FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™
VR 1.0
PT J
AU Hall, SN
Sewell, EC
Jacobson, SH
AF Hall, Shane N.
Sewell, Edward C.
Jacobson, Sheldon H.
TI Maximizing the effectiveness of a pediatric vaccine formulary while
prohibiting extraimmunization
SO HEALTH CARE MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Pediatric immunization; Pediatric vaccines; Randomized approximation
algorithms; Discrete optimization; Dynamic programming; Heuristics;
Integer programming
AB The growing complexity of the United States Recommended Childhood Immunization Schedule has resulted in as many as five required injections during a single well-baby office visit. To reduce this number, vaccine manufacturers have developed combination vaccines that immunize against several diseases in a single injection. At the same time, a growing number of parents are challenging the safety and effectiveness of vaccinating children. They are also particularly concerned about the use of combination vaccines, since they believe that injecting a child with multiple antigens simultaneously may overwhelm a child's immune system. Moreover, combination vaccines make it more likely that extraimmunization (i.e., administering more than the required amount of vaccine antigens) occurs, resulting in greater concerns by parents and vaccine wastage costs borne by an already strained healthcare system. This paper formulates an integer programming model that solves for the maximum number of vaccines that can be administered without any extraimmunization. An exact dynamic programming algorithm and a randomized heuristic for the integer programming model is formulated and the heuristic is shown to be a randomized xi-approximation algorithm. Computational results are reported on three sets of test problems, based on existing and future childhood immunization schedules, to demonstrate their computational effectiveness and limitations. Given that future childhood immunization schedules may need to be solved for each child, on a case-by-case basis, the results reported here may provide a practical and valuable tool for the public health community.
C1 [Hall, Shane N.] USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Operat Sci, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Sewell, Edward C.] So Illinois Univ, Dept Math & Stat, Edwardsville, IL 62026 USA.
[Jacobson, Sheldon H.] Univ Illinois, Dept Comp Sci, Simulat & Optimizat Lab, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
RP Hall, SN (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Operat Sci, 2950 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM shane.hall@afit.edu; esewell@siue.edu; shj@uiuc.edu
OI Jacobson, Sheldon/0000-0002-9042-8750
NR 31
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1386-9620
J9 HEALTH CARE MANAG SC
JI Health Care Manag. Sci.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 11
IS 4
BP 339
EP 352
DI 10.1007/s10729-008-9068-5
PG 14
WC Health Policy & Services
SC Health Care Sciences & Services
GA V13EQ
UT WOS:000207650500003
PM 18998593
ER
PT J
AU Gorla, RSR
Byrd, LW
Pratt, DM
AF Gorla, Rama Subba Reddy
Byrd, Larry W.
Pratt, David M.
TI Entropy minimization in micro-scale evaporating thin liquid film in
capillary tubes
SO HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
LA English
DT Article
ID HEAT-TRANSFER; MICROFIN TUBES; MICROCHANNEL; MODEL
AB An analysis has been provided for the entropy generated for the micro/nano scale heat and mass transfer in a capillary tube in terms of the gradients of velocity, temperature and concentration as well as the physical properties of the fluid. The heat and mass transfer rates are assumed to be uniform on the surface of the capillary tube. The optimum tube diameter that corresponds to the minimization of entropy generated and minimization of fluid flow resistance is about 1 mm. We have applied the method of thermodynamic optimization to capillary driven systems. The objective was to identify the geometric configuration that maximized performance by minimizing the entropy generated when the flow rate is prescribed.
C1 [Gorla, Rama Subba Reddy] Cleveland State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Cleveland, OH 44115 USA.
[Byrd, Larry W.; Pratt, David M.] USAF, Res Lab, Thermal Struct Branch, Air Vehicles Directorate, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
RP Gorla, RSR (reprint author), Cleveland State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Cleveland, OH 44115 USA.
EM r.gorla@csuohio.edu
NR 25
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0947-7411
J9 HEAT MASS TRANSFER
JI Heat Mass Transf.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 45
IS 2
BP 131
EP 138
DI 10.1007/s00231-008-0412-6
PG 8
WC Thermodynamics; Mechanics
SC Thermodynamics; Mechanics
GA 359SH
UT WOS:000260007900002
ER
PT J
AU Pavel, AA
Sharma, A
Islam, N
AF Pavel, Akeed A.
Sharma, Ashwani
Islam, Naz
TI An Improved Model for Calculating Tunneling Current in Nanocrystal
Memory
SO IEEE ELECTRON DEVICE LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Nanocrystal (NC) memory; tunneling
ID ENHANCEMENT; IMPACT
AB A methodology to compute tunneling currents in a nanocrystal (NC) memory cell is presented to reveal the positive impact of using metal NCs as storage nodes. An analytical model for quantifying the NC effect on electrostatic potential has been used with a transmission line analogy-based quantum mechanical method to calculate the tunneling current. The model includes the effects of the electron wave function penetration into the gate dielectric and also shows the influence of NCs' spacing and material properties on the programming characteristic of the memory cell. Results can be used in optimizing the structure for maximum programming efficiency.
C1 [Pavel, Akeed A.; Islam, Naz] Univ Missouri, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
[Sharma, Ashwani] USAF, Res Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87117 USA.
RP Pavel, AA (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
EM akeed.pavel@mizzou.edu
NR 9
TC 3
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 4
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 0741-3106
J9 IEEE ELECTR DEVICE L
JI IEEE Electron Device Lett.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 29
IS 12
BP 1370
EP 1372
DI 10.1109/LED.2008.2006633
PG 3
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA 389AL
UT WOS:000262062000025
ER
PT J
AU Grosjean, DF
Schweickart, DL
Kasten, DG
Sebo, SA
Liu, X
AF Grosjean, Dennis F.
Schweickart, Daniel L.
Kasten, Donald G.
Sebo, Stephen A.
Liu, Xin
TI Development of Procedures for Partial Discharge Measurements at Low
Pressures in Air, Argon and Helium
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON DIELECTRICS AND ELECTRICAL INSULATION
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Volta Colloquium on Partial Discharge Measuements
CY 2007
CL Como, ITALY
DE Partial discharge; experimental setup; partial discharge current-pulse
waveform; rise time; partial discharge measurement requirements;
guidelines; low pressure
ID ELECTRIC-FIELD
AB Partial discharge (PD) characteristics in air, argon and helium at pressures between 101 kPa (760 Torr) to about 0.27 kPa (2 Torr) under 60 Hz ac energization were studied with various electrode arrangements. Measurements are presented for two representative electrode configurations, (1) needle-plane, with 20 mm spacing and a dielectric barrier, and (2) a twisted pair of insulated conductors. Typical PD current-pulse waveforms are presented. Difficulties in adhering to measurement guidelines defined by the IEC 60270 standard are described, and suggested modifications of the standard procedures are presented for measurement and calibration for low-pressure PD.
C1 [Grosjean, Dennis F.] Innovat Sci Solut Inc, Dayton, OH 45440 USA.
[Schweickart, Daniel L.] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Kasten, Donald G.; Sebo, Stephen A.; Liu, Xin] Ohio State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
RP Grosjean, DF (reprint author), Innovat Sci Solut Inc, 2766 Indian Ripple Rd, Dayton, OH 45440 USA.
NR 16
TC 6
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 5
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1070-9878
J9 IEEE T DIELECT EL IN
JI IEEE Trns. Dielectr. Electr. Insul.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 15
IS 6
BP 1535
EP 1543
PG 9
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Physics
GA 378GI
UT WOS:000261308800008
ER
PT J
AU Kingston, D
Beard, RW
Holt, RS
AF Kingston, Derek
Beard, Randal W.
Holt, Ryan S.
TI Decentralized Perimeter Surveillance Using a Team of UAVs
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ROBOTICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Cooperative control; coordination variables; decentralized algorithms;
perimeter surveillance; small unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs)
AB This paper poses the cooperative perimeter-surveillance problem and offers a decentralized solution that accounts for perimeter growth (expanding or contracting) and insertion/deletion of team members. By identifying and sharing the critical coordination information and by exploiting the known communication topology, only a small communication range is required for accurate performance. Simulation and hardware results are presented that demonstrate the applicability of the solution.
C1 [Kingston, Derek] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Beard, Randal W.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Provo, UT 84602 USA.
[Holt, Ryan S.] MIT, Lincoln Lab, Lexington, MA 02421 USA.
RP Kingston, D (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM derek.kingston@wpafb.af.mil; beard@byu.edu; rholt@ll.mit.edu
FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration [NNA04AA19C]; National
Science Foundation [CCR-0313056]; United States Air Force
[FA9550-04-1-0209]
FX Manuscript received October 2, 2007 revised March 26, 2008. First
published November 18, 2008; current version published December 30,
2008. This paper was recommended for publication by Associate Editor S.
Ma and Editor L. Parker upon evaluation of the reviewers' comments. This
work was supported in part by the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration under STTR Contract NNA04AA19C to Scientific Systems
Company, Inc., in pan by Brigham Young University, in part by the
National Science Foundation under Information Technology Research Grant
CCR-0313056, and in part by the United States Air Force under the Air
Force Office of Scientific Research Award FA9550-04-1-0209.
NR 18
TC 60
Z9 60
U1 1
U2 13
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 1552-3098
J9 IEEE T ROBOT
JI IEEE Trans. Robot.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 24
IS 6
BP 1394
EP 1404
DI 10.1109/TRO.2008.2007935
PG 11
WC Robotics
SC Robotics
GA 391GD
UT WOS:000262220900012
ER
PT J
AU Ashrafiuon, H
Erwin, RS
AF Ashrafiuon, Hashem
Erwin, R. Scott
TI Sliding mode control of underactuated multibody systems and its
application to shape change control
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CONTROL
LA English
DT Article
DE sliding modes; underactuated systems; shape change actuation
ID MECHANICAL SYSTEMS; STABILIZATION; SPACECRAFT; ROBOTS
AB In this article, we introduce an approach based on sliding mode control to design full state feedback controllers for stabilisation of underactuated non-linear multibody systems. We define First order sliding surfaces as a linear combination of actuated and unactuated coordinate tracking errors. Lyapunov stability analysis guarantees that all system trajectories reach and remain on the sliding surfaces. However, stability of the sliding surfaces depends on the equilibrium manifold. If the system has isolated equilibrium points, it is linearly controllable and asymptotic stability can be guaranteed under certain conditions. Otherwise, the control system fails Brockett's necessary condition for existence of a smooth stabilising feedback. In the latter case, if the total momentum is conserved, the closed-loop control system will be marginally stable. Consequently, a procedure is proposed to achieve an asymptotically stable discontinuous control law through sliding surface redefinition and shape changes. It is proposed that repetitive application of shape changes will lead to asymptotic convergence of the system to the desired configuration. Simulation results are presented for an inverted pendulum as an example of a system with isolated equilibrium points and an existing communication satellite as an example of shape change control. In both cases, the control is shown to be effective and robust with respect to uncertainties and disturbances.
C1 [Ashrafiuon, Hashem] Villanova Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Villanova, PA 19085 USA.
[Erwin, R. Scott] USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA.
RP Ashrafiuon, H (reprint author), Villanova Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Villanova, PA 19085 USA.
EM hashem.ashrafiuon@villanova.edu
NR 29
TC 43
Z9 46
U1 0
U2 13
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0020-7179
J9 INT J CONTROL
JI Int. J. Control
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 81
IS 12
BP 1849
EP 1858
DI 10.1080/00207170801910409
PG 10
WC Automation & Control Systems
SC Automation & Control Systems
GA 399TL
UT WOS:000262822100002
ER
PT J
AU Jun, M
Jeffcoat, DE
AF Jun, Myungsoo
Jeffcoat, David E.
TI Control theoretic analysis of a target search problem by a team of
search vehicles
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CONTROL
LA English
DT Article
DE cooperative search; unmanned aerial vehicles; Markov chain; linear
systems
AB This article considers a target search problem by a set of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). The problem is modelled as a discrete state, continuous-time Markov process. Convergence properties are investigated by using the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a state transition rate matrix without explicitly solving differential equations or calculating matrix exponentials. The paper also studies the effect of cueing on convergence rate using eigenvalues analysis and optimal control theoretic perspective.
C1 [Jun, Myungsoo] Univ Florida, Shalimar, FL 32579 USA.
[Jeffcoat, David E.] USAF, Res Lab, Munit Directorate, Eglin AFB, FL 32542 USA.
RP Jun, M (reprint author), Univ Florida, 1350 N Poquito Rd, Shalimar, FL 32579 USA.
EM myungsoojun@gmail.com
NR 12
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 2
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0020-7179
J9 INT J CONTROL
JI Int. J. Control
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 81
IS 12
BP 1878
EP 1885
DI 10.1080/00207170801927155
PG 8
WC Automation & Control Systems
SC Automation & Control Systems
GA 399TL
UT WOS:000262822100005
ER
PT J
AU Carver, D
Campbell, LL
Roebuck, B
AF Carver, D.
Campbell, L. L.
Roebuck, B.
TI Large-scale, hypervelocity, high-fidelity interceptor lethality
development in AEDC's range G
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 10th Hypervelocity Impact Symposium (HVIS 2007)
CY SEP 23-27, 2007
CL Williamsburg, VA
DE AEDC; Range G; LGG; High-fidelity projectile; HVIS
AB The hypervelocity ballistic range G at the Arnold Engineering Development Center (AEDC) is extensively used to conduct kinetic energy lethality tests for the Missile Defense Agency (MDA). Over the years, AEDC has continuously responded to the lethality test and evaluation requirements of Ballistic Missile Defense Systems (BMDS) at hypervelocity intercept conditions. Projectiles launched from two-stage light-gas guns experience acceleration loads that are typically orders of magnitude greater than those of the actual missile defense system. These acceleration loads drive design compromises in the projectiles' geometry and mass-density distribution necessary to survive the launch environment. A "high-fidelity" projectile with the proper geometry and mass-density distribution would provide a more representative simulation of the flight vehicle kinetic energy release at impact. Prior to the current upgrades, the range G facility provided the capability to launch large projectiles [8-in. (203-mm) diameter] with weights up to 12 kg at launch velocities up to 4 km/s but at acceleration loads near 40 K g's. Current upgrades provide for the capability to launch large-scale "higher fidelity" projectiles at the same high velocities but at half the g loads. In addition, AEDC is developing a new technique for controlling the projectile pitch at the point of impact with a simulated target. These unique capabilities will make it possible to obtain more flight-representative lethality data in a ballistic range. This paper describes the upgraded capabilities now in place and continuing plans for further upgrades. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
RP Campbell, LL (reprint author), 678 2nd St, Arnold AFB, TN 37389 USA.
EM larry.campbell@arnold.af.mil
NR 6
TC 2
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 3
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0734-743X
J9 INT J IMPACT ENG
JI Int. J. Impact Eng.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 35
IS 12
BP 1459
EP 1464
DI 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2008.07.036
PG 6
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics
SC Engineering; Mechanics
GA 392YQ
UT WOS:000262338500015
ER
PT J
AU Lambert, DE
AF Lambert, D. E.
TI Re-visiting 1-D hypervelocity penetration
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 10th Hypervelocity Impact Symposium (HVIS 2007)
CY SEP 23-27, 2007
CL Williamsburg, VA
DE Hypervelocity penetration; Energy deposition of jets; Reverse flow;
Shaped charge warhead
AB Classical, one-dimensional theory of hydrodynamic penetration is used as the basis of establishing simplified analytical relationships describing energy, momentum, and power deposition during hyper-velocity impact events. A concise overview of the 1-D model is given followed by a select grouping of terms into relationships that offer first-order criteria for making engineering design considerations on relevant applications and assist in the analysis of experimental observations. Momentum, energy, and power deposition are found to be proportional to second, third and fourth power exponents, respectively. These analytical terms are presented for constant velocity gradient, i.e. fixed length, rods as well as linear velocity gradient rods, such as shaped charge jets. The role of penetrator-to-target density ratio is then examined in terms of the backflow, or reverse flow of 1-D penetration. Again, the non-dimensional ratio of penetrator-to-target mass density is used to compare the relative velocity of material flow during penetration. The relationship highlights the role of penetrator materials for achieving desired effects in these hypervelocity, terminal ballistics events. Albeit the relationships are derived on the assumptions for hydrodynamic processes, their generality of form and ease of implementation make them a useful first-order description for engineering insight and application over a broad range of velocities. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 AF Res Lab, Munit Directorate, Eglin AFB, FL 32547 USA.
RP Lambert, DE (reprint author), AF Res Lab, Munit Directorate, 101 W Eglin Blvd,Suite 135, Eglin AFB, FL 32547 USA.
EM david.lambert@eglin.af.mil
NR 10
TC 0
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 2
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0734-743X
J9 INT J IMPACT ENG
JI Int. J. Impact Eng.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 35
IS 12
BP 1631
EP 1635
DI 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2008.07.073
PG 5
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics
SC Engineering; Mechanics
GA 392YQ
UT WOS:000262338500042
ER
PT J
AU Reinhart, WD
Thornhill, TF
Chhabildas, LC
Breiland, WG
Brown, JL
AF Reinhart, W. D.
Thornhill, T. F.
Chhabildas, L. C.
Breiland, W. G.
Brown, J. L.
TI Temperature measurements of expansion products from shock compressed
materials using high-speed spectroscopy
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 10th Hypervelocity Impact Symposium (HVIS 2007)
CY SEP 23-27, 2007
CL Williamsburg, VA
DE Spectroscopy; Hypervelocity; Temperature; Shock compression;
Composition-B
ID ALUMINUM; KM/S; NITROMETHANE; TANTALUM; PRESSURE; COPPER; GPA
AB Results from spectral radiance measurements using optical multi-channel analyzer over the visible and near infrared regime provide estimates of temperature from expansion products resulting from shocked materials. Specifically, we have made spectral radiance measurements over the wavelength regime of 300-1500 nm. Experiments conducted on aluminum, cerium, and Composition-B high explosive span a wide regime of E/E(v), where E is the internal energy increase of the shocked material, and E(v), is the specific energy required to vaporize the material. For the materials investigated, the ratio is similar to 1, 3 and 5 for aluminum, cerium, and Composition-B, respectively. The basic assumption made to deduce these temperatures is that the debris cloud is radiating as a blackbody with emissivity of one and independent of the wavelength. We are also assuming that the probe is monitoring the debris, which is at a single temperature and that there is no spatial temperature gradient. Temperatures at or above the boiling point are confirmed for aluminum and cerium, while the results for Composition-B provide the time-dependent temperature expansion history for shocked Composition-B over the stress regime of 28-130 GPa. These are the first measurements of temperature obtained from the expansion products from materials that have been shocked to very high pressures. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Reinhart, W. D.; Thornhill, T. F.; Breiland, W. G.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
[Chhabildas, L. C.] USAF, Res Lab, Eglin AFB, FL 32542 USA.
[Brown, J. L.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RP Reinhart, WD (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
EM wdreinh@sandia.gov
NR 27
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 3
U2 10
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0734-743X
J9 INT J IMPACT ENG
JI Int. J. Impact Eng.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 35
IS 12
BP 1745
EP 1755
DI 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2008.07.062
PG 11
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics
SC Engineering; Mechanics
GA 392YQ
UT WOS:000262338500060
ER
PT J
AU Thornhill, TF
Reinhart, WD
Chhabildas, LC
Breiland, WG
Alexander, CS
Brown, JL
AF Thornhill, T. F.
Reinhart, W. D.
Chhabildas, L. C.
Breiland, W. G.
Alexander, C. S.
Brown, J. L.
TI Characterization of prompt flash signatures using high-speed broadband
diode detectors
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 10th Hypervelocity Impact Symposium (HVIS 2007)
CY SEP 23-27, 2007
CL Williamsburg, VA
DE Impact flash; Photo-diode; Aluminum; Composition-B; Pyrometer
ID IMPACT; PHENOMENOLOGY
AB Impact flash is a brief, intense flash of light released when a target is impacted by a hypervelocity particle. It is caused by emissions from a jet of shocked material which is thrown from the impact site. Impact flash phenomenology has been known for decades, and is now being considered for applications where remote diagnostics are required to observe and diagnose impacts on satellites and space craft where micrometeoroid and orbital debris impacts are common. Additionally, this phenomena and remote diagnostics are under consideration for missile defense applications. Currently, optical signatures created from hypervelocity impact can be utilized as the basis for detectors (spectrometers, pyrometers), which characterize the material composition and temperature. More recent interest has focused on study of hypervelocity impact generated debris and the physics of the associated rapidly expanding and cooling multiphase debris cloud. To establish this capability technically in the laboratory, we have conducted a series of experiments on a two-stage light gas gun at impact velocities ranging from 6 to 19 km/s, which is representative for light emissions resulting from hypervelocity impacts in space. At these high impact velocities jetting is no longer the dominant mechanism for observed impact flash signatures. The focus of this work is to develop fast, inexpensive photo-diodes for use as a reliable prompt flash, and late time radiating debris cloud diagnostic to: (a) characterize material behavior in the shocked and expanding state when feasible; (b) ascertain scaling of luminosity with impact velocity; (c) determine the temperature of the impact flash resulting from radiating emissions when multiple silicon diodes are used in conjunction with narrow band pass filtering at specific wavelengths as a pyrometer. The results of these experiments are discussed in detail using both a metallic target, such as aluminum, and an organic material such as Composition-B explosive. (C) 2008 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Thornhill, T. F.] Ktech Corp Inc, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA.
[Reinhart, W. D.; Breiland, W. G.; Alexander, C. S.; Brown, J. L.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
[Chhabildas, L. C.] USAF, Res Labs, AFRL RWMW, Eglin AFB, FL 32542 USA.
RP Thornhill, TF (reprint author), Ktech Corp Inc, 10800 Gibson SE, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA.
EM tfthorn@ktech.com
NR 22
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 6
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0734-743X
J9 INT J IMPACT ENG
JI Int. J. Impact Eng.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 35
IS 12
BP 1827
EP 1835
DI 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2008.07.058
PG 9
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics
SC Engineering; Mechanics
GA 392YQ
UT WOS:000262338500071
ER
PT J
AU Pai, PF
Palazotto, AN
AF Pai, P. Frank
Palazotto, Anthony N.
TI HHT-based nonlinear signal processing method for parametric and
non-parametric identification of dynamical systems
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Hilbert-Huang transform; Time-frequency analysis; Amplitude and
frequency modulations; Identification of nonlinearities; Perturbation
analysis; Signal decomposition
ID EMPIRICAL MODE DECOMPOSITION; VIBRATION ANALYSIS; STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS;
HILBERT TRANSFORM; FREQUENCY; MODULATION; STABILITY; SPECTRUM
AB This paper presents a time-frequency signal processing method based on Hilbert-Huang transform (HHT) and a sliding-window fitting (SWF) technique for parametric and non-parametric identification of nonlinear dynamical systems. The SWF method is developed to reveal the limitations of conventional signal processing methods and to perform further decomposition of signals. Similar to the short-time Fourier transform and wavelet transform, the SWF uses windowed regular harmonics and function orthogonality to extract time-localized regular and/or distorted harmonics. On the other hand, HHT uses the apparent time scales revealed by the signal's local maxima and minima to sequentially sift components of different time scales, starting from high- to low-frequency ones. Because HHT does not use pre-determined basis functions and function orthogonality for component extraction, it provides more accurate time-varying amplitudes and frequencies of extracted components for accurate estimation of system characteristics and nonlinearities. Methods are developed to reduce the end effect caused by Gibbs' phenomenon and other mathematical and numerical problems of HHT analysis. For parametric identification of a nonlinear one-degree-of-freedom system, the method processes one free damped transient response and one steady-state response and uses amplitude-dependent dynamic characteristics derived from perturbation analysis to determine the type and order of nonlinearity and system parameters. For non-parametric identification, the method uses the maximum displacement states to determine the displacement-stiffness curve and the maximum velocity states to determine the velocity-damping curve. Moreover, the SWF method and a synchronous detection method are used for further decomposition of components extracted by HHT to improve the accuracy of parametric and non-parametric estimations. Numerical simulations of several nonlinear systems show that the proposed method can provide accurate parametric and non-parametric identifications of different nonlinear dynamical systems. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Pai, P. Frank] Univ Missouri, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
[Palazotto, Anthony N.] USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Pai, PF (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
EM paip@missouri.edu
FU AFRL/VA [FA8601-07-P-0362]
FX The authors would like to acknowledge Dr. Phil Beran of AFRL/VA for his
financial support under contract FA8601-07-P-0362.
NR 51
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U1 5
U2 22
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0020-7403
EI 1879-2162
J9 INT J MECH SCI
JI Int. J. Mech. Sci.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 50
IS 12
BP 1619
EP 1635
DI 10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2008.10.001
PG 17
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics
SC Engineering; Mechanics
GA 391AG
UT WOS:000262204200009
ER
PT J
AU Coffins, RS
McChesney, ME
McCluer, CA
Schatz, MP
AF Coffins, Randall S.
McChesney, Megan E.
McCluer, Craig A.
Schatz, Martha P.
TI Occlusion properties of prosthetic contact lenses for the treatment of
amblyopia
SO JOURNAL OF AAPOS
LA English
DT Article
AB BACKGROUND The efficacy of opaque contact lenses as Occlusion therapy for amblyopia has been established in the literature. Prosthetic contact lenses use similar tints to improve cosmosis in scarred or deformed eyes and may be an alternative in Occlusion therapy. To test this idea, we determined the degree of vision penalization elicited by prosthetic contact lenses and their effect on peripheral fusion.
METHODS We tested 19 CIBA Vision DuraSoft 3 Prosthetic soft contact lenses with varying iris prints, underprints, and opaque pupil sizes in 10 volunteers with best-corrected Snellen distance visual acuity of 20120 or better in each eye. Snellen Visual acuity and peripheral fusion using the Worth 4-Dot test at near were measured on each subject wearing each of the 19 lenses.
RESULTS Results were analyzed with 3-factor analysis of variance. Mean visual acuity through the various lenses ranged from 20/79 to 20/620. Eight lenses allowed preservation of peripheral fusion in 50% or more of the subjects tested. Iris print pattern and opaque pupil size were significant factors in determining visual acuity (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS Sufficient vision penalization can be achieved to make occlusion with prosthetic contact lenses a viable therapy for amblyopia. The degree of penalization can be varied and different iris print patterns and pupil sizes, using peripheral fusion, can be preserved with some lenses. Prosthetic contact lenses can be more cosmetically appealing and more tolerable than other amblyopia treatment modalities. These factors may improve compliance in occlusion therapy. (J AAPOS 2008;12:565-568)
C1 [Coffins, Randall S.; Schatz, Martha P.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
RP Coffins, RS (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, 2131 Pepperell St,Suite 1, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
NR 9
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 1091-8531
J9 J AAPOS
JI J. AAPOS
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 12
IS 6
BP 565
EP 568
DI 10.1016/j.jaapos.2008.04.008
PG 4
WC Ophthalmology; Pediatrics
SC Ophthalmology; Pediatrics
GA 388GX
UT WOS:000262009400007
ER
PT J
AU Asano, T
Madhukar, A
Mahalingam, K
Brown, GJ
AF Asano, Tetsuya
Madhukar, Anupam
Mahalingam, Krishnamurthy
Brown, Gail J.
TI Dark current and band profiles in low defect density thick multilayered
GaAs/InAs self-assembled quantum dot structures for infrared detectors
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID PHOTODETECTORS; TEMPERATURE; DETECTIVITY; GAAS(100); ISLANDS;
INXGA1-XAS; LAYERS; BOXES
AB We report results of a systematic study of the structural and photoresponse properties of GaAs/{InAs quantum dot (QD)/InGaAs quantum well/GaAs} Xm multiple quantum dot (MQD) structures with m from 1 to 20 placed in n-GaAs/i(MQD)/n-GaAs configuration to act as quantum dot infrared photodetectors (QDIPs). Extremely low dislocation densities inferred from cross-sectional and plan-view transmission electron microscopy and the observed linear increase in photoluminescence intensity with MQD thickness reveal the high quality of these QDIP structures. Temperature and bias dependent dark and photocurrent measurements reveal dark current activation energies (E(a)) increasing with the number of QD layers in a manner that indicates that Ea represents the built-in potential in the MQD region. These studies indicate the need for more quantitative modeling to guide optimal doping strategies and profiles to realize high photocurrents while maintaining acceptable dark current. (C) 2008 American Institute of Physics. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3039799]
C1 [Asano, Tetsuya; Madhukar, Anupam] Univ So Calif, Nanostruct Mat & Devices Lab, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
[Mahalingam, Krishnamurthy; Brown, Gail J.] Mat & Mfg Directorate, Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Asano, T (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Nanostruct Mat & Devices Lab, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
EM madhukar@usc.edu
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research (US AFOSR) under the Nanoscience
Initiative; US AFOSR [FA9550-06-1-0481]
FX This work was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research
(US AFOSR) under the Nanoscience Initiative, administrated by US AFOSR
under Grant No. FA9550-06-1-0481.
NR 41
TC 17
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 18
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD DEC 1
PY 2008
VL 104
IS 11
AR 113115
DI 10.1063/1.3039799
PG 5
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 393HI
UT WOS:000262364000016
ER
PT J
AU Lynch, C
Bliss, DF
Zens, T
Lin, A
Harris, JS
Kuo, PS
Fejer, MM
AF Lynch, C.
Bliss, D. F.
Zens, T.
Lin, A.
Harris, J. S.
Kuo, P. S.
Fejer, M. M.
TI Growth of mm-thick orientation-patterned GaAs for IR and THZ generation
SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH
LA English
DT Article
DE Hydride vapor phase epitaxy; Gallium arsenide; Nonlinear optic materials
ID VAPOR-PHASE EPITAXY; OPTICAL PARAMETRIC OSCILLATOR; MATCHED GAAS;
2ND-HARMONIC GENERATION; FILMS; DEPOSITION; CONVERSION; HCL
AB Low-pressure hydride vapor phase epitaxy (HVPE) is being used for the regrowth of thick GaAs on orientation-patterned templates for nonlinear optical frequency conversion. We have achieved epitaxial growth rates of 200 mu m/h and produced millimeter-thick films in 10-h-long growth runs. A critical problem in the HVPE regrowth of orientation-patterned GaAs is the preservation of the original patterned structure-during thick growth, the domain walls often bend and annihilate. Measurements indicated that the domain wall bending decreased as the growth temperature was reduced. The substrate miscut and the orientation of unpatterned regions also affect the vertical propagation of domain walls. In this paper we discuss the process improvements which have facilitated the production of millimeter-thick layers with nearly vertical domain walls. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Lynch, C.; Bliss, D. F.; Zens, T.] USAF, Res Lab, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
[Lin, A.; Harris, J. S.] Stanford Univ, Solid State Photon Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Kuo, P. S.; Fejer, M. M.] Stanford Univ, Edward L Ginzton Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
RP Lynch, C (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
EM candace.lynch@hanscom.af.mil
RI Schaff, William/B-5839-2009
NR 29
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 0
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-0248
J9 J CRYST GROWTH
JI J. Cryst. Growth
PD DEC 1
PY 2008
VL 310
IS 24
BP 5241
EP 5247
DI 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2008.08.050
PG 7
WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics
GA 390WH
UT WOS:000262193900002
ER
PT J
AU Ghosh, S
Mallick, S
Banerjee, K
Grein, C
Velicu, S
Zhao, J
Silversmith, D
Rodriguez, JB
Plis, E
Krishna, S
AF Ghosh, Siddhartha
Mallick, Shubhrangshu
Banerjee, Koushik
Grein, Christoph
Velicu, Silviu
Zhao, Jun
Silversmith, Don
Rodriguez, Jean Baptist
Plis, Elena
Krishna, Sanjay
TI Low-Noise Mid-Wavelength Infrared Avalanche Photodiodes
SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE Mid-wavelength infrared; strain layer superlattice; mercury cadmium
telluride; avalanche photodiode; multiplication gain; excess noise
factor; molecular beam epitaxy
ID CARRIER LIFETIMES; HGCDTE; SUPERLATTICES; DETECTORS; INAS; GAIN
AB Mid-wavelength infrared (MWIR) p(+)-n(-)-n(+) avalanche photodiodes (APDs) were fabricated using two materials systems, one with mercury cadmium telluride (HgCdTe) on a silicon (Si) substrate and the other with an indium arsenide/gallium antimonide (InAs/GaSb) strained layer superlattice (SLS). Diode characteristics, avalanche characteristics, and excess noise factors were measured for both sets of devices. Maximum zero-bias resistance times active area (R(0)A) of 3 x 10(6) ohm cm(2) and 1.1 x 10(6) ohm cm(2) and maximum multiplication gains of 1250 at - 10 V and 1800 at - 20 V were measured for the HgCdTe and the SLS, respectively, at 77 K. Gains reduce to 200 in either case at 120 K. Excess noise factors were almost constant with increasing gain and were measured in the range of 1 to 1.2.
C1 [Ghosh, Siddhartha; Mallick, Shubhrangshu; Banerjee, Koushik] Univ Illinois, Lab Photon & Magnet, Dept ECE, Chicago, IL 60607 USA.
[Grein, Christoph] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60607 USA.
[Velicu, Silviu; Zhao, Jun] EPIR Technol Inc, Bolingbrook, IL 60440 USA.
[Silversmith, Don] USAF, Off Sci Res, Arlington, VA USA.
[Rodriguez, Jean Baptist; Plis, Elena; Krishna, Sanjay] Univ New Mexico, Ctr High Technol Mat, ECE Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA.
RP Ghosh, S (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Lab Photon & Magnet, Dept ECE, 851 S Morgan St, Chicago, IL 60607 USA.
EM sghosh@ece.uic.edu
RI Krishna, Sanjay /C-5766-2009; Rodriguez, Jean-Baptiste/B-9448-2008
OI Rodriguez, Jean-Baptiste/0000-0002-1930-1984
NR 17
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 8
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0361-5235
J9 J ELECTRON MATER
JI J. Electron. Mater.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 37
IS 12
BP 1764
EP 1769
DI 10.1007/s11664-008-0542-0
PG 6
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics
GA 365AD
UT WOS:000260377400003
ER
PT J
AU Siemon, RE
Bauer, BS
Awe, TJ
Angelova, MA
Fuelling, S
Goodrich, T
Lindemuth, IR
Makhin, V
Atchison, WL
Faehl, RJ
Reinovsky, RE
Turchi, PJ
Degnan, JH
Ruden, EL
Frese, MH
Garanin, SF
Mokhov, VN
AF Siemon, R. E.
Bauer, B. S.
Awe, T. J.
Angelova, M. A.
Fuelling, S.
Goodrich, T.
Lindemuth, I. R.
Makhin, V.
Atchison, W. L.
Faehl, R. J.
Reinovsky, R. E.
Turchi, P. J.
Degnan, J. H.
Ruden, E. L.
Frese, M. H.
Garanin, S. F.
Mokhov, V. N.
TI The challenge of wall-plasma interaction with pulsed megagauss magnetic
fields
SO JOURNAL OF FUSION ENERGY
LA English
DT Article
DE magneto-inertial fusion; high energy density physics; exploding wires;
megagauss fields; brightness temperature; z-pinch; flute instability
ID Z-PINCH; COMPRESSION
AB A method is described for choosing experimental parameters in studies of high-energy-density (HED) physics relevant to fusion energy, as well as other applications. An important HED issue for magneto-inertial fusion (MIF) is the interaction of metal pusher materials with megagauss (MG) magnetic fields during liner compression of magnetic flux and fusion fuel. The experimental approach described here is to study a stationary conductor when a pulsed current generates MG fields at the surface, instead of studying the inner surface of a moving liner. This places less demand upon the pulsed power system, and significantly improves diagnostic access. Thus the deceptively simple geometry chosen for this work is that of a z pinch composed of a metal cylinder carrying large current. Consideration of well known stability issues for the z pinch shows that for given peak current and rise time from a particular power supply, there is a minimum radius and thus maximum B field that can be created without disruption of the conductor before peak current. The reasons are reviewed why MG levels of magnetic field, as required for MIF, result in high temperatures and plasma formation at the surface of the metal in response to Ohmic heating. The distinction is noted between the liner regime obtained with cylindrical rods, which have a skin depth small compared to the conductor radius, and the exploding thin-wire regime, which has skin depth larger than the wire radius. A means of diagnostic development is described using a small facility (DPM15) built at the University of Nevada, Reno. It is argued that surface plasma temperature measurements in the 10-eV range are feasible based on the intensity of visible light emission.
C1 [Siemon, R. E.; Bauer, B. S.; Awe, T. J.; Angelova, M. A.; Fuelling, S.; Goodrich, T.; Lindemuth, I. R.; Makhin, V.] Univ Nevada, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
[Atchison, W. L.; Faehl, R. J.; Reinovsky, R. E.; Turchi, P. J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA.
[Degnan, J. H.; Ruden, E. L.] USAF, Res Lab, Albuquerque, NM USA.
[Frese, M. H.] NumerEx, Albuquerque, NM USA.
[Garanin, S. F.; Mokhov, V. N.] VNIIEF, Sarov, Russia.
RP Siemon, RE (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
EM siemon@unr.edu
FU DOE OFES [DE-FG02-04ER54752, DE-FG02-06ER54892]; Los Alamos National
Laboratory
FX This work was supported by DOE OFES grants DE-FG02-04ER54752, and
DE-FG02-06ER54892. The streak camera was made available by George
Rodriguez and Peter Goodwin at Los Alamos National Laboratory.
NR 10
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 4
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0164-0313
J9 J FUSION ENERG
JI J. Fusion Energy
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 27
IS 4
BP 235
EP 240
DI 10.1007/s10894-008-9144-3
PG 6
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 354WY
UT WOS:000259671800002
ER
PT J
AU Carrell, SE
Malmstrom, FV
West, JE
AF Carrell, Scott E.
Malmstrom, Frederick V.
West, James E.
TI Peer effects in academic cheating
SO JOURNAL OF HUMAN RESOURCES
LA English
DT Article
ID ATTENDANCE; DISHONESTY; BEHAVIOR; CRIME; BIAS
AB Using self-reported academic cheating from the classes of 1959 through 2002 at the three major United States military service academies (Air Force, Army, and Navy), we measure how peer cheating influences individual cheating behavior. We find higher levels of peer cheating result in a substantially increased probability that an individual will cheat. One additional college student who cheated in high school drives approximately 0.33 to 0.47 additional college students to cheat. One additional college cheater drives approximately 0.61 to 0.75 additional college students to cheat. These results imply, in equilibrium, the social multiplier for academic cheating is approximately three.
C1 [Carrell, Scott E.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Malmstrom, Frederick V.] US Air Force Acad, Ctr Character Dev, Colorado Springs, CO USA.
RP Carrell, SE (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
EM SeCarrell@ucdavis.edu; Fred.Malmstrom@usafa.edu; Jim.West@usafa.edu
OI West, James/0000-0002-1454-2113
NR 49
TC 49
Z9 49
U1 4
U2 25
PU UNIV WISCONSIN PRESS
PI MADISON
PA JOURNAL DIVISION, 1930 MONROE ST, 3RD FL, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0022-166X
J9 J HUM RESOUR
JI J. Hum. Resour.
PD WIN
PY 2008
VL 43
IS 1
BP 173
EP 207
PG 35
WC Economics; Industrial Relations & Labor
SC Business & Economics
GA 256AN
UT WOS:000252700200006
ER
PT J
AU Mann, AB
Naik, RR
DeLong, HC
Sandhage, KH
AF Mann, Adrian B.
Naik, Rajesh R.
DeLong, Hugh C.
Sandhage, Kenneth H.
TI BIOMIMETIC AND BIO-ENABLED MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
Introduction
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Mann, Adrian B.] Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
[Naik, Rajesh R.] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[DeLong, Hugh C.] USAF, Off Sci Res, Arlington, VA 22203 USA.
[Sandhage, Kenneth H.] Georgia Inst Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
RP Mann, AB (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
RI Mann, Adrian/A-3992-2012
NR 7
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 8
PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOC
PI WARRENDALE
PA 506 KEYSTONE DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA
SN 0884-2914
J9 J MATER RES
JI J. Mater. Res.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 23
IS 12
BP 3137
EP 3139
DI 10.1557/JMR.2008.0418
PG 3
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA 379YJ
UT WOS:000261432200001
ER
PT J
AU Varanasi, CV
Burke, J
Brunke, L
Wang, H
Lee, JH
Barnes, PN
AF Varanasi, C. V.
Burke, J.
Brunke, L.
Wang, H.
Lee, J. H.
Barnes, P. N.
TI Critical current density and microstructure variations in
YBa(2)Cu(3)O(7-x) + BaSnO(3) films with different concentrations of
BaSnO(3)
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID COATED CONDUCTOR APPLICATIONS; SELF-ASSEMBLED NANODOTS; BASNO3
NANOPARTICLES; THIN-FILMS; ENHANCEMENT; DISPERSIONS; PERFORMANCE;
NANORODS
AB Previous work YBa(2)Cu(3)O(7-x) (YBCO) + BaSnO(3) (BSO) films with a single composition showed significant critical current density (J(c)) improvements at higher fields but lowered J(c) in low fields. A detailed study on BSO concentrations provided here demonstrates that significant J(c) enhancement can occur even up to 20 mol% BSO inclusion, where typical particulate inclusions in these concentrations degrade the YBCO performance. YBCO + BSO films were processed on (100) LaAlO(3) substrates using premixed targets of YBa(2)Cu(3)O(7-x) (YBCO) with additions of 2, 4, 10, and 20 mol% BSO. The cirtical transition temperature T(c) of the films remained high (>87 K), even with large amounts (20 mol%) of BSO. YBCO + BSO films showed a gradual increase in J(c) at high fields as the amount of BSO was increased. More than an order of magnitude increase in J(c) was measured in YBCO + BSO samples as compared to regular YBCO at 4 T, YBCO + 10 mol% BSO films showed overall improvement at all the field ranges while YBCO + 20 mol% BSO was better only at high fields. Transmission electron microscopy revealed the presence similar to 7-8-nm-diameter BSO nanocolumns, the density of which increased with increasing BSO content correlating well with the observed improvements in J(c).
C1 [Varanasi, C. V.; Burke, J.; Brunke, L.] Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
[Varanasi, C. V.; Burke, J.; Brunke, L.; Barnes, P. N.] USAF, Res Labs, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Wang, H.; Lee, J. H.] Texas A&M, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
RP Varanasi, CV (reprint author), Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
EM chakrapani.varanasi@wpafb.af.mil
RI Wang, Haiyan/P-3550-2014
OI Wang, Haiyan/0000-0002-7397-1209
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-07-01-0108]; Propulsion
Directorate of the Air Force Research Laboratory
FX The Air Force Office of Scientific Research and the Propulsion
Directorate of the Air Force Research Laboratory supported this work.
The TEM effort is supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific
Research program (Contract No. FA9550-07-01-0108). The authors also wish
to thank Maartense for the Tc measurements and Jose Rodriguez
for estimating the alpha values.
NR 23
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 1
PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOC
PI WARRENDALE
PA 506 KEYSTONE DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA
SN 0884-2914
J9 J MATER RES
JI J. Mater. Res.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 23
IS 12
BP 3363
EP 3369
DI 10.1557/JMR.2008.0412
PG 7
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA 379YJ
UT WOS:000261432200032
ER
PT J
AU Wu, Z
Haus, JW
Zhan, QW
Nelson, RL
AF Wu, Zhi
Haus, Joseph W.
Zhan, Qiwen
Nelson, Robert L.
TI LONG RANGE SURFACE PLASMON DEVICES DESIGN USING SUBWAVELENGTH METAL
GRATING
SO JOURNAL OF NONLINEAR OPTICAL PHYSICS & MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE Plasmonics; moduator; spectral filter
ID COUPLED-WAVE ANALYSIS; LIGHT-MODULATOR; ELECTROOPTIC MODULATOR;
RESONANCE; SENSORS; FILMS; IMPLEMENTATION; FILTERS; ANGLE
AB In this paper we review a new electro-optic devices design strategy using long range surface plasmon (LRSP) excitation along subwavelength metal grating. It is shown that LRSP can be excited on extremely thin subwavelength metal grating embedded in symmetric dielectric ambient. Due to coupling and propagation of LRSP between the metal grating nanowires, a super-narrow reflection dip can be obtained. Compared with conventional LRSP along metal thin film, much narrower resonance is achieved through decreased damping from the existence of large dielectric gaps between the grating nanowires. This interesting phenomenon can be used to design electro-optics devices with improved performance. Examples of electro-optic modulator design with lower insertion loss and low operating voltage and spectral notch filter design with very narrow spectral width will be shown. Its application in refractive index sensing is also discussed.
C1 [Wu, Zhi; Haus, Joseph W.; Zhan, Qiwen] Univ Dayton, Electopt Grad Program, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
[Nelson, Robert L.] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Wu, Z (reprint author), Univ Dayton, Electopt Grad Program, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
EM qiwen.zhan@notes.udayton.edu
FU Dayton Area Graduate Studies Institute (DAGSI) Graduate Scholarship;
AFOSR
FX Zhi Wu is supported by the Dayton Area Graduate Studies Institute
(DAGSI) Graduate Scholarship. Robert L. Nelson is also supported by the
AFOSR.
NR 25
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 6
PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD
PI SINGAPORE
PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE
SN 0218-8635
J9 J NONLINEAR OPT PHYS
JI J. Nonlinear Opt. Phys. Mater.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 17
IS 4
BP 413
EP 423
PG 11
WC Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Optics; Physics
GA 411VD
UT WOS:000263679500007
ER
PT J
AU Lefkowitz, W
Rosenberg, SH
AF Lefkowitz, W.
Rosenberg, S. H.
TI Bronchopulmonary dysplasia: pathway from disease to long-term outcome
SO JOURNAL OF PERINATOLOGY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID BIRTH-WEIGHT INFANTS; VITAMIN-A SUPPLEMENTATION; CHRONIC LUNG-DISEASE;
PULMONARY OUTCOMES; CONTROLLED-TRIAL; DEXAMETHASONE; DEFINITIONS;
CRITERIA; THERAPY; HEALTH
C1 [Lefkowitz, W.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
RP Lefkowitz, W (reprint author), 22703 Llano Sound, San Antonio, TX 78258 USA.
EM wlefkowitz@usuhs.mil
NR 24
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 0
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 0743-8346
J9 J PERINATOL
JI J. Perinatol.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 28
IS 12
BP 837
EP 840
DI 10.1038/jp.2008.110
PG 4
WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics
SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics
GA 379SU
UT WOS:000261417300010
PM 19034291
ER
PT J
AU Boakye, EE
Mogilevsky, P
Hay, RS
Fair, GE
AF Boakye, Emmanuel E.
Mogilevsky, Pavel
Hay, Randall S.
Fair, Geoff E.
TI Synthesis and Phase Composition of Lanthanide Phosphate Nanoparticles
LnPO(4) (Ln=La, Gd, Tb, Dy, Y) and Solid Solutions for Fiber Coatings
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID RARE-EARTH ORTHOPHOSPHATES; SPHERICAL RHABDOPHANE SOLS; PHOSPHORIC-ACID
SOLUTION; MONAZITE COATINGS; TRANSFORMATION PLASTICITY; MATRIX
COMPOSITES; GADOLINIUM ORTHOPHOSPHATE; OXIDE/OXIDE COMPOSITES;
SYSTEMATIC SYNTHESIS; XENOTIME
AB Rare earth phosphates with rare earths of Gd, Tb, and Dy can form either monazite or xenotime. Hydrated lanthanide phosphate precursors to monazite and xenotime were made in aqueous solution. The particles were formed by adding dilute phosphoric acid (H3PO4) to either; (a) lanthanide citrate (Ln-Cit) or (b) lanthanide nitrate (LnNO(3)) [Ln=La, Gd, Tb, Dy, and Y] solutions followed by altering the pH from similar to 1 to similar to 10 with ammonium hydroxide. Precursor particle size and morphology was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, (SEM) and weight loss was characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The phase presence at temperature was determined by differential thermal analysis (DTA) and X-ray diffraction. The influence of precursor preparation method on the presence of either monazite or xenotime after heat treatment is discussed.
C1 [Boakye, Emmanuel E.; Mogilevsky, Pavel] Universal Energy Syst Inc, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
[Hay, Randall S.; Fair, Geoff E.] Wright Patterson AFB, Mat Directorate, AF Res Lab, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
RP Boakye, EE (reprint author), Universal Energy Syst Inc, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
EM emmanuel.boakye@wpafb.af.mil
FU USAF [FA8650-04-D-5233]
FX This work was performed under USAF Contract #: FA8650-04-D-5233.
NR 53
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 3
U2 29
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0002-7820
J9 J AM CERAM SOC
JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 91
IS 12
BP 3841
EP 3849
DI 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2008.02737.x
PG 9
WC Materials Science, Ceramics
SC Materials Science
GA 384AC
UT WOS:000261714700003
ER
PT J
AU Kurdi, MH
Haftka, RT
Schmitz, TL
Mann, BP
AF Kurdi, Mohammad H.
Haftka, Raphael T.
Schmitz, Tony L.
Mann, Brian P.
TI A Robust Semi-Analytical Method for Calculating the Response Sensitivity
of a Time Delay System
SO JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND ACOUSTICS-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
LA English
DT Article
ID SURFACE LOCATION ERROR; MILLING PROCESS; STABILITY
AB It is often necessary to establish the sensitivity of an engineering system's response to variations in the process/control parameters. Applications of the calculated sensitivity include gradient-based optimization and uncertainty quantification, which generally require an efficient and robust sensitivity calculation method. In this paper, the sensitivity of the milling process, which can be modeled by a set of time delay differential equations, to variations in the input parameters is calculated. The semi-analytical derivative of the maximum eigenvalue provides the necessary information for determining the sensitivity of the process stability to input variables. Comparison with the central finite difference derivative of the stability boundary shows that the semi-analytical approach is more efficient and robust with respect to step size and numerical accuracy of the response. An investigation of the source of inaccuracy of the finite difference approximation found that it is caused by discontinuities associated with the iterative process of root finding using the bisection method.
C1 [Kurdi, Mohammad H.; Haftka, Raphael T.; Schmitz, Tony L.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Mann, Brian P.] Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
RP Kurdi, MH (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, 2210 8th St,B146, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM mhkurdi@gmail.com
RI Kurdi, Mohammad/A-3551-2009
NR 11
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 3
PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
SN 1048-9002
J9 J VIB ACOUST
JI J. Vib. Acoust.-Trans. ASME
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 130
IS 6
AR 064504
DI 10.1115/1.2981093
PG 6
WC Acoustics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics
SC Acoustics; Engineering; Mechanics
GA 364BD
UT WOS:000260310300013
ER
PT J
AU Kleiman, MP
AF Kleiman, Michael P.
TI New corrosion control facility opens at Kirtland Air Force Base
SO MATERIALS PERFORMANCE
LA English
DT Editorial Material
RP Kleiman, MP (reprint author), 377th Air Base Wing Publ Affairs, Kirtland AFB, NM USA.
EM Michael.Kleiman@kirtland.af.mil
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU NATL ASSOC CORROSION ENG
PI HOUSTON
PA 1440 SOUTH CREEK DRIVE, HOUSTON, TX 77084-4906 USA
SN 0094-1492
J9 MATER PERFORMANCE
JI Mater. Perform.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 47
IS 12
BP 19
EP 21
PG 3
WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing
SC Materials Science
GA 381NT
UT WOS:000261543900004
ER
PT J
AU Szczepanski, CJ
Jha, SK
Larsen, JM
Jones, JW
AF Szczepanski, C. J.
Jha, S. K.
Larsen, J. M.
Jones, J. W.
TI Microstructural Influences on Very-High-Cycle Fatigue-Crack Initiation
in Ti-6246
SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND
MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID TITANIUM-ALLOY; CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC ORIENTATION; FAILURE MODES; TI-6AL-4V;
LIFE; MECHANISMS; ORIGINS; METALS; GROWTH; CURVE
AB The fatigue behavior of an alpha + beta titanium alloy, Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-6Mo, has been characterized in the very-high-cycle fatigue (VHCF) regime using ultrasonic-fatigue (20 kHz) techniques. Stress levels (sigma(max)) of 40 to 60 pct of the yield strength of this alloy have been examined. Fatigue lifetimes in the range of 10(6) to 10(9) cycles are observed, and fatigue cracks initiate from both surface and subsurface sites. This study examines the mechanisms of fatigue-crack formation by quantifying critical microstructural features observed in the fatigue-crack initiation region. The fracture surface near the fatigue-crack-initiation site was crystallographic in nature. Facets, which result from the fracture of primary alpha (alpha(p)) grains, are associated with the crack-initiation process. The alpha(p) grains that form facets are typically larger in size than average. The spatial distribution of alpha(p) grains relative to each other observed near the initiation site did not correlate with fatigue life. Furthermore, the spatial distribution of alpha(p) grains did not provide a suitable means for discerning crack-initiation sites from randomly selected nominal areas. Stereofractography measurements have shown that the facets observed at or near the initiation sites are oriented for high shear stress; i.e., they are oriented close to 45 deg with respect to the loading axis. Furthermore, a large majority of the grains and laths near the site of crack initiation are preferentially oriented for either basal or prism slip, suggesting that regions where alpha(p) grains and alpha laths have similar crystallographic orientations favor crack initiation. Microtextured regions with favorable and similar orientations of alpha(p) grains and the lath alpha are believed to promote cyclic-strain accumulation by basal and prism slip. Orientation imaging microscopy (OIM) indicates that these facets form on the basal plane of alpha(p) grains. The absence of a significant role of spatial clustering of alpha(p) grains, coupled with the observation of regions of microtexture on the order of 300 to 500 mu m supports the idea that variability in fatigue life in the very-high-cycle fatigue regime results from the variability in the nature (intensity, coherence, and size) of these microtextured regions.
C1 [Szczepanski, C. J.; Jones, J. W.] Univ Michigan, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Szczepanski, C. J.; Larsen, J. M.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, AFRL RXLMN, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Jha, S. K.] Universal Technol Corp, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
RP Szczepanski, CJ (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
EM christopher.szczepanski@wpafb.af.mil
FU AFOSR Metallic Materials Program [F49620-03-1-0069]; AFRL Materials and
Manufacturing Directorate
FX The authors thank the AFOSR Metallic Materials Program (Project No.
F49620-03-1-0069) for financial support. One of the authors (CJS) thanks
the STEP program at the AFRL Materials and Manufacturing Directorate for
funding. The authors also thank C. Torbet, University of Michigan, for
technical assistance.
NR 39
TC 48
Z9 48
U1 6
U2 40
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1073-5623
J9 METALL MATER TRANS A
JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 39A
IS 12
BP 2841
EP 2851
DI 10.1007/s11661-008-9633-z
PG 11
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 365AK
UT WOS:000260378100006
ER
PT J
AU Sargent, GA
Zane, AP
Fagin, PN
Ghosh, AK
Semiatin, SL
AF Sargent, G. A.
Zane, A. P.
Fagin, P. N.
Ghosh, A. K.
Semiatin, S. L.
TI Low-Temperature Coarsening and Plastic Flow Behavior of an Alpha/Beta
Titanium Billet Material with an Ultrafine Microstructure
SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND
MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID TI-6AL-4V ALLOY; HOT-WORKING; ENHANCED SUPERPLASTICITY; VOLUME FRACTION;
SELF-DIFFUSION; HEAT-TREATMENT; BETA-TITANIUM; DEFORMATION; STRENGTH
AB The influence of microstructure evolution on the low-temperature superplasticity of ultrafine alpha/beta titanium alloys was established. For this purpose, the static and dynamic coarsening response and plastic flow behavior of Ti-6Al-4V with a submicrocrystalline microstructure were determined via a series of heat treatments and uniaxaial compression tests at temperatures of 650 degrees C, 775 degrees C, and 815 degrees C. At all test temperatures, static coarsening exhibited diffusion-controlled (r(3) vs time) kinetics and followed a dependence on phase composition and volume fraction qualitatively similar to previous observations at 850 degrees C to 950 degrees C. Dynamic coarsening at 775 degrees C and 815 degrees C and strain rates of 10(-4) and 10(-3) s(-1) were similar to prior higher-temperature observations as well in that the kinetics were approximately one order of magnitude faster than the corresponding static behaviors. The increase in coarsening rate with superimposed deformation was attributed to the enhancement of diffusion by dislocations generated in the softer beta phase. With respect to deformation response, plastic flow was superplastic with m values of similar to 0.6 at 650 degrees C, 775 degrees C, and 815 degrees C and strain rates of 10(-4) and 10(-3) s(-1). Dynamic coarsening resulted in flow hardening at both temperatures and strain rates for a short preheat time (15 minutes) but was noticeably reduced when a longer preheat time (1 hour) was used prior to testing at 10(-3) s(-1). The latter behavior was largely attributed to noticeable static coarsening during preheating. A generalized constitutive relation based on a single stress exponent and the instantaneous alpha particle size was shown to describe the superplastic flow of ultrafine Ti-6Al-4V at low and high temperatures.
C1 [Sargent, G. A.; Fagin, P. N.] UES Inc, Mat & Proc Div, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
[Zane, A. P.] Wright State Univ, Dept Chem, Dayton, OH 45435 USA.
[Ghosh, A. K.] Univ Michigan, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Semiatin, S. L.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, AFRL MLLM, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Sargent, GA (reprint author), UES Inc, Mat & Proc Div, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
EM gsargent@woh.rr.com
RI SEMIATIN, SHELDON/E-7264-2017
NR 42
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 2
U2 24
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1073-5623
J9 METALL MATER TRANS A
JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 39A
IS 12
BP 2949
EP 2964
DI 10.1007/s11661-008-9650-y
PG 16
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 365AK
UT WOS:000260378100018
ER
PT J
AU Kim, SN
Kuang, ZF
Grote, JG
Farmer, BL
Naik, RR
AF Kim, Sang N.
Kuang, Zhifeng
Grote, James G.
Farmer, Barry L.
Naik, Rajesh R.
TI Enrichment of (6,5) Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes Using Genomic DNA
SO NANO LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID CIRCULAR-DICHROISM; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; SEPARATION; SELECTION; DIAMETER;
PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; DIFFERENTIATION; DISPERSION; SPECTRA
AB Single wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) have attracted attention because of their potential in a vast range of applications, including transistors and sensors. However, immense technological importance lies in enhancing the purity and homogeneity of SWNTs with respect to their chirality for real-world electronic applications. In order to achieve optimal performance of SWNTs, the diameter, type, and chirality have to be effectively sorted. Any employed strategy for sorting SWNTs has to be scalable, nondestructible, and economical. In this paper, we present a solubilization and chirality enrichment study of commercially available SWNTs using genomic DNA. On the basis of the comparison of the photoluminescence (PL) and near-infrared absorption measurements from the SWNTs dispersed with salmon genomic DNA (SaDNA) and d(GT)(20), we show that genomic DNA specifically enriches (6,5) tubes. Circular dichroism and classical all-atom molecular dynamics simulations reveal that the genomic double-stranded SaDNA prefers to interact with (6,5) SWNTs as compared to (10,3) tubes, meanwhile single-stranded d(GT)(20) shows no or minimal chirality preference. Our enrichment process demonstrates enrichment of >86% of (6,5) SWNTs from CoMoCat nanotubes using SaDNA.
C1 [Kim, Sang N.; Kuang, Zhifeng; Grote, James G.; Farmer, Barry L.; Naik, Rajesh R.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Naik, RR (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM Rajesh.Naik@wpafb.af.mil
FU National Research Council Research
FX This research was performed while Dr. Kim held a National Research
Council Research Associateship Award at AFRL. Funding for this work was
provided by AFOSR. The authors thank Professor L. Dai and Mr. F. Du at
the University of Dayton for the help in PLE emission measurement and
Mrs. K. M. Singh at AFRL for gel electrophoresis and CD measurement.
NR 41
TC 40
Z9 41
U1 7
U2 24
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1530-6984
J9 NANO LETT
JI Nano Lett.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 8
IS 12
BP 4415
EP 4420
DI 10.1021/nl802332v
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA 382UK
UT WOS:000261630700057
PM 19053794
ER
PT J
AU Huang, V
Sakata, JT
Rhen, T
Coomber, P
Simmonds, S
Crews, D
AF Huang, Victoria
Sakata, Jon T.
Rhen, Turk
Coomber, Patricia
Simmonds, Sarah
Crews, David
TI Constraints on temperature-dependent sex determination in the leopard
gecko (Eublepharis macularius): response to Kratochvil et al.
SO NATURWISSENSCHAFTEN
LA English
DT Article
DE Temperature-dependent sex determination; Maternal effects; Leopard
gecko; Steroid hormones
ID INCUBATION-TEMPERATURE; DETERMINING SYSTEMS; YOLK STEROIDS; GONADAL SEX;
REPTILE; LIZARD; REVERSAL; COOCCURRENCE; EXPRESSION; ESTRADIOL
AB Kratochvil et al. (Naturwissenschaften 95:209-215, 2008) reported recently that in the leopard gecko (Eublepharis macularius) of the family Eublepharidae with temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD), clutches in which eggs were incubated at the same temperature produce only same-sex siblings. Interpreting this result in light of studies of sex steroid hormone involvement in sex determination, they suggested that maternally derived yolk steroid hormones could constrain sex-determining mechanisms in TSD reptiles. We have worked extensively with this species and have routinely incubated clutches at constant temperatures. To test the consistency of high frequency same-sex clutches across different incubation temperatures, we examined our records of clutches at the University of Texas at Austin from 1992 to 2001. We observed that clutches in which eggs were incubated at the same incubation temperature produced mixed-sex clutches as well as same-sex clutches. Furthermore, cases in which eggs within a clutch were separated and incubated at different temperatures produced the expected number of mixed-sex clutches. These results suggest that maternal influences on sex determination are secondary relative to incubation temperature effects.
C1 [Huang, Victoria; Simmonds, Sarah; Crews, David] Univ Texas Austin, Sect Integrat Biol, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[Sakata, Jon T.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Keck Ctr Integrat Neurosci, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.
[Rhen, Turk] Univ N Dakota, Dept Biol, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA.
[Coomber, Patricia] USAF, Dayton, OH USA.
RP Crews, D (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Sect Integrat Biol, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
EM crews@mail.utexas.edu
FU NIH [MH57874]; NSF [IOS 0750938]
FX We thank the continuing support of NIH (MH57874) and NSF (IOS 0750938).
We also thank Dr. Jim Bull for his feedback and Dr. Lukas Kratochvil and
two anonymous reviewers for constructive recommendations. The breeding
of leopard geckos from 1992 to 2001 followed the Institutional Animal
Care and Use Committee (IACUC) protocol A1469.
NR 31
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 8
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0028-1042
J9 NATURWISSENSCHAFTEN
JI Naturwissenschaften
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 95
IS 12
BP 1137
EP 1142
DI 10.1007/s00114-008-0433-5
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 363UT
UT WOS:000260293100003
PM 18690420
ER
PT J
AU Cole, WP
Marciniak, MA
Haeri, MB
AF Cole, Walter P.
Marciniak, Michael A.
Haeri, Mitchell B.
TI Atmospheric-turbulence-effects correction factors for the laser range
equation
SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE range equation; retroreflection; laser illumination; atmospheric
turbulence; near infrared; optical cross section
ID ELECTROMAGNETIC BEAM PROPAGATION; MUTUAL COHERENCE FUNCTION; OPTICAL
SCINTILLATION; INHOMOGENEOUS MEDIUM; WAVE-PROPAGATION; FLUCTUATIONS;
MEDIA; REFLECTION; SYSTEMS; MODEL
AB The capability to detect an optical target using laser illumination is typically assessed using an equation commonly referred to as the laser range equation. In practice, however, the laser range equation often produces unreliable predictions when compared to actual results under field conditions. The lack of accuracy is due in large part to the failure of the range equation to account for the effects of atmospheric turbulence on the illuminating laser beam. Retrodirective reflections from a corner cube and a simple lens-mirror system, used as a surrogate for a lens-detector optical system, were studied using near-infrared laser illumination. Each optic was tested under a variety of atmospheric conditions in order to assess the effect of atmospheric turbulence on the returned power. Using established theory, a corrective term for use in the laser range equation that accounts for turbulence-induced beam spreading is developed and compared to experimental results. Additionally, a method for correcting the lab-measured optical cross section of a focused optical system in order to account for the defocusing effects of turbulence is developed. With these corrective terms, the laser range equation was modified to provide accurate return-power predictions under varied atmospheric conditions. (c) 2008 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. [DOI: 10.1117/1.3050419]
C1 [Cole, Walter P.; Marciniak, Michael A.] USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Engn Phys, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Haeri, Mitchell B.] Raytheon Co, Space & Airborne Syst, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA.
RP Cole, WP (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Engn Phys, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM walter.p.cole@us.army.mil
NR 62
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 8
PU SPIE-SOC PHOTOPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA
SN 0091-3286
J9 OPT ENG
JI Opt. Eng.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 47
IS 12
AR 126001
DI 10.1117/1.3050419
PG 11
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 406OF
UT WOS:000263304100020
ER
PT J
AU Fernelius, NC
Tang, YJ
Hartwick, TS
Tang, SN
AF Fernelius, Nils C.
Tang, Yuanji
Hartwick, Thomas S.
Tang, Suning
TI Laser performance study of mixed vanadate crystals Nd: Y(x)Gd(1-x)VO(4)
with direct and indirect pumping
SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE solid state lasers; mixed vanadate crystals; direct excitation; indirect
excitation; laser efficiency
ID END-PUMPED LASER; ND-YVO4; OPERATION; EFFICIENCY; EMISSION; ND-GDVO4;
MIRROR; LEVEL; ARRAY; YAG
AB We present, for the first time, comparative studies of laser performance in the mixed vanadate crystals Nd: Y(x)Gd(1-x)VO(4) with direct and indirect pumping. A series of mixed vanadate crystals Nd: Y(x)Gd(1-x)VO(4) with different yttrium and gadolinium composition ratios but the same Nd(3+) dopant level is prepared under the same fabrication processes and their laser performance in the TEM(00) mode operation is studied using the same experimental configuration under direct pumping with laser diodes at 880 nm as well as indirect pumping at 808 nm. Remarkable improvement in laser efficiency and maximum achievable output power is achieved under direct 880-nm excitation over indirect 808-nm excitation. The maximum optical slope efficiency in the TEM00 mode operation is 74% with direct 880-nm pumping, which also produces the maximum overall optical-to-optical conversion efficiency of 59%. The maximum attainable laser power is up to 50% higher under direct 880-nm pumping over the more conventional 808-nm pumping. These achieved results provide valuable insight into crystal composition selection and pump schemes for the mixed vanadate crystals, which have the potential to tailor laser parameters through crystal composition engineering. (c) 2008 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. [DOI: 10.1117/1.3041762]
C1 [Fernelius, Nils C.] USAF, Res Lab, AFRL RXPSO, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Tang, Yuanji; Hartwick, Thomas S.; Tang, Suning] Crystal Res Inc, Fremont, CA 94539 USA.
RP Fernelius, NC (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, AFRL RXPSO, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM suningtang@eocrystal.com
FU U. S. Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL); Missile Defense Agency (MDA)
[F33615-03-M-5437, FA8650-04-C-5433]
FX This work was supported in part by the U. S. Air Force Research
Laboratory (AFRL) and Missile Defense Agency (MDA). Most of this work
was done under Air Force contracts F33615-03-M-5437 and
FA8650-04-C-5433.
NR 22
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 9
PU SPIE-SOC PHOTOPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA
SN 0091-3286
J9 OPT ENG
JI Opt. Eng.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 47
IS 12
AR 124201
DI 10.1117/1.3041762
PG 8
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 406OF
UT WOS:000263304100015
ER
PT J
AU Zhdanov, BV
Shaffer, MK
Sell, J
Knize, R
AF Zhdanov, B. V.
Shaffer, M. K.
Sell, J.
Knize, R. J.
TI Cesium vapor laser with transverse pumping by multiple laser diode
arrays
SO OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Alkali lasers; Optically pumped lasers
AB We have demonstrated a Cs vapor laser that utilizes fifteen laser diode arrays for transverse pumping of the gain medium. A maximum output power of 28 W was achieved with a total optical to optical efficiency of 14% and a slope efficiency of 15%. Transverse pumping allows scaling of such a laser system to a higher power level by simple increasing of the gain medium volume and the number of pump sources. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Zhdanov, B. V.; Shaffer, M. K.; Sell, J.; Knize, R. J.] USAF Acad, Laser & Opt Res Ctr, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
RP Zhdanov, BV (reprint author), USAF Acad, Laser & Opt Res Ctr, 2354 Fairchild Dr,Suite 2A31, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
EM boris.zhdanov.ctr@usafa.edu
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research; Joint Technology Office for
High Energy Lasers; National Science Foundation
FX We acknowledge support of the Air Force Office of Scientific Research,
the Joint Technology Office for High Energy Lasers, and the National
Science Foundation.
NR 7
TC 21
Z9 25
U1 1
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0030-4018
J9 OPT COMMUN
JI Opt. Commun.
PD DEC 1
PY 2008
VL 281
IS 23
BP 5862
EP 5863
DI 10.1016/j.optcom.2008.08.046
PG 2
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 378AS
UT WOS:000261294100040
ER
PT J
AU McAdams, RM
Ellis, MW
Trevino, S
Rajnik, M
AF McAdams, Ryan M.
Ellis, Michael W.
Trevino, Sherry
Rajnik, Michael
TI Spread of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus USA300 in a
neonatal intensive care unit
SO PEDIATRICS INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
DE infant; infection control; methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus;
USA300
ID FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; PANTON-VALENTINE LEUKOCIDIN; NOSOCOMIAL
TRANSMISSION; INFECTION; CHILDREN; EMERGENCE; STRAINS; COLONIZATION;
SURVEILLANCE; HOUSEHOLDS
AB Reports of community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) in neonatal intensive care units (NICU) and in otherwise healthy patients without obvious risk factors have been increasing in frequency. Described herein is a cluster of cases of CA-MRSA USA300 strains in an NICU affecting infants, health-care workers and the health-care workers' families.
Infants and health-care workers with infection and colonization due to MRSA between 1 January 2004 and 30 June 2005 in a tertiary care center NICU in San Antonio, TX were studied. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing and polymerase chain reaction detection of the mecA gene characterized the MRSA isolates. All MRSA cases were reviewed for clinical severity of infection and outcome.
During the 18 months studied, a total of four (0.6%) of 676 infants had CA-MRSA bacteremia or colonization. One infant with necrotizing pneumonia died and three health-care workers who directly cared for the infected infants developed soft-tissue infections caused by CA-MRSA. Four family members of two health-care workers subsequently developed soft-tissue infections. All of the analyzed isolates (eight of nine) belonged to pulsed-field type USA300 and possessed Panton-Valentine leukocidin genes, which have been associated with severe skin and soft-tissue infections, and necrotizing pneumonia.
It is likely that the CA-MRSA USA300 strain can be transmitted between NICU patients to health-care workers and their family members. The CA-MRSA cases reported here reinforce the virulence of CA-MRSA USA300 strains and emphasize the need to embrace infection control practices designed to protect hospitalized patients, health-care workers and their family members.
C1 [McAdams, Ryan M.] US Naval Hosp Okinawa, Dept Neonatol, Fpo, AP 963621600, Japan.
[McAdams, Ryan M.] 18th Med Grp, Kadena Air Base, Japan.
[McAdams, Ryan M.; Rajnik, Michael] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA.
[Trevino, Sherry] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA.
[Ellis, Michael W.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Infect Dis, San Antonio, TX USA.
[Rajnik, Michael] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
RP McAdams, RM (reprint author), US Naval Hosp Okinawa, Dept Neonatol, PSC 482, Fpo, AP 963621600, Japan.
EM ryan.mcadams@.med.navy.mil
NR 48
TC 22
Z9 24
U1 1
U2 2
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1328-8067
J9 PEDIATR INT
JI Pediatr. Int.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 50
IS 6
BP 810
EP 815
DI 10.1111/j.1442-200X.2008.02646.x
PG 6
WC Pediatrics
SC Pediatrics
GA 374YU
UT WOS:000261080400004
PM 19067897
ER
PT J
AU McHugh, JP
Jumper, GY
Chun, M
AF McHugh, John P.
Jumper, George Y.
Chun, Mark
TI Balloon Thermosonde Measurements over Mauna Kea and Comparison with
Seeing Measurements
SO PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC
LA English
DT Article
AB Optical turbulence was measured over Mauna Kea on the island of Hawaii using thermosondes suspended from ascending balloons. A sequence of nine balloons were launched, three each on the nights of 2002 December 12, 13, and 17. The results are used to determine a profile of C(n)(2); then an integral of C(n)(2) produces a profile of seeing, which clearly shows the altitudes that primarily contribute to the value of seeing at the summit of Mauna Kea. The results show that when seeing is generally good, then all altitudes contribute equally to the seeing. When the seeing is poor, several distinct altitudes are responsible. Further measurements were made simultaneously with a DIMM seeing monitor, located on the summit of Mauna Kea. The DIMM and the thermosonde show good agreement, although the thermosonde always underpredicts the seeing at the summit.
C1 [McHugh, John P.] Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
[Jumper, George Y.] USAF, Res Lab, Hanscom AFB, MA USA.
[Chun, Mark] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Hilo, HI 96720 USA.
RP McHugh, JP (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
NR 6
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 1
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-6280
J9 PUBL ASTRON SOC PAC
JI Publ. Astron. Soc. Pac.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 120
IS 874
BP 1318
EP 1324
DI 10.1086/595871
PG 7
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 385XS
UT WOS:000261847500007
ER
PT J
AU Carroll, MB
Bond, MI
AF Carroll, Matthew B.
Bond, Michael I.
TI Use of Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha Inhibitors in Patients with Chronic
Hepatitis B Infection
SO SEMINARS IN ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM
LA English
DT Review
DE tumor necrosis factor alpha; hepatitis B; etanercept; infliximab;
adalimumab
ID CHRONIC VIRAL-HEPATITIS; RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; VIRUS-INFECTION;
TNF-ALPHA; INFLIXIMAB THERAPY; CROHNS-DISEASE; T-CELLS;
ANKYLOSING-SPONDYLITIS; BIOLOGIC THERAPIES; REACTIVATION
AB Objective: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) inhibitors have emerged as a potent treatment for rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but not Without significant risks. In chronic hepatitis B viral infection TNF-alpha is readily produced, and viral clearance is dependent on the amount bioavailable. Limited data suggest that TNF-a inhibitors may facilitate uncontrolled hepatitis B viral replication. The purpose of this article was to provide a detailed review of the role of TNF-alpha in controlling hepatitis B vital infection and the clinical impact blockade might have on viral control.
Methods: We describe a patient with chronic hepatitis B viral infection and RA treated with etanercept. We then review case reports, expert opinion, and manufacturer recommendations regarding hepatitis B viral infection, TNF-alpha, and TNF-alpha inhibitors.
Results: To date, 13 patients with chronic hepatitis B infection treated with TNF-alpha inhibitors have been reported: 11 with infliximab and 2 with etanercept. Some patients received antiviral therapy For hepatitis B (specifically, lamivudine) before, during, or after TNF-alpha inhibitors were started. Clinically apparent reactivation of hepatitis B virus typically Occurred 1 month after the 3rd dose of infliximab. Etanercept was not associated with a similar reactivation. The difference between infliximab and etanercept in viral reactivation may be linked to the pharmacologic difference of each medication.
Conclusions: TNF-alpha inhibitors in general should be used cautiously In chronic hepatitis B viral infection. But if necessary, when deciding which agent to use, the clinician should consider the mechanism by which the body clears TNF-alpha.
C1 [Carroll, Matthew B.; Bond, Michael I.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, SAUSHEC, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
RP Carroll, MB (reprint author), 301 1st St, Keesler AFB, MS 39564 USA.
EM matthew.carroll@keesler.af.mil
NR 58
TC 58
Z9 63
U1 0
U2 1
PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA
SN 0049-0172
J9 SEMIN ARTHRITIS RHEU
JI Semin. Arthritis Rheum.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 38
IS 3
BP 208
EP 217
DI 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2007.10.011
PG 10
WC Rheumatology
SC Rheumatology
GA 382RC
UT WOS:000261622100004
PM 18221983
ER
PT J
AU Vrsnak, B
Cliver, EW
AF Vrsnak, Bojan
Cliver, Edward W.
TI Origin of Coronal Shock Waves Invited Review
SO SOLAR PHYSICS
LA English
DT Review
DE Shock waves; Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD); Sun: corona; Sun: coronal mass
ejections (CMEs); Sun: flares
ID II RADIO-BURSTS; SOLAR ACTIVE-REGION; X-RAY OBSERVATIONS; 2002 JULY 23;
MASS EJECTION; EIT WAVES; WHITE-LIGHT; H-ALPHA; FLARE WAVES;
INTERPLANETARY SHOCKS
AB The basic idea of the paper is to present transparently and confront two different views on the origin of large-scale coronal shock waves, one favoring coronal mass ejections (CMEs), and the other one preferring flares. For this purpose, we first review the empirical aspects of the relationship between CMEs, flares, and shocks (as manifested by radio type II bursts and Moreton waves). Then, various physical mechanisms capable of launching MHD shocks are presented. In particular, we describe the shock wave formation caused by a three-dimensional piston, driven either by the CME expansion or by a flare-associated pressure pulse. Bearing in mind this theoretical framework, the observational characteristics of CMEs and flares are revisited to specify advantages and drawbacks of the two shock formation scenarios. Finally, we emphasize the need to document clear examples of flare-ignited large-scale waves to give insight on the relative importance of flare and CME generation mechanisms for type II bursts/Moreton waves.
C1 [Vrsnak, Bojan] Hvar Observ, Fac Geodesy, Zagreb, Croatia.
[Cliver, Edward W.] USAF, Res Lab, Res Vehicles Directorate, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
RP Vrsnak, B (reprint author), Hvar Observ, Fac Geodesy, Zagreb, Croatia.
EM bvrsnak@geof.hr
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA8655-06-1-3036]
FX We thank the referee and the guest editor K.-L. Klein for helpful and
stimulating comments. E. W. C. acknowledges support from the Window on
Europe Program of the Air Force Office of Scientific Research. B. V.
acknowledges support by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research,
USAF, grant number FA8655-06-1-3036.
NR 115
TC 113
Z9 114
U1 2
U2 5
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0038-0938
J9 SOL PHYS
JI Sol. Phys.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 253
IS 1-2
BP 215
EP 235
DI 10.1007/s11207-008-9241-5
PG 21
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 382AJ
UT WOS:000261576700015
ER
PT J
AU Maynard, JL
Bell, JE
Johnson, AW
AF Maynard, Jill L.
Bell, John E.
Johnson, Alan W.
TI Frustrated Hazardous Material: Military and Commercial Training
Implications
SO TRANSPORTATION JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
C1 [Maynard, Jill L.; Johnson, Alan W.] USAF, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Bell, John E.] Georgia Coll & State Univ, Milledgeville, GA 31061 USA.
RP Maynard, JL (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
NR 28
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC TRANSPORTATION LOGISTICS
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1400 EYE ST, NW, SUITE 1050, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0041-1612
J9 TRANSPORT J
JI Transp. J.
PD WIN
PY 2008
VL 47
IS 1
BP 30
EP 42
PG 13
WC Management; Transportation
SC Business & Economics; Transportation
GA V16IY
UT WOS:000207864500003
ER
PT J
AU Levine, DS
Perlovsky, LI
AF Levine, Daniel S.
Perlovsky, Leonid I.
TI SIMPLIFYING HEURISTICS VERSUS CAREFUL THINKING: SCIENTIFIC ANALYSIS OF
MILLENNIAL SPIRITUAL ISSUES
SO ZYGON
LA English
DT Article
DE amygdala; anterior cingulate cortex; beautiful; biblical story of the
fall; brain; causality; cognitive science; creativity; decision making;
dorsolateral prefrontal cortex; effort minimization; emotions;
evolutionary adaptations; frontal lobes; heuristics; knowledge instinct;
neural networks; original sin; psychology; risk; sublime; teleology
ID HUMAN BRAIN; ATTENTION; CORTEX; CONSCIOUSNESS; LIKELIHOOD; DISSONANCE;
EMOTION; SEARCH; BIASES; LINK
AB There is ample evidence that humans (and other primates) possess a knowledge instinct-a biologically driven impulse to make coherent sense of the world at the highest level possible. Yet behavioral decision-making data suggest a contrary biological drive to minimize cognitive effort by solving problems using simplifying heuristics. Individuals differ, and the same person varies over time, in the strength of the knowledge instinct. Neuroimaging studies suggest which brain regions might mediate the balance between knowledge expansion and heuristic simplification. One region implicated in primary emotional experience is more activated in individuals who use primitive heuristics, whereas two areas of the cortex are more activated in individuals with a strong knowledge drive: one region implicated in detecting risk or conflict and another implicated in generating creative ideas. Knowledge maximization and effort minimization are both evolutionary adaptations, and both are valuable in different contexts. Effort minimization helps us make minor and routine decisions efficiently, whereas knowledge maximization connects us to the beautiful, to the sublime, and to our highest aspirations. We relate the opposition between the knowledge instinct and heuristics to the biblical story of the fall, and argue that the causal scientific worldview is mathematically equivalent to teleological arguments from final causes. Elements of a scientific program are formulated to address unresolved issues.
C1 [Levine, Daniel S.] Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Psychol, Arlington, TX 76019 USA.
[Perlovsky, Leonid I.] Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Perlovsky, Leonid I.] USAF, Res Lab, SN, Hanscom Afb, MA 01731 USA.
RP Levine, DS (reprint author), Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Psychol, Arlington, TX 76019 USA.
EM levine@uta.edu; leonid@seas.harvard.edu
NR 61
TC 38
Z9 38
U1 2
U2 5
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0591-2385
J9 ZYGON
JI Zygon
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 43
IS 4
BP 797
EP 821
DI 10.1111/j.1467-9744.2008.00961.x
PG 25
WC Social Issues; Religion
SC Social Issues; Religion
GA 375JO
UT WOS:000261110200004
ER
PT J
AU Lewis, WK
Lindsay, CM
Miller, RE
AF Lewis, William K.
Lindsay, C. Michael
Miller, Roger E.
TI Ionization and fragmentation of isomeric van der Waals complexes
embedded in helium nanodroplets
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE charge exchange; drops; electron impact dissociation; electron impact
ionisation; helium; mass spectra; quasimolecules
ID ELECTRON-IMPACT IONIZATION; LIQUID-HELIUM; CHARGE-TRANSFER;
MASS-SPECTROMETRY; CLUSTERS; DROPLETS; SPECTROSCOPY; IONS; MOLECULES;
HE-4
AB The ionization and charge transfer processes, which occur when a doped helium droplet undergoes electron impact, are studied for droplets doped with van der Waals complexes with various structures and electrostatic moments. The mass spectra of the two isomers of hydrogen cyanide complexed with either cyanoacetylene or acetylene in helium droplets were obtained using optically selected mass spectrometry, and show that the structure of the complex has a large effect on the fragmentation pattern. The resulting fragmentation pattern is consistent with an ionization process in which charge steering strongly influences the site of initial ionization. The observed dissociation products may also be subject to caging by the helium matrix.
C1 [Lewis, William K.; Lindsay, C. Michael; Miller, Roger E.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Chem, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
[Lewis, William K.] Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Sensors Technol Off, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
[Lindsay, C. Michael] USAF, Res Lab, RWME, Eglin AFB, FL 32542 USA.
RP Lewis, WK (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Chem, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
EM lewiswik@notes.udayton.edu
FU NSF [CHE-04-46594]; Pfizer
FX Financial support for this research was provided by Pfizer. Partial
support was also acknowledged from the NSF (Grant No. CHE-04-46594).
NR 42
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 10
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD NOV 28
PY 2008
VL 129
IS 20
AR 201101
DI 10.1063/1.3025917
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 396QV
UT WOS:000262607100001
PM 19045843
ER
PT J
AU Liu, CH
He, HY
Pandey, R
Hussain, S
Karna, SP
AF Liu, Chunhui
He, Haiying
Pandey, Ravindra
Hussain, Saber
Karna, Shashi P.
TI Interaction of Metallic Nanoparticles with a Biologically Active
Molecule, Dopamine
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B
LA English
DT Article
ID AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; CLUSTERS; NANOMATERIALS;
CONFORMATION; DYNAMICS
AB We present the results of first-principles molecular orbital calculations describing the interaction of metallic nanoparticles, represented by Mn-13, Ag-13, and Al-13 atomic clusters, with a biologically active molecule, dopamine. The interaction strength, determined in terms of the nanoparticle-molecule complex binding energy, is found to be higher for Mn than either Ag or Al and can be explained in terms of the degree of the hybridization of the (metal) atomic orbitals with the molecular orbitals in the complex. Furthermore, smaller interaction strength of these metallic nanoparticles with water compared to that with dopamine predicts the preference of forming a complex of dopamine with the metallic nanoparticles in the aqueous solution. The calculated results may therefore suggest that the presence of these metallic nanoparticles could induce different levels of dopamine depletion in solution.
C1 [Liu, Chunhui; He, Haiying; Pandey, Ravindra] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Phys, Houghton, MI 49931 USA.
[Liu, Chunhui; He, Haiying; Pandey, Ravindra] Michigan Technol Univ, Multiscale Technol Inst, Houghton, MI 49931 USA.
[Hussain, Saber] USAF, Res Lab, Dayton, OH USA.
[Karna, Shashi P.] USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA.
RP Pandey, R (reprint author), Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Phys, Houghton, MI 49931 USA.
EM pandey@mtu.edu
FU DARPA [ARL-DAAD 17-03-C-0115]
FX Helpful discussions with R. Scheicher, S. Gowtham, and K. C. Lau are
acknowledged. The work at Michigan Technological University was
supported by DARPA (contract No. ARL-DAAD 17-03-C-0115).
NR 29
TC 9
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1520-6106
J9 J PHYS CHEM B
JI J. Phys. Chem. B
PD NOV 27
PY 2008
VL 112
IS 47
BP 15256
EP 15259
DI 10.1021/jp808009t
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 374PO
UT WOS:000261056400068
PM 18983187
ER
PT J
AU Malingre, M
Berthelier, JJ
Pfaff, R
Jasperse, J
Parrot, M
AF Malingre, M.
Berthelier, J. -J.
Pfaff, R.
Jasperse, J.
Parrot, M.
TI Lightning-induced lower-hybrid turbulence and trapped Extremely Low
Frequency (ELF) electromagnetic waves observed in deep equatorial plasma
density depletions during intense magnetic storms
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID TRANSVERSE ION-ACCELERATION; PROCESSING ONBOARD DEMETER; SOLITARY
STRUCTURES; SCIENTIFIC OBJECTIVES; AURORAL IONOSPHERE; FIELD EXPERIMENT;
LINE RADIATION; JULY 15; BUBBLES; CAVITIES
AB During the early phase of the intense magnetic storm of 7-11 November 2004, the DEMETER satellite encountered large-scale equatorial plasma density depletions with density decreases of two or three orders of magnitude. Wave measurements carried out inside these depletions show the occurrence of broadband and localized lower-hybrid turbulence triggered by whistlers propagating from thunderstorm lightning occurring below the orbit path. High-sample-rate waveforms reveal that this lower-hybrid turbulence can evolve into localized large-amplitude quasi-monochromatic wave packets similar to lower-hybrid structures that were, up to now, only observed in the auroral regions, usually on high-latitude magnetic field lines associated with discrete aurora. These equatorial structures have typical amplitudes of up to 20 mV/m and durations of similar to 20-30 ms. Simultaneous thermal ion measurements show that these bursts are often correlated with small-scale density depletions of 5-10%. Although the lower-hybrid structures are less intense than those observed in the auroral zone and although their energy source is different, our observations lend support to the idea that the formation of lower-hybrid structures is an universal mechanism operating in inhomogeneous magnetized space plasmas in the presence of VLF whistler mode turbulence. Besides the lower-hybrid turbulence, another interesting feature is the occurrence of strong narrowband electromagnetic ELF emissions with amplitudes of a few millivolts per meter at frequencies below the proton gyrofrequency. They are continuously observed throughout the entire depletion. These emissions occur not only within the depletions but also, although less intense, outside of them over a large latitudinal range. They are tentatively identified as magnetospheric line radiations (MLRs) commonly observed during magnetically disturbed periods. Similar events were observed on 15 May 2005 and on 24 August 2005 during two other intense magnetic storms.
C1 [Malingre, M.; Berthelier, J. -J.] CNRS, Ctr Etude Environm Terrestre & Planetaires, F-94107 St Maur Des Fosses, France.
[Pfaff, R.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Jasperse, J.] Hanscom AFB, AF Res Lab, Bedford, MA USA.
[Parrot, M.] Lab Phys & Chim Environm, Orleans, France.
RP Malingre, M (reprint author), CNRS, Ctr Etude Environm Terrestre & Planetaires, 4 Ave Neptune, F-94107 St Maur Des Fosses, France.
EM michel.malingre@cetp.ipsl.fr
RI Pfaff, Robert/F-5703-2012
OI Pfaff, Robert/0000-0002-4881-9715
FU CNES [DEMETER/736/7621]; Air Force Office of Scientific Research
FX This work was supported by funding from CNES under DEMETER/736/7621
grants from 1999 to 2004. J.J. was supported by the
Windows-on-Europe-Program at the Air Force Office of Scientific
Research.
NR 49
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9380
EI 2169-9402
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD NOV 26
PY 2008
VL 113
IS A11
AR A11320
DI 10.1029/2008JA013463
PG 17
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 377JM
UT WOS:000261247500001
ER
PT J
AU Salem, AA
Glavicic, MG
Semiatin, SL
AF Salem, A. A.
Glavicic, M. G.
Semiatin, S. L.
TI The effect of preheat temperature and inter-pass reheating on
microstructure and texture evolution during hot rolling of Ti-6Al-4V
SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES
MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
LA English
DT Article
DE Ti-6Al-4V alloy; Hot rolling; Texture; Reheating
ID TITANIUM-ALLOYS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; SECONDARY-ALPHA; ANISOTROPY;
WORKING; FLOW
AB The effect of preheat temperature and inter-pass reheating on microstructure and texture evolution during unidirectional hot rolling of Ti-6A1-4V in the alpha + beta field was investigated. Three different heating schedules were used to roll plates at 10% reduction per pass to a 3:1 total reduction (true strain = 1.15): (1) preheat at 955 degrees C with inter-pass reheating for 3 min, (2) preheat at 955 degrees C without interpass reheating, and (3) preheat at 815 degrees C with inter-pass reheating for 3 min. Following rolling, each plate was air cooled to simulate production practice. The microstructures and textures were determined using electron-backscatter and X-ray diffraction techniques. The results revealed that the intensity of basal poles decreased along the rolling direction and increased along the normal and transverse directions with decreasing rolling (furnace) temperature or the elimination of reheating between passes. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Salem, A. A.] Universal Technol Corp, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
[Semiatin, S. L.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, AFRL RXLM, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Glavicic, M. G.] UES Inc, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
RP Salem, AA (reprint author), Universal Technol Corp, 1270 N Fairfield Rd, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
EM ayman.salem@wpafb.af.mil
RI SEMIATIN, SHELDON/E-7264-2017;
OI Salem, Ayman/0000-0003-0907-1502
FU Air Force [F33615-03-D-5801, FA8650-04-D-5235]
FX This work was conducted as part of the in-house research activities of
the Metals Processing Group of the Air Force Research Laboratory's
Materials and Manufacturing Directorate. The support and encouragement
of the Laboratory management and the Air Force Office of Scientific
Research (Dr. J. Fuller, program manager) are gratefully acknowledged.
The assistance of R. Wheeler in conducting the experimental work is much
appreciated. Two of the authors were supported through Air Force
Contracts F33615-03-D-5801 (AAS) and FA8650-04-D-5235 (MGG).
NR 18
TC 7
Z9 12
U1 3
U2 23
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0921-5093
J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT
JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process.
PD NOV 25
PY 2008
VL 496
IS 1-2
BP 169
EP 176
DI 10.1016/j.msea.2008.05.017
PG 8
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy &
Metallurgical Engineering
GA 368RE
UT WOS:000260639400021
ER
PT J
AU Tuteja, A
Choi, W
Mabry, JM
McKinley, GH
Cohen, RE
AF Tuteja, Anish
Choi, Wonjae
Mabry, Joseph M.
McKinley, Gareth H.
Cohen, Robert E.
TI Robust omniphobic surfaces
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
DE Cassie state; composite interface; liquid-repellency; superhydrophobic;
superoleophobic
ID FIBERS EXHIBITING SUPERHYDROPHOBICITY; OIL-REPELLENT SURFACES;
ULTRALYOPHOBIC SURFACES; ROUGH SURFACES; CONTACT ANGLES; WATER; DESIGN;
LOTUS; DROPS; MODEL
AB Superhydrophobic surfaces display water contact angles greater than 150 degrees in conjunction with low contact angle hysteresis. Microscopic pockets of air trapped beneath the water droplets placed on these surfaces lead to a composite solid-liquid-air interface in thermodynamic equilibrium. Previous experimental and theoretical studies suggest that it may not be possible to form similar fully-equilibrated, composite interfaces with drops of liquids, such as alkanes or alcohols, that possess significantly lower surface tension than water (gamma/v = 72.1 mN/m). In this work we develop surfaces possessing re-entrant texture that can support strongly metastable composite solid-liquid-air interfaces, even with very low surface tension liquids such as pentane (gamma/v = 15.7 mN/m). Furthermore, we propose four design parameters that predict the measured contact angles for a liquid droplet on a textured surface, as well as the robustness of the composite interface, based on the properties of the solid surface and the contacting liquid. These design parameters allow us to produce two different families of re-entrant surfaces-randomly-deposited electrospun fiber mats and precisely fabricated microhoodoo surfaces-that can each support a robust composite interface with essentially any liquid. These omniphobic surfaces display contact angles greater than 150 degrees and low contact angle hysteresis with both polar and non-polar liquids possessing a wide range of surface tensions.
C1 [Tuteja, Anish; Cohen, Robert E.] MIT, Dept Chem Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Choi, Wonjae; McKinley, Gareth H.] MIT, Dept Mech Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Mabry, Joseph M.] Prop Directorate, AF Res Lab, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA.
RP Cohen, RE (reprint author), MIT, Dept Chem Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
EM gareth@mit.edu; recohen@mit.edu
RI McKinley, Gareth/G-4872-2011
OI McKinley, Gareth/0000-0001-8323-2779
FU Air Force Research Lab Propulsion Directorate [FA9300-06M-T015]; Air
Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-07-10272, LRIR-92PL0COR]
FX We thank Shreerang Chhatre for his help with various experiments, and
Prof. Michael F. Rubner and the Institute for Soldier Nanotechnologies
at Massachusetts Institute of Technology for the use of various
laboratory facilities. This study was funded by financial support from
the Air Force Research Lab Propulsion Directorate under contract
FA9300-06M-T015 and the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under
contract FA9550-07-10272 and LRIR-92PL0COR.
NR 42
TC 459
Z9 466
U1 32
U2 353
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD NOV 25
PY 2008
VL 105
IS 47
BP 18200
EP 18205
DI 10.1073/pnas.0804872105
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 380TY
UT WOS:000261489300031
PM 19001270
ER
PT J
AU Hunter, CN
Check, MH
Bultman, JE
Voevodin, AA
AF Hunter, Chad N.
Check, Michael H.
Bultman, John E.
Voevodin, Andrey A.
TI Development of matrix-assisted pulsed laser evaporation (MAPLE) for
deposition of disperse films of carbon nanoparticles and
gold/nanoparticle composite films
SO SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE MAPLE; Laser; Nanopearls; Magnetron sputtering; Nanocomposite
ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; FOAM-LIKE ARRANGEMENT; NANOPEARLS; SPHERES;
GROWTH
AB Carbon nanopearls films were deposited onto silicon substrates using MAPLE. A 248 nm, KrF excimer laser was directed onto a target consisting of similar to 150 nm-sized carbon nanopearls dispersed in a solvent solution and frozen in liquid nitrogen. The morphology of deposited carbon nanopearl films found to be influenced by matrix solvent, laser energy, repetition rate, background pressure, and substrate temperature. At ambient laboratory temperatures. the morphology of deposited films was characterized by highly concentrated areas of carbon nanopearls in the shape of hollow rings, caused by impingement of liquid droplets of the solvent/nanopearl suspension on the substrate surface followed by evaporation of the solvent. As the substrate temperature was increased, the size of the liquid droplets reaching the substrate surface decreased; however, the amount of material deposited via evaporation also decreased. The optimal deposition conditions were suggested and used for a hybrid process where laser ablation from frozen dispersion solution targets was combined with sputtering from gold targets. A nanocomposite coating consisting of carbon nanopearls encapsulated in a gold matrix was synthesized using MAPLE and magnetron sputtering simultaneously. This process makes it possible to synthesize nanocomposite films using a nanostructured dispersion solution. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Hunter, Chad N.; Voevodin, Andrey A.] USAF, Res Lab, RXBT, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Bultman, John E.] Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
RP Hunter, CN (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, RXBT, 2941 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM chad.hunter@wpafb.af.mil
RI Voevodin, Andrey/I-6684-2013
NR 18
TC 37
Z9 37
U1 3
U2 13
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0257-8972
J9 SURF COAT TECH
JI Surf. Coat. Technol.
PD NOV 25
PY 2008
VL 203
IS 3-4
BP 300
EP 306
DI 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2008.09.003
PG 7
WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA 378YH
UT WOS:000261360600017
ER
PT J
AU Pedersen, T
Esposito, R
Starks, M
McCarrick, M
AF Pedersen, Todd
Esposito, Robert
Starks, Michael
McCarrick, Michael
TI Quantitative determination of HF radio-induced optical emission
production efficiency at high latitudes
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID INDUCED AIRGLOW; MAGNETIC ZENITH; FREQUENCIES; WAVES; HAARP; 3RD
AB A beam-swinging experiment carried out at the High Frequency Active Auroral Research Program under relatively stable ionospheric conditions has allowed the spatial dependence of HF-induced artificial optical emissions at 630.0 nm to be determined in a quantitative manner for the first time. A forward model accounting for the beam power distribution and beam motion, effective lifetime of the emissions, and integration and sample times of the imager was used to separate the spatial dependence from the many other variables in the experiment. These results show the well-known magnetic zenith spot to account for just over half of an average maximum emission productivity of 4 R/MW and to be superimposed on a broader plateau of enhanced emission productivity. The broader distribution is centered on a point partway between the vertical and the magnetic zenith and drops off similar to 15 degrees from the center of the distribution. Optical emissions from beam positions centered far from vertical are effectively suppressed and are limited to the edge of the beam overlapping the region of higher emission productivity. A simple empirical description of emission generation efficiency captures the average spatial behavior of the 630.0 nm emissions and produces realistic synthetic optical images. Ray tracing through a 4-D data-based ionosphere model showed that HF waves are typically able to reach the upper hybrid resonance over a much wider range of angles than optical emissions are observed, suggesting that the emission cutoff results from the specific excitation mechanism rather than refraction.
C1 [Pedersen, Todd; Esposito, Robert; Starks, Michael] USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
[McCarrick, Michael] BAE Syst Inc, Washington, DC 20037 USA.
RP Pedersen, T (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, 29 Randolph Rd, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
OI Pedersen, Todd/0000-0002-6940-0112
FU HAARP
FX HAARP is a Department of Defense program operated jointly by the U. S.
Air Force and U. S. Navy. Work at AFRL was carried out under AFOSR task
2311AS.
NR 16
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9380
EI 2169-9402
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD NOV 22
PY 2008
VL 113
IS A11
AR A11316
DI 10.1029/2008JA013502
PG 11
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 375XO
UT WOS:000261147300004
ER
PT J
AU Qian, D
Eason, T
Li, SF
Liu, WK
AF Qian, Dong
Eason, Thomas
Li, Shaofan
Liu, Wing Kam
TI Meshfree simulation of failure modes in thin cylinders subjected to
combined loads of internal pressure and localized heat
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE meshfree method; crack; thermo-mechanical coupling; damage pressurized
cylinder; finite strain
ID INFLATED CIRCULAR-CYLINDERS; POINT INTERPOLATION METHOD; KERNEL PARTICLE
METHODS; RAPID RADIAL EXPANSION; PETROV-GALERKIN METHOD; ELASTIC-PLASTIC
TUBES; NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS; CYLINDRICAL-SHELLS; MESHLESS METHODS;
WALLED TUBES
AB This paper focuses oil the non-linear responses in thin cylindrical structures subjected to combined mechanical and thermal loads. The coupling effects of mechanical deformation and temperature in the material are considered through the development of a thermo-elasto-viscoplastic constitutive Model at finite strain. A meshfree Galerkin approach is used to discretize the weak forms of the energy and momentum equations. Due to the different time scales involved in thermal conduction and failure development. all explicit-implicit time integration scheme is developed to link the time scale differences between the two key mechanisms. We apply the developed approach to the analysis of the failure of cylindrical shell subjected to both heat sources and internal pressure. The numerical results show four different failure modes: dynamic fragmentation, single crack with branch, thermally induced cracks and crack,. due to the combined effects of pressure and temperature. These results illustrate the important roles of thermal and mechanical loads with different time scales. Copyright (c) 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Qian, Dong] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Mech Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA.
[Eason, Thomas] USAF, Res Lab, Air Vehicles Directory, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Li, Shaofan] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Civil Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Liu, Wing Kam] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
RP Qian, D (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Dept Mech Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA.
EM dong.qian@uc.edu
RI Qian, Dong/B-2326-2008; Liu, Wing/B-7599-2009; Li, Shaofan/G-8082-2011
OI Qian, Dong/0000-0001-9367-0924; Li, Shaofan/0000-0002-6950-1474
FU ASEE Air Force Summer Faculty Fellowhsip; Air Force Research Lab
FX The work of D. Q. is partially supported by the ASEE Air Force Summer
Faculty Fellowhsip program and Air Force Research Lab.
NR 58
TC 9
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 5
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD
PI CHICHESTER
PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND
SN 0029-5981
J9 INT J NUMER METH ENG
JI Int. J. Numer. Methods Eng.
PD NOV 19
PY 2008
VL 76
IS 8
BP 1159
EP 1184
DI 10.1002/nme.2351
PG 26
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary
Applications
SC Engineering; Mathematics
GA 373CS
UT WOS:000260949200003
ER
PT J
AU Lai, ST
Tautz, M
AF Lai, Shu T.
Tautz, Maurice
TI On the anticritical temperature for spacecraft charging
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID ELASTIC ELECTRON BACKSCATTERING; YIELD; SURFACES
AB In recent years, evidence has been found for the existence of a critical temperature for the onset of spacecraft charging to high voltages. High-voltage charging affects scientific instruments on board and is related to spacecraft anomalies. However, less attention has been given to low-voltage charging which can also affect scientific experiments on board and is relevant to surface chemistry. There also can exist an anticritical temperature for low-voltage spacecraft surface charging. Ambient electrons at very low temperatures tend to cause negative surface charging, albeit at low voltages, and as the electron temperature increases, the charging ceases at a critical value depending on the surface material. We present the theory and numerical results of anticritical temperatures for typical surface materials in Maxwellian space plasmas. The change in anticritical temperature due to a low-incident-energy enhancement of the electron backscatter yield, consistent with recent measurements, is discussed. Approximate expressions for the anticritical temperature upper limits are given on the basis of Taylor expansions at low temperature of the charging onset equation. It is shown that that the existence of the anticritical temperature slightly modifies the possible triple-root configurations in the flux-voltage characteristic curve for a material. The surface charging effect of a Maxwellian plasma with flux components spanning the anticritical and critical temperatures is considered. A comparison with an empirical low-voltage charging curve is given.
C1 [Tautz, Maurice] AER Radex Inc, Lexington, MA USA.
[Lai, Shu T.] USAF, Res Lab, Hanscom AFB, Space Vehicles Directorate, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
RP Lai, ST (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Hanscom AFB, Vehicles Directorate, 29 Randolph Rd,Mail Stop VSBXT, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
EM afrl.rvb.pa@hanscom.af.mil
NR 25
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 3
U2 4
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9380
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD NOV 15
PY 2008
VL 113
IS A11
AR A11211
DI 10.1029/2008JA013161
PG 15
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 373TZ
UT WOS:000260997700002
ER
PT J
AU Ahn, SN
Lee, HJ
Kim, BJ
Tan, LS
Baek, JB
AF Ahn, Soo-Na
Lee, Hwa-Jeong
Kim, Bang-Jun
Tan, Loon-Seng
Baek, Jong-Beom
TI Epoxy/Amine-Functionalized Short-Length Vapor-Grown Carbon Nanofiber
Composites
SO JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART A-POLYMER CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE additives; composites; epoxy; functionalization; nanotechnology; resins;
vapor-grown carbon nanofibers
ID IN-SITU POLYMERIZATION; NANOTUBES; NANOCOMPOSITES; DISPERSION; ACID;
POLYSTYRENE; ALIGNMENT; MATRIX; MWNTS
AB Short length vapor-grown carbon nanofibers (VGCNFs) were functionalized with 4-aminobenzoic acid in polyphosphoric acid/phosphorous phentoxide medium via "direct" Friedel-Crafts acylation reaction to afford aminobenzoyl-functionalized VGCNFs (AF-VGCNFs). The AF-VGCNFs as a cocuring agent were mixed with epoxy resin by simple mechanical stirring in methanol which was added to help efficient mixing. After evaporation of methanol, 4,4'-methylenedianiline as a curing agent was added to the mixture, which was then cured at elevated temperatures. The resultant composites displayed uniform dispersion of AF-VGCNFs into cured epoxy matrix. During curing process, the amine functionalities on AF-VGCNF together with 4,4'-methylenedianiline were expected to be involved in covalent attachment to the epoxy resin. As a result, both tensile modulus and strength of the composites were improved when compared with those of pure epoxy resin. Thus, the AF-VGCNFs play a role as an outstanding functional additive, which could resolve both dispersion and interfacial adhesion issues at the same time by functionalization of VGCNFs and covalent bonding between the additive and matrix, respectively. (C) 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 46: 7473-7482, 2008
C1 [Ahn, Soo-Na; Lee, Hwa-Jeong; Kim, Bang-Jun; Baek, Jong-Beom] Chungbuk Natl Univ, Sch Chem Engn, Cheongju 361763, Chungbok, South Korea.
[Tan, Loon-Seng] USAF, Res Lab, AFRL RXBP, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Baek, Jong-Beom] UNIST, Ulsan 689805, South Korea.
RP Baek, JB (reprint author), Chungbuk Natl Univ, Sch Chem Engn, Cheongju 361763, Chungbok, South Korea.
EM jbbaek@unist.ac.kr
RI Baek, Jong-Beom/E-5883-2010; Tan, Loon-Seng/F-6985-2012
OI Baek, Jong-Beom/0000-0003-4785-2326; Tan, Loon-Seng/0000-0002-2134-9290
FU Asian Office of Aerospace Research and Development (AFOSR-AOARD); Korea
Science and Engineering Foundation [R01-2007-000-10031-0]
FX The authors are grateful to Jeong Hee Lee of Chungbuk National
University for conducting SEM. The authors also thank the Asian Office
of Aerospace Research and Development (AFOSR-AOARD) and the Korea
Science and Engineering Foundation (R01-2007-000-10031-0) for their
financial supports of this research.
NR 38
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 2
U2 6
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 0887-624X
J9 J POLYM SCI POL CHEM
JI J. Polym. Sci. Pol. Chem.
PD NOV 15
PY 2008
VL 46
IS 22
BP 7473
EP 7482
DI 10.1002/pola.23052
PG 10
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 373ID
UT WOS:000260964400018
ER
PT J
AU Heiderscheidt, JL
Siegrist, RL
Illangasekare, H
AF Heiderscheidt, J. L.
Siegrist, R. L.
Illangasekare, H.
TI Intermediate-scale 2D experimental investigation of in situ chemical
oxidation using potassium permanganate for remediation of complex DNAPL
source zones
SO JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Oxidation; DNAPL; Permanganate; Permeability; Mass transfer; Mass flux;
Mass depletion; MnO2
ID CHLORINATED ETHYLENES; MASS-TRANSFER; POROUS-MEDIUM; KINETICS;
TRICHLOROETHYLENE; TCE; MEDIA; SOILS; KMNO4; PCE
AB In situ chemical oxidation is a technology that has been applied to speed up remediation of a contaminant source zone by inducing increased mass transfer from DNAPL sources into the aqueous phase for subsequent destruction. The DNAPL source zone can consist of one or more individual sources that may be present as an interconnected pool of high saturation, as a region of disconnected ganglia at residual saturation, or as combinations of these two morphologies. Potassium permanganate (KMnO4) is a commonly employed oxidant that has been shown to rapidly destroy DNAPL compounds like PCE and TCE following second-order kinetics in an aqueous system. During the oxidation of a target DNAPL compound, or naturally occurring reduced species in the Subsurface, manganese oxide (MnO2) solids are produced. Research has shown that these manganese oxide solids may result in permeability reductions in the porous media thus reducing the ability for oxidant to be transported to individual DNAPL sources. It can also occur at the DNAPL-water interface, decreasing contact of the oxidant with the DNAPL Additionally, MnO2 formation at the DNAPL-water interface. and/or flow-bypassing as a result of permeability reductions around the source, may alter the mass transfer from the DNAPL into the aqueous phase, potentially diminishing the magnitude of any DNAPL mass depletion rate increase induced by oxidation.
