FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™
VR 1.0
PT J
AU Boyles, RE
   Gorman, I
   Pinto, D
   Ross, MD
AF Boyles, Robert E.
   Gorman, Ira
   Pinto, Daniel
   Ross, Michael D.
TI Physical Therapist Practice and the Role of Diagnostic Imaging
SO JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC & SPORTS PHYSICAL THERAPY
LA English
DT Article
DE diagnosis; direct access; MRI; radiology; x-ray
ID OTTAWA ANKLE RULES; C-SPINE RULE; HEALTH-CARE; DECISION RULES;
   ORTHOPEDIC SURGEONS; SCAPHOID FRACTURES; TRAUMA PATIENTS; KNEE INJURIES;
   DIRECT-ACCESS; BACK-PAIN
AB For healthcare providers involved in the management of patients with musculoskeletal disorders, the ability to order diagnostic imaging is a beneficial adjunct to screening for medical referral and differential diagnosis. A trial of conservative treatment, such as physical therapy, is often recommended prior to the use of imaging in many treatment guidelines for the management of musculoskeletal conditions. In the United States, physical therapists are becoming more autonomous and can practice some degree of direct access in 48 states and Washington, DC. Referral for imaging privileges could increase the effectiveness and efficiency of healthcare delivery, particularly in combination with direct access management. This clinical commentary proposes that, given the American Physical Therapy Association's goal to have physical therapists as primary care musculoskeletal specialists of choice, it would be beneficial for physical therapists to have imaging privileges in their practice. The purpose of this commentary is 3-fold: (1) to make a case for the use of imaging privileges by physical therapists, using a historical perspective; (2) to discuss the barriers preventing physical therapists from having this privilege; and (3) to offer suggestions on strategies and guidelines to facilitate the appropriate inclusion of referral for imaging privileges in physical therapist practice. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2011;41(11):829-837 doi:10.2519/jospt.2011.3556
C1 [Boyles, Robert E.] Univ Puget Sound, Sch Phys Therapy, Tacoma, WA 98416 USA.
   [Gorman, Ira] Regis Univ, Sch Phys Therapy, Rueckert Hartman Coll Hlth Profess, Denver, CO USA.
   [Pinto, Daniel] Northwestern Univ, Dept Phys Therapy & Human Movement Sci, Feinberg Sch Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA.
   [Ross, Michael D.] USAF, Phys Med Training Programs, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA.
RP Boyles, RE (reprint author), 1500 N Warner St,1070, Tacoma, WA 98388 USA.
EM bboyles@pugetsound.edu
NR 69
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 12
PU J O S P T,
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 1111 NORTH FAIRFAX ST, STE 100, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1436 USA
SN 0190-6011
J9 J ORTHOP SPORT PHYS
JI J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther.
PD NOV
PY 2011
VL 41
IS 11
SI SI
BP 829
EP 837
DI 10.2519/jospt.2011.3556
PG 9
WC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences
SC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences
GA 848VJ
UT WOS:000297082900004
PM 22048788
ER

PT J
AU Tall, MA
   Thompson, AK
   Greer, B
   Campbell, S
AF Tall, Michael A.
   Thompson, Adrianne K.
   Greer, Barry
   Campbell, Scot
TI The Pearls and Pitfalls of Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Lower
   Extremity
SO JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC & SPORTS PHYSICAL THERAPY
LA English
DT Article
DE diagnosis; medical imaging; MRI
ID RADIOLOGIC-PATHOLOGICAL CORRELATION; ACETABULAR LABRAL TEARS; RSNA
   REFRESHER COURSES; MR ARTHROGRAPHY; FEMOROACETABULAR IMPINGEMENT;
   ENTRAPMENT NEUROPATHIES; PAINFUL CONDITIONS; CARTILAGE DEFECTS; MENISCAL
   TEARS; KNEE
AB This article is intended for the clinician charged with either diagnosing or treating patients with lower extremity symptoms thought to be of musculoskeletal etiology. It gives a brief overview of the imaging techniques that can be utilized, common pathology, and certain pearls and pitfalls that may be encountered in both ordering and interpreting lower extremity magnetic resonance imaging. While we cannot present a comprehensive discussion of all of the known disorders in the lower extremity, we will choose common disorders to illustrate the diagnostic benefits and limitations of magnetic resonance imaging and provide reasons for choosing certain magnetic resonance imaging techniques. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2011;41(11):873-886. doi:10.2519/jospt.2011.3713
C1 [Tall, Michael A.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
   [Thompson, Adrianne K.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, MRI, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
RP Tall, MA (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, 2200 Bergquist Dr,Suite 1,59 RSQ SGO6D, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
EM matmsk2003@yahoo.com
NR 41
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU J O S P T,
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 1111 NORTH FAIRFAX ST, STE 100, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1436 USA
SN 0190-6011
J9 J ORTHOP SPORT PHYS
JI J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther.
PD NOV
PY 2011
VL 41
IS 11
SI SI
BP 873
EP 886
DI 10.2519/jospt.2011.3713
PG 14
WC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences
SC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences
GA 848VJ
UT WOS:000297082900009
PM 22048192
ER

PT J
AU Tonarelli, JM
   Mabry, LM
   Ross, MD
AF Tonarelli, John M.
   Mabry, Lance M.
   Ross, Michael D.
TI Diagnostic Imaging of an Achilles Tendon Rupture
SO JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC & SPORTS PHYSICAL THERAPY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Tonarelli, John M.] 60th Med Grp, Travis AFB, CA USA.
   [Mabry, Lance M.] 96th Med Operat Squadron, Eglin AFB, FL USA.
   [Ross, Michael D.] USAF, Phys Med Training Programs, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA.
RP Tonarelli, JM (reprint author), 60th Med Grp, Travis AFB, CA USA.
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 5
PU J O S P T,
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 1111 NORTH FAIRFAX ST, STE 100, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1436 USA
SN 0190-6011
J9 J ORTHOP SPORT PHYS
JI J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther.
PD NOV
PY 2011
VL 41
IS 11
SI SI
BP 904
EP 904
DI 10.2519/jospt.2011.0422
PG 1
WC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences
SC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences
GA 848VJ
UT WOS:000297082900012
PM 22048317
ER

PT J
AU Milligan, RT
   Eklund, DR
   Wolff, JM
   Gruber, M
   Mathur, T
AF Milligan, Ryan T.
   Eklund, Dean R.
   Wolff, J. Mitch
   Gruber, Mark
   Mathur, Tarun
TI Dual-Mode Scramjet Combustor: Numerical Analysis of Two Flowpaths
SO JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 48th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting/New Horizons Forum and Aerospace
   Exposition
CY JAN 04-08, 2010
CL Orlando, FL
SP AIAA
C1 [Milligan, Ryan T.] Taitech Inc, Beavercreek, OH 45430 USA.
   [Eklund, Dean R.; Gruber, Mark] USAF, Res Lab, Aerosp Prop Div, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Wolff, J. Mitch] USAF, Res Lab, Prop Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Mathur, Tarun] Innovat Sci Solut Inc, Dayton, OH 45440 USA.
RP Milligan, RT (reprint author), Taitech Inc, Beavercreek, OH 45430 USA.
NR 8
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0748-4658
J9 J PROPUL POWER
JI J. Propul. Power
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2011
VL 27
IS 6
BP 1317
EP 1320
DI 10.2514/1.B34178
PG 4
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 849QV
UT WOS:000297141100020
ER

PT J
AU Heidler, JT
AF Heidler, Jeanne T.
TI Baring the Iron Hand: Discipline in the Union Army
SO JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN HISTORY
LA English
DT Book Review
C1 [Heidler, Jeanne T.] USAF Acad, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
RP Heidler, JT (reprint author), USAF Acad, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SOUTHERN HISTORICAL ASSOC
PI ATHENS
PA UNIV GEORGIA, HISTORY DEPT, ATHENS, GA 30602 USA
SN 0022-4642
J9 J SOUTHERN HIST
JI J. South. Hist.
PD NOV
PY 2011
VL 77
IS 4
BP 967
EP 968
PG 2
WC History
SC History
GA 848UV
UT WOS:000297081500063
ER

PT J
AU Marshall, RC
   Doperak, M
   Milner, MM
   Motsinger, C
   Newton, T
   Padden, M
   Pastoor, S
   Hughes, CL
   LeFurgy, J
   Mun, SK
AF Marshall, Robert C.
   Doperak, Martin
   Milner, Maj Michelle
   Motsinger, Charles
   Newton, Terry
   Padden, Maureen
   Pastoor, Sara
   Hughes, Cortney L.
   LeFurgy, Jennifer
   Mun, Seong K.
TI Patient-Centered Medical Home: An Emerging Primary Care Model and the
   Military Health System
SO MILITARY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID TEAMLET MODEL; TRANSFORMATION
AB The Patient-Centered Medical Home (PCMH) is a primary care model that aims to provide quality care that is coordinated, comprehensive, and cost-effective. PCMH is hinged upon building a strong patient provider relationship and using a team-based approach to care to increase continuity and access. It is anticipated that PCMH can curb the growth of health care costs through better preventative medicine and lower utilization of services. The Navy, Air Force, and Army are implementing versions of PCMH, which includes the use of technologies for improved documentation, better disease management, improved communication between the care teams and patients, and increased access to care. This article examines PCMH in the Military Health System by providing examples of the transition from each of the branches. The authors argue that the military must overcome unique challenges to implement and sustain PCMH that civilian providers may not face because of the deployment of patients and staff, the military's mission of readiness, and the use of both on-base and off-base care by beneficiaries. Our objective is to lay out these considerations and to provide ways that they have been or can be addressed within the transition from traditional primary care to PCMH.
C1 [Marshall, Robert C.; Padden, Maureen] USN, Bur Med & Surg, Washington, DC 20372 USA.
   [Doperak, Martin] HQDA, Off Surg Gen Army, Dept Def, Falls Church, VA 22041 USA.
   [Milner, Maj Michelle] Malcolm Grow Hosp, Andrews AFB, MD 20762 USA.
   [Motsinger, Charles; Newton, Terry] MACH, Dept Family Med, Benning, GA 31905 USA.
   [Pastoor, Sara] Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78234 USA.
   [Hughes, Cortney L.; LeFurgy, Jennifer; Mun, Seong K.] Virginia Tech, Arlington Innovat Ctr Hlth Res, Arlington, VA 22203 USA.
RP Marshall, RC (reprint author), USN, Bur Med & Surg, 2300 E St NW, Washington, DC 20372 USA.
FU HighView Cooperative Research and Development Agreement
   [W81XWH-08-2-0173]; Telemedicine and Advanced Technology Research
   Center; U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command
FX The authors would particularly like to thank Jennifer LeFurgy and
   Kenneth Wong for their organization of the Medical Home workshop on June
   30, 2010 at the George Washington Masonic Temple in Alexandria, VA. This
   work is in part supported by HighView Cooperative Research and
   Development Agreement, W81XWH-08-2-0173, Telemedicine and Advanced
   Technology Research Center, and U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel
   Command.
NR 24
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 4
PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US
PI BETHESDA
PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0026-4075
J9 MIL MED
JI Milit. Med.
PD NOV
PY 2011
VL 176
IS 11
BP 1253
EP 1259
PG 7
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 845NR
UT WOS:000296830300008
PM 22165652
ER

PT J
AU Hall, AB
   Gifford, TO
   Sabatini, PR
AF Hall, Andrew B.
   Gifford, Thomas O.
   Sabatini, Peter R.
TI Treatment of Ectopic Intratracheal Thyroid With a Holmium Laser
SO MILITARY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID TRACHEA
AB The report describes an 85-year-old woman who underwent ectopic intratracheal thyroid ablation with a holmium laser. This represents a novel use of a holmium laser and a potential alternative for commonly performed open intratracheal thyroid excisions.
C1 [Hall, Andrew B.; Gifford, Thomas O.; Sabatini, Peter R.] 81st Med Grp, Keesler AFB, MS 39534 USA.
RP Hall, AB (reprint author), 81st Med Grp, 301 Fisher St, Keesler AFB, MS 39534 USA.
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US
PI BETHESDA
PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0026-4075
J9 MIL MED
JI Milit. Med.
PD NOV
PY 2011
VL 176
IS 11
BP 1325
EP 1326
PG 2
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 845NR
UT WOS:000296830300020
PM 22165664
ER

PT J
AU Bui-Mansfield, LT
   Cressler, DK
AF Bui-Mansfield, Liem T.
   Cressler, Dana K.
TI Imaging of Hemorrhagic Fever With Renal Syndrome: A Potential
   Bioterrorism Agent of Military Significance
SO MILITARY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID HANTAVIRUS-PULMONARY-SYNDROME; TO-PERSON TRANSMISSION;
   ACUTE-PANCREATITIS; ARGENTINA; KIDNEY; CT; MANIFESTATIONS; INVOLVEMENT;
   INFECTION; OUTBREAK
AB Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is a potentially fatal infectious disease with worldwide distribution. Its etiologic agents are viruses of the genus Hantavirus of the virus family Bunyaviridae. Hypothetical ease of production and distribution of these agents, with their propensity to incapacitate victims and overwhelm health care resources, lend themselves as significant potential biological agents of terrorism. HFRS has protean clinical manifestations, which may mimic upper respiratory tract infection, nephrolithiasis, and Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome and may delay proper treatment. Sequelae of HFRS, such as hemorrhage, acute renal failure, retroperitoneal edema, pancreatitis, pulmonary edema, and neurologic symptoms, can be detected by different imaging modalities. Medical providers caring for HFRS patients must be aware of its radiologic features, which may help to confirm its clinical diagnosis. In this article, the authors review the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment, and complications of HFRS.
C1 [Bui-Mansfield, Liem T.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA.
   [Bui-Mansfield, Liem T.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Radiol & Nucl Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
   [Cressler, Dana K.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
RP Bui-Mansfield, LT (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, 3851 Rodger Brook Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA.
NR 34
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US
PI BETHESDA
PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0026-4075
J9 MIL MED
JI Milit. Med.
PD NOV
PY 2011
VL 176
IS 11
BP 1327
EP 1334
PG 8
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 845NR
UT WOS:000296830300021
PM 22165665
ER

PT J
AU Latham, K
   Brehm, W
   Sharon, DJ
AF Latham, Kerry
   Brehm, Walter
   Sharon, Danny J.
TI Comparing Fitness Performance Before and After Breast Reduction Surgery
SO MILITARY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; MAMMAPLASTY; MACROMASTIA; OUTCOMES; SYMPTOMS
AB Background: Breast reduction is one of the most commonly performed surgeries by plastic surgeons. Patients may receive many benefits and overall complications are low allowing for breast reduction to be a popular procedure offered by plastic surgeons. Fitness improvement is a perceived benefit but has not been objectively demonstrated, which is the purpose of this study. Methods: An IRB approved retrospective review of fitness performance scores before and after breast reduction for symptomatic macromastia in active duty women was performed. Results: No improvement or statistically significant difference was demonstrate in overall fitness, push-ups, sit-ups, waist measurement, or 1.5-mile run time. All women reported relief of symptoms of macromastia and felt more comfortable exercising. Conclusions: Although comfort during exercise improves, actual fitness performance remains unchanged. Fitness requirements of active duty members allowed for this unique opportunity to study actual fitness performance in breast reduction patients.
C1 [Latham, Kerry] Walter Reed Natl Mil Med Ctr Bethesda, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA.
   [Brehm, Walter] Clin Res Lab, Keesler AFB, MS 39534 USA.
   [Sharon, Danny J.] USAF, Med Support Agcy SG5M, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
RP Latham, K (reprint author), Walter Reed Natl Mil Med Ctr Bethesda, 8901 Rockville Pike,Bldg 9,2nd Deck, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA.
NR 22
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US
PI BETHESDA
PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0026-4075
J9 MIL MED
JI Milit. Med.
PD NOV
PY 2011
VL 176
IS 11
BP 1351
EP 1354
PG 4
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 845NR
UT WOS:000296830300025
PM 22165669
ER

PT J
AU Jesinger, RA
   Lattin, GE
   Ballard, EA
   Zelasko, SM
   Glassman, LM
AF Jesinger, Robert A.
   Lattin, Grant E., Jr.
   Ballard, Elizabeth A.
   Zelasko, Scott M.
   Glassman, Leonard M.
TI Vascular Abnormalities of the Breast: Arterial and Venous Disorders,
   Vascular Masses, and Mimic Lesions with Radiologic-Pathologic
   Correlation
SO RADIOGRAPHICS
LA English
DT Article
ID PSEUDOANGIOMATOUS STROMAL HYPERPLASIA; IMAGING FINDINGS; LYMPHANGIOMA
   CIRCUMSCRIPTUM; SONOGRAPHIC FINDINGS; MAMMOGRAPHY; INFARCTION;
   CARCINOMA; HEMANGIOPERICYTOMA; CALCIFICATION; HEMANGIOMAS
AB Vascular abnormalities of the breast include a wide spectrum of arterial and venous disorders, as well as benign and malignant vascular masses. Multimodality imaging is often necessary to accurately diagnose several of these uncommon conditions, and pathologic correlation can be important for accurate diagnosis of vascular masses. After a review of the vascular anatomy of the breast, the authors discuss the imaging appearance of several native arterial disorders (atherosclerosis and aneurysm) and venous disorders (superior vena cava syndrome, congestive heart failure, thrombophlebitis, and varix). Benign vascular tumors (hemangioma, lymphangioma, and angiolipoma) and malignant vascular tumors (angiosarcoma and hemangiopericytoma) that may be encountered in the breast are also reviewed. In addition, pitfalls in the correct interpretation of vascular breast lesions (devascularization of masses and pathologic mimics) are reviewed. Understanding and assessing normal and pathologic breast vasculature will permit more accurate diagnosis and treatment planning and allow breast imagers to have a more active role in breast care.
C1 [Jesinger, Robert A.; Ballard, Elizabeth A.; Zelasko, Scott M.] David Grant USAF Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Travis AFB, CA 94535 USA.
   [Jesinger, Robert A.; Lattin, Grant E., Jr.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Radiol & Radiol Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
   [Lattin, Grant E., Jr.; Glassman, Leonard M.] Amer Inst Radiol Pathol, Silver Spring, MD USA.
   [Glassman, Leonard M.] Washington Radiol Associates, Fairfax, VA USA.
RP Jesinger, RA (reprint author), David Grant USAF Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, 101 Bodin Circle, Travis AFB, CA 94535 USA.
EM robert.jesinger@us.af.mil
NR 49
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 4
PU RADIOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMERICA
PI OAK BROOK
PA 820 JORIE BLVD, OAK BROOK, IL 60523 USA
SN 0271-5333
J9 RADIOGRAPHICS
JI Radiographics
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2011
VL 31
IS 7
BP E117
EP E136
DI 10.1148/rg.317115503
PG 20
WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
GA 848JE
UT WOS:000297047000001
PM 22084191
ER

PT J
AU Torres, DM
   Jones, FJ
   Shaw, JC
   Williams, CD
   Ward, JA
   Harrison, SA
AF Torres, Dawn M.
   Jones, Frances J.
   Shaw, Janet C.
   Williams, Christopher D.
   Ward, John A.
   Harrison, Stephen A.
TI Rosiglitazone Versus Rosiglitazone and Metformin Versus Rosiglitazone
   and Losartan in the Treatment of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis in Humans:
   A 12-Month Randomized, Prospective, Open-Label Trial
SO HEPATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID FATTY LIVER-DISEASE; PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; TYPE-1 RECEPTOR BLOCKER;
   HISTOLOGICAL SEVERITY; INSULIN SENSITIVITY; VITAMIN-E; FIBROSIS;
   PIOGLITAZONE; TELMISARTAN; RISK
AB Medication combinations that improve the efficacy of thiazolidinediones or ameliorate weight-gain side effects of therapy represent an attractive potential treatment for (NASH). The aim of this randomized, open-label trial was to assess the efficacy of rosiglitazone and metformin in combination versus rosiglitazone and losartan, compared to rosiglitazone alone, after 48 weeks of therapy. A total of 137 subjects with biopsy-proven NASH were enrolled and randomly assigned to receive either 4 mg twice-daily of rosiglitazone, 4 mg of rosiglitazone and 500 mg of metformin twice-daily, or 4 mg of rosiglitazone twice-daily and 50 mg of losartan once-daily for 48 weeks. Patients were screened for other etiologies of chronic liver disease, including daily alcohol intake in excess of 20 g. Repeat liver biopsy was performed after 48 weeks of therapy and reviewed in a blinded fashion by a single expert hepatopathologist. The primary aim of the study was to assess for differences between treatment groups in the improvement of steatosis, hepatocellular inflammation, and fibrosis. In total, 108 subjects completed the trial. Primary outcome revealed no significant difference between treatment groups in all histologic parameters (steatosis, P 5 0.137; hepatocellular inflammation, P = 0.320; fibrosis, P = 0.229). Overall improvement in steatosis, hepatocellular inflammation, ballooning degeneration, and fibrosis was observed (P <= 0.001). Serum aminotransferases were reduced in all three groups (P < 0.001 within treatment, P > 0.05 between groups). Metformin did not significantly mitigate weight gain (P = 0.051). Conclusions: Forty-eight weeks of combination therapy with rosiglitazone and metformin or rosiglitazone and losartan confers no greater benefit than rosiglitazone alone with respect to histopathology. (HEPATOLOGY 2011;54:1631-1639)
C1 [Torres, Dawn M.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Gastroenterol, Washington, DC 20307 USA.
   [Jones, Frances J.; Williams, Christopher D.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Gastroenterol, San Antonio, TX USA.
   [Shaw, Janet C.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX USA.
   [Ward, John A.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA.
   [Harrison, Stephen A.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Gastroenterol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA.
RP Harrison, SA (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol, 3551 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA.
EM Stephen.harrison@amedd.army.mil
FU Mochida; Rottapharm
FX Dr. Harrison advises Amylin. He received grants from Mochida and
   Rottapharm. Dr. Williams is on the speakers' bureau of Vertex and
   Kadman.
NR 31
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Z9 62
U1 0
U2 6
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0270-9139
J9 HEPATOLOGY
JI Hepatology
PD NOV
PY 2011
VL 54
IS 5
BP 1631
EP 1639
DI 10.1002/hep.24558
PG 9
WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology
SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology
GA 840LX
UT WOS:000296443100017
PM 21748770
ER

PT J
AU Sane, N
   Kee, H
   Seetharaman, G
   Bhattacharyya, SS
AF Sane, Nimish
   Kee, Hojin
   Seetharaman, Gunasekaran
   Bhattacharyya, Shuvra S.
TI Topological Patterns for Scalable Representation and Analysis of
   Dataflow Graphs
SO JOURNAL OF SIGNAL PROCESSING SYSTEMS FOR SIGNAL IMAGE AND VIDEO
   TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Dataflow graphs; High-level languages; Model-based design; Topological
   patterns; Signal processing systems
AB Tools for designing signal processing systems with their semantic foundation in dataflow modeling often use high-level graphical user interfaces (GUIs) or text based languages that allow specifying applications as directed graphs. Such graphical representations serve as an initial reference point for further analysis and optimizations that lead to platform-specific implementations. For large-scale applications, the underlying graphs often consist of smaller substructures that repeat multiple times. To enable more concise representation and direct analysis of such substructures in the context of high level DSP specification languages and design tools, we develop the modeling concept of topological patterns, and propose ways for supporting this concept in a high-level language. We augment the dataflow interchange format (DIF) language-a language for specifying DSP-oriented dataflow graphs-with constructs for supporting topological patterns, and we show how topological patterns can be effective in various aspects of embedded signal processing design flows using specific application examples.
C1 [Sane, Nimish; Bhattacharyya, Shuvra S.] Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
   [Sane, Nimish; Bhattacharyya, Shuvra S.] Univ Maryland, Inst Adv Comp Studies, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
   [Kee, Hojin] Natl Instruments, Austin, TX 78759 USA.
   [Seetharaman, Gunasekaran] USAF, Res Lab, Informat Directorate, Rome, NY USA.
RP Sane, N (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM nimishsane@gmail.com
OI Bhattacharyya, Shuvra/0000-0001-7719-1106
FU US Air Force Research Laboratory [AFRL-FA87501110049]; Laboratory for
   Telecommunication Sciences; National Radio Astronomy Observatory; US
   National Science Foundation; Austrian Marshall Plan Foundation
FX Authors acknowledge Government's support in publication of this paper.
   The material is based upon work funded by the US Air Force Research
   Laboratory (AFRL-FA87501110049), Laboratory for Telecommunication
   Sciences, National Radio Astronomy Observatory, US National Science
   Foundation, and Austrian Marshall Plan Foundation. Any opinions,
   findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this article
   are those of the authors and do not reflect the views of AFRL, LTS,
   NRAO, NSF, or AMPF.
NR 38
TC 2
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U1 0
U2 4
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1939-8018
EI 1939-8115
J9 J SIGNAL PROCESS SYS
JI J. Signal Process. Syst. Signal Image Video Technol.
PD NOV
PY 2011
VL 65
IS 2
BP 229
EP 244
DI 10.1007/s11265-011-0610-1
PG 16
WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical &
   Electronic
SC Computer Science; Engineering
GA 845BI
UT WOS:000296797400007
ER

PT J
AU Wang, BS
   Sanchez, A
AF Wang, Baishi
   Sanchez, Anthony
TI All-fiber passive coherent combining of high power lasers
SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE beam combining; fiber laser; array; all-fiber; coherent; passive;
   polarization-maintaining; nonlinearity; coupler; scalability
ID ARRAY
AB We report >100 W output power by coherently combining two, three, and four high power lasers in all-fiber and all-passive configurations using Yb fiber laser cavities operating at a wavelength of 1080 nm with polarization maintaining fibers and 2x2 fused fiber couplers. We present the power and number scaling characteristics of the laser arrays and compare their beam combining efficiencies in different array configurations. We experimentally show beam combining efficiency degradation with increase of laser power and number of lasers. In addition, we discuss the effect of fiber nonlinearity on beam combining efficiency. (C) 2011 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). [DOI: 10.1117/1.3613945]
C1 [Wang, Baishi] Vytran LLC, Morganville, NJ 07751 USA.
   [Sanchez, Anthony] USAF, Res Lab, Kirtland, NM 87117 USA.
RP Wang, BS (reprint author), Vytran LLC, 1400 Campus Dr, Morganville, NJ 07751 USA.
EM bwang@vytran.com
FU Air Force Research Laboratory
FX We acknowledge the financial support from Air Force Research Laboratory,
   as well as the technical discussion and support from Monica Minden, Eric
   Mies, Michael Harju, and Jeff Rogers.
NR 13
TC 10
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 11
PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA
SN 0091-3286
J9 OPT ENG
JI Opt. Eng.
PD NOV
PY 2011
VL 50
IS 11
AR 111606
DI 10.1117/1.3613945
PG 4
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 847KK
UT WOS:000296971600010
ER

PT J
AU Kulatilaka, WD
   Stauffer, HU
   Gord, JR
   Roy, S
AF Kulatilaka, W. D.
   Stauffer, H. U.
   Gord, J. R.
   Roy, S.
TI One-dimensional single-shot thermometry in flames using femtosecond-CARS
   line imaging
SO OPTICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID STOKES-RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; SCATTERING THERMOMETRY; O-2
AB We report single-laser-shot one-dimensional thermometry in flames using femtosecond coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (fs-CARS) line imaging. Fs-CARS enables high-repetition-rate (1-10 kHz), nearly collision-free measurement of temperature and species concentration in reacting flows. Two high-power 800nm beams are used as the pump and probe beams and a 983nm beam is used as the Stokes beam for CARS signal generation from the N(2) Q-branch transitions at similar to 2330cm(-1). The probe beam is frequency-chirped for single-laser-shot imaging. All three laser beams are formed into sheets and crossed in a line which forms the probe region. The resulting 1D line-CARS signal at similar to 675nm is spatially and spectrally resolved and recorded as a two-dimensional (2D) image. Single-shot temperature measurements are demonstrated in flat-field flames up to temperatures exceeding 2000K, demonstrating the potential of fs-CARS line imaging for high-repetition-rate thermometry in turbulent flames. Such measurements can provide valuable data to validate complex turbulent-combustion models as well as increase the understanding of the spatio-temporal instabilities in practical combustion devices such as modern gas-turbine combustors and augmentors. (C) 2011 Optical Society of America
C1 [Kulatilaka, W. D.; Stauffer, H. U.; Roy, S.] Spectral Energies LLC, Dayton, OH 45431 USA.
   [Gord, J. R.] USAF, Res Lab, Prop Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Kulatilaka, WD (reprint author), Spectral Energies LLC, 5100 Springfield St,Suite 301, Dayton, OH 45431 USA.
EM waruna.kulatilaka.ctr@wpafb.af.mil
FU United States Air Force Research Laboratory (USAFRL) [FA8650-10 C-2008];
   United States Air Force Office of Scientific Research (USAFOSR)
FX Funding for this research was provided by the United States Air Force
   Research Laboratory (USAFRL) under contract no. FA8650-10 C-2008 (Ms.
   Amy Lynch, Program Manager) and by the United States Air Force Office of
   Scientific Research (USAFOSR) (Drs. Tatjana Curcic, Julian Tishkoff, and
   Chiping Li, Program Managers).
NR 14
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 14
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0146-9592
J9 OPT LETT
JI Opt. Lett.
PD NOV 1
PY 2011
VL 36
IS 21
BP 4182
EP 4184
PG 3
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 844GC
UT WOS:000296734700021
PM 22048358
ER

PT J
AU Rao, SI
   Dimiduk, DM
   Parthasarathy, TA
   El-Awady, J
   Woodward, C
   Uchic, MD
AF Rao, S. I.
   Dimiduk, D. M.
   Parthasarathy, T. A.
   El-Awady, J.
   Woodward, C.
   Uchic, M. D.
TI Calculations of intersection cross-slip activation energies in fcc
   metals using nudged elastic band method
SO ACTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Cross-slip; Activation energy; Nudged elastic band method; Nickel;
   Copper
ID SCREW DISLOCATION INTERSECTIONS; CENTERED-CUBIC NICKEL; ATOMISTIC
   SIMULATIONS; CRYSTALS; COPPER; PATHS; MODEL
AB The nudged elastic band (NEB) method is used to evaluate activation energies for dislocation intersection cross-slip in face-centered cubic (fcc) nickel and copper, to extend our prior work which used an approximate method. In this work we also extend the study by including Hirth locks (HL) in addition to Lomer-Cottrell locks and glide locks (GL). Using atomistic (molecular statics) simulations with embedded atom potentials we evaluated the activation barrier for a dislocation to transform from fully residing on the glide plane to fully residing on the cross-slip plane when intersecting a 120 degrees forest dislocation in both Ni and Cu. The initial separation between the screw and the intersecting dislocation on the (1 1 1) glide plane is varied to find a minimum in the activation energy. The NEB method gives energies that are similar to 10% lower than those reported in our prior work. It is estimated that the activation energies for cross-slip from the fully glide plane state to the partially cross-slipped state at the 120 degrees intersection forming GL in Ni and Cu are similar to 0.47 and similar to 0.65 eV, respectively, and from the fully cross-slip plane state to the partially cross-slipped state forming LC are similar to 0.68 and similar to 0.67 eV. The activation energies for cross-slip from the fully glide plane state to the partially cross-slipped state at the 120 degrees intersection forming HL in Ni and Cu are estimated to be similar to 0.09 and similar to 0.31 eV, respectively. These values are a factor of 3-20 lower than the activation energy for bulk cross-slip in Ni and, a factor of 2-6 lower than the activation energy for cross-slip in Cu estimated by Friedel-Escaig analysis. These results suggest that cross-slip should nucleate preferentially at selected screw dislocation intersections in fcc materials and the activation energies for such mechanisms are also a function of stacking fault energy. (C) 2011 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Rao, S. I.; Parthasarathy, T. A.] UES Inc, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
   [Dimiduk, D. M.; Uchic, M. D.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, AFRLIMLLM, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [El-Awady, J.; Woodward, C.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
RP Rao, SI (reprint author), UES Inc, 4401 Dayton Xenia Rd, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
EM satish.rao@wpafb.af.mil
RI Parthasarathy, Triplicane/B-7146-2011; El-Awady, Jaafar/E-8551-2010
OI Parthasarathy, Triplicane/0000-0002-5449-9754; El-Awady,
   Jaafar/0000-0002-5715-2481
NR 18
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 0
U2 32
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6454
J9 ACTA MATER
JI Acta Mater.
PD NOV
PY 2011
VL 59
IS 19
BP 7135
EP 7144
DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2011.08.029
PG 10
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
   Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 839YK
UT WOS:000296405200002
ER

PT J
AU Harris, BM
   Blatz, PJ
   Hinkle, MK
   McCall, S
   Beckius, ML
   Mende, K
   Robertson, JL
   Griffith, ME
   Murray, CK
   Hospenthal, DR
AF Harris, Brande M.
   Blatz, Peter J.
   Hinkle, Mary K.
   McCall, Suzanne
   Beckius, Miriam L.
   Mende, Katrin
   Robertson, Janelle L.
   Griffith, Matthew E.
   Murray, Clinton K.
   Hospenthal, Duane R.
TI In Vitro and In Vivo Activity of First Generation Cephalosporins Against
   Leptospira
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
LA English
DT Article
ID HAMSTER MODEL; ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS; SUSCEPTIBILITIES; AZITHROMYCIN;
   INTERROGANS; PENICILLIN; EFFICACY; THERAPY
AB Third generation cephalosporins are commonly used in the treatment of leptospirosis. The efficacy of first generation cephalosporins has been less well-studied. Susceptibility testing of 13 Leptospira strains (11 serovars) to cefazolin and cephalexin was conducted using broth microdilution. Median minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) for cefazolin and cephalexin ranged from <0.016 to 2 mu g/mL (MIC(90) = 0.5 mu g/mL) and from 1 to 8 mu g/mL (MIC(90) = 8 mu g/mL), respectively. Efficacy of cefazolin and cephalexin in an acute lethal hamster model of leptospirosis was studied. Survival rates for cefazolin were 80%, 100%, and 100%, and survival rates for cephalexin were 50%, 80%, and 100% (treated with 5, 25, and 50 mg/kg per day for 5 days, respectively). Each treatment group showed improved survival compared with no treatment (P <0.01), and none of the therapies, regardless of dose, was statistically significantly different than doxycycline. These results support a potential role for first generation cephalosporins as alternative therapies for leptospirosis.
C1 [Hospenthal, Duane R.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv MCHE MDI, Dept Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA.
   Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA.
   Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Med, Lackland AFB, TX USA.
   Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Infect Dis Clin Res Program, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
   Elgin Hosp, Dept Med, Eglin AFB, FL USA.
RP Hospenthal, DR (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv MCHE MDI, Dept Med, 3551 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA.
EM duane.hospenthal@us.army.mil
RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013
FU Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System (GETS; a
   division of the Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center); Infectious
   Disease Clinical Research Program (IDCRP), Department of Defense (DoD)
   [IDCRP-032]; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases,
   National Institutes of Health (NTH) [Y1-AI-5072]
FX Support for this work was provide by the Global Emerging Infections
   Surveillance and Response System (GETS; a division of the Armed Forces
   Health Surveillance Center) and the Infectious Disease Clinical Research
   Program (IDCRP; protocol IDCRP-032), a Department of Defense (DoD)
   program executed through the Uniformed Services University of the Health
   Sciences. This project has been funded in whole or part by federal funds
   from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National
   Institutes of Health (NTH) under Inter-Agency Agreement Y1-AI-5072.
NR 22
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE
PI MCLEAN
PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA
SN 0002-9637
J9 AM J TROP MED HYG
JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg.
PD NOV
PY 2011
VL 85
IS 5
BP 905
EP 908
DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2011.11-0352
PG 4
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
GA 843HC
UT WOS:000296661900021
PM 22049047
ER

PT J
AU Loyall, JP
   Gillen, M
   Paulos, A
   Bunch, L
   Carvalho, M
   Edmondson, J
   Schmidt, DC
   Martignoni, A
   Sinclair, A
AF Loyall, Joseph P.
   Gillen, Matthew
   Paulos, Aaron
   Bunch, Larry
   Carvalho, Marco
   Edmondson, James
   Schmidt, Douglas C.
   Martignoni, Andrew, III
   Sinclair, Asher
TI Dynamic policy-driven quality of service in service-oriented information
   management systems
SO SOFTWARE-PRACTICE & EXPERIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 13th IEEE International Symposium on Object/Component/Service-Oriented
   Real-Time Distritubed Computing (ISORC)
CY MAY 05-06, 2010
CL Carmona, SPAIN
SP IEEE
DE service-oriented architecture; quality of service; information
   management
ID REAL-TIME; QOS
AB SOA middleware has emerged as a powerful and popular distributed computing paradigm because of its high-level abstractions for composing systems and encapsulating platform-level details and complexities. Control of some details encapsulated by SOA middleware is necessary, however, to provide managed QoS for SOA systems that require predictable performance and behavior. This paper presents a policy-driven approach for managing QoS in SOA systems called QoS enabled dissemination (QED). QED includes services for: (1) specifying and enforcing the QoS preferences of individual clients; (2) mediating and aggregating QoS management on behalf of competing users; and (3) shaping information exchange to improve real-time performance. We describe QED's QoS services and mechanisms in the context of managing QoS for a set of Publish-Subscribe-Query information management services. These services provide a representative case study in which CPU and network bottlenecks can occur, client QoS preferences can conflict, and system-level QoS requirements are based on higher level, aggregate end-to-end goals. We also discuss the design of several key QoS services and describe how QED's policy-driven approach bridges users to the underlying middleware and enables QoS control based on rich and meaningful context descriptions, including users, data types, client preferences, and information characteristics. In addition, we present experimental results that quantify the improved control, differentiation, and client-level QoS enabled by QED. Copyright (C) 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Loyall, Joseph P.; Gillen, Matthew; Paulos, Aaron] BBN Technol, Cambridge, MA USA.
   [Bunch, Larry; Carvalho, Marco] Inst Human Machine Cognit, Pensacola, FL USA.
   [Edmondson, James; Schmidt, Douglas C.] Vanderbilt Univ, Inst Software Integrated Syst, Nashville, TN USA.
   [Martignoni, Andrew, III] Boeing Co, St Louis, MO USA.
   [Sinclair, Asher] USAF, Res Lab, Rome, NY USA.
RP Loyall, JP (reprint author), BBN Technol, Cambridge, MA USA.
EM jloyall@bbn.com
OI Carvalho, Marco/0000-0002-2354-9640
NR 54
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 6
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0038-0644
J9 SOFTWARE PRACT EXPER
JI Softw.-Pract. Exp.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2011
VL 41
IS 12
SI SI
BP 1459
EP 1489
DI 10.1002/spe.1101
PG 31
WC Computer Science, Software Engineering
SC Computer Science
GA 842NP
UT WOS:000296606500005
ER

PT J
AU Bristow, K
   Shaw, J
   Kundrotas, L
AF Bristow, Kelly
   Shaw, Janet
   Kundrotas, Leon
TI Not all Duodenal "Scalloping" is Celiac Disease
SO GASTROENTEROLOGY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Bristow, Kelly; Shaw, Janet; Kundrotas, Leon] USAF, Dept Med & Pathol Wilford Hall, Med Ctr, Afb, TX USA.
RP Bristow, K (reprint author), USAF, Dept Med & Pathol Wilford Hall, Med Ctr, Afb, TX USA.
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA
SN 0016-5085
J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY
JI Gastroenterology
PD NOV
PY 2011
VL 141
IS 5
BP E7
EP E8
DI 10.1053/j.gastro.2010.08.060
PG 2
WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology
SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology
GA 841KW
UT WOS:000296512200004
PM 21963798
ER

PT J
AU Bohn, MJ
   Guiney, W
   Lynch, C
   Bliss, DF
AF Bohn, Matthew J.
   Guiney, William
   Lynch, Candace
   Bliss, David F.
TI Spectral Evidence of Si Complexes in HVPE-Grown GaAs
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SEMICONDUCTOR MANUFACTURING
LA English
DT Article
DE GaAs; HVPE; orientationally patterned; photoluminescence; ultrafast
ID ORIENTATION-PATTERNED GAAS; PHASE-MATCHED GAAS; POINT-DEFECT;
   GENERATION; THICK; FILMS
AB Evidence of Si complexes was discovered in low temperature photoluminescence (PL) spectra recorded from GaAs grown by hydride vapor phase epitaxy and were measured as a function of secondary HCl flow. In addition, time resolved PL of the samples measured long radiative lifetimes, substantiating the excellent quality of the crystalline growth.
C1 [Bohn, Matthew J.] USAF, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Guiney, William] Rose Hulman Inst Technol, Terre Haute, IN 47803 USA.
   [Lynch, Candace] Photon Prod Grp Inc, Northvale, NJ 07647 USA.
   [Bliss, David F.] USAF, Res Lab, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
RP Bohn, MJ (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM matthew.bohn@anser.org; william.guiney@afit.edu; clynch@ppioptics.com;
   david.bliss@hanscom.af.mil
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research; Air Force Institute of
   Technology's Center for Directed Energy; Air Force Research Laboratory,
   Hanscom AFB, MA
FX This work was supported in part by the Air Force Office of Scientific
   Research and the Air Force Institute of Technology's Center for Directed
   Energy.; The authors would like to recognize the support of the Air
   Force Research Laboratory, Hanscom AFB, MA, and Professor R. Hengehold
   at the Air Force Institute of Technology for his assistance in analyzing
   the photoluminescence data.
NR 13
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0894-6507
J9 IEEE T SEMICONDUCT M
JI IEEE Trans. Semicond. Manuf.
PD NOV
PY 2011
VL 24
IS 4
BP 519
EP 522
DI 10.1109/TSM.2011.2160300
PG 4
WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic;
   Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Engineering; Physics
GA 840UY
UT WOS:000296468000007
ER

PT J
AU Chen, AT
   Sun, HS
   Szep, A
   Shi, SY
   Prather, D
   Lin, Z
   Kim, RS
   Abeysinghe, D
AF Chen, Antao
   Sun, Haishan
   Szep, Attila
   Shi, Shouyuan
   Prather, Dennis
   Lin, Zhou
   Kim, Richard S.
   Abeysinghe, Don
TI Achieving Higher Modulation Efficiency in Electrooptic Polymer Modulator
   With Slotted Silicon Waveguide
SO JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Electrooptic modulators; integrated optics; optical waveguides; silicon
   devices
ID CONFINING LIGHT; COUPLER; STRIP
AB Silicon slot waveguide based Mach-Zehnder interferometric modulators with electrooptic polymers in the slot have the advantage of low half-wave voltage-length product (V-pi*L). Several key aspects of this unconventional electrooptic polymer modulator design to optimize the modulator performance are studied in this work. Both computer simulation and experiments have been conducted to understand the relationship between modulator performance such as modulation efficiency, optical loss and the waveguide design parameters. Techniques to achieve efficient poling of electrooptic polymers in the silicon slot waveguide have been developed. The doping of the silicon to enhance conductivity for efficient poling and the trade-off between conductivity and optical loss are experimentally investigated. Surface passivation of silicon nanophotonic structures has been found to be effective in improving poling efficiency. By applying these techniques to a silicon slot waveguide Mach-Zehnder modulator, a low V-pi*L of 0.52 V cm has been achieved. Finally travelling wave electrode designs have been evaluated and the results show that the bandwidth is mainly limited by the attenuation of the radio frequency signal in the electrode and a standard coplanar waveguide electrode design is able to reach 20 GHz in modulators of silicon slot waveguide embedded in electrooptic polymer.
C1 [Chen, Antao; Sun, Haishan] Univ Washington, Appl Phys Lab, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
   [Szep, Attila; Lin, Zhou; Kim, Richard S.] USAF, Res Lab, Sensors Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Shi, Shouyuan; Prather, Dennis] Univ Delaware, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
   [Abeysinghe, Don] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA.
RP Chen, AT (reprint author), Univ Washington, Appl Phys Lab, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
EM antaochen@apl.washington.edu; hssun@uw.edu
RI Sun, Haishan/F-3322-2012
FU Universal Technology Corporation [10-T583-013-C1]
FX Manuscript received April 01, 2011; revised July 12, 2011; accepted
   August 16, 2011. Date of publication September 19, 2011; date of current
   version October 26, 2011. This work was supported in part by Universal
   Technology Corporation under Contract 10-T583-013-C1.
NR 21
TC 12
Z9 15
U1 2
U2 10
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0733-8724
J9 J LIGHTWAVE TECHNOL
JI J. Lightwave Technol.
PD NOV 1
PY 2011
VL 29
IS 21
BP 3310
EP 3318
DI 10.1109/JLT.2011.2168385
PG 9
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Optics; Telecommunications
GA 837WE
UT WOS:000296238300004
ER

PT J
AU Shiveley, AR
   Shade, PA
   Pilchak, AL
   Tiley, JS
   Kerns, R
AF Shiveley, A. R.
   Shade, P. A.
   Pilchak, A. L.
   Tiley, J. S.
   Kerns, R.
TI A novel method for acquiring large-scale automated scanning electron
   microscope data
SO JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY
LA English
DT Article
DE EBSD; electron backscatter diffraction; microstructure; SEM; scanning
   electron microscope; texture
ID TI-6AL-4V; WORKING; ALLOY
AB Recent software and hardware advances in the field of electron backscatter diffraction have led to an increase in the rate of data acquisition. Combining automated stage movements with conventional beam control have allowed researchers to collect data from significantly larger areas of samples than was previously possible. This paper describes a Lab VIEW (TM) and AutoIT (c) code which allows for increased flexibility compared to commercially available software. The source code for this software has been made available in the online version of this paper.
C1 [Shiveley, A. R.; Shade, P. A.; Pilchak, A. L.; Tiley, J. S.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA.
   [Shiveley, A. R.; Shade, P. A.; Pilchak, A. L.] Universal Technol Corp, Dayton, OH USA.
   [Kerns, R.] UES Inc, Dayton, OH USA.
RP Shiveley, AR (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate RXLM, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM adam.shiveley@wpafb.af.mil
RI Shade, Paul/H-6459-2011
FU Air Force Research Laboratory; Air Force Research Laboratory under the
   Institute for Science and Engineering Simulation [FA8650-08-C-5226]; Air
   Force [FA8650-07-D-5800]
FX This work was performed as part of the in-house research activities of
   the Air Force Research Laboratory's Materials and Manufacturing
   Directorate. The support and encouragement of laboratory management are
   gratefully acknowledged. This research was supported by the Air Force
   Research Laboratory under the Institute for Science and Engineering
   Simulation, Contract FA8650-08-C-5226. Three of the authors (ARS, PAS,
   ALP) were supported by Air Force Contract FA8650-07-D-5800. The authors
   acknowledge Dr. Lee Semiatin for providing the Ti-6Al-4V plane-strain
   compression sample and Dr. Michael Groeber for providing the turbine
   blade sample.
NR 18
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 6
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0022-2720
J9 J MICROSC-OXFORD
JI J. Microsc..
PD NOV
PY 2011
VL 244
IS 2
BP 181
EP 186
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2818.2011.03524.x
PG 6
WC Microscopy
SC Microscopy
GA 841FY
UT WOS:000296499100009
PM 21810094
ER

PT J
AU Aljallad, MH
   Yuan, J
   Pilatou, MC
   McDannold, NJ
   Panych, LP
AF Aljallad, Mohammed H.
   Yuan, Jing
   Pilatou, Magdalini C.
   McDannold, Nathan J.
   Panych, Lawrence P.
TI Multiresolution MRI temperature monitoring in a reduced field of view
SO MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
LA English
DT Article
DE MRI; Temperature mapping; Reduced field of view; MURPS; Focused
   ultrasound; 2DRF excitation
ID GUIDED FOCUSED ULTRASOUND; CHEMICAL-SHIFT; PHASE; THERMOMETRY;
   HYPERTHERMIA; EXCITATION; DIFFUSION; UNFOLD; VIVO; DIMENSIONS
AB Purpose: The purpose was to develop a new magnetic resonance imaging technique for fast temperature monitoring with extended volume coverage.
   Materials and Methods: The Multiple Resolutions Along Phase-Encode and Slice-Select Dimensions (MURPS) method was implemented in both a two-dimensional (2D) spoiled gradient echo (SPGR) sequence and a multishot echo-planar imaging (EPI) sequence. Both modified sequences were used to acquire image data from three slices with variable phase-encode resolution and slice thickness. In the SPGR sequence, a 2D resonant frequency pulse was also implemented to enable imaging within a reduced field of view, and this was used to monitor (at 1.5 T) the temperature changes in a live rabbit and in gel phantoms heated by focused ultrasound. A modified EPI sequence was tested during heating of a phantom undergoing motion.
   Results: The in vivo experiments demonstrated that temperature changes in unexpected locations away from the focal plane, such as near bone structures, could be detected due to the extra volume coverage afforded by the MURPS method. Temperature changes in a moving phantom were resolved using the MURPS EPI sequence with an acquisition rate of three slices every 300 ms.
   Conclusion: The MURPS method enables temperature monitoring over multiple slices without loss of temporal resolution compared with single-slice imaging and, if combined with multishot EPI, enables volume temperature monitoring in moving organs. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Pilatou, Magdalini C.; McDannold, Nathan J.; Panych, Lawrence P.] Harvard Univ, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
   [Yuan, Jing] Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Dept Imaging & Intervent Radiol, Shatin, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
   [Aljallad, Mohammed H.] USAF, Wilford Hall Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Lackland AFB, TX USA.
   [Aljallad, Mohammed H.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Lowell, MA USA.
RP Panych, LP (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
EM panych@bwh.harvard.edu
FU National Institutes of Health (NIH) [NIH P01-CA067165, P41-RR019703]
FX The authors acknowledge support from National Institutes of Health (NIH)
   grants NIH P01-CA067165 and P41-RR019703.
NR 40
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U1 1
U2 7
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0730-725X
J9 MAGN RESON IMAGING
JI Magn. Reson. Imaging
PD NOV
PY 2011
VL 29
IS 9
BP 1205
EP 1214
DI 10.1016/j.mri.2011.07.020
PG 10
WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
GA 839LH
UT WOS:000296366700006
PM 21908128
ER

PT J
AU Rogers, D
   Boyd, DD
   Fox, EE
   Cooper, S
   Goldhagen, M
   Shen, Y
   del Junco, DJ
AF Rogers, David
   Boyd, Douglas D.
   Fox, Erin E.
   Cooper, Sharon
   Goldhagen, Marc
   Shen, Yu
   del Junco, Deborah J.
TI Prostate Cancer Incidence in US Air Force Aviators Compared with
   Non-Aviators
SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
DE genitourinary malignancy; pilots; tumor
ID AIRLINE PILOTS; MORTALITY; LEUKEMIA; COHORT; RISK
AB ROGERS D, BOYD DD, FOX EE, COOPER S, GOLDHAGEN M, SHEN Y, DEL JUNCO DJ. Prostate cancer incidence in U.S. Air Force aviators compared with non-aviators. Aviat Space Environ Med 2011; 82:1067-70.
   Introduction: Several studies investigating whether prostate cancer incidence is elevated in aviators both in the civilian and military sectors have yielded inconsistent findings. Most investigations have compared aviators to the general population. Instead, our study compared prostate cancer incidence rates among officer aviators and non-aviators in the U.S. Air Force (USAF) to reduce confounding by socioeconomic status and frequency of medical exams. Methods: This retrospective analysis ascertained prostate cancer cases using the Automated Cancer Tumor Registry of the Department of Defense linked to personnel records from the USAF Personnel Center to identify aviators and non-aviators. Survival analysis using the Cox Proportional Hazards model allowed comparison of prostate cancer incidence rates in USAF aviators and non-aviators. Results: After adjustment for age and race, the hazards ratio for prostate cancer incidence comparing aviators with non-aviators was 1.15 (95% confidence interval, 0.85-1.44). Neither prostate cancer incidence nor time to diagnosis differed significantly between the two groups. Conclusion: Our study compared prostate cancer rates in aviators with a reference group of non-aviators similar in socio-economic level and frequency of exams. When compared to this internal reference group the risk of prostate cancer in USAF officer aviators appeared similar with no significant excess.
C1 [Boyd, Douglas D.; Shen, Yu] Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
   USAF, Sch Aerosp Med, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Fox, Erin E.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr Houston, Clin & Translat Sci Biostat Epidomiol Res Design, Houston, TX USA.
   [del Junco, Deborah J.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr Houston, Dept Surg, Houston, TX USA.
   [del Junco, Deborah J.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr Houston, Ctr Translat Injury Res, Houston, TX USA.
RP Boyd, DD (reprint author), Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
EM dboyd@mdanderson.org
OI Shen, Yu/0000-0002-3899-7868
FU NIH/National Center for Research Resources [UL1 RR024148]
FX This work was supported by a NIH/National Center for Research Resources
   Clinical and Translational Science Award grant (# UL1 RR024148) awarded
   to Douglas Boyd, Deborah del Junco, Erin Fox, and Sharon Cooper. We are
   also grateful to Ms. Soundia Akerele and Judith Tryon for assistance
   with approvals and database queries. We also express our gratitude to
   Mr. Tony Garton, Mark Kiser, and Dennis Davis (AFPC) for their
   invaluable assistance. Finally, we thank Sandy Kawano for technical
   editing of the manuscript.
NR 12
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 3
PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA
SN 0095-6562
J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD
JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med.
PD NOV
PY 2011
VL 82
IS 11
BP 1067
EP 1070
DI 10.3357/ASEM.3090.2011
PG 4
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General &
   Internal; Sport Sciences
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal
   Medicine; Sport Sciences
GA 837DZ
UT WOS:000296172600010
PM 22097644
ER

PT J
AU Phillips, DM
   Pierce, MR
   Baur, JW
AF Phillips, David M.
   Pierce, M. Ryan
   Baur, Jeffery W.
TI Mechanical and thermal analysis of microvascular networks in structural
   composite panels
SO COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING
LA English
DT Article
DE Hybrid; Mechanical testing; Thermal analysis; Analytical modeling
ID INTERLAMINAR SHEAR-STRENGTH; FIBER-REINFORCED COMPOSITES; INTERNAL
   SENSOR CAVITIES; POLYMER; REPAIR
AB Aerospace-grade, quasi-isotropic composite laminate panels of IM7/977-2 carbon fiber/epoxy prepreg are cured in an autoclave with microvascular channels. The channels are created both with a stainless steel tube insert and a removable mandrel to create lined and unlined passages, respectively. The interlaminar fracture toughness is examined as a function of the channel diameter and orientation to the adjacent, unidirectional fiber plies in a double cantilever beam test. The channels allow for a heat exchange fluid to flow through the composites and facilitate thermal transport. Thermography is used to examine the steady state surface temperature profiles of the horizontally oriented panels operating with internal fluid flow and external natural convection. A two-dimensional, analytic model was developed for the surface temperature profiles to understand the thermal transport within the specimens. The framework for the design and operation of multi-channel systems is established and a case study for surface temperature control is examined. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Phillips, David M.; Pierce, M. Ryan; Baur, Jeffery W.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, AFRL RX, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Phillips, David M.] Universal Technol Corp, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
   [Pierce, M. Ryan] Univ Dayton, Dept Chem & Mat Engn, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
RP Phillips, DM (reprint author), UTC, AFRL RXBC, 2941 Hobson Way,Bldg 654, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM david.phillips.ctr@wpafb.af.mil
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research [09RX02COR]
FX This work was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research
   (PM Byung-lip "Les" Lee, Grant Number 09RX02COR). The authors also thank
   Mr. Ronald Trejo of the University of Dayton Research Institute for
   performing the DCB tests.
NR 26
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U1 2
U2 14
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1359-835X
J9 COMPOS PART A-APPL S
JI Compos. Pt. A-Appl. Sci. Manuf.
PD NOV
PY 2011
VL 42
IS 11
BP 1609
EP 1619
DI 10.1016/j.compositesa.2011.07.008
PG 11
WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Materials Science, Composites
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA 837BY
UT WOS:000296167300005
ER

PT J
AU Tang, JS
   Liu, XM
   Cheng, HN
   Robinette, KM
AF Tang, Jinshan
   Liu, Xiaoming
   Cheng, Huaining
   Robinette, Kathleen M.
TI Gender Recognition Using 3-D Human Body Shapes
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SYSTEMS MAN AND CYBERNETICS PART C-APPLICATIONS AND
   REVIEWS
LA English
DT Article
DE Fourier descriptor (FD); gender recognition; normal distribution;
   support vector machine (SVM); 3-D human body shapes
ID SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE; IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM; WAVELET TRANSFORM; IRIS
   RECOGNITION; CLASSIFICATION; GAIT; FACE; CUES
AB Gender recognition has important applications in identity recognition, demographic survey, and human-computer interaction systems. In the past, gender recognition was based on 2-D images or videos, which has many limitations and disadvantages, such as low accuracy and sensitivity to the viewpoint of the camera and lighting conditions. In this paper, we investigate gender recognition using 3-D human body shapes. The 3-D human body shapes used for gender recognition were obtained by laser scanning. Different machine-learning algorithms and feature-extraction methods are investigated and analyzed in this paper. Experimental results show that the support vector machine (SVM) is the best classification algorithm, and the features represented using distributions of normals are very effective for gender recognition. Furthermore, Fourier descriptor (FD) is a robust method to analyze the breast regions and has great potential applications in 3-D human-body-shape-based biometrics. The research demonstrates that our shape-based gender recognition has achieved a very high recognition rate. The techniques provide effective ways for gender recognition and overcome some limitations in 2-D technologies.
C1 [Tang, Jinshan; Liu, Xiaoming] Alcorn State Univ, Dept Adv Technol, Alcorn State, MS 39096 USA.
   [Cheng, Huaining; Robinette, Kathleen M.] USAF, Vulnerabil Anal Branch, Human Effectiveness Directorate, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Robinette, Kathleen M.] Wright State Univ, Dayton, OH 45435 USA.
RP Tang, JS (reprint author), Alcorn State Univ, Dept Adv Technol, Alcorn State, MS 39096 USA.
EM jtang@alcorn.edu; huaining.cheng@wpafb.af.mil
NR 66
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Z9 5
U1 1
U2 4
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1094-6977
EI 1558-2442
J9 IEEE T SYST MAN CY C
JI IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. Part C-Appl. Rev.
PD NOV
PY 2011
VL 41
IS 6
BP 898
EP 908
DI 10.1109/TSMCC.2011.2104950
PG 11
WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science,
   Cybernetics; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
SC Computer Science
GA 835EZ
UT WOS:000296019400010
ER

PT J
AU Zens, T
   Becla, P
   Agarwal, AM
   Kimerling, LC
   Drehman, A
AF Zens, Timothy
   Becla, Piotr
   Agarwal, Anuradha M.
   Kimerling, Lionel C.
   Drehman, Alvin
TI Long wavelength infrared detection using amorphous InSb and InAs0.3Sb0.7
SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH
LA English
DT Article
DE Polycrystalline deposition; Antimonides; Arsenates; Semiconducting
   ternary compounds; Infrared devices
ID ELECTRICAL-PROPERTIES; THIN-FILMS; OPTICAL-CONSTANTS; EPITAXIAL-GROWTH;
   100 GAAS; INAS1-XSBX; SILICON; ALLOYS; SEMICONDUCTORS; CONDUCTIVITY
AB The structural, electronic, and optical properties of amorphous InSb and InAs0.3Sb0.7 films deposited on Corning glass, Al2O3 CdZnTe, SiO2-Si, and CaF2 substrates by Radio Frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering have been studied as they relate to Mid and Long Wavelength Infrared (MWIR and LWIR) detection. Depositions at elevated substrate temperature and pressure of <10 mTorr Ar showed an emergence of crystalline grains with strong X-ray diffraction peaks at the (111) and (220) orientations. Electronically, the amorphous InSb and InAs0.3Sb0.7 films deposited at 300 K show hopping conduction with resistance in InSb ranging from 44 to 1.1E8 Omega-cm at 300 K and 84 K, respectively. Optical analysis using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) shows the absorption of these films has an absorption tail, which shows the differing activation energies in InSb and InAs0.3Sb0.7. Amorphous InSb and InAs0.3Sb0.7 films showed responsivity in excess of 100 V/W for 6 mu m thick films held at 233 K. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Zens, Timothy; Becla, Piotr; Agarwal, Anuradha M.; Kimerling, Lionel C.] MIT, Microphoton Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
   [Drehman, Alvin] USAF, Res Lab, Hanscom AFB, MA 01730 USA.
RP Zens, T (reprint author), MIT, Microphoton Ctr, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
EM tzens@mit.edu
NR 36
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U1 2
U2 22
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-0248
J9 J CRYST GROWTH
JI J. Cryst. Growth
PD NOV 1
PY 2011
VL 334
IS 1
BP 84
EP 89
DI 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2011.08.016
PG 6
WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics
GA 838EG
UT WOS:000296269000014
ER

PT J
AU Dea, JR
AF Dea, John R.
TI Improving the performance of Higdon non-reflecting boundary conditions
   by using weighted differencing
SO APPLIED NUMERICAL MATHEMATICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Absorbing boundary conditions; Wave propagation; Klein-Gordon equation;
   Open domains; Finite differences
ID WAVE-EQUATION; DISPERSIVE WAVES; HYPERBOLIC SYSTEMS; 1ST-ORDER SYSTEMS;
   STABILITY THEORY; ELASTIC-WAVES; RADIATION; APPROXIMATIONS; MODELS
AB An improved version of the Higdon non-reflecting boundary scheme is presented, incorporating a weighting factor in the finite difference implementation. This weighting factor was mentioned briefly in the original Higdon papers but was not pursued further by Higdon or in subsequent development by later researchers. In this paper, we show analytically and by example that this weighting factor significantly improves the absorption properties of the boundary scheme, by as much as 99% over the unweighted scheme of the same order and 99.99% over the classic Sommerfeld radiation condition. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of IMACS.
C1 USAF, Dept Math & Stat, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Dea, JR (reprint author), USAF, Dept Math & Stat, Inst Technol, 2950 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM john.dea@afit.edu
FU Air Force Institute of Technology
FX The author would like to express his appreciation to the Air Force
   Institute of Technology for its support of this research. Sincere
   gratitude is also due to those reviewers who read and critiqued an
   earlier draft of this manuscript.
NR 38
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U1 0
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-9274
EI 1873-5460
J9 APPL NUMER MATH
JI Appl. Numer. Math.
PD NOV
PY 2011
VL 61
IS 11
BP 1186
EP 1197
DI 10.1016/j.apnum.2011.07.012
PG 12
WC Mathematics, Applied
SC Mathematics
GA 835JG
UT WOS:000296032100006
ER

PT J
AU Luo, H
   Lu, H
   Cooper, WL
   Komanduri, R
AF Luo, H.
   Lu, H.
   Cooper, W. L.
   Komanduri, R.
TI Effect of Mass Density on the Compressive Behavior of Dry Sand Under
   Confinement at High Strain Rates
SO EXPERIMENTAL MECHANICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Modified split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB); Mass density; Dynamic
   compaction of sand; Confinement; Hydrostatic pressure
ID PRAGER-CAP MODEL; MULTIAXIAL COMPRESSION; BRITTLE MATERIALS;
   HIGH-PRESSURES; STEEL TUBES; SOFT SOILS; DEFORMATION; SIMULATION; MEDIA;
   FOAM
AB Dynamic compressive behavior of dry quartz sand (Quikrete #1961 sand quarried in Pensacola, FL) under confinement was characterized using a modified long split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB). Sand grains were confined inside a hollow cylinder of hardened steel and capped by cemented tungsten carbide cylindrical rods. This assembly was subjected to repeated shaking to consolidate sand to attain precise bulk mass densities. It is then sandwiched between incident and transmission bars on SHPB for dynamic compression measurements. Sand specimens of five initial mass densities, namely, 1.51, 1.57, 1.63, 1.69, and 1.75 g/cm(3), were characterized at high strain rates near 600 s(-1), to determine the volumetric and deviatoric behaviors through measurements of both axial and transverse responses of a cylindrical sand sample under confinement. The stress-strain relationship was found to follow a power law relationship with the sand initial bulk density, with an exponent of 8.25, indicating a behavior highly sensitive to mass density. The energy absorption density and compressibility of sand were determined as a function of axial stress.
C1 [Luo, H.; Lu, H.] Univ Texas Dallas, Dept Mech Engn, Richardson, TX 75080 USA.
   [Cooper, W. L.] USAF, Res Lab, Valparaiso, FL 32542 USA.
   [Komanduri, R.] Oklahoma State Univ, Sch Mech & Aerosp Engn, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
RP Lu, H (reprint author), Univ Texas Dallas, Dept Mech Engn, Richardson, TX 75080 USA.
EM hongbing.lu@utdallas.edu
RI Lu, Hongbing/A-1312-2011
FU AFOSR [FA9550-08-1-0328]; NSF [CMMI-0619803, CMMI-0826241, CMMI-0928363]
FX We acknowledge the support of AFOSR through a DEPSCoR grant
   (FA9550-08-1-0328). Luo and Lu also thank the support of NSF under
   CMMI-0619803, CMMI-0826241 and CMMI-0928363. Lu also thanks the Beecherl
   Chair at the University of Texas at Dallas for additional support.
   Komanduri also thanks the A. H. Nelson, Jr. Chair in Engineering for
   additional support. We thank Sarah Staggs for taking the SEM
   micrographs.
NR 42
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U1 0
U2 15
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0014-4851
J9 EXP MECH
JI Exp. Mech.
PD NOV
PY 2011
VL 51
IS 9
BP 1499
EP 1510
DI 10.1007/s11340-011-9475-2
PG 12
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Materials Science,
   Characterization & Testing
SC Materials Science; Mechanics
GA 829UT
UT WOS:000295610500006
ER

PT J
AU Belletire, JL
   Schneider, S
   Shackelford, SA
   Peryshkov, DV
   Strauss, SH
AF Belletire, John L.
   Schneider, Stefan
   Shackelford, Scott A.
   Peryshkov, Dmitry V.
   Strauss, Steven H.
TI Pairing heterocyclic cations with closo-dodecafluorododecaborate (2-)
   Synthesis of binary heterocyclium(1+) salts and a
   Ag-4(heterocycle)(8)(4+) salt of B12F122-
SO JOURNAL OF FLUORINE CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Heterocyclium; Dodecafluorododecaborate; Perfluoroborane; Icosahedral
   borane; Icosahedral carborane; Metathesis
ID 3-DIMENSIONAL AROMATICITY; POLYHEDRAL BORANES; IONIC LIQUIDS; ANIONS
AB Eight binary salts that pair triazolium(1+), imidazolium(1+). pyrimidinium(1+), or purinium(1+) cations with the icosahedral closo-dodecafluorododecaborate(2-) anion (B12F122-) were synthesized using open-air benchtop metathesis reactions in water or acetonitrile. The scale of the reactions varied from just milligrams to nearly one gram of the K2B12F12 starting material. Other reaction conditions, the scope of the reaction, and the solubilities for the new salts are discussed. Five [heterocyclium](2)[B12F12] salts, which were obtained in yields ranging from 84% to 99%, displayed significantly higher densities than the corresponding previously reported analogous [heterocyclium](2)[B12H12] and [heterocyclium][CB11H12] salts. A ninth high-density salt consisted of B12F122- paired with a complex Ag-4(triazole)(8)(4+) cation. The structures of eight of the nine new compounds were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The density of five [heterocyclium](2)[B12F12] salts was found to increase approximately linearly as the distance between the five-membered-ring heterocyclium(1+) cation centroids decreased. This work demonstrates additional flexibility for the rational design of ionic structures with predictable properties, which will ultimately permit the tailoring of ingredient-response behavior. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Belletire, John L.] ERC Inc, AFRL RZSP, Edwards Afb, CA 93524 USA.
   [Peryshkov, Dmitry V.; Strauss, Steven H.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Chem, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
   [Schneider, Stefan; Shackelford, Scott A.] USAF, Res Lab, AFRL RZSP, Edwards Afb, CA 92524 USA.
RP Shackelford, SA (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, AFRL RZSP, 10 E Saturn Blvd, Edwards Afb, CA 92524 USA.
EM scott.shack@roadrunner.com; steven.strauss@colostate.edu
RI Peryshkov, Dmitry/B-8706-2008
FU AFRL Space; Missiles Division (AFRL/RZS); Edwards AFB, CA; ERC, Inc.,
   Huntsville, AL
FX The authors thank the AFRL Space and Missiles Division (AFRL/RZS),
   Edwards AFB, CA, and ERC, Inc., Huntsville, AL, for funding support, Dr.
   Jerry A. Boatz (AFRL/RZSP) and Prof. Herman L Ammon (Department of
   Chemistry and Biochemistry. University of Maryland) for helpful
   technical discussions, and Mr. Brett A. Wight (AFRL/RZSP) for the
   Cl<SUP>-</SUP> ion chromatography analyses of samples of salt 2.
NR 29
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U1 1
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0022-1139
J9 J FLUORINE CHEM
JI J. Fluor. Chem.
PD NOV
PY 2011
VL 132
IS 11
BP 925
EP 936
DI 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2011.07.009
PG 12
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Organic
SC Chemistry
GA 833UT
UT WOS:000295911100010
ER

PT J
AU Fang, ZQ
   Claflin, B
   Look, DC
   Chai, F
   Odekirk, B
AF Fang, Z. -Q.
   Claflin, B.
   Look, D. C.
   Chai, F.
   Odekirk, B.
TI Traps in 4H-SiC Field-Effect Transistors Characterized by Capacitance-
   and Current-Mode Deep-Level Transient Spectroscopy
SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE Traps; 4H-SiC FATFETs; deep-level transient spectroscopy (DLTS);
   capacitance-mode DLTS; current-mode DLTS
ID EPITAXIAL LAYERS; MESFETS; DEFECTS; PURITY
AB Traps in SiC long-gate metal-semiconductor field-effect transistors (FATFETs) at different wafer positions have been characterized by deep-level transient spectroscopy (DLTS) based on capacitance (C-DLTS) or current (I-DLTS). Two major electron traps, Z (1/2) and V (1/2), of energies 0.68 eV and 0.91 eV, respectively, are found mainly in the SiC buffer layer, and several hole-like traps appear in the surface or interface regions. In some regions of the wafer, an electron trap EH6/7 of energy 1.77 eV is prominent. Trap EH6/7 as well as the hole-like traps are not uniformly distributed on the wafer.
C1 [Fang, Z. -Q.; Look, D. C.] Wright State Univ, Semicond Res Ctr, Dayton, OH 45435 USA.
   [Fang, Z. -Q.; Claflin, B.; Look, D. C.] USAF, Sensors Directorate, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Chai, F.; Odekirk, B.] Microsemi PPG, Bend, OR 97702 USA.
RP Fang, ZQ (reprint author), Wright State Univ, Semicond Res Ctr, Dayton, OH 45435 USA.
EM zhaoqiang.fang@wright.edu
FU AFRL [FA8650-07-C-5400]
FX We would like to thank John Blevins for encouragement and support. This
   work was supported by AFRL Contract Number FA8650-07-C-5400.
NR 21
TC 1
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U1 1
U2 4
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0361-5235
J9 J ELECTRON MATER
JI J. Electron. Mater.
PD NOV
PY 2011
VL 40
IS 11
BP 2179
EP 2186
DI 10.1007/s11664-011-1741-7
PG 8
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science,
   Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics
GA 826PG
UT WOS:000295365500002
ER

PT J
AU Murnieks, CY
   Haynie, JM
   Wiltbank, RE
   Harting, T
AF Murnieks, Charles Y.
   Haynie, J. Michael
   Wiltbank, Robert E.
   Harting, Troy
TI 'I Like How You Think': Similarity as an Interaction Bias in the
   Investor-Entrepreneur Dyad
SO JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES
LA English
DT Article
ID VENTURE CAPITALISTS EVALUATIONS; MANAGER-SUBORDINATE DYADS; START-UP
   TEAMS; RELATIONAL DEMOGRAPHY; INTERPERSONAL-ATTRACTION; FIRM
   PERFORMANCE; DECISION-MAKING; REGULATORY FIT; TRADE-OFFS; ORGANIZATIONS
AB Investigating the factors that influence venture capital decision-making has a long tradition in the management and entrepreneurship literatures. However, few studies have considered the factors that might bias an investment decision in a way that is idiosyncratic to a given investor-entrepreneur dyad. We do so in this study. Specifically, we build from the literature on the 'similarity effect' to investigate the extent to which decision-making process similarity (shared between the investor and the entrepreneur) might bias or otherwise impact the investor's evaluation of a new venture investment opportunity. Our findings suggest venture capitalists evaluate more favourably opportunities represented by entrepreneurs who 'think' in ways similar to their own. Moreover, in the presence of decision-making process similarity, the impacts of other factors that inform the investment decision actually change in counter-intuitive ways.
C1 [Haynie, J. Michael] Syracuse Univ, Whitman Sch Management, Dept Entrepreneurship & Emerging Enterprises, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA.
   USAF Acad, Colorado Springs, CO USA.
   Willamette Univ, Salem, OR USA.
RP Haynie, JM (reprint author), Syracuse Univ, Whitman Sch Management, Dept Entrepreneurship & Emerging Enterprises, 721 Univ Ave, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA.
EM jmhaynie@syr.edu
RI li, jian/B-2054-2012
NR 77
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 4
U2 46
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0022-2380
J9 J MANAGE STUD
JI J. Manage. Stud.
PD NOV
PY 2011
VL 48
IS 7
BP 1533
EP 1561
DI 10.1111/j.1467-6486.2010.00992.x
PG 29
WC Business; Management
SC Business & Economics
GA 823PW
UT WOS:000295136200003
ER

PT J
AU Branaghan, RJ
   Covas-Smith, CM
   Jackson, KD
   Eidman, C
AF Branaghan, Russell J.
   Covas-Smith, Christine M.
   Jackson, Kenneth D.
   Eidman, Craig
TI Using knowledge structures to redesign an instructor-operator station
SO APPLIED ERGONOMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Mental models; Menu design; Simulation training
ID PROXIMITY COMPATIBILITY; SIMULATION; RESIDENTS; DESIGN; SKILLS; FLIGHT;
   TASKS
AB Frequently, user interface (UI) designers must choose between modifying an established, but suboptimal and familiar, UI or to avoid such changes. Changing the UI's, organization may frustrate users who have become familiar with the original design, whereas failing to make changes may force users to perform at an unsatisfactory level. This paper presents two studies that investigate whether users familiar with a poorly designed UI would find items faster, and prefer a reorganized UI that conformed to domain expert knowledge, or would their familiarity with the original UI yield faster performance and higher satisfaction.
   This paper describes activities to redesign a menu structure in a simulator instructor-operator station (IOS) using hierarchical card sorting and cluster analysis (Romesburg, 2004). This analysis was used to reorganize the menu structure to reflect the knowledge representations of domain experts in accordance with the principle of proximity compatibility (Wickens and Carswell, 1995; Rothrock et al., 2006). The new design was validated with a separate set of users by a reaction time experiment and preference selection. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd and The Ergonomics Society. All rights reserved.
C1 [Branaghan, Russell J.] Arizona State Univ, Cognit Sci & Engn Program, Mesa, AZ 85212 USA.
   [Covas-Smith, Christine M.; Jackson, Kenneth D.; Eidman, Craig] USAF, Res Lab, Mesa, AZ USA.
RP Branaghan, RJ (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Cognit Sci & Engn Program, 150 D Santa Catalina Hall,7271 E Sonoran Arroyo M, Mesa, AZ 85212 USA.
EM Russ.branaghan@asu.edu
NR 27
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 7
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0003-6870
J9 APPL ERGON
JI Appl. Ergon.
PD NOV
PY 2011
VL 42
IS 6
BP 934
EP 940
DI 10.1016/j.apergo.2011.03.002
PG 7
WC Engineering, Industrial; Ergonomics; Psychology, Applied
SC Engineering; Psychology
GA 803AB
UT WOS:000293551000021
PM 21459361
ER

PT J
AU Heiser, WH
   Huxley, T
   Bucey, JW
AF Heiser, W. H.
   Huxley, T.
   Bucey, J. W.
TI The Brayton Cycle Using Real Air and Polytropic Component Efficiencies
SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING FOR GAS TURBINES AND POWER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE
   ASME
LA English
DT Article
AB This paper presents the results of a fundamental, comprehensive, and rigorous analytical and computational examination of the performance of the Brayton propulsion and power cycle employing real air as the working fluid. This approach capitalizes on the benefits inherent in closed cycle thermodynamic reasoning and the behavior of the thermally perfect gas to facilitate analysis. The analysis uses a high fidelity correlation to represent the specific heat at constant pressure of air as a function of temperature and the polytropic efficiency to evaluate the overall efficiency of the adiabatic compression and expansion processes. The analytical results are algebraic, transparent, and easily manipulated, and the computational results present a useful guidance for designers and users. The operating range of design parameters considered covers any current and foreseeable application. The results include some important comparisons with more simplified conventional analyses. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4003671]
C1 [Heiser, W. H.; Huxley, T.; Bucey, J. W.] USAF Acad, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
RP Heiser, WH (reprint author), USAF Acad, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
FU Department of Aeronautics (DFAN) of the U.S. Air Force Academy
FX The authors are appreciative of the financial support provided to this
   project by the Department of Aeronautics (DFAN) of the U.S. Air Force
   Academy, for the productive climate created by DFAN and the Aeronautics
   Laboratory, for the helpful advice and technical guidance provided by
   the faculty, and for the competent administrative support provided by
   the Digital Consultant Services, Inc.
NR 11
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
SN 0742-4795
J9 J ENG GAS TURB POWER
JI J. Eng. Gas. Turbines Power-Trans. ASME
PD NOV
PY 2011
VL 133
IS 11
AR 111702
DI 10.1115/1.4003671
PG 9
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA 766ET
UT WOS:000290764500007
ER

PT J
AU Ullrich, B
   Wang, JS
   Brown, GJ
AF Ullrich, B.
   Wang, J. S.
   Brown, G. J.
TI Analysis of thermal band gap variations of PbS quantum dots by Fourier
   transform transmission and emission spectroscopy (vol 99, 081901, 2011)
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Correction
C1 [Ullrich, B.; Wang, J. S.; Brown, G. J.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Ullrich, B (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM bruno.ullrich@yahoo.com
NR 1
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
   MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD OCT 31
PY 2011
VL 99
IS 18
AR 189902
DI 10.1063/1.3659487
PG 1
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 843GD
UT WOS:000296659400106
ER

PT J
AU Govyadinov, AA
   Panasyuk, GY
   Schotland, JC
   Markel, VA
AF Govyadinov, Alexander A.
   Panasyuk, George Y.
   Schotland, John C.
   Markel, Vadim A.
TI Theoretical and numerical investigation of the size-dependent optical
   effects in metal nanoparticles
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID SURFACE-PLASMON RESONANCE; SILVER NANOPARTICLES; PARTICLES; ELECTRON; AG
AB We further develop the theory of quantum finite-size effects in metallic nanoparticles, which was originally formulated by F. Hache, D. Ricard, and C. Flytzanis [J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 3, 1647 (1986)] and (in a somewhat corrected form) by S. G. Rautian [Sov.Phys.JETP85, 451 (1997)]. These references consider a metal nanoparticle as a degenerate Fermi gas of conduction electrons in an infinitely high spherical potential well. This model (referred to as the HRFR model below) yields mathematical expressions for the linear and the third-order nonlinear polarizabilities of a nanoparticle in terms of infinite nested series. These series have not been evaluated numerically so far and, in the case of nonlinear polarizability, they cannot be evaluated with the use of conventional computers due to the high computational complexity involved. Rautian has derived a set of remarkable analytical approximations to the series but direct numerical verification of Rautian's approximate formulas remained a formidable challenge. In this work, we derive an expression for the third-order nonlinear polarizability, which is exact within the HRFR model but amenable to numerical implementation. We then evaluate the expressions obtained by us numerically for both linear and nonlinear polarizabilities. We investigate the limits of applicability of Rautian's approximations and find that they are surprisingly accurate in a wide range of physical parameters. We also discuss the limits of small frequencies (comparable to or below the Drude relaxation constant) and of large particle sizes (the bulk limit) and show that these limits are problematic for the HRFR model, irrespective of any additional approximations used. Finally, we compare the HRFR model to the purely classical theory of nonlinear polarization of metal nanoparticles developed by us earlier [G. Y. Panasyuk, J. C. Schotland, and V. A. Markel, Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 47402 (2008)].
C1 [Govyadinov, Alexander A.] CIC NanoGUNE Consolider, E-20018 Guipuzcoa, Spain.
   [Panasyuk, George Y.] USAF, Prop Directorate, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Schotland, John C.] Univ Michigan, Dept Math, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
   [Markel, Vadim A.] Univ Penn, Dept Radiol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
   [Govyadinov, Alexander A.; Panasyuk, George Y.; Markel, Vadim A.] Univ Penn, Dept Bioengn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
   [Markel, Vadim A.] Univ Penn, Grad Grp Appl Math & Computat Sci, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
RP Govyadinov, AA (reprint author), CIC NanoGUNE Consolider, E-20018 Guipuzcoa, Spain.
RI Govyadinov, Alexander/A-2086-2010; Markel, Vadim/A-1029-2007; Panasyuk,
   George/C-7649-2015; nanoGUNE, CIC/A-2623-2015; 
OI Markel, Vadim/0000-0002-9748-6865; Panasyuk, George/0000-0002-4873-990X;
   Schotland, John/0000-0003-0545-1962
FU NSF [DMR0425780]; National Research Council at the Air Force Research
   Laboratory
FX This work was supported by the NSF under Grant No. DMR0425780. One of
   the authors (G.Y.P.) is supported by the National Research Council
   Senior Associateship Award at the Air Force Research Laboratory.
NR 21
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 2
U2 16
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD OCT 31
PY 2011
VL 84
IS 15
AR 155461
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.84.155461
PG 12
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 845VT
UT WOS:000296853700028
ER

PT J
AU Panasyuk, GY
   Schotland, JC
   Markel, VA
AF Panasyuk, George Y.
   Schotland, John C.
   Markel, Vadim A.
TI Quantum theory of the electromagnetic response of metal nanofilms
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID OPTICAL NONLINEARITIES; SMALL SPHERE; SURFACE; NANOPARTICLES; PARTICLES;
   JELLIUM; MODEL; NANOSTRUCTURES; POLARIZABILITY; APPROXIMATION
AB We develop a quantum theory of electron confinement in metal nanofilms. The theory is used to compute the nonlinear response of the film to a static or low-frequency external electric field and to investigate the role of boundary conditions imposed on the metal surface. We find that the sign and magnitude of the nonlinear polarizability depends dramatically on the type of boundary condition used.
C1 [Panasyuk, George Y.] USAF, Prop Directorate, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Schotland, John C.] Univ Michigan, Dept Math, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
   [Markel, Vadim A.] Univ Penn, Dept Radiol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
   [Panasyuk, George Y.; Markel, Vadim A.] Univ Penn, Dept Bioengn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
   [Markel, Vadim A.] Univ Penn, Dept Grad Grp Appl Math & Computat Sci, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
RP Panasyuk, GY (reprint author), USAF, Prop Directorate, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RI Markel, Vadim/A-1029-2007; Panasyuk, George/C-7649-2015; 
OI Markel, Vadim/0000-0002-9748-6865; Panasyuk, George/0000-0002-4873-990X;
   Schotland, John/0000-0003-0545-1962
FU NSF [DMR0425780]; National Research Council at the Air Force Research
   Laboratory
FX This work was supported by the NSF under the Grant No. DMR0425780. One
   of the authors (G.Y.P.) is supported by the National Research Council
   Senior Associateship Award at the Air Force Research Laboratory.
NR 39
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 9
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD OCT 31
PY 2011
VL 84
IS 15
AR 155460
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.84.155460
PG 10
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 845VT
UT WOS:000296853700027
ER

PT J
AU Boudouridis, A
   Lyons, LR
   Zesta, E
   Weygand, JM
   Ribeiro, AJ
   Ruohoniemi, JM
AF Boudouridis, A.
   Lyons, L. R.
   Zesta, E.
   Weygand, J. M.
   Ribeiro, A. J.
   Ruohoniemi, J. M.
TI Statistical study of the effect of solar wind dynamic pressure fronts on
   the dayside and nightside ionospheric convection
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID INTERPLANETARY MAGNETIC-FIELD; HIGH-LATITUDE CONVECTION; SOUTHWARD IMF;
   PROTON AURORA; Y-COMPONENT; MAGNETOSPHERE; PULSE; SYSTEM; SHOCK;
   PROPAGATION
AB Over the past few years, the prominent role of solar wind dynamic pressure in enhancing dayside and nightside reconnection and driving-enhanced ionospheric convection has been documented by both ground and spaceborne instruments. For a previous case study of an abrupt increase in solar wind dynamic pressure, Super Dual Auroral Radar Network (SuperDARN) measurements of plasma convection within the dayside polar ionosphere revealed an immediate enhancement of plasma convection. The convection enhancement variation closely follows the variation in solar wind pressure. The dayside enhancement was followed by a nightside convection increase about 40 min later, which has similar variation characteristics as seen on the dayside. We now use SuperDARN flow measurements during a large number of solar wind pressure enhancements to conduct a superposed epoch analysis of the effects of solar wind pressure fronts on the dayside and nightside ionospheric convection. The results for the dayside show an increase of convection for nearly all interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) B-z values. The response is more pronounced and immediate (within minutes) for southward IMF, with a duration of 20-30 min. The response time scales increase to 5-10 min for northward IMF, and the enhanced flows last for 30-50 min. We also find a significant enhancement of nightside convection, particularly for small values of IMF B-y, that follows about 10-15 min after the dayside response and can last for 40-50 min.
C1 [Boudouridis, A.; Lyons, L. R.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
   [Ribeiro, A. J.; Ruohoniemi, J. M.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Bradley Dept Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
   [Weygand, J. M.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
   [Zesta, E.] USAF, Res Lab, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
RP Boudouridis, A (reprint author), Space Sci Inst, 4750 Walnut St,Suite 205, Boulder, CO 80301 USA.
EM thanasis@spacescience.org
FU NASA [NNX06AB89G, NNX08AM46G]
FX The authors wish to thank D. R. Weimer at Virginia Polytechnic and State
   University for providing the Weimer variance analysis routine. We
   acknowledge N. Ness at Bartol Research Institute, C. W. Smith at
   University of New Hamshire, S. Kokubun at STELAB Nagoya University,
   Japan, R. P. Lepping at NASA GSFC, D. J. McComas at SWRI, L. A. Frank at
   the University of Iowa, R. P. Lin at the University of California,
   Berkeley, and CDAWeb for the use of IMF and plasma data from ACE,
   Geotail, and Wind. This work was supported by NASA grants NNX06AB89G and
   NNX08AM46G.
NR 46
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9380
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD OCT 29
PY 2011
VL 116
AR A10233
DI 10.1029/2011JA016582
PG 14
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 839HJ
UT WOS:000296355800001
ER

PT J
AU Vahala, G
   Yepez, J
   Vahala, L
   Soe, M
   Zhang, B
   Ziegeler, S
AF Vahala, George
   Yepez, Jeffrey
   Vahala, Linda
   Soe, Min
   Zhang, Bo
   Ziegeler, Sean
TI Poincare recurrence and spectral cascades in three-dimensional quantum
   turbulence
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E
LA English
DT Article
ID EQUATION; GAS; REPRESENTATION; MECHANICS; SOLITONS; MODEL
AB The time evolution of the ground state wave function of a zero-temperature Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) gas is well described by the Hamiltonian Gross-Pitaevskii (GP) equation. Using a set of appropriately interleaved unitary collision-stream operators, a qubit lattice gas algorithm is devised, which on taking moments, recovers the Gross-Pitaevskii (GP) equation under diffusion ordering (time scales as length(2)). Unexpectedly, there is a class of initial states whose Poincare recurrence time is extremely short and which, as the grid resolution is increased, scales with diffusion ordering (and not as length(3)). The spectral results of J. Yepez et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 084501 (2009).] for quantum turbulence are revised and it is found that it is the compressible kinetic energy spectrum that exhibits three distinct spectral regions: a small-k classical-like Kolmogorov k(-5/3), a steep semiclassical cascade region, and a large-k quantum vortex spectrum k(-3). For most evolution times the incompressible kinetic energy spectrum exhibits a somewhat robust quantum vortex spectrum of k(-3) for an extended range in k with a k(-3.4) spectrum for intermediate k. For linear vortices of winding number 1 there is an intermittent loss of the quantum vortex cascade with its signature seen in the time evolution of the kinetic energy E(kin)(t), the loss of the quantum vortex k(-3) spectrum in the incompressible kinetic energy spectrum as well as the minimalization of the vortex core isosurfaces that would totally inhibit any Kelvin wave vortex cascade. In the time intervals around these intermittencies the incompressible kinetic energy also exhibits a multicascade spectrum.
C1 [Vahala, George; Zhang, Bo] William & Mary, Dept Phys, Williamsburg, VA 23185 USA.
   [Yepez, Jeffrey] USAF, Res Lab, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
   [Vahala, Linda] Old Dominion Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA.
   [Soe, Min] Rogers State Univ, Dept Math & Phys Sci, Claremore, OK 74017 USA.
   [Ziegeler, Sean] High Performance Technol Inc, Reston, VA 20190 USA.
RP Vahala, G (reprint author), William & Mary, Dept Phys, Williamsburg, VA 23185 USA.
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research; Department of Energy
FX This work was partially supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific
   Research and the Department of Energy. Computations were predominantly
   performed on the SGI Altix ICE at the ARL and ERDC DoD High Performance
   Computing Centers, with some computations also performed at DoE NERSC
   facility.
NR 29
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1539-3755
J9 PHYS REV E
JI Phys. Rev. E
PD OCT 28
PY 2011
VL 84
IS 4
AR 046713
DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.84.046713
PN 2
PG 17
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical
SC Physics
GA 841TR
UT WOS:000296536900007
PM 22181313
ER

PT J
AU Nishioka, M
   Basu, S
   Basu, S
   Valladares, CE
   Sheehan, RE
   Roddy, PA
   Groves, KM
AF Nishioka, M.
   Basu, Su.
   Basu, S.
   Valladares, C. E.
   Sheehan, R. E.
   Roddy, P. A.
   Groves, K. M.
TI C/NOFS satellite observations of equatorial ionospheric plasma
   structures supported by multiple ground-based diagnostics in October
   2008
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID COLLISIONAL INTERCHANGE INSTABILITY; SPREAD-F; NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS;
   SCALE IRREGULARITIES; LATITUDE IONOSPHERE; SCINTILLATIONS; REGION;
   MODEL; RADAR; DISTURBANCES
AB In early October 2008, the C/NOFS satellite orbited near the magnetic equator at its perigee altitude of similar to 400 km at dusk in the Peruvian sector. This provided an ideal opportunity for a comparison, under the current very low solar flux condition, of equatorial ionospheric disturbances observed with the Communication/Navigation Outage Forecasting System (C/NOFS) in situ measurements and ground-based observations available near Jicamarca Observatory. The primary objective was the comparison of plasma density disturbances measured by a Planar Langmuir Probe (PLP) instrument on the C/NOFS satellite with VHF scintillation activity at Ancon near Jicamarca for this period. Here we discuss in detail two extreme cases: one in which severe in situ disturbances were accompanied by mild scintillation on a particular day, namely, 10 October while there was little in situ disturbance with strong scintillation on 5 October. This apparent contradiction was diagnosed further by a latitudinal ground-based GPS network at Peruvian longitudes, a Digisonde, and the incoherent scatter radar (ISR) at Jicamarca. The crucial distinction was provided by the behavior of the equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA). The EIA was well-developed on the day having severe in situ disturbances (10 Oct). This led to lower equatorial plasma density and total electron content (TEC) at the equator and consequently reduced the scintillations detected at Ancon. On the other hand, on the day with severe scintillations (5 Oct), the EIA was not so well developed as on 10 October, leading to relatively higher equatorial plasma density and TEC. Consequently the severe scintillations at Ancon were likely caused by ionospheric structure located below the altitude of C/NOFS. The NRL SAMI2 model was utilized to gain a greater understanding of the role of neutral winds and electric fields in reproducing the TEC as a function of latitude for both classes of irregularities. Spectral studies with high resolution in situ PLP data were also performed. The power law spectra within the plasma bubbles showed two slopes: the low frequency slope being similar to-5/3 and the high frequency similar to-5 with a break around lambda = 70 m. This particular type of two-slope spectra may be related to the extremely low solar activity and its impact on ion composition and temperature.
C1 [Roddy, P. A.; Groves, K. M.] USAF, Res Lab, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
   [Nishioka, M.; Basu, Su.; Basu, S.; Valladares, C. E.; Sheehan, R. E.] Boston Coll, Inst Sci Res, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 USA.
RP Nishioka, M (reprint author), Natl Inst Informat & Commun Technol, 2-1 Nukuikita,4 Chome, Koganei, Tokyo 1848795, Japan.
EM sunanda.basu@bc.edu
FU Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS); ONR
   [N00014-09-1-0432]; AFRL [FA 8718-08-C-0012]; NSF [ATM-0521487]; AFOSR
   [2311AS]
FX We thank J.L. Chau of Jicamarca Radio Observatory for making available
   Jicamarca ISR data and magnetometer data from Jicamarca and Piura.
   Ionosonde data at Jicamarca were obtained through the Digital Ionogram
   Database of the University of Massachusetts at Lowell. This work
   utilized the SAMI2 ionosphere model developed by the Naval Research
   Laboratory. We thank S. E. McDonald for her comments on the use of SAMI2
   in the modeling part of the paper. M. Nishioka was supported by the
   Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS). The work at Boston
   College was supported by several grants: ONR grant N00014-09-1-0432,
   AFRL contract FA 8718-08-C-0012 and by NSF grant ATM-0521487. The work
   at AFRL was supported by AFOSR task 2311AS.
NR 40
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 7
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9380
EI 2169-9402
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD OCT 28
PY 2011
VL 116
AR A10323
DI 10.1029/2011JA016446
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 839HI
UT WOS:000296355700001
ER

PT J
AU MacNeice, P
   Elliott, B
   Acebal, A
AF MacNeice, Peter
   Elliott, Brian
   Acebal, Ariel
TI Validation of community models: 3. Tracing field lines in heliospheric
   models
SO SPACE WEATHER-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
ID ENERGETIC PARTICLE EVENTS; SOLAR MAGNETIC-FIELD; WIND SPEED; ABUNDANCES;
   TRANSPORT; ORIGIN; FLARES; CORONA; SUN
AB Forecasting hazardous gradual solar energetic particle (SEP) bursts at Earth requires accurately modeling field line connections between Earth and the locations of coronal or interplanetary shocks that accelerate the particles. We test the accuracy of field lines reconstructed using four different models of the ambient coronal and inner heliospheric magnetic field, through which these shocks must propagate, including the coupled Wang-Sheeley-Arge (WSA)/ENLIL model. Evaluating the WSA/ENLIL model performance is important since it is the most sophisticated model currently available to space weather forecasters which can model interplanetary coronal mass ejections and, when coupled with particle acceleration and transport models, will provide a complete model for gradual SEP bursts. Previous studies using a simpler Archimedean spiral approach above 2.5 solar radii have reported poor performance. We test the accuracy of the model field lines connecting Earth to the Sun at the onset times of 15 impulsive SEP bursts, comparing the foot points of these field lines with the locations of surface events believed to be responsible for the SEP bursts. We find the WSA/ENLIL model performance is no better than the simplest spiral model, and the principal source of error is the model's inability to reproduce sufficient low-latitude open flux. This may be due to the model's use of static synoptic magnetograms, which fail to account for transient activity in the low corona, during which reconnection events believed to initiate the SEP acceleration may contribute short-lived open flux at low latitudes. Time-dependent coronal models incorporating these transient events may be needed to significantly improve Earth/Sun field line forecasting.
C1 [MacNeice, Peter] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
   [Elliott, Brian; Acebal, Ariel] USAF, Dept Engn Phys, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP MacNeice, P (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 674, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM Peter.J.MacNeice@nasa.gov
NR 28
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 1542-7390
J9 SPACE WEATHER
JI Space Weather
PD OCT 20
PY 2011
VL 9
AR S10003
DI 10.1029/2011SW000665
PG 15
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology &
   Atmospheric Sciences
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology &
   Atmospheric Sciences
GA 837AE
UT WOS:000296161800001
ER

PT J
AU Amer, MS
   Todd, TK
   Busbee, JD
AF Amer, Maher S.
   Todd, T. Kyle
   Busbee, John D.
TI Effect of linear alcohol molecular size on the self-assembly of
   fullerene whiskers
SO MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Fullerenes; Nanostructures; Raman spectroscopy and scattering; Phase
   transitions
ID INTERFACIAL PRECIPITATION METHOD; CARBON-TETRACHLORIDE MIXTURES; C-60
   NANOWHISKERS; STRUCTURAL-CHARACTERIZATION; METHANOL/WATER MIXTURES;
   AROMATIC SOLVENTS; GROWTH-MECHANISM; NANOTUBES; SPECTROSCOPY;
   NANOSPHERES
AB The recent development of self-assembled fullerene whiskers and wires has created an enormous potential and resolved a serious challenge for utilizing such unique class of carbon material in advanced nano-scale, molecular-based electronic, optical, and thermal devices. In this paper we investigate, the self-assembly of C-60 molecules into one-dimensional whiskers using a series of linear alcohols H(CH2)(n)OH, with n changing from 1 (methanol) to 3 (isopropyl alcohol), to elucidate the effect of alcohol molecular size on the size distribution of the self-assemble fullerene whiskers. Our results show that the length of the produced fullerene whiskers is affected by the molecular size of the alcohol used in the process. The crucial role played by solvent/alcohol interaction in the assembly process is discussed. In addition, Raman spectroscopy measurements support the notion that the self-assembled whiskers are primarily held by depletion forces and no evidence of fullerene polymerization was observed. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Amer, Maher S.] Wright State Univ, Dept Mech & Mat Engn, Russ Ctr 209, Dayton, OH 45435 USA.
   [Amer, Maher S.; Busbee, John D.] USAF, Res Lab, Nano & Bio Branch, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Amer, MS (reprint author), Wright State Univ, Dept Mech & Mat Engn, Russ Ctr 209, 3640 Col Glenn HWY, Dayton, OH 45435 USA.
EM maher.amer@wright.edu
RI Amer, Maher/A-1802-2009
FU NSF DMR
FX M. S. Amer acknowledges partial support from NSF DMR for this research.
NR 47
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 14
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0254-0584
J9 MATER CHEM PHYS
JI Mater. Chem. Phys.
PD OCT 17
PY 2011
VL 130
IS 1-2
BP 90
EP 94
DI 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2011.05.070
PG 5
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA 829RJ
UT WOS:000295601700016
ER

PT J
AU Adams, SF
   Williamson, JM
   Fisher, DM
AF Adams, Steven F.
   Williamson, James M.
   Fisher, Dustin M.
TI Rotational temperature analysis of N-2 by resonant enhanced multi-photon
   ionization with fluorescence detection
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID MOLECULAR NITROGEN; ABSORPTION; SPECTRUM; STATES; NM
AB A non-invasive, optical technique to determine the rotational temperature of molecular nitrogen at atmospheric pressure by direct probing of the N-2(X-1 Sigma(+,)(g) v = 0) ground state with subsequent analysis of the rotational state distribution is presented. A tunable probe laser was scanned over resonant-enhanced, multi-photon ionization transitions initiating from various N-2(X-1 Sigma(+)(g), v = 0, J '') states. At atmospheric pressure, the laser photo-ionization also induced N-2(+) fluorescence bands. Analysis of the relative fluorescence as a function of laser wavelength produced a calculated N-2(X-1 Sigma(+)(g), v = 0, J '') rotational state distribution and determined the rotational temperature. The analysis also resulted in the assignment and tabulation of 11 previously unreported term energies for N-2(b(1)Pi(+)(u), v = 6) and N-2(b(1)Pi(-)(u), v = 6) for J' > 22, based on the experimental data. The method resulted in temperature determinations for two experimental trials in atmospheric N-2 gas flows at room temperature and 600K that were in good agreement with thermocouple measurements in the vicinity of the laser probe region. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3652867]
C1 [Adams, Steven F.] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Williamson, James M.] Universal Energy Syst Inc, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
   [Fisher, Dustin M.] Dartmouth Coll, Hanover, NH 03755 USA.
RP Adams, SF (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM steven.adams@wpafb.af.mil; james.williamson.ctr@wpafb.af.mil;
   dustin.m.fisher@dartmouth.edu
NR 11
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 5
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
   MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD OCT 15
PY 2011
VL 110
IS 8
AR 083309
DI 10.1063/1.3652867
PG 7
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 841NU
UT WOS:000296519900031
ER

PT J
AU Buquoi, JQ
   Smith, DW
   Iacono, ST
AF Buquoi, John Q.
   Smith, Dennis W., Jr.
   Iacono, Scott T.
TI Kinetic Study of Semifluorinated Arylene Vinylene Ether Polymers
SO JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART A-POLYMER CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE fluoropolymers; high performance polymers; kinetics (polym.);
   polyethers; step-growth polymerization
ID ANIONIC-POLYMERIZATION REACTIVITY; HEXAFLUORO-1,3-BUTADIENE;
   PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; MONOMERS
AB Fluorinated arylene vinylene ether (FAVE) polymers were prepared from the base-promoted addition of commercial 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)hexafluoropropane (6F bisphenol A) to aryl trifluorovinyl ether (TFVE), 2,2'-bis(4-trifluorovinyloxybiphenyl)-1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane. The step-growth polymerization kinetics by using stoichiometric NaH and catalytic Cs(2)CO(3) were investigated by monitoring the (19)F NMR signals of the aryl TFVEs. The nth order kinetic model was used to determine rate constants over a series of programmed temperatures. Polymerization using stoichiometric NaH resulted in second-order kinetics with an activation energy of 59 kJ/mol. This model kinetic study provided insight into the mechanistic pathways of the FAVE polymer system that has recently shown a lot of interest in many areas of materials science. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 49: 4441-4447, 2011
C1 [Buquoi, John Q.; Iacono, Scott T.] USAF Acad, Dept Chem, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
   [Smith, Dennis W., Jr.] Univ Texas Dallas, Dept Chem, Richardson, TX 75080 USA.
   [Smith, Dennis W., Jr.] Univ Texas Dallas, Alan G MacDiarmid NanoTech Inst, Richardson, TX 75080 USA.
RP Iacono, ST (reprint author), USAF Acad, Dept Chem, 2355 Fairchild Dr, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
EM scott.iacono@usafa.edu
NR 25
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 7
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0887-624X
J9 J POLYM SCI POL CHEM
JI J. Polym. Sci. Pol. Chem.
PD OCT 15
PY 2011
VL 49
IS 20
BP 4441
EP 4447
DI 10.1002/pola.24885
PG 7
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 831FT
UT WOS:000295714800016
ER

PT J
AU Szmulowicz, F
   Haugan, HJ
   Elhamri, S
   Brown, GJ
AF Szmulowicz, F.
   Haugan, H. J.
   Elhamri, S.
   Brown, G. J.
TI Calculation of vertical and horizontal mobilities in InAs/GaSb
   superlattices
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID INTERFACE-ROUGHNESS SCATTERING; SEMICONDUCTOR SUPER-LATTICE;
   LOW-TEMPERATURE MOBILITY; HGTE-CDTE SUPERLATTICES; QUANTUM-WELLS;
   INAS/GA1-XINXSB SUPERLATTICES; GAAS/GAALAS SUPERLATTICE;
   ELECTRONIC-PROPERTIES; ALLOY SCATTERING; TRANSPORT
AB Superlattice (SL) devices such as infrared detectors and quantum-cascade lasers rely on efficient transport of carriers perpendicular to the SL layers by drift and/or diffusion. While horizontal mobilities are measured routinely, measurements of perpendicular-carrier mobilities require nonstandard experimental techniques such as the geometric magneto-resistance. Here we show how perpendicular mobilities can be estimated from horizontal mobility measurements and calculated mobilities. We treat low-temperature horizontal and vertical transport in SL on an equal footing by calculating both mobilities using the same interface roughness scattering (IRS) model from a rigorous solution of the Boltzmann transport equation. The calculation is specialized to the case of InAs/GaSb SLs, which are of current interest in the development of third-generation infrared detector focal plane arrays. The results are compared to available data.
C1 [Szmulowicz, F.] Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
   [Haugan, H. J.] Universal Technol Corp, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
   [Elhamri, S.] Univ Dayton, Dept Phys, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
   [Brown, G. J.] USAF, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Szmulowicz, F (reprint author), Univ Dayton, Res Inst, 300 Coll Pk Ave, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
EM frank.szmulowicz.ctr@wpafb.af.mil
FU AF at the Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, AFRL/RXPS
   [FA8650-11-D-5401]
FX The work of FS was supported by the AF Contract FA8650-11-D-5401 at the
   Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, AFRL/RXPS. FS would like to
   thank Y. Fu (KTH, Sweden) for useful discussions regarding alloy
   scattering.
NR 69
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 9
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD OCT 13
PY 2011
VL 84
IS 15
AR 155307
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.84.155307
PG 14
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 833GY
UT WOS:000295872400004
ER

PT J
AU Coletta, D
AF Coletta, Damon
TI Scholarship on Strategic Studies and Civil-Military Relations: Is
   American Politics the Neglected 'Poor Relation'?
SO FORUM-A JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN CONTEMPORARY POLITICS
LA English
DT Article
DE strategic studies; civil-military relations; American institutions;
   American politics
ID SOLDIERS
AB The resurgence of American civil-military relations scholarship over the past twenty years has been led by political scientists from the subfield of International Relations and American military sociologists. Samuel Huntington's seminal work, The Soldier and the State (1957), laid the foundation for considering civil-military affairs as a major influence on sound strategic policy. By recommending autonomy for a separate sphere of military operations, it also threw down the gauntlet for structuring a cohesive society that could encompass both liberal values and the military profession. To this point the political science subfield of American Politics has remained aloof from the fray. Were American Politics to engage civil-military relations in earnest, there would likely follow an important recasting of civil-military relations scholarship, with greater emphasis on the fluidity of institutional patterns and the kind of political concessions required from all parties-executive, legislative, and military-to maintain healthy civil-military relations under the Constitutional separation of powers.
C1 USAF Acad, Colorado Springs, CO USA.
RP Coletta, D (reprint author), USAF Acad, Colorado Springs, CO USA.
NR 35
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 5
PU WALTER DE GRUYTER & CO
PI BERLIN
PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 1540-8884
J9 FORUM-J APPL RES CON
JI Forum-A J. Appl. Res. Contemp. Polit.
PD OCT
PY 2011
VL 9
IS 3
AR 2
DI 10.2202/1540-8884.1459
PG 15
WC Political Science
SC Government & Law
GA 952AM
UT WOS:000304762100003
ER

PT J
AU Andel, TR
   Back, G
   Yasinsac, A
AF Andel, T. R.
   Back, G.
   Yasinsac, A.
TI Automating the security analysis process of secure ad hoc routing
   protocols
SO SIMULATION MODELLING PRACTICE AND THEORY
LA English
DT Article
DE Secure routing analysis; Formal methods; Mobile ad hoc network security;
   Topology pruning
ID NETWORKS; VERIFICATION; SPIN
AB Conventional security property evaluation approaches for ad hoc network routing protocols do not provide an automated or exhaustive capability. This paper provides an automated process to evaluate security properties in the route discovery phase for on-demand source routing protocols. For a given network topology, model checking is used to exhaustively evaluate protocol abstractions against an attacker attempting to corrupt the route discovery process. Additionally, topology reduction techniques are developed to reduce computational requirements while maintaining exhaustive analysis results. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Andel, T. R.; Back, G.] USAF, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Yasinsac, A.] Univ S Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688 USA.
RP Andel, TR (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM todd.andel@afit.edu; gtback@ieee.org; yasinsac@usouthal.edu
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research [F1ATA01103J001]; US Army
   Research Laboratory; US Army Research Office [DAAD19-02-1-0235]
FX The views expressed in this article are those of the author and do not
   reflect the official policy or position of the United States Air Force,
   Department of Defense, or the US Government. This work performed with
   support from the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under Grant
   number F1ATA01103J001.; Alec Yasinsac is in part supported by US Army
   Research Laboratory and the US Army Research Office under Grant number
   DAAD19-02-1-0235.
NR 24
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1569-190X
EI 1878-1462
J9 SIMUL MODEL PRACT TH
JI Simul. Model. Pract. Theory
PD OCT
PY 2011
VL 19
IS 9
BP 2032
EP 2049
DI 10.1016/j.simpat.2011.05.008
PG 18
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science,
   Software Engineering
SC Computer Science
GA 916CS
UT WOS:000302075400017
ER

PT J
AU Oakman, C
   Christensen, K
   Kundrotas, L
AF Oakman, Crystale
   Christensen, Kerry
   Kundrotas, Leon
TI Mesentaric Vasculitis as a Cause for Colonic Ulceration in a Patient
   with Sytemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 76th Annual Scientific Meeting of the
   American-College-of-Gastroenterology
CY OCT 28-NOV 02, 2011
CL Washington, DC
SP Amer Coll Gastroenterol
C1 [Kundrotas, Leon] USAF, Wilford Hall Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA.
   [Oakman, Crystale; Christensen, Kerry] San Antonio Uniformed Serv, Hlth Educ Consortium, San Antonio, TX USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 0002-9270
J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL
JI Am. J. Gastroenterol.
PD OCT
PY 2011
VL 106
SU 2
MA 905
BP S339
EP S339
PG 1
WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology
SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology
GA 885II
UT WOS:000299772001469
ER

PT J
AU Altshuler, EE
   O'Donnell, TH
AF Altshuler, Edward E.
   O'Donnell, Terry H.
TI An Electrically Small Multi-Frequency Genetic Antenna Immersed in a
   Dielectric Powder
SO IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION MAGAZINE
LA English
DT Article
DE Electrically small antenna; genetic antenna; antenna in a dielectric;
   multi-frequency antennas; antenna radiation efficiency; dielectric
   loaded antennas
ID WIRE ANTENNAS
AB In this paper, we investigate the performance of an electrically small genetic antenna, immersed in several different powders having relative dielectric constants as large as 12. Placing the antenna in a dielectric reduces its electrical size from about 1/20th of a wavelength in free space to less than 1/50th of a wavelength, in a powder having a dielectric constant of 12, even for a dielectric volume just slightly larger than the antenna. Although the bandwidth decreases as the electrical size of the antenna becomes smaller, it is shown that for each dielectric powder, there is a set of frequencies for which the antenna is operational. It is thus possible to efficiently operate the antenna at specific frequencies within a wide band.
C1 [Altshuler, Edward E.; O'Donnell, Terry H.] USAF, Res Lab, Div Electromagnet Technol, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
RP Altshuler, EE (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Div Electromagnet Technol, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
EM edward.altshuler@hanscom.af.mil; teresa.odonnell.ctr@hanscom.af.mil
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research
FX The authors would like to thank Drs. Arthur Yaghjian, Steven Best, and
   Tuli Herscovici for helpful discussions. This research was sponsored by
   the Air Force Office of Scientific Research.
NR 5
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 2
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1045-9243
J9 IEEE ANTENN PROPAG M
JI IEEE Antennas Propag. Mag.
PD OCT
PY 2011
VL 53
IS 5
BP 33
EP 40
DI 10.1109/MAP.2011.6138425
PG 8
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA 893UC
UT WOS:000300380400004
ER

PT J
AU Burt, JM
   Boyd, ID
AF Burt, Jonathan M.
   Boyd, Iain D.
TI Convergence Detection in Direct Simulation Monte Carlo Calculations for
   Steady State Flows
SO COMMUNICATIONS IN COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Monte Carlo methods; particle methods; direct simulation Monte Carlo
AB A new criterion is presented to detect global convergence to steady state, and to identify local transient characteristics, during rarefied gas flow simulations performed using the direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method. Unlike deterministic computational fluid dynamics (CFD) schemes, DSMC is generally subject to large statistical scatter in instantaneous flow property evaluations, which prevents the use of residual tracking procedures as are often employed in CFD simulations. However, reliable prediction of the time to reach steady state is necessary for initialization of DSMC sampling operations. Techniques currently used in DSMC to identify steady state convergence are usually insensitive to weak transient behavior in small regions of relatively low density or recirculating flow. The proposed convergence criterion is developed with the goal of properly identifying such weak transient behavior, while adding negligible computational expense and allowing simple implementation in any existing DSMC code. Benefits of the proposed technique over existing convergence detection methods are demonstrated for representative nozzle/plume expansion flow, hypersonic blunt body flow and driven cavity flow problems.
C1 [Burt, Jonathan M.] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Boyd, Iain D.] Univ Michigan, Dept Aerosp Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
RP Burt, JM (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM jonathan.m.burt@nasa.gov; iainboyd@umich.edu
FU NASA [NNX08AD02A]
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge NASA for financial support of this
   work, through grant NNX08AD02A.
NR 9
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 3
PU GLOBAL SCIENCE PRESS
PI WANCHAI
PA ROOM 3208, CENTRAL PLAZA, 18 HARBOUR RD, WANCHAI, HONG KONG 00000,
   PEOPLES R CHINA
SN 1815-2406
J9 COMMUN COMPUT PHYS
JI Commun. Comput. Phys.
PD OCT
PY 2011
VL 10
IS 4
BP 807
EP 822
DI 10.4208/cicp.090210.311210a
PG 16
WC Physics, Mathematical
SC Physics
GA 871UU
UT WOS:000298764000002
ER

PT J
AU Mathew, S
   Collamer, AN
   Papas, AS
   Battafarano, DF
AF Mathew, Stephanie
   Collamer, Angelique N.
   Papas, Athena S.
   Battafarano, Daniel F.
TI Effect of Caphosol (R) On the Symptoms of Xerostomia Associated with
   Primary and Secondary Sjogren's Syndrome
SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 75th Annual Scientific Meeting of the
   American-College-of-Rheumatology/46th Annual Scientific Meeting of the
   Association-of-Rheumatology-Health-Professionals
CY NOV 04-09, 2011
CL Chicago, IL
SP Amer Coll Rheumatol, Assoc Rheumatol Hlth Professionals
C1 [Mathew, Stephanie] USAF, SAUSHEC, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA.
   [Collamer, Angelique N.] Langley AFB Hosp, Langley Afb, VA USA.
   [Mathew, Stephanie; Papas, Athena S.] Tufts Sch Dent Med, Boston, MA USA.
   [Battafarano, Daniel F.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0004-3591
J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM-US
JI Arthritis Rheum.
PD OCT
PY 2011
VL 63
IS 10
SU S
MA 465
BP S178
EP S179
PG 2
WC Rheumatology
SC Rheumatology
GA 856EV
UT WOS:000297621500465
ER

PT J
AU Gao, K
   Batalama, SN
   Pados, DA
   Suter, BW
AF Gao, Kanke
   Batalama, Stella N.
   Pados, Dimitris A.
   Suter, Bruce W.
TI Compressive Sampling With Generalized Polygons
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SIGNAL PROCESSING
LA English
DT Article
DE Belief propagation; bipartite graphs; compressed sensing; compressive
   sampling; finite geometry; generalized polygons; low-density
   parity-check codes; Nyquist sampling; sparse signals
ID SUM-PRODUCT ALGORITHM; SIGNAL RECOVERY; SELECTION; PURSUIT; GRAPHS;
   CODES
AB We consider the problem of compressed sensing and propose new deterministic low-storage constructions of compressive sampling matrices based on classical finite-geometry generalized polygons. For the noiseless measurements case, we develop a novel exact-recovery algorithm for strictly sparse signals that utilizes the geometry properties of generalized polygons and exhibits complexity that depends on the sparsity value only. In the presence of measurement noise, recovery of the generalized-polygon sampled signals can be carried out effectively using a belief propagation algorithm. Experimental studies included in this paper illustrate our theoretical developments.
C1 [Gao, Kanke; Batalama, Stella N.; Pados, Dimitris A.] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Elect Engn, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.
   [Suter, Bruce W.] USAF, Res Lab, RITB, Rome, NY 13441 USA.
RP Gao, K (reprint author), SUNY Buffalo, Dept Elect Engn, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.
EM kgao@buffalo.edu; batalama@buffalo.edu; pados@buffalo.edu;
   bruce.suter@rl.af.mil
FU Air Force Research Laboratory [FA8750-09-1-0197]
FX This work was supported in part by the Air Force Research Laboratory
   under Grant FA8750-09-1-0197. Approved for Public Release; distribution
   unlimited: 88ABW-2010-6708. This paper was presented in part at the
   Forty-Fourth Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems, and Computers,
   Pacific Grove, CA, November 2010.
NR 30
TC 14
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 5
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1053-587X
J9 IEEE T SIGNAL PROCES
JI IEEE Trans. Signal Process.
PD OCT
PY 2011
VL 59
IS 10
BP 4759
EP 4766
DI 10.1109/TSP.2011.2160860
PG 8
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA 849FR
UT WOS:000297111500020
ER

PT J
AU Cai, J
   Dinger, MJ
   Li, W
   Carter, CD
   Ryan, MD
   Tong, C
AF Cai, J.
   Dinger, M. J.
   Li, W.
   Carter, C. D.
   Ryan, M. D.
   Tong, C.
TI Experimental study of three-scalar mixing in a turbulent coaxial jet
SO JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
LA English
DT Article
DE jets; turbulent mixing
ID GRID-GENERATED TURBULENCE; PROBABILITY DENSITY-FUNCTIONS; DIRECT
   NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS; PARTIALLY PREMIXED FLAMES; PASSIVE SCALAR;
   TEMPERATURE-FLUCTUATIONS; HOMOGENEOUS TURBULENCE; DISSIPATION RATE;
   ROUND-JET; CONDITIONAL STATISTICS
AB In the present study we investigate three-scalar mixing in a turbulent coaxial jet. In this flow a centre jet and an annular flow, consisting of acetone-doped air and ethylene respectively, are mixed with the co-flow air. A unique aspect of this study compared to previous studies of three-scalar mixing is that two of the scalars (the centre jet and air) are separated by the third (annular flow); therefore, this flow better approximates the mixing process in a non-premixed turbulent reactive flow. Planar laser-induced fluorescence and Rayleigh scattering are employed to measure the mass fractions of the acetone-doped air and ethylene. The results show that the most unique aspects of the three-scalar mixing occur in the near field of the flow. The mixing process in this part of the flow are analysed in detail using the scalar means, variances, correlation coefficient, joint probability density function (JPDF), conditional diffusion, conditional dissipation rates and conditional cross-dissipation rate. The diffusion velocity streamlines in scalar space representing the conditional diffusion generally converge quickly to a manifold along which they continue at a lower rate. A widely used mixing model, interaction through exchange with mean, does not exhibit such a trend. The approach to the manifold is generally in the direction of the ethylene mass fraction. The difference in the magnitudes of the diffusion velocity components for the two scalars cannot be accounted for by the difference in their dissipation time scales. The mixing processes during the approach to the manifold, therefore, cannot be modelled by using different dissipation time scales alone. While the three scalars in this flow have similar distances in scalar space, mixing between two of the scalars can occur only through the third, forcing a detour of the manifold (mixing path) in scalar space. This mixing path presents a challenging test for mixing models since most mixing models use only scalar-space variables and do not take into account the spatial (physical-space) scalar structure. The scalar JPDF and the conditional dissipation rates obtained in the present study have similarities to those of mixture fraction and temperature in turbulent flames. The results in the present study provide a basis for understanding and modelling multiscalar mixing in reactive flows.
C1 [Cai, J.; Dinger, M. J.; Li, W.; Tong, C.] Clemson Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.
   [Carter, C. D.; Ryan, M. D.] USAF, Res Lab, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
RP Tong, C (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.
EM ctong@ces.clemson.edu
RI Cai, Jian/O-2100-2014
OI Cai, Jian/0000-0002-8178-6302
FU National Science Foundation [CBET-0651174]; Air Force Office of
   Scientific Research (AFOSR) [FA9550-09-1-0045]; Propulsion Directorate
   of the Air Force Research Laboratory
FX The work at Clemson was supported by the National Science Foundation
   under grant CBET-0651174 and the Air Force Office of Scientific Research
   (AFOSR) under grant FA9550-09-1-0045 (Dr J. M. Tishkoff, program
   manager). C.D.C. was supported by AFOSR (Dr J. M. Tishkoff, program
   manager). M.J.D. and C.T. were also supported by Summer Programs of the
   Propulsion Directorate of the Air Force Research Laboratory. We thank
   Professors S. Frankel and S. B. Pope for valuable discussions.
NR 60
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U1 4
U2 28
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 0022-1120
J9 J FLUID MECH
JI J. Fluid Mech.
PD OCT
PY 2011
VL 685
BP 495
EP 531
DI 10.1017/jfm.2011.337
PG 37
WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Mechanics; Physics
GA 846LZ
UT WOS:000296905700019
ER

PT J
AU Huffman, RE
   Boguszko, M
   Elliott, GS
AF Huffman, Richard E., Jr.
   Boguszko, Martin
   Elliott, Gregory S.
TI Mean and Fluctuating Property Measurements with Filtered Angularly
   Resolved Rayleigh Scattering
SO AIAA JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT AIAA 45th Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit
CY JAN 08-11, 2007
CL Reno, NV
SP Amer Inst Aeronaut & Astronaut (AIAA)
ID VELOCITY; FLOW; DIAGNOSTICS; VELOCIMETRY; MODEL
AB This paper details the simultaneous measurement of density, pressure, temperature, and the streamwise component of velocity in a supersonic free jet. The free jet is a Mach 1.2 pressure-matched jet exhausted into atmospheric air. The nonintrusive measurement technique collects Rayleigh scattering from molecules created by a pulsed, frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser across a range of angles in the plane of the jet exhaust. The laser can be tuned in frequency to transmit on a sloping absorption region of molecular iodine. The arc of the scattered light is focused through a namorphic optics, split into two beams, and captured on a single intensified charge-coupled device camera. One of the beams passes through a molecular iodine filter, and the other beam remains unfiltered. The Doppler shift and broadening characteristics of Rayleigh scattering are exploited to determine flow properties and a single component of velocity from a single laser pulse. Information from multiple pulses is combined to determine mean and fluctuating turbulent quantities. Results are presented in a plane perpendicular to the jet axis, located three diameters downstream from the jet exit. Additionally, lines of data that transit through the shear layer are presented at three, five, and seven diameters downstream. Mean measurements of density, pressure, temperature, and axial velocity taken near the jet exit agree with isentropic predictions within 5%, and measurements of property fluctuations follow flow features nicely. 'I'urbulent velocity fluctuations measured appear to be biased by a constant value, although this bias is believed to be caused by limitations in the current instrumentation.
C1 [Huffman, Richard E., Jr.] USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Boguszko, Martin; Elliott, Gregory S.] Univ Illinois, Dept Aerosp Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
RP Huffman, RE (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
NR 19
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 10
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0001-1452
J9 AIAA J
JI AIAA J.
PD OCT
PY 2011
VL 49
IS 10
BP 2081
EP 2089
DI 10.2514/1.45832
PG 9
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 833DM
UT WOS:000295862000001
ER

PT J
AU Visbal, MR
AF Visbal, Miguel R.
TI Numerical Investigation of Deep Dynamic Stall of a Plunging Airfoil
SO AIAA JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 40th AIAA Fluid Dynamics Conference and Exhibit
CY JUN 28-JUL 01, 2010
CL Chicago, IL
SP AIAA
ID LARGE-EDDY SIMULATION; FINITE-DIFFERENCE SCHEMES; PITCHING AIRFOIL;
   SEPARATION-BUBBLES; FLOW; MESHES
AB Simulation of the deep dynamic-stall phenomenon induced by large-amplitude plunging oscillations of an airfoil under low-Reynolds-number conditions is investigated. The flowfields are computed employing an extensively validated high-fidelity implicit large-eddy simulation approach. Comparisons with phase-averaged experimental measurements obtained in two different facilities are performed for an SD7003 airfoil section at a chord Reynolds number Re-c = 6 x 10(4) and mean angle of attack alpha(0) = 8 degrees plunging with reduced frequency k = 0.25 and non-dimensional amplitude h(0)/c = 0.5. Reasonable agreement among computations and experiments is demonstrated during the formation and initial convection of the single turbulent dynamic-stall vortex. However, it is found that the later stages of vortex shedding and trailing-edge vortex dynamics are considerably more sensitive, leading to discrepancies between the experiments, as well as between computational and experimental results. To elucidate this issue, the effects of spanwise extent and spatial grid resolution in the simulations are investigated and shown not to be the critical factor. Instead, discrepancies are found to arise from the pronounced flow three-dimensionality that emerges during the dynamic-stall vortex shedding and trailing-edge vortex formation in the presence of an endwall. A detailed description of the unsteady flow structure during the dynamic-stall process is provided, with emphasis on the formation of the leading-edge vortex system and the transitional aspects of the flow. Effects of Reynolds number over the range of 1 x 10(3) <= Re-c <= 1.2 x 10(5) are also investigated.
C1 USAF, Res Lab, Computat Sci Branch, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Visbal, MR (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Computat Sci Branch, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
NR 45
TC 20
Z9 22
U1 1
U2 17
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0001-1452
J9 AIAA J
JI AIAA J.
PD OCT
PY 2011
VL 49
IS 10
BP 2152
EP 2170
DI 10.2514/1.J050892
PG 19
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 833DM
UT WOS:000295862000008
ER

PT J
AU Slep, AMS
   Heyman, RE
   Snarr, JD
AF Slep, Amy M. Smith
   Heyman, Richard E.
   Snarr, Jeffery D.
TI Child emotional aggression and abuse: Definitions and prevalence
SO CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT
LA English
DT Article
DE Child emotional abuse; Child maltreatment; Prevalence; Criteria
ID PSYCHOLOGICAL MALTREATMENT; DIAGNOSTIC-CRITERIA; COMMUNITY; RELIABILITY;
   NEGLECT; PARENTS; IMPACT; WOMEN
AB Objective: Research on and intervention for child emotional abuse and emotional aggression toward children have been severely hampered because there have been no agreed-upon, clinically usable definitions.
   Methods: We have (a) proposed and field-tested a set of criteria to operationally define child emotional abuse for clinical settings and (b) used these criteria to design a parent-report measure of parental emotional aggression and child emotional abuse that could be used in research. In this paper, we review the development and field trials of these criteria for making substantiation decisions.
   Results: Agreement between master reviewers and field decisions was extremely high in a 5-site development trial (96% agreement, kappa - .89) and a 41-site dissemination trial (90% agreement, kappa = .73). We compare these criteria to other research criteria in the literature. We then present data collected using a self-report measure designed to parallel these criteria from an anonymous online survey of US Air Force personnel and their spouses. The final sample (N = 52,780) was weighted to be representative of the United States civilian population. The prevalence of parents' emotionally aggressive acts was much higher than the prevalence of emotional abuse (acts plus impact), but rates of parents' acts of emotional aggression were lower than those typically reported in the literature. Additional analyses tested for differential effects due to gentler of perpetrator (i.e., mothers or fathers), age of victim, and clustering within families. These factors did not drive rates of aggression or abuse.
   Conclusions: In sum, the criteria developed and proposed appear to support reliable clinical decision making regarding child emotional abuse and can be translated to research survey tools that better capture the continuum of parents' emotional aggression and child emotional abuse than the measures that are currently available, advancing the state of the science with respect to child emotional abuse. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Slep, Amy M. Smith; Heyman, Richard E.; Snarr, Jeffery D.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Psychol, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
   [Slep, Amy M. Smith; Heyman, Richard E.; Snarr, Jeffery D.] USAF, Family Advocacy Program, San Antonio, TX USA.
RP Slep, AMS (reprint author), NYU, Dept Cariol & Comprehens Care, New York, NY 10010 USA.
NR 48
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 2
U2 15
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0145-2134
J9 CHILD ABUSE NEGLECT
JI Child Abuse Negl.
PD OCT
PY 2011
VL 35
IS 10
BP 783
EP 796
DI 10.1016/j.chiabu.2011.07.002
PG 14
WC Family Studies; Psychology, Social; Social Work
SC Family Studies; Psychology; Social Work
GA 846VW
UT WOS:000296932300004
PM 22018518
ER

PT J
AU McHale, SR
   McClory, JW
   Petrosky, JC
   Wu, J
   Palai, R
   Losovyj, YB
   Dowben, PA
AF McHale, S. R.
   McClory, J. W.
   Petrosky, J. C.
   Wu, J.
   Palai, R.
   Losovyj, Ya B.
   Dowben, P. A.
TI Resonant photoemission of rare earth doped GaN thin films
SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL-APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID 3P PHOTOTHRESHOLD; SHAKE-UP; ERBIUM; YB; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE;
   SPECTROSCOPY; IRRADIATION; OVERLAYERS; EPITAXY; POWDERS
AB The 4d -> 4f Fano resonances for various rare earth doped GaN thin films (RE = Gd, Er, Yb) were investigated using synchrotron photoemission spectroscopy. The resonant photoemission Fano profiles show that the major Gd and Er rare earth 4f weight is at about 5-6 eV below the valence band maximum, similar to the 4f weights in the valence band of many other rare earth doped semiconductors. For Yb, there is very little resonant enhancement of the valence band of Yb doped GaN, consistent with a largely 4f(14) occupancy.
C1 [McHale, S. R.; McClory, J. W.; Petrosky, J. C.] USAF, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Wu, J.; Palai, R.] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Phys, San Juan, PR 00931 USA.
   [Wu, J.; Palai, R.] Univ Puerto Rico, Inst Funct Nanomat, Rio Piedras, PR 00931 USA.
   [Losovyj, Ya B.] Louisiana State Univ, J Bennett Johnston Sr Ctr Adv Microstruct & Devic, Baton Rouge, LA 70806 USA.
   [Dowben, P. A.] Univ Nebraska, Nebraska Ctr Mat & Nanosci, Dept Phys & Astron, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA.
RP McHale, SR (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, 2950 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM stephen.mchale@afit.edu; john.mcclory@afit.edu
OI McClory, John/0000-0002-4303-2729
FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) [HDTRA1-07-1-0008,
   BRBAA08-I-2-0128]; Nebraska Materials Science and Engineering Center
   [DMR-0820521]; Institute for Functional Nanomaterials; NASA-IDEA-PR;
   Louisiana Board of Regents
FX This work was supported by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA)
   through Grant Nos. HDTRA1-07-1-0008 and BRBAA08-I-2-0128, the Nebraska
   Materials Science and Engineering Center (DMR-0820521), the Institute
   for Functional Nanomaterials, and NASA-IDEA-PR. Additional support for
   undergraduates, at UNL, was provided by DMR-0851703. The J. Bennett
   Johnston Sr. Center for Advanced Microstructures and Devices (CAMD) is
   supported by the Louisiana Board of Regents.
NR 58
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U1 0
U2 14
PU EDP SCIENCES S A
PI LES ULIS CEDEX A
PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A,
   FRANCE
SN 1286-0042
J9 EUR PHYS J-APPL PHYS
JI Eur. Phys. J.-Appl. Phys
PD OCT
PY 2011
VL 56
IS 1
AR 11301
DI 10.1051/epjap/2011110235
PG 6
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 844TQ
UT WOS:000296771000021
ER

PT J
AU Wilmink, GJ
   Grundt, JE
AF Wilmink, Gerald J.
   Grundt, Jessica E.
TI Invited Review Article: Current State of Research on Biological Effects
   of Terahertz Radiation
SO JOURNAL OF INFRARED MILLIMETER AND TERAHERTZ WAVES
LA English
DT Review
DE Terahertz; THz; Thermal effects; Microarray; Cellular effects; Gene
   expression; Invited review; Biological effects; Review article;
   Radiation
ID TIME-DOMAIN SPECTROSCOPY; FREE-ELECTRON LASER; CELLULAR STRESS-RESPONSE;
   ELECTROMAGNETIC-RADIATION; THZ RADIATION; HEAT-SHOCK; REFLECTION
   SPECTROSCOPY; NUCLEAR-PROTEIN; DIELECTRIC-PROPERTIES; SECURITY
   APPLICATIONS
AB Terahertz (THz) imaging and sensing technologies are increasingly being used in a host of medical, military, and security applications. For example, THz systems are now being tested at international airports for security screening purposes, at major medical centers for cancer and burn diagnosis, and at border patrol checkpoints for identification of concealed explosives, drugs, and weapons. Recent advances in THz applications have stimulated renewed interest regarding the biological effects associated with this frequency range. Biological effects studies are a valuable type of basic science research because they serve to enhance our fundamental understanding of the mechanisms that govern THz interactions with biological systems. Such studies are also important because they often times lay the foundation for the development of future applications. In addition, from a practical standpoint, THz biological effects research is also necessary for accurate health hazard evaluation, the development of empirically-based safety standards, and for the safe use of THz systems. Given the importance and timeliness of THz bioeffects data, the purpose of this review is twofold. First, to provide readers with a common reference, which contains the necessary background concepts in biophysics and THz technology, that are required to both conduct and evaluate THz biological research. Second, to provide a critical review of the scientific literature.
C1 [Wilmink, Gerald J.; Grundt, Jessica E.] USAF, Radio Frequency Radiat Branch, Res Lab, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA.
RP Wilmink, GJ (reprint author), USAF, Radio Frequency Radiat Branch, Res Lab, 711th Human Performance Wing, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA.
EM gerald.wilmink@us.af.mil
FU AFRL
FX We wish to thank the National Academy of Sciences NRC Research
   Associateship program and the Air Force Research Laboratory for
   providing the opportunity to conduct this study. In particular, we would
   like to thank Frank Ruhr for his dedication and attention to detail in
   design of the THz enclosure, and Dr. Morley Stone for his consistent
   support over the past few years. This work was supported by AFRL. In
   closing, the authors also wish to dedicate this invited review article
   to Dominic Cameratta, a man who always provided us with inspiration.
NR 180
TC 89
Z9 98
U1 11
U2 117
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1866-6892
EI 1866-6906
J9 J INFRARED MILLIM TE
JI J. Infrared Millim. Terahertz Waves
PD OCT
PY 2011
VL 32
IS 10
SI SI
BP 1074
EP 1122
DI 10.1007/s10762-011-9794-5
PG 49
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA 843JG
UT WOS:000296667500003
ER

PT J
AU Burt, JM
   Josyula, E
   Deschenes, TR
   Boyd, ID
AF Burt, Jonathan M.
   Josyula, Eswar
   Deschenes, Timothy R.
   Boyd, Iain D.
TI Evaluation of a Hybrid Boltzmann-Continuum Method for High-Speed
   Nonequilibrium Flows
SO JOURNAL OF THERMOPHYSICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
LA English
DT Article
ID SIMULATION MONTE-CARLO; ALGORITHM REFINEMENT; ADAPTIVE MESH; VISCOUS
   FLOWS; SCHEME; SOLVER; EQUATIONS
AB A novel hybrid code for simulation of continuum and/or rarefied compressible gas flows is evaluated for a set of hypersonic blunt-body flow problems. This code, named the unified flow solver, combines several compressible gas-flow simulation schemes for application to a wide range of Knudsen number regimes and features capabilities for strong coupling between low Knudsen number and high Knudsen number schemes along with automatic binary tree-based grid adaptation. Unified flow solver simulations are performed for Mach 4 monatomic flows over a cylinder at various global Knudsen numbers, and simulation results are compared with results from simulations that employ direct simulation Monte Carlo and continuum Navier-Stokes solvers. Although good agreement is generally found, significant differences are identified and are used to highlight limitations or advantages of various simulation schemes in a unified flow solver. Results from this comparison are used to explain discrepancies in an earlier study involving application of similar techniques to a rarefied expansion flow.
C1 [Burt, Jonathan M.; Josyula, Eswar] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Deschenes, Timothy R.; Boyd, Iain D.] Univ Michigan, Dept Aerosp Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
RP Burt, JM (reprint author), Universal Technol Corp, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
OI Deschenes, Timothy/0000-0002-4690-0325
FU Michigan/AFRL/Boeing Collaborative Center in Aeronautical Sciences
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the Michigan/AFRL/Boeing
   Collaborative Center in Aeronautical Sciences, which provides funding
   for the work presented in this paper. The authors would also like to
   thank Robert Arslanbekov and Vladimir Kolobov for several helpful
   discussions and insightful suggestions over the course of this work.
   Additional assistance and helpful suggestions were provided by Ashley
   Verhoff.
NR 25
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0887-8722
J9 J THERMOPHYS HEAT TR
JI J. Thermophys. Heat Transf.
PD OCT-DEC
PY 2011
VL 25
IS 4
BP 500
EP 515
DI 10.2514/1.51406
PG 16
WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Thermodynamics; Engineering
GA 835YQ
UT WOS:000296073600003
ER

PT J
AU Li, X
   Wu, ZJ
   Chakravarthy, VD
   Wu, ZQ
AF Li, Xue
   Wu, Zhijin
   Chakravarthy, Vasu D.
   Wu, Zhiqiang
TI A Low-Complexity Approximation to Lognormal Sum Distributions via
   Transformed Log Skew Normal Distribution
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Approximation to lognormal sums; log skew normal; moment matching;
   transformed log skew normal
ID RANDOM-VARIABLES; COMPUTATION
AB Sums of lognormal random variables (RVs) occur in many important problems in wireless communication. The lognormal sum distribution is known to have no closed form and is difficult to numerically compute. Several methods have been proposed to approximate the lognormal sum distribution. In this paper, we first propose a low-complexity approximation method called log skew normal (LSN) approximation to model and approximate the lognormal sum distributed RVs. For typical lognormal sum cases in wireless communication, the proposed LSN method has high accuracy in most of the region of the cumulative distribution function (cdf), particularly in the lower region. The closed-form probability density function (pdf) and cdf of the resulting LSN RV are presented, and its parameters are derived from those of the individual lognormal RVs by using a moment-matching technique. However, the LSN approximation has a restriction for the skewness of samples in the logarithm domain. To overcome this drawback, a transformed LSN (TLSN) approximation method is proposed, which uses another parameter to control the skewness of samples in the transform logarithm domain. Simulation results on the pdf and cdf of lognormal sum RVs confirm the effectiveness of the TLSN approximation method.
C1 [Li, Xue] Wright State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Dayton, OH 45435 USA.
   Brown Univ, Dept Biostat, Providence, RI 02912 USA.
   [Chakravarthy, Vasu D.] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Li, X (reprint author), Wright State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Dayton, OH 45435 USA.
EM zhiqiang.wu@wright.edu
RI wu, zhijin/J-4995-2016
OI wu, zhijin/0000-0002-9596-9134
FU National Science Foundation [0708469, 0737297, 0837677]; Wright Center
   for Sensor System Engineering; Air Force Research Laboratory
FX Manuscript received August 24, 2010; revised January 3, 2011, April 10,
   2011, June 18, 2011, June 21, 2011, and July 8, 2011; accepted July 10,
   2011. Date of publication August 4, 2011; date of current version
   October 20, 2011. This work was supported in part by the National
   Science Foundation under Grant 0708469, Grant 0737297, and Grant
   0837677, by the Wright Center for Sensor System Engineering, and by the
   Air Force Research Laboratory. The review of this paper was coordinated
   by Prof. S.-H. Leung.
NR 24
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 9
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-9545
J9 IEEE T VEH TECHNOL
JI IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol.
PD OCT
PY 2011
VL 60
IS 8
BP 4040
EP 4045
DI 10.1109/TVT.2011.2163652
PG 7
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications; Transportation
   Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Telecommunications; Transportation
GA 835FP
UT WOS:000296021300043
ER

PT J
AU Smith, AL
   Harmon, FG
AF Smith, Austin L.
   Harmon, Frederick G.
TI UAS Collision Avoidance Algorithm Based on an Aggregate Collision Cone
   Approach
SO JOURNAL OF AEROSPACE ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Collision avoidance; Unmanned aircraft; UAV; Conflict detection and
   resolution; Autonomous guidance
AB A collision-avoidance (CA) algorithm is developed and implemented that is applicable to many different unmanned aerial systems (UAS), ranging from a single platform with the ability to perform all collision-avoidance functions independently to multiple vehicles performing functions as a cooperative group with collision-avoidance commands computed at a ground station. The algorithm leverages advances in several theoretical fields, including robotics, homing guidance, and airspace management, and considers several approaches to conflict detection and resolution, including the collision cone approach. The collision-avoidance system is exercised and tested by using operational hardware and platforms. Novel developments by using an aggregated collision cone approach allow each unmanned aircraft to detect and avoid collisions with two or more other aircraft simultaneously. The collision-avoidance system is implemented by using a miniature unmanned aircraft with an onboard autopilot. Various simulation and flight test cases are used to demonstrate the algorithm's robustness to different collision encounters at various engagement angles. The flight test results are compared with ideal, software-in-the-loop, and hardware-in-the-loop tests. The results presented are the first known flight tests of two or more unmanned aircraft systems equipped with the same global, three-dimensional, geometric collision-avoidance system. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)AS.1943-5525.0000081. (C) 2011 American Society of Civil Engineers.
C1 [Smith, Austin L.; Harmon, Frederick G.] USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Smith, AL (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, 2950 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM austin.smith@mtsi-va.com
FU Air Force Research Laboratory's (AFRL) Air Vehicles Directorate; AFRL's
   Center for Rapid Product Development
FX The research presented here was sponsored by the Air Force Research
   Laboratory's (AFRL) Air Vehicles Directorate, under the direction of Dr.
   Mark Mears. Flight testing was performed by using financial support
   provided by AFRL's Center for Rapid Product Development, under the
   direction of Dr. Alok Das. A. L. Smith thanks the Route Surveillance
   team for its flight test preparation and testing support.
NR 30
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 21
PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA
SN 0893-1321
J9 J AEROSPACE ENG
JI J. Aerosp. Eng.
PD OCT
PY 2011
VL 24
IS 4
BP 463
EP 477
DI 10.1061/(ASCE)AS.1943-5525.0000081
PG 15
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Civil
SC Engineering
GA 841IU
UT WOS:000296506800009
ER

PT J
AU Ruiz, ON
   Fernando, KAS
   Wang, BJ
   Brown, NA
   Luo, PG
   McNamara, ND
   Vangsness, M
   Sun, YP
   Bunker, CE
AF Ruiz, Oscar N.
   Fernando, K. A. Shirai
   Wang, Baojiang
   Brown, Nicholas A.
   Luo, Pengju George
   McNamara, Nicholas D.
   Vangsness, Marlin
   Sun, Ya-Ping
   Bunker, Christopher E.
TI Graphene Oxide: A Nonspecific Enhancer of Cellular Growth
SO ACS NANO
LA English
DT Article
DE nanomaterials; graphene oxide; silver-coated graphene oxide;
   biomaterials; biocompatible; quantitative real-time PCR; growth enhancer
ID WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES; IN-VIVO; MICE; CYTOTOXICITY; CELLS;
   TRANSLOCATION; ACCUMULATION; TOXICITY; SHEETS; PAPER
AB There have been multiple conflicting reports about the biocompatibility and antimicrobial activity of graphene oxide. To address this, we conducted a study to characterize the antimicrobial properties of graphene oxide (GO) and its biocompatibility with mammalian cells. When GO was added to a bacterial culture at 25 mu g/mL, the results showed that bacteria grew faster and to a higher optical density than cultures without GO. Scanning electron microscopy indicated that bacteria formed dense biofilms in the presence of GO. This was shown by a large mass of aggregated cells and extracellular polymeric material. Bacterial growth on filters coated with 25 and 75 mu g of GO grew 2 and 3 times better than on filters without GO. Closer analysis showed that bacteria were able to attach and proliferate preferentially in areas containing the highest GO levels. Graphene oxide films failed to produce growth inhibition zones around them, indicating a lack of antibacterial properties. Also, bacteria were able to grow on GO films to 9.5 x 10(9) cells from an initial inoculation of 1.0 x 10(6), indicating that it also lacks bacteriostatic activity. Thus, silver-coated GO films were able to produce clearing zones and cell death. Also, graphene oxide was shown to greatly enhance the attachment and proliferation of mammalian cells. This study conclusively demonstrates that graphene oxide does not have Intrinsic antibacterial, bacteriostatic, and cytotoxic properties in both bacteria and mammalian cells. Furthermore, graphene oxide acts as a general enhancer of cellular growth by increasing cell attachment and proliferation.
C1 [Ruiz, Oscar N.; Bunker, Christopher E.] USAF, Res Lab, Prop Directorate, Fuels & Energy Branch, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Fernando, K. A. Shirai; Brown, Nicholas A.; McNamara, Nicholas D.; Vangsness, Marlin] Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
   [Wang, Baojiang; Luo, Pengju George; Sun, Ya-Ping] Clemson Univ, Dept Chem, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.
   [Wang, Baojiang; Luo, Pengju George; Sun, Ya-Ping] Clemson Univ, Lab Emerging Mat & Technol, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.
RP Ruiz, ON (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Prop Directorate, Fuels & Energy Branch, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM oscar.ruiz@wpafb.af.mil
FU United States Air Force Research Laboratory; Fuels and Energy Branch;
   National Science Foundation [CBET-0967423]
FX Research reported in this article was supported by funds from the United
   States Air Force Research Laboratory and the Fuels and Energy Branch to
   O.R. and C.B., and National Science Foundation CBET-0967423 to Y.S.
NR 29
TC 198
Z9 206
U1 36
U2 266
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1936-0851
J9 ACS NANO
JI ACS Nano
PD OCT
PY 2011
VL 5
IS 10
BP 8100
EP 8107
DI 10.1021/nn202699t
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
   Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 837MU
UT WOS:000296208700062
PM 21932790
ER

PT J
AU Scribner, J
   Regan, TD
   Steger, JW
AF Scribner, Jane
   Regan, Thomas D.
   Steger, James W.
TI An Unusual Presentation of Multiple Hidrocystomas
SO CUTIS
LA English
DT Article
ID PULSED-DYE-LASER; ECCRINE-HIDROCYSTOMAS; APOCRINE HIDROCYSTOMA; FINGER;
   HILDROCYSTOMA; FACE
AB An 85-year-old man sought treatment of multiple nontender bluish papules of 3 years' duration on the forearms, forehead, and temples. On physical examination, blue-tinged, semitranslucent, dome-shaped papules were noted. Workup revealed multiple hidrocystomas. We discuss the findings in our patient and review the literature. Cutis. 2011;88:178-181.
C1 [Scribner, Jane; Steger, James W.] USN, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
   [Regan, Thomas D.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX USA.
RP Scribner, J (reprint author), USN, San Diego Med Ctr, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr,Ste 300, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
EM jane.scribner@med.navy.mil
NR 32
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU QUADRANT HEALTHCOM INC
PI PARSIPPANY
PA 7 CENTURY DRIVE, STE 302, PARSIPPANY, NJ 07054-4603 USA
SN 0011-4162
J9 CUTIS
JI Cutis
PD OCT
PY 2011
VL 88
IS 4
BP 178
EP 181
PG 4
WC Dermatology
SC Dermatology
GA 836OV
UT WOS:000296121900008
PM 22106725
ER

PT J
AU Knapp, KJ
   Denney, GD
   Barner, ME
AF Knapp, Kenneth J.
   Denney, Gary D.
   Barner, Mark E.
TI Key issues in data center security: An investigation of government audit
   reports
SO GOVERNMENT INFORMATION QUARTERLY
LA English
DT Article
DE Data center; Information security; Audit reports; Common body of
   knowledge; Operations security; Physical security; Disaster preparedness
AB The rising volume of electronic data, the growth in cloud computing and the need for secure and affordable large-scale data storage all contribute to the increasing reliance on data centers in society. This paper provides an overview of security issues relevant to data centers. We offer an aggregation and exploratory analysis of four audit reports of government data centers operating in the United States. Using the information security common body of knowledge to categorize audit findings, we identify the key issues from the reoccurring findings in the reports, particularly in regards to operations security, data center management, physical security, and disaster planning. The security of data centers has become a paramount concern for both government and the information technology industry. Both practitioners and academics can benefit from our research results because it provides insight into the key security issues facing modern data centers. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Knapp, Kenneth J.] Univ Tampa, John H Sykes Coll Business, Tampa, FL 33606 USA.
   [Denney, Gary D.] USAF Acad, Dept Management, HQ USAFA DFM, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
   [Barner, Mark E.] USDA, WIC Program, Denver, CO 80246 USA.
RP Knapp, KJ (reprint author), Univ Tampa, John H Sykes Coll Business, 401 W Kennedy Blvd,Box O, Tampa, FL 33606 USA.
EM kknapp@ut.edu
NR 22
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 16
PU ELSEVIER INC
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B STREET, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0740-624X
J9 GOV INFORM Q
JI Gov. Inf. Q.
PD OCT
PY 2011
VL 28
IS 4
BP 533
EP 541
DI 10.1016/j.giq.2010.10.008
PG 9
WC Information Science & Library Science
SC Information Science & Library Science
GA 837EX
UT WOS:000296175000011
ER

