light varied significantly with depth in response to changes in the size and orientation of the ice crystals and in the number of brine and air inclusions. The scattering of visible light was greatest in the surface layer where there were numerous inclusions, and crystals tended to be small and randomly oriented. Changes in albedo over small horizontal distances were found to be related to surface layer conditions, including the number of air bubbles and particulate levels. Even for bare ice, transmittances were small with peaks in the blue-green. Scattering exceeds absorption throughout the snow and ice except in the skeletal layer colonized by bottom ice algae. Passive microwave emissivities showed a substantial difference between snow-covered and snow-free sites due to the effects of impedance matching at lower frequencies and volume scattering at higher frequencies produced by the snow. Spatial variability in the emissivity was quite small except at 90 GHz, where the emissivity was most sensitive to the amount of depth hoar. Radar backscatter coefficients were 5-6 dB larger for oblique viewing angles over snow-covered ice. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. USN, Ctr Underwater Syst, New London, CT 06320 USA. Univ Manitoba, Dept Geog, Ctr Earth Observat Sci, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada. HOBI Labs Inc, Watsonville, CA 95076 USA. Old Dominion Univ, Ctr Coastal Phys Oceanog, Norfolk, VA 23508 USA. Sequoia Sci Inc, Mercer Isl, WA 98040 USA. Environm Res Inst Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48107 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. Univ Connecticut, Dept Marine Sci, Groton, CT 06340 USA. RP Perovich, DK (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM tgow@crrel.usace.army.mil NR 24 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 2 U2 10 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0196-2892 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD SEP PY 1998 VL 36 IS 5 BP 1705 EP 1715 DI 10.1109/36.718639 PN 2 PG 11 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 121ZQ UT WOS:000076046300006 ER PT J AU Kwok, R Nghiem, SV Martin, S Winebrenner, DP Gow, AJ Perovich, DK Swift, CT Barber, DG Golden, KM Knapp, EJ AF Kwok, R Nghiem, SV Martin, S Winebrenner, DP Gow, AJ Perovich, DK Swift, CT Barber, DG Golden, KM Knapp, EJ TI Laboratory measurements of sea ice: Connections to microwave remote sensing SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID FROST FLOWER GROWTH; APERTURE RADAR DATA; POLARIMETRIC SIGNATURES; BACKSCATTER; SURFACE; MODEL; SNOW AB The connections between laboratory measurements and remote-sensing observations of sea ice are explored. The focus of this paper is on thin ice, which is more easily simulated in a laboratory environment. We summarize results of C-band scatterometer measurements and discuss how they may help in the interpretation of remote-sensing data. We compare the measurements with observations of thin ice from ERS and airborne radar data sets. We suggest that laboratory backscatter signatures should serve as bounds on the interpretation of remote-sensing data. We examine these bounds from the perspective of thin ice signatures, the effect of temperature, and surface processes, such as frost flowers and slush on these signatures. Controlled experiments also suggest new directions in remote-sensing measurements. The potential of polarimetric radar measurements in the retrieval of thickness of thin ice is discussed. In addition to the radar results, we discuss the importance of low-frequency passive measurements with respect to the thickness of thin ice. C1 CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Oceanog, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Appl Phys Lab, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Snow & Ice Branch, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Microwave Remote Sensing Lab, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. Univ Manitoba, Dept Geog, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada. Univ Utah, Dept Math, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. RP Kwok, R (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RI Kwok, Ron/A-9762-2008 OI Kwok, Ron/0000-0003-4051-5896 NR 34 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0196-2892 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD SEP PY 1998 VL 36 IS 5 BP 1716 EP 1730 DI 10.1109/36.718640 PN 2 PG 15 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 121ZQ UT WOS:000076046300007 ER PT J AU Mobley, CD Cota, GF Grenfell, TC Maffione, RA Pegau, WS Perovich, DK AF Mobley, CD Cota, GF Grenfell, TC Maffione, RA Pegau, WS Perovich, DK TI Modeling light propagation in sea ice SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE beam spread function (bsf); diffusion theory; modeling; radiative transfer; sea ice ID ABSORPTION AB This paper outlines the process by which it is possible to begin with the physical properties of sea ice (such as the size distributions of brine pockets and air bubbles), then predict the optical absorption and scattering properties of the ice, and finally use these inherent optical properties in radiative transfer models to predict light propagation within the ice, Each step of this entire process is illustrated by application to a comprehensive data set of sea ice physical and optical properties. Agreement is found between measured and modeled beam spread functions (bsf's), albedos, and transmittances. C1 Sequoia Sci Inc, Mercer Isl, WA 98040 USA. Old Dominion Univ, Ctr Coastal Phys Oceanog, Norfolk, VA 23508 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Hydroopt Biol & Instrumentat Labs, Watsonville, CA 95076 USA. Oregon State Univ, Coll Oceanog & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Mobley, CD (reprint author), Sequoia Sci Inc, Mercer Isl, WA 98040 USA. NR 19 TC 26 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 8 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0196-2892 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD SEP PY 1998 VL 36 IS 5 BP 1743 EP 1749 DI 10.1109/36.718642 PN 2 PG 7 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 121ZQ UT WOS:000076046300009 ER PT J AU Barber, DG Fung, AK Grenfell, TC Nghiem, SV Onstott, RG Lytle, VI Perovich, DK Gow, AJ AF Barber, DG Fung, AK Grenfell, TC Nghiem, SV Onstott, RG Lytle, VI Perovich, DK Gow, AJ TI The role of snow on microwave emission and scattering over first-year sea ice SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID SIGNATURES; COEFFICIENT; EVOLUTION AB The primary objective of this paper is to investigate the geophysical and thermodynamic effects of snow on sea ice in defining the electromagnetic (EM) interaction within the microwave portion of the spectrum. We combine observational evidence of both the physical and thermodynamic characteristics of snow with direct measurements of scattering and emission at a variety of frequencies. We explain our observational results using various "state-of-the-art" forward scattering and emission models. Results show that geophysical characteristics of snow effect emission above about 37 GHz and above 5 GHz for active microwave scattering. We understand these effects to be driven by grain size and its contribution to volume scattering in both passive and active interactions within the volume. With snow cover, the Brewster angle effect is not significant and there is a gradual rise in emission from 10 to 37 GHz, We find emissivity to be dominated by direct emission from saline ice through the snow layer. Hence, the influence of grain size is small but the trend is clearly a drop in total emission as the grain size increases. We find that the role of the volume fraction of snow on emission and scattering is a complex relationship between the number density of scatterers relative to the coherence of this scattering ensemble. At low volume fractions, we find that independent scattering dominates, resulting in an increase in albedo and the extinction coefficient of the snow with frequency. The thermodynamic effects of snow on microwave scattering and emission are driven by the role that thermal diffusivity and conductivity play in the definition of brine volumes at the ice surface and within the snow volume, Prior to the presence of water in liquid phase within the snow volume, we find that the indirect effects are dominated by an impedance matching process across the snow-ice interface. We find that the complex permittivity at the snow-ice interface is considerably higher than over the bare ice surface. Our results showed that only a small change occurs between the cold and warm cases at lower frequencies, but as expected, the change in emissivity is larger at higher frequencies. Once water in liquid phase appears within the snow cover, we find that both emission and scattering are directly affected by the high complex permittivity of this volume fraction within the snow layer. C1 Univ Manitoba, Dept Geog, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada. Univ Texas, Dept Elect Engn, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. Environm Res Inst Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48107 USA. Antarctic CRC & Australian Antarctic Div, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia. USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Barber, DG (reprint author), Univ Manitoba, Dept Geog, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada. EM dbarber@ms.umanitoba.ca NR 20 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0196-2892 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD SEP PY 1998 VL 36 IS 5 BP 1750 EP 1763 DI 10.1109/36.718643 PN 2 PG 14 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 121ZQ UT WOS:000076046300010 ER PT J AU Onstott, RG Gogineni, P Gow, AJ Grenfell, TC Jezek, KC Perovich, DK Swift, CT AF Onstott, RG Gogineni, P Gow, AJ Grenfell, TC Jezek, KC Perovich, DK Swift, CT TI Electromagnetic and physical properties of sea ice formed in the presence of wave action SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE backscatter; electromagnetics; emission; pancake ice; sea ice ID WINTER AB Estimating the magnitude of brine flux to the upper ocean requires an ability to assess the dynamics of the formation of sea ice in a region. Brine storage and rate of expulsion is determined by the environmental conditions under which the sea ice forms. In this paper, the physical and electromagnetic properties of sea ice, formed under wave-agitated conditions, are studied and compared with results obtained from ice formed under quiescent conditions. Wave agitation is known to have a profound effect on the air-ice interface and internal ice structure. A variety of sensors, both active and passive, optical and microwave, were used to perform this characterization. Measured electromagnetic parameters included radar backscatter, microwave emission, and spectral albedo in the visible and infrared. Measured physical properties included ice structure, brine and temperature distribution, profiles of the vertical height of the air-ice interface, and ice formation processes. Results showed that emission, backscatter, and albedo all take different signature paths during the transformation from saline water to young sea ice and that the paths depend on sea surface state during ice formation. C1 Environm Res Inst Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48107 USA. Univ Kansas, Dept Elect Engn, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Ohio State Univ, Byrd Polar Res Ctr, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Microwave Remote Sensing Lab, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP Onstott, RG (reprint author), Environm Res Inst Michigan, POB 8618, Ann Arbor, MI 48107 USA. EM onstott@erim-int.com NR 15 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0196-2892 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD SEP PY 1998 VL 36 IS 5 BP 1764 EP 1783 DI 10.1109/36.718644 PN 2 PG 20 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 121ZQ UT WOS:000076046300011 ER PT J AU Vollaire, C Nicolas, L Connor, KA Salon, SJ Ruth, BG Libelo, LF AF Vollaire, C Nicolas, L Connor, KA Salon, SJ Ruth, BG Libelo, LF TI Microwave radiation from slant cut cylindrical antennas - Modeling an experiment SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th Conference on the Computation of Electromagnetic Fields (COMPUMAG) CY NOV 01-03, 1997 CL RIO JANEIRO, BRAZIL SP IEEE, Univ Sao Paulo, Escola Politecn, Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Univ Fed Santa Catarina, Univ Santa Cecilia, Int Comp Soc, Soc Brasileira Elecromagnet DE microwave antennas; Finite Element methods; parallel algorithms; distributed memory systems ID SCATTERING AB A series of Vlasov-type high power microwave launchers mere investigated with several slant-cut angles. Finite element analysis using parallel computation was performed on a cluster of workstations and compared with low-power measurements made on a variety of such antennas. Good agreement between the main features of the radiation patterns were observed. However, not all details were reproduced. C1 UPRESA, CEGELY, CNRS 5005, F-69131 Ecully, France. Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Troy, NY 12180 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Vollaire, C (reprint author), UPRESA, CEGELY, CNRS 5005, BP 163, F-69131 Ecully, France. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 34 IS 5 BP 2712 EP 2715 DI 10.1109/20.717629 PN 1 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 120MM UT WOS:000075960200076 ER PT J AU Vig, JR Ballato, A AF Vig, JR Ballato, A TI Comments about the effects of nonuniform mass loading on a quartz crystal microbalance SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ULTRASONICS FERROELECTRICS AND FREQUENCY CONTROL LA English DT Letter AB The Sauerbrey equation can yield incorrect results when the mass and amplitude of vibration distributions are not uniform, and when the mass is not attached rigidly. C1 USA, Commun Elect Command, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Vig, JR (reprint author), USA, Commun Elect Command, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. OI Vig, John/0000-0002-2378-0113 NR 7 TC 44 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0885-3010 J9 IEEE T ULTRASON FERR JI IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control PD SEP PY 1998 VL 45 IS 5 BP 1123 EP 1124 DI 10.1109/58.726433 PG 2 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Acoustics; Engineering GA 129WX UT WOS:000076488000001 PM 18244269 ER PT J AU Pierce, DE Kim, Y Vig, JR AF Pierce, DE Kim, Y Vig, JR TI A temperature insensitive quartz microbalance SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ULTRASONICS FERROELECTRICS AND FREQUENCY CONTROL LA English DT Article ID SENSOR; RESONATOR AB Mass deposition onto a microbalance is generally accompanied by a temperature change. By measuring a single frequency only, it is not possible to separate the frequency change due to mass change from that due to temperature change. In the temperature insensitive microbalance technique, measurements of two frequencies, the fundamental mode and third overtone frequencies of an SC-cut resonator, yield two equations with two unknowns. This allows the separation of mass change effects from temperature change effects. Dual mode excitation can be used for highly accurate resonator self-temperature sensing over wide temperature ranges. SC-cut resonators are also thermal transient compensated. These unique properties allowed the development of a temperature compensated microbalance that is highly sensitive to mass changes, which can be used in rapidly changing thermal environments, over wide temperature ranges, and which requires neither temperature control nor a thermometer other than the resonator. To demonstrate the performance of this microbalance, SC-cut resonators were coated with thin polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) photoresist films then placed into a UV-ozone cleaning chamber that initially was at about 20 degrees C. When the UV lamp was turned on, the UV-ozone removed PMMA from the surfaces while the chamber temperature rose to about 60 degrees C. The frequency changes due to mass changes could be accurately determined, independently of the frequency changes due to temperature changes. C1 USA, Res Lab, Natl Res Council, Wayne, NJ 07470 USA. William Patterson Univ, Dept Chem, Wayne, NJ 07470 USA. USA, Commun Elect Command, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Pierce, DE (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Natl Res Council, Wayne, NJ 07470 USA. EM j.vig@ieee.org OI Vig, John/0000-0002-2378-0113 NR 25 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0885-3010 J9 IEEE T ULTRASON FERR JI IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control PD SEP PY 1998 VL 45 IS 5 BP 1238 EP 1245 DI 10.1109/58.726449 PG 8 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Acoustics; Engineering GA 129WX UT WOS:000076488000017 PM 18244285 ER PT J AU Briggs, DD Mollaghasemi, M Sepulveda, JA AF Briggs, DD Mollaghasemi, M Sepulveda, JA TI An automated approach for planning mass tactical airborne operations SO IIE TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Article AB This paper develops an automated approach to plan for mass tactical airborne operations. This proposed tool enables the user to properly load aircraft according to the mission and user specifications, so that the minimum amount of time is required to seize all assigned objectives. The methodology is based on a hybrid approach in which the first portion is a mathematical model that provides the optimal manifest under "perfect conditions". This mathematical model is represented by a transportation network, and can be optimized using a transportation algorithm. The optimum solution from the mathematical model is input to a simulation model that introduces the inherent variability induced by wind conditions, drift, aircraft location and speed, and delays between jumper exit times. The simulation returns the expected, best, and worst arrival times to the assigned objectives. This hybrid approach allows a large problem to be solved efficiently with a great deal of time saving. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Syst Engn, W Point, NY 10996 USA. Univ Cent Florida, Dept Ind Engn & Management Syst, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. RP Briggs, DD (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Syst Engn, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0740-817X J9 IIE TRANS JI IIE Trans. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 30 IS 9 BP 765 EP 772 PG 8 WC Engineering, Industrial; Operations Research & Management Science SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA 167AD UT WOS:000078609600001 ER PT J AU Hartman, AB Venkatesan, MM AF Hartman, AB Venkatesan, MM TI Construction of a stable attenuated Shigella sonnei Delta virG vaccine strain, WRSS1, and protective efficacy and immunogenicity in the guinea pig keratoconjunctivitis model SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; LIVE VACCINE; FLEXNERI; RESISTANCE; PLASMID; CANDIDATE; MUTANT; IDENTIFICATION; IMMUNIZATION; EPIDEMIOLOGY AB Construction of a stable Shigella sonnei vaccine has been complicated by the instability of the virulence phenotype caused by the spontaneous loss of the invasion plasmid. To select a suitable candidate for vaccine construction, 16 S. sonnei strains were screened for stability of the virulence phenotype. A stable strain, S. sonnei Mosely, was selected for further work. p Delta virG2, a deletion derivative of the virG gene in the sacB suicide vector pCVD442, was used to generate an S. sonnei virG deletion strain, WRSS1, which was invasive in HeLa cells but negative in the Sereny test. WRSS1 was found to be both immunogenic and protective in the guinea pig keratoconjunctivitis model. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Enter Infect, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Hartman, AB (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Enter Infect, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM dr._antoinette_hartman@wrsmtp-ccmail.army.mil NR 39 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 66 IS 9 BP 4572 EP 4576 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 113RF UT WOS:000075564500085 PM 9712824 ER PT J AU Arons, EM Colbeck, SC AF Arons, EM Colbeck, SC TI Effective medium approximation for the conductivity of sensible heat in dry-snow SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER LA English DT Article ID THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY; PERCOLATION; MODEL; ICE AB We developed an inductive model for thermal conductivity of sensible heat of deposited snow using random resistance network theory and parametric statistics. The model identifies the geometric quantities that determine this physical property. It allows us to quantitatively link conductivity to natural transformations that are known to change conductivity and increases our ability to test such theories experimentally. We are now able to show how microstructural quantities such as grain size distribution and average coordination number interact with each other to govern conductivity. These results may easily be extended to other porous geological and industrial materials; (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Arons, EM (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 27 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0017-9310 J9 INT J HEAT MASS TRAN JI Int. J. Heat Mass Transf. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 41 IS 17 BP 2653 EP 2666 DI 10.1016/S0017-9310(97)00284-6 PG 14 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Thermodynamics; Engineering; Mechanics GA ZW007 UT WOS:000074364200008 ER PT J AU Knapik, JJ Sharp, MA AF Knapik, JJ Sharp, MA TI Task-specific and generalized physical training for improving manual-material handling capability SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL ERGONOMICS LA English DT Article DE physical fitness; strength; stamina; military personnel; psychomotor learning ID CARDIORESPIRATORY FITNESS; MUSCLE STRENGTH; PROGRAM; EXERCISE; ENDURANCE; HEALTH; INJURIES AB Physical training can be defined as muscular activity designed to enhance the physical capacity of the individual by improving one or more of the components of physical fitness. Components of fitness include muscular strength, muscular endurance, and cardiorespiratory endurance. Studies examining the influence of physical training on manual material handling (MMH) capability can be separated into two categories: those that use the same task for testing and training (task-specific training studies) and those that do not (general training studies). In task-specific training studies, reported relative improvements in maximal symmetric lifting and repetitive lifting are 26-183% and in general training studies, 16-32%. Psychomotor learning probably accounts for a large proportion of performance gains in task-specific training but some localized improvements in muscle activation and hypertrophy also occur. Generalized training studies have exercised more major muscle groups, and more widespread improvements in muscle activation and muscle hypertrophy account for gains here. While both types of physical training are effective, general training may be useful for improving a wide range of MMH tasks, while task-specific training results in larger gains in targeted MMH tasks. Models for both types of training can be derived from examples in the military. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Directorate Epidemiol & Dis Surveillance, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Knapik, JJ (reprint author), USA, Directorate Epidemiol & Dis Surveillance, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 45 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-8141 J9 INT J IND ERGONOM JI Int. J. Ind. Ergon. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 22 IS 3 BP 149 EP 160 DI 10.1016/S0169-8141(97)00003-6 PG 12 WC Engineering, Industrial; Ergonomics SC Engineering GA ZX072 UT WOS:000074476600001 ER PT J AU Asay, KH Johnson, DA Palazzo, AJ AF Asay, KH Johnson, DA Palazzo, AJ TI Parent-progeny relationships for carbon isotope discrimination and related characters in crested wheatgrass SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLANT SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID WATER-USE EFFICIENCY; COOL-SEASON GRASSES; GAS-EXCHANGE; PLANT; SELECTION; DIOXIDE; ALFALFA; LEAVES AB Improved cultivars of perennial grasses developed for natural resource conservation and forage production on semiarid rangelands of western North America must persist under extreme environmental stress and make efficient use of limited water resources. A close negative relationship has been documented between carbon isotope discrimination (Delta) and water use efficiency (WUE) in temperate (C-3) grasses, and preliminary evidence indicates that a would be a promising indirect selection criterion to improve WUE in crested wheatgrass, Agropyron cristatum (L.) Gaertner and Agropvuon desertorum (Fisch. ex Link) Schultes, a widely used grass on semiarid rangelands. We determined the magnitude of genetic variability and parent-progeny relationships for Delta and the correlation of this attribute with forage yield in a genetically broad-based crested wheatgrass breeding population. Significant differences (P < 0.01) were found among clonal and progeny lines for Delta of the leaves and seeds. Broad-sense heritability values for leaf and seed Delta computed on a mean basis across two years exceeded 90%. Narrow-sense heritability for leaf Delta based on parent-progeny regression analysis across two years, was 60%. Broad- and narrow-sense heritability values for dry matter yield (DMY) were substantially less than the corresponding values for Delta. The correlations between Delta and DMY were generally low and nonsignificant. These data confirm earlier, preliminary conclusions that selection for Delta to improve WUE would be a worthy breeding objective in crested wheatgrass and that genetic advances in Delta and DMY could be achieved concurrently. C1 Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Asay, KH (reprint author), Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. NR 25 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5801 S ELLIS AVENUE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 USA SN 1058-5893 J9 INT J PLANT SCI JI Int. J. Plant Sci. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 159 IS 5 BP 821 EP 825 DI 10.1086/297602 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 127JL UT WOS:000076347300017 ER PT J AU Robinson, KW Leishman, JG AF Robinson, KW Leishman, JG TI Effects of ballistic damage on the aerodynamics of helicopter rotor airfoils SO JOURNAL OF AIRCRAFT LA English DT Article AB Experiments were conducted to estimate the effects of ballistic damage on the aerodynamics of helicopter rotor airfoil sections. The lift, pitching moment, and drag were measured on nominally two-dimensional blade specimens with representative prescribed and actual ballistic damage. The measurements were made at chord Reynolds numbers between 1 x 10(6) and 3 x 10(6) and Mach numbers up to 0.28. Force balance measurements were complemented by chordwise and spanwise pressure measurements to assess the three-dimensional nature of damage on the aerodynamics. The quantitative data were supplemented by surface oil-now visualization, Generally, it was found that ballistic damage degraded the aerodynamic performance of the blade specimens, with a reduction in lift accompanied by significant increase in drag and change in the center of pressure. However, in some cases significant damage produced surprisingly mild effects. The results are useful in helping to model and assess the overall vulnerability of helicopters to ballistic damage. C1 Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Robinson, KW (reprint author), Off Assistant Secretary Army Res Dev & Acquisit, Washington, DC USA. NR 17 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0021-8669 J9 J AIRCRAFT JI J. Aircr. PD SEP-OCT PY 1998 VL 35 IS 5 BP 695 EP 703 DI 10.2514/2.2379 PG 9 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 129UP UT WOS:000076482300005 ER PT J AU Wolfel, EE Selland, MA Cymerman, A Brooks, GA Butterfield, GE Mazzeo, RS Grover, RF Reeves, JT AF Wolfel, EE Selland, MA Cymerman, A Brooks, GA Butterfield, GE Mazzeo, RS Grover, RF Reeves, JT TI O-2 extraction maintains O-2 uptake during submaximal exercise with beta-adrenergic blockade at 4,300 m SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE high altitude; oxygen transport ID OPERATION EVEREST-II; HIGH-ALTITUDE; CHRONIC HYPOXIA; OXYGEN-TRANSPORT; CATECHOLAMINE RESPONSES; SIMULATED ALTITUDE; MAXIMAL EXERCISE; NORMAL MEN; PROPRANOLOL; ACCLIMATIZATION AB Whole body O-2 uptake ((V) over dot O-2) during maximal and submaximal exercise has been shown to be preserved in the setting of beta-adrenergic blockade at high altitude, despite marked reductions in heart rate during exercise. An increase in stroke volume at high altitude has been suggested as the mechanism that preserves systemic O-2 delivery (blood flow x arterial O-2 content) and thereby maintains (V) over dot O-2 at sea-level values. To test this hypothesis, we studied the effects of nonselective beta-adrenergic blockade on submaximal exercise performance in 11 normal men (26 +/- 1 yr)at sea level and on arrival and after 21 days at 4,300 m. Six subjects received propranolol (240 mg/day), and five subjects received placebo. At sea level, during submaximal exercise, cardiac output and O-2 delivery were significantly lower in propranolol- than in placebo-treated subjects. Increases in stroke volume and (V) over dot O-2 extraction were responsible for the maintenance of (V) over dto O-2. At 4,300 m, beta-adrenergic blockade had no significant effect on (V) over dot O-2, ventilation, alveolar PO2, and arterial blood gases during submaximal exercise. Despite increases in stroke volume, cardiac output and thereby O-2 delivery were still reduced in propranolol-treated subjects compared with subjects treated with placebo. Further reductions in already low levels of mixed venous Oz saturation were responsible for the maintenance of (V) over dot O-2 on arrival and after 21 days at 4,300 m in prppranolol-treated subjects. Despite similar workloads and Vet, propranolol-treated subjects exercised at greater perceived intensity than subjects given placebo at 4,300 m. The values for mixed venous O-2 saturation during submaximal exercise in propranolol-treated subjects at 4,300 m approached those reported at simulated altitudes >8,000 m. Thus beta-adrenergic blockade at 4,300 m results in significant reduction in O-2 delivery during submaximal exercise due to incomplete compensation by stroke volume for the reduction in exercise heart rate. Total body (V) over dot O-2 is maintained at a constant level by an interaction between mixed venous O-2 saturation, the arterial O-2-carrying capacity, and hemodynamics during exercise with acute and chronic hypoxia. C1 Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Cardiol B130, Cardiovasc Pulm Res Lab, Denver, CO 80262 USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Vet Affairs Hlth Care Syst, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. RP Wolfel, EE (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Cardiol B130, Cardiovasc Pulm Res Lab, 4200 E 9th Ave, Denver, CO 80262 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-46481, HL-14985] NR 36 TC 30 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 85 IS 3 BP 1092 EP 1102 PG 11 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 117KY UT WOS:000075781500042 PM 9729588 ER PT J AU Sciuto, AM Strickland, PT Gurtner, GH AF Sciuto, AM Strickland, PT Gurtner, GH TI Post-exposure treatment with isoproterenol attenuates pulmonary edema in phosgene-exposed rabbits SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE isoproterenol; phosgene; protective mechanism; intravascular treatment; intratracheal treatment ID BETA-ADRENERGIC AGONISTS; HIGH-LEVEL EXPOSURE; ACUTE LUNG INJURY; SMOOTH-MUSCLE; CYCLIC-AMP; RAT LUNGS; AMINOPHYLLINE; PERMEABILITY; CELL; LEUKOTRIENES AB This study investigated the post-treatment effect of isoproterenol (ISO) on pulmonary parameters in rabbits whole-body-exposed to a lethal dose of the toxic gas phosgene, Phosgene is widely used in industry as a chemical intermediate for the production of plastics, drugs and polyurethane products. The results of this study are from five study groups: Id-min perfused baseline; uninjured controls exposed to air; phosgene-exposed; phosgene-exposed isoproterenol-treated intravascularly and intratracheally (ISO IV+IT); and phosgene-exposed isoproterenol-treated intratracheally (ISO IT). Treatment with ISO was administered as either a continuous intravascular infusion (24 mu g min(-1)) from the beginning to end of perfusion (IV) and a 24-mu g intratracheal bolus (IT) or just an IT bolus immediately prior to the start of perfusion. Rabbits of 2.5-3 kg were exposed to a cumulative dose of phosgene to attain a concentration X time exposure-effect of 1500 ppm.min. Lungs were isolated in situ and perfused 50-60 min after the start of exposure with Krebs-Henseleit buffer at 40 ml.min(-1). Pulmonary artery pressure (Ppa), tracheal pressure (Pt) and lung weight gain (lwg) were continuously measured. Leukotrienes (LT) C-4/D-4/E-4 were measured in the perfusate every 20 min during perfusion. At the immediate conclusion of the experiment, lung tissue was frozen in liquid N-2 and analyzed for glutathione (GSH) and cyclic 3',5'-adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), Post-treatment with ISO by either IV+IT or IT routes 50+ min after phosgene exposure significantly lowered Ppa, Pt and lwg, Phosgene-exposed rabbits post-treated with ISO IT had significantly higher levels of reduced GSH (3 +/- 0.4 nmol mg(-1) protein), GSR/GSSG ratios (3.3 +/- 0.6 nmol mg(-1) protein) and percentage of total as reduced GSH (75 +/- 2.5%) compared with phosgene-exposed rabbits: 1.9 +/- 0.3, 2 +/- 0.3 and 58 +/- 6.3%, respectively. The ISO (IV+IT) post-treatment route significantly increased reduced GSH (6.2 +/- 1.7 nmol mg(-1) protein), GSH/GSSG ratio (5.9 +/- 0.8 nmol mg(-1) protein) and percentage of total as reduced GSH (85 +/- 1.7%) when compared to the phosgene-only group. The ISO IT and ISO IV+IT treatments significantly reduced perfusate LTC4/D-4/E-4 150 min after the start of exposure by 90% and 48%, respectively. These data suggest that protective mechanisms for ISO involve reduced vascular pressure, decreased LTC4/D-4/E-4-mediated pulmonary capillary permeability and a favorable lung tissue redox state compared with untreated phosgene-exposed rabbits. (C) 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Neurotoxicol Branch, Div Pharmacol, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Hyg & Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Div Occupat Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. New York Med Coll, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Valhalla, NY 10595 USA. RP Sciuto, AM (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Neurotoxicol Branch, Div Pharmacol, 3100 Ricketts Point Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. FU NIEHS NIH HHS [P30-ES03819] NR 48 TC 10 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 0260-437X J9 J APPL TOXICOL JI J. Appl. Toxicol. PD SEP-OCT PY 1998 VL 18 IS 5 BP 321 EP 329 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1263(1998090)18:5<321::AID-JAT516>3.0.CO;2-4 PG 9 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 128WW UT WOS:000076432200005 PM 9804432 ER PT J AU Chang, FCT Gouty, SC Eder, LC Hoffman, BE Maxwell, DM Brecht, KM AF Chang, FCT Gouty, SC Eder, LC Hoffman, BE Maxwell, DM Brecht, KM TI Cardiorespiratory effects of O-isobutyl S-[2-(diethylamino)-ethyl]methylphosphonothioate - A structural isomer of VX SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE respiration; cardiovascular function; novel chemical warfare agent; VX isomer; acetylcholinesterase inhibitor; guinea pigs ID ANESTHETIZED GUINEA-PIGS; NERVE AGENTS; SOMAN; URETHANE; INTOXICATION; ATROPINE AB O-Isobutyl S-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]methylphosphonothioate (VR) is a structural isomer of a more well-known chemical warefare agent, O-ethyl S-[2(diisopropylamino)ethyl]methylphosphonothioate (code designation VX). In this study, cardiorespiratory and central nervous system (CNS) effects of VR (2LD(50) or 22.6 mu g kg(-1); s.c.) were evaluated in urethane-anesthetized (Group 1) and unanesthetized (Group 2) guinea pigs instrumented for concurrent recordings of electrocorticogram (ECoG) and a variety of cardiorespiratory activities. The first sign of intoxication was a state of progressive bradycardia, vascular hypotension and arrhythmia (Group 1, similar to 13 min post-VR; Group 2, similar to 6 min post-VR). Bradypnea, excessive salivation and compensatory changes in blood pressure typically did not emerge until 3-5 min prior to apnea (Group 1, similar to 28 min post-VR; Group 2, similar to 15 min post-VR). An idioventricular rhythm, which signalled a failing myocardium, appeared at the same time or shortly after the development of a bradypneic profile. Another notable toxicity component of VR, based on arterial pH, pO(2)/pCO(2) and bicarbonate (HCO3-) level data, was a state of combined hypercapnia, acidemia and hypoxemia during the development of bradypnea. Taken together, findings from this study indicated that changes in medullary respiratory unit activity and ECoG data displayed little, if any, notable signs of CNS perturbation prior to the terminal stage (similar to 1 min prior to respiratory failure). Thus, in addition to displaying a greater sensitivity to perturbation by VR, the peripheral cardiorespiratory system components also appeared to play a more important role in precipitating a progressively dysfunctional cardiorespiratory status that ultimately led to collapse of central respiratory mechanisms and death. (C) 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Neurotoxicol Branch, Div Pharmacol, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Chang, FCT (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Neurotoxicol Branch, Div Pharmacol, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 33 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 10 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 0260-437X J9 J APPL TOXICOL JI J. Appl. Toxicol. PD SEP-OCT PY 1998 VL 18 IS 5 BP 337 EP 347 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1263(1998090)18:5<337::AID-JAT518>3.3.CO;2-7 PG 11 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 128WW UT WOS:000076432200007 PM 9804434 ER PT J AU Olajos, EJ Morgan, EW Renne, RA Salem, H McVeety, B Johnson, R Phelps, RL AF Olajos, EJ Morgan, EW Renne, RA Salem, H McVeety, B Johnson, R Phelps, RL TI Acute inhalation toxicity of neutralized chemical agent identification sets (CAIS) containing agent in chloroform SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE inhalation toxicity; head-only; acute toxicity; rat; blistering agents; Chemical Agent Identification Sets (CAIS); Rapid Response System (RRS); sulfur mustard (HD); nitrogen mustard (HN-1); lewisite (L); chemical neutralization AB An acute head-only inhalation study was conducted in rats exposed for Ih to product solution (wastestream) resultant from the chemical neutralization of Chemical Agent Identification Sets (CAIS) containing agent (sulfur mustard (HD), nitrogen mustard (HN-1) or lewisite (L)) in chloroform. Groups of Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to varying concentrations (24 000, 18 000, 12 000 or 6000 ppm) of CAIS wastestream An additional group was exposed to the vehicle (chloroform/t-butanol) only, at a concentration equivalent to the concentration of vehicle at the highest exposure level, Animals were evaluated for toxic effects, including assessment of toxicant-induced alterations to the ocular and respiratory systems, Mortality on exposure to 24 000 ppm of test article or to vehicle alone was high. Mortality in the other exposure groups was roughly proportional to the concentration of test article (wastestream), Toxic signs were consistent with exposure to solvent system components (chloroform/t-butanol) and to agent decomposition products/by-products. Incidence and severity of ocular effects were similar in vehicle control and treatment groups. The salient respiratory effect observed was a decreased minute volume, which was also noted in vehicle and treatment groups. (C) 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 USA, Edgewood Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Chem & Biol Def Command, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Pacific NW Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Olajos, EJ (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Chem & Biol Def Command, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 24 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 0260-437X J9 J APPL TOXICOL JI J. Appl. Toxicol. PD SEP-OCT PY 1998 VL 18 IS 5 BP 363 EP 371 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1263(1998090)18:5<363::AID-JAT521>3.0.CO;2-8 PG 9 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 128WW UT WOS:000076432200010 PM 9804437 ER PT J AU Gordon, M Greenfield, E Marvin, J Hester, C Lauterbach, S AF Gordon, M Greenfield, E Marvin, J Hester, C Lauterbach, S TI Use of pain assessment tools: Is there a preference! SO JOURNAL OF BURN CARE & REHABILITATION LA English DT Article ID MINI-MENTAL-STATE AB The burn nursing Delphi study identified pain management as the most important area of burn nursing research. The question, "What is the best method to measure the pain of the patient with burns.," ranked in the top 10% of the nursing research priorities and is the research question of this study. The most commonly used pain assessment tools were determined in a 1994 survey of burn centers. Of those that responded, 67% used the Visual Analog Scale and 43% used an adjective scale. Forty patients were enrolled in this prospective, multicenter study. Visual analog and color scales were used during a 3-day cycle and word and faces scales were used during another 3-day cycle. Pain levels were assessed twice each day, once during a quiet time and then again immediately after a painful activity. At the end of each S-day cycle the patient was asked which tool he or she preferred. At the completion of the study period the patient was asked to select the overall most preferred tool for pain assessment. Although this study indicates that patients prefer the faces and color scales to the most commonly used visual analog and adjective scales, further research is needed to determine the potential impact of preferred tools on pain intervention. The results may also lead burn centers to re-evaluate current selection of pain assessment tools. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Shriners Burn Inst, Galveston, TX 77550 USA. Univ Hosp Lubbock, Lubbock, TX USA. Parkland Mem Hosp & Affiliated Inst, Dallas, TX 75235 USA. RP Gordon, M (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3400 Rawley,E Chambers Ave, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 6 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0273-8481 J9 J BURN CARE REHABIL JI J. Burn Care Rehabil. PD SEP-OCT PY 1998 VL 19 IS 5 BP 451 EP 454 DI 10.1097/00004630-199809000-00018 PG 4 WC Emergency Medicine; Rehabilitation; Surgery SC Emergency Medicine; Rehabilitation; Surgery GA 125AH UT WOS:000076214900016 PM 9789182 ER PT J AU Vaughn, DW AF Vaughn, DW TI Serological investigation of a febrile outbreak in Delhi, India, using a rapid immunochromatographic test - Author's reply SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Virus Dis, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Vaughn, DW (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Virus Dis, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 2 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 36 IS 9 BP 2795 EP 2796 PG 2 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 111CY UT WOS:000075420800085 PM 9742015 ER PT J AU Rowinsky, EK Smith, L Wang, YM Chaturvedi, P Villalona, M Campbell, E Aylesworth, C Eckhardt, SG Hammond, L Kraynak, M Drengler, R Stephenson, J Harding, MW Von Hoff, DD AF Rowinsky, EK Smith, L Wang, YM Chaturvedi, P Villalona, M Campbell, E Aylesworth, C Eckhardt, SG Hammond, L Kraynak, M Drengler, R Stephenson, J Harding, MW Von Hoff, DD TI Phase I and pharmacokinetic study of paclitaxel in combination with biricodar, a novel agent that reverses multidrug resistance conferred by overexpression of both MDR1 and MRP SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article ID METASTATIC BREAST-CANCER; P-GLYCOPROTEIN EXPRESSION; OVARIAN-CANCER; CELLULAR ACCUMULATION; 3-HOUR INFUSION; PLASMA-MEMBRANE; LEUKEMIA-CELLS; DRUG-EFFLUX; LUNG-CANCER; TUMOR-CELLS AB Purpose: To evaluate the feasibility of administering biricodar (VX-710; Incel, Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc, Cambridge, MA), an agent that modulates multidrug resistance (MDR) conferred by overexpression of both the multidrug resistance gene product (MDR1) P-glycoprotein and the MDR associated protein (MRP) in vitro, in combination with paclitaxel. The study also sought to determine the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD) of paclitaxel that could be administered with biologically relevant concentrations of VX-710 and characterize the toxicologic and pharmacologic profiles of the VX-710/paclitaxel regimen. Patients and Methods: Patients with solid malignancies were initially treated with VX-710 as a 24-hour infusion at doses that ranged from 10 to 120 mg/m(2) per hour After a 5-day washout period, patients were re-treated with VX-710 on an identical dose schedule followed 8 hours later by paclitaxel as a 3-hour infusion at doses that ranged from 20 to 80 mg/m(2). The pharmacokinetics of both VX-710 and paclitaxel were studied during treatment with VX-710 alone and VX-710 and paclitaxel. Thereafter, patients received VX-710 and paclitaxel every 3 weeks. Results: VX-710 alone produced minimal toxicity. The toxicologic profile of the VX-710/paclitaxel regimen was similar to that reported with paclitaxel alone; neutropenia that was noncumulative was the principal dose-limiting toxicity (DLT). The MTD levels of VX-710/paclitaxel were 120 mg/m(2) per hour and 60 mg/m(2), respectively, in heavily pretreated patients and 120/60 to 80 mg/m(2) per hour in less heavily pretreated patients. At these dose levels, VX-710 steady state plasma concentrations (C-55) ranged from 2.68 to 4.89 mu g/mL, which exceeded optimal VX-710 concentrations required for MDR reversal in vitro. The pharmacokinetics of VX-710 were dose independent and not influenced by paclitaxel. In contrast, VX-710 reduced paclitaxel clearance. At the two highest dose levels, which consisted of VX-710 120 mg/m(2) per hour and paclitaxel 60 and 80 mg/m(2), pertinent pharacokinetic determinants of paclitaxel effect were similar to those achieved with paclitaxel as a 3-hour infusion at doses of 135 and 175 mg/m(2), respectively. Conclusion: VX-710 alone is associated with minimal toxicity. In combination with paclitaxel, biologically relevant VX-710 plasma concentrations are achieved and sustained for 24 hours, which simulates optimal pharmacologic conditions required for MDR reversal in vitro. The acceptable toxicity profile of the VX-710/paclitaxel combination and the demonstration that optimal pharmacologic conditions for MDR reversal are achievable support a rationale for further trials of VX-710/paclitaxel in patients with malignancies that are associated with de nova or acquired resistance to paclitaxel caused by overexpression of Mop I and/or MRP. J Clin Oncol 16:2964-2976. (C) 1998 by American Society of Clinical Oncology. C1 Canc Therapy & Res Ctr S Texas, Inst Drug Dev, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Vertex Pharmaceut Inc, Cambridge, MA USA. RP Rowinsky, EK (reprint author), Canc Therapy & Res Ctr S Texas, Inst Drug Dev, 8829 Datapoint Dr,Suite 700, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. EM erowinsk@saci.org NR 64 TC 111 Z9 115 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL ONCOLOGY PI ALEXANDRIA PA 2318 MILL ROAD, STE 800, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0732-183X EI 1527-7755 J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 16 IS 9 BP 2964 EP 2976 PG 13 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 116PY UT WOS:000075734800011 PM 9738565 ER PT J AU Byrd, JC Weiss, RB AF Byrd, JC Weiss, RB TI Fludarabine and hemolytic anemia in chronic lymphocytic leukemia - Reply SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Georgetown Univ, Med Ctr, Lombardi Canc Ctr, Washington, DC 20007 USA. RP Byrd, JC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0732-183X J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 16 IS 9 BP 3210 EP 3210 PG 1 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 116PY UT WOS:000075734800051 ER PT J AU James, LC Folen, RA Noce, MA AF James, LC Folen, RA Noce, MA TI A healthy lifestyle program for the treatment of obesity in minority men SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY IN MEDICAL SETTINGS LA English DT Article DE healthy lifestyle; obesity; nutrition; minorities ID WEIGHT CONTROL; BLACKS; POPULATIONS AB Historically, minority males have had limited success in programs designed to reduce weight. Twenty-five obese minority males participated in a healthy lifestyle program designed to treat essential hypertension, hyperlipidemia, type II diabetes, obesity, and hypothyroidism Coined the LE(3)AN Lifestyle Program (emphasizing healthy lifestyles, realistic exercise, reasonable expectations and emotions, attitudes, and nutrition), the program offered a treatment model that involved reasonable low-intensity short exercise regimens, instruction, and extensive practice in making healthy food choices, behavior modification and self-monitoring techniques coupled with guidance on realistic weight loss and exercise expectations The participants were able to lose 13 lb during the inpatient plus day treatment phases of the program and continued to maintain a 19-lb weight loss at 12 months. A program overview, case examples, and suggestions to improve outcome efficacy with difficult to manage obese, minority, male patients are provided. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Psychol, Hlth Psychol Fellowship Program, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Psychol, Behav Med & Hlth Psychol Serv, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Family Practice, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP James, LC (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Psychol, Hlth Psychol Fellowship Program, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1068-9583 J9 J CLIN PSYCHOL MED S JI J. Clin. Psychol. Med. Settings PD SEP PY 1998 VL 5 IS 3 BP 259 EP 273 DI 10.1023/A:1026250019031 PG 15 WC Psychology, Clinical SC Psychology GA 126PA UT WOS:000076301400004 ER PT J AU Walton, TL AF Walton, TL TI Least squares filtering to assess shoreline change signatures SO JOURNAL OF COASTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE accretion; beaches; beach width; erosion; mapping; natural system variability; nonstationarity; numerical filtering; shoreline change; spatial change; surveying; temporal change AB This paper discusses an approach to spatial shoreline change rate filtering to effectively improve interpretation of natural shoreline changes and to assist in delineating between human-induced shoreline change and natural fluctuation of the shoreline. A least squares spatial filter method is applied along a section of shoreline in Brevard County, Florida, U.S.A., to assist in assessing effects of a man-made navigation project upon adjacent downdrift shoreline. Results of application of the technique are discussed. Methods utilized by others for temporal and spatial smoothing of shoreline change are also noted. C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Walton, TL (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU COASTAL EDUCATION & RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0749-0208 J9 J COASTAL RES JI J. Coast. Res. PD FAL PY 1998 VL 14 IS 4 BP 1225 EP 1230 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA 136VY UT WOS:000076880900004 ER PT J AU Ward, DL Wibner, CG Zhang, J AF Ward, DL Wibner, CG Zhang, J TI Runup on coastal revetments under the influence of onshore wind SO JOURNAL OF COASTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE coastal engineering; coastal structures; physical model; none ID CAPILLARY WAVES; GRAVITY AB Height of maximum wave runup on coastal structures is typically calculated directly or indirectly from small-scale physical model tests. These tests are conducted in the absence of wind, although strong onshore winds are typically associated with design storms. To study the effects of onshore winds on runup elevations, a series of physical model tests has been conducted in a combined wind/wave flume at Texas A&M University. Low wind speeds were seen to have little effect on runup elevations, but higher wind speeds significantly increased runup elevations on both smooth and rough slopes. Wind effects were greater on steep slopes than on shallow slopes, and greater on smooth slopes than on rough slopes. Various mechanisms by which wind may affect runup are discussed. C1 USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Aker Omega Inc, Houston, TX 77079 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Ocean Engn Program, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Ward, DL (reprint author), USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, CN-S,3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU COASTAL EDUCATION & RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0749-0208 J9 J COASTAL RES JI J. Coast. Res. PD FAL PY 1998 VL 14 IS 4 BP 1325 EP 1333 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA 136VY UT WOS:000076880900015 ER PT J AU Li, YG Parchure, TM AF Li, YG Parchure, TM TI Mudbanks of the southwest coast of India. VI: Suspended sediment profiles SO JOURNAL OF COASTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE cohesive sediment; fluid mud; Kerala; lutocline; monsoon; rheology; sediment entrainment; sediment resuspension; sediment settling; wave damping; wave-mud interaction ID UPPER CHESAPEAKE BAY; MUD; EROSION AB Physical factors influencing suspended fine sediment loads in the region of mudbanks off Alleppey on the southwest coast of India are examined. Sediment dynamics of mudbanks is known to be predominantly governed by waves, and suspended sediment concentration in this area is closely correlated to local entrainment and settling fluxes due to waves, which at times are modulated by effects of weak currents. A simple, semi-empirical model that accounts for the vertical fluxes of fine, cohesive sediment in water and across the water-fluid mud interface due to waves and a weak current has been formulated to simulate suspension concentration profiles. The model is initially tested against laboratory flume data on wave-induced entrainment of muds, which shows the importance of mud rheology in governing resuspension. The model is then used to simulate suspended sediment concentration profiles measured near the Alleppey Pier under monsoonal waves that create mudbanks close to shoreline. Profiles are generated to represent five documented stages of mudbank evolution from formation to dissipation. Because the field data are very sparse in terms of spatial and temporal coverage, only a limited comparison of model and field is achieved. In spite of this limitation, the exercise shows that it should be possible to obtain reasonably reliable site-specific results on predicted profiles of suspended sediment over mudbanks, provided adequate field data are available for selecting representative values of the empirical parameters for calibration of the model. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Coastal & Oceanog Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. USA, Waterways Expt Stn, Hydraul Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Li, YG (reprint author), Moffatt & Nichol Engn, Long Beach, CA 90807 USA. NR 41 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU COASTAL EDUCATION & RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0749-0208 J9 J COASTAL RES JI J. Coast. Res. PD FAL PY 1998 VL 14 IS 4 BP 1363 EP 1372 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA 136VY UT WOS:000076880900020 ER PT J AU Tatinclaux, JC AF Tatinclaux, JC TI Recent progress in river ice engineering research at CRREL SO JOURNAL OF COLD REGIONS ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID JAMS AB This paper reviews and summarizes the results of the research and development efforts in river ice engineering conducted at the U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory over the past decade and their applications to the Civil Works mission of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. Topics covered include winter operation of navigation projects on the major northern U.S. waterways; river ice processes, namely ice transport and accumulation; ice jam documentation, prediction, and mitigation; and bed and bank erosion due to ice. The paper concludes with a brief discussion of future challenges and areas of needed research in river ice engineering. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Ice Engrg Res Div, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Tatinclaux, JC (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Ice Engrg Res Div, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 52 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 USA SN 0887-381X J9 J COLD REG ENG JI J. Cold Reg. Eng. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 12 IS 3 BP 114 EP 137 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0887-381X(1998)12:3(114) PG 24 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA 113TV UT WOS:000075569200002 ER PT J AU Janoo, VC Berg, RL AF Janoo, VC Berg, RL TI PCC airfield pavement response during thaw-weakening periods SO JOURNAL OF COLD REGIONS ENGINEERING LA English DT Article AB A field study was performed at two regional airports in Wisconsin during spring thaw to determine its effects on portland cement concrete (PCC) ah-port pavements. This study was part of a research program to model the performance of airfield pavements for the Federal Aviation Administration. Subsurface temperature and falling weight deflection measurements of the pavement structures were taken at both airports and used to calculate the frost penetration depths, the changes in bearing capacity, and the joint and load transfer efficiencies. This paper summarizes the findings of this study and includes several relationships between various engineering properties of the subsurface layers below the PCC layer, along with a procedure for evaluating pavement performance using falling weight deflection data for PCC pavements during spring thaw. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. FROST Assoc, W Lebanon, NH 03784 USA. RP Janoo, VC (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 USA SN 0887-381X J9 J COLD REG ENG JI J. Cold Reg. Eng. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 12 IS 3 BP 138 EP 151 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0887-381X(1998)12:3(138) PG 14 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA 113TV UT WOS:000075569200003 ER PT J AU Streever, WJ Callaghan-Perry, M Searles, A Stevens, T Svoboda, P AF Streever, WJ Callaghan-Perry, M Searles, A Stevens, T Svoboda, P TI Public attitudes and values for wetland conservation in New South Wales, Australia SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE conservation; non-use values; valuation; wetlands; willingness-to-pay; New England; New South Wales; Australia AB This study, modeled after a study conducted in the New England region of the United States, estimates a willingness-to-pay value and examines attitudes about wetland conservation in New South Wales, Australia. Respondents to a questionnaire survey indicated a median willingness-to-pay of A$100 (A$=Australian dollars) (upper quartile=A$150, lower quartile=A$50) per household per year for 5 years and a mean of A$124.37 (95%Cl=A$107.49-141.24). A conservative estimate of the aggregate value of wetlands in New South Wales, based on willingness-to-pay values reported by respondents and assuming that nonrespondents are not willing to pay for wetland conservation, is A$38 million per year for the next 5 years. In absolute terms, willingness-to-pay in New South Wales was somewhat lower than that of New England, but when compared as a fraction of the gross domestic product for Australia and the United States, willingness-to-pay was slightly higher in New South Wales. Over 90% of respondents considered the intrinsic value of wetlands and the importance of conserving wetlands for future generations when answering questions about willingness-to-pay. (C) 1998 Academic Press. C1 Univ Newcastle, Dept Biol Sci, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia. Hunter Valley Res Fdn, Hamilton, NSW 2303, Australia. Univ Massachusetts, Dept Resource Econ, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. Kooragang Wetland Rehabil Project, Wallsend, NSW 2287, Australia. RP Streever, WJ (reprint author), USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, CEWES, W,ER, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 30 TC 26 Z9 30 U1 2 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0301-4797 EI 1095-8630 J9 J ENVIRON MANAGE JI J. Environ. Manage. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 54 IS 1 BP 1 EP 14 DI 10.1006/jema.1998.0224 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 127ZU UT WOS:000076381400001 ER PT J AU Butkus, MA Grasso, D Schulthess, CP Wijnja, H AF Butkus, MA Grasso, D Schulthess, CP Wijnja, H TI Surface complexation modeling of phosphate adsorption by water treatment residual SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID HYDROUS FERRIC-OXIDE; INORGANIC-PHOSPHATE; IRON-OXIDES; SORPTION; GOETHITE; SOILS; ALUMINUM; HYDROXIDES; INTERFACE; GIBBSITE AB Use of water treatment plant residuals (WTR), as a soil amendment is a promising alternative to landfill disposal. Unfortunately, WTR has a propensity to bind with phosphate, which is an important plant nutrient. Phosphate may be added to WTR prior to soil application. This type of pretreatment may convert WTR from a phosphate consumer to a phosphate supplier. The binding of phosphate to WTR is typically attributed to surface complexation with metal oxides. However, attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) data and phosphate-WTR adsorption equilibrium data indicate that phosphate also binds to a cationic polyelectrolyte that is added during water treatment processes. Using the FITEQL optimization program, equilibrium constants and total number of surface sites were determined for the polymer. Results from the FITEQL optimization were used to model binding of phosphate by cationic polymer. Binding of phosphate by hydrous ferric oxide was modeled using a diffuse double layer model, which included surface precipitation (MICROQL). The model was validated through the use of phosphate equilibrium partitioning data at pH values of 6 and 8. The model predicted that a significant fraction of phosphate adsorbed onto WTR is associated with the cationic polymer. C1 Univ Connecticut, Environm Engn Program, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. Univ Connecticut, Dept Plant Sci, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Geog & Environm Engn, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Grasso, D (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Environm Engn Program, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. EM grasso@eng2.uconn.edu RI Grasso, Domenico/D-9314-2011 NR 49 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 EI 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD SEP-OCT PY 1998 VL 27 IS 5 BP 1055 EP 1063 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 122EU UT WOS:000076059600009 ER PT J AU Williams, AE Johnson, JA Lund, LJ Kabala, ZJ AF Williams, AE Johnson, JA Lund, LJ Kabala, ZJ TI Spatial and temporal variations in nitrate contamination of a rural aquifer, California SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID SEPTIC SYSTEMS AB The quality of groundwater in the Sierra Pelona watershed, California is examined as an example of a small rural groundwater basin in a mountainous area of arid climate. Water quality in this region has been seriously impacted by nitrate (NO3) contamination with 42% of wells sampled exceeding the EPA public drinking water maximum contaminant level (MCL) of 10 mg/L as NO3-N at some point during 1992-1993. High NO3-N concentrations reported from this region suggest degradation of water quality due to anthropogenic activity. Dissolved ion concentrations, particularly NO3, chloride and calcium varied radically in 55% of well waters sampled prior to, following, and months after an unusually wet winter. Our extensive well sampling program, chemical results and delineation of spatial and temporal NO3-N variation allow us to constrain possible contamination sources and transport mechanisms active in the Sierra Pelona basin. The spatial distribution and temporal variability of NO3 indicate three patterns of contamination: ii) isolated wells impacted by numerous, localized NO3 sources which erratically affect a single well without significantly contaminating neighboring ones; iii) a tight cluster of wells, unusually low in other ions but consistently high in NO3; (iii) moderate and generally consistent NO3 concentrations, found over a large, diffuse region of the Sierra Pelona alluvial aquifer. An understanding of the differing NO3 source(s) and contamination models) that contribute to these observed contaminant patterns is critical to development and success of any strategy for contaminant mitigation and/or remediation. C1 Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Earth Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Planning Div, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Soil & Environm Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Duke Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Durham, NC 27708 USA. RP Williams, AE (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Earth Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. NR 19 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD SEP-OCT PY 1998 VL 27 IS 5 BP 1147 EP 1157 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 122EU UT WOS:000076059600020 ER PT J AU Koryak, M Stafford, LJ Reilly, RJ Hoskin, RH Haberman, MH AF Koryak, M Stafford, LJ Reilly, RJ Hoskin, RH Haberman, MH TI The impact of airport deicing runoff on water quality and aquatic life in a Pennsylvania stream SO JOURNAL OF FRESHWATER ECOLOGY LA English DT Article AB The impacts of a large airport on the water quality and aquatic life of a small (94.8 km(2) drainage area) western Pennsylvania stream were examined. The principal adverse effects of airport runoff were related to runway deicing operations. Microbial metabolism of glycols and urea utilized as deicing reagents exerted a strong biochemical oxygen demand in receiving waters. Similarly, the breakdown of urea led to elevated concentrations of ammonia. The use of alkaline mill slag as a fill material in the construction of the runways was probably responsible for some elevated alkalinity and pH values from runway leachates. The organic waste load stimulated the growth of dense biological slimes on streambeds, invertebrate communities in waters influenced by airport runoff were severely stressed and dominated by pollution tolerant Chironomidae and Oligochaeta. The fishery of the watershed was also impaired, although transient fishes from the nearby Ohio River apparently reinvaded the stream at certain times of the year. C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Pittsburgh, PA 15222 USA. RP Koryak, M (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, Pittsburgh, PA 15222 USA. NR 8 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 6 U2 24 PU OIKOS PUBL INC PI LA CROSSE PA PO BOX 2558, LA CROSSE, WI 54601 USA SN 0270-5060 J9 J FRESHWATER ECOL JI J. Freshw. Ecol. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 13 IS 3 BP 287 EP 298 DI 10.1080/02705060.1998.9663621 PG 12 WC Ecology; Limnology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 121XZ UT WOS:000076042500005 ER PT J AU Morrow, JV Miller, GL AF Morrow, JV Miller, GL TI Size of larval northern pike emigrating from spawning wetlands SO JOURNAL OF FRESHWATER ECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ESOX-LUCIUS L; DENSITIES; GROWTH; SALMON; FRY AB We collected larval northern pike (Esox lucius) in spawning wetlands and adjacent deepwater habitat during the springs of 1993 and 1994. Larval northern pike began to emigrate from spawning wetlands at sizes as small as 14.0 mm TL; however, they remained in close proximity to spawning wetlands until reaching sizes of 50 mm TL or greater. The initial emigration began before larvae became cannibalistic, and larger larvae emigrated before smaller ones indicating that intraspecific aggression probably does not play a role in this stage of emigration. Samples later in the spring indicated that some larvae either delayed emigration or returned to deeper parts of spawning wetlands. Transitional habitats may be important for survival of young of the year northern pike. C1 USA, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Univ Mississippi, Dept Biol, Oxford, MS 38677 USA. RP Morrow, JV (reprint author), USA, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 11 PU OIKOS PUBL INC PI LA CROSSE PA PO BOX 2558, LA CROSSE, WI 54601 USA SN 0270-5060 J9 J FRESHWATER ECOL JI J. Freshw. Ecol. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 13 IS 3 BP 343 EP 349 DI 10.1080/02705060.1998.9663627 PG 7 WC Ecology; Limnology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 121XZ UT WOS:000076042500011 ER PT J AU Ussery, T Miller, AC Payne, BS AF Ussery, T Miller, AC Payne, BS TI Effects of forced hot air on zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) survival SO JOURNAL OF FRESHWATER ECOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Exposure of dewatered zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) to forced (moving) air substantially increased mortality compared to that in still air. Estimated times to a 50% mortality in moving air were 32.7 h at 25 degrees C, 4.6 h at 35 degrees C, and 1.4 h at 45 degrees C. C1 Univ Texas, Dept Biol, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. USA, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Ussery, T (reprint author), Univ Texas, Dept Biol, POB 19498, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU OIKOS PUBL INC PI LA CROSSE PA PO BOX 2558, LA CROSSE, WI 54601 USA SN 0270-5060 J9 J FRESHWATER ECOL JI J. Freshw. Ecol. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 13 IS 3 BP 365 EP 367 DI 10.1080/02705060.1998.9663630 PG 3 WC Ecology; Limnology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 121XZ UT WOS:000076042500014 ER PT J AU Bray, M Davis, K Geisbert, T Schmaljohn, C Huggins, J AF Bray, M Davis, K Geisbert, T Schmaljohn, C Huggins, J TI A mouse model for evaluation of prophylaxis and therapy of Ebola hemorrhagic fever SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Colloquium on Ebola Virus Research CY SEP 04-07, 1996 CL ANTWERP, BELGIUM ID VIRUS; INFECTION; FILOVIRUSES AB The Zaire subtype of Ebola virus (EBO-Z) is lethal for newborn mice, but adult mice are resistant to the virus, which prevents their use as an animal model of lethal Ebola infection. We serially passed EBO-Z virus in progressively older suckling mice, eventually obtaining a plaque-purified virus that was lethal for mature, immunocompetent BALB/c and C57BL/6 inbred and ICR (CD-1) outbred mice. Pathologic changes in the liver and spleen of infected mice resembled those in EBO-Z-infected primates. Virus titers in these tissues reached 10(9) pfu/g, The LD50 of mouse-adapted EBO-Z virus inoculated into the peritoneal cavity was similar to 1 virion, Mice were resistant to large doses of the same virus inoculated subcutaneously, intradermally, or intramuscularly, Mice injected peripherally with mouse-adapted or intraperitoneally with non-adapted EBO-Z virus resisted subsequent challenge with mouse-adapted virus. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Pathol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Bray, M (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 26 TC 215 Z9 226 U1 4 U2 15 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5801 S ELLIS AVENUE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 178 IS 3 BP 651 EP 661 PG 11 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 112UL UT WOS:000075512700007 PM 9728532 ER PT J AU Turell, MJ AF Turell, MJ TI Effect of salt concentration in larval rearing water on susceptibility of Aedes mosquitoes (Diptera : Culicidae) to eastern equine and Venezuelan equine encephalitis viruses SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aedes mosquitoes; vector competence; eastern equine encephalitis virus; Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus; salt concentration ID RIFT-VALLEY FEVER; VECTOR COMPETENCE; CULEX-PIPIENS; CDNA CLONE; INFECTION; ENCEPHALOMYELITIS; TAENIORHYNCHUS; SOLLICITANS; TEMPERATURE; DIET AB The effect of salt concentration in larval rearing water on the susceptibility of adult Aedes taeniorhynchus; (Wiedemann) and Aedes sollicitans (Skuse) to infection with eastern equine encephalomyelitis (EEE) virus was tested in the laboratory. Ae. sollicitans was more susceptible to infection (79%, n = 82) and viral dissemination (16%) with EEE virus than was Ae. taeniorhynchus (42%, n = 184) and (5%), respectively, when fed on a chick with a viremia of 10(7+/-0.1) plaque-forming units/ml; however, infection rates in adults were not affected by rearing in salt concentrations ranging from fresh water to brackish water containing 2.4% sea salts (1 part fresh water and 2 parts seawater). When fed on the same viremic 6-d-old chicken, all 48 Aedes albopictus (Skuse), reared in fresh water, became infected. Similarly, Venezuelan equine encephalitis viral infection or dissemination rates did not vary among Ae. taeniorhynchus adults that were reared in water containing 0, 1, or 2% sea salts. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Turell, MJ (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, 1425 Proter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 35 IS 5 BP 670 EP 673 PG 4 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 124YN UT WOS:000076210500009 PM 9775590 ER PT J AU Rongnoparut, P Sirichotpakorn, N Rattanarithikul, R Linthicum, KJ AF Rongnoparut, P Sirichotpakorn, N Rattanarithikul, R Linthicum, KJ TI Sequence heterogeneity in Copia-like retrotransposons in Anopheles (Diptera : Culicidae) in Thailand SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Copia; Anopheles sp.; retrotransposon; reverse transcriptase ID TY1-COPIA GROUP RETROTRANSPOSONS; TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENTS; DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; INSECTICIDE RESISTANCE; PLANTS; DNA; RETROELEMENTS; EUKARYOTES; EXPRESSION; EVOLUTION AB Degenerate primers and the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detected a conserved region of copia-like reverse transcriptase from Anopheles mosquitoes in Thailand. A total of 43 subclone PCR fragments of the size expected for reverse transcriptase of copia-like elements was isolated from Anopheles dirus (Peyton & Harrison) subspecies A, Anopheles maculatus (Theobald) subspecies E, Anopheles nivipes (Theobald), and Anopheles subpictus Grassi. Sequence analysis of subclones confirmed the identity of these sequences as copia-like reverse transcriptase sequences. The sequences displayed varying degrees of sequence heterogeneity, in contrast to the limited diversity seen in copia-like elements in Drosophila. Phylogenetic analysis of the amino acid sequences of the subclones showed that the majority of the retroelements were clustered together, implying that sequence divergence during vertical transmission of the copia-like retrotransposons has been a major factor in the evolution of copia-like retroelements in Anopheles species. Additionally, there is evidence that horizontal transfer of this transposon group among certain divergent taxa also may have played a role in their evolution. C1 Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, USA Med Component, Dept Entomol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. RP Rongnoparut, P (reprint author), USAMC, AFRIMS, APO, AP 96546 USA. NR 35 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 2 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 35 IS 5 BP 771 EP 777 PG 7 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 124YN UT WOS:000076210500026 PM 9775607 ER PT J AU Cavallaro, BE Madigan, WP O'Hara, MA Kramer, KK Bauman, WC AF Cavallaro, BE Madigan, WP O'Hara, MA Kramer, KK Bauman, WC TI Posterior chamber intraocular lens use in children SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC OPHTHALMOLOGY & STRABISMUS LA English DT Article ID CATARACT-EXTRACTION; IMPLANTATION; CHILDHOOD; EYE AB Purpose: The authors report on the efficacy of intraocular lens implantation during pediatric cataract surgery and the results of a consecutive series of intraocular lens implantations in children. Methods: Twenty-one children underwent implantation of intraocular lenses in 23 eyes. Twenty-one surgeries were primary implantations immediately following anterior lensectomy. Two surgeries were secondary implantations. Primary posterior capsulectomy was performed in 18 of 21 primary implantations. All but two eyes underwent a primary anterior vitrectomy. Topical prednisolone acetate was administered in all cases. Oral prednisone was administered in 17 of 23 cases. Pre- and postoperative visual acuity, cycloplegic refraction, and postoperative complications related to inflammation such as intraocular lens (IOL) capture, IOL decentration, and posterior capsule opacification were examined. Results: Eighteen of 23 eyes have achieved a visual acuity of 20/40 or better. None of the cases in which oral prednisone was used developed complications related to postoperative inflammation. One of the six cases (17%) in which oral prednisone was not used developed such complications. Conclusion: intraocular lens implantation accompanied by primary posterior capsulectomy, anterior vitrectomy, and management of postoperative inflammation appears to provide appropriate and safe optical rehabilitation in children. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Ophthalmol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Cavallaro, BE (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Ophthalmol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 12 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0191-3913 J9 J PEDIAT OPHTH STRAB JI J. Pediatr. Ophthalmol. Strabismus. PD SEP-OCT PY 1998 VL 35 IS 5 BP 254 EP 263 PG 10 WC Ophthalmology; Pediatrics SC Ophthalmology; Pediatrics GA 123AB UT WOS:000076102700002 PM 9782436 ER PT J AU Doe, EA Jones, P O'Hara, MA AF Doe, EA Jones, P O'Hara, MA TI A comparison of prophylactic ondansetron hydrochloride and droperidol for strabismus repair in adults SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC OPHTHALMOLOGY & STRABISMUS LA English DT Article ID PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA; DOSE INTRAVENOUS ONDANSETRON; POSTOPERATIVE NAUSEA; DOUBLE-BLIND; GYNECOLOGIC SURGERY; AMBULATORY SURGERY; GENERAL-ANESTHESIA; ANTIEMETIC THERAPY; PEDIATRIC-PATIENTS; PREVENTION AB Background: Prophylactic administration of an antiemetic is a common procedure for patients undergoing strabismus surgery. Droperidol and ondansetron hydrochloride are commonly used antiemetics. This study compared the rates of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in adult patients undergoing strabismus surgery with prophylactically administered Droperidol or ondansetron hydrochloride. Methods: A double-masked, randomized, prospective study was conducted comparing droperidol with ondansetron hydrochloride when administered prophylactically to adults undergoing strabismus surgery. Results: Forty-five patients entered the study with a mean age of 30 years. Twenty percent of patients had nausea immediately postoperatively and 37% had nausea before discharge with no significant differences between groups. Overall rate of emesis, time in the recovery room, and time to discharge was not significantly different between the droperidol and ondansetron hydrochloride group. Conclusion: No real differences in the ability to prevent PONV between the two medications were found in this study. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Jones, P (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 42 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0191-3913 J9 J PEDIAT OPHTH STRAB JI J. Pediatr. Ophthalmol. Strabismus. PD SEP-OCT PY 1998 VL 35 IS 5 BP 264 EP 269 PG 6 WC Ophthalmology; Pediatrics SC Ophthalmology; Pediatrics GA 123AB UT WOS:000076102700003 PM 9782437 ER PT J AU Klemme, WR James, P Skinner, SR AF Klemme, WR James, P Skinner, SR TI Results of hip arthrodesis in adolescents by using the cobra-head plate for internal fixation SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC ORTHOPAEDICS LA English DT Article DE adolescent; arthrodesis; cobra plate; hip AB A retrospective study was conducted to examine the efficacy and potential morbidity of hip fusion using the Cobra-head plate in adolescents. A heterogeneous group of 11 adolescents, with recalcitrant hip pain and an average age of 14.6 years, underwent unilateral hip arthrodesis with the Cobrahead plate for internal fixation. Seven (64%) patients achieved an uneventful clinical and radiographic arthrodesis after a mean postoperative interval of 7.4 months. Four index operations (36%) were complicated by pseudarthrosis. All patients who developed a postoperative pseudarthrosis ranked at or above the 90th percentile for their age-determined weight. The relationship between the percentile-weight-for-age and the incidence of pseudarthrosis was statistically significant (p less than or equal to 0.001). Hip-arthrodesis procedures with the Cobra-head plate in adolescents at or above the 90th percentile weight-for-age are associated with an unacceptably high rate of pseudarthrosis. In this subset of patients, alternate or supplementary stabilization methods should be considered. C1 USA, Med Corps, Orthopaed Surg Serv, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr,Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Klemme, WR (reprint author), USA, Med Corps, Orthopaed Surg Serv, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr,Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0271-6798 J9 J PEDIATR ORTHOPED JI J. Pediatr. Orthop. PD SEP-OCT PY 1998 VL 18 IS 5 BP 648 EP 650 PG 3 WC Orthopedics; Pediatrics SC Orthopedics; Pediatrics GA 193AZ UT WOS:000080114300018 PM 9746418 ER PT J AU Zandi, B Gruber, JB AF Zandi, B Gruber, JB TI Crystal-field splitting analysis of trivalent neodymium in hexagonal (A-type) neodymium sesquioxide SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS LA English DT Article DE rare earth spectra; optical materials; crystal fields; optical properties ID ENERGY-LEVELS AB From an analysis of the observed polarized absorption spectra of trivalent neodymium (Nd3+ 4f 3) in single-crystal hexagonal (A-type) neodymium sesquioxide (Nd2O3), we have made assignments to individual crystal electric field (Stark) levels of multiplet manifolds I-4(J), F-4(J), (4)G(5/2), S-4(3/2), H-2(J)(2), and (2)G(J). Crystal-field splitting calculations of these manifolds were initiated by first determining a set of crystal-field splitting parameters, B-nm, from the detailed positions of the ions in the lattice as established from an analysis of the X-ray crystallography of A-type Nd2O3 Without any adjustment of parameters, the calculated energy levels and the symmetry representation predicted for each Stark level are in reasonable agreement with the experimental assignments. To improve the overall agreement between the results obtained from the calculations and the experimental data, we carried out a least-squares fitting analysis which gave us a final rms deviation of 4 cm(-1) between 45 calculated and experimental levels. Our calculations also explain the results obtained from the magnetic susceptibility data for powdered A-type Nd2O3, and predict the Schottky levels obtained from an analysis of the electronic heat capacity. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. San Jose State Univ, Dept Phys, San Jose, CA 95192 USA. RP Zandi, B (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-3697 J9 J PHYS CHEM SOLIDS JI J. Phys. Chem. Solids PD SEP PY 1998 VL 59 IS 9 BP 1453 EP 1457 DI 10.1016/S0022-3697(98)00227-3 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 135LG UT WOS:000076802700013 ER PT J AU Wolfenstine, J Sakamoto, J Huang, CK AF Wolfenstine, J Sakamoto, J Huang, CK TI Tin oxide tin composite anodes for use in Li-ion batteries SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Letter DE tin oxides; composite; irreversible loss; Li-ion batteries; phase diagram ID LITHIUM; ELECTRODES; ALLOYS C1 USA, Res Lab, Geo Ctr, AMSRL SE C Shady Grove, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Wolfenstine, J (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Geo Ctr, AMSRL SE C Shady Grove, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 12 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD SEP 1 PY 1998 VL 75 IS 1 BP 181 EP 182 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 121MX UT WOS:000076018600025 ER PT J AU Howell, DL Chapman, BR AF Howell, DL Chapman, BR TI Prey brought to red-shouldered hawk nests in the Georgia Piedmont SO JOURNAL OF RAPTOR RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Red-shouldered Hawk; Buteo lineatus; prey; nests; food habits; Georgia; Piedmont ID HABITAT USE; HOME-RANGE C1 Univ Georgia, Daniel B Warnell Sch Forest Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Howell, DL (reprint author), Directorate Publ Works & Environm, AFZA PW DW, Wildlife Branch, Ft Bragg, NC 28307 USA. NR 20 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU RAPTOR RESEARCH FOUNDATION INC PI HASTINGS PA 14377 117TH STREET SOUTH, HASTINGS, MN 55033 USA SN 0892-1016 J9 J RAPTOR RES JI J. Raptor Res. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 32 IS 3 BP 257 EP 260 PG 4 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA 130ZF UT WOS:000076550000014 ER PT J AU Weinacht, P AF Weinacht, P TI Navier-Stokes predictions of the individual components of the pitch-damping sum SO JOURNAL OF SPACECRAFT AND ROCKETS LA English DT Article AB An approach for predicting the two individual aerodynamic damping coefficients that form the pitch damping coefficient sum is presented. The coefficients are obtained using prescribed or forced motions that independently excite the two different angular rates that are associated with the two damping coefficients. A key feature of the approach is that steady flowfields are produced by the selected motions. Steady flow computational fluid dynamics approaches can be applied, allowing results to be obtained in a computationally efficient manner Application of the technique is made to an axisymmetric projectile configuration, The predicted pitch-damping coefficient sum obtained by adding the individually determined coefficients is in excellent agreement with previous predictions of the pitch-damping coefficient sum and with experimental data, The individual coefficients are compared with slender-body theory, and the results show similar trends though the slender-body theory appears to underpredict the various coefficients, C1 USA, Res Lab, Propuls & Flight Div, Aerodynam Branch,Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Weinacht, P (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Propuls & Flight Div, Aerodynam Branch,Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 13 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0022-4650 J9 J SPACECRAFT ROCKETS JI J. Spacecr. Rockets PD SEP-OCT PY 1998 VL 35 IS 5 BP 598 EP 605 DI 10.2514/2.3390 PG 8 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 129WT UT WOS:000076487600002 ER PT J AU Mukherjee, A Ramana, VPV Kant, T Dutta, PK Desai, YM AF Mukherjee, A Ramana, VPV Kant, T Dutta, PK Desai, YM TI Behavior of concrete columns confined by fiber composites - Discussion SO JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Indian Inst Technol, Dept Civil Engn, Mumbai 400076, India. USA, Corps Engineers, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Mukherjee, A (reprint author), Indian Inst Technol, Dept Civil Engn, Mumbai 400076, India. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 USA SN 0733-9445 J9 J STRUCT ENG-ASCE JI J. Struct. Eng.-ASCE PD SEP PY 1998 VL 124 IS 9 BP 1094 EP 1094 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1998)124:9(1094) PG 1 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA 110RA UT WOS:000075393100023 ER PT J AU Higgins, BW Robbins, LB Litynski, J AF Higgins, BW Robbins, LB Litynski, J TI A discussion of regulatory requirements and air dispersion modeling approaches applicable to US chemical demilitarization facilities SO JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article AB Owners of hazardous waste treatment, storage, and disposal facilities, and certain major air pollution sources, must conduct several separate ambient air dispersion modeling analyses before beginning construction of new facilities or modifying existing facilities. These analyses are critical components of the environmental permitting and facility certification processes and must be completed to the satisfaction of federal, state, and local regulatory authorities. The U.S. Army has conducted air dispersion modeling for its proposed chemical agent disposal facilities to fulfill the following environmental regulatory and risk management requirements: (1) Resource Conservation and Recovery Act human health and ecological risk assessment analysis for the hazardous waste treatment and storage permit applications, (2) Quantitative Risk Assessment to support the site-specific risk management programs, and (3) Prevention of Significant Deterioration ambient air impact analysis for the air permit applications. The purpose of these air dispersion modeling studies is to show that the potential impacts on human health and the environment, due to operation of the chemical agent disposal facilities, are acceptable. This paper describes and compares the types of air dispersion models, modeling input data requirements, modeling algorithms, and approaches used to satisfy the three environmental regulatory and risk management requirements listed above, Although this paper discusses only one industry (i.e., chemical demilitarization), the information it contains could help those in other industries who need to communicate to the public the purpose and objectives of each modeling analysis. It may also be useful in integrating the results of each analysis into an overarching summary of compliance and potential risks. C1 Sci Applicat Int Corp, Edgewood, MD 21009 USA. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Directorate Environm Hlth Engn, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Litynski, J (reprint author), Sci Applicat Int Corp, 1309 Continental Dr,Suite F, Edgewood, MD 21009 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOC PI PITTSBURGH PA ONE GATEWAY CENTER, THIRD FL, PITTSBURGH, PA 15222 USA SN 1047-3289 J9 J AIR WASTE MANAGE JI J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 48 IS 9 BP 798 EP 808 PG 11 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 123XG UT WOS:000076150500002 PM 9775760 ER PT J AU Gardner, TL Elston, DM Wotowic, PJ AF Gardner, TL Elston, DM Wotowic, PJ TI A familial dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, PSMD, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. RP Elston, DM (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, PSMD, 59th Med Wing,2200 Bergquist Dr,Suite 1, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. NR 2 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 39 IS 3 BP 504 EP 505 DI 10.1016/S0190-9622(98)70338-X PG 2 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 117HA UT WOS:000075774800026 PM 9738795 ER PT J AU Swab, JJ Quinn, GD AF Swab, JJ Quinn, GD TI Effect of precrack "halos" on fracture toughness determined by the surface crack in flexure method SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 21st Annual Conference on Composites, Advanced Ceramics, Materials, and Structures CY JAN, 1997 CL COCOA BEACH, FLORIDA ID HOT-PRESSED SI3N4; ADVANCED STRUCTURAL CERAMICS; SILICON-NITRIDE; FLAWS; INDENTATION; GROWTH; STRENGTH; ALUMINA; RESISTANCE; PARAMETERS AB The surface crack in flexure method, which is used to determine the fracture toughness of dense ceramics, necessitates the measurement of precrack sizes by fractographic examination. Stable crack extension may occur from flaws under ambient, room-temperature conditions, even in the relatively short time under load during fast fracture strength or fracture toughness testing. In this article, fractographic techniques are used to characterize evidence of stable crack extension, a "halo," around Knoop indentation surface cracks. Optical examination of the fracture surfaces of a high-purity Al2O3, an AlN, a glass-ceramic, and a MgF2 reveal the presence of a halo around the periphery of each precrack, The halo in the AlN is merely an optical effect due to crack reorientation, whereas the halo in the MgF2 is due to indentation-induced residual stresses initiating crack growth. However, for the Al2O3 and the glass-ceramic, environmentally assisted slow crack growth is the cause of the halo. In the latter two materials, this stable crack extension must be included as part of the critical crack size to determine the appropriate fracture toughness. C1 USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Met & Ceram Res Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Ceram, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. RP Swab, JJ (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Met & Ceram Res Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 55 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-6136 USA SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 81 IS 9 BP 2261 EP 2268 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 121AB UT WOS:000075989000006 ER PT J AU Robert, LL Perich, MJ Schlein, Y Jacobson, JL AF Robert, LL Perich, MJ Schlein, Y Jacobson, JL TI Bacillus sphaericus inhibits hatching of phlebotomine sand fly eggs SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE Bacillus sphaericus; ovicide; sand fly; Phlebotomus dubascqi; Sergentomyia schwetzi; control ID CULEX-QUINQUEFASCIATUS; THURINGIENSIS H-14 AB The effect of Bacillus sphnericus, at various concentrations, on hatching of phlebotomine sand fly eggs was examined using laboratory bioassays. Aqueous suspensions of B. sphaericus, strain 2362, inhibited hatching of eggs of Phlebotomus duboscqi and Sergentomyia schwetzi by 95% at concentrations as low as 0.05 and 0.11 mg/cm(2), respectively. In contrast, B. sphaericus did not affect the ability of pupae to emerge as adults. C1 USA, Med Res Unit Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Hadassah Med Sch, Dept Parasitol, IL-91010 Jerusalem, Israel. RP Robert, LL (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Chem, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 10 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSN INC PI LAKE CHARLES PA 707-A EAST PRIEN LAKE ROAD, PO BOX 5416, LAKE CHARLES, LA 70606-5416 USA SN 8756-971X J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 14 IS 3 BP 351 EP 352 PG 2 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 136KY UT WOS:000076859000019 PM 9813835 ER PT J AU Walter, R Holland, TD AF Walter, R Holland, TD TI Perimortem calcaneal and talar fractures sustained in a military air crash in Vietnam SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN PODIATRIC MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article AB The authors report on the skeletal elements of a minimum of 37 men who died in 1965 when their C-123 cargo airplane crashed into a mountainside in South Vietnam. Natural environmental processes reduced their bodies to skeletons; these osseous remains were recovered from the crash site nearly 10 years later. Among the remains were the calcanei and tall of at least 37 people. These bones, devoid of soft tissue, provide a rare opportunity to examine and document the pattern of perimortem fractures in multiple individuals who died in the same incident. This case also provides information on a range of variability of skeletal fractures that is unavailable in comparative skeletal collections, and that might be overlooked with radiography or during physical examination. C1 USA, Cent Identificat Lab, Hickam AFB, HI 96853 USA. RP Walter, R (reprint author), USA, Cent Identificat Lab, 310 Worchester AVe, Hickam AFB, HI 96853 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PODIATRIC MED ASSOC PI BETHESDA PA 9312 OLD GEORGETOWN ROAD, BETHESDA, MD 20814-1621 USA SN 8750-7315 EI 1930-8264 J9 J AM PODIAT MED ASSN JI J. Am. Podiatr. Med. Assoc. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 88 IS 9 BP 446 EP 450 PG 5 WC Orthopedics SC Orthopedics GA 122QZ UT WOS:000076084100005 ER PT J AU White, GO AF White, GO TI Temperature response characteristics of various vibration isolators SO JOURNAL OF THE IEST LA English DT Article DE fatigue ratio; frequency response; isolators; power spectral density; shock mounts; temperature response; transfer function; transmissibility; vibration AB Four types of vibration isolators were characterized to determine whether the system using them could survive Arctic operation. Previous operation in a desert environment had been performed without difficulty. It was predicted that Arctic operations would be successful based on desert and laboratory information. Data at various temperatures were gathered in the lab, and power spectral density (PSD) dam, transfer functions, and fatigue ratios were used to predict responses at Arctic temperatures. Predicted Arctic responses exceeded desert responses in some frequency regions, and it was determined that additional testing at Arctic temperatures was warranted. C1 USA, Aberdeen Test Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP White, GO (reprint author), USA, Aberdeen Test Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INST ENVIRONMENTAL SCI TECHNOLOGY PI MT PROSPECT PA 940 E NORTHWEST HIGHWAY, MT PROSPECT, IL 60056 USA SN 1052-2883 J9 J IEST JI J. IEST PD SEP-OCT PY 1998 VL 41 IS 5 BP 44 EP 48 PG 5 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 129XG UT WOS:000076488900006 ER PT J AU Banerjee, PP Danileiko, AY Hudson, T McMillen, D AF Banerjee, PP Danileiko, AY Hudson, T McMillen, D TI P-scan analysis of inhomogeneously induced optical nonlinearities SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SINGLE-BEAM; SCATTERING; CRYSTAL; BATIO3 AB A model for beam propagation through a nonlinear material is developed; the model takes into, account inhomogeneous induced refractive-index changes due to the nonlinearity. A focused Gaussian beam of circular cross section, incident upon the sample, emerges as an elliptic Gaussian beam after interaction in this material. The nonlinearity coefficient values derived from a Z scan of photorefractive lithium niobate crystals compare favorably with that found by varying the power P of a Gaussian beam focused at a fixed longitudinal position within the sample and monitoring the far-field beam ellipticity. The nonlinearity coefficient value is used to determine the dopant's acceptor-to-donor concentration ratio in photorefractive Lithium niobate samples. (C) 1998 Optical Society of America. C1 Univ Alabama, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. USA, Aviat & Missile Command, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Banerjee, PP (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. NR 19 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0740-3224 J9 J OPT SOC AM B JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 15 IS 9 BP 2446 EP 2454 DI 10.1364/JOSAB.15.002446 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA 117VK UT WOS:000075803200014 ER PT J AU Grogan, WP Freeman, RB Alexander, DR AF Grogan, WP Freeman, RB Alexander, DR TI Impact of FWD testing variability on pavement evaluations SO JOURNAL OF TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article AB Airfield pavement evaluations commonly include nondestructive testing. These evaluations are used for projecting pavement performance and for designing pavement rehabilitation options. To apply reliability concepts to these prediction and design scenarios, it is necessary to learn more about the variabilities associated with nondestructive testing and pavement evaluation procedures. In this study, twelve sites around the southeastern United States were tested with both a falling weight deflectometer and a heavy-weight deflectometer. The data were evaluated using the military procedure. The test data and the pavement evaluation results were examined for spatial variability and for test device variability. Two primary conclusions resulted from this study. The first primary conclusion is that the current military evaluation procedure does not provide a consistent level of reliability for evaluation results. The second primary conclusion is that the magnitude of the load used for deflectometer testing affects the evaluation results. C1 USA, Waterways Expt Stn, Airfields & Pavements Div, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Grogan, WP (reprint author), USA, Waterways Expt Stn, Airfields & Pavements Div, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 USA SN 0733-947X J9 J TRANSP ENG-ASCE JI J. Transp. Eng.-ASCE PD SEP-OCT PY 1998 VL 124 IS 5 BP 437 EP 442 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-947X(1998)124:5(437) PG 6 WC Engineering, Civil; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Transportation GA 110ML UT WOS:000075384900007 ER PT J AU Yowler, CJ Mozingo, DW Ryan, JB Pruitt, BA AF Yowler, CJ Mozingo, DW Ryan, JB Pruitt, BA TI Factors contributing to delayed extremity amputation in burn patients SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th Annual Meeting of the Eastern-Association-for-the-Surgery-of-Trauma CY JAN 14-17, 1998 CL SANIBEL, FLORIDA SP E Assoc Surg Trauma ID ELECTRICAL INJURIES; DECOMPRESSION AB Background: Previous series of traumatic amputations have noted that delay in amputation results in prolonged hospital stay and delayed rehabilitation. A series of major extremity amputations after burn injury was analyzed to identify the frequency of delayed amputation and to identify factors resulting in the delay. Methods: Chart review of burn admissions between January of 1991 and December of 1995, Results: Twenty-eight patients underwent a total of 14 major extremity amputations. Thirty-five amputations in 22 patients were performed by postburn day 16 (mean 4.3), Nine amputations in six patients were delayed beyond postburn day 26 (mean, 48.3). Delayed amputations occurred in the subgroups of deep thermal burns with extensive necrosis and thermal burns complicated by infections. Early amputation was associated with a 13.6% mortality rate, delayed amputation with a 50% mortality rate. Conclusion: There is a bimodal distribution of time to amputation determined by mechanism of injury, severity of burn, and infectious complications. Earlier identification of nonsalvageable limbs may decrease infectious complications and improve the chances of patient survival. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Yowler, CJ (reprint author), Metrohlth Med Ctr, Dept Surg, 2500 Metrohlth Dr, Cleveland, OH 44109 USA. EM CYowler@mhnet.mhmc.org NR 12 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1079-6061 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD SEP PY 1998 VL 45 IS 3 BP 522 EP 526 DI 10.1097/00005373-199809000-00017 PG 5 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 120ZG UT WOS:000075987300022 PM 9751544 ER PT J AU Amoroso, PJ Ryan, JB Bickley, B Leitschuh, P Taylor, DC Jones, BH AF Amoroso, PJ Ryan, JB Bickley, B Leitschuh, P Taylor, DC Jones, BH TI Braced for impact: Reducing military paratroopers' ankle sprains using outside-the-boot braces SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th Annual Meeting of the Eastern-Association-for-the-Surgery-of-Trauma CY JAN 14-17, 1998 CL SANIBEL, FLORIDA SP E Assoc Surg Trauma DE ankle braces; ankle injuries; ankle sprains; Army paratrooper training; injury prevention; inversion ankle sprains; outside-the-boot ankle braces; parachute jump; parachuting; randomized intervention trial; military personnel; US Army; US Army Airborne School ID PARACHUTING INJURIES; OPERATION AB Background: Ankle injuries account for 30 to 60% of all parachuting injuries. This study was designed to determine if outside-the-boot ankle braces could reduce ankle sprains during Army paratrooper training. Methods: The randomized trial involved 777 volunteers from the U.S. Army Airborne School, Fort Benning, Ga, Of this group, 745 completed all study requirements (369 brace-wearers and 376 non-brace-wearers). Each volunteer made five parachute jumps, for a total of 3,674 jumps. Results: The incidence of inversion ankle sprains was 1.9% in non-brace-wearers and 0.3% in brace-wearers (risk ratio, 6.9; p = 0.04). Other injuries appeared unaffected by the brace. Overall, 5.3% of the non-brace group and 4.6% of the brace group experienced at least one injury, The risk ratio for injured individuals was 1.2:1 (non-brace to brace groups; p = 0.65). Conclusion: Inversion ankle sprains during parachute training can be significantly reduced by using an outside-the-boot ankle brace, with no increase in risk for other injuries. Key Words: Ankle braces, Ankle injuries, Ankle sprains, Army paratrooper training, Injury prevention, Inversion ankle sprains, Outside-the-boot ankle braces, Parachute jump, Parachuting, Randomized intervention trial, Military personnel U.S. Army, U.S. Army Airborne School. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. William Clay Ford Ctr Athlet Med, Detroit, MI USA. Ireland Community Hosp, Ft Knox, KY USA. William Beaumont Army Med Ctr, El Paso, TX 79920 USA. Keller Army Community Hosp, W Point, NY USA. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Amoroso, PJ (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, 42 Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 28 TC 43 Z9 47 U1 1 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1079-6061 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD SEP PY 1998 VL 45 IS 3 BP 575 EP 580 DI 10.1097/00005373-199809000-00028 PG 6 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 120ZG UT WOS:000075987300032 PM 9751554 ER PT J AU Jackson, MR Gillespie, DL Chang, AS Longenecker, EG Peat, RA Alving, BM AF Jackson, MR Gillespie, DL Chang, AS Longenecker, EG Peat, RA Alving, BM TI The incidence of heparin-induced antibodies in patients undergoing vascular surgery: A prospective study SO JOURNAL OF VASCULAR SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 22nd Annual Meeting of the Southern-Association-for-Vascular-Surgery CY JAN 21-24, 1998 CL RIO GRANDE, PUERTO RICO SP So Assoc Vasc Surg ID PLATELET-AGGREGATION TEST; INDUCED THROMBOCYTOPENIA; DIAGNOSIS; FACTOR-4; THROMBOSIS; COMPLEX; ASSAY AB Purpose: This study prospectively assessed the incidence of heparin-induced antibodies in patients undergoing peripheral vascular surgery and determined whether the incidence is influenced by previous heparin exposure. Methods: Fifty-four hospitalized patients (36 men and 18 women) undergoing peripheral vascular surgery and receiving intraoperative heparin anticoagulation were studied. Unfractionated porcine heparin was given for intraoperative anticoagulation and was not continued postoperatively. Carotid endarterectomy was performed in 36 patients, aortic reconstruction in II patients, and infrainguinal bypass in 7 patients. Plasma was tested before and after (14 +/- 7.5 [SD] days) surgery for IgG antibodies to the complex of heparin/platelet factor 4, using a standardized, validated enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results are expressed as an optical density ratio (ODR) of patient plasma to normal plasma, with the threshold for a positive result of greater than or equal to 1.8. Platelet counts and clinical outcomes were also assessed. Results: The mean patient age was 67.2 +/- 9.7 years. A prior exposure to heparin was documented in 41% of patients. The mean intraoperative heparin dose was 9089 +/- 3607 units. Only I patient converted from a negative antibody status to a positive status (1.9%, 95% CI = 0.10% - 11.18%). The change in the ELISA ODR after surgery was not significantly different for patients with (+0.042 +/- 0.272) and without (-0.022 +/- 0.299, P = 0.57) prior heparin exposure. Postoperatively, the platelet counts dropped from 227,620 +/- 78,308 mu L, to 185,706 +/- 80,842 mu L (P < .001). The decrease in platelet count was the same in patients with prior heparin exposure (-23.0 +/- 18.0%) and without (-18.0 +/- 14.0%, P = .46). One thrombotic complication occurred, a femorotibial bypass graft occlusion in a patient who tested negative for antibodies. Conclusion: Heparin-induced antibodies occur infrequently after peripheral vascular surgery. The commonly observed, mild degree of postoperative thrombocytopenia does not appear to be caused by heparin-induced antibodies. These results indicate that a standard dose of heparin for intraoperative anticoagulation during vascular surgery is not associated with a significant risk of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia and thrombosis. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Hematol & Vasc Biol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Jackson, MR (reprint author), Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Div Vasc Surg, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75235 USA. OI Gillespie, David/0000-0002-4378-9465 NR 19 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0741-5214 J9 J VASC SURG JI J. Vasc. Surg. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 28 IS 3 BP 439 EP 444 DI 10.1016/S0741-5214(98)70129-6 PG 6 WC Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 117WH UT WOS:000075805300012 PM 9737453 ER PT J AU DeMaioribus, CA Anderson, CA Popham, SSG Yeager, TD Cordts, PR AF DeMaioribus, CA Anderson, CA Popham, SSG Yeager, TD Cordts, PR TI Mycotic renal artery degeneration and systemic sepsis caused by infected renal artery stent SO JOURNAL OF VASCULAR SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 22nd Annual Meeting of the Southern-Association-for-Vascular-Surgery CY JAN 21-24, 1998 CL RIO GRANDE, PUERTO RICO SP So Assoc Vasc Surg ID BALLOON ANGIOPLASTY; PLACEMENT AB A case of Staphylococcus aureus renal artery stent infection was studied. Fourteen days after the procedure, the patient had a fever, hypotension, and an elevated white blood cell (WBC) count. Blood cultures were positive for S aureus on admission and during the patient's hospitalization, despite intravenous vancomycin therapy. Evaluation included serial CT scans, revealing increasing persistent inflammation with development of multiple renal intraparenchymal abscesses, and arteriography, showing marked degeneration of the renal artery. Therapy required resection of the renal artery/stent and nephrectomy. This case confirms the severe nature of S aureus stent infection; we recommend prophylactic antibiotics before these procedures, as well as expeditious evaluation and consideration for aggressive surgical therapy if this complication is suspected. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP DeMaioribus, CA (reprint author), Vasc Surg Sect, 59 MDW MKSG,2200 Bergquist Dr,Ste 1, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. NR 10 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0741-5214 J9 J VASC SURG JI J. Vasc. Surg. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 28 IS 3 BP 547 EP 550 DI 10.1016/S0741-5214(98)70143-0 PG 4 WC Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 117WH UT WOS:000075805300031 PM 9737467 ER PT J AU Burgess, EB AF Burgess, EB TI Zero option. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Burgess, EB (reprint author), USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD SEP 1 PY 1998 VL 123 IS 14 BP 212 EP 213 PG 2 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 112NE UT WOS:000075500000222 ER PT J AU Seda-Sanabria, Y Hall, RL Suarez, LE AF Seda-Sanabria, Y Hall, RL Suarez, LE TI Hydrodynamic study of the Olmsted wicket gate using a 1 : 25-scale model SO MECHANICAL SYSTEMS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING LA English DT Article AB This paper discusses scale-model tests and analytical procedures for investigating structural vibration problems induced by flow-pressure fluctuations. The structure under study is a 1:25-scale model of a curved wicket gate of the Olmsted Locks and Dam. A simplified technique, based on the added-mass concept assuming an incompressible fluid, was developed to incorporate the hydrodynamic effects of thr: surrounding fluid in the dynamic analysis of the gate. In order to develop a fundamental understanding of the effects of hydrodynamic interaction, the study concentrated on the hypothesis that the fluid-structure interaction involves only the first structural mode of vibration of the gate. Data from the shaft load and upstream pressure, obtained front the experimental tests of the wicket gate, were analysed in order to validate this assumption. The analysis of the data validated the hypothesis, i.e. that the pressure fluctuations and the induced transient dynamic response observed during the experimental tests are related to the first natural frequency of the wicket gate. (C) 1998 Academic Press. C1 USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Seda-Sanabria, Y (reprint author), USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd,CEWES SS A, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0888-3270 J9 MECH SYST SIGNAL PR JI Mech. Syst. Signal Proc. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 12 IS 5 BP 661 EP 677 DI 10.1006/mssp.1998.0160 PG 17 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 125NJ UT WOS:000076243400006 ER PT J AU Sperling, LC Mezebish, DS AF Sperling, LC Mezebish, DS TI Hair diseases SO MEDICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article ID ANDROGENIC DISORDERS; ALOPECIA; WOMEN; HISTOPATHOLOGY; DIAGNOSIS; BIOLOGY AB A few common causes of hair loss account for the vast majority of cases. A well-directed history and simple physical examination is often sufficient to make a diagnosis. Laboratory testing is often unnecessary. A scalp biopsy can be useful, but only if processed and interpreted correctly. Androgenetic alopecia, alopecia areata, senescent alopecia, telogen effluvium, traction alopecia, trichotillomania, and cosmetic hair damage are common causes of nonscarring alopecia. Discoid lupus erythematosus, lichen planopilaris, and central, centrifugal scarring alopecia are the most common forms of scarring hair loss. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Dermatol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. USN, Natl Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Bethesda, MD 20084 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dermatol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Sperling, LC (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Dermatol, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 18 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0025-7125 J9 MED CLIN N AM JI Med. Clin. N. Am. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 82 IS 5 BP 1155 EP + DI 10.1016/S0025-7125(05)70408-9 PG 16 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 124MZ UT WOS:000076187500009 PM 9769798 ER PT J AU Brown, ER Harvey, JF AF Brown, ER Harvey, JF TI Research focus on quasi-optical technology SO MICROWAVE JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID POWER C1 DARPA, Elect Technol Off, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. USA, Res Off, Div Elect, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Brown, ER (reprint author), DARPA, Elect Technol Off, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU HORIZON HOUSE PUBLICATIONS INC PI NORWOOD PA 685 CANTON ST, NORWOOD, MA 02062 USA SN 0192-6225 J9 MICROWAVE J JI Microw. J. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 41 IS 9 BP 22 EP + PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 118XG UT WOS:000075865800001 ER PT J AU Bartone, PT Adler, AB Vaitkus, MA AF Bartone, PT Adler, AB Vaitkus, MA TI Dimensions of psychological stress in peacekeeping operations SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID SWEDISH AB U.S. military forces are increasingly involved in a variety of multinational peacekeeping and humanitarian assistance missions. How well, combat-trained units and soldiers adapt to these new roles will determine U.S. success in such operations, as well as the future health and readiness of the force. In preparing soldiers for such missions, it is critical that leaders and health care providers have a clear understanding of the nature of the stressors they are likely to encounter. This report summarizes findings from a longitudinal, descriptive case study of a U.S, Army medical unit performing a peacekeeping mission in the former Yugoslavia, The goal of the investigation was to identify key sources of stress and to delineate the effect of these stressors on the health, morale, and mental readiness of soldiers. Findings suggest a range of psychological stressors that varies somewhat across operational phases of a peacekeeping mission. Furthermore, the degree of stress experienced in various areas correlates significantly with depression, psychiatric symptoms, and low reported morale. The range of stressors is reduced and summarized in a conceptually derived model of five underlying dimensions of psychological stress salient to soldier adaptation in peacekeeping operations: isolation, ambiguity, powerlessness, boredom, and danger/threat. This model provides a useful heuristic for organizing thinking about stress in peacekeeping operations and leads to several recommendations for "countermeasures" that organizational leaders can take to maintain soldier psychological readiness during peacekeeping operations. C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Bartone, PT (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RI Dopko, Rae/J-7437-2015; OI Bartone, Paul/0000-0002-5767-0086 NR 20 TC 84 Z9 90 U1 0 U2 7 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 163 IS 9 BP 587 EP 593 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 116YG UT WOS:000075752200002 PM 9753982 ER PT J AU Bauer, JJ Connelly, RR Seterhenn, IA Srivastava, S McLeod, DG Moul, JW AF Bauer, JJ Connelly, RR Seterhenn, IA Srivastava, S McLeod, DG Moul, JW TI Statistical modeling using preoperative prognostic variables in predicting extracapsular extension and progression after radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID PATHOLOGICAL STAGE; CLINICAL STAGE; GLEASON SCORE; FOLLOW-UP; ANTIGEN; RECURRENCE; EXPRESSION; FEATURES; THERAPY; MARKER AB Objective: To predict the risk of extracapsular extension and postoperative recurrence before radical prostatectomy (RP) for prostate cancer. Methods: We performed multivariate Cox regression analysis on preoperative variables in 260 clinically localized prostate cancer patients who underwent RP. With these data, we constructed a relative risk of recurrence (R-r) equation and an equation to predict the probability of extracapsular extension (P-ECE) before RP. Results: R-r is calculated as exp[(0.47 x race + 0.14 x PSA(ST)) + (0.13 x worst biopsy Gleason sum) + (1.03 x stage Tlc) + (1.55 x stage T2b,c)], where PSA(ST) indicates a sigmoidal transformation of prostate-specific antigen. P-ECE is calculated as 1/[1 + exp(-Z)], where Z = -2.47 + 0.15 (PSA(ST)) + 0.31 (worst biopsy Gleason sum) + 0.18 (race) + 0.16 (stage Tlc) + 0.38 (stage T2b,c). Conclusion: These two equations can be used preoperatively to predict the probability of extracapsular disease and the risk of prostate-specific antigen recurrence in patients undergoing RP. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Urol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Bauer, JJ (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 24 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 163 IS 9 BP 615 EP 619 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 116YG UT WOS:000075752200007 PM 9753987 ER PT J AU Weina, PJ AF Weina, PJ TI From atabrine in World War II to mefloquine in Somalia: The role of education in preventive medicine SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID MALARIA PROPHYLAXIS; TOLERABILITY; LARIAM(R); REGIMENS AB Preventive medicine requires an understanding not only of the disease to be prevented, but a complete understanding of conditions affecting the disease transmission, human nature, and the historic situation of the target group. An analysis of a new drug introduction (Atabrine) during World War II: is viewed from multiple perspectives and is compared with the introduction of mefloquine during the mission to Somalia 50 years later. Common themes of educational failure at the end-user and policy-maker levels are shown as barriers to effective preventive medicine efforts. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Weina, PJ (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 163 IS 9 BP 635 EP 639 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 116YG UT WOS:000075752200013 PM 9753993 ER PT J AU Owens, DM AF Owens, DM TI Gertrude Stein's 'Lifting Belly' and the Great War SO MODERN FICTION STUDIES LA English DT Article C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Owens, DM (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV PRESS PI BALTIMORE PA JOURNALS PUBLISHING DIVISION, 2715 NORTH CHARLES ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21218-4319 USA SN 0026-7724 J9 MOD FICTION STUD JI Mod. Fict. Stud. PD FAL PY 1998 VL 44 IS 3 BP 608 EP 618 DI 10.1353/mfs.1998.0067 PG 11 WC Literature SC Literature GA 124YV UT WOS:000076211100005 ER PT J AU Pienta, KJ Roach, M Moul, J Rabbani, F Trachtenberg, J Goldenberg, L McLeod, D AF Pienta, KJ Roach, M Moul, J Rabbani, F Trachtenberg, J Goldenberg, L McLeod, D TI Neoadjuvant hormone therapy before radical prostatectomy: Update on Phase II and III Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center trials - Discussion SO MOLECULAR UROLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Univ Michigan, Med Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, New York, NY 10021 USA. Toronto Gen Hosp, Toronto, ON, Canada. Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Pienta, KJ (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Med Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 1091-5362 J9 MOL UROL JI Mol. Urol. PD FAL PY 1998 VL 2 IS 3 BP 157 EP 157 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 154NV UT WOS:000077895900016 ER PT J AU McLeod, D AF McLeod, D TI Radical prostatectomy nu radical prostatectomy preceded by combined androgen blockade in clinical stage B-2 (T2bNxM0) prostate cancer: An update SO MOLECULAR UROLOGY LA English DT Article ID POSITIVE SURGICAL MARGINS; THERAPY; EXTENSION; ANTIGEN; RISK AB Between February 1992 and March 1994, we conducted a randomized multi-institutional trial in the United States. Patients received a radical prostatectomy or a radical prostatectomy preceded by 3 months of androgen deprivation (3 months of leuprolide acetate depot 7.5 mg with a fourth dose given 48 hours prior to surgery and flutamide 250 mg orally every 8 hours). There are 137 patients who had surgery following androgen depletion compared with 138 who had surgery alone who are evaluable for analysis to compare capsular penetration and surgical margins. Since the initial evaluation, there is now a 24-month analysis of postoperative prostate specific antigen (PSA) data-129 patients with preoperative androgen deprivation and 127 who had surgery alone. Survival analysis was used to estimate relapse rates; i,e., PSA > 0.4 ng/mL, The pretreated group had a lower rate of capsular penetration (47% v 78%: P < 0.001) and were less likely to have positive surgical margins (18% v 48%; P < 0.001) and less at the urethral margin (6% v 17%; P < 0.01). However, at this time (24 months), there are 27 patients in both arms who have had recurrences, as judged by PSA, A positive margin has been associated with a higher relapse rate in both groups. Our study shows fewer positive margins and less capsular penetration in those patients pretreated with androgen deprivation, Although the PSA recurrence rates are the same for both groups at the present time, we feel that it is too soon to dismiss out-of-hand the use of neoadjuvant therapy. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Urol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP McLeod, D (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Urol, 4th Fl,Rm 4936,6800 Georgia NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1091-5362 J9 MOL UROL JI Mol. Urol. PD FAL PY 1998 VL 2 IS 3 BP 159 EP 161 PG 3 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 154NV UT WOS:000077895900017 ER PT J AU McLeod, D Civantos, F Schulman, CC Roach, M Grignon, D Fair, WR Bostwick, D Goldenberg, L Garnick, MB Trachtenberg, J AF McLeod, D Civantos, F Schulman, CC Roach, M Grignon, D Fair, WR Bostwick, D Goldenberg, L Garnick, MB Trachtenberg, J TI Radical prostatectomy nu radical prostatectomy preceded by combined androgen blockade in clinical stage B-2 (T2bNxM0) prostate cancer: An update - Discussion SO MOLECULAR UROLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Free Univ Brussels, Hop Erasme, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Wayne State Univ, Harper Hosp, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, New York, NY 10021 USA. Mayo Clin, Rochester, MN USA. Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Toronto Gen Hosp, Toronto, ON, Canada. RP McLeod, D (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 1091-5362 J9 MOL UROL JI Mol. Urol. PD FAL PY 1998 VL 2 IS 3 BP 163 EP 164 PG 2 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 154NV UT WOS:000077895900018 ER PT J AU Moul, JW AF Moul, JW TI Curability of prostate cancer in African Americans: Implications for neoadjuvant/adjuvant hormone therapy SO MOLECULAR UROLOGY LA English DT Article ID RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY; ANTIGEN; MEN; ADENOCARCINOMA AB "Curable" radical prostatectomy (RP) candidates have recently been defined as those men with pathologic organ-confined disease and any grade of cancer or those with specimen-confined disease (but negative margins, seminal vesicles, and nodes) and a tumor Gleason sum less than or equal to 6, Using this working definition, we compared the curability rates in our black and white RP patients to develop age- and race-adjusted PSA screening cutoff points for sensitivity-based diagnosis of curable cancer. The proportion of "curabie" black and white patients was similar overall (45% v 50%) and the actuarial 5-year Kaplan-Meier disease-free survival (DFS) rate was equivalent. However, among the noncurable patients, blacks had a worse DFS (50.7% v 68.4%; P = 0.002), This finding has implications for the use of neoadjuvant and adjuvant hormone therapy in this group of high-risk patients. Age-adjusted PSA values for curable cancer in African-American men are provided. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Urol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Moul, JW (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 12 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 1091-5362 J9 MOL UROL JI Mol. Urol. PD FAL PY 1998 VL 2 IS 3 BP 209 EP 212 PG 4 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 154NV UT WOS:000077895900029 ER PT J AU Giangreco, DM AF Giangreco, DM TI Comment in support of Robert P. Newman's 'Hiroshima and the Trashing of Henry Stimson' SO NEW ENGLAND QUARTERLY-A HISTORICAL REVIEW OF NEW ENGLAND LIFE AND LETTERS LA English DT Letter C1 US Army Command & General Staff Coll, Fort Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Giangreco, DM (reprint author), US Army Command & General Staff Coll, Fort Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NEW ENGLAND QUARTERLY INC PI BOSTON PA MESERVE HALL 243 NORTHEASTERN UNIV 360 HUNTINGTON AVE, BOSTON, MA 02115 USA SN 0028-4866 J9 NEW ENGL QUART JI New Engl. Q.-Hist. Rev. New Engl. Life Lett. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 71 IS 3 BP 481 EP 483 PG 3 WC History; Literature, American SC History; Literature GA 123GU UT WOS:000076118100010 ER PT J AU Albert, DG AF Albert, DG TI Snow cover properties from impulsive noise propagation measurements SO NOISE CONTROL ENGINEERING JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SOUND-PROPAGATION; GROUND SURFACES; IMPEDANCE; MODELS AB The amplitude and waveform shape of atmospheric acoustic pulses, propagating horizontally over a seasonal snow cover, are profoundly changed by the air forced into the snow pores as the pulses move over the surface, When compared with waveforms propagated above other ground surfaces, this interaction greatly reduces the pulse amplitude and elongates the waveform. A comparison between waveforms from blank pistol shots and those calculated for a rigid porous media model for the snow and ground can be used to determine the snow cover properties, By varying the source and receiver positions during the experimental measurements, the spatial variations in snow properties near the edge of a forest were sampled at the site of the 1995 Norwegian winter blast tests, Just inside the forest, the snow became very shallow because of the warming effect of the trees which absorb and reradiate solar energy. This shallow area was detected by an inversion procedure that automatically matches observed and theoretical waveforms, Solar action and heating also produced snow of higher flow resistivity at the forest edge than was found inside the shaded forest, These acoustically derived measurements were in agreement with direct depth measurements and snow pit observations, This waveform inversion procedure is able to accurately determine snow cover conditions, even in the highly variable region at the edge of the forest, Measurements a few days later in an open field, covered with slush instead of dry snow, showed very little pulse attenuation or waveform changes, because rain and melt water had completely filled the snow pores. (C) 1998 Institute of Noise Control Engineering, [S0736-2501(98)00105-2]. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Albert, DG (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 30 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU INST NOISE CONTROL ENG PI POUGHKEEPSIE PA PO BOX 3206 ARLINGTON BRANCH, POUGHKEEPSIE, NY 12603 USA SN 0736-2501 J9 NOISE CONTROL ENG JI Noise Control Eng. J. PD SEP-OCT PY 1998 VL 46 IS 5 BP 208 EP 214 DI 10.3397/1.2828473 PG 7 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Acoustics; Engineering GA 151NM UT WOS:000077726700005 ER PT J AU Sundborg, MJ Taylor, RR Mark, J Elg, SA AF Sundborg, MJ Taylor, RR Mark, J Elg, SA TI Cystoscopy after computed tomography scan to identify bladder invasion in cervical cancer SO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PRESURGICAL EVALUATION; CARCINOMA; CT AB Objective: To determine the clinical utility of cystoscopy to rule out bladder invasion in cervical cancer patients who have had pelvic computed tomographic (CT) scan. Methods: We reviewed charts of 49 patients at Waiter Reed and Tripler Army Medical Centers who had International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage II or greater cervical cancer and who underwent both cystoscopy and CT scan before treatment. Data retrieved included diagnosis, race, age, cystoscopy results, and CT scan reports. These patients were evaluated and treated between January 1, 1991, and September 1997. Results: The mean age of the patients was 50 years. Seven of the women were Asian, five black, six white, one Hispanic, and 30 Pacific Islander. There were 40 squamous cell carcinomas and nine adenocarcinomas. There were 25 stage II, 20 stage III, three stage IV, and one recurrent stage II carcinomas. Three patients with bladder invasion were identified by cystoscopy and all also were identified with possible bladder invasion by CT scan. Two additional cases of possible invasion seen on CT scan proved not to be invasion with cystoscopy. The positive predictive valve of CT scan in predicting bladder invasion was 60% (three of five). The negative predictive valve of CT scan in predicting bladder invasion was 100%. Conclusion: The utility of performing cystoscopy to rule out bladder invasion in a patient with no evidence of bladder involvement on CT scan is low and might not be necessary. (Obstet Gynecol 1998;92:364-6.). C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Sundborg, MJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 10 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0029-7844 J9 OBSTET GYNECOL JI Obstet. Gynecol. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 92 IS 3 BP 364 EP 366 DI 10.1016/S0029-7844(98)00211-7 PG 3 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 112NL UT WOS:000075500600009 PM 9721771 ER PT J AU Cockerham, KP Kennerdell, JS Celin, SE Fechter, HP AF Cockerham, KP Kennerdell, JS Celin, SE Fechter, HP TI Liposarcoma of the orbit: A management challenge SO OPHTHALMIC PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY LA English DT Article DE liposarcoma; recurrence; radiation ID SOFT-TISSUE SARCOMA; RADIATION AB A previously healthy 35-year-old man was experiencing slowly progressive, painless proptosis of the right eye. Visual function was normal, but supraduction was limited. Computed tomography revealed a superior, extraconal orbital mass. Subtotal excision was performed, and a diagnosis of liposarcoma was rendered only with expert analysis. Despite subsequent orbital exenteration and postoperative radiation, a local recurrence developed 5 years later. The clinical features that predict recurrence, and management options that may promote longevity, are discussed. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Ophthalmol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Cockerham, KP (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Ophthalmol Serv, 7100 Georgia Ave, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 16 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0740-9303 J9 OPHTHALMIC PLAST REC JI Ophthalmic Plast. Reconstr. Surg. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 14 IS 5 BP 370 EP 374 DI 10.1097/00002341-199809000-00013 PG 5 WC Ophthalmology; Surgery SC Ophthalmology; Surgery GA 122UW UT WOS:000076090700014 PM 9783291 ER PT J AU Mait, JN Prather, DW Mirotznik, MS AF Mait, JN Prather, DW Mirotznik, MS TI Binary subwavelength diffractive-lens design SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GRATINGS; ELEMENTS AB We present a procedure for the design of binary diffractive lenses with pulse-width-modulated subwavelength features. The procedure is based on the combination of two approximate theories, effective medium theory and scalar diffraction theory, and accounts for limitations on feature size and etch depth imposed by fabrication. A design example is presented. (C) 1998 Optical Society of America. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, SE, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Univ Delaware, Dept Elect Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. Catholic Univ Amer, Dept Elect Engn, Washington, DC 20064 USA. RP Mait, JN (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, SE, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 14 TC 28 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 6 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD SEP 1 PY 1998 VL 23 IS 17 BP 1343 EP 1345 DI 10.1364/OL.23.001343 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 115ZX UT WOS:000075697400005 PM 18091779 ER PT J AU Sanders, JO Maynard, PR Hersh, CK AF Sanders, JO Maynard, PR Hersh, CK TI The prognostic value of computed tomography in developmental dysplasia of the hip. SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Portsmouth Naval Hosp, Portsmouth, Hants, England. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Shriners Hosp Children, Erie, PA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD SEP PY 1998 VL 102 IS 3 SU 1 BP 733 EP 733 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 117YM UT WOS:000075810500138 ER PT J AU Carpenter, DT Larkin, H O'Neill, JT Chang, A Morris, E Curtis, J AF Carpenter, DT Larkin, H O'Neill, JT Chang, A Morris, E Curtis, J TI Group B streptococcus-induced pulmonary hypertension is unaltered by inhibitors of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide in the lamb. SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Pediat, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Natl Naval Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD SEP PY 1998 VL 102 IS 3 SU 1 BP 751 EP 752 PG 2 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 117YM UT WOS:000075810500184 ER PT J AU Wightman, DC AF Wightman, DC TI Studying your workforce: Applied research methods and tools for the training and development practitioner. SO PERSONNEL PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Inst Res, Ft Rucker, AL 36362 USA. RP Wightman, DC (reprint author), USA, Inst Res, Ft Rucker, AL 36362 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERSONNEL PSYCHOLOGY INC PI BOWLING GREEN PA 745 HASKINS ROAD, SUITE A, BOWLING GREEN, OH 43402 USA SN 0031-5826 J9 PERS PSYCHOL JI Pers. Psychol. PD FAL PY 1998 VL 51 IS 3 BP 800 EP 802 PG 3 WC Psychology, Applied; Management SC Psychology; Business & Economics GA 121JN UT WOS:000076010400032 ER PT J AU Akozbek, N John, S AF Akozbek, N John, S TI Self-induced transparency solitary waves in a doped nonlinear photonic band gap material SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID QUINTIC SCHRODINGER-EQUATION; PULSE-PROPAGATION; RESONANT MEDIUM; SOLITONS AB We derive the properties of self-induced transparency (SIT) solitary waves in a one-dimensional periodic structure doped uniformly with resonance two-level atoms. In our model, the electromagnetic field is treated classically and the dopant atoms are described quantum mechanically. The resulting solitary waves take the form of ultrashort (picosecond) laser pulses which propagate near the band edge of the nonlinear photonic band gap (PBG) material doped with rare-earth atoms such as erbium. Solitary wave formation involves the combined effects of group velocity dispersion (GVD), nonresonant Ken nonlinearity, and resonant interaction with dopant atoms. We derive the general Maxwell-Bloch equations for a nonlinear PEG system and then demonstrate the existence of elementary solitary wave solutions for frequencies far outside the gap where GVD effects are negligible and for frequencies near the photonic band edge where GVD effects are crucial. We find two distinct new types of propagating SIT solitary wave pulses. Far from Bragg resonance, we recapture the usual McCall-Hahn soliton with hyperbolic secant profile when the nonlinear Ken coefficient chi((3)) = 0. However, when the host nonresonant Ken coefficient is nonzero, we obtain the first new type of soliton. In this case, the optical soliton envelope function deviates from the hyperbolic secant profile and pulse propagation requires nontrivial phase modulation (chirping). We derive the dependence of the solitary wave structure on the Ken coefficient chi((3)), the resonance impurity atom density, and the detuning of the average laser frequency from the atomic transition. When the laser frequency and the atomic transition frequencies are near the photonic band edge we obtain the second type of soliton. To illustrate the second type of soliton we consider two special cases. In the first case, GVD facilitates the propagation of an unchirped SIT-gap soliton moving at a velocity fixed by the material's parameters. The soliton structure changes dramatically as the laser frequency is tuned through the atomic resonance. In the second illustrative case we set the Ken coefficient chi((3)) = 0 In this case, the solution is a chirped pulse which arises from the balance between GVD and the resonance interaction with the dopant atoms. Finally, we show that under certain circumstances, these solitary wave solutions may persist even in the presence of (subpicosecond) dipolar dephasing of the dopant atoms and absorption losses of the host PEG material, provided that the system is incoherently pumped. These results may be relevant to the application of PEG materials as optical devices in fiber-optic networks. C1 Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. RP Akozbek, N (reprint author), USA, Aviat & Missile Command, AMSAM, RD,WS,ST, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. NR 29 TC 52 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD SEP PY 1998 VL 58 IS 3 BP 3876 EP 3895 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.58.3876 PN B PG 20 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 121HM UT WOS:000076007400073 ER PT J AU Lee, C Gido, SP Poulos, Y Hadjichristidis, N Tan, NB Trevino, SF Mays, JW AF Lee, C Gido, SP Poulos, Y Hadjichristidis, N Tan, NB Trevino, SF Mays, JW TI pi-shaped double-graft copolymers: effect of molecular architecture on morphology SO POLYMER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Metastability and Critical Phenomena in Polymers and Polymer Phase Transitions at the Spring Materials-Research-Society Meeting CY 1997 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA SP Mat Res Soc DE block copolymer; graft copolymer; morphology ID STAR BLOCK-COPOLYMERS; MICROPHASE SEPARATION; CONFORMATIONAL ASYMMETRY; STYRENE; EQUILIBRIUM; ISOPRENE; DIBLOCK AB The morphologies formed by block copolymers with a double-graft, pi or (S,I)I'(S,I) architecture were investigated using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and small angle neutron scattering (SANS). Here S and I represent blocks of polystyrene and polyisoprene, respectively. These materials were synthesized using anionic polymerization and chlorosilane linking, and they were characterized using size exclusion chromatography, membrane osmometry, and low-angle laser light scattering. This characterization work confirmed the desired molecular architectures and narrow molecular weight distributions. The results of morphological characterization indicate that one can understand complex grafting architectures by decomposing them into fundamental building blocks, which are taken as the component single-graft structures out of which the larger structure is constructed. We propose rules for dividing structures into these components, which we call constituting block copolymers. For the a double-graft architecture, the constituting block copolymer is an asymmetric single-graft block copolymer. The morphological behaviour of the more complex double-graft architecture is approximately equivalent to that of the constituting single-graft block copolymer. Through the use of the constituting block copolymers we map the experimentally determined morphological behaviour of eight materials with a architecture onto the morphology diagram calculated by Milner for miktoarm stars. As in our previous study of asymmetric single-graft block copolymers, the asymmetry of the graft location along the backbone requires a generalization of the molecular asymmetry parameter, epsilon, used in the calculated morphology diagram. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Massachusetts, Dept Polymer Sci & Engn, M Keck Electron Microscopy Lab, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. Univ Athens, Dept Chem, Athens 15771, Greece. Inst Elect Struct & Laser, Heraklion 71110, Crete, Greece. USA, Polymers Res Branch, Res Lab, APG, Gaithersburg, MD USA. NIST, Div Reactor Radiat, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. Univ Alabama, Dept Chem, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. RP Gido, SP (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Polymer Sci & Engn, M Keck Electron Microscopy Lab, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. NR 32 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0032-3861 J9 POLYMER JI Polymer PD SEP PY 1998 VL 39 IS 19 BP 4631 EP 4638 PG 8 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA ZZ543 UT WOS:000074740500018 ER PT J AU Moul, JW Mooneyhan, RM Kao, TC McLeod, DG Cruess, DF AF Moul, JW Mooneyhan, RM Kao, TC McLeod, DG Cruess, DF TI Preoperative and operative factors to predict incontinence, impotence and stricture after radical prostatectomy SO PROSTATE CANCER AND PROSTATIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE prostate; cancer; incontinence; impotence; stricture; radical prostatectomy ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; URINARY-INCONTINENCE; CANCER; MORBIDITY; MEN; EXPERIENCE; HEALTH AB The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of patient-self reported post prostatectomy incontinence, impotence, bladder neck contracture or stricture, better, same or worse quality of life and willingness for same treatment again in a large group of radical prostatectomy (RP) patients and to determine if these morbidities are predictable with demographic, surgical or prostate cancer (PC) factors. Methods: A patient self-reporting questionnaire was completed and returned by 374 out of 458 eligible (81.7%) RP patients from one center, 267 (72.2%) have been operated since 1990 and all of whom were a minimum six month postoperative (75% >1y). Questionnaire results were independently analyzed by a third party and correlated to demographic, operative, and tumor factors in an ongoing comprehensive PC database. Results: The patient self-reported incidence of post prostatectomy incontinence (any degree), impotence, and bladder neck contracture or stricture was 72.2, 87.4, and 25.9%, respectively. The reported rate of incontinence requiring protection was 39.0% and only 2.4% had persistent bladder neck contracture/stricture. Pathologic stage (continuous variable) was the only factor to significantly predict incontinence and no factor could predict impotence or bladder neck contracture/stricture in univariate analysis. No factor was predictive of morbidity by multivariate analysis. Despite incontinence and impotence significantly affecting QOL self-reporting (P = 0.001, 0.001, respectively) and willingness to undergo RP again (P = 0.001, 0.067, respectively), the majority of patients would choose surgery again. Conclusions: Although radical prostatectomy morbidity is common and affects patient-reported overall QOL, most patients would choose the same treatment again. Demographic, preoperative, operative, and tumor factors did not reliably predict patient-reported morbidity in this series. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Ctr prostate Dis Res, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Urol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Div Epidemiol & Biostat, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Moul, JW (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Ctr prostate Dis Res, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 21 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU STOCKTON PRESS PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, HAMPSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 1365-7852 J9 PROSTATE CANCER P D JI Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 1 IS 5 BP 242 EP 249 DI 10.1038/sj.pcan.4500248 PG 8 WC Oncology; Urology & Nephrology SC Oncology; Urology & Nephrology GA 123FF UT WOS:000076114600005 ER PT J AU Stenner, J DeAntoni, EP O'Donnell, C Stone, NN McLeod, DG Crawford, ED AF Stenner, J DeAntoni, EP O'Donnell, C Stone, NN McLeod, DG Crawford, ED TI Prevalence and natural history of urinary symptoms in a longitudinal national prostate cancer screening (community-based) study SO PROSTATE CANCER AND PROSTATIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE prostatic hyperplasia; prostate; urination disorders; age factors; epidemiology ID VOIDING SYMPTOMS; TRACT SYMPTOMS; AMERICAN; HYPERPLASIA; MEN; INDEX; SPECIFICITY; HYPERTROPHY; SCORES; IMPACT AB The AUA Symptom score (AUASS) was administered for three consecutive years to participants in a national prostate cancer screening study. Although the prevalence symptom free (AUSS = 0) individuals was very low (< 7%) in this cohort of 16 000 men, mean AUASS and proportion of men in the mild, moderate and severe categories are equivalent to community-based studies from around the world. Across all ages and races, AUASS drops after 12 months but returns to original levels at 24 months. No differences in AUASS were noted for race when adjusted for age. Age is most strongly correlated to the increase in AUASS and to the severity of urinary symptoms. C1 Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Urol, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Urol, Elmhurst, NY USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Urol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP DeAntoni, EP (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Urol, 4200 E 9th Ave,C319, Denver, CO 80262 USA. NR 23 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU STOCKTON PRESS PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, HAMPSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 1365-7852 J9 PROSTATE CANCER P D JI Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 1 IS 5 BP 256 EP 261 DI 10.1038/sj.pcan.4500243 PG 6 WC Oncology; Urology & Nephrology SC Oncology; Urology & Nephrology GA 123FF UT WOS:000076114600007 ER PT J AU Jackson, JL O'Malley, PG Kroenke, K AF Jackson, JL O'Malley, PG Kroenke, K TI Clinical predictors of mental disorders among medical outpatients - Validation of the "S4" model SO PSYCHOSOMATICS LA English DT Article ID CASE-FINDING INSTRUMENTS; PRIMARY-CARE; PSYCHIATRIC-DISORDERS; PHYSICAL COMPLAINTS; DEPRESSION; PREVALENCE; SOMATIZATION; EXPECTATIONS; ANXIETY AB The authors previously reported four clinical cues that predicted a subgroup of ambulatory patients likely to have,depressive and anxiety disorders. The authors' purpose in this study was to validate this model in another cohort of 185 consecutive adult referrals to a rheumatology clinic. The authors found 4 variables important in predicting mental disorders: recent stress (odds ratio [OR]: 3.3, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.5-7.2); >5 somatic symptoms (OR: 4.5, 95% CI: 1.1-9.5); only fair or poor health status (OR: 3.4, 95% CI: 1.6-7.4); and symptom severity (OR: 1.6, 95% CI: 0.8-3.6). There was a stepwise increase in the likelihood of a mental disorder with an increasing number of predictors. The authors conclude that these clinical cues may allow clinicians to select patients in which formal screening for mental disorders would be particularly fruitful. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, EDP, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Indianapolis, IN USA. Regenstrief Inst Hlth Care, Dept Med, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. RP Jackson, JL (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, EDP, 4301 Jones Bridge Bldg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 24 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0033-3182 J9 PSYCHOSOMATICS JI Psychosomatics PD SEP-OCT PY 1998 VL 39 IS 5 BP 431 EP 436 PG 6 WC Psychiatry; Psychology SC Psychiatry; Psychology GA 121ZZ UT WOS:000076047100005 PM 9775700 ER PT J AU Chapman, AW AF Chapman, AW TI History of the Office of the Secretary of Defense, vol 4, Into the missile age, 1935-1960 SO PUBLIC HISTORIAN LA English DT Book Review C1 US Army Training & Doctrine Command, Ft Monroe, VA USA. RP Chapman, AW (reprint author), US Army Training & Doctrine Command, Ft Monroe, VA USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CALIF PRESS PI BERKELEY PA JOURNALS DEPT 2120 BERKELEY WAY, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA SN 0272-3433 J9 PUBL HISTORIAN JI Public Hist. PD FAL PY 1998 VL 20 IS 4 BP 99 EP 101 PG 3 WC History SC History GA 141WR UT WOS:000077167700024 ER PT J AU Murphey, MD Flemming, DJ Boyea, SR Bojescul, JA Sweet, DE Temple, HT AF Murphey, MD Flemming, DJ Boyea, SR Bojescul, JA Sweet, DE Temple, HT TI Enchondroma versus chondrosarcoma in the appendicular skeleton: Differentiating features SO RADIOGRAPHICS LA English DT Article DE bone neoplasms; bone neoplasms, diagnosis; enchondroma; sarcoma ID MALIGNANT CARTILAGE TUMORS; BONE-LESIONS; MR; RADIOLOGY; BIOLOGY; GRADE; RADIOGRAPHY; APPEARANCE; PATHOLOGY; DIAGNOSIS AB Distinction of enchondroma versus intramedullary chondrosarcoma affecting the appendicular skeleton (proximal to the metacarpals and metatarsals) is a frequent diagnostic dilemma, The authors studied a large series of patients with these lesions (92 with enchondromas, 95 with chondrosarcomas) using statistical assessment of both clinical parameters and numerous radiologic manifestations on images from multiple modalities to identify differentiating features. Multiple clinical and imaging parameters demonstrated statistically significant differences between enchondroma and chondrosarcoma, particularly pain related to the lesion, deep endosteal scalloping (greater than two-thirds of cortical thickness), cortical destruction and soft-tissue mass (at computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging), periosteal reaction (at radiography), and marked uptake of radionuclide (greater than the anterior iliac crest) at bone scintigraphy, All of these features strongly suggested the diagnosis of chondrosarcoma, These criteria allow distinction of appendicular enchondroma and chondrosarcoma in at least 90% of cases. C1 Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Radiol Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Orthoped Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Radiol & Nucl Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. USN, Natl Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Bethesda, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthoped Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Murphey, MD (reprint author), Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Radiol Pathol, Bldg 54,Rm M-121,16th & Alaska Sts NW, Washington, DC 20306 USA. NR 45 TC 111 Z9 126 U1 1 U2 7 PU RADIOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PI EASTON PA 20TH AND NORTHAMPTON STS, EASTON, PA 18042 USA SN 0271-5333 J9 RADIOGRAPHICS JI Radiographics PD SEP-OCT PY 1998 VL 18 IS 5 BP 1213 EP 1237 PG 25 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 117BJ UT WOS:000075759800017 PM 9747616 ER PT J AU Westhuis, DJ Hayashi, R Hart, L Cousert, D Spinks, M AF Westhuis, DJ Hayashi, R Hart, L Cousert, D Spinks, M TI Evaluating treatment issues in a military drug and alcohol treatment program SO RESEARCH ON SOCIAL WORK PRACTICE LA English DT Article ID SEX-DIFFERENCES; SUBSTANCE-ABUSE; WOMEN; POPULATION; DEPENDENCE; DISORDERS; DIAGNOSIS AB The objectives of this study were to determine if there is a requirement for gender-specific substance abuse treatment approaches for men and women, if women and men can be efficaciously treated in an integrated gender nonspecific program, and what the predictors of success in an Employee Assistance Program are. The study used a quasi-experimental pre-post design and had a sample size of 120,775 soldiers treated in the U.S. Army's drug and alcohol program. The results indicated that women were more successful in the program than men; that treatment combinations using group, Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) and an educational focus were the most successful for both men and women; and that length of time in treatment had no impact on treatment success for women and only minimal impact for men. Men and women also differed on various other demographic and treatment variables and their effect on success. For men and women to be successfully treated in a gender-nonspecific program the recommended treatments for men and women should have a group and educational focus, bur clinicians must remain cognizant of gender-related differences when assessing and treating the two groups. C1 Univ So Indiana, Dept Social Work, Evansville, IN 47712 USA. USA, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Westhuis, DJ (reprint author), Univ So Indiana, Dept Social Work, 8600 Univ Blvd, Evansville, IN 47712 USA. NR 41 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1049-7315 J9 RES SOCIAL WORK PRAC JI Res. Soc. Work. Pract. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 8 IS 5 BP 501 EP 519 DI 10.1177/104973159800800501 PG 19 WC Social Work SC Social Work GA 117UM UT WOS:000075800800001 ER PT J AU O'Benar, JD Bruttig, SP Wade, CE Dubick, MA AF O'Benar, JD Bruttig, SP Wade, CE Dubick, MA TI Hemodynamic and metabolic responses to repeated hemorrhage and resuscitation with hypertonic saline dextran in conscious swine SO SHOCK LA English DT Article ID SMALL-VOLUME RESUSCITATION; NACL 6-PERCENT DEXTRAN-70; SODIUM-CHLORIDE DEXTRAN; 7.5-PERCENT NACL; SHOCK MODEL; INFUSION; DOGS; EFFICACY; PLASMA; FLUID AB Previous work in our laboratory has demonstrated that HSD is an effective small-volume resuscitation fluid for the treatment of hemorrhagic hypotension, but limitations to its usefulness in severe hemorrhage have not been explored. In the present study, animals (N = 12) were bled from an arterial line at a rate of 1 mL/kg/min until continuously monitored aortic blood flow was reduced to one-half its baseline value, and then they were immediately resuscitated with 7.5% NaCl/6% dextran 70 (hypertonic saline dextran, 4 mL/kg) administered intravenously over 3 min. After recording the maximum improvement in blood pressure, blood samples were obtained and the hemorrhage-resuscitation sequence was repeated until no further measurable increase in cardiac index or blood pressure could be elicited by resuscitation. In the majority of the animals, cardiac index and right and left ventricular stroke work could be improved at least through two bleedings and resuscitation. These improvements sufficed to increase oxygen delivery and consumption, despite the decreases in hematocrit induced by bleeding, transcapillary refill, and asanguineous fluid administration. Under these severe hemorrhage conditions, the acid-base imbalance was not improved by hypertonic saline dextran, and the rate of increase in acidosis was not affected by its administration. We observed a progressive decrease in base excess from +1.35 +/- 3.19 (mean +/- standard error) to -12.9 +/- 2.1 mEq/L even when resuscitation improved oxygen consumption significantly by 95 +/- 20%. In animals that survived as many as three bleedings and resuscitation, the depletion of buffering capacity of the blood was most predominant, and bicarbonate reached a nadir of 7.62 mEq/L with a base excess of -22.4 mEq/L. It is evident that restoration of perfusion in shock treats only a portion of the physiologic dysfunction, leaving major metabolic derangements uncorrected. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, MTR Branch, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. USA, Med Res & Mat Command, Combat Casualty Care Res Program, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. BioPhausia, S-574174 Uppsala, Sweden. RP Dubick, MA (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, MTR Branch, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 33 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU BIOMEDICAL PRESS PI AUGUSTA PA 1021 15TH ST, BIOTECH PARK STE 9,, AUGUSTA, GA 30901 USA SN 1073-2322 J9 SHOCK JI Shock PD SEP PY 1998 VL 10 IS 3 BP 223 EP 228 DI 10.1097/00024382-199809000-00012 PG 6 WC Critical Care Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC General & Internal Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 117KX UT WOS:000075781400012 PM 9744652 ER PT J AU Yen, J Petzold, LR AF Yen, J Petzold, LR TI An efficient Newton-type iteration for the numerical solution of highly oscillatory constrained multibody dynamic systems SO SIAM JOURNAL ON SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE initial value problems; differential-algebraic equations; multibody systems; highly oscillatory systems; error bound ID DIFFERENTIAL-ALGEBRAIC EQUATIONS; RUNGE-KUTTA METHODS AB In this paper we present a coordinate-split (CS) technique for the numerical solution of the equations of motion of constrained multibody dynamic systems. We show how the CS technique can be implemented within the context of commonly used solution methods, for increased effciency and reliability. A particularly challenging problem for multibody dynamics is the numerical solution of highly oscillatory nonlinear mechanical systems. Highly stable implicit integration methods with large stepsizes can be used to damp the oscillation, if it is of small amplitude. However, the standard Newton iteration is known to experience severe convergence difficulties which force a restriction of the stepsize. We introduce a modified coordinate-split (CM) iteration which overcomes these problems. Convergence analysis explains the improved convergence for nonlinear oscillatory systems, and numerical experiments illustrate the effectiveness of the new method. C1 Univ Minnesota, Dept Comp Sci, Minneapolis, MN 55415 USA. Univ Minnesota, Army High Performance Comp Res Ctr, Minneapolis, MN 55415 USA. RP Yen, J (reprint author), United Def, Dept Syst Engn, LP,4800 E River Rd, Minneapolis, MN 55421 USA. EM yen@cs.umn.edu; petzold@engineering.ucsb.edu NR 28 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 2 PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA SN 1064-8275 J9 SIAM J SCI COMPUT JI SIAM J. Sci. Comput. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 19 IS 5 BP 1513 EP 1534 DI 10.1137/S1064827596297227 PG 22 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA 107ZL UT WOS:000075241100007 ER PT J AU Vanel, D Shapeero, LG Tardivon, A Western, A Guinebretiere, JM AF Vanel, D Shapeero, LG Tardivon, A Western, A Guinebretiere, JM TI Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI with subtraction of aggressive soft tissue tumors after resection SO SKELETAL RADIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE MRI; soft tissue tumors; follow-up; dynamic study (MRI); contrast medium (MRI) ID MUSCULOSKELETAL TUMORS; FOLLOW-UP; CHEMOTHERAPY; OSTEOSARCOMA; IMAGES AB Objective. To report the application of dynamic contrast-enhanced subtraction MRI for detecting recurrences in aggressive or malignant soft tissue tumors. Design. The imaging studies consisted of static (T1- and T2-weighted spin-echo) acquisitions, followed by dynamic conventional spin-echo short TR/TE images (at 45 s, 1 min 30 s and 5 min) after a bolus of intravenous contrast medium. Contrast images were subtracted from the precontrast scan on the console. Patients. Ninety-eight patients were studied who had had aggressive or malignant soft tissue tumors treated by surgery, and were followed up to assess recurrences. Results. Subtraction MRI characterized recurrences better than routine sequences in 10 patients (1 lesion was seen only with this technique, 6 were better delineated, and 3 inflammatory pseudotumors were identified), and less well in 4 cases. Conclusion. As the number of levels studied on dynamic images is limited, and all but one recurrence were detected on T2-weighted images, it remains logical to start the examination with T2-weighted spin-echo images, and to use the dynamic study only if contrast injection is required. C1 Inst Gustave Roussy, Dept Radiol, F-94805 Villejuif, France. Ctr Interestab Resonance Magnet, Le Kremlin Bicetre, France. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Radiol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Washington, DC 20376 USA. Nycomed Imaging AS, Oslo, Norway. Inst Gustave Roussy, Dept Pathol, Villejuif, France. RP Vanel, D (reprint author), Inst Gustave Roussy, Dept Radiol, 39 Rue Camille Desmoulins, F-94805 Villejuif, France. NR 22 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0364-2348 J9 SKELETAL RADIOL JI Skeletal Radiol. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 27 IS 9 BP 505 EP 510 PG 6 WC Orthopedics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Orthopedics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 128KU UT WOS:000076405500006 PM 9809880 ER PT J AU Marino, R Green, RG Young, E AF Marino, R Green, RG Young, E TI Beyond the scientist-practitioner model's failure to thrive: Social workers' participation in agency-based research activities SO SOCIAL WORK RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID SCIENCE C1 Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Sch Social Work, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. US Army, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Marino, R (reprint author), Chester House,11745 Chester Rd, Chester, VA 23831 USA. NR 26 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ASSOC SOCIAL WORKERS PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST, NE, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4241 USA SN 1070-5309 J9 SOC WORK RES JI Soc. Work Res. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 22 IS 3 BP 188 EP 192 PG 5 WC Social Work SC Social Work GA 115QF UT WOS:000075675600007 ER PT J AU Schow, DA Renfer, LG Rozanski, TA Thompson, IM AF Schow, DA Renfer, LG Rozanski, TA Thompson, IM TI Prevalence of hot flushes during and after neoadjuvant hormonal therapy for localized prostate cancer SO SOUTHERN MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY; ANDROGEN WITHDRAWAL; CARCINOMA; ORCHIECTOMY; MEN AB Objectives. We sought to deter-mine the prevalence of hot flushes after neoadjuvant hormonal therapy. Methods. Forty-three patients who received neoadjuvant hormonal therapy before radical prostatectomy were asked to complete a questionnaire regarding hot flushes. Results. Complete information was available for 35 of the 43 patients. No hot flushes were noted in 20%; in 69%, hot flushes were noted during treatment but resolved after termination of treatment; and in 11%, hot flushes continued for at least 3 months after cessation of hormonal therapy. Analyzing the data with respect to duration of hormonal therapy showed that patients receiving neoadjuvant hormonal therapy for more than 4 months had the highest incidence of persistent hot flushes. Conclusions. Hot flushes will be noted in 80% of patients who receive neoadjuvant hormonal therapy. In approximately 10%, hot flushes will continue for a significant period after hormonal therapy is terminated. Patients should be apprised of this potential side effect. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Serv Urol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Thompson, IM (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Serv Urol, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 15 TC 48 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOUTHERN MEDICAL ASSN PI BIRMINGHAM PA 35 LAKESHORE DR PO BOX 190088, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35219 USA SN 0038-4348 J9 SOUTHERN MED J JI South.Med.J. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 91 IS 9 BP 855 EP 857 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 119CR UT WOS:000075878200010 PM 9743058 ER PT J AU Marin, MR McMillian, D AF Marin, MR McMillian, D TI Ulnar neuropathy associated with subdermal contraceptive implant SO SOUTHERN MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID U-TECHNIQUE; NORPLANT; EXPERIENCE; INSERTION; REMOVAL; SYMPTOMS; SYSTEM AB Side effects are a common occurrence in the use of subdermal contraceptive implants (Norplant); approximately 70% to 80% of women using the device report abnormal uterine bleeding, headaches, acne, mastalgia, nervousness, appetite changes, and weight gain. Local implant site reactions range from 0.4% to 4.7%, with pain being the most common. Other insertion site complications include infection and implant expulsion. Only three cases have been described in the literature concerning implant site-related neuropathy, involving the sensory branch of the musculocutaneous nerve (lateral cutaneous nerve) in two cases and the antebrachial cutaneous nerve in the third case. We believe our report is the first case of an axonal loosing motor and sensory ulnar neuropathy associated with the removal of a subdermal contraceptive implant (Norplant). We review insertion site complications and their most likely causes. Also, we discuss alternative removal techniques for difficult-to-remove implants. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Marin, MR (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 22 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOUTHERN MEDICAL ASSN PI BIRMINGHAM PA 35 LAKESHORE DR PO BOX 190088, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35219 USA SN 0038-4348 J9 SOUTHERN MED J JI South.Med.J. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 91 IS 9 BP 875 EP 878 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 119CR UT WOS:000075878200017 ER PT J AU Chisick, MC Poindexter, FR York, AK AF Chisick, MC Poindexter, FR York, AK TI Comparing tobacco use among incoming recruits and military personnel on active duty in the United States SO TOBACCO CONTROL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 18th Annual Scientific Session of the Society-of-Behavioral-Medicine CY APR 16-19, 1997 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA SP Soc Behav Med DE tobacco use; military personnel; United States ID CIGARETTE-SMOKING AB Objective-To compare the tobacco use profile of recruits with that of military personnel on active duty to determine whether the military environment in some way induces service members to initiate tobacco use. Design and setting-Cross-sectional survey of United States armed forces active;duty and recruit personnel in 1994-95. Subjects-2711 military recruits and 4603 military personnel on active duty. Main outcome measures-Comparative cigarette smoking and smokeless tobacco use prevalence between recruits and personnel on active duty controlling for age, sex, and race. Impact of demographic factors on the odds of smoking or using smokeless tobacco. Results-Increases in tobacco use in American military personnel occurred exclusively in men. The highest tobacco use resided with white men on active duty (43% cigarette smoking; 24% smokeless tobacco use) and represents a doubling of tobacco use seen among white male recruits. Among non-white men, tobacco use increased 2-4 times between recruits and personnel on active duty. Conclusions Efforts to reduce tobacco use by American military personnel on active duty should focus more on discouraging the initiation of tobacco use. C1 USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. USN, Res Inst Detachment, Bethesda, MD 20084 USA. RP Chisick, MC (reprint author), 2422 Bibury Lane,apartment 203, Baltimore, MD 21244 USA. NR 15 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 1 PU BRITISH MED JOURNAL PUBL GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0964-4563 J9 TOB CONTROL JI Tob. Control PD FAL PY 1998 VL 7 IS 3 BP 236 EP 240 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 161TR UT WOS:000078306100015 PM 9825417 ER PT J AU Simeonsson, JB Sausa, RC AF Simeonsson, JB Sausa, RC TI Laser photofragmentation/fragment detection techniques for chemical analysis of the gas phase SO TRAC-TRENDS IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE laser photofragmentation; fragment detection; techniques; photofragmentation ID MULTIPHOTON IONIZATION; INDUCED FLUORESCENCE; PHOTOIONIZATION SPECTROMETRY; PHOTOFRAGMENT FLUORESCENCE; FEMTOSECOND LASER; PHOTO-IONIZATION; MULTI-PHOTON; FRAGMENTATION; SPECTROSCOPY; DISSOCIATION AB Laser photofragmentation/fragment detection techniques utilize one or multiple lasers for photolysis of the analyte species and spectroscopic detection of the characteristic photofragments. Fragment detection techniques include laser-induced fluorescence, photoionization, prompt emission, stimulated emission, and laser ionization recombination emission spectroscopies. Applications for chemical analysis of the gas phase have been performed by the detection of atomic and molecular fragments. Recent reports of photofragmentation/fragment detection approaches are presented and the outlook for future applications is discussed. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Iowa, Dept Chem, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, WM,BD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Simeonsson, JB (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Dept Chem, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. NR 37 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-9936 J9 TRAC-TREND ANAL CHEM JI Trac-Trends Anal. Chem. PD SEP-OCT PY 1998 VL 17 IS 8-9 BP 542 EP 550 DI 10.1016/S0165-9936(98)00055-7 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 121UE UT WOS:000076031700019 ER PT J AU Popper, AN Carlson, TJ AF Popper, AN Carlson, TJ TI Application of sound and other stimuli to control fish behavior SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY LA English DT Review ID GEOPHYSICAL SURVEY DEVICE; LANDLOCKED RED SALMON; LOW-FREQUENCY SOUND; SENSORY HAIR-CELLS; INNER-EAR; LATERAL-LINE; ATLANTIC SALMON; MAUTHNER CELL; ASTRONOTUS-OCELLATUS; AVOIDANCE RESPONSES AB This paper reviews the application of several sensory signals for their possible use in the control and modification of fish behavior but emphasizes the use of sound. Basic principles of underwater acoustics are introduced, followed by an overview of the structures and function of the fish ear and lateral line. Sounds in the sonic, infrasonic, and ultrasonic ranges are potentially useful for controlling fish behavior. However, most experiments testing the usefulness of such sounds have given ambiguous results except when ultrasound has been used to control some clupeid species. Very little is known about the potential usefulness of chemical and electric signals (other than electric shocks) for behavioral control. A substantial literature on the use of light to attract or repel fish offers encouraging possibilities for this control medium in some circumstances. We conclude that too little is actually known about the suitability of various signals for control of fish behavior. Many variables, such as time of day and age of the fish, affect the effectiveness even of signals that seem to "work." These variables can influence the success or failure of a technique and need to be considered in the evaluation of any stimulus considered for the control fish behavior. Moreover, it is increasingly apparent that flow field has a powerful effect on the local success of one stimulus or another. We suggest that sound and light be further explored for control of fish behavior, particularly in combination. This work cannot be done with only field studies or only laboratory studies or by only applied biologists or only basic scientists; all methods and expertise are needed. Finally, no behavioral control method will work unless the behavior of the subject species is thoroughly understood in each place of application. C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Biol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Popper, AN (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Biol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM ap17@umail.umd.edu NR 218 TC 81 Z9 83 U1 6 U2 39 PU AMER FISHERIES SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA SN 0002-8487 J9 T AM FISH SOC JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 127 IS 5 BP 673 EP 707 DI 10.1577/1548-8659(1998)127<0673:AOSAOS>2.0.CO;2 PG 35 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 142JY UT WOS:000077198200001 ER PT J AU Steele, KE Davis, KJ Stephan, K Kell, W Vogel, P Hart, MK AF Steele, KE Davis, KJ Stephan, K Kell, W Vogel, P Hart, MK TI Comparative neurovirulence and tissue tropism of wild-type and attenuated strains of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus administered by aerosol in C3H/HeN and BALB/c mice SO VETERINARY PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE alphavirus; brain; immunohistochemistry; in situ hybridization; mice; olfactory tract; Venezuelan equine encephalitis ID SINDBIS VIRUS; CELL-CULTURE; MUTANTS; PATHOGENESIS; INFECTION; GLYCOPROTEINS; VIRULENCE; VACCINES; HAMSTERS; RECEPTOR AB To assess the potential for aerosol administration of vaccines for Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEE), we compared the neurovirulence and tissue tropism of the wild-type Trinidad donkey (TrD) strain to those of the attenuated TC83 and V3526 strains of VEE in mice. Six to 8-week-old female C3H/HeN and BALB/c mice were aerosol exposed to one of the three VEE strains. Three mice of each strain were euthanatized at different times and their tissues were processed and stained using hematoxylin and eosin, immunohistochemistry, and in situ hybridization. All three viral strains infected the brains of mice and induced encephalitis. TrD spread caudally from the olfactory bulbs to all regions of the brain, caused widespread necrotizing panencephalitis by day 5, and resulted in 100% mortality (geometric mean = 7 days) in both mouse strains. By comparison, TC83 relatively spared the caudal regions of the brain but still caused 100% mortality in the C3H/HeN mice (geometric mean = 12 days), yet it did not kill any BALB/c mice. V3526 infectivity of the brain was the most limited, mainly affecting the neocortex and diencephalon. This virus was not lethal in either mouse strain. The TrD strain also infected the olfactory neuroepithelium, local lymphoid tissues, teeth, and vomeronasal organs, whereas the affinity of TC83 and V3526 outside the brain was essentially limited to the olfactory neuroepithelium. Attenuated VEE strains administered to mice by aerosol have restricted tissue tropism as compared with wild-type virus; however, even attenuated strains can infect the brain and induce encephalitis. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, MCMR UIP D, Dept Pathol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Steele, KE (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, MCMR UIP D, Dept Pathol, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 34 TC 51 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER COLL VET PATHOLOGIST PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0300-9858 J9 VET PATHOL JI Vet. Pathol. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 35 IS 5 BP 386 EP 397 PG 12 WC Pathology; Veterinary Sciences SC Pathology; Veterinary Sciences GA 167FR UT WOS:000078622300008 PM 9754544 ER PT J AU Gouvea, V Snellings, N Popek, MJ Longer, CF Innis, BL AF Gouvea, V Snellings, N Popek, MJ Longer, CF Innis, BL TI Hepatitis E virus: complete genome sequence and phylogenetic analysis of a Nepali isolate SO VIRUS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE hepatitis E; HEV; complete HEV sequence; phylogeny; hypervariable region AB The complete nucleotide sequence of the Nepali strain TK15/92 of hepatitis E (HEV) was determined. It showed the highest sequence homology with the Burmese B1 strain, but closer evolutionary relatedness to the Indian strains. Difficulties in reverse-transcribing and amplifying the hypervariable region in ORF1 suggested that strong secondary structures might be intrinsically responsible for the high mutational rate observed in this region of the HEV genome. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Virus Dis, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Bacterial Dis, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Gouvea, V (reprint author), Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Inst Microbiol, Dept Virol, Caixa Postal 68040, BR-21941590 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. NR 13 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1702 J9 VIRUS RES JI Virus Res. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 57 IS 1 BP 21 EP 26 DI 10.1016/S0168-1702(98)00079-3 PG 6 WC Virology SC Virology GA 141FD UT WOS:000077131200003 PM 9833882 ER PT J AU Martel, CJ Affleck, R Yushak, M AF Martel, CJ Affleck, R Yushak, M TI Operational parameters for mechanical freezing of alum sludge SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE sludge conditioning; freeze-thaw conditioning; alum sludge; sludge dewatering; sludge freezing; residuals dewatering AB Freezing tests were conducted with alum sludge that had been dewatered to a solids content typically produced by a gravity thickener, vacuum filter, and belt press. These sludges were then frozen at various rates in thin layers to simulate a horizontal belt freezer. The tests indicate that a low freezing rate and a high initial solids content produce larger alum sludge particles. Curing time has no effect on grain size. The maximum freezing rates for the gravity-thickened, vacuum-filtered, and belt-pressed sludges were 6.6, 15.5, and 19.8 kg h(-1) m(-2), respectively. The electrical cost of freezing sludge with this device was estimated to be $0.004 m(-3). These tests show that dewatering prior to freezing not only saves energy because it reduces the amount of sludge to be frozen, but it improves the final product in terms of a larger effective grain size. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Martel, CJ (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM martel@crrel.usace.army.mil NR 12 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 32 IS 9 BP 2646 EP 2654 DI 10.1016/S0043-1354(98)00044-X PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 109FP UT WOS:000075311200013 ER PT J AU Qi, SY AF Qi, SY TI Expression for critical suspended particle size in granular media filtration processes SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE critical suspended particle size; granular media filtration AB The critical suspended particle size is defined as the suspended particle size with a minimum collector efficiency in a packed bed filter. Identification of the critical size particles is important when a granular filtration process is designed for removal of a mixture of suspended particles with different particle sizes. This note intends to derive a simple expression from the filtration model of Rajagopalan and Tien [Rajagopalan, R. and Tien, C. (1976) Trajectory analysis of deep-bed filtration with the sphere-in-a-cell porous media model. AIChE J. 2(3), 523-533.] for the critical particle size and to investigate the effects of temperature, suspended particle density, collector diameter and approach velocity on the critical particle size and the corresponding collector efficiency. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Construct Engn Res Labs, Champaign, IL 61826 USA. RP Qi, SY (reprint author), USA, Construct Engn Res Labs, Champaign, IL 61826 USA. RI Qi, Shaoying/A-2837-2008 NR 10 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 32 IS 9 BP 2856 EP 2859 PG 4 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 109FP UT WOS:000075311200039 ER PT J AU Stein, ED Ambrose, RF AF Stein, ED Ambrose, RF TI Rapid impact assessment method for use in a regulatory context SO WETLANDS LA English DT Article DE habitat assessment; impact assessment; habitat functions; semantic categorization; Section 404; riparian habitat; Southern California ID CUMULATIVE IMPACTS; LANDSCAPE; CONSERVATION; FRAMEWORK; RIPARIAN; ISSUES AB Assessing the impacts of projects that affect aquatic resources is an integral part of regulatory programs. The time, resource, and technical requirements of existing assessment methods often prohibit their routine use by regulatory staff. Consequently, many evaluations are based on area affected and best professional judgment. In this paper, we present a Rapid Impact Assessment Method (RIAM) that can be used to assess impacts to aquatic resources in a manner that is scientifically defensible, yet easy to implement by regulators, planners, and resource managers. The RIAM provides a framework for assessing impacts while allowing for specialization of evaluation criteria based on the habitat type, region of interest, and specific regulatory, planning, or management goal. Site-specific impacts are assessed by comparing the conditions present at each site prior to project implementation to conditions present after implementation of the project. A set of evaluation criteria is defined to reflect the important ecological characteristics to be evaluated. Each project site is given a pre- and post-project rating for each evaluation criterion, ranging from A for site conditions similar to those present at reference sites to E for the most degraded condition. Impact scores for each criterion, ranging from -4 to +4, are based on the difference between the pre- and post-project rating levels at each site. We demonstrate the application of the RIAM by using it to assess the impacts of projects permitted under Section 404 of the Clean Water Act on the following six evaluation criteria: endangered species habitat, structural diversity of habitat, spatial diversity of habitat, open space habitat, linear contiguity of habitat, and adjacent habitats. In the future, the method developed in this study can be used as a predictive tool to help monitor impacts on an ongoing basis. C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Regulatory Branch, Los Angeles, CA 90053 USA. RP Stein, ED (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, Regulatory Branch, Los Angeles Dist,POB 532711, Los Angeles, CA 90053 USA. RI Stein, Eric/A-9362-2008; OI Stein, Eric/0000-0002-4729-809X; Ambrose, Richard/0000-0001-8653-6487 NR 61 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU SOC WETLAND SCIENTISTS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 E TENTH ST, P O BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0277-5212 J9 WETLANDS JI Wetlands PD SEP PY 1998 VL 18 IS 3 BP 379 EP 392 PG 14 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 123TF UT WOS:000076139900007 ER PT J AU Stein, ED Ambrose, RE AF Stein, ED Ambrose, RE TI Cumulative impacts of Section 404 Clean Water Act permitting on the riparian habitat of the Santa Margarita, California watershed SO WETLANDS LA English DT Article DE cumulative impacts; watershed management; wetlands; riparian habitat; habitat assessment; Section 404 ID REQUIRING COMPENSATORY MITIGATION; CONSERVATION EFFORTS; UNITED-STATES; WETLANDS; USA AB The Santa Margarita River is one of the few remaining free-flowing river systems on the Southern California coastal plain, and it provides one of the most expansive, unspoiled riparian habitats in Southern California. Then is concern among resource managers that the cumulative impacts associated with rapid development of the upper watershed will degrade the ecological integrity of the entire watershed. In response to this concern, we assessed the impacts of development projects in this watershed, which were subject to regulation under Section 404 of the Clean Water Act. Cumulative impacts were assessed by comparing the conditions present at each project site prior to issuance of the Section 404 permit to conditions present after issuance of the permit. Changes between pre- and post-project site conditions were evaluated using a semantic categorization for the following six criteria: endangered species habitat, structural diversity, spatial diversity, undeveloped open space, linear contiguity, and adjacent habitat. The impact assessment showed that although the Section 404 permit program has attenuated project impacts, it has failed at minimizing cumulative impacts. Projects permitted under Section 404 contributed to the disruption of movement corridors linking the habitats of the upper and lower watershed and resulted in extensive floodplain encroachment, which may have hydrologic as well as ecological implications. More importantly, this assessment identified the types of activities and habitat functions that should be addressed during revisions in permitting procedures and should be emphasized in the watershed planning process. These conclusions will be incorporated into an ongoing Advanced Identification study sponsored by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to develop a management plan for the Santa Margarita Watershed. C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Regulat Branch, Los Angeles, CA 90053 USA. RP Stein, ED (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, Regulat Branch, Los Angeles Dist,POB 532711, Los Angeles, CA 90053 USA. RI Stein, Eric/A-9362-2008; OI Stein, Eric/0000-0002-4729-809X; Ambrose, Richard/0000-0001-8653-6487 NR 32 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 7 PU SOC WETLAND SCIENTISTS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 E TENTH ST, P O BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0277-5212 J9 WETLANDS JI Wetlands PD SEP PY 1998 VL 18 IS 3 BP 393 EP 408 PG 16 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 123TF UT WOS:000076139900008 ER PT J AU DuBose, DA Hinkle, JR Morehouse, DH Ogle, PL AF DuBose, DA Hinkle, JR Morehouse, DH Ogle, PL TI Model for environmental heat damage of the blood vessel barrier SO WILDERNESS & ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE endothelial cell; actin; permeability; phalloidin; hyperthermia; heat stress ID ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; INTRINSIC FLUORESCENCE; G-ACTIN AB Environmental heat stress may result in loss of fluid from the vascular space, which can lead to circulatory shock. Since the endothelium serves as the blood vessel barrier between the vascular and interstitial spaces, direct heat damage to this tissue may contribute to such fluid loss. This study modeled heat influences on the actin cytoskeletal proteins that provide the tensile forces that sustain endothelial junctional integrity or barrier function. Heat effects on bovine aortic endothelial cell (BAEC) F-actin and F-actin stress fibers (FASFs) were correlated with intercellular permeability (IP). F-actin concentration and FASF distribution were analyzed by quantitation of the specific binding of rhodamine phalloidin (RP) to F-actin and by observing the fluorescence of RP-FASF complexes, respectively. Dextran fluorescein IP was determined. The IP was elevated (p < 0.05) at 43 degrees C, but not at 41 degrees C. At 43 degrees C, BAECs were rounded and had disrupted FASFs and diminished cell-to-cell apposition. Similar cells were seen at 41 degrees C, but these were interspersed among FASF-containing cells to sustain apposition. Thus, disruption of FASFs correlated with increases in IF. F-actin was increased (p < 0.05) after hyperthermia. Since G-actin is more susceptible to irreversible heat denaturation, F-actin sustainment may function to preserve the actin pool and prevent irrevocable loss of the blood vessel barrier after heat stress. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Nutr & Biochem Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP DuBose, DA (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Nutr & Biochem Div, 15 Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 25 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU WILDERNESS MEDICAL SOC PI COLORADO SPRINGS PA 3595 E FOUNTAIN BLVD, STE A1, COLORADO SPRINGS, CO 80910 USA SN 1080-6032 J9 WILD ENVIRON MED JI Wildern. Environ. Med. PD FAL PY 1998 VL 9 IS 3 BP 130 EP 136 DI 10.1580/1080-6032(1998)009[0130:MFEHDO]2.3.CO;2 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Sport Sciences GA 192XK UT WOS:000080104900001 PM 11990184 ER PT J AU Castellani, JW Young, AJ Sawka, MN Backus, VL Canete, JJ AF Castellani, JW Young, AJ Sawka, MN Backus, VL Canete, JJ TI Amnesia during cold water immersion: a case report SO WILDERNESS & ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE glucose; hypothermia; memory; norepinephrine ID TRANSIENT GLOBAL AMNESIA AB This report describes a case of amnesia during a cold-water experiment. The volunteer was exposed three times in 1 day (120 min duration each time) to 20 degrees C water. During the third immersion, from min 95 to min 115, the subject experienced transient global amnesia for 20 min. The rectal temperature during this time was 35.6 degrees C. This single case demonstrates that memory loss in a young individual apparently can occur after cold-water exposure and at core temperatures above 35 degrees C. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Castellani, JW (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, 15 Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 10 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILDERNESS MEDICAL SOC PI COLORADO SPRINGS PA 3595 E FOUNTAIN BLVD, STE A1, COLORADO SPRINGS, CO 80910 USA SN 1080-6032 J9 WILD ENVIRON MED JI Wildern. Environ. Med. PD FAL PY 1998 VL 9 IS 3 BP 153 EP 155 DI 10.1580/1080-6032(1998)009[0153:ADCWIA]2.3.CO;2 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Sport Sciences GA 192XK UT WOS:000080104900004 PM 11990187 ER PT J AU Rice, BM Pai, SV Chabalowski, CF AF Rice, BM Pai, SV Chabalowski, CF TI Performance of density functional theory on the potential-energy surface of the H+OCS system SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID HYDROGEN ABSTRACTION REACTION; GAUSSIAN-BASIS SETS; AB-INITIO METHODS; MOLECULAR CALCULATIONS; NONLOCAL CORRECTIONS; TRANSITION-STATES; CARBONYL SULFIDE; ATOMIC-HYDROGEN; PROTON-TRANSFER; PRACTICAL TOOL AB The H + OCS potential-energy surface (PES) was used to evaluate the performance of density functional theory by comparing the results to ab initio calculations at the QCISD(T)//UMP2 and UMP2 levels using the aug-cc-pVTZ and 6-311+G(2df, 2p) basis sets. The two major reaction paths on this PES involve formation of OH((II)-I-2) + CS((1)Sigma) (reaction I) and SH((II)-I-2) + CO((1)Sigma) (reaction II). Experimental and QCISD(T)//UMP2/aug-cc-pVTZ activation barriers for (II) and reaction enthalpies for (I) and (II) were compared to values calculated by several density functionals (BLYP, B3LYP, B3PW91, BPW91, BP86, and B3P86) using the aug-cc-pVTZ basis set. All DFT/aug-cc-pVTZ predictions, except for the B3LYP prediction of the enthalpy of reaction I, were outside the range of experimental uncertainty. B3LYP predictions were in closest agreement with the experimental values and QCISD(T) predictions. B3LYP, BPW91, and B3PW91 predictions of the rate-limiting barrier to reaction II are within 3.5 kcal/mol of the QCISD(T) prediction, and all DFT values are below that of the QCISD(T). Reaction enthalpies for (I) and (II) were calculated using the BHandHLYP density functional and the 6-311+G(2df,2p) basis set. These predictions were closer to experiment and QCISD(T) values than any other DFT calculations, and the predicted enthalpy for reaction I is within the range of experimental values. The second portion of the study compared B3LYP and BLYP predictions of the 12 transition states and 6 stable intermediates within this PES with previously reported QCISD(T)//UMP2/6311+G(2df,2p) predictions. The complexity of this surface allows for the evaluation of barrier heights for 28 reactions involving hydrogen addition, elimination, isomerization, migration, and radical diatomic elimination. With the exception of five reactions, all B3LYP barrier heights are within 3.7 kcal/mol of the QCISD(T) predictions and in several cases are in as good or better agreement than the UMP2 predictions. In addition, all but one of the B3LYP barriers lie below the QCISD(T) values. The most significant differences between the ab initio and DFT predictions were in the saddle points for radical elimination or addition. BLYP/6-311+G(2df, 2p) failed to find the two transition states associated with SH elimination from the cis- and trans-HSCO species. B3LYP located the saddle point for SH elimination from cis-HSCO, but its prediction of a saddle-point structure for SH elimination from trans-HSCO has an energy (without zero-point corrections) lower than that of the products. These transition states were subsequently optimized using the BHandHLYP functional and the 6-311+G(2df,2p) and 6-31G** basis sets. The geometries of these saddle points were in better agreement with UMP2/6-311+G(2df,2p) predictions than were the BLYP and B3LYP predictions. The BLYP predictions are in overall worse agreement with the QCISD(T) results than are the B3LYP predictions. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Rice, BM (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 51 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD AUG 27 PY 1998 VL 102 IS 35 BP 6950 EP 6956 DI 10.1021/jp981671a PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 116UX UT WOS:000075744300012 ER PT J AU Williams, HL Rice, BM Chabalowski, CF AF Williams, HL Rice, BM Chabalowski, CF TI Investigation of the CH3CN-CO2 potential energy surface using symmetry-adapted perturbation theory SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID MANY-BODY THEORY; CORRELATED MOLECULAR CALCULATIONS; FULL CONFIGURATION-INTERACTION; GAUSSIAN-BASIS SETS; INTERMOLECULAR INTERACTIONS; AB-INITIO; QUADRUPOLE-MOMENTS; DISPERSION ENERGY; INFRARED-SPECTRUM; HE-HF AB Symmetry-adapted perturbation theory (SAPT) has been used to investigate the intermolecular potential energy surface of CH3CN-CO2. A SAPT computation was performed for approximately 200 geometrical configurations using both a coarse grid in the five intermolecular coordinates and selected representative cuts. Four near-local minima are located on the potential energy surface. The deepest of these is -2.90 kcal/mol. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Chabalowski, CF (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 41 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD AUG 27 PY 1998 VL 102 IS 35 BP 6981 EP 6992 DI 10.1021/jp980935q PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 116UX UT WOS:000075744300016 ER PT J AU Sorescu, DC Rice, BM Thompson, DL AF Sorescu, DC Rice, BM Thompson, DL TI Isothermal-isobaric molecular dynamics simulations of 1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetraazacyclooctane (HMX) crystals SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Letter ID NITRAMINES AB Isothermal-isobaric molecular dynamics (NPT-MD) simulations of the beta, alpha, and delta phases of crystalline 1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetraazacyclooctane (HMX) were performed over the temperature range 4.2-553 K and 1 arm. The Buckingham repulsion-dispersion intermolecular potential developed for hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-s-triazine (RDX) (J. Phys. Chem. 1997, B101, 798) with electrostatic charges determined by ab initio calculations was used to describe the HMX crystal phases. The predicted space group symmetries and structural parameters for the three phases of HMX are in close agreement with experimental values. C1 Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Chem, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Thompson, DL (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Chem, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. NR 18 TC 67 Z9 71 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5647 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD AUG 27 PY 1998 VL 102 IS 35 BP 6692 EP 6695 DI 10.1021/jp981661+ PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 116UU UT WOS:000075744000003 ER PT J AU Lauer, WJ Carlson, TA AF Lauer, WJ Carlson, TA TI Myocardial bridging SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Article C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Cardiol, MMCC, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Cardiol, MCHE, MDC, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Lauer, WJ (reprint author), USAF, MC, Dept Cardiol, 375th Med Grp,310 W Losey St, Scott AFB, IL 62225 USA. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD AUG 25 PY 1998 VL 98 IS 8 BP 821 EP 821 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 112EL UT WOS:000075481100014 PM 9727554 ER PT J AU Barish, KN AF Barish, KN CA E864 Collaboration TI Strangelet searches in high energy heavy ion collisions SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Hypernuclear and Strange Particle Physics CY OCT 13-18, 1997 CL BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, UPTON, NY HO BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB ID QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; MATTER; GEV/C; DROPLETS; NUCLEATION; PARTICLES AB In this contribution I concentrate on the recent results from experiment E864 at the BNL-AGS. E864's recent analyses have achieved sensitivities of approximately 3 x 10(-8) per 10% central interaction for the production of charged strangelets and the first analysis for neutral strangelets is near completion. I put the results in the context of coalescence and quark-gluon plasma strangelet production models. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Ames Lab, Ames, IA USA. Univ Bari, I-70121 Bari, Italy. BNL, Upton, NY USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. USMA, W Point, NY USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37240 USA. Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Barish, KN (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, 405 Hilgard Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM barish@physics.ucla.edu NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 EI 1873-1554 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD AUG 24 PY 1998 VL 639 IS 1-2 BP 423C EP 432C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(98)00308-X PG 10 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 123GZ UT WOS:000076118600064 ER PT J AU Akkara, JA Bruno, FF AF Akkara, JA Bruno, FF TI Protease catalyzed ring opening polymerization in organic solvents. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Lowell, Dept Chem, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. USA, Soldier Syst Command, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 074-BTEC BP U265 EP U265 PN 3 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WZ UT WOS:000075235100811 ER PT J AU Balogh, L Swanson, DR Tomalia, DA AF Balogh, L Swanson, DR Tomalia, DA TI Dendrimer-copper, dendrimer-silver and dendrimer-gold nanocomposites. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Michigan Mol Inst, Midland, MI 48640 USA. USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, WM,MA, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 070-MACR BP U320 EP U320 PN 3 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WZ UT WOS:000075235100976 ER PT J AU Bijoy, P Karle, JM Avery, MA AF Bijoy, P Karle, JM Avery, MA TI An unusual reversal of stereoselectivity in a boron mediated aldol reaction. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Mississippi, Dept Chem, University, MS 38677 USA. Nat Ctr Dev Nat Prod, Sch Pharm, Dept Med Chem, University, MS 38677 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Pharmacol, Div Expt Therapeut, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 400-ORGN BP U483 EP U483 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WY UT WOS:000075235001526 ER PT J AU Bulusu, SN Lanzerotti, YD AF Bulusu, SN Lanzerotti, YD TI Pyrolysis products of RDX studied by gas chromatography mass spectrometry. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, TACOM, ARDEC, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 086-ANYL BP U165 EP U165 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WX UT WOS:000075234900428 ER PT J AU He, JA Samuelson, L Li, L Kumar, J Tripathy, SK AF He, JA Samuelson, L Li, L Kumar, J Tripathy, SK TI Oriented bacteriorhodopsin (nanosized PM fragments) polycation films by electrostatic layer-by-layer assembly. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Lowell, Dept Chem, Ctr Adv Mat, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. Univ Lowell, Dept Phys, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. USA, Natick Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Sci & Technol Directorate, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 046-MACR BP U312 EP U313 PN 3 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WZ UT WOS:000075235100952 ER PT J AU He, JAH Yang, K Valluzzi, R Samuelson, L Kumar, J Tripathy, SK Balogh, L Tomalia, DA AF He, JAH Yang, K Valluzzi, R Samuelson, L Kumar, J Tripathy, SK Balogh, L Tomalia, DA TI Electrostatic multilayer deposition of a gold-dendrimer nanocomposite. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Lowell, Ctr Adv Mat, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. USA, Natick Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Sci & Technol Directorate, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Michigan Mol Inst, Midland, MI 48640 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 033-MACR BP U309 EP U309 PN 3 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WZ UT WOS:000075235100939 ER PT J AU Krishnamurthy, T AF Krishnamurthy, T TI Bacterial typing and identification by mass spectrometry. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Edgewood RDE Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 141-AGFD BP U66 EP U66 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WX UT WOS:000075234900141 ER PT J AU Lee, J Deng, F Gross, RA Allen, A Kaplan, D AF Lee, J Deng, F Gross, RA Allen, A Kaplan, D TI Bioengineering microbial polysaccharides. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Massachusetts, Dept Chem, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. USA, RD&E Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Tufts Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Ctr Biotechnol, Medford, MA 02155 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 214-POLY BP U64 EP U64 PN 3 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WZ UT WOS:000075235100213 ER PT J AU Meresi, G Tao, AZ Gong, XD Wen, WY Inglefield, PT Jones, AA AF Meresi, G Tao, AZ Gong, XD Wen, WY Inglefield, PT Jones, AA TI An NMR study of the diffusion of water in nafion and the associated morphological structure. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Clark Univ, Alan A Jones Carlson Sch Chem, Worcester, MA 01610 USA. USA, Natick Res Dev & Engn Ctr, SSNC, IPN, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 481-POLY BP U143 EP U143 PN 3 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WZ UT WOS:000075235100478 ER PT J AU Munavalli, S White, WE Rohrbaugh, DK Durst, HD AF Munavalli, S White, WE Rohrbaugh, DK Durst, HD TI Novel reaction of trifluoromethylsulfenyl chloride with 1-trimethylsilylpropyne SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Geocenters Inc, Gunpowder Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. USA, Edgewood Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 422-ORGN BP U490 EP U490 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WY UT WOS:000075235001548 ER PT J AU Munavalli, S Rohrbaugh, DK Rossman, DI Berg, FJ Durst, HD AF Munavalli, S Rohrbaugh, DK Rossman, DI Berg, FJ Durst, HD TI Unusual Reaction of tetramethylallene with trifluoromethylsulfenyl chloride SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Geocenters Inc, Gunpowder Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. USA, Edgewood Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 421-ORGN BP U490 EP U490 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WY UT WOS:000075235001547 ER PT J AU Nassar, AEF Lucas, SV Peterson, JC Myler, CA Hoffland, LD AF Nassar, AEF Lucas, SV Peterson, JC Myler, CA Hoffland, LD TI Determination of low parts-per-billion levels of chemical warfare agent degradation products in environmental samples using capillary electrophoresis. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Battelle Mem Inst, Bel Air, MD 21015 USA. USA, Mat Command Treaty Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 007-TECH BP U543 EP U543 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WX UT WOS:000075234901568 ER PT J AU Ratto, JA Schneider, N AF Ratto, JA Schneider, N TI The effect of water interactions on the thermal transition behavior of pullulan SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Soldier Syst Command, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 301-PMSE BP U907 EP U907 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WY UT WOS:000075235002727 ER PT J AU Reucroft, PJ Rivin, D AF Reucroft, PJ Rivin, D TI Characterization of adsorbent carbons by FMC. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Natick Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Soldier Syst Command, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Univ Kentucky, Dept Chem & Mat Engn, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 006-FUEL BP U834 EP U834 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WX UT WOS:000075234902453 ER PT J AU Samuelson, L He, JA Li, L Kumar, J Tripathy, SK AF Samuelson, L He, JA Li, L Kumar, J Tripathy, SK TI Oriented bacteriorhodopsin(nanosized PM fragments)/polycation films by electrostatic layer-by-layer assembly. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Massachusetts, Dept Chem, Ctr Adv Mat, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Ctr Adv Mat, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. USA, Natick Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Sci & Tecnol Directorate, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 055-POLY BP U17 EP U17 PN 3 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WZ UT WOS:000075235100056 ER PT J AU Kronenberg, S Brucker, GJ Jordan, T AF Kronenberg, S Brucker, GJ Jordan, T TI NOVICE 3-D transport code simulation of directional photon sensors SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article AB This study describes simulations by an adjoint, Monte Carlo code (NOVICE) of directional gamma ray and X-ray photon sensor responses in detecting and locating radiation sources. Three types of sensor designs were studied. Models of each detector type, Ionization Chamber (IC), Scintillation Counter (SC), and a new High-Sensitivity Scintillation Sensor (HSSS) were generated in the code and various radiation sources were detected and located by applying the program. Comparisons with experimental results show that the code accurately simulates the responses of those sensors. The program includes the physics that control and describe the photo-Compton and pair interactions for incident angles of photons on the high/low-Z detector layers, ranging from 0 degrees to 90 degrees relative to I:he plane of the layers. The small grazing angles of incidence (near zero degrees) must be accounted for in any theoretical simulation since the directional sensors' operating principle depends on the emission of photo-Compton and pair electrons for small incident angles as a function of atomic number Z and energy. NOVICE contains the necessary theory and also provides 3-D solutions for the sensors, experimental geometries, and setups. The effects of detector high/low-Z materials, their dimensions, and geometry, were investigated. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 REC, W Long Branch, NJ 07764 USA. USA, CECOM, NV Lab, Ft Monmouth, NJ USA. EMP, Gaithersburg, MD USA. RP Brucker, GJ (reprint author), REC, 18 Cheryl Dr, W Long Branch, NJ 07764 USA. NR 6 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD AUG 21 PY 1998 VL 413 IS 2-3 BP 263 EP 274 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(98)00538-5 PG 12 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 118JT UT WOS:000075835300010 ER PT J AU Schaefer, LM Kellen-Anderson, LM Parker, SL Schnurr, DP Gaydos, JC AF Schaefer, LM Kellen-Anderson, LM Parker, SL Schnurr, DP Gaydos, JC CA O Four Bear Box Elder Jobs Corps TI Civilian outbreak of adenovirus acute respiratory disease - South Dakota, 1997 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 47, pg 567-570, 1998) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 Calif Dept Hlth Serv, Viral & Rickettsial Dis Lab, Berkeley, CA 94704 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Prevent Med, Washington, DC USA. Ctr Dis Control, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Resp & Enter Viruses Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 1 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD AUG 19 PY 1998 VL 280 IS 7 BP 596 EP 596 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 110ME UT WOS:000075384300010 ER PT J AU Chakrabarti, AK Ray, P Broomfield, CA Ray, R AF Chakrabarti, AK Ray, P Broomfield, CA Ray, R TI Purification and characterization of protease activated by sulfur mustard in normal human epidermal keratinocytes SO BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE sulfur mustard; protease; human epidermal keratinocytes; protease purification; laminin ID EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX; EXPOSURE; PROTEINS; INVASION AB A membrane-bound protease induced by sulfur mustard in cultured normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEK) was purified and partially characterized. Maximum enzyme stimulation occurred at 16 hr after normal human epidermal keratinocytes were exposed to 300 mu M sulfur mustard. Purification to homogeneity of the protease was accomplished by Triton X-100 solubilization, ultracentrifugation, and dialysis, followed by ion exchange chromatography through DEAE-cellulose and finally hydrophobic column chromatography through phenyl Sepharose. Analysis of the purified enzyme by SDS-PAGE revealed a single polypeptide at the 80 kDa region. Further investigation of biochemical properties showed that a synthetic serine-specific Chromozym TRY peptide and the physiological protein laminin were good substrates for this enzyme. Moreover, this enzyme was inhibited mostly by the serine-protease inhibitors leupeptin and di isopropyl fluorophosphate and not by the cysteine protease inhibitor E-64 or the metalloprotease inhibitor 1,10-phenanthroline (Component H, CH), indicating the serine protease nature of this enzyme. This enzyme had a pH optimum in the range of 7.0 to 8.0. Amino acid sequencing of the purified enzyme revealed that this enzyme belongs to the endopeptidase family (serine protease), and is homologous with a mammalian-type bacterial serine endopeptidase that can preferentially cleave K-X, including K-P. These results suggest that serine-protease stimulation may be one of the mechanisms of mustard-induced skin blister formation, and that some specific serine-protease inhibitors may be useful for the treatment of this sulfur mustard toxicity. BIOCHEM PHARMACOL 56;4:467-472, 1998. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Inc. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Dept Biol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Ray, P (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Dept Biol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 19 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0006-2952 J9 BIOCHEM PHARMACOL JI Biochem. Pharmacol. PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 56 IS 4 BP 467 EP 472 DI 10.1016/S0006-2952(98)00160-9 PG 6 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 111LJ UT WOS:000075438600008 PM 9763222 ER PT J AU Berger, RC Carey, GF AF Berger, RC Carey, GF TI Free-surface flow over curved surfaces - Part I: Perturbation analysis SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN FLUIDS LA English DT Article DE curved surface; shallow water; non-hydrostatic; spillway; finite element ID SHALLOW-FLOW AB The standard two-dimensional shallow water equation formulation assumes a mild bed slope and no curvature effect. These assumptions limit the applicability of these equations for some important classes of problems. In particular, flow over a spillway is affected by the bed curvature via a decidedly non-hydrostatic pressure distribution. A detailed derivation of a more general equation set is given here in Part I. The method relies upon perturbation expansion to simplify a bed-fitted co-ordinate configuration of the three-dimensional Euler equations. The resulting equations are essentially the equivalent of the two-dimensional shallow water equations but with curvature included and without the mild slope assumption. A finite element analysis and flume result are given in Part II. (C) 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. USAE Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS USA. RP Carey, GF (reprint author), Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. NR 11 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 0271-2091 J9 INT J NUMER METH FL JI Int. J. Numer. Methods Fluids PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 28 IS 2 BP 191 EP 200 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0363(19980815)28:2<191::AID-FLD705>3.0.CO;2-N PG 10 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Computer Science; Mathematics; Mechanics; Physics GA 105FG UT WOS:000075061600001 ER PT J AU Krieger, JB Chen, J Iafrate, GJ AF Krieger, JB Chen, J Iafrate, GJ TI Theoretical determination of exact-exchange-mixing parameter employing the ionization energy theorem SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF QUANTUM CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Density Functional Theory and Applications CY JUN 03-07, 1997 CL DUKE UNIV, DURHAM, NC SP US Natl Sci Fdn, Corning Inc, Petr Res Fund, Amer Chem Soc, Univ N Carolina, NIH Computat Struct Biol Resource, NYU, Duke Univ, Off Vice Provost Acad & Int Affairs, Duke Univ, Dept Chem HO DUKE UNIV DE density functional theory; exact-exchange-mixing; ionization energy theorem; self-interaction correction; OEP-KLI approximation ID DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; ELECTRON-GAS; THERMOCHEMISTRY; APPROXIMATIONS; POTENTIALS; SYSTEMS AB The value of Becke's exact-exchange-mixing parameter is determined by purely theoretical considerations by requiring that the ionization energy theorem (- epsilon(m) = I) be satisfied as closely as possible. This method is applied to the case in which the density functional theory approximation to the exchange-correlation energy functional is given by the local spin density approximation with Perdew-Zunger self-interaction correction, which leads to the correct - 1/r long-range behavior of the exchange-correlation potential and consequently to accurate highest occupied orbital energy eigenvalues, epsilon(m). Employing this approach on atoms with Z less than or equal to 20 self-consistent optimized-effective potential calculations results in the determination of the mixing parameter, which is in good agreement with that of Becke, and the resulting calculations of the ionization potentials and electron affinities for-these atoms are on average within 0.10 eV of the experimental results. Lr, addition, the resulting correlation potential for both neon and argon exhibits a positive bump in the region of maximum density of the highest lying p states. (C) 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 CUNY Brooklyn Coll, Dept Phys, Brooklyn, NY 11210 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP CUNY Brooklyn Coll, Dept Phys, Brooklyn, NY 11210 USA. NR 28 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0020-7608 EI 1097-461X J9 INT J QUANTUM CHEM JI Int. J. Quantum Chem. PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 69 IS 3 BP 255 EP 264 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Mathematics; Physics GA 104GR UT WOS:000075006800004 ER PT J AU Huang, MW Goldsman, N Chang, CH Mayergoyz, I McGarrity, JM Woolard, D AF Huang, MW Goldsman, N Chang, CH Mayergoyz, I McGarrity, JM Woolard, D TI Determining 4H silicon carbide electronic properties through combined use of device simulation and metal-semiconductor field-effect-transistor terminal characteristics SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID TRANSPORT; MESFETS; SI AB A two-dimensional numerical device simulator has been developed specially for the recessed gate 4H silicon carbide(4H-SiC) metal-semiconductor field-effect-transistor (MESFET). By combining numerical techniques, material physics, and measured device characteristics, we are able to use the simulator to extract more information about the new material 4H-SiC, including the mobility, velocity-field curves, and the Schottky barrier height. We have also enabled and used the new simulator to investigate breakdown voltage and thus predict operation limitations of the 4H-SiC device. Simulations indicate that impact ionization is relatively small in 4H-SiC, thereby leading to a very high breakdown voltage of 125 V in a 0.7 mu m gate MESFET. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. [S0021-8979(98)06516-5]. C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Elect Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Huang, MW (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Elect Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. NR 28 TC 25 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 84 IS 4 BP 2065 EP 2070 DI 10.1063/1.368267 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 108GL UT WOS:000075257700050 ER PT J AU Teng, HB Sun, JP Haddad, GI Stroscio, MA Yu, SG Kim, KW AF Teng, HB Sun, JP Haddad, GI Stroscio, MA Yu, SG Kim, KW TI Phonon assisted intersubband transitions in step quantum well structures SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID POPULATION-INVERSION; HETEROSTRUCTURES; LASERS AB We evaluate effects of heterointerfaces on optical phonon modes and phonon assisted electron intersubband transition rates in step quantum well structures for intersubband lasers. Various phonon modes and electron-phonon interaction Hamiltonians, including the interface modes, confined longitudinal-optical modes, and half space modes in the quantum well structures are calculated based on the macroscopic dielectric continuum model and microscopic analysis. The transfer matrix method is used to calculate the interface modes. The intersubband transition rates due to electron-phonon scattering by these phonon modes are evaluated using Fermi's golden rule, with the electron wave functions obtained by solving the Schrodinger equation for the heterostructures under investigation. Our results show that, compared with the transition rates in the same structures calculated using the bulk phonon modes and the bulk Frohlich interaction Hamiltonian, the electron interface-phonon interactions give significantly larger transition rates up to an order of magnitude. Therefore, the effects of localized phonon modes, especially the interface modes, must be taken into consideration for optimal device design. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. [S0021-8979(98)03915-2]. C1 Univ Michigan, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Teng, HB (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. NR 17 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 84 IS 4 BP 2155 EP 2164 DI 10.1063/1.368277 PG 10 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 108GL UT WOS:000075257700063 ER PT J AU Yu, SG Pevzner, VB Kim, KW Stroscio, MA AF Yu, SG Pevzner, VB Kim, KW Stroscio, MA TI Electrophonon resonance in cylindrical quantum wires SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID PHONONS AB The electrophonon resonances (EPR) in cylindrical quantum wires are investigated in the presence of confined optical phonons. A comparison with the bulk phonons reveals a sharp difference between the selection rules that apply to the bulk and confined/interface phonons. This raises a possibility of detecting phonon confinement experimentally by utilizing EPR effects. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Yu, SG (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. NR 14 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 58 IS 7 BP 3580 EP 3583 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.58.3580 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 114PA UT WOS:000075616800028 ER PT J AU Lee, BC Kim, KW Stroscio, MA Dutta, M AF Lee, BC Kim, KW Stroscio, MA Dutta, M TI Optical-phonon confinement and scattering in wurtzite heterostructures SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID STRUCTURE LASER-DIODES; RAMAN-SCATTERING; GAN; SPECTRA AB We investigate Frohlich-like electron-optical-phonon interactions in wurtzite structures with single and double heterointerfaces based on the macroscopic dielectric continuum model and the uniaxial model. In addition to confined (for the case of double interfaces), interface, and half:space optical phonon modes as expected from the analogy with zinc-blende structures, propagating modes may exist in wurtzite heterosystems due to anisotropic phonon dispersion. This is especially the case when the dielectric properties of the adjacent heterostructure materials do not differ substantially. The dispersion relations and the interaction Hamiltonians for each of these modes are derived. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Lee, BC (reprint author), Inha Univ, Dept Phys, Inchon, South Korea. NR 16 TC 114 Z9 133 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 58 IS 8 BP 4860 EP 4865 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.58.4860 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 117GE UT WOS:000075772500096 ER PT J AU Mittal, S Tezduyar, T AF Mittal, S Tezduyar, T TI A unified finite element formulation for compressible and incompressible flows using augmented conservation variables SO COMPUTER METHODS IN APPLIED MECHANICS AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID BOUNDARIES; SYSTEMS AB A unified approach to computing compressible and incompressible Bows is proposed. The governing equation for pressure is selected based on the local Mach number. In the incompressible limit the divergence-free constraint on velocity field determines the pressure, while it is the equation of state that governs the pressure solution for the compressible flows. Stabilized finite element formulations, based on the space-time and semi-discrete methods, with the 'augmented' conservation variables are employed. The 'augmented' conservation variables consist of the usual conservation variables and pressure as an additional variable. The formulation is applied to various test problems involving steady and unsteady flows over a large range of Mach and Reynolds numbers. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Minnesota, Dept Aerosp Engn & Mech, Army High Performance Comp Res Ctr, Minneapolis, MN 55415 USA. Indian Inst Technol, Dept Aerosp Engn, Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India. RP Tezduyar, T (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Aerosp Engn & Mech, Army High Performance Comp Res Ctr, 1100 Washington Ave S, Minneapolis, MN 55415 USA. RI Tezduyar, Tayfun/F-6134-2012 OI Tezduyar, Tayfun/0000-0001-8707-3162 NR 20 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0045-7825 J9 COMPUT METHOD APPL M JI Comput. Meth. Appl. Mech. Eng. PD AUG 11 PY 1998 VL 161 IS 3-4 BP 229 EP 243 DI 10.1016/S0045-7825(97)00318-6 PG 15 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mathematics; Mechanics GA 115WX UT WOS:000075690300002 ER PT J AU Katial, RK Stelzle, RC Bonner, MW Marino, M Cantilena, LR Smith, LJ AF Katial, RK Stelzle, RC Bonner, MW Marino, M Cantilena, LR Smith, LJ TI A drug interaction between zafirlukast and theophylline SO ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB The apparent low adverse effect profile of the new drug zafirlukast has made it an attractive choice in the treatment of asthma. We present the first case (to our knowledge) of a potentially serious drug-drug interaction between zafirlukast and theophylline. A 15-year-old white girl with asthma had been taking theophylline (Slo-bid, Rhone-Poulenc Rorer Pharmaceuticals Inc, Collegeville, Pa) (300 mg twice daily), with drug levels of approximately 61 mu mol/L (11.0 mu g/mL) for several years. Recently, her serum theophylline levels had increased to the toxic range (133.2 mu mol/L [24 mu g/mL]) shortly after the addition of zafirlukast (Accolate, Zeneca Pharmaceuticals, Wilmington, Del) to her regimen. Attempts were made to stop and then restart the theophylline therapy at progressively lower doses; however, with each attempt, the patient's reaction to the drug became more toxic, with serum theophylline levels ranging between 99.9 and 149.9 mu mol/L (18 and 27 mu g/mL). So this potential drug-drug interaction could be investigated, the patient stopped taking both drugs for 1 week. Then, she again started taking theophylline (75 mg twice daily), and over 2 days reached a steady state serum theophylline level of 12.8 to 14.4 mu mol/L (2.3-2.6 mu g/mL). On the third day, zafirlukast (20 mg twice daily) was reintroduced to the regimen, and the theophylline therapy was continued. By the fifth day, a dramatic 7-fold increase was seen in the serum theophylline level (101.6 mu mol/L [18.3 mu g/mL]). The areas under the curve for theophylline alone and theophylline with zafirlukast were 29.3 and 197 (mg.h)/L, respectively. One explanation for the noted increase in the theophylline level is that metabolism occurs mainly by cytochrome P450 (CYP 1A2), an enzyme that is known to be inhibited with high concentrations of zafirlukast. Although-the current metabolism of the 2 drugs in combination is poorly understood, the potential for serious interactions seems to exist in the rapidly growing population of persons with asthma, for whom they may be prescribed. The noted increase in the theophylline level after zafirlukast administration is in contrast to the original reports by the manufacturer. Therefore, we recommend that physicians evaluate serum theophylline levels closely when prescribing the 2 drugs in combination. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Allergy & Immunol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Pharmacol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Clin Pharmacol & Med Toxicol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Katial, RK (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Allergy & Immunol, Bldg 2,Room 1J, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 4 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-9926 J9 ARCH INTERN MED JI Arch. Intern. Med. PD AUG 10 PY 1998 VL 158 IS 15 BP 1713 EP 1715 DI 10.1001/archinte.158.15.1713 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 107WT UT WOS:000075234500017 PM 9701106 ER PT J AU Meffert, JJ AF Meffert, JJ TI Photo quiz - The pits - Psoriatic nails SO AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN LA English DT Article C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Wilford Hall Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78259 USA. RP Meffert, JJ (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Wilford Hall Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78259 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD FAMILY PHYSICIANS PI KANSAS CITY PA 8880 WARD PARKWAY, KANSAS CITY, MO 64114-2797 USA SN 0002-838X J9 AM FAM PHYSICIAN JI Am. Fam. Physician PD AUG PY 1998 VL 58 IS 2 BP 489 EP 490 PG 2 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 107WP UT WOS:000075234200014 PM 9713401 ER PT J AU Levine, L Sawka, MN Gonzalez, RR AF Levine, L Sawka, MN Gonzalez, RR TI Evaluation of clothing systems to determine heat strain SO AMERICAN INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE ASSOCIATION JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE clothing; health hazard; heat stress; thermoregulation ID CUTANEOUS BLOOD-FLOW; CORE TEMPERATURE; EXERCISE; PERFORMANCE; STRESS AB This article describes the basic evaluation process and test methodology employed when temperature extremes for clothing systems must be considered as part of the U.S. Army's Health Hazard Assessment for material in the development and acquisition process. The goals of the evaluation are to select clothing systems that minimize the hazards of heat strain and to predict the heat strain for persons wearing such clothing. Clothing evaluations begin with biophysical assessments that determine the thermal characteristics (vapor permeability and insulation) for textiles via guarded hot plate tests and for clothing systems via thermal manikin tests. The results from biophysical tests can be used to select the textile and/or clothing with the best thermal characteristics. The data from manikin evaluations also can be used in prediction modeling. Human physiological testing is best done in a controlled laboratory environment, although for realism and user acceptability field trials may also be conducted. Proven test and measurement methods must be employed, and tests must control for confounding variables; subjects serve as their own controls, and test environment and procedures are consistent between trials. The process and test methodology described can be applied to the evaluation of civilian clothing systems as well as to the military systems for which they were developed. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Levine, L (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 53 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE ASSOC PI FAIRFAX PA 2700 PROSPERITY AVE #250, FAIRFAX, VA 22031-4307 USA SN 0002-8894 J9 AM IND HYG ASSOC J JI Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 59 IS 8 BP 557 EP 562 DI 10.1202/0002-8894(1998)059<0557:EOCSTD>2.0.CO;2 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 112VU UT WOS:000075516000006 PM 9725934 ER PT J AU Rholl, JC Yavorski, RT Cheney, CP Wong, RKH AF Rholl, JC Yavorski, RT Cheney, CP Wong, RKH TI Esophagogastric fistula: A complication of Crohn's disease - Case report and review of the literature SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID INTRALESIONAL STEROIDS; STRICTURES; DILATION; ESOPHAGUS; INJECTION; CHILDREN; LESIONS AB Esophagogastric fistula formation as a complication of esophageal Crohn's has been reported in only one case in the literature. In addition, only eight cases of esophageal fistulae of any type have been reported in the setting of Crohn's disease. Unlike the more often described superficial, aphthous disease of the esophagus, response of fistulae to medical therapy has been disappointing, and recurrence and progression are likely. Surgery remains the primary modality for refractory disease. The roles of salicylates, antibiotics, immunosuppressive agents, sealants, and intralesional steroid injections have not been well defined. We present a case of severe, refractory Crohn's disease with fistula formation between the esophagus and stomach, and concomitant involvement of the oropharynx, duodenum, terminal ileum, and cecum, (Am J Gastroenterol 1998; 93:1381-1383. (C) 1998 by Am. Cell. of Gastroenterology). C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Gastroenterol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Rholl, JC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Gastroenterol, 6900 Georgia Ave NW,Bldg 2,7F, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 21 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 93 IS 8 BP 1381 EP 1383 PG 3 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 109PC UT WOS:000075330800042 PM 9707077 ER PT J AU Harrison, DL Bootman, JL Cox, ER AF Harrison, DL Bootman, JL Cox, ER TI Cost-effectiveness of consultant pharmacists in managing drug-related morbidity and mortality at nursing facilities SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH-SYSTEM PHARMACY LA English DT Article C1 USA, Clin Invest Regulatory Off, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. Univ Arizona, Coll Pharm, Dept Pharm Practice & Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Harrison, DL (reprint author), MCCS GCI, 1608 Stanley Rd,Bldg 2268, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78232 USA. NR 8 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC HEALTH-SYSTEM PHARMACISTS PI BETHESDA PA 7272 WISCONSIN AVE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 1079-2082 J9 AM J HEALTH-SYST PH JI Am. J. Health-Syst. Pharm. PD AUG 1 PY 1998 VL 55 IS 15 BP 1588 EP 1594 PG 7 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 110CD UT WOS:000075361200015 PM 9706185 ER PT J AU Moul, JW AF Moul, JW TI Treatment options for prostate cancer: Part 2 - Early and late stage and hormone refractory disease SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MANAGED CARE LA English DT Article ID THERAPY ONCOLOGY GROUP; BEAM RADIATION-THERAPY; LONG-TERM SURVIVAL; RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY; CRYOSURGICAL ABLATION; ANDROGEN SUPPRESSION; CONFORMAL RADIATION; URINARY CONTINENCE; ENDOCRINE THERAPY; DEPOT FORMULATION C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Serv Urol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Moul, JW (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 72 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MED PUBLISHING, M W C COMPANY PI OLD BRIDGE PA 1816 ENGLISHTOWN RD, STE 101, OLD BRIDGE, NJ 08857 USA SN 1088-0224 J9 AM J MANAG CARE JI Am. J. Manag. Care PD AUG PY 1998 VL 4 IS 8 BP 1171 EP 1180 PG 10 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 115QG UT WOS:000075675700008 ER PT J AU Watters, MR Stears, JC Osborn, AG Turner, GE Burton, BS Lillehei, K Yuh, WTC AF Watters, MR Stears, JC Osborn, AG Turner, GE Burton, BS Lillehei, K Yuh, WTC TI Transdural spinal cord herniation: Imaging and clinical spectra SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NEURORADIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FRACTURE AB PURPOSE: Transdural herniation of the spinal cord is a rarely reported clinical entity, and many of the existing reports were published before the advent of MR imaging. We describe five current cases and compare them with findings in 25 cases reported in the literature to delineate the clinical and imaging spectra of transdural spinal cord herniation. METHODS: MR imaging, CT myelography, and conventional myelography were performed in five patients with transdural herniation of the spinal cord. These studies, along with clinical findings, are described. Intraoperative photographs are included for one case. The salient features of both the current and previously reported cases are summarized in tabular form. RESULTS: In three cases, transdural spinal cord herniation occurred posttraumatically, in one case the cause was iatrogenic and in the others the herniation occurred spontaneously. Imaging features not previously reported include dorsally directed herniations at thoracolumbar levels (two patients), apparent (lacking surgical confirmation) syringomeyelia (one case), a vertebral body nuclear trail sign (one case), and intramedullary hyperintensities on MR images (two cases). Clinical features not previously reported include unilateral pyramidal-sensory deficits (one case) and isolated unilateral pyramidal signs (one case). Clinical findings similar to previous reports include progressive paraparesis (two cases) and progressive Brown-Sequard syndrome (one case). CONCLUSION: Our five cases illustrate certain clinical and imaging findings not previously reported, and, together with the established features of the 25 cases in the literature, delineate the spectra of transdural spinal cord herniation. C1 Univ Hawaii, Sch Med, Div Neurol, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Univ Hawaii, Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Radiol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Neurosurg, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Univ Utah, Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. Univ Iowa, Coll Med, Dept Radiol, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. RP Watters, MR (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Neurol Serv, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 23 TC 73 Z9 75 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC NEURORADIOLOGY PI OAK BROOK PA 2210 MIDWEST RD, OAK BROOK, IL 60521 USA SN 0195-6108 J9 AM J NEURORADIOL JI Am. J. Neuroradiol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 19 IS 7 BP 1337 EP 1344 PG 8 WC Clinical Neurology; Neuroimaging; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 112CE UT WOS:000075475900035 PM 9726479 ER PT J AU Matylevitch, NP Schuschereba, ST Mata, JR Gilligan, GR Lawlor, DF Goodwin, CW Bowman, PD AF Matylevitch, NP Schuschereba, ST Mata, JR Gilligan, GR Lawlor, DF Goodwin, CW Bowman, PD TI Apoptosis and accidental cell death in cultured human keratinocytes after thermal injury SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DNA FRAGMENTATION; CAUTIONARY NOTE; NECROSIS; TUNEL; HYPERTHERMIA; GROWTH AB The respective roles of apoptosis and accidental cell death after thermal injury were evaluated in normal human epidermal keratinocytes. By coupling the LIVE/DEAD fluorescence viability assay with the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL) method and ultrastructural morphology, these two processes could be distinguished. Cells were grown on glass coverslips with a microgrid pattern so that the results of several staining procedures performed sequentially could be visualized in the same cells after heating at temperatures of up to 72 degrees C for 1 second. After exposure to temperatures of 58 to 59 degrees C, cells died predominantly by apoptosis; viable cells became TUNEL positive, indicating degradation of DNA. After exposure to temperatures of 60 to 66 degrees C, both TUNEL-positive viable cells and TUNEL-positive nonviable cells were observed, indicating that apoptosis and accidental cell death were occurring simultaneously. Cells died almost immediately after exposure to temperatures above 72 degrees C, presumably from heat fixation, The fluorescent mitochondrial probe MitoTracker Orange indicated that cells undergoing apoptosis became TUNEL positive before loss of mitochondrial function. Nucleosomal fragmentation of DNA analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and gel electrophoresis occurred after exposure to temperatures of 58 to 59 degrees C. The characteristic morphological findings of cells undergoing apoptosis, by transmission electron microscopy, included cellular shrinkage, cytoplasmic budding, and relatively intact mitochondria. Depending on temperature and time of exposure, normal human epidermal. keratinocytes may die by apoptosis, accidental cell death, or heat fixation. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. USA, Med Res Detachment, Brooks AFB, TX USA. RP Bowman, PD (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave,Bldg 3611, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 36 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC INVESTIGATIVE PATHOLOGY, INC PI BALTIMORE PA 428 EAST PRESTON ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21202-3993 USA SN 0002-9440 J9 AM J PATHOL JI Am. J. Pathol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 153 IS 2 BP 567 EP 577 DI 10.1016/S0002-9440(10)65599-X PG 11 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA 108LY UT WOS:000075268900025 PM 9708816 ER PT J AU Bansal, J He, JK Yarbough, PO Sen, S Constantine, NT Sen, D AF Bansal, J He, JK Yarbough, PO Sen, S Constantine, NT Sen, D TI Hepatitis E virus infection in eastern India SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID VIRAL-HEPATITIS AB Most cases of enterically transmitted non-A, non-B hepatitis in India have so far been attributed to hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection. Most of the documented studies of hepatitis have focused on the incidence of this disease in northern, western, and south central India. A small seroprevalence study was conducted in the eastern Indian city of Patna to assess the degree of HEV infection among acute sporadic hepatitis cases. Forty-two percent (24 of 57) of the cases of acute sporadic hepatitis were positive for anti-HEV antibodies. Absence of any serologic markers of hepatitis A, B, or E in 58% (33 of 57) of the cases with symptoms of acute hepatitis suggest that there may be as yet unidentified enterically transmitted viruses in this area. C1 Cell Technol Inc, Jessup, MD 20794 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Virus Dis, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Genelabs Technol Inc, Redwood City, CA 94063 USA. Sen Med Res Ctr, Patna, Bihar, India. Univ Maryland, Inst Human Virol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RP Bansal, J (reprint author), Cell Technol Inc, 7798 Jessup Rd, Jessup, MD 20794 USA. NR 9 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DRIVE SUITE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 59 IS 2 BP 258 EP 260 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 109NN UT WOS:000075329000013 PM 9715942 ER PT J AU Rossi, CA Drabick, JJ Gambel, JM Sun, W Lewis, TE Henchal, EA AF Rossi, CA Drabick, JJ Gambel, JM Sun, W Lewis, TE Henchal, EA TI Laboratory diagnosis of acute dengue fever during the United Nations Mission in Haiti, 1995-1996 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; ANTIBODIES AB We evaluated laboratory methods to confirm a clinical diagnosis of dengue. Acute sera were collected from personnel (n = 414) supporting the United Nations Mission in Haiti and presenting with febrile illness consistent with dengue fever or no apparent underlying cause. Dengue virus was recovered from 161 of 379 acute sera by inoculation into C6/36 cell culture. While 93 of 414 acute sera had detectable IgM antibodies, the IgM capture ELISA (MAC ELISA) had a sensitivity of only 13% compared with the virus isolation gold standard. If presumptive dengue fever cases were identified by both virus isolation and the presence of IgM, virus isolation and the MAC ELISA had clinical sensitivities of 69% and 40%, respectively. This study suggests that a combination of laboratory methods that target virus or subviral components as well as anti-viral IgM antibodies may be necessary for sensitive laboratory diagnosis with acute sera. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Diagnost Syst Div, MCMR, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Washington, DC USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Prevent Med, Washington, DC USA. RP Henchal, EA (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Diagnost Syst Div, MCMR, 1425 Porter St,Ft Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. NR 21 TC 16 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DRIVE SUITE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 59 IS 2 BP 275 EP 278 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 109NN UT WOS:000075329000017 PM 9715946 ER PT J AU Sanders, ML Jaworski, DC Sanchez, JL DeFraites, RE Glass, GE Scott, AL Raha, S Ritchie, BC Needham, GR Schwartz, BS AF Sanders, ML Jaworski, DC Sanchez, JL DeFraites, RE Glass, GE Scott, AL Raha, S Ritchie, BC Needham, GR Schwartz, BS TI Antibody to a cDNA-derived calreticulin protein from Amblyomma americanum as a biomarker of tick exposure in humans SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID ANTITICK SALIVA ANTIBODY; GLAND ANTIGENS; IXODES-DAMMINI; SEROPOSITIVITY; RESPONSES; RISK AB The antibody responses of human and animal hosts were studied to determine the utility of antibody against recombinant tick calreticulin (rTC), a cDNA-derived protein isolated from salivary glands of Amblyomma americanum L., as a biologic marker of tick exposure. Rabbits fed upon by either A. americancum or Dermacentor variabilis Say developed significant anti-rTC antibody responses, as measured by both ELISA and immunoblot assay. In contrast, gerbils exposed to Aedes aegypti did not develop anti-rTC antibodies, as measured by ELISA or immunoblot assay. The utility of the assay was next evaluated in humans at high risk for tick exposure. During April through September 1990, 192 military personnel who originated from either Fort Chaffee, Arkansas or Fort Wainwright, Alaska were studied during maneuvers in tick infested areas at Fort Chaffee. Study subjects completed a questionnaire and had pre- and post-maneuvers serum specimens analyzed for antibodies to rTC. In adjusted analysis (controlling for age, fort of origin, attached tick during maneuvers, and bed netting use), the use of bed netting and home station were associated with post-maneuvers anti-rTC antibody seropositivity by ELISA. Subjects from Fort Wainwright were more likely to be seropositive for anti-rTC antibody (adjusted odds ratio = 5.3, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.1-25.6), Personnel who did not report the use of bed netting were more likely to be anti-rTC seropositive (adjusted odds ratio = 6.8, 95% CI = 1.4-32.4). Immunoblot assays showed that humans had specific anti-rTC antibody responses. The animal experiments demonstrate that hosts exposed to naturally feeding ticks develop anti-rTC antibodies. The data also indicate that hosts exposed to AE. aegypti saliva may not develop antibodies against rTC. Observations in tick-exposed humans support the hypothesis that anti-rTC antibody seropositivity is a biologic marker of tick exposure. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Hyg & Publ Hlth, Dept Mol Microbiol & Immunol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Hyg & Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Mol Biol & Biochem, Irvine, CA 92717 USA. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. Off Army Surg Gen, Falls Church, VA USA. Univ Alberta, Dept Med, Edmonton, AB, Canada. Ohio State Univ, Dept Entomol, Acarol Lab, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Sanders, ML (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Hyg & Publ Hlth, Dept Mol Microbiol & Immunol, 615 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI-33665, AI-31608]; NIEHS NIH HHS [5-T32-ESO-7141] NR 23 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DRIVE SUITE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 59 IS 2 BP 279 EP 285 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 109NN UT WOS:000075329000018 PM 9715947 ER PT J AU Farley, J Loup, D Nelson, M Miller, MJ Taylor, R Gray, K AF Farley, J Loup, D Nelson, M Miller, MJ Taylor, R Gray, K TI Transferrin in normal and neoplastic endocervical tissues - Distribution and receptor expression SO ANALYTICAL AND QUANTITATIVE CYTOLOGY AND HISTOLOGY LA English DT Article DE transferrin; transferrin receptors; cervix neoplasms ID HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS DNA; RAS GENE-MUTATIONS; UTERINE CERVIX; CELL-PROLIFERATION; BREAST-CANCER; LACTOFERRIN; ADENOCARCINOMA; TRANSFORMATION; INFECTION; PROTEIN AB OBJECTIVE: Our recent studies showed that lactoferrin seems to be down-regulated in endocervical adenocarcinomas. We extended those studies to examine the expression of transferrin (Tf) and its receptor (TfR) in endocervical carcinogenesis and any relationship to the expression of lactoferrin, steroid receptors and the proliferative index. STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective study was performed using sections prepared from paraffin-embedded, formalin-fixed surgical specimens of normal endocervix, endocervical adenocarcinoma and cervical adenocarcinoma in situ. Standard immunohistochemical techniques were used to localize Tf and ifs receptor in the normal and malignant endocervix. Ln situ detection of mRNA for Tf and the TfR was also performed. The relative intensity of: the immunoreaction was estimated using digital computer image analysis. Statistical significance was tested by Student's t test. RESULTS: No differences in the relative staining intensity for Tf and TfR proteins were noted between normal and neoplastic glands. However, quantitation revealed that a greater number of malignant glands stained positive for TfR than observed in the normal endocervix. Expression of Tf and TfR did not correlate with the expression of steroid receptors and lactoferrin or with the rate of proliferation. CONCLUSION: We have demonstrated the expression of Tf and its receptor by both normal and malignant endocervical glands. The increased number of malignant endocervical glands expressing TfR may indicate a special requirement for Tf and the iron that if carries. Our data provide evidence for the existence of a Tf, TfR autocrine or paracrine circuit involved in the regulation of normal and abnormal endocervical physiology. C1 NCI, Dept Cell & Canc Biol, NIH, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Bethesda, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Farley, J (reprint author), NCI, Dept Cell & Canc Biol, NIH, 9610 Med Ctr Dr,Suite 300, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SCI PRINTERS & PUBL INC PI ST LOUIS PA P.O. DRAWER 12425 8342 OLIVE BLVD, ST LOUIS, MO 63132 USA SN 0884-6812 J9 ANAL QUANT CYTOL JI Anal. Quant. Cytol. Histol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 20 IS 4 BP 238 EP 249 PG 12 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 111CC UT WOS:000075418900002 PM 9739406 ER PT J AU Mongan, PD Brown, RS Thwaites, BK AF Mongan, PD Brown, RS Thwaites, BK TI Tranexamic acid and aprotinin reduce postoperative bleeding and transfusions during primary coronary revascularization SO ANESTHESIA AND ANALGESIA LA English DT Article ID CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS; CARDIAC-SURGERY; BLOOD-LOSS; CLINICAL-TRIAL; PLASMIN; HEMOSTASIS; ACTIVATION; MECHANISM; EFFICACY AB We evaluated the blood conservation effects of tranexamic acid (TA) or aprotinin administered before and during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in a prospective, randomized, double-blind study of 150 adult patients undergoing primary coronary artery bypass grafting surgery. Patients received either TA (2 g) or large-dose aprotinin (7 million KIU). Thirty additional untreated patients otherwise managed in a similar fashion were included from a recently completed study for comparison of outcomes. Demographic, medical, surgical, laboratory, mediastinal chest tube drainage (MCTD), transfusion, and outcome data were collected. Allogeneic blood product administration was tightly controlled. The demographic, medical, and surgical characteristics did not significantly differ between the two therapy groups. The median postoperative MCTD loss in the TA group did not significantly differ from that in the aprotinin-treated group (708 vs 600 mL). The percentage of patients that received no allogeneic blood products was 25% for the TA group and 27% for the aprotinin group (P = not significant). The median number of allogeneic blood products administered to the TA group (0 U) did not significantly differ from that administered to the aprotinin group (0 U). The percentage of patients with excessive MCTD (>1000 mL/24 h) did not significantly differ between groups (19% and 17%, respectively). In comparison, the control group had a significantly greater (P < 0.05) median MCTD (1020 mL), median allogeneic blood product exposure (4.5 U), and incidence of excessive MCTD (66%) and transfusion therapy (66%). These data help to support the use of pharmacologic methods to improve clinically relevant indicators of blood conservation for primary CPB procedures. Furthermore, the data show that TA is equivalent to aprotinin for blood conservation in patients at risk of excessive post-CPB bleeding and transfusion therapy. Implications: In a randomized, blind trial, we evaluated the effects of tranexamic acid or aprotinin on blood conservation after primary cardiopulmonary bypass surgery. Both drugs were equally effective in reducing blood loss, the incidence of transfusion, and the amount of blood products transfused compared with placebon. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Anesthesiol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Anesthesia & Operat Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Mongan, PD (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Anesthesiol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 33 TC 45 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0003-2999 J9 ANESTH ANALG JI Anesth. Analg. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 87 IS 2 BP 258 EP 265 DI 10.1097/00000539-199808000-00005 PG 8 WC Anesthesiology SC Anesthesiology GA 106VY UT WOS:000075172200005 PM 9706913 ER PT J AU Soto, J Toledo, J Rodriquez, M Sanchez, J Herrera, R Padilla, J Berman, J AF Soto, J Toledo, J Rodriquez, M Sanchez, J Herrera, R Padilla, J Berman, J TI Primaquine prophylaxis against malaria in nonimmune Colombian soldiers: Efficacy and toxicity - A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB Background: Primaquine had a prophylactic efficacy of 90% to 95% against infection with Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax in Indonesian settlers. Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of primaquine prophylaxis for protecting nonimmune persons from malaria. Design: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled field study. Setting: A malaria-endemic area in Colombia. Patients: 176 healthy, young, nonimmune adult male soldiers. Intervention: Primaquine, 30 mg/d, or matching placebo during 15 weeks of patrol in the endemic area and 1 week afterward. Measurements: Symptomatic parasitemia was determined over the 16-week intervention period and for 3 weeks in base camp. Results: Protective efficacy in the primaquine group (122 participants) was 89% (95% CI, 75% to 96%) against all types of malaria, 94% (CI, 78% to 99%) against P. falciparum malaria, and 85% (CI, 57% to 95%) against P. vivax malaria. Six primaquine recipients had mild to moderate gastrointestinal distress, and three had severe distress. Conclusions: For prophylaxis against P. falciparum malaria, primaquine has an efficacy and toxicity competitive with those of standard agents. A;potential advantage of primaquine is that prophylaxis may be discontinued 1 week after the recipient has left the endemic area. C1 Univ Mil Nueva Granada, Santafe De Bogota, DC, Colombia. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Minist Salud, Bogota, Colombia. Consorcio Invest Bioclin, Direcc Sanidad Ejercito, Bogota, Colombia. RP Soto, J (reprint author), Univ Mil Nueva Granada, Calle 100 Con Cra 11, Santafe De Bogota, DC, Colombia. NR 7 TC 48 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 USA SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD AUG 1 PY 1998 VL 129 IS 3 BP 241 EP 244 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 104UA UT WOS:000075032700009 PM 9696733 ER PT J AU Moore, TR Blair, RL Megofna, AJ Riegner, MP Shoop, BL AF Moore, TR Blair, RL Megofna, AJ Riegner, MP Shoop, BL TI Holographic interferometers with photorefractive recording media SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID PHASE MODULATION; CRYSTALS; BATIO3; SYSTEM AB We discuss two types of holographic interferometer that contain photorefractive recording media. The first type contains two beams interacting in a photorefractive medium. The second type utilizes a single beam and relies on self-pumped phase conjugation from a photorefractive crystal to make phase changes appear as intensity changes. We show both theoretically and experimentally that the first type can be analyzed in a straightforward manner; however, the second type cannot be approximated as simply a special case of the first type, as one may naively suspect. (C) 1998 Optical Society of America. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Phys, W Point, NY 10996 USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Moore, TR (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Phys, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 20 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-6935 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD AUG 1 PY 1998 VL 37 IS 22 BP 5176 EP 5183 DI 10.1364/AO.37.005176 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA 106AJ UT WOS:000075107300020 PM 18285993 ER PT J AU Rosen, DL Lambrakos, SG AF Rosen, DL Lambrakos, SG TI Modulated reflectance analysis of complex surface structures SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE response; window; reflectivity; electroreflectivity; plasmon; nonlocal ID SILVER AB An analytical approach is presented for correlating modulated reflectance spectra and complex surface structure. A response function is constructed of specular reflectance from metal surfaces that are both rough and spatially dispersive. The method of analysis is based on a response function formulation that entails a windowing operation. This windowing operation is not ad hoc and is theoretically well founded for providing a statistical interpretation of the permittivity function. The initial analysis indicates that the windowing operation provides for a robust formulation that is conveniently adaptable to a wide range of frequencies, spanning regimes characterized by different response characteristics. A prototype case using this windowed response function formulation is applied to the electroreflectivity spectra, from 1.5 to 4.5 eV, of roughened silver electrodes. The electrode is modeled by a two-interface system as the basis of a parameterization of experimentally measured response functions, which are partitioned into reflectivity and transparent regimes by the windowing operation. The bulk plasmons and defect polaritons are characterized by our robust formulation. In addition, we present a discussion of the general significance of our approach with respect to the application of statistical pattern recognition to the analysis of modulated reflectivity data. C1 USA, Res Lab, Battlefield Environm Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. USN, Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Rosen, DL (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Battlefield Environm Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY PI FREDERICK PA 201B BROADWAY ST, FREDERICK, MD 21701 USA SN 0003-7028 J9 APPL SPECTROSC JI Appl. Spectrosc. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 52 IS 8 BP 1053 EP 1061 DI 10.1366/0003702981944940 PG 9 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy GA 115TQ UT WOS:000075681900005 ER PT J AU Videen, G Chylek, P AF Videen, G Chylek, P TI Anomalous diffraction approximation limits SO ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH LA English DT Editorial Material DE anomalous diffraction approximation; scattering; ice crystals ID RADIATIVE PROPERTIES; ICE CRYSTALS; ABSORPTION; SCATTERING; EXTINCTION AB It has been reported in a recent article [Liu, C., Jonas, P.R., Saunders, C.P.R., 1996. Accuracy of the anomalous diffraction approximation to light scattering by column-like ice crystals. Atmos. Res., 41, pp. 63-69] that the anomalous diffraction approximation (ADA) accuracy does not depend on particle refractive index, but instead is dependent on the particle size parameter. Since this is at odds with previous research, we thought these results warranted further discussion. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, IS,EE, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Dalhousie Univ, Dept Phys, Atmospher Sci Program, Halifax, NS B3H 4J1, Canada. Dalhousie Univ, Dept Oceanog, Atmospher Sci Program, Halifax, NS B3H 4J1, Canada. RP Videen, G (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, IS,EE, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0169-8095 J9 ATMOS RES JI Atmos. Res. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 49 IS 1 BP 77 EP 80 DI 10.1016/S0169-8095(98)00069-6 PG 4 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA ZY530 UT WOS:000074631200006 ER PT J AU Braithwaite, MG Hudgens, JJ Estrada, A Alvarez, EA AF Braithwaite, MG Hudgens, JJ Estrada, A Alvarez, EA TI An evaluation of the British Army spatial disorientation sortie in US Army Aviation SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB Background: Following didactic instruction, most aircrew are able to experience some of the disorienting illusions and limitations of the orientation senses in a variety of ground-based devices. In order to reinforce instruction in spatial disorientation (SD) within the environment in which they operate, British Army Air Corps helicopter pilots also receive an airborne demonstration of the limitations of their orientation senses prior to rotary-wing instrument flight training. The objective of this assessment was to determine whether the SD demonstration sortie would be an effective adjunct in training aircrew in SD in the U.S. Army. Methods: There were 45 aviators and training personnel who experienced the sortie and gave their opinion in questionnaires. Results: The following conclusions were made: the maneuvers performed in the SD demonstration sortie, and the sortie overall, were extremely effective at demonstrating the limitations of the orientation senses; the SD sortie attracted a significantly higher rating in its effectiveness to train aviators in SD than all the currently available methods; the introduction of the sortie into the initial flight training syllabus would be a distinct enhancement to the SD training of aviators and associated personnel; and the introduction of the sortie into refresher training in field units would also be an advantage. Conclusion: Other services are encouraged to consider this enhancement to the SD training of aviators. C1 USA, Aeromed Res Lab, Aircrew Hlth & Performance Div, Ft Rucker, AL 36360 USA. RP Braithwaite, MG (reprint author), USA, Aeromed Res Lab, Aircrew Hlth & Performance Div, Ft Rucker, AL 36360 USA. NR 6 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 69 IS 8 BP 727 EP 732 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 106WT UT WOS:000075174600001 PM 9715959 ER PT J AU Braithwaite, MG Durnford, SJ Groh, SL Jones, HD Higdon, AA Estrada, A Alvarez, EA AF Braithwaite, MG Durnford, SJ Groh, SL Jones, HD Higdon, AA Estrada, A Alvarez, EA TI Flight simulator evaluation of a novel flight instrument display to minimize the risks of spatial disorientation SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB Background: Spatial disorientation (SD) in flight remains a major source of attrition. Many SD accidents would occur regardless of the instrument display in use, since the aircrew are simply not looking at the instruments. However, there are a number of accidents which might be amenable to improved instrument displays. In an attempt to improve maintenance and reattainment of correct orientation with a reduced cognitive workload, a novel instrument display has been developed. This paper describes an assessment of the display in a UH-60 helicopter flight simulator. Hypothesis: This study tested the hypothesis that during instrument flight and recovery from unusual attitudes, the novel display permits a more accurate maintenance and reestablishment of flight parameters than the standard flight instruments. Methods: There were 16 male aviators who flew a simulated instrument flight profile and recovery from unusual attitudes using both the standard flight instruments and the novel display. The two display formats were tested both with and without a secondary task. Results: When compared with the standard instruments, both control of flight parameters and recovery from unusual attitudes were significantly improved when using the novel display. Analysis of the secondary task scores showed that cognitive workload was reduced when using the novel display compared with the standard instruments. Conclusions: Results from all aspects of the assessment indicated benefits of the new display. Future testing should be carried out during real flight, and the display should be further developed to be used in a head-up or helmet-mounted device. C1 Army Aviat, Stockbridge SO20 8DY, Hants, England. USA, Aeromed Res Lab, Ft Rucker, AL USA. RP Braithwaite, MG (reprint author), Army Aviat, Stockbridge SO20 8DY, Hants, England. NR 11 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 69 IS 8 BP 733 EP 742 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 106WT UT WOS:000075174600002 PM 9715960 ER PT J AU Dudley, JS Lawler, J AF Dudley, JS Lawler, J TI Systemic lupus erythematosus in a naval aviator - Its aeromedical implications SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic multisystem autoimmune disease, characterized by immune dysregulation resulting in the production of antinuclear antibodies (ANA), generation of circulating immune complexes, and activation of the complement system. SLE is notable for its broad spectrum of clinical manifestations and a variable course characterized by exacerbations and remissions. The pathologic hallmark of the disease is recurrent, widespread, and diverse vascular lesions. This multisystem affliction is unpredictable and brings many aeromedical and occupational health issues that need careful consideration in the differential diagnosis of a patient with symmetrical joint pain OF facial rash. C1 USA, Sch Aviat Med, USASAM, MCCS,HAE, Ft Rucker, AL 36362 USA. RP Dudley, JS (reprint author), USA, Sch Aviat Med, USASAM, MCCS,HAE, 301 Andrews Ave, Ft Rucker, AL 36362 USA. RI Dudley, John /D-3222-2011 OI Dudley, John /0000-0001-9520-9699 NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 69 IS 8 BP 788 EP 792 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 106WT UT WOS:000075174600012 PM 9715970 ER PT J AU Fulco, CS Rock, PB Cymerman, A AF Fulco, CS Rock, PB Cymerman, A TI Maximal and submaximal exercise performance at altitude SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID HYPOXIC VENTILATORY RESPONSE; INSPIRED OXYGEN FRACTIONS; SEA-LEVEL; SIMULATED ALTITUDE; OPERATION EVEREST; MODERATE-ALTITUDE; HYPOBARIC HYPOXIA; BODY-COMPOSITION; MUSCLE FATIGUE; ACUTE EXPOSURE AB Background: Exercise performance data of numerous altitude research studies and competitive sporting events of the last four decades are reviewed. Methods: The primary focus is on the wide interindividual variation associated with maximal and submaximal exercise performance that occurs at different altitudes and for different periods of time at altitude. Results: Fitness level, pre-exposure resident altitude, gender, and du ration of altitude exposure are qualitatively assessed to determine their contribution to the overall variability. Of these, pre-altitude exposure fitness level difference contributes the most variability and gender difference contributes the least. It is also determined that beginning at an altitude of 580 m, maximal aerobic power (V) over dot O(2)max reduced and does not improve with extended exposure as long as the individual's level of fitness level is not altered significantly by increases in activity, exercise training or by altitude-induced physical deterioration. Submaximal exercise performance is also impaired at altitude. Conclusion: By assessing the performance of elite athletes, who are performing at an "all-out" effort in precisely timed events for which they are trained, it is determined that: a) the magnitude of submaximal exercise impairment is proportional to both the elevation and exercise duration at a given altitude; and b) submaximal exercise performance at altitude can Improve with continued exposure without an increase in (V) over dot O(2)max. Muscle strength, maximal muscle power, and anaerobic performance at altitude are not affected as long as muscle mass is maintained. In addition, performance is not impaired in athletic activities that have a minimal aerobic component and can be performed at high velocity (e.g., sprints). C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Fulco, CS (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 117 TC 142 Z9 145 U1 6 U2 35 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 69 IS 8 BP 793 EP 801 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 106WT UT WOS:000075174600013 PM 9715971 ER PT J AU Lieberman, HR Coffey, B Kobrick, J AF Lieberman, HR Coffey, B Kobrick, J TI A vigilance task sensitive to the effects of stimulants, hypnotics, and environmental stress: The Scanning Visual Vigilance Test SO BEHAVIOR RESEARCH METHODS INSTRUMENTS & COMPUTERS LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-PERFORMANCE; CAFFEINE; MELATONIN; MOOD AB The Scanning Visual Vigilance Test is a variable-length detection test designed to assess the ability of individuals to maintain visual alertness for sustained periods of time. The test was designed to be sensitive to changes in vigilance produced by subtle variations in performance, such as those produced by low doses of centrally acting food constituents, drugs, or environmental stress. The test has been shown to be sensitive to the effects of stimulants and sedatives, as well as cold stress and sleep loss. It requires the subject to continuously scan a video monitor to detect the occurrence of infrequent stimuli that are difficult to detect. The number of stimuli correctly detected, false alarms, and reaction times are recorded. The stimulus is a small rectangle displayed for 2 sec at random locations on a darker region of a video monitor at random or pseudo-random times. The brightness of the stimulus can be adjusted for each subject individually on an automated threshold detection test. Training and test session length are defined by the experimenter. Hardware requirements are an IBM-compatible personal computer (286 or higher) with a color or grayscale VGA monitor. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, MCMR, UE,NBD,Mil Nutr & Biochem Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Lieberman, HR (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, MCMR, UE,NBD,Mil Nutr & Biochem Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 20 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU PSYCHONOMIC SOC INC PI AUSTIN PA 1710 FORTVIEW RD, AUSTIN, TX 78704 USA SN 0743-3808 J9 BEHAV RES METH INS C JI Behav. Res. Methods Instr. Comput. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 30 IS 3 BP 416 EP 422 DI 10.3758/BF03200674 PG 7 WC Psychology, Mathematical; Psychology, Experimental SC Psychology GA 114TB UT WOS:000075624200007 ER PT J AU Amitai, G Moorad, D Adani, R Doctor, BP AF Amitai, G Moorad, D Adani, R Doctor, BP TI Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase by chlorpyrifos-oxon SO BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE acetylcholinesterase inhibition; butyrylcholinesterase inhibition; chlorpyrifos oxon; insecticide; paraoxon ID BRAIN ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE; NEUROTOXIC ESTERASE; SPECIFICITY; SUBSTRATE; TOXICITY; RATS AB Phosphorothionate insecticides such as parathion (O,O-diethyl O-p-nitrophenyl phosphorothioate) and chlorpyrifos (CPS; O,O-diethyl O-3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridyl phosphorothioate; Dursban) are metabolically converted by oxidative desulfuration into paraoxon and chlorpyrifos-oxon (CPO). The insecticidal action of chlorpyrifos stems from inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) by CPO, resulting in severe cholinergic toxicity. Sensory peripheral neuropathy was observed in people exposed environmentally to chlorpyrifos sprayed in confined areas. We have examined the kinetics of inhibition of AChE and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) by paraoxon and CPD. The bimolecular rate constants (k(i)) for inhibition by paraoxon of recombinant human (rH) AChE, recombinant mouse (rM) AChE, and fetal bovine serum (FBS) AChE were 7.0, 4.0, and 3.2 x 10(5) M-1 min(-1). The k(i) values for the inhibition by CPO of rH AChE, fetal bovine serum AChE, human RBC AChE, Torpedo AChE, and recombinant mouse (rM) AChE were 9.3, 2.2, 3.8, 8.0, and 5.1 x 10(6) M-1 min(-1), respectively. Inhibition of human serum BChE, rH BChE, and rM BChE by CPO yielded k(i) values of 1.65, 1.67, and 0.78 x 10(9) M-1 min(-1), respectively. The k(i) values obtained for BChE from various species were 160- to 750-fold larger than those of AChE from parallel sources. Inhibition of the single-site mutant A(328)Y of rH BChE by CPO displayed a 21-fold lower rate than that of wild-type rH BChE (k(i), 1.9 x 10(7) vs 1.67 x 10(9) M-1 min(-1)). The double mutant of acyl pocket residues of rH AChE, F295L/F297V, was inhibited by CPO with a 150-fold larger k(i) than wild type (1.5 x 10(9) vs 1.0 x 10(7) M-1 min(-1)). The increased rate obtained with the double mutant displaying characteristics of the BChE active center provides a rationale for higher efficacy of CPO scavenging by BChE, compared with AChE. BIOCHEM PHARMACOL 56;3:293-299, 1998. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Inc. C1 Israel Inst Biol Res, IL-74100 Ness Ziona, Israel. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Biochem, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Amitai, G (reprint author), Israel Inst Biol Res, POB 19, IL-74100 Ness Ziona, Israel. EM amitai@iibr.gov.il NR 25 TC 101 Z9 110 U1 0 U2 13 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0006-2952 J9 BIOCHEM PHARMACOL JI Biochem. Pharmacol. PD AUG 1 PY 1998 VL 56 IS 3 BP 293 EP 299 DI 10.1016/S0006-2952(98)00035-5 PG 7 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 104KG UT WOS:000075013000005 PM 9744565 ER PT J AU Stoute, JA Ballou, WR AF Stoute, JA Ballou, WR TI The current status of malaria vaccines SO BIODRUGS LA English DT Review ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM MALARIA; SPOROZOITE SURFACE PROTEIN-2; AMINO-ACID-SEQUENCE; TRANSMISSION-BLOCKING IMMUNITY; ERYTHROCYTE BINDING ANTIGEN; CARBOXYL-TERMINAL FRAGMENT; RECOMBINANT SERA PROTEIN; T-LYMPHOCYTE RESPONSES; ASEXUAL BLOOD STAGES; CIRCUMSPOROZOITE-PROTEIN AB A vaccine against Plasimodium falciparum malaria is needed now more than ever due the resurgence of the parasite and the increase in drug resistance. However, success in developing an effective malaria vaccine has been elusive. Among pre-erythrocytic antigens. the major antigen coating the surface of the sporozoite, the circumsporozoite protein (CS), has been, and continues to be, the major target for vaccine development. Despite initial limited success with CS-based vaccines, the use of new adjuvant formulations has led to the development of a promising candidate (the RTS,S vaccine) which has shown significant efficacy in a preliminary trial. In addition to CS, many other malaria antigens have been identified that play an important role in the parasite life cycle which are being considered for, or are currently undergoing, clinical trials. Among the blood stage antigens, the merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP-1) is the most promising vaccine candidate. New approaches to immunisation against malaria being considered include the use of multistage, multicomponent vaccines in attenuated viral vectors (NYVAC-Pf7), or in a combination DNA vaccine. While there is reason to be optimistic about the prospects for an effective vaccine, many challenges lie ahead that still have to be overcome. Among these are the antigenic polymorphism exhibited by wild parasite strains and the genetic restriction of immune responses. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Stoute, JA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Bldg 40, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM stoutej@wrsmpt.ccmail.army.mil NR 113 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU ADIS INTERNATIONAL LTD PI AUCKLAND PA 41 CENTORIAN DR, PRIVATE BAG 65901, MAIRANGI BAY, AUCKLAND 10, NEW ZEALAND SN 1173-8804 J9 BIODRUGS JI Biodrugs PD AUG PY 1998 VL 10 IS 2 BP 123 EP 136 DI 10.2165/00063030-199810020-00004 PG 14 WC Oncology; Immunology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Oncology; Immunology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 111AV UT WOS:000075415900004 PM 18020590 ER PT J AU Barillo, DJ Stetz, CK Zak, AL Shirani, KZ Goodwin, CW AF Barillo, DJ Stetz, CK Zak, AL Shirani, KZ Goodwin, CW TI Preventable burns associated with the misuse of gasoline SO BURNS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th Annual Meeting of the American-Burn-Association CY MAR 14-17, 1996 CL NASHVILLE, TENNESSEE SP Amer Burn Assoc DE burns; gasoline; prevention ID PETROL AB Gasoline is intended for use as a motor fuel, but the universal availability of gasoline in the home encourages misuse as a solvent, insecticide, accelerant or cleaning solution. The careless or inappropriate use of gasoline may result in burn injury. We examined the circumstance of gasoline-related injury in a population admitted to one burn centre to determine the potential for burn prevention efforts. A retrospective review of all burn admissions to one centre for the years 1978 to 1996 demonstrated hat 1011 of 4339 acute admissions (23.3%) were gasoline-related. This group had an average total burn size of 29,8% total body surface (TBSA) and an average full thickness injury of 14.3% TBSA. There were 144 fatalities resulting from gasoline-associated burn injury. Where such determination could be made, the use of gasoline was judged to be inappropriate or unsafe in 657 of 788 cases (57.1%). Ninety of 144 fatalities (62.5%) were associated with inappropriate or unsafe use of gasoline. The careless or inappropriate use of gasoline poses significant risk of burn injury. The indoor use of gasoline, as well as use of gasoline for purposes other than as a motor fuel, should be strongly discouraged. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd for ISBI. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Barillo, DJ (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 15 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0305-4179 J9 BURNS JI Burns PD AUG PY 1998 VL 24 IS 5 BP 439 EP 443 DI 10.1016/S0305-4179(98)00035-7 PG 5 WC Critical Care Medicine; Dermatology; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Dermatology; Surgery GA 110TM UT WOS:000075396500010 PM 9725684 ER PT J AU Furgerson, JL Sample, SA Gilman, JK Carlson, TA AF Furgerson, JL Sample, SA Gilman, JK Carlson, TA TI Complete heart block and polymorphic ventricular tachycardia complicating myocardial infarction after occlusion of the first septal perforator with coronary stenting SO CATHETERIZATION AND CARDIOVASCULAR DIAGNOSIS LA English DT Article DE coronary angioplasty; prognosis; outcome; heart block AB We report a case of complete heart block (CHB) acid polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (VT) which was associated with a modest-sized myocardial infarction (MI) following incidental occlusion of the first septal perforator (FSP) branch after stent deployment to the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery. These complications were successfully treated with temporary pacing and subsequently resolved with spontaneous recanalization of the first septal perforator. This case represents an interesting product of medical progress which defies the adverse natural history and poor prognosis of anteroseptal MI associated with CHB due to the small amount of myonecrosis associated with this event. (C) 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Serv Cardiol, MCHE,MDC, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Furgerson, JL (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Serv Cardiol, MCHE,MDC, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr,Bldg 3600, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0098-6569 J9 CATHETER CARDIO DIAG JI Catheter. Cardiovasc. Diagn. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 44 IS 4 BP 434 EP 437 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0304(199808)44:4<434::AID-CCD17>3.0.CO;2-I PG 4 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 106PJ UT WOS:000075137800017 PM 9716213 ER PT J AU Cowan, FM Broomfield, CA Smith, WJ AF Cowan, FM Broomfield, CA Smith, WJ TI Sulfur mustard exposure enhances Fc receptor expression on human epidermal keratinocytes in cell culture: Implications for toxicity and medical countermeasures SO CELL BIOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE sulfur mustard; Fc receptor; protease; keratinocytes; vesication ID IMMUNOGLOBULIN BINDING-FACTORS; GUINEA-PIG SKIN; ACTIVATION; NIACINAMIDE AB Sulfur mustard (HD) is a chemical warfare blister agent. The biochemical basis of HD-induced vesication is unknown, and no antidote currently exists. Basal epidermal cells are a major site of HD toxicity in vivo, with inflammation and HD-increased proteolytic activity implicated as factors that contribute to HD pathology. Fc receptors (FcR) bind to the Fc region of antibody to mediate many effector and regulatory functions that can influence inflammatory responses. FcR are found on all types of immune cells and are also expressed on the surface of human keratinocytes. Assay by fluorescent antibodies demonstrated significantly enhanced CD32 (FcRII) and CD16 (FcRIII) on human epidermal keratinocyte (HEK) cell cultures at 8 to 24 h after exposure to HD (50, 100 and 200 mu mol/L). The enhanced CD32 was time- and concentration-dependent and agreed well with the time course of increased proteolysis and cutaneous pathology observed during HD vesication. HD-increased FcR on the surface of HEK might be a mechanism of vesication. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, MCMRUVPB Dr WJ Smith, Biochem Pharmacol Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Smith, WJ (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, MCMRUVPB Dr WJ Smith, Biochem Pharmacol Branch, 3100 Ricketts Point Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 43 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0742-2091 J9 CELL BIOL TOXICOL JI Cell Biol. Toxicol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 14 IS 4 BP 261 EP 266 DI 10.1023/A:1007430907869 PG 6 WC Cell Biology; Toxicology SC Cell Biology; Toxicology GA 112AA UT WOS:000075470200003 PM 9733281 ER PT J AU Price, BS AF Price, BS TI Managers and leaders needed all the way to the top SO CIVIL ENGINEERING LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Washington, DC 20314 USA. RP Price, BS (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, Washington, DC 20314 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 USA SN 0885-7024 J9 CIVIL ENG JI Civil Eng. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 68 IS 8 BP 8 EP 8 PG 1 WC Engineering, Civil SC Engineering GA 104WG UT WOS:000075038600001 ER PT J AU Watson, MS AF Watson, MS TI A new spin on bid sets SO CIVIL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Memphis Dist, Washington, DC 20314 USA. RP Watson, MS (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, Memphis Dist, Washington, DC 20314 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 USA SN 0885-7024 J9 CIVIL ENG JI Civil Eng. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 68 IS 8 BP 55 EP 57 PG 3 WC Engineering, Civil SC Engineering GA 104WG UT WOS:000075038600033 ER PT J AU Tolnay, M Tsokos, GC AF Tolnay, M Tsokos, GC TI Complement receptor 2 in the regulation of the immune response SO CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY AND IMMUNOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Review DE complement receptor 2; B lymphocytes; immune response ID EPSTEIN-BARR-VIRUS; HUMAN LYMPHOCYTES-B; FOLLICULAR DENDRITIC CELLS; SYSTEMIC LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS; CALCIUM-BINDING PROTEIN; NF-KAPPA-B; T-DEPENDENT ANTIGEN; COBRA VENOM FACTOR; HUMAN CR-2 GENE; C3D RECEPTOR AB Antigens coated with split products of C3, the result of complement activation, are capable of crosslinking the complement receptor 2 (CR2, CD21) and the antigen receptor on the surface of B cells simultaneously. This dual recognition leads to increased cell proliferation and differentiation and enhanced antibody production. CR2 is also considered to be a regulator of the B cell response to antigen. In this review we summarize the biology of the CR2 and focus on its essential role in generating an effective B cell response to antigenic stimuli. The involvement of CR2 in the pathophysiology of infectious and autoimmune diseases is also discussed. (C) 1998 Academic Press. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Clin Physiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Tsokos, GC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Clin Physiol, Bldg 40,Rm 3078, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 108 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0090-1229 J9 CLIN IMMUNOL IMMUNOP JI Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 88 IS 2 BP 123 EP 132 DI 10.1006/clin.1998.4552 PG 10 WC Immunology; Pathology SC Immunology; Pathology GA 116UM UT WOS:000075743400001 PM 9714689 ER PT J AU Hospenthal, DR Bennett, JE AF Hospenthal, DR Bennett, JE TI Flucytosine monotherapy for cryptococcosis SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID AMPHOTERICIN-B; 5-FLUOROCYTOSINE; MENINGITIS; NEOFORMANS; EXPERIENCE; MYCOSES AB Flucytosine (5-FC) monotherapy for cryptococcosis is not advocated because drug resistance emerges during therapy. Reported documentation of this widely accepted belief is surprisingly scarce. Therefore, we reviewed our experience with 5-FC monotherapy for 27 patients treated between 1968 and 1973. Patients were selected on the basis of criteria associated with good prognosis. In this group, 5-FC monotherapy resulted in cure in eight cases and improvement in two. Overall, response was seen in 10 (43%) of 23 evaluable patients. Therapy failed for 13 patients, including 5 who relapsed, 2 who had partial responses, and 6 without response. Resistance was noted to have developed in isolates from six (50%) of 12 patients for whom therapy failed. Although the 57% failure rate associated with 5-FC alone precludes its use as monotherapy, our study did show that this treatment was well tolerated and that failure was not invariably associated with development of resistance. C1 NIAID, Clin Mycol Sect, LCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Hospenthal, DR (reprint author), NIAID, Clin Mycol Sect, LCI, NIH, Bldg 10,Room 11C304,10 Ctr Dr MSC1882, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NR 24 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5801 S ELLIS AVENUE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 27 IS 2 BP 260 EP 264 DI 10.1086/514669 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 108VB UT WOS:000075285400005 PM 9709874 ER PT J AU Clayton, AS McCullough, M Barekman, CL AF Clayton, AS McCullough, M Barekman, CL TI Primary cutaneous B-cell lymphoma SO CUTIS LA English DT Article ID CLASSIFICATION; RADIOTHERAPY; ORIGIN AB A 63-year-old woman presented with a single plaque on her left earlobe that was shown to be a B-cell lymphoma on histopathologic examination. Immunohistochemical studies on the paraffin-embedded tissue and now cytometry of fresh tissue helped characterize the neoplasm. She had no other systemic involvement and a diagnosis of primary cutaneous B-cell lymphoma was made. This neoplasm has, in general, a good prognosis with excellent response to radiation therapy, polychemotherapy, or both. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dermatol Serv, MCHE, MDD, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Clayton, AS (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dermatol Serv, MCHE, MDD, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr,Bldg 3600, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 16 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD AUG PY 1998 VL 62 IS 2 BP 69 EP 72 PG 4 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 109MQ UT WOS:000075326700005 PM 9714900 ER PT J AU Johnston, KA Elston, DM AF Johnston, KA Elston, DM TI Palmoplantar pustulosis associated with sternocostoclavicular hyperostosis SO CUTIS LA English DT Article ID ARTHROOSTEITIS; OSTEITIS AB Palmoplantar pustulosis associated with sternocostoclavicular hyperostosis is characterized by asymmetrical and nonerosive involvement of the sternocostoclavicular joint, spine, and peripheral joints in association with palmoplantar pustulosis.(1) This seronegative arthrosteitis has been most frequently described in the rheumatologic literature. Male and female patients are affected eqully, but there tends to be a higher prevalence in Japan and Scandinavian countries.(1) We present a case of a 50-year-old man who presented with palmoplantar pustulosis that preceded his sternocostoclavicular hyperostotic symptoms by 1 to 2 years. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Combined Dermatol Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Combined Dermatol Serv, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. RP Johnston, KA (reprint author), 100 Adele Court, Yorktown, VA 23693 USA. NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD AUG PY 1998 VL 62 IS 2 BP 75 EP 76 PG 2 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 109MQ UT WOS:000075326700007 PM 9714901 ER PT J AU Schissel, DJ Hivnor, C Elston, DM AF Schissel, DJ Hivnor, C Elston, DM TI Elephantiasis nostras verrucosa SO CUTIS LA English DT Article ID ETRETINATE AB Elephantiasis nostras verrucosa is a rare, chronic, deforming disorder characterized by hyperkeratosis and papillomatosis of the epidermis with underlying woody fibrosis of the dermis and subcutaneous tissue. Chronic lymphedema, either congenital or secondary to infection, surgery, radiation, neoplastic obstruction, obesity, portal hypertension, or chronic congestive heart failure, plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis. Without appropriate intervention, the slowly progressive cutaneous changes will culminate in massive and grotesque enlargement of the affected body region, In the following case report, the natural history and the management of elephantiasis nostras are discussed. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. RP Schissel, DJ (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Bldg 3600,3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 15 TC 18 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD AUG PY 1998 VL 62 IS 2 BP 77 EP 80 PG 4 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 109MQ UT WOS:000075326700008 PM 9714902 ER PT J AU Honl, BA Elston, DM AF Honl, BA Elston, DM TI Autoimmune bullous eruption localized to a breast reconstruction response to niacinamide SO CUTIS LA English DT Article ID TETRACYCLINE THERAPY; RADIOTHERAPY; NICOTINAMIDE AB A case of bullous pemphigoid responding to niacinamide as monotherapy is reported. Clinically, the patient presented with bullous lesions localized to the left breast, She had a history of a left breast mastectomy for breast cancer. This was followed by radiation therapy to the left chest wall and delayed left breast reconstruction achieved with a transposition nap of the latissimus dorsi muscle. There have been reports of bullous pemphigoid treated with a combination of tetracycline and niacinamide, This is the first report, to our knowledge, of a case of bullous pemphigoid responding to niacinamide alone. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. RP Honl, BA (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 15 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD AUG PY 1998 VL 62 IS 2 BP 85 EP 86 PG 2 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 109MQ UT WOS:000075326700010 PM 9714904 ER PT J AU Peake, MF Perkins, P Elston, DM Older, SA Vinson, RP AF Peake, MF Perkins, P Elston, DM Older, SA Vinson, RP TI Cutaneous ulcers of refractory adult dermatomyositis responsive to intravenous immunoglubulin SO CUTIS LA English DT Article ID GAMMA-GLOBULIN THERAPY; COMPUTER-ASSISTED ANALYSIS; PROGNOSTIC FACTORS; POLYMYOSITIS; IMMUNOGLOBULIN; AZATHIOPRINE; CYCLOSPORINE; METHOTREXATE; MALIGNANCY; PREDNISONE AB We report the case of a woman from the Bahamas who presented with many of the classic manifestations of dermatomyositis. She responded well to initial therapy, which included oral corticosteroids, low-dosage methotrexate, and hydroxychloroquine. The cutaneous component of her disease flared dramatically months later, and progressed despite aggressive therapy with the higher dosages of the same medications. Therapy with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) was initiated and the patient stopped forming new cutaneous ulcers within 1 to 2 weeks. Theories about the mechanism of action of IVIG, and practical guidelines for its use in treating patients with dermatomyositis, are briefly reviewed. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Dermatol Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Rheumatol Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Dermatol Serv, Ft Sill, OK USA. Dermatol Serv, Ft Bliss, TX USA. RP Peake, MF (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Dermatol Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 33 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 3 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD AUG PY 1998 VL 62 IS 2 BP 89 EP 93 PG 5 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 109MQ UT WOS:000075326700011 PM 9714905 ER PT J AU Keough, GC Hivnor, CM Elston, DM McCollough, ML AF Keough, GC Hivnor, CM Elston, DM McCollough, ML TI Acquired perforating dermatosis in a patient with chronic renal failure and diabetes mellitus SO CUTIS LA English DT Article ID COLLAGENOSIS; ELIMINATION AB Perforating disorders in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF), diabetes mellitus (DM), or both, may resemble any or all of the four classic cutaneous perforating disorders. However, due to the highly variable and overlapping histologic appearance of the lesions in patients with CRF, DM, or both it may be useful to categorize these lesions as a distinct, yet encompassing process, termed try Rapini as acquired perforating dermatosis, We describe a patient with both CRF and DM with acquired perforating dermatosis. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Wilford Hall Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Wilford Hall Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Keough, GC (reprint author), Dwight D Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dermatol Serv, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD AUG PY 1998 VL 62 IS 2 BP 94 EP 96 PG 3 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 109MQ UT WOS:000075326700012 PM 9714906 ER PT J AU Ricci, RM Meffert, JJ McCullough, ML AF Ricci, RM Meffert, JJ McCullough, ML TI Primary anetoderma SO CUTIS LA English DT Article ID ANTIBODIES AB Primary anetoderma is a rare disorder characterized by sac-like herniations and depressions in previously normal skin. On histologic examination, elastic fibers are destroyed by an inflammatory infiltrate. We describe a striking case of primary anetoderma and review the classification, differential diagnosis, causes, and treatment. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Ricci, RM (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 10 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD AUG PY 1998 VL 62 IS 2 BP 101 EP 103 PG 3 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 109MQ UT WOS:000075326700014 PM 9714908 ER PT J AU Powers, JC Hill, JC Grabski, WJ AF Powers, JC Hill, JC Grabski, WJ TI Lower extremity purpura associated with new-onset autoimmune hepatitis: An unusual presentation SO CUTIS LA English DT Article ID HETEROGENEITY AB Autoimmune hepatitis is a chronic necroin-flammatory disorder of unknown cause. The morbidity and mortality of this potentially lethal disorder can be minimized by timely diagnosis and treatment. Patients can present with a wide variety of clinical and laboratory manifestations, including high titers of antinuclear antibody and other autoantibodies commonly associated with dermatologic disorders. Overt evidence of hepatic injury can be a late finding. An unusual presentation of autoimmune hepatitis and a brief review of its clinical features are presented, with an emphasis on those findings most relevant to a practicing dermatologist. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Powers, JC (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD AUG PY 1998 VL 62 IS 2 BP 109 EP 110 PG 2 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 109MQ UT WOS:000075326700015 PM 9714909 ER PT J AU Zimmer, Z Liu, X Hermalin, A Chuang, YL AF Zimmer, Z Liu, X Hermalin, A Chuang, YL TI Educational attainment and transitions in functional status among older Taiwanese SO DEMOGRAPHY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the Population-Association-of-America CY MAY 08-12, 1996 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP Populat Assoc Amer ID RISK-FACTORS; LIFE EXPECTANCY; SOCIAL SUPPORT; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS; ALAMEDA COUNTY; UNITED-STATES; HEALTH-STATUS; ACTIVE LIFE; MORTALITY AB Despite considerable research examining the influence of socioeconomic status on health, few studies have considered this relationship as it pertains to older adults in non-Western societies. We attempt to ascertain the influence of education on changes in physical functioning in a rapidly developing country. Data come from the 1989 Survey of Health and Living Status of the Elderly in Taiwan and a follow-up interview in 1993 (N = 4,049, age = 60+). Individuals are conceptualized to be in a state of functional independence or functional limitation at the time of origin, based on their ability to perform three physical functioning tasks. The outcome at the follow-up interview is categorized as functionally independent, limited, or dead, allowing for six probabilities, one from each state of origin to each outcome. These are calculated using a multinomial logit model, controlling for other factors often thought to be associated with health transitions. High levels of educational attainment result in a decreased incidence of functional limitation for those originating in a stare of independence. Contrary to expectations, however, education has little influence on those who originate functionally limited. Thus, higher education plays a substantial role in primary prevention of morbidity, delaying the onset of disability, but other factors are more important once limitations begin. We speculate on the reasons behind these findings, including that the results may be culturally dependent. C1 Univ Nevada, Dept Sociol, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Michigan, Ctr Populat Studies, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Taiwan Provincial Inst Family Planning, Taichung, Taiwan. RP Zimmer, Z (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Sociol, 4505 Maryland Pkwy,Box 455033, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. EM zimmerz@nevada.edu FU NIA NIH HHS [AG07637] NR 61 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 4 U2 15 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0070-3370 J9 DEMOGRAPHY JI Demography PD AUG PY 1998 VL 35 IS 3 BP 361 EP 375 DI 10.2307/3004043 PG 15 WC Demography SC Demography GA 116FQ UT WOS:000075714000009 PM 9749327 ER PT J AU Meffert, JJ Cagna, DR Meffert, RM AF Meffert, JJ Cagna, DR Meffert, RM TI Treatment of oral granulation tissue with the flashlamp pulsed dye laser SO DERMATOLOGIC SURGERY LA English DT Article ID PYOGENIC GRANULOMA; DENTAL SURGERY; CO2-LASER AB BACKGROUND. Surgical excision and debridement is the standard therapy for cutaneous and intraoral pyogenic granulomas (PGs). Occasionally the mass of granulation tissue proves unresponsive to the usual treatment methods. OBJECTIVE. We report a case in which the flashlamp pulsed dye laser (PDL), previously reported as useful in cutaneous PGs, was used in a patient with persistent granulation tissue around dental implant posts. METHODS. An illustrative case is presented with a brief discussion of the use of lasers in dentistry and in the treatment of PGs. RESULTS. Previously resolute tissue responded well to a series of treatments with the PDL. CONCLUSION. The PDL may have utility in this oral condition, providing a new venue for cooperation between dentists and dermatologists. (C) 1998 by the American Society for Dermatologic Surgery, Inc. Dermatol Surg 1998;24:845-848. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio Uniformed Serv Hlth Educ Consortium, Dept Dermatol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Prosthodont, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Periodont, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Meffert, JJ (reprint author), 19626 Encino Knoll, San Antonio, TX 78259 USA. NR 25 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1076-0512 J9 DERMATOL SURG JI Dermatol. Surg. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 24 IS 8 BP 845 EP 848 PG 4 WC Dermatology; Surgery SC Dermatology; Surgery GA 112BR UT WOS:000075474700005 PM 9723048 ER PT J AU Grabski, WJ Salasche, SJ AF Grabski, WJ Salasche, SJ TI Positive surgical excision margins of a basal cell carcinoma SO DERMATOLOGIC SURGERY LA English DT Article ID MANAGEMENT; RECURRENCE; SKIN C1 Univ Arizona, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Tucson, AZ USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Salasche, SJ (reprint author), 5300 N Montezuma Trail, Tucson, AZ 85750 USA. NR 18 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1076-0512 J9 DERMATOL SURG JI Dermatol. Surg. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 24 IS 8 BP 921 EP 924 PG 4 WC Dermatology; Surgery SC Dermatology; Surgery GA 112BR UT WOS:000075474700022 PM 9723063 ER PT J AU Wolden, CA Draper, CE Sitar, Z Prater, JT AF Wolden, CA Draper, CE Sitar, Z Prater, JT TI The influence of nitrogen addition on the morphology, growth rate, and Raman spectra of combustion grown diamond SO DIAMOND AND RELATED MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE nitrogen; combustion synthesis; texture; Raman ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; FILMS; FLAME; TEXTURE AB The influence of intentional nitrogen addition on diamond deposition using a low pressure acetylene-oxygen flat flame was studied. The film morphology was assessed by scanning electron microscopy, growth rates by cross-section thickness measurements, and nitrogen incorporation by Raman spectroscopy. It was found that the addition of nitrogen increased the growth parameter alpha, and for the conditions investigated [100] textured films were obtained for nitrogen levels between three and five parts per thousand (ppt). It was found that there was no change in growth rate over the range 0-7 ppt N-2 addition. At higher levels the films became amorphous. For low levels (<5 ppt) the luminescence signal in the Raman spectra increased steadily with nitrogen addition, while the features associated with sp(2) and sp(3) bonded carbon were unchanged. Comparisons with natural diamond and hot-filament grown material demonstrate that nitrogen is a significant impurity in our acetylene source. Equilibrium calculations showed that NO and atomic nitrogen were the two dominant products that may be responsible for the observed changes in morphology and Raman spectra. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science S.A. C1 Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Chem Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Wolden, CA (reprint author), Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Chem Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 22 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-9635 J9 DIAM RELAT MATER JI Diam. Relat. Mat. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 7 IS 8 BP 1178 EP 1183 DI 10.1016/S0925-9635(98)00172-1 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 106ME UT WOS:000075132700014 ER PT J AU Brengman, ML Otchy, DP AF Brengman, ML Otchy, DP TI Timing of computed tomography in acute diverticulitis SO DISEASES OF THE COLON & RECTUM LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the American-Society-of-Colon-and-Rectal-Surgeons CY JUN 21-27, 1997 CL PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA SP Amer Soc Colon & Rectal Surgeons DE diverticulitis; computed tomography; hospital costs; complications; surgery; accuracy ID COLONIC DIVERTICULITIS; PERCUTANEOUS DRAINAGE AB PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use and timing of computed tomography in the treatment of patients with acute left-sided diverticulitis. METHODS: We reviewed our four-year experience of 47 patients with the diagnosis of acute diverticulitis. We have evaluated the benefits of admission vs, delayed computed tomography in patients with this diagnosis. RESULTS: Of the 47 patients, 17 were diagnosed on clinical grounds alone, treated, and released. Thirty patients had their clinical diagnoses of diverticulitis evaluated with either computed tomographic scan (26) or laparotomy (4). Eleven of those 30 (36 percent) patients were found to have normal computed tomographic scans, indicating inaccurate clinical diagnosis, and all patients who underwent laparotomy had the pathologic diagnosis of diverticulitis. Six of the 47 patients had abscesses, but only 2 were identified at the time of admission. The remaining four abscesses were identified on delayed computed tomographic scans after failure of medical therapy. Thirty-seven hospital days were used by patients with inaccurate diagnoses before their computed tomographic scans. Analysis of cost revealed that a computed tomographic scan for all 47 patients would have cost less than the expense of admission for just the 11 patients who had normal computed tomographic scans. CONCLUSION: Routine admission computed tomographic scan for patients with acute diverticulitis leads to more accurate diagnosis, earlier identification of complications, and possible decreased hospital costs. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Brengman, ML (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 13 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0012-3706 J9 DIS COLON RECTUM JI Dis. Colon Rectum PD AUG PY 1998 VL 41 IS 8 BP 1023 EP 1028 DI 10.1007/BF02237394 PG 6 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Surgery SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Surgery GA 109XJ UT WOS:000075349400015 PM 9715160 ER PT J AU Abouchacra, KS Emanuel, DC Blood, IM Letowski, TR AF Abouchacra, KS Emanuel, DC Blood, IM Letowski, TR TI Spatial perception of speech in various signal to noise ratios SO EAR AND HEARING LA English DT Review ID SOUND-PRESSURE LEVELS; NORMAL HEARING; FREE-FIELD; LOCALIZATION; EAR; IMPAIRMENT; THRESHOLD; INTENSITY; LISTENERS; CHILDREN AB Objective: The study was designed to assess the effects of background noise level on the detection and localization of speech. Design: The phrase "Where is this?" was presented either in quiet or in a diffuse noise field, through loudspeakers arranged in a 360 degrees azimuth array. The noise conditions included 11 signal to noise ratios (SNRs) ranging from -18 dB SNR to +12 dB SNR in 3 dB increments. Seventeen normal-hearing subjects, aged 18 to 29, participated in the study. Results: Results revealed that in all listening conditions the signal was most easily detected when presented through a loudspeaker positioned at 90 degrees or 270 degrees azimuth. Although the actual level for 50% detection varied as a function of loudspeaker location and SNR, 85% and 100% of all presentations of the signal were detected at -9 dB and -6 dB SNR, respectively. Localization accuracy improved as the SNR increased, ranging from 18% accuracy at -18 dB SNR to 89% at +12 dB SNR, Localization accuracy in quiet was 95%. The data are discussed in reference to patterns of responses at each loudspeaker location. Conclusions: Detection of the target signal deteriorated as background noise level increased and was dependent on the source location of the incoming signal, as expected. Localization accuracy of the target signal was highly dependent on the SNR and spatial location of the signal source. Detection and localization accuracy data were found to be repeatable across test sessions and response patterns were found to be symmetrical on the right and left sides of the horizontal plane. C1 USA, Res Lab, Human Res & Engn Directorate, AMSRL,HR,SD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Towson State Univ, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, Towson, MD USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Commun Disorders, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Letowski, TR (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Human Res & Engn Directorate, AMSRL,HR,SD, Bldg 520, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 123 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0196-0202 J9 EAR HEARING JI Ear Hear. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 19 IS 4 BP 298 EP 309 DI 10.1097/00003446-199808000-00005 PG 12 WC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Otorhinolaryngology SC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Otorhinolaryngology GA 110PW UT WOS:000075390400005 PM 9728725 ER PT J AU Hay, KJ Liu, ZC Hanratty, TJ AF Hay, KJ Liu, ZC Hanratty, TJ TI A backlighted imaging technique for particle size measurements in two-phase flows SO EXPERIMENTS IN FLUIDS LA English DT Article ID VERTICAL ANNULAR-FLOW; DROP SIZE; DEPOSITION; DISPERSION AB An imaging technique that uses backlighting has been developed to measure drop sizes in annular two-phase flows with small concentrations of drops in the gas phase. Advantages over conventional photography are realized in that data collection and analysis times are shortened considerably, and consistent unbiased results can be expected. A magnification of 1.9 was used to measure drops above 50 mu m. A drop size distribution was obtained for an air-water system as a superficial gas velocity of 30 m/s and a liquid flow of 20 g/s. The data are used to substantiate a theory for the rate of deposition. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Chem Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Hay, KJ (reprint author), USA, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61826 USA. NR 18 TC 22 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0723-4864 J9 EXP FLUIDS JI Exp. Fluids PD AUG PY 1998 VL 25 IS 3 BP 226 EP 232 DI 10.1007/s003480050225 PG 7 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA 119XX UT WOS:000075924700004 ER PT J AU Kuo, CY Frost, JD Chameau, JLA AF Kuo, CY Frost, JD Chameau, JLA TI Image analysis determination of stereology based fabric tensors SO GEOTECHNIQUE LA English DT Article DE anisotropy; fabric/structure of soils; laboratory tests; microscopy; sands ID STRUCTURAL ANISOTROPY AB Fabric tensors that characterize the distribution of directional data from microscopic observations are considered to be a useful measure of anisotropy for granular materials. This paper describes the measurement of several stereology based fabric tensors, such as the surface area tensor S-ij, mean free path tensor lambda(ij) and porosity tensor N-ij, the formulations in three dimensions of which can be obtained by making observations in three mutually perpendicular planes. The measurement techniques and the implementation of these measurement techniques using image analysis are described. The implementation of these techniques is illustrated using typical images, The sensitivity, generality, practical implications and limitations of the techniques are also discussed. C1 USA, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Georgia Inst Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Kuo, CY (reprint author), USA, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 18 TC 27 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 1 PU THOMAS TELFORD SERVICES LTD PI LONDON PA THOMAS TELFORD HOUSE, 1 HERON QUAY, LONDON, ENGLAND E14 4JD SN 0016-8505 J9 GEOTECHNIQUE JI Geotechnique PD AUG PY 1998 VL 48 IS 4 BP 515 EP 525 PG 11 WC Engineering, Geological SC Engineering GA 114JL UT WOS:000075605300005 ER PT J AU Bower, MW Hintenlang, DE AF Bower, MW Hintenlang, DE TI The characterization of a commercial MOSFET dosimeter system for use in diagnostic x ray SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE x rays; diagnostic radiology; dose, absorbed; medical radiation ID RADIATION DOSIMETER; SENSITIVITY; DETECTOR; PROBE AB A commercial patient dose verification system utilizing non-invasive metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) dosimeters originally designed for radiotherapy applications has been evaluated for use at diagnostic energy levels. The system features multiple dosimeters that may be used to monitor entrance or exit skin dose and intracavity doses in phantoms in real time. We have characterized both the standard MOSFET dosimeter designed for radiotherapy dose verification and a newly developed "high sensitivity" MOSFET dosimeter designed for lower dose measurements. The sensitivity, linearity, angular response, postexposure response, and physical characteristics were evaluated. The average sensitivity (free in air, including backscatter) of the radiotherapy MOSFET dosimeters ranged from 3.55 x 10(4) mV per C kg(-1) (9.2 mV R-1) to 4.87 x 10(4) mV per C kg(-1) (12.6 mV R-1) depending on the energy of the x-ray field. The sensitivity of the "high sensitivity" MOSFET dosimeters ranged from 1.15 x 10(5) mV per C kg(-1) (29.7 mV R-1) to 1.38 x 10(5) mV per C kg(-1) (35.7 mV R-1) depending on the energy of the x-ray field, The high sensitivity dosimeters demonstrated excellent linearity at high energies (90 and 120 kVp) and acceptable linearity at lower energies (60 kVp), The angular response was significant for free-in-air exposures, as illustrated by the sensitivity differences between the two sides of the dosimeter, but was excellent for measurements within a tissue equivalent cylinder. The post-exposure drift response is a complicated but reproducible function of time. Real-time monitoring requires little if any corrections for the postexposure drift response. The MOSFET dosimeter system brings some unique capabilities to diagnostic radiology dosimetry including small size, real-time capabilities, nondestructive measurement, good linearity, and a predictable angular response. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Nucl & Radiol Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. USA, Med Dept Ctr, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Univ Florida, Sch Duty, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. NR 17 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 75 IS 2 BP 197 EP 204 DI 10.1097/00004032-199808000-00013 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 102YB UT WOS:000074952900013 PM 9685076 ER PT J AU Hardy, JP Davis, RE Jordan, R Ni, W Woodcock, CE AF Hardy, JP Davis, RE Jordan, R Ni, W Woodcock, CE TI Snow ablation modelling in a mature aspen stand of the boreal forest SO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES LA English DT Article DE snow ablation; boreal forest; aspen stand; snow model ID ENERGY-BALANCE; CANOPY; REFLECTANCE; COVER; VEGETATION; ALBEDO; ICE AB Snow ablation modelling at the stand scale must account for the variability in snow cover and the large variations of components of energy transfer at the forest floor. Our previous work successfully predicted snow ablation in a mature jack pine stand by using a one-dimensional snow process model and models predicting radiation below forest canopies. This work represents a second test of our basic modelling scenario by predicting snow ablation in a leafless, deciduous aspen stand and verifying the results with field data. New modifications to the snow model accounted for decreased albedo owing to radiation penetration through optically thin snowpacks. A provisional equation estimates litter fall on the snowpack, thereby reducing the areal averaged albedo. We showed that subcanopy radiation measurements can be used with a canopy model to estimate a branch area index for defoliated aspen as an analogue to the foliage area index used for conifers. Modelled incoming solar and long-wave radiation showed a strong correlation with measurements, with r(2) = 0.95 and 0.91 for solar and long-wave radiation, respectively. Model results demonstrate that net radiation overwhelms turbulent exchanges as the most significant driving force for snowmelt in aspen forests. Predicted snow ablation in the aspen stand compared very favourably with available data on snow depth. (C) 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Hardy, JP (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 37 TC 52 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0885-6087 J9 HYDROL PROCESS JI Hydrol. Process. PD AUG-SEP PY 1998 VL 12 IS 10-11 BP 1763 EP 1778 PG 16 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA 116TF UT WOS:000075740100017 ER PT J AU Albert, M Krajeski, G AF Albert, M Krajeski, G TI A fast, physically based point snowmelt model for use in distributed applications SO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES LA English DT Article DE snowmelt model; distributed applications; physically based model ID ENERGY AB A new mathematical solution to the problem of water flow through snow is presented and its implementation in a snowmelt model, SNAP, is discussed. An analytical solution for vertical water flow through homogeneous snow is developed and formulae that allow the solution to accommodate time-varying surface input from rain or snowmelt are derived. This facilitates use of the technique in a computer snowmelt model. Because the new technique requires no matrix computation, it is sufficiently computationally efficient to be a candidate for use in watershed-scale, distributed forecasting systems. Because it is a physically based model that takes into account the effect of the snow itself on the timing and magnitude of outflow, the model allows more accurate prediction of the magnitude and timing of snowmelt than in currently employed operational models. Results of the new model agree well with previous theoretical solutions and with field measurements of melt and rain-on-snow events in a seasonal snow pack. (C) 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Albert, M (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. OI Albert, Mary/0000-0001-7842-2359 NR 20 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 5 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 0885-6087 J9 HYDROL PROCESS JI Hydrol. Process. PD AUG-SEP PY 1998 VL 12 IS 10-11 BP 1809 EP 1824 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1085(199808/09)12:10/11<1809::AID-HYP696>3.3.CO;2-X PG 16 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA 116TF UT WOS:000075740100020 ER PT J AU Ghosh, S Razouqi, Q Schumacher, HJ Celmins, A AF Ghosh, S Razouqi, Q Schumacher, HJ Celmins, A TI A survey of recent advances in fuzzy logic in telecommunications networks and new challenges SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON FUZZY SYSTEMS LA English DT Letter DE challenges; fuzzy logic; hardware; survey; telecommunications networks ID PATTERN-RECOGNITION; ATM NETWORKS; DESIGN AB Fuzzy logic has been successfully deployed in many real-world automatic control systems including subway systems, autofocus cameras, washing machines, automobile transmissions, air-conditioners, industrial robots, aerospace, and autonomous robot navigation. In contrast, the use of fuzzy logic in telecommunication systems and networks is recent and limited. Fundamentally, Zadeh's fuzzy set theory provides a robust mathematical framework for dealing with "real-world" imprecision and nonstatistical uncertainty. Given that the present day complex networks are dynamic, that there is great uncertainty associated with the input traffic and other environmental parameters, that they are subject to unexpected overloads, failures and perturbations, and that they defy accurate analytical modeling, fuzzy logic appears to be a promising approach to address many important aspects of networks. This paper reviews the current research efforts in fuzzy logic-based approaches to queuing, buffer management, distributed access control, load management, routing, call acceptance, policing, congestion mitigation, bandwidth allocation, channel assignment, network management, and quantitative performance evaluation in networks. The review underscores the future potential and promise of fuzzy logic in networks. The paper then presents a list of key research efforts in the areas of fuzzy logic-based algorithms and new hardware and software architectures that are necessary both to address new challenges in networking and to help realize the full potential of fuzzy logic in networks. C1 Arizona State Univ, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Networking & Distributed Algorithms Lab, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Ghosh, S (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Networking & Distributed Algorithms Lab, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. NR 46 TC 53 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 12 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 1063-6706 J9 IEEE T FUZZY SYST JI IEEE Trans. Fuzzy Syst. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 6 IS 3 BP 443 EP 447 DI 10.1109/91.705512 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA 108UY UT WOS:000075285100013 ER PT J AU Chellappa, R Fukushima, K Katsaggelos, BK Kung, SY LeCun, Y Nasrabadi, NM Poggio, TA AF Chellappa, R Fukushima, K Katsaggelos, BK Kung, SY LeCun, Y Nasrabadi, NM Poggio, TA TI Applications of artificial neural networks to image processing SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON IMAGE PROCESSING LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Osaka Univ, Osaka, Japan. Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. AT&T Labs Res, Holmdel, NJ USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Chellappa, R (reprint author), Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 1057-7149 J9 IEEE T IMAGE PROCESS JI IEEE Trans. Image Process. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 7 IS 8 BP 1093 EP 1096 DI 10.1109/TIP.1998.704303 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA 101KN UT WOS:000074868300001 ER PT J AU Wang, LC Der, SZ Nasrabadi, NM AF Wang, LC Der, SZ Nasrabadi, NM TI Automatic target recognition using a feature-decomposition and data-decomposition modular neural network SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON IMAGE PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE automatic target recognition; forward-looking infrared; neural networks; object recognition AB A modular neural network classifier has been applied to the problem of automatic target recognition using forward-looking infrared (FLIR) imagery. The classifier consists of several independently trained neural networks. Each neural network makes a decision based on local features extracted from a specific portion of a target image, The classification decisions of the individual networks are combined to determine the final classification, Experiments show that decomposition of the input features results in performance superior to a fully connected network in terms of both network complexity and probability of classification. Performance of the classifier is further improved by the use of multiresolution features and by the introduction of a higher level neural network on the top of the individual networks. a method known as stacked generalization, In addition to feature decomposition, we implemented a data decomposition classifier network and demonstrated improved performance. Experimental results are reported on a large set of real FLIR images, C1 SONY Semicond Co Amer, San Jose, CA 95134 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Wang, LC (reprint author), SONY Semicond Co Amer, San Jose, CA 95134 USA. EM lwang@ssa-de.sel.sony.com; sder@arl.mil NR 9 TC 43 Z9 48 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 1057-7149 J9 IEEE T IMAGE PROCESS JI IEEE Trans. Image Process. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 7 IS 8 BP 1113 EP 1121 DI 10.1109/83.704305 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA 101KN UT WOS:000074868300003 PM 18276328 ER PT J AU Phillips, PJ AF Phillips, PJ TI Matching pursuit filters applied to face identification SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON IMAGE PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE face recognition; projection pursuit; wavelets ID PROJECTION PURSUIT; NEURAL NETWORKS; RECOGNITION; ARCHITECTURE AB We present a face identification algorithm that automatically processes are unknown image by locating and identifying the face. The heart of the algorithm is the use of pursuit Biters. A matching pursuit Biter is an adapted wavelet expansion, where the expansion is adapted to both the data and the pattern recognition problem being addressed. For identification, the filters find the features that differentiate among faces, whereas, for detection, the Biters encode the similarities among bees, The Biters are designed though a simultaneous decomposition a of training set into a two-dimensional (2-D) wavelet expansion. This yields a representation that is explicitly 2-D and encodes information locally. The algorithm uses coarse to fine processing to locate a small set of key facial features, which are restricted to the nose and eye regions of the face, The result is an algorithm that is robust to variations in facial expression, hair style, and the surrounding environment. Based on the locations of the facial features, the identification module searches the data base for the identity of the unknown face using matching pursuit filters to make the identification. The algorithm was demonstrated oil three sets of images, The first set was images from the FERET data base. The second set was infrared and visible images of the same people. This demonstration was done to compare performance on infrared and visible images individually, and on fusing the results from both modalities. The third set was mugshot data from a law enforcement application. C1 USA, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Phillips, PJ (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. NR 37 TC 79 Z9 81 U1 0 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 1057-7149 J9 IEEE T IMAGE PROCESS JI IEEE Trans. Image Process. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 7 IS 8 BP 1150 EP 1164 DI 10.1109/83.704308 PG 15 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA 101KN UT WOS:000074868300006 PM 18276331 ER PT J AU Wang, LC Rizvi, SA Nasrabadi, NM AF Wang, LC Rizvi, SA Nasrabadi, NM TI A modular neural network vector predictor for predictive image coding SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON IMAGE PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE mixture of experts; modular vector prediction; neural networks; predictive vector quantization AB In this paper, we present a modular neural network vector predictor that improves the predictive component of a predictive vector quantization (PVQ) scheme. The proposed vector prediction technique consists of five dedicated predictors (experts), where each expert predictor is optimized for a particular class of input vectors. An input vector is classified into one of five classes, based on its directional variances. One expert predictor is optimized for stationary blocks, and each of the other four expert predictors are optimized to predict horizontal, vertical, 45 degrees, and 135 degrees diagonally oriented edge-blocks, respectively. An integrating unit is then used to select or combine the outputs of the experts in order to form the final output Of the modular network, Therefore, no side information is transmitted to the receiver about the selected predictor or the integration of the predictors. Experimental results show that the proposed scheme gives an improvement of 1.7 dB over a single multilayer perceptron on (MLP) predictor, Furthermore, if the information about the predictor selection is sent to the receiver, the improvement could bit up to 3 dB over a single MLP predictor. The perceptual quality of the predicted images is also significantly improved. C1 SONY Semicond Co Amer, San Jose, CA 95134 USA. CUNY Coll Staten Isl, Dept Appl Sci, Staten Isl, NY 10314 USA. USA, Res Labs, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Wang, LC (reprint author), SONY Semicond Co Amer, San Jose, CA 95134 USA. EM lwang@ssa-de.srl.sony.com NR 19 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 1057-7149 J9 IEEE T IMAGE PROCESS JI IEEE Trans. Image Process. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 7 IS 8 BP 1198 EP 1217 DI 10.1109/83.704311 PG 20 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA 101KN UT WOS:000074868300009 PM 18276333 ER PT J AU Karwacki, CJ Morrison, RW AF Karwacki, CJ Morrison, RW TI Adsorptive retention of volatile vapors for nondestructive filter leak testing SO INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID BPL ACTIVATED CARBON; WATER; COADSORPTION AB Experimental equilibrium and breakthrough data are reported for the adsorption of 14 vapors on activated and impregnated carbons to demonstrate their effectiveness as tracers in filter leak measurements. Particular attention is given to the effect of adsorbed water and vapor solubility on breakthrough time. Measured adsorption isotherms are shown to approximate the order of retention in the dynamic mode, indicating that breakthrough is equilibrium-controlled. Breakthrough time is significantly affected by the amount of adsorbed water, limiting the use of higher vapor pressure tracers to adsorbents with low water loadings. On adsorbents with less than 0.025 g/g of water, the order of retention of the higher vapor pressure tracers is HFC-236fa > HFC-227ea > HFC-245cb > C-318 > CFC-12 > HFC-134a. With water loadings up to 0.38 g/g, the retention is improved significantly with lower vapor pressure tracers. The order of retention is 2-propanol > ethanol > methyl acetate > methyl nonafluorobutyl ether > HFC-4310mee > perfluorodimethylcyclobutane > CFC-11 > ammonia. Although adsorbed water reduces the breakthrough time, it is shown that the relative retention is improved by an increase in the vapor's solubility. The increase in retention correlates with the number of hydrogen atoms and inversely with the number of fluorine atoms on the adsorbate. C1 USA, Edgewood Res Dev & Engn Ctr, SCBRD RTE, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Karwacki, CJ (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Res Dev & Engn Ctr, SCBRD RTE, E3549, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM cjkarwac@cbdcom.apgea.army.mil NR 29 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0888-5885 J9 IND ENG CHEM RES JI Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 37 IS 8 BP 3470 EP 3480 DI 10.1021/ie970413h PG 11 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 107MU UT WOS:000075213700068 ER PT J AU Fernandez-Prada, C Tall, BD Elliott, SE Hoover, DL Nataro, JP Venkatesan, MM AF Fernandez-Prada, C Tall, BD Elliott, SE Hoover, DL Nataro, JP Venkatesan, MM TI Hemolysin-positive enteroaggregative and cell-detaching Escherichia coli strains cause oncosis of human monocyte-derived macrophages and apoptosis of murine J774 cells SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; INTESTINAL-MUCOSA; T-LYMPHOCYTES; ADHERENCE; PATTERNS; TOXIN; DEATH; BORDETELLA; DIARRHEA; CHILDREN AB Infection of human monocyte-derived macrophages (HMDM) and J774 cells (murine macrophage cell line) with several enteroaggregative and cytodetaching Escherichia coli (EAggEC and CDEC, respectively) strains demonstrated that some strains could induce macrophage cell death accompanied by release of lactate dehydrogenase activity and interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta) into culture supernatants. The mode of cell death differed in the two types of macrophages. Damage to macrophage plasma membrane integrity without changes in nuclear morphology resulted in cytolysis of HMDM. This mechanism of cell death has been previously described for virulent Shigella infection of HMDM and is termed oncosis. In contrast, infection of J774 tells by EAggEC and CDEC strains resulted in apoptosis. The presence of alpha-hemolysin (Hly) in EAggEC and CDEC strains appears to be critical for both oncosis in HMDM and apoptosis in J774 cells. Bacteria lacking Hly, including Hly(-) EAggEC strains as well as enterotoxigenic, enteropathogenic, and enterohemorrhagic E. coli strains, behaved like avirulent Shigella flexneri in that the macrophage monolayers were intact, with no release of lactate dehydrogenase activity or IL-1 beta into the culture supernatants. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Enter Infect, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. US FDA, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, Microbial Ecol Branch, Washington, DC 20204 USA. Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Ctr Vaccine Dev, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RP Venkatesan, MM (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Enter Infect, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Bldg 40,Room B020, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM dr._malabi_venkatesan@wrsmtp-ccmail.army.mil OI Tall, Ben/0000-0003-0399-3629 NR 45 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 66 IS 8 BP 3918 EP 3924 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 103TJ UT WOS:000074973700057 PM 9673280 ER PT J AU Sudkamp, T Hammell, RJ AF Sudkamp, T Hammell, RJ TI Scalability in fuzzy rule-based learning SO INFORMATION SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE fuzzy models; rule-based systems; learning algorithms; complexity AB Learning algorithms have been developed to construct fuzzy rule-based models from training data. The quality of the resulting model is affected by the decomposition of the input and output domains and by the number and precision of the training examples. This paper investigates the robustness of fuzzy models produced from training data. The objective is to analyze the effects of increasing complexity on the off-line performance of the learning algorithm and the on-line performance of the model, where the complexity is measured by the number of variables describing the problem domain and the number of rules in the model. A hierarchical model is proposed to reduce the complexity in high dimensional systems. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Wright State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Dayton, OH 45435 USA. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Wright State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Dayton, OH 45435 USA. EM tsudkamp@cs.wright.edu; rhammell@arl.mil NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0020-0255 EI 1872-6291 J9 INFORM SCIENCES JI Inf. Sci. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 109 IS 1-4 BP 135 EP 147 DI 10.1016/S0020-0255(98)00014-0 PG 13 WC Computer Science, Information Systems SC Computer Science GA ZZ603 UT WOS:000074746700008 ER PT J AU Shelby, KS Cui, L Webb, BA AF Shelby, KS Cui, L Webb, BA TI Polydnavirus-mediated inhibition of lysozyme gene expression and the antibacterial response SO INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Heliothis virescens; Campoletis sonorensis; immunodeficiency; lipopolysaccharide ID HELIOTHIS-VIRESCENS LARVAE; CELLULAR IMMUNE-RESPONSE; INSECT; HOST; SUPPRESSION; PROTEIN; DROSOPHILA; INDUCTION; HEMOLYMPH; WASP AB Parasitism of lepidopteran host larvae by hymenopteran parasitoids impairs the cellular immune response via expression of polydnavirus genes. Encapsulation of parasitoid eggs is thereby prevented. Parasitized insects are susceptible to opportunistic infections, suggesting that additional components of the immune system are affected, Insects normally respond to infection by inducing the synthesis of an array of antibacterial factors, including cecropins and lysozyme via a NF kappa B/I kappa B-like signal transduction pathway. To characterize the effects of PDVs on the antibacterial immune response, plasma antibacterial activities were assayed in H. virescens larvae infected with the C. sonorensis PDV, Plasma lysozyme activity in Heliothis virescens was reduced in parasitized and PDV-infected larvae after immune challenge. To examine the regulation of lysozyme after CsPDV injection, the Heliothis virescens lysozyme cDNA was cloned. In contrast to plasma lysozyme activity, the 1.1 kb lysozyme mRNA was induced in fat body and haemocytes by known elicitors. The data suggest that CsPDV, like some other viruses, regulates host cell gene expression at the level of translation. We propose that the immunodeficiencies caused by CsPDV injection are caused, in part, by the targeted translational inhibition of specific humoral immune response transcripts. C1 Univ Kentucky, Dept Entomol, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Webb, BA (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Entomol, Agr Sci N, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI 3314] NR 28 TC 58 Z9 61 U1 1 U2 3 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0962-1075 J9 INSECT MOL BIOL JI Insect Mol. Biol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 7 IS 3 BP 265 EP 272 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology GA ZV459 UT WOS:000074306700008 PM 9662476 ER PT J AU Colston, JT Valdes, JJ Chambers, JP AF Colston, JT Valdes, JJ Chambers, JP TI Ca2+ channel alpha(1)-subunit transcripts are differentially expressed in rat pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells following nerve growth factor treatment SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE PC12 cell; growth factor; calcium channel; mRNA expression ID CALCIUM-CHANNEL; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; C-FOS; FUNCTIONAL EXPRESSION; CLONAL LINE; RECEPTOR; IDENTIFICATION; ACTIVATION; SUBUNIT; NEURONS AB In this report, we describe the effect of nerve growth factor (SCF) on the transcriptional expression of voltage-dependent Ca2+ channel alpha(1) subunits, i.e., alpha(1A), alpha(1B), alpha(1C), alpha(1D), and alpha(1E) in rat pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells. Using reverse transcriptase-coupled polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and class-specific Ca2+ channel oligonucleotide probes, messenger RNA levels were measured and compared to Histone H3.3 transcript which remained relatively constant over the duration of NGF treatment. Although no statistically significant differences in P-type (alpha(1A)) Ca2+ channel transcript levels were observed, N-type (alpha(1B)) Ca2+ channel transcript levels increased 50% over control values (P values < 0.05) at days 7 and 14. In contrast, NGF treatment resulted in decreased levels of L-type (alpha(1C) and alpha(1D)) transcripts with alpha(1C) decreasing steadily to similar to 50% of control (P value < 0.01) by 2 weeks, while alpha(1D) decreased to similar to 20% of control (P value < 0.01) after 2 days treatment, No alpha(1E) Ca2+ channel transcripts were detected in PC12 cells, For comparison, PC12 cells were also treated with another differentiative growth factor, i.e., basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and a nondifferentiative growth factor epidermal growth factor (EGF). In contrast to NGF, bFGF and EGF treatment had no inhibitory effect on L-type (alpha(1C) and alpha(1D)) channel transcript levels after 3 days, Like NGF, EGF treatment had no statistically significant effect upon P-type (alpha(1A)) transcript levels but increased in a biphasic manner following bFGF treatment. Presynaptic-associated alpha(1B) (N-type) Ca2+ channel transcripts were observed decreased following EGF treatment (2 days) while L-type alpha(1C) transcripts decreased after 7 days (P value < 0.01). Although a varied response to differentiative growth Factors NGF and bFGF was observed, data presented here indicate that NGF treatment of PC12 cells results in 'late' increased expression of N-type Ca2+ channel transcripts, while L-type (alpha(1C) and alpha(1D)) Ca2+ channel transcripts appear to be down regulated. (C) 1998 ISDN, Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Univ Texas, Div Life Sci, Brain Res Lab Biochem, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA. USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Res & Technol Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Chambers, JP (reprint author), Univ Texas, Div Life Sci, Brain Res Lab Biochem, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM08194] NR 40 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0736-5748 J9 INT J DEV NEUROSCI JI Int. J. Dev. Neurosci. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 16 IS 5 BP 379 EP 389 DI 10.1016/S0736-5748(98)00036-7 PG 11 WC Developmental Biology; Neurosciences SC Developmental Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 139HU UT WOS:000077023100008 PM 9829174 ER PT J AU Erickson, AR Enzenauer, RJ Bray, VJ West, SG AF Erickson, AR Enzenauer, RJ Bray, VJ West, SG TI Musculoskeletal complaints in persian Gulf War Veterans SO JCR-JOURNAL OF CLINICAL RHEUMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Persian Gulf; arthritis; war ID DESERT-STORM; FIBROMYALGIA AB Musculoskeletal complaints are common in patients who are being evaluated for the "Gulf War Syndrome." The objective of this study was to describe these musculoskeletal complaints, laboratory findings, and diagnoses in patients referred for the standardized Department of Defense Comprehensive Clinical Evaluation Program. This study was conducted prospectively and completed at a military medical center. Any military health care beneficiary who served in the Persian Gulf was eligible for evaluation. One thousand one hundred fifty patients were evaluated, and of these, 18% were referred to a rheumatologist for evaluation of musculoskeletal complaints. Most patients complained of polyarthalgias, knee pain, and/or back pain. The most common diagnoses were patellofemoral pain syndrome, bursitis, tendonitis, and nonspecific low back pain. Thirtyseven patients (18%) had fibromyalgia, and 8 patients had an inflammatory arthritis. Extensive laboratory testing was not specific for any diagnosis. Fourteen percent of the cohort had a normal evaluation and were not given a diagnosis to explain their symptoms. In our cohort, musculoskeletal complaints were common, with the majority being non-inflammatory. We recommend that these patients be evaluated with a thorough history and physical examination, placing emphasis on occupational or daily activities that may lead to overuse syndromes or soft tissue rheumatism. Laboratory and radiologic procedures should focus on items identified in the history and physical examination and be used to answer specific clinical questions. C1 Fitzsimons Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Rheumatol Serv, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. RP Erickson, AR (reprint author), Dwight D Eisenhower Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Rheumatol, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. NR 20 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1076-1608 J9 JCR-J CLIN RHEUMATOL JI JCR-J. Clin. Rheumatol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 4 IS 4 BP 181 EP 185 DI 10.1097/00124743-199808000-00005 PG 5 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 115ZT UT WOS:000075697000005 PM 19078288 ER PT J AU Shorr, AF Murphy, FT Kelly, WF Kaplan, KT Gilliland, WR Shapeero, LG AF Shorr, AF Murphy, FT Kelly, WF Kaplan, KT Gilliland, WR Shapeero, LG TI Osseous sarcoidosis clinical, radiographic, and therapeutic observations SO JCR-JOURNAL OF CLINICAL RHEUMATOLOGY LA English DT Review DE sarcoidosis; angiotensin converting enzyme; bone; osseous; diagnosis; therapy ID LOW-DOSE METHOTREXATE; CALCIUM-METABOLISM; VITAMIN-D; HYDROXYCHLOROQUINE AB Sarcoidosis is a systemic inflammatory disease of unknown etiology characterized by abnormal T cell function. Osseous involvement is found in approximately 5% of patients with sarcoidosis. Although sarcoidosis predominantly affects the small bones, it may involve other parts of either the axial or appendicular skeleton. Patients with osseous sarcoidosis are often asymptomatic, which frequently makes diagnosis difficult. Radiographic findings may be suggestive of focal bone involvement requiring bone scintigraphy and or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to exclude other important clinical concerns. We present two histopathologically confirmed cases of osseous sarcoidosis that underscore the heterogeneous presentation of bone involvement and highlight potential relationships to markers of disease activity including the erythrocyte sedimentation rate and serum angiotensin converting enzyme level. In these cases, plain radiographs identified focal symptomatic changes suggestive of osseous disease; bone scintigraphy identified the extent of osseous involvement; and MRI quantified the degree of soft tissue, articular, and osseous inflammation. Treatment of osseous sarcoidosis remains problematic because there are few prospective studies to guide clinicians. Corticosteroids, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, hydroxychloroquine, cyclosporine A, and methotrexate have all been used in extra-pulmonary sarcoidosis with varying success. In our experience, concomitant therapy with indomethacin and hydroxychloroquine was effective in treating both pain and dactylitis in patients with osseous sarcoidosis. The effect these agents have on actual bone infiltration in osseous sarcoidosis is not known. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Pulm & Crit Care Serv, Div Pulm, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Crit Care Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Rheumatol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Shorr, AF (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Pulm & Crit Care Serv, Div Pulm, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 32 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1076-1608 J9 JCR-J CLIN RHEUMATOL JI JCR-J. Clin. Rheumatol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 4 IS 4 BP 186 EP 192 DI 10.1097/00124743-199808000-00006 PG 7 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 115ZT UT WOS:000075697000007 PM 19078289 ER PT J AU Enzenauer, RJ Root, S AF Enzenauer, RJ Root, S TI Arthropathy and celiac disease SO JCR-JOURNAL OF CLINICAL RHEUMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE celiac disease; endomysial antibodies; gliadin antibodies; arthropathy ID GLUTEN-SENSITIVE ENTEROPATHY; ARTHRITIS AB Arthritis in association with celiac disease (CD) was first reported, in 1982 (1) and initially considered rare, with only eight cases described by 1992 (2). Recent larger studies report arthritis in untreated CD in >25% of patients (3), with sacroiliitis reported in up to 63% of patients when evaluated by sensitive bone scintigraphy (2). Arthritis stems to be rare in CD patients treated with a gluten-free diet (4). Endomysial antibodies (EMA) and anti-gliadin antibodies (AGA) have been reported in up to 100% of CD patients presenting with arthritis (2); these uniformly resolve when treated with a gluten-free diet (4). The diagnosis of CD is confirmed by proximal small bowel biopsy showing uniformly flattened villous mucosa (5), which also normalizes with treatment with a gluten-free diet. We report a woman with arthralgias associated with a prolonged, unexplained diarrheal illness. EMA and AGA were positive, and CD was confirmed by small bowel biopsy after two previous nondiagnostic endoscopic evaluations. Joint pain and diarrhea promptly resolved, and EMA and AGA antibodies became negative with treatment with a gluten-free diet. Because 50% of patients with arthritis associated with CD may have no gastrointestinal symptoms (4), CD should be considered in any patient with a seronegative arthritis or arthralgias and especially with unexplained microcytic or macrocytic anemia (4), weight loss (4), or laboratory evidence of malabsorption (1, 4, 6, 7). Laboratory screening with EMA and AGA is often positive in untreated CD patients presenting with arthritis and should prompt gastroenterologic evaluation to confirm a diagnosis of CD. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Rheumatol Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Serv Gastroenterol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Enzenauer, RJ (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Rheumatol Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1076-1608 J9 JCR-J CLIN RHEUMATOL JI JCR-J. Clin. Rheumatol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 4 IS 4 BP 205 EP 208 DI 10.1097/00124743-199808000-00010 PG 4 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 115ZT UT WOS:000075697000011 PM 19078293 ER PT J AU Nopkesorn, T Mock, PA Mastro, TD Sangkharomya, S Sweat, M Limpakarnjanarat, K Laosakkitiboran, J Young, NL Morse, SA Schmid, S Weniger, BG AF Nopkesorn, T Mock, PA Mastro, TD Sangkharomya, S Sweat, M Limpakarnjanarat, K Laosakkitiboran, J Young, NL Morse, SA Schmid, S Weniger, BG TI HIV-1 subtype E incidence and sexually transmitted diseases in a cohort of military conscripts in northern Thailand SO JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES AND HUMAN RETROVIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE HIV-1 incidence; Thailand; Asia; sexual HIV transmission; sexually transmitted diseases; syphilis; herpes simplex virus; Haemophilus ducreyi; chancroid; prostitution; condom use; male-to-male sex ID YOUNG MEN; ENZYME-IMMUNOASSAY; HAEMOPHILUS-DUCREYI; RISK-FACTORS; CONDOM USE; INFECTION; TRANSMISSION; PROBABILITY; BEHAVIOR; EPIDEMIC AB Objectives: To determine the rate of and risk factors for HIV-1 seroconversion and describe sexually transmitted disease (STD) prevalence rates for young men in northern Thailand. Methods: Data were collected from self-administered questionnaires and serologic testing at enrollment In a prospective study in 1991 and at follow-up after 6, 17, and 23 months on a cohort of 1115 men selected by lottery for military conscription. Results: A total of 14 men seroconverted to HIV-I envelope subtype E. The overall HN-I incidence rate was 1.1 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.6-1.8) per 100 person-years (PY) of follow-up. However, the rate was 2.0/100 PY for conscripts from the upper northern subregion of Thailand compared with 0.5/100 PY from other regions (adjusted rate ratio [RR] = 2.69; 95% CI, 0.8-12.2). On multivariate analyses, the behavioral factors associated with HIV-I seroconversion were frequency of sex with female sex workers (FSWs; p =.04), receptive anal sex (adjusted RR = 6.73; 95% CI, 1.8-21.7), and large amount of alcohol consumption (adjusted RR = 3.12; 95% CI, 1.0-10.9). Genital ulceration was the STD most strongly associated with seroconversion. The prevalence of serologic reactivity to syphilis, Hsemophilus ducreyi, and herpes simplex virus type 2 increased with greater frequency of sex with FSWs and was generally higher for men from the upper north. Conclusions: Young men in northern Thailand are at high risk for HIV-1, primarily through sex with FSWs; and other STDs are highly associated with HIV-1 incidence. As HIV-I infection extends into the general population, intervention programs are needed to address the problem of sexual transmission apart from commercial sex venues. C1 Minist Publ Hlth, HIV AIDS Collaborat, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand. Royal Thai 3rd Army, Phitsanulok, Thailand. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. RP Mastro, TD (reprint author), Minist Publ Hlth, HIV AIDS Collaborat, DMS 6 Bldg,Tivanon Rd, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand. OI Weniger, Bruce/0000-0002-5450-5464 NR 27 TC 38 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1077-9450 J9 J ACQ IMMUN DEF SYND JI J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. Hum. Retrovirol. PD AUG 1 PY 1998 VL 18 IS 4 BP 372 EP 379 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 106HV UT WOS:000075124600009 PM 9704943 ER PT J AU Wu, WW Chadik, PA Davis, WM Powell, DH Delfino, JJ AF Wu, WW Chadik, PA Davis, WM Powell, DH Delfino, JJ TI Disinfection byproduct formation from the preparation of instant tea SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE disinfection byproducts; DBPs; chlorination; instant tea; tap water ID HUMIC SUBSTANCES; FULVIC-ACID; BY-PRODUCTS; CHLORINATION; WATER; BROMIDE AB Two instant tea samples formed as much DBPs as aquatic humic substances under the same reaction conditions, although the concentration of tea used for consumption typically is much higher than the concentration of humic substances in natural waters. At typical tea concentrations, substantial levels of TOX (164-196 mu g/L as chloride) were generated when chlorinated at 4 mg/L. The TOX formed exceeded the Swiss limit of 25 mu g/L as referenced by Fleischacker and Randtke (1983). Use of boiled water in preparation of instant tea is suggested if the residual free chlorine in the tap water is high. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Environm Engn Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. USA, Environm Lab, ESP, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Chem, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Chadik, PA (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Environm Engn Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. NR 33 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 46 IS 8 BP 3272 EP 3279 DI 10.1021/jf9801466 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 112DD UT WOS:000075478100062 ER PT J AU Walsh, ME Ranney, T AF Walsh, ME Ranney, T TI Determination of nitroaromatic, nitramine, and nitrate ester explosives in water using solid-phase extraction and gas chromatography electron capture detection: Comparison with high-performance liquid chromatography SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHIC SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID EFFLUENT C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Sci & Technol Corp, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Walsh, ME (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 25 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 6 U2 21 PU PRESTON PUBLICATIONS INC PI NILES PA 7800 MERRIMAC AVE PO BOX 48312, NILES, IL 60648 USA SN 0021-9665 J9 J CHROMATOGR SCI JI J. Chromatogr. Sci. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 36 IS 8 BP 406 EP 416 PG 11 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 107FH UT WOS:000075196200005 ER PT J AU Higgins, JA Ezzell, J Hinnebusch, BJ Shipley, M Henchal, EA Ibrahim, MS AF Higgins, JA Ezzell, J Hinnebusch, BJ Shipley, M Henchal, EA Ibrahim, MS TI 5 ' nuclease PCR assay to detect Yersinia pestis SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; PLAGUE; IDENTIFICATION; PROBE; FLEAS AB The 5' nuclease PCR assay uses a fluorescently labeled oligonucleotide probe (TaqMan) to rapidly detect and quantitate DNA templates in clinical samples. We developed a 5' nuclease PCR assay targeting the plasminogen activator gene (pla) of Yersinia pestis. The assay is species specific, with a detection threshold of 2.1 x 10(5) copies of the pla target or 1.6 pg of total cell DNA. The assay detected Y. pestis in experimentally infected Xenopsylla cheopis fleas and in experimentally infected monkey blood and oropharyngeal swabs. The TaqMan assay is simple to perform and rapid and shows promise as a future field-adaptable technique. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Diagnost Syst Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NIAID, Rocky Mt Labs, Microbial Struct & Funct Lab, Hamilton, MT 59840 USA. RP Ibrahim, MS (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Diagnost Syst Div, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM sibrahim@detrick.army.mil NR 21 TC 70 Z9 76 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 36 IS 8 BP 2284 EP 2288 PG 5 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA ZZ359 UT WOS:000074721500023 PM 9666006 ER PT J AU Villalona-Calero, MA Baker, SD Hammond, L Aylesworth, C Eckhardt, SG Kraynak, M Fram, R Fischkoff, S Velagapudi, R Toppmeyer, D Razvillas, B Jakimowicz, K Van Hoff, DD Rowinsky, E AF Villalona-Calero, MA Baker, SD Hammond, L Aylesworth, C Eckhardt, SG Kraynak, M Fram, R Fischkoff, S Velagapudi, R Toppmeyer, D Razvillas, B Jakimowicz, K Van Hoff, DD Rowinsky, E TI Phase I and pharmacokinetic study of the water-soluble dolastatin 15 analog LU103793 in patients with advanced solid malignancies SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS; CELL-LINES; MARINE; MICROTUBULES; INHIBITION; TUBULIN; PEPTIDE AB Purpose: To determine the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD), dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs), and pharmacokinetic profile of the dolastatin 15 analog LU103793 when administered daily for 5 days every 3 weeks. Patients and Methods: Fifty-six courses of LU103793 at doses of 0.5 to 3.0 mg/m(2) were administered to 26 patients with advanced solid malignancies. Pharmacokinetic studies were performed on days 1 and 5 of course one. Pharmacokinetic variables were related to the principal toxicities. Results: Neutropenia, peripheral edema, and liver function rest abnormalities were dose-limiting at doses greater than 2.5 mg/m(2) per day. Four of six patients developed DLT at 3.0 mg/m(2) per day, whereas two of 12 patients treated at 2.5 mg/m(2) per day developed DLT, Pharmacokinetic parameters were independent of dose and similar on days 1 and 5. Volume of distribution at steady-state (V-ss) was 7.6 +/- 2.0 L/m(2), clearance 0.49 +/- 0.18 L/h/m(2), and elimination half-life (t(1/2)) 12.3 +/- 3.8 hours. Peak concentrations (C-max) on day 1 related to mean percentage decrement in neutrophils (sigmoid maximum effect (E-max) model). Patients who experienced dose-limiting neutropenia had significantly higher C-max values than patients who did not, whereas nonhematologic DLTs were more related to dose. Conclusion: The recommended dose for phase II evaluations of LU103793 daily for 5 days every 3 weeks is 2.5 mg/m(2) per day. The lack of prohibitive cardiovascular effects and the generally acceptable toxicity profile support the rationale for performing disease-directed evaluations of LU103793 on the schedule evaluated in this study J Clin Oncol 16:2770-2779. (C) 1998 by American Society of Clinical Oncology. C1 Canc Therapy & Res Ctr, Inst Drug Dev, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Canc Inst New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ USA. Knoll Pharmaceut Co, Parsippany, NJ USA. RP Villalona-Calero, MA (reprint author), Canc Therapy & Res Ctr, Inst Drug Dev, 8122 Datapoint Dr,Suite 650, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [MO1 RR01346] NR 19 TC 27 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0732-183X J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 16 IS 8 BP 2770 EP 2779 PG 10 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 107NT UT WOS:000075215900026 PM 9704730 ER PT J AU Feuerstein, I Leventhal, S Cho, K Brazaitis, M AF Feuerstein, I Leventhal, S Cho, K Brazaitis, M TI Demonstration of an automatic electronic radiology journal SO JOURNAL OF DIGITAL IMAGING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Computer-Applications-in-Radiology CY JUN 04-07, 1998 CL BALTIMORE, MARYLAND SP Soc Comp Applicat Radiol (SCAR), Amer Coll Radiol (ACR) C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Feuerstein, I (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, 3900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0897-1889 J9 J DIGIT IMAGING JI J. Digit. Imaging PD AUG PY 1998 VL 11 IS 3 SU 1 BP 204 EP 204 PG 1 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 111NH UT WOS:000075443600063 ER PT J AU Feuerstein, I Leventhal, S Cho, K Brazaitis, M AF Feuerstein, I Leventhal, S Cho, K Brazaitis, M TI Demonstration of an automatic radiology website application SO JOURNAL OF DIGITAL IMAGING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Computer-Applications-in-Radiology CY JUN 04-07, 1998 CL BALTIMORE, MARYLAND SP Soc Comp Applicat Radiol (SCAR), Amer Coll Radiol (ACR) C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Feuerstein, I (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, 3900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0897-1889 J9 J DIGIT IMAGING JI J. Digit. Imaging PD AUG PY 1998 VL 11 IS 3 SU 1 BP 205 EP 205 PG 1 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 111NH UT WOS:000075443600064 ER PT J AU de Bejar, LA Hall, RL AF de Bejar, LA Hall, RL TI Forces on edge-hinged panels in gradually varied flow SO JOURNAL OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article AB This paper describes a mathematical model leading to experimental analysis to estimate the hydraulic forces on a prototype edge-hinged panel (wicket gate) in gradually varied flow. The two-dimensional potential theory of hydrodynamics is used to model the effect of the mean water flow approaching a gate aperture controlled by a hydraulic wicket in a locks-and-dam system. The mean pressure against a typical wicket partially blocking the aperture is then modeled using conformal mapping. The elastic reaction at the supporting shaft of the gate is derived from equilibrium considerations. The effect of the fluctuations of the pressure field about the mean is obtained through an application of the theory of stationary random processes. The total design reaction at the shaft of the wicket is cast in a first-order second-moment format. The theoretical model is compared to experiments on a 1/25-scale physical model. The application of the model in hydraulic design of wicker gates is illustrated by means of a practical example. C1 USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP de Bejar, LA (reprint author), USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 USA SN 0733-9429 J9 J HYDRAUL ENG-ASCE JI J. Hydraul. Eng.-ASCE PD AUG PY 1998 VL 124 IS 8 BP 813 EP 821 PG 9 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Mechanical; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 102MV UT WOS:000074928800005 ER PT J AU Krakauer, T AF Krakauer, T TI Interleukin-8 production by human monocytic cells in response to staphylococcal exotoxins is direct and independent of interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID TOXIC-SHOCK-SYNDROME; SUPERANTIGENS; MICE AB Staphylococcal exotoxins have been implicated as major virulence factors responsible for toxic shock syndrome. To elucidate further the cellular mechanisms contributing to shock, human monocytic cells were stimulated with the staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome toxin-1, enterotoxin A, or enterotoxin B, and the production of the chemokine interleukin-8 (IL-8) was examined. All three exotoxins were potent inducers of IL-8. IL-8 induction occurred rapidly, within 2 h after stimulation, independent of IL-1 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha produced by these cells. This study suggests that IL-8 is one of the earliest mediators produced by monocytic cells in direct response to staphylococcal exotoxins. IL-8 may serve as the first proinflammatory signal for neutrophil recruitment to tissue and may contribute to staphylococcal superantigen-mediated shock and multiorgan failure characteristic of toxic shock. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Immunol & Mol Biol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Krakauer, T (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Immunol & Mol Biol, Bldg 1425, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 15 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5801 S ELLIS AVENUE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 178 IS 2 BP 573 EP 577 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 103JA UT WOS:000075153000042 PM 9697747 ER PT J AU McClean, W AF McClean, W TI Bah! Humbug! II - Reply SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter ID TINY-TIM C1 Royal Hist Soc, London, England. RP McClean, W (reprint author), Care of Callahan CW, Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, MCHK PE, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5801 S ELLIS AVENUE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 178 IS 2 BP 597 EP 597 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 103JA UT WOS:000075153000049 ER PT J AU Kausalya, S Nath, J AF Kausalya, S Nath, J TI Interactive role of nitric oxide and superoxide anion in neutrophil-mediated endothelial cell injury SO JOURNAL OF LEUKOCYTE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE leukocytes; endothelium; adhesion; cytotoxicity; inflammation ID TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR; VASCULAR ENDOTHELIUM; IMMUNE INTERFERON; HUMAN-LEUKOCYTES; L-ARGININE; CYTOKINES; RELEASE; ASSAY; PEROXYNITRITE; INTERLEUKIN-1 AB This study addresses the interactive role of nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI) by direct quantitation of NO and superoxide (O-2(-)) in human neutrophil (PMN)-endothelial cell (EC) co-culture during PMN-mediated EC injury. The results directly demonstrate an inverse correlation between NO and ROI levels in PMN-EC co-culture, which significantly alters the PMN-EC adhesion and PMN-mediated EC killing. N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLF)-stimulated PMN adhesion to cytokine-treated ED was decreased (> 25%) in the presence of S-nitroso-N-penicillamine, a NO donor. NO also inhibited EC killing by stimulated PMN,suggesting its cytoprotective role. In addition, a significant decrease in NO levels was observed in the PMN-EC co-culture compared with the EC cultured alone (422.45 +/- 35.76 vs. 800.79 +/- 41.69 pmol). The reduced NO levels were restored by the addition of superoxide dismutase, a scavenger of O-2(-), suggesting that PMN-derived O-2(-) is involved in the neutralization of NO in the co-culture. The results indicate an inverse correlation between NO and O-2(-) in PMN-EC interactions and suggest the need for a critical balance between these two radicals in the regulation of PMN-mediated tissue injury. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Resp Res, Div Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Nath, J (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Resp Res, Div Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 41 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0741-5400 J9 J LEUKOCYTE BIOL JI J. Leukoc. Biol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 64 IS 2 BP 185 EP 191 PG 7 WC Cell Biology; Hematology; Immunology SC Cell Biology; Hematology; Immunology GA 106CB UT WOS:000075111200007 PM 9715257 ER PT J AU Kuo, CY Rollings, RS Lynch, LN AF Kuo, CY Rollings, RS Lynch, LN TI Morphological study of coarse aggregates using image analysis SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS IN CIVIL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article AB A newly developed digital image-analysis method was used to characterize the morphological characteristics of coarse aggregates. Regression analyses found that the imaging morphological characteristics of coarse aggregates correlated well with results of other indirect characterization tests such as the test method for index of particle shape and texture (ASTM D 3398); the test method for uncompacted void content of coarse aggregate as influenced by particle shape, surface texture, and grading (modified ASTM C 1252); and the test method for unit weight and voids in aggregate test (ASTM C 29). The imaging morphological characteristics of coarse aggregates also correlated well to the effects of coarse-aggregate properties on hot-mix asphalt concrete mixtures. This research offers a new approach for evaluating coarse-aggregate characteristics of asphalt-concrete mixtures and demonstrates use of an emerging technology for pavement engineering. C1 Univ Akron, Dept Civil Engn, Akron, OH 44325 USA. USA, Engr Wtrwy Expt Stn, Geotech Lab, Airfields & Pavements Div, Vicksburg, MS USA. RP Kuo, CY (reprint author), Univ Akron, Dept Civil Engn, Akron, OH 44325 USA. NR 11 TC 24 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 4 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 USA SN 0899-1561 J9 J MATER CIVIL ENG JI J. Mater. Civ. Eng. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 10 IS 3 BP 135 EP 142 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0899-1561(1998)10:3(135) PG 8 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering; Materials Science GA 102VL UT WOS:000074946100003 ER PT J AU Hwang, I Balingit, AG Georgitis, WJ Sisson, JC Shapiro, B AF Hwang, I Balingit, AG Georgitis, WJ Sisson, JC Shapiro, B TI Adrenocortical SPECT using iodine-131 NP-59 SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE primary aldosteronism; b-beta-iodomethyl-19-norcholesterol; SPECT ID PRIMARY ALDOSTERONISM; SCINTIGRAPHIC LOCALIZATION AB Adrenal scintigraphy with I-131-labeled 6-beta-iodomethyl-19-norcholesterol (NP-59) is a technically demanding and complex procedure, However, it can provide crucial and unique information about the functional status of the adrenal glands and guide the appropriate therapeutic management of patients with biochemically proven disease. Since the introduction of this new investigational drug, scintigraphic imaging has been performed using conventional planar techniques. We present an interesting case of primary aldosteronism in which planar scintigraphy and SPECT were combined in an attempt to increase the sensitivity of the study, SPECT revealed scintigraphic evidence of bilateral adrenocortical hyperplasia, Interestingly, the CT scan of this patient showed only an equivocal abnormality in the left adrenal gland, suggestive of an adenoma. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Nucl Med Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Endocrine & Metab Dis Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Michigan, Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Div Nucl Med, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Balingit, AG (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Nucl Med Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 17 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC NUCLEAR MEDICINE INC PI RESTON PA 1850 SAMUEL MORSE DR, RESTON, VA 20190-5316 USA SN 0161-5505 J9 J NUCL MED JI J. Nucl. Med. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 39 IS 8 BP 1460 EP 1463 PG 4 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 108FG UT WOS:000075254900037 PM 9708530 ER PT J AU Bagby, SK Rutherford, FC Gleason-Jordan, IO AF Bagby, SK Rutherford, FC Gleason-Jordan, IO TI Solid-type gastrointestinal epithelial choristoma of the tongue: Report of a case SO JOURNAL OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY LA English DT Article ID ORAL CAVITY C1 Martin Luther King Jr Charles R Drew Med Ctr, Dept Oral & Maxillofacial Surg, Los Angeles, CA USA. Martin Luther King Jr Charles R Drew Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Bagby, SK (reprint author), USA, Oral & Maxillofacial Surg Serv, Dent Act, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0278-2391 J9 J ORAL MAXIL SURG JI J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 56 IS 8 BP 988 EP 990 DI 10.1016/S0278-2391(98)90664-4 PG 3 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 109BM UT WOS:000075301400019 PM 9710196 ER PT J AU Walsworth, M Schneider, R Schultz, J Dahl, C Allison, S Underwood, F Freund, J AF Walsworth, M Schneider, R Schultz, J Dahl, C Allison, S Underwood, F Freund, J TI Prediction of 10 repetition maximum for short-arc quadriceps exercise from hand-held dynamometer and anthropometric measurements SO JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC & SPORTS PHYSICAL THERAPY LA English DT Article DE knee; muscle strength; prediction ID MUSCLE; STRENGTH; TORQUE; FORCE; RELIABILITY AB Short-arc quadriceps exercises are commonly prescribed in physical therapy for strengthening knee extensor musculature. Determining the appropriate starting resistance has traditionally been a trial-and-error procedure. Therefore developing an expedient method of estimating the correct starting resistance may lead to a more accurate exercise prescription. The primary purpose of this study was to establish a technique for predicting an individual's 10 repetition maximum (10 RM) based on hand-held dynamometer (HHD) strength recording and additional anthropometric predictor variables. Fifty healthy subjects (31 males and 19 females), aged 22-53 years, participated in the study. A prediction equation for determining 10 RM using HHD strength recording, weight, gender, and age was developed. By implementing this equation, clinicians can predict a normal, healthy, young to middle-aged adult's 10 RM within +/- 4.17 kg with a 95% confidence level (SEE = 2.13 kg). C1 Kenner Army Hlth Clin, Phys Therapy Dept, Ft Lee, VA 23801 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. Fed Med Ctr, Ft Worth, TX USA. William Beaumont Army Med Ctr, Ft Bliss, TX USA. Acad Hlth Sci, US Army Baylor Univ Grad Program Phys Therapy, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. Univ Evansville, Evansville, IN USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Walsworth, M (reprint author), Kenner Army Hlth Clin, Phys Therapy Dept, 700 24th St, Ft Lee, VA 23801 USA. NR 29 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0190-6011 J9 J ORTHOP SPORT PHYS JI J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 28 IS 2 BP 97 EP 104 PG 8 WC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA 106YQ UT WOS:000075179400005 PM 9699159 ER PT J AU Dubey, JP Bwangamoi, O Courtney, SP Fritz, DL AF Dubey, JP Bwangamoi, O Courtney, SP Fritz, DL TI Leishmania-like protozoan associated with dermatitis in cattle SO JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article AB A Leishmania sp.-like organism was found in the skin of a naturally infected g-mo-old Red Dane female calf (Bos taurus) from Zimbabwe. There were multiple alopecic nodules, particularly on the face and udder. The nodules were up to 5 cm in diameter and larger ones were ulcerated and hemorrhagic. Numerous Leishmania-like amastigotes were seen in the skin lesions. Ultrastructurally, the organisms were oval to elongated (2-2.5 mu m long), had a nucleus, a kinetoplast, and a flagellum. To our knowledge, this is the first report of Leishmania-like organisms found in an animal from Zimbabwe. C1 USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Inst Livestock & Poultry Sci, Parasitol Biol & Epidemiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. Univ Zimbabwe, Dept Paraclin Vet Studies, Harare, Zimbabwe. USA, Div Pathol, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21700 USA. RP Dubey, JP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Inst Livestock & Poultry Sci, Parasitol Biol & Epidemiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 4 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC PARASITOLOGISTS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0022-3395 J9 J PARASITOL JI J. Parasitol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 84 IS 4 BP 865 EP 867 DI 10.2307/3284607 PG 3 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 109PG UT WOS:000075331200038 PM 9714228 ER PT J AU Biernat, M Crandall, CS Young, LV Kobrynowicz, D Halpin, SM AF Biernat, M Crandall, CS Young, LV Kobrynowicz, D Halpin, SM TI All that you can be: Stereotyping of self and others in a military context SO JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SOCIAL COMPARISONS; GENDER; SEX; JUDGMENTS; LEADERS; ENTITLEMENT; SATISFACTION; METAANALYSIS; CONSENSUS; STANDARDS AB The authors tested the shifting standards model (M. Biernat, M. Manis, & T. E. Nelson, 1991) as it applies to sex- and race-based stereotyping of self and others in the military. U.S. Army officers attending a leadership training course made judgments of their own and their groupmates' leadership competence at 3 time points over a 9-week period. We examined the effects of officer sex and race on both subjective (rating) and objective/common-rule (ranking/Q-sort) evaluations. Stereotyping generally increased with time, and in accordance with the shifting standards model, pro-male judgment bias was more evident in rankings than in ratings, particularly for White targets. Self-judgments were also affected by sex-based shifting standards, particularly in workgroups containing a single (''solo'') woman. Differential standard use on the basis of race was less apparent, a finding attributed to the Army's explicit invocation against the use of differential race-based standards. C1 Univ Kansas, Dept Psychol, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Behav Sci & Leadership, W Point, NY USA. USA, Res Inst Behav & Social Sci, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Biernat, M (reprint author), Univ Kansas, Dept Psychol, 426 Fraser Hall, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. EM biernat@ukans.edu OI Biernat, Monica/0000-0003-1593-7050 FU NIMH NIH HHS [R29MH48844] NR 85 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 0022-3514 J9 J PERS SOC PSYCHOL JI J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 75 IS 2 BP 301 EP 317 DI 10.1037/0022-3514.75.2.301 PG 17 WC Psychology, Social SC Psychology GA 115DN UT WOS:000075648400001 PM 9731310 ER PT J AU Lind, CA Boris, JP Oran, ES Mitchell, WJ Wilcox, JL AF Lind, CA Boris, JP Oran, ES Mitchell, WJ Wilcox, JL TI The response of a partially confined detonation facility to blast loading SO JOURNAL OF PRESSURE VESSEL TECHNOLOGY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference of the American-Society-of-Mechanical-Engineers CY JUL 27-31, 1997 CL ORLANDO, FL SP Amer Soc Mech Engineers AB It is estimated that more than 500,000 tons of obsolete and unwanted conventional weapons exist in the United Stares. The disposal of these unexploded ordnances, in an environmentally sound and cost-effective way, is of paramount importance. Open-air burning and open-air detonation (OB/OD) are two of the most widely used methods to dispose of these unwanted energetic materials. This paper describes our efforts to improve OB/OD operations through the design and testing of a new, large-scale, partially confined facility that minimizes the adverse affects of far-field noise and maximizes the afterburn of explosive by-products. Several designs were evaluated by a series of axisymmetric, time-dependent numerical simulations using FAST3D, a flux-corrected transport-based code optimized for parallel processing. The simulations are used to test various facility geometries and placements and sizes of charges to determine combinations that result in acceptable environmental impact. Comparisons of the pressure and structural analyses far 50 and 100 lb of spherically shaped RDX charges show that the 50-lb spherically shaped charge placed at a height of approximately 2.0 m resulted in an efficient detonation and maintained the structural integrity of the detonation facility. C1 USN, Computat Phys & Fluid Dynam Lab, Washington, DC 20372 USA. US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. USA, W Desert Test Ctr, Dugway, UT 84022 USA. RP USN, Computat Phys & Fluid Dynam Lab, Code 6440,B-97,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20372 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASME PI NEW YORK PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0094-9930 EI 1528-8978 J9 J PRESS VESS-T ASME JI J. Press. Vessel Technol.-Trans. ASME PD AUG PY 1998 VL 120 IS 3 BP 306 EP 312 DI 10.1115/1.2842062 PG 7 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 112TX UT WOS:000075511200015 ER PT J AU Lind, CA Boris, JP Oran, ES Mitchell, WJ Wilcox, JL AF Lind, CA Boris, JP Oran, ES Mitchell, WJ Wilcox, JL TI The effect of charge shape on partially confined detonations SO JOURNAL OF PRESSURE VESSEL TECHNOLOGY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference of the American-Society-of-Mechanical-Engineers CY JUL 27-31, 1997 CL ORLANDO, FL SP Amer Soc Mech Engineers AB More than 500,000 tons of obsolete and unwanted conventional weapons exist in the United States. The disposal of these unexploded ordnances, in an environmentally sound and cost-effective way, is of paramount importance. Different types of incinerators and detonation chambers have been proposed to eliminate these unwanted energetic materials. However, questions about the design of such facilities and the environmental consequences of their use must be answered. This paper describes numerical simulations of a large-scale partially confined detonation facility. Detonation facility designs were evaluated by a sei-ies of axisymmetric, time-dependent simulations using FAST3D, a numerical model based on flux-connected transport coupled to the virtual cell embedding algorithm for simulating complex geometries. The simulations assisted in determining the shape and size of the detonation charge mass that maintained the structural integrity of the facility. Comparisons of the pressure and structural analyses for spherically and cylindrically shaped RDX charges in a fired volume show that the 50-lb spherically shaped charge resulted in an efficient detonation and maintained the structural integrity of the detonation facility. C1 USN, Computat Phys & Fluid Dynam Lab, Washington, DC 20372 USA. US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. USA, W Desert Test Ctr, Dugway, UT 84022 USA. RP USN, Computat Phys & Fluid Dynam Lab, Code 6440,B-97,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20372 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASME PI NEW YORK PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0094-9930 EI 1528-8978 J9 J PRESS VESS-T ASME JI J. Press. Vessel Technol.-Trans. ASME PD AUG PY 1998 VL 120 IS 3 BP 313 EP 318 DI 10.1115/1.2842063 PG 6 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 112TX UT WOS:000075511200016 ER PT J AU Tavaf-Motamen, H Miner, TJ Starnes, BW Shea-Donohue, T AF Tavaf-Motamen, H Miner, TJ Starnes, BW Shea-Donohue, T TI Nitric oxide mediates acute lung injury by modulation of inflammation SO JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the Association-for-Academic-Surgery CY NOV 06-08, 1997 CL DALLAS, TEXAS SP Assoc Acad Surg DE acute lung injury; adult respiratory distress syndrome; bronchoalveolar lavage; capillary leak; inflammation; ischemia/reperfusion; nitric oxide; neutrophil; norepinephrine; pulmonary edema; and shock ID PULMONARY VASCULAR-PERMEABILITY; MICROVASCULAR LEAKAGE; ORGAN-FAILURE; SYNTHASE; EXPRESSION; PATHOGENESIS; REPERFUSION; DYSFUNCTION; INHIBITION; ISCHEMIA AB Nitric Oxide's (NO) function in vasomotor control, inflammation, and signal transduction makes it an attractive potential mediator of the capillary leak seen in acute lung injury. Despite extensive study, the role of NO in intestinal ischemia/reperfusion-induced capillary leak remains controversial, Rats were treated with vehicle, norepinephrine, or L-NNA (nitric oxide synthase inhibitor) and then underwent sham laparotomy or 30 min SMA occlusion followed by 1 to 12 h of reperfusion. Evan's Blue dye was administered 1 h before animals were euthanized. Ratios of bronchoalveolar lavage or small-intestine lavage to serum dye concentrations were calculated as measures of capillary leak. Circulating neutrophil activation was measured with a nitroblue tetrazolium reduction assay. In vehicle-treated animals, both capillary leakage and PMN activation peaked at 4 h of reperfusion. These parameters returned to baseline by 12 h, Treatment with L-NNA accelerated ischemia/reperfusion-induced PMN activation as well as accelerated capillary leak from 4 to 1 h, Treatment with norepinephrine (hypertensive control) increased the magnitude of lung capillary leak but had no effect on the timing of ischemia/reperfusion-induced PMN activation or ischemia/reperfusion-induced capillary leak. These data show that intestinal ischemia/reperfusion-induced systemic capillary leak is associated with systemic neutrophil activation, Nitric oxide synthase inhibition accelerates ischemia/reperfusion-induced capillary leak and mediates the capillary leak seen in acute lung injury by modulating neutrophil activation. (C) 1998 Academic Press. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Shea-Donohue, T (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Room A3060, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 36 TC 49 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-4804 J9 J SURG RES JI J. Surg. Res. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 78 IS 2 BP 137 EP 142 DI 10.1006/jsre.1998.5395 PG 6 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 117MN UT WOS:000075785400009 PM 9733631 ER PT J AU Dosso, SE Fallat, MR Sotirin, BJ Newton, JL AF Dosso, SE Fallat, MR Sotirin, BJ Newton, JL TI Array element localization for horizontal arrays via Occam's inversion SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID MATCHED-FIELD INVERSION; OCEAN-BOTTOM PROPERTIES AB Accurate locations for the individual elements of an acoustic sensor array are required for the application of advanced array processing methods. This paper develops a general method of localizing horizontal line array(HLA) elements which overcomes bandwidth constraints of low-frequency arrays and uncertainty in the experimental configuration. Array elements are localized for two HLA's associated with the Spinnaker Array, a three-dimensional sensor array located in the high Arctic. Recordings were made of imploding glass light bulbs deployed at a series of locations surrounding the array site. Implosion instants were not measured; hence, the data consist of relative travel times. In addition, the source locations were measured only approximately in the field, and are treated as unknown parameters. The inverse problem of determining hydrophone and source locations is nonunique and ill-conditioned. To determine the most physically meaningful solution, an iterative linearized inversion is developed which applies the method of regularization to include a priori information about the solution. Available a priori information includes source-location estimates from on-ice measurements, depth estimates for the array end points, and the expectation that each HLA is essentially linear. The inversion is formulated to jointly minimize the parameter-estimate residuals and the three-dimensional curvature of each HLA, subject to fitting the array element localization (AEL) data to a statistically appropriate level. Minimizing KLA curvature produces the simplest array shape that is consistent with the data: any deviations from a straight array are definitely required by the data, and are not artifacts of the inversion algorithm or starting model. (C) 1998 Acoustical Society of America. [S0001-4966(98)05107-8] C1 Univ Victoria, Sch Earth & Ocean Sci, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, Canada. USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Corps Engineers, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Polar Associates Inc, Goleta, CA 93117 USA. RP Dosso, SE (reprint author), Univ Victoria, Sch Earth & Ocean Sci, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, Canada. EM sdosso@uvic.ca NR 25 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 104 IS 2 BP 846 EP 859 DI 10.1121/1.423359 PN 1 PG 14 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 108FF UT WOS:000075254800028 ER PT J AU Sadler, BM Pham, T Sadler, LC AF Sadler, BM Pham, T Sadler, LC TI Optimal and wavelet-based shock wave detection and estimation SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID EDGE-DETECTION; LOCALIZATION AB Detection and estimation of aeroacoustic shock waves generated by supersonic projectiles are considered. The shock wave is an N-shaped acoustic wave emanating in the form of an acoustic cone trailing the projectile. An optimal detection/estimation scheme is considered based on a parametric signal plus white Gaussian noise model. To gain robustness and reduce complexity, we then focus on gradient estimators for shock wave edge detection, exploiting the very fast shock rise and fall times. The approach is cast in terms of a wavelet transform where the level of smoothing corresponds to scale. A multiscale analysis is described, consisting of multiscale products, to enhance edge detection and estimation. This method is effective and robust with respect to unknown environmental interference that will generally not exhibit singularities as sharp as the N-wave edges. Experimental results are presented for discriminating N waves in the presence of vehicle noise. Results are also shown, as a function of miss distance, for gradient-based detection of simulated small projectile shocks inserted into recorded tank noise. (C) 1998 Acoustical Society of America. [S0001-4966(98)03008-2]. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Sadler, BM (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 28 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 104 IS 2 BP 955 EP 963 DI 10.1121/1.423312 PN 1 PG 9 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 108FF UT WOS:000075254800040 ER PT J AU Grant, KW Summers, V Leek, MR AF Grant, KW Summers, V Leek, MR TI Modulation rate detection and discrimination by normal hearing and hearing-impaired listeners SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID TEMPORAL SPEECH INFORMATION; VOICELESS STOP CONSONANTS; AMPLITUDE ENVELOPE CUES; BROAD-BAND NOISE; FREQUENCY-SELECTIVITY; FUNDAMENTAL-FREQUENCY; SPECTRAL CONTRAST; RECOGNITION; IDENTIFICATION; INTELLIGIBILITY AB Modulation detection and modulation rate discrimination thresholds were obtained at three different modulation rates (f(m)=80, 160, and 320 Hz) and for three different ranges of modulation depths (m): full (100%), mid (70%-80%), and low (40%-60%) with both normal-hearing (NH) and hearing-impaired (HI) subjects. The results showed that modulation detection thresholds increased with modulation rate, but significantly more so for HI than for NH subjects. Similarly, rate discrimination thresholds (Delta r) increased with increases in f(m) and decreases in modulation depth. When compared to NH subjects, rate discrimination thresholds for HI subjects were significantly worse for all rates and for all depths. At the fastest modulation rate with less than 100% modulation depth, most HI subjects could not discriminate any change in rate. When valid thresholds for rate discrimination were obtained for HI subjects, they ranged from 2.5 semitones (Delta r=12.7 Hz, f(m)=80 Hz, m=100%) to 8.7 semitones (Delta r=214.5 Hz, f(m)=320 Hz, m=100%). In contrast, average rate discrimination thresholds for NH subjects ranged from 0.9 semitones (Delta r=4.2 Hz, f(m)=80 Hz, m=100%) to 4.7 semitones (Delta r=103.5 Hz, f(m)=320 Hz, m=60%). Some of the differences in temporal processing between NH and HI subjects, especially those related to modulation detection, may be accounted for by differences in signal audibility, especially for high-frequency portions of the modulated noise. However, in many cases, HI subjects encountered great difficulty discriminating a change in modulation rate even though the modulation components of the standard and test stimuli were detectable. [S0001 -4966(98)02208-5]. C1 USA, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Audiol & Speech Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Grant, KW (reprint author), USA, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Audiol & Speech Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. FU NIDCD NIH HHS [DC00626, DC00792] NR 58 TC 36 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 104 IS 2 BP 1051 EP 1060 DI 10.1121/1.423323 PN 1 PG 10 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 108FF UT WOS:000075254800049 PM 9714924 ER PT J AU Touart, DM Sau, P AF Touart, DM Sau, P TI Cutaneous deposition diseases. Part I SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Review ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS INFECTION; JUVENILE COLLOID MILIUM; CHRONIC-RENAL-FAILURE; AMYLOID-P COMPONENT; FAT TISSUE ASPIRATE; LIPOID PROTEINOSIS; SYSTEMIC AMYLOIDOSIS; MACULAR AMYLOIDOSIS; LICHEN AMYLOIDOSUS; ERYTHROPOIETIC PROTOPORPHYRIA AB The cutaneous deposition disorders are a group of unrelated conditions characterized by the presence of either endogenous or exogenous substances within the dermis or the subcutis. Part I of this two-part series will focus on metabolic processes involved in the endogenous deposition in the various forms of amyloidosis, porphyria, colloid milium, and lipoid proteinosis. We will also review the clinical, histologic, biochemical, and ultrastructural findings relevant to each disorder. Basic mechanisms of pathogenesis, diagnostic modalities, and treatment options are also discussed. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Dermatol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Touart, DM (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Dermatol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 155 TC 86 Z9 90 U1 1 U2 5 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 39 IS 2 BP 149 EP 171 DI 10.1016/S0190-9622(98)70069-6 PN 1 PG 23 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 106ZV UT WOS:000075182100001 PM 9704823 ER PT J AU Knapik, JJ Reynolds, K Barson, J AF Knapik, JJ Reynolds, K Barson, J TI Influence of an antiperspirant on foot blister incidence during cross-country hiking SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SKIN AB Background: Rubbing moist skin results in higher frictional forces than rubbing very dry skin. As friction increases, the probability of activity-related blisters also increases. Therefore reducing moisture may reduce blister incidence during physical activity. Objective: We examined whether an antiperspirant can reduce foot blisters during hiking. Methods: In a double-blind study, cadets attending the US Military Academy were separated into two groups that used either an antiperspirant (20% aluminum chloride hexahydrate in anhydrous ethyl alcohol) or placebo (anhydrous ethyl alcohol) preparation. Cadets were told to apply preparations to their feet for 5 consecutive nights. On day 6, cadets completed a 21-km hike, and their feet were examined for blisters before and after. Results: Because of dropouts, the final sample size was 667 cadets with 328 in the antiperspirant group and 339 in the placebo group. There was a high rate of noncompliance with the treatment schedule: Cadets used the preparations from 0 to 5 nights before the hike. For cadets using the preparations at least 3 nights before the hike (n = 269), the incidence of foot blisters was 21% for the antiperspirant group and 48% for the placebo group (P < 0.01). However, reports of skin irritation were 57% for the antiperspirant group and 6% for the placebo group (P < 0.01). Conclusion: A 20% solution of aluminum chloride hexahydrate in anhydrous ethyl alcohol may be effective in reducing foot blisters during hiking; however, the side effect of skin irritation should be considered and preventive measures studied to reduce this irritation. C1 USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Directorate Epidemiol & Dis Surveillance, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21040 USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Prevent Med Act, Ft Leonard Wood, MO USA. RP Knapik, JJ (reprint author), USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Directorate Epidemiol & Dis Surveillance, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21040 USA. NR 22 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 39 IS 2 BP 202 EP 206 DI 10.1016/S0190-9622(98)70075-1 PN 1 PG 5 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 106ZV UT WOS:000075182100007 PM 9704829 ER PT J AU Thompson, IM Flaherty, SF Morey, AF AF Thompson, IM Flaherty, SF Morey, AF TI Battlefield urologic injuries: The Gulf War experience SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF SURGEONS LA English DT Article AB Background: We sought to ascertain the incidence and type of urologic injuries requiring operations during the Gulf War. Study Design: Of the 31 United States urologic surgeons deployed to the Persian Gulf theater of operations, 11 responded to a survey concerning the type and frequency of urologic trauma surgical procedures. Results: The 11 urologic surgeons performed a total of 55 surgical procedures, 30 of which were for urologic injuries. Most injuries were due to fragmentation devices. Only 17% involved the kidney and none involved the ureter; 83% involved the pelvic organs and external genitalia. The majority of surgical procedures performed for these injuries were conservative (organ sparing). Anecdotal observations by the surgeons suggested that the use of the flak vest may have led to a shift away from abdominal injuries to injuries of the pelvis and genitalia. Conclusions: Urologic injuries in the Gulf War primarily involved the pelvis and genitalia and were frequently managed conservatively. The prevalence of fragmentation injuries and use of the flak vest may explain this observation. (J Am Coll Surg 1998;187:139-141. (C) 1998 by the American College of Surgeons) C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Urol Surg Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Trauma Surg Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Thompson, IM (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Urol Surg Serv, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 6 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1072-7515 J9 J AM COLL SURGEONS JI J. Am. Coll. Surg. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 187 IS 2 BP 139 EP 141 DI 10.1016/S1072-7515(98)00120-3 PG 3 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 107NR UT WOS:000075215800006 PM 9704958 ER PT J AU Teichman, JMH Vassar, GJ Glickman, RD Beserra, CM Cina, SJ Thompson, IM AF Teichman, JMH Vassar, GJ Glickman, RD Beserra, CM Cina, SJ Thompson, IM TI Holmium : YAG lithotripsy: Photothermal mechanism converts uric acid calculi to cyanide SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE holmium; lithotripsy, laser; uric acid, calculi ID LASER; INGESTION AB Purpose: Holmium:YAG lithotripsy fragments stones through a photothermal mechanism. Uric acid when heated is known to be converted into cyanide, We test the hypothesis that holmium: YAG lithotripsy of uric acid calculi produces cyanide. Materials and Methods: Human calculi of known uric acid composition were irradiated with holmium:YAG energy in water. Stones received a total holmium:YAG energy of 0 (control), 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0 or 1.25 kJ. The water in which lithotripsy was performed was analyzed for cyanide concentration. A graph was constructed to relate holmium:YAG energy to cyanide production. Results: Holmium:YAG lithotripsy of uric acid calculi in vitro produced cyanide consistently. Cyanide production correlated with total holmium:YAG energy (p <0.001). Conclusions: Holmium:YAG lithotripsy of uric acid calculi risks production of cyanide. This study raises significant safety issues. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Urol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Ophthalmol, San Antonio, TX USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Off Epidemiol & Toxicol, Brooks AFB, TX USA. RP Teichman, JMH (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Urol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 24 TC 29 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 160 IS 2 BP 320 EP 324 DI 10.1016/S0022-5347(01)62883-0 PG 5 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 102MM UT WOS:000074928200004 PM 9679869 ER PT J AU Bishoff, JT Motley, G Optenberg, SA Stein, CR Moon, KA Browning, SM Sabanegh, E Foley, JP Thompson, IM AF Bishoff, JT Motley, G Optenberg, SA Stein, CR Moon, KA Browning, SM Sabanegh, E Foley, JP Thompson, IM TI Incidence of fecal and urinary incontinence following radical perineal and retropubic prostatectomy in a national population SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE prostatectomy; fecal incontinence; urinary incontinence; prostatic neoplasms ID PELVIC LYMPHADENECTOMY; EPIDEMIOLOGY; SYMPTOM; CANCER AB Purpose: Since 1991 we have performed more than 300 anatomical radical perineal prostatectomies at Brooke Army and Wilford Hall Medical Centers, and were initially aware of 8 patients who presented with unsolicited postoperative fecal incontinence. We determined the incidence of fecal and urinary incontinence following radical prostatectomy, defined parameters to identify patients at risk for fecal complaints following radical prostatectomy, and estimated the impact of fecal incontinence on lifestyle and activities. Materials and Methods: Initially a validated 26-question telephone survey was used to evaluate 227 patients who had previously undergone radical prostatectomy at 1 of our 2 institutions. Based on results of the telephone survey a national survey was mailed to 1,200 radical prostatectomy patients randomly selected from a nationwide database of Department of Defense health care system beneficiaries. All patients had undergone radical perineal or retropubic prostatectomy at least 12 months before being contacted for the survey. Results: Responses to the telephone survey from 227 patients revealed that fecal incontinence was a problem after radical retropubic (5%) and perineal (18%) prostatectomy and less than 50% of those with fecal incontinence had told the physician. Our mail survey (response rate 80% and 78% usable for analysis, 784 radical perineal and 123 perineal) strongly indicated that fecal incontinence after radical prostatectomy is a problem nationwide. Frequency of fecal incontinence (daily, weekly, monthly or less than monthly occurrences) was significantly higher among radical perineal (3, 9, 3 and 16%) compared to retropubic prostatectomy (2, 5, 3, and 8%) patients (p = 0.002). Fecal incontinence had a significant negative effect on patient social or entertainment activities (p = 0.029), and travel and vacation plans (p = 0.043). Radical perineal compared to retropubic prostatectomy patients were more likely to wear a pad for stool leakage (p = 0.013), experienced more accidents (p = 0.001), had larger amounts of stool leakage (p = 0.002) and had less formed stools (p = 0.001). Of radical perineal prostatectomy patients only 14% and of retropubic only 7% with fecal incontinence had ever told a health care provider about it, even when the incontinence was severe. Responses to our survey concerning urinary incontinence showed that radical perineal prostatectomy patients had a lower rate of urinary incontinence immediately after prostatectomy compared to retropubic (79 versus 85%, p = 0.043). A higher proportion of perineal patients reported that all urinary leakage had ceased, that is full continence had returned (perineal 70%, retropubic 53%, p = 0.001). A smaller proportion of perineal patients found it necessary to wear a pad to protect from urinary incontinence (perineal 39%, retropubic 56%, p = 0.004). Conclusions: Fecal incontinence following radical prostatectomy occurs more frequently than previously recognized. In general fecal incontinence among radical perineal and retropubic prostatectomy patients surpasses the expected incidence rate of 4% for this age group (60 to 70 years) but incidence is significantly higher for radical perineal prostatectomy patients. However, radical perineal prostatectomy patients have a significantly lower incidence of urinary incontinence than those treated with retropubic prostatectomy. Surgeons who perform radical retropubic and perineal prostatectomy should be aware of the possibility of fecal and/or urinary incontinence and associated symptoms. C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Urol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Urol, San Antonio, TX USA. USA, Med Dept Ctr & Sch, Ctr Healthcare Educ & Studies, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Bishoff, JT (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Urol, 2200 Berquist Dr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. NR 16 TC 75 Z9 78 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 160 IS 2 BP 454 EP 458 DI 10.1016/S0022-5347(01)62924-0 PG 5 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 102MM UT WOS:000074928200045 PM 9679897 ER PT J AU Bettencourt, MC Bauer, JJ Sesterhenn, IA Connelly, RR Moul, JW AF Bettencourt, MC Bauer, JJ Sesterhenn, IA Connelly, RR Moul, JW TI CD34 immunohistochemical assessment of angiogenesis as a prognostic marker for prostate cancer recurrence after radical prostatectomy SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE prostatic neoplasms; prostatectomy; recurrence; neovascularization ID TUMOR ANGIOGENESIS; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; BREAST-CARCINOMA; EXPRESSION; ANTIGEN; STAGE; NEOVASCULARITY; VASCULARITY; METASTASIS; NEOPLASIA AB Purpose: We assess the neovascularity of clinically localized prostate cancer by immunohistochemistry using the monoclonal antibody CD34 in an attempt to identify associations between angiogenesis and disease progression following radical prostatectomy. Materials and Methods: Microvascularity was evaluated using the CD34 monoclonal antibody in archival paraffin embedded radical prostatectomy specimens from 149 patients followed from 3 to 10 years (mean 6.6). Vessels were quantified by counting a minimum of 2 selected microscopic fields (200x, 0.754 mm.