An experiment was performed in a two-dimensional (2D) sand-filled tank that included several discrete DNAPL source zones. Spatial and temporal monitoring of aqueous PCE, chloride. and permanganate concentrations was used to relate changes in mass depletion of, and mass flux. from DNAPL residual and pool source zones to chemical oxidation performance and MnO2 formation. During the experiment, permeability changes were monitored throughout the 2D tank and these were related to MnO2 deposition as measured through post-oxidation soil coring. Under the conditions of this experiment, MnO2 formation was found to reduce permeability in and around DNAPL source zones resulting in changes to the overall flow pattern. with the effects depending on source zone configuration. A pool with little or no residual around it, in a relatively homogeneous flow field, appeared to benefit from resulting MnO2 pore-blocking that substantially reduced mass transfer from the pool even though there was relatively little PCE mass removed from the pool. In contrast. a pool with residual around it (in a more typical heterogeneous flow field) appeared to undergo increased mass transfer as MnO2 reduced permeability, altering the water flow and increasing the mixing at the DNAPL-water interface. Further, the magnitude of increased PCE mass depletion during oxidation appeared to depend on the PCE source configuration (pool versus ganglia) and decreased as MnO2 Was formed and deposited at the DNAPL-water interface. Overall, the oxidation of PCE mass appeared to be rate-limited by the mass transfer from the DNAPL to aqueous phase. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Heiderscheidt, J. L.; Siegrist, R. L.; Illangasekare, H.] Colorado Sch Mines, Ctr Expt Study Subsurface Environm Proc, Environm Sci & Engn Div, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Heiderscheidt, JL (reprint author), USAF Acad, HQ USAFA-DFCE2354 Fairchild Dr,Suite 6J-159, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
EM jeffrey.heiderscheidt@izmir.af.mil
FU SERDP [ER-1290, ER-1294]
FX The research described in this paper was completed with the support of
the DOD Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP)
through funding of CSM projects ER-1290 and ER-1294. This support is
gratefully acknowledged. CSM research staff (Michelle Crimi and Dong
Ping Dai) and graduate students (Pamela Dugan, Jose Gago, Kent Glover.
Ben Petri, and Satawat Saenton) provided valuable assistance with
completion of the experimental work.
NR 52
TC 19
Z9 20
U1 1
U2 19
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0169-7722
EI 1873-6009
J9 J CONTAM HYDROL
JI J. Contam. Hydrol.
PD NOV 14
PY 2008
VL 102
IS 1-2
BP 3
EP 16
DI 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2008.07.002
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources
GA 381IK
UT WOS:000261529100002
PM 18774622
ER
PT J
AU Fraccone, GC
Ruzzene, M
Volovoi, V
Cento, P
Vining, C
AF Fraccone, Giorgio Calanni
Ruzzene, Massimo
Volovoi, Vitali
Cento, Peter
Vining, Charles
TI Assessment of uncertainty in response estimation for turbine engine
bladed disks
SO JOURNAL OF SOUND AND VIBRATION
LA English
DT Article
AB Stress prediction in turbine blades is affected by limitations in the measurement setup as well as by various sources of uncertainty in the model-based inference techniques. The presence of uncertainty diminishes the confidence in the estimated response, whose fidelity lowers further when results are extrapolated to operating conditions or systems other than the tested ones. A procedure is being developed with a twofold objective: maximization, under given computational constraints, of a system's model accuracy and quantification of any remaining uncertainty associated with the estimation technique. A probabilistic analysis, in which uncertainties are explicitly modeled has been carried out to investigate the effects of modeling and input parameter uncertainties, and to evaluate their contribution to a system's vibratory response prediction. Results and considerations are herein described and discussed. (c) 2008 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Fraccone, Giorgio Calanni; Ruzzene, Massimo; Volovoi, Vitali] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Aerosp Engn, Atlanta, GA 30318 USA.
[Cento, Peter; Vining, Charles] Arnold AFB, Arnold Engn Dev Ctr, Arnold AFB, TN 37389 USA.
RP Volovoi, V (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Aerosp Engn, Atlanta, GA 30318 USA.
EM vitali@gatech.edu
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) Test & Evaluation
Program [FA9550-05-1-0149]
FX The research presented herein is supported by the Air Force Office of
Scientific Research (AFOSR) Test & Evaluation Program (Grant #
FA9550-05-1-0149).
NR 21
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 4
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0022-460X
J9 J SOUND VIB
JI J. Sound Vibr.
PD NOV 11
PY 2008
VL 317
IS 3-5
BP 625
EP 645
DI 10.1016/j.jsv.2008.03.046
PG 21
WC Acoustics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics
SC Acoustics; Engineering; Mechanics
GA 347WQ
UT WOS:000259172500015
ER
PT J
AU Arlen, MJ
Wang, D
Jacobs, JD
Justice, R
Trionfi, A
Hsu, JWP
Schaffer, D
Tan, LS
Vaia, RA
AF Arlen, Michael J.
Wang, David
Jacobs, J. David
Justice, Ryan
Trionfi, Aaron
Hsu, Julia W. P.
Schaffer, Dale
Tan, Loon-Seng
Vaia, Richard A.
TI Thermal-Electrical Character of in Situ Synthesized Polyimide-Grafted
Carbon Nanofiber Composites
SO MACROMOLECULES
LA English
DT Article
ID POSITIVE TEMPERATURE-COEFFICIENT; POLYMER COMPOSITES;
PERCOLATION-THRESHOLD; AC CONDUCTIVITY; FIBER COMPOSITES; THIN-FILMS;
NANOTUBES; NANOCOMPOSITES; RESISTIVITY; BEHAVIOR
AB Notwithstanding the success of polymer-carbon nanotube (CNT) nanocomposites, a solid understanding of the impact of external perturbations, including temperature and stress, on the electrical response, its reproducibility, and the subsequent relationship to the topology of the percolative morphology and molecular details of the CNT-CNT contact junction is not complete. Using an in situ synthesis approach, two series of polymide (CP2)-carbon nanofiber (CNF) composites are prepared with quantitatively (small-angle X-ray scattering) comparable CNF dispersions, but differing in the structure of the CNF-polymer interface. Amino-functionalized CNFs (FCNFs) enable direct formation of CP2 grafts onto the CNFs, whereas pristine CNFs (PCNFs) result in a relatively weak interface between the carbon nanofiber and CP2 matrix. In general, low-frequency ac impedance measurements are well described by the percolation bond model, yielding a percolation threshold below 1 vol % (0.24 and 0.68 vol % for PCNF-CP2 and FCNF-CP2, respectively). However, the design of the interface is determined to be crucial for controlling the electrical behavior in four substantial ways: magnitude of the limiting conductivity, linearity of the I-V response, magnitude and direction of temperature-dependent resistivity, and reproducibility of the absolute value of the resistivity with thermal cycling. These observations are consistent with a direct CNF-CNF contact limiting transport in the PCNF-CP2 system, where the CP2 grafts onto the FCNF from a dielectric layer, limiting transport within the FCNF-CP2 system. Furthermore, the grafted CP2 chains on the FCNF reduce local polymer dewetting at the CNF surfaces when the temperature exceeds the CP2 glass transition. This appears to stabilize the structure of the percolation network and associated conductivity. The general behavior of these interfacial extremes (pristine and fully functionalized CNFs) set important bounds on the design of interface modification for CNFs when the intended use is for electrical performance at elevated temperatures or under extreme current loads.
C1 [Arlen, Michael J.; Wang, David; Jacobs, J. David; Justice, Ryan; Tan, Loon-Seng; Vaia, Richard A.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, RXBN, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Wang, David] Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
[Arlen, Michael J.] Univ Akron, Dept Polymers Sci & Engn, Akron, OH 44325 USA.
[Jacobs, J. David; Justice, Ryan; Schaffer, Dale] Univ Cincinnati, Sch Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA.
[Trionfi, Aaron; Hsu, Julia W. P.] Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Arlen, MJ (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, RXBN, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RI Wang, David/F-7492-2013; Tan, Loon-Seng/F-6985-2012
OI Wang, David/0000-0001-6710-7265; Tan, Loon-Seng/0000-0002-2134-9290
FU Intelligence Community; Air Force Office of Scientific Research;
Materials & Manufacturing Directorate; Air Force Research Laboratory
FX We are grateful for the assistance of M. Houtz for thermal analysis, G.
Price for SEM, and S. Z. D. Cheng and E. Tuncer for insightful
discussions. M.J.A. was supported by the Intelligence Community
Postdoctoral Fellowship Program. Additionally funding was provided by
the Air Force Office of Scientific Research and the Materials &
Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory. This work was
performed, in part, at the Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, a
U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, nanoscale
science research center operated jointly by Los Alamos and Sandia
National Laboratories. Sandia National Laboratory is a multiprogram
laboratory operated by Sandia Corp., a Lockheed-Marfin company, for the
U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC04-94AL85000.
NR 67
TC 40
Z9 41
U1 5
U2 63
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0024-9297
J9 MACROMOLECULES
JI Macromolecules
PD NOV 11
PY 2008
VL 41
IS 21
BP 8053
EP 8062
DI 10.1021/ma801525f
PG 10
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 368HR
UT WOS:000260612700042
ER
PT J
AU Steckl, AJ
Spaeth, H
Singh, K
Grote, J
Naik, R
AF Steckl, A. J.
Spaeth, H.
Singh, K.
Grote, J.
Naik, R.
TI Chirality of sulforhodamine dye molecules incorporated in DNA thin films
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE biochemistry; chirality; circular dichroism; DNA; dyes; molecular
biophysics
AB Thin films formed from salmon sperm DNA reacted with a cationic surfactant (CTMA-Cl) included up to 25 wt % fluorescent molecule sulforhodamine (SRh). SRh effect on DNA chirality and vice versa was investigated by circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy. The CD signals at 250-265 nm indicate that DNA chirality was maintained or enhanced. Induced CD (iCD) signal at 580-610 nm indicates that SRh is chiral in DNA/CTMA. iCD signal from both solutions and thin films generally increases with SRh concentration. The chirality induced in SRh molecules and the absence of significant DNA reduction in chirality are clear indicators of strong binding to DNA/CTMA.
C1 [Steckl, A. J.; Spaeth, H.] Univ Cincinnati, Nanoelect Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA.
[Singh, K.; Grote, J.; Naik, R.] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Steckl, AJ (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Nanoelect Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA.
EM a.steckl@uc.edu
OI Steckl, Andrew/0000-0002-1868-4442
NR 10
TC 9
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 9
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD NOV 10
PY 2008
VL 93
IS 19
AR 193903
DI 10.1063/1.3027070
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 373AT
UT WOS:000260944100131
ER
PT J
AU Cho, SY
Soref, R
AF Cho, Sang-Yeon
Soref, Richard
TI Apodized SCISSORs for filtering and switching
SO OPTICS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
ID OPTICAL WAVE-GUIDES; COUPLED MICRORING RESONATORS
AB This paper presents 1550-nm simulation results on the waveguided silicon-on-insulator four-port optical filtering and switching devices known as "SCISSOR" (an in-line array of microring resonators wherein each ring is coupled to two bus waveguides). We optimized the array number, the ring-bus coupling and the inter-ring spacing in order to obtain "rectangular" filter-passband shapes that have not heretofore been reported in the resonant-optics literature. We were able to engineer a boxlike bandpass whose wavelength width could be anywhere from 5 to 50 % of the free spectral range (FSR). We then performed ring-bus apodization of the array that increased side-lobe suppression on the main filter band and widened the band. By reducing the FSR to 2.51 nm with increased ring diameter, we also showed that complete, high-extinction 2 x 2 optical switching is attained when the effective index of each ring in the group is changed by 2 x 10(-3), giving 1.02-nm shift of the 0.77-nm passband. Tunable filtering, sensing, reconfigurable add/drop and wavelength-division de-multiplexing is offered in addition to switching. (C) 2008 Optical Society of America
C1 [Cho, Sang-Yeon] New Mexico State Univ, Klipsch Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
[Soref, Richard] USAF, Res Lab, Sensors Directorate, RYHC, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
RP Cho, SY (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, Klipsch Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
EM sangycho@nmsu.edu
RI Cho, Sang-Yeon/C-3075-2008
OI Cho, Sang-Yeon/0000-0002-4721-4087
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research
FX This work is supported in part by the Air Force Office of Scientific
Research, Dr. Gernot Pomrenke, Program Manager.
NR 21
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 1
U2 2
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1094-4087
J9 OPT EXPRESS
JI Opt. Express
PD NOV 10
PY 2008
VL 16
IS 23
BP 19078
EP 19090
DI 10.1364/OE.16.019078
PG 13
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 371XM
UT WOS:000260866000060
PM 19582000
ER
PT J
AU Kulkarni, H
Marconi, VC
Agan, BK
McArthur, C
Crawford, G
Clark, RA
Dolan, MJ
Ahuja, SK
AF Kulkarni, Hemant
Marconi, Vincent C.
Agan, Brian K.
McArthur, Carole
Crawford, George
Clark, Robert A.
Dolan, Matthew J.
Ahuja, Sunil K.
TI Role of CCL3L1-CCR5 Genotypes in the Epidemic Spread of HIV-1 and
Evaluation of Vaccine Efficacy
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
AB Background: Polymorphisms in CCR5, the major coreceptor for HIV, and CCL3L1, a potent CCR5 ligand and HIV-suppressive chemokine, are determinants of HIV-AIDS susceptibility. Here, we mathematically modeled the potential impact of these genetic factors on the epidemic spread of HIV, as well as on its prevention.
Methods and Results: Ro, the basic reproductive number, is a fundamental concept in explaining the emergence and persistence of epidemics. By modeling sexual transmission among HIV+/HIV- partner pairs, we find that Ro estimates, and concordantly, the temporal and spatial patterns of HIV outgrowth are highly dependent on the infecting partners' CCL3L1-CCR5 genotype. Ro was least and highest when the infected partner possessed protective and detrimental CCL3L1-CCR5 genotypes, respectively. The modeling data indicate that in populations such as Pygmies with a high CCL3L1 gene dose and protective CCR5 genotypes, the spread of HIV might be minimal. Additionally, Pc, the critical vaccination proportion, an estimate of the fraction of the population that must be vaccinated successfully to eradicate an epidemic was <1 only when the infected partner had a protective CCL3L1-CCR5 genotype. Since in practice Pc cannot be >1, to prevent epidemic spread, population groups defined by specific CCL3L1-CCR5 genotypes might require repeated vaccination, or as our models suggest, a vaccine with an efficacy of >70%. Further, failure to account for CCL3L1-CCR5-based genetic risk might confound estimates of vaccine efficacy. For example, in a modeled trial of 500 subjects, misallocation of CCL3L1-CCR5 genotype of only 25 (5%) subjects between placebo and vaccine arms results in a relative error of similar to 12% from the true vaccine efficacy.
Conclusions: CCL3L1-CCR5 genotypes may impact on the dynamics of the HIV epidemic and, consequently, the observed heterogeneous global distribution of HIV infection. As Ro is lowest when the infecting partner has beneficial CCL3L1-CCR5 genotypes, we infer that therapeutic vaccines directed towards reducing the infectivity of the host may play a role in halting epidemic spread. Further, CCL3L1-CCR5 genotype may provide critical guidance for optimizing the design and evaluation of HIV-1 vaccine trials and prevention programs.
C1 [Kulkarni, Hemant; Crawford, George; Clark, Robert A.; Ahuja, Sunil K.] S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Vet Adm Res Ctr AIDS & HIV Infect 1, San Antonio, TX USA.
[Marconi, Vincent C.; Agan, Brian K.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Infect Dis Clin Res Program, Bethesda, MD USA.
[Marconi, Vincent C.; Dolan, Matthew J.] Wilford Hall US Air Force Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Lackland AFB, TX USA.
[Marconi, Vincent C.; Dolan, Matthew J.] San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA.
[McArthur, Carole] Univ Missouri, Sch Dent, Dept Oral Biol, Kansas City, MO USA.
[Dolan, Matthew J.] Wilford Hall US Air Force Med Ctr, Henry M Jackson Fdn, Lackland AFB, TX USA.
[Ahuja, Sunil K.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Microbiol & Immunol & Biochem, San Antonio, TX USA.
RP Kulkarni, H (reprint author), S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Vet Adm Res Ctr AIDS & HIV Infect 1, San Antonio, TX USA.
EM kulkarnih@uthscsa.edu; ahujas@uthscsa.edu
RI Marconi, Vincent/N-3210-2014;
OI Marconi, Vincent/0000-0001-8409-4689; Agan, Brian/0000-0002-5114-1669
FU Veterans Administration (VA) Center on AIDS and HIV infection of the
South Texas Veterans Health Care System; MERIT [R37046326]; NIH
[AI043279, MH069270]; Elizabeth Glaser Scientist Award; Burroughs
Wellcome Clinical Scientist Award in Translational Research; Infectious
Disease Clinical Research Program (IDCRP) of the Uniformed Services
University of the Health Sciences (USUHS); Henry M. Jackson Foundation
for the Advancement of Military Medicine; HHS/NIH/NIAID/DCR
[HU0001-05-2-0011]
FX This work was supported by the Veterans Administration (VA) Center on
AIDS and HIV infection of the South Texas Veterans Health Care System,
and a MERIT (R37046326) and other awards (AI043279 and MH069270) from
the NIH to S.K.A. S.K.A. is also supported by a VA MERIT award and is a
recipient of the Elizabeth Glaser Scientist Award and the Burroughs
Wellcome Clinical Scientist Award in Translational Research. Support for
the DoD HIV Natural History Study cohort and staff involved in this work
was provided by the Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program (IDCRP)
of the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS), of
which the Tri-Service AIDS Clinical Consortium (TACC) is a component.
The IDCRP is a Department of Defense tri-service program executed
through USUHS and the Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of
Military Medicine (HJF), in collaboration with HHS/NIH/NIAID/DCR through
Interagency Agreement HU0001-05-2-0011. The funders had no role in study
design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or
preparation of the manuscript. The opinions or assertions contained
herein are the private views of the authors, and are not to be construed
as official, or as reflecting the views of the Departments of the Army,
Navy, Air Force, or the Department of Defense.
NR 96
TC 14
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 7
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD NOV 7
PY 2008
VL 3
IS 11
AR e3671
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0003671
PG 9
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 432LM
UT WOS:000265134600007
PM 18989363
ER
PT J
AU Heinz, H
Vaia, RA
Farmer, BL
Naik, RR
AF Heinz, Hendrik
Vaia, R. A.
Farmer, B. L.
Naik, R. R.
TI Accurate Simulation of Surfaces and Interfaces of Face-Centered Cubic
Metals Using 12-6 and 9-6 Lennard-Jones Potentials
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
LA English
DT Article
ID AB-INITIO CALCULATIONS; ATOM FORCE-FIELD; ION MODELS;
COMPUTER-SIMULATION; MOLECULAR-MECHANICS; ENERGY ANISOTROPY;
PHASE-TRANSITIONS; ALKYL CHAINS; AMINO-ACIDS; FCC METALS
AB Molecular dynamics and Monte Carlo simulations often rely on Lennard-Jones (U) potentials for nonbond interactions. We present 12-6 and 9-6 LJ parameters for several face-centered cubic metals (Ag, Al, Au, Cu, Ni, Pb, Pd, Pt) which reproduce densities, surface tensions, interface properties with water and (bio)organic molecules, as well as mechanical properties in quantitative (< 0.1%) to good qualitative (25%) agreement with experiment under ambient conditions. Deviations associated with earlier LJ models have been reduced by 1 order of magnitude due to the precise fit of the new models to densities and surface tensions under standard conditions, which also leads to significantly improved results for surface energy anisotropies, interface tensions, and mechanical properties. The performance is comparable to tight-binding and embedded atom models at up to a million times lower computational cost. The models extend classical simulation methods to metals and a variety of interfaces with biopolymers, surfactants, and other nanostructured materials through compatibility with widely used force fields, including AMBER, CHARMM, COMPASS, CVFF, OPLS-AA, and PCFF. Limitations include the neglect of electronic structure effects and the restriction to noncovalent interactions with the metals.
C1 [Heinz, Hendrik] Univ Akron, Dept Polymer Engn, Akron, OH 44325 USA.
[Vaia, R. A.; Farmer, B. L.; Naik, R. R.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Heinz, H (reprint author), Univ Akron, Dept Polymer Engn, Akron, OH 44325 USA.
EM hendrik.heinz@uakron.edu
RI Heinz, Hendrik/E-3866-2010
OI Heinz, Hendrik/0000-0002-6776-7404
FU Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL); University of Akron
FX A patent application has been filed by the University of Akron. We are
grateful for support from the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) and
the University of Akron. Helpful discussions with Ruth Pachter, AFRL,
Gustavo Carri and Jutta Luettmer-Strathmann, University of Akron, as
well as Tanja Schilling, University of Mainz, Germany, are acknowledged.
NR 61
TC 198
Z9 203
U1 12
U2 132
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1932-7447
J9 J PHYS CHEM C
JI J. Phys. Chem. C
PD NOV 6
PY 2008
VL 112
IS 44
BP 17281
EP 17290
DI 10.1021/jp801931d
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 367DR
UT WOS:000260533200040
ER
PT J
AU Kahler, SW
AF Kahler, S. W.
TI Prospects for future enhanced solar energetic particle events and the
effects of weaker heliospheric magnetic fields
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS; COSMIC-RAY MODULATION; FAST-WIND REGIONS;
MAUNDER MINIMUM; SHOCK ACCELERATION; PROTON EVENTS; SUPRATHERMAL TAILS;
DRIVEN SHOCKS; CURRENT SHEET; PLASMA BETA
AB Recent work based on nitrate abundances in ice cores has shown that large solar energetic (E > 30 MeV) particle (LSEP) events during the spacecraft era of observations (1960-present) are diminished in comparison with those of some preceding eras and that LSEP events have occurred during low cycles of solar activity. McCracken et al. (2004) have reported an inverse correlation between those LSEP events and the magnitude of the associated reconstructed heliospheric magnetic field (HMF). A physical explanation by McCracken (2007a, 2007b) is that the lower HMF and coronal magnetic field B imply that fast coronal mass ejections (CMEs) produce shocks with enhanced Alfvenic Mach numbersM(A) and higher compression ratios r, leading to more numerous and energetic LSEP events. From a possible decline of the HMF over the next several solar cycles, he has warned of a return to the environment of the more intense LSEP events preceding the current spacecraft era. We formulate and discuss seven questions using recent published observational, modeling, and theoretical work to assess the assumptions and the validity of his explanation and watch. We conclude that a return to more intense LSEP events is certainly possible, but (1) the inferred large increase in HMF characterizing the spacecraft era is in doubt; (2) there is no good evidence to connect more intense LSEP events with weaker HMFs; (3) a new Gleissberg minimum, with lower HMF, may not be imminent; (4) a lower active region B should result in slower CME speeds V less likely to produce shocks; (5) the average CME V increases significantly with SSN; (6) a lower coronal B likely results in a lower V(A) as the explanation requires; and (7) the lower coronal B leads to weaker, not more intense, LSEP events because of decreased spectral cutoff energies.
C1 USAF, Res Lab, RVBXS, Space Vehicles Directorate, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
RP Kahler, SW (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, RVBXS, Space Vehicles Directorate, 29 Randolph Rd, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
EM afrl.rvb.pa@hanscom.af.mil
NR 100
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0148-0227
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD NOV 5
PY 2008
VL 113
IS A11
AR A11102
DI 10.1029/2008JA013168
PG 16
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 370TP
UT WOS:000260786300002
ER
PT J
AU Alarcon-Llado, E
Cusco, R
Artus, L
Jimenez, J
Wang, B
Callahan, M
AF Alarcon-Llado, E.
Cusco, R.
Artus, L.
Jimenez, J.
Wang, B.
Callahan, M.
TI Raman scattering of quasimodes in ZnO
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER
LA English
DT Article
ID ZINC-OXIDE; CRYSTALS; MODES
AB The angular dependence of the optical phonons of high-quality bulk ZnO has been systematically studied by means of Raman scattering. We report the observation of quasi-TO and quasi-LO modes for propagation directions covering the whole a-c mixing plane using a beveled ZnO single crystal sample. Scattering experiments performed in two different configuration geometries indicate that birefringence effects are not relevant for the phonon analysis in this material. The observed angular dependence of the quasimode frequencies is in good agreement with Loudon's model.
C1 [Alarcon-Llado, E.; Cusco, R.; Artus, L.] CSIC, Inst Jaume Almera, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
[Jimenez, J.] Univ Valladolid, Dept Fis Mat Condensada, ETSII, E-47002 Valladolid, Spain.
[Wang, B.] Solid State Sci Corp, Hollis, NH 03049 USA.
[Callahan, M.] USAF, Res Lab,Sensors Directorate, Div Electromagnet Technol, Optoelectron Technol Branch, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
RP Alarcon-Llado, E (reprint author), CSIC, Inst Jaume Almera, Lluis Sole Sabaris SN, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
RI Alarcon Llado, Esther/I-5583-2015;
OI Alarcon Llado, Esther/0000-0001-7317-9863; Cusco,
Ramon/0000-0001-9490-4884
FU Spanish Government [MAT2007-63617]; Air Force Office of Scientific
Research
FX Work supported by the Spanish Government (project MAT2007-63617 and FPI
Program). The work performed by the US Air Force Research Laboratory at
Hanscom Air Force Base was partially supported by the Air Force Office
of Scientific Research.
NR 18
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 17
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0953-8984
J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT
JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter
PD NOV 5
PY 2008
VL 20
IS 44
AR 445211
DI 10.1088/0953-8984/20/44/445211
PG 4
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 360AD
UT WOS:000260028500019
ER
PT J
AU Catano, G
Kulkarni, H
He, W
Marconi, VC
Agan, BK
Landrum, M
Anderson, S
Delmar, J
Telles, V
Song, L
Castiblanco, J
Clark, RA
Dolan, MJ
Ahuja, SK
AF Catano, Gabriel
Kulkarni, Hemant
He, Weijing
Marconi, Vincent C.
Agan, Brian K.
Landrum, Michael
Anderson, Stephanie
Delmar, Judith
Telles, Vanessa
Song, Li
Castiblanco, John
Clark, Robert A.
Dolan, Matthew J.
Ahuja, Sunil K.
TI HIV-1 Disease-Influencing Effects Associated with ZNRD1, HCP5 and HLA-C
Alleles Are Attributable Mainly to Either HLA-A10 or HLA-B*57 Alleles
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
AB A recent genome-wide association study (GWAS) suggested that polymorphisms in or around the genes HCP5, HLA-C and ZNRD1 confer restriction against HIV-1 viral replication or disease progression. Here, we also find that these alleles are associated with different aspects of HIV disease, albeit mainly in European Americans. Additionally, we offer that because the GWAS cohort was a subset of HIV-positive individuals, selected based in part on having a low viral load, the observed associations for viral load are magnified compared with those we detect in a large well-characterized prospective natural history cohort of HIV-1-infected persons. We also find that because of linkage disequilibrium (LD) patterns, the dominant viral load- and disease-influencing associations for the ZNRD1 or HLA-C and HCP5 alleles are apparent mainly when these alleles are present in HLA-A10- or HLA-B*57-containing haplotypes, respectively. ZNRD1 alleles lacking HLA-A10 did not confer disease protection whereas ZNRD1-A10 haplotypes did. When examined in isolation, the HCP5-G allele associates with a slow disease course and lower viral loads. However, in multivariate models, after partitioning out the protective effects of B*57, the HCP5-G allele associates with disease-acceleration and enhanced viral replication; these associations for HCP5-G are otherwise obscured because of the very strong LD between this allele and a subset of protective B*57 alleles. Furthermore, HCP5 and HLA-C alleles stratify B*57-containing genotypes into those that associate with either striking disease retardation or progressive disease, providing one explanation for the long-standing conundrum of why some HLA-B*57-carrying individuals are long-term non-progressors, whereas others exhibit progressive disease. Collectively, these data generally underscore the strong dependence of genotype-phenotype relationships upon cohort design, phenotype selection, LD patterns and populations studied. They specifically demonstrate that the influence of ZNRD1 alleles on disease progression rates are attributable to HLA-A10, help clarify the relationship between the HCP5, HLA-C and HLA-B*57 alleles, and reaffirm a critical role of HLA-B*57 alleles in HIV disease. Furthermore, as the protective B*57-containing genotypes convey striking salutary effects independent of their strong impact on viral control, it is conceivable that T cell-based therapeutic vaccine strategies aimed at reducing viral loads may be inadequate for limiting AIDS progression, raising the potential need for complementary strategies that target viral load- independent determinants of pathogenesis.
C1 [Catano, Gabriel; Kulkarni, Hemant; He, Weijing; Telles, Vanessa; Song, Li; Castiblanco, John; Clark, Robert A.; Ahuja, Sunil K.] Vet Adm Res Ctr AIDS & HIV 1 Infect, San Antonio, TX USA.
[Catano, Gabriel; Kulkarni, Hemant; He, Weijing; Telles, Vanessa; Song, Li; Castiblanco, John; Clark, Robert A.; Ahuja, Sunil K.] Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA.
[Marconi, Vincent C.; Agan, Brian K.; Landrum, Michael; Anderson, Stephanie; Delmar, Judith; Dolan, Matthew J.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, IDCRP, Bethesda, MD USA.
[Marconi, Vincent C.; Agan, Brian K.; Landrum, Michael; Delmar, Judith; Dolan, Matthew J.] San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA.
[Agan, Brian K.; Landrum, Michael; Anderson, Stephanie; Dolan, Matthew J.] Wilford Hall US Air Force Med Ctr, Henry M Jackson Fdn, Lackland AFB, TX USA.
[Ahuja, Sunil K.] Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, San Antonio, TX USA.
[Ahuja, Sunil K.] Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Biochem, San Antonio, TX USA.
RP Catano, G (reprint author), Vet Adm Res Ctr AIDS & HIV 1 Infect, San Antonio, TX USA.
EM mdolan@hjf.org; ahujas@uthscsa.edu
RI CASTIBLANCO, JOHN/B-6599-2009; Marconi, Vincent/N-3210-2014;
OI CASTIBLANCO, JOHN/0000-0002-7965-9822; Marconi,
Vincent/0000-0001-8409-4689; CASTIBLANCO, JOHN/0000-0003-2556-3697;
Agan, Brian/0000-0002-5114-1669
FU Veterans Administration Center on AIDS and HIV Infection of the South
Texas Veterans Health Care System; MERIT award [R37046326]; NIH
[AI043279, MH069270]; Elizabeth Glaser Scientist Award; Burroughs
Wellcome Clinical Scientist Award in Translational Research; Infectious
Disease Clinical Research Program (IDCRP) of the Uniformed Services
University of the Health Sciences (USUHS); Henry M. Jackson Foundation
for the Advancement of Military Medicine (HJF); HHS/NIH/NIAID/DCR
[HU0001-05-2-0011]
FX This work was supported by the Veterans Administration Center on AIDS
and HIV Infection of the South Texas Veterans Health Care System, and by
a MERIT award (R37046326) and other awards (AI043279 and MH069270) from
the NIH (to S.K.A.). S.K.A. is a recipient of the Elizabeth Glaser
Scientist Award and the Burroughs Wellcome Clinical Scientist Award in
Translational Research. Support for the WHMC cohort was provided by the
Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program (IDCRP) of the Uniformed
Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS), of which the
Tri-Service AIDS Clinical Consortium (TACC) is a component. The IDCRP is
a Department of Defense tri-service program executed through USUHS and
the Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine
(HJF), in collaboration with HHS/NIH/NIAID/DCR through Interagency
Agreement HU0001-05-2-0011. The funders had no role in study design,
data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the
manuscript.
NR 60
TC 52
Z9 54
U1 0
U2 6
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD NOV 4
PY 2008
VL 3
IS 11
AR e3636
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0003636
PG 16
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 432LJ
UT WOS:000265134300006
PM 18982067
ER
PT J
AU Louzguine-Luzgin, V
Miracle, DB
Inoue, A
AF Louzguine-Luzgin, V.
Miracle, Daniel B.
Inoue, Akihisa
TI Intrinsic and Extrinsic Factors Influencing the Glass-Forming Ability of
Alloys
SO ADVANCED ENGINEERING MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID BULK-METALLIC GLASSES; SUPERCOOLED LIQUID REGION; CRITICAL COOLING RATE;
NI AMORPHOUS-ALLOYS; CU-ZR-TI; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; TRANSITION; AL;
VOLUME; CRITERION
C1 [Louzguine-Luzgin, V.; Inoue, Akihisa] Tohoku Univ, WPI Adv Inst Mat Res, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan.
[Miracle, Daniel B.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Louzguine-Luzgin, V (reprint author), Tohoku Univ, WPI Adv Inst Mat Res, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan.
EM dml@wpi-aimr.tohoku.ac.jp
RI Inoue, Akihisa/E-5271-2015;
OI Louzguine-Luzgin, Dmitri/0000-0001-5716-4987
FU Research and Development Project on Advanced Metallic Glasses, Inorganic
Materials mid Joining Technology; Ministry of Education, Culture,
Sports, Science and Technology, Japan; Asian Office of Aerospace
Research and Development [AOARD-07-4041]
FX This work was supported by the "Research and Development Project on
Advanced Metallic Glasses, Inorganic Materials mid Joining Technology"
and by Grant-in-Aid on "Science and Technology of Microwave-Induced,
thermally Non-Equilibrium Reaction Field" from the Ministry of
Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan. We also
acknowledge financial support from Asian Office of Aerospace Research
and Development AOARD-07-4041. The authors thank T. Saito for recording
the cooling curve for pure Ni.
NR 76
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 1
U2 12
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1438-1656
J9 ADV ENG MATER
JI Adv. Eng. Mater.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 10
IS 11
BP 1008
EP 1015
DI 10.1002/adem.200800134
PG 8
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA 387EB
UT WOS:000261933400004
ER
PT J
AU Kim, YI
Park, GJ
Kolonay, RM
Blair, M
Canfield, RA
AF Kim, Y. I.
Park, G. J.
Kolonay, R. M.
Blair, M.
Canfield, R. A.
TI Nonlinear Response Structural Optimization of a Joined Wing Using
Equivalent Loads
SO AIAA JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID DESIGN SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS
AB The joined wing is a new concept of the airplane wing. The forewing and the aft wing are joined together in the joined wing. The joined wing can lead to increased aerodynamic performances and reduction or the structural weight. The structural behavior of the joined wing has a high geometric nonlinearity according to the external loads. Therefore, the nonlinear behavior should be considered in the optimization of the joined wing. It is well known that conventional nonlinear response optimization is extremely expensive; thus, the conventional method is almost impossible to use for large-scale structures such as the joined wing. In this research, geometric nonlinear response optimization of a joined wing is carried out by using equivalent loads. The used structure is a joined wing that is currently being developed in the U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory. Equivalent loads are the load sets that generate the same response field in linear analysis as that from nonlinear analysis. In the equivalent loads method, the external loads are transformed to the equivalent loads for linear static analysis, and linear response optimization is carried out based on the equivalent loads. The design is updated by the results of linear response optimization. Nonlinear analysis is carried out again and the process proceeds in a cyclic manner until the convergence criteria are satisfied. It was verified that the equivalent loads method is equivalent to a gradient-based method; therefore, the solution is the same as that of exact nonlinear response optimization. The full), stressed design method is also used for nonlinear response optimization of a joined wing. The results from the fully stressed design and the equivalent loads method are compared.
C1 [Kim, Y. I.; Park, G. J.] Hanyang Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Ansan 426791, South Korea.
[Kolonay, R. M.; Blair, M.] USAF, Res Lab, Air Vehicles Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Canfield, R. A.] USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Park, GJ (reprint author), Hanyang Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Ansan 426791, South Korea.
EM gjpark@hanyang.ac.kr
RI Canfield, Robert/C-1798-2012
OI Canfield, Robert/0000-0003-3679-2815
FU Korea Science and Engineering Foundation; Korean government
[R01-2008000-10012-0]; U.S. Air Force [AOARD-06-4013]
FX This work was supported by the Korea Science and Engineering Foundation
grant funded by the Korean government (R01-2008000-10012-0) and the U.S.
Air Force (AOARD-06-4013). The authors are thankful to MiSun Park for
her correction of the manuscript.
NR 28
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 15
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0001-1452
J9 AIAA J
JI AIAA J.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 46
IS 11
BP 2703
EP 2713
DI 10.2514/1.33428
PG 11
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 371FT
UT WOS:000260817900005
ER
PT J
AU Enloe, CL
Font, GI
McLaughlin, TE
Orlov, DM
AF Enloe, C. L.
Font, G. I.
McLaughlin, T. E.
Orlov, D. M.
TI Surface Potential and Longitudinal Electric Field Measurements in the
Aerodynamic Plasma Actuator
SO AIAA JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID DIELECTRIC BARRIER DISCHARGES; ATMOSPHERIC-PRESSURE; SILENT DISCHARGE;
GLOW-DISCHARGE; MECHANISMS; GENERATION; SIMULATION; RESPONSES; NITROGEN
AB We present the results of a series of measurements in which an array of capacitive V-dot probes are used to determine the surface potential in a single dielectric barrier discharge plasma operated as an aerodynamic plasma actuator. From these measurements, we determine the longitudinal electric field in the plasma. The results show that the surface immediately (within the first alternating current cycle of the plasma discharge) acquires a net positive surface charge, so that the electric field in the plasma is asymmetric, the magnitude of the maximum field being more than 50% larger in the negative than the positive polarity. The measurements also show that there is a region several millimeters downstream from the exposed electrode edge over which the electric field maintains a constant positive (downstream) polarity over the course of the discharge cycle.
C1 [Enloe, C. L.; Font, G. I.; Orlov, D. M.] USAF Acad, Dept Phys, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
[McLaughlin, T. E.] USAF Acad, Aeronaut Res Ctr, Dept Aeronaut, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
RP Enloe, CL (reprint author), USAF Acad, Dept Phys, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
RI Orlov, Dmitriy/D-2406-2016
OI Orlov, Dmitriy/0000-0002-2230-457X
FU U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of the U.S. Air Force
Office of Scientific Research, Rhett Jefferies, Program Manager, to the
work presented here.
NR 73
TC 26
Z9 28
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0001-1452
J9 AIAA J
JI AIAA J.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 46
IS 11
BP 2730
EP 2740
DI 10.2514/1.33973
PG 11
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 371FT
UT WOS:000260817900008
ER
PT J
AU Smith, TC
Ryan, MAK
Smith, B
Gackstetter, GD
Wells, TS
Amoroso, PJ
Hooper, TI
Boyko, EJ
AF Smith, Tyler C.
Ryan, Margaret A. K.
Smith, Besa
Gackstetter, Gary D.
Wells, Timothy S.
Amoroso, Paul J.
Hooper, Tomoko I.
Boyko, Edward J.
CA Millennium Cohort Study Team
TI RE: "PSYCHIATRIC DIAGNOSES IN HISTORIC AND CONTEMPORARY MILITARY
COHORTS: COMBAT DEPLOYMENT AND THE HEALTHY WARRIOR EFFECT"
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
LA English
DT Letter
ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; MILLENNIUM COHORT; US MILITARY;
AFGHANISTAN; SERVICE; IRAQ
C1 [Smith, Tyler C.; Smith, Besa] USN, Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA USA.
[Ryan, Margaret A. K.] USN, Dept Occupat Hlth, Hosp Camp Pendleton, Camp Pendleton, CA USA.
[Gackstetter, Gary D.] Analyt Serv & Mat Inc, Arlington, VA USA.
[Wells, Timothy S.] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Amoroso, Paul J.] Madigan Army Med Ctr, Ft Lewis, WA USA.
[Hooper, Tomoko I.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
[Boyko, Edward J.] Seattle Epidemiol Res & Informat Ctr, Dept Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA.
RP Smith, TC (reprint author), USN, Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA USA.
EM tyler.smith2@med.navy.mil
NR 10
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 1
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 0002-9262
J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL
JI Am. J. Epidemiol.
PD NOV 1
PY 2008
VL 168
IS 9
BP 1094
EP U11
DI 10.1093/aje/kwn262
PG 2
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA 365BM
UT WOS:000260380900020
PM 18775922
ER
PT J
AU Rettig, CL
Roquemore, WM
Gord, JR
AF Rettig, C. L.
Roquemore, W. M.
Gord, J. R.
TI Efficiency and scaling of an ultrashort-pulse high-repetition-rate
laser-driven X-ray source
SO APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS
LA English
DT Article
ID PLASMA INTERACTIONS; DIFFRACTION; GENERATION; TARGET; ABSORPTION;
EMISSION; YIELD; KHZ
AB Technical issues and performance of a high-repetition-rate ultrafast-laser-based X-ray source have been studied experimentally in the context of developing a dedicated laboratory-based tool for combustion diagnostics. X-ray emission from numerous elemental materials have been investigated to compare with analytical based expectations for yield and efficiency, as well as to evaluate advantages of some materials for operational issues such as debris production and degree of efficiency enhancement utilizing various illumination configurations. A weak inverse scaling of conversion efficiency with atomic number was observed. Broadband energy conversion efficiency of approximately 10(-5) and yield greater than 10(10) photons/s have been measured with numerous target elements. Application of a pre-pulse significantly enhances conversion efficiency, and the enhancement factor depends on material. Thus, previous optimizations must be performed in the atomic number variation as well. Additionally, the efficiency enhancement associated with p-polarization incidence (relative to s-polarization) is observed to depend on base material reflectivity.
C1 [Rettig, C. L.] Innovat Sci Solut Inc, Dayton, OH 45440 USA.
[Roquemore, W. M.; Gord, J. R.] USAF, Res Lab, Prop Directorate, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
RP Rettig, CL (reprint author), Innovat Sci Solut Inc, 2766 Indian Ripple Rd, Dayton, OH 45440 USA.
EM curt.rettig@spectra-physics.com
NR 29
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0946-2171
J9 APPL PHYS B-LASERS O
JI Appl. Phys. B-Lasers Opt.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 93
IS 2-3
SI SI
BP 365
EP 372
DI 10.1007/s00340-008-3151-y
PG 8
WC Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Optics; Physics
GA 368IA
UT WOS:000260613600012
ER
PT J
AU Fadare, O
AF Fadare, Oluwole
TI Uterine Perivascular Epithelioid Cell Tumors (PEComas) and Epithelioid
Smooth Muscle Neoplasms
SO ARCHIVES OF PATHOLOGY & LABORATORY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Letter
ID UTERUS
C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
RP Fadare, O (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
NR 6
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU COLLEGE AMER PATHOLOGISTS
PI NORTHFIELD
PA C/O KIMBERLY GACKI, 325 WAUKEGAN RD, NORTHFIELD, IL 60093-2750 USA
SN 0003-9985
J9 ARCH PATHOL LAB MED
JI Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 132
IS 11
BP 1714
EP 1714
PG 1
WC Medical Laboratory Technology; Medicine, Research & Experimental;
Pathology
SC Medical Laboratory Technology; Research & Experimental Medicine;
Pathology
GA 369DV
UT WOS:000260675400007
PM 18976002
ER
PT J
AU Han, SW
Oh, SJ
Tan, LS
Baek, JB
AF Han, Sang-Wook
Oh, Se-Jin
Tan, Loon-Seng
Baek, Jong-Beom
TI One-pot purification and functionalization of single-walled carbon
nanotubes in less-corrosive poly(phosphoric acid)
SO CARBON
LA English
DT Article
ID POLY ETHER-KETONE; NANOFIBERS; SPECTROSCOPY; RAMAN; POLYMERIZATION;
NANOCOMPOSITES
AB As-received commercial single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) were treated in mild, inorganic polyacid, viz. polyphosphoric acid (PPA) with or without additional phosphorous pentoxide (P(2)O(5)) at 130, 160, and 190 degrees C. Unlike the treatment in strong acids such as nitric acid/sulfuric acid mixtures, nitric acid and hydrochloric acid, PPA with or without additional P(2)O(5) could selectively remove the tenacious carbonaceous and metallic impurities with little or no damage to the basic frameworks of SWCNTs and crystalline carbon materials. Since the medium PPA/P(2)O(5) is known for an efficient "direct" Friedel-Crafts acylation using a carboxylic acid instead of a carboxylic acid chloride, it provides the advantage of combining both purification and functionalization steps into a one-pot process in manufacturing of functionalized SWCNTs. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Baek, Jong-Beom] UNIST, Ulsan 689805, South Korea.
[Han, Sang-Wook; Oh, Se-Jin; Baek, Jong-Beom] Chungbuk Natl Univ, Sch Chem Engn, Cheongju 361763, Chungbuk, South Korea.
[Tan, Loon-Seng] USAF, Nanostruct & Biol Mat Branch, Mat & Mfg Directorate, AFRL RXBN,Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Baek, JB (reprint author), UNIST, Ulsan 689805, South Korea.
EM jbbaek@unist.ac.kr
RI Baek, Jong-Beom/E-5883-2010; Tan, Loon-Seng/F-6985-2012
OI Baek, Jong-Beom/0000-0003-4785-2326; Tan, Loon-Seng/0000-0002-2134-9290
FU Asian Office of Aerospace Research and Development (AFOSR-AOARD); Korea
Science and Engineering Foundation [R01-2007-00010031-0]
FX We are grateful to Jeong Hee Lee of Chungbuk National University for
obtaining SEM images. we also thank Asian Office of Aerospace Research
and Development (AFOSR-AOARD) and Korea Science and Engineering
Foundation (R01-2007-00010031-0) for their financial supports of this
research.
NR 27
TC 28
Z9 28
U1 2
U2 14
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0008-6223
J9 CARBON
JI Carbon
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 46
IS 14
BP 1841
EP 1849
DI 10.1016/j.carbon.2008.07.026
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 378EU
UT WOS:000261304800002
ER
PT J
AU Lee, HJ
Han, SW
Kwon, YD
Tan, LS
Baek, JB
AF Lee, Hwa-Jeong
Han, Sang-Wook
Kwon, Young-Do
Tan, Loon-Seng
Baek, Jong-Beom
TI Functionalization of multi-walled carbon nanotubes with various
4-substituted benzoic acids in mild polyphosphoric acid/phosphorous
pentoxide
SO CARBON
LA English
DT Article
ID POLY ETHER-KETONE; COMPOSITES; NANOFIBERS; NANOCOMPOSITES;
POLYMERIZATION; DISPERSION; MATRIX; POLYSTYRENE
AB Functionalization of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with various 4-substituted benzoic acids (BAcs) was conducted by using "direct" Friedel-Crafts acylation in mild polyphosphoric acid/phosphorous pentoxide. The degree of functionalization was studied using thermogravimetric analysis, elemental analysis, infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The overall evidence indicated that the MWCNTs had remained structurally intact as a result of the reaction. The more reactive BAcs showed that the larger arylcarbonyl moieties were covalently attached onto the surface of MWCNTs. The resultant functionalized MWCNTs (F-MWCNTs) formed bundles with average diameters of 40-70 nm depending on the polarity of the surface groups. The diameter dimensions of bundles were closely related to surface polarities of F-MWCNTs. The solubility/dispersibility and thermal properties of F-MWCNTs were also greatly influenced by the nature of the substituted groups. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Baek, Jong-Beom] UNIST, Ulsan 689805, South Korea.
[Lee, Hwa-Jeong; Han, Sang-Wook; Kwon, Young-Do; Baek, Jong-Beom] Chungbuk Natl Univ, Sch Chem Engn, Cheongju 361763, Chungbuk, South Korea.
[Tan, Loon-Seng] USAF, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Res Lab, AFRL RXBN, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Baek, JB (reprint author), UNIST, Ulsan 689805, South Korea.
EM jbbaek@unist.ac.kr
RI Baek, Jong-Beom/E-5883-2010; Tan, Loon-Seng/F-6985-2012
OI Baek, Jong-Beom/0000-0003-4785-2326; Tan, Loon-Seng/0000-0002-2134-9290
FU Asian Office of Aerospace Research and Development [AOARD064096]; Korea
Science and Engineering Foundation [R01-2007-000-10031-0]
FX We are grateful to the Asian Office of Aerospace Research and
Development (AOARD064096) and the Korea Science and Engineering
Foundation (R01-2007-000-10031-0) for extending their financial supports
to this research.
NR 52
TC 54
Z9 57
U1 0
U2 12
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0008-6223
J9 CARBON
JI Carbon
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 46
IS 14
BP 1850
EP 1859
DI 10.1016/j.carbon.2008.07.027
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 378EU
UT WOS:000261304800003
ER
PT J
AU Dickerson, MB
Sandhage, KH
Naik, RR
AF Dickerson, Matthew B.
Sandhage, Kenneth H.
Naik, Rajesh R.
TI Protein- and Peptide-Directed Syntheses of Inorganic Materials
SO CHEMICAL REVIEWS
LA English
DT Review
ID TOBACCO-MOSAIC-VIRUS; DEMOSPONGE SUBERITES-DOMUNCULA; CARBON NANOTUBE
GROWTH; BOVINE SERUM-ALBUMIN; CAGE-SHAPED PROTEIN; STABILIZED GOLD
NANOPARTICLES; SILICA-PRECIPITATING PEPTIDES; NARROW DIAMETER
DISTRIBUTION; ROOM-TEMPERATURE SYNTHESIS; MOLLUSK SHELL FORMATION
C1 [Dickerson, Matthew B.; Naik, Rajesh R.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Sandhage, Kenneth H.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Sandhage, Kenneth H.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biochem, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
RP Naik, RR (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM Rajesh.Naik@wpafb.af.mil
FU AFRL; National Research Council
FX We thank the members of the AFRL/RX biotechnology group for their
technical insights and AFRL for funding for this work. We are grateful
for the assistance provided by W. J. Crookes-Goodson and J. M. Slocik in
the critical reading and editing of this article. M.B.D. is supported by
a National Research Council Research Associateship award.
NR 299
TC 548
Z9 558
U1 27
U2 337
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0009-2665
J9 CHEM REV
JI Chem. Rev.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 108
IS 11
BP 4935
EP 4978
DI 10.1021/cr8002328
PG 44
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 373VR
UT WOS:000261002100023
PM 18973389
ER
PT J
AU Pandey, RB
Anderson, KL
Farmer, BL
AF Pandey, Ras B.
Anderson, Kelly L.
Farmer, Barry L.
TI SHEETS: ENTROPY DISSIPATION, MULTISCALE DYNAMICS, DISPERSION, AND
INTERCALATION
SO COMPUTING IN SCIENCE & ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
ID MONTE-CARLO-SIMULATION; TETHERED MEMBRANES; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; FILLED
POLYMERS; NANOCOMPOSITES; TEMPERATURE; SOLVENT; MELT
AB Sheets stacked within layers are common in clay; coarse-grained computer simulation modeling can predict how to disperse the layers in a different solvent matrix.
C1 [Pandey, Ras B.] Univ So Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA.
[Farmer, Barry L.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Pandey, RB (reprint author), Univ So Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA.
EM ras.pandey@usm.edu; kelly.anderson@cantab.net; barry.farmer@wpafb.af.mil
FU Materials and Manufacturing Directorate of the US Air Force Research
Laboratory
FX Support from the Materials and Manufacturing Directorate of the US Air
Force Research Laboratory is gratefully acknowledged.
NR 29
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 4
PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC
PI LOS ALAMITOS
PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA
SN 1521-9615
J9 COMPUT SCI ENG
JI Comput. Sci. Eng.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2008
VL 10
IS 6
BP 90
EP 98
DI 10.1109/MCSE.2008.155
PG 9
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
SC Computer Science
GA 361MC
UT WOS:000260130800015
ER
PT J
AU Folaron, I
Saliet-Wein, TJ
Alinaleh, MD
Hann, MC
AF Folaron, Irene
Saliet-Wein, Tom J.
Alinaleh, Michael D.
Hann, Matthew C.
TI Panhypopituitarism Due to a Pituitary Macroadenoma A Rare Cause of
Cardiac Tamponade
SO ENDOCRINOLOGIST
LA English
DT Review
DE parathyroid macroadenoma; panhypopituitarism; cardiac tamponade
ID PERICARDIAL-EFFUSION; HYPOTHYROIDISM; MYXEDEMA
AB Panhypopituitarism, particularly secondary hypothyroidisin and adrenal insufficiency, is a rare cause of cardiac tamponade. Recognition of this association and proper hormonal replacement are paramount to effective therapy for this cardiac emergency. We present the clinical Course of a patient whose cardiac tamponade was of a pituitary etiology. Relevant medical literature is also reviewed.
C1 [Folaron, Irene; Saliet-Wein, Tom J.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
[Alinaleh, Michael D.; Hann, Matthew C.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Cardiol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
RP Folaron, I (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, 2200 Bergquist Dr Ste 1, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
EM Irene.folaron@lackland.af.mil
NR 18
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 1051-2144
J9 ENDOCRINOLOGIST
JI Endocrinologist
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2008
VL 18
IS 6
BP 295
EP 299
DI 10.1097/TEN.0b013e31818fcc8c
PG 5
WC Endocrinology & Metabolism
SC Endocrinology & Metabolism
GA 375QZ
UT WOS:000261129700012
ER
PT J
AU Rutherford, MW
Kuratko, DF
Holt, DT
AF Rutherford, Matthew W.
Kuratko, Donald F.
Holt, Daniel T.
TI Examining the Link Between "Familiness" and Performance: Can the F-PEC
Untangle the Family Business Theory Jungle?
SO ENTREPRENEURSHIP THEORY AND PRACTICE
LA English
DT Article
ID FIRM PERFORMANCE; OWNERSHIP; PERSPECTIVE; ISSUES; RISK
AB Family business research appears to be caught in a "jungle" of competing theories in regards to familiness and performance. This study provides a further empirical examination into that relationship. We employ a family influence scale (the familiness-power, experience, and culture scale [F-PEC]) presented by Klein, Astrachan, and Smyrnios in an attempt to assess the relationship between familiness and performance in 831 family businesses. The resulting regression analysis adds to the current state of the literature by demonstrating significant and interesting results. Specifically, familiness showed associations with revenue, capital structure, growth, and perceived performance; however, the relationships were both positive and negative, thus casting doubt upon the F-PEC as a vehicle for untangling the jungle. We conclude with discussion and implications.
C1 [Rutherford, Matthew W.] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Management, Richmond, VA 23284 USA.
[Kuratko, Donald F.] Indiana Univ, Kelley Sch Business, Johnson Ctr Entrepreneurship & Innovat, Bloomington, IN USA.
[Holt, Daniel T.] USAF, Inst Technol, AFIT ENV, Dept Syst & Engn Management, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA.
RP Rutherford, MW (reprint author), Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Management, Richmond, VA 23284 USA.
EM mwrutherford@vcu.edu; dkuratko@indiana.edu; daniel.holt@afit.edu
NR 55
TC 50
Z9 52
U1 5
U2 24
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1042-2587
J9 ENTREP THEORY PRACT
JI Entrep. Theory Pract.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 32
IS 6
BP 1089
EP 1109
PG 21
WC Business
SC Business & Economics
GA 363GO
UT WOS:000260256000012
ER
PT J
AU Graupner, K
Graham, LM
Field, TA
Mayhew, CA
Fabrikant, II
Miller, TM
Braun, M
Ruf, MW
Hotop, H
AF Graupner, K.
Graham, L. M.
Field, T. A.
Mayhew, C. A.
Fabrikant, I. I.
Miller, T. M.
Braun, M.
Ruf, M. -W.
Hotop, H.
TI Highly resolved absolute cross-sections for dissociative electron
attachment to SF5CF3
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Electron attachment; Cross-section; Branching ratio; R-matrix
calculation; SF5CF3
ID TRIFLUOROMETHYL SULFUR PENTAFLUORIDE; POTENT GREENHOUSE-GAS;
NEGATIVE-ION FORMATION; R-MATRIX THEORY; HIGH-RESOLUTION; MOLECULES;
SF6; PHOTOABSORPTION; COLLISIONS; PHOTOELECTRON
AB Using two complementary experimental methods, we have measured partial (mass-resolved) cross-sections for dissociative electron attachment to the molecule trifluoromethyl sulfurpentafluoride (SF5CF3) at the gas temperature T-G = 300 K over a broad range of electron energies (E = 0.001-12 eV). The absolute scale for these cross-sections was obtained with reference to the thermal (T = 300 K) rate coefficient for anion formation (8.0(3) x 10(-8) cm(3) s(-1)). Below 1 eV, SF5- is the dominant product anion and formed through the lowest anion state which cuts the neutral SF5CF3 potential close to the S-C equilibrium distance. The highly resolved laser photoelectron attachment data exhibit a downward Wigner cusp at 86meV, indicating that the nu(4)(alpha(1)) vibrational mode is important for the primary attachment dynamics. Both SF5- and F- anions are formed with similar yields through the first excited resonance located near 3.6eV. Towards higher energies, the anions CF3-, SF4-, and SF3- are also produced. Summation of the partial cross-sections yields a total absolute cross-section for anion formation over the energy range 0.001-12 eV. This is used to calculate the dependence of the rate coefficient for dissociative electron attachment over a broad range of electron temperatures for the fixed gas temperature T-G = 300 K; good agreement is found between the calculated values and those obtained in a drift tube experiment. In addition to the experimental work, semiempirical R-matrix calculations have been Carried out for the energy dependence of the cross-section for SF5- formation. The experimental findings are semi-quantitatively recovered. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Braun, M.; Ruf, M. -W.; Hotop, H.] Tech Univ Kaiserslautern, Fachbereich Phys, D-67653 Kaiserslautern, Germany.
[Graupner, K.; Graham, L. M.; Field, T. A.] Queens Univ Belfast, Dept Phys & Astron, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland.
[Mayhew, C. A.] Univ Birmingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England.
[Fabrikant, I. I.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Phys & Astron, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA.
[Miller, T. M.] USAF, Res Lab, Bedford, MA 01731 USA.
RP Hotop, H (reprint author), Tech Univ Kaiserslautern, Fachbereich Phys, POB 3049, D-67653 Kaiserslautern, Germany.
EM hotop@physik.uni-kl.de
NR 45
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1387-3806
J9 INT J MASS SPECTROM
JI Int. J. Mass Spectrom.
PD NOV 1
PY 2008
VL 277
IS 1-3
BP 113
EP 122
DI 10.1016/j.ijms.2008.05.022
PG 10
WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy
SC Physics; Spectroscopy
GA 373YT
UT WOS:000261010100018
ER
PT J
AU Inoyama, D
Sanders, BP
Joo, JJ
AF Inoyama, Daisaku
Sanders, Brian P.
Joo, James J.
TI Topology Optimization Approach for the Determination of the
Multiple-Configuration Morphing Wing Structure
SO JOURNAL OF AIRCRAFT
LA English
DT Article
ID DISPLACEMENT COMPLIANT MECHANISMS; DESIGN; REPRESENTATION; SHAPE
AB The paper introduces an innovative topology optimization approach for determining the distribution of structural properties and actuators to design a morphing wing that is capable of achieving multiple target shapes. The previous investigation by the authors demonstrated, using various problem formulations and a novel modeling concept, the fundamental topology synthesis of a simple two-configuration morphing wing structure. The primary objective of the present investigation is therefore to introduce improvements and extensions to the previous concepts and problem formulations to those capable of accommodating the multiple-configuration definitions. The investigation includes the formulation of appropriate topology optimization problems and the development of effective modeling concepts. In addition, principal issues on the external load dependency and the reversibility of a design, as well as the appropriate selection of a reference configuration, are addressed in the investigation. The methodology to control actuator distributions and concentrations is also discussed. Finally, an example multiple-configuration problem that portrays the generic surveillance mission is solved to demonstrate the potential capabilities of the approach.
C1 [Inoyama, Daisaku] Orbital Sci Corp, Space Syst Grp, Dulles, VA 20166 USA.
[Sanders, Brian P.] USAF, Res Lab, Air Vehicles Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Joo, James J.] Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Aerosp Mech Div, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
RP Inoyama, D (reprint author), Orbital Sci Corp, Space Syst Grp, 21839 Atlantic Blvd, Dulles, VA 20166 USA.
FU Dayton Graduate Studies Institute (DAGSI); U.S. Air Force Office of
Scientific Research (AFOSR)
FX The authors acknowledge the support by Dayton Graduate Studies Institute
(DAGSI) and U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR). The
authors would also like to thank Krister Svanberg of the Royal Institute
of Technology (KTH), Stockholm, for assistance in the method of moving
asymptotes (MMA) code. The opinions and conclusions presented in the
paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views
of the acknowledged individual or organizations.
NR 22
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 8
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0021-8669
J9 J AIRCRAFT
JI J. Aircr.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2008
VL 45
IS 6
BP 1853
EP 1862
DI 10.2514/1.29988
PG 10
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 383FQ
UT WOS:000261659900003
ER
PT J
AU Hajj, MR
Beran, PS
AF Hajj, Muhammad R.
Beran, Philip S.
TI Higher-Order Spectral Analysis of Limit Cycle Oscillations of Fighter
Aircraft
SO JOURNAL OF AIRCRAFT
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC 48th Structures, Structural Dynamics, and
Materials Conference/3rd AIAA Multidisciplinary Design Optimization
Specialist Conference
CY APR 23-26, 2007
CL Honolulu, HI
SP Amer Inst Aeronaut & Astronaut, ASME, ASCE, AHS, ASC
ID WAVE INTERACTIONS
AB Higher-order spectral analysis is implemented to identify quadratic and cubic nonlinear aeroelastic phenomena associated with limit cycle oscillations encountered in a specific F-16 flight-test maneuver that consists of a straight and level flight followed by a windup turn at a Mach number near 0.95 and an altitude of 10,000 ft. The results show that nonlinear manifestations of the limit cycle oscillations are most prominent at the forward locations on the wing-tip and underwing launchers. Physical explanations of identified nonlinearities and relations to vibration modes of the different components are presented.
C1 [Hajj, Muhammad R.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
[Beran, Philip S.] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Hajj, MR (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
RI Hajj, Muhammad/A-1176-2010
NR 15
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0021-8669
J9 J AIRCRAFT
JI J. Aircr.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2008
VL 45
IS 6
BP 1917
EP 1923
DI 10.2514/1.34841
PG 7
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 383FQ
UT WOS:000261659900009
ER
PT J
AU Dogan, A
Lewis, TA
Blake, W
AF Dogan, Atilla
Lewis, Timothy A.
Blake, William
TI Flight Data Analysis and Simulation of Wind Effects During Aerial
Refueling
SO JOURNAL OF AIRCRAFT
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT AIAA Atmospheric Flight Mechanics Conference
CY AUG 18-21, 2008
CL Honolulu, HI
SP AIAA
ID DIRECTIONAL STABILITY; AIRCRAFT
AB This paper presents an analysis of data obtained in an automated aerial refueling test flight conducted with a KC-135 as the tanker and a Learjet 25 as the surrogate receiver unmanned aerial vehicle. The purpose is to identify the wind induced by the tanker wake and its effect on the receiver aircraft. From the available flight data, a direct computation of the winds experienced by the tanker and receiver is carried out. The mean variation of the receiver wind is compared with the tanker wind when the receiver is at the observation and contact positions. This results in the identification of the wake-induced wind. A spectrum analysis is conducted to characterize the turbulence and to identify the pilot effects. The paper also presents methods used to model 1) prevailing wind, 2) wake-vortex-induced wind, and 3) turbulence as the three sources of wind that the aircraft are exposed to and the approach used for incorporating the wind effect into the dynamic simulation of the aircraft. The test flight is simulated in various cases with different turbulence models and flight controllers. The simulation results are analyzed and compared with the flight data in terms of the power spectral densities and mean variations to validate the wind and turbulence modeling techniques.
C1 [Dogan, Atilla; Lewis, Timothy A.] Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Arlington, TX 76019 USA.
[Blake, William] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Dogan, A (reprint author), Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Arlington, TX 76019 USA.
OI Dogan, Atilla/0000-0002-6283-2086
NR 31
TC 22
Z9 24
U1 2
U2 8
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0021-8669
J9 J AIRCRAFT
JI J. Aircr.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2008
VL 45
IS 6
BP 2036
EP 2048
DI 10.2514/1.36797
PG 13
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 383FQ
UT WOS:000261659900020
ER
PT J
AU Lee, JH
Wu, CY
Wysocki, KM
Farrah, S
Wander, J
AF Lee, J. -H.
Wu, C-Y.
Wysocki, K. M.
Farrah, S.
Wander, J.
TI Efficacy of iodine-treated biocidal filter media against bacterial spore
aerosols
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE bio-aerosol; filtration efficiency; iodine; spore; viability
ID BACILLUS-SUBTILIS; N95 RESPIRATORS; WATER; AIR; PERFORMANCE;
DISINFECTANT; COLLECTION; RESISTANCE; PARTICLES; SURVIVAL
AB Aims: To assess the effectiveness of iodine-treated biocidal filter media against bacterial spore aerosols.
Methods and Results: Bacillus subtilis spores were aerosolized and introduced into a filtration system. Both treated and untreated filters exhibited high viable removal efficiency (> 99.996%) with negligible variation in pressure drop during the entire experiment. The viability of collected spores on the filter was investigated by enumeration of spores extracted from the filter by vortexing. At room temperature and low relative humidity (RH), the survival fraction of the treated filter was significantly lower than that of the untreated filter (P-value < 0.05). Meanwhile, at room temperature and high RH and at high temperature and high RH, the survival fractions on the treated medium were statistically the same as the untreated control at room temperature and low RH.
Conclusions: Both treated and untreated filters achieved excellent viable removal efficiency for spores. The pressure drop of the treated filter was not affected by the iodine treatment. The viability of collected bacterial spores was decreased because of the exertion of iodine disinfectant.
Significance and Impact of the Study: The evaluation demonstrates that the iodine-treated filter is a viable medium for respiratory protection against infectious spore aerosols. The results warrant further evaluation of smaller biological agents, which exhibit higher penetration.
C1 [Lee, J. -H.; Wu, C-Y.] Univ Florida, Dept Environm Engn Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Wysocki, K. M.] Univ Florida, Dept Chem Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Farrah, S.] Univ Florida, Dept Microbiol & Cell Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Wander, J.] USAF, Airbase Technol Div, Res Lab, Tyndall AFB, FL USA.
RP Wu, CY (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Environm Engn Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
EM cywu@ufl.edu
FU United States Air Force [FA8651-05-C-0136]
FX This research was supported by the United States Air Force through
contract No. FA8651-05-C-0136. We are grateful to Safe Life Corp. for
providing the filters for testing and to Dr Dale Lundgren for valuable
comments. We also thank Ying Li in Environmental Engineering Sciences
and Yoon-Jae Moon in Materials Science and Engineering for their
assistance in taking the SEM images and the Particle Engineering
Research Center in the University of Florida for providing the SEM.
NR 41
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 0
U2 5
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1364-5072
J9 J APPL MICROBIOL
JI J. Appl. Microbiol.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 105
IS 5
BP 1318
EP 1326
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2008.03855.x
PG 9
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
GA 361FP
UT WOS:000260113200009
PM 18564344
ER
PT J
AU Roberts, HW
Vandewalle, KS
Charlton, DG
Berzins, DW
AF Roberts, Howard W.
Vandewalle, Kraig S.
Charlton, David G.
Berzins, David W.
TI Fracture resistance of amalgam/glass-polyalkenoate open sandwich Class
II restorations: An in vitro study
SO JOURNAL OF DENTISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Root caries; Glass polyalkenoate; Amalgam; Fracture strength; Open
sandwich
ID GLASS-IONOMER CEMENT; ROOT-SURFACE CARIES; MARGINAL LEAKAGE;
MICROLEAKAGE; DENTIN; COMPOSITE; MODULUS; LINERS
AB Objective: To investigate the effect of two glass-polyalkenoate restorative materials used as root-dentin replacements on the fracture strength of Class II amalgam restorations.
Materials and methods: Class II slot preparations extending 2 mm apical to the cemento-enamel junction were made in 30 teeth and randomly assigned to three groups. Group I (Control): restored entirely with amalgam (Tytin, Sybron Kerr, Orange, CA, USA). Group 2: The root-dentin area was restored with a viscous conventional glass-polyalkenoate restorative material (Fuji IX GP, GC America, Alsip, IL, USA), and the remainder of the preparation restored with amalgam. Group 3: The root-dentin area was restored with a resin-modified glass-polyalkenoate restorative material (Fuji II LC, GC America) and the remainder restored with amalgam. The amalgam restorations were loaded in compression to failure and the data analyzed using one-way ANOVA (alpha = 0.05).
Results: No significant differences in fracture strength were found.
Conclusion: Root-dentin replacement with the tested glass-polyalkenoate materials did not affect the fracture strength of Class II amalgam restorations. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Charlton, David G.] Naval Inst Dent & Biomed Res, Great Lakes, IL 60088 USA.
[Roberts, Howard W.] USAF, Dent Evaluat & Consultat Serv, Great Lakes, IL USA.
[Charlton, David G.] Gen Dynam Informat Technol, Frederick, MD USA.
[Berzins, David W.] Marquette Univ, Milwaukee, WI 53233 USA.
RP Charlton, DG (reprint author), Naval Inst Dent & Biomed Res, 310A B St,Bldg 1-H, Great Lakes, IL 60088 USA.
EM david.charlton@med.navy.mil
NR 29
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0300-5712
J9 J DENT
JI J. Dent.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 36
IS 11
BP 873
EP 877
DI 10.1016/j.jdent.2008.07.001
PG 5
WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
GA 373QY
UT WOS:000260988300003
PM 18692947
ER
PT J
AU Stephan, CN
Simpson, EK
AF Stephan, Carl N.
Simpson, Ellie K.
TI Facial Soft Tissue Depths in Craniofacial Identification (Part I): An
Analytical Review of the Published Adult Data
SO JOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 59th Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Forensic-Science
CY FEB, 2007
CL San Antonio, TX
SP Amer Acad Forens Sci
DE forensic science; soft tissue thickness; facial approximation; facial
reproduction; facial reconstruction; superimposition
ID DEMOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS; MEDICAL-RESEARCH; RACE; THICKNESSES; ETHNICITY;
CHILDREN; GROWTH; RECONSTRUCTION; WHITE; PROFILE
AB With the ever increasing production of average soft tissue depth studies, data are becoming increasingly complex, less standardized, and more unwieldy. So far, no overarching review has been attempted to determine: the validity of continued data collection; the usefulness of the existing data subcategorizations; or if a synthesis is possible to produce a manageable soft tissue depth library. While a principal components analysis would provide the best foundation for such an assessment, this type of investigation is not currently possible because of a lack of easily accessible raw data (first, many studies are narrow; second, raw data are infrequently published and/or stored and are not always shared by some authors). This paper provides an alternate means of investigation using an hierarchical approach to review and compare the effects of single variables on published mean values for adults whilst acknowledging measurement errors and within-group variation. The results revealed: (i) no clear secular trends at frequently investigated landmarks; (ii) wide variation in soft tissue depth measures between different measurement techniques irrespective of whether living persons or cadavers were considered; (iii) no clear clustering of non-Caucasoid data far from the Caucasoid means; and (iv) minor differences between males and females. Consequently, the data were pooled across studies using weighted means and standard deviations to cancel out random and opposing study-specific errors, and to produce a single soft tissue depth table with increased sample sizes (e.g., 6786 individuals at pogonion).
C1 [Stephan, Carl N.] Univ Queensland, Sch Biomed Sci, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia.
[Simpson, Ellie K.] Forens Sci S Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.
RP Stephan, CN (reprint author), Joint Pow MIA Accounting Command, Cent Identificat Lab, 310 Worchester Ave, Hickam AFB, HI 96853 USA.
EM carl.stephan.AU@jpac.pacom.mil
RI Stephan, Carl/E-2408-2012; Stephan, Carl/A-8176-2015
OI Stephan, Carl/0000-0001-8696-3809
NR 112
TC 68
Z9 70
U1 0
U2 13
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0022-1198
J9 J FORENSIC SCI
JI J. Forensic Sci.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 53
IS 6
BP 1257
EP 1272
DI 10.1111/j.1556-4029.2008.00852.x
PG 16
WC Medicine, Legal
SC Legal Medicine
GA 365ZJ
UT WOS:000260448400001
PM 18783476
ER
PT J
AU Stephan, CN
Simpson, EK
AF Stephan, Carl N.
Simpson, Ellie K.
TI Facial Soft Tissue Depths in Craniofacial Identification (Part II): An
Analytical Review of the Published Sub-Adult Data
SO JOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 59th Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Forensic-Science
CY FEB, 2007
CL San Antonio, TX
SP Amer Acad Forens Sci
DE forensic science; soft tissue thickness; facial approximation; facial
reproduction; facial reconstruction; superimposition
ID CHILDREN; THICKNESSES; PROFILE
AB Prior research indicates that while statistically significant differences exist between subcategories of the adult soft tissue depth data, magnitudes of difference are small and possess little practical meaning when measurement errors and variations between measurement methods are considered. These findings raise questions as to what variables may or may not hold meaning for the sub-adult data. Of primary interest is the effect of age, as these differences have the potential to surpass the magnitude of measurement error. Data from the five studies in the literature on sub-adults which describe values for single integer age groups were pooled and differences across the ages examined. From 1 to 18 years, most soft tissue depth measurements increased by less than 3 mm. These results suggest that dividing the data for children into more than two age groups is unlikely to hold many advantages. Data were therefore split into two groups with the division point corresponding to the mid-point of the observed trends and main data density (0-11 and 12-18 years; division point = 11.5 years). Published sub-adult data for seven further studies which reported broader age groups were pooled with the data above to produce the final tallied soft tissue depth tables. These tables hold the advantages of increased sample sizes (pogonion has greater than 1770 individuals for either age group) and increased levels of certainty (as random and opposing systematic errors specific to each independent study should average out when the data are combined).
C1 [Stephan, Carl N.] Univ Queensland, Sch Biomed Sci, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia.
[Simpson, Ellie K.] Forens Sci S Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.
RP Stephan, CN (reprint author), Joint Pow MIA Accounting Command, Cent Identificat Lab, 310 Worchester Ave, Hickam AFB, HI 96853 USA.
EM carl.stephan.AU@jpac.pacom.mil
RI Stephan, Carl/E-2408-2012; Stephan, Carl/A-8176-2015
OI Stephan, Carl/0000-0001-8696-3809
NR 26
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 6
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0022-1198
J9 J FORENSIC SCI
JI J. Forensic Sci.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 53
IS 6
BP 1273
EP 1279
DI 10.1111/j.1556-4029.2008.00853.x
PG 7
WC Medicine, Legal
SC Legal Medicine
GA 365ZJ
UT WOS:000260448400002
PM 18783475
ER
PT J
AU Lu, P
Griffin, BJ
Dukeman, GA
Chavez, FR
AF Lu, Ping
Griffin, Brian J.
Dukeman, Gregory A.
Chavez, Frank R.
TI Rapid Optimal Multiburn Ascent Planning and Guidance
SO JOURNAL OF GUIDANCE CONTROL AND DYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT AIAA Guidance, Navigation, and Control Conference
CY AUG 20-23, 2007
CL Hilton Head Isl, SC
ID TRAJECTORIES; OPTIMIZATION; ARCS
AB This paper provides detailed development of an analytical multiple-shooting method for rapid and reliable generation of the optimal exoatmospheric ascent trajectory of a launch vehicle. The trajectory consists of two burns (stages) and an optimal coast arc between the two burns. The problem is known to be highly sensitive and challenging. The problem solution is given in closed form and quadratures and key development details are presented. An indepth analysis of a transversality condition in the optimal ascent problem is conducted to gain better understanding of the problem. The analysis reveals several properties that allow us to overcome a numerical difficulty caused by a scaling mismatch in the transversality condition. This measure is instrumental in increasing the convergence reliability of the algorithm. A dogleg trust-region method that is more robust than the classical Newton-Raphson method is employed for the numerical solution. The multiple-shooting formulation, constraint simplification, and more sophisticated numerical method are all aimed at enhancing the robustness of the algorithm for this otherwise difficult problem. The final product of combining all of these techniques is a very reliable, effective, and fast algorithm. Such an algorithm can be a valuable tool in rapid planning of launch missions and in onboard applications for closed-loop guidance.
C1 [Lu, Ping] Iowa State Univ, Dept Aerosp Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Dukeman, Gregory A.] NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA.
[Chavez, Frank R.] USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA.
RP Lu, P (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Aerosp Engn, 2271 Howe Hall, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
EM plu@iastate.edu; Brian.J.Griffin@nasa.gov; Greg.Dukeman@nasa.gov
NR 21
TC 18
Z9 25
U1 2
U2 8
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0731-5090
J9 J GUID CONTROL DYNAM
JI J. Guid. Control Dyn.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2008
VL 31
IS 6
BP 1656
EP 1664
DI 10.2514/1.36084
PG 9
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA 369YA
UT WOS:000260728600011
ER
PT J
AU Baldelli, DH
Lee, DH
Pena, RSS
Cannon, B
AF Baldelli, Dario H.
Lee, Dong-Hwan
Sanchez Pena, Ricardo S.
Cannon, Bryan
TI Modeling and Control of an Aeroelastic Morphing Vehicle
SO JOURNAL OF GUIDANCE CONTROL AND DYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC 48th Structures, Structural Dynamics, and
Materials Conference/3rd AIAA Multidisciplinary Design Optimization
Specialist Conference
CY APR 23-26, 2007
CL Honolulu, HI
SP Amer Inst Aeronaut & Astronaut, ASME, ASCE, AHS, ASC
ID REDUCTION; DESIGN
AB Morphing aircraft are conceived as multirole platforms that modify their external shape substantially to adapt to a changing mission environment. The dynamic response of the unmanned aerial vehicle will be governed by the time-varying aerodynamic forces and moments which will be a function of the wing's shape changes by the morphing command. Here, it is assumed that the morphing unmanned aerial vehicle behaves as a variable geometry rigid body, but with dynamic coefficients corrected to include quasi-steady aeroelastic effects. A multiloop controller for the aeroelastic morphing unmanned aerial vehicle concept is formulated to provide both proven structural and self-scheduled characteristics. The proposed controller uses a set of inner-loop gains to provide stability using classical techniques, whereas a linear parameter-varying outer-loop controller is devised to guarantee a specitic level of robust stability and performance for the time-varying dynamics. Reduced-order controllers are synthesized using a robust control reduction technique. A series of maneuvers are devised to exhaustively evaluate the performance of the synthesized multiloop controller subject to large-scale geometrical shape changes. The underlying multiloop approach successfully enables in-flight transformation between vehicle states in less than one minute, while maintaining the overall vehicle stability and control.
C1 [Baldelli, Dario H.; Lee, Dong-Hwan] ZONA Technol Inc, Scottsdale, AZ 85258 USA.
[Sanchez Pena, Ricardo S.] Univ Politecn Cataluna, Inst Catalana Recerca & Estudis Avancats, Barcelona 08222, Spain.
[Cannon, Bryan] USAF, Res Lab, Control Syst Dev & Applicat Branch, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45443 USA.
RP Baldelli, DH (reprint author), ZONA Technol Inc, Scottsdale, AZ 85258 USA.
NR 13
TC 7
Z9 13
U1 2
U2 11
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0731-5090
J9 J GUID CONTROL DYNAM
JI J. Guid. Control Dyn.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2008
VL 31
IS 6
BP 1687
EP 1699
DI 10.2514/1.35445
PG 13
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA 369YA
UT WOS:000260728600014
ER
PT J
AU Sinclair, AJ
Prazenica, RJ
Jeffcoat, DE
AF Sinclair, Andrew J.
Prazenica, Richard J.
Jeffcoat, David E.
TI Optimal and Feedback Path Planning for Cooperative Attack
SO JOURNAL OF GUIDANCE CONTROL AND DYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article
ID TARGET LOCALIZATION; HOMING MISSILES; GENERATION; VEHICLES; TRACKING;
MOTION
AB This paper considers cooperative path planning for aerial munitions during the attack phase of a mission against ground targets. It is assumed that sensor information from multiple munitions is available to refine an estimate of the target location. Based on models of the munition dynamics and sensor performance, munition trajectories are designed that enhance the ability to cooperatively estimate the target location. The problem is posed as an optimal control problem using a cost function based on the variances in the target-location estimate. These variances are computed by fusing the individual munition measurements in a weighted least-squares estimate. Solutions to the problem are found using a direct-shooting method. These solutions are compared with trajectories developed by an alternative suboptimal feedback-guidance law. This feedback law produces solutions with far less numerical expense and with a performance very close to the best known solutions. The reduction in target-location uncertainty associated with these trajectories could enable the attack of targets with greater precision using smaller, cheaper munitions.
C1 [Sinclair, Andrew J.] Auburn Univ, Dept Aerosp Engn, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.
[Prazenica, Richard J.] Radiance Technol, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA.
[Jeffcoat, David E.] USAF, Res Lab, Munit Directorate, Eglin AFB, FL 32542 USA.
RP Sinclair, AJ (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Dept Aerosp Engn, 211 Davis Hall, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.
EM sinclair@auburn.edu; rprazenica@radiancetech.com;
david.jeffcoat@eglin.af.mil
RI Sinclair, Andrew/H-2156-2013
NR 26
TC 20
Z9 21
U1 1
U2 18
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0731-5090
J9 J GUID CONTROL DYNAM
JI J. Guid. Control Dyn.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2008
VL 31
IS 6
BP 1708
EP 1715
DI 10.2514/1.35599
PG 8
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA 369YA
UT WOS:000260728600016
ER
PT J
AU Stevens, R
Wiesel, W
AF Stevens, Robert
Wiesel, William
TI Large Time Scale Optimal Control of an Electrodynamic Tether Satellite
SO JOURNAL OF GUIDANCE CONTROL AND DYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article
AB Low-thrust propulsion systems offer a fuel-efficient means to maneuver satellites to new orbits; however, they can only perform such maneuvers when they are continuously operated for a long time. Such long-term maneuvers occur over many orbital revolutions, often rendering short time scale trajectory optimization methods ineffective. An approach to multirevolution large time scale optimal control of an electrodynamic tether is investigated for a tethered satellite system in low Earth orbit with atmospheric drag. Control is assumed to be periodic over several orbits because, under the assumptions of a nearly circular orbit, periodic control yields the only solution that significantly contributes to secular changes in the orbital parameters. The optimal control problem is constructed in such a way as to maneuver the satellite to a new orbit while minimizing a cost function subject to the constraints of the time-averaged equations of motion by controlling current in the tether. Three optimal maneuvers were investigated for a 4 km tether in a 270 km initial orbit: maximum climb, maximum final inclination, and a minimum time orbit change. The resulting control solutions were propagated to verify their accuracy.
C1 [Stevens, Robert; Wiesel, William] USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Stevens, R (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM robert.stevens@afit.edu; william.wiesel@aft.edu
NR 11
TC 9
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 7
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0731-5090
J9 J GUID CONTROL DYNAM
JI J. Guid. Control Dyn.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2008
VL 31
IS 6
BP 1716
EP 1727
DI 10.2514/1.34897
PG 12
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA 369YA
UT WOS:000260728600017
ER
PT J
AU Ma, O
Dang, H
Pham, K
AF Ma, Ou
Dang, Hung
Pham, Khanh
TI On-Orbit Identification of Inertia Properties of Spacecraft Using a
Robotic Arm
SO JOURNAL OF GUIDANCE CONTROL AND DYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT AIAA Guidance, Navigation, and Control Conference
CY AUG 20-23, 2007
CL Hilton Head Isl, SC
AB This paper presents a robotics-based method for on-orbit identification of inertia properties of spacecraft. The method makes use of an onboard robotic arm to change the inertia distribution of the spacecraft system. As a result of the inertia redistribution, the velocity of the spacecraft system will change correspondingly. Because the velocity change is measurable and the inertia redistribution of the robotic arm itself is precisely computable, the inertia parameters of the spacecraft body become the only unknown in the momentum equations and, hence, can be identified from the momentum equations of the spacecraft system. To treat the problem as a linear identification problem, it has to be solved in two steps. The first step is to identify the mass and mass center of the spacecraft; and the second step is to identify the inertia tensor of the spacecraft. The advantages of this method are 1) it does not consume fuel because a robotic subsystem is energized by solar power; 2) it requires measuring velocities only, but not accelerations and forces; and 3) it is not affected by internal forces, which are difficult to accurately measure. The paper investigates the sensitivity of the method with respect to different arm/spacecraft mass ratios, arm motion trajectories, and velocity-measurement errors.
C1 [Ma, Ou] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
[Dang, Hung] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
[Pham, Khanh] USAF, Res Lab, Spacecraft Component Technol Branch, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA.
RP Ma, O (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
EM oma@nmsu.edu; Khanh.Pham@kirtland.af.mil
NR 20
TC 26
Z9 37
U1 4
U2 12
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0731-5090
J9 J GUID CONTROL DYNAM
JI J. Guid. Control Dyn.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2008
VL 31
IS 6
BP 1761
EP 1771
DI 10.2514/1.35188
PG 11
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA 369YA
UT WOS:000260728600021
ER
PT J
AU Jah, MK
Lisano, ME
Born, GH
Axelrad, P
AF Jah, Moriba K.
Lisano, Michael E., II
Born, George H.
Axelrad, Penina
TI Mars Aerobraking Spacecraft State Estimation by Processing Inertial
Measurement Unit Data
SO JOURNAL OF GUIDANCE CONTROL AND DYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT SpaceOps 2006 Conference
CY JUN 19-23, 2006
CL Rome, ITALY
AB Aerobraking is an efficient technique for orbit adjustment of planetary spacecraft, such as the Magellan (Venue), the Mars Global Surveyor, and the Mars Odyssey. Determination of the vehicle state during the aerobraking phase has conventionally been performed using only radiometric tracking data before and following the atmospheric drag pass. This approach is sufficiently accurate and timely to meet current mission operational requirements; however, it is human-hour-intensive and leads to delayed results because of the need for post-drag-pass data. This research presents a new approach to estimation of the vehicle state during the atmospheric pass that sequentially incorporates observations from an inertial measurement unit and models of the vehicle and environment. The approach, called inertial measurements for aeroassisted navigation, has a comparable navigation accuracy and superior availability of the results immediately after completion of the pass against current navigation team solutions. Furthermore, the research shows that inertial measurements for aeroassisted navigation can be used to reliably predict subsequent periapsis times and locations over all aerobraking regimes; it also yields accurate peak dynamic pressure and heating rates, critical for a successful corridor control strategy. This research also provides the first instance of the utilization of the unscented Kalman filter for the purpose of estimating an actual spacecraft trajectory arc about another planet.
C1 [Jah, Moriba K.] USAF, Res Lab, Kihei, HI 96753 USA.
[Lisano, Michael E., II] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Guidance Navigat & Control Sect, Pasadena, CA 91040 USA.
[Axelrad, Penina] Univ Colorado, Colorado Ctr Astrodynam Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Jah, MK (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Air Force Maui Opt & Supercomp Site,535 Lipoa Pkw, Kihei, HI 96753 USA.
OI Jah, Moriba/0000-0003-1109-0374
NR 21
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0731-5090
J9 J GUID CONTROL DYNAM
JI J. Guid. Control Dyn.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2008
VL 31
IS 6
BP 1802
EP 1813
DI 10.2514/1.24304
PG 12
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA 369YA
UT WOS:000260728600025
ER
PT J
AU Smith, AL
AF Smith, Austin L.
TI Proportional Navigation with Adaptive. Terminal Guidance for Aircraft
Rendezvous
SO JOURNAL OF GUIDANCE CONTROL AND DYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT AIAA Modeling and Simulation Technologies Conference
CY AUG 20-23, 2007
CL Hilton Head, SC
SP Amer Inst Aeronaut & Astronaut
ID CONSTRAINT; IMPACT
C1 USAF, Air Vehicles Directorate, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Smith, AL (reprint author), USAF, Air Vehicles Directorate, Res Lab, 2180 8th St, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
NR 9
TC 9
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0731-5090
J9 J GUID CONTROL DYNAM
JI J. Guid. Control Dyn.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2008
VL 31
IS 6
BP 1832
EP 1836
DI 10.2514/1.33535
PG 5
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA 369YA
UT WOS:000260728600031
ER
PT J
AU Nadgorny, EM
Dimiduk, DM
Uchic, MD
AF Nadgorny, Edward M.
Dimiduk, Dennis M.
Uchic, Michael D.
TI Size effects in LiF micron-scale single crystals of low dislocation
density
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID NICKEL MICROCRYSTALS; PLASTIC-FLOW; STRENGTH
AB This stud), examines the size-dependent deformation response Of pure LiF single crystals using microcompression testing. Microcrystals with an < 001 > orientation and sample diameter D ranging from I to 20 mu m were fabricated by focused loll beam (FIB)-milling from bulk crystals having a low initial dislocation density. Both as-grown and gamma-irradiated crystals were examined to characterize the effect of an increased point defect density on the size-affected plastic flow response. Similar to previously Studied face-centered cubic (FCC)-derivative metals, both types of LiF microcrystals exhibit typical size-dependent plastic flow behavior: a dramatic size-dependent and statistically varying flow stress, atypically high strain hardening rates at small plastic strains. and fast intermittent strain bursts. The size-dependent strengthening, obeys a power law, sigma similar to D-'''. where m approximate to 0.8, and this rapid hardening results in enoineerincy flow stresses of 650 MPa in 1-mu m samples. The findings are evaluated against possible dislocation mechanisms that Could be responsible for the observed size effects.
C1 [Nadgorny, Edward M.] Gen Dynam Informat Technol, Dayton, OH 45431 USA.
[Dimiduk, Dennis M.; Uchic, Michael D.] USAF, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Nadgorny, EM (reprint author), Gen Dynam Informat Technol, Dayton, OH 45431 USA.
EM nadgorny@mtu.edu
NR 25
TC 32
Z9 32
U1 1
U2 8
PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOC
PI WARRENDALE
PA 506 KEYSTONE DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA
SN 0884-2914
J9 J MATER RES
JI J. Mater. Res.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 23
IS 11
BP 2829
EP 2835
DI 10.1557/JMR.2008.0349
PG 7
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA 373AU
UT WOS:000260944200001
ER
PT J
AU Maruyama, B
Arepalli, S
AF Maruyama, Benji
Arepalli, Sivaram
TI The Proceedings of the Second Workshop on SWCNT Growth Mechanisms
Organized by NASA-JSC and Rice University
SO JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Maruyama, Benji] USAF, Res Lab, Nanostructured & Biol Mat Branch, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA.
[Arepalli, Sivaram] NASA, Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr, Houston, TX 77058 USA.
RP Maruyama, B (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Nanostructured & Biol Mat Branch, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA.
RI Arepalli, Sivaram/A-5372-2010; Maruyama, Benji/E-3634-2010
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERS
PI STEVENSON RANCH
PA 25650 NORTH LEWIS WAY, STEVENSON RANCH, CA 91381-1439 USA
SN 1533-4880
J9 J NANOSCI NANOTECHNO
JI J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 8
IS 11
BP 6052
EP 6052
DI 10.1166/jnn.2008.SW1a
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials
Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA 379IV
UT WOS:000261390800068
ER
PT J
AU Powell, ET
AF Powell, Ehaa T.
TI The Role of Negative Pressure Wound Therapy With Reticulated Open Cell
Foam in the Treatment of War Wounds
SO JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC TRAUMA
LA English
DT Article
DE NPWT/ROCF; aeromedical; VAC; VAC Therapy
ID VACUUM-ASSISTED CLOSURE; SOFT-TISSUE INJURIES; EXPERIENCE
AB The treatment of war wounds poses many unique challenges to all healthcare providers (surgeons, flight medics, nurses, etc.), whether they arc located at the far forward trauma hospitals located in or near areas of conflict, at regional hospitals Such as Landstuhl Medical Center in Germany, or the larger military hospitals in the United States. These complex wounds often involve massive loss of soft tissue and bone, arc contaminated, and are unlike most injuries seen at civilian hospitals. Treatment guidelines, or doctrine, Lire the result of lessons learned in conflicts over the past few centuries dating back to early 19th century Europe through the Vietnam and recent Persian Gulf war. Advances in surgical and medical treatment have resulted from the complex challenges presented to the war trauma surgeon. More than I million patients have been treated for chronic pressure ulcers, abdominal wounds, diabetic ulcers. and acute civilian trauma wounds with negative pressure wound therapy with reticulated open cell foam (NPWT/ROCF) as delivered by VA.C.(R) Therapy (KCI, San Antonio. TX) for over the past decade. However, the use of NPWT/ROCF for the care of war Wounds at battlefield trauma hospitals and/or in the aeromedical evacuation transport system aboard aircraft is a new application of this wound treatment not yet accepted as doctrine. Investigational studies are ongoing to Study the safety and efficacy of the treatment of battlefield wounds with NPWT/ROCF both for those national citizens treated at the trauma hospitals in Iraq and Afghanistan and for those Wounded American and coalition patients who are transported through the aeromedical transport system to medical centers in the United States.
C1 [Powell, Ehaa T.] 3rd Med Grp, Elmendorf AFB, AK USA.
RP Powell, ET (reprint author), Alaska Reg Hosp, 2751 DeBarr Rd,Suite 310, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM etpowell@gci.net
NR 15
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 5
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0890-5339
J9 J ORTHOP TRAUMA
JI J. Orthop. Trauma
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2008
VL 22
IS 10
SU S
BP S138
EP S141
DI 10.1097/BOT.0b013e318188e27d
PG 4
WC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences
SC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences
GA 371GP
UT WOS:000260820100004
PM 19034160
ER
PT J
AU Murillo, J
Wang, Y
Xu, XP
Klebe, RJ
Chen, ZH
Zardeneta, G
Pal, S
Mikhailova, M
Steffensen, B
AF Murillo, Jesse
Wang, Yao
Xu, Xiaoping
Klebe, Robert J.
Chen, Zhihua
Zardeneta, Gustavo
Pal, Sanjay
Mikhailova, Margarita
Steffensen, Bjorn
TI Advanced Glycation of Type I Collagen and Fibronectin Modifies
Periodontal Cell Behavior
SO JOURNAL OF PERIODONTOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Advanced glycation end products; diabetes mellitus; fibronectin;
methylglyoxal; periodontal disease; type I collagen
ID END-PRODUCTS; EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX; DIABETES-MELLITUS; MAILLARD
REACTION; ADVANCED GLYCOSYLATION; POTENTIAL MECHANISM; ADHESION
PROTEINS; HUMAN LENS; METHYLGLYOXAL; BINDING
AB Background: Advanced glycation end products (AGES) have been linked to pathogenic mechanisms of diabetes mellitus. However, little is known about the contribution of protein glycation to periodontal disease in patients with diabetes. Therefore, this study investigated whether glycation of type I Collagen (COLI) and fibronectin (FN) modified the behavior of human gingival fibroblasts (hGFs) and periodontal ligament fibroblasts (hPDLs).
Methods: Procedures for rapid in vitro glycation of COLI and FN used methylglyoxal (MG). Formation of AGEs was analyzed by changes in protein migration using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Western blotting with antibodies specific for MG-glycated proteins. Experiments then characterized the effects of glycated FN and COLI on the behavior of hGFs and hPDLs.
Results: MG glycated COLI and FN in <6 hours. Confirming the specificity of the reactions, antibodies specific for MG-induced AGES reacted with glycated FN and COLI but not with control proteins. In cell culture experiments, glycated FN was significantly less efficient in supporting the attachment of hGFs and hPDLs (P<0.05). Moreover, the morphologic parameters, including length, area, perimeter, and shape factor, were altered (P<0.001) for cells on both glycated proteins. Finally, cell migration was reduced on glycated FN and COLI (P<0.001).
Conclusions: MG treatment efficiently glycated COLI and FN, providing a new tool to study the effects of diabetes on periodontal disease. The substantial effects of glycated COLI and FN on hGF and hPDL behavior indicated that protein glycation contributed to the pathogenesis and altered periodontal wound healing observed in patients with diabetes. J Periodontol 2008;79:2190-2199.
C1 [Murillo, Jesse; Wang, Yao; Xu, Xiaoping; Chen, Zhihua; Pal, Sanjay; Mikhailova, Margarita; Steffensen, Bjorn] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Periodont, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA.
[Murillo, Jesse] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA.
[Klebe, Robert J.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Cellular & Struct Biol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA.
[Zardeneta, Gustavo] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Oral & Maxillofacial Surg, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA.
[Steffensen, Bjorn] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Biochem, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA.
RP Steffensen, B (reprint author), Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Periodont, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA.
EM steffensenb@uthscsa.edu
FU National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland [DE14236, DE17139,
DE016312]
FX The authors appreciate the contribution of antibodies by Dr. Farrukh A.
Shamsi, Center for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Case
Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio. This research was supported
by grants DE14236, DE17139, and DE016312 from the National Institutes of
Health, Bethesda, Maryland. The views expressed in this article are
those of the authors and are not to be construed as official or as
reflecting the views of the United States Air Force or Department of
Defense. The authors report no conflicts of interest related to this
study.
NR 49
TC 22
Z9 25
U1 1
U2 7
PU AMER ACAD PERIODONTOLOGY
PI CHICAGO
PA 737 NORTH MICHIGAN AVENUE, SUITE 800, CHICAGO, IL 60611-2690 USA
SN 0022-3492
EI 1943-3670
J9 J PERIODONTOL
JI J. Periodont.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 79
IS 11
BP 2190
EP 2199
DI 10.1902/jop.2008.080210
PG 10
WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
GA 372WV
UT WOS:000260933900025
PM 18980529
ER
PT J
AU Allgood, D
Gutmark, E
Hoke, J
Bradley, R
Schauer, F
AF Allgood, Daniel
Gutmark, Ephraim
Hoke, John
Bradley, Royce
Schauer, Fred
TI Performance Studies of Pulse Detonation Engine Ejectors
SO JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER
LA English
DT Article
ID TUBE
AB An experimental study on the performance of pulse detonation engine ejectors was performed. Time-averaged thrust augmentation produced by straight and diverging pulse detonation engine ejectors was measured using a damped thrust stand. The ejector length-to-diameter ratio was varied from 1.25 to 5.62 by changing the length of the ejector and maintaining a nominal ejector diameter ratio of 2.75. In general, the level of thrust augmentation was found to increase with ejector length. Also, the ejector performance was observed to be strongly dependent on the operating fill fraction. A new nondimensional parameter incorporating the fill fraction was proposed. When the pulse detonation engine ejector data were represented as a function of this new parameter, the ejector data were reduced to one representative thrust augmentation curve for ejectors of similar internal geometry. Straight pulse detonation engine ejectors compared well with the available data on straight steady-flow ejectors. Diverging pulse detonation engine ejectors produced nearly twice the thrust augmentation as their straight-ejector counterparts due to the additional thrust surface area the divergence provided. All pulse detonation engine ejectors tested were seen to be sensitive to the axial position of the ejector as well. The optimum ejector axial placement was found to be a function of fill fraction due to a tradeoff between the detonation wave induced drag and increased
C1 [Gutmark, Ephraim] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Aerosp Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA.
[Hoke, John; Bradley, Royce] Innovat Sci Solut Inc, Dayton, OH 45440 USA.
[Schauer, Fred] USAF, Res Lab, Prop Directorate, Head Pulsed Detonat Res Facil, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Allgood, D (reprint author), NASA, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
OI Gutmark, Ephraim/0000-0001-7816-4257
FU U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory and Innovative Scientific Solutions,
Inc.; NASA Glenn Research Center [NAG3-2669]; University of Cincinnati
FX The authors would like to thank the Propulsion Directorate at the U.S.
Air Force Research Laboratory and Innovative Scientific Solutions, Inc.,
for providing the financial support for this work. In addition, the
authors are grateful for the financial support from NASA Glenn Research
Center (NAG3-2669) for sponsoring the development of the University of
Cincinnati pulse detonation engine research facility. The technical
support of Curtis Rice of Innovative Scientific Solutions, Inc., is also
appreciated.
NR 23
TC 9
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0748-4658
J9 J PROPUL POWER
JI J. Propul. Power
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2008
VL 24
IS 6
BP 1317
EP 1323
DI 10.2514/1.35001
PG 7
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 372EX
UT WOS:000260886000015
ER
PT J
AU Glaser, AJ
Caldwell, N
Gutmark, E
Hoket, J
Bradley, R
Schauer, F
AF Glaser, Aaron J.
Caldwell, Nicholas
Gutmark, Ephraim
Hoket, John
Bradley, Royce
Schauer, Frederick
TI Study on the Operation of Pulse-Detonation Engine-Driven Ejectors
SO JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER
LA English
DT Article
ID THRUST AUGMENTATION; PERFORMANCE; IMPULSE; MODEL; TUBE
AB Experimental studies were performed to improve the understanding of the operation of ejector augmenters driven by a pulse-detonation engine. The research employs an H-2-air pulse-detonation engine at an operating frequency of 30 Hz. Static pressure was measured along the interior surface of the ejector, including the inlet and exhaust sections. Thrust augmentation provided by the ejector was calculated by integration of the static pressure measured along the ejector geometry. The computed thrust augmentation was in good agreement with that obtained from direct thrust measurements. Both straight and diverging ejectors were investigated. The diverging ejector pressure distribution shows that the diverging section acts as a subsonic diffuser and has a tremendous impact on the behavior of the inlet entrainment flow. Static pressure data were also collected for various ejector axial positions. These data supported the thrust augmentation trends found through direct thrust measurements. Specifically, the optimum axial placement was found to be downstream of the pulse-detonation engine near x/D-PDE = +2, whereas upstream placements tend to result in decreasing thrust augmentation. To provide a better explanation of the observed performance trends, shadowgraph images of the detonation wave and trailing vortex interacting with the ejector inlet were obtained.
C1 [Glaser, Aaron J.; Caldwell, Nicholas; Gutmark, Ephraim] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Aerosp Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA.
[Hoket, John; Bradley, Royce] Innovat Sci Solut Inc, Dayton, OH 45440 USA.
[Schauer, Frederick] USAF, Res Lab, AFRL PRTC, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Glaser, AJ (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Dept Aerosp Engn, ML0070, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA.
OI Gutmark, Ephraim/0000-0001-7816-4257
FU U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory and Innovative Scientific Solutions,
Inc., (ISSI)
FX The authors would like to acknowledge the Propulsion Directorate at the
U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory and Innovative Scientific Solutions,
Inc., (ISSI) for providing financial support for this work. The
technical support of Curtis Rice of ISSI is also greatly appreciated, as
is the assistance of Russell Dimicco of the Gas Dynamics and Propulsion
Laboratory at the University of Cincinnati.
NR 28
TC 8
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0748-4658
J9 J PROPUL POWER
JI J. Propul. Power
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2008
VL 24
IS 6
BP 1324
EP 1331
DI 10.2514/1.37869
PG 8
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 372EX
UT WOS:000260886000016
ER
PT J
AU Phoenix, RD
Fleigel, JD
AF Phoenix, Rodney D.
Fleigel, Jeffrey D.
TI CAST MODIFICATION FOR IMMEDIATE COMPLETE DENTURES:TRADITIONAL AND
CONTEMPORARY CONSIDERATIONS WITH AN INTRODUCTION OF SPATIAL MODELING
SO JOURNAL OF PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID COMPLETE DENTURES; CONSTRUCTION; THICKNESS; SERVICE; GINGIVA
C1 [Phoenix, Rodney D.] USAF, Grad Prosthodont Residency Program, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
[Fleigel, Jeffrey D.] USAF Acad, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
RP Phoenix, RD (reprint author), USAF, Grad Prosthodont Residency Program, 2450 Pepperrell St, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
EM ambp56@aol.com
NR 25
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 2
PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0022-3913
J9 J PROSTHET DENT
JI J. Prosthet. Dent.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 100
IS 5
BP 399
EP 405
DI 10.1016/S0022-3913(08)60244-9
PG 7
WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
GA 374LB
UT WOS:000261043800010
PM 18992574
ER
PT J
AU Beesley, R
Trevino, N
Smyth, M
Gould, C
Robinson, R
AF Beesley, Ronald
Trevino, Naomi
Smyth, Michael
Gould, Claire
Robinson, Randal
TI Vaginal Fluid Human Chorionic Gonadotropin for Detection of Rupture of
Membranes
SO JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTIVE MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
DE human chorionic gonadotropin; rupture of membranes
ID PREMATURE RUPTURE; AMNIOTIC-FLUID; DIAGNOSIS
AB OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the accuracy of qualitative and quantitative human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) assays to detect ruptured amniotic membranes (ROM) in term patients.
STUDY DESIGN: We conducted a prospective cohort study enrolling 100 term pregnancies with intact membranes. Samples were collected before and immediately following ROM, and at 2 and 4 hours post-ROM. Quantitative and qualitative hCG assays were performed on all samples. Outcome measures included the detection and measured amount Of hCG before and after ROM. Sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive values for the qualitative assays were determined.
RESULTS: A total of 98% pre-ROM and 100% post-ROM qualitative assays tested positive with mean quantitative hCG levels of 181.30 mIU/mL, and 208.24 mIU/mL, respectively. The qualitative post-ROM sensitivity was 100%; however, the pre-ROM specificity was only 2%. The positive predictive value for detecting ROM was 50%.
CONCLUSION: Qualitative and quantitative hCG assays are not useful for determining ROM in term pregnancies. (J Reprod Med 2008;53:823-826)
C1 [Beesley, Ronald; Trevino, Naomi; Smyth, Michael; Gould, Claire; Robinson, Randal] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
RP Beesley, R (reprint author), Univ Vermont, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Fletcher Allen Hlth Care, 111 Colchester Ave, Burlington, VT 05401 USA.
EM rd-beesley@yahoo.com
NR 9
TC 0
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU J REPROD MED INC
PI ST LOUIS
PA 8342 OLIVE BLVD, ST LOUIS, MO 63132 USA
SN 0024-7758
J9 J REPROD MED
JI J. Reprod. Med.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 53
IS 11
BP 823
EP 826
PG 4
WC Obstetrics & Gynecology
SC Obstetrics & Gynecology
GA 376ZR
UT WOS:000261222000002
PM 19097513
ER
PT J
AU Berger, KT
Greene, FA
Kimmel, R
Alba, C
Johnson, H
AF Berger, Karen T.
Greene, Frank A.
Kimmel, Roger
Alba, Christopher
Johnson, Heath
TI Aerothermodynamic Testing and Boundary-Layer Trip Sizing of the HIFiRE
Flight 1 Vehicle
SO JOURNAL OF SPACECRAFT AND ROCKETS
LA English
DT Article
ID ROUGHNESS
AB An experimental wind-tunnel test was conducted in the NASA Langley Research Center's 20 in. Mach 6 air tunnel in support of the Hypersonic International Flight Research Experimentation Program. The information in this paper focuses on the flight 1 configuration, the first in a series of flight experiments. The paper documents the experimental measurements made over Reynolds numbers ranging from 2.1 to 5.6 x 10(6)/ft and angles of attack from -5 to +5 deg on several scaled ceramic heat-transfer models of the flight I configuration. Global heat transfer was measured using phosphor thermography, and the resulting images and heat-transfer distributions were used to infer the state of the boundary layer on the vehicle wind- and lee-side surfaces. Boundary-layer trips were used to obtain turbulent heating information, and the experimental data highlighted in this paper were used to size and place the boundary-layer trip for the flight vehicle. The required height of the flight boundary-layer trip was determined to be 0.079 in., and the trip was moved from the design location of 7.87 to 20.47 in. to ensure that augmented heating would not impact the laminar side of the vehicle. The allowable roughness was selected to be 3.2 x 10(-3) in.
C1 [Berger, Karen T.; Greene, Frank A.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Aerothermodynam Branch, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
[Kimmel, Roger] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Alba, Christopher; Johnson, Heath] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
RP Berger, KT (reprint author), NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Aerothermodynam Branch, Mail Stop 408A, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
NR 20
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0022-4650
J9 J SPACECRAFT ROCKETS
JI J. Spacecr. Rockets
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2008
VL 45
IS 6
BP 1117
EP 1124
DI 10.2514/1.38722
PG 8
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 384MT
UT WOS:000261749600004
ER
PT J
AU Griffin, S
Lane, SA
Lazzaro, A
AF Griffin, Steven
Lane, Steven A.
Lazzaro, Anthony
TI Active Vibroacoustic Device for Noise Reduction in Launch Vehicles
SO JOURNAL OF SPACECRAFT AND ROCKETS
LA English
DT Article
ID POSITIVE POSITION FEEDBACK; SPACE STRUCTURES; ACOUSTIC CONTROL;
TRANSMISSION; RESONATOR; ENCLOSURE; ARRAYS
AB This paper presents the development of a noise mitigation device for launch vehicle fairings and the performance of the device as measured from sounding rocket experiments conducted by the U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory, Space Vehicles Directorate. A new modeling approach to predict the internal acoustic response particular to sounding rockets is presented wherein the interior noise results from the time varying accelerations acting through the forward bulkhead. This model is different from typical approaches used for payload fairing noise prediction in which the primary noise sources are the rocket motors. This model would also apply to rockets of a similar aspect ratio and acceleration profile. The active acoustic absorber presented in this work can be tuned for optimal performance just minutes before launch. Acceleration and acoustic measurements from two sounding rocket launches are presented to validate the modeling approach and to demonstrate the performance of the active acoustic absorber. Data showed that a single device achieved an 8.8 dB reduction in the sound pressure level from 20 to 300 Hz.
C1 [Griffin, Steven; Lazzaro, Anthony] Boeing SVS Inc, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA.
[Lane, Steven A.] USAF, Res Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA.
RP Griffin, S (reprint author), Boeing SVS Inc, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA.
NR 28
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0022-4650
J9 J SPACECRAFT ROCKETS
JI J. Spacecr. Rockets
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2008
VL 45
IS 6
BP 1282
EP 1292
DI 10.2514/1.36787
PG 11
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 384MT
UT WOS:000261749600020
ER
PT J
AU Black, JT
Leifer, J
Smith, SW
AF Black, Jonathan T.
Leifer, Jack
Smith, Suzanne Weaver
TI Global Static Testing and Model Validation of Stiffened Thin-Film
Polyimide Panels
SO JOURNAL OF SPACECRAFT AND ROCKETS
LA English
DT Article
ID SPACE STRUCTURES; TORUS
C1 [Black, Jonathan T.] USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45430 USA.
[Leifer, Jack] Trinity Univ, Dept Engn Sci, San Antonio, TX 78212 USA.
[Smith, Suzanne Weaver] Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506 USA.
RP Black, JT (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45430 USA.
RI Black, Jonathan/R-4875-2016
OI Black, Jonathan/0000-0001-9315-3994
FU NASA Graduate Student Research Program [NNL04AA21H]; NASA Small Business
Innovation Research
FX This work was performed under a NASA Graduate Student Research Program
fellowship, grant number NNL04AA21H (Richard Pappa, advisor), and a NASA
Small Business Innovation Research grant (Larry Bradford, principal
investigator). This work is a portion of a Ph.D. Dissertation through
the University of Kentucky, Jack Leifer and Suzanne Weaver Smith,
advisors, and George Blandford and Kozo Saito, committee members.
NR 23
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0022-4650
J9 J SPACECRAFT ROCKETS
JI J. Spacecr. Rockets
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2008
VL 45
IS 6
BP 1318
EP 1323
DI 10.2514/1.37131
PG 6
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 384MT
UT WOS:000261749600024
ER
PT J
AU Logan-Collins, LM
Barnes, SL
Huezo, KL
Pritts, TA
AF Logan-Collins, Locelyn M.
Barnes, Stephen L.
Huezo, Karen L.
Pritts, Timothy A.