PT J
AU Wang, WJ
   Chatterjee, M
   Kwiat, K
AF Wang, Wenjing
   Chatterjee, Mainak
   Kwiat, Kevin
TI Cooperation in Wireless Networks with Unreliable Channels
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Wireless networks; cooperation enforcement; evolutionary game theory;
   sequential equilibrium; imperfect observation; collusion resistance
ID AD HOC NETWORKS; REPEATED GAMES; EQUILIBRIA; STRATEGIES
AB In a distributed wireless system, multiple network nodes behave cooperatively towards a common goal. An important challenge in such a scenario is to attain mutual cooperation. This paper provides a non-cooperative game theoretic solution to enforce cooperation in wireless networks in the presence of channel noise. We focus on one-hop information exchange and model the packet forwarding process as a hidden action game with imperfect private monitoring. We propose a state machine based strategy to reach Nash Equilibrium. The equilibrium is proved to be a sequential one with carefully designed system parameters. Furthermore, we extend our discussion to a general wireless network scenario by considering how cooperation can prevail over collusion using evolutionary game theory. The simulation results are provided to back our analysis. In particular, network throughput performance is measured with respect to parameters like channel loss probability, route hop count, and mobility. Results suggest that the performance due to our proposed strategy is in close agreement with that of unconditionally cooperative nodes. Simulation results also reveal how the convergence of cooperation enforcement is affected by initial population share and channel unreliability.
C1 [Wang, Wenjing; Chatterjee, Mainak] Univ Cent Florida, Dept EECS, Sch Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Orlando, FL 32816 USA.
   [Kwiat, Kevin] USAF, Res Lab, Rome, NY USA.
RP Wang, WJ (reprint author), Univ Cent Florida, Dept EECS, Sch Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Orlando, FL 32816 USA.
EM wenjing@eecs.ucf.edu; mainak@eecs.ucf.edu; kevin.kwiat@rl.af.mil
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) [FA9550-07-1-0023];
   National Science Foundation [CCF-0950342]
FX This research was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific
   Research (AFOSR) under the federal grant no. FA9550-07-1-0023, and the
   National Science Foundation under award no. CCF-0950342. Approved for
   Public Release; Distribution Unlimited: 88ABW-2011-0555 dated 15
   February 2011.
NR 32
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 4
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0090-6778
J9 IEEE T COMMUN
JI IEEE Trans. Commun.
PD OCT
PY 2011
VL 59
IS 10
BP 2808
EP 2817
DI 10.1109/TCOMM.2011.081111.100085
PG 10
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA 840QN
UT WOS:000296455600019
ER

PT J
AU Spillar, EJ
   Shoemake, MA
   Slavin, AC
AF Spillar, Earl J.
   Shoemake, Marjorie A.
   Slavin, Ann C.
TI SAM, the Starfire Optical Range Atmospheric Monitor
SO PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC
LA English
DT Article
ID WAVE-FRONT SENSOR; ADAPTIVE-OPTICS; TURBULENCE; STATISTICS
AB We describe the Starfire Optical Range (SOR) Atmospheric Monitor (SAM). SAM is a 40 cm telescope feeding a Shack-Hartmann wave-front sensor with 20 subapertures across the telescope aperture, which in turn feeds a 1 kHz CCD camera. The unique features of SAM include the ability to work through both day and night and the ability to estimate r(0) values down to 1.5 cm at 750 nm. Because SAM can measure 200 tilts simultaneously in 1 ms, it is able to detect rapid changes in turbulence parameters. It will be able to estimate the Fried parameter r(0), the Greenwood parameter f(g), scintillation, and a rough C(n)(2), profile simultaneously. After describing the basic design and construction of SAM and our algorithm for estimating r(0), we describe the initial capabilities of the system. We show some initial data regarding the diurnal variation of r(0) at the SOR, simulations of SAM's performance, and a validation against another system. We conclude with future plans for the system.
C1 [Spillar, Earl J.] USAF, Res Lab, Directed Energy Directorate, Opt Div, Washington, DC USA.
   [Shoemake, Marjorie A.; Slavin, Ann C.] Boeing LTS, Chicago, IL USA.
EM Mailbox@kirtland.af.mil
NR 12
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-6280
J9 PUBL ASTRON SOC PAC
JI Publ. Astron. Soc. Pac.
PD OCT
PY 2011
VL 123
IS 908
BP 1210
EP 1217
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 840XK
UT WOS:000296475200007
ER

PT J
AU Blair, JEA
   Pang, PS
   Schrier, RW
   Metra, M
   Traver, B
   Cook, T
   Campia, U
   Ambrosy, A
   Burnett, JC
   Grinfeld, L
   Maggioni, AP
   Swedberg, K
   Udelson, JE
   Zannad, F
   Konstam, MA
   Gheorghiade, M
AF Blair, John E. A.
   Pang, Peter S.
   Schrier, Robert W.
   Metra, Marco
   Traver, Brian
   Cook, Thomas
   Campia, Umberto
   Ambrosy, Andrew
   Burnett, John C., Jr.
   Grinfeld, Liliana
   Maggioni, Aldo P.
   Swedberg, Karl
   Udelson, James E.
   Zannad, Faiez
   Konstam, Marvin A.
   Gheorghiade, Mihai
CA EVEREST Investigators
TI Changes in renal function during hospitalization and soon after
   discharge in patients admitted for worsening heart failure in the
   placebo group of the EVEREST trial
SO EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Hospitalization; Heart failure; Acute heart failure syndromes; Renal
   function
ID GLOMERULAR-FILTRATION-RATE; CHRONIC KIDNEY-DISEASE; FOLLOW-UP; OUTCOMES;
   TOLVAPTAN; SURVIVAL; IMPACT; PREDICTORS; ANTAGONIST; CREATININE
AB To provide an in-depth clinical characterization and analysis of outcomes of the patients hospitalized for heart failure (HF) who subsequently develop worsening renal function (WRF) during hospitalization or soon after discharge.
   Of the 4133 patients hospitalized with worsening HF and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (40) in the EVEREST trial, 2072 were randomized to tolvaptan, a selective vasopressin-2 receptor antagonist, and 2061 were randomized to placebo, both in addition to standard therapy. This analysis included the 2021 (98) patients in the placebo group with a complete set of renal function parameters. Renal function parameters and clinical variables were measured prospectively during hospitalization and after discharge. Worsening renal function was defined as an increase in sCr epsilon 0.3 mg/dL during the in-hospital (randomization to discharge or Day 7) and post-discharge (discharge or Day 7 to 4 weeks post-discharge) periods. Blood pressure (BP), body weight (BW), natriuretic peptides (NPs), and congestion score were correlated with WRF. The prognostic value of baseline renal function at admission and WRF during hospitalization and post-discharge on long-term outcomes were assessed using a Cox proportional hazards model adjusted for other baseline covariates. At randomization, 53.2 of patients had moderately or severely reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (60.0 mL/min/1.73 m(2)). Worsening renal function was observed in 13.8 in-hospital and 11.9 post-discharge. Worsening renal function during hospitalization and post-discharge was associated with greater reductions in BP, BW, and NPs. Baseline renal dysfunction as well as in-hospital and post-discharge WRF were predictive of a composite endpoint of cardiovascular (CV) mortality/HF rehospitalization.
   The prevalence of renal dysfunction is high in patients hospitalized for HF with reduced LVEF. Worsening renal function may occur not only during hospitalization, but also in the early post-discharge period. Since worsening renal function during hospitalization is associated with a significant decrease in signs and symptoms of congestion, body weight and natriuretic peptides, which are good prognostic indicators, worsening renal function during hospitalization as an endpoint in clinical trials should be re-evaluated.
C1 [Pang, Peter S.; Campia, Umberto; Ambrosy, Andrew; Gheorghiade, Mihai] Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Ctr Cardiovasc Innovat, Chicago, IL 60611 USA.
   [Blair, John E. A.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA.
   [Schrier, Robert W.] Univ Colorado, Denver, CO 80202 USA.
   [Metra, Marco] Univ Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
   [Traver, Brian] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA.
   [Burnett, John C., Jr.] Mayo Clin, Rochester, MN USA.
   [Grinfeld, Liliana] Hosp Italiano Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.
   [Maggioni, Aldo P.] ANMCO Res Ctr, Florence, Italy.
   [Swedberg, Karl] Univ Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Acad, Gothenburg, Sweden.
   [Udelson, James E.; Konstam, Marvin A.] Tufts Med Ctr, Boston, MA USA.
   [Zannad, Faiez] CHU, INSERM, U961, CIC9501, Nancy, France.
RP Gheorghiade, M (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Ctr Cardiovasc Innovat, Chicago, IL 60611 USA.
EM m-gheorghiade@northwestern.edu
OI Metra, Marco/0000-0001-6691-8568; Maggioni, Aldo
   Pietro/0000-0003-2764-6779
FU Otsuka
FX The EVEREST program was funded by Otsuka.
NR 34
TC 65
Z9 66
U1 2
U2 9
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0195-668X
J9 EUR HEART J
JI Eur. Heart J.
PD OCT
PY 2011
VL 32
IS 20
BP 2563
EP 2572
DI 10.1093/eurheartj/ehr238
PG 10
WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
GA 834DK
UT WOS:000295939400024
PM 21785107
ER

PT J
AU Winton, HR
AF Winton, Harold R.
TI Enduring Battle: American Soldiers in Three Wars, 1776-1945.
SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY
LA English
DT Book Review
C1 [Winton, Harold R.] USAF, Res Inst, Maxwell AFB, AL USA.
RP Winton, HR (reprint author), USAF, Res Inst, Maxwell AFB, AL USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY
PI LEXINGTON
PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA
   24450-1600 USA
SN 0899-3718
J9 J MILITARY HIST
JI J. Mil. Hist.
PD OCT
PY 2011
VL 75
IS 4
BP 1290
EP 1291
PG 2
WC History
SC History
GA 831SZ
UT WOS:000295752700020
ER

PT J
AU Forbush, SW
   Cox, T
   Wilson, E
AF Forbush, Steven W.
   Cox, Terry
   Wilson, Eric
TI Treatment of Patients With Degenerative Cervical Radiculopathy Using a
   Multimodal Conservative Approach in a Geriatric Population: A Case
   Series
SO JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC & SPORTS PHYSICAL THERAPY
LA English
DT Article
DE aging; intermittent traction; manual therapy; neck disability index;
   spondylosis
ID NECK DISABILITY INDEX; RANDOMIZED CLINICAL-TRIAL; PSYCHOMETRIC
   PROPERTIES; PHYSICAL-THERAPY; PAIN; TRACTION; RELIABILITY; MOTION;
   SPINE; MANIPULATION
AB STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective clinical case series.
   OBJECTIVE: To describe the management of 10 patients with advanced cervical spondyloarthrosis with radiculopathy, using manual therapy, intermittent mechanical cervical traction, and home exercises.
   BACKGROUND: Predictors and short-term outcomes of cervical radiculopathy have been published. These predictors have not been developed for, or applied to, geriatric patients with spondylitic radiculopathy.
   CASE DESCRIPTION: A series of 10 patients (aged 67 to 82 years) were referred to a physical therapist for medically prediagnosed cervical spondyloarthrosis and radiculopathy, as determined by magnetic resonance imaging. Neck Disability Index (NDI), numeric pain rating scale (NPRS), upper limb tension testing, Spurling's test, and the cervical distraction test were all completed on each patient at initial examination and at discharge. NDI and NPRS data were also collected at 6 months posttreatment. Intervention included manual therapy (including high-velocity low-amplitude thrust manipulation) of the upper thoracic and cervical spine, intermittent mechanical cervical traction, and a home program (including deep cervical flexor strengthening) for 6 to 12 sessions over a period of 3 to 6 weeks.
   OUTCOMES: All 10 patients had substantial improvement in NPRS and NDI scores. The mean NPRS score was less than 1/10, and the mean NDI score was 6/50 at discharge, compared to the original mean NPRS and NDI scores of 5.7 and 27.4, respectively. All patients reported maintaining those gains for 6 months.
   DISCUSSION: A multimodal approach for patients diagnosed with cervical spondyloarthrosis with radicular symptoms was useful in this geriatric population to reduce pain, minimize radicular symptoms, and improve functional outcomes.
   LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapy, level 4. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2011;41(10):723-733, Epub 4 September 2011. doi:10.2519/jospt.2011.3592
C1 [Forbush, Steven W.] Univ Cent Arkansas, Dept Phys Therapy, Conway, AR 72035 USA.
   [Cox, Terry] SW Baptist Univ, Dept Phys Therapy, Bolivar, MO USA.
   [Wilson, Eric] USAF, Little Rock AFB, Little Rock, AR USA.
RP Forbush, SW (reprint author), Univ Cent Arkansas, Dept Phys Therapy, 201 Donaghey Ave, Conway, AR 72035 USA.
EM sforbush@uca.edu
NR 56
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 16
PU J O S P T,
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 1111 NORTH FAIRFAX ST, STE 100, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1436 USA
SN 0190-6011
J9 J ORTHOP SPORT PHYS
JI J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther.
PD OCT
PY 2011
VL 41
IS 10
BP 723
EP 733
DI 10.2519/jospt.2011.3592
PG 11
WC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences
SC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences
GA 831BH
UT WOS:000295703200004
PM 21891879
ER

PT J
AU Wang, HG
   Bagley, JQ
   Tsang, L
   Huang, SW
   Ding, KH
   Ishimaru, A
AF Wang, Haogang
   Bagley, J. Quinn
   Tsang, Leung
   Huang, Shaowu
   Ding, Kung-Hau
   Ishimaru, Akira
TI Image enhancement for flat and rough film plasmon superlenses by adding
   loss
SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID FAR-FIELD SUPERLENS; ELECTROMAGNETIC-FIELDS; MODERATE THICKNESS;
   DIFFRACTION LIMIT; TRANSMISSION; MODES; LENS
AB Though surface plasmon resonances can reduce image beam width of a plasmon superlens, they distort the transfer function in the spectrum and introduce large image sidelobes as well. In this paper, image enhancement of a plasmon film superlens is investigated by adding permittivity loss. First, we add the loss in the film of the superlens and observe the sidelobes suppression. Second, we introduce loss in the image region of the superlens device and observe a flatter transfer function and obtain improved image resolution. For the silver film superlens at a free space wavelength of 337.5nm, a beam width reduction of 69% is observed. Previously, we found that introducing roughness in the superlens can reduce the beam width. In this paper, we combine surface roughness with the method of adding loss in the image region and observe a further beam width reduction. The lossy sinusoidal surface superlens at a wavelength of 351 nm gains a beam width reduction of 86% compared to the lossless flat superlens. Moreover, in this paper we provide a model for calculating the superlens near-field image intensity when the objects are illuminated by a laser source, and the more general five slits example is shown to further demonstrate the advantage of adding loss. (C) 2011 Optical Society of America
C1 [Wang, Haogang] Zhejiang Univ, Electromagnet Acad, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, Peoples R China.
   [Wang, Haogang; Bagley, J. Quinn; Tsang, Leung; Huang, Shaowu; Ishimaru, Akira] Univ Washington, Dept Elect Engn, Seattle, WA 98005 USA.
   [Ding, Kung-Hau] USAF, Sensors Directorate, Res Lab, Bedford, MA 01731 USA.
RP Tsang, L (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Elect Engn, Seattle, WA 98005 USA.
EM tsang@ee.washington.edu
FU Zhejiang University; China Scholarship Council; National Natural Science
   Foundation of China (NSFC) [60971056]; United States Department of
   Defense
FX This work is supported by the New Star Program of Zhejiang University,
   the China Scholarship Council, the National Natural Science Foundation
   of China (NSFC) grant 60971056 awarded to H. G. Wang, and by the United
   States Department of Defense under the Science, Mathematics, and
   Research for Transformation Defense Scholarship for Service Program
   awarded to J. Quinn Bagley.
NR 22
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 5
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0740-3224
J9 J OPT SOC AM B
JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys.
PD OCT
PY 2011
VL 28
IS 10
BP 2499
EP 2509
PG 11
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 835OJ
UT WOS:000296045400028
ER

PT J
AU Connelly, DA
AF Connelly, Daniel A.
TI Applying Silvia's model of interest to academic text: Is there a third
   appraisal?
SO LEARNING AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Interest; Learning; Appraisal theory; Emotion; Motivation
ID EMOTION; CURIOSITY; CONCRETENESS; EXPLORATION; MOTIVATION
AB Recent research, treating interest as an emotion, indicates the cognitive appraisals of novelty-complexity and coping potential predict interest. This appraisal-based model of interest has not yet been applied to educational research. The present study evaluated the significance of the model regarding the activity of reading expository, academic-oriented text, and assessed whether a third previously untested appraisal of goal relevance could predict interest as well. Sixty-five undergraduate psychology students, 41 females and 24 males, completed several instruments assessments of interest and three appraisals across time, experimental texts, and a measure trait curiosity as a control variable. Goal relevance, was shown to predict interest across the sample to a statistically significant degree (Unstandardized beta = .567; t = 6258; p<.001), displaying more predictive power than the combined effects of the original two appraisals. These results and the study's implications are discussed. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Connelly, Daniel A.] Auburn Univ, Dept Educ Fdn Leadership & Technol, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.
RP Connelly, DA (reprint author), USAF, Osan Air Base, Osan, South Korea.
EM dac0005@auburn.edu
NR 37
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1041-6080
EI 1873-3425
J9 LEARN INDIVID DIFFER
JI Learn. Individ. Differ.
PD OCT
PY 2011
VL 21
IS 5
BP 624
EP 628
DI 10.1016/j.lindif.2011.04.007
PG 5
WC Psychology, Educational
SC Psychology
GA 827NR
UT WOS:000295435700021
ER

PT J
AU Bedford, RG
   Triplett, G
   Tomich, DH
   Koch, SW
   Moloney, J
   Hader, J
AF Bedford, Robert G.
   Triplett, Gregory
   Tomich, David H.
   Koch, Stephan W.
   Moloney, Jerome
   Hader, Joerg
TI Reduced auger recombination in mid-infrared semiconductor lasers
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID QUANTUM-WELLS; HIGH-POWER; MU-M; TEMPERATURE; CW
AB A quantum-design approach to reduce the Auger losses in lambda = 2 mu m InGaSb type-I quantum well edge-emitting lasers is reported. Experimentally realized structures show a similar to 3 x reduction in the threshold, which results in 4.6 x lower Auger current loss at room temperature. This is equivalent to a carrier lifetime improvement of 5.7 x and represents about a 19-fold reduction in the equivalent "Auger coefficient." (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3646552]
C1 [Bedford, Robert G.; Tomich, David H.] USAF, Res Lab, Sensors Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Triplett, Gregory] Univ Missouri, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
   [Koch, Stephan W.] Univ Marburg, Dept Phys, D-35032 Marburg, Germany.
   [Koch, Stephan W.] Univ Marburg, Ctr Mat Sci, D-35032 Marburg, Germany.
   [Moloney, Jerome; Hader, Joerg] Nonlinear Control Strategies Inc, Tucson, AZ 85705 USA.
RP Bedford, RG (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Sensors Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM robert.bedford@wpafb.af.mil
OI Triplett, Gregory/0000-0003-2153-3140
FU AFOSR lab [08RY08COR]; AFOSR [FA9550-10-1-0482]; U.S. Joint Technology
   Office [AFOSR FA9550-07-1-0573]
FX The authors would like to thank Robert Cole for technical assistance.
   This work is supported by AFOSR lab task number 08RY08COR, AFOSR Young
   Investigator Program Grant No. FA9550-10-1-0482, and by a U.S. Joint
   Technology Office Grant No. AFOSR FA9550-07-1-0573.
NR 21
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 13
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
   MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD OCT 1
PY 2011
VL 110
IS 7
AR 073108
DI 10.1063/1.3646552
PG 6
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 833KE
UT WOS:000295883000009
ER

PT J
AU Gumbs, G
   Balassis, A
   Huang, DH
   Ahmed, S
   Brennan, R
AF Gumbs, Godfrey
   Balassis, Antonios
   Huang, Danhong
   Ahmed, Sheehan
   Brennan, Ryan
TI A half-step in quantized conductance for low-density electrons in a
   quantum wire
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID SPIN-ORBIT INTERACTION; MAGNETIC-FIELD; SYSTEMS; GAS; OSCILLATIONS;
   MODULATION; CHANNELS
AB We investigated the effect of perpendicular magnetic field on quantum wires when the spin-orbit interaction (SOI) of electrons is not neglected. Based on the calculated energy dispersion, the nonlinear ballistic conductance (G) and electron-diffusion thermoelectric power (S(d)) are calculated as functions of the electron density, temperature and applied bias voltage. A low-temperature half-step feature in G that was observed experimentally by Quay et al. [Nat. Phys. 6, 336 (2010)], as well as a new peak in Sd are reproduced here in the low density region. These phenomena are related to the occurrence of Zeeman splitting and a SOI induced saddle point in the band structure where the channel chemical potential lies within an anticrossing gap between the saddle point of the lower subband and the bottom of the upper subband. Additionally, side peaks in G that are far away from the zero bias for the nonlinear transport, as well as a quadratic bias-voltage dependence of G near zero voltage, are predicted and discussed. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3646555]
C1 [Gumbs, Godfrey] CUNY, Hunter Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, New York, NY 10065 USA.
   [Balassis, Antonios] DIPC, San Sebastian 20018, Basque Country, Spain.
   [Balassis, Antonios; Ahmed, Sheehan; Brennan, Ryan] Fordham Univ, Dept Phys, Bronx, NY 10458 USA.
   [Huang, Danhong] USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA.
RP Gumbs, G (reprint author), CUNY, Hunter Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, 695 Pk Ave, New York, NY 10065 USA.
EM ggumbs@hunter.cuny.edu; balassis@fordham.edu;
   danhong.huang@kirtland.af.mil; ashahmed@fordham.edu;
   rybrennan@fordham.edu
RI DONOSTIA INTERNATIONAL PHYSICS CTR., DIPC/C-3171-2014
FU AFRL [FA 9453-11-01-0263]; Air Force Office of Scientific Research
   (AFOSR)
FX This research was supported by Contract No. FA 9453-11-01-0263 of AFRL.
   D.H. would like to thank the Air Force Office of Scientific Research
   (AFOSR) for its support.
NR 29
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 5
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
   MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD OCT 1
PY 2011
VL 110
IS 7
AR 073709
DI 10.1063/1.3646555
PG 7
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 833KE
UT WOS:000295883000057
ER

PT J
AU Gunzelmann, G
AF Gunzelmann, Glenn
TI Introduction to the Topic on Modeling Spatial Cognition
SO TOPICS IN COGNITIVE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Editorial Material
DE Spatial cognition; Cognitive model
ID VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENTS; INDIVIDUAL-DIFFERENCES; ORIENTATION; NAVIGATION;
   OBJECT; CORTEX; MEMORY; PLACE; REAL; TASK
AB Our ability to process spatial information is fundamental for understanding and interacting with the environment, and it pervades other components of cognitive functioning from language to mathematics. Moreover, technological advances have produced new capabilities that have created research opportunities and astonishing applications. In this Topic on Modeling Spatial Cognition, research crossing a variety of disciplines and methodologies is described, all focused on developing models to represent the capacities and limitations of human spatial cognition.
C1 USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Gunzelmann, G (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, 711 HPW RHAC,2620 Q St,Bldg 852, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM glenn.gunzelmann@us.af.mil
NR 34
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 4
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1756-8757
J9 TOP COGN SCI
JI Top. Cogn. Sci.
PD OCT
PY 2011
VL 3
IS 4
BP 628
EP 631
DI 10.1111/j.1756-8765.2011.01160.x
PG 4
WC Psychology, Experimental
SC Psychology
GA 832VK
UT WOS:000295836800002
PM 25164501
ER

PT J
AU Herbold, EB
   Jordan, JL
   Thadhani, NN
AF Herbold, E. B.
   Jordan, J. L.
   Thadhani, N. N.
TI Effects of processing and powder size on microstructure and reactivity
   in arrested reactive milled Al plus Ni
SO ACTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE High-energy ball-milling; Self-propagating high-temperature synthesis;
   Differential scanning calorimetry; X-ray diffraction
ID NICKEL ALUMINIDES; MIXTURES; AMORPHIZATION; ACTIVATION; SYSTEM; SHS
AB Ball-milling Al-metal powders can result in self-sustaining high-temperature synthesis in intermetallic-forming systems. Here, Al and Ni powders with similar composition are used to investigate how microstructural differences affect the measured time to reaction (TTR) between powders of different sizes processed under milling conditions specified by statistically designed experiments. Linear statistical models predicting the TTR and the change in temperature (Delta T) are built from these experimental results. The time required to observe a self-sustained high-temperature synthesis of NiAl with different combinations of the powders and ball-milling conditions vary by almost an order of magnitude. Comparisons of powders milled to times corresponding to percentages of their averaged TTR show similar reaction initiation temperatures despite the difference in total milling time. Several distinct arrested reactions within the powder grains exhibit rapid solidification or incomplete diffusion of Ni into Al, forming porous Ni-rich layered structures. The partially reacted grains suggest that the composite laminate particles are not forming intermetallic on the grain scale, but on the localized scale between layers. Published by Elsevier Ltd. on behalf of Acta Materialia Inc.
C1 [Herbold, E. B.; Jordan, J. L.] USAF, High Explos Res & Dev Branch, Munit Directorate, Res Lab, Eglin AFB, FL 32542 USA.
   [Herbold, E. B.; Thadhani, N. N.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
RP Herbold, EB (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Computat Geosci Grp, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM herbold1@llnl.gov
RI Herbold, Eric/G-3432-2011
OI Herbold, Eric/0000-0002-9837-1824
FU Florida Institute for Research in Energetics (FIRE); University of
   Florida through AFRL at Eglin AFB [9-0015, FA8651-08-D-0108]
FX E.B.H. would like to thank the Florida Institute for Research in
   Energetics (FIRE) for support and J.M. Scott for adding the temperature
   control capability to the ball mill. E.B.H. would also like to thank R.
   Huffman and D.W. Richards for assistance with the DSC and XRD scans.
   Funding for this research was provided by the University of Florida
   through the task order 9-0015 from AFRL at Eglin AFB, Contract No.
   FA8651-08-D-0108.
NR 40
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 5
U2 30
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6454
EI 1873-2453
J9 ACTA MATER
JI Acta Mater.
PD OCT
PY 2011
VL 59
IS 17
BP 6717
EP 6728
DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2011.07.029
PG 12
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
   Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 827RQ
UT WOS:000295446000021
ER

PT J
AU Schmoldt, SJ
   Kirkpatrick, TC
   Rutledge, RE
   Yaccino, JM
AF Schmoldt, Steven J.
   Kirkpatrick, Timothy C.
   Rutledge, Richard E.
   Yaccino, John M.
TI Reinforcement of Simulated Immature Roots Restored with Composite Resin,
   Mineral Trioxide Aggregate, Gutta-percha, or a Fiber Post after
   Thermocycling
SO JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Fiber post; fracture resistance; immature teeth; thermocycling
ID FRACTURE-RESISTANCE; CALCIUM HYDROXIDE; APICAL PERIODONTITIS; MAXILLARY
   INCISORS; IN-VITRO; TEETH; STRENGTH; TOOTH; APEXIFICATION; SYSTEMS
AB Introduction: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the fracture resistance after thermocycling of simulated immature teeth restored with composite, a fiber post, mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), or gutta-percha. Methods: Eighty-four primary bovine mandibular incisors were divided into 7 groups (n = 12). Negative controls received no treatment. Teeth in all other groups were prepared to an internal diameter of 1.75 mm. After placement of 4-mm apical barrier of MTA, the canals were filled with their respective test materials to the facial cementoenamel junction. For the fiber post group, a fiber post was fitted to extend from the MTA barrier to 2 mm below the incisal edge and was cemented with Build-It FR. The positive controls were left unfilled. The access openings were filled with BisFil II composite. All teeth were then thermocycled for 500 cycles at 5 degrees C and 55 degrees C with a 30-second dwell time and 5-second transfer time. Each root was horizontally fractured through the test material by using an Instron Universal Testing Machine, and the peak load to fracture was recorded. The data were analyzed with analysis of variance and Tukey post hoc tests (P < .05). Results and Conclusions: Thermocycled composite was not significantly stronger than gutta-percha and MTA. The only material that significantly strengthened the simulated immature teeth was the fiber-reinforced composite with a fiber post. (J Endod 2011;37:1390-1393)
C1 [Schmoldt, Steven J.; Kirkpatrick, Timothy C.; Rutledge, Richard E.; Yaccino, John M.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Endodont, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
RP Kirkpatrick, TC (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Endodont, 59th Dent Training Squadron SGDTN,2450 Pepperrell, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
EM Timothy.Kirkpatrick@us.af.mil
NR 34
TC 12
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0099-2399
J9 J ENDODONT
JI J. Endod.
PD OCT
PY 2011
VL 37
IS 10
BP 1390
EP 1393
DI 10.1016/j.joen.2011.07.001
PG 4
WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
GA 830MT
UT WOS:000295661800011
PM 21924188
ER

PT J
AU Lezama, NG
   Riddles, LM
   Pollan, WA
   Profenna, LC
AF Lezama, Nicholas G.
   Riddles, Lawrence M.
   Pollan, William A.
   Profenna, Leonardo C.
TI Disaster Aeromedical Evacuation
SO MILITARY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
AB Successful disaster aeromedical evacuation depends on applying the principles learned by moving patients since World War II, culminating in today's global patient movement system. This article describes the role of the Department of Defense patient movement system in providing defense support to civil authorities during the 2008 hurricane season and the international disaster response to the 2010 Haiti earthquake. Adapting and applying the principles of active partnerships, establishing patient movement requirements, patient preparation, and in-transit visibility have resulted in the successful aeromedical evacuation of over 1,600 patients since the federal response to Hurricane Katrina.
C1 [Lezama, Nicholas G.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
   [Riddles, Lawrence M.] Command Surg Off, US Transportat Command, Scott AFB, IL 62225 USA.
   [Pollan, William A.] Command Surg Off, Air Mobil Command, Scott AFB, IL 62225 USA.
   [Profenna, Leonardo C.] USAF, Sch Aerosp Med, Aeromed Consult Serv, San Antonio, TX 78235 USA.
RP Lezama, NG (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
NR 10
TC 3
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 1
PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US
PI BETHESDA
PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0026-4075
J9 MIL MED
JI Milit. Med.
PD OCT
PY 2011
VL 176
IS 10
BP 1128
EP 1132
PG 5
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 831EK
UT WOS:000295711300010
PM 22128647
ER

PT J
AU Waibel, KH
   Haney, B
   Moore, M
   Whisman, B
   Gomez, R
AF Waibel, Kirk H.
   Haney, Brian
   Moore, Merrideth
   Whisman, Bonnie
   Gomez, Robert
TI Safety of Chitosan Bandages in Shellfish Allergic Patients
SO MILITARY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID SEAFOOD ALLERGY; GLUCOSAMINE; HEMORRHAGE
AB Background: In 2005, the Office of the Surgeon General mandated that every soldier carry a Hem Con bandage. Made from chitosan, a polysaccharide derived from shrimp shells, this bandage effectively stops bleeding. There are no studies reporting the safety of this bandage in shellfish allergic patients. Methods: Patients who reported shellfish allergy were recruited. Initial assessment included a detailed history, IgE skin prick testing (SPT), and serum testing to shellfish allergens. Participants who demonstrated specific shellfish IgE underwent a bandage challenge. Results: Nineteen participants were enrolled; 10 completed the study. Seven (70%) were male and the average age was 44.8 + 10 years. Nine (90%) reported a shrimp allergy history and five (50%) reported multiple shellfish allergies. All participants completing the study had positive SPT and serum IgE testing to at least one shellfish; eight (80%) had shrimp positive SPT and ten (100%) demonstrated shrimp-specific IgE. No participant had a positive SPT to chitosan powder or experienced an adverse reaction during bandage challenges. No protein bands were visualized during gel electrophoresis analysis of chitosan powder. Conclusion: All participants tolerated the Hem Con bandage without reaction. This is the first study demonstrating the safety of this bandage in shellfish allergic subjects.
C1 [Waibel, Kirk H.; Haney, Brian] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Allergy Immunol Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA.
   [Moore, Merrideth; Whisman, Bonnie; Gomez, Robert] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Med, Allergy Immunol Serv, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
RP Waibel, KH (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Allergy Immunol Serv, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA.
NR 9
TC 18
Z9 20
U1 2
U2 11
PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US
PI BETHESDA
PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0026-4075
J9 MIL MED
JI Milit. Med.
PD OCT
PY 2011
VL 176
IS 10
BP 1153
EP 1156
PG 4
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 831EK
UT WOS:000295711300014
PM 22128651
ER

PT J
AU Kennedy, HP
   Farrell, T
   Paden, R
   Hill, S
   Jolivet, R
   Cooper, BA
   Rising, SS
AF Kennedy, Holly Powell
   Farrell, Trisha
   Paden, Regina
   Hill, Shannon
   Jolivet, R. Rima
   Cooper, Bruce A.
   Rising, Sharon Schindler
TI A Randomized Clinical Trial of Group Prenatal Care in Two Military
   Settings
SO MILITARY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID SELF-EFFICACY INVENTORY; SOCIAL-SUPPORT; CENTERING PREGNANCY; OUTCOMES;
   WOMEN; LABOR; CHILDBIRTH; DEPRESSION; MOTHERS; RISK
AB A 3-year randomized clinical trial was conducted to test for differences in perinatal health behaviors, perinatal and infant health outcomes, and family health outcomes for women receiving group prenatal care (GPC) when compared to those receiving individual prenatal care. Women in GPC were almost 6 times more likely to receive adequate prenatal care than women in individual prenatal care and significantly more satisfied with their care. No differences were found by group for missed days of work, perceived stress, or social support. No differences in prenatal or postnatal depression symptoms were found in either group; however, women in GPC were significantly less likely to report feelings of guilt or shame. The findings suggest that women in GPC have more adequate care and no untoward effects were found with the model. Further study is important to evaluate long-term outcomes of GPC.
C1 [Kennedy, Holly Powell] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06536 USA.
   [Farrell, Trisha] USN, Hlth Clin, Great Lakes, IL 60088 USA.
   [Paden, Regina] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
   [Hill, Shannon] Womens Hlth Clin, Special Operat Med Grp 27, Cannon AFB, NM 88101 USA.
   [Jolivet, R. Rima] Childbirth Connect, New York, NY 10016 USA.
   [Cooper, Bruce A.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Res, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.
   [Rising, Sharon Schindler] Centering Hlth Inst, Cheshire, CT 06410 USA.
RP Kennedy, HP (reprint author), Yale Univ, 100 Church St S,Box 9740, New Haven, CT 06536 USA.
FU TriService Nursing Research Program [MDA905-04-1-TS01N04-026]
FX The authors acknowledge the assistance of Laurel Haeusslein, Janet
   Presley, Tonya Long, Ifey Asiodu, Janelle Palacios, and Amy Law in data
   collection and the consultant Dr. Jeannette R. Ickovics. This study was
   funded by the TriService Nursing Research Program
   (MDA905-04-1-TS01N04-026).
NR 55
TC 26
Z9 26
U1 0
U2 6
PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US
PI BETHESDA
PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0026-4075
J9 MIL MED
JI Milit. Med.
PD OCT
PY 2011
VL 176
IS 10
BP 1169
EP 1177
PG 9
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 831EK
UT WOS:000295711300017
PM 22128654
ER

PT J
AU Bebarta, VS
   Lairet, J
   Pitotti, R
   Dixon, P
   Valtier, S
   Tanen, DA
AF Bebarta, V. S.
   Lairet, J.
   Pitotti, R.
   Dixon, P.
   Valtier, S.
   Tanen, D. A.
TI Intravenous Hydroxocobalamin versus Intraosseous Hydroxocobalamin in the
   Treatment of Acute, Severe Cyanide Toxicity in a Validated Swine Model
SO ANNALS OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Annual Research Forum of the American-College-of-Emergency-Physicians
CY OCT 15-16, 2011
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Amer Coll Emergency Phys
C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA.
   USN, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
RI Bebarta, Vikhyat/M-1513-2015
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0196-0644
J9 ANN EMERG MED
JI Ann. Emerg. Med.
PD OCT
PY 2011
VL 58
IS 4
SU S
BP S324
EP S324
PG 1
WC Emergency Medicine
SC Emergency Medicine
GA 827ID
UT WOS:000295421300429
ER

PT J
AU Lairet, JR
   Bebarta, V
   Boudreau, S
   King, J
AF Lairet, J. R.
   Bebarta, V
   Boudreau, S.
   King, J.
TI Use of Intraosseous Hydroxocobalamin for Treatment of Hemorrhagic Shock
   in an Adult Swine (Sus Scrofa) Model: A Pilot Study
SO ANNALS OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Annual Research Forum of the American-College-of-Emergency-Physicians
CY OCT 15-16, 2011
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Amer Coll Emergency Phys
C1 [Lairet, J. R.; Bebarta, V; Boudreau, S.; King, J.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
RI Bebarta, Vikhyat/M-1513-2015
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0196-0644
J9 ANN EMERG MED
JI Ann. Emerg. Med.
PD OCT
PY 2011
VL 58
IS 4
SU S
BP S265
EP S265
PG 1
WC Emergency Medicine
SC Emergency Medicine
GA 827ID
UT WOS:000295421300260
ER

PT J
AU Lairet, JR
   McCafferty, R
   Lairet, K
   Muck, A
   Balls, A
   Minnick, J
   Torres, P
   King, J
AF Lairet, J. R.
   McCafferty, R.
   Lairet, K.
   Muck, A.
   Balls, A.
   Minnick, J.
   Torres, P.
   King, J.
TI Critical Care Air Transport Team (CCATT) Short Term Outcomes of
   Casualties With Spinal Fractures Moved With the Vacuum Spine Board
   Between 2009 and 2010
SO ANNALS OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Annual Research Forum of the American-College-of-Emergency-Physicians
CY OCT 15-16, 2011
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Amer Coll Emergency Phys
C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX USA.
   USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA.
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0196-0644
J9 ANN EMERG MED
JI Ann. Emerg. Med.
PD OCT
PY 2011
VL 58
IS 4
SU S
BP S241
EP S241
PG 1
WC Emergency Medicine
SC Emergency Medicine
GA 827ID
UT WOS:000295421300190
ER

PT J
AU McGlasson, DL
   Shah, AD
   Fritsma, GA
AF McGlasson, David L.
   Shah, Anand D.
   Fritsma, George A.
TI Ability of the INNOVANCE PFA P2Y system to detect clopidogrel-induced
   ADP receptor blockade in preangiocath individuals
SO BLOOD COAGULATION & FIBRINOLYSIS
LA English
DT Article
DE INNOVANCE PFA P2Y; light transmittance aggregometry; P2Y12; PFA-100
   system; VerifyNow P2Y12; whole blood aggregometry
ID MULTIPLE ELECTRODE AGGREGOMETRY; PLATELET-FUNCTION; WHOLE-BLOOD;
   ANALYZER; RISK
AB We compared the ability of four test systems to detect platelet P2Y12 (ADP receptor) blockade by clopidogrel. The systems were the INNOVANCE PFA P2Y cartridge (PFA P2Y), the Accumetrics VerifyNow P2Y12 cartridge (VN P2Y12), whole blood aggregometry (WBA) using 5 (WBA 5) and 10 (WBA 10) mmol/l ADP, and light transmittance aggregometry (LTA) using 20 (LTA 20) mu mol/l ADP. Blood was collected in 3.2% citrate from 101 preangiography participants who had received 300-600mg of clopidogrel within 6-24 h or 75 mg daily for at least 7 days. Blood was also collected in 3.8% citrate for the PFA P2Y. Cut-offs indicating blockade were PFA P2Y, more than 106 s; VN P2Y12, less than 20%, less than 235 Plavix resistance unit (PRU); WBA 5, less than 5 ohms; WBA 10, less than 8 ohms; and LTA 20, less than 50% aggregation. Percentage positives were PFA P2Y (3.2% citrate), 59%; PFA P2Y (3.8% citrate), 95%; VN P2Y12, 60%; VN P2Y12 PRU, 50%; WBA 5, 88%; WBA 10, 89%; and LTA 20, 72%. Percentage agreements were PFA P2Y 3.2% to VN P2Y12, 71%; PFA P2Y 3.2% to WBA 5 and 10, 64 and 65%, respectively; PFA P2Y 3.2% to LTA 20, 69%; PFA P2Y 3.8% to VN P2Y12, 71%, and to VN P2Y12 PRU, 60%; PFA P2Y 3.8% to WBA 5 and 10, 90% for both; PFA P2Y 3.8% to LTA 20, 76%; VN P2Y12 to WBA 5 and 10, 68 and 67%, respectively; and VN P2Y12 to LTA 20, 72%. PFA P2Y (3.2% citrate) detection compared favorably to VN P2Y12. The same system at 3.8% citrate compared more closely to WBA 5 and WBA 10. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis 22:583-587 (C) 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
C1 [McGlasson, David L.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Div Clin Res 59, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA.
   [McGlasson, David L.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Div Clin Res 59, San Antonio, TX USA.
   [Fritsma, George A.] Fritsma Factor, Cambridge, NS, England.
   [Shah, Anand D.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Div Cardiol, San Antonio, TX USA.
RP McGlasson, DL (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Div Clin Res 59, 59CSPG SGVUL,1255 Wilford Hall Loop,Bldg 4430, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA.
EM david.mcglasson@usa.af.mil
FU Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics Inc.; United States Air Force office of
   the Surgeon General
FX Funding for this protocol was partially provided by Siemens Healthcare
   Diagnostics Inc. and the United States Air Force office of the Surgeon
   General.
NR 15
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 2
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0957-5235
J9 BLOOD COAGUL FIBRIN
JI Blood Coagul. Fibrinolysis
PD OCT
PY 2011
VL 22
IS 7
BP 583
EP 587
DI 10.1097/MBC.0b013e328349a2ba
PG 5
WC Hematology
SC Hematology
GA 827AD
UT WOS:000295395800005
PM 21799401
ER

PT J
AU Yakopcic, C
   Taha, TM
   Subramanyam, G
   Pino, RE
   Rogers, S
AF Yakopcic, Chris
   Taha, Tarek M.
   Subramanyam, Guru
   Pino, Robinson E.
   Rogers, Stanley
TI A Memristor Device Model
SO IEEE ELECTRON DEVICE LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Device model; memristive; memristor; simulation
AB This letter proposes a new mathematical model for memristor devices. It builds on existing models and is correlated against several published device characterizations. This letter identifies significant discrepancies between the existing models and published device characterization data. The proposed model addresses these discrepancies. In particular, it allows modeling of memristor-based neuromorphic systems.
C1 [Yakopcic, Chris; Taha, Tarek M.; Subramanyam, Guru] Univ Dayton, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
   [Pino, Robinson E.] USAF, Res Lab, Rome, NY 13441 USA.
   [Rogers, Stanley] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Yakopcic, C (reprint author), Univ Dayton, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
EM yakopccg@notes.udayton.edu; tarek.taha@notes.udayton.edu;
   guru.subramanyam@notes.udayton.edu; Robinson.Pino@rl.af.mil;
   Stanley.Rogers2@wpafb.af.mil
NR 16
TC 72
Z9 74
U1 1
U2 29
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0741-3106
EI 1558-0563
J9 IEEE ELECTR DEVICE L
JI IEEE Electron Device Lett.
PD OCT
PY 2011
VL 32
IS 10
BP 1436
EP 1438
DI 10.1109/LED.2011.2163292
PG 3
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA 826GH
UT WOS:000295340300040
ER

PT J
AU Rasch, CRN
   Duppen, JC
   Steenbakkers, RJ
   Baseman, D
   Eng, TY
   Fuller, CD
   Harris, AM
   Jones, WE
   Li, Y
   Maani, E
   Nguyen, DD
   Swanson, GP
   Bicquart, C
   Gagnon, P
   Holland, J
   McDonald, T
   Thomas, CR
   Wang, SJ
   Fuss, M
   Sharp, HJ
   Ludwig, M
   Rosenthal, DI
   Diaz, AZ
   Demandante, CGN
   Shapiro, R
AF Rasch, Coen R. N.
   Duppen, Joop C.
   Steenbakkers, Roel J.
   Baseman, Daniel
   Eng, Tony Y.
   Fuller, Clifton D.
   Harris, Anna M.
   Jones, William E., III
   Li, Ying
   Maani, Elizabeth
   Nguyen, Dominic D.
   Swanson, Gregory P.
   Bicquart, Celine
   Gagnon, Patrick
   Holland, John
   McDonald, Tasha
   Thomas, Charles R., Jr.
   Wang, Samuel J.
   Fuss, Martin
   Sharp, Hadley J.
   Ludwig, Michelle
   Rosenthal, David I.
   Diaz, Aidnag Z.
   Demandante, Carlo G. N.
   Shapiro, Ronald
CA Multiinst Target Delineation
TI Human-Computer Interaction in Radiotherapy Target Volume Delineation: A
   Prospective, Multi-institutional Comparison of User Input Devices
SO JOURNAL OF DIGITAL IMAGING
LA English
DT Article
DE User interface; User-computer interface; Workflow; Workflow
   reengineering; Radiation oncology; Radiotherapy; Observer variation;
   Observer performance; Imaging informatics; Human-computer interaction
ID HEAD-AND-NECK; RADIOLOGY WORKSTATION; RADIATION ONCOLOGY; LUNG-CANCER;
   FDG-PET/CT; OBSERVER VARIATION; PROSTATE; CT; DEFINITION; INTERVENTION
AB The purpose of this study was the prospective comparison of objective and subjective effects of target volume region of interest (ROI) delineation using mouse-keyboard and pen-tablet user input devices (UIDs). The study was designed as a prospective test/retest sequence, with Wilcoxon signed rank test for matched-pair comparison. Twenty-one physician-observers contoured target volume ROIs on four standardized cases (representative of brain, prostate, lung, and head and neck malignancies) twice: once using QWERTY keyboard/scroll-wheel mouse UID and once with pen-tablet UID (DTX2100, Wacom Technology Corporation, Vancouver, WA, USA). Active task time, ROI manipulation task data, and subjective survey data were collected. One hundred twenty-nine target volume ROI sets were collected, with 62 paired pen-tablet/mouse-keyboard sessions. Active contouring time was reduced using the pen-tablet UID, with mean +/- SD active contouring time of 26 +/- 23 min, compared with 32 +/- 25 with the mouse (p a parts per thousand currency signaEuro parts per thousand 0.01). Subjective estimation of time spent was also reduced from 31 +/- 26 with mouse to 27 +/- 22 min with the pen (p = 0.02). Task analysis showed ROI correction task reduction (p = 0.045) and decreased panning and scrolling tasks (p < 0.01) with the pen-tablet; drawing, window/level changes, and zoom commands were unchanged (p = n.s.) Volumetric analysis demonstrated no detectable differences in ROI volume nor intra- or inter-observer volumetric coverage. Fifty-two of 62 (84%) users preferred the tablet for each contouring task; 5 of 62 (8%) denoted no preference, and 5 of 62 (8%) chose the mouse interface. The pen-tablet UID reduced active contouring time and reduced correction of ROIs, without substantially altering ROI volume/coverage.
C1 [Rasch, Coen R. N.; Duppen, Joop C.; Steenbakkers, Roel J.] Antoni Van Leeuwenhoek Hosp, Netherlands Canc Inst, Dept Radiat Oncol, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
   [Baseman, Daniel; Eng, Tony Y.; Fuller, Clifton D.; Harris, Anna M.; Jones, William E., III; Li, Ying; Maani, Elizabeth; Nguyen, Dominic D.; Swanson, Gregory P.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Radiat Oncol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA.
   [Bicquart, Celine; Gagnon, Patrick; Holland, John; McDonald, Tasha; Thomas, Charles R., Jr.; Wang, Samuel J.; Fuss, Martin] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Dept Radiat Med, Portland, OR 97201 USA.
   [Sharp, Hadley J.; Ludwig, Michelle; Rosenthal, David I.] Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Radiat Oncol, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
   [Diaz, Aidnag Z.] Rush Univ, Dept Radiat Oncol, Chicago, IL 60612 USA.
   [Demandante, Carlo G. N.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA.
   [Shapiro, Ronald] Indiana Univ, Dept Radiat Oncol, Indianapolis, IN 46204 USA.
   [Multiinst Target Delineation] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Radiol, Grad Program Radiol Sci, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA.
RP Rasch, CRN (reprint author), Antoni Van Leeuwenhoek Hosp, Netherlands Canc Inst, Dept Radiat Oncol, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
OI Fuller, Clifton/0000-0002-5264-3994
FU Radiological Society of North America Education and Research Foundation
   [RR0732]; National Institutes of Health (National Institute of
   Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering and National Cancer Institute)
   [5T32EB000817-04, L30 CA136381]
FX The corresponding author received research funding through a Resident
   Research Grant from the Radiological Society of North America Education
   and Research Foundation (RR0732) and from the National Institutes of
   Health (National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering
   [5T32EB000817-04] and National Cancer Institute Clinical Research Loan
   Repayment Program [L30 CA136381]). Pen-tablet devices were provided as a
   loan-in-kind for the duration of the study by Wacom, Inc. (Vancouver,
   WA). These funders had no role in study design, in the collection,
   analysis and interpretation of data, in the writing of the manuscript,
   nor in the decision to submit the manuscript for publication.
NR 49
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 7
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0897-1889
J9 J DIGIT IMAGING
JI J. Digit. Imaging
PD OCT
PY 2011
VL 24
IS 5
BP 794
EP 803
DI 10.1007/s10278-010-9341-2
PG 10
WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
GA 825KU
UT WOS:000295274000008
ER

PT J
AU Jupelli, M
   Murthy, AK
   Chaganty, BKR
   Guentzel, MN
   Selby, DM
   Vasquez, MM
   Mustafa, SB
   Henson, BM
   Seidner, SR
   Zhong, GM
   Arulanandam, BP
AF Jupelli, Madhulika
   Murthy, Ashlesh K.
   Chaganty, Bharat K. R.
   Guentzel, M. Neal
   Selby, Dale M.
   Vasquez, Margarita M.
   Mustafa, Shamimunisa B.
   Henson, Barbara M.
   Seidner, Steven R.
   Zhong, Guangming
   Arulanandam, Bernard P.
TI Neonatal chlamydial pneumonia induces altered respiratory structure and
   function lasting into adult life
SO LABORATORY INVESTIGATION
LA English
DT Article
DE airway hyperreactivity; antimicrobial treatment; infection during
   saccular and alveolar lung development; lung parenchymal changes;
   neonatal pulmonary chlamydial infection; respiratory sequelae in
   juvenile and adult life
ID POSTNATAL LUNG GROWTH; ALVEOLAR COUNT METHOD; GAMMA IMMUNE EVASION;
   TRACHOMATIS INFECTION; AIRWAYS DISEASE; INFANTS; REAPPRAISAL;
   SURFACTANT; CHILDREN; TROPISM
AB Respiratory dysfunction in adults has been correlated with neonatal Chlamydia trachomatis pneumonia in several studies, but a causal association has not been clearly demonstrated. In this study, we examined radial alveolar counts (RACs) by microscopy, and airway and parenchymal lung function using a small animal ventilator in juvenile (5 weeks age) and adult (8 weeks age) BALB/c mice challenged as neonates with Chlamydia muridarum (C. mur) on day 1 or day 7 after birth, representing saccular (human pre-term neonates) and alveolar (human term neonates) stages of lung development, respectively. Pups challenged with C. mur on either day 1 or 7 after birth demonstrated significantly enhanced airway hyperreactivity and lung compliance, both as juveniles (5 weeks age) and adults (8 weeks age), compared with mock-challenged mice. Moreover, mice challenged neonatally with Chlamydia displayed significantly reduced RACs, suggesting emphysematous changes. Antimicrobial treatment during the neonatal infection induced early bacterial clearance and partially ameliorated the Chlamydia-induced lung dysfunction as adults. These results suggest that neonatal chlamydial pneumonia, especially in pre-term neonates, is a cause of respiratory dysfunction continuing into adulthood, and that antimicrobial administration may be partially effective in preventing the adverse respiratory sequelae in adulthood. The results of our studies also emphasize the importance of prenatal screening and treatment of pregnant women for C. trachomatis in order to prevent the infection of neonates. Laboratory Investigation (2011) 91, 1530-1539; doi:10.1038/labinvest.2011.103; published online 18 July 2011
C1 [Jupelli, Madhulika; Murthy, Ashlesh K.; Chaganty, Bharat K. R.; Guentzel, M. Neal; Arulanandam, Bernard P.] Univ Texas San Antonio, Dept Biol, S Texas Ctr Emerging Infect Dis, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA.
   [Vasquez, Margarita M.; Mustafa, Shamimunisa B.; Henson, Barbara M.; Seidner, Steven R.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Pediat, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA.
   [Selby, Dale M.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA.
   [Zhong, Guangming] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA.
RP Arulanandam, BP (reprint author), Univ Texas San Antonio, Dept Biol, S Texas Ctr Emerging Infect Dis, 1 UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA.
EM Bernard.arulanandam@utsa.edu
RI Arulanandam, Bernard/O-9501-2014; 
OI Chaganty, Bharat Kumar Reddy/0000-0003-3281-6218
FU National Institutes of Health [1 RO1 AI074860]
FX This work is supported by the National Institutes of Health Grant 1 RO1
   AI074860.
NR 39
TC 16
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 2
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 0023-6837
J9 LAB INVEST
JI Lab. Invest.
PD OCT
PY 2011
VL 91
IS 10
BP 1530
EP 1539
DI 10.1038/labinvest.2011.103
PG 10
WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pathology
SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Pathology
GA 826MG
UT WOS:000295357700011
PM 21769086
ER

PT J
AU Abuzeid, M
   Dalton, SR
   Ferringer, T
   Bernert, R
   Elston, DM
AF Abuzeid, Margaret
   Dalton, Scott R.
   Ferringer, Tammie
   Bernert, Richard
   Elston, Dirk M.
TI Microphthalmia-Associated Transcription Factor-Positive Pseudonests in
   Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DERMATOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Letter
ID MELANOMA IN-SITU; SUN-DAMAGED SKIN; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL DEMONSTRATION;
   PSEUDOMELANOCYTIC NESTS; KERATOSIS; PROTEIN; NEVI
C1 [Abuzeid, Margaret] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX USA.
   [Abuzeid, Margaret] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA.
   [Dalton, Scott R.; Ferringer, Tammie; Elston, Dirk M.] Geisinger Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Danville, PA 17822 USA.
   [Bernert, Richard] Arizona Dermatopathol, Scottsdale, AZ USA.
RP Abuzeid, M (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX USA.
NR 10
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 2
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0193-1091
J9 AM J DERMATOPATH
JI Am. J. Dermatopathol.
PD OCT
PY 2011
VL 33
IS 7
BP 752
EP 754
DI 10.1097/DAD.0b013e3182099476
PG 4
WC Dermatology
SC Dermatology
GA 823JP
UT WOS:000295118600024
PM 21915039
ER

PT J
AU Davy, CM
   Edwards, T
   Lathrop, A
   Bratton, M
   Hagan, M
   Henen, B
   Nagy, KA
   Stone, J
   Hillard, LS
   Murphy, RW
AF Davy, Christina M.
   Edwards, Taylor
   Lathrop, Amy
   Bratton, Mark
   Hagan, Mark
   Henen, Brian
   Nagy, Kenneth A.
   Stone, Jonathon
   Hillard, L. Scott
   Murphy, Robert W.
TI Polyandry and multiple paternities in the threatened Agassiz's desert
   tortoise, Gopherus agassizii
SO CONSERVATION GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
DE CERVUS; Chelonids; Microsatellites; Reproductive strategy; Tortoise
   conservation
ID RIDLEY SEA-TURTLE; EFFECTIVE POPULATION-SIZE; NORTH-AMERICAN TORTOISES;
   SPERM STORAGE; MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; CHELONIA-MYDAS;
   PODOCNEMIS-EXPANSA; CARETTA-CARETTA; PAINTED TURTLES; HIGH-FREQUENCY
AB We used data from 17 to 20 microsatellite markers to investigate the incidence of multiple paternities in wild Agassiz's desert tortoises, Gopherus agassizii. Neonates were sampled from clutches of eggs laid by wild mothers in nesting enclosures at Edwards Air Force Base and at the Marine Corps Air Ground Combat Center, California. We genotyped 28 clutches from 26 females sampling an average of six neonates per clutch. The number of paternal alleles was used to determine the minimum number of sires for each clutch. Based on conservative criteria requiring evidence from at least two loci to determine multiple paternity, a minimum of 64% of females were polyandrous, while a minimum of 57% of clutches were sired by multiple males. This formed one of the highest incidences of multiple paternities recorded to date in any species of tortoise. The high number of microsatellite loci involved in the analyses allowed detection of multiple paternities in clutches where this may have been missed if fewer loci were used. Our results highlighted the potential pitfalls of quantitatively comparing paternity studies based on differing sampling strategies. Finally, we summarized the conservation implications of the high rate of multiple paternities in this threatened species.
C1 [Davy, Christina M.; Murphy, Robert W.] Univ Toronto, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Toronto, ON M5S 3B2, Canada.
   [Edwards, Taylor] Univ Arizona, Arizona Res Labs, Univ Arizona Genet, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
   [Lathrop, Amy; Murphy, Robert W.] Royal Ontario Museum, Dept Nat Hist, Toronto, ON M5S 2C6, Canada.
   [Bratton, Mark] Dept Nat Resources, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA.
   [Hagan, Mark] USAF, Environm Management Off, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA.
   [Henen, Brian] MACGFTC MCAGCC, Twentynine Palms, CA 92278 USA.
   [Nagy, Kenneth A.; Hillard, L. Scott] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
   [Stone, Jonathon] McMaster Univ, Dept Biol, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
RP Murphy, RW (reprint author), Univ Toronto, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, 25 Wilcocks St, Toronto, ON M5S 3B2, Canada.
EM bob.murphy@utoronto.ca
RI Henen, Brian/S-6552-2016; 
OI Henen, Brian/0000-0003-3412-4944; Murphy, Robert/0000-0001-8555-2338
FU Edwards Air Force Base; Marine Corps Air Ground Combat Center; Arizona
   Research Laboratories; National Science and Engineering Research Council
   (NSERC) of Canada [A3148]
FX We thank Amber Hoehn and Eric Peffer (CH2MHILL Biologists at EAFB) for
   assistance locating tortoises in the field. Vanessa Buzzard, Andre Ngo
   and Kristen Choffe assisted with extraction, genotyping, and
   microsatellite development. This work was supported by the Edwards Air
   Force Base, the Marine Corps Air Ground Combat Center; Arizona Research
   Laboratories, and the National Science and Engineering Research Council
   (NSERC) of Canada (Discovery Grant A3148 to R. W. Murphy, and a Canadian
   Graduate Scholarship to C. Davy). Field work on tortoises was conducted
   under U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service recovery permit TE-085050-2 to K.
   Nagy, and under California Department of Fish and Game (CDFG) Scientific
   Collecting Permit Permanent ID Number SC-001954 in conjunction with CDFG
   Memorandum of Understanding dated 15 December 2005. A previous version
   of this manuscript benefited greatly from the comments of two anonymous
   reviewers.
NR 63
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U1 1
U2 29
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1566-0621
J9 CONSERV GENET
JI Conserv. Genet.
PD OCT
PY 2011
VL 12
IS 5
BP 1313
EP 1322
DI 10.1007/s10592-011-0232-y
PG 10
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Genetics & Heredity
GA 819BE
UT WOS:000294799600015
ER

PT J
AU Cox, DW
   Ghahramanlou-Holloway, M
   Greene, FN
   Bakalar, JL
   Schendel, CL
   Nademin, ME
   Jobes, DA
   Englert, DR
   Kindt, M
AF Cox, Daniel W.
   Ghahramanlou-Holloway, Marjan
   Greene, Farrah N.
   Bakalar, Jennifer L.
   Schendel, Christina L.
   Nademin, M. Elicia
   Jobes, David A.
   Englert, David R.
   Kindt, Michael
TI Suicide in the United States Air Force: Risk factors communicated before
   and at death
SO JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Suicide; Suicide risk factor; Suicide note; Interpersonal; Military; Air
   force
ID GENDER; HEALTH; CARE; BEHAVIOR; PROGRAM; PAIN
AB Background: Over the last decade, suicide rates in the U.S. military have steadily increased, resulting in a call for suicide-related research with military populations. The present project aimed to describe and evaluate the communications (i.e., verbally and in suicide notes) of 13 suicide risk factors in the suicide death investigation files of 98 active duty U.S. Air Force (USAF) members.
   Methods: Two-hundred thirty-seven suicide death investigation files were coded. Ninety-eight decedents left suicide notes and were included in the current analyses. Descriptive statistics were computed to evaluate the types of risk factors most commonly communicated prior to and at the time of death as well as the medium for their communication. Specifically, verbal and note communications were compared to evaluate which medium decedents most often used to communicate risk factors. Also, the frequency that interpersonal compared to intrapsychic risk factors were communicated was evaluated.
   Results: Hopelessness (35.7% of cases) and perceived burdensomeness (31.6% of cases) were the risk factors most often communicated in suicide notes but not verbally. Thwarted belongingness (29.6% of cases) was the risk factor most often communicated verbally and in the suicide note. Further, evaluated risk factors were more frequently communicated in suicide notes than verbally. Finally, interpersonal risk factors were more often communicated than intrapsychic risk factors.
   Limitations: The validity of the data relies on interviews of decedents' acquaintances and various medical/military records.
   Conclusions: Our findings support emphasizing certain risk factors over others in USAF suicide prevention efforts. Further, interpersonal risk factors appeared to be more salient than intrapsychic risk factors in the minds of decedents. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Cox, Daniel W.; Ghahramanlou-Holloway, Marjan; Greene, Farrah N.; Bakalar, Jennifer L.; Schendel, Christina L.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med & Clin Psychol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
   [Jobes, David A.] Catholic Univ Amer, Dept Psychol, Washington, DC 20064 USA.
   [Englert, David R.] USAF, Off Special Invest, Andrews AFB, MD USA.
   [Kindt, Michael] USAF, Suicide Prevent Program, Lackland AFB, TX USA.
RP Ghahramanlou-Holloway, M (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med & Clin Psychol, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd,Room B3050, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
EM mholloway@usuhs.mil
FU Department of Defense, Uniformed Services University of the Health
   Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland; Air Force Office of Special
   Investigation's staff
FX Funding for this study was provided under a new faculty startup package
   provided to Dr. Ghahramanlou-Holloway by the Department of Defense,
   Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda,
   Maryland.; The authors would like to thank (1) the Air Force Office of
   Special Investigation's staff for their support on record retrieval and
   review and (2) the study coders (Kathryn DeYoung, Elisabeth Fritz,
   Brianne George, Samuel Golenbock, Kristen Kochanski, Kathryn Lou,
   Rachael Lunt, Jeffery Martin, Melinda Moore, Aviella Snitman, Graham
   Sterling, Edwin Szeto, and MK Yeargin) for their assistance with data
   collection.
NR 37
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-0327
J9 J AFFECT DISORDERS
JI J. Affect. Disord.
PD OCT
PY 2011
VL 133
IS 3
BP 398
EP 405
DI 10.1016/j.jad.2011.05.011
PG 8
WC Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry
GA 823HB
UT WOS:000295112000005
PM 21652080
ER

PT J
AU Hill, RR
   Leggio, DA
   Capehart, SR
   Roesener, AG
AF Hill, Raymond R.
   Leggio, Derek A.
   Capehart, Shay R.
   Roesener, August G.
TI Examining Improved Experimental Designs for Wind Tunnel Testing Using
   Monte Carlo Sampling Methods
SO QUALITY AND RELIABILITY ENGINEERING INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
DE experimental design; wind tunnel testing; Monte Carlo
AB Wind tunnels are used in the design and testing of a wide variety of systems and products. Wind tunnel test campaigns involve a large number of experimental data points, can take a long time to accomplish, and can consume tremendous resources. Design of Experiments is a systematic, statistically based approach to experimental design and analysis that has the potential to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of wind tunnel testing. In Defense Acquisition, wind tunnel testing of aircraft systems may require years of effort to fully characterize the system of interest. We employ data from a fairly large legacy wind tunnel test campaign and compare that data's corresponding response surface to the response surfaces derived from data generated using smaller, statistically motivated experimental design strategies. The comparison is accomplished using a Monte Carlo sampling methodology coupled with a statistical comparison of the system's estimated response surfaces. Initial results suggest a tremendous opportunity to reduce wind tunnel test efforts without losing test information. Published in 2010 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Hill, Raymond R.; Roesener, August G.] USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Operat Sci, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Leggio, Derek A.] US Strateg Command, Offut AFB, NE 68113 USA.
   [Capehart, Shay R.] USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Math & Stat, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Hill, RR (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Operat Sci, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM raymond.hill@afit.edu
FU Arnold Engineering and Development Center; Tom Best
FX The authors thank the wonderful support of the Arnold Engineering and
   Development Center and Tom Best for the research topic and data provided
   to support this research.
NR 12
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 6
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0748-8017
J9 QUAL RELIAB ENG INT
JI Qual. Reliab. Eng. Int.
PD OCT
PY 2011
VL 27
IS 6
BP 795
EP 803
DI 10.1002/qre.1165
PG 9
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Industrial; Operations
   Research & Management Science
SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science
GA 823QD
UT WOS:000295137300006
ER

PT J
AU Pilchak, AL
   Shiveley, AR
   Tiley, JS
   Ballard, DL
AF Pilchak, A. L.
   Shiveley, A. R.
   Tiley, J. S.
   Ballard, D. L.
TI AnyStitch: a tool for combining electron backscatter diffraction data
   sets
SO JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY
LA English
DT Article
DE EBSD; SEM; texture
ID CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC ORIENTATION; TI-6242 ALLOY; TEXTURE
AB Recent advances in electron backscatter diffraction equipment and software have permitted increased data acquisition rates on the order of hundreds of points per second with additional increases in the foreseeable future likely. This increase in speed allows users to collect data from statistically significant areas of samples by combining beam-control scans and automated stage movements. To facilitate data analysis, however, the individual tiles must be combined, or stitched, into a single data set. In this paper, we describe a MATLAB (R) (The Mathworks, Inc., Natick, MA, USA) program to facilitate stitching of electron backscatter diffraction data. The method offers users a wide range of controls for tile placement including independent overlaps for horizontal and vertical tiles and also includes a parameter to account for systematic stage positioning errors or improperly calibrated scan rotation. The code can stitch data collected on either square or hexagonal grids and contains a function to reduce the resolution of square grid data if the resulting file is too large (or has too many grains) to be opened by the analysis software. The software was primarily written to work with TSL (R) OIM (TM) data sets and includes a function to quickly read compressed *.osc files into a variable in the MATLAB (R) workspace as opposed to using slower, text-reading functions. The output file is in *.ang format and can be opened directly by TSL (R) OIM (TM) Analysis software. A set of functions to facilitate stitching of text-based *.ctf files produced by Oxford Instruments HKL systems are also included. Finally, the code can also be used to combine *.tif images to produce a montage. The source code, a graphical user interface and a compiled version of the software was made available in the online version of this paper.
C1 [Pilchak, A. L.; Shiveley, A. R.; Tiley, J. S.; Ballard, D. L.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, RXLM, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Pilchak, A. L.; Shiveley, A. R.] Universal Technol Corp, Dayton, OH USA.
RP Pilchak, AL (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, RXLM, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM adam.pilchak@wpafb.af.mil
FU Air Force [FA8650-07-D-5800]
FX This work was conducted as part of the in-house research activities of
   the Metals Processing Group of the Air Force Research Laboratory's
   Materials and Manufacturing Directorate. The support and encouragement
   of the Laboratory management and the Air Force Office of Scientific
   Research (Dr. J. Fuller and Dr. Ali Sayir, program managers) are
   gratefully acknowledged. The authors are grateful to Dr. P. A. Shade
   (UTC) for useful discussions. Two of the authors (ALP and ARS) were
   supported through Air Force Contract FA8650-07-D-5800. Dr. G. S. Sargent
   (UES, Inc.) and Dr. S. L Semiatin (AFRL) are acknowledged for providing
   the Ti-6Al-4V ingot sample.
NR 15
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 3
U2 15
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0022-2720
J9 J MICROSC-OXFORD
JI J. Microsc..
PD OCT
PY 2011
VL 244
IS 1
BP 38
EP 44
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2818.2011.03496.x
PG 7
WC Microscopy
SC Microscopy
GA 822IM
UT WOS:000295037700003
PM 21539565
ER

PT J
AU Ryan, BJ
   Brothers, MD
   Nelson, JL
   Doan, BK
   Zupan, MF
   Prommer, N
   Byrnes, WC
AF Ryan, Benjamin J.
   Brothers, Michael D.
   Nelson, Jeffrey L.
   Doan, Brandon K.
   Zupan, Michael F.
   Prommer, Nicole
   Byrnes, William C.
TI Influence of carbon monoxide leaks on the measurement error of total
   haemoglobin mass
SO SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL & LABORATORY INVESTIGATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Haemoglobin mass; carboxyhaemoglobin; carbon monoxide rebreathing;
   measurement error; blood volume
ID CO-REBREATHING METHOD; BLOOD-VOLUME; ALTITUDE; IMPACT
AB Total haemoglobin mass (Hb(mass)) can be assessed with low measurement error using carbon monoxide (CO) rebreathing. However, variability in measurement error of Hb(mass) has been reported across laboratories and it has previously been suggested that CO leaks contribute to this variability. As a result of employing a standardized leak monitoring procedure using two CO detectors, we were able to retrospectively examine the impact of CO leaks on Hb(mass) values from past test-retest studies in our laboratory using the optimized CO rebreathing method. Test-retest data were collected to determine measurement error, with subjects tested twice within 5 days. Test-retest data were placed into separate categories based on magnitude and duration of CO leak observed during one of the two tests. The No Leak category contained test-retest data in which no leak occurred during either test. The Minor Leak category contained test-retest data in which one of the tests had a CO leak of magnitude less than 30 ppm and less than 5 seconds duration, whereas the Major Leak category included test-retest data in which a leak greater than this magnitude or duration occurred. Measurement error was lowest in the No Leak category (1.9%; 95% CI: 1.6-2.3%; n = 56), approximately doubled in the Minor Leaks category (3.6%; 95% CI: 2.6-6.1%; n = 13), and dramatically increased in the Major Leaks category (9.3%; 95% CI: 6.3-17.6%; n = 10). We recommend careful monitoring of potential CO leaks using multiple detectors. To minimize measurement error, tests in which any CO leak is detected should be excluded.
C1 [Ryan, Benjamin J.; Byrnes, William C.] Univ Colorado, Dept Integrat Physiol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
   [Brothers, Michael D.; Nelson, Jeffrey L.; Doan, Brandon K.; Zupan, Michael F.] USAF Acad, Human Performance Lab, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
   [Zupan, Michael F.] USAF, Res Lab, Brooks City Base, TX USA.
   [Prommer, Nicole] Univ Bayreuth, Dept Sports Med & Sports Physiol, Bayreuth, Germany.
RP Ryan, BJ (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Integrat Physiol, 1725 Pleasant St,354 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM benjamin.ryan@colorado.edu
FU HQ AF/SGR; USAF Academy Life Sciences Research Center
FX This research was funded by a HQ AF/SGR grant and a USAF Academy Life
   Sciences Research Center grant. The views expressed are those of the
   authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the United
   States Air Force, the Department of Defense, or the US Government.
NR 15
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 1
PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE
PI LONDON
PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND
SN 0036-5513
J9 SCAND J CLIN LAB INV
JI Scand. J. Clin. Lab. Invest.
PD OCT
PY 2011
VL 71
IS 6
BP 523
EP 528
DI 10.3109/00365513.2011.589008
PG 6
WC Medicine, Research & Experimental
SC Research & Experimental Medicine
GA 821IM
UT WOS:000294968300012
PM 21728899
ER

PT J
AU Ruggles-Wrenn, MB
   Sharma, V
AF Ruggles-Wrenn, Marina B.
   Sharma, Vipul
TI Effects of Steam Environment on Fatigue Behavior of Two SiC/[SiC+Si3N4]
   Ceramic Composites at 1300A degrees C
SO APPLIED COMPOSITE MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE Ceramic-matrix composites (CMCs); Fatigue; High-temperature properties;
   Fractography
ID SIC MATRIX COMPOSITES; OXIDATION; DESIGN; FIBERS; PRECURSOR; STABILITY;
   CREEP
AB The fatigue behaviors of two SiC/[SiC+Si3N4] ceramic matrix composites (CMC) were investigated at 1,300A degrees C in laboratory air and in steam. Composites consisted of a crystalline [SiC+Si3N4] matrix reinforced with either Sylramic (TM) or Sylramic-iBN fibers (treated Sylramic (TM) fibers that possess an in situ BN coating) woven in a five-harness satin weave fabric and coated with a proprietary boron-containing dual-layer interphase. The tensile stress-strain behaviors were investigated and the tensile properties measured at 1,300A degrees C. Tension-tension fatigue behaviors of both CMCs were studied for fatigue stresses ranging from 100 to 180 MPa. The fatigue limit (based on a run-out condition of 2 x 10(5) cycles) in both air and steam was 100 MPa for the CMC containing Sylramic (TM) fibers and 140 MPa for the CMC reinforced with Sylramic-iBN fibers. At higher fatigue stresses, the presence of steam caused noticeable degradation in fatigue performance of both composites. The retained strength and modulus of all run-out specimens were characterized. The materials tested in air retained 100% of their tensile strength, while the materials tested in steam retained only about 90% of their tensile strength.
C1 [Ruggles-Wrenn, Marina B.; Sharma, Vipul] USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Ruggles-Wrenn, MB (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM marina.ruggles-wrenn@afit.edu
RI Ruggles-Wrenn, Marina/J-6103-2014
FU Air Force Research Laboratory
FX The authors would like to thank Dr. G. Fair for many valuable
   discussions. The financial support of the Air Force Research Laboratory
   Materials and Manufacturing Directorate (Dr. M. Cinibulk) is highly
   appreciated.
NR 24
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 17
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0929-189X
J9 APPL COMPOS MATER
JI Appl. Compos. Mater.
PD OCT
PY 2011
VL 18
IS 5
BP 385
EP 396
DI 10.1007/s10443-010-9163-x
PG 12
WC Materials Science, Composites
SC Materials Science
GA 819GN
UT WOS:000294813500002
ER

PT J
AU Burns, JT
   Larsen, JM
   Gangloff, RP
AF Burns, J. T.
   Larsen, J. M.
   Gangloff, R. P.
TI Driving forces for localized corrosion-to-fatigue crack transition in
   Al-Zn-Mg-Cu
SO FATIGUE & FRACTURE OF ENGINEERING MATERIALS & STRUCTURES
LA English
DT Article
DE AFGROW; aluminium; corrosion fatigue; finite element analysis; fatigue
   at notches; fatigue crack initiation; hydrogen embrittlement; life
   prediction
ID STRESS INTENSITY FACTOR; CORRODED 2024-T3 ALUMINUM; HIGH-CYCLE FATIGUE;
   HYDROGEN EMBRITTLEMENT; CONSTITUENT PARTICLES; ENVIRONMENTAL FATIGUE;
   ASSISTED CRACKING; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; LIFE PREDICTION; ALLOY
AB Research on fatigue crack formation from a corroded 7075-T651 surface provides insight into the governing mechanical driving forces at microstructure-scale lengths that are intermediate between safe life and damage tolerant feature sizes. Crack surface marker-bands accurately quantify cycles (N(i)) to form a 10-20 mu m fatigue crack emanating from both an isolated pit perimeter and EXCO corroded surface. The N(i) decreases with increasing-applied stress. Fatigue crack formation involves a complex interaction of elastic stress concentration due to three-dimensional pit macro-topography coupled with local micro-topographic plastic strain concentration, further enhanced by microstructure (particularly sub-surface constituents). These driving force interactions lead to high variability in cycles to form a fatigue crack, but from an engineering perspective, a broadly corroded surface should contain an extreme group of features that are likely to drive the portion of life to form a crack to near 0. At low-applied stresses, crack formation can constitute a significant portion of life, which is predicted by coupling macro-pit and micro-feature elastic-plastic stress/strain concentrations from finite element analysis with empirical low-cycle fatigue life models. The presented experimental results provide a foundation to validate next-generation crack formation models and prognosis methods.
C1 [Burns, J. T.; Larsen, J. M.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate AFRL RX, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Burns, J. T.; Gangloff, R. P.] Univ Virginia, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA.
RP Burns, JT (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate AFRL RX, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM jtb5r@virginia.edu
FU United States Air ForceResearch Laboratory (AFRL); University Corrosion
   Collaboration; Materials and Manufacturing Directorate
FX This research was sponsored by the United States Air ForceResearch
   Laboratory (AFRL), Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, and the
   University Corrosion Collaboration managed by the Office of the
   Under-Secretary of Defense. Drs. John Papazian and Elias Anagnostou of
   Northrop Grumman Corporation provided 7075-T651, as well as Northrop
   Grumman Industry Liaison funding. Professors R. G. Kelly and J.R. Scully
   in the Center for Electrochemical Science and Engineering at the
   University of Virginia guided the controlled pit experiments. Messrs
   Phil Blosser and Mark Ruddell assisted with fatigue experiments at AFRL.
NR 114
TC 30
Z9 30
U1 7
U2 46
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 8756-758X
J9 FATIGUE FRACT ENG M
JI Fatigue Fract. Eng. Mater. Struct.
PD OCT
PY 2011
VL 34
IS 10
BP 745
EP 773
DI 10.1111/j.1460-2695.2011.01568.x
PG 29
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA 820SR
UT WOS:000294926200001
ER

PT J
AU Toglia, C
   Kennedy, F
   Dubowsky, S
AF Toglia, Chiara
   Kennedy, Fred
   Dubowsky, Steven
TI Cooperative control of modular space robots
SO AUTONOMOUS ROBOTS
LA English
DT Article
DE Space robots; Cooperative control; Modularity
AB Modular self-assembling on-orbit robots have the potential to reduce mission costs, increase reliability, and permit on-orbit repair and refueling. Modules with a variety of specialized capabilities would self-assemble from orbiting inventories. The assembled modules would then share resources such as power and sensors. As each free-flying module carries its own attitude control actuators, the assembled system has substantial sensor and actuator redundancy. Sensor redundancy enables sensor fusion that reduces measurement error. Actuator redundancy gives a system greater flexibility in managing its fuel usage. In this paper, the control of self-assembling space robots is explored in simulations and experiments. Control and sensor algorithms are presented that exploit the sensor and actuator redundancy. The algorithms address the control challenges introduced by the dynamic interactions between modules, the distribution of fuel resources among modules, and plume impingement.
C1 [Toglia, Chiara] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Meccan & Aeronaut, I-00184 Rome, Italy.
   [Kennedy, Fred] US Air Force, Washington, DC 20318 USA.
   [Dubowsky, Steven] MIT, Dept Mech Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
RP Toglia, C (reprint author), Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Meccan & Aeronaut, Via Eudossiana 18, I-00184 Rome, Italy.
EM chiara.toglia@uniroma1.it; fred.kennedy@js.pentagon.mil;
   dubowsky@mit.edu
NR 23
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 19
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0929-5593
J9 AUTON ROBOT
JI Auton. Robot.
PD OCT
PY 2011
VL 31
IS 2-3
BP 209
EP 221
DI 10.1007/s10514-011-9238-z
PG 13
WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Robotics
SC Computer Science; Robotics
GA 818WV
UT WOS:000294787500005
ER

PT J
AU Scott-Emuakpor, OE
   George, TJ
   Cross, CJ
   Shen, MHH
AF Scott-Emuakpor, O. E.
   George, T. J.
   Cross, C. J.
   Shen, M. -H. H.
TI Analysis of Strain Energy Behavior Throughout a Fatigue Process
SO EXPERIMENTAL MECHANICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Fatigue; Strain; Energy
AB The dissipation of strain energy density per cycle was analyzed to understand its trend through a fatigue process. The motivation behind this analysis is to improve a fatigue life prediction method, which is based on a strain energy and failure correlation. The correlation states that the same amount of strain energy is dissipated during both monotonic fracture and cyclic fatigue. This means the summation of strain energy density per cycle is equal to the total strain energy density dissipated monotonically. In order to validate this understanding, the strain energy density per cycle was analyzed at several alternating stress levels for fatigue life of Aluminum 6061-T6 (Al 6061-T6) between 10(3) and 10(5) cycles. The analysis includes the following: Alternating between high and low operating frequencies (50x magnitude difference), interruption of cyclic load during testing, and idle/zero-loading intervals of 20-40 minutes in-between cyclic loading sequences. All experimental results show a consistent trend of cyclic softening as the loading cycles approach failure; however, due to an inefficient curve fit procedure of the stress-dependent strain equation at low alternating stresses onto the experimental stress-strain data, a new approach for calculating the strain energy density per cycle is explored and shows promising results.
C1 [Scott-Emuakpor, O. E.; George, T. J.; Cross, C. J.] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Shen, M. -H. H.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
RP Scott-Emuakpor, OE (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM onome.scott-emuakpor@wpafb.af.mil
FU Air Force Research Laboratories (AFRL); Turbine Engine Fatigue Facility
   (TEFF)
FX The authors would like to thank the Air Force Research Laboratories
   (AFRL), specifically the Turbine Engine Fatigue Facility (TEFF), for
   their financial support, facility and equipment access, and
   encouragement of this research.
NR 12
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 5
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0014-4851
J9 EXP MECH
JI Exp. Mech.
PD OCT
PY 2011
VL 51
IS 8
BP 1317
EP 1323
DI 10.1007/s11340-010-9457-9
PG 7
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Materials Science,
   Characterization & Testing
SC Materials Science; Mechanics
GA 819BY
UT WOS:000294801600008
ER

PT J
AU Bandino, JP
   Norton, SA
   Aldrich, SL
   Wisco, OJ
   Hodson, DS
   Murchland, MR
   Grande, DJ
AF Bandino, Justin P.
   Norton, Scott A.
   Aldrich, Shelley L.
   Wisco, Oliver J.
   Hodson, Darryl S.
   Murchland, Michael R.
   Grande, Donald J.
TI Low-grade myxofibrosarcoma presenting at the site of prior high-grade
   disease
SO JOURNAL OF CUTANEOUS PATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE malignant fibrous histiocytoma; myxofibrosarcoma; myxoid sarcoma;
   radiation-induced sarcoma; soft tissue tumor
ID MALIGNANT FIBROUS HISTIOCYTOMA; SOFT-TISSUE SARCOMA; RADIATION-INDUCED
   SARCOMA; SENTINEL NODE BIOPSY; POSTRADIATION SARCOMAS; NEOPLASMS;
   DIAGNOSIS; EXPERIENCE; FEATURES; VARIANT
AB Myxofibrosarcoma is one of the most common soft tissue sarcomas occurring in older adults. It can arise de novo or can be radiation induced, and the term myxofibrosarcoma was originally devised to encompass a spectrum of myxoid tumors with characteristics similar to malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH). Confusion exists, however, regarding the distinction between microscopic grade and characteristics of myxofibrosarcoma and MFH. Correct classification is vital to prognosis, as the degree of myxoid change is inversely related to the incidence of metastasis. We present a case of a 76-year-old man with a history of high-grade MFH of the left lower extremity, status post excision and radiation therapy, who presented 2 years later with a regional metastatic recurrence of high-grade MFH to the left groin as well as new nodules adjacent to and within his prior excision and radiation site. These new nodules were determined to represent low-grade myxofibrosarcoma. These new low-grade lesions either represent a low-grade recurrence of high-grade sarcoma or a new, radiation-induced soft tissue sarcoma occurring at the same site. Radiotherapy, however, is an unlikely cause; specific postradiation sarcoma criteria have not been fulfilled. This article discusses both the nosology and histopathological spectrum of these important soft tissue sarcomas, their aggressive and recurrent nature and their association with radiation therapy.
C1 [Bandino, Justin P.; Aldrich, Shelley L.; Murchland, Michael R.] San Antonio Uniformed Serv Hlth Educ Consortium, San Antonio, TX USA.
   [Norton, Scott A.] Georgetown Univ Hosp, Div Dermatol, Washington, DC 20007 USA.
   [Wisco, Oliver J.; Grande, Donald J.] Myst Valley Dermatol, Boston, MA USA.
   [Hodson, Darryl S.] Skin Surg Ctr, Winston Salem, NC USA.
RP Bandino, JP (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, 2200 Bergquist Dr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
EM tantohg05@live.com
NR 30
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0303-6987
J9 J CUTAN PATHOL
JI J. Cutan. Pathol.
PD OCT
PY 2011
VL 38
IS 10
BP 808
EP 813
DI 10.1111/j.1600-0560.2011.01740.x
PG 6
WC Dermatology; Pathology
SC Dermatology; Pathology
GA 815YX
UT WOS:000294567000009
PM 21752050
ER

PT J
AU Alarcon, GM
AF Alarcon, Gene M.
TI A meta-analysis of burnout with job demands, resources, and attitudes
SO JOURNAL OF VOCATIONAL BEHAVIOR
LA English
DT Article
DE Burnout; Meta-analysis; Emotional labor
ID HEALTH-CARE PROFESSIONALS; WORK-FAMILY CONFLICT; SECONDARY-SCHOOL
   TEACHERS; EMOTIONAL EXHAUSTION; SOCIAL SUPPORT; WELLNESS/HEALTH
   OUTCOMES; TURNOVER INTENTION; ROLE STRESS; PSYCHOLOGICAL BURNOUT;
   QUESTIONNAIRE SURVEY
AB A meta-analysis was conducted on job demands, resources, and attitudes and their relation with burnout in regard to the COR theory. The version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory used was explored as a moderator of the aforementioned variables. Results suggest that higher demands, lower resources, and lower adaptive organizational attitudes are associated with burnout. In particular, results of the current study show stronger relations than previous meta-analysis (Lee & Ashforth, 1996) have suggested. The scale type also provided some evidence of moderation, with stronger effects found in samples that utilized the MBI-HSS. Implications of the findings in relation to the COR theory and future research directions to clarify the relation between job demands, job resources, organizational attitudes and burnout are discussed. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Alarcon, GM (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, 2698 G St,Bldg 190, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM Gene.alarcon.ctr@wpafb.af.mil
NR 260
TC 82
Z9 85
U1 14
U2 139
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0001-8791
J9 J VOCAT BEHAV
JI J. Vocat. Behav.
PD OCT
PY 2011
VL 79
IS 2
BP 549
EP 562
DI 10.1016/j.jvb.2011.03.007
PG 14
WC Psychology, Applied
SC Psychology
GA 818GY
UT WOS:000294741000025
ER

PT J
AU Al-Rjoub, MF
   Roy, AK
   Ganguli, S
   Banerjee, RK
AF Al-Rjoub, Marwan F.
   Roy, Ajit K.
   Ganguli, Sabyasachi
   Banerjee, Rupak K.
TI Assessment of an active-cooling micro-channel heat sink device, using
   electro-osmotic flow
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
LA English
DT Article
DE Electro-osmotic flow; Micro-scale heat exchanger; Hot spot cooling;
   Zeta-potential; EOF
AB Non-uniform heat flux generated by microchips causes "hot spots" in very small areas on the microchip surface. These hot spots are generated by the logic blocks in the microchip bay; however, memory blocks generate lower heat flux on contrast. The goal of this research is to design, fabricate, and test an active cooling micro-channel heat sink device that can operate under atmospheric pressure while achieving high-heat dissipation rate with a reduced chip-backside volume, particularly for spot cooling applications. An experimental setup was assembled and electro-osmotic flow (EOF) was used thus eliminating high pressure pumping system. A flow rate of 82 mu L/min was achieved at 400 V of applied EOF voltage. An increase in the cooling fluid (buffer) temperature of 9.6 degrees C, 29.9 degrees C. 54.3 degrees C, and 80.1 degrees C was achieved for 0.4 W, 1.2 W, 2.1 W, and 4W of heating powers, respectively. The substrate temperature at the middle of the microchannel was below 80.5 degrees C for all input power values. The maximum increase in the cooling fluid temperature due to the joule heating was 4.5 degrees C for 400 V of applied EOF voltage. Numerical calculations of temperatures and flow were conducted and the results were compared to experimental data. Nusselt number (Nu) for the 4W case reached a maximum of 5.48 at the channel entrance and decreased to reach 4.56 for the rest of the channel. Nu number for EOF was about 10% higher when compared to the pressure driven flow. It was found that using a shorter channel length and an EOF voltage in the range of 400-600 V allows application of a heat flux in the order of 10(4) W/m(2), applicable to spot cooling. For elevated voltages, the velocity due to EOF increased, leading to an increase in total heat transfer for a fixed duration of time; however, the joule heating also got elevated with increase in voltage. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Al-Rjoub, Marwan F.; Banerjee, Rupak K.] Univ Cincinnati, Sch Dynam Syst, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA.
   [Roy, Ajit K.; Ganguli, Sabyasachi] USAF, Thermal Sci & Mat Branch AFRL RXBT, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA.
   [Ganguli, Sabyasachi] Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
RP Banerjee, RK (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Sch Dynam Syst, 593 Rhodes Hall, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA.
EM rupak.banerjee@uc.edu
FU Air Force Research Laboratory [F33615-03-D-5408]
FX This work was primarily supported by the Air Force Research Laboratory
   (Grant #F33615-03-D-5408). Case Number: 88ABW-2010-0260.
NR 25
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 9
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0017-9310
J9 INT J HEAT MASS TRAN
JI Int. J. Heat Mass Transf.
PD OCT
PY 2011
VL 54
IS 21-22
BP 4560
EP 4569
DI 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2011.06.022
PG 10
WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics
SC Thermodynamics; Engineering; Mechanics
GA 808OV
UT WOS:000293989200012
ER

PT J
AU Li, S
   Fried, JR
   Sauer, J
   Colebrook, J
   Dudis, DS
AF Li, Shuo
   Fried, J. R.
   Sauer, Jeremy
   Colebrook, John
   Dudis, Douglas S.
TI Computational Chemistry and Molecular Simulations of Phosphoric Acid
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF QUANTUM CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE phosphoric acid; proton transfer; COMPASS; ADMP; fuel cells
ID MATRIX PROPAGATION ADMP; DENSITY-MATRIX; FORCE-FIELD; POLYMER
   ELECTROLYTE; TRANSITION-STATES; GAUSSIAN-ORBITALS; DYNAMICS;
   CONDUCTIVITY; TEMPERATURE; COMPASS
AB Quantum mechanics (QM) calculations, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations using the condensed-phase optimized molecular potentials for atomistic simulation studies (COMPASS) force field, and the atom-centered density matrix propagation (ADMP) approach have been used to investigate properties of phosphoric acid (PA). QM using B3LYP/6-31++G(d,p) density functional theory were used to calculate gas-phase proton affinities and interaction energies of PA and its derivatives. Detailed single coordinate driving, followed by quadratic synchronous transit optimization was used to determine energy barriers for different proton transfer (PT) pathways. Determined energy barrier heights in ascending order are (unit: kJ/mol): H(3)O(+)-> H(3)PO(4) (0); H(4)P(2)O(7)-> H(3)PO(4) (2.61); H(3)PO(4)-> H(2)PO(4)(-) (5.31); H(4)PO(4)(+)-> H(3)PO(4) (similar to 7.33); H(3)PO(4)-> H(4)P(2)O(7)/H(3)PO(4)-> H(3)PO(4) (15.99); H(4)P(2)O(7)-> H(2)O (28.61); H(3)PO(4)-> H(2)O (47.14). The COMPASS force field was used to study condensed-phase properties of PA. Good agreement between experimental data and MD results including density, radial distribution functions, and self-diffusion coefficient at different temperatures provides validation of the COMPASS force field for PA. Finally, preliminary ADMP studies on a cluster of three PA molecules shows that the ADMP approach can reasonably describe the PT and self-dissociation processes in PA. (C) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem 111: 3212-3229, 2011
C1 [Li, Shuo; Fried, J. R.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Chem & Mat Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA.
   [Sauer, Jeremy] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Chem Engn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
   [Colebrook, John] Bucknell Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Lewisburg, PA 17837 USA.
   [Dudis, Douglas S.] USAF, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Fried, JR (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Dept Chem & Mat Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA.
EM joel.fried@uc.edu
OI Li, Shuo/0000-0002-0998-2149
FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [0139438, 0647677]; American Chemical
   Society
FX Contract grant sponsor: National Science Foundation (NSF).; Contract
   grant numbers: EEC Awards #0139438, #0647677.; The authors thank Ohio
   Supercomputer Center for allocation of computing time. Acknowledgment is
   made to the donors of the American Chemical Society Petroleum Research
   Fund for partial support of this research.
NR 44
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 4
U2 24
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0020-7608
J9 INT J QUANTUM CHEM
JI Int. J. Quantum Chem.
PD OCT
PY 2011
VL 111
IS 12
BP 3212
EP 3229
DI 10.1002/qua.22702
PG 18
WC Chemistry, Physical; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications;
   Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Mathematics; Physics
GA 789NP
UT WOS:000292522600048
ER

PT J
AU Lair, AV
AF Lair, Alan V.
TI Entire large solutions to semilinear elliptic systems
SO JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICAL ANALYSIS AND APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Elliptic system; Semilinear system; Large solution
ID LARGE POSITIVE SOLUTIONS; EXISTENCE
AB We consider the problem of existence of positive solutions to the elliptic system Delta u = P(vertical bar x vertical bar)v(alpha). Delta v = q(vertical bar x vertical bar)u(beta) on R(n) (n >= 3) which satisfies lim(vertical bar x vertical bar ->infinity) u(x) = lim(vertical bar x vertical bar ->infinity) v(x) = infinity. The parameters alpha and beta are positive, and the nonnegative functions p and q are continuous and min{p(r), q(r)} does not have compact support. We show that if alpha beta <= 1, then such a solution exists if and only if the functions p and q satisfy
   integral(infinity)(0)tp(t)(t(2-n) integral(t)(0) s(n-3)Q(s) ds)(alpha) dt = infinity,
   integral(infinity)(0)tq(t)(t(2-n) integral(t)(0) s(n-3)P(s) ds)(beta) dt = infinity
   with P(r) = integral(r)(0) tau p(tau)d tau and Q(r) = integral(r)(0) tau q(tau)d tau. For alpha beta > 1, we show that a solution exists if either of the above conditions fails to hold: i.e., one of the integrals is finite. These extend all known results for the given system. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Math & Stat, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Lair, AV (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Math & Stat, 2950 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM Alan.Lair@afit.edu
NR 7
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 1
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0022-247X
J9 J MATH ANAL APPL
JI J. Math. Anal. Appl.
PD OCT 1
PY 2011
VL 382
IS 1
BP 324
EP 333
DI 10.1016/j.jmaa.2011.04.051
PG 10
WC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics
SC Mathematics
GA 771WV
UT WOS:000291192300028
ER

PT J
AU Smith, AM
   Uskov, DB
   Ying, LH
   Kaplan, L
AF Smith, A. Matthew
   Uskov, D. B.
   Ying, L. H.
   Kaplan, L.
TI Imperfect linear-optical photonic gates with number-resolving
   photodetection
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID QUANTUM COMPUTATION
AB We use the numerical optimization techniques of Uskov et al. [Phys. Rev. A 81, 012303 (2010)] to investigate the behavior of the success rates for Knill-Laflamme-Milburn-style [Knill et al., Nature (London) 409, 46 (2001)] two- and three-qubit entangling gates. The methods are first demonstrated at perfect fidelity and then extended to imperfect gates. We find that as the perfect fidelity condition is relaxed, the maximum attainable success rates increase in a predictable fashion depending on the size of the system, and we compare that rate of increase for several gates.
C1 [Smith, A. Matthew; Uskov, D. B.; Ying, L. H.; Kaplan, L.] Tulane Univ, Dept Phys & Engn Phys, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA.
   [Smith, A. Matthew] Informat Directorate, AF Res Lab, Rome, NY 13440 USA.
   [Uskov, D. B.] Univ Brescia, Dept Math & Nat Sci, Owensboro, KY 42301 USA.
RP Smith, AM (reprint author), Tulane Univ, Dept Phys & Engn Phys, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA.
FU NSF [PHY-1005709, PHY-0545390, PHY-0551164]; US National Research
   Council at the Air Force Research Lab, Information Directorate
FX We thank A. Gilchrist, J. Vala, and M. M. Wilde for very helpful
   discussions. This work was supported in part by the NSF under Grant Nos.
   PHY-1005709, PHY-0545390, and PHY-0551164 and by the US National
   Research Council at the Air Force Research Lab, Information Directorate.
NR 21
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD SEP 29
PY 2011
VL 84
IS 3
AR 032341
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.84.032341
PG 7
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 826QW
UT WOS:000295369900006
ER

PT J
AU Wang, M
   Nalla, V
   Jeon, S
   Mamidala, V
   Ji, W
   Tan, LS
   Cooper, T
   Chiang, LY
AF Wang, Min
   Nalla, Venkatram
   Jeon, Seaho
   Mamidala, Venkatesh
   Ji, Wei
   Tan, Loon-Seng
   Cooper, Thomas
   Chiang, Long Y.
TI Large Femtosecond Two-Photon Absorption Cross Sections of Fullerosome
   Vesicle Nanostructures Derived from a Highly Photoresponsive Amphiphilic
   C-60-Light-Harvesting Fluorene Dyad
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
LA English
DT Article
ID OPTICAL-LIMITING PROPERTIES; C-60-DIPHENYLAMINOFLUORENE DYAD; NONLINEAR
   ABSORPTION; ENERGY-TRANSFER; C-60; DIPHENYLAMINOFLUORENE; ENHANCEMENT;
   DERIVATIVES; WATER
AB We demonstrated ultrafast femtosecond nonlinear optical (NLO) absorption characteristics of bilayered fullerosome vesicle nanostructures derived from molecular self-assembly of amphiphilic oligo(ethylene glycolated) C-60-(light-harvesting diphenylarninofluorene antenna). Fullerene conjugates were designed to enhance photoresponse in a femtosecond time scale by applying an isomerizable periconjugation linker between the C-60 cage and a diphenylaminofluorene antenna subunit in an intramolecular contact distance of only <3.0 angstrom. Morphology of C-60(>DPAF-EG(12)C(1))-based fullero some nanovesicles in H2O was characterized to consist of a bilayered shell with a sphere diameter of 20-70 nm and a chromophore shell width of 9.0-10 nm, fitting well with a head-to-head packing configuration of the molecular length. At the estimated effective nanovesicle concentration as low as 5.5 x 10(-8) MV (molecular molar concentration of 5.0 x 10(-4) M) in H2O, two-photon absorption (2PA) phenomena were found to be the dominating photophysical events showing a large molar concentration-insensitive 2PA cross-section value equivalent to 8500 GM in a form of nanovesicles, on average. The observed NLO characteristics led to a sharp trend of efficient light-transmittance intensity reduction at the input laser intensity above 100 GW/cm(2).
C1 [Nalla, Venkatram; Mamidala, Venkatesh; Ji, Wei] Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Phys, Singapore 117542, Singapore.
   [Wang, Min; Jeon, Seaho; Chiang, Long Y.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Chem, Lowell, MA 01854 USA.
   [Wang, Min; Jeon, Seaho; Chiang, Long Y.] Univ Massachusetts, Inst Nanosci & Engn Technol, Lowell, MA 01854 USA.
   [Tan, Loon-Seng; Cooper, Thomas] USAF, Res Lab, AFRL RXBN, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
RP Ji, W (reprint author), Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Phys, 2 Sci Dr 3, Singapore 117542, Singapore.
EM phyjiwei@nus.edu.sg; long_chiang@uml.edu
RI Mamidala, Venkatesh/G-3289-2010; Nalla, Venkatram/A-2139-2009; JI,
   WEI/H-5795-2015; Tan, Loon-Seng/F-6985-2012
OI Nalla, Venkatram/0000-0003-4535-290X; JI, WEI/0000-0003-0303-0830; Tan,
   Loon-Seng/0000-0002-2134-9290
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) [FA9550-09-1-0380,
   FA9550-09-1-0183]; National Institute of Health (NIH) [1R01CA137108];
   National University of Singapore [R-144-000-213-112]
FX The authors at UML thank the financial support of Air Force Office of
   Scientific Research (AFOSR) under the grant number FA9550-09-1-0380 and
   FA9550-09-1-0183 and National Institute of Health (NIH) under the grant
   number 1R01CA137108. The authors are also grateful to the financial
   support from the National University of Singapore under the research
   Grant number R-144-000-213-112.
NR 29
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 18
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1932-7447
J9 J PHYS CHEM C
JI J. Phys. Chem. C
PD SEP 29
PY 2011
VL 115
IS 38
BP 18552
EP 18559
DI 10.1021/jp207047k
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science,
   Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 822ON
UT WOS:000295058100020
PM 22022620
ER

PT J
AU Dalton, MJ
   Kannan, R
   Haley, JE
   He, GS
   McLean, DG
   Cooper, TM
   Prasad, PN
   Tan, LS
AF Dalton, Matthew J.
   Kannan, Ramamurthi
   Haley, Joy E.
   He, Guang S.
   McLean, Daniel G.
   Cooper, Thomas M.
   Prasad, Paras N.
   Tan, Loon-Seng
TI Aromatic Polyimides Containing Main-Chain
   Diphenylaminofluorene-Benzothiazole Motif: Fluorescence Quenching,
   Two-Photon Properties, and Exciplex Formation in a Solid State
SO MACROMOLECULES
LA English
DT Article
ID 3RD-ORDER OPTICAL NONLINEARITIES; GLASS-TRANSITION TEMPERATURE;
   FLUORENE-BASED CHROMOPHORES; ABSORPTION CROSS-SECTIONS; SURFACE-PLASMON;
   SIDE-CHAIN; GAS SEPARATION; ORGANIC CHROMOPHORES; 3-PHOTON ABSORPTION;
   EXCITATION DYNAMICS
AB A new bis(4-aminophenoxy) monomer containing a two-photon absorbing (2PA) and fluorescent diphenylaminodiethylfluorene-benzothiazole chromophore (AF240) was synthesized and used as a comonomer in preparing a series of heat-resistant, 2PA-active polyimides. Highly organo-soluble, these polymers easily formed optically clear, but nonfluorescent, films that contained covalently bound, AF240-like dye in concentrations up to similar to 1.0 M. For comparison purposes, a model compound (AF349) with phthalimido end-caps was also prepared. From the fluorescence data, the presence of phthalimido moieties in both the model compound and the polymers drastically quenched the fluorescence emission from the 2PA moieties of these materials in solution as well as in solid state. Their intrinsic (at 780 nm and with 160 fs pulses) and effective (at 800 nm and 8 ns pulses) two-photon properties in THF solutions (0.02 M), and film samples (40-65 mu m thick) were determined by a direct nonlinear transmission technique. Thus, their intrinsic (sigma((2))(fs)) and effective cross-section (sigma((2))(ns)) values in solution are 7.7-37 and 1070-6000 GM rer repeat unit, respectively. Surprisingly for the film samples, while the sigma((2))(fs) values agree with those determined in solutions, the sigma((2))(ns) values are 7-9 times larger, depending on the dye content. On the basis of the results of photophysical characterization of these polymers, we propose that on a nanosecond or slower time scale a stabilized/confined excited state complex is formed in an intrachain mode between an AF240-like moiety and a phthalimido unit to reasonably account for the fluorescence quenching and enhancement in the effective two-photon responses in film form.
C1 [Dalton, Matthew J.; Kannan, Ramamurthi; Haley, Joy E.; McLean, Daniel G.; Cooper, Thomas M.; Tan, Loon-Seng] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, AFRL RX, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Dalton, Matthew J.] Gen Dynam Informat Technol, Dayton, OH 45431 USA.
   [Kannan, Ramamurthi] AT&T Govt Solut Inc, Fairborn, OH 45324 USA.
   [He, Guang S.; Prasad, Paras N.] SUNY Buffalo, Inst Lasers Photon & Biophoton, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.
   [McLean, Daniel G.] Sci Applicat Int Corp, Beavercreek, OH 45431 USA.
RP Tan, LS (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, AFRL RX, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM loon-seng.tan@wpafb.af.mil
RI Tan, Loon-Seng/F-6985-2012
OI Tan, Loon-Seng/0000-0002-2134-9290
FU Materials & Manufacturing Directorate & Office of Scientific Research
   (AFOSR), Air Force Research Laboratory
FX We thank Marlene Houtz (University of Dayton Research Institute) for TGA
   and DSC data. Funding support was provided by Materials & Manufacturing
   Directorate & Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR), Air Force Research
   Laboratory.
NR 112
TC 9
Z9 10
U1 4
U2 30
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0024-9297
J9 MACROMOLECULES
JI Macromolecules
PD SEP 27
PY 2011
VL 44
IS 18
BP 7194
EP 7206
DI 10.1021/ma201407g
PG 13
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 822OQ
UT WOS:000295058400017
ER

PT J
AU Beier, HT
   Noojin, GD
   Rockwell, BA
AF Beier, Hope T.
   Noojin, Gary D.
   Rockwell, Benjamin A.
TI Stimulated Raman scattering using a single femtosecond oscillator with
   flexibility for imaging and spectral applications
SO OPTICS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
ID HIGH-SENSITIVITY; CARS MICROSCOPY; SPECTROSCOPY; EXTRACTION; RESOLUTION
AB Stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) is a powerful tool for obtaining background-free chemical information about a material without extrinsic labeling. Background-free spectra are particularly important in the fingerprint region (similar to 800 and 1800 cm(-1)) where peaks are narrow, closely-spaced, and may be in abundance for a particular chemical. We demonstrate a method for obtaining SRS spectra using a single femtosecond laser oscillator. A photonic crystal fiber is used to create a supercontinuum to provide a range of Stokes shifts from similar to 300 to 3400 cm(-1). This SRS approach provides for collection capabilities that are easily modified between obtaining broadband spectra and single-frequency images. (C) 2011 Optical Society of America
C1 [Beier, Hope T.; Rockwell, Benjamin A.] USAF, Res Lab, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA.
   [Noojin, Gary D.] TASC Inc, San Antonio, TX 78228 USA.
RP Beier, HT (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, 4141 Petr Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA.
EM hopebeier@gmail.com
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research, Air Force Research
   Laboratory/Human Performance Wing; AFRL [FA8650-08-D-6930]
FX This research was performed while Hope Beier held an Air Force Office of
   Scientific Research sponsored National Research Council Research
   Associateship Award at the Air Force Research Laboratory/Human
   Performance Wing. Contract support was provided under AFRL contract
   number FA8650-08-D-6930. The authors would like to thank David
   Stolarski, Robert Thomas, Bennett Ibey, and the reviewers for their
   helpful comments regarding the manuscript.
NR 23
TC 28
Z9 28
U1 3
U2 19
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1094-4087
J9 OPT EXPRESS
JI Opt. Express
PD SEP 26
PY 2011
VL 19
IS 20
BP 18885
EP 18892
DI 10.1364/OE.19.018885
PG 8
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 826SC
UT WOS:000295373800014
PM 21996830
ER

PT J
AU Su, YJ
   Retterer, JM
   Pfaff, RF
   Roddy, PA
   de La Beaujardiere, O
   Ballenthin, JO
AF Su, Y. -J.
   Retterer, J. M.
   Pfaff, R. F.
   Roddy, P. A.
   de La Beaujardiere, O.
   Ballenthin, J. O.
TI Assimilative modeling of observed postmidnight equatorial plasma
   depletions in June 2008
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID LOW-LATITUDE; IONOSPHERE; JICAMARCA; MISSION
AB The Communications/Navigation Outage Forecasting System (C/NOFS) satellite observed large-scale density depletions at postmidnight and early morning local times in the Northern Hemisphere summer during solar minimum conditions. Using electric field data obtained from the vector electric field instrument (VEFI) as input, the assimilative physics-based model (PBMOD) qualitatively reproduced more than 70% of the large-scale density depletions observed by the Planar Langmuir Probe (PLP) onboard C/NOFS. In contrast, the use of a climatological specification of plasma drifts in the model produces no plasma depletions at night. Results from a one-month statistical study, we found that the large-scale depletion structures most often occur near longitudes of 60 degrees, 140 degrees, and 330 degrees, suggesting that these depletions may be associated with nonmigrating atmospheric tides, although the generation mechanisms of eastward electric fields at postmidnight local times are still uncertain. In this paper, densities obtained from both assimilation and climatology for the entire month of June 2008 are compared with PLP data from C/NOFS and the Challenging Minisatellite Payload (CHAMP), as well as special sensor ionospheric plasma drift/scintillation meter (SSIES) measurements from the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) satellites. Our statistical study has shown that, on average, the densities obtained by the PBMOD when it assimilates VEFI electric fields agree better with observed background densities than when PBMOD uses climatological electric fields.
C1 [Su, Y. -J.] USAF, RVBXP, Space Vehicles Directorate, Res Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA.
   [Retterer, J. M.] USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Hanscom AFB, MA USA.
   [Pfaff, R. F.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Su, YJ (reprint author), USAF, RVBXP, Space Vehicles Directorate, Res Lab, BEL Bldg 570,3671 Aberdeen Ave SE, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA.
EM Yi-Jiun.Su@kirtland.af.mil
RI Pfaff, Robert/F-5703-2012
OI Pfaff, Robert/0000-0002-4881-9715
FU Air Force Research Laboratory; Department of Defense; NASA [NNH09AK051];
   Naval Research Laboratory; Aerospace Corporation
FX The C/NOFS mission is supported by the Air Force Research Laboratory,
   the Department of Defense Space Test Program, NASA, the Naval Research
   Laboratory, and The Aerospace Corporation. The first author thanks
   Gordon Wilson for providing DMSP data, Louise Gentile for useful
   conversation regarding CIR events, Han-Li Liu at NCAR for providing
   references on nonmigrating tides, and Ron Caton for proofreading the
   manuscript. We also thank the referees for their positive comments and
   helpful questions. This research task was supported in part by the NASA
   grant NNH09AK051 to AFRL.
NR 34
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 6
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0148-0227
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD SEP 22
PY 2011
VL 116
AR A09318
DI 10.1029/2011JA016772
PG 11
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 825HL
UT WOS:000295262000003
ER

PT J
AU Kim, SN
   Kuang, ZF
   Slocik, JM
   Jones, SE
   Cui, Y
   Farmer, BL
   McAlpine, MC
   Naik, RR
AF Kim, Sang N.
   Kuang, Zhifeng
   Slocik, Joseph M.
   Jones, Sharon E.
   Cui, Yue
   Farmer, Barry L.
   McAlpine, Michael C.
   Naik, Rajesh R.
TI Preferential Binding of Peptides to Graphene Edges and Planes
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID CARBON NANOTUBES; FUNCTIONALIZATION; TRANSISTORS; SHAPE
AB Peptides identified from combinatorial peptide libraries have been shown to bind to a variety of abiotic surfaces. Biotic abiotic interactions can be exploited to create hybrid materials with interesting electronic, optical, or catalytic properties. Here we show that peptides identified from a combinatorial phage display peptide library assemble preferentially to the edge or planar surface of graphene and can affect the electronic properties of graphene. Molecular dynamics simulations and experiments provide insight into the mechanism of peptide binding to the graphene edge.
C1 [Kim, Sang N.; Kuang, Zhifeng; Slocik, Joseph M.; Jones, Sharon E.; Farmer, Barry L.; Naik, Rajesh R.] USAF, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Cui, Yue; McAlpine, Michael C.] Princeton Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
RP Naik, RR (reprint author), USAF, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM rajesh.naik@wapfb.af.mil
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-09-1-0096]
FX R.R.N. acknowledges funding support from the Air Force Office of
   Scientific Research. B.L.F. acknowledges the Materials and Manufacturing
   Directorate. M.C.M. acknowledges support of this work by the Air Force
   Office of Scientific Research via a Young Investigator Grant
   (FA9550-09-1-0096). We thank Laurie Wissler for providing technical
   assistance.
NR 22
TC 88
Z9 89
U1 10
U2 116
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0002-7863
J9 J AM CHEM SOC
JI J. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 21
PY 2011
VL 133
IS 37
BP 14480
EP 14483
DI 10.1021/ja2042832
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 823SZ
UT WOS:000295148100004
PM 21861527
ER

PT J
AU DeWitt, MJ
   Edwards, T
   Shafer, L
   Brooks, D
   Striebich, R
   Bagley, SP
   Wornat, MJ
AF DeWitt, Matthew J.
   Edwards, Tim
   Shafer, Linda
   Brooks, David
   Striebich, Richard
   Bagley, Sean P.
   Wornat, Mary J.
TI Effect of Aviation Fuel Type on Pyrolytic Reactivity and Deposition
   Propensity under Supercritical Conditions
SO INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; PRESSURE THERMAL-CRACKING; COKE
   FORMATION; JET FUEL; SOLID DEPOSITS; REACTION-MECHANISMS; N-HEXADECANE;
   CARBONACEOUS SOLIDS; ELEVATED PRESSURES; HYDROGEN DONORS
AB Development of reusable liquid-hydrocarbon-fueled hypersonic vehicles requires improved understanding of the effect of chemical composition on the controlling reaction chemistry and deposition propensity as the fuel is used to cool the system. In this effort, supercritical pyrolytic stressing studies were performed using two petroleum-derived fuels and a Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (SPK) comprised predominantly of normal and branched paraffins. All fuels decomposed via free radical pathways with high yields of unsaturates and lower molecular weight products consistent with pyrolysis at high pressures and moderate temperatures. However, the SPK was significantly more reactive than the petroleum-derived fuels due to a lack of efficient hydrogen donors that act to terminate chain reactions (higher net propagation rate). High-pressure liquid chromatography was used to identify and quantify polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in the stressed fuels, conclusively determining that these are produced during thermal stressing. A notable observation was the presence of PAH during SPK stressing, as the neat fuel did not contain cyclic precursors for growth to PAH. During stressing with stainless-steel tubing, the formation of filamentous deposits via metal-catalyzed reactions of stressed fuel components with reactor surfaces was observed for all fuels studied. However, the SPK fuel exhibited a much higher pyrolytic deposition rate, which was attributed to higher lateral growth rates of surface filaments via noncatalytic free radical addition pathways. The PAR formed during SPK stressing are indicators of the highly reactive intermediates prone to participating in the surface coke addition pathways. Studies blending benzene with the SPK indicated that low PAH solubility in the paraffinic fuel is not the dominant cause for the high deposition propensity. Testing with the petroleum-derived fuels showed that metal sulfide filament formation can occur under endothermic conditions, and higher fuel sulfur content can increase carbon deposition propensity. Studies with surface passivated tubing (Silcosteel) suppressed filamentous carbon formation and rendered a substantial reduction in SPK deposition to levels similar to the petroleum-derived fuels. Overall, these studies provided guidance regarding the controlling chemistry during supercritical pyrolysis of current and potential synthetic hydrocarbon fuels and insight into prevalent deposition pathways.
C1 [DeWitt, Matthew J.; Shafer, Linda; Brooks, David; Striebich, Richard] Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
   [Edwards, Tim] USAF, Res Lab, Fuels Branch AFRL RZPF, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Bagley, Sean P.; Wornat, Mary J.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
RP DeWitt, MJ (reprint author), Univ Dayton, Res Inst, 300 Coll Pk, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
EM matthew.dewitt@wpafb.af.mil
FU Air Force Research Laboratory [F33615-03-2-2347]
FX We thank Chris Klenke of AFRL/RZTM for performing the SEM/EDS analyses
   which significantly assisted in interpreting the results of this study.
   Zachary West, Steven Zabarnick, and Theodore Williams of UDRI are
   acknowledged for assistance with CFD calculations and useful
   discussions. The reviewers are thanked for their insightful comments and
   input which resulted in a manuscript of improved overall quality. This
   material is based on research sponsored by Air Force Research Laboratory
   under agreement F33615-03-2-2347. The U.S. Government is authorized to
   reproduce and distribute reprints for Governmental purposes
   notwithstanding any copyright notation thereon. The views and
   conclusions contained herein are those of the authors and should not be
   interpreted as necessarily representing the official policies or
   endorsements, either expressed or implied, of the Air Force Research
   Laboratory or the U.S. Government.
NR 78
TC 28
Z9 28
U1 3
U2 50
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0888-5885
J9 IND ENG CHEM RES
JI Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.
PD SEP 21
PY 2011
VL 50
IS 18
BP 10434
EP 10451
DI 10.1021/ie200257b
PG 18
WC Engineering, Chemical
SC Engineering
GA 818XW
UT WOS:000294791000007
ER

PT J
AU Boglione, L
   Webster, RT
AF Boglione, L.
   Webster, R. T.
TI Unifying interpretation of reflection coefficient and Smith chart
   definitions
SO IET MICROWAVES ANTENNAS & PROPAGATION
LA English
DT Article
ID CHARACTERISTIC IMPEDANCE; POWER; WAVE
AB This study develops a unifying theory that defines a single transformation from the impedance Z to the reflection coefficient Gamma plane independently of the impedance normalisation in use; and the real or complex nature of the characteristic impedance Z(0). The study starts off from the Kurokawa's definition of reflection coefficient to discuss the required steps to map Z into Gamma and highlights the differences that exist between Kurokawa's and the standard Gamma definition. As a logical consequence of the previous discussion, a new definition of reflection coefficient is proposed and validated: the apparent differences stemming from either the standard or Kurokawa's definition of reflection coefficient Gamma are easily interpreted as particular cases of the proposed transformation. In the process, the study's unifying definition of reflection coefficient allows and facilitates one consistent interpretation of the Smith chart among the possible Gamma definitions, including Kurokawa's. Experimental data supporting the study's conclusions are also presented.
C1 [Boglione, L.] Solid State Sci Corp, Hanscom Afb, MA 01731 USA.
   [Webster, R. T.] USAF, Res Lab, Hanscom Afb, MA 01731 USA.
RP Boglione, L (reprint author), Solid State Sci Corp, 80 Scott Dr, Hanscom Afb, MA 01731 USA.
EM l.boglione@ieee.org
FU RYHA branch in the Sensor Directorate of the Air Force Research
   Laboratory
FX The authors would like to thank the RYHA branch in the Sensor
   Directorate of the Air Force Research Laboratory for its support.
NR 26
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 5
PU INST ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY-IET
PI HERTFORD
PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD SG1 2AY, ENGLAND
SN 1751-8725
EI 1751-8733
J9 IET MICROW ANTENNA P
JI IET Microw. Antennas Propag.
PD SEP 16
PY 2011
VL 5
IS 12
BP 1479
EP 1487
DI 10.1049/iet-map.2011.0129
PG 9
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA 827CI
UT WOS:000295403300012
ER

PT J
AU Seletskiy, DV
   Hasselbeck, MP
   Cederberg, JG
   Katzenmeyer, A
   Toimil-Molares, ME
   Leonard, F
   Talin, AA
   Sheik-Bahae, M
AF Seletskiy, Denis V.
   Hasselbeck, Michael P.
   Cederberg, Jeffrey G.
   Katzenmeyer, Aaron
   Toimil-Molares, Maria E.
   Leonard, Francois
   Talin, A. Alec
   Sheik-Bahae, Mansoor
TI Efficient terahertz emission from InAs nanowires
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID GAAS; GENERATION; TRANSPORT; MECHANISM; PLASMA; SEMICONDUCTORS;
   OSCILLATIONS; MICROSCOPY; RADIATION; DYNAMICS
AB We observe intense pulses of far-infrared electromagnetic radiation emitted from arrays of InAs nanowires. The terahertz radiation power efficiency of these structures is similar to 15 times higher than a planar InAs substrate. This is explained by the preferential orientation of coherent plasma motion to the wire surface, which overcomes radiation trapping by total-internal reflection. We present evidence that this radiation originates from a low-energy acoustic surface plasmon mode of the nanowire. This is supported by independent measurements of electronic transport on individual nanowires, ultrafast terahertz spectroscopy, and theoretical analysis. Our combined experiments and analysis further indicate that these plasmon modes are specific to high aspect ratio geometries.
C1 [Seletskiy, Denis V.; Hasselbeck, Michael P.; Sheik-Bahae, Mansoor] Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
   [Cederberg, Jeffrey G.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
   [Katzenmeyer, Aaron; Toimil-Molares, Maria E.; Leonard, Francois; Talin, A. Alec] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
   [Seletskiy, Denis V.] USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA.
RP Seletskiy, DV (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
EM dvsunm@gmail.com
RI Seletskiy, Denis/G-5523-2011; Seletskiy, Denis/C-1372-2011;
   Toimil-Molares, Maria Eugenia/C-5946-2015; Katzenmeyer,
   Aaron/F-7961-2014
OI Seletskiy, Denis/0000-0003-3480-4595; Seletskiy,
   Denis/0000-0003-3480-4595; Katzenmeyer, Aaron/0000-0002-5755-8537
FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency [DTRA01-03-D-0009-0026]; National
   Science Foundation [0722622-MRI]; US Department of Energy
   [DE-AC04-94-AL85000]; Air Force Research Laboratory
FX D.V.S. acknowledges useful discussions with Dr. J. N. Heyman. Partial
   support is provided by Defense Threat Reduction Agency Grant No.
   DTRA01-03-D-0009-0026 and National Science Foundation Grant No.
   0722622-MRI. Work performed in part at the US Department of Energy
   Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory,
   and Sandia National Laboratories. Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory
   operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the US
   Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC04-94-AL85000. Research in
   part was performed while D.V.S. held a National Research Council
   Research Associateship Award at the Air Force Research Laboratory.
NR 56
TC 43
Z9 45
U1 0
U2 31
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD SEP 16
PY 2011
VL 84
IS 11
AR 115421
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.84.115421
PG 7
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 821XB
UT WOS:000295006600005
ER

PT J
AU Rincon, RA
   Lau, C
   Luckarift, HR
   Garcia, KE
   Adkins, E
   Johnson, GR
   Atanassov, P
AF Rincon, Rosalba A.
   Lau, Carolin
   Luckarift, Heather R.
   Garcia, Kristen E.
   Adkins, Emily
   Johnson, Glenn R.
   Atanassov, Plamen
TI Enzymatic fuel cells: Integrating flow-through anode and air-breathing
   cathode into a membrane-less biofuel cell design
SO BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Biofuel cell; Flow-through; Air-breathing cathode; NAD(+)-dependent
   enzyme; Poly-methylene green; Membrane-less
ID DIRECT ELECTRON-TRANSFER; WIRED LACCASE CATHODE; TRAMETES-VERSICOLOR;
   BILIRUBIN OXIDASE; ELECTROREDUCTION; O-2; WATER; SCAFFOLDS; PROTEINS
AB One of the key goals of enzymatic biofuel cells research has been the development of a fully enzymatic biofuel cell that operates under a continuous flow-through regime. Here, we present our work on achieving this task. Two NAD(+)-dependent dehydrogenase enzymes; malate dehydrogenase (MDH) and alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) were independently coupled with poly-methylene green (poly-MG) catalyst for biofuel cell anode fabrication. A fungal laccase that catalyzes oxygen reduction via direct electron transfer (DET) was used as an air-breathing cathode. This completes a fully enzymatic biofuel cell that operates in a flow-through mode of fuel supply polarized against an air-breathing bio-cathode. The combined, enzymatic, MDH-Iaccase biofuel cell operated with an open circuit voltage (OCV) of 0.584 V, whereas the ADH-laccase biofuel cell sustained an OCV of 0.618 V. Maximum volumetric power densities approaching 20 mu W cm(-3) are reported, and characterization criteria that will aid in future optimization are discussed. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Rincon, Rosalba A.; Lau, Carolin; Garcia, Kristen E.; Adkins, Emily; Atanassov, Plamen] Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem & Nucl Engn, Ctr Emerging Energy Technol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
   [Luckarift, Heather R.; Johnson, Glenn R.] USAF, Microbiol & Appl Biochem AFRL RXQL, Res Lab, Tyndall AFB, FL 32403 USA.
   [Luckarift, Heather R.] Universal Technol Corp, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
RP Atanassov, P (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem & Nucl Engn, Ctr Emerging Energy Technol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
EM plamen@unm.edu
RI Atanassov, Plamen/G-4616-2011
NR 33
TC 61
Z9 61
U1 2
U2 74
PU ELSEVIER ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY
PI OXFORD
PA OXFORD FULFILLMENT CENTRE THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON,
   OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0956-5663
J9 BIOSENS BIOELECTRON
JI Biosens. Bioelectron.
PD SEP 15
PY 2011
VL 27
IS 1
BP 132
EP 136
DI 10.1016/j.bios.2011.06.029
PG 5
WC Biophysics; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry, Analytical;
   Electrochemistry; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
SC Biophysics; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry;
   Electrochemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 834IP
UT WOS:000295953300021
PM 21775124
ER

PT J
AU Yan, L
   Shao, M
   Wang, H
   Dudis, D
   Urbas, A
   Hu, B
AF Yan, Liang
   Shao, Ming
   Wang, Hsin
   Dudis, Douglas
   Urbas, Augustine
   Hu, Bin
TI High Seebeck Effects from Hybrid Metal/Polymer/Metal Thin-Film Devices
SO ADVANCED MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID POLYANILINE ORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR; THERMOELECTRIC-POWER;
   ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY; POLYPYRROLE; TRANSPORT;
   PERFORMANCE; POLYACETYLENE; COEFFICIENT; DERIVATIVES
AB The multi-layer metal/polymer/metal thin-film structure allows charge conduction but limits thermal conduction. The charge conduction is supported by Ohmic interfacial charge transfer and doped bulk transport. The thermal conduction is limited by polymer low thermal conductivity, acoustic mismatch, interfacial phonon scattering. As a result, the metal/polymer/metal thin-film devices can demonstrate significant Seebeck effect.
C1 [Yan, Liang; Shao, Ming; Hu, Bin] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
   [Wang, Hsin] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
   [Dudis, Douglas; Urbas, Augustine] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Hu, B (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
EM bhu@utk.edu
RI Yan, Liang/H-6471-2011; Shao, Ming/A-6240-2013; Hu, Bin/A-2954-2015;
   Wang, Hsin/A-1942-2013
OI Yan, Liang/0000-0003-4122-7466; Hu, Bin/0000-0002-1573-7625; Wang,
   Hsin/0000-0003-2426-9867
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-11-1-0082]; Center for
   Materials Processing, and Sustainable Energy Education and Research
   Center at the University of Tennessee
FX We acknowledge the support from Air Force Office of Scientific Research
   (FA9550-11-1-0082) to the thermoelectric studies. The authors also thank
   Center for Materials Processing, and Sustainable Energy Education and
   Research Center at the University of Tennessee for partial support to
   this work.
NR 40
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 3
U2 95
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0935-9648
J9 ADV MATER
JI Adv. Mater.
PD SEP 15
PY 2011
VL 23
IS 35
BP 4120
EP +
DI 10.1002/adma.201101634
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
   Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
   Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
   Physics
GA 824UP
UT WOS:000295228000019
PM 21809396
ER

PT J
AU Shuman, NS
   Miller, TM
   Viggiano, AA
   Troe, J
AF Shuman, Nicholas S.
   Miller, Thomas M.
   Viggiano, Albert A.
   Troe, Juergen
TI Electron attachment to POCl3. II. Dependence of the attachment rate
   coefficients on gas and electron temperature
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Electron attachment
ID LANGMUIR PROBE TECHNIQUE; ENERGY; COLLISIONS; MOLECULES; C-60
AB Rate coefficients for attachment of electrons to POCl3 have been measured in two FALP (flowing-afterglow Langmuir-probe) apparatuses, extending the temperature range of earlier experiments. The results for equal gas and electron temperatures are compared with data for independently varied temperatures. An analysis of the rate coefficients in terms of electron-polar target capture theory leads to empirical electron-phonon coupling factors which are markedly smaller than unity. These factors depend on the electron energy but do not seem to depend on the gas temperature, which is in contrast to observations made for the electron attachment to SF6. Besides s-wave attachment, contributions from higher partial waves are analyzed and suggested to contribute to some extent. Attachment cross sections and specific rate constants for electron autodetachment are finally constructed in a way which is consistent with the experimental attachment rate coefficients. Autodetachment is shown to be negligible compared to dissociation of POCl3- which is analyzed in a subsequent publication. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Troe, Juergen] Univ Gottingen, Inst Phys Chem, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany.
   [Shuman, Nicholas S.; Miller, Thomas M.; Viggiano, Albert A.] USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Hanscom AFB, Bedford, MA 01731 USA.
   [Troe, Juergen] Max Planck Inst Biophys Chem, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany.
RP Troe, J (reprint author), Univ Gottingen, Inst Phys Chem, Tammannstr 6, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany.
EM afrl.rvb.pa@hanscom.af.mil; shoff@gwdg.de
FU United States Air Force Office of Scientific Research [2303EP]; European
   Office of Aerospace Research and Development [FA8655-10-1-3057];
   Institute for Scientific Research of Boston College [FA8718-10-C-0002]
FX This article is dedicated to Prof. Tino Gaumann from the Institut de
   Chimie-Physique of the Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne at the
   occasion of his 80th birthday. J.T. thanks him for life-long support and
   encouragement. Numerous discussions of this work with E.E. Nikitin and
   help by I. Litvin (Appendix A) and A. Maergoiz are gratefully
   acknowledged. The project was funded by the United States Air Force
   Office of Scientific Research under Project 2303EP. Financial support by
   the European Office of Aerospace Research and Development (Grant Award
   No. FA8655-10-1-3057) is also gratefully acknowledged. T.M.M. is under
   contract (FA8718-10-C-0002) from the Institute for Scientific Research
   of Boston College.
NR 26
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1387-3806
J9 INT J MASS SPECTROM
JI Int. J. Mass Spectrom.
PD SEP 15
PY 2011
VL 306
IS 2-3
SI SI
BP 123
EP 128
DI 10.1016/j.ijms.2010.09.026
PG 6
WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy
SC Physics; Spectroscopy
GA 826JU
UT WOS:000295351200006
ER

PT J
AU Popov, AA
   Jeon, S
   Senyavin, VM
   Dunsch, L
   Maragani, S
   Wang, M
   Tan, LS
   Chiang, LY
AF Popov, Alexey A.
   Jeon, Seaho
   Senyavin, Vladimir M.
   Dunsch, Lothar
   Maragani, Satyanarayana
   Wang, Min
   Tan, Loon-Seng
   Chiang, Long Y.
TI Unique Ultralow 18 pi-Trannulenyl HOMO-LUMO Energy Gap of Photostable
   Emerald-Green D-3d-2-Methylmalonato[60]fullerenes
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID CHLORIDES; RING
AB We observed the lowest HOMO-LUMO energy transition estimated to be only 1.06 eV for the full-cage-shaped emerald-green fullerene EF-6MC(41). This energy value was derived from the intercept of characteristic double-absorption bands at 1014 (1.23 eV) and 1084 nm (1.14 eV) in the NIR spectrum and the first fluorescence emission band centered at 1278 nm (0.97 eV).
C1 [Popov, Alexey A.; Senyavin, Vladimir M.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Dept Chem, Moscow 119992, Russia.
   [Jeon, Seaho; Maragani, Satyanarayana; Wang, Min; Chiang, Long Y.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Chem, Inst Nanosci & Engn Technol, Lowell, MA 01854 USA.
   [Popov, Alexey A.; Dunsch, Lothar] IFW Dresden, Leibniz Inst Solid State & Mat Res, D-01069 Dresden, Germany.
   [Tan, Loon-Seng] USAF, AFRL RXBN, Res Lab, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
RP Popov, AA (reprint author), Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Dept Chem, Moscow 119992, Russia.
EM a.popov@ifw-dresden.de; Long_Chiang@uml.edu
RI Popov, Alexey/A-9937-2011; Tan, Loon-Seng/F-6985-2012
OI Popov, Alexey/0000-0002-7596-0378; Tan, Loon-Seng/0000-0002-2134-9290
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) [FA9550-09-1-0380,
   FA9550-09-1-0183]
FX The authors at UML thank the financial support of Air Force Office of
   Scientific Research (AFOSR) under the grant numbers FA9550-09-1-0380 and
   FA9550-09-1-0183. Computer time on "Chebyshev-SKIF" supercomputer in
   Moscow State University is gratefully acknowledged.
NR 15
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 9
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1948-7185
J9 J PHYS CHEM LETT
JI J. Phys. Chem. Lett.
PD SEP 15
PY 2011
VL 2
IS 18
BP 2296
EP 2299
DI 10.1021/jz200978f
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science,
   Multidisciplinary; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
   Physics
GA 822OR
UT WOS:000295058500005
ER

PT J
AU Wu, Y
   Zhang, ZL
   Adams, SF
AF Wu, Yue
   Zhang, Zhili
   Adams, Steven F.
TI O-2 rotational temperature measurements by coherent microwave scattering
   from REMPI
SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE; FIELD MEASUREMENTS; MOLECULES; AIR
AB This Letter reports non-intrusive local rotational temperature measurements of molecular oxygen, based on coherent microwave scattering (Radar) from Resonance Enhanced Multi-Photon Ionization (REMPI) in air and in pure oxygen with subsequent analysis of the rotational state distribution. Rotationally resolved 2 + 1 REMPI spectra of molecular oxygen (C-3 Pi (v = 2) <- X-3 Sigma (v' = 0)) at different temperatures have been obtained by Radar REMPI. Rotational temperatures have been determined from the Boltzmann plots of various experiments. The overall measurements have an accuracy of similar to 60 degrees C in the pure oxygen and similar to 50 degrees C in the room air, with experiments conducted up to 500 degrees C. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Wu, Yue; Zhang, Zhili] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
   [Adams, Steven F.] USAF, Res Lab, AFRL RZPE, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Zhang, ZL (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, 202 Dougherty Engn Bldg,1512 Middle Dr, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
EM zzhang24@utk.edu
RI Zhang, Zhili/F-1305-2010
OI Zhang, Zhili/0000-0002-0831-0471
FU NSF [CBET-1032523]; Air Force Office of Scientific Research
FX This work is being supported by NSF CBET-1032523 and Air Force Office of
   Scientific Research.
NR 19
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 5
U2 18
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0009-2614
J9 CHEM PHYS LETT
JI Chem. Phys. Lett.
PD SEP 15
PY 2011
VL 513
IS 4-6
BP 191
EP 194
DI 10.1016/j.cplett.2011.07.092
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 814XW
UT WOS:000294491500006
ER

PT J
AU Konkova, T
   Mironov, S
   Korznikov, A
   Semiatin, SL
AF Konkova, T.
   Mironov, S.
   Korznikov, A.
   Semiatin, S. L.
TI On the room-temperature annealing of cryogenically rolled copper
SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES
   MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
LA English
DT Article
DE Thermomechanical processing; EBSD; Non-ferrous alloys; Recrystallization
ID ELECTRON BACKSCATTER DIFFRACTION; RECRYSTALLIZED COPPER; FCC METALS;
   DEFORMATION; MICROSTRUCTURE; FRACTION; TEXTURE; ALLOYS; CU
AB The electron-backscatter-diffraction (EBSD) technique was applied to investigate room-temperature annealing processes in cryogenically rolled copper during long-term (similar to 1.5 years) storage at ambient temperature. Static recrystallization appeared to be nucleated as result of both grain-boundary bulging and recovery. A bimodal recrystallized grain size distribution appeared to be a result of these two competing mechanisms. The ultra-fine grain copper produced via cryogenic deformation was deduced to be prone to abnormal grain growth after long static storage at room-temperature. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Mironov, S.] Tohoku Univ, Dept Mat Proc, Grad Sch Engn, Sendai, Miyagi 9808579, Japan.
   [Konkova, T.; Mironov, S.; Korznikov, A.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Met Superplast Problems, Ufa 450001, Russia.
   [Semiatin, S. L.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, AFRL RXLM, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Mironov, S (reprint author), Tohoku Univ, Dept Mat Proc, Grad Sch Engn, 6-6-02 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi 9808579, Japan.
EM S-72@mail.ru
RI Korznikov, Alexander/F-1473-2014; SEMIATIN, SHELDON/E-7264-2017
NR 22
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 1
U2 21
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0921-5093
EI 1873-4936
J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT
JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process.
PD SEP 15
PY 2011
VL 528
IS 24
BP 7432
EP 7443
DI 10.1016/j.msea.2011.06.047
PG 12
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
   Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy &
   Metallurgical Engineering
GA 809YF
UT WOS:000294091900043
ER

PT J
AU Lee, J
   Varshney, V
   Roy, AK
   Farmer, BL
AF Lee, Jonghoon
   Varshney, Vikas
   Roy, Ajit K.
   Farmer, Barry L.
TI Single mode phonon energy transmission in functionalized carbon
   nanotubes
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID FORCE-FIELD; CHEMICAL FUNCTIONALIZATION; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; THERMAL
   TRANSPORT
AB Although the carbon nanotube (CNT) features superior thermal properties in its pristine form, the chemical functionalization often required for many applications of CNT inevitably degrades the structural integrity and affects the transport of energy carriers. In this article, the effect of the side wall functionalization on the phonon energy transmission along the symmetry axis of CNT is studied using the phonon wave packet method. Three different functional groups are studied: methyl (-CH(3)), vinyl (-C(2)H(3)), and carboxyl (-COOH). We find that, near Gamma point of the Bril-louin zone, acoustic phonons show ideal transmission, while the transmission of the optical phonons is strongly suppressed. A positive correlation between the energy transmission coefficient and the phonon group velocity is observed for both acoustic and optical phonon modes. On comparing the transmission due to functional groups with equivalent point mass defects on CNT, we find that the chemistry of the functional group, rather than its molecular mass, has a dominant role in determining phonon scattering, hence the transmission, at the defect sites. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3633514]
C1 [Lee, Jonghoon; Varshney, Vikas; Roy, Ajit K.] USAF, Thermal Sci & Mat Branch, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Lee, Jonghoon; Varshney, Vikas] Universal Technol Corp, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
RP Lee, J (reprint author), USAF, Thermal Sci & Mat Branch, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM jonghoon.lee@wpafb.af.mil
FU (U.S.) Air Force Office of Scientific Research (USAFOSR)
FX This article is benefited from the insightful discussions with Professor
   Simon Phillpot and Professor Tim Fisher. Authors are grateful to Dr.
   Byung-Lip (Les) Lee and (U.S.) Air Force Office of Scientific Research
   (USAFOSR) for the financial support. Authors also thank the Air Force
   Research Laboratory DoD Supercomputing Resource Centre for the
   Computational resources provided.
NR 20
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 12
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
   MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD SEP 14
PY 2011
VL 135
IS 10
AR 104109
DI 10.1063/1.3633514
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 835JJ
UT WOS:000296032400012
PM 21932878
ER

PT J
AU Prince, BD
   Chiu, YH
AF Prince, Benjamin D.
   Chiu, Yu-Hui
TI Luminescence measurements of Xe+ + N-2 and Xe2+ + N-2 hyperthermal
   charge transfer collisions
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID STATE-TO-STATE; CHARGE-TRANSFER-REACTIONS; CROSS-SECTIONS;
   VIBRATIONAL-EXCITATION; MOLECULE COLLISIONS; ENERGY; IONS; N-2;
   DYNAMICS; NITROGEN
AB Luminescence spectra are recorded for collisions between Xe+/Xe2+ and molecular nitrogen at energies ranging from 4.5 to 316 eV in the center-of-mass frame. In the Xe+ + N-2 collision system, evidence for luminescent charge-transfer products is only found through Xe I emission lines. The most intense features of the luminescence spectra are attributed to atomic N emissions observed above similar to 20 eV. Intense N-2(+) A (2)Pi(u) - X (2)Sigma(+)(g) and B (2)Sigma(+)(u) - X (2)Sigma(+)(g) radiance is observed from Xe2+ + N-2 collisions. The B state formation cross section decreases with collision energy until 20 eV, after which it becomes independent of impact energy with an approximate value of 3 angstrom(2). The cross section for N-1(+) A (nu > 0) formation increases with energy until 20 eV, after which it remains nearly constant at similar to 1 angstrom(2). The N-2(+) product vibrational distributions extracted from the spectra are non-Franck-Condon for both electronic product states at low collision energies. The distributions resemble a Franck-Condon distribution at the highest energies investigated in this work. [doi:10.1063/1.3629453]
C1 [Prince, Benjamin D.; Chiu, Yu-Hui] USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorates, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
RP Prince, BD (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorates, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
EM ychiu@busek.com
FU National Research Council; AFOSR [2303ES02]
FX The authors are indebted to Dr. Rainer Dressler for very helpful
   discussions. B. D. Prince acknowledged the support of the National
   Research Council research program. This work is supported by AFOSR
   through task 2303ES02 (Program Manager: Michael Berman).
NR 40
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
   MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD SEP 14
PY 2011
VL 135
IS 10
AR 104308
DI 10.1063/1.3629453
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 835JJ
UT WOS:000296032400028
PM 21932894
ER

PT J
AU Jiao, CQ
   Adams, SF
AF Jiao, C. Q.
   Adams, S. F.
TI Electron ionization of selected cyclohexanes
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS B-ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND OPTICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID RESONANCE MASS-SPECTROMETRY; TOTAL CROSS-SECTIONS; IMPACT IONIZATION;
   SURROGATE MIXTURES; MODEL; COMBUSTION; EXCITATION; THRESHOLD; MOLECULES;
   IGNITION
AB Absolute cross sections for electron ionization of cyclohexane (C(6)H(12)) and ethylcyclohexane (C(8)H(16)) are measured as functions of the electron energy in a range of 10-200 eV. Combined with earlier measurements on methylcyclohexane (C(7)H(14)), a comparison of the electron ionization of these three molecules is made. The total cross sections are very similar among the three molecules at low electron energies (below similar to 25 eV). A trend of increasing maximum total cross section and its corresponding electron energy with the molecular size is observed. For dissociative ionization, loss of a C(2)H(4) from the ring is a common fragmentation feature for these molecules. In the case of C(6)H(12), which has no side chain, the C(2)H(4) loss resulting in C(4)H(8)(+) is the most important fragmentation channel throughout the energy range studied. In the cases of C(7)H(14) and C(8)H(16), loss of the side chain plus an additional H atom forming C(6)H(10)(+) is the most abundant channel at low energies. Loss of the side chain alone forming C(6)H(11)(+) prevails at elevated energies. At further elevated energies, additional loss of C(2)H(4) from C(6)H(11)(+) to form C(4)H(7)(+) becomes the dominant channel.
C1 [Jiao, C. Q.] UES Inc, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
   [Adams, S. F.] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Jiao, CQ (reprint author), UES Inc, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
EM charles.jiao@wpafb.af.mil; steven.adams@wpafb.af.mil
FU Air Force Research Laboratory, Propulsion Directorate; Air Force Office
   of Scientific Research
FX The authors thank the Air Force Research Laboratory, Propulsion
   Directorate and the Air Force Office of Scientific Research for their
   support.
NR 36
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 5
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0953-4075
J9 J PHYS B-AT MOL OPT
JI J. Phys. B-At. Mol. Opt. Phys.
PD SEP 14
PY 2011
VL 44
IS 17
AR 175209
DI 10.1088/0953-4075/44/17/175209
PG 7
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 820FR
UT WOS:000294891500017
ER

PT J
AU Seletskiy, DV
   Melgaard, SD
   Epstein, RI
   Di Lieto, A
   Tonelli, M
   Sheik-Bahae, M
AF Seletskiy, Denis V.
   Melgaard, Seth D.
   Epstein, Richard I.
   Di Lieto, Alberto
   Tonelli, Mauro
   Sheik-Bahae, Mansoor
TI Local laser cooling of Yb:YLF to 110 K
SO OPTICS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
ID OPTICAL REFRIGERATION; YB3+-DOPED GLASS; LUMINESCENCE; TEMPERATURE;
   SOLIDS
AB Minimum achievable temperature of similar to 110 K is measured in a 5% doped Yb:YLF crystal at lambda = 1020 nm, corresponding to E4-E5 resonance of Stark manifold. This measurement is in excellent agreement with the laser cooling model and was made possible by employing a novel and sensitive implementation of differential luminescence thermometry using balanced photo-detectors. (C) 2011 Optical Society of America
C1 [Seletskiy, Denis V.; Melgaard, Seth D.; Epstein, Richard I.; Sheik-Bahae, Mansoor] Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
   [Di Lieto, Alberto; Tonelli, Mauro] Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis, CNR, DNEST Ist Nanosci, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.
   [Seletskiy, Denis V.] USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA.
RP Seletskiy, DV (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, 1919 Lomas Blvd NE,MSC074220, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
EM d.seletskiy@gmail.com
RI Seletskiy, Denis/G-5523-2011; Seletskiy, Denis/C-1372-2011; 
OI Seletskiy, Denis/0000-0003-3480-4595; Seletskiy,
   Denis/0000-0003-3480-4595; Epstein, Richard/0000-0002-3929-4363
FU AFOSR Multi-University Research Initiative [FA9550-04-1-0356]; DARPA;
   National Research Council at Air Force Research Laboratory
FX We thank Dr. Markus Hehlen for useful discussions. We also thank Mr.
   Chengao Wang for GaAs sample preparation and Dr. Michael Hasselbeck for
   his assistance with LabView software. This work was supported by an
   AFOSR Multi-University Research Initiative Grant No. FA9550-04-1-0356
   entitled Consortium for Laser Cooling in Solids, and a DARPA seedling
   grant. Research in part was performed while DVS held a National Research
   Council Research Associateship Award at Air Force Research Laboratory.
NR 28
TC 36
Z9 36
U1 2
U2 23
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1094-4087
J9 OPT EXPRESS
JI Opt. Express
PD SEP 12
PY 2011
VL 19
IS 19
BP 18229
EP 18236
DI 10.1364/OE.19.018229
PG 8
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 818UL
UT WOS:000294781200053
PM 21935189
ER

PT J
AU Pitz, GA
   Fox, CD
   Perram, GP
AF Pitz, Greg A.
   Fox, Charles D.
   Perram, Glen P.
TI Transfer between the cesium 6(2)P(1/2) and 6(2)P(3/2) levels induced by
   collisions with H-2, HD, D-2, CH4, C2H6, CF4, and C2F6
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID EXCITED ALKALI ATOMS; SENSITIZED FLUORESCENCE; INELASTIC-COLLISIONS;
   EXCITATION TRANSFER; ENERGY TRANSFER; CROSS-SECTIONS; VAPOR LASER;
   MOLECULES; RUBIDIUM; METALS
AB The cross sections of spin-orbit energy exchange between the cesium 6(2)P(1/2) <-> 6(2)P(3/2) states induced by collisions with N-2, H-2, HD, D-2, CH4, C2H6, CF4, and C2F6 were obtained for pressures less than 100 Torr at room temperature by means of steady-state laser-induced fluorescence techniques. The spin-orbit energy exchange rate with N-2, H-2, HD, D-2, CH4, C2H6, CF4, and C2F6, have been measured as sigma(21)(6(2)P(3/2) <-> 6(2)P(1/2)) = 16.3, 34.1, 30.0, 22.7, 21.4, 65.6, 64.8, and 137 angstrom(2) and sigma(12)(6(2)P(1/2) <-> 6(2)P(3/2)) = 1.8, 4.4, 4.1, 3.0, 2.9, 13.3, 9.7, and 16.3 angstrom(2), respectively. Correlations of the spin-orbit transfer probabilities with rotational-energy defect and vibrational-energy defect have been shown.
C1 [Pitz, Greg A.] USAF, Directed Energy Directorate, Res Labs, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA.
   [Fox, Charles D.; Perram, Glen P.] USAF, Dept Engn Phys, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Pitz, GA (reprint author), USAF, Directed Energy Directorate, Res Labs, 3550 Aberdeen Ave SE, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA.
EM afrl.rdlc.sci.org@kirtland.af.mil; glen.perram@afit.edu
OI Perram, Glen/0000-0002-4417-3929
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research; High Energy Laser Joint
   Technology Office
FX Support for this work from the Air Force Office of Scientific Research
   and the High Energy Laser Joint Technology Office is gratefully
   acknowledged. In addition, I would like to thank Matt Lange and Doug
   Wertepny for their help with the preliminary work on this project.
NR 18
TC 18
Z9 19
U1 1
U2 11
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9926
EI 2469-9934
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD SEP 12
PY 2011
VL 84
IS 3
AR 032708
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.84.032708
PG 6
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 818RH
UT WOS:000294772000006
ER