(2)) from each tumor, area of prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia and prostatic hyperplasia, and given a numerical value representing the microvessel density count. Results: Mean microvessel density count did not vary significantly with age or race. There was a significant association between the count and nuclear grade, Gleason sum and pathological stage. Cox survival analysis shows that microvessel density is significantly related to time to recurrence when considered as a continuous variable (p = 0.03) as well as dichotomous variable (p = 0.007) (microvessel density count less than 90 and 90 or greater). The 5-year recurrence-free survival was significantly higher for patients with a count less than 90 (71%) than for those with a count 90 or greater (51%) (p = 0.006). The 5-year recurrence-free survival was also significantly different when microvessel density was used as a continuous variable (p = 0.02). Controlling for stage, Gleason sum, race and nuclear grade, microvessel density remained significant in predicting recurrence (p = 0.03) but when pretreatment prostate specific antigen was included in the model the count was no longer significant. The microvessel density count in the tumor area significantly increased with increasing Gleason sum and nuclear grade but it did not increase significantly in the adjacent benign prostate or areas of prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia in the same specimen. Conclusions: Microvascularity or neovascularity as measured by the CD34 antigen may be a prognostic marker of recurrence for prostate cancer patients after radical prostatectomy but more study in prostate specific antigen era patients with sufficient followup is needed. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Urol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Genitourinary Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. RP Moul, JW (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, 4301 Jones Bridge RAd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 32 TC 126 Z9 130 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 160 IS 2 BP 459 EP 465 DI 10.1016/S0022-5347(01)62925-2 PG 7 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 102MM UT WOS:000074928200046 PM 9679898 ER PT J AU Sudiro, TM Ishiko, H Rothman, AL Kershaw, DE Green, S Vaughn, DW Nisalak, A Kalayanarooj, S Ennis, FA AF Sudiro, TM Ishiko, H Rothman, AL Kershaw, DE Green, S Vaughn, DW Nisalak, A Kalayanarooj, S Ennis, FA TI Microplate-reverse hybridization method to determine dengue virus serotype SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE dengue virus; RT-PCR; microplate hybridization ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; RAPID DIAGNOSIS; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; IDENTIFICATION; INFECTIONS; VIREMIA; GENOME; ELISA AB A reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and microplate-reverse hybridization method were developed to detect and type dengue viruses in patients plasma specimens. A silica method was used to isolate RNA; and 3'-noncoding region universal primers were used to amplify dengue virus RNA. Using RT-PCR and ethidium bromide staining we could detect dengue virus in serum spiked with serially diluted dengue virus with a level of sensitivity similar to that of a quantitative fluorescent focus assay of dengue viruses in cell culture, i.e. 1.4 fluorescent focus units per reaction. Applying this assay to 14 dengue-positive plasma samples and 13 dengue-negative samples, dengue viremia was detectable by RT-PCR with a sensitivity comparable to mosquito inoculation. To determine the serotypes, digoxigenin-labeled PCR products from plasma samples and six laboratory adapted dengue viruses were hybridized in stringent conditions to serotype-specific DNA probes immobilized on microplates, and the hybridized product was detected with a colorimetric assay. Serotypes of dengue viruses, in cell culture and in patient plasma specimens, were identified using this method. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Ctr Infect Dis & Vaccine Res, Worcester, MA 01655 USA. Univ Indonesia, Fac Med, Dept Microbiol, Jakarta, Indonesia. USA, Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Med Component, Dept Virol, Bangkok, Thailand. Bangkok Childrens Hosp, Dept Infect Dis, Bangkok, Thailand. RP Ennis, FA (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Ctr Infect Dis & Vaccine Res, 55 Lake Ave N, Worcester, MA 01655 USA. NR 19 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-0934 J9 J VIROL METHODS JI J. Virol. Methods PD AUG PY 1998 VL 73 IS 2 BP 229 EP 235 DI 10.1016/S0166-0934(98)00040-8 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA 118LJ UT WOS:000075839400011 PM 9766894 ER PT J AU Burgess, EB AF Burgess, EB TI Shutting down the Cold War: The politics of military base closures. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS 66048 USA. RP Burgess, EB (reprint author), USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS 66048 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 123 IS 13 BP 115 EP 115 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 108XR UT WOS:000075291800213 ER PT J AU Eliasson, AH Poropatich, RK AF Eliasson, AH Poropatich, RK TI Performance improvement in telemedicine: The essential elements SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID COST-EFFECTIVENESS; MEDICINE; HEALTH AB Performance improvement activities in telemedicine may be placed into five categories. [1] Licensing and credentialing. Telemedicine overcomes geographical boundaries, but its reach is constrained by state laws on licensing. Some states require a state license, whereas others grant "consultation exemptions" for out-of-state physicians. Simple renewable licenses do not guarantee quality. Potential solutions include a national telemedicine license or license reciprocity laws for telemedicine. (2) Data security and privacy. Telemedicine technology raises some security concerns. Differences in reporting requirements among states complicate the issue of privacy. Storage of telemedicine consultation records may help physicians document care decisions for risk management, but conventional long-term storage may not be feasible because of cost constraints and may not be required to document the encounter appropriately. (3) Informed consent. Potential failures in security and transmission are new, and should be communicated to the patient. (4) Peer review. Peer review findings encourage thorough, accurate, and legible documentation. Results should be recorded by provider and must be available during the recredentialing process. (5) Tailored performance improvement initiatives. By using established principles and techniques, performance improvement initiatives can gather, analyze, and communicate information about the cost-effectiveness of telemedicine. These performance improvement efforts are the heart of quality management and are critical to the justification of telemedicine. Walter Reed Telemedicine has put into effect a performance improvement plan in accordance with this outline. This article describes the plan and suggests it as a model for other telemedicine programs. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Eliasson, AH (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 23 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 163 IS 8 BP 530 EP 535 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 110MT UT WOS:000075385500007 PM 9715616 ER PT J AU Islinger, RB Kuklo, TR Polly, DW AF Islinger, RB Kuklo, TR Polly, DW TI Spine fractures in active duty soldiers and their return to duty rate SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID THORACOLUMBAR BURST FRACTURES; LUMBAR SPINE; NONOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT; INJURIES; STABILIZATION AB To evaluate the outcome of thoracolumbar spine fractures in active duty soldiers, we conducted a retrospective review of 23 soldiers followed at a single institution. Twenty-two charts were available for review. The average age was 31.9 years (range, 19-49 years), and the average follow-up was 3.6 years (range, 2-11 years). There were 20 males and 2 females. All injuries except one occurred between 1990 and 1994, and all were treated by a single surgeon. We attempted to correlate five independent variables with regard to whether the patient returned to his or her previous duty or was required to undergo a medical evaluation board to determine fitness for duty. The variables included military rank, physical job demands, fracture type, initial neurological status, and initial treatment (operative versus nonoperative). Fourteen of the 22 soldiers (64%) underwent medical evaluation boards, whereas 8 (36%) returned to their previous duties. We found a strong correlation between increasing military rank and return to preinjury duties. As expected, physical job demands correlated strongly with eventual disposition, in that soldiers in jobs with low physical demands were more likely to be retained on active duty in their present position. Neurologic status (except motor deficit), type of fracture (except fracture-dislocation), and initial treatment did not correlate well with eventual disposition. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Orthopaed Surg Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Islinger, RB (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Orthopaed Surg Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 21 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 163 IS 8 BP 536 EP 539 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 110MT UT WOS:000075385500008 PM 9715617 ER PT J AU Hawkins, JK Ciresi, SA Reynolds, PC AF Hawkins, JK Ciresi, SA Reynolds, PC TI Airway pressure effects on the performance of the ohmeda universal portable anesthesia complete vaporizer with push-over mechanical ventilation SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID DRAWOVER AB In previous studies, the use of mechanical ventilation in a push-over configuration with the Ohmeda Universal Portable Anesthesia Complete vaporizer was evaluated by bench testing and clinical application. During the clinical evaluation, it was noted that airway pressure transmitted back through the vaporizer during inspiration affected performance based on the concentration of inhalation agent delivered. This study evaluated the effects of airway pressure on vaporizer performance and established concentration curves for clinically significant incremental increases in airway pressure. Vaporizer performance was consistent, predictable, and correlated with the data obtained in previous studies. C1 Womack Army Med Ctr, Anesthesia Serv, Ft Bragg, NC 28307 USA. RP Hawkins, JK (reprint author), Womack Army Med Ctr, Anesthesia Serv, Ft Bragg, NC 28307 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 163 IS 8 BP 540 EP 543 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 110MT UT WOS:000075385500009 PM 9715618 ER PT J AU Schissel, DJ Barney, DL Keller, R AF Schissel, DJ Barney, DL Keller, R TI Cold weather injuries in an Arctic environment SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID FROSTBITE AB The cases of eight Special Forces soldiers who sustained cold weather-related injuries while conducting winter training as part of Operation Arctic Saber in the Northwest Territories and Arctic Circle are reported. Environmentally related injuries can represent difficult diagnostic and treatment challenges in the field. Moreover, they may compromise the overall mission if they are not identified and treated early. Cold weather injuries can also result in long-term disfigurement and disability that may limit a soldier's future worldwide deployability. Mission requirements, equipment utilization, and environmental exposure place soldiers at particular risk for cold weather-related injuries in such austere settings. Nonetheless, with appropriate education and safety precautions, these potentially life-threatening risks can be greatly minimized. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Schissel, DJ (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 10 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 163 IS 8 BP 568 EP 571 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 110MT UT WOS:000075385500014 PM 9715623 ER PT J AU Meffert, JJ Grimwood, RR Viernes, JL AF Meffert, JJ Grimwood, RR Viernes, JL TI The "teepee" sign in inflammatory scalp disease SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB Psoriasis and other diffuse inflammatory diseases of the scalp can cause a unique physical finding that we call the "teepee sign" because the hair forms pyramidal tufts at regular intervals that resemble an American Indian encampment, A pathological mechanism for this finding is proposed, with the description of two cases in Air Force basic trainees, one of a severe seborrheic dermatitis and the other psoriasis, The significance with regard to physical qualification for entry into military service is discussed. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio Uniformed Serv Hlth Educ Consortium, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Meffert, JJ (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio Uniformed Serv Hlth Educ Consortium, Bldg 3600 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 163 IS 8 BP 575 EP 576 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 110MT UT WOS:000075385500016 PM 9715625 ER PT J AU Klatka, LA Depper, MH Marini, AM AF Klatka, LA Depper, MH Marini, AM TI Infarction in the territory of the anterior cerebral artery SO NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID STROKE AB Infarction in the anterior cerebral artery (ACA) territory is an uncommon cause of stroke. The clinical findings of ACA infarctions are not fully characterized but include contralateral hemiparesis, urinary incontinence, transcortical aphasia, agraphia, apraxia, and executive dysfunction. We report a patient with a large right ACA infarction, who in addition to previously reported findings also had a complete hemiplegia, profound sensory neglect, and micrographia. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Neurol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Marini, AM (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Room 6243,6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 10 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0028-3878 J9 NEUROLOGY JI Neurology PD AUG PY 1998 VL 51 IS 2 BP 620 EP 622 PG 3 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 110NN UT WOS:000075387400061 PM 9710053 ER PT J AU Callahan, CW AF Callahan, CW TI Of shadows and wind SO PEDIATRIC PULMONOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat Pulmonol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Callahan, CW (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat Pulmonol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 8755-6863 J9 PEDIATR PULM JI Pediatr. Pulmonol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 26 IS 2 BP 145 EP 146 PG 2 WC Pediatrics; Respiratory System SC Pediatrics; Respiratory System GA 112FR UT WOS:000075483900013 PM 9727768 ER PT J AU Granovsky, MO Minkoff, HL Tess, BH Waters, D Hatzakis, A Devoid, DE Landesman, SH Rubinstein, A Di Bisceglie, AM Goedert, JJ AF Granovsky, MO Minkoff, HL Tess, BH Waters, D Hatzakis, A Devoid, DE Landesman, SH Rubinstein, A Di Bisceglie, AM Goedert, JJ TI Hepatitis C virus infection in the Mothers and Infants Cohort Study SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE hepatitis C virus; human immunodeficiency virus; vertical transmission; children ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; NON-B-HEPATITIS; NON-A; VERTICAL TRANSMISSION; LIVER-DISEASE; RISK; ASSOCIATION; ANTIBODIES; POPULATION; MEMBRANES AB Objectives. To estimate the hepatitis C virus (HCV) vertical transmission rate, the effect of potential risk factors, and the pattern of HCV antibody response and viremia in HCV-infected infants. Study Design. The Mothers and Infants Cohort Study enrolled both human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seropositive and HIV-seronegative pregnant women at five obstetric clinics in New York City in a prospective cohort study between January 1986 and January 1991. HCV-infected mothers and their 122 offspring were followed-up for a minimum of 12 months for evidence of HCV infection as determined by persistent HCV antibodies or detection of HCV RNA by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Comparisons among groups for categorical variables were performed using the Fisher's exact test. Results. Seven (6%; 95% confidence interval, 2%-11%) of the 122 infants were HCV-infected. There was a tendency for increased risk of transmission with maternal viral and obstetrical factors, such as coinfection with HIV (7% vs 4%), high HIV viral load (13% vs 6%), HCV viremia (8% vs 3%), vaginal delivery (6% vs 0%), and female gender of offspring (8% vs 3%), although none of the associations reached statistical significance. After loss of maternal antibody, HCV antibody seroconversion occurred at a mean age of 26 months in 3 HIV-coinfected infants compared with 7 months of age in 4 HCV-infected HIV-uninfected infants. Serial samples showed that HCV RNA persisted in 6 infants for at least 18 to 54 months. Conclusions. Our study is in accordance with other studies that have shown low overall HCV vertical transmission risk and a trend toward higher risk with maternal risk factors such as HIV-coinfection or HCV viremia. A delay in infant HCV antibody response may be associated with HIV coinfection although larger studies are needed to confirm these findings. C1 NCI, Viral Epidemiol Branch, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, NIH, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. SUNY Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Brooklyn, NY 11203 USA. SUNY Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Brooklyn, NY 11203 USA. Frederick Canc Res & Dev Ctr, Sci Applicat Int Corp, Frederick, MD USA. Univ Athens, Dept Hyg & Epidemiol, Athens, Greece. Univ Athens, Sch Med, GR-11527 Athens, Greece. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. St Louis Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, St Louis, MO 63104 USA. RP Granovsky, MO (reprint author), NCI, Viral Epidemiol Branch, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, NIH, 6130 Execut Blvd,EPN-434, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. FU NICHD NIH HHS [N0-1-HD-4-3208] NR 34 TC 93 Z9 97 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD AUG PY 1998 VL 102 IS 2 BP 355 EP 359 DI 10.1542/peds.102.2.355 PG 5 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 106JH UT WOS:000075125800011 PM 9685438 ER PT J AU Dong, K Valles, SM Scharf, ME Zeichner, B Bennett, GW AF Dong, K Valles, SM Scharf, ME Zeichner, B Bennett, GW TI The knockdown resistance (kdr) mutation in pyrethroid-resistant German cockroaches SO PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SODIUM-CHANNEL GENE; BLATTELLA-GERMANICA; INSECTICIDE RESISTANCE; HOUSE-FLY; MUSCA-DOMESTICA; DICTYOPTERA; LINKAGE; DDT; STRAIN; LOCUS AB A point mutation in the para-homologous sodium channel gene has been shown to be associated with knockdown resistance (kdr) in several insect species including the German cockroach. In this study, we analyzed the genomic organization of the region where the kdr mutation resides and then performed polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing using genomic DNA as the template to detect kdr mutation in 24 pyrethroid-resistant German cockroach strains, most of which have been collected recently from the field. The kdr mutation, G to C at nt 2979 resulting in a leucine to phenylalanine amino acid substitution, was detected in 20 strains including 2 strains from overseas (China and Germany). Our results clearly indicate that the kdr mutation is widespread in German cockroach populations. However, the super-kdr mutation detected in super-kdr house flies was not found in any of the 4 strains that showed higher levels of knockdown resistance. Little correlation was observed between the presence of the kdr mutation and the level of knockdown resistance, suggesting the existence of multiple resistance mechanisms in many of these strains, (C) 1998 Academic Press. C1 Michigan State Univ, Dept Entomol, Pesticide Res Ctr, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. ARS, USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. Purdue Univ, Dept Entomol, Ctr Urban & Ind Pest Management, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Dong, K (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Entomol, Pesticide Res Ctr, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. NR 30 TC 44 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0048-3575 J9 PESTIC BIOCHEM PHYS JI Pest. Biochem. Physiol. PD AUG 1 PY 1998 VL 60 IS 3 BP 195 EP 204 DI 10.1006/pest.1998.2339 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology; Physiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology; Physiology GA 111GX UT WOS:000075429900006 ER PT J AU Wengraitis, S Benedetta, D Sliney, DH AF Wengraitis, S Benedetta, D Sliney, DH TI Intercomparison of effective erythemal irradiance measurements from two types of broad-band instruments during June 1995 SO PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ULTRAVIOLET-RADIATION; METER AB The biologically effective global solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) measurements from a multiband UVR monitor and a conventional broadband UVR monitor are compared. The measurements were performed during the varied weather conditions of June 1995. We compared the daily total exposures measured by both instruments, as well as the ratio of the measured doses throughout the course of each day. The daily total exposures agreed within approximately 11% throughout the month. The ratio between the measured doses held at 1.12 between 0900 and 1700 h (solar zenith angles approximate to 16-52 degrees). The ratio decreased from 1.12 to 0.90 during the next 90 min outside that period (solar zenith angles approximate to 52-72 degrees) and decreased further beyond that point. Spectral response and cosine response mismatch between the instruments are discussed as the possible cause of discrepancies between the measured doses. Implications for erythemal irradiance monitoring and suggestions for further study are discussed. C1 USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Laser Opt Radiat Program, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Wengraitis, S (reprint author), USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Laser Opt Radiat Program, Attn MCHB-TS-OLO,5158 Blackhawk Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 17 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC PHOTOBIOLOGY PI AUGUSTA PA BIOTECH PARK, 1021 15TH ST, SUITE 9, AUGUSTA, GA 30901-3158 USA SN 0031-8655 J9 PHOTOCHEM PHOTOBIOL JI Photochem. Photobiol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 68 IS 2 BP 179 EP 182 DI 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1998.tb02486.x PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 112FU UT WOS:000075484100013 PM 9841364 ER PT J AU Psotka, J Lewis, SA King, D AF Psotka, J Lewis, SA King, D TI Effects of field of view on judgments of self-location: Distortions in distance estimations even when the image geometry exactly fits the field of view SO PRESENCE-TELEOPERATORS AND VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Article ID SPATIAL INFORMATION; SIZE; PERSPECTIVE AB This research stems from the casual observation that the image of a television screen with 18 degrees geometric field of view (FOVg) as seen on a real television with 17 degrees real FOV appears much "nearer'' than the real television-as much as 98% closer. Does the image appear "nearer'' because the distance to the real television is misjudged or is a mental model of a virtual subjective self-location created? Either way, all the projective mapping in the world, whether only in the z plane or in all x, y, and z planes, is irrelevant to explain this powerful perceptual or cognitive effect that the neglected variable of FOV has on self-location in virtual space. Accurate perception of the scene and precise self-location in virtual environments is the goal of accurate perspective geometries, scene computation, and helmet-mounted display (HMD) optics. Yet, as research has already clearly shown, accurate geometric projection is no guarantee of accurate perception: for instance, images viewed exactly at their proper projection points have repeatedly been seen at distorted distances or inaccurate directions. In addition to precise engineering, it is important to understand the psychology of self-location, also called egocenters, to obtain an understanding of virtual space. A new theory, Cognitive Frame Theory, is proposed to deal with cognitive modifications of perception in a way that emphasizes the importance of self-location. Cognitive Frame Theory builds on the phenomenal geometry underlying self-location perceptions: the localization of objects in space requires a combination of perceived distance, perceived direction, and the perception of the position or motion of the self. A fundamentally novel component of the theory suggests that observers use their natural fields of view of 120 degrees vertical by 180 degrees horizontal as the primary standard for interpreting visual displays and their self-location in the space of those displays. C1 USA, Res Inst, Washington, DC 20310 USA. Howard Univ, Washington, DC 20059 USA. RP USA, Res Inst, Washington, DC 20310 USA. EM psotka@ari.army.mil NR 45 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU MIT PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA ONE ROGERS ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142-1209 USA SN 1054-7460 EI 1531-3263 J9 PRESENCE-TELEOP VIRT JI Presence-Teleoper. Virtual Env. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 7 IS 4 BP 352 EP 369 DI 10.1162/105474698565776 PG 18 WC Computer Science, Cybernetics; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA 107BP UT WOS:000075186200002 ER PT J AU Aquilina, JW McKinney, L Pacelli, A Richman, LK Waters, DJ Thompson, I Burghardt, WF Bostwick, DG AF Aquilina, JW McKinney, L Pacelli, A Richman, LK Waters, DJ Thompson, I Burghardt, WF Bostwick, DG TI High grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia in military working dogs with and without prostate cancer SO PROSTATE LA English DT Article DE prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN); prostate; adenocarcinoma ID NEEDLE BIOPSIES; CARCINOMA; THERAPY AB BACKGROUND. High grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) is the most likely precursor of human prostate cancer and is commonly found in men undergoing prostatic needle biopsy for suspected cancer. Recent work has demonstrated that pet dogs, Like humans, develop PIN spontaneously and in association with prostate cancer. Pet dogs are the most domesticated animal, sharing the habitat and oftentimes the diet of their owners. If PIN and prostate cancer are strongly related to environmental factors, then the prevalence of these findings might differ in a population of dogs such as military working dogs which is not exposed to the habitat and diet of humans. In this study, we determined the prevalence of PIN in prostates of aged military working dogs with and without prostatic adenocarcinoma. METHODS. Cases were selected from the military working dog slide and tissue archive at the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, DC. The most recent 329 necropsies (1991 to 1996) were examined histologically by multiple reviewers; of these, 199 dogs (60%) were found to have evaluable prostatic tissue. In addition, the most recent 50 necropsies (1958 to 1996) with the diagnosis of prostatic cancer were examined, of which 25 cases (50%) were found to have evaluable prostatic adenocarcinoma. in most cases, a single large transverse section of prostatic tissue was available for re review. Medical records for each dog were reviewed independently, and age, clinical history, indications for euthanasia, and other health problems were recorded. RESULTS. High grade PIN was identified in 3% of dogs (6 of 199 dogs) without prostate cancer. A total of 50.8% of dogs in this study group (101 of 199 dogs) were known to be sexually intact, 26.7% of dogs (53 of 199 dogs) were castrated, and the status of the remaining 22.6% of dogs (45 of 199 dogs) was unknown. High grade PIN was present in 18 of 25 dogs (72%) with prostatic adenocarcinoma. Of these cases, 11 dogs (44%) were castrated, 4 dogs (16%) were intact, and the status of 10 dogs (40%) dogs was unknown. Gleason scores ranged from 6 to 10, with a mean of 8.4 and a median of 8. CONCLUSIONS. High grade PIN is present in a small but substantial number (3%) of military working dogs. Of military working dogs with prostatic adenocarcinoma, 72% had high grade PIN. The true prevalence in each of these cohorts is likely to be higher given the sampling variation inherent in evaluating a single random histologic section. Aged male dogs seem to have substantial clinical utility as an animal model for prostatic carcinogenesis. We recommend that serial sectioning and total embedding of the prostate should be used to more thoroughly characterize premalignant and malignant diseases in aged military working dogs. This method will provide important data to determine whether a model of spontaneous PIN in elderly dogs may have clinical utility in developing strategies directed toward preventing and treating prostate. Prostate 36:189-193, 1998. (C) 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Mayo Clin & Mayo Fdn, Dept Pathol, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. Amer Registry Pathol, Registry Vet Pathol, Washington, DC USA. Purdue Univ, Canc Biol Lab, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. US Dept Def, Mil Working Dog Vet Serv, Lackland AFB, TX USA. RP Bostwick, DG (reprint author), Mayo Clin & Mayo Fdn, Dept Pathol, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. NR 16 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0270-4137 J9 PROSTATE JI Prostate PD AUG 1 PY 1998 VL 36 IS 3 BP 189 EP 193 PG 5 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Urology & Nephrology SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Urology & Nephrology GA 102PA UT WOS:000074932000007 PM 9687991 ER PT J AU Potter, KJ Bevins, MA Vassilieva, EV Chiruvolu, VR Smith, T Smith, LA Meagher, MM AF Potter, KJ Bevins, MA Vassilieva, EV Chiruvolu, VR Smith, T Smith, LA Meagher, MM TI Production and purification of the heavy-chain fragment C of botulinum neurotoxin, serotype B, expressed in the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris SO PROTEIN EXPRESSION AND PURIFICATION LA English DT Article ID HIGH-LEVEL EXPRESSION; PROTEINS; GENE; TOXIN AB A recombinant H-c fragment of botulinum neurotoxin, serotype B (rBoNTB(H-c)), has been successfully expressed in a Mut(+) strain of the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris for use as an antigen in a proposed human vaccine. The fermentation process consisted of batch phase on glycerol, followed by glycerol and methanol fed-batch phases yielding a final cell mass of 60 gn (dcw) and was easily scaled-up to 60 L. A multistep ion-exchange chromatographic purification process was employed to produce 99% pure H-c fragment. The final yield of the purified antigen was 390 mg per kilogram of wet cell mass. The purified H-c fragment of serotype B was stable, elicited an immune response in mice, and protected upon challenge with native botulin. (C) 1998 Academic Press. C1 Univ Nebraska, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Biol Proc Dev Facil, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. Univ Nebraska, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Toxicol, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Potter, KJ (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Biol Proc Dev Facil, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. NR 40 TC 43 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1046-5928 J9 PROTEIN EXPRES PURIF JI Protein Expr. Purif. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 13 IS 3 BP 357 EP 365 DI 10.1006/prep.1998.0910 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 108DH UT WOS:000075250400009 PM 9693060 ER PT J AU Kofford, KR Wakefield, CW Nunn, ME AF Kofford, KR Wakefield, CW Nunn, ME TI The effect of autoclaving and polishing techniques on energy transmission of light-curing tips SO QUINTESSENCE INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE autoclaving; disinfection; light-curing tip; optics maintenance; radiometer; sterilization AB Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate if autoclaving light-curing lips in sterilization packages using a properly maintained autoclave filled with distilled water reduced the buildup of boiler scale and allowed the tips to maintain their ability to transmit energy. Method and Materials: Thirty light-curing tips were divided into groups. control, never autoclaved; group I, no light-curing tip treatment, autoclaved only; group 2, autoclaved and treated with the Demetron/Kerr Optics Maintenance Kit; group 3, autoclaved and treated with the EFOS Fiberoptic Cleaning Kit; group 4, autoclaved and treated with Shofu Brownie and Greenie polishing points; and group 5, autoclaved and treated with a standard rubber prophylaxis clip. The curing tips were packaged and subjected to 30 autoclave cycles in a clinical autoclave with standard loads of clinical instruments. The light transmission was measured with a curing radiometer: Results: Results showed a 7% decrease in energy transmission for the untreated rips compared to the control. Both polishing system groups demonstrated a 4% decrease. There was no significant difference between the control and the first three groups. The polishing point and prophylaxis clip groups showed significantly decreased energy transmission (decreases of 11% ann 25%, respectively). Conclusion: Light-curing tips can be autoclaved with routine packaged lends of clinical instruments and retain their ability to transmit light energy, provided that the tips are packaged and the autoclave is properly maintained and filled with distilled water Commercially available optics maintenance kits are effective in removing deposits and restoring light energy transmission. C1 Texas A&M Univ Syst, Baylor Coll Med, AEGD Residency Program, Dallas, TX USA. Texas A&M Univ Syst, Baylor Coll Med, Dept Publ Hlth Serv, Dallas, TX USA. USA, Dent Activ, Adv Educ Gen Dent Year Program 2, Ft Hood, TX 76544 USA. RP Kofford, KR (reprint author), 2511 Schwald Rd, Killeen, TX 76543 USA. NR 8 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU QUINTESSENCE PUBL CO INC PI CAROL STREAM PA 551 NORTH KIMBERLY DR, CAROL STREAM, IL 60188-1881 USA SN 0033-6572 J9 QUINTESSENCE INT JI Quintessence Int. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 29 IS 8 BP 491 EP 496 PG 6 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 111UQ UT WOS:000075456900003 PM 9807128 ER PT J AU Pipa, VI Glavin, BA Mitin, VV Stroscio, M AF Pipa, VI Glavin, BA Mitin, VV Stroscio, M TI Relaxation rates of electrons in a quantum well embedded in a finite-size semiconductor slab SO SEMICONDUCTOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Workshop on Surfaces and Interfaces of Mesoscopic Devices CY DEC 07-12, 1997 CL MAUI, HAWAII SP Arizona State Univ, Off Naval Res AB We calculated the momentum and energy relaxation rates of 2D electrons interacting with acoustic phonons in a quantum well situated close to the surface of a semiconductor slab in which the quantum well is embedded. These rates depend on the mechanical conditions at the surface of the slab and deviate substantially from the values corresponding to a quantum well situated in the bulk of an infinite crystal. At low enough temperatures the quantization of the acoustic modes becomes important and has an effect on the relaxation rates. C1 Inst Semicond Phys, UA-252028 Kiev, Ukraine. Wayne State Univ, Dept ECE, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Pipa, VI (reprint author), Inst Semicond Phys, Pr Nauki 45, UA-252028 Kiev, Ukraine. NR 3 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0268-1242 J9 SEMICOND SCI TECH JI Semicond. Sci. Technol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 13 IS 8A SU S BP A97 EP A99 DI 10.1088/0268-1242/13/8A/029 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 111MY UT WOS:000075442600029 ER PT J AU Sun, JP Teng, HB Haddad, GI Stroscio, MA AF Sun, JP Teng, HB Haddad, GI Stroscio, MA TI Electron-interface phonon interaction in multiple quantum well structures SO SEMICONDUCTOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Workshop on Surfaces and Interfaces of Mesoscopic Devices CY DEC 07-12, 1997 CL MAUI, HAWAII SP Arizona State Univ, Off Naval Res ID HETEROSTRUCTURES; LASER AB Intersubband relaxation rates due to electron interactions with the interface phonons are evaluated for multiple quantum well structures designed for step quantum well lasers operating at mid-infrared to submillimetre wavelengths. The interface phonon modes and electron-phonon interaction Hamiltonians for the structures are derived using the transfer matrix method, based on the macroscopic dielectric continuum model, whereas the electron wavefunctions are obtained by solving the Schrodinger equation. Fermi's golden rule is employed to calculate the electron relaxation rates between the subbands in these structures. The relaxation rates for two different structures are examined and compared with those calculated using the bulk phonon modes and the Frohlich interaction Hamiltonian. The sum rule for the relationship between the form factors of the various localized phonon modes and the bulk phonon modes is verified. The results obtained in this work illustrate that the transfer matrix method provides a convenient way for deriving the properties of the interface phonon modes in different structures of current interest and that, for preferential electron relaxation in intersubband laser structures, the effects of the interface phonon modes are significant and should be considered for optimal design of these laser structures. C1 Univ Michigan, Ctr High Frequency Microelect, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Solid State Elect Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Sun, JP (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Ctr High Frequency Microelect, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Solid State Elect Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0268-1242 J9 SEMICOND SCI TECH JI Semicond. Sci. Technol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 13 IS 8A SU S BP A147 EP A151 DI 10.1088/0268-1242/13/8A/042 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 111MY UT WOS:000075442600042 ER PT J AU Musio, F Bohen, EM Yuan, CM Welch, PG AF Musio, F Bohen, EM Yuan, CM Welch, PG TI Review of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura in the setting of systemic lupus erythematosus SO SEMINARS IN ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Review DE thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura; systemic erythematosus; microangiopathy ID HEMOLYTIC-UREMIC SYNDROME; ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID ANTIBODY SYNDROME; RENAL VASCULAR-LESIONS; CLINICAL-SIGNIFICANCE; CELL ANTIBODIES; NEPHRITIS; MICROANGIOPATHY; DISORDERS; PATIENT; ANTICARDIOLIPIN AB Objective: Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) has been described in association with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) rarely. The diagnosis of TTP as a process separate from SLE may be difficult because both share similar features, including thrombotic microangiopathy. Methods: A case is described of the simultaneous occurrence of TTP and SLE. The clinical, laboratory, and histologic findings of the patient are reported. The association of TTP and SLE in the literature is analyzed. We review separately the pathogenesis, role of antiphospholipid antibodies, and the differential diagnosis of TTP complicating the course of SLE. Results: Forty cases of TTP in association with SLE are reported in the world literature. Three distinct groups were defined by the presentation of TTP that occurred subsequent to, before, or simultaneous with SLE (groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively). Renal biopsy in a patient with lupus nephritis may reveal thrombotic microangiopathy, which may be seen independently or represent a concomitant systemic thrombotic process such as TTP, disseminated intravascular coagulation, or antiphospholipid antibody syndrome. Conclusion: TTP in association with SLE is rare, and the diagnosis may be challenging. Although the etiology of TTP remains elusive, certain autoimmune mechanisms, platelet abnormalities, and fibrinolytic disorders may be shared with SLE and provide the basis for their association. Management requires timely diagnosis and aggressive treatment by therapeutic plasma exchange. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Musio, F (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 71 TC 92 Z9 98 U1 0 U2 2 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0049-0172 J9 SEMIN ARTHRITIS RHEU JI Semin. Arthritis Rheum. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 28 IS 1 BP 1 EP 19 DI 10.1016/S0049-0172(98)80023-1 PG 19 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 111FB UT WOS:000075425700001 PM 9726331 ER PT J AU Markenson, GR Yancey, MK AF Markenson, GR Yancey, MK TI Parvovirus B19 infections in pregnancy SO SEMINARS IN PERINATOLOGY LA English DT Review ID NONIMMUNE HYDROPS-FETALIS; POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; SERUM ALPHA-FETOPROTEIN; RED-CELL APLASIA; INTRAUTERINE INFECTION; PRENATAL-DIAGNOSIS; B-19 INFECTION; SECONDARY; FETUS; ANEMIA C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, MCHK OB, Div Maternal Fetal Med, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Baystate Med Ctr, Div Maternal Fetal Med, Springfield, MA USA. RP Yancey, MK (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, MCHK OB, Div Maternal Fetal Med, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 60 TC 21 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0146-0005 J9 SEMIN PERINATOL JI Semin. Perinatol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 22 IS 4 BP 309 EP 317 DI 10.1016/S0146-0005(98)80019-0 PG 9 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics GA 115PQ UT WOS:000075674200009 PM 9738995 ER PT J AU Kent, S Ferguson, M Trotta, R Jordan, L AF Kent, S Ferguson, M Trotta, R Jordan, L TI T wave alternans associated with HIV cardiomyopathy, erythromycin therapy, and electrolyte disturbances SO SOUTHERN MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID TORSADES-DE-POINTES; LONG-QT SYNDROME; VENTRICULAR-TACHYCARDIA; INTRAVENOUS ERYTHROMYCIN; PROLONGATION; ARRHYTHMIAS; MECHANISMS; REPOLARIZATION; LACTOBIONATE AB We report a case of T wave alternans in a patient with HIV cardiomyopathy, T wave alternans is an unusual electrocardiographic finding in acquired long QT syndromes that can precede the development of torsades de pointes. Our patient had multiple risk factors for the development of the acquired long QT syndrome, including HIV cardiomyopathy, electrolyte disturbances, and erythromycin therapy. T wave alternans has not been described previously with HIV cardiomyopathy and only rarely with erythromycin therapy. Patients who have HIV cardiomyopathy and who receive intravenous erythromycin may benefit from monitoring for QT prolongation and electrolyte disturbances to avoid the development of torsades de pointes. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Kent, S (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 27 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOUTHERN MEDICAL ASSN PI BIRMINGHAM PA 35 LAKESHORE DR PO BOX 190088, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35219 USA SN 0038-4348 J9 SOUTHERN MED J JI South.Med.J. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 91 IS 8 BP 755 EP 758 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 110HR UT WOS:000075375800011 PM 9715223 ER PT J AU Wortmann, G Fleckenstein, J AF Wortmann, G Fleckenstein, J TI Incidental discovery of emphysematous cystitis SO SOUTHERN MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID URINARY-TRACT INFECTION AB The routine use of imaging studies for the evaluation of abdominal pain occasionally yields unexpected and unusual findings. We report a case of emphysematous cystitis that was incidentally discovered on a computed tomography scan originally ordered as part of an evaluation of pancreatitis, C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Clin, Infect Dis Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Wortmann, G (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Clin, Infect Dis Serv, Ward 63, Washington, DC 20307 USA. OI Fleckenstein, James/0000-0002-1148-697X NR 9 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOUTHERN MEDICAL ASSN PI BIRMINGHAM PA 35 LAKESHORE DR PO BOX 190088, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35219 USA SN 0038-4348 J9 SOUTHERN MED J JI South.Med.J. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 91 IS 8 BP 785 EP 786 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 110HR UT WOS:000075375800020 PM 9715232 ER PT J AU Dean, RC Moul, JW AF Dean, RC Moul, JW TI New tumor markers of testis cancer SO UROLOGIC CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article ID GERM-CELL TUMORS; HUMAN TESTICULAR CANCER; LACTATE-DEHYDROGENASE ISOENZYME-1; PLACENTAL ALKALINE-PHOSPHATASE; POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; NEURON-SPECIFIC ENOLASE; PREDICT OCCULT DISEASE; CLINICAL STAGE; EMBRYONAL CARCINOMA; PATHOLOGICAL STAGE AB Potential tumor markers for testis cancer have become numerous with the new molecular techniques available. New protein markers have been evaluated, and histologic factors have shown correlations with stage of disease. Cytogenetic analysis studies have also shown associations with stage progression. Chromosomal markers, oncogenes, and tumor suppressor genes are possible candidates for tumor markers. These new potential tumor markers may become as commonplace as the established markers and may enhance diagnosis, staging, and treatment of testis cancer. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Urol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Moul, JW (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Dept Surg, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 83 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0094-0143 J9 UROL CLIN N AM JI Urol. Clin. N. Am. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 25 IS 3 BP 365 EP + DI 10.1016/S0094-0143(05)70027-6 PG 10 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 107QZ UT WOS:000075221900002 PM 9728207 ER PT J AU Thompson, IM AF Thompson, IM TI Treatment with finasteride preserves usefulness of prostate-specific antigen in the detection of prostate cancer: Results of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial - Comment SO UROLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, San Antonio, TX 78234 USA. RP Thompson, IM (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, San Antonio, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAHNERS PUBL CO PI NEW YORK PA 249 WEST 17 STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0090-4295 J9 UROLOGY JI UROLOGY PD AUG PY 1998 VL 52 IS 2 BP 201 EP 202 PG 2 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 104QT UT WOS:000075025800007 ER PT J AU Greenway, TE Eldridge, JH Ludwig, G Staas, JK Smith, JF Gilley, RM Michalek, SM AF Greenway, TE Eldridge, JH Ludwig, G Staas, JK Smith, JF Gilley, RM Michalek, SM TI Induction of protective immune responses against Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) virus aerosol challenge with microencapsulated VEE virus vaccine SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE oral immunization; intratracheal immunization; IgA antibodies; microspheres ID BIODEGRADABLE MICROSPHERES; ORAL IMMUNIZATION; IMMUNOGLOBULIN-A; DELIVERY SYSTEM; INFLUENZA-VIRUS; CHOLERA-TOXIN; ENCEPHALOMYELITIS; SECRETIONS; ANTIBODY; IGA AB Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis (VEE) virus, a member of the family Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, causes disease in humans and equids. The virus is normally transmitted by the bite of an infected mosquito however; it can also be highly infectious by aerosol. The purpose of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of formalin-fixed, Co-60-irradiated VEE virus microencapsulated in poly DL-lactide-co-glycolide in inducing immune responses protective against aerosol challenge with virulent VEE virus. Balb/c mice were primed by subcutaneous injection of micro-encapsulated VEE virus vaccine followed 30 days later by a single immunization with the same vaccine given via the oral, intratracheal (i.t.) or subcutaneous (s.c.) route. Mice boosted by the i.t. or s.c. route had higher plasma IgG anti-VEE virus levels than orally immunized animals. The responses in the former groups were similar in magnitude to those seen in mice primed and boosted by the i.t. route. Antibody activity was detected in bronchial-alveolar and intestinal washes, fecal extracts and saliva fr om immunized animals. The levels of IgG and IgA antibody activity in bronchial-alveolar wash fluids from mice boosted by the i.t. route were higher than those seen in animals immunized by the oral or s.c. route with the microsphere vaccine. Mice immunized with the microencapsulated VEE virus vaccine were protected from lethal VEE virus infection following aerosol challenge at approximately three months after the initial immunization Mucosal immunization via the i.t. route appeared to be the most effective regimen, since 100% of the mice resisted aerosol challenge. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Alabama, Dept Microbiol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. So Res Inst, Pharmaceut Formulat Dept, Birmingham, AL 35255 USA. RP Michalek, SM (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Microbiol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. NR 47 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD AUG PY 1998 VL 16 IS 13 BP 1314 EP 1323 DI 10.1016/S0264-410X(98)00008-5 PG 10 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA ZY766 UT WOS:000074657400011 PM 9682396 ER PT J AU Efrima, S Bronk, BV AF Efrima, S Bronk, BV TI Silver colloids impregnating or coating bacteria SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Letter ID ENHANCED RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; SURFACE; SCATTERING; CHEMISTRY AB We produce silver nanocolloids selectively within and on Escherichia coli bacteria. Silver preferentially concentrates in the bacteria, distributes uniformly within them, or, alternatively, forms a rough coating over them. Oscillations in polarized light scattering vs scattering angle are more pronounced and shift to larger angles, compared to a control that has no silver. Very intense surface-enhanced Raman signals are observed for E. coli with a "wall colloid". The main bands can be associated with peptides and polysaccharides in the cell wall and its membrane. This work was extended to Gram-positive Bacillus megaterium. C1 Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Dept Chem, IL-84105 Beer Sheva, Israel. USAF, Res Lab, US ERDEC, SCBRD RT,E5951,APG, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Efrima, S (reprint author), Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Dept Chem, POB 653, IL-84105 Beer Sheva, Israel. EM efrima@bgumail.bgu.ac.il NR 31 TC 103 Z9 104 U1 4 U2 28 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5647 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD JUL 30 PY 1998 VL 102 IS 31 BP 5947 EP 5950 DI 10.1021/jp9813903 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 108QR UT WOS:000075277400002 ER PT J AU Dave, PR Duddu, R Li, JC Surapaneni, R Gilardi, R AF Dave, PR Duddu, R Li, JC Surapaneni, R Gilardi, R TI Photodimerization of N-acetyl-2-azetine: Synthesis of syn-diazatricyclooctane and anti-diazatricyclooctane (diaza-3-ladderane) SO TETRAHEDRON LETTERS LA English DT Article ID 2-AZETINES; ENAMIDES AB Photodimerization of N-acetyl-2-azetine to yield both possible head to head dimers with syn and anti geometries is described. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 ARDEC, Geoctr Inc, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. USA, ARDEC, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. USN, Res Lab, Struct Matter Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Dave, PR (reprint author), ARDEC, Geoctr Inc, Bldg 3028, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. NR 13 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0040-4039 J9 TETRAHEDRON LETT JI Tetrahedron Lett. PD JUL 30 PY 1998 VL 39 IS 31 BP 5481 EP 5484 DI 10.1016/S0040-4039(98)01138-1 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 100TP UT WOS:000074831700009 ER PT J AU Maring, DB Tavlykaev, RF Ramaswamy, RV Korkishko, YN Fedorov, VA Zavada, JM AF Maring, DB Tavlykaev, RF Ramaswamy, RV Korkishko, YN Fedorov, VA Zavada, JM TI Effect of crystal phases on refractive index profiles of annealed proton-exchanged waveguides in X-cut LiTaO3 SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID WAVE-GUIDES AB A complete structural phase diagram of annealed proton-exchanged X-cut LiTaO3 is presented, to relate refractive index change to proton-induced lattice deformation. From this diagram, explanations for the previously observed phenomena of index increase upon annealing and index decrease with increasing proton concentration (above a certain value) are derived. We have analyzed the evolution of index profiles during postexchange annealing, describing how the presence of multiple phases within a waveguide can lead to large index variations and buried index profiles. Finally, we identify at least two high-concentration phases that exhibit large temporal instabilities. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Photon Res Lab, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Moscow Inst Elect Technol, Dept Chem, Moscow 103498, Zelenograd, Russia. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Maring, DB (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Photon Res Lab, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RI Fedorov, Vyacheslav/L-7745-2014 OI Fedorov, Vyacheslav/0000-0003-2220-7144 NR 9 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUL 27 PY 1998 VL 73 IS 4 BP 423 EP 425 DI 10.1063/1.122220 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 105YJ UT WOS:000075102700001 ER PT J AU Keeble, DJ Krishnan, A Friessnegg, T Nielsen, B Madhukar, S Aggarwal, S Ramesh, R Poindexter, EH AF Keeble, DJ Krishnan, A Friessnegg, T Nielsen, B Madhukar, S Aggarwal, S Ramesh, R Poindexter, EH TI Vacancy defects in thin-film La(0.5)Sr(0.5)CoO(3-delta) observed by positron annihilation SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LA1-XSRXCOO3 AB Vacancy-related defects in laser ablated thin films of the conducting metal-oxide La(0.5)Sr(0.5)CoO(3-delta) were detected using a variable-energy positron beam. The nonstoichiometry, delta, was altered by varying the oxygen partial pressure within the deposition chamber present during cooling, Conductivity measurements confirmed the change in oxygen content. Increased positron trapping at vacancy defects was observed with increasing nonstoichiometry. It is proposed that vacancy clusters were present in the film cooled in 10(-5) Torr oxygen. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Dundee, Carnegie Lab Phys, Dundee DD1 4HN, Scotland. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Upton, NY 11793 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Nucl Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20742 USA. RP Keeble, DJ (reprint author), NEC Res Inst, Princeton, NJ 08450 USA. EM d.j.keeble@dundee.ac.uk RI Nielsen, Bent/B-7353-2009; Keeble, David /C-6633-2012 OI Nielsen, Bent/0000-0001-7016-0040; Keeble, David /0000-0002-5378-799X NR 16 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUL 27 PY 1998 VL 73 IS 4 BP 508 EP 510 DI 10.1063/1.121916 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 105YJ UT WOS:000075102700030 ER PT J AU Nagy, G Levy, M Scarmozzino, R Osgood, RM Dai, H Smalley, RE Michaels, CA Flynn, GW McLane, GF AF Nagy, G Levy, M Scarmozzino, R Osgood, RM Dai, H Smalley, RE Michaels, CA Flynn, GW McLane, GF TI Carbon nanotube tipped atomic force microscopy for measurement of < 100 nm etch morphology on semiconductors SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GAAS; RECONSTRUCTION; IMAGES; DAMAGE; STM AB The use of carbon nanotubes as tips in atomic force microscopy for a systematic study of dry etching pattern transfer in GaAs is described. The GaAs samples are patterned via electron beam lithography and then etched using magnetron reactive ion or chemically assisted ion beam processing. The technique allows diagnosis, in air, of etched features with scale sizes of <100 nm. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 Columbia Univ, Microelect Sci Labs, New York, NY 10027 USA. Rice Univ, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Houston, TX 77251 USA. Columbia Univ, Dept Chem, New York, NY 10027 USA. USA, Res Lab, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Nagy, G (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Microelect Sci Labs, New York, NY 10027 USA. NR 21 TC 70 Z9 70 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUL 27 PY 1998 VL 73 IS 4 BP 529 EP 531 DI 10.1063/1.122069 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 105YJ UT WOS:000075102700037 ER PT J AU Keeble, DJ Nielsen, B Krishnan, A Lynn, KG Madhukar, S Ramesh, R Young, CF AF Keeble, DJ Nielsen, B Krishnan, A Lynn, KG Madhukar, S Ramesh, R Young, CF TI Vacancy defects in (Pb, La)(Zr, Ti)O-3 capacitors observed by positron annihilation SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID (PB,LA)(ZR,TI)O-3 THIN-FILMS; SILICON; IMPRINT AB A study of vacancy-related defects in ferroelectric capacitors was performed using a variable energy positron beam (VEPB). Heterostructures of (Pb0.9La0.1)(Zr(0.2)Ti(0.8)O3) (PLZT) ferroelectric with La0.5Sr0.5CoO3 (LSCO) electrodes were deposited by pulsed laser deposition and the effects of oxygen deficiency studied using structures grown with 760 and 1 x 10(-5) Torr oxygen. The VEPB depth profile showed an increase in vacancy-related defects with increased oxygen nonstoichiometry. A study of LSCO and PLZT thin films was also performed. The formation of vacancy clusters in the LSCO top electrode, and V-Pb - V-O defects in the PLZT layer, with increased oxygen deficiency is inferred. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Dundee, Carnegie Lab Phys, Dundee DD1 4HN, Scotland. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Upton, NY 11793 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Nucl Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Keeble, DJ (reprint author), Univ Dundee, Carnegie Lab Phys, Dundee DD1 4HN, Scotland. EM d.j.keeble@dundee.ac.uk RI Nielsen, Bent/B-7353-2009; Keeble, David /C-6633-2012 OI Nielsen, Bent/0000-0001-7016-0040; Keeble, David /0000-0002-5378-799X NR 13 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUL 20 PY 1998 VL 73 IS 3 BP 318 EP 320 DI 10.1063/1.121820 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 108PX UT WOS:000075275600014 ER PT J AU Vispute, RD Talyansky, V Choopun, S Sharma, RP Venkatesan, T He, M Tang, X Halpern, JB Spencer, MG Li, YX Salamanca-Riba, LG Iliadis, AA Jones, KA AF Vispute, RD Talyansky, V Choopun, S Sharma, RP Venkatesan, T He, M Tang, X Halpern, JB Spencer, MG Li, YX Salamanca-Riba, LG Iliadis, AA Jones, KA TI Heteroepitaxy of ZnO on GaN and its implications for fabrication of hybrid optoelectronic devices SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB ZnO thin films have been grown heteroepitaxially on epi-GaN/sapphire (0001) substrates. Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy, ion channeling, and high resolution transmission electron microscopy studies revealed high-quality epitaxial growth of ZnO on GaN with an atomically sharp interface. The x-ray diffraction and ion channeling measurements indicate near perfect alignment of the ZnO epilayers on GaN as compared to those grown directly on sapphire (0001). Low-temperature cathodoluminescence studies also indicate high optical quality of these films presumably due to the close lattice match and stacking order between ZnO and GaN. Lattice-matched epitaxy and good luminescence properties of ZnO/GaN heterostructures are thus promising for ultraviolet lasers. These heterostructures demonstrate the feasibility of integrating hybrid ZnO/GaN optoelectronic devices. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, CSR, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Howard Univ, Mat Sci Res Ctr Excellence, Washington, DC 20095 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Mat & Nucl Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Elect Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Vispute, RD (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, CSR, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RI Salamanca-Riba, Lourdes/B-3785-2009; Venkatesan, Thirumalai/E-1667-2013; OI Salamanca-Riba, Lourdes/0000-0001-8155-6403; Choopun, Supab/0000-0001-8518-9014 NR 17 TC 350 Z9 384 U1 6 U2 56 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUL 20 PY 1998 VL 73 IS 3 BP 348 EP 350 DI 10.1063/1.121830 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 108PX UT WOS:000075275600024 ER PT J AU Carr, JK Salminen, MO Albert, J Sanders-Buell, E Gotte, D Birx, DL McCutchan, FE AF Carr, JK Salminen, MO Albert, J Sanders-Buell, E Gotte, D Birx, DL McCutchan, FE TI Full genome sequences of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtypes G and A/G intersubtype recombinants SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID GLYCOPROTEIN-120 CODING REGION; HIV-1 GENETIC SUBTYPES; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; AFRICAN ORIGIN; A STRAIN; DIVERSITY; IDENTIFICATION; NIGERIA AB Multiple genetic subtypes and intersubtype recombinant strains have been identified among isolates of HIV-I. The greatest diversity of strains has been recovered from Central Africa, where mixtures of subtypes and recombinant forms have been recovered. However, many of the HIV-l subtypes and recombinants have been characterized by partial rather than full-length genome sequencing. Here we report the first two virtually full-length genome sequences from HIV-I subtype G, isolated in Sweden and Finland but originating in Congo and Kenya, and from two Djibouti isolates sharing the A/G recombinant structure of Nigerian isolate, IbNG. By comparison with reference sequences of other subtypes, it appears that the subtype G strains are largely nonrecombinant, while the Djibouti strains show alternating segments from subtypes A and G. In the cytoplasmic domain of the gp41 protein of the Djibouti viruses the E, G, and IbNG strains form a single cluster, separate from subtype A, clouding the subtype origin of these particular segments. Within the resolution of current technology, the structure of the Djibouti strains is identical to that of IbNG, establishing for the first time the geographic spread of this recombinant in Africa. The geographic spread of the IbNG-like strains suggests that, like the subtype E recombinants, these should be given a specific name to facilitate future identification and tracking; the name "lbNG subtype" is proposed. (C) 1998 Academic Press. C1 Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD USA. Natl Publ Hlth Inst, Helsinki, Finland. Swedish Inst Infect Dis Control, Karolinska Inst, Stockholm, Sweden. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, Rockville, MD USA. RP Carr, JK (reprint author), 1600 E Gude Dr, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. RI Salminen, Mika/D-8784-2013 OI Salminen, Mika/0000-0003-3020-0866 NR 44 TC 176 Z9 188 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD JUL 20 PY 1998 VL 247 IS 1 BP 22 EP 31 DI 10.1006/viro.1998.9211 PG 10 WC Virology SC Virology GA 110HC UT WOS:000075374500004 PM 9683568 ER PT J AU Petka, WA Harden, JL McGrath, KP Wirtz, D Tirrell, DA AF Petka, WA Harden, JL McGrath, KP Wirtz, D Tirrell, DA TI Reversible hydrogels from self-assembling artificial proteins SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID GCN4 LEUCINE-ZIPPER; COILED-COILS; SEQUENCES; MODEL AB Recombinant DNA methods were used to create artificial proteins that undergo reversible gelation in response to changes in pH or temperature. The proteins consist of terminal Leucine zipper domains flanking a central, flexible, water-soluble polyelectrolyte segment. Formation of coiled-coil aggregates of the terminal domains in near-neutral aqueous solutions triggers formation of a three-dimensional polymer network, with the polyelectrolyte segment retaining solvent and preventing precipitation of the chain. Dissociation of the coiled-coil aggregates through elevation of pH or temperature causes dissolution of the gel and a return to the viscous behavior that is characteristic of polymer solutions. The mild conditions under which gel formation can be controlled (near-neutral pH and near-ambient temperature) suggest that these materials have potential in bioengineering applications requiring encapsulation or controlled release of molecular and cellular species. C1 Univ Massachusetts, Dept Polymer Sci & Engn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. USA, Sci & Technol Directorate, Natick Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Tirrell, DA (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Polymer Sci & Engn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RI Wirtz, Denis/A-3257-2010 NR 27 TC 738 Z9 754 U1 23 U2 246 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JUL 17 PY 1998 VL 281 IS 5375 BP 389 EP 392 DI 10.1126/science.281.5375.389 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 102HR UT WOS:000074918800040 PM 9665877 ER PT J AU Hill, SC Barnes, MD Lermer, N Whitten, WB Ramsey, JM AF Hill, SC Barnes, MD Lermer, N Whitten, WB Ramsey, JM TI Simulation of single-molecule photocount statistics in microdroplets SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CONFOCAL FLUORESCENCE MICROSCOPY; LEVITATED MICRODROPLETS; CHEMICAL-ANALYSIS; BIOTECHNOLOGY; RHODAMINE-6G; DIFFUSION; MODEL AB We present results of detailed calculations of photocount statistics for single molecules in microdroplets. A Monte Carlo approach is used to simulate effects of molecular occupancy, photobleaching, and fluorophor spatial diffusion within the droplet. The excitation rate and fraction of fluorescence collected are both position-dependent, and are computed using classical and semiclassical formalisms. Differences in the single-molecule photocount distributions (and consequently molecular detection efficiencies) are predicted for cases where the RMS diffusion length is either small or large compared to the droplet diameter on the measurement time scale. These calculations provide semiquantitative estimates of molecular detection efficiencies and illustrate some of the unique optical features of a microdroplet approach to single molecule detection. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Barnes, MD (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 44 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD JUL 15 PY 1998 VL 70 IS 14 BP 2964 EP 2971 DI 10.1021/ac971319d PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 100RP UT WOS:000074829400029 ER PT J AU Svizhenko, A Bandyopadhyay, S Stroscio, MA AF Svizhenko, A Bandyopadhyay, S Stroscio, MA TI The effect of acoustic phonon confinement on the momentum and energy relaxation of hot carriers in quantum wires SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article AB The momentum and energy relaxation rates associated with electron-acoustic phonon interaction in a free-standing rectangular GaAs quantum wire have been calculated taking into account confined and interface phonon modes. Phonon confinement has two major consequences: (i) it increases relaxation rates by several orders of magnitude, and (ii) it increases the ratio of absorption to emission processes in narrow intervals of energy thereby making the energy relaxation rate in these intervals negative. An external magnetic field always decreases the momentum relaxation rate (thus increasing the carrier mobility) even though the scattering rate (the inverse of the quasi-particle lifetime) may increase or decrease depending on whether the interaction is polar (piezoelectric) or non-polar (deformation potential). C1 Univ Nebraska, Dept Elect Engn, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Svizhenko, A (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Elect Engn, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. NR 6 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD JUL 13 PY 1998 VL 10 IS 27 BP 6091 EP 6104 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/10/27/010 PG 14 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 105YD UT WOS:000075102200010 ER PT J AU Osgard, E Jackson, JL Strong, J AF Osgard, E Jackson, JL Strong, J TI A randomized trial comparing three methods of bowel preparation for flexible sigmoidoscopy SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID ELECTROLYTE LAVAGE; PHOSPHATE; ENEMA AB Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the optimum method of bowel preparation for flexible sigmoidoscopy. Methods: A total of 164 adults undergoing flexible sigmoidoscopy at an ambulatory clinic were randomized to receive one of three preparations: a single hyperphosphate enema Ih before the procedure; a hyperphosphate enema given 1 and 2 h before the procedure; or a hyperphosphate enema administered 1 and 2 h before the procedure, preceded by a 296 mi bottle of magnesium citrate taken p.o. the night before. Patients completed surveys on preparation and procedure comfort and satisfaction. The performing endoscopist assessed preparation quality, procedure duration, and depth of sigmoidoscope insertion. Results: All three preparations were equally well tolerated with slightly more diarrhea reported among patients receiving magnesium citrate (p = 0.007). The addition of magnesium citrate resulted in more procedures rated by the endoscopist as excellent or good (RR 1.5, 95% CI: 1.3-1.9), deeper sigmoidoscope insertion (56 vs 51 cm, p 0.0036), fewer procedures requiring repeat preparation (RR: 0.21, 95% CI: 0.04-0.98) and more procedures rated by patients as discomfort free (RR: 2.2, 95% CI: 1.39-3.60). Excellent and good preparations were associated with shorter procedure duration (19 vs 14 min, p = 0.008) and greater depth of insertion (56 vs 50 cm, p = 0.003). Fewer diverticuli were noted with a single enema than the two enema preparation (p = 0.006) with the remaining outcomes equal between these two groups. Conclusion: The addition of bottle of magnesium citrate to a 2-hyperphosphate enema preparation is well tolerated and improves bowel preparation for flexible sigmoidoscopy. (C) 1998 by Am. Cell. of Gastroenterology. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Gastroenterol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. RP Osgard, E (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Gastroenterol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 13 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 93 IS 7 BP 1126 EP 1130 PG 5 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA ZZ949 UT WOS:000074785600023 PM 9672343 ER PT J AU Moul, JW AF Moul, JW TI Treatment options for prostate cancer: Part 1 - Stage, grade, PSA, and changes in the 1990s SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MANAGED CARE LA English DT Article C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Serv Urol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Moul, JW (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 12 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MED PUBLISHING, M W C COMPANY PI OLD BRIDGE PA 1816 ENGLISHTOWN RD, STE 101, OLD BRIDGE, NJ 08857 USA SN 1088-0224 J9 AM J MANAG CARE JI Am. J. Manag. Care PD JUL PY 1998 VL 4 IS 7 BP 1031 EP 1036 PG 6 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 107JZ UT WOS:000075205800007 ER PT J AU Balaraman, V Meister, J Ku, TL Sood, SL Tam, E Killeen, J Uyehara, CFT Egan, E Easa, D AF Balaraman, V Meister, J Ku, TL Sood, SL Tam, E Killeen, J Uyehara, CFT Egan, E Easa, D TI Lavage administration of dilute surfactants after acute lung injury in neonatal piglets SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID RESPIRATORY-DISTRESS-SYNDROME; EXOGENOUS SURFACTANT; INFANTS; FAILURE; MODEL; EXOSURF(R); ALVEOLAR; RABBITS; SEPSIS AB Exogenous surfactant therapy is not standard in the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) because of a lack of proven benefit. Nonuniform surfactant distribution after either bolus or aerosol administration may be an important factor limiting response. In a previous study of acute lung injury, we demonstrated that lavage administration of Exosurf (13.5 mg phospholipid/ml) was both effective and distributed uniformly in the lungs. Since the endogenous surfactant pool is much smaller than the typical dose of exogenous surfactant administered, we hypothesized that dilute surfactant preparations (44.5 mg phospholipid/ml) administered by lung lavage would be equally effective in reversing pulmonary dysfunction in a piglet model of acute lung injury. We compared three dilute surfactants: Infasurf (n = 5), KL4-Surfactant (n = 6), and Exosurf (n = 5) with controls (n = 6) and undiluted Exosurf (13.5 mg phospholipid/ml; n = 6). All dilute surfactant preparations were effective in improving oxygenation and other parameters of pulmonary function. Surfactant administered by lavage resulted in uniform lung distribution. We conclude that dilute surfactants administered by lung lavage are effective in reversing pulmonary dysfunction after acute lung injury. We speculate that doses in the range of 20-40 mg phospholipid/kg may be adequate to improve lung function in ARDS when exogenously administered surfactant is uniformly distributed in the lung. C1 Kapiolani Med Ctr Women & Children, Clin Res Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96826 USA. Univ Hawaii, John A Burns Sch Med, Dept Pediat Med & Pathol, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Honolulu, HI USA. SUNY Buffalo, Dept Pediat & Physiol, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. RP Easa, D (reprint author), Kapiolani Med Ctr Women & Children, Clin Res Ctr, 1319 Punahou St, Honolulu, HI 96826 USA. EM davide@kapiolani.org FU NCRR NIH HHS [P20 RR/AI 11091] NR 24 TC 44 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER LUNG ASSOC PI NEW YORK PA 1740 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10019 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 158 IS 1 BP 12 EP 17 PG 6 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA ZZ451 UT WOS:000074730700003 PM 9655700 ER PT J AU Temple, HT Kuklo, TR Sweet, DE Gibbons, CLMH Murphey, MD AF Temple, HT Kuklo, TR Sweet, DE Gibbons, CLMH Murphey, MD TI Rectus femoris muscle tear appearing as a pseudotumor SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID RESONANCE AB Quadriceps muscle strains are common sporting injuries, but occasionally a tear of the rectus femoris muscle can appear as a soft tissue mass of the anterior thigh with or without a significant history of trauma. Between 1992 and 1996, seven patients were referred to the Orthopaedic Oncology Unit at Waiter Reed Army Medical Center with an unexplained soft tissue mass of the thigh. Three were active duty soldiers, three were military dependents, and one was a retired serviceman. All patients were men, and the mean age was 32 years (range, 15 to 73). A palpable, mildly tender mass was confirmed on clinical examination. Laboratory studies and plain radiographs were normal. Magnetic resonance imaging showed an obvious, but often ill-defined, lesion at the musculotendinous junction of the rectus femoris muscle. Four patients subsequently underwent a tissue biopsy to rule out a soft tissue sarcoma. Histologic studies showed fibrosis, degeneration of muscle fibers, and chronic inflammatory cells with no evidence of malignancy. A chronic rectus femoris muscle tear can mimic a soft tissue tumor or sarcoma and needs to be excluded in the differential diagnosis. These tears may occur acutely or may represent an overuse injury caused by repeated microtrauma. Careful history taking, physical examination, and selective radiographic studies, specifically magnetic resonance imaging, can confirm the diagnosis of muscle tear and full functional recovery can be anticipated. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Temple, HT (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Orthopaed Surg, McKim Hall,Box 159, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA. NR 11 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER ORTHOPAEDIC SOC SPORT MED PI WALTHAM PA 230 CALVARY STREET, WALTHAM, MA 02154 USA SN 0363-5465 J9 AM J SPORT MED JI Am. J. Sports Med. PD JUL-AUG PY 1998 VL 26 IS 4 BP 544 EP 548 PG 5 WC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences SC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences GA 103EV UT WOS:000075146000013 PM 9689376 ER PT J AU Oberste, MS Fraire, M Navarro, R Zepeda, C Zarate, ML Ludwig, GV Kondig, JF Weaver, SC Smith, JF Rico-Hesse, R AF Oberste, MS Fraire, M Navarro, R Zepeda, C Zarate, ML Ludwig, GV Kondig, JF Weaver, SC Smith, JF Rico-Hesse, R TI Association of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus subtype IE with two equine epizootics in Mexico SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID SOUTH-AMERICA; ENCEPHALOMYELITIS; GUATEMALA; MUTATIONS; ANTIBODY; VACCINE; COMPLEX; NSP3 AB Two outbreaks of encephalitis consistent with an etiology of Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) virus occurred in equines on the Pacific coast of southern Mexico in 1993 (Chiapas State) and in 1996 (Oaxaca State). In Chiapas, there were 125 cases, of which 63 were fatal and in Oaxaca, there were 32 cases and 12 fatalities. Virus was isolated from two horses from each outbreak, including three brain isolates and one from blood. Virus isolates (93-42124, ISET-Chi93, Oax131, and Oax142) were shown by indirect immunofluorescence, hemagglutination inhibition, monoclonal antibody ELISA, and nucleotide sequencing to be VEE virus, subtype LE, a type previously thought to be equine-avirulent. Genetic characterization and phylogenetic analysis indicated that the outbreak viruses were identical or nearly identical to one another and that they were closely related to equine-avirulent LE strains from Guatemala and the Gulf coast of Mexico. In a plaque-reduction neutralization test, sera collected from healthy horses in Chiapas and Oaxaca reacted significantly better with isolate 93-42124 than with Guatemala IE isolate 68U201, suggesting that subtle genetic changes may have resulted in alteration of neutralization domains. It is not clear whether these differences may also influence equine virulence. However, renewed VEE virus subtype IE activity in Mexico, and its apparent conversion to equine virulence, underscores the need for increased surveillance, additional laboratory and epidemiologic studies in VEE-endemic regions, and possibly new vaccines. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. US Mexico Exot Anim Dis Commiss, Mexico City 05110, DF, Mexico. US Mexico Exot Anim Dis Commiss, Tuxtla Gutierrez, Chiapas, Mexico. Inst Salud & Enfermedades Trop, Mexico City 11340, DF, Mexico. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Univ Texas, Med Branch, Ctr Trop Dis, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. Univ Texas, Med Branch, Dept Pathol, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. SW Fdn Biomed Res, Dept Virol & Immunol, San Antonio, TX 78245 USA. RP Oberste, MS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Mailstop G-17,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RI Rico-Hesse, Rebeca/C-5294-2011; Weaver, Scott/D-6490-2011 OI Rico-Hesse, Rebeca/0000-0001-6216-1000; FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI-01124] NR 37 TC 48 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DRIVE SUITE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 59 IS 1 BP 100 EP 107 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA ZZ953 UT WOS:000074786000020 PM 9684636 ER PT J AU Sundar, S Sinha, PR Agrawal, NK Srivastava, R Rainey, PM Berman, JD Murray, HW Singh, VP AF Sundar, S Sinha, PR Agrawal, NK Srivastava, R Rainey, PM Berman, JD Murray, HW Singh, VP TI A cluster of cases of severe cardiotoxicity among kala-azar patients treated with a high-osmolarity lot of sodium antimony gluconate SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID STIBOGLUCONATE PENTOSTAM; LEISHMANIASIS AB In India, sodium antimony gluconate is the drug of choice for kala-azar. Due to increasing unresponsiveness to this drug in the current epidemic that began in the early 1970s, daily doses of 20 mg/kg/day for 30 days or more is recommended as opposed to che 10 mg/kg/day dose for 6-10 days used in the past. Of the 130-150 patients treated annually at our center with locally made sodium antimony gluconate, serious cardiotoxicity has occurred in less than 10%. During April 1995 at the University Hospital in Varanasi, we encountered life-threatening cardiotoxicity after 3-28 days of therapy in each of the eight patients being treated with a new lot of this drug made by a different manufacturer. Of the eight patients, six each developed congestive heart failure and/or prolongation of the corrected QT interval (QTc), and three died as a direct consequence of drug-induced toxicities. In three instances, the life-threatening complications occurred with a cumulative dose of less than 300 mg/kg. In patients with prolonged QTc, ventricular premature beats and ventricular tachycardia were recorded; in one patient, the ventricular tachycardia progressed to torsade de pointes, culminating in ventricular fibrillation and death. Since switching to different lots of this drug, we have not seen further clustering of dangerous cardiotoxicity. The antimony content of the implicated drug was comparable with that in lots from other manufacturers that did not show overt toxicity, but the osmolarity was approximately 300 mOsm/L higher. The simple technique of measuring of osmolarity may help identify inappropriately manufactured drug. C1 Banaras Hindu Univ, Inst Med Sci, Kala Azar Med Res Ctr, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India. Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Lab Med, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Kensington, MD 20895 USA. Cornell Univ, Med Ctr, Coll Med, Dept Med, New York, NY 10021 USA. RP Sundar, S (reprint author), Banaras Hindu Univ, Inst Med Sci, Kala Azar Med Res Ctr, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India. NR 18 TC 60 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DRIVE SUITE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 59 IS 1 BP 139 EP 143 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA ZZ953 UT WOS:000074786000026 PM 9684642 ER PT J AU Rothenberg, ML Sharma, A Weiss, GR Villalona-Calero, MA Eckardt, JR Aylesworth, C Kraynak, MA Rinaldi, DA Rodriguez, GI Burris, HA Eckhardt, SG Stephens, CD Forral, K Nicol, SJ Von Hoff', DD AF Rothenberg, ML Sharma, A Weiss, GR Villalona-Calero, MA Eckardt, JR Aylesworth, C Kraynak, MA Rinaldi, DA Rodriguez, GI Burris, HA Eckhardt, SG Stephens, CD Forral, K Nicol, SJ Von Hoff', DD TI Phase I trial of paclitaxel and gemcitabine administered every two weeks in patients with refractory solid tumors SO ANNALS OF ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE gemcitabine; paclitaxel; phase I ID CELL LUNG-CANCER; RESISTANCE; CISPLATIN; THERAPY; VITRO; TAXOL AB Purpose. Paclitaxel and gemcitabine possess broad spectra of clinical activity, distinct mechanisms of cytotoxicity, and are differentially affected by mutations in cell-cycle regulatory proteins, such as bcl-2. This phase I trial was designed to identify the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and dose limiting toxicities (DLT) of paclitaxel and gemcitabine when both drugs were given together on a once-every-two-week schedule in patients with solid tumors. Patients and methods. A total of 37 patients were treated at nine different dose levels ranging from paclitaxel 75-175 mg/m(2) administered over three hours followed by gemcitabine 1500-3500 mg/m(2) administered over 30-60 minutes. Both drugs were administered on day 1 of a 14-day cycle. Dose escalation was performed in a stepwise manner in which the dose of one drug was escalated while the dose of the other drug was kept constant. Results: Dose limiting toxicity (DLT) was observed at dose level 9: paclitaxel 175 mg/m(2) and gemcitabine 3500 mg/m(2) in the form of grade 4 neutropenia lasting for greater than or equal to 5 days (one patient) and grade 3 elevation of alanine aminotransferase (AST/SGPT) (one patient). An analysis of delivered dose intensity (DI) over the first three cycles revealed that higher dosages of both drugs were delivered at dose level 7, paclitaxel 150 mg/m(2) and gemcitabine 3000 mg/m(2) dose level, than at the MTD, dose level 8, paclitaxel 150 mg/m(2) and gemcitabine 3500 mg/m(2). Partial responses were confirmed in two patients with transitional cell carcinoma (one of the bladder, one of the renal pelvis) and in one patient with adenocarcinoma of unknown primary. Conclusions: Paclitaxel and gemcitabine is a promising drug combination that can be administered safely and repetitively on an every-other-week schedule. Using this drug administration schedule, the recommended phase II dose is paclitaxel 150 mg/m(2) and gemcitabine 3000 mg/mg(2). C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Canc Therapy & Res Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Eli Lilly & Co, Lilly Res Labs, Indianapolis, IN 46285 USA. RP Rothenberg, ML (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Div Med Oncol, Vanderbilt Clin 1956, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. NR 19 TC 66 Z9 66 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0923-7534 J9 ANN ONCOL JI Ann. Oncol. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 9 IS 7 BP 733 EP 738 DI 10.1023/A:1008286908930 PG 6 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 111QC UT WOS:000075448300012 PM 9739439 ER PT J AU Eiseman, AS AF Eiseman, AS TI Multiple myeloma presenting with acute unilateral loss of vision SO ANNALS OF OPHTHALMOLOGY & GLAUCOMA LA English DT Article AB Multiple myeloma rarely presents with visual loss as the initial manifestation. This case emphasizes the importance of recognizing visual loss as a possible initial manifestation of multiple myeloma. If also emphasizes the need for an expeditions and complete systemic evaluation of patients with hyperviscosity retinopathy even if the patient is otherwise asymptomatic. If multiple myeloma is diagnosed, therapy can rapidly normalize serum viscosity and retinopathy. C1 Dwight David Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Ft Gordon, GA USA. RP Eiseman, AS (reprint author), 4510 Guildford Court, Evans, GA 30809 USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CONTEMPORARY OPHTHALMOLOGY PI SKOKIE PA 4711 GOLF RD, SUITE 408, SKOKIE, IL 60076-1242 USA SN 1079-4794 J9 ANN OPHTHALMOL GLAUC JI Ann. Ophthalmol. Glaucoma PD JUL-AUG PY 1998 VL 30 IS 4 BP 213 EP 214 PG 2 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 105DU UT WOS:000075058100007 ER PT J AU Allen, PJ Stojadinovic, A Shriver, CD Jaques, DP AF Allen, PJ Stojadinovic, A Shriver, CD Jaques, DP TI Contributions from surgeons to clinical trials and research on the management of soft tissue sarcoma SO ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE soft tissue sarcoma; surgery; clinical research; prospective randomized trial ID PROSPECTIVE RANDOMIZED TRIAL; GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY GROUP; ADJUVANT CHEMOTHERAPY; PHASE-III; COMBINATION CHEMOTHERAPY; EUROPEAN-ORGANIZATION; UTERINE SARCOMAS; DOXORUBICIN; EXTREMITY; ADRIAMYCIN AB Background: Surgical resection is the primary treatment for soft tissue sarcoma. Surgeons are in a position to develop and define appropriate treatment strategies for this disease. In an effort to define the contributions of surgeons to the management of sarcoma, the surgical and clinical oncology literature from January 1983 through June 1996 was reviewed. Methods: A computerized literature search of the Cancerlit database for January 1983 to June 1996 was performed. The search was limited to the topic of soft tissue sarcoma and was further confined to 15 journals that publish articles relevant to surgical management. These studies were then categorized by multiple parameters and analyzed. Results: The Cancerlit file contained 4478 articles in which sarcoma was the primary topic. When the search was limited to 15 journals frequently read by surgeons, 479 references (11%) were retrieved. Within the surgical literature, 95 of the 479 articles (20%) described prospective studies, of which 33 were prospective and randomized. These studies represent all but three of the prospective randomized trials within the literature during the time period reviewed. The management of patients with sarcoma was evaluated in 26 of the prospective randomized trials; of these, 13 trials evaluated adjuvant chemotherapy, three evaluated adjuvant radiotherapy, and ten evaluated the chemotherapeutic treatment of metastatic disease. Surgical oncologists were the first or senior author on 10 of the 16 prospective randomized studies regarding adjuvant radiation or chemotherapy. Four of the 16 trials evaluating adjuvant therapy contained more than 100 patients, and three of those four were from cooperative group efforts. All but one of the studies of adjuvant therapy with less than 100 patients were from single institutional trials. Conclusions: Although the surgical and clinical oncology literature on soft tissue sarcoma is composed primarily of retrospective reviews, the prospective randomized trials reported represent almost all of the randomized trials in the literature and have significant contributions from surgeons. Surgeons can guide and design clinical trials, but overall patient accrual as represented by soft tissue sarcoma is low, and may be improved through cooperative group efforts. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Jaques, DP (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 38 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1068-9265 J9 ANN SURG ONCOL JI Ann. Surg. Oncol. PD JUL-AUG PY 1998 VL 5 IS 5 BP 437 EP 441 DI 10.1007/BF02303862 PG 5 WC Oncology; Surgery SC Oncology; Surgery GA 107PL UT WOS:000075217700008 PM 9718173 ER PT J AU Martin, SK Thuita-Harun, L Adoyo-Adoyo, M Wasunna, KM AF Martin, SK Thuita-Harun, L Adoyo-Adoyo, M Wasunna, KM TI A diagnostic ELISA for visceral leishmaniasis, based on antigen from media conditioned by Leishmania donovani promastigotes SO ANNALS OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; RECOMBINANT ANTIGEN; EXCRETED FACTOR; SELECTION; ANTIBODY; CHAGASI; KINESIN; PROTEIN AB Leishmania donovani promastigotes were cultured in a protein-free medium for 3-5 days and the spent medium used to prepare antibody-detection ELISA plates. When the plates were used to test 29 Kenyan and 16 Nepalese patients with visceral leishmaniasis (VL; kala-azar), all the sera collected at diagnosis were found to have high levels of parasite-specific IgG. The levels of these antibodies dropped 6-12 months post-initiation of antileishmanial therapy in all but one of the patients. Although the levels in sera from 59% of the treated patients fell to those measured in sera from healthy controls, those in sera from 17% of the patients did not drop below those seen at diagnosis. The antigen used did not cross-react with sera from patients with parasitological diagnosis of malaria, filariasis, African trypanosomiasis or echinococcosis. Antibodies to antigens in the spent medium were detected, by western blot, in all the sera from Nepalese patients with VL. Promastigote-conditioned media could be the source of cheap antigen for the immunodiagnosis of leishmaniasis. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Georgetown Univ, Dept Biol, Washington, DC 20007 USA. Kenya Med Res Inst, Clin Res Ctr, Nairobi, Kenya. RP Martin, SK (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Bldg 40,Room B083, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 19 TC 27 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 1 PU CARFAX PUBL CO PI ABINGDON PA PO BOX 25, ABINGDON, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND OX14 3UE SN 0003-4983 J9 ANN TROP MED PARASIT JI Ann. Trop. Med. Parasitol. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 92 IS 5 BP 571 EP 577 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 103PM UT WOS:000074967100005 PM 9797830 ER PT J AU Elashvili, I Defrank, JJ Culotta, VC AF Elashvili, I Defrank, JJ Culotta, VC TI phnE and glpT genes enhance utilization of organophosphates in Escherichia coli K-12 SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ANAEROBIC SN-GLYCEROL-3-PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; LYASE ACTIVITY; PSID LOCUS; P-I; PHOSPHORUS; TRANSPORT; REGULON; METABOLISM; PHOSPHATE AB Wild-type Escherichia coli K-12 strain JA221 grows poorly on low concentrations (less than or equal to 1 mM) of diisopropyl fluorophosphate and its hydrolysis product, diisopropyl phosphate (DIPP), as sole phosphorus sources, Spontaneous organophosphate utilization (OPU) mutants were isolated that efficiently utilized these alternate sources of phosphate, A genomic library was constructed from one such OPU mutant, and two genes were isolated that conferred the OPU phenotype to strain JA221 upon transformation. These genes were identified as phnE and glpT, The original OPU mutation represented phnE gene activation and corresponded to the same 8-bp unit deletion from the cryptic wild-type E, coli K-12 phnE gene that has been shown previously to result in phnE activation. In comparison, sequence analysis revealed that the observed OPU phenotype conferred by the glpT gene was not the result of a mutation. PCR clones of glpT from both the mutant and the wild type were found to confer the OPU phenotype to JA221 when they were present on the high-copy-number pUC19 plasmid but not when they were present on the low-copy-number pWSK29 plasmid, This suggests that the OPU phenotype associated with the glpT gene is the result of amplification and overproduction of the glpT gene product. Both the active phnE and multicopy glpT genes facilitated effective metabolism of low concentrations of DIPP, whereas only the active phnE gene could confer the ability to break down a chromogenic substrate, 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indoxyl phosphate-p-toluidine (X-P-i), This result indicates that in E, coli, X-P-i is transported exclusively by the Phn system, whereas DIPP (or its metabolite) may be transported by both Phn and Glp systems. C1 USA, Edgewood Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Res & Technol Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ Hosp, Sch Hyg & Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. RP Elashvili, I (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Res & Technol Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 55 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 64 IS 7 BP 2601 EP 2608 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA ZY646 UT WOS:000074644700042 PM 9647836 ER PT J AU Chervinsky, AB Ommaya, AK deJonge, M Spector, J Schwab, K Salazar, AM AF Chervinsky, AB Ommaya, AK deJonge, M Spector, J Schwab, K Salazar, AM TI Motivation for traumatic brain injury rehabilitation questionnaire (MOT-Q): Reliability, factor analysis, and relationship to MMPI-2 variables SO ARCHIVES OF CLINICAL NEUROPSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HEAD-INJURY; IMPACT AB A Likert scale questionnaire was developed to assess motivation for postacute rehabilitation by traumatic brain injury patients. Items were designed to reflect head-injured individuals' statements about their attitudes toward head injury rehabilitation. Factors such as denial of illness, anger, compliance with treatment, and medical information seeking behavior were used to assess unfavorable and favorable components of motivation. Reliability was assessed using Cronbach's Alpha, which was found to be 0.91 for the total scale. Four factor analysis derived subscales were identified: Lack of Denial, Interest in Rehabilitation, Lack of Anger, and Reliance on Professional Help. Correlation and multiple regression analyses demonstrated moderate relationships between MOT-Q and several MMPI-2 variables largely related to indicators of somatic distress, depression and capacity for self-sufficiency. Lack of Denial subscale showed the strongest relationship to MMPI-2 of all MOT-Q variables, while Interest in Rehabilitation showed the best correlation to the MOT-Q total. (C) 1998 National Academy of Neuropsychology. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Def & Vet Head Injury Program, Washington, DC USA. RP Chervinsky, AB (reprint author), 492 Henry St,2F, Brooklyn, NY 11231 USA. NR 33 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0887-6177 J9 ARCH CLIN NEUROPSYCH JI Arch. Clin. Neuropsychol. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 13 IS 5 BP 433 EP 446 DI 10.1016/S0887-6177(97)00016-4 PG 14 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychology SC Psychology GA ZU448 UT WOS:000074198000003 PM 14590608 ER PT J AU Teschan, PE AF Teschan, PE TI Hemodialysis in military casualties SO ASAIO JOURNAL LA English DT Article C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Surg Res Unit, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Teschan, PE (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Surg Res Unit, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1058-2916 J9 ASAIO J JI Asaio J. PD JUL-AUG PY 1998 VL 44 IS 4 BP 260 EP 262 PG 3 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Transplantation SC Engineering; Transplantation GA ZZ739 UT WOS:000074762300006 PM 9682950 ER PT J AU Vories, AA Ramirez, SG Dickerson, EE AF Vories, AA Ramirez, SG Dickerson, EE TI The effects of the M40 protective mask on sleep SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID PERFORMANCE; EXERCISE AB There are very few data available on the effects of respiratory protective masks on sleep. This study was to undertaken to investigate the effects of the M-40 protective mask on sleep architecture. We asked 21 healthy volunteers (18-35 yr) to participate in a two-night study. During the first night, subjects underwent standard polysomnography without the M40 mask. The second night entailed sleeping while wearing the mask, without the hood. Specific variables measured on each night included sleep stage distribution, time awake, number of awakenings, oxygen saturation, number of apneas and hypopneas, and time to sleep onset. Statistical analysis was performed using a two-tailed, paired t-test for all variables except REM sleep, for which a one-tailed, paired t-test was used. There was a significant difference between mask and nonmask nights when measuring total sleep time, total awake time, percentage of time in REM, and number of awakenings. It is concluded that sleep in the M40 mask is disrupted compared to sleep without the mask, with significant decreases in total sleep time and REM sleep. C1 Womack Army Med Ctr, Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg Serv, Ft Bragg, NC 28307 USA. RP Vories, AA (reprint author), Womack Army Med Ctr, Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg Serv, Ft Bragg, NC 28307 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 69 IS 7 BP 684 EP 686 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA ZZ731 UT WOS:000074761500010 PM 9681375 ER PT J AU McShane, LM Kulldorff, M Wargovich, MJ Woods, C Purewal, M Freedman, LS Corle, DK Burt, RW Mateski, DJ Lawson, M Lanza, E O'Brien, B Lake, W Moler, J Schatzkin, A AF McShane, LM Kulldorff, M Wargovich, MJ Woods, C Purewal, M Freedman, LS Corle, DK Burt, RW Mateski, DJ Lawson, M Lanza, E O'Brien, B Lake, W Moler, J Schatzkin, A TI An evaluation of rectal mucosal proliferation measure variability sources in the polyp prevention trial: Can we detect informative differences among individuals' proliferation measures amid the noise? SO CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION LA English DT Article ID EPITHELIAL-CELL PROLIFERATION; CONTROLLED CLINICAL-TRIAL; NUCLEAR ANTIGEN; CALCIUM; CANCER; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY AB We assessed components of total variability of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdUrd) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) assays of rectal mucosal proliferation in a subset of 390 participants from the U, S, National Cancer Institute's multicenter Polyp Prevention Trial. Biopsies were blindly double-scored by two technicians. For those participants for whom at least one evaluable biopsy was obtained, a mean of 2.0 and 2.6 biopsies, and 6.2 and 8.7 crypts/biopsy were evaluated, respectively, with the BrdUrd and PCNA assays, Factors such as clinical center, scorer, and month of biopsy collection significantly affected the observed values of the labeling index (LI) and proliferative height (PH), Therefore, it is essential to control or adjust for these variables in proliferation studies. Sources of random variation for LI and PH measures remaining after the aforementioned factors include between-participant variation and several sources of within-participant variation, including variation over time, between biopsies, and between multiple measurements on the same biopsy. Both LI and PH measurements exhibited substantial variability over time, between biopsies, and from reading-to-reading of the same biopsy. When other sources of variability have been accounted for, the PCNA LI seems to have little between-participant variation. This brings into question its utility as a marker in colorectal cancer studies. The PCNA PH showed significant between-participant variability and may hold some promise as a useful marker in colorectal cancer studies. Results for BrdUrd were less conclusive, The BrdUrd LI showed marginally significant between-participant variation, whereas the corresponding variation for PH was nonsignificant. C1 NCI, Biotmetr Res Branch, CTEP, DCTD, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. MD Anderson Cancer Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132 USA. Kaiser Permanente Med Ctr, Sacramento, CA 95825 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. WESTAT Corp, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Informat Management Serv, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. RP McShane, LM (reprint author), NCI, Biotmetr Res Branch, CTEP, DCTD, Execut Plaza N,Room 739,6130 Execut Blvd MSC 7434, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RI Kulldorff, Martin/H-4282-2011; OI Kulldorff, Martin/0000-0002-5284-2993; Moler, James/0000-0001-8738-6898 NR 25 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI BIRMINGHAM PA PO BOX 11806, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35202 USA SN 1055-9965 J9 CANCER EPIDEM BIOMAR JI Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 7 IS 7 BP 605 EP 612 PG 8 WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA ZZ309 UT WOS:000074716500008 PM 9681529 ER PT J AU Liossis, SNC Tsokos, GC AF Liossis, SNC Tsokos, GC TI Cellular immunity in osteoarthritis: Novel concepts for an old disease SO CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC LABORATORY IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS PATIENTS; MYELIN BASIC-PROTEIN; RECEPTOR-BETA-CHAIN; T-CELLS; ANTIGEN RECEPTOR; INTERFERON-GAMMA; EXPANSION; LYMPHOCYTES; CARCINOMA; CYTOKINES C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Clin Physiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Tsokos, GC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Clin Physiol, 14th & Dahlia St NW,Bldg 40,Rm 3078, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 36 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 1071-412X J9 CLIN DIAGN LAB IMMUN JI Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 5 IS 4 BP 427 EP 429 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA ZY123 UT WOS:000074588900002 PM 9665943 ER PT J AU Ching, WM Wang, H Eamsila, C Kelly, DJ Dasch, GA AF Ching, WM Wang, H Eamsila, C Kelly, DJ Dasch, GA TI Expression and refolding of truncated recombinant major outer membrane protein antigen (r56) of Orientia tsutsugamushi and its use in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays SO CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC LABORATORY IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; HIGH-LEVEL EXPRESSION; RICKETTSIA-TSUTSUGAMUSHI; SCRUB TYPHUS; IDENTIFICATION; SERODIAGNOSIS; STRAIN; GENE; CLASSIFICATION; AMPLIFICATION AB The variable 56-kDa major outer membrane protein of Orientia tsutsugamushi is the immunodominant antigen in human scrub typhus infections. The gene encoding this protein from Karp strain was cloned into the expression vector pET11a. The recombinant protein (r56) was expressed as a truncated nonfusion protein (amino acids 80 to 456 of the open reading frame) which formed an inclusion body when expressed in Escherichia coli BL21. Refolded r56 was purified and compared to purified whole-cell lysate of the Karp strain of O. tsutsltgamushi by immunoglobulin G (IgG) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for reactivity with rabbit sera prepared against eight antigenic prototypes of O. tsutsugamushi as well as several other species of Rickettsiales and nonrickettsial antigens. Refolded r56 exhibited broad reactivity with the rabbit antisera against the Orientia prototypes, and the ELISA reactions with the r56 and Karp whole-cell lysate antigens correlated well (r = 0.81, n = 22, sensitivity compared to that of standard ELISA of 91%). Refolded r56 did not react with most antisera against other rickettsial species or control antigens (specificity = 92%, n = 13) using a positive cutoff value determined with eight uninfected rabbit sera. Refolded r56 was evaluated further by ELISA, using 128 sera obtained from patients with suspected scrub typhus from Korat, Thailand, and 74 serum specimens from healthy Thai soldiers. By using the indirect immunoperoxidase assay as the reference assay, the recombinant antigen exhibited a sensitivity and specificity of 93% or greater for detection of both IgG and IgM in the ELISA at 1:400 serum dilution. These results strongly suggest that purified r56 is a suitable candidate for replacing the density gradient-purified, rickettsia derived, whole-cell antigen currently used in the commercial dipstick assay available in the United States. C1 USN, Med Res Inst, Dept Infect Dis, Viral & Rickettsial Dis Program, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Thai Component, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Ching, WM (reprint author), USN, Med Res Inst, Dept Infect Dis, Viral & Rickettsial Dis Program, Code 41,8901 Wisconsin Ave, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. EM Chingw@nmripo.nmri.nnmc.navy.mil NR 45 TC 36 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 1071-412X J9 CLIN DIAGN LAB IMMUN JI Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 5 IS 4 BP 519 EP 526 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA ZY123 UT WOS:000074588900019 PM 9665960 ER PT J AU Christopher, GW Pavlin, JA Bustamante, MA AF Christopher, GW Pavlin, JA Bustamante, MA TI Evaluation of pertussis in US Marine Corps trainees SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Operat Med Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Christopher, GW (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Operat Med Div, Attn MCMR-UIZ-T LTC Christopher,1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5801 S ELLIS AVENUE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 27 IS 1 BP 231 EP 231 DI 10.1086/517692 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA ZZ690 UT WOS:000074756900056 PM 9675495 ER PT J AU Hughes, SA Schwichtenberg, BR AF Hughes, SA Schwichtenberg, BR TI Current-induced scour along a breakwater at Ventura Harbor, CA - experimental study SO COASTAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE scour; scour at structures; physical models; movable-bed models; toe protection AB This paper describes a 1:25 scale movable-bed physical model study of scour resulting from longshore current on the leeside of the detached breakwater at Venture Harbor, CA, USA. The current-induced scour developed as an unanticipated result of structural modifications that reduced chronic shoaling of the main navigation channel. The physical model was calibrated by adjusting the total flow discharge to achieve equilibrium scour development that matched the scour hole measured at Ventura Harbor. The calibrated model was then used to predict future scour potential and to optimize the design for remedial toe protection intended to prevent leeside armor layer damage on the detached breakwater. The optimized toe protection design cross-section used 25% less stone than the initial remediation design, and the new design prevented an estimated US$475,000 in additional breakwater damage that would have occurred in the absence of adequate toe scour protection. In addition, the model study identified and eliminated several construction problems that could have caused significant unforeseen expenditures. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. USA, Engineer Dist, Los Angeles, CA 90017 USA. RP Hughes, SA (reprint author), USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 9 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-3839 J9 COAST ENG JI Coast. Eng. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 34 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 22 DI 10.1016/S0378-3839(98)00010-6 PG 22 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean SC Engineering GA 109DW UT WOS:000075306800001 ER PT J AU Buchanan, KC Burge, RR Ruble, GR AF Buchanan, KC Burge, RR Ruble, GR TI Evaluation of injectable anesthetics for major surgical procedures in guinea pigs SO CONTEMPORARY TOPICS IN LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID LABORATORY-ANIMALS; KETAMINE; DETOMIDINE; XYLAZINE; DIAZEPAM AB Anesthetizing guinea pig is difficult with varying outcomes. The primary purpose of the study reported here was to evaluate six injectable anesthetic regimens for use in guinea pig and assess the depth of anesthesia and, thus, their effectiveness in terms of their use for major surgical procedures. Other variables that were measured and evaluated included time from injection until onset of anesthesia, duration of anesthesia, depth of anesthesia, and vital signs (i.e., respiratory rate, heart rate, and body temperature). Female Dunkin Hartley guinea pig that were 9 to 12 weeks old were randomly assigned to receive one of the following anesthetic regimens: ketamine/xylazine (KX), ketamine/detomidine (KD), ketamine/medetomidine (KM), 4) tiletamine-zolazepam/xylazine (TX), tiletamine-zolazepam/detomidine (TD), or tiletamine-zolazepam/medetomidine (TM), All anesthetics were administered intramuscularly, Anesthesia was assessed by attempting to perform an ovariohysterectomy, Surgery could not be performed on any guinea pig in the groups given ketamine or TD, There was a high rate of adverse effects in guinea pigs receiving detomidine. Four of six guinea pig in the TD group died during or after the anesthetic episode. Fourteen of 30 (46.7%) guinea pig given TX underwent successful surgery, and 23 of 29 (79.3%) given TM underwent successful surgery. A combination of tiletamine-zolazepam and xylazine or medetomidine was effective for inducing anesthesia and providing sufficient analgesia to perform a major surgical procedure on guinea pig, However, TM was the most reliable regimen. C1 Armed Forces Radiobiol Res Inst, Dept Vet Sci, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Biometr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Vet Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Buchanan, KC (reprint author), Armed Forces Radiobiol Res Inst, Dept Vet Sci, 8901 Wisconsin Ave, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. NR 21 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CORDOVA PA 70 TIMBERCREEK DR, SUITE 5, CORDOVA, TN 38018 USA SN 1060-0558 J9 CONTEMP TOP LAB ANIM JI Contemp. Top. Lab. Anim. Sci. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 37 IS 4 BP 58 EP 63 PG 6 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 127JV UT WOS:000076348200014 PM 12456147 ER PT J AU Tasaki, O Mozingo, DW Ishihara, S Brinkley, WW Johnson, AA Smith, RH Srivastava, O Mason, AD Pruitt, BA Cioffi, WG AF Tasaki, O Mozingo, DW Ishihara, S Brinkley, WW Johnson, AA Smith, RH Srivastava, O Mason, AD Pruitt, BA Cioffi, WG TI Effect of Sulfo Lewis C on smoke inhalation injury in an ovine model SO CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE smoke inhalation; Sulfo Lewis C; ovine; selectin; adhesion molecule; lung injury; multiple inert gas elimination technique; free radical; granulocyte; hypoxemia ID MEDIATED LUNG INJURY; INTESTINAL ISCHEMIA-REPERFUSION; INHALED NITRIC-OXIDE; L-SELECTIN; P-SELECTIN; ADHESION MOLECULES; BETA-2 INTEGRINS; CELL-ADHESION; ANTIBODY; OLIGOSACCHARIDES AB Objective: To evaluate the effect of Sulfo Lewis C (SO(3)(-3)aGal(1)(-) (3)GlcNAc-O(CH2)(8)-COOMe), a putative ligand of selectins, on smoke inhalation injury. Design: Prospective animal study with concurrent controls. Setting: An animal laboratory. Subjects: Twelve 1-yr-old female sheep, weighing 24 to 33 kg, Interventions: Twelve sheep received nine exposure units of smoke generated by thermolysis of pine woodchips (80 g). Group 1 (n = 6) was untreated. Group 2 (n = 6) was treated with an intravenous infusion of Sulfo Lewis C after smoke exposure. Animals were killed 48 hrs after injury. Measurements and Main Results: Cardiopulmonary variables and blood gases were measured serially. Granulocyte free-radical production was measured before smoke exposure and at 4 and 48 hrs after injury. Ventilation/perfusion distribution ((V) over dot (A)/(Q) over dot) was analyzed using the multiple inert gas elimination technique. Granulocyte free-radical production was increased after smoke exposure in both groups. Oxygenation was significantly improved by the administration of Sulfo Lewis C. (V) over dot (A)/(Q) over dot analysis demonstrated significantly less blood flow to low (V) over dot (A)/(Q) over dot lung segments in treated animals. Conclusions: Selectin blockade attenuated lung injury after smoke exposure. These data support the hypothesis that neutrophils play a pivotal role in smoke inhalation injury. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Lib Branch, San Antonio, TX 78234 USA. Alberta Res Council, Edmonton, AB, Canada. Rhode Isl Hosp, Div Trauma & Burns, Providence, RI USA. RP Tasaki, O (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, Lib Branch, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave, San Antonio, TX 78234 USA. NR 39 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0090-3493 J9 CRIT CARE MED JI Crit. Care Med. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 26 IS 7 BP 1238 EP 1243 DI 10.1097/00003246-199807000-00028 PG 6 WC Critical Care Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine GA ZZ677 UT WOS:000074755500024 PM 9671375 ER PT J AU Schissel, DJ Elston, DM AF Schissel, DJ Elston, DM TI Topical 5-fluorouracil treatment for psoriatic trachyonychia SO CUTIS LA English DT Article ID NAIL PSORIASIS; CYCLOSPORINE AB Psoriatic nail involvement is common and usually accompanies other associated cutaneous or systemic lesions. The occurrence of psoriatic nail involvement has been noted in up to 50 percent of patients. There is no consistently effective therapy for psoriatic nail involvement, We report a beneficial response following a short course of topically applied 5 percent 5-fluorouracil cream. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Schissel, DJ (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Bldg 3600,3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 16 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 1 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD JUL PY 1998 VL 62 IS 1 BP 27 EP 28 PG 2 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 100VE UT WOS:000074835400007 PM 9675529 ER PT J AU Meffert, JJ AF Meffert, JJ TI Cutaneous sporotrichosis present keratoacanthoma SO CUTIS LA English DT Article AB Sporothrix schenckii is a ubiquitous dimorphic fungus with a variety of clinical presentations, including imitation of other diseases such as pyoderma, rosacea, and pyoderma gangrenosum. A case in which sporotrichosis appeared as a keratoacanthoma-like nodule on the lower lip of a young woman is presented, with treatment considerations and diagnostic pitfalls. C1 USAF, Dept Dermatol, Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Meffert, JJ (reprint author), USAF, Dept Dermatol, Brooke Army Med Ctr, Bldg 3600,3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 9 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD JUL PY 1998 VL 62 IS 1 BP 37 EP 39 PG 3 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 100VE UT WOS:000074835400009 PM 9675531 ER PT J AU Young, PC Turiansky, GW Sau, P Liebman, MD Benson, PM AF Young, PC Turiansky, GW Sau, P Liebman, MD Benson, PM TI Felodipine-induced gingival hyperplasia SO CUTIS LA English DT Article ID CYCLOSPORINE AB Felodipine is a calcium channel blocking agent used in the management of hypertension and angina, We report a case of gingival hyperplasia in a patient with chronic use of this drug. Gingival changes occurred soon after initiation of felodipine and improved upon its discontinuation. The clinical characteristics, inciting agents, proposed pathogenetic mechanisms, as well as prevention and treatment of drug-induced gingival hyperplasia are briefly reviewed. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dermatol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Young, PC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dermatol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 10 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD JUL PY 1998 VL 62 IS 1 BP 41 EP 43 PG 3 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 100VE UT WOS:000074835400010 PM 9675532 ER PT J AU Lasiecka, I Marchand, R AF Lasiecka, I Marchand, R TI Riccati equations arising in acoustic structure interactions with curved walls SO DYNAMICS AND CONTROL LA English DT Article DE dynamic shallow shells; uniform stabilization; structural acoustics; piezoceramic devices; Riccati equation; optimal control; boundary control; bounded gains ID BOUNDARY CONTROL-PROBLEMS; DIFFERENTIAL-EQUATIONS; ELASTIC-SYSTEMS; SHELLS AB Structural acoustic control problems are considered. The main aim is to reduce a pressure/noise in an acoustic cavity by an appropriate activation of piezoceramic devices. The physical model is comprised of an acoustic chamber with flexible (elastic) walls to which piezoceramic devices are attached. The devices play the role of actuators and sensors. The mathematical description of the model is governed by a coupled system of partial differential equations (PDE's) involving the wave equation coupled with the dynamic shell equation (modeling the wall). The goal of this paper is to present new results on optimal control problems with "smart" controls. The control algorithm is constructed in a feedback form via a solution of a suitable Riccati type equation. The main technical/mathematical difficulty of the problem is related to the fact that the control operators are unbounded. This leads, in general, to the unbounded gain operators and optimal synthesis of the control function which is defined in avery "weak" sense only. However, for the problem at hand, we show that in spite of the unboundedness of the control operators, the feedback gains are bounded and the optimal synthesis is fully meaningful. This is due to the "regularizing" effects of shell dynamics which are partially propagated into the "hyperbolic" component of the structure. C1 Univ Virginia, Inst Appl Math, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Math Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Lasiecka, I (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Inst Appl Math, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. RI Lasiecka, Irena/C-1386-2013 NR 39 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-4668 J9 DYNAM CONTROL JI Dynam. Control PD JUL PY 1998 VL 8 IS 3 BP 269 EP 292 DI 10.1023/A:1008210520458 PG 24 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Mechanical SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA ZU127 UT WOS:000074165000004 ER PT J AU Colwell, R Epstein, P Gubler, D Hall, M Reiter, P Shukla, J Sprigg, W Takafuji, E Trtanj, J AF Colwell, R Epstein, P Gubler, D Hall, M Reiter, P Shukla, J Sprigg, W Takafuji, E Trtanj, J TI Global climate change and infectious diseases SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Emerging Infectious Diseases CY MAR 08-11, 1998 CL ATLANTA, GEORGIA SP Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Council State & Terr Epidemiologists, Amer Soc Microbiol, Natl Fdn CDC, Alliance Prudent Use Antibiot, Amer Acad Pediat, Amer Assoc Blood Banks, Amer Assoc Hlth Plans, Amer Canc Soc, Amer Coll Prevent Med, Amer Hosp Assoc, Amer Med Assoc, Amer Mosquito Control Assoc, Amer Publ Hlth Assoc, Amer Sexually Transmitted Dis Assoc, Amer Soc Clin Pathologists, Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg, Amer Vet Med Assoc, Assoc Amer Vet Med Coll, Assoc Sch Publ Hlth, Assoc State & Terr Directors Hlth Promot & Publ Hlth Educ, Assoc State & Terr Hlth Officials, Assoc State & Terr Publ Hlth Lab Directors, Assoc Teachers Prevent Med, Burroughs Wellcome Fund, Emory Univ, Sch Med, Fogarty Int Ctr, US FDA, Indian Hlth Serv, Infect Dis Soc Amer, Int Life Sci Inst, Int Soc Infect Dis, Int Soc Travel Med, Int Union Hlth Promot & Educ, Int Union Microbiol Soc, Minor Hlth Profess Fdn, Morehouse Sch Med, NASA, Natl Assoc City & County Hlth Officials, Natl Assoc State Publ Hlth Vetinarians, Natl Council Int Hlth, Natl Fdn Infect Dis, Natl Hispan Med Assoc, NIAID, Natl Med Assoc, NOAA, Off Sci & Technol Policy, Pan Amer Hlth Org, Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Soc Healthcare Epidemiol Amer, Soc Occupat & Environm Hlth, Soc Publ Hlth Educ, Carter Ctr, Henry J Kaiser Family Fdn, HMO Grp, Robert Wood Johnson Fdn, Rockefeller Fdn, World Bank, Us Agcy Int Dev, USDA, US Dept Def, US Dept State, US Dept Justice, US Dept Vet Affairs, US EPA, WHO C1 Univ Maryland, Inst Biotechnol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Washington, DC USA. Inst Global Environm & Soc Inc, Calverton, MD USA. Natl Acad Sci, Washington, DC 20418 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Colwell, R (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Inst Biotechnol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. NR 1 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 7 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JUL-SEP PY 1998 VL 4 IS 3 BP 451 EP 452 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 111JP UT WOS:000075433800027 PM 9716968 ER PT J AU McDade, JE Franz, D AF McDade, JE Franz, D TI Bioterrorism as a public health threat SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Emerging Infectious Diseases CY MAR 08-11, 1998 CL ATLANTA, GEORGIA SP Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Council State & Terr Epidemiologists, Amer Soc Microbiol, Natl Fdn CDC, Alliance Prudent Use Antibiot, Amer Acad Pediat, Amer Assoc Blood Banks, Amer Assoc Hlth Plans, Amer Canc Soc, Amer Coll Prevent Med, Amer Hosp Assoc, Amer Med Assoc, Amer Mosquito Control Assoc, Amer Publ Hlth Assoc, Amer Sexually Transmitted Dis Assoc, Amer Soc Clin Pathologists, Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg, Amer Vet Med Assoc, Assoc Amer Vet Med Coll, Assoc Sch Publ Hlth, Assoc State & Terr Directors Hlth Promot & Publ Hlth Educ, Assoc State & Terr Hlth Officials, Assoc State & Terr Publ Hlth Lab Directors, Assoc Teachers Prevent Med, Burroughs Wellcome Fund, Emory Univ, Sch Med, Fogarty Int Ctr, US FDA, Indian Hlth Serv, Infect Dis Soc Amer, Int Life Sci Inst, Int Soc Infect Dis, Int Soc Travel Med, Int Union Hlth Promot & Educ, Int Union Microbiol Soc, Minor Hlth Profess Fdn, Morehouse Sch Med, NASA, Natl Assoc City & County Hlth Officials, Natl Assoc State Publ Hlth Vetinarians, Natl Council Int Hlth, Natl Fdn Infect Dis, Natl Hispan Med Assoc, NIAID, Natl Med Assoc, NOAA, Off Sci & Technol Policy, Pan Amer Hlth Org, Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Soc Healthcare Epidemiol Amer, Soc Occupat & Environm Hlth, Soc Publ Hlth Educ, Carter Ctr, Henry J Kaiser Family Fdn, HMO Grp, Robert Wood Johnson Fdn, Rockefeller Fdn, World Bank, Us Agcy Int Dev, USDA, US Dept Def, US Dept State, US Dept Justice, US Dept Vet Affairs, US EPA, WHO C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP McDade, JE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 1 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JUL-SEP PY 1998 VL 4 IS 3 BP 493 EP 494 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 111JP UT WOS:000075433800041 PM 9716982 ER PT J AU Shitzer, A Endrusick, TL Stroschein, LA Wallace, RF Gonzalez, RR AF Shitzer, A Endrusick, TL Stroschein, LA Wallace, RF Gonzalez, RR TI Characterization of a three-phase response in gloved cold-stressed fingers SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE endurance times; cold environment; gloves; cold induced vasodilatation AB Seven gloves were studied worn by eight sedentary subjects (six men and two women) exposed to cold-dry, C-D, (mean dry bulb temperature (T) over bar(db) = -17.2 degrees C; mean dew point temperature (T) over bar(dp) = -25.1 degrees C), and cold-wet, C-W, ((T) over bar(db) = 0 degrees C; (T) over bar(dp) = -8.4 degrees C) conditions. Mean endurance times were 75 min for the C-D and 162 min for the C-W conditions. A three-phase response pattern of the temperature in the fingers was characterized. Phase I comprised an initial period during which finger temperature remained close to the pre-exposed level, due to delayed vasoconstriction in the finger. Phase II involved an exponential-like decrease of finger temperature indicative of the onset of vasoconstriction in the finger. Phase III manifested periodic finger temperature changes due to cold induced vasodilatation (CIVD). Mean wave patterns for phase III indicated approximately 3.5 waves.h(-1) in the C-D but only about 2 waves.h(-1) in the C-W condition. Extension of endurance time, due to CIVD, was defined as the difference in time between the actual end of the experiment and the time the finger-tip would have reached the set temperature endurance limit as extrapolated by a continued exponential drop. Three overall response patterns of lingers in the cold were characterized: type A exhibiting a.ll 3 phases; type Bi or Bz exhibiting either phases I + II or phases II + III; and type C showing only phase II. Considerable inter- and intra-subject variability was found. In both test conditions the final physiological thermal states of the subjects were between comfortable and slightly, uncomfortably but acceptable and thus did not correlate with the responses in the fingers. C1 Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Mech Engn, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Biophys & Biomed Modeling Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Shitzer, A (reprint author), Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Mech Engn, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. NR 15 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 17 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1439-6319 J9 EUR J APPL PHYSIOL JI Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 78 IS 2 BP 155 EP 162 DI 10.1007/s004210050401 PG 8 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 100MU UT WOS:000074820500010 PM 9694315 ER PT J AU Harvey, RP Dunbar, NW McIntosh, WC Esser, RP Nishiizumi, K Taylor, S Caffee, MW AF Harvey, RP Dunbar, NW McIntosh, WC Esser, RP Nishiizumi, K Taylor, S Caffee, MW TI Meteoritic event recorded in Antarctic ice SO GEOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TERRESTRIAL AB During systematic sampling of volcanic ash (tephra) layers at a well-known Antarctic meteorite collection site (the Allan Hills main ice field), a band of unusually dark and rounded (many spheroidal) particles was discovered. This debris layer (BIT-58) extends parallel to the stratigraphy of the ice established from the tephra bands, apparently marking a single depositional event. The shapes, internal texture, major element composition, and levels of cosmogenic nuclides of particles from within BIT-58 all strongly suggest that this material represents ablation debris from the passage of a large H-group ordinary chondrite, Preliminary cosmogenic isotope dating suggests an age of 2.8 Ma, implying that the East Antarctic ice sheet has been stable since that time. The relationship of the Bit-58 layer to known impact events is not clear. C1 Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Harvey, RP (reprint author), Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. RI Caffee, Marc/K-7025-2015 OI Caffee, Marc/0000-0002-6846-8967 NR 24 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 3 PU ASSOC ENGINEERING GEOLOGISTS GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY AMER PI COLLEGE STN PA TEXAS A & M UNIV, DEPT GEOLOGY & GEOPHYSICS, COLLEGE STN, TX 77843-3115 USA SN 0091-7613 J9 GEOLOGY JI Geology PD JUL PY 1998 VL 26 IS 7 BP 607 EP 610 DI 10.1130/0091-7613(1998)026<0607:MERIAI>2.3.CO;2 PG 4 WC Geology SC Geology GA 100BX UT WOS:000074795000008 ER PT J AU Farley, JH Douglas, TH Mcleod, DG Harrison, CR AF Farley, JH Douglas, TH Mcleod, DG Harrison, CR TI Ureteral carcinoma presenting as a complex pelvic mass in a post menopausal patient SO GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TRANSITIONAL-CELL CARCINOMA; OVARIAN-CANCER; TRACT; MANAGEMENT AB This is a report of a lo rv-grade ureteral carcinoma presenting as a pelvic mass in a postmenopausal woman with a prolonged history of lower back pain. A right complex adnexal mass and right hydroureter and hydronephrosis in an atrophic nonfunctioning right kidney was found during evaluation for the back pain. Operative evaluation revealed a normal uterus and ovaries; however, a 2 x 3-cm mass in the right meter was found at the level of the uterine arteries. A total abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, and right nephroureterectomy were performed with pathology returning grade I papillary transitional cell carcinoma of the meter. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Gynecol Oncol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Farley, JH (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Gynecol Oncol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0090-8258 J9 GYNECOL ONCOL JI Gynecol. Oncol. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 70 IS 1 BP 134 EP 136 DI 10.1006/gyno.1998.5052 PG 3 WC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 108XC UT WOS:000075290200028 PM 9698491 ER PT J AU Tock, B Drohan, W Hess, J Pusateri, A Holcomb, J MacPhee, M AF Tock, B Drohan, W Hess, J Pusateri, A Holcomb, J MacPhee, M TI Haemophilia and advanced fibrin sealant technologies SO HAEMOPHILIA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT XXIII International Congress of the World-Federation-of-Hemophilia CY MAY 17-21, 1998 CL THE HAGUE, NETHERLANDS SP Alpha Therapeut Corp, Amer Red Cross, Baxter Hlth Care Corp, Bayer Corp, Inst Grifols SA, Ist Sierovaccinogeno Italiano SpA, Novo Nordisk AS, Octopharma GmbH, Pharmacia & Upjohn Ltd DE fibrin; fibrinogen; thrombin; haemostasis; haemophilia; virus ID CONTINUOUS-INFUSION; GLUE; PLASMA; HEMOPHILIA; VIII AB Fibrin sealant, which consists mainly of fibrinogen and thrombin, provides rapid haemostasis as well as tissue sealing and adhesion. Commercial, viral-inactivated products are available in Europe, Canada, and Japan. Liquid fibrin sealant (LFS) has been used clinically in haemophiliacs to perform dental procedures, orthopedic surgeries, non-orthopaedic surgeries, and circumcisions. LFS use is expected to increase as commercial products will soon be available in the US. Recombinant sources and transgenic animal bioreactor systems will replace plasma-derived products and become the predominant sources for this product in the next decade. Other areas of innovation include the development of fibrin sealant bandages or dressings, expandable foams, and spray powders which will provide the haemophiliac the ability to rapidly attain control of traumatic haemorrhages prior to hospital treatment with a significant reduction in the use of IV clotting factors. Fibrin sealant products have the potential to provide life-saving control of haemorrhage, reduction in factor dependency, lower viral exposure risk, and medical care cost reduction. C1 Amer Red Cross, Jerome A Holland Lab, Rockville, MD 20855 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Blood Res Detachment, Washington, DC 20307 USA. USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Tock, B (reprint author), Amer Red Cross, Jerome A Holland Lab, 15601 Crabbs Branch Way, Rockville, MD 20855 USA. NR 29 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1351-8216 J9 HAEMOPHILIA JI Haemophilia PD JUL PY 1998 VL 4 IS 4 BP 449 EP 455 DI 10.1046/j.1365-2516.1998.440449.x PG 7 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 100XQ UT WOS:000074841000027 PM 9873774 ER PT J AU Meitzler, T Gerhart, G Sohn, E Singh, H AF Meitzler, T Gerhart, G Sohn, E Singh, H TI Detection probability using relative clutter in infrared images SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS LA English DT Article AB Clutter plays a very important role in the area of machine and human-in-the-loop target acquisition. A great deal of interest has recently been shown in assessing several different definitions of clutter. In spite of so many definitions available, no single clutter definition has been agreed on by the target acquisition modeling community as being the best. Here we develop a new clutter metric, called relative clutter, based on factor analysis which is extensively used for statistical analysis. This relative clutter combines many definitions of clutter. Different methods for calculating the relative clutter based on the magnitude of the eigenvalues obtained from the correlation matrix are suggested. The relative clutter of many images is analyzed. The relative clutter is used to calculate probability of detection on Night Vision Lab (NVL) Terrain Board Infrared images. C1 USA, TARDEC, TACOM, AMSTA TR R,Survivabil Technol Ctr, Warren, MI 48397 USA. Wayne State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Detroit, MI 48092 USA. RP Meitzler, T (reprint author), USA, TARDEC, TACOM, AMSTA TR R,Survivabil Technol Ctr, MS 263, Warren, MI 48397 USA. RI Meitzler, Thomas/D-1065-2017 NR 16 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9251 J9 IEEE T AERO ELEC SYS JI IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 34 IS 3 BP 955 EP 962 DI 10.1109/7.705901 PG 8 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 106DA UT WOS:000075113400023 ER EF