TI Management of Common Postoperative Emergencies: Are July Interns Ready
for Prime Time?
SO JOURNAL OF SURGICAL EDUCATION
LA English
DT Article
ID CENTRAL LINE SIMULATION; LAPAROSCOPIC SKILLS; TEACHING HOSPITALS;
SURGICAL OUTCOMES; NONTEACHING HOSPITALS; TRANSLATING SKILLS; TRAINING
ALGORITHM; OPERATING-ROOM; WORK HOURS; SIM TIME
C1 Univ Cincinnati, Dept Surg, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA.
USAF, Ctr Sustainment Trauma & Readiness Skills, Cincinnati, OH USA.
RP Logan-Collins, LM (reprint author), 231 Albert Sabin Way,Mail Locat 0558, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA.
EM jmlc@insightbb.com
NR 40
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 1931-7204
J9 J SURG EDUC
JI J. Surg. Educ.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2008
VL 65
IS 6
BP 453
EP 459
DI 10.1016/j.jsurg.2008.04.009
PG 7
WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Surgery
SC Education & Educational Research; Surgery
GA 383YI
UT WOS:000261709900012
ER
PT J
AU Yuldashev, SU
Kang, TW
Nusretov, RA
Khvan, IV
Khabibullaev, PK
Yeo, YK
Hengehold, RL
AF Yuldashev, Sh. U.
Kang, T. W.
Nusretov, R. A.
Khvan, I. V.
Khabibullaev, P. K.
Yeo, Y. K.
Hengehold, R. L.
TI Electroluminescence of n-Zn1-xMgxO/ZnO/p-Zn1-xMgxO Heterostructures
Grown on Si Substrates
SO JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 13th International Conference on II-VI Compounds
CY SEP 10-14, 2007
CL Jeju City, SOUTH KOREA
DE p-type ZnO; ZnO/ZnMgO heterostructure; Electroluminescence
ID ZNO FILMS; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE
AB The n-Zn0.9Mg0.1O/ZnO/p-Zn0.9Mg0.1O heterojunction structures were grown on single-crystal p-type Si (100) substrates by using a simple process of ultrasonic spray pyrolysis. Aqueous solutions of zinc acetate, magnesium acetate, and ammonium acetate were used as the sources of Zn, Mg, and N, respectively. P-type conductivity was observed for the nitrogen-doped ZnO and Zn0.9Mg0.1O films. A distinct visible electroluminescence was observed at room temperature from the n-Zn0.9Mg0.1O/ZnO/p-Zn0.9Mg0.1O heterojunction structures under forward bias conditions.
C1 [Yuldashev, Sh. U.; Kang, T. W.] Dongguk Univ, Quantum Funct Semicond Res Ctr, Seoul 100715, South Korea.
[Nusretov, R. A.; Khvan, I. V.; Khabibullaev, P. K.] Uzbek Acad Sci, Heat Phys Dept, Tashkent 700135, Uzbekistan.
[Yeo, Y. K.; Hengehold, R. L.] USAF, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Yuldashev, SU (reprint author), Dongguk Univ, Quantum Funct Semicond Res Ctr, Seoul 100715, South Korea.
EM shavkat@dongguk.edu
NR 18
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 3
PU KOREAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI SEOUL
PA 635-4, YUKSAM-DONG, KANGNAM-KU, SEOUL 135-703, SOUTH KOREA
SN 0374-4884
EI 1976-8524
J9 J KOREAN PHYS SOC
JI J. Korean Phys. Soc.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 53
IS 5
SI SI
BP 2913
EP 2916
PN 2
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 372XH
UT WOS:000260935100035
ER
PT J
AU Geri, GA
Pierce, BJ
Patterson, R
AF Geri, George A.
Pierce, Byron J.
Patterson, Robert
TI Oculomotor contribution to the change in perceived speed with viewing
distance
SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA A-OPTICS IMAGE SCIENCE AND
VISION
LA English
DT Article
ID EGOCENTRIC DISTANCE; STEREOSCOPIC DEPTH; VELOCITY CONSTANCY; SIZE
CONSTANCY; ADJUSTMENTS; PERCEPTION; MOTION; CUES; CONVERGENCE
AB An array of moving circular stimuli was used to determine whether perceived speed is affected by the oculomotor responses associated with changes in viewing distance. The perceived speed of stimuli viewed at either 0.33 or 1.33 m was compared to the perceived speed of a similar stimulus viewed at a distance of 5.5 m. In addition, a control condition was run in which changes in perceived speed were compared for monocular viewing of the 0.33 in and 5.5 m stimuli. In the binocular condition, there were statistically significant decreases in perceived speed of about 11% for the 0.33 in viewing distance, and about 6.5% for the 1.33 in viewing distance. There was no significant decrease in perceived speed in the monocular condition. This latter finding, along with the similar appearance of the near and far stimuli in the monocular condition, suggests that ocular vergence (as opposed to accommodation or vergence-accommodation) was the primary determinant of the change in perceived speed with changes in binocular viewing distance. Although the change in perceived speed with fixation distance was relatively small, the data from all observers were in the direction of speed constancy. Thus, to the extent that vergence is a cue to egocentric distance, the present data suggest that egocentric distance is used to scale the perceived speed of targets moving at different distances from the observer. 0 2008 Optical Society of America
C1 [Geri, George A.; Patterson, Robert] Visual Res Lab, Mesa, AZ 85212 USA.
[Pierce, Byron J.] USAF, Res Lab, Mesa, AZ 85212 USA.
[Patterson, Robert] Washington State Univ, Dept Psychol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
RP Patterson, R (reprint author), Visual Res Lab, 6030 S Kent St, Mesa, AZ 85212 USA.
EM rpatter@mail.wsu.edu
FU U.S. Air Force [F-41624-97-D-5000, FA8650-05-D-6502]; Air Combat Command
(ACC/A8AT); Secretary of the Air Force International Affairs (SAF/IA);
Defence Research and Development Canada-Toronto
FX This research was performed at the U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory,
Mesa, Arizona, and was supported by U.S. Air Force contracts
F-41624-97-D-5000 and FA8650-05-D-6502. In addition, the following
agencies provided financial and/or technical support for this research:
Air Combat Command (ACC/A8AT), Secretary of the Air Force International
Affairs (SAF/IA), and Defence Research and Development Canada-Toronto.
The authors thank Edgar Moreno (The Boeing Co.) for providing the
stimulus generation and data collection software. The views expressed
here are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or
position of the Department of Defense or the U.S. Government.
NR 28
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1084-7529
J9 J OPT SOC AM A
JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. A-Opt. Image Sci. Vis.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 25
IS 11
BP 2851
EP 2857
DI 10.1364/JOSAA.25.002851
PG 7
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 381FI
UT WOS:000261520700029
PM 18978866
ER
PT J
AU Weld, KJ
Montiglio, C
Bush, AC
Dixon, PS
Schwertner, HA
Hensley, DM
Cowart, JR
Cespedes, RD
AF Weld, Kyle J.
Montiglio, Claudio
Bush, Anneke C.
Dixon, Patricia S.
Schwertner, Harvey A.
Hensley, Donna M.
Cowart, Jerry R.
Cespedes, R. Duane
TI Predicting Irreparable Renal Ischemic Injury Using a Real-Time Marker in
the Porcine Model
SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE kidney; ischemia; microdialysis; swine; glycerol
ID NEPHRON SPARING SURGERY; LAPAROSCOPIC PARTIAL NEPHRECTOMY; WARM
ISCHEMIA; MICRODIALYSIS; COMPLICATIONS; HYPOTHERMIA; GLUTAMATE; LACTATE
AB Purpose: We determined the maximal renal tolerance of warm ischemia using renal cortical interstitial metabolic changes to identify a potential real-time marker of irreparable renal function.
Materials and Methods: Using a single kidney model 3 groups of 5 pigs each underwent 120, 150 and 180 minutes of warm ischemia, respectively. Microdialysis samples were collected before, during and after ischemia. Renal function assessments consisting of serum creatinine and GFR measurements were performed before ischemia and on post-ischemia days 1, 5, 9, 14 and 28. Kidneys exposed and not exposed to ischemia were collected for histological study.
Results: Interstitial glucose and pyruvate concentrations decreased, while lactate concentrations increased to stable levels during ischemia. Glutamate spiked at 30 minutes of ischemia and subsequently tapered, while glycerol increased throughout warm ischemia time. At post-ischemia day 28 renal function returned to pre-ischemia baseline levels in the group with 120 minutes of ischemia but did not recover to baseline in the 150 and 180-minute ischemic groups. Functional data correlated with histological findings. The 120-minute maximal renal tolerance of warm ischemia correlated with a mean +/- SD glycerol concentration of 167 +/- 24 mu mol/l.
Conclusions: Interstitial glycerol is a real-time, renal unit specific, minimally invasive marker of renal function deterioration. Exposure of porcine kidneys to ischemic insults resulting in renal cortical interstitial glycerol concentrations higher than 167 mu mol/l is associated with irreparable functional damage in this model.
C1 [Bush, Anneke C.; Dixon, Patricia S.; Schwertner, Harvey A.; Hensley, Donna M.; Cowart, Jerry R.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Clin Res, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
[Bush, Anneke C.; Dixon, Patricia S.; Schwertner, Harvey A.; Hensley, Donna M.; Cowart, Jerry R.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Urol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
RP Weld, KJ (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Urol SGCXU, 2200 Bergquist Dr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
EM Kyle.weld@lackland.af.mil
NR 20
TC 14
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0022-5347
J9 J UROLOGY
JI J. Urol.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 180
IS 5
BP 2218
EP 2225
DI 10.1016/j.juro.2008.07.017
PG 8
WC Urology & Nephrology
SC Urology & Nephrology
GA 361BH
UT WOS:000260102000085
PM 18804795
ER
PT J
AU Eller, R
Ginsburg, M
Lurie, D
Heman-Ackah, Y
Lyons, K
Sataloff, R
AF Eller, Robert
Ginsburg, Mark
Lurie, Deborah
Heman-Ackah, Yolanda
Lyons, Karen
Sataloff, Robert
TI Flexible Laryngoscopy: A Comparision of Fiber Optic and Distal Chip
Technologies. Part 1: Vocal Fold Masses
SO JOURNAL OF VOICE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 35th Annual Symposium of the Voice-Foundation
CY JUN, 2006
CL Philadelphia, PA
SP Voice Fdn
DE Flexible laryngoscopy; Fiber optic; Distal chip; Stroboscopy;
Videostroboscopy; Vocal fold; Larynx; Digital; Videoendoscope;
Laryngoscope; Mass; Mucosal wave; Larynx; Imaging; Cyst
ID STROBOSCOPY
AB This study was designed to evaluate the usefulness of fiber optic (FO) and distal chip (DC) flexible imaging platforms in the diagnosis of true vocal fold pathology when compared to the gold standard rigid transoral laryngeal telescopic examination. The recorded strobovideolaryngoscopic examinations of 34 consecutive patients were evaluated retrospectively by five raters. All stroboscopy segments were evaluated by two laryngologists, an otolaryngologist, a laryngology fellow, and an otolaryngology resident. Seventeen patients were examined with a high-quality, large-diameter, FO flexible laryngoscope (170 group) and 17 random patients were examined with a DC flexible laryngoscope (DC group). Each patient was also examined Using rigid laryngeal videostroboscopy at the same sitting. Examinations of three patients from each group were presented twice to monitor internal consistency. Diagnoses of intrinsic vocal fold pathology made with the flexible laryngoscopes were compared for accuracy to the diagnoses provided using the rigid laryngeal telescope. The ability to make clinical diagnoses via stroboscopy was statistically equivalent with FO technology and DC technology. Rigid examination provided more information than the flexible examination in 27% of the FO examinations and in 32% of the DC examinations. DC technology did not add diagnostic information to the examination when compared to a high-quality, large-diameter, FO endoscope. Rigid endoscopy provides Superior images of the true vocal folds and is necessary for precise diagnosis in patients with true vocal fold pathology. Thus, the most cost- effective means of evaluation of voice disorders remains FO flexible endoscopy for dynamic voice assessment and the neurolarynglogic examination followed by rigid stroboscopy for evaluation of the Vocal fold edge and mucosal wave. Strobovideolaryngoscopy using high-quality FO or DC flexible equipment should be reserved for patients who cannot tolerate transoral rigid examination. such as children and those with a very strong gag reflex.
C1 [Eller, Robert] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, USAF Aerodigest & Voice Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA.
[Ginsburg, Mark] Philadelphia Coll Osteopath Med, Philadelphia, PA USA.
[Lurie, Deborah] St Josephs Univ, Dept Math & Comp Sci, Philadelphia, PA 19131 USA.
[Heman-Ackah, Yolanda; Lyons, Karen; Sataloff, Robert] Drexel Univ, Coll Med, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
RP Sataloff, R (reprint author), 1721 Pine St, Philadelphia, PA 19103 USA.
EM robert.cllcr@lackland.af.mil
NR 12
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 2
PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0892-1997
J9 J VOICE
JI J. Voice
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 22
IS 6
BP 746
EP 750
DI 10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.04.003
PG 5
WC Otorhinolaryngology
SC Otorhinolaryngology
GA 376CI
UT WOS:000261160200018
PM 18207364
ER
PT J
AU Fechine, PBA
Moretzsohn, RST
Costa, RCS
Derov, J
Stewart, JW
Drehman, AJ
Junqueira, C
Sombra, ASB
AF Fechine, P. B. A.
Moretzsohn, R. S. T.
Costa, R. C. S.
Derov, J.
Stewart, J. W.
Drehman, A. J.
Junqueira, C.
Sombra, A. S. B.
TI Magneto-dielectric properties of the Y3FE5O12 and GD(3)FE(5)O(12)
dielectric ferrite resonator antennas
SO MICROWAVE AND OPTICAL TECHNOLOGY LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE rare earth iron garnets; ferrite-resonator antennas; wide-band;
antennas; ferrite
ID COAXIAL PROBE; AIR-GAP
AB The main objective of this work was to study the magnetic (aid dielectric properties of Y3Fe5O12 and Gd3Fe5O12 garnets resonator antennas obtained from a new procedure in the solid stale ceramic technique. These ferrite resonator antennas (FRAs) had the ability to change their characteristics as a function of the applied magnetic,field. The Y3Fe5O12 resonator was able to increase the antenna frequency range with application of external magnetic field. Some of the properties of dielectric resonator antennas (DRAs) can be actively, controlled by using low-loss ferrite materials. When unbiased, these ferrite resonator antennas (FRAs) exhibit similar behavior to DRAs. However when a DC magnetic bias is applied, the tensor nature of the ferrite permeability is invoked, and various parameters can be controlled electronically. We also studied the magnetic behavior of the antennas and did a numerical study of the gain and directivity of the ferrite resonator antennas. These results can he important to develop wideband third-generation (3G) cellular phones and other wireless products. (c) 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
C1 [Fechine, P. B. A.] Univ Fed Ceara, Dept Quim Analit & Fis Quim, BR-60451970 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
[Moretzsohn, R. S. T.; Costa, R. C. S.; Sombra, A. S. B.] Univ Fed Ceara, Lab Telecomunicacoes & Ciencia & Engn Mat LOCEM, Dept Fis, BR-60451970 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
[Derov, J.; Stewart, J. W.; Drehman, A. J.] USAF, Res Lab, Sensors Directorate, Hanscom AFB, MA USA.
[Junqueira, C.] AEL, Div Elect, IAE, CTA, BR-12228904 Sao Jose Dos Campos, SP, Brazil.
RP Fechine, PBA (reprint author), Univ Fed Ceara, Dept Quim Analit & Fis Quim, Campus Pici,CP 12100, BR-60451970 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
EM fechine@ufc.br
RI Fechine, Pierre/B-7937-2013; 8, INCT/H-6363-2013; 51, INCT/H-6644-2013;
Fotonica, INCT/H-9159-2013; Costa, Rodrigo/C-1176-2014; Sombra, Antonio
/B-2963-2013; UFC, DF/E-1564-2017; Universidade Federal do Ceara,
Physics Department/J-4630-2016
OI Fechine, Pierre/0000-0002-7822-2354; Universidade Federal do Ceara,
Physics Department/0000-0002-9247-6780
FU CAPES; CNPq; FUNCAP; CELESTICA; U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific
Research (AFOSR) [FA9550-06-1-0543]
FX This work was partly sponsored by CAPES, CNPq, FUNCAP (Brazilian
agencies), CELESTICA, and the U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific
Research (AFOSR) (FA9550-06-1-0543).
NR 23
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 22
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 0895-2477
J9 MICROW OPT TECHN LET
JI Microw. Opt. Technol. Lett.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 50
IS 11
BP 2852
EP 2857
DI 10.1002/mop.23824
PG 6
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics
SC Engineering; Optics
GA 352ZB
UT WOS:000259534800033
ER
PT J
AU Appolonio, KK
Fingerhut, P
AF Appolonio, Kathryn Kanzler
Fingerhut, Pandy
TI Postpartum Depression in a Military Sample
SO MILITARY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 40th Annual Association-for-Behavioral-and-Cognitive-Theory Conference
CY NOV 16-19, 2006
CL Chicago, IL
SP Assoc Behav & Cognit Theory
ID MOTHER-INFANT INTERACTIONS; POSTNATAL DEPRESSION; MENTAL-HEALTH;
AIR-FORCE; WOMEN; SCALE; PREDICTORS; RISK; SATISFACTION; METAANALYSIS
AB Postpartum depression (PPD) affects nearly I in 8 mothers and has many negative implications. Studies show particular risk factors are linked with PPD. There are nearly 200,000 women serving in the U.S. Armed Forces, but little is known regarding PPD and active duty (AD) mothers. This study examined rates and risk factors for AD mothers and found that 19.5% were positive for PPD symptoms. Ten significant psychosocial factors were associated with PPD, including low self-esteem, prenatal anxiety, prenatal depression, history of previous depression, social support, poor marital satisfaction, life stress, child care stress, difficult infant temperament, and maternity blues. This study has implications for prevention, identification, and treatment of AD military women with PPD.
C1 [Appolonio, Kathryn Kanzler] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA.
[Fingerhut, Pandy] La Salle Univ, Doctoral Program Clin Psychol, Dept Psychol, Philadelphia, PA 19143 USA.
RP Appolonio, KK (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA.
NR 43
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U1 3
U2 7
PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US
PI BETHESDA
PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0026-4075
J9 MIL MED
JI Milit. Med.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 173
IS 11
BP 1085
EP 1091
PG 7
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 372UT
UT WOS:000260928200007
PM 19055183
ER
PT J
AU Corso, KA
McGeary, DD
AF Corso, Kent A.
McGeary, Donald D.
TI Trichotillomania and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: A Case Study
SO MILITARY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID COGNITIVE-BEHAVIORAL TREATMENT; OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDER;
HABIT-REVERSAL; OUTCOME QUESTIONNAIRE; COMMITMENT THERAPY; DOUBLE-BLIND;
FLUOXETINE; TRIAL; CLOMIPRAMINE; ACCEPTANCE
AB This is a clinical case study of a 45-year-old, Caucasian male, active duty military officer. It demonstrates the short-term efficacy of habit-reversal training on the treatment of trichotillomania (TTM) in three 50-minute sessions, with concomitant, but unanticipated decreases in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms and emotional distress as measured by the PTSD Checklist, Form PCL-M and OQ-45, respectively. This study discusses the benefits and limitations of such a short treatment for comorbid TTM and PTSD, while positing the relationship between the two disorders. Finally, it]ends support for the classification of TTM as an anxiety disorder rather than an impulse-control disorder.
C1 [Corso, Kent A.] Eglin Hosp, Eglin AFB, FL 32542 USA.
[McGeary, Donald D.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Med Wing 59, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
RP Corso, KA (reprint author), Eglin Hosp, Suite 114,307 Boatner Rd, Eglin AFB, FL 32542 USA.
EM kentcorso@gmail.com
NR 41
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 3
U2 4
PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US
PI BETHESDA
PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0026-4075
J9 MIL MED
JI Milit. Med.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 173
IS 11
BP 1136
EP 1141
PG 6
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 372UT
UT WOS:000260928200015
PM 19055191
ER
PT J
AU Ballard, EA
Campbell, SE
AF Ballard, Elizabeth A.
Campbell, Scot E.
TI Unusual Pattern of Bucket-Handle, Medial Meniscal Tear in Magnetic
Resonance Imaging
SO MILITARY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID HUMAN CADAVERIC KNEE; CONTACT MECHANICS; MENISCECTOMY
AB We present an unusual case of a medial meniscal tear in which a large fragment of meniscus was displaced posteriorly, outside the intercondylar notch, posterior to the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL). The appearance mimicked a second PCL posteriorly. The extensive longitudinal ("bucket-handle") tear was detached from the anterior horn of the meniscus but remained in continuity with the posterior tibial attachment. The fragment was prevented from displacement into the intercondylar notch by its large size, the ligament of Humphrey, and the anatomic location of the PCL. This case highlights the value of thin-section, high-resolution, cartilage-sensitive imaging, not only in defining the extent, location, and source of displaced meniscal fragments but also in demonstrating associated chondral injuries.
C1 [Ballard, Elizabeth A.] Univ Florida, Hlth Sci Ctr, Coll Med, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA.
[Campbell, Scot E.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
RP Ballard, EA (reprint author), Univ Florida, Hlth Sci Ctr, Coll Med, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA.
NR 8
TC 1
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 1
PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US
PI BETHESDA
PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0026-4075
J9 MIL MED
JI Milit. Med.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 173
IS 11
BP 1142
EP 1144
PG 3
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 372UT
UT WOS:000260928200016
PM 19055192
ER
PT J
AU Wang, SA
Tang, GL
Fadare, O
Hao, SY
Raza, A
Woda, BA
Hasserjian, RP
AF Wang, Sa A.
Tang, Guilin
Fadare, Oluwole
Hao, Suyang
Raza, Azra
Woda, Bruce A.
Hasserjian, Robert P.
TI Erythroid-predominant myelodysplastic syndromes: enumeration of blasts
from nonerythroid rather than total marrow cells provides superior risk
stratification
SO MODERN PATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE myelodysplastic syndrome; erythroid precursors; blasts enumeration;
prognosis; survival
ID ACUTE MYELOID-LEUKEMIA; TRANS-RETINOIC ACID; GENE-EXPRESSION;
BONE-MARROW; VALPROIC ACID; CD34(+) CELLS; CLASSIFICATION;
ERYTHROLEUKEMIA; TRANSPLANTATION; PROPOSALS
AB In the FAB (French-American-British) and WHO (World Heath Organization) classifications, the blasts in erythroleukemia (M6a) are enumerated from the marrow nonerythroid rather than the total-nucleated cells. However, the method for blast calculation in erythroid-predominant myelodysplastic syndrome (erythroblasts >= 50%) is not specified either in the FAB or WHO classifications. We retrieved the files of 74 erythroid-predominant myelodysplastic syndrome patients (17% of all myelodysplastic syndrome) and 192 myelodysplastic syndrome controls (erythroblasts < 50%). In erythroid-predominant myelodysplastic syndrome, by enumerating blasts from marrow nonerythroid cells rather than from total nucleated cells, 41 of 74 (55%) cases would be upgraded, either by disease subcategory or International Prognostic Scoring System. Importantly, the patients with >= 5% blasts demonstrated a superior survival to patients with >= 5% blasts (P = 0.002); this distinction was lost when blasts were calculated from total-nucleated cells. Of cases with >= 5% blasts, cytogenetics rather than blast count correlated with survival. We conclude that in erythroid-predominant myelodysplastic syndrome, blast calculation as a proportion of marrow nonerythroid rather than total nucleated cells can better stratify patients into prognostically relevant groups.
C1 [Wang, Sa A.] Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Hematopathol, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
[Wang, Sa A.; Tang, Guilin; Hao, Suyang; Woda, Bruce A.] Univ Massachusetts, UMass Mem Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Worcester, MA 01605 USA.
[Fadare, Oluwole] Lackland AFB, Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX USA.
[Raza, Azra] St Vincents Comprehens Canc Ctr, Myelodysplast Syndrome Program, New York, NY USA.
[Hasserjian, Robert P.] Harvard Univ, Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Boston, MA USA.
RP Wang, SA (reprint author), Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Hematopathol, 1515 Holcombe Blvd,Unit 72, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
EM swang5@mdanderson.org
FU NCI NIH HHS [P30 CA016672]
NR 28
TC 31
Z9 31
U1 0
U2 0
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK STREET, 9TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 0893-3952
J9 MODERN PATHOL
JI Mod. Pathol.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 21
IS 11
BP 1394
EP 1402
DI 10.1038/modpathol.2008.142
PG 9
WC Pathology
SC Pathology
GA 365RK
UT WOS:000260425300013
PM 18839018
ER
PT J
AU Hall, SN
Jacobson, SH
Sewell, EC
AF Hall, Shane N.
Jacobson, Sheldon H.
Sewell, Edward C.
TI An Analysis of Pediatric Vaccine Formulary Selection Problems
SO OPERATIONS RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID SET COVERING PROBLEM; APPROXIMATION ALGORITHM; COMBINATION VACCINES;
ECONOMIC VALUE; IMMUNIZATION; CHALLENGES
AB Vaccination against infectious disease is hailed as one of the great achievements in public health. However, the United States Recommended Childhood Immunization Schedule is becoming increasingly complex as it is expanded to cover additional diseases. Moreover, biotechnology advances have allowed vaccine manufacturers to create combination vaccines that immunize against several diseases in a single injection. All these factors are creating a combinatorial explosion of alternatives and choices (each with a different cost) for public health policy makers, pediatricians, and parents/guardians (each with a different perspective). The General Vaccine Formulary Selection Problem (GVFSP) is introduced to model general childhood immunization schedules that can be used to illuminate these alternatives and choices by selecting a vaccine formulary that minimizes the cost of fully immunizing a child and the amount of extraimmunization. Both exact algorithms and heuristics for GVFSP are presented. A computational comparison of these algorithms and heuristics is presented for the 2006 Recommended Childhood Immunization Schedule, as well as several randomly generated childhood immunization schedules that are likely to be representative of future childhood immunization schedules. The results reported here provide both fundamental insights into the structure of the GVFSP models and algorithms and practical value for the public health community.
C1 [Hall, Shane N.] USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Operat Sci, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Jacobson, Sheldon H.] Univ Illinois, Dept Comp Sci, Simulat & Optimizat Lab, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Sewell, Edward C.] So Illinois Univ, Dept Math & Stat, Edwardsville, IL 62026 USA.
RP Hall, SN (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Operat Sci, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM shane.hall@afit.edu; shj@illinois.edu; esewell@siue.edu
OI Jacobson, Sheldon/0000-0002-9042-8750
FU National Science Foundation [DMI-0457176, DMI-0456945]; Air Force Office
of Scientific Research [FA9550-07-1-0232]
FX The authors thank Bruce G. Weniger, M. D., M. P. H., Assistant Chief for
Vaccine Development, Vaccine Safety and Development Branch, National
Immunization Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, for
his efforts in providing the authors with the original problem being
addressed here, his assistance with obtaining appropriate data in
support of the models and analysis, and his long-standing encouragement
and feedback on this line of research. His input on this work has been
invaluable and appreciated. The authors gratefully acknowledge Udatta
Palekar, College of Business, University of Illinois at
Urbana-Champaign, for noting an error in the original formulation of
GVFSP. Finally, the authors thank the special issue editors, Stefanos
Zenios and Edwin Romeijn, the associate editor, and four anonymous
referees for their insightful comments and suggestions that resulted in
a significantly improved manuscript. This research was supported in part
by the National Science Foundation ( grants DMI-0457176 and
DMI-0456945). The second author was also supported in part by the Air
Force Office of Scientific Research (FA9550-07-1-0232). The views
expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the
official policy or position of the United States Air Force, Department
of Defense, National Science Foundation, or the United States
Government.
NR 45
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 3
PU INFORMS
PI HANOVER
PA 7240 PARKWAY DR, STE 310, HANOVER, MD 21076-1344 USA
SN 0030-364X
J9 OPER RES
JI Oper. Res.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2008
VL 56
IS 6
BP 1348
EP 1365
DI 10.1287/opre.1080.0612
PG 18
WC Management; Operations Research & Management Science
SC Business & Economics; Operations Research & Management Science
GA 410GK
UT WOS:000263565300003
ER
PT J
AU Edwards, D
Humbert, W
Kim, C
AF Edwards, David
Humbert, William
Kim, Charles
TI Influence of sensing geometry on polarimetric reflectance data
SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE polarization; Mueller matrix; scatterometer; Scattering bistatic
measurement; monostatic measurement
ID MUELLER-MATRIX; TURBID MEDIA; POLARIZATION
AB Our objective is to disseminate the importance of sensing geometry when comparing reflectance data from different polarimeters. Results are presented from an eye-safe laser scatterometer that was used to measure the Mueller matrix of samples under a diversity of sensing geometries, thus providing a common reference for instrument comparison. Data from three other polarimeters are compared to this reference, and apparent discrepancies are explained in terms of each instrument's unique experimental sensing geometry. Results are also provided showing that the degree of sensing geometry dependence varied widely among sample types. c 2008 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. [DOI: 10.1117/1.3027482]
C1 [Edwards, David; Humbert, William] USAF, Res Lab, Eglin AFB, FL 32542 USA.
[Kim, Charles] Northrop Grumman Corp, Rolling Meadows, IL 60008 USA.
RP Edwards, D (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, 101 W Eglin Blvd, Eglin AFB, FL 32542 USA.
FU AFRL [FA8651-06-C-0348]
FX The authors wish to thank Omar Aboutalib and Bea Thai for their
encouragement and inputs during this effort. This research was partially
funded through AFRL Contract No. FA8651-06-C-0348.
NR 13
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE-SOC PHOTOPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA
SN 0091-3286
J9 OPT ENG
JI Opt. Eng.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 47
IS 11
AR 113603
DI 10.1117/1.3027482
PG 8
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 377RH
UT WOS:000261267800006
ER
PT J
AU Liu, L
Van Campenhout, J
Roelkens, G
Soref, RA
Van Thourhout, D
Rojo-Romeo, P
Regreny, P
Seassal, C
Fedeli, JM
Baets, R
AF Liu, Liu
Van Campenhout, Joris
Roelkens, Gunther
Soref, Richard A.
Van Thourhout, Dries
Rojo-Romeo, Pedro
Regreny, Philippe
Seassal, Christian
Fedeli, Jean-Marc
Baets, Roel
TI Carrier-injection-based electro-optic modulator on silicon-on-insulator
with a heterogeneously integrated III-V microdisk cavity
SO OPTICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID COMPACT
AB A compact electro-optic modulator on silicon-on-insulator is presented. The structure consists of a III-V microdisk cavity heterogeneously integrated on a silicon-on-insulator wire waveguide. By modulating the loss of the active layer included in the cavity through carrier injection, the power of the transmitted light at the resonant wavelength is modulated; similar to 10 dB extinction ratio and 2.73 Gbps dynamic operation are demonstrated without using any special driving techniques. (C) 2008 Optical Society of America
C1 [Liu, Liu; Roelkens, Gunther; Van Thourhout, Dries; Baets, Roel] Univ Ghent, IMEC, Photon Res Grp, INTEC Dept, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
[Soref, Richard A.] USAF, Res Lab, Hanscom Air Force Base, Bedford, MA 01731 USA.
[Rojo-Romeo, Pedro; Regreny, Philippe; Seassal, Christian] Univ Lyon, Ecole Cent Lyon, CNRS, INL,UMR5270, F-69134 Ecully, France.
[Fedeli, Jean-Marc] CEA LETI, F-308054 Grenoble, France.
RP Liu, L (reprint author), Univ Ghent, IMEC, Photon Res Grp, INTEC Dept, St Pietersnieuwstr 41, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
EM liu.liu@intec.ugent.be
RI Liu, Liu/A-2646-2010; van thourhout, dries/B-9523-2011
OI van thourhout, dries/0000-0003-0111-431X
FU Interuniversity Attraction Poles; Fund for Scientific Research-Flanders;
European Union (EU); Wafer-Scale Integration; Wavelength Division
Multiplexed Photonic Layer on CMOS
FX L. Liu acknowledges Interuniversity Attraction Poles for a postdoctoral
grant. G. Roelkens acknowledges Fund for Scientific Research-Flanders
for a postdoctoral grant. This work is supported partially by the
European Union (EU)-funded projects Photonic Interconnect Layer on CMOS
by Wafer-Scale Integration and Wavelength Division Multiplexed Photonic
Layer on CMOS.
NR 11
TC 30
Z9 30
U1 0
U2 4
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0146-9592
J9 OPT LETT
JI Opt. Lett.
PD NOV 1
PY 2008
VL 33
IS 21
BP 2518
EP 2520
DI 10.1364/OL.33.002518
PG 3
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 379CQ
UT WOS:000261373000035
PM 18978906
ER
PT J
AU Maturo, SC
Weitzel, EK
Cowhart, J
Brennan, J
AF Maturo, Stephen C.
Weitzel, Erik K.
Cowhart, Jerry
Brennan, Joseph
TI Isolated posterior table frontal sinus fractures do not form mucoceles
in a goat model
SO OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY
LA English
DT Article
ID NASOFRONTAL DUCT; MANAGEMENT; DISEASE; MUCOSA
AB OBJECTIVE: The goal Of this Study was to investigate how patency of the nasofrontal outflow tract would affect frontal sinus healing in the setting of displaced, comminuted. posterior table fractures in the adult goat (Capra hircus)
STUDY DESIGN: Prospective animal study
SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Posterior table fractures were created in 20 adult goats. The nasofrontal Outflow tract was left patent in 10 goats (Group 1) and obstructed in 10 (Group 2). Gross, radiologic. and histologic evaluation were carried out six months postoperatively.
RESULTS: One of nine subjects subjects (11%) in Group 1 developed a mucocele while eight of 10 (80%) in Group 2 developed mucoceles (P = 0.004). No subjects (100%.) in Group 1 gross, radiologic, or histologic evidence of mucosal ingrowth into the posterior table. while two of 10 (20%) in Group 2 showed evidence of mucosal ingrowth into, but not through, the posterior table. In both groups 100% of the subjects had gross and histologic evidence of intact posterior tables abutting the dura.
CONCLUSION: An occulated nasofrontal outflow tract leads to an increased mucocele formation rate at six months. In an unobstructured nasofrontal outflow tract there is no gross, radiologic, or histologic evidence of mucosal ingrowth into the posterior table at six months. These findings would suggest that not all comminuted. significantly displaced posterior table fractures need to be surgically addressed if the nasofrontal Outflow tract is patent. (C) 2008 American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Foundation. All rights reserved.
C1 [Maturo, Stephen C.; Weitzel, Erik K.; Cowhart, Jerry; Brennan, Joseph] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
RP Maturo, SC (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, 2200 Bergquist Dr,Suite 1, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
EM stephen.maturo@sbeglobal.net
OI Weitzel, Erik/0000-0001-9155-3556
NR 19
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 0
PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0194-5998
J9 OTOLARYNG HEAD NECK
JI Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 139
IS 5
BP 688
EP 694
DI 10.1016/j.otohns.2008.08.030
PG 7
WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery
SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery
GA 369UR
UT WOS:000260719900015
PM 18984265
ER
PT J
AU Matos, RI
Holcomb, JB
Callahan, C
Spinella, PC
AF Matos, Renee I.
Holcomb, John B.
Callahan, Charles
Spinella, Philip C.
TI Increased Mortality Rates of Young Children With Traumatic Injuries at a
US Army Combat Support Hospital in Baghdad, Iraq, 2004
SO PEDIATRICS
LA English
DT Article
DE pediatric; trauma; mortality; survival; combat; penetrating
ID PEDIATRIC TRAUMA; CARE; ADULT; EXPERIENCE; SEVERITY; FREEDOM; AGE;
AFGHANISTAN; CASUALTIES; SURGEONS
AB OBJECTIVE. The objective of this study was to determine whether age <= 8 y is an independent predictor of mortality in noncoalition trauma patients at a US combat support hospital.
METHODS. A retrospective chart review was conducted of 1132 noncoalition trauma patients who were admitted to a combat support hospital between December 2003 and December 2004. Data on age, severity of injury indices, and in-hospital mortality rates were analyzed. All variables that were associated with death on univariate analysis were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression to determine independent associations with mortality.
RESULTS. There were 38 young pediatric patients ( aged <= 8 years) and 1094 older pediatric and adult patients ( aged > 8 years). Penetrating trauma accounted for 83% of all injuries. Young pediatric patients compared with older pediatric and adult patients had increased severity of injury indicated by decreased Glasgow Coma Scale score; increased incidence of hypotension, base deficit, and serum pH on admission; red blood cell transfusion amount; and increased injury severity scores on admission. Young pediatric patients compared with older pediatric and adult patients also had increased ICU lengths of stay ( median 2 [interquartile range 0-5] vs median 0 [ interquartile range 0-2] days) and in-hospital mortality rate (18% vs 4%), respectively. Multivariate logistic regression indicated that base deficit, injury severity score of >= 15, Glasgow Coma Scale score of <= 8, and age of <= 8 years were independently associated with mortality.
CONCLUSIONS. Young children who present to a combat support hospital have increased severity of injury compared with older children and adults. In a population with primarily penetrating injuries, after adjustment for severity of injury, young children may also have an independent increased risk for death compared with older children and adults. Providing forward-deployed medical staff with pediatric-specific equipment and training in the acute care of young children with severe traumatic injuries may improve outcomes in this population. Pediatrics 2008; 122: e959-e966
C1 [Matos, Renee I.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
[Holcomb, John B.; Spinella, Philip C.] USA, Inst Surg Res, Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA.
[Callahan, Charles] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA.
[Spinella, Philip C.] Connecticut Childrens Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Hartford, CT USA.
RP Matos, RI (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, 2200 Bergquist Dr,Suite 1, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
EM reneedlt@gmail.com
NR 39
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS
PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE
PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA
SN 0031-4005
J9 PEDIATRICS
JI Pediatrics
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 122
IS 5
BP E959
EP E966
DI 10.1542/peds.2008-1244
PG 8
WC Pediatrics
SC Pediatrics
GA 367HG
UT WOS:000260542500049
PM 18977963
ER
PT J
AU Hsu, PS
Patnaik, AK
Welch, GR
AF Hsu, Paul S.
Patnaik, Anil K.
Welch, George R.
TI Nonlinear magneto-optic polarization rotation with intense laser fields
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID ELECTROMAGNETICALLY INDUCED TRANSPARENCY; ATOMIC MAGNETOMETERS; QUANTUM
COHERENCE; LIGHT; ENHANCEMENT; REFRACTION; INDEX; VAPOR; GAS
AB We have studied the nonlinear Faraday effect with intense linear polarized light in an optically thick atomic rubidium vapor. We demonstrate that the polarization rotation rate (rotation angle per unit magnetic field, in the limit of low field) has a maximum value as the intensity and density are increased. We also show that the optimal sensitivity of an optical magnetometer based on this system reaches a saturation value as the intensity and density are increased.
C1 [Hsu, Paul S.; Patnaik, Anil K.; Welch, George R.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
[Patnaik, Anil K.] Wright State Univ, Dept Phys, Dayton, OH 45435 USA.
RP Hsu, PS (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Prop Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM p-hsu@tamu.edu
NR 28
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 78
IS 5
AR 053817
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.78.053817
PG 6
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 376XF
UT WOS:000261215600164
ER
PT J
AU Modesti, M
Besco, S
Lorenzetti, A
Zammarano, M
Causin, V
Marega, C
Gilman, JW
Fox, DM
Trulove, PC
De Long, HC
Maupin, PH
AF Modesti, M.
Besco, S.
Lorenzetti, A.
Zammarano, M.
Causin, V.
Marega, C.
Gilman, J. W.
Fox, D. M.
Trulove, P. C.
De Long, H. C.
Maupin, P. H.
TI Imidazolium-modified clay-based ABS nanocomposites: a comparison between
melt-blending and solution-sonication processes
SO POLYMERS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES
LA English
DT Article
DE ABS; imidazolium salts; solution processing; melt-blending;
nanocomposites; Nile Blue A; fluorescence probe
ID POLYMER/LAYERED SILICATE NANOCOMPOSITES; THERMAL-DEGRADATION;
EXFOLIATION; MODEL; MONTMORILLONITE; AMMONIUM; BEHAVIOR
AB Acrylonitrile--butadiene--styrene (ABS) nanocomposites containing imidazolium-modified montmorillonite have been prepared by melt-blending (MB) and solution-sonication in order to study the effects of processing on the morphology and properties of the polymer/clay composites. The structure-property relationships of the prepared composites have been studied by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), mechanical testing, dynamic-mechanical analyses (DMA), thermal gravimetrical analyses (TGA), fluorescence probe confocal microscopy, and fluorescence spectroscopy (FS). X-Ray and TEM show that both nanocomposites have a mixed intercalated/exfoliated structure. Fluorescence probe confocal microscopy reveals that the sonicated sample has a more homogeneous dispersion: this result is confirmed by the values of elongation at break and flexural elastic modulus measured for the composites. Fluorescence spectroscopy has also been used to investigate the distribution of clay in the composites and results indicate that clay layers in ABS are preferentially located in the styrene-acrylonitrile (SAN) phase, independent of the dispersion process used. Published in 2008 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Modesti, M.; Besco, S.; Lorenzetti, A.] Univ Padua, Dept Chem Proc Engn, I-35131 Padua, Italy.
[Zammarano, M.; Gilman, J. W.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Bldg & Fire Res Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Causin, V.; Marega, C.] Univ Padua, Dept Chem Sci, I-35131 Padua, Italy.
[Fox, D. M.] American Univ, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20016 USA.
[Trulove, P. C.] USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
[De Long, H. C.] USAF, Off Sci Res, Directorate Chem & Life Sci, Arlington, VA 22203 USA.
[Maupin, P. H.] US DOE, Off Sci, Off Basic Energy Sci, Washington, DC 20585 USA.
RP Modesti, M (reprint author), Univ Padua, Dept Chem Proc Engn, I-35131 Padua, Italy.
EM michele.modesti@unipd.it
OI causin, valerio/0000-0002-2581-8445
NR 21
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 13
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1042-7147
EI 1099-1581
J9 POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL
JI Polym. Adv. Technol.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 19
IS 11
BP 1576
EP 1583
DI 10.1002/pat.1172
PG 8
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 375VM
UT WOS:000261141900018
ER
PT J
AU Sweetser, KD
Brown, CW
AF Sweetser, Kaye D.
Brown, Charles W.
TI Information subsidies and agenda-building during the Israel-Lebanon
crisis
SO PUBLIC RELATIONS REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
DE Public affairs; Agenda building; Information subsidy
ID PUBLIC-RELATIONS CAMPAIGN; NEWS; US
AB This study examined the impact of information subsidies on media coverage during a crisis. Using the July 2006 Israel-Lebanon conflict as a backdrop, this research reviewed access that U.S. military public affairs officers provided the media and analyzed subsequent coverage for the presence of the military's message. Coverage was more neutral to positive than negative. Items containing organizational messages were more positive; those quoting practitioner facilitated sources introduced organizational messages into coverage and generated more positive coverage. Access to information Subsidies had a positive impact on coverage and aided in the successful transfer of attribute salience from practitioners to the media. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved
C1 [Sweetser, Kaye D.] Univ Georgia, Grady Coll, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Brown, Charles W.] USN, USAF, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
RP Sweetser, KD (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Grady Coll, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
EM sweetser@uga.edu; charles.brown2@navy.mil
NR 23
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 2
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0363-8111
J9 PUBLIC RELAT REV
JI Public Relat. Rev.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 34
IS 4
BP 359
EP 366
DI 10.1016/j.pubrev.2008.06.008
PG 8
WC Business; Communication
SC Business & Economics; Communication
GA 377BG
UT WOS:000261226100007
ER
PT J
AU Berg, JS
Higgins, J
AF Berg, J. S.
Higgins, J.
TI VARTM Infusion: Processing Large Carbon/Epoxy Space Structures Out of
the Autoclave
SO SAMPE JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
AB Vacuum-Assisted Resin Transfer Molding (VARTM) is a common closed mold manufacturing process applicable to the marine materials generally consist of glass reinforcements with a matrix of either a polyester or and vinyl ester resin system. The use of carbon and epoxy material systems in the VARTM process is relatively, new due to inherent processing difficulties as well as the prohibitive higher raw material costs. This article describes the material selection, process development, and fabrication of a VARTM process carbon-reinforced/epoxy, full scale space payload vehicle test article. The work is funded by the Air Force Research Laboratories, Space Vehicles Directorate as a technology demonstration project for large "out-of-autoclave" processing methods using more rapid manufacturing techniques.
C1 [Berg, J. S.] ATK Aerosp Struct, Clearfield, UT USA.
[Higgins, J.] USAF, Res Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM USA.
RP Berg, JS (reprint author), ATK Aerosp Struct, Clearfield, UT USA.
EM Jerome_Berg@atk.com
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 5
PU SAMPE PUBLISHERS
PI COVINA
PA 1161 PARKVIEW DRIVE, COVINA, CA 91722 USA
SN 0091-1062
J9 SAMPE J
JI Sampe J.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2008
VL 44
IS 6
BP 40
EP 47
PG 8
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA 367ZV
UT WOS:000260592000005
ER
PT J
AU Howard, TA
Tappin, SJ
AF Howard, Timothy A.
Tappin, S. James
TI Three-Dimensional Reconstruction of Two Solar Coronal Mass Ejections
Using the STEREO Spacecraft
SO SOLAR PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Corona; Coronal mass ejection; Three-dimensional geometry
ID INTERPLANETARY; PROPAGATION; MISSION; EARTH; SUN
AB Previous attempts to produce three-dimensional (3-D) reconstructions of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) have required either modeling efforts or comparisons with secondary associated eruptions near the solar surface. This is because coronagraphs are only able to produce sky-plane-projected images of CMEs and it has hence been impossible to overcome projection effects by using coronagraphs alone. The SECCHI suite aboard the twin STEREO spacecraft allows us to provide the means for 3-D reconstruction of CMEs directly from coronagraph measurements alone for the first time. We present these measurements from two CMEs observed in November 2007. By identifying common features observed simultaneously with the LASCO coronagraphs aboard SOHO and the COR coronagraphs aboard STEREO we have triangulated the source region of both CMEs. We present the geometrical analysis required for this triangulation and identify the location of the CME in solar-meridional, ecliptic, and Carrington coordinates. None of the two events were associated with an easily detectable solar surface eruption, so this triangulation technique is the only means by which the source location of these CMEs could be identified. We present evidence that both CMEs originated from the same magnetic structure on the Sun, but from a different magnetic field configuration. Our results reveal some insight into the evolution of the high corona magnetic field, including its behavior over time scales of a few days and its reconfiguration after a major eruption.
C1 [Howard, Timothy A.; Tappin, S. James] USAF, Res Lab, Natl Solar Observ, Sunspot, NM 88349 USA.
RP Howard, TA (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Natl Solar Observ, Sunspot, NM 88349 USA.
EM thoward@nso.edu; jtappin@nso.edu
FU AFOSR [F49620-02C-0015]; USAF
FX This work is supported in part by the National Research Council
Fellowship Program, funded by AFOSR Contract No. F49620-02C-0015. The
National Solar Observatory is operated by AURA, Inc., under cooperative
agreement with the National Science Foundation. Partial support for NSO
is provided by the USAF under a Memorandum of Agreement.
NR 24
TC 35
Z9 36
U1 0
U2 3
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0038-0938
J9 SOL PHYS
JI Sol. Phys.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 252
IS 2
BP 373
EP 383
DI 10.1007/s11207-008-9262-0
PG 11
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 367BD
UT WOS:000260526600010
ER
PT J
AU Lucarelli, A
Afrey, A
Yang, R
Lupke, G
Haugan, TJ
Levin, GA
Barnes, PN
AF Lucarelli, A.
Afrey, A.
Yang, R.
Lupke, G.
Haugan, T. J.
Levin, G. A.
Barnes, P. N.
TI Dynamic investigation of the transport current in YBa(2)Cu(3)O(7-delta)
thin films
SO SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID SUPERCONDUCTOR STRIP; AC; DRIVEN
AB The current density evolution in YBa(2)Cu(3)O(7-delta) thin films is studied by time- resolved magneto-optical imaging as a function of the phase of an ac current applied simultaneously with a perpendicular dc magnetic field. We present a new empirical method to separate the total current distribution into a circulating current, which screens the applied field, and the applied transport current. The latter shows an asymmetric profile with pronounced peaks at the edges of the sample and its phase-dependent self-field is contained in the flux region bound by the circulating current. Threading dislocations provide the necessary pinning sites for the observed high local values of the transport current.
C1 [Lucarelli, A.; Afrey, A.; Yang, R.] Coll William & Mary, Dept Appl Sci, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA.
[Haugan, T. J.; Levin, G. A.; Barnes, P. N.] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Lucarelli, A (reprint author), Coll William & Mary, Dept Appl Sci, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA.
RI Lucarelli, Andrea/A-5411-2010
FU DOE [DEFG02-04ER46127]
FX The work at CWM is supported by the DOE grant DEFG02-04ER46127.
NR 18
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 1
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0953-2048
J9 SUPERCOND SCI TECH
JI Supercond. Sci. Technol.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 21
IS 11
AR 115003
DI 10.1088/0953-2048/21/11/115003
PG 5
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 355HI
UT WOS:000259699600004
ER
PT J
AU Hamilton, MA
Alvarez, LA
Mauntler, NA
Argibay, N
Colbert, R
Burris, DL
Muratore, C
Voevodin, AA
Perry, SS
Sawyer, WG
AF Hamilton, Matthew A.
Alvarez, Luis A.
Mauntler, Nathan A.
Argibay, Nicolas
Colbert, Rachel
Burris, David L.
Muratore, Chris
Voevodin, Andrey A.
Perry, Scott S.
Sawyer, W. Gregory
TI A Possible Link Between Macroscopic Wear and Temperature Dependent
Friction Behaviors of MoS(2) Coatings
SO TRIBOLOGY LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Solid lubrication; Molybdenum disulfide; Wear; Cryotribology
ID THERMALLY ACTIVATED FRICTION; CRYOGENIC TEMPERATURES; UNCERTAINTY
ANALYSIS; PTFE COMPOSITES; FILMS; POLYTETRAFLUOROETHYLENE; MECHANISM;
NANOCOMPOSITE; TRIBOLOGY; VACUUM
AB Studies to explore the nature of friction, and in particular thermally activated friction in macroscopic tribology, have lead to a series of experiments on thin coatings of molybdenum disulfide. Coatings of predominately molybdenum disulfide were selected for these experiments; five different coatings were used: MoS(2)/Ni, MoS(2)/Ti, MoS(2)/Sb(2)O(3), MoS(2)/C/Sb(2)O(3), and MoS(2)/Au/Sb(2)O(3). The temperatures were varied over a range from -80 C to 180 C. The friction coefficients tended to increase with decreasing temperature. Activation energies were estimated to be between 2 and 10 kJ/mol from data fitting with an Arrhenius function. Subsequent room temperature wear rate measurements of these films under dry nitrogen conditions at ambient temperature demonstrated that the steady-state wear behavior of these coatings varied dramatically over a range of K = 7 x 10 to 2 x 10mmp/(Nm). It was further shown that an inverse relationship between wear rate and the sensitivity of friction coefficient with temperature exists. The highest wear-rate coatings showed nearly athermal friction behavior, while the most wear resistant coatings showed thermally activated behavior. Finally, it is hypothesized that thermally activated behavior in macroscopic tribology is reserved for systems with stable interfaces and ultra-low wear, and athermal behavior is characteristic to systems experiencing gross wear.
C1 [Hamilton, Matthew A.; Alvarez, Luis A.; Mauntler, Nathan A.; Argibay, Nicolas; Colbert, Rachel; Burris, David L.; Sawyer, W. Gregory] Univ Florida, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Perry, Scott S.; Sawyer, W. Gregory] Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Muratore, Chris; Voevodin, Andrey A.] Mat Directorate, Wright Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Sawyer, WG (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
EM wgsawyer@ufl.edu
RI Voevodin, Andrey/I-6684-2013; Sawyer, Wallace/A-7983-2008
OI Sawyer, Wallace/0000-0002-4461-7227
FU AFOSR-MURI [FA9550-04-1-0367]
FX This material is supported by an AFOSR-MURI grant FA9550-04-1-0367. Any
opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this
material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the
views of the Air Force Office of Scientific Research. The authors would
also like to thank Profs. Tony Schmitz and John Ziegert for their help
in designing the reciprocating tribometer used in this study.
NR 29
TC 26
Z9 27
U1 1
U2 17
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1023-8883
J9 TRIBOL LETT
JI Tribol. Lett.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 32
IS 2
BP 91
EP 98
DI 10.1007/s11249-008-9366-6
PG 8
WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA 369MY
UT WOS:000260699800004
ER
PT J
AU Krupka, O
El-Ghayoury, A
Rau, I
Sahraoui, B
Grote, JG
Kajzar, F
AF Krupka, Oksana
El-ghayoury, Abdekrim
Rau, Ileana
Sahraoui, Bouchta
Grote, James G.
Kajzar, Francois
TI NLO properties of functionalized DNA thin films
SO THIN SOLID FILMS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 10th European Conference on Organised Films (ECOF-10)
CY AUG 21-24, 2006
CL Riga, LATVIA
DE Deoyribonucleic acid; DNA; DNA-surfactant complex; Intercalation; NLO
properties; Third harmonic generation; Functionalized DNA
ID 3RD-HARMONIC GENERATION; OPTICAL SUSCEPTIBILITY; BIOPOLYMER
AB In this paper we investigate the third-order nonlinear optical properties of spin deposited thin films of DNA-based complexes using the optical third harmonic generation (THG) technique at a fundamental wavelength of 1064 nm. We found that the third-order susceptibility, X-(3)(-3 omega;omega,omega,omega), of DNA-based films was about one order of magnitude larger than that of our reference, a pure silica slab. in thin films doped with 5% of the chromophore disperse red 1 (DR1), a two order of magnitude larger value of X-(3)(- 3 omega;omega,omega,omega) was observed. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Krupka, Oksana; Rau, Ileana; Sahraoui, Bouchta; Kajzar, Francois] Univ Angers, CNRS, Lab POMA, UMR 6136, F-49045 Angers, France.
[El-ghayoury, Abdekrim] Univ Angers, CNRS, UFR Sci, Lab CIMMA,UMR 6200, F-49045 Angers, France.
[Grote, James G.] USAF, Res Lab Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Krupka, O (reprint author), Univ Angers, CNRS, Lab POMA, UMR 6136, 2 Bd Lavoisier, F-49045 Angers, France.
EM okrupka@mail.ru
RI RAU, ILEANA/A-8981-2008
OI RAU, ILEANA/0000-0002-0780-9502
NR 16
TC 40
Z9 40
U1 1
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0040-6090
J9 THIN SOLID FILMS
JI Thin Solid Films
PD OCT 31
PY 2008
VL 516
IS 24
BP 8932
EP 8936
DI 10.1016/j.tsf.2007.11.089
PG 5
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings &
Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA 373BE
UT WOS:000260945200021
ER
PT J
AU Carlson, C
Hussain, SM
Schrand, AM
Braydich-Stolle, LK
Hess, KL
Jones, RL
Schlager, JJ
AF Carlson, C.
Hussain, S. M.
Schrand, A. M.
Braydich-Stolle, L. K.
Hess, K. L.
Jones, R. L.
Schlager, J. J.
TI Unique Cellular Interaction of Silver Nanoparticles: Size-Dependent
Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B
LA English
DT Article
ID OXIDATIVE STRESS; ANTIBACTERIAL PROPERTIES; CARBON NANOTUBES;
NANOMATERIALS; CYTOTOXICITY; CELLS; TOXICITY; ASSAY; RATS
AB The rapid advancement of nanotechnology has created a vast array of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) which have unique physical (size, shape, crystallinity, surface charge) and chemical (surface coating, elemental composition and solubility) attributes. These physicochemical properties of ENMs can produce chemical conditions to induce a pro-oxidant environment in the cells, causing an imbalanced cellular energy system dependent on redox potential and thereby leading to adverse biological consequences, ranging from the initiation of inflammatory pathways through to cell death. The present study was designed to evaluate size-dependent cellular interactions of known biologically active silver nanoparticles (NPs, Ag-15nm, Ag-30nm, and A-55nm). Alveolar macrophages provide the first defense and were studied for their potential role in initiating oxidative stress. Cell exposure produced morphologically abnormal sizes and adherence characteristics with significant NP uptake at high doses after 24 h. Toxicity evaluations using mitochondrial and cell membrane viability along with reactive oxygen species (ROS) were performed. After 24 h of exposure, viability metrics significantly decreased with increasing dose (10-75 mu g/mL-) of Ag-15nm and Ag-30nm NPs. A more than 10-fold increase of ROS levels in cells exposed to 50 mu g/mL A-15nm suggests that the cytotoxicity of Ag-15nm is likely to be mediated through oxidative stress. In addition, activation of the release of traditional inflammatory mediators were examined by measuring levels of cytokines/chemokines, including tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha), macrophage inhibitory protein (MIP-2), and interleukin-6 (IL-6), released into the culture media. After 24 h of exposure to Ag-15nm nanoparticles, a significant inflammatory response was observed by the release of TNF-alpha, MIP-2, and IL- 1 beta. However, there was no detectable level of IL-6 upon exposure to silver nanoparticles. In Summary, a size-dependent toxicity was produced by silver nanoparticles, and one predominant mechanism of toxicity was found to be largely mediated through oxidative stress.
C1 [Carlson, C.; Hussain, S. M.; Schrand, A. M.; Braydich-Stolle, L. K.; Jones, R. L.; Schlager, J. J.] USAF, Res Lab, Appl Biotechnol Branch, Human Effectiveness Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Hess, K. L.] USAF, Res Lab, Sci Applicat Int Corp, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Hussain, SM (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Appl Biotechnol Branch, Human Effectiveness Directorate, 711th Human Syst Wing,AFRL RHPB,Area B,R ST,BLDG, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM saber.hussain@wpafb.af.mil
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) [2312A211]; Biosciences
and Protection Division; Air Force Research Laboratory; Oak Ridge
Institute for Science and Education (ORISE); Dayton Area Graduate
Studies Institute (DAGSI); National Research Council under the AFOSR
program
FX This work was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research
(AFOSR) Project JON 2312A211. A.M.S. was funded by the Biosciences and
Protection Division, Air Force Research Laboratory, under the Oak Ridge
Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) and the Dayton Area Graduate
Studies Institute (DAGSI). L.B.-S., a postdoctoral fellow, was supported
by National Research Council under the AFOSR program. We are also
thankful to Our Division Chief Col Riddle for his strong support and
encouragement and contributions from the Biological Interactions of
Nanomaterials (BIN) group members.
NR 36
TC 693
Z9 722
U1 43
U2 312
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1520-6106
J9 J PHYS CHEM B
JI J. Phys. Chem. B
PD OCT 30
PY 2008
VL 112
IS 43
BP 13608
EP 13619
DI 10.1021/jp712087m
PG 12
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 364TH
UT WOS:000260357700019
PM 18831567
ER
PT J
AU Heinz, H
Vaia, RA
Koerner, H
Farmer, BL
AF Heinz, Hendrik
Vaia, R. A.
Koerner, H.
Farmer, B. L.
TI Photoisomerization of Azobenzene Grafted to Layered Silicates:
Simulation and Experimental Challenges
SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID ALKYL CHAINS; INTERLAYER STRUCTURE; CATIONIC AZOBENZENE; CONTAINING
POLYMERS; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; DYNAMICS; MONTMORILLONITE; INTERCALATION;
MICA; PHOTOREGULATION
AB Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation has been employed to examine the molecular-level orientation and reorganization of model azobenzene derivatives in the interlayer space of layered silicates upon laser excitation in comparison with existing X-ray diffraction data and UV/vis absorption measurements. MID results show uniform reversible changes in basal plane spacing of montmorillonite up to 2.8 angstrom 14%) upon trans-cis isomerization of attached photoactive surfactants such as (4,4'-phenylazophenyl)diammonium ions and (4-phenylazophenyl)ammonium ions. Uniform, significant reponses are supported by the presence of cointercalate to compensate changes in interlayer density, by conformational rigidity 9 and upright orientation of the azobenzene-containing surfactants on the mineral surface, and a medium-to) to-high packing density. Experimentally, Okada et al. have shown nonuniform reversible optical switching of the gallery height for semiflexible surfactants up to 10 angstrom (41%) in the presence of phenol and uniform reversible optical switching of 0.9 angstrom (4%) without cointercalates [Okada et al. J. Mater. Chem. 2005, 15, 987-992]. Further experimental data also show the absence of changes in gallery spacing for azobenzene derivatives with attached flexible hydrocarbon chains at low packing density without cointercalates and are explained by simulation. From a methods viewpoint, an approach is introduced to simulate the photoisomerization reaction using classical molecular dynamics, taking quantitatively into account the input of photon energy, the time scale of the isomerization (similar to 1 ps), and the relative energies of the trans and of the cis isomer, as well as the thermal conversion barrier. A temporary modification of the C-N=N-C torsion potential describes the input of photon (excitation) energy, which can be applied to common force fields (including PCFF, OPLS-AA, COMPASS, CVFF. AMBER, CHARMM) and facilitates the simulation of the photoisomerization reaction as a function of molecular environment, pressure, temperature, and excitation time.
C1 [Heinz, Hendrik; Vaia, R. A.; Koerner, H.; Farmer, B. L.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Heinz, Hendrik] Univ Akron, Dept Polymer Engn, Akron, OH 44325 USA.
[Koerner, H.] Univ Technol Corp, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
RP Heinz, H (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM hendrik.heinz@uakron.edu
RI Heinz, Hendrik/E-3866-2010
OI Heinz, Hendrik/0000-0002-6776-7404
NR 46
TC 35
Z9 36
U1 3
U2 25
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0897-4756
J9 CHEM MATER
JI Chem. Mat.
PD OCT 28
PY 2008
VL 20
IS 20
BP 6444
EP 6456
DI 10.1021/cm801287d
PG 13
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 363FY
UT WOS:000260254400028
ER
PT J
AU De Jong, MJ
Moser, DK
Chung, ML
Wu, JR
AF De Jong, Marla J.
Moser, Debra K.
Chung, Misook L.
Wu, Jia-Rong
TI Nonadherence to Prescribed Medications Mediates the Link between Anxiety
and Event-Free Survival in Patients with Heart Failure
SO CIRCULATION
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 81st Annual Scientific Session of the American-Heart-Association
CY NOV 08-12, 2008
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Heart Assoc
C1 [De Jong, Marla J.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA.
[Moser, Debra K.; Chung, Misook L.; Wu, Jia-Rong] Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY USA.
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0009-7322
J9 CIRCULATION
JI Circulation
PD OCT 28
PY 2008
VL 118
IS 18
BP S769
EP S770
PG 2
WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease
SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
GA 389ON
UT WOS:000262104502553
ER
PT J
AU Wu, JR
Lennie, TA
De Jong, MJ
Rayons, MK
Chung, ML
Riegel, B
Moser, DK
AF Wu, Jia-Rong
Lennie, Terry A.
De Jong, Maria J.
Rayons, Mary Kay
Chung, Misook L.
Riegel, Barbara
Moser, Debra K.
TI Defining An Evidence-Based Cutpoint for Medication Adherence In Heart
Failure
SO CIRCULATION
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 81st Annual Scientific Session of the American-Heart-Association
CY NOV 08-12, 2008
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Heart Assoc
C1 [Wu, Jia-Rong; Lennie, Terry A.; Rayons, Mary Kay; Chung, Misook L.; Moser, Debra K.] Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY USA.
[De Jong, Maria J.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
[Riegel, Barbara] Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0009-7322
J9 CIRCULATION
JI Circulation
PD OCT 28
PY 2008
VL 118
IS 18
BP S1039
EP S1039
PG 1
WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease
SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
GA 389ON
UT WOS:000262104504133
ER
PT J
AU Wu, JR
Lennie, TA
De Jong, MJ
Chung, ML
Rayens, MK
Riegel, B
Moser, DK
AF Wu, Jia-Rong
Lennie, Terry A.
De Jong, Maria J.
Chung, Misook L.
Rayens, Mary Kay
Riegel, Barbara
Moser, Debra K.
TI Heart Failure Patients in Rural Areas have Better Event-Free Survival
than Those Living in Urban Areas
SO CIRCULATION
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 81st Annual Scientific Session of the American-Heart-Association
CY NOV 08-12, 2008
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Heart Assoc
C1 [Wu, Jia-Rong; Lennie, Terry A.; Rayens, Mary Kay; Moser, Debra K.] Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY USA.
[De Jong, Maria J.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
[Riegel, Barbara] Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 4
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0009-7322
J9 CIRCULATION
JI Circulation
PD OCT 28
PY 2008
VL 118
IS 18
BP S825
EP S825
PG 1
WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease
SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
GA 389ON
UT WOS:000262104503019
ER
PT J
AU Jeon, IY
Lee, HJ
Choi, YS
Tan, LS
Baek, JB
AF Jeon, In-Yup
Lee, Hwa-Jeong
Choi, Yeong Suk
Tan, Loon-Seng
Baek, Jong-Beom
TI Semimetallic Transport In Nanocomposites Derived from Grafting of Linear
and Hyperbranched Poly(phenylene sulfide)s onto the Surface of
Functionalized Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes
SO MACROMOLECULES
LA English
DT Article
ID IN-SITU POLYMERIZATION; ELECTRICAL-PROPERTIES; COMPOSITES; POLYMERS;
ACID; NANOFIBERS; CONDUCTIVITY; MACROMOLECULES; DENDRIMERS; FRAGMENTS
AB The semimetallic conductive nanocomposites, linear or hyperbranched poly(phenylene sulfide) (PPS) grafted multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNT), were successfully prepared by two-step reaction sequences. MWNT were first functionalized with 4-chlorobenzoic acid in poly(phosphoric acid) (PPA)/phosphorus phentoxide (P2O5) medium in a "direct" Friedel-Crafts acylation reaction to afford 4-chlorobenzoyl-functionalized MWNT (CB-MWNT). A subsequent nucleophilic substitution reaction between CB-MWNT) and 4-chlorobenzenthiol as an AB monomer or 3,5-dichlorobenzenthiol as an AB(2) monomer was conducted to graft the linear PPS (LPPS) or hyperbranched PPS (HPPS) in NMF/toluene in the presence of sodium carbonate to afford LPPS grafted MWNT (LPPS-g-MWNT) or HPPS grated MWNT (HPPS-g-MWNT), respectively. The covalent attachment of corresponding polymers onto the surface of MWNT was indirectly confirmed by a model study. The structures of polymer-grafted nanocomposites were clearly discernible from those of the samples prepared by solution-blending of LPPS and CB-MWNT. The dispersability and melt-processability of nanocomposites were enhanced by the grafting of PPS polymers. Thus, the nanocomposite specimens could be easily compression molded. Without chemical doping, the measured surface conductivities of as-prepared LPPS-g-MWNT and HPPS-g-MWNT molded samples were in the semimetallic transport region at 11.76 and 3.56 S/cm, respectively.
C1 [Jeon, In-Yup; Lee, Hwa-Jeong; Baek, Jong-Beom] Chungbuk Natl Univ, Sch Chem Engn, Cheongju 361763, Chungbuk, South Korea.
[Choi, Yeong Suk] Samsung Adv Inst Technol, Energy & Environm Lab, Suwon 449600, South Korea.
[Tan, Loon-Seng] USAF, Res Lab, Nanostruct & Biol Mat Branch, Mat & Mfg Directorate,AFRL RXBN, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
[Baek, Jong-Beom] UNIST, Ulsan 689805, South Korea.
RP Baek, JB (reprint author), Chungbuk Natl Univ, Sch Chem Engn, Cheongju 361763, Chungbuk, South Korea.
EM jbbaek@unist.ac.kr
RI Baek, Jong-Beom/E-5883-2010; Tan, Loon-Seng/F-6985-2012
OI Baek, Jong-Beom/0000-0003-4785-2326; Tan, Loon-Seng/0000-0002-2134-9290
NR 51
TC 37
Z9 40
U1 4
U2 31
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0024-9297
J9 MACROMOLECULES
JI Macromolecules
PD OCT 28
PY 2008
VL 41
IS 20
BP 7423
EP 7432
DI 10.1021/ma801259b
PG 10
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 363GM
UT WOS:000260255800027
ER
PT J
AU McGuirk, JS
Collins, PJ
AF McGuirk, Jeffrey S.
Collins, Peter J.
TI Controlling the transmitted field into a cylindrical cloak's hidden
region
SO OPTICS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
ID ELECTROMAGNETIC CLOAKS; SCATTERING
AB Constitutive parameters for simplified cylindrical cloaks have been developed such that epsilon(z)mu(theta) and epsilon(z)mu(r) match those of the ideal cylindrical cloak. Although they are not perfect, simplified cylindrical cloaks have been shown to inherit many of the power-bending properties of the ideal cloak. However, energy is transmitted into simplified cloaks' hidden regions. Here, we develop a constraint equation that can be used to determine how closely field behavior within the simplified cylindrical cloak matches that of the ideal cloak. The deviation from this controlling equation can be reduced by controlling the cloak's parameter value, mu(theta). As the deviation from our constraint equation is decreased, the field transmitted into the cloak's hidden region is reduced, resulting in less energy impinging on the cloaked object. This results in a smaller scattered field due to the presence of the cloaked object. However, the resulting impedance mismatch at r = b results in a significant scattered field by the cloak itself. Thus, we have found when using cylindrical cloaks that satisfy the ideal values of epsilon(z)mu(theta) and epsilon(z)mu(r) for scattering width reduction, it is more important to have a matched impedance at r = b than to have a smaller field transmitted into the cloak's hidden region. However, such cloaks' scattering widths can vary significantly as a function of the object in the hidden region. A cloak with a matched impedance at r = b and that satisfies specific values for epsilon(z)mu(theta) and mu'(theta) performs reasonably well in terms of scattering width reduction in certain angular regions while being independent of the object in the hidden region. (C) 2008 Optical Society of America
C1 [McGuirk, Jeffrey S.; Collins, Peter J.] USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP McGuirk, JS (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 2950 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM jeffrey.mcguirk@afit.edu
NR 18
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 2
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1094-4087
J9 OPT EXPRESS
JI Opt. Express
PD OCT 27
PY 2008
VL 16
IS 22
BP 17560
EP 17573
DI 10.1364/OE.16.017560
PG 14
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 371XL
UT WOS:000260865900042
PM 18958036
ER
PT J
AU Zhdanov, BV
Lu, YL
Shaffer, MK
Miller, W
Wright, D
Knize, RJ
AF Zhdanov, B. V.
Lu, Yalin
Shaffer, M. K.
Miller, W.
Wright, D.
Knize, R. J.
TI Frequency-doubling of a high power cesium vapor laser using a PPKTP
crystal
SO OPTICS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
ID FERROELECTRIC DOMAIN-STRUCTURES; LINBO3 OPTICAL SUPERLATTICE; LIGHT
GENERATION; BLUE-LIGHT
AB 447.3 nm blue light generation was demonstrated through direct frequency doubling a continuous-wave Cesium vapor laser's 894.6 nm output using a PPKTP nonlinear crystal. The diode-pumped Cs vapor laser has an output power as large as 10 W with a very narrow emission linewidth less than 10 GHz. The PPKTP crystal is about 30 mm long and has a moderate acceptance wavelength bandwidth. The second harmonic wave generation efficiency achieved is about 4.4%/W. Power depletion in second harmonic pulses, which relates to the absorption related thermal effects, was observed when using high pump power, long pulse duration, or high repetition rate. (C) 2008 Optical Society of America
C1 [Zhdanov, B. V.; Lu, Yalin; Shaffer, M. K.; Miller, W.; Wright, D.; Knize, R. J.] USAF Acad, Dept Phys, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
RP Lu, YL (reprint author), USAF Acad, Dept Phys, 2354 Fairchild Dr,2A31, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
EM yalin.lu@usafa.edu
FU US DOD High Energy Laser Joint Technology Office (JTO); Air Force Office
of Scientific Research (AFOSR); Air Force Research Laboratories (AFRL);
National Science Foundation (NSF)
FX This work was supported by the US DOD High Energy Laser Joint Technology
Office (JTO), Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR), Air Force
Research Laboratories (AFRL), and National Science Foundation (NSF).
NR 12
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 3
U2 7
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1094-4087
J9 OPT EXPRESS
JI Opt. Express
PD OCT 27
PY 2008
VL 16
IS 22
BP 17585
EP 17590
DI 10.1364/OE.16.017585
PG 6
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 371XL
UT WOS:000260865900044
PM 18958038
ER
PT J
AU Miller, R
Kendall, B
AF Miller, Rosalyn
Kendall, Brian
TI Changes in Cytology Lahoratory Statistics Following Conversion to
ThinPrep Pap Tests with Imaging
SO CANCER CYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Miller, Rosalyn; Kendall, Brian] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 0008-543X
J9 CANCER CYTOPATHOL
JI Cancer Cytopathol.
PD OCT 25
PY 2008
VL 114
IS 5
SU S
BP 378
EP 380
PG 3
WC Oncology; Pathology
SC Oncology; Pathology
GA 361PY
UT WOS:000260140800058
ER
PT J
AU Salem, AA
Glavicic, MG
Semiatin, SL
AF Salem, A. A.
Glavicic, M. G.
Semiatin, S. L.
TI A coupled EBSD/EDS method to determine the primary- and secondary-alpha
textures in titanium alloys with duplex microstructures
SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES
MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
LA English
DT Article
DE Titanium; Texture; EBSD; Microstructure; EDS
ID HEAT-TREATMENT; HOT-WORKING; TI-6AL-4V; MICROTEXTURES; DEFORMATION;
ANALYZE; GRAINS
AB A method for separating the textures of primary alpha (alpha(p)) and secondary alpha (alpha(s)) in alpha/betatitanium alloys with a duplex microstructure was developed. Utilizing electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), the approach relies on the non-uniform partitioning of alloying elements between primary alpha and regions containing secondary-alpha lamellae and residual beta matrix phase. The method was evaluated using samples of Ti-6Al-4V for which vanadium Partitions strongly to secondary alpha + beta regions. The technique thus provides a useful tool for quantifying the evolution of deformation texture in the primary alpha and transformation texture in secondary alpha formed via decomposition of the beta matrix following hot working or final heat treatment. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Salem, A. A.] Universal Technol Corp, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
[Semiatin, S. L.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, AFRL MLLM, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Glavicic, M. G.] UES Inc, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
RP Salem, AA (reprint author), Universal Technol Corp, 1270 N Fairfield Rd, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
EM ayman.salem@wpafb.af.mil
RI SEMIATIN, SHELDON/E-7264-2017;
OI Salem, Ayman/0000-0003-0907-1502
FU Laboratory management; Air Force Office of Scientific Research; Air
Force [F33615-03-D-5801, FA8650-04-D-5235]
FX This work was conducted as part of the in-house research activities of
the Metals Processing Group of the Air Force Research Laboratory's
Materials and Manufacturing Directorate. The support and encouragement
of the Laboratory management and the Air Force Office of Scientific
Research (Dr. B.P. Conner, program manager) are gratefully acknowledged.
The assistance of R. Wheeler in conducting the experimental work is much
appreciated. Two of the authors were supported through Air Force
Contracts F33615-03-D-5801 (AAS) and FA8650-04-D-5235 (MGG).
NR 16
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 1
U2 24
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0921-5093
J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT
JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process.
PD OCT 25
PY 2008
VL 494
IS 1-2
SI SI
BP 350
EP 359
DI 10.1016/j.msea.2008.06.022
PG 10
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy &
Metallurgical Engineering
GA 359JU
UT WOS:000259983700049
ER
PT J
AU Basnyat, R
Luster, B
Muratore, C
Voevodin, AA
Haasch, R
Zakeri, R
Kohli, P
Aouadi, SM
AF Basnyat, R.
Luster, B.
Muratore, C.
Voevodin, A. A.
Haasch, R.
Zakeri, R.
Kohli, P.
Aouadi, S. M.
TI Surface texturing for adaptive solid lubrication
SO SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Texturing; Friction; Solid lubricants
ID TRIBOLOGICAL BEHAVIOR; NANOCOMPOSITE COATINGS; SLIDING CONTACT;
PERFORMANCE; COMPOSITE; FRICTION; STEEL; FILMS; MICROSTRUCTURE; GROWTH
AB The production of surface micro-patterns in steel substrates for solid lubricant (SL) reservoirs was previously shown to provide improved wear and frictional properties in sliding contact. We report on the fabrication of micrometer-sized dimple patterns of different sizes on TiAlCN hard coatings produced by cathodic arc vacuum evaporation. These dimples were produced by reactive ion etching in a mixed Ar/CF4 plasma. An overlayer Of MoS2 or Mo/MoS2/Ag SLs was deposited on the micro-textured surfaces using unbalanced magnetron sputtering. The tribological properties of the coatings were investigated against Si3N4 in dry sliding at 25 degrees C and in air at 570 degrees C. The coatings and respective wear tracks were examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), optical microscopy (OM), optical profilometry (OP), energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and micro-Raman spectroscopy. The frictional and wear properties of textured and flat surfaces were compared. A significant decrease in friction and wear coefficients was achieved at 25 degrees C and 570 degrees C for the textured films because the dimples acted as reservoirs that provided a new supply of SLs to the contact surfaces. The chemistry and phase analysis of the coating wear tracks showed temperature adaptive behavior with the lubrication being provided primarily by MoS2 at 25 degrees C and by silver and silver molybdate compounds at high temperature. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Basnyat, R.; Luster, B.; Aouadi, S. M.] So Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA.
[Muratore, C.; Voevodin, A. A.] USAF, Res Lab, MLBT, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Haasch, R.] Univ Illinois, Ctr Microanal Mat, Frederick Seitz Mat Res Lab, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Zakeri, R.; Kohli, P.] So Illinois Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA.
RP Aouadi, SM (reprint author), So Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA.
EM saouadi@physics.siu.edu
RI Voevodin, Andrey/I-6684-2013
FU National Science Foundation [CMMI-0653986]; National Institute of Health
[GM 8071101A1]; Air Force Summer Faculty Fellowship Program; US
Department of Energy [DE-FG02-07ER46453, DE-FG02-07ER46471]
FX This research is supported by the National Science Foundation (award #
CMMI-0653986), the National Institute of Health (GM 8071101A1), and by
an award from the Air Force Summer Faculty Fellowship Program. The
authors would like to thank Professor I. Petrov for AES measurements
carried out at the Center for Microanalysis of Materials, University of
Illinois, which is partially supported by the US Department of Energy
Grants No. DE-FG02-07ER46453 and DE-FG02-07ER46471. The authors also
wish to thank Clay Watts of Southern Illinois University for his
technical assistance.
NR 32
TC 53
Z9 61
U1 6
U2 49
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0257-8972
J9 SURF COAT TECH
JI Surf. Coat. Technol.
PD OCT 25
PY 2008
VL 203
IS 1-2
BP 73
EP 79
DI 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2008.07.033
PG 7
WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA 372EJ
UT WOS:000260884500011
ER
PT J
AU Li, G
Yang, Y
AF Li, Gang
Yang, Yang
TI Radiation induced damage and recovery in poly(3-hexyl thiophene) based
polymer solar cells
SO NANOTECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID POLY(3-ALKYLTHIOPHENES); DEVICES
AB Polymer solar cells have been characterized during and after x-ray irradiation. The open circuit voltage, dark current and power conversion efficiency show degradation consistent with the generation of defect states in the polymer semiconductor. The polymer solar cell device remained functional with exposure to a considerable dose (500 krad (SiO(2))) and showed clear signs of recovery upon removal of the irradiation source (degraded from 4.1% to 2.2% and recovered to 2.9%). Mobility-relaxation time variation, derived from J-V measurement, clearly demonstrates that radiation induced defect generation mechanisms in the organic semiconductor are active and need to be further studied. Optical transmission results ruled out the possibility of reduced light absorption and/or polymer crystallinity. The results suggest that organic solar cells are sufficiently radiation tolerant to be useful for space applications.
C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
USAF, RAB Devine & Clay Mayberry, Res Lab, Space Elect Branch AFRL RVSE, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA.
RP Li, G (reprint author), Solarmer Energy Inc, El Monte, CA 91731 USA.
EM gangl@ucla.edu; yangy@ucla.edu
RI Yang, Yang/A-2944-2011; Li, Gang/A-5667-2012
OI Li, Gang/0000-0001-8399-7771
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-07-1-0264]
FX The authors appreciate the financial support of the Air Force Office of
Scientific Research (grant #FA9550-07-1-0264), Program Manager Dr
Charles Lee.
NR 18
TC 15
Z9 16
U1 3
U2 10
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0957-4484
J9 NANOTECHNOLOGY
JI Nanotechnology
PD OCT 22
PY 2008
VL 19
IS 42
AR 424014
DI 10.1088/0957-4484/19/42/424014
PG 4
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
Physics, Applied
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics
GA 352GE
UT WOS:000259483000015
PM 21832674
ER
PT J
AU Maynard, NC
Farrugia, CJ
Ober, DM
Burke, WJ
Dunlop, M
Mozer, FS
Reme, H
Decreau, P
Siebert, KD
AF Maynard, N. C.
Farrugia, C. J.
Ober, D. M.
Burke, W. J.
Dunlop, M.
Mozer, F. S.
Reme, H.
Decreau, P.
Siebert, K. D.
TI Cluster observations of fast shocks in the magnetosheath launched as a
tangential discontinuity with a pressure increase crossed the bow shock
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID SOLAR-WIND; ELECTRIC-FIELD; MAGNETOPAUSE; PLASMA; SPACECRAFT; FLOW;
MAGNETOSPHERE; INSTRUMENT; SYSTEM; WAVES
AB The interaction of a tangential discontinuity (TD) and accompanying dynamic pressure increase with the Earth's bow shock launches a fast shock that travels ahead of the TD in the magnetosheath and carries a significant portion of the pressure change. In this event study, we use observations from the Cluster spacecraft and magnetohydrodynamic simulations to identify the fast shock and its properties and to track the TD in the magnetosheath. Velocities of the fast shock and the TD were determined by triangulation using the four distant Cluster spacecraft. The fast shock is a planar structure, traveling nearly perpendicular to B at the magnetosonic speed in the plasma rest frame. Changes in density and vertical bar B vertical bar are correlated, with about a 20% increase in each. A current was observed tangential to the plane of the fast shock, and the positive E.J there provided an electromagnetic energy source for the observed heating of the ions. The fast shock is generated by the pressure change and determines the timing of the initial response of the magnetopause to that change. The TD was moving nearly in the -X-GSE direction and was being compressed as it moved inward. The passage of the TD ushered in large- scale compressive structure in the magnetosheath magnetic field, which satisfied the mirror mode instability criterion. Velocities of a fast rarefaction wave, reflected from the magnetopause, and an additional slow- mode structure, which was not a product of the initial interaction with the bow shock, were determined by triangulation.
C1 [Maynard, N. C.; Farrugia, C. J.] Univ New Hampshire, Ctr Space Sci, Durham, NH 03842 USA.
[Ober, D. M.; Burke, W. J.] USAF, Res Lab, RVBXP, Hanscom AFB, MA 01713 USA.
[Dunlop, M.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England.
[Mozer, F. S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Reme, H.] CNRS, CESR, F-31028 Toulouse, France.
[Siebert, K. D.] Sparta Syst Inc, Nashua, NH 03062 USA.
[Decreau, P.] Lab Phys & Chim Environm, F-45071 Orleans, France.
RP Maynard, NC (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Ctr Space Sci, Durham, NH 03842 USA.
RI dunlop, malcolm/F-1347-2010
NR 39
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9380
EI 2169-9402
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD OCT 21
PY 2008
VL 113
IS A10
AR A10212
DI 10.1029/2008JA013121
PG 21
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 365FD
UT WOS:000260390400001
ER
PT J
AU Sloan, GC
Kraemer, KE
Wood, PR
Zijlstra, AA
Bernard-Salas, J
Devost, D
Houck, JR
AF Sloan, G. C.
Kraemer, K. E.
Wood, P. R.
Zijlstra, A. A.
Bernard-Salas, J.
Devost, D.
Houck, J. R.
TI THE MAGELLANIC ZOO: MID-INFRARED SPITZER SPECTROSCOPY OF EVOLVED STARS
AND CIRCUMSTELLAR DUST IN THE MAGELLANIC CLOUDS
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Review
DE circumstellar matter; infrared: stars
ID ASYMPTOTIC GIANT BRANCH; MASS-LOSS RATES; POLYCYCLIC
AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; INTERSTELLAR SILICATE MINERALOGY; INFRARED
SPECTRAL CLASSIFICATION; GRAVITATIONAL LENSING EXPERIMENT; 2-DIMENSIONAL
RADIATIVE-TRANSFER; SHORT-WAVELENGTH SPECTROMETER; LONG-PERIOD
VARIABLES; ISO-SWS SPECTRA
AB We observed a sample of evolved stars in the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds (LMC and SMC) with the Infrared Spectrograph on the Spitzer Space Telescope. Comparing samples from the SMC, LMC, and the Galaxy reveals that the dust production rate depends on metallicity for oxygen-rich stars, but carbon stars with similar pulsation properties produce similar quantities of dust, regardless of their initial metallicity. Other properties of the oxygen-rich stars also depend on metallicity. As the metallicity decreases, the fraction of naked (i.e., dust-free) stars increases, and among the naked stars, the strength of the 8 mu m absorption band from SiO decreases. Our sample includes several massive stars in the LMC with long pulsation periods that produce significant amounts of dust, probably because they are young and relatively metal-rich. Little alumina dust is seen in circumstellar shells in the SMC and LMC, unlike in Galactic samples. Three oxygen-rich sources also show emission from magnesium-rich crystalline silicates. Many also show an emission feature at 14 mu m. The one S star in our sample shows a newly detected emission feature centered at 13.5 mu m. At lower metallicity, carbon stars with similar amounts of amorphous carbon in their shells have stronger absorption from molecular acetylene (C2H2) and weaker emission from SiC and MgS dust, as discovered in previous studies.
C1 [Sloan, G. C.; Bernard-Salas, J.; Devost, D.; Houck, J. R.] Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Kraemer, K. E.] USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
[Wood, P. R.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Weston, ACT 2611, Australia.
[Zijlstra, A. A.] Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Manchester M60 1QD, Lancs, England.
[Devost, D.] Canada France Hawaii Telescope Corp, Kamuela, HI 96743 USA.
RP Sloan, GC (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
EM sloan@isc.astro.cornell.edu; wood@mso.anu.edu.au;
albert.zijlstra@manchester.ac.uk; jbs@isc.astro.cornell.edu;
devost@cfht.hawaii.edu; jrh13@cornell.edu
OI Kraemer, Kathleen/0000-0002-2626-7155
NR 114
TC 71
Z9 72
U1 0
U2 1
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD OCT 20
PY 2008
VL 686
IS 2
BP 1056
EP 1081
DI 10.1086/591437
PG 26
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 364YB
UT WOS:000260370500023
ER
PT J
AU Jordanova, VK
Albert, J
Miyoshi, Y
AF Jordanova, V. K.
Albert, J.
Miyoshi, Y.
TI Relativistic electron precipitation by EMIC waves from self-consistent
global simulations
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID LINEAR DIFFUSION-COEFFICIENTS; PITCH-ANGLE DIFFUSION; ION-CYCLOTRON
WAVES; RADIATION BELT PARTICLES; RING CURRENT IONS; GEOMAGNETIC STORMS;
MAGNETIC STORM; INNER MAGNETOSPHERE; THERMAL PLASMA; MODEL
AB We study the effect of electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) wave scattering on radiation belt electrons during the large geomagnetic storm of 21 October 2001 with minimum Dst = -187 nT. We use our global physics-based model, which solves the kinetic equation for relativistic electrons and H+, O+, and He+ ions as a function of radial distance in the equatorial plane, magnetic local time, energy, and pitch angle. The model includes time-dependent convective transport and radial diffusion and all major loss processes and is coupled with a dynamic plasmasphere model. We calculate the excitation of EMIC waves self-consistently with the evolving plasma populations. Particle interactions with these waves are evaluated according to quasi-linear theory, using diffusion coefficients for a multicomponent plasma and including not only field-aligned but also oblique EMIC wave propagation. The pitch angle diffusion coefficients increase from 0 degrees to similar to 60 degrees during specific storm conditions. Pitch angle scattering by EMIC waves causes significant loss of radiation belt electrons at E >= 1 MeV and precipitation into the atmosphere. However, the relativistic electron flux dropout during the main phase at large L >= 5 is due mostly to outward radial diffusion, driven by the flux decrease at geosynchronous orbit. We show first results from global simulations indicating significant relativistic electron precipitation within regions of enhanced EMIC instability, whose location varies with time but is predominantly in the afternoon-dusk sector. The precipitating electron fluxes are usually collocated with precipitating ion fluxes but occur at variable energy range and magnitude. The minimum resonant energy increases at low L and relativistic electrons at E <= 1 MeV do not precipitate at L < 3 during this storm.
C1 [Jordanova, V. K.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Albert, J.] USAF, Res Lab, Bedford, MA 01731 USA.
[Miyoshi, Y.] Nagoya Univ, Solarterr Environm Lab, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan.
RP Jordanova, VK (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, ISR 1 MS D466, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM vania@lanl.gov
RI Miyoshi, Yoshizumi/B-5834-2015;
OI Miyoshi, Yoshizumi/0000-0001-7998-1240; Albert, Jay/0000-0001-9494-7630;
Jordanova, Vania/0000-0003-0475-8743
FU Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and Culture, Japan [17740326]
FX Work at Los Alamos was conducted under the auspices of the U. S.
Department of Energy, with partial support from the NASA LWS and GI
programs, from the NSF/GEM program, and from a LANL Directed Research
and Development grant. Y.M. was supported by grant-in-aid for scientific
research (17740326) from the Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and
Culture, Japan.
NR 56
TC 103
Z9 103
U1 2
U2 7
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9380
EI 2169-9402
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD OCT 18
PY 2008
VL 113
AR A00A10
DI 10.1029/2008JA013239
PG 11
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 362EF
UT WOS:000260180300001
ER
PT J
AU Park, K
Vaia, RA
AF Park, Kyoungweon
Vaia, Richard A.
TI Synthesis of Complex Au/Ag Nanorods by Controlled Overgrowth
SO ADVANCED MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID SEED-MEDIATED GROWTH; GOLD NANORODS; SILVER NANORODS; ASPECT-RATIO;
NANOPARTICLES; SHAPE; SIZE; NANOCRYSTALS; HETERODIMERS; ABSORPTION
AB Hybrid Au/Ag nanorods (NRs) are synthesized by initiating secondary growth on premade Au NRs stabilized with tightly binding binary surfactants. By utilizing long, thin All NRs and carefully manipulating the reduction conditions, Au/Ag hybrid nanostructures are achieved either in the form of Ag-capped tips or as a uniform overgrowth of Ag.
C1 [Park, Kyoungweon; Vaia, Richard A.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Vaia, RA (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM richard.vaia@wpafb.af.mil
RI park, kyoungweon/G-2898-2013
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research and Air Force Research
Laboratory Materials & Manufacturing Directorate
FX The authors are grateful to the Air Force Office of Scientific Research
and Air Force Research Laboratory Materials & Manufacturing Directorate
for financial support and to Professor Liming Dai (University of Dayton)
for help with experiments. Supporting Information is available online
from Wiley InterScience or from the authors.
NR 31
TC 53
Z9 54
U1 5
U2 50
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 0935-9648
J9 ADV MATER
JI Adv. Mater.
PD OCT 17
PY 2008
VL 20
IS 20
BP 3882
EP +
DI 10.1002/adma.200800613
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA 369QM
UT WOS:000260709000015
ER
PT J
AU Midey, AJ
Miller, TM
Viggiano, AA
AF Midey, Anthony J.
Miller, Thomas M.
Viggiano, A. A.
TI Kinetics of Ion-Molecule Reactions with 2-Chloroethyl Ethyl Sulfide at
298 K: A Search for CIMS Schemes for Mustard Gas
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A
LA English
DT Article
ID FLIGHT MASS-SPECTROMETRY; FLOW TUBE; TRAJECTORY CALCULATIONS; IONIZATION
ENERGIES; RATE CONSTANTS; ATMOSPHERE; H3O+; NO+; PHOTOIONIZATION;
PHOTOELECTRON
AB The rate constants and product ion branching ratios have been measured in a selected ion flow tube (SIFT) at 298 K for a variety of positive and negative ions reacting with 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (2-CEES), a surrogate for mustard gas (HD). This series of experiments is designed to elucidate ion-molecule reactions that have large rate constants and produce unique product ions to guide the development of chemical ionization mass spectrometry (CIMS) detection methods for the chemical weapon agent using the surrogate instead. The negative ions typically used in CIMS instruments are essentially unreactive with 2-CEES, that is, SF6-, SF4-, CF3O-, and CO3-. A few negative ions such as NO2- and NO3- undergo three-body association to give a unique product ion, but the bimolecular rate constants are small in the SIFT. Positive ions typically react at the collisional limit, primarily by charge and proton transfer, some of which is dissociative. For ions with high proton binding energies, association with 2-CEES has also been observed. Many of these reactions produced ions with the 2-CEES intact, including the parent cation, the protonated cation, and clusters. G3(MP2) calculations of the thermochemical properties for 2-CEES and mustard have been performed, along with calculations of the structures for the observed product cations. Reacting a series of protonated neutral molecules with 2-CEES brackets the proton affinity (PA) to between 812 ((CH3)(2)CO) and 854 (NH3) kJ mol(-1). G3(MP2) calculations give a PA for 2-CEES of 823 kJ mol(-1) and a PA for mustard of 796 kJ mol(-1), indicating that the present results for 2-CEES should be directly transferable to mustard to design a CIMS detection scheme.
C1 [Midey, Anthony J.; Miller, Thomas M.; Viggiano, A. A.] USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
RP Viggiano, AA (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, 29 Randolph Rd, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
EM AFRL.RVB.PA@hanscom.af.mil
FU Army Research Office (ARO); Boston College [FA8718-04-C-0006.]
FX We would like to thank John Williamson and Paul Mundis for their
technical support. This project is supported by the Army Research Office
(ARO) under the JSTO program in Chemical and Biological Defense
(JSTO-CBD). A.J.M. and T.M.M. are supported under Boston College
Contract No. FA8718-04-C-0006.
NR 45
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 2
U2 11
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1089-5639
J9 J PHYS CHEM A
JI J. Phys. Chem. A
PD OCT 16
PY 2008
VL 112
IS 41
BP 10250
EP 10256
DI 10.1021/jp804125j
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 358UN
UT WOS:000259943100023
PM 18808101
ER
PT J
AU Young, BA
Gill, HE
Wainner, RS
Flynn, TW
AF Young, Brian A.
Gill, Howard E.
Wainner, Robert S.
Flynn, Timothy W.
TI Thoracic costotransverse joint pain patterns: a study in normal
volunteers
SO BMC MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS
LA English
DT Article
ID CHRONIC SPINAL PAIN; VISUAL ANALOG; PREVALENCE; INJECTIONS; DISORDERS;
SCALES
AB Background: Pain referral patterns of asymptomatic costotransverse joints have not been established. The objective of this study was to determine the pain referral patterns of asymptomatic costotransverse joints via provocative intra-articular injection.
Methods: Eight asymptomatic male volunteers received a combined total of 21 intra-articular costotransverse joint injections. Fluoroscopic imaging was used to identify and isolate each costotransverse joint and guide placement of a 25 gauge, 2.5 inch spinal needle into the costotransverse joint. Following contrast medium injection, the quality, intensity, and distribution of the resultant pain produced were recorded.
Results: Of the 21 costotransverse joint injections, 16 (76%) were classified as being intra-articular via arthrograms taken at the time of injection, and 14 of these injections produced a pain sensation distinctly different from that of needle placement. Average pain produced was 3.3/10 on a 0-10 verbal pain scale. Pain was described generally as a deep, dull ache, and pressure sensation. Pain patterns were located superficial to the injected joint, with only the right T2 injections showing referred pain 2 segments cranially and caudally. No chest wall, upper extremity or pseudovisceral pains were reported.
Conclusion: This study provides preliminary data of the pain referral patterns of costotransverse joints. Further research is needed to compare these findings with those elicited from symptomatic subjects.
C1 [Young, Brian A.] Dept Phys Therapy, Sheppard AFB, TX USA.
[Gill, Howard E.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
[Wainner, Robert S.] SW Texas State Univ, Dept Phys Therapy, San Marcos, TX USA.
[Flynn, Timothy W.] Regis Univ, Sch Phys Therapy, Denver, CO USA.
RP Young, BA (reprint author), Dept Phys Therapy, Sheppard AFB, TX USA.
EM byoungpt@earthlink.net; howard.gill@lackland.af.mil; rob@texpts.com;
tflynn@regis.edu
NR 39
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 5
PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD
PI LONDON
PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND
SN 1471-2474
J9 BMC MUSCULOSKEL DIS
JI BMC Musculoskelet. Disord.
PD OCT 15
PY 2008
VL 9
AR 140
DI 10.1186/1471-2474-9-140
PG 7
WC Orthopedics; Rheumatology
SC Orthopedics; Rheumatology
GA 379HM
UT WOS:000261387300002
PM 18922181
ER
PT J
AU Trionfi, A
Scrymgeour, DA
Hsu, JWP
Arlen, MJ
Tomlin, D
Jacobs, JD
Wang, DH
Tan, LS
Vaia, RA
AF Trionfi, A.
Scrymgeour, D. A.
Hsu, J. W. P.
Arlen, M. J.
Tomlin, D.
Jacobs, J. D.
Wang, D. H.
Tan, L. -S.
Vaia, R. A.
TI Direct imaging of current paths in multiwalled carbon nanofiber polymer
nanocomposites using conducting-tip atomic force microscopy
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID IN-SITU POLYMERIZATION; NANOTUBES; PERCOLATION; COMPOSITES
AB Using conducting-tip atomic force microscopy (C-AFM), we study the spatial distribution of current paths and local electrical properties in carbon nanofiber/polymer nanocomposites. Previous studies of similar systems were hindered by a polymer-rich skin layer that exists at the nanocomposite surfaces. We present an experimental technique using oxygen plasma etching to controllably remove this polymer skin layer. After this treatment, we can directly probe the microscopic transport characteristics of the nanocomposite using C-AFM. The C-AFM results show that the electrical transport is solely carried by the carbon nanofiber (CNF) networks in the nanocomposites. In addition, high-resolution C-AFM maps show nonuniform distribution of current along the length of some CNFs, suggesting the presence of a heterogeneously distributed adsorbed polymer layer around nanofibers. Finally, two probe conductivity measurements in which one electrode (the C-AFM tip) is contacting a single constituent conducting particle were performed to study local conductivity. Results indicate that Ohmic pathways exist in the conducting network of the nanocomposite to the lowest measured nanofiber concentrations. However, non-Ohmic behavior indicating tunneling transport may also be present, especially near the percolation threshold. c 2008 American Institute of Physics. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3000458]
C1 [Trionfi, A.; Scrymgeour, D. A.; Hsu, J. W. P.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
[Arlen, M. J.; Tomlin, D.; Jacobs, J. D.; Wang, D. H.; Tan, L. -S.; Vaia, R. A.] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Trionfi, A (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
EM atrionf@sandia.gov
RI Wang, David/F-7492-2013; Scrymgeour, David/C-1981-2008
OI Wang, David/0000-0001-6710-7265;
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC0494AL85000]
FX This work was performed in part at the U. S. Department of Energy,
Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, at Los Alamos and Sandia
National Laboratories. Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram
laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed-Martin Co., for
the U. S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC0494AL85000.
NR 20
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 13
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD OCT 15
PY 2008
VL 104
IS 8
AR 083708
DI 10.1063/1.3000458
PG 6
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 367SG
UT WOS:000260572100052
ER
PT J
AU Ungar, T
Glavicic, MG
Balogh, L
Nyilas, K
Salem, AA
Ribarik, G
Semiatin, SL
AF Ungar, T.
Glavicic, M. G.
Balogh, L.
Nyilas, K.
Salem, A. A.
Ribarik, G.
Semiatin, S. L.
TI The use of X-ray diffraction to determine slip and twinning activity in
commercial-purity (CP) titanium
SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES
MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium on Mechanical Behavior of Nanostructured Materials held TMS
2007 Annual Meeting
CY FEB 26-MAR 01, 2007
CL Orlando, FL
SP TSM
DE titanium; slip activity; twinning; X-ray line profile analysis;
dislocation density
ID LINE-PROFILE ANALYSIS; ALPHA-TITANIUM; DEFORMATION; DISLOCATIONS;
TEMPERATURE; MECHANISMS; ZIRCONIUM; EVOLUTION; CONTRAST; METALS
AB High-resolution X-ray diffraction (XRD) line-profile analysis was used to characterize slip activity and twinning in commercial-purity titanium (CP-Ti) during hot rolling. The effect of {10.1} and {10.2} twins on XRD patterns was deduced using the DIFFAX software. The density of twin boundaries was then incorporated into the XRD pattern-fitting procedure for evaluating dislocation densities, slip activity, and subgrain size. It was found that < a > and < c +a > type slip occurred during hot rolling. The X-ray data revealed 0.07(+/- 0.02)% twin-boundary frequency for the {10.2} twin family, but zero twinning (within the experimental accuracy) in the {10.1} family. Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) data confirmed the X-ray findings. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Ungar, T.; Balogh, L.; Nyilas, K.; Ribarik, G.] Eotvos Lorand Univ, Dept Mat Phys, H-1518 Budapest, Hungary.
[Glavicic, M. G.; Salem, A. A.; Semiatin, S. L.] AFRL MLLM, Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Glavicic, M. G.] Universal Energy Syst Inc, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
[Salem, A. A.] Universal Technol Corp, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
RP Ungar, T (reprint author), Eotvos Lorand Univ, Dept Mat Phys, POB 32, H-1518 Budapest, Hungary.
EM ungar@ludens.elte.hu
RI Ribarik, Gabor/A-9213-2012; Balogh, Levente/S-1238-2016; SEMIATIN,
SHELDON/E-7264-2017;
OI Salem, Ayman/0000-0003-0907-1502
NR 20
TC 17
Z9 18
U1 3
U2 22
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0921-5093
J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT
JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process.
PD OCT 15
PY 2008
VL 493
IS 1-2
BP 79
EP 85
DI 10.1016/j.msea.2007.06.096
PG 7
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy &
Metallurgical Engineering
GA 357KN
UT WOS:000259844800013
ER
PT J
AU Walker, MJ
Boyles, RE
Young, BA
Strunce, JB
Garber, MB
Whitman, JM
Deyle, G
Wainner, RS
AF Walker, Michael J.
Boyles, Robert E.
Young, Brian A.
Strunce, Joseph B.
Garber, Matthew B.
Whitman, Julie M.
Deyle, Gail
Wainner, Robert S.
TI The Effectiveness of Manual Physical Therapy and Exercise for Mechanical
Neck Pain A Randomized Clinical Trial
SO SPINE
LA English
DT Article
DE mechanical neck pain; cervical pain; radicular pain; radiculitis; manual
therapy; manipulation; mobilization; exercise
ID LOW-BACK-PAIN; BETWEEN-SESSION CHANGES; SPINAL MANIPULATION;
CERVICAL-SPINE; GENERAL-PRACTITIONER; PROGNOSTIC-FACTORS; PREDICTION
RULE; CONTINUED CARE; MOBILIZATION; RELIABILITY
AB Study Design. Randomized clinical trial.
Objective. To assess the effectiveness of manual physical therapy and exercise (MTE) for mechanical neck pain with or without unilateral upper extremity (UE) symptoms, as compared to a minimal intervention (MIN) approach.
Summary of Background Data. Mounting evidence supports the use of manual therapy and exercise for mechanical neck pain, but no studies have directly assessed its effectiveness for UE symptoms.
Methods. A total of 94 patients referred to 3 physical therapy clinics with a primary complaint of mechanical neck pain, with or without unilateral UE symptoms, were randomized to receive MTE or a MIN approach of advice, motion exercise, and subtherapeutic ultrasound. Primary outcomes were the neck disability index, cervical and UE pain visual analog scales (VAS), and patient-perceived global rating of change assessed at 3-, 6-, and 52-weeks. Secondary measures included treatment success rates and post-treatment healthcare utilization.
Results. The MTE group demonstrated significantly larger reductions in short- and long-term neck disability index scores (mean 1-year difference -5.1, 95% confidence intervals (CI) -8.1 to -2.1; P = 0.001) and short-term cervical VAS scores (mean 6- week difference -14.2, 95% CI -22.7 to -5.6; P = 0.001) as compared to the MIN group. The MTE group also demonstrated significant within group reductions in short- and long-term UE VAS scores at all time periods (mean 1-year difference -16.3, 95% CI - 23.1 to -9.5; P = 0.000). At 1-year, patient perceived treatment success was reported by 62% (29 of 47) of the MTE group and 32% (15 of 47) of the MIN group (P = 0.004).
Conclusion. An impairment-based MTE program resulted in clinically and statistically significant short- and long-term improvements in pain, disability, and patient-perceived recovery in patients with mechanical neck pain when compared to a program comprising advice, a mobility exercise, and subtherapeutic ultrasound.
C1 [Walker, Michael J.] Baylor Univ, USA, Doctoral Program Phys Therapy, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA.
[Boyles, Robert E.] Univ Puget Sound, Sch Phys Therapy, Tacoma, WA 98416 USA.
[Young, Brian A.] Dept Med Therapy, Sheppard AFB, TX USA.
[Garber, Matthew B.] Blanchfield Army Community Hosp, Dept Phys Therapy, Ft Campbell, KY USA.
[Whitman, Julie M.] Regis Univ, Dept Phys Therapy, RHSHP, Denver, CO USA.
[Deyle, Gail] Baylor Univ, USA, Postprofess Doctoral Program Orthopaed Manual Phy, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA.
[Wainner, Robert S.] SW Texas State Univ, Dept Phys Therapy, San Marcos, TX 78666 USA.
RP Walker, MJ (reprint author), 418 Dickman Rd, San Antonio, TX 78234 USA.
EM mwalker21@satx.rr.com
NR 48
TC 43
Z9 43
U1 3
U2 20
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA
SN 0362-2436
EI 1528-1159
J9 SPINE
JI SPINE
PD OCT 15
PY 2008
VL 33
IS 22
BP 2371
EP 2378
DI 10.1097/BRS.0b013e318183391e
PG 8
WC Clinical Neurology; Orthopedics
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Orthopedics
GA 361FK
UT WOS:000260112700001
PM 18923311
ER
PT J
AU Volkov, A
Shumelyuk, A
Odoulov, S
Evans, DR
Cook, G
AF Volkov, Alexandr
Shumelyuk, Alexandr
Odoulov, Serguey
Evans, Dean R.
Cook, Gary
TI Anisotropic diffraction from photorefractive gratings and Pockels tensor
of Sn2P2S6
SO OPTICS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
ID CRYSTALS
AB The first observation of anisotropic diffraction and anisotropic self diffraction in low symmetry photorefractive crystal Sn2P2S6 is reported. From comparison of the diffraction efficiency of isotropic and anisotropic diffraction the ratios of the Pockels tensor components are deduced, including some nondiagonal components that have never been evaluated until now. The particular orientation of the optical indicatrix in Sn2P2S6 (roughly at 45 degrees to z- and x-axes at ambient temperature) has a paradoxical consequence: The efficiency of anisotropic diffraction depends solely on diagonal components of the Pockels tensor, while the efficiency of the isotropic diffraction is considerably affected by nondiagonal components. With already known results and data presented in this article we can state that all 10 nonvanishing Pockels tensor components of the m-symmetry class crystal like Sn2P2S6 do manifest themselves in various types of nonlinear wave mixing. (C) 2008 Optical Society of America
C1 [Volkov, Alexandr; Shumelyuk, Alexandr; Odoulov, Serguey] Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, Inst Phys, UA-03650 Kiev, Ukraine.
[Evans, Dean R.; Cook, Gary] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Cook, Gary] Universal Technol Corp, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
RP Volkov, A (reprint author), Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, Inst Phys, 46 Sci Ave, UA-03650 Kiev, Ukraine.
EM odoulov@iop.kiev.ua
FU European Office of Research and Development; Science and Technology
Center of Ukraine
FX The authors are grateful to Alexander Grabar and Ivan Stoyka for the SPS
samples used in the present experiment. The financial support of
European Office of Research and Development and Science and Technology
Center of Ukraine via grant P335 is gratefully acknowledged.
NR 20
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 1
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1094-4087
J9 OPT EXPRESS
JI Opt. Express
PD OCT 13
PY 2008
VL 16
IS 21
BP 16923
EP 16934
DI 10.1364/OE.16.016923
PG 12
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 371XB
UT WOS:000260864900067
ER
PT J
AU Stoik, CD
Bohn, MJ
Blackshire, JL
AF Stoik, Christopher D.
Bohn, Matthew J.
Blackshire, James L.
TI Nondestructive evaluation of aircraft composites using transmissive
terahertz time domain spectroscopy
SO OPTICS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
ID SCATTERING; CONDUCTIVITY; PROPAGATION; PULSES; MEDIA
AB Terahertz time domain spectroscopy (TDS) was assessed as a nondestructive evaluation technique for aircraft composites. Damage to glass fiber was studied including voids, delaminations, mechanical damage, and heat damage. Measurement of the material properties on samples with localized heat damage showed that burning did not change the refractive index or absorption coefficient noticeably; however, material blistering was detected. Voids were located by TDS transmissive imaging using amplitude and phase techniques. The depth of delaminations was measured via the timing of Fabry-Perot reflections after the main pulse. Evidence of bending stress damage and simulated hidden cracks was also detected with terahertz imaging. (C) 2008 Optical Society of America
C1 [Stoik, Christopher D.; Bohn, Matthew J.] USAF, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Blackshire, James L.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Stoik, CD (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM christopher.stoik@afit.edu
FU Air Force Research Laboratory Materials and Manufacturing Directorate,
Wright Patterson AFB, OH; Air Force Office of Scientific Research
FX The glass fiber composite samples used in this research were provided by
the Air Force Research Laboratory Materials and Manufacturing
Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH. This research effort was
partially funded by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research.