PT J
AU Look, DC
   Leedy, KD
   Vines, L
   Svensson, BG
   Zubiaga, A
   Tuomisto, F
   Doutt, DR
   Brillson, LJ
AF Look, D. C.
   Leedy, K. D.
   Vines, L.
   Svensson, B. G.
   Zubiaga, A.
   Tuomisto, F.
   Doutt, D. R.
   Brillson, L. J.
TI Self-compensation in semiconductors: The Zn vacancy in Ga-doped ZnO
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID CRYSTALS; OXIDE
AB Self-compensation, the tendency of a crystal to lower its energy by forming point defects to counter the effects of a dopant, is here quantitatively proven. Based on a new theoretical formalism and several different experimental techniques, we demonstrate that the addition of 1.4 x 10(21)-cm(-3) Ga donors in ZnO causes the lattice to form 1.7 x 10(20)-cm(-3) Zn-vacancy acceptors. The calculated V(Zn) formation energy of 0.2 eV is consistent with predictions from density functional theory. Our formalism is of general validity and can be used to investigate self-compensation in any degenerate semiconductor material.
C1 [Look, D. C.] Wright State Univ, Semicond Res Ctr, Dayton, OH 45435 USA.
   [Leedy, K. D.] USAF, Res Lab, Sensors Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Vines, L.; Svensson, B. G.] Univ Oslo, Dept Phys, N-0316 Oslo, Norway.
   [Zubiaga, A.; Tuomisto, F.] Aalto Univ, Dept Appl Phys, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland.
   [Doutt, D. R.; Brillson, L. J.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
RP Look, DC (reprint author), Wright State Univ, Semicond Res Ctr, Dayton, OH 45435 USA.
EM david.look@wright.edu
RI Zubiaga, Asier/H-4188-2011; Tuomisto, Filip/B-8189-2008
OI Zubiaga, Asier/0000-0001-6603-9336; Tuomisto, Filip/0000-0002-6913-5654
FU Sensors Directorate of the Air Force Research Laboratory; AFOSR
   [FA9550-10-1-0079]; NSF [DMR0803276]; Norwegian Research Council;
   Academy of Finland
FX We wish to thank T. A. Cooper for the Hall effect measurements and B.
   Claflin for helpful discussions. Support was provided by the Sensors
   Directorate of the Air Force Research Laboratory, AFOSR Grant
   FA9550-10-1-0079, NSF Grant DMR0803276, the Norwegian Research Council
   (Nanomat program), and the Academy of Finland.
NR 26
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U1 12
U2 55
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD SEP 12
PY 2011
VL 84
IS 11
AR 115202
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.84.115202
PG 6
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 818SW
UT WOS:000294776700004
ER

PT J
AU Rao, R
   Tishler, D
   Katoch, J
   Ishigami, M
AF Rao, Rahul
   Tishler, Derek
   Katoch, Jyoti
   Ishigami, Masa
TI Multiphonon Raman scattering in graphene
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID CARBON NANOTUBES; GRAPHITE; SPECTRUM; SINGLE
AB We report on multiphonon Raman scattering in graphene samples. Higher-order combination modes involving three and four phonons are observed in single-layer, bilayer, and few-layer graphene samples prepared by mechanical exfoliation. The intensity of the higher-order phonon modes (relative to the G peak) is highest in single-layer graphene and decreases with increasing layers. In addition, all higher-order modes are observed to upshift in frequency almost linearly with increasing graphene layers, betraying the underlying interlayer van der Waals interactions.
C1 [Rao, Rahul] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 43433 USA.
   [Tishler, Derek; Katoch, Jyoti; Ishigami, Masa] Univ Cent Florida, Dept Phys, Orlando, FL 32816 USA.
   [Tishler, Derek; Katoch, Jyoti; Ishigami, Masa] Univ Cent Florida, Nanosci Technol Ctr, Orlando, FL 32816 USA.
RP Rao, R (reprint author), Honda Res Inst, 1381 Kinnear Rd, Columbus, OH 43212 USA.
EM rrao@honda-ri.com
OI Rao, Rahul/0000-0002-6415-0185; Katoch, Jyoti/0000-0002-3678-1780
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research; National Research Council;
   National Science Foundation [0955625]
FX R.R. is grateful for funding from the Air Force Office of Scientific
   Research and the National Research Council associateship program and
   thanks Humberto Gutierrez for assistance with part of the Raman
   spectroscopy measurements. D.T., J.K., and M.I. are supported by the
   National Science Foundation under Grant No. 0955625.
NR 25
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 2
U2 21
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD SEP 12
PY 2011
VL 84
IS 11
AR 113406
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.84.113406
PG 4
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 818SW
UT WOS:000294776700002
ER

PT J
AU Bazzan, G
   Deneault, JR
   Kang, TS
   Taylor, BE
   Durstock, MF
AF Bazzan, Giorgio
   Deneault, James R.
   Kang, Tae-Sik
   Taylor, Barney E.
   Durstock, Michael F.
TI Nanoparticle/Dye Interface Optimization in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells
SO ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID NANOCRYSTALLINE TIO2 FILMS; (2,2'-BIPYRIDYL-4,4'-DICARBOXYLIC
   ACID)RUTHENIUM(II) COMPLEXES; CHARGE-TRANSFER; HIGH-EFFICIENCY; N719
   SENSITIZER; ADSORPTION; SPECTROSCOPY; TITANIA; RECOMBINATION;
   ELECTROLYTE
AB A critical component in the development of highly efficient dye-sensitized solar cells is the interface between the ruthenium bipyridyl complex dye and the surface of the mesoporous titanium dioxide film. In spite of many studies aimed at examining the detailed anchoring mechanism of the dye on the titania surface, there is as yet no commonly accepted understanding. Furthermore, it is generally believed that a single monolayer of strongly attached molecules is required in order to maximize the efficiency of electron injection into the semiconductor. In this study, the amount of adsorbed dye on the mesoporous film is maximised, which in turn increases the light absorption and decreases carrier recombination, resulting in improved device performance. A process that increases the surface concentration of the dye molecules adsorbed on the TiO2 surface by up to 20% is developed. This process is based on partial desorption of the dye after the initial adsorption, followed by readsorption. This desorption/adsorption cycling process can be repeated multiple times and yields a continual increase in dye uptake, up to a saturation limit. The effect on device performance is directly related and a 23% increase in power conversion efficiency is observed. Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, and electrochemical impedance analysis were used to elucidate the fundamental mechanisms behind this observation.
C1 [Bazzan, Giorgio; Durstock, Michael F.] USAF, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Deneault, James R.; Kang, Tae-Sik; Taylor, Barney E.] Universal Technol Corp, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
RP Bazzan, G (reprint author), USAF, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM michael.durstock@wpafb.af.mil
FU Air Force Research Laboratory's (AFRL) Materials and Manufacturing
   Directorate; Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)
FX This work was sponsored by the Air Force Research Laboratory's (AFRL)
   Materials and Manufacturing Directorate and the Air Force Office of
   Scientific Research (AFOSR).
NR 45
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 1
U2 36
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1616-301X
J9 ADV FUNCT MATER
JI Adv. Funct. Mater.
PD SEP 9
PY 2011
VL 21
IS 17
BP 3268
EP 3274
DI 10.1002/adfm.201100595
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
   Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
   Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
   Physics
GA 824EE
UT WOS:000295184400008
ER

PT J
AU Carter, JL
   Drachuk, I
   Harbaugh, S
   Kelley-Loughnane, N
   Stone, M
   Tsukruk, VV
AF Carter, Jessica L.
   Drachuk, Irina
   Harbaugh, Svetlana
   Kelley-Loughnane, Nancy
   Stone, Morley
   Tsukruk, Vladimir V.
TI Truly Nonionic Polymer Shells for the Encapsulation of Living Cells
SO MACROMOLECULAR BIOSCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE atomic force microscopy (AFM); biological applications of polymers; cell
   encapsulation; layer-by-layer assembly; polymer membranes
ID SOL-GEL ENCAPSULATION; TANNIC-ACID; POLYELECTROLYTE MULTILAYERS;
   BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS; ALGINATE HYDROGELS; ULTRATHIN FILMS;
   THIN-FILMS; LAYER; CAPSULES; SURFACES
AB Engineering surfaces of living cells with natural or synthetic compounds can mediate intercellular communication and provide a protective barrier from hostile agents. We report on truly nonionic hydrogen-bonded LbL coatings for cell surface engineering. These ultrathin, highly permeable polymer membranes are constructed on living cells without the cationic component typically employed to increase the stability of LbL coatings. Without the cytotoxic cationic PEI pre-layer, the viability of encapsulated cells drastically increases to 94%, in contrast to 20% viability in electrostatically-bonded LbL shells. Moreover, the long-term growth of encapsulated cells is not affected, thus facilitating efficient function of protected cells in hostile environment.
C1 [Carter, Jessica L.; Drachuk, Irina; Tsukruk, Vladimir V.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
   [Harbaugh, Svetlana; Kelley-Loughnane, Nancy; Stone, Morley] USAF, Res Lab, Directorate Human Effectiveness, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
RP Tsukruk, VV (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
EM vladimir@mse.gatech.edu
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-08-1-0446,
   FA9550-09-1-0162]
FX This work was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research
   FA9550-08-1-0446 and FA9550-09-1-0162 grants. The authors acknowledge
   Dr. Olga Shchepelina and Dr. Veronika Kozlovskaya for useful discussions
   and assistance.
NR 86
TC 26
Z9 26
U1 2
U2 40
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1616-5187
J9 MACROMOL BIOSCI
JI Macromol. Biosci.
PD SEP 9
PY 2011
VL 11
IS 9
BP 1244
EP 1253
DI 10.1002/mabi.201100129
PG 10
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Materials Science, Biomaterials;
   Polymer Science
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Materials Science; Polymer Science
GA 821OV
UT WOS:000294985200012
PM 21728238
ER

PT J
AU Munoz, JA
   Lucas, MS
   Delaire, O
   Winterrose, ML
   Mauger, L
   Li, CW
   Sheets, AO
   Stone, MB
   Abernathy, DL
   Xiao, YM
   Chow, P
   Fultz, B
AF Munoz, J. A.
   Lucas, M. S.
   Delaire, O.
   Winterrose, M. L.
   Mauger, L.
   Li, Chen W.
   Sheets, A. O.
   Stone, M. B.
   Abernathy, D. L.
   Xiao, Yuming
   Chow, Paul
   Fultz, B.
TI Positive Vibrational Entropy of Chemical Ordering in FeV
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; DISORDERED NI3AL;
   BASIS-SET; THERMODYNAMICS; ALLOYS; METALS
AB Inelastic neutron scattering and nuclear resonant inelastic x-ray scattering were used to measure phonon spectra of FeV as a B2 ordered compound and as a bcc solid solution. The two data sets were combined to give an accurate phonon density of states, and the phonon partial densities of states for V and Fe atoms. Contrary to the behavior of ordering alloys studied to date, the phonons in the B2 ordered phase are softer than in the solid solution. Ordering increases the vibrational entropy by +0.22 +/- 0.03k(B)/atom, which stabilizes the ordered phase to higher temperatures. First-principles calculations show that the number of electronic states at the Fermi level increases upon ordering, enhancing the screening between ions, and reducing the interatomic force constants. The effect of screening is larger at the V atomic sites than at the Fe atomic sites.
C1 [Munoz, J. A.; Winterrose, M. L.; Mauger, L.; Li, Chen W.; Fultz, B.] CALTECH, WM Keck Lab 138 78, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
   [Lucas, M. S.; Delaire, O.; Stone, M. B.; Abernathy, D. L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
   [Lucas, M. S.; Sheets, A. O.] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Xiao, Yuming; Chow, Paul] Carnegie Inst Washington, Geophys Lab, HPCAT, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Munoz, JA (reprint author), CALTECH, WM Keck Lab 138 78, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RI Munoz, Jorge/C-8427-2011; BL18, ARCS/A-3000-2012; Stone,
   Matthew/G-3275-2011; Abernathy, Douglas/A-3038-2012; Li,
   Chen/D-1542-2010
OI Stone, Matthew/0000-0001-7884-9715; Abernathy,
   Douglas/0000-0002-3533-003X; Li, Chen/0000-0002-0758-5334
FU Department of Energy [DE-FG02-03ER46055]; Scientific User Facilities
   Division and by the Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering,
   Office of Basic Energy Sciences, DOE; DOE-NNSA; DOE-BES
   [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; NSF [DMR-0520547]
FX We thank M. Loguillo for technical support on the ARCS instrument. This
   work was supported by the Department of Energy through the Basic Energy
   Sciences Grant DE-FG02-03ER46055. The portions of this work conducted at
   Oak Ridge National Laboratory were supported by the Scientific User
   Facilities Division and by the Division of Materials Sciences and
   Engineering, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, DOE. Portions of this work
   were performed at HPCAT (Sector 16), Advanced Photon Source (APS),
   Argonne National Laboratory. HPCAT is supported by CIW, CDAC, UNLV and
   LLNL through funding from DOE-NNSA, DOE-BES and NSF. APS is supported by
   DOE-BES, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. This work benefited from
   DANSE software developed under NSF Grant No. DMR-0520547.
NR 36
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 2
U2 18
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD SEP 8
PY 2011
VL 107
IS 11
AR 115501
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.107.115501
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 818VF
UT WOS:000294783200021
PM 22026683
ER

PT J
AU Cusumano, SJ
   Fiorino, ST
   Bartell, RJ
   Krizo, MJ
   Bailey, WF
   Beauchamp, RL
   Marciniak, MA
AF Cusumano, Salvatore J.
   Fiorino, Steven T.
   Bartell, Richard J.
   Krizo, Matthew J.
   Bailey, William F.
   Beauchamp, Rebecca L.
   Marciniak, Michael A.
TI Modeling bistatic spectral measurements of temporally evolving reflected
   and emitted energy from a distant and receding target
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
DE bistatic; multispectral; path radiance; aerosol extinction;
   bidirectional reflectivity distribution function; correlated
   climatology; remote sensing
AB The Air Force Institute of Technology's Center for Directed Energy developed the High Energy Laser End-to-End Operational Simulation (HELEEOS) model in part to quantify the performance variability in laser propagation created by the natural environment during dynamic engagements. As such, HELEEOS includes a fast-calculating, first principles, worldwide surface-to-100 km, atmospheric propagation, and characterization package. This package enables the creation of profiles of temperature, pressure, water vapor content, optical turbulence, atmospheric particulates, and hydrometeors as they relate to line-by-line layer transmission, path, and background radiance at wavelengths from the ultraviolet to radio frequencies. In the current paper an example of a unique high fidelity simulation of a bistatic, time-varying five band multispectral remote observation of energy delivered on a distant and receding test object is presented for noncloudy conditions with aerosols. The multispectral example emphasizes atmospheric effects using HELEEOS, the interaction of the energy and the test object, the observed reflectance, and subsequent hot spot generated. A model of a sensor suite located on the surface is included to collect the diffuse reflected in-band laser radiation and the emitted radiance of the hot spot in four separate and spatially offset midwave infrared and longwave infrared bands. Particular care is taken in modeling the bidirectional reflectance distribution function of the delivered energy/target interaction to account for both the coupling of energy into the test object and the changes in reflectance as a function of temperature. The architecture supports any platform-target-observer geometry, geographic location, season, and time of day, and it provides for correct contributions of the sky-earth background. The simulation accurately models the thermal response, kinetics, turbulence, base disturbance, diffraction, and signal-to-noise ratios. (C) 2011 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). [DOI:10.1117/1.3626025]
C1 [Cusumano, Salvatore J.; Fiorino, Steven T.; Bartell, Richard J.; Krizo, Matthew J.; Bailey, William F.; Beauchamp, Rebecca L.; Marciniak, Michael A.] USAF, Inst Technol, Ctr Directed Energy, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Fiorino, ST (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, Ctr Directed Energy, 2950 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM steven.fiorino@afit.edu
FU Directed Energy Test and Evaluation Capability; High Energy Laser Joint
   Technology Office
FX The authors wish to acknowledge the support of the Directed Energy Test
   and Evaluation Capability, notably Dr. Larry McKee, and the sponsorship
   of the High Energy Laser Joint Technology Office which allowed the
   development of the HELEEOS model. The views expressed in this paper are
   those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy
   or position of the Air Force, the Department of Defense or the U.S.
   Government.
NR 13
TC 1
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U1 0
U2 6
PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA
SN 1931-3195
J9 J APPL REMOTE SENS
JI J. Appl. Remote Sens.
PD SEP 2
PY 2011
VL 5
AR 053549
DI 10.1117/1.3626025
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic
   Technology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science &
   Photographic Technology
GA 820IK
UT WOS:000294898700002
ER

PT J
AU Li, YN
   Urbas, A
   Li, Q
AF Li, Yannian
   Urbas, Augustine
   Li, Quan
TI Synthesis and Characterization of Light-Driven Dithienylcyclopentene
   Switches with Axial Chirality
SO JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID CHOLESTERIC LIQUID-CRYSTALS; CHIROPTICAL MOLECULAR SWITCH; HELICAL
   TWISTING POWER; PHOTOCHROMIC FULGIDE; REVERSIBLE CONTROL; SPIRO-OXAZINE;
   DIARYLETHENE; PITCH; DERIVATIVES; PHASES
AB Three new photochemically reversible but thermally stable dithienylcyclopentene switches with axial chirality were synthesized and characterized. All the compounds exhibited photochemically reversible isomerization with thermal stability between its open form and closed form in both organic solvent and liquid crystal host. Their photoresponsive behaviors in organic solvents were characterized by H-1 NMR, UV-vis, and CD spectra. These chiral molecular switches were found not only to be able to act as a chiral dopant and induce a helical superstructure in an achiral liquid crystal host but also to be able to reversibly and dynamically tune the transmittance and reflection of the resulting chiral phase upon light irradiation. The helical twisting powers, transmittance, and reflection spectra of photoswitchable cholesteric LCs were measured. Dopant 1 exhibited an unusually high helical twisting power, which is significantly larger than those of the known chiral diarylethenes reported as chiral dopants so far.
C1 [Li, Yannian; Li, Quan] Kent State Univ, Inst Liquid Crystal, Kent, OH 44242 USA.
   [Urbas, Augustine] USAF, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Res Lab WPAFB, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Li, Q (reprint author), Kent State Univ, Inst Liquid Crystal, Kent, OH 44242 USA.
EM qli1@kent.edu
RI Li, Yannian/B-7000-2012
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) [FA9550-09-1-0254,
   FA9950-09-1-0194]; Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-SC0001412]; National
   Science Foundation (NSF) [IIP 0750379]
FX This work is supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research
   (AFOSR FA9550-09-1-0254 and FA9950-09-1-0194), the Department of Energy
   (DOE DE-SC0001412), and the National Science Foundation (NSF IIP
   0750379). We thank J. Ma for spectroscopic assistance.
NR 50
TC 27
Z9 28
U1 1
U2 44
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0022-3263
J9 J ORG CHEM
JI J. Org. Chem.
PD SEP 2
PY 2011
VL 76
IS 17
BP 7148
EP 7156
DI 10.1021/jo201139t
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Organic
SC Chemistry
GA 811UZ
UT WOS:000294242900019
PM 21770377
ER

PT J
AU Mattei, PL
   Johnson, RR
   Beachkofsky, TM
   Wisco, OJ
   Hivnor, CM
   Murchland, MR
AF Mattei, Peter L.
   Johnson, Ryan R.
   Beachkofsky, Thomas M.
   Wisco, Oliver J.
   Hivnor, Chad M.
   Murchland, Michael R.
TI Pruritic rash on trunk
SO JOURNAL OF FAMILY PRACTICE
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID SYPHILIS; DISEASES
C1 [Johnson, Ryan R.; Hivnor, Chad M.; Murchland, Michael R.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Lackland AFB, TX USA.
   [Beachkofsky, Thomas M.] Kunsan Air Base, Fighter Squadron 80, Kunsan, South Korea.
   [Wisco, Oliver J.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Boston, MA 02114 USA.
   [Wisco, Oliver J.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA.
RP Mattei, PL (reprint author), 641 Bainbridge Dr, Mullica Hill, NJ 08062 USA.
EM peterlmattei@gmail.com
NR 14
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU DOWDEN HEALTH MEDIA
PI MONTVALE
PA 110 SUMMIT AVE, MONTVALE, NJ 07645-1712 USA
SN 0094-3509
J9 J FAM PRACTICE
JI J. Fam. Pract.
PD SEP
PY 2011
VL 60
IS 9
BP 539
EP 542
PG 4
WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 930IM
UT WOS:000303132300013
PM 21901180
ER

PT J
AU Grupen, M
AF Grupen, Matt
TI Energy transport model with full band structure for GaAs electronic
   devices
SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL ELECTRONICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Charge transport model; Ideal Fermi gas; Boltzmann equation
ID SPHERICAL-HARMONICS EXPANSION; IMPACT IONIZATION; SIMULATION; BOLTZMANN;
   EQUATION; SEMICONDUCTORS; SILICON
AB Electronic band structure is incorporated into a versatile energy transport model that treats heat flow between mobile electron ensembles with the thermodynamic identity for ideal gases instead of an electron thermal conductivity. This alleviates the closure issue common to thermal conductivity models and is amenable to different forms of charge gas transport. This flexibility allows the model to accommodate band dispersions typical of semiconductors. A simulation scheme and the device equations for a generalized band structure are presented. The model is then implemented for GaAs using a band structure calculated with the empirical pseudopotential method. Comparisons to Monte Carlo for certain bulk GaAs test cases indicate that the model may capture hot electron effects with sufficient accuracy and reduced computational cost suitable for larger scale device simulation and design.
C1 USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Grupen, M (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, 2241 Avionics Circle, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM Matthew.Grupen@wpafb.af.mil
FU AFOSR [LRIR 09RY04COR]
FX The author acknowledges Prof. Doug Yoder (Georgia Institute of
   Technology) and Dr. Stephan Badescu (AFRL/RYDD) for helpful discussions
   of Monte Carlo simulation and electron dynamics. This work was supported
   by AFOSR Grant No. LRIR 09RY04COR.
NR 32
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 3
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1569-8025
J9 J COMPUT ELECTRON
JI J. Comput. Electron.
PD SEP
PY 2011
VL 10
IS 3
BP 271
EP 290
DI 10.1007/s10825-011-0364-9
PG 20
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Physics
GA 898IS
UT WOS:000300736500001
ER

PT J
AU Guznov, S
   Matthews, G
   Funke, G
   Dukes, A
AF Guznov, Svyatoslav
   Matthews, Gerald
   Funke, Gregory
   Dukes, Allen
TI Use of the RoboFlag synthetic task environment to investigate workload
   and stress responses in UAV operation
SO BEHAVIOR RESEARCH METHODS
LA English
DT Article
DE Workload; Stress; Computer simulators
ID VEHICLE AUTOMATION
AB Use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) is an increasingly important element of military missions. However, controlling UAVs may impose high stress and workload on the operator. This study evaluated the use of the RoboFlag simulated environment as a means for profiling multiple dimensions of stress and workload response to a task requiring control of multiple vehicles (robots). It tested the effects of two workload manipulations, environmental uncertainty (i.e., UAV's visual view area) and maneuverability, in 64 participants. The findings confirmed that the task produced substantial workload and elevated distress. Dissociations between the stress and performance effects of the manipulations confirmed the utility of a multivariate approach to assessment. Contrary to expectations, distress and some aspects of workload were highest in the low-uncertainty condition, suggesting that overload of information may be an issue for UAV interface designers. The strengths and limitations of RoboFlag as a methodology for investigating stress and workload responses are discussed.
C1 [Guznov, Svyatoslav; Matthews, Gerald] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Psychol, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA.
   [Funke, Gregory; Dukes, Allen] USAF, Res Lab, Dayton, OH USA.
RP Guznov, S (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Dept Psychol, 5140H Edwards Hall 1, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA.
EM guznovs@mail.uc.edu
NR 39
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 4
U2 9
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1554-351X
J9 BEHAV RES METHODS
JI Behav. Res. Methods
PD SEP
PY 2011
VL 43
IS 3
SI SI
BP 771
EP 780
DI 10.3758/s13428-011-0085-9
PG 10
WC Psychology, Mathematical; Psychology, Experimental
SC Psychology
GA 889TD
UT WOS:000300095300015
PM 21487900
ER

PT J
AU Sutter, DE
   Bradshaw, LU
   Simkins, LH
   Summers, AM
   Atha, M
   Elwood, RL
   Robertson, JL
   Murray, CK
   Wortmann, GW
   Hospenthal, DR
AF Sutter, Deena E.
   Bradshaw, Linda U.
   Simkins, Lucas H.
   Summers, Amy M.
   Atha, Michael
   Elwood, Robert L.
   Robertson, Janelle L.
   Murray, Clinton K.
   Wortmann, Glenn W.
   Hospenthal, Duane R.
TI High Incidence of Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria Recovered
   from Afghan Patients at a Deployed US Military Hospital
SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID ACINETOBACTER-BAUMANNII; IRAQ; COLONIZATION; PERSONNEL; FACILITY
AB OBJECTIVE. To investigate potential sources and risks associated with multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria in a deployed US military hospital.
   DESIGN. Retrospective analysis of factors associated with recovery of MDR bacteria, supplemented by environmental sampling.
   SETTING. The largest US military hospital in Afghanistan.
   PATIENTS. US and Afghan patients with positive bacterial culture results, from September 2007 through August 2008.
   METHODS. Microbiologic, demographic, and clinical data were analyzed. Potential risk factors included admission diagnosis or mechanism of injury, length of stay, gender, age, and nationality (US or Afghan). Environmental sampling of selected hospital high-touch surfaces and equipment was performed to help elucidate whether environmental MDR bacteria were contributing to nosocomial spread.
   RESULTS. A total of 266 patients had 411 bacterial isolates that were identified during the study period, including 211 MDR bacteria (51%). Gram-negative bacteria were common among Afghan patients (241 [76%] of 319), and 70% of these were classified as MDR. This included 58% of bacteria recovered from Afghan patients within 48 hours of hospital admission. The most common gram-negative bacteria were Escherichia coli (53% were MDR), Acinetobacter (90% were MDR), and Klebsiella (63% were MDR). Almost one-half of potential extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producers were community acquired. Of 100 environmental swab samples, 18 yielded MDR bacteria, including 10 that were Acinetobacter, but no potential ESBL-producing bacteria.
   CONCLUSIONS. Gram-negative bacteria from Afghan patients had high rates of antimicrobial resistance. Patients experiencing complex trauma and prolonged hospital stays likely contribute to the presence of MDR bacteria in this facility. However, many of these patients had community-acquired cases, which implies high rates of colonization prior to hospital admission. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2011;32(9):854-860
C1 [Sutter, Deena E.; Bradshaw, Linda U.; Elwood, Robert L.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Lackland AFB, TX USA.
   [Summers, Amy M.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Washington, DC 20307 USA.
   [Summers, Amy M.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Area Lab Support, Washington, DC 20307 USA.
   [Atha, Michael] Dept Med, Travis AFB, CA USA.
   [Robertson, Janelle L.] Elgin Hosp, Dept Med, Eglin AFB, FL USA.
   [Murray, Clinton K.; Hospenthal, Duane R.] San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, San Antonio, TX USA.
   [Wortmann, Glenn W.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Infect Dis Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA.
RP Sutter, DE (reprint author), USAF, MC, Dept Pediat, San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA.
EM deena.sutter@amedd.army.mil
RI Mavoa, Suzanne/B-5372-2010
NR 13
TC 20
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 4
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0899-823X
J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP
JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol.
PD SEP
PY 2011
VL 32
IS 9
BP 854
EP 860
DI 10.1086/661284
PG 7
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases
GA 876BW
UT WOS:000299083000004
PM 21828965
ER

PT J
AU Plating, CJD
AF Plating, Colonel John D.
TI Lost Eagles: One Man's Mission to Find Missing Airmen in Two World Wars
SO MICHIGAN HISTORICAL REVIEW
LA English
DT Book Review
C1 [Plating, Colonel John D.] US AF Acad, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
RP Plating, CJD (reprint author), US AF Acad, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU CENTRAL MICHIGAN UNIV CLARKE HISTORICAL LIBRARY
PI MT PLEASANT
PA MT PLEASANT, MI 48859 USA
SN 0360-1846
J9 MICH HIST REV
JI Mich. Hist. Rev.
PD FAL
PY 2011
VL 37
IS 2
BP 117
EP 118
PG 2
WC History
SC History
GA 864VG
UT WOS:000298268000016
ER

PT J
AU Hrozhyk, UA
   Serak, SV
   Tabiryan, NV
   White, TJ
   Bunning, TJ
AF Hrozhyk, Uladzimir A.
   Serak, Svetlana V.
   Tabiryan, Nelson V.
   White, Timothy J.
   Bunning, Timothy J.
TI Nonlinear optical properties of fast, photoswitchable cholesteric liquid
   crystal bandgaps
SO OPTICAL MATERIALS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
ID PHASE-TRANSITION; NEMATIC PHASE; PITCH; LASER; BEHAVIOR
AB The reflection and transmission properties of photosensitized cholesteric liquid crystals (CLCs) are examined. Introduction of mesogenic push-pull azobenzene dyes into blue and green reflective CLCs enables fast (sub-second), photoswitchable optical properties due to the overlap of the trans and cis absorption states. Upon irradiation with CW blue-green laser radiation, the bandgap reflection is erased in a fraction of a second and reversibly restored approximately one second after the blue-green laser radiation is removed. Given the strong overlap of the trans and cis absorption maxima, we believe that repeated trans-cis and cis-trans isomerization cycles induced with irradiation lead to a destruction of the ordered LC phase. The sensitivity to the irradiating wavelength scales with the wavelength-dependent absorption of the mesogenic push-pull dye. A detailed examination of the transmitted and reflected laser beams are presented as a function of power and wavelength of CW sources. (C) 2011 Optical Society of America
C1 [Hrozhyk, Uladzimir A.; Serak, Svetlana V.; Tabiryan, Nelson V.] Beam Engn Adv Measurements Co, Winter Pk, FL USA.
   [White, Timothy J.; Bunning, Timothy J.] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Hrozhyk, UA (reprint author), Beam Engn Adv Measurements Co, 809 S Orlando Ave,Suite 1, Winter Pk, FL USA.
EM timothy.bunning@wpafb.af.mil
RI White, Timothy/D-4392-2012
NR 38
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 16
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 2159-3930
J9 OPT MATER EXPRESS
JI Opt. Mater. Express
PD SEP 1
PY 2011
VL 1
IS 5
BP 943
EP 952
PG 10
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics
SC Materials Science; Optics
GA 875QJ
UT WOS:000299048500014
ER

PT J
AU Gorder, KA
   Dettenmaier, EM
AF Gorder, Kyle A.
   Dettenmaier, Erik M.
TI Portable GC/MS Methods to Evaluate Sources of cVOC Contamination in
   Indoor Air
SO GROUND WATER MONITORING AND REMEDIATION
LA English
DT Article
ID VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; VOCS
AB A portable gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC/MS) was used to investigate sources of chlorinated volatile organic compound (cVOC) contamination in indoor air at 46 residences around Hill AFB, Utah, that were potentially affected by vapor intrusion. Analytical methods were developed to allow sample turnaround times of less than 10 min and method detection limits (MDLs) generally less than 1 mu g/m3 for a selected list of cVOCs. Area-by-area sampling was used to identify the likely vapor source locations. In many cases, individual container/enclosure sampling and subsequent field emission rate measurements from isolated consumer products were used to determine if identified products were likely to be the primary source of vapors in the residence. The portable GC/MS was also used to characterize vapor intrusion in two residences. In one of these two residences, building pressure control was used to enhance vapor entry in order to facilitate the investigation resulting in confirmation of vapor intrusion and identification of a primary route of vapor entry. cVOCs were identified in 42 of the 46 homes investigated, subsurface vapor intrusion was identified in two homes, and two homes had inconclusive results.
C1 [Gorder, Kyle A.; Dettenmaier, Erik M.] Hill AFB Environm Restorat Branch, Hill AFB, UT 84056 USA.
RP Gorder, KA (reprint author), Hill AFB Environm Restorat Branch, 75CEG CEVR,7274 Wardleigh Rd, Hill AFB, UT 84056 USA.
NR 16
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 13
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1069-3629
J9 GROUND WATER MONIT R
JI Ground Water Monit. Remediat.
PD FAL
PY 2011
VL 31
IS 4
BP 113
EP 119
DI 10.1111/j.1745-6592.2011.01357.x
PG 7
WC Water Resources
SC Water Resources
GA 850QW
UT WOS:000297213100011
ER

PT J
AU Moore, LR
AF Moore, L. Richard, Jr.
TI Cognitive model exploration and optimization: a new challenge for
   computational science
SO COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL ORGANIZATION THEORY
LA English
DT Article
DE Adaptive mesh; Exploration; Searching; Parameter space; Predictive
   analytics; Volunteer computing; High performance computing
ID REGRESSION
AB Parameter space exploration is a common problem tackled on large-scale computational resources. The most common technique, a full combinatorial mesh, is robust but scales poorly to the computational demands of complex models with higher dimensional spaces. Such models are routinely found in the modeling and simulation community. To alleviate the computational requirements, I have implemented two parallelized intelligent search and exploration algorithms: one based on adaptive mesh refinement and the other on regression trees. These algorithms were chosen because there is a dual interest in approaches that allow searching a parameter space for optimal values, as well as exploring the overall space in general. Both intelligent algorithms reduce computational costs at some expense to the quality of results, yet the regression tree approach was orders of magnitude faster than the other methodologies.
C1 USAF, Res Lab, Warfighter Readiness Res Div, Mesa, AZ 85212 USA.
RP Moore, LR (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Warfighter Readiness Res Div, 6030 S Kent St, Mesa, AZ 85212 USA.
EM Larry.Moore@mesa.afmc.af.mil
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research [07HE01COR, 10RH04COR];
   Performance and Learning Models team; Adaptive Cognitive Systems
FX The views expressed in this paper are those of the author and do not
   reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense,
   the U.S. Government, or Lockheed Martin Corporation. This research was
   sponsored by grants 07HE01COR and 10RH04COR from the Air Force Office of
   Scientific Research.; I would like to thank Kevin Gluck and Glenn
   Gunzelmann for reviews of earlier drafts of this paper, as well as the
   Performance and Learning Models team and Adaptive Cognitive Systems for
   their influences and indulgence in supporting this work.
NR 22
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 6
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1381-298X
J9 COMPUT MATH ORGAN TH
JI Comput. Math. Organ. Theory
PD SEP
PY 2011
VL 17
IS 3
SI SI
BP 296
EP 313
DI 10.1007/s10588-011-9092-8
PG 18
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mathematics,
   Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods
SC Computer Science; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences
GA 849LG
UT WOS:000297126400005
ER

PT J
AU Peri, SR
   Akgun, B
   Satija, SK
   Jiang, H
   Enlow, J
   Bunning, TJ
   Foster, MD
AF Peri, Someswara R.
   Akgun, Bulent
   Satija, Sushil K.
   Jiang, Hao
   Enlow, Jesse
   Bunning, Timothy. J.
   Foster, Mark D.
TI Control of Interface Nanoscale Structure Created by Plasma-Enhanced
   Chemical Vapor Deposition
SO ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
LA English
DT Article
DE cross-link density; plasma polymerization; PECVD process parameters;
   PECVD interfaces; vapor-swelling; X-ray/neutron reflectivity
ID POLYMERIZED FLUOROCARBON FILMS; ELECTRON-SPIN-RESONANCE; X-RAY
   REFLECTIVITY; THIN-FILMS; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; NEUTRON REFLECTIVITY;
   GLOW-DISCHARGE; COPOLYMERIZATION; RADICALS; FERROCENE
AB Tailoring the structure of films deposited by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) to specific applications requires a depth-resolved understanding of how the interface structures in such films are impacted by variations in deposition parameters such as feed position and : plasma power. Analysis of complementary X-ray and neutron reflectivity (XR, NR) data provide a rich picture of changes in structure with feed position and plasma power, with those changes resolved on the nanoscale. For plasma-polymerized octafluorocyclobutane (PP-OFCB) films, a region of distinct chemical composition and lower cross-link density is found at the substrate interface for the range of processing conditions studied and a surface layer of lower cross-link density also appears when plasma power exceeds 40 W. Varying the distance of the feed from the plasma impacts the degree of cross-linking in the film center, thickness of the surface layer, and thickness of the transition region at the substrate. Deposition at the highest power, 65 W, both enhances cross-linking and creates loose fragments with fluorine content higher than the average. The thickness of the low cross-link density region at the air interface plays an important role in determining the width of the interface built with a layer subsequently deposited atop the first.
C1 [Peri, Someswara R.; Foster, Mark D.] Univ Akron, Inst Polymer Sci & Polymer Engn, Akron, OH 44325 USA.
   [Akgun, Bulent; Satija, Sushil K.] NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
   [Akgun, Bulent] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
   [Jiang, Hao; Enlow, Jesse; Bunning, Timothy. J.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Foster, MD (reprint author), Univ Akron, Inst Polymer Sci & Polymer Engn, 170 Univ Ave, Akron, OH 44325 USA.
EM mfoster@uakron.edu
RI Akgun, Bulent/H-3798-2011
FU Collaborative Center for Polymer Photonics [49620-02-1-0428]; Air Force
   Office of Scientific Research, Air Force Research Laboratory; University
   of Akron; National Institute of Standards and Technology, U.S.
   Department of Commerce
FX This research was funded by the Collaborative Center for Polymer
   Photonics (49620-02-1-0428) which is co-funded by the Air Force Office
   of Scientific Research, Air Force Research Laboratory, and The
   University of Akron. We acknowledge support of the National Institute of
   Standards and Technology, U.S. Department of Commerce, in providing the
   neutron research facilities used in this work.
NR 52
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 13
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1944-8244
J9 ACS APPL MATER INTER
JI ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces
PD SEP
PY 2011
VL 3
IS 9
BP 3375
EP 3383
DI 10.1021/am200543x
PG 9
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 824YA
UT WOS:000295236900024
PM 21875044
ER

PT J
AU Bolt, PJ
AF Bolt, Paul J.
TI Contemporary Sino-Southeast Asian Relations
SO CHINA-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
AB China's growth has brought important benefits to Southeast Asia. China's "new diplomacy" has accommodated many of the region's political concerns and its economic expansion has been an engine of growth for Southeast Asia. However, China's rise brings challenges as well. China's rapid naval build-up, more intensified disputes in the South China Sea, environmental problems and questions over China's ultimate goals create concerns in the region. Southeast Asia's strategy has been to accommodate China's rise while striving to maintain the American position in the region. Southeast Asia has been successful in this strategy, although this balance will be increasingly difficult as China's power increases.
C1 USAF Acad, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
RP Bolt, PJ (reprint author), USAF Acad, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
EM Paul.Bolt@usafa.edu
NR 81
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 8
PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD
PI SINGAPORE
PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE
SN 0219-7472
J9 CHINA INT J
JI China
PD SEP
PY 2011
VL 9
IS 2
BP 276
EP 295
PG 20
WC Area Studies
SC Area Studies
GA 826XC
UT WOS:000295387900005
ER

PT J
AU Naito, C
   Dinan, R
   Bewick, B
AF Naito, Clay
   Dinan, Robert
   Bewick, Bryan
TI Use of Precast Concrete Walls for Blast Protection of Steel Stud
   Construction
SO JOURNAL OF PERFORMANCE OF CONSTRUCTED FACILITIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Precast concrete; Blast demand; Steel stud; Walls; Experimental results
AB This research study examines the use of a precast concrete panel system for blast protection of facilities with exterior light gauge metal stud walls. The structural retrofit is designed for the specific case where internal operation of the facility cannot be interrupted. To meet this design requirement, a series of precast concrete panels are installed exterior to the building envelope with connections to the foundation at ground level and to the steel building frame at upper floor levels. To validate the retrofit concept, two explosive detonations representing relatively low and high blast threat levels are examined. An exterior insulation and finishing system (EIFS) clad stud wall and a precast concrete protected stud wall are examined under each demand level. The measured responses of both systems are compared with each other and with basic dynamic predictive models. In addition, a finite element study of the connection is conducted to estimate support demands for the blast retrofit. The research results show that the precast wall system provides effective protection of the exterior wall. The research also shows that EIFS clad metal stud wall systems retain significant resilience under blast demands. The dynamic responses of the systems are predictable using standard elastic-plastic dynamic modeling assumptions. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)CF.1943-5509.0000228. (C) 2011 American Society of Civil Engineers.
C1 [Naito, Clay] Lehigh Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, ATLSS Ctr, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA.
   [Dinan, Robert; Bewick, Bryan] USAF, Res Lab, AFRL RXQF, Tyndall AFB, FL 32404 USA.
RP Naito, C (reprint author), Lehigh Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, ATLSS Ctr, 117 ATLSS Dr, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA.
EM cjn3@lehigh.edu
OI Naito, Clay/0000-0003-3835-8131
FU Air Force Research Laboratory
FX This research was supported by the Air Force Research Laboratory. The
   writers would like to thank the technicians who assisted with the
   experimental program. In addition, the writers would like to thank Peet
   Needham at Atlanta Structural Concrete for donation of the panels used
   in the research program, Jason Krohn at the Precast/Prestressed Concrete
   Institute for technical support, and Linda Kaplan of Gannett Fleming
   Engineers and Architects in New York City for the finite-element
   analysis study conducted.
NR 10
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 3
U2 9
PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA
SN 0887-3828
J9 J PERFORM CONSTR FAC
JI J. Perform. Constr. Facil.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2011
VL 25
IS 5
BP 454
EP 463
DI 10.1061/(ASCE)CF.1943-5509.0000228
PG 10
WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil
SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering
GA 840EQ
UT WOS:000296421500012
ER

PT J
AU Alimov, OK
   Basiev, TT
   Konushkin, VA
   Papashvili, AG
   Karasik, AY
   Henry, L
AF Alimov, O. K.
   Basiev, T. T.
   Konushkin, V. A.
   Papashvili, A. G.
   Karasik, A. Y.
   Henry, L.
TI Investigations of Yb-doped optical fiber using selective laser
   excitation
SO APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS
LA English
DT Article
ID RARE-EARTH IONS; POWER; GLASS
AB The method of tunable site-selective laser excitation was used for a study of the spectral and fluorescence characteristics of Yb(3+) optical centers in laser optical fiber. Decay curves and positions of fluorescence spectra maxima at different wavelengths of selective laser excitation and positions of excitation spectra maxima at different fluorescence selective registration provide new information on lifetimes and Stark energy distribution among inhomogeneously broadened Yb(3+) lines. The obtained Stark splitting energy distribution diagram demonstrates the tuneability of Yb(3+) laser oscillation wavelength under tunable excitation of a pump laser.
C1 [Alimov, O. K.; Basiev, T. T.; Konushkin, V. A.; Papashvili, A. G.; Karasik, A. Y.] Prokhorov Gen Phys Inst RAS, Moscow 119991, Russia.
   [Henry, L.] USAF, Res Lab, Se Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA.
RP Basiev, TT (reprint author), Prokhorov Gen Phys Inst RAS, Vavilov Str 38, Moscow 119991, Russia.
EM basiev@lst.gpi.ru
RI Karasik, Alexander/A-6131-2016
FU CRDF [RUP 2-1517-MO-06]; RAS [N27]
FX This work was supported in part by the CRDF project RUP 2-1517-MO-06 and
   RAS program N27.
NR 20
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 6
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0946-2171
J9 APPL PHYS B-LASERS O
JI Appl. Phys. B-Lasers Opt.
PD SEP
PY 2011
VL 104
IS 4
BP 845
EP 850
DI 10.1007/s00340-011-4526-z
PG 6
WC Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Optics; Physics
GA 829VE
UT WOS:000295611800016
ER

PT J
AU Gvozdovskyy, I
   Shcherbin, K
   Evans, DR
   Cook, G
AF Gvozdovskyy, I.
   Shcherbin, K.
   Evans, D. R.
   Cook, G.
TI Infrared sensitive liquid crystal photorefractive hybrid cell with
   semiconductor substrates
SO APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS
LA English
DT Article
ID PRE-TILT; STABILIZATION; GAIN
AB Refractive index grating recording is achieved in the infrared in a nematic liquid crystal placed between semiconductor CdTe substrates. Light-induced space-charge field created in photorefractive semiconductor substrates varies an alignment of liquid crystal molecules inhomogeneously in space forming a spatial modulation of the refractive index in liquid crystal. Two-beam coupling is studied in the hybrid cell, in which a gain factor Gamma = 16 cm(-1) is achieved in the layer of liquid crystal of the sandwich.
C1 [Gvozdovskyy, I.; Shcherbin, K.] Natl Acad Sci, Inst Phys, UA-03028 Kiev, Ukraine.
   [Evans, D. R.; Cook, G.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Cook, G.] Azimuth Corp, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
RP Shcherbin, K (reprint author), Natl Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Prospekt Nauki 46, UA-03028 Kiev, Ukraine.
EM kshcherb@iop.kiev.ua
FU European Office of Aerospace Research & Development (EOARD) through
   Science and Technology Center in Ukraine [P335]
FX Authors are grateful to S. Odoulov and A. Shumelyuk for stimulating
   discussions. We gratefully acknowledge the European Office of Aerospace
   Research & Development (EOARD) for their support through the Science and
   Technology Center in Ukraine (Project P335).
NR 16
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 3
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0946-2171
EI 1432-0649
J9 APPL PHYS B-LASERS O
JI Appl. Phys. B-Lasers Opt.
PD SEP
PY 2011
VL 104
IS 4
BP 883
EP 886
DI 10.1007/s00340-011-4374-x
PG 4
WC Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Optics; Physics
GA 829VE
UT WOS:000295611800021
ER

PT J
AU Lilly, TC
AF Lilly, T. C.
TI Simulated nonresonant pulsed laser manipulation of a nitrogen flow
SO APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS
LA English
DT Article
ID DEFLECTION; MOLECULES
AB The continuing advance of laser technology enables a range of broadly applicable, laser-based flow manipulation techniques relevant to a number of aerospace, basic physics, and microtechnology applications. Theories for laser-molecule interactions have been under development since the advent of laser technology. Yet, the theories have not been adequately integrated into kinetic flow solvers. Realizing this integration would greatly enhance the scaling of laser-species interactions beyond the realm of ultra-cold atomic physics. This goal was realized in the present study. A representative numerical investigation of laser-based neutral nonpolar molecular flow manipulations was conducted using non-resonant pulsed laser fields. The numerical tool employed for this study was a specifically modified version of the Direct Simulation Monte Carlo statistical kinetic solver known as SMILE. Flow steering and collimation was simulated for a nitrogen effluence with a stagnation condition of 1 Pa and 300 K emptying into vacuum. The laser pulses were 250 mJ, 5 ns pulses at a wavelength of 532 nm. Flow modification mapped out contours which followed the intensity gradient of the laser field, consistent with the use of the induced dipole gradient force along the field's radial direction and previously published experiments.
C1 Edwards AFB, Prop Directorate AFRL RZSA, AF Res Lab, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA.
RP Lilly, TC (reprint author), Edwards AFB, Prop Directorate AFRL RZSA, AF Res Lab, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA.
EM taylor.lilly@hotmail.com
FU National Research Council, Propulsion Directorate, Air Force Research
   Laboratory (AFRL/RZSA); Air Force Research Laboratory's Propulsion
   Directorate at Edwards AFB, CA; DOD, US Army Engineer Research and
   Development Center DoD Supercomputing Resource Center (ERDC DSRC)
FX T.C. Lilly was supported by the National Research Council Research
   Associate Program, Propulsion Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory
   (AFRL/RZSA).; The author would like to thank Dr. Sergey Gimelshein for
   his invaluable assistance with the SMILE code. This work was supported
   by the Air Force Research Laboratory's Propulsion Directorate at Edwards
   AFB, CA. This work was also supported, in part, by a grant of computer
   time from the DOD High Performance Computing Modernization Program at
   the US Army Engineer Research and Development Center DoD Supercomputing
   Resource Center (ERDC DSRC).
NR 12
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0946-2171
J9 APPL PHYS B-LASERS O
JI Appl. Phys. B-Lasers Opt.
PD SEP
PY 2011
VL 104
IS 4
BP 961
EP 968
DI 10.1007/s00340-011-4412-8
PG 8
WC Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Optics; Physics
GA 829VE
UT WOS:000295611800033
ER

PT J
AU Garmann, DJ
   Visbal, MR
AF Garmann, Daniel J.
   Visbal, Miguel R.
TI Numerical investigation of transitional flow over a rapidly pitching
   plate
SO PHYSICS OF FLUIDS
LA English
DT Article
DE aerodynamics; boundary layer turbulence; external flows; flow
   simulation; laminar to turbulent transitions; numerical analysis; plates
   (structures); vortices
ID FINITE-DIFFERENCE SCHEMES; LARGE-EDDY SIMULATION; DYNAMIC STALL;
   AIRFOIL; EQUATIONS; MESHES; VORTEX
AB A computational study of a plate undergoing high amplitude, pitch, hold, and return motions is presented. An implicit large eddy simulation (ILES) technique is employed to capture the laminar-to-turbulent transition process as the plate is pitched to high angles of attack. Simulations are performed for Reynolds numbers between 5000 and 40 000 with motion profiles of varying accelerations and hold times. The solutions show extremely favorable flow field comparisons of span-averaged stream-wise velocity and out-of-plane vorticity with available experimental Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) measurements. At a given Reynolds number, the span-averaged flow fields and aerodynamic loading show little sensitivity to the acceleration of the plate for the motions examined. The three-dimensional flow field structure reveals a very rapid transition process that occurs almost at the onset of motion for the higher Reynolds number cases. In spite of this, the aerodynamic loads for those cases compare closely with the same motions at lower Reynolds numbers. [doi: 10.1063/1.3626407]
C1 [Garmann, Daniel J.; Visbal, Miguel R.] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Garmann, DJ (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM Daniel.Garmann@wpafb.af.mil
FU AFOSR
FX This work was supported in part by AFOSR under a task monitored by Dr.
   D. Smith. The authors would like to thank Dr. M. Ol of the Air Force
   Research Laboratory for providing the experimental data and the Low
   Reynolds Number Discussion Group from the AIAA Fluid Dynamics Technical
   Committee for development of the canonical cases. Many fruitful
   conversations with Dr. P. Orkwis and Dr. M. Turner from the University
   of Cincinnati regarding details of the project are also gratefully
   acknowledged.
NR 39
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 10
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
   MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 1070-6631
J9 PHYS FLUIDS
JI Phys. Fluids
PD SEP
PY 2011
VL 23
IS 9
AR 094106
DI 10.1063/1.3626407
PG 15
WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Mechanics; Physics
GA 829YD
UT WOS:000295621800040
ER

PT J
AU Basu, B
   Grossbard, NJ
AF Basu, B.
   Grossbard, N. J.
TI Ion-cyclotron instability in current-carrying Lorentzian (kappa) and
   Maxwellian plasmas with anisotropic temperatures: A comparative study
SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
LA English
DT Article
ID AURORAL FIELD LINES; VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION; DISPERSION FUNCTION; SPACE
   PLASMAS; DIELECTRIC TENSOR; MAGNETIZED PLASMA; WAVES; DRIVEN;
   MICROINSTABILITIES; ELECTRONS
AB Current-driven electrostatic ion-cyclotron instability has so far been studied for Maxwellian plasma with isotropic and anisotropic temperatures. Since satellite-measured particle velocity distributions in space are often better modeled by the generalized Lorentzian (kappa) distributions and since temperature anisotropy is quite common in space plasmas, theoretical analysis of the current-driven, electrostatic ion-cyclotron instability is carried out in this paper for electron-proton plasma with anisotropic temperatures, where the particle parallel velocity distributions are modeled by kappa distributions and the perpendicular velocity distributions are modeled by Maxwellian distributions. Stability properties of the excited ion cyclotron modes and, in particular, their dependence on electron to ion temperature ratio and ion temperature anisotropy are presented in more detail. For comparison, the corresponding results for bi-Maxwellian plasma are also presented. Although the stability properties of the ion cyclotron modes in the two types of plasmas are qualitatively similar, significant quantitative differences can arise depending on the values of kappa(e) and kappa(i). The comparative study is based on the numerical solutions of the respective linear dispersion relations. Quasilinear estimates of the resonant ion heating rates due to ion-cyclotron turbulence in the two types of plasma are also presented for comparison. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3632974]
C1 [Basu, B.] Boston Coll, Inst Sci Res, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 USA.
   [Basu, B.] USAF, Res Lab, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
RP Basu, B (reprint author), Boston Coll, Inst Sci Res, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 USA.
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)
FX This work was supported in part by the Air Force Office of Scientific
   Research (AFOSR).
NR 38
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
   MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 1070-664X
J9 PHYS PLASMAS
JI Phys. Plasmas
PD SEP
PY 2011
VL 18
IS 9
AR 092106
DI 10.1063/1.3632974
PG 12
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA 829XY
UT WOS:000295621300006
ER

PT J
AU Stringham, JM
   Garcia, PV
   Smith, PA
   McLin, LN
   Foutch, BK
AF Stringham, James M.
   Garcia, Paul V.
   Smith, Peter A.
   McLin, Leon N.
   Foutch, Brian K.
TI Macular Pigment and Visual Performance in Glare: Benefits for
   Photostress Recovery, Disability Glare, and Visual Discomfort
SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID HETEROCHROMATIC FLICKER PHOTOMETRY; OPTICAL-DENSITY; PRIMATE RETINAS;
   IRIS COLOR; OLDER SUBJECTS; CAROTENOIDS; ZEAXANTHIN; LUTEIN;
   PHOTOPHOBIA; SENSITIVITY
AB PURPOSE. One theory of macular pigment's (MP) presence in the fovea is to improve visual performance in glare. This study sought to determine the effect of MP level on three aspects of visual performance in glare: photostress recovery, disability glare, and visual discomfort.
   METHODS. Twenty-six subjects participated in the study. Spatial profiles of MP optical density were assessed with heterochromatic flicker photometry. Glare was delivered via high-brightwhite LEDs. For the disability glare and photostress recovery portions of the experiment, the visual task consisted of correct identification of a 1 degrees Gabor patch's orientation. Visual discomfort during the glare presentation was assessed with a visual discomfort rating scale. Pupil diameter was monitored with an infrared (IR) camera.
   RESULTS. MP level correlated significantly with all the outcome measures. Higher MP optical densities (MPODs) resulted in faster photostress recovery times (average P < 0.003), lower disability glare contrast thresholds (average P < 0.004), and lower visual discomfort (P = 0.002). Smaller pupil diameter during glare presentation significantly correlated with higher visual discomfort ratings (P = 0.037).
   CONCLUSIONS. MP correlates with three aspects of visual performance in glare. Unlike previous studies of MP and glare, the present study used free-viewing conditions, in which effects of iris pigmentation and pupil size could be accounted for. The effects described, therefore, can be extended more confidently to real-world, practical visual performance benefits. Greater iris constriction resulted (paradoxically) in greater visual discomfort. This finding may be attributable to the neurobiologic mechanism that mediates the pain elicited by light. (Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011;52:7406-7415) DOI:10.1167/iovs.10-6699
C1 [Stringham, James M.; Garcia, Paul V.; Smith, Peter A.] TASC Inc, Brooks City Base, TX USA.
   [McLin, Leon N.; Foutch, Brian K.] USAF, Res Lab, Brooks City Base, TX USA.
RP Stringham, JM (reprint author), Bldg 812, Brooks City Base, TX 78235 USA.
EM james.stringham@brooks.af.mil
FU United States Air Force, 711th Human Performance Wing
FX Supported by the United States Air Force, 711th Human Performance Wing.
NR 50
TC 40
Z9 40
U1 1
U2 9
PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC
PI ROCKVILLE
PA 12300 TWINBROOK PARKWAY, ROCKVILLE, MD 20852-1606 USA
SN 0146-0404
EI 1552-5783
J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI
JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.
PD SEP
PY 2011
VL 52
IS 10
BP 7406
EP 7415
DI 10.1167/iovs.10-6699
PG 10
WC Ophthalmology
SC Ophthalmology
GA 827YU
UT WOS:000295467200049
PM 21296819
ER

PT J
AU Coy, EB
   Danczyk, SA
AF Coy, Edward B.
   Danczyk, Stephen A.
TI Measurements of the Effectiveness of Concave Spherical Dimples for
   Enhancement Heat Transfer
SO JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE 45th Joint Propulsion Conference
CY AUG 03-05, 2009
CL Seattle, WA
SP AIAA, ASME, SAE, ASEE
ID FRICTION FACTORS; CHANNEL; SURFACE
AB Measurements of the heat transfer enhancement effects of concave spherical dimples have been performed under hydrogen-oxygen hot-fire conditions in a subscale combustion chamber. Seven configurations were tested with a range of area densities from 15-70% and depth-to-diameter ratios of 0.111 to 0.333. Enhancements of 15-82% relative to a smooth surface were measured. The Reynolds number was varied by a factor of 5 and was found to have an insignificant effect on the enhancement factor. Results correlated well with previous studies conducted under cold-flow conditions with similar values of area fraction, depth-to-diameter ratio, and channel height-to-dimple diameter. These results are suitable for use by analysts and designers considering the use of heat transfer enhancement features on hot-gas walls for example in the design of high-performing expander cycle engines. Concave spherical dimples may have advantages over other approaches for enhancing heat transfer, such as protruding ribs with respect to the integrity of the chamber wall and the efficiency of the heat transfer enhancement relative to the associated increase in skin friction.
C1 [Coy, Edward B.; Danczyk, Stephen A.] USAF, Res Lab, Aerophys Branch, Space & Missiles Prop Div,Prop Directorate, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA.
RP Coy, EB (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Aerophys Branch, Space & Missiles Prop Div,Prop Directorate, 10 E Saturn Blvd, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA.
NR 9
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0748-4658
J9 J PROPUL POWER
JI J. Propul. Power
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2011
VL 27
IS 5
BP 955
EP 958
DI 10.2514/1.B34255
PG 4
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 831CG
UT WOS:000295705700004
ER

PT J
AU Lester, LF
   Kovanis, V
   O'Reilly, EP
   Tohmori, Y
AF Lester, Luke F.
   Kovanis, Vassilios
   O'Reilly, Eoin P.
   Tohmori, Yuichi
TI Introduction to the Issue on Semiconductor Lasers-Part 1
SO IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Lester, Luke F.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA.
   [Kovanis, Vassilios] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [O'Reilly, Eoin P.] Univ Coll Cork, Tyndall Natl Inst, Cork, Ireland.
   [Tohmori, Yuichi] NTT Elect Corp, Photon Technol Dev Ctr, Kanagawa 2210031, Japan.
RP Lester, LF (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA.
EM luke@chtm.unm.edu; vassilios.kovanis@wpafb.af.mil;
   eoin.oreilly@tyndall.ie; tohmori-y@ntt-el.com
RI O'Reilly, Eoin/A-5329-2009
OI O'Reilly, Eoin/0000-0001-5537-2985
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 12
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1077-260X
J9 IEEE J SEL TOP QUANT
JI IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2011
VL 17
IS 5
BP 1136
EP 1137
DI 10.1109/JSTQE.2011.2160682
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA 829MK
UT WOS:000295586100001
ER

PT J
AU Baker, TW
   Quinn, JM
AF Baker, Troy W.
   Quinn, James M.
TI Aspirin therapy in aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease: A
   risk-benefit analysis for the practicing allergist
SO ALLERGY AND ASTHMA PROCEEDINGS
LA English
DT Review
ID NONSTEROIDAL ANTIINFLAMMATORY DRUGS; LOW-DOSE ASPIRIN;
   HELICOBACTER-PYLORI INFECTION; LONG-TERM TREATMENT; DOUBLE-BLIND;
   DESENSITIZATION-TREATMENT; RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; GASTROINTESTINAL
   TOXICITY; ASTHMATIC-PATIENTS; CONTROLLED TRIAL
AB This study was designed to investigate the risks associated with aspirin (ASA) therapy that is used in high doses for the treatment of ASA-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) and to review therapeutic strategies for the prevention of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) induced side effects. A PubMed search was performed using the key words "aspirin" and "adverse effects." Additional citations were generated by surveying the reference lists of the pulled articles. More than 120 articles were reviewed and references were selected based on their relevance to the subject matter. Prevalence rates of ASA hypersensitivity in the general population have been reported to be 0.6-2.5%. Asthmatic patients have higher rates of ASA hypersensitivity. The allergy/immunology specialty is unique in the use of prolonged high-dose ASA therapy for the treatment of AERD. ASA use is associated with an increased risk for the development of serious gastrointestinal (GI) events including GI bleeding, ulcers, and perforation. Established risk factors for GI ulcer development include advanced age, history of ulcer or GI bleed, concomitant use of corticosteroids or anticoagulants, high-dose ASA/NSAID therapy, and possibly concomitant Helicobacter pylori infection. Effective strategies to prevent GI complications include initiation of a proton pump inhibitor (PPI), misoprostol, or double dose H(2)-receptor antagonists (H(2)RAs) at the start of ASA therapy. Allergist/immunologists are involved in treatment decisions regarding high-dose ASA use in AERD. The primary risk of using ASA therapy is the development of GI complications. Cotherapy with a PPI, misoprostol, or double dose H2RAs can reduce GI complications associated with high-dose ASA therapy. (Allergy Asthma Proc 32:335-340, 2011; doi: 10.2500/aap.2011.32.3457)
C1 [Baker, Troy W.; Quinn, James M.] USAF, Wilford Hall Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX USA.
RP Baker, TW (reprint author), 59th MDG SG05A,2200 Bergquist Dr,Suite 1, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
EM troy.baker@us.af.mil
NR 47
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 2
PU OCEAN SIDE PUBLICATIONS INC
PI PROVIDENCE
PA 95 PITMAN ST, PROVIDENCE, RI 02906 USA
SN 1088-5412
J9 ALLERGY ASTHMA PROC
JI Allergy Asthma Proc.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2011
VL 32
IS 5
BP 335
EP 340
DI 10.2500/aap.2011.32.3457
PG 6
WC Allergy
SC Allergy
GA 828JN
UT WOS:000295497400002
PM 22195684
ER

PT J
AU Kuridze, D
   Mathioudakis, M
   Jess, DB
   Shelyag, S
   Christian, DJ
   Keenan, FP
   Balasubramaniam, KS
AF Kuridze, D.
   Mathioudakis, M.
   Jess, D. B.
   Shelyag, S.
   Christian, D. J.
   Keenan, F. P.
   Balasubramaniam, K. S.
TI Small-scale H alpha jets in the solar chromosphere
SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Sun: activity; Sun: chromosphere; Sun: faculae, plages; Sun:
   photosphere; Sun: surface magnetism
ID EMERGING FLUX REGION; ANEMONE JETS; SIPHON FLOW; RECONNECTION; SURGES;
   FIBRILS; EDGE
AB Aims. High temporal and spatial resolution observations from the Rapid Oscillations in the Solar Atmosphere (ROSA) multiwavelength imager on the Dunn Solar Telescope are used to study the velocities of small-scale H alpha jets in an emerging solar active region.
   Methods. The dataset comprises simultaneous imaging in the H alpha core, Ca II K, and G band, together with photospheric line-of-sight magnetograms. Time-distance techniques are employed to determine projected plane-of-sky velocities.
   Results. The H alpha images are highly dynamic in nature, with estimated jet velocities as high as 45 km s(-1). These jets are one-directional, with their origin seemingly linked to underlying Ca II K brightenings and G-band magnetic bright points.
   Conclusions. It is suggested that the siphon flow model of cool coronal loops is suitable for interpreting our observations. The jets are associated with small-scale explosive events, and may provide a mass outflow from the photosphere to the corona.
C1 [Kuridze, D.; Mathioudakis, M.; Jess, D. B.; Shelyag, S.; Keenan, F. P.] Queens Univ Belfast, Astrophys Res Ctr, Sch Math & Phys, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland.
   [Christian, D. J.] Calif State Univ Northridge, Dept Phys & Astron, Northridge, CA 91330 USA.
   [Balasubramaniam, K. S.] USAF, Res Lab, Sunspot, NM 88349 USA.
RP Kuridze, D (reprint author), Queens Univ Belfast, Astrophys Res Ctr, Sch Math & Phys, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland.
EM dkuridze01@qub.ac.uk
OI Jess, David/0000-0002-9155-8039
FU Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC); Air Force Office of
   Scientific Research, Air Force Material Command, USAF [FA8655-09-13085]
FX Observations were obtained at the National Solar Observatory, operated
   by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc (AURA)
   under agreement with the National Science Foundation. This work is
   supported by the Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), with
   D.B.J. particularly grateful for the award of an STFC post-doctoral
   fellowship. We thank the Air Force Office of Scientific Research, Air
   Force Material Command, USAF for sponsorship under grant number
   FA8655-09-13085.
NR 22
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 2
PU EDP SCIENCES S A
PI LES ULIS CEDEX A
PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A,
   FRANCE
SN 0004-6361
J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS
JI Astron. Astrophys.
PD SEP
PY 2011
VL 533
DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201117427
PG 5
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 823ZN
UT WOS:000295168100076
ER

PT J
AU Posgai, R
   Cipolla-McCulloch, CB
   Murphy, KR
   Hussain, SM
   Rowe, JJ
   Nielsen, MG
AF Posgai, Ryan
   Cipolla-McCulloch, Caitlin B.
   Murphy, Kyle R.
   Hussain, Saber M.
   Rowe, John J.
   Nielsen, Mark G.
TI Differential toxicity of silver and titanium dioxide nanoparticles on
   Drosophila melanogaster development, reproductive effort, and viability:
   Size, coatings and antioxidants matter
SO CHEMOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
DE Silver nanoparticles; Titanium dioxide nanoparticles; Nanoparticle
   coating; Oxidative stress; Drosophila; Vitamin C
ID OXIDATIVE STRESS; DNA-DAMAGE; CELLS; MODEL; PARTICLES; DISEASE
AB Silver and titanium dioxide nanoparticles are known to induce oxidative stress in vitro and in vivo. Here we test if they impact development, mating success, and survivorship in Drosophila melanogaster, and if so, if these effects are reversible by antioxidants. Ingestion of nanotitanium dioxide during the larval stage of the life cycle showed no effects on development or survivorship, up to doses of 200 mu g mL(-1) Conversely, ingestion of nanosilver had major dose, size, and coating-dependent effects on each of these aspects of life history. Each of these effects was partially or fully reversible by vitamin C. Larvae growing on nanosilver supplemented with vitamin C showed a greater than twofold increase in survivorship compared to flies reared on nanosilver alone, and a threefold increase in mating success. Vitamin C also rescued cuticular and pigmentation defects in nanosilver fed flies. Biochemical assays of superoxide dismutase and glutathione show these markers respond to nanotitanium dioxide and nanosilver induced oxidative stress, and this response is reduced by vitamin C. These results indicate that life history effects of nanosilver ingestion result from oxidative stress, and suggest antioxidants as a potential remediation for nanosilver toxicity. Conversely, the lack of nanotitanium dioxide life history toxicity shows that oxidative stress does not necessarily result in whole organism effects, and argues that nanoparticle toxicity needs to be examined at different levels of biological organization. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Posgai, Ryan; Cipolla-McCulloch, Caitlin B.; Murphy, Kyle R.; Rowe, John J.; Nielsen, Mark G.] Univ Dayton, Dept Biol, Ctr Tissue Regenerat & Engn, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
   [Hussain, Saber M.] USAF, Appl Biotechnol Branch, Human Effectiveness Directorate, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Nielsen, MG (reprint author), Univ Dayton, Dept Biol, Ctr Tissue Regenerat & Engn, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
EM Mark.Nielsen@notes.udayton.edu
FU National Science Foundation [CBET-0833953]; Department of Defense
   Consortium
FX This work was funded by National Science Foundation Grant CBET-0833953,
   and the Department of Defense Consortium Research Fellows Program. The
   work was conducted under a CRADA agreement with WPAFB in a shared
   UD/AFRL laboratory. The authors would also like to thank Mr. Timothy
   Gorey and Mr. Andrew Lewis from the University of Dayton for help with
   nanoparticle characterization and statistics respectively.
NR 35
TC 40
Z9 41
U1 0
U2 33
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0045-6535
J9 CHEMOSPHERE
JI Chemosphere
PD SEP
PY 2011
VL 85
IS 1
BP 34
EP 42
DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.06.040
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 825UO
UT WOS:000295307800006
PM 21733543
ER

PT J
AU Doman, DB
   Tang, CP
   Regisford, S
AF Doman, David B.
   Tang, Chin Pei
   Regisford, Sean
TI Modeling Interactions Between Flexible Flapping-Wing Spars, Mechanisms,
   and Drive Motors
SO JOURNAL OF GUIDANCE CONTROL AND DYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT AIAA Guidance, Navigation, and Control Conference
CY AUG 08-13, 2011
CL Portland, OR
SP AIAA
ID MICRO AIR VEHICLES; BIOMIMETIC ROBOTIC INSECTS; ANIMAL FLIGHT; DESIGN;
   STABILITY
AB A system of dynamical equations is presented that allow micro air vehicle ornithopter designers to match drive motors to loads produced by flexible flapping-wing spars. The model can be used to examine the coupled system-level behavior of brushed de motors, gear trains, and any number of linkages and flexible wing spars. A Lagrangian approach is used to derive the governing differential equations of motion for a class of ornithopter drive systems. Methods used to determine parametric constants contributing to generalized force components, which cannot be derived from first principles, are described. An example is presented where simulation results are compared with experimental measurements. The results show that the differential equations correctly predict major trends in observed motor speed and wing spar structural deformation over the course of each wingbeat. The results show that when pairing flight-weight motors and wings, significant variations in drive-motor speed occur throughout each wingbeat. It is shown that coupling between motor speed, wing loads, and structural flexibility cause the aerodynamic forces encountered by the wing spars to depart from those predicted by rigid-spar and constant-velocity-motor-based kinematic simulations.
C1 [Doman, David B.; Regisford, Sean] USAF, Res Lab, Control Design & Anal Branch, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Tang, Chin Pei] Univ Texas Dallas, Erik Jonsson Sch Engn & Comp Sci, Richardson, TX 75080 USA.
RP Doman, DB (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Control Design & Anal Branch, 2210 8th St,Suite 21, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM David.Doman@wpafb.af.mil; cptang@gmail.com; Sean.Regisford@wpafb.af.mil
NR 30
TC 9
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 8
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0731-5090
J9 J GUID CONTROL DYNAM
JI J. Guid. Control Dyn.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2011
VL 34
IS 5
BP 1457
EP 1473
DI 10.2514/1.53083
PG 17
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA 825BZ
UT WOS:000295247200014
ER

PT J
AU Ball, DW
AF Ball, David W.
TI The Baseline Maxwell's Equations, Part III
SO SPECTROSCOPY
LA English
DT Article
AB This is the third part of a multipart series on Maxwell's equations of electromagnetism. The discussion leading up to the first equation got so long that we had to separate it into two parts. However, the ultimate goal of the series is a definitive explanation of these four equations; readers will be left to judge how definitive it is. As a reminder, figures are being numbered sequentially throughout this series, which is why the first figure in this column is Figure 16. I hope this does not cause confusion. Another note: this is going to get a bit mathematical. It can't be helped: models of the physical universe, like Newton's second law F = ma, are based in math. So are Maxwell's equations.
C1 [Ball, David W.] Cleveland State Univ, Cleveland, OH 44115 USA.
RP Ball, DW (reprint author), USAF Acad, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
EM d.ball@csuohio.edu
NR 5
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 2
PU ADVANSTAR COMMUNICATIONS INC
PI DULUTH
PA 131 W 1ST STREET, DULUTH, MN 55802 USA
SN 0887-6703
J9 SPECTROSCOPY-US
JI Spectroscopy
PD SEP
PY 2011
VL 26
IS 9
BP 18
EP 27
PG 10
WC Spectroscopy
SC Spectroscopy
GA 825WJ
UT WOS:000295312500002
ER

PT J
AU Polito, AB
   Ruffing, NK
   Pelletier, JR
AF Polito, A. B.
   Ruffing, N. K.
   Pelletier, J. R.
TI Frequency of High Titer Anti-A and/or Anti-B in Plateletpheresis Units
SO TRANSFUSION
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT AABB Annual Meeting and CTTXPO
CY OCT 22-25, 2011
CL San Diego, CA
SP AABB
C1 [Polito, A. B.; Ruffing, N. K.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Clin Lab, San Antonio, TX USA.
EM anthony.polito@us.af.mil
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0041-1132
J9 TRANSFUSION
JI Transfusion
PD SEP
PY 2011
VL 51
SU 3
SI SI
BP 119A
EP 120A
PG 2
WC Hematology
SC Hematology
GA 822YC
UT WOS:000295085500297
ER

PT J
AU Magree, D
   Black, J
   Jennings, A
   Briggs, G
   Allen, C
AF Magree, Daniel
   Black, Jonathan
   Jennings, Alan
   Briggs, Gregory
   Allen, Chris
TI Pan-Tilt-Zoom Hybrid Camera System for Dynamic Tracking and Measurement
SO AIAA JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID VIDEOGRAMMETRY; PHOTOGRAMMETRY; UNCERTAINTY
AB Noncontact measurements of lightweight flexible aerospace structures present several challenges. Objects are usually mounted on a test stand, because current noncontact measurement techniques require that the net motion of the object be zero. However, it is often desirable to take measurements of the object under operational conditions, and in the case of miniature aerial vehicles and deploying space structures, the test article will undergo significant translational motion. This paper describes a hybrid noncontact metrology system that will enable measurement of structural kinematics of an object freely moving about a volume. By using a real-time videogrammetry system, a set of pan-tilt-zoom cameras is coordinated to track large-scale net motion and produce high-speed high-quality images for photogrammetric surface reconstruction. The design of the system is presented in detail. A method of generating the calibration parameters for the pan-tilt-zoom cameras using curve tits is presented, and it is shown to produce results approximately half the precision of optimized calibration. It is shown how object size and speed determines tracking accuracy and object resolution. Finally, an example of surface reconstruction of a moving object is presented.
C1 [Magree, Daniel; Black, Jonathan; Jennings, Alan; Briggs, Gregory; Allen, Chris] USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Magree, D (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, 2950 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RI Black, Jonathan/R-4875-2016
OI Black, Jonathan/0000-0001-9315-3994
NR 39
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0001-1452
J9 AIAA J
JI AIAA J.
PD SEP
PY 2011
VL 49
IS 9
BP 1988
EP 1999
DI 10.2514/1.J050990
PG 12
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 824MX
UT WOS:000295207100015
ER

PT J
AU Cleaver, DJ
   Wang, Z
   Gursul, I
   Visbal, MR
AF Cleaver, D. J.
   Wang, Z.
   Gursul, I.
   Visbal, M. R.
TI Lift Enhancement by Means of Small-Amplitude Airfoil Oscillations at Low
   Reynolds Numbers
SO AIAA JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT AIAA 39th Fluid Dynamics Conference and Exhibit
CY JUN 22-25, 2009
CL San Antonio, TX
SP AIAA, US AF Off Sci Res (AFOSR), AF Mat Command
ID PLUNGING AIRFOIL; FLOW-CONTROL; SEPARATION CONTROL; LOW-FREQUENCY;
   WINGS; AERODYNAMICS; SIMULATION; CHALLENGES; VEHICLES; SCHEMES
AB Force and particle image velocimetry measurements were conducted on a NACA 0012 airfoil undergoing small-amplitude sinusoidal plunge oscillations at a poststall angle of attack and Reynolds number of 10,000. With increasing frequency of oscillation, lift increases and drag decreases due to the leading-edge vortices shed and convected over the suction surface of the airfoil. Within this regime, the lift coefficient increases approximately linearly with the normalized plunge velocity. Local maxima occur in the lift coefficient due to the resonance with the most unstable wake frequency, its subharmonic and first harmonic, producing the most efficient conditions for high-lift generation. At higher frequencies, a second mode of flowfield occurs. The leading-edge vortex remains nearer the leading edge of the airfoil and loses its coherency through impingement with the upward-moving airfoil. To capture this impingement process, high-fidelity computational simulations were performed that showed the highly transitional nature of the flow and a strong interaction between the upper and lower-surface vortices. A sudden loss of lift may also occur at high frequencies for larger amplitudes in this mode.
C1 [Cleaver, D. J.; Wang, Z.; Gursul, I.] Univ Bath, Dept Mech Engn, Bath BA2 7AY, Avon, England.
   [Visbal, M. R.] USAF, Res Lab, Computat Sci Branch, Air Vehicles Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Cleaver, DJ (reprint author), Univ Bath, Dept Mech Engn, Bath BA2 7AY, Avon, England.
RI Cleaver, David/H-1775-2016
OI Cleaver, David/0000-0003-1467-3890
NR 40
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 1
U2 15
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0001-1452
J9 AIAA J
JI AIAA J.
PD SEP
PY 2011
VL 49
IS 9
BP 2018
EP 2033
DI 10.2514/1.J051014
PG 16
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 824MX
UT WOS:000295207100017
ER

PT J
AU White, JM
   Cannon, JW
   Stannard, A
   Markov, NP
   Spencer, JR
   Rasmussen, TE
AF White, Joseph M.
   Cannon, Jeremy W.
   Stannard, Adam
   Markov, Nickolay P.
   Spencer, Jerry R.
   Rasmussen, Todd E.
TI Endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta is superior to resuscitative
   thoracotomy with aortic clamping in a porcine model of hemorrhagic shock
SO SURGERY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 6th Annual Academic Surgical Congress
CY FEB 01-03, 2011
CL Huntington Beach, CA
SP Assoc Acad Surg (AAS), Soc Univ Surg (SUS)
ID EMERGENCY-DEPARTMENT THORACOTOMY; CARDIOPULMONARY-RESUSCITATION;
   ANEURYSMS; SURVIVAL; OUTCOMES
AB Background. Noncompressible torso hemorrhage is the leading Cause of potentially preventable death on the modern battlefield. The objective of this study is to characterize resuscitative aortic balloon occlusion (BO) compared to thoracotomy with aortic clamping in a model of hemorrhagic shock.
   Methods. A total of 18 swine (3 groups; 6 animals/group) were used in this study. Swine in class IV shock underwent no aortic occlusion (NO), thoracotomy and clamp occlusion (CO), or endovascular BO. Animals in the NO group underwent direct placement of a temporary vascular shunt (TVS) at the injury site, whereas animals in the CO and BO groups underwent aortic occlusion before TVS placement. Hemodynamic and physiologic measures were collected.
   Results. The central aortic pressure, carotid blood flow and brain oxygenation as measured by oximetry increased in the CO and BO groups compared to the NO group (P < .05). During resuscitation, the BO group was less acidotic than the CO group (pH, 7.35 vs 7.24; P < .05) with a lower serum lactate level (4.27 vs 6.55; P < .05) and pCO2 level (43.5 vs 49.9; P < .05). During resuscitation, the BO group required less fluid (667 mL vs 2,166 mL; P < .05) and norepinephrine (0 mcg vs 52.1 mcg; P < .05) than the CO group.
   Conclusion. Resuscitative aortic BO increases central perfusion pressures with less physiologic disturbance than thoracotomy with aortic clamping in a model of hemorrhagic shock. Endovascular BO of the aorta should be explored further as an option in the management of noncompressible torso hemorrhage. (Surgery 2011;150:400-9.)
C1 [White, Joseph M.; Cannon, Jeremy W.; Stannard, Adam; Markov, Nickolay P.; Spencer, Jerry R.; Rasmussen, Todd E.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA.
   [Stannard, Adam] Royal Ctr Def Med, Acad Dept Mil Surg & Trauma, Birmingham, W Midlands, England.
   [Cannon, Jeremy W.; Rasmussen, Todd E.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Norman M Rich Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
RP Rasmussen, TE (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3400 Rawley E Chambers,Suite B, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78236 USA.
EM todd.rasmussen@amedd.army.mil
NR 26
TC 59
Z9 60
U1 0
U2 4
PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0039-6060
J9 SURGERY
JI Surgery
PD SEP
PY 2011
VL 150
IS 3
BP 400
EP 409
DI 10.1016/j.surg.2011.06.010
PG 10
WC Surgery
SC Surgery
GA 823FQ
UT WOS:000295108300005
PM 21878225
ER

PT J
AU McCleskey, PE
AF McCleskey, Patrick E.
TI Dermatitis to FD&C Yellow No. 6 Dye in Orange Antiseptic Solution
SO ARCHIVES OF DERMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Letter
ID CONTACT-DERMATITIS; ALLERGY
C1 David Grant Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Travis AFB, CA 94535 USA.
RP McCleskey, PE (reprint author), David Grant Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, 101 Bodin Circle, Travis AFB, CA 94535 USA.
EM Patrick.mccleskey@us.af.mil
NR 9
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC
PI CHICAGO
PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA
SN 0003-987X
J9 ARCH DERMATOL
JI Arch. Dermatol.
PD SEP
PY 2011
VL 147
IS 9
BP 1124
EP 1125
PG 2
WC Dermatology
SC Dermatology
GA 821WD
UT WOS:000295004200034
PM 21931066
ER

PT J
AU Beachkofsky, TM
   Henning, JS
   Hivnor, CM
AF Beachkofsky, Thomas M.
   Henning, J. Scott
   Hivnor, Chad M.
TI Induction of De Novo Hair Regeneration in Scars After Fractionated
   Carbon Dioxide Laser Therapy in Three Patients
SO DERMATOLOGIC SURGERY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID NEOGENESIS; SKIN
C1 [Henning, J. Scott; Hivnor, Chad M.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
   [Beachkofsky, Thomas M.] US AF, Kunsan Air Base, Kunsan, South Korea.
RP Hivnor, CM (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, 59 MDW SG05D Dermatol,2200 Berquist Dr,Ste 1, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
EM chad.hivnor@lackland.af.mil
NR 12
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 3
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1076-0512
J9 DERMATOL SURG
JI Dermatol. Surg.
PD SEP
PY 2011
VL 37
IS 9
BP 1365
EP 1368
DI 10.1111/j.1524-4725.2011.01934.x
PG 4
WC Dermatology; Surgery
SC Dermatology; Surgery
GA 819CZ
UT WOS:000294804300026
PM 21492302
ER

PT J
AU Baginski, TA
   Dean, RN
   Wild, EJ
AF Baginski, Thomas A.
   Dean, Robert Neal
   Wild, Edwin J.
TI Micromachined Planar Triggered Spark Gap Switch
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMPONENTS PACKAGING AND MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE High speed; high voltage switch; low parasitic impedance; low turn-on
   voltage; microelectromechanical systems
ID DEVICE; MODEL
AB High voltage switches capable of operating at high speeds with high current levels are used in a variety of applications in commercial and government systems. This paper discusses the fabrication and characterization of a novel micromachined planar triggered spark gap switch. The switch provides a low cost alternative to conventional triggered spark gap switches. The structure is designed for direct integration into the strip-line geometries used in a conventional capacitive discharge unit. The geometry of the device was selected to minimize parasitic impedances associated with conventional firing circuits.
C1 [Baginski, Thomas A.; Dean, Robert Neal] Auburn Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.
   [Wild, Edwin J.] USAF, AF Res Lab, Eglin AFB, FL 32542 USA.
RP Baginski, TA (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.
EM baginta@eng.auburn.edu; deanron@auburn.edu; Edwin.Wild@eglin.af.mil
NR 27
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 2
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 2156-3950
J9 IEEE T COMP PACK MAN
JI IEEE Trans. Compon. Pack. Manuf. Technol.
PD SEP
PY 2011
VL 1
IS 9
BP 1480
EP 1485
DI 10.1109/TCPMT.2011.2142399
PG 6
WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic;
   Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA 821ZB
UT WOS:000295011900021
ER

PT J
AU Brant, AT
   Yang, S
   Giles, NC
   Halliburton, LE
AF Brant, A. T.
   Yang, Shan
   Giles, N. C.
   Halliburton, L. E.
TI Hydrogen donors and Ti(3+) ions in reduced TiO(2) crystals
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID ELECTRON-SPIN-RESONANCE; RUTILE TIO2; DEUTERIUM; DEFECTS; SPECTRA
AB Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and electron-nuclear double resonance (ENDOR) are used to identify and characterize the neutral hydrogen donor in TiO(2) crystals having the rutile structure. These spectra are best observed near 5 K. The neutral donors are present without photoexcitation in crystals that have been slightly reduced at high temperature in a nitrogen atmosphere. The same defects can be photoinduced at low temperature in oxidized crystals. The neutral hydrogen donor in this lattice consists of a substitutional Ti(3+) ion adjacent to a substitutional OH(-) molecular ion. The axis of the OH(-) molecule lies in the basal plane with the hydrogen ion extending out from the oxygen in a direction perpendicular to the Ti-O bonds. Spin-Hamiltonian parameters are obtained from the angular dependence of the EPR and ENDOR spectra (principal values are 1.9732, 1.9765, and 1.9405 for the g matrix and -0.401, + 0.616, and -0.338 MHz for the (1)H hyperfine matrix). The principal axis associated with the + 0.616 MHz principal value is in the basal plane 22.9 degrees from a [110] direction and the principal axis associated with the -0.338 MHz principal value is along the [001] direction. Our results show that interstitial Ti(3+) ions are not the dominant shallow donors in slightly reduced TiO2 (rutile) crystals. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3630964]
C1 [Brant, A. T.; Yang, Shan; Halliburton, L. E.] W Virginia Univ, Dept Phys, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
   [Giles, N. C.] USAF, Dept Engn Phys, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Halliburton, LE (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, Dept Phys, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
EM Larry.Halliburton@mail.wvu.edu
RI Yang, Shan /F-5020-2012
NR 30
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 1
U2 28
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
   MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD SEP 1
PY 2011
VL 110
IS 5
AR 053714
DI 10.1063/1.3630964
PG 7
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 821IP
UT WOS:000294968600077
ER

PT J
AU Tondiglia, VT
   Natarajan, LV
   Bailey, CA
   Duning, MM
   Sutherland, RL
   Ke-Yang, D
   Voevodin, A
   White, TJ
   Bunning, TJ
AF Tondiglia, V. T.
   Natarajan, L. V.
   Bailey, C. A.
   Duning, M. M.
   Sutherland, R. L.
   Ke-Yang, Deng
   Voevodin, A.
   White, T. J.
   Bunning, T. J.
TI Electrically induced bandwidth broadening in polymer stabilized
   cholesteric liquid crystals
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID HOMEOTROPIC NEMATIC LAYERS; REFLECTIVE POLARIZERS; LIGHT; DEFORMATIONS;
   BAND; COMPOSITES; NETWORKS; PITCH; GELS
AB The reflection notch bandwidth of a cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC), equal to the product of the liquid crystal (LC) birefringence (Delta n), and the pitch length (p(o)), is typically on the order of 50-100 nm in the visible portion of the electromagnetic spectrum. Static bandwidths greater than 100 nm can be observed in CLCs that possess a pitch gradient throughout the thickness of the cell. In this work, we report on polymer stabilized CLC (PSCLC) systems that exhibit electrically controllable, dynamic bandwidths governed by the strength of a direct current (DC) electric field applied across the sample. Symmetric notch broadening which increases linearly with field and reaches a maximum value at 4 V/mu m is observed. Removal of the field returns the PSCLC cell to its original optical properties. A seven fold increase in bandwidth was observed for 22 mu m thick cells which contained LCs with a small birefringence (similar to 0.04). A variety of CLC mixtures with small positive or negative dielectric anisotropies are shown to exhibit this reversible dynamic bandwidth broadening. The magnitude of the effect was dependent on the amount of polymer stabilization controlled by initial monomer content. The underlying mechanism is partially elucidated by examining cells simultaneously in transmission and reflection and observing differences when modulating the DC polarity across the cell. Different mechanisms for the observed effects are discussed in terms of consistency with our experimental results. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3632068]
C1 [Bailey, C. A.; Duning, M. M.; Voevodin, A.; White, T. J.; Bunning, T. J.] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Tondiglia, V. T.; Natarajan, L. V.] Sci Applicat Int Corp, Dayton, OH 45431 USA.
   [Sutherland, R. L.] Mt Vernon Nazarene Univ, Mt Vernon, OH 43050 USA.
   [Ke-Yang, Deng] Kent State Univ, Chem Phys Interdisciplinary Program, Kent, OH 44242 USA.
   [Ke-Yang, Deng] Kent State Univ, Inst Liquid Crystal, Kent, OH 44242 USA.
RP Bunning, TJ (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM timothy.bunning@wpafb.af.mil
RI White, Timothy/D-4392-2012
NR 30
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 2
U2 25
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
   MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD SEP 1
PY 2011
VL 110
IS 5
AR 053109
DI 10.1063/1.3632068
PG 8
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 821IP
UT WOS:000294968600030
ER

PT J
AU Murphy, S
AF Murphy, Sean
TI Military Health Engagement-Lest We Forget
SO MILITARY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 HQ PACA FSG, Hickam AFB, HI USA.
RP Murphy, S (reprint author), HQ PACA FSG, Hickam AFB, HI USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US
PI BETHESDA
PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0026-4075
J9 MIL MED
JI Milit. Med.
PD SEP
PY 2011
VL 176
IS 9
BP 967
EP 967
PG 1
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 821KU
UT WOS:000294974700002
PM 21987949
ER

PT J
AU Eaton, M
   Marshall, SW
   Fujimoto, S
   Gould, PL
   Poole, C
   Richardson, DB
AF Eaton, Melinda
   Marshall, Stephen W.
   Fujimoto, Scott
   Gould, Philip L.
   Poole, Charles
   Richardson, David B.
TI Review of Non-Battle Injuries in Air Force Personnel Deployed in Support
   of Operation Enduring Freedom and Operation Iraqi Freedom
SO MILITARY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID ORTHOPEDIC INJURIES
AB This study examines non-battle injuries among U.S. Air Force members deployed during Operations Iraqi and Enduring Freedom. A cohort of 275,843 Active Duty, Guard, and Reserve members were identified for the period September 11, 2001 through October 31, 2006. Data on injuries were obtained from electronic medical records and deployment time was obtained from manpower records. Poisson regression was used to estimate adjusted incidence rate ratios (IRRs). The most common non-battle injuries were sprains and strains (53%) followed by open wounds (27%). Guard and Reserve members tended to have a lower rate of orthopedic non-battle injuries than Active Duty members in crude analyses and after adjustment for age, previous deployment, sex, race/ethnicity, and occupation (IRR = 0.95; 95% Cl = 0.89-1.02 and IRR = 0.85; 95% CI = 0.77-0.93). Results from this study are intended to facilitate further research of potential differences between Air Force components to reduce non-battle injuries in a deployed environment.
C1 [Eaton, Melinda] USAF, Epidemiol Consult Serv, Sch Aerosp Med, Kettering, OH 45420 USA.
   [Marshall, Stephen W.; Poole, Charles; Richardson, David B.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
   [Fujimoto, Scott] Ctr Hlth Stat, Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Off Hlth Informat & Res, Sacramento, CA 95899 USA.
   [Gould, Philip L.] Air Force Med Support Agcy AFMSA SG3PB, Div Publ Hlth & Prevent Med, Arlington, VA 22209 USA.
RP Eaton, M (reprint author), USAF, Epidemiol Consult Serv, Sch Aerosp Med, 1050 Forrer Blvd, Kettering, OH 45420 USA.
OI Marshall, Stephen/0000-0002-2664-9233
NR 21
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US
PI BETHESDA
PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0026-4075
J9 MIL MED
JI Milit. Med.
PD SEP
PY 2011
VL 176
IS 9
BP 1007
EP 1014
PG 8
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 821KU
UT WOS:000294974700011
PM 21987958
ER

PT J
AU Chambers, JA
AF Chambers, James A.
TI The Rise of Chinese Military Medicine: Opportunity for Mercy Ship, not
   Gunboat, Diplomacy
SO MILITARY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID GLOBAL HEALTH; SYSTEM; CARE
AB Recent exchanges between the United States and China at the presidential and cabinet level have emphasized the need for an enhanced military-to-military relationship to further mutual understanding and promote cooperation. This article explores the historic context of military medical relations between the two nations as well as the rationale and opportunities for increased interaction through medical diplomacy. Specific areas for potential collaboration are discussed with recommendations for future action.
C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA.
RP Chambers, JA (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, 59th Surg Specialty Squadron,2200 Bergquist Dr,La, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA.
NR 64
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 5
PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US
PI BETHESDA
PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0026-4075
J9 MIL MED
JI Milit. Med.
PD SEP
PY 2011
VL 176
IS 9
BP 1043
EP 1050
PG 8
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 821KU
UT WOS:000294974700017
PM 21987964
ER

PT J
AU Dickson, SD
   Alter, SJ
AF Dickson, Scott D.
   Alter, Sherman J.
TI Cutaneous Gonococcal Abscess of the Abdomen in a Child
SO PEDIATRIC EMERGENCY CARE
LA English
DT Article
DE Neisseria gonorrhoeae; abscess; skin; cutaneous
ID NEISSERIA-GONORRHOEAE; INFECTION; INFANTS
AB Virtually all pediatric cases of Neisseria gonorrhoeae originate from contact with an infected adult. A cutaneous abscess caused by N. gonorrhoeae in a child is extremely rare, especially outside the genital area. We report a case of a 22-month-old boy with a gonococcal cutaneous abscess on the abdominal wall and suggest that N. gonorrhoeae should be included in the differential diagnosis of skin and soft tissue infections in children.
C1 [Dickson, Scott D.] Dept Allergy & Immunol, San Antonio, TX USA.
   [Alter, Sherman J.] Childrens Med Ctr Dayton, Div Infect Dis, Dayton, OH USA.
   [Alter, Sherman J.] Wright State Univ, Boonschoft Sch Med, Dayton, OH 45435 USA.
RP Dickson, SD (reprint author), Dept Allergy & Immunol, 2200 Bergquist Dr,Suite 1, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
EM scott.dickson.5@us.af.mil
NR 15
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0749-5161
J9 PEDIATR EMERG CARE
JI Pediatr. Emerg. Care
PD SEP
PY 2011
VL 27
IS 9
BP 863
EP 864
DI 10.1097/PEC.0b013e31822c2882
PG 2
WC Emergency Medicine; Pediatrics
SC Emergency Medicine; Pediatrics
GA 821SU
UT WOS:000294995500015
PM 21926887
ER

PT J
AU Baker, TW
   Webber, CM
   Stolfi, A
   Gonzalez-Reyes, E
AF Baker, Troy W.
   Webber, Christopher M.
   Stolfi, Adrienne
   Gonzalez-Reyes, Erika
TI The TEN study: time epinephrine needs to reach muscle
SO ANNALS OF ALLERGY ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID ANAPHYLAXIS; FOOD; CHILDREN; DELIVERY; ALLERGY; EPIPEN; LENGTH
AB Background: An epinephrine autoinjector (EAI) is designed to deliver epinephrine into the vastus lateralis muscle. Several studies have demonstrated both patient and physician difficulties in correctly using EAIs, specifically premature removal of the device from the thigh.
   Objective: To evaluate the correlation between duration of injection with an EAT and amount of epinephrine absorbed into muscle tissue.
   Methods: Twenty-one EAI devices (0.3 mL) were used to determine the amount of epinephrine injected into marbleized beef during 7 time periods. A digital scale was used to record preinjection and postinjection weights of EAIs and beef. The weight difference between the preinjection and postinjection periods of the EAIs was used to calculate the total amount of epinephrine released and available for absorption into the marbleized beef. The difference between the preinjection and postinjection beef weight was used to determine the amount of epinephrine absorbed into the meat.
   Results: The correlation with duration of injection for both the amount of epinephrine absorbed and released was 0.321 (P = .48). At all intervals, 95.9% or more of epinephrine was absorbed into the marbleized beef. The correlation with duration of injection and percent of epinephrine absorbed was 0.464 (P = .29). There were no time periods that were significantly different from the percentage of epinephrine absorbed by the marbleized beef at 10 seconds (analysis of variance P = .16).
   Conclusion: No linear relationship between time and amount of epinephrine injected or absorbed into muscle tissue was demonstrated. These data suggest that holding the device in place for 1 second is as effective as 10 seconds. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2011;107:235-238.
C1 [Baker, Troy W.; Webber, Christopher M.; Gonzalez-Reyes, Erika] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Div Allergy & Immunol, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA.
   [Stolfi, Adrienne] Wright State Univ, Dept Pediat, Dayton, OH 45435 USA.
RP Baker, TW (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Div Allergy & Immunol, Dept Med, 2200 Bergquist Dr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA.
EM troy.baker@us.af.mil
NR 19
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 1081-1206
J9 ANN ALLERG ASTHMA IM
JI Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol.
PD SEP
PY 2011
VL 107
IS 3
BP 235
EP 238
DI 10.1016/j.anai.2011.06.001
PG 4
WC Allergy; Immunology
SC Allergy; Immunology
GA 820CF
UT WOS:000294882400011
PM 21875542
ER

PT J
AU Akdim, B
   Pachter, R
AF Akdim, Brahim
   Pachter, Ruth
TI Bandgap Tuning of a (6,6) Boron Nitride Nanotube by Analyte
   Physisorption and Application of a Transverse Electric Field: A DFT
   Study
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NANOTECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Bandgap; density functional theory; molecular adsorption; sensors;
   single-wall boron nitride nanotube
ID STONE-WALES DEFECTS; INTRINSIC DEFECTS; ADSORPTION; FUNCTIONALIZATION;
   REACTIVITY; MOLECULES
AB We report on the feasibility of modulating the electronic bandgap of boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) by sidewall physisorption and application of a transverse electric field. In this paper, we extended our analysis to analytes with varying degrees of NO(2) substitution, in comparison to 2,4,6-trinitroluene (2,4,6-TNT), on which we previously reported. Our first-principles calculations suggest that the bandgap of BNNT can be modified by weak adsorption due to the presence of impurity states inside the gap of the host system. The application of a transverse electric field on the adsorbed systems is found to further modify the bandgap, by shifting the unoccupied states of the adsorbents toward the filled states of the host system. Effects of the NO(2) groups on the binding energies of the analytes at the surface of BNNT and on bandgap modification are outlined in this paper.
C1 [Akdim, Brahim; Pachter, Ruth] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45422 USA.
   [Akdim, Brahim] Gen Dynam Informat Technol Inc, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
RP Akdim, B (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45422 USA.
EM brahim.akdim@wpafb.af.mil; ruth.pachter@wpafb.af.mil
NR 35
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 19
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1536-125X
J9 IEEE T NANOTECHNOL
JI IEEE Trans. Nanotechnol.
PD SEP
PY 2011
VL 10
IS 5
BP 1089
EP 1092
DI 10.1109/TNANO.2011.2107917
PG 4
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology;
   Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
   Physics
GA 819VS
UT WOS:000294860800027
ER

PT J
AU Singh, ARP
   Nag, S
   Hwang, JY
   Viswanathan, GB
   Tiley, J
   Srinivasan, R
   Fraser, HL
   Banerjee, R
AF Singh, A. R. P.
   Nag, S.
   Hwang, J. Y.
   Viswanathan, G. B.
   Tiley, J.
   Srinivasan, R.
   Fraser, H. L.
   Banerjee, R.
TI Influence of cooling rate on the development of multiple generations of
   gamma ' precipitates in a commercial nickel base superalloy
SO MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Nickel base superalloy; Energy-filtered transmission; electron
   microscopy; Atom probe tomography; Gamma prime
ID 3-DIMENSIONAL ATOM-PROBE; SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS; VOLUME FRACTIONS; ALLOYS;
   TOMOGRAPHY; EVOLUTION; MODEL
AB The compositional and microstructural evolution of different generations of gamma' precipitates during the continuous cooling of a commercial nickel base superalloy, Rene88DT, has been characterized by three dimensional atom probe tomography coupled with energy-filtered transmission electron microscopy studies. After solutionizing in the single gamma phase field, continuous cooling at a very high rate results in a monomodal size distribution of gamma' precipitates with a high nucleation density and non-equilibrium compositions. In contrast, a relatively slower cooling rate (similar to 24 degrees C/min) results in a multi-modal size distribution of gamma' precipitates with he larger first generation primary precipitates exhibiting close to equilibrium composition, along with the smaller scale secondary gamma' precipitates, exhibiting non-equilibrium composition (excess of Co and Cr, depleted in Al and Ti). The composition of the gamma matrix near these precipitates also exhibits similar trends with the composition being closer to equilibrium near the primary precipitates as compared to the secondary precipitates. (c) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Singh, A. R. P.; Nag, S.; Hwang, J. Y.; Banerjee, R.] Univ N Texas, Ctr Adv Res & Technol, Denton, TX 76203 USA.
   [Singh, A. R. P.; Nag, S.; Hwang, J. Y.; Banerjee, R.] Univ N Texas, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Denton, TX 76203 USA.
   [Viswanathan, G. B.; Tiley, J.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Dayton, OH USA.
   [Fraser, H. L.] Ohio State Univ, Ctr Accelerated Maturat Mat, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
   [Fraser, H. L.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
   [Srinivasan, R.] ExxonMobil Res & Engn Co, Annandale, NJ USA.
RP Nag, S (reprint author), Univ N Texas, Ctr Adv Res & Technol, Denton, TX 76203 USA.
EM nag.soumya@gmail.com
FU US Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL); US Air Force Office of
   Scientific Research (AFOSR) [FA9550-06-1-0193]
FX The authors would like to acknowledge the US Air Force Research
   Laboratory (AFRL ISES contract) and the US Air Force Office of
   Scientific Research (AFOSR Grant # FA9550-06-1-0193) for providing
   financial support for this study. In addition, the authors also
   gratefully acknowledge the Center for Advanced Research and Technology
   (CART) at the University of North Texas and the Center for the
   Accelerated Maturation of Materials (CAMM) at the Ohio State University
   for access to the experimental facilities used for this study.
NR 28
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 0
U2 33
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 1044-5803
EI 1873-4189
J9 MATER CHARACT
JI Mater. Charact.
PD SEP
PY 2011
VL 62
IS 9
BP 878
EP 886
DI 10.1016/j.matchar.2011.06.002
PG 9
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
   Engineering; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 820CA
UT WOS:000294881900008
ER

PT J
AU Vaiana, CA
   Leonard, MK
   Drummy, LF
   Singh, KM
   Bubulya, A
   Vaia, RA
   Naik, RR
   Kadakia, MP
AF Vaiana, Christopher A.
   Leonard, Mary K.
   Drummy, Lawrence F.
   Singh, Kristi M.
   Bubulya, Athanasios
   Vaia, Richard A.
   Naik, Rajesh R.
   Kadakia, Madhavi P.
TI Epidermal Growth Factor: Layered Silicate Nanocomposites for Tissue
   Regeneration
SO BIOMACROMOLECULES
LA English
DT Article
ID DRUG-DELIVERY SYSTEM; HEMOSTATIC AGENTS; HACAT KERATINOCYTES; FACTOR
   RECEPTOR; CELL-GROWTH; MONTMORILLONITE; EGF; MIGRATION; DIFFERENTIATION;
   PROLIFERATION
AB Wound healing is a complex, multistep process that can be summarized into three stages, namely, hemostasis and inflammation, proliferation, and finally, tissue remodeling. Battlefield wound healing demands rapid hemostasis using dotting or cauterizing agents to immediately limit blood loss, but this occurs at the expense of proper tissue repair beyond hemostasis. Layered silicate days such as kaolin and montmorillonite (MMT) have been previously shown to induce blood clotting due to their ability to form charged interactions with dotting factors. The charge characteristics of sodium MMT (Na-MMT) also enable functionalization with active biomolecules. Herein we functionalized Na-MMT with epidermal growth factor (EGF) via ion exchange reaction to create a nanocomposite (MMT-EGF) with approximately 0.004 EGF molecules per Na(+) exchange site and conduct biochemical analyses of keratinocytes after treatment with MMT-EGF. Our results demonstrate that EGF immobilized on MMT retains the ability to activate the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGRF), causing phosphorylation of the AKT and MEK1 pathways, as well as upregulation of its downstream target gene expression involved in cell growth and migration. This study also shows that like EGF, MMT-EGF treatment can stimulate cell migration in vitro, which is dependent on ERK1/2 phosphorylation.
C1 [Vaiana, Christopher A.; Drummy, Lawrence F.; Singh, Kristi M.; Vaia, Richard A.; Naik, Rajesh R.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Vaiana, Christopher A.; Leonard, Mary K.; Naik, Rajesh R.; Kadakia, Madhavi P.] Wright State Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Dayton, OH 45435 USA.
   [Vaiana, Christopher A.; Leonard, Mary K.; Naik, Rajesh R.; Kadakia, Madhavi P.] Wright State Univ, Boonshoft Sch Med, Dayton, OH 45435 USA.
   [Bubulya, Athanasios] Wright State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Dayton, OH 45435 USA.
RP Naik, RR (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM rajesh.naik@wpafb.af.mil; madhavi.kadakia@wright.edu
FU The Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research
   Laboratory; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Boonshoft
   School of Medicine, Wright State University
FX Funding for this work was in part provided by The Materials and
   Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, and by the
   Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Boonshoft School of
   Medicine, Wright State University. We thank Patrick Dennis for technical
   discussions.
NR 47
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 3
U2 24
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1525-7797
J9 BIOMACROMOLECULES
JI Biomacromolecules
PD SEP
PY 2011
VL 12
IS 9
BP 3139
EP 3146
DI 10.1021/bm200616v
PG 8
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Organic; Polymer Science
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Polymer Science
GA 817TH
UT WOS:000294699000005
PM 21766827
ER

PT J
AU Brundidge, CL
   Miller, JD
   Pollock, TM
AF Brundidge, C. L.
   Miller, J. D.
   Pollock, T. M.
TI Development of Dendritic Structure in the Liquid-Metal-Cooled,
   Directional-Solidification Process
SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND
   MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID ARM SPACINGS; CASTINGS
AB A single-crystal nickel-base superalloy was directionally solidified over a range of withdrawal rates to assess the benefits of using liquid-metal cooling (LMC) for small-scale castings. Cylindrical bars of 1.6-cm diameter were solidified at a rate of 3.4 mm/min using conventional (Bridgman) radiation cooling and at rates of 8.5, 12.7, and 21.2 mm/min using LMC. PROCAST modeling was used to predict dendrite arm spacings based on local thermal conditions. The LMC process exhibited higher thermal gradients and finer primary and secondary spacings of up to 50 and 70 pct, respectively, in comparison to the Bridgman process. The maximum refinement in dendritic spacings using the LMC process occurred at a withdrawal rate of 12.7 mm/min. Variability in axial and lateral dendrite spacings decreased with increasing withdrawal rate, up to the point of maximum refinement. Withdrawal rates exceeding 12.7 mm/min increased the variability in spacings and produced lateral overgrowth of the primary dendrites by secondaries and promoted formation of high-angle grain boundaries.
C1 [Brundidge, C. L.] Univ Michigan, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
   [Miller, J. D.] USAF, AFRL, RXLMP, Res Lab,Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Pollock, T. M.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Mat, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
RP Brundidge, CL (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
EM clinique@umich.edu
FU General Electric Aviation (GE-USA Program); Air Force Research
   Laboratory
FX The authors acknowledge the assistance of C.J. Torbet. The funding
   provided by General Electric Aviation (GE-USA Program) and the Air Force
   Research Laboratory is also gratefully acknowledged.
NR 16
TC 22
Z9 29
U1 5
U2 47
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1073-5623
J9 METALL MATER TRANS A
JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci.
PD SEP
PY 2011
VL 42A
IS 9
BP 2723
EP 2732
DI 10.1007/s11661-011-0664-5
PG 10
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
   Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 794YI
UT WOS:000292936900020
ER

PT J
AU Mihora, LD
   Holck, DEE
AF Mihora, Lisa D.
   Holck, David E. E.
TI Hematic Cyst in a Barrier-Covered Porous Polyethylene/Titanium Mesh
   Orbital Floor Implant
SO OPHTHALMIC PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY
LA English
DT Article
AB Hematic cyst formation after placement of nonporous alloplastic orbital floor implants is well described. A benefit of porous polyethylene is fibrovascular ingrowth without capsular formation. This ingrowth inhibits hematic cyst formation. In the case presented here, a hematic cyst developed on a screw-fixated porous polyethylene/titanium mesh implant (Medpor Titan B-T-M, Porex Surgical, Newnan, GA, U.S.A.). The risk factor for this patient was the nonporous barrier surface of the implant and inadequate fracture reduction. Proper surgical technique, including implant sizing, placement, and fixation, are factors reported to prevent hematic cyst formation. This patient's symptoms resolved after removal of the implant and cyst and replacement of the orbital implant.
C1 [Mihora, Lisa D.; Holck, David E. E.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA.
RP Mihora, LD (reprint author), 336 Walt Whitman Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA.
EM lisamihora@yahoo.com
NR 6
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0740-9303
J9 OPHTHAL PLAST RECONS
JI Ophthalmic Plast. Reconstr. Surg.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2011
VL 27
IS 5
BP E117
EP E118
DI 10.1097/IOP.0b013e318201cb7e
PG 2
WC Ophthalmology; Surgery
SC Ophthalmology; Surgery
GA 817XS
UT WOS:000294711700004
PM 21346673
ER

PT J
AU Fausett, MB
   Propst, A
   Van Doren, K
   Clark, BT
AF Fausett, M. Bardett
   Propst, Anthony
   Van Doren, Karin
   Clark, Benjamin T.
TI How to develop an effective obstetric checklist
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
DE checklists; obstetric emergency; patient safety; United States Air Force
   (USAF)
AB Checklists to guide critical procedures are becoming an increasingly important part of medical practice. These tools have proved effective in improving outcome in a variety of medical settings, including obstetrics. In this review, we outline essential principles of successful checklist creation and implementation and review our experience with checklist development in a worldwide, multiinstitutional health care delivery system.
C1 [Fausett, M. Bardett] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX USA.
   [Propst, Anthony] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
   [Van Doren, Karin] Aviano Air Base, Aviano, Italy.
   [Clark, Benjamin T.] McGuire AFB, Lakehurst, NJ USA.
RP Fausett, MB (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX USA.
NR 29
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 3
PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0002-9378
J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL
JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol.
PD SEP
PY 2011
VL 205
IS 3
BP 165
EP 170
DI 10.1016/j.ajog.2011.06.003
PG 6
WC Obstetrics & Gynecology
SC Obstetrics & Gynecology
GA 812YF
UT WOS:000294330000014
PM 22071047
ER

PT J
AU Richardson, DR
   Lucht, RP
   Kulatilaka, WD
   Roy, S
   Gord, JR
AF Richardson, D. R.
   Lucht, R. P.
   Kulatilaka, W. D.
   Roy, S.
   Gord, J. R.
TI Theoretical modeling of single-laser-shot, chirped-probe-pulse
   femtosecond coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering thermometry
SO APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS
LA English
DT Article
ID TIME-RESOLVED CARS; GAS-PHASE; TEMPERATURE-MEASUREMENTS; REACTING FLOWS;
   DOMAIN CARS; SPECTROSCOPY; DYNAMICS; FLAME; MOLECULES; NITROGEN
AB Chirped-probe-pulse (CPP) femtosecond (fs) coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) spectroscopy for single-laser-shot temperature measurements in flames is discussed. In CPP fs CARS, a giant Raman coherence is created in the medium by impulsive pump-Stokes excitation, and the temperature-dependent temporal decay of this initial coherence is mapped into the frequency of the CARS signal using a CPP. The theory of the CPP fs CARS technique is presented. A computer code has been developed to calculate theoretical CPP fs CARS spectra. The input parameters for the calculation of the theoretical spectra include the temperature, probe time delay, ratio of the resonant and nonresonant susceptibilities, and parameters for characterizing the pump, Stokes and probe pulses. The parameters for characterizing the pump, Stokes and probe pulses are determined from the best fit of theoretical spectra to experimental spectra acquired from calibration flames at a known temperature. For spectra acquired in subsequent measurements, these laser parameters are fixed and temperature is determined as one of the fit parameters from the best fit of theoretical spectra to experimental spectra. For single-laser-shot CPP fs CARS temperature measurements performed in steady, near-adiabatic flames, the best-fit temperature distribution width is typically less than 1.5% of the mean temperature. The mean temperature is accurate to within approximately 3% with respect to the adiabatic flame temperature. The most significant limitation on temperature measurement accuracy is associated with the evaluation of the theoretical laser parameters. Significant improvements in the temperature measurement accuracy are expected once monitoring equipment capable of characterizing the spectrum and phase of each laser pulse is incorporated in the experiments.
C1 [Richardson, D. R.; Lucht, R. P.] Purdue Univ, Sch Mech Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
   [Kulatilaka, W. D.; Roy, S.] Spectral Energies LLC, Dayton, OH 45431 USA.
   [Gord, J. R.] USAF, Res Lab, Prop Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Lucht, RP (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Sch Mech Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
EM lucht@purdue.edu
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences,
   and Biosciences [DE-FG02-03ER15391]; Air Force Research Laboratory
   [FA8650-09-C-2918, FA8650-09-C-2001, FA8650-10-C-2008]; Air Force Office
   of Scientific Research
FX Funding for this research was provided by the U.S. Department of Energy,
   Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences under Grant
   No. DE-FG02-03ER15391; by the Air Force Research Laboratory under
   contract Nos. FA8650-09-C-2918, FA8650-09-C-2001, and FA8650-10-C-2008
   (Ms. Amy Lynch, Program Manager); and by the Air Force Office of
   Scientific Research (Drs. Tatjana Curcic and Julian Tishkoff, Program
   Managers).
NR 58
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 2
U2 31
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0946-2171
J9 APPL PHYS B-LASERS O
JI Appl. Phys. B-Lasers Opt.
PD SEP
PY 2011
VL 104
IS 3
SI SI
BP 699
EP 714
DI 10.1007/s00340-011-4489-0
PG 16
WC Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Optics; Physics
GA 814YQ
UT WOS:000294493600031
ER

PT J
AU Murnieks, CY
   Allen, ST
   Ferrante, CJ
AF Murnieks, Charles Y.
   Allen, Scot T.
   Ferrante, Claudia J.
TI Combating the effects of turnover: Military lessons learned from project
   teams rebuilding Iraq
SO BUSINESS HORIZONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Turnover; Military; Mental models; Personnel rotation
ID GROUP-PERFORMANCE; SHARED KNOWLEDGE; MENTAL MODELS; CONSTRUCT; METAPHOR
AB The literature concerning turnover has traditionally been composed of studies and analyses which assume that turnover rates are malleable, and can be reduced. We take the opposite position and contend that turnover rates for certain organizations are not variable, but rather remain fixed. Is it possible, then, to reduce the deleterious effects of turnover without reducing the actual churn of individuals? To answer this question, we draw from experiences of the U.S. military during Operation Iraqi Freedom, in order to learn from its methods of dealing with high personnel turnover during the management of projects. Specifically, we offer four best practices that reduce the negative effects of turnover, while allowing the rate itself to remain constant. These best practices aim toward sharing the knowledge and mental models critical for sustained operations, to insulate the organization against the departure of key personnel. Herein, we demonstrate how efficient operations can be maintained amidst high churn rates. (C) 2011 Kelley School of Business, Indiana University. All rights reserved.
C1 [Murnieks, Charles Y.; Allen, Scot T.; Ferrante, Claudia J.] USAF Acad, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
RP Murnieks, CY (reprint author), USAF Acad, 2354 Fairchild Dr, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
EM charles.murnieks@usafa.edu; scot.allen@usafa.edu;
   claudia.ferrante@usafa.edu
NR 40
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 14
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0007-6813
J9 BUS HORIZONS
JI Bus. Horiz.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2011
VL 54
IS 5
BP 481
EP 491
DI 10.1016/j.bushor.2011.05.003
PG 11
WC Business
SC Business & Economics
GA 815NJ
UT WOS:000294532000011
ER

PT J
AU Schmidt, J
   Kostka, S
   Lynch, A
   Ganguly, B
AF Schmidt, Jacob
   Kostka, Stanislav
   Lynch, Amy
   Ganguly, Biswa
TI Simultaneous particle image velocimetry and chemiluminescence
   visualization of millisecond-pulsed current-voltage-induced
   perturbations of a premixed propane/air flame
SO EXPERIMENTS IN FLUIDS
LA English
DT Article
ID ELECTRIC-FIELD; BURNING VELOCITY; AIR FLAMES; LOCAL CHEMILUMINESCENCE;
   DIFFUSION FLAMES; HEAT RELEASE; SPEED; PRESSURE; ADEQUACY; BLOWOFF
AB The effects of millisecond-wide, pulsed current-voltage-induced behavior in premixed laminar flames have been investigated through the simultaneous collection of particle image velocimetry (PIV) and chemiluminescence data with particular attention paid to the onset mechanisms. Disturbances caused by applied voltages of 2 kV over a 30-mm gap to a downward propagating, atmospheric pressure, premixed propane/air flame with a flow speed near 2 m/s and an equivalence ratio of 1.06 are investigated. The combined PIV and chemiluminescence-based experimental data show the observed disturbance originates only in or near the cathode fall region very close to the burner base. The data also suggest that the coupling mechanism responsible for the flame disturbance behavior is fluidic in nature, developing from the radial positive chemi-ion distribution and an ion-drift current-induced net body force that acts along the annular space discharge distribution in the reaction zone in or near the cathode fall. This net body force causes a reduction in flow speed above these near cathodic regions causing the base of the flame to laterally spread. Also, this effect seems to produce a velocity gradient leading to the transition of a laminar flame to turbulent combustion for higher applied current-voltage conditions as shown in previous work (Marcum and Ganguly in Combust Flame 143:27-36, 2005; Schmidt and Ganguly in 48th AIAA aerospace sciences meeting. Orlando, 2010).
C1 [Schmidt, Jacob; Kostka, Stanislav] Spectral Energies LLC, Dayton, OH 45431 USA.
   [Lynch, Amy; Ganguly, Biswa] USAF, Res Lab, WPAFB, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
RP Schmidt, J (reprint author), Spectral Energies LLC, 5100 Springfield St, Dayton, OH 45431 USA.
EM JSchmidt@SpectralEnergies.com
OI Schmidt, Jacob/0000-0002-9855-6319
NR 38
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 12
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0723-4864
J9 EXP FLUIDS
JI Exp. Fluids
PD SEP
PY 2011
VL 51
IS 3
BP 657
EP 665
DI 10.1007/s00348-011-1078-2
PG 9
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics
SC Engineering; Mechanics
GA 813DU
UT WOS:000294347800007
ER

PT J
AU Hill, MJ
   Retzloff, MG
   Palumbo, M
   Van Horne, AK
   Bates, GW
   Propst, AM
AF Hill, M. J.
   Retzloff, M. G.
   Palumbo, M.
   Van Horne, A. K.
   Bates, G. W.
   Propst, A. M.
TI LOW-DOSE URINARY hCG IMPROVES IVF CYCLE OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS WITH LOW LH
   LEVELS IN GnRH ANTAGONIST CYCLES
SO FERTILITY AND STERILITY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Reproductive-Medicine
CY OCT 15-19, 2011
CL Orlando, FL
SP Amer Soc Reprod Med
C1 Eunice Kennedy Shriver Natl Inst Child Hlth & Hum, Program Reprod & Adult Endocrinol, Bethesda, MD USA.
   Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0015-0282
J9 FERTIL STERIL
JI Fertil. Steril.
PD SEP
PY 2011
VL 96
IS 3
SU 1
BP S253
EP S254
PG 2
WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology
SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology
GA 814KZ
UT WOS:000294452701100
ER

PT J
AU Howard, RK
   Kirkpatrick, TC
   Rutledge, RE
   Yaccino, JM
AF Howard, Richard K.
   Kirkpatrick, Timothy C.
   Rutledge, Richard E.
   Yaccino, John M.
TI Comparison of Debris Removal with Three Different Irrigation Techniques
SO JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS
LA English
DT Article
DE EndoVac; irrigation; K-Kube; PiezoFlow
ID HUMAN MANDIBULAR MOLARS; ROOT CANALS; ROTARY INSTRUMENTATION; AGITATION
   TECHNIQUES; SODIUM-HYPOCHLORITE; IN-VITRO; EFFICACY; SYSTEM; HAND
AB Introduction: The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of debris removal between Endo Vac, PiezoFlow, or needle irrigation (Max-i-Probe) in mandibular molars. Methods: The mesial roots of 30 extracted mandibular molars were mounted in resin by using the K-Kube and then sectioned at 2 and 4 mm from the apex. The specimens were reassembled and instrumented to size 40/0.04. A standard irrigation protocol was used during instrumentation in the PiezoFlow and Max-i-Probe groups. During instrumentation of teeth in the Endo Vac group, the manufacturer's recommendations for irrigation were followed. Images of the canals and isthmuses were taken before final irrigation. The percentage of cleanliness for each canal and isthmus was calculated by using interactive software. The specimens were reassembled for final irrigation with EndoVac, PiezoFlow, and Max-i-Probe by using similar volumes of irrigants. Images were again used to calculate cleanliness. Comparisons of canal and isthmus cleanliness before and after final irrigation were made by using paired t tests, and the groups were compared with repeated-measures analysis of variance (P < .05). Results: There were no statistically significant differences in canal and isthmus cleanliness among all 3 groups at 2 and 4 mm from working length before or after final irrigation. Canal and isthmus cleanliness significantly improved at all levels after the final irrigation regimen in each group. Conclusions: Final irrigation by using EndoVac, the PiezoFlow, or Max-i-Probe with similar volumes of irrigants significantly improved canal and isthmus cleanliness. (J Endod 2011;37:1301-1305)
C1 [Howard, Richard K.; Kirkpatrick, Timothy C.; Rutledge, Richard E.; Yaccino, John M.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Endodont, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
RP Kirkpatrick, TC (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Endodont, 59th Dent Training Squadron SGDTN,2450 Pepperrell, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
EM Kirkpatrick@us.af.mil
NR 25
TC 17
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0099-2399
J9 J ENDODONT
JI J. Endod.
PD SEP
PY 2011
VL 37
IS 9
BP 1301
EP 1305
DI 10.1016/j.joen.2011.05.008
PG 5
WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
GA 813TR
UT WOS:000294393600024
PM 21846554
ER

PT J
AU Hall, AB
   Brehm, W
   Bright, HK
   Pribyl, S
   Hall, BE
AF Hall, Andrew B.
   Brehm, Walter
   Bright, Heather K.
   Pribyl, Shea
   Hall, Byron E.
TI Ductal Carcinoma In Situ in the Department of Defense
SO JOURNAL OF SURGICAL EDUCATION
LA English
DT Article
DE ductal carcinoma in-situ; breast; cancer
ID INVASIVE BREAST-CANCER; LYMPH-NODE BIOPSY; RISK-FACTORS; CORE BIOPSY;
   DIAGNOSIS; PREDICTORS; RATES
AB OBJECTIVE: Our objective is to investigate some of the trends and variables within the ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) diagnosed population and to compare them with the greater civilian populations to identify any possible areas of deficiency or superiority in comparison with civilian institutions.
   DESIGN: A retrospective analysis of 5023 patients.
   SETTING: 81st Medical Group Clinical Research Laboratory at Keesler AFB, Mississippi.
   PARTICIPANTS: All patients treated for ductal carcinoma in situ entered into the Automated Central Tumor Registry (ACTUR) between January 1988 and December 2009.
   RESULTS: Overall, the rate of finding invasive components after surgery for suspected DCIS was 8.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 7.79-9.33). Compared with other published rates, the military has a statistically significant lower rate (p < 0.001). From age 25 until age 65, there is a significant negative correlation of finding invasive cancer after treatment for DCIS (Spearman Rank Correlation = -0.051, p = 0.001). No statistically significant correlations were found between tumor size or grade and finding an invasive component.
   CONCLUSIONS: The military medical system has provided a reduced probability of finding invasive cancer after treatment for DCIS compared to civilian institutions. Reduced physician workload, patient proactiveness, and public health involvement are among the likely factors. (J Surg 68:355-359. (C) 2011 Association of Program Directors in Surgery. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
C1 [Hall, Andrew B.; Brehm, Walter; Bright, Heather K.; Pribyl, Shea; Hall, Byron E.] Keesler Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Keesler AFB, MS 39534 USA.
RP Hall, AB (reprint author), Keesler Med Ctr, Dept Surg, 301 Fisher St, Keesler AFB, MS 39534 USA.
EM andrew.hall.2@us.af.mil
NR 13
TC 0
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 1931-7204
J9 J SURG EDUC
JI J. Surg. Educ.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2011
VL 68
IS 5
BP 355
EP 359
DI 10.1016/j.jsurg.2011.03.004
PG 5
WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Surgery
SC Education & Educational Research; Surgery
GA 812SB
UT WOS:000294312100005
PM 21821212
ER

PT J
AU Figi, H
   Bale, DH
   Szep, A
   Dalton, LR
   Chen, AT
AF Figi, Harry
   Bale, Denise H.
   Szep, Attila
   Dalton, Larry R.
   Chen, Antao
TI Electro-optic modulation in horizontally slotted silicon/organic crystal
   hybrid devices
SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID WAVE-GUIDES; OPTICAL MODULATOR; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; SILICON; GHZ;
   2-METHYL-4-NITROANILINE; TECHNOLOGY
AB Electro-optic modulation is achieved in devices consisting of single-crystalline thin films of N-benzyl-2-methyl-4-nitroaniline grown from the melt in the slots of phase modulators based on horizontally slotted silicon waveguides. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first experimental realization of an electro-optically active horizontally slotted silicon waveguide and also the first demonstration of organic crystalline materials being implemented into the slotted silicon photonics technology. The experimentally determined half-wave voltage times length product and the losses are estimated to be V-pi x L 14.7 +/- 2 V.cm and 10 +/- 2.4 dB/cm, respectively. The fabrication concept employed here circumvents technological issues present in the context of conventional vertically slotted waveguide structures, since the slots with cross-sectional dimensions of about 1000 nm x 160 nm have been patterned with standard optical photolithography into thermally grown oxide sandwiched between two fusion bonded device silicon layers. In contrast to previously reported vertically slotted silicon waveguides with polymeric slot materials, organic crystalline based devices do not require high-electric-field poling prior to operation and feature an excellent long-term stability of dipole orientation in addition to superior photochemical stability. (C) 2011 Optical Society of America
C1 [Bale, Denise H.; Dalton, Larry R.] Univ Washington, Dept Chem, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
   [Szep, Attila] USAF, Sensors Directorate, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Figi, Harry; Chen, Antao] Univ Washington, Appl Phys Lab, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
RP Figi, H (reprint author), IBM Corp, Zurich Res Lab, CH-8803 Ruschlikon, Switzerland.
EM figih@phys.ethz.ch
FU Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) [PBEZP2-127804]; National
   Science Foundation (NSF) [DMR 0120967]
FX We thank A. Belousov for the accomplishment of the XRD theta-2 theta
   scan, as well as W. Kaminsky for his help with the birefringence
   measurement. This work has been supported by the Swiss National Science
   Foundation (SNSF) via grant PBEZP2-127804 and the National Science
   Foundation (NSF) via grant DMR 0120967.
NR 35
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 2
U2 13
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0740-3224
EI 1520-8540
J9 J OPT SOC AM B
JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys.
PD SEP
PY 2011
VL 28
IS 9
BP 2291
EP 2300
PG 10
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 814WY
UT WOS:000294489100035
ER

PT J
AU Lin, KC
   Rajnicek, C
   McCall, J
   Carter, C
   Fezzaa, K
AF Lin, Kuo-Cheng
   Rajnicek, Christopher
   McCall, Jonathan
   Carter, Campbell
   Fezzaa, Kamel
TI Investigation of pure- and aerated-liquid jets using ultra-fast X-ray
   phase contrast imaging
SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS
   SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Pan-American Conference on Synchrotron Radiation Instrumentation
   (SRI2010)
CY SEP 21-24, 2010
CL Chicago, IL
SP Blake Industries Inc, Dectris
DE Ultra-fast X-ray imaging; Synchrotron radiation; Aerated-liquid jet;
   Liquid atomization; Air-breathing propulsion
ID EFFERVESCENT ATOMIZER; FLOW; PERFORMANCE
AB Pure- and aerated-liquid jets were observed using the ultra-fast X-ray phase contrast imaging technique. Highly convoluted wrinkle structures were seen on the column surface of a turbulent pure-liquid jet, gas bubbles were discovered inside droplets and ligaments of aerated-liquid sprays, and apparently homogenous two-phase mixtures were observed inside the aerated-liquid injector. The major limitation of this X-ray technique lies in its line-of-sight nature, which can create overlapped objects/interfaces on the X-ray images. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Lin, Kuo-Cheng] Taitech Inc, Beavercreek, OH 45430 USA.
   [Rajnicek, Christopher; McCall, Jonathan; Carter, Campbell] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Fezzaa, Kamel] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Lin, KC (reprint author), Taitech Inc, Beavercreek, OH 45430 USA.
EM Kuo-Cheng.Lin@wpafb.af.mil
NR 10
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-9002
J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A
JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc.
   Equip.
PD SEP 1
PY 2011
VL 649
IS 1
BP 194
EP 196
DI 10.1016/j.nima.2010.11.122
PG 3
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics,
   Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics
GA 813VA
UT WOS:000294397100060
ER

PT J
AU Lin, KC
   Ryan, M
   Carter, C
   Sandy, A
   Narayanan, S
   Ilavsky, J
   Wang, J
AF Lin, Kuo-Cheng
   Ryan, Michael
   Carter, Campbell
   Sandy, Alec
   Narayanan, Suresh
   Ilavsky, Jan
   Wang, Jin
TI Investigation of condensed supercritical ethylene jets using Small Angle
   X-ray Scattering (SAXS) technique
SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS
   SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Pan-American Conference on Synchrotron Radiation Instrumentation
   (SRI2010)
CY SEP 21-24, 2010
CL Chicago, IL
SP Blake Industries Inc, Dectris
DE Small Angle X-ray Scattering; Supercritical fluid; Droplet nucleation;
   Air-breathing propulsion
ID NUCLEATION; MFI
AB The ability of the Small Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS) technique to measure small droplets generated by the nucleation process within a highly dynamic supercritical ethylene jet both inside and outside an injector was successfully demonstrated. Droplet nucleation, droplet size distribution, droplet growth, and the dependence of droplet nucleation/condensation on flow properties can be explored with the SAXS technique. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Lin, Kuo-Cheng] Taitech Inc, Beavercreek, OH 45430 USA.
   [Ryan, Michael] Universal Technol Corp, Beavercreek, OH 45430 USA.
   [Carter, Campbell] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Sandy, Alec; Narayanan, Suresh; Ilavsky, Jan; Wang, Jin] Argonne Natl Lab, Chicago, IL 60439 USA.
RP Lin, KC (reprint author), Taitech Inc, Beavercreek, OH 45430 USA.
EM Kuo-Cheng.Lin@wpafb.af.mil
RI Ilavsky, Jan/D-4521-2013
OI Ilavsky, Jan/0000-0003-1982-8900
NR 11
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-9002
J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A
JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc.
   Equip.
PD SEP 1
PY 2011
VL 649
IS 1
BP 219
EP 221
DI 10.1016/j.nima.2010.12.061
PG 3
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics,
   Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics
GA 813VA
UT WOS:000294397100068
ER

PT J
AU Peckham, SJ
   Sloan, SB
   Elston, DM
AF Peckham, Steven J.
   Sloan, Steven B.
   Elston, Dirk M.
TI Histologic features of alopecia areata other than peribulbar lymphocytic
   infiltrates
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE alopecia areata; catagen follicles; eosinophils; follicular
   miniaturization; nonscarring alopecia; peribulbar lymphocytic
   infiltrate; pigment casts
ID HELPFUL DIAGNOSTIC FEATURE; MALE PATTERN ALOPECIA; EOSINOPHILIC
   FOLLICULITIS; FIBROUS TRACTS; HAIR BULBS; HISTOPATHOLOGY
AB Background: Histologic features other than a lymphocytic infiltrate around follicular bulbs are now recognized as helpful clues to the diagnosis of alopecia areata, especially in long-standing lesions where the peribulbar lymphocytic infiltrate may be sparse or absent.
   Objectives: We sought to determine the frequency of peribulbar lymphocytic infiltrates, eosinophils, lymphocytes, and melanin in fibrous tracts, pigment casts in follicles, the presence of catagen/telogen follicles, follicular miniaturization, and dystrophic ("nanogen") follicles in alopecia areata. Secondly, we sought to compare the diagnostic use of transversely sectioned versus horizontally sectioned specimens in those cases for which both were available (15 of 109 cases).
   Methods: The pathology archives of Geisinger Medical Center (Danville, PA), Wilford Hall US Air Force Medical Center (San Antonio, TX), and Brooke US Army Medical Center (San Antonio, TX) were searched for the term "alopecia areata" in the diagnostic field from the period of 1991 to 2006, which yielded 109 cases with sections suitable for review. Cases from the two military institutions from 1997 or earlier were excluded to avoid any overlap with data previously reported by our group.
   Results: A peribulbar lymphocytic infiltrate was present in 92 specimens (84%), eosinophils in fibrous tracts in 48 (44%), lymphocytes in fibrous tracts in 102 (94%), melanin within fibrous tracts in 92 (84%), pigment casts within follicular canals in 46 (44%), catagen follicles in 101 (93%), and miniaturized follicles in 98 (90%). Dystrophic miniaturized follicles were rare (4 cases). In 14 of 15 cases with both vertical and transverse sections, either was diagnostic. One case showed diagnostic features only in vertical sections.
   Limitations: Comparable vertical and transverse sections were only available for a limited number of the cases. We did not correlate duration of disease with individual findings. Our results were correlated with the clinical diagnosis but not with serologic tests for syphilis.
   Conclusions: Although most specimens showed evidence of a peribulbar lymphocytic infiltrate (84%), a higher percentage showed evidence. of follicles in catagen/telogen phase (93%) and evidence of miniaturization of follicles (90%). This could lead to an incorrect diagnosis of trichotillomania or pattern alopecia. Pigment casts within the hair canal were also found in a significant number of follicles, especially in catagen follicles, creating further potential for misdiagnosis as trichotillomania. A significant percentage showed evidence of eosinophils (44%), melanin (84%), and lymphocytes (94%) in fibrous tracts. These features are particularly helpful when a peribulbar lymphocytic infiltrate is lacking. Vertical and transverse sections appear comparable. (J Am Acad Dermatol 2011;65:615-20.)
C1 [Peckham, Steven J.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA.
   [Sloan, Steven B.] Univ Connecticut, Ctr Hlth, Farmington, CT USA.
   [Elston, Dirk M.] Geisinger Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Danville, PA 17822 USA.
RP Peckham, SJ (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, 2200 Bergquist Dr,Suite 1, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA.
EM steve.peckham@gmail.com
OI Sloan, Steven Brett/0000-0002-7508-3184
NR 16
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 2
PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0190-9622
J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL
JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol.
PD SEP
PY 2011
VL 65
IS 3
BP 615
EP 620
DI 10.1016/j.jaad.2011.02.017
PG 6
WC Dermatology
SC Dermatology
GA 810QK
UT WOS:000294142000016
PM 21684037
ER

PT J
AU Zachery, RA
   Sastry, SS
   Kumar, V
AF Zachery, Randy A.
   Sastry, Shankar S.
   Kumar, Vijay
TI Special Issue on Swarming in Natural and Engineered Systems
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Zachery, Randy A.] USAF, Res Lab, Guidance & Nav Sect, Munit Directorate, Eglin AFB, FL USA.
   [Sastry, Shankar S.] CITRIS Berkeley, Banatao Inst, Berkeley, CA USA.
   [Sastry, Shankar S.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
   [Kumar, Vijay] Univ Penn, Dept Mech Engn & Appl Mech, Dept Comp & Informat Sci, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
RP Zachery, RA (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Army Res Off, Informat Sci Directorate, Durham, NC USA.
NR 0
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 2
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-9219
J9 P IEEE
JI Proc. IEEE
PD SEP
PY 2011
VL 99
IS 9
SI SI
BP 1466
EP 1469
DI 10.1109/JPROC.2011.2160108
PG 4
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA 810LH
UT WOS:000294126300002
ER

PT J
AU Yan, H
   Gaitonde, D
AF Yan, H.
   Gaitonde, D.
TI Parametric study of pulsed thermal bumps in supersonic boundary layer
SO SHOCK WAVES
LA English
DT Article
DE Supersonic flow control; Supersonic boundary layer; Boundary layer
   transition; Thermal perturbation
ID LOCALIZED DISTURBANCE; PLASMA ACTUATORS; SHALLOW BUMP; FLOW-CONTROL;
   MECHANISMS; EVOLUTION
AB A three-dimensional numerical study is performed to explore the effect of pulsed spanwise-periodic surface thermal perturbation (also denoted as thermal bump) in a Mach 1.5 flat plate laminar boundary layer. A high-resolution upwind-biased Roe method is used with the compressive Van Leer harmonic limiter on a suitably refined mesh. The dependence of flow stability characteristics on the variation of thermal bump geometry (shape and dimension) and pulsing properties (disturbance amplitude and frequency) is assessed. It is shown that the finite-span thermal bumps generate streamwise vortices. When the thermal bump is pulsed, vortex shedding is observed, and the streamwise vorticity grows with the downstream distance. Analysis of the integrated disturbance energy indicates that the streamwise kinetic disturbance energy dominates over those associated with other two velocity and thermodynamic components. Immediately downstream of the bump, the dominant frequency corresponds to that of the imposed excitation while higher harmonic components are observed farther downstream. An analysis of parametric variation of bump shape and dimension indicates that finite bump span is important in injecting three dimensionality and that the rectangular shape results in faster disturbance growth than the circular one. The study also concludes that disturbance growth is non-linear with bump temperature and has a strong connection with pulsing frequency.
C1 [Yan, H.] Wright State Univ, Dept Mech & Mat Engn, Dayton, OH 45435 USA.
   [Gaitonde, D.] USAF, Computat Sci Branch, Aeronaut Sci Div, Air Vehicles Directorate,Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Yan, H (reprint author), Wright State Univ, Dept Mech & Mat Engn, 3640 Colonel Glenn Hwy, Dayton, OH 45435 USA.
EM hong.yan@wright.edu
FU AFOSR; HPCMP centers at ASC; NAVO
FX The authors are grateful for the support from AFOSR under tasks
   monitored by Dr. John Schmisseur and Dr. Fariba Fahroo. The authors also
   gratefully acknowledge the grant of high performance computing time from
   the HPCMP centers at ASC and NAVO.
NR 27
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 8
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0938-1287
EI 1432-2153
J9 SHOCK WAVES
JI Shock Waves
PD SEP
PY 2011
VL 21
IS 5
BP 411
EP 423
DI 10.1007/s00193-011-0309-z
PG 13
WC Mechanics
SC Mechanics
GA 812AU
UT WOS:000294260900002
ER

PT J
AU Stanford, B
   Miranda, J
   Parker, G
   Beran, P
AF Stanford, Bret
   Miranda, Jose
   Parker, Gregory
   Beran, Philip
TI The Complicating Effect of Uncertain Flapping Wing Kinematics on Model
   Validation
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MICRO AIR VEHICLES
LA English
DT Article
ID MICRO AIR VEHICLES; MEMBRANE WINGS; INSECT
AB In order to experimentally validate an aeroelastic modeling tool, a flapping mechanism has been built to flap a flexible wing structure about a single axis. A comparison of the flexible tip deformation during the flapping stroke is of particular interest. Due to the small size of fully-scaled mechanisms, the "commanded" kinematics may differ substantially from what is observed. A crucial input into any numerical flapping wing model, the temporal derivatives of the flapping kinematics, is then not known with certainty. For the current work, the flap rotation is measured with a non-contact image correlation technique, and a Fourier series fit is used to obtain flapping velocities and accelerations. The resulting match between experimental and numerical tip displacements is satisfactory for a very small range of harmonic number. A recommended strategy for future numerical modeling efforts is to include the entire flapping system (power source, actuation, wings) into the framework in order to improve the validation process, with less dependence upon experimental data to "tune" the computational model's input kinematics.
C1 [Stanford, Bret; Miranda, Jose; Parker, Gregory; Beran, Philip] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Stanford, B (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research under Laboratory Tasks
   [09RB01COR]
FX This work is sponsored by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research
   under Laboratory Tasks 09RB01COR, monitored by Dr. Doug Smith.
NR 13
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU MULTI-SCIENCE PUBL CO LTD
PI BRENTWOOD
PA 5 WATES WAY, BRENTWOOD CM15 9TB, ESSEX, ENGLAND
SN 1756-8293
J9 INT J MICRO AIR VEH
JI Int. J. Micro Air Veh.
PD SEP
PY 2011
VL 3
IS 3
BP 143
EP 148
DI 10.1260/1756-8293.3.3.143
PG 6
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 990NA
UT WOS:000307636500002
ER

PT J
AU Lee, KM
   White, TJ
AF Lee, Kyung Min
   White, Timothy J.
TI Photomechanical Response of Composite Structures Built from Azobenzene
   Liquid Crystal Polymer Networks
SO POLYMERS
LA English
DT Article
DE azobenzene; liquid crystal; photomechanical
AB Optically directed shape adaptive responses have been sought after for many decades in photoresponsive polymeric materials. A number of recent examinations have elucidated elucidated the unique opportunities of photomechanical responses realized in azobenzene-functionalized liquid crystalline polymer networks (both elastomers and glasses). This work summarizes and contrasts the photomechanical response of glassy polydomain, monodomain, and twisted nematic azo-LCN materials to blue-green irradiation. Building from this summary, the combinatorial photomechanical response observed upon irradiation of composite cantilevers is examined. Large scale shape adaptations are realized, with novel responses that may be of potential use in future employment of these materials in actuation.
C1 [Lee, Kyung Min; White, Timothy J.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Lee, Kyung Min] Azimuth Corp, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
RP White, TJ (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM kyungmin.lee@wpafb.af.mil; timothy.white2@wpafb.af.mil
RI White, Timothy/D-4392-2012
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research; Materials and Manufacturing
   Directorate of the Air Force Research Laboratory
FX We are grateful to the Air Force Office of Scientific Research and the
   Materials and Manufacturing Directorate of the Air Force Research
   Laboratory for funding. Sincere appreciation to David Wang and Loon-Seng
   Tan for the synthesis of the azobenzene-functionalized polyimide. We
   acknowledge insightful discussions with our colleagues Timothy Bunning,
   Richard Vaia, Hilmar Koerner, Matthew Smith, and Nelson Tabiryan.
NR 33
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 3
U2 32
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 2073-4360
J9 POLYMERS-BASEL
JI Polymers
PD SEP
PY 2011
VL 3
IS 3
BP 1447
EP 1457
DI 10.3390/polym3031447
PG 11
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA V27GM
UT WOS:000208601700030
ER

PT J
AU Kelecy, T
   Jah, M
AF Kelecy, T.
   Jah, M.
TI Analysis of high area-to-mass ratio (HAMR) GEO space object orbit
   determination and prediction performance: Initial strategies to recover
   and predict HAMR GEO trajectories with no a priori information
SO ACTA ASTRONAUTICA
LA English
DT Article
DE Astrodynamics; Orbit determination; Debris; Space surveillance;
   Multiple-hypothesis estimation
AB Optical deep space surveys are focusing on the study of a class of near Geosynchronous (GEO) objects characterized by high area-to-mass ratio (HAMR). Consistent cataloging and study of these HAMR objects requires repeated follow-up and tracking. The combination of lunar-solar gravitation, unmodeled solar radiation pressure dynamics, thermal emissions, and possibly passive electrostatic charging of the object interacting with the weak magnetic field at GEO results in unknown perturbations to the its trajectory. When these effects are combined with their apparent dim, time-varying reflective light intensity magnitudes, correctly identifying/associating tracks to the HAMR object is non-trivial. The focus of this work is to quantify the effects of the unmodeled accelerations on the reconstructed and predicted HAMR trajectory. Optical angle tracking data for several candidate HAMR objects were reduced and analyzed, and compared with results derived from the reduction of simulated optical angles data generated from the same sites, over comparable durations and using known dynamical models. Comparison of the orbit determination results provides insight into the effects of unmodeled errors on the estimated orbit parameters and their associated uncertainties. The results conclude that the orbit errors resulting from unmodeled rotational dynamics are significant, and can require the addition of process noise to properly account for the force model uncertainties to the total state error distribution. The results further demonstrate that the longer term solar radiation pressure effects are well determined with adequate observations, but determination of shorter term variations due to rotational dynamics are dependent on the area-to-mass ratio, measurement quality and estimation sampling interval. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Kelecy, T.] Boeing Co, Seattle, WA 98124 USA.
   [Jah, M.] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA.
RP Kelecy, T (reprint author), Boeing Co, Seattle, WA 98124 USA.
EM thomas.m.kelecy@boeing.com
OI Jah, Moriba/0000-0003-1109-0374
NR 11
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 6
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0094-5765
J9 ACTA ASTRONAUT
JI Acta Astronaut.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2011
VL 69
IS 7-8
BP 551
EP 558
DI 10.1016/j.actaastro.2011.04.019
PG 8
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 809GJ
UT WOS:000294039500022
ER

PT J
AU Atkinson, JC
AF Atkinson, Jon C.
TI Geochemistry analysis and evolution of a bolson aquifer, basin and range
   province in the southwestern united states
SO ENVIRONMENTAL EARTH SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Aqueous geochemistry; Geochemistry and trace elements; Hydrogeology;
   Surface water; Rio grande river; Texas; USA
AB This paper expands significantly on the major-ion geochemical characterization, evolution, and differentiation of groundwater in the Presidio-Redford Bolson (PRB) Aquifer of Texas as presented in Chowdhury et al. (2008). For 19 groundwater samples from the PRB Aquifer, the author calculated major cation-anion balance errors, equilibrium carbon dioxide partial pressure values and saturation indices for selected minerals. Comparison of major-ion analyses for groundwater from basin margin wells with those for basin center wells is documented and illustrated with ion-concentration maps and Piper and Stiff diagrams and reveals significant increases in concentrations of chloride, sulfate and sodium coupled with notable decrease of calcium in bolson-center well samples. These geochemical changes suggest dissolution of aquifer minerals and cation exchange as groundwater migrates downgradient to the bolson center. The US Geological Survey (USGS) computer code, NETPATH, was used to interpret probable net geochemical mass-balance reactions that potentially have occurred within the PRB Aquifer along groundwater flowpaths from bolson margin to bolson center. For all four upgradient-downgradient well pairs studied, at least three NETPATH models contain cation exchange values; calcium is being exchanged for sodium. The Rio Grande Alluvium Aquifer and Rio Grande River are notably minor sources of recharge to the PRB Aquifer, based on Chowdhury et al. (2008) and geochemical evaluations of this study.
C1 USAF, Ctr Engn & Environm, Restorat Branch AFCEE TDV, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
RP Atkinson, JC (reprint author), USAF, Ctr Engn & Environm, Restorat Branch AFCEE TDV, 2261 Hughes Ave Ste 155, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
EM jon@satx.rr.com
NR 15
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 9
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1866-6280
J9 ENVIRON EARTH SCI
JI Environ. Earth Sci.
PD SEP
PY 2011
VL 64
IS 1
BP 37
EP 46
DI 10.1007/s12665-010-0814-x
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources
GA 808EC
UT WOS:000293958600005
ER

PT J
AU McHale, SR
   McClory, JW
   Petrosky, JC
   Wu, J
   Rivera, A
   Palai, R
   Losovyj, YB
   Dowben, PA
AF McHale, S. R.
   McClory, J. W.
   Petrosky, J. C.
   Wu, J.
   Rivera, A.
   Palai, R.
   Losovyj, Ya B.
   Dowben, P. A.
TI Schottky barrier formation at the Au to rare earth doped GaN thin film
   interface
SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL-APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID N-TYPE GAN; FERMI-LEVEL MOVEMENT; GALLIUM NITRIDE; VALENCE-BAND;
   ELECTRONIC-PROPERTIES; METAL CONTACTS; PHOTOEMISSION; SPECTROSCOPY;
   STATES; DEPENDENCE
AB The Schottky barriers formed at the interface between gold and various rare earth doped GaN thin films (RE = Yb, Er, Gd) were investigated in situ using synchrotron photoemission spectroscopy. The resultant Schottky barrier heights were measured as 1.68 +/- 0.1 eV (Yb:GaN), 1.64 +/- 0.1 eV (Er:GaN), and 1.33 +/- 0.1 eV (Gd:GaN). We find compelling evidence that thin layers of gold do not wet and uniformly cover the GaN surface, even with rare earth doping of the GaN. Furthermore, the trend of the Schottky barrier heights follows the trend of the rare earth metal work function.
C1 [McHale, S. R.; McClory, J. W.; Petrosky, J. C.] USAF, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Wu, J.; Rivera, A.; Palai, R.] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Phys, Rio Piedras, PR 00931 USA.
   [Wu, J.; Rivera, A.; Palai, R.] Univ Puerto Rico, Inst Funct Nanomat, Rio Piedras, PR 00931 USA.
   [Losovyj, Ya B.] Louisiana State Univ, J Bennett Johnston Sr Ctr Adv Microstruct & Devic, Baton Rouge, LA 70806 USA.
   [Dowben, P. A.] Univ Nebraska, Nebraska Ctr Mat & Nanosci, Dept Phys & Astron, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA.
RP McHale, SR (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, 2950 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM stephen.mchale@afit.edu; john.mcclory@afit.edu
OI McClory, John/0000-0002-4303-2729
FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) [HDTRA1-07-1-0008,
   BRBAA08-I-2-0128]; Nebraska Materials Science and Engineering Center
   [DMR-0820521]; Institute for Functional Nanomaterials; NASA-IDEA-PR;
   Louisiana Board of Regents;  [DMR-0851703]
FX This work was supported by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA)
   through Grant Nos. HDTRA1-07-1-0008 and BRBAA08-I-2-0128, the Nebraska
   Materials Science and Engineering Center (DMR-0820521), the Institute
   for Functional Nanomaterials, and NASA-IDEA-PR. Additional support for
   undergraduates, at UNL, was provided by DMR-0851703. The J. Bennett
   Johnston Sr. Center for Advanced Microstructures and Devices (CAMD) is
   supported by the Louisiana Board of Regents.
NR 61
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 10
PU EDP SCIENCES S A
PI LES ULIS CEDEX A
PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A,
   FRANCE
SN 1286-0042
J9 EUR PHYS J-APPL PHYS
JI Eur. Phys. J.-Appl. Phys
PD SEP
PY 2011
VL 55
IS 3
AR 31301
DI 10.1051/epjap/2011110082
PG 8
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 808VK
UT WOS:000294009500017
ER

PT J
AU Ree, MJ
   Carretta, TR
AF Ree, Malcolm James
   Carretta, Thomas R.
TI The Observation of Incremental Validity Does Not Always Mean Unique
   Contribution to Prediction
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SELECTION AND ASSESSMENT
LA English
DT Article
AB Statistical analyses require proper interpretation. Misinterpretation leads to a lack of understanding of the relationships among variables. Worse, it can lead to misunderstanding of these relationships, which sometimes lead researchers and practitioners to infer the presence of a source of variance that is not present. This is especially true in regression where increased predictiveness from an additional variable may be due to either common or specific variance. In many instances, erroneous interpretation leads to erroneous attribution of the source of the improved prediction. Three examples are provided and methods for detecting specific variance are suggested.
C1 [Ree, Malcolm James] Our Lady Lake Univ, San Antonio, TX 78207 USA.
   [Carretta, Thomas R.] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA.
RP Ree, MJ (reprint author), Our Lady Lake Univ, 411 SW 24th St, San Antonio, TX 78207 USA.
EM mjree@lake.ollusa.edu
NR 9
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 4
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0965-075X
J9 INT J SELECT ASSESS
JI Int. J. Sel. Assess.
PD SEP
PY 2011
VL 19
IS 3
BP 276
EP 279
DI 10.1111/j.1468-2389.2011.00556.x
PG 4
WC Psychology, Applied; Management
SC Psychology; Business & Economics
GA 806GN
UT WOS:000293794400006
ER

PT J
AU Turner, TJ
   Semiatin, SL
AF Turner, T. J.
   Semiatin, S. L.
TI Modeling large-strain deformation behavior and neighborhood effects
   during hot working of a coarse-grain nickel-base superalloy
SO MODELLING AND SIMULATION IN MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
ID CHANNEL DIE COMPRESSION; INDIVIDUAL BULK GRAINS; POLYCRYSTAL PLASTICITY;
   LATTICE ROTATIONS; LOCALIZED DEFORMATION; CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS; THICK
   PLATE; ALUMINUM; TEXTURE; SIMULATIONS
AB Isothermal, uniaxial compression tests and accompanying numerical simulations were conducted on Waspaloy-ingot specimens to quantify deformation heterogeneity during hot working of coarse, columnar-grain materials. This was used as a means to approximate deformation processing in ingot materials. Electron-backscatter-diffraction (EBSD) measurements were made before and after compression testing to quantify microstructure evolution. A crystal-plasticity finite-element-method model, in which the starting microstructure was instantiated using EBSD scans of the undeformed material, was used to simulate the deformation. Good agreement was found between observations and simulation predictions of specimen profiles and intra-grain misorientations. The simulation results also revealed that the grain neighborhood appeared to be a principal factor controlling the heterogeneity of deformation at the grain scale. Significant differences in the simulated deformation of a given grain were noted for various arrangements of the orientations of its neighbors. In particular, the first-and second-nearest neighbors of a given grain have the most significant effect on heterogeneous deformation behavior.
C1 [Turner, T. J.; Semiatin, S. L.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, AFRL RXLMP, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Turner, TJ (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, AFRL RXLMP, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM Todd.Turner@wpafb.af.mil
RI SEMIATIN, SHELDON/E-7264-2017
FU Air Force Research Laboratory, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate
FX The authors would like to acknowledge the support and encouragement of
   the management of the Air Force Research Laboratory, Materials and
   Manufacturing Directorate. In addition, the support of Dr Nathan Barton,
   Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, was invaluable. He tirelessly
   answered all phone calls and e-mails, no matter how trivial, in his
   relentless pursuit to make high-performance computing available to the
   masses and those of us less computationally advantaged. Rick Martin,
   Lockheed Martin, was another valuable partner in ensuring access of the
   ALE3D code to the DoD High Performance Computing Center. Finally, the
   authors wish to acknowledge the support of the DoD Supercomputing
   Resource Center at the Air Force Research Laboratory for access to a
   highly parallelized computing architecture that made the computational
   portion of this paper possible.
NR 63
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 5
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0965-0393
J9 MODEL SIMUL MATER SC
JI Model. Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng.
PD SEP
PY 2011
VL 19
IS 6
AR 065010
DI 10.1088/0965-0393/19/6/065010
PG 25
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA 809JC
UT WOS:000294048100010
ER

PT J
AU Wealleans, JA
   Kirkpatrick, TC
   Rutledge, RE
AF Wealleans, James A.
   Kirkpatrick, Timothy C.
   Rutledge, Richard E.
TI The effects of dentin debris on the cyclic fatigue resistance of several
   nickel titanium rotary systems
SO ORAL SURGERY ORAL MEDICINE ORAL PATHOLOGY ORAL RADIOLOGY AND
   ENDODONTOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID ENDODONTIC INSTRUMENTS; CLINICAL-USE; DYNAMIC-MODEL; FILES; FRACTURE;
   FAILURE
AB Objective. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of impacted dentin debris on the cyclic fatigue resistance of a traditional ground file, an electropolished file, and a thermally treated twisted file.
   Study design. One hundred thirty-five files were rotated against bovine dentin or a highly polished surface at the manufacturers' recommended rotation speed with a continuous 5-mm axial movement of 1 cycle per second. The files were equally divided into 3 groups: group 1, contacting dentin for 500 cycles and then metal to failure; group 2, contacting metal only to failure; group 3, contacting dentin only to failure. Cycles to failure were analyzed using analysis of variance (P < .05).
   Results. K3 and Twisted Files outperformed EndoSequence files in the dentin-only group. No difference was found between the metal and dentin-metal groups.
   Conclusions. In the presence of dentin, the electropolished surface of the EndoSequence NiTi rotary files did not increase the files' cyclic fatigue resistance compared with K3 or Twisted Files of the same tip size and taper. (Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2011; 112:390-395)
C1 [Wealleans, James A.; Kirkpatrick, Timothy C.; Rutledge, Richard E.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Endodont, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
RP Kirkpatrick, TC (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Endodont, 59th Dent Training Squadron SGDTN,2450 Pepperrell, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
EM timothy.kirkpatrick@us.af.mil
NR 22
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 6
PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 1079-2104
J9 ORAL SURG ORAL MED O
JI Oral Surg. Oral Med. Oral Pathol. Oral Radiol. Endod.
PD SEP
PY 2011
VL 112
IS 3
BP 390
EP 395
DI 10.1016/j.tripleo.2011.01.032
PG 6
WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
GA 804AT
UT WOS:000293626600032
PM 21531595
ER

PT J
AU Viswanathan, GB
   Banerjee, R
   Singh, A
   Nag, S
   Tiley, J
   Fraser, HL
AF Viswanathan, G. B.
   Banerjee, R.
   Singh, A.
   Nag, S.
   Tiley, J.
   Fraser, H. L.
TI Precipitation of ordered phases in metallic solid solutions: A
   synergistic clustering and ordering process
SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Spinodal decomposition; Nickel-base superalloy; HRSTEM; APT
ID SPINODAL DECOMPOSITION; ATOM-PROBE; ALLOYS; AL; TRANSFORMATIONS; STAGE
AB The precipitation mechanism of ordered phases in metallic solid solutions has been a long-standing controversy due to the competing roles of chemical clustering (or phase separation) and chemical ordering. In the present study, this controversy has been resolved through the coupled use of aberration-corrected high-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy and atom probe tomography. The experimental results, obtained at atomic resolution, can only be interpreted satisfactorily on the basis of phase separation via spinodal decomposition followed by chemical ordering. (C) 2011 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Viswanathan, G. B.; Tiley, J.] USAF, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Res Lab, Dayton, OH 45309 USA.
   [Banerjee, R.; Singh, A.; Nag, S.] Univ N Texas, Ctr Adv Res & Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Denton, TX 76203 USA.
   [Fraser, H. L.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ctr Accelerated Maturat Mat, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
RP Viswanathan, GB (reprint author), USAF, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Res Lab, Dayton, OH 45309 USA.
EM gopal.viswanathan@wpafb.af.mil
NR 22
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 19
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6462
J9 SCRIPTA MATER
JI Scr. Mater.
PD SEP
PY 2011
VL 65
IS 6
BP 485
EP 488
DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2011.06.002
PG 4
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
   Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy &
   Metallurgical Engineering
GA 807WE
UT WOS:000293932900007
ER

PT J
AU Brockman, RA
   Pilchak, AL
   Porter, WJ
   John, R
AF Brockman, Robert A.
   Pilchak, Adam L.
   Porter, W. John, III
   John, Reji
TI Estimation of grain boundary diffusivity in near-alpha titanium
   polycrystals
SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Grain boundary diffusion; Oxidation; Micromechanical modeling; Electron
   backscattering
ID OXYGEN
AB The role of enhanced grain boundary diffusivity in high-temperature diffusion of interstitial elements through metals is widely recognized but poorly characterized in most materials. This paper summarizes an effort to estimate grain boundary diffusivity of oxygen in a near-CL titanium alloy, Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo-0.1Si, by explicitly incorporating microstructure obtained from electron backscatter diffraction into an analytical model. Attention is focused on near-surface diffusion behavior contributing to the rapid ingress of oxygen and possible crack initiation in high-temperature environments. (C) 2011 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Brockman, Robert A.; Porter, W. John, III] Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
   [Brockman, Robert A.; Pilchak, Adam L.; John, Reji] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, AFRL RXLM, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Brockman, RA (reprint author), Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
EM Robert.Brockman@udri.udayton.edu
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research [09RX24COR]; Air Force
   [FA8650-09-D-5223, FA8650-07-D-5800]
FX The financial support of the Air Force Office of Scientific Research
   through Task No. 09RX24COR (Dr. David Stargel, Program Manager) is
   gratefully acknowledged. The first three authors were partially
   supported under Air Force Onsite Contracts FA8650-09-D-5223 and
   FA8650-07-D-5800. The authors are grateful to J. Shank and Dr. F.
   Meisenkothen (Materials Characterization Facility, AFRL) for their
   assistance with the WDS experiments.
NR 13
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 9
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6462
J9 SCRIPTA MATER
JI Scr. Mater.
PD SEP
PY 2011
VL 65
IS 6
BP 513
EP 515
DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2011.06.015
PG 3
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
   Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy &
   Metallurgical Engineering
GA 807WE
UT WOS:000293932900014
ER

PT J
AU Brennan, J
AF Brennan, Joseph
TI A Surgeon's Journey
SO SOUTHERN MEDICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio Uniformed Serv Hlth Educ Consortium, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
RP Brennan, J (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio Uniformed Serv Hlth Educ Consortium, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
EM joseph.brennan@us.af.mil
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0038-4348
J9 SOUTH MED J
JI South.Med.J.
PD SEP
PY 2011
VL 104
IS 9
BP 621
EP 622
DI 10.1097/SMJ.0b013e3182297f27
PG 2
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 809HK
UT WOS:000294042200002
PM 21886077
ER

PT J
AU Parthasarathy, TA
   Porter, WJ
   Boone, S
   John, R
   Martin, P
AF Parthasarathy, T. A.
   Porter, W. J.
   Boone, S.
   John, R.
   Martin, P.
TI Life prediction under tension of titanium alloys that develop an
   oxygenated brittle case during use
SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Titanium; Brittle case; Alpha case; Cracks; Oxygen
AB A simple model was used to predict the tendency of an (alpha + beta) titanium alloy to crack under tension after exposure to air at temperature. The model was experimentally validated for minimum stress to crack and saturation crack spacing. A diffusion model for oxygen ingress as a function of time, temperature and oxygen partial pressure is outlined; together with the surface cracking model and empirical crack growth models, this enables the framework for a life prediction tool for arbitrary time-temperature-environment history. (C) 2011 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Parthasarathy, T. A.; Boone, S.; John, R.; Martin, P.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, AFRL RXLM, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Parthasarathy, T. A.; Boone, S.] UES Inc, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
   [Porter, W. J.] Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
RP Parthasarathy, TA (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, AFRL RXLM, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM triplicane.parthasarathy@wpafb.af.mil
RI Parthasarathy, Triplicane/B-7146-2011
OI Parthasarathy, Triplicane/0000-0002-5449-9754
FU US AFOSR [FA8650-09-D-5223, FA8650-10-D-5226]; Air Force Office of
   Scientific Research (AFOSR) [09RX24COR]
FX This work was performed at the Air Force Research Laboratory, Materials
   and Manufacturing Directorate, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH.
   W.J.P. was partially supported under onsite Air Force Contract
   FA8650-09-D-5223. T.A.P. and S.B. were working under USAF Contract #
   FA8650-10-D-5226 (funds from US AFOSR). The financial support of the Air
   Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) through AFOSR Task No.
   09RX24COR, Program Manager: Dr. David Stargel, is gratefully
   acknowledged.
NR 10
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 2
U2 10
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6462
J9 SCRIPTA MATER
JI Scr. Mater.
PD SEP
PY 2011
VL 65
IS 5
BP 420
EP 423
DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2011.05.025
PG 4
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
   Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy &
   Metallurgical Engineering
GA 797DV
UT WOS:000293105600012
ER

PT J
AU Tandon, GP
   Ragland, WR
AF Tandon, G. P.
   Ragland, W. R.
TI Influence of laminate lay-up on oxidation and damage growth: Isothermal
   aging
SO COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING
LA English
DT Article
DE Polymer-matrix composites (PMCs); Environmental degradation; Optical
   microscopy; Thermo-oxidation
ID ORGANIC MATRIX COMPOSITES; POLYMERIC COMPOSITES; THERMOOXIDATIVE
   BEHAVIOR; ANISOTROPIC OXIDATION; TEMPERATURE; PMR-15; FIBER;
   ENVIRONMENTS; PREDICTION; STABILITY
AB The thermo-oxidative behavior of a composite is significantly different from that of the constituents as the composite microstructure, including the fiber/matrix interphase/interface, architecture and ply lay-up introduce anisotropy in the diffusion and oxidation behavior. In this work, light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy techniques are used to characterize the oxidative process in laminated carbon fiber-reinforced polyimide composites. Four different composites are considered, namely, unidirectional [0](16T), quasi-isotropic [0 +/- 45/90](2S), cross-ply [0/90](4S), and angle-ply [+/- 45](2S) laminates. The observed anisotropy in composite oxidation is explained by carefully monitoring the development and growth of damage through the use of fluorescence imaging using dye impregnation. It is shown that the oxidation behavior of a laminate is strongly dependent on the ply stacking sequence, while alternative pathways for transport of oxygen into the interior of the composite are fiber-matrix debonds and matrix cracks that propagate with the oxidation front. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Tandon, G. P.; Ragland, W. R.] Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
   [Tandon, G. P.; Ragland, W. R.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, AFRL RXBC, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Tandon, GP (reprint author), Univ Dayton, Res Inst, 300 Coll Pk, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
EM Gyaneshwar.Tandon@wpafb.af.mil
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR);  [FA8650-05-D-5052]
FX This work was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research
   (AFOSR) under two programs, with Dr. Charles Lee and Dr. Joycelyn
   Harrison as the Program Managers, and Dr. Richard Hall as the AFRL
   program monitor. Funding was provided under Contract FA8650-05-D-5052.
   The authors gratefully acknowledge the assistance of Mr. Michael Nickell
   (UDRI) for aging specimens.
NR 37
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 2
U2 15
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1359-835X
J9 COMPOS PART A-APPL S
JI Compos. Pt. A-Appl. Sci. Manuf.
PD SEP
PY 2011
VL 42
IS 9
BP 1127
EP 1137
DI 10.1016/j.compositesa.2011.04.018
PG 11
WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Materials Science, Composites
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA 799VJ
UT WOS:000293313900008
ER

PT J
AU Venkataraman, M
   Chatterjee, M
   Kwiat, K
AF Venkataraman, Mukundan
   Chatterjee, Mainak
   Kwiat, Kevin
TI A dynamic reconfigurable routing framework for wireless sensor networks
SO AD HOC NETWORKS
LA English
DT Article
DE Wireless sensor networks; Multi-hop routing; Dynamic routing
AB Sensornet deployments of the future are expected to deliver a multitude of services, ranging from reliable sensing, real time streams, mission critical support, network reprogramming and so on. Naturally, no one routing protocol can sufficiently cater to the network layer functionalities expected. Severe resource constraints further limit the possibility of multiple routing protocols to be implemented. Further, vertically integrated designs of present protocols hinder synergy and code-reuse among implementations. In this paper, we present an architecture that allows applications to send different types of flows, often with conflicting communication requirements. A flow's requirements are made visible to our framework by using just 3 bits in the packet header. The core architecture is a collection of highly composable modules that allows rapid protocol development and deployment. We show that our framework can provide: (i) flow based network functionality that ensures each flow gets an application specific network layer which is dynamically knit as per the flow's needs, (ii) modular organization that promotes code-reuse, run time sharing, synergy and rapid protocol development and (iii) pull processing that allows flows to dictate their traffic rate in the network, and implement flexible scheduling policies. This creates a framework for developing, testing, integrating, and validating protocols that are highly portable from one deployment to another. Using our framework, we show that virtually any communication pattern can be described to the framework. We validate this by gathering requirements for one real world application scenario: predictive maintenance (PdM). The requirements are used to generate a fairly complete and realistic traffic workload to drive our evaluation. Using simulations and 40 node MicaZ testbed experiments, we show that our framework can meet the deployments demands at granularities not seen before in sensornets. We measure the costs of using this framework in terms of code size, memory footprints and forwarding costs on MicaZ motes. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Venkataraman, Mukundan; Chatterjee, Mainak] Univ Cent Florida, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Orlando, FL 32816 USA.
   [Kwiat, Kevin] USAF, Res Lab, New York, NY USA.
RP Venkataraman, M (reprint author), Univ Cent Florida, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Orlando, FL 32816 USA.
EM mukundan@eecs.ucf.edu; main-ak@eecs.ucf.edu; kevin.kwiat@rl.af.mil
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) [FA9550-07-1-0023]
FX This research was supported, in part, by the Air Force Office of
   Scientific Research (AFOSR) under the federal Grant No.
   FA9550-07-1-0023. Approved for Public Release; Distribution Unlimited:
   88ABW-2011-0368 dated 28 Jan 2011.
NR 27
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1570-8705
J9 AD HOC NETW
JI Ad Hoc Netw.
PD SEP
PY 2011
VL 9
IS 7
BP 1270
EP 1286
DI 10.1016/j.adhoc.2011.01.007
PG 17
WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Telecommunications
SC Computer Science; Telecommunications
GA 790WT
UT WOS:000292622200013
ER

PT J
AU Saraf, R
   Lee, HJ
   Michielsen, S
   Owens, J
   Willis, C
   Stone, C
   Wilusz, E
AF Saraf, Rahul
   Lee, Hoon Joo
   Michielsen, Stephen
   Owens, Jeffery
   Willis, Colin
   Stone, Corinne
   Wilusz, Eugene
TI Comparison of three methods for generating superhydrophobic,
   superoleophobic nylon nonwoven surfaces
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID ROUGH SURFACES; WETTABILITY; DESIGN; ENERGY; LOTUS
AB This research deals with creating a superhydrophobic/superoleophobic surface by preparing a metastable Cassie-Baxter (CB) surface. To create a CB surface it is essential to have low surface energy and properly constructed surface morphology. We have explored three different techniques to achieve superhydrophobicity and superoleophobicity using hydroentangled nylon nonwoven fabric: pulsed plasma polymerization of 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyl acrylate (PFAC8), microwave-assisted condensation of 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyltrimethoxysilane (FS), and FS condensation through wet processing. Nonwoven fabric materials prepared using these three techniques were superhydrophobic and superoleophobic as shown by their very high contact angles for both water (contact angles of 168-174A degrees) and dodecane (contact angles of 153-160A degrees). The measured contact angles agree with the predicted values obtained through designing a CB surface.
C1 [Saraf, Rahul; Lee, Hoon Joo; Michielsen, Stephen] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
   [Owens, Jeffery] USAF, Res Lab, Tyndall AFB, FL 32403 USA.
   [Willis, Colin; Stone, Corinne] Def Sci & Technol Lab, Salisbury SP4 0JQ, Wilts, England.
   [Wilusz, Eugene] USA, Natick Soldier Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA.
RP Lee, HJ (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
EM hoonjoo_lee@ncsu.edu
RI Michielsen, Stephen/C-4726-2015
OI Michielsen, Stephen/0000-0001-8743-1521
FU US Army Natick Soldier Research Development and Engineering Center
   (NSRDEC); Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) [FA8650-07-1-5903];
   Defense Threat Reduction Agency-Joint Science and Technology Office for
   Chemical and Biological Defense [HDTRA1-08-1-0049]
FX This material was partially sponsored by US Army Natick Soldier Research
   Development and Engineering Center (NSRDEC) and Air Force Research
   Laboratory (AFRL) [grant number FA8650-07-1-5903]; and The Defense
   Threat Reduction Agency-Joint Science and Technology Office for Chemical
   and Biological Defense [grant number HDTRA1-08-1-0049]. The U.S.
   Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for
   Governmental purposes notwithstanding any copyright notation thereon. We
   thank the Nonwoven Institute (NI) for sharing hydro-entangled nonwoven
   fabric with us.
NR 27
TC 24
Z9 25
U1 3
U2 67
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0022-2461
J9 J MATER SCI
JI J. Mater. Sci.
PD SEP
PY 2011
VL 46
IS 17
BP 5751
EP 5760
DI 10.1007/s10853-011-5530-8
PG 10
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA 774CU
UT WOS:000291359700020
ER

PT J
AU Lochtefeld, DF
   Ciarallo, FW
AF Lochtefeld, Darrell F.
   Ciarallo, Frank W.
TI Helper-objective optimization strategies for the Job-Shop Scheduling
   Problem
SO APPLIED SOFT COMPUTING
LA English
DT Article
DE Multi-objectivization; Helper-Objective; Job Shop Scheduling Problem
   (JSSP); Epistasis
ID GENETIC ALGORITHMS; SEARCH; EPISTASIS
AB Multiple Objective Evolutionary Algorithms (MOEAs) applied to the Job-Shop Scheduling Problem have been shown to perform better than single objective Genetic Algorithms (GAs). Helper-objectives, representing portions of the main objective, help guide MOEAs in their search process. This paper provides additional understanding of helper-objective methods. The sequence in which helper-objectives are used is examined and we show that problem-specific knowledge can be incorporated to determine a good helper-objective sequence. Computational results demonstrate how carefully sequenced helper-objectives can improve search quality. This dismisses the established practice of picking helper sequence based upon a random order due to lack of knowledge about optimal sequencing. Explanations are provided for how helpers accelerate the search process by distinguishing between otherwise similar solutions and by partial removal of epistasis in one or more dimensions of the solution space. Helper-objective size was also explored to determine if maximal helper divisions are best for the set of problems studied. Helper-objective size appears to be important to the optimization and larger helpers are not necessarily better which implies that methods such as Multi-Objectivization via Segmentation (MOS) may benefit from smaller problem divisions. Lastly, an examination of the non-dominated front size was performed to determine if tuning front size makes sense for this type of algorithm since previous works have established tuning front size as important. No evidence was found to support tuning and the correlation between small front size and effectiveness appears to be a natural part of how helper-objective algorithms work rather than a reason for reducing front size. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Lochtefeld, Darrell F.] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Ciarallo, Frank W.] Wright State Univ, BIE Dept, Dayton, OH 45435 USA.
RP Lochtefeld, DF (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, 2729 R St,Bldg 837, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM darrell.lochtefeld@wpafb.af.mil; frank.ciarallo@wright.edu
NR 38
TC 19
Z9 20
U1 2
U2 9
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1568-4946
J9 APPL SOFT COMPUT
JI Appl. Soft. Comput.
PD SEP
PY 2011
VL 11
IS 6
BP 4161
EP 4174
DI 10.1016/j.asoc.2011.03.007
PG 14
WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science,
   Interdisciplinary Applications
SC Computer Science
GA 763MG
UT WOS:000290561000010
ER

PT J
AU Ullrich, B
   Brown, GJ
AF Ullrich, B.
   Brown, G. J.
TI Doping of GaAs by laser ablated ZnTe
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; AUGER RECOMBINATION; SEMICONDUCTORS; DEEP;
   EFFICIENCY; EPILAYERS
AB The exposure of GaAs to laser ablated ZnTe causes the formation of donor (Te)-acceptor (Zn) pair states. The photonically transferred dopants resulted in a distinct transition at 1.378 eV (FWHM <= 30 meV), visualized by room temperature photocurrent spectroscopy. The presence of impurity absorption in the GaAs was confirmed by transmission measurements. Notably, from the standpoint of technological applications, flipping the applied bias (+/-1.0 V) to the ZnTe/GaAs heterostructure switches the spectral photocurrent response between the fundamental GaAs absorption and the donor-acceptor transition peak. The results further reveal the influence of the ablating laser line on the optoelectronic device properties. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3630033]
C1 [Ullrich, B.; Brown, G. J.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Ullrich, B (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM bruno.ullrich@yahoo.com
NR 20
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
   MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD AUG 29
PY 2011
VL 99
IS 9
AR 091103
DI 10.1063/1.3630033
PG 6
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 814XA
UT WOS:000294489300003
ER

PT J
AU Bai, ZW
   Dang, TD
   Kim, SN
   Rao, R
   Naik, RR
AF Bai, Zongwu
   Dang, Thuy D.
   Kim, Sang N.
   Rao, Rahul
   Naik, Rajesh R.
TI Morphological and physical properties of DNA/graphene layered
   bio-nanocomposites
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011
CL Denver, CO
SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS)
C1 [Bai, Zongwu; Rao, Rahul] Univ Dayton, UDRI, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
   [Dang, Thuy D.; Naik, Rajesh R.] AFRL, RXBN, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
   [Kim, Sang N.] UES Inc, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
EM zongwu.bai.ctr@wpafb.af.mil
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 28
PY 2011
VL 242
MA 638-POLY
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 880BE
UT WOS:000299378307348
ER

PT J
AU Bickley, AA
   Bevins, J
   Caruso, A
   Petrosky, J
   McClory, J
   Dowben, P
   Miller, W
AF Bickley, Abigail A.
   Bevins, James
   Caruso, Anthony
   Petrosky, James
   McClory, John
   Dowben, Peter
   Miller, William
TI Design and testing of a boron carbide based neutron spectrometer for
   homeland security applications
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011
CL Denver, CO
SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS)
C1 [Bickley, Abigail A.; Bevins, James; Petrosky, James; McClory, John] USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Engn Phys, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Caruso, Anthony] Univ Missouri, Dept Phys, Kansas City, MO 64110 USA.
   [Dowben, Peter] Univ Nebraska, Dept Phys & Astron, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA.
   [Miller, William] Univ Missouri, Dept Nucl Engn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
EM abigail.bickley@afit.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 28
PY 2011
VL 242
MA 39-NUCL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 880BE
UT WOS:000299378304815
ER

PT J
AU Brown, J
   Lee, J
   Varshney, V
   Roy, A
   Farmer, B
AF Brown, Joshua
   Lee, Jonghoon (Jay)
   Varshney, Vikas
   Roy, Ajit
   Farmer, Barry
TI Phonon energy transmission in carbon nanotube structures: Phonon wave
   packet study
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011
CL Denver, CO
SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS)
C1 [Roy, Ajit; Farmer, Barry] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
   [Brown, Joshua; Lee, Jonghoon (Jay); Varshney, Vikas] Universal Technol Corp, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
EM barry.farmer@wpafb.af.mil
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 28
PY 2011
VL 242
MA 664-POLY
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 880BE
UT WOS:000299378307376
ER

PT J
AU Bunker, CE
   Fernando, KAS
   Smith, MJ
   McNamara, ND
   Miller, BA
   McDermott, JI
   Guliants, EA
AF Bunker, Christopher E.
   Fernando, K. A. Shiral
   Smith, Marcus J.
   McNamara, Nicholas D.
   Miller, Barbara A.
   McDermott, Jacob I.
   Guliants, Elena A.
TI Synthesis and characterization of energetic nanomaterials for energy
   applications
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011
CL Denver, CO
SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS)
C1 [Fernando, K. A. Shiral; McNamara, Nicholas D.; Miller, Barbara A.; Guliants, Elena A.] Univ Dayton, Nanochem & Nanoengn Grp, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
   [Bunker, Christopher E.; McDermott, Jacob I.; Guliants, Elena A.] USAF, Prop Directorate, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM christopher.bunker@wpafb.af.mil
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 28
PY 2011
VL 242
MA 274-FUEL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 880BE
UT WOS:000299378303189
ER

PT J
AU Buquoi, JQ
   Pierson, SN
   Kettwich, SC
   Smith, DW
   Iacono, ST
AF Buquoi, John Q.
   Pierson, Scott N.
   Kettwich, Sharon C.
   Smith, Dennis W., Jr.
   Iacono, Scott T.
TI Tailorable multifunctional materials from partially fluorianted aryl
   ether polymers
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011
CL Denver, CO
SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS)
C1 [Buquoi, John Q.; Pierson, Scott N.; Kettwich, Sharon C.; Iacono, Scott T.] USAF Acad, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
   [Smith, Dennis W., Jr.] Univ Texas Dallas, Dept Chem, Richardson, TX 75080 USA.
EM scott.iacono@usafa.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 28
PY 2011
VL 242
MA 611-POLY
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 880BE
UT WOS:000299378307320
ER

PT J
AU Christe, KO
   Boatz, JA
   Jenkins, HDB
   Garner, EB
   Dixon, DA
AF Christe, Karl O.
   Boatz, Jerry A.
   Jenkins, H. Donald Brooke
   Garner, Edward B.
   Dixon, David A.
TI Why are [P(C6H5)(4)]N-+(3)- and [As(C6H5)(4)]N-+(3)- ionic salts and
   Sb(C6H5)(4)N-3 and Bi(C6H5)(4)N-3 are covalent solids? A theoretical
   study provides an unexpected answer
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011
CL Denver, CO
SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS)
C1 [Christe, Karl O.] Univ So Calif, Dept Chem, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
   [Boatz, Jerry A.] USAF, Space & Missile Prop Div, Res Lab, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA.
   [Jenkins, H. Donald Brooke] Univ Warwick, Dept Chem, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England.
   [Garner, Edward B.; Dixon, David A.] Univ Alabama, Dept Chem, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
EM kchriste@usc.edu
RI Christe, Karl/O-4885-2014
OI Christe, Karl/0000-0003-0661-5519
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 28
PY 2011
VL 242
MA 10-FLUO
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 880BE
UT WOS:000299378302826
ER

PT J
AU Crouse, CA
   Pierce, CJ
   Spowart, JE
AF Crouse, Christopher A.
   Pierce, Christian J.
   Spowart, Jonathan E.
TI Synthesis and reactivity of aluminum nanoparticle/Zonyl TM fluoropolymer
   composites
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011
CL Denver, CO
SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS)
C1 [Crouse, Christopher A.; Pierce, Christian J.; Spowart, Jonathan E.] USAF, Mat & Manufactoring Directorate, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Crouse, Christopher A.] UES Inc, Beavercreek, OH 45432 USA.
EM christopher.crouse.ctr@wpafb.af.mil
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 28
PY 2011
VL 242
MA 612-POLY
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 880BE
UT WOS:000299378307321
ER

PT J
AU Dang, TD
   Kim, SN
   Koerner, H
   Drummy, LF
   Bai, ZW
   Jones, JG
AF Dang, Thuy D.
   Kim, Sang N.
   Koerner, Hilmar
   Drummy, Larry F.
   Bai, Zongwu
   Jones, John G.
TI Graphene/benzimidazobenzophenanthroline (BBL): Nanomaterials in
   potentially multifunctional polymer composites
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011
CL Denver, CO
SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS)
C1 [Dang, Thuy D.] WPAFB, RXBN, AFRL, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
   [Kim, Sang N.; Koerner, Hilmar; Drummy, Larry F.] UES Inc, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
   [Bai, Zongwu] Univ Dayton, UDRI, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
   [Jones, John G.] WPAFB, RXBT, AFRL, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
EM thuy.dang@wpafb.af.mil
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 5
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 28
PY 2011
VL 242
MA 512-POLY
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 880BE
UT WOS:000299378307217
ER

PT J
AU Drachuk, I
   Harbaugh, S
   Carter, J
   Shchepelina, O
   Kelley-Loughane, N
   Stone, M
   Tsukruk, VV
AF Drachuk, Irina
   Harbaugh, Svetlana
   Carter, Jessica
   Shchepelina, Olga
   Kelley-Loughane, Nancy
   Stone, Morley
   Tsukruk, Vladimir V.
TI Non-ionic hydrogen-bonded LbL shells with improved biocompatibility for
   cell encapsulation
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011
CL Denver, CO
SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS)
C1 [Drachuk, Irina; Carter, Jessica; Shchepelina, Olga; Tsukruk, Vladimir V.] Georgia Inst Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
   [Harbaugh, Svetlana; Kelley-Loughane, Nancy; Stone, Morley] USAF, Res Lab, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
EM irina.drachuk@mse.gatech.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 28
PY 2011
VL 242
MA 101-COLL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 880BE
UT WOS:000299378301513
ER

PT J
AU Duan, XFF
   Burggraf, LW
   Hocking, HE
   Gardella, JA
   Yatzor, BP
AF Duan, Xiaofeng F.
   Burggraf, Larry W.
   Hocking, Hannah E.
   Gardella, Joseph A.
   Yatzor, Brett P.
TI Theoretical study on U3Ox cation SIMS intensity distributions by DFT
   methods
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011
CL Denver, CO
SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS)
C1 [Duan, Xiaofeng F.] AFRL DoD Supercomp Resource Ctr, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Burggraf, Larry W.; Hocking, Hannah E.] USAF, Dept Engn Phys, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Gardella, Joseph A.; Yatzor, Brett P.] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Chem, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.
EM xiaofeng.duan@wpafb.af.mil
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 28
PY 2011
VL 242
MA 190-COMP
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 880BE
UT WOS:000299378302122
ER

PT J
AU Fantasia, RC
   Pierson, SN
   Hawkins, CG
   Iacono, ST
   Kettwich, SC
AF Fantasia, Ryan C.
   Pierson, Scott N.
   Hawkins, Casey G.
   Iacono, Scott T.
   Kettwich, Sharon C.
TI Facile route towards perfluoropolyether segmented poly(urethane)s
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011
CL Denver, CO
SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS)
C1 [Fantasia, Ryan C.; Pierson, Scott N.; Hawkins, Casey G.; Iacono, Scott T.; Kettwich, Sharon C.] USAF Acad, Dept Chem, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
EM Sharon.Kettwich@usafa.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 28
PY 2011
VL 242
MA 655-POLY
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 880BE
UT WOS:000299378307367
ER

PT J
AU Farmer, BL
AF Farmer, Barry L.
TI Polymeric materials for Air Force applications
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011
CL Denver, CO
SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS)
C1 [Farmer, Barry L.] USAF, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM barry.farmer@wpafb.af.mil
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 28
PY 2011
VL 242
MA 260-POLY
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 880BE
UT WOS:000299378306846
ER

PT J
AU Guenthner, AJ
   Lamison, KR
   Yandek, GR
   Masurat, KC
   Reams, JT
   Cambrea, LR
   Mabry, JM
AF Guenthner, Andrew J.
   Lamison, Kevin R.
   Yandek, Gregory R.
   Masurat, Kenneth C.
   Reams, Josiah T.
   Cambrea, Lee R.
   Mabry, Joseph M.
TI Role of concurrent chemical and physical processes in determining the
   maximum use temperatures of thermosetting polymers for aerospace
   applications
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011
CL Denver, CO
SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS)
C1 [Reams, Josiah T.] USAF, Prop Directorate, Natl Res Council, Res Lab, Edwards Afb, CA 93524 USA.
   [Lamison, Kevin R.; Masurat, Kenneth C.] ERC Inc, Edwards Afb, CA 93524 USA.
   [Cambrea, Lee R.] USN, Air Warfare Ctr, China Lake, CA 93555 USA.
EM andrew.guenthner@edwards.af.mil
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 28
PY 2011
VL 242
MA 262-POLY
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 880BE
UT WOS:000299378306848
ER

PT J
AU Harbaugh, SV
   Murdock, RC
   Davidson, ME
   Chavez, JL
   Narayanan, L
   Kelley-Loughnane, N
   Stone, MO
AF Harbaugh, Svetlana V.
   Murdock, Richard C.
   Davidson, Molly E.
   Chavez, Jorge L.
   Narayanan, Latha
   Kelley-Loughnane, Nancy
   Stone, Morley O.
TI Effect of different encapsulation techniques on cellular functionality
   of synthetic riboswitches
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011
CL Denver, CO
SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS)
C1 [Harbaugh, Svetlana V.; Murdock, Richard C.; Davidson, Molly E.; Chavez, Jorge L.; Narayanan, Latha; Kelley-Loughnane, Nancy; Stone, Morley O.] USAF, Human Effectiveness Directorate, Res Lab, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
EM svetlana.harbaugh.ctr@wpafb.af.mil
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 28
PY 2011
VL 242
MA 106-BIOL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 880BE
UT WOS:000299378300660
ER

PT J
AU Jespersen, ML
   Mirau, PA
   von Meerwall, ED
   Vaia, RA
   Fernandes, NJ
   Giannelis, EP
AF Jespersen, Michael L.
   Mirau, Peter A.
   von Meerwall, Ernst D.
   Vaia, Richard A.
   Fernandes, Nikhil J.
   Giannelis, Emmanuel P.
TI NMR characterization of canopy dynamics in nanoscale ionic materials
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011
CL Denver, CO
SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS)
C1 [Jespersen, Michael L.; Mirau, Peter A.; Vaia, Richard A.] USAF, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Jespersen, Michael L.] UES Inc, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
   [von Meerwall, Ernst D.] Univ Akron, Dept Phys, Akron, OH 44325 USA.
   [Fernandes, Nikhil J.] Cornell Univ, Sch Appl & Engn Phys, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
   [Giannelis, Emmanuel P.] Cornell Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
EM michael.jespersen.ctr@wpafb.af.mil
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 5
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 28
PY 2011
VL 242
MA 381-COLL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 880BE
UT WOS:000299378301798
ER

PT J
AU Jespersen, ML
   Oyerokun, FT
   Pitt, ES
   King, TM
   Vaia, RA
AF Jespersen, Michael L.
   Oyerokun, Folusho T.
   Pitt, Eric S.
   King, Travis M.
   Vaia, Richard A.
TI Phase behavior of two-component thiol SAMs on immobilized gold
   nanoparticles characterized by XPS
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011
CL Denver, CO
SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS)
C1 [Jespersen, Michael L.; Oyerokun, Folusho T.; Pitt, Eric S.; Vaia, Richard A.] USAF, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Jespersen, Michael L.] UES Inc, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
   [Oyerokun, Folusho T.] CNR, Washington, DC 20001 USA.
   [King, Travis M.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
EM michael.jespersen.ctr@wpafb.af.mil
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 28
PY 2011
VL 242
MA 231-COLL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 880BE
UT WOS:000299378301646
ER

PT J
AU Kanel, SR
   Danner, KM
   McPherson, A
   Goltz, MN
   Agrawal, A
AF Kanel, Sushil R.
   Danner, Kelsey M.
   McPherson, Andrew
   Goltz, Mark N.
   Agrawal, Abinash
TI Degradation of carbon tetrachloride by nickel-modified nanoscale
   zerovalent iron stabilized with CMC
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011
CL Denver, CO
SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS)
C1 [Kanel, Sushil R.; Danner, Kelsey M.; Agrawal, Abinash] Wright State Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Dayton, OH 45435 USA.
   [Kanel, Sushil R.; McPherson, Andrew; Goltz, Mark N.] USAF, Dept Syst & Engn Management, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM abinash.agrawal@wright.edu
RI Agrawal, Abinash/B-8048-2013
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 28
PY 2011
VL 242
MA 297-ENVR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 880BE
UT WOS:000299378302583
ER

PT J
AU Knoerzer, T
   Mascarenas, JL
AF Knoerzer, Timm
   Mascarenas, Jose Luis
TI Tetrapodal molecular framework for the development of artificial
   transcription factors
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011
CL Denver, CO
SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS)
C1 [Knoerzer, Timm] USAF Acad, Dept Chem, Usafa, CO 80840 USA.
   [Mascarenas, Jose Luis] Univ Santiago Compostela, Dept Quim Organ, Santiago De Compostela, Spain.
EM timm.knoerzer@usafa.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 28
PY 2011
VL 242
MA 666-ORGN
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 880BE
UT WOS:000299378305567
ER

PT J
AU Lee, KM
   Wang, DH
   Koerner, H
   Vaia, RA
   Tan, LS
   White, TJ
AF Lee, Kyung Min
   Wang, David H.
   Koerner, Hilmar
   Vaia, Richard A.
   Tan, Loon-Seng
   White, Timothy J.
TI Photomechanical behaviors of glassy, amorphous azo-polyimide networks
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011
CL Denver, CO
SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS)
C1 [Lee, Kyung Min; Wang, David H.; Koerner, Hilmar; Vaia, Richard A.; Tan, Loon-Seng; White, Timothy J.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Lee, Kyung Min] Azimuth Corp, Dayton, OH USA.
   [Wang, David H.; Koerner, Hilmar] UES, Dayton, OH USA.
EM kyungmin.lee@wpafb.af.mil
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 28
PY 2011
VL 242
MA 109-POLY
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 880BE
UT WOS:000299378306691
ER

PT J
AU Li, Q
   Ma, J
   Li, YN
   Mathews, M
   White, TJ
   Bunning, TJ
AF Li, Quan
   Ma, Ji
   Li, Yannian
   Mathews, Manoj
   White, Timothy J.
   Bunning, Timothy J.
TI Light-driven chiral molecular switches for dynamic reflection color
   phototuning
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011
CL Denver, CO
SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS)
C1 [Li, Quan; Ma, Ji; Li, Yannian; Mathews, Manoj] Kent State Univ, Inst Liquid Crystal, Kent, OH 44242 USA.
   [White, Timothy J.; Bunning, Timothy J.] USAF, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Res Lab, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
EM qli1@kent.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 28
PY 2011
VL 242
MA 382-ORGN
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 880BE
UT WOS:000299378305275
ER

PT J
AU McPherson, A
   Kanel, S
   Danner, K
   Agrawal, A
   Goltz, MN
AF McPherson, Andrew
   Kanel, Sushil
   Danner, Kelsey
   Agrawal, Abinash
   Goltz, Mark N.
TI Degradation of carbon tetrachloride by stabilized bimetallic nanoscale
   zerovalent iron
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011
CL Denver, CO
SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS)
C1 [McPherson, Andrew; Kanel, Sushil; Goltz, Mark N.] USAF, Dept Syst & Engn Management, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Kanel, Sushil; Danner, Kelsey; Agrawal, Abinash] Wright State Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Dayton, OH 45435 USA.
EM mark.goltz@afit.edu
RI Agrawal, Abinash/B-8048-2013
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 28
PY 2011
VL 242
MA 298-ENVR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 880BE
UT WOS:000299378302584
ER

PT J
AU Minton, TK
   Marquez, S
   Shen, LH
   Marshall, B
   Zhang, JM
   Cooper, R
   Tomczak, SJ
AF Minton, Timothy K.
   Marquez, Sara
   Shen, Linhan
   Marshall, Brooks
   Zhang, Jianming
   Cooper, Russell
   Tomczak, Sandra J.
TI Atomic oxygen effects on POSS polyimides
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011
CL Denver, CO
SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS)
C1 [Minton, Timothy K.; Marquez, Sara; Shen, Linhan; Marshall, Brooks; Zhang, Jianming; Cooper, Russell] Montana State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
   [Tomczak, Sandra J.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat Applicat Branch, AFRL RZSM, Edwards Afb, CA 93524 USA.
EM tminton@montana.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 28
PY 2011
VL 242
MA 29-POLY
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 880BE
UT WOS:000299378306877
ER

PT J
AU Petri, BG
   Illangasekare, T
   Christ, J
   Sakaki, T
   Sauck, C
AF Petri, Benjamin G.
   Illangasekare, Tissa
   Christ, John
   Sakaki, Toshihiro
   Sauck, Carolyn
TI Effect of source conditions on mass-transfer from nonaqueous phase
   liquids to soil gas in the vadose zone
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011
CL Denver, CO
SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS)
C1 [Petri, Benjamin G.; Illangasekare, Tissa; Sakaki, Toshihiro; Sauck, Carolyn] Colorado Sch Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
   [Christ, John] US AF Acad, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM bpetri@mymail.mines.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 28
PY 2011
VL 242
MA 148-ENVR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 880BE
UT WOS:000299378302420
ER

PT J
AU Ramirez, SM
   Campos, R
   Diaz, Y
   Haddad, TS
   Mabry, JM
AF Ramirez, Sean M.
   Campos, Raymond
   Diaz, Yvonne
   Haddad, Timothy S.
   Mabry, Joseph M.
TI Fluoroalkyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (F-POSS) based monomers
   and polymers
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011
CL Denver, CO
SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS)
C1 [Ramirez, Sean M.; Campos, Raymond; Haddad, Timothy S.] USAF, ERC Inc, Res Lab, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA.
   [Diaz, Yvonne; Mabry, Joseph M.] USAF, Space & Missile Prop Div, Res Lab, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA.
EM sean.ramirez.ctr@edwards.af.mil
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 28
PY 2011
VL 242
MA 558-POLY
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 880BE
UT WOS:000299378307263
ER

PT J
AU Robota, HJ
   Morris, RW
   Smith, RK
AF Robota, Heinz J.
   Morris, Robert W., Jr.
   Smith, Russel K.
TI US Air Force\'s assured aerospace fuels research facility
   Fischer-Tropsch liquids upgrading reactor
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011
CL Denver, CO
SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS)
C1 [Robota, Heinz J.] Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
   [Morris, Robert W., Jr.] USAF, RZPF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Smith, Russel K.] Battelle Mem Inst, Columbus, OH 43201 USA.
EM heinz.robota@udri.udayton.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 28
PY 2011
VL 242
MA 124-FUEL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 880BE
UT WOS:000299378303036
ER

PT J
AU Stone, RL
   Campos, R
   Ramirez, S
   Haddad, T
   Mabry, J
AF Stone, Rebecca L.
   Campos, Ray
   Ramirez, Sean
   Haddad, Timothy
   Mabry, Joseph
TI Synthesis and characterization of SF5 terminated fluorinated polyhedral
   oligomeric silsequioxanes (SF5-POSS)
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011
CL Denver, CO
SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS)
C1 [Stone, Rebecca L.; Mabry, Joseph] AF Res Lab, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA.
EM rstone5585@gmail.com
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 28
PY 2011
VL 242
MA 528-POLY
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 880BE
UT WOS:000299378307231
ER

PT J
AU Sun, WF
   Zhang, BG
   Shao, P
   Li, YJ
   Liu, R
   Li, ZJ
   Pritchett, TM
   Haley, JE
   Azenkeng, A
AF Sun, Wenfang
   Zhang, Bingguang
   Shao, Pin
   Li, Yunjing
   Liu, Rui
   Li, Zhongjing
   Pritchett, Timothy M.
   Haley, Joy E.
   Azenkeng, Alexander
TI Platinum(II) terdentate/diimine complexes as broadband nonlinear
   absorbing materials
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011
CL Denver, CO
SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS)
C1 [Sun, Wenfang; Zhang, Bingguang; Shao, Pin; Li, Yunjing; Liu, Rui; Li, Zhongjing] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Fargo, ND 58108 USA.
   [Pritchett, Timothy M.] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA.
   [Haley, Joy E.] USAF, Res Lab, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
   [Azenkeng, Alexander] Univ N Dakota, Energy & Environm Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA.
EM Wenfang.Sun@ndsu.edu
RI shao, pin/D-5790-2011; Liu, Rui/G-3772-2014; li, zhongjing/H-4945-2014
OI li, zhongjing/0000-0002-0125-9693
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 28
PY 2011
VL 242
MA 648-POLY
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 880BE
UT WOS:000299378307359
ER

PT J
AU Turner, DB
   Check, M
   Hunter, C
   Glavin, N
   Turro, C
   Leed, N
AF Turner, David B.
   Check, Michael
   Hunter, Chad
   Glavin, Nicholas
   Turro, Claudia
   Leed, Nicholas
TI Reversible ruthenium molecular switch with visible/thermal actuation
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011
CL Denver, CO
SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS)
C1 [Turner, David B.; Check, Michael; Hunter, Chad; Glavin, Nicholas] USAF, Thermal Management Branch, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Turro, Claudia; Leed, Nicholas] Ohio State Univ, Dept Chem, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
EM David.Turner.ctr@wpafb.af.mil
RI Turro, Claudia/H-5335-2015
OI Turro, Claudia/0000-0003-3202-5870
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 28
PY 2011
VL 242
MA 549-INOR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 880BE
UT WOS:000299378304260
ER

PT J
AU Tuteja, A
   Kota, A
   Kwon, G
   Mabry, JM
AF Tuteja, Anish
   Kota, Arun
   Kwon, Gibum
   Mabry, Joseph M.
TI Hygro-responsive surfaces: A new approach for oil-water emulsion
   separation
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011
CL Denver, CO
SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS)
C1 [Tuteja, Anish; Kota, Arun; Kwon, Gibum] Univ Michigan, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
   [Mabry, Joseph M.] USAF, Edwards ABF, Res Lab, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA.
EM atuteja@umich.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 7
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 28
PY 2011
VL 242
MA 652-POLY
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 880BE
UT WOS:000299378307364
ER

PT J
AU Yandek, GR
   Haddad, TS
   Guenthner, AJ
   Mabry, JM
AF Yandek, Gregory R.
   Haddad, Timothy S.
   Guenthner, Andrew J.
   Mabry, Joseph M.
TI Synthesis and properties of bis(aniline,
   methyl)siloxy-octaphenylsilsesquioxane containing thermosetting
   polyimide oligomers
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 242nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2011
CL Denver, CO
SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS)
C1 [Yandek, Gregory R.; Guenthner, Andrew J.; Mabry, Joseph M.] USAF, Space & Missile Prop Div, Res Lab, Edwards Afb, CA 93524 USA.
   [Haddad, Timothy S.] ERC Inc, Edwards Afb, CA 93524 USA.
EM gregory.yandek@edwards.af.mil
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 28
PY 2011
VL 242
MA 429-POLY
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 880BE
UT WOS:000299378307128
ER

PT J
AU Rynkiewicz, D
   Rathkopf, M
   Sim, I
   Waytes, AT
   Hopkins, RJ
   Giri, L
   DeMuria, D
   Ransom, J
   Quinn, J
   Nabors, GS
   Nielsen, CJ
AF Rynkiewicz, Dianna
   Rathkopf, Melinda
   Sim, Iain
   Waytes, A. Thomas
   Hopkins, Robert J.
   Giri, Lallan
   DeMuria, Deborah
   Ransom, Janet
   Quinn, James
   Nabors, Gary S.
   Nielsen, Carl J.
TI Marked enhancement of the immune response to BioThrax (R) (Anthrax
   Vaccine Adsorbed) by the TLR9 agonist CPG 7909 in healthy volunteers
SO VACCINE
LA English
DT Article
DE BioThrax; Anthrax Vaccine Adsorbed; CPG 7909; CpG; Oligodeoxynucleotide;
   Clinical trial; Adjuvant
ID LETHAL TOXIN NEUTRALIZATION; INHALATIONAL ANTHRAX; BACILLUS-ANTHRACIS;
   POSTEXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS; PROTECTIVE ANTIGEN; IMMUNOGLOBULIN-G; ADVERSE
   EVENTS; UNITED-STATES; OLIGONUCLEOTIDES; ADJUVANT
AB Immunization with BioThrax (R) (Anthrax Vaccine Adsorbed) is a safe and effective means of preventing anthrax. Animal studies have demonstrated that the addition of CpG DNA adjuvants to BioThrax can markedly increase the immunogenicity of the vaccine, increasing both serum anti-protective antigen (PA) antibody and anthrax toxin-neutralizing antibody (TNA) concentrations. The immune response to CpG-adjuvanted BioThrax in animals was not only stronger, but was also more rapid and led to higher levels of protection in spore challenge models. The B-class CpG DNA adjuvant CPG 7909, a 24-base synthetic, single-strand oligodeoxynucleotide, was evaluated for its safety profile and adjuvant properties in a Phase 1 clinical trial. A double-blind study was performed in which 69 healthy subjects, age 18-45 years, were randomized to receive three doses of either: (1) BioThrax alone, (2)1 mg of CPG 7909 alone or (3) BioThrax plus 1 mg of CPG 7909, all given intramuscularly on study days 0, 14 and 28. Subjects were monitored for IgG to PA by ELISA and for TNA titers through study day 56 and for safety through month 6. CPG 7909 increased the antibody response by 6-8-fold at peak, and accelerated the response by 3 weeks compared to the response seen in subjects vaccinated with BioThrax alone. No serious adverse events related to study agents were reported, and the combination was considered to be reasonably well tolerated. The marked acceleration and enhancement of the immune response seen by combining BioThrax and CPG 7909 offers the potential to shorten the course of immunization and reduce the time to protection, and may be particularly useful in the setting of post-exposure prophylaxis. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Waytes, A. Thomas; Hopkins, Robert J.; Giri, Lallan; Nabors, Gary S.] Emergent BioSolut Inc, Gaithersburg, MD 20879 USA.
   [Waytes, A. Thomas; Hopkins, Robert J.; Giri, Lallan; Nabors, Gary S.] Emergent BioSolut Inc, Lansing, MI USA.
   [Rynkiewicz, Dianna] Univ Texas San Antonio, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA.
   [Rynkiewicz, Dianna] Vet Adm Hosp, San Antonio, TX USA.
   [Rathkopf, Melinda; Quinn, James] USAF, Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA.
   [Sim, Iain; DeMuria, Deborah] Coley Pharmaceut Grp Inc, Wellesley, MA USA.
   [Ransom, Janet] Fast Track Drugs & Biol, Potomac, MD USA.
   [Nielsen, Carl J.] DARPA DSO, Arlington, VA USA.
RP Nabors, GS (reprint author), Emergent BioSolut Inc, Gaithersburg, MD 20879 USA.
EM iain.s.sim@gmail.com; ddemuria@gmail.com; naborsg@ebsi.com
FU Defense Advanced Research Projects Administration (DARPA)
   [DAAD1903C0002]; U.S. Army Research Office
FX The authors would like to acknowledge the support of the Defense
   Advanced Research Projects Administration (DARPA; contract
   DAAD1903C0002) and the U.S. Army Research Office. The authors also
   acknowledge the assistance of Drs. John Carney and Joseph Bielitzki who
   served as Program Managers during this study and Dr. Brett Giroir,
   Deputy Director, DARPA/DSO. In addition, the authors would like to thank
   the clinical staff and the volunteers of the U.S.A.F. Medical Center
   Wilford Hall and the University of Texas Medical Center and Veterans'
   Administration Center; Drs. Arthur Krieg, John Whisnant, and Mohamed El
   Adhami (Coley); Drs. Paul Hine and David Willis, and Cheryl Enger
   (Emergent BioSolutions); Capt. (Dr.) Robb Rowley (U.S.A.F.); Wendy
   Johnson for serological testing (USAMRIID); and Dr. Rob Carnes
   (BioSciences Intl., now Battelle). The authors dedicate this work to the
   late Drs. Carl Nielsen and Dianna Rynkiewicz.
NR 42
TC 36
Z9 39
U1 1
U2 9
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0264-410X
J9 VACCINE
JI Vaccine
PD AUG 26
PY 2011
VL 29
IS 37
BP 6313
EP 6320
DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.05.047
PG 8
WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental
SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine
GA 825AR
UT WOS:000295243800021
PM 21624418
ER

PT J
AU Lucas, MS
   Bourne, WC
   Sheets, AO
   Brunke, L
   Alexander, MD
   Shank, JM
   Michel, E
   Semiatin, SL
   Horwath, J
   Turgut, Z
AF Lucas, M. S.
   Bourne, W. C.
   Sheets, A. O.
   Brunke, L.
   Alexander, M. D.
   Shank, J. M.
   Michel, E.
   Semiatin, S. L.
   Horwath, J.
   Turgut, Z.
TI Nanocrystalline Hf and Ta containing FeCo based alloys for high
   frequency applications
SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING B-ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL SOLID-STATE
   MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE Amorphous metals; Soft magnetic materials; Crystallization; Electrical
   resistivity; FeCo alloys
ID MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; ELECTRICAL-RESISTIVITY; AMORPHOUS-ALLOYS; FILMS;
   DEPENDENCE
AB FeCo based nanocrystalline materials have excellent soft magnetic properties even at high temperature, but are limited to low frequency applications due to their relatively low electrical resistivities, rho(e), resulting in high eddy current losses. Amorphous alloys of (Fe(81)Co(19))(84)M(9)B(7) where M = (Hf, HfTa, Ta) were prepared by meltspinning and annealed for increasing times at their respective crystallization temperatures. The nanocrystalline alloys had coercivities less than 0.4 Oe and saturation inductions greater than 1 T. The electrical resistivities of the amorphous ribbons were all similar with values of rho(e) similar or equal to 180 mu Omega cm. After annealing at the crystallization temperature, the M = Ta alloy had the largest rho(e) of 140 +/- 13 mu Omega cm. The Ta alloy also had the best high frequency properties, with an initial permeability of 822 at 1 MHz. (C) 2011 Elsevier BM. All rights reserved.
C1 [Lucas, M. S.; Bourne, W. C.; Sheets, A. O.; Alexander, M. D.; Shank, J. M.; Michel, E.; Semiatin, S. L.; Horwath, J.; Turgut, Z.] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Lucas, M. S.] UTC Inc, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
   [Bourne, W. C.] Innovat Sci Solut Inc, Dayton, OH 45440 USA.
   [Sheets, A. O.; Shank, J. M.; Turgut, Z.] UES Inc, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Brunke, L.] Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
   [Michel, E.] Wright State Univ, Dayton, OH 45435 USA.
RP Lucas, MS (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, 2230 10th St,B655 R110, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM matthew.steven.lucas@gmail.com
RI SEMIATIN, SHELDON/E-7264-2017
NR 23
TC 17
Z9 19
U1 0
U2 26
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0921-5107
J9 MATER SCI ENG B-ADV
JI Mater. Sci. Eng. B-Adv. Funct. Solid-State Mater.
PD AUG 25
PY 2011
VL 176
IS 14
BP 1079
EP 1084
DI 10.1016/j.mseb.2011.05.044
PG 6
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA 829DX
UT WOS:000295557600007
ER

PT J
AU Gruneisen, MT
   Dymale, RC
   Stoltenberg, KE
   Steinhoff, N
AF Gruneisen, Mark T.
   Dymale, Raymond C.
   Stoltenberg, Kurt E.
   Steinhoff, Nicholas
TI Optical vortex discrimination with a transmission volume hologram
SO NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID ORBITAL ANGULAR-MOMENTUM; PENDELLOSUNG FRINGES; WAVE THEORY; GRATINGS;
   LIGHT; COMMUNICATION; ENTANGLEMENT
AB Transmissive volume holograms are considered as mode-selective optical elements for the de-multiplexing and detecting of optical vortex modes according to the topological charge or mode number. Diffraction of vortex modes by a fundamental mode hologram is modeled using a physical optics model that treats the volume hologram as an angle-dependent transfer function. Diffracted irradiance profiles and diffraction efficiencies are calculated numerically as a function of the incident mode number. The results of the model are compared with experimental results obtained with volume holograms of fundamental and higher-order vortex modes. When considered as a function of detuning between the incident and recorded mode numbers, the measured diffraction efficiencies are found to be invariant with respect to the recorded mode number, provided that the order difference remains unchanged, and in close agreement with the predictions of the model. Measurements are made with a 1.3 mm thick permanent photo-thermo-refractive glass hologram and a 9 mm thick re-writable photorefractive lithium niobate hologram. A liquid-crystal spatial light modulator generates the vortex modes used to record and read the holograms. The results indicate that a simple volume hologram can discriminate between vortex modes; however, adjacent mode discrimination with low crosstalk would require a very thick hologram. Furthermore, broadening of the vortex angular spectrum, due to diffraction at a finite aperture, can adversely affect diffraction efficiencies.
C1 [Gruneisen, Mark T.] USAF, Res Lab, Directed Energy Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA.
   [Dymale, Raymond C.; Stoltenberg, Kurt E.] Boeing Co, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
   [Steinhoff, Nicholas] Opt Sci Co, Anaheim, CA 92806 USA.
RP Gruneisen, MT (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Directed Energy Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA.
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research
FX We gratefully acknowledge Vladimir Markov, Leon Glebov, Vadim Smirnov,
   Nasser Peyghambarian and Pierre Blanche for providing us with hologram
   samples and guiding us in their use. We also acknowledge the
   constructive comments of the reviewers and useful discussions with Glenn
   Tyler and Robert Boyd. This work was supported by the Air Force Office
   of Scientific Research.
NR 23
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 17
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1367-2630
J9 NEW J PHYS
JI New J. Phys.
PD AUG 24
PY 2011
VL 13
AR 083030
DI 10.1088/1367-2630/13/8/083030
PG 14
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 817KZ
UT WOS:000294672800006
ER

PT J
AU Ullrich, B
   Wang, JS
   Brown, GJ
AF Ullrich, B.
   Wang, J. S.
   Brown, G. J.
TI Analysis of thermal band gap variations of PbS quantum dots by Fourier
   transform transmission and emission spectroscopy
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE
AB Fourier transmission and emission spectroscopy was employed in the range from 5 to 300 K to measure the thermal band gap shift of 4.7 nm PbS quantum dots. The analytical comparison of fits carried out with the expressions of Varshni and Fan revealed limited accuracy of the Varshni fitting parameters. Evidence is presented that transmission spectroscopy in conjunction with the Fan model concurs with the microscopic material features, resulting in a tool to determine intrinsic properties of quantum dots. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3623486]
C1 [Ullrich, B.; Wang, J. S.; Brown, G. J.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Ullrich, B (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM bruno.ullrich.ctr@wpafb.af.mil
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFRL/RSE)
FX This work was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research
   (AFRL/RSE, Dr. Kitt Reinhardt).
NR 23
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 1
U2 14
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
   MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD AUG 22
PY 2011
VL 99
IS 8
AR 081901
DI 10.1063/1.3623486
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 813ID
UT WOS:000294359100013
ER

PT J
AU Miller, S
   Singh, B
   Cool, S
   Entine, G
   Campbell, L
   Bishel, R
   Rushing, R
   Nagarkar, VV
AF Miller, Stuart
   Singh, Bipin
   Cool, Steven
   Entine, Gerald
   Campbell, Larry
   Bishel, Ron
   Rushing, Rick
   Nagarkar, Vivek V.
TI Ultrahigh-speed X-ray imaging of hypervelocity projectiles
SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS
   SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE High-speed X-ray imaging; Hypervelocity projectile
AB High-speed X-ray imaging is an extremely important modality for healthcare, industrial, military and research applications such as medical computed tomography, non-destructive testing, imaging in-flight projectiles, characterizing exploding ordnance, and analyzing ballistic impacts. We report on the development of a modular, ultrahigh-speed, high-resolution digital X-ray imaging system with large active imaging area and microsecond time resolution, capable of acquiring at a rate of up to 150,000 frames per second. The system is based on a high-resolution, high-efficiency, and fast-decay scintillator screen optically coupled to an ultra-fast image-intensified CCD camera designed for ballistic impact studies and hypervelocity projectile imaging. A specially designed multi-anode, high-fluence X-ray source with 50 ns pulse duration provides a sequence of blur-free images of hypervelocity projectiles traveling at speeds exceeding 8 km/s (18,000 miles/h). This paper will discuss the design, performance, and high frame rate imaging capability of the system. (c) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Miller, Stuart; Singh, Bipin; Cool, Steven; Entine, Gerald; Nagarkar, Vivek V.] Radiat Monitoring Devices RMD Inc, Watertown, MA 02472 USA.
   [Campbell, Larry] ATA Range Operat Lead, Arnold AFB, TN 37389 USA.
   [Bishel, Ron; Rushing, Rick] USAF, AEDC DOT, Arnold AFB, TN 37389 USA.
RP Miller, S (reprint author), Radiat Monitoring Devices RMD Inc, 44 Hunt St, Watertown, MA 02472 USA.
EM smiller@rmdinc.com
FU Department of Defense SBIR [FA9101-04-C-0003]
FX Department of Defense SBIR contract #FA9101-04-C-0003.
NR 6
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-9002
J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A
JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc.
   Equip.
PD AUG 21
PY 2011
VL 648
SU S1
BP S293
EP S296
DI 10.1016/j.nima.2010.11.048
PG 4
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics,
   Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics
GA 960GV
UT WOS:000305376900072
ER

PT J
AU Nguyen, KA
   Day, PN
   Pachter, R
AF Nguyen, Kiet A.
   Day, Paul N.
   Pachter, Ruth
TI The performance and relationship among range-separated schemes for
   density functional theory
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE charge exchange; density functional theory
ID GENERALIZED-GRADIENT-APPROXIMATION; CHARGE-TRANSFER EXCITATION;
   MAIN-GROUP THERMOCHEMISTRY; DONOR-ACCEPTOR COMPLEXES; EXCITED-STATES;
   MOLECULAR-COMPLEXES; NONCOVALENT INTERACTIONS; SPECTROSCOPY; JET;
   TETRACYANOETHYLENE
AB The performance and relationship among different range-separated (RS) hybrid functional schemes are examined using the Coulomb-attenuating method (CAM) with different values for the fractions of exact Hartree-Fock (HF) exchange (alpha), long-range HF (beta), and a range-separation parameter (mu), where the cases of alpha + beta = 1 and alpha + beta = 0 were designated as CA and CA0, respectively. Attenuated PBE exchange-correlation functionals with alpha = 0.20 and mu = 0.20 (CA-PBE) and alpha = 0.25 and mu = 0.11 (CA0-PBE) are closely related to the LRC-omega PBEh and HSE functionals, respectively. Time-dependent density functional theory calculations were carried out for a number of classes of molecules with varying degrees of charge-transfer (CT) character to provide an assessment of the accuracy of excitation energies from the CA functionals and a number of other functionals with different exchange hole models. Functionals that provided reasonable estimates for local and short-range CT transitions were found to give large errors for long-range CT excitations. In contrast, functionals that afforded accurate long-range CT excitation energies significantly overestimated energies for short-range CT and local transitions. The effects of exchange hole models and parameters developed for RS functionals for CT excitations were analyzed in detail. The comparative analysis across compound classes provides a useful benchmark for CT excitations. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3624889]
C1 [Nguyen, Kiet A.; Day, Paul N.; Pachter, Ruth] USAF, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Nguyen, Kiet A.] UES Inc, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
   [Day, Paul N.] Gen Dynam Informat Technol Inc, Dayton, OH 45431 USA.
RP Nguyen, KA (reprint author), USAF, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM kiet.nguyen@wpafb.af.mil; ruth.pachter@wpafb.af.mil
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research; CPU
FX This research has been supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific
   Research and by CPU time from the Air Force Research Laboratory DoD
   Supercomputing Resource Center. The authors wish to thank the referees
   for useful comments.
NR 42
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 1
U2 19
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
EI 1089-7690
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD AUG 21
PY 2011
VL 135
IS 7
AR 074109
DI 10.1063/1.3624889
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 809NY
UT WOS:000294065200013
PM 21861558
ER

PT J
AU Sturrock, PA
   Buncher, JB
   Fischbach, E
   Javorsek, D
   Jenkins, JH
   Mattes, JJ
AF Sturrock, P. A.
   Buncher, J. B.
   Fischbach, E.
   Javorsek, D., II
   Jenkins, J. H.
   Mattes, J. J.
TI CONCERNING THE PHASES OF THE ANNUAL VARIATIONS OF NUCLEAR DECAY RATES
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE methods: data analysis; Sun: particle emission
ID POWER SPECTRUM ANALYSIS; HALF-LIFE MEASUREMENTS
AB Recent analyses of data sets acquired at the Brookhaven National Laboratory and at the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt both show evidence of pronounced annual variations, suggestive of a solar influence. However, the phases of decay-rate maxima do not correspond precisely to the phase of minimum Sun-Earth distance, as might then be expected. We here examine the hypothesis that decay rates are influenced by an unknown solar radiation, but that the intensity of the radiation is influenced not only by the variation in Sun-Earth distance, but also by a possible north-south asymmetry in the solar emission mechanism. We find that this can lead to phases of decay-rate maxima in the range 0-0.183 or 0.683-1 (September 6 to March 8) but that, according to this hypothesis, phases in the range of 0.183-0.683 (March 8 to September 6) are "forbidden." We find that phases of the three data sets analyzed here fall in the allowed range.
C1 [Sturrock, P. A.] Stanford Univ, Ctr Space Sci & Astrophys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
   [Buncher, J. B.; Fischbach, E.; Jenkins, J. H.; Mattes, J. J.] Purdue Univ, Dept Phys, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
   [Buncher, J. B.] Wittenberg Univ, Dept Phys, Springfield, OH 45501 USA.
   [Javorsek, D., II] 416th Flight Test Squadron, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA.
   [Jenkins, J. H.] Purdue Univ, Sch Nucl Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
RP Sturrock, PA (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Ctr Space Sci & Astrophys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
EM sturrock@stanford.edu
OI Javorsek, Daniel/0000-0002-0329-4011
FU NSF [AST-06072572]; U.S. DOE [DE-AC02-76ER071428]
FX We are indebted to D. Alburger and G. Harbottle for supplying us with
   the BNL raw data, and to H. Schrader for supplying us with the PTB raw
   data. We are also indebted to an anonymous referee for suggestions that
   materially improved the article. The work of P.A.S. was supported in
   part by the NSF through Grant AST-06072572, and that of E.F. was
   supported in part by U.S. DOE contract No. DE-AC02-76ER071428.
NR 16
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 11
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD AUG 20
PY 2011
VL 737
IS 2
AR 65
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/737/2/65
PG 5
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 808WV
UT WOS:000294013600019
ER

PT J
AU Volk, K
   Hrivnak, BJ
   Matsuura, M
   Bernard-Salas, J
   Szczerba, R
   Sloan, GC
   Kraemer, KE
   van Loon, JT
   Kemper, F
   Woods, PM
   Zijlstra, AA
   Sahai, R
   Meixner, M
   Gordon, KD
   Gruendl, RA
   Tielens, AGGM
   Indebetouw, R
   Marengo, M
AF Volk, Kevin
   Hrivnak, Bruce J.
   Matsuura, Mikako
   Bernard-Salas, Jeronimo
   Szczerba, Ryszard
   Sloan, G. C.
   Kraemer, Kathleen E.
   van Loon, Jacco Th.
   Kemper, F.
   Woods, Paul M.
   Zijlstra, Albert A.
   Sahai, Raghvendra
   Meixner, Margaret
   Gordon, Karl D.
   Gruendl, Robert A.
   Tielens, Alexander G. G. M.
   Indebetouw, Remy
   Marengo, Massimo
TI DISCOVERY AND ANALYSIS OF 21 mu m FEATURE SOURCES IN THE MAGELLANIC
   CLOUDS (vol 735, pg 127, 2011)
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Correction
C1 [Volk, Kevin; Meixner, Margaret; Gordon, Karl D.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
   [Hrivnak, Bruce J.] Valparaiso Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Valparaiso, IN 46383 USA.
   [Matsuura, Mikako] UCL, UCL Inst Origins, Dept Phys & Astron, London WC1E 6BT, England.
   [Bernard-Salas, Jeronimo] Univ Paris 11, CNRS, Inst Astrophys Spatiale, F-91405 Orsay, France.
   [Szczerba, Ryszard] Nicholas Copernicus Astron Ctr, PL-87100 Torun, Poland.
   [Sloan, G. C.] Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
   [Kraemer, Kathleen E.] USAF, Res Lab, AFRL RVBYB, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
   [van Loon, Jacco Th.] Univ Keele, Lennard Jones Labs, Astrophys Grp, Keele ST5 5BG, Staffs, England.
   [Kemper, F.; Woods, Paul M.; Zijlstra, Albert A.] Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Jodrell Bank, Ctr Astrophys, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England.
   [Sahai, Raghvendra] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
   [Gruendl, Robert A.] Univ Illinois, Dept Astron, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
   [Tielens, Alexander G. G. M.] Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands.
   [Indebetouw, Remy] Univ Virginia, Dept Astron, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA.
   [Marengo, Massimo] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
   [Matsuura, Mikako] Univ Coll London, Mullard Space Sci Lab, UCL Inst Origins, Dorking RH5 6NT, Surrey, England.
   [Kemper, F.] Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, Taipei 10647, Taiwan.
   [Woods, Paul M.] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London WC1E 6BT, England.
   [Indebetouw, Remy] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA.
   [Marengo, Massimo] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Volk, K (reprint author), Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
EM volk@stsci.edu
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 4
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD AUG 20
PY 2011
VL 737
IS 2
AR 107
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/737/2/107
PG 1
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 808WV
UT WOS:000294013600061
ER

PT J
AU Jasperse, JR
   Basu, B
   Lund, EJ
   Grossbard, N
AF Jasperse, John R.
   Basu, Bamandas
   Lund, Eric J.
   Grossbard, Neil
TI Anomalous transport effects on the parallel E field in downward auroral
   current regions of the Earth's magnetosphere
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID ION-CYCLOTRON RESONANCE; ELECTRIC-FIELDS; PLASMA TURBULENCE; WAVES;
   DRIVEN; ACCELERATION; IONOSPHERE; BEAMS; HOLES
AB The physical processes that determine the fluid quantities and the self-consistent electric field (E-parallel to) parallel to the magnetic field have been an unresolved problem in magnetospheric physics for over 40 years. We review a recently developed kinetic and multimoment fluid theory for inhomogeneous, nonuniformly magnetized plasma with temperature anisotropy in the guiding-center and gyrotropic approximation and apply the theory to solve for the quasi steady state in the long-range potential region of a downward Birkeland current sheet when electrostatic ion cyclotron turbulence is dominant. We find that an electron, bump-on-tail-driven ion cyclotron instability produces the turbulence and that a large enhancement in vertical bar E-parallel to vertical bar by nearly a factor of 40 occurs when the turbulence is present compared to the case when it is absent. Anomalous momentum transfer (anomalous resistivity) by itself has a very small effect on E-parallel to; however, the presence of the turbulence and the anomalous energy transfers (anomalous heating and cooling) that result have a very large effect on the entire solution. In the electron and ion momentum balance equations for E-parallel to, the turbulence enhances the magnitude of E-parallel to by reducing the effect of the generalized parallel pressure gradients and thereby enhancing the effect of the mirror forces. A new, nonlinear formula for the current-voltage relationship in downward Birkeland current regions is also given.
C1 [Jasperse, John R.; Grossbard, Neil] Boston Coll, Inst Sci Res, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 USA.
   [Basu, Bamandas] USAF, Space Vehicles Directorate, Res Lab, Hanscom Afb, MA 01731 USA.
   [Lund, Eric J.] Univ New Hampshire, Ctr Space Sci, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
RP Jasperse, JR (reprint author), Boston Coll, Inst Sci Res, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 USA.
EM john.jasperse@bc.edu
OI Lund, Eric/0000-0003-1312-9375
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research; National Science Foundation
   [ATM-0703099]
FX We wish to acknowledge important conversations with the following
   people: C. W. Carlson, T. S. Chang, D. L. Cooke, C.-G. Falthammar, W.
   Lotko, K. A. Lynch, R. Lysak, D. C. Montgomery, R. Pottelette, M.
   Schulz, N. Singh, and A. Streltsov. This work was supported by the Air
   Force Office of Scientific Research. E.J.L. was supported by the
   National Science Foundation under grant ATM-0703099.
NR 44
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9380
EI 2169-9402
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD AUG 20
PY 2011
VL 116
AR A00K11
DI 10.1029/2010JA016314
PG 18
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 810ML
UT WOS:000294129300002
ER

PT J
AU Tellez, JA
   Schmidt, JD
AF Tellez, Jason A.
   Schmidt, Jason D.
TI Multiple transmitter performance with appropriate amplitude modulation
   for free-space optical communication
SO APPLIED OPTICS
LA English
DT Article
ID ANISOPLANATISM
AB The propagation of a free-space optical communications signal through atmospheric turbulence experiences random fluctuations in intensity, including signal fades, which negatively impact the performance of the communications link. The gamma-gamma probability density function is commonly used to model the scintillation of a single beam. One proposed method to reduce the occurrence of scintillation-induced fades at the receiver plane involves the use of multiple beams propagating through independent paths, resulting in a sum of independent gamma-gamma random variables. Recently an analytical model for the probability distribution of irradiance from the sum of multiple independent beams was developed. Because truly independent beams are practically impossible to create, we present here a more general but approximate model for the distribution of beams traveling through partially correlated paths. This model compares favorably with wave-optics simulations and highlights the reduced scintillation as the number of transmitted beams is increased. Additionally, a pulse-position modulation scheme is used to reduce the impact of signal fades when they occur. Analytical and simulated results showed significantly improved performance when compared to fixed threshold on/off keying.
C1 [Tellez, Jason A.; Schmidt, Jason D.] USAF, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Schmidt, JD (reprint author), USAF, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Inst Technol, 2950 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM jason.schmidt@afit.edu
FU Physics and Electronics Directorate of the United States Air Force
   Office of Scientific Research (USAFOSR) [F1ATA0035J001]; U.S. Air Force;
   U.S. Department of Defense; U.S. government
FX This research is sponsored by the Physics and Electronics Directorate of
   the United States Air Force Office of Scientific Research (USAFOSR)
   under federal grant F1ATA0035J001.; The technical results and
   conclusions expressed in this article are those of the authors and do
   not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the sponsors,
   the U.S. Air Force, the U.S. Department of Defense, or the U.S.
   government.
NR 17
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 1
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1559-128X
EI 2155-3165
J9 APPL OPTICS
JI Appl. Optics
PD AUG 20
PY 2011
VL 50
IS 24
BP 4737
EP 4745
DI 10.1364/AO.50.004737
PG 9
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 809JH
UT WOS:000294048800006
PM 21857696
ER

PT J
AU Guenthner, AJ
   Davis, MC
   Lamison, KR
   Yandek, GR
   Cambrea, LR
   Groshens, TJ
   Baldwin, LC
   Mabry, JM
AF Guenthner, Andrew J.
   Davis, Matthew C.
   Lamison, Kevin R.
   Yandek, Gregory R.
   Cambrea, Lee R.
   Groshens, Thomas J.
   Baldwin, Lawrence C.
   Mabry, Joseph M.
TI Synthesis, cure kinetics, and physical properties of a new tricyanate
   ester with enhanced molecular flexibility
SO POLYMER
LA English
DT Article
DE Cyanate ester; Cure kinetics; Activation energy
ID LAYERED SILICATE NANOCOMPOSITES; CYANATE ESTER; THERMOSET CURE;
   DICYANATE; RESINS; BLENDS; LIQUID
AB 1,2,3-Tris(4-cyanatophenyl)propane, a new tricyanate ester monomer that was designed to incorporate more flexible chemical linkages at junction points in the cured macromolecular network, was synthesized in nine steps with an overall yield of 26%. The highly purified monomer exhibited an activation energy of 110 kJ/mol for auto-catalytic cure at temperatures of 210 degrees C-290 degrees C, modestly lower than the comparably measured activation energy of a commercial cyanated novolac. The overall extent of cure achievable at these temperatures was also higher for the new monomer. Many physical properties of the cured monomer, including density, thermochemical stability, moisture uptake, and the impact of hydrolytic degradation on glass transition temperature were similar to those of commercial tricyanates, with a dry glass transition temperature at full conversion of at least 340 degrees C. These results illustrate how careful control of the local chemical structure in the vicinity of network junction points may be utilized to improve the properties of thermosetting polymer networks. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Guenthner, Andrew J.; Yandek, Gregory R.; Mabry, Joseph M.] USAF, Res Lab, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA.
   [Davis, Matthew C.; Cambrea, Lee R.; Groshens, Thomas J.; Baldwin, Lawrence C.] Naval Air Warfare Ctr, Weap Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA.
   [Lamison, Kevin R.] ERC Corp, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA.
RP Guenthner, AJ (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA.
EM andrew.guenthner@edwards.af.mil
FU Office of Naval Research; Air Force Office of Scientific Research
FX Financial support through an In-house Laboratory Independent Research
   award from the Office of Naval Research, as well as funding from the Air
   Force Office of Scientific Research, is gratefully acknowledged.
NR 40
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 11
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0032-3861
J9 POLYMER
JI Polymer
PD AUG 18
PY 2011
VL 52
IS 18
BP 3933
EP 3942
DI 10.1016/j.polymer.2011.07.024
PG 10
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 812TQ
UT WOS:000294316200008
ER

PT J
AU Coppage, R
   Slocik, JM
   Briggs, BD
   Frenkel, AI
   Heinz, H
   Naik, RR
   Knecht, MR
AF Coppage, Ryan
   Slocik, Joseph M.
   Briggs, Beverly D.
   Frenkel, Anatoly I.
   Heinz, Hendrik
   Naik, Rajesh R.
   Knecht, Marc R.
TI Crystallographic Recognition Controls Peptide Binding for Bio-Based
   Nanomaterials
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID DENDRIMER-ENCAPSULATED NANOPARTICLES; PALLADIUM NANOPARTICLES;
   BIOMIMETIC SYNTHESIS; GOLD NANOPARTICLES; SURFACES
AB The ability to control the size, shape, composition, and activity of nanomaterials presents a formidable challenge. Peptide approaches represent new avenues to achieve such control at the synthetic level; however, the critical interactions at the bio/nano interface that direct such precision remain poorly understood. Here we present evidence to suggest that materials-directing peptides bind at specific time points during Pd nanoparticle (NP) growth, dictated by material crystallinity. As such surfaces are presented, rapid peptide binding occurs, resulting in the stabilization and size control of single-crystal NPs. Such specificity suggests that peptides could be engineered to direct the structure of nanomaterials at the atomic level, thus enhancing their activity.
C1 [Slocik, Joseph M.; Naik, Rajesh R.] USAF, Nanostruct & Biol Mat Branch, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Coppage, Ryan; Briggs, Beverly D.; Knecht, Marc R.] Univ Miami, Dept Chem, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA.
   [Frenkel, Anatoly I.] Yeshiva Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10016 USA.
   [Heinz, Hendrik] Univ Akron, Dept Polymer Engn, Akron, OH 44325 USA.
RP Naik, RR (reprint author), USAF, Nanostruct & Biol Mat Branch, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM rajesh.naik@wpafb.af.mil; knecht@miami.edu
RI Frenkel, Anatoly/D-3311-2011; Heinz, Hendrik/E-3866-2010
OI Frenkel, Anatoly/0000-0002-5451-1207; Heinz, Hendrik/0000-0002-6776-7404
FU National Science Foundation [CBET-1033334, DMR-0955071]; Air Office of
   Scientific Research; American Chemical Society; U.S. Department of
   Energy [DE-FG02-03ER15476]; Synchrotron Catalysis Consortium, U.S.
   Department of Energy [DE-FG02-05ER15688]; UK Research Challenge Trust
FX This material is based upon work supported by the National Science
   Foundation under Grants No. CBET-1033334 (M.K.) and DMR-0955071 (H.H.),
   and by the Air Office of Scientific Research (R.N.). Acknowledgement is
   made to the donors of the American Chemical Society Petroleum Research
   Fund for partial support (M.K). A.I.F. acknowledges support by U.S.
   Department of Energy Grant DE-FG02-03ER15476. Beamline X18B at the NSLS
   is supported in part by the Synchrotron Catalysis Consortium, U.S.
   Department of Energy Grant No DE-FG02-05ER15688. RC. acknowledges
   student fellowship support from the UK Research Challenge Trust Fund.
   The authors are grateful to Dr. R. Vasic for help with XAFS
   measurements.
NR 21
TC 53
Z9 53
U1 1
U2 37
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0002-7863
J9 J AM CHEM SOC
JI J. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 17
PY 2011
VL 133
IS 32
BP 12346
EP 12349
DI 10.1021/ja203726n
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 818GO
UT WOS:000294740000008
PM 21774561
ER

PT J
AU Campos, R
   Guenthner, AJ
   Haddad, TS
   Mabry, JM
AF Campos, Raymond
   Guenthner, Andrew J.
   Haddad, Timothy S.
   Mabry, Joseph M.
TI Fluoroalkyl-Functionalized Silica Particles: Synthesis,
   Characterization, and Wetting Characteristics
SO LANGMUIR
LA English
DT Article
ID OIL-REPELLENT SURFACES; PHASE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; CAB-O-SIL;
   SUPERHYDROPHOBIC SURFACES; SILYLATION REACTIONS; STATIONARY PHASES;
   HYDROXYL-GROUPS; CARBON-DIOXIDE; ADSORPTION; FILMS
AB Fluoroalkyl-functionalized silica particles for use in nonwetting surfaces were prepared by treatment of silica particles with fluoroalkyl-functional chlorosilanes. Both fumed and precipitated silica were studied, as well as the efficiency of surface coverage using mono-, di-, and trifunctional chlorosilanes. The most effective surface treatment was accomplished via the surface grafting of monofunctional chlorosilanes in the presence of preadsorbed dimethylamine under anhydrous conditions at room temperature. Confirmation of covalent attachment was accomplished via Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, while elemental analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, and nitrogen adsorption isotherms were used to determine grafting densities and additional key geometric characteristics of the grafted layer. The effect of residual silanol content on the moisture uptake properties of the modified silica particles was determined by measuring the water uptake of unbound particles, while liquid wetting properties were determined by dynamic contact angle analysis of elastomeric composites. Although residual silanol content was shown to effect wetting properties, results suggest that surface geometry dominates the performance of liquid-repellent surfaces. The potential use of fluoroalkyl-functionalized silica particles for hydrophobic and oleophobic applications is discussed.
C1 [Campos, Raymond; Haddad, Timothy S.; Mabry, Joseph M.] USAF, ERC Inc, Space & Missile Prop Div, Res Lab, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA.
RP Mabry, JM (reprint author), USAF, ERC Inc, Space & Missile Prop Div, Res Lab, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA.
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research; Air Force Research Laboratory,
   Propulsion Directorate
FX We gratefully acknowledge the Air Force Office of Scientific Research
   and the Air Force Research Laboratory, Propulsion Directorate for
   financial support. We would also like to thank Ms. Hong Phan and Ms.
   Marietta Fernandez for assistance in collecting physisorption data.
NR 67
TC 30
Z9 30
U1 4
U2 66
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0743-7463
J9 LANGMUIR
JI Langmuir
PD AUG 16
PY 2011
VL 27
IS 16
BP 10206
EP 10215
DI 10.1021/la201545a
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science,
   Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 804OI
UT WOS:000293662800069
PM 21728328
ER

PT J
AU Kulkarni, H
   Okulicz, JF
   Grandits, G
   Crum-Cianflone, NF
   Landrum, ML
   Hale, B
   Wortmann, G
   Tramont, E
   Polis, M
   Dolan, M
   Lifson, AR
   Agan, BK
   Ahuja, SK
   Marconi, VC
AF Kulkarni, Hemant
   Okulicz, Jason F.
   Grandits, Greg
   Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F.
   Landrum, Michael L.
   Hale, Braden
   Wortmann, Glenn
   Tramont, Edmund
   Polis, Michael
   Dolan, Matthew
   Lifson, Alan R.
   Agan, Brian K.
   Ahuja, Sunil K.
   Marconi, Vincent C.
TI Early Postseroconversion CD4 Cell Counts Independently Predict CD4 Cell
   Count Recovery in HIV-1-Postive Subjects Receiving Antiretroviral
   Therapy
SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES
LA English
DT Article
DE CD4 count; highly active antiretroviral therapy; outcomes; predictors;
   treatment response
ID PLASMA HIV RNA; VIROLOGICAL RESPONSES; HIV-1-INFECTED PATIENTS;
   IMMUNOLOGICAL RESPONSE; DISEASE PROGRESSION; PROTEASE INHIBITOR;
   INFECTED PATIENTS; IMMUNODEFICIENCY; SUPPRESSION; INTERRUPTION
AB Background: The relationship between CD4(+) T-cell counts determined soon after seroconversion with HIV-1 (baseline CD4), nadir CD4, and CD4 levels attained during highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is unknown.
   Methods: Longitudinal, including baseline (at or soon after HIV diagnosis), intermediate (nadir), and distal (post-HAART) CD4(+) T-cell counts were assessed in 1085 seroconverting subjects who achieved viral load suppression from a large well-characterized cohort. The association of baseline with post-HAART CD4(+) T-cell count was determined after adjustment for other relevant covariates.
   Results: A higher baseline CD4(+) T-cell count predicted a greater postHAART CD4(+) T-cell count, independent of the nadir and other explanatory variables. Together, baseline and nadir strongly predicted the post-HAART CD4(+) count such that a high baseline and lower nadir were associated with a maximal immune recovery after HAART. Likelihood of recovery of the baseline count after HAART was significantly higher when the nadir/ baseline count ratio was consistently >= 0.6.
   Conclusions: Among viral load suppressing seroconverters, the absolute CD4(+) T-cell count attained post-HAART is highly dependent on both baseline and nadir CD4(+) T-cell counts. These associations further support the early diagnosis and initiation of HAART among HIV-infected persons.
C1 [Kulkarni, Hemant; Ahuja, Sunil K.] S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Vet Adm Res Ctr AIDS & HIV Infect 1, San Antonio, TX USA.
   [Kulkarni, Hemant; Ahuja, Sunil K.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA.
   [Okulicz, Jason F.; Grandits, Greg; Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F.; Landrum, Michael L.; Hale, Braden; Wortmann, Glenn; Tramont, Edmund; Polis, Michael; Agan, Brian K.; Marconi, Vincent C.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Infect Dis Clin Res Program, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
   [Okulicz, Jason F.; Landrum, Michael L.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA.
   [Grandits, Greg] Univ Minnesota, Div Biostat, Minneapolis, MN USA.
   [Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F.; Hale, Braden] USN, Infect Dis Clin, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
   [Wortmann, Glenn] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA.
   [Tramont, Edmund; Polis, Michael] NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
   [Dolan, Matthew] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Henry M Jackson Fdn, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
   [Lifson, Alan R.] Univ Minnesota, Div Epidemiol & Community Hlth, Minneapolis, MN USA.
   [Ahuja, Sunil K.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Microbiol & Immunol & Biochem, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA.
   [Marconi, Vincent C.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Kulkarni, H (reprint author), 12023 Waterway Rdg, San Antonio, TX USA.
EM kulkarnih@uthscsa.edu
RI Marconi, Vincent/N-3210-2014; 
OI Marconi, Vincent/0000-0001-8409-4689; Polis,
   Michael/0000-0002-9151-2268; Agan, Brian/0000-0002-5114-1669
FU Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program (IDCRP) [IDCRP-000-03];
   Department of Defense; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious
   Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH) [Y1-AI-5072]; Veterans
   Administration Center on AIDS and HIV infection of the South Texas
   Veterans Health Care System; NIH [R37046326]; VA MERIT award; Elizabeth
   Glaser Scientist Award; Burroughs Wellcome Clinical Scientist Award in
   Translational Research; Doris Duke Distinguished Clinical Scientist
   Award
FX Support for this work (IDCRP-000-03) was provided by the Infectious
   Disease Clinical Research Program (IDCRP), a Department of Defense
   program executed through the Uniformed Services University of the Health
   Sciences. This project has been funded in whole, or in part, with
   federal funds from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious
   Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH), under Inter-Agency
   Agreement Y1-AI-5072. This work was also supported by the Veterans
   Administration Center on AIDS and HIV infection of the South Texas
   Veterans Health Care System, and a MERIT (R37046326) award from the NIH
   to S. K. A. S. K. A. is also supported by a VA MERIT award and is a
   recipient of the Elizabeth Glaser Scientist Award, the Burroughs
   Wellcome Clinical Scientist Award in Translational Research, and the
   Doris Duke Distinguished Clinical Scientist Award. The content of this
   publication is the sole responsibility of the authors and does not
   necessarily reflect the views or policies of the NIH or the Department
   of Health and Human Services, the Department of Defense or the
   Departments of the Army, Navy or Air Force. Mention of trade names,
   commercial products, or organizations does not imply endorsement by the
   US Government.
NR 45
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 2
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 1525-4135
J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF
JI JAIDS
PD AUG 15
PY 2011
VL 57
IS 5
BP 387
EP 395
DI 10.1097/QAI.0b013e3182219113
PG 9
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
GA 800RE
UT WOS:000293381300013
PM 21546844
ER

PT J
AU Patnaik, AK
   Roy, S
   Gord, JR
AF Patnaik, Anil K.
   Roy, Sukesh
   Gord, James R.
TI All-optically controlled concurrent slow-fast light pair
SO OPTICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID DOUBLE-LADDER SYSTEM; COHERENT CONTROL; ATOMIC VAPOR; GAIN
AB We demonstrate how both normal and anomalous dispersion can be realized concurrently for a pair of weak probes in a doubly driven double-ladder configuration with independent and simultaneous control for group velocities of the pair. We have shown both analytically and numerically that, because of electromagnetically induced transparency and a chi((3))-based gain process, a slow-fast light pair can be realized in the same delay element with group indices similar to +/- 10(7) accompanied by gain or relatively small absorption (down to similar to 25%). We also identify parameter regions for realization of concurrent slow-slow and fast-fast light pairs with reduced absorptions. (C) 2011 Optical Society of America
C1 [Patnaik, Anil K.; Gord, James R.] USAF, Res Lab, Prop Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Patnaik, Anil K.] Wright State Univ, Dept Phys, Dayton, OH 45435 USA.
   [Roy, Sukesh] Spectral Energies LLC, Dayton, OH 45431 USA.
RP Patnaik, AK (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Prop Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM anil.patnaik@wpafb.af.mil
FU Air Force Research Laboratory [F33615-03 D-2329, FA8650-09 C-2008]
FX Funding was provided by the Air Force Research Laboratory Grant Nos.
   F33615-03 D-2329 and FA8650-09 C-2008.
NR 19
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 1
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0146-9592
J9 OPT LETT
JI Opt. Lett.
PD AUG 15
PY 2011
VL 36
IS 16
BP 3272
EP 3274
PG 3
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 807IT
UT WOS:000293890800087
PM 21847231
ER

PT J
AU Currie, HA
   Deschaume, O
   Naik, RR
   Perry, CC
   Kaplan, DL
AF Currie, Heather A.
   Deschaume, Olivier
   Naik, Rajesh R.
   Perry, Carole C.
   Kaplan, David L.
TI Genetically Engineered Chimeric Silk-Silver Binding Proteins
SO ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID SPIDER DRAGLINE SILK; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY;
   BLOCK-COPOLYMERS; NANOPARTICLES; SILICA; NANOSTRUCTURES; BIOMATERIALS;
   SCAFFOLDS; CHAIN
AB Composite or hybrid materials are commonly found in Nature, formed through the concentration and subsequent nucleation of ions upon organic templates that are most often protein based. Examples include the deposition of calcium containing salts in bone, teeth and the inner ear and iron oxide structures in magnetotactic bacteria. Biological organisms use a limited number of metal ions, the principal ones being calcium and iron, with lesser amounts of strontium, and barium. The ability to utilize other ions to generate composites offers the possibility of new material properties. New materials incorporating silver would be useful in the context of antimicrobial functions. Therefore, in the present study, a new route to such functionalized biomaterials is reported. Genetically engineered fusion proteins are created by the incorporation of nucleotides corresponding to short silver binding peptides identified by a combinatorial biopanning process into the consensus sequence of silk from the spider, Nephila clavipes. The resulting chimeric silk-silver binding proteins nucleated Ag ions from a solution of silver nitrate while the silk protein provided a stable template material which could be processed into films, fibers, and three-dimensional scaffolds. The silk films inhibited microbial growth of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative micro-rganisms on agar plates and in liquid culture, thus highlighting the potential of these chimeric material systems as antimicrobial biomedical coatings.
C1 [Currie, Heather A.; Kaplan, David L.] Tufts Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Medford, MA 02155 USA.
   [Deschaume, Olivier; Perry, Carole C.] Nottingham Trent Univ, Sch Sci & Technol, Nottingham NG11 8NS, England.
   [Naik, Rajesh R.] USAF, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Res Lab, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
   [Deschaume, Olivier] Catholic Univ Louvain, Unite POLY, B-1348 Louvain, Belgium.
RP Currie, HA (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Medford, MA 02155 USA.
EM david.kaplan@tufts.edu
FU NIH [DE017207]; AFOSR; EPSRC [EP/E048439/1]
FX We thank the NIH (DE017207), the AFOSR and EPSRC (EP/E048439/1) for
   support of this work.
NR 35
TC 29
Z9 30
U1 4
U2 79
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1616-301X
J9 ADV FUNCT MATER
JI Adv. Funct. Mater.
PD AUG 9
PY 2011
VL 21
IS 15
BP 2889
EP 2895
DI 10.1002/adfm.201100249
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
   Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
   Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
   Physics
GA 810XY
UT WOS:000294164900009
PM 23795153
ER

PT J
AU Lee, KM
   Smith, ML
   Koerner, H
   Tabiryan, N
   Vaia, RA
   Bunning, TJ
   White, TJ
AF Lee, Kyung Min
   Smith, Matthew L.
   Koerner, Hilmar
   Tabiryan, Nelson
   Vaia, Richard A.
   Bunning, Timothy J.
   White, Timothy J.
TI Photodriven, Flexural-Torsional Oscillation of Glassy Azobenzene Liquid
   Crystal Polymer Networks
SO ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID ACTUATORS; LIGHT; ELASTOMERS; FILM
AB Cantilevers composed of glassy, photoresponsive liquid crystalline polymer networks (LCNs) are shown to oscillate at high frequency (similar to 50 Hz) and large amplitude when exposed to light from a 442 nm coherent wave (CW) laser. Added dimensionality to previously reported in-plane oscillations is enabled by adjusting the orientation of the nematic director to the long axis of the cantilever yielding in-plane bending accompanied by out-of-plane twisting (flexural-torsional oscillation). The fundamental photoresponse of this class of glassy azobenzene liquid crystal polymer networks (azo-LCN) is further probed by examining the influence of cantilever aspect ratio, laser intensity, and temperature. The frequency of photodirected oscillations is strongly correlated to the length of the cantilever while the amplitude and threshold laser intensity for oscillation is strongly correlated to temperature.
C1 [Lee, Kyung Min; Smith, Matthew L.; Koerner, Hilmar; Vaia, Richard A.; Bunning, Timothy J.; White, Timothy J.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Lee, Kyung Min] Azimuth Corp, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
   [Smith, Matthew L.] CNR, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
   [Koerner, Hilmar] UES Inc, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
   [Tabiryan, Nelson] BEAM Engn Adv Measurements Co, Winter Pk, FL 32789 USA.
RP Lee, KM (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM timothy.white2@wpafb.af.mil
RI White, Timothy/D-4392-2012
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR); Materials and
   Manufacturing Directorate of the Air Force Research Laboratory
FX The authors are grateful for financial support from the Air Force Office
   of Scientific Research (AFOSR) and the Materials and Manufacturing
   Directorate of the Air Force Research Laboratory.
NR 28
TC 74
Z9 74
U1 5
U2 92
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1616-301X
J9 ADV FUNCT MATER
JI Adv. Funct. Mater.
PD AUG 9
PY 2011
VL 21
IS 15
BP 2913
EP 2918
DI 10.1002/adfm.201100333
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
   Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
   Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
   Physics
GA 810XY
UT WOS:000294164900013
ER

PT J
AU Shuman, NS
   Miller, TM
   Friedman, JF
   Viggiano, AA
   Maergoiz, AI
   Troe, J
AF Shuman, Nicholas S.
   Miller, Thomas M.
   Friedman, Jeffrey F.
   Viggiano, Albert A.
   Maergoiz, Anatol I.
   Troe, Juergen
TI Pressure and temperature dependence of dissociative and non-dissociative
   electron attachment to CF3: Experiments and kinetic modeling
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE carbon compounds; dissociation; electron attachment; mass spectra;
   molecule-electron collisions; statistical analysis
ID RATE CONSTANTS K(E,J); UNIMOLECULAR REACTIONS; CROSS-SECTIONS; CAPTURE;
   IONS
AB The kinetics of electron attachment to CF3 as a function of temperature (300-600 K) and pressure (0.75-2.5 Torr) were studied by variable electron and neutral density attachment mass spectrometry exploiting dissociative electron attachment to CF3Br as a radical source. Attachment occurs through competing dissociative (CF3 + e(-) -> CF2 + F-) and non-dissociative channels (CF3 + e(-) -> CF3-). The rate constant of the dissociative channel increases strongly with temperature, while that of the non-dissociative channel decreases. The rate constant of the non-dissociative channel increases strongly with pressure, while that of the dissociative channel shows little dependence. The total rate constant of electron attachment increases with temperature and with pressure. The system is analyzed by kinetic modeling in terms of statistical theory in order to understand its properties and to extrapolate to conditions beyond those accessible in the experiment. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3614471]
C1 [Maergoiz, Anatol I.; Troe, Juergen] Univ Gottingen, Inst Phys Chem, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany.
   [Shuman, Nicholas S.; Miller, Thomas M.; Friedman, Jeffrey F.; Viggiano, Albert A.] USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA.
   [Troe, Juergen] Max Planck Inst Biophys Chem, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany.
RP Troe, J (reprint author), Univ Gottingen, Inst Phys Chem, Tammannstr 6, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany.
EM shoff@gwdg.de
FU United States Air Force of Scientific Research [2303EP]; European Office
   of Aerospace Research and Development [FA8655-10-1-3057]; Institute for
   Scientific Research of Boston Colleagues [FA8718-10-C-0002]; Deutsche
   Forschungsgemeinschaft [TR 69/17-2]
FX The project was funded by the United States Air Force of Scientific
   Research under Project No. 2303EP. Financial support by the European
   Office of Aerospace Research and Development (Grant No.
   FA8655-10-1-3057) is also acknowledged. T.M.M. is under contract (No.
   FA8718-10-C-0002) from the Institute for Scientific Research of Boston
   Colleagues. A.I.M. gratefully acknowledges support by the Deutsche
   Forschungsgemeinschaft (TR 69/17-2).
NR 35
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 0
U2 18
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
   MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD AUG 7
PY 2011
VL 135
IS 5
AR 054306
DI 10.1063/1.3614471
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 803XX
UT WOS:000293617500018
PM 21823699
ER

PT J
AU Smith, ML
   Yanega, GM
   Ruina, A
AF Smith, M. L.
   Yanega, G. M.
   Ruina, A.
TI Elastic instability model of rapid beak closure in hummingbirds
SO JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Functional morphology; Avian feeding mechanics; Physical models;
   Insectivory; Trochilidae
ID SOUND PRODUCTION; BONE; MINERALIZATION; MECHANICS; PERFORMANCE; CAPTURE;
   DESIGN; TIMBAL; STRIKE; ENERGY
AB The hummingbird beak, specialized for feeding on floral nectars, is also uniquely adapted to eating flying insects. During insect capture the beak often appears to close at a rate that cannot be explained by direct muscular action alone. Here we show that the lower jaw of hummingbirds has a shape and compliance that allows for a controlled elastic snap. Furthermore, hummingbirds have the musculature needed to independently bend and twist the sides of the lower jaw. According to both our simple physical model and our elastic instability calculation, the jaw can be smoothly opened and then snapped closed through an appropriate sequence of bending and twisting actions by the muscles of the lower jaw. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Smith, M. L.; Ruina, A.] Cornell Univ, Dept Theoret & Appl Mech, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
   [Yanega, G. M.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Storrs, CT 06269 USA.
RP Smith, ML (reprint author), USAF, Nanostruct & Biol Mat Branch, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM mls238@cornell.edu
OI Ruina, Andy/0000-0001-5493-6048
NR 44
TC 10
Z9 11
U1 4
U2 19
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0022-5193
J9 J THEOR BIOL
JI J. Theor. Biol.
PD AUG 7
PY 2011
VL 282
IS 1
BP 41
EP 51
DI 10.1016/j.jtbi.2011.05.007
PG 11
WC Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Mathematical & Computational
   Biology
GA 787IC
UT WOS:000292368800006
PM 21609721
ER

PT J
AU Alsing, PM
   McDonald, JR
   Miller, WA
AF Alsing, Paul M.
   McDonald, Jonathan R.
   Miller, Warner A.
TI The simplicial Ricci tensor
SO CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM GRAVITY
LA English
DT Article
ID CALCULUS; FLOW
AB The Ricci tensor (Ric) is fundamental to Einstein's geometric theory of gravitation. The three-dimensional Ric of a spacelike surface vanishes at the moment of time symmetry for vacuum spacetimes. The four-dimensional Ric is the Einstein tensor for such spacetimes. More recently, the Ric was used by Hamilton to define a nonlinear, diffusive Ricci flow (RF) that was fundamental to Perelman's proof of the Poincare conjecture. Analytic applications of RF can be found in many fields including general relativity and mathematics. Numerically it has been applied broadly to communication networks, medical physics, computer design and more. In this paper, we use Regge calculus (RC) to provide the first geometric discretization of the Ric. This result is fundamental for higher dimensional generalizations of discrete RF. We construct this tensor on both the simplicial lattice and its dual and prove their equivalence. We show that the Ric is an edge-based weighted average of deficit divided by an edge-based weighted average of dual area-an expression similar to the vertex-based weighted average of the scalar curvature reported recently. We use this Ric in a third and independent geometric derivation of the RC Einstein tensor in arbitrary dimensions.
C1 [Alsing, Paul M.; McDonald, Jonathan R.] USAF, Res Lab, Informat Directorate, Rome, NY 13441 USA.
   [McDonald, Jonathan R.] Univ Jena, Inst Angew Math, D-07743 Jena, Germany.
   [Miller, Warner A.] Florida Atlantic Univ, Dept Phys, Boca Raton, FL 33431 USA.
RP Alsing, PM (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Informat Directorate, Rome, NY 13441 USA.
EM jonathan.mcdonald.ctr@rl.af.mil
FU German Research Foundation (DFG) [SFB/TR7]; National Research Council
   Research; Information Directorate at Air Force Research Laboratory; Air
   Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)
FX We would like to thank Shing-Tung Yau and Xianfeng Gu for stimulating
   our interest in this topic and pointing out useful references. JRM would
   like to acknowledge partial support from the SFB/TR7 'Gravitational Wave
   Astronomy' grant funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG) and is
   currently supported through a National Research Council Research
   Associateship Award at AFRL Information Directorate. WAM acknowledges
   partial support from the Information Directorate at Air Force Research
   Laboratory. PMA wishes to acknowledge the support of the Air Force
   Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) for this work. Any opinions,
   findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material
   are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of
   AFRL.
NR 28
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 2
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0264-9381
J9 CLASSICAL QUANT GRAV
JI Class. Quantum Gravity
PD AUG 7
PY 2011
VL 28
IS 15
AR 155007
DI 10.1088/0264-9381/28/15/155007
PG 17
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles
   & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA 788NZ
UT WOS:000292453000010
ER

PT J
AU Wing, S
   Ohtani, S
   Johnson, JR
   Echim, M
   Newell, PT
   Higuchi, T
   Ueno, G
   Wilson, GR
AF Wing, Simon
   Ohtani, Shin-ichi
   Johnson, Jay R.
   Echim, Marius
   Newell, Patrick T.
   Higuchi, Tomoyuki
   Ueno, Genta
   Wilson, Gordon R.
TI Solar wind driving of dayside field-aligned currents
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID INTERPLANETARY MAGNETIC-FIELD; LATITUDE BOUNDARY-LAYER; DISCRETE AURORAL
   ARCS; BIRKELAND CURRENTS; PLASMA SHEET; LOW-ALTITUDE; ELECTRIC
   POTENTIALS; DYNAMIC PRESSURE; PARTICLE-PRECIPITATION; SOUTHWARD IMF
AB Variations in the dayside field-aligned current (FAC) density (J(//)), field-aligned parallel potential drop (Delta phi(//)), peak precipitating electron energy (peak E(e)), and precipitating electron energy flux (epsilon) as functions of solar wind (SW) and interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) are investigated with Defense Meteorological Satellite Program observations and a quasi-stationary low-latitude boundary layer (LLBL)-FAC coupling model. Region 1 (R1) J(//) responses to variations in SW velocity (V(sw)) and density (n(sw)) at 8-16 magnetic local time (MLT) suggest that R1 at these local times is frequently open while R1 at 6-08 and 17-18 MLT is frequently closed. R2 is located mostly on closed field lines. In the afternoon open R1 at 12-16 MLT, an increase in n(sw) increases J(//), decreases maximum peak Ee (proxy for Delta phi(//)), but has little effect on maximum epsilon. In the same R1 region, an increase in V(sw) increases J(//), maximum peak E(e), and maximum epsilon. The dependencies of J(//), maximum peak E(e), and maximum epsilon are consistent with the Knight relation and the voltage generator at the magnetopause boundary in the afternoon open R1. In the midmorning and midafternoon, the response of J(//) to V(sw) is higher for southward than for northward IMF. This can be attributed to the higher-velocity shear at the magnetopause boundary due to higher sunward convection in the LLBL inside the magnetopause. R1 in the closed-field lines near dawn and dusk appears to be more sensitive to merging rate (d Phi/dt = V(4/3)(sw) B(T)(2/3) sin(8/3)(theta(c)/2)) than to SW dynamic pressure.
C1 [Wing, Simon; Ohtani, Shin-ichi; Newell, Patrick T.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA.
   [Echim, Marius] Inst Aeron Spatiale Belgique, B-1180 Brussels, Belgium.
   [Higuchi, Tomoyuki; Ueno, Genta] Inst Stat Math, Dept Stat Modeling, Minato Ku, Tokyo 1068569, Japan.
   [Johnson, Jay R.] Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
   [Wilson, Gordon R.] USAF, Res Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87111 USA.
   [Echim, Marius] Inst Space Sci, Bucharest, Romania.
RP Wing, S (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, 11100 Johns Hopkins Rd, Laurel, MD 20723 USA.
EM simon.wing@jhuapl.edu
RI Echim, Marius/F-1813-2010; Ohtani, Shinichi/E-3914-2016
OI Echim, Marius/0000-0001-7038-9494; Ohtani, Shinichi/0000-0002-9565-6840
FU NSF [ATM-0703445, ATM-0802715, ATM-0538513, ATM-0503065, ATM0902730];
   NASA [NNX10AE63G, NNX09AF46G, NNG07EK69I, NNH07AF37I, NNH09AM53I,
   NNH09AK63I]; Belgian Office for Science (BELSPO) [MO/35/031]; ESA PECS
   [98049/2007]; DOE [DE-AC02-09CH11466]
FX The study was supported by NSF Grants ATM-0703445, ATM-0802715, and
   ATM-0538513, and by NASA Grant NNX10AE63G. Shin Ohtani acknowledges the
   support of NSF grant ATM-0503065 and NASA Grant NNX09AF46G. Marius Echim
   acknowledges support from the Belgian Office for Science (BELSPO) grant
   MO/35/031 and from ESA PECS grant 98049/2007. Jay R. Johnson
   acknowledges support from NASA grants (NNG07EK69I, NNH07AF37I,
   NNH09AM53I, and NNH09AK63I), NSF grant ATM0902730, and DOE contract
   DE-AC02-09CH11466. We thank Fred Rich and the Air Force Research
   Laboratory for the DMSP SSJ4 and magnetometer data. We thank James M.
   Weygand for the solar wind data processing. The raw solar wind data from
   ACE, Wind, IMP8, ISEE1 and ISEE3 were obtained from NASA CDAW and NSSDC.
NR 81
TC 9
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0148-0227
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD AUG 4
PY 2011
VL 116
AR A08208
DI 10.1029/2011JA016579
PG 17
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 804JJ
UT WOS:000293649800001
ER

PT J
AU Huang, CY
   Delay, SH
   Roddy, PA
   Sutton, EK
AF Huang, Cheryl Y.
   Delay, Susan H.
   Roddy, Patrick A.
   Sutton, Eric K.
TI Periodic structures in the equatorial ionosphere
SO RADIO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID LATENT-HEAT RELEASE; TIDES
AB The plasma densities detected by the Planar Langmuir Probe (PLP) on board the Communication/Navigation Outage Forecasting System (C/NOFS) satellite have been analyzed for the June 2008 period. This interval, which corresponds to one of the quietest periods in the space era, exhibited broad plasma decreases (BPDs) which we have reported previously. In order to treat the data quantitatively, we have detrended the PLP data by using the International Reference Ionosphere model to remove variations in density due to changes in spacecraft altitude and latitude along the orbit. In this paper we present results of a statistical analysis of C/NOFS detrended plasma densities during June 2008 as well as neutral densities from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment measured during the same period. The results show periodic structures in both charged and neutral species, most evident in limited local times. These structures resemble wave-4 nonmigrating tides. BPDs persist in the detrended data and appear as one of the minima in the periodic signatures, most strikingly on the nightside.
C1 [Huang, Cheryl Y.; Roddy, Patrick A.; Sutton, Eric K.] USAF, Space Vehicles Directorate, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
   [Delay, Susan H.] Boston Coll, Inst Sci Res, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 USA.
RP Huang, CY (reprint author), USAF, Space Vehicles Directorate, 29 Randolph Rd, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
EM afrl.rvb.pa@hanscom.af.mil
RI Sutton, Eric/A-1574-2016
OI Sutton, Eric/0000-0003-1424-7189
FU Air Force Research Laboratory; Department of Defense; NASA; Naval
   Research Laboratory; Aerospace Corporation; Air Force Office of
   Scientific Research [Task 2301SDA5]
FX The C/NOFS mission is supported by the Air Force Research Laboratory,
   the Department of Defense Space Test Program, NASA, the Naval Research
   Laboratory, and the Aerospace Corporation. This research was supported
   by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research, Task 2301SDA5.
NR 26
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0048-6604
J9 RADIO SCI
JI Radio Sci.
PD AUG 3
PY 2011
VL 46
AR RS0D14
DI 10.1029/2010RS004569
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology &
   Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology &
   Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications
GA 804FZ
UT WOS:000293641000001
ER

PT J
AU Vivas, MG
   Piovesan, E
   Silva, DL
   Cooper, TM
   De Boni, L
   Mendonca, CR
AF Vivas, Marcelo G.
   Piovesan, Erick
   Silva, Daniel L.
   Cooper, Thomas M.
   De Boni, Leonardo
   Mendonca, Cleber R.
TI Broadband three-photon absorption spectra of platinum acetylide
   complexes
SO OPTICAL MATERIALS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
ID ETHYNYL COMPOUND; PT-ETHYNYL; 2-PHOTON; CHROMOPHORES; 4-PHOTON; SERIES
AB We investigate the three-photon absorption spectra of four platinum acetylides complexes employing femtosecond pulses. We observed strong three-photon absorption cross-section in the near-infrared region (from 850 nm to 1200 nm). The three-photon absorption (3PA) spectra present resonance enhancement effect as two photons of the excitation wavelength approach the lower two-photon allowed states of the molecules as well as a 3PA allowed band around 1180 nm. The 3PA cross-section spectra were interpreted using the sum-over-essential-states approach, considering a three-energy-level diagram. (C) 2011 Optical Society of America
C1 [Vivas, Marcelo G.; Piovesan, Erick; Silva, Daniel L.; De Boni, Leonardo; Mendonca, Cleber R.] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis Sao Carlos, BR-13560970 Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil.
   [Cooper, Thomas M.] USAF, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Vivas, MG (reprint author), Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis Sao Carlos, Caixa Postal 369, BR-13560970 Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil.
EM mendonca@ifsc.usp.br
RI Mendonca, Cleber/B-9050-2012; De Boni, Leonardo/B-9066-2012; Vivas,
   Marcelo/C-2453-2012; Group, Photonics/D-3910-2012; Silva,
   Daniel/L-9680-2014; Piovesan, Erick/D-6000-2015; Sao Carlos Institute of
   Physics, IFSC/USP/M-2664-2016
OI De Boni, Leonardo/0000-0002-1875-1852; Vivas,
   Marcelo/0000-0003-4777-1323; 
FU FAPESP (Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo); CNPQ
   (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico); CAPES
   (Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior); Air Force
   Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-07-1-0374]
FX Financial support from FAPESP (Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado
   de Sao Paulo), CNPQ (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e
   Tecnologico), CAPES (Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel
   Superior) and the Air Force Office of Scientific Research
   (FA9550-07-1-0374) are acknowledged. Technical assistance from Andre L.
   S. Romero is gratefully acknowledged.
NR 26
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 13
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 2159-3930
J9 OPT MATER EXPRESS
JI Opt. Mater. Express
PD AUG 1
PY 2011
VL 1
IS 4
BP 700
EP 710
PG 11
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics
SC Materials Science; Optics
GA 875QG
UT WOS:000299048100019
ER

PT J
AU Armanious, M
   Tyo, JS
   Skipper, MC
   Abdalla, MD
   Prather, WD
   Gruen, G
AF Armanious, Miena
   Tyo, J. Scott
   Skipper, Michael C.
   Abdalla, Michael D.
   Prather, William D.
   Gruen, Greggory
TI Electrostatic Field Management and Electrodynamic Modeling of Switched
   Quarter-wave Oscillators
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON DIELECTRICS AND ELECTRICAL INSULATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Switched oscillators; high power electromagnetic (HPEM) sources;
   mesoband sources
ID HIGH-POWER ELECTROMAGNETICS; BAND
AB Quarter-wave switched oscillators (SWOs), sometimes referred to as MATRIX oscillators, are an important technology for the generation of high-power, moderate bandwidth (mesoband) waveforms. The use of SWOs in high power microwave sources has been discussed for the past 10 years but a detailed discussion of the design of this type of oscillators for particular waveforms has been lacking. In this work a design methodology for a realization of SWOs is developed. A key element in the design of SWOs is the self-breakdown switch, which is created by a large electric field. In order for the switch to close as expected from the design, it is essential to manage the electrostatic field distribution inside the oscillator during the charging time. This enforces geometric constraints on the shape of the conductors inside the oscillator. At the same time, the electrodynamic operation of the system is dependent on the geometry of the structure. In order to generate a geometry that satisfies both the electrostatic and electrodynamic constraints, a new approach is developed to generate this geometry using iterative solutions to the 2-D static Laplace equation, subject to a particular set of boundary conditions. These boundary conditions are manipulated to generate equipotential lines with specific dimensions that satisfy the electrodynamic constraints. Meanwhile, these equipotential lines naturally support an electrostatic field distribution that meets the requirements for the field enhancement.
   To study the electrodynamic aspects of SWOs, three different (but inter-related) numerical models are built. Depending on the assumptions made in each model, different information about the electrodynamic properties of the designed SWO are obtained. In addition, the agreement and consistency between the different models, validate and give confidence in the calculated results.
C1 [Armanious, Miena; Tyo, J. Scott] Univ Arizona, Coll Opt Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
   [Skipper, Michael C.; Abdalla, Michael D.] ASR Corp, Albuquerque, NM 87120 USA.
   [Prather, William D.; Gruen, Greggory] USAF, Res Lab, Kirtland, NM 87117 USA.
RP Armanious, M (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Coll Opt Sci, 1630 E Univ Blvd, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
NR 24
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1070-9878
J9 IEEE T DIELECT EL IN
JI IEEE Trns. Dielectr. Electr. Insul.
PD AUG
PY 2011
VL 18
IS 4
BP 1054
EP 1065
PG 12
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Physics
GA 807SB
UT WOS:000293918900018
ER

PT J
AU Su, Z
   He, J
   Ji, XH
   Gothard, N
   Tritt, TM
AF Su, Zhe
   He, Jian
   Ji, Xiaohua
   Gothard, Nicolas
   Tritt, Terry M.
TI Improving Thermoelectric Performance of Pulverized p-Type Bi2Te3 via a
   Grain Boundary Engineering Approach
SO SCIENCE OF ADVANCED MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE Thermopower; Thermal Conductivity; Bi2Te3 Alloys; Thermoelectrics
ID THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY; FIGURE; MERIT; SUPERLATTICES; COMPOSITES;
   APPARATUS
AB It has been previously demonstrated that the hydrothermal treatment of polycrystalline p-Bi2Te3 by alkali metal salt XBH4 (X = Na or Rb) solution resulted in lower thermal conductivity for Na-treatment and higher power factor for Rb-treatment due to a thin layer formed at the grain boundary. One step further, we herein report the results of an approach combining both Na- and Rb-treatment with various molar ratios. It is found that a similar grain boundary layer is formed with a compositional gradient along the depth direction. Hall coefficient measurements have shown that the grain boundary phase introduced new carriers into the system and thereby compensated for the loss in mobility. With the Seebeck coefficient largely retained, the electrical conductivity to thermal conductivity ratio has been optimized by varying the Na:Rb ratio in the starting solution. As a result, the Na:Rb similar to 1:2 ratio yields the best dimensionless figure of merit ZT value similar to 0.92 at 350 K, comparable with that of the start-of-the art p-type Bi2Te3 commercial ingot.
C1 [Su, Zhe; He, Jian; Ji, Xiaohua; Gothard, Nicolas; Tritt, Terry M.] Clemson Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.
   [Su, Zhe] BioDefense Corp, Boston, MA 02210 USA.
   [Ji, Xiaohua] Quallion LLC, Sylmar, CA 91342 USA.
   [Gothard, Nicolas] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Tritt, TM (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.
FU DOE/EPSCoR [DE-FG02-04ER-46139]; SC EPSCoR Office/Clemson University
FX We would like to acknowledge the financial supports from DOE/EPSCoR
   Implementation Grant (#DE-FG02-04ER-46139) and SC EPSCoR Office/Clemson
   University cost sharing. We also thank Dr. Jeff Sharp of Marlow
   Industries, Inc. for providing the samples.
NR 21
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 5
U2 28
PU AMER SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERS
PI VALENCIA
PA 26650 THE OLD RD, STE 208, VALENCIA, CA 91381-0751 USA
SN 1947-2935
J9 SCI ADV MATER
JI Sci. Adv. Mater.
PD AUG
PY 2011
VL 3
IS 4
SI SI
BP 596
EP 601
DI 10.1166/sam.2011.1188
PG 6
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
   Physics, Applied
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics
GA 843LH
UT WOS:000296672800009
ER

PT J
AU Kim, KT
AF Kim, Kristopher T.
TI Truncation-Error Reduction in Spherical Near-Field Scanning Using
   Slepian Sequences: Formulation for Scalar Waves
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Antenna measurement; bistatic scattering; near-field scanning;
   near-field-to-far-field transformation; Slepian sequence; truncation
   error
ID BISTATIC RCS CALCULATIONS
AB We discuss the error that results when the far field is reconstructed from spatially truncated near-field samples and present an effective mitigation technique based on the Slepian sequence for acoustic spherical near-field scanning. We show that the truncation error is inevitable whenever the far field is reconstructed using the classical near-field-to-far-field transformation. After discussing the Slepian sequence for a truncated spherical surface and its analytic and numerical properties, we apply it to expand truncated NF samples and derive the near-field-to-far-field transformation of the resulting expansion coefficients, from which the far field can be computed. We demonstrate the efficacy of this transformation by applying it to near-field scanning for bistatic scattering from a sphere and radiation from a current distribution.
C1 USAF, Electromagnet Div, Sensors Directorate, Res Lab, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
RP Kim, KT (reprint author), USAF, Electromagnet Div, Sensors Directorate, Res Lab, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
EM trout@ieee.org
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research
FX This work was supported in part by the Air Force Office of Scientific
   Research. Portions of this paper were presented at the IEEE Int. Symp.
   on Antennas and Propagation and CNC/USNC/URSI Radio Science Meeting
   Toronto, ON, Canada, Jul. 11-17, 2010.
NR 26
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-926X
J9 IEEE T ANTENN PROPAG
JI IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag.
PD AUG
PY 2011
VL 59
IS 8
BP 2813
EP 2823
DI 10.1109/TAP.2011.2158968
PG 11
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA 805SE
UT WOS:000293748500008
ER

PT J
AU Firmino, A
   Grote, JG
   Kajzar, F
   M'Peko, JC
   Pawlicka, A
AF Firmino, A.
   Grote, J. G.
   Kajzar, F.
   M'Peko, J. -C.
   Pawlicka, A.
TI DNA-based ionic conducting membranes
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID POLYMER ELECTROLYTES; SPECTROSCOPY; PLASTICIZER; EMISSION; COMPLEX;
   FILMS
AB Deoxyribonucleic acid based gel solid electrolytes were prepared and their electric properties were characterized. Their ionic conductivity is in the range of 10(-4)-10(-5) S/cm at room temperature and increases linearly in function of temperature, obeying an Arrhenius-like relationship. The present study, combined with the literature data, suggests that the electrical conduction mechanism in these membranes involve ion motion and/or charge hopping, promoted most likely by a significant interaction between the membrane components. The good conductivity results, as found here, together with the good transparency and good adhesion to the electrodes show that the DNA-based gel polymer electrolytes are very promising materials for application in various electrochromic devices. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3610951]
C1 [Kajzar, F.] Univ Politehn Bucuresti, Fac Appl Chem & Mat Sci, Bucharest, Romania.
   [Kajzar, F.] Univ Angers, Inst Sci & Technol Mol Angers, MOLTECH Anjou, CNRS,UMR 6200, Angers, France.
   [M'Peko, J. -C.] Univ Sao Paulo, IFSC, BR-13560970 Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil.
   [Grote, J. G.] USAF, Res Lab, AFRL RXPS, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Firmino, A.; Pawlicka, A.] Univ Sao Paulo, IQSC, BR-13560970 Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil.
RP Kajzar, F (reprint author), Univ Politehn Bucuresti, Fac Appl Chem & Mat Sci, Str Polizu 1, Bucharest, Romania.
EM frkajzar@yahoo.com
RI Firmino Nascimento, Alessandra/H-5257-2013; Pawlicka,
   Agnieszka/C-2625-2012; Sao Carlos Institute of Physics,
   IFSC/USP/M-2664-2016
OI Pawlicka, Agnieszka/0000-0002-8754-0493; 
FU FAPESP; CNPq; CAPES; US AFOSR; EU [POS CEE ID_634/12575]
FX A.F., F.S., and A.P. are indebted to FAPESP, CNPq, CAPES, and US AFOSR
   for the financial support given to this research. F.K. acknowledges the
   support of EU through the POS CEE ID_634/12575 project.
NR 19
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
   MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD AUG 1
PY 2011
VL 110
IS 3
AR 033704
DI 10.1063/1.3610951
PG 5
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 808DN
UT WOS:000293956600066
ER

PT J
AU Tang, W
   Shiffler, D
   Cartwright, KL
AF Tang, Wilkin
   Shiffler, Don
   Cartwright, Keith L.
TI Analysis of electric field screening by the proximity of two knife-edge
   field emitters
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID CARBON NANOTUBE ARRAYS; EMISSION; DISPLAY
AB The electric field of two semi-infinitely wide knife-edge cathodes with arbitrary separation is calculated by using a Schwarz-Christoffel transformation. This geometry could also represent a trench (or scratch) on a flat surface. It is found that the magnitude of the electric field on the knife-edge cathodes depends strongly on the ratio h/a, where h is the height of the knife-edge cathodes and 2a is the distance between the cathodes. When h/a increases, the magnitude of the electric field on the cathode's surface decreases. This shows the screening of one cathode by another cathode; for example, keeping the height fixed and decreasing the distance between the cathodes, the field enhancement on the corner decreases. Analytic approximations for the divergent electric field in the immediate vicinity of the sharp edge are derived for the cases where h/a >> 1, and h/a << 1. These results lead to insight on the relationship of the density of field emitter in field emitting arrays and field emission from rough surfaces. [doi: 10.1063/1.3615846]
C1 [Tang, Wilkin; Shiffler, Don; Cartwright, Keith L.] USAF, Res Lab, Directed Energy Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA.
RP Tang, W (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Directed Energy Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA.
EM wilkin.tang@kirtland.af.mil
FU LRIR from AFOSR; United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear
   Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]
FX The authors would like to thank Y. Y. Lau and J. W. Luginsland for many
   helpful discussions and insight regarding this work. This work was
   supported by a LRIR from AFOSR. This work was performed while one of the
   authors (W. Tang) held a National Research Council Research
   Associateship Award at Air Force Research Laboratory, Kirtland AFB.
   Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a
   Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy's
   National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract
   DE-AC04-94AL85000.
NR 31
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
   MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD AUG 1
PY 2011
VL 110
IS 3
AR 034905
DI 10.1063/1.3615846
PG 5
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 808DN
UT WOS:000293956600157
ER

PT J
AU Carney, CM
   Parthasarathy, TA
   Cinibulk, MK
AF Carney, Carmen M.
   Parthasarathy, Triplicane A.
   Cinibulk, Michael K.
TI Oxidation Resistance of Hafnium Diboride Ceramics with Additions of
   Silicon Carbide and Tungsten Boride or Tungsten Carbide
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE CERAMICS; ZIRCONIUM DIBORIDE; ZRB2; SYSTEM; BEHAVIOR;
   CRYSTALLIZATION; CHEMISTRY; STRENGTH; METALS; PHASES
AB Dense samples of HfB(2)-SiC, HfB(2)-SiC-WC, and HfB(2)-SiC-WB were prepared by field-assisted sintering. The WB and WC additives were incorporated by solid solution into the HfB(2) and the HfC that formed during sintering. Oxidation of the samples was studied using isothermal furnace oxidation between 1600 degrees and 2000 degrees C. Sample microstructure and chemistry before and after oxidation were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The addition of WC and WB did not alter oxidation kinetics of the baseline HfB(2)-SiC composition below 1800 degrees C; however, at 2000 degrees C, HfB(2)-SiC-WC and HfB(2)-SiC-WB had oxide scales that were 30% thinner than the oxide scale of HfB(2)-SiC. It is believed that WC and WB promoted liquid-phase densification of the HfO(2) scale, thereby reducing the path of oxygen ingress, during oxidation.
C1 [Carney, Carmen M.; Parthasarathy, Triplicane A.; Cinibulk, Michael K.] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Carney, Carmen M.; Parthasarathy, Triplicane A.] Universal Energy Syst Inc, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
RP Carney, CM (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM carmen.carney@wpafb.af.mil
RI Parthasarathy, Triplicane/B-7146-2011
OI Parthasarathy, Triplicane/0000-0002-5449-9754
FU  [FA8650-10-D-5226]
FX This work was financially supported under Contract No. FA8650-10-D-5226.
NR 43
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 2
U2 44
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0002-7820
J9 J AM CERAM SOC
JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc.
PD AUG
PY 2011
VL 94
IS 8
BP 2600
EP 2607
DI 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2011.04462.x
PG 8
WC Materials Science, Ceramics
SC Materials Science
GA 805AP
UT WOS:000293698700059
ER

PT J
AU Albert, JM
AF Albert, J. M.
TI The whistler mode refractive index as a function of gyrofrequency
SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
LA English
DT Article
DE plasma instability; plasma transport processes; radiation belts;
   refractive index; whistlers
ID ENERGY DIFFUSION-COEFFICIENTS; PITCH-ANGLE; WAVES; ACCELERATION;
   ELECTRONS; PRECIPITATION; MAGNETOSPHERE; SCATTERING; CYCLOTRON; PLASMA
AB The refractive index for a constant-frequency whistler mode wave in an electron-proton plasma is considered as a function of position, through the local gyrofrequencies Omega(e,i). The full cold plasma dispersion relation is used. The wave frequency can take any value up to the smaller of Omega(e) and the plasma frequency omega(pe) but omega(pe) is allowed to take any fixed value, as is the wavenormal angle. It is rigorously established that the refractive index is a decreasing function of Omega(e). One application of this is to finding locations of Landau and cyclotron resonances, to evaluate the effects of whistler mode waves on radiation belt electrons. [doi:10.1063/1.3622653]
C1 USAF, Res Lab RVBX, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA.
RP Albert, JM (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab RVBX, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA.
OI Albert, Jay/0000-0001-9494-7630
FU Space Vehicles Directorate of the Air Force Research Laboratory; Air
   Force Office of Scientific Research
FX This work was supported by the Space Vehicles Directorate of the Air
   Force Research Laboratory and the Air Force Office of Scientific
   Research.
NR 20
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
   MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 1070-664X
J9 PHYS PLASMAS
JI Phys. Plasmas
PD AUG
PY 2011
VL 18
IS 8
AR 084503
DI 10.1063/1.3622653
PG 4
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA 814VX
UT WOS:000294486400087
ER

PT J
AU Roy, S
   Suwas, S
   Tamirisakandala, S
   Miracle, DB
   Srinivasan, R
AF Roy, Shibayan
   Suwas, Satyam
   Tamirisakandala, S.
   Miracle, D. B.
   Srinivasan, R.
TI Development of solidification microstructure in boron-modified alloy
   Ti-6Al-4V-0.1B
SO ACTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Titanium alloy; Boron addition; Solidification; Microstructure; EBSD
ID ALPHA/BETA-TITANIUM-ALLOY; BETA-GRAIN-GROWTH; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES;
   TEXTURE EVOLUTION; VARIANT SELECTION; HEAT-TREATMENT; PHASE; BEHAVIOR;
   REFINEMENT; ADDITIONS
AB Hypoeutectic boron addition (0.1 wt.%) to Ti-6Al-4V is known to cause significant refinement of the cast microstructure. In the present investigation, it has been observed that trace boron addition to Ti-6Al-4V alloy also ensures excellent microstructural homogeneity throughout the ingot. A subdued thermal gradient, related to the basic grain refinement mechanism by constitutional undercooling, persists during solidification for the boron-containing alloy and maintains equivalent beta grain growth kinetics at different locations in the ingot. The Ti-6Al-4V alloy shows relatively strong texture with preferred components (e.g. ingot axis parallel to[0 0 0 1] or [1 0 (1) over bar 0]) over the entire ingot and gradual transition of texture components along the radius. For Ti-6Al-4V-0.1B alloy, significant weakening characterizes both the high-temperature beta and room-temperature a texture. In addition to solidification factors that are responsible for weak beta texture development, microstructural differences due to boron addition, e.g. the absence of grain boundary alpha phase and presence of TiB particles, strongly affects the mechanism of beta -> alpha phase transformation and consequently weakens the alpha phase texture. Based on the understanding developed for the boron-modified alloy, a novel mechanism has been proposed for the microstructure and texture formation during solidification and phase transformation. (C) 2011 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Roy, Shibayan; Suwas, Satyam] Indian Inst Sci, Dept Mat Engn, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India.
   [Tamirisakandala, S.] FMW Composite Syst Inc, Bridgeport, WV USA.
   [Tamirisakandala, S.; Miracle, D. B.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Srinivasan, R.] Wright State Univ, Mech & Mat Engn Dept, Dayton, OH 45435 USA.
RP Suwas, S (reprint author), Indian Inst Sci, Dept Mat Engn, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India.
EM satyamsuwas@materials.iisc.ernet.in
RI ROY, SHIBAYAN/E-4225-2012; 
OI Roy, Shibayan/0000-0002-4496-9193
FU Asian Office of Aerospace Research and Development (AOARD)
FX The authors acknowledge the Asian Office of Aerospace Research and
   Development (AOARD) for the financial support and Institute Nanoscience
   Initiative (INI), Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India for the
   required research facilities. The help rendered by Dr. Nilesh Gurao,
   IISc, India, in carrying out the EBSD experiments and Mr. Suhas Karanth
   of NITK Surathkal, India in preparing the montages, is thankfully
   acknowledged.
NR 46
TC 40
Z9 42
U1 4
U2 41
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6454
J9 ACTA MATER
JI Acta Mater.
PD AUG
PY 2011
VL 59
IS 14
BP 5494
EP 5510
DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2011.05.023
PG 17
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
   Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 809YA
UT WOS:000294091400012
ER

PT J
AU Pearson, RD
   Bailey, J
AF Pearson, Ryan D.
   Bailey, Justin
TI Complex Regional Pain Syndrome in an 8-Year-Old Female With Emotional
   Stress During Deployment of a Family Member
SO MILITARY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID CHILDREN; ADOLESCENTS; DYSTROPHY
AB Introduction: This pediatric case of complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) illustrates the need to expand the typical age range and raise awareness of the psychological impact military deployment may have on its development. Case: An emotional 8-year-old female, with a recently deployed father, presented with left foot pain. Over an 11-week-period, she developed symptoms, signs, and radiologic findings consistent with CRPS. Discussion: Pediatric CRPS is characterized by ecchymosis, edema, allodynia, mottling, and abnormal hair growth in the region of pain after minor trauma. It occurs predominately in adolescent females, mainly affects the lower limbs, and is associated with psychological stressors. This patient with CRPS presents several years younger than what is commonly described in the literature in the stressful setting of a deployed parent. Conclusion: CRPS can occur in younger than expected age ranges of children who experience the unique emotional stressor of a deployed family member.
C1 [Pearson, Ryan D.] David Grant Med Ctr, Dept Family Med, Travis AFB, CA 94535 USA.
   [Bailey, Justin] Family Med Residency Idaho, Boise, ID 83704 USA.
RP Pearson, RD (reprint author), David Grant Med Ctr, Dept Family Med, 101 Bodin Circle, Travis AFB, CA 94535 USA.
NR 7
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US
PI BETHESDA
PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0026-4075
J9 MIL MED
JI Milit. Med.
PD AUG
PY 2011
VL 176
IS 8
BP 876
EP 878
PG 3
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 804TB
UT WOS:000293675800006
PM 21882776
ER

PT J
AU Allan, PF
   Osborn, EC
   Bloom, BB
   Wanek, S
   Cannon, JW
AF Allan, Patrick F.
   Osborn, Erik C.
   Bloom, Brian B.
   Wanek, Sandra
   Cannon, Jeremy W.
TI The Introduction of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation to Aeromedical
   Evacuation
SO MILITARY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID RESPIRATORY-DISTRESS-SYNDROME; ACUTE LUNG INJURY; A(H1N1) SUFFICIENT
   EVIDENCE; END-EXPIRATORY PRESSURE; CARE AIR TRANSPORT; LIFE-SUPPORT;
   MILITARY MEDICINE; CLINICAL-TRIAL; TIDAL VOLUMES; FAILURE
AB Objective: To review the principles of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and to describe the recent advancements in ECMO technology that permit use of this rescue therapy for severe lung injury in combat casualties. Methods/Results: Lung protective ventilation has defined the state-of-the-art treatment for acute lung injury for more than a decade. Despite the benefits provided by a low tidal volume strategy, lung injury patients may experience deterioration in gas exchange to the point that other rescue interventions are needed or the patient succumbs to progressive respiratory failure. When this occurs in combat casualties, management of the patient in an austere environment and movement to definitive care become problematic. Recent advances in ECMO technology permit long-range transport of these critically ill casualties with greater physiologic reserve and potentially less mortality. Conclusions: Advances in ECMO technology now enable the stabilization and aeromedical evacuation of even the most critically ill combat casualties with severe lung injury.
C1 [Allan, Patrick F.; Bloom, Brian B.] Wright Patterson Med Ctr, Dept Pulm Crit Care & Sleep Med, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Osborn, Erik C.; Wanek, Sandra] Landstuhl Reg Med Ctr, Dept Surg & Crit Care, APO, AE 09180 USA.
   [Cannon, Jeremy W.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Div Trauma & Acute Care Surg, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA.
RP Allan, PF (reprint author), Wright Patterson Med Ctr, Dept Pulm Crit Care & Sleep Med, 4881 Sugar Maple Dr, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
FU Defense Medical Research and Development Program
FX JWC is supported by a grant from the Defense Medical Research and
   Development Program.
NR 43
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 3
PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US
PI BETHESDA
PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0026-4075
J9 MIL MED
JI Milit. Med.
PD AUG
PY 2011
VL 176
IS 8
BP 932
EP 937
PG 6
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 804TB
UT WOS:000293675800015
PM 21882785
ER

PT J
AU Venuto, M
   Brosch, LC
   Tchjanda, J
   Cropper, TL
AF Venuto, Margaret
   Brosch, Lorie C.
   Tchjanda, Juste
   Cropper, Thomas Leo
TI Retrospective Case Series of Five Nontraumatic Deaths Among US Air Force
   Basic Military Trainees (1997-2007)
SO MILITARY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID EXERTIONAL HEAT ILLNESS; SUDDEN CARDIAC DEATH; RECRUITS; HYPONATREMIA
AB Introduction: Basic military training is both physically and mentally demanding. New recruits represent a young and relatively healthy subpopulation of individuals, and premature mortality is rare. The purpose of this retrospective case series is to discuss the causes of nontraumatic deaths among U.S. Air Force Basic Military Trainees (BMTs) at Lack land Air Force Base in San Antonio, Texas. Study Objective: The study objective is to describe the demographic, environmental, and clinical factors associated with nontraumatic deaths among BMTs. Methods: Data were extracted from medical records and autopsy reports. Results: During the time period of 1997 to 2007, there were 5 nontraumatic deaths. Conclusion: Implementation of new policies or revisions to existing policies has reduced the number of nontraumatic deaths in the U.S. Air Force BMT population.
C1 [Venuto, Margaret] USAF, Sch Aerosp Med, Brooks City Base, TX 78235 USA.
   [Brosch, Lorie C.; Tchjanda, Juste; Cropper, Thomas Leo] Trainee Hlth Surveillance, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
RP Venuto, M (reprint author), USAF, Sch Aerosp Med, 2513 Kennedy Circle,Bldg 180, Brooks City Base, TX 78235 USA.
FU U.S. Air Force School of Aerospace Medicine, USAFSAM/PHR
   [FA8902-06-D-1001/SA02]
FX The authors express appreciation for the contribution of Gary Weaver,
   Lackland Air Force Base Trainee Health. The funding source for this
   study is the U.S. Air Force School of Aerospace Medicine, USAFSAM/PHR
   through contract number FA8902-06-D-1001/SA02.
NR 23
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US
PI BETHESDA
PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0026-4075
J9 MIL MED
JI Milit. Med.
PD AUG
PY 2011
VL 176
IS 8
BP 938
EP 943
PG 6
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 804TB
UT WOS:000293675800016
PM 21882786
ER

PT J
AU Miller, JD
   Roy, S
   Slipchenko, MN
   Gord, JR
   Meyer, TR
AF Miller, Joseph D.
   Roy, Sukesh
   Slipchenko, Mikhail N.
   Gord, James R.
   Meyer, Terrence R.
TI Single-shot gas-phase thermometry using pure-rotational hybrid
   femtosecond/picosecond coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering
SO OPTICS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
ID DUAL-BROAD-BAND; HIGH-TEMPERATURE; SPECTROSCOPY; CARS; NITROGEN;
   SUPPRESSION; FLOWS; PROBE; INTERFERENCE; PRESSURE
AB High-repetition-rate, single-laser-shot measurements are important for the investigation of unsteady flows where temperature and species concentrations can vary significantly. Here, we demonstrate single-shot, pure-rotational, hybrid femtosecond/picosecond coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (fs/ps RCARS) thermometry based on a kHz-rate fs laser source. Interferences that can affect nanosecond (ns) and ps CARS, such as nonresonant background and collisional dephasing, are eliminated by selecting an appropriate time delay between the 100-fs pump/Stokes pulses and the pulse-shaped 8.4-ps probe. A time-and frequency-domain theoretical model is introduced to account for rotational-level dependent collisional dephasing and indicates that the optimal probe-pulse time delay is 13.5 ps to 30 ps. This time delay allows for uncorrected best-fit N-2-RCARS temperature measurements with similar to 1% accuracy. Hence, the hybrid fs/ps RCARS approach can be performed with kHz-rate laser sources while avoiding corrections that can be difficult to predict in unsteady flows. (c) 2011 Optical Society of America
C1 [Miller, Joseph D.; Meyer, Terrence R.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
   [Roy, Sukesh] Spectral Energies LLC, Dayton, OH 45431 USA.
   [Slipchenko, Mikhail N.] Purdue Univ, Weldon Sch Biomed Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
   [Gord, James R.] USAF, Prop Directorate, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Meyer, Terrence R.] Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Grad Sch Adv Opt Technol SAOT, D-8520 Erlangen, Germany.
RP Miller, JD (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
EM trm@iastate.edu
RI Meyer, Terrence/F-1556-2011
FU National Science Foundation [CBET-1056006]; Air Force Office of
   Scientific Research; Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL)
   [FA8650-09-C-2918, FA8650-10-C-2008]; National Defense Science and
   Engineering Graduate Fellowship Programs
FX Funding was provided, in part, by the National Science Foundation
   (CBET-1056006, Dr. Arvind Atreya, Program Official), the Air Force
   Office of Scientific Research (Dr. Tatjana Curcic, Program Manager), and
   the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) under Contract Nos.
   FA8650-09-C-2918 and FA8650-10-C-2008 (Ms. Amy Lynch, Program Manager).
   Equipment used for this work was funded, in part, by the Air Force
   Office of Scientific Research (Dr. Mitat Birkan, Program Manager).
   Joseph Miller was supported by the National Science Foundation and
   National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate Fellowship Programs.
   The authors also thank Dr. Hans Stauffer of Spectral Energies, LLC, Drs.
   Stephen Danczyk and Douglas Talley of the AFRL, and Drs. Sean Kearney
   and Darcie Farrow of Sandia National Laboratories for helpful
   discussions.
NR 41
TC 35
Z9 35
U1 2
U2 32
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1094-4087
J9 OPT EXPRESS
JI Opt. Express
PD AUG 1
PY 2011
VL 19
IS 16
BP 15627
EP 15640
DI 10.1364/OE.19.015627
PG 14
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 800DF
UT WOS:000293339200088
PM 21934925
ER