NR 25
TC 103
Z9 110
U1 1
U2 37
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1094-4087
J9 OPT EXPRESS
JI Opt. Express
PD OCT 13
PY 2008
VL 16
IS 21
BP 17039
EP 17051
DI 10.1364/OE.16.017039
PG 13
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 371XB
UT WOS:000260864900081
PM 18852814
ER
PT J
AU Khoury, J
Haji-Saeed, B
Goodhue, WD
Woods, CL
Kierstead, J
AF Khoury, Jed
Haji-Saeed, Bahareh
Goodhue, William D.
Woods, Charles L.
Kierstead, John
TI MEMS-based optical limiter
SO APPLIED OPTICS
LA English
DT Article
ID BACTERIORHODOPSIN
AB We propose the design of an optical limiter based on a microelectromechanical systems deformable mirror. The design is based on aperturing focused light reflected out of an optically driven deformable mirror, deformed in a parabolic form. We derive an expression for the reflected light intensity, and we show that the reflected light saturates as a function of back illumination light intensity. (C) 2008 Optical Society of America
C1 [Khoury, Jed; Woods, Charles L.] USAF, Res Lab, Sensors Directorate, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
[Haji-Saeed, Bahareh; Kierstead, John] Solid State Sci Corp, Hollis, NH 03049 USA.
[Goodhue, William D.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Lowell, MA 01854 USA.
RP Khoury, J (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Sensors Directorate, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
EM bahareh.haji-saeed@hanscom.af.mil
NR 14
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1559-128X
EI 2155-3165
J9 APPL OPTICS
JI Appl. Optics
PD OCT 10
PY 2008
VL 47
IS 29
BP 5468
EP 5472
DI 10.1364/AO.47.005468
PG 5
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 368AN
UT WOS:000260593800030
PM 18846190
ER
PT J
AU Qu, LT
Dai, LM
Stone, M
Xia, ZH
Wang, ZL
AF Qu, Liangti
Dai, Liming
Stone, Morley
Xia, Zhenhai
Wang, Zhong Lin
TI Carbon nanotube arrays with strong shear binding-on and easy normal
lifting-off
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID GECKO FOOT-HAIR; DRY ADHESIVES; MECHANICS; FRICTION; BIOLOGY; GROWTH;
FORCE
AB The ability of gecko lizards to adhere to a vertical solid surface comes from their remarkable feet with aligned microscopic elastic hairs. By using carbon nanotube arrays that are dominated by a straight body segment but with curly entangled top, we have created gecko-foot-mimetic dry adhesives that show macroscopic adhesive forces of similar to 100 newtons per square centimeter, almost 10 times that of a gecko foot, and a much stronger shear adhesion force than the normal adhesion force, to ensure strong binding along the shear direction and easy lifting in the normal direction. This anisotropic force distribution is due to the shear-induced alignments of the curly segments of the nanotubes. The mimetic adhesives can be alternatively binding-on and lifting-off over various substrates for simulating the walking of a living gecko.
C1 [Qu, Liangti; Dai, Liming] Univ Dayton, Dept Chem & Mat Engn, Sch Engn, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
[Stone, Morley] USAF, Res Lab, Human Effectiveness Directorate, AFRL RH, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Xia, Zhenhai] Univ Akron, Dept Mech Engn, Akron, OH 44325 USA.
[Wang, Zhong Lin] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
RP Dai, LM (reprint author), Univ Dayton, Dept Chem & Mat Engn, Sch Engn, 300 Coll Pk, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
EM ldai@udayton.edu; zlwang@gatech.edu
RI Wang, Zhong Lin/E-2176-2011
OI Wang, Zhong Lin/0000-0002-5530-0380
FU AFRL/Air Force Office of Scientific Research; NSF [CMS-0609077]
FX L.D., Z.L.W., and M.S. thank AFRL/Air Force Office of Scientific
Research for financial support. L.D. also thanks T. Yamada, S. Sangwook,
A. Roy, J. Baur, and T. Benson-Tolle for useful discussions as well as
financial support from NSF (grant CMS-0609077).
NR 27
TC 383
Z9 407
U1 33
U2 286
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
EI 1095-9203
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD OCT 10
PY 2008
VL 322
IS 5899
BP 238
EP 242
DI 10.1126/science.1159503
PG 5
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 358FK
UT WOS:000259902300042
PM 18845750
ER
PT J
AU Luedtke, WD
Landman, U
Chiu, YH
Levandier, DJ
Dressler, RA
Sok, S
Gordon, MS
AF Luedtke, W. D.
Landman, Uzi
Chiu, Y. -H.
Levandier, D. J.
Dressler, R. A.
Sok, S.
Gordon, M. S.
TI Nanojets, electrospray, and ion field evaporation: Molecular dynamics
simulations and laboratory experiments
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A
LA English
DT Review
ID INDUCED DROPLET IONIZATION; UNIVERSAL SCALING LAWS; MASS-SPECTROMETRY;
SALT-SOLUTIONS; TAYLOR CONES; VIBRATIONAL SPECTROSCOPY; MONODISPERSE
DROPLETS; AIR/WATER INTERFACE; ELECTROSTATIC SPRAY; WAVE-FUNCTIONS
AB The energetics, interfacial properties, instabilities, and fragmentation patterns of electrosprays made from formamide salt solutions are investigated in a mass spectrometric vacuum electrospray experiment and using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The electrospray source is operated in a Taylor cone-jet mode, with the nanojet that forms being characterized by high surface-normal electric field strengths in the vicinity of I V/nm. Mass-to-charge ratios were determined for both positive and negative currents sprayed from NaI-formamide solutions with solute-solvent mole ratios of 1:8.4 and 1:36.9, and from KI-formamide solutions with mole ratios of 1:41 and 1:83. The molecular dynamics simulations were conducted on isolated 10 nm NaI-formamide droplets at mole ratios of 1:8 and 1:16. The droplet was subjected to a uniform electric field with strengths ranging between 0.5 and 1.5 V/nm. Both the experiments and simulations demonstrate a mixed charge emission regime where field-induced desorption of solvated ions and charged droplets occurs. The macroscopic parameters, such as average mass-to-charge ratio and maximum surfacenormal field strengths deduced from the simulations are found to be in good agreement with the experimental work and consistent with electrohydrodynamic theory of cone-jets. The observed mass spectrometric Na+ and I- solvated ion distributions are consistent with a thermal evaporation process, and are correctly reproduced by the simulation after incorporation of the different flight times and unimolecular ion dissociation rates in the analysis. Alignment of formamide dipoles and field-induced reorganization of the positive and negative ionic charges in the interfacial region are both found to contribute to the surface-normal field near the points of charge emission. In the simulations the majority of cluster ions are found to be emitted from the tip of the jet rather than from the neck region next to the Taylor cone. This finding is consistent with the experimental energy distributions of the solvated ions which demonstrate that indeed most ions are emitted closer to the jet region, that is, beyond the cone-neck region where ohmic losses occur. This observation is also consistent with continuum electrohydrodynamic predictions of cluster-ion evaporation at surface regions of high curvature and therefore maximum surface electric field strengths, which may be the cone-neck region, the breakup region of the jet (usually near the tip of the jet), or the emitted charged droplets. In the nanoscale jets observed in this study, the regions of highest spatial curvature are at the ends of the jets where nascent drops either are forming or have just detached.
C1 [Luedtke, W. D.; Landman, Uzi] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Chiu, Y. -H.; Levandier, D. J.; Dressler, R. A.] USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
[Sok, S.; Gordon, M. S.] Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RP Landman, U (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
EM uzi.landman@physics.gatech.edu
NR 105
TC 46
Z9 46
U1 1
U2 66
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1089-5639
J9 J PHYS CHEM A
JI J. Phys. Chem. A
PD OCT 9
PY 2008
VL 112
IS 40
BP 9628
EP 9649
DI 10.1021/jp804585y
PG 22
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 356EA
UT WOS:000259760300004
PM 18828572
ER
PT J
AU Patton, ST
Slocik, JM
Campbell, A
Hu, JJ
Naik, RR
Voevodin, AA
AF Patton, Steven T.
Slocik, Joseph M.
Campbell, Angela
Hu, Jianjun
Naik, Rajesh R.
Voevodin, Andrey A.
TI Bimetallic nanoparticles for surface modification and lubrication of
MEMS switch contacts
SO NANOTECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID LIQUID-LIKE BEHAVIOR; GOLD; NANOSTRUCTURES; CATION; SIZE
AB Reliability continues to be a critical issue in microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) switches. Failure mechanisms include high contact resistance (R), high adhesion, melting/shorting, and contact erosion. Little previous work has addressed the lubrication of MEMS switches. In this study, bimetallic nanoparticles (NPs) are synthesized using a biotemplated approach and deposited on Au MEMS switch contacts as a nanoparticle-based lubricant. Bimetallic nanoparticles are comprised of a metallic core(similar to 10 nm diameter gold nanoparticle) with smaller metallic nanoparticles (similar to 2-3 nm diameter Pd nanoparticles) populating the core surface. Adhesion and resistance (R) were measured during hot switching experiments at low (10 mu A) and high (1 mA) current. The Au/Pd NP coated contacts led to reduced adhesion as compared to pure Au contacts with a compromise of slightly higher R. For switches held in the closed position at low current, R gradually decreased over tens of seconds due to increased van der Waals force and growth of the real area of contact with temporal effects being dominant over load effects. Contact behavior transitioned from 'Pd-like' to 'Au-like' during low current cycling experiments. Melting at high current resulted in rapid formation of large real contact area, low and stable R, and minimal effect of load on R. Durability at high current was excellent with no failure through 10(6) hot switching cycles. Improvement at high current is due to controlled nanoscale surface roughness that spreads current through multiple nanocontacts, which restricts the size of melting regions and causes termination of nanowire growth (prevents shorting) during contact opening. Based on these results, bimetallic NPs show excellent potential as surface modifiers/lubricants for MEMS switch contacts.
C1 [Patton, Steven T.; Hu, Jianjun] Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
[Slocik, Joseph M.; Campbell, Angela; Naik, Rajesh R.; Voevodin, Andrey A.] USAF, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Patton, ST (reprint author), Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
EM steve.patton@wpafb.af.mil; rajesh.naik@wpafb.af.mil
RI Voevodin, Andrey/I-6684-2013
FU RX Bio program; Air Force Office of Scientific Research
FX Funding for this work was provided by the RX Bio program and the Air
Force Office of Scientific Research.
NR 15
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 2
U2 11
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0957-4484
J9 NANOTECHNOLOGY
JI Nanotechnology
PD OCT 8
PY 2008
VL 19
IS 40
AR 405705
DI 10.1088/0957-4484/19/40/405705
PG 6
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
Physics, Applied
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics
GA 341TI
UT WOS:000258737500027
PM 21832634
ER
PT J
AU Levandier, DJ
Chiu, YH
Dressler, RA
AF Levandier, Dale J.
Chiu, Yu-Hui
Dressler, Rainer A.
TI A guided-ion beam study of the O(+)((4)S)+NH(3) system at hyperthermal
energies
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A
LA English
DT Article
ID SIMULATIONS
AB We have measured absolute cross section for the reaction of ground-state O(+) with ammonia at collision energies in the range from near-thermal to approximately 15 eV, using the guided-ion beam (GIB) method. Measurements were also performed using ammonia-d(3) to aid in mass assignments. The reaction is dominated at low collision energies by charge transfer; however, the cross section for this exothermic channel is rather small, decreasing sharply with energy from similar to 40 angstrom(2) for normal ammonia at near-thermal energies and leveling off at 3.7 angstrom(2) above 6 eV; the cross section is slightly smaller for ammonia-d(3). Other channels, corresponding to the production of NH(2)(+) and NO(+), and possibly OH(+), were detected. The NO(+) channel, although nominally exothermic, is very small and exhibits a threshold at similar to 7 eV. Product recoil velocity distributions were also determined at selected collision energies, using GIB time-of-flight methods.
C1 [Levandier, Dale J.; Chiu, Yu-Hui; Dressler, Rainer A.] USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Hanscom AFB, Bedford, MA 01731 USA.
[Levandier, Dale J.] Boston Coll, Inst Sci Res, Chestnut Hill, MA 02159 USA.
RP Levandier, DJ (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Hanscom AFB, Bedford, MA 01731 USA.
FU AFOSR [2303ES02]
FX This work was supported by AFOSR under Task 2303ES02. The authors wish
to acknowledge Dr. A. A. Viggiano, who provided the
ammonia-d3 used in this work.
NR 19
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1089-5639
J9 J PHYS CHEM A
JI J. Phys. Chem. A
PD OCT 2
PY 2008
VL 112
IS 39
BP 9601
EP 9606
DI 10.1021/jp803120z
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 353FP
UT WOS:000259551800053
PM 18771251
ER
PT J
AU Weiss, RA
Wright, E
Neil, S
Dolan, MJ
He, W
Kulkarni, H
Ahuja, S
AF Weiss, R. A.
Wright, E.
Neil, S.
Dolan, M. J.
He, W.
Kulkarni, H.
Ahuja, S.
TI Duffy Antigen Receptor for Chemokines: a Polymorphism Frequent in
Africans that Increases Risk of HIV-1 Infection by 50%
SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT AIDS Vaccine 2008 Conference
CY OCT 13-16, 2008
CL Cape Town, SOUTH AFRICA
SP NIAID, Div AIDS, NIH, Div AIDS
C1 [Weiss, R. A.; Wright, E.; Neil, S.] UCL, London, England.
[Dolan, M. J.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA.
[He, W.; Kulkarni, H.; Ahuja, S.] Univ Texas San Antonio, San Antonio, TX USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC
PI NEW ROCHELLE
PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA
SN 0889-2229
J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV
JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 24
BP 72
EP 73
PG 2
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology
GA 367CT
UT WOS:000260530800180
ER
PT J
AU Fadare, O
Liang, SX
AF Fadare, Oluwole
Liang, Sharon X.
TI Epithelioid smooth muscle tumors of the uterus do not express CD1a: A
potential immunohistochemical adjunct in their distinction from
perivascular epithelioid cell tumors (PEComas)
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Clinical-Pathology
CY OCT 16-19, 2008
CL Baltimore, MD
SP Amer Soc Clin Pathol
C1 [Fadare, Oluwole] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA.
[Liang, Sharon X.] Stony Brook Univ Hosp, Stony Brook, NY USA.
[Fadare, Oluwole] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC CLINICAL PATHOLOGY
PI CHICAGO
PA 2100 W HARRISON ST, CHICAGO, IL 60612 USA
SN 0002-9173
J9 AM J CLIN PATHOL
JI Am. J. Clin. Pathol.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 130
IS 4
MA 34
BP 659
EP 659
PG 1
WC Pathology
SC Pathology
GA 349ZY
UT WOS:000259323400057
ER
PT J
AU Fadare, O
Orejudos, MP
Jain, R
Mariappan, MR
Hecht, JL
Renshaw, IL
Hileeto, D
Wang, SA
Ghofrani, M
Liang, SX
AF Fadare, Oluwole
Orejudos, Michael P.
Jain, Reena
Mariappan, M. Rajan
Hecht, Jonathan L.
Renshaw, Idris L.
Hileeto, Denise
Wang, Sa A.
Ghofrani, Mohiedean
Liang, Sharon X.
TI A comparative analysis of lymphatic vessel density in ovarian serous
tumors of low malignant potential (borderline turnors) with and without
lymph node involvement
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Clinical-Pathology
CY OCT 16-19, 2008
CL Baltimore, MD
SP Amer Soc Clin Pathol
C1 [Fadare, Oluwole; Orejudos, Michael P.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA.
[Fadare, Oluwole] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA.
[Jain, Reena] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Richmond, VA 23284 USA.
[Mariappan, M. Rajan; Hecht, Jonathan L.] Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
[Mariappan, M. Rajan; Hecht, Jonathan L.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
[Hileeto, Denise] McMaster Univ, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
[Wang, Sa A.] Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Worcester, MA 01605 USA.
[Ghofrani, Mohiedean] SW Washington Med Ctr, Vancouver, WA USA.
[Liang, Sharon X.] SUNY Stony Brook, Med Ctr, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
[Orejudos, Michael P.] San Antonio Uniformed Serv Hlth Educ Consortium, Pathol Program, San Antonio, TX USA.
[Orejudos, Michael P.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA.
[Orejudos, Michael P.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Lab Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA.
[Renshaw, Idris L.] Vanguard Pathol Associates, Austin, TX USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC CLINICAL PATHOLOGY
PI CHICAGO
PA 2100 W HARRISON ST, CHICAGO, IL 60612 USA
SN 0002-9173
J9 AM J CLIN PATHOL
JI Am. J. Clin. Pathol.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 130
IS 4
MA 43
BP 662
EP 662
PG 1
WC Pathology
SC Pathology
GA 349ZY
UT WOS:000259323400066
ER
PT J
AU Fadare, O
AF Fadare, Oluwole
TI Myxoid epithelioid sarcoma: Clinicopathologic analysis of 2 cases
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Clinical-Pathology
CY OCT 16-19, 2008
CL Baltimore, MD
SP Amer Soc Clin Pathol
C1 [Fadare, Oluwole] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
[Fadare, Oluwole] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC CLINICAL PATHOLOGY
PI CHICAGO
PA 2100 W HARRISON ST, CHICAGO, IL 60612 USA
SN 0002-9173
J9 AM J CLIN PATHOL
JI Am. J. Clin. Pathol.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 130
IS 4
MA 49
BP 664
EP 664
PG 1
WC Pathology
SC Pathology
GA 349ZY
UT WOS:000259323400072
ER
PT J
AU Fadare, I
AF Fadare, Oluwole
TI Leiomyomata from uteri that underwent the NovaSure (radiofrequency)
impedance-controlled endometrial ablation show no significant
morphologic changes: Report of three cases
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Clinical-Pathology
CY OCT 16-19, 2008
CL Baltimore, MD
SP Amer Soc Clin Pathol
C1 [Fadare, Oluwole] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC CLINICAL PATHOLOGY
PI CHICAGO
PA 2100 W HARRISON ST, CHICAGO, IL 60612 USA
SN 0002-9173
J9 AM J CLIN PATHOL
JI Am. J. Clin. Pathol.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 130
IS 4
MA 55
BP 666
EP 666
PG 1
WC Pathology
SC Pathology
GA 349ZY
UT WOS:000259323400078
ER
PT J
AU Nicholls, SE
Sweeney, TW
Ferre, RM
Strout, TD
AF Nicholls, Scott E.
Sweeney, Timothy W.
Ferre, Robinson M.
Strout, Tania D.
TI Bedside sonography by emergency physicians for the rapid identification
of landmarks relevant to cricothyrotomy
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID SEQUENCE INTUBATION; ULTRASOUND GUIDANCE; MEDICINE RESIDENCY; AIRWAY
MANAGEMENT; SUCCESS; ARTHROCENTESIS; ACCESS
AB Introduction: Cricothyrotomy is a difficult, infrequently performed lifesaving procedure.
Objectives: The objectives of the study were to develop a standardized ultrasound technique to sonographically identify the cricothyroid membrane (CM) and to evaluate the ability of emergency physicians (EPs) to apply the technique in a cohort of Emergency Department (ED) patients.
Methods: Four cadaveric models were used to develop a technique to accurately identify the CM. Two EPs then sonographically imaged 50 living subjects. Time to visualization of the CM and relevant landmarks, as well as perception of landmark palpation difficulty, were recorded.
Results: Fifty subjects were enrolled, and relevant structures were identified in all participants. The mean time to visualization of the CM was 24.32 +/- 20.18 seconds (95% confidence interval, 18.59-30.05 seconds). Although a significant relationship between palpation difficulty and body mass index was noted, body mass index did not impact physician ability to identify the CM.
Conclusions: Emergency physicians were able to develop and implement a reliable sonographic technique for the identification of anatomy relevant to performing an emergent cricothyrotomy. (c) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Nicholls, Scott E.; Sweeney, Timothy W.; Strout, Tania D.] Maine Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Portland, ME 04102 USA.
[Ferre, Robinson M.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
RP Strout, TD (reprint author), Maine Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Portland, ME 04102 USA.
EM strout@mmc.org
RI Strout, Tania/L-1556-2013
OI Strout, Tania/0000-0001-9053-1523
NR 20
TC 27
Z9 28
U1 0
U2 0
PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA
SN 0735-6757
J9 AM J EMERG MED
JI Am. J. Emerg. Med.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 26
IS 8
BP 852
EP 856
DI 10.1016/j.ajem.2007.11.022
PG 5
WC Emergency Medicine
SC Emergency Medicine
GA 361JG
UT WOS:000260123300002
PM 18926340
ER
PT J
AU Calabria, CW
Hagan, L
AF Calabria, Christopher W.
Hagan, Larry
TI The role of intradermal skin testing in inhalant allergy
SO ANNALS OF ALLERGY ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
ID RADIOALLERGOSORBENT TEST; PRICK TESTS; PROVOCATION TESTS; IMMEDIATE
HYPERSENSITIVITY; RESPIRATORY ALLERGY; SYSTEMIC REACTIONS;
DIAGNOSTIC-TESTS; TIMOTHY POLLEN; HAY-FEVER; SERUM IGE
AB Objective: To provide an overview of the role of intradermal skin testing (IDST) in inhalant allergy.
Data Sources: A literature search was conducted in MEDLINE to identify peer-reviewed articles related to IDST using the following keywords: skin testing, intradermal, intracutaneous, aeroallergen, and inhalant allergen. In addition, references cited within these articles were also reviewed.
Study Selection: Articles were selected based on their relevance to the topic.
Results: The use of IDST for inhalant allergy varies widely among allergists. When performed, it is necessary to use a 100- to 1,000-fold dilution from the stock allergen extract. IDST is used routinely in the standardization of extracts in the United States. With a negative skin prick test result, a positive IDST result has low agreement with in vitro and challenge results and generally adds little to the diagnostic evaluation. In contrast, a negative IDST result generally has a high negative predictive value. Only a few inhalant allergens have been evaluated with challenge models for IDST. A summary of the data is also presented in tabular form.
Conclusions: Most of the literature suggests that with a negative skin prick test result, a positive IDST result adds little to the diagnostic evaluation of inhalant allergy. However, additional studies are necessary using challenge models for less potent and nonstandardized inhalant allergens (molds, trees, dog, weeds).
C1 [Calabria, Christopher W.; Hagan, Larry] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Allergy & Immunol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
RP Calabria, CW (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Allergy & Immunol, 2200 Bergquist Dr,Suite 1, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
EM christopher.calabria@lackland.af.mil
NR 50
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 1081-1206
J9 ANN ALLERG ASTHMA IM
JI Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 101
IS 4
BP 337
EP 349
PG 13
WC Allergy; Immunology
SC Allergy; Immunology
GA 359II
UT WOS:000259979300002
PM 18939720
ER
PT J
AU Tucker, MH
Tankersley, MS
AF Tucker, Mark H.
Tankersley, Michael S.
CA ACAAI Immunotherapy & Diagnostics
TI Perception and practice of sublingual immunotherapy among practicing
allergists
SO ANNALS OF ALLERGY ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID POSTMARKETING SURVEILLANCE; ANAPHYLAXIS; RHINITIS; SAFETY; POLLEN;
CHILDREN; ADULTS; ROUTES
AB Background: Currently, little information is available regarding who is using sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) in the United States, what product they may be using, how they are dosing that product, and what perceived effect it may be having on patients.
Objective: To gather information regarding the perception and use of SLIT among practicing allergists in the United States.
Methods: On behalf of the American College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology (ACAAI) Immunotherapy and Diagnostics Committee, an electronic survey was sent to all practicing allergists of the ACAAI in March 2007.
Results: The survey response rate was 25.7% (828/3,217) in which 92.5% of the respondents (766/828) practiced in the United States. For 61.7% (471/763) the most cited reason for not using SLIT was lack of approval by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). If SLIT were an FDA-approved form of immunotherapy, 65.7% would use it to treat allergic rhinitis, 45.5% would use SLIT to treat patients younger than 5 years, and 40.9% would use it to treat moderate to severe asthma. A total of 5.9% (45/766) of US allergists reported using SLIT. Most perceived SLIT to be as effective (44.7%) or more effective (10.5%) than subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT). Most allergists who used SLIT (65.9%) had it reimbursed by patients paying out of pocket. The most commonly used extract (79.1%) was a commercially available extract used for SCIT. Some practitioners (53.5%) required their patients to administer doses of SLIT in their office, but 81.8% only required that this be done with the first dose. Practitioners gave epinephrine injectors to 41.5% of their patients receiving SLIT.
Conclusions: Although only 5.9% of US allergists reported using SLIT, most of the 828 surveyed (766 US allergists) viewed SLIT as safe and effective and would consider using SLIT if it were an FDA-approved therapy.
C1 [Tucker, Mark H.] USN, Med Ctr, Allergy Clin, Dept Allergy, San Diego, CA 92106 USA.
[Tucker, Mark H.] USN, Med Ctr, Dept Immunol, San Diego, CA 92106 USA.
[Tankersley, Michael S.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA.
RP Tucker, MH (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, Allergy Clin, Dept Allergy, 2251 Cushing Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA.
EM mhtucker@pol.net
NR 33
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 1081-1206
J9 ANN ALLERG ASTHMA IM
JI Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 101
IS 4
BP 419
EP 425
PG 7
WC Allergy; Immunology
SC Allergy; Immunology
GA 359II
UT WOS:000259979300014
PM 18939732
ER
PT J
AU White, KM
England, RW
AF White, Kevin M.
England, Ronald W.
TI Safety of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors while receiving venom
immunotherapy
SO ANNALS OF ALLERGY ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID ANAPHYLACTOID REACTIONS; HYMENOPTERA VENOM; ACE INHIBITORS; AN69
MEMBRANES; HEMODIALYSIS; SYSTEM; HYPOSENSITIZATION; BRADYKININ; PLASMA
AB Background: Case reports have raised concern about concurrent use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE-Is) in patients receiving venom immunotherapy (VIT). No surveys have been performed on the number of venom allergic patients who take ACE-Is and their outcomes.
Objective: To survey the use of ACE-Is and systemic reaction (SR) characteristics in patients receiving VIT.
Methods: A retrospective medical record review was performed on all patients evaluated for Hymenoptera venom allergy at a single center from 2000 to 2005. Patient records were evaluated for presenting symptoms, specific IgE testing. VIT treatment course, ACE-I use during VIT, and the presence of any SRs to field stings or VIT.
Results: Of 288 patients evaluated from 2000 to 2005 for Hymenoptera venom allergy, 157 were found to have venom specific I-E. Of these 157 patients, 79 (50%) of those with Hymenoptera venom allergy underwent VIT. Seventeen of these 79 patients (21%) were taking an ACE-I during VIT. The mean overlap of a patient taking an ACE-I with the time they were receiving VIT was 30.9 months (range, 3-114 months). Patients taking ACE-Is were older (mean age, 56.2 vs 36.4 years; P < .001) and received VIT for a longer period (mean, 72.3 vs 29.9 months; P < .04). Thirteen of 62 patients not taking an ACE-I (21%) experienced an SR during their VIT. No patients taking an ACE-I experienced an SR to VIT while taking an ACE-I (P = .03).
Conclusions: This study suggests that there is not an association between ACE-I use and increased frequency of SRs to venom immunotherapy.
C1 [White, Kevin M.; England, Ronald W.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Allergy Immunol Clin, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA.
RP White, KM (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Allergy Immunol Clin, 59th MTG SGMOVA,2200 Bergquist Dr,Suite 1, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
EM kevin.white@lakenheath.af.mil
OI White, Kevin/0000-0001-7723-3257
NR 24
TC 26
Z9 27
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 1081-1206
J9 ANN ALLERG ASTHMA IM
JI Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 101
IS 4
BP 426
EP 430
PG 5
WC Allergy; Immunology
SC Allergy; Immunology
GA 359II
UT WOS:000259979300015
PM 18939733
ER
PT J
AU La Shell, MMS
Calabria, MCW
AF La Shell, Maj Mark S.
Calabria, Maj Christopher W.
TI Sublingual-oral administration of standardized allergenic extracts:
Phase I safety and dosing results
SO ANNALS OF ALLERGY ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY
LA English
DT Letter
ID IMMUNOTHERAPY
C1 [La Shell, Maj Mark S.; Calabria, Maj Christopher W.] 59th Med Grp, Dept Allergy Asthma & Immunol, Lackland AFB, TX USA.
RP La Shell, MMS (reprint author), 59th Med Grp, Dept Allergy Asthma & Immunol, Lackland AFB, TX USA.
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 1081-1206
J9 ANN ALLERG ASTHMA IM
JI Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 101
IS 4
BP 445
EP 445
PG 1
WC Allergy; Immunology
SC Allergy; Immunology
GA 359II
UT WOS:000259979300019
PM 18939737
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, S
Cain, S
AF Johnson, Steven
Cain, Stephen
TI Bound on range precision for shot-noise limited ladar systems
SO APPLIED OPTICS
LA English
DT Article
ID OPTICAL-RADAR; PERFORMANCE
AB The precision of ladar range measurements is limited by noise. The fundamental source of noise in a laser signal is the random time between photon arrivals. This phenomenon, called shot noise, is modeled as a Poisson random process. Other noise sources in the system are also modeled as Poisson processes. Under the Poisson-noise assumption, the Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB) on range measurements is derived. This bound on the variance of any unbiased range estimate is greater than the CRLB derived by assuming Gaussian noise of equal variance. Finally, it is shown that, for a ladar capable of dividing a fixed amount of energy into multiple laser pulses, the range precision is maximized when all energy is transmitted in a single pulse. (C) 2008 Optical Society of America
C1 [Johnson, Steven; Cain, Stephen] USAF, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Johnson, S (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, 2950 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM steven.johnson.ctr@afit.edu
NR 19
TC 16
Z9 18
U1 1
U2 7
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1559-128X
EI 2155-3165
J9 APPL OPTICS
JI Appl. Optics
PD OCT 1
PY 2008
VL 47
IS 28
BP 5147
EP 5154
DI 10.1364/AO.47.005147
PG 8
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 364PS
UT WOS:000260348200025
PM 18830304
ER
PT J
AU Eismann, MT
Meola, J
Stocker, AD
Beaven, SG
Schaum, AP
AF Eismann, Michael T.
Meola, Joseph
Stocker, Alan D.
Beaven, Scott G.
Schaum, Alan P.
TI Airborne hyperspectral detection of small changes
SO APPLIED OPTICS
LA English
DT Article
ID DETECTION ALGORITHMS; IMAGERY; DESIGN; AREAS
AB Hyperspectral change detection offers a promising approach to detect objects and features of remotely sensed areas that are too difficult to find in single images, such as slight changes in land cover and the insertion, deletion, or movement of small objects, by exploiting subtle differences in the imagery over time. Methods for performing such change detection, however, must effectively maintain invariance to typically larger image-to-image changes in illumination and environmental conditions, as well as misregistration and viewing differences between image observations, while remaining sensitive to small differences in scene content. Previous research has established predictive algorithms to overcome such natural changes between images, and these approaches have recently been extended to deal with space-varying changes. The challenges to effective change detection, however, are often exacerbated in an airborne imaging geometry because of the limitations in control over flight conditions and geometry, and some of the recent change detection algorithms have not been demonstrated in an airborne setting. We describe the airborne implementation and relative performance of such methods. We specifically attempt to characterize the effects of spatial misregistration on change detection performance, the efficacy of class-conditional predictors in an airborne setting, and extensions to the change detection approach, including physically motivated shadow transition classifiers and matched change filtering based on in-scene atmospheric normalization. (C) 2008 Optical Society of America
C1 [Eismann, Michael T.; Meola, Joseph] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Stocker, Alan D.; Beaven, Scott G.] Space Comp Corp, Los Angeles, CA 90025 USA.
[Schaum, Alan P.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Eismann, MT (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, 2241 Avion Circle, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
NR 36
TC 22
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 8
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1559-128X
EI 2155-3165
J9 APPL OPTICS
JI Appl. Optics
PD OCT 1
PY 2008
VL 47
IS 28
BP F27
EP F45
DI 10.1364/AO.47.000F27
PG 19
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 364PS
UT WOS:000260348200004
PM 18830283
ER
PT J
AU Manolakis, D
Rossacci, M
Zhang, D
Cipar, J
Lockwood, R
Cooley, T
Jacobson, J
AF Manolakis, Dimitris
Rossacci, Michael
Zhang, Denise
Cipar, John
Lockwood, Ronald
Cooley, Thomas
Jacobson, John
TI Statistical characterization of hyperspectral background clutter in the
reflective spectral region
SO APPLIED OPTICS
LA English
DT Article
ID IMAGING DATA; ATMOSPHERIC CORRECTION; IMAGERY; AVIRIS
AB Hyperspectral imaging systems for daylight operation measure and analyze reflected and scattered radiation in p-spectral channels covering the reflective infrared region 0.4-2.5 mu m. Consequently, the p-dimensional joint distribution of background clutter is required to design and evaluate optimum hyperspectral imaging processors. In this paper, we develop statistical models for the spectral variability of natural hyperspectral backgrounds using the class of elliptically contoured distributions. We demonstrate, using data from the NASA AVIRIS sensor, that models based on the multivariate t-elliptically contoured distribution capture with sufficient accuracy the statistical characteristics of natural hyperspectral backgrounds that are relevant to target detection applications. (C) 2008 Optical Society of America
C1 [Manolakis, Dimitris; Rossacci, Michael; Zhang, Denise] MIT, Lincoln Lab, Lexington, MA 02420 USA.
[Cipar, John; Lockwood, Ronald] USAF, Space Vehicles Directorate, Res Lab, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
[Cooley, Thomas] USAF, Space Vehicles Directorate, Res Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA.
[Jacobson, John] Natl Air & Space Intelligence Ctr, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA.
RP Manolakis, D (reprint author), MIT, Lincoln Lab, 244 Wood St, Lexington, MA 02420 USA.
EM dmanolakis@ll.mit.edu
FU Department of Defense [FA8721-05-C-0002]
FX This work was sponsored by the Department of Defense under Air Force
Contract FA8721-05-C-0002. Opinions, interpretations, conclusions, and
recommendations are those of the author and are not necessarily endorsed
by the United States Government.
NR 19
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 3
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1559-128X
EI 2155-3165
J9 APPL OPTICS
JI Appl. Optics
PD OCT 1
PY 2008
VL 47
IS 28
BP F96
EP F106
DI 10.1364/AO.47.000F96
PG 11
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 364PS
UT WOS:000260348200010
PM 18830289
ER
PT J
AU Eismann, MT
Kerekes, J
Schaum, AP
Leathers, RA
AF Eismann, Michael T.
Kerekes, John
Schaum, Alan P.
Leathers, Robert A.
TI Multispectral and Hyperspectral Imaging: introduction to the feature
issue
SO APPLIED OPTICS
LA English
DT Editorial Material
AB This Applied Optics feature issue on multispectral and hyperspectral imaging focuses on the leading research across various disciplines in this field of research. (C) 2008 Optical Society of America
C1 [Eismann, Michael T.] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Kerekes, John] Rochester Inst Technol, Rochester, NY 14623 USA.
[Schaum, Alan P.; Leathers, Robert A.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Eismann, MT (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, 2241 Avion Circle, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM michael.eismann@wpafb.af.mil
NR 0
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 4
U2 4
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1559-128X
EI 2155-3165
J9 APPL OPTICS
JI Appl. Optics
PD OCT 1
PY 2008
VL 47
IS 28
BP MHI1
EP MHI1
DI 10.1364/AO.47.00MHI1
PG 1
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 364PS
UT WOS:000260348200001
ER
PT J
AU Rasmussen, TE
AF Rasmussen, Todd E.
TI beta-Blockade in Noncardiac Surgery Outcome at All Levels of Cardiac
Risk INVITED CRITIQUE
SO ARCHIVES OF SURGERY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
RP Rasmussen, TE (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, 2200 Berquist Dr,Ste 1, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
EM todd.rasmussen@lackland.af.mil
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC
PI CHICAGO
PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA
SN 0004-0010
J9 ARCH SURG-CHICAGO
JI Arch. Surg.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 143
IS 10
BP 944
EP 944
DI 10.1001/archsurg.143.10.944
PG 1
WC Surgery
SC Surgery
GA 360GG
UT WOS:000260045400006
ER
PT J
AU Goodman, BT
Richardson, MG
AF Goodman, Brian T.
Richardson, Michael G.
TI Case report: Unilateral negative pressure pulmonary edema - a
complication of endobronchial intubation
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ANAESTHESIA-JOURNAL CANADIEN D ANESTHESIE
LA English
DT Article
ID ACCIDENTAL BRONCHIAL INTUBATION; ENDOTRACHEAL-TUBE; OROTRACHEAL
INTUBATION; AIRWAY-OBSTRUCTION; CHEST AUSCULTATION; POSITION; ADULTS;
CUFF
AB Purpose: We describe an unusual presentation of a case of fulminant unilateral pulmonary edema caused by unrecognized right endobronchial intubation that occurred during patient movement at the end of surgery. We review factors which may predispose to this complication.
Clinical features: During emergence from anesthesia at the conclusion of bariatric surgery, a 27-yr-old patient (163 kg, body mass index 61.5 kg.m(-1)) became hypoxemic despite vigorous spontaneous ventilatory efforts through a 7.0 mm endotracheal tube with 100% oxygen. Right mainstem endobronchial tube malposition was detected by auscultation. The tube was repositioned, followed by copious pink frothy pulmonary edema abruptly issuing from the tracheal tube. Chest radiography revealed dense left lung infiltrates, consistent with unilateral negative pressure pulmonary edema, caused by brief, but forceful, inspiratory efforts against an obstructed left bronchus. This condition resolved over the following 24 hr. The patient's trachea was then extubated, and the remainder of her recovery was unremarkable.
Conclusions: A high degree of airway anatomic variation, common tracheal tube insertion practices, unreliability of tube position detection methods, and the effects of patient positioning may all contribute to endotracheal tube malposition, including partial endobronchial intubation. Several modifications in airway management may help to prevent: such complications of tracheal tube malposition.
C1 [Richardson, Michael G.] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Nashville, TN 37212 USA.
[Goodman, Brian T.] Lakenheath Hosp, Dept Anesthesiol, Brandon, Suffolk, England.
[Goodman, Brian T.] USAF, Royal AF Lakenheath, Brandon, Suffolk, England.
RP Richardson, MG (reprint author), 2301 VUH, Nashville, TN 37232 USA.
EM michael.g.richardson@vanderbilt.edu
RI Richardson, Michael/O-3530-2016
NR 16
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 3
PU CANADIAN ANESTHESIOLOGISTS SOC
PI TORONTO
PA 1 EGLINTON AVE EAST, SUITE 208, TORONTO, ONTARIO M4P 3A1, CANADA
SN 0832-610X
J9 CAN J ANAESTH
JI Can. J. Anaesth.-J. Can. Anesth.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 55
IS 10
BP 691
EP 695
PG 5
WC Anesthesiology
SC Anesthesiology
GA 357MD
UT WOS:000259849000005
PM 18835967
ER
PT J
AU Boasso, A
Hardy, AW
Landay, AL
Martinson, JL
Anderson, SA
Dolan, MJ
Clerici, M
Shearer, GM
AF Boasso, Adriano
Hardy, Andrew W.
Landay, Alan L.
Martinson, Jeffrey L.
Anderson, Stephanie A.
Dolan, Matthew J.
Clerici, Mario
Shearer, Gene M.
TI PDL-1 upregulation on monocytes and T cells by HIV via type I
interferon: Restricted expression of type I interferon receptor by
CCR5-expressing leukocytes
SO CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE HIV-1; PDL-1; IFN-alpha; CCR5; T lymphocytes; monocytes; plasmacytoid
dendritic cells; antigen -presenting cells; proliferation
ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; PLASMACYTOID DENDRITIC CELLS; CHRONIC
HEPATITIS-B; INFECTED INDIVIDUALS; LYMPHOID-TISSUE;
GASTROINTESTINAL-TRACT; VIRAL REPLICATION; SIV INFECTION; IFN-ALPHA;
ACTIVATION
AB The programmed death (PD)-1 interacts with its ligand (PDL-1) delivering a negative signal to T cells. During human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 infection PD-1 and PDL-1 expressions are increased. Here we show that monocytes and CCR5(+) T cells of HIV-uninfected donors upregulated PDL-1 upon in vitro exposure to HIV. HIV-induced PDL-1 required interferon (IFN)-alpha, but not IFN-gamma, production. Inhibition of endocytosis, required for HIV-induced IFN-alpha production, prevented PDL-1 upregulation. IFN-alpha-inducing Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists increased PDL-1 on monocytes and CCR5(+) T cells. CD80 and CD86 were also increased on monocytes and CCR5+ T cells after HIV exposure, but only CD80 was IFN-alpha-dependent. IFN-alpha-receptor subunit 2 (IFNAR2), was expressed only by CCR5(+) T cells and monocytes, explaining why these leukocytes responded to HIV-induced IFN-a. Finally, T cell proliferation was improved by PDL-1 blockade in HIV-treated PBMC. In the setting of HIV infection, IFN-a may negatively affect T cell responses by inducing PDL-1. K) 2008 (C) Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Boasso, Adriano; Hardy, Andrew W.; Shearer, Gene M.] NCI, Expt Immunol Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
[Landay, Alan L.; Martinson, Jeffrey L.] Rush Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Immunol Microbiol, Chicago, IL 60612 USA.
[Anderson, Stephanie A.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Infect Dis Clin Res Program, Henry M Jackson Fdn, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
[Dolan, Matthew J.] SAMMC, Infect Dis Clin Res Program, Henry M Jackson Fdn, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA.
[Clerici, Mario] Univ Milan, Dept Biomed Sci & Technol, I-20122 Milan, Italy.
[Clerici, Mario] Don C Gnocchi Fdn IRCCS, Lab Mol Med & Biotechnol, Milan, Italy.
RP Boasso, A (reprint author), Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Chelsea & Westminster Hosp, Fac Med, Dept Immunol, 369 Fulham Rd, London SW10 9NH, England.
EM a.boasso@imperial.ac.uk
OI Clerici, Mario/0000-0001-5920-6191; Boasso, Adriano/0000-0001-9673-6319
FU Intramural research Program of the CCR, NO; Intramural AIDS Targeted
Antiviral Program (IATAP)
FX This research was supported by the Intramural research Program of the
CCR, NO and by the Intramural AIDS Targeted Antiviral Program (IATAP).
We thank Dr. Jeffrey D. Lifson (AVP, NCI-Frederick, SAIC, Frederick, MD)
for the kind gift of AT-2-treated and non-AT-2 treated HIV.
NR 59
TC 42
Z9 46
U1 0
U2 9
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 1521-6616
J9 CLIN IMMUNOL
JI Clin. Immunol.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 129
IS 1
BP 132
EP 144
DI 10.1016/j.clim.2008.05.009
PG 13
WC Immunology
SC Immunology
GA 351XM
UT WOS:000259459200016
PM 18650129
ER
PT J
AU Hivnor, CM
Mirski, D
AF Hivnor, Chad M.
Mirski, Daniel
TI What Is Your Diagnosis? - The Diagnosis: Dermatitis Herpetiformis
SO CUTIS
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Hivnor, Chad M.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
RP Hivnor, CM (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU QUADRANT HEALTHCOM INC
PI PARSIPPANY
PA 7 CENTURY DRIVE, STE 302, PARSIPPANY, NJ 07054-4603 USA
SN 0011-4162
EI 2326-6929
J9 CUTIS
JI Cutis
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 82
IS 4
BP 241
EP +
PG 3
WC Dermatology
SC Dermatology
GA 369ZG
UT WOS:000260731800003
PM 19055166
ER
PT J
AU Ginsburg, MA
Eller, RL
Sataloff, RT
AF Ginsburg, Mark A.
Eller, Robert L.
Sataloff, Robert T.
TI Mucosal tear
SO ENT-EAR NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Ginsburg, Mark A.] Philadelphia Coll Osteopath Med, Dept Otolaryngol Facial Plast Surg, Philadelphia, PA USA.
[Eller, Robert L.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, San Antonio, TX USA.
[Sataloff, Robert T.] Drexel Univ, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Coll Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
RP Ginsburg, MA (reprint author), Philadelphia Coll Osteopath Med, Dept Otolaryngol Facial Plast Surg, Philadelphia, PA USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU VENDOME GROUP LLC
PI NEW YORK
PA 149 FIFTH AVE, 10TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA
SN 0145-5613
J9 ENT-EAR NOSE THROAT
JI ENT-Ear Nose Throat J.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 87
IS 10
BP 558
EP 558
PG 1
WC Otorhinolaryngology
SC Otorhinolaryngology
GA V10PD
UT WOS:000207475000003
PM 18833529
ER
PT J
AU Bullard, TJ
Das, J
Daquila, GL
Tauber, UC
AF Bullard, T. J.
Das, J.
Daquila, G. L.
Tauber, U. C.
TI Vortex washboard voltage noise in type-II superconductors
SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL B
LA English
DT Article
ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS; BOSON LOCALIZATION; DRIVEN LATTICES;
MAGNETIC-FLUX; GLASS; PHASE; INTERFERENCE; TRANSITIONS; SIMULATION;
VORTICES
AB In order to characterize flux flow through disordered type-II superconductors, we investigate the effects of columnar and point defects on the vortex velocity/voltage power spectrum in the driven non-equilibrium steady state. We employ three-dimensional Metropolis Monte Carlo simulations to measure relevant physical observables including the force-velocity/current-voltage (I-V) characteristics, vortex spatial arrangement and structure factor, and mean flux line radius of gyration.Our simulation results compare well to earlier findings and physical intuition.We focus specifically on the voltage noise power spectra in conjunction with the vortex structure factor in the presence of weak columnar and point pinning centers. We investigate the vortex washboard noise peak and associated higher harmonics,and show that the intensity ratios of the washboard harmonics are determined bythe strength of the material defects rather than the type of pins present.Through varying columnar defect lengths and pinning strengths as well as magnetic flux density we further explore the effect of the material defects on vortex transport.It is demonstrated that the radius of gyration displays quantitatively uniquefeatures that depend characteristically on the type of material defects presentin the sample.
C1 [Bullard, T. J.; Daquila, G. L.; Tauber, U. C.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Ctr Stochast Proc & Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
[Bullard, T. J.; Daquila, G. L.; Tauber, U. C.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Phys, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
[Das, J.] MIT, Dept Chem Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Bullard, T. J.] USAF, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Bullard, TJ (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Phys, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
EM tauber@vt.edu
RI Das, Jayajit/E-2951-2011
FU U.S. National Science Foundation, Division of Materials Research [NSF
DMR-0075725, 0308548]; Bank of America Jeffress Memorial Trust [J-594]
FX This work was in part supported through the U.S. National Science
Foundation, Division of Materials Research, grants NSF DMR-0075725 and
0308548, and through the Bank of America Jeffress Memorial Trust,
research grant J-594. Some of the data shown were obtained from
simulations run on Virginia Tech's Anantham cluster. We gratefully
acknowledge helpful discussions with I. Georgiev, T. Klongcheongsan, E.
Lyman, M. Pleimling, G. Pruessner, B. Schmittmann, S. Teitel and R. K.
P. Zia.
NR 38
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1434-6028
EI 1434-6036
J9 EUR PHYS J B
JI Eur. Phys. J. B
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 65
IS 4
BP 469
EP 484
DI 10.1140/epjb/e2008-00358-7
PG 16
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 370OG
UT WOS:000260770900001
ER
PT J
AU Drummond, J
Christou, J
AF Drummond, Jack
Christou, Julian
TI Triaxial ellipsoid dimensions and rotational poles of seven asteroids
from Lick Observatory adaptive optics images, and of Ceres
SO ICARUS
LA English
DT Article
DE asteroids; adaptive optics
ID SPECKLE INTERFEROMETRY; VESTA; SHAPE; SIZE; LIGHTCURVES; TELESCOPE;
SYSTEM
AB Seven main belt asteroids, 2 Pallas, 3 Juno, 4 Vesta, 16 Psyche, 87 Sylvia, 324 Bamberga, and 707 interamnia, were imaged with the adaptive optics system on the 3 m Shane telescope at Lick Observatory in the near infrared, and their triaxial ellipsoid dimensions and rotational poles have been determined with parametric blind deconvolution. In addition, the dimensions and pole for I Ceres are derived from resolved images at multiple epochs, even though it is an oblate spheroid. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 [Drummond, Jack] USAF, Res Lab, Directed Energy Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA.
[Christou, Julian] Natl Sci Fdn, Div Astron Sci, Arlington, VA 22203 USA.
RP Drummond, J (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Directed Energy Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA.
EM Jack.Drummond@kirtland.af.mil
FU Air Force Research Laboratory
FX We are grateful to Joel Parker for providing the HST data of Ceres taken
in 2003, and to Don McCarthy and E. Keith Hege for providing the HST
data of Vesta taken in 1997. Two reviewers contributed substantially to
improvements in the manuscript. The excellent staff at Lick Observatory
is acknowledged for their essential assistance, especially Chris Miller
and Ellie Gates. Observational and travel support for Drummond was
provided by the Directed Energy Directorate of the Air Force Research
Laboratory. This research made use of NASA's Astrophysics Data System
and of JPL's Horizons On-Line Ephemeris System.
NR 30
TC 28
Z9 28
U1 0
U2 1
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0019-1035
J9 ICARUS
JI Icarus
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 197
IS 2
BP 480
EP 496
DI 10.1016/j.icarus.2008.05.009
PG 17
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 356OT
UT WOS:000259788200008
ER
PT J
AU Maybeck, PS
Kozak, MC
Smith, BD
AF Maybeck, Peter S.
Kozak, Matthew C.
Smith, Brian D.
TI Mixed-Model Multiple-Hypothesis Tracking of Targets in Clutter
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
ID ALGORITHM
AB Tracking targets in clutter, with the inherent data association problem, naturally leads to a Gaussian mixture representation of the probability density function (pdf) of the target state vector, conditioned on the measurements observed. Online trackers require reduction of the number of components in the mixture on each processing cycle, and the integral square error (ISE) based mixture reduction algorithm (MRA) significantly outperforms known alternative algorithms. Moreover, to handle target maneuver onset and changing trajectory characteristics, one can use multiple model adaptive estimation in the form of either multiple model adaptive estimation (MMAE) or interacting multiple model (IMM) algorithms. For maneuvering targets in clutter, one can replace each Kalman filter within a conventional MMAE or IMM with an ISE-based MRA, or better yet, replace each Kalman filter within an ISE-based algorithm with an MMAE or IMM, to yield superior tracking of aggressive maneuvers in deep clutter. Such an ISE-based algorithm of MMAEs is seen to have performance attributes significantly superior to that of a current state-of-the-art tracker.
C1 [Maybeck, Peter S.; Kozak, Matthew C.; Smith, Brian D.] USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Elect Engn, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Maybeck, PS (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Elect Engn, 2950 Hobson Way,Bldg 640, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM Peter.Maybeck@afit.edu
NR 28
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 5
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 0018-9251
J9 IEEE T AERO ELEC SYS
JI IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 44
IS 4
BP 1402
EP 1415
PG 14
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic;
Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA 401IM
UT WOS:000262934400012
ER
PT J
AU Tartakovsky, AG
Brown, J
AF Tartakovsky, Alexander G.
Brown, James
TI Adaptive Spatial-Temporal Filtering Methods for Clutter Removal and
Target Tracking
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
AB In space-based infrared (IR) ballistic missile defense sensor systems, cluttered backgrounds are typically much more intense than the equivalent sensor noise or the targets being detected. Therefore, the development of efficient clutter removal and target preservation/enhancement algorithms is of crucial importance. To meet customer requirements, the advanced clutter rejection algorithms should provide more than 20 dB improvement in detection sensitivity. We propose an adaptive parametric spatial-temporal filtering technique together with the jitter compensation (scene stabilization). The results of simulations and processing of real data show that the developed adaptive spatial-temporal clutter suppression algorithms allow for efficient clutter rejection in all tested situations. Proposed algorithms completely remove heavy clutter in the presence of substantial jifter and do not require expensive subpixel jitter stabilizers. In contrast, spatial-only filters and temporal differencing methods can be used only for weak and relatively correlated clutter. A stand-alone simulator was developed to demonstrate capabilities and performance of various algorithmic approaches. Simulations model various geometries, resolutions, illuminations, and meteorological conditions for space-based IR staring sensor systems.
C1 [Tartakovsky, Alexander G.] Univ So Calif, Dept Math, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
[Brown, James] USAF, VSBYB, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
RP Tartakovsky, AG (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Dept Math, 3620 S Vermont Ave,KAP-108, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
EM tartakov@usc.edu
FU U.S. Office of Naval Research [N00014-99-1-0068, N00014-06-1-0110]; U.S.
Army Research Office MURI [W911NF-06-1-0094]; Missile Defense Agency
SBIR [FA8718-04-C-0059]; Air Force
FX The research of Alexander Tartakovsky was supported in part by the U.S.
Office of Naval Research grants N00014-99-1-0068 and N000 14-06-1-0110
and by the U.S. Army Research Office MURI grant W911NF-06-1-0094 at the
University of Southern California, as well as by the Missile Defense
Agency SBIR contract FA8718-04-C-0059 at ADSANTEC. The research of James
Brown was supported by the Air Force.
NR 26
TC 11
Z9 15
U1 1
U2 7
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 0018-9251
J9 IEEE T AERO ELEC SYS
JI IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 44
IS 4
BP 1522
EP 1537
PG 16
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic;
Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA 401IM
UT WOS:000262934400021
ER
PT J
AU Devaney, AJ
Kaiser, G
Marengo, EA
Albanese, R
Erdmann, G
AF Devaney, Anthony J.
Kaiser, Gerald
Marengo, Edwin A.
Albanese, Richard
Erdmann, Grant
TI The Inverse Source Problem for Wavelet Fields
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Inverse source problem; pulsed beam; reliability; wavelet field
ID MINIMUM-ENERGY-SOURCES; SCALAR VOLUME SOURCES; ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVELETS;
COMPLEX-SOURCE; RADIATE
AB The theory of the inverse source problem is employed to compute a class of continuously distributed and compactly supported three-dimensional (volume) sources that radiate the scalar wavelets investigated by Kaiser as well as certain electromagnetic generalizations of these scalar fields. These efforts have shown that the scalar wavelet fields can be radiated by a distributional source (generalized function) supported oil a circular disk of radius a or an oblate spheroid surrounding that disk. Our main goal here is to replace this distributional source by a more conventional volume source that radiates the same wavelet field outside its support volume. The equivalent volume sources computed in this paper are supported oil (three-dimensional) spherical shells whose outer radius a(+) > a and inner radius a(-) < a(+) are arbitrary. These sources are analytic functions of position within their support volumes for any finite, but arbitrarily large temporal frequency W, and possess minimum L-2 norm among all possible solutions to the inverse source problem with the given support volume constraint. Electromagnetic versions of the wavelet sources and fields are shown to he easily derived from their scalar wave counterparts.
C1 [Devaney, Anthony J.; Marengo, Edwin A.] Northeastern Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
[Kaiser, Gerald] Ctr Signals & Waves, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[Albanese, Richard; Erdmann, Grant] USAF, Res Labs, San Antonio, TX 78235 USA.
RP Devaney, AJ (reprint author), Northeastern Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
EM emarengo@ece.neu.edu
NR 25
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 8
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 0018-926X
J9 IEEE T ANTENN PROPAG
JI IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 56
IS 10
BP 3179
EP 3187
DI 10.1109/TAP.2008.929442
PG 9
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA 358EN
UT WOS:000259900000013
ER
PT J
AU Heller, ER
AF Heller, Eric R.
TI Simulation of Life Testing Procedures for Estimating Long-Term
Degradation and Lifetime of AlGaN/GaN HEMTs
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES
LA English
DT Article
DE Degradation; FETs; GaN; GaN/AlGaN; HEMTs; HFETs; life estimation; life
testing; MODFETs; reliability; simulation; thermal characterization;
thermal resistance
ID THERMAL-BOUNDARY RESISTANCE; FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS; GAN;
CONDUCTIVITY; SUBSTRATE
AB Finite element 3-D thermal simulations of long-term degradation in AlGaN/GaN HEMTs for high-power applications are reported on, in which temperature evolves over time as the local degradation rate varies within the modeled device based on the local temperature of the degrading region (i.e., the channel). Specifically, hotter regions within a device are modeled as degrading faster due to a thermal component to the degradation rate equation. This allows self-consistent simulation of life testing, commonly used to estimate long-term reliability by extrapolating failure times seen at elevated channel temperatures to a lower "use" temperature. We find that it is necessary to consider the entire distribution of temperatures within the device instead of at one characteristic location to get the most accurate estimates for long-term device life. The effect of device geometry, assumed degradation mode, incorrect thermal resistance data, and dissipated power level on this lifetime estimation error is investigated. It is found that the error in the extrapolated failure time is greatly increased when both the thermal resistance is in error and the dissipated power of the life test does not match the expected power during operation, compared to when only one of these is off.
C1 [Heller, Eric R.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Heller, Eric R.] Wright State Univ, Semicond Res Ctr, Dayton, OH 45435 USA.
RP Heller, ER (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM eric.heller@wpafb.af.mil
NR 13
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 5
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 0018-9383
J9 IEEE T ELECTRON DEV
JI IEEE Trans. Electron Devices
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 55
IS 10
BP 2554
EP 2560
DI 10.1109/TED.2008.2003220
PG 7
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Physics
GA 363FH
UT WOS:000260252700003
ER
PT J
AU Hargus, WA
Nakles, MR
AF Hargus, William A., Jr.
Nakles, Michael R.
TI Ion Velocity Measurements Within the Acceleration Channel of a Low-Power
Hall Thruster
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Hall effect devices; plasma measurements; propulsion; xenon
ID XENON
AB This paper presents axial ion velocity measurements within the cceleration channel of the 200-W Busek Company Inc. BHT-200 laboratory Hall thruster derived from laser-induced fluorescence measurements of the 5d[4](7/2)-6p[3](5/2) xenon-ion excited-state transition. Acceleration-channel-centerline ion velocities were measured for one nominal and six related cases. These six cases were chosen to be representative of small variations of the applied propellant flow, magnetic field, and discharge potential from the nominal condition. These deviations in operating parameters translate into changes in the plasma density, electron transport, and applied electric field, respectively. The effect of varying the magnetic field, hence influencing the electron transport, is to adjust the location of the internal ion acceleration. Increasing the anode propellant flow, which proportionally increases the plasma density and also influences the electron transport, appears to shift the acceleration upstream. Increasing the discharge potential increases ion acceleration proportionally. Examinations of the fluorescence traces, which have been previously shown to be representative of the ion velocity distributions, are also undertaken. From these data, it is possible to estimate internal axial electric fields and identify regions of ion acceleration and creation.
C1 [Hargus, William A., Jr.] Edwards AFB, AF Res Lab, Spacecraft Prop Branch, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA.
[Nakles, Michael R.] ERC Inc, AF Res Lab, Edwards AFB, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA.
RP Hargus, WA (reprint author), Edwards AFB, AF Res Lab, Spacecraft Prop Branch, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA.
EM william.hargus@edwards.af.mil; michael.nakles@edwards.af.mil
NR 17
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 2
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0093-3813
J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 36
IS 5
BP 1989
EP 1997
DI 10.1109/TPS.2008.2003967
PN 1
PG 9
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA 378ZG
UT WOS:000261363100004
ER
PT J
AU Cho, M
Garrett, HB
Hilgers, A
Lai, ST
Payan, D
Roussel, JF
AF Cho, Mengu
Garrett, Henry B.
Hilgers, Alain
Lai, Shu T.
Payan, Denis
Roussel, Jean-Francois
TI Special Issue on Spacecraft Charging Technology
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Cho, Mengu] Kyushu Inst Technol, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 8048550, Japan.
[Garrett, Henry B.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Hilgers, Alain] European Space Agcy, NL-2200 AG Noordwijk, Netherlands.
[Lai, Shu T.] AF Res Lab, Hanscom AFB, Bedford, MA 01731 USA.
[Payan, Denis] CNES, F-31401 Toulouse 9, France.
[Roussel, Jean-Francois] Off Natl Etud & Rech Aerosp, F-31055 Toulouse 4, France.
RP Cho, M (reprint author), Kyushu Inst Technol, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 8048550, Japan.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0093-3813
J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 36
IS 5
BP 2218
EP 2218
DI 10.1109/TPS.2008.2006198
PN 2
PG 1
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA 378ZH
UT WOS:000261363200001
ER
PT J
AU Badiru, A
AF Badiru, Adedeji
TI Contesting NAFTA
SO INDUSTRIAL ENGINEER
LA English
DT Letter
C1 USAF, Inst Technol, Dayton, OH USA.
RP Badiru, A (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, Dayton, OH USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU INST INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERS
PI NORCROSS
PA 3577 PARKWAY LANE, STE 200, NORCROSS, GA 30092 USA
SN 1542-894X
J9 IND ENG
JI Ind. Eng
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 40
IS 10
BP 10
EP 10
PG 1
WC Engineering, Industrial
SC Engineering
GA V18MI
UT WOS:000208008500002
ER
PT J
AU Fadare, O
Orejudos, MP
Jain, R
Mariappan, MR
Hecht, JL
Renshaw, IL
Hileeto, D
Wang, SA
Ghofrani, M
Liang, SX
AF Fadare, Oluwole
Orejudos, Michael P.
Jain, Reena
Mariappan, M. Rajan
Hecht, Jonathan L.
Renshaw, Idris L.
Hileeto, Denise
Wang, Sa A.
Ghofrani, Mohiedean
Liang, Sharon X.
TI A comparative analysis of lymphatic vessel density in ovarian serous
tumors of low malignant potential (borderline tumors) with and without
lymph node involvement
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GYNECOLOGICAL PATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE serous; ovarian; ovary; lymph node; borderline; tumors of low malignant
potential; D2-40; lymphatic vessel density
ID GROWTH FACTOR-C; MULLERIAN INCLUSION CYSTS; FOLLOW-UP; GLANDULAR
INCLUSIONS; LYMPHANGIOGENESIS; METASTASIS; MICROINVASION; CANCER;
ORIGIN; VEGF
AB Lymph node involvement is seen in approximately one quarter of women with surgically staged ovarian serous tumors of low malignant potential (serous borderline tumors), and this finding apparently does not adversely impact their overall survival. To help illuminate some of the pathomechanisms underlying this novel phenomenon, in which a largely noninvasive epithelial neoplasm is able to exit its primary site and be transported to lymph nodes with such a substantial frequency, we investigated whether significant differences in lymphatic vessel density exist between ovarian serous borderline tumors that show lymph node involvement and those that do not. The lymphatic vessel density of 13 conventional ovarian serous borderline tumors (i.e. tumors without stromal microinvasion, micropapillary/cribriform areas, or invasive implants) with at least 1 positive lymph node (study group) was compared with the lymphatic vessel density of an age- and disease extent matched control group of 13 similarly selected lymph node-negative ovarian serous borderline tumors. Lymphatic vessel density was determined by counting the total number of vascular spaces immunohistochemically stained by the lymphatic endothelium marker D2-40 in 5 consecutive microscopic fields ( x 20 objective, field area of 1 microscopic field, 0.95 mm(2)) in the most vessel-dense areas and calculating the average value per microscopic field. The peritumoral lymphatic vessel density was significantly higher than the intratumoral lymphatic vessel density,in both groups. However, no statistically significant differences were found between the study and control groups regarding intratumoral lymphatic vessel density (8.0 vs. 7.61- P=0.77), peritumoral lymphatic vessel density (20.33 vs. 21.0; P=0.79), or combined, that is, peritumoral plus intratumoral lymphatic vessel density (27.81 vs. 28.62; P=0.83). Our findings, in conjunction with others in the medical literature, do not support a role for tumor lymphatics in nodal metastasis in this neoplasm. We discuss the possibility that nodal deposits may represent metastatic disease from secondary tumor implants.
C1 [Fadare, Oluwole; Orejudos, Michael P.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
[Fadare, Oluwole] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA.
[Orejudos, Michael P.] San Antonio Uniformed Serv Hlth Educ Consortium, Pathol Program, San Antonio, TX USA.
[Orejudos, Michael P.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol & Lab Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA.
[Jain, Reena] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Pathol, Richmond, VA USA.
[Mariappan, M. Rajan; Hecht, Jonathan L.] Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
[Mariappan, M. Rajan; Hecht, Jonathan L.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Boston, MA USA.
[Mariappan, M. Rajan] Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Div Matrix Biol, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
[Renshaw, Idris L.] Vanguard Pathol Associates, Austin, TX USA.
[Hileeto, Denise] McMaster Univ, Dept Pathol, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
[Wang, Sa A.] Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Worcester, MA 01605 USA.
[Ghofrani, Mohiedean] SW Washington Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Vancouver, WA USA.
[Liang, Sharon X.] SUNY Stony Brook, Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
RP Fadare, O (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, 2200 Bergquist Dr,Ste 1, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
EM oluwolefadare@yahoo.com
FU NCI NIH HHS [P30 CA016672]
NR 44
TC 9
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 1
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0277-1691
J9 INT J GYNECOL PATHOL
JI Int. J. Gynecol. Pathol.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 27
IS 4
BP 483
EP 490
DI 10.1097/PGP.0b013e3181742d7c
PG 8
WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pathology
SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pathology
GA 352QX
UT WOS:000259513500003
PM 18753975
ER
PT J
AU Eyink, KG
Tomich, DH
Mitchel, WC
Grazulis, L
Carlin, JA
Mahalingam, K
Jallipalli, A
Balakrishnan, G
Huffaker, D
Elhamri, S
AF Eyink, Kurt G.
Tomich, David H.
Mitchel, William C.
Grazulis, Lawrence
Carlin, John A.
Mahalingam, Krishnamurthy
Jallipalli, Anitha
Balakrishnan, Ganesh
Huffaker, Diana
Elhamri, Said
TI Electrical and structural characterization of a single GaSb/InAs/GaSb
quantum well grown on GaAs using interface misfit dislocations
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID SI(100) SUBSTRATE; EPITAXIAL-GROWTH; MU-M; ARRAYS
AB Interface misfit formation has been used for the growth of high mobility GaSb/InAs single quantum wells (SQW) formed on GaAs substrates. The SQW structure was topped with 800 A GaSb, followed by 100 A GaSb:Si (5x10(8) cm(-3)), 10 nm GaSb, 10 nm InAs, and finally 250 nm GaSb on a GaAs substrate. The structural quality was examined using high resolution x-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. Reciprocal space mapping indicated that the GaSb was completely relaxed. A high resolution x-ray rocking curve showed good agreement between the proposed structure and the simulation, assuming that all layers were relaxed to the GaSb lattice, and clearly showed interference fringing from individual layers. Atomic force microscopy showed the film appeared textured, and that the final growth occurred by step flow growth. The observed peak-to-peak roughness was 7 nm over a 100x100 mu m(2) square area. Plane view transmission electron microscopy analysis showed a nearly regular array of Lomer dislocations responsible for the relaxation of the strain in the two films. The mobility of the SQW was measured as a function of temperature. The room temperature mobility was 13 900 cm(2)/V s and a peak mobility of 25 200 cm(2)/V s was observed at similar to 60 K, and remained nearly constant at lower temperatures. The sheet concentration was 2.3x10(12)/cm(2) at room temperature, and dropped to 7.35x10(11)/cm(2) at 60 K. Magnetoresistance measurements revealed the presence of Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations at 1.2 K; indicating the presence of a good quality two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG). Further support for the high quality of the 2DEG is provided by the observation of sharply defined quantum Hall plateaus. (C) 2008 American Institute of Physics. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2982277]
C1 [Eyink, Kurt G.; Tomich, David H.; Mitchel, William C.; Grazulis, Lawrence; Carlin, John A.; Mahalingam, Krishnamurthy] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, AFRL RXPS, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Jallipalli, Anitha; Huffaker, Diana] Univ New Mexico, Ctr High Technol Mat, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA.
[Balakrishnan, Ganesh; Huffaker, Diana] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Calif Nano Syst Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Huffaker, Diana] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Elect Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Elhamri, Said] Univ Dayton, Dept Phys, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
RP Eyink, KG (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, AFRL RXPS, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM kurt.eyink@wpafb.af.mil
RI balakrishnan, ganesh/F-7587-2011
NR 20
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 11
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD OCT 1
PY 2008
VL 104
IS 7
AR 074901
DI 10.1063/1.2982277
PG 5
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 361KC
UT WOS:000260125500153
ER
PT J
AU Haugan, HJ
Elhamri, S
Brown, GJ
Mitchel, WC
AF Haugan, H. J.
Elhamri, S.
Brown, G. J.
Mitchel, W. C.
TI Growth optimization for low residual carriers in undoped midinfrared
InAs/GaSb superlattices
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID FOCAL-PLANE ARRAYS; OPERATING TEMPERATURE; II SUPERLATTICES; DETECTORS;
INTERFACE
AB Reducing residual background carriers in InAs/GaSb superlattices (SLs) is an essential task to increase the operating temperature of photoconductive devices. This paper discusses how low-temperature Hall measurements were used to tune several SL growth parameters for the minimum residual carriers in a typical midinfrared 21 angstrom InAs/24 angstrom GaSb SLs designed for the 4 mu m cutoff wavelength. Among the three growth parameters studied, neither growth temperature nor in situ postannealing significantly affected the intrinsic carrier type and doping concentration. The lowest carrier density of 1.8x10(11) cm(-2) was achieved at 400 degrees C. All SLs grown at 400 degrees C maintained the lowest density around 1.6x10(11) cm(-2) with or without postannealing. However, in-plane carrier mobility showed a slight improvement with annealing, especially at temperatures above 450 degrees C. The growth parameter most sensitive to the carrier density was interface control. With a minor variation in interface shutter sequence, the carrier density dramatically increased from similar to 2x10(11) to 5x10(12) cm(-2), and the corresponding mobility dropped from 6600 to 26 cm(2)/V s, indicating dramatic degradation of interfacial quality. All SLs investigated in this study were residually p-type. (C) 2008 American Institute of Physics. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2993748]
C1 [Haugan, H. J.; Elhamri, S.; Brown, G. J.; Mitchel, W. C.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Elhamri, S.] Univ Dayton, Dept Phys, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
RP Haugan, HJ (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM heather.haugan.ctr@us.af.mil
NR 24
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 2
U2 8
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD OCT 1
PY 2008
VL 104
IS 7
AR 073111
DI 10.1063/1.2993748
PG 4
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 361KC
UT WOS:000260125500012
ER
PT J
AU Szmulowicz, F
Haugan, HJ
Brown, GJ
AF Szmulowicz, F.
Haugan, H. J.
Brown, G. J.
TI Analysis of (110) indium arsenide-gallium antimonide superlattices for
infrared detection
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID INTERFACE-ROUGHNESS SCATTERING; QUANTUM-WELLS; CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC
ORIENTATION; INAS/GASB SUPERLATTICES; BAND-STRUCTURE; PHOTODIODES; GAAS;
TEMPERATURE; TRANSITION; MIGRATION
AB This paper presents an analysis of indium arsenide-gallium antimonide (InAs/GaSb) (110)-grown superlattices for use as infrared detectors. The analysis shows that InAs/GaSb superlattices grown on (110)-oriented substrates can be grown thinner, have higher mobilities, longer diffusion lengths, greater quantum efficiencies, and gains, thus higher responsivities, than those grown on (100)-oriented substrates for the same long wavelength threshold. Based on growth studies to date, (110) superlattices should also have higher minority carrier lifetimes, lower noise, and lower residual carrier densities, thus higher detectivities. The calculated electronic structure of a (110)-oriented superlattice based on the 8x8 envelope-function approximation shows the bands to be anisotropic and the oscillator strengths to be polarization dependent. Recommended layer widths for specific absorption thresholds are calculated. (C) 2008 American Institute of Physics. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2990003]
C1 [Szmulowicz, F.] Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
[Haugan, H. J.] Universal Technol Corp, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
[Brown, G. J.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Szmulowicz, F (reprint author), Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
EM frank.szmulowicz@wpafb.af.mil
RI Schaff, William/B-5839-2009
FU Air Force [FA8650-06-D-5401]
FX F. S. was supported by the Air Force (Contract No. FA8650-06-D-5401).
NR 57
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD OCT 1
PY 2008
VL 104
IS 7
AR 074505
DI 10.1063/1.2990003
PG 7
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 361KC
UT WOS:000260125500144
ER
PT J
AU Dunion, JP
Marron, CS
AF Dunion, Jason P.
Marron, Christopher S.
TI A Reexamination of the Jordan Mean Tropical Sounding Based on Awareness
of the Saharan Air Layer: Results from 2002
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID CYCLONE; ATLANTIC
AB The Jordan mean tropical sounding has provided a benchmark for representing the climatology of the tropical North Atlantic and Caribbean Sea since 1958. However, recent studies of the Saharan air layer (SAL) have suggested that the tropical atmosphere in these oceanic regions may contain two distinct soundings (SAL and non-SAL) with differing thermodynamic and kinematic structures and that a single mean sounding like Jordan's does not effectively represent these differences. This work addresses this possibility by examining over 750 rawinsondes from the tropical North Atlantic Ocean and Caribbean Sea during the 2002 hurricane season. It was found that a two-peak bimodal moisture distribution (dry SAL and moist non-SAL) exists in this region and that the Jordan sounding does not represent either distribution particularly well. Additionally, SAL soundings exhibited higher values of geopotential height, unique temperature profiles, and stronger winds (with an enhanced easterly component) compared to the moist tropical non-SAL soundings. The results of this work suggest that the Jordan mean tropical sounding may need to be updated to provide a more robust depiction of the thermodynamics and kinematics that exist in the tropical North Atlantic Ocean and Caribbean Sea during the hurricane season.
C1 [Dunion, Jason P.] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Hurricane Res Div, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Dunion, Jason P.] Univ Miami, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Miami, FL USA.
[Marron, Christopher S.] USAF Acad, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
RP Dunion, JP (reprint author), NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Hurricane Res Div, 4301 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM jason.dunion@noaa.gov
RI Dunion, Jason/B-1352-2014
OI Dunion, Jason/0000-0001-7489-0569
NR 12
TC 45
Z9 46
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 21
IS 20
BP 5242
EP 5253
DI 10.1175/2008JCLI1868.1
PG 12
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 359TY
UT WOS:000260012200005
ER
PT J
AU Usadi, RS
Groll, JM
Lessey, BA
Lininger, RA
Zaino, RJ
Fritz, MA
Young, SL
AF Usadi, Rebecca S.
Groll, Jeremy M.
Lessey, Bruce A.
Lininger, Ruth A.
Zaino, Richard J.
Fritz, Marc A.
Young, Steven L.
TI Endometrial development and function in experimentally induced luteal
phase deficiency
SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
LA English
DT Article
ID HUMAN CHORIONIC-GONADOTROPIN; MENSTRUAL-CYCLE; CORPUS-LUTEUM;
PROGESTERONE RESISTANCE; UTERINE RECEPTIVITY; EMBRYO-TRANSFER; FERTILE
WOMEN; WINDOW; HYPOBETALIPOPROTEINEMIA; ABETALIPOPROTEINEMIA
AB Context: It is generally assumed that delayed endometrial development observed in luteal phase deficiency (LPD) is the result of abnormally low progesterone (P) levels. This hypothesis has never been tested by direct experiment.
Objective: Our objective was to evaluate the effects of P concentrations on human endometrium.
Design and Setting: A randomized trial was conducted at an academic medical center.
Subjects: Twenty-nine healthy, ovulatory 18- to 35-yr-old women participated.
Intervention: Endometrial samples were obtained from women in natural cycles and two groups of experimentally modeled cycles. Women undergoing modeled cycles were treated with GnRH agonist and a fixed physiological dose of transdermal estradiol, followed by randomization to 10 or 40 mg daily im P administration to achieve either normal circulating luteal P or 4-fold lower P concentrations, the latter representing an experimental model of LPD.
Main Outcome Measures: Tissue specimens, obtained after 10 days of P exposure, were analyzed by histological dating, immunohistochemistry, immunoblot, and real-time quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR).
Results: Histological dating of endometrium, immunohistochemistry for endometrial integrins, and qRT-PCR analysis for nine putative functional markers showed no differences between the three groups. Preliminary data from Western analysis suggest that some proteins may be affected by low serum P concentrations.
Conclusions: Histological endometrial dating does not reflect circulating P concentrations and cannot serve as a reliable bioassay of the quality of luteal function. Assessment of selected functional markers by either immunohistochemistry or qRT-PCR is similarly insensitive to decreased circulating P. Preliminary evidence suggests that abnormally low luteal phase serum P concentrations may have important functional consequences not otherwise detected.
C1 [Usadi, Rebecca S.] Carolinas Med Ctr, Div Reprod Endocrinol & Infertil, Charlotte, NC 28232 USA.
[Groll, Jeremy M.] USAF, Med Ctr, Div Reprod Endocrinol & Infertil, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
[Lessey, Bruce A.] Greenville Gen Hosp, Div Reprod Endocrinol & Infertil, Greenville, SC 29605 USA.
[Lininger, Ruth A.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Pathol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
[Fritz, Marc A.; Young, Steven L.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Reprod Endocrinol & Fertil, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
[Zaino, Richard J.] Penn State Univ, Milton S Hershey Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Hershey, PA 17033 USA.
RP Usadi, RS (reprint author), Carolinas Med Ctr, Div Reprod Endocrinol & Infertil, POB 32861, Charlotte, NC 28232 USA.
EM Rebecca.Usadi@carolinashealthcare.org
FU Nova Carta Foundation; Eunice Kennedy Shriver NICHD/NIH [U54HD035041-11]
FX Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Rebecca S.
Usadi, M. D., Carolinas Medical Center, Division of Reproductive
Endocrinology and Infertility, P. O. Box 32861, Charlotte, North
Carolina 28232-2861. E-mail: Rebecca. Usadi@carolinashealthcare.org.;
This work was supported by Nova Carta Foundation. This research was
supported by the Eunice Kennedy Shriver NICHD/NIH through cooperative
agreement U54HD035041-11 as part of the Specialized Cooperative Centers
Program in Reproduction and Infertility Research.; Disclosure Statement:
R.U., J.G., B.L., R.L., R.Z., and S.Y. have nothing to declare. M. F.
received grant support from Serono for prior research and royalties as a
textbook coauthor.
NR 29
TC 29
Z9 33
U1 1
U2 4
PU ENDOCRINE SOC
PI CHEVY CHASE
PA 8401 CONNECTICUT AVE, SUITE 900, CHEVY CHASE, MD 20815-5817 USA
SN 0021-972X
J9 J CLIN ENDOCR METAB
JI J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 93
IS 10
BP 4058
EP 4064
DI 10.1210/jc.2008-0460
PG 7
WC Endocrinology & Metabolism
SC Endocrinology & Metabolism
GA 358FY
UT WOS:000259903700058
PM 18647810
ER
PT J
AU Grimm, CJW
AF Grimm, Capt Jason Wade
TI SEPTEMBER 11TH
SO JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY NURSING
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Grimm, Capt Jason Wade] USAF, Lackland AFB, TX USA.
RP Grimm, CJW (reprint author), 13000 Vista Norte,1425, San Antonio, TX 78216 USA.
EM jasonwgrimm@aol.com
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0099-1767
J9 J EMERG NURS
JI J. Emerg. Nurs.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 34
IS 5
BP 447
EP 450
DI 10.1016/j.jen.2008.01.006
PG 4
WC Emergency Medicine; Nursing
SC Emergency Medicine; Nursing
GA 363MJ
UT WOS:000260271100013
ER
PT J
AU Roy, S
Singh, S
Schoeppner, GA
AF Roy, Samit
Singh, Sushil
Schoeppner, Gregory A.
TI Modeling of evolving damage in high temperature polymer matrix
composites subjected to thermal oxidation
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on Stretching the Endurance Boundary of
Composite Materials - Pushing the Performance Limit of Composite
Structures
CY SEP 23-28, 2007
CL Isl Madeira, PORTUGAL
SP EPSRC, NSF
ID GROWTH
AB This paper describes mechanism-based modeling of damage evolution in high temperature polymer matrix composites (HTPMC) under thermo-oxidative aging conditions. Specifically, a multi-scale model based on micro-mechanics analysis in conjunction with continuum damage mechanics (CDM) is developed to simulate the accelerated fiber-matrix debond growth in the longitudinal direction of a unidirectional HTPMC. Using this approach, one can relate the behavior of composites at the micro-level (representative volume element) to the macro-level (structural element) in a computationally tractable manner. Thermo-oxidative aging is simulated with diffusion-reaction model in which temperature, oxygen concentration, and weight loss effects are considered. For debond growth simulation, a model based on Darcy's laws for oxygen permeation in the fiber-matrix interface is employed, that, when coupled with polymer shrinkage, provides a mechanism for permeation-controlled debond growth in HTPMC. Benchmark of model prediction with experimental observations of oxidation layer growth is presented, together with a laminate thermo-oxidative life prediction model based on CDM to demonstrate proof-of-concept.
C1 [Roy, Samit; Singh, Sushil] Univ Alabama, Dept Aerosp Engn & Mech, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
[Schoeppner, Gregory A.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Struct Mat Branch MLBC, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Roy, S (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Aerosp Engn & Mech, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
EM sroy@eng.ua.edu
NR 17
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 3
U2 7
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0022-2461
J9 J MATER SCI
JI J. Mater. Sci.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 43
IS 20
BP 6651
EP 6660
DI 10.1007/s10853-008-2691-1
PG 10
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA 367AT
UT WOS:000260525600010
ER
PT J
AU Putthanarat, S
Tandon, GP
Schoeppner, GA
AF Putthanarat, S.
Tandon, G. P.
Schoeppner, G. A.
TI Influence of aging temperature, time, and environment on
thermo-oxidative behavior of PMR-15: nanomechanical characterization
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on Stretching the Endurance Boundary of
Composite Materials - Pushing the Performance Limit of Composite
Structures
CY SEP 23-28, 2007
CL Isl Madeira, PORTUGAL
SP EPSRC, NSF
ID SENSING INDENTATION EXPERIMENTS; MICRO-INDENTATION; NANO-INDENTATION;
ELASTIC-MODULUS; NANOINDENTATION; OXIDATION; COMPOSITES; POLYMERS;
HARDNESS; RESIN
AB A series of PMR-15 resin specimens were isothermally aged at 288, 316, and 343 degrees C over a range of time. For PMR-15 aged at 288 degrees C, the samples were also subjected to different aging environments including: ambient air, dry air, inert (argon), and pressurized air (0.414 MPa). Nanoindentation was performed to characterize localized mechanical properties as well as the development and growth of the oxidative layer. The measured increase in stiffness in the specimen surface oxidation layer is a manifestation of the chemical changes in the polymer occurring during oxidation. The average elastic modulus in the oxidized region is relatively insensitive to variations in aging temperature, time, and the environments. The thickness of the oxidative layer is observed to increase in the early stages of oxidation and the oxidation process eventually approaches an auto-retardation state. Aging under elevated pressure increases the thickness growth rate of the oxidation layer, while there is no significant difference in growth rate for specimens aged in dry air versus those aged in ambient air. It is shown that the measured average thickness of the oxidation layer and the transition region determined by the nanoindenter is in good agreement with optical microscopy measurements for all conditions considered.
C1 [Schoeppner, G. A.] USAF, Res Lab, RXBC, WPAFB, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
[Putthanarat, S.; Tandon, G. P.] Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
RP Schoeppner, GA (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, RXBC, WPAFB, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
EM Greg.Schoeppner@wpafb.af.mil
NR 26
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 3
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0022-2461
J9 J MATER SCI
JI J. Mater. Sci.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 43
IS 20
BP 6714
EP 6723
DI 10.1007/s10853-008-2800-1
PG 10
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA 367AT
UT WOS:000260525600017
ER
PT J
AU Ruggles-Wrenn, MB
Koutsoukos, P
Baek, SS
AF Ruggles-Wrenn, M. B.
Koutsoukos, P.
Baek, S. S.
TI Effects of environment on creep behavior of two oxide/oxide
ceramic-matrix composites at 1200 degrees C
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on Stretching the Endurance Boundary of
Composite Materials - Pushing the Performance Limit of Composite
Structures
CY SEP 23-28, 2007
CL Isl Madeira, PORTUGAL
SP EPSRC, NSF
ID TEMPERATURE MECHANICAL-BEHAVIOR; MULLITE/ALUMINA MIXTURES;
CRACK-PROPAGATION; STRESS-CORROSION; STATIC FATIGUE; FRACTURE; GLASS;
EXPOSURE; DESIGN; GROWTH
AB The tensile creep behavior of two oxide/oxide ceramic-matrix composites (CMCs) was investigated at 1200 degrees C in laboratory air, in steam, and in argon. The composites consist of a porous oxide matrix reinforced with laminated, woven mullite/alumina (Nextel (TM) 720) fibers, have no interface between the fiber and matrix, and rely on the porous matrix for flaw tolerance. The matrix materials were alumina and aluminosilicate. The tensile stress-strain behavior was investigated and the tensile properties were measured at 1200 degrees C. Tensile creep behavior of both CMCs was examined for creep stresses in the 80-150 MPa range. Creep run-out defined as 100 h at creep stress was achieved in air and in argon for stress levels <= 100 MPa for both composites. The retained strength and modulus of all specimens that achieved run-out were evaluated. The presence of steam accelerated creep rates and reduced creep life of both CMCs. In the case of the composite with the aluminosilicate matrix, no-load exposure in steam at 1200 degrees C caused severe degradation of tensile strength. Composite microstructure, as well as damage and failure mechanisms were investigated. Poor creep performance of both composites in steam is attributed to the degradation of the fibers and densification of the matrix. Results indicate that the aluminosilicate matrix is considerably more susceptible to densification and coarsening of the porosity than the alumina matrix.
C1 [Ruggles-Wrenn, M. B.; Koutsoukos, P.] USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Baek, S. S.] Agcy Def Dev, Taejon 300600, South Korea.
RP Ruggles-Wrenn, MB (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM marina.ruggles-wrenn@afit.edu
RI Ruggles-Wrenn, Marina/J-6103-2014
NR 41
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 2
U2 9
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0022-2461
J9 J MATER SCI
JI J. Mater. Sci.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 43
IS 20
BP 6734
EP 6746
DI 10.1007/s10853-008-2784-x
PG 13
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA 367AT
UT WOS:000260525600019
ER
PT J
AU Lair, AV
AF Lair, Alan V.
TI Large solutions of mixed sublinear/superlinear elliptic equations
SO JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICAL ANALYSIS AND APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE entire solution; large solution; elliptic equation; sublinear;
superlinear
ID EXISTENCE
AB We consider the equation Delta u = p(chi)u(alpha) +q(chi)u(beta) on R-N (N >= 3) where p, q are nonnegative continuous functions and 0 < alpha <= beta . We establish conditions sufficient to ensure the existence and nonexistence of nonnegative entire large solutions of the equation. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Math & Stat, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Lair, AV (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Math & Stat, ENC,2950 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM alan.lair@afit.edu
NR 16
TC 7
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 0
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0022-247X
J9 J MATH ANAL APPL
JI J. Math. Anal. Appl.
PD OCT 1
PY 2008
VL 346
IS 1
BP 99
EP 106
DI 10.1016/j.jmaa.2008.05.047
PG 8
WC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics
SC Mathematics
GA 320EI
UT WOS:000257216100011
ER
PT J
AU Shah, SR
Chokshi, AH
Raj, R
AF Shah, Sandeep R.
Chokshi, Atul H.
Raj, Rishi
TI Porous Al(2)O(3)-Spinel Based Polycrystals That Resist Free-Sintering
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID POWDER COMPACTS; GRAIN-GROWTH; ALUMINA; DEFORMATION
AB We show that increasing MgO content in Al(2)O(3) from 0.25 to 10 wt% has a remarkable effect on the sintering behavior. While 0.25 wt% specimens sinter to near full density, the higher weight percent sample could be sintered to a maximum of 92% relative density even when held for 24 h at 1673 K. The resistance of the pores to sintering is ascribed to a reduction in the driving force for sintering (rather than to kinetics). The volume fraction of the pores increases with the fraction of the spinel phase, which forms by a reaction between magnesia and alumina. These findings raise the promise of membranes that can be tailored for pore size and pore volume, for high temperature applications.
C1 [Raj, Rishi] Univ Colorado, Dept Mech Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Shah, Sandeep R.] USAF Acad, Dept Engn Mech, CAStLE, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
[Chokshi, Atul H.] Indian Inst Sci, Dept Mat Engn, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India.
RP Raj, R (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Mech Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM rishi.raj@colorado.edu
OI RAJ, RISHI/0000-0001-8556-9797
FU Department of Science and Technology, India; Division of Materials
Research at the National Science Foundation; University of Colorado by
the Council of Research and Creative Work
FX This research was supported by the Department of Science and Technology,
India, and by the Division of Materials Research at the National Science
Foundation, and by the University of Colorado by the Council of Research
and Creative Work through a Faculty Fellowship program.
NR 12
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0002-7820
J9 J AM CERAM SOC
JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 91
IS 10
BP 3451
EP 3454
DI 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2008.02622.x
PG 4
WC Materials Science, Ceramics
SC Materials Science
GA 359FQ
UT WOS:000259972200062
ER
PT J
AU Peale, RE
Lopatiuk, O
Cleary, J
Santos, S
Henderson, J
Clark, D
Chernyak, L
Winningham, TA
Del Barco, E
Heinrich, H
Buchwald, WR
AF Peale, R. E.
Lopatiuk, O.
Cleary, J.
Santos, S.
Henderson, J.
Clark, D.
Chernyak, L.
Winningham, T. A.
Del Barco, E.
Heinrich, H.
Buchwald, W. R.
TI Propagation of high-frequency surface plasmons on gold
SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID ENERGY-LOSS-SPECTROSCOPY; OPTICAL-CONSTANTS; FAST ELECTRONS;
NOBLE-METALS; EMISSION; FILMS
AB Propagation of surface plasmons on gold in the range 2.8-3.5 eV over 0.1-1.6 mu m distances was characterized by cathodoluminescence spectroscopy. Surface plasmons were excited by an electron beam near a grating milled in the gold. The spectra of outcoupled radiation reveal increasingly strong propagation losses as surface plasmon energy increases above 2.8 eV, but little effect in the range 1.6-2.8 eV. These results are in partial agreement with theoretical expectations. (C) 2008 Optical Society of America
C1 [Peale, R. E.; Lopatiuk, O.; Cleary, J.; Santos, S.; Henderson, J.; Clark, D.; Chernyak, L.; Winningham, T. A.; Del Barco, E.; Heinrich, H.] Univ Cent Florida, Dept Phys, Orlando, FL 32816 USA.
[Peale, R. E.] Univ Cent Florida, CREOL, Coll Opt & Photon, Orlando, FL 32816 USA.
[Heinrich, H.] Univ Cent Florida, AMPAC, Orlando, FL 32816 USA.
[Buchwald, W. R.] USAF, Res Lab, Optoelect Technol Branch, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
RP Peale, RE (reprint author), Univ Cent Florida, Dept Phys, Orlando, FL 32816 USA.
EM peale@mail.ucf.edu
RI Tirpak, Olena/H-3163-2011
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research Task [06SN05COR]; Air Force
Research Laboratory [FA871806C0076]
FX The authors acknowledge funding for this work provided by the Air Force
Office of Scientific Research Task 06SN05COR and Air Force Research
Laboratory contract FA871806C0076.
NR 21
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 4
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0740-3224
EI 1520-8540
J9 J OPT SOC AM B
JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 25
IS 10
BP 1708
EP 1713
DI 10.1364/JOSAB.25.001708
PG 6
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 366TN
UT WOS:000260506400021
ER
PT J
AU Sun, G
Khurgin, JB
Soref, RA
AF Sun, G.
Khurgin, J. B.
Soref, R. A.
TI Plasmonic light-emission enhancement with isolated metal nanoparticles
and their coupled arrays
SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID SURFACE
AB We present a systematic study of the enhancement of radiative efficiency of light-emitting matter achieved by proximity to metal nanoparticles. Our goal is to ascertain the limits of the attainable enhancement. Two separate arrangements of metal nanoparticles are studied, namely isolated particles and an array of particles. The method of analysis is based on the effective mode volume theory. Using the example of an InGaN/GaN quantum-well active region positioned in close proximity to Ag nanospheres, we obtain optimal parameters for the nanoparticles for maximum attainable enhancement. Our results show that while the enhancement due to isolated metal nanoparticles is significant, only modest enhancement can be achieved with an ordered array. We further conclude that a random assembly of isolated particles holds an advantage over the ordered arrays for light-emitting devices of finite area. (C) 2008 Optical Society of America
C1 [Sun, G.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02125 USA.
[Khurgin, J. B.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Soref, R. A.] USAF, Res Lab, Sensors Directorote, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
RP Sun, G (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02125 USA.
EM greg.sun@umb.edu
RI khurgin, Jacob/A-3278-2010
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research
FX The authors thank the Air Force Office of Scientific Research for
support of this work.
NR 16
TC 44
Z9 44
U1 2
U2 19
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0740-3224
J9 J OPT SOC AM B
JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 25
IS 10
BP 1748
EP 1755
DI 10.1364/JOSAB.25.001748
PG 8
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 366TN
UT WOS:000260506400026
ER
PT J
AU Kota, KM
Chow, LC
Du, J
Kapat, JS
Leland, Q
Harris, R
AF Kota, Krishna M.
Chow, Louis C.
Du, Jianhua
Kapat, Jayanta S.
Leland, Quinn
Harris, Richard
TI Design of a Dual Latent Heat Sink for Pulsed Electronic Systems
SO JOURNAL OF THERMOPHYSICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
LA English
DT Article
ID STORAGE; EXCHANGER; MODES
AB A conceptual design of a dual latent heat sink basically intended for low thermal duty cycle electronic heat sink applications is presented. In addition to the concept, end-application-dependent criteria to select an optimized design for this dual latent heat sink are presented. A thermal resistance model has been developed to analyze and optimize the design, which would also serve as a fast design tool for experiments. The model showed that it is possible to have a dual latent heat sink design capable of handling 7 MJ of thermal load at a heat flux of 500 W/cm(2) (over an area of 100 cm(2)) with a volume of 0.072 m(3) and a weight of about 57.5 kg. It was also found that, with such high heat flux absorption capability, the proposed conceptual design can have a vapor-to-condenser temperature difference of less than 10 degrees C with a volume storage density of 97 MJ/m(3) and a mass storage density of 0.122 MJ/kg.
C1 [Kota, Krishna M.; Chow, Louis C.; Du, Jianhua; Kapat, Jayanta S.] Univ Cent Florida, Orlando, FL 32816 USA.
[Leland, Quinn] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Harris, Richard] Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
FU Universal Technology Corporation, Dayton, Ohio
FX The authors wish to sincerely thank Michele Puterbaugh, the program
manager at Universal Technology Corporation, Dayton, Ohio, for funding
the work.
NR 21
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0887-8722
J9 J THERMOPHYS HEAT TR
JI J. Thermophys. Heat Transf.
PD OCT-DEC
PY 2008
VL 22
IS 4
BP 572
EP 580
DI 10.2514/1.34998
PG 9
WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Thermodynamics; Engineering
GA 361PQ
UT WOS:000260140000004
ER
PT J
AU Riey, GF
Warren, JL
Potosky, AL
Klabunde, CN
Harlan, LC
Osswald, MB
AF Riey, Gerald F.
Warren, Joan L.
Potosky, Arnold L.
Klabunde, Carrie N.
Harlan, Linda C.
Osswald, Michael B.
TI Comparison of Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment in Medicare Fee-for-Service
and Managed Care Plans
SO MEDICAL CARE
LA English
DT Article
DE managed care; cancer diagnosis; cancer treatment; Medicare
ID STAGE BREAST-CANCER; ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; LOCALIZED
PROSTATE-CANCER; QUALITY-OF-LIFE; RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY;
COLORECTAL-CANCER; RADIATION-THERAPY; COLON-CANCER; HEALTH-CARE; HMO
SETTINGS
AB Objective: To compare the Medicare managed care(MC) and fee-for-service (FFS) sectors on stage at diagnosis and treatment patterns for prostate, female breast, and colorectal cancers, and no examine patterns across MC plans.
Data: Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results-Medicare linked data.
Methods: Among cases diagnosed at ages 65-79 between 1998 and 2002, we selected all MC enrollees (n = 42,467) and beneficiaries in FFS (n = 82,998) who resided in the same counties. MC and FFS samples were compared using logistic regression, adjusting for demographic, geographic and clinical covariates.
Results: The percentage of late stage cases was similar in MC and FFS for prostate and colorectal cancers; there were slightly fewer late stage breast cancer cases in MC after adjustment (7.3% vs. 8.5%, P < 0.001). Within MC, radical prostatectomy was performed less frequently for clinically localized prostate cancer (18.3% vs 22.4%, P < 0.0001), and 12 or more lymph nodes were examined less often for resected colon cancer cases (40.9% vs 43.0%, P < 0.05). Treatment patterns for early stage breast cancer were similar in MC and FFS. Analyses of treatment patterns at the individual plan level revealed significant variation among plans, as well as within the FFS sector, for all 3 types of cancer.
Conclusions: On average, there are few significant differences in cancer diagnosis and treatment MC and FFS. Such comparisons, however mask the wide variability among MC plans, as well as FFS providers. Observed variation in patterns of care may be related to patient selection, but can potentially lead to outcome differences. These findings support the need for quality measures toe evaluate plan practices and performance.
C1 [Riey, Gerald F.] Ctr Medicare, Off Res Dev & Informat, Baltimore, MD 21244 USA.
[Riey, Gerald F.] Ctr Medicaid Serv, Baltimore, MD 21244 USA.
[Warren, Joan L.; Potosky, Arnold L.; Klabunde, Carrie N.; Harlan, Linda C.] NCI, Appl Res Program, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
[Osswald, Michael B.] USAF, San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, Dept Med, Lackland AFB, TX USA.
RP Riey, GF (reprint author), Ctr Medicare, Off Res Dev & Informat, 7500 Secur Blvd,Mail Stop C3-21-27, Baltimore, MD 21244 USA.
EM Gerald.riley@cms.hhs.gov
NR 50
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 3
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0025-7079
J9 MED CARE
JI Med. Care
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 46
IS 10
BP 1108
EP 1115
PG 8
WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public,
Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health
GA 358IF
UT WOS:000259909700018
ER
PT J
AU Cieslak, TJ
Rajnik, M
Roscelli, JD
AF Cieslak, Theodore J.
Rajnik, Michael
Roscelli, John D.
TI Immunization against Haemophilus influenzae Type B Fails to Prevent
Orbital and Facial Cellulitis: Results of a 25-Year Study among Military
Children
SO MILITARY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; CONJUGATE VACCINE; DISEASE; FINLAND; HIB
AB Vaccines against Haemophilus influenzae type B (HI) and Streptococcus pneumoniae (SP) have dramatically reduced the incidence of bacterial meningitis (due to both HI and SP) and epiglottitis (due to HI) in childhood. The effects of these vaccines on other conditions, however, are less clear. We report an analysis of the effect of serial deployment of various HI and SP vaccines over a 25-year period, involving an examination of: over half a million pediatric hospitalizations Occurring in Army hospitals worldwide. We show that, in marked contrast to the reduction in the number of meningitis and epiglottitis cases, the disease burden of orbital and facial cellulitis-conditions oft attributed to HI and SP-did not diminish.
C1 [Cieslak, Theodore J.; Rajnik, Michael; Roscelli, John D.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio Mil Pediat Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
RP Cieslak, TJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, COTPER, MS D-44, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM TRCO@cdc.gov
NR 16
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US
PI BETHESDA
PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0026-4075
J9 MIL MED
JI Milit. Med.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 173
IS 10
BP 941
EP 944
PG 4
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 360ZJ
UT WOS:000260097000002
PM 19160609
ER
PT J
AU Beesley, RD
Robinson, RD
Stewart, TL
AF Beesley, Ronald D.
Robinson, Randal D.
Stewart, Theresa L.
TI Two Successful Vaginal Births after Cesarean Section in a Patient with
Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome Who Was Treated with
1-Deamino-8-Arginine-Vasopression during Labor
SO MILITARY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID PLATELET-FUNCTION; ALBINISM; DISEASE
AB We describe the obstetric management for a patient with Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS) and a previous cesarean delivery. The disease is characterized by oculocutaneous albinism, platelet storage dysfunction, and lipofuscin deposits in the reticuloendothelial system. Patients with the disorder are at high risk for major morbidity secondary to bleeding complications. The patient was a 22-year-old military Spouse from Puerto Rico with HPS and a history of severe hemorrhage during cesarean delivery of her first child. In this report, we discuss the pathophysiologic features of HPS and the prophylactic administration of 1-deamino-8-arginine-vasopression during labor to minimize blood loss.
C1 [Beesley, Ronald D.] Univ Vermont, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Burlington, VT 05401 USA.
[Robinson, Randal D.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
[Stewart, Theresa L.] Texas Perinatal Grp, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA.
RP Beesley, RD (reprint author), Univ Vermont, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Burlington, VT 05401 USA.
NR 8
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US
PI BETHESDA
PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0026-4075
J9 MIL MED
JI Milit. Med.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 173
IS 10
BP 1048
EP 1049
PG 2
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 360ZJ
UT WOS:000260097000022
PM 19160629
ER
PT J
AU Kim, MJ
Chatterjee, S
Kim, SM
Stach, EA
Bradley, MG
Pender, MJ
Sneddon, LG
Maruyama, B
AF Kim, Myung Jong
Chatterjee, Shahana
Kim, Seung Min
Stach, Eric A.
Bradley, Mark G.
Pender, Mark J.
Sneddon, Larry G.
Maruyama, Benji
TI Double-Walled Boron Nitride Nanotubes Grown by Floating Catalyst
Chemical Vapor Deposition
SO NANO LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID CARBON NANOTUBES; BN NANOTUBES; STABILITY
AB One-dimensional nanostructures exhibit quantum confinement which leads to unique electronic properties, making them attractive as the active elements for nanoscale electronic devices. Boron nitride nanotubes are of particular interest since, unlike carbon nanotubes, all chiralities are semiconducting. Here, we report a synthesis based on the use of low pressures of the molecular precursor borazine in conjunction with a floating nickelocene catalyst that resulted in the formation of double-walled boron nitride nanotubes. As has been shown for carbon nanotube production, the floating catalyst chemical vapor deposition method has the potential for creating high quality boron nitride nanostructures with high production volumes.
C1 [Kim, Myung Jong; Pender, Mark J.; Maruyama, Benji] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Kim, Myung Jong; Chatterjee, Shahana; Bradley, Mark G.; Sneddon, Larry G.] Univ Penn, Dept Chem, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Kim, Myung Jong] Universal Technol Corp, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
[Kim, Seung Min; Stach, Eric A.] Purdue Univ, Sch Mat Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Kim, Seung Min; Stach, Eric A.] Purdue Univ, Birck Nanotechnol Ctr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
RP Maruyama, B (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, 2941 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM lsneddon@sas.upenn.edu; Benji.Maruyama@wpafb.af.mil
RI Maruyama, Benji/E-3634-2010; Stach, Eric/D-8545-2011
OI Stach, Eric/0000-0002-3366-2153
FU AFOSR, Air Force Office of Scientific Research [F33615-03-D-5801]; Army
Research Office
FX Authors gratefully acknowledge support from the AFOSR, Air Force Office
of Scientific Research through the UTC contract (Collaborative Research
and Development (CR&D) F33615-03-D-5801). S.M.K and E.A.S. acknowledge
additional support from the Army Research Office.
NR 26
TC 42
Z9 42
U1 1
U2 21
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1530-6984
J9 NANO LETT
JI Nano Lett.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 8
IS 10
BP 3298
EP 3302
DI 10.1021/nl8016835
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA 358HD
UT WOS:000259906800041
PM 18788828
ER
PT J
AU Robinson, B
Gary, GA
Balasubramaniam, KS
AF Robinson, Brian
Gary, G. Allen
Balasubramaniam, K. S.
TI Evolution strategies optimization of the multiple Fabry-Perot imaging
interferometer for the advanced technology solar telescope
SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE optical design; evolutionary computation; Fabry-Perot etalons; solar
astronomy instrumentation
AB We describe an evolutionary algorithm for the design of an imaging triple-etalon Fabry-Perot interferometer (MFPI), which gives a solution to the multidimensional minimization process through a stochastic search method. The interactions between design variables (the etalon reflectances, interetalon ghost attenuator transmittances, and spacing ratios) are complex, resulting in a fitness landscape that is pitted with local optima. Traditional least-squares and gradient descent algorithms are not useful in such a situation. Instead, we employ a method called evolution strategies in which several preliminary designs are randomly generated subject to constraints. These designs are combined in pairs to produce offspring designs. The offspring population is mutated randomly, and only the fittest designs of the combined population are passed to the next iteration of the evolutionary process. We discuss the evolution strategies method itself, as well as its application to the specific problem of the design of an incoherently coupled triple-etalon interferometer intended for use as a focal plane instrument in the planned National Solar Observatory's Advanced Technology Solar Telescope (NSO's ATST). The algorithm converges quickly to a reasonable design that is well within the constraints imposed on the design variables, and which fulfills all resolution, signal-to-noise, throughput, and parasitic band suppression requirements. (C) 2008 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. [DOI: 10.1117/1.3002337]
C1 [Robinson, Brian] Univ Alabama, Ctr Appl Opt, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA.
[Robinson, Brian] Univ Alabama, ATST Project Natl Solar Observ, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA.
[Gary, G. Allen] Univ Alabama, Ctr Space Plasma & Aeron Res, Natl Space Sci & Technol Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA.
[Balasubramaniam, K. S.] USAF, Air Force Res Lab, Sunspot, NM 88349 USA.
RP Robinson, B (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Ctr Appl Opt, 301 Sparkman Dr,Opt Bldg Room 400, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA.
EM robinsob@uah.edu
RI Robinson, Brian/A-7805-2009
FU National Solar Observatory; University of Alabama in Huntsville
FX This work was supported by the National Solar Observatory and the
University of Alabama in Huntsville.
NR 11
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPIE-SOC PHOTOPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA
SN 0091-3286
J9 OPT ENG
JI Opt. Eng.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 47
IS 10
AR 103002
DI 10.1117/1.3002337
PG 9
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 377RE
UT WOS:000261267500005
ER
PT J
AU Robinson, BC
Athwal, GS
Sanchez-Sotelo, J
Rispoli, DM
AF Robinson, Ben C.
Athwal, George S.
Sanchez-Sotelo, Joaquin
Rispoli, Damian M.
TI Classification and Imaging of Proximal Humerus Fractures
SO ORTHOPEDIC CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID NEER-CLASSIFICATION; INTEROBSERVER VARIATION; PLAIN RADIOGRAPHS; 4-PART
FRACTURES; HEAD; REPRODUCIBILITY; SYSTEM; SHOULDER; CT; DISLOCATIONS
AB The decision to operate and the selection of the appropriate surgical modality for proximal humerus fractures are largely based on the fracture pattern. Understanding the particular fracture pattern in each case is complicated. Most well-accepted classification systems were developed based on radiographs complemented by intraoperative findings. Three-dimensional reconstructions based on CT currently available in most institutions allow a much better understanding of complex fractures. Modern thinking about fracture classification probably should be revisited in the light of improved imaging techniques.
C1 [Robinson, Ben C.; Rispoli, Damian M.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
[Athwal, George S.] Univ Western Ontario, St Josephs Hlth Care, Hand & Upper Limb Ctr, London, ON N6A 4L6, Canada.
[Sanchez-Sotelo, Joaquin] Mayo Clin, Rochester, MN 55905 USA.
[Rispoli, Damian M.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, F Edward Hebert Sch Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
RP Rispoli, DM (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed, 2200 Bergquist Dr,Suite 1, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
EM damian.rispoli@lackland.af.mil
NR 49
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 0
PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA
SN 0030-5898
J9 ORTHOP CLIN N AM
JI Orthop. Clin. North Am.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 39
IS 4
BP 393
EP 403
DI 10.1016/j.ocl.2008.05.002
PG 11
WC Orthopedics
SC Orthopedics
GA 363SX
UT WOS:000260288200002
PM 18803970
ER
PT J
AU Mann, CR
Baldwin, RO
Kharoufeh, JP
Mullins, BE
AF Mann, Christopher R.
Baldwin, Rusty O.
Kharoufeh, Jeffrey P.
Mullins, Barry E.
TI A queueing approach to optimal resource replication in wireless sensor
networks
SO PERFORMANCE EVALUATION
LA English
DT Article
DE resource replication; search algorithms; wireless sensor networks
ID LARGE-SCALE
AB We develop a queueing model for analyzing resource replication strategies in wireless sensor networks. The model can be used to minimize either the total transmission rate of the network (an energy-centric approach) or to ensure the proportion of query failures does not exceed a predetermined threshold (a failure-centric approach). The model explicitly considers the limited availability of network resources, as well as the frequency of resource requests and query deadlines, to determine the optimal replication strategy for a network resource. While insufficient resource replication increases query failures and transmission rates, replication levels beyond the optimum result in only marginal decreases in the proportion of query failures at a cost of higher total energy expenditure and network traffic. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Mann, Christopher R.; Baldwin, Rusty O.; Mullins, Barry E.] USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Kharoufeh, Jeffrey P.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Ind Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA.
RP Baldwin, RO (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 2950 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM christopher.mann@afit.edu; rusty.baldwin@afit.edu; jkharouf@pitt.edu;
barry.mullins@afit.edu
NR 25
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0166-5316
EI 1872-745X
J9 PERFORM EVALUATION
JI Perform. Eval.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 65
IS 10
BP 689
EP 700
DI 10.1016/j.peva.2008.03.002
PG 12
WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory &
Methods
SC Computer Science
GA 355NA
UT WOS:000259714400001
ER
PT J
AU Pradipta, R
Cohen, JA
Lee, MC
Labno, A
Burton, LM
Riddolls, RJ
Batishchev, OV
Coster, AJ
Burke, WJ
Starks, MJ
Sulzer, MP
Kuo, SP
AF Pradipta, R.
Cohen, J. A.
Lee, M. C.
Labno, A.
Burton, L. M.
Riddolls, R. J.
Batishchev, O. V.
Coster, A. J.
Burke, W. J.
Starks, M. J.
Sulzer, M. P.
Kuo, S. P.