PT J
AU Czyz, CN
   Rich, NE
   Foster, JA
   Kavanagh, MC
   Perry, JD
   Holck, DEE
AF Czyz, Craig N.
   Rich, Nicole E.
   Foster, Jill A.
   Kavanagh, Marsha C.
   Perry, Julian D.
   Holck, David E. E.
TI Comparison of Postoperative Eyelid Position Using Fibrin Sealant versus
   Suture for Wound Closure in Muller's Muscle-Conjunctiva Resection Ptosis
   Repair
SO PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Fall Meeting of the
   American-Academy-of-Facial-Plastic-and-Reconstructive-Surgery
CY OCT 01-04, 2009
CL San Diego, CA
SP Amer Acad Facial Plast & Reconstruct Surg
ID GLUE; BLEPHAROPTOSIS; RHYTIDECTOMY; EFFICACY
AB Background: The purpose of this study was to compare postoperative eyelid position using fibrin sealant versus suture for wound closure in Muller's muscle-conjunctiva resection ptosis repair.
   Methods: One hundred ninety-six patients (367 eyelids) who underwent Muller's muscle-conjunctiva resection ptosis repair were divided into two groups: wounds closed with suture and those closed with fibrin sealant. Preoperative and postoperative eyelid measurements were compared statistically using appropriate t tests. Complications, eyelid symmetry, and revision rates were analyzed using a two-tailed Fisher's exact test.
   Results: Suture was used for wound closure on 53 eyelids of 39 patients and fibrin sealant was used on 314 eyelids of 157 patients. There was no statistically significant difference (p = 0.49) when comparing the change from preoperative to postoperative margin-to-reflex distance 1 between the two groups. Postoperative symmetry within 0.5 mm was achieved in 87 percent of patients in the suture group and in 96 percent of patients in the fibrin sealant group (p = 0.06). The percentage of patients requiring additional ptosis adjustment was 2 percent in both groups (p = 1.0). Major complications were more common in the suture group (p = 0.0001).
   Conclusions: Muller's muscle-conjunctiva resection ptosis repair using fibrin sealant for wound closure offers equivalent lid position and symmetry as compared with suture wound closure. There is also a reduction in major postoperative complications when using fibrin sealant. (Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 128: 423, 2011.)
C1 Ohio Univ, Ohio Hlth Doctors Hosp, Sect Oculofacial Plast Surg, Dept Surg,Div Ophthalmol, Columbus, OH USA.
   Ohio State Univ, Sch Med, Eye Ctr Columbus, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
   Ohio State Univ, Dept Ophthalmol, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
   Cleveland Clin, Cole Eye Inst, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA.
   Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Div Oculofacial Plast Surg, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA.
RP Czyz, CN (reprint author), 262 Neil Ave,Suite 430, Columbus, OH 43215 USA.
EM dsp4000@aol.com
NR 19
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0032-1052
J9 PLAST RECONSTR SURG
JI Plast. Reconstr. Surg.
PD AUG
PY 2011
VL 128
IS 2
BP 423
EP 430
DI 10.1097/PRS.0b013e31821e6f73
PG 8
WC Surgery
SC Surgery
GA 801TV
UT WOS:000293464400037
PM 21788834
ER

PT J
AU Jung, S
   Suchalkin, S
   Westerfeld, D
   Kipshidze, G
   Golden, E
   Snyder, D
   Belenky, G
AF Jung, S.
   Suchalkin, S.
   Westerfeld, D.
   Kipshidze, G.
   Golden, E.
   Snyder, D.
   Belenky, G.
TI High dimensional addressable LED arrays based on type I GaInAsSb quantum
   wells with quinternary AlGaInAsSb barriers
SO SEMICONDUCTOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID ROOM-TEMPERATURE; SPECTRAL RANGE; MU-M; WAVELENGTHS; DIODES
AB GaSb-based type I InGaAsSb quantum well mid-infrared (mid-IR) light-emitting diodes (LEDs) operated at wavelengths up to 3.66 mu m are demonstrated. The application of quinternary AlGaInAsSb barriers improved hole confinement in the quantum wells and enabled an LED radiant excitance of 1.3 W cm(-2) (lambda = 3.66 mu m) at 100 K which corresponds to the emittance of a blackbody at 1350 K. High-contrast individually addressed 512 x 512 LED arrays were designed and fabricated using wet etching. An accurate characterization technique for mid-IR LEDs has been developed.
C1 [Jung, S.; Suchalkin, S.; Kipshidze, G.; Belenky, G.] SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
   [Suchalkin, S.; Westerfeld, D.] Power Photon Corp, Stony Brook, NY 11790 USA.
   [Golden, E.; Snyder, D.] USAF, Res Lab, Eglin AFB, FL 32542 USA.
RP Suchalkin, S (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
EM suchal@ece.sunysb.edu
FU Air Force Research Laboratory [FA8651-07-C-0152]; Army Research Office
   [W911NF-06-1-0399]; Air Force Office of Scientific Research
   [FA95500810458]
FX The authors wish to acknowledge the support of the Air Force Research
   Laboratory under contract FA8651-07-C-0152, the Army Research Office
   under grant W911NF-06-1-0399 and Air Force Office of Scientific Research
   grant FA95500810458.
NR 18
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 4
U2 22
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0268-1242
EI 1361-6641
J9 SEMICOND SCI TECH
JI Semicond. Sci. Technol.
PD AUG
PY 2011
VL 26
IS 8
AR 085022
DI 10.1088/0268-1242/26/8/085022
PG 6
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science,
   Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics
GA 807KI
UT WOS:000293895900023
ER

PT J
AU Kirk, T
   Jones, K
   Miller, S
   Corbett, J
AF Kirk, Tyler
   Jones, Keith
   Miller, Spencer
   Corbett, James
TI Measurement of Intraocular and Intracranial Pressure: Is There a
   Relationship?
SO ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID NONINVASIVE MEASUREMENT; HYPERTENSION
AB Objective: To study whether noninvasive, intraocular pressure (IOP) measurements significantly correlate with standard intracranial pressure (ICP) measurements.
   Methods: This prospective, blinded study enrolled 46 patients who were undergoing medically indicated lumbar puncture (LP). IOP was measured by applanation tonometry immediately prior to measuring LP opening pressure. One patient was excluded due to unsuccessful ICF measurement.
   Results: In the 45 patients to successfully undergo IOP and ICP measurement, there was no significant relationship between ICP and average IOP for both eyes (r = -0.005). There was no significant relationship between ICP and IOP in either eye, when studied individually(r = 0.03 ocular dexter [OD], r = -0.05 ocular sinister [OS]). There was no significant relationship between ICP and IOP when the eye best correlated to the patient's ICP was chosen (r = -0.01).
   Interpretation: No significant relationship between ICP and IOP was observed. Noninvasive IOP measurements do not predict ICF. ANN NEUROL 2011;70:323-326
C1 [Kirk, Tyler; Corbett, James] Univ Mississippi, Med Ctr, Dept Ophthalmol, Jackson, MS 39216 USA.
   [Jones, Keith; Miller, Spencer; Corbett, James] Univ Mississippi, Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Jackson, MS 39216 USA.
   [Jones, Keith] Baptist Neurol Associates, Jackson, MS USA.
   [Miller, Spencer] Nellis AFB, Las Vegas, NV USA.
RP Kirk, T (reprint author), Univ Mississippi, Med Ctr, Dept Ophthalmol, 2500 N State St, Jackson, MS 39216 USA.
EM tkirk@umc.edu
NR 17
TC 12
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 6
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0364-5134
J9 ANN NEUROL
JI Ann. Neurol.
PD AUG
PY 2011
VL 70
IS 2
BP 323
EP 326
DI 10.1002/ana.22414
PG 4
WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 806NP
UT WOS:000293815200018
PM 21710618
ER

PT J
AU Kahler, SW
   Haggerty, DK
   Richardson, IG
AF Kahler, S. W.
   Haggerty, D. K.
   Richardson, I. G.
TI MAGNETIC FIELD-LINE LENGTHS IN INTERPLANETARY CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS
   INFERRED FROM ENERGETIC ELECTRON EVENTS
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE acceleration of particles; interplanetary medium; Sun: coronal mass
   ejections (CMEs); Sun: particle emission
ID NEAR-RELATIVISTIC ELECTRONS; SOLAR-WIND; RADIO-BURSTS; FLUX ROPES; 13
   CME; CLOUDS; WAVE; ACCELERATION; DIMMINGS; FLARES
AB About one quarter of the observed interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) are characterized by enhanced magnetic fields that smoothly rotate in direction over timescales of about 10-50 hr. These ICMEs have the appearance of magnetic flux ropes and are known as "magnetic clouds" (MCs). The total lengths of MC field lines can be determined using solar energetic particles of known speeds when the solar release times and the 1 AU onset times of the particles are known. A recent examination of about 30 near-relativistic (NR) electron events in and near 8 MCs showed no obvious indication that the field-line lengths were longest near the MC boundaries and shortest at the MC axes or outside the MCs, contrary to the expectations for a flux rope. Here we use the impulsive beamed NR electron events observed with the Electron Proton and Alpha Monitor instrument on the Advanced Composition Explorer spacecraft and type III radio bursts observed on the Wind spacecraft to determine the field-line lengths inside ICMEs included in the catalog of Richardson & Cane. In particular, we extend this technique to ICMEs that are not MCs and compare the field-line lengths inside MCs and non-MC ICMEs with those in the ambient solar wind outside the ICMEs. No significant differences of field-line lengths are found among MCs, ICMEs, and the ambient solar wind. The estimated number of ICME field-line turns is generally smaller than those deduced for flux-rope model fits to MCs. We also find cases in which the electron injections occur in solar active regions (ARs) distant from the source ARs of the ICMEs, supporting CME models that require extensive coronal magnetic reconnection with surrounding fields. The field-line lengths are found to be statistically longer for the NR electron events classified as ramps and interpreted as shock injections somewhat delayed from the type III bursts. The path lengths of the remaining spike and pulse electron events are compared with model calculations of solar wind field-line lengths resulting from turbulence and found to be in good agreement.
C1 [Kahler, S. W.] USAF, Res Lab, RVBXS, Hanscom Afb, MA 01731 USA.
   [Haggerty, D. K.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA.
   [Richardson, I. G.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
   [Richardson, I. G.] CRESST, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
   [Richardson, I. G.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Kahler, SW (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, RVBXS, 29 Randolph Rd, Hanscom Afb, MA 01731 USA.
EM AFRL.RVB.PA@hanscom.af.mil
OI Richardson, Ian/0000-0002-3855-3634
NR 74
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 1
U2 7
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD AUG 1
PY 2011
VL 736
IS 2
AR 106
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/736/2/106
PG 9
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 795MD
UT WOS:000292977400031
ER

PT J
AU D'Avignon, LC
   Chung, KK
   Saffle, JR
   Renz, EM
   Cancio, LC
AF D'Avignon, Laurie C.
   Chung, Kevin K.
   Saffle, Jeffery R.
   Renz, Evan M.
   Cancio, Leopoldo C.
CA Prevention Combat-Related Infect
TI Prevention of Infections Associated With Combat-Related Burn Injuries
SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE
LA English
DT Review
DE Burns; Thermal injury; Military; Combat; Infection
ID 1-PERCENT SILVER SULFADIAZINE; OPERATION IRAQI FREEDOM; WOUND
   INFECTIONS; ANTIBIOTIC-PROPHYLAXIS; EARLY EXCISION; ACINETOBACTER
   INFECTION; MAFENIDE ACETATE; COLONIZATION; PSEUDOMONAS; MANIPULATION
AB Burns are a very real component of combat-related injuries, and infections are the leading cause of mortality in burn casualties. The prevention of infection in the burn casualty transitioning from the battlefield to definitive care provided at the burn center is critical in reducing overall morbidity and mortality. This review highlights evidence-based medicine recommendations using military and civilian data to provide the most comprehensive, up-to-date management strategies for initial care of burned combat casualties. Areas of emphasis include antimicrobial prophylaxis, debridement of devitalized tissue, topical antimicrobial therapy, and optimal time to wound coverage. This evidence-based medicine review was produced to support the Guidelines for the Prevention of Infections Associated With Combat-Related Injuries: 2011 Update contained in this supplement of Journal of Trauma.
C1 [D'Avignon, Laurie C.] USAF, Med Support Agcy, Lackland AFB, TX USA.
   [Chung, Kevin K.; Renz, Evan M.; Cancio, Leopoldo C.] USA, Inst Surg Res, Burn Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA.
   [Saffle, Jeffery R.] Univ Utah, Dept Surg, Salt Lake City, UT USA.
RP D'Avignon, LC (reprint author), AFMSA SGXI, Global Hlth Engagement Branch, 2200 Berguist Dr, Lackland AFB, TX 78235 USA.
EM laurie.davignon@us.af.mil
FU US Army Medical Command
FX Supported by the US Army Medical Command for the consensus conference
   and publication of the Journal of Trauma supplement.
NR 75
TC 15
Z9 16
U1 2
U2 10
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0022-5282
J9 J TRAUMA
JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care
PD AUG
PY 2011
VL 71
SU 2
BP S282
EP S289
DI 10.1097/TA.0b013e318227adc2
PG 8
WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery
SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery
GA 806XB
UT WOS:000293849300008
PM 21814094
ER

PT J
AU Forgione, MA
   Moores, LE
   Wortmann, GW
AF Forgione, Michael A.
   Moores, Leon E.
   Wortmann, Glenn W.
CA Prevention Combat-Related Infect
TI Prevention of Infections Associated With Combat-Related Central Nervous
   System Injuries
SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE
LA English
DT Review
DE Combat; Trauma; Central nervous system; Infection; Prevention
ID PENETRATING CRANIOCEREBRAL INJURIES; INTRAOPERATIVE BLOOD-LOSS; MISSILE
   HEAD WOUNDS; OPERATION DESERT-STORM; IRAN-IRAQ WAR; GUNSHOT WOUNDS;
   BRAIN-ABSCESS; INTRACRANIAL INFECTION; SURGICAL-TREATMENT; LEBANESE
   CONFLICT
AB Combat-related injuries to the central nervous system (CNS) are of critical importance because of potential catastrophic outcomes. Although the overall infection rate of combat-related CNS injuries is between 5% and 10%, the development of an infectious complication is associated with a very high morbidity and mortality. This review focuses on the prevention of infections related to injuries to the brain or the spinal cord and provides evidence-based medicine recommendations from military and civilian data for the prevention of infection from combat-related CNS injuries. Prevention strategies emphasize the importance of expert evaluation and management by a neurosurgeon as expeditiously as possible. Areas of focus include elimination of cerebrospinal fluid leaks, wound coverage, postinjury antimicrobial therapy, irrigation, and debridement. Given that these recommendations are not supported by randomized control trials or adequate cohort studies in a military population, further efforts are needed to determine the best treatment strategies. This evidence-based medicine review was produced to support the Guidelines for the Prevention of Infections Associated With Combat-Related Injuries: 2011 Update contained in this supplement of Journal of Trauma.
C1 [Forgione, Michael A.] Keesler Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Keesler AFB, MS 39534 USA.
   [Moores, Leon E.] Kimbrough Ambulatory Care Ctr, Ft George G Meade, MD USA.
   [Wortmann, Glenn W.] Walter Reed Natl Mil Med Ctr Bethesda, Bethesda, MD USA.
RP Forgione, MA (reprint author), Keesler Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, 301 Fisher St,Room 1A132, Keesler AFB, MS 39534 USA.
EM michael.forgione@us.af.mil
FU US Army Medical Command
FX Financial support for the consensus conference and publication of the
   Journal of Trauma supplement was provided by the US Army Medical
   Command.
NR 65
TC 2
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 3
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0022-5282
J9 J TRAUMA
JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care
PD AUG
PY 2011
VL 71
SU 2
BP S258
EP S263
DI 10.1097/TA.0b013e318227ad86
PG 6
WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery
SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery
GA 806XB
UT WOS:000293849300005
PM 21814091
ER

PT J
AU Hospenthal, DR
   Murray, CK
   Andersen, RC
   Bell, RB
   Calhoun, JH
   Cancio, LC
   Cho, JM
   Chung, KK
   Clasper, JC
   Colyer, MH
   Conger, NG
   Costanzo, GP
   Crouch, HK
   Curry, TK
   D'Avignon, LC
   Dorlac, WC
   Dunne, JR
   Eastridge, BJ
   Ficke, JR
   Fleming, ME
   Forgione, MA
   Green, AD
   Hale, RG
   Hayes, DK
   Holcomb, JB
   Hsu, JR
   Kester, KE
   Martin, GJ
   Moores, LE
   Obremskey, WT
   Petersen, K
   Renz, EM
   Saffle, JR
   Solomkin, JS
   Sutter, DE
   Tribble, DR
   Wenke, JC
   Whitman, TJ
   Wiesen, AR
   Wortmann, GW
AF Hospenthal, Duane R.
   Murray, Clinton K.
   Andersen, Romney C.
   Bell, R. Bryan
   Calhoun, Jason H.
   Cancio, Leopoldo C.
   Cho, John M.
   Chung, Kevin K.
   Clasper, Jon C.
   Colyer, Marcus H.
   Conger, Nicholas G.
   Costanzo, George P.
   Crouch, Helen K.
   Curry, Thomas K.
   D'Avignon, Laurie C.
   Dorlac, Warren C.
   Dunne, James R.
   Eastridge, Brian J.
   Ficke, James R.
   Fleming, Mark E.
   Forgione, Michael A.
   Green, Andrew D.
   Hale, Robert G.
   Hayes, David K.
   Holcomb, John B.
   Hsu, Joseph R.
   Kester, Kent E.
   Martin, Gregory J.
   Moores, Leon E.
   Obremskey, William T.
   Petersen, Kyle
   Renz, Evan M.
   Saffle, Jeffrey R.
   Solomkin, Joseph S.
   Sutter, Deena E.
   Tribble, David R.
   Wenke, Joseph C.
   Whitman, Timothy J.
   Wiesen, Andrew R.
   Wortmann, Glenn W.
TI Executive Summary: Guidelines for the Prevention of Infections
   Associated With Combat-Related Injuries: 2011 Update Endorsed by the
   Infectious Diseases Society of America and the Surgical Infection
   Society
SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE
LA English
DT Review
DE Guidelines; Infection; Combat; Trauma; Prevention
AB Despite advances in resuscitation and surgical management of combat wounds, infection remains a concerning and potentially preventable complication of combat-related injuries. Interventions currently used to prevent these infections have not been either clearly defined or subjected to rigorous clinical trials. Current infection prevention measures and wound management practices are derived from retrospective review of wartime experiences, from civilian trauma data, and from in vitro and animal data. This update to the guidelines published in 2008 incorporates evidence that has become available since 2007. These guidelines focus on care provided within hours to days of injury, chiefly within the combat zone, to those combat-injured patients with open wounds or burns. New in this update are a consolidation of antimicrobial agent recommendations to a backbone of high-dose cefazolin with or without metronidazole for most postinjury indications and recommendations for redosing of antimicrobial agents, for use of negative pressure wound therapy, and for oxygen supplementation in flight.
C1 [Hospenthal, Duane R.] San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv MCHE MDI, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA.
   [Cancio, Leopoldo C.; Chung, Kevin K.; Costanzo, George P.; Eastridge, Brian J.; Hale, Robert G.; Hsu, Joseph R.; Renz, Evan M.; Wenke, Joseph C.] USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA.
   [Andersen, Romney C.; Colyer, Marcus H.; Dunne, James R.; Fleming, Mark E.; Martin, Gregory J.; Whitman, Timothy J.; Wortmann, Glenn W.] Walter Reed Natl Mil Med Ctr Bethesda, Bethesda, MD USA.
   [Tribble, David R.] Infect Dis Clin Res Program, Bethesda, MD USA.
   [Bell, R. Bryan] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Portland, OR 97201 USA.
   [Calhoun, Jason H.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
   [Cho, John M.] Landstuhl Reg Med Ctr, Landstuhl, Germany.
   [Clasper, Jon C.; Green, Andrew D.] Royal Ctr Def Med, Inst Res & Dev, Birmingham, W Midlands, England.
   [Conger, Nicholas G.; Forgione, Michael A.] Keesler Med Ctr, Keesler AFB, MS USA.
   [Curry, Thomas K.] Madigan Army Med Ctr, Ft Lewis, WA USA.
   [Wiesen, Andrew R.] Western Reg Med Command, Ft Lewis, WA USA.
   [D'Avignon, Laurie C.] USAF, Med Support Agcy, Lackland AFB, TX USA.
   [Dorlac, Warren C.; Solomkin, Joseph S.] Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH USA.
   [Holcomb, John B.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr, Houston, TX USA.
   [Kester, Kent E.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA.
   [Moores, Leon E.] Kimbrough Ambulatory Care Ctr, Ft George G Meade, MD USA.
   [Obremskey, William T.] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Nashville, TN 37212 USA.
   [Petersen, Kyle] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA.
   [Saffle, Jeffrey R.] Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT USA.
RP Hospenthal, DR (reprint author), San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv MCHE MDI, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA.
EM duane.hospenthal@us.army.mil
FU US Army Medical Command
FX Financial support for the consensus conference and publication of the
   Journal of Trauma supplement was provided by the US Army Medical
   Command.
NR 6
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 5
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0022-5282
J9 J TRAUMA
JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care
PD AUG
PY 2011
VL 71
SU 2
BP S202
EP S209
DI 10.1097/TA.0b013e318227ac37
PG 8
WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery
SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery
GA 806XB
UT WOS:000293849300002
PM 21814088
ER

PT J
AU Hospenthal, DR
   Murray, CK
   Andersen, RC
   Bell, RB
   Calhoun, JH
   Cancio, LC
   Cho, JM
   Chung, KK
   Clasper, JC
   Colyer, MH
   Conger, NG
   Costanzo, GP
   Crouch, HK
   Curry, TK
   D'Avignon, LC
   Dorlac, WC
   Dunne, JR
   Eastridge, BJ
   Ficke, JR
   Fleming, ME
   Forgione, MA
   Green, AD
   Hale, RG
   Hayes, DK
   Holcomb, JB
   Hsu, JR
   Kester, KE
   Martin, GJ
   Moores, LE
   Obremskey, WT
   Petersen, K
   Renz, EM
   Saffle, JR
   Solomkin, JS
   Sutter, DE
   Tribble, DR
   Wenke, JC
   Whitman, TJ
   Wiesen, AR
   Wortmann, GW
AF Hospenthal, Duane R.
   Murray, Clinton K.
   Andersen, Romney C.
   Bell, R. Bryan
   Calhoun, Jason H.
   Cancio, Leopoldo C.
   Cho, John M.
   Chung, Kevin K.
   Clasper, Jon C.
   Colyer, Marcus H.
   Conger, Nicholas G.
   Costanzo, George P.
   Crouch, Helen K.
   Curry, Thomas K.
   D'Avignon, Laurie C.
   Dorlac, Warren C.
   Dunne, James R.
   Eastridge, Brian J.
   Ficke, James R.
   Fleming, Mark E.
   Forgione, Michael A.
   Green, Andrew D.
   Hale, Robert G.
   Hayes, David K.
   Holcomb, John B.
   Hsu, Joseph R.
   Kester, Kent E.
   Martin, Gregory J.
   Moores, Leon E.
   Obremskey, William T.
   Petersen, Kyle
   Renz, Evan M.
   Saffle, Jeffrey R.
   Solomkin, Joseph S.
   Sutter, Deena E.
   Tribble, David R.
   Wenke, Joseph C.
   Whitman, Timothy J.
   Wiesen, Andrew R.
   Wortmann, Glenn W.
TI Guidelines for the Prevention of Infections Associated With
   Combat-Related Injuries: 2011 Update Endorsed by the Infectious Diseases
   Society of America and the Surgical Infection Society
SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE
LA English
DT Review
DE Guidelines; Infection; Combat; Trauma; Prevention
ID OPERATION-IRAQI-FREEDOM; HYPERBARIC-OXYGEN THERAPY; SMALL-FRAGMENT
   WOUNDS; PENETRATING CRANIOCEREBRAL INJURIES; RANDOMIZED CLINICAL-TRIAL;
   INTRAOPERATIVE BLOOD-LOSS; VACUUM-ASSISTED CLOSURE; SEVERE OPEN
   FRACTURES; OPEN TIBIA FRACTURES; COMPLICATED INTRAABDOMINAL INFECTIONS
AB Despite advances in resuscitation and surgical management of combat wounds, infection remains a concerning and potentially preventable complication of combat-related injuries. Interventions currently used to prevent these infections have not been either clearly defined or subjected to rigorous clinical trials. Current infection prevention measures and wound management practices are derived from retrospective review of wartime experiences, from civilian trauma data, and from in vitro and animal data. This update to the guidelines published in 2008 incorporates evidence that has become available since 2007. These guidelines focus on care provided within hours to days of injury, chiefly within the combat zone, to those combat-injured patients with open wounds or burns. New in this update are a consolidation of antimicrobial agent recommendations to a backbone of high-dose cefazolin with or without metronidazole for most postinjury indications, and recommendations for redosing of antimicrobial agents, for use of negative pressure wound therapy, and for oxygen supplementation in flight.
C1 [Hospenthal, Duane R.] San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv MCHE MDI, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA.
   [Cancio, Leopoldo C.; Chung, Kevin K.; Costanzo, George P.; Eastridge, Brian J.; Hale, Robert G.; Hsu, Joseph R.; Renz, Evan M.; Wenke, Joseph C.] USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA.
   [Andersen, Romney C.; Colyer, Marcus H.; Dunne, James R.; Fleming, Mark E.; Martin, Gregory J.; Whitman, Timothy J.; Wortmann, Glenn W.] Walter Reed Natl Mil Med Ctr Bethesda, Bethesda, MD USA.
   [Tribble, David R.] Infect Dis Clin Res Program, Bethesda, MD USA.
   [Bell, R. Bryan] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Portland, OR 97201 USA.
   [Calhoun, Jason H.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
   [Cho, John M.] Landstuhl Reg Med Ctr, Landstuhl, Germany.
   [Clasper, Jon C.; Green, Andrew D.] Royal Ctr Def Med, Inst Res & Dev, Birmingham, W Midlands, England.
   [Conger, Nicholas G.; Forgione, Michael A.] Keesler Med Ctr, Keesler AFB, MS USA.
   [Curry, Thomas K.] Madigan Army Med Ctr, Ft Lewis, WA USA.
   [Wiesen, Andrew R.] Western Reg Med Command, Ft Lewis, WA USA.
   [D'Avignon, Laurie C.] USAF, Med Support Agcy, Lackland AFB, TX USA.
   [Dorlac, Warren C.; Solomkin, Joseph S.] Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH USA.
   [Holcomb, John B.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr, Houston, TX USA.
   [Kester, Kent E.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA.
   [Moores, Leon E.] Kimbrough Ambulatory Care Ctr, Ft George G Meade, MD USA.
   [Obremskey, William T.] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Nashville, TN 37212 USA.
   [Petersen, Kyle] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA.
   [Saffle, Jeffrey R.] Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT USA.
RP Hospenthal, DR (reprint author), San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv MCHE MDI, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA.
EM duane.hospenthal@us.army.mil
FU US Army Medical Command
FX Financial support for the consensus conference and publication of the
   Journal of Trauma supplement was provided by the US Army Medical
   Command.
NR 291
TC 32
Z9 35
U1 1
U2 20
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0022-5282
J9 J TRAUMA
JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care
PD AUG
PY 2011
VL 71
SU 2
BP S210
EP S234
DI 10.1097/TA.0b013e318227ac4b
PG 25
WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery
SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery
GA 806XB
UT WOS:000293849300003
PM 21814089
ER

PT J
AU Mieszawska, AJ
   Llamas, JG
   Vaiana, CA
   Kadakia, MP
   Naik, RR
   Kaplan, DL
AF Mieszawska, Aneta J.
   Llamas, Jabier Gallego
   Vaiana, Christopher A.
   Kadakia, Madhavi P.
   Naik, Rajesh R.
   Kaplan, David L.
TI Clay enriched silk biomaterials for bone formation
SO ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Silk; Clay; Montmorillonite; Stem cells; Osteogenesis
ID LAYERED SILICATE NANOCOMPOSITES; DRUG-RELEASE; MODIFIED MONTMORILLONITE;
   MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; AMINO-ACIDS; NANOCLAYS; GENOTOXICITY;
   OSTEOBLASTS; HYDROGELS; DELIVERY
AB The formation of silk protein/clay composite biomaterials for bone tissue formation is described. Silk fibroin serves as an organic scaffolding material offering mechanical stability suitable for bone-specific uses. Clay montmorillonite (Cloisite (R) Na+) and sodium silicate are sources of osteoinductive silica-rich inorganic species, analogous to bioactive bioglass-like bone repair biomaterial systems. Different clay particle-silk composite biomaterial films were compared with silk films doped with sodium silicate as controls for the support of human bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells in osteogenic culture. The cells adhered to and proliferated on the silk/clay composites over 2 weeks. Quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed increased transcript levels for alkaline phosphatase, bone sialoprotein, and collagen type 1 osteogenic markers in the cells cultured on the silk/clay films in comparison with the controls. Early evidence of bone formation based on collagen deposition at the cell-biomaterial interface was also found, with more collagen observed for the silk films with higher contents of clay particles. The data suggest that silk/clay composite systems may be useful for further study for bone regenerative needs. (C) 2011 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Mieszawska, Aneta J.; Llamas, Jabier Gallego; Kaplan, David L.] Tufts Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Medford, MA 02155 USA.
   [Vaiana, Christopher A.; Naik, Rajesh R.] USAF, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Vaiana, Christopher A.; Kadakia, Madhavi P.; Naik, Rajesh R.] Wright State Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Dayton, OH 45435 USA.
RP Kaplan, DL (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Medford, MA 02155 USA.
EM david.kaplan@tufts.edu
FU National Science Foundation [ECS-0335765]; NIH [DE017207, EB003210,
   EB002520]
FX This work was performed in part at the Center for Nanoscale Systems, a
   member of the National Nanotechnology Infrastructure Network at Harvard
   University, which is supported by the National Science Foundation under
   NSF Award No. ECS-0335765. The authors thank the NIH (DE017207,
   EB003210, EB002520) for support of the research. The authors also thank
   to Professor Carole C. Perry at Nottingham Trent University for
   performing ICP analysis.
NR 48
TC 26
Z9 26
U1 3
U2 58
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1742-7061
J9 ACTA BIOMATER
JI Acta Biomater.
PD AUG
PY 2011
VL 7
IS 8
BP 3036
EP 3041
DI 10.1016/j.actbio.2011.04.016
PG 6
WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA 799BW
UT WOS:000293259500003
PM 21549864
ER

PT J
AU Carrell, SE
   Maghakian, T
   West, JE
AF Carrell, Scott E.
   Maghakian, Teny
   West, James E.
TI A's from Zzzz's? The Causal Effect of School Start Time on the Academic
   Achievement of Adolescents
SO AMERICAN ECONOMIC JOURNAL-ECONOMIC POLICY
LA English
DT Article
ID DELAYED PHASE; SLEEP LOSS; PERFORMANCE; STUDENTS; IMPACT
AB Recent sleep research finds that many adolescents are sleep-deprived because of both early school start times and changing sleep patterns during the teen years. This study identifies the causal effect of school start time on academic achievement by using two policy changes in the daily schedule at the US Air Force Academy along with the randomized placement of freshman students to courses and instructors. Results show that starting the school day 50 minutes later has a significant positive effect on student achievement, which is roughly equivalent to raising teacher quality by one standard deviation. (JEL I23, J13)
C1 [Carrell, Scott E.; Maghakian, Teny] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Econ, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
   [Carrell, Scott E.] NBER, Dept Econ, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
   [West, James E.] USAF Acad, Dept Econ & Geosci, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
RP Carrell, SE (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Econ, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
EM secarrell@ucdavis.edu; tenymaghakian@gmail.com; jim.west@usafa.edu
OI West, James/0000-0002-1454-2113
NR 25
TC 26
Z9 26
U1 4
U2 26
PU AMER ECONOMIC ASSOC
PI NASHVILLE
PA 2014 BROADWAY, STE 305, NASHVILLE, TN 37203 USA
SN 1945-7731
J9 AM ECON J-ECON POLIC
JI Am. Econ. J.-Econ. Policy
PD AUG
PY 2011
VL 3
IS 3
BP 62
EP 81
DI 10.1257/pol.3.3.62
PG 20
WC Economics
SC Business & Economics
GA 797YO
UT WOS:000293166400003
ER

PT J
AU Pilloud, MA
   Larsen, CS
AF Pilloud, Mann A.
   Larsen, Clark Spencer
TI "Official" and "Practical" Kin: Inferring Social and Community Structure
   From Dental Phenotype at Neolithic Catalhoyuk, Turkey
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE biological distance; dental morphology; dental metrics; intracemetery
   variation
ID FAMILIAL SEGREGATION; TOOTH SIZE; TRAITS; POPULATIONS; TEETH;
   MORPHOLOGY; APALACHEE; AMERICAN; ALFEDENA; ABRUZZO
AB The Neolithic site of catalhoyuk, Turkey (7400-5600 cal BC) is widely acknowledged for its role in the study of early farming communities. To better understand the social and community structure of this setting, an intracemetery biological distance analysis was conducted. Metric and nonmetric observations were recorded in both deciduous and permanent dentitions (n = 266) to explore phenotypic patterning of individuals interred within individual buildings. Specifically, this study tests the hypothesis that individuals within houses and house groupings represent family units and the social structure of catalhoyuk was largely biological-kin based. Multivariate and univariate statistical procedures were applied to phenotypic dental data. Results indicate that inclusion for interment within a house was only minimally related to biological affinity. Moreover, the site does not appear to be organized into larger, biologically related neighborhoods of houses. These findings suggest that catalhoynk may not have been a kin-based society, largely because membership within a house cemetery was not solely defined on the basis of biological affinity, such as in a family group. Rather, it appears that social structure was centered on the house as the unifying social principle. The choice for interment location may have transcended biological lines thereby creating an alternate and more fluid definition of "kin." These findings can be used to understand the transition to settled life and biological patterning in this Neolithic community. Am J Phys Anthropol 145:519-530, 2011. (C) 2011 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
C1 [Pilloud, Mann A.] Joint POW MIA Accounting Command, Cent Identificat Lab, Hickam AFB, HI 96853 USA.
   [Larsen, Clark Spencer] Ohio State Univ, Dept Anthropol, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
RP Pilloud, MA (reprint author), Joint POW MIA Accounting Command, Cent Identificat Lab, 310 Worchester Ave,Bldg 45, Hickam AFB, HI 96853 USA.
EM marin.pilloud@jpac.pacom.mil
FU Ohio State University American Research Institute in Turkey (Pilloud)
   National Geographic Society
FX Grant sponsor: The Ohio State University American Research Institute in
   Turkey (Pilloud) National Geographic Society (Larsen).
NR 65
TC 32
Z9 32
U1 0
U2 10
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0002-9483
J9 AM J PHYS ANTHROPOL
JI Am. J. Phys. Anthropol.
PD AUG
PY 2011
VL 145
IS 4
BP 519
EP 530
DI 10.1002/ajpa.21520
PG 12
WC Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology
GA 797TJ
UT WOS:000293152700002
PM 21590748
ER

PT J
AU Mancuso, JD
   Tribble, D
   Mazurek, GH
   Li, YZ
   Olsen, C
   Aronson, NE
   Geiter, L
   Goodwin, D
   Keep, LW
AF Mancuso, James D.
   Tribble, David
   Mazurek, Gerald H.
   Li, Yuanzhang
   Olsen, Cara
   Aronson, Naomi E.
   Geiter, Lawrence
   Goodwin, Donald
   Keep, Lisa W.
TI Impact of Targeted Testing for Latent Tuberculosis Infection Using
   Commercially Available Diagnostics
SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
ID RISK ASSESSMENT QUESTIONNAIRE; GAMMA RELEASE ASSAYS; NEW-YORK-CITY;
   SKIN-TEST; MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; UNITED-STATES; PREVALENCE;
   CONTACT; CHILDREN; MODEL
AB Background. The interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs) are increasingly being used as an alternative to the tuberculin skin test (TST). Although IGRAs may have better specificity and certain logistic advantages to the TST, their use may contribute to overtesting of low-prevalence populations if testing is not targeted. The objective of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of a risk factor questionnaire in predicting a positive test result for latent tuberculosis infection using the 3 commercially available diagnostics.
   Methods. A cross-sectional comparison study was performed among recruits undergoing Army basic training at Fort Jackson, South Carolina, from April through June 2009. The tests performed included: (1) a risk factor questionnaire; (2) the QuantiFERON Gold In-Tube test (Cellestis Limited, Carnegie, Victoria, Australia); (3) the T-SPOT. TB test (Oxford Immunotec Limited, Abingdon, United Kingdom); and (4) the TST (Sanofi Pasteur Ltd., Toronto, Ontario, Canada). Prediction models used logistic regression to identify factors associated with positive test results. RFQ prediction models were developed independently for each test.
   Results. Use of a 4-variable model resulted in 79% sensitivity, 92% specificity, and a c statistic of 0.871 in predicting a positive TST result. Targeted testing using these risk factors would reduce testing by >90%. Models predicting IGRA outcomes had similar specificities as the skin test but had lower sensitivities and c statistics.
   Conclusions. As with the TST, testing with IGRAs will result in false-positive results if the IGRAs are used in low-prevalence populations. Regardless of the test used, targeted testing is critical in reducing unnecessary testing and treatment.
C1 [Mancuso, James D.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Prevent Med Residency Program, Div Prevent Med, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
   [Mancuso, James D.; Tribble, David; Olsen, Cara; Keep, Lisa W.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
   [Aronson, Naomi E.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
   [Geiter, Lawrence] Otsuka Pharmaceut Co Ltd, TB Prod Unit, Rockville, MD USA.
   [Mazurek, Gerald H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA USA.
   [Goodwin, Donald] USAF, Sch Aerosp Med, Brooks City Base, TX USA.
RP Mancuso, JD (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Prevent Med Residency Program, Div Prevent Med, 503 Robert Grant Rd, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM james.mancuso@us.army.mil
OI Li, Yuanzhang/0000-0001-8872-4430
FU Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences; US Army Public
   Health Command [IDCRP-021]; Infectious Diseases Clinical Research
   Program (IDCRP) [IDCRP-021]; medical and installation leadership at Fort
   Jackson; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National
   Institutes of Health, under Inter-Agency [Y1-AI-5072]
FX This study would not have been possible without financial and other
   support of the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, the
   US Army Public Health Command, the Infectious Diseases Clinical Research
   Program, the medical and installation leadership at Fort Jackson, and
   the Soldiers who participated in the study.; This study (IDCRP-021) was
   supported by both the US Army Public Health Command and the Infectious
   Disease Clinical Research Program (IDCRP). The IDCRP is a Department of
   Defense program executed through the Uniformed Services University of
   the Health Sciences. This project has been funded, in whole or in part,
   with federal funds from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious
   Diseases, National Institutes of Health, under Inter-Agency Agreement
   Y1-AI-5072.
NR 29
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 2
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1058-4838
J9 CLIN INFECT DIS
JI Clin. Infect. Dis.
PD AUG 1
PY 2011
VL 53
IS 3
BP 234
EP 244
DI 10.1093/cid/cir321
PG 11
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
GA 796BK
UT WOS:000293025000004
PM 21765072
ER

PT J
AU Okolica, J
   Peterson, GL
AF Okolica, James
   Peterson, Gilbert L.
TI Extracting the windows clipboard from physical memory
SO DIGITAL INVESTIGATION
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 11th Annual DFRWS Conference
CY AUG 01-03, 2011
CL New Orleans, LA
DE Windows clipboard; Memory forensics; Reverse code engineering; Windows
   operating system; Digital forensics
AB When attempting to reconstruct the events leading up to a cyber security incident, one potentially important piece of information is the clipboard (Prosise et al., 2003). The clipboard has been present in Windows since Windows 3.1 and is the mechanism for transferring information from one application to another through copy and pasting actions. Being able to retrieve the last file copied or the last password used may provide investigators with invaluable information during a forensic investigation. This paper describes the Windows clipboard structure and the process of retrieving copy/paste information from Windows XP, Vista, and Windows 7 (both 32 bit and 64 bit) memory captures with data from applications including Notepad, Microsoft Word, and Microsoft Excel. (C) 2011 Okolica & Peterson. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Okolica, James; Peterson, Gilbert L.] USAF, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Okolica, J (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM jokolica@afit.edu; gilbert.peterson@afit.edu
NR 18
TC 2
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1742-2876
J9 DIGIT INVEST
JI Digit. Investig.
PD AUG
PY 2011
VL 8
SU 1
BP S118
EP S124
DI 10.1016/j.diin.2011.05.014
PG 7
WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science,
   Interdisciplinary Applications
SC Computer Science
GA 799GL
UT WOS:000293273800014
ER

PT J
AU Meador, DP
   Hill, RR
AF Meador, Douglas P.
   Hill, Raymond R.
TI Modeling Training Effects Using a Human Performance Taxonomy
SO HUMAN FACTORS
LA English
DT Article
DE human performance modeling; learning curve; performance prediction;
   human performance channels; modeling and simulation; skill acquisition;
   skill retention; skill reacquisition; training strategy; retention
   interval
ID RETENTION
AB Objective: The aim of this study was to characterize skill acquisition during training and skill retention as a function of training strategy, retention period, and task type in the form of a numerical model and then apply that model to make predictions of performance on an unknown task.
   Background: Complex systems require efficient and effective training programs for the humans who operate them in discontinuous fashion. Although there are several constructs for learning theory, models that enable analysts to predict training outcomes are needed during the design of training programs.
   Method: This study involved 60 participants who were trained on five tasks relevant to RQ-I Predator unmanned aircraft system sensor operators by one of three strategies that represented a continuum of instructor interactivity. After training, performance data for all five tasks were collected. Participants completed the same tasks 30 or 60 days later to determine skill retention and the rate at which task proficiency was reacquired.
   Results: Models built from tasks that isolate human performance channels adequately predicted performance on a task that combined those channels.
   Conclusion: Models that predict performance on tasks that isolate human performance channels can be used to make predictions on tasks that draw on multiple channels. This model provided a distribution of performance data that was statistically similar to actual performance data.
   Application: System designers trained with human performance data on a set of tasks can apply those tasks' characteristics to future tasks to make reasonably accurate performance predictions, thereby allowing the designers to make early decisions regarding training strategy to teach those tasks.
C1 [Meador, Douglas P.] Wright State Univ, Dayton, OH 45435 USA.
   [Hill, Raymond R.] USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Operat Sci, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Meador, DP (reprint author), 7251 Showpl Dr, Dayton, OH 45424 USA.
EM dmeador2@woh.rr.com
NR 11
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 4
U2 10
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
PI THOUSAND OAKS
PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA
SN 0018-7208
J9 HUM FACTORS
JI Hum. Factors
PD AUG
PY 2011
VL 53
IS 4
BP 391
EP 402
DI 10.1177/0018720811413766
PG 12
WC Behavioral Sciences; Engineering, Industrial; Ergonomics; Psychology,
   Applied; Psychology
SC Behavioral Sciences; Engineering; Psychology
GA 795QB
UT WOS:000292987600006
PM 21901936
ER

PT J
AU McKinley, RA
   McIntire, LK
   Schmidt, R
   Repperger, DW
   Caldwell, JA
AF McKinley, R. Andy
   McIntire, Lindsey K.
   Schmidt, Regina
   Repperger, Daniel W.
   Caldwell, John A.
TI Evaluation of Eye Metrics as a Detector of Fatigue
SO HUMAN FACTORS
LA English
DT Article
DE fatigue; alertness; eye tracker; monitoring device; sleep deprivation
AB Objectives: This study evaluated oculometrics as a detector of fatigue in Air Force-relevant tasks after sleep deprivation. Using the metrics of total eye closure duration (PERCLOS) and approximate entropy (ApEn), the relation between these eye metrics and fatigue-induced performance decrements was investigated.
   Background: One damaging effect to the successful outcome of operational military missions is that attributed to sleep deprivation-induced fatigue. Consequently, there is interest in the development of reliable monitoring devices that can assess when an operator is overly fatigued.
   Method: Ten civilian participants volunteered to serve in this study. Each was trained on three performance tasks: target identification, unmanned aerial vehicle landing, and the psychomotor vigilance task (PVT). Experimental testing began after 14 hr awake and continued every 2 hr until 28 hr of sleep deprivation was reached.
   Results: Performance on the PVT and target identification tasks declined significantly as the level of sleep deprivation increased. These performance declines were paralleled more closely by changes in the ApEn compared to the PERCLOS measure.
   Conclusion: The results provide evidence that the ApEn eye metric can be used to detect fatigue in relevant military aviation tasks.
   Application: Military and commercial operators could benefit from an alertness monitoring device.
C1 [McKinley, R. Andy; Schmidt, Regina; Repperger, Daniel W.] USAF, Res Lab, Dayton, OH USA.
   [McIntire, Lindsey K.] Infoscitex Inc, Waltham, MA 02451 USA.
   [Caldwell, John A.] Archinoetics, Fatigue Management Res & Applicat Grp, Honolulu, HI USA.
RP McKinley, RA (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Vulnerabil Anal Branch, 2215 1st St,Bldg 33, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM Andy.McKinley@wpafb.af.mil
NR 26
TC 10
Z9 11
U1 3
U2 18
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
PI THOUSAND OAKS
PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA
SN 0018-7208
J9 HUM FACTORS
JI Hum. Factors
PD AUG
PY 2011
VL 53
IS 4
BP 403
EP 414
DI 10.1177/0018720811411297
PG 12
WC Behavioral Sciences; Engineering, Industrial; Ergonomics; Psychology,
   Applied; Psychology
SC Behavioral Sciences; Engineering; Psychology
GA 795QB
UT WOS:000292987600007
PM 21901937
ER

PT J
AU Peterson, D
AF Peterson, Don
TI RED PLANET MARS LIFE
SO SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN
LA English
DT Letter
C1 [Peterson, Don] USAF, El Lago, TX USA.
   [Peterson, Don] NASA, El Lago, TX USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 0036-8733
J9 SCI AM
JI Sci.Am.
PD AUG
PY 2011
VL 305
IS 2
BP 10
EP 10
PG 1
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 794SA
UT WOS:000292920400002
ER

PT J
AU Rice, M
   Butts, J
   Shenoi, S
AF Rice, Mason
   Butts, Jonathan
   Shenoi, Sujeet
TI A signaling framework to deter aggression in cyberspace
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE PROTECTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Cyber operations; Signaling strategies; Deterrence
AB During the Cold War, the United States and the Soviet Union constantly maneuvered to achieve superiority. When one nation was perceived to overstep its bounds, the other would signal its discontent by moving aircraft carrier groups, conducting military exercises, pursuing diplomatic actions or enforcing embargoes. These clear, but nuanced, signals may well have averted nuclear exchanges.
   The speed of the Internet coupled with its global connectivity and inextricable links to critical infrastructure assets render signaling just as important in cyberspace, especially as nation states and other actors are investing in cyber operations capabilities. This paper presents a flexible and intuitive framework for adversary-defender interactions involving ensembles of adversary stimuli and defender signals. Scenarios involving cyber operations on the electric power grid are used to clarify the signaling goals and corresponding "plays" executed by a defender in response to adversary actions. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Rice, Mason; Shenoi, Sujeet] Univ Tulsa, Dept Comp Sci, Tulsa, OK 74104 USA.
   [Butts, Jonathan] USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Shenoi, S (reprint author), Univ Tulsa, Dept Comp Sci, Tulsa, OK 74104 USA.
EM sujeet@utulsa.edu
NR 22
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1874-5482
J9 INT J CRIT INFR PROT
JI Int. J. Crit. Infrastruct. Prot.
PD AUG
PY 2011
VL 4
IS 2
BP 57
EP 65
DI 10.1016/j.ijcip.2011.03.003
PG 9
WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Multidisciplinary
SC Computer Science; Engineering
GA V27MG
UT WOS:000208616700002
ER

PT J
AU McCallie, D
   Butts, J
   Mills, R
AF McCallie, Donald
   Butts, Jonathan
   Mills, Robert
TI Security analysis of the ADS-B implementation in the next generation air
   transportation system
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE PROTECTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Air transportation system; ADS-B; Security analysis; Attack taxonomy
AB The US Federal Aviation Administration's Next Generation (NextGen) upgrade proposes a fundamental transformation that is intended to increase the capacity and safety of the air transportation system. A key component of the upgrade is the Automatic Dependent Surveillance Broadcast (ADS-B) system. ADS-B provides continual broadcast of aircraft position, identity, velocity and other information over unencrypted data links to generate a precise air picture for air traffic management. The Federal Aviation Administration claims that operational requirements necessitate the use of unencrypted data links and maintains that there is a low likelihood of malicious exploitation.
   This paper analyzes the security vulnerabilities associated with the ADS-B implementation. It describes a taxonomy of attacks and examines the potential impact that the attacks may have on air transportation operations. The taxonomy helps provide a comprehensive understanding of the threats associated with the ADS-B implementation, thereby supporting risk analysis and risk management efforts. The paper also provides recommendations that could enhance security if integrated into the ADS-B implementation plan. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [McCallie, Donald; Butts, Jonathan; Mills, Robert] USAF, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Butts, J (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM donald.mccallie@afit.edu; jonathan.butts@afit.edu; robert.mills@afit.edu
NR 21
TC 27
Z9 30
U1 3
U2 21
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1874-5482
J9 INT J CRIT INFR PROT
JI Int. J. Crit. Infrastruct. Prot.
PD AUG
PY 2011
VL 4
IS 2
BP 78
EP 87
DI 10.1016/j.ijcip.2011.06.001
PG 10
WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Multidisciplinary
SC Computer Science; Engineering
GA V27MG
UT WOS:000208616700005
ER

PT J
AU Mandeville, WJ
   Shaffer, MK
   Lu, YL
   O'Keefe, D
   Knize, RJ
AF Mandeville, W. J.
   Shaffer, M. K.
   Lu, Yalin
   O'Keefe, D.
   Knize, R. J.
TI Microstructured silicon created with a nanosecond neodymium-doped
   yttrium aluminum garnet laser
SO APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING
LA English
DT Article
ID EXCIMER-LASER; FEMTOSECOND; IRRADIATION
AB We produce microstructured silicon using frequency doubled, nanosecond Nd:YAG pulses in SF(6) gas. The micro-penitentes formed are up to 20 mu m tall with a sulfur concentration of 0.5% near the surface. The infrared absorption is increased to near unity and extends well below the original bandgap far into the infrared. These data are similar to results reported by others using more complicated and less economical femtosecond titanium sapphire and picosecond and nanosecond excimer lasers.
C1 [Mandeville, W. J.] Mitre Corp, Colorado Springs, CO 80910 USA.
   [Shaffer, M. K.; Lu, Yalin; O'Keefe, D.; Knize, R. J.] USAF Acad, USAFA, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
RP Mandeville, WJ (reprint author), Mitre Corp, 1155 Acad Pk Loop, Colorado Springs, CO 80910 USA.
EM jody@mitre.org; michael.shaffer.ctr@usafa.edu
FU Joint Technology Office of High Energy Lasers; Air Force Office of
   Scientific Research; National Science Foundation
FX We acknowledge the support from the Joint Technology Office of High
   Energy Lasers, the Air Force Office of Scientific Research and the
   National Science Foundation. We would also like to thank Howard Branz
   and Hao-Chih Yuan from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory for
   their assistance.
NR 12
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 5
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0947-8396
J9 APPL PHYS A-MATER
JI Appl. Phys. A-Mater. Sci. Process.
PD AUG
PY 2011
VL 104
IS 2
BP 755
EP 758
DI 10.1007/s00339-011-6346-8
PG 4
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA 792KD
UT WOS:000292742300036
ER

PT J
AU McNeil, JD
   Propper, B
   Walker, J
   Holguin, L
   Evans, L
   Lee, K
   Fox, PT
   Michalek, JE
   Baisden, CE
AF McNeil, Jeffrey D.
   Propper, Brandon
   Walker, Joshua
   Holguin, Lauren
   Evans, Lauren
   Lee, Kihak
   Fox, Peter T.
   Michalek, Joel E.
   Baisden, Clinton E.
TI A bovine hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier as pump prime for
   cardiopulmonary bypass: Reduced systemic lactic acidosis and improved
   cerebral oxygen metabolism during low flow in a porcine model
SO JOURNAL OF THORACIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY
LA English
DT Article
ID TRAUMATIC BRAIN-INJURY; POLYMERIZED HEMOGLOBIN; NORMAL VALUES;
   BLOOD-FLOW; IN-VIVO; RESUSCITATION; HBOC-201; TRANSPORT; AFFINITY;
   DELIVERY
AB Objectives: Cerebral ischemia can occur during cardiopulmonary bypass, especially during low flow. HBOC-201 (OPK Biotech, Cambridge, Mass) is a hemoglobin-based oxygen-carrying solution that enhances oxygen delivery. This project evaluated the benefits on total body and cerebral oxygen delivery and consumption using HBOC-201 during cardiopulmonary bypass.
   Methods: Twelve immature swine were assigned to one of 2 groups. One group used HBOC-201 in pump prime, and the other used donor porcine blood. Cardiopulmonary bypass was initiated and then flow was serially decreased from 100% to 75%, to 50%, and then back to full flow. At each interval, (15)O positron emission tomographic analysis was performed, and blood was collected. Total body and cerebral oxygen delivery and consumption were calculated. Statistical analysis was performed with a Tukey-Kramer adjusted P value based on a repeated measures linear model on log-transformed data.
   Results: Total and plasma hemoglobin levels were higher in the HBOC-201 group. Oxygen delivery and consumption were not statistically different but did tend to be higher in the HBOC-201 group. Mixed venous saturation was lower in the HBOC-201 group but not significant. Mild metabolic acidosis with increased lactate levels developed in the blood group. Mean cerebral blood flow decreased in both groups when total flow was 50%. In the HBOC-201 group cerebral oxygen metabolism was maintained.
   Conclusions: The addition of HBOC-201 for cardiopulmonary bypass appears to improve oxygen use and minimize anaerobic metabolism. Cerebral oxygen use was preserved in the HBOC-201 group, even during decrease in blood flow. These findings support the reported improved oxygen-unloading properties of HBOC-201 and might provide a benefit during cardiopulmonary bypass. (J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2011; 142: 411-7)
C1 [McNeil, Jeffrey D.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Div Cardiothorac Surg, Dept Surg, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA.
   [Lee, Kihak; Fox, Peter T.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Res Imaging Inst, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA.
   [Michalek, Joel E.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA.
   [McNeil, Jeffrey D.; Propper, Brandon] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
RP McNeil, JD (reprint author), Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Div Cardiothorac Surg, Dept Surg, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr,Mail Code 7841, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA.
EM mcneil@uthscsa.edu
RI Fox, Peter/B-4725-2010
OI Fox, Peter/0000-0002-0465-2028
FU United States Air Force, Office of the Surgeon General, Medical
   Modernization Directorate [FWH20060196AR]; University of Texas Health
   Science Center, Medical Dean's Office
FX This study was funded by United States Air Force, Office of the Surgeon
   General, Medical Modernization Directorate, protocol FWH20060196AR.
   Salary support for student summer research projects was provided by
   University of Texas Health Science Center, Medical Dean's Office.
NR 22
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0022-5223
J9 J THORAC CARDIOV SUR
JI J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg.
PD AUG
PY 2011
VL 142
IS 2
BP 411
EP 417
DI 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2010.11.017
PG 7
WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Respiratory System; Surgery
SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Respiratory System; Surgery
GA 792UF
UT WOS:000292775200037
PM 21641005
ER

PT J
AU Hyde, MW
   Havrilla, MJ
   Bogle, AE
AF Hyde, M. W.
   Havrilla, M. J.
   Bogle, A. E.
TI A novel and simple technique for measuring low-loss materials using the
   two flanged waveguides measurement geometry
SO MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Green's functions; guided-wave theory; material characterization; method
   of moments; open-ended waveguide; permeability measurement; permittivity
   measurement; radio-frequency measurement; time-domain measurement
ID ENDED COAXIAL PROBE; COMPLEX PERMITTIVITY; DIELECTRIC MEASUREMENTS;
   MICROWAVE-FREQUENCIES; PERMEABILITY; THICKNESS; TISSUES; METALS; CRACK
AB In this paper, a novel technique is developed to practically and accurately measure the permittivity and permeability of low-loss materials using the two flanged waveguides measurement geometry (originally designed to characterize strongly absorbing materials only). A review of the two flanged waveguides measurement technique (tFWMT) as well as the Green's function-based flange-design criterion is provided. This review is followed by the introduction of the novel method (called tFWMT time-domain gating). It is shown that tFWMT time-domain gating extends the range of applicability of the tFWMT to low-loss materials and provides a clear flange-size design requirement which, for low-loss materials, is approximately two orders of magnitude smaller than that stipulated by the existing Green's function-based criterion. Lastly, material-characterization measurement results of low-loss acrylic and ECCOSORB (R) R FGM-125, using flanges of two different sizes, are presented to validate the new technique.
C1 [Hyde, M. W.; Havrilla, M. J.; Bogle, A. E.] USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Hyde, MW (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 2950 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM milo.hyde@afit.edu; michael.havrilla@afit.edu; andrew.bogle.ctr@afit.edu
NR 31
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 4
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0957-0233
EI 1361-6501
J9 MEAS SCI TECHNOL
JI Meas. Sci. Technol.
PD AUG
PY 2011
VL 22
IS 8
AR 085704
DI 10.1088/0957-0233/22/8/085704
PG 10
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA 792UD
UT WOS:000292775000028
ER

PT J
AU Lu, YC
   Fulcher, JT
   Tandon, GP
   Foster, DC
   Baur, JW
AF Lu, Y. C.
   Fulcher, J. T.
   Tandon, G. P.
   Foster, D. C.
   Baur, J. W.
TI Microscale thermomechanical characterization of environmentally
   conditioned shape memory polymers
SO POLYMER TESTING
LA English
DT Article
DE Shape memory polymer; Environmental conditioning; Durability; High
   temperature nanoindentation
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; SENSING INDENTATION; POLYURETHANE SERIES;
   NANOINDENTATION; TEMPERATURES; COMPOSITES; SYSTEMS; DEPTH; RESIN; FILM
AB Shape memory polymers (SMPs) are an emerging class of active polymers that have dual-shape capability and are, therefore, candidate materials for reconfigurable structures. However, the durability of SMPs has not been fully investigated to ensure they function properly in relevant environments. In this study, epoxy-based SMPs were conditioned separately in simulated service environments designed to be reflective of anticipated performance requirements, namely, (1) exposure to UV radiation for 125 cycles, (2) immersion in lube oil at ambient temperature, (3) immersion in water at 49 degrees C. A novel high-temperature indentation method was used to evaluate the shape recovery ability and mechanical properties of the conditioned SMPs. Results show that environmentally conditioned SMPs generally exhibit decreased glass transition temperatures and higher moduli and strain rate sensitivities in comparison to an unconditioned one. Environmental conditioning affects the shape recovery abilities of the SMPs if the recovery temperatures are set low. In particular, the UV exposed and water immersed SMPs exhibit noticeable lower shape recovery ratios compared to the unconditioned material. When the recovery temperature is above T(g), the material's ability to regain shape remains relatively unchanged with conditioning. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Lu, Y. C.; Fulcher, J. T.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Mech Engn, Lexington, KY 40506 USA.
   [Tandon, G. P.; Foster, D. C.; Baur, J. W.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, AFRL RXBC, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Tandon, G. P.] Univ Dayton Res Ins, Dayton, OH USA.
RP Lu, YC (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Mech Engn, Lexington, KY 40506 USA.
EM chlu@engr.uky.edu
FU NASA; Kentucky Space Grant Consortium (KSGC); Universal Technology Co.
FX This work was supported by the grants made by the NASA EPSCoR Research
   Infrastructure Development Program (RID), the Kentucky Space Grant
   Consortium (KSGC), and the Universal Technology Co.
NR 29
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 5
U2 20
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0142-9418
J9 POLYM TEST
JI Polym. Test
PD AUG
PY 2011
VL 30
IS 5
BP 563
EP 570
DI 10.1016/j.polymertesting.2011.04.006
PG 8
WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Polymer Science
SC Materials Science; Polymer Science
GA 788UX
UT WOS:000292471000016
ER

PT J
AU Holsapple, RW
   Kingston, DB
AF Holsapple, Raymond W.
   Kingston, Derek B.
TI Cooperative control of autonomous systems
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROBUST AND NONLINEAR CONTROL
LA English
DT Editorial Material
DE cooperative control; coordinated control; autonomous system; task
   assignment; tree search; vehicle routing; UAV mission planning; linear
   temporal logic; approximate dynamic programming; Markov decision
   process; Kuramoto oscillator; multi-agent system; sensor network;
   robotic network; visibility; coverage; approximation algorithms;
   heuristics; Hamiltonian path; heterogeneous vehicles; column generation;
   distributed control
AB This special issue contains a collection of papers on task assignment problems, path planning problems, cooperative control problems and coordinated control problems. Each of the authors has concentrated his or her efforts on both theory development and application to enhance the overall academic contribution of each paper. The theme of this special issue was motivated by the many collaborations of the Cooperative and Intelligent Control of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) group in the Control Science Center of Excellence of the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL). Published 2011. This article is a US Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
C1 [Holsapple, Raymond W.; Kingston, Derek B.] USAF, Control Sci Ctr Excellence, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Holsapple, RW (reprint author), USAF, Control Sci Ctr Excellence, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM raymond.holsapple@wpafb.af.mil
NR 8
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 3
U2 26
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1049-8923
J9 INT J ROBUST NONLIN
JI Int. J. Robust Nonlinear Control
PD AUG
PY 2011
VL 21
IS 12
SI SI
BP 1355
EP 1357
DI 10.1002/rnc.1751
PG 3
WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic;
   Mathematics, Applied
SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering; Mathematics
GA 789NZ
UT WOS:000292523900001
ER

PT J
AU Krishnamoorthy, K
   Pachter, M
   Darbha, S
   Chandler, P
AF Krishnamoorthy, K.
   Pachter, M.
   Darbha, S.
   Chandler, P.
TI Approximate dynamic programming with state aggregation applied to UAV
   perimeter patrol
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROBUST AND NONLINEAR CONTROL
LA English
DT Article
DE controlled Markov chain; perimeter patrol; approximate dynamic
   programming; state aggregation
ID DECISION-PROCESSES
AB One encounters the curse of dimensionality in the application of dynamic programming to determine optimal policies for large-scale controlled Markov chains. In this paper, we provide a reward-based aggregation method to construct suboptimal policies for a perimeter surveillance control problem which gives rise to a large scale Markov chain. The novelty of this approach lies in circumventing the need for value iteration over the entire state space. Instead, the state space is partitioned and the value function is approximated by a constant over each partition. We associate a meta-state with each partition, where the transition probabilities between these meta-states are known. The state aggregation approach results in a significant reduction in the computational burden and lends itself to value iteration over the aggregated state-space. We provide bounds to assess the quality of the approximation and give numerical results that support the proposed methodology. Published 2011. This article is a US Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
C1 [Krishnamoorthy, K.] USAF, Control Design & Anal Branch, Res Lab, RBCA, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Pachter, M.] USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Elect Engn, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Darbha, S.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mech Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
RP Krishnamoorthy, K (reprint author), USAF, Control Design & Anal Branch, Res Lab, RBCA, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM krishnak@ucla.edu
FU Air Force Research Laboratory
FX This research was performed while the first author held a National
   Research Associateship award at the Air Force Research Laboratory.
NR 19
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 7
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1049-8923
EI 1099-1239
J9 INT J ROBUST NONLIN
JI Int. J. Robust Nonlinear Control
PD AUG
PY 2011
VL 21
IS 12
SI SI
BP 1396
EP 1409
DI 10.1002/rnc.1686
PG 14
WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic;
   Mathematics, Applied
SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering; Mathematics
GA 789NZ
UT WOS:000292523900004
ER

PT J
AU Casbeer, DW
   Holsapple, RW
AF Casbeer, David W.
   Holsapple, Raymond W.
TI Column generation for a UAV assignment problem with precedence
   constraints
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROBUST AND NONLINEAR CONTROL
LA English
DT Article
DE cooperative control; vehicle routing; column generation; UAV
ID DECOMPOSITION; PROGRAMS
AB We apply column generation with branch-and-price optimization to a multi-target, multi-task assignment problem, with precedence constraints. Column generation transforms the nonlinear program with separable costs and constraints into a linear program. This reformulation divides the original problem into a number of smaller problems, where one of these smaller problems accounts for the coupling constraints between agents and must be known by every agent. All other divisions consider local constraints affecting only one agent; these smaller problems are known by only one corresponding agent. Because of this reformulation, the assignment problem can be solved in a distributed manner. A theorem is proven which details the central analytical result of the paper, allowing a nonlinear program to be reformulated as a linear program. Simulation results for a multi-target, single-task assignment problem, as well as a multi-target, multi-task assignment problem with precedence constraints are presented. Published 2011. This article is a US Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
C1 [Casbeer, David W.; Holsapple, Raymond W.] USAF, Control Sci Ctr Excellence, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Casbeer, DW (reprint author), USAF, Control Sci Ctr Excellence, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM david.casbeer@wpafb.af.mil
NR 19
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 3
U2 13
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1049-8923
J9 INT J ROBUST NONLIN
JI Int. J. Robust Nonlinear Control
PD AUG
PY 2011
VL 21
IS 12
SI SI
BP 1421
EP 1433
DI 10.1002/rnc.1722
PG 13
WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic;
   Mathematics, Applied
SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering; Mathematics
GA 789NZ
UT WOS:000292523900006
ER

PT J
AU Carrell, SE
   Hoekstra, M
   West, JE
AF Carrell, Scott E.
   Hoekstra, Mark
   West, James E.
TI Is poor fitness contagious? Evidence from randomly assigned friends
SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC ECONOMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Peer effects; Physical fitness; Obesity; Social networks
ID OBESITY EPIDEMIC; SOCIAL NETWORK; PEER
AB The increase in obesity over the past 30 years has led researchers to investigate the role of social networks as a contributing factor. However, several challenges make it difficult to demonstrate a causal link between friends' physical fitness and own fitness using observational data. To overcome these problems, we exploit data from a unique setting in which individuals are randomly assigned to peer groups. We find statistically significant positive peer effects that are roughly half as large as the own effect of prior fitness on current fitness. Evidence suggests that the effects are caused primarily by friends who were the least fit, thus supporting the provocative notion that poor physical fitness spreads on a person-to-person basis. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Hoekstra, Mark] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Econ, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA.
   [Carrell, Scott E.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Econ, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
   [West, James E.] USAF Acad, Dept Econ & Geosci, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
RP Hoekstra, M (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Econ, 4714 Posvar Hall,230 S Bouquet St, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA.
EM secarrell@ucdavis.edu; markhoek@pitt.edu; jim.west@usafa.edu
OI West, James/0000-0002-1454-2113
NR 23
TC 26
Z9 26
U1 2
U2 18
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0047-2727
J9 J PUBLIC ECON
JI J. Public Econ.
PD AUG
PY 2011
VL 95
IS 7-8
BP 657
EP 663
DI 10.1016/j.jpubeco.2010.12.005
PG 7
WC Economics
SC Business & Economics
GA 773EM
UT WOS:000291289800016
ER

PT J
AU Duan, J
   Nepal, D
   Park, K
   Haley, JE
   Vella, JH
   Urbas, AM
   Vaia, RA
   Pachter, R
AF Duan, Jinsong
   Nepal, Dhriti
   Park, Kyoungweon
   Haley, Joy E.
   Vella, Jarrett H.
   Urbas, Augustine M.
   Vaia, Richard A.
   Pachter, Ruth
TI Computational Prediction of Molecular Photoresponse upon Proximity to
   Gold Nanorods
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
LA English
DT Article
ID PHOTONIC MODE DENSITY; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; FLUORESCENCE ENHANCEMENT;
   DIELECTRIC FUNCTION; MAXWELLS EQUATIONS; NUMERICAL-SOLUTION; QUANTUM
   DOTS; NANOPARTICLES; PARTICLES; ABSORPTION
AB We endeavor to gain insight into radiative and nonradiative decay phenomena of emitters proximate to gold nanorods (AuNRs), which could be useful in fluorescence enhancement and also in mitigating loss in metal nanostructures. Factors that influence the photoresponse, such as the orientation, positioning, and distance, were quantified by applying finite-difference time-domain simulations, particularly for small separations afforded by chemical synthesis of the nanoparticles. In order to provide guidelines to experimental work, the geometries examined were consistent with synthesized nanostructures. For fluorophore fluorescence enhancement (FFE), we quantified requirements for compensation of the large nonradiative decay at small separations to the AuNR surface, for example by the preferable use of larger aspect ratio rods, yet care has to be taken in utilizing larger nanostructures. Quantifying the quantum yield is important in assessing the interplay among various parameters that tune the fluorescence. For example, although placing an emitter at the tip of the AuNR at relatively dose proximity may offer increased FFE, the effect was opposite for the larger aspect ratio AuNR. Moreover, the possible role of the quadrupolar mode on nonradiative decay was quantified for different aspect ratio AuNRs. AuNRs' surface roughness was shown to increase the radiative decay rate, and the immersive medium can have a large effect on fluorescence enhancement. For the range of AuNRs considered, tunability provides FFE enhancements of about 10%; however, it significantly increased when using emitters with small intrinsic quantum yields. Finally, assemblies of AuNRs demonstrated large nonradiative decay in cases of small separation between the nanorods.
C1 [Duan, Jinsong; Nepal, Dhriti; Park, Kyoungweon; Haley, Joy E.; Urbas, Augustine M.; Vaia, Richard A.; Pachter, Ruth] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Duan, Jinsong; Vella, Jarrett H.] Gen Dynam Informat Technol Inc, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
   [Nepal, Dhriti] Universal Technol Corp, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
   [Park, Kyoungweon] UES Inc, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
RP Pachter, R (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM Ruth.Pachter@wpafb.af.mil
FU AFRL/RX
FX Financial support from the AFRL/RX metamaterials program is gratefully
   acknowledged. Lumerical Inc. is acknowledged for technical support and
   the referees for excellent comments.
NR 60
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 20
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1932-7447
J9 J PHYS CHEM C
JI J. Phys. Chem. C
PD JUL 28
PY 2011
VL 115
IS 29
BP 13961
EP 13967
DI 10.1021/jp203250w
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science,
   Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 794JP
UT WOS:000292892500002
ER

PT J
AU Zalar, P
   Kamkar, D
   Naik, R
   Ouchen, F
   Grote, JG
   Bazan, GC
   Nguyen, TQ
AF Zalar, Peter
   Kamkar, Daniel
   Naik, Rajesh
   Ouchen, Fahima
   Grote, James G.
   Bazan, Guillermo C.
   Thuc-Quyen Nguyen
TI DNA Electron Injection Interlayers for Polymer Light-Emitting Diodes
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; CONJUGATED POLYMERS; OPTOELECTRONIC DEVICES;
   DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC-ACID; CHARGE-TRANSPORT; POLY(P-PHENYLENE VINYLENE);
   HIGH-EFFICIENCY; POLYELECTROLYTES; INTERFACES; LAYERS
AB Introduction of a DNA interlayer adjacent to an Al cathode in a polymer light-emitting diode leads to lower turn-on voltages, higher luminance efficiencies, and characteristics comparable to those observed using a Ba electrode. The DNA serves to improve electron injection and also functions as a hole-blocking layer. The temporal characteristics of the devices are consistent with an interfacial dipole layer adjacent to the electrode being responsible for the reduction of the electron injection barrier.
C1 [Zalar, Peter; Kamkar, Daniel; Bazan, Guillermo C.; Thuc-Quyen Nguyen] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Ctr Polymers & Organ Solids, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
   [Zalar, Peter; Kamkar, Daniel; Bazan, Guillermo C.; Thuc-Quyen Nguyen] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Chem & Biochem, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
   [Naik, Rajesh; Ouchen, Fahima; Grote, James G.] USAF, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Bazan, GC (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Ctr Polymers & Organ Solids, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
EM bazan@chem.ucsb.edu; quyen@chem.ucsb.edu
RI Zalar, Peter/H-3425-2013; Bazan, Guillermo/B-7625-2014
OI Zalar, Peter/0000-0002-7719-0979; 
FU Air Force Research Laboratory [AFOSR/FA9550-08-1-0248]; Camille Dreyfus
   Teacher-Scholar Award; Department of Energy Office of Basic Energy
   Sciences [DE-SC0002368]; NSF [DMR 0547639]
FX This work was funded by an Air Force Research Laboratory Seed Grant
   (AFOSR/FA9550-08-1-0248) and a Camille Dreyfus Teacher-Scholar Award.
   P.Z. was supported by the Department of Energy Office of Basic Energy
   Sciences (DE-SC0002368). D.K. was supported by an NSF CAREER Award (DMR
   0547639). T.-Q.N. is an Alfred P. Sloan Foundation Research Fellow. The
   authors thank Aidee Duarte for help in the processing of DNA thin films.
NR 46
TC 38
Z9 38
U1 0
U2 46
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0002-7863
J9 J AM CHEM SOC
JI J. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD JUL 27
PY 2011
VL 133
IS 29
BP 11010
EP 11013
DI 10.1021/ja201868d
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 800NJ
UT WOS:000293367300002
PM 21657268
ER

PT J
AU MacDonald, NA
   Cappelli, MA
   Gildea, SR
   Martinez-Sanchez, M
   Hargus, WA
AF MacDonald, N. A.
   Cappelli, M. A.
   Gildea, S. R.
   Martinez-Sanchez, M.
   Hargus, W. A., Jr.
TI Laser-induced fluorescence velocity measurements of a diverging
   cusped-field thruster
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID HALL THRUSTER; XE-II; DISCHARGE; XENON
AB Measurements are presented of the most probable time-averaged ion velocities within the acceleration channel and in the plume of a diverging cusped-field thruster operating on xenon. Xenon ion velocities for the thruster are derived from laser-induced fluorescence measurements of the 5d[4](7/2)-6p[3](5/2) xenon ion excited state transition centred at lambda = 834.72 nm. The thruster is operated in both a high-current mode, where the anode discharge current is shown to oscillate periodically, and a low-current mode where operation is relatively quiescent. In the low-current mode, ion emission is predominantly in the form of a conical jet, whereas in the high-current mode, the emission is still divergent but more diffuse throughout the cone angle. These time-average measurements provide insight into the structure of the acceleration region. However, discerning the mechanism for the diffuse ion emission in the strongly oscillating high-current mode will require ion velocity measurements capable of resolving the time-dependent behaviour of the discharge.
C1 [MacDonald, N. A.; Cappelli, M. A.] Stanford Univ, Stanford Plasma Phys Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
   [Gildea, S. R.; Martinez-Sanchez, M.] MIT, Space Prop Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
   [Hargus, W. A., Jr.] USAF, Spacecraft Prop Branch, Res Lab, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA.
RP MacDonald, NA (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Plasma Phys Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
EM smacdo@stanford.edu
FU Science Mathematics And Research for Transformation (SMART) scholarship
   programme; Air Force Office of Scientific Research
FX The authors would like to thank T Matlock, B Gregory, Lt A Campos and G
   Arzonia for their technical support. N MacDonald and S Gildea thank the
   Science Mathematics And Research for Transformation (SMART) scholarship
   programme for support of their research. Research at MIT and Stanford is
   funded through the Air Force Office of Scientific Research with Dr M
   Birkan as grant monitor.
NR 36
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 1
U2 6
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0022-3727
J9 J PHYS D APPL PHYS
JI J. Phys. D-Appl. Phys.
PD JUL 27
PY 2011
VL 44
IS 29
AR 295203
DI 10.1088/0022-3727/44/29/295203
PG 10
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 787NF
UT WOS:000292383000011
ER

PT J
AU Liu, JB
   Chambreau, SD
   Vaghjiani, GL
AF Liu, Jianbo
   Chambreau, Steven D.
   Vaghjiani, Ghanshyam L.
TI Thermal Decomposition of 1,5-Dinitrobiuret (DNB): Direct Dynamics
   Trajectory Simulations and Statistical Modeling
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A
LA English
DT Article
ID COLLISION-INDUCED DISSOCIATION; POTENTIAL-ENERGY SURFACE; CLASSICAL
   TRAJECTORIES; FORMALDEHYDE CATION; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; VIBRATIONAL-MODE;
   THERMOCHEMISTRY; COMPLEXES
AB A large set of quasi-classical, direct dynamies trajectory simulations were performed for decomposition of 1,5-dinitrobiuret (DNB) over a temperature range from 4000 to 6000 K, aimed at providing insight into DNB decomposition mechanisms. The trajectories revealed various decomposition paths and reproduced the products (including HNCO, N2O, NO2, NO, and water) observed in DNB pyrolysis experiments. Using trajectory results as a guide, structures of intermediate complexes and transition states that might be important for decomposition were determined using density functional theory calculations. Rice-Ramsperger-Kassel-Marcus (RRKM) theory was then utilized to examine behaviors of the energized reactant and intermediates and to determine unimolecular rates for crossing various transition states. According to RRKM predictions, the dominant initial decomposition path of energized DNB corresponds to elimination of HNNO2H via a concerted mechanism where the molecular decomposition is accompanied with intramolecular H-atom transfer from the central nitrogen to the terminal nitro oxygen. Other important paths correspond to elimination of NO2 and H2NNO2. NO2 elimination is a simple N-N bond scission process. Formation and elimination of nitrarnide is, however, dynamically complicated, requiring twisting a -NHNO2 group out of the molecular plane, followed by an intramolecular reaction to form nitramide before its elimination. These two paths become significant at temperatures above 1500 K, accounting for >17% of DNB decomposition at 2000 K This work demonstrates that quasi-classical trajectory simulations, in conjunction with electronic structure and RRKM calculations, are able to extract mechanisms, kinetics, dynamics and product branching ratios for the decomposition of complex energetic molecules and to predict how they vary with decomposition temperature.
C1 [Liu, Jianbo] CUNY, Dept Chem & Biochem, Queens Coll, Flushing, NY 11367 USA.
   [Liu, Jianbo] CUNY, Grad Ctr, Flushing, NY 11367 USA.
   [Liu, Jianbo] ERC Inc, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA.
   [Vaghjiani, Ghanshyam L.] USAF, Res Lab, AFRL RZSP, Prop Directorate, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA.
RP Liu, JB (reprint author), CUNY, Dept Chem & Biochem, Queens Coll, 65-30 Kissena Blvd, Flushing, NY 11367 USA.
EM jianbo.liu@qc.cuny.edu
FU Air Force Research Laboratory (CUNY Research Foundation) [16348]; ERC,
   Inc., Edwards Air Force Base via AFOSR [FA9300-06-C-0023]
FX J.L. gratefully acknowledges the financial support received from the Air
   Force Research Laboratory (CUNY Research Foundation Contract No. 16348
   with contractor ERC, Inc., Edwards Air Force Base) via AFOSR Contract
   No. FA9300-06-C-0023. The authors would like to thank Scott Anderson
   (University of Utah) for providing part of the computational time and
   for many stimulating discussions and Bill Hase (Texas Tech) for
   providing the VENUS program.
NR 50
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1089-5639
J9 J PHYS CHEM A
JI J. Phys. Chem. A
PD JUL 21
PY 2011
VL 115
IS 28
BP 8064
EP 8072
DI 10.1021/jp203889v
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 794JX
UT WOS:000292893500002
PM 21648953
ER

PT J
AU Acebal, AO
   Sojka, JJ
AF Acebal, Ariel O.
   Sojka, Jan J.
TI A flare sensitive 3 h solar flux radio index for space weather
   applications
SO SPACE WEATHER-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
AB Many space physics models use the F10.7 as their input for solar activity. The F10.7 is a daily index derived from solar radio measurements taken at 2800 MHz, excluding activity from solar flares. In this paper, we compute a 3 h composite index, similar, in part, to the F10.7, using solar radio observations taken at 2695 MHz (11.1 cm) by the United States Air Force's Radio Solar Telescope Network. This index, called the F11.1 index, is similar to the F10.7. But unlike the F10.7 index, which is measured three times each day, at 1700, 2000, and 23 UT, F11.1 consists of eight measurements each day, uniformly distributed over 24 h. These 3 h intervals are aligned in UT with the planetary geomagnetic index Kp's time intervals. Each interval provides an F11.1 value that minimizes solar flare radio emission data. This composite index also provides two additional pieces of quantitative information that the F10.7 does not provide. The first is a factor, ranging from 0 to 1, indicating how representative the single F11.1 value is of this entire 3 h period (representation accuracy parameter). The second is a measure of how much of the 3 h interval can be classified as solar disturbed or as having a flare in progress (duration parameter). These aspects together have relevance for ionospheric modeling/specification for solar conditions in which significant change can occur over a 24 h period.
C1 [Acebal, Ariel O.] USAF, Inst Technol, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
   [Acebal, Ariel O.; Sojka, Jan J.] Utah State Univ, Ctr Atmospher & Space Sci, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
RP Acebal, AO (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Ctr Atmospher & Space Sci, 4405 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
EM jan.sojka@usu.edu
FU NSF [ATM-0533543, AGS-0962544]; NASA [NNG05GJ48G]; Air Force Institute
   of Technology
FX This research was supported by NSF grants ATM-0533543 and AGS-0962544
   and NASA grant NNG05GJ48G to Utah State University. Ariel Acebal was
   sponsored by the Air Force Institute of Technology. The views expressed
   in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect
   the official policy or position of the Air Force, the Department of
   Defense, or the U.S. Government. The authors wish to thank one of the
   referees for the insights provided in contributing to this paper.
NR 15
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 1542-7390
J9 SPACE WEATHER
JI Space Weather
PD JUL 21
PY 2011
VL 9
AR S07004
DI 10.1029/2010SW000585
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology &
   Atmospheric Sciences
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology &
   Atmospheric Sciences
GA 796YX
UT WOS:000293090500001
ER

PT J
AU Meola, J
   Eismann, MT
   Moses, RL
   Ash, JN
AF Meola, Joseph
   Eismann, Michael T.
   Moses, Randolph L.
   Ash, Joshua N.
TI Modeling and estimation of signal-dependent noise in hyperspectral
   imagery
SO APPLIED OPTICS
LA English
DT Article
ID OPERATIONAL METHOD; ENHANCEMENT; IMPACT
AB The majority of hyperspectral data exploitation algorithms are developed using statistical models for the data that include sensor noise. Hyperspectral data collected using charge-coupled devices or other photon detectors have sensor noise that is directly dependent on the amplitude of the signal collected. However, this signal dependence is often ignored. Additionally, the statistics of the noise can vary spatially and spectrally as a result of camera characteristics and the calibration process applied to the data. Here, we examine the expected noise characteristics of both raw and calibrated visible/near-infrared hyperspectral data and provide a method for estimating the noise statistics using calibration data or directly from the imagery if calibration data is unavailable. (C) 2011 Optical Society of America
C1 [Meola, Joseph; Eismann, Michael T.] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Moses, Randolph L.; Ash, Joshua N.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43201 USA.
RP Meola, J (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, 2241 Avionics Circle, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM joseph.meola@wpafb.af.mil
NR 25
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 0
U2 9
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1559-128X
EI 2155-3165
J9 APPL OPTICS
JI Appl. Optics
PD JUL 20
PY 2011
VL 50
IS 21
BP 3829
EP 3846
DI 10.1364/AO.50.003829
PG 18
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 795JN
UT WOS:000292970600012
PM 21772364
ER

PT J
AU Wheeler, DJ
   Schmidt, JD
AF Wheeler, Daniel J.
   Schmidt, Jason D.
TI Spatial coherence function of partially coherent Gaussian beams in
   atmospheric turbulence
SO APPLIED OPTICS
LA English
DT Article
ID FIBER-COUPLING EFFICIENCY; SPACE OPTICAL COMMUNICATION; SCHELL-MODEL
   BEAMS; RANDOM-MEDIA; PROPAGATION; WAVE
AB We introduce a new method of estimating the coherence function of a Gaussian-Schell model beam in the inertial subrange of atmospheric turbulence. It is compared with the previously published methods based on either the quadratic approximation of the parabolic equation or an assumed independence between the source's randomness and the atmosphere using effective beam parameters. This new method, which combines the results of the previous two methods to account for any random source/atmospheric coupling, was shown to more accurately estimate both the coherence radius and coherence functional shape across much of the relevant parameter space. The regions of the parameter space where one method or another is the most accurate in estimating the coherence radius are identified along with the maximum absolute estimation error in each region. By selecting the appropriate estimation method for a given set of conditions, the absolute estimation error can generally be kept to less than 5%, with a maximum error of 7%. We also show that the true coherence function is more Gaussian than expected, with the exponential power tending toward 9/5 rather than the theoretical value of 5/3 in very strong turbulence regardless of the nature of the source coherence.
C1 [Wheeler, Daniel J.; Schmidt, Jason D.] USAF, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Schmidt, JD (reprint author), USAF, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Inst Technol, 2950 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM jason.schmidt@afit.edu
FU Physics and Electronics Directorate of the Air Force Office of
   Scientific Research (USAFOSR) [F1ATA08350J002]
FX This research is sponsored by the Physics and Electronics Directorate of
   the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (USAFOSR) under federal
   grant F1ATA08350J002. The technical results and conclusions expressed in
   this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the
   official policy or position of the sponsors, the U.S. Air Force, the
   U.S. Department of Defense, or the U.S. government.
NR 41
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U1 1
U2 5
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1559-128X
EI 2155-3165
J9 APPL OPTICS
JI Appl. Optics
PD JUL 20
PY 2011
VL 50
IS 21
BP 3907
EP 3917
DI 10.1364/AO.50.003907
PG 11
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 795JN
UT WOS:000292970600022
PM 21772374
ER

PT J
AU Atapour, M
   Pilchak, AL
   Frankel, GS
   Williams, JC
AF Atapour, M.
   Pilchak, A. L.
   Frankel, G. S.
   Williams, J. C.
TI Corrosion behavior of beta titanium alloys for biomedical applications
SO MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING C-MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Ti alloys; Corrosion
ID MO-ZR-FE; TI-15MO BIOCOMPATIBLE ALLOYS; MICROSTRUCTURAL EVOLUTION;
   STRENGTHENING MECHANISMS; MEDICAL IMPLANTS; TI; TI-6AL-4V; CAST; NB; TA
AB The corrosion behavior of biocompatible beta titanium alloys Ti-13Mo-7Zr-3Fe (TMZF) and Ti-35Nb-7Zr-5Ta (TiOsteum) was investigated in 0.9% NaCl and 5 M HCl solutions. Extra-low-interstitial Ti-6Al-4V, which is also a candidate material for biomedical applications, was studied for comparison. The as-received TiOsteum and TMZF alloys exhibited single-phase beta and alpha + beta microstructures, respectively, so the latter was also investigated in the solutionized and quenched condition. In 0.9% NaCl solution, all three alloys exhibited spontaneous passivity and very low corrosion rates. Ti-6Al-4V and the as-received TMZF exhibited active-passive transitions in 5 M HCI whereas TiOsteum and TMZF in the metastable beta condition showed spontaneous passivity. Potentiodynamic polarization tests, weight loss and immersion tests revealed that TiOsteum exhibited the best corrosion resistance in 5 M HCl. Analysis of surfaces of the corroded specimens indicated that the alpha/beta phase boundaries were preferential sites for corrosion in Ti-6Al-4V while the beta phase was preferentially attacked in the two-phase TMZF. The performance of the alloys in corrosive environment was discussed in terms of the volume fraction of the constituent phases and partitioning of alloying elements between these phases. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Atapour, M.; Pilchak, A. L.; Frankel, G. S.; Williams, J. C.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
   [Atapour, M.] Isfahan Univ Technol, Dept Mat Engn, Esfahan 8415683111, Iran.
   [Pilchak, A. L.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate RXLM, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Pilchak, A. L.] Universal Technol Corp, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
RP Frankel, GS (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 116 W 19Th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
EM frankel.10@osu.edu
RI Frankel, Gerald/C-3113-2012
OI Frankel, Gerald/0000-0003-0573-3548
FU Air Force Research Laboratory management; Air Force [FA8650-07-D-5800]
FX The authors are grateful to Prof. H.J. Rack (Clemson University,
   Clemson, SC) for providing the material used in the present study. The
   authors also wish to acknowledge the experimental assistance of J.W.
   Foltz and A. Chandra (OSU). One of the authors (ALP) appreciates the
   support and encouragement of the Air Force Research Laboratory
   management and funding from Air Force Contract FA8650-07-D-5800 during
   the preparation of this manuscript.
NR 34
TC 31
Z9 33
U1 2
U2 32
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0928-4931
J9 MAT SCI ENG C-MATER
JI Mater. Sci. Eng. C-Mater. Biol. Appl.
PD JUL 20
PY 2011
VL 31
IS 5
BP 885
EP 891
DI 10.1016/j.msec.2011.02.005
PG 7
WC Materials Science, Biomaterials
SC Materials Science
GA 779LJ
UT WOS:000291778800011
ER

PT J
AU LeMaster, DA
AF LeMaster, Daniel A.
TI Stokes image reconstruction for two-color microgrid polarization imaging
   systems
SO OPTICS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
AB The Air Force Research Laboratory has developed a new micro-grid polarization imaging system capable of simultaneously reconstructing linear Stokes parameter images in two colors on a single focal plane array. In this paper, an effective method for extracting Stokes images is presented for this type of camera system. It is also shown that correlations between the color bands can be exploited to significantly increase overall spatial resolution. Test data is used to show the advantages of this approach over bilinear interpolation. The bounds (in terms of available reconstruction bandwidth) on image resolution are also provided.
C1 USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP LeMaster, DA (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM daniel.lemaster@wpafb.af.mil
NR 11
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 6
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1094-4087
J9 OPT EXPRESS
JI Opt. Express
PD JUL 18
PY 2011
VL 19
IS 15
BP 14604
EP 14616
DI 10.1364/OE.19.014604
PG 13
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 794EF
UT WOS:000292877600092
PM 21934823
ER

PT J
AU Sell, JF
   Patterson, BM
   Ehrenreich, T
   Brooke, G
   Scoville, J
   Knize, RJ
AF Sell, J. F.
   Patterson, B. M.
   Ehrenreich, T.
   Brooke, G.
   Scoville, J.
   Knize, R. J.
TI Lifetime measurement of the cesium 6P(3/2) state using ultrafast
   laser-pulse excitation and ionization
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID BEAM-LASER
AB We report a precision measurement of the cesium 6P(3/2) excited-state lifetime. Two collimated, counterpropagating thermal Cs beams cross perpendicularly to femtosecond pulsed laser beams. High timing accuracy is achieved from having excitation and ionization laser pulses which originate from the same mode-locked laser. Using pulse selection we vary the separation in time between excitation and ionization laser pulses while counting the ions produced. We obtain a Cs 6P(3/2) lifetime of 30.460(38) ns, which is a factor of two improvement from previous measurements and with an uncertainty of 0.12%, is one of the most accurate lifetime measurements on record.
C1 [Sell, J. F.; Patterson, B. M.; Ehrenreich, T.; Brooke, G.; Scoville, J.; Knize, R. J.] USAF Acad, Laser & Opt Res Ctr, Dept Phys, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
RP Sell, JF (reprint author), USAF Acad, Laser & Opt Res Ctr, Dept Phys, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research; National Science Foundation
   [0758185]
FX This work was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research
   and the National Science Foundation (Grant No. 0758185).
NR 21
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD JUL 18
PY 2011
VL 84
IS 1
AR 010501
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.84.010501
PG 4
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 793LH
UT WOS:000292823300001
ER

PT J
AU Gothard, NW
   Tritt, TM
   Spowart, JE
AF Gothard, N. W.
   Tritt, T. M.
   Spowart, J. E.
TI Figure of merit enhancement in bismuth telluride alloys via
   fullerene-assisted microstructural refinement
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID QUANTUM-WELL STRUCTURES; THERMOELECTRIC PROPERTIES; ELECTRICAL
   PROPERTIES; ANTIMONY TELLURIDE; BULK MATERIALS; SCATTERING;
   NANOSTRUCTURES; MECHANISM; APPARATUS; FILMS
AB Nanocomposite materials based on bismuth telluride with fullerene additions have been synthesized via ball milling and spark plasma sintering. The impact of fullerene addition upon the composites is studied with respect to both fullerene volume percentage and ball-mill duration. It is demonstrated that fullerenes can engage in significant microstructural refinement even when present in small quantities. The lattice thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity, Seebeck coefficient, and Hall coefficient are analyzed with a view to the impact of fullerene incorporation upon these properties. Fullerene-assisted microstructural refinement causes a decrease both in lattice thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity, but a corresponding increase in the Seebeck coefficient results in an enhancement in the figure of merit at low volume fractions. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3606547]
C1 [Gothard, N. W.; Spowart, J. E.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Tritt, T. M.] Clemson Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.
RP Gothard, NW (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM nicholas.gothard.ctr@wpafb.af.mil
FU Air Force Research Laboratory; Universal Technologies Corporation
   [UTC-Air Force/0978-205-2006541]; National Research Council at the Air
   Force Research Laboratory
FX The authors acknowledge support from the Air Force Research Laboratory,
   Materials & Manufacturing Directorate, through a collaborative research
   and development contract with Universal Technologies Corporation
   (UTC-Air Force/0978-205-2006541). This research was performed while
   N.W.G. held a National Research Council Research Associateship award at
   the Air Force Research Laboratory. Special thanks to Mr. Charles Cook
   and Mr. Tony Houston (UES), for their assistance in materials
   preparation.
NR 41
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U1 3
U2 19
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
   MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD JUL 15
PY 2011
VL 110
IS 2
AR 023706
DI 10.1063/1.3606547
PG 6
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 801YK
UT WOS:000293476300050
ER

PT J
AU Robin, C
   Dajani, I
AF Robin, Craig
   Dajani, Iyad
TI Acoustically segmented photonic crystal fiber for single-frequency
   high-power laser applications
SO OPTICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID AMPLIFIER
AB The Brillouin gain characteristics of a Yb-doped polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber possessing a segmented acoustic profile are investigated using a pump-probe technique. The concentrations of fluorine, aluminum, and germanium in two regions of the core were selected, such that the corresponding Brillouin shifts were sufficiently separated to allow for the introduction of a temperature profile along the fiber for further stimulated Brillouin scattering suppression. By using a cutback technique to measure loss, we estimated the Brillouin gain coefficient to be 1.2 x 10(-11) m/W. Despite differences in the concentration levels of dopants between the two segments, there was no evidence of a development of an optical interface. When this fiber was utilized in a counterpumped amplifier configuration, close to 500W of near-diffraction-limited single-frequency output was obtained. (C) 2011 Optical Society of America
C1 [Robin, Craig; Dajani, Iyad] USAF, Res Lab, Adv Elect Lasers Branch, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA.
RP Robin, C (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Adv Elect Lasers Branch, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA.
EM Craig.Robin@kirtland.af.mil
FU High Energy Laser Joint Technology Office (HEL-JTO); Air Force Office of
   Scientific Research (USAFOSR)
FX This work was partially funded by the High Energy Laser Joint Technology
   Office (HEL-JTO) and the Air Force Office of Scientific Research
   (USAFOSR).
NR 6
TC 23
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 3
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0146-9592
J9 OPT LETT
JI Opt. Lett.
PD JUL 15
PY 2011
VL 36
IS 14
BP 2641
EP 2643
PG 3
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 800GE
UT WOS:000293347000014
PM 21765494
ER

PT J
AU Mattie, DR
   Sterner, TR
AF Mattie, David R.
   Sterner, Teresa R.
TI Past, present and emerging toxicity issues for jet fuel
SO TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE JP-4; JP-8; Jet fuel; Toxicity
ID PHARMACOKINETIC MODEL; REPEATED EXPOSURE; RISK ASSESSMENT; TERM
   EXPOSURE; JP-8; RATS; MICE; INHALATION; VAPOR; NAPHTHALENE
AB The US Air Force wrote the specification for the first official hydrocarbon-based jet fuel, JP-4, in 1951. This paper will briefly review the toxicity of the current fuel, JP-8, as compared to JP-4. JP-8 has been found to have low acute toxicity with the adverse effects being slight dermal irritation and weak dermal sensitization in animals. JP-4 also has low acute toxicity with slight dermal irritation as the adverse effect. Respiratory tract sensory irritation was greater in JP-8 than in JP-4. Recent data suggest exposure to jet fuel may contribute to hearing loss. Subchronic studies for 90 days with JP-8 and JP-4 showed little toxicity with the primary effect being male rat specific hydrocarbon nephropathy. A 1-year study was conducted for JP-4. The only tumors seen were associated with the male rat specific hydrocarbon nephropathy. A number of immunosuppressive effects have been seen after exposure to JP-8. Limited neurobehavioral effects have been associated with JP-8. JP-8 is not a developmental toxicant and has little reproductive toxicity. JP-4 has not been tested for immune, neurobehavioral or reproductive endpoints. JP-8 and JP-4 were negative in mutagenicity tests but JP-4 showed an increase in unscheduled DNA synthesis. Currently. JP-8 is being used as the standard for comparison of future fuels, including alternative fuels. Emerging issues of concern with jet fuels include naphthalene content, immunotoxicity and inhalation exposure characterization and modeling of complex mixtures such as jet fuels. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 [Mattie, David R.] USAF, Appl Biotechnol Branch, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Sterner, Teresa R.] HJF, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Mattie, DR (reprint author), USAF, Appl Biotechnol Branch, Res Lab, AFRL RHPB Bldg 837,2729 R St, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM david.mattie@wpafb.af.mil
NR 48
TC 12
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 6
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0041-008X
J9 TOXICOL APPL PHARM
JI Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol.
PD JUL 15
PY 2011
VL 254
IS 2
SI SI
BP 127
EP 132
DI 10.1016/j.taap.2010.04.022
PG 6
WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
GA 793HJ
UT WOS:000292810700005
PM 21296101
ER

PT J
AU Hjelkrem, M
   Stauch, C
   Shaw, J
   Harrison, SA
AF Hjelkrem, M.
   Stauch, C.
   Shaw, J.
   Harrison, S. A.
TI Validation of the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease activity score
SO ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
LA English
DT Article
AB Background
   The non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) activity score (NAS) is a scoring system designed by the Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH) Clinical Research Network (CRN) to encompass the spectrum of NAFLD and evaluate histological changes. However, the NAS and the correlation between the NAS and a diagnosis of NASH have not been validated outside the NASH CRN.
   Aim
   To validate the NAS outside the NASH CRN.
   Methods
   This study retrospectively examined liver biopsies from adults with NAFLD or steatohepatitis obtained from January 2003 to May 2010. Biopsy specimens were evaluated twice in a blinded manner by a single hepatopathologist, once to determine a diagnosis (steatohepatitis or steatosis/not-steatohepatitis), and a second time to determine the NAS.
   Results
   A total of 386 liver biopsies were evaluated. Mean age of patients at time of biopsy was 49.9 +/- 10.2 years. NASH was found in 51% of the patients. For NAS >= 5 as a diagnosis of steatohepatitis and NAS <5 for not-steatohepatitis, the sensitivity was 57%, specificity: 95%, negative predictive value (NPV): 68% and positive predictive value (PPV): 93%. Lowering the NAS to >= 4 as a diagnosis of steatohepatitis increased the sensitivity to 85% with a decrease in specificity to 81%; NPV: 84%, PPV: 82% and Cohen's kappa 0.658.
   Conclusions
   The NAFLD activity score is a valid scoring system encompassing the spectrum of NAFLD with an excellent level of agreement between the histological diagnosis and the NAFLD activity score. A NAFLD activity score >= 4 has optimal sensitivity and specificity for predicting steatohepatitis, and is the recommended value for admission into an interventional trial for NASH.
C1 [Hjelkrem, M.; Harrison, S. A.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Gastroenterol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA.
   [Stauch, C.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX USA.
   [Shaw, J.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX USA.
RP Harrison, SA (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA.
EM Stephen.harrison@amedd.army.mil
FU Rottapharm; Mochida Pharmaceuticals
FX Declaration of personal interests: S. A. Harrison has served as an
   advisory board member for Amylin Pharmaceuticals. He has received
   research funding from Rottapharm and Mochida Pharmaceuticals.
   Declaration of funding interests: None.
NR 11
TC 22
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 3
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0269-2813
J9 ALIMENT PHARM THER
JI Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther.
PD JUL 15
PY 2011
VL 34
IS 2
BP 214
EP 218
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2011.04695.x
PG 5
WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA 784JD
UT WOS:000292152300010
PM 21585409
ER

PT J
AU Shuman, NS
   Miller, TM
   Friedman, JF
   Viggiano, AA
   Maeda, S
   Morokuma, K
AF Shuman, Nicholas S.
   Miller, Thomas M.
   Friedman, Jeffrey F.
   Viggiano, Albert A.
   Maeda, Satoshi
   Morokuma, Keiji
TI Temperature dependences of rate coefficients for electron catalyzed
   mutual neutralization
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID AFTERGLOW PLASMAS; ATTACHMENT
AB The flowing afterglow technique of variable electron and neutral density attachment mass spectrometry (VENDAMS) has recently yielded evidence for a novel plasma charge loss process, electron catalyzed mutual neutralization (ECMN), i.e., A(+) + B- + e(-) -> A + B + e(-). Here, rate constants for ECMN of two polyatomic species (POCl3- and POCl2-) and one diatomic species (Br-2(-)) each with two monatomic cations (Ar+ and Kr+) are measured using VENDAMS over the temperature range 300 K-500 K. All rate constants show a steep negative temperature dependence, consistent with that expected for a three body process involving two ions and an electron. No variation in rate constants as a function of the cation type is observed outside of uncertainty; however, rate constants of the polyatomic anions (similar to 1 x 10(-18) cm(6) s(-1) at 300 K) are measurably higher than that for Br-2(-) [(5.5 +/- 2) x 10(-19) cm(6) s(-1) at 300 K]. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3605631]
C1 [Shuman, Nicholas S.; Miller, Thomas M.; Friedman, Jeffrey F.; Viggiano, Albert A.] USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA.
   [Maeda, Satoshi; Morokuma, Keiji] Emory Univ, Cherry L Emerson Ctr Sci Computat, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
   [Maeda, Satoshi; Morokuma, Keiji] Emory Univ, Dept Chem, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
RP Viggiano, AA (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA.
EM afrl.rvb.pa@hanscom.af.mil
RI Maeda, Satoshi/H-3613-2014
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research; Institute for Scientific
   Research of Boston College; National Research Council
FX We are grateful for the support of the Air Force Office of Scientific
   Research for this work. T.M.M. and J.F.F. are under contract to the
   Institute for Scientific Research of Boston College. N.S.S. is supported
   by the National Research Council Research Associateship Program.
NR 21
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
EI 1089-7690
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD JUL 14
PY 2011
VL 135
IS 2
AR 024204
DI 10.1063/1.3605631
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 792UN
UT WOS:000292776000020
PM 21766935
ER

PT J
AU Volk, K
   Hrivnak, BJ
   Matsuura, M
   Bernard-Salas, J
   Szczerba, R
   Sloan, GC
   Kraemer, KE
   van Loon, JT
   Kemper, F
   Woods, PM
   Zijlstra, AA
   Sahai, R
   Meixner, M
   Gordon, KD
   Gruendl, RA
   Tielens, AGGM
   Indebetouw, R
   Marengo, M
AF Volk, Kevin
   Hrivnak, Bruce J.
   Matsuura, Mikako
   Bernard-Salas, Jeronimo
   Szczerba, Ryszard
   Sloan, G. C.
   Kraemer, Kathleen E.
   van Loon, Jacco Th.
   Kemper, F.
   Woods, Paul M.
   Zijlstra, Albert A.
   Sahai, Raghvendra
   Meixner, Margaret
   Gordon, Karl D.
   Gruendl, Robert A.
   Tielens, Alexander G. G. M.
   Indebetouw, Remy
   Marengo, Massimo
TI DISCOVERY AND ANALYSIS OF 21 mu m FEATURE SOURCES IN THE MAGELLANIC
   CLOUDS
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE circumstellar matter; galaxies: individual (LMC, SMC); stars: AGB and
   post-AGB; stars: evolution
ID GIANT BRANCH STARS; RICH PROTOPLANETARY NEBULAE;
   SPITZER-SPACE-TELESCOPE; POST-AGB STARS; M EMISSION FEATURE;
   PLANETARY-NEBULAE; INFRARED SPECTROGRAPH; EVOLVED STARS; MAGNESIUM
   SULFIDE; LEGACY PROGRAM
AB Spitzer Space Telescope mid-infrared spectroscopy has been obtained for 15 carbon-rich protoplanetary nebulae (PPNe) in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) and for two other such stars in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC). Of these 17 PPNe, the unidentified 21 mu m feature is strong in 7 spectra, weak in 2 spectra, and very weak or questionable in 4 spectra. Two of the four spectra without the 21 mu m feature have a very strong feature near 11 mu m, similar to a feature observed in some carbon-rich planetary nebulae (PNe) in the LMC. We attribute this feature to unusual SiC dust, although the feature-to-continuum ratio is much larger than for SiC features in Galactic or Magellanic Cloud carbon star spectra. The remaining two objects show typical carbon-rich PPNe spectra with no 21 mu m features. One of the LMC objects that lacks the 21 mu m feature and one SMC object with a questionable 21 mu m detection may have mixed dust chemistries based upon their spectral similarity to Galactic [WC] PNe. The 13 objects that either definitely or may show the 21 mu m feature have distinct dust shell properties compared to the Galactic 21 mu m objects-the 21 mu m features are weaker, the estimated dust temperatures are significantly higher, the unidentified infrared (UIR) bands are stronger, and the UIRs show more structure. Four of the 21 mu m objects appear to show normal SiC emission features in their spectra. Many of the PPNe show strong 30 mu m features, although this feature carries less of the total mid-infrared emission than is normally the case for the Galactic 21 mu m PPNe. The LMC objects are in the LMC halo rather than in the LMC bar. The estimated luminosities of these PPNe vary from 4700 to 12,500L(circle dot).
C1 [Volk, Kevin; Meixner, Margaret; Gordon, Karl D.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
   [Hrivnak, Bruce J.] Valparaiso Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Valparaiso, IN 46383 USA.
   [Hrivnak, Bruce J.] UCL, Inst Origins, Dept Phys & Astron, London WC1E 6BT, England.
   [Bernard-Salas, Jeronimo] Univ Paris 11, CNRS, Inst Astrophys Spatiale, F-91405 Orsay, France.
   [Szczerba, Ryszard] Nicholas Copernicus Astron Ctr, PL-87100 Torun, Poland.
   [Sloan, G. C.] Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
   [Kraemer, Kathleen E.] USAF, Res Lab, RVBYB, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
   [van Loon, Jacco Th.] Keele Univ, Lennard Jones Labs, Astrophys Grp, Keele ST5 5BG, Staffs, England.
   [Kemper, F.; Woods, Paul M.; Zijlstra, Albert A.] Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Jodrell Bank, Ctr Astrophys, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England.
   [Sahai, Raghvendra] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
   [Gruendl, Robert A.] Univ Illinois, Dept Astron, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
   [Tielens, Alexander G. G. M.] Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands.
   [Indebetouw, Remy] Univ Virginia, Dept Astron, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA.
   [Marengo, Massimo] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
   [Matsuura, Mikako] Univ Coll London, Mullard Space Sci Lab, Inst Origins, Dorking RH5 6NT, Surrey, England.
   [Kemper, F.] Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, Taipei 10647, Taiwan.
   [Indebetouw, Remy] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA.
   [Marengo, Massimo] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Volk, K (reprint author), Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
EM volk@stsci.edu
RI Kemper, Francisca/D-8688-2011
OI Kemper, Francisca/0000-0003-2743-8240
FU NASA [1378453]; Polish MNiSW [N203 511838]
FX This work is primarily based on observations made with the Spitzer Space
   Telescope, which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory,
   California Institute of Technology, under a contract with NASA. Support
   for this research was provided by NASA through contract 1378453 issued
   by JPL/Caltech. R.Sz. acknowledges support by grant N203 511838 from the
   Polish MNiSW.
NR 84
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 0
U2 3
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD JUL 10
PY 2011
VL 735
IS 2
AR 127
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/735/2/127
PG 28
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 783NF
UT WOS:000292089700060
ER

PT J
AU Carrano, CS
   Groves, KM
   Caton, RG
   Rino, CL
   Straus, PR
AF Carrano, Charles S.
   Groves, Keith M.
   Caton, Ronald G.
   Rino, Charles L.
   Straus, Paul R.
TI Multiple phase screen modeling of ionospheric scintillation along radio
   occultation raypaths
SO RADIO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID EQUATORIAL SPREAD-F; IRREGULARITIES; PROPAGATION; DEPENDENCE;
   RESOLUTION; SCATTER; SIGNALS; RADAR
AB We present the Radio Occultation Scintillation Simulator (ROSS), which uses the multiple phase screen method (MPS) to simulate the forward scatter of radio waves by irregularities in the equatorial ionosphere during radio occultation experiments. ROSS simulates propagation through equatorial plasma bubbles which are modeled as homogeneous electron density fluctuations modulated by a Chapman profile in altitude and a Gaussian window in the magnetic east-west direction. We adjust the parameters of the density model using electron density profiles derived from the ALTAIR incoherent scatter radar (9.4 degrees N, 167.5 degrees E, 4.3 degrees north dip), and space-to-ground observations of scintillation using VHF and GPS receivers that are colocated with the radar. We compare the simulated occultation scintillation to observations of scintillation from the CORISS instrument onboard the C/NOFS satellite during a radio occultation occurring near ALTAIR on 21 April 2009. The ratio of MPS predicted S(4) to CORISS observed S(4) throughout the F region altitudes of 240-350 km ranged between 0.86 and 1.14.
C1 [Carrano, Charles S.] Boston Coll, Inst Sci Res, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 USA.
   [Caton, Ronald G.] USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA.
   [Groves, Keith M.] USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
   [Rino, Charles L.] Rino Consulting, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
   [Straus, Paul R.] Aerosp Corp, El Segundo, CA 90009 USA.
RP Carrano, CS (reprint author), Boston Coll, Inst Sci Res, 140 Commonwealth Ave, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 USA.
EM charles.carrano@bc.edu; keith.groves@hanscom.af.mil;
   Ronald.Caton@kirtland.af.mil; crino@mindspring.com;
   paul.r.straus@aero.org
OI Carrano, Charles/0000-0003-1317-2453
FU AFRL [FA8718-09-C-0041]
FX This work was supported by AFRL contract FA8718-09-C-0041. The authors
   are indebted to Dale Sponseller, Kwajalein Range Services LLC., for his
   assistance with the data collection from ALTAIR.
NR 34
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 1
U2 8
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0048-6604
J9 RADIO SCI
JI Radio Sci.
PD JUL 8
PY 2011
VL 46
AR RS0D07
DI 10.1029/2010RS004591
PG 14
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology &
   Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology &
   Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications
GA 790SZ
UT WOS:000292610800001
ER

PT J
AU Eyet, N
   Shuman, NS
   Viggiano, AA
   Troe, J
   Relph, RA
   Steele, RP
   Johnson, MA
AF Eyet, Nicole
   Shuman, Nicholas S.
   Viggiano, Albert A.
   Troe, Juergen
   Relph, Rachael A.
   Steele, Ryan P.
   Johnson, Mark A.
TI The Importance of NO+(H2O)(4) in the Conversion of NO+(H2O)(n) to
   H3O+(H2O)(n): I. Kinetics Measurements and Statistical Rate Modeling
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A
LA English
DT Article
ID ADIABATIC CHANNEL MODEL; ION-MOLECULE CAPTURE; RATE CONSTANTS; CLUSTER
   IONS; WATER; TEMPERATURE; SPECTROSCOPY; DEPENDENCE; HYDRATION; MECHANISM
AB The kinetics for conversion of NO+(H2O)(n) to H3O+(H2O)(n) has been investigated as a function of temperature from 150 to 400 K. In contrast to previous studies, which show that the conversion goes completely through a reaction of NO+(H2O)(3,) the present results show that NO+(H2O)(4) plays an increasing role in the conversion as the temperature is lowered. Rate constants are derived for the clustering of H2O to NO+(H2O)(1-3) and the reactions of NO+(H2O)(3,4) with H2O to form H3O+(H2O)(2,3), respectively. In addition, thermal dissociation of NO+(H2O)(4) to lose HNO2 was also found to be important. The rate constants for the clustering increase substantially with the lowering of the temperature. Flux calculations show that NO+(H2O)(4) accounts for over 99% of the conversion at 150 K and even 20% at 300 K, although it is too small to be detectable. The experimental data are complimented by modeling of the falloff curves for the clustering reactions. The modeling shows that, for many of the conditions, the data correspond to the falloff regime of third body association.
C1 [Eyet, Nicole; Shuman, Nicholas S.; Viggiano, Albert A.] USAF, Space Vehicles Directorate, Res Lab, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
   [Eyet, Nicole] St Anselm Coll, Dept Chem, Manchester, NH 03102 USA.
   [Troe, Juergen] Univ Gottingen, Inst Phys Chem, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany.
   [Troe, Juergen] Max Planck Inst Biophys Chem, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany.
   [Relph, Rachael A.; Steele, Ryan P.; Johnson, Mark A.] Yale Univ, Dept Chem, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
RP Viggiano, AA (reprint author), USAF, Space Vehicles Directorate, Res Lab, 29 Randolph Rd, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
EM afrl.rvb.pa@hanscom.af.mil
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research; Institute for Scientific
   Research of Boston College [FA8718-04-C-0055]; Air Force Summer Faculty
   Fellowship Program; European Office of Aerospace Research and
   Development [FA 8655-10-1-3057]
FX The AFRL authors are grateful for the support by the Air Force Office of
   Scientific Research of this work. N.E. acknowledges funding from the
   Institute for Scientific Research of Boston College (FA8718-04-C-0055)
   and the Air Force Summer Faculty Fellowship Program. Financial support
   by the European Office of Aerospace Research and Development (Grant
   Award No FA 8655-10-1-3057) is also gratefully acknowledged.
NR 28
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 2
U2 15
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1089-5639
J9 J PHYS CHEM A
JI J. Phys. Chem. A
PD JUL 7
PY 2011
VL 115
IS 26
BP 7582
EP 7590
DI 10.1021/jp2032803
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 786CQ
UT WOS:000292281300022
PM 21591810
ER

PT J
AU Nepal, D
   Minus, ML
   Kumar, S
AF Nepal, Dhriti
   Minus, Marilyn L.
   Kumar, Satish
TI Lysozyme Coated DNA and DNA/SWNT Fibers by Solution Spinning
SO MACROMOLECULAR BIOSCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE antimicrobial; DNA; fibers; lysozyme; gels; single-wall carbon nanotubes
ID LIQUID-CRYSTALLINE PHASE; WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES;
   DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC-ACID; CONDENSATION; DISPERSION; NANOPARTICLES;
   BIOSENSORS; PROTEINS; WATER; SPUN
AB DNA fibers were prepared by solution spinning of DNA in a lysozyme (LSZ) coagulation/gelation bath. Strong positive charges carried by LSZ protein condensed the DNA (strong negative charged) molecules resulting in self-assembly and the formation of fibrillar structures in a gel-like network. DNA/LSZ fibril formation was found to be dependent on the ratio of DNA to LSZ. A minimum 0.1 wt.-% of LSZ was necessary to condense 0.1 wt.-% of DNA into micro-fibrils. Macroscopic fiber spinning was possible by introducing a 0.1 wt.-% DNA aqueous solution into a 0.2 wt.-% LSZ coagulation bath which resulted in fibers with approximate to 20 mu m diameter. Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT) were also incorporated into these fibers to explore the possibility for creating hybrid materials. All DNA-based fibers exhibit strong birefringence confirming molecular orientation along the fiber axis. Due to the presence of LSZ, the fibers exhibit antimicrobial activity against bacteria like Micrococcus lysodeikticus.
C1 [Nepal, Dhriti; Minus, Marilyn L.; Kumar, Satish] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
RP Nepal, D (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Dayton, OH USA.
EM satish.kumar@gatech.edu
RI Kumar, Satish/F-7308-2011
FU National Science Foundation [CMMI-0826221]; Air Force Office of
   Scientific Research
FX Funding from National Science Foundation (CMMI-0826221) and Air Force
   Office of Scientific Research is gratefully acknowledged. Authors would
   like to thank Dr. Irena Mamajanova and Professor Nicholas V. Hud for
   allowing us to use CD spectrum and Professor Kurt E. Pennell for UV-Vis
   spectroscopy.
NR 56
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 17
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1616-5187
J9 MACROMOL BIOSCI
JI Macromol. Biosci.
PD JUL 7
PY 2011
VL 11
IS 7
BP 875
EP 881
DI 10.1002/mabi.201000490
PG 7
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Materials Science, Biomaterials;
   Polymer Science
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Materials Science; Polymer Science
GA 789UD
UT WOS:000292540900002
PM 21472979
ER

PT J
AU Basun, SA
   Cook, G
   Reshetnyak, VY
   Glushchenko, AV
   Evans, DR
AF Basun, S. A.
   Cook, G.
   Reshetnyak, V. Yu.
   Glushchenko, A. V.
   Evans, D. R.
TI Dipole moment and spontaneous polarization of ferroelectric
   nanoparticles in a nonpolar fluid suspension
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID PHASE-TRANSITION; BARIUM-TITANATE; SURFACE; FILMS; LIGHT; SIZE
AB Stressed ferroelectric nanoparticles, less than 10 nm in diameter, are investigated in a nonpolar fluid. Measuring ferroelectric properties of the smallest achieved BaTiO3 ferroelectric nanoparticles allows for the determination of dipole moment and spontaneous polarization as a function of size and concentration; the results are significantly greater than in bulk BaTiO3. This is achieved by using a direct measurement of the displacement current density and either integrating over half a period or fitting the experimental results using the derivative of the Langevin function.
C1 [Basun, S. A.; Cook, G.; Evans, D. R.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Basun, S. A.] Universal Technol Corp, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
   [Cook, G.] Azimuth Corp, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
   [Reshetnyak, V. Yu.] Natl Taras Shevchenko Univ Kyiv, UA-01601 Kiev, Ukraine.
   [Glushchenko, A. V.] Univ Colorado, Colorado Springs, CO 80918 USA.
RP Evans, DR (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM dean.evans@wpafb.af.mil
RI Reshetnyak, Victor/B-6722-2008
OI Reshetnyak, Victor/0000-0003-0515-9814
FU AFOSR/RSA; STCU (Ukraine) [5205]; EOARD [078001]
FX The authors acknowledge the support of AFOSR/RSA. V. Reshetnyak
   acknowledges support of STCU (Ukraine) Grant No. 5205, and EOARD grant
   no. 078001. We are grateful to our colleague Igor Pinkevych (Kiev,
   Ukraine) for useful discussions.
NR 32
TC 26
Z9 26
U1 0
U2 14
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9950
EI 2469-9969
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD JUL 5
PY 2011
VL 84
IS 2
AR 024105
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.84.024105
PG 8
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 787NQ
UT WOS:000292384100004
ER

PT J
AU Hardie, RC
   LeMaster, DA
   Ratliff, BM
AF Hardie, Russell C.
   LeMaster, Daniel A.
   Ratliff, Bradley M.
TI Super-resolution for imagery from integrated microgrid polarimeters
SO OPTICS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
ID RECONSTRUCTION; SEQUENCE
AB Imagery from microgrid polarimeters is obtained by using a mosaic of pixel-wise micropolarizers on a focal plane array (FPA). Each distinct polarization image is obtained by subsampling the full FPA image. Thus, the effective pixel pitch for each polarization channel is increased and the sampling frequency is decreased. As a result, aliasing artifacts from such undersampling can corrupt the true polarization content of the scene. Here we present the first multi-channel multi-frame super-resolution (SR) algorithms designed specifically for the problem of image restoration in microgrid polarization imagers. These SR algorithms can be used to address aliasing and other degradations, without sacrificing field of view or compromising optical resolution with an anti-aliasing filter. The new SR methods are designed to exploit correlation between the polarimetric channels. One of the new SR algorithms uses a form of regularized least squares and has an iterative solution. The other is based on the faster adaptive Wiener filter SR method. We demonstrate that the new multi-channel SR algorithms are capable of providing significant enhancement of polarimetric imagery and that they outperform their independent channel counterparts. (C) 2011 Optical Society of America
C1 [Hardie, Russell C.] Univ Dayton, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Dayton, OH 45459 USA.
   [LeMaster, Daniel A.] USAF, Res Lab, AFRL RYMT, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Ratliff, Bradley M.] Space Comp Corp, Beavercreek, OH 45431 USA.
RP Hardie, RC (reprint author), Univ Dayton, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 300 Coll Pk, Dayton, OH 45459 USA.
EM rhardie@udayton.edu
FU AFRL [FA8650-10-7028]
FX This work was sponsored under AFRL contract FA8650-10-7028. The authors
   would like to thank Dr. Kenneth Barnard at AFRL for assisting in getting
   this project underway. We would also like to thank Ernie Atkins at DRS
   Sensors and Tracking for providing the LWIR data. Finally, thanks to
   Charles LaCasse for providing the MATLAB implementation of the Tyo et al
   polarimetric demosaicing algorithm used here.
NR 16
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 8
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1094-4087
J9 OPT EXPRESS
JI Opt. Express
PD JUL 4
PY 2011
VL 19
IS 14
BP 12937
EP 12960
DI 10.1364/OE.19.012937
PG 24
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 794DU
UT WOS:000292876500054
PM 21747446
ER

PT J
AU Chen, CH
   Knutson, SJ
   Shen, Y
   Wheeler, RA
   Horwath, JC
   Barnes, PN
AF Chen, C. H.
   Knutson, S. J.
   Shen, Y.
   Wheeler, R. A.
   Horwath, J. C.
   Barnes, P. N.
TI The effect of particle size on coercivity and crystallinity of SmCo5
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID PERMANENT-MAGNETS; ENERGY PRODUCT
AB It is observed a turning point in the particle size for which the coercivity H-ci of a Sm-Co alloy reaches a peak. Using a broad size range from 20 nm to 5 mm, the turning point of the flake thickness for SmCo5 nanoflakes is determined in the range of 100-180 nm with H-ci peak at similar to 20 kOe. A lower coercivity at a particle size well below the turning point is likely related to a more detailed nanoscale morphology that controls coercivity. The effect of particle size on crystallinity for high energy milled powder is also discussed with four observations. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3607958]
C1 [Chen, C. H.; Knutson, S. J.; Shen, Y.] Univ Dayton, UDRI, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
   [Chen, C. H.] GE Global Res, Niskayuna, NY 12309 USA.
   [Wheeler, R. A.] UES Inc, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
   [Horwath, J. C.; Barnes, P. N.] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Barnes, P. N.] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA.
RP Chen, CH (reprint author), Univ Dayton, UDRI, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
EM christina.h.chen@gmail.com
FU U.S. Air Force; DOE
FX This research was supported by the U.S. Air Force and DOEs ARPA-E
   program.
NR 17
TC 26
Z9 26
U1 3
U2 33
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
   MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD JUL 4
PY 2011
VL 99
IS 1
AR 012504
DI 10.1063/1.3607958
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 791CN
UT WOS:000292639200045
ER

PT J
AU Sun, S
   Ang, LK
   Shiffler, D
   Luginsland, JW
AF Sun, S.
   Ang, L. K.
   Shiffler, D.
   Luginsland, J. W.
TI Klein tunnelling model of low energy electron field emission from
   single-layer graphene sheet
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID EQUATION; FILMS; DIRAC
AB By considering the effect of Klein tunneling for low energy electrons with linear energy dispersion, a model has been constructed to calculate the amount of emitted line current density from a single-layer graphene sheet, which is vertically aligned inside a dc gap. It is found that the current-voltage scaling obtained from the constructed Klein tunneling model is very different from the traditional field emission model based on the Fowler-Nordheim (FN) law. Under the same geometrical field enhancement factor, our model predicts a much higher emitted current as compared to the FN law at low voltages. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3609781]
C1 [Sun, S.; Ang, L. K.] Nanyang Technol Univ, Sch Elect & Elect Engn, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
   [Shiffler, D.] USAF, Res Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA.
   [Luginsland, J. W.] USAF, Off Sci Res, Arlington, VA 22203 USA.
RP Ang, LK (reprint author), Nanyang Technol Univ, Sch Elect & Elect Engn, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
EM elkang@ntu.edu.sg
RI ANG, Lay Kee/F-8115-2015; 
OI ANG, Lay Kee/0000-0003-2811-1194; Sun, Song/0000-0003-2382-6481
FU Singapore MOE [2008-T2-01-033]; USA AOARD [10-4110]
FX This work was supported by a Singapore MOE grant (2008-T2-01-033), USA
   AOARD grant (10-4110).
NR 22
TC 17
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 19
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
   MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD JUL 4
PY 2011
VL 99
IS 1
AR 013112
DI 10.1063/1.3609781
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 791CN
UT WOS:000292639200063
ER

PT J
AU Boston, J
   Swenson, E
   Kunz, D
   Yu, WB
   Blair, M
AF Boston, Jonathan
   Swenson, Eric
   Kunz, Donald
   Yu, Wenbin
   Blair, Maxwell
TI Experiments with Geometric Nonlinear Coupling for Analytical Validation
SO JOURNAL OF AIRCRAFT
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 51st AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics, and
   Materials Conference
CY APR 12-15, 2010
CL Orlando, FL
SP AIAA, AHS, ASME, ASC, ASCE, US Off Naval Res (ONR), US Air Force Off Sci Res
ID OPTIMIZATION; BEAMS
AB This study was focused on obtaining accurate experimental data for the validation of the geometrically exact beam theory from a series of experiments in which high-quality surface shape and deflection data were collected. Many previous experiments have experienced issues with data collection or test articles, which the researchers were unable to overcome. This test program was performed in two stages: qualification and joined wing. The qualification stage validated the experimental procedures on a simple 72-in.-long aluminum beam with 8 in. x 0.5 in. cross section. The joined-wing stage was the primary experiment focused on obtaining quality data for use in validation, and each joined-wing test article had an overall length of 57 in. The fore wing segment was designed with a chord of 8 in. and a thickness of 0.5 in.; the aft wing segment was designed with a chord of 6 in. and a thickness of 0.5 in. These dimensions were chosen so the joined-wing test article produced nonlinear bend twist coupling before permanent deformation. Bend twist coupling in a solid cross-section aluminum joined-wing test article was successfully captured with surface shape, deflection points, and strain data.
C1 [Boston, Jonathan; Swenson, Eric; Kunz, Donald] USAF, Inst Technol, AFIT ENY, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Yu, Wenbin] Utah State Univ, UMC 4130, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
   [Blair, Maxwell] USAF, Res Lab, AFRL VASA, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Boston, J (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, AFIT ENY, 2950 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RI Yu, Wenbin/B-1916-2009
NR 19
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0021-8669
J9 J AIRCRAFT
JI J. Aircr.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2011
VL 48
IS 4
BP 1136
EP 1146
DI 10.2514/1.C031033
PG 11
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 807EI
UT WOS:000293876700003
ER

PT J
AU Stanford, B
   Beran, P
AF Stanford, Bret
   Beran, Philip
TI Optimal Structural Topology of a Platelike Wing for Subsonic Aeroelastic
   Stability
SO JOURNAL OF AIRCRAFT
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 51st AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics, and
   Materials Conference
CY APR 10-15, 2010
CL Orlando, FL
SP AIAA, AHS, ASME, ASC, ASCE, US Off Naval Res (ONR), US AF Off Sci Res
ID OPTIMIZATION; DESIGN; BIFURCATION; FLUTTER; PREDICTION; AIRFOIL
AB This paper discusses the construction of a Pareto tradeoff curve between the flight speed at which a platelike wing encounters an aeroelastic stability and the weight of that wing. The thickness of each finite element is used as a design variable in order to locate the optimal topological reinforcement as a function of the desired location along the Pareto front, as well as the planform of the wing. Three main challenges are addressed. First, the destabilizing flight speed must be located in an accurate and efficient manner. Second, the derivative of the flight speed with respect to a large number of thickness design variables must be computed analytically. Finally, the gradient-based optimization must contend with a discontinuous switch in the critical aeroelastic mode, slowing convergence.
C1 [Stanford, Bret; Beran, Philip] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Stanford, B (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM bret.stanford@wpafb.af.mil; philip.beran@wpafb.af.mil
NR 26
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0021-8669
J9 J AIRCRAFT
JI J. Aircr.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2011
VL 48
IS 4
BP 1193
EP 1203
DI 10.2514/1.C031185
PG 11
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 807EI
UT WOS:000293876700008
ER

PT J
AU Gyllenskog, J
   Ladani, LJ
AF Gyllenskog, James
   Ladani, Leila J.
TI Fatigue Crack Initiation and Propagation in Aileron Lever Using
   Successive-Initiation Modeling Approach
SO JOURNAL OF AIRCRAFT
LA English
DT Article
ID CONTINUOUS DAMAGE MECHANICS
AB Crack initiation and propagation due to cyclic mechanical fatigue damage in the T-38 aileron lever is modeled using a continuum damage modeling approach in conjunction with a "successive-initiation" technique. Successive initiation is a continuum-based damage-propagation methodology that is based on updating the state of damage in material and accumulating damage in individual elements according to their stress-life history. The elements are eliminated from the structure if they exceed the defined damage threshold. In contrast to available fracture-mechanics approaches, this method does not require an initial crack and is capable of determining the initiation site. The model is used to predict the number of cycles to crack initiation and propagation to critical size. This approach successfully predicts the location of crack initiation, propagation path and propagation rate. Field data and experimental observations of the cracks correlated very well with finite element results. Probability design approach using a Monte Carlo simulation is used to determine the sensitivity of fatigue-life response to variation in load and mechanical-property inputs. As expected, the most important parameter was found to be the damage exponent. A sensitivity study was conducted without damage parameters as input variables. The results of this study show that load variations are more important than material-property variations.
C1 [Ladani, Leila J.] Univ Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
   [Gyllenskog, James] USAF, Aircraft Struct Integr Branch T 38, Hill Air Force Base, UT 84056 USA.
RP Ladani, LJ (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
EM james.gyllenskog@hill.af.mil; lladani@eng.ua.edu
FU Mechanical Systems Engineering Branch at Hill Air Force Base, Utah
FX This work has been made possible by the support of the Mechanical
   Systems Engineering Branch at Hill Air Force Base, Utah. The author
   would also like to thank the Hill Air Force Base Materials Laboratory
   and Southwest Research Institute for the information provided through
   their reports.
NR 17
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0021-8669
J9 J AIRCRAFT
JI J. Aircr.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2011
VL 48
IS 4
BP 1387
EP 1395
DI 10.2514/1.C031297
PG 9
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 807EI
UT WOS:000293876700029
ER

PT J
AU Hagen, JA
   Kim, SN
   Bayraktaroglu, B
   Leedy, K
   Chavez, JL
   Kelley-Loughnane, N
   Naik, RR
   Stone, MO
AF Hagen, Joshua A.
   Kim, Sang N.
   Bayraktaroglu, Burhan
   Leedy, Kevin
   Chavez, Jorge L.
   Kelley-Loughnane, Nancy
   Naik, Rajesh R.
   Stone, Morley O.
TI Biofunctionalized Zinc Oxide Field Effect Transistors for Selective
   Sensing of Riboflavin with Current Modulation
SO SENSORS
LA English
DT Article
DE aptamer; biomolecular detection; ZnO-FET; sensor; riboflavin;
   selectivity; label-free; biofunctionalization
ID CARBON NANOTUBE DEVICES; CONDUCTING POLYMERS; LABEL-FREE; RECOGNITION
   ELEMENTS; NANOWIRE NANOSENSORS; CHEMICAL SENSORS; BLOOD-SERUM; FET
   SENSOR; BIOSENSORS; DNA
AB Zinc oxide field effect transistors (ZnO-FET), covalently functionalized with single stranded DNA aptamers, provide a highly selective platform for label-free small molecule sensing. The nanostructured surface morphology of ZnO provides high sensitivity and room temperature deposition allows for a wide array of substrate types. Herein we demonstrate the selective detection of riboflavin down to the pM level in aqueous solution using the negative electrical current response of the ZnO-FET by covalently attaching a riboflavin binding aptamer to the surface. The response of the biofunctionalized ZnO-FET was tuned by attaching a redox tag (ferrocene) to the 3' terminus of the aptamer, resulting in positive current modulation upon exposure to riboflavin down to pM levels.
C1 [Hagen, Joshua A.; Chavez, Jorge L.; Kelley-Loughnane, Nancy; Stone, Morley O.] USAF, Human Effectiveness Directorate, Res Labs, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Kim, Sang N.; Naik, Rajesh R.] USAF, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Res Labs, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Bayraktaroglu, Burhan; Leedy, Kevin] USAF, Sensors Directorate, Res Labs, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Hagen, JA (reprint author), USAF, Human Effectiveness Directorate, Res Labs, 711th Human Performance Wing, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM Joshua.Hagen@wpafb.af.mil; SangNyon.Kim.ctr@wpafb.af.mil;
   Burhan.Bayraktaroglu@wpafb.af.mil; Kevin.Leedy@wpafb.af.mil;
   Jorge.ChavezBenavides.ctr.per@wpafb.af.mil;
   Nancy.Kelley-Loughnane@wpafb.af.mil; Rajesh.Naik@wpafb.af.mil;
   Morley.Stone@wpafb.af.mil
FU Air Force Research Labs; Bio-X Strategic Technology Thrust; Materials
   and Manufacturing and Human Effectiveness Directorates
FX The authors would like to thank the Air Force Research Labs, Bio-X
   Strategic Technology Thrust, and the Nanostructured and Biological
   Materials for Electronic, Optical, and Mechanical Devices program in the
   Materials and Manufacturing and Human Effectiveness Directorates for
   funding.
NR 37
TC 25
Z9 27
U1 9
U2 53
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 1424-8220
J9 SENSORS-BASEL
JI Sensors
PD JUL
PY 2011
VL 11
IS 7
BP 6645
EP 6655
DI 10.3390/s110706645
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA 796RK
UT WOS:000293069200010
PM 22163977
ER

PT J
AU Fok, MC
   Glocer, A
   Zheng, Q
   Horne, RB
   Meredith, NP
   Albert, JM
   Nagai, T
AF Fok, M. -C.
   Glocer, A.
   Zheng, Q.
   Horne, R. B.
   Meredith, N. P.
   Albert, J. M.
   Nagai, T.
TI Recent developments in the radiation belt environment model
SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND SOLAR-TERRESTRIAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Radiation belts; Storm and substorm; Wave-particle interactions; Space
   weather
ID PITCH-ANGLE DIFFUSION; ION-CYCLOTRON WAVES; RELATIVISTIC ELECTRONS; RING
   CURRENT; GEOMAGNETIC STORMS; SUBSTORM DIPOLARIZATION; INNER
   MAGNETOSPHERE; MAGNETIC STORMS; LOSS MECHANISMS; SOLAR-WIND
AB The fluxes of energetic particles in the radiation belts are found to be strongly controlled by the solar wind conditions. In order to understand and predict the radiation particle intensities, we have developed a physics-based Radiation Belt Environment (RBE) model that considers the influences from the solar wind, ring current and plasmasphere. Recently, an improved calculation of wave-particle interactions has been incorporated. In particular, the model now includes cross diffusion in energy and pitch-angle. We find that the exclusion of cross diffusion could cause significant overestimation of electron flux enhancement during storm recovery. The RBE model is also connected to MHD fields so that the response of the radiation belts to fast variations in the global magnetosphere can be studied. We are able to reproduce the rapid flux increase during a substorm dipolarization on 4 September 2008. The timing is much shorter than the time scale of wave associated acceleration. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Fok, M. -C.; Glocer, A.; Zheng, Q.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Geospace Phys Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
   [Zheng, Q.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
   [Horne, R. B.; Meredith, N. P.] British Antarctic Survey, Div Phys Sci, Cambridge CB3 0ET, England.
   [Albert, J. M.] USAF, Res Lab, Hanscom AFB, MA USA.
   [Nagai, T.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Tokyo 152, Japan.
RP Fok, MC (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Geospace Phys Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM mei-ching.h.fok@nasa.gov
RI Glocer, Alex/C-9512-2012; Fok, Mei-Ching/D-1626-2012; 
OI Glocer, Alex/0000-0001-9843-9094; Albert, Jay/0000-0001-9494-7630;
   Meredith, Nigel/0000-0001-5032-3463; Horne, Richard/0000-0002-0412-6407
FU NASA Science Mission Directorate, Heliophysics Division
   [936723.02.01.06.78, 936723.02.01.01.27]
FX This research was supported by NASA Science Mission Directorate,
   Heliophysics Division, Living With a Star Targeted Research and
   Technology Program, under Work Breakdown Structures: 936723.02.01.06.78
   and 936723.02.01.01.27.
NR 69
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 3
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1364-6826
EI 1879-1824
J9 J ATMOS SOL-TERR PHY
JI J. Atmos. Sol.-Terr. Phys.
PD JUL
PY 2011
VL 73
IS 11-12
SI SI
BP 1435
EP 1443
DI 10.1016/j.jastp.2010.09.033
PG 9
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 809YV
UT WOS:000294093500019
ER

PT J
AU Reeves, WK
   Adler, PH
AF Reeves, Will K.
   Adler, Peter H.
TI COLONIZATION OF PACIFIC ISLANDS BY BLACK FLIES (DIPTERA: SIMULIIDAE)
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
LA English
DT Article
DE adventive species; dispersal; distributions; Guam; new record; Okinawa;
   Simulium aureohirtum
ID SUBGENUS INSELIELLUM DIPTERA; THAILAND
AB Surveys of black flies on four Pacific islands revealed four species on Okinawa, two on Guam, and none on Rota or Saipan. Simulium aureohirtum Brunetti represents a new record for Guam and the only black fly that is not precinctive to Oceania. The banding patterns of the larval polytene chromosomes of this species are identical among populations from Guam, Okinawa, and Thailand, suggesting that the insular colonizations might be recent.
C1 [Reeves, Will K.] USAF, Sch Aerosp Med USAFSAM PHR, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Adler, Peter H.] Clemson Univ, Dept Entomol Soils & Plant Sci, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.
RP Reeves, WK (reprint author), USAF, Sch Aerosp Med USAFSAM PHR, 2947 5th St, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM wkreeves@gmail.com; padler@clemson.edu
FU National Science Foundation [DEB-0933218]; NIFA/USDA [SC-1700276]
FX This work was funded, in part, by National Science Foundation grant
   DEB-0933218. This is Technical Contribution No. 5896 of the Clemson
   University Experiment Station and is based, in part, on work supported
   by NIFA/USDA, under project number SC-1700276. We thank J. Hertz, D.
   Smith, W. Walker, S. Wolf, R. Champion, T. Gutierrez, and R. Rabago for
   assistance with field work and M. Reeves for assistance with Japanese
   translation and fieldwork. The views expressed in this article are those
   of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the
   Department of the Air Force, the Department of Defense, or the U.S.
   Government. Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release;
   distribution is unlimited. 88ABW-2011-2322, 28 APR 11.
NR 23
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 1
PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON
PI WASHINGTON
PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA
SN 0013-8797
J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH
JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash.
PD JUL
PY 2011
VL 113
IS 3
BP 371
EP 376
DI 10.4289/0013-8797.113.3.371
PG 6
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 810RT
UT WOS:000294145500008
ER

PT J
AU Bebarta, VS
   Lairet, J
   Dixon, P
   Bourdreau, S
   Vargas, T
   Tanen, D
AF Bebarta, Vikhyat S.
   Lairet, Julio
   Dixon, Patricia
   Bourdreau, Susan
   Vargas, Toni
   Tanen, David
TI INTRAOSSEOUS HYDROXOCOBALAMIN VERSUS INTRAMUSCULAR HYDROXYLAMINE IN A
   VALIDATED SWINE MODEL OF ACUTE CYANIDE TOXICITY AND SHOCK
SO CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Dixon, Patricia] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Clin Res Div, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA.
   [Tanen, David] USN, Med Ctr San Diego, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
   [Bebarta, Vikhyat S.; Lairet, Julio; Bourdreau, Susan; Vargas, Toni] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA.
RI Bebarta, Vikhyat/M-1513-2015
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE
PI NEW YORK
PA 52 VANDERBILT AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 1556-3650
J9 CLIN TOXICOL
JI Clin. Toxicol.
PD JUL
PY 2011
VL 49
IS 6
MA 7
BP 517
EP 517
PG 1
WC Toxicology
SC Toxicology
GA 804YS
UT WOS:000293692600024
ER

PT J
AU Li, Y
   Shore, RA
AF Li, Yang
   Shore, Robert A.
TI Traveling Waves on Three-Dimensional Periodic Arrays of Two Different
   Alternating Magnetodielectric Spheres (vol 57, pg 3077, 2009)
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION
LA English
DT Correction
C1 [Li, Yang] Iowa State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
   [Li, Yang] Iowa State Univ, Ctr Nondestruct Evaluat, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
   [Shore, Robert A.] USAF, Res Lab RYHA, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
RP Li, Y (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
EM 20002000.leon@gmail.com; rashore1@yahoo.com
RI Li, Yang/D-7519-2017
OI Li, Yang/0000-0002-2146-6155
NR 3
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-926X
J9 IEEE T ANTENN PROPAG
JI IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag.
PD JUL
PY 2011
VL 59
IS 7
BP 2753
EP 2754
DI 10.1109/TAP.2011.2152355
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA 801ME
UT WOS:000293442200043
ER

PT J
AU Geis, JP
   Parnell, GS
   Newton, H
   Bresnick, T
AF Geis, John P., II
   Parnell, Gregory S.
   Newton, Harry
   Bresnick, Terry
TI Blue Horizons Study Assesses Future Capabilities and Technologies for
   the United States Air Force
SO INTERFACES
LA English
DT Article
DE defense; decision analysis; multiple criteria; research and development;
   technology; uncertainty; scenarios
AB The purpose of the Blue Horizons study was to determine the capabilities and technologies in which the United States Air Force would need to invest to maintain dominant air, space, and cyberspace capabilities in the year 2030. The study used two methodologies, scenario analysis and multiobjective decision analysis, to evaluate 58 future-system concepts and 172 key enabling technologies. The paper outlines the study's key conclusions and recommendations to the Air Force, including recommendations on how future concepts and technologies would help it to prepare for disparate potential challenges, such as rising peer competitors, the problem of failed states, and continued insurgencies in far-flung parts of the world.
C1 [Geis, John P., II] Univ Air, USAF, Ctr Strategy & Technol, Maxwell AFB, AL 36112 USA.
   [Parnell, Gregory S.] US Mil Acad, Dept Syst Engn, West Point, NY 10996 USA.
   [Parnell, Gregory S.; Newton, Harry; Bresnick, Terry] Innovat Decis Inc, Vienna, VA 22182 USA.
RP Geis, JP (reprint author), Univ Air, USAF, Ctr Strategy & Technol, Maxwell AFB, AL 36112 USA.
EM john.geis@maxwell.af.mil; gregory.parnell@usma.edu;
   harry.newton@innovativedecisions.com; tabresnick@innovativedecisions.com
NR 20
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 3
PU INFORMS
PI HANOVER
PA 7240 PARKWAY DR, STE 310, HANOVER, MD 21076-1344 USA
SN 0092-2102
J9 INTERFACES
JI Interfaces
PD JUL
PY 2011
VL 41
IS 4
BP 338
EP 353
DI 10.1287/inte.1110.0556
PG 16
WC Management; Operations Research & Management Science
SC Business & Economics; Operations Research & Management Science
GA 807JW
UT WOS:000293894400002
ER

PT J
AU Hengeveld, DW
   Braun, JE
   Groll, EA
   Williams, AD
AF Hengeveld, Derek W.
   Braun, James E.
   Groll, Eckhard A.
   Williams, Andrew D.
TI Optimal Placement of Electronic Components to Minimize Heat Flux
   Nonuniformities
SO JOURNAL OF SPACECRAFT AND ROCKETS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 5th AIAA Multidisciplinary Design Optimization Specialist Conference
CY MAY 04-07, 2009
CL Palm Springs, CA
SP AIAA
ID ORTHOGONAL PACKING PROBLEM; HYBRID GENETIC ALGORITHM; PRINTED-CIRCUIT
   BOARDS; UNEQUAL CIRCLES; OPTIMIZATION; CONTAINER; LARGER
AB Isothermalization of satellite panels contributes positively to system thermal performance. Although technology innovations provide one solution path, an alternative method that has not received much attention is simply optimized component placement. The present approach provides a fast method for determining optimized component placement over a rectangular surface that approaches a uniform distribution of heat flux. The approach presented in this paper is especially useful in situations in which limited or no thermophysical properties and/or environmental conditions are readily available. The resulting methodology can be used in a variety of industries, including microelectronics and satellite development. A companion Technical Note (Hengeveld, D., Braun, J., Groll, E., and Williams, A., "Optimal Distribution of Electronic Components to Balance Environmental Fluxes," Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets, Vol. 484, 2011, pp. 694-697. doi:10.2514/1.51063) addresses the problem of distributing individual components to individual panels of a satellite. When combined, the two methodologies provide an overall approach for minimizing temperature distribution across an entire satellite structure.
C1 [Hengeveld, Derek W.] LoadPath, Albuquerque, NM 87108 USA.
   [Braun, James E.; Groll, Eckhard A.] Purdue Univ, Sch Mech Engn, Ray W Herrick Labs, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
   [Williams, Andrew D.] USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA.
RP Hengeveld, DW (reprint author), LoadPath, 933 San Mateo NE,Suite 500-326, Albuquerque, NM 87108 USA.
NR 29
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0022-4650
J9 J SPACECRAFT ROCKETS
JI J. Spacecr. Rockets
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2011
VL 48
IS 4
BP 556
EP 563
DI 10.2514/1.47507
PG 8
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 804UM
UT WOS:000293679500002
ER

PT J
AU Liu, YT
   Kim, SB
   Chattopadhyay, A
   Doyle, D
AF Liu, Yingtao
   Kim, Seung Bum
   Chattopadhyay, Aditi
   Doyle, Derek
TI Application of System-Identification Techniques to Health Monitoring of
   On-Orbit Satellite Boom Structures
SO JOURNAL OF SPACECRAFT AND ROCKETS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 51st AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics, and
   Materials Conference
CY APR 12-15, 2010
CL Orlando, FL
SP AIAA, AHS, ASME, ASC, ASCE, US Off Naval Res (ONR), US Air Force Off Sci Res
ID ELASTIC-WAVE SPECTROSCOPY; DISCERN MATERIAL DAMAGE; NEWS TECHNIQUES;
   FAULT; ARX
AB The integration of composites into spacecraft is challenged by the risk of damage initiation and propagation during storage, launch, and service life. Elastically deployable composite booms are being developed for space utility. Matrix cracks are considered a primary form of damage caused by packaging before launch. However, while on orbit, most damages are induced by the environmental effects on the polymers. A well-developed structural health monitoring system will provide information for the dynamic control of the satellite and the condition of the deployable mechanisms on the space vehicle. A structural health monitoring methodology, based on the system-identification techniques, is proposed to identify the structural degradation in laminated composite booms. Nondestructive evaluation techniques, frequency-response analysis and autoregressive with exogenous input models are used to approximate the transfer functions between input and output sensing signals. Structural degradation is identified by examining the change of transfer functions at different storage states. A single-input/single-output approach is adopted in this paper. The proposed methodology is validated through experimentation in which matrix cracking is gradually induced by packaging the sample.
C1 [Liu, Yingtao; Kim, Seung Bum; Chattopadhyay, Aditi] Arizona State Univ, Sch Engn Matter Transport & Energy, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
   [Doyle, Derek] USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA.
RP Liu, YT (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Sch Engn Matter Transport & Energy, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
RI Liu, Yingtao/J-2454-2012; Liu, Yingtao/H-7375-2015
NR 22
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 1
U2 6
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0022-4650
J9 J SPACECRAFT ROCKETS
JI J. Spacecr. Rockets
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2011
VL 48
IS 4
BP 589
EP 598
DI 10.2514/1.51818
PG 10
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 804UM
UT WOS:000293679500006
ER

PT J
AU Hengeveld, DW
   Braun, JE
   Groll, EA
   Williams, AD
AF Hengeveld, Derek W.
   Braun, James E.
   Groll, Eckhard A.
   Williams, Andrew D.
TI Optimal Distribution of Electronic Components to Balance Environmental
   Fluxes
SO JOURNAL OF SPACECRAFT AND ROCKETS
LA English
DT Article
ID SATELLITE MODULE
C1 [Hengeveld, Derek W.] LoadPath, Albuquerque, NM 87108 USA.
   [Braun, James E.; Groll, Eckhard A.] Purdue Univ, Sch Mech Engn, Ray W Herrick Labs, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
   [Williams, Andrew D.] USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate AFRL RV, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA.
RP Hengeveld, DW (reprint author), LoadPath, 933 San Mateo NE,Suite 500-326, Albuquerque, NM 87108 USA.
NR 16
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 6
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0022-4650
J9 J SPACECRAFT ROCKETS
JI J. Spacecr. Rockets
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2011
VL 48
IS 4
BP 694
EP 697
DI 10.2514/1.51063
PG 4
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 804UM
UT WOS:000293679500017
ER

PT J
AU Blagoveshchenskaya, NF
   Borisova, TD
   Kornienko, VA
   Rietveld, MT
   Yeoman, TK
   Wright, DM
   Rother, M
   Luhr, H
   Mishin, EV
   Roth, C
   Frolov, VL
   Parrot, M
   Rauch, JL
AF Blagoveshchenskaya, N. F.
   Borisova, T. D.
   Kornienko, V. A.
   Rietveld, M. T.
   Yeoman, T. K.
   Wright, D. M.
   Rother, M.
   Luehr, H.
   Mishin, E. V.
   Roth, C.
   Frolov, V. L.
   Parrot, M.
   Rauch, J. L.
TI MODIFICATION OF THE HIGH-LATITUDE IONOSPHERE BY HIGH-POWER HF RADIO
   WAVES. 2. RESULTS OF COORDINATED SATELLITE AND GROUND-BASED OBSERVATIONS
SO RADIOPHYSICS AND QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
LA English
DT Article
ID MAGNETOSPHERE; ELECTROJET; TROMSO; PLASMA; EISCAT
AB We present the results of coordinated satellite and ground-based observations of the high-latitude ionospheric phenomena induced by high-power high-frequency (HF) radio waves. The ion outflow phenomenon accompanied by a strong increase in the electron temperature and thermal expansion of plasma was observed in the evening hours, when the high-latitude ionospheric F region was heated by high-power O-mode HF radio waves. The DMSP F15 satellite recorded an increase in the ion number density O+ at an altitide of about 850 km in that period. Ultralow-frequency (ULF) radiation at the modulation frequency 3 Hz of the high-power HF radio waves, which was generated in the ionosphere irradiated by high-power O-mode HF radio waves and accompanied by a strong increase in the electron temperature and the generation of artificial small-scale ionospheric irregularities, was recorded by the CHAMP satellite during the heating experiment in Tromso in November 5, 2009. The results of the DEMETER satellite observations of extremely low frequency (ELF) radiation at the modulation frequency 1178 Hz of the high-power radio waves in the heating experiments were analyzed using the event of March 3, 2009 as an example.
C1 [Blagoveshchenskaya, N. F.; Borisova, T. D.; Kornienko, V. A.] Arctic & Antarctic Res Inst, St Petersburg, Russia.
   [Rietveld, M. T.] EISCAT Sci Assoc, Ramfjordbotn, Norway.
   [Yeoman, T. K.; Wright, D. M.] Univ Leicester, Leicester, Leics, England.
   [Rother, M.; Luehr, H.] Geoforschungszentrum Potsdam, D-14473 Potsdam, Germany.
   [Mishin, E. V.] USAF, Res Lab, Hanscom AFB, MA USA.
   [Roth, C.] AER Inc, Lexington, MA USA.
   [Frolov, V. L.] Radiophys Res Inst, Nizhnii Novgorod, Russia.
   [Parrot, M.; Rauch, J. L.] Lab Phys & Chim Environm & Espace, Orleans, France.
RP Blagoveshchenskaya, NF (reprint author), Arctic & Antarctic Res Inst, St Petersburg, Russia.
EM nataly@aari.nw.ru
RI Yeoman, Timothy/L-9105-2014
OI Yeoman, Timothy/0000-0002-8434-4825
FU Science and Technology Council of Great Britain [PP/E007929/1,
   ST/H002480/1]; Meteorological Institute of Finland; Institute of Space
   Physics of Sweden; Federal Target Program "Geophysics"; Russian
   Foundation for Basic Research [07-05-00167a, 08-02-00171a]
FX The authors are grateful to the EISCAT collaborators for help with the
   the experiments in Tromso. The system of CUTLASS radars in Finland and
   Iceland was supported by the Science and Technology Council of Great
   Britain, project PP/E007929/1, the Meteorological Institute of Finland,
   and the Institute of Space Physics of Sweden. This work was supported in
   part by the Federal Target Program "Geophysics" and the Russian
   Foundation for Basic Research (project Nos. 07-05-00167a and
   08-02-00171a). Dr. T. K. Yeoman was supported by the Science and
   Technology Council of Great Britain (project No. ST/H002480/1).
NR 23
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 4
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0033-8443
EI 1573-9120
J9 RADIOPHYS QUANT EL+
JI Radiophys. Quantum Electron.
PD JUL
PY 2011
VL 54
IS 2
BP 89
EP 101
PG 13
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Physics
GA 801VB
UT WOS:000293467600002
ER

PT J
AU Aeby, CA
AF Aeby, Charles A.
TI Space Systems Survivability - The Protection Environment
SO IEEE AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS MAGAZINE
LA English
DT Article
AB The US military, civilian agencies, and commercial sectors of our economy are becoming increasingly dependent on space systems and their unique capabilities. The aspects of space systems which lend themselves to a concept of Global Virtual Presence also create requirements and technological challenges for protecting the space assets and assuring their operation in the presence of the natural and man-made space environments which can potentially degrade system performance or cause lifetime-limiting damage. This will discuss the ''protection environment," the process and methods used for determining protection needs, and the framework employed to identify potential protection solutions. The emphasis will be on the orbital segments of space systems.
   The determination of the protection needs for a particular space asset is governed by:
   1) The importance of the product delivered by the "system" to an end user and the criticality of the particular asset to the generation and delivery process;
   2) The characteristics of the operational environment within which the space asset functions and performs its mission; and
   3) The interactions of the spacecraft with the environment and the potential for unacceptable performance degradation or adverse mission impact
   The mission of the spacecraft and the design of the payload(s) and bus will define the technologies important to assessing environment and component interactions, attendant susceptibilities, and potential performance degradation. The characteristics of the operational environment (natural and man-made) with regard to intensity, temporal characteristics, orbital dependence, and other critical parameters will determine the nature and "severity" of the interactions, and the design-dependent coupling of effects throughout the spacecraft.
   Based on the determination of protection needs, the options for providing cost-effective, performance-compatible protection solutions are evaluated. Typically, the options fall into the broad categories of avoiding and/or reducing exposure of the mission-critical components to the environment, or withstanding/operating through the environment. Protection options include "system" architectures, constellation sizing and orbit configurations, responsive and adaptive solutions, and hardware/software adaptations. Some of the protection solutions for environments which adversely impact spacecraft performance are dependent on "sensing" the presence and characteristics of the environment, whether natural or man-made.
   Protection needs for military spacecraft can include the additional burden of hostile threats designed to deliberately degrade, damage, or otherwise limit the military effectiveness of the system. Hence, additional protection options and approaches beyond those employed for civil/commercial spacecraft are required.
C1 USAF, Res Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA.
RP Aeby, CA (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, 3550 Aberdeen Ave SE, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0885-8985
J9 IEEE AERO EL SYS MAG
JI IEEE Aerosp. Electron. Syst. Mag.
PD JUL
PY 2011
VL 26
IS 7
BP 37
EP 41
PG 5
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA 805EE
UT WOS:000293708400006
ER

PT J
AU Jung, BW
   Adve, RS
   Chun, J
   Wicks, MC
AF Jung, Byung Wook
   Adve, Raviraj S.
   Chun, Joohwan
   Wicks, Michael C.
TI Detection Performance using Frequency Diversity with Distributed Sensors
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
ID MULTISTATIC-RADAR; AIRBORNE RADAR; OPTIMUM
AB Detection using a frequency diverse (FD), distributed, radar system is investigated. Distributed sensing systems provide an inherent spatial diversity by viewing a potential target from different aspect angles. By using different frequencies at each platform, a diversity gain is obtained in addition to the advantages of spatial diversity while also avoiding mutual interference. Here, since platforms are distributed spatially, true time delay is used at each platform to align the sample look point in time. Data models for a distributed system with and without frequency diversity are developed. These models are used to analyze the corresponding signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) and probability of detection for the two cases in the context of space-time adaptive processing (STAP). The simulation results presented here illustrate the limitations imposed by mutual interference and the significant benefits of spatial and frequency diversity.
C1 [Jung, Byung Wook; Chun, Joohwan] Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Elect Engn, Taejon 305701, South Korea.
   [Adve, Raviraj S.] Univ Toronto, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Toronto, ON M5S 3G4, Canada.
   [Wicks, Michael C.] USAF, Res Lab, Rome, NY 13441 USA.
RP Jung, BW (reprint author), Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Elect Engn, 335 Gwahak Ro, Taejon 305701, South Korea.
EM rsadve@comm.utoronto.ca
RI Chung, Joohwan/C-2028-2011
FU Samsung Thales Co.
FX The work of B. W. Jung and J. Chun was supported under a contract from
   Samsung Thales Co.
NR 22
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 2
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-9251
J9 IEEE T AERO ELEC SYS
JI IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst.
PD JUL
PY 2011
VL 47
IS 3
BP 1800
EP 1813
PG 14
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic;
   Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA 801DR
UT WOS:000293417100019
ER

PT J
AU Wang, P
   Li, HB
   Himed, B
AF Wang, Pu
   Li, Hongbin
   Himed, Braham
TI Parametric Rao Tests for Multichannel Adaptive Detection in Partially
   Homogeneous Environment
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
ID COMPOUND-GAUSSIAN CLUTTER; DETECTION ALGORITHM; SIGNAL-DETECTION;
   MATCHED-FILTER; STAP TESTS; PERFORMANCE; GLRT; INTERFERENCE
AB This paper considers the problem of detecting a multichannel signal in partially homogeneous environments, where the disturbances in both test signal and training signals share the same covariance matrix up to an unknown power scaling factor. Two different parametric Rao tests, referred to as the normalized parametric Rao (NPRao) test and the scale-invariant parametric Rao (SI-PRao) test, respectively, are developed by modeling the disturbance as a multichannel autoregressive (AR) process. The NPRao and SI-PRao tests entail reduced training requirements and computational efficiency, compared with conventional fully adaptive, covariance matrix based solutions. The SI-PRao test attains asymptotically a constant false alarm rate (CFAR) that is independent of the covariance matrix and power scaling factor of the disturbance. Comparisons with the covariance matrix based, scale-invariant generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT), also known as the adaptive coherence estimator (ACE), are included. Numerical results show that the parametric Rao detectors, in particular the SI-PRao test, attain considerably better detection performance and use significantly less training than the ACE detector.
C1 [Wang, Pu; Li, Hongbin] Stevens Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA.
   [Himed, Braham] USAF, Res Lab, RYMD, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
RP Wang, P (reprint author), Stevens Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA.
EM hli@stevens.edu
RI Wang, Pu/I-7715-2012
FU Dynetics, Inc.; Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) [FA8650-08-D-1303]
FX This work was supported in part by a subcontract with Dynetics, Inc. for
   research sponsored by the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) under
   Contract FA8650-08-D-1303.
NR 30
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 5
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-9251
J9 IEEE T AERO ELEC SYS
JI IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst.
PD JUL
PY 2011
VL 47
IS 3
BP 1850
EP 1862
PG 13
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic;
   Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA 801DR
UT WOS:000293417100022
ER

PT J
AU Su, WF
   Lee, S
   Pados, DA
   Matyjas, JD
AF Su, Weifeng
   Lee, Sangkook
   Pados, Dimitris A.
   Matyjas, John D.
TI Optimal Power Assignment for Minimizing the Average Total Transmission
   Power in Hybrid-ARQ Rayleigh Fading Links
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Hybrid automatic-repeat-request (H-ARQ) protocol; optimum power
   allocation; outage probability; Rayleigh fading
ID CHANNELS; SCHEME
AB We address the fundamental problem of identifying the optimal power assignment sequence for hybrid automatic-repeat-request (H-ARQ) communications over quasi-static Rayleigh fading channels. For any targeted H-ARQ link outage probability, we find the sequence of power values that minimizes the average total expended transmission power. We first derive a set of equations that describe the optimal transmission power assignment and enable its exact recursive calculation. To reduce calculation complexity, we also develop an approximation to the optimal power sequence that is close to the numerically calculated exact result. The newly founded power allocation solution reveals that conventional equal-power H-ARQ assignment is far from optimal. For example, for targeted outage probability of 10(-3) with a maximum of two transmissions, the average total transmission power with the optimal assignment is 9 dB lower than the equal-power protocol. The difference in average total power cost grows further when the number of allowable retransmissions increases (for example, 11 dB gain with a cap of 5 transmissions) or the targeted outage probability decreases (27 dB gain with outage probability 10(-5) and transmissions capped at 5). Interestingly, the optimal transmission power assignment sequence is neither increasing nor decreasing; its form depends on given total power budget and targeted outage performance levels. Extensive numerical and simulation results are presented to illustrate the theoretical development.
C1 [Su, Weifeng; Lee, Sangkook; Pados, Dimitris A.] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Elect Engn, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.
   [Matyjas, John D.] USAF, Res Lab, RIGF, Rome, NY 13441 USA.
RP Su, WF (reprint author), SUNY Buffalo, Dept Elect Engn, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.
EM weifeng@buffalo.edu; sklee4@buffalo.edu; pados@buffalo.edu;
   John.Matyjas@rl.af.mil
FU U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory [FA87500810063]
FX This work was supported in part by the U.S. Air Force Research
   Laboratory under Grant FA87500810063. Approved for public release,
   distribution unlimited: 88ABW-2009-1294. This work was presented in part
   at the IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC), Cape Town,
   South Africa, May 2010.
NR 15
TC 33
Z9 33
U1 0
U2 5
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0090-6778
J9 IEEE T COMMUN
JI IEEE Trans. Commun.
PD JUL
PY 2011
VL 59
IS 7
BP 1867
EP 1877
DI 10.1109/TCOMM.2011.050911.090796
PG 11
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA 804ND
UT WOS:000293659600015
ER

PT J
AU Shepherd, MJ
   Cobb, RG
   Palazotto, AN
   Baker, WP
AF Shepherd, Michael J.
   Cobb, Richard G.
   Palazotto, Anthony N.
   Baker, William P.
TI Scaling Analyses for Large-Scale Space-Based Membrane Optics
SO AIAA JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 2007 IEEE Aerospace Conference
CY MAR 03-10, 2007
CL Big Sky, MT
SP IEEE, Panasonic, Aerosp Corp, IET, dSPACE, CALTECH, Amer Inst Aeronaut & Astronaut, ASES
ID PIEZOELECTRIC FLEXIBLE MIRROR; CURVATURE SMEC MIRRORS; DEFORMABLE
   MIRROR; STRETCHED MEMBRANE; TELESCOPES
AB To meet future requirements, space telescopes are envisioned to require primary mirrors that will be on the scale of >= 10 m in diameter. Packaging restrictions of current and foreseeable launch vehicles prohibit the use of a single rigid monolithic mirror of that size. Membrane-optics research seeks to create large-diameter apertures out of thin flexible filmlike reflective material. In this analysis, structures with embedded in-plane-actuated piezoelectric elements for active surface shape control were examined. By analyzing the nondimensional form of the governing differential equation, relative effects of linear and nonlinear terms are apparent. Then, through a series of MSC Nastran finite element models, scalahility issues are explored to include the effects of nonlinear terms, existing membrane pretension, and unimorph-versus-bimorph actuation. Results show that although small-scale (existing) test articles may respond in accordance with linear models, they may mask the nonlinear characteristics that dominate large full-scale membrane optics in the proposed applications.
C1 [Cobb, Richard G.; Palazotto, Anthony N.] USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Baker, William P.] USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Math & Stat, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Shepherd, MJ (reprint author), 412th Flight Test Squadron,300 E Yeager Blvd,Modu, Edwards AFB, CA 93525 USA.
EM michael.shepherd@edwards.af.mil; richard.cobb@afit.edu
NR 36
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0001-1452
J9 AIAA J
JI AIAA J.
PD JUL
PY 2011
VL 49
IS 7
BP 1313
EP 1323
DI 10.2514/1.45770
PG 11
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 797GW
UT WOS:000293113500001
ER

PT J
AU Font, GI
   Enloe, CL
   Newcomb, JY
   Teague, AL
   Vasso, AR
   McLaughlin, TE
AF Font, G. I.
   Enloe, C. L.
   Newcomb, J. Y.
   Teague, A. L.
   Vasso, A. R.
   McLaughlin, T. E.
TI Effects of Oxygen Content on Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma
   Actuator Behavior
SO AIAA JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 48th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting
CY JAN 04-07, 2010
CL Orlando, FL
SP AIAA
ID AIR-FLOW CONTROL
AB Atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge plasma actuators are experimentally investigated. The temporal force characteristics and dielectric surface charging are determined using interferometry and split electrode techniques. The experiments are conducted at atmospheric pressure in diminishing levels of oxygen content to investigate the effects of oxygen ions. The results show that the force production is dominated by oxygen ions down to a level of 2-5% oxygen content. Temporal force measurements show that the plasma accelerates the air twice during the bias cycle for all oxygen levels, including pure nitrogen. Surface charging measurements show that, for oxygen content levels above 5%, a positive voltage region builds up on the dielectric downstream of the actuator. In the absence of oxygen, no such buildup is observed. The temporal force production characteristics in the pure nitrogen discharge appear to be greatly affected by the dielectric surface charging. Finally, at a 20% oxygen content level, the majority of the force is produced by the actuator while the exposed electrode is negative. When all of the oxygen is removed, the majority of the force is produced while the exposed electrode is positive.
C1 [Font, G. I.; Enloe, C. L.; Newcomb, J. Y.; Teague, A. L.; Vasso, A. R.] USAF Acad, Dept Phys, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
   [McLaughlin, T. E.] USAF Acad, Dept Aeronaut, Aeronaut Res Ctr, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
RP Font, GI (reprint author), USAF Acad, Dept Phys, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
NR 18
TC 10
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0001-1452
J9 AIAA J
JI AIAA J.
PD JUL
PY 2011
VL 49
IS 7
BP 1366
EP 1373
DI 10.2514/1.J050450
PG 8
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 797GW
UT WOS:000293113500005
ER

PT J
AU McGowan, GZ
   Granlund, K
   Ol, MV
   Gopalarathnam, A
   Edwards, JR
AF McGowan, Gregory Z.
   Granlund, Kenneth
   Ol, Michael V.
   Gopalarathnam, Ashok
   Edwards, Jack R.
TI Investigations of Lift-Based Pitch-Plunge Equivalence for Airfoils at
   Low Reynolds Numbers
SO AIAA JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT AIAA 47th Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit
CY JAN 05-08, 2009
CL Orlando, FL
SP Amer Inst Aeronaut & Astronaut
AB The limits of linear superposition in two-dimensional high-rate low-Reynolds-number aerodynamics are examined by comparing the lift-coefficient history and flowfield evolution for airfoils undergoing harmonic motions in pure pitch, pure plunge, and pitch plunge combinations. Using quasi-steady airfoil theory and Theodorsen's formula as predictive tools, pitching motions are sought that produce lift histories identical to those of prescribed plunging motions. It follows that a suitable phasing of pitch and plunge in a combined motion should identically produce zero lift, canceling either the circulatory contribution (with quasi-steady theory) or the combination of circulatory and noncirculatory contributions (with Theodorsen's formula). Lift history is measured experimentally in a water tunnel using a force balance and is compared with two-dimensional Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes computations and Theodorsen's theory; computed vorticity contours are compared with dye injection in the water tunnel. Theodorsen's method evinces considerable, and perhaps surprising, resilience in finding pitch-to-plunge equivalence of lift-coefficient time history, despite its present application to cases in which its mathematical assumptions are demonstrably violated. A combination of pitch and plunge motions can be found such that net lift coefficient is nearly identically zero for arbitrarily high reduced frequency, provided that amplitude is small. Conversely, cancellation is possible at large motion amplitude, provided that reduced frequency is moderate. The product of Strouhal number and nondimensional amplitude is therefore suggested as the upper bound for when superposition and linear predictions remain valid in massively unsteady two-dimensional problems.
C1 [McGowan, Gregory Z.; Gopalarathnam, Ashok; Edwards, Jack R.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
   [Granlund, Kenneth; Ol, Michael V.] USAF, Res Lab, Air Vehicles Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP McGowan, GZ (reprint author), Corvid Technol, Mooresville, NC USA.
NR 21
TC 13
Z9 14
U1 1
U2 9
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0001-1452
J9 AIAA J
JI AIAA J.
PD JUL
PY 2011
VL 49
IS 7
BP 1511
EP 1524
DI 10.2514/1.J050924
PG 14
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 797GW
UT WOS:000293113500018
ER

PT J
AU Beachkofsky, TM
   Wisco, OJ
   Osswald, SS
   Hodson, DS
AF Beachkofsky, Thomas M.
   Wisco, Oliver J.
   Osswald, Sandra S.
   Hodson, Darryl S.
TI What Is Your Diagnosis? Labial Lichen Planus
SO CUTIS
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Beachkofsky, Thomas M.; Wisco, Oliver J.; Osswald, Sandra S.; Hodson, Darryl S.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX USA.
RP Beachkofsky, TM (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU QUADRANT HEALTHCOM INC
PI PARSIPPANY
PA 7 CENTURY DRIVE, STE 302, PARSIPPANY, NJ 07054-4603 USA
SN 0011-4162
J9 CUTIS
JI Cutis
PD JUL
PY 2011
VL 88
IS 1
BP 13
EP +
PG 8
WC Dermatology
SC Dermatology
GA 797TQ
UT WOS:000293153400003
PM 21877500
ER

PT J
AU Bolia, RS
   Slyh, RE
AF Bolia, Robert S.
   Slyh, Raymond E.
TI Representation and Comprehension in Machine Translation and Intelligent
   Decision Support
SO IEEE INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
ID CYC
C1 [Bolia, Robert S.] US Off Naval Res Global, Tokyo, Japan.
   [Slyh, Raymond E.] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Bolia, RS (reprint author), US Off Naval Res Global, Tokyo, Japan.
EM robert.bolia@onrg.navy.mil; r.slyh@ieee.org
NR 30
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC
PI LOS ALAMITOS
PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA
SN 1541-1672
J9 IEEE INTELL SYST
JI IEEE Intell. Syst.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2011
VL 26
IS 4
BP 40
EP 47
PG 8
WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical &
   Electronic
SC Computer Science; Engineering
GA 798ZL
UT WOS:000293251300019
ER

PT J
AU Mason, PE
   Eadie, JS
   Holder, AD
AF Mason, Phillip E.
   Eadie, James S.
   Holder, Allen D.
TI PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY OF UNITED STATES (US) AIR FORCE CRITICAL
   CARE AIR TRANSPORT TEAM OPERATIONS IN IRAQ
SO JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
DE military medicine; aeromedical transport; Iraq; transport medicine;
   critical care air transport
ID COMBAT CASUALTY CARE; AEROMEDICAL EVACUATION; EXPERIENCE; FREEDOM;
   AFGHANISTAN; INJURY; SYSTEM; ARMY
AB Background: Current United States (US) military doctrine emphasizes rapid evacuation of casualties to fixed medical facilities remote from the theater of war. To support this strategy, the Air Force has formed Critical Care Air Transport (CCAT) teams consisting of a physician, nurse, and respiratory therapist. Study Objective: To describe the characteristics of US Air Force CCAT team operations at Balad Air Base, Iraq over a 1-year period. Methods: Balad Air Base was the primary collection point in Iraq for patients requiring evacuation outside of the country during the study period. The study authors deployed sequentially to Balad Air Base as CCAT team leaders. All patients transported by the authors were enrolled in the study. Injuries, illnesses, demographics, and in-flight data were collected prospectively. Results: There were 133 patients transported on 61 separate flights between Iraq and Germany. Trauma was present in 65% (87/133) of all patients transported. Lower-extremity injuries were the most prevalent among combat-related trauma patients. Cardiac conditions were the most common diagnoses among the medical patients. Fifty-seven percent of patients were mechanically ventilated. Hypotension was the most common in-flight complication, occurring in 17% (22/133) of patients. No flights were diverted or turned back due to an unstable patient. No patient died during flight or in the 24 h after the flight. Conclusions: US Air Force CCAT teams can safely transport multiple critical patients over long distances while providing intensive care interventions. Medical patients make up over one-third of patients requiring CCAT team transport. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 [Mason, Phillip E.; Eadie, James S.; Holder, Allen D.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, San Antonio, TX USA.
RP Mason, PE (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Dept Crit Care Med, 3550 Terrace St, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA.
NR 17
TC 15
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0736-4679
J9 J EMERG MED
JI J. Emerg. Med.
PD JUL
PY 2011
VL 41
IS 1
BP 8
EP 13
DI 10.1016/j.jemermed.2008.06.032
PG 6
WC Emergency Medicine
SC Emergency Medicine
GA 798KB
UT WOS:000293203500002
PM 19062224
ER

PT J
AU Nakles, MR
   Hargus, WA
AF Nakles, Michael R.
   Hargus, William A., Jr.
TI Background Pressure Effects on Ion Velocity Distribution Within a
   Medium-Power Hall Thruster
SO JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE 44th Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibit
CY JUL 20-23, 2008
CL Hartford, CT
SP AIAA, ASME, SAE, ASEE
ID XENON
AB An experiment was conducted to study the effects of chamber background pressure on the ion axial velocity distribution within the acceleration channel and the near-field plume of a 600 W xenon Hall effect thruster. Ion velocity distributions were measured along the acceleration channel centerline from the near-anode region to 10 mm downstream of the exit plane using laser-induced fluorescence of the 5d[4](7/2) - 6p[3](5/2) xenon ion excited state transition. Measurements were taken at the lowest possible chamber background pressure (1.5 x 10(-5) torr) and a pressure that was a factor of 2 higher (3.0 x 10(-5) torr). In addition to varying the background pressure, the radial magnetic field of the thruster was varied (by a factor of 2) between low- and high-strength configurations. The low-strength configuration produced large-magnitude anode current oscillations, whereas the high-strength configuration produced small current oscillations. Ion axial velocity distribution function peaks were used to approximate ion energy and, in turn, axial electric field strength. Acceleration profiles of the tested thruster operating conditions were compared. High background pressure operation was observed to shift the ion acceleration region upstream in the discharge channel. The width of the velocity distributions correlated strongly to the magnetic field strength. The high magnetic field strength configuration produced narrow velocity distribution functions, whereas the low magnetic field strength configuration led to a broad velocity distribution.
C1 [Nakles, Michael R.] ERC Inc, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA.
   [Hargus, William A., Jr.] USAF, Res Lab, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA.
RP Nakles, MR (reprint author), ERC Inc, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA.
NR 19
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 6
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0748-4658
J9 J PROPUL POWER
JI J. Propul. Power
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2011
VL 27
IS 4
BP 737
EP 743
DI 10.2514/1.48027
PG 7
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 797SF
UT WOS:000293149700001
ER

PT J
AU Pekker, L
   Young, M
AF Pekker, L.
   Young, M.
TI Model of Ideal Electrohydrodynamic Thruster
SO JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER
LA English
DT Article
ID FLUID VELOCITY; WIND
AB The idea of using the electrohydrodynamic ionic wind pump effect in thruster applications is theoretically examined. Although this idea has been under discussion for many decades, there is still no commonly accepted view on electrohydrodynamic thrusters: for example, whether electrohydrodynamic thrusters are worthwhile, what level of thrust and thrust efficiency can be obtained from electrohydrodynamic thrusters, etc. In this paper, a simple one-dimensional model of an ideal electrohydrodynamic thruster for calculating thrust efficiency and thrust of electrohydrodynamic thrusters is presented. The maximum current that can be achieved for an ideal electrohydrodynamic thruster at a given voltage is also calculated. This allows the calculation of the maximum thrust that can be obtained from the thruster and the corresponding thrust efficiency. It is shown that, with an increase in the voltage, the maximum thrust and the corresponding thrust efficiency move in opposite directions: the thrust efficiency decreases, while the thrust increases. It is also shown that, at high altitudes, the performance of electrohydrodynamic thrusters (thrust and thrust efficiency) drops very fast; therefore, using electrohydrodynamic thrusters at altitudes greater than 5 km is apparently unrealistic. The model shows that maximum thrust cannot exceed 20-30 N/m(2) at sea level, even at breakdown voltage. The model illuminates the physical limitations of electrohydrodynamic thrusters and provides reasonable estimates of the performance limits of real electrohydrodynamic thrusters.
C1 [Pekker, L.] ERC Inc, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA.
   [Young, M.] USAF, Res Lab, Adv Concepts Grp, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA.
RP Pekker, L (reprint author), ERC Inc, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA.
EM leonid.pekker.ctr@edwards.af.mil; marcus.young@edwards.af.mil
NR 14
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 10
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0748-4658
J9 J PROPUL POWER
JI J. Propul. Power
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2011
VL 27
IS 4
BP 786
EP 792
DI 10.2514/1.B34097
PG 7
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 797SF
UT WOS:000293149700006
ER

PT J
AU Aranake, A
   Lee, JG
   Knight, D
   Cummings, RM
   Cox, J
   Paul, M
   Byerley, AR
AF Aranake, Aniket
   Lee, Jin Gyu
   Knight, Doyle
   Cummings, Russell M.
   Cox, John
   Paul, Micah
   Byerley, Aaron R.
TI Automated Design Optimization of a Three-Dimensional Subsonic Diffuser
SO JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER
LA English
DT Article
ID TURBULENT-FLOW; AIR INTAKE; S-DUCT; SWIRL; MODEL; SHAPE
AB An automated computational design optimization of a doubly offset (serpentine) subsonic diffuser is performed to assess the validity of a simple design principle for reducing flowfield distortion at the outlet. The design principle specifies that the flow be overexpanded within the bend, i.e., that the cross-sectional area in the bend exceed the cross-sectional area at the outlet. A baseline diffuser is defined as a monotonically increasing circular cross section following the specified doubly offset centerline. The design optimization uses a circular inlet and outlet that are identical to the baseline design, but permits a smooth blending of the cross section from circular to elliptical at the midpoint of the bend and returning to circular at the outlet while following the specified doubly offset centerline of the baseline design. The design variables of this study are the semimajor and semiminor axes of the ellipse at the midpoint. A commercial CAD program is used to loft the cross section smoothly from inlet to outlet. Turbulence is incorporated using a two-equation turbulence model. The automated computational design indicates that a substantial reduction in distortion is achieved by overexpanding the flow within the bend. Experimental evaluation of the baseline and optimal designs confirm an approximate 50% reduction in distortion coefficient for the optimal design compared with the baseline configuration, although the absolute values of the computed and experimental distortion coefficients differ.
C1 [Aranake, Aniket; Knight, Doyle] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
   [Lee, Jin Gyu] Agcy Def Dev, Taejon 305600, South Korea.
   [Cummings, Russell M.; Cox, John; Paul, Micah; Byerley, Aaron R.] USAF Acad, Dept Aeronaut, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
RP Aranake, A (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, 98 Brett Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
FU Agency for Defense Development, Republic of Korea [U6189EF]; U.S. Air
   Force Academy
FX The research is supported by the Agency for Defense Development,
   Republic of Korea, under contract U6189EF to Rutgers University, and by
   the U.S. Air Force Academy.
NR 37
TC 2
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0748-4658
J9 J PROPUL POWER
JI J. Propul. Power
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2011
VL 27
IS 4
BP 838
EP 846
DI 10.2514/1.50522
PG 9
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 797SF
UT WOS:000293149700011
ER

PT J
AU Simmons, J
   Zhao, JC
AF Simmons, Jeff
   Zhao, J. -C.
TI Large dataset generation, integration and simulation in materials
   science, part II
SO JOM
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Simmons, Jeff] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Zhao, J. -C.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
RP Simmons, J (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1047-4838
J9 JOM-US
JI JOM
PD JUL
PY 2011
VL 63
IS 7
BP 40
EP 40
DI 10.1007/s11837-011-0108-0
PG 1
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
   Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy;
   Mining & Mineral Processing
GA 794IE
UT WOS:000292887900008
ER

PT J
AU Wang, S
   Waggoner, J
   Simmons, J
AF Wang, Song
   Waggoner, Jarrell
   Simmons, Jeff
TI Graph-cut methods for grain boundary segmentation
SO JOM
LA English
DT Article
ID IMAGE SEGMENTATION
AB This paper reviews the recent progress on using graph-cut methods for image segmentation, and discusses their applications to segmenting grain boundaries from materials science images.
C1 [Wang, Song; Waggoner, Jarrell] Univ S Carolina, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
   [Simmons, Jeff] USAF, Res Lab, AFRL RXLMD Wright Patterson AFB, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Wang, S (reprint author), Univ S Carolina, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, 315 Main St, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
EM songwang@cec.sc.edu
NR 15
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1047-4838
J9 JOM-US
JI JOM
PD JUL
PY 2011
VL 63
IS 7
BP 49
EP 51
DI 10.1007/s11837-011-0111-5
PG 3
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
   Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy;
   Mining & Mineral Processing
GA 794IE
UT WOS:000292887900011
ER

PT J
AU Comer, M
   Bouman, CA
   De Graef, M
   Simmons, JP
AF Comer, Mary
   Bouman, Charles A.
   De Graef, Marc
   Simmons, Jeff P.
TI Bayesian methods for image segmentation
SO JOM
LA English
DT Article
AB Bayesian segmentation of images shows great promise for the analysis of materials image datasets. This paper discusses the Bayesian segmentation technique and provides examples of its use.
C1 [Comer, Mary; Bouman, Charles A.] Purdue Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
   [De Graef, Marc] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
   [Simmons, Jeff P.] USAF, Res Lab, AFRL RXMMD Wright Patterson AFB, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Comer, M (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
EM comerm@pur-due.edu
RI DeGraef, Marc/G-5827-2010
OI DeGraef, Marc/0000-0002-4721-6226
NR 10
TC 7
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 6
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1047-4838
J9 JOM-US
JI JOM
PD JUL
PY 2011
VL 63
IS 7
BP 55
EP 57
DI 10.1007/s11837-011-0113-3
PG 3
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
   Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy;
   Mining & Mineral Processing
GA 794IE
UT WOS:000292887900013
ER

PT J
AU Fleigel, JD
   Salmon, CA
   Piper, JM
AF Fleigel, Jeffrey D., III
   Salmon, Cade A.
   Piper, James M., II
TI Treatment Options for the Replacement of Missing Mandibular Incisors
SO JOURNAL OF PROSTHODONTICS-IMPLANT ESTHETIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE DENTISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Mandibular incisors; treatment planning; anterior mandible; resin-bonded
   fixed dental prosthesis; fixed dental prosthesis; limited orthodontics;
   removable dental prosthesis; dental implant; narrow diameter dental
   implant
ID FIXED PARTIAL DENTURES; RESIN-BONDED BRIDGES; 13-YEAR FOLLOW-UP; IMPLANT
   RESTORATIONS; CLINICAL-EVALUATION; POST SYSTEMS; TOOTH; RETENTION;
   DESIGN; STRENGTH
AB The replacement of a mandibular incisor is a dental treatment warranting special consideration. Some of the challenges associated with the anterior mandible are limited space, challenging surrounding anatomy, and tough esthetic requirements. Proper diagnosis and treatment planning may require a multidisciplinary approach to successfully meet the demands of replacing a missing tooth in this sextant. Several treatment options currently exist for mandibular incisor replacement. These options include (1) resin-bonded fixed dental prostheses (RBFDPs), (2) orthodontic treatment, (3) full-veneer fixed dental prostheses (FDPs), (4) dental implants for single-tooth replacement, (5) possible extraction of one or more incisors and restoration with implant-supported FDPs, (6) possible extraction of one or more teeth and restoration with FDPs from #22 to 27, (7) possible extraction of one or more teeth and restoration with removable dental prostheses (RDPs). This manuscript outlines the various treatment options for the replacement of mandibular incisors and discusses benefits and drawbacks of each.
C1 [Fleigel, Jeffrey D., III] USAF Acad, Dept Prosthodont, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
   [Salmon, Cade A.] Yakota AB, Dept Prosthodont, Yakota, Japan.
   [Piper, James M., II] Offut AFB, Dept Prosthodont, Omaha, NE USA.
RP Fleigel, JD (reprint author), USAF Acad, Dept Prosthodont, 2355-B Fac Dr, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
EM jfleigelpros@gmail.com
NR 55
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 24
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1059-941X
J9 J PROSTHODONT
JI J. Prosthodont.
PD JUL
PY 2011
VL 20
IS 5
BP 414
EP 420
DI 10.1111/j.1532-849X.2011.00732.x
PG 7
WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
GA 794PE
UT WOS:000292911700014
PM 21631631
ER

PT J
AU Stokes, SC
   Tankersley, MS
AF Stokes, Shayne C.
   Tankersley, Michael S.
TI HIV: Practical implications for the practicing allergist-immunologist
SO ANNALS OF ALLERGY ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; RECONSTITUTION INFLAMMATORY SYNDROME;
   ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; INSTITUTES-OF-HEALTH; INFECTED CHILDREN;
   INFLUENZA IMMUNIZATION; DRUG HYPERSENSITIVITY; RESPIRATORY SYMPTOMS;
   CELL-ACTIVATION; UNITED-STATES
AB Objectives: To review the effects of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) on allergic diseases and discuss the clinical, pathophysiologic, diagnostic, and therapeutic challenges unique to HIV-infected patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART).
   Data sources: The MEDLINE and OVID databases were searched to identify pertinent articles using the following keywords: HIV, AIDS, IgE, allergic rhinitis, adverse drug reaction, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, food allergy, and immunization. References from the chosen articles were also examined.
   Study Selection: Articles were selected based on their relevance to the subject matter and currency.
   Results: Human immunodeficiency virus infection causes immunologic alterations that ultimately lead to cell-mediated immune deficiency. In addition, the immune dysfunction caused by HIV also increases the likelihood of developing allergic and other immune-mediated diseases in many patients. HAART is associated with reconstitution of immune system function. While offering protection against infection, immune reconstitution also can provoke immunopathologic conditions. Patients infected with HIV show an increased prevalence of allergic rhinitis, adverse drug reactions, and noninfectious pulmonary complications. The pathophysiology of HIV infection is associated with unique clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic considerations when treating allergic diseases in HIV-infected patients.
   Conclusions: With the use of HAART and the subsequent decrease in infectious complications, HIV-infected patients now live longer and experience common chronic diseases. Evaluation of HIV-infected patients with rhinitis, asthma, and adverse drug reactions may become more frequent as HAART continues to extend the life expectancy of patients living with HIV. Understanding the interactions between HIV and these conditions can facilitate a knowledgeable approach to treating an HIV-infected patient.
C1 [Stokes, Shayne C.; Tankersley, Michael S.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Med, Allergy & Immunol Div, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA.
RP Stokes, SC (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Med, Allergy & Immunol Div, 2200 Bergquist Dr,Suite 1, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA.
EM shayne.stokes@us.af.mil
FU United States Air Force
FX Funding Sources: United States Air Force.
NR 60
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 1081-1206
J9 ANN ALLERG ASTHMA IM
JI Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol.
PD JUL
PY 2011
VL 107
IS 1
BP 1
EP 9
DI 10.1016/j.anai.2011.05.004
PG 9
WC Allergy; Immunology
SC Allergy; Immunology
GA 792AG
UT WOS:000292712300002
PM 21704878
ER

PT J
AU Davies, BW
   Panday, V
   Caldwell, M
   Scribbick, F
   Reilly, CD
AF Davies, Brett W.
   Panday, Vasudha
   Caldwell, Matthew
   Scribbick, Frank
   Reilly, Charles D.
TI Effect of Topical Immunomodulatory Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist
   Therapy on Corneal Healing in New Zealand White Rabbits (Oryctolagus
   cunniculus) After Photorefractive Keratectomy
SO ARCHIVES OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID IN-SITU KERATOMILEUSIS; LANGERHANS CELLS; GENE; EXPRESSION;
   POLYMORPHISM; CYTOKINES; COMPLICATIONS; INFLAMMATION; ASSOCIATION;
   MECHANISMS
AB Objectives: To compare topical interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) to steroid treatment following photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) in rabbit eyes.
   Methods: Our study is a randomized, investigator-masked study that was approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. Following standard PRK, 48 eyes of 24 rabbits were divided into 5 arms: 4 treatment arms and 1 control arm. The right eye of each rabbit served as the treatment eye, and the left eye served as a control. Eyes in treatment arms were randomized to receive either fluorometholone, 0.1%, 4 times a day (Falcon, Fort Worth, Texas), or 2.5, 1.25, or 0.25 mg of IL-1ra 4 times a day. Control eyes received only moxifloxacin hydrochloride, 0.5% (Vigamox; Alcon, Fort Worth, Texas), and a solution of polyethylene glycol 400, 0.4%, and propylene glycol, 0.3% (Systane; Alcon), 4 times a day. Primary outcome measures included weekly evaluation of subjective haze formation and time to corneal reepithelization with clinic examinations, objective haze formation using Pentacam technology (Oculus, Lynnwood, Washington), as well as histological examination for haze thickness 7 weeks after PRK.
   Results: There was no difference among treatment groups in time to reepithelization. The IL-1ra treatment groups showed a statistically significant reduction in haze formation (P < .001, determined by repeated-measures analysis of variance) on corneal evaluation using the Pentacam 3 weeks after PRK compared with the control group. This effect was comparable to that in the steroid treatment group. There was also a statistically significant effect of the treatment on subjective haze evaluation at weeks 4 and 5 (P < .05, determined by repeated-measures analysis of variance), but this effect lost statistical significance when the steroid group was excluded from the evaluation. In addition, there was no statistically significant difference in histologic evaluation of haze thickness among treatment groups (P = .997).
   Conclusion: Further studies are needed to determine the efficacy and adverse effect profile of topical IL-1ra in human eyes.
   Clinical Relevance: IL-1ra therapy may be an alternative to steroid treatment following PRK.
C1 [Davies, Brett W.; Panday, Vasudha; Caldwell, Matthew; Reilly, Charles D.] USAF, Wilford Hall Med Ctr, Dept Ophthalmol, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA.
   [Scribbick, Frank] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA.
RP Davies, BW (reprint author), USAF, Wilford Hall Med Ctr, Dept Ophthalmol, 12239 Dewitt Cove, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA.
EM brettw77@hotmail.com
NR 44
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC
PI CHICAGO
PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA
SN 0003-9950
J9 ARCH OPHTHALMOL-CHIC
JI Arch. Ophthalmol.
PD JUL
PY 2011
VL 129
IS 7
BP 909
EP 913
PG 5
WC Ophthalmology
SC Ophthalmology
GA 790QJ
UT WOS:000292604000014
PM 21746982
ER

PT J
AU Grunwald, GK
   Bruce, SL
   Jiang, LH
   Strand, M
   Rabinovitch, N
AF Grunwald, Gary K.
   Bruce, Stephanie L.
   Jiang, Luohua
   Strand, Matthew
   Rabinovitch, Nathan
TI A statistical model for under- or overdispersed clustered and
   longitudinal count data
SO BIOMETRICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Generalized linear mixed models; Multi-level count models; Negative
   binomial longitudinal data; Poisson longitudinal data; Underdispersion
ID GENERALIZED WARING DISTRIBUTION; LINEAR MIXED MODELS; REGRESSION-MODELS;
   ACCIDENT THEORY; POISSON-DISTRIBUTION; LIKELIHOOD APPROACH;
   DISTRIBUTIONS; DISCRETE; TRIALS; SERIES
AB We propose a likelihood-based model for correlated count data that display under-or overdispersion within units (e. g. subjects). The model is capable of handling correlation due to clustering and/or serial correlation, in the presence of unbalanced, missing or unequally spaced data. A family of distributions based on birth-event processes is used to model within-subject underdispersion. A computational approach is given to overcome a parameterization difficulty with this family, and this allows use of common Markov Chain Monte Carlo software (e. g. WinBUGS) for estimation. Application of the model to daily counts of asthma inhaler use by children shows substantial within-subject underdispersion, between-subject heterogeneity and correlation due to both clustering of measurements within subjects and serial correlation of longitudinal measurements. The model provides a major improvement over Poisson longitudinal models, and diagnostics show that the model fits well.
C1 [Grunwald, Gary K.; Jiang, Luohua; Strand, Matthew] Univ Colorado Denver, Dept Biostat & Informat, Denver, CO USA.
   [Bruce, Stephanie L.] USAF Acad, Dept Math Sci, Colorado Springs, CO USA.
RP Grunwald, GK (reprint author), Univ Colorado Denver, Dept Biostat & Informat, Denver, CO USA.
EM gary.grunwald@ucdenver.edu
FU United States Air Force; Environmental Protection Agency [R825702];
   Thrasher Research Fund [02816]; Colorado Tobacco Research Program
   [2R-020]
FX The authors are grateful to Dr Stan Xu and Prof. Richard Jones for very
   helpful discussions, and to two reviewers and the Associate Editor for
   many comments that greatly improved the manuscript. This work was
   supported by the United States Air Force (S. L. B.); the Environmental
   Protection Agency (R825702 to M. S.); the Thrasher Research Fund (02816
   to M. S.); and the Colorado Tobacco Research Program (2R-020 to M. S.).
NR 53
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 11
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0323-3847
J9 BIOMETRICAL J
JI Biom. J.
PD JUL
PY 2011
VL 53
IS 4
BP 578
EP 594
DI 10.1002/bimj.201000076
PG 17
WC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Statistics & Probability
SC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Mathematics
GA 790PB
UT WOS:000292600600003
PM 21598288
ER

PT J
AU Simmerman, JM
   Suntarattiwong, P
   Levy, J
   Jarman, RG
   Kaewchana, S
   Gibbons, RV
   Cowling, BJ
   Sanasuttipun, W
   Maloney, SA
   Uyeki, TM
   Kamimoto, L
   Chotipitayasunondh, T
AF Simmerman, James M.
   Suntarattiwong, Piyarat
   Levy, Jens
   Jarman, Richard G.
   Kaewchana, Suchada
   Gibbons, Robert V.
   Cowling, Ben J.
   Sanasuttipun, Wiwan
   Maloney, Susan A.
   Uyeki, Timothy M.
   Kamimoto, Laurie
   Chotipitayasunondh, Tawee
TI Findings from a household randomized controlled trial of hand washing
   and face masks to reduce influenza transmission in Bangkok, Thailand
SO INFLUENZA AND OTHER RESPIRATORY VIRUSES
LA English
DT Article
DE face mask; hand washing; influenza; non-pharmaceutical intervention;
   Thailand
ID PANDEMIC INFLUENZA; VIRUSES; RESISTANCE; OSELTAMIVIR; HYGIENE; DISEASE;
   RISK; RUB
AB Background Evidence is needed on the effectiveness of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) to reduce influenza transmission.
   Methodology We studied NPIs in households with a febrile, influenza-positive child. Households were randomized to control, hand washing (HW), or hand washing plus paper surgical face masks (HW + FM) arms. Study nurses conducted home visits within 24 hours of enrollment and on days 3, 7, and 21. Respiratory swabs and serum were collected from all household members and tested for influenza by RT-PCR or serology.
   Principal Findings Between April 2008 and August 2009, 991 (16.5%) of 5995 pediatric influenza-like illness patients tested influenza positive. Four hundred and forty-two index children with 1147 household members were enrolled, and 221 (50.0%) were aged <6 years. Three hundred and ninety-seven (89.8%) households reported that the index patient slept in the parents' bedroom. The secondary attack rate was 21.5%, and 56/345 (16.3%; 95% CI 12.4-20.2%) secondary cases were asymptomatic. Hand-washing subjects reported 4 7 washing episodes/day, compared to 4.9 times/day in the HW + FM arm and 3 9 times/day in controls (P = 0.001). The odds ratios (ORs) for secondary influenza infection were not significantly different in the HW arm (OR = 1.20; 95% CI 0.76-1.88; P-0.442), or the HW + FM arm (OR = 1.16; 95% CI 0.74-1.82; P = 0.525).
   Conclusions Influenza transmission was not reduced by interventions to promote hand washing and face mask use. This may be attributable to transmission that occurred before the intervention, poor facemask compliance, little difference in hand-washing frequency between study groups, and shared sleeping arrangements. A prospective study design and a careful analysis of sociocultural factors could improve future NPI studies.
C1 [Simmerman, James M.; Levy, Jens; Kaewchana, Suchada; Sanasuttipun, Wiwan; Maloney, Susan A.] Thailand MOPH US CDC Collaborat, Int Emerging Infect Program, Nonthaburi 96546, Thailand.
   [Suntarattiwong, Piyarat; Chotipitayasunondh, Tawee] Queen Sirikit Natl Inst Child Hlth, Bangkok, Thailand.
   [Jarman, Richard G.; Gibbons, Robert V.] USAF, Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok, Thailand.
   [Cowling, Ben J.] Univ Hong Kong, Sch Publ Hlth, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
   [Uyeki, Timothy M.; Kamimoto, Laurie] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Simmerman, JM (reprint author), Thailand MOPH US CDC Collaborat, Int Emerging Infect Program, Box 68 CDC,APO AP, Nonthaburi 96546, Thailand.
EM marksimmerman@hotmail.com
RI Cowling, Benjamin/C-4263-2009; Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013
OI Cowling, Benjamin/0000-0002-6297-7154; 
FU MedImmune Inc.
FX BJC has received research funding from MedImmune Inc. The opinions,
   assertions, findings and conclusions in this report are those of the
   authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for
   Disease Control and Prevention or the Department of the Army or the
   Department of Defense.
NR 29
TC 41
Z9 42
U1 2
U2 5
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1750-2640
J9 INFLUENZA OTHER RESP
JI Influenza Other Respir. Viruses
PD JUL
PY 2011
VL 5
IS 4
BP 256
EP 267
DI 10.1111/j.1750-2659.2011.00205.x
PG 12
WC Infectious Diseases; Virology
SC Infectious Diseases; Virology
GA 789EU
UT WOS:000292497700007
PM 21651736
ER

PT J
AU Scharf, B
   Leonard, MJ
   Weaber, RL
   Mader, TL
   Hahn, GL
   Spiers, DE
AF Scharf, Brad
   Leonard, Michael J.
   Weaber, Robert L.
   Mader, Terry L.
   Hahn, G. Leroy
   Spiers, Donald E.
TI Determinants of bovine thermal response to heat and solar radiation
   exposures in a field environment
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Cattle; Transmitter; Heat; Stress; Model
ID SHADED FEEDLOT CATTLE; BODY-TEMPERATURE; RECTAL TEMPERATURE; DAIRY-COWS;
   MILK-PRODUCTION; STRESS; INDICATORS; TOLERANCE; CLIMATE; STEERS
AB Continuous exposure of cattle to summer heat in the absence of shade results in significant hyperthermia and impairs growth and general health. Reliable predictors of heat strain are needed to identify this condition. A 12-day study was conducted during a moderate summer heat period using 12 Angus x Simmental (Bos taurus) steers (533 +/- 12 kg average body weight) to identify animal and ambient determinations of core body temperature (T (core)) and respiration rate (RR) responses to heat stress. Steers were provided standard diet and water ad libitum, and implanted intraperitoneally with telemetric transmitters to monitor T (core) hourly. Visual count of flank movement at 0800 and 1500 hours was used for RR. Dataloggers recorded air temperature (T (a)), and black globe temperatures (T (bg)) hourly to assess radiant heat load. Analysis was across four periods and 2 consecutive days averaged within each period. Average T (a) and T (bg) increased progressively from 21.7 to 30.3A degrees C and 25.3 to 34.0A degrees C, respectively, from the first to fourth periods. A model utilizing a quadratic function of T (a) explained the most variation in T (core) (R (2) = 0.56). A delay in response from 1 to 3 h did not significantly improve R (2) for this relationship. Measurements at 0800 and 1500 hours alone are sufficient to predict heat strain. Daily minimum core body temperature and initial 2-h rise in T (a) were predictors of maximum core temperature and RR. Further studies using continuous monitoring are needed to expand prediction of heat stress impact under different conditions.
C1 [Scharf, Brad; Weaber, Robert L.; Spiers, Donald E.] Univ Missouri, Dept Anim Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
   [Leonard, Michael J.] USAF, Washington, DC 20330 USA.
   [Mader, Terry L.] Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Haskell Agr Lab, Concord, NE 68728 USA.
   [Hahn, G. Leroy] ARS, Meat Anim Res Ctr, USDA, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA.
RP Spiers, DE (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Anim Sci, 920 E Campus Dr, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
EM basb62@mizzou.edu
FU US Department of Agriculture (USDA/NRI ) [980352 S]
FX This material is based upon work supported by the US Department of
   Agriculture (USDA/NRI competitive grant #980352 S). Any opinions,
   findings, conclusion, or recommendations expressed in this publication
   are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of
   the US Department of Agriculture.
NR 46
TC 10
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 13
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0020-7128
J9 INT J BIOMETEOROL
JI Int. J. Biometeorol.
PD JUL
PY 2011
VL 55
IS 4
BP 469
EP 480
DI 10.1007/s00484-010-0360-y
PG 12
WC Biophysics; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences;
   Physiology
SC Biophysics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric
   Sciences; Physiology
GA 789YR
UT WOS:000292556100002
PM 20872233
ER

PT J
AU Hon, NK
   Soref, R
   Jalali, B
AF Hon, Nick K.
   Soref, Richard
   Jalali, Bahram
TI The third-order nonlinear optical coefficients of Si, Ge, and Si1-xGex
   in the midwave and longwave infrared
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID SILICON WAVE-GUIDES; STIMULATED RAMAN-SCATTERING; SELF-PHASE-MODULATION;
   2-PHOTON ABSORPTION; MU-M; 3RD-HARMONIC GENERATION; WAVELENGTH
   CONVERSION; GERMANIUM; GAIN; SEMICONDUCTORS
AB Using a combination of semiconductor theory and experimental results from the scientific literature, we have compiled and plotted the key third-order nonlinear optical coefficients of bulk crystalline Si and Ge as a function of wavelength (1.5-6.7 mu m for Si and 2-14.7 mu m for Ge). The real part of third-order nonlinear dielectric susceptibility (chi((3))'), the two-photon absorption coefficient (beta(TPA)), and the Raman gain coefficient (g(R)), have been investigated. Theoretical predictions were used to curve-fit the experimental data. For a spectral range in which no experimental data exists, we estimate and fill in the missing knowledge. Generally, these coefficient-values appear quite useful for a host of device applications, both Si and Ge offer large chi((3))' and g(R) with Ge offering the stronger nonlinearity. In addition, we use the same theory to predict the third-order nonlinear optical coefficients of Si1-xGex alloy. By alloying Si and Ge, device designers can gain flexibility in tuning desired optical coefficients in between the two fundamental components based upon their application requirements. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3592270]
C1 [Hon, Nick K.; Jalali, Bahram] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Elect Engn, Photon Lab, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
   [Soref, Richard] USAF, Sensors Directorate, Res Lab, AFRL RYHC, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
RP Hon, NK (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Elect Engn, Photon Lab, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
EM kamyan@ucla.edu
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research; DARPA
FX This work was supported in part by the Air Force Office of Scientific
   Research, Dr. Gernot Pomrenke, Program Manager, and by DARPA, Dr. Jag
   Shah, Program Manager.
NR 67
TC 62
Z9 62
U1 4
U2 40
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
   MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD JUL 1
PY 2011
VL 110
IS 1
AR 011301
DI 10.1063/1.3592270
PG 8
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 792US
UT WOS:000292776500001
ER

PT J
AU Fang, R
   Allan, PF
   Womble, SG
   Porter, MT
   Sierra-Nunez, J
   Russ, RS
   Dorlac, GR
   Benson, C
   Oh, JS
   Wanek, SM
   Osborn, EC
   Silvey, SV
   Dorlac, WC
AF Fang, Raymond
   Allan, Patrick F.
   Womble, Shannon G.
   Porter, Morris T.
   Sierra-Nunez, Johana
   Russ, Richard S.
   Dorlac, Gina R.
   Benson, Clayne
   Oh, John S.
   Wanek, Sandra M.
   Osborn, Erik C.
   Silvey, Stephen V.
   Dorlac, Warren C.
TI Closing the "Care in the Air" Capability Gap for Severe Lung Injury: The
   Landstuhl Acute Lung Rescue Team and Extracorporeal Lung Support
SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Meeting on Advanced Technology Applications for Combat Casuality Care
   (ATACCC)
CY AUG 16-19, 2010
CL St Pete Beach, FL
DE Acute respiratory distress syndrome; Aeromedical evacuation;
   Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; High-frequency ventilation;
   Military medicine
ID FREQUENCY PERCUSSIVE VENTILATION; ACUTE RESPIRATORY-DISTRESS;
   MEMBRANE-OXYGENATION; IMPROVES OXYGENATION; TRAUMA PATIENTS; STRATEGIES;
   TRANSPORT; FAILURE; PROSTACYCLIN; SYSTEM
AB Background: The success of US Air Force Critical Care Air Transport Teams (CCATT) in transporting critically ill and injured patients enabled changes in military medical force deployment and casualty care practice. Even so, a subset of casualties remains who exceed even CCATT capabilities for movement. These patients led to the creation of the Landstuhl Acute Lung Rescue Team (ALeRT) to close the "care in the air" capability gap.
   Methods: The ALeRT Registry was queried for the period between November 1, 2005, and June 30, 2010. Additionally, Landstuhl Regional Medical Center critical care patient transfers to host nation medical centers were reviewed for cases using extracorporeal lung support systems.
   Results: For the review period, US Central Command activated the ALeRT on 40 occasions. The ALeRT successfully evacuated patients on 24 of 27 missions launched (89%). Three patients were too unstable for ALeRT evacuation. Of the 13 remaining activations, four patients died and nine patients improved sufficiently for standard CCATT movement. The ALeRT initiated pumpless extracorporeal lung assistance six times, but only once to facilitate evacuation. Two patients were supported with full extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support after evacuation due to progressive respiratory failure.
   Conclusions: ALeRT successfully transported 24 casualties from the combat zones to Germany. Without the ALeRT, these patients would have remained in the combat theater as significant consumers of limited deployed medical resources. Pumpless extracorporeal lung assistance is already within the ALeRT armamentarium, but has only been used for one aeromedical evacuation. Modern extracorporeal membrane oxygenation systems hold promise as a feasible capability for aeromedical evacuation.
C1 [Fang, Raymond; Womble, Shannon G.; Porter, Morris T.; Sierra-Nunez, Johana; Russ, Richard S.; Benson, Clayne; Oh, John S.; Wanek, Sandra M.; Silvey, Stephen V.] Landstuhl Reg Med Ctr, Landstuhl, Germany.
   [Allan, Patrick F.] Wright Patterson Med Ctr, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA.
   [Dorlac, Gina R.; Dorlac, Warren C.] Univ Cincinnati, USAF, Ctr Sustainment Trauma & Readiness Skills, Cincinnati, OH USA.
   [Osborn, Erik C.] Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA.
RP Fang, R (reprint author), Landstuhl Reg Med Ctr, Landstuhl, Germany.
EM Raymond.Fang@us.af.mil
NR 23
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 3
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0022-5282
J9 J TRAUMA
JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care
PD JUL
PY 2011
VL 71
SU 1
BP S91
EP S97
DI 10.1097/TA.0b013e3182218f97
PG 7
WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery
SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery
GA 790RW
UT WOS:000292607900016
PM 21795885
ER

PT J
AU Kheirabadi, BS
   Arnaud, F
   McCarron, R
   Murdock, AD
   Hodge, DL
   Ritter, B
   Dubick, MA
   Blackbourne, LH
AF Kheirabadi, Bijan S.
   Arnaud, Francoise
   McCarron, Richard
   Murdock, Alan D.
   Hodge, Douglas L.
   Ritter, Brandi
   Dubick, Michael A.
   Blackbourne, Lorne H.
TI Development of a Standard Swine Hemorrhage Model for Efficacy Assessment
   of Topical Hemostatic Agents
SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE
LA English
DT Article
DE Hemorrhage model; Hemostatic agent; Combat gauze; Efficacy; Swine
ID EXTREMITY ARTERIAL HEMORRHAGES; CLOT-INDUCING MINERALS; SMECTITE
   GRANULES; GROIN INJURY; LETHAL MODEL; DRESSINGS; COAGULOPATHY; SURVIVAL;
   GAUZE
AB Background: The diverse information of efficacy of hemostatic products, obtained from different military laboratories using different models, has made it difficult to ascertain the true benefit of new hemostatic agents in military medicine. The aim of this study was to recommend a standard hemorrhage model for efficacy testing acceptable by most investigators in the field and avoid contradictory and duplicative efforts by different laboratories.
   Methods: The swine femoral artery injury model (6-mm arteriotomy) with some modifications was tested to standardize the model. The suggested modifications included no splenectomy, one-time treatment, 30 seconds free bleeding, and 5 L limit for fluid resuscitation. The model was tested with all or some of these modifications in four experimental conditions (n = 5-6 pigs per condition) using Combat Gauze (CG) as control agent.
   Results: The primary end points including blood pressure, blood loss, and survival rates were modestly changed in the four conditions. The second experimental condition in which bleeding was treated with a single CG with 3-minute compression produced the most suitable results. The average blood loss was 99 mL/kg, and hemostasis was achieved in one-third of the pigs, which led to matching survival rate.
   Conclusion: A rigorous hemorrhage model was developed for future evaluation of new hemostatic agents and comparison with CG, the current standard of care. This model may not be suitable for testing every agent and some modifications may be necessary for specific applications. Furthermore, laboratory studies using this or similar models must be accompanied by operational testing in the field to confirm the efficacy and practical utility of selected agents when used on the battlefield.
C1 [Kheirabadi, Bijan S.; Dubick, Michael A.; Blackbourne, Lorne H.] USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA.
   [Arnaud, Francoise; McCarron, Richard] USN, Neuro Trauma Dept, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA.
   [Murdock, Alan D.] USAF, Med Operat Agcy, Lackland AFB, TX USA.
   [Hodge, Douglas L.; Ritter, Brandi] Def Med Standardizat Board, Ft Detrick, MD USA.
RP Kheirabadi, BS (reprint author), 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave,Bldg 3611, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA.
EM bijan.kheirabadi@us.army.mil
FU US Army Medical Research and Materiel Command
FX Authors of this article are military service members or employees of the
   US Government. The funding for this work was provided solely by the US
   Army Medical Research and Materiel Command.
NR 17
TC 16
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 9
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0022-5282
J9 J TRAUMA
JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care
PD JUL
PY 2011
VL 71
SU 1
BP S139
EP S146
DI 10.1097/TA.0b013e318221931e
PG 8
WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery
SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery
GA 790RW
UT WOS:000292607900024
PM 21795871
ER

PT J
AU White, JM
   Cannon, JW
   Stannard, A
   Spencer, JR
   Hancock, H
   Williams, K
   Oh, JS
   Rasmussen, TE
AF White, Joseph M.
   Cannon, Jeremy W.
   Stannard, Adam
   Spencer, Jerry R.
   Hancock, Heather
   Williams, Ken
   Oh, John S.
   Rasmussen, Todd E.
TI A Porcine Model for Evaluating the Management of Noncompressible Torso
   Hemorrhage
SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Meeting on Advanced Technology Applications for Combat Casuality Care
   (ATACCC)
CY AUG 16-19, 2010
CL St Pete Beach, FL
DE Noncompressible hemorrhage; Emergency thoracotomy; Combat injury; Large
   animal model; Vascular injury
ID EMERGENCY-DEPARTMENT THORACOTOMY; CARDIAC-ARREST; ABDOMINAL
   EXSANGUINATION; MASSIVE HEMOPERITONEUM; AORTIC OCCLUSION; STILL USEFUL;
   SHOCK; RESUSCITATION; INJURY; DAMAGE
AB Background: Noncompressible hemorrhage from central vascular injuries remains the leading cause of preventable death in modern combat. This report introduces a large animal model of noncompressible torso hemorrhage, which permits assessment of the various approaches to this problem.
   Methods: Yorkshire swine were anesthetized and monitoring devices for central aortic pressure, carotid flow, and intracerebral and transcutaneous brain oximetry were applied. Class IV hemorrhagic shock was induced through an iliac arterial injury and animals were subjected to different vascular control methods including thoracic aortic clamping, supraceliac aortic clamping, direct vascular control, and proximal endovascular balloon occlusion. After vascular control, the injury was shunted, and damage control resuscitation was continued. Serum markers, intravenous fluid volumes, and vasopressor requirements were tracked over a subsequent resuscitation period. Postmortem tissue analysis was performed to compare levels of acute ischemic injury between groups.
   Results: The protocol for animal preparation, hemorrhage volume, open surgical technique, and posthemorrhage resuscitation was developed using four animals. The endovascular approach was developed using two additional animals. After model development, treatment animals subsequently underwent noncompressible hemorrhage with thoracic aortic clamping, supraceliac aortic clamping, direct vascular control, and endovascular aortic occlusion. Premature death occurred in one animal in the direct vascular control group.
   Conclusion: This study presents a large animal model of class IV hemorrhagic shock from noncompressible hemorrhage, which permits comparison of various vascular control methods to address this challenging problem. Future studies using this model as the standard will allow further development of strategies for the management of noncompressible hemorrhage.
C1 [Cannon, Jeremy W.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA.
   [Stannard, Adam; Spencer, Jerry R.; Williams, Ken] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX USA.
   [Hancock, Heather] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA.
   [Oh, John S.] Landstuhl Reg Med Ctr, Landstuhl, Germany.
   [Rasmussen, Todd E.] USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA.
RP Cannon, JW (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA.
EM jcannon@massmed.org
NR 18
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 0
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0022-5282
J9 J TRAUMA
JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care
PD JUL
PY 2011
VL 71
SU 1
BP S131
EP S138
DI 10.1097/TA.0b013e3182219302
PG 8
WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery
SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery
GA 790RW
UT WOS:000292607900023
PM 21795889
ER

PT J
AU McNally, RJ
   Hatch, JP
   Cedillos, EM
   Luethcke, CA
   Baker, MT
   Peterson, AL
   Litz, BT
AF McNally, Richard J.
   Hatch, John P.
   Cedillos, Elizabeth M.
   Luethcke, Cynthia A.
   Baker, Monty T.
   Peterson, Alan L.
   Litz, Brett T.
TI Does the Repressor Coping Style Predict Lower Posttraumatic Stress
   Symptoms?
SO MILITARY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID SOCIAL DESIRABILITY SCALE; MANIFEST ANXIETY SCALE; FOLLOW-UP;
   PSYCHOLOGICAL-RESILIENCE; YOUNG-ADULTS; SHORT FORM; DISORDER; TRAUMA;
   IRAQ; PSYCHOPATHOLOGY
AB We tested whether a continuous measure of repressor coping style predicted lower posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in 122 health care professionals serving in Operation Iraqi Freedom. Zero-order correlational analyses indicated that predeployment repressor coping scores negatively predicted postdeployment PTSD symptoms, r(s) = 0.29, p = 0.001, whereas predeployment Connor Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) scores did not predict postdeployment PTSD symptoms, r(s) = 0.13, p = 0.14. However, predeployment trait anxiety was chiefly responsible for the association between repressor coping and PTSD symptom severity, r(s) = 0.38, p = 0.001. Four percent of the subjects qualified for a probable PTSD diagnosis. Although service members with relatively higher PTSD scores had lower repressor coping scores than did the other subjects, their level of predeployment anxiety was chiefly responsible for this relationship. Knowing someone's predeployment level of trait anxiety permits better prediction of PTSD symptoms among trauma-exposed service members than does knowing his or her level of repressive coping.
C1 [McNally, Richard J.] Harvard Univ, Dept Psychol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
   [Hatch, John P.; Cedillos, Elizabeth M.; Luethcke, Cynthia A.; Baker, Monty T.; Peterson, Alan L.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Div Behav Med, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA.
   [Baker, Monty T.; Peterson, Alan L.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Behav Med, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
   [Litz, Brett T.] VA Boston Healthcare Syst, Massachusetts Vet Epidemiol Res & Informat Ctr, Boston, MA 02130 USA.
   [Litz, Brett T.] Boston Univ, Dept Psychol, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
RP McNally, RJ (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Dept Psychol, 1230 William James Hall,33 Kirkland St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
FU United States Air Force [FA7014-07-C-0036]
FX This work was supported by a grant to Alan L. Peterson from the United
   States Air Force Surgeon General's Operational Medicine Research Program
   (FA7014-07-C-0036).
NR 36
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 3
PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US
PI BETHESDA
PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0026-4075
J9 MIL MED
JI Milit. Med.
PD JUL
PY 2011
VL 176
IS 7
BP 752
EP 756
PG 5
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 792XO
UT WOS:000292783900004
PM 22128715
ER

PT J
AU Harcke, HT
   Crawley, G
   Mabry, R
   Mazuchowski, E
AF Harcke, H. Theodore
   Crawley, Geoffrey
   Mabry, Robert
   Mazuchowski, Edward
TI Placement of Tibial Intraosseous Infusion Devices
SO MILITARY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID ACCESS
AB Post-mortem preautopsy multidetector computed tomography was used to assess the placement of tibial intraosseous infusion needles in 52 cases of battlefield trauma deaths for which medical intervention included the use of the technique. In 58 (95%) of 61 needles, the tip was positioned in medullary bone. All 3 (5%) unsuccessful placements were in the left leg, and the needle was not directed perpendicular to the medial tibial cortex as recommended. Considering the nature of military trauma and the environmental conditions under which care is rendered, military medical personnel appear to be highly successful in the placement of tibial intraosseous infusion needles.
C1 [Harcke, H. Theodore] Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Radiol Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA.
   [Harcke, H. Theodore] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Radiol & Radiol Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
   [Mabry, Robert] USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA.
   [Crawley, Geoffrey] Dover AFB, Med Grp 436, Dover, DE 19902 USA.
   [Mazuchowski, Edward] Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Off Armed Forces Med Examiner, Rockville, MD 20850 USA.
RP Harcke, HT (reprint author), Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Radiol Pathol, 6825 16th St NW, Washington, DC 20306 USA.
NR 13
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US
PI BETHESDA
PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0026-4075
J9 MIL MED
JI Milit. Med.
PD JUL
PY 2011
VL 176
IS 7
BP 824
EP 827
PG 4
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 792XO
UT WOS:000292783900015
PM 22128726
ER

PT J
AU Martin, JA
   Heppard, KA
   Green, SG
AF Martin, John A.
   Heppard, Kurt A.
   Green, Steve G.
TI Taking international business education programs and pedagogy to new
   heights: Fundamental questions for educators and students
SO BUSINESS HORIZONS
LA English
DT Article
DE International business education; Pedagogy; International business
ID SCHOOLS
AB As the dynamic global business environment continues to force organizations to be agile and adaptive, international business (IB) education pedagogy is transforming. Building on previous literature describing gaps in IB pedagogy, as well as unaddressed stakeholder needs, we first use our institution-the United States Air Force Academy-as an example of IB program development. In examining our program's evolution, we develop five questions that may provide insight regarding more generalizable IB pedagogy trends. To assess this possible generalizability, we explore questions related to the development of our program using self-reported, publically-available websites of the top full-time MBA programs throughout the United States. Our questions focus on the role of foreign languages, study abroad opportunities, integrative courses, capstone/thesis projects, and faculty development. Our exploration indicates that these five questions are important not only for educators developing future programs, but also for students examining potential IB programs. Additionally, our research examines a sixth question focused on the development of competitive positioning and program differentiation in IB programs. We hope to motivate future inquiry into IB pedagogy, which could inform more effective means of improving IB education. (C) 2011 Kelley School of Business, Indiana University. All rights reserved.
C1 [Martin, John A.; Heppard, Kurt A.; Green, Steve G.] USAF Acad, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
RP Martin, JA (reprint author), USAF Acad, 2354 Fairchild Dr,Ste 6H-130, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
EM john.martin@usafa.edu; kurt.heppard@usafa.edu; steve.green@usafa.edu
NR 42
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 7
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0007-6813
J9 BUS HORIZONS
JI Bus. Horiz.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2011
VL 54
IS 4
SI SI
BP 355
EP 363
DI 10.1016/j.bushor.2011.03.002
PG 9
WC Business
SC Business & Economics
GA 787JA
UT WOS:000292371200009
ER

PT J
AU Mahulkar, V
   Adams, DE
   Derriso, M
AF Mahulkar, Vishal
   Adams, Douglas E.
   Derriso, Mark
TI Derivative free filtering in hydraulic systems for fault identification
SO CONTROL ENGINEERING PRACTICE
LA English
DT Article
DE Divided difference filtering; Hydraulic system; Fault identification;
   Estimation; System identification; Leakage
ID EXTENDED KALMAN FILTER; PARAMETER-ESTIMATION; NONLINEAR-SYSTEMS;
   DIAGNOSIS; OBSERVER; SUSPENSIONS; CYLINDER
AB Diagnosis of incipient faults in hydraulic systems is of prime importance due to the performance and reliability demands. This paper outlines the application of derivative free filtering in hydraulic systems for the purpose of real-time fault identification. A flexible experimental setup is constructed in order to simulate different types of faults. The method in this paper deals with internal leakage faults. A detailed non-linear model of the hydraulic actuator experimental setup is developed and validated. Robust control strategies typically hide the presence of faults during incipient stages, making identification of the fault difficult. A partial feedback linearization based robust position control strategy is also presented and faults are identified in the presence of robust control. Faults in the hydraulic systems are modeled as parametric faults and second order divided difference filtering (DDF) is used to estimate the states and the parameters. The efficacy of this estimation algorithm is demonstrated using different fault levels as well as different fault growth profiles. The accuracy and the reliability of the methodology are also demonstrated by identifying faults as small as .01 l/s. (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Derriso, Mark] USAF, Air Vehicles Directorate, AF Res Lab, Dayton, OH USA.
RP Mahulkar, V (reprint author), 1500 Kepner Dr, Lafayette, IN 47905 USA.
EM vmahulka@purdue.edu; deadams@purdue.edu; mark.derriso@wpafb.af.mil
NR 39
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 14
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0967-0661
J9 CONTROL ENG PRACT
JI Control Eng. Practice
PD JUL
PY 2011
VL 19
IS 7
BP 649
EP 657
DI 10.1016/j.conengprac.2011.01.003
PG 9
WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering
GA 788HY
UT WOS:000292437200001
ER

PT J
AU Parthasarathy, TA
   Petry, MD
   Jefferson, G
   Cinibulk, MK
   Mathur, T
   Gruber, MR
AF Parthasarathy, Triplicane A.
   Petry, M. Dennis
   Jefferson, George
   Cinibulk, Michael K.
   Mathur, Tarun
   Gruber, Mark R.
TI Development of a Test to Evaluate Aerothermal Response of Materials to
   Hypersonic Flow Using a Scramjet Wind Tunnel
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF APPLIED CERAMIC TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
AB A methodology to evaluate the aerothermal response of sharp leading edge materials by exposing them directly to hypersonic flow up to Mach 7 was developed and evaluated. The exposure was conducted using a prototype scramjet engine as a wind tunnel. A sample holder was designed using combustion fluid dynamics results as inputs into structural models. The rig conditions were evaluated and found to be close to those during free flight, with respect to aerothermal parameters of importance for material survivability. Samples of ultra high-temperature ceramics and SiC were found to withstand the short-term exposure that simulated Mach 6.5 at 25 km altitude.
C1 [Parthasarathy, Triplicane A.; Petry, M. Dennis; Jefferson, George; Cinibulk, Michael K.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, AFRL RXLN, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Mathur, Tarun] ISSI, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
   [Gruber, Mark R.] USAF, Res Lab, Prop & Power Directorate, AFRL RZAS, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Parthasarathy, TA (reprint author), UES Inc, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
EM triplicane.parthasarathy@wpafb.af.mil
RI Parthasarathy, Triplicane/B-7146-2011
OI Parthasarathy, Triplicane/0000-0002-5449-9754
FU USAF [FA8650-04-D-5233]; United States AFOSR
FX This work was financially supported under USAF Contract #
   FA8650-04-D-5233.; This work was supported in part by United States
   AFOSR.
NR 17
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 6
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1546-542X
J9 INT J APPL CERAM TEC
JI Int. J. Appl. Ceram. Technol.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2011
VL 8
IS 4
BP 832
EP 847
DI 10.1111/j.1744-7402.2010.02515.x
PG 16
WC Materials Science, Ceramics
SC Materials Science
GA 788ND
UT WOS:000292450800016
ER

PT J
AU Bagley, JQ
   Tsang, L
   Ding, KH
   Ishimaru, A
AF Bagley, J. Quinn
   Tsang, Leung
   Ding, Kung Hau
   Ishimaru, Akira
TI Optical transmission through a plasmon film lens with small roughness:
   enhanced spatial resolution of images of single source and multiple
   sources
SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID ELECTROMAGNETIC-FIELDS; PERFECT LENS; SUPERLENS
AB We study image enhancement of transmitted optical fields though plasmon film lenses with smooth surfaces, random rough surfaces, and sinusoidal rough surfaces. We show that the silver film lens with subwavelength roughness provides image enhancement by reducing the spatial width of the image while preserving the image integrity. Images of multiple sources at random positions are enhanced, are spatial translational invariant for subwavelength spacing, and the quality of the enhanced images is preserved. Two numerical methods, namely, the method of moments and the T-matrix method, are used to calculate the theoretical results providing a validity check of the accuracy of the solutions. The analytic small perturbation method to arbitrary orders is utilized to demonstrate image enhancement effects in the spectral domain. The role of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) in plasmon imaging is explained and it is shown that the surface with subwavelength roughness enhances images by suppression of the SPPs. (C) 2011 Optical Society of America
C1 [Bagley, J. Quinn; Tsang, Leung; Ishimaru, Akira] Univ Washington, Dept Elect Engn, Seattle, WA 98005 USA.
   [Ding, Kung Hau] USAF, Sensors Directorate, Res Lab, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
RP Bagley, JQ (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Elect Engn, Seattle, WA 98005 USA.
EM quinn@uw.edu
FU U.S. Department of Defense; Air Force Office of Scientific Research
   (USAFOSR)
FX This work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Defense under
   the Science, Mathematics, and Research for Transformation (SMART)
   Defense Scholarship for Service Program awarded to J. Quinn Bagley. Dr.
   Kung-Hau Ding was supported in part by the Air Force Office of
   Scientific Research (USAFOSR).
NR 17
TC 9
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 4
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0740-3224
J9 J OPT SOC AM B
JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys.
PD JUL
PY 2011
VL 28
IS 7
BP 1766
EP 1777
PG 12
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 788PW
UT WOS:000292457900028
ER

PT J
AU Kim, JH
   Semiatin, SL
   Lee, YH
   Lee, CS
AF Kim, Jeoung Han
   Semiatin, S. L.
   Lee, You Hwan
   Lee, Chong Soo
TI A Self-Consistent Approach for Modeling the Flow Behavior of the Alpha
   and Beta Phases in Ti-6Al-4V
SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND
   MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE DEFORMATION; TITANIUM-ALLOYS; HOT-WORKING; SUPERPLASTIC
   DEFORMATION; PLASTIC-FLOW; MICROSTRUCTURE; POLYCRYSTALS; COMPOSITES;
   PREDICTION; TEXTURE
AB The flow behavior of the alpha and beta phases in Ti-6Al-4V was interpreted in the context of a self-consistent modeling formalism. For this purpose, high-temperature compression tests were conducted at various temperatures for a single-phase alpha alloy (Ti-7Al-1.5V), a variety of near-beta alloys, and the two-phase alloy Ti-6Al-4V, each with an equiaxed microstructure. The flow behavior of the alpha phase in Ti-6Al-4V was deduced from the experimental results of the single-phase alpha alloy. The flow behavior of the beta phase, which was predicted by using the self-consistent approach and the measured flow behaviors of Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-7Al-1.5V, showed good agreement with direct measurements of the various near-beta alloys. From these results, it was shown that the strength of the alpha phase is approximately three times higher than that of the beta phase at temperatures between 1088 K and 1223 K (815 A degrees C and 950 A degrees C). It was also concluded that the relative strain rates in the two phases varies significantly with temperature. The usefulness of the approach was confirmed by comparing the predicted and measured flow stresses for other Ti-6Al-4V and near-alpha alloys.
C1 [Kim, Jeoung Han] Korea Inst Mat Sci, Struct Mat Div, Chang Won 641010, South Korea.
   [Kim, Jeoung Han; Lee, Chong Soo] Pohang Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Pohang 790784, South Korea.
   [Semiatin, S. L.] AFRL, RXLM, Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson Afb, OH USA.
   [Lee, You Hwan] POSCO, Tech Res Labs, Wire Rod Res Grp, Pohang 790784, South Korea.
RP Kim, JH (reprint author), Korea Inst Mat Sci, Struct Mat Div, Chang Won 641010, South Korea.
EM cslee@postech.ac.kr
RI Lee, Chong Soo/F-5814-2013; SEMIATIN, SHELDON/E-7264-2017
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research; Asian Office of Aerospace
   Research and Development
FX The work was supported in part by the Air Force Office of Scientific
   Research and its Asian Office of Aerospace Research and Development (Dr.
   Ken Goretta and Dr. Joan Fuller, program managers). It was also
   conducted as a part of an in-house research project of Korea Institute
   of Materials Science.
NR 29
TC 12
Z9 13
U1 2
U2 17
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1073-5623
J9 METALL MATER TRANS A
JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2011
VL 42A
IS 7
BP 1805
EP 1814
DI 10.1007/s11661-010-0567-x
PG 10
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
   Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 775SS
UT WOS:000291484300009
ER

PT J
AU Bebarta, VS
   Maddry, J
   Borys, DJ
   Morgan, DL
AF Bebarta, Vikhyat S.
   Maddry, Joseph
   Borys, Douglas J.
   Morgan, David L.
TI Incidence of tricyclic antidepressant-like complications after
   cyclobenzaprine overdose
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID MUSCLE-RELAXANTS; DRUGS
AB Background: The cyclobenzaprine structure is similar to amitriptyline; however, tricyclic antidepressant (TCA)-like wide complex dysrhythmia has not been reported. Our objective was to determine the incidence of TCA-like effects in cyclobenzaprine overdoses as reported to 6 poison centers for 2 years. We compared the incidence of these effects to amitriptyline overdoses collected during the same period.
   Methods: We performed a retrospective review of 2 years of cases as reported to the Texas Poison Center Network. We identified sole ingestions of cyclobenzaprine and of amitriptyline. Cases had a recorded clinical outcome and clinical effect. A trained reviewer used a standard data collection sheet within a secured electronic database. One investigator audited a random sample of charts.
   Results: We identified 3974 cases of cyclobenzaprine calls. Of these, we collected 209 cases of acute overdoses without coingestions. There were no deaths. No cases of cyclobenzaprine ingestions were reported to have died or have a wide QRS or ventricular dysrhythmia. Seizures were reported in 2 cases; however, both were unrelated to cyclobenzaprine. Hypotension was reported in 1.4% (3/209) of cases, and a vasopressor was used in one case (0.5%). Patients with an amitriptyline overdose were more likely to have seizure, coma, tachycardia, a wide QRS or ventricular dysrhythmia, and have received sodium bicarbonate or be intubated.
   Conclusions: Cyclobenzaprine overdoses were not reported to cause widened QRS, ventricular dysrhythmias, or seizures, and hypotension was rarely reported. Tricyclic antidepressant-related effects occurred more often in our comparison group of amitriptyline overdoses. (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 [Bebarta, Vikhyat S.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, San Antonio, TX 78261 USA.
   [Maddry, Joseph] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio Uniformed Serv Hlth Educ Consortium, San Antonio, TX 78261 USA.
   [Borys, Douglas J.] Cent Texas Poison Ctr, Temple, TX USA.
   [Morgan, David L.] Texas A&M Univ, Coll Med, Hlth Sci Ctr, Scott & White Hosp, Temple, TX 76508 USA.
RP Bebarta, VS (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, San Antonio, TX 78261 USA.
EM vikbebarta@yahoo.com; joseph.maddry@gmail.com; dborys@swmail.sw.org;
   dlmorgan@swmail.sw.org
NR 21
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 5
PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA
SN 0735-6757
J9 AM J EMERG MED
JI Am. J. Emerg. Med.
PD JUL
PY 2011
VL 29
IS 6
BP 645
EP 649
DI 10.1016/j.ajem.2010.01.014
PG 5
WC Emergency Medicine
SC Emergency Medicine
GA 786KF
UT WOS:000292306100012
PM 20825849
ER

PT J
AU Jersey, SL
   Hundemer, GL
   Stuart, RP
   West, KN
   Michaelson, RS
   Pilmanis, AA
AF Jersey, Sean L.
   Hundemer, Gregory L.
   Stuart, Rory P.
   West, Kelly N.
   Michaelson, Robert S.
   Pilmanis, Andrew A.
TI Neurological Altitude Decompression Sickness Among U-2 Pilots: 2002-2009
SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
DE U-2; decompression sickness; neurological; exercise; risk mitigation
ID EXPOSURES; SERIES
AB JERSEY SL, HUNDEMER GL, STUART RP, WEST KN, MICHAELSON RS, PILMANIS AA. Neurological altitude decompression sickness among U-2 pilots: 2002-2009. Aviat Space Environ Med 2011; 82:673-82.
   Introduction: Compared to the previous 47 yr, U-2 pilots reported an increased number of altitude decompression sickness (DCS) incidents with central nervous system (CNS) manifestations during 2002-2009. Due to increasing incident severity during military operations, the U.S. Air Force initiated an investigation to prevent future mishaps. Methods: We retrospectively examined all neurological DCS cases observed among U-2 pilots during 2002-2009. Urgency to prevent further pilot losses limited this study to using existing, often incomplete data sources. Results: During 2002-2009, 16 confirmed incidents of CNS DCS occurred with 13 pilots, plus 4 possible incidents with 4 pilots. Significantly, 12 of 16 confirmed incidents occurred at 1 operating location, including 4 of 5 life-threatening cases. This series of cases were of a type and severity rarely found in flight operations and correlated temporally with increased sortie frequency/duration associated with combat operations. Multiple investigations confirmed no defects in aircraft, support equipment, or oxygen supplies. Nor were significant trends observed with age, habitus, environmental exposure, medication use, or cardiac defects. In 11 cases, symptom recognition occurred well after the 4-h point where clinical experience indicated risk should stabilize. Symptoms also recurred clays later and responded to repeat hyperbaric oxygen therapy in three of four cases. Finally, neuropsychiatric symptoms persisted in six pilots for years and may represent permanent injury. Conclusions: An increase in U-2 CNS DCS cases probably resulted from more cockpit activity combined with longer, more frequent high-altitude exposures. Adjustments in preoxygenation, cabin altitude, exercise at altitude, and frequency of flights may reduce incidence.
C1 [Jersey, Sean L.; Stuart, Rory P.] David Grant USAF Med Ctr, Med Grp 60, Travis AFB, CA 94535 USA.
   [West, Kelly N.] Med Grp 9, Beale AFB, CA USA.
   [Michaelson, Robert S.] USAF Sch Aerosp Med, Hyperbar Med Branch, Brooks City Base, TX USA.
RP Jersey, SL (reprint author), David Grant USAF Med Ctr, Med Grp 60, 60 MDTS SGQX,101 Bodin Circle, Travis AFB, CA 94535 USA.
EM sean.jersey@us.af.mil
FU USAF Aeromedical Library at Brooks City-Base
FX The authors sincerely thank the U-2 pilots for sharing their experiences
   and continued service to the nation. We greatly appreciate the
   invaluable contributions to this analysis from Dr. Tom Morgan and Dr.
   James Webb. We also thank the reviewers for their thoughtful comments
   and constructive criticism in preparing this article. Finally, we extend
   our thanks to the staff at the USAF Aeromedical Library at Brooks
   City-Base for their outstanding research support.
NR 19
TC 10
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 3
PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA
SN 0095-6562
J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD
JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med.
PD JUL
PY 2011
VL 82
IS 7
BP 673
EP 682
DI 10.3357/ASEM.2851.2011
PG 10
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General &
   Internal; Sport Sciences
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal
   Medicine; Sport Sciences
GA 784QA
UT WOS:000292172100001
PM 21748904
ER

PT J
AU Gibb, R
   Ercoline, B
   Scharff, L
AF Gibb, Randy
   Ercoline, Bill
   Scharff, Lauren
TI Spatial Disorientation: Decades of Pilot Fatalities
SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE
LA English
DT Review
DE aviation mishaps; aviation accidents; aviation spatial orientafion;
   aviation safety; aviation training simulators
ID OPERATIONS; MISHAPS
AB GIBB R, ERCOLINE B, SCHARFF L. Spatial disorientation: decades of pilot fatalities. Aviat Space Environ Med 2011; 82:717-24.
   Spatial disorientation (SD) has been a contributing factor in aviation mishaps for decades and efforts to mitigate SD have not been proportionate to the danger it poses to pilots. We argue that SD contributes to nearly 33% of all mishaps with a fatality rate of almost 100%. However, SD has not garnered the respect and awareness it requires from leadership and pilots because of historically inaccurate reporting within accident investigations and under-reporting of SD data in research. Over 30 research studies and 10 mishap case studies are presented to portray SD's role in aviation accidents since 1913. Research and training are recommended to improve pilot respect and awareness for SD-inducing scenarios that would include pilot recognition and successful recovery using SD-specific simulators. Consequently, funding is needed to further SD research, to fund SD training, as well as amend the current mishap investigation process to better articulate SD contributions in aviation accidents.
C1 [Gibb, Randy; Ercoline, Bill; Scharff, Lauren] USAF Acad, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
RP Gibb, R (reprint author), USAF Acad, 2354 Fairchild Dr,Ste 6L-166, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
EM randall.gibb@usafa.edu
FU USAF; Department of Defense
FX The authors would like to thank Dr. Angus Rupert and CDR Pete Wechgelaer
   for their contributions to this paper. We also would like to pay tribute
   to the late Dr. Grant McNaughton, who made significant contributions to
   aviation safety. The opinions, interpretations, conclusions, and
   recommendations are those of the authors and are not necessarily
   endorsed by the USAF and/or the Department of Defense.
NR 50
TC 20
Z9 22
U1 1
U2 5
PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA
SN 0095-6562
J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD
JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med.
PD JUL
PY 2011
VL 82
IS 7
BP 717
EP 724
DI 10.3357/ASEM.3048.2011
PG 8
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General &
   Internal; Sport Sciences
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal
   Medicine; Sport Sciences
GA 784QA
UT WOS:000292172100008
PM 21748911
ER

PT J
AU Meola, J
   Eismann, MT
   Moses, RL
   Ash, JN
AF Meola, Joseph
   Eismann, Michael T.
   Moses, Randolph L.
   Ash, Joshua N.
TI Detecting Changes in Hyperspectral Imagery Using a Model-Based Approach
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
DE Change detection; hyperspectral; hypothesis testing; image analysis;
   optimization; physical model
ID ATMOSPHERIC CORRECTION; ANOMALY DETECTION; SEGMENTATION
AB Within the hyperspectral community, change detection is a continued area of interest. Interesting changes in imagery typically correspond to changes in material reflectance associated with pixels in the scene. Using a physical model describing the sensor-reaching radiance, change detection can be formulated as a statistical hypothesis test. Complicating the problem of change detection is the presence of shadow, illumination, and atmospheric differences, as well as misregistration and parallax error, which often produce the appearance of change. The proposed physical model incorporates terms to account for both direct and diffuse shadow fractions to help mitigate false alarms associated with shadow differences between scenes. The resulting generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT) provides an indicator of change at each pixel. The maximum likelihood estimates of the physical model parameters used for the GLRT are obtained from the entire joint data set to take advantage of coupled information existing between pixel measurements. Simulation results using synthetic and real imagery demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed approach.
C1 [Meola, Joseph] USAF, Res Lab, RYMT, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Moses, Randolph L.; Ash, Joshua N.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Columbus, OH 43201 USA.
RP Meola, J (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, RYMT, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM joseph.meola@wpafb.af.mil; michael.eismann@wpafb.af.mil;
   moses.2@osu.edu; ashj@ece.osu.edu
NR 53
TC 27
Z9 28
U1 1
U2 13
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0196-2892
EI 1558-0644
J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE
JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing
PD JUL
PY 2011
VL 49
IS 7
BP 2647
EP 2661
DI 10.1109/TGRS.2011.2109726
PG 15
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote
   Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science
   & Photographic Technology
GA 783VJ
UT WOS:000292111800015
ER

PT J
AU Li, YR
   Shen, LX
   Dai, DQ
   Suter, BW
AF Li, Yan-Ran
   Shen, Lixin
   Dai, Dao-Qing
   Suter, Bruce W.
TI Framelet Algorithms for De-Blurring Images Corrupted by Impulse Plus
   Gaussian Noise
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON IMAGE PROCESSING
LA English
DT Article
DE Adaptive iterated algorithm; parameter-free; tight framelet
ID LINEAR INVERSE PROBLEMS; PRESERVING REGULARIZATION; THRESHOLDING
   ALGORITHM; WAVELET SHRINKAGE; TIGHT FRAME; RESTORATION; RECONSTRUCTION;
   RECOVERY; REMOVAL; MINIMIZATION
AB This paper studies a problem of image restoration that observed images are contaminated by Gaussian and impulse noise. Existing methods for this problem in the literature are based on minimizing an objective functional having the fidelity term and the Mumford-Shah regularizer. We present an algorithm on this problem by minimizing a new objective functional. The proposed functional has a content-dependent fidelity term which assimilates the strength of fidelity terms measured by the l(1) and l(2) norms. The regularizer in the functional is formed by the l(1) norm of tight framelet coefficients of the underlying image. The selected tight framelet filters are able to extract geometric features of images. We then propose an iterative framelet-based approximation/sparsity deblurring algorithm (IFASDA) for the proposed functional. Parameters in IFASDA are adaptively varying at each iteration and are determined automatically. In this sense, IFASDA is a parameter-free algorithm. This advantage makes the algorithm more attractive and practical. The effectiveness of IFASDA is experimentally illustrated on problems of image deblurring with Gaussian and impulse noise. Improvements in both PSNR and visual quality of IFASDA over a typical existing method are demonstrated. In addition, Fast_IFASDA, an accelerated algorithm of IFASDA, is also developed.
C1 [Li, Yan-Ran] Shenzhen Univ, Coll Comp Sci & Software Engn, Shenzhen City Key Lab Embedded Syst Design, Shenzhen 518060, Peoples R China.
   [Shen, Lixin] Syracuse Univ, Dept Math, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA.
   [Dai, Dao-Qing] Sun Yat Sen Univ, Fac Math & Comp, Ctr Comp Vis, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
   [Dai, Dao-Qing] Sun Yat Sen Univ, Fac Math & Comp, Dept Math, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
   [Suter, Bruce W.] USAF, Res Lab, Rome, NY 13441 USA.
RP Li, YR (reprint author), Shenzhen Univ, Coll Comp Sci & Software Engn, Shenzhen City Key Lab Embedded Syst Design, Shenzhen 518060, Peoples R China.
EM lyran@szu.edu.cn; lshen03@syr.edu; stsddq@mail.sysu.edu.cn;
   bruce.suter@rl.af.mil
FU National Science Foundation (NSF) of China [10771220, 90920007,
   60903112]; Ministry of Education of China [SRFDP-20070558043]; National
   Science Foundation [DMS-0712827]; Air Force Visiting Summer Faculty
   Program; Air Force Summer Extension Grant
FX Manuscript received April 03, 2010; revised August 23, 2010 and November
   16, 2010; accepted December 16, 2010. Date of publication January 06,
   2011; date of current version June 17, 2011. This work was supported in
   part by the National Science Foundation (NSF) of China under Grant
   10771220, Grant 90920007, and Grant 60903112, the Ministry of Education
   of China under Grant SRFDP-20070558043, the National Science Foundation
   under Grant DMS-0712827, Air Force Visiting Summer Faculty Program, and
   Air Force Summer Extension Grant. The associate editor coordinating the
   review of this manuscript and approving it for publication was Dr.
   Yongyi Yang.
NR 60
TC 30
Z9 30
U1 1
U2 13
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1057-7149
J9 IEEE T IMAGE PROCESS
JI IEEE Trans. Image Process.
PD JUL
PY 2011
VL 20
IS 7
BP 1822
EP 1837
DI 10.1109/TIP.2010.2103950
PG 16
WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical &
   Electronic
SC Computer Science; Engineering
GA 780AO
UT WOS:000291823600005
PM 21216712
ER

PT J
AU Sego, DJ
   Griffiths, H
   Wicks, MC
AF Sego, D. J.
   Griffiths, H.
   Wicks, M. C.
TI Waveform and aperture design for low-frequency RF tomography
SO IET RADAR SONAR AND NAVIGATION
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 5th International Waveform Diversity and Design Conference (WDD)
CY AUG 03-10, 2010
CL Niagara Falls, CANADA
ID ROTATING OBJECTS
AB Multiple applications would benefit from low frequency, three-dimensional (3-D), high resolution, imagery, among them remote archeological survey through foliage, and detecting voids in collapsed structures and underground. High vertical resolution circular SAR requires ultrawideband waveforms, a problematic aspect in the modern RF spectral environment, particularly at lower frequencies. RF tomography offers the potential to yield high, 3-D resolution using spectrally sparse, narrowband waveforms simultaneously with operation at frequencies that have demonstrated favourable penetration through intervening dielectric media. In this paper, we explore this potential; evaluating minimal spatial support tomographic apertures, combining diverse narrowband signals with 2- and 3-dimensional monostatic and bistatic apertures. Results are presented in terms of image quality metrics: resolution and sidelobe levels. It is shown that, generally, frequency selection is a soft constraint in terms of the achievable resolution and sidelobe levels, that the tomographic aperture with spatial sampling that is linearly continuous and substantially less than hemispherical yields high spatial resolution, and that there is interaction between the tomographic aperture and the waveform set as evidenced in the point spread function. Additionally the bistatic contribution of the collection aperture Fourier surface is demonstrated to enhance image quality when combined in a hybrid monostatic-bistatic aperture.
C1 [Sego, D. J.] Univ Coll London, Dept Elect & Elect Engn, Seattle, WA 98104 USA.
   [Griffiths, H.] UCL, Dept Elect & Elect Engn, London, England.
   [Wicks, M. C.] USAF, Res Lab, Sensors Directorate, Rome, NY USA.
RP Sego, DJ (reprint author), Univ Coll London, Dept Elect & Elect Engn, Seattle, WA 98104 USA.
EM daniel.j.sego@boeing.com
NR 30
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 5
PU INST ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY-IET
PI HERTFORD
PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD SG1 2AY, ENGLAND
SN 1751-8784
J9 IET RADAR SONAR NAV
JI IET Radar Sonar Navig.
PD JUL
PY 2011
VL 5
IS 6
BP 686
EP 696
DI 10.1049/iet-rsn.2011.0014
PG 11
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA 784VX
UT WOS:000292187500012
ER

PT J
AU Li, CH
   Li, T
   Hodgins, P
   Hunter, CN
   Voevodin, AA
   Jones, JG
   Peterson, GP
AF Li, Calvin H.
   Li, T.
   Hodgins, Paul
   Hunter, Chad N.
   Voevodin, Andrey A.
   Jones, John G.
   Peterson, G. P.
TI Comparison study of liquid replenishing impacts on critical heat flux
   and heat transfer coefficient of nucleate pool boiling on multiscale
   modulated porous structures
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
LA English
DT Article
DE Two-phase change heat transfer; Nucleate boiling; Multiscale modulated
   porous structure; CHF
ID SATURATED FC-72; TRANSFER ENHANCEMENT; SURFACES; COPPER; COATINGS;
   INTERFACES
AB The critical heat flux (CHF) and heat transfer coefficient of de-ionized (DI) water pool boiling have been experimentally studied on a plain surface, one uniform thick porous structure, two modulated porous structures and two hybrid modulated porous structures. The modulated porous structure design has a porous base of 0.55 mm thick with four 3 mm diameter porous pillars of 3.6 mm high on the top of the base. The microparticle size combinations of porous base and porous pillars are uniform 250 mu m, uniform 400 mu m, 250 mu m for base and 400 mu m for pillars, and 400 mu m for base and 250 mu m for pillars. Both the CHF and heat transfer coefficient are significantly improved by the modulated porous. The boiling curves for different kinds of porous structures and a plain surface are compared and analyzed. Hydrodynamic instability for the two-phase change heat transfer has been delayed by the porous pillars which dramatically enhances the CHF. The highest pool boiling heat flux occurring on the modulated porous structures has a value of 450 W/cm(2), over three times of the CHF on a plain surface. Additionally, the highest heat transfer coefficient also reaches a value of 20 W/cm(2) K, three times of that on a plain copper surface. The study also demonstrates that the horizontal liquid replenishing is equally important as the vertical liquid replenishing for the enhancement of heat transfer coefficient and CHF improvement in nucleate pool boiling. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Li, Calvin H.] Villanova Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Villanova, PA 19085 USA.
   [Li, Calvin H.; Hunter, Chad N.; Voevodin, Andrey A.; Jones, John G.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Thermal Sci & Mat Branch, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Li, Calvin H.; Li, T.; Hodgins, Paul] Univ Toledo, Dept Mech Ind & Mfg Engn, Toledo, OH 43606 USA.
   [Peterson, G. P.] Georgia Inst Technol, GW Woodruff Sch Mech Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
RP Li, CH (reprint author), Villanova Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Villanova, PA 19085 USA.
EM calvin.li@villanova.edu
RI Li, Calvin Hong/B-6905-2009; Voevodin, Andrey/I-6684-2013
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research
FX The authors would like to acknowledge colleagues at Air Force Research
   Laboratory, Thermal Sciences and Materials Branch. The generous support
   of Villanova University Startup Fund, deArce Memorial Endorsement Award,
   Strategic Enhancement Award, and the funding support from Air Force
   Office of Scientific Research is appreciated.
NR 33
TC 30
Z9 32
U1 4
U2 38
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0017-9310
EI 1879-2189
J9 INT J HEAT MASS TRAN
JI Int. J. Heat Mass Transf.
PD JUL
PY 2011
VL 54
IS 15-16
BP 3146
EP 3155
DI 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2011.03.062
PG 10
WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics
SC Thermodynamics; Engineering; Mechanics
GA 780XR
UT WOS:000291895100006
ER

PT J
AU Dalal, KM
   Gollub, MJ
   Miner, TJ
   Wong, WD
   Gerdes, H
   Schattner, MA
   Jaques, DP
   Temple, LKF
AF Dalal, Kimberly Moore
   Gollub, Marc J.
   Miner, Thomas J.
   Wong, W. Douglas
   Gerdes, Hans
   Schattner, Mark A.
   Jaques, David P.
   Temple, Larissa K. F.
TI Management of Patients with Malignant Bowel Obstruction and Stage IV
   Colorectal Cancer
SO JOURNAL OF PALLIATIVE MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID INTESTINAL-OBSTRUCTION; SURGICAL-MANAGEMENT; GASTROINTESTINAL
   OBSTRUCTION; PALLIATIVE SURGERY; DIAGNOSIS; CT; CARCINOMA; RADIOLOGY
AB Background: Malignant bowel obstruction (MBO), a serious problem in stage IV colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, remains poorly understood. Optimal management requires realistic assessment of treatment goals. This study's purpose is to characterize outcomes following palliative intervention for MBO in the setting of metastatic CRC.
   Study Design: Retrospective review of a prospective palliative database identified 141 patients undergoing surgical (OR; n = 96) or endoscopic (GI; n = 45) procedures for symptoms of MBO.
   Results: Median patient age was 58 years, median follow-up 7 months. Most (63%) had multiple sites of metastases. Computed tomography (CT) scan findings of carcinomatosis (p = 0.002), ascites (p = 0.05), and multifocal obstruction with carcinomatosis and ascites (p = 0.03) significantly predicted the need for percutaneous or open gastrostomy tube, or stoma. Procedure-associated morbidity for 81 patients with small bowel obstruction (SBO) was 37%; 7% developed an enterocutaneous fistula/anastomotic leak. Thirty-day mortality was 6%. Most (84%) patients were palliated successfully; some received additional chemotherapy (38%) or surgery (12%). Procedure-associated morbidity for 60 patients with large bowel obstruction (LBO) was 25%; 11 patients (18%) required other procedures for stent failure, with one death at 30 days. Symptom resolution was >97%. Patients with LBO had improved symptom resolution, shorter length of stay (LOS), and longer median survival than patients with SBO.
   Conclusions: Patients with MBO and stage IV CRC were successfully palliated with GI or OR procedures. Patients with CT-identified ascites, carcinomatosis, or multifocal obstruction were least likely to benefit from OR procedures. CT plays an important role in preoperative planning. Sound clinical judgment and improved understanding are required for optimal management of MBO.
C1 [Temple, Larissa K. F.] Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Dept Surg, Colorectal Serv, New York, NY 10065 USA.
   [Gollub, Marc J.] Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Dept Radiol, New York, NY 10065 USA.
   [Gerdes, Hans; Schattner, Mark A.] Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Div Gastroenterol, New York, NY 10065 USA.
   [Miner, Thomas J.] Brown Univ, Rhode Isl Hosp, Dept Surg, Warren Alpert Med Sch, Providence, RI 02903 USA.
   [Dalal, Kimberly Moore] David Grant US Air Force Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Fairfield, CA USA.
   [Dalal, Kimberly Moore] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Surg, Med Ctr, San Francisco, CA USA.
RP Temple, LKF (reprint author), Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Dept Surg, Colorectal Serv, 1275 York Ave,Room C-1079, New York, NY 10065 USA.
EM templel@mskcc.org
FU American Gastroenterological Association; American Society of Clinical
   Oncology; American Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology;
   Society of Surgical Oncology
FX This study was presented, in part, at the Gastrointestinal Cancers
   Symposium (co-sponsored by the American Gastroenterological Association,
   the American Society of Clinical Oncology, the American Society for
   Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology, and the Society of Surgical
   Oncology), January 26-28, 2006, San Francisco, California.
NR 34
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 4
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC
PI NEW ROCHELLE
PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA
SN 1096-6218
J9 J PALLIAT MED
JI J. Palliat. Med.
PD JUL
PY 2011
VL 14
IS 7
BP 822
EP 828
DI 10.1089/jpm.2010.0506
PG 7
WC Health Care Sciences & Services
SC Health Care Sciences & Services
GA 782PP
UT WOS:000292021900008
PM 21595546
ER

PT J
AU Bidinger, JJ
   Sky, K
   Battafarano, DF
   Henning, JS
AF Bidinger, Jeffrey J.
   Sky, Karen
   Battafarano, Daniel F.
   Henning, J. Scott
TI The cutaneous and systemic manifestations of azathioprine
   hypersensitivity syndrome
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
DE adverse reaction; azathioprine; azathioprine hypersensitivity syndrome;
   side effects; Sweet's syndrome
ID INDUCED SWEETS-SYNDROME; ULCERATIVE-COLITIS; CROHNS-DISEASE;
   RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; NEUTROPHILIC DERMATOSIS; FEBRILE DERMATOSIS;
   PATIENT; THERAPY; MIMICKING; VASCULITIS
AB Background. Azathioprine (AZA) hypersensitivity syndrome is a rare side effect that typically occurs early in the initiation of therapy and may include a cutaneous eruption. It is often under-recognized because it mimics infection or disease exacerbation. Until recently, the cutaneous findings associated with AZA hypersensitivity have been reported using nonspecific, descriptive terms without a supportive diagnostic biopsy.
   Objective: To characterize the cutaneous and histologic findings associated with AZA hypersensitivity syndrome.
   Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of two cases of AZA hypersensitivity syndrome and describe the cutaneous manifestations and histological findings of each case. A review of the English literature for cases of AZA hypersensitivity or allergic or adverse reactions associated with AZA was performed.
   Results: Sixty-seven cases of AZA hypersensitivity were reviewed; 49% (33/67) had cutaneous manifestations. Of those cases presenting with cutaneous findings, 76% (25/33) had biopsy results or clinical features consistent with a neutrophilic dermatosis, whereas the other 24% (8/33) were reported as a nonspecific cutaneous eruption.
   Limitations: Only case reports in which the skin findings could be classified were reviewed.
   Conclusions: The predominant cutaneous reaction reported in the literature and observed in the present case series is a neutrophilic dermatosis. Hypersensitivity to AZA can manifest along a wide clinical spectrum from local neutrophilic disease to a systemic syndrome. Skin findings may be an important early clue to the diagnosis of AZA hypersensitivity and aid in prompt recognition and treatment of this potentially life-threatening adverse drug effect. (J Am Acad Dermatol 2011;65:184-91.)
C1 [Bidinger, Jeffrey J.; Henning, J. Scott] San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, San Antonio, TX USA.
   [Sky, Karen; Battafarano, Daniel F.] San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, Dept Rheumatol, San Antonio, TX USA.
RP Henning, JS (reprint author), DO, 59 MDOS SG05D Dermatol,2200 Bergquist Dr,Suite 1, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
EM henning.scott@gmail.com
NR 47
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 2
PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0190-9622
J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL
JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol.
PD JUL
PY 2011
VL 65
IS 1
BP 184
EP 191
DI 10.1016/j.jaad.2010.04.041
PG 8
WC Dermatology
SC Dermatology
GA 785IH
UT WOS:000292222200020
PM 21496951
ER

PT J
AU Zhou, Z
   Gill, AS
   Qian, D
   Mannava, SR
   Langer, K
   Wen, YH
   Vasudevan, VK
AF Zhou, Zhong
   Gill, Amrinder S.
   Qian, Dong
   Mannava, S. R.
   Langer, Kristina
   Wen, Youhai
   Vasudevan, Vijay K.
TI A finite element study of thermal relaxation of residual stress in laser
   shock peened IN718 superalloy
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Inconel 718; Laser shock peening; Residual stress relaxation; Finite
   element analysis
ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE; INCONEL-718; NICKEL; FATIGUE; MICROSTRUCTURE;
   BEHAVIOR; IMPACT; ALLOY
AB The residual stresses in laser shock peened (LSP) Inconel 718 Ni-base superalloy and their thermal relaxation behavior were investigated based on three-dimensional nonlinear finite element analysis. To account for the nonlinear constitutive behavior, the Johnson Cook model has been employed and the model parameters for high strain rate response of IN718 are calibrated by comparison with recent experimental results. Based on the LSP simulation, the thermal relaxation behavior was studied through coupled thermal-structure analysis in LS-DYNA. More specifically, the effects of test temperature, exposure time and degree of initial plastic deformation are analyzed and discussed. It is observed that stress relaxation mainly occurs during the initial period of exposure, and the relaxation amplitude increases with the increase of applied temperature and as-peened plastic deformation. Based on the simulation results, an analytical model based on Zener-Wert-Avrami function is proposed to model the thermal residual stress relaxation. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Zhou, Zhong; Gill, Amrinder S.; Qian, Dong; Mannava, S. R.; Vasudevan, Vijay K.] Univ Cincinnati, Coll Engn & Appl Sci, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA.
   [Langer, Kristina] USAF, Res Lab, RBSM, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
   [Wen, Youhai] Natl Energy Technol Lab, Albany, OR 97321 USA.
RP Qian, D (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Coll Engn & Appl Sci, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA.
EM dong.qian@uc.edu
RI Qian, Dong/B-2326-2008
OI Qian, Dong/0000-0001-9367-0924
FU National Science Foundation [DMR-0706161]; General Dynamics Information
   Technologies (GDIT)/Air Force Research Laboratory/RBSM
   [FA-8650-3446-29-SC-001]
FX The authors (ZZ, ASG, DQ SRM, VKV) would like to thank the National
   Science Foundation (grant # DMR-0706161, Dr. Alan Ardell Program
   Monitor) and General Dynamics Information Technologies (GDIT)/Air Force
   Research Laboratory/RBSM (contract # FA-8650-3446-29-SC-001), Mr.
   Jeffrey Moore, Program Monitor) for financial support of this research.
   Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in
   these documents are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily
   reflect the views of the NSF and GDIT.
NR 27
TC 24
Z9 29
U1 6
U2 34
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0734-743X
J9 INT J IMPACT ENG
JI Int. J. Impact Eng.
PD JUL
PY 2011
VL 38
IS 7
BP 590
EP 596
DI 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2011.02.006
PG 7
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics
SC Engineering; Mechanics
GA 776BA
UT WOS:000291508300007
ER

PT J
AU Massar, ML
   Fickus, M
   Bryan, E
   Petkie, DT
   Terzuoli, AJ
AF Massar, Melody L.
   Fickus, Matthew
   Bryan, Erik
   Petkie, Douglas T.
   Terzuoli, Andrew J., Jr.
TI Fast computation of spectral centroids
SO ADVANCES IN COMPUTATIONAL MATHEMATICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Spectral centroids; Time-frequency analysis; Biometric radar
ID FREQUENCY SIGNAL ANALYSIS; WIGNER DISTRIBUTION; TOOL; RECOGNITION
AB The spectral centroid of a signal is the curve whose value at any given time is the centroid of the corresponding constant-time cross section of the signal's spectrogram. A spectral centroid provides a noise-robust estimate of how the dominant frequency of a signal changes over time. As such, spectral centroids are an increasingly popular tool in several signal processing applications, such as speech processing. We provide a new, fast and accurate algorithm for the real-time computation of the spectral centroid of a discrete-time signal. In particular, by exploiting discrete Fourier transforms, we show how one can compute the spectral centroid of a signal without ever needing to explicitly compute the signal's spectrogram. We then apply spectral centroids to an emerging biometrics problem: to determine a person's heart and breath rates by measuring the Doppler shifts their body movements induce in a continuous wave radar signal. We apply our algorithm to real-world radar data, obtaining heart- and breath-rate estimates that compare well against ground truth.
C1 [Massar, Melody L.; Fickus, Matthew] USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Math & Stat, Wright Patterson AFB, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
   [Bryan, Erik; Petkie, Douglas T.] Wright State Univ, Dept Phys, Dayton, OH 45435 USA.
   [Terzuoli, Andrew J., Jr.] USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Wright Patterson AFB, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
RP Fickus, M (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Math & Stat, Wright Patterson AFB, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
EM Matthew.Fickus@afit.edu
FU AFOSR [F1ATA09125G003]; ONR; AFRL
FX The authors thank the editor and the anonymous reviewer for their
   helpful comments and suggestions. Massar and Fickus were supported by
   AFOSR F1ATA09125G003. Bryan and Petkie were supported by ONR with
   additional support from AFRL. The views expressed in this article are
   those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position
   of the United States Air Force, Department of Defense, or the U.S.
   Government.
NR 18
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1019-7168
J9 ADV COMPUT MATH
JI Adv. Comput. Math.
PD JUL
PY 2011
VL 35
IS 1
BP 83
EP 97
DI 10.1007/s10444-010-9167-y
PG 15
WC Mathematics, Applied
SC Mathematics
GA 774AH
UT WOS:000291353200004
ER

PT J
AU Mabry, LM
   Ross, MD
   Martin, PA
   Tall, MA
   Elliott, RL
AF Mabry, Lance M.
   Ross, Michael D.
   Martin, Paul A.
   Tall, Michael A.
   Elliott, Ryan L.
TI Globus Sensation Associated with Cervical Spondylolisthesis
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE & REHABILITATION
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Mabry, Lance M.; Elliott, Ryan L.] Kaiser Permanente Med Ctr, Dept Phys Therapy, Vallejo, CA 94589 USA.
   [Ross, Michael D.] 382D Training Grp, Dept Phys Med, San Antonio, TX USA.
   [Martin, Paul A.] Kaiser Permanente Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Vallejo, CA 94589 USA.
   [Tall, Michael A.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Musculoskeletal Imaging, San Antonio, TX USA.
RP Mabry, LM (reprint author), Kaiser Permanente Med Ctr, Outpatient Phys Therapy Dept, 975 Sereno Dr, Vallejo, CA 94589 USA.
NR 3
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 2
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0894-9115
J9 AM J PHYS MED REHAB
JI Am. J. Phys. Med. Rehabil.
PD JUL
PY 2011
VL 90
IS 7
BP 615
EP 615
DI 10.1097/PHM.0b013e318214e269
PG 1
WC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences
SC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences
GA 772RW
UT WOS:000291253800011
PM 21430515
ER

PT J
AU Nikolaev, AG
   Jacobson, SH
   Hall, SN
   Henderson, D
AF Nikolaev, Alexander G.
   Jacobson, Sheldon H.
   Hall, Shane N.
   Henderson, Darrall
TI A framework for analyzing sub-optimal performance of local search
   algorithms
SO COMPUTATIONAL OPTIMIZATION AND APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Discrete optimization; Convergence; Heuristics; Local search;
   Finite-time performance; Simulated annealing; Tabu search;
   Lin-Kernighan-Helsgaun algorithm; Traveling salesman problem
ID TRAVELING-SALESMAN PROBLEM; HILL CLIMBING ALGORITHMS
AB This paper presents a framework for analyzing and comparing sub-optimal performance of local search algorithms for hard discrete optimization problems. The beta-acceptable solution probability is introduced that captures how effectively an algorithm has performed to date and how effectively an algorithm can be expected to perform in the future. Using this probability, the necessary conditions for a local search algorithm to converge in probability to beta-acceptable solutions are derived. To evaluate and compare the effectiveness of local search algorithms, two estimators for the expected number of iterations to visit a beta-acceptable solution are obtained. Computational experiments are reported with simulated annealing and tabu search applied to four small traveling salesman problem instances, and the Lin-Kernighan-Helsgaun algorithm applied to eight medium to large traveling salesman problem instances (all with known optimal solutions), to illustrate the application of these estimators.
C1 [Jacobson, Sheldon H.] Univ Illinois, Dept Comp Sci, Simulat & Optimizat Lab, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
   [Nikolaev, Alexander G.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Ind Engn & Management Sci, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
   [Hall, Shane N.] USAF, Dept Operat Sci, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Henderson, Darrall] Sphere Analyt Solut, Lexington, KY 40517 USA.
RP Jacobson, SH (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Comp Sci, Simulat & Optimizat Lab, 201 N Goodwin Ave,MC 258, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
EM a-nikolaev@northwestern.edu; shj@illinois.edu; shane.hall@afit.edu
OI Jacobson, Sheldon/0000-0002-9042-8750
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-07-1-0232]
FX This research has been supported in part by the Air Force Office of
   Scientific Research (FA9550-07-1-0232). The authors wish to thank the
   Associate Editor and two anonymous referees for their helpful comments
   and suggestions, which has resulted in a significantly improved
   manuscript. The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors
   and do not reflect the official policy or position of the United States
   Air Force, Department of Defense, or the United States Government.
NR 25
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 5
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0926-6003
J9 COMPUT OPTIM APPL
JI Comput. Optim. Appl.
PD JUL
PY 2011
VL 49
IS 3
BP 407
EP 433
DI 10.1007/s10589-009-9290-1
PG 27
WC Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics, Applied
SC Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics
GA 770AA
UT WOS:000291058200001
ER

PT J
AU Barney, ER
   Hannon, AC
   Senkov, ON
   Scott, JM
   Miracle, DB
   Moss, RM
AF Barney, Emma R.
   Hannon, Alex C.
   Senkov, Oleg N.
   Scott, James M.
   Miracle, Daniel B.
   Moss, Robert M.
TI A neutron and X-ray diffraction study of Ca-Mg-Cu metallic glasses
SO INTERMETALLICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Ternary alloy systems; Glasses; metallic; Rapid solidification
   processing; Diffraction
ID ATOMIC-STRUCTURE; FORMING ABILITY; AMORPHOUS AL90FEXCE10-X;
   THERMAL-STABILITY; LOCAL-STRUCTURE; ALLOYS; ZN; MICROSTRUCTURE;
   MIXTURES; RANGE
AB The structures of Ca60Mg15Cu25, Ca60Mg20Cu20 and Ca60Mg25Cu15 metallic glasses have been investigated by neutron and X-ray diffraction. The correlation functions show a peak manifold in the region 2.2-4.5 angstrom, arising from the various atom pairs for these glasses. The results show clearly that there are contacts between the solute atoms (Cu and Mg) which agree with a simple estimate of the maximum solute atom fraction beyond which solute solute contact becomes topologically necessary. The Cu-Mg and Cu-Ca distances are consistent with the sum of covalent radii, whereas all other interatomic distances are consistent with the sum of metallic radii. The neutron and X-ray diffraction correlation functions were simultaneously fitted with a series of symmetric peaks to obtain coordination numbers and interatomic distances, but only the results from the first two peaks, Cu-Cu and Cu-Mg, are of reasonable reliability. The Percus-Yevick approximation for binary hard sphere systems has been used to simulate the results. This shows that the results of fits to the Cu-Cu and Cu-Mg correlations give a reasonable description for atoms which are in close contact, but do not include an additional contribution at longer distance due to atoms which are almost in contact. The fits to the Cu-Ca peak are strongly affected by overlaps with both the longer distance peaks used in the fit, and the broad trailing edge in the distributions of interatomic distances that is not taken into account by fitting with symmetric peaks. Final results show that copper has a total of 6.5 neighbours which are in close contact, but has a total coordination number of about 12-13, when atoms which are almost in contact are included. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Barney, Emma R.; Hannon, Alex C.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, ISIS Facil, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England.
   [Senkov, Oleg N.; Scott, James M.] UES Inc, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
   [Miracle, Daniel B.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Moss, Robert M.] Univ Kent, Sch Phys Sci, Canterbury CT2 7NH, Kent, England.
RP Barney, ER (reprint author), Rutherford Appleton Lab, ISIS Facil, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England.
EM emma.barney@stfc.ac.uk
RI Senkov, Oleg/C-7197-2012; 
OI Senkov, Oleg/0000-0001-5587-415X; Barney, Emma/0000-0002-8674-1840;
   Hannon, Alex/0000-0001-5914-1295
FU Science and Technology Facilities Council [RB 820097]; Air Force Office
   of Scientific Research; UES, Inc. Dayton, Ohio [FA8650-10-D-5226]
FX Neutron and X-ray experiments at the ISIS Pulsed Neutron and Muon Source
   were supported by a beam time allocation (RB 820097) from the Science
   and Technology Facilities Council. Work at the Air Force Research
   Laboratory was supported through the Air Force Office of Scientific
   Research and the Air Force on-site contract No.FA8650-10-D-5226
   conducted through UES, Inc. Dayton, Ohio.
NR 46
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 23
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0966-9795
EI 1879-0216
J9 INTERMETALLICS
JI Intermetallics
PD JUL
PY 2011
VL 19
IS 7
BP 860
EP 870
DI 10.1016/j.intermet.2011.02.001
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy &
   Metallurgical Engineering
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 771WH
UT WOS:000291190900006
ER

PT J
AU Lodygowski, A
   Voyiadjis, GZ
   Deliktas, B
   Palazotto, A
AF Lodygowski, A.
   Voyiadjis, G. Z.
   Deliktas, B.
   Palazotto, A.
TI Non-local and numerical formulations for dry sliding friction and wear
   at high velocities
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLASTICITY
LA English
DT Article
DE Friction; Non-local; Gradient; Plasticity
ID STRAIN-GRADIENT PLASTICITY; FINITE-ELEMENT IMPLEMENTATION; LENGTH-SCALE;
   COMPOSITE-MATERIALS; PART I; THEORETICAL FORMULATION; LOCALIZATION
   PHENOMENA; ELEVATED-TEMPERATURES; DEPENDENT PLASTICITY; MULTISCALE
   ANALYSIS
AB Severe contact stress problems generate high temperature and create thermomechanical gouging and wear due to high velocity sliding between two materials staying in contact. In order to improve the facilitation of the design of particular components and improve performance of these engineering applications, it is necessary to better understand the physical behavior of high speed environment. As presented here this environment is made up of two components in contact. Therefore, basing on the experimental approach (Lodygowski, 2010; Lodygowski et al., submitted for publication) the major consideration of this paper is aimed to develop an experimental/theoretical model for the material constitutive behavior in order to better characterize and predict the internal failure surrounding the gouging and wear events.
   This research is to be carried out in two stages. First, by investigating the phenomenon of wear and later it will be extended to incorporate gauging problems. The principle of virtual power is used by introducing the contributions from damage and its corresponding gradients as a measure of micro motion of damage within the bulk. In addition two internal state variables are introduced on the frictional contact interface, one measuring the tangential slip and another measuring the wear. By using these internal state variables together with displacement and temperature, the constitutive model is formulated with state laws based on the free energies and the complimentary laws based on the dissipation potentials. The proposed theoretical model is implemented as user defined subroutine VUMAT in the explicit finite element code ABAQUS to analyze the structural response of the ultra high speed sliding experiment between Steel and VascoMax steel at Ecole de'Nationale Institut der Mechanic, at Metz France.
   This model provides a potential feature for enabling one to relate the non-local continuum plasticity and damage of the bulk material to friction and wear at the contact interfaces. The findings of this research effort is invaluable in providing a multiscale material model and numerical procedure that will be used within a hydrocode to better facilitate the design components of the severe contact stress applications. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Voyiadjis, G. Z.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
   [Lodygowski, A.] Poznan Tech Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, PL-60965 Poznan, Poland.
   [Deliktas, B.] Mustafa Kemal Univ, Dept Civil Engn, TR-31200 Iskenderun, Hatay, Turkey.
   [Palazotto, A.] USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Voyiadjis, GZ (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
EM voyiadjis@eng.lsu.edu
NR 106
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 17
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0749-6419
J9 INT J PLASTICITY
JI Int. J. Plast.
PD JUL
PY 2011
VL 27
IS 7
BP 1004
EP 1024
DI 10.1016/j.ijplas.2010.10.008
PG 21
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics
SC Engineering; Materials Science; Mechanics
GA 772MR
UT WOS:000291238500002
ER

PT J
AU Boyko, N
   Turko, T
   Boginski, V
   Jeffcoat, DE
   Uryasev, S
   Zrazhevsky, G
   Pardalos, PM
AF Boyko, Nikita
   Turko, Timofey
   Boginski, Vladimir
   Jeffcoat, David E.
   Uryasev, Stanislav
   Zrazhevsky, Grigoriy
   Pardalos, Panos M.
TI Robust multi-sensor scheduling for multi-site surveillance
SO JOURNAL OF COMBINATORIAL OPTIMIZATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Mathematical programming; Multi-sensor scheduling; Combinatorial
   optimization; Robust optimization; Risk measures
AB This paper presents mathematical programming techniques for solving a class of multi-sensor scheduling problems. Robust optimization problems are formulated for both deterministic and stochastic cases using linear 0-1 programming techniques. Equivalent formulations are developed in terms of cardinality constraints. We conducted numerical case studies and analyzed the performance of optimization solvers on the considered problem instances.
C1 [Boyko, Nikita; Turko, Timofey; Uryasev, Stanislav; Zrazhevsky, Grigoriy] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
   [Boginski, Vladimir] Univ Florida REEF, Shalimar, FL 32579 USA.
   [Jeffcoat, David E.] USAF, Res Lab, Eglin AFB, FL 32542 USA.
RP Boyko, N (reprint author), Univ Florida, 303 Weil Hall, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
EM nikita@ufl.edu
RI URYASEV, Stan/O-5231-2014
OI URYASEV, Stan/0000-0001-6950-3966
FU AFOSR [07MN01COR, FA9550-08-1- 0190, F08635-03-D-0130]
FX The research was supported by AFOSR grants # 07MN01COR and FA9550-08-1-
   0190 and Air Force contract # F08635-03-D-0130.
NR 8
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1382-6905
J9 J COMB OPTIM
JI J. Comb. Optim.
PD JUL
PY 2011
VL 22
IS 1
BP 35
EP 51
DI 10.1007/s10878-009-9271-4
PG 17
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mathematics, Applied
SC Computer Science; Mathematics
GA 765CR
UT WOS:000290681500003
ER

PT J
AU Allen, JW
   Steyskal, H
   Smith, DR
AF Allen, Jeffery W.
   Steyskal, Hans
   Smith, David R.
TI IMPEDANCE AND COMPLEX POWER OF RADIATING ELEMENTS UNDER ELECTROMAGNETIC
   SOURCE TRANSFORMATION
SO MICROWAVE AND OPTICAL TECHNOLOGY LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE conformal antennas; phased array antennas; transformation optics;
   metamaterials; antenna design
AB Transformation optics is a methodology that has proven useful in the design of complex media used to alter and control electromagnetic waves in either passive space or regions that contain source distributions. Recently it has been shown that the application of source transformations can reshape field radiation patterns corresponding to arbitrarily shaped sources. In the accompanying numerical confirmations, the effect of source transformations on fundamental quantities that are critical to the design and evaluation of antenna based systems-such as complex power and impedance, remain unexplored. In this paper, we present results of theoretical analysis as well as full wave finite element simulations, proving that the complex power and impedance associated with an electromagnetic source are not changed by source transformation methods. These results open the door to the application of source transformations for the design of practical antenna based systems, such as conformal and phased array antenna design. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53: 1524-1527, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26077
C1 [Allen, Jeffery W.; Smith, David R.] Duke Univ, Ctr Metamat & Integrated Plasmon, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
   [Steyskal, Hans] USAF, Res Labs, RYHA, RTL Networks Inc, Bedford, MA 01731 USA.
RP Allen, JW (reprint author), Duke Univ, Ctr Metamat & Integrated Plasmon, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
EM jeffery.allen@duke.edu
RI Smith, David/E-4710-2012
NR 13
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 8
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0895-2477
J9 MICROW OPT TECHN LET
JI Microw. Opt. Technol. Lett.
PD JUL
PY 2011
VL 53
IS 7
BP 1524
EP 1527
DI 10.1002/mop.26077
PG 5
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics
SC Engineering; Optics
GA 762QJ
UT WOS:000290494200019
ER

PT J
AU Abotula, S
   Shukla, A
   Chona, R
AF Abotula, Sandeep
   Shukla, Arun
   Chona, Ravi
TI Dynamic constitutive behavior of Hastelloy X under thermo-mechanical
   loads
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID NICKEL-BASE SUPERALLOY; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; DEFORMATION
AB An experimental investigation has been conducted to study the dynamic constitutive behavior of Hastelloy X (AMS 5754) at room and elevated temperatures under varying rates of loading. A split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) apparatus was used in conjunction with an induction coil heating system for applying dynamic loads at elevated temperatures. Experiments were carried out at different temperatures ranging from room temperature (25 A degrees C) to 1,100 A degrees C at an average strain rate of 5000/s. Room temperature experiments were carried out at varying strain rates from 1000 to 4000/s. The results show that as the strain rate increases from quasi-static to 4000/s, the yield strength increases by approximately 50%. Also, under dynamic loading, the yield stress decreases with temperature up to 700 A degrees C, after which it shows a peak at 900 A degrees C before beginning to decrease again as the temperature is further increased. The Johnson-Cook model was used to predict the dynamic plastic response under varying rates of loading and at different temperatures.
C1 [Abotula, Sandeep; Shukla, Arun] Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Mech Ind & Syst Engn, Dynam Photo Mech Lab, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.
   [Chona, Ravi] USAF, Struct Sci Ctr, Air Vehicles Directorate, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Shukla, A (reprint author), Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Mech Ind & Syst Engn, Dynam Photo Mech Lab, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.
EM sabotula@my.uri.edu; shuklaa@egr.uri.edu; ravi.chona@wpafb.af.mil
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-09-1-0639]
FX The first two authors kindly acknowledge the financial support provided
   by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under Grant No.
   FA9550-09-1-0639. Also the authors would like to thank professor John
   Lambros for his valuable discussions.
NR 20
TC 11
Z9 12
U1 2
U2 14
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0022-2461
J9 J MATER SCI
JI J. Mater. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2011
VL 46
IS 14
BP 4971
EP 4979
DI 10.1007/s10853-011-5414-y
PG 9
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA 755CC
UT WOS:000289903200026
ER

PT J
AU Bulutoglu, DA
   Kaziska, DM
AF Bulutoglu, Dursun A.
   Kaziska, David M.
TI Improved WLP and GWP lower bounds based on exact integer programming
   (vol 140, pg 1154, 2010)
SO JOURNAL OF STATISTICAL PLANNING AND INFERENCE
LA English
DT Correction
C1 [Bulutoglu, Dursun A.; Kaziska, David M.] USAF, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Kaziska, DM (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM dursun.bulutoglu@afit.edu; david.kaziska@MAXWELL.AF.MIL
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0378-3758
J9 J STAT PLAN INFER
JI J. Stat. Plan. Infer.
PD JUL
PY 2011
VL 141
IS 7
BP 2500
EP 2501
DI 10.1016/j.jspi.2011.01.003
PG 2
WC Statistics & Probability
SC Mathematics
GA 744VQ
UT WOS:000289123700031
ER

PT J
AU Sanders, DD
   O'Brien, WF
   Sondergaard, R
   Polanka, MD
   Rabe, DC
AF Sanders, Darius D.
   O'Brien, Walter F.
   Sondergaard, Rolf
   Polanka, Marc D.
   Rabe, Douglas C.
TI Predicting Separation and Transitional Flow in Turbine Blades at Low
   Reynolds Numbers-Part I: Development of Prediction Methodology
SO JOURNAL OF TURBOMACHINERY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
LA English
DT Article
ID BOUNDARY-LAYER; MODEL
AB There is an increasing interest in design methods and performance prediction for aircraft engine turbines operating at low Reynolds numbers. In this regime, boundary layer separation may be more likely to occur in the turbine flow passages. For accurate computational fluid dynamics (CFD) predictions of the flow, correct modeling of laminar-turbulent boundary layer transition is essential to capture the details of the flow. To investigate possible improvements in model fidelity, CFD models were created for the flow over two low pressure turbine blade designs. A new three-equation eddy-viscosity type turbulent transitional flow model, originally developed by Walters and Leylek (2004, "A New Model for Boundary Layer Transition Using a Single Point RANS Approach," ASME J. Turbomach., 126(1), pp. 193-202), was employed for the current Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) CFD calculations. Previous studies demonstrated the ability of this model to accurately predict separation and boundary layer transition characteristics of low Reynolds number flows. The present research tested the capability of CFD with the Walters and Leylek turbulent transitional flow model to predict the boundary layer behavior and performance of two different turbine cascade configurations. Flows over low pressure turbine (LPT) blade airfoils with different blade loading characteristics were simulated over a Reynolds number range of 15,000-100,000 and predictions were compared with experimental cascade results. Part I of this paper discusses the prediction methodology that was developed and its validation using a lightly loaded LPT blade airfoil design. The turbulent transitional flow model sensitivity to turbulent flow parameters was investigated and showed a strong dependence on freestream turbulence intensity with a second-order effect of turbulent length scale. Focusing on the calculation of the total pressure loss coefficients to judge performance, the CFD simulation incorporating Walters and Leylek's turbulent transitional flow model produced adequate prediction of the Reynolds number performance for the lightly loaded LPT blade cascade geometry. Significant improvements in performance were shown over predictions of conventional RANS turbulence models. Historically, these models cannot adequately predict boundary layer transition. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4001230]
C1 [Sanders, Darius D.; O'Brien, Walter F.] Virginia Tech, Dept Mech Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
   [Sondergaard, Rolf; Polanka, Marc D.; Rabe, Douglas C.] USAF, Res Lab, Prop Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Sanders, DD (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Mech Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
FU Air Force Research Laboratory, Propulsion Directorate, Turbine Engine
   Division
FX The work presented was sponsored by the Air Force Research Laboratory,
   Propulsion Directorate, Turbine Engine Division. Computing resources
   were provided by the U.S. Department of Defense Major Shared Resource
   Center, High Performance Computing facility at Wright Patterson AFB, OH.
   The authors are grateful to H. Thornburg for assistance with mesh
   generation, CFD simulation setup, and helpful discussions. D. P.
   Rizzetta from Air Vehicles Directorate, AFRL and C. Hah from NASA Glenn
   Research Center are acknowledged for their helpful advice.
NR 13
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 11
PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
SN 0889-504X
J9 J TURBOMACH
JI J. Turbomach.-Trans. ASME
PD JUL
PY 2011
VL 133
IS 3
AR 031011
DI 10.1115/1.4001230
PG 10
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA 692MW
UT WOS:000285157900011
ER

PT J
AU Sanders, DD
   O'Brien, WF
   Sondergaard, R
   Polanka, MD
   Rabe, DC
AF Sanders, Darius D.
   O'Brien, Walter F.
   Sondergaard, Rolf
   Polanka, Marc D.
   Rabe, Douglas C.
TI Predicting Separation and Transitional Flow in Turbine Blades at Low
   Reynolds Numbers-Part II: The Application to a Highly Separated Turbine
   Blade Cascade Geometry
SO JOURNAL OF TURBOMACHINERY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
LA English
DT Article
ID BOUNDARY-LAYER; MODEL
AB There has been a need for improved prediction methods for low pressure turbine (LPT) blades operating at low Reynolds numbers. This is known to occur when LPT blades are subjugated to high altitude operations causing a decrease in the inlet Reynolds number. Boundary layer separation is more likely to be present within the flowfield of the LPT stages due to increase in the region adverse pressure gradients on the blade suction surface. Accurate CFD predictions are needed in order to improve design methods and performance prediction of LPT stages operating at low Reynolds numbers. CFD models were created for the flow over two low pressure turbine blade designs using a new turbulent transitional flow model, originally developed by Walters and Leylek (2004, "A New Model for Boundary Layer Transition Using a Single Point RANS Approach," ASME J. Turbomach., 126(1), pp. 193-202). Part I of this study applied Walters and Leylek's model to a cascade CFD model of a LPT blade airfoil with a light loading level. Flows were simulated over a Reynolds number range of 15,000-100,000 and predicted the laminar-to-turbulent transitional flow behavior adequately. It showed significant improvement in performance prediction compared to conventional RANS turbulence models. Part II of this paper presents the application of the prediction methodology developed in Part I to both two-dimensional and three-dimensional cascade models of a largely separated LPT blade geometry with a high blade loading level. Comparisons were made with available experimental cascade results on the prediction of the inlet Reynolds number effect on surface static pressure distribution, suction surface boundary layer behavior, and the wake total pressure loss coefficient. The k(T)-k(L)-omega transitional flow model accuracy was judged sufficient for an understanding of the flow behavior within the flow passage, and can identify when and where a separation event occurs. This model will provide the performance prediction needed for modeling of low Reynolds number effects on more complex geometries. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4001231]
C1 [Sanders, Darius D.; O'Brien, Walter F.] Virginia Tech, Dept Mech Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
   [Sondergaard, Rolf; Polanka, Marc D.; Rabe, Douglas C.] USAF, Res Lab, Prop Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Sanders, DD (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Mech Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
FU Air Force Research Laboratory, Propulsion Directorate, Turbine Engine
   Division
FX The work presented was sponsored by the Air Force Research Laboratory,
   Propulsion Directorate, Turbine Engine Division. Computing resources
   were provided by the U.S. Department of Defense Major Shared Resource
   Center, High Performance Computing facility at Wright Patterson AFB, OH.
   The authors are grateful to H. Thornburg for assistance with mesh
   generation, CFD simulation setup, and helpful discussions. D. P.
   Rizzetta from Air Vehicles Directorate, AFRL and C. Hah from NASA Glenn
   Research Center are acknowledged for their helpful advice. Also, the
   authors thank S. E. Gorrell from Department of Mechanical Engineering at
   Brigham Young University for use of the high-priority computational
   hours on the supercomputing systems.
NR 19
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 5
PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
SN 0889-504X
J9 J TURBOMACH
JI J. Turbomach.-Trans. ASME
PD JUL
PY 2011
VL 133
IS 3
AR 031012
DI 10.1115/1.4001231
PG 7
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA 692MW
UT WOS:000285157900012
ER

PT J
AU Turner, MG
   Gorrell, SE
   Car, D
AF Turner, Mark G.
   Gorrell, Steven E.
   Car, David
TI Radial Migration of Shed Vortices in a Transonic Rotor Following a Wake
   Generator: A Comparison Between Time Accurate and Average Passage
   Approaches
SO JOURNAL OF TURBOMACHINERY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
LA English
DT Article
ID COMPRESSOR
AB This paper shows a comparison of an unsteady simulation using turbo and an average passage simulation for a two blade row configuration consisting of a wake generator followed by a transonic rotor. Two spacings were simulated, both close and far. The unsteady results compare well with experiment especially for the profile of efficiency difference between close and far. An analysis of results helps to explain the unusual profile seen experimentally that is due to the radial migration of wake generator shed vortices with negative radial velocities near the tip. In addition, different components of the average passage body forces (deterministic stresses) are explored that shows the main terms are the axial momentum and the metal blockage. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4001241]
C1 [Turner, Mark G.] Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA.
   [Gorrell, Steven E.] Brigham Young Univ, Provo, UT 84602 USA.
   [Car, David] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Turner, MG (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA.
EM mark.turner@uc.edu
RI Turner, Mark/E-9361-2011
NR 19
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
SN 0889-504X
J9 J TURBOMACH
JI J. Turbomach.-Trans. ASME
PD JUL
PY 2011
VL 133
IS 3
AR 031018
DI 10.1115/1.4001241
PG 9
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA 692MW
UT WOS:000285157900018
ER

PT J
AU Wee, SH
   Specht, ED
   Cantoni, C
   Zuev, YL
   Maroni, V
   Wong-Ng, W
   Liu, GY
   Haugan, TJ
   Goyal, A
AF Wee, Sung Hun
   Specht, Eliot D.
   Cantoni, Claudia
   Zuev, Yuri L.
   Maroni, Victor
   Wong-Ng, Winnie
   Liu, Guangyao
   Haugan, Timothy J.
   Goyal, Amit
TI Formation of stacking faults and their correlation with flux pinning and
   critical current density in Sm-doped YBa2Cu3O7-(delta) films
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID EPITAXIAL NDBA2CU3O7-DELTA FILMS; SELF-ASSEMBLED NANODOTS; PULSED-LASER
   DEPOSITION; YBA2CU3O7-DELTA FILMS; THIN-FILMS; DEFECTS; GROWTH; BAZRO3;
   LAYER
AB A correlation between flux-pinning characteristics and stacking faults (SFs) formed by Sm substitution on Y and Ba sites was found in Sm-doped YBa2Cu3O7-delta films. It was confirmed that 223-type-SFs, Y2Ba2Cu3Ox, composed of extra Y and O planes aligned parallel to the ab-planes formed via Sm substitution on the Y site and increased in number with increasing Sm doping on the Ba site. The number density of 223 SFs is correlated strongly with the enhancement in ab-plane-correlated flux pinning, resulting in a sharpening of the H parallel to ab peak in the plot of critical current density versus magnetic field orientation.
C1 [Wee, Sung Hun; Specht, Eliot D.; Cantoni, Claudia; Zuev, Yuri L.; Goyal, Amit] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
   [Zuev, Yuri L.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
   [Maroni, Victor] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
   [Wong-Ng, Winnie; Liu, Guangyao] NIST, Div Ceram, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
   [Haugan, Timothy J.] USAF, AFRL RZPG, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Wee, SH (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM wees@ornl.gov
RI Specht, Eliot/A-5654-2009; Cantoni, Claudia/G-3031-2013
OI Specht, Eliot/0000-0002-3191-2163; Cantoni, Claudia/0000-0002-9731-2021
FU US Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy
   Reliability Advanced Cables and Conductors [DE-AC05-00OR22725];
   UT-Battelle, LLC; Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US DOE; Argonne
   National Laborator [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; UChicago Argonne, LLC; US DOE,
   Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences
FX We would like to thank SuperPower Inc. for providing the Hastelloy
   substrates with the multilayer configuration of IBAD MgO layer,
   homoepitaxial MgO layer, and epitaxial LaMnO<INF>3</INF>. This research
   was sponsored by the US Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Electricity
   Delivery and Energy Reliability Advanced Cables and Conductors under
   Contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with UT-Battelle, LLC, managing contractor
   for Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Research also supported by ORNL's
   Shared Research Equipment (SHaRE) User Facility, which is sponsored by
   the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US DOE. Use of Raman
   instrumentation at Argonne's Center for Nanoscale Materials was
   supported by the US DOE, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
   Sciences. The work performed at the Argonne National Laboratory was
   carried out under Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357 between UChicago Argonne,
   LLC, and the US DOE.
NR 24
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD JUN 29
PY 2011
VL 83
IS 22
AR 224520
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.83.224520
PG 6
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 785HK
UT WOS:000292218200007
ER

PT J
AU Woody, KB
   Leever, BJ
   Durstock, MF
   Collard, DM
AF Woody, Kathy B.
   Leever, Benjamin J.
   Durstock, Michael F.
   Collard, David M.
TI Synthesis and Characterization of Fully Conjugated Donor-Acceptor-Donor
   Triblock Copolymers
SO MACROMOLECULES
LA English
DT Article
ID CATALYST-TRANSFER POLYCONDENSATION; ELECTRICALLY CONDUCTING PROPERTIES;
   CHAIN-GROWTH POLYMERIZATION; HETEROJUNCTION SOLAR-CELLS;
   LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; BLOCK-COPOLYMERS; MICROPHASE SEPARATION;
   REGIOREGULAR POLY(3-HEXYLTHIOPHENE); ELECTROCHEMICAL PROPERTIES; DIBLOCK
   COPOLYMERS
AB A synthetic approach is established to provide a monofunctional telechelic poly(3-octylthiophene) (P3OT) bearing a single bromine-substituted end group that is of potential use in the preparation of well-defined block copolymers. Telechelic P3OT was prepared via a chain growth process by a catalyst-transfer condensation polymerization (CTCP) of 5-bromo-4-octyl-2-thienylmagnesium iodide initiated by a phenylnickel(H) initiator. Optimization of the conditions for quenching the reaction allowed for the installation an a-bromo functionality at the terminus of the polymer. We demonstrate the utility of this well-defined monofunctional polymer, Ph-P3OT-Br, by coupling it to a poly(quinoxaline) (PQ) bearing boronate ester end groups to provided a new class of donor-acceptor-donor (D-A-D) triblock copolymers. The formation of the triblock copolymers was confirmed by gel-permeation chromatography (GPC) and (1)H NMR spectroscopy. The optical properties of the polymers were investigated using UV-visible absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy. Efficient quenching of the fluorescence from the individual blocks of the triblock copolymers is consistent with the occurrence of electron transfer. AFM images illustrate a nanoscale phase separation of the electron-rich P3OT and electron-poor PQ blocks.
C1 [Woody, Kathy B.; Collard, David M.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biochem, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
   [Leever, Benjamin J.; Durstock, Michael F.] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Collard, DM (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biochem, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
EM david.collard@chemistry.gatech.edu
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research; Georgia Tech Center for Organic
   Photonics and Electronics COPE; ACS Division of Organic Chemistry
FX We thank the Air Force Office of Scientific Research - Georgia Tech
   BIONIC program, the Georgia Tech Center for Organic Photonics and
   Electronics COPE), and the ACS Division of Organic Chemistry for
   scholarship support provided to K.B.W.
NR 48
TC 41
Z9 41
U1 2
U2 28
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0024-9297
J9 MACROMOLECULES
JI Macromolecules
PD JUN 28
PY 2011
VL 44
IS 12
BP 4690
EP 4698
DI 10.1021/ma200084z
PG 9
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 780XW
UT WOS:000291895700022
ER

PT J
AU Alley, JB
AF Alley, Joshua B.
TI Sleepless
SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Alley, Joshua B.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Lackland Air Force Base, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA.
   [Alley, Joshua B.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Surg, San Antonio, TX USA.
   [Alley, Joshua B.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, F Edward Hebert Sch Med, Dept Def, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
RP Alley, JB (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Lackland Air Force Base, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA.
EM joshalleymd@hotmail.com
NR 1
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC
PI CHICAGO
PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA
SN 0098-7484
EI 1538-3598
J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC
JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc.
PD JUN 22
PY 2011
VL 305
IS 24
BP 2501
EP 2502
DI 10.1001/jama.2011.863
PG 2
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 780MF
UT WOS:000291860400001
PM 21693732
ER