TI Space plasma disturbances caused by NAU-launched whistler waves
SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 1st International Conference on Turbulent Mixing and Beyond
CY AUG 18-26, 2007
CL Abdus Salam Int Ctr Theoret Phys, Trieste, ITALY
HO Abdus Salam Int Ctr Theoret Phys
ID LOWER-HYBRID WAVES; ELECTRON-PRECIPITATION; VLF TRANSMISSIONS; RADIATION
BELT; IRREGULARITIES; ARECIBO; SIGNALS; HEATER
AB Radio signals from Naval (NAU) transmitter in Puerto Rico can interact effectively with naturally occurring or HF heater wave-induced large-scale ionospheric irregularities, allowing them to propagate as whistler-modes in the ionosphere and to the inner radiation belts. NAU-generated whistler-modes have intensities sufficient to parametrically excite lower hybrid waves and ten-meter and meter-scale ionospheric irregularities over Arecibo. Subsequent heating of electrons and ions by the lower hybrid waves yield a sequence of ionospheric plasma effects such as airglow, short-scale density depletion and plasma line enhancements in a range of altitudes which far exceed that caused by the HF heater. Furthermore, they can interact with trapped energetic electrons in inner radiation belts at L = 1.35 and trigger precipitation of electrons into the lower ionosphere. We suggest that disturbances in the ionosphere above NAU caused by whistler-mode signals can significantly affect heater-induced perturbations and partially explain unique results obtained at other heater sites.
C1 [Pradipta, R.; Cohen, J. A.; Lee, M. C.; Labno, A.; Burton, L. M.; Riddolls, R. J.; Batishchev, O. V.; Coster, A. J.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Lee, M. C.] Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
[Burke, W. J.; Starks, M. J.] USAF, Res Lab, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
[Sulzer, M. P.] Arecibo Observ, Arecibo, PR 00612 USA.
[Kuo, S. P.] Polytech Univ, Brooklyn, NY 11201 USA.
RP Pradipta, R (reprint author), MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
EM mclee@mit.edu
NR 21
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 3
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0031-8949
J9 PHYS SCRIPTA
JI Phys. Scr.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL T132
AR 014031
DI 10.1088/0031-8949/2008/T132/014031
PG 9
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 396HU
UT WOS:000262583600032
ER
PT J
AU McClung, AJW
Ruggles-Wrenn, MB
AF McClung, A. J. W.
Ruggles-Wrenn, M. B.
TI The rate (time)-dependent mechanical behavior of the PMR-15 thermoset
polymer at elevated temperature
SO POLYMER TESTING
LA English
DT Article
DE PMR-15; Creep; Stress relaxation; Rate sensitivity; Viscoplasticity;
Viscoelasticity
ID NONLINEAR VISCOELASTIC BEHAVIOR; FREE-VOLUME THEORY; RELAXATION
BEHAVIOR; AMORPHOUS POLYMERS; MATRIX COMPOSITES; ROOM-TEMPERATURE;
CREEP-BEHAVIOR; POLYCARBONATE; WEIGHT; STEEL
AB The inelastic deformation behavior of PMR-15 neat resin, a high-temperature thermoset polymer, was investigated at 288 degrees C. The experimental program was designed to explore the influence of strain rate on tensile loading, unloading, and strain recovery behavior. In addition, the effect of the prior strain rate on the relaxation response of the material, as well as on the creep behavior following strain-controlled loading were examined. The material exhibits positive, nonlinear strain rate sensitivity in monotonic loading. Nonlinear, "curved" stress-strain behavior during unloading is observed at all strain rates. The recovery of strain at zero stress is strongly affected by prior strain rate. The prior strain rate also has a profound influence on relaxation behavior. The rest stresses measured at the termination of relaxation tests form the relaxation boundary which resembles a nonlinear stress-strain curve. Likewise, creep response is significantly influenced by prior strain rate. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [McClung, A. J. W.; Ruggles-Wrenn, M. B.] USAF, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Ruggles-Wrenn, MB (reprint author), USAF, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM marina.ruggles-wrenn@afit.edu
RI Ruggles-Wrenn, Marina/J-6103-2014
NR 30
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 12
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0142-9418
EI 1873-2348
J9 POLYM TEST
JI Polym. Test
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 27
IS 7
BP 908
EP 914
DI 10.1016/j.polymertesting.2008.07.007
PG 7
WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Polymer Science
SC Materials Science; Polymer Science
GA 358TX
UT WOS:000259941500018
ER
PT J
AU Holt, DT
Jung, HH
AF Holt, Daniel T.
Jung, Hee-Hyong
TI DEVELOPMENT OF A KOREAN VERSION OF A CORE SELF-EVALUATIONS SCALE
SO PSYCHOLOGICAL REPORTS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Annual Meeting of the Southern-Management-Association
CY 2007
CL Nashville, TN
SP SE Management Assoc
ID EXPLORATORY FACTOR-ANALYSIS; LIFE SATISFACTION; JOB-SATISFACTION;
PERSONALITY
AB The present Study tested a scale which measures core self-evaluation and was applied to two samples of Korean military members (Sample 1 N 181; Sample 2 N=280). Analysis indicated that seven items of the original 12-item scale developed by judge, Erez, Bono, and Thoresen loaded on one factor and were internally consistent. Moreover, scores were correlated, is expected, with the four core traits which have been used as indirect measures of core self-evaluations (viz., self-esteem, generalized self-efficacy, neuroticism, and locus of control), as well as affect and job satisfaction. In sum, results Suggest that core self-evaluation can be measured validly in an Eastern culture, and the results should serve as a basis for extending this research in an international setting.
C1 [Holt, Daniel T.] USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Syst & Engn Management, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Holt, DT (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Syst & Engn Management, 2950 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM daniel.holt@afit.edu
NR 23
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 4
PU AMMONS SCIENTIFIC, LTD
PI MISSOULA
PA PO BOX 9229, MISSOULA, MT 59807-9229 USA
SN 0033-2941
J9 PSYCHOL REP
JI Psychol. Rep.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 103
IS 2
BP 415
EP 425
DI 10.2466/PR0.103.2.415-425
PG 11
WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary
SC Psychology
GA 379NH
UT WOS:000261402800011
PM 19102465
ER
PT J
AU Branson, RD
Rodriquez, D
AF Branson, Richard D.
Rodriquez, Dario
TI Performance of Transport Ventilators
SO RESPIRATORY CARE
LA English
DT Letter
C1 [Branson, Richard D.] Univ Cincinnati, Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Div Trauma & Crit Care, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA.
[Rodriquez, Dario] USAF, Ctr Sustaintment Trauma Readiness Skills, Cincinnati, OH USA.
RP Branson, RD (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Div Trauma & Crit Care, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA.
NR 10
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU DAEDALUS ENTERPRISES INC
PI IRVING
PA 9425 N MAC ARTHUR BLVD, STE 100, IRVING, TX 75063-4706 USA
SN 0020-1324
J9 RESP CARE
JI Respir. Care
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 53
IS 10
BP 1372
EP 1373
PG 2
WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System
SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System
GA 359LT
UT WOS:000259988900020
PM 18812003
ER
PT J
AU Betancor, L
Luckarift, HR
AF Betancor, Lorena
Luckarift, Heather R.
TI Bioinspired enzyme encapsulation for biocatalysis
SO TRENDS IN BIOTECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
ID POLY-L-LYSINE; BIOMIMETIC SYNTHESIS; TEMPLATED SYNTHESIS;
BETA-GALACTOSIDASE; SYNTHESIZED SILICA; IN-VITRO; IMMOBILIZATION;
ENTRAPMENT; MORPHOLOGY; BIOSILICA
AB Biocatalysis exploits the versatility of enzymes to catalyse a variety of processes for the production of novel compounds and natural products. Enzyme immobilization enhances the stability and hence applicability of biomolecules as reusable and robust biocatalysts. Biomimetic mineralization reactions have emerged as a versatile tool for generating excellent supports for enzyme stabilization. The methodology utilizes biological templates and synthetic analogues to catalyse the formation of inorganic oxides. Such materials provide biocompatible environments for enzyme immobilization. The utility of the method is further enhanced by entraining and attaching encapsulated catalysts to a variety of supports. This review discusses biomimetic and bioinspired mineral formation as a technique for the immobilization of enzymes with potential application to a wealth of biocatalytic processes.
C1 [Luckarift, Heather R.] USAF, Res Lab, Tyndall AFB, FL 32403 USA.
[Betancor, Lorena] Univ Cambridge, Dept Biochem, Cambridge CB2 1GA, England.
RP Luckarift, HR (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, 139 Barnes Dr,Suite 2, Tyndall AFB, FL 32403 USA.
EM heather.luckarift.ctr@tyndall.af.mil
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research; Joint Science and Technology
Office and the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) Material Science
Directorate
FX Much of the work summarized herein is the result of fruitful
collaborations, and the authors acknowledge the researchers and
colleagues who have made this research possible. H.R.L. is an employee
of Universal Technology Corporation, Dayton, OH. This work has been
supported by funding from the Air Force Office of Scientific Research,
the Joint Science and Technology Office and the Air Force Research
Laboratory (AFRL) Material Science Directorate. The authors wish to
acknowledge Glenn R. Johnson (AFRL) and Jim C. Spain (Georgia Institute
of Technology) for many useful discussions.
NR 70
TC 177
Z9 183
U1 4
U2 108
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON
PI LONDON
PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND
SN 0167-7799
J9 TRENDS BIOTECHNOL
JI Trends Biotechnol.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 26
IS 10
BP 566
EP 572
DI 10.1016/j.tibtech.2008.06.009
PG 7
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
GA 358SV
UT WOS:000259938700007
PM 18757108
ER
PT J
AU Hu, JJ
Wheeler, R
Zabinski, JS
Shade, PA
Shiveley, A
Voevodin, AA
AF Hu, J. J.
Wheeler, R.
Zabinski, J. S.
Shade, P. A.
Shiveley, A.
Voevodin, A. A.
TI Transmission electron microscopy analysis of Mo-W-S-Se film sliding
contact obtained by using focused ion beam microscope and in situ
microtribometer
SO TRIBOLOGY LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE in situ microtribometer; focused ion beam microscope; transmission
electron microscopy; sliding contact; molybdenum sulfide; lubricant
film; pulsed laser deposition
ID CO-SPUTTERED COMPOSITES; SOLID LUBRICANT FILMS; TRIBOLOGICAL
PERFORMANCE; THIN-FILMS; MORPHOLOGICAL PROPERTIES; FRICTIONAL
PROPERTIES; WEAR BEHAVIOR; COATINGS; MECHANISM; MICROSTRUCTURE
AB To better understand the fundamentals of solid lubrication, microstructural analyses on the wear scar surface and contact interface of Mo-W-S-Se composite films produced by pulsed laser deposition were completed. Focused ion beam (FIB), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy were employed to study the cross-sectional microstructure and chemistry of wear scars. In particular, a novel microtribometer was built for in situ tribological measurements within a FIB microscope. The sliding tip was welded in contact to the wear scar surface on the film under load by re-deposition of sputtering materials from the FIB cut of the tip. Using this technique, cross-sectional TEM specimens were prepared precisely at the contact point without tip/film separation. Here, the in situ FIB microtribometer is critically important for retaining the microstructure of lubricant films as formed at the sliding contact interface between the tip and film without separation. It provides the unique ability to stop sliding, section the contact, and reveal microstructural changes to that contact without disrupting the sliding interface. The cross-sectional TEM measurements were performed on the sliding contact interface for both the regions in contact and just past contact, and both the reorientation and recrystallization of lubricant films were revealed.
C1 [Hu, J. J.; Wheeler, R.; Zabinski, J. S.; Shade, P. A.; Shiveley, A.; Voevodin, A. A.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, AFRL RXBT, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
RP Hu, JJ (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, AFRL RXBT, Bldg 654,2941 Hobson Way,Room 10, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
EM Jianjun.Hu@WPAFB.AF.MIL
RI Shade, Paul/H-6459-2011; Voevodin, Andrey/I-6684-2013
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)
FX The Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) is gratefully
acknowledged for financial support. Thanks to A.J. Safriet and J.E.
Bultman for technical support.
NR 48
TC 36
Z9 36
U1 0
U2 8
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1023-8883
J9 TRIBOL LETT
JI Tribol. Lett.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 32
IS 1
BP 49
EP 57
DI 10.1007/s11249-008-9360-z
PG 9
WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA 355HF
UT WOS:000259699300007
ER
PT J
AU Sumner, N
Jones, L
AF Sumner, Nathan
Jones, Lyell
TI Multifocal neuropathy associated with West Nile virus infection
SO NEUROLOGY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Sumner, Nathan] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
RP Sumner, N (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, 2200 Bergquist Dr,Ste 1, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
EM Nathan.Sumner@lackland.af.mil
NR 2
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 0
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0028-3878
J9 NEUROLOGY
JI Neurology
PD SEP 30
PY 2008
VL 71
IS 14
BP 1123
EP 1123
DI 10.1212/01.wnl.0000326964.26673.8e
PG 1
WC Clinical Neurology
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 354OO
UT WOS:000259649100016
PM 18824678
ER
PT J
AU Starks, MJ
Quinn, RA
Ginet, GP
Albert, JM
Sales, GS
Reinisch, BW
Song, P
AF Starks, M. J.
Quinn, R. A.
Ginet, G. P.
Albert, J. M.
Sales, G. S.
Reinisch, B. W.
Song, P.
TI Illumination of the plasmasphere by terrestrial very low frequency
transmitters: Model validation
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID MAGNETOSPHERICALLY REFLECTED WHISTLERS; ELECTRON-PRECIPITATION;
PLASMAPAUSE; ABSORPTION; RADIATION; DENSITY; FIELD; IONS
AB A composite model of wave propagation from terrestrial very low frequency (VLF) transmitters has been constructed to estimate the wave normal angles and fields of whistler mode waves in the plasmasphere. The model combines a simulation of the fields in the Earth-ionosphere waveguide, ionospheric absorption estimates, and geomagnetic field and plasma density models with fully three-dimensional ray tracing that includes refraction, focusing, and resonant damping. The outputs of this model are consistent with those of several previous, simpler simulations, some of which have underlying component models in common. A comparison of the model outputs to wavefield data from five satellites shows that away from the magnetic equator, all of the models systematically overestimate the median field strength in the plasmasphere owing to terrestrial VLF transmitters by about 20 dB at night and at least 10 dB during the day. In addition, wavefield estimates at L < 1.5 in the equatorial region appear to be about 15 dB too low, although measured fields there are extremely variable. Consideration of the models' similarities and differences indicates that this discrepancy originates in or below the ionosphere, where important physics (as yet not conclusively identified) is not being modeled. Adjustment of the low-altitude field estimates downward by constant factors brings the model outputs into closer agreement with satellite observations. It is concluded that past and future use of these widely employed trans-ionospheric VLF propagation models should be reevaluated.
C1 [Starks, M. J.; Ginet, G. P.; Albert, J. M.] USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
[Quinn, R. A.] Atmospher & Environm Res Inc, Lexington, MA 02421 USA.
[Sales, G. S.; Reinisch, B. W.; Song, P.] Univ Massachusetts, Ctr Atmospher Res, Lowell, MA 01854 USA.
RP Starks, MJ (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, 3550 Aberdeen Ave SE,Bldg 464,Room 405, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA.
EM Michael.Starks@us.af.mil
OI Albert, Jay/0000-0001-9494-7630
FU ITT Corporation, AES; Mark Sward of the Defense Threat Reduction Agency
FX Generous support for LFCOM was provided by Royden Rutherford of ITT
Corporation, AES, and Mark Sward of the Defense Threat Reduction Agency.
The authors wish to thank Tim Bell, Umran Inan, and Nikolai Lehtinen of
Stanford University, Steven Cummer of Duke University, and Jacob Bortnik
of UCLA for many helpful discussions in the course of this effort. The
assistance of Bright Small and Matt Mattson of the U. S. Air Force and
Dean Ascani of AER, Inc., in completing this work is much appreciated.
Essential supercomputer resources were provided by the Department of
Defense High Performance Computing Modernization Program.
NR 38
TC 40
Z9 40
U1 2
U2 5
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9380
EI 2169-9402
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD SEP 27
PY 2008
VL 113
IS A9
AR A09320
DI 10.1029/2008JA013112
PG 16
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 353ZN
UT WOS:000259608800002
ER
PT J
AU Altfeder, IB
Chen, DM
AF Altfeder, I. B.
Chen, D. M.
TI Anisotropic charge ordering on the gallium surface
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID EXTENDED HUBBARD-MODEL; DENSITY-WAVE; PHASE
AB Low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy of atomically flat Ga(001) islands revealed the 2D electronic superlattice composed of stripe domains. Tunnel spectroscopy of these surface electrons indicates the formation of a 2D charge-ordered state of Wigner-crystal type driven by competition of short-range and long-range Coulomb energies. At the boundaries of stripe domains the energy spectra exhibit splitting due to charged excitonic states and shift due to charge doping, altogether indicating the self-assembly of 1D hole stripes. The size distribution of stripe domains is broadened around 4a.
C1 [Altfeder, I. B.; Chen, D. M.] Harvard Univ, Rowland Inst, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA.
RP Altfeder, IB (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate RXBT, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
NR 25
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 4
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD SEP 26
PY 2008
VL 101
IS 13
AR 136405
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.136405
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 355AI
UT WOS:000259680600050
PM 18851471
ER
PT J
AU Ruggles-Wrenn, MB
Radzicki, AT
Baek, SS
Keller, KA
AF Ruggles-Wrenn, M. B.
Radzicki, A. T.
Baek, S. S.
Keller, K. A.
TI Effect of loading rate on the monotonic tensile behavior and tensile
strength of an oxide-oxide ceramic composite at 1200 degrees C
SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES
MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
LA English
DT Article
DE ceramic-matrix composites (CMCs); oxides; fibers; creep;
high-temperature properties; mechanical properties
ID TEMPERATURE MECHANICAL-BEHAVIOR; MATRIX COMPOSITES; FATIGUE BEHAVIOR;
SILICON-CARBIDE; WATER-VAPOR; MULLITE/ALUMINA MIXTURES;
ELEVATED-TEMPERATURES; STEAM ENVIRONMENT; BRITTLE MATERIALS; FIBER
COMPOSITES
AB The influence of loading Fate on monotonic tensile behavior and tensile properties of an oxide-oxide ceramic composite was evaluated in laboratory air at 1200 degrees C. The composite consists of a porous alumina matrix reinforced with woven mullite/alumina (Nextel (TM) 720) fibers, has no interface between the fiber and matrix, and relies on the porous matrix for flaw tolerance. Tensile tests conducted at loading rates of 0.0025 and 25 MPa/s revealed a strong effect of rate on the stress-strain behavior as well as on the ultimate tensile strength (UTS), elastic modulus and failure strain. At 0.0025 MPa/s, increase in stress results in non-monotonic change in strain, with the rate of change of strain reversing its sign at stresses similar to 25 MPa/s. Several samples were subjected to additional heat treatments prior to testing in order to determine whether this unusual stress-strain behavior was an artifact of incomplete processing of fibers in the as-received material. The unusual material response in the 0-30MPa stress range was further investigated in creep tests conducted with the applied stresses <= 26 MPa. Negative creep (i.e. decrease in strain under constant stress) was observed. Porosity measurements indicate that a decrease in matrix porosity and matrix densification may be taking place in the N720/A composite exposed to 1200 degrees C at stresses <30 MPa for prolonged periods of time. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Ruggles-Wrenn, M. B.; Radzicki, A. T.] USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Baek, S. S.] Agcy Def Dev, Taejon 300600, South Korea.
[Keller, K. A.] UES Inc, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
RP Ruggles-Wrenn, MB (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM marina.ruggles-wrenn@afit.edu
RI Ruggles-Wrenn, Marina/J-6103-2014
FU Air Force Research Laboratory
FX The authors would like to thank Dr. R.A. Kerans and Dr. T. Parthasarathy
for many valuable discussions. The financial support of Dr. R. Sikorski
and Dr. J. Zelina, Propulsion Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory
is highly appreciated.
NR 55
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 10
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0921-5093
J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT
JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process.
PD SEP 25
PY 2008
VL 492
IS 1-2
BP 88
EP 94
DI 10.1016/j.msea.2008.03.006
PG 7
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy &
Metallurgical Engineering
GA 340KM
UT WOS:000258644500013
ER
PT J
AU Zheng, QD
Gupta, SK
He, GS
Tan, LS
Prasad, PAN
AF Zheng, Qingdong
Gupta, Sandesh K.
He, Guang S.
Tan, Loon-Seng
Prasad, Paras N.
TI Synthesis, Characterization, Two-Photon Absorption, and Optical Limiting
Properties of Ladder-Type Oligo-p-phenylene-Cored Chromophores
SO ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID CROSS-SECTIONS; PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY; COMMON INTERMEDIATE;
ORGANIC-MOLECULES; DERIVATIVES; FLUORENE; FLUORESCENCE; POLYMER; DESIGN;
DYES
AB This paper reports on the two-photon absorption (TPA) and related up-converted emission properties of a novel series of chromophores containing ladder-type oligo-p-phenylenes with various pi-conjugation lengths. The design and synthesis of these ladder-type two-photon chromophores are first discussed. An increase in the pi-conjugated length of the ladder-type oligo-p-phenylene for these chromophores leads to an increase in TPA cross-section together with ail increased fluorescence quantum yield. These chromophores exhibit high fluorescence quantum yields because of the rigid planar structure of the ladder-type oligomers. The chromophore with ail enhanced TPA cross-section together with an increased fluorescence quantum yield would provide significant benefits for two-photon excited fluorescence based applications. An improved optical limiting behavior was also demonstrated using the ladder-type pentaphenylene cored chromophore.
C1 [Zheng, Qingdong; Gupta, Sandesh K.; He, Guang S.; Prasad, Paras N.] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Chem, Inst Lasers Photon & Biophoton, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.
[Tan, Loon-Seng] USAF, Res Lab, Nanostruct & Biol Mat Branch, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Zheng, QD (reprint author), SUNY Buffalo, Dept Chem, Inst Lasers Photon & Biophoton, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.
EM qzheng7@jhu.edu; pnprasad@buffalo.edu
RI Zheng, Qingdong/G-7492-2011; Gupta, Sandesh/O-6135-2014; Tan,
Loon-Seng/F-6985-2012;
OI Tan, Loon-Seng/0000-0002-2134-9290; Zheng, Qingdong/0000-0002-6324-0648
FU Chemistry and Life Sciences Directorate of the Air Force Office of
Scientific Research; John R. Oishei Foundation; Excellence in
Bioinformatics and Life Sciences at University at Buffalo
FX This work was supported in part by a grant from the Chemistry and Life
Sciences Directorate of the Air Force Office of Scientific Research and
in part by the John R. Oishei Foundation. Partial support from the
center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences at University
at Buffalo is also acknowledged. We thank Dr. Alexander Baev and Dr.
Tymish Y. Ohulchanskyy for helpful discussions.
NR 49
TC 82
Z9 84
U1 2
U2 52
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1616-301X
J9 ADV FUNCT MATER
JI Adv. Funct. Mater.
PD SEP 23
PY 2008
VL 18
IS 18
BP 2770
EP 2779
DI 10.1002/adfm.200800419
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA 358QQ
UT WOS:000259933000015
ER
PT J
AU Kharlampieva, E
Slocik, JM
Tsukruk, T
Naik, RR
Tsukruk, VV
AF Kharlampieva, Eugenia
Slocik, Joseph M.
Tsukruk, Taisia
Naik, Rajesh R.
Tsukruk, Vladimir V.
TI Polyaminoacid-induced growth of metal nanoparticles on layer-by-layer
templates
SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID POLY-L-TYROSINE; SILVER NANOPARTICLES; GOLD NANOPARTICLES;
POLYELECTROLYTE MULTILAYERS; MEDIATED SYNTHESIS; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; REDOX
TECHNIQUE; ARRAYS; FILMS; NANOSTRUCTURES
AB We report on preparation of redox-active nanoscale layer-by-layer (LbL) films with polyaminoacid-decorated surfaces that serve for both nucleation and growth of uniformly distributed gold nanoparticles at ambient conditions. We found that a poly-L-tyrosine (pTyr), a synthetic polyaminoacid, was able to direct nanoparticle formation to solid, flexible, and patterned surfaces preventing particle agglomeration. The gold particles were 8 +/- 2 nm in diameter, surrounded by 3-6 nm polyaminoacid shell, and confined to the topmost polyaminoacid layer. The reported results on bioinspired gold formation can be readily expanded to any inorganic-selective surface and provide a simple, robust, and nontoxic method to obtain nonaggregated inorganic nanoparticles at ambient conditions.
C1 [Kharlampieva, Eugenia; Tsukruk, Taisia; Tsukruk, Vladimir V.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Slocik, Joseph M.; Naik, Rajesh R.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
RP Tsukruk, VV (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
EM vladimir@mse.gatech.edu
FU Air Office of Scientific Research and the Office of Naval Research
FX This work was supported by funding provided by the Air Office of
Scientific Research and the Office of Naval Research. The authors thank
Yolande Berta for HRTEM work and Hyunhyub Ko for technical assistance.
NR 52
TC 40
Z9 40
U1 3
U2 16
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0897-4756
EI 1520-5002
J9 CHEM MATER
JI Chem. Mat.
PD SEP 23
PY 2008
VL 20
IS 18
BP 5822
EP 5831
DI 10.1021/cm801475v
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 349IR
UT WOS:000259275000014
ER
PT J
AU Varshney, V
Patnaik, SS
Roy, AK
Farmer, BL
AF Varshney, Vikas
Patnaik, Soumya S.
Roy, Ajit K.
Farmer, Barry L.
TI A molecular dynamics study of epoxy-based networks: Cross-linking
procedure and prediction of molecular and material properties
SO MACROMOLECULES
LA English
DT Article
ID MONTE-CARLO-SIMULATION; RESINS
AB Molecular modeling of thermosetting polymers has been presented with special emphasis on building atomistic models. Different approaches to build highly cross-linked polymer networks are discussed. A multistep relaxation procedure for relaxing the molecular topology during cross-linking is proposed. This methodology is then applied to an epoxy-based thermoset (EPON-862/DETDA). Several materials properties such as density, glass transition temperature, thermal expansion coefficient. and volume shrinkage during curing are calculated and found to be in good agreement with experimental results. Along with the material's properties, the simulations also highlight the distribution of molecular weight buildup and inception of gel point during the network formation.
C1 [Varshney, Vikas] Universal Technol Corp, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
[Varshney, Vikas; Patnaik, Soumya S.; Roy, Ajit K.; Farmer, Barry L.] USAF, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Varshney, V (reprint author), Universal Technol Corp, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
EM vikas.varshney@afmcx.net
FU U.S. Air Force [F33615-030D-5801, 0059]; AFOSR
FX This work was performed under U.S. Air Force Contract F33615-030D-5801,
0059. The lead two authors (Varshney and Patnaik) greatly appreciate
partial funding from AFOSR in performing this work. The authors thank
Dr. Tia Benson Tolle for pointing them to the problem and Dr. Taner
Drama for his helpful discussions regarding the cross-linking procedure.
NR 22
TC 113
Z9 113
U1 8
U2 95
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0024-9297
J9 MACROMOLECULES
JI Macromolecules
PD SEP 23
PY 2008
VL 41
IS 18
BP 6837
EP 6842
DI 10.1021/ma801153e
PG 6
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 349KP
UT WOS:000259280000038
ER
PT J
AU Hung, KM
Cheng, TH
Huang, WP
Wang, KY
Cheng, HH
Sun, G
Soref, RA
AF Hung, K. M.
Cheng, T. H.
Huang, W. P.
Wang, K. Y.
Cheng, H. H.
Sun, G.
Soref, R. A.
TI Electron tunneling in a strained n-type Si(1-x)Ge(x)/Si/Si(1-x)Ge(x)
double-barrier structure
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
AB We report electrical measurements on an n-type Si(1-x)Ge(x)/Si/Si(1-x)Ge(x) double-barrier structure grown on a partially relaxed Si(1-y)Ge(y) buffer layer. Resonance tunneling of Delta(4) band electrons is demonstrated. This is attributed to the strain splitting in the SiGe buffer layer where the Delta(4) band is lowest in energy at the electrode. Since the Delta(4) band electrons have a much lighter effective mass along the direction of tunneling current in comparison with that of the Delta(2) band electrons, this work presents an advantage over those SiGe resonant-tunneling diodes in which tunneling of Delta(2) band electrons is employed. (C) 2008 American Institute of Physics.
C1 [Cheng, T. H.; Huang, W. P.; Wang, K. Y.; Cheng, H. H.] Natl Taiwan Univ, Ctr Condensed Matter Sci, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
[Cheng, T. H.; Huang, W. P.; Wang, K. Y.; Cheng, H. H.] Natl Taiwan Univ, Grad Inst Elect Engn, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
[Hung, K. M.] Natl Kaohsiung Univ Appl Sci, Dept Elect Engn, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
[Sun, G.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02125 USA.
[Soref, R. A.] USAF, Res Lab, Sensors Directorate, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
RP Cheng, HH (reprint author), Natl Taiwan Univ, Ctr Condensed Matter Sci, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
EM hhcheng@ntu.edu.tw
RI 李, 輝/B-1359-2016
FU National Science Council, Taiwan [NSC 95-2112-M-002-050, NSC 972112-
M-151-001-MY3]; AFOSR (USA)
FX Financial support from the National Science Council, Taiwan (Grant Nos.
NSC 95-2112-M-002-050 and NSC 972112- M-151-001-MY3) and AFOSR (USA) is
gratefully acknowledged.
NR 11
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD SEP 22
PY 2008
VL 93
IS 12
AR 123509
DI 10.1063/1.2991295
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 356SY
UT WOS:000259799100102
ER
PT J
AU Cameron, G
Palazotto, A
AF Cameron, G.
Palazotto, A.
TI An evaluation of high velocity wear
SO WEAR
LA English
DT Article
DE high velocity wear; Holloman High Speed Test Track
ID IMPACT; VALIDATION
AB The Holloman High Speed Test Track (HHSTT) is a rocket-powered sled track facility used for testing a variety of hypervelocity aerospace applications at speeds approaching 3000 m/s. Research conducted at the HHSTT has to consider several features that result from the physics of high velocity. The feature of gouging has been noted to be a significant factor at speeds above 1.5 km/s. This characteristic has been studied in recent years by several authors including the senior author of this paper. Another feature that is always present is that of wear between the shoe and the rail resulting from their sporadic contact as the sled travels down the rail. This paper attempts to establish a proof concept that can eventually be extended into future understanding of wear at high velocities. The authors approached wear using two separate techniques. The first technique involves the use of equations that have been successfully used to represent wear at low speeds. This technique relies on the research of Lim and Ashby and the equations they developed to model the different modes of wear. Included in this technique is the use of Archard's wear equation. The second technique, completely independent of the first, relies on the physics of frictional movement displayed by a model produced using CTH, a hydrocode developed by Sandia National Laboratory for analyzing hypervelocity impact problems. This technique considers features that are potentially present in the overall phenomenon but are limited to the use of the code. The authors have found it necessary to make simplifying assumptions in both techniques, but the end result is a better appreciation of what is needed to put together a more accurate model of wear at high velocities. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Cameron, G.; Palazotto, A.] USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Palazotto, A (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM anthony.palazotto@afit.edu
NR 16
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 7
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0043-1648
J9 WEAR
JI Wear
PD SEP 20
PY 2008
VL 265
IS 7-8
BP 1066
EP 1075
DI 10.1016/j.wear.2008.02.013
PG 10
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA 325IA
UT WOS:000257581400017
ER
PT J
AU Burtt, KD
Sharma, RD
AF Burtt, Kelly D.
Sharma, Ramesh D.
TI Near-resonant energy transfer from vibrationally excited OH(v), v=9, 8,
1 to CO(2)
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID MOLECULAR-CONSTANTS; OH; HYDROXYL; RELAXATION; ATMOSPHERE; REMOVAL;
AIRGLOW; N2O
AB The transfer of vibrational energy from chemiluminescent OH, produced predominately by the H + O(3)-> OH (v) + O(2) reaction, is of importance in modeling the airglow from the atmospheres of Earth, Mars, and Venus. We have calculated the energy transfer probability per collision as function of temperature for the near-resonant processes OH (v) + CO(2) (00001) -> OH(v-1) + CO(2) (mnpqr) for v = 1, 8, and 9 in the 100-350 K temperature range. We show that the measured room temperature values of the removal rate coefficient of OH(v = 9, 8) and OH(v = 1) by CO(2), are in agreement with the ones calculated for the vibration-to-vibration (VV) energy transfer (ET) processes OH (v) + CO(2) (00001) -> OH (v-1) + CO(2) (00011) and OH (1) + CO(2) (00001)-> OH (0) + CO(2) (1001 n) n = 1, 2, respectively. The emission from the latter levels of CO(2) in the terrestrial mesosphere is not self-absorbed leading to the possibility that these levels may be important contributors to the 4.3 mm emission. Our calculation favors the "Collisional Cascade'' model of vibrational energy transfer from OH to CO(2) that predicts about 50 times more radiation in the Martian Meinel bands over that predicted by the "Sudden Death'' model. These two models of Martian atmosphere predict vastly different steady-state populations of the vibrational levels of OH and should, because of the chemical reactions, of other trace species, e. g., H, O, and CO, as well.
C1 [Burtt, Kelly D.; Sharma, Ramesh D.] USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
RP Burtt, KD (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
EM ramesh.sharma@hanscom.af.mil
FU Air Force Research Laboratory; NASA's Geospace Science [SRT04-0002-0014]
FX This research was performed while K. D. B. held a National Research
Council Research Post-doctoral Associate Award at the Air Force Research
Laboratory. This research was in part funded by NASA's Geospace Science
program; award number SRT04-0002-0014. The authors are grateful to
Richard A. Copeland, James A. Dodd, and Peter P. Wintersteiner for
helpful discussions.
NR 24
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD SEP 17
PY 2008
VL 35
IS 18
AR L18102
DI 10.1029/2008GL035204
PG 4
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 351AE
UT WOS:000259395500006
ER
PT J
AU Fang, ZQ
Claflin, B
Look, DC
Dong, YF
Mosbacker, HL
Brillson, LJ
AF Fang, Z. -Q.
Claflin, B.
Look, D. C.
Dong, Y. F.
Mosbacker, H. L.
Brillson, L. J.
TI Surface traps in vapor-phase-grown bulk ZnO studied by deep level
transient spectroscopy
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID ELECTRICAL CHARACTERIZATION; SCHOTTKY CONTACTS; DEFECTS; GAN; PROGRESS;
DONORS
AB Deep level transient spectroscopy, current-voltage, and capacitance-voltage measurements are used to study interface traps in metal-on-bulk-ZnO Schottky barrier diodes (SBDs). c-axis-oriented ZnO samples were cut from two different vapor-phase-grown crystals, and Au- and Pd-SBDs were formed on their (0001) surfaces after remote oxygen-plasma treatment. As compared to Au-SBDs, the Pd-SBDs demonstrated higher reverse-bias leakage current and forward-bias current evidently due to higher carrier concentrations, which might have been caused by hydrogen in-diffusion through the thin Pd metal. The dominant traps included the well-known bulk traps E(3) (0.27 eV) and E(4) (0.49 eV). In addition, a surface-related trap, E(s) (0.49 eV), is observed but only in the Pd-SBDs, not in the Au-SBDs. Trap E, is located at depths less than about 95 nm and shows an electron capture behavior indicative of extended defects. A possible correspondence between trap E(s) and the well-known 2.45 eV green band is suggested by depth-resolved cathodoluminescence spectroscopy on the same samples, which reveals an increase in the intensity of this band within similar to 100 nm of the Pd/ZnO interface. (C) 2008 American Institute of Physics. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2978374]
C1 [Fang, Z. -Q.; Claflin, B.; Look, D. C.] Wright State Univ, Semicond Res Ctr, Dayton, OH 45435 USA.
[Fang, Z. -Q.; Claflin, B.; Look, D. C.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Dong, Y. F.; Mosbacker, H. L.; Brillson, L. J.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
RP Fang, ZQ (reprint author), Wright State Univ, Semicond Res Ctr, Dayton, OH 45435 USA.
EM zhaoqiang.fang@wright.edu
FU NSF [DMR0513968]; ARO [W911NF-07-13-0001/Task07275]; AFOSR
[FA9550-07-1-0013]; AFRL [FA8650-06-D-5401]
FX We wish to thank H. E. Smith, E. R. Heller, and G. C. Farlow for helpful
discussions. Support of Z.-Q.E, B.C., and D.C.L. was provided by NSF
Grant No. DMR0513968 (L. Hess), ARO, Grant No.
W911NF-07-13-0001/Task07275 (M. Gerhold), AFOSR Grant No.
FA9550-07-1-0013 (K. Reinhardt), and AFRL Contract No. FA8650-06-D-5401
(D. Silversmith). Both the Ohio State and Wright State groups gratefully
acknowledge support by NSF Grant No. DMR0513968 (L. Hess).
NR 31
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 1
U2 16
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD SEP 15
PY 2008
VL 104
IS 6
AR 063707
DI 10.1063/1.2978374
PG 6
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 361HS
UT WOS:000260119300063
ER
PT J
AU Hrozhyk, UA
Serak, SV
Tabiryan, NV
Bunnin, TJ
AF Hrozhyk, Uladzimir A.
Serak, Svetlana V.
Tabiryan, Nelson V.
Bunnin, Timothy J.
TI Phototunable reflection notches of cholesteric liquid crystals
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID IMAGE STORAGE; AZOBENZENE; LIGHT; COLOR; PITCH; CHROMOPHORE; COPOLYMERS;
CHIRALITY; HOST
AB The reflection notch of cholesteric liquid crystals (CLCs) formed from highly photosenstive azobenzene nematic liquid crystals doped with light-insensitive, large helical twisting power chiral dopants is shown to be widely phototunable by green laser beams. The nonlinear transmission properties of these materials were studied. We have shown that the relative shift in Bragg wavelength is independent of the chiral dopant concentration and develop a predictive theory of such behavior. The theory describes the dynamics of phototuning as well. Reflection shifts greater than 150 nm were driven with low power, cw of 532 nm in these photosensitive CLCs, previously attainable only through UV pre-exposure. A nonlinear feedback mechanism was demonstrated for CLCs of left, right, and both handedness upon laser-induced blueshifting of the reflection notch from a red wavelength using a green cw laser. (c) 2008 American Institute of Physics.
C1 [Tabiryan, Nelson V.; Bunnin, Timothy J.] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Hrozhyk, Uladzimir A.; Serak, Svetlana V.; Tabiryan, Nelson V.] Beam Engn Adv Measurements Co, Winter Pk, FL USA.
RP Bunnin, TJ (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM timothy.bunning@wpafb.af.mil
NR 37
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 1
U2 9
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD SEP 15
PY 2008
VL 104
IS 6
AR 063102
DI 10.1063/1.2977666
PG 7
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 361HS
UT WOS:000260119300002
ER
PT J
AU Look, DC
AF Look, D. C.
TI Two-layer Hall-effect model with arbitrary surface-donor profiles:
application to ZnO
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID CONDUCTIVITY; LAYER
AB A complete two-layer Hall-effect model, allowing arbitrary donor and acceptor profiles, is presented and applied to the problem of conductive surface layers in ZnO. Temperature-dependent mobility and carrier concentration data in the temperature range of 20-320 K are fitted with an efficient algorithm easily implemented in commercial mathematics programs such as MATHCAD. The model is applied to two ZnO samples, grown by the melt (MLT) and hydrothermal (HYD) processes, respectively. Under the assumption of a "square" surface-donor profile, the fitted surface-layer thicknesses are 48 and 2.5 nm, respectively, for the MLT and HYD samples. The surface-donor concentrations are 7.6 X 10(17) and 8.3 X 10(18) cm(-3), and the integrated surface-donor concentrations are 2.1 X 10(12) and 3.6 X 10(12) cm(-2). For an assumed Gaussian [N(Ds)(0)exp(-Z(2)/d(s)(2))] donor profile, the fitted values of d(s) are nearly the same as those for the square profile. The values of N(D,s)(0) are about 50% larger and the integrated donor-concentration values are about 15% larger, for both samples. As a surface-analysis tool, the Hall effect is extremely sensitive and applicable over a wide range of surface-layer conditions. (C) 2008 American Institute of Physics. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2986143]
C1 [Look, D. C.] Wright State Univ, Semicond Res Ctr, Dayton, OH 45435 USA.
[Look, D. C.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Look, DC (reprint author), Wright State Univ, Semicond Res Ctr, Dayton, OH 45435 USA.
EM David.Look@WPAFB.AF.MlL
FU AFOSR [FA9550-07-1-0013]; NSF [DMR0513968]; DOE [DE-FG02-07ER46389]; ARO
[W91INF-07-D-0001/Task07275]; AFRL [FA8650-06-D-5401]
FX We wish to thank T.A. Cooper for the Hall-effect measurements, L.
Callahan for sample preparation, and B. Claflin for helpful discussions.
Support is gratefully acknowledged from the following sources: AFOSR
Grant No. FA9550-07-1-0013 (K. Reinhardt), NSF Grant No. DMR0513968 (L.
Hess), DOE Grant No. DE-FG02-07ER46389 (R. Kortan), ARO Grant No.
W91INF-07-D-0001/Task07275 (M. Gerhold), and AFRL Contract No.
FA8650-06-D-5401 (S. Shell and D. Silversmith).
NR 19
TC 29
Z9 30
U1 1
U2 12
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD SEP 15
PY 2008
VL 104
IS 6
AR 063718
DI 10.1063/1.2986143
PG 7
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 361HS
UT WOS:000260119300074
ER
PT J
AU Ahmad, M
Sampair, C
Nazmul-Hossain, ANM
Khurana, N
Nerness, A
Wutticharoenmongkol, P
AF Ahmad, Mansur
Sampair, Christopher
Nazmul-Hossain, Abu N. M.
Khurana, Neerja
Nerness, Andrew
Wutticharoenmongkol, Patcharaporn
TI Therapeutic doses of radiation alter proliferation and attachment of
osteoblasts to implant surfaces
SO JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH PART A
LA English
DT Article
DE ionizing radiation; titanium; attachment; proliferation; osteoblasts
ID CELLS IN-VITRO; IONIZING-RADIATION; OSSEOINTEGRATED IMPLANTS; IRRADIATED
BONE; DENTAL IMPLANTS; EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX; TITANIUM SURFACES;
HYPERBARIC-OXYGEN; ORAL IMPLANTS; FOLLOW-UP
AB Osseointegration of implants in irradiated bone is inadequate. The effect of radiation on cell-implant material interaction has not been adequately studied. The goal of this study was to investigate the effects of ionizing radiation oil the proliferation, differentiation, and attachment of osteoblasts to commercially pure titanium (cpTi). Human fetal osteoblasts (hFOB) were irradiated either before or after plating in tissue culture (TC) dishes with or Without cpTi disks. Radiation was single close of 10 cGy, 25 cGy, 50 cGy, 1 Gy, 2 Gy, 4 Gy or 5 Gy. Cell proliferation was determined by counting trypshinized cells on 7 days after irradiation. Attachment of irradiated hFOB was measured indirectly by counting cells 2 and 6 h after plating. Differentiation leas evaluated by alkaline phosphatase activity. Compared with nonirradiated sham controls, higher doses of radiation significantly reduced cell attach and proliferation. Both proliferation and attachment were significantly lower on cpTi compared with TC. Attachment decreased based on the length of postirradiation period. Although differentiation was significantly enhanced by a dose of 8 Gy, proliferation was lowest. These initial studies show that effects of therapeutic doses of radiation on osteoblasts varied depending on the surface, time-elapsed, and amount of radiation. (C) 2007 Wiley Periodicals,
C1 [Ahmad, Mansur; Sampair, Christopher; Nazmul-Hossain, Abu N. M.; Khurana, Neerja; Nerness, Andrew; Wutticharoenmongkol, Patcharaporn] Univ Minnesota, Sch Dent, Dept Diagnost & Biol Sci, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
[Sampair, Christopher] USAF, Shaw AFB, SC USA.
[Khurana, Neerja] Northwestern Univ, Dept Gen Internal Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA.
[Wutticharoenmongkol, Patcharaporn] Chulalongkorn Univ, Polymer Engn Petr & Petrochem Coll, Bangkok, Thailand.
RP Ahmad, M (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Sch Dent, Dept Diagnost & Biol Sci, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
EM ahmad0050@umn.edu
NR 53
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 2
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 1549-3296
J9 J BIOMED MATER RES A
JI J. Biomed. Mater. Res. Part A
PD SEP 15
PY 2008
VL 86A
IS 4
BP 926
EP 934
DI 10.1002/jbm.a.31737
PG 9
WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA 340HQ
UT WOS:000258637100008
PM 18067169
ER
PT J
AU Miracle, DB
Greer, AL
Kelton, KF
AF Miracle, D. B.
Greer, A. L.
Kelton, K. F.
TI Icosahedral and dense random cluster packing in metallic glass
structures
SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS
LA English
DT Article
DE alloys; structure; medium-range order; short-range order
ID MEDIUM-RANGE ORDER; ATOMIC PACKING; MODEL; SPHERES
AB It has recently been shown that metallic glass structures can be idealized as inter-penetrating solute-centered atomic clusters that are packed with essentially periodic symmetry. The present work applies the same methodology to explore whether experimental observations can be matched by inter-connected solute-centered clusters that are organized in space via dense random cluster packing, Bergman icosahedral cluster packing or Mackay icosahedral cluster packing. Idealized partial pair distribution functions are developed where the symmetry of the solute positions in the structure is derived from the cluster-packing symmetry and the solute concentration, which establishes occupation of inter-cluster sites, especially beta structural sites enclosed by an octahedron of solute-centered clusters. While each of the three models matches major features of the measured solute-solute partial pair distribution functions, the arrangement of clusters with Mackay icosahedral ordering provides the best fit. However. this model is not able to match an essential feature in solute-lean glasses and does not provide the same overall agreement as does periodic cluster packing for solute-rich glasses. Strong similarities between the structure factors in the Mackay icosahedral and periodic cluster-packing models, along with expected deviations from the idealized solute positions studied here, are likely to hinder an unambiguous distinction between these two models. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Miracle, D. B.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Greer, A. L.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Mat Sci & Met, Cambridge CB2 3QZ, England.
[Kelton, K. F.] Washington Univ, Dept Phys, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
RP Miracle, DB (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM daniel.miracle@us.af.mil
RI Greer, Alan Lindsay/G-1977-2011; Greer, Lindsay/E-9433-2017
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research; US Air Force Office of
Scientific Research [FA9550-05-1-0110]; National Science Foundation
[DMR-06-06065]
FX D.B.M. is indebted to the Air Force Office of Scientific Research for
funding to support a sabbatical to Cambridge University, where this
research was conducted, and to the Department of Materials Science and
Metallurgy at the University of Cambridge for facilities during the
course of this research. K.F.K. gratefully acknowledges support by the
US Air Force Office of Scientific Research under Contract
FA9550-05-1-0110 and the National Science Foundation under Grant
DMR-06-06065.
NR 21
TC 19
Z9 20
U1 5
U2 46
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-3093
J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS
JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids
PD SEP 15
PY 2008
VL 354
IS 34
BP 4049
EP 4055
DI 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2008.05.006
PG 7
WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA 354EN
UT WOS:000259621800004
ER
PT J
AU Jeong, JY
Lee, HJ
Kang, SW
Tan, LS
Baek, JB
AF Jeong, Jae-Yong
Lee, Hwa-Jeong
Kang, Sang-Wook
Tan, Loon-Seng
Baek, Jong-Beom
TI Nylon 610/functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotube composite prepared
from in-situ interfacial polymerization
SO JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART A-POLYMER CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE carbon nanotubes; composites; functionalization; interfacial
polymerization; multiwalled carbon nanotube; nanotechnology; nylon;
nylon 610
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; ELECTRICAL-PROPERTIES; FUNCTIONALIZATION;
NANOCOMPOSITES; NANOFIBERS; DISPERSION; ACID; SPECTROSCOPY; POLYSTYRENE;
STRENGTH
AB Pristine multiwalled carbon nanotubes (P-MWNTs) were functionalized. with 4-chlorobenzoic acid via "direct" Friedel-Crafts acylation in polyphosphoric acid (PPA)/phosphorous pentoxide (P2O5) medium. The resultant 4-chlorobenzoyl-functionalized MWNTs (F-MWNTs) were soluble in chlorinated solvents such as dichloromethane, chloroform, and carbon tetrachloride. A large scale of nylon 610/F-MWNT composite could be conveniently prepared by in situ interfacial polymerization of 1, 6-hexamethylenediamine (HMDA) in an aqueous phase, and sebacoyl chloride with F-MWNTs in an organic phase. Similarly, nylon 610/P-MWNT composite was also prepared for comparison. The state of F-MWNTs dispersion in nylon 610 matrix was distinctively better than that of P-MWNTs, which could be clearly discerned by both naked eye and scanning electron microcopy (SEM). As a result, the tensile strength of nylon 610/F-MWNT composite was 4.9-fold higher than that of nylon 610/P-MWNT composite. (C) 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
C1 [Jeong, Jae-Yong; Lee, Hwa-Jeong; Kang, Sang-Wook; Baek, Jong-Beom] Chungbuk Natl Univ, Sch Chem Engn, Cheongju 361763, Chungbuk, South Korea.
[Tan, Loon-Seng] USAF, Res Lab, AFRL RXBP, Mat & Mfg Directorate,Nanostruct & Biol Mat Branc, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Baek, JB (reprint author), Chungbuk Natl Univ, Sch Chem Engn, Cheongju 361763, Chungbuk, South Korea.
EM jbbaek@chungbuk.ac.kr
RI Baek, Jong-Beom/E-5883-2010; Tan, Loon-Seng/F-6985-2012
OI Baek, Jong-Beom/0000-0003-4785-2326; Tan, Loon-Seng/0000-0002-2134-9290
FU Chungbuk National University
FX The authors are grateful to J. H. Lee of Chungbuk National University
for conducting SEM. This work was supported by research grant of the
Chungbuk National University in 2007.
NR 52
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 1
U2 13
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0887-624X
J9 J POLYM SCI POL CHEM
JI J. Polym. Sci. Pol. Chem.
PD SEP 15
PY 2008
VL 46
IS 18
BP 6041
EP 6050
DI 10.1002/pola.22916
PG 10
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 350AP
UT WOS:000259325100008
ER
PT J
AU Young, D
Sukeshini, AM
Cummins, R
Xiao, H
Rottmayer, M
Reitz, T
AF Young, D.
Sukeshini, A. M.
Cummins, R.
Xiao, H.
Rottmayer, M.
Reitz, T.
TI Ink-jet printing of electrolyte and anode functional layer for solid
oxide fuel cells
SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
LA English
DT Article
DE ink-jet printing; SOFC; anode functional layer; YSZ electrolyte;
microstructure
ID DEPOSITION; INTERFACE; CATHODES
AB In this work, solid oxide fuel cells were fabricated by ink-jet printing. The cells were characterized in order to study the resulting microstructure and electrochemical performance. Scanning electron microscopy revealed a highly conformal 6-12 mu m thick dense yttria-stabilized zirconia electrolyte layer, and a porous anode-interlayer. Open circuit voltages ranged from 0.95 to 1.06 V, and a maximum power density of 0.175 W cm(-2) was achieved at 750 degrees C. These results suggest that the ink-jet printing technique may be used to fabricate stable SOFC structures that are comparable to those fabricated by more conventional ceramics processing methods. This study also highlights the significance of overall cell microstructural impact on cell performance and stability. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Young, D.] Wright State Univ, Dept Mech & Mat Engn, Dayton, OH 45430 USA.
[Xiao, H.] UES Corp, Aerosp Power & Prop, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
[Rottmayer, M.; Reitz, T.] USAF, Res Lab, Prop Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Sukeshini, AM (reprint author), Wright State Univ, Dept Mech & Mat Engn, 3640 Colonel Glenn Highway, Dayton, OH 45430 USA.
EM mary.ayyadurai.ctr@wpafb.af.mil
NR 25
TC 34
Z9 34
U1 3
U2 20
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0378-7753
J9 J POWER SOURCES
JI J. Power Sources
PD SEP 15
PY 2008
VL 184
IS 1
BP 191
EP 196
DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2008.06.018
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials
Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science
GA 355NY
UT WOS:000259716800022
ER
PT J
AU Alvarez, M
Caviness, JN
AF Alvarez, Maria
Caviness, John N.
TI Primary progressive myoclonus of aging
SO MOVEMENT DISORDERS
LA English
DT Article
DE myoclonus; neurodegeneration; cortex; sensorimotor cortex
ID CORTICOBASAL DEGENERATION; CLINICAL-OBSERVATIONS; DISEASE; DEMENTIA
AB Myoclonus in older individuals usually occurs in the context of associated neurologic features which allow the diagnosis of the underlying disorder. We encountered 7 patients with a newly recognized myoclonus syndrome; we use the term primary progressive myoclonus of aging (PPMA) for this syndrome. Our put-pose was to characterize the clinical and electrophysiological properties of this syndrome. Our database was searched for the presence of "myoclonus" in the physical examination. Medical records and laboratory data were retrospectively reviewed, including electrophysiology data. We applied our criteria for PPMA: (1) asymmetric symptomatic action myoclonus, (2) >= 65 years of age, (3) cortical myoclonus physiology, (4) no dementia, (5) no associated features of defined neurodegenerative disorders, and (6) no secondary cause found. Seven patients fulfilled criteria. Age at presentation ranged from 70 to 87 years. Mean duration from myoclonus onset to last follow-up was 2.9 years. Electrophysiology showed positive-negative back-averaged transients, consistent with cortical myoclonus. No patient demonstrated dementia. Brain imaging in all cases was unremarkable. PPMA is a unique syndrome with characteristic findings that differentiate it from dementias and defined neurodegenerative syndromes. It is important to distinguish primary PPMA from other syndromes seen in older individuals to avoid diagnostic confusion. Some cases showed a response to levetiracetam. (C) 2008 Movement Disorder Society.
C1 [Caviness, John N.] Mayo Clin, Parkinsons Dis & Other Movement Disorders Ctr, Scottsdale, AZ 85259 USA.
[Alvarez, Maria] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA.
RP Caviness, JN (reprint author), Mayo Clin, Parkinsons Dis & Other Movement Disorders Ctr, 13400 E Shea Blvd, Scottsdale, AZ 85259 USA.
EM jcaviness@mayo.edu
FU Mayo Clinic
FX Mayo Clinic provided funding for this project.
NR 18
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 0
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 0885-3185
J9 MOVEMENT DISORD
JI Mov. Disord.
PD SEP 15
PY 2008
VL 23
IS 12
BP 1658
EP 1664
DI 10.1002/mds.22085
PG 7
WC Clinical Neurology
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 356GU
UT WOS:000259767500003
PM 18709679
ER
PT J
AU Goltz, MN
Huang, JQ
Close, ME
Flintoft, MJ
Pang, LP
AF Goltz, Mark N.
Huang, Junqi
Close, Murray E.
Flintoft, Mark J.
Pang, Liping
TI Use of tandem circulation wells to measure hydraulic conductivity
without groundwater extraction
SO JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Hydraulic conductivity; Groundwater modeling; Pumping test; Circulation
wells; Dipole-flow test; Tracer test; Anisotropy
ID DIPOLE-FLOW TEST; AQUIFER CHARACTERIZATION; ANALYTICAL-MODEL;
TRICHLOROETHYLENE
AB Conventional methods to measure the hydraulic conductivity of an aquifer on a relatively large scale (10-100 m) require extraction of significant quantities of groundwater. This can be expensive, and otherwise problematic, when investigating a contaminated aquifer. In this study, innovative approaches that make use of tandem circulation wells to measure hydraulic conductivity are proposed. These approaches measure conductivity on a relatively large scale, but do not require extraction of groundwater. Two basic approaches for using circulation wells to measure hydraulic conductivity are presented: one approach is based upon the dipole-flow test method, while the other approach relies on a tracer test to measure the flow of water between two recirculating wells. The approaches are tested in a relatively homogeneous and isotropic artificial aquifer, where the conductivities measured by both approaches are compared to each other and to the previously measured hydraulic conductivity of the aquifer. It was shown that both approaches have the potential to accurately measure horizontal and vertical hydraulic conductivity for a relatively large subsurface volume without the need to pump groundwater to the surface. Future work is recommended to evaluate the ability of these tandem circulation wells to accurately measure hydraulic conductivity when anisotropy and heterogeneity are greater than in the artificial aquifer used for these studies. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Goltz, Mark N.; Huang, Junqi] USAF, Inst Technol, ENV, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Close, Murray E.; Flintoft, Mark J.; Pang, Liping] New Zealand Inst Environm Sci & Res ESR, Christchurch 8041, New Zealand.
RP Goltz, MN (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, ENV, 2950 Hobson Way,Bldg 640, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM mark.goltz@aft.edu; jhuang@embarqmail.com; Murray.Close@esr.cri.nz;
Mark.Flintoft@esr.cri.nz; Liping.Pang@esr.cri.nz
RI Goltz, Mark/A-7394-2009;
OI Goltz, Mark/0000-0003-3601-6453
FU Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program [CU-1295]; New
Zealand Foundation for Research, Science, and Technology [C03X0303]; Air
Force Office of Scientific Research Window-on-Asia program; Stanford;
Air Force Institute of Technology
FX This study was partially supported by funding from (1) the Strategic
Environmental Research and Development Program through Project CU-1295,
Impact of DNAPL Source Zone Treatment: Experimental and Modeling
Assessment of Benefits of Partial Source Removal, (2) the New Zealand
Foundation for Research, Science, and Technology (Contract number
C03X0303), and (3) the Air Force Office of Scientific Research
Window-on-Asia program. The assistance and support of Dr. John Bright
and Lincoln Ventures Ltd with the artificial aquifer facility and
experiments are gratefully acknowledged. This work benefited from the
very thorough and thoughtful reviews by two anonymous referees and the
editor-in-chief, Prof E.O. Frind. A portion of this work was conducted
while the first author was on sabbatical at Stanford University, CA. The
support of Stanford and the Air Force Institute of Technology is
appreciated. The views expressed in this manuscript are those of the
authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the United
States Air Force, Department of Defense, or the U.S. Government.
NR 22
TC 8
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0169-7722
J9 J CONTAM HYDROL
JI J. Contam. Hydrol.
PD SEP 10
PY 2008
VL 100
IS 3-4
BP 127
EP 136
DI 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2008.06.003
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources
GA 358UJ
UT WOS:000259942700004
PM 18674844
ER
PT J
AU Siegel, SG
Seidel, J
Fagley, C
Luchtenburg, DM
Cohen, K
McLaughlin, T
AF Siegel, Stefan G.
Seidel, Juergen
Fagley, Casey
Luchtenburg, D. M.
Cohen, Kelly
McLaughlin, Thomas
TI Low-dimensional modelling of a transient cylinder wake using double
proper orthogonal decomposition
SO JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
LA English
DT Article
ID LOW REYNOLDS-NUMBERS; SPATIALLY DEVELOPING FLOWS; LOW-ORDER MODELS;
FEEDBACK-CONTROL; NEURAL-NETWORKS; GLOBAL MODES; TURBULENCE; MECHANICS;
DYNAMICS; POD
AB For the systematic development of feedback flow controllers, a numerical model that captures the dynamic behaviour of the flow field to be controlled is required. This poses a particular challenge for flow fields where the dynamic behaviour is nonlinear, and the governing equations cannot easily be solved in closed form. This has led to many versions of low-dimensional modelling techniques, which we extend in this work to represent better the impact of actuation on the flow. For the benchmark problem of a circular cylinder wake in the laminar regime, we introduce a novel extension to the proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) procedure that facilitates mode construction from transient data sets. We demonstrate the performance of this new decomposition by applying it to a data set from the development of the limit cycle oscillation of a circular cylinder wake Simulation as well as an ensemble of transient forced simulation results. The modes obtained from this decomposition, which we refer to as the double POD (DPOD) method, correctly track the changes of the spatial modes both during the evolution of the limit cycle and when forcing is applied by transverse translation of the cylinder. The mode amplitudes, which are obtained by projecting the original data sets onto the truncated DPOD modes, can be used to construct a dynamic mathematical model of the wake that accurately predicts the wake flow dynamics within the lock-in region at low forcing amplitudes. This low-dimensional model, derived using nonlinear artificial neural network based system identification methods, is robust and accurate and can be used to simulate the dynamic behaviour of the wake flow. We demonstrate this ability not just or unforced and open-loop forced data, but also for a feed back-controlled simulation that leads to a 90% reduction in lift fluctuations. This indicates the possibility of constructing accurate dynamic low-dimensional models for feedback control by using unforced and transient forced data only.
C1 [Siegel, Stefan G.; Seidel, Juergen; Fagley, Casey; Cohen, Kelly; McLaughlin, Thomas] USAF Acad, Dept Aeronaut, HQ USAFA DFAN, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
[Luchtenburg, D. M.] Tech Univ Berlin, Inst Fluid Dynam & Tech Acoust, D-10623 Berlin, Germany.
RP Siegel, SG (reprint author), USAF Acad, Dept Aeronaut, HQ USAFA DFAN, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
OI Cohen, Kelly/0000-0002-8655-1465
NR 71
TC 45
Z9 45
U1 0
U2 11
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 0022-1120
J9 J FLUID MECH
JI J. Fluid Mech.
PD SEP 10
PY 2008
VL 610
BP 1
EP 42
DI 10.1017/S0022112008002115
PG 42
WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Mechanics; Physics
GA 346CM
UT WOS:000259046000001
ER
PT J
AU Eriksson, S
Hairston, MR
Rich, FJ
Korth, H
Zhang, Y
Anderson, BJ
AF Eriksson, S.
Hairston, M. R.
Rich, F. J.
Korth, H.
Zhang, Y.
Anderson, B. J.
TI High-latitude ionosphere convection and Birkeland current response for
the 15 May 2005 magnetic storm recovery phase
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID FIELD-ALIGNED CURRENTS; DEPENDENT PLASMA-FLOW; LOBE CELL CONVECTION;
POLAR-CAP ARCS; CURRENT SYSTEM; NORTHWARD IMF; THETA AURORA; DAYSIDE
MAGNETOSPHERE; CURRENT DISTRIBUTIONS; MAGNETOMETER DATA
AB The high-latitude response of sunward E x B flow and Birkeland field-aligned currents (FAC) is analyzed for the 15 May 2005 magnetic cloud that generated a great magnetic storm (SYM-H = -305 nT at 0820 UT). The interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) clock angle, theta = arctan(B-y/B-z), gradually rotated from 65 degrees to -80 degrees during the 10-h long northward IMF period and the recovery of this storm. DMSP observations confirm a dawnward migration of a Northern Hemisphere sunward E x B flow channel (FC) between a downward and upward FAC pair. This FAC system developed during southward IMF (theta = 109 degrees) at the poleward edge of the duskside auroral oval as part of a four-sheet FAC system 23 min before the IMF became northward. TIMED/GUVI observations show that the dawnward migration of the upward FAC coincides with a drifting transpolar auroral arc (TPA). IMAGE/WIC did not observe a TPA in the southern (winter) hemisphere. DMSP and Iridium observations are in good agreement with MHD simulation predictions of a northward IMF reorientation of high-latitude FACs. The northern FC migration was likely due to summer hemisphere conductances, a strong average IMF B-x = -35 nT and the sunward dipole tilt angle that favor a northern high-latitude reconnection mechanism for a well-organized sunward FC and FAC system migration. The storm recovery rate appeared to be related with the region 2 FAC. A fast 11.4 nT/h rate was observed for a weak or nonexistent region 2 system during the high-latitude FAC redistribution. The SYM-H recovery slowed significantly to 0.9 nT/h following the 1800 UT region 2 system recovery.
C1 [Eriksson, S.] Univ Colorado, Lab Atmospher & Space Phys, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
[Hairston, M. R.] Univ Texas Dallas, William B Hanson Ctr Space Sci, Richardson, TX 75083 USA.
[Rich, F. J.] USAF, Res Lab, Hanscom AFB, MA USA.
[Korth, H.; Zhang, Y.; Anderson, B. J.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA.
RP Eriksson, S (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Lab Atmospher & Space Phys, 1234 Innovat Dr, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
EM eriksson@lasp.colorado.edu
RI Anderson, Brian/I-8615-2012; Zhang, Yongliang/C-2180-2016;
OI Zhang, Yongliang/0000-0003-4851-1662; Hairston,
Marc/0000-0003-4524-4837; Eriksson, Stefan/0000-0002-5619-1577
FU NSF [R1WH5700065]; NASA [NNX07AH72G]
FX We thank Hermann Luhr at Geoforschungszentrum Potsdam, Germany for use
of CHAMP data. We thank the ACE MAG and SWEPAM instrument teams and the
ACE Science Center for providing the ACE Level 2 data via
http://www.srl.caltech.edu/ACE/ASC/level2/. We also thank the CDAWeb at
http://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ and S. Kokubun at STELAB, Nagoya
University, Japan (Geotail MGF), T. Mukai at ISAS, Japan (Geotail LEP),
and A. Lazarus at M. I. T. (IMP-8 Plasma). Work by MH was supported by
NSF grant R1WH5700065 at the University of Texas at Dallas. Work by SE
was supported by NASA grant NNX07AH72G at the University of Colorado at
Boulder.
NR 52
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9380
EI 2169-9402
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD SEP 9
PY 2008
VL 113
AR A00A08
DI 10.1029/2008JA013139
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 348ID
UT WOS:000259203300001
ER
PT J
AU Enlow, JO
Jiang, H
Grant, JT
Eyink, K
Su, WJ
Bunning, TJ
AF Enlow, Jesse O.
Jiang, Hao
Grant, John T.
Eyink, Kurt
Su, Weijie
Bunning, Timothy J.
TI Plasma polymerized ferrocene films
SO POLYMER
LA English
DT Article
DE photonic thin film; ferrocene; plasma polymerization
ID REFRACTIVE-INDEX; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; PHOTONIC FILMS; COPOLYMERIZATION;
DENSITY
AB This communication describes the formation of high index of refraction polymer thin films using a novel plasma polymerization deposition process. A flowing afterglow plasma reactor was modified to enable sublimation of solid samples into the gas phase for subsequent plasma polymerization. Thin films of plasma polymerized ferrocene were deposited on substrates and subsequently characterized. The refractive index as a function of processing conditions was obtained. Relatively high values of n (similar to 1.73 at 589 nm) were obtained. The chemical nature of the polymer thin films was characterized using FTIR and XPS spectroscopy. This work demonstrates that plasma polymerization is an enabling technology for the fabrication of photonic thin films that utilize solid state precursors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Enlow, Jesse O.; Eyink, Kurt; Bunning, Timothy J.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, WPAFB, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
[Jiang, Hao] Mat Sci & Tech Applicat LLC, Dayton, OH 45458 USA.
[Grant, John T.] Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
[Su, Weijie] AT&T Govt Solut, Dayton, OH 45324 USA.
RP Bunning, TJ (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, WPAFB, 3005 Hobson Way, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
EM timothy.bunning@wpafb.af.mil
NR 20
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 4
U2 11
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0032-3861
J9 POLYMER
JI Polymer
PD SEP 9
PY 2008
VL 49
IS 19
BP 4042
EP 4045
DI 10.1016/j.polymer.2008.07.013
PG 4
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 349SP
UT WOS:000259303900002
ER
PT J
AU Basu, S
Basu, S
Makela, JJ
MacKenzie, E
Doherty, P
Wright, JW
Rich, F
Keskinen, MJ
Sheehan, RE
Coster, AJ
AF Basu, Su.
Basu, S.
Makela, J. J.
MacKenzie, E.
Doherty, P.
Wright, J. W.
Rich, F.
Keskinen, M. J.
Sheehan, R. E.
Coster, A. J.
TI Large magnetic storm-induced nighttime ionospheric flows at midlatitudes
and their impacts on GPS-based navigation systems
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID AURORAL OVAL; SCINTILLATIONS; INSTABILITY; DENSITY; IRREGULARITIES;
ZONE; SAPS
AB Analysis of GPS phase fluctuations in conjunction with regional total electron content (TEC) maps, in situ measurements of subauroral polarization streams (SAPS) and auroral convection from several Defense Meteorological Satellite Program spacecraft, and dynasonde measurements at the Bear Lake Observatory obtained during the intense magnetic storm of 7-8 November 2004 have indicated the serious impact of large ionospheric velocities on GPS-based navigation systems within the midlatitude region in the North American sector. The major difference between this superstorm and the others observed during the earlier October-November 2003 events is the absence of appreciable storm-enhanced density gradients, with the midlatitude region being enveloped by either the auroral oval or the ionospheric trough within which the SAPS were confined during the local dusk to nighttime hours. This shows that it is possible to disable GPS-based navigation systems for many hours even in the absence of appreciable TEC gradients, provided an intense flow channel is present in the ionosphere during nighttime hours. The competing effects of irregularity amplitude Delta N/N, the background F region density, and the magnitude of SAPS or auroral convection are discussed in establishing the extent of the region of impact on such systems.
C1 [Basu, Su.] Boston Univ, Ctr Space Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
[Basu, S.; MacKenzie, E.; Doherty, P.; Sheehan, R. E.] Boston Coll, Inst Sci Res, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 USA.
[Makela, J. J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Wright, J. W.] Univ Colorado, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Rich, F.] USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Hanscom AFB, MA USA.
[Keskinen, M. J.] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Coster, A. J.] MIT, Haystack Observ, Westford, MA 01886 USA.
RP Basu, S (reprint author), Boston Univ, Ctr Space Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
EM sbasu@bu.edu
FU NSF [ATM-0218206]; ONR [N00014-03-1-0593]; Boston College [2311AS]; NRL
[N00173-05-G904]
FX We thank the World Data Center for Geomagnetism at Kyoto University for
making available the SYM-H data. F. T. Berkey kindly made available the
dynasonde data; the data collection was supported by NSF grant
ATM-0218206. Su. Basu was supported by ONR grant N00014-03-1-0593. The
work at Boston College was partially supported by AFOSR Task 2311AS. The
work at the University of Illinois was partially supported by NRL grant
N00173-05-G904.
NR 39
TC 17
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0148-0227
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD SEP 4
PY 2008
VL 113
AR A00A06
DI 10.1029/2008JA013076
PG 14
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 345NS
UT WOS:000259004100001
ER
PT J
AU Kharlampieva, E
Tsukruk, T
Slocik, JM
Ko, H
Poulsen, N
Naik, RR
Kroger, N
Tsukruk, VV
AF Kharlampieva, Eugenia
Tsukruk, Taisia
Slocik, Joseph M.
Ko, Hyunhyub
Poulsen, Nicole
Naik, Rajesh R.
Kroeger, Nils
Tsukruk, Vladimir V.
TI Bioenabled surface-mediated growth of titania nanoparticles
SO ADVANCED MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID LAYER-BY-LAYER; THIN-FILMS; MATERIALS CHEMISTRY; CORE-SHELL; TIO2;
TEMPERATURE; SILICA; DEPOSITION; MINERALIZATION; NANOSTRUCTURES
AB A recombinant protein, silaffin rSilC, adsorbed on a tailored polyelectrolyte surface is capable of initiating the nucleation and growth of 4 nm titania nanoparticles in a dispersed manner under ambient conditions. The approach presented here may be readily applicable to other organic and inorganic materials to enable a robust synthesis of uniform organic-inorganic nanostructures with controllable dimensions and surface distributions.
C1 [Kharlampieva, Eugenia; Tsukruk, Taisia; Ko, Hyunhyub; Tsukruk, Vladimir V.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Poulsen, Nicole; Kroeger, Nils] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biochem, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Slocik, Joseph M.; Naik, Rajesh R.] Mat & Mfg Directorate, AF Res Lab, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
RP Tsukruk, VV (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
EM vladimir@mse.gatech.edu
RI Ko, Hyunhyub/C-4848-2009;
OI Poulsen, Nicole/0000-0002-4533-8860
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research; office of Naval Research
FX This work was supported by funding provided by the Air Force Office of
Scientific Research and the office of Naval Research. The authors thank
Prof. Svetlana Sukhishvili (Stevens Institute of Technology) for access
to the ATR-FTIR spectrometer and Ray Gunawidjaja for technical
assistance. Supporting Information is available online from Wiley
InterScience or from the authors.
NR 52
TC 48
Z9 48
U1 1
U2 32
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 0935-9648
EI 1521-4095
J9 ADV MATER
JI Adv. Mater.
PD SEP 3
PY 2008
VL 20
IS 17
BP 3274
EP +
DI 10.1002/adma.200800054
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA 348IY
UT WOS:000259205400015
ER
PT J
AU Yamane, GK
Bradshaw, BS
AF Yamane, Grover K.
Bradshaw, Benjamin S.
TI Motor vehicle driver death and high state maximum speed limits:
1991-1993
SO ACCIDENT ANALYSIS AND PREVENTION
LA English
DT Article
DE motor vehicle; driver; accident; crash; speed limit; highway; mortality
ID 65 MPH; MORTALITY; CRASHES; FATALITIES; ROAD; AGE
AB Objective: To measure the association between motor vehicle crash (MVC) driver death and high state maximum speed limits.
Methods: This Study used a case-control design and assessed driver deaths from three major types of MVCs: non-collision; collision with motor vehicles in transit; and collision with stationary objects. The study period was 1991-1993. For each type of crash, case subject populations of fatally injured drivers were obtained from the U.S. Department of Transportation Fatality Analysis Reporting System. Four control subject populations, each associated with a different cause of death, were obtained from a U.S. national death certificate database (the Causes of death were unintentional poisoning, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, drowning, and diabetes mellitus). Subjects were considered exposed if the state in which they crashed (for cases) or died (for controls) had a maximum speed limit greater than 55 mph. Each of the three case subject populations was compared against each of the four control subject populations. Odds ratios (ORs) were adjusted for age and gentler.
Results: For non-collision driver death, ORs ranged from 3.06 to 6.56, depending on the year and control group; all the ORs were significant. For collision with motor vehicles in transit driver death, ORs ranged from 1.12 to 2.22; all the ORs were significant. For collision with stationary objects driver death, ORs ranged from 0.87 to 1.83.
Conclusions: There was a moderately strong and significant association between non-collision driver death and high state maximum speed limits. For collision with motor vehicles in transit driver death, the association was somewhat milder but still consistent. For collision with stationary objects driver death, the presence of an association was unclear. During 1991-1993, the effects of high state maximum speed limits may have been different for different types of MVCs. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Yamane, Grover K.] USAF, Sch Aerosp Med, Brooks City Base, TX 78235 USA.
[Bradshaw, Benjamin S.] Univ Texas San Antonio, Sch Publ Hlth, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA.
RP Yamane, GK (reprint author), USAF, Sch Aerosp Med, 2513 Kennedy Circle, Brooks City Base, TX 78235 USA.
EM grover.yamane@us.af.mil
NR 23
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 1
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0001-4575
EI 1879-2057
J9 ACCIDENT ANAL PREV
JI Accid. Anal. Prev.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 40
IS 5
BP 1690
EP 1694
DI 10.1016/j.aap.2008.06.004
PG 5
WC Ergonomics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social
Sciences, Interdisciplinary; Transportation
SC Engineering; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social
Sciences - Other Topics; Transportation
GA 355WH
UT WOS:000259739400008
PM 18760097
ER
PT J
AU Peng, Q
Qu, LT
Dai, LM
Park, K
Vaia, RA
AF Peng, Qiang
Qu, Liangti
Dai, Liming
Park, Kyoungweon
Vaia, Richard A.
TI Asymmetrically charged carbon nanotubes by controlled functionalization
SO ACS NANO
LA English
DT Article
DE carbon nanotube; asymmetric functionalization; selective charge;
self-assembly
ID GOLD NANOPARTICLES; FILMS; MULTILAYERS; TRANSPORT; GROWTH
AB Surface modification of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) has been widely studied for some years. However, the asymmetric modification of individual CNTs with different molecular species/nanaparticles at the two end-tips or along the nanotube length is only a recent development. As far as we are aware, no attempt has so far been made to asymmetrically fundionalize individual CNTs with moieties of opposite charges. In this paper, we have demonstrated a simple, but effective, asymmetric modification of the sidewall of CNTs with oppositely charged moieties by plasma treatment and pi-pi stacking interaction. The as-prepared asymmetrically sidewall-functionalized CNTs can be used as a platform for bottom-up self-assembly of complex structures or can be charge-selectively self-assembled onto and/or between electrodes with specific biases under an appropriate applied voltage for potential device applications.
C1 [Peng, Qiang; Qu, Liangti; Dai, Liming] Univ Dayton, Dept Mat Engn, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
[Peng, Qiang; Qu, Liangti; Dai, Liming] Univ Dayton, Dept Chem, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
[Peng, Qiang; Qu, Liangti; Dai, Liming] Univ Dayton, UDRI, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
[Park, Kyoungweon; Vaia, Richard A.] USAF, Mat Mfg Directorate, Res Lab, RXBN, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Dai, LM (reprint author), Univ Dayton, Dept Mat Engn, 300 Coll Pk, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
EM ldai@udayton.edu; Richard.Vaia@wpafb.af.mil
FU AFRL/RX (LDF); AFOSR [FA9550-06-1-0384]; NSF [NIRT 06090771CMS-078055];
WBI [PIA FA8652-03-3-0005]
FX We are grateful for partial support from AFRL/RX (LDF), AFOSR
(FA9550-06-1-0384), NSF (NIRT 06090771CMS-078055), and WBI (PIA
FA8652-03-3-0005). We acknowledge the NEST Laboratory at LID for access
to the SEM and TEM facilities.
NR 33
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 1
U2 21
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1936-0851
J9 ACS NANO
JI ACS Nano
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 2
IS 9
BP 1833
EP 1840
DI 10.1021/nn8002532
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 351UB
UT WOS:000259450300015
PM 19206422
ER
PT J
AU Senkov, ON
Shagiev, MR
Senkova, SV
Miracle, DB
AF Senkov, O. N.
Shagiev, M. R.
Senkova, S. V.
Miracle, D. B.
TI Precipitation of Al-3(Sc,Zr) particles in an Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Sc-Zr alloy
during conventional solution heat treatment and its effect on tensile
properties
SO ACTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE aluminium alloys; aging; isothermal heat treatment; phase transformation
kinetics; precipitation
ID ALUMINUM-ALLOYS; COARSENING BEHAVIOR; VOLUME FRACTION; KINETICS; AL3SC;
SCANDIUM; MICROSTRUCTURE; COHERENCY; CAST; TEMPERATURE
AB The effect of heat treatment on precipitation and growth of coherent nanometer-sized Al-3(Sc,Zr) particles and the effect of these particles on tensile properties of a direct chill (DC) cast Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Sc-Zr alloy were Studied. The size distribution, average size, number density and volume fraction of the Al-3(Sc,Zr) particles were determined as a function of the solution treatment temperature and time. An increase in the solution treatment temperature and time resulted in Al-3(Sc,Zr) particles with a larger mean diameter, higher volume fraction and lower number density. The particle size distributions were described well by normal (Gaussian) distributions. The kinetics of the phase transformation followed the Kolmogorov-Johnson-Mehl-Avrami law, with the Avrami exponent m = 0.404. Room temperature tensile properties were evaluated in the as-solution treated and artificially aged conditions. The coherent nanometer-sized Al-3(Sc,Zr) particles provided additional Orowan strengthening, which increased with increasing particle volume fraction and decreasing particle size, and varied from 75 to 118 MPa after different heat treatments. (c) 2008 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Senkov, O. N.; Shagiev, M. R.; Senkova, S. V.] UES Inc, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
[Miracle, D. B.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Senkov, ON (reprint author), UES Inc, 4401 Dayton Xenia Rd, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
EM oleg.senkov@wpafb.af.mil
RI Senkov, Oleg/C-7197-2012
OI Senkov, Oleg/0000-0001-5587-415X
NR 62
TC 65
Z9 84
U1 3
U2 60
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6454
J9 ACTA MATER
JI Acta Mater.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 56
IS 15
BP 3723
EP 3738
DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2008.04.005
PG 16
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 351FG
UT WOS:000259409300002
ER
PT J
AU Qian, L
Solomon, C
Roble, RG
Bowman, BR
Marcos, FA
AF Qian, L.
Solomon, C.
Roble, R. G.
Bowman, B. R.
Marcos, F. A.
TI Thermospheric neutral density response to solar forcing
SO ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE thermospheric neutral density; density variation; general circulation
model; empirical model; solar energy deposition; solar spectral
irradiance
ID GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; LATENT-HEAT RELEASE; UPPER-ATMOSPHERE;
MESOSPHERE; DYNAMICS; MIDDLE; RADAR; TIDES; EUV; CO2
AB Recent measurements by the Solar EUV (Extreme Ultra Violet) Experiment (SEE) aboard the Thermosphere-Ionosphere-Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics satellite (TIMED) provide solar EUV spectral irradiance with adequate spectral and temporal resolution, and thus the opportunity to use solar measurements directly in upper atmospheric general circulation models. Thermospheric neutral density is simulated with the NCAR Tliermosphere-Ionospliere-Electrodynamic General Circulation Model (TIEGCM) using TIMED/SEE measurements and using the EUVAC solar proxy model. Neutral density is also calculated using the NRLMSISE-00 empirical model. These modeled densities are then compared to density measurements derived from satellite drag data. It is found that using measured solar irradiance in the general circulation model can improve density calculations compared to using the solar proxy model. It is also found that the general circulation model can improve upon the empirical model in simulating geomagnetic storm effects and the solar cycle variation of neutral density. (C) 2007 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Qian, L.; Solomon, C.; Roble, R. G.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Bowman, B. R.] USAF, Space Command, Colorado Springs, CO USA.
[Marcos, F. A.] USAF, Res Lab, Hanscom AFB, MA USA.
RP Qian, L (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
EM lqian@ucar.edu
RI Qian, Liying/D-9236-2013; Solomon, Stanley/J-4847-2012
OI Qian, Liying/0000-0003-2430-1388; Solomon, Stanley/0000-0002-5291-3034
NR 37
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0273-1177
EI 1879-1948
J9 ADV SPACE RES
JI Adv. Space Res.
PD SEP 1
PY 2008
VL 42
IS 5
BP 926
EP 932
DI 10.1016/j.asr.2007.10.019
PG 7
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 331YU
UT WOS:000258049400017
ER
PT J
AU Abate, G
Ol, M
Shyy, W
AF Abate, Gregg
Ol, Michael
Shyy, Wei
TI Introduction: Biologically inspired aerodynamics
SO AIAA JOURNAL
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID INSECT FLIGHT
C1 [Abate, Gregg; Ol, Michael] USAF, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20330 USA.
[Shyy, Wei] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
RP Abate, G (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20330 USA.
OI Shyy, Wei/0000-0001-6670-5394
NR 6
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER INST AERONAUTICS ASTRONAUTICS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0001-1452
EI 1533-385X
J9 AIAA J
JI AIAA J.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 46
IS 9
BP 2113
EP 2114
DI 10.2514/1.35949
PG 2
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 344JA
UT WOS:000258921500001
ER
PT J
AU Ricker, J
Kundrotas, L
AF Ricker, Jonathan
Kundrotas, Leon
TI The natural history of a gastrointestinal stromal tumor
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 73rd Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Gastroenterology
CY OCT 03-08, 2008
CL Orlando, FL
SP Amer Coll Gastroenterol
C1 [Ricker, Jonathan; Kundrotas, Leon] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 0002-9270
J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL
JI Am. J. Gastroenterol.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 103
SU S
MA 770
BP S303
EP S304
PG 2
WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology
SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology
GA 347MH
UT WOS:000259145200766
ER
PT J
AU Maturo, S
Weitzel, E
Brennan, J
AF Maturo, Stephen
Weitzel, Erik
Brennan, Joseph
TI An animal model for nasofrontal duct obstruction and frontal sinus
mucocele formation
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RHINOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 111th Annual Meeting of the
American-Academy-of-Otolaryngology-Head-and-Neck-Surgery-Foundation
CY SEP 16-19, 2007
CL Washington, DC
SP Amer Acad Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg Fdn
DE Animal; duct; etiology; fracture; frontal; goat; model; mucocele;
nasofrontal; pathogenesis; sinus
AB Background: This study was performed to show occlusion of the nasofrontal duct and mucocele formation in a goat model. A pilot study was performed to investigate whether a goat is a suitable model for creating nasofrontal duct obstruction and mucocele formation.
Methods: Three adult goats underwent frontal sinus anterior table osteoplastic flap creation with identification and occlusion of the nasofrontal outflow tract with frontalis muscle plugging. Three months later, the goats were killed and gross examination of the frontal Sinus, along with histopathological confirmation of mucocele formation, were performed.
Results: All animals showed mucocele formation on gross examination and histological sectioning. There was no gross or histological evidence of bony erosion. The nasofrontal outflow tracts remained occluded.
Conclusion: This study provides a suitable animal model for the investigation of nasofrontal outflow tract obstruction and mucocele formation in the frontal sinus. The goat frontal sinus and nasofrontal outflow tract provide an excellent model for frontal sinus studies because they are comparable in size with humans. The results provide evidence of mucocele formation with occluded nasofrontal outflow tracts.
C1 [Maturo, Stephen; Weitzel, Erik; Brennan, Joseph] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
RP Maturo, S (reprint author), 2200 Bergquist Dr,Ste 1, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
EM stephen.maturo@lakeland.af.mil
OI Weitzel, Erik/0000-0001-9155-3556
NR 4
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU OCEAN SIDE PUBLICATIONS INC
PI PROVIDENCE
PA 95 PITMAN ST, PROVIDENCE, RI 02906 USA
SN 1050-6586
J9 AM J RHINOL
JI Am. J. Rhinol.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2008
VL 22
IS 5
BP 474
EP 476
DI 10.2500/ajr.2008.22.3212
PG 3
WC Otorhinolaryngology
SC Otorhinolaryngology
GA 364UQ
UT WOS:000260361300005
PM 18954505
ER
PT J
AU Judd, CA
Parker, AL
Meier, EA
Tankersley, MS
AF Judd, Courtney A.
Parker, Amy L.
Meier, Eric A.
Tankersley, Michael S.
TI Successful administration of a 1-day imported fire ant rush
immunotherapy protocol
SO ANNALS OF ALLERGY ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID STINGING INSECT HYPERSENSITIVITY; PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL;
NATURAL-HISTORY; PRETREATMENT; EFFICACY; REDUCTION; ATTACKS; VENOM
AB Background: Young children with a history of systemic reactions to imported fire ant (IFA) stings are at substantial risk of recurrent stings because of their maturational inability to practice appropriate avoidance techniques.
Objective: To present 3 cases in which patients 36 months or younger completed a 1 day rush immunotherapy (RIT) protocol with IFA whole-body extract (WBE).
Methods: The 1-day RIT protocol used for these patients was modified from the Wilford Hall 2-day rush protocol previously published. A 1:1 vol/vol maintenance vial consisted of 1 mL of IFA WBE and 9 mL of human serum albumin diluent in a 10-mL vial.
Results: All 3 patients had positive intradermal skin test results to IFA WBE. No systemic reactions occurred during the 1-day RIT.
Conclusions: This case series provides data with which we can begin to assess the efficacy and safety of a 1-day IFA RIT protocol for the prevention of anaphylaxis in IFA allergic children. Further Studies with larger numbers of patients are needed to confirm the findings.
C1 [Judd, Courtney A.; Parker, Amy L.; Meier, Eric A.; Tankersley, Michael S.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Allergy & Immunol, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA.
RP Tankersley, MS (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Allergy & Immunol, 2200 Bergquist Dr,Suite 1, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA.
EM michael.tankersley@lackland.af.mil
FU US Air Force
FX This study was funded by the US Air Force. The opinions and assertions
contained herein are the private views of the authors and are not to be
construed as reflecting the views of the US Department of the Air Force.
the US Department of Defense, or the US government.
NR 16
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER COLL ALLERGY ASTHMA IMMUNOLOGY
PI ARLINGTON HTS
PA 85 WEST ALGONQUIN RD SUITE 550, ARLINGTON HTS, IL 60005 USA
SN 1081-1206
J9 ANN ALLERG ASTHMA IM
JI Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 101
IS 3
BP 311
EP 315
PG 5
WC Allergy; Immunology
SC Allergy; Immunology
GA 346GH
UT WOS:000259056300014
PM 18814455
ER
PT J
AU Bebarta, VS
AF Bebarta, Vikhyat S.
TI Balad's green doors
SO ANNALS OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Bebarta, Vikhyat S.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Wilford Hall Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA.
RP Bebarta, VS (reprint author), USAF, Med Ctr, Emergency Dept, 2200 Berquist Dr,Suite 1, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
EM vikbebarta@yahoo.com
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0196-0644
J9 ANN EMERG MED
JI Ann. Emerg. Med.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 52
IS 3
BP 304
EP 305
DI 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2008.01.009
PG 2
WC Emergency Medicine
SC Emergency Medicine
GA 348UN
UT WOS:000259235700028
PM 18722250
ER
PT J
AU Hiers, R
AF Hiers, R.
TI A control volume derivation of the energy equation for LII modeling
SO APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS
LA English
DT Article
ID SMALL-PARTICLE COMBUSTION
AB This paper considers the unsteady energy equation for a particle undergoing processes relevant to laser-induced incandescence. The energy equation is derived using both an integral control volume formalism and a differential approach. Confusion in the previous literature over the form of the energy equation is traced to the evaluation of the energy flux terms to and from the particle surface. Terms such as the heat of sublimation or heat of combustion are shown to arise naturally in both the control volume and differential derivations. Problems associated with the confusion regarding the flux terms resulting in incorrect energy equations are also identified.
C1 AEDC, ATA, Arnold AFB, TN 37389 USA.
RP Hiers, R (reprint author), AEDC, ATA, 939 Shriever Ave, Arnold AFB, TN 37389 USA.
EM robert.hiers@arnold.af.mil
NR 7
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0946-2171
J9 APPL PHYS B-LASERS O
JI Appl. Phys. B-Lasers Opt.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 92
IS 4
BP 635
EP 641
DI 10.1007/s00340-008-3122-3
PG 7
WC Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Optics; Physics
GA 341MA
UT WOS:000258717400028
ER
PT J
AU Chai, N
Naik, SV
Laurendeau, NM
Lucht, RP
Roy, S
Gord, JR
AF Chai, Ning
Naik, Sameer V.
Laurendeau, Normand M.
Lucht, Robert P.
Roy, Sukesh
Gord, James R.
TI Single-laser-shot detection of nitric oxide in reacting flows using
electronic resonance enhanced coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID HIGH-PRESSURE FLAMES; INDUCED FLUORESCENCE MEASUREMENTS; CARS;
SPECTROSCOPY; NO; OH
AB Single-laser-shot electronic resonance enhanced coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (ERE-CARS) spectra of nitric oxide (NO) were generated using the 532 nm output of an injection-seeded Nd:YAG (yttrium aluminum garnet) laser as the pump beam, a broadband dye laser at approximately 591 nm as the Stokes beam, and a 236 nm narrowband ultraviolet probe beam. Single-laser-shot ERE-CARS spectra of NO were acquired in an atmospheric-pressure hydrogen/air counterflow diffusion flame. The single-shot detection limit in this flame was found to be approximately 30 ppm, and the standard deviation of the measured NO concentration was found to be approximately 20% of the mean. (c) 2008 American Institute of Physics.
C1 [Chai, Ning; Naik, Sameer V.; Laurendeau, Normand M.; Lucht, Robert P.] Purdue Univ, Sch Mech Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Roy, Sukesh] Innovat Sci Solut Inc, Dayton, OH 45440 USA.
[Gord, James R.] USAF, Res Lab, Prop Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Chai, N (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Sch Mech Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
EM nchai@purdue.edu
RI Chai, Ning/I-1029-2012
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-07-C-0036]; Air Force
Research Laboratory, Propulsion Directorate, Wright-Patterson Air Force
Base [F33615-03-D-2329]
FX Funding for this research was provided by the Air Force Office of
Scientific Research under Contract No. FA9550-07-C-0036 (Dr. Julian
Tishkoff, Program Manager) and by the Air Force Research Laboratory,
Propulsion Directorate, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, under Contract
No. F33615-03-D-2329. We thank Mr. M. Thariyan, Mr. V.
Ananathanarayanan, and Mr. A. Bhuiyan for providing us with the CARS
temperature measurements.
NR 20
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 2
U2 6
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD SEP 1
PY 2008
VL 93
IS 9
AR 091115
DI 10.1063/1.2973166
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 345DH
UT WOS:000258975800015
ER
PT J
AU Varanasi, CV
Burke, J
Wang, H
Lee, JH
Barnes, PN
AF Varanasi, C. V.
Burke, J.
Wang, H.
Lee, J. H.
Barnes, P. N.
TI Thick YBa(2)Cu(3)O(7-x)+BaSnO(3) films with enhanced critical current
density at high magnetic fields
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID SELF-ASSEMBLED NANODOTS; YBA2CU3O7-DELTA FILMS; BASNO3 NANOPARTICLES;
SUPERCONDUCTOR; PERFORMANCE; TEMPLATES; NANORODS
AB The thickness dependence was studied for the critical current density (J(c)) of YBa(2)Cu(3)O(7-x)(YBCO)+BaSnO(3) (BSO) nanocomposite films. These films showed a significantly reduced decline of the J(c) with thickness, especially at high magnetic fields. For example, a 2 mu m thick YBCO+BSO film had a J(c)similar to 3x10(5) A/cm(2) at 5 T as compared to a typical J(c) of 2.4x10(3) A/cm(2) at 5 T for a 300 nm thick YBCO film. The thick YBCO+BSO films maintained high T(c) (>88 K) and had a high density (2.5x10(11)/cm(2)) of continuous BSO nanocolumns that likely contributed for the observed J(c) enhancements. (c) 2008 American Institute of Physics.
C1 [Varanasi, C. V.; Burke, J.] Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
[Varanasi, C. V.; Burke, J.; Barnes, P. N.] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Wang, H.; Lee, J. H.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
RP Varanasi, CV (reprint author), Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
EM chakrapani.varanasi@wpafb.af.mil
RI Wang, Haiyan/P-3550-2014
OI Wang, Haiyan/0000-0002-7397-1209
NR 21
TC 43
Z9 44
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD SEP 1
PY 2008
VL 93
IS 9
AR 092501
DI 10.1063/1.2976683
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 345DH
UT WOS:000258975800036
ER
PT J
AU Balldin, U
Annicelli, L
Gibbons, J
Kisner, J
AF Balldin, Ulf
Annicelli, Lance
Gibbons, John
Kisner, James
TI An electrical muscle stimulation suit for increasing blood pressure
SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
DE electrical muscle stimulation; muscle straining; G-suit; blood pressure
ID HIGH-VOLTAGE; VOLUNTARY; FATIGUE; CONTRACTION; FREQUENCY; EXERCISE
AB Background: Electrical muscle stimulation (EMS) is used to strengthen muscles in rehabilitation of patients and for training of athletes. Voluntary muscle straining and an inflated anti-G suit increase the arterial blood pressure (BP) and give a pilot G protection during increased +G(z). This study's aim was to measure whether BP also increases with EMS of lower body muscles. Methods: A suit with new cloth electrodes sewn into the garment was developed. There were 12 subjects who were tested in sitting position during 3 conditions with 10 consecutive periods of EMS, inflated anti-G suit (GS), or lower body muscle anti-G straining maneuvers (AGSM). BP was continuously measured noninvasively. Results: The means of the baseline systolic BP, before each of the test conditions, were 127 +/- 16, 128 +/- 11, and 145 +/- 14 mmHg for GS, AGSM, and EMS, respectively. During inflation of the GS, execution of the AGSM, and EMS, mean systolic BP during the first 10 s was 143 +/- 15, 146 +/- 13, and 150 +/- 13 mmHg, respectively, with no statistical difference between the conditions. The corresponding mean resting heart rate before each test was 57-63 bpm for all conditions. During the test periods with GS, AGSM, and EMS, heart rate was 59 +/- 11, 79 +/- 16, and 61 +/- 15 bpm, respectively, with statistical differences (P < 0.001) between AGSM and the other two conditions. Conclusion: EMS created similar BP as GS and AGSM at 1 G and also had higher pre- and post-control values. Further studies are required to evaluate if this principle may be used for G protection of pilots.
C1 [Gibbons, John] USAF AFRL RHP, Brooks City Base, TX USA.
[Balldin, Ulf] USAF, Res Lab, Wyle Integrated Sci & Engn Grp, Biosci & Protect Div, Brooks City Base, TX USA.
[Annicelli, Lance] Bolling AFB, Washington, DC USA.
RP Balldin, U (reprint author), AFRL RHPG, 2485 Gillingham Dr, Brooks City Base, TX USA.
EM ulf.balldin.ctr@brooks.af.mil
NR 13
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA
SN 0095-6562
J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD
JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 79
IS 9
BP 914
EP 918
DI 10.3357/ASEM.2192.2008
PG 5
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General &
Internal; Sport Sciences
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal
Medicine; Sport Sciences
GA 344UG
UT WOS:000258952200012
PM 18785362
ER
PT J
AU Eby, DM
Farrington, KE
Johnson, GR
AF Eby, D. Matthew
Farrington, Karen E.
Johnson, Glenn R.
TI Synthesis of bioinorganic antimicrobial peptide nanoparticles with
potential therapeutic properties
SO BIOMACROMOLECULES
LA English
DT Article
ID HOST-DEFENSE PEPTIDES; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; COMBINATORIAL LIBRARIES;
ANTIBACTERIAL PEPTIDES; IMMUNE EVASION; SILICA; ENZYMES; IMMOBILIZATION;
IDENTIFICATION; DATABASE
AB Amphiphilicity and cationicity are properties shared between antimicrobial peptides and proteins that catalyze biomineralization reactions. Merging these two functionalities, we demonstrate a reaction where a cationic antimicrobial peptide catalyzes self-biomineralization within inorganic matrices. The resultant antimicrobial peptide nanoparticles retain biocidal activity, protect the peptide from proteolytic degradation, and facilitate a continuous release of the antibiotic over time. Taken together, these properties demonstrate the therapeutic potential of self-synthesizing biomaterials that retain the biocidal properties of antimicrobial peptides.
C1 [Eby, D. Matthew; Johnson, Glenn R.] Universal Technol Corp, Tyndall AFB, FL 32403 USA.
[Farrington, Karen E.] Appl Res Associates Inc, Tyndall AFB, FL 32403 USA.
[Johnson, Glenn R.] Mat & Mfg Directorate, Air Force Res Lab, Tyndall AFB, FL 32403 USA.
RP Eby, DM (reprint author), Universal Technol Corp, 139 Barnes Dr,Suite 2, Tyndall AFB, FL 32403 USA.
EM matt.eby.ctr@tyndall.af.mil; glenn.johnson@tyndall.af.mil
FU Air Force Materials and Manufacturing Directorate (AFRL/RX); Joint
Science and Technology Office; Defense Threat Reduction Agency
[AA06CBT008]
FX We thank Sue Sizemore for assistance in antimicrobial assays, Heather
Luckarift and Lloyd Nadeau for useful discussions, Pamela Lloyd and
Rajesh Naik at Wri ght- Patterson Air Force Base, OH, for elemental
analysis, and Karen Kelly at University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, for
FESEM and TEM images. Research was supported by funding from Air Force
Materials and Manufacturing Directorate (AFRL/RX) and the Joint Science
and Technology Office, Defense Threat Reduction Agency, under Project
Code AA06CBT008 (Ilya Elashvil i, Jennifer Becker and Stephen Lee,
Program Managers).
NR 64
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 5
U2 15
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1525-7797
J9 BIOMACROMOLECULES
JI Biomacromolecules
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 9
IS 9
BP 2487
EP 2494
DI 10.1021/bm800512e
PG 8
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Organic; Polymer Science
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Polymer Science
GA 345YH
UT WOS:000259033700026
PM 18661941
ER
PT J
AU McGlasson, DL
Romick, BG
Rubal, BJ
AF McGlasson, David L.
Romick, Benjamin G.
Rubal, Bernard J.
TI Comparison of a chromogenic factor X assay with international normalized
ratio for monitoring oral anticoagulation therapy
SO BLOOD COAGULATION & FIBRINOLYSIS
LA English
DT Article
DE anticoagulation therapy; chromogenic factor X; international normalized
ratio; warfarin therapy
ID LUPUS ANTICOAGULANT; ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID SYNDROME; WARFARIN
AB The purpose of the present study was to compare the international normalized ratio with a chromogenic factor X (CFX) assay for monitoring patients on oral anticoagulant therapy using the DiaPharma CFX method on a STA-R Evolution coagulation analyzer. International normalized ratio values were correlated with the CFX for determining normal, subtherapeutic, therapeutic and supratherapeutic ranges for these patients. Specimens were analyzed and grouped as normal or patients on oral anticoagulant therapy with international normalized ratios of less than 2.0, 2.0-3.0, and more than 3.0. Three hundred and nine randomly selected oral anticoagulant therapy patients were tested. The range of international normalized ratio and CFX in oral anticoagulant therapy patients was 0.92-12.76 and 9-132%, respectively. CFX was inversely related to international normalized ratio; R = 0.964 (P < 0.0001) (CFX = 13.2 + (5.3/international normalized ratio) + (81.3/ international normalized ratio(2)). Results by group were as follows: normal (n = 30), CFX range 72-131 %, mean CFX 96%; international normalized ratio less than 2.0 (n = 70), CFX range 32-132%, mean CFX 53%; international normalized ratio 2.0-3.0 (n = 135), CFX range 18-48%, mean CFX 28%; international normalized ratio more than 3.0 (n = 104), CFX range 9-46%, mean CFX 21 %. Sensitivity and specificity crossed at a CFX of 35.5%, which yielded a sensitivity of 91.7% and a specificity of 91.9% for discriminating international normalized ratio of at least 2.0. Area under the curve on receiver-operator curve using international normalized ratio was 0.984 (P < 0.001). In this randomly selected group of oral anticoagulant therapy patients and normal individuals at varying levels of anticoagulation, CFX correlated well with international normalized ratio as determined by R = 0.964. The data suggests that the CFX can be a useful tool for monitoring oral anticoagulation in patient populations in which confounders to international normalized ratio may be present. Further investigation with the use of CFX for monitoring is warranted in large patient populations on oral anticoagulant therapy, including follow-up for clinical outcomes.
C1 [Rubal, Bernard J.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA.
[McGlasson, David L.; Romick, Benjamin G.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
RP McGlasson, DL (reprint author), CLS INCA, 59MTG-SGRL,2200 Berquist Dr,Bldg 4430, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
EM david.mcglasson@lackland.af.mil
FU Surgeon General Office of the United States Air Force
FX The authors of this manuscript would like to acknowledge George A.
Fritsma, MS, MT (ASCP) proprietor of www.fritsmafactor.com.; There are
no conflicts of interest by any of the authors that require disclosure.;
The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not
reflect the official policy of the Department of Defense or other
Departments of the United States Government. This work was supported by
the Surgeon General Office of the United States Air Force.
NR 17
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 3
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA
SN 0957-5235
EI 1473-5733
J9 BLOOD COAGUL FIBRIN
JI Blood Coagul. Fibrinolysis
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 19
IS 6
BP 513
EP 517
PG 5
WC Hematology
SC Hematology
GA 348KL
UT WOS:000259209300007
PM 18685434
ER
PT J
AU Jiang, H
Eyink, K
Grant, JT
Enlow, J
Tullis, S
Bunning, TJ
AF Jiang, Hao
Eyink, Kurt
Grant, John T.
Enlow, Jesse
Tullis, Scott
Bunning, Timothy J.
TI PECVD Siloxane and Fluorine-Based Copolymer Thin Films
SO CHEMICAL VAPOR DEPOSITION
LA English
DT Article
DE FTIR; Optics; Plasma polymerization; Thin films; XPS
ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; PLASMA COPOLYMERIZATION; PHOTONIC FILMS;
POLYMERIZATION; OCTAFLUOROCYCLOBUTANE; FABRICATION; COATINGS; GROWTH;
HEXAMETHYLDISILOXANE; ORGANOSILICONES
AB Plasma copolymerization is utilized to fabricate thin photonic films based on hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDSO, C6H18Si2O) and octafluorocyclobutane (OFCB, C4F8). The structure of the plasma copolymerized films is examined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and the optical properties including, refractive index, it, and extinction coefficient, k, are determined by spectroscopic ellipsometry. The refractive indices, which range from 1.38 to 1.54, can be manipulated by adjusting the volume ratio of the two monomers, HMDSO and OFCB, during the polymerization. A nonlinear relationship between the refractive index and extinction coefficient with comonomer feed ratio is observed. A strong initial increase in both it and k as the amount of HMDSO is increased is attributed to significant defluorination of the resultant polymer films coupled with the formation of a C-C rich crosslinked network. Once the network incorporates substantial amounts of Si-C and Si-O bonds, the refractive index starts to decrease slowly due to a lowering of the density. XPS and FTIR results confirm the changes in internal structure consistent with this mechanism.
C1 [Jiang, Hao] Mat Sci & Tech Applicat LLC, Dayton, OH 45458 USA.
[Eyink, Kurt; Enlow, Jesse; Tullis, Scott; Bunning, Timothy J.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Grant, John T.] Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
RP Jiang, H (reprint author), Mat Sci & Tech Applicat LLC, 409 Maple Springs Dr, Dayton, OH 45458 USA.
EM hao.jiang@wpafb.af.mil
NR 47
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 5
U2 8
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 0948-1907
J9 CHEM VAPOR DEPOS
JI Chem. Vapor Depos.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2008
VL 14
IS 9-10
BP 286
EP 291
DI 10.1002/cvde.200806684
PG 6
WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics,
Condensed Matter
SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science; Physics
GA 369PH
UT WOS:000260705900003
ER
PT J
AU Beall, DP
Martin, HD
Mintz, DN
Ly, JQ
Costello, RF
Braly, BA
Yoosefian, F
AF Beall, Douglas P.
Martin, Hal D.
Mintz, Douglas N.
Ly, Justin Q.
Costello, Richard F.
Braly, Brett A.
Yoosefian, Farida
TI Anatomic and structural evaluation of the hip: a cross-sectional imaging
technique combining anatomic and biomechanical evaluations
SO CLINICAL IMAGING
LA English
DT Article
DE magnetic resonance imaging; computed tomography; magnetic resonance
arthrography; multidetector computed tomography; adult hip
ID MR ARTHROGRAPHY; ACETABULAR LABRUM; LENGTH INEQUALITY; CARTILAGE
LESIONS; ABNORMALITIES
AB To describe a technique of cross-sectional imaging of the adult hip designed to evaluate for anatomic anomalies that may predispose to internal derangement in addition to the routine anatomic assessment.
Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, MR arthrography, and multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) scanning protocols utilize high-resolution imaging, and the surrounding anatomy is also assessed using these scanning techniques. Various measurements may be obtained to assess the overarching anatomic configuration including the caput caput collum diaphysis angle, the femoral angle of torsion, the acetabular angle of torsion, the center edge angle, and the femur length. (C) 2008 Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 [Ly, Justin Q.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Radiol & Nucl Med, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
[Mintz, Douglas N.] Hosp Special Surg, Dept Radiol, New York, NY 10021 USA.
[Martin, Hal D.; Braly, Brett A.] Oklahoma Sports, Oklahoma City, OK 73118 USA.
[Beall, Douglas P.] Phys Grp, Oklahoma City, OK USA.
[Beall, Douglas P.; Costello, Richard F.] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Radiol, Oklahoma City, OK 73103 USA.
RP Yoosefian, F (reprint author), 7980 Linderg Landing,HSG TF, Brooks City Base, TX 78235 USA.
EM dpb@okss.com; haldavidmartin@yahoo.com; mintz.d@hss.edu;
jlyl5544@hotmail.com; brett-braly@ouhsc.edu;
farida.yooscfian@brooks.af.mil
NR 29
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0899-7071
J9 CLIN IMAG
JI Clin. Imaging
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2008
VL 32
IS 5
BP 372
EP 381
DI 10.1016/j.clinimag.2008.01.026
PG 10
WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
GA 348LI
UT WOS:000259211600007
PM 18760725
ER
PT J
AU Lyon, DR
Gunzelmann, G
Gluck, KA
AF Lyon, Don R.
Gunzelmann, Glenn
Gluck, Kevin A.
TI A computational model of spatial visualization capacity
SO COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE spatial visualization; visuospatial working memory; mental imagery;
ACT-R; computational model
ID MENTAL ROTATION; LOCATIONAL REPRESENTATION; FUNCTIONAL ARCHITECTURE;
INDIVIDUAL-DIFFERENCES; PREFRONTAL CORTEX; INTEGRATED THEORY;
WORKING-MEMORY; PERFORMANCE; IMAGERY; OBJECTS
AB Visualizing spatial material is a cornerstone of human problem solving, but human visualization capacity is sharply limited. To investigate the sources of this limit, we developed a new task to measure visualization accuracy for verbally-described spatial paths (similar to street directions), and implemented a computational process model to perform it. In this model, developed within the Adaptive Control of Thought-Rational (ACT-R) architecture, visualization capacity is limited by three mechanisms. Two of these (associative interference and decay) are longstanding characteristics of ACT-R's declarative memory. A third (spatial interference) is a new mechanism motivated by spatial proximity effects in our data. We tested the model in two experiments, one with parameter-value fitting, and a replication without further fitting. Correspondence between model and data was close in both experiments, Suggesting that the model may be useful for understanding why Visualizing new, complex spatial material is so difficult. (C) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Lyon, Don R.] USAF, Res Lab, Commun L3, Mesa, AZ 85212 USA.
RP Lyon, DR (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Commun L3, 6030 S Kent St, Mesa, AZ 85212 USA.
EM don.lyon@mesa.afmc.af.mil
FU U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research [02HE01COR]; Air Force
Research Laboratory's Human Effectiveness Directorate [F1624-97-D-5000,
FA8650-05-D-6502]
FX This research was supported by the U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific
Research (Grant 02HE01COR), and the Air Force Research Laboratory's
Human Effectiveness Directorate (Contracts F1624-97-D-5000 and
FA8650-05-D-6502). Portions of this research have been presented at the
International Conference on Cognitive Modeling and the Annual Meeting of
the Cognitive Science Society. We thank David Irwin and an anonymous
reviewer for suggesting the analysis of model variants; Jerry Ball,
Michael Krusmark and two anonymous reviewers for other helpful comments
Ben Sperry for software development; and Christy Caballero and Lisa Park
for research assistance.