PT J
AU Srinivasan, S
   Chhatre, SS
   Mabry, JM
   Cohen, RE
   McKinley, GH
AF Srinivasan, Siddarth
   Chhatre, Shreerang S.
   Mabry, Joseph M.
   Cohen, Robert E.
   McKinley, Gareth H.
TI Solution spraying of poly(methyl methacrylate) blends to fabricate
   microtextured, superoleophobic surfaces
SO POLYMER
LA English
DT Article
DE Non-woven; Fiber; Superhydrophobic
ID CONTACT-ANGLE HYSTERESIS; FIBERS EXHIBITING SUPERHYDROPHOBICITY;
   OIL-REPELLENT SURFACES; SUPER-WATER-REPELLENT; A-STRING STRUCTURES;
   POLYMER-SOLUTIONS; SOLID-SURFACES; INTRINSIC VISCOSITY; ELECTROSPUN
   FIBERS; MOLECULAR-WEIGHT
AB We describe a simple technique to prepare superhydrophobic and superoleophobic microtextured surfaces by spray coating a blend of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and the low surface energy molecule 1H,1H,2H,2H-heptadecafluorodecyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (fluorodecyl POSS, gamma(sv) approximate to 10 mN/m) using an air brush with a pressurized nitrogen stream. scanning electron micrographs show the formation of microtextured surfaces possessing re-entrant curvature; a critical feature for obtaining liquid repellency with low surface tension liquids. The surface morphology can be tuned systematically from a corpuscular or spherical microstructure to a beads-on-string structure and finally to bundled fibers by controlling the solution concentration and molecular weight of the sprayed polymer. The oleophobicity of the resulting structures is characterized by advancing and receding contact angle measurements with liquids of a range of surface tensions. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Srinivasan, Siddarth; Chhatre, Shreerang S.; Cohen, Robert E.] MIT, Dept Chem Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
   [Mabry, Joseph M.] USAF, Res Lab, Space & Missile Prop Div, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA.
   [McKinley, Gareth H.] MIT, Dept Mech Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
RP Cohen, RE (reprint author), MIT, Dept Chem Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
EM recohen@mit.edu; gareth@mit.edu
RI McKinley, Gareth/G-4872-2011; Srinivasan, Siddarth/E-1469-2016; 
OI McKinley, Gareth/0000-0001-8323-2779; Srinivasan,
   Siddarth/0000-0003-4591-6090
FU Army Research Office (ARO) [W911NF-07-D-0004]; Air Force Research
   Laboratory, Propulsion Directorate, Air Force Office of Scientific
   Research
FX We acknowledge financial support from the Army Research Office (ARO)
   through Contract W911NF-07-D-0004, as well as the Air Force Research
   Laboratory, Propulsion Directorate, Air Force Office of Scientific
   Research. We thank Prof. Michael F. Rubner and the Institute for Soldier
   Nanotechnologies at MIT for the use of various laboratory facilities,
   Jonathan DeRocher for assistance with the spraying apparatus and safety
   overview, Thomas Ober for assistance with the rheometric
   characterization, and Dr. Vivek Sharma and Dr. Adam Meuler for helpful
   discussions during the preparation of this manuscript.
NR 68
TC 84
Z9 86
U1 9
U2 114
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0032-3861
J9 POLYMER
JI Polymer
PD JUN 22
PY 2011
VL 52
IS 14
BP 3209
EP 3218
DI 10.1016/j.polymer.2011.05.008
PG 10
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 783CR
UT WOS:000292059600027
ER

PT J
AU Kelley, MC
   Makela, JJ
   de La Beaujardiere, O
   Retterer, J
AF Kelley, Michael C.
   Makela, Jonathan J.
   de La Beaujardiere, Odile
   Retterer, John
TI CONVECTIVE IONOSPHERIC STORMS: A REVIEW
SO REVIEWS OF GEOPHYSICS
LA English
DT Review
ID EQUATORIAL-SPREAD-F; RAYLEIGH-TAYLOR INSTABILITY; GRAVITY-WAVE
   INITIATION; NONLINEAR EVOLUTION; PLASMA BUBBLES; ELECTRIC-FIELD; RADAR
   OBSERVATIONS; NEUTRAL WINDS; REGION; IRREGULARITIES
AB Equatorial spread F (ESF) was discovered almost a century ago using the first radio wave instrument designed to study the upper atmosphere: the ionosonde. The name came from the appearance of reflections from the normally smooth ionosphere, which were spread over the altitude frequency coordinates used by the instrument. Attempts to understand this phenomenon in any depth activated such tools as radars and in situ probes such as rockets and satellites in the 1960s. Over the next 15 years, these tools expanded our experimental understanding enormously, and new nonlinear theoretical methods developed in the late 1970s, which led to proposing a name revision from ESF to convective ionospheric storms. Interest in these phenomena continues, but a new, practical aspect has developed from the associated turbulence effects on communications (transionosphere) and navigation (GPS). The first satellite to specifically investigate this problem and the associated goal of predicting occurrences is under the umbrella of the Communications/Navigation Outage Forecast System (C/NOFS). In contemplating the successful first years of the C/NOFS program, reviewing the state of the art in our knowledge of convective ionospheric storms seems appropriate. We also present some initial results of this satellite program. A major goal of the National Space Weather Program, and of C/NOFS, is predicting these storms, analogous to thunderstorms in the lower atmosphere due to their adverse effects on communication and navigation signals. Although ambitious, predictive capability is a noble and important goal in the current technological age and is potentially within our reach during the coming decade.
C1 [Kelley, Michael C.] Cornell Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
   [de La Beaujardiere, Odile; Retterer, John] USAF, Space Vehicles Directorate, Res Lab, Hanscom Afb, MA 01731 USA.
   [Makela, Jonathan J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
RP Kelley, MC (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, 318 Rhodes Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
EM mikek@ece.cornell.edu
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-05-0160]; Office of
   Naval Research [N00014-09-1-0975, N00014-09-1-0439]
FX Work at Cornell University was supported by the Air Force Office of
   Scientific Research under grant FA9550-05-0160 and the Office of Naval
   Research under grant N00014-09-1-0975. Work at the University of
   Illinois at Urbana-Champaign was sponsored through the Office of Naval
   Research under grant N00014-09-1-0439. Work at the Air Force Research
   Laboratory was supported in part by the Air Force Office of Scientific
   Research. The Editor on this paper was Mark Moldwin. He thanks two
   anonymous reviewers.
NR 81
TC 32
Z9 32
U1 4
U2 13
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 8755-1209
EI 1944-9208
J9 REV GEOPHYS
JI Rev. Geophys.
PD JUN 22
PY 2011
VL 49
AR RG2003
DI 10.1029/2010RG000340
PG 26
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 784JA
UT WOS:000292152000001
ER

PT J
AU Brown, MS
   Erickson, T
   Frische, K
   Roquemore, WM
AF Brown, Michael S.
   Erickson, Thomas
   Frische, Kyle
   Roquemore, William M.
TI Hot electron dominated rapid transverse ionization growth in liquid
   water
SO OPTICS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
ID REFRACTIVE-INDEX; PLASMA
AB Pump/probe optical-transmission measurements are used to monitor in space and time the ionization of a liquid column of water following impact of an 800-nm, 45-fs pump pulse. The pump pulse strikes the 53-mu m-diameter column normal to its axis with intensities up to 2 x 10(15) W/cm(2). After the initial photoinization and for probe delay times < 500 fs, the neutral water surrounding the beam is rapidly ionized in the transverse direction, presumably by hot electrons with initial velocities of 0.55 times the speed of light (relativistic kinetic energy of similar to 100 keV). Such velocities are unusual for condensed-matter excitation at the stated laser intensities. (C) 2011 Optical Society of America
C1 [Brown, Michael S.; Erickson, Thomas; Roquemore, William M.] USAF, Res Lab, Prop Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Frische, Kyle] Innovat Sci Solut Inc, Dayton, OH 45440 USA.
RP Brown, MS (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Prop Directorate, 1950 5th St, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM michael.brown@wpafb.af.mil
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research
FX We acknowledge support from the Air Force Office of Scientific Research,
   Dr. Tatjana Curic, program manager, and Dr. Arje Nachman.
NR 18
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 8
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1094-4087
J9 OPT EXPRESS
JI Opt. Express
PD JUN 20
PY 2011
VL 19
IS 13
BP 12241
EP 12247
DI 10.1364/OE.19.012241
PG 7
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 794AY
UT WOS:000292867600036
PM 21716461
ER

PT J
AU Greenlee, C
   Luo, J
   Leedy, K
   Bayraktaroglu, B
   Norwood, RA
   Fallahi, M
   Jen, AKY
   Peyghambarian, N
AF Greenlee, Charles
   Luo, J.
   Leedy, K.
   Bayraktaroglu, B.
   Norwood, R. A.
   Fallahi, M.
   Jen, A. K. -Y.
   Peyghambarian, N.
TI Electro-optic polymer spatial light modulator based on a Fabry-Perot
   interferometer configuration
SO OPTICS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
AB A spatial light modulator (SLM) based on a Fabry-Perot interferometer configuration has been fabricated and tested. The Fabry-Perot spacer layer is a thin film of the SEO100 electro-optic polymer which serves as the nonlinear medium. Measurement results demonstrate the modulation of multiple pixels operating simultaneously at frequencies ranging from 300 kHz to 800 kHz which is significantly faster than SLMs based on liquid crystal and digital micromirror device technology. An average modulation contrast of 50% for all pixels is achieved with a drive voltage of 70 V-rms at 100 kHz. Microwave speeds and CMOS compatibility are feasible with improved transmission line and cavity design. (C)2011 Optical Society of America
C1 [Greenlee, Charles; Norwood, R. A.; Fallahi, M.; Peyghambarian, N.] Univ Arizona, Coll Opt Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
   [Luo, J.; Jen, A. K. -Y.] Univ Washington, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
   [Leedy, K.; Bayraktaroglu, B.] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Greenlee, C (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Coll Opt Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
EM cgreenlee@optics.arizona.edu
RI Jen, Alex/E-5957-2012; Luo, Jingdong/A-1477-2016
OI Luo, Jingdong/0000-0001-9990-2618
FU National Science Foundation MDITR Science and Technology Center
   [0120967]; National Science Foundation through CIAN NSF ERC
   [EEC-0812072]
FX The authors acknowledge support from the National Science Foundation
   MDITR Science and Technology Center under Grant # 0120967 and the
   National Science Foundation through CIAN NSF ERC under grant #
   EEC-0812072.
NR 16
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 15
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1094-4087
J9 OPT EXPRESS
JI Opt. Express
PD JUN 20
PY 2011
VL 19
IS 13
BP 12750
EP 12758
DI 10.1364/OE.19.012750
PG 9
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 794AY
UT WOS:000292867600092
PM 21716517
ER

PT J
AU Nag, S
   Devaraj, A
   Srinivasan, R
   Williams, REA
   Gupta, N
   Viswanathan, GB
   Tiley, JS
   Banerjee, S
   Srinivasan, SG
   Fraser, HL
   Banerjee, R
AF Nag, S.
   Devaraj, A.
   Srinivasan, R.
   Williams, R. E. A.
   Gupta, N.
   Viswanathan, G. B.
   Tiley, J. S.
   Banerjee, S.
   Srinivasan, S. G.
   Fraser, H. L.
   Banerjee, R.
TI Novel Mixed-Mode Phase Transition Involving a Composition-Dependent
   Displacive Component
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID OMEGA-PHASE; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; AB-INITIO; TRANSFORMATION; METALS; ZR
AB Solid-solid displacive, structural phase transformations typically undergo a discrete structural change from a parent to a product phase. Coupling electron microscopy, three-dimensional atom probe, and first-principles computations, we present the first direct evidence of a novel mechanism for a coupled diffusional-displacive transformation in titanium-molybdenum alloys wherein the displacive component in the product phase changes continuously with changing composition. These results have implications for other transformations and cannot be explained by conventional theories.
C1 [Nag, S.; Devaraj, A.; Gupta, N.; Srinivasan, S. G.; Banerjee, R.] Univ N Texas, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Denton, TX 76203 USA.
   [Nag, S.; Banerjee, R.] Univ N Texas, Ctr Adv Res & Technol, Denton, TX 76203 USA.
   [Srinivasan, R.] ExxonMobil Res & Engn Co, Annandale, NJ 08801 USA.
   [Williams, R. E. A.; Fraser, H. L.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
   [Williams, R. E. A.; Fraser, H. L.] Ohio State Univ, Ctr Accelerated Maturat Mat, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
   [Viswanathan, G. B.; Tiley, J. S.] USAF, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Res Lab, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
   [Banerjee, S.] Dept Atom Energy, Bombay, Maharashtra, India.
   [Banerjee, S.] Atom Energy Commiss, Bombay, Maharashtra, India.
RP Nag, S (reprint author), Univ N Texas, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Denton, TX 76203 USA.
EM srinivasan.srivilliputhur@unt.edu; banerjee@unt.edu
RI devaraj, arun/C-4604-2013
FU The National Science Foundation [6701956, 0700828, 0846444]; U.S. Air
   Force Research Laboratory
FX The National Science Foundation (Grants No. 6701956, No. 0700828, and
   No. 0846444) and U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory ISES contract funded
   this work. Experimental facilities at UNT's Center for Advanced Research
   and Technology and OSU's Center for the Accelerated Maturation of
   Materials and the Talon Linux cluster at UNT were used.
NR 18
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U1 2
U2 26
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
EI 1079-7114
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD JUN 17
PY 2011
VL 106
IS 24
AR 245701
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.245701
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 778UX
UT WOS:000291734300006
PM 21770581
ER

PT J
AU Aliat, A
   Vedula, P
   Josyula, E
AF Aliat, A.
   Vedula, P.
   Josyula, E.
TI State-to-state modeling of radiation coupled to vibration-translation
   relaxation and dissociation in nonequilibrium gas flows
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E
LA English
DT Article
AB A radiation model is developed to obtain evolution of band intensities according to the state-to-state (STS) approach by considering vibration-translation and vibration-electronic jumps and dissociation. Investigation of the behavior of a nonequilibrium N(2) gas flow behind a shock shows that the radiation intensity remains weak and the flow is far from radiative equilibrium. Similar intensities are predicted by pure STS and hybrid approaches based on existing radiation models. However, the coupling between physicochemical and radiative processes increases with radiation intensity.
C1 [Aliat, A.; Vedula, P.] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Aerosp & Mech Engn, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
   [Josyula, E.] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Aliat, A (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Sch Aerosp & Mech Engn, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
EM azizaliat@ou.edu; pvedula@ou.edu
FU US Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR); High Performance
   Technologies Inc. (HPTi)
FX The authors acknowledge financial support from US Air Force Office of
   Scientific Research (AFOSR) and the High Performance Technologies Inc.
   (HPTi).
NR 11
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1539-3755
J9 PHYS REV E
JI Phys. Rev. E
PD JUN 16
PY 2011
VL 83
IS 6
AR 067302
DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.83.067302
PN 2
PG 4
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical
SC Physics
GA 778UI
UT WOS:000291732100008
PM 21797519
ER

PT J
AU Krause, LH
   Franz, A
   Stevenson, A
AF Krause, L. Habash
   Franz, A.
   Stevenson, A.
TI On the application of Exploratory Data Analysis for characterization of
   space weather data sets
SO ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Ionosphere; Space weather; hmF2; Exploratory Data Analysis; Principle
   Components Analysis; Common Factor Analysis
ID INTERNATIONAL REFERENCE IONOSPHERE; GEOMAGNETIC ACTIVITY; INDEXES;
   GEOEFFECTIVENESS; PLASMA; MODEL; WIND
AB This paper presents an overview of the mathematical foundations for techniques in Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA) for the purpose of investigating the relationships among the numerous variables in large sets of multivariate space weather data. Specifically, we cover techniques in Principal Components Analysis (PCA) and Common Factor Analysis (CFA). These techniques are illustrated using space weather activity indices collected during the year 2002 and the corresponding noon-time hmF2 data from the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI). A CFA is used to categorize the activity indices, and a PCA is used to derive two macro-indices of activity to ascertain the strength of solar and geomagnetic activity. These macro-indices are then used to compare and contrast IRI's noon-time hmF2 values at six different geographic stations. It was found that the correlation between hmF2 and the macro-indices more accurately represented the variation of this correlation with latitude found in previous studies than if we used an isolated conventional index, such as SSN and AE. We also found that the daily maximum value of the Polar Cap Index was dependent on both solar and geomagnetic activity, but the closely-related cross-Polar Cap Potential was solely associated with elevated levels of geomagnetic activity, which is a unique result compared to previous studies. We argue that the discrepancy can be explained by the difference in experiment designs between the two studies. This paper demonstrates the usefulness of EDA in space weather studies of large multivariate data sets. Published by Elsevier Ltd. on behalf of COSPAR.
C1 [Krause, L. Habash] NASA Marshall Spaceflight Ctr, Space Sci Off, Marshall Space Flight Ctr 4207, Huntsville, AL 35808 USA.
   [Franz, A.; Stevenson, A.] USAF Acad, Dept Phys, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
RP Krause, LH (reprint author), NASA Marshall Spaceflight Ctr, Space Sci Off, Marshall Space Flight Ctr 4207, Huntsville, AL 35808 USA.
EM Linda.H.Krause@nasa.gov
NR 34
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U1 0
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0273-1177
J9 ADV SPACE RES
JI Adv. Space Res.
PD JUN 15
PY 2011
VL 47
IS 12
BP 2199
EP 2209
DI 10.1016/j.asr.2011.03.017
PG 11
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology &
   Atmospheric Sciences
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 780FS
UT WOS:000291840500015
ER

PT J
AU Pickett, H
   Wiltz, S
AF Pickett, Heather
   Wiltz, Scott
TI Adapalene/Benzoyl Peroxide (Epiduo) for Acne Vulgaris
SO AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID FIXED-DOSE COMBINATION; BENZOYL PEROXIDE; GEL
C1 [Pickett, Heather; Wiltz, Scott] Nellis AFB Family Med Residency, Nellis AFB, NV USA.
RP Pickett, H (reprint author), Nellis AFB Family Med Residency, Nellis AFB, NV USA.
EM heather.pickett@nellis.af.mil
NR 6
TC 0
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U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER ACAD FAMILY PHYSICIANS
PI KANSAS CITY
PA 8880 WARD PARKWAY, KANSAS CITY, MO 64114-2797 USA
SN 0002-838X
J9 AM FAM PHYSICIAN
JI Am. Fam. Physician
PD JUN 15
PY 2011
VL 83
IS 12
BP 1486
EP +
PG 2
WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 979ZV
UT WOS:000306864300013
ER

PT J
AU Sohn, H
   Dutta, D
   Yang, JY
   Park, HJ
   DeSimio, M
   Olson, S
   Swenson, E
AF Sohn, H.
   Dutta, D.
   Yang, J. Y.
   Park, H. J.
   DeSimio, M.
   Olson, S.
   Swenson, E.
TI Delamination detection in composites through guided wave field image
   processing
SO COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Ultrasonics; Non-destructive testing; Delamination; Scanning laser
   doppler vibrometer
ID FATIGUE-CRACK DETECTION; LAMB WAVES; ULTRASONIC TRANSDUCERS; LASER
   VIBROMETRY; PULSED-LASER; SCATTERING; ELEMENT; NDT
AB This study explores the feasibility of using a non-contact guided wave imaging system to detect hidden delamination in multi-layer composites. The study is conducted in two phases. In the first phase, Lamb waves are excited by a lead (Pb) Zirconate Titanate transducer (PZT) mounted on the surface of a composite plate, and the out-of-plane velocity field is measured using a one-dimensional (1D) scanning laser Doppler vibrometer (LDV). From the scanned time signals, wavefield images are constructed and processed to study the interaction of Lamb waves with delamination. The paper presents additional signal and image processing techniques used to highlight the defect in the scanned area. The techniques are demonstrated using experimental data collected from a 1.8 mm thick multi-layer composite. In the second phase, a completely non-contact system is described to excite and measure guided waves. A modulated continuous wave (CW) laser source in conjunction with a photodiode is used to wirelessly excite an attached PZT and the resulting waves are again sensed using the vibrometer. The non-contact system is used to excite and measure elastic waves in a composite channel test article. The elastic wave propagation image sequences are created from the non-contact excitation system. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Dutta, D.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
   [Sohn, H.; Yang, J. Y.; Park, H. J.] Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Taejon 305701, South Korea.
   [DeSimio, M.; Olson, S.] Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
   [Swenson, E.] USAF, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45430 USA.
RP Dutta, D (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
EM debaditya.dutta@gmail.com
FU National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) under the Ministry of
   Education, Science Technology [M20703000015-07N0300-01510,
   2009-0083489]; US Air Force; National Science Foundation (NSF) [0700411]
FX This research was supported by the Nuclear Research & Development
   Program of National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) under the
   Ministry of Education, Science & Technology (M20703000015-07N0300-01510
   and 2009-0083489). The first author would like to acknowledge the
   support from the US Air Force Summer Faculty Program. The second author
   acknowledges the support of the National Science Foundation (NSF award
   number 0700411).
NR 29
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U1 3
U2 45
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0266-3538
J9 COMPOS SCI TECHNOL
JI Compos. Sci. Technol.
PD JUN 15
PY 2011
VL 71
IS 9
BP 1250
EP 1256
DI 10.1016/j.compscitech.2011.04.011
PG 7
WC Materials Science, Composites
SC Materials Science
GA 787CC
UT WOS:000292353200009
ER

PT J
AU Jeon, IY
   Choi, HJ
   Tan, LS
   Baek, JB
AF Jeon, In-Yup
   Choi, Hyun-Jung
   Tan, Loon-Seng
   Baek, Jong-Beom
TI Nanocomposite Prepared from In Situ Grafting of Polypyrrole to
   Aminobenzoyl-Functionalized Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube and Its
   Electrochemical Properties
SO JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART A-POLYMER CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE conducting polymers; electrochemistry; grafting; multiwalled carbon
   nanotube; nanocomposites; polypyrrole
ID CHEMICAL OXIDATIVE POLYMERIZATION; CONDUCTING POLYPYRROLE;
   ELECTRICAL-PROPERTIES; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; LOAD-TRANSFER; COMPOSITES;
   REDUCTION; SURFACE; SUPERCAPACITORS; SENSITIVITY
AB We reported the functionalization of multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) with 4-aminobenzoic acid by a "direct'' Friedel-Crafts acylation reaction in a mild polyphosphoric acid (PPA)/phosphorous pentoxide (P2O5) medium. The resulting 4-aminobenzoyl-functionalized MWCNT (AF-MWCNT) was used as a platform for the grafting of polypyrrole (PPy) in ammonium persulfate (APS)/aqueous hydrochloric acid solution to produce PPy-grafted MWCNT (PPy-g-MWCNT) composite. After dedoping with alkaline treatment, PPy-g-MWCNT displayed 20 times higher electrical conductivity than that of PPy. The current density and cycle stability of PPy-g-MWCNT composite were also remarkably improved compared with those of PPy homopolymer, suggesting that an efficient electron transfer between PPy and MWCNT was possible through covalent links. In addition, PPy-g-MWCNT displayed high electrocatalytic activity for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 49: 2529-2537, 2011
C1 [Jeon, In-Yup; Choi, Hyun-Jung; Baek, Jong-Beom] Ulsan Natl Inst Sci & Technol UNIST, Interdisciplinary Sch Green Energy, Inst Adv Mat & Devices, Ulsan 689798, South Korea.
   [Tan, Loon-Seng] USAF, Nanostruct & Biol Mat Branch, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Res Lab,AFRL RXBN, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Baek, JB (reprint author), Ulsan Natl Inst Sci & Technol UNIST, Interdisciplinary Sch Green Energy, Inst Adv Mat & Devices, 100 Banyeon, Ulsan 689798, South Korea.
EM jbbaek@unist.ac.kr
RI Baek, Jong-Beom/E-5883-2010; Tan, Loon-Seng/F-6985-2012
OI Baek, Jong-Beom/0000-0003-4785-2326; Tan, Loon-Seng/0000-0002-2134-9290
FU National Research Foundation (NRF); Ministry of Education, Science and
   Technology (MEST) of Korea; U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific
   Research; Asian Office of Aerospace RD (AFOSR-AOARD)
FX This project was supported by funding from World Class University (WCU),
   US-Korea NBIT, Basic Research Laboratory (BRL) programs supported by
   National Research Foundation (NRF) and Ministry of Education, Science
   and Technology (MEST) of Korea, U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific
   Research, and Asian Office of Aerospace R&D (AFOSR-AOARD).
NR 49
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U1 2
U2 18
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0887-624X
J9 J POLYM SCI POL CHEM
JI J. Polym. Sci. Pol. Chem.
PD JUN 15
PY 2011
VL 49
IS 12
BP 2529
EP 2537
DI 10.1002/pola.24684
PG 9
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 766DB
UT WOS:000290760100001
ER

PT J
AU McMahon, J
   Martin, RK
   Cain, SC
AF McMahon, Jason
   Martin, Richard K.
   Cain, Stephen C.
TI Range separation performance and optimal pulse-width prediction of a
   three-dimensional flash laser detection and ranging using the Cramer-Rao
   bound
SO APPLIED OPTICS
LA English
DT Article
ID LADAR SYSTEMS; RADAR; OPTIMIZATION; LIMITS
AB This paper derives the Cramer-Rao bound (CRB) on range separation estimation of two point sources interrogated by a three-dimensional flash laser detection and ranging (LADAR) system. An unbiased range separation estimator is also derived to compare against the bound. Additionally, the CRB can be expressed as a function of two LADAR design parameters (range sampling and transmitted pulse width), which can be selected in order to optimize the expected range resolution between two point sources. Given several range sampling capabilities, the CRB and simulation show agreement that there is an optimal pulse width where a shorter pulse width would increase estimation variance due to undersampling of the pulse and a longer pulse width would degrade the resolving capability. Finally, the optimal pulse-width concept is extended to more complex targets and a normalized pulse definition. (C) 2011 Optical Society of America
C1 [McMahon, Jason] USAF, Res Lab, Munit Directorate, Eglin AFB, FL 32542 USA.
   [Martin, Richard K.; Cain, Stephen C.] USAF, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP McMahon, J (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Munit Directorate, 101 W Eglin Blvd, Eglin AFB, FL 32542 USA.
EM jason.mcmahon@us.af.mil
FU United States Air Force Office of Scientific Research (USAFOSR)
FX This work was funded in part by the United States Air Force Office of
   Scientific Research (USAFOSR). The views expressed in this paper are
   those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position
   of the United States Air Force, Department of Defense, or the United
   States government. This document has been approved for public release,
   distribution unlimited.
NR 21
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U1 1
U2 2
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1559-128X
EI 2155-3165
J9 APPL OPTICS
JI Appl. Optics
PD JUN 10
PY 2011
VL 50
IS 17
BP 2559
EP 2571
DI 10.1364/AO.50.002559
PG 13
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 780QG
UT WOS:000291872800009
PM 21673757
ER

PT J
AU Carlson, CG
   Ross, RB
   Schafer, JM
   Spring, JB
   Ward, BG
AF Carlson, Chad G.
   Ross, R. Brendan
   Schafer, Jessica M.
   Spring, Justin B.
   Ward, Benjamin G.
TI Full vectorial analysis of Brillouin gain in random acoustically
   microstructured photonic crystal fibers
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID OPTICAL-FIBERS; SCATTERING; SUPPRESSION; THRESHOLD
AB We report on the fully vectorial numerical investigation of Brillouin gain in large-mode-area random acoustically microstructured photonic crystal fibers. We treated the fiber core as a linear isotropic elastic medium, resulting in an energy functional that we minimized to obtain the heterogeneous, anisotropic, and Stokes-frequency-dependent vector acoustic displacement field used to calculate the Brillouin gain spectra with a finite element method. We found that the peak Brillouin gain is dependent on the size of the acoustic domains and that a 4% spread in acoustic velocities results in peak Brillouin gain values suppressed by 8 dB relative to that of homogeneous fused silica fibers.
C1 [Carlson, Chad G.; Ross, R. Brendan; Schafer, Jessica M.; Spring, Justin B.; Ward, Benjamin G.] USAF Acad, Laser & Opt Res Ctr, Dept Phys, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
RP Carlson, CG (reprint author), USAF Acad, Laser & Opt Res Ctr, Dept Phys, 2354 Fairchild Dr,Suite 2A31, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
FU High Energy Laser Joint Technology Office; Air Force Research Laboratory
   DoD Supercomputing Resource Center
FX The authors wish to acknowledge the High Energy Laser Joint Technology
   Office for funding support. This work was supported in part by a grant
   of computer time from the DOD High Performance Computing Modernization
   (HPCMP) Program at the Air Force Research Laboratory DoD Supercomputing
   Resource Center. The authors thank Juan Carlos Chaves of the HPCMP
   Productivity Enhancement and Technology Transfer and Training team for
   programming support, and Thomas G. Ward, Jr. and Michael K. Shaffer for
   their assistance in reviewing the manuscript.
NR 30
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U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
EI 1550-235X
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD JUN 7
PY 2011
VL 83
IS 23
AR 235110
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.83.235110
PG 9
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 773ZU
UT WOS:000291351900002
ER

PT J
AU Hammerstroem, DW
   Burgers, MA
   Chung, SW
   Guliants, EA
   Bunker, CE
   Wentz, KM
   Hayes, SE
   Buckner, SW
   Jelliss, PA
AF Hammerstroem, Douglas W.
   Burgers, Mark A.
   Chung, Stephen W.
   Guliants, Elena A.
   Bunker, Christopher E.
   Wentz, Katherine M.
   Hayes, Sophia E.
   Buckner, Steven W.
   Jelliss, Paul A.
TI Aluminum Nanoparticles Capped by Polymerization of Alkyl-Substituted
   Epoxides: Ratio-Dependent Stability and Particle Size
SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID TEMPERATURE; NANOPOWDERS; POWDERS
AB We report here on the polymerization of epoxide monomers on incipient aluminum nanoparticle cores and the effects of changing the epoxide-capping precursor and the metallic monomer ratio on the resultant stability and particle size of passivated and capped aluminum nanoparticles. When altering the ratio of aluminum to cap monomer precursor, nanoparticles capped with epoxydodecane, epoxyhexane, and epoxyisobutane show a clear decreasing trend in stability with decreasing alkane substituent length. The nanoparticle core size was unaffected by cap ratio or composition. PXRD (powder X-ray diffraction) and DSC/TGA (differential scanning calorimetry/thermal gravimetric analysis) confirm the presence of successfully passivated face-centered cubic (fcc) aluminum nanopartides. We also report preliminary results from ATR-FTIR (attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared), (13)C GPMAS (cross-polarization/magic-angle spinning), and (27)Al MAS solid-state NAIR (nuclear magnetic resonance) measurements. The most stable aluminum nanoparticle-polyether core-shell nanoparticles are found at an Al:monomer mole ratio of 10:1 with an active Al(o)content of 94%.
C1 [Bunker, Christopher E.] USAF, Res Lab, Prop Directorate, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
   [Hammerstroem, Douglas W.; Burgers, Mark A.; Chung, Stephen W.; Buckner, Steven W.; Jelliss, Paul A.] St Louis Univ, Dept Chem, St Louis, MO 63103 USA.
   [Guliants, Elena A.] Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Sensors Technol Off, Dayton, OH USA.
   [Wentz, Katherine M.; Hayes, Sophia E.] Washington Univ, Dept Chem, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
RP Bunker, CE (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Prop Directorate, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
EM buckners@slu.edu; jellissp@slu.edu
RI Hayes, Sophia/C-1075-2008
OI Hayes, Sophia/0000-0002-2809-6193
FU Air Force Research Laboratory
FX We gratefully acknowledge the Air Force Research Laboratory
   Nanoenergetics Program for supporting this work.
NR 21
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U1 0
U2 28
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0020-1669
J9 INORG CHEM
JI Inorg. Chem.
PD JUN 6
PY 2011
VL 50
IS 11
BP 5054
EP 5059
DI 10.1021/ic2003386
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
SC Chemistry
GA 768ZI
UT WOS:000290978400046
PM 21563767
ER

PT J
AU Tawk, Y
   Bkassiny, M
   El-Howayek, G
   Jayaweera, SK
   Avery, K
   Christodoulou, CG
AF Tawk, Y.
   Bkassiny, M.
   El-Howayek, G.
   Jayaweera, S. K.
   Avery, K.
   Christodoulou, C. G.
TI Reconfigurable front-end antennas for cognitive radio applications
SO IET MICROWAVES ANTENNAS & PROPAGATION
LA English
DT Article
ID SPECTRUM ACCESS; DEVICES
AB This study presents new antenna schemes suitable for cognitive radio communications. The antenna structures consist of a ultra wide band (UWB) sensing antenna, and a frequency reconfigurable communicating antenna both incorporated into the same substrate. Two different techniques to achieve the required frequency agility are proposed. The first one is based on a rotational motion of the radiating patch whereas the second is based on optical switching. The importance of these techniques is that no bias lines are needed as is seen in the case of RF MEMs, PIN diodes and lumped elements. Prototype antennas were fabricated and a good agreement was observed between the simulated and the measured data.
C1 [Tawk, Y.; Bkassiny, M.; El-Howayek, G.; Jayaweera, S. K.; Christodoulou, C. G.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
   [Avery, K.] USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM USA.
RP Tawk, Y (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
EM yatawk@ece.unm.edu
FU Air Force Research Lab\RUSE [FA9453-09-C-0309]
FX This work was supported by the Air Force Research Lab\RUSE under
   contract no. FA9453-09-C-0309.
NR 32
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 1
U2 3
PU INST ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY-IET
PI HERTFORD
PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD SG1 2AY, ENGLAND
SN 1751-8725
J9 IET MICROW ANTENNA P
JI IET Microw. Antennas Propag.
PD JUN 6
PY 2011
VL 5
IS 8
BP 985
EP 992
DI 10.1049/iet-map.2010.0358
PG 8
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA 783KP
UT WOS:000292081500018
ER

PT J
AU Shewale, V
   Joshi, P
   Mukhopadhyay, S
   Deshpande, M
   Pandey, R
   Hussain, S
   Karna, SP
AF Shewale, Vasundhara
   Joshi, Prachi
   Mukhopadhyay, Saikat
   Deshpande, Mrinalini
   Pandey, Ravindra
   Hussain, Saber
   Karna, Shashi P.
TI First-Principles Study of Nanoparticle-Biomolecular Interactions:
   Anchoring of a (ZnO)(12) Cluster on Nucleobases
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
LA English
DT Article
ID WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES; DNA BASES; ELECTRONIC-PROPERTIES; NANOCOMPONENT
   ARRAYS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; GOLD CLUSTERS; ZNO CLUSTERS; BINDING;
   PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; COMPLEXES
AB We report the results of theoretical calculations on interaction of the nucleotide bases of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA) with a (ZnO)(12) duster, carried out within density-functional theory framework. In all cases, (ZnO)(12) prefers to bind with a ring nitrogen atom having a lone electron pair relative to the other possible binding sites of the bases. The degree of hybridization between Zn-d and N-p orbitals determines the relative interaction strength at the N-site of individual nucleobases with (ZnO)(12) in contrast to the cases of interaction of metallic dusters and carbon nanostructures with nucleobases where either electrostatic or van der Waals interactions dominates the bonding characteristics of the conjugate complexes. The predicted site-preference of (ZnO)(12) toward the nucleobases appears to be similar to that of the metal clusters, which indicates that the metal dusters retain their site-preference even in their oxidized state.
C1 [Shewale, Vasundhara; Joshi, Prachi; Mukhopadhyay, Saikat; Pandey, Ravindra] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Phys, Houghton, MI 49931 USA.
   [Shewale, Vasundhara; Deshpande, Mrinalini] HPT Arts & RYK Sci Coll, Dept Phys, Nasik, Maharashtra, India.
   [Joshi, Prachi] Nat Phys Lab NPL, Delhi, India.
   [Hussain, Saber] USAF, Res Lab, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
   [Karna, Shashi P.] USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, ATTN AMSRD ARL WM, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 20783 USA.
RP Pandey, R (reprint author), Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Phys, Houghton, MI 49931 USA.
EM pandey@mtu.edu; shashi.karna@us.army.mil
RI Mukhopadhyay, Saikat/B-4402-2011
FU Department of Science and Technology (DST), Government of India; Henry
   M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc.
FX We gratefully acknowledge V. Shanker and S. Gowtham for their
   constructive criticism and fruitful scientific discussions. V.S. and
   P.J. also acknowledge Michigan Technological University for providing
   local hospitality. M.D. and V.S. acknowledge the financial assistance
   from the Department of Science and Technology (DST), Government of
   India. R.P. acknowledges the financial support of the Henry M. Jackson
   Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc.
NR 49
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 1
U2 13
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1932-7447
J9 J PHYS CHEM C
JI J. Phys. Chem. C
PD JUN 2
PY 2011
VL 115
IS 21
BP 10426
EP 10430
DI 10.1021/jp2013545
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science,
   Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 768EQ
UT WOS:000290914700017
ER

PT J
AU Ameer, MS
   Busbee, JD
AF Ameer, Maher S.
   Busbee, John D.
TI Self-Assembled Hierarchical Structure of Fullerene Building Blocks;
   Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes and C-60
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
LA English
DT Article
ID ROD-SPHERE MIXTURES; RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; LIQUID-CRYSTALS;
   PHASE-BEHAVIOR; FILMS; PEAPODS; SUSPENSIONS; GRAPHENE; GAS; NANOSPHERES
AB We report a self-assembled hierarchical nanostructure produced by mixing two carbon nanobuilding blocks -fullerene nanospheres (C-60) and (10,10) armchair single-walled carbon nanotubes- at ambient temperature and pressure. It was found that upon mixing the fullerene building blocks, they self-assemble into films with smectic liquid crystal-like periodicity. The films wrap around to form nanospheres (50 to 150 nm in diameter) with central cavities resembling pitted nanofruits that are connected by a network of stems. Raman spectroscopy showed 10 cm(-1) softening in the frequency of the G(+) mode of the assembled nanotubes indicating significant alteration in the assembly's electronic structure. The current findings point out a new rich subject to explore which could promote engineered nanostructured assemblies leading to many advances in materials science and biological and environmental fields.
C1 [Ameer, Maher S.; Busbee, John D.] USAF, Nano & Bio Branch, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Res Lab, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
   [Ameer, Maher S.] Wright State Univ, Dayton, OH 45435 USA.
RP Ameer, MS (reprint author), USAF, Nano & Bio Branch, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Res Lab, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
EM amer@wright.edu
RI Amer, Maher/A-1802-2009
NR 71
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 24
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1932-7447
J9 J PHYS CHEM C
JI J. Phys. Chem. C
PD JUN 2
PY 2011
VL 115
IS 21
BP 10483
EP 10488
DI 10.1021/jp201868b
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science,
   Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 768EQ
UT WOS:000290914700024
ER

PT J
AU Crop, JA
   Bunt, CW
AF Crop, Justin A.
   Bunt, Christopher W.
TI "Doctor, my thumb hurts"
SO JOURNAL OF FAMILY PRACTICE
LA English
DT Article
ID INTRAARTICULAR CORTICOSTEROID INJECTION; 1ST CARPOMETACARPAL JOINT;
   PERCUTANEOUS RELEASE; STEROID INJECTION; CONTROLLED-TRIAL; TRIGGER
   FINGERS; OSTEOARTHRITIS; TENOSYNOVITIS; MANAGEMENT; ARTHRITIS
C1 [Crop, Justin A.] Nellis AFB, Las Vegas, NV USA.
   [Bunt, Christopher W.] Univ Nebraska, Med Ctr, Omaha, NE USA.
   [Bunt, Christopher W.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
RP Bunt, CW (reprint author), USAF, 2501 Capehart Rd, Offutt AFB, NE 68113 USA.
EM Christopher.Bunt@offutt.af.mil
OI Bunt, Christopher/0000-0002-5130-6902
NR 18
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU DOWDEN HEALTH MEDIA
PI MONTVALE
PA 110 SUMMIT AVE, MONTVALE, NJ 07645-1712 USA
SN 0094-3509
J9 J FAM PRACTICE
JI J. Fam. Pract.
PD JUN
PY 2011
VL 60
IS 6
BP 329
EP 332
PG 4
WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 930IK
UT WOS:000303132100005
PM 21647468
ER

PT J
AU Tabiryan, NV
   Nersisyan, SR
   White, TJ
   Bunning, TJ
   Steeves, DM
   Kimball, BR
AF Tabiryan, Nelson V.
   Nersisyan, Sarik R.
   White, Timothy J.
   Bunning, Timothy J.
   Steeves, Diane M.
   Kimball, Brian R.
TI Transparent thin film polarizing and optical control systems
SO AIP ADVANCES
LA English
DT Article
ID LIQUID-CRYSTALS; POLARIZATION GRATINGS; HIGH-EFFICIENCY; DIFFRACTION
AB We show that a diffractive waveplate can be combined with a phase retardation film for fully converting light of arbitrary polarization state into a polarized light. Incorporating a photonic bandgap layer into a system of such polarizers that unify different polarization states in the input light into a single polarization state at its output, rather than absorbing or reflecting half of it, we developed and demonstrated a polarization-independent optical controller capable of switching between transmittive and reflective states. The transition between those states is smoothly controlled with low-voltage and low-power sources. Using versatile fabrication methods, this "universally polarizing optical controller" can be integrated into a thin package compatible with a variety of display, spatial light modulation, optical communication, imaging and other photonics systems. Copyright 2011 Author(s). This article is distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. [doi:10.1063/1.3609965]
C1 [Tabiryan, Nelson V.; Nersisyan, Sarik R.] Beam Engn Adv Measurements Co, Winter Pk, FL 32789 USA.
   [White, Timothy J.; Bunning, Timothy J.] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Steeves, Diane M.; Kimball, Brian R.] USA, Natick Soldier Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA.
RP Tabiryan, NV (reprint author), Beam Engn Adv Measurements Co, Winter Pk, FL 32789 USA.
EM nelson@beamco.org
RI White, Timothy/D-4392-2012
FU AFRL HMRSS [FA8650-09-D-5434, 009]; U.S. Army Natick Soldier Research,
   Development & Engineering Center [W911QY-10-C-0089]
FX This work was performed with the support of the AFRL HMRSS Program
   (Prime contract FA8650-09-D-5434, Task Order 009), and the U.S. Army
   Natick Soldier Research, Development & Engineering Center (Contract
   W911QY-10-C-0089). Approved for public release (OPSEC # U11-152).
NR 14
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 9
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
   MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 2158-3226
J9 AIP ADV
JI AIP Adv.
PD JUN
PY 2011
VL 1
IS 2
AR 022153
DI 10.1063/1.3609965
PG 11
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
   Physics, Applied
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics
GA 916XR
UT WOS:000302137000051
ER

PT J
AU Massman, JP
   Havrilla, MJ
   Whites, KW
AF Massman, Jeffrey P.
   Havrilla, Michael J.
   Whites, Keith W.
TI Adapting Generally Filled Cylindrical Sheet Impedances for
   Electromagnetic Compatibility
SO IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION MAGAZINE
LA English
DT Article
DE Impedance sheet; R-card; EMC/EMI; scattering
ID BOUNDARY-CONDITIONS; THIN STRIPS; SCATTERING
AB The ability to control the bistatic scattering characteristics from cylindrical objects using a tapered cylindrical impedance sheet is presented. It is shown that with the capability to readily control both the real and imaginary components of a percolated lossy film's effective impedance, specific impedance distributions can be obtained to effectively introduce and direct the overall nulls in the bistatic scattering pattern. The bistatic scattering width calculations are based on a modal analysis and an impedance-sheet boundary condition formulation. Potential uses of tapered cylindrical impedance sheets in bistatic EMC/EMI applications are discussed.
C1 [Massman, Jeffrey P.; Havrilla, Michael J.] USAF, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Inst ofTechnol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Whites, Keith W.] S Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Lab Appl Elect & Commun, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA.
RP Massman, JP (reprint author), USAF, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Inst ofTechnol, 2950 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM jeffmassman@gmail.com; michael.havrilla@afit.edu; whites@sdsmt.edu
NR 14
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1045-9243
J9 IEEE ANTENN PROPAG M
JI IEEE Antennas Propag. Mag.
PD JUN
PY 2011
VL 53
IS 3
BP 150
EP 156
DI 10.1109/MAP.2011.6028437
PG 7
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA 893NG
UT WOS:000300362000012
ER

PT J
AU Mustin, J
   Rishikof, H
AF Mustin, Jeff
   Rishikof, Harvey
TI PROJECTING FORCE IN THE 21ST CENTURY - LEGITIMACY AND THE RULE OF LAW
   TITLE 50, TITLE 10, TITLE 18, AND ART. 75
SO RUTGERS LAW REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
C1 [Mustin, Jeff] Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
   [Mustin, Jeff] USAF Acad, Colorado Springs, CO USA.
   [Rishikof, Harvey] ABA Standing Comm Law & Natl Secur, Washington, DC USA.
   [Rishikof, Harvey] Natl War Coll, Dept Natl Secur Strategy, Washington, DC USA.
RP Mustin, J (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
NR 25
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU RUTGERS UNIV
PI NEWARK
PA SCHOOL LAW 123 WASHINGTON ST, NEWARK, NJ 07102 USA
SN 0036-0465
J9 RUTGERS LAW REV
JI Rutgers Law Rev.
PD SUM
PY 2011
VL 63
IS 4
BP 1235
EP 1251
PG 17
WC Law
SC Government & Law
GA 851AR
UT WOS:000297241200010
ER

PT J
AU Mall, S
   Jain, VK
   Fadag, HA
AF Mall, S.
   Jain, V. K.
   Fadag, H. A.
TI Effects of Shot-Peening on Fretting Fatigue Crack Growth Behavior in
   Ti-6Al-4V
SO STRAIN
LA English
DT Article
DE crack propagation; fatigue; fracture mechanics; fretting; shot-peening;
   titanium alloy
ID INITIATION; PROPAGATION; MECHANICS; INTENSITY
AB The effects of shot-peening on fretting fatigue crack growth behaviour in titanium alloy, Ti-6Al-4V were investigated. Three shot-peening intensities: 4A, 7A and 10A were considered. The analysis involved the fracture mechanics and finite element sub-modelling technique to estimate crack propagation lives. These computations were supplemented with the experimentally measured total fretting fatigue lives of laboratory specimens to assess the crack initiation lives. Shot-peening has significant effect on the initiation/propagation phases of fretting fatigue cracks; however this effect depends upon the shot-peening intensity. The ratio of crack initiation and total life increased while the ratio of the crack propagation and total life decreased with an increase of shot-peening intensity. Effects of residual compressive stress from shot-peening on the crack growth behaviour were also investigated. The fretting fatigue crack propagation component of the total life with relaxation increased in comparison to its counterpart without relaxation in each shot-peened intensity case while the initiation component decreased. Improvement in the fretting fatigue life from the shot-peening and also with an increase in the shot-peening intensity appears to be not always due to increase in the crack initiation resistance from shot-peened induced residual compressive stress.
C1 [Mall, S.] USAF, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Jain, V. K.; Fadag, H. A.] Univ Dayton, Mech & Aerosp Engn Dept, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
RP Mall, S (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
NR 25
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 12
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0039-2103
J9 STRAIN
JI Strain
PD JUN
PY 2011
VL 47
SU 1
BP E305
EP E318
DI 10.1111/j.1475-1305.2008.00591.x
PG 14
WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing
SC Materials Science
GA 833XL
UT WOS:000295918500029
ER

PT J
AU Asheghian, L
   Reich, G
   Enke, A
   Kudva, J
AF Asheghian, Laila
   Reich, Greg
   Enke, Andrew
   Kudva, Jay
TI Shear Morphing Skins - Simulation and Testing of Optimized Design
SO JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT MATERIAL SYSTEMS AND STRUCTURES
LA English
DT Article
DE morphing skin; shear morphing; composite skin
AB Previous work designed and tested novel morphing wing designs that were enabled by 'shear-morphing' skins capable of withstanding 400 psf (19.15 kPa) airloads while simultaneously undergoing shear strains over 100%. These ad hoc skin designs consisted of high-strain silicone facesheets supported by thin, closely spaced aluminum strands glued to the facesheets and bounded by pin-jointed frames. While these performed well in wind tunnel and flight tests, two areas for improvement were identified: reduction in manufacturing complexity and reduction in actuation force requirements. In this research, with the use of high-fidelity modeling (ANSYS) and in-house testing, a new design was obtained that met both of the desired objectives using novel materials and single-piece support structure fabrication. Using an optimized design from analysis, the ANSYS code was validated through manufacture and testing of panels. This article details the results of testing and compares them to predictions of both the ANSYS code and N-MAS baseline designs values by various test setups. Results presented include shear morphing forces/energy, out-of-plane displacement under air loading, and 3D photometric analysis of shearing panels for identification of stresses/strains and wrinkling initialization in the skin. Testing provided substantiation of the ANSYS code, matching the general predicted trends despite a wide variability in material properties.
C1 [Asheghian, Laila; Enke, Andrew; Kudva, Jay] NextGen Aeronaut, Torrance, CA 90505 USA.
   [Reich, Greg] USAF, Air Vehicles Directorate, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Asheghian, L (reprint author), NextGen Aeronaut, 2780 Skypk Dr,Suite 400, Torrance, CA 90505 USA.
EM lasheghian@nextgenaero.com
FU AFOSR [FA9550-07-C-0074]
FX The authors thank Dr Victor Giurgiutiu and Dr David Stargel, AFOSR
   program managers, for their technical guidance and sponsorship. They
   also thank Mr Brian Smyers of AFRL/RB for conducting the photometric
   tests and Dr Raymond Olympio and Dr Farhan Gandhi of PSU for ANSYS
   optimization development. This study was supported by AFOSR contract
   number FA9550-07-C-0074.
NR 8
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 6
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND
SN 1045-389X
J9 J INTEL MAT SYST STR
JI J. Intell. Mater. Syst. Struct.
PD JUN
PY 2011
VL 22
IS 9
BP 945
EP 960
DI 10.1177/1045389X11411120
PG 16
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA 813XD
UT WOS:000294402600008
ER

PT J
AU Robertson, IM
   Schuh, CA
   Vetrano, JS
   Browning, ND
   Field, DP
   Jensen, DJ
   Miller, MK
   Baker, I
   Dunand, DC
   Dunin-Borkowski, R
   Kabius, B
   Kelly, T
   Lozano-Perez, S
   Misra, A
   Rohrer, GS
   Rollett, AD
   Taheri, ML
   Thompson, GB
   Uchic, M
   Wang, XL
   Was, G
AF Robertson, Ian M.
   Schuh, Christopher A.
   Vetrano, John S.
   Browning, Nigel D.
   Field, David P.
   Jensen, Dorte Juul
   Miller, Michael K.
   Baker, Ian
   Dunand, David C.
   Dunin-Borkowski, Rafal
   Kabius, Bernd
   Kelly, Tom
   Lozano-Perez, Sergio
   Misra, Amit
   Rohrer, Gregory S.
   Rollett, Anthony D.
   Taheri, Mitra L.
   Thompson, Greg B.
   Uchic, Michael
   Wang, Xun-Li
   Was, Gary
TI Towards an integrated materials characterization toolbox
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH
LA English
DT Review
ID TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; ATOM-PROBE TOMOGRAPHY; GRAIN-BOUNDARY
   NETWORKS; DISLOCATION-PRECIPITATE INTERACTIONS; BACKSCATTER DIFFRACTION
   PATTERNS; PARTICLE BYPASS MECHANISMS; RAY STRUCTURAL MICROSCOPY;
   STRESS-CORROSION CRACKING; SITU NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; 5 MACROSCOPIC
   PARAMETERS
AB The material characterization toolbox has recently experienced a number of parallel revolutionary advances, foreshadowing a time in the near future when material scientists can quantify material structure evolution across spatial and temporal space simultaneously. This will provide insight to reaction dynamics in four-dimensions, spanning multiple orders of magnitude in both temporal and spatial space. This study presents the authors' viewpoint on the material characterization field, reviewing its recent past, evaluating its present capabilities, and proposing directions for its future development. Electron microscopy; atom probe tomography; x-ray, neutron and electron tomography; serial sectioning tomography; and diffraction-based analysis methods are reviewed, and opportunities for their future development are highlighted. Advances in surface probe microscopy have been reviewed recently and, therefore, are not included [D.A. Bonnell et al.: Rev. Modern Phys. in Review]. In this study particular attention is paid to studies that have pioneered the synergetic use of multiple techniques to provide complementary views of a single structure or process; several of these studies represent the state-of-the-art in characterization and suggest a trajectory for the continued development of the field. Based on this review, a set of grand challenges for characterization science is identified, including suggestions for instrumentation advances, scientific problems in microstructure analysis, and complex structure evolution problems involving material damage. The future of microstructural characterization is proposed to be one not only where individual techniques are pushed to their limits, but where the community devises strategies of technique synergy to address complex multiscale problems in materials science and engineering.
C1 [Robertson, Ian M.] Univ Illinois, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
   [Schuh, Christopher A.] MIT, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
   [Vetrano, John S.] US DOE, Mat Sci & Engn Div, Off Basic Energy Sci, Washington, DC 20585 USA.
   [Browning, Nigel D.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
   [Browning, Nigel D.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Mol & Cellular Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
   [Browning, Nigel D.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Condensed Matter & Mat Div, Phys & Life Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
   [Field, David P.] Washington State Univ, Sch Mech & Mat Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
   [Jensen, Dorte Juul] Tech Univ Denmark, Riso Natl Lab Sustainable Energy, Mat Res Div, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
   [Miller, Michael K.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
   [Baker, Ian] Dartmouth Coll, Thayer Sch Engn, Hanover, NH 03755 USA.
   [Dunand, David C.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
   [Dunin-Borkowski, Rafal] Tech Univ Denmark, Ctr Elect Nanoscopy, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.
   [Kabius, Bernd] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
   [Kelly, Tom] Cameca Instruments Corp, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
   [Lozano-Perez, Sergio] Univ Oxford, Dept Mat, Oxford OX1 3PH, England.
   [Misra, Amit] Los Alamos Natl Lab, MPA CINT, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
   [Rohrer, Gregory S.; Rollett, Anthony D.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
   [Taheri, Mitra L.] Drexel Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
   Univ Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
   [Uchic, Michael] USAF, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Wang, Xun-Li] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Neutron Scattering Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
   [Was, Gary] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
RP Robertson, IM (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 1304 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
EM ianr@illinois.edu
RI Lozano-Perez, Sergio/E-1817-2011; Rollett, Anthony/A-4096-2012; Wang,
   Xun-Li/C-9636-2010; Dunand, David/B-7515-2009; Dunin-Borkowski,
   Rafal/G-5597-2012; Misra, Amit/H-1087-2012; Taheri, Mitra/F-1321-2011;
   Field, David/D-5216-2012; Rohrer, Gregory/A-9420-2008; 
OI Browning, Nigel/0000-0003-0491-251X; Lozano-Perez,
   Sergio/0000-0003-3387-5973; Rollett, Anthony/0000-0003-4445-2191; Wang,
   Xun-Li/0000-0003-4060-8777; Dunin-Borkowski, Rafal/0000-0001-8082-0647;
   Field, David/0000-0001-9415-0795; Rohrer, Gregory/0000-0002-9671-3034;
   Juul Jensen, Dorte/0000-0001-5096-6602; Dunand,
   David/0000-0001-5476-7379
FU Council of Materials Science and Engineering of the U.S. Department of
   Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences; Department of Energy BES
   [DE-FG02-07ER46443, DE-FG02-08ER46525]; National Science Foundation
   [DMR-0855402]
FX This report was sponsored by the Council of Materials Science and
   Engineering of the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy
   Sciences. The authors thank Dr. Linda Horton and Professor Frances
   Hellman for their support. IMR acknowledges the support from Department
   of Energy BES under grants DE-FG02-07ER46443 and DE-FG02-08ER46525 for
   preparing this report. CS acknowledges the support from the National
   Science Foundation under grant DMR-0855402.
NR 336
TC 38
Z9 39
U1 9
U2 118
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 0884-2914
EI 2044-5326
J9 J MATER RES
JI J. Mater. Res.
PD JUN
PY 2011
VL 26
IS 11
BP 1341
EP 1383
DI 10.1557/jmr.2011.41
PG 43
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA 793OJ
UT WOS:000292832700002
ER

PT J
AU Estis, JM
   Parisi, JA
   Moore, RE
   Brungart, DS
AF Estis, Julie M.
   Parisi, Julie A.
   Moore, Robert E.
   Brungart, Douglas S.
TI SPEECH INTELLIGIBILITY DIFFERENCES ACROSS SOUND CLASSES WITH IN-THE-EAR
   AND FREE-FIELD MICROPHONES IN QUIET
SO PERCEPTUAL AND MOTOR SKILLS
LA English
DT Article
ID BONE-CONDUCTION
AB Speech intelligibility performance with an in-the-ear microphone embedded in a custom-molded deep-insertion earplug was compared with results obtained using a free-field microphone. Intelligibility differences between microphones were further analyzed to assess whether reduced intelligibility was specific to certain sound classes. 36 participants completed the Modified Rhyme Test using recordings made with each microphone. While speech intelligibility for both microphones was highly accurate, intelligibility with the free-field microphone was significantly better than with the in-the-ear microphone. There were significant effects of place and manner of sound production. Significant differences in recognition among specific phonemes were also revealed. Implications included modifying the in-the-ear microphone to transmit more high frequency energy Use of the in-the-ear microphone was limited by significant loss of high-frequency energy of the speech signal which resulted in reduced intelligibility for some sounds; however, the in-the-ear microphone is a promising technology for effective communication in military environments.
C1 [Estis, Julie M.] Univ S Alabama, Coll Allied Hlth Profess, Dept Speech Pathol & Audiol, Mobile, AL 36688 USA.
   [Brungart, Douglas S.] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Estis, JM (reprint author), Univ S Alabama, Coll Allied Hlth Profess, Dept Speech Pathol & Audiol, HAHN 1119, Mobile, AL 36688 USA.
EM jestis@usouthal.edu
NR 12
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMMONS SCIENTIFIC, LTD
PI MISSOULA
PA PO BOX 9229, MISSOULA, MT 59807-9229 USA
SN 0031-5125
J9 PERCEPT MOTOR SKILL
JI Percept. Mot. Skills
PD JUN
PY 2011
VL 112
IS 3
BP 845
EP 859
DI 10.2466/24.28.PMS.112.3.845-859
PG 15
WC Psychology, Experimental
SC Psychology
GA 793WY
UT WOS:000292855800019
PM 21853774
ER

PT J
AU Rutkowski, AJ
   Miller, MM
   Quinn, RD
   Willis, MA
AF Rutkowski, Adam J.
   Miller, Mikel M.
   Quinn, Roger D.
   Willis, Mark A.
TI Egomotion estimation with optic flow and air velocity sensors
SO BIOLOGICAL CYBERNETICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Egomotion estimation; Optic flow; Wind estimation
ID IMAGE-INTERPOLATION TECHNIQUE; DIFFERENT HEIGHTS; FLIGHT MANEUVERS;
   UPWIND FLIGHT; SEX-PHEROMONE; MOTHS; ORIENTATION; ANEMOTAXIS; ALTITUDE
AB We develop a method that allows a flyer to estimate its own motion (egomotion), the wind velocity, ground slope, and flight height using only inputs from onboard optic flow and air velocity sensors. Our artificial algorithm demonstrates how it could be possible for flying insects to determine their absolute egomotion using their available sensors, namely their eyes and wind sensitive hairs and antennae. Although many behaviors can be performed by only knowing the direction of travel, behavioral experiments indicate that odor tracking insects are able to estimate the wind direction and control their absolute egomotion (i.e., groundspeed). The egomotion estimation method that we have developed, which we call the opto-aeronautic algorithm, is tested in a variety of wind and ground slope conditions using a video recorded flight of a moth tracking a pheromone plume. Over all test cases that we examined, the algorithm achieved a mean absolute error in height of 7% or less. Furthermore, our algorithm is suitable for the navigation of aerial vehicles in environments where signals from the Global Positioning System are unavailable.
C1 [Rutkowski, Adam J.; Miller, Mikel M.] USAF, Res Lab, RW, Eglin AFB, Eglin AFB, FL 32542 USA.
   [Quinn, Roger D.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA.
   [Willis, Mark A.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Biol, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA.
RP Rutkowski, AJ (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, RW, Eglin AFB, Eglin AFB, FL 32542 USA.
EM adam.rutkowski@eglin.af.mil
FU Ohio Space Grant Consortium; National Research Council
FX We thank Elizabeth Morrison for providing the digitized moth flight
   track used to test the algorithm. We thank Justin Bailey for his
   assistance in measuring the wind velocity in an outdoor environment. We
   also thank Dr. Benjamin Dickinson for his critical comments on a draft
   of this manuscript and for his assistance with LATEX. A Rutkowski was
   supported by the Ohio Space Grant Consortium and the National Research
   Council.
NR 40
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 8
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0340-1200
J9 BIOL CYBERN
JI Biol. Cybern.
PD JUN
PY 2011
VL 104
IS 6
BP 351
EP 367
DI 10.1007/s00422-011-0440-z
PG 17
WC Computer Science, Cybernetics; Neurosciences
SC Computer Science; Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 791GC
UT WOS:000292651900001
PM 21728014
ER

PT J
AU Suliman, HS
   Fecura, SE
   Baskin, J
   Kalns, JE
AF Suliman, Huda S.
   Fecura, Stephen E.
   Baskin, Jonathan
   Kalns, John E.
TI Laboratory Evaluation of 10 Heat and Moisture Exchangers Using Simulated
   Aeromedical Evacuation Conditions
SO MILITARY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID MECHANICAL VENTILATION; HUMIDIFICATION; PERFORMANCE; HUMIDIFIERS;
   PNEUMONIA; MODEL; AIR
AB Heat and moisture exchangers (HMEs) are used for airway humidification in mechanically ventilated patients and have been evaluated only under hospital conditions. U.S. Air Force aeromedical evacuation transports are performed under rugged conditions further complicated by the cold and dry environment in military aircrafts, and HMEs are used to provide airway humidification for patients. This study evaluated 10 commercial HMEs using a test system that simulated aeromedical evacuation conditions. Although the American National Standards Institute recommends inspired air to be at an absolute humidity value of >= 30 mg/L for mechanically ventilated patients, the highest absolute humidity by any HME was similar to 20 mg/L. Although none of the HMEs were able to maintain a temperature high enough to achieve the humidity standard of the American National Standards Institute, the clinical significance of this standard may be less important than the relative humidity maintained in the respired air, especially on evacuation flights of short duration.
C1 [Suliman, Huda S.; Baskin, Jonathan; Kalns, John E.] Hyper Biotechnol Inc, San Antonio, TX 78248 USA.
   [Fecura, Stephen E.] 13 AF SG TPMRC P, Hickam AFB, HI 96853 USA.
RP Suliman, HS (reprint author), Hyper Biotechnol Inc, 13302 Langtry, San Antonio, TX 78248 USA.
FU USAF School of Aerospace Medicine [FA8900-06-D-6018]
FX We acknowledge the support of the Critical Care Air Transport Team
   Course and TSgt Sean Seay, USAF School of Aerospace Medicine, Brooks
   City-Base, Texas, who graciously provided ventilators for use in the
   study and expert advice on design and testing of HMEs. Funding for this
   project was provided under contract FA8900-06-D-6018 from the USAF
   School of Aerospace Medicine to Hyperion Biotechnology, Inc.
NR 21
TC 0
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 3
PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US
PI BETHESDA
PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0026-4075
J9 MIL MED
JI Milit. Med.
PD JUN
PY 2011
VL 176
IS 6
BP 656
EP 659
PG 4
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 792XN
UT WOS:000292783800014
PM 21702383
ER

PT J
AU Weiglein, L
   Herrick, J
   Kirk, S
   Kirk, EP
AF Weiglein, Laura
   Herrick, Jeffery
   Kirk, Stacie
   Kirk, Erik P.
TI The 1-Mile Walk Test is a Valid Predictor of VO2max and is a Reliable
   Alternative Fitness Test to the 1.5-Mile Run in US Air Force Males
SO MILITARY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID MEN; AGE
AB The purpose of this study was to assess the validity of the 1-mile walk (Rockport Walk Test) as a predictor of VO2max and determine whether the 1-mile walk is a reliable alternative to the 1.5-mile run in moderately fit to highly fit U.S. Air Force males. Twenty-four (33.0 +/- 1.5 years) males completed a maximal treadmill VO2max (50.3 +/- 1.4 mL/kg/min), 1-mile walk, and 1.5-mile run. For the 1-mile walk, there were no significant differences between measured and predicted VO2max (p = 0.177, r = 0.817). There were no significant differences (p = 0.573) between points scored in the Air-Force Fitness Test for the 1-mile walk and 1.5-mile run tests. In conclusion, the 1-mile walk test is a valid predictor of VO2max and can be used as an alternative fitness test to the 1.5-mile run in assessing cardiovascular fitness in Air Force males.
C1 [Weiglein, Laura; Herrick, Jeffery; Kirk, Erik P.] So Illinois Univ, Dept Kinesiol & Hlth Educ, Edwardsville, IL 62026 USA.
   [Weiglein, Laura] 375th Med Grp, Scott AFB, IL 62225 USA.
   [Kirk, Stacie] So Illinois Univ, Dept Special Educ & Commun Disorders, Edwardsville, IL 62026 USA.
RP Weiglein, L (reprint author), So Illinois Univ, Dept Kinesiol & Hlth Educ, Edwardsville, IL 62026 USA.
OI Herrick, Jeffrey/0000-0002-6466-0679
FU Southern Illinois University Edwardsville; Lt Col Alice Chapman; Scott
   AFB Health and Wellness Center; 375th Medical Group
FX We thank the participants who volunteered their time and effort for this
   study. Additionally, we thank Austin Rabbitt and the staff of the
   Exercise Physiology Lab for their time and expertise. Finally, we thank
   Lt Col Alice Chapman, the Scott AFB Health and Wellness Center, and the
   375th Medical Group for assistance and support. This project was
   supported by an internal grant at Southern Illinois University
   Edwardsville as part of the Research Grants for Graduate Students
   Program.
NR 15
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 18
PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US
PI BETHESDA
PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0026-4075
J9 MIL MED
JI Milit. Med.
PD JUN
PY 2011
VL 176
IS 6
BP 669
EP 673
PG 5
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 792XN
UT WOS:000292783800017
PM 21702386
ER

PT J
AU Scott, RC
   Leedy, KD
   Bayraktaroglu, B
   Look, DC
   Zhang, YH
AF Scott, Robin C.
   Leedy, Kevin D.
   Bayraktaroglu, Burhan
   Look, David C.
   Zhang, Yong-Hang
TI Effects of Ar vs. O-2 ambient on pulsed-laser-deposited Ga-doped ZnO
SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH
LA English
DT Article
DE Pulsed laser deposition; Transparent conductive oxide
ID THIN-FILMS; SUBSTRATE-TEMPERATURE; ELECTRICAL-PROPERTIES;
   OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; AL; TRANSPARENT; DEFECTS
AB Ga-doped ZnO films were deposited by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) at 200 degrees C and 10 mTorr in either pure argon (Ar films) or in oxygen (O-2 films). The bulk resistivity of the Ar films is <2 x 10(-4) Omega cm at 300 K, two orders of magnitude lower than that of the O-2 films. In the Ar films, the donor concentration N-D as determined by a detailed Hall-effect analysis is close to 100% of the total Ga concentration [Gal measured by secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS), while in the O-2 films ND is less than 50% of [Gal. Furthermore, the compensation ratio K=N-A/N-D is >90% for the O-2 films and <60% for the Ar films. Yet, when the oxygen pressure is reduced to 0.2 mTorr, the O-2 films have resistivities of about 5 x 10(-4) Omega cm, approaching those of the Ar films. These results suggest that oxygen-rich environments produce Ga/O complexes that reduce the dopant activation efficiency and thus decrease ND and increase K. Some of these complexes may also contribute to the increase in deep centers observed in photoluminescence. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Scott, Robin C.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Mech Aerosp Chem & Mat Engn, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
   [Zhang, Yong-Hang] Arizona State Univ, Sch Elect Comp & Energy Engn, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
   [Leedy, Kevin D.; Bayraktaroglu, Burhan] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Look, David C.] Wright State Univ, Semicond Res Ctr, Dayton, OH 45435 USA.
RP Scott, RC (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Sch Mech Aerosp Chem & Mat Engn, GWC 206 ECEE,650 E Tyler Mall, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
EM Robin.Scott@asu.edu
FU Science Foundation Arizona [SRG 0190-07, SRG 0339-08]; Air Force
   Research Laboratory/Space Vehicles Directorate [FA9453-08-2-0228]; AFOSR
   [FA9550-10-1-0129, FA9550-10-1-0079]; NSF [DMR0803276]
FX Most of the experimental work was carried out at the Air Force Research
   Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Dayton, OH. The work of RCS and YHZ
   was partially supported by Science Foundation Arizona, Contracts SRG
   0190-07 and SRG 0339-08, and by the Air Force Research Laboratory/Space
   Vehicles Directorate, Contract FA9453-08-2-0228 and AFOSR Grant
   FA9550-10-1-0129. The work of DCL was partially supported by AFOSR Grant
   FA9550-10-1-0079 (K. Reinhardt) and NSF Grant DMR0803276 (L. Hess). The
   authors thank T.A. Cooper and W. Rice for the Hall-effect and PL
   measurements, respectively. We also thank Vijay D'Costa for
   spectroscopic ellispometer measurements and modeling. We acknowledge the
   use of facilities at the LeRoy Eyring Center for Solid State Science,
   Arizona State University.
NR 28
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 14
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-0248
J9 J CRYST GROWTH
JI J. Cryst. Growth
PD JUN 1
PY 2011
VL 324
IS 1
BP 110
EP 114
DI 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2011.03.002
PG 5
WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics
GA 787FS
UT WOS:000292362600018
ER

PT J
AU Sotnikov, VI
   Mudaliar, S
   Genoni, TC
   Rose, DV
   Oliver, BV
   Mehlhorn, TA
AF Sotnikov, V. I.
   Mudaliar, S.
   Genoni, T. C.
   Rose, D. V.
   Oliver, B. V.
   Mehlhorn, T. A.
TI Shear flow instability in a partially-ionized plasma sheath around a
   fast-moving vehicle
SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
LA English
DT Article
ID REENTRY
AB The stability of ion acoustic waves in a sheared-flow, partially-ionized compressible plasma sheath around a fast-moving vehicle in the upper atmosphere, is described and evaluated for different flow profiles. In a compressible plasma with shear flow, instability occurs for any velocity profile, not just for profiles with an inflection point. A second-order differential equation for the electrostatic potential of excited ion acoustic waves in the presence of electron and ion collisions with neutrals is derived and solved numerically using a shooting method with boundary conditions appropriate for a finite thickness sheath in contact with the vehicle. We consider three different velocity flow profiles and find that in all cases that neutral collisions can completely suppress the instability. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3596534]
C1 [Sotnikov, V. I.; Mudaliar, S.] USAF, Sensors Directorate, Res Lab, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
   [Genoni, T. C.; Rose, D. V.] Voss Sci LLC, Albuquerque, NM 87108 USA.
   [Oliver, B. V.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
   [Mehlhorn, T. A.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Sotnikov, VI (reprint author), USAF, Sensors Directorate, Res Lab, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
FU Sensors Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory; Air Force Office of
   Scientific Research
FX This work was supported by the Sensors Directorate, Air Force Research
   Laboratory and by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research. The
   authors are also thankful to Leonid Rudakov and Michael Keidar for
   useful discussions.
NR 14
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 8
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
   MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 1070-664X
J9 PHYS PLASMAS
JI Phys. Plasmas
PD JUN
PY 2011
VL 18
IS 6
AR 062104
DI 10.1063/1.3596534
PG 8
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA 786UN
UT WOS:000292333500005
ER

PT J
AU Ravi, VA
   Rogers, S
   Malek, M
   Surmenian, D
   Priddy, I
   Harrison, B
   Schissler, A
   Divi, SC
   Tamirisakandala, S
   Miracle, D
AF Ravi, Vilupanur A.
   Rogers, Shaun
   Malek, Mehnaz
   Surmenian, Daniel
   Priddy, Isaac
   Harrison, Bradley
   Schissler, Andrew
   Divi, Suresh C.
   Tamirisakandala, Sesh
   Miracle, Daniel
TI The environmental stability of boron-containing titanium alloys for
   biomedical applications
SO JOM
LA English
DT Article
ID BEHAVIOR; COMPOSITES; TI-6AL-4V; CORROSION
AB Musculoskeletal and craniofacial implants, and their interactions with the human body, are a very important area of medicine today. Aging populations and rapidly escalating health care costs make the study of implant-body interactions increasingly urgent. One of the major impediments to long-term durability of implant materials is the issue of aseptic loosening, i.e., inflammatory response against the prosthetic metal and metal debris produced by its corrosion. In this research summary, we discuss the corrosion behavior of a new class of boron-containing titanium alloys in physiologically relevant media. In addition, the suitability of these alloys from a mechanical perspective will also be discussed along with implications for alloy design.
C1 [Ravi, Vilupanur A.; Rogers, Shaun; Malek, Mehnaz; Surmenian, Daniel; Priddy, Isaac; Harrison, Bradley; Schissler, Andrew] Calif State Polytech Univ Pomona, Dept Chem & Mat Engn, Pomona, CA 91768 USA.
   [Divi, Suresh C.] Titanium Met Corp TIMET, Henderson, NV 89015 USA.
   [Tamirisakandala, Sesh] FMW Composite Syst Inc, Bridgeport, WV 26330 USA.
   [Miracle, Daniel] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Ravi, VA (reprint author), Calif State Polytech Univ Pomona, Dept Chem & Mat Engn, 3801 W Temple Ave, Pomona, CA 91768 USA.
EM vravi@csupomona.edu
FU Los Angeles Section of NACE International, Western States Corrosion
   Seminar, NACE International - Western Area; NACE Foundation; Ms. Sylvia
   Hall
FX We would like to thank the Los Angeles Section of NACE International,
   Western States Corrosion Seminar, NACE International - Western Area and
   the NACE Foundation and Ms. Sylvia Hall for financial support; Schiff
   Associates (Eduardo Hernandez and Leo Solis) for optical microscopy
   support; Mr. Paul DeGeorge of Marine Reef International, Inc for SEM
   support, and Dr. Burak Ulgut (Gamry) and Ms. Courtney Neel (formerly
   with Ametek) for potentiostat support.
NR 16
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 7
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1047-4838
EI 1543-1851
J9 JOM-US
JI JOM
PD JUN
PY 2011
VL 63
IS 6
BP 42
EP 47
DI 10.1007/s11837-011-0091-5
PG 6
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
   Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy;
   Mining & Mineral Processing
GA 777JD
UT WOS:000291610800009
ER

PT J
AU Aldrin, JC
   Blodgett, MP
   Lindgren, EA
   Steffes, GJ
   Knopp, JS
AF Aldrin, John C.
   Blodgett, Mark P.
   Lindgren, Eric A.
   Steffes, Gary J.
   Knopp, Jeremy S.
TI Scattering of obliquely incident shear waves from a cylindrical cavity
SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID CIRCUMFERENTIAL CREEPING WAVES; SOLID ELASTIC MEDIUM; ULTRASONIC
   TECHNIQUE; CIRCULAR ANNULUS; ACOUSTIC-WAVE; SURFACE-WAVES;
   RAYLEIGH-WAVE; PLANE-WAVE; CYLINDER; RESONANCES
AB Prior work has proposed the use of ultrasonic angle-beam shear wave techniques to detect cracks of varying angular location around fastener sites by generating and detecting creeping waves. To better understand the nature of the scattering problem and quantify the role of creeping waves in fastener site inspections, a 3D analytical model was developed for the propagation and scattering of an obliquely incident plane shear wave from a cylindrical cavity with arbitrary shear wave polarization. The generation and decay of the spiral creeping waves was found to be dependent on both the angle of incidence and polarization of the plane shear wave. A difference between the angle of displacement in 3D and the direction of propagation for the spiral creeping wave was observed and attributed to differences in the curvature of the cavity surface for the tangential and vertical (z) directions. Using the model, practical insight was presented on measuring the displacement response in the far-field from the hole. Both analytical and experimental results highlighted the value of the diffracted and leaky spiral creeping wave signals for nondestructive evaluation of a crack located on the cavity. Last, array and signal processing methods are discussed to improve the resolution of the weaker creeping wave signals in the presence of noise. (C) 2011 Acoustical Society of America. [DOI: 10.1121/1.3583540]
C1 [Aldrin, John C.] Computat Tools, Gurnee, IL 60031 USA.
   [Blodgett, Mark P.; Lindgren, Eric A.; Steffes, Gary J.; Knopp, Jeremy S.] USAF, Res Lab, AFRL RXLP, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Aldrin, JC (reprint author), Computat Tools, 4275 Chatham Ave, Gurnee, IL 60031 USA.
EM aldrin@computationaltools.com
FU Air Force Research Laboratory-NDE Branch; Air Force Office of Scientific
   Research
FX Support was provided by the Air Force Research Laboratory-NDE Branch and
   the Air Force Office of Scientific Research. David Judd of Mistras
   Services (formally integrated Technologies, Inc.) and Bart Drennen of
   WesDyne International provided support for the acquisition of the
   experimental data.
NR 50
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 10
PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 0001-4966
J9 J ACOUST SOC AM
JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am.
PD JUN
PY 2011
VL 129
IS 6
BP 3661
EP 3675
DI 10.1121/1.3583540
PG 15
WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
GA 778SW
UT WOS:000291727000037
PM 21682391
ER

PT J
AU Ball, DW
AF Ball, David W.
TI The Baseline Maxwell's Equations, Part II
SO SPECTROSCOPY
LA English
DT Article
AB This is the second part of a multipart series on Maxwell's equations of electromagnetism. The ultimate goal is a definitive explanation of these four equations; readers will be left to judge how definitive it is. Please note that figures are being numbered sequentially throughout this series, which is why the first figure in this column is Figure 7. Another note: This is going to get a bit mathematical. It can't be helped: models of the physical universe, like Newton's second law F = ma, are based in math. So are Maxwell's equations.
C1 [Ball, David W.] Cleveland State Univ, Cleveland, OH 44115 USA.
RP Ball, DW (reprint author), US Air Force Acad, Colorado Springs, CO USA.
EM d.ball@csuohio.edu
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 2
PU ADVANSTAR COMMUNICATIONS INC
PI WOODLAND HILLS
PA 6200 CANOGA AVE, 2ND FLR, WOODLAND HILLS, CA 91367 USA
SN 0887-6703
J9 SPECTROSCOPY-US
JI Spectroscopy
PD JUN
PY 2011
VL 26
IS 6
BP 14
EP +
PG 6
WC Spectroscopy
SC Spectroscopy
GA 780CO
UT WOS:000291832300001
ER

PT J
AU Lucey, BP
   Noetzel, MJ
   Duntley, SP
AF Lucey, Brendan P.
   Noetzel, Michael J.
   Duntley, Stephen P.
TI Paroxysmal arousals and myoclonic movements associated with interictal
   epileptiform discharges in NREM and REM sleep
SO CLINICAL NEUROLOGY AND NEUROSURGERY
LA English
DT Article
DE REM sleep; Myoclonus; Epileptic discharges
ID PERICENTRIC-INVERSION; EPILEPSY
C1 [Lucey, Brendan P.] Michael OCallaghan Fed Hosp, Dept Neurol, Nellis AFB, NV 89191 USA.
   [Noetzel, Michael J.] St Louis Childrens Hosp, Div Pediat & Dev Neurol, St Louis, MO 63110 USA.
   [Duntley, Stephen P.] Washington Univ Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, St Louis, MO 63110 USA.
RP Lucey, BP (reprint author), Michael OCallaghan Fed Hosp, Dept Neurol, 4700 N Las Vegas Blvd, Nellis AFB, NV 89191 USA.
EM brendanlucey@hotmail.com; noetzelm@neuro.wustl.edu;
   duntleys@neuro.wustl.edu
OI Lucey, Brendan/0000-0001-5400-825X
NR 9
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0303-8467
J9 CLIN NEUROL NEUROSUR
JI Clin. Neurol. Neurosurg.
PD JUN
PY 2011
VL 113
IS 5
BP 419
EP 422
DI 10.1016/j.clineuro.2010.12.018
PG 4
WC Clinical Neurology; Surgery
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Surgery
GA 775HG
UT WOS:000291449000015
PM 21334137
ER

PT J
AU Vargas, JM
   Bogozi, A
   Noel, J
   Hijazi, Y
   Vlasov, YA
   Larkins, GL
AF Vargas, Jorge M.
   Bogozi, Albert
   Noel, Julien
   Hijazi, Yazan
   Vlasov, Yuriy A.
   Larkins, Grover L., Jr.
TI Reliability of Suspended Bridges on Superconducting Microstrip Filters
   Using MEMS Switches
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
LA English
DT Article
DE Actuation voltage; MEMS switch; microstrip hairpin filter; stiction;
   superconductor; Young's elastic modulus
AB This work proposes to use capacitive micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) switches built on a superconducting microstrip hairpin filter to investigate the reliability of MEMS for long term survivability. This device is made of a YBa(2)Cu(3)O(7) thin film deposited on a 20 mm x 20 mm LaAlO(3) substrate by pulsed laser deposition and BaTiO(3) by RF magnetron sputtering, which is utilized as a dielectric insulation layer at the switching points of contact. The major concern for capacitive MEMS switches is stiction between the gold suspended bridge membrane (top layer) and the dielectric material (bottom layer). The main failure mode results from charge build-up at the bottom layer which in turn depends on the actuation voltage. The actuation voltage measured at room and cryogenic temperature is used to derive and calculate the Young's modulus formula which takes into consideration the device geometry, residual stress and mechanical properties of the device. Modified Young's modulus equation will be validated through reliability data of membrane actuation and failure mode. This equation will in turn be used in modeling other RF MEMS devices operating at cryogenic temperatures.
C1 [Vargas, Jorge M.; Hijazi, Yazan] Univ Turabo, Gurabo, PR 00778 USA.
   [Bogozi, Albert] AF Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Noel, Julien] Univ Nacl Ingn UNI, Lima, Peru.
   [Vlasov, Yuriy A.; Larkins, Grover L., Jr.] Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33174 USA.
RP Vargas, JM (reprint author), Univ Turabo, Gurabo, PR 00778 USA.
EM jvargas@suagm.edu
RI Noel, Julien/G-6092-2014
OI Noel, Julien/0000-0001-9284-9025
FU US Air Force Office of Scientific Research
FX This work was supported by the US Air Force Office of Scientific
   Research.
NR 17
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 12
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1051-8223
J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON
JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond.
PD JUN
PY 2011
VL 21
IS 3
BP 567
EP 570
DI 10.1109/TASC.2010.2092736
PN 1
PG 4
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Physics
GA 769XB
UT WOS:000291050500112
ER

PT J
AU Freris, NM
   Graham, SR
   Kumar, PR
AF Freris, Nikolaos M.
   Graham, Scott R.
   Kumar, P. R.
TI Fundamental Limits on Synchronizing Clocks Over Networks
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AUTOMATIC CONTROL
LA English
DT Article
DE Clock offsets; clock skews; clock synchronization; delays; networked
   control; scheduling; sensor networks
ID TIME
AB We characterize what is feasible concerning clock synchronization in wireline or wireless networks. We consider a network of nodes, equipped with affine clocks relative to a designated [1] clock that exchange packets subject to link delays. Determining all unknown parameters, i.e., skews and offsets of all the clocks as well as the delays of all the communication links, is impossible. All nodal skews, as well as all round-trip delays between every pair of nodes, can be determined correctly. Also, every transmitting node can predict precisely the time indicated by the receiver's clock at which it receives the packet. However, the vector of unknown link delays and clock offsets can only be determined up to an (n - 1)-dimensional subspace, with each degree of freedom corresponding to the offset of one of the (n - 1) clocks. Invoking causality, that packets cannot be received before they are transmitted, the uncertainty set can be reduced to a polyhedron. We also investigate structured models for link delays as the sum of a transmitter-dependent delay, a receiver-dependent delay, and a known propagation delay, and identify conditions which permit a unique solution, and conditions under which the number of the residual degrees of freedom is independent of the network size. For receiver-receiver synchronization, where only receipt times are available, but no time-stamping is done by the sender, all nodal skews can still be determined, but delay differences between neighboring communication links with a common sender can only be characterized up to an affine transformation of the (n - 1) unknown offsets. Moreover, causality does not help reduce the uncertainty set.
C1 [Freris, Nikolaos M.; Kumar, P. R.] Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
   [Freris, Nikolaos M.; Kumar, P. R.] Univ Illinois, Coordinated Sci Lab, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
   [Graham, Scott R.] USAF, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Freris, NM (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
EM nfreris2@illinois.edu; scott.graham@afit.edu; prkumar@illinois.edu
OI Graham, Scott/0000-0003-0193-1192
FU National Science Foundation [ECCS-0701604, CNS 05-19535, CCR-0325716];
   Oakridge under DOE [BATT 4000044522]; DARPA/AFOSR [F49620-02-1-0325];
   AFOSR [F49620-02-1-0217]
FX This work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation under
   Contracts ECCS-0701604, CNS 05-19535, and CCR-0325716, by Oakridge under
   DOE BATT 4000044522, by DARPA/AFOSR under Contract F49620-02-1-0325, and
   by AFOSR under Contract F49620-02-1-0217. Recommended by Associate
   Editor I. Paschalidis.
NR 18
TC 52
Z9 53
U1 1
U2 5
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-9286
EI 1558-2523
J9 IEEE T AUTOMAT CONTR
JI IEEE Trans. Autom. Control
PD JUN
PY 2011
VL 56
IS 6
BP 1352
EP 1364
DI 10.1109/TAC.2010.2089210
PG 13
WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering
GA 775BB
UT WOS:000291430200009
ER

PT J
AU Kleiser, GJ
   Chhabildas, LC
   Reinhart, WD
AF Kleiser, G. J.
   Chhabildas, L. C.
   Reinhart, W. D.
TI Comparison of dynamic compression behavior of single crystal sapphire to
   polycrystalline alumina
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium on Hypervelocity Impact
CY APR 11-15, 2010
CL Freiburg, GERMANY
DE Shock loading; Single crystals; Alumina; Sapphire; Dynamic strength
ID COORS AD995 ALUMINA; SHOCK COMPRESSION; STRENGTH; WAVE; CORUNDUM
AB Due to the considerable interest in the shock loading behavior of aluminum oxide whether it is in the polycrystalline phase or in the single crystal phase well-controlled experiments were conducted to probe differences in shock loading behavior between these two materials. Previous studies concluded that the behavior was similar but careful examination of well-controlled experiments has revealed the two materials are different.Although the experimental results appear to have the same behavior in the shock velocity vs. particle velocity plane, they are considerably different in the stress-volume compression plane and evidence is provided that indicates the single crystal remains crystalline up to the stresses imposed for this analysis. This is an extremely interesting observation since it has many implications including developing dynamic material models capable of transitioning between individual grains and polycrystalline material. (C) 2010 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Kleiser, G. J.; Chhabildas, L. C.] USAF, Res Lab, Eglin AFB, FL 32578 USA.
   [Reinhart, W. D.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Kleiser, GJ (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, 101W Eglin Blvd, Eglin AFB, FL 32578 USA.
EM geremy.kleiser@eglin.af.mil
NR 29
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 6
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0734-743X
J9 INT J IMPACT ENG
JI Int. J. Impact Eng.
PD JUN
PY 2011
VL 38
IS 6
SI SI
BP 473
EP 479
DI 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2010.10.018
PG 7
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics
SC Engineering; Mechanics
GA 773VB
UT WOS:000291338300011
ER

PT J
AU McGeary, D
   Moore, M
   Vriend, CA
   Peterson, AL
   Gatchel, RJ
AF McGeary, Don
   Moore, Mysti
   Vriend, Catherine A.
   Peterson, Alan L.
   Gatchel, Robert J.
TI The Evaluation and Treatment of Comorbid Pain and PTSD in a Military
   Setting: An Overview
SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY IN MEDICAL SETTINGS
LA English
DT Article
DE Comorbidity; Functional restoration; Pain; Post-traumatic stress
   disorder (PTSD); Disability
ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; OPERATION-IRAQI-FREEDOM;
   ENDURING-FREEDOM; SYMPTOMS; PREVALENCE; DISABILITY; CASUALTIES;
   PERSONNEL; INJURIES; TRAUMA
AB The present article reviews the growing prevalence of comorbid pain and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in the military. This has been caused by the ongoing military conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan, where new combat conditions/strategies are causing these comorbid conditions. Fortunately, comprehensive interdisciplinary treatment programs, originally developed for a civilian population and in academic settings, are being successfully "translated" or utilized in the military environment. Recent data demonstrating this translational clinical intervention are presented. Finally, challenges encountered when translating these interventions in a military environment are also discussed.
C1 [Moore, Mysti; Gatchel, Robert J.] Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Psychol, Coll Sci, Arlington, TX 76019 USA.
   [McGeary, Don] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Clin Hlth Psychol Serv, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA.
   [Vriend, Catherine A.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Behav Med, San Antonio, TX USA.
   [Peterson, Alan L.] UT Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Sch Med, San Antonio, TX USA.
RP Gatchel, RJ (reprint author), Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Psychol, Coll Sci, 313 Life Sci Bldg, Arlington, TX 76019 USA.
EM gatchel@uta.edu
NR 30
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 1
U2 6
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1068-9583
J9 J CLIN PSYCHOL MED S
JI J. Clin. Psychol. Med. Settings
PD JUN
PY 2011
VL 18
IS 2
BP 155
EP 163
DI 10.1007/s10880-011-9236-5
PG 9
WC Psychology, Clinical
SC Psychology
GA 775SQ
UT WOS:000291484100006
PM 21626356
ER

PT J
AU Buehler, MR
AF Buehler, M. R.
TI A proposed mechanism for autism: an aberrant neuroimmune response
   manifested as a psychiatric disorder
SO MEDICAL HYPOTHESES
LA English
DT Article
ID NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE; SPECTRUM DISORDERS;
   BRAIN-DAMAGE; TNF-ALPHA; SCHIZOPHRENIA; CYTOKINES; INTERLEUKIN-1;
   INFECTION; PREGNANCY
AB Autism, an incurable neurodevelopmental brain disorder, is a complex psychopathology in which the affected individual cannot effectively self-regulate their sensory inputs toward coherent and focused motor outputs. There have been many hypotheses as to the etiology of autism - genetics, neurotransmitter imbalances, early childhood immunizations, xenobiotic and teratogenic agents, and maternal infection; the disorder can perhaps be studied best under the field of "Psychoneuroimmunology", which analyzes systemic and psychopathologies from an integrated approach through the combined effects of the nervous, immune, and endocrine systems. Using principles of psychoneuroimmunology along with previously established but yet un-linked scientific principles and observations, this paper proposes a neuroimmune-based mechanistic hypothesis for the etiology of autism that connects elevated levels of maternal pro-inflammatory cytokines to autistic symptoms in her offspring through a logical sequence of events. While both researchers and clinicians often note correlations between pro-inflammatory cytokine levels and autistic symptoms in affected individuals, no specific mechanism has been documented that logically and directly connects the two. I propose that pro-inflammatory cytokines arising from maternal inflammation, infection, and, possibly, autoimmunity, pass through the placenta; enter the fetal circulation; cross the fetal blood-brain barrier (BBB); and cause aberrant neuronal growth and plasticity within the fetal brain via a "cytokine-storm". Microglia and astrocyte stimulation lead to a positive-feedback loop that also facilitates the development of a chronic inflammatory environment within the fetus, pre-disposing it to lifelong comorbid psychiatric and systemic pathologies. Such a mechanism could account for many of the observed symptoms and behaviors of autistic individuals such as hyper-sensitivity to environmental stimuli, object fixation, echolalia, repetitive physical behaviors, chronic enterocolitis, autoimmune disease, and, at the extreme, savantism. The thiazolidinedione pioglitazone (and possibly rosiglitazone), a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), which is commonly used to lower blood glucose levels and associated inflammatory markers in patients with diabetes, and histamine receptor blockers, as well as monitoring and limiting sucrose-containing foods, might prove to be effective preventative therapies for the development of autism in the fetus for pregnant women displaying either a cytokine-induced depression or other elevated systemic inflammatory state conditions. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 USAF Acad, HQ USAFA DFB, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
RP Buehler, MR (reprint author), USAF Acad, HQ USAFA DFB, 2355 Fac Dr,Suite 2P389, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
EM matthew.buehler@usafa.edu
FU United States Air Force; United States Air Force Academy
FX Thank you to the United States Air Force and the United States Air Force
   Academy for funding the advanced degree program under which this
   mechanism was developed. I would also like to thank my advisor, Dr.
   Kenneth Hunter, Sc.D., of the University of Nevada School of Medicine,
   who introduced me to the field of "psychoneuroimmunology" and felt that
   maternal inflammation could play a role in autism development within the
   fetus, with the outward sign potentially being a cytokine-induced
   depression in the mother based on the JHU IAN data included in this
   paper. He noticed the high rate of diagnosed depression in mothers who
   had children with autism in the JHU IAN study. In addition to Dr.
   Hunter's mentorship and insights, I sincerely appreciate the insights of
   the following faculty from various departments and schools at the
   University of Nevada, Reno and the United States Air Force Academy:
   Grant Mastick, Ph.D., Jeffrey Hutsler, Ph.D., Debra Vigil, Ph.D., Fiona
   Britton, Ph.D., Patricia Berninsone, Ph.D., and Mike Wilcox, Ph.D. All
   of their assistance was of great help in developing this mechanism.
NR 58
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U1 2
U2 22
PU CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE
PI EDINBURGH
PA JOURNAL PRODUCTION DEPT, ROBERT STEVENSON HOUSE, 1-3 BAXTERS PLACE,
   LEITH WALK, EDINBURGH EH1 3AF, MIDLOTHIAN, SCOTLAND
SN 0306-9877
J9 MED HYPOTHESES
JI Med. Hypotheses
PD JUN
PY 2011
VL 76
IS 6
BP 863
EP 870
DI 10.1016/j.mehy.2011.02.038
PG 8
WC Medicine, Research & Experimental
SC Research & Experimental Medicine
GA 776HE
UT WOS:000291524300023
PM 21421290
ER

PT J
AU Im, Y
   Jang, M
   Delcomyn, CA
   Henley, MV
   Hearn, JD
AF Im, Yunseok
   Jang, Myoseon
   Delcomyn, Carrie A.
   Henley, Michael V.
   Hearn, John D.
TI The effects of active chlorine on photooxidation of 2-methyl-2-butene
SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Active chlorine; 2-Methyl-2-butene; Explicit kinetic model; Ozone
   formation; Structure-Reactivity Relationship; Photooxidation
ID VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; GAS-PHASE REACTIONS; RELATIVE RATE
   CONSTANTS; ATMOSPHERIC CL ATOMS; CARBONYL-COMPOUNDS; 298 K; TROPOSPHERIC
   DEGRADATION; STRUCTURE-REACTIVITY; INITIATED OXIDATION;
   ALIPHATIC-ALCOHOLS
AB Active chlorine comprising hypochlorite (OCI(-)), hypochlorous acid (HOCI) and chlorine (Cl(2)) is the active constituent in bleach formulations for a variety of industrial and consumer applications. However, the strong oxidative reactivity of active chlorine can cause adverse effects on both human health and the environment. In this study, aerosolized Oxone (R) [2KHSO(5)center dot KHSO(4)center dot K(2)SO(4)] with saline solution has been utilized to produce active chlorine (HOCI and Cl(2)). To investigate the impact of active chlorine on volatile organic compound (VOC) oxidation, 2-methyl-2-butene (MB) was photoirradiated in the presence of active chlorine using a 2-m(3) Teflon film indoor chamber. The resulting carbonyl products produced from photooxidation of MB were derivatized with O-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzyl) hydroxyamine hydrochloride (PFBHA) and analyzed using gas chromatograph ion trap mass spectrometer (GC/ITMS). The photooxidation of MB in the presence of active chlorine was simulated with an explicit kinetic model using a chemical solver (Morpho) which included both Master Chemical Mechanism (MCM) and Cl radical reactions. The reaction rate constants of a Cl radical with MB and its oxidized products were estimated using a Structure Reactivity Relationship method. Under dark conditions no effect of active chlorine on MB oxidation was apparent, whereas under simulated daylight conditions (UV irradiation) rapid MB oxidation was observed due to photo-dissociation of active chlorine. The model simulation agrees with chamber data showing rapid production of oxygenated products that are characterized using GC/ITMS. Ozone formation was enhanced when MB was oxidized in the presence of irradiated active chlorine and NO(x). Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Im, Yunseok; Jang, Myoseon] Univ Florida, Dept Environm Engn Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
   [Delcomyn, Carrie A.; Hearn, John D.] Appl Res Associates Inc, Tyndall AFB, FL USA.
   [Henley, Michael V.] USAF, Res Lab, Airbase Technol Div, Tyndall AFB, FL USA.
RP Jang, M (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Environm Engn Sci, POB 116450, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
EM mjang@ufl.edu
FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency; Air Force Research Laboratory [080623:
   FA8650-08-1-5916]; National Science Foundation [ATM-0757443, ATM0852747]
FX This work was supported by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency and the
   Air Force Research Laboratory (Project: 080623: FA8650-08-1-5916) and
   the National Science Foundation (ATM-0757443 and ATM0852747).
NR 63
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 13
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0048-9697
J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON
JI Sci. Total Environ.
PD JUN 1
PY 2011
VL 409
IS 13
BP 2652
EP 2661
DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.03.038
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 773UN
UT WOS:000291336700023
PM 21524786
ER

PT J
AU Zherebtsov, S
   Murzinova, M
   Salishchev, A
   Sennatin, SL
AF Zherebtsov, S.
   Murzinova, M.
   Salishchev, A.
   Sennatin, S. L.
TI Spheroidization of the lamellar microstructure in Ti-6Al-4V alloy during
   warm deformation and annealing
SO ACTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Titanium alloy; Thermomechanical processing; Annealing; Microstructure
   formation; Spheroidization
ID COLONY-ALPHA MICROSTRUCTURE; TITANIUM-ALLOYS; FLOW BEHAVIOR;
   HOT-WORKING; STATIC GLOBULARIZATION; HEAT-TREATMENT; BETA-TITANIUM;
   MECHANISMS; EVOLUTION; BOUNDARY
AB The spheroidization behavior of an alpha colony microstructure in Ti-6Al-4V alloy during warm working and subsequent annealing at 600 and 800 degrees C was established. The principal features of microstructure evolution were found to be temperature dependent. At 800 degrees C transformation of the lamellar microstrucuture into a globular one was associated primarily with the classical boundary splitting mechanism followed by further spheroidization of alpha particles by means of termination migration. For thick alpha lamellae, however, new grains were formed due to continuous dynamic recrystallization during deformation, but spheroidization per se was limited. A decrease in temperature to 600 degrees C resulted in increased shear strains, lower diffusivity, and a decrease in the volume fraction of the beta phase. Consequently, the thin beta interlayers transformed relatively quickly into separate particles while alpha became the matrix phase. Evolution of the alpha phase during deformation/annealing at 600 degrees C was associated with continuous dynamic recrystallization with only limited dynamic or static spheroidization. Static spheroidization kinetics during annealing following warm working were explained in the context of approximate models of boundary splitting and termination migration. (C) 2011 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Zherebtsov, S.; Salishchev, A.] Belgorod State Univ, Lab Bulk Nanostruct Mat, Belgorod 308015, Russia.
   [Murzinova, M.] Inst Met Superplast Problems, Ufa 450001, Russia.
   [Sennatin, S. L.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AF Base,AFRL RXLM, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Zherebtsov, S (reprint author), Belgorod State Univ, Lab Bulk Nanostruct Mat, Pobeda 85, Belgorod 308015, Russia.
EM zherebtsov@bsu.edu.ru
RI Zherebtsov, Sergey/G-7435-2011; Salishchev, Gennady/G-4767-2016;
   SEMIATIN, SHELDON/E-7264-2017
OI Zherebtsov, Sergey/0000-0002-1663-429X; Salishchev,
   Gennady/0000-0002-0815-3525; 
FU Federal Agency for Education, Russia [P2486]
FX This work was supported by the Federal Agency for Education, Russia,
   Grant no. P2486.
NR 32
TC 73
Z9 75
U1 12
U2 62
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6454
EI 1873-2453
J9 ACTA MATER
JI Acta Mater.
PD JUN
PY 2011
VL 59
IS 10
BP 4138
EP 4150
DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2011.03.037
PG 13
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
   Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 770WR
UT WOS:000291119700034
ER

PT J
AU King, MD
   Guentzel, MN
   Arulanandam, BP
   Bodour, AA
   Brahmakshatriya, V
   Lupiani, B
   Chambers, JP
AF King, Marcus D.
   Guentzel, M. Neal
   Arulanandam, Bernard P.
   Bodour, Adria A.
   Brahmakshatriya, Vinayak
   Lupiani, Blanca
   Chambers, James P.
TI Effects of Bacterial Microflora of the Lower Digestive Tract of
   Free-Range Waterfowl on Influenza Virus Activation
SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID A INFLUENZA; PROTEOLYTIC BACTERIA; RESPIRATORY-TRACT; WILD BIRDS; DUCKS;
   HEMAGGLUTININ; SURVEILLANCE; PATHOGENICITY; REPLICATION; INFECTIONS
AB Proteolytic cleavage activation of influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA0) is required for cell entry via receptor-mediated endocytosis. Despite numerous studies describing bacterial protease-mediated influenza A viral activation in mammals, very little is known about the role of intestinal bacterial flora of birds in hemagglutinin cleavage/activation. Therefore, the cloaca of wild waterfowl was examined for (i) representative bacterial types and (ii) their ability to cleave in a "trypsin-like" manner the precursor viral hemagglutinin molecule (HA0). Using radiolabeled HA0, bacterial secretion-mediated trypsin-like conversion of HA0 to HA1 and HA2 peptide products was observed to various degrees in 42 of 44 bacterial isolates suggestive of influenza virus activation in the cloaca of wild waterfowl. However, treatment of uncleaved virus with all bacterial isolates gave rise to substantially reduced emergent virus progeny compared with what was expected. Examination of two isolates exhibiting pronounced trypsin-like conversion of HA0 to HA1 and HA2 peptide products and low infectivity revealed lipase activity to be present. Because influenza virus possesses a complex lipid envelope, the presence of lipid hydrolase activity could in part account for the observed less-than-expected level of viable progeny. A thorough characterization of respective isolate protease HA0 hydrolysis products as well as other resident activities (i. e., lipase) is ongoing such that the role of these respective contributors in virus activation/inactivation can be firmly established.
C1 [Guentzel, M. Neal; Arulanandam, Bernard P.; Chambers, James P.] Univ Texas San Antonio, Dept Biol, Coll Sci, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA.
   [King, Marcus D.] Univ Texas San Antonio, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Coll Engn, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA.
   [Bodour, Adria A.] USAF, Ctr Engn & Environm, Tech Div Restorat Branch TDV, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
   [Brahmakshatriya, Vinayak; Lupiani, Blanca] Texas A&M Univ, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, Dept Vet Pathobiol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
   [Lupiani, Blanca] Texas A&M Univ, Coll Agr & Life Sci, Dept Poultry Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
RP Chambers, JP (reprint author), Univ Texas San Antonio, Dept Biol, Coll Sci, BSE 3-220,1 UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA.
EM james.chambers@utsa.edu
RI Arulanandam, Bernard/O-9501-2014
FU United States Air Force Institute of Technology
FX Lieutenant Colonel King was the recipient of a predoctoral fellowship
   from the United States Air Force Institute of Technology.
NR 34
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0099-2240
J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB
JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
PD JUN
PY 2011
VL 77
IS 12
BP 4119
EP 4125
DI 10.1128/AEM.02578-10
PG 7
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
GA 773WI
UT WOS:000291341800025
PM 21531837
ER

PT J
AU Lu, YL
AF Lu, Yalin
TI Tunable transmission and enhanced emission in ordered metallic
   nanostructures having varying channel shape
SO APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING
LA English
DT Article
ID SUBWAVELENGTH HOLE ARRAYS; OPTICAL-TRANSMISSION; LIGHT TRANSMISSION;
   SPATIAL COHERENCE; THERMAL SOURCES; FILMS; DIFFRACTION; POLARITON;
   SURFACES
AB Extraordinary transmission spectra for one-dimensional (1D) gratings and two-dimensional (2D) metallic hole arrays change with the hole channel shape. In this paper, a converging-diverging channel (CDC) design was introduced. The transmission spectra corresponding to CDC-embedded nanostructures of 1D grating, circular and rectangular holes (2D hole arrays) are analyzed using three-dimensional (3D) finite-element method. Tuning of optical transmission by changing the CDC structure has been investigated. In addition, a cavity composed of a CDC metallic grating and a 1D photonic crystal (PhC) can lead to an enhanced emission. Large coherence length of the emission can be achieved by exploiting coherent properties of surface waves in grating and PhC.
C1 USAF Acad, Laser Opt Res Ctr, Dept Phys, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
RP Lu, YL (reprint author), USAF Acad, Laser Opt Res Ctr, Dept Phys, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
EM yalin.lu@usafa.edu
FU United States Air Force of Scientific Research (AFOSR); United States
   Air Force Research Laboratories (AFRL)
FX The authors acknowledge the support from the United States Air Force of
   Scientific Research (AFOSR) and United States Air Force Research
   Laboratories (AFRL).
NR 30
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 6
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0947-8396
J9 APPL PHYS A-MATER
JI Appl. Phys. A-Mater. Sci. Process.
PD JUN
PY 2011
VL 103
IS 3
BP 597
EP 605
DI 10.1007/s00339-010-6191-1
PG 9
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA 771MF
UT WOS:000291161700017
ER

PT J
AU Cimpoiasu, E
   Haugan, TJ
   Varanasi, CV
   Levin, GA
   Barnes, PN
AF Cimpoiasu, E.
   Haugan, T. J.
   Varanasi, C. V.
   Levin, G. A.
   Barnes, P. N.
TI Effect of Oxygen Depletion on the Pinning Properties of YBa2Cu3Ox Films
   With Nanoinclusions
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
LA English
DT Article
DE Nanoparticles; pinning; superconductor; vortex dynamics
ID THIN-FILMS; SUPERCONDUCTOR; NANOPARTICLES; DISPERSIONS
AB Applications of YBa2Cu3Ox (YBCO) coated conductors require strong vortex pinning to ensure a non-dissipative state over a large range of temperatures and magnetic field values. Incorporations of nanoparticles and nanorods have generally resulted in a substantial increase of pinning, but the actual mechanism producing this increase is not fully understood. This report addresses the origin of the enhanced pinning through comparative resistive measurements in the mixed state of thin films of YBCO, YBCO doped with Y2O3 nanoparticles, and YBCO doped with BaSnO3 nanorods. In order to study the effect of oxygen, all three kinds of samples have been annealed in air at 420 degrees C. We have extracted and compared the resistive irreversibility lines before and after annealing. Our results indicate that while the nanoinclusions in the fully-oxygenated samples improve the pinning strength over that in the pure YBCO sample, the pinning enhancement essentially vanishes upon oxygen depletion. This is true for both pinning structures, nanorods and nanoparticles.
C1 [Cimpoiasu, E.] USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21412 USA.
   [Haugan, T. J.; Levin, G. A.; Barnes, P. N.] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Varanasi, C. V.] USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
RP Cimpoiasu, E (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21412 USA.
EM cimpoias@usna.edu
FU AFOSR; AFRL Propulsion Directorate at AFRL; NARC at USNA
FX Manuscript received August 02, 2010; accepted October 18, 2010. Date of
   publication November 18, 2010; date of current version May 27, 2011.
   This work was partially supported by AFOSR and AFRL Propulsion
   Directorate at AFRL and NARC at USNA.
NR 18
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U1 1
U2 8
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1051-8223
J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON
JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond.
PD JUN
PY 2011
VL 21
IS 3
BP 3218
EP 3221
DI 10.1109/TASC.2010.2090120
PN 3
PG 4
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Physics
GA 770DW
UT WOS:000291068200174
ER

PT J
AU Lu, RT
   Christianson, C
   Dizon, J
   Wu, J
   Haugan, T
   Barnes, P
   Baca, FJ
AF Lu, Rongtao
   Christianson, Caleb
   Dizon, Jonathan
   Wu, Judy
   Haugan, Timothy
   Barnes, Paul
   Baca, F. Javier
TI Investigation of Dynamic Behaviors of Low-Level Dissipation at YBa2Cu3O7
   Grain Boundaries Using Low-Temperature Near-Field Scanning Microwave
   Microscopy
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
LA English
DT Article
DE Current density; grain boundary; high-temperature superconductors;
   microwave imaging
ID CRITICAL CURRENTS; CURRENT DENSITY; DEPENDENCE; FILMS
AB Near-field scanning microwave microscopy (NSMM) provides a unique nondestructive approach for detection of local dissipation with high sensitivity and high spatial resolution. With recently improved NSMM probes of spatial resolution of up to 400 nm (similar to 10(-6) wavelength), detection of dissipation was achieved on YBCO microbridges at currents more than three orders of magnitude below the J(c()T). In this work, we report characterization of the dynamic behavior of low-level dissipation at the grain boundary of YBa2Cu3O7-delta microbridges as function of time and applied electrical current. On higher-angle grain boundary, the dissipation develops rapidly with increasing current and shows approximately linear dependence on current. On lower-angle grain boundary, nonlinear features were observed and attributed to bi-modal pattern of dissipation evolution of nucleation of isolated hot spots and their evolution. Comparison with the similar NSMM + IV measurement made on the "bulk" part of the same YBa2Cu3O7-delta microbridges on a reduced temperature scale shows higher dissipation on the grain boundary can be mostly attributed to the lower T-c values on grain boundaries.
C1 [Lu, Rongtao; Christianson, Caleb; Dizon, Jonathan; Wu, Judy] Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
   [Haugan, Timothy; Barnes, Paul] USAF, Res Lab, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
   [Baca, F. Javier] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Lu, RT (reprint author), Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
EM rtlu@ku.edu; Timothy.Haugan@wpafb.af.mil; jbaba@LANL.gov
RI Christianson, Caleb/E-6296-2014
OI Christianson, Caleb/0000-0002-9560-3909
FU National Science Foundation [DMR-0803149, EPS-0903806]; State of Kansas
   through Kansas Technology Enterprise Corporation
FX This work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation under
   Award DMR-0803149 and EPS-0903806 and matching support from the State of
   Kansas through Kansas Technology Enterprise Corporation.
NR 14
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U1 0
U2 6
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1051-8223
J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON
JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond.
PD JUN
PY 2011
VL 21
IS 3
BP 3238
EP 3242
DI 10.1109/TASC.2010.2090030
PN 3
PG 5
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Physics
GA 770DW
UT WOS:000291068200179
ER

PT J
AU Wu, W
   Bostanci, H
   Chow, LC
   Ding, SJ
   Hong, Y
   Su, M
   Kizito, JP
   Gschwender, L
   Snyder, CE
AF Wu, W.
   Bostanci, H.
   Chow, L. C.
   Ding, S. J.
   Hong, Y.
   Su, M.
   Kizito, J. P.
   Gschwender, L.
   Snyder, C. E.
TI Jet impingement and spray cooling using slurry of nanoencapsulated phase
   change materials
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
LA English
DT Article
DE Polymer encapsulated paraffin nanoparticle; Jet impingement; Spray
   cooling
ID HEAT-TRANSFER; POLYMERIZATION; EMULSION
AB Polymer encapsulated nano phase change materials (paraffin) in particulate form (nano PCM) are added in water to enhance the heat transfer performance of jet impingement and spray cooling. The nano PCM particles absorb heat when paraffin changes from solid to liquid phase. The encapsulation prevents paraffin leakage and agglomeration. The volume fraction of nanoparticles plays an important role on pressure drop and heat transfer. Slurry with 28% particle volume fraction enhances heat transfer coefficient by 50% and 70% when compared to base solution for jet impingement and spray cooling, respectively. The structural integrity of shell encapsulation has been demonstrated by repeated use in a closed loop. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Wu, W.; Bostanci, H.; Chow, L. C.] Univ Cent Florida, Dept Mech Mat & Aerosp Engn, Orlando, FL 32816 USA.
   [Ding, S. J.; Hong, Y.; Su, M.] Univ Cent Florida, NanoSci Technol Ctr, Orlando, FL 32816 USA.
   [Kizito, J. P.] N Carolina Agr & Tech State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Greensboro, NC 27411 USA.
   [Gschwender, L.; Snyder, C. E.] USAF, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Chow, LC (reprint author), Univ Cent Florida, Dept Mech Mat & Aerosp Engn, Orlando, FL 32816 USA.
EM lchow@mail.ucf.edu
RI Ding, Shujiang/G-5025-2011; Su, Ming/F-4001-2014
OI Ding, Shujiang/0000-0002-5683-0973; 
FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [0828466]; Air Force Research
   Laboratory (AFRL) through Universal Technology Corporation
FX This work was supported by National Science Foundation (NSF) through
   Grant CBET No. 0828466 and Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) through
   Universal Technology Corporation. Material characterization was done at
   the Materials Characterization Facility at University of Central
   Florida. W. Wu, Si. Ding and Y. Hong have equal contribution to this
   work.
NR 18
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U1 3
U2 28
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0017-9310
J9 INT J HEAT MASS TRAN
JI Int. J. Heat Mass Transf.
PD JUN
PY 2011
VL 54
IS 13-14
BP 2715
EP 2723
DI 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2011.03.022
PG 9
WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics
SC Thermodynamics; Engineering; Mechanics
GA 772MJ
UT WOS:000291237700001
ER

PT J
AU Eyet, N
   Freel, K
   Heaven, MC
   Viggiano, AA
AF Eyet, Nicole
   Freel, Keith
   Heaven, Michael C.
   Viggiano, A. A.
TI Reactions of positive ions with ClN3 at 300 K
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Chlorine azide; Proton affinity; Ionization potential; Kinetics; Rate
   constants; Branching ratios
ID CHLORINE AZIDE; TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCES; NEGATIVE-IONS; ENERGY;
   DISSOCIATION; NM; O-2(A(1)DELTA(G)); CYCLIC-N-3; DYNAMICS; KINETICS
AB The kinetics of eighteen positive ions with chlorine azide (ClN3) have been studied using a selected ion flow tube (SIFT). These measurements allowed for the estimation of both the ionization energy, >930 kJ mol(-1) (>9.6 eV), and the proton affinity, 713 +/- 41 kJ mol(-1), of chlorine azide. Reaction rate constants have been determined. Product ions have been identified, and quantified when synthetic complications allowed. In addition, general reaction trends have been observed. A reaction coordinate diagram for the novel reaction of N+ with ClN3 is discussed. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Eyet, Nicole; Freel, Keith; Viggiano, A. A.] USAF, Space Vehicles Directorate, Res Lab, Hanscom Air Force Base, Bedford, MA 01731 USA.
   [Eyet, Nicole] St Anselm Coll, Dept Chem, Manchester, NH 03102 USA.
   [Freel, Keith; Heaven, Michael C.] Emory Univ, Dept Chem, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
   [Eyet, Nicole] Boston Coll, Inst Sci Res, Chestnut Hill, MA 02167 USA.
RP Viggiano, AA (reprint author), USAF, Space Vehicles Directorate, Res Lab, Hanscom Air Force Base, 29 Randolph Rd, Bedford, MA 01731 USA.
EM afrl.rvb.pa@hanscom.af.mil
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research; National Research Council; 
   [FA8718-04-C-0055]
FX We are grateful for the support of the Air Force Office of Scientific
   Research for this work. K.F. acknowledges support from the National
   Research Council Fellowship Program. N.E. is under contract
   (FA8718-04-C-0055) to the Institute for Scientific Research of Boston
   College. We thank Raymond Bemish for helpful discussions concerning
   electronic structure calculations.
NR 27
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U1 0
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1387-3806
J9 INT J MASS SPECTROM
JI Int. J. Mass Spectrom.
PD JUN 1
PY 2011
VL 303
IS 2-3
BP 220
EP 224
DI 10.1016/j.ijms.2011.02.004
PG 5
WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy
SC Physics; Spectroscopy
GA 771WL
UT WOS:000291191300020
ER

PT J
AU Parker, M
   Bray, JM
   Pfluke, JM
   Asbun, HJ
   Smith, CD
   Bowers, SP
AF Parker, Michael
   Bray, Jillian M.
   Pfluke, Jason M.
   Asbun, Horacio J.
   Smith, C. Daniel
   Bowers, Steven P.
TI Preliminary Experience and Development of an Algorithm for the Optimal
   Use of the Laparoscopic Component Separation Technique for Myofascial
   Advancement During Ventral Incisional Hernia Repair
SO JOURNAL OF LAPAROENDOSCOPIC & ADVANCED SURGICAL TECHNIQUES
LA English
DT Article
ID HERNIORRHAPHY
AB Background: Component separation technique (CST) enables rectus abdominus medialization, but may cause wound complications. Few published outcomes exist involving laparoscopic CST. Our aim was to examine feasibility and outcomes involving open and laparoscopic (lap) CST during ventral incisional hernia repair (VIHR) and present an algorithm for ventral herniorrhaphy.
   Study Design: Our design was a retrospective cohort study. Over 22 months, 28 patients underwent one of the following: (i) unilateral (U-) lap CST with open VIHR [n = 5], (ii) bilateral (B-) lap CST with open VIHR [n = 7], (iii) B-lap CST with lap VIHR [n = 8], or (iv) B-open CST with open VIHR [n = 8]. Indications for open VIHR included mesh removal, concomitant visceral procedure, wound revision, thin/ulcerated skin, abdominal wall tumor, frozen abdomen, and/or off-midline hernia. During open VIHR, CST was performed in the Ramirez fashion. Lap CST was performed before intraperitoneal access in lap VIHR and after retrorectus dissection in open VIHR. Patient surveillance consisted of clinical encounters and telephone interviews.
   Results: Groups were similar regarding age, body mass index, American Society of Anesthesiologists classification, hernia width, operative time, and hospital stay. Six of the 20 patients who underwent open VIHR developed wound complications, and two required early reoperation. Four of the six with concomitant visceral procedures had wound complications. No laparoscopic VIHR patients had a wound complication. Based on 11 months' follow-up, one open VIHR patient has concern for recurrence.
   Conclusions: Laparoscopic CST is feasible during open and laparoscopic VIHR, but it appears most beneficial for wound healing after laparoscopic VIHR. During open VIHR, laparoscopic CST may not substantially reduce wound complications.
C1 [Parker, Michael; Bray, Jillian M.; Asbun, Horacio J.; Smith, C. Daniel; Bowers, Steven P.] Mayo Clin Florida, Dept Surg, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA.
   [Pfluke, Jason M.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Gen & Bariatr Surg, San Antonio, TX USA.
RP Bowers, SP (reprint author), Mayo Clin Florida, Dept Surg, 4500 San Pablo Rd, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA.
EM bowers.steven@mayo.edu
NR 22
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 1
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC
PI NEW ROCHELLE
PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA
SN 1092-6429
EI 1557-9034
J9 J LAPAROENDOSC ADV S
JI J. Laparoendosc. Adv. Surg. Tech.
PD JUN
PY 2011
VL 21
IS 5
BP 405
EP 410
DI 10.1089/lap.2010.0490
PG 6
WC Surgery
SC Surgery
GA 774JY
UT WOS:000291382700005
PM 21524200
ER

PT J
AU Boakye, EE
   Mogilevsky, P
   Hay, RS
   Cinibulky, MK
AF Boakye, Emmanuel E.
   Mogilevsky, Pavel
   Hay, Randall S.
   Cinibulky, Michael K.
TI Rare-Earth Disilicates As Oxidation-Resistant Fiber Coatings for Silicon
   Carbide Ceramic-Matrix Composites
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID LOW-TEMPERATURE SYNTHESIS; YTTRIUM DISILICATE; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES;
   MONAZITE COATINGS; SOLID-SOLUTIONS; GEL METHOD; GAMMA-Y2SI2O7;
   STABILITY; POWDER; POLYMORPHISM
AB Current SiC-based ceramic-matrix composites (SiC-SiC CMCs) rely on carbon or boron nitride fiber-matrix interphases for toughness and flaw tolerance. However, oxidation of these interphases can be performance limiting in many CMC applications. The gamma-polymorph of the rare-earth disilicates (RE2Si2O7) is a potential oxidation-resistant alternative to carbon or BN. The formation of gamma-Y2Si2O7 and gamma-Ho2Si2O7 at different temperatures and processing environments was investigated. Silica-yttrium hydroxide and silica-holmium hydroxide dispersions were made and heat treated at 1200 degrees-1400 degrees C for 8 h in air and argon. LiNO3 was added to the dispersions to enhance the formation of gamma-Y2Si2O7 and gamma-Ho2Si2O7. The effects of excess silica and LiNO3 dopant on the formation of gamma-Y2Si2O7 were investigated. Coatings of Y2Si2O7 and Ho2Si2O7 were made on alpha-SiC plate and SCS-0 SiC fiber using these dispersions. These were heat treated in argon and argon-500 ppm oxygen mixtures at 1400 degrees C/8 h. For coatings heat treated in argon-500 ppm oxygen mixtures, X-ray diffraction showed the formation of single phase gamma-Ho2Si2O7 and a mixture of gamma and beta-Y2Si2O7 at 1400 degrees C. Scanning electron microscopic image analysis gave an estimate of 18 vol% of excess silica for gamma-Y2Si2O7 formed with high Si:Y ratio and similar to 5 vol% excess silica for material formed with lower Si:Y ratio. Transmission electron microscopy of samples directly beneath indentations showed both extensive dislocation slip and fracture.
C1 [Boakye, Emmanuel E.; Mogilevsky, Pavel] Universal Energy Syst Inc, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
   [Hay, Randall S.; Cinibulky, Michael K.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Boakye, EE (reprint author), Universal Energy Syst Inc, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
EM emmanuel.boakye@wpafb.af.mil
NR 46
TC 14
Z9 15
U1 3
U2 43
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0002-7820
EI 1551-2916
J9 J AM CERAM SOC
JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc.
PD JUN
PY 2011
VL 94
IS 6
BP 1716
EP 1724
DI 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2010.04306.x
PG 9
WC Materials Science, Ceramics
SC Materials Science
GA 774NN
UT WOS:000291393400018
ER

PT J
AU Wheeler, DJ
   Schmidt, JD
AF Wheeler, Daniel J.
   Schmidt, Jason D.
TI Coupling of Gaussian Schell-model beams into single-mode optical fibers
SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA A-OPTICS IMAGE SCIENCE AND
   VISION
LA English
DT Article
ID PARTIALLY COHERENT BEAMS; ATMOSPHERIC-TURBULENCE; LASER-COMMUNICATION;
   PLANE-WAVE; EFFICIENCY; PROPAGATION; SIMULATION; MEDIA
AB We develop analytic equations that describe the mean and normalized variance of the coupling efficiency of Gaussian Schell-model beams into single-mode optical fibers. Numerical methods and computer simulations are used to evaluate the accuracy of the various approximations used in this analysis, and, with some insight, empirical compensation is made for the identified shortcomings. The simulations make use of both speckled and nonspeckled beams by employing two different Monte Carlo methods to generate randomly drawn optical fields. While the analytic approximations break down in certain cases, the use of empirical compensation demonstrated accuracies of better than 5% for the mean coupling efficiency in all cases, and generally better than 40% for the coupling efficiency variance. By optimizing the compensation for particular beam characteristics, even higher accuracies can be achieved.
C1 [Wheeler, Daniel J.; Schmidt, Jason D.] USAF, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Schmidt, JD (reprint author), USAF, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Inst Technol, 2950 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM jason.schmidt@afit.edu
FU Physics and Electronics Directorate of the U.S. Air Force Office of
   Scientific Research (USAFOSR) [F1ATA08350J002]
FX This research is sponsored by the Physics and Electronics Directorate of
   the U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research (USAFOSR) under federal
   grant #F1ATA08350J002.
NR 41
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 8
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1084-7529
J9 J OPT SOC AM A
JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. A-Opt. Image Sci. Vis.
PD JUN
PY 2011
VL 28
IS 6
BP 1224
EP 1238
PG 15
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 773JS
UT WOS:000291303700031
PM 21643408
ER

PT J
AU Barrera, JE
AF Barrera, Jose E.
TI Sleep Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Dynamic Characteristics of the Airway
   During Sleep in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome
SO LARYNGOSCOPE
LA English
DT Article
DE Real time magnetic resonance imaging; obstructive sleep apnea; surgery;
   palate; hypopharynx
ID PHARYNGEAL VOLUME; HEALTHY-SUBJECTS; MRI; RELIABILITY; PRESSURE;
   SNORERS; DEVICE
AB Objectives/Hypothesis: To determine the dynamic characteristics of airway obstruction in subjects with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) syndrome.
   Study Design: A prospective cohort study of 20 OSA patients and 19 control subjects who underwent real-time magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evaluation between 2006 and 2008.
   Methods: The dynamics of the upper airway were visualized using real-time MRI (RTHawk system, Stanford, CA) during natural sleep. Respiratory and desaturation events were correlated to polysomnogram results, and anatomic site of obstruction was determined from the real-time MRI sequences. The relation between visually observed airway obstructions and autonomic system changes was quantified and reliability calculated (Cronbach alpha, Aabel 2009; Gigawiz, Ltd., Tulsa, OK). An automated analysis tool was developed to determine which respiratory event is associated with the longest duration and location of obstruction in the posterior airway space (Matlab 2009; Mathworks, Inc., Natick, MA).
   Results: Airway obstructions visualized on Sleep MRI during natural sleep included retropalatal, retroglossal, and combined obstruction. Respiratory events (mean rate of 31.9 per hour per subject) and desaturations (mean rate of 19.4 per hour per subject) temporally coincided with airway obstructive events. Intrarater reliability coefficients ranged from a low of 0.95 to a high of 1.0 for each rater. Inter-rater reliability coefficients ranged from a low of 0.85 to a high of 1.0.
   Conclusions: Sleep MRI is a novel and reliable approach to simultaneously evaluate airway obstructions and respiratory events in real time during natural sleep. Sleep MRI can define the dynamic characteristics of airway obstruction in both surgically naive and postsurgical OSA patients.
C1 [Barrera, Jose E.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Div Sleep Surg, Dept Otolaryngol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
   [Barrera, Jose E.] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Div Sleep Surg, Stanford, CA USA.
RP Barrera, JE (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Div Sleep Surg, Dept Otolaryngol, 2200 Bergquist Dr,Ste 1, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
EM jose.barrera@us.af.mil
NR 18
TC 16
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 4
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0023-852X
J9 LARYNGOSCOPE
JI Laryngoscope
PD JUN
PY 2011
VL 121
IS 6
BP 1327
EP 1335
DI 10.1002/lary.21810
PG 9
WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Otorhinolaryngology
SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Otorhinolaryngology
GA 772TP
UT WOS:000291259900033
PM 21557247
ER

PT J
AU Casazza, PG
   Fickus, M
   Mixon, DG
   Tremain, JC
AF Casazza, Peter G.
   Fickus, Matthew
   Mixon, Dustin G.
   Tremain, Janet C.
TI THE BOURGAIN-TZAFRIRI CONJECTURE AND CONCRETE CONSTRUCTIONS OF
   NON-PAVABLE PROJECTIONS
SO OPERATORS AND MATRICES
LA English
DT Article
DE Kadison-Singer Problem; Anderson Paving Problem; discrete Fourier
   Transform
ID KADISON-SINGER PROBLEM; MATHEMATICS
AB It is known that the Kadison-Singer Problem (KS) and the Paving Conjecture (PC) are equivalent to the Bourgain-Tzafriri Conjecture (BT). Also, it is known that (PC) fails for 2-paving projections with constant diagonal 1/2. But the proofs of this fact are existence proofs. We will use variations of the discrete Fourier Transform matrices to construct concrete examples of these projections and projections with constant diagonal 1/r which are not r-pavable in a very strong sense.
   In 1989, Bourgain and Tzafriri showed that the class of zero diagonal matrices with small entries (on the order of <= 1/log(1+epsilon) n, for an n-dimensional Hilbert space) are pavable. It has always been assumed that this result also holds for the BT-Conjecture-although no one formally checked it. We will show that this is not the case. We will show that if the BT-Conjecture is true for vectors with small coefficients (on the order of <= C/root n) then the BT-Conjecture is true and hence KS and PC are true.
C1 [Casazza, Peter G.; Tremain, Janet C.] Univ Missouri, Dept Math, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
   [Fickus, Matthew] USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Math & Stat, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Mixon, Dustin G.] Princeton Univ, Program Appl & Computat Math, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
RP Casazza, PG (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Math, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
EM casazzap@missouri.edu; Matthew.Fickus@afit.edu; dmixon@princeton.edu;
   j_tremain@mchsi.com
FU AFOSR [F1ATA00183G003, F1ATA09125G003]; NSF [1008183]; DTRA/NSF
   [1042701]
FX Casazza was supported by AFOSR F1ATA00183G003, NSF 1008183, DTRA/NSF
   1042701; Tremain was supported by DTRA/NSF 1042701;, Fickus was
   supported by AFOSR F1ATA09125G003, AFOSR F1ATA00183G003. The views
   expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not reflect
   the official policy or position of the United States Air Force,
   Department of Defense, or the U.S. Government. We would like to thank
   the referee for valuable comments which seriously improved the paper.
NR 10
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Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELEMENT
PI ZAGREB
PA R AUSTRIJE 11, 10000 ZAGREB, CROATIA
SN 1846-3886
J9 OPER MATRICES
JI Oper. Matrices
PD JUN
PY 2011
VL 5
IS 2
BP 351
EP 363
PG 13
WC Mathematics
SC Mathematics
GA 770TQ
UT WOS:000291111800013
ER

PT J
AU McKinley, RA
   McIntire, LK
   Funke, MA
AF McKinley, R. Andy
   McIntire, Lindsey K.
   Funke, Margaret A.
TI Operator Selection for Unmanned Aerial Systems: Comparing Video Game
   Players and Pilots
SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
DE video game player; cognitive skills; remotely piloted vehicle operator;
   personnel selection; pilot
ID EXPERIENCE; ATTENTION; MEMORY
AB MCKINLEY RA, MCINTIRE LK, FUNKE MA. Operator selection for unmanned aerial systems: comparing video game players and pilots. Aviat Space Environ Med 2011; 82:635-42.
   Introduction: Popular unmanned aerial system (UAS) platforms such as the MQ-1 Predator and MQ-9 Reaper have experienced accelerated operations tempos that have outpaced current operator training regimens, leading to a shortage of qualified UAS operators. To find a surrogate to replace pilots of manned aircraft as UAS operators, this study evaluated video game players (VGPs), pilots, and a control group on a set of UAS operation relevant cognitive tasks. Methods: There were 30 participants who volunteered for this study and were divided into 3 groups: experienced pilots (P), experienced VGPs, and a control group (C). Each was trained on eight cognitive performance tasks relevant to unmanned flight tasks. Results: The results indicated that pilots significantly outperform the VGP and control groups on multi-attribute cognitive tasks (Tank mean: VGP = 465 +/- 1.046 vs. P = 203 +/- 0.237 vs. C = 351 +/- 0.601). However, the VGPs outperformed pilots on cognitive tests related to visually acquiring, identifying, and tracking targets (final score: VGP = 594.28 +/- 8.708 vs. P = 563.33 +/- 8.787 vs. C = 568.21 +/- 8.224). Likewise, both VGPs and pilots performed similarly on the UAS landing task, but outperformed the control group (glide slope: VGP = 40.982 +/- 3.244 vs. P = 30.461 +/- 2.251 vs. C = 57.060 +/- 4.407). Conclusions: Cognitive skills learned in video game play may transfer to novel environments and improve performance in UAS tasks over individuals with no video game experience.
C1 [McKinley, R. Andy] 711th HPW RHPA, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA.
   [McIntire, Lindsey K.; Funke, Margaret A.] Infoscitex, Dayton, OH USA.
RP McIntire, LK (reprint author), 258 Lairwood Dr, Dayton, OH 45458 USA.
EM lindsey.mcintire@wpafb.af.mil
NR 21
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 13
PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA
SN 0095-6562
J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD
JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med.
PD JUN
PY 2011
VL 82
IS 6
BP 635
EP 642
DI 10.3357/ASEM.2958.2011
PG 8
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General &
   Internal; Sport Sciences
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal
   Medicine; Sport Sciences
GA 770EC
UT WOS:000291068800008
PM 21702315
ER

PT J
AU Reeder, MF
   Huffman, RE
   Branam, RD
   Lebay, KD
   Meents, SM
AF Reeder, Mark F.
   Huffman, Richard E.
   Branam, Richard D.
   Lebay, Kenneth D.
   Meents, Steven M.
TI Near-field development of gas-phase horizontal laminar jets with
   positive and negative buoyancy measured with filtered Rayleigh
   scattering
SO EXPERIMENTS IN FLUIDS
LA English
DT Article
ID TURBULENCE; VELOCITY
AB Near-field mixing characteristics of horizontally issuing jets, alternatively positively and negatively buoyant, are explored. The cross-sectional mass fraction of a buoyant horizontal jet consisting of helium flowing into ambient air is measured using a non-intrusive technique, filtered Rayleigh scattering, for Reynolds numbers ranging from 50 to 1,200, Froude numbers ranging as low as 0.71, and Schmidt numbers on the order of unity for all tests. Several corresponding experiments were carried out using carbon dioxide in place of helium in order to determine whether the direction of the buoyancy changes the characteristic shape of the jet cross-section. Consistent with the literature, mixing rates were consistently higher on the side of the jet where instability, due to density stratification, was present. At jet Froude numbers ranging between 1.5 and approximately 3, the jet cross-section takes a shape consistent with a single plume of fluid being ejected from the core in a vertical direction-upward for a jet with positive buoyancy and downward for a jet with negative buoyancy. Remarkably, for Froude numbers less than unity, the distortion of the jet is quite different in that two separate plumes emanate from each side of the jet while ejection from the center is suppressed. Both the positively and negatively buoyant jet cross-sections exhibited this trait, suggesting that the mechanism that determines the cross-sectional shape of the jet core is only mildly influenced by centripetal effects brought about by streamline curvature. The location of the jet centroid at varied streamwise locations was computed from the mass fraction data, yielding jet trajectory.
C1 [Reeder, Mark F.; Huffman, Richard E.; Branam, Richard D.; Lebay, Kenneth D.; Meents, Steven M.] USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, Dayton, OH USA.
RP Reeder, MF (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, Dayton, OH USA.
EM mark.reeder@afit.edu
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research; Propulsion Directorate of the
   Air Force Research Laboratory
FX This work was supported through a grant from the Air Force Office of
   Scientific Research (contract monitor: Dr. Julian Tishkoff, Program
   Manager for Combustion and Diagnostics). The authors are also grateful
   for the support of the Propulsion Directorate of the Air Force Research
   Laboratory, specifically Dr. Joseph Zelina and Dr. Cam Carter. We would
   also like to thank Dr. Jim Crafton of Innovative Scientific Solutions
   Incorporated for helpful suggestions in setting up the experiment. Views
   expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not reflect
   the official policy or position of the United States Air Force,
   Department of Defense, or the U.S. Government.
NR 22
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 9
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0723-4864
J9 EXP FLUIDS
JI Exp. Fluids
PD JUN
PY 2011
VL 50
IS 6
BP 1455
EP 1472
DI 10.1007/s00348-010-0999-5
PG 18
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics
SC Engineering; Mechanics
GA 769TX
UT WOS:000291042300001
ER

PT J
AU Fang, S
   Disotell, KJ
   Long, SR
   Gregory, JW
   Semmelmayer, FC
   Guyton, RW
AF Fang, Shuo
   Disotell, Kevin J.
   Long, Samuel R.
   Gregory, James W.
   Semmelmayer, Frank C.
   Guyton, Robert W.
TI Application of fast-responding pressure-sensitive paint to a
   hemispherical dome in unsteady transonic flow
SO EXPERIMENTS IN FLUIDS
LA English
DT Article
AB The current work focuses on the development and application of fast-responding polymer/ceramic pressure-sensitive paint (PSP) as an advanced surface pressure measurement technique for unsteady flow fields in large-scale wind tunnels. To demonstrate the unsteady PSP technique, the unsteady surface pressure distribution over a hemispherical dome placed in the United States Air Force Research Laboratory's Trisonic Gasdynamics Facility (TGF) was studied by phase-locking to the characteristic frequency in the flow caused by an unsteady separated shear layer shed from the dome. The wind tunnel was operated at stagnation pressures of 23.92 and 71.84 kPa, with the test section flow at Mach 0.6. Under the two operating conditions, the predominant shear layer frequency was measured to be 272 and 400 Hz, respectively. The quasi-periodic shear layer frequency enabled a phase-averaged method to be employed for capturing the unsteady shock motion on the hemisphere. Unsteady pressure data resulting from this technique are shown to correlate well with measurements acquired by conventional measurement techniques. Measurement uncertainty in the phase-averaging technique will be discussed. To address measurement uncertainties from temperature sensitivity and model movement, a new implementation of an AC-coupled data representation is offered.
C1 [Fang, Shuo; Disotell, Kevin J.; Long, Samuel R.; Gregory, James W.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Columbus, OH 43235 USA.
   [Semmelmayer, Frank C.; Guyton, Robert W.] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Gregory, JW (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, 2300 W Case Rd, Columbus, OH 43235 USA.
EM gregory.234@osu.edu
RI Gregory, James/A-2343-2015
OI Gregory, James/0000-0002-8589-8758
NR 23
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 11
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0723-4864
J9 EXP FLUIDS
JI Exp. Fluids
PD JUN
PY 2011
VL 50
IS 6
BP 1495
EP 1505
DI 10.1007/s00348-010-1010-1
PG 11
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics
SC Engineering; Mechanics
GA 769TX
UT WOS:000291042300003
ER

PT J
AU Swedean, SK
   Gonzales, MV
   Zickefoose, BA
   Bush, AC
   Davis, JM
   Elrod, DC
   Hsieh, DT
AF Swedean, S. K.
   Gonzales, M. V.
   Zickefoose, B. A.
   Bush, A. C.
   Davis, J. M.
   Elrod, D. C.
   Hsieh, D. T.
TI Prevalence of Recurrent Headaches in Military Children and Adolescents
   and the Impact of Parental Deployment on Headaches
SO HEADACHE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 53rd Annual Scientific Meeting on American-Headache-Society
CY JUN 02-05, 2011
CL Washington, DC
SP Amer Headache Soc
C1 [Swedean, S. K.; Gonzales, M. V.; Zickefoose, B. A.; Bush, A. C.; Davis, J. M.; Elrod, D. C.; Hsieh, D. T.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0017-8748
J9 HEADACHE
JI Headache
PD JUN
PY 2011
VL 51
SU 1
BP 42
EP 42
PG 1
WC Clinical Neurology
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 768WJ
UT WOS:000290969100100
ER

PT J
AU Sihn, S
   Roy, AK
AF Sihn, Sangwook
   Roy, Ajit K.
TI Micromechanical analysis for transverse thermal conductivity of
   composites
SO JOURNAL OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE thermal conductivity; composites; finite element analysis; random fiber
   distribution
ID FIBER-REINFORCED COMPOSITES; RESISTANCE
AB Micromechanical analyses were conducted for the prediction of transverse thermal conductivity of laminated composites. We reproduced and reinvestigated both analytic and numerical models with regular and randomly distributed fibers in matrix material. A parametric study was conducted for wide ranges of fiber volume fractions and fiber-to-matrix thermal conductivity ratios. The numerical solutions using finite element (FE) analysis were compared with various analytic solutions from simple and enhanced rule or mixtures and an effective inclusion method (EIM). It was found that the EIM yields a reasonably agreeable solution with the FE solution using a hexagonal-array of regular fiber distribution for wide ranges of fiber volume fraction and fiber-to-matrix thermal conductivity ratios, which makes the EIM a useful method in predicting various multiphysical transverse properties of composites. Comparison of the results from the regular- and random-fiber models indicates that the transverse thermal conductivity of composites can significantly be affected by the random fiber distributions, especially at high fiber volume fractions. A similar conclusion was made for the foams with random pore distribution. It was shown that the predictions with the random fiber distribution agree well with the experimental data.
C1 [Sihn, Sangwook] Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Multiscale Composites & Polymers Div, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
   [Sihn, Sangwook; Roy, Ajit K.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, AFRL RXBT, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Sihn, S (reprint author), Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Multiscale Composites & Polymers Div, 300 Coll Pk, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
EM sangwook@stanfordalumni.org
FU USAF [FA8650-05-D-5052]
FX This study was carried out under USAF contract no. FA8650-05-D-5052.
NR 14
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 5
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND
SN 0021-9983
J9 J COMPOS MATER
JI J. Compos Mater.
PD JUN
PY 2011
VL 45
IS 11
BP 1245
EP 1255
DI 10.1177/0021998310382311
PG 11
WC Materials Science, Composites
SC Materials Science
GA 768BE
UT WOS:000290905500009
ER

PT J
AU Anderson, PE
   Mahle, DA
   Doom, TE
   Reo, NV
   DelRaso, NJ
   Raymer, ML
AF Anderson, Paul E.
   Mahle, Deirdre A.
   Doom, Travis E.
   Reo, Nicholas V.
   DelRaso, Nicholas J.
   Raymer, Michael L.
TI Dynamic adaptive binning: an improved quantification technique for NMR
   spectroscopic data
SO METABOLOMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE NMR; Metabolomics; Binning; Quantification; Dynamic programming
ID MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; DATA SETS; BIOMARKER IDENTIFICATION;
   PRINCIPAL-COMPONENTS; WAVELET TRANSFORMS; METABOLOMICS DATA; PEAK
   ALIGNMENT; H-1-NMR; METABONOMICS; CLASSIFICATION
AB The interpretation of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experimental results for metabolomics studies requires intensive signal processing and multivariate data analysis techniques. A key step in this process is the quantification of spectral features, which is commonly accomplished by dividing an NMR spectrum into several hundred integral regions or bins. Binning attempts to minimize effects from variations in peak positions caused by sample pH, ionic strength, and composition, while reducing the dimensionality for multivariate statistical analyses. Herein we develop an improved novel spectral quantification technique, dynamic adaptive binning. With this technique, bin boundaries are determined by optimizing an objective function using a dynamic programming strategy. The objective function measures the quality of a bin configuration based on the number of peaks per bin. This technique shows a significant improvement over both traditional uniform binning and other adaptive binning techniques. This improvement is quantified via synthetic validation sets by analyzing an algorithm's ability to create bins that do not contain more than a single peak and that maximize the distance from peak to bin boundary. The validation sets are developed by characterizing the salient distributions in experimental NMR spectroscopic data. Further, dynamic adaptive binning is applied to a (1)H NMR-based experiment to monitor rat urinary metabolites to empirically demonstrate improved spectral quantification.
C1 [Anderson, Paul E.; Mahle, Deirdre A.; DelRaso, Nicholas J.] USAF, Res Lab, Biosci & Protect Div, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Anderson, Paul E.; Doom, Travis E.; Raymer, Michael L.] Wright State Univ, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Dayton, OH 45435 USA.
   [Mahle, Deirdre A.; Reo, Nicholas V.] Wright State Univ, Boonshoft Sch Med, Cox Inst, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Dayton, OH 45429 USA.
RP Anderson, PE (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Biosci & Protect Div, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM anderson.51@wright.edu
RI Raymer, Michael/G-3398-2013
OI Raymer, Michael/0000-0003-2649-0792
NR 48
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 1
U2 19
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1573-3882
J9 METABOLOMICS
JI Metabolomics
PD JUN
PY 2011
VL 7
IS 2
BP 179
EP 190
DI 10.1007/s11306-010-0242-7
PG 12
WC Endocrinology & Metabolism
SC Endocrinology & Metabolism
GA 766UW
UT WOS:000290813000002
ER

PT J
AU Mahle, DA
   Anderson, PE
   DelRaso, NJ
   Raymer, ML
   Neuforth, AE
   Reo, NV
AF Mahle, Deirdre A.
   Anderson, Paul E.
   DelRaso, Nicholas J.
   Raymer, Michael L.
   Neuforth, Andrew E.
   Reo, Nicholas V.
TI A generalized model for metabolomic analyses: application to dose and
   time dependent toxicity
SO METABOLOMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE NMR metabolomics; High dimension categorical data; Adaptive binning
ID PROTON NMR-SPECTRA; PATTERN-RECOGNITION; MAGNETIC-RESONANCE;
   INTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS; SYSTEMS BIOLOGY; PEAK ALIGNMENT; METABONOMICS;
   URINE; RAT; CLASSIFICATION
AB As metabolomic technology expands, validated techniques for analyzing highly dimensional categorical data are becoming increasingly important. This manuscript presents a novel latent vector-based methodology for analyzing complex data sets with multiple groups that include both high and low doses using orthogonal projections to latent structures (OPLS) coupled with hierarchical clustering. This general methodology allows complex experimental designs (e.g., multiple dose and time combinations) to be encoded and directly compared. Further, it allows for the inclusion of low dose samples that do not exhibit a strong enough individual response to be modeled independently. A dose- and time-responsive metabolomic study was completed to evaluate and demonstrate this methodology. Single doses (0.1-100 mg/kg body weight) of alpha-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT), a common model of hepatic cholestasis, were administered orally in corn oil to male Fischer 344 rats. Urine samples were collected pre-dose and daily through day-4 post-dose. Blood samples were collected pre and post-dose to assess indices of clinical toxicity. Urine samples were analyzed by H-1-NMR spectroscopy, and the spectra were adaptively binned to reduce dimensionality. The proposed methodology for NMR-based urinary metabolomics was sensitive enough to detect ANIT-induced effects with respect to both dose and time at doses below the threshold of clinical toxicity. A pattern of ANIT-dependent effects established at the highest dose was seen in the 50 and 20 mg/kg dose groups, an effect not directly identifiable with individual principal component analysis (PCA). Coupling the pattern found by the OPLS algorithm and hierarchical clustering revealed a relationship between the 100, 50 and 20 mg/kg dose groups, suggesting a characteristic effect of ANIT exposure. These studies demonstrate that the use of a metabolomics approach with flexible binning of H-1 spectra and appropriate application of multivariate analyses can reveal biologically relevant information about the temporal metabolic perturbations caused by exposure and toxicity.
C1 [Mahle, Deirdre A.; Anderson, Paul E.; DelRaso, Nicholas J.] USAF, Res Lab, Human Effectiveness Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Anderson, Paul E.; Raymer, Michael L.] Wright State Univ, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Dayton, OH 45435 USA.
   [Mahle, Deirdre A.; Neuforth, Andrew E.; Reo, Nicholas V.] Wright State Univ, Boonshoft Sch Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Magnet Resonance Lab, Dayton, OH 45429 USA.
RP Mahle, DA (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Human Effectiveness Directorate, 711th Human Performance Wing, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM deirdre.mahle@wpafb.af.mil
RI Raymer, Michael/G-3398-2013
OI Raymer, Michael/0000-0003-2649-0792
FU Air Force Research Laboratory, Human Effectiveness Directorate, Applied
   Biotechnology Branch (AFRL/RHPB); ManTech Environmental Technology, Inc.
   [ManTech/WBI002]; Alion Science and Technology [SUB1174146RB]; Henry M.
   Jackson Foundation for Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc. [132633]
FX This work was supported by grants to WSU from the Air Force Research
   Laboratory, Human Effectiveness Directorate, Applied Biotechnology
   Branch (AFRL/RHPB), ManTech Environmental Technology, Inc. (Contract No.
   ManTech/WBI002), Alion Science and Technology (Contract No.
   SUB1174146RB), and Henry M. Jackson Foundation for Advancement of
   Military Medicine, Inc. (Contract No. 132633). The authors thank Mr.
   Mark Westrick for technical support.
NR 36
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 11
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1573-3882
EI 1573-3890
J9 METABOLOMICS
JI Metabolomics
PD JUN
PY 2011
VL 7
IS 2
BP 206
EP 216
DI 10.1007/s11306-010-0246-3
PG 11
WC Endocrinology & Metabolism
SC Endocrinology & Metabolism
GA 766UW
UT WOS:000290813000004
ER