NR 46
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 5
U2 11
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0010-0285
J9 COGNITIVE PSYCHOL
JI Cogn. Psychol.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 57
IS 2
BP 122
EP 152
DI 10.1016/j.cogpsych.2007.12.003
PG 31
WC Psychology; Psychology, Experimental
SC Psychology
GA 350YS
UT WOS:000259390400002
PM 18314098
ER
PT J
AU Cathey, C
Cain, J
Wang, H
Gundersen, MA
Carter, C
Ryan, M
AF Cathey, Charles
Cain, Jeremy
Wang, Hai
Gundersen, Martin A.
Carter, Campbell
Ryan, Michael
TI OH production by transient plasma and mechanism of flame ignition and
propagation in quiescent methane-air mixtures
SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME
LA English
DT Article
DE transient plasma; pulsed powerr; OH; volumetric ignition; transient
plasma ignition; planar laser induction fluorescence; high speed imaging
ID VIBRATIONAL-ENERGY TRANSFER; PULSED CORONA DISCHARGE; BURNING
VELOCITIES; MARKSTEIN LENGTHS; RATES; STATE; RADICALS; DYNAMICS;
2-SIGMA+; NITROGEN
AB Transient plasma induced production of OH is followed in a quiescent, stoichiometric CH4-air mixture using the planar laser induced fluorescence technique. Ignition and subsequent flame propagation, for both the transient plasma and traditional spark ignition, are observed with a high speed camera (2000 fps). The transient plasma is generated using a 70 ns FWHM, 60 kV, 800 mJ pulse. OH production was confirmed throughout the chamber volume; however, the mean number density was found to decay below 1.3 x 10(14) cm(-3) near 100 mu s. Nonetheless, ignition induced by transient plasma was decidedly faster than by spark ignition. Using the high speed camera, ignition initiated by transient plasma was found to occur along the length of the anode at approximately 1 ms, leading to the formation of a wrinkled, cylindrically-shaped flame. Analysis of the flame front propagation rates shows that flames ignited by transient plasma propagate essentially at the speed consistent with well accepted literature values for the stoichiometric methane-air mixture. The supports the notion that residue plasma, if any has little effect on flame propagation. (C) 2008 The Combustion Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Cathey, Charles; Cain, Jeremy; Wang, Hai; Gundersen, Martin A.] Univ So Calif, Dept Elect Engn Electrophys, Seaver Sci Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
[Carter, Campbell] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Ryan, Michael] Universal Technol Corp, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
RP Cathey, C (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Dept Elect Engn Electrophys, Seaver Sci Ctr, SSC 410,920 W 37th Pl, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
EM cathey@usc.edu
RI Wang, Hai/A-1292-2009
OI Wang, Hai/0000-0001-6507-5503
NR 35
TC 30
Z9 33
U1 2
U2 20
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0010-2180
J9 COMBUST FLAME
JI Combust. Flame
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 154
IS 4
BP 715
EP 727
DI 10.1016/j.combustflame-2008.03.025
PG 13
WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary;
Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA 344PR
UT WOS:000258940300006
ER
PT J
AU Vahala, G
Keating, B
Soe, M
Yepez, J
Vahala, L
Carter, J
Ziegeler, S
AF Vahala, G.
Keating, B.
Soe, M.
Yepez, J.
Vahala, L.
Carter, J.
Ziegeler, S.
TI MHD turbulence studies using lattice Boltzmann algorithms
SO COMMUNICATIONS IN COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 20th International Conference on Numerical Simulation of Plasmas
CY OCT 10-12, 2007
CL Austin, TX
DE turbulence; lattice Boltzmann method; entropy; MHD
ID MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC TURBULENCE; H-THEOREM; MODELS; HYDRODYNAMICS;
PERFORMANCE
AB Three dimensional free-decaying MHD turbulence is simulated by lattice Boltzmann methods on a spatial grid of 8000(3) for low and high magnetic Prandtl number. It is verified that Delta . B = 0 is automatically maintained to machine accuracy throughout the simulation. Isosurfaces of vorticity and current show the persistence of many large scale structures (both magnetic and velocity) for long times - unlike the velocity isosurfaces of Navier-Stokes turbulence.
C1 [Vahala, G.; Keating, B.] William & Mary, Dept Phys, Williamsburg, VA 23185 USA.
[Keating, B.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Ocean & Resources Engn, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Soe, M.] Rogers State Univ, Dept Math & Phys, Claremore, OK 74017 USA.
[Yepez, J.] USAF, Res Lab, Bedford, MA 01731 USA.
[Vahala, L.] Old Dominion Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA.
[Carter, J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, NERSC Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Ziegeler, S.] Mississippi State Univ, High Performance Comp Modernizat Program, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
RP Vahala, G (reprint author), William & Mary, Dept Phys, Williamsburg, VA 23185 USA.
EM gvahala@gmail.com; brkeats@gmail.com; msoe.rsu@gmail.com;
ieffrey.yepez@gmail.com; lvahala@odu.edu; jtcarter@lbl.gov;
sean.ziegeler@nrlssc.navy.mil
NR 29
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 1
PU GLOBAL SCIENCE PRESS
PI WANCHAI
PA ROOM 2303, OFFICER TOWER, CONVENTION PLAZA, 1 HARBOUR ROAD, WANCHAI,
HONG KONG 00000, PEOPLES R CHINA
SN 1815-2406
J9 COMMUN COMPUT PHYS
JI Commun. Comput. Phys.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 4
IS 3
BP 624
EP 646
PG 23
WC Physics, Mathematical
SC Physics
GA 347CV
UT WOS:000259119100013
ER
PT J
AU Jones, K
Shinde, SR
Clark, PN
Hoeppner, DW
AF Jones, Kimberli
Shinde, Sachin R.
Clark, Paul N.
Hoeppner, David W.
TI Effect of prior corrosion on short crack behavior in 2024-T3 aluminum
alloy
SO CORROSION SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Aluminum; Corrosion fatigue; Pitting corrosion
ID FATIGUE-LIFE; INITIATION; PREDICTION; GROWTH; PITS
AB Two thicknesses of dogbone shaped 2024-T3 aluminum alloy specimens were notched and corroded prior to constant amplitude fatigue loading. The purpose of the subject research was to examine and characterize the effects of various levels of prior corrosion on the growth rate of short fatigue cracks. The specimens were notched and exposed to a corrosive environment per one of three defined protocols prior to experimentation. The notch was manually introduced at one edge of the test section of the specimen, which was later corroded to create a more natural site for crack origination. Fatigue crack nucleation was monitored and subsequent crack growth recorded, with results presented in the form of da/dN vs. Delta K curves. (c) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Jones, Kimberli; Shinde, Sachin R.; Hoeppner, David W.] Univ Utah, Dept Mech Engn, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
[Clark, Paul N.] USAF, Hill AFB, UT USA.
RP Jones, K (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept Mech Engn, 50 S Cent Campus Dr, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
EM Kimberli.Jones@utah.edu
FU United States Air Force/Air Force Research Laboratory; Lockheed Martin
Aeronautics Company; Corrosion Fatigue Structural Demonstration Program
FX The authors wish to acknowledge the United States Air Force/Air Force
Research Laboratory and Lockheed Martin Aeronautics Company for their
financial support and the University of Utah for the use of their
facilities. This study was funded through the Corrosion Fatigue
Structural Demonstration Program. The authors would like to offer
sincere thanks to Sergio Limon, Larry Smiltneek, Paul McMullin, and
Charles "Torch" Elliott of the University of Utah for their
contributions, as well as J.T. Huang and Robert Bell of Lockheed Martin
for their technical oversight.
NR 22
TC 10
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 6
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0010-938X
J9 CORROS SCI
JI Corrosion Sci.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 50
IS 9
BP 2588
EP 2595
DI 10.1016/j.corsci.2008.06.039
PG 8
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 364TT
UT WOS:000260358900019
ER
PT J
AU Caravello, V
McCullough, EA
Ashley, CD
Bernard, TE
AF Caravello, Victor
McCullough, Elizabeth A.
Ashley, Candi D.
Bernard, Thomas E.
TI Apparent evaporative resistance at critical conditions for five clothing
ensembles
SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 2nd International Conference on Environmental Ergonomics
CY 2007
CL Piran, SLOVENIA
SP Ergon Soc
DE heat stress; protective clothing; evaporative resistance
ID HEAT-EXCHANGE; COEFFICIENTS; PREDICTION; STANDARDS; PROPOSAL; MODELS
AB A limiting factor for clothing ensembles inherent during heat stress exposures is the evaporative resistance, which can be used to compare candidate ensembles and in rational models of heat exchange. In this study, the apparent total evaporative resistance of five clothing ensembles (cotton work clothes, cotton coveralls, and coveralls made of Tyvek (R) 1424 and 1427, NexGen (R) and Tychem QC (R)) was estimated empirically from wear trials using a progressive heat stress protocol and from clothing insulation adjustments based on ISO 9920 (2007) and wetness. The metabolic rate was moderate at 165 W m(-2) and relative humidity was held at 50%. Twenty-nine heat-acclimated participants (20 men and 9 women) completed trials for all clothing ensembles. A general linear mixed effects model (ensemble and participants as a random effect) was used to analyze the data. Significant differences (p < 0.0001) among ensembles were observed for apparent total evaporative resistance. As expected, Tychem QC had the highest apparent total evaporative resistance at 0.033 kPa m(2) W(-1). NexGen was next at 0.017 kPa m(2) W(-1). These were followed by Tyvek 1424 at 0.015 kPa m(2) W(-1), and Tyvek 1427, Cotton Coveralls and Work Clothes all at 0.013 kPa m(2) W(-1). This wear test method improves on past methods using the progressive protocol to determine evaporative resistance by including the effects of movement, air motion and wetness on the estimate of clothing insulation. The pattern of evaporative resistance is the same as that for critical WBGTs and a linear relationship between apparent total evaporative resistance and WBGT clothing adjustment factor is suggested. With the large sample size, a good estimate of sample variance associated with progressive method can be made, where the standard error is 0.0044 kPa m(2) W(-1) with a 95% confidence interval of 0.0040-0.0050 kPa m(2) W(-1).
C1 [Caravello, Victor; Bernard, Thomas E.] Univ S Florida, Coll Publ Hlth, Tampa, FL 33612 USA.
[Caravello, Victor] AF Inst Operat Hlth, USAF, Okinawa, Japan.
[McCullough, Elizabeth A.] Kansas State Univ, Inst Environm Res, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA.
[Ashley, Candi D.] Univ S Florida, Coll Educ, Tampa, FL 33612 USA.
RP Bernard, TE (reprint author), Univ S Florida, Coll Publ Hlth, Tampa, FL 33612 USA.
EM tbernard@health.usf.edu
FU NIOSH CDC HHS [R01 OH003983, 1R01 OH03983]
NR 18
TC 10
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 6
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1439-6319
J9 EUR J APPL PHYSIOL
JI Eur. J. Appl. Physiol.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 104
IS 2
BP 361
EP 367
DI 10.1007/s00421-007-0655-9
PG 7
WC Physiology; Sport Sciences
SC Physiology; Sport Sciences
GA 339WZ
UT WOS:000258609300029
PM 18172671
ER
PT J
AU Wu, MY
Smits, KM
Goltz, MN
Christ, JA
AF Wu, Monica Y.
Smits, Kathleen M.
Goltz, Mark N. .
Christ, John A.
TI A Screening Model for Injection-Extraction Treatment Well Recirculation
System Design
SO GROUND WATER MONITORING AND REMEDIATION
LA English
DT Article
ID SITU COMETABOLIC BIODEGRADATION; FULL-SCALE DEMONSTRATION; LONG-TERM
PERFORMANCE; CAPTURE-ZONE; REDUCTIVE DEHALOGENATION; CHLORINATED
ALIPHATICS; AQUIFER REMEDIATION; CIS-DCE; GROUNDWATER; TRICHLOROETHYLENE
AB Implementation of injection-extraction treatment well pairs for in situ, in-well, or on-site remediation may be facilitated by development and application of modeling tools to aid in hydraulic design and remediation technology selection. In this study, complex potential theory was employed to derive a simple one-step design equation and related type curves that permit the calculation of the extraction well capture zone and the hydraulic recirculation between an injection and extraction well pair oriented perpendicular to regional flow. This equation may be used to aid in the design of traditional fully screened injection-extraction wells as well as innovative tandem recirculating wells when an adequate geologic barrier to vertical ground water flow exists. Simplified models describing in situ bioremediation, in-well vapor stripping, and in-well metal reactor treatment efficiency were adapted from the literature and coupled with the hydraulic design equation presented here. Equations and type curves that combine the remediation treatment efficiency with the hydraulic design equation are presented to simulate overall system treatment efficiency under various conditions. The combined model is applied to predict performance of in situ bioremediation and in-well palladium reactor designs that were previously described in the literature. This model is expected to aid practitioners in treatment system screening and evaluation.
C1 [Wu, Monica Y.; Smits, Kathleen M.; Christ, John A.] USAF Acad, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
[Goltz, Mark N. .] USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Syst & Engn Management, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Christ, JA (reprint author), USAF Acad, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 2354 Fairchild Dr,Suite 6J-159, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
EM john.christ@usafa.edu
RI Goltz, Mark/A-7394-2009;
OI Goltz, Mark/0000-0003-3601-6453
FU U. S. Air Force (USAF) Academy, Colorado; KNDU, Stanford; Air Force
Institute of Technology
FX This research was supported in part with funds from the U. S. Air Force
(USAF) Academy, Colorado. A portion of this work was conducted while the
third author was on sabbatical at the Korea National Defense University
(KNDU), South Korea, and Stanford University, California. The support of
KNDU, Stanford, and the Air Force Institute of Technology is gratefully
acknowledged. The views expressed in this article are those of the
authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the USAF,
Department of Defense, or the U. S. Government.
NR 56
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 7
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1069-3629
J9 GROUND WATER MONIT R
JI Ground Water Monit. Remediat.
PD FAL
PY 2008
VL 28
IS 4
BP 63
EP 71
DI 10.1111/j.1745-6592.2008.00212.x
PG 9
WC Water Resources
SC Water Resources
GA 379LB
UT WOS:000261396600005
ER
PT J
AU Heiderscheidt, JL
Crimi, M
Siegrist, RL
Singletary, MA
AF Heiderscheidt, Jeffrey L.
Crimi, Michelle
Siegrist, Robert L.
Singletary, Michael A.
TI Optimization of Full-Scale Permanganate ISCO System Operation:
Laboratory and Numerical Studies
SO GROUND WATER MONITORING AND REMEDIATION
LA English
DT Article
ID IN-SITU OXIDATION; NATURAL OXIDANT DEMAND; CHEMICAL OXIDATION; AQUIFER;
GENESIS; SOLIDS; KMNO4; DNAPL
AB Laboratory characterization studies, one-dimensional flow-through studies, and numerical model simulations were conducted to examine site conditions and system features that may have adversely affected in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) performance at the Naval Training Center's (NTC) Operable Unit 4 located in Orlando, Florida, and to identify potential ISCO system modifications to achieve the desired remediation performance. At the NTC site, ISCO was implemented using vertical injection wells to deliver potassium permanganate into a ground water zone for treatment of tetrachloroethylene and its breakdown products. However, oxidant distribution was much more limited than anticipated. Characterization studies revealed that the ground water zone being treated by ISCO was very fine sand with a small effective particle size and low uniformity coefficient, along with a high organic carbon content, high natural oxidant demand (NOD), and a high ground water dissolved solids concentration, all of which contributed to full-scale ISCO application difficulties. These site conditions contributed to injection well permeability loss and an inability to achieve the design oxidant injection flow rate, limiting the actual oxidant distribution at the site. Flow-through experiments demonstrated that more favorable oxidant delivery and distribution conditions are enabled by applying a lower oxidant concentration at a faster delivery rate for a greater number of pore volumes. Numerical simulations, run for a variety of conditions (injection/extraction well flow rates, injected oxidant concentration, amount of NOD present, and NOD oxidation rate), also revealed that low-oxidant concentration injection at a high flow rate is a more effective method to deliver the required mass of oxidant to the target treatment zone.
C1 [Heiderscheidt, Jeffrey L.] USAF Acad, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
[Crimi, Michelle] Clarkson Univ, Dept Biol, Environm Hlth Sci Program, Potsdam, NY 13676 USA.
[Crimi, Michelle] Clarkson Univ, Dept Biol, Environm Sci & Policy Program, Potsdam, NY 13676 USA.
[Siegrist, Robert L.] Colorado Sch Mines, Environm Sci & Engn Div, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Singletary, Michael A.] USN, Facil Engn Command SE, Jacksonville, FL 32212 USA.
RP Heiderscheidt, JL (reprint author), USAF Acad, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 2354 Fairchild Dr,Suite 6J-159, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
EM jeffrey.heiderscheidt@us.af.mil
FU Naval Facilities Engineering Command
FX This project was completed with funding provided by the Naval Facilities
Engineering Command. Shannon Jackson and Sarah Seitz from the Colorado
School of Mines and Tom Palaia from CH2M Hill are acknowledged for their
key contributions in completing these studies.
NR 32
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 2
U2 13
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1069-3629
J9 GROUND WATER MONIT R
JI Ground Water Monit. Remediat.
PD FAL
PY 2008
VL 28
IS 4
BP 72
EP 84
DI 10.1111/j.1745-6592.2008.00213.x
PG 13
WC Water Resources
SC Water Resources
GA 379LB
UT WOS:000261396600006
ER
PT J
AU Basler, CMR
AF Basler, Captain Matthew R.
TI Warhorse: Cavalry in ancient warfare
SO HISTORIAN
LA English
DT Book Review
C1 [Basler, Captain Matthew R.] USAF Acad, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
RP Basler, CMR (reprint author), USAF Acad, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0018-2370
J9 HISTORIAN
JI Historian
PD FAL
PY 2008
VL 70
IS 3
BP 599
EP 600
DI 10.1111/j.1540-6563.2008.00221_61.x
PG 2
WC History
SC History
GA 347NP
UT WOS:000259148600066
ER
PT J
AU Westermann, EB
AF Westermann, Edward B.
TI Nazi empire-building and the Holocaust in Ukraine
SO HOLOCAUST AND GENOCIDE STUDIES
LA English
DT Book Review
C1 [Westermann, Edward B.] USAF Acad, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
RP Westermann, EB (reprint author), USAF Acad, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 8756-6583
EI 1476-7937
J9 HOLOCAUST GENOCIDE S
JI Holocaust Genocide Stud.
PD FAL
PY 2008
VL 22
IS 2
BP 356
EP 358
DI 10.1093/hgs/dcn038
PG 3
WC History
SC History
GA 341KN
UT WOS:000258713500012
ER
PT J
AU Ferrante, CJ
AF Ferrante, Claudia J.
TI The embezzler
SO HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Book Review
C1 [Ferrante, Claudia J.] USAF Acad, Dept Management, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
RP Ferrante, CJ (reprint author), USAF Acad, Dept Management, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 0090-4848
J9 HUM RESOUR MANAGE
JI Hum. Resour. Manage.
PD FAL
PY 2008
VL 47
IS 3
BP 659
EP 661
DI 10.1002/hrm.20237
PG 3
WC Psychology, Applied; Management
SC Psychology; Business & Economics
GA 341SD
UT WOS:000258734300014
ER
PT J
AU Bayraktaroglu, B
Leedy, K
Neidhard, R
AF Bayraktaroglu, Burhan
Leedy, Kevin
Neidhard, Robert
TI Microwave ZnO thin-film transistors
SO IEEE ELECTRON DEVICE LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE FET; ON/OFF ratio; pulsed laser deposition; subthreshold voltage swing;
thin-film transistors (TFTs); zinc oxide (ZnO)
ID ROOM-TEMPERATURE; MOBILITY
AB We have developed ZnO thin-film transistor design and fabrication techniques to demonstrate microwave frequency operation with 2-mu m gate length devices produced on GaAs sub strates. Using SiO2 gate insulator and pulsed laser deposited ZnO active layers, a drain-current ON/OFF ratio of 10(12), a drain-current density of 400 mA/mm, a field-effect mobility of 110 cm(2)/V center dot s, and a subthreshold gate voltage swing of 109 mV/dec were achieved. Devices with Ti-gate metal had current and power gain cutoff frequencies of 500 and 400 MHz, respectively.
C1 [Bayraktaroglu, Burhan; Leedy, Kevin; Neidhard, Robert] USAF, Res Lab, RYDD, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
RP Bayraktaroglu, B (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, RYDD, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
EM burhan.bayraktaroglu@wpafb.af.mil
RI Leedy, Kevin/E-9968-2010
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research [LRIR 07SN03COR]
FX This work was supported in part by Air Force Office of Scientific
Research under LRIR 07SN03COR (Dr. Kitt Reinhart). The review of this
letter was arranged by Editor Y.Taur.
NR 19
TC 54
Z9 56
U1 3
U2 24
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 0741-3106
J9 IEEE ELECTR DEVICE L
JI IEEE Electron Device Lett.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 29
IS 9
BP 1024
EP 1026
DI 10.1109/LED.2008.2001635
PG 3
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA 353MZ
UT WOS:000259573400017
ER
PT J
AU Kaspi, R
Ongstad, AR
Dente, GC
Tilton, ML
Tauke-Pedretti, A
AF Kaspi, Ron
Ongstad, Andrew R.
Dente, Gregory C.
Tilton, Michael L.
Tauke-Pedretti, Anna
TI Optically Pumped Midinfrared Laser With Simultaneous Dual-Wavelength
Emission
SO IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Antimonide laser; semiconductor lasers; two-color; type-II quantum wells
AB We demonstrate optically pumped semiconductor lasers that are capable of simultaneously emitting at two different midinfrared wavelengths. The wavelengths can be independently chosen and designed into the heterostructure. The epitaxial III-V antimonide structure employs two sets of type-II quantum wells in a waveguide that is partitioned by a thin electrical barrier that is transparent to the pump radiation. Two-color devices emitting at wavelengths as far apart as similar to 4.0 and similar to 5.4 mu m are reported.
C1 [Kaspi, Ron; Tauke-Pedretti, Anna] USAF, Res Lab, Directed Energy Directorate, Natl Res Council, Albuquerque, NM 87117 USA.
RP Kaspi, R (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Directed Energy Directorate, Natl Res Council, Albuquerque, NM 87117 USA.
EM ron.kaspi@kirtland.af.mil
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research
FX This work was supported in part by the Air Force Office of Scientific
Research.
NR 7
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 3
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 1041-1135
J9 IEEE PHOTONIC TECH L
JI IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2008
VL 20
IS 17-20
BP 1467
EP 1469
DI 10.1109/LPT.2008.927900
PG 3
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA 361HV
UT WOS:000260119600011
ER
PT J
AU Fallahi, M
Fan, L
Kaneda, Y
Hessenius, C
Hader, J
Li, H
Moloney, JV
Kunert, B
Stolz, W
Koch, SW
Murray, J
Bedford, R
AF Fallahi, Mahmoud
Fan, Li
Kaneda, Yushi
Hessenius, Chris
Hader, Joerg
Li, Hongbo
Moloney, Jerome V.
Kunert, Bernardette
Stolz, Wolfgang
Koch, Stephan W.
Murray, James
Bedford, Robert
TI 5-W Yellow Laser by Intracavity Frequency Doubling of High-Power
Vertical-External-Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser
SO IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Intracavity frequency doubling; optically pumped semiconductor lasers;
tunable vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting laser (VECSEL)
ID NM
AB We report on the development of a high-power tunable yellow-orange laser. It is based on intracavity frequency doubling of a widely tunable, highly strained InGaAs-GaAs vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting laser operating near 1175 nm. Over 5 W of continuous-wave output power is achieved and is tunable over a 15-nm band centered at 587 nm. This compact low-cost high-power yellow-orange laser provides an innovative alternative for sodium guidestar lasers, medical and communication applications.
C1 [Fallahi, Mahmoud; Fan, Li; Kaneda, Yushi; Hessenius, Chris; Li, Hongbo] Univ Arizona, Coll Opt Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Fan, Li] LaserTel Inc, Tucson, AZ 85743 USA.
[Hader, Joerg; Moloney, Jerome V.] Nonlinear Control Strategies, Tucson, AZ 85705 USA.
[Hader, Joerg; Moloney, Jerome V.] Univ Arizona, Arizona Ctr Math Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Kunert, Bernardette; Stolz, Wolfgang; Koch, Stephan W.] Univ Marburg, Dept Phys & Mat Sci, D-35032 Marburg, Germany.
[Murray, James] Arete Associates, Longmont, CO 80501 USA.
[Bedford, Robert] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Fallahi, M (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Coll Opt Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
EM fallahi@optics.arizona.edu
NR 8
TC 45
Z9 47
U1 3
U2 32
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1041-1135
J9 IEEE PHOTONIC TECH L
JI IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2008
VL 20
IS 17-20
BP 1700
EP 1702
DI 10.1109/LPT.2008.2003413
PG 3
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA 361HV
UT WOS:000260119600085
ER
PT J
AU Iyer, R
Toda, M
Holsapple, R
AF Iyer, Ram
Toda, Magdalena
Holsapple, Raymond
TI On an optical inertial navigation system - Part II
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AUTOMATIC CONTROL
LA English
DT Article
DE optical inertial navigation system (ONS)
ID FLOW; SENSOR
AB In Part I, we developed the optical transfer function of the lens-fiber system for quasi-monochromatic, incoherent excitation, and studied the properties of the kernel function. We also studied the cross-talk between the fibers of the lens-fiber system for a worker bee and an artificial eye, and showed that it is not significant. This allows us in this paper, to consider a mathematical idealization of a corneal surface as a continuum of lens-fiber systems. We consider this surface to be a regular immersion of class r >= 2 that is the image in R(3) of a simply connected, open set in R(2). We study the change in the power propagated in the fiber due to virtual motions of the corneal surface and show that for motion along the axis, the power propagated is invariant. Finally, we show that the ego-motion estimation problem is well-posed for sufficiently rich quasi-monochromatic, incoherent excitation on an allowable, regular corneal surface, and further show that the solution does not depend on the parameterization of the surfaces or the parameters of the aircraft (such as mass and inertia matrix) on which the ONS is mounted.
C1 [Iyer, Ram; Toda, Magdalena] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Math & Stat, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Holsapple, Raymond] USAF, Ctr Excellence Control Sci, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45431 USA.
RP Iyer, R (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Dept Math & Stat, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
EM ram.iyer@ttu.edu; magda.toda@ttu.edu; raymond.holsapple@wpafb.af.mil
FU NRC/AFOSR; ASEE/AFOSR; NSF REU and DOD ASSURE [DMS 0552908]; Air
Vehicles Directorate graduate student assistantship
FX This work was supported by a NRC/AFOSR summer faculty fellowship in
2004, a ASEE/AFOSR summer faculty fellowship and by an NSF REU and DOD
ASSURE grant DMS 0552908 during Summer 2006, and an Air Vehicles
Directorate graduate student assistantship during summer 2004 and spring
2005. Recommended by Associate Editor J. P. Hespanha.
NR 28
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-9286
J9 IEEE T AUTOMAT CONTR
JI IEEE Trans. Autom. Control
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 53
IS 8
BP 1864
EP 1875
DI 10.1109/TAC.2008.929390
PG 12
WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering
GA 354LQ
UT WOS:000259641500007
ER
PT J
AU Li, XF
Luo, ZL
Bao, J
Gao, C
Lu, YL
AF Li, Xuefei
Luo, Zhenlin
Bao, Jun
Gao, Chen
Lu, Yalin
TI Combinatorial screening of the BiDyYb iron garnet material system for
high Kerr rotation composition
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Bi-substituted rare earth iron garnet; combinatorial screening;
high-throughput characterization; Kerr rotation; magneto-optical storage
ID FARADAY-ROTATION; LIBRARIES; MEDIA
AB We investigated the (Bi(x)Dy(y)Yb(3-x-y))Fe(5)O(12) ternary combinatorial composition spread with the goal of finding new compositions with a large magneto-optical effect for possible use as magneto-optical storage materials. High-throughput magneto-optical characterization of the spread showed that the Dy(0.6)Yb(0.5)Bi(1.9)Fe(5)O(12) composition has the largest Kerr effect in this ternary system. After annealing at 690 degrees C for 1 h, a scaled-up thin-film sample of this composition has a remanent magnetization as high as 90% of its saturation magnetization, indicating a good storage application potential.
C1 [Li, Xuefei; Luo, Zhenlin; Bao, Jun; Gao, Chen] Univ Sci & Technol China, Natl Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Anhua 230026, Peoples R China.
[Li, Xuefei; Luo, Zhenlin; Bao, Jun; Gao, Chen] Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Phys, Anhua 230026, Peoples R China.
[Lu, Yalin] USAF Acad, Dept Phys, LORC, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
RP Gao, C (reprint author), Univ Sci & Technol China, Natl Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Anhua 230026, Peoples R China.
EM cgao@ustc.edu.cn
RI 高, 琛/F-7537-2010; Ding, Jianjun/C-1530-2009; luo, zhenlin/G-2662-2013
FU NSFC [50721061, 50772106]
FX This work was supported by the NSFC under Grant 50721061, 50772106.
NR 17
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 3
U2 11
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 0018-9464
J9 IEEE T MAGN
JI IEEE Trans. Magn.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 44
IS 9
BP 2091
EP 2094
DI 10.1109/TMAG.2008.2000736
PG 4
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Physics
GA 353MJ
UT WOS:000259571800001
ER
PT J
AU Smith, SD
AF Smith, Suzanne D.
TI Dynamic characteristics and human perception of vibration aboard a
military propeller aircraft
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL ERGONOMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Whole-body vibration; Propeller aircraft; Seat cushions; Prolonged
exposures; Frequency weightings; Human vibration perception
AB This study investigated the dynamic characteristics and human perception of higher-frequency multi-axis vibration associated with a military propeller aircraft environment. Triaxial accelerations were measured at the interfaces between the occupant and aircraft seat surface (seat pan and seat back) to evaluate and compare the effects of the aircraft seat fitted with different cushions. While all cushions showed a significant reduction in the X-axis seat pan vibration as compared to the original operational seat cushion at the blade passage frequency (BPF similar to 73.5 Hz), the associated accelerations remained significantly higher than the floor input accelerations. Transmissibility data confirmed these seat system characteristics at higher frequencies. A body region perception survey suggested that the subjects were most sensitive to the BPF component of the operational exposure. In contrast, the weighted acceleration levels (ISO 2631-1: 1997) suggested that the subjects would perceive the highest vibration in the vertical (Z) direction at the seat pan with substantial contributions in the X direction from the seat back, particularly at the propeller rotation frequency (PRF similar to 18.5 Hz). The overall Vibration Total Value (ISO 2631-1: 1997) suggested that the operational exposures would be perceived as being "not uncomfortable" to "a little uncomfortable."
Relevance to industry
Effective multi-axis vibration mitigation strategies depend on the relationships between the location, direction, and level of vibration entering the occupant and human perception of the exposure. Current human exposure guidelines may not optimally reflect these relationships for assessing higher-frequency propeller aircraft work environments and should be applied with caution. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 USAF, Res Lab, AFRL RHPA, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Smith, SD (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, AFRL RHPA, 2800 Q St, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM suzanne.smith@wpafb.af.mil
FU Office of Naval Research, Department of Navy [63706N M0096.004-6813]
FX The author would like to acknowledge Jeanne A. Smith and David R.
Bowden, General Dynamics AIS, Wright-Patterson AFB OH, and Jennifer G.
Jurcsisn and Anne Y. Walker, AFRL/RHPA, Wright-Patterson AFB OH for
their assistance in this study. The collection of the operational E-2C
Hawkeye vibration signals used in this study was funded by the Office of
Naval Research, Department of Navy, under Work Unit no. 63706N
M0096.004-6813.
NR 15
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0169-8141
J9 INT J IND ERGONOM
JI Int. J. Ind. Ergon.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2008
VL 38
IS 9-10
SI SI
BP 868
EP 879
DI 10.1016/j.ergon.2007.10.021
PG 12
WC Engineering, Industrial; Ergonomics
SC Engineering
GA 357KY
UT WOS:000259845900021
ER
PT J
AU Torgerson, JF
Jumper, GY
AF Torgerson, Joshua F.
Jumper, George Y.
TI A New Look at High-Altitude Turbulence
SO JOURNAL OF AIRCRAFT
LA English
DT Article
ID GRAVITY-WAVE
AB Reconnaissance by aircraft from high altitudes remains an important priority for the Department of Defense. Aircraft at these altitudes experience both traditional mechanical turbulence as well as oscillatory fluctuations of temperature and horizontal and vertical wind speeds, which are attributed to gravity (also called buoyancy) waves. This paper investigates the effects of wavelike behavior on high-flying aircraft, finding high aircraft loads at certain frequencies. Aircraft are most susceptible to problems at the upper range of altitudes. This analysis shows that autopilots based on maintaining a constant Mach number and an indicated airspeed are both susceptible to temperature fluctuations. In addition, temperature changes shift the flight envelope, creating potentially dangerous stall or overspeeding conditions. The absence of temperature variation requirements in current aviation continuous gust load specifications along with a possible deficiency in gust magnitude design requirements at high altitude lead to a recommendation for revisiting high-altitude turbulence requirements and investigating the vulnerabilities of high altitude unmanned aircraft.
C1 [Torgerson, Joshua F.; Jumper, George Y.] USAF, Res Lab, Battlespace Environm Div, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
RP Torgerson, JF (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Battlespace Environm Div, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
NR 19
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 2
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0021-8669
J9 J AIRCRAFT
JI J. Aircr.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2008
VL 45
IS 5
BP 1744
EP 1750
DI 10.2514/1.36092
PG 7
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 360RF
UT WOS:000260074500028
ER
PT J
AU Head, WP
AF Head, William P.
TI The war that never ends: New perspectives on the Vietnam War
SO JOURNAL OF AMERICAN HISTORY
LA English
DT Book Review
C1 [Head, William P.] Warner Robins Air Logist Ctr, Off Hist, Robins AFB, GA USA.
RP Head, WP (reprint author), Warner Robins Air Logist Ctr, Off Hist, Robins AFB, GA USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ORGANIZATION AMER HISTORIANS
PI BLOOMINGTON
PA 112 N BRYAN ST, BLOOMINGTON, IN 47408 USA
SN 0021-8723
J9 J AM HIST
JI J. Am. Hist.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 95
IS 2
BP 615
EP 616
PG 2
WC History
SC History
GA 353GO
UT WOS:000259554300156
ER
PT J
AU Denton, ML
Foltz, MS
Schuster, KJ
Noojin, GD
Estlack, LE
Thomas, RJ
AF Denton, Michael L.
Foltz, Michael S.
Schuster, Kurt J.
Noojin, Gary D.
Estlack, Larry E.
Thomas, Robert J.
TI In vitro model that approximates retinal damage threshold trends
SO JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Optical Interactions with Tissue and Cells XVIII
CY JAN 22-24, 2007
CL San Jose, CA
SP SPIE, USAF Off Sci Res
DE retinal pigment epithelia; damage threshold; action spectra; temporal
action profile; in vitro model; Probit
ID RADIATION-DAMAGE; WAVELENGTH; EXPOSURE; LASERS
AB Without effective in vitro damage models, advances in our understanding of the physics and biology of laser-tissue interaction would be hampered due to cost and ethical limitations placed on the use of nonhuman primates. We extend our characterization of laser-induced cell death in an existing in vitro retinal model to include damage thresholds at 514 and 413 nm. The new data, when combined with data previously reported for 532 and 458 nm exposures, provide a sufficiently broad range of wavelengths and exposure durations (0.1 to 100 s) to make comparisons with minimum visible lesion (in vivo) data in the literature. Based on similarities between in vivo and in vitro action spectra and temporal action profiles, the cell culture model is found to respond to laser irradiation in a fundamentally similar fashion as the retina of the rhesus animal model. We further show that this response depends on the amount of intracellular melanin pigmentation. (C) 2008 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. [DOI: 10.1117/1.2981831]
C1 [Denton, Michael L.; Foltz, Michael S.; Schuster, Kurt J.; Noojin, Gary D.] Warfighter Concepts & Applicat Dept, San Antonio, TX USA.
[Estlack, Larry E.] Conceptual MindWorks Inc, San Antonio, TX USA.
[Thomas, Robert J.] USAF, Res Lab, Brooks City Base, TX USA.
RP Thomas, RJ (reprint author), 2650 Louis Bauer Dr, Brooks City Base, TX 78235 USA.
EM robert.thomas@brooks.af.mil
NR 13
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 3
PU SPIE-SOC PHOTOPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA
SN 1083-3668
J9 J BIOMED OPT
JI J. Biomed. Opt.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2008
VL 13
IS 5
AR 054014
DI 10.1117/1.2981831
PG 6
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Optics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
Medical Imaging
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Optics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
Medical Imaging
GA 384SQ
UT WOS:000261764900023
PM 19021394
ER
PT J
AU Vincelette, RL
Welch, AJ
Thomas, RJ
Rockwell, BA
Lund, DJ
AF Vincelette, Rebecca L.
Welch, Ashley J.
Thomas, Robert J.
Rockwell, Benjamin A.
Lund, David J.
TI Thermal lensing in ocular media exposed to continuous-wave near-infrared
radiation: the 1150-1350-nm region
SO JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS
LA English
DT Article
DE thermal lensing; ocular damage; near infrared; laser tissue interaction;
damage mechanisms; action spectrum
ID RETINAL-DAMAGE THRESHOLD; WAVELENGTH DEPENDENCE; LASER IRRADIATION;
RABBIT RETINA; SCHEMATIC EYE; YAG LASER; INJURY; ABSORPTION; IR;
TEMPERATURES
AB Ocular damage threshold data remain sparse in the continuous wave (CW), near-infrared (NIR) radiation region save for the 1300-nm area that has been investigated in the past several decades. The 1300-nm ocular damage data have yielded unusual characteristics where CW retinal damage was observed in rabbit models, but never in nonhuman primate models. This paper reviews the existing 1300-nm ocular damage threshold data in terms of the fundamental criteria of an action spectrum to assist in explaining laser-tissue effects from near-infrared radiation in the eye. Reviewing the action spectrum criteria and existing NIR retinal lesion data lend evidence toward the significant presence of thermal lensing in ocular media affecting damage, a relatively unexplored mechanism of laser-tissue interaction. (C) 2008 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. [DOI: 10.1117/1.2978066]
C1 [Vincelette, Rebecca L.; Welch, Ashley J.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Biomed Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[Thomas, Robert J.; Rockwell, Benjamin A.] USAF, Res Lab, Human Effectiveness Directorate Opt, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA.
[Lund, David J.] USA, Med Res Detachment, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA.
RP Vincelette, RL (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Dept Biomed Engn, 1 Univ Stn,C0800, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
EM rebecca.vincelette@gmail.com
NR 71
TC 22
Z9 24
U1 1
U2 1
PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA
SN 1083-3668
EI 1560-2281
J9 J BIOMED OPT
JI J. Biomed. Opt.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2008
VL 13
IS 5
AR 054005
DI 10.1117/1.2978066
PG 10
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Optics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
Medical Imaging
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Optics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
Medical Imaging
GA 384SQ
UT WOS:000261764900014
PM 19021385
ER
PT J
AU Chang, Y
Becker, CR
Grein, CH
Zhao, J
Fulk, C
Casselman, T
Kiran, R
Wang, XJ
Robinson, E
An, SY
Mallick, S
Sivananthan, S
Aoki, T
Wang, CZ
Smith, DJ
Velicu, S
Zhao, J
Crocco, J
Chen, Y
Brill, G
Wijewarnasuriya, PS
Dhar, N
Sporken, R
Nathan, V
AF Chang, Yong
Becker, C. R.
Grein, C. H.
Zhao, J.
Fulk, C.
Casselman, T.
Kiran, R.
Wang, X. J.
Robinson, E.
An, S. Y.
Mallick, S.
Sivananthan, S.
Aoki, T.
Wang, C. Z.
Smith, D. J.
Velicu, S.
Zhao, J.
Crocco, J.
Chen, Y.
Brill, G.
Wijewarnasuriya, P. S.
Dhar, N.
Sporken, R.
Nathan, V.
TI Surface morphology and defect formation mechanisms for HgCdTe (211)B
grown by molecular beam epitaxy
SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 26th United States Workshop on Physics and Chemistry of II-VI Materials
CY OCT 30-NOV 01, 2007
CL Baltimore, MD
SP USA CECOM Night Vis & Elect Sensor Directorate, USA Res Lab, USA SMDC, US Navy Elect Opt Ctr, Penn State Appl Res Lab, Off Naval Res, AF Res Lab, Minerals, Met & Mat Soc, Amer Phys Soc
DE HgCdTe; molecular beam epitaxy; defect; slip; Schmid factor; Burgers
vector; dislocation
ID MERCURY CADMIUM TELLURIDE; ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY;
CROSS-HATCH; HGTE/HGCDTE SUPERLATTICES; STRESS-RELAXATION; CRATER
DEFECTS; VOID DEFECTS; EPILAYERS; CDTE
AB The surface morphology and crystallinity of HgCdTe films grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) on both CdZnTe and CdTe/Si (211)B substrates were characterized using atomic force microscopy (AFM), as well as scanning (SEM) and transmission (TEM) electron microscopy. Crosshatch patterns and sandy-beach-like morphologies were commonly found on MBE (211) HgCdTe epilayers grown on both CdZnTe and CdTe/Si substrates. The patterns were oriented along the [(2) over bar 13], [(2) over bar 13], and [0 (1) over bar1] directions, which were associated with the intersection between the (211) growth plane and each of the eight equivalent HgCdTe slip planes. This was caused by strain-driven operation of slip in these systems with relative large Schmid factor, and was accompanied by dislocation formation as well as surface strain relief. Surface crater defects were associated with relatively high growth temperature and/or low Hg flux, whereas microtwins were associated with relatively low growth temperature and/or high Hg flux. AFM and electron microscopy were used to reveal the formation mechanisms of these defects. HgCdTe/HgCdTe superlattices with layer composition differences of less than 2% were grown by MBE on CdZnTe substrates in order to clarify the formation mechanisms of void defects. The micrographs directly revealed the spiral nature of growth, hence demonstrating that the formation of void defects could be associated with the Burton, Cabrera, and Frank (BCF) growth mode. Void defects, including microvoids and craters, were caused by screw defect clusters, which could be triggered by Te precipitates, impurities, dust, other contamination or flakes. Needle defects originated from screw defect clusters linearly aligned along the [0 (1) over bar1] directions with opposite Burgers vector directions. They were visible in HgCdTe epilayers grown on interfacial superlattices. Hillocks were generated owing to twin growth of void or needle defects on (111) planes due to low growth temperature and the corresponding insufficient Hg movement on the growth surface. Therefore, in addition to nucleation and growth of HgCdTe in the normal two-dimensional layer growth mode, the BCF growth mode played an important role and should be taken into account during investigation of HgCdTe MBE growth mechanisms.
C1 [Chang, Yong; Becker, C. R.; Grein, C. H.; Zhao, J.; Fulk, C.; Casselman, T.; Kiran, R.; Wang, X. J.; Robinson, E.; An, S. Y.; Mallick, S.; Sivananthan, S.; Sporken, R.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Microphys Lab, Chicago, IL 60607 USA.
[Aoki, T.; Wang, C. Z.; Smith, D. J.] Arizona State Univ, Ctr Solid State Sci, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
[Aoki, T.; Wang, C. Z.; Smith, D. J.] Arizona State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
[Velicu, S.; Zhao, J.; Crocco, J.] EPIR Technol Inc, Bolingbrook, IL 60440 USA.
[Chen, Y.; Brill, G.; Wijewarnasuriya, P. S.; Dhar, N.] USA, Res Lab, AMSRL SE EI, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA.
[Sporken, R.] Univ Namur FUNDP, Dept Phys, B-5000 Namur, Belgium.
[Nathan, V.] AF Res Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87117 USA.
RP Chang, Y (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Microphys Lab, Chicago, IL 60607 USA.
EM yonchang@uic.edu
RI Brill, Gregory/G-4877-2013; Aoki, Toshihiro/I-4852-2015
NR 59
TC 12
Z9 13
U1 2
U2 14
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0361-5235
J9 J ELECTRON MATER
JI J. Electron. Mater.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 37
IS 9
BP 1171
EP 1183
DI 10.1007/s11664-008-0477-5
PG 13
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics
GA 346AZ
UT WOS:000259042100003
ER
PT J
AU Doyel, DE
AF Doyel, David E.
TI Hohokam Residential Organization at Kearny, Arizona
SO JOURNAL OF FIELD ARCHAEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
AB A Hohokam Sacaton phase (A.D. 950-1100) courtyard group excavated at Kearny along the Gila River in central Arizona (designated AZ V: 13:201[ASM]) consists of seven houses and associated features. The features, material culture, chronology, subsistence, growth sequence, activity structure, group size, and formation and abandonment processes of this courtyard group are discussed. The findings reinforce the interpretation that courtyard groups were fundamental features of Hohokam society and were a common form of residential organization across the region. The study highlights the value of spatial studies in the analysis of archaeological sites.
C1 [Doyel, David E.] USAF, Luke AFB, Glendale, AZ USA.
RP Doyel, DE (reprint author), POB 60474, Phoenix, AZ 85082 USA.
EM david.doyel@us.af.mil
NR 39
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 4
PU JOURNAL FIELD ARCHAEOLOGY
PI BOSTON
PA BOSTON UNIV 675 COMMONWEALTH AVE, BOSTON, MA 02215 USA
SN 0093-4690
J9 J FIELD ARCHAEOL
JI J. Field Archaeol.
PD FAL
PY 2008
VL 33
IS 3
BP 249
EP 258
PG 10
WC Archaeology
SC Archaeology
GA 371PI
UT WOS:000260843000001
ER
PT J
AU Westmoreland, D
AF Westmoreland, David
TI Evidence of selection for egg crypsis in conspicuous nests
SO JOURNAL OF FIELD ORNITHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE American Robin; egg color; egg crypsis; nest-crypsis hypothesis
ID EGGSHELL PIGMENTATION; SEXUAL SELECTION; PARENTAL EFFORT; COLOR; BIRDS;
REFLECTANCE; ADAPTATION; BLACKBIRDS; PASSERINES; PREDATION
AB The value of egg coloration as crypsis, once accepted as a general principle, has recently been questioned because most experiments have failed to show that egg coloration deters predation. The nest-crypsis hypothesis postulates that, among species that build conspicuous nests, selection for egg crypsis is relaxed or absent because visually searching predators detect nests prior to eggs. I tested the nest-crypsis hypothesis using the large, relatively conspicuous nests of American Robins (Turdus migratorius), and eggs that differed markedly in color that were collected from the nests of Red-winged Blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus), Brewer's Blackbirds (Euphagus cyanocephalus), and Yellow-headed Blackbirds (Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus). Each nest (N = 22) received a clutch of each species during three sequential predation trials that were 16 d in duration. The order of clutch presentation was randomized for each nest. Survival trends for Brewer's and Yellow-headed Blackbirds were similar, and higher than those for clutches of Red-winged Blackbirds. By the end of trials, overall survival of the three clutch types was roughly equivalent. However, clutches of Red-winged Blackbird eggs, the most conspicuous egg type to the human eye, were discovered sooner by predators. Because the experimental design controlled for effects of nest crypsis, nest location, and nest size, this difference in egg survival can be attributed to differences in egg pigmentation. Thus, my results support a role for egg coloration as camouflage in conspicuous nests.
C1 USAF Acad, Dept Biol, HQ USAFA DFB, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
RP Westmoreland, D (reprint author), USAF Acad, Dept Biol, HQ USAFA DFB, 2355 Fac Dr,Suite 2P389, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
EM David.Westmoreland@usafa.edu
NR 32
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 3
U2 19
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0273-8570
J9 J FIELD ORNITHOL
JI J. Field Ornithol.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 79
IS 3
BP 263
EP 268
DI 10.1111/j.1557-9263.2008.00172.x
PG 6
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 352VM
UT WOS:000259525500004
ER
PT J
AU Frank, GJ
Joo, JJ
Sanders, B
Garner, DM
Murray, AP
AF Frank, Geoffrey J.
Joo, James J.
Sanders, Brian
Garner, David M.
Murray, Andrew P.
TI Mechanization of a high aspect ratio wing for aerodynamic control
SO JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT MATERIAL SYSTEMS AND STRUCTURES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 15th International Conference on Adaptive Structures and Technologies
(ICAST)
CY OCT 24-27, 2004
CL Bar Harbor, ME
DE morphing aircraft; mechanism design; compliant mechanism; adaptive wing;
sensorcraft
ID CLOSED-FORM SOLUTION; COMPLIANT MECHANISMS; OPTIMIZATION
AB Investigations are conducted to mechanize a controlled spanwise-varying airfoil camber change for a high aspect ratio wing, resulting in optimized aerodynamic performance for a aircraft that changes weight by 50% over its mission. Mechanisms to achieve these shape changes are designed based on two separate design methodologies: a rigid body kinematics approach and a compliant mechanism approach. A framework for optimizing mechanisms based on each approach is presented. Differences between the approaches are illustrated through the design of a mechanism for a specific set of airfoil shapes. Mechanisms are evaluated based on the error in the shapes and on the energy efficiency of the systems.
C1 [Frank, Geoffrey J.; Joo, James J.; Murray, Andrew P.] Univ Dayton, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
[Sanders, Brian] Langley AFB, Air Combat Command, Langley, VA 23665 USA.
[Garner, David M.] USAF, Res Lab, Air Vehicles Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Frank, GJ (reprint author), Univ Dayton, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
EM geoffrey.frank@udri.udayton.edu
NR 15
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 6
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND
SN 1045-389X
EI 1530-8138
J9 J INTEL MAT SYST STR
JI J. Intell. Mater. Syst. Struct.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 19
IS 9
BP 1101
EP 1112
DI 10.1177/1045389X08096734
PG 12
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA 349SL
UT WOS:000259303500010
ER
PT J
AU Li, J
Okamoto, H
Yin, C
Jagannathan, J
Takizawa, J
Aoki, S
Glasker, S
Rushing, EJ
Vortmeyer, AO
Oldfield, EH
Yamanaka, R
Zhuang, ZP
AF Li, Jie
Okamoto, Hiroaki
Yin, Chunyue
Jagannathan, Jay
Takizawa, Jun
Aoki, Sadao
Glaesker, Sven
Rushing, Elisabeth J.
Vortmeyer, Alexander O.
Oldfield, Edward H.
Yamanaka, Ryuya
Zhuang, Zhengping
TI Proteomic characterization of primary diffuse large B-cell lymphomas in
the central nervous system - Laboratory investigation
SO JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY
LA English
DT Article
DE B-cell lymphoma; gel electrophoresis; proteomics; sporadic systemic
lymphoma; Western blot
ID PROTEIN DISULFIDE-ISOMERASE; CLASSICAL HODGKINS-DISEASE; PRIMARY
MALIGNANT-LYMPHOMA; REED-STERNBERG CELLS; PRIMARY CNS LYMPHOMA;
IMMUNOGLOBULIN TRANSCRIPTION; ENERGY-METABOLISM; WHITE-MATTER;
IMMUNOCOMPETENT PATIENTS; GLIOBLASTOMA-MULTIFORME
AB Object. The lack of primary lymphoid tissue within the central nervous system (CNS) confounds our understanding of the pathogenesis of primary CNS lymphomas (PCNSLs). Comparing the protein expression of PCNSLs and sporadic systemic lymphomas (SSLs) provides a useful strategy for identifying a molecular signature that characterizes disease-associated features and provides information regarding tumor initiation and progression.
Methods. Seven diffuse large B-cell PCNSLs were selected to undergo 2D gel electrophoresis, and profiled proteomes from these PCNSLs were compared with those from 7 diffuse large B-cell SSLs. Distinguishing proteins were sequenced using mass spectrometry.
Results. Two-dimensional get electrophoresis identified an average of 706 proteins from each specimen. Computerized gel analysis and manual reconfirmation revealed a 96% similarity in the proteomes of PCNSLs and SSLs. Comparative analysis identified 9 proteins significantly overexpressed (p < 0.05) and 16 proteins downregulated in PCNSLs. The proteomic findings were further validated using Western blot and immunohistochemical staining.
Conclusions. The similarities in proteomic patterns between PCNSLs and SSLs suggest that these tumor types share structural similarities, acquired during differentiation. The ultimate fate of lymphomatous cells (CNS vs systemic) may be related to differentially expressed proteins, which function in homing and host processing. Elucidating the roles of these differentially expressed proteins will prove valuable in understanding the pathogenesis of PCNSL.
C1 [Li, Jie; Okamoto, Hiroaki; Yin, Chunyue; Jagannathan, Jay; Glaesker, Sven; Vortmeyer, Alexander O.; Oldfield, Edward H.; Zhuang, Zhengping] Natl Inst Neurol Disorders & Stroke, Surg Neurol Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA.
[Takizawa, Jun; Aoki, Sadao] Niigata Univ, Div Hematol, Grad Sch Med & Dent Sci, Niigata, Japan.
[Rushing, Elisabeth J.] USAF, Inst Pathol, Dept Neuropathol & Ophthalm Pathol, Washington, DC 20330 USA.
[Yamanaka, Ryuya] Niigata Univ, Brain Res Inst, Dept Neurosurg, Niigata 95021, Japan.
[Jagannathan, Jay] Univ Virginia Hlth Syst, Dept Neurosurg, Charlottesville, VA USA.
RP Zhuang, ZP (reprint author), Room 5D37,10 Ctr Dr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
EM zhuangp@ninds.nih.gov
FU National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke; National
Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
FX This research was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National
Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
NR 66
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 4
PU AMER ASSOC NEUROLOGICAL SURGEONS
PI ROLLING MEADOWS
PA 5550 MEADOWBROOK DRIVE, ROLLING MEADOWS, IL 60008 USA
SN 0022-3085
J9 J NEUROSURG
JI J. Neurosurg.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 109
IS 3
BP 536
EP 546
DI 10.3171/JNS/2008/109/9/0536
PG 11
WC Clinical Neurology; Surgery
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Surgery
GA 344CX
UT WOS:000258904400027
PM 18759588
ER
PT J
AU Blake, CG
Ross, MD
AF Blake, Charles G.
Ross, Michael D.
TI Femoral neck fracture in a military trainee
SO JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC & SPORTS PHYSICAL THERAPY
LA English
DT Article
C1 [Ross, Michael D.] Phys Med Training Programs, Sheppard AFB, TX USA.
RP Blake, CG (reprint author), 434th Field Artillery Brigade, Ft Sill, OK USA.
NR 2
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU J O S P T,
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 1111 NORTH FAIRFAX ST, STE 100, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1436 USA
SN 0190-6011
J9 J ORTHOP SPORT PHYS
JI J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 38
IS 9
BP 578
EP 578
DI 10.2519/jospt.2008.0409
PG 1
WC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences
SC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences
GA 351XH
UT WOS:000259458700008
PM 18758049
ER
PT J
AU Poggie, J
AF Poggie, Jonathan
TI Numerical simulation of direct current glow discharges for high-speed
flow control
SO JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER
LA English
DT Article
ID COMPRESSION-CORNER FLOWS
AB Numerical studies of glow discharges were carried out to evaluate their utility for flow control applications. As part of this project, a three-dimensional computer code has been written to solve the fluid conservation laws, the charged particle continuity equations under the drift-diffusion model, and the Poisson equation for the electric potential. Glow discharge calculations have been carried out in the absence of How, exploring the effects of background pressure, applied magnetic fields, and finite electrodes. With the presence of a Mach 5 crossflow, three-dimensional computations have identified the origin of the downward force in a "plasma flap" concept as dissipative heating in the vicinity of the cathode, and rough agreement has been obtained between numerical predictions and experimental measurements of the total temperature rise in that region. A simplified actuator model has been applied in the numerical exploration of the control of a Mach 14 compression ramp flow, and suitable actuator locations and power levels have been identified.
C1 USAF, Res Lab, Computat Sci Ctr, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Poggie, J (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Computat Sci Ctr, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research; Department of Defense Major
Shared Resource Centers
FX This work has been sponsored in part by grants from the Air Force Office
of Scientific Research (monitored by J. Schmisseur and F. Fahroo) and by
grants of High Performance Computing time from several of the Department
of Defense Major Shared Resource Centers. The author would like to
acknowledge helpful discussions over the years with his colleagues at
the Air Force Research Laboratory Computational Sciences Branch and with
I. Adamovich, W. Hilbun, R. Kimmel, S. Macheret, J. Shang, M. Shneider,
N. Sternberg, and S. Surzhikov.
NR 30
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0748-4658
J9 J PROPUL POWER
JI J. Propul. Power
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2008
VL 24
IS 5
BP 916
EP 922
DI 10.2514/1.24403
PG 7
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 348LF
UT WOS:000259211300003
ER
PT J
AU Shang, JS
Kimmel, RL
Menart, J
Surzhikov, ST
AF Shang, J. S.
Kimmel, R. L.
Menart, J.
Surzhikov, S. T.
TI Hypersonic flow control using surface plasma actuator
SO JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER
LA English
DT Article
ID MAGNETO-AERODYNAMICS; ENERGY DEPOSITION; GLOW-DISCHARGE; DRAG REDUCTION;
BLUNT-BODY; INJECTION; MECHANISMS
AB Plasma-fluid-dynamic interaction has been shown to be a viable mechanism for hypersonic flow control. An effective and verified flow control process using direct current surface discharge is summarized. The operating principle is based on a small electromagnetic perturbation to the growth rate of the displacement thickness of a shear layer that is strongly amplified by a subsequent pressure interaction. The aerodynamic control is delivered in less than a millisecond time frame and produces no parasitic effect when deactivated. The magnitude of the resultant aerodynamic force and moment can be significant and does not require a large amount of power for plasma generation to overcome the inefficient ionizing process, thus reducing the weight of a high-speed vehicle. The electromagnetic perturbation is derived from a surface gas discharge with or without an externally applied magnetic field. An embedded plasma actuator near the leading edge of a flat plate has produced high surface pressure equivalent to more than a 5 deg flow deflection at Mach 5, and the flow control effectiveness will increase with an increasing oncoming Mach number. The detailed flow structure of weakly ionized airstreams has been investigated by a combination of experimental effort and computational simulation solving the magneto-fluid-dynamic equations in the low magnetic Reynolds number limit with a drift-diffusion plasma model. The identical plasma actuator is investigated as a variable geometry cowl of a hypersonic inlet. All phenomena are replicated by computational results and are fully validated by experimental observations.
C1 [Shang, J. S.; Menart, J.] Wright State Univ, Dayton, OH 45435 USA.
[Kimmel, R. L.] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45435 USA.
[Surzhikov, S. T.] Russian Acad Sci, Moscow 119526, Russia.
RP Shang, JS (reprint author), Wright State Univ, Dayton, OH 45435 USA.
RI Surzhikov, Sergey/A-6149-2009
OI Surzhikov, Sergey/0000-0002-7772-0538
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research
FX The sponsorship of J. Schmisseur and F. Fahroo of the Air Force Office
of Scientific Research is deeply appreciated. The authors are in debt to
James Hayes for his invaluable contributions to all aspects of
experimental observations and operations of the plasma channel of the
Air Vehicle Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory.
NR 45
TC 17
Z9 19
U1 5
U2 18
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0748-4658
J9 J PROPUL POWER
JI J. Propul. Power
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2008
VL 24
IS 5
BP 923
EP 934
DI 10.2514/1.24413
PG 12
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 348LF
UT WOS:000259211300004
ER
PT J
AU Corke, TC
Post, ML
Orlov, DM
AF Corke, Thomas C.
Post, Martiqua L.
Orlov, Dmitriy M.
TI Single-dielectric barrier discharge plasma enhanced aerodynamics:
Concepts, optimization, and applications
SO JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER
LA English
DT Article
ID SEPARATION CONTROL; ACTUATORS
AB This paper deals with the physics and design of single dielectric barrier discharge plasma actuators for enhanced aerodynamics in a variety of applications. The actuators consist of two electrodes: one exposed to the air and the other covered by a dielectric material. The electrodes are supplied with an alternating current voltage that, at high enough levels, causes the air over the covered electrode to ionize. The ionized air, in the presence of the electric field produced by the electrode geometry, results in a body force vector that acts on the ambient air. The body force is the mechanism for active aerodynamic control. The plasma generation is a dynamic process within the alternating current cycle. The body force per unit volume of plasma has been derived from first principles and implemented in numerical flow simulations. Models for the time and space dependence of the body force on the input voltage amplitude, frequency, electrode geometry, and dielectric properties have been developed and used along with experiments to optimize actuator performance. This paper presents results that highlight the plasma actuator characteristics and modeling approach. This is followed by overviews of some of the applications that include leading-edge separation control oil airfoils, dynamic-stall vortex control on oscillating airfoils, and trailing-edge separation control on simulated turbine blades.
C1 [Post, Martiqua L.; Orlov, Dmitriy M.] USAF Acad, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
[Corke, Thomas C.] Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
RI Orlov, Dmitriy/D-2406-2016
OI Orlov, Dmitriy/0000-0002-2230-457X
NR 33
TC 22
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0748-4658
J9 J PROPUL POWER
JI J. Propul. Power
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2008
VL 24
IS 5
BP 935
EP 945
DI 10.2514/1.24430
PG 11
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 348LF
UT WOS:000259211300005
ER
PT J
AU Gaitonde, DV
AF Gaitonde, Datta V.
TI High-speed magnetohydrodynamic flow control analyses with
three-dimensional simulations
SO JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER
LA English
DT Article
ID DIFFERENCE-SCHEMES; SCRAMJET; BYPASS; MODELS
AB Magnetohydrodynamic studies of high-speed flow control are described with emphasis on understanding fluid response to specific plasma-based perturbations. The theoretical model consists of a verified blend of first principles and empirical components. Detailed analysis is presented of the effect of magnitudes and gradients of magnetic and electric fields, their orientation relative to the velocity vector, ionized region location and extent, and various nondimensional parameters. The balance between ponderomotive force and heating is a major determinant of the effectiveness through competition between work and ohmic dissipation and viscous/inviscid interactions play a crucial role by distorting the velocity field. The interaction with an external circuit through electrodes is relatively efficient when fluid is slowed and energy is extracted, but yields high boundary-layer heating and loss of control performance when fluid is accelerated. These observations are employed to unify results focused on a broad range of objectives. Specific flowfields examined include heat transfer reduction in an Edney type-IV interaction at Mach 8, three-dimensional separation suppression at Mach 5 with magnetic-field-facilitated momentum transfer, inviscid instability-growth-rate modulation in an entropy layer at Mach 6, and energy management in simulated tip-to-tail scramjet designs of both axisymmetric and rectangular cross sections.
C1 USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
FU U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research; U.S. Department of Defense
High Performance Computing Shared Resource Centers; Army High
Performance Computing Research Center; Arctic Region Supercomputing
Center; Naval Oceanographic Office; Aeronautical Systems Center;
Engineer Research and Development Center
FX The author is grateful for U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research
sponsorship under separate tasks monitored by J. Schmisseur and F.
Fahroo. This work was also supported in part by a grant of computer time
from the U.S. Department of Defense High Performance Computing Shared
Resource Centers at the Army High Performance Computing Research Center,
Arctic Region Supercomputing Center, Naval Oceanographic Office,
Aeronautical Systems Center, and Engineer Research and Development
Center. The author also acknowledges discussions and collaborations with
several colleagues, including A. Tumin. M. Visbal, J. Shang, J. Poggie,
R. Kimmel, and R. MacCormack.
NR 45
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0748-4658
J9 J PROPUL POWER
JI J. Propul. Power
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2008
VL 24
IS 5
BP 946
EP 961
DI 10.2514/1.24507
PG 16
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 348LF
UT WOS:000259211300006
ER
PT J
AU Wisman, DL
Marcum, SD
Ganguly, BN
AF Wisman, David L.
Marcum, S. D.
Ganguly, Biswa N.
TI Chemi-ion-current-induced dissociative recombination in premixed
hydrocarbon/air flames
SO JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER
LA English
DT Article
ID ELECTRICAL CONTROL; HEAT RELEASE; AIR FLAMES; COMBUSTION; INSTABILITIES
AB This work focuses on the effects of a chemi-ion current induced by an applied positive bias on downward propagating, atmospheric pressure premixed hydrocarbon-air flames fueled by methane (CH4), propane (C3H8), and n butane (C4H10). Applied voltages up to 3.2 kV over a 40 mm gap encompassing the flame front have been used to observe flame height and stability modifications compared with the no-applied-voltage case in flames with equivalence ratios of 1.0 and flow velocities up to 1.3 m/s. The observed experimental results suggest that, under the conditions studied for this work, the ionic wind is not responsible for the flame modifications. Chemi-ion-current-driven flame ion recombination chemistry that would produce light reactants near the burner head, similar to externally sustained plasma-assisted combustion techniques, is proposed to account for the observed flame perturbations. Current-continuity-based calculations that allow estimates of the production level for these reactants are reported. Possible flame fluid and flame chemistry modifications caused by the production of light radicals are also discussed.
C1 [Wisman, David L.] UES Inc, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
[Marcum, S. D.] Miami Univ, Oxford, OH 45056 USA.
[Ganguly, Biswa N.] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)
FX This work was supported ill part by the Air Force Office of Scientific
Research (AFOSR), Julian Tishkoff, technical monitor. S. D. Marcum
thanks the U.S. Air Force Summer Faculty Fellowship Program (SFFP) for
partial funding. All work was performed at Wright-Patterson Air Force
Base, Ohio.
NR 34
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0748-4658
J9 J PROPUL POWER
JI J. Propul. Power
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2008
VL 24
IS 5
BP 1079
EP 1084
DI 10.2514/1.31823
PG 6
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 348LF
UT WOS:000259211300020
ER
PT J
AU Heiser, WH
Pratt, DT
AF Heiser, W. H.
Pratt, D. T.
TI Comment on "Homogeneous-Dilution Model of Partially Fueled Simplified
Pulse Detonation Engines"
SO JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID ROCKET ENGINES; IMPULSE
C1 [Heiser, W. H.] USAF Acad, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
[Pratt, D. T.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
RP Heiser, WH (reprint author), USAF Acad, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0748-4658
J9 J PROPUL POWER
JI J. Propul. Power
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2008
VL 24
IS 5
BP 1151
EP 1151
DI 10.2514/1.36542
PG 1
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 348LF
UT WOS:000259211300031
ER
PT J
AU Gould, CH
Maybee, GJ
Leininger, B
Winter, WE
AF Gould, Claire H.
Maybee, Gabrielle J.
Leininger, Brian
Winter, William E.
TI Primary intussusception in pregnancy - A case report
SO JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTIVE MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
DE bowel obstruction; intussusception; pregnancy complications
ID ADULT INTUSSUSCEPTION; INTESTINAL-OBSTRUCTION; DIAGNOSIS
AB BACKGROUND: Intussusception is a rare cause of bowel obstruction in adults, typically associated with malignancy, granuloma formation, a foreign body or an anatomic defect.
CASE: A 21-year-old, primiparous woman presented at 33517 weeks' gestation with vague abdominal symptoms consistent with acute viral gastroenteritis. She did not improve with conservative measures. A presumptive diagnosis of severe preeclampsia was made based on elevated blood pressure, abnormal liver function tests and epigastric pain. Labor was induced 34517 weeks' gestation. The patient did not improve after an uncomplicated vaginal delivery. Abdominal radiographs and computed tomography were consistent with intussusception. Surgical findings were consistent with the radiologic findings. The patient underwent a right hemicolectomy with stapled anastomosis. No pathologic or anatomically anomalous lead point was identified intraoperatively or on filial pathology.
CONCLUSION: Intussusception is a rare finding in the peripartum period, often presenting with vague abdominal symptoms and mistaken for benign obstetric and nonobstetric diseases. This case is only the second one of adult perinatal intussusception without an anatomic or pathologic lead point.
C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Lackland AFB, TX USA.
Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Gen Surg, Lackland AFB, TX USA.
Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA.
RP Winter, WE (reprint author), NW Canc Specialists, Div Gynecol Oncol, 265 N Broadway Ave, Portland, OR 97035 USA.
EM william.winter@usoncology.com
NR 13
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU SCI PRINTERS & PUBL INC
PI ST LOUIS
PA PO DRAWER 12425 8342 OLIVE BLVD, ST LOUIS, MO 63132 USA
SN 0024-7758
J9 J REPROD MED
JI J. Reprod. Med.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 53
IS 9
BP 703
EP 707
PG 5
WC Obstetrics & Gynecology
SC Obstetrics & Gynecology
GA 350WA
UT WOS:000259383100013
PM 18839827
ER
PT J
AU Fitzgerald, BM
Elder, J
AF Fitzgerald, Brian Michael
Elder, Jamison
TI Will a 1-page informational handout decrease patients' most common fears
of anesthesia and surgery?
SO JOURNAL OF SURGICAL EDUCATION
LA English
DT Article
DE awareness; postoperative nausea and vomiting; patient communication;
postoperative pain; patient education
ID PATIENTS VIEW; CONSULTATION; ATTITUDES; KNOWLEDGE
AB OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to determine whether an informational handout alone Could measurably reduce some of the most common fears patients have about anesthesia and surgery.
DESIGN: An anonymous, Volunteer survey package consisting, of demographic information, a I1-page informational handout discussing common fears that patients have, and 2 identical surveys that assessed the patients' level of fear before and after reading the handout.
SETTING: Wilford Hall Medical Center, Lackland Air Force Base, San Antonio, Texas.
PARTICIPANTS: A total of 387 random volunteer patients awaiting their clinic visit with a provider the Anesthesiology Pre-Operarion Clinic of Wilford Hall Medical Center properly filled out the survey package.
METHODS: Patients were asked to rate their fears with respect to (1) the qualification of their anesthesia providers, and the potential for (2) death or serious illness, (3) awareness, (4) postoperative pain, (5) access to pain medications postoperatively, and (6) postoperative nausea and vomiting. The patients rated their fears for each Of the 6 categories using a Likert scale as either none, mild, moderate, or severe, which corresponded to scores of 0, 1, 2, or 3, respectively, for a maximum fear score of 18. The patients were then asked to read a 1-page Objective informational handout that addressed each of these potential fears. After reading the informational handout, the patients then repeated the fear survey.
RESULTS: Three hundred eighty-seven patients properly completed the survey packages. There were 160 (41.3%) patients who demonstrated a reduction in fear scores, with a 49.6% (p < 0.001) reduction between the mean initial fear score of 6.81 (CI 6.11 to 7.52) and mean final scores of 3.43 (CI 2.84 to 4.02). The most commonly reported fear was death (n = 196, 50.6%), and those patients with no prior Surgeries (n = 63, 17.3%) had the highest initial mean fear score of 5.13 (CI 3.79 to 6.37) and the largest reduction in their fear score with 36.1% (p < 0.001). Those patients between the ages of 26 years old and 39 years old had the high initial mean fear score of 5.39 (CI 4.37 to 6.30), whereas patients under the age of 25 years old had the largest reduction in their fear score with 37.6% (p < 0.001). Subset analysis of patients whose mean fear scores were reduced after reading the handout were found to have statistically significant higher initial mean fear scores and a larger overall reduction in fear scores. Neither initial fear scores nor a reduction in fears scores were found to correlate with the type of surgery a patient was planning to have.
CONCLUSION: With just over 40% of patients demonstrating a statistically significant reduction in their fear levels, consideration should given to making an informational handout available on a routine basis to patients in preoperative anesthesia and surgical clinics. Additionally, it seems that younger patients (under the age of 40 years old) and those with no prior Surgeries are the most likely to benefit from such a handout.
C1 [Elder, Jamison] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA.
[Fitzgerald, Brian Michael] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Anesthesiol, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA.
RP Fitzgerald, BM (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Anesthesiol, 2200 Bergquist Dr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA.
EM thefitzhouse@hotmail.com
NR 20
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 1931-7204
J9 J SURG EDUC
JI J. Surg. Educ.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2008
VL 65
IS 5
BP 359
EP 363
DI 10.1016/j.jsurg.2008.07.013
PG 5
WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Surgery
SC Education & Educational Research; Surgery
GA 356NE
UT WOS:000259784100008
PM 18809166
ER
PT J
AU Wang, X
Pan, E
Albrecht, JD
AF Wang, X.
Pan, E.
Albrecht, J. D.
TI Two-dimensional Green's functions in anisotropic multiferroic
bimaterials with a viscous interface
SO JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICS AND PHYSICS OF SOLIDS
LA English
DT Article
DE viscous interface; multiferroic material; Stroh formalism; image
singularity; image force
ID ELASTIC HALF-SPACES; IMAGE SINGULARITIES; DIFFUSIONAL CREEP; SLIDING
INTERFACE; SCREW DISLOCATION; FIBER COMPOSITES; BOUNDARY; PLANE; MEDIA
AB We derive, by virtue of the unified Stroh formalism, the extremely concise and elegant solutions for two-dimensional and (quasi-static) time-dependent Green's functions in anisotropic magnetoelectroelastic multiferroic bimaterials with a viscous interface subjected to an extended line force and an extended line dislocation located in the upper half-plane. It is found for the first time that, in the multiferroic bimaterial Green's functions, there are 25 static image singularities and 50 moving image singularities in the form of the extended line force and extended line dislocation in the upper or lower half-plane. It is further observed that, as time evolves, the moving image singularities, which originate from the locations of the static image singularities, will move further away from the viscous interface with explicit time-dependent locations. Moreover, explicit expression of the time-dependent image force on the extended line dislocation due to its interaction with the viscous interface is derived, which is also valid for mathematically degenerate materials. Several special cases are discussed in detail for the image force expression to illustrate the influence of the viscous interface on the mobility of the extended line dislocation, and various interesting features are observed. These Green's functions can not only be directly applied to the study of dislocation mobility in the novel multiferroic bimaterials, they can also be utilized as kernel functions in a boundary integral formulation to investigate more complicated boundary value problems where multiferroic materials/composites are involved. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Wang, X.; Pan, E.] Univ Akron, Dept Civil Engn, Akron, OH 44325 USA.
[Wang, X.; Pan, E.] Univ Akron, Dept Appl Math, Akron, OH 44325 USA.
[Albrecht, J. D.] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Pan, E (reprint author), Univ Akron, Dept Civil Engn, Akron, OH 44325 USA.
EM pan2@uakron.edu
RI Pan, Ernian/F-4504-2011
OI Pan, Ernian/0000-0001-6640-7805
FU AFOSR [FA9550-06-1-0317]
FX This work was supported in part by AFOSR FA9550-06-1-0317. The authors
would also like to thank the reviewers and the editor for their
constructive comments.
NR 31
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 8
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0022-5096
J9 J MECH PHYS SOLIDS
JI J. Mech. Phys. Solids
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 56
IS 9
BP 2863
EP 2875
DI 10.1016/j.jmps.2008.04.004
PG 13
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Physics, Condensed
Matter
SC Materials Science; Mechanics; Physics
GA 349FT
UT WOS:000259267400008
ER
PT J
AU LeMaster, DA
Cain, SC
AF LeMaster, Daniel A.
Cain, Stephen C.
TI Multichannel blind deconvolution of polarimetric imagery
SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA A-OPTICS IMAGE SCIENCE AND
VISION
LA English
DT Article
ID POLARIZATION; ALGORITHM
AB A maximum likelihood blind deconvolution algorithm is derived for incoherent polarimetric imagery using expectation maximization. In this approach, the unpolarized and fully polarized components of the scene are estimated along with the corresponding angles of polarization and channel point spread functions. The scene state of linear polarization is determined unambiguously using this parameterization. Results are demonstrated using laboratory data.
C1 [LeMaster, Daniel A.; Cain, Stephen C.] USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP LeMaster, DA (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 2950 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM daniel.lemaster@wpafb.af.mil
NR 20
TC 15
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 0
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1084-7529
J9 J OPT SOC AM A
JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. A-Opt. Image Sci. Vis.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 25
IS 9
BP 2170
EP 2176
DI 10.1364/JOSAA.25.002170
PG 7
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 354SK
UT WOS:000259659100005
PM 18758542
ER
PT J
AU Terry, NB
Engel, K
Alley, TG
Russell, TH
Roh, WB
AF Terry, Nathan B.
Engel, Kevin
Alley, Thomas G.
Russell, Timothy H.
Roh, Won B.
TI Beam quality of the Stokes output of continuous-wave Raman fiber
amplifiers using multimode fiber
SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID OPTICAL-FIBERS; HIGH-POWER; SCATTERING; CLEANUP; AMPLIFICATION; PULSES;
MODES
AB The beam quality of the Stokes output of a Raman fiber amplifier based on a long multimode graded-index fiber is examined. The beam quality of the Stokes output is modeled by considering the relative gain of the Stokes modes of the fiber; this model predicts that the beam quality of the coupled Stokes beam and the beam quality of the coupled pump beam determine the beam quality of the Stokes output. Experimental investigations validate this model by showing that the beam quality of the Stokes output is similar to the beam quality of the Stokes input. (C) 2008 Optical Society of America
C1 [Terry, Nathan B.; Engel, Kevin; Alley, Thomas G.; Russell, Timothy H.; Roh, Won B.] USAF, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Terry, NB (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, 2950 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM nathan.terry@wpafb.af.mil
NR 24
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 5
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0740-3224
J9 J OPT SOC AM B
JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 25
IS 9
BP 1430
EP 1436
DI 10.1364/JOSAB.25.001430
PG 7
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 353FZ
UT WOS:000259552800004
ER
PT J
AU Torrington, KG
AF Torrington, Kenneth G.
TI Lung cancer - Elapsed time from suspicious radiograph to treatment: How
fast is fast enough?
SO JOURNAL OF THORACIC ONCOLOGY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Torrington, Kenneth G.] San Antonio Uniformed Serv Hlth Educ Consortium, Lackland AFB, TX USA.
RP Torrington, KG (reprint author), 2200 Berquist Dr,Suite 1, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
EM kenneth.torrington@lackland.af.mil
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 1556-0864
J9 J THORAC ONCOL
JI J. Thorac. Oncol.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 3
IS 9
BP 947
EP 948
DI 10.1097/JTO.0b013e3181858ecb
PG 2
WC Oncology; Respiratory System
SC Oncology; Respiratory System
GA 347TV
UT WOS:000259164900001
PM 18758293
ER
PT J
AU Agliata, AK
Renk, K
AF Agliata, Allison Kanter
Renk, Kimberly
TI College students' adjustment: The role of parent-college student
expectation discrepancies and communication reciprocity
SO JOURNAL OF YOUTH AND ADOLESCENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE college students; parents; expectations; communication; adjustment
ID ADOLESCENT ADJUSTMENT; SELF-DISCREPANCY; UNIVERSITY LIFE; ATTACHMENT;
SUPPORT; STRESS; SCALE
AB Parents' influence on college students' adjustment is underestimated frequently. As college students often set goals based on their perceptions of their parents' expectations, discrepancies between college students' and their parents' expectations may be related to their adjustment. The purpose of this study was to examine parent-college student expectation discrepancies and communication reciprocity as predictors of college students' adjustment in a diverse sample of 69 male and 105 female freshmen and sophomores from a large southeastern university. A subsample of their mothers and fathers also participated in this study. Correlational results revealed that college students report experiencing lower levels of self-worth and adjustment when higher expectation discrepancies are present between themselves and their parents. Regression results also indicated that expectation discrepancies and college students' perceptions of communication reciprocity are important predictors of college students' self-worth and adjustment. Such findings suggested that teaching assertive communication skills to college students and their parents may serve as a means of promoting positive outcomes for college students.
C1 [Renk, Kimberly] Univ Cent Florida, Dept Psychol, Orlando, FL 32816 USA.
[Agliata, Allison Kanter] USAF, Shreveport, LA USA.
RP Renk, K (reprint author), Univ Cent Florida, Dept Psychol, POB 161390, Orlando, FL 32816 USA.
EM krenk@pegasus.cc.ucf.edu
NR 35
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 1
U2 6
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0047-2891
J9 J YOUTH ADOLESCENCE
JI J. Youth Adolesc.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 37
IS 8
BP 967
EP 982
DI 10.1007/s10964-007-9200-8
PG 16
WC Psychology, Developmental
SC Psychology
GA 322RR
UT WOS:000257393500007
ER
PT J
AU Alba-Baena, NG
Salas, W
Murr, LE
AF Alba-Baena, Noe G.
Salas, Wayne
Murr, Lawrence E.
TI Characterization of micro and nano two-phase regimes created by
explosive shock-wave consolidation of powder mixtures
SO MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
LA English
DT Article
DE two-phase systems; nanomaterials; shock-wave consolidation; alumina;
Sic; characterization
ID COMPOSITES; MICROSTRUCTURE; ALUMINUM
AB Mechanically mixed Al powders (150 pm in diameter) and different combinations of 21% volume fraction of SiC or Al2O3, (30 mu m or 30 nm particle sizes) were green compacted to 70% density. The compactions were explosively consolidated in cylindrical fixtures utilizing ammonium nitrate-fuel oil (ANFO) to fabricate stacks of two-phase, cylindrical monoliths 50 mm x 32 mm (diameter), along with pure aluminum (Al-1100) monoliths (as reference). Results show that the consolidated aluminum increases from a starting powder hardness of 24 HV to 46 HV. Correspondingly, hardness for the two-phase systems exhibits an increment by similar to 60% from the reference SWC Al-1100, while the total elongation declined by similar to 60%. Microstructures for these systems were also observed by optical metallography and TEM to exhibit the different second phases' consolidation and its effect on the fracture mechanisms. Images presented show the different rupture mechanisms observed from the different systems' samples; the aluminum ductile-dimple fracture, the intergranular debonding caused by the micron-sized ceramic second phase and the quasicleavage and transgranular fractures caused by the nano-ceramic second phase. (C) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Alba-Baena, Noe G.] Univ Autonoma Ciudad Juarez, Ciudad Juarez, Chihuahua, Mexico.
[Salas, Wayne] Tinker AFB, Tinker AFB, OK 73145 USA.
[Murr, Lawrence E.] Univ Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968 USA.
RP Alba-Baena, NG (reprint author), Univ Autonoma Ciudad Juarez, Ciudad Juarez, Chihuahua, Mexico.
EM nalba@uacj.mx; wayne.salas@tinker.af.mil; lemurr@utep.edu
RI Alba-Baena, Noe/C-3315-2012;
OI Murr, Lawrence/0000-0001-5942-8376
FU CONACYT-PROMEP (Mexico)
FX The authors express appreciation to Rodrigo Rios-Rodriguez and Alejandro
Loya-Puga at the Universidad Autonoma de Ciudad Juarez (UACJ)
Manufacturing Engineering Laboratories, Frank Medina and Hector Sandoval
at UTEP W.M. Keck Lab., Drs. John McClure and Luis Trueba in
Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, UTEP, and Tony Zimmerly and
Kevin Dziegiel at New Mexico Tech, EMRTC. Research supported by a
CONACYT-PROMEP (Mexico) Fellowship, and a Mr. and Mrs. MacIntosh
Murchison Endowment at UTEP.
NR 25
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 1044-5803
EI 1873-4189
J9 MATER CHARACT
JI Mater. Charact.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 59
IS 9
BP 1152
EP 1160
DI 10.1016/j.matchar.2007.09.003
PG 9
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 344ZF
UT WOS:000258965100002
ER
PT J
AU Dirama, TE
Varshney, V
Anderson, KL
Shumaker, JA
Johnson, JA
AF Dirama, T. E.
Varshney, V.
Anderson, K. L.
Shumaker, J. A.
Johnson, J. A.
TI Coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations of ionic polymer networks
SO MECHANICS OF TIME-DEPENDENT MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE polymer networks; self-healing; ionic bonds; toughness; molecular
dynamics simulations; coarse-grained modeling
ID CROSS-LINKED POLYMERS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; EPOXY-RESINS;
GLASSY-POLYMERS; TEMPERATURE; MODEL; FUNCTIONALITY; THERMOSETS;
MORPHOLOGY; IONOMERS
AB The stress-strain behavior of cross-linked polymeric networks was investigated using molecular dynamics simulations with a coarse-grained representation of the repeating units. The network structure was formed by dynamically cross-linking the reactants placed between two rigid layers comprised of particles of the same type. We studied two types of networks which differ only by one containing ionic pairs that amount to 7% of the total number of bonds present. The stress-strain curves were obtained after imposing deformation in tensile and shear modes to the networks and measuring their stress response. Under both forms of deformations there was improvement in the level of stress that the material could bear. Moreover, the time dependent behavior of the improvement in mechanical properties signified a self-healing mechanism.
C1 [Dirama, T. E.; Varshney, V.] Univ Technol Corp, Div Engn, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
[Anderson, K. L.] Procter&Gamble Corp Modeling & Simulat, Cincinnati, OH 45252 USA.
[Shumaker, J. A.] Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
[Johnson, J. A.] USAF, Res Lab, Nonmetall Mat Div, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Dirama, TE (reprint author), Univ Technol Corp, Div Engn, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
EM taner.dirama.ctr@wpafb.af.mil
NR 22
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 16
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1385-2000
J9 MECH TIME-DEPEND MAT
JI Mech. Time-Depend. Mater.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 12
IS 3
BP 205
EP 220
DI 10.1007/s11043-008-9058-5
PG 16
WC Mechanics; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing
SC Mechanics; Materials Science
GA 338WP
UT WOS:000258540400002
ER
PT J
AU Jordan, JL
Foley, JR
Siviour, CR
AF Jordan, Jennifer L.
Foley, Jason R.
Siviour, Clive R.
TI Mechanical properties of Epon 826/DEA epoxy
SO MECHANICS OF TIME-DEPENDENT MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE glassy polymer; high strain rate mechanical properties; epoxy;
Mulliken-Boyce model
ID HIGH-DENSITY POLYETHYLENE; HIGH-STRAIN RATES; COMPRESSION YIELD
BEHAVIOR; HOPKINSON PRESSURE BAR; CONSTITUTIVE MODEL; GLASSY-POLYMERS;
TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; THERMOSETTING RESINS; DEFORMATION-BEHAVIOR;
MULTIAXIAL LOADINGS
AB Polymers are becoming increasingly used in aerospace structural applications, where they experience complex, non-static loads. Correspondingly, the mechanical properties at high strain rates are of increasing importance in these applications. This paper investigates the compressive properties of Epon 826 epoxy resin cured with diethynolamine (DEA) across strain rates from 10(-3)supercript stop to 10(4)supercript stop s(-1)supercript stop. Specimens were tested using an Instron mechanical testing machine for static loading, traditional split Hopkinson pressure bars (SHPBs) for high strain rates, and a miniaturized SHPB for ultra-high strain rates. Additionally, the material was tested using dynamic mechanical analysis to determine the effects of time and temperature equivalences on the strain rate behavior of the samples. The experimental data is used to fit the Mulliken-Boyce model, modified for one-dimension, which is able to capture the compressive mechanical properties over a range of strain rates.
C1 [Jordan, Jennifer L.] USAF, Energet Mat Branch, Munit Directorate, Res Lab, Eglin AFB, FL 32542 USA.
[Foley, Jason R.] USAF, Fuzes Branch, Munit Directorate, Res Lab, Eglin AFB, FL 32542 USA.
[Siviour, Clive R.] Univ Oxford, Dept Engn Sci, Oxford OX1 3PJ, England.
RP Jordan, JL (reprint author), USAF, Energet Mat Branch, Munit Directorate, Res Lab, Eglin AFB, FL 32542 USA.
EM jennifer.jordan@eglin.af.mil
RI Siviour, Clive/E-2032-2012;
OI Jordan, Jennifer/0000-0002-4596-5872
NR 57
TC 43
Z9 43
U1 4
U2 29
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1385-2000
J9 MECH TIME-DEPEND MAT
JI Mech. Time-Depend. Mater.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 12
IS 3
BP 249
EP 272
DI 10.1007/s11043-008-9061-x
PG 24
WC Mechanics; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing
SC Mechanics; Materials Science
GA 338WP
UT WOS:000258540400005
ER
PT J
AU Anderson, PE
Reo, NV
DelRaso, NJ
Doom, TE
Raymer, ML
AF Anderson, Paul E.
Reo, Nicholas V.
DelRaso, Nicholas J.
Doom, Travis E.
Raymer, Michael L.
TI Gaussian binning: a new kernel-based method for processing NMR
spectroscopic data for metabolomics
SO METABOLOMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Gaussian; binning; pattern recognition; quantification; nuclear magnetic
resonance
ID PATTERN-RECOGNITION CLASSIFICATION; MAGNETIC-RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY;
H-1-NMR SPECTROSCOPY; PRINCIPAL-COMPONENTS; RAT; URINE; MODEL;
METABONOMICS; LESIONS; LIVER
AB In many metabolomics studies, NMR spectra are divided into bins of fixed width. This spectral quantification technique, known as uniform binning, is used to reduce the number of variables for pattern recognition techniques and to mitigate effects from variations in peak positions; however, shifts in peaks near the boundaries can cause dramatic quantitative changes in adjacent bins due to non-overlapping boundaries. Here we describe a new Gaussian binning method that incorporates overlapping bins to minimize these effects. A Gaussian kernel weights the signal contribution relative to distance from bin center, and the overlap between bins is controlled by the kernel standard deviation. Sensitivity to peak shift was assessed for a series of test spectra where the offset frequency was incremented in 0.5 Hz steps. For a 4 Hz shift within a bin width of 24 Hz, the error for uniform binning increased by 150%, while the error for Gaussian binning increased by 50%. Further, using a urinary metabolomics data set (from a toxicity study) and principal component analysis (PCA), we showed that the information content in the quantified features was equivalent for Gaussian and uniform binning methods. The separation between groups in the PCA scores plot, measured by the J(2) quality metric, is as good or better for Gaussian binning versus uniform binning. The Gaussian method is shown to be robust in regards to peak shift, while still retaining the information needed by classification and multivariate statistical techniques for NMR-metabolomics data.
C1 [Anderson, Paul E.; Doom, Travis E.; Raymer, Michael L.] Wright State Univ, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Dayton, OH 45435 USA.
[Reo, Nicholas V.] Wright State Univ, Boonshoft Sch Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Dayton, OH 45429 USA.
[DelRaso, Nicholas J.] USAF, Wright Patterson AFB, Human Performance Wing 711, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Raymer, ML (reprint author), Wright State Univ, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Dayton, OH 45435 USA.
EM michael.raymer@wright.edu
RI Raymer, Michael/G-3398-2013
OI Raymer, Michael/0000-0003-2649-0792
FU Air Force Research Laboratory; Human Effectiveness Directorate;
Biotechnology Branch (AFRL/HEPB); The Henry M Jackson Foundation
[132633]
FX This work was supported in part by grants from the Air Force Research
Laboratory, Human Effectiveness Directorate, Biotechnology Branch
(AFRL/HEPB), The Henry M Jackson Foundation for Advancement of Military
Medicine, Inc. (Contract No. 132633).
NR 27
TC 26
Z9 26
U1 0
U2 9
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1573-3882
J9 METABOLOMICS
JI Metabolomics
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 4
IS 3
BP 261
EP 272
DI 10.1007/s11306-008-0117-3
PG 12
WC Endocrinology & Metabolism
SC Endocrinology & Metabolism
GA 345PE
UT WOS:000259007900007
ER
PT J
AU Cleveland, MBA
AF Cleveland, Bradley A.
TI THE LAST SHALL BE FIRST: THE USE OF LOCALIZED SOCIO-ECONOMIC POLICIES IN
CONTINGENCY CONTRACTING OPERATIONS
SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
RP Cleveland, MBA (reprint author), USAF, Legal Operat Agcy, Judge Advocate Gen Sch, Maxwell AFB, AL USA.
NR 21
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL
PI CHARLOTTESVILLE
PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA
SN 0026-4040
J9 MIL LAW REV
JI Milit. Law Rev.
PD FAL
PY 2008
VL 197
BP 103
EP 144
PG 42
WC Law
SC Government & Law
GA 359WA
UT WOS:000260017700003
ER
PT J
AU Arnold, JG
Michener, MD
AF Arnold, Jason G.
Michener, Michael D.
TI Evaluation of dermatologic conditions by primary care providers in
deployed military settings
SO MILITARY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID SOLDIERS
AB Dermatologic illnesses have historically been a significant source of morbidity and resource utilization in fielded military forces. The impact of cutaneous diseases during U.S. military conflicts is reviewed, and recent data from Craig Joint Theater Hospital at Bagram Air Field in Afghanistan are presented, confirming previous experience. A discussion of the difficulties of diagnosing and treating dermatologic conditions for deployed primary care providers is provided, including recommendations to improve patient care and military unit readiness.
C1 [Arnold, Jason G.] Family Med Clin, Robins AFB, GA 31098 USA.
[Michener, Michael D.] Scott AFB St Louis Univ, Family Med Residency Program, Belleville, IL 62220 USA.
RP Arnold, JG (reprint author), Family Med Clin, Robins AFB, GA 31098 USA.
NR 18
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US
PI BETHESDA
PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0026-4075
J9 MIL MED
JI Milit. Med.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 173
IS 9
BP 882
EP 888
PG 7
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 352YW
UT WOS:000259534300010
PM 18816928
ER
PT J
AU Collins, RS
Berg, GE
AF Collins, Randall S.
Berg, Gregory E.
TI Distribution of ametropia among military beneficiaries
SO MILITARY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID REFRACTIVE ERRORS; PREVALENCE; MYOPIA
AB In addition to active duty military members and their dependents, retired military members and the members of their immediate families are eligible for eye care in military medical treatment facilities. We recorded refractive errors, age, sex, and race for 4,595 individual beneficiaries visiting optometry clinics at two U.S. Air Force medical treatment facilities during 2005 to 2006. Evaluation revealed most patients requiring optical correction were myopic, or near-sighted, and there was an increase in the degree of myopia between ages 4 and 23. That trend is reversed at age 30 and, by age 60, most patients are hyperopic, or far-sighted. Both trends were true for both sexes and all ethnicities studied. The degree of astigmatism was distributed similarly between races and age groups. Presbyopia occurred at similar ages and progressed at similar rates in all ethnicities and both sexes.
C1 [Collins, Randall S.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA.
[Berg, Gregory E.] Joint POW MIA Accounting Command, Cent Identificat Lab, Hickam AFB, HI 96853 USA.
RP Collins, RS (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, 2131 Pepperell St,Suite 1, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA.
NR 15
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US
PI BETHESDA
PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0026-4075
J9 MIL MED
JI Milit. Med.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 173
IS 9
BP 913
EP 917
PG 5
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 352YW
UT WOS:000259534300015
PM 18816933
ER
PT J
AU Tschopp, MA
Wilks, GB
Spowart, JE
AF Tschopp, M. A.
Wilks, G. B.
Spowart, J. E.
TI Multi-scale characterization of orthotropic microstructures
SO MODELLING AND SIMULATION IN MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
ID METAL-MATRIX COMPOSITES; VOLUME FRACTION FLUCTUATIONS; RECONSTRUCTING
RANDOM-MEDIA; CRACK DEFLECTION PROCESSES; 3-DIMENSIONAL
CHARACTERIZATION; QUANTITATIVE DESCRIPTION; SIMULATION; MODEL;
PREPROCESSOR; MORPHOLOGY
AB Computer-generated 2D microstructures of varying second phase area fraction (5-30%), aspect ratio (1-16) and degree of alignment (where the reinforcement major-axis orientation is random, perfectly aligned or semi-aligned) are analyzed via the isotropic and directional forms of the computationally efficient multi-scale analysis of area fractions (MSAAF) technique. The impact of these microstructure parameters on the representative volume element (RVE) necessary to characterize a microstructure is ascertained with variations in isotropic and directional homogeneous length scales, derivative quantities of the MSAAF technique. Analysis of these results produces empirical expressions for the directional homogeneous length scale as a function of area fraction and aspect ratio for the limiting cases of random and 'perfect' second phase alignment. Generally, particle alignment is observed to increase the aspect ratio of a microstructure's RVE-a trend amplified by higher reinforcement aspect ratios and lower area fractions. Particle alignment also decreases the absolute size of such an element by reducing the directional homogeneous length scales transverse to the axis of alignment. Periodic boundary conditions on the perimeter of the synthetic microstructures are used to characterize the error in the MSAAF technique via multiple instantiations of the same microstructure, which further indicates that the statistical variation in the directional homogeneous length scale (measured by the directional MSAAF technique) can be an order of magnitude less than the variation in the isotropic homogeneous length scale (measured by the isotropic MSAAF technique).
C1 [Tschopp, M. A.; Wilks, G. B.; Spowart, J. E.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Tschopp, M. A.] Universal Technol Corp, Dayton, OH USA.
[Wilks, G. B.] Gen Dynam Inc, Dayton, OH USA.
RP Tschopp, MA (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM mark.tschopp.ctr@wpafb.af.mil
RI Tschopp, Mark/B-1594-2008
OI Tschopp, Mark/0000-0001-8471-5035
NR 31
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 9
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0965-0393
J9 MODEL SIMUL MATER SC
JI Model. Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 16
IS 6
AR 065009
DI 10.1088/0965-0393/16/6/065009
PG 14
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA 336SV
UT WOS:000258385800009
ER
PT J
AU Dajani, I
Zeringue, C
Bronder, TJ
Shay, T
Gavrielides, A
Robin, C
AF Dajani, Iyad
Zeringue, Clint
Bronder, T. Justin
Shay, Thomas
Gavrielides, Athanasios
Robin, Craig
TI A theoretical treatment of two approaches to SBS mitigation with
two-tone amplification
SO OPTICS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
ID BRILLOUIN-SCATTERING; FIBER; MODE
AB A technique that employs two seed signals for the purpose of mitigating stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) effects in narrow-linewidth Yb-doped fiber amplifiers is investigated theoretically by constructing a self-consistent model that incorporates the laser gain, SBS, and four-wave mixing (FWM). The model reduces to solving a two-point boundary problem consisting of an 8x8 system of coupled nonlinear differential equations. Optimal operating conditions are determined by examining the interplay between the wavelength separation and power ratio of the two seeds. Two variants of this 'two-tone' amplification are considered. In one case the wavelength separation is precisely twice the Brillouin shift, while the other case considers a greater wavelength separation. For the former case, a two-fold increase in total output power over a broad range of seed power ratios centered about a ratio of approximately 2 is obtained, but with fairly large FWM. For the latter case, this model predicts an approximately 100% increase in output power (at SBS threshold with no signs of FWM) for a 'two-tone' amplifier with seed signals at 1064nm and 1068nm, compared to a conventional fiber amplifier with a single 1068nm seed. More significantly for this case, it is found that at a wavelength separation greater than 10nm, it is possible to appreciably enhance the power output of one of the laser frequencies. (c) 2008 Optical Society of America.
C1 [Dajani, Iyad; Zeringue, Clint; Bronder, T. Justin; Shay, Thomas; Gavrielides, Athanasios; Robin, Craig] USAF, Res Lab, High Power Solid State Lasers Branch, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA.
RP Dajani, I (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, High Power Solid State Lasers Branch, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA.
EM Iyad.Dajani@kirtland.af.mil
NR 16
TC 32
Z9 37
U1 2
U2 7
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1094-4087
J9 OPT EXPRESS
JI Opt. Express
PD SEP 1
PY 2008
VL 16
IS 18
BP 14233
EP 14247
DI 10.1364/OE.16.014233
PG 15
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 349GZ
UT WOS:000259270600078
PM 18773034
ER
PT J
AU Vaughan, CC
AF Vaughan, Champ Clark
TI The Oregon Geographic Names Board - One hundred years of toponymic
nomenclature
SO OREGON HISTORICAL QUARTERLY
LA English
DT Article
C1 [Vaughan, Champ Clark] Oregon Geog Names Board, Portland, OR USA.
[Vaughan, Champ Clark] USAF, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
RP Vaughan, CC (reprint author), Oregon Geog Names Board, Portland, OR USA.
NR 33
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU OREGON HISTORICAL SOC
PI PORTLAND
PA 1230 SW PARK AVE, PORTLAND, OR 97205 USA
SN 0030-4727
J9 OREG HIST QUART
JI Oregon Hist. Q.
PD FAL
PY 2008
VL 109
IS 3
BP 412
EP 433
PG 22
WC History
SC History
GA 350LT
UT WOS:000259354700003
ER
PT J
AU Wu, Z
Haus, JW
Zhan, QW
Nelson, RL
AF Wu, Zhi
Haus, Joseph W.
Zhan, Qiwen
Nelson, Robert L.
TI Plasmonic notch filter design based on long-range surface plasmon
excitation along metal grating
SO PLASMONICS
LA English
DT Article
DE surface plasmon; notch filter; metal grating; evanescent wave
ID COUPLED-WAVE ANALYSIS; ELECTROOPTIC MODULATOR; LIGHT-MODULATOR;
RESONANCE; FILMS; IMPLEMENTATION; SENSORS
AB A single notch plasmonic spectral filter design using evanescently coupled resonant ultrathin metal grating is numerically studied in this article. Due to excitation and coupling of long range surface plasmon between the metal grating nanowires, a deep and narrow reflection spectrum dip can be obtained. Narrower spectral bandwidth is achieved through decreased damping from the existence of large dielectric gaps between the grating nanowires. This physical explanation is confirmed by the field distribution calculation. As an example, a single notch filter design with full width half maximum band width less than 3 nm centered at 808 nm is presented.
C1 [Wu, Zhi; Haus, Joseph W.; Zhan, Qiwen] Univ Dayton, Electroopt Grad Program, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
[Nelson, Robert L.] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson Air Force Base, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Zhan, QW (reprint author), Univ Dayton, Electroopt Grad Program, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
EM qiwen.zhan@notes.udayton.edu
NR 23
TC 13
Z9 15
U1 2
U2 13
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1557-1955
J9 PLASMONICS
JI Plasmonics
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 3
IS 2-3
BP 103
EP 108
DI 10.1007/s11468-008-9062-2
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 334US
UT WOS:000258247300008
ER
PT J
AU Mizuno, DR
Carey, SJ
Noriega-Crespo, A
Paladini, R
Padgett, D
Shenoy, S
Kuchar, TA
Kraemer, KE
Price, SD
AF Mizuno, D. R.
Carey, S. J.
Noriega-Crespo, A.
Paladini, R.
Padgett, D.
Shenoy, S.
Kuchar, T. A.
Kraemer, K. E.
Price, S. D.
TI Processing for the MIPSGAL 24 mu m survey of the inner galactic plane
SO PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC
LA English
DT Article
ID MULTIBAND IMAGING PHOTOMETER; SPITZER
AB We describe improvements to the data processing pipeline for the Spitzer MIPSGAL survey of the Galactic plane. These involve both improvements to the processing of the 24 mu m data, in particular the handling of saturations and near-saturated data, and mitigation of various artifacts not corrected in the basic calibration pipeline. The artifacts addressed postpipeline are typically caused by passage across bright point sources very common in the Galactic plane, and include column-to-column "jailbar" striping, latency effects resulting in both short-duration afterimages and long-duration responsivity depressions, scattered light, and background-level mismatches. We describe the artifacts phenomenologically and present in detail the algorithms developed to correct them.
C1 [Mizuno, D. R.; Kuchar, T. A.] Boston Coll, Inst Sci Res, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 USA.
[Carey, S. J.; Noriega-Crespo, A.; Paladini, R.; Padgett, D.; Shenoy, S.] CALTECH, Spitzer Sci Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Kraemer, K. E.; Price, S. D.] USAF, Res Lab, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
RP Mizuno, DR (reprint author), Boston Coll, Inst Sci Res, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 USA.
EM afrl.rvb.pa@hanscom.af.mil; carey@ipac.caltech.edu;
alberto@ipac.caltech.edu; paladini@ipac.caltech.edu;
afrl.rvb.pa@hanscom.af.mil; afrl.rvb.pa@hanscom.af.mil
FU JPL/Caltech
FX This work is based on observations made with the Spitzer Space
Telescope, which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory,
California Institute of Technology under a contract with NASA. Support
for this work was provided by NASA through an award issued by
JPL/Caltech.
NR 6
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 1
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-6280
J9 PUBL ASTRON SOC PAC
JI Publ. Astron. Soc. Pac.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 120
IS 871
BP 1028
EP 1042
DI 10.1086/591809
PG 15
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 352MI
UT WOS:000259500900008
ER
PT J
AU Hwang, JY
Neira, A
Scharf, TW
Tiley, J
Banerjee, R
AF Hwang, J. Y.
Neira, A.
Scharf, T. W.
Tiley, J.
Banerjee, R.
TI Laser-deposited carbon nanotube reinforced nickel matrix composites
SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Ni-based nanocomposite; laser deposition; metal-matrix composite; carbon
nanotube; interface
ID GRAPHITE; ALUMINUM
AB Composites based on multiwalled carbon nanotubes dispersed in nickel matrix have been processed using the laser-engineered net shape technique. The present study focuses on the survival of nanotubes in liquid nickel matrix during melt processing. The stability of nanotubes versus graphite powders in liquid nickel has been compared by processing both types of composites under identical conditions and subsequently characterizing their microstructure and chemical stability in detail using scanning and transmission electron microscopy, and micro-Raman spectroscopy. (c) 2008 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Hwang, J. Y.; Neira, A.; Scharf, T. W.; Banerjee, R.] Univ N Texas, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Denton, TX 76203 USA.
[Tiley, J.] Mat & Mfg Directorate, Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA.
RP Banerjee, R (reprint author), Univ N Texas, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Denton, TX 76203 USA.
EM banerjee@unt.edu
NR 13
TC 30
Z9 30
U1 5
U2 19
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6462
J9 SCRIPTA MATER
JI Scr. Mater.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 59
IS 5
BP 487
EP 490
DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2008.04.032
PG 4
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy &
Metallurgical Engineering
GA 333PR
UT WOS:000258165100003
ER
PT J
AU Trei, JS
Canas, LC
Gould, PL
AF Trei, Jill S.
Canas, Linda C.
Gould, Philip L.
TI Reproductive tract complications associated with Chlamydia trachomatis
infection in US air force males within 4 years of testing
SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
ID SCREENING-PROGRAMS; MEN; ANTIBODIES; INFERTILE; PROSTATITIS; PREVALENCE;
WOMEN; URETHRITIS; PARAMETERS; MANAGEMENT
AB Background: Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) is a common sexually transmitted infection for which young, sexually active persons are at highest risk. Health consequences such as orchitis/epididymitis, prostatitis, infertility, and urethral stricture have been described among CT-infected males, although not all of these are indisputably linked to CT. Current literature lacks population-based studies needed to examine these associations on a larger scale, too evaluate the true risk of developing complications after a CT infection. The US Air Force contains a large population of young, sexually active males, making it suitable for conducting such a study.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study between 2001 and 2005 comparing the incidence of orchitis/epididymitis, prostatitis, infertility, and urethral stricture among male Air Force members with and without prior CT infections. Cumulative incidence rates were calculated and Cox proportional hazard models were generated to evaluate the risk of developing complications and to adjust for potential confounders.
Results: Among 17,764 men enrolled in the study, 913 (5.14%) experienced a reproductive tract outcome. Among CT-positive men, cumulative incidences or orchitis/epididymitis, prostatitis, infertility, and urethral stricture were 4.28%, 1.41%, 1.27%, and 0.13%, respectively. Orchitis/epididymitis [Hazard ratio (HR) = 1.38 (1.13-1.70)] and "any" outcome [HR = 1.37 (1.16-1.61)] were positively associated with CT; infertility, was marginally associated [HR = 1.36 (0.93-2.00)].
Conclusions: Overall, the burden of reproductive health outcomes aniong Air Force males is small. Significant associations were observed between CT and both orchitis/epididymitis and any outcome; a larger cohort or longer follow-up may have detected a significant association between CT and infertility.
C1 [Trei, Jill S.; Canas, Linda C.; Gould, Philip L.] USAF, Inst Operat Hlth, Brooks AFB, TX USA.
[Trei, Jill S.] Core6 Solut, San Antonio, TX USA.
RP Trei, JS (reprint author), 2513 Kennedy Circle, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA.
EM jill.trei.ctr@brooks.af.ml
NR 35
TC 10
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 2
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0148-5717
J9 SEX TRANSM DIS
JI Sex. Transm. Dis.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 35
IS 9
BP 827
EP 833
DI 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e3181761980
PG 7
WC Infectious Diseases
SC Infectious Diseases
GA 346DB
UT WOS:000259047500010
PM 18562984
ER
PT J
AU Andrews, JP
Palazotto, AN
DeSimio, MP
Olson, SE
AF Andrews, Jennifer P.
Palazotto, Anthony N.
DeSimio, Martin P.
Olson, Steven E.
TI Lamb Wave Propagation in Varying Isothermal Environments
SO STRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE lamb waves; elastic waves; thermal effects; isothermal environment
AB Military and commercial aerospace organizations are exploring structural health monitoring (SHM) systems to reduce maintenance costs and to verify the integrity of structural components exposed to harsh conditions. This technical note considers the use of Lamb waves to monitor plate and shell components of aerospace structures. For fielded applications, SHM systems will need to operate across a variety of environmental conditions, including large temperature ranges. Therefore, it is critical to understand the effects of temperature on Lamb wave propagation. The focus of this study is the effect of temperature on Lamb wave propagation in a constant-thickness metallic plate under isothermal conditions. Experimental measurements and analytical predictions are made over temperatures ranging from - 18 degrees C to 107 degrees C. Results indicate that only small and predictable changes in the wave propagation behavior occur over the temperature range investigated. This is significant because it may allow SHM systems to be designed for aircraft systems operating within this range without the need for complex compensation techniques.
C1 [Andrews, Jennifer P.; Palazotto, Anthony N.] USAF, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[DeSimio, Martin P.] ATK Mission Res, Dayton, OH USA.
[Olson, Steven E.] Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
RP Andrews, JP (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM jenpand@earthlink.net
FU Air Force Research Laboratory's Air Vehicles Directorate
[FA8650-04-D-3446]
FX The authors would like to acknowledge and thank the Air Force Research
Laboratory's Air Vehicles Directorate for sponsoring this research. The
efforts of M. DeSimio and S. Olson have been performed under Air Force
Contract FA8650-04-D-3446. The assistance of Mr Todd Bussey and Mr Kevin
Brown in the Structural Health Monitoring Lab is greatly appreciated.