PT J
AU Thornton, DE
   Phillips, GT
   Perram, GP
AF Thornton, Douglas E.
   Phillips, Grady T.
   Perram, Glen P.
TI Velocity changing collisions in the laser saturation spectra of Rb-87
   D-2 F ''=2
SO OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Diode Pumped Alkali Laser; Saturation spectroscopy; Velocity changing
   collisions
AB The saturation absorption technique is applied to the Rb-87 S-2(1/2) F '' = 2 -> P-2(3/2) F' = 1,2 and 3 transitions to study the effect of velocity changing collisions (VCC). The VCC caused Doppler pedestal increases with argon pressure from 0 to 110 m Torr and decreases with modulation frequencies of 700-3200 Hz. The resonances of the velocity selective, saturated optical pumping are washed out for pressure of 110 mTorr. The magnitude of the Doppler pedestal relative to the homogeneous features, yields a rate for velocity changing collisions of 6.5 +/- 0.2 x 10(-10) cm(3) s(-1). Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Thornton, Douglas E.; Phillips, Grady T.; Perram, Glen P.] USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Engn Phys, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Perram, GP (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Engn Phys, 2950 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM glen.perram@afit.edu
OI Perram, Glen/0000-0002-4417-3929
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0030-4018
J9 OPT COMMUN
JI Opt. Commun.
PD JUN 1
PY 2011
VL 284
IS 12
BP 2890
EP 2894
DI 10.1016/j.optcom.2011.02.057
PG 5
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 765GN
UT WOS:000290692900050
ER

PT J
AU Megyesi, MS
   Hunt, LM
   Brody, H
AF Megyesi, M. S.
   Hunt, L. M.
   Brody, H.
TI A critical review of racial/ethnic variables in osteoporosis and bone
   density research
SO OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Review
DE Bone density; Ethnicity; Health disparities; Osteoporosis; Race
ID FRACTURE RISK-ASSESSMENT; MINERAL DENSITY; HEALTH DISPARITIES;
   RACIAL-DIFFERENCES; GENETIC RESEARCH; BODY HABITUS; RACE; ETHNICITY;
   WOMEN; RACE/ETHNICITY
AB Racial and ethnic variables are common in research on variation in bone density. This literature review describes some of the common flaws associated with the use of these variables and provides some suggestions for how bone density research may be able to better document and address skeletal health disparities.
   Racial/ethnic differences in bone density have been commonly documented in the research literature. While effective identification of the specific factors underlying these trends might go a long way in informing treatment and screening for osteoporosis, this would require careful consideration of exactly what these variables are capturing. However, the basis and implications of what racial/ethnic variables represent have not carefully been examined in bone density research.
   For this paper, we systematically reviewed 55 articles that included bone density and race/ethnicity as key variables. Our analysis reveals that racial/ethnic terminology in these articles is highly variable, and discussion of how race/ethnicity is determined is often vague and idiosyncratic. Racial/ethnic variables are being used for a wide range of analytical purposes in statistical tests, which may not be appropriate for such a complex and poorly defined variable.
   Many articles attribute racial/ethnic differences in bone mass/bone density to genetic causes, although few studies actually examine genetic data.
   This analysis indicates that more rigorous examination of what race/ethnicity actually captures, more careful definitions of group labels and the procedures for assigning them, and attention to the limitations of how such variables can reliably be used in data analyses is needed to help address the problems and issues outlined in this review.
C1 [Megyesi, M. S.] Joint POW MIA Accounting Command, Cent Identificat Lab, Hickam AFB, HI 96853 USA.
   [Hunt, L. M.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Anthropol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
   [Brody, H.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Family Med, Galveston, TX 77555 USA.
   [Brody, H.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Inst Med Humanities, Galveston, TX 77555 USA.
RP Megyesi, MS (reprint author), Joint POW MIA Accounting Command, Cent Identificat Lab, 310 Worchester Ave Bldg 45, Hickam AFB, HI 96853 USA.
EM mary.megyesi@jpac.pacom.mil
FU National Institute of Health National Center for Human Genome Research
   [HG2299-05]; Graduate School of Michigan State University
FX This project was supported, in part, by the National Institute of Health
   National Center for Human Genome Research through Grant #HG2299-05, and
   by the Food, Nutrition, and Chronic Disease Fellowship from the Graduate
   School of Michigan State University. An earlier draft of portions of
   this paper was presented at the 2008 Society for Applied Anthropology
   Meetings, Memphis, TN. Thanks to Dr. Dorothy Nelson and Lynne Slagh,
   both from Wayne State University, for their many technical insights
   about osteoporosis and its diagnosis. We would also like to thank Dr.
   Norman Sauer (Michigan State University) for his sound advice throughout
   the development of this project.
NR 48
TC 13
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 6
PU SPRINGER LONDON LTD
PI LONDON
PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, 6TH FLOOR, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND
SN 0937-941X
J9 OSTEOPOROSIS INT
JI Osteoporosis Int.
PD JUN
PY 2011
VL 22
IS 6
BP 1669
EP 1679
DI 10.1007/s00198-010-1503-z
PG 11
WC Endocrinology & Metabolism
SC Endocrinology & Metabolism
GA 763HA
UT WOS:000290544900004
PM 21207012
ER

PT J
AU Perea-Lopez, N
   Rebollo-Plata, B
   Briones-Leon, JA
   Morelos-Gomez, A
   Hernandez-Cruz, D
   Hirata, GA
   Meunier, V
   Botello-Mendez, AR
   Charlier, JC
   Maruyama, B
   Munoz-Sandoval, E
   Lopez-Urias, F
   Terrones, M
   Terrones, H
AF Perea-Lopez, Nestor
   Rebollo-Plata, Bernabe
   Antonio Briones-Leon, Juan
   Morelos-Gomez, Aaron
   Hernandez-Cruz, Daniel
   Hirata, Gustavo A.
   Meunier, Vincent
   Botello-Mendez, Andres R.
   Charlier, Jean-Christophe
   Maruyama, Benji
   Munoz-Sandoval, Emilio
   Lopez-Urias, Florentino
   Terrones, Mauricio
   Terrones, Humberto
TI Millimeter-Long Carbon Nanotubes: Outstanding Electron-Emitting Sources
SO ACS NANO
LA English
DT Article
DE field emission; carbon nanotube; low field; very long nanotubes
ID FIELD-EMISSION; EMITTERS; ARRAYS; MODEL
AB We are reporting the fabrication of a very efficient electron source using millimeter-long and highly crystalline carbon nanotubes. These devices start to emit electrons at fields as low as 0.17 V/mu m and reach threshold emission at 0.24 V/mu m. In addition, these electron sources are very stable and can achieve a peak current density of 750 mA cm(-2) at only 0.45 V/mu m . In order to demonstrate intense election beam generation, these devices were used to produce visible light by cathodoluminescence. Finally, density functional theory calculations were used to rationalize the measured electronic field emission properties in open carbon nanotubes of different lengths. The modeling establishes a clear correlation between length and field enhancement factor.
C1 [Perea-Lopez, Nestor; Terrones, Mauricio] Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
   [Perea-Lopez, Nestor; Rebollo-Plata, Bernabe; Antonio Briones-Leon, Juan; Morelos-Gomez, Aaron; Hernandez-Cruz, Daniel; Munoz-Sandoval, Emilio; Lopez-Urias, Florentino] IPICYT, Adv Mat Dept, San Luis Potosi 78216, Mexico.
   [Hirata, Gustavo A.] Ctr Nanosci & Nanotechnol UNAM, Ensenada 22860, Baja California, Mexico.
   [Meunier, Vincent] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Phys, Troy, NY 12280 USA.
   [Botello-Mendez, Andres R.; Charlier, Jean-Christophe; Terrones, Humberto] Catholic Univ Louvain, Inst Condensed Matter & Nanosci, B-1348 Louvain, Belgium.
   [Maruyama, Benji] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, AFRL RX, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Terrones, Humberto] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
   [Terrones, Mauricio] Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
   [Terrones, Mauricio] Penn State Univ, Mat Res Inst, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
   [Terrones, Mauricio] Shinshu Univ, Res Ctr Exot Nanocarbons IST, Nagano 3808553, Japan.
RP Terrones, M (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
EM mtterrones@shinshu-u.ac.jp
RI Terrones, Mauricio/B-3829-2014; Perea-Lopez, Nestor/A-2683-2010;
   Munoz-Sandoval, Emilio/N-1059-2014; Hirata, Gustavo/E-2532-2016;
   Maruyama, Benji/E-3634-2010; Meunier, Vincent/F-9391-2010
OI Perea-Lopez, Nestor/0000-0002-3197-759X; Munoz-Sandoval,
   Emilio/0000-0002-6095-4119; Botello Mendez, Andres/0000-0002-7317-4699;
   Hernandez Cruz, Daniel/0000-0003-4950-7155; Meunier,
   Vincent/0000-0002-7013-179X
FU JST-Japan; Air Force Research Laboratory [FA9550-08-1-0204];
   CONACYT-Mexico [63001 S-3908, 3072 S-3909, 60218-F1, 48300]
FX We thank D. Ramirez, F. Tristan, S. Vega, G. Labrada, and B. Rivera for
   technical support. M.T. thanks JST-Japan for funding the Research Center
   for Exotic NanoCarbons, under the Japanese Regional Innovation Strategy
   Program by the Excellence. H.T. acknowledges support as visiting
   professor from the Ecole Polytechnique of Louvain and as a visiting
   scientist at the CNMS of ORNL. J.C.C. acknowledges the FNRS of Belgium.
   We also thank the Air Force Research Laboratory for partial Support of
   this work, grant FA9550-08-1-0204. A.R.B.M. is indebted to the M. De
   Merre Prize of Louvain. This work was also supported in part by
   CONACYT-Mexico grants: Fondo Mixto de San Luis Potosi 63001 S-3908 and
   63072 S-3909 (EMS.), 60218-F1 (F.L.U.), 48300 (E.M.S.), and postdoctoral
   fellowship (N.P.L.).
NR 24
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U1 1
U2 37
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1936-0851
EI 1936-086X
J9 ACS NANO
JI ACS Nano
PD JUN
PY 2011
VL 5
IS 6
BP 5072
EP 5077
DI 10.1021/nn201149y
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
   Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 783AZ
UT WOS:000292055200095
PM 21609029
ER

PT J
AU Miller, WS
   Sulham, CV
   Holtgrave, JC
   Perram, GP
AF Miller, W. S.
   Sulham, C. V.
   Holtgrave, J. C.
   Perram, G. P.
TI Limitations of an optically pumped rubidium laser imposed by atom
   recycle rate
SO APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS
LA English
DT Article
ID VAPOR LASER; C2H6; D2
AB A rubidium laser pumped on the 5(2)S(1/2)-5(2)P(3/2) D-2 transition by a pulsed dye laser at pump intensities exceeding 3.5 MW/cm(2) (> 1000 times threshold) has been demonstrated. Output energies as high as 12 mu J/pulse are limited by the rate for collision relaxation of the pumped P-2(3/2) state to the upper laser P-2(1/2) state. More than 250 photons are available for every rubidium atom in the pumped volume during each pulse. For modest alkali atom and ethane spin-orbit relaxer concentrations, the gain medium can only process about 50 photons/atom during the 2-8 ns pump pulse. At 110A degrees C and 550 Torr of ethane, the system is bottlenecked in the P-2(3/2) state and all of the incident photons cannot be absorbed. The output energy is linearly dependent on pump pulse duration for a given pump energy. The highly saturated pump limit of the recently developed three-level model for diode pumped alkali lasers (DPALs) is developed. The system efficiency based on absorbed photons approaches 36% even for these extreme pump conditions.
C1 [Miller, W. S.; Sulham, C. V.; Holtgrave, J. C.; Perram, G. P.] USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Engn Phys, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Perram, GP (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Engn Phys, 2950 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM glen.perram@afit.edu
OI Perram, Glen/0000-0002-4417-3929
FU High Energy Laser Joint Technology Office; Air Force Office of
   Scientific Research
FX work was supported by a grant from the High Energy Laser Joint
   Technology Office and the Air Force Office of Scientific Research.
NR 13
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U1 0
U2 7
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0946-2171
J9 APPL PHYS B-LASERS O
JI Appl. Phys. B-Lasers Opt.
PD JUN
PY 2011
VL 103
IS 4
BP 819
EP 824
DI 10.1007/s00340-011-4540-1
PG 6
WC Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Optics; Physics
GA 782GL
UT WOS:000291996400008
ER

PT J
AU Osswald, SS
   Osswald, MB
   Elston, DM
AF Osswald, Sandra S.
   Osswald, Michael B.
   Elston, Dirk M.
TI Ectopic Breasts: Familial Functional Axillary Breasts and Breast Cancer
   Arising in an Axillary Breast
SO CUTIS
LA English
DT Article
ID ACCESSORY MAMMARY TISSUE; SUPERNUMERARY NIPPLES; POLYTHELIA;
   MALFORMATIONS; ASSOCIATION; CARCINOMA; CHILDREN; VULVA; NEVUS
AB Supernumerary breasts and nipples are not uncommon and have familial and syndrome associations. Although usually of only cosmetic concern, hormonal changes and inflammatory or neoplastic conditions that affect primary breast tissue also may occur in areas of ectopic breast tissue. We describe cases of familial functional axillary breasts and primary carcinoma of the breast arising in ectopic axillary breast tissue. Cutis. 201187:300-304.
C1 [Osswald, Sandra S.] UT Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA.
   [Osswald, Michael B.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Div Hematol Oncol, San Antonio Mil Med Ctr,Hematol Oncol Fellowship, San Antonio Uniformed Serv Hlth Educ Consortium, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
   [Elston, Dirk M.] Geisinger Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Danville, PA 17822 USA.
   [Elston, Dirk M.] Geisinger Med Ctr, Dept Lab Med, Danville, PA 17822 USA.
RP Osswald, SS (reprint author), 8814 Shady Valley, San Antonio, TX 78254 USA.
EM osswald@uthscsa.edu
NR 30
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 2
PU QUADRANT HEALTHCOM INC
PI PARSIPPANY
PA 7 CENTURY DRIVE, STE 302, PARSIPPANY, NJ 07054-4603 USA
SN 0011-4162
J9 CUTIS
JI Cutis
PD JUN
PY 2011
VL 87
IS 6
BP 300
EP 304
PG 5
WC Dermatology
SC Dermatology
GA 786YX
UT WOS:000292344900010
PM 21838088
ER

PT J
AU Greer, JM
   Dorman, SEG
   Hammond, MJ
AF Greer, J. M., Jr.
   Dorman, S. E. Galyon
   Hammond, M. J.
TI Some comments on the Arcan mixed-mode (I/II) test specimen
SO ENGINEERING FRACTURE MECHANICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Arcan specimen; Fatigue crack growth; Mixed-mode crack growth; Crack
   growth testing
AB Although the Arcan specimen has been used frequently for mixed-mode crack growth testing using single-axis servohydraulic test equipment, the specimen and its commonly-used fixturing have features and behaviors that have implications to the proper understanding of results garnered from their use. These implications extend to hardware issues as well, as the Arcan specimen (when mounted at off-axis angles) can generate significant and even potentially damaging side loads on the load frame actuator. This paper discusses a number of the issues associated with the Arcan specimen and Arcan testing. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Greer, J. M., Jr.; Dorman, S. E. Galyon; Hammond, M. J.] USAF Acad, Valdez Int Corp, HQ USAFA DFEM, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
RP Greer, JM (reprint author), USAF Acad, Valdez Int Corp, HQ USAFA DFEM, 2354 Fairchild Dr,Ste 2J2, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
EM jim.greer.ctr@usafa.edu; sarah.galyon.ctr@usafa.edu;
   matthew.hammond.ctr@usafa.edu
FU Nondestructive Evaluation Branch, Materials and Manufacturing
   Directorate of the Air Force Research Lab; Air Force Office of
   Scientific Research
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the sponsorship of the Nondestructive
   Evaluation Branch, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate of the Air
   Force Research Lab and Ms. Monica Poelking for this work The support of
   the Air Force Office of Scientific Research for portions of this work is
   also appreciated.
NR 12
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U1 1
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PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0013-7944
J9 ENG FRACT MECH
JI Eng. Fract. Mech.
PD JUN
PY 2011
VL 78
IS 9
BP 2088
EP 2094
DI 10.1016/j.engfracmech.2011.03.017
PG 7
WC Mechanics
SC Mechanics
GA 781BO
UT WOS:000291905800019
ER

PT J
AU Johnson, CN
   Eller, RL
AF Johnson, Colleen N.
   Eller, Robert L.
TI Bilateral vocal fold polyps with occult sulcus mucosal bridge
SO ENT-EAR NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Johnson, Colleen N.] Malcolm Grow Hosp, Otolaryngol Serv, Andrews AFB, MD USA.
   [Eller, Robert L.] San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol, San Antonio, TX USA.
RP Johnson, CN (reprint author), Malcolm Grow Hosp, Otolaryngol Serv, Andrews AFB, MD USA.
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU VENDOME GROUP LLC
PI NEW YORK
PA 149 FIFTH AVE, 10TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA
SN 0145-5613
J9 ENT-EAR NOSE THROAT
JI ENT-Ear Nose Throat J.
PD JUN
PY 2011
VL 90
IS 6
BP 248
EP 248
PG 1
WC Otorhinolaryngology
SC Otorhinolaryngology
GA 964TZ
UT WOS:000305720900004
PM 21674465
ER

PT J
AU McClernon, CK
   McCauley, ME
   O'Connor, PE
   Warm, JS
AF McClernon, Christopher K.
   McCauley, Michael E.
   O'Connor, Paul E.
   Warm, Joel S.
TI Stress Training Improves Performance During a Stressful Flight
SO HUMAN FACTORS
LA English
DT Article
DE stress exposure training; performance under stress; pilot training;
   aviation safety; flight training; pilot performance; cold pressor;
   stress coping
ID ATTENTIONAL CONTROL; SETTINGS
AB Objective: This study investigated whether stress training introduced during the acquisition of simulator-based flight skills enhances pilot performance during subsequent stressful flight operations in an actual aircraft.
   Background: Despite knowledge that preconditions to aircraft accidents can be strongly influenced by pilot stress, little is known about the effectiveness of stress training and how it transfers to operational flight settings.
   Method: For this study, 30 participants with no flying experience were assigned at random to a stress-trained treatment group or a control group. Stress training consisted of systematic pairing of skill acquisition in a flight simulator with stress coping mechanisms in the presence of a cold pressor. Control participants received identical flight skill acquisition training but without stress training. Participants then performed a stressful flying task in a Piper Archer aircraft.
   Results: Stress-trained research participants flew the aircraft more smoothly, as recorded by aircraft telemetry data, and generally better, as recorded by flight instructor evaluations, than did control participants.
   Conclusions: Introducing stress coping mechanisms during flight training improved performance in a stressful flying task.
   Application: The results of this study indicate that stress training during the acquisition of flight skills may serve to enhance pilot performance in stressful operational flight and, therefore, might mitigate the contribution of pilot stress to aircraft mishaps.
C1 [McClernon, Christopher K.; Warm, Joel S.] USAF, Res Lab, Warfighter Interface Div, Human Performance Wing 711, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [McCauley, Michael E.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA USA.
   [McCauley, Michael E.] USN, Postgrad Sch, MOVES Inst, Monterey, CA USA.
   [O'Connor, Paul E.] Natl Univ Ireland, Galway, Ireland.
RP McClernon, CK (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Warfighter Interface Div, Human Performance Wing 711, Bldg 33,2255 H St, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM christopher.mcclernon@us.af.mil
RI OConnor, Paul/H-1221-2011
OI OConnor, Paul/0000-0001-9036-098X
FU U.S. Air Force Air Education and Training Command; Office of Naval
   Research; U.S. Air Force Academy's Department of Behavioral Sciences and
   Leadership
FX This research was made possible by support from the U.S. Air Force Air
   Education and Training Command, the Office of Naval Research, and the
   U.S. Air Force Academy's Department of Behavioral Sciences and
   Leadership. Experiment trials were conducted with support from the
   Monterey Airport Control Tower, the Northern California Terminal Radar
   Approach Control Facility, the Monterey Navy Flying Club, the Travis Air
   Force Base Aero Club, and the Avidyne Corporation. This research was
   performed at the Modeling, Virtual Environments, and Simulation (MOVES)
   Institute, Naval Postgraduate School, as part of the requirements for
   the doctoral degree of the first author. The first author would like to
   thank the following dissertation committee members for their sage
   advice: William Becker, Anthony Ciavarelli, Rudolph Darken, Michael
   McCauley, Nita Miller, and Paul O'Connor.
NR 42
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U1 1
U2 27
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
PI THOUSAND OAKS
PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA
SN 0018-7208
J9 HUM FACTORS
JI Hum. Factors
PD JUN
PY 2011
VL 53
IS 3
BP 207
EP 218
DI 10.1177/0018720811405317
PG 12
WC Behavioral Sciences; Engineering, Industrial; Ergonomics; Psychology,
   Applied; Psychology
SC Behavioral Sciences; Engineering; Psychology
GA 783WO
UT WOS:000292115100001
PM 21830508
ER

PT J
AU Lyons, JB
   Stokes, CK
   Eschleman, KJ
   Alarcon, GM
   Barelka, AJ
AF Lyons, Joseph B.
   Stokes, Charlene K.
   Eschleman, Kevin J.
   Alarcon, Gene M.
   Barelka, Alex J.
TI Trustworthiness and IT Suspicion: An Evaluation of the Nomological
   Network
SO HUMAN FACTORS
LA English
DT Article
DE trust in automation; suspicion; trustworthiness; decision confidence
ID HUMAN INTERVENTION; DECISION-MAKING; TRUST; AUTOMATION; PERFORMANCE;
   DECEPTION; DISTRUST; RELIANCE; HUMANS
AB Objective: The authors evaluated the validity of trust in automation and information technology (IT) suspicion by examining their factor structure and relationship with decision confidence.
   Background: Research on trust has burgeoned, yet the dimensionality of trust remains elusive. Researchers suggest that trust is a unidimensional construct, whereas others believe it is multidimensional. Additionally, novel constructs, such as IT suspicion, have yet to be distinguished from trust in automation. Research is needed to examine the overlap between these constructs and to determine the dimensionality of trust in automation.
   Method: Participants (N = 72) engaged in a computer-based convoy scenario involving an automated decision aid. The aid fused real-time sensor data and provided route recommendations to participants who selected a route based on (a) a map with historical enemy information, (b) sensor inputs, and (c) automation suggestions. Measures for trust in automation and IT suspicion were administered after individuals interacted with the automation.
   Results: Results indicated three orthogonal factors: trust, distrust, and IT suspicion. Each variable was explored as a predictor of decision confidence. Distrust and trust evidenced unique influences on decision confidence, albeit at different times. Higher distrust related to less confidence, whereas trust related to greater confidence.
   Conclusion: The current study found that trust in automation was best characterized by two orthogonal dimensions (trust and distrust). Both trust and distrust were found to be independent from IT suspicion, and both distrust and trust uniquely predicted decision confidence.
   Application: Researchers may consider using separate measures for trust and distrust in future studies.
C1 [Lyons, Joseph B.; Stokes, Charlene K.; Eschleman, Kevin J.; Alarcon, Gene M.; Barelka, Alex J.] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Lyons, JB (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, 2698 G St,Bldg 190, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM Joseph.lyons@wpafb.af.mil
NR 33
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U1 3
U2 10
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
PI THOUSAND OAKS
PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA
SN 0018-7208
J9 HUM FACTORS
JI Hum. Factors
PD JUN
PY 2011
VL 53
IS 3
BP 219
EP 229
DI 10.1177/0018720811406726
PG 11
WC Behavioral Sciences; Engineering, Industrial; Ergonomics; Psychology,
   Applied; Psychology
SC Behavioral Sciences; Engineering; Psychology
GA 783WO
UT WOS:000292115100002
PM 21830509
ER

PT J
AU Kapper, MG
   Cambier, JL
AF Kapper, M. G.
   Cambier, J-L.
TI Ionizing shocks in argon. Part II: Transient and multi-dimensional
   effects
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID SCHEMES
AB We extend the computations of ionizing shocks in argon to the unsteady and multi-dimensional, using a collisional-radiative model and a single-fluid, two-temperature formulation of the conservation equations. It is shown that the fluctuations of the shock structure observed in shock-tube experiments can be reproduced by the numerical simulations and explained on the basis of the coupling of the nonlinear kinetics of the collisional-radiative model with wave propagation within the induction zone. The mechanism is analogous to instabilities of detonation waves and also produces a cellular structure commonly observed in gaseous detonations. We suggest that detailed simulations of such unsteady phenomena can yield further information for the validation of nonequilibrium kinetics. [doi:10.1063/1.3585694]
C1 [Kapper, M. G.; Cambier, J-L.] USAF, Res Lab, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA.
RP Cambier, JL (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA.
EM jean-luc.cambier@edwards.af.mil
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) [02PR05COR]
FX We wish to acknowledge the support of the Air Force Office of Scientific
   Research (AFOSR), Grant No. 02PR05COR (PM: Dr. F. Fahroo), for this
   work.
NR 18
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
   MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD JUN 1
PY 2011
VL 109
IS 11
AR 113309
DI 10.1063/1.3585694
PG 11
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 785GF
UT WOS:000292214700021
ER

PT J
AU Kapper, MG
   Cambier, JL
AF Kapper, M. G.
   Cambier, J-L.
TI Ionizing shocks in argon. Part I: Collisional-radiative model and
   steady-state structure
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID ELECTRON-IMPACT IONIZATION; CROSS-SECTIONS; INITIAL IONIZATION; WAVES;
   ATOMS; GASES; TUBES
AB A detailed collisional-radiative model is developed and coupled with a single-fluid, two-temperature convection model for the transport of shock-heated argon. The model is used in a systematic approach to examine the effects of the collision cross sections on the shock structure, including the relaxation layer and subsequent radiative-cooling regime. We present a comparison with previous experimental results obtained at the University of Toronto's Institute of Aerospace Studies and the Australian National University, which serve as benchmarks to the model. It is shown here that ionization proceeds via the ladder-climbing mechanism, in which the upper levels play a dominant role as compared to the metastable states. Taking this into account, the present model is able to accurately reproduce the metastable populations in the relaxation zone measured in previous experiments, which is not possible with a two-step model. Our numerical results of the radiative-cooling region are in close agreement with experiments and have been obtained without having to consider radiative transport. In particular, it found that spontaneous emission involving the upper levels together with Bremsstrahlung emission account for nearly all radiative losses; all other significant radiative processes, resulting in transitions into the ground-state, are mostly self-absorbed and have a lesser impact. The effects of electron heat conduction are also considered and shown to have a large impact on the electron-priming region immediately behind the shock front; however, the overall effect on the induction length, i.e., the distance between the shock front and the electron avalanche, is small. [doi:10.1063/1.3585688]
C1 [Kapper, M. G.; Cambier, J-L.] USAF, Res Lab, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA.
RP Cambier, JL (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA.
EM jean-luc.cambier@edwards.af.mil
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) [02PR05COR]
FX We wish to acknowledge the support of the Air Force Office of Scientific
   Research (AFOSR), grant No. 02PR05COR (PM: Dr. F. Fahroo) for this work.
NR 39
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U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
EI 1089-7550
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD JUN 1
PY 2011
VL 109
IS 11
AR 113308
DI 10.1063/1.3585688
PG 14
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 785GF
UT WOS:000292214700020
ER

PT J
AU Roslyak, O
   Gumbs, G
   Huang, DH
AF Roslyak, Oleksiy
   Gumbs, Godfrey
   Huang, Danhong
TI Plasma excitations of dressed Dirac electrons in graphene layers
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID INTERCALATED GRAPHITE; EPITAXIAL GRAPHENE; ENERGY-LOSS; PARTICLE;
   BANDGAP
AB Collective plasma excitations of optically dressed Dirac electrons in single and double graphene layers are calculated in the RPA. The presence of circularly polarized light gives rise to an energy gap E-g between the conduction and valence energy bands. Its value may be adjusted by varying the frequency and intensity of the light, and may reach values of the gap reported for epitaxially grown graphene and far exceeding that caused by spin-orbit coupling. We report plasmon dispersion relations for various energy gaps and separations between graphene layers. For a single graphene sheet, we find that plasmon modes may be excited for larger wave vector and frequency when subjected to light. For double layers, we obtained an optical and phononlike mode and found that the optical mode is not as sensitive as the phononlike mode in the long wavelength limit when the layer separation is varied, for a chosen E-g. The dressed electron plasma-although massive-still has Dirac origin, giving rise to anomalous plasmon behavior upon crossing the omega = (h) over barv(F)q cone. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3596519]
C1 [Roslyak, Oleksiy; Gumbs, Godfrey] CUNY Hunter Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, New York, NY 10065 USA.
   [Huang, Danhong] USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA.
RP Roslyak, O (reprint author), CUNY Hunter Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, 695 Pk Ave, New York, NY 10065 USA.
EM avroslyak@gmail.com
FU Air Force Research Lab [FA 9453-07-C-0207]; Air Force Office of
   Scientific Research (AFOSR)
FX This research was supported by contract #FA 9453-07-C-0207 of Air Force
   Research Lab. D.H. would like to thank the Air Force Office of
   Scientific Research (AFOSR) for its support. We also appreciate useful
   discussions with P. Pyatkovskiy and A. Iurov.
NR 26
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U1 2
U2 9
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
   MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD JUN 1
PY 2011
VL 109
IS 11
AR 113721
DI 10.1063/1.3596519
PG 8
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 785GF
UT WOS:000292214700083
ER

PT J
AU Sheng, Q
   Guha, S
   Gonzalez, LP
AF Sheng, Qin
   Guha, Shekhar
   Gonzalez, Leonel P.
TI An exponential transformation based splitting method for fast
   computations of highly oscillatory solutions
SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Splitting method; Transformations; Linear and nonlinear equations;
   Highly oscillatory wave problems; Asymptotic stability; Algorithmic
   efficiency
ID PROPAGATION; BEAM; APPROXIMATION
AB Splitting, or decomposition, methods have been widely used for achieving higher computational efficiency in solving wave equations. A major concern has remained, however, if the wave number involved is exceptionally large. In the case, merits of a conventional splitting method may diminish due to the fact that tiny discretization steps need to be employed to compensate high oscillations. This paper studies an alternative way for solving highly oscillatory paraxial wave problems via a modified splitting strategy. In the process, an exponential transformation is first introduced to convert the underlying differential equation to coupled nonlinear equations. Then the resulted oscillation-free system is treated by a Local-One-Dimensional (LOD) scheme for desired accuracy, efficiency and computability. The splitting method acquired is asymptotically stable and easy to use. Computational experiments are given to illustrate our numerical procedures. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Sheng, Qin] Baylor Univ, Dept Math, Ctr Astrophys Space Phys & Engn Res, Waco, TX 76798 USA.
   [Guha, Shekhar; Gonzalez, Leonel P.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Sheng, Q (reprint author), Baylor Univ, Dept Math, Ctr Astrophys Space Phys & Engn Res, Waco, TX 76798 USA.
EM Qin_Sheng@baylor.edu
FU Air Force Research Laboratory and General Dynamics Information
   Technology [F-5400-04-06-SC01-00]
FX The first author is supported in part by a research grant (No.
   F-5400-04-06-SC01-00) from the Air Force Research Laboratory and General
   Dynamics Information Technology.; The authors would like to thank their
   colleagues for many discussions which helped to improve the study of
   fast numerical methods for highly oscillatory wave problems. The authors
   also appreciate the Air Force Research Laboratory and General Dynamics
   Information Technology for the constant support, encouragement and
   experimental data.
NR 17
TC 5
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U1 0
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0377-0427
J9 J COMPUT APPL MATH
JI J. Comput. Appl. Math.
PD JUN 1
PY 2011
VL 235
IS 15
BP 4452
EP 4463
DI 10.1016/j.cam.2011.04.013
PG 12
WC Mathematics, Applied
SC Mathematics
GA 784TT
UT WOS:000292181800010
ER

PT J
AU Dewey, SC
   Whetstone, ZD
   Kearfott, KJ
AF Dewey, Steven Clifford
   Whetstone, Zachary David
   Kearfott, Kimberlee Jane
TI A method for determining the analytical form of a radionuclide depth
   distribution using multiple gamma spectrometry measurements
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY
LA English
DT Article
DE Gamma spectrometry; Germanium detector; Calibration; Environmental
   radioactivity; In situ measurements
ID SALT-MARSH ENVIRONMENTS; IN-SITU METHOD; RAY SPECTROMETRY; SOIL;
   SPECTROSCOPY; CALIBRATION; ALGORITHM; DETECTOR
AB When characterizing environmental radioactivity, whether in the soil or within concrete building structures undergoing remediation or decommissioning, it is highly desirable to know the radionuclide depth distribution. This is typically modeled using continuous analytical expressions, whose forms are believed to best represent the true source distributions. In situ gamma ray spectroscopic measurements are combined with these models to fully describe the source. Currently, the choice of analytical expressions is based upon prior experimental core sampling results at similar locations, any known site history, or radionuclide transport models. This paper presents a method, employing multiple in situ measurements at a single site, for determining the analytical form that best represents the true depth distribution present. The measurements can be made using a variety of geometries, each of which has a different sensitivity variation with source spatial distribution. Using non-linear least squares numerical optimization methods, the results can be fit to a collection of analytical models and the parameters of each model determined. The analytical expression that results in the fit with the lowest residual is selected as the most accurate representation. A cursory examination is made of the effects of measurement errors on the method. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Whetstone, Zachary David; Kearfott, Kimberlee Jane] Univ Michigan, Dept Nucl Engn & Radiol Sci, Radiol Hlth Engn Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
   [Dewey, Steven Clifford] USAF, Sch Aerosp Med, Occupat Environm Hlth Div, Hlth Phys Branch,Radiat Anal Labs, Brooks City Base, TX 78235 USA.
RP Kearfott, KJ (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Nucl Engn & Radiol Sci, Radiol Hlth Engn Lab, 2355 Bonisteel Blvd,1906 Cooley Bldg, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
EM sdewey001@gmail.com; zacwhets@umich.edu; kearfott@umich.edu
RI Kearfott, Kimberlee/G-2467-2014
OI Kearfott, Kimberlee/0000-0002-8698-0913
NR 29
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0265-931X
J9 J ENVIRON RADIOACTIV
JI J. Environ. Radioact.
PD JUN
PY 2011
VL 102
IS 6
BP 581
EP 588
DI 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2011.03.006
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 782NF
UT WOS:000292015700007
PM 21482447
ER

PT J
AU Lane, SA
   Higgins, J
   Biskner, A
   Sanford, G
   Springer, C
   Berg, J
AF Lane, Steven A.
   Higgins, John
   Biskner, Adam
   Sanford, Greg
   Springer, Chris
   Berg, Jerome
TI Out-of-Autoclave Composite Fairing Design, Fabrication, and Test
SO JOURNAL OF MANUFACTURING SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE
   ASME
LA English
DT Article
DE compaction; deformation; displacement measurement; moulding; ovens;
   prototypes; research and development; resins; space vehicles; strain
   measurement
AB This paper documents a recent R&D effort conducted by the Air Force Research Laboratory, Space Vehicles Directorate, to assess the feasibility of fabricating large composite launch vehicle fairings without the use of autoclaves. Two composite manufacturing approaches were demonstrated: vacuum-bag compaction with oven cure and vacuum assisted resin transfer molding with oven cure. For this project, a 2.8-m diameter fairing was developed for the Minotaur IV launch system. The prototype fairing was instrumented and tested up to qualification test loads. No damage or permanent deformations were observed. Measured strain and displacement data were compared to model predictions; trends and amplitudes were generally in agreement. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4004321]
C1 [Lane, Steven A.; Higgins, John] USAF, Res Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA.
   [Biskner, Adam; Sanford, Greg] LoadPath LLC, Albuquerque, NM 87108 USA.
   [Springer, Chris; Berg, Jerome] Alliant Techsyst Space Syst Inc, ATK Aerosp Struct Div, Clearfield, UT 84016 USA.
RP Lane, SA (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, 3550 Aberdeen Ave SE, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA.
EM Steven.Lane@kirtland.af.mil; John.Higgins@kirtland.af.mil;
   abiskner@loadpath.com; gsanford@loadpath.com; Chris.Springer@atk.com;
   Jerome.Berg@atk.com
NR 16
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 7
PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
SN 1087-1357
J9 J MANUF SCI E-T ASME
JI J. Manuf. Sci. Eng.-Trans. ASME
PD JUN
PY 2011
VL 133
IS 3
AR 031020
DI 10.1115/1.4004321
PG 10
WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA 786VE
UT WOS:000292335200020
ER

PT J
AU Andersen, A
   Grant, D
   Palmer, L
   Meidlinger, A
AF Andersen, Allison
   Grant, David
   Palmer, Lisa
   Meidlinger, Andrew
TI A PEER REVIEW DOCUMENTATION PROGRAM IN A MILITARY PACU
SO JOURNAL OF PERIANESTHESIA NURSING
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Grant, David] USAF, Med Ctr, Travis AFB, CA USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 1089-9472
J9 J PERIANESTH NURS
JI J. PeriAnesthesia Nurs.
PD JUN
PY 2011
VL 26
IS 3
BP 183
EP 183
PG 1
WC Nursing
SC Nursing
GA 781DS
UT WOS:000291911400013
ER

PT J
AU Chung, SW
   Guliants, EA
   Bunker, CE
   Jelliss, PA
   Buckner, SW
AF Chung, Stephen W.
   Guliants, Elena A.
   Bunker, Christopher E.
   Jelliss, Paul A.
   Buckner, Steven W.
TI Size-dependent nanoparticle reaction enthalpy: Oxidation of aluminum
   nanoparticles
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS
LA English
DT Article
DE Metals; Nanostructures; Thermodynamic properties
ID AREA-DIFFERENCE MODEL; COHESIVE ENERGY; MELTING TEMPERATURE;
   THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES; NANOTHERMODYNAMICS; NANOCLUSTERS;
   NANOCRYSTALS; COMBUSTION; STABILITY
AB Here we present a model describing the particle size dependence of the oxidation enthalpy of aluminum nanoparticles. The model includes the size dependence of the cohesive energy of the reactant particles, the size dependence of the product lattice energy, extent of product agglomeration, and surface capping effects. The strongest effects on aluminum nanoparticle energy release occur for particle diameters below 10 nm, with enhanced energy release for agglomerated oxide products and decreased energy release for nanoscale oxide products. An unusual effect is observed with all nanoparticle reaction enthalpies converging to the bulk value when agglomeration of the products approaches the transition between nanoparticle -> nanoparticle and nanoparticle -> bulk energetics. Optimal energy output for Al NP oxidation should occur for sub-10-nm particles reacting with significant agglomeration. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Bunker, Christopher E.] USAF, Res Lab, Prop Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Chung, Stephen W.; Jelliss, Paul A.; Buckner, Steven W.] St Louis Univ, Dept Chem, St Louis, MO 63103 USA.
   [Guliants, Elena A.] Univ Dayton, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
RP Bunker, CE (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Prop Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM buckners@slu.edu
FU Air Force Research Laboratory
FX We gratefully acknowledge the Air Force Research Laboratory
   Nanoenergetics Program for supporting this work We would like to thank
   Dr. Michelle Pantoya and Dr. Sindee Simon for their experimental data.
NR 34
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 2
U2 31
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0022-3697
EI 1879-2553
J9 J PHYS CHEM SOLIDS
JI J. Phys. Chem. Solids
PD JUN
PY 2011
VL 72
IS 6
BP 719
EP 724
DI 10.1016/j.jpcs.2011.02.021
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 781FF
UT WOS:000291915300020
ER

PT J
AU Rao, R
   Pierce, N
   Zhang, XF
   Wheeler, R
   Maruyama, B
   Talapatra, S
AF Rao, Rahul
   Pierce, Neal
   Zhang, Xianfeng
   Wheeler, Robert
   Maruyama, Benji
   Talapatra, Saikat
TI Understanding the Role of Sulfur in Tuning the Diameter and Morphology
   in the Chemical Vapor Deposition Growth of Carbon Nanotubes
SO MATERIALS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
DE Carbon Nanotubes; CVD; Raman Spectroscopy; Electron Microscopy; Growth
   Promoter; Sulfur
ID FLOATING CATALYST METHOD; RAMAN-SCATTERING; NANOFIBERS; DECOMPOSITION;
   PYROLYSIS; MECHANISM; SYSTEM; PHASE; SIZE
AB A floating catalyst thermal CVD process using ferrocene and sulfur delivered in varying weight ratios of iron to sulfur (3/1, 5/1 and 10/1) was used to prepare carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Energy-filtered transmission electron microscopy indicated the segregation of sulfur to the surface of the iron nanoparticles and the formation of an iron/sulfur boundary, which promoted the nanotube growth. The average catalyst particle size was observed to decrease with decreasing sulfur content (10/1), which reflected in a reduction in the number of walls (from multiple to single) of the CNTs produced. The growth process described here represents a facile and scalable method to tune the diameter and wall-structure of CNTs by changing the concentration of sulfur with respect to iron.
C1 [Rao, Rahul; Pierce, Neal; Wheeler, Robert; Maruyama, Benji] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, RXBN, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Zhang, Xianfeng; Talapatra, Saikat] So Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA.
   [Wheeler, Robert] Universal Energy Syst Inc, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
RP Rao, R (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, RXBN, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM rahul.rao@wpafb.af.mil; stalapatra@physics.siu.edu
FU Scientific User Facilities Division, U.S. Department of Energy; Air
   Force Office of Scientific Research; NSF ECCS [0925682]; Illinois
   Department of Commerce and Economic Opportunity through the Office of
   Coal Development; Illinois Clean Coal Institute
FX We thank Ms. Marlene Houtz (University of Dayton Research Institute) for
   the thermogravimetric analysis and Dr. Gordon Sargent (UES Inc.) for
   useful discussions. The Raman measurements were conducted with the help
   of Dr. Alex Puretzky at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences,
   which is sponsored at Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Scientific
   User Facilities Division, U.S. Department of Energy. Rahul Rao, Neal
   Pierce and Benji Maruyama acknowledge funding from the Air Force Office
   of Scientific Research. Saikat Talapatra acknowledges financial support
   from NSF ECCS through grant No. 0925682 and by the Illinois Department
   of Commerce and Economic Opportunity through the Office of Coal
   Development and the Illinois Clean Coal Institute.
NR 39
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 15
PU AMER SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERS
PI VALENCIA
PA 26650 THE OLD RD, STE 208, VALENCIA, CA 91381-0751 USA
SN 2158-5849
J9 MATER EXPRESS
JI Mater. Express
PD JUN
PY 2011
VL 1
IS 2
BP 160
EP 166
DI 10.1166/mex.2011.1019
PG 7
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 048LS
UT WOS:000311913600007
ER

PT J
AU Jauchem, JR
   Seaman, RL
   Fines, DA
AF Jauchem, James R.
   Seaman, Ronald L.
   Fines, David A.
TI Survival of Anesthetized Sus scrofa After Cycling (7-Second On/3-Second
   Off) Exposures to an Electronic Control Device for 3 Minutes
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FORENSIC MEDICINE AND PATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE conducted electrical weapon; electronic control device; TASER;
   electromuscular disruption
ID SHOCK; STRESS; WEAPON; BLOOD; SERUM; PIGS
AB Electronic control devices (ECDs) may eventually be deployed by the military in a manner resulting in longer exposures than those encountered during law-enforcement operations. In a previous study, 18 repeated cycling (5-second on/5-second off) exposures (within a 3-minute period) of anesthetized swine to an ECD (TASER International's Advanced TASER X26 device) resulted in leg muscle contraction, acidosis, and increases in blood electrolytes. In the current study, experiments were performed to examine effects of exposures to a different cycling rate (7-second on/3-second off), from a modified X26 ECD, on 10 swine (Sus scrofa), maintained on propofol anesthesia. In contrast with the previous study, a large number of animals (6/10) died immediately after the exposures. There were no major differences in pre-exposure blood factors from survivors versus nonsurvivors, with the exception of hematocrit and 2 isoenzymes of lactate dehydrogenase. It is doubtful that these factors would be useful in predicting survival after ECD exposure. Blood pH was significantly decreased after exposure, but (in animals that survived) subsequently returned to baseline levels. On the basis of the overall survival rate, further development of useful ECDs (for long-term incapacitation during military operations) may require consideration of longer pauses between repeated exposures over a 3-minute period.
C1 [Jauchem, James R.] USAF, Directed Energy Bioeffects Div, Human Effectiveness Directorate, Res Lab, San Antonio, TX 78235 USA.
   [Seaman, Ronald L.; Fines, David A.] Adv Informat Engn Serv, San Antonio, TX USA.
RP Jauchem, JR (reprint author), USAF, Directed Energy Bioeffects Div, Human Effectiveness Directorate, Res Lab, 8262 Hawks Rd, San Antonio, TX 78235 USA.
EM james.jauchem@brooks.af.mil
NR 36
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 2
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0195-7910
J9 AM J FOREN MED PATH
JI Am. J. Forensic Med. Pathol.
PD JUN
PY 2011
VL 32
IS 2
BP 124
EP 130
DI 10.1097/PAF.0b013e3182186d5d
PG 7
WC Medicine, Legal; Pathology
SC Legal Medicine; Pathology
GA 763LB
UT WOS:000290557000007
PM 21464698
ER

PT J
AU Ozaltun, H
   Shen, MHH
   George, T
   Cross, C
AF Ozaltun, H.
   Shen, M. -H. H.
   George, T.
   Cross, C.
TI An Energy Based Fatigue Life Prediction Framework for In-Service
   Structural Components
SO EXPERIMENTAL MECHANICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Hysteresis energy; Energy based fatigue; Aging effect
AB An energy based fatigue life prediction framework has been developed for calculation of remaining fatigue life of in service gas turbine materials. The purpose of the life prediction framework is to account aging effect caused by cyclic loadings on fatigue strength of gas turbine engines structural components which are usually designed for very long life. Previous studies indicate the total strain energy dissipated during a monotonic fracture process and a cyclic process is a material property that can be determined by measuring the area underneath the monotonic true stress-strain curve and the sum of the area within each hysteresis loop in the cyclic process, respectively. The energy-based fatigue life prediction framework consists of the following entities: (1) development of a testing procedure to achieve plastic energy dissipation per life cycle and (2) incorporation of an energy-based fatigue life calculation scheme to determine the remaining fatigue life of in-service gas turbine materials. The accuracy of the remaining fatigue life prediction method was verified by comparison between model approximation and experimental results of Aluminum 6061-T6. The comparison shows promising agreement, thus validating the capability of the framework to produce accurate fatigue life prediction.
C1 [Ozaltun, H.; Shen, M. -H. H.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
   [Ozaltun, H.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
   [George, T.; Cross, C.] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Shen, MHH (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, N350 Scott Lab,201 W 19th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
EM shen.1@osu.edu
OI Ozaltun, Hakan/0000-0002-9975-2506
FU Air Force Research Laboratories (AFRL); Turbine Engine Fatigue Facility
   (TEFF) laboratory
FX The authors would like to thank the Air Force Research Laboratories
   (AFRL), specifically the Turbine Engine Fatigue Facility (TEFF)
   laboratory for their financial support, facility and equipment access,
   and encouragement for this research. The authors also would like to
   express their appreciation to Dr. Bulent H. Sencer of Idaho National
   Laboratory (INL) for helpful discussions.
NR 23
TC 20
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 8
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0014-4851
J9 EXP MECH
JI Exp. Mech.
PD JUN
PY 2011
VL 51
IS 5
BP 707
EP 718
DI 10.1007/s11340-010-9365-z
PG 12
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Materials Science,
   Characterization & Testing
SC Materials Science; Mechanics
GA 760PU
UT WOS:000290337100004
ER

PT J
AU Pham, KD
AF Pham, K. D.
TI Performance-Reliability-Aided Decision-Making in Multiperson Quadratic
   Decision Games Against Jamming and Estimation Confrontations
SO JOURNAL OF OPTIMIZATION THEORY AND APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Multiperson quadratic decision game; Jamming confrontations;
   Performance-information analysis; Statistical optimal control;
   Risk-averse decision making
ID STATE ESTIMATION
AB The work presents an attainment of risk-averse cooperative solutions in multi-person, single-objective decision problems for practical situations of the probabilistic (rather than deterministic) nature of performance reliability, its consequences on measuring performance reliability, and the difference between predicting and designing for performance reliability. In particular, some novel research contributions include: (i) closed-loop performance assessment via a performance-information analysis; (ii) cooperative decision selection via a risk-value model; and (iii) risk-averse cooperative decision strategies against confrontations and noncooperation from a malevolent opponent and a stationary environment, respectively.
C1 USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, Albuquerque, NM 87117 USA.
RP Pham, KD (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, Albuquerque, NM 87117 USA.
EM pham.dai.khanh@gmail.com
NR 10
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 3
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0022-3239
J9 J OPTIMIZ THEORY APP
JI J. Optim. Theory Appl.
PD JUN
PY 2011
VL 149
IS 3
BP 599
EP 629
DI 10.1007/s10957-011-9794-6
PG 31
WC Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics, Applied
SC Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics
GA 760SP
UT WOS:000290344400010
ER

PT J
AU del Junco, DJ
   Fox, EE
   Cooper, S
   Goldhagen, M
   Koda, E
   Rogers, D
   Canby-Hagino, E
   Kim, J
   Pettaway, C
   Boyd, DD
AF del Junco, Deborah J.
   Fox, Erin E.
   Cooper, Sharon
   Goldhagen, Marc
   Koda, Erik
   Rogers, David
   Canby-Hagino, Edith
   Kim, Jeri
   Pettaway, Curtis
   Boyd, Douglas D.
TI Increasing Low Risk Prostate Cancer Incidence in United States Air Force
   Servicemen and Selection of Treatments
SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE prostate; prostatic neoplasms; risk; military personnel; continental
   population groups
ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; ACTIVE SURVEILLANCE; RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY; EQUAL
   ACCESS; TIME; OUTCOMES; UPDATE; CREW; MEN
AB Purpose: Periodic Health Assessments have been mandated for United States Air Force servicemen since the mid 1990s. Thus, we determined whether United States Air Force prostate cancer incidence rates increased thereafter and how these tumors segregate into low and intermediate/high risk categories. We also identified treatment choices.
   Materials and Methods: We queried the Department of Defense Automated Central Tumor Registry for prostate cancer diagnosed in United States Air Force servicemen between 1991 and 2008 to determine incidence rates, disease risk category and treatments.
   Results: Age adjusted rates in white active duty servicemen diagnosed for the most recent period of 2005 to 2008 increased 3-fold relative to the rate in the earliest period of 1991 to 1994. A similar trend was evident in black servicemen. Relative to the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results population prostate cancer rates in active duty United States Air Force men between 1995 and 2008 were significantly increased for the 2 racial groups. A significantly greater proportion of active duty servicemen than retirees (62% vs 40%) presented with low risk disease, defined as prostate specific antigen less than 10 ng/ml, Gleason sum less than 7 and clinical stage T1a-T2a. Of those with low risk disease significantly more active duty servicemen elected curative surgery than retirees (93% vs 53%).
   Conclusions: Prostate cancer incidence rates in United States Air Force servicemen have increased with time, exceeding rates in the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results population. While most cases are characterized as low risk, aggressive management is elected.
C1 [Boyd, Douglas D.] Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Canc Biol, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
   [del Junco, Deborah J.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr Houston, Dept Surg, Houston, TX USA.
   [del Junco, Deborah J.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr Houston, Ctr Translat Injury Res, Houston, TX USA.
   [del Junco, Deborah J.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr Houston, Ctr Clin & Translat Sci, Houston, TX USA.
   [Cooper, Sharon] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr Houston, Sch Publ Hlth, Houston, TX USA.
   [Goldhagen, Marc; Rogers, David] USAF, Sch Aerosp Med, San Antonio, TX USA.
   [Canby-Hagino, Edith] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA.
   [Koda, Erik] Tyndall Air Force Base, Med Grp 325, Panama City, FL USA.
RP Boyd, DD (reprint author), Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Canc Biol, Box 173,1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
EM dboyd@mdanderson.org
FU National Institutes of Health/National Center for Research Resources
   [UL1 RR024148]; Ferring; GTX; Centocor
FX Supported by National Institutes of Health/National Center for Research
   Resources Clinical and Translational Science Awards Grant UL1 RR024148
   (DDB, DJdJ and SC).; Financial interest and/or other relationship with
   Ferring, GTX and Centocor.
NR 31
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0022-5347
J9 J UROLOGY
JI J. Urol.
PD JUN
PY 2011
VL 185
IS 6
BP 2137
EP 2142
DI 10.1016/j.juro.2011.02.052
PG 6
WC Urology & Nephrology
SC Urology & Nephrology
GA 761HW
UT WOS:000290389600032
PM 21496842
ER

PT J
AU Wang, GY
   Liaw, PK
   Senkov, ON
   Miracle, DB
AF Wang, Gongyao
   Liaw, Peter K.
   Senkov, Oleg N.
   Miracle, Daniel B.
TI The Duality of Fracture Behavior in a Ca-based Bulk-Metallic Glass
SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND
   MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Bulk Metallic Glasses Conference
CY FEB 14-18, 2010
CL Seattle, WA
ID THERMAL-STABILITY; FORMING ABILITY; MG-ZN; ALLOYS; FRAGILITY; SYSTEM
AB Ca65Mg15Zn20 bulk-metallic glass (BMG) exhibited a typical brittle fracture behavior during compressive loading at room temperature. Samples exploded into many small pieces after elastic deformation and no macroscopic plasticity was observed. The fracture surface demonstrated multiple fracture patterns, including typical metallic-glass vein patterns and glass mirror, mist, and hackle patterns. These observations show that Ca-based BMGs are subjected to multiple brittle fracture modes under compressive loading. Periodic nanoscale corrugations were found in the hackle region, which may indicate local plasticity for the brittle fracture.
C1 [Wang, Gongyao; Liaw, Peter K.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
   [Senkov, Oleg N.; Miracle, Daniel B.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
RP Wang, GY (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
EM gwang@utk.edu
RI Senkov, Oleg/C-7197-2012
OI Senkov, Oleg/0000-0001-5587-415X
NR 34
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 9
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1073-5623
J9 METALL MATER TRANS A
JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci.
PD JUN
PY 2011
VL 42A
IS 6
BP 1499
EP 1503
DI 10.1007/s11661-010-0533-7
PG 5
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
   Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 758PB
UT WOS:000290176100014
ER

PT J
AU Pilchak, AL
   Williams, JC
AF Pilchak, A. L.
   Williams, J. C.
TI The Effect of Friction Stir Processing on the Mechanical Properties of
   Investment Cast and Hot Isostatically Pressed Ti-6Al-4V
SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND
   MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID ROOM-TEMPERATURE DEFORMATION; FATIGUE CRACK INITIATION; TITANIUM-ALLOYS;
   PRIMARY CREEP; ELI ALLOY; MICROSTRUCTURE; WELDS; BEHAVIOR; FRACTURE;
   CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
AB Friction-stir (FS) processing was used to modify the coarse, fully lamellar microstructure of investment cast and hot isostatically pressed (HIP'ed) Ti-6Al-4V. The effect of FS processing on mechanical properties was investigated using microtensile and four-point bend fatigue testing. The tensile results showed a typical microstructure dependence where yield strength and ultimate tensile strength both increased with decreasing slip length. Depending on the processing parameters, fatigue strength at 10(7) cycles was increased by 20 pct or 60 pct over that of the investment cast and HIP'ed base material. These improvements have been verified with a statistically significant number of tests. The results have been discussed in terms of the resistance of each microstructure fatigue crack initiation and small crack propagation. For comparison, a limited number of fatigue tests was performed on alpha + beta forged Ti-6Al-4V with varying primary alpha volume fraction and also on investment cast material heat treated to produce a bi-lamellar condition.
C1 [Pilchak, A. L.] Univ Technol Corp, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
   [Pilchak, A. L.; Williams, J. C.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
RP Pilchak, AL (reprint author), USAF, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Met Proc Grp, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM adam.pilchak@wpafb.af.mil
NR 52
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 4
U2 23
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1073-5623
J9 METALL MATER TRANS A
JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci.
PD JUN
PY 2011
VL 42A
IS 6
BP 1630
EP 1645
DI 10.1007/s11661-010-0547-1
PG 16
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
   Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 758PB
UT WOS:000290176100027
ER

PT J
AU Katta, VR
   Stouffer, S
   Roquemore, WM
AF Katta, V. R.
   Stouffer, Scott
   Roquemore, W. M.
TI Stability of lifted flames in centerbody burner
SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME
LA English
DT Article
DE Flame stability; Diffusion flames; Triple flames; Autoignition; Modeling
ID JET DIFFUSION FLAMES; TRIPLE FLAMES; SOOT FORMATION; PROPAGATION;
   CHEMISTRY; RADIATION; OXIDATION; MODELS; AIR
AB The centerbody burner was designed with the objective of understanding the coupled processes of formation, growth, and burn-off of soot through decoupling them using recirculation zones (RZs). Experimentally it was found that the sooting characteristics of the centerbody burner could be altered dramatically via simple changes in the operating conditions. One of the interesting operating regimes in which a flame lifts off and forms a column of soot was identified when oxygen in the annulus air jet was reduced sufficiently. This paper describes the numerical studies performed to aid the understanding of lifted flames in the centerbody burner. A time-dependent, axisymmetric, detailed-chemistry CFD model is used. Combustion and PAH formation are modeled using the Wang-Frenklach (99 species and 1066 reactions) mechanism, and soot is simulated using a two-equation model of Lindstedt. Calculations have predicted the structure of the lifted flame very well. Two RZs [outer (ORZ) and inner (IRZ)] are formed between the fuel and air jets. A diffusion flame that is lifted-off the centerbody plate anchors steadily to the outer periphery of the ORZ. A near-perfect match between the computed and measured flame lift-off heights is achieved. RZs transport soot that is formed in the flame toward the face of the centerbody and create the soot column. Ethylene and its lighter fuel fragments that are formed in the RZs diffuse toward the annulus air jet and establish a mixing layer with the inwardly diffusing oxygen. Heat diffusing away from the RZs initiates autoignition reactions in the mixing layer. A flame with a triple-flame-base structure becomes established at a location where the ignition-delay time matches the residence time. Soot that is transported into the RZs is found to have a significant effect on the flame lift-off height. Numerical experiments are performed to aid the understanding of the relationship between soot and flame lift-off. Radiation from the soot decreases the temperature, slows the autoignition process, and increases the lift-off height. Soot oxidation consumes 0 and OH radicals, slows the autoignition reactions, and increases the lift-off height. (C) 2010 The Combustion Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Katta, V. R.] Innovat Sci Solut Inc, Dayton, OH 45440 USA.
   [Stouffer, Scott] Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
   [Roquemore, W. M.] USAF, Prop Directorate, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Katta, VR (reprint author), Innovat Sci Solut Inc, 2766 Indian Ripple Rd, Dayton, OH 45440 USA.
EM vrkatta@gmail.com
FU Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP); Air
   Force Research Laboratory
FX Financial support for this work was provided by the Strategic
   Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP, Bruce Sartwell)
   and the Propulsion Directorate of the Air Force Research Laboratory (Dr.
   Tim Edwards). Authors thank Ms. Marian Whitaker for the editorial help.
NR 47
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U1 2
U2 14
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0010-2180
J9 COMBUST FLAME
JI Combust. Flame
PD JUN
PY 2011
VL 158
IS 6
BP 1149
EP 1159
DI 10.1016/j.combustflame.2010.10.022
PG 11
WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary;
   Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA 754AA
UT WOS:000289821800015
ER

PT J
AU Bochove, EJ
   Aceves, AB
   Braiman, Y
   Colet, P
   Deiterding, R
   Jacobo, A
   Miller, CA
   Rhodes, C
   Shakir, SA
AF Bochove, Erik J.
   Aceves, Alejandro B.
   Braiman, Yehuda
   Colet, Pere
   Deiterding, Ralf
   Jacobo, Adrian
   Miller, Casey A.
   Rhodes, Charley
   Shakir, Sami A.
TI Model of the Self-Q-Switching Instability of Passively Phased Fiber
   Laser Arrays
SO IEEE JOURNAL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Fiber lasers; passively phased fiber amplifier arrays; spatial filtering
ID PHOTONIC CRYSTAL FIBER; SUPERMODE SELECTION; HIGH-POWER; BEAM; LOCKING;
   RESONATOR; CAVITY; AREA
AB We present a simple model for self-pulsation instability in passively phased high power optical fiber amplifier arrays with external feedback. Its key features are, first, the feedback level's sensitivity, and thus that of the cavity Q-value, to small phase changes of the array fields, and, second, the effect of refractive index nonlinearity in the amplifiers. The model's prediction of an instability threshold for arrays of at least two amplifiers is confirmed by a linearized stability analysis of a system in ring-cavity geometry, and the magnitudes of predicted power levels are well within the domain of recent experiments.
C1 [Bochove, Erik J.] USAF, Directed Energy Directorate, Res Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87117 USA.
   [Aceves, Alejandro B.] So Methodist Univ, Dept Math, Dallas, TX 75275 USA.
   [Braiman, Yehuda; Deiterding, Ralf; Miller, Casey A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
   [Braiman, Yehuda] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mech Aerosp & Biomed Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
   [Colet, Pere; Jacobo, Adrian] Inst Fis Interdisciplinar & Sistemas Complejos, E-07122 Palma De Mallorca, Spain.
   [Miller, Casey A.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Math Aerosp & Biomed Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
   [Rhodes, Charley] Librat Syst Management Inc, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA.
   [Shakir, Sami A.] TASC Inc, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA.
RP Bochove, EJ (reprint author), USAF, Directed Energy Directorate, Res Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87117 USA.
EM erik.bochove@kirtland.af.mil; aaceves@mail.smu.edu; braimany@ornl.gov;
   pere@ifisc.uib-csic.es; deiter-dingr@ornl.gov; adrian@ifisc.uib-csic.es;
   millerca@ornl.gov; charley@librationsystems.com; sami.shakir@tasc.com
RI Deiterding, Ralf/A-3394-2009; Jacobo, Adrian/F-7081-2010; Colet,
   Pere/A-2472-2011
OI Deiterding, Ralf/0000-0003-4776-8183; Jacobo,
   Adrian/0000-0001-9381-6292; Colet, Pere/0000-0002-5992-6292
FU High Energy Laser Joint Technology Office; Air Force Office of
   Scientific Research
FX Manuscript received October 9, 2010; revised January 6, 2011; accepted
   January 31, 2011. Date of current version April 12, 2011. This work was
   supported in part by the High Energy Laser Joint Technology Office and
   the Air Force Office of Scientific Research.
NR 35
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U1 1
U2 7
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-9197
J9 IEEE J QUANTUM ELECT
JI IEEE J. Quantum Electron.
PD JUN
PY 2011
VL 47
IS 6
BP 777
EP 785
DI 10.1109/JQE.2011.2112637
PG 9
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA 755DP
UT WOS:000289907200001
ER

PT J
AU Pochet, MC
   Naderi, NA
   Kovanis, V
   Lester, LF
AF Pochet, Michael C.
   Naderi, Nader A.
   Kovanis, Vassilios
   Lester, Luke F.
TI Modeling the Dynamic Response of an Optically-Injected Nanostructure
   Diode Laser
SO IEEE JOURNAL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Nonlinear dynamics; nonlinear gain; optical injection; quantum-dash
   laser; semiconductor laser
ID SEMICONDUCTOR-LASER; NONLINEAR DYNAMICS; STABILITY; SUBJECT; LOCKING;
   CHAOS; ENHANCEMENT; BEHAVIOR
AB We reformulate a dimensionless approach to evaluate the operational dynamics of an optically injected nanostructure laser as a function of the injection strength and the detuning frequency to account for the large nonlinear gain component associated with nanostructure lasers through the nonlinear carrier relaxation rate and gain compression coefficient. The large nonlinear carrier relaxation rate and gain compression coefficient are shown to impact the level of stability numerically predicted in the optically injected laser at low injected power levels. The numerical model is verified experimentally by optically injecting a quantum-dash Fabry-Perot laser with an operating wavelength of approximately 1550 nm. The quantum-dash laser's large damping rate, gain compression coefficient, and sufficiently small linewidth enhancement factor are observed to inhibit period-doubling and chaotic operation under zero frequency-detuning conditions. The inclusion of the nonlinear carrier relaxation rate in the simulation is shown to greatly enhance the agreement between the numerical predictions and the experimentally observed dynamics.
C1 [Pochet, Michael C.] USAF, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Naderi, Nader A.; Lester, Luke F.] Univ New Mexico, Ctr High Technol Mat, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA.
   [Kovanis, Vassilios] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Pochet, MC (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM Michael.pochet@afit.edu; nader@unm.edu; vassilios.kovanis@wpafb.af.mil
FU U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory [FA9550-10-1-0276]; Air Force Office
   of Scientific Research Laboratory Research Initiation Request
   [09RY04COR]
FX Manuscript received September 24, 2010; revised February 16, 2011;
   accepted March 1, 2011. Date of current version April 26, 2011. This
   work was supported in part by the U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory
   under Grant FA9550-10-1-0276. The work of V. Kovanis was supported by
   the Air Force Office of Scientific Research Laboratory Research
   Initiation Request under Contract 09RY04COR.
NR 27
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 1
U2 7
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-9197
J9 IEEE J QUANTUM ELECT
JI IEEE J. Quantum Electron.
PD JUN
PY 2011
VL 47
IS 6
BP 827
EP 833
DI 10.1109/JQE.2011.2124445
PG 7
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA 755LU
UT WOS:000289933500003
ER

PT J
AU Gunzelmann, G
   Moore, LR
   Salvucci, DD
   Gluck, KA
AF Gunzelmann, Glenn
   Moore, L. Richard, Jr.
   Salvucci, Dario D.
   Gluck, Kevin A.
TI Sleep loss and driver performance: Quantitative predictions with zero
   free parameters
SO COGNITIVE SYSTEMS RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 7th International Conference on Cognitive Modeling (ICCM2009)
CY JUL 23-26, 2009
CL Univ Manchester, Manchester, ENGLAND
HO Univ Manchester
DE Driver behavior; Fatigue; Computational model; Sustained attention;
   Sleep deprivation
ID BIOMATHEMATICAL MODELS; COGNITIVE PERFORMANCE; SUBJECTIVE ALERTNESS;
   MATHEMATICAL-MODEL; INTEGRATED THEORY; FATIGUE; ACCIDENTS; AROUSAL;
   HUMANS
AB Fatigue has been implicated in an alarming number of motor vehicle accidents, costing billions of dollars and thousands of lives. Unfortunately, the ability to predict performance impairments in complex task domains like driving is limited by a gap in our understanding of the explanatory mechanisms. In this paper, we describe an attempt to generate a priori predictions of degradations in driver performance due to sleep deprivation. We accomplish this by integrating an existing account of the effects of sleep loss and circadian rhythms on sustained attention performance with a validated model of driver behavior. The predicted results account for published qualitative trends for driving across multiple days of restricted sleep and total sleep deprivation. The quantitative results show that the model's performance is worse at baseline and degrades less severely than human driving, and expose some critical areas for future research. Overall, the results illustrate the potential value of model reuse and integration for improving our understanding of important psychological phenomena and for making useful predictions of performance in applied, naturalistic task contexts. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Gunzelmann, Glenn] USAF, Res Lab, RHAC, Mesa, AZ 85212 USA.
   [Moore, L. Richard, Jr.] Lockheed Martin AF Res Lab, Mesa, AZ 85212 USA.
   [Salvucci, Dario D.] Drexel Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
RP Gunzelmann, G (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, RHAC, 6030 S Kent St, Mesa, AZ 85212 USA.
EM glenn.gunzelmann@us.af.mil
RI Salvucci, Dario/K-9212-2014
OI Salvucci, Dario/0000-0001-8812-4996
NR 36
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 4
U2 10
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1389-0417
J9 COGN SYST RES
JI Cogn. Syst. Res.
PD JUN
PY 2011
VL 12
IS 2
BP 154
EP 163
DI 10.1016/j.cogsys.2010.07.009
PG 10
WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Neurosciences; Psychology,
   Experimental
SC Computer Science; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychology
GA 730CK
UT WOS:000288008100009
ER

PT J
AU McHale, SR
   McClory, JW
   Petrosky, JC
   Wu, J
   Palai, R
   Dowben, PA
   Ketsman, I
AF McHale, S. R.
   McClory, J. W.
   Petrosky, J. C.
   Wu, J.
   Palai, R.
   Dowben, P. A.
   Ketsman, I.
TI The effective surface Debye temperature of Yb:GaN
SO MATERIALS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Effective surface Debye temperature; Ytterbium doping; GaN thin films
ID GAN POWDERS; TRANSITION; SCATTERING; AU(111)
AB The effective Debye temperature of ytterbium and gallium in Yb:GaN thin films has been obtained using X-ray photoemission spectroscopy. The vibrational motion normal to the surface results in a dimunition of photoemission intensities from which we have estimated the effective Debye temperatures of 221 +/- 30 K and 308 +/- 30 K for Yb and Ga, respectively. The difference between the measured values for Yb and Ga suggests that the Debye temperatures are influenced by the local environment. The smaller effective surface Debye temperature for Yb correlates to a soft, strained surface, possibly due to an increased Yb-N bond length as compared to the Ga-N bond length. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [McHale, S. R.; McClory, J. W.; Petrosky, J. C.] USAF, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Wu, J.; Palai, R.] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Phys, San Juan, PR 00931 USA.
   [Wu, J.; Palai, R.] Univ Puerto Rico, Inst Funct Nanomat, San Juan, PR 00931 USA.
   [Palai, R.; Dowben, P. A.; Ketsman, I.] Univ Nebraska, Nebraska Ctr Mat & Nanosci, Dept Phys & Astron, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA.
RP McHale, SR (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, 2950 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM stephen.mchale@afit.edu; john.mcclory@afit.edu
OI McClory, John/0000-0002-4303-2729
FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA); Nebraska Materials Science and
   Engineering Center; Institute for Functional Nanomaterials; NASA
FX This work was supported by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA),
   the Nebraska Materials Science and Engineering Center, the Institute for
   Functional Nanomaterials, and NASA-IDEA-PR.
NR 21
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U1 0
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-577X
J9 MATER LETT
JI Mater. Lett.
PD MAY 31
PY 2011
VL 65
IS 10
BP 1476
EP 1478
DI 10.1016/j.matlet.2011.02.042
PG 3
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA 757KR
UT WOS:000290084400012
ER

PT J
AU Chang, YC
   Xu, H
   Xu, YT
   Lu, Z
   Chiu, YH
   Levandier, DJ
   Ng, CY
AF Chang, Yih Chung
   Xu, Hong
   Xu, Yuntao
   Lu, Zhou
   Chiu, Yu-Hui
   Levandier, Dale J.
   Ng, C. Y.
TI Communication: Rovibrationally selected study of the N-2(+)(X; v(+)=1,
   N+=0-8)+Ar charge transfer reaction using the vacuum ultraviolet laser
   pulsed field ionization-photoion method
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID STATE CROSS-SECTIONS; THERMAL ENERGIES; HIGH-RESOLUTION; SPECTROSCOPY;
   AR++N2REVERSIBLEN2++AR; DYNAMICS
AB By employing an electric field pulsing scheme for vacuum ultraviolet laser pulsed field ionization-photoion (PFI-PI) measurements, we have been able to prepare a rovibrationally selected PFI-PI beam of N-2(+)(v(+) = 1, N+) with not only high intensity and high quantum state purity, but also high kinetic energy resolution, allowing absolute total cross sections [sigma(v(+) = 1, N+)] for the N-2(+)(X; v(+) = 1, N+) + Ar, N+ = 0-8 charge transfer reaction to be measured at center-of-mass collision energies (E-cm) down to thermal energies. The sigma(v(+) = 1, N+ = 0-8) values determined at Ecm = 0.04-10.00 eV are in good agreement with the theoretical predictions based on the Landau-Zener-Stuckelberg formulism. Taking into account the experimental uncertainties, the sigma(v(+) = 1, N+), N+ = 0-8, measured at E-cm = 1.56 eV are found to be independent of N+. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3596748]
C1 [Chang, Yih Chung; Xu, Hong; Xu, Yuntao; Lu, Zhou; Ng, C. Y.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
   [Chiu, Yu-Hui; Levandier, Dale J.] USAF, Res Lab, SpaceVehicle Directorate, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
RP Ng, CY (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
EM cyng@chem.ucdavis.edu
RI Chang, Yih/H-7445-2013; Xu, Yuntao/G-1896-2015
OI Chang, Yih/0000-0002-3763-1864; 
FU AFOSR [FA9550-06-1-0073]; NASA [07-PATM07-0012]; DOE
   [DE-FG02-02ER15306]; NSF [CHE 0910488]
FX This work was supported by the AFOSR Grant No. FA9550-06-1-0073 and the
   NASA Planetary Atmospheres Program Grant No. 07-PATM07-0012. Partial
   supports by the DOE Contract No. DE-FG02-02ER15306 and the NSF
   Experimental Physical Program Grant No. CHE 0910488 are also gratefully
   acknowledged.
NR 23
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U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
EI 1089-7690
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD MAY 28
PY 2011
VL 134
IS 20
AR 201105
DI 10.1063/1.3596748
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 770SD
UT WOS:000291107900005
PM 21639416
ER

PT J
AU Kuo, S
   Snyder, A
   Kossey, P
   Chang, CL
   Labenski, J
AF Kuo, Spencer
   Snyder, Arnold
   Kossey, Paul
   Chang, Chia-Lie
   Labenski, John
TI VLF wave generation by beating of two HF waves in the ionosphere
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID MODULATED POLAR ELECTROJET; THERMAL-INSTABILITY; ELF RADIATION
AB Theory of a beat-wave mechanism for very low frequency (VLF) wave generation in the ionosphere is presented. The VLF current is produced by beating two high power HF waves of slightly different frequencies through the nonlinearity and inhomogeneity of the ionospheric plasma. Theory also shows that the density irregularities can enhance the beat-wave generation. An experiment was conducted by transmitting two high power HF waves of 3.2 MHz and 3.2 MHz + f, where f = 5, 8, 13, and 2.02 kHz, from the HAARP transmitter. In the experiment, the ionosphere was underdense to the O-mode heater, i.e., the heater frequency f(0) > foF2, and overdense or slightly underdense to the X-mode heater, i.e., f(0) < fxF2 or f(0) >= fxF2. The radiation intensity increased with the VLF wave frequency, was much stronger with the X-mode heaters, and was not sensitive to the electrojet. The strongest VLF radiation of 13 kHz was generated when the reflection layer of the X-mode heater was just slightly below the foF2 layer and the spread of the O-mode sounding echoes had the largest enhancement, suggesting an optimal setting for beat-wave generation of VLF waves by the HF heaters. Citation: Kuo, S., A. Snyder, P. Kossey, C.-L. Chang, and J. Labenski (2011), VLF wave generation by beating of two HF waves in the ionosphere, Geophys. Res. Lett., 38, L10608, doi:10.1029/2011GL047514.
C1 [Kuo, Spencer] NYU, Polytech Inst, New York, NY 11201 USA.
   [Kossey, Paul] USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, AFRL RVBXI, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
   [Chang, Chia-Lie; Labenski, John] BAE Syst Technol Solut, Arlington, VA 22201 USA.
   [Snyder, Arnold] NW Res Associates Inc, Stockton Springs, ME 04981 USA.
RP Kuo, S (reprint author), NYU, Polytech Inst, 6 MetroTech Cent, New York, NY 11201 USA.
EM skuo@duke.poly.edu
FU High Frequency Active Auroral Research Program (HAARP); AFRL at Hanscom
   AFB, MA; Office of Naval Research [ONR-N00014-05-1-0109]; North West
   Research Associates, Inc. under Air Force Research Laboratory
   [FA8718-08-C-0049]; DARPA-DSO
FX We are grateful to Michael McCarrick, David Seafolk-Kopp, Benjamin
   Uscinski and Travis Million for their operation of the HAARP facility
   and to James Battis for useful discussions. This work was supported by
   the High Frequency Active Auroral Research Program (HAARP), AFRL at
   Hanscom AFB, MA, and by the Office of Naval Research, grant
   ONR-N00014-05-1-0109. Part of the financial support was arranged through
   North West Research Associates, Inc. under Air Force Research Laboratory
   contract FA8718-08-C-0049. Two of the authors (CLC and JL) would like to
   acknowledge support from DARPA-DSO.
NR 24
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD MAY 27
PY 2011
VL 38
AR L10608
DI 10.1029/2011GL047514
PG 5
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 770PV
UT WOS:000291101900004
ER

PT J
AU Woodward, WH
   Eyet, N
   Shuman, NS
   Smith, JC
   Viggiano, AA
   Castleman, AW
AF Woodward, W. Hunter
   Eyet, Nicole
   Shuman, Nicholas S.
   Smith, Jordan C.
   Viggiano, Albert A.
   Castleman, A. W., Jr.
TI Aluminum Cluster Anion Reactivity with Singlet Oxygen: Evidence of
   Al-9(-) Stability
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
LA English
DT Article
ID METAL-CLUSTERS; IONS; O-2
AB Recently, it was discovered that specific aluminum clusters (e.g., Al-13(-)) that demonstrate enhanced resistance to reactivity with oxygen may do so not only because of a closed electronic jellium shell as originally supposed but also because of a forbidden spin-flip in the transition state of the reaction. Herein, we discuss an experiment using a multiple-species laminar flow reaction vessel coupled to a singlet oxygen generator. The present results suggest that all clusters react with singlet oxygen. Additionally, we observe Al-9(-), a cluster previously unidentified as having any notable stability, as being resistant to reaction with triplet oxygen. Furthermore, we discuss a means of estimating rate constants in a multiple-species flow tube where the products and reactants do not allow the use of traditional methods.
C1 [Eyet, Nicole; Shuman, Nicholas S.; Viggiano, Albert A.] USAF, Space Vehicles Directorate, Res Lab, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
   [Woodward, W. Hunter; Smith, Jordan C.; Castleman, A. W., Jr.] Penn State Univ, Dept Chem & Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
   [Eyet, Nicole] St Anselm Coll, Dept Chem, Manchester, NH 03102 USA.
RP Viggiano, AA (reprint author), USAF, Space Vehicles Directorate, Res Lab, 29 Randolph Rd, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
EM afrl.rvb.pa@hanscom.af.mil; awc@psu.edu
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-10-1-0071 (PSU), 2303EP4
   (AFRL)]; Institute for Scientific Research of Boston College
   [FA8718-04-C-0055]
FX We gratefully acknowledge financial support from the Air Force Office of
   Scientific Research through Grant Nos. FA9550-10-1-0071 (PSU) and
   2303EP4 (AFRL). N.E. acknowledges funding from the Institute for
   Scientific Research of Boston College (FA8718-04-C-0055).
NR 24
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 14
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1932-7447
J9 J PHYS CHEM C
JI J. Phys. Chem. C
PD MAY 26
PY 2011
VL 115
IS 20
BP 9903
EP 9908
DI 10.1021/jp2008418
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science,
   Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 764SF
UT WOS:000290652200010
ER

PT J
AU Wang, DH
   Lee, KM
   Yu, ZN
   Koerner, H
   Vaia, RA
   White, TJ
   Tan, LS
AF Wang, David H.
   Lee, Kyung Min
   Yu, Zhenning
   Koerner, Hilmar
   Vaia, Richard A.
   White, Timothy J.
   Tan, Loon-Seng
TI Photomechanical Response of Glassy Azobenzene Polyimide Networks
SO MACROMOLECULES
LA English
DT Article
ID CONTAINING POLYMERS; ACTUATORS; LIGHT; FILMS; PHOTOCHROMISM;
   CHROMOPHORES; COMPOSITES; BEHAVIOR; MOTIONS; DEVICES
AB We report the synthesis of amorphous, heat-resistant (T-g ranging from 220 to 246 degrees C) polyimides cross-linked with a novel tris(azobenzeneamine) cross-linker and. examine the photodirected bending of cantilevers composed of these materials to exposure to linearly polarized, 442 nm light. Increasing the cross-linker concentration from 5 to 20 mol % in the network not only serves to increase the T-g and modulus but also results in a considerable increase in photomechanical response observed as an increase in bending angle from 5 degrees to 20 degrees. Adjustment of the orientation of the electric field of the light polarization to the cantilever axis is shown to generate forward and backward (bidirectional) bending. Upon removal of the incident light, the cantilevers exhibit photoelastic behavior by restoring to the original vertical position.
C1 [Wang, David H.; Lee, Kyung Min; Yu, Zhenning; Koerner, Hilmar; Vaia, Richard A.; White, Timothy J.; Tan, Loon-Seng] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Wang, David H.; Koerner, Hilmar] UES Inc, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
   [Lee, Kyung Min] Azimuth Inc, Roanoke, VA USA.
   [Yu, Zhenning] Wright State Univ, Dayton, OH 45435 USA.
RP White, TJ (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM Timothy.White2@wpafb.af.mil; loon-seng.tan@wpafb.af.mil
RI Yu, Zhenning/A-2011-2010; Wang, David/F-7492-2013; White,
   Timothy/D-4392-2012; Tan, Loon-Seng/F-6985-2012
OI Wang, David/0000-0001-6710-7265; Tan, Loon-Seng/0000-0002-2134-9290
FU Materials and Manufacturing Directorate; Air Force Office of Scientific
   Research
FX This work was completed at Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) at
   Wright Patterson Air Force Base with funding from Materials and
   Manufacturing Directorate as well as Air Force Office of Scientific
   Research. We are grateful to Marlene Houtz (University of Dayton
   Research Institute) for DMA data and Robert Strong (UES) for tensile
   testing data.
NR 49
TC 61
Z9 62
U1 4
U2 62
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0024-9297
J9 MACROMOLECULES
JI Macromolecules
PD MAY 24
PY 2011
VL 44
IS 10
BP 3840
EP 3846
DI 10.1021/ma200427q
PG 7
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 762WE
UT WOS:000290511500021
ER

PT J
AU Dao, E
   Kelley, MC
   Roddy, P
   Retterer, J
   Ballenthin, JO
   de La Beaujardiere, O
   Su, YJ
AF Dao, E.
   Kelley, M. C.
   Roddy, P.
   Retterer, J.
   Ballenthin, J. O.
   de La Beaujardiere, O.
   Su, Y. -J.
TI Longitudinal and seasonal dependence of nighttime equatorial plasma
   density irregularities during solar minimum detected on the C/NOFS
   satellite
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID LATENT-HEAT RELEASE; TIDES; MODEL; THERMOSPHERE; EVOLUTION
AB During the night in the F region about the equator, plasma density depletions form, causing scintillation. In April 2008, the Communications/Navigation Outage Forecasting System (C/NOFS) satellite developed by the Air Force Research Laboratory was launched to predict ionospheric scintillation. Using its Planar Langmuir Probe (PLP), C/NOFS is capable of measuring in situ ion density within the F region over the equator. Plasma irregularities are found regularly during the night. We examine how these irregularities depend on longitude, latitude, and season. The most significant observations from this study are longitudinal structures in which these irregularities most frequently occur. Since similar structure has been found in diurnal tides, we conclude that lower atmospheric tides may play a strong role in determining the amplitude of equatorial irregularities, at least during low solar minimum conditions when the presented observations were made. We propose that this link is likely related to the generation of zonal electric fields by the E-region dynamo. Citation: Dao, E., M. C. Kelley, P. Roddy, J. Retterer, J. O. Ballenthin, O. de La Beaujardiere, and Y.-J. Su (2011), Longitudinal and seasonal dependence of nighttime equatorial plasma density irregularities during solar minimum detected on the C/NOFS satellite, Geophys. Res. Lett., 38, L10104, doi:10.1029/2011GL047046.
C1 [Dao, E.; Kelley, M. C.] Cornell Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
   [Roddy, P.; Retterer, J.; Ballenthin, J. O.; de La Beaujardiere, O.] USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
   [Su, Y. -J.] USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA.
RP Dao, E (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, 318 Rhodes Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
EM mikek@ece.cornell.edu
FU Air Force Research Laboratory; Department of Defense; National
   Aeronautics and Space Administration; Naval Research Laboratory;
   Aerospace Corporation; NASA [NNH09AK05I]; Air Force Office of Scientific
   Research [FA9550-05-0160]; National Science Foundation [ATM-0535432]
FX The C/NOFS mission is supported by the Air Force Research Laboratory,
   the Department of Defense Space Test Program, the National Aeronautics
   and Space Administration, the Naval Research Laboratory, and the
   Aerospace Corporation. The analysis was supported in part by NASA grant
   NNH09AK05I to the Air Force Research Laboratory. Work at Cornell was
   supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under grant
   FA9550-05-0160 and by the National Science Foundation under grant
   ATM-0535432.
NR 18
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD MAY 21
PY 2011
VL 38
AR L10104
DI 10.1029/2011GL047046
PG 7
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 767RB
UT WOS:000290872600001
ER

PT J
AU Marconi, VC
   Grandits, G
   Okulicz, JF
   Wortmann, G
   Ganesan, A
   Crum-Cianflone, N
   Polis, M
   Landrum, M
   Dolan, MJ
   Ahuja, SK
   Agan, B
   Kulkarni, H
AF Marconi, Vincent C.
   Grandits, Greg
   Okulicz, Jason F.
   Wortmann, Glenn
   Ganesan, Anuradha
   Crum-Cianflone, Nancy
   Polis, Michael
   Landrum, Michael
   Dolan, Matthew J.
   Ahuja, Sunil K.
   Agan, Brian
   Kulkarni, Hemant
CA Infect Dis Clinical Res Program
TI Cumulative Viral Load and Virologic Decay Patterns after Antiretroviral
   Therapy in HIV-Infected Subjects Influence CD4 Recovery and AIDS
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID PROTEASE INHIBITOR THERAPY; VIRUS TYPE-1 RNA; TERM-FOLLOW-UP; CELL
   COUNT; HIV-1-INFECTED PATIENTS; DISEASE PROGRESSION; DRUG-RESISTANCE;
   INTERMITTENT VIREMIA; PROGNOSTIC MARKERS; CLINICAL-OUTCOMES
AB Background: The impact of viral load (VL) decay and cumulative VL on CD4 recovery and AIDS after highly-active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is unknown.
   Methods and Findings: Three virologic kinetic parameters (first year and overall exponential VL decay constants, and first year VL slope) and cumulative VL during HAART were estimated for 2,278 patients who initiated HAART in the U. S. Military HIV Natural History Study. CD4 and VL trajectories were computed using linear and nonlinear Generalized Estimating Equations models. Multivariate Poisson and linear regression models were used to determine associations of VL parameters with CD4 recovery, adjusted for factors known to correlate with immune recovery. Cumulative VL higher than the sample median was independently associated with an increased risk of AIDS (relative risk 2.38, 95% confidence interval 1.56-3.62, p < 0.001). Among patients with VL suppression, first year VL decay and slope were independent predictors of early CD4 recovery (p = 0.001) and overall gain (p < 0.05). Despite VL suppression, those with slow decay during the first year of HAART as well as during the entire therapy period (overall), in general, gained less CD4 cells compared to the other subjects (133 vs. 195.4 cells/mu L; p = 0.001) even after adjusting for potential confounders.
   Conclusions: In a cohort with free access to healthcare, independent of established predictors of AIDS and CD4 recovery during HAART, cumulative VL and virologic decay patterns were associated with AIDS and distinct aspects of CD4 reconstitution.
C1 [Marconi, Vincent C.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
   [Marconi, Vincent C.; Grandits, Greg; Okulicz, Jason F.; Wortmann, Glenn; Ganesan, Anuradha; Crum-Cianflone, Nancy; Polis, Michael; Landrum, Michael; Agan, Brian] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Infect Dis Clin Res Program, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
   [Grandits, Greg] Univ Minnesota, Div Biostat, Minneapolis, MN USA.
   [Okulicz, Jason F.; Landrum, Michael] Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA.
   [Wortmann, Glenn] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA.
   [Ganesan, Anuradha] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Infect Dis Clin, Bethesda, MD USA.
   [Crum-Cianflone, Nancy] USN, Infect Dis Clin, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
   [Polis, Michael] NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
   [Dolan, Matthew J.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Henry M Jackson Fdn, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
   [Ahuja, Sunil K.; Kulkarni, Hemant] S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Vet Adm Res Ctr AIDS & HIV 1 Infect, San Antonio, TX USA.
   [Ahuja, Sunil K.; Kulkarni, Hemant] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA.
   [Ahuja, Sunil K.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA.
RP Marconi, VC (reprint author), Emory Univ, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
EM vcmarco@emory.edu; kulkarnih@uthscsa.edu
RI Marconi, Vincent/N-3210-2014; 
OI Marconi, Vincent/0000-0001-8409-4689; Polis,
   Michael/0000-0002-9151-2268; Agan, Brian/0000-0002-5114-1669
FU Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program [IDCRP-000-03]; Department
   of Defense through the Uniformed Services University of the Health
   Sciences; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases,
   National Institutes of Health [Y1-AI-5072]; Veterans Administration
   Center on AIDS and HIV infection of the South Texas Veterans Health Care
   System; NIH [R37046326]; VA; Elizabeth Glaser Scientist Award; Burroughs
   Wellcome Clinical Scientist Award; Doris Duke Distinguished Clinical
   Scientist Award
FX Support for this work (IDCRP-000-03) was provided by the Infectious
   Disease Clinical Research Program, a Department of Defense program
   executed through the Uniformed Services University of the Health
   Sciences. This project has been funded in whole, or in part, with
   federal funds from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious
   Diseases, National Institutes of Health, under Inter-Agency Agreement
   Y1-AI-5072. This work was also supported by the Veterans Administration
   Center on AIDS and HIV infection of the South Texas Veterans Health Care
   System, and a MERIT (R37046326) award from the NIH to SKA. SKA is also
   supported by a VA MERIT award and is a recipient of the Elizabeth Glaser
   Scientist Award, the Burroughs Wellcome Clinical Scientist Award in
   Translational Research, and the Doris Duke Distinguished Clinical
   Scientist Award. The funders had no role in study design, data
   collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the
   manuscript.
NR 63
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U1 2
U2 7
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD MAY 20
PY 2011
VL 6
IS 5
AR e17956
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0017956
PG 9
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 766OI
UT WOS:000290793400001
PM 21625477
ER

PT J
AU Lai, PC
   Lin, CS
   Burke, WJ
   Huang, CM
   Chen, MQ
AF Lai, Pei-Chen
   Lin, Chin S.
   Burke, William J.
   Huang, Chien-Ming
   Chen, Ming-Quey
TI COSMIC observations of dayside total electron content enhancements in
   response to moderate disturbances in the solar wind
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID TRANSPOLAR POTENTIAL SATURATION; GREAT MAGNETIC STORM; HILL MODEL; MARCH
   1989; FIELD; IONOSPHERE; PENETRATION; EXPLORER; STREAMS; SYSTEM
AB We have analyzed measurements from the Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere and Climate (COSMIC) satellites acquired during an 81 day interval in late 2007 to study total electron content (TEC) responses of the dayside ionosphere during three consecutive passes of a high-speed stream (HSS) in the solar wind by Earth. During the second encounter the HSS arrival was closely preceded by the arrival at the first Lagrange point L(1) of an interplanetary coronal mass ejection (ICME). In all cases the corotating interaction region (CIR) at the HSS's leading edge was characterized by increases in both n(SW) and T(P) above predisturbance levels, and large-amplitude oscillations in all interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) components. The solar wind events induced moderate magnetic storm activity; the minimum Dst of -71 nT occurred during the second encounter. TEC enhancements appeared at low-magnetic to midmagnetic latitudes during the ICME/CIR-driven storm. Some increases exceeded quiet time values by factors of similar to 110%. In the absence of local auroral electron precipitation to create new plasma in the magnetic latitude domain of COSMIC measurements, the detected TEC increases must reflect transport effects. The COSMIC main phase observations of dayside TEC enhancement are explained as being caused by an ionospheric storm time "fountain" effect driven by weak (<1 mV/m) penetration electric fields. Our observations suggest that penetration dawn-to-dusk electric fields cause plasma to drift upward and toward higher latitudes. Plasma and field measurements from the Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE) allow estimates of penetration electric fields that we mapped to the ionosphere to calculate plasma transport velocities. We argue that observed TEC dynamics reflect the interplay between storm time transport and the production/loss histories of plasma parcels as they rotate around Earth.
C1 [Lai, Pei-Chen; Huang, Chien-Ming; Chen, Ming-Quey] Natl Cent Univ, Inst Space Sci, Jhongli 32001, Taiwan.
   [Lai, Pei-Chen; Burke, William J.] Boston Coll, Inst Sci Res, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 USA.
   [Lin, Chin S.] USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
RP Lai, PC (reprint author), Natl Cent Univ, Inst Space Sci, 300 Jhongda Rd, Jhongli 32001, Taiwan.
EM chin.lin@us.af.mil
FU Taiwan's National Space Organization (NSPO) [98-NSPO(B)-IC-FA07-01 (G)];
   NSC [NSC-98-2111-M-008-006]; U.S. Air Force [FA8718-08-C-0012]; Boston
   College
FX This study is supported by Taiwan's National Space Organization (NSPO)
   grant 98-NSPO(B)-IC-FA07-01 (G), NSC grant NSC-98-2111-M-008-006, and
   partially by U.S. Air Force contract FA8718-08-C-0012 with Boston
   College. COSMIC data are provided by NSPO and the University Corporation
   for Atmospheric Research (UCAR). The authors are very grateful for
   Louise C. Gentile of AFRL taking time to proofread the manuscript.
   Development of UCAR's COSMIC Data Analysis and Archival Center (CDAAC)
   is primarily supported by the National Science Foundation and the
   National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. We also thank the ACE
   Solar Wind Electron Proton Alpha Monitor (SWEPAM) and magnetometer (MAG)
   instrument teams, and the ACE Science Center for providing the ACE data.
   We are also very grateful for the technical staff at the University of
   Kyoto World Data Center who made the Dst and Sym-H indices available in
   support of our analysis.
NR 71
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0148-0227
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD MAY 20
PY 2011
VL 116
AR A05318
DI 10.1029/2010JA015772
PG 18
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 767RY
UT WOS:000290874900001
ER

PT J
AU Budd, GT
   Barlow, WE
   Moore, HCF
   Hobday, TJ
   Stewart, JA
   Isaacs, C
   Salim, M
   Cho, JK
   Rinn, K
   Albain, KS
   Chew, HK
   Burton, GV
   Moore, TD
   Srkalovic, G
   McGregor, BA
   Flaherty, LE
   Livingston, RB
   Lew, D
   Gralow, J
   Hortobagyi, GN
AF Budd, G. T.
   Barlow, W. E.
   Moore, H. C. F.
   Hobday, T. J.
   Stewart, J. A.
   Isaacs, C.
   Salim, M.
   Cho, J. K.
   Rinn, K.
   Albain, K. S.
   Chew, H. K.
   Burton, G. V.
   Moore, T. D.
   Srkalovic, G.
   McGregor, B. A.
   Flaherty, L. E.
   Livingston, R. B.
   Lew, D.
   Gralow, J.
   Hortobagyi, G. N.
CA SWOG
TI First analysis of SWOG S0221: A phase III trial comparing chemotherapy
   schedules in high-risk early breast cancer.
SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Cleveland Clin, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA.
   Canc Res & Biostat, Seattle, WA USA.
   Mayo Clin, Rochester, MN USA.
   Baystate Med Ctr, Reg Canc Program, Springfield, MA USA.
   Georgetown Univ, Lombardi Comprehens Canc Ctr, Washington, DC USA.
   Allan Blair Canc Ctr, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
   Oncare Hawaii, Honolulu, HI USA.
   Swedish Canc Inst, Seattle, WA USA.
   Loyola Univ, Med Ctr, Maywood, IL 60153 USA.
   Calif State Univ Sacramento, Davis Canc Ctr, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
   Louisiana State Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71105 USA.
   Mid Ohio Oncol Hematol Inc, Columbus, OH USA.
   Sparrow Reg Canc Ctr, Lansing, MI USA.
   Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
   Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI USA.
   Arizona Canc Ctr, Tucson, AZ USA.
   Southwest Oncol Grp Stat Ctr, Seattle, WA USA.
   Seattle Canc Care Alliance, Seattle, WA USA.
   Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 2318 MILL ROAD, STE 800, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA
SN 0732-183X
EI 1527-7755
J9 J CLIN ONCOL
JI J. Clin. Oncol.
PD MAY 20
PY 2011
VL 29
IS 15
SU S
MA 1004
PG 1
WC Oncology
SC Oncology
GA V31JQ
UT WOS:000208880300143
PM 28020775
ER

PT J
AU Yu, DS
   Park, K
   Durstock, M
   Dai, LM
AF Yu, Dingshan
   Park, Kyusoon
   Durstock, Michael
   Dai, Liming
TI Fullerene-Grafted Graphene for Efficient Bulk Heterojunction Polymer
   Photovoltaic Devices
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID CARBON NANOTUBES; RAMAN-SPECTRA; SOLAR-CELLS; FILMS; OXIDE; TRANSPARENT;
   C-60; COMPOSITES; ELECTRODES; ROUTE
AB A simple lithiation reaction was developed to covalently attach monosubstituted C-60 onto graphene nanosheets. Detailed spectroscopic (e.g., Fourier transform infrared, Raman) analyses indicated that C-60 molecules were covalently attached onto the graphene surface through monosubstitution. Transmission electron microscopic (TEM) observation revealed that these monosubstituted C-60 moieties acted as nucleation centers to promote the formation of C-60 aggregates of similar to 5 nm in diameter on the graphene surface. The resultant C-60-grafted graphene nanosheets were used as electron acceptors in poly-(3-hexylthiophene)-based bulk heterojunction solar cells to significantly improve the electron transport, and hence the overall device performance, yielding a power conversion efficiency of similar to 1.22%.
C1 [Yu, Dingshan; Dai, Liming] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Dept Macromol Sci & Engn, Case Sch Engn, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA.
   [Park, Kyusoon] LS Mtron Ltd, Adv R&D Ctr, Components Technol Grp, Anyang 431080, Gyeonggi Do, South Korea.
   [Durstock, Michael] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, RXBP, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Dai, LM (reprint author), Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Dept Macromol Sci & Engn, Case Sch Engn, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA.
EM liming.dai@case.edu
RI Yu, Dingshan/C-8881-2014; 
OI Yu, Dingshan/0000-0002-7650-5131; Yu, Dingshan/0000-0002-2913-2432
FU AFOSR [FA9550-09-1-0331]
FX The authors acknowledge the support from AFOSR (FA9550-09-1-0331).
NR 44
TC 109
Z9 111
U1 2
U2 93
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1948-7185
J9 J PHYS CHEM LETT
JI J. Phys. Chem. Lett.
PD MAY 19
PY 2011
VL 2
IS 10
BP 1113
EP 1118
DI 10.1021/jz200428y
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science,
   Multidisciplinary; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
   Physics
GA 767GQ
UT WOS:000290843700001
PM 26295311
ER

PT J
AU Senkov, ON
   Scott, JM
   Senkova, SV
   Miracle, DB
   Woodward, CF
AF Senkov, O. N.
   Scott, J. M.
   Senkova, S. V.
   Miracle, D. B.
   Woodward, C. F.
TI Microstructure and room temperature properties of a high-entropy
   TaNbHfZrTi alloy
SO JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
LA English
DT Article
DE Alloy design; Crystallography; Microstructure; Mechanical properties
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; COMPRESSIVE PROPERTIES; ELEMENTS
AB A new refractory alloy, Ta20Nb20Hf20Zr20Ti20, produced by vacuum arc-melting followed by hot isostatic pressing (HIPing) at T = 1473 K and P = 207 MPa for 3 h has predominantly a single-phase body-centered cubic (BCC) structure with the lattice parameter alpha = 340.4 pm. The alloy density and Vickers microhardness are rho = 9.94 g/cm(3) and H-v = 3826 MPa. The alloy has high compression yield strength (sigma(0.2) = 929 MPa) and ductility (epsilon > 50%). The alloy shows considerable strain hardening and homogeneous deformation. A simple model of solid- solution strengthening is proposed to explain the behavior. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Senkov, O. N.; Scott, J. M.; Senkova, S. V.] Universal Energy Syst Inc, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
   [Senkov, O. N.; Scott, J. M.; Senkova, S. V.; Miracle, D. B.; Woodward, C. F.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Senkov, ON (reprint author), Universal Energy Syst Inc, 4401 Dayton Xenia Rd, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
EM oleg.senkov@wpafb.af.mil
RI Senkov, Oleg/C-7197-2012
OI Senkov, Oleg/0000-0001-5587-415X
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research; USAF [FA8650-10-D-5226]
FX Discussions with Drs. D. Dimiduk, P. Martin, S. Rao and G. Wilks are
   recognized. This work was supported through the Air Force Office of
   Scientific Research (Dr. Ali Sayir, Program Manager) and through the
   USAF Contract No. FA8650-10-D-5226.
NR 38
TC 163
Z9 166
U1 34
U2 136
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0925-8388
J9 J ALLOY COMPD
JI J. Alloy. Compd.
PD MAY 19
PY 2011
VL 509
IS 20
BP 6043
EP 6048
DI 10.1016/j.jallcom.2011.02.171
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy &
   Metallurgical Engineering
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 749JU
UT WOS:000289462600021
ER

PT J
AU Park, J
   Mitchel, WC
   Brown, GJ
   Elhamri, S
   Grazulis, L
   Smith, HE
   Pacley, SD
   Boeckl, JJ
   Eyink, KG
   Mou, S
   Tomich, DH
   Hoelscher, JE
AF Park, Jeongho
   Mitchel, W. C.
   Brown, Gail J.
   Elhamri, Said
   Grazulis, Lawrence
   Smith, Howard E.
   Pacley, Shanee D.
   Boeckl, John J.
   Eyink, Kurt G.
   Mou, Shin
   Tomich, David H.
   Hoelscher, John E.
TI Band gap formation in graphene by in-situ doping
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID BILAYER GRAPHENE
AB We report the formation of band gaps in as-grown stacks of epitaxial graphene with opposite doping. Control of in-situ doping during carbon source molecular beam epitaxy growth on SiC was achieved by using different carbon sources. Doping heterostructures were grown by stacking n-type material from a C(60) source on p-type material from a graphite filament source. Activation energies for the resistivity and carrier concentration indicated band gaps up to 200 meV. A photoconductivity threshold was observed in the range of the electrical activation energies. Band gap formation is attributed to electric fields induced by spatially separated ionized dopants of opposite charge. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3589364]
C1 [Park, Jeongho; Mitchel, W. C.; Brown, Gail J.; Grazulis, Lawrence; Smith, Howard E.; Pacley, Shanee D.; Boeckl, John J.; Eyink, Kurt G.; Mou, Shin; Tomich, David H.; Hoelscher, John E.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate AFRL RXPS, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Elhamri, Said] Univ Dayton, Dept Phys, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
RP Park, J (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate AFRL RXPS, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM jeongho.park@wpafb.af.mil
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFRL/RSE, Harold Weinstock)
FX This work was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research
   (AFRL/RSE, Harold Weinstock). The authors wish to acknowledge the
   support of Mr. G. Landis.
NR 14
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Z9 7
U1 3
U2 22
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
   MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD MAY 16
PY 2011
VL 98
IS 20
AR 203102
DI 10.1063/1.3589364
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 766UN
UT WOS:000290812100050
ER

PT J
AU Lee, J
   Roy, AK
   Farmer, BL
AF Lee, Jonghoon
   Roy, Ajit K.
   Farmer, Barry L.
TI Kapitza resistance in the lattice Boltzmann-Peierls-Callaway equation
   for multiphase phonon gases
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E
LA English
DT Article
ID THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY; VISCOSITY; TRANSPORT; SCATTERING; SIMULATION;
   DYNAMICS; SOUND
AB The interface thermal resistance becomes more and more important as device miniaturization for better performance renders a large surface-to-volume ratio and invariably requires a device design with multiple materials inducing thermal interfaces across the material heterogeniety. Toward developing a comprehensive computational methodology for thermal transport prediction, incorporating the interface effects in a heterogeneous medium, a novel boundary collision rule is devised in the lattice Boltzmann computational scheme to realize a thermal interface between phonon gases with dissimilar dispersion relations. Consistent with the Callaway collision operator for Umklapp process, the interface phonon collision process is regarded as a linear relaxation mechanism toward the local pseudo-equilibrium phonon distribution, which is uniquely defined by the energy conservation principle. The Kapitza length and the interface thermal resistance are determined by the relaxation parameter and the local phonon properties. The implementation of the proposed mesoscopic boundary collision rule in the lattice Boltzmann computational framework provides a methodology of predicting the thermal properties of a heterogeneus medium incorporating both normal and Umklapp collision processes of phonon.
C1 [Lee, Jonghoon; Roy, Ajit K.; Farmer, Barry L.] USAF, Thermal Sci & Mat Branch, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Lee, Jonghoon] Universal Technol Corp, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
RP Lee, J (reprint author), USAF, Thermal Sci & Mat Branch, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM jonghoon.lee@wpafb.af.mil
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research
FX Authors are grateful for the partial support from the Air Force Office
   of Scientific Research funded under Mechanics of Multifunctional
   Materials and Microsystems Program. This work is benefited from
   insightful discussions with many of our colleagues; we are grateful to
   Vikas Varshney, Sangwook Sihn, and Sergei Shenogin. Our code is
   developed as a modification of Tony Ladd's Susp3D [45], a hybrid MD & LB
   software package under GNU public license.
NR 35
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 13
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1539-3755
J9 PHYS REV E
JI Phys. Rev. E
PD MAY 16
PY 2011
VL 83
IS 5
AR 056706
DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.83.056706
PN 2
PG 11
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical
SC Physics
GA 765PX
UT WOS:000290722100009
PM 21728692
ER

PT J
AU Martinez, MA
   Newman, AM
AF Martinez, Michael A.
   Newman, Alexandra M.
TI A solution approach for optimizing long- and short-term production
   scheduling at LKAB's Kiruna mine
SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF OPERATIONAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Mining/metals industries; Determining optimal operating policies at an
   underground mine production/scheduling applications; Production
   scheduling at an underground mine integer programming applications;
   Determining a production schedule
ID TIME-RESOURCE TRADEOFFS; UNDERGROUND MINE; OPTIMIZATION; DESIGN
AB We present a mixed-integer program to schedule long- and short-term production at LKAB's Kiruna mine, an underground sublevel caving mine located in northern Sweden. The model minimizes deviations from monthly preplanned production quantities while adhering to operational constraints. Because of the mathematical structure of the model and its moderately large size, instances spanning a time horizon of more than a year or two tend to be intractable. We develop an optimization-based decomposition heuristic that, on average, obtains better solutions faster than solving the model directly. We show that for realistic data sets, we can generate solutions with deviations that comprise about 3-6% of total demand in about a third of an hour. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Newman, Alexandra M.] Colorado Sch Mines, Div Econ & Business, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
   [Martinez, Michael A.] USAF Acad, Dept Math Sci, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
RP Newman, AM (reprint author), Colorado Sch Mines, Div Econ & Business, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM michael.martinez@usafa.edu; newman@mines.edu
NR 41
TC 9
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 10
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0377-2217
J9 EUR J OPER RES
JI Eur. J. Oper. Res.
PD MAY 16
PY 2011
VL 211
IS 1
BP 184
EP 197
DI 10.1016/j.ejor.2010.12.008
PG 14
WC Management; Operations Research & Management Science
SC Business & Economics; Operations Research & Management Science
GA 727EO
UT WOS:000287780600018
ER

PT J
AU Stauffer, HU
   Kulatilaka, WD
   Gord, JR
   Roy, S
AF Stauffer, Hans U.
   Kulatilaka, Waruna D.
   Gord, James R.
   Roy, Sukesh
TI Laser-induced fluorescence detection of hydroxyl (OH) radical by
   femtosecond excitation
SO OPTICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID SPECTROSCOPY; TEMPERATURE; THERMOMETRY; ABSORPTION; FLAME; KHZ
AB The development of a laser-induced fluorescence detection scheme for probing combustion-relevant species using a high-repetition-rate ultrafast laser is described. A femtosecond laser system with a 1 kHz repetition rate is used to induce fluorescence, following two-photon excitation (TPE), from hydroxyl (OH) radicals that are present in premixed laminar flames. The experimental TPE and one-photon fluorescence spectra resulting from broadband excitation into the (0,0) band of the OH A(2) Sigma(+)-X(2)Pi system are compared to simulated spectra. Additionally, the effects of non-transform-limited femtosecond pulses on TPE efficiency is investigated. (C) 2011 Optical Society of America
C1 [Stauffer, Hans U.; Kulatilaka, Waruna D.; Roy, Sukesh] Spectral Energies LLC, Dayton, OH 45431 USA.
   [Gord, James R.] USAF, Res Lab, Prop Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Roy, S (reprint author), Spectral Energies LLC, Springfield St,Suite 301, Dayton, OH 45431 USA.
EM sroy@woh.rr.com
FU Air Force Research Laboratory [FA8650-10-C-2008]; Air Force Office of
   Scientific Research (USAFOSR)
FX Funding for this research was provided by the Air Force Research
   Laboratory under contract FA8650-10-C-2008 (Ms. Amy Lynch, Program
   Manager), and by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (USAFOSR)
   (Drs. Tatjana Curcic and Julian Tishkoff, Program Managers).
NR 12
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 4
U2 27
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0146-9592
J9 OPT LETT
JI Opt. Lett.
PD MAY 15
PY 2011
VL 36
IS 10
BP 1776
EP 1778
PG 3
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 765NW
UT WOS:000290716000012
PM 21593887
ER

PT J
AU Kulatilaka, WD
   Hsu, PS
   Gord, JR
   Roy, S
AF Kulatilaka, Waruna D.
   Hsu, Paul S.
   Gord, James R.
   Roy, Sukesh
TI Point and planar ultraviolet excitation/detection of hydroxyl-radical
   laser-induced fluorescence through long optical fibers
SO OPTICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID ABSORPTION SENSOR; OH; SPECTROSCOPY; FLOWS
AB We demonstrate an all-fiber-coupled, UV, laser-induced-fluorescence (LIF) detection system of the hydroxyl radical (OH) in flames. The nanosecond-pulsed excitation of the (1, 0) band of the OH A(2)Sigma(+)-X(2)Pi system at similar to 283nm is followed by fluorescence detection from the (0,0) and (1,1) bands around 310nm. The excitation-laser beam is delivered through a 400 mu m core UV-grade optical fiber of up to 10m in length, and the fluorescence signal collected is transmitted through a 1.5 mm core 3m long fiber onto the remote detector. Single-laser-shot planar LIF (PLIF) imaging of OH in flames is also demonstrated using fiber-based excitation. The effects of delivering intense UV beams through long optical fibers are investigated, and the system improvements for an all-fiber-coupled OH-PLIF imaging system are discussed. Development of such fiber-based diagnostics and imaging systems constitutes a major step in transitioning laser diagnostic tools from research laboratories to reacting flow facilities of practical interest. (C) 2011 Optical Society of America
C1 [Kulatilaka, Waruna D.; Hsu, Paul S.; Roy, Sukesh] Spectral Energies LLC, Dayton, OH 45431 USA.
   [Gord, James R.] USAF, Res Lab, Prop Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Roy, S (reprint author), Spectral Energies LLC, 5100 Springfield St,Suite 301, Dayton, OH 45431 USA.
EM sroy@woh.rr.com
FU internal Research and Development source of Spectral Energies, LLC; Air
   Force Research Laboratory [FA8650-10-C-2008]; Air Force Office of
   Scientific Research (USAFOSR)
FX Funding for this research was provided by the internal Research and
   Development source of Spectral Energies, LLC, by the Air Force Research
   Laboratory under contract FA8650-10-C-2008, and by the Air Force Office
   of Scientific Research (USAFOSR) (Dr. Julian Tishkoff, Program Manager).
NR 13
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 15
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0146-9592
J9 OPT LETT
JI Opt. Lett.
PD MAY 15
PY 2011
VL 36
IS 10
BP 1818
EP 1820
PG 3
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 765NW
UT WOS:000290716000026
PM 21593901
ER

PT J
AU Roucka, R
   Beeler, R
   Mathews, J
   Ryu, MY
   Yeo, YK
   Menendez, J
   Kouvetakis, J
AF Roucka, Radek
   Beeler, Richard
   Mathews, Jay
   Ryu, Mee-Yi
   Yeo, Yung Kee
   Menendez, Jose
   Kouvetakis, John
TI Complementary metal-oxide semiconductor-compatible detector materials
   with enhanced 1550 nm responsivity via Sn-doping of Ge/Si(100)
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID GROUP-IV SEMICONDUCTORS; MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; ON-SI PHOTODETECTORS;
   GE1-XSNX ALLOYS; BAND-GAP; LIQUID-PHASE; GE; SILICON; GROWTH;
   TEMPERATURE
AB Previously developed methods used to grow Ge(1-y)Sn(y) alloys on Si are extended to Sn concentrations in the 10(19)-10(20) cm(-3) range. These concentrations are shown to be sufficient to engineer large increases in the responsivity of detectors operating at 1550 nm. The dopant levels of Sn are incorporated at temperatures in the 370-390 degrees C range, yielding atomically smooth layers devoid of threading defects at high growth rates of 15-30 nm/min. These conditions are far more compatible with complementary metal-oxide semiconductor processing than the high growth and processing temperatures required to achieve the same responsivity via tensile strain in pure Ge on Si. A detailed study of a detector based on a Sn-doped Ge layer with 0.25% (1.1 x 10(20) cm(-3)) Sn range demonstrates the responsivity enhancement and shows much better I-V characteristics than previously fabricated detectors based on Ge(1-y)Sn(y) alloys with y=0.02. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi :10.1063/1.3592965]
C1 [Roucka, Radek; Beeler, Richard; Kouvetakis, John] Arizona State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
   [Mathews, Jay; Menendez, Jose] Arizona State Univ, Dept Phys, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
   [Ryu, Mee-Yi] Kangwon Natl Univ, Dept Phys, Chunchon 200701, Kangwon Do, South Korea.
   [Yeo, Yung Kee] USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Engn Phys, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Roucka, R (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
EM radek.roucka@asu.edu
RI Menendez, Jose/C-1034-2009; Mathews, Jay/H-2439-2011; Beeler,
   Richard/D-7766-2012
OI Menendez, Jose/0000-0001-8739-9197; Mathews, Jay/0000-0001-5769-5382; 
NR 32
TC 31
Z9 31
U1 1
U2 23
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
   MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD MAY 15
PY 2011
VL 109
IS 10
AR 103115
DI 10.1063/1.3592965
PG 9
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 783WU
UT WOS:000292115900040
ER

PT J
AU Ramsuran, V
   Kulkarni, H
   He, WJ
   Mlisana, K
   Wright, EJ
   Werner, L
   Castiblanco, J
   Dhanda, R
   Le, T
   Dolan, MJ
   Guan, W
   Weiss, RA
   Clark, RA
   Karim, SSA
   Ahuja, SK
   Ndung'u, T
AF Ramsuran, Veron
   Kulkarni, Hemant
   He, Weijing
   Mlisana, Koleka
   Wright, Edwina J.
   Werner, Lise
   Castiblanco, John
   Dhanda, Rahul
   Tuan Le
   Dolan, Matthew J.
   Guan, Weihua
   Weiss, Robin A.
   Clark, Robert A.
   Karim, Salim S. Abdool
   Ahuja, Sunil K.
   Ndung'u, Thumbi
TI Duffy-Null-Associated Low Neutrophil Counts Influence HIV-1
   Susceptibility in High-Risk South African Black Women
SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
ID ANTIGEN RECEPTOR; DISEASE PROGRESSION; CHEMOKINES DARC; INTERNATIONAL
   METAANALYSIS; AIDS SUSCEPTIBILITY; ETHNIC-DIFFERENCES;
   NATURAL-SELECTION; BLOOD-CELLS; INFECTION; MALARIA
AB Background. The Duffy-null trait and ethnic netropenia are both highly prevalent in Africa. The influence of pre-seroconversion levels of peripheral blood cell counts (PBCs) on the risk of acquiring human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 infection among Africans is unknown.
   Methods. The triangular relationship among pre-seroconversion PBC counts, host genotypes, and risk of HIV acquisition was determined in a prospective cohort of black South African high-risk female sex workers. Twenty-seven women had seroconversion during follow-up, and 115 remained HIV negative for 2 years, despite engaging in high-risk activity.
   Results. Pre-seroconversion neutrophil counts in women who subsequently had seroconversion were significantly lower, whereas platelet counts were higher, compared with those who remained HIV negative. Comprising 27% of the cohort, subjects with pre-seroconversion neutrophil counts of < 2500 cells/mm(3) had a similar to 3-fold greater risk of acquiring HIV infection. In a genome-wide association analyses, an African-specific polymorphism (rs2814778) in the promoter of Duffy Antigen Receptor for Chemokines (DARC -46T > C) was significantly associated with neutrophil counts (P = 7.9 x 10(-11)). DARC -46C/C results in loss of DARC expression on erthyrocytes (Duffy-null) and resistance to Plasmodium vivax malaria, and in our cohort, only subjects with this genotype had pre-seroconversion neutrophil counts of < 2500 cells/mm(3). The risk of acquiring HIV infection was similar to 3-fold greater in those with the trait of Duffy-null-associated low neutrophil counts, compared with all other study participants.
   Conclusions. Pre-seroconversion neutrophil and platelet counts influence risk of HIV infection. The trait of Duffy-null-associated low neutrophil counts influences HIV susceptibility. Because of the high prevalence of this trait among persons of African ancestry, it may contribute to the dynamics of the HIV epidemic in Africa.
C1 [Ramsuran, Veron; Kulkarni, Hemant; He, Weijing; Castiblanco, John; Dhanda, Rahul; Tuan Le; Clark, Robert A.; Ahuja, Sunil K.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA.
   [Ramsuran, Veron; Ndung'u, Thumbi] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Nelson R Mandela Sch Med, Doris Duke Med Res Inst, HIV Pathogenesis Programme, Durban, South Africa.
   [Ramsuran, Veron; Mlisana, Koleka; Werner, Lise; Karim, Salim S. Abdool; Ndung'u, Thumbi] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Nelson R Mandela Sch Med, Doris Duke Med Res Inst, CAPRISA, Durban, South Africa.
   [Dolan, Matthew J.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Henry M Jackson Fdn, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
   [Guan, Weihua] Univ Minnesota, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Biostat, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
   [Wright, Edwina J.] Alfred Hosp, Melbourne, Vic, Australia.
   [Wright, Edwina J.] Burnet Inst, Melbourne, Vic, Australia.
   [Wright, Edwina J.] Monash Univ, Dept Med, Clayton, Vic, Australia.
   [Weiss, Robin A.] UCL, Div Infect & Immun, MRC, Ctr Med Mol Virol, London, England.
RP Ahuja, SK (reprint author), Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA.
EM ahujas@uthscsa.edu
RI CASTIBLANCO, JOHN/B-6599-2009; Abdool Karim, Salim
   Safurdeen/N-5947-2013; 
OI CASTIBLANCO, JOHN/0000-0002-7965-9822; Abdool Karim, Salim
   Safurdeen/0000-0002-4986-2133; CASTIBLANCO, JOHN/0000-0003-2556-3697;
   Mlisana, Koleka/0000-0002-8436-3268; Ndung'u, Thumbi/0000-0003-2962-3992
FU National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National
   Institutes of Health (NIH) [U19 AI 51794]; CAPRISA training fellowship;
   Fogarty AITRP fellowship [TWO-0023]; KwaZulu-Natal Research Institute
   for TB and HIV (K-RITH); Hasso Plattner Foundation; VA HIV/AIDS Center
   of the South Texas Veterans Health Care System [R37046326]; Doris Duke
   Distinguished Clinical Scientist Award; VA MERIT award; Burroughs
   Wellcome Clinical Scientist Award in Translational Research; K-RITH
FX The CAPRISA 002 study was supported by the National Institute of Allergy
   and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health (NIH; grant U19 AI
   51794). V.R. was a recipient of a CAPRISA training fellowship and a
   Fogarty AITRP fellowship (TWO-0023) and a KwaZulu-Natal Research
   Institute for TB and HIV (K-RITH) travel award. T.N. is supported by the
   Hasso Plattner Foundation and holds the South African DST/NRF Research
   Chair in Systems Biology of HIV/AIDS. This work was supported by the VA
   HIV/AIDS Center of the South Texas Veterans Health Care System, an NIH
   award (R37046326), the Doris Duke Distinguished Clinical Scientist Award
   to S.K.A. S.K.A. is also supported by a VA MERIT award and the Burroughs
   Wellcome Clinical Scientist Award in Translational Research.; V.R.
   received a K-RITH travel award. RAW has just been appointed to the Board
   of Directors of K-RITH. The authors do not consider this to be a
   conflict of interest, because the function of RAW had just started while
   this manuscript was in review. All other authors: no conflicts.
NR 51
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U1 1
U2 5
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1058-4838
EI 1537-6591
J9 CLIN INFECT DIS
JI Clin. Infect. Dis.
PD MAY 15
PY 2011
VL 52
IS 10
BP 1248
EP 1256
DI 10.1093/cid/cir119
PG 9
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
GA 753QW
UT WOS:000289795700008
PM 21507922
ER

PT J
AU Barton, NR
   Bernier, JV
   Knap, J
   Sunwoo, AJ
   Cerreta, EK
   Turner, TJ
AF Barton, Nathan R.
   Bernier, Joel V.
   Knap, Jaroslaw
   Sunwoo, Anne J.
   Cerreta, Ellen K.
   Turner, Todd J.
TI A call to arms for task parallelism in multi-scale materials modeling
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE solids; materials science; multiscale; plasticity; parallelization;
   finite element methods
ID SITU ADAPTIVE TABULATION; POLYCRYSTALLINE SOLIDS; COMPONENT
   ARCHITECTURE; DEFORMATION-BEHAVIOR; CRYSTAL PLASTICITY; STRAIN RATES;
   SIMULATION; TITANIUM; TEXTURE; ALLOY
AB Simulations based on multi-scale material models enabled by adaptive sampling have demonstrated speedup factors exceeding an order of magnitude. The use of these methods in parallel computing is hampered by dynamic load imbalance, with load imbalance measurably reducing the achieved speedup. Here we discuss these issues in the context of task parallelism, showing results achieved to date and discussing possibilities for further improvement. In some cases, the task parallelism methods employed to date are able to restore much of the potential wall-clock speedup. The specific application highlighted here focuses on the connection between microstructure and material performance using a polycrystal plasticity-based multi-scale method. However, the parallel load balancing issues are germane to a broad class of multi-scale problems. Copyright (C) 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Barton, Nathan R.; Bernier, Joel V.; Sunwoo, Anne J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
   [Knap, Jaroslaw] USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA.
   [Cerreta, Ellen K.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
   [Turner, Todd J.] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Barton, NR (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM barton22@llnl.gov
FU agency of the United States government; U.S. Department of Energy by
   Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344
   (LLNL-JRNL-426324)]
FX This document was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency
   of the United States government. Neither the United States government
   nor Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC, nor any of their
   employees makes any warranty, expressed or implied, or assumes any legal
   liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or
   usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed,
   or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights.
   Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service
   by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not
   necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or
   favoring by the United States government or Lawrence Livermore National
   Security, LLC. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not
   necessarily state or reflect those of the United States government or
   Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC, and shall not be used for
   advertising or product endorsement purposes.; This work was performed
   under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence
   Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344
   (LLNL-JRNL-426324). We gratefully acknowledge the contributions of the
   members of the Babel and Co-op teams, the cooperation of the Ale3d
   development team, the resources provided by Livermore Computing, and DOD
   support of ongoing research through James Mackiewicz.
NR 69
TC 11
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U1 1
U2 9
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0029-5981
J9 INT J NUMER METH ENG
JI Int. J. Numer. Methods Eng.
PD MAY 13
PY 2011
VL 86
IS 6
BP 744
EP 764
DI 10.1002/nme.3071
PG 21
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary
   Applications
SC Engineering; Mathematics
GA 748CZ
UT WOS:000289368900004
ER

PT J
AU Hsu, PS
   Welch, GR
   Gord, JR
   Patnaik, AK
AF Hsu, Paul S.
   Welch, George R.
   Gord, James R.
   Patnaik, Anil K.
TI Propagation dynamics of controlled cross-talk via interplay between
   chi((1)) and chi((3)) processes
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID ELECTROMAGNETICALLY INDUCED TRANSPARENCY; DOUBLE-LADDER SYSTEM;
   MAGNETOOPTICAL ROTATION; COHERENT CONTROL; LIGHT; FIELD; VAPOR
AB We investigate theoretically and experimentally the propagation dynamics of a nonlinear cross-talk effect between two probe channels in a double-ladder system and show that an interplay between chi((1)) and chi((3)) processes leads to the control of cross-talk. We derive analytical solutions to describe the propagation dynamics of the probe fields with the cross-talk effect built in. From the analytical results we identify and examine the regimes of interest where contributions of either chi((1)) or chi((3)) or both are significant. The control of cross-talk is demonstrated experimentally, and good quantitative agreement is found between the analytical solutions and the experiment.
C1 [Hsu, Paul S.] Spectral Energies LLC, Dayton, OH 45431 USA.
   [Hsu, Paul S.; Welch, George R.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
   [Hsu, Paul S.; Welch, George R.] Texas A&M Univ, Inst Quantum Studies, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
   [Gord, James R.; Patnaik, Anil K.] USAF, Res Lab, Prop Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Patnaik, Anil K.] Wright State Univ, Dept Phys, Dayton, OH 45435 USA.
RP Hsu, PS (reprint author), Spectral Energies LLC, 5100 Springfield St,Suite 301, Dayton, OH 45431 USA.
EM paul.hsu@wpafb.af.mil
FU Air Force Research Laboratory [F33615-03-D-2329, FA8650-09-C-200];
   Robert A. Welch Foundation [A-1261]
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge useful discussions with Prof. G. S.
   Agarwal, Prof. Y. V. Rostovtsev, and Prof. M. O. Scully, and help with
   the experimental setup provided by Dr. L. Wang and Dr. J. Musser.
   Funding for this study was provided by the Air Force Research Laboratory
   (Contracts No. F33615-03-D-2329 and No. FA8650-09-C-200) and the Robert
   A. Welch Foundation (Grant No. A-1261).
NR 28
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD MAY 12
PY 2011
VL 83
IS 5
AR 053819
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.83.053819
PG 8
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 762ZE
UT WOS:000290520300013
ER

PT J
AU Koh, CJ
   Liu, CL
   Harmon, CW
   Strasser, D
   Golan, A
   Kostko, O
   Chambreau, SD
   Vaghjiani, GL
   Leone, SR
AF Koh, Christine J.
   Liu, Chen-Lin
   Harmon, Christopher W.
   Strasser, Daniel
   Golan, Amir
   Kostko, Oleg
   Chambreau, Steven D.
   Vaghjiani, Ghanshyam L.
   Leone, Stephen R.
TI Soft Ionization of Thermally Evaporated Hypergolic Ionic Liquid Aerosols
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A
LA English
DT Article
ID VACUUM-ULTRAVIOLET PHOTOIONIZATION; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; GAS-PHASE;
   SOLAR-CELLS; VAPORIZATION; NANOPARTICLES; ELECTROLYTES; CONDUCTIVITY;
   VOLATILITY; VAPOR
AB Isolated ion pairs of a conventional ionic liquid, 1-Ethyl-3-Methyl-Imidazolium Bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([Emim(+)]-[Tf2N-]), and a reactive hypergolic ionic liquid, 1-Butyl-3-Methyl-Imidazolium Dicyanamide ([Bmim(+)][Dca(-)]), are generated by vaporizing ionic liquid submicrometer aerosol particles for the first time; the vaporized species are investigated by dissociative ionization with tunable vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) light, exhibiting clear intact cations, Emim(+) and Bmim(+), presumably originating from intact ion pairs. Mass spectra of ion pair vapor from an effusive source of the hypergolic ionic liquid show substantial reactive decomposition due to the internal energy of the molecules emanating from the source. Photoionization efficiency curves in the near ionization region of isolated ion pairs of [Emim(+)][Tf2N-] ionic liquid vapor are compared for an aerosol source and an effusive source, revealing changes in the appearance energy due to the amount of internal energy in the ion pairs. The aerosol source has a shift to higher threshold energy (similar to 0.3 eV), attributed to reduced internal energy of the isolated ion pairs. The method of ionic liquid submicrometer aerosol particle vaporization, for reactive ionic liquids such as hypergolic species, is a convenient, thermally "cooler" source of isolated intact ion pairs in the gas phase compared to effusive sources.
C1 [Koh, Christine J.; Strasser, Daniel; Leone, Stephen R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
   [Koh, Christine J.; Strasser, Daniel; Leone, Stephen R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
   [Liu, Chen-Lin; Harmon, Christopher W.; Golan, Amir; Kostko, Oleg; Leone, Stephen R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
   [Chambreau, Steven D.] ERC Inc, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA.
   [Vaghjiani, Ghanshyam L.] USAF, Res Lab, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA.
RP Leone, SR (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM srl@berkeley.edu
RI Kostko, Oleg/B-3822-2009
OI Kostko, Oleg/0000-0003-2068-4991
FU U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-10-1-0163,
   FA9300-06-C-0023]; Office of Energy Research, Office of Basic Energy
   Sciences, Chemical Sciences Division of the U.S. Department of Energy
   [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge funding from the U.S. Air Force
   Office of Scientific Research for supporting C.J.K, D.S., and S.R.L.
   (Grant No. FA9550-10-1-0163), and for S.D.C. and G.L.V. (Grant No.
   FA9300-06-C-0023). This work at the ALS was supported by the Director,
   Office of Energy Research, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Chemical
   Sciences Division of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No.
   DE-AC02-05CH11231 (C.-L.L., C.W.H., A.G., OK, and S.R.L.). The authors
   thank Dr. Musahid Ahmed and Dr. Kevin Wilson of the Chemical Dynamics
   beamline for help in the measurements.
NR 45
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 1
U2 25
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1089-5639
J9 J PHYS CHEM A
JI J. Phys. Chem. A
PD MAY 12
PY 2011
VL 115
IS 18
BP 4630
EP 4635
DI 10.1021/jp200633b
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 757YZ
UT WOS:000290126900009
PM 21506546
ER

PT J
AU Witkop, C
   Duffy, M
   Cohen, L
   Fishbein, D
   Selent, M
AF Witkop, C.
   Duffy, M.
   Cohen, L.
   Fishbein, D.
   Selent, M.
TI Assessment of ESSENCE Performance for Influenza-Like Illness
   Surveillance After an Influenza Outbreak-U.S. Air Force Academy,
   Colorado, 2009 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 60, pg 406-409, 2011)
SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Reprint
ID SYNDROMIC SURVEILLANCE; SYSTEM
C1 [Selent, M.] CDC, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, EIS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
   [Witkop, C.] USAF Acad, Colorado Springs, CO USA.
   [Duffy, M.] USAF, Sch Aerosp Med, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Cohen, L.] CDC, Sci Educ & Profess Dev Program Off, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Svcs, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Selent, M (reprint author), CDC, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, EIS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM mselent@cdc.gov
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC
PI CHICAGO
PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA
SN 0098-7484
J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC
JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc.
PD MAY 11
PY 2011
VL 305
IS 18
BP 1851
EP 1853
PG 3
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 761YH
UT WOS:000290438800010
ER

PT J
AU Berrigan, JD
   Kang, TS
   Cai, Y
   Deneault, JR
   Durstock, MF
   Sandhage, KH
AF Berrigan, John D.
   Kang, Tae-Sik
   Cai, Ye
   Deneault, James R.
   Durstock, Michael F.
   Sandhage, Kenneth H.
TI Protein-Enabled Layer-by-Layer Syntheses of Aligned, Porous-Wall,
   High-Aspect-Ratio TiO2 Nanotube Arrays
SO ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID SENSITIZED SOLAR-CELLS; TEMPLATE SYNTHESIS; TITANIA NANOTUBES;
   FABRICATION; NANOSTRUCTURES; DEPOSITION; THIN; NANOMATERIALS;
   CONVERSION; MEMBRANES
AB An aqueous, protein-enabled (biomimetic), layer-by-layer titania deposition process is developed, for the first time, to convert aligned-nanochannel templates into high-aspect-ratio, aligned nanotube arrays with thin (34 nm) walls composed of co-continuous networks of pores and titania nanocrystals (15 nm ave. size). Alumina templates with aligned open nanochannels are exposed in an alternating fashion to aqueous protamine-bearing and titania precursor-bearing (Ti(IV) bis-ammonium-lactato-dihydroxide, TiBALDH) solutions. The ability of protamine to bind to alumina and titania, and to induce the formation of a Ti-O-bearing coating upon exposure to the TiBALDH precursor, enables the layer-by-layer deposition of a conformal protamine/Ti-O-bearing coating on the nanochannel surfaces within the porous alumina template. Subsequent protamine pyrolysis yields coatings composed of co-continuous networks of pores and titania nanoparticles. Selective dissolution of the underlying alumina template through the porous coating then yields freestanding, aligned, porous-wall titania nanotube arrays. The interconnected pores within the nanotube walls allow enhanced loading of functional molecules (such as a Ru-based N719 dye), whereas the interconnected titania nanoparticles enable the high-aspect-ratio, aligned nanotube arrays to be used as electrodes (as demonstrated for dye-sensitized solar cells with power conversion efficiencies of 5.2 +/- 0.4%).
C1 [Berrigan, John D.; Cai, Ye; Sandhage, Kenneth H.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
   [Berrigan, John D.; Cai, Ye; Sandhage, Kenneth H.] Georgia Inst Technol, USAF, Ctr Excellence Bionanoenabled Inorgan Organ Nanoc, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
   [Kang, Tae-Sik; Deneault, James R.; Durstock, Michael F.] USAF, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Berrigan, JD (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, 771 Ferst Dr, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
EM ken.sandhage@mse.gatech.edu
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-09-1-0162]
FX This research was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific
   Research (Award No. FA9550-09-1-0162, Dr. Charles Lee, program manager).
   Dr. Giorgio Bazzan (Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH), Benjamin
   Leever (Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH), Dr. Bernard Kippelen,
   William Potscavage, Taylor McLachlan, and Dr. Yunnan Fang are gratefully
   acknowledged for their advice and helpful discussions.
NR 37
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 5
U2 63
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1616-301X
J9 ADV FUNCT MATER
JI Adv. Funct. Mater.
PD MAY 10
PY 2011
VL 21
IS 9
BP 1693
EP 1700
DI 10.1002/adfm.201002676
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
   Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
   Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
   Physics
GA 763CG
UT WOS:000290530500020
ER

PT J
AU Aradag, S
   Siegel, S
   Seidel, J
   Cohen, K
   McLaughlin, T
AF Aradag, Selin
   Siegel, Stefan
   Seidel, Jurgen
   Cohen, Kelly
   McLaughlin, Thomas
TI Filtered POD-based low-dimensional modeling of the 3D turbulent flow
   behind a circular cylinder
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN FLUIDS
LA English
DT Article
DE von Karman vortex street; vortex shedding; low-dimensional modeling;
   proper orthogonal decomposition; cylinder wake; filtered POD; hybrid POD
ID PROPER ORTHOGONAL DECOMPOSITION; FEEDBACK-CONTROL; WAKE; TRANSITION;
   DYNAMICS; JET
AB Low-dimensional models have proven essential for feedback control and estimation of flow fields. While feedback control based on global flow estimation can be very efficient, it is often difficult to estimate the flow state if structures of very different length scales are present in the flow. The conventional snapshot-based proper orthogonal decomposition (POD), a popular method for low-order modeling, does not separate the structures according to size, since it optimizes modes based on energy. Two methods are developed in this study to separate the structures in the flow based on size. One of them is Hybrid Filtered POD method and the second one is 3D FFT-based Filtered POD approach performed using a fast Fourier transform (FFT)-based spatial filtering. In both the methods, a spatial low-pass filter is employed to precondition snapshot sets before deriving POD modes. Three-dimensional flow data from the simulation of turbulent flow over a circular cylinder wake at Re=20000 is used to evaluate the performance of the two methods. Results show that both the FFT-based 3D Filtered POD and Hybrid Filtered POD are able to capture the large-scale features of the flow, such as the von Karman vortex street, while not being contaminated by small-scale turbulent structures present in the flow. Copyright (C) 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Aradag, Selin] TOBB Univ Econ & Technol, TR-06560 Ankara, Turkey.
   [Siegel, Stefan; Seidel, Jurgen] USAF Acad, Dept Aeronaut, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
   [Cohen, Kelly] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Aerosp Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA.
   [McLaughlin, Thomas] USAF Acad, Dept Aeronaut, Aeronaut Res Ctr, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
RP Aradag, S (reprint author), TOBB Univ Econ & Technol, TR-06560 Ankara, Turkey.
EM selinaradag@gmail.com
OI Cohen, Kelly/0000-0002-8655-1465; Aradag, Selin/0000-0002-2034-0008
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA-955005C0048]
FX Contract/grant sponsor: Air Force Office of Scientific Research;
   contract/grant number: FA-955005C0048
NR 34
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 10
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0271-2091
EI 1097-0363
J9 INT J NUMER METH FL
JI Int. J. Numer. Methods Fluids
PD MAY 10
PY 2011
VL 66
IS 1
BP 1
EP 16
DI 10.1002/fld.2238
PG 16
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mathematics,
   Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Computer Science; Mathematics; Mechanics; Physics
GA 748DK
UT WOS:000289370000001
ER

PT J
AU Gupta, MK
   Chang, S
   Singamaneni, S
   Drummy, LF
   Gunawidjaja, R
   Naik, RR
   Tsukruk, VV
AF Gupta, Maneesh K.
   Chang, Sehoon
   Singamaneni, Srikanth
   Drummy, Lawrence F.
   Gunawidjaja, Ray
   Naik, Rajesh R.
   Tsukruk, Vladimir V.
TI pH-Triggered SERS via Modulated Plasmonic Coupling in Individual
   Bimetallic Nanocobs
SO SMALL
LA English
DT Article
ID ENHANCED RAMAN-SCATTERING; GOLD NANOPARTICLES; POLY(ACRYLIC ACID);
   SILVER; SPECTROSCOPY; SURFACES; NANOSTRUCTURES; RESONANCES; NANOWIRES;
   SWITCHES
C1 [Gupta, Maneesh K.; Chang, Sehoon; Singamaneni, Srikanth; Gunawidjaja, Ray; Tsukruk, Vladimir V.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
   [Drummy, Lawrence F.; Naik, Rajesh R.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Tsukruk, VV (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, 771 Ferst Dr NW, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
EM Vladimir@mse.gatech.edu
RI Singamaneni, Srikanth/A-8010-2008
FU AROSR [FA9550-08-1-0446]; AFRL/GT BIONIC Center [FA 9550-09-1-0162]; NSF
   [CBET-093078]
FX This work was supported by the AROSR Grant FA9550-08-1-0446, by the
   AFRL/GT BIONIC Center (FA 9550-09-1-0162), and also by the NSF Grant
   CBET-093078.
NR 53
TC 32
Z9 32
U1 4
U2 40
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1613-6810
J9 SMALL
JI Small
PD MAY 9
PY 2011
VL 7
IS 9
BP 1192
EP 1198
DI 10.1002/smll.201002169
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
   Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
   Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
   Physics
GA 756FZ
UT WOS:000289998400008
PM 21491586
ER

PT J
AU Rebane, A
   Drobizhev, M
   Makarov, NS
   Beuerman, E
   Haley, JE
   Douglas, MK
   Burke, AR
   Flikkema, JL
   Cooper, TM
AF Rebane, Aleksander
   Drobizhev, Mikhail
   Makarov, Nikolay S.
   Beuerman, Erich
   Haley, Joy E.
   Douglas, M. Krein
   Burke, Aaron R.
   Flikkema, Jonathan L.
   Cooper, Thomas M.
TI Relation between Two-Photon Absorption and Dipolar Properties in a
   Series of Fluorenyl-Based Chromophores with Electron Donating or
   Electron Withdrawing Substituents
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A
LA English
DT Article
ID OPTICAL-DATA STORAGE; COOPERATIVE ENHANCEMENT; RESONANCE ENHANCEMENT;
   DIELECTRIC SPHERE; CHARGE-TRANSFER; EXCITATION; MOLECULES; DESIGN;
   SPECTROSCOPY; PORPHYRINS
AB We investigate two-photon absorption (2PA) in a series of fluorenyl-based 9,9-diethyl-2-ethynyl-7-((4-R-phenyl)ethynyl)-9,9a-dihydro-4aH-fluorene chromophores with R being various electron donating (ED) and electron withdrawing (EW) groups. We use wavelength-tunable femtosecond laser pulses to measure the 2PA cross sections in the lowest dipole-allowed transition and show that the substituents with stronger ED or EW character enhance the peak 2PA cross section (up to sigma(2) similar to 60-80 GM) while the neutral substituents lead to smaller cross sections, sigma(2) < 10 GM. We apply two-level approximation to establish a quantitative relation between the 2PA in the pure electronic transition (0-0) and the corresponding change of the permanent electric dipole moment upon the excitation (Delta mu). This relation is elucidated by comparing Delta mu values obtained from the 2PA measurements with quantum-chemical calculations and with measurements of solvatochromic shifts in a series of solvents. We show that the calculated Delta mu correlate well with the values obtained from the 2PA spectroscopy. The Delta mu values obtained from the solvatochromic shifts agree well with the above two methods for the chromophores with neutral or weak EW or ED substituents. On the other hand, stronger EW or ED end groups give much larger Stokes shifts, which lead to an overestimation of the Delta mu values. We tentatively attribute this effect to the excitation-induced electronic density change occurring predominantly at the substituent side of the molecule, which causes the effective point dipole associated with the Delta mu to interact more strongly with the surrounding solvent.
C1 [Rebane, Aleksander; Drobizhev, Mikhail; Makarov, Nikolay S.; Beuerman, Erich] Montana State Univ, Dept Phys, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
   [Rebane, Aleksander] NICPB, EE-12618 Tallinn, Estonia.
   [Haley, Joy E.; Douglas, M. Krein; Burke, Aaron R.; Flikkema, Jonathan L.; Cooper, Thomas M.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   [Douglas, M. Krein; Burke, Aaron R.] Gen Dynam Informat Technol, Dayton, OH 45431 USA.
   [Flikkema, Jonathan L.] SOCHE Student Res Program, Dayton, OH 45420 USA.
RP Rebane, A (reprint author), Montana State Univ, Dept Phys, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
EM rebane@physics.montana.edu; Thomas.Cooper@wpafb.af.mil
FU AFRL/RX [F33615-03-D-5408, FA9550-09-1-0219]
FX We are thankful for the support of this work by AFRL/RX contract
   F33615-03-D-5408 for D.M.K. and A.R.B., FA9550-09-1-0219 for A.R.,
   N.S.M., and E.B.
NR 40
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 2
U2 34
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1089-5639
J9 J PHYS CHEM A
JI J. Phys. Chem. A
PD MAY 5
PY 2011
VL 115
IS 17
BP 4255
EP 4262
DI 10.1021/jp200129h
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 754AX
UT WOS:000289824500015
PM 21456577
ER

PT J
AU Szmulowicz, F
   Brown, GJ
AF Szmulowicz, F.
   Brown, G. J.
TI Calculation of the vertical and horizontal electron mobilities in
   InAs/GaSb superlattices
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID INTERFACE ROUGHNESS SCATTERING; SEMICONDUCTOR SUPERLATTICES;
   LOW-TEMPERATURE; TRANSPORT
AB Efficient perpendicular transport of carriers by drift and diffusion in InAs/GaSb superlattice-based devices is necessary for achieving high device figures of merit. However, the values of perpendicular mobilities are usually inferred indirectly or through nonstandard experiments. Treating perpendicular and transverse mobilities on equal footing, we present here the results of a calculation of low-temperature perpendicular and transverse electron mobilities in InAs/GaSb superlattices as limited by interface-roughness scattering. Using the calculated mobility curves, it is possible to infer the value of the vertical mobility from measurements of the horizontal mobility. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3584865]
C1 [Szmulowicz, F.] Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
   [Brown, G. J.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Szmulowicz, F (reprint author), Univ Dayton, Res Inst, 300 Coll Pk, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
EM frank.szmulowicz.ctr@wpafb.af.mil
FU Materials & Manufacturing Directorate, AFRL/RXPS [FA8650-06-D-5401]
FX This work of FS was supported by the AF Contract No. FA8650-06-D-5401 at
   the Materials & Manufacturing Directorate, AFRL/RXPS. We would like to
   thank Dr. Heather Haugan (UTC) and Prof. Said Elhamri (U. of Dayton) for
   useful discussions.
NR 23
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 4
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
   MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD MAY 2
PY 2011
VL 98
IS 18
AR 182105
DI 10.1063/1.3584865
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 761IU
UT WOS:000290392300031
ER

PT J
AU Colacicco-Mayhugh, MG
   Grieco, JP
   Putnam, JL
   Burkett, DA
   Coleman, RE
AF Colacicco-Mayhugh, Michelle G.
   Grieco, John P.
   Putnam, John L.
   Burkett, Douglas A.
   Coleman, Russell E.
TI Impact of Phlebotomine Sand Flies on United States Military Operations
   at Tallil Air Base, Iraq: 5. Impact of Weather on Sand Fly Activity
SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE sand fly; Phlebotomus; climate; light trap; Iraq
ID ZOONOTIC CUTANEOUS LEISHMANIASIS; PSYCHODIDAE; DIPTERA; SANDFLIES;
   PAPATASI; VECTOR; AREA; MOONLIGHT
AB In this study, we examined the effect of weather and moon illumination on sand fly activity, as measured by light trap collections made between 2 May 2003 and 25 October 2004 at Tallil Air Base, Iraq. Wind speed, temperature, dew point, percentage of sky cover, and moon illumination were entered into principal components analysis. The resulting principal components were entered into stepwise regression to develop a model of the impact of the weather on sand fly collections. Wind speed, percentage of sky cover, and moon illumination each had a strong inverse relationship with the number of sand flies collected, whereas temperature displayed a direct relationship to sand fly collections. Our data indicate that sand fly light trap catches at Tallil Air Base are highest on warm, clear nights with low wind speed and minimal illumination from the moon.
C1 [Colacicco-Mayhugh, Michelle G.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
   [Grieco, John P.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
   [Putnam, John L.] USAF Acad, Ft Collins, CO 80840 USA.
   [Burkett, Douglas A.] Armed Forces Pest Management Board, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
   [Coleman, Russell E.] United States Army, Theater Army Med Lab 520, Tallil Air Base, Iran.
RP Coleman, RE (reprint author), USA Med Mat Dev Act, 1430 Vet Dr, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA.
EM Russell.coleman@us.army.mil
NR 30
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 8
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 0022-2585
EI 1938-2928
J9 J MED ENTOMOL
JI J. Med. Entomol.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 48
IS 3
BP 538
EP 545
DI 10.1603/ME10128
PG 8
WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences
SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences
GA 810JY
UT WOS:000294122800009
PM 21661314
ER

PT J
AU Aldrich, SL
   Murchland, MR
   Henning, S
AF Aldrich, Shelley L.
   Murchland, Michael R.
   Henning, Scott
TI Permanent Press Allergy in an Active Duty US Army Soldier
SO MILITARY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID CONTACT-DERMATITIS; TEXTILE DERMATITIS; FREE FORMALDEHYDE; RESINS
AB Ethylene urea/melamine formaldehyde resin (permanent press) is a common fabric finishing agent added to Army Combat Uniforms for a wrinkle-free appearance and to strengthen the fabric. We describe the case of an active duty U.S. Army soldier with a diffuse eczematous dermatitis in whom patch testing was used to identify an allergy to permanent press, a ubiquitous fabric finishing agent in the Army combat uniform. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of a soldier with an allergic contact dermatitis to ethylene urea/melamine formaldehyde resin. This case highlights the importance of considering the diagnosis of allergic contact dermatitis in patients with a recurrent eczematous dermatitis that does not respond appropriately to therapy and the unique occupational impact of diagnosing an Army soldier with permanent press allergy.
C1 [Aldrich, Shelley L.; Murchland, Michael R.; Henning, Scott] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
RP Aldrich, SL (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, 2200 Bergquist Dr,Suite 1, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
NR 12
TC 0
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US
PI BETHESDA
PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0026-4075
EI 1930-613X
J9 MIL MED
JI Milit. Med.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 176
IS 5
BP 584
EP 585
PG 2
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 792XM
UT WOS:000292783700023
PM 21634307
ER

EF