NR 9
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 1
U2 6
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND
SN 1475-9217
J9 STRUCT HEALTH MONIT
JI Struct. Health Monit.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 7
IS 3
BP 265
EP 270
DI 10.1177/1475921708090564
PG 6
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA 361DW
UT WOS:000260108700006
ER
PT J
AU Rothwell, EJ
Perry, B
Stenholm, GJ
AF Rothwell, E. J.
Perry, B.
Stenholm, G. J.
TI Time-domain non-destructive evaluation of layered materials using
E-pulse technique
SO ELECTRONICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID REPRESENTATION; DIAGNOSTICS
AB The E-pulse technique has been suggested as a method for evaluating the health of material coatings on aircraft. In this Letter, the method is validated using experimental data acquired in the time domain. Results show that changes in the temporal reflected field may be used to determine if the properties of the coating have changed and necessitate a repair, or whether an improper repair has been made.
C1 [Rothwell, E. J.; Perry, B.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Stenholm, G. J.] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45434 USA.
RP Rothwell, EJ (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
EM rothwell@egr.msu.edu
FU Air Force Research Laboratory
FX This work was supported by the Air Force Research Laboratory.
NR 7
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU INST ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY-IET
PI HERTFORD
PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD SG1 2AY, ENGLAND
SN 0013-5194
J9 ELECTRON LETT
JI Electron. Lett.
PD AUG 28
PY 2008
VL 44
IS 18
BP 1055
EP U14
DI 10.1049/el:20082073
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA 347PX
UT WOS:000259154600007
ER
PT J
AU Chambreau, SD
Schneider, S
Rosander, M
Hawkins, T
Gallegos, CJ
Pastewait, MF
Vaghjiani, GL
AF Chambreau, Steven D.
Schneider, Stefan
Rosander, Michael
Hawkins, Tom
Gallegos, Christopher J.
Pastewait, Matthew F.
Vaghjiani, Ghanshyam L.
TI Fourier transform infrared studies in hypergolic ignition of ionic
liquids
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A
LA English
DT Article
ID GAS-PHASE; ISOCYANIC ACID; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; MELTING-POINTS; ROCKET
ENGINES; DECOMPOSITION; VAPORIZATION; AZIDE; SALTS; HNCO
AB A class of room-temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) that exhibit hypergolic activity toward fuming nitric acid is reported. Fast ignition of dicyanamide ionic liquids when mixed with nitric acid is contrasted with the reactivity of the ionic liquid azides, which show high reactivity with nitric acid, but do not ignite. The reactivity of other potential salt fuels is assessed here. Rapid-scan, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy of the preignition phase indicates the evolution of N2O from both the dicyanamide and azide RTILs. Evidence for the evolution of CO2 and isocyanic acid (HNCO) with similar temporal behavior to N2O from reaction of the dicyanamide ionic liquids with nitric acid is presented. Evolution of HN3 is detected from the azides. No evolution of HCN from the dicyanamide reactions was detected. From the FTIR observations, biuret reaction tests, and initial ab initio calculations, a mechanism is proposed for the formation of N2O, CO2, and HNCO from the dicyanamide reactions during preignition.
C1 [Chambreau, Steven D.; Schneider, Stefan; Rosander, Michael; Hawkins, Tom; Gallegos, Christopher J.; Pastewait, Matthew F.; Vaghjiani, Ghanshyam L.] USAF, AFRL RZSP, Prop Directorate, Space & Missile Prop Div, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA.
EM ghanshyam.vaghjiani@edwards.af.mil
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9300-06-C-0023]; Air Force
Research Laboratory [Edwards AFB, CA 93524]
FX Funding for this work was provided by the Air Force Office of Scientific
Research under Contract No. FA9300-06-C-0023 with the Air Force Research
Laboratory, Edwards AFB, CA 93524.
NR 73
TC 67
Z9 70
U1 0
U2 34
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1089-5639
J9 J PHYS CHEM A
JI J. Phys. Chem. A
PD AUG 28
PY 2008
VL 112
IS 34
BP 7816
EP 7824
DI 10.1021/jp8038175
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 340GE
UT WOS:000258633300007
PM 18681416
ER
PT J
AU Mirau, PA
Serres, JL
Jacobs, D
Garrett, PH
Vaia, RA
AF Mirau, Peter A.
Serres, Jennifer L.
Jacobs, David
Garrett, Patrick H.
Vaia, Richard A.
TI Structure and dynamics of surfactant interfaces in organically modified
clays
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B
LA English
DT Article
ID POLYMER/LAYERED SILICATE NANOCOMPOSITES; DIELECTRIC ALPHA-RELAXATION;
C-13 NMR; LAYERED SILICATES; GLASS-TRANSITION; SPECTROSCOPY; POLYMERS;
MONTMORILLONITE; HETEROGENEITY; POLYPROPYLENE
AB Organic modification of clays with surfactants is required for the preparation of polymer-clay nanocomposites for a variety of applications. We have studied the structure and dynamics of interfaces in synthetic clays modified with phosphonium surfactants. The chemical shifts, line widths, and relaxation times measured by (31)p, C-13, and H-1 NMR and the relaxation times measured by impedance spectroscopy allow us to monitor the dynamics over a wide range of time scales. The results show that the phosphonium headgroup is most restricted and that the mobility increases with increasing separation from the clay surface. The carbon chemical shifts show that the 16-carbon and 12-carbon surfactant tails of hexadecyltributyl phosphonium and dodecytriphenyl phosphonium are disordered at the interface and experience mobility over a range of time scales. The dynamics depend most strongly on the structure of the surfactant headgroup, and tributylphosphoniums are more mobile than the triphenylphosphoniums. Two dimensional chemical shift anisotropy spin exchange experiments show that the phosphorus atoms in the triphenylphosphonium surfactant are immobile on the clay surface on a 1 s time scale. The dynamics measured by impedance spectroscopy show a similar dependence on headgroup structure, even though the processes occur on very different time scales and length scales. The relationship between the structure and dynamics of the interface and the properties of composites are considered.
C1 [Mirau, Peter A.; Serres, Jennifer L.; Vaia, Richard A.] USAF, Res Labs, Nanostruct & Biol Mat Branch, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Jacobs, David; Garrett, Patrick H.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Elect Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA.
RP Mirau, PA (reprint author), USAF, Res Labs, Nanostruct & Biol Mat Branch, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM Peter.Mirau@wpafb.af.mil
NR 39
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 14
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1520-6106
J9 J PHYS CHEM B
JI J. Phys. Chem. B
PD AUG 28
PY 2008
VL 112
IS 34
BP 10544
EP 10551
DI 10.1021/jp801479h
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 340GF
UT WOS:000258633400021
PM 18671356
ER
PT J
AU Kelley, MC
Retterer, J
AF Kelley, M. C.
Retterer, J.
TI First successful prediction of a convective equatorial ionospheric storm
using solar wind parameters
SO SPACE WEATHER-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
AB One of the major challenges of the National Space Weather Program in the United States is to predict the generation of intense turbulence in the equatorial and low-latitude ionosphere. We term this a convective equatorial ionospheric storm since, much like a thunderstorm, low-density media erupt upward, releasing stored gravitational energy. This is an important phenomenon since both communication and navigational systems can be severely affected by the associated turbulence. Here, for the first time, we use solar wind data obtained upstream of the Earth and a physics-based assimilative model to successfully predict such an event during a strong magnetic storm in November 2004.
C1 [Kelley, M. C.] Cornell Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Retterer, J.] USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
RP Kelley, MC (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, 320 Rhodes Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
EM mikek@ece.cornell.edu; john.retterer@hanscom.af.mil
FU Atmospheric Science Division of the National Science Foundation; Air
Force Office of Scientific Research; National Science Foundation and
Cornell University
FX Research at Cornell University was supported by the Atmospheric Science
Division of the National Science Foundation. Work at the Air Force
Research Laboratory was partially supported by the Air Force Office of
Scientific Research. The Jicamarca Radio Observatory is operated by the
Instituto Geophysico del Peru and is supported in part through a
cooperative agreement between the National Science Foundation and
Cornell University. The authors thank Jorge Chau and Ronald Ilma for
assistance with the radar data.
NR 9
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 1542-7390
J9 SPACE WEATHER
JI Space Weather
PD AUG 28
PY 2008
VL 6
IS 8
AR S08003
DI 10.1029/2007SW000381
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
GA 343AX
UT WOS:000258825800001
ER
PT J
AU Suchalkin, S
Jung, S
Kipshidze, G
Shterengas, L
Hosoda, T
Westerfeld, D
Snyder, D
Belenky, G
AF Suchalkin, Sergey
Jung, Seungyong
Kipshidze, Gela
Shterengas, Leon
Hosoda, Takashi
Westerfeld, David
Snyder, Donald
Belenky, Gregory
TI GaSb based light emitting diodes with strained InGaAsSb type I quantum
well active regions
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID MU-M; LEDS
AB Mid-IR (lambda approximate to 3-3.5 mu m) light emitting diodes with quinternary AlInGaAsSb barriers and InGaAsSb strained quantum wells grown on GaSb substrates have been demonstrated. The devices produced a quasi-cw emission power of 0.7 mW at room temperature and 2.5 mW at T=80 K. (C) 2008 American Institute of Physics.
C1 [Suchalkin, Sergey; Westerfeld, David] Power Photon Corp, Stony Brook, NY 11790 USA.
[Jung, Seungyong; Kipshidze, Gela; Shterengas, Leon; Hosoda, Takashi; Belenky, Gregory] SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
[Snyder, Donald] USAF, Res Lab, Eglin AFB, FL 32542 USA.
RP Suchalkin, S (reprint author), Power Photon Corp, Stony Brook, NY 11790 USA.
EM suchal@ece.sunysb.edu
OI Hosoda, Takashi/0000-0001-8883-8497
FU United States Air Force [FA8651-07-C0152]; National Science Foundation
[DMR0710154]
FX The authors wish to acknowledge the support of the United States Air
Force under Contract No. FA8651-07-C0152, and of the National Science
Foundation under Grant No. DMR0710154.
NR 8
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 4
U2 15
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD AUG 25
PY 2008
VL 93
IS 8
AR 081107
DI 10.1063/1.2974795
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 345QR
UT WOS:000259011900007
ER
PT J
AU Gorokovsky, VI
Bowman, C
Gannon, PE
VanVorous, D
Voevodin, AA
Muratore, C
Kang, YS
Hu, JJ
AF Gorokovsky, V. I.
Bowman, C.
Gannon, P. E.
VanVorous, D.
Voevodin, A. A.
Muratore, C.
Kang, Y. S.
Hu, J. J.
TI Deposition and characterization of hybrid filtered arc/magnetron
multilayer nanocomposite cermet coatings for advanced tribological
applications
SO WEAR
LA English
DT Article
DE filtered arc; magnetron; nanocomposite; aerospace; oil-off event;
sliding wear
ID ADIABATIC SHEAR INSTABILITY; ARC-MAGNETRON COATINGS; C-N FILMS;
MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; HARD COATINGS; THIN-FILMS; PART II; PERFORMANCE;
TECHNOLOGY; SCALE
AB The demand for low-friction, wear and corrosion resistant components, which operate under severe conditions, has directed attention to advanced surface engineering technologies. The large area filtered arc deposition (LAFAD) process has demonstrated atomically smooth coatings at high deposition rates over large surface areas. In addition to the inherent advantages of conventional filtered arc technology (superhardness, improved adhesion, low defect density), the LAFAD technology allows functionally graded, multilayer, and nanocomposite architectures of multi-elemental coatings via electro-magnetic mixing of two plasma flows composed of different metal vapor ion compositions. Further advancement is realized through a combinatorial process using a hybrid filtered arc-magnetron technique to deposit multilayer nanocomposite TiCrN+TiBC cermet coatings. Multiple TiCrN + TiBC coating architectures were reviewed for their ability to provide wear resistance for Pyrowear 675 and M50 steels used in aerospace bearing and gear applications. Coating properties were characterized by a variety of methods including SEM/EDS, HRTEM, and XRD. Wear results were obtained for high contact stress boundary lubricated sliding and advanced bearing simulation testing for wear performance under oil-off operating conditions. The best coating candidates demonstrated order of magnitude increases in resistance to sliding wear, and extended low friction operation during simulated oil-off events. Coating failure mechanisms were brittle in nature and suggestions are presented for the further optimization of TiCrN + TiBC coating architectures. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Gorokovsky, V. I.; Bowman, C.; Gannon, P. E.; VanVorous, D.] Arcomac Surface Engn LLC, Ste D Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
[Gannon, P. E.] Montana State Univ, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Voevodin, A. A.; Muratore, C.; Kang, Y. S.; Hu, J. J.] USAF, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20330 USA.
RP Bowman, C (reprint author), Arcomac Surface Engn LLC, 151 Evergreen Dr, Ste D Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
EM cbowman@arcomac.com
RI Voevodin, Andrey/I-6684-2013
NR 47
TC 19
Z9 20
U1 2
U2 12
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0043-1648
J9 WEAR
JI Wear
PD AUG 25
PY 2008
VL 265
IS 5-6
BP 741
EP 755
DI 10.1016/j.wear.2008.01.003
PG 15
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA 323NJ
UT WOS:000257452500021
ER
PT J
AU Muratore, C
Clarke, DR
Jones, JG
Voevodin, AA
AF Muratore, C.
Clarke, D. R.
Jones, J. G.
Voevodin, A. A.
TI Smart tribological coatings with wear sensing capability
SO WEAR
LA English
DT Article
DE smart coatings; sliding wear; molybdenum disulfide; sensors
ID THERMAL BARRIER COATINGS; NANOCOMPOSITE COATINGS; MOS2 COATINGS;
LOW-FRICTION; LUMINESCENCE; BEHAVIOR; FILMS; LUBRICANT; THICKNESS;
STRESS
AB Tribological coatings were developed to allow automatic reporting of remaining wear life while in use. Monitoring of coating health was achieved by embedding sensor layers, known to produce distinctive luminescence spectra when exposed to laser illumination, throughout the thickness of a solid lubricant coating. For the current work, erbium- and samarium-doped yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) layers were used as sensor materials. One sensor layer was placed approximately midway through a molybdenum disulfide coating and another was located at the coating/substrate interface. Placement of the luminescent coatings in these positions allowed detection of wear depth and provided a warning of impending coating failure during testing. This smart coating concept is generally applicable to tribological coatings and can easily be implemented to safely increase reliance upon protective materials subject to wear and other damage mechanisms. The Soft MoS2 coatings with the imbedded ceramic sensor layers also demonstrated long wear lives (approximate to 200,000 cycles) in humid air compared to monolithic MoS2 coatings (< 10,000 cycles) with the same thickness, microstructure, morphology and composition. The mechanism for the observed wear life increase was examined and is discussed together with the general use of embedded wear sensors in smart tribological coatings. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Muratore, C.] USAF, Res Lab, UTC Inc, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Clarke, D. R.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Mat, Coll Engn, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
RP Muratore, C (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, UTC Inc, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM chris.muratore@wpafb.af.mil
RI Clarke, David/D-2616-2009; Voevodin, Andrey/I-6684-2013; Albe,
Karsten/F-1139-2011
NR 24
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 5
U2 38
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0043-1648
J9 WEAR
JI Wear
PD AUG 25
PY 2008
VL 265
IS 5-6
BP 913
EP 920
DI 10.1016/j.wear.2008.02.003
PG 8
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA 323NJ
UT WOS:000257452500039
ER
PT J
AU McGregor, SL
Hughes, WJ
Arge, CN
Owens, MJ
AF McGregor, S. L.
Hughes, W. J.
Arge, C. N.
Owens, M. J.
TI Analysis of the magnetic field discontinuity at the potential field
source surface and Schatten Current Sheet interface in the
Wang-Sheeley-Arge model
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID SOLAR-WIND SPEED; INTERPLANETARY; PREDICTION; STRENGTH; CORONA
AB The Wang-Sheeley-Arge solar wind model makes use of coupled potential field source surface (PFSS) and Schatten Current Sheet (SCS) models to reconstruct the coronal magnetic field on the basis of the observed line-of-sight photospheric magnetic field and a 1D kinematic code to propagate the solar wind to 1 AU. The source surface serves as the outer boundary of the PFSS model and the inner boundary of the SCS model. Known discontinuities arise in the tangential components of the magnetic field across this surface owing to differences in the imposed boundary conditions (Wang et al., 1998). Here we introduce a more flexible coupling between the two models, which considerably reduces the discontinuous behavior of the magnetic field across the model interface surface, to investigate the effects and importance of these kinks on the accuracy of the model's solar wind speed predictions at 1 AU. A detailed analysis of select Carrington rotations shows that removing the kinks can lead to changes in connectivity, creating different source regions for the solar wind. These changes lead to significantly improved predictions of solar wind structures at 1 AU some of the time, but most of the time, the kinks do not affect the predicted solar wind speed. This improvement is born out statistically by increases in the prediction skill scores of both solar wind velocity (1.7%) and interplanetary magnetic field polarity (1.4%) at 1 AU.
C1 [McGregor, S. L.; Hughes, W. J.; Owens, M. J.] Boston Univ, Ctr Integrated Space Weather Modeling, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
[Arge, C. N.] USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM USA.
RP McGregor, SL (reprint author), Boston Univ, Ctr Integrated Space Weather Modeling, 725 Commonwealth Ave, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
EM slmic@bu.edu
RI Owens, Mathew/B-3006-2010
OI Owens, Mathew/0000-0003-2061-2453
FU National Science Foundation [ATM-0120950, DGE-0221680]
FX We would like to thank R. Ulrich and the staff at Mount Wilson solar
observatory for providing us access to their data. We have also
benefited from the availability of the WIND and ACE data at NSSDC. This
research was supported in part by the CISM project, which is funded by
the STC Program of the National Science Foundation under the agreement
ATM-0120950. This research was supported in part by the National Science
Foundation under grant DGE-0221680.
NR 22
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0148-0227
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD AUG 22
PY 2008
VL 113
IS A8
AR A08112
DI 10.1029/2007JA012330
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 340MV
UT WOS:000258650600001
ER
PT J
AU Jones, TE
Eberhart, ME
Clougherty, DP
Woodward, C
AF Jones, Travis E.
Eberhart, Mark E.
Clougherty, Dennis P.
Woodward, Chris
TI Electronic selection rules controlling dislocation glide in bcc metals
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID SCREW DISLOCATIONS; TRANSITION-METALS; PLASTIC ANISOTROPY; AB-INITIO;
MO; TANTALUM; DEFORMATION; SIMULATION; SLIP; TA
AB The validity of the structure-property relationships governing the low-temperature deformation behavior of many bcc metals was brought into question with recent ab initio density functional studies of isolated screw dislocations in Mo and Ta. These relationships were semiclassical in nature, having grown from atomistic investigations of the deformation properties of the group V and VI transition metals. We find that the correct form for these structure-property relationships is fully quantum mechanical, involving the coupling of electronic states with the strain field at the core of long a/2 < 111 > screw dislocations.
C1 [Jones, Travis E.; Clougherty, Dennis P.] Colorado Sch Mines, Mol Theory Grp, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Eberhart, Mark E.; Clougherty, Dennis P.] Univ Vermont, Dept Phys, Burlington, VT 05405 USA.
[Woodward, Chris] USAF, Res Labs, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
RP Jones, TE (reprint author), Colorado Sch Mines, Mol Theory Grp, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM trjones@mines.edu; meberhar@mines.edu
RI Clougherty, Dennis/A-4519-2008
OI Clougherty, Dennis/0000-0002-7299-4898
NR 17
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 2
U2 6
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
EI 1079-7114
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD AUG 22
PY 2008
VL 101
IS 8
AR 085505
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.085505
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 340KD
UT WOS:000258643600045
PM 18764636
ER
PT J
AU Bopp, JC
Miller, TM
Viggiano, AA
Troe, J
AF Bopp, Joseph C.
Miller, Thomas M.
Viggiano, Albert A.
Troe, Juergen
TI Experimental and theoretical study of the ion-ion mutual neutralization
reactions Ar++SFn- (n=6, 5, and 4)
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID DISSOCIATIVE ELECTRON-ATTACHMENT; TOTAL CROSS-SECTIONS; RATE
COEFFICIENTS; RECOMBINATION; MOLECULES; SF6; RESOLUTION; APPARATUS;
KINETICS; ANIONS
AB The ion-ion mutual neutralization reactions Ar++SFn--> Ar+SFn (n=6, 5, and 4) have been studied in a flowing afterglow-Langmuir probe (FALP) apparatus at 300 K and 1 Torr of He buffer gas. Electron concentrations and product ion fractions were measured, and neutralization rate constants of 4.0x10(-8), 3.8x10(-8), and 4x10(-8) cm(3) s(-1) for SF6-, SF5-, and SF4-, respectively, were derived, with uncertainties of +/- 25% (+/- 35% for SF4-). During the neutralization process, excited neutrals are generated that are able to dissociate to neutral fragments. In the case of SF6, the formation of SF5 and SF4, and similarly in the case of SF5, the formation of SF4 and SF3 were observed and quantified. The mechanism of primary and secondary reaction was analyzed in detail, and rate constants for the dissociative electron attachments e(-)+SF5 -> F-+SF4 (k=3x10(-9) cm(3) s(-1),+/- 40%) and e(-)+SF3 -> F-+SF2 (k=2x10(-8) cm(3) s(-1),+400%,-75%) were also derived. The experimental ion-ion neutralization rate constants were found to be in good agreement with estimates from an optimum two-state double-passage Landau-Zener model. It was also found that energy partitioning in the neutralization is related to the extent of electronic excitation of Ar generated by the electron transfer processes. (C) 2008 American Institute of Physics.
C1 [Bopp, Joseph C.; Miller, Thomas M.; Viggiano, Albert A.] USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
[Troe, Juergen] Univ Gottingen, Inst Phys Chem, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany.
[Bopp, Joseph C.; Miller, Thomas M.; Viggiano, Albert A.] Boston Coll, Inst Sci Res, Chestnut Hill, MA USA.
RP Bopp, JC (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
EM afrl.rvb.pa@hanscom.af.mil
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research; Air Force Research Laboratory
Space Scholars Program
FX We are grateful to E. E. Nikitin for proposing the presented optimum
two-state double-passage Landau-Zener model. We are also grateful for
the support of this work by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research.
J.C.B. would also like to thank the Air Force Research Laboratory Space
Scholars Program for support of this work.
NR 42
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
EI 1089-7690
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD AUG 21
PY 2008
VL 129
IS 7
AR 074308
DI 10.1063/1.2965130
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 340KA
UT WOS:000258643300017
PM 19044768
ER
PT J
AU Chiu, YH
Dressler, RA
Levandier, DJ
Houchins, C
Ng, CY
AF Chiu, Y-H
Dressler, R. A.
Levandier, D. J.
Houchins, C.
Ng, C. Y.
TI Large-angle xenon ion scattering in Xe-propelled electrostatic
thrusters: We differential cross sections
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID HALL THRUSTER; ENERGY-DEPENDENCE; SPUTTERING YIELD; TRANSLATIONAL
ENERGY; ELASTIC-SCATTERING; BEAM MEASUREMENTS; PLUME; DISTRIBUTIONS;
BOMBARDMENT; PROPULSION
AB Elastic scattering between xenon ions and xenon atoms can produce ion Currents at large angles with respect to the axis of electrostatic thrusters. Differential scattering cross sections are needed to properly predict off-axis currents that can cause significant material erosion due to sputtering. Guided-ion beam differential cross section measurements are presented for Xe(+) + Xe and Xe(2+) + Xe elastic scattering at laboratory ion energies between 5 and 40 eV per ion charge. For the singly charged system, the experimental absolute differential cross sections are in excellent agreement with classical elastic scattering calculations based on the most recent ab initio ion-atom interaction potentials. The measurements for the doubly charged system are used to derive an approximate effective Xe(2+)-Xe interaction potential. The potentials are used to calculate absolute differential cross sections for both ion charge states at a typical Hall thruster ion energy of 270 eV per unit charge. The differential cross sections for the doubly charged ions are approximately a factor of 3 smaller than those of the singly charged system at large scattering angles. The importance of doubly charged ions with respect to material erosion is discussed on the basis of known Sputtering yields as a function of ion energy for molybdenum and boron nitride. It is concluded that at typical charge-state ratios, doubly charged ions only have an impact at elastic scattering angles where the scattered ion energy in the laboratory (thruster) frame of reference is low and the sputtering yields depend very strongly on ion kinetic energy.
C1 [Chiu, Y-H; Dressler, R. A.] USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
[Levandier, D. J.] Boston Coll, Inst Sci Res, Chestnut Hill, MA 02159 USA.
[Houchins, C.; Ng, C. Y.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP Chiu, YH (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
EM AFRL.RVB.PA@hanscom.af.mil
FU AFOSR [2303EP02]
FX This work is supported by AFOSR under task No 2303EP02 (Program Manager:
M Berman).
NR 40
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 5
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0022-3727
J9 J PHYS D APPL PHYS
JI J. Phys. D-Appl. Phys.
PD AUG 21
PY 2008
VL 41
IS 16
AR 165503
DI 10.1088/0022-3727/41/16/165503
PG 10
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 334KQ
UT WOS:000258221100066
ER
PT J
AU Fox, DM
Gilman, JW
Morgan, AB
Shields, JR
Maupin, PH
Lyon, RE
De Long, HC
Trulove, PC
AF Fox, Douglas M.
Gilman, Jeffrey W.
Morgan, Alexander B.
Shields, John R.
Maupin, Paul H.
Lyon, Richard E.
De Long, Hugh C.
Trulove, Paul C.
TI Flammability and thermal analysis characterization of imidazolium-based
ionic liquids
SO INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID TRIALKYLIMIDAZOLIUM SALTS; RHODIUM COMPLEXES; HYDROGENATION;
DEGRADATION; CATALYSIS
AB Room-temperature ionic liquids have been identified as nonvolatile, nonflammable compounds with a wide range of applications. However, numerous thermal studies have identified volatile decomposition products and a source for fuel, raising questions regarding the fire hazard of ionic liquids. To address these questions, the flammability properties of imidazolium-based ionic liquids have been measured using cone calorimetry and microscale combustion calorimetry. The combustion data are compared to flashpoints estimated from thermal gravimetric analysis data. The resulting flammability properties of ionic liquids are comparable to aliphatic hydrocarbon plastics (polyethylene and polyamide) and lower than high boiling organic solvents (ethyl lactate and dimethyl sulfoxide). Several structure-property relationships are observed, including alkyl chain length and anion type.
C1 [Fox, Douglas M.] American Univ, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20016 USA.
[Gilman, Jeffrey W.; Shields, John R.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Morgan, Alexander B.] Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
[Maupin, Paul H.] US DOE, Off Basic Energy Sci, Atlantic City, NJ 08405 USA.
[De Long, Hugh C.] USAF, Off Sci Res, Arlington, VA 22203 USA.
[Lyon, Richard E.] FAA, Atlantic City, NJ 08405 USA.
[Trulove, Paul C.] USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
RP Fox, DM (reprint author), American Univ, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20016 USA.
EM dfox@american.edu
RI Morgan, Alexander/A-9672-2009
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research [F1ATA06300J001]; Federal
Aviation Administration [ISSA-DTFA0003-92-Z-0018]
FX We would like to thank the Air Force Office of Scientific Research
(F1ATA06300J001) and the Federal Aviation Administration
(ISSA-DTFA0003-92-Z-0018) for partial funding of this work.
NR 32
TC 34
Z9 35
U1 6
U2 27
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0888-5885
J9 IND ENG CHEM RES
JI Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.
PD AUG 20
PY 2008
VL 47
IS 16
BP 6327
EP 6332
DI 10.1021/ie800665u
PG 6
WC Engineering, Chemical
SC Engineering
GA 336XO
UT WOS:000258400300061
ER
PT J
AU Krause, LH
Balthazor, R
McHarg, MG
Reinisch, BW
AF Krause, L. Habash
Balthazor, R.
McHarg, M. G.
Reinisch, B. W.
TI Development of a campaign to study equatorial ionospheric phenomena over
Guam
SO ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE equatorial ionosphere; space weather; digisonde; GPS; TEC
AB The United States Air Force Academy (USAFA) is in the process of developing a series of ground-based and space-based experiments to investigate the equatorial ionosphere over Guam and the southern crest of the Equatorial Appleton Anomaly over New Guinea. On the ground the Digital Ionospheric Sounder (University of Massachusetts, Lowell DPS-4 unit) and a dual-frequency GPS TEC/scintillation monitor will be used to investigate ionospheric phenomena in both campaign and long-term survey modes. In campaign mode, we will combine these observations with those collected from space during USAFA's FalconSAT-3 and FalconSAT-5 low Earth orbit satellite missions, which will be active over a period of several years beginning in the first quarter of the 2007 calendar year. Additionally, we will investigate the long-term morphology of key ionospheric characteristics useful for driving the International Reference Ionosphere, such as critical frequencies (f(circle)E, f(circle)F1, f(circle)F2, etc.), the M(3000) F2 parameter (the maximum useable frequency for a signal refracted within the F2 layer and received on the ground at a distance of 3000 kin away), and a variety of other characteristics. Specific targets of investigation include: (a) a comparison of TEC observed by the GPS receiver with those calculated by IRI driven by DPS-4 observations, (b) a comparison of plasma turbulence observed on-orbit with ionospheric conditions as measured from the ground, and (c) a comparison between topside ionospheric satellite in situ measurements of plasma density during an overpass of a Digisonde versus the calculated value based on extrapolation of the electron density profiles using Digisonde data and a topside alpha-Chapman function. This last area of investigation is discussed in detail in this paper. Published by Elsevier Ltd. on behalf of COSPAR.
C1 [Krause, L. Habash; Balthazor, R.; McHarg, M. G.] USAF Acad, Dept Phys, Space Phys & Atmospher Res Ctr, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
[Reinisch, B. W.] Univ Massachusetts, Ctr Atmospher Res, Lowell, MA 01854 USA.
RP Krause, LH (reprint author), USAF Acad, Dept Phys, Space Phys & Atmospher Res Ctr, HQ USAFA DFP 2354 Fairchild Dr,Suite 2A31, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
EM Linda.Krause@USAFA.af.mil; Bodo_Reinisch@uml.edu
OI Balthazor, Richard/0000-0002-4568-7446
NR 16
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0273-1177
J9 ADV SPACE RES
JI Adv. Space Res.
PD AUG 18
PY 2008
VL 42
IS 4
BP 791
EP 796
DI 10.1016/j.asr.2008.01.021
PG 6
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 333BM
UT WOS:000258127000027
ER
PT J
AU Cho, SY
Soref, R
AF Cho, Sang-Yeon
Soref, Richard
TI Interferometric microring-resonant 2x2 optical switches
SO OPTICS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
ID CARRIER-INJECTION; WAVE-GUIDES; SILICON; FILTERS; MODULATORS
AB We present modeling and simulation results on a new family of waveguided interferometric 2 x 2 optical routing switches actuated by electro-optic or thermo-optic or all-optical control. Two pairs of coupled microring resonators provide two 3dB coupling regions within a compact Mach-Zehnder geometry. An index perturbation Delta n of 2 x 10(-3) is sufficient to produce 100% 2 x 2 switching. This perturbation can be applied to one arm of the MZI or to the four rings in the device or to an additional ring that is coupled to one arm. We find that push-pull control is effective for switching: for example, when carriers are injected in one region and depleted in a corresponding second region. An optical transfer-matrix technique is employed to determine the electromagnetic response (the 1550-nm switching characteristics) of the three device-types. Microdisks can be employed instead of microrings, if desired. c 2008 Optical Society of America.
C1 [Cho, Sang-Yeon] New Mexico State Univ, Klipsch Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
[Cho, Sang-Yeon; Soref, Richard] USAF, Sensors Directorate, Res Lab, RYHC, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
RP Cho, SY (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, Klipsch Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
EM sangycho@nmsu.edu
RI Cho, Sang-Yeon/C-3075-2008
OI Cho, Sang-Yeon/0000-0002-4721-4087
FU AFOSR/NE
FX The authors wish to thank AFOSR/NE (Dr. Gernot Pomrenke, Program
Manager) for ongoing support of this in-house research. The authors also
wish to thank Dr. Walter Buchwald of AFRL for helpful technical
discussions. Sang-Yeon Cho is an AFOSR Summer Faculty scientist at AFRL
Hanscom.
NR 25
TC 22
Z9 26
U1 0
U2 10
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1094-4087
J9 OPT EXPRESS
JI Opt. Express
PD AUG 18
PY 2008
VL 16
IS 17
BP 13304
EP 13314
DI 10.1364/OE.16.013304
PG 11
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 349GG
UT WOS:000259268700089
PM 18711567
ER
PT J
AU Bai, ZW
Fossum, E
Moore, BE
Dang, TD
AF Bai, Zongwu
Fossum, Eric
Moore, Brian E.
Dang, Thuy D.
TI POLY 105-Synthesis and characterization of fluorine-contained polyimides
with the diamondoid pendants on the backbone
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DT Meeting Abstract
CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society
CY AUG 17-21, 2008
CL Philadelphia, PA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Bai, Zongwu] Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45409 USA.
[Fossum, Eric] Wright State Univ, Dept Chem, Dayton, OH 45435 USA.
[Moore, Brian E.; Dang, Thuy D.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Technol Directorate, AFRL RXBP, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM zongwu.bai@wpafb.af.mil; eric.fossum@wright.edu;
s09.bmoore@wittenberg.edu; thuy.dang@wpafb.af.mil
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PY 2008
VL 236
MA 105-POLY
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
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GA 499WD
UT WOS:000270256308237
ER
PT J
AU Balkundi, SS
Veerabadran, NG
Johnson, GR
Eby, DM
Lvov, YM
AF Balkundi, Shantanu S.
Veerabadran, Nalinkanth G.
Johnson, Glenn R.
Eby, D. Matthew
Lvov, Yuri M.
TI PMSE 198-Nanoshells on microbial spores through polyelectrolyte LbL
assembly
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C1 [Balkundi, Shantanu S.; Veerabadran, Nalinkanth G.; Lvov, Yuri M.] Louisiana Tech Univ, Inst Micromfg, Ruston, LA 71272 USA.
[Johnson, Glenn R.; Eby, D. Matthew] USAF, Airbase Technol Div, AF Res Lab, Tyndall AFB, FL 32403 USA.
EM ssb025@latech.edu; ngv001@latech.edu; ylvov@latech.edu
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VL 236
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WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
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GA 500EC
UT WOS:000270280001343
ER
PT J
AU Birnkrant, MJ
Li, CY
Natarajan, LV
Tondiglia, VP
Lloyd, PF
Sutherland, RL
Bunning, TJ
AF Birnkrant, Michael J.
Li, Christopher Y.
Natarajan, L. V.
Tondiglia, Vincent P.
Lloyd, Pamela F.
Sutherland, Richard L.
Bunning, Timothy J.
TI PMSE 210-2-D holographic patterning of polyoxyethylene
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C1 [Birnkrant, Michael J.; Li, Christopher Y.] Drexel Univ, AJ Drexel Nanotechnol Inst, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Birnkrant, Michael J.; Li, Christopher Y.] Drexel Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Natarajan, L. V.; Tondiglia, Vincent P.; Sutherland, Richard L.] Sci Applicat Int Corp, Dayton, OH 45431 USA.
[Lloyd, Pamela F.] UES, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
[Bunning, Timothy J.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM subbasic@drexel.edu; cyl24@drexel.edu; vincent.tondiglia@wpafb.af.mil
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VL 236
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UT WOS:000270280001451
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PT J
AU Chen, CG
Tolle, TB
Baur, JW
AF Chen, Chenggang
Tolle, Tia Benson
Baur, Jeffery W.
TI POLY 605-Processing-morphology of the nanocomposites of epoxy with
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VL 236
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GA 499WD
UT WOS:000270256308008
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PT J
AU Cheung, W
Ma, YF
Wei, DG
Bogozi, A
Chiu, PL
Wang, L
Pontoniero, F
Mendelsohn, R
He, HX
AF Cheung, William
Ma, Yufeng
Wei, Dongguang
Bogozi, Albert
Chiu, Pul Lam
Wang, Lin
Pontoniero, Francesco
Mendelsohn, Richard
He, Huixin
TI POLY 260-In situ polymerization of a thin skin of self-doped polyaniline
to improve electronic performance of carbon nanotube networks
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C1 [Cheung, William; Ma, Yufeng; Chiu, Pul Lam; Wang, Lin; Pontoniero, Francesco; Mendelsohn, Richard; He, Huixin] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Chem, Newark, NJ 07102 USA.
[Wei, Dongguang] Carl Zeiss SMT Inc, Peabody, MA USA.
[Bogozi, Albert] USAF, Res Labs, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM WillC8195@yahoo.com; fpontori@rutgers.edu; huixinhe@newark.rutgers.edu
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PT J
AU Choi, EK
Oh, SJ
Tan, LS
Baek, JB
AF Choi, Eun-Kyoung
Oh, Se-Jin
Tan, Loon-Seng
Baek, Jong-Beom
TI In situ grafting of hyperbranched poly(ether ketone) onto graphite via
A3+B2 approach in poly(phosphoric acid)/phosphorous pentoxide medium
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C1 [Choi, Eun-Kyoung; Oh, Se-Jin; Baek, Jong-Beom] Chungbuk Natl Univ, Sch Chem Engn, Cheongju 361763, Chungbuk, South Korea.
[Tan, Loon-Seng] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, AFRL RXBP, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM ekchoi@chungbuk.ac.kr; sejin@chungbuk.ac.kr; loon-seng.tan@wpafb.af.mil;
jbbaek@chungbuk.ac.kr
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VL 236
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GA 499WD
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ER
PT J
AU Dickerson, MB
Ahmad, G
Vernon, J
Cai, Y
Jones, SE
Wang, JD
Subramanyam, G
Naik, RR
Kroger, N
Sandhage, KH
AF Dickerson, Matthew B.
Ahmad, Gul
Vernon, Jonathan
Cai, Ye
Jones, Sharon E.
Wang, Jiadong
Subramanyam, Guru
Naik, Rajesh R.
Kroger, Nils
Sandhage, Kenneth H.
TI COLL 337-Peptide-induced room temperature formation of nanostructured
TiO2 and BaTiO3 from aqueous solutions
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C1 [Dickerson, Matthew B.; Jones, Sharon E.; Naik, Rajesh R.] USAF, Res Lab, Biotechnol Grp, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Ahmad, Gul] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Microbiol, Lubbock, TX 79430 USA.
[Vernon, Jonathan; Cai, Ye; Sandhage, Kenneth H.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Wang, Jiadong; Subramanyam, Guru] Univ Dayton, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
[Kroger, Nils] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biochem, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
EM Guru.Subramanyam@notes.udayton.edu; rajesh.naik@wpafb.af.mil;
nils.kroger@chemistry.gatech.edu; ken.sandhage@mse.gatech.edu
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GA 499WD
UT WOS:000270256303633
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PT J
AU Gordon, MS
Boatz, JA
AF Gordon, Mark S.
Boatz, J. A.
TI I&EC 164-Theoretical predictions of the structure and properties of
ionic liquids
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CY AUG 17-21, 2008
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C1 [Gordon, Mark S.] US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Gordon, Mark S.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Boatz, J. A.] AF Res Lab, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA.
EM mark@si.msg.chem.iastate.edu; Jerry.Boatz@edwards.af.mil
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VL 236
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GA 499WD
UT WOS:000270256305062
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PT J
AU Hong, GY
Pachter, R
AF Hong, Gongyi
Pachter, Ruth
TI INOR 481-Proton-transfer pathway in iron-only hydrogenase: Insight from
density functional theory calculations and molecular dynamics
simulations
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[Pachter, Ruth] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, AFRL ML, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM Ruth.Pachter@wpafb.af.mil
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PT J
AU Hussain, S
Stolle, L
Murdock, C
Schlager, J
AF Hussain, Saber
Stolle, Laura
Murdock, Craig
Schlager, John
TI ANYL 289-Biological interaction of nanomaterials
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PT J
AU Jeon, IY
Tan, LS
Baek, JB
AF Jeon, In Yup
Tan, Loon-Seng
Baek, Jong-Beom
TI POLY 473-Grafting of polyaniline onto the surface of
amine-functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes
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C1 [Jeon, In Yup; Baek, Jong-Beom] Chungbuk Natl Univ, Sch Chem Engn, Cheongju 361763, Chungbuk, South Korea.
[Tan, Loon-Seng] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, AFRL RXBP, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM inyup@chungbuk.ac.kr; loon-seng.tan@wpafb.af.mil; jbbaek@chungbuk.ac.kr
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PT J
AU Kim, MJ
Chatterjee, S
Kim, SM
Bradley, MG
Pender, MJ
Stach, E
Sneddon, LG
Maruyama, B
AF Kim, Myung Jong
Chatterjee, Shahana
Kim, Seung Min
Bradley, Mark G.
Pender, Mark J.
Stach, Eric
Sneddon, Larry G.
Maruyama, Benji
TI INOR 247-Chemical routes for the syntheses of boron nitride nanotubes
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C1 [Kim, Myung Jong; Chatterjee, Shahana; Sneddon, Larry G.] Univ Penn, Dept Chem, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Kim, Seung Min; Stach, Eric] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Bradley, Mark G.] Widener Univ, Dept Chem, Chester, PA 19013 USA.
[Pender, Mark J.] MARC, Greenville, SC 29605 USA.
[Maruyama, Benji] USAF, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM myungj@sas.upenn.edu; shahana@sas.upenn.edu; kim319@PURDUE.EDU;
bradley@pop1.science.widener.edu; mark.pender@us.michelin.com;
eastach@ecn.purdue.edu; lsneddon@sas.upenn.edu
RI Maruyama, Benji/E-3634-2010; Stach, Eric/D-8545-2011
OI Stach, Eric/0000-0002-3366-2153
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PT J
AU Mabry, JM
Moore, BM
Yandek, G
Haddad, TS
Ruth, PN
McGrath, LM
AF Mabry, Joseph M.
Moore, Brian M.
Yandek, Gregory
Haddad, Timothy S.
Ruth, Patrick N.
McGrath, Laura M.
TI Hybrid nanocomposite research at the Air Force Research
Laboratory/Edwards AFB, current development for future application
opportunities
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C1 [Moore, Brian M.; Ruth, Patrick N.] USAF, Res Lab, RZSM, AFRL,ENC Inc, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA.
[McGrath, Laura M.] Univ Connecticut, Polymer Program, Inst Mat Sci, Storrs, CT 06269 USA.
EM joseph.mabry@edwards.af.mil; brian.moore.ctr@edwards.af.mil;
gregory.yandek@edwards.af.mil; timothy.haddad.ctr@edwards.af.mil;
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UT WOS:000270256308486
ER
PT J
AU Naik, RR
AF Naik, Rajesh R.
TI ORGN 354-Processing of biopolymers using ionic liquids
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PT J
AU Naik, RR
AF Naik, Rajesh R.
TI COLL 332-Biologically programmed synthesis, assembly and properties of
bimorphic nanomaterials
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UT WOS:000270256303517
ER
PT J
AU Parajuli, RR
Simonian, A
Wild, J
Bogozi, A
He, HX
AF Parajuli, Rishi R.
Simonian, Aleksandr
Wild, James
Bogozi, Albert
He, Huixin
TI PMSE 165-Sensitive and selective neurotoxin detection platform based on
conducting polymer nanocomposites
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C1 [Parajuli, Rishi R.; He, Huixin] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Chem, Newark, NJ 07102 USA.
[Simonian, Aleksandr] Auburn Univ, Mat Res & Educ Ctr, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.
[Wild, James] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Biochem & Biophys, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
[Bogozi, Albert] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM rparajul@pegasus.rutgers.edu; huixinhe@newark.rutgers.edu
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VL 236
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GA 500EC
UT WOS:000270280001434
ER
PT J
AU Viggiano, AA
Miller, TM
Troe, J
Nikitin, EE
Bopp, JC
AF Viggiano, Albert A.
Miller, Thomas M.
Troe, Juergen
Nikitin, E. E.
Bopp, Joseph C.
TI PHYS 576-Production and destruction of SF6-: Detailed examination of
electron attachment to SF6 and recombination with Ar
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C1 [Viggiano, Albert A.; Miller, Thomas M.] USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Hanscom AFB, MA 07131 USA.
[Troe, Juergen] Univ Gottingen, Inst Phys Chem, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany.
[Nikitin, E. E.] Technion Israel Inst Technol, Schulich Fac Chem, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel.
[Bopp, Joseph C.] Yale Univ, Dept Chem, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
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PY 2008
VL 236
MA 576-PHYS
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 499WD
UT WOS:000270256307146
ER
PT J
AU Tassev, VL
Bliss, DF
AF Tassev, Vladimir L.
Bliss, David F.
TI Stranski, Krastanov, and Kaischew, and their influence on the founding
of crystal growth theory
SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH
LA English
DT Article
DE growth modes; nucleation; phase equilibrium
ID EQUILIBRIUM; MECHANISM
AB A reconsideration of the events and people associated with the birth of modern crystal growth theory is presented. The foundation of the new theory was enabled by validation of Gibbs and Volmer's thermodynamic theory with the new molecular-kinetic theory. For the first time it became possible to rigorously explain crystal growth at the atomic level. The new two-dimensional growth model opened the door to understanding the mechanisms of self-assembly, crystal defect formation, and nanostructures. Molecular-kinetic theory eventually embraced a second major tenet based on the model of spiral growth at dislocations. All of these initial discoveries occurred between 1927 and 1949, a time when the world was being torn apart by war. This article recounts some thoughts and actions of three of the most illustrious founders of crystal growth theory. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Bliss, David F.] USAF, Res Lab, Bedford, MA 01731 USA.
[Tassev, Vladimir L.] Solid State Sci Corp, Hollis, NH 03049 USA.
RP Bliss, DF (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, 80 Scott Dr, Bedford, MA 01731 USA.
EM Vladimir.tassev.ctr@hanscom.af.mil; David.bliss@hanscom.af.mil
FU US Air Force Office of Scientific Research
FX We are extremely thankful to all authors from the attached list of
references. We also acknowledge the comprehensive article of Dr.
Nikolina Sretenova (in Bulgarian) which we have widely quoted. We
understand she intends to publish a forthcoming biographical book (one
does not exist yet) about Prof. Ivan Stranski. The authors are supported
in part by funding from the US Air Force Office of Scientific Research.
NR 29
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 10
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-0248
EI 1873-5002
J9 J CRYST GROWTH
JI J. Cryst. Growth
PD AUG 15
PY 2008
VL 310
IS 18
BP 4209
EP 4216
DI 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2008.06.054
PG 8
WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics
GA 356PW
UT WOS:000259791100031
ER
PT J
AU Smithtro, CG
Solomon, SC
AF Smithtro, C. G.
Solomon, S. C.
TI An improved parameterization of thermal electron heating by
photoelectrons, with application to an X17 flare
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID SOLAR EUV FLUX; F-REGION; IONOSPHERE; MODEL; THERMOSPHERE; TEMPERATURES;
RESPONSES; DAYGLOW
AB Global ionospheric models typically rely on parameterizations to account for heating of the plasma by photoelectrons. We compare the most commonly used parameterization to a rigorous photoelectron model and find the parameterization under-predicts the thermal electron volume heating rate by 20-30% under nominal solar conditions. When applied to a large solar flare, the parameterized heating rate is more than an order of magnitude smaller than the peak rate calculated with the physical model. To remedy this, we develop a new parameterization of electron heating that eliminates these differences; the resulting heating rates are within 5-15% of the physical model for nominal and solar flare conditions. The new algorithm is incorporated into a 1-D Global Average Ionosphere/Thermosphere (GAIT) model and used to investigate the response to the X17 flare of 28 October 2003. Electron temperatures calculated with the new parameterization are up to 10% higher prior to the flare, and 15% higher at the flare peak. The revised parameterization also leads to a 2% increase in neutral exospheric temperatures in the coupled model. The flare response of the global-average thermosphere is described and found to be similar to the satellite drag results reported by Sutton et al.
C1 [Smithtro, C. G.] USAF, Inst Technol, AFIT ENP, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Solomon, S. C.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, High Altitude Observ, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
RP Smithtro, CG (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, AFIT ENP, 2950 Hobson Way,Bldg 641, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM christopher.smithtro@gmail.com
RI Solomon, Stanley/J-4847-2012
OI Solomon, Stanley/0000-0002-5291-3034
FU Air Force Institute of Technology; AFOSR; NASA [NNX07AC55G, NNX07AC61G];
National Science Foundation
FX The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not
necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Air Force,
the Department of Defense, or the U. S. Government. Christopher Smithtro
was supported by the Air Force Institute of Technology and a grant from
AFOSR. Stanley C. Solomon was supported by NASA grants NNX07AC55G and
NNX07AC61G to the National Center for Atmospheric Research, which is
supported by the National Science Foundation. The authors would like to
thank P. Chamberlin for providing the FISM data.
NR 34
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9380
EI 2169-9402
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD AUG 15
PY 2008
VL 113
IS A8
AR A08307
DI 10.1029/2008JA013077
PG 16
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 338NS
UT WOS:000258515200003
ER
PT J
AU Xiao, HM
Reitz, TL
Rottmayer, MA
AF Xiao, Haiming
Reitz, Thomas L.
Rottmayer, Michael A.
TI Polarization measurements of anode-supported solid oxide fuel cells
studied by incorporation of a reference electrode
SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
LA English
DT Article
DE fuel cell; SOFC; reference electrode; polarization; electrochemical
impedance spectroscopy
ID PLACEMENT
AB A three-electrode system configuration was applied to an anode-supported solid oxide fuel cell where the anode to cathode surface area ratio was similar to 7.9, and Ni/YSZ Was used as the anode, LSM as the cathode, Pt as the reference electrode, and thin YSZ film as the electrolyte. The cell was polarized potentiostatically at -0.2, -0.4, -0.6 and -0.8 V versus Open Circuit voltage (OCV) and the potential change versus a reference electrode were recorded to ascertain the relative electrode polarization contributions. The results Of these studies suggested that, while the anode contributions to cell polarization were less significant than that observed for the cathode, they were not negligible. Furthermore, the disparity in the relative electrode polarization contribution was observed to decrease with increasing temperature and polarization. Electrode polarization Studies suggested that cathodic overvoltage decreased remarkably with increasing temperature whereas anodic overvoltage increased slightly with increasing temperature. Electrode kinetic parameters were extracted from these polarization experiments and the implications of these parameters to cell performance were discussed, Lastly, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) data was presented to further elucidate the relative contributions of the anode and cathode impedances on button cell performance. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Xiao, Haiming] UES Corp, Aerosp Power & Prop, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
[Reitz, Thomas L.; Rottmayer, Michael A.] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Xiao, HM (reprint author), UES Corp, Aerosp Power & Prop, 4401 Dayton Xenia Rd, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
EM Haiming.Xiao@wpafb.af.mil
NR 17
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 1
U2 10
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0378-7753
J9 J POWER SOURCES
JI J. Power Sources
PD AUG 15
PY 2008
VL 183
IS 1
BP 49
EP 54
DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2008.04.088
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials
Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science
GA 354SM
UT WOS:000259659300008
ER
PT J
AU Wang, X
Pan, E
Albrecht, JD
AF Wang, X.
Pan, E.
Albrecht, J. D.
TI Role of material property gradient and anisotropy in thermoelectric
materials
SO NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID SILICON NANOWIRES; GRADED MATERIALS; GREENS-FUNCTIONS; AGPBMSBTE2+M
AB It was recently discovered that inclusions, fatigue damage and other types of material imperfections and defects in metals can be nondestructively detected by noncontacting magnetic measurements that sense the thermoelectric currents produced by directional heating and cooling. Since detection of small defects in thermoelectric materials is ultimately limited by intrinsic thermoelectric anisotropy and inhomogeneity of the material to be inspected, a thorough study is required on their impact on the nondestructive capability. Therefore, in this investigation the induced electric current densities and thermal fluxes are first derived for a steady line heat source in an inhomogeneous and anisotropic thermoelectric material. The exact closed-form solutions are obtained by converting the original problem into two inhomogeneous Helmholtz equations via eigenvalue/ eigenvector separation. The material properties are assumed to vary exponentially in the same manner in an arbitrary direction. For the corresponding homogeneous but anisotropic material case, we also present an elegant formulation based on the complex variable method. It is shown that the induced magnetic fields can be expressed in a concise and exact closed form for a line heat source in an infinite homogeneous anisotropic material and in one of the two bonded anisotropic half-planes. Our numerical results demonstrate clearly that both property anisotropy and gradient in thermoelectric materials can significantly influence the induced thermoelectric currents and magnetic fields.
C1 [Wang, X.; Pan, E.] Univ Akron, Dept Civil Engn, Akron, OH 44325 USA.
[Wang, X.; Pan, E.] Univ Akron, Dept Appl Math, Akron, OH 44325 USA.
[Albrecht, J. D.] USAF, Res Lab, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
RP Pan, E (reprint author), Univ Akron, Dept Civil Engn, Akron, OH 44325 USA.
EM pan2@uakron.edu
RI Pan, Ernian/F-4504-2011
OI Pan, Ernian/0000-0001-6640-7805
FU AFOSR [FA9550-06-1-0317]
FX This work was supported in part by AFOSR FA9550-06-1-0317. We thank the
editor and the reviewers for their constructive comments.
NR 19
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 9
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1367-2630
J9 NEW J PHYS
JI New J. Phys.
PD AUG 15
PY 2008
VL 10
AR 083019
DI 10.1088/1367-2630/10/8/083019
PG 15
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 344KV
UT WOS:000258926700002
ER
PT J
AU Tondiglia, VP
Sutherland, RL
Natarajan, LV
Lloyd, PF
Bunning, TJ
AF Tondiglia, V. P.
Sutherland, R. L.
Natarajan, L. V.
Lloyd, P. F.
Bunning, T. J.
TI Droplet deformation and alignment for high-efficiency
polarization-dependent holographic polymer-dispersed liquid-crystal
reflection gratings
SO OPTICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID FLOW
AB Droplet deformation and alignment are achieved in holographic polymer-dispersed liquid-crystal reflection gratings by applying an in situ shear during recording. High diffraction efficiency (99%) is obtained for light polarized parallel to the shear, with nearly zero efficiency for perpendicular polarization, and no increase of incoherent scattering. Permanent polarization dependence is related to stress-induced morphology changes of liquid-crystal droplets that are frozen by polymerization. The system is studied by electron microscopy and modeled by anisotropic coupled-wave and scattering theory. The morphology is consistent with the theory of small deformations of liquid droplets in fluid flow. Diffraction efficiency measurements are in agreement with theory incorporating this morphology as well as concomitant orientation and alignment of liquid-crystal molecules. (C) 2008 Optical Society of America.
C1 [Tondiglia, V. P.; Sutherland, R. L.; Natarajan, L. V.; Bunning, T. J.] USAF, Res Lab, RX, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Tondiglia, V. P.; Sutherland, R. L.; Natarajan, L. V.] SAIC, Dayton, OH 45431 USA.
[Lloyd, P. F.] Universal Energy Syst Inc, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
RP Sutherland, RL (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, RX, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM sutherlandr@saic.com
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR/NL); AFRL/RX
FX We gratefully acknowledge the Air Force Office of Scientific Research
(AFOSR/NL) for their support of this work as well as support from
AFRL/RX. We also wish to thank Patrick Mather for his help in explaining
droplet orientation in shear flow and for directing us to references on
droplet deformation.
NR 9
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 2
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0146-9592
J9 OPT LETT
JI Opt. Lett.
PD AUG 15
PY 2008
VL 33
IS 16
BP 1890
EP 1892
DI 10.1364/OL.33.001890
PG 3
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 347BH
UT WOS:000259113300039
PM 18709123
ER
PT J
AU Kaziska, D
Srivastava, A
AF Kaziska, David
Srivastava, Anuj
TI The Karcher mean of a class of symmetric distributions on the circle
SO STATISTICS & PROBABILITY LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID MANIFOLDS; SHAPE; SPACES
AB We derive unique Karcher means for symmetric probability distributions on the unit circle, under the conditions that: (i) the distributions have differentiable density functions and (ii) the distributions are concentrated at the symmetry points. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Kaziska, David] USAF, Inst Technol, ENC, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Srivastava, Anuj] Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
RP Kaziska, D (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, ENC, 2950 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM david.kaziska@afit.edu
RI Srivastava, Anuj/F-7417-2011
NR 9
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-7152
J9 STAT PROBABIL LETT
JI Stat. Probab. Lett.
PD AUG 15
PY 2008
VL 78
IS 11
BP 1314
EP 1316
DI 10.1016/j.spl.2007.12.005
PG 3
WC Statistics & Probability
SC Mathematics
GA 347TX
UT WOS:000259165100010
ER
PT J
AU Relph, RA
Bopp, JC
Johnson, MA
Viggiano, AA
AF Relph, Rachael A.
Bopp, Joseph C.
Johnson, Mark A.
Viggiano, A. A.
TI Argon cluster-mediated isolation and vibrational spectra of peroxy and
nominally D-3h isomers of CO3- and NO3-
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID MOLECULAR PHOTODETACHMENT SPECTROMETRY; NITRIC-OXIDE; ELECTRON-AFFINITY;
ION CHEMISTRY; NEGATIVE-IONS; JAHN-TELLER; D-REGION; PEROXYNITRITE;
PHOTOELECTRON; ANION
AB Vibrational predissociation spectra are reported for two isomeric forms of the gas-phase ions, CO3- and NO3-. The peroxy forms, (OOCO- and OONO-) were isolated using an Ar-mediated synthetic scheme involving exchange of CO and NO for the more weakly bound Ar ligands in O-2(-)center dot Ar-m clusters, while the forms based on a central heteroatom (CO3- and NO3-) were generated by electron impact on CO2 and HNO3 vapor. The simple two-band spectrum of OOCO- indicates that it is best described as the O-2(-)center dot CO ion-molecule complex, whereas the covalently bound CO3- form yields a much more complicated vibrational spectrum with bands extending out to 4000 cm(-1). In contrast, the NO3- ion yields a simple spectrum with only one transition as expected for the antisymmetric NO stretching fundamental of a species with D-3h structure. The spectrum of the peroxynitrite isomer, OONO-, displays intermediate complexity that can be largely understood in the context of fundamentals associated with its cis and trans structures previously characterized in an Ar matrix. (C) 2008 American Institute of Physics.
C1 [Relph, Rachael A.; Bopp, Joseph C.; Johnson, Mark A.] Yale Univ, Sterling Chem Lab, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
[Viggiano, A. A.] USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
RP Relph, RA (reprint author), Yale Univ, Sterling Chem Lab, POB 208107, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
EM mark.johnson@yale.edu
FU U. S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA-955006-1-00049]
FX We thank the U. S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research for support
of this work under Grant No. FA-955006-1-00049, and Professor John
Stanton for extensive discussions regarding the treatment of
peroxynitrite and covalent CO3- ions with advanced
electronic structure theory, including effects arising from vibrational
anharmonicity.
NR 38
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 8
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
EI 1089-7690
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD AUG 14
PY 2008
VL 129
IS 6
AR 064305
DI 10.1063/1.2958223
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 338FD
UT WOS:000258490600024
PM 18715067
ER
PT J
AU McHugh, JP
Dors, I
Jumper, GY
Roadcap, JR
Murphy, EA
Hahn, DC
AF McHugh, J. P.
Dors, I.
Jumper, G. Y.
Roadcap, J. R.
Murphy, E. A.
Hahn, D. C.
TI Large variations in balloon ascent rate over Hawaii
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID LEE WAVES; RADIOSONDE DATA; GRAVITY-WAVES
AB A sequence of nine weather balloons were launched recently over the island of Hawaii during the nights of 12, 13, and 17 December, 2002, providing measurements of ascent rate, horizontal wind speed and direction, temperature, and other quantities. The measurements show short intervals of altitude with a large increase in ascent rate, occurring only near the tropopause, indicating regions of strong upward air velocity at this location. The large ascent rates correlate well to the strength of a jet stream, and with the presence of a local critical level, indicating mountain waves as the primary cause. No corresponding decreases in ascent rate were measured, suggesting strong three-dimensional effects.
C1 [McHugh, J. P.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Mech Engn, Ctr Space Sci, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
[Jumper, G. Y.; Roadcap, J. R.; Murphy, E. A.; Hahn, D. C.] USAF, Res Lab, Battlespace Environm Div, Bedford, MA 01731 USA.
RP McHugh, JP (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Dept Mech Engn, Ctr Space Sci, Kingsbury Hall,33 Coll Rd, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
OI Hahn, Douglas/0000-0003-0755-7904
NR 11
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 2
U2 3
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD AUG 14
PY 2008
VL 113
IS D15
AR D15123
DI 10.1029/2007JD009458
PG 10
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 338LZ
UT WOS:000258510700001
ER
PT J
AU Elim, HI
Jeon, SH
Verma, S
Ji, W
Tan, LS
Urbas, A
Chiang, LY
AF Elim, Hendry I.
Jeon, Sea-Ho
Verma, Sarika
Ji, Wei
Tan, Loon-Seng
Urbas, Augustine
Chiang, Long Y.
TI Nonlinear optical transmission properties of C-60 dyads consisting of a
light-harvesting diphenylaminofluorene antenna
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B
LA English
DT Letter
ID PHOTOINDUCED ELECTRON-TRANSFER; POLYMER SOLAR-CELLS; LIMITING
PROPERTIES; C-60-DIPHENYLAMINOFLUORENE DYAD; FULLERENE DERIVATIVES;
2-PHOTON ABSORPTION; ENERGY-TRANSFER; STARBURST; ADDUCTS
AB Highly enhanced nonlinear absorption cross section values Of C-60(>DPAF-C-2M[), C-60(>DPAF-C-9), and C-60(>DPAF-C-10) dyads were detected up to 5400, 9700, and 14000 GM, respectively, in the 2.0 ps region in toluene at the concentration of 1.5 x 10(-3) M. They were correlated to a trend showing higher efficiency in light transmittance attenuation down to 39-46% for the dyads C-60(>DPAF-C-10) and C-60(>DPAF-C-9) with the increase of irradiance intensity up only to 140 GW/cm(2). The phenomena were attributed to additional enhancement on the excited-state absorption of (1)C60*(>DPAF-C-n) in the subpicosecond to picosecond region over the two-photon absorption of C-60(>DPAF-C-n) in the femtosecond region. Its accumulative 2.0 ps absorption cross sections were estimated to be 8900 GM for (1)C60*(>DPAF-C-9), roughly one order of magnitude higher than its intrinsic femtosecond 2PA cross sections.
C1 [Elim, Hendry I.; Ji, Wei] Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Phys, Singapore 117542, Singapore.
[Jeon, Sea-Ho; Verma, Sarika; Chiang, Long Y.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Chem, Lowell, MA 01854 USA.
[Tan, Loon-Seng; Urbas, Augustine] USAF, Res Lab, AFRL RX, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Ji, W (reprint author), Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Phys, Singapore 117542, Singapore.
EM Long_Chiang@uml.edu
RI Elim, Hendry/C-5328-2008; JI, WEI/H-5795-2015; Tan,
Loon-Seng/F-6985-2012
OI Elim, Hendry/0000-0002-4272-7115; JI, WEI/0000-0003-0303-0830; Tan,
Loon-Seng/0000-0002-2134-9290
NR 37
TC 22
Z9 23
U1 2
U2 7
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1520-6106
J9 J PHYS CHEM B
JI J. Phys. Chem. B
PD AUG 14
PY 2008
VL 112
IS 32
BP 9561
EP 9564
DI 10.1021/jp8050356
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 335KR
UT WOS:000258290000002
PM 18646808
ER
PT J
AU Lim, DH
Lyons, CB
Tan, LS
Baek, JB
AF Lim, Dae-Hyun
Lyons, Christopher B.
Tan, Loon-Seng
Baek, Jong-Beom
TI Regioselective chemical modification of fullerene by destructive
electrophilic reaction in polyphosphoric acid/phosphorus pentoxide
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
LA English
DT Article
ID C-60; CHEMISTRY; FUNCTIONALIZATION; ACID
AB An adduct of electrophilic reaction between C(60) and 4-(2,4,6-trimethylphenoxy)benzamide was afforded in a polyphosphoric acid (PPA)/phosphorus pentoxide (P(2)O(5)) medium at 130 degrees C. The matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrum of the adduct showed that multiple destructive acylation reactions of 4-(2,4,6-trimethylphenoxy)benzamide on C60 had occurred to give hexakis(4-(2,4,6-trimethylphenoxy)benzoyl)-substituted C(54). On the basis of the combined results of optical studies, it could be presumably concluded that the regioselective destruction and addition pathway on the C60 framework might have predominantly occurred to six-membered rings.
C1 [Tan, Loon-Seng] USAF, Res Lab, Nanostruct & Biol Mat Branch, Mat & Mfg Directorate,RXBP, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Lyons, Christopher B.] SOCHE, Dayton, OH USA.
[Lim, Dae-Hyun; Baek, Jong-Beom] Chungbuk Natl Univ, Sch Chem Engn, Cheongju 361763, Chungbuk, South Korea.
RP Tan, LS (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Nanostruct & Biol Mat Branch, Mat & Mfg Directorate,RXBP, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM Loon-Seng.Tan@wpafb.af.mil; jbbaek@chungbuk.ac.kr
RI Baek, Jong-Beom/E-5883-2010; Tan, Loon-Seng/F-6985-2012
OI Baek, Jong-Beom/0000-0003-4785-2326; Tan, Loon-Seng/0000-0002-2134-9290
NR 18
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 9
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1932-7447
J9 J PHYS CHEM C
JI J. Phys. Chem. C
PD AUG 14
PY 2008
VL 112
IS 32
BP 12188
EP 12194
DI 10.1021/jp801772r
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 335KS
UT WOS:000258290100024
ER
PT J
AU Jacobson, IG
Ryan, MAK
Hooper, TI
Smith, TC
Amoroso, PJ
Boyko, EJ
Gackstetter, GD
Wells, TS
Bell, NS
AF Jacobson, Isabel G.
Ryan, Margaret A. K.
Hooper, Tomoko I.
Smith, Tyler C.
Amoroso, Paul J.
Boyko, Edward J.
Gackstetter, Gary D.
Wells, Timothy S.
Bell, Nicole S.
TI Alcohol use and alcohol-related problems before and after military
combat deployment
SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; MENTAL-HEALTH PROBLEMS; READJUSTMENT
RATING-SCALE; GENERAL-POPULATION SURVEY; SEXUAL ASSAULT SURVIVORS;
GULF-WAR VETERANS; MILLENNIUM COHORT; DRINKING PATTERNS; UNITED-STATES;
CAGE QUESTIONNAIRE
AB Context High rates of alcohol misuse after deployment have been reported among personnel returning from past conflicts, yet investigations of alcohol misuse after return from the current wars in Iraq and Afghanistan are lacking.
Objectives To determine whether deployment with combat exposures was associated with new-onset or continued alcohol consumption, binge drinking, and alcoholrelated problems.
Design, Setting, and Participants Data were from Millennium Cohort Study participants who completed both a baseline (July 2001 to June 2003; n = 77 047) and followup (June 2004 to February 2006; n = 55 021) questionnaire (follow-up response rate = 71.4%). After we applied exclusion criteria, our analyses included 48 481 participants (active duty, n = 26 613; Reserve or National Guard, n = 21 868). Of these, 5510 deployed with combat exposures, 5661 deployed without combat exposures, and 37 310 did not deploy.
Main Outcome Measures New- onset and continued heavy weekly drinking, binge drinking, and alcohol-related problems at follow-up.
Results Baseline prevalence of heavy weekly drinking, binge drinking, and alcoholrelated problems among Reserve or National Guard personnel who deployed with combat exposures was 9.0%, 53.6%, and 15.2%, respectively; follow-up prevalence was 12.5%, 53.0%, and 11.9%, respectively; and new-onset rates were 8.8%, 25.6%, and 7.1%, respectively. Among active-duty personnel, new-onset rates were 6.0%, 26.6%, and 4.8%, respectively. Reserve and National Guard personnel who deployed and reported combat exposures were significantly more likely to experience new-onset heavy weekly drinking (odds ratio [OR], 1.63; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.36-1.96), binge drinking (OR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.24-1.71), and alcohol-related problems (OR, 1.63; 95% CI, 1.33-2.01) compared with nondeployed personnel. The youngest members of the cohort were at highest risk for all alcohol-related outcomes.
Conclusion Reserve and National Guard personnel and younger service members who deploy with reported combat exposures are at increased risk of new-onset heavy weekly drinking, binge drinking, and alcohol-related problems.
C1 [Jacobson, Isabel G.; Ryan, Margaret A. K.; Smith, Tyler C.] US Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92106 USA.
[Hooper, Tomoko I.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
[Amoroso, Paul J.] Madigan Army Med Ctr, Ft Lewis, WA USA.
[Boyko, Edward J.] Dept Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Epidemiol Res & Informat Ctr, Seattle, WA USA.
[Wells, Timothy S.] Wright Patterson Air Force Base, Air Force Res Lab, Dayton, OH USA.
[Gackstetter, Gary D.] Analyt Serv Inc, Arlington, VA USA.
[Bell, Nicole S.] Social Sectors Dev Strategies Inc, Tacoma, WA USA.
RP Jacobson, IG (reprint author), US Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, Naval Hlth Res Ctr, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA.
EM Isabel.Jacobson@med.navy.mil
FU NIAAA NIH HHS [R01 AA013324, R01 AA013324-01, R01-AA13324]
NR 79
TC 255
Z9 257
U1 5
U2 24
PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC
PI CHICAGO
PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA
SN 0098-7484
J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC
JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc.
PD AUG 13
PY 2008
VL 300
IS 6
BP 663
EP 675
DI 10.1001/jama.300.6.663
PG 13
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 336OM
UT WOS:000258374500019
PM 18698065
ER
PT J
AU Plemmons, DH
Mehta, M
Clark, BC
Kounaves, SP
Peach, LL
Renno, NO
Tamppari, L
Young, SMM
AF Plemmons, D. H.
Mehta, M.
Clark, B. C.
Kounaves, S. P.
Peach, L. L., Jr.
Renno, N. O.
Tamppari, L.
Young, S. M. M.
TI Effects of the Phoenix Lander descent thruster plume on the Martian
surface
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS
LA English
DT Article
ID LIQUEFACTION; IMPINGEMENT; JETS
AB The exhaust plume of Phoenix's hydrazine monopropellant pulsed descent thrusters will impact the surface of Mars during its descent and landing phase in the northern polar region. Experimental and computational studies have been performed to characterize the chemical compounds in the thruster exhausts. No undecomposed hydrazine is observed above the instrument detection limit of 0.2%. Forty-five percent ammonia is measured in the exhaust at steady state. Water vapor is observed at a level of 0.25%, consistent with fuel purity analysis results. Moreover, the dynamic interactions of the thruster plumes with the ground have been studied. Large pressure overshoots are produced at the ground during the ramp-up and ramp-down phases of the duty cycle of Phoenix's pulsed engines. These pressure overshoots are superimposed on the 10 Hz quasi-steady ground pressure perturbations with amplitude of about 5 kPa (at touchdown altitude) and have a maximum amplitude of about 20 -40 kPa. A theoretical explanation for the physics that causes these pressure perturbations is briefly described in this article. The potential for soil erosion and uplifting at the landing site is also discussed. The objectives of the research described in this article are to provide empirical and theoretical data for the Phoenix Science Team to mitigate any potential problem. The data will also be used to ensure proper interpretation of the results from on-board scientific instrumentation when Martian soil samples are analyzed.
C1 [Plemmons, D. H.] Aerosp Testing Alliance, Arnold AFB, TN 37389 USA.
[Mehta, M.; Renno, N. O.] Univ Michigan, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Space Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Clark, B. C.] Lockheed Martin Corp, Littleton, CO 80127 USA.
[Kounaves, S. P.; Young, S. M. M.] Tufts Univ, Dept Chem, Medford, MA 02155 USA.
[Peach, L. L., Jr.] Univ Space Res Assoc, Columbia, MD USA.
[Tamppari, L.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Plemmons, DH (reprint author), Aerosp Testing Alliance, 1099 Schriever Ave, Arnold AFB, TN 37389 USA.
EM david.plemmons@arnold.af.mil
OI Kounaves, Samuel/0000-0002-2629-4831
FU NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory; Phoenix Mars Mission
FX This work was supported by NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory and the
Phoenix Mars Mission. In particular, we would like to thank Peter Smith
(Phoenix Mission PI) of University of Arizona; Robert Shotwell (Project
Systems Engineer), Rob Grover (EDL Systems Lead) and Mike Hecht (MECA
Lead) of NASA JPL; Bill Boynton (TEGA Lead) of University of Arizona;
Greg McAllister, Tim Fisher, Pete Huseman, Doug Gulick, and Tim Priser
of Lockheed Martin Space Systems; Matt Dawson of Aerojet, Inc.; Chuck
Davis of KSC; John Marshall of SETI; Ron Greeley of Arizona State
University; Ray Arvidson of Washington University; and Jasper Kok and
Robb Gillespie of the University of Michigan for all their support and
guidance.
NR 30
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0148-0227
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-PLANET
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Planets
PD AUG 13
PY 2008
VL 113
AR E003059
DI 10.1029/2007JE003059
PG 12
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 338NG
UT WOS:000258514000001
ER
PT J
AU Levin, GA
Barnes, PN
Murphy, J
Brunke, L
Long, JD
Horwath, J
Turgut, Z
AF Levin, George A.
Barnes, Paul N.
Murphy, John
Brunke, Lyle
Long, J. David
Horwath, John
Turgut, Zafer
TI Persistent current in coils made out of second generation high
temperature superconductor wire.
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID COATED CONDUCTORS; SCALE-UP; DYNAMICS; PROGRESS; CREEP
AB We report the results of an experimental study of a persistent coil made out of YBa(2)Cu(3)O(7-delta) coated conductors. The magnitude of the persistent current and the rate of decay were investigated. Two distinct modes of relaxation are evident-one is flux creep and the other, which is much faster, is of less obvious origin. Our conclusion is that the persistent current in such a coil can be large enough and decay slowly enough so that coated conductors can be used to make persistent coils for variety of applications. (C) 2008 American Institute of Physics. (C) 2008 American Institute of Physics.
C1 [Levin, George A.; Barnes, Paul N.; Murphy, John; Brunke, Lyle; Long, J. David; Horwath, John; Turgut, Zafer] USAF, Prop Directorate, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Levin, GA (reprint author), USAF, Prop Directorate, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM george.levin@wpafb.af.mil
NR 14
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD AUG 11
PY 2008
VL 93
IS 6
AR 062504
DI 10.1063/1.2969798
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 338FH
UT WOS:000258491000045
ER
PT J
AU Wu, JZ
Emergo, RLS
Wang, X
Xu, G
Haugan, TJ
Barnes, PN
AF Wu, J. Z.
Emergo, R. L. S.
Wang, X.
Xu, G.
Haugan, T. J.
Barnes, P. N.
TI Strong nanopore pinning enhances J(c) in YBa(2)Cu(3)O(7-delta) films
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID CRITICAL-CURRENT DENSITY; THIN-FILMS; COATED CONDUCTORS; CRITICAL
CURRENTS; SUPERCONDUCTOR
AB Transport critical current density (J(c)) has been studied in YBa(2)Cu(3)O(7-delta) (YBCO) thin films doped with nanopores as pins on magnetic vortices. The density of the nanopores in the range of 5 +/- 3 pores/mu m(2) corresponds to an accommodation field H(m)similar to 4.1-16.6 mT. High J(c) up to 8.3 MA/cm(2) has been observed on these porous YBCO films at 77 K and self-field. A close correlation between J(c) and the magnetic pinning potential of the nanopores has been demonstrated below H(m), suggesting that nanopores are strong pins on the magnetic vortices. (C) 2008 American Institute of Physics.
C1 [Wu, J. Z.; Emergo, R. L. S.; Wang, X.; Xu, G.] Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
[Haugan, T. J.; Barnes, P. N.] USAF, Res Lab, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
RP Wu, JZ (reprint author), Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
EM jwu@ku.edu
RI Xu, Guowei/H-2749-2013
FU NSF; AFOSR; DOE
FX The authors acknowledge support from NSF and AFOSR for this work. J.Z.W.
was supported by DOE.
NR 24
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD AUG 11
PY 2008
VL 93
IS 6
AR 062506
DI 10.1063/1.2970965
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 338FH
UT WOS:000258491000047
ER
PT J
AU Sennet, L
Fossum, E
Tan, LS
AF Sennet, Laura
Fossum, Eric
Tan, Loon-Seng
TI Branched poly(arylene ether ketone)s with tailored thermal properties:
Effects of AB/AB(2) ratio, core (B-3) percentage, and reaction
temperature
SO POLYMER
LA English
DT Article
DE copolymerization; poly(ether ketone); thermal properties
ID NUCLEOPHILIC AROMATIC-SUBSTITUTION; PHOSPHINE OXIDE)S; HYPERBRANCHED
POLYESTERS; COPOLYMERIZATION; MONOMER; POLYMERIZATION; AB(2);
POLYCONDENSATION; ACID; AB
AB A series of poly(ether ketone) copolymers were prepared by nucleophilic aromatic polymerization reactions of the AB monomer 4-fluoro-4'-hydroxybenzophenone, 1, and the AB(2) monomer bis(4-fluorophenyl)-(4-hydroxyphenyl)phosphine oxide, 2, in the presence of 3 or 5 mol% of a highly reactive core molecule, tris(3,4,5-trifluorophenyl)phosphine oxide (B-3), 4. All of the copolymers prepared in the presence of a core molecule were sufficiently soluble in N-methylpyrrolidinone, NMP to allow the determination of their molecular weights and polydispersity indices, PDIs. Number-average molecular weights, M(n)s, of 3200-6800 Da were determined and the PDI values ranged from 1.41 to 4.07. The M-n Was controlled by the mol% of 4 present in the reaction mixture with higher molar percentages leading to lower M. values. Lower reaction temperatures and lower ratios of AB/AB(2) monomers afforded copolymers with lower PDI values. As expected, the crystallinity of the samples decreased with an increasing AB2 content or an increase in PDI The copolymers also exhibited excellent thermo-oxidative stability with a number of samples suffering 5% weight losses at temperatures, in air, well in excess of 450 degrees C. (c) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Sennet, Laura; Fossum, Eric] Wright State Univ, Dept Chem, Dayton, OH 45435 USA.
[Tan, Loon-Seng] USAF, Res Lab, AFRL, RXBN,Nanostruct & Biol Mat Branch,Mat & Mfg Direc, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
RP Fossum, E (reprint author), Wright State Univ, Dept Chem, 3640 Colonel Glenn Hwy, Dayton, OH 45435 USA.
EM eric.fossum@wright.edu; loon-seng.tan@wpafb.af.mil
RI Tan, Loon-Seng/F-6985-2012
OI Tan, Loon-Seng/0000-0002-2134-9290
FU Material and Manufacturing Directorate Air Force Research
FX The authors thank the Dayton Area Graduate Studies Institute (DAGSI) for
funding support, Material and Manufacturing Directorate Air Force
Research laboratory for in-kind support of this project, and Marlene
Houtz (UDRI) for TGA and DSC data.
NR 26
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 8
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0032-3861
J9 POLYMER
JI Polymer
PD AUG 11
PY 2008
VL 49
IS 17
BP 3731
EP 3736
DI 10.1016/j.polymer.2008.06.046
PG 6
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 339ZQ
UT WOS:000258616200017
ER
PT J
AU Diamanti, S
Arifuzzaman, S
Elsen, A
Genzer, J
Vaia, RA
AF Diamanti, Steve
Arifuzzaman, Shafi
Elsen, Andrea
Genzer, Jan
Vaia, Richard A.
TI Reactive patterning via post-functionalization of polymer brushes
utilizing disuccinimidyl carbonate activation to couple primary amines
SO POLYMER
LA English
DT Article
DE post-functionalization; polymer brush; patterning
ID TRANSFER RADICAL POLYMERIZATION; SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS; SOLID-PHASE
SYNTHESIS; BLOCK-COPOLYMER FILMS; POLY(ETHYLENE GLYCOL);
POLYETHYLENE-GLYCOL; N,N'-DISUCCINIMIDYL CARBONATE; MATERIALS SCIENCE;
SOFT LITHOGRAPHY; CELL-ADHESION
AB Polymer brushes provide an exceptional route to surface functionalization due to their chemical and mechanical robustness, lack of large-area defects, and high density of functional groups. In spite of these benefits, the synthetic difficulty and complex surface structure associated with polymer brushes have hindered their utilization for constructing multifunctional, patterned surfaces. In this contribution we describe the use of a rapid and highly efficient polymer brush post-functionalization technique as a facile method for controlling surface functionality of polymer brushes, Poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) brushes are post-functionalized via activation with N,N '-disuccinimidyl carbonate (DSC) and subsequent coupling to molecules containing alpha-amine moieties. This post-functionalization effectively tailors surface energy resulting in water contact angles ranging from 40 degrees to 100 degrees using different conjugate molecules. Furthermore, the solvent tolerance, insensitivity to reactant concentration, and rapid reaction time of the aminolysis reaction enable surface energy patterning of the polymer brushes through the use of "reactive" soft lithography. Finally, these surface energy patterns could be "developed" by exposure to gold nanoparticle solutions to yield surfaces with patterned nanoparticle density.
C1 [Diamanti, Steve; Elsen, Andrea; Vaia, Richard A.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Arifuzzaman, Shafi; Genzer, Jan] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
RP Vaia, RA (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, 2941 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM richard.vaia@wpafb.af.mil
NR 77
TC 41
Z9 41
U1 4
U2 46
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0032-3861
J9 POLYMER
JI Polymer
PD AUG 11
PY 2008
VL 49
IS 17
BP 3770
EP 3779
DI 10.1016/j.polymer.2008.06.020
PG 10
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 339ZQ
UT WOS:000258616200022
ER
PT J
AU Chen, CG
Justice, RS
Schaefer, DW
Baur, JW
AF Chen, Chenggang
Justice, Ryan S.
Schaefer, Dale W.
Baur, Jeffery W.
TI Highly dispersed nanosilica-epoxy resins with enhanced mechanical
properties
SO POLYMER
LA English
DT Article
DE nanocomposites; small-angle scattering; mechanical properties
ID WIDE TEMPERATURE-RANGE; SMALL-ANGLE SCATTERING; POWER-LAW APPROACH;
FRACTURE-TOUGHNESS; TOUGHENING MECHANISMS; CURE KINETICS; PARTICLE-SIZE;
NANOCOMPOSITES; COMPOSITES; SILICA
AB Epoxy-nanocomposite resins filled with 12-nm spherical silica particles were investigated for their thermal and mechanical properties as a function of silica loading. The nanoparticles were easily dispersed with minimal aggregation for loadings up to 25 wt% as determined using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and ultra-small-angle X-ray scattering (USAXS). A proportional decrease in cure temperatures and glass transition temperature (for loadings of 10 wt% and above) was observed with increased silica loading. The morphology determined by USAXS is consistent with a zone around the silica particles from which neighboring particles are excluded. The "exclusion zone" extends to 10x the particle diameter. For samples with loadings less than 10 wt%, increases of 25% in tensile modulus and 30% in fracture toughness were obtained. More highly loaded samples continued to increase in modulus, but decreased in strength and fracture toughness. Overall, the addition of nanosilica is shown as a promising method for property enhancement of aerospace epoxy composite resins. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Justice, Ryan S.; Baur, Jeffery W.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Chen, Chenggang] Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
[Justice, Ryan S.; Schaefer, Dale W.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Chem & Mat Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA.
RP Baur, JW (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, 2941 Hobson Way,Bldg 654-136, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM jeffery.baur@wpafb.af.mil
RI USAXS, APS/D-4198-2013
NR 37
TC 117
Z9 122
U1 7
U2 47
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0032-3861
J9 POLYMER
JI Polymer
PD AUG 11
PY 2008
VL 49
IS 17
BP 3805
EP 3815
DI 10.1016/j.polymer.2008.06.023
PG 11
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 339ZQ
UT WOS:000258616200026
ER
PT J
AU Bruntt, H
Evans, NR
Stello, D
Penny, AJ
Eaton, JA
Buzasi, DL
Sasselov, DD
Preston, HL
Miller-Ricci, E
AF Bruntt, H.
Evans, N. R.
Stello, D.
Penny, A. J.
Eaton, J. A.
Buzasi, D. L.
Sasselov, D. D.
Preston, H. L.
Miller-Ricci, E.
TI Polaris the Cepheid returns: 4.5 years of monitoring from ground and
space
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Cepheids; stars : individual (HD 8890, Polaris)
ID EJECTION IMAGER SMEI; OPEN CLUSTER M67; RADIAL-VELOCITY; MULTISITE
CAMPAIGN; WIRE SATELLITE; PERIOD; AMPLITUDE; GIANTS; OSCILLATIONS;
PARALLAXES
AB We present the analysis of 4.5 years of nearly continuous observations of the classical Cepheid Polaris, which comprise the most precise data available for this star. We have made spectroscopic measurements from ground and photometric measurements from the WIRE star tracker and the SMEI instrument on the Coriolis satellite. Measurements of the amplitude of the dominant oscillation ( P = 4 days), which go back more than a century, show a decrease from A(V) = 120 to 30 mmag around the turn of the millennium. It has been speculated that the reason for the decrease in amplitude is the evolution of Polaris toward the edge of the instability strip. However, our new data reveal an increase in the amplitude by similar to 30% from 2003 to 2006. It now appears that the amplitude change is cyclic rather than monotonic and most likely the result of a pulsation phenomenon. In addition, previous radial velocity campaigns have claimed the detection of long-period variation in Polaris (P > 40 days). Our radial velocity data are more precise than previous data sets, and we find no evidence for additional variation for periods in the range 3-50 days with an upper limit of 100 m s(-1). However, in the WIRE data we find evidence of variation on timescales of 2-6 days, which we interpret as being due to granulation.
C1 [Bruntt, H.; Stello, D.] Univ Sydney, Sch Phys, Inst Astron, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
[Evans, N. R.] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Penny, A. J.] Univ St Andrews, Sch Phys & Astron, St Andrews KY16 9SS, Fife, Scotland.
[Eaton, J. A.] Tennessee State Univ, Ctr Excellence Informat Syst, Nashville, TN 37203 USA.
[Buzasi, D. L.; Preston, H. L.] USAF Acad, Dept Phys, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
[Sasselov, D. D.; Miller-Ricci, E.] Harvard Univ, Dept Astron, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Bruntt, H (reprint author), Univ Sydney, Sch Phys, Inst Astron, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
NR 28
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 5
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
EI 1538-4357
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD AUG 10
PY 2008
VL 683
IS 1
BP 433
EP 440
DI 10.1086/589565
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 335NA
UT WOS:000258296100037
ER
PT J
AU Owens, MJ
Spence, HE
McGregor, S
Hughes, WJ
Quinn, JM
Arge, CN
Riley, P
Linker, J
Odstrcil, D
AF Owens, M. J.
Spence, H. E.
McGregor, S.
Hughes, W. J.
Quinn, J. M.
Arge, C. N.
Riley, P.
Linker, J.
Odstrcil, D.
TI Metrics for solar wind prediction models: Comparison of empirical,
hybrid, and physics-based schemes with 8 years of L1 observations
SO SPACE WEATHER-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
ID MAGNETIC-FIELDS; CORONAL HOLES; SUN; INTERPLANETARY
AB Space weather effects on technological systems originate with energy carried from the Sun to the terrestrial environment by the solar wind. In this study, we present results of modeling of solar corona-heliosphere processes to predict solar wind conditions at the L1 Lagrangian point upstream of Earth. In particular we calculate performance metrics for (1) empirical, (2) hybrid empirical/physics-based, and (3) full physics-based coupled corona-heliosphere models over an 8-year period (1995-2002). L1 measurements of the radial solar wind speed are the primary basis for validation of the coronal and heliosphere models studied, though other solar wind parameters are also considered. The models are from the Center for Integrated Space-Weather Modeling (CISM) which has developed a coupled model of the whole Sun-to-Earth system, from the solar photosphere to the terrestrial thermosphere. Simple point-by-point analysis techniques, such as mean-square-error and correlation coefficients, indicate that the empirical coronal-heliosphere model currently gives the best forecast of solar wind speed at 1 AU. A more detailed analysis shows that errors in the physics-based models are predominately the result of small timing offsets to solar wind structures and that the large-scale features of the solar wind are actually well modeled. We suggest that additional "tuning'' of the coupling between the coronal and heliosphere models could lead to a significant improvement of their accuracy. Furthermore, we note that the physicsbased models accurately capture dynamic effects at solar wind stream interaction regions, such as magnetic field compression, flow deflection, and density buildup, which the empirical scheme cannot.
C1 [Owens, M. J.; Spence, H. E.; McGregor, S.; Hughes, W. J.; Quinn, J. M.] Boston Univ, Ctr Space Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
[Arge, C. N.] USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA.
[McGregor, S.; Linker, J.] Sci Applicat Int Corp, San Diego, CA 92121 USA.
[Odstrcil, D.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Owens, MJ (reprint author), Boston Univ, Ctr Space Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
EM mjowens@bu.edu
RI Owens, Mathew/B-3006-2010; Spence, Harlan/A-1942-2011;
OI Owens, Mathew/0000-0003-2061-2453; Spence, Harlan/0000-0002-2526-2205
NR 27
TC 44
Z9 46
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 1542-7390
J9 SPACE WEATHER
JI Space Weather
PD AUG 7
PY 2008
VL 6
IS 8
AR S08001
DI 10.1029/2007SW000380
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
GA 336CZ
UT WOS:000258343200001
ER
PT J
AU LeMaster, DA
AF LeMaster, Daniel A.
TI Fundamental estimation bounds for polarimetric imagery
SO OPTICS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
ID AUTOMATED REGISTRATION; TRANSFORM TECHNIQUES; POLARIZATION
AB Precise channel-to-channel registration is a prerequisite for effective exploitation of passive polarimetric imagery. In this paper, the Cramer-Rao bound is employed to determine the limits of registration precision in the presence of scene polarization diversity, channel noise, and random translational registration errors between channels. The effects of misregistration on Stokes image estimation are also explored in depth. Algorithm bias is discussed in the context of the bound, without being estimator specific. Finally, case studies are presented for polarization insensitive imagery (a special case) and linear polarization imaging systems with three and four channels. An optimum polarization channel arrangement is proposed in the context of the bound.
C1 USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP LeMaster, DA (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 2950 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM daniel.lemaster@afit.edu
NR 19
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 3
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1094-4087
J9 OPT EXPRESS
JI Opt. Express
PD AUG 4
PY 2008
VL 16
IS 16
BP 12018
EP 12036
DI 10.1364/OE.16.012018
PG 19
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 336MS
UT WOS:000258368600039
PM 18679475
ER
PT J
AU Howard, TA
Simnett, GM
AF Howard, T. A.
Simnett, G. M.
TI Interplanetary coronal mass ejections that are undetected by solar
coronagraphs
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID 3-DIMENSIONAL MODEL; COROTATING STREAMS; WHITE-LIGHT; IMAGER SMEI; 5 AU;
EARTH; WIND; SCINTILLATION; TRANSIENT; SHOCKS
AB From February 2003 to September 2005 the Solar Mass Ejection Imager on the Coriolis spacecraft detected 207 interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICME) in the inner heliosphere. We have examined the data from the Large Angle Spectroscopic Coronagraph (LASCO) on the SOHO spacecraft for evidence of coronal transient activity that might have been the solar progenitor of the Solar Mass Ejection Imager (SMEI) events, taking into account the projected speed of the SMEI event and its position angle in the plane of the sky. We found a significant number of SMEI events where there is either only a weak or unlikely coronal mass ejection (CME) detected by LASCO or no event at all. A discussion of the effects of projection across large distances on the ICME measurements is made, along with a new technique called the Cube-Fit procedure that was designed to model the ICME trajectory more accurately than simple linear fits to elongation-time plots. Of the 207 SMEI events, 189 occurred during periods of full LASCO data coverage. Of these, 32 or 17% were found to have a weak or unlikely LASCO counterpart, and 14 or 7% had no apparent LASCO transient association. Using solar X-ray, EUV and Ha data we investigated three main physical possibilities for ICME occurrence with no LASCO counterpart: (1) Corotating interaction regions (CIRs), (2) erupting magnetic structures (EMS), and (3) flare blast waves. We find that only one event may possibly be a CIR and that flare blast waves can be ruled out. The most likely phenomenon is investigated and discussed, that of EMS. Here, the transient erupts in the same manner as a typical CME, except that they do not have sufficient mass to be detected by LASCO. As the structure moves outward, it accumulates and concentrates solar wind material until it is bright enough to be detected by SMEI.
C1 [Howard, T. A.] Natl Solar Observ, Space Vehicles Directorate, USAF, Res Lab, Sunspot, NM 88349 USA.
[Simnett, G. M.] Univ Birmingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England.
RP Howard, TA (reprint author), Natl Solar Observ, Space Vehicles Directorate, USAF, Res Lab, POB 62, Sunspot, NM 88349 USA.
EM thoward@nso.edu
NR 40
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0148-0227
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD AUG 2
PY 2008
VL 113
IS A8
AR A08102
DI 10.1029/2007JA012920
PG 18
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 333MO
UT WOS:000258156800003
ER
PT J
AU Cording, M
Christmann, P
King, DR
AF Cording, Margaret
Christmann, Petra
King, David R.
TI Reducing causal ambiguity in acquisition integration: Intermediate goals
as mediators of integration decisions and acquisition performance
SO ACADEMY OF MANAGEMENT JOURNAL
LA English
DT Review
ID RESOURCE-BASED VIEW; SUSTAINABLE COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE; STRUCTURAL
EQUATION MODELS; ORGANIZATIONAL CAPABILITIES; HORIZONTAL ACQUISITIONS;
STRATEGIC DECISIONS; FIRM PERFORMANCE; MERGERS; MANAGEMENT; KNOWLEDGE
AB Integration is a difficult process, but one that is vital to acquisition performance. One reason acquirers encounter difficulties is that the integration process exhibits high levels of intrafirm linkage ambiguity-a lack of clarity in the causal link between integration decisions and their performance outcomes. We introduce the construct of intermediate goals as a mechanism that reduces intrafirm linkage ambiguity. Our structural model results, based on a sample of 129 horizontal acquisitions, indicate that the achievement of two intermediate goals (internal reorganization and market expansion) fully mediates the relationships between four integration decisions and acquisition performance.
C1 [Cording, Margaret] Rice Univ, Jones Grad Sch Management, Houston, TX 77251 USA.
[Christmann, Petra] Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA.
[King, David R.] USAF, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Cording, M (reprint author), Rice Univ, Jones Grad Sch Management, Houston, TX 77251 USA.
EM cording@rice.edu; christmannp@business.rutgers.edu;
david.king.2@us.af.mil
RI King, David/B-2204-2012
OI King, David/0000-0001-8463-8439
NR 129
TC 85
Z9 85
U1 6
U2 63
PU ACAD MANAGEMENT
PI BRIARCLIFF MANOR
PA PACE UNIV, PO BOX 3020, 235 ELM RD, BRIARCLIFF MANOR, NY 10510-8020 USA
SN 0001-4273
J9 ACAD MANAGE J
JI Acad. Manage. J.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 51
IS 4
BP 744
EP 767
PG 24
WC Business; Management
SC Business & Economics
GA 344UM
UT WOS:000258952800007
ER
PT J
AU Norfleet, DM
Dimiduk, DM
Polasik, SJ
Uchic, MD
Mills, MJ
AF Norfleet, D. M.
Dimiduk, D. M.
Polasik, S. J.
Uchic, M. D.
Mills, M. J.
TI Dislocation structures and their relationship to strength in deformed
nickel microcrystals
SO ACTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE nickel; dislocation density; plastic deformation; size effects; TEM
ID CRYSTAL PLASTICITY; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; SIZE
DEPENDENCE; FLOW-STRESS; DEFORMATION; SCALE; COMPRESSION; THICKNESS;
FOREST
AB The present work uses focused ion beam methods to prepare samples for transmission electron microscopy in order to quantitatively characterize changes in the dislocation substructures obtained from undeformed and deformed pure Ni microcrystals having sample diameters that range from I to 20 mu m. Following deformation, the dislocation density measured in the microcrystals is on average in excess of their expected initial density, with an apparent trend that the average density increases with decreasing microcrystal size. These dislocation density data are used to assess the contributions of forest hardening to the flow strength of the microcrystals. The combined effects of lattice friction, source-truncation hardening and forest hardening are found to be insufficient to fully account for the large flow strengths in smaller microcrystals. (C) 2008 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Norfleet, D. M.; Polasik, S. J.; Mills, M. J.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Dimiduk, D. M.; Uchic, M. D.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Norfleet, DM (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 477 Watts Hall,2041 Coll Rd, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
EM dmnorfleet@esi-il.com
NR 54
TC 152
Z9 153
U1 7
U2 49
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6454
J9 ACTA MATER
JI Acta Mater.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 56
IS 13
BP 2988
EP 3001
DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2008.02.046
PG 14
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 330RS
UT WOS:000257961100007
ER
PT J
AU Rao, SI
Dimiduk, DM
Parthasarathy, TA
Uchic, MD
Tang, M
Woodward, C
AF Rao, S. I.
Dimiduk, D. M.
Parthasarathy, T. A.
Uchic, M. D.
Tang, M.
Woodward, C.
TI Athermal mechanisms of size-dependent crystal flow gleaned from
three-dimensional discrete dislocation simulations
SO ACTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE dislocation dynamics; plastic deformation; compression test; nickel;
size effects
ID SINGLE-CRYSTALS; PLASTIC-DEFORMATION; LENGTH SCALES; UNIAXIAL
COMPRESSION; DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; STRAIN GRADIENTS; MICRO-PILLARS;
THIN-FILM; STRENGTH; AVALANCHES
AB Recent experimental studies have revealed that micrometer-scale face-centered cubic (fcc) crystals show strong strengthening effects, even at high initial dislocation densities. We use large-scale three-dimensional discrete dislocation simulations (DDS) to explicitly model the deformation behavior of fcc Ni microcrystals in the size range of 0.5-20 mu m. This study shows that two size-sensitive athermal hardening processes, beyond forest hardening, are sufficient to develop the dimensional scaling of the flow stress, stochastic stress variation, flow intermittency and high initial strain-hardening rates, similar to experimental observations for various materials. One mechanism, source-truncation hardening, is especially potent in micrometer-scale volumes. A second mechanism, termed exhaustion hardening, results from a breakdown of the mean-field conditions for forest hardening in small volumes, thus biasing the statistics of ordinary dislocation processes. (c) 2008 Acta Materialia Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Rao, S. I.; Parthasarathy, T. A.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, RxLM, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Rao, S. I.; Parthasarathy, T. A.] Universal Energy Syst Inc, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
[Dimiduk, D. M.; Uchic, M. D.; Tang, M.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
[Woodward, C.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
RP Rao, SI (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, RxLM, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM satish.rao@wpafb.af.mil
RI Parthasarathy, Triplicane/B-7146-2011
OI Parthasarathy, Triplicane/0000-0002-5449-9754
NR 67
TC 157
Z9 159
U1 3
U2 50
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6454
J9 ACTA MATER
JI Acta Mater.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 56
IS 13
BP 3245
EP 3259
DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2008.03.011
PG 15
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 330RS
UT WOS:000257961100030
ER
PT J
AU Ostrom, CS
Martin, WJ
Zacharakis, J
AF Ostrom, Christopher Sean
Martin, William Jay
Zacharakis, Jeff
TI Autopoiesis and the cosmology of postmodern adult education
SO ADULT EDUCATION QUARTERLY
LA English
DT Article
DE education; postmodern; phenomenology; autopoiesis; individualism;
identity; social; constructionism; community
AB From the time adult education emerged as a field of study, it has suffered a crisis of identity by which the field is increasingly defined by a lack of consensus regarding its larger aspirations and operational boundaries. The purpose of this article is to begin deconstructing and reconstructing the field of adult education phenomenologically by (a) exploring the basic historical assumptions and socially constructed, collectivist realities on which adult education founded its theory and practice in the modern era, (b) elucidating the postmodern turn these realities have taken in the past half century, and (c) reconciling adult education's historical mission with new realities facing the field. This article ultimately concludes that any viable conception of adult education must not only make postmodern individuals better competitors in the global marketplace, but must also help them and the organizations they comprise to define themselves within a larger autopoietic web of relations.
C1 [Ostrom, Christopher Sean; Zacharakis, Jeff] Kansas State Univ, Dept Educ Leadership, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA.
[Zacharakis, Jeff] Kansas State Univ, Inst Civ Discourse & Democracy, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA.
[Martin, William Jay] USAF, San Francisco, CA USA.
RP Ostrom, CS (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Educ Leadership, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA.
NR 34
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 1
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
PI THOUSAND OAKS
PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA
SN 0741-7136
J9 ADULT EDUC QUART
JI Adult Educ. Q.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 58
IS 4
BP 299
EP 317
DI 10.1177/0741713608318894
PG 19
WC Education & Educational Research
SC Education & Educational Research
GA 330KI
UT WOS:000257939400003
ER
PT J
AU Periannan, V
von Spakovsky, MR
Moorhouse, DJ
AF Periannan, V.
von Spakovsky, M. R.
Moorhouse, D. J.
TI A study of various energy- and exergy-based optimisation metrics for the
design of high performance aircraft systems
SO AERONAUTICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
AB This paper shows the advantages of applying exergy-based analysis and optimisation methods to the synthesis/design and operation of aircraft systems. In particular, an Advanced Aircraft Fighter (AAF) with three subsystems: a Propulsion Subsystem (PS), an Environmental Control Subsystem (ECS), and an Airframe Subsystem - Aerodynamics (AFS-A) is used to illustrate these advantages. Thermodynamic (both energy and exergy based), aerodynamic, geometric, and physical models of the components comprising the subsystems are developed and their interactions defined. Off-design performance is considered as well and is used in the analysis and optimisation of system synthesis/design and operation as the aircraft is flown over an entire mission.
An exergy-based parametric study of the PS and its components is first presented in order to show the type of detailed information on internal system losses which an exergy analysis can provide and an energy analysis by its very nature is unable to provide. This is followed by a series of constrained, system synthesis/design optimisations based on five different objective functions, which define energy-based and exergy-based measures of performance. The former involve minimising the gross takeoff weight or maximising the thrust efficiency while the latter involve minimising the rates of exergy destruction plus the rate of exergy fuel loss (with and without AFS-A losses) or maximising the thermodynamic effectiveness.
A first set of optimisations involving four of the objectives (two energy-based and two exergy-based) are performed with only PS and ECS degrees of freedom. Losses for the AFS-A are not incorporated into the two exergy-based objectives. The results show that as expected all four objectives globally produce the same Optimum vehicle. A second set of optimisations is then performed with AFS-A degrees of freedom and again with two energy- and exergy-based objectives. However, this time one of the exergy-based objectives incorporates AFS-A losses directly into the objective. The results are that with this latter objective, a significantly better Optimum Vehicle is produced. Thus, an exergy-based approach is not only able to pinpoint where the greatest inefficiencies in the system occur but appears at least in this case to produce a superior optimum vehicle as well by accounting for irreversibility losses in subsystems (e.g., the AFS-A) only indirectly tied to fuel usage.
C1 [Periannan, V.; von Spakovsky, M. R.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Energy Syst Res Ctr, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
[Moorhouse, D. J.] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Periannan, V (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Energy Syst Res Ctr, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
RI von Spakovsky, Michael/F-2465-2014
OI von Spakovsky, Michael/0000-0002-3884-6904
NR 16
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 3
PU ROYAL AERONAUTICAL SOC
PI LONDON
PA 4 HAMILTON PL, LONDON W1J 7BQ, ENGLAND
SN 0001-9240
J9 AERONAUT J
JI Aeronaut. J.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 112
IS 1134
BP 449
EP 458
PG 10
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 359YE
UT WOS:000260023400002
ER
PT J
AU Pratt, DM
Moorhouse, D
AF Pratt, D. M.
Moorhouse, D.
TI System integration of high intensity energy subsystems - a thermal
management challenge
SO AERONAUTICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID PHASE-CHANGE
AB Current and future Air Force weapons systems lack the necessary power and cooling capacity to provide full systems level capability as a result of energy and thermal management limitations. Cooling capacity of fuel is already fully utilised leaving little room for additional cooling needs. Additionally, increasing speed, power, and miniaturisation of future systems continue to stress any thermal management capability that we can now deliver. Thus, the focus of this paper is a conceptual assessment of the key energy and thermal management technologies to meet the future energy challenges. It presents an overview of the current state of the art and also possible future research.
C1 [Pratt, D. M.; Moorhouse, D.] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Pratt, DM (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
NR 14
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU ROYAL AERONAUTICAL SOC
PI LONDON
PA 4 HAMILTON PL, LONDON W1J 7BQ, ENGLAND
SN 0001-9240
J9 AERONAUT J
JI Aeronaut. J.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 112
IS 1134
BP 477
EP 482
PG 6
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 359YE
UT WOS:000260023400005
ER
PT J
AU Dalton, SR
LeBoit, PE
AF Dalton, Scott R.
LeBoit, Philip E.
TI Squamous cell carcinoma with clear cells: How often is there evidence of
tricholemmal differentiation?
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DERMATOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE clear cell carcinoma; tricholemmal carcinoma; cutaneous; glycogen; outer
root sheath; CD34; NGFR/p75; CK17; PAS
ID COMPREHENSIVE CLINICOPATHOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION; TRICHILEMMAL
CARCINOMA; EXPRESSION; ANTIBODY; VARIANT; TUMORS; SKIN
AB Clear-cell carcinoma of the skin was described by Kuo in 1980 as a cutaneous tumor composed of clear cells that lacked cytoplasmic glycogen or evidence of tricholemmal keratinization. Tricholemmal carcinoma (TC) is conventionally considered to be a neoplasm derived from adnexal keratinocytes with glycogenated clear cells and evidence of outer root sheath or tricholemmal differentiation. The existence of TC has been questioned as it has been argued that without clear immurrohistochemical evidence of outer root sheath differentiation, TC cannot be distinguished from clear-cell carcinoma of the skin. Our laboratory has not routinely stained the cases that appear to be carcinomas with clear keratinocytes to determine if glycogen is present and has not made the diagnosis of TC. We sought to test whether the presence of glycogen, light microscopic features said to be typical of TC, or inummohistochemical findings would delineate a group of "true" TC among the cases that we have been recording as squamous cell carcinomas with clear cells (SCC-C). 40 cases of SCC-C were evaluated for 7 histologic and histochemical criteria (a lobular arrangement, peripheral palisading, tricholemmal keratinization, folliculocentricity, evidence of a preexisting tricholemmoma, the presence of intracytoplasmic glycogen, and a thickened basement membrane) said to characterize TC. Selected cases were then stained for immunohistochemical markers (CD34, CK17, and NGFR/p75) that have been used as evidence for tricholemmal differentiation in some studies. Of the 40 cases, 38 (95%) SCC-C showed intracytoplasmic glycogen (periodic Schiff positivity abolished by diastase) and 55% of cases showed foci of tricholemmal keratinization. Overall, the carcinomas showed a spectrum of the above aggregated criteria ranging from 0 to 5. None possessed all the criteria expected in an ideal TC. In addition, the majority of the selected SCC-C in this study were negative (85%) for antigens typically found in the outer root sheath epithelium of the hair follicle. The glycogen-free clear-cell carcinoma described by Kuo seems uncommon in our patient population.. Rare cases of SCC-C met the majority of Headington's criteria for TC or showed immurohistochemical evidence of tricholemmal differentiation. Thus, we also conclude that well-differentiated TC is rare and its description in the literature may overstate the case that it is a well-characterized cutaneous neoplasm.
C1 [LeBoit, Philip E.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Dermatol, San Francisco, CA 94115 USA.
[LeBoit, Philip E.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Pathol, San Francisco, CA 94115 USA.
[Dalton, Scott R.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Lackland AFB, TX USA.
RP LeBoit, PE (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Dermatol, 1701 Divisadero St,Room 350, San Francisco, CA 94115 USA.
EM philip.leboit@ucsf.edu
NR 23
TC 19
Z9 21
U1 1
U2 2
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0193-1091
J9 AM J DERMATOPATH
JI Am. J. Dermatopathol.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 30
IS 4
BP 333
EP 339
PG 7
WC Dermatology
SC Dermatology
GA 330LC
UT WOS:000257941600003
PM 18645304
ER
PT J
AU Purdy, C
Ewing, R
Beyette, FR
AF Purdy, Carla
Ewing, Robert
Beyette, Fred R., Jr.
TI Selected papers on MWSCAS 2005
SO ANALOG INTEGRATED CIRCUITS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Purdy, Carla; Beyette, Fred R., Jr.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA.
[Ewing, Robert] USAF, Inst Technol, Res Lab, Div Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Ewing, Robert] Univ Cincinnati, CERC, Dayton, OH USA.
[Ewing, Robert] USAF, Informat Directorates Embedded Informat Syst, Washington, DC USA.
RP Purdy, C (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA.
EM carla.purdy@uc.edu; beyette@ececs.uc.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0925-1030
J9 ANALOG INTEGR CIRC S
JI Analog Integr. Circuits Process.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 56
IS 1-2
BP 1
EP 4
DI 10.1007/s10470-008-9169-6
PG 4
WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical &
Electronic
SC Computer Science; Engineering
GA 299XF
UT WOS:000255788200001
ER
PT J
AU Moore, ML
Quinn, JM
AF Moore, Meredith L.
Quinn, James M.
TI Subcutaneous immunoglobulin replacement therapy for primary antibody
deficiency: advancements into the 21st century
SO ANNALS OF ALLERGY ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
ID PRIMARY IMMUNODEFICIENCY DISEASES; COMMON-VARIABLE-IMMUNODEFICIENCY; IGG
SELF-INFUSIONS; QUALITY-OF-LIFE; INTRAVENOUS IMMUNOGLOBULIN;
GAMMA-GLOBULIN; HOME TREATMENT; SAFETY; CHILDREN; EFFICACY
AB Objectives: To provide a review of the world literature and discuss the clinical role of subcutaneous immunoglobulin (SCIG) therapy for primary antibody deficiency.
Data Sources: English-language publications on SCIG therapy were identified through MEDLINE and through the reference list of the initially identified publications.
Study Selection: Articles pertaining to SCIG for the treatment of immunodeficiency, particularly primary antibody deficiency, were selected.
Results: SCIG therapy has been shown to be effective and safe for the treatment of primary immunodeficiency. The risk of systemic reactions during infusion is generally reported to be less than 1%. Many patients prefer SCIG over conventional intravenous immunoglobulin therapy because of increased convenience and independence associated with SCIG therapy. Publications show SCIG therapy to be advantageous in selected patient populations, such as children, pregnant women, and patients with poor intravenous access.
Conclusion: SCIG therapy has been widely used in some European countries for a number of years, but a Food and Drug Administration-approved product was only recently introduced into the United States in 2006. SCIG therapy offers unique advantages that are applicable to many patients receiving immunoglobulin therapy for primary immunodeficiency.
C1 [Moore, Meredith L.; Quinn, James M.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Allergy Immunol Clin, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA.
RP Moore, ML (reprint author), Allergy Immunol Clin, 59th MDOS-SGOMVA,2200 Bergquist Dr,Suite 1, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
EM meredith.moore@lackland.af.mil
NR 53
TC 27
Z9 28
U1 0
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 1081-1206
J9 ANN ALLERG ASTHMA IM
JI Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 101
IS 2
BP 114
EP 121
PG 8
WC Allergy; Immunology
SC Allergy; Immunology
GA 336LU
UT WOS:000258366100002
PM 18727465
ER
PT J
AU Brooke, H
Perkins, DL
Setlow, B
Setlow, P
Bronk, BV
Myrick, ML
AF Brooke, Heather
Perkins, David L.
Setlow, Barbara
Setlow, Peter
Bronk, Burt V.
Myrick, Michael L.
TI Sampling and quantitative analysis of clean B-subtilis spores at
sub-monolayer coverage by reflectance Fourier transform infrared
microscopy using gold-coated filter substrates
SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY
LA English
DT Article
DE Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy; FT-IR spectroscopy;
mid-infrared spectroscopy; MIR spectroscopy; bacterial endospores;
reflectance; linearity studies; absorption cross-section; scattering
profile
ID BACTERIAL ENDOSPORES; STATISTICAL-ANALYSIS; RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY;
BIOLOGICAL WEAPONS; IDENTIFICATION; BIOTERRORISM; EXTINCTION; SIMULANTS;
ANTHRAX; THREAT
AB A study was conducted to determine the concentration dependency of the mid-infrared (MIR) absorbance of bacterial spores. A range of concentrations of Bacillus subtilis endospores filtered across gold-coated filter membranes were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) reflectance microscopy. Calibration curves were derived from the peak absorbances associated with Amide A, Amide 1, and Amide 11 vibrational frequencies by automatic baseline fitting to remove most of the scattering contribution. Linear relationships (R-2 >= 0.99) were observed between the concentrations of spores and the baseline-corrected peak absorbance for each frequency studied. Detection limits for our sampled area of 100 X 100 mu m(2) were determined to be 79, 39, and 184 spores (or 7.92 X 10(5), 3.92 X 10(5), and 1.84 X 10(6) spores/cm(2)) for the Amide A, Amide I, and Amide II peaks, respectively. Absorbance increased linearly above the scattering baseline with particle surface concentration up to 0.9 monolayer (ML) coverage, with the monolayer density calculated to be approximately 1.17 X 10(8) spores/cm(2). Scattering as a function of surface concentration, as estimated from extinction values at wavelengths exhibiting low absorbance, becomes nonlinear at a much lower surface concentration. The apparent scattering cross-section per spore decreased monotonically as concentrations increased toward 1.2 ML, while the absolute scattering decreased between 0.9 ML and 1.2 ML coverage. Calculations suggest that transverse spatial coherence effects are the origin of this nonlinearity, while the onset of nonlinearity in the baseline-corrected absorption is probably due to multiple scattering effects, which appear at a high surface concentration. Absorption cross-sections at peaks of the three bands were measured to be (2.15 +/- 0.05) X 10(-9), (1.48 +/- 0.03) X 10(-9), and (0.805 +/- 0.023) X 10(-9) cm(2), respectively. These values are smaller by a factor of 2-4 than expected from the literature. The origin of the reduced cross-section is hypothesized to be an electric field effect related to the surface selection rule.
C1 [Brooke, Heather; Myrick, Michael L.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Chem & Biochem, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
[Perkins, David L.] Ometric Corp, Columbia, SC 29223 USA.
[Setlow, Barbara; Setlow, Peter] Univ Connecticut, Ctr Hlth, Dept Mol Microbial & Struct Biol, Farmington, CT 06030 USA.
[Bronk, Burt V.] USAF, Res Lab RHPC, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45324 USA.
[Bronk, Burt V.] USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA.
RP Myrick, ML (reprint author), Univ S Carolina, Dept Chem & Biochem, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
EM myrick@sc.edu
OI Myrick, Michael/0000-0002-6905-0925
FU Army Research Office [DAAD 190010557]
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge support from the Army Research Office
under Grant # DAAD 190010557.
NR 31
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 4
PU SOC APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY
PI FREDERICK
PA 201B BROADWAY ST, FREDERICK, MD 21701 USA
SN 0003-7028
J9 APPL SPECTROSC
JI Appl. Spectrosc.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 62
IS 8
BP 881
EP 888
PG 8
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy
GA 337EP
UT WOS:000258418600008
PM 18702861
ER
PT J
AU Marleau, FR
Noriega-Crespo, A
Paladini, R
Clancy, D
Carey, S
Shenoy, S
Kraemer, KE
Kuchar, T
Mizuno, DR
Price, S
AF Marleau, F. R.
Noriega-Crespo, A.
Paladini, R.
Clancy, D.
Carey, S.
Shenoy, S.
Kraemer, K. E.
Kuchar, T.
Mizuno, D. R.
Price, S.
TI Discovery of highly obscured galaxies in the zone of avoidance
SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies : distances and redshifts; infrared : galaxies; large-scale
structure of universe
ID SPITZER-SPACE-TELESCOPE; MULTIBAND IMAGING PHOTOMETER; SPECTRAL
ENERGY-DISTRIBUTION; INFRARED ARRAY CAMERA; STAR-FORMING GALAXIES;
ABSOLUTE CALIBRATION; MILKY-WAY; REDSHIFT SURVEY; UNIVERSE; REGION
AB We report the discovery of 25 previously unknown galaxies in the zone of avoidance (ZoA). Our systematic search for extended extragalactic sources in the Galactic Legacy Infrared Mid-Plane Survey Extraordinaire (GLIMPSE) and MIPS Galactic Plane Survey (MIPSGAL) mid-infrared surveys of the Galactic plane has revealed two overdensities of these sources, located around l similar to 47 degrees and 55 degrees and vertical bar b vertical bar less than or similar to 1 degrees in the Sagitta-Aquila region. These overdensities are consistent with the local large-scale structure found at similar Galactic longitude and extending from vertical bar b vertical bar similar to 4 to 40 degrees. We show that the infrared spectral energy distribution of these sources is indeed consistent with those of normal galaxies. Photometric estimates of their redshift indicate that the majority of these galaxies are found in the redshift range z similar or equal to 0.01-0.05, with one source located at z similar or equal to 0.07. Comparison with known sources in the local universe reveals that these galaxies are located at similar overdensities in redshift space. These new galaxies are the first evidence of a bridge linking the large-scale structure between both sides of the Galactic plane at very low Galactic latitude and clearly demonstrate the feasibility of detecting galaxies in the ZoA using mid-to-far infrared surveys.
C1 [Marleau, F. R.; Noriega-Crespo, A.; Paladini, R.; Clancy, D.; Carey, S.; Shenoy, S.] CALTECH, Spitzer Sci Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Kraemer, K. E.; Price, S.] USAF, Res Lab, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
[Kuchar, T.; Mizuno, D. R.] Boston Coll, Inst Sci Res, Boston, MA 02135 USA.
RP Marleau, FR (reprint author), CALTECH, Spitzer Sci Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
OI Kraemer, Kathleen/0000-0002-2626-7155
NR 40
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 1
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-6256
J9 ASTRON J
JI Astron. J.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 136
IS 2
BP 662
EP 675
DI 10.1088/0004-6256/136/2/662
PG 14
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 326SU
UT WOS:000257680000015
ER
PT J
AU Ragot, BR
AF Ragot, B. R.
TI Subexponential divergence and diffusive twist of turbulent magnetic
field lines in the limit of the very short separations
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE cosmic rays; magnetic fields; plasmas; turbulence; waves
ID AMPLITUDE ALFVEN WAVES; PITCH-ANGLE SCATTERING; LOW-ENERGY ELECTRONS;
SLOW SOLAR-WIND; PARTICLE-ACCELERATION; INTERPLANETARY MEDIUM; ANOMALOUS
TRANSPORT; FORCE; DISPLACEMENT; SHOCKS
AB Turbulent magnetic field lines have long been thought to be diverging from each other (or converging toward each other) at exponential rates known as Lyapunov exponents. It is argued here that in a turbulent magnetized plasma, sub-exponential divergence (convergence) and diffusive twist better characterize the dispersal of magnetic field lines (MFLs) in the limit of the very small separations rho than do the usual Lyapunov exponents or exponentiation rates. In that limit of the very small separations, the field-line equations give a variation rate for ln rho, not rho, and the implied log-normality of the rho distribution makes <((ln rho/rho(0))(2)> a much better probe of the exponential divergence of core MFLs. A fully nonlinear calculation shows that the separation logarithm, ln rho, and twist or rotation angle, Delta theta, between pairs of MFLs diffuse with the distance Delta z elapsed along the main field, as soon as Delta z exceeds min(k(II)(-1), zeta(II)), the minimum of the parallel correlation length k(II)(-1) L-parallel to del of the turbulent field gradients and of the associated nonlinear scale, zeta(II) = zeta(del), defined as the field-aligned length scale for which the mean cross-field displacement <(r(zeta) r(0))(2)>(1/2) reaches 2(1/2)xi k(II)(-1) 2(1/2)L(perpendicular to del), with k(II) the wavenumber where the turbulence spectrum becomes steeper than (k(parallel to)(2) + xi(2)k(perpendicular to)(2))(-1) and xi the anisotropy parameter of the turbulence. The average growth of the core field-line separation rho(0)e(<(ln rho/rho 0)2 > 1/2) = e(proportional to(Delta z)1/2) along the direction of fastest growth, being subexponential, is not compatible with the definition of Lyapunov exponents. The largest exponentiation rate of the core MFLs actually decreases with the distance Delta z. Application of the new nonlinear calculation to the solar wind shows a substantial MFL rotation in a plane transverse to the main field.
C1 USAF, Res Lab, RVBXS, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
RP Ragot, BR (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, RVBXS, 29 Randolph Rd, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
NR 35
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 2
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD AUG 1
PY 2008
VL 682
IS 2
BP 1416
EP 1435
DI 10.1086/589644
PG 20
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 331PZ
UT WOS:000258026100065
ER
PT J
AU Ramsey, CS
Werchan, PM
Isdahl, WM
Fischer, J
Gibbons, JA
AF Ramsey, Carol S.
Werchan, Paul M.
Isdahl, Wayne M.
Fischer, Joseph
Gibbons, John A.
TI Acceleration tolerance at night with acute fatigue and stimulants
SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
DE "go pills"; AGSM; acute fatigue; medication use by aviators
ID SLEEP-DEPRIVATION; MODAFINIL; RATS
AB Introduction: The impact of pharmacological agents on aviators concerns all flight surgeons. This study tested the related hypotheses that acute fatigue reduces +G(z) tolerance and endurance, and that stimulants can partially reverse this impact. Additionally, the researchers attempted to develop a test battery sensitive enough to detect subtle differences in aviator cognition and performance among conditions. Methods: To determine the effect of fatigue on +G(z) tolerance and the impact of stimulant use, 10 male centrifuge subjects, mean age 32, from Brooks City-Base, TX, were tested in a repeated measures study under five nighttime conditions following an average of 22 h of sustained wakefulness during their circadian nadir. Using a within-subject design, subjects received placebo, dextroamphetamine 10 mg, modafinil 200 mg, methylphenidate 10 mg, and pemoline 37.5 mg at night, and were tested during a daytime control session. Cognitive/performance tests were administered before each centrifuge run. Results: No difference in +G(z) tolerance or endurance was detected among conditions. The cognitive/performance tests also did not detect any differences. Subject perception that anti-G straining maneuver (AGSM) difficulty was greater during the night placebo condition than during the daytime control, methylphenidate and modafinil night conditions reached statistical significance (P = 0.005, 0.012, 0.022, respectively). Discussion: Physiological changes during the circadian nadir following acute sleep deprivation do not appear to negatively impact +G(z) tolerance. A standardized protocol sufficiently sensitive to detect subtle behavioral and performance effects would be useful to test and compare the effect of other pharmacological agents on aviators.
C1 [Ramsey, Carol S.; Werchan, Paul M.; Isdahl, Wayne M.; Fischer, Joseph; Gibbons, John A.] AF Res Lab, Human Effectiveness Directorate, Biosci & Protect Div, Aircrew Protect Branch, Brooks City Base, TX USA.
[Ramsey, Carol S.; Werchan, Paul M.; Isdahl, Wayne M.; Fischer, Joseph; Gibbons, John A.] AF Res Lab, Fatigue Countermeasures Branch, Brooks City Base, TX USA.
RP Ramsey, CS (reprint author), 10868 Ouray St, Commerce City, CO 80022 USA.
EM csramsey@juno.com
NR 16
TC 3
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 1
PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA
SN 0095-6562
J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD
JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 79
IS 8
BP 769
EP 773
DI 10.3357/ASEM.1977.2008
PG 5
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General &
Internal; Sport Sciences
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal
Medicine; Sport Sciences
GA 331ZA
UT WOS:000258050000007
PM 18717116
ER
PT J
AU Ruggles-Wrenn, MB
Laffey, PD
AF Ruggles-Wrenn, M. B.
Laffey, P. D.
TI Creep behavior in interlaminar shear of Nextel (TM) 720/alumina ceramic
composite at elevated temperature in air and in steam
SO COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE ceramic-matrix composites (CMCs); oxides; creep; high-temperature
properties; fractography
ID OXIDE FIBER COMPOSITES; MATRIX COMPOSITES; MULLITE/ALUMINA MIXTURES;
MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; DAMAGE-TOLERANT; STRENGTH; ALUMINA; ENVIRONMENT;
EXPOSURE; INPLANE
AB The creep behavior in interlaminar shear of an oxide-oxide ceramic matrix composite (CMC) was evaluated at 1200 degrees C in laboratory air and in steam using double-notch shear test specimens. The composite consists of a porous alumina matrix reinforced with laminated, woven mullite/alumina (Nextel(TM)720) fibers, has no interface between the fiber and matrix, and relies on the porous matrix for flaw tolerance. The interlaminar shear properties were measured. The creep behavior was examined for interlaminar shear stresses in the 4-6.5 MPa range. Primary and secondary creep regimes were observed in all tests conducted in air. In steam, the composite exhibited primary, secondary and tertiary creep. In air, creep run-out defined as 100 h at creep stress was achieved in all tests. In the presence of steam, creep performance deteriorated rapidly and run-out was achieved only at 4 MPa (similar to 50% of the interlaminar shear strength at 1200 degrees C). The retained properties of all specimens that achieved run-out were characterized. Composite microstructure, as well as damage and failure mechanisms were investigated. Matrix degradation appears to be the cause of reduced creep lifetimes in steam. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Ruggles-Wrenn, M. B.; Laffey, P. D.] USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Ruggles-Wrenn, MB (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM marina.ruggles-wrenn@afit.edu
RI Ruggles-Wrenn, Marina/J-6103-2014
NR 36
TC 19
Z9 20
U1 2
U2 9
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0266-3538
J9 COMPOS SCI TECHNOL
JI Compos. Sci. Technol.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 68
IS 10-11
BP 2260
EP 2266
DI 10.1016/j.compscitech.2008.04.009
PG 7
WC Materials Science, Composites
SC Materials Science
GA 330ZC
UT WOS:000257980400012
ER
PT J
AU Carin, L
Cybenko, G
Hughes, J
AF Carin, Lawrence
Cybenko, George
Hughes, Jeff
TI Cybersecurity strategies: The QuERIES methodology
SO COMPUTER
LA English
DT Article
AB The Quantitative Evaluation of Risk for Investment Efficient Strategies (QuERIES) methodology offers a novel computational approach to quantitative cybersecurity risk assessment. The authors based this approach on rigorous quantitative techniques drawn from computer science, game theory, control theory, and economics.
Preliminary experiments have corroborated the QuERIES methodology, suggesting that it provides a broadly applicable alternative to red teaming (which involves attackers who have little or no knowledge of a systems' internal protection), black-hat analysis, and other decision-support methodologies previously tried in cybersecurity-related risk assessment.
C1 [Carin, Lawrence] Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27706 USA.
[Cybenko, George] Dartmouth Coll, Hanover, NH 03755 USA.
[Hughes, Jeff] USAF, Res Lab, ATSPI Technol Off, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Carin, L (reprint author), Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27706 USA.
EM lcarin@ece.duke.edu; gvc@dartmouth.edu; jeff.hughes@wpafb.af.mil
NR 10
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 2
U2 4
PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC
PI LOS ALAMITOS
PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA
SN 0018-9162
J9 COMPUTER
JI Computer
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 41
IS 8
BP 20
EP +
DI 10.1109/MC.2008.295
PG 8
WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software
Engineering
SC Computer Science
GA 335MK
UT WOS:000258294500008
ER
PT J
AU Hu, JJ
Zabinski, JS
Bultman, JE
Sanders, JH
Voevodin, AA
AF Hu, J. J.
Zabinski, Jeffrey S.
Bultman, John E.
Sanders, Jeffrey H.
Voevodin, Andrey A.
TI Encapsulated nanoparticles produced by pulsed laser ablation of MoS2-Te
composite target
SO CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN
LA English
DT Article
ID FULLERENE-LIKE STRUCTURES; MOLYBDENUM-DISULFIDE; WS2; NANOTUBES; WATER;
MECHANISM; PHASE; ARC
AB Encapsulated nanoparticles were produced by the pulsed laser ablation of MoS2-Te composite targets in a high vacuum chamber. Transmission electron microscope and X-ray energy dispersive spectrometer measurements showed that core-fike Mo-rich nanoparticles were encapsulated with shell-like Te-rich materials. Layer structures of the hexagonal MoTe2 phase were formed on the nanoparticle surface that was linked to the diffusion-controlled migration and crystallization. The mechanism of nanoparticle syntheses was discussed in relationship with the pulsed laser ablation of MoS2-Te target materials, the formation of Mo-rich cores, and the growth of layer-structured MoTe2 shells.
C1 [Hu, J. J.; Zabinski, Jeffrey S.; Bultman, John E.; Sanders, Jeffrey H.; Voevodin, Andrey A.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, AFRL MLBT, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
RP Hu, JJ (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, AFRL MLBT, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
EM jianjun.hu@wpafb.af.mil
RI Voevodin, Andrey/I-6684-2013
NR 22
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 2
U2 32
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1528-7483
J9 CRYST GROWTH DES
JI Cryst. Growth Des.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 8
IS 8
BP 2603
EP 2605
DI 10.1021/cg7008144
PG 3
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Crystallography; Materials Science
GA 335DL
UT WOS:000258270900004
ER
PT J
AU Tankersley, MS
AF Tankersley, Michael S.
TI The stinging impact of the imported fire ant
SO CURRENT OPINION IN ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
DE anaphylaxis; immunotherapy; imported fire ant
ID SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; HEALTH-CARE FACILITIES; WHOLE-BODY EXTRACT;
RUSH IMMUNOTHERAPY; INSECT HYPERSENSITIVITY; SOLENOPSIS-INVICTA;
HYMENOPTERA VENOM; PERSONAL PROTECTION; CROSS-REACTIVITY;
NATURAL-HISTORY
AB Purpose of review
Imported fire ants pose a real and present danger to allergic individuals living in endemic areas. This overview examines the impact of their presence, specifics of their venom and approach to the treatment of the hypersensitive individuals.
Recent findings
Imported fire ant sting attack rates are high in endemic areas with sensitization occurring early in life among those dwelling in these locations. Once considered an outdoor pest, sting attacks are now known to occur indoors with the very young and the very old being especially susceptible due to the decreased mobility of these age extremes. Immunotherapy with whole body extract appears efficacious with both traditional and rush schedules finding utility among allergists. Both the mobility of the populace and the portability of imported fire ants have broadened the presence of both allergic patients and the ant itself among allergists previously unfamiliar with hypersensitive patients or the imported fire ant.
Summary
Recent work has focused on achieving more rapid protection in hypersensitive patients given the high sting attack rates in endemic area with sensitization occurring early in life among those exposed to the imported fire ant.
C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Allergy & Immunol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
RP Tankersley, MS (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Allergy & Immunol, 2200 Bergquist Dr,Ste 1, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
EM michael.tankersley@lackland.af.mil
NR 52
TC 19
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 2
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 1528-4050
J9 CURR OPIN ALLERGY CL
JI Curr. Opin. Allergy Clin. Immunol.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 8
IS 4
BP 354
EP 359
PG 6
WC Allergy; Immunology
SC Allergy; Immunology
GA 328DJ
UT WOS:000257777500013
PM 18596594
ER
PT J
AU Eller, R
Hawkshaw, M
Sataloff, RT
AF Eller, Robert
Hawkshaw, Mary
Sataloff, Robert T.
TI Acute vocal fold hemorrhage after thyroplasty
SO ENT-EAR NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Eller, Robert] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA.
[Hawkshaw, Mary] Amer Inst Voice & Ear Res, Philadelphia, PA USA.
[Sataloff, Robert T.] Drexel Univ, Coll Med, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
RP Eller, R (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU VENDOME GROUP LLC
PI NEW YORK
PA 149 FIFTH AVE, 10TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA
SN 0145-5613
J9 ENT-EAR NOSE THROAT
JI ENT-Ear Nose Throat J.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 87
IS 8
BP 425
EP 425
PG 1
WC Otorhinolaryngology
SC Otorhinolaryngology
GA V10PC
UT WOS:000207474900004
PM 18712688
ER
PT J
AU Gibb, R
Schvaneveldt, R
Gray, R
AF Gibb, Randy
Schvaneveldt, Roger
Gray, Rob
TI Visual misperception in aviation: Glide path performance in a black hole
environment
SO HUMAN FACTORS
LA English
DT Article
ID SPATIAL DISORIENTATION; APPROACH ANGLE; AIR-FORCE; PERCEPTION; SLANT;
PILOTS; MODEL; CUES
AB Objective: We sought to improve understanding of visual perception in aviation to mitigate mishaps in approaches to landing. Background: Research has attempted to identify the most salient visual cues for glide path performance in impoverished visual conditions. Numerous aviation accidents caused by glide path overestimation (GPO) have occurred when a low glide path was induced by a black hole illusion (BHI) in featureless terrain during night approaches. Method: Twenty pilots flew simulated approaches under various visual cues of random terrain objects and approach lighting system (ALS) configurations. Performance was assessed relative to the desired 3 degrees glide path in terms of precision, bias, and stability. Results: With the high-ratio (long, narrow) runway, the overall performance between 8.3 and 0.9 km from the runway depicted a concave approach shape found in BHI mishaps. The addition of random terrain objects failed to improve glide path performance, and an ALS commonly used at airports induced GPO and the resulting low glide path. The worst performance, however, resulted from a combination ALS consisting of both side and approach lights. Surprisingly, novice pilots flew more stable approaches than did experienced pilots. Conclusions: Low, unsafe approaches occur frequently in conditions with limited global and local visual cues. Approach lights lateral of the runway may counter the bias of the BHI. The variability suggested a proactive, cue-seeking behavior among experienced pilots as compared with novice pilots. Application: Visual spatial disorientation training in flight simulators should be used to demonstrate visual misperceptions in black hole environments and reduce pilots' confidence in their limited visual capabilities.
C1 [Gibb, Randy] USAF Acad, USAF, DFBL, Dept Behav Sci & Leadership, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
[Schvaneveldt, Roger; Gray, Rob] Arizona State Univ, Dept Appl Psychol, Mesa, AZ USA.
RP Gibb, R (reprint author), USAF Acad, USAF, DFBL, Dept Behav Sci & Leadership, 2354 Fairchild Suite 6L166, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
EM randall.gibb@usafa.edu
RI Gray, Rob/A-3951-2010;
OI Schvaneveldt, Roger/0000-0003-3470-9141
FU National Science Foundation Faculty Early Career Development Program
[0239657]
FX This research is based upon the first author's doctoral dissertation at
Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona. The first author would like to
thank Rayka Mohebi for her work with data organization and computation
as well as Drs. Bill Uttal, Bill Moor, and Rong Pan, all professors in
the Industrial Engineering Department, Arizona State University, for
their assistance in completing this research project. The first author
would also like to thank the anonymous reviewers for their insightful
feedback. Present research was supported by the National Science
Foundation Faculty Early Career Development Program (Award #0239657 to
author R. Gray).; The opinions, findings, and conclusions expressed by
the first author represent his work and his work only and do not
represent those of the Department of Defense and/or the U.S. Air Force.
NR 50
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 6
PU HUMAN FACTORS SOC
PI SANTA MONICA
PA BOX 1369, SANTA MONICA, CA 90406 USA
SN 0018-7208
J9 HUM FACTORS
JI Hum. Factors
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 50
IS 4
BP 699
EP 711
DI 10.1518/001872008X288619
PG 13
WC Behavioral Sciences; Engineering, Industrial; Ergonomics; Psychology,
Applied; Psychology
SC Behavioral Sciences; Engineering; Psychology
GA 341KL
UT WOS:000258713300010
PM 18767527
ER
PT J
AU Bettencourt, MT
Greenwood, AD
AF Bettencourt, Matthew T.
Greenwood, Andrew D.
TI Performance improvements for efficient electromagnetic particle-in-cell
computation on 1000s of CPUs
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION
LA English
DT Article
DE electromagnetic; finite-difference time-domain (FDTD); particle-in-cell
(PIC)
ID CODE
AB The finite-difference time-domain technique for simulation of electromagnetic and low-density plasma phenomena is computationally expensive and can require tens of thousands of computer hours to produce one solution. Substantial gains can be made through memory streamlining (factors of 2.3x faster), efficient cache usage (factors of 3x improvement), and through better parallel design (improving scalability to four times the number of CPUs). These improvements are documented and tested across five different supercomputing hardware platforms for idealized problems designed to highlight the effect of the changes. Then, the cumulative effect of these changes are tested across the five different systems for a typical problem of interest, a relativistic magnetron, on 48 CPUs which shows a factor of two to seven reduction in run-time, or best case, from 21 h to only 3 h.
C1 [Bettencourt, Matthew T.; Greenwood, Andrew D.] USAF, Res Lab, RDHE, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA.
RP Bettencourt, MT (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, RDHE, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA.
EM Andrew.Greenwood@kirtland.af.mil
RI bettencourt, matthew/I-5924-2014
NR 12
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 3
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 0018-926X
J9 IEEE T ANTENN PROPAG
JI IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 56
IS 8
BP 2178
EP 2186
DI 10.1109/TAP.2008.926764
PN 1
PG 9
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA 336NX
UT WOS:000258373000004
ER
PT J
AU MacGillivray, JT
AF MacGillivray, Jeff T.
TI Trillion cell CAD-based Cartesian mesh generator for the
finite-difference time-domain method on a single-processor 4-GB
workstation
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION
LA English
DT Article
DE finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) methods; finite-difference methods;
mesh generation
AB In this paper, a robust, computer-aided design (CAD)based, highly accurate and fast Cartesian mesh generation technique for a colossal number of cells capacity using a minimal single-processor computing resource is presented. The cells are generated in Yee format for the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. There are three key techniques presented that achieve this capability: a highly efficient data storage ray tracing method, a highly accurate ray-facet intersection test, and a novel exact arithmetic tie-breaking algorithm for rays intersecting facet edges and vertices.
C1 USAF, Res Lab, RDHE, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA.
RP MacGillivray, JT (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, RDHE, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA.
EM Jeff.MacGillivray@us.af.mil
NR 4
TC 5
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 5
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 0018-926X
J9 IEEE T ANTENN PROPAG
JI IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 56
IS 8
BP 2187
EP 2190
DI 10.1109/TAP.2008.926790
PN 1
PG 4
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA 336NX
UT WOS:000258373000005
ER
PT J
AU Wisman, D
Ganguly, B
Marcum, SD
AF Wisman, David
Ganguly, Biswa
Marcum, S. Douglas
TI High-speed visualization of flame reaction zone using a positive
point-to-plane corona discharge
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE combustion; emission; high-speed flow visualization
AB We have used a pulsed corona discharge to obtain time-resolved spectrally filtered 337.1-nm N-2(C -> B) emission images for the visualization of the reaction zone (flame front) of a premixed propane-air flame. The low-density region at the flame front allows one to guide the streamer along the reaction zone during the initial stages of the pulsed discharge, while the temperature-dependent electron-detachment/attachment rate allows for the increased conductivity of the plasma after the discharge has been fully established. Images with 500-shot accumulations are presented to clearly illustrate the concept, while the ability for greater time resolution is discussed as an attractive means for imaging small-scale turbulent instabilities in a flame reaction zone.
C1 [Wisman, David] Universal Energy Syst Inc, Aerosp Power & Prop Div, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
[Ganguly, Biswa] USAF, Res Lab, Plasma Phys Branch, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Marcum, S. Douglas] Miami Univ, Dept Phys, Oxford, OH 45056 USA.
RP Wisman, D (reprint author), Universal Energy Syst Inc, Aerosp Power & Prop Div, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
EM biswa.ganguly@wpafb.af.mil
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 0093-3813
J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 36
IS 4
BP 928
EP 929
DI 10.1109/TPS.2008.922430
PN 1
PG 2
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA 340AK
UT WOS:000258618200034
ER
PT J
AU Sands, BL
Ganguly, BN
Tachibana, K
AF Sands, Brian L.
Ganguly, Biswa N.
Tachibana, Kunihide
TI Time-resolved imaging of "Plasma Bullets" in a dielectric capillary
atmospheric pressure discharge
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ); dielectric capillary; streamers;
time-resolved optical imaging
AB Temporally resolved images acquired using a 5-ns gated intensified charge-coupled device camera show the dynamical behavior of a plasma,jet emanating from the end of a dielectric capillary operating at atmospheric pressure. Broadband emission and filtered emission from excited Ar, He, N(2) and N(2)(+) species were acquired. The properties of the highly localized so-called "plasma bullets" that make up the plasma jet strongly resemble the properties of cathode-directed streamers in positive corona discharges.
C1 [Sands, Brian L.] UES Inc, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
[Ganguly, Biswa N.] USAF, Res Lab, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
[Tachibana, Kunihide] Kyoto Univ, Dept Elect Sci & Engn, Kyoto 6158510, Japan.
RP Sands, BL (reprint author), UES Inc, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
EM brian.sands@wpafb.af.mil; biswa.ganguly@wpatb.af.mil
NR 3
TC 30
Z9 31
U1 0
U2 6
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0093-3813
J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 36
IS 4
BP 956
EP 957
DI 10.1109/TPS.2008.917789
PN 1
PG 2
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA 340AK
UT WOS:000258618200048
ER
PT J
AU Kuo, SP
Pedersen, T
Mills, T
AF Kuo, Spencer P.
Pedersen, Todd
Mills, Travis
TI Lateral distribution of atomic oxygen flux produced by an array of three
fan-shaped plasma torches
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE atomic oxygen generation; biological decontamination; emission
spectroscopy; fan-shaped plasma torch; nonequilibrium plasma at
atmospheric pressure
ID PROTEINS
AB An array of three fan-shaped plasma torches is designed to be a source of atomic oxygen flux for biological decontamination applications. A narrowband-filtered CCD camera is used to record the intensities of 777.4-nm emissions from the torches and reveal the lateral distribution of the atomic oxygen flux produced in the plasma effluent of the torches.
C1 [Kuo, Spencer P.] Polytech Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Brooklyn, NY 11201 USA.
[Pedersen, Todd; Mills, Travis] USAF, Res Lab, VSBX, Hanscom AFB, Bedford, MA 01731 USA.
RP Kuo, SP (reprint author), Polytech Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 6 Metrotech Ctr, Brooklyn, NY 11201 USA.
EM skuo@duke.poly.edu; Todd.Pedersen@hanscom.af.mil;
Travis.Mills@hanscom.af-mil
FU Adventix Technologies Inc
FX Manuscript received November 22. 2007; revised February 17. 2008. The
work of S. P. Kilo Was supported in part by the Adventix Technologies
Inc. Measurements at AFRL were supported by AFOSR task 2311AS.
NR 7
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 0093-3813
J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 36
IS 4
BP 1056
EP 1057
DI 10.1109/TPS.2004.924556
PN 1
PG 2
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA 340AK
UT WOS:000258618200098
ER
PT J
AU Coates, GM
Hopkinson, KM
Graham, SR
Kurkowski, SH
AF Coates, Gregory M.
Hopkinson, Kenneth M.
Graham, Scott R.
Kurkowski, Stuart H.
TI Collaborative, trust-based security mechanisms for a regional Utility
Intranet
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
DE computer network security; computer networks; power system security;
supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems
AB This paper investigates network policies and mechanisms to enhance security in SCADA networks using a mix of TCP and UDP transport protocols over IP. It recommends creating a trust system that can be added in strategic locations to protect existing legacy architectures and to accommodate a transition to IP through the introduction of equipment based on modern standards such as IEC 61850. The trust system is based on a best-of-breed application of standard information technology (IT) network security mechanisms and IP protocols. The trust system provides seamless, automated command and control for the suppression of network attacks and other suspicious events. It also supplies access control, format validation, event analysis, alerting, blocking, and event logging at any network-level and can do so on behalf of any system that does not have the resources to perform these functions itself. Latency calculations are used to estimate limits of applicability within a company and between geographically separated company and area control centers, scalable to hierarchical regional implementations.
C1 [Coates, Gregory M.; Hopkinson, Kenneth M.; Graham, Scott R.; Kurkowski, Stuart H.] USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Coates, GM (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM gregory.coates@afit.edu; kenneth.hopkinson@afit.edu;
scott.graham@afit.edu; stuart.kurkowski@afit.edu
OI Graham, Scott/0000-0003-0193-1192
NR 11
TC 14
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 4
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0885-8950
J9 IEEE T POWER SYST
JI IEEE Trans. Power Syst.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 23
IS 3
BP 831
EP 844
DI 10.1109/TPWRS.2008.926456
PG 14
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA 331SF
UT WOS:000258032200002
ER
PT J
AU Lee, J
Havrilla, M
Hyde, M
Rothwell, EJ
AF Lee, J.
Havrilla, M.
Hyde, M.
Rothwell, E. J.
TI Scattering from a cylindrical resistive sheet using a modified physical
optics current
SO IET MICROWAVES ANTENNAS & PROPAGATION
LA English
DT Article
ID ELECTROMAGNETIC SCATTERING; THIN STRIPS; PATTERNS
AB Applicability of a modified resistive physical optics (PO) current expression to electrically large cylindrical structures is validated by analytical and numerical computations and measurement. It is shown that the radar cross-section (RCS) computed using an exact series representation and the modified PO current approximation matches well in the backscatter direction, and the forward scatter RCSs differ in magnitude by a couple of decibels for a closed resistive sheet. The PO current is compared with the series solution to explain the discrepancy of the forward scatter RCS. It is also shown that an open resistive sheet segment shows excellent agreement with the PO result in both the forward and backscatter directions. Lastly, a simple modified PO shadow-zone current is given for penetrable cylindrical sheets.
C1 [Lee, J.; Rothwell, E. J.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Havrilla, M.; Hyde, M.] USAF, Inst Technol, AFIT ENG, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Lee, J (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, 2120 Engn Bldg, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
EM jeonglee@msu.edu
NR 15
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 2
PU INST ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY-IET
PI HERTFORD
PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD SG1 2AY, ENGLAND
SN 1751-8725
J9 IET MICROW ANTENNA P
JI IET Microw. Antennas Propag.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 2
IS 5
BP 482
EP 491
DI 10.1049/iet-map:20070166
PG 10
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA 340VZ
UT WOS:000258674400011
ER
PT J
AU Chiaramonte, MV
Chiaramonte, LM
AF Chiaramonte, Michael V.
Chiaramonte, Laurel M.
TI An agent-based nurse rostering system under minimal staffing conditions
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PRODUCTION ECONOMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE nurse scheduling; staff scheduling; nurse rostering; agent programming
ID SCHEDULING PROBLEMS; GENETIC ALGORITHM; PERSONNEL
AB Nurse rostering is a complex problem. We propose a new heuristic using a competitive agent-based negotiation that focuses on nurse preferences called competitive nurse rostering (CNR). Unlike the existing literature, CNR models each nurse's preference functions separately and separates the cost minimization and preference maximization problems. CNR produces quality nurse rosters even though it cannot leverage extra staffing. As an agent system, CNR can distribute computational requirements over several computer systems, include other solution methods at various points in of the rostering problem, and act as a real-time scheduling system. These benefits are not naturally inherent in centralized heuristic solutions. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Chiaramonte, Michael V.] Arizona State Univ, Dept Ind Engn, Ira A Fulton Sch Engn, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
[Chiaramonte, Laurel M.] Mike Ocallaghan Fed Hosp, Nellis AFB, NV 89191 USA.
RP Chiaramonte, MV (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Dept Ind Engn, Ira A Fulton Sch Engn, 22391 N Dietz Dr Maricopa, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
EM michael.chiaramonte@asu.edu
NR 15
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 9
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0925-5273
J9 INT J PROD ECON
JI Int. J. Prod. Econ.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 114
IS 2
BP 697
EP 713
DI 10.1016/j.ijpe.2008.03.004
PG 17
WC Engineering, Industrial; Engineering, Manufacturing; Operations Research
& Management Science
SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science
GA 334VT
UT WOS:000258250100019
ER
PT J
AU Shiels, MS
Cole, SR
Wegner, S
Armenian, H
Chmiel, JS
Ganesan, A
Marconi, VC
Martinez-Maza, O
Martinson, J
Weintrob, A
Jacobson, LP
Crum-Cianflone, NF
AF Shiels, Meredith S.
Cole, Stephen R.
Wegner, Scott
Armenian, Haroutune
Chmiel, Joan S.
Ganesan, Anuradha
Marconi, Vincent C.
Martinez-Maza, Otoniel
Martinson, Jeremy
Weintrob, Amy
Jacobson, Lisa P.
Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F.
TI Effect of HAART on incident cancer and noncancer AIDS events among male
HIV seroconverters
SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Initative to Decrease Cardiovascular Risk and Increase
Quality of Care for Patients Living with HIV/AIDS
CY JUN 28-30, 2007
CL Chicago, IL
DE highly active antiretroviral therapy; cancers; Kaposi sarcoma;
AIDS-associated lymphoma; opportunistic infections; epidemiology
ID ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; MARGINAL
STRUCTURAL MODELS; COMPETING RISKS; DEFINING ILLNESSES;
CONTROLLED-TRIAL; KAPOSIS-SARCOMA; DEATH; INFECTION; COHORT
AB Objective: To explore the impact of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) on the prevention of AIDS-defining cancers relative to other AIDS-defining events.
Design: Prospective cohort study using 2121 HIV+ male seroconverters (median age: 28 years, 51% white/non-Hispanic) in the Tri-Service AIDS Clinical Consortium (n = 1694) and the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (n = 427).
Methods: Poisson regression models, with calendar periods to represent antiretroviral therapy, were extended to analyze first incident AIDS-defining cancers and other first AIDS-defining events as competing risks.
Results: Eighty-one AIDS-defining cancers (64 Kaposi sarcomas; 17 non-Hodgkin lymphomas) and 343 other AIDS events occurred during 14,483 person-years in 1990-2006. The rate ratio of AIDS-defining cancers during the HAART calendar period was 0.26 (95% confidence limits: 0.15, 0.46) and of other AIDS-defining events was 0.28 (95% confidence limits: 0.21, 0.36) compared with the monotherapy/combination therapy calendar period, adjusting for age, infection duration, race, and cohort. The association of HAART with decreased AIDS incidence seemed to be equal (interaction ratio = 0.95 (95% confidence limits: 0.51, 1.74) for AIDS-defining cancers and other AIDS-defining events.
Conclusions: In human immunodeficiency virus-infected men, HAART seems equally protective against first AIDS-defining cancers and other first AIDS-defining events.
C1 [Shiels, Meredith S.; Cole, Stephen R.; Armenian, Haroutune; Jacobson, Lisa P.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA.
[Wegner, Scott; Ganesan, Anuradha; Marconi, Vincent C.; Weintrob, Amy; Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Infect Dis Clin Res Program, Tri Serv AIDS Clin Consortium, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
[Chmiel, Joan S.] NW Univ Feinberg, Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Chicago, IL USA.
[Ganesan, Anuradha] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Infect Dis Clin, Bethesda, MD USA.
[Marconi, Vincent C.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA.
[Martinez-Maza, Otoniel] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Martinez-Maza, Otoniel] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Dept Immunol & Mol Genet, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Martinson, Jeremy] Univ Pittsburgh, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Infect Dis & Microbiol, Pittsburgh, PA USA.
[Weintrob, Amy] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA.
[Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F.] USN, Med Ctr, Infect Dis Clin, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
RP Shiels, MS (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, 615 N Wolfe St,Room E7133, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA.
EM mshiels@jhsph.edu
RI Martinez-Maza, Otoniel/B-2667-2009; Marconi, Vincent/N-3210-2014
OI Martinez-Maza, Otoniel/0000-0003-1364-0675; Marconi,
Vincent/0000-0001-8409-4689
FU NCI NIH HHS [T32 CA009314-26S1, T32 CA009314, T32 CA009314-27S1, T32
CA009314-28S3]; NCRR NIH HHS [5-MO1-RR-00722, M01 RR000722, M01
RR000722-23]; NIAID NIH HHS [HU0001-05-2-0011, U01 AI035039, U01
AI035039-16, U01 AI035039-17, U01 AI035040, U01 AI035040-16, U01
AI035041, U01 AI035041-10, U01 AI035041-17, U01 AI035042, U01
AI035042-11, U01 AI035042-17, U01 AI035043, U01 AI035043-10, U01
AI035043-11, U01 AI037613, U01 AI037613-08, U01 AI037984, U01
AI037984-08, UO1-AI-35039, UO1-AI-35040, UO1-AI-35041, UO1-AI-35042,
UO1-AI-35043, UO1-AI-37613, UO1-AI-37984]; NIDDK NIH HHS [U01 DK066116];
PHS HHS [HU0001-05-2-0011]
NR 44
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 0
U2 0
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 1525-4135
J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF
JI JAIDS
PD AUG 1
PY 2008
VL 48
IS 4
BP 485
EP 490
PG 6
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
GA 328OQ
UT WOS:000257808100015
PM 18614916
ER
PT J
AU Shi, L
McManamon, PF
Bos, PJ
AF Shi, Lei
McManamon, Paul F.
Bos, Philip J.
TI Liquid crystal optical phase plate with a variable in-plane gradient
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
AB We propose a nematic liquid crystal (LC) optical phase plate, with a large continuous in-plane gradient that is variable, and its application to a beam steering device with high efficiency. The device is a vertically aligned, continuous phase, optical phased array (V-COPA) that uses a negative dielectric anisotropy LC material. High steering efficiency of over 95% is demonstrated by modeling the LC director field and its effect on transmitted light. The period of the V-COPA grating can be varied by adjusting an applied voltage profile, which allows for continuous angular control of the diffraction angle. (C) 2008 American Institute of Physics.
C1 [Shi, Lei; Bos, Philip J.] Kent State Univ, Inst Liquid Crystal, Kent, OH 44242 USA.
[McManamon, Paul F.] USAF, Res Labs, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Bos, PJ (reprint author), Kent State Univ, Inst Liquid Crystal, Kent, OH 44242 USA.
EM pbos@lci.kent.edu
NR 13
TC 22
Z9 23
U1 2
U2 6
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD AUG 1
PY 2008
VL 104
IS 3
AR 033109
DI 10.1063/1.2966300
PG 7
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 338GH
UT WOS:000258493900010
ER
PT J
AU Bowman, BR
Tobiska, WK
Kendra, MJ
AF Bowman, Bruce R.
Tobiska, W. Kent
Kendra, Michael J.
TI The thermospheric semiannual density response to solar EUV heating
SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND SOLAR-TERRESTRIAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE thermosphere; solar EUV; neutral density; semiannual variation
ID AIR DENSITY; HETEROSPHERE; SOLSTICE; HEIGHTS; ORBIT
AB The goal of this study was to characterize the thermospheric semiannual density response to solar heating during the last 35 years. Historical radar observational data have been processed with special orbit perturbations on 28 satellites with perigee heights ranging from 200 to 1100 km. Approximately 225,000 very accurate average daily density values at perigee have been obtained for all satellites using orbit energy dissipation rates. The semiannual variation has been found to be extremely variable from year to year. The magnitude of the maximum yearly difference, from the July minimum to the October maximum, is used to characterize the yearly semiannual variability. It has been found that this maximum difference call vary by as much as 100% from one year to the next. A high correlation has been found between this maximum difference and solar EUV data. The semiannual variation for each year has been characterized based on analyses of annual and semiannual cycles, using Fourier analysis, and equations have been developed to characterize this yearly variability. The use of new solar indices in the EUV and FUV wavelengths is shown to very accurately describe the semiannual July minimum phase shifting and the variations in the observed yearly semiannual amplitude. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Bowman, Bruce R.] USAF Space Command, AFSPC A9AC, Peterson AFB, CO 80914 USA.
[Tobiska, W. Kent] Space Environm Technol, Pacific Palisades, CA 90272 USA.
[Kendra, Michael J.] USAF, Res Lab, AFRL RVBYB, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
RP Bowman, BR (reprint author), USAF Space Command, Colorado Springs, CO 80914 USA.
EM bruce.bowman@peterson.af.mil; ktobiska@spacenvironment.net;
michael.kendra@hanscom.af.mil
NR 22
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 2
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1364-6826
J9 J ATMOS SOL-TERR PHY
JI J. Atmos. Sol.-Terr. Phys.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 70
IS 11-12
BP 1482
EP 1496
DI 10.1016/j.jastp.2008.04.020
PG 15
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 342PZ
UT WOS:000258797300010
ER
PT J
AU Wu, JR
Moser, DK
Lennie, TA
Chung, ML
De Jong, MJ
AF Wu, Jiu-Rong
Moser, Debra K.
Lennie, Terry A.
Chung, Misook L.
De Jong, Marla J.
TI Medication adherence mediates the relationship between ethnicity and
event-free survival in patients with heart failure
SO JOURNAL OF CARDIAC FAILURE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 12th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Heart-Failure-Society-of-America
CY SEP 21-24, 2008
CL Toronto, CANADA
SP Heart Failure Soc Amer
C1 [Wu, Jiu-Rong; Moser, Debra K.; Lennie, Terry A.; Chung, Misook L.] Univ Kentucky, Coll Nursing, Lexington, KY USA.
[De Jong, Marla J.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Div Clin Res, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
NR 0
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE INC MEDICAL PUBLISHERS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA CURTIS CENTER, INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA
SN 1071-9164
J9 J CARD FAIL
JI J. Card. Fail.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 14
IS 6
SU 1
MA 311
BP S95
EP S96
DI 10.1016/j.cardfail.2008.06.267
PG 2
WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
GA 339GC
UT WOS:000258565100311
ER
PT J
AU Birman, V
Chona, R
Byrd, LW
Haney, MA
AF Birman, Victor
Chona, Ravinder
Byrd, Larry W.
Haney, Mark A.
TI Response of spatially tailored structures to thermal loading
SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS
LA English
DT Article
DE composite plates; functionally graded materials; thermal buckling;
thermal stresses
ID FUNCTIONALLY GRADED PLATES; THERMOELASTIC DEFORMATIONS; BUCKLING
ANALYSIS; STRESSES
AB The paper presents the formulation and analysis of composite plates serving as STATs, i.e., spatially tailored advanced thermal structures where the distribution of the constituent phases varies throughout the surface as well as through the thickness. This is an extension of the well-known concept of functionally graded materials (FGM) and structures with the constituent phases varying only in the latter direction. As a result of two- or three-dimensional grading it is possible to optimize the response and properties of the structure providing multitask and multi-scale optimization. The response of plates with two- or three-dimensional grading to an arbitrary thermal loading is elucidated, including the conditions that result in thermal bending versus thermal instability.
C1 [Birman, Victor] Univ Missouri Rolla, Engn Educ Ctr, St Louis, MO 63121 USA.
[Chona, Ravinder; Byrd, Larry W.; Haney, Mark A.] USAF, Res Lab, AFRL VASM, Struct Sci Ctr, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Birman, V (reprint author), Univ Missouri Rolla, Engn Educ Ctr, 1 Univ Blvd, St Louis, MO 63121 USA.
EM vbirman@umr.edu
NR 22
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 4
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-0833
J9 J ENG MATH
JI J. Eng. Math.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 61
IS 2-4
BP 201
EP 217
DI 10.1007/s10665-007-9151-9
PG 17
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary
Applications
SC Engineering; Mathematics
GA 322RI
UT WOS:000257392600009
ER
PT J
AU Jha, RM
Klimo, P
Smith, ER
AF Jha, Ruchira M.
Klimo, Paul, Jr.
Smith, Edward R.
TI Foramen magnum stenosis from overgrowth of the opisthion in a child with
achondroplasia
SO JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY-PEDIATRICS
LA English
DT Article
DE achondroplasia; cervicomedullary compression; foramen magnum stenosis;
opisthion
ID CERVICOMEDULLARY-JUNCTION COMPRESSION; DECOMPRESSION; INFANTS;
MANAGEMENT
AB Achondroplasia has a known association with foramen magnum stenosis that can result in cervicomedullary compression, which is most often due to a hypertrophied posterior occipital rim and an undersized transverse diameter. The authors present a unique case of a child with achondroplasia with symptomatic craniocervical compression from marked overgrowth of his opisthion anterior to the posterior arch of the atlas. This 22-month-old child with achondroplasia presented with severe respiratory and motor disabilities, including progressive quadriparesis and apneic episodes requiring continuous positive airway pressure. Magnetic resonance imaging and CT scans revealed marked foramen magnum stenosis from overgrowth of the opisthion, a hypoplastic C-1 ring, and spinal cord edema at the cervicomedullary junction. Foramen magnum decompression and a C-1 laminectomy were performed. Postoperatively, steady motor improvement has been observed and the patient no longer requires ventilatory support. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of this unusual anatomical entity.
C1 [Klimo, Paul, Jr.] 88th Med Grp, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Jha, Ruchira M.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA.
[Smith, Edward R.] Childrens Hosp, Dept Neurosurg, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
RP Klimo, P (reprint author), 88th Med Grp, 4881 Sugar Maple Dr, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM paul.klimo@wpafb.af.mil
NR 14
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER ASSOC NEUROLOGICAL SURGEONS
PI ROLLING MEADOWS
PA 5550 MEADOWBROOK DRIVE, ROLLING MEADOWS, IL 60008 USA
SN 1933-0707
J9 J NEUROSURG-PEDIATR
JI J. Neurosurg.-Pediatr.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 2
IS 2
BP 136
EP 138
DI 10.3171/PED/2008/2/8/136
PG 3
WC Clinical Neurology; Pediatrics; Surgery
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pediatrics; Surgery
GA 330QQ
UT WOS:000257958300009
PM 18671620
ER
PT J
AU Mysliwiec, J
Miniewicz, A
Rau, I
Krupka, O
Sahraoui, B
Kajzar, F
Grote, J
AF Mysliwiec, J.
Miniewicz, A.
Rau, I.
Krupka, O.
Sahraoui, B.
Kajzar, F.
Grote, J.
TI Biopolymer-based material for optical phase conjugation
SO JOURNAL OF OPTOELECTRONICS AND ADVANCED MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE phase conjugation; holography; nonlinear optics
ID DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC-ACID; THIN-FILMS; DNA; DIFFRACTION; HOLOGRAPHY;
COMPLEXES; MOLECULES; POLYMERS; KINETICS
AB We present results of optical phase conjugation experiments in modified DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) - dye system. The system consisted of a biopolymeric matrix made of DNA blended with cationic surfactant molecule cetyltrimethyl-ammonium chloride (CTMA) and doped with a photochromic dye Disperse Red 1. Results were obtained in a typical degenerate four wave mixing experiment. For sample excitation we used linearly polarized light at a wavelength 514.5 nm, delivered by an argon ion (Ar(+)) laser. The phase conjugated signal which emerged from the sample had rise and fall time constants of a few milliseconds with an excellent reversibility.
C1 [Mysliwiec, J.; Miniewicz, A.] Wroclaw Univ Technol, Inst Phys & Theoret Chem, PL-50370 Wroclaw, Poland.
[Rau, I.] Univ Politehn Bucuresti, Fac Appl Chem & Mat Sci, Bucharest, Romania.
[Krupka, O.; Sahraoui, B.; Kajzar, F.] Univ Angers, Lab POMA CNRS UMR 6136, F-49045 Angers, France.
[Grote, J.] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Mysliwiec, J (reprint author), Wroclaw Univ Technol, Inst Phys & Theoret Chem, Wyb Wyspianskiego 27, PL-50370 Wroclaw, Poland.
EM jaroslaw.mysliwiec@pwr.wroc.pi
RI Mysliwiec, Jaroslaw/B-5198-2015; RAU, ILEANA/A-8981-2008;
OI RAU, ILEANA/0000-0002-0780-9502; Miniewicz, Andrzej/0000-0003-2470-6246
NR 28
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 0
PU NATL INST OPTOELECTRONICS
PI BUCHAREST-MAGURELE
PA 1 ATOMISTILOR ST, PO BOX MG-5, BUCHAREST-MAGURELE 76900, ROMANIA
SN 1454-4164
J9 J OPTOELECTRON ADV M
JI J. Optoelectron. Adv. Mater.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 10
IS 8
BP 2146
EP 2150
PG 5
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Materials Science; Optics; Physics
GA 330SG
UT WOS:000257962500054
ER
PT J
AU Allibhai, TF
Spinella, PC
Meyer, MT
Hall, BH
Kofos, D
DiGeronimo, RJ
AF Allibhai, Taslim F.
Spinella, Philip C.
Meyer, Michael T.
Hall, Brian H.
Kofos, Daniel
DiGeronimo, Robert J.
TI Survival after prolonged pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
support for adenoviral pneumonia
SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC SURGERY
LA English
DT Article
DE viral pneumonia; ECMO; adenovirus; ELSO; extracorporeal life support
ID RESPIRATORY-DISTRESS-SYNDROME; INFECTION
AB Adenoviral pneumonia can cause significant pulmonary morbidity leading to extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) rescue. Reported survival of adenoviral pneumonia requiring ECMO has been poor, and prolonged time on ECMO is associated with increased mortality. We present 2 pediatric cases of adenoviral pneumonia in patients who survived after greater than 30 days on ECMO and review the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization (ELSO) registry to describe the collective experience of children with viral pneumonia requiring prolonged ECMO. Although survival has improved over the past decade for pediatric adenoviral pneumonia, the ELSO database previously has had no surviving children reported with a primary diagnosis of adenovirus after more than 4 weeks oil ECMO. Our experience suggests that there may be use for prolonged ECMO support in children despite severe adenoviral pneumonia, Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 [Allibhai, Taslim F.; Spinella, Philip C.; Meyer, Michael T.; Hall, Brian H.; DiGeronimo, Robert J.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA.
[Kofos, Daniel] Methodist Childrens Hosp, Dept Pediat, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA.
RP Allibhai, TF (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA.
EM taslim.allibhai@lackland.af.mil
NR 12
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 0
PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA
SN 0022-3468
J9 J PEDIATR SURG
JI J. Pediatr. Surg.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 43
IS 8
AR E9
DI 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2008.03.065
PG 3
WC Pediatrics; Surgery
SC Pediatrics; Surgery
GA 339QQ
UT WOS:000258592500040
PM 18675627
ER
PT J
AU Garcia, RDM
Siewert, CE
Yacout, AM
AF Garcia, R. D. M.
Siewert, C. E.
Yacout, A. M.
TI Radiative transfer in a multi-layer medium subject to Fresnel boundary
and interface conditions and uniform illumination by obliquely incident
parallel rays
SO JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER
LA English
DT Article
ID ATMOSPHERE-OCEAN SYSTEM; ANISOTROPIC SCATTERING; TRANSPORT; EQUATION;
SLAB
AB The ADO (analytical discrete ordinates) method, a pre-processing procedure, and the break-point analysis developed for azimuthally symmetric problems in a previous work are generalized and used to solve a radiative-transfer problem defined by a finite, plane-parallel, multi-layer medium subject to Fresnel boundary and interface conditions and uniform illumination in the form of obliquely incident parallel rays. Illumination is modeled by Dirac distributions in each of the two angles (polar and azimuthal) that define the direction of propagation of the incident rays. Accurate numerical results are tabulated for two sets of test problems. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Garcia, R. D. M.] Inst Estudos Avancados, BR-12228001 Sao Jose Dos Campos, SP, Brazil.
[Siewert, C. E.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Math, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Yacout, A. M.] Appl Res Associates Inc, Tyndall AFB, FL 32403 USA.
RP Garcia, RDM (reprint author), Inst Estudos Avancados, Rodovia Tamoios Km 5-5, BR-12228001 Sao Jose Dos Campos, SP, Brazil.
EM rdmgarcia@uol.com.br
RI Garcia, Roberto/D-3955-2014
NR 25
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 5
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0022-4073
J9 J QUANT SPECTROSC RA
JI J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transf.
PD AUG-SEP
PY 2008
VL 109
IS 12-13
BP 2151
EP 2170
DI 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2008.03.012
PG 20
WC Optics; Spectroscopy
SC Optics; Spectroscopy
GA 330TT
UT WOS:000257966400002
ER
PT J
AU Sutherland, RL
Mathger, LM
Hanlon, RT
Urbas, AM
Stone, MO
AF Sutherland, Richard L.
Mathger, Lydia M.
Hanlon, Roger T.
Urbas, Augustine M.
Stone, Morley O.
TI Cephalopod coloration model. II. Multiple layer skin effects
SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA A-OPTICS IMAGE SCIENCE AND
VISION
LA English
DT Article
ID CUTTLEFISH SEPIA-OFFICINALIS; SPECTRAL OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; SQUID;
CHROMATOPHORES; IRIDOPHORES; SCATTERING; PIGMENTS; REFLECTANCE;
VULGARIS; OCTOPUS
AB A mathematical model of multiple layer skin coloration in cephalopods, a class of aquatic animals, is presented. The model incorporates diffuse and specular reflection from both pigment and structural photonic components found in the skin of these animals. Specific physical processes of this coloration are identified and modeled utilizing available biological materials data. Several examples of combination spectra are calculated to illustrate multiple layer and incident light effects as well as the potentially rich repertoire of color schemes available to these animals. A detailed understanding of the physical principles underlying cephalopod coloration is expected to yield insights into their possible functions. (c) 2008 Optical Society of America.
C1 [Sutherland, Richard L.; Urbas, Augustine M.; Stone, Morley O.] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Sutherland, Richard L.] Sci Applicat Int Corp, Dayton, OH 45431 USA.
[Mathger, Lydia M.; Hanlon, Roger T.] Marine Resources Ctr, Marine Biol Lab, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Sutherland, RL (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, 3005 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM sutherlandr@saic.com
RI Hanlon, Roger/Q-8687-2016
OI Hanlon, Roger/0000-0003-0004-5674
FU Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency; Air Force Research Laboratory
FX We gratefully acknowledge the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
and the Air Force Research Laboratory for their support of this work. We
also thank Phil McFadden, Rajesh Naik, and Timothy Bunning for
stimulating discussions of cephalopods as well as insights into the
physical properties of cephalopod skin.
NR 22
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 21
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1084-7529
J9 J OPT SOC AM A
JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. A-Opt. Image Sci. Vis.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 25
IS 8
BP 2044
EP 2054
DI 10.1364/JOSAA.25.002044
PG 11
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 341ET
UT WOS:000258697700023
PM 18677367
ER
PT J
AU Horvath, R
Flowers, GT
Fausz, J
AF Horvath, Roland
Flowers, George T.
Fausz, Jerry
TI Passive balancing of rotor systems using pendulum balancers
SO JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND ACOUSTICS-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
LA English
DT Article
DE self-balancing; automatic balancer; pendulum balancer
ID AUTOMATIC BALL BALANCER; FRICTION
AB Passive balancing techniques have received a great deal of attention in recent literature, with much of this work focused on ball balancer systems. However, for certain applications, balancing systems that use pendulums rather than rolling balls may offer distinctly improved balancing precision. This investigation seeks to provide additional insight into the performance and expected behavior of such systems. A simulation model is developed for a pendulum balancer system with isotropic supports and analyzed in detail. The influence of shaft location and friction on balancing effectiveness is considered and evaluated. In this regard, the dynamic characteristics of a pendulum balancer system are analyzed and compared to a similar ball balancer system. The conclusions and observations from the analysis and simulation studies are demonstrated and tested in a series of experimental studies.
C1 [Horvath, Roland; Flowers, George T.] Auburn Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.
[Fausz, Jerry] USAF, Res Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM USA.
RP Horvath, R (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.
EM horvaro@auburn.edu; gflowers@eng.auburn.edu; jerry.fausz@kirtland.af.mil
NR 9
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 7
PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
SN 1048-9002
J9 J VIB ACOUST
JI J. Vib. Acoust.-Trans. ASME
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 130
IS 4
AR 041011
DI 10.1115/1.2731401
PG 11
WC Acoustics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics
SC Acoustics; Engineering; Mechanics
GA 327YN
UT WOS:000257764500011
ER
PT J
AU Kothera, CS
Leo, DJ
Lacy, SL
AF Kothera, Curt S.
Leo, Donald J.
Lacy, Seth L.
TI Characterization and modeling of the nonlinear response of ionic polymer
actuators
SO JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND CONTROL
LA English
DT Article
DE ionic polymer; nonlinear; characterization; identification; modeling
ID METAL COMPOSITES; ELECTROMECHANICAL PROPERTIES; TRANSDUCERS; MEMBRANE
AB Ionic polymers are compliant, low density materials that operate under low voltage levels as transducers. They can be used as both sensors and actuators for various applications, primarily those involving flexible structures. While some debate continues over the dominant physical mechanisms of actuation, several model forms have been proposed. The majority of these existing models are linear relationships between the applied potential and the strain generated. However, nonlinear characteristics have been observed in both the electrical and mechanical response of cantilever actuators, including harmonic distortion in the sinusoidal time response and a shifting frequency response for increased input levels. Characterization results indicate that the nonlinear mechanisms are dynamic, since they have dominance at low frequencies, but are essentially negligible as the excitation frequency increases. This research uses knowledge gained from the characterization results to develop a dynamic model that can predict the observed nonlinear behavior. The empirical model is constructed from input-output data collected using a Gaussian input cur-rent signal and is validated against the measured frequency response function and single-frequency sinusoidal responses. The basic model form has a dynamic nonlinearity on the input to an underlying nonlinear system.
C1 [Kothera, Curt S.; Leo, Donald J.] Virginia Tech, Dept Mech Engn, Ctr Intelligent Mat Syst & Struct, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
[Lacy, Seth L.] USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA.
RP Kothera, CS (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Mech Engn, Ctr Intelligent Mat Syst & Struct, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
EM ckothera@vt.edu
FU National Science Foundation [CMS-0093889]; Virginia Space Grant
Consortium
FX This work vi,as supported by the National Science Foundation, grant
number CMS-0093889. Supplemental funding vas also provided by the
Virginia Space Grant Consortium. The authors greatly appreciate this
support.
NR 24
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 3
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND
SN 1077-5463
J9 J VIB CONTROL
JI J. Vib. Control
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 14
IS 8
BP 1151
EP 1173
DI 10.1177/1077546307080227
PG 23
WC Acoustics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics
SC Acoustics; Engineering; Mechanics
GA 338UV
UT WOS:000258535800004
ER
PT J
AU Mullis, RT
AF Mullis, Roy T. (Tommy)
TI Air force nondestructive testing procedure qualification process
SO MATERIALS EVALUATION
LA English
DT Article
C1 Engn Directorate, Warner Robins Air Logist Ctr, Robins AFB, GA 31098 USA.
RP Mullis, RT (reprint author), Engn Directorate, Warner Robins Air Logist Ctr, 450 3rd St, Robins AFB, GA 31098 USA.
EM tommy.mullis@robins.af.mil
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC NONDESTRUCTIVE TEST
PI COLUMBUS
PA 1711 ARLINGATE LANE PO BOX 28518, COLUMBUS, OH 43228-0518 USA
SN 0025-5327
J9 MATER EVAL
JI Mater. Eval.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 66
IS 8
BP 821
EP 824
PG 4
WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing
SC Materials Science
GA 339GA
UT WOS:000258564900002
ER
PT J
AU Black, JT
Smith, SW
Leifer, J
Bradford, LJ
AF Black, Jonathan T.
Smith, Suzanne Weaver
Leifer, Jack
Bradford, Larry J.
TI Local testing and reduced model validation of thermal-formed thin-film
polyimide panels
SO MECHANICAL SYSTEMS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 2nd International Conference on Mechatronics Systems and Materials
CY AUG 31-SEP 03, 2006
CL Cracow, POLAND
SP Network Excellence, European Structural Integr Soc, Opole Univ Technol, Dept Mech & Machine Design, Opole Branch Polish Soc Theoret & Appl Mech, Vilnius Gediminas Tech Univ, Kaunas Univ Technol, AGH Univ Sci & Technol
DE physics-based hybrid modeling; nonlinear static; lightweight panels;
thermal formed; thin-film structures
ID SPACE STRUCTURES; TORUS
AB Stiff, ultra-lightweight thermal-formed polyimide panels considered here are examples of next-generation gossamer structures that resolve some of the technology barriers of previous, membrane-dominated gossamer designs while maintaining their low mass and low stowage volume characteristics. The research involved statically characterizing and modeling several of these panels to develop validated computer models which can be used to determine the effects of changing manufacturing parameters and scalability. Static characterization showed substantial local nonlinear behavior that was replicated by new physics-based finite element models in which the test data were used to define model parameters. These simple nonlinear spring models were significantly smaller than shell element models of the same structure and exhibited superior performance by closely matching the experimental data. Overall, the research contributes to the total knowledge base of gossamer technologies, advances stiff panel-based structures toward space qualification, and demonstrates their potential for use in apertures and other spacecraft. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Black, Jonathan T.] USAF, Inst Technol, ENY, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Black, Jonathan T.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Mech Engn, Lexington, KY 40506 USA.
[Leifer, Jack] Trinity Univ, San Antonio, TX 78212 USA.
RP Black, JT (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, ENY, Bldg 640,2950 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM jonathan.black@afit.edu; ssmith@engr.uky.edu; jack.leifer@trinity.edu;
bradford.cat@mindspring.com
RI Black, Jonathan/R-4875-2016
OI Black, Jonathan/0000-0001-9315-3994
NR 14
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0888-3270
J9 MECH SYST SIGNAL PR
JI Mech. Syst. Signal Proc.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 22
IS 6
BP 1412
EP 1426
DI 10.1016/j.ymssp.2007.11.010
PG 15
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA 320MO
UT WOS:000257239400015
ER
PT J
AU Senkov, ON
Miracle, DB
Keppens, V
Liaw, PK
AF Senkov, O. N.
Miracle, D. B.
Keppens, V.
Liaw, P. K.
TI Development and characterization of low-density Ca-based bulk metallic
glasses: An overview
SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND
MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 4th International Conference on Bulk Metallic Glasses
CY MAY 01-05, 2005
CL Gatlinburg, TN
ID FORMING ABILITY; MG-ZN; THERMAL-STABILITY; SUPERCOOLED LIQUID;
THERMODYNAMIC APPROACH; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; OXIDATION BEHAVIOR;
STRUCTURAL MODEL; AMORPHOUS-ALLOYS; CORROSION
AB Ca-based bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) have unique properties and represent a new seventh group of BMGs. Many of them have excellent GFA, which can be related to their efficient atomic packing, low onset driving force for crystallization, and high viscosity (high relaxation time) of the supercooled liquid. The Ca-based glasses have the lowest density and elastic moduli among all BMGs discovered to date. Unfortunately, as many other glasses, Ca-based BMGs are brittle below the glass transition temperature, and they also have marginal oxidation and corrosion resistance. The latter can be improved by proper selection of alloying elements. In this article, we review recent work on the development of low-density Ca-based BMGs and discuss the effect of alloy composition on the thermal, physical, and chemical properties of these glasses.
C1 [Senkov, O. N.] UES Inc, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
[Miracle, D. B.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Keppens, V.; Liaw, P. K.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
RP Senkov, ON (reprint author), UES Inc, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
EM oleg.senkov@wpafb.af.mil
RI Senkov, Oleg/C-7197-2012
OI Senkov, Oleg/0000-0001-5587-415X
NR 67
TC 35
Z9 36
U1 2
U2 19
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1073-5623
J9 METALL MATER TRANS A
JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 39A
IS 8
BP 1888
EP 1900
DI 10.1007/s11661-007-9334-z
PG 13
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 315NL
UT WOS:000256886600019
ER
PT J
AU Senkov, ON
Scott, JM
Miracle, DB
AF Senkov, O. N.
Scott, J. M.
Miracle, D. B.
TI Effect of al addition on glass forming ability and glass stability of
Ca-Mg-Zn-Cu based bulk metallic glasses
SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND
MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 4th International Conference on Bulk Metallic Glasses
CY MAY 01-05, 2005
CL Gatlinburg, TN
ID THERMAL-STABILITY; STRUCTURAL MODEL; ALLOYS; BEHAVIOR
AB The effect of Al addition on glass forming ability (GFA) and stability of the glassy phase against crystallization was studied for Ca-Mg-Zn, Ca-Mg-Cu, and Ca-Mg-Zn-Cu alloys. The glassy alloys were produced by copper mold casting as wedge-shaped samples with thicknesses varying from 0.5 to 10 mm. Thermal properties, such as glass transition, crystallization and melting temperatures, as well as heats of crystallization and melting, were determined for the produced glasses. Partial substitution of Zn or Cu with Al was found to improve the glass stability (GS) against the general tendency to reduce the GFA.
C1 [Senkov, O. N.; Scott, J. M.] UES Inc, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
[Miracle, D. B.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
RP Senkov, ON (reprint author), UES Inc, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
EM oleg.senkov@wpafb.af.mil
RI Senkov, Oleg/C-7197-2012
OI Senkov, Oleg/0000-0001-5587-415X
NR 21
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 10
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1073-5623
J9 METALL MATER TRANS A
JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 39A
IS 8
BP 1901
EP 1907
DI 10.1007/s11661-007-9255-x
PG 7
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 315NL
UT WOS:000256886600020
ER
PT J
AU Kalinich, JF
Vergara, VB
Emond, CA
AF Kalinich, John F.
Vergara, Vemieda B.
Emond, Christy A.
TI Urinary and serum metal levels as indicators of embedded tungsten alloy
fragments
SO MILITARY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Meeting of the Toxic-Embedded-Fragment-Center-Expert-Panel
CY JAN 09, 2008
CL Baltimore, MD
SP Tox Embedded Fragment Ctr Expert Panel
ID DEPLETED URANIUM; GULF-WAR; RATS; CREATININE; TOXICITY; VETERANS;
SHRAPNEL
AB Novel metal formulations are being used with increasing frequency on the modem battlefield. In many cases the health effects of these materials are not known, especially when they are embedded as fragments. Imaging techniques, although useful for determining location, provide no information regarding the composition of embedded fragments. In this report, we show that laboratory rats implanted with weapons-grade tungsten alloy (tungsten, nickel, and cobalt) pellets demonstrate significant increases in both urinary and serum levels of tungsten, nickel, and cobalt, which indicates that such measurements can provide information on the composition of embedded fragments. We also propose that, in addition to the requirements promulgated by the recent directive on analysis of metal fragments removed from Department of Defense personnel (Health Affairs policy 07-029), urine and blood/serum samples should be collected from personnel and analyzed for metal content. Such measurements could yield information on the composition of retained fragments and provide the basis for further treatment options.
C1 [Kalinich, John F.; Vergara, Vemieda B.; Emond, Christy A.] Uniformed Services Univ, USAF, Radiobiol Res Inst, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA.
RP Kalinich, JF (reprint author), Uniformed Services Univ, USAF, Radiobiol Res Inst, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA.
NR 22
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 3
PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US
PI BETHESDA
PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0026-4075
J9 MIL MED
JI Milit. Med.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 173
IS 8
BP 754
EP 758
PG 5
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 337DS
UT WOS:000258416300008
PM 18751592
ER
PT J
AU Rodriquez, D
Branson, R
Barnes, SA
Johannigman, JA
AF Rodriquez, Dario, Jr.
Branson, Richard
Barnes, Stephen A.
Johannigman, Jay A.
TI Battery life of the "Four-Hour" lithium ion battery of the LTV-1000
under varying workloads
SO MILITARY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 53rd International Respiratory Congress of the
American-Association-for-Respiratory-Care
CY DEC 01-04, 2007
CL Orlando, FL
SP Amer Assoc Respiratory Care
ID PRESSURE CONTROL VENTILATION
AB Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the effects of inspired oxygen concentration (FIO2), positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP), and breath type on the battery life of the LTV-1000 external lithium ion battery (LiB). Methods: An LTV-1000 ventilator and external LiB were tested in the laboratory. The ventilator was operated using pressure and volume breaths set to deliver a tidal volume of 750 mL. FIO2 was varied from room air (0.21) to 1.0. PEEP was set a 0, 10, and 20 cm of H2O. Duration of operation was determined from measurements of delivered tidal volume. Results: At a baseline of volume control at an FIO2 of 0.21 and a PEEP of 0 cm of H2O, the ventilator operated for 300 +/- 11.6 minutes. Increasing FIO2 to 1.0 reduced battery life to 247 +/- 2.1 minute (p < 0.001). The addition of PEEP to 20 cm of H2O reduced battery life to 211 +/- 3.5 minutes (p < 0.001). The combination of FIO2 of 1.0 and PEEP of 20 cm of H2O further reduced battery life to 188 +/- 6.3 minutes (p < 0.001). At the baseline FIO2 and PEEP (0.21 and 0 cm of H2O), the use of pressure control reduced battery life to 142 +/- 3.5 minutes. Conclusions: Battery life of the external LiB is significantly reduced by the use of pressure control, increasing PEEP, and increasing FIO2. This information is critical to resource planning for medical missions.
C1 [Rodriquez, Dario, Jr.; Barnes, Stephen A.] USAF, CSTARS, Cincinnati, OH 45219 USA.
[Branson, Richard; Johannigman, Jay A.] Univ Cincinnati, Div Trauma & Crit Care, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA.
RP Rodriquez, D (reprint author), USAF, CSTARS, 234 Goodman St, Cincinnati, OH 45219 USA.
NR 4
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US
PI BETHESDA
PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0026-4075
J9 MIL MED
JI Milit. Med.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 173
IS 8
BP 792
EP 795
PG 4
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 337DS
UT WOS:000258416300015
PM 18751599
ER
PT J
AU Plurad, D
Blaschke, G
Jones, S
Pfeiffer, J
AF Plurad, David
Blaschke, Gregoty
Jones, Shari
Pfeiffer, James
TI A case of malignant hyperthermia in a child encountered during a
humanitarian assistance mission to the Philippines
SO MILITARY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID SUSCEPTIBILITY
AB Potentially fatal operating room events have become largely preventable with advances in anesthesia and surgical technique. Nonetheless, some lethal emergencies remain unpredictable and can occur whenever general anesthesia is given. We describe a case of malignant hyperthermia encountered and treated during surgical operations concurrent with an overseas humanitarian assistance mission. This case highlights the clinical diversity of malignant hyperthemia as well as the importance of preparation for any potential adverse event wherever trigger agents may be used from the mundane to exotic locales.
C1 [Plurad, David] LAC, Dept Surg, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA.
[Plurad, David] USC, Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA.
[Blaschke, Gregoty] USN Hosp, Dept Pediat, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
[Jones, Shari] USN Hosp, Dept Anesthesia, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
[Pfeiffer, James] 3rd Med Grp, Elmendorf AFB, AK 99506 USA.
RP Plurad, D (reprint author), LAC, Dept Surg, 1200 N State St,Room 6341, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA.
NR 10
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US
PI BETHESDA
PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0026-4075
J9 MIL MED
JI Milit. Med.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 173
IS 8
BP 805
EP 808
PG 4
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 337DS
UT WOS:000258416300018
PM 18751602
ER
PT J
AU Walker, DD
Johnson, ML
Craig-Gray, RW
Loyd, F
AF Walker, Dennis D.
Johnson, Monica L.
Craig-Gray, Robert W.
Loyd, Frank
TI Brugada syndrome in an active duty air force senior pilot
SO MILITARY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID SUDDEN CARDIAC DEATH; ST SEGMENT ELEVATION; BUNDLE-BRANCH BLOCK; 2ND
CONSENSUS CONFERENCE; VENTRICULAR-FIBRILLATION; ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHIC
PATTERN; PROGNOSTIC VALUE; PATIENT; HEART
AB Introduction: Brugada syndrome describes a subgroup of patients at risk for polymorphic ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation, and sudden cardiac death and is likely underdiagnosed among aviators. Case Report: A 40-year-old male pilot presented to the clinic for his physical. He denied any symptoms on initial questioning. Subsequent electrocardiogram (ECG) revealed premature ventricular couplets with ST-segment elevation in V, and V, of the precordial leads with T-wave abnormalities. Discussion: Special care must be taken if ECG demonstrates a Brugada pattern-especially in patients with a history of syncope or a family history of sudden death. Recent studies have confirmed a significant risk reduction in symptomatic patients with type I Brugada to as low as 0.8% to 3% with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator. Conclusion: Symptomatic patients displaying type 1 Brugada ECG (spontaneous or after sodium channel blockade) should receive an implantable cardioverter defibrillator and must be permanently disqualified. The Aeromedical Consultation Service should review all cases of Brugada syndrome and render a return to fly for asymptomatic nondiagnostic Brugada types.
C1 [Walker, Dennis D.] FSO, Dyess AFB, TX 79607 USA.
[Johnson, Monica L.] FS, Dyess AFB, TX 79607 USA.
[Craig-Gray, Robert W.] FS, Andrews AFB, TX 79607 USA.
[Loyd, Frank] NAS JRB, FS, Ft Worth, TX 79607 USA.
RP Walker, DD (reprint author), FSO, 697 Louisiana Dr, Dyess AFB, TX 79607 USA.
NR 26
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US
PI BETHESDA
PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0026-4075
J9 MIL MED
JI Milit. Med.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 173
IS 8
BP 809
EP 813
PG 5
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 337DS
UT WOS:000258416300019
PM 18751603
ER
PT J
AU Zhdanov, BV
Knize, RJ
AF Zhdanov, B. V.
Knize, R. J.
TI Efficient diode pumped cesium vapor amplifier
SO OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE alkali lasers; optically pumped lasers
ID LASER
AB An efficient diode laser pumped Cs vapor amplifier has been demonstrated. Using a 2 cm long Cs vapor cell pumped by an 18 W laser diode array, an amplification factor of 145 for low power Cs laser radiation was achieved. Such an amplifier or chain of amplifiers can significantly simplify the use of multiple pump sources for scaling the output power of alkali lasers. (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Zhdanov, B. V.; Knize, R. J.] USAF Acad, Dept Phys, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
RP Zhdanov, BV (reprint author), USAF Acad, Dept Phys, 2354 Fairchild Dr,Suite 2A31, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
EM boris.zhdanov.ctr@usafa.edu
NR 9
TC 22
Z9 28
U1 1
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0030-4018
J9 OPT COMMUN
JI Opt. Commun.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 281
IS 15-16
BP 4068
EP 4070
DI 10.1016/j.optcom.2008.04.018
PG 3
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 322HD
UT WOS:000257364900024
ER
PT J
AU Jones, MS
Ganac, RD
Hiser, G
Hudson, NR
Le, A
Whipps, CM
AF Jones, Morris Saffold, II
Ganac, Robert D.
Hiser, Greg
Hudson, N. Ryan
Le, Andy
Whipps, Christopher M.
TI Detection of Blastocystis from stool samples using real-time PCR
SO PARASITOLOGY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID HOMINIS INFECTION; PREVALENCE; SPECIMENS; URTICARIA; ARTHRITIS
AB We developed a real-time LC PCR assay to detect a 152 bp sequence in an uncharacterized region of the Blastocystis genome. The described assay detected 11 of 11 ATCC strains of Blastocystis from subtypes 1, 3, and 4. Three of three stool samples from Oregon and California military personnel that were negative for Blastocystis by an ova and parasite test as well as a conventional PCR assay were positive for Blastocystis using our real-time LC PCR assay. Diagnosis of Blastocystis infections using this sensitive method, including DNA extraction and real-time PCR, only requires 3 h. The lower limit of detection for Blastocystis in stool using the real-time LC PCR assay was calculated to be 760 cells of Blastocystis per 100 mg of stool, an estimated 760 parasites per reaction. The assay did not cross-react with Ruminococcus hansenii, Anarococcus hydrogenalis, Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Fusobacterium prausnitzii, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, or Lactobacillus acidophilus. Because of the ease of use, sensitivity, specificity, and increase in Blastocystis infections in the USA we believe this assay has the potential to be useful as a clinical diagnosis tool of Blastocystis infection.
C1 [Jones, Morris Saffold, II; Ganac, Robert D.; Hiser, Greg; Hudson, N. Ryan; Le, Andy] David Grant USAF, Med Ctr, Travis AFB, CA 94535 USA.
[Whipps, Christopher M.] SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA.
RP Jones, MS (reprint author), David Grant USAF, Med Ctr, 101 Bodin Circle, Travis AFB, CA 94535 USA.
EM drmorrisj@yahoo.com
OI Whipps, Christopher/0000-0001-6139-0426
NR 26
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0932-0113
J9 PARASITOL RES
JI Parasitol. Res.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 103
IS 3
BP 551
EP 557
DI 10.1007/s00436-008-1006-4
PG 7
WC Parasitology
SC Parasitology
GA 323RJ
UT WOS:000257465500011
PM 18488250
ER
PT J
AU Rodriguez, JP
Barnes, PN
Varanasi, CV
AF Rodriguez, J. P.
Barnes, P. N.
Varanasi, C. V.
TI In-field critical current of type-II superconductors caused by strain
from nanoscale columnar inclusions
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
AB The results of a linear elasticity analysis yields that nanorod inclusions aligned along the c axis of a thin film of YBa(2)Cu(3)O(7-delta), such as BaZrO(3) and BaSnO(3), squeeze that matrix by pure shear. The sensitivity of the superconducting critical temperature in that material to the latter implies that the phase boundary separating the nanorod inclusion from the superconductor acts as a collective pinning center for the vortex lattice that appears in external magnetic field. A dominant contribution to the in-field critical current can result. The elasticity analysis also yields that the growth of nanorod inclusions can be weakly metastable when the inclusion is softer than the matrix.
C1 [Rodriguez, J. P.] Calif State Univ Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90032 USA.
[Barnes, P. N.] USAF, Res Lab, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
[Varanasi, C. V.] Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
RP Rodriguez, JP (reprint author), Calif State Univ Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90032 USA.
FU U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-06-1-0479]
FX The authors thank George Levin for the discussions. This work was
supported in part by the U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research
under Grant No. FA9550-06-1-0479.
NR 10
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 78
IS 5
AR 052505
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.78.052505
PG 4
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 350QM
UT WOS:000259368200022
ER
PT J
AU Hartschuh, RD
Wargacki, SP
Xiong, H
Neiswinger, J
Kisliuk, A
Sihn, S
Ward, V
Vaia, RA
Sokolov, AP
AF Hartschuh, R. D.
Wargacki, S. P.
Xiong, H.
Neiswinger, Ji.
Kisliuk, A.
Sihn, S.
Ward, V.
Vaia, R. A.
Sokolov, A. P.
TI How rigid are viruses
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E
LA English
DT Article
ID TOBACCO-MOSAIC-VIRUS; ELASTIC PROPERTIES; CRYSTALS; DNA; SCATTERING;
CONSTANTS; CAPSIDS; FILMS
AB Viruses have traditionally been studied as pathogens, but in recent years they have been adapted for applications ranging from drug delivery and gene therapy to nanotechnology, photonics, and electronics. Although the structures of many viruses are known, most of their biophysical properties remain largely unexplored. Using Brillouin light scattering, we analyzed the mechanical rigidity, intervirion coupling, and vibrational eigenmodes of Wiseana iridovirus (WIV). We identified phonon modes propagating through the viral assemblies as well as the localized vibrational eigenmode of individual viruses. The measurements indicate a Young's modulus of similar to 7 GPa for single virus particles and their assemblies, surprisingly high for "soft" materials. Mechanical modeling confirms that the DNA core dominates the WIV rigidity. The results also indicate a peculiar mechanical coupling during self-assembly of WIV particles.
C1 [Hartschuh, R. D.; Xiong, H.; Neiswinger, Ji.; Kisliuk, A.; Sokolov, A. P.] Univ Akron, Dept Polymer Sci, Akron, OH 44325 USA.
[Wargacki, S. P.; Vaia, R. A.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Sihn, S.] Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Multi Scale Composites & Polymers Div, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
[Ward, V.] Univ Otago, Dept Microbiol, Otago Sch Med Sci, Dunedin, New Zealand.
RP Sokolov, AP (reprint author), Univ Akron, Dept Polymer Sci, Akron, OH 44325 USA.
EM alexei@uakron.edu
FU AFRL; AFOSR; NSF
FX The Akron team appreciates financial support from AFRL and AFOSR through
the Cooperative Center in Polymer Photonics. R.D.H. thanks the NSF for
support and J.N. thanks the NSF REU program for the financial support.
NR 32
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 2
U2 15
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1539-3755
J9 PHYS REV E
JI Phys. Rev. E
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 78
IS 2
AR 021907
DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.78.021907
PN 1
PG 9
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical
SC Physics
GA 349EH
UT WOS:000259263600095
PM 18850865
ER
PT J
AU Rizzetta, DP
Visbal, MR
Morgan, PE
AF Rizzetta, Donald P.
Visbal, Miguel R.
Morgan, Philip E.
TI A high-order compact finite-difference scheme for large-eddy simulation
of active flow control
SO PROGRESS IN AEROSPACE SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT AIAA 46th Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit
CY JAN 07-10, 2008
CL Reno, NV
ID LOW-PRESSURE TURBINE; NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS; VORTEX-GENERATOR JETS;
WALL-MOUNTED HUMP; SEPARATION CONTROL; FLUID-DYNAMICS;
NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; FLOWFIELDS; PLASMA; MESHES
AB The purpose of this article is to summarize a computational approach, which developed and matured over an extended period of time, and has been shown to be useful for performing large-eddy Simulation (LES) of flows with active control. Because of the nature of active flow control, simulation of this class of problems typically cannot be carried out accurately by methods less sophisticated than LES. Active control flowfields are highly unsteady, and can be characterized by small-scale fluid structures which are produced by the control process, but may also be inherent in the original uncontrolled situation. The numerical scheme is predicated upon an implicit time-marching algorithm, and utilizes a high-order compact finite-difference approximation to represent spatial derivatives. Robustness of the scheme is maintained by employing a low-pass Pade-type nondispersive spatial filter, which also accounts for the fine-scale turbulent dissipation that otherwise is traditionally provided by an explicitly added subgrid-scale (SGS) stress model. Geometrically complex applications are accommodated by an overset grid technique, where spatial accuracy is preserved through use of high-order interpolation. Utility of the method is illustrated by specific computational examples, including suppression of acoustic resonance in supersonic cavity flow, leading-edge vortex control of a delta wing, efficiency enhancement of a transitional highly loaded low-pressure turbine blade, and separation control of a wall-mounted hump model. Control techniques represented in these examples are comprised of both steady and pulsed mass injection or removal, as well as plasma-based actuation. For each case, features of the flowfield are elucidated and the solutions are compared to the baseline situation where no control was enforced. Where available, comparisons are also made with experimental data. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Rizzetta, Donald P.] USAF, Res Lab, Computat Sci Branch, RBAC, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Rizzetta, DP (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Computat Sci Branch, RBAC, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM Donald.Rizzetta@wpafb.af.mil
NR 84
TC 30
Z9 33
U1 3
U2 21
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0376-0421
J9 PROG AEROSP SCI
JI Prog. Aeosp. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 44
IS 6
BP 397
EP 426
DI 10.1016/j.paerosci.2008.06.003
PG 30
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 358CJ
UT WOS:000259893900003
ER
PT J
AU Buchanan, DJ
John, R
AF Buchanan, Dennis J.
John, Reji
TI Relaxation of shot-peened residual stresses under creep loading
SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE creep; X-ray diffraction; nickel alloy; residual stresses; relaxation
AB Creep tests on shot-peened nickel-base superalloy specimens, subject to applied stresses near and above monotonic yield, have been performed to characterize residual stress relaxation under sustained loading at 650 degrees C in IN100. Retained residual stress-depth profiles, measured on crept samples, show that yielding during initial loading produces the largest change in the residual stress profile. Furthermore, it is shown that applied stresses below yield exhibit similar retained residual stress profiles in the axial and transverse orientations. (c) 2008 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Buchanan, Dennis J.; John, Reji] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, RXLMN, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Buchanan, Dennis J.] Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
RP Buchanan, DJ (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, RXLMN, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM dennis.buchanan@wpafb.af.mil
NR 14
TC 16
Z9 19
U1 0
U2 4
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6462
J9 SCRIPTA MATER
JI Scr. Mater.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 59
IS 3
BP 286
EP 289
DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2008.03.021
PG 4
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy &
Metallurgical Engineering
GA 326IM
UT WOS:000257651800007
ER
PT J
AU Caldwell, JA
Caldwell, JL
Schmidt, RM
AF Caldwell, John A.
Caldwell, J. Lynn
Schmidt, Regina M.
TI Alertness management strategies for operational contexts
SO SLEEP MEDICINE REVIEWS
LA English
DT Review
DE fatigue management; occupational health and safety; alertness; steep
deprivation; fatigue detection
ID DISORDERS CONSENSUS REPORT; HUMAN CIRCADIAN-RHYTHMS; SLEEP RESTRICTION;
JET-LAG; INDIVIDUAL-DIFFERENCES; SHIFT WORK; DRIVER FATIGUE; PERFORMANCE
DEGRADATION; PROLONGED WAKEFULNESS; DAYTIME SLEEPINESS
AB This review addresses the problem of fatigue (on-the-job-sleepiness) attributable to steep toss in modern society and the scientifically proven strategies useful for reducing fatigue-related risks. Fatigue has become pervasive because many people work non-standard schedules, and/or they consistently fait to obtain sufficient steep. Steep restriction, steep deprivation, and circadian desynchronization produce a variety of decrements in cognitive performance as well as an array of occupational and health risks. A number of real-world mishaps have resulted from performance failures associated with operator sleepiness. In some cases, fatigue/sleepiness is unavoidable, at least temporarily, due to job-related or other factors, but in other cases, fatigue/sleepiness results from poor personal choices. Furthermore, some individuals are more vulnerable to the effects of steep loss than others. Fortunately, fatigue-related risks can be mitigated with scientifically valid alertness-management strategies. Proper work/rest scheduling and good steep hygiene are of primary importance. If steep time is available but steep is difficult to obtain, steep-inducing medications and behavioral circadian-adjustment strategies are key. In fatiguing situations such as when steep opportunities are temporarily inadequate, limiting time on tasks, strategic napping, and the potential use of alertness-enhancing compounds must be considered. To optimize any alertness-management program, everyone must first be educated about the nature of the problem and the manner in which accepted remedies should be implemented. In the near future, objective fatigue-detection technologies may contribute substantially to the alleviation of fatigue-related risks in real-world operations. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Caldwell, John A.] Archinoetics LLC, Topa Financial Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA.
[Caldwell, J. Lynn; Schmidt, Regina M.] USAF, Res Lab, Biosci & Protect Div, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Caldwell, JA (reprint author), Archinoetics LLC, Topa Financial Ctr, 700 Bishop St,Suite 2000, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA.
EM john@archinoetics.com; Lynn.Caldwell@wpafb.af.mil;
Regina.Schmidt.ctr@wpafb.af.mil
NR 153
TC 36
Z9 38
U1 2
U2 13
PU W B SAUNDERS CO LTD
PI LONDON
PA 32 JAMESTOWN RD, LONDON NW1 7BY, ENGLAND
SN 1087-0792
EI 1532-2955
J9 SLEEP MED REV
JI Sleep Med. Rev.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 12
IS 4
BP 257
EP 273
DI 10.1016/j.smrv.2008.01.002
PG 17
WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 338IP
UT WOS:000258501100003
PM 18359253
ER
PT J
AU Buse, GJ
Santana, JC
AF Buse, George J.
Santana, Juan Carlos
TI Conditioning Strategies for Competitive Kickboxing
SO STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE kickboxing; conditioning; power; strength; endurance; injury prevention
AB In conjunction with sport-specific skills development, sufficient nutrition, rest, and psychological readiness, a kickboxer's success is contingent upon his or her level of conditioning. on the basis of the metabolic demands of competitive kickboxing, training should tax both the anaerobic and aerobic systems extensively. In tandem with proper conditioning, injury may be prevented through prehabilitative exercises and adherence to safety measures.
C1 [Buse, George J.] USAF, Special Operat Command, Hurlburt Field, FL USA.
[Santana, Juan Carlos] Inst Human Performance, Boca Raton, FL USA.
RP Buse, GJ (reprint author), USAF, Special Operat Command, Hurlburt Field, FL USA.
NR 36
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 15
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 1524-1602
J9 STRENGTH COND J
JI Strength Cond. J.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 30
IS 4
BP 42
EP 48
DI 10.1519/SSC.0b013e31817f19cd
PG 7
WC Sport Sciences
SC Sport Sciences
GA V12IA
UT WOS:000207591700007
ER
PT J
AU Emergo, RLS
Wu, JZ
Haugan, TJ
Barnes, PN
AF Emergo, R. L. S.
Wu, J. Z.
Haugan, T. J.
Barnes, P. N.
TI Anisotropy of the resistivity and critical current density of porous
vicinal YBa(2)Cu(3)O(7-delta) films
SO SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID THIN-FILMS; ANTIPHASE BOUNDARIES; TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES;
GROWTH-MECHANISM; PLANE; SRTIO3(001); INPLANE
AB The anisotropy of electrical transport properties of YBa(2)Cu(3)O(7-delta) (YBCO) films containing high density nanopores grown on 5 degrees, 10 degrees and 20 degrees vicinal substrates was investigated. For porous films in the normal state, the resistivity in the longitudinal direction is comparable to that of reference YBCO films without nanopores. In addition, the rho(c)/rho(ab) ratios derived from the resistivities in longitudinal and transverse directions of the porous samples fall in the same range as that of twinned single crystal YBCO. For the superconducting state, the pore surfaces provide strong magnetic pins to magnetic vortices, which leads to significantly increased critical current density J(c) along the longitudinal direction as compared to that of the reference YBCO films. This strong isotropic pore surface pinning also increased the J(c) along the transverse direction as compared to that of nonporous vicinal YBCO films. This result suggests that the effect of nanopores on the electronic structure of YBCO is minimal and the strong pore surface pinning may provide an effective way to enhance J(c) after optimization.
C1 [Emergo, R. L. S.; Wu, J. Z.] Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
[Haugan, T. J.; Barnes, P. N.] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Emergo, RLS (reprint author), Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
NR 27
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 2
U2 8
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0953-2048
J9 SUPERCOND SCI TECH
JI Supercond. Sci. Technol.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 21
IS 8
AR 085008
DI 10.1088/0953-2048/21/8/085008
PG 7
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 314XC
UT WOS:000256841500012
ER
PT J
AU Zabinski, JS
Hu, JJ
Bultman, JE
Pierce, NA
Voevodin, AA
AF Zabinski, J. S.
Hu, J. J.
Bultman, J. E.
Pierce, N. A.
Voevodin, A. A.
TI Stoichiometry and characterization of aluminum oxynitride thin films
grown by ion-beam-assisted pulsed laser deposition
SO THIN SOLID FILMS
LA English
DT Article
DE ion-beam-assisted pulsed laser deposition; alumina; aluminum oxynitride;
crystallization; hardness; thin film
ID YTTRIA-STABILIZED ZIRCONIA; CHAMELEON SURFACE ADAPTATION; NANOCOMPOSITE
COATINGS; HIGH-TEMPERATURE; TRIBOLOGICAL PERFORMANCE; LOW-FRICTION;
COMPOSITE COATINGS; DEGREES-C; MOS2; LUBRICANT
AB Oxides are inherently stable in air at elevated temperatures and may serve as wear resistant matrices for solid lubricants. Aluminum oxide is a particularly good candidate for a matrix because it has good diffusion barrier properties and modest hardness. Most thin film deposition techniques that are used to grow alumina require high temperatures to impart crystallinity. Crystalline films are about twice as hard as amorphous ones. Unfortunately, the mechanical properties of most engineering steels are degraded at temperatures above 250-350 degrees C. This work is focused on using energetic reactive ion bombardment during simultaneous pulsed laser deposition to enhance film crystallization at low temperatures.
Alumina films were grown at several background gas pressures and temperatures, with and without Ar ion bombardment. The films were nearly stoichiometric except for depositions in vacuum. Using nitrogen ion bombardment, nitrogen was incorporated into the films and formed the Al-O-N matrix. Nitrogen concentration could be controlled through selection of gas pressure and ion energy. Crystalline Al-O-N films were grown at 330 degrees C with a negative bias voltage to the substrate, and showed improved hardness in comparison to amorphous films. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Zabinski, J. S.; Hu, J. J.; Bultman, J. E.; Voevodin, A. A.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, MLBT, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Pierce, N. A.] USAF, Res Lab, Prop Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Hu, JJ (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, MLBT, Bldg 654,2941 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM Jianjun.Hu@WPAFB.AF.MIL
RI Voevodin, Andrey/I-6684-2013
NR 49
TC 11
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 14
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0040-6090
J9 THIN SOLID FILMS
JI Thin Solid Films
PD JUL 31
PY 2008
VL 516
IS 18
BP 6215
EP 6219
DI 10.1016/j.tsf.2007.11.120
PG 5
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings &
Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA 331UE
UT WOS:000258037300046
ER
PT J
AU Jacobson, IG
Smith, TC
Smith, B
Wells, TS
Reed, RJ
Ryan, MAK
AF Jacobson, Isabel G.
Smith, Tyler C.
Smith, Besa
Wells, Timothy S.
Reed, Robert J.
Ryan, Margaret A. K.
TI US military service members vaccinated against smallpox in 2003 and 2004
experience a slightly higher risk of hospitalization postvaccination
SO VACCINE
LA English
DT Article
DE smallpox vaccine; military medicine; hospitalization; myocarditis
ID JANUARY-OCTOBER 2003; UNITED-STATES; ADVERSE EVENTS; ANTHRAX
VACCINATION; MILLENNIUM COHORT; ARMED-FORCES; FOLLOW-UP; PROGRAM;
IMMUNIZATION; HEALTH
AB This study explores adverse events severe enough to warrant hospitalization that may have been associated with receiving the smallpox vaccine in conjunction with military service. Cox proportional hazards modeling was used to identify the risk of hospitalization among US active-duty military personnel during a 1-year period following receipt of the smallpox vaccine. The reference group consisted of active-duty military personnel who also received the smallpox vaccine after the conclusion of their health care observation period, allowing for comparison to a temporally and demographically similar population. The risk of hospitalization was slightly elevated among the postvaccine group for any-cause hospitalization and for hospitalization in several broad diagnostic categories. Hospitalizations for asthma, autoimmune diseases, and myopericarditis, were more likely in the postvaccine group. The increased risk of hospitalization for varied outcomes does not necessarily imply a cause-effect relationship, but it does offer areas for more focused study, using longitudinal data to explore the long-term impact of smallpox vaccination on the health of young adults. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Jacobson, Isabel G.; Smith, Tyler C.; Smith, Besa; Reed, Robert J.; Ryan, Margaret A. K.] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, San Diego, CA 92106 USA.
[Wells, Timothy S.] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Jacobson, IG (reprint author), Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA.
EM Isabel.Jacobson@med.navy.mil
FU Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine,
Rockville, Maryland; Department of Defense [60002]
FX We thank Scott L. Seggerman and Greg D. Boyd from the Defense Manpower
Data Center, Monterey Bay, California. We also thank Dr. Ava Conlin and
Michelle Stoia from the Naval Health Research Center, San Diego,
California. We appreciate the support of the Henry M. Jackson Foundation
for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Rockville, Maryland.; This
represents report 07-40 supported by the Department of Defense, under
work unit no. 60002. The views expressed in this article are those of
the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the
Department of the Navy, Department of the Army, Department of the Air
Force, Department of Defense, Department of Veterans Affairs, or the US
Government. This research has been conducted in compliance with all
applicable federal regulations governing the protection of human
subjects in research (Protocol NHRC. 2004.0010).
NR 46
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0264-410X
J9 VACCINE
JI Vaccine
PD JUL 29
PY 2008
VL 26
IS 32
BP 4048
EP 4056
DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2008.05.044
PG 9
WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental
SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine
GA 339XP
UT WOS:000258610900013
PM 18586364
ER
PT J
AU Srinivasan, R
Miracle, D
Tamirisakandala, S
AF Srinivasan, Raghavan
Miracle, Daniel
Tamirisakandala, Sesh
TI Direct rolling of as-cast Ti-6Al-4V modified with trace additions of
boron
SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES
MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
LA English
DT Article
DE Ti-6Al-4V; boron addition; grain refinement; hot rolling;
thermomechanical processing; ingot breakdown
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; GRAIN-REFINEMENT; TITANIUM-ALLOYS;
MICROSTRUCTURE; COMPOSITES; MMCS
AB Trace boron additions to titanium alloys produce an order of magnitude reduction in as-cast grain size, leading to the possibility of significant simplification of ingot breakdown and thermomechanical processing procedures. In this study, the boron modified titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V + 0.1B (wt.%) was hot rolled from the cast + HIP condition to thickness reductions of 50% and 75% in multi-step rolling sequences. Baseline alloys (without boron) in the cast and wrought (mill product) states were also processed under identical conditions for comparison. After 50% reduction in thickness at 750-950 degrees C (1382-1742 degrees F), the deformation behavior of cast Ti-6Al-4V + 0.1B is not noticeably different from that of standard Ti-6Al-4V mill product, whereas cast Ti-6Al-4V without boron exhibited extensive cracking. The boron-containing alloy could be deformed further to 75% reduction in thickness at 950 degrees C (1742 degrees F) without producing any macroscopic defects. The alpha phase shows a tendency to globularize during heat treatment after a 50% reduction in thickness to produce an equiaxed microstructure. The potential, therefore, exists for the production of slab and sheet stock with an equiaxed microstructure by directly rolling the as-cast titanium alloys modified with trace boron additions. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Srinivasan, Raghavan] Wright State Univ, Dept Mech & Mat Engn, Dayton, OH 45435 USA.
[Miracle, Daniel] USAF, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Tamirisakandala, Sesh] FMW Composite Syst Inc, Bridgeport, WV 26330 USA.
RP Srinivasan, R (reprint author), Wright State Univ, Dept Mech & Mat Engn, 3640 Col Glenn Highway, Dayton, OH 45435 USA.
EM raghavan.srinivasan@wright.edu
NR 21
TC 36
Z9 39
U1 1
U2 9
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0921-5093
J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT
JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process.
PD JUL 25
PY 2008
VL 487
IS 1-2
BP 541
EP 551
DI 10.1016/j.msea.2007.10.053
PG 11
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy &
Metallurgical Engineering
GA 323MU
UT WOS:000257451000071
ER
PT J
AU Pandey, RB
Farmer, BL
AF Pandey, Ras B.
Farmer, Barry L.
TI Effect of temperature and solvent on dispersion of layered platelets
studied by Monte Carlo simulation
SO MACROMOLECULAR THEORY AND SIMULATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE bond-fluctuating sheet; clay platelet; coarse-grained model;
exfoliation; Monte Carlo simulation
ID POLYMER MELT INTERCALATION; NANOCOMPOSITES; DYNAMICS; EXFOLIATION;
MODEL; COMPOSITES; SILICATES; SHEET
AB The effects of solvent and temperature on the exfoliation of layered platelets are studied by a Monte Carlo simulation on a cubic lattice. A platelet is modeled by a square sheet consisting of nodes tethered together by fluctuating bonds and the solvent by a set of particles. The interaction strength between sheets and the solvent describes the solvent quality. Density profiles of the sheet and solvent particles and their dynamics are studied. We find that the platelets are held together by attractive interactions between sheets and particles via their interstitial intercalation and disperse (exfoliate) easily with weakly attractive to repulsive interactions. The dispersion is enhanced on increasing the temperature.
C1 [Pandey, Ras B.] Univ So Mississippi, Dept Phys & Astron, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA.
[Farmer, Barry L.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Pandey, RB (reprint author), Univ So Mississippi, Dept Phys & Astron, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA.
EM ras.pandey@usm.edu
NR 26
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 4
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1022-1344
J9 MACROMOL THEOR SIMUL
JI Macromol. Theory Simul.
PD JUL 24
PY 2008
VL 17
IS 4-5
BP 208
EP 216
DI 10.1002/mats.200700076
PG 9
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 332NP
UT WOS:000258090000006
ER
PT J
AU Stone, RS
Anderson, GP
Shettle, EP
Andrews, E
Loukachine, K
Dutton, EG
Schaaf, C
Roman, MO
AF Stone, R. S.
Anderson, G. P.
Shettle, E. P.
Andrews, E.
Loukachine, K.
Dutton, E. G.
Schaaf, C.
Roman, M. O., III
TI Radiative impact of boreal smoke in the Arctic: Observed and modeled
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID REFLECTANCE DISTRIBUTION FUNCTION; AEROSOL OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; ALBEDO
RETRIEVALS; MULTIPLE-SCATTERING; CLIMATE-CHANGE; SURFACE; MODIS; CLOUDS;
VALIDATION; PARTICLES
AB The Arctic climate is modulated, in part, by the presence of aerosols that affect the horizontal and vertical distribution of radiant energy passing through the atmosphere. Aerosols affect the surface-atmosphere radiation balance directly through interactions with solar and terrestrial radiation and indirectly through interactions with cloud particles. During summer 2004 forest fires destroyed vast areas of boreal forest in Alaska and western Canada, releasing smoke into the atmosphere. Smoke aerosol passing over instrumented field sites near Barrow, Alaska, was monitored to determine its physical and optical properties and its impact on the surface radiation budget. Empirical determinations of the direct aerosol radiative forcing (DARF) by the smoke were used to corroborate simulations made using the Moderate Resolution Transmittance radiative transfer model, MODTRAN (TM) 5. DARF is defined as the change in net shortwave irradiance per unit of aerosol optical depth (AOD). DARF, varying with solar angle and surface type, was evaluated at the surface, at the top of the atmosphere (TOA), and within the intervening layers of the atmosphere. The TOA results are compared with fluxes derived from coincident satellite retrievals made using the Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) radiance data. Smoke tends to reduce the net shortwave irradiance at the surface while increasing it within layers in which it resides. Over the Arctic tundra during summer, a layer of smoke having AOD = 0.5 at 500 nm produces a diurnally averaged DARF of about -40 W m(-2) at the surface and -20 W m (-2) at TOA, while the layer itself tends to warm at a rate of approximate to 1 K d(-1). The tendency of smoke to cool the surface while heating the layer above may lead to increased atmospheric stability and suppress cloud formation. Radiative forcing at the top of the atmosphere is especially sensitive to small changes in surface albedo, evidenced in both the model results and satellite retrievals. TOA net shortwave flux decreases when smoke is present over dark surfaces and tends to increase if the underlying surface is bright. For example, at solar noon during midsummer at Barrow, a layer of smoke having AOD(500) = 0.5 will reduce the net shortwave flux at TOA by approximate to 30 W m(-2) over the ocean while at the same time increasing it by 20 W m(-2) over an adjacent area of melting sea ice. For smoke aerosol, the sensitivity of DARF to changing surface albedo (assuming a solar zenith angle of 50 degrees) is about +15 W m(-2) AOD(-1) for every increase in surface albedo of 0.10. Throughout the Arctic summer, surface and TOA cooling and a tendency toward warming in the intervening atmospheric layers are the dominant radiative impacts of boreal smoke over the ocean and tundra areas, but the radiative forcing at TOA is positive over regions covered by ice or snow. Enhanced differential cooling/heating of ocean, ice, and snow due to the presence of smoke in the atmosphere may affect regional circulation patterns by perturbing diabatic processes. Should the frequency and intensity of boreal fires increase in the future because of global warming, the more persistent presence of smoke in the atmosphere may be manifest as a negative feedback at the surface. In addition, there will likely be indirect radiative impacts of the smoke as it influences cloudiness, which in turn further modulates the Arctic radiation budget.
C1 [Stone, R. S.; Andrews, E.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Anderson, G. P.; Dutton, E. G.] NOAA, Global Monitoring Div, Earth System Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Loukachine, K.] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Hampton, VA 23666 USA.
[Schaaf, C.; Roman, M. O., III] Boston Univ, Ctr Remote Sensing, Dept Geog, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
[Shettle, E. P.] USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Anderson, G. P.] USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Hanscom AFB, MA USA.
RP Stone, RS (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM robert.stone@noaa.gov
RI Roman, Miguel/D-4764-2012
OI Roman, Miguel/0000-0003-3953-319X
NR 75
TC 46
Z9 49
U1 4
U2 26
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD JUL 22
PY 2008
VL 113
IS D14
AR D14S16
DI 10.1029/2007JD009657
PG 17
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 331FA
UT WOS:000257996900008
ER
PT J
AU Tao, X
Chan, AA
Albert, JM
Miller, JA
AF Tao, Xin
Chan, Anthony A.
Albert, Jay M.
Miller, James A.
TI Stochastic modeling of multidimensional diffusion in the radiation belts
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID RESONANT INTERACTIONS; PITCH ANGLE; APPROXIMATION; MODULATION; ENERGY;
CHORUS
AB A new code for solving radiation belt diffusion equations has been developed and applied to the 2-D bounce-averaged energy pitch angle quasi-linear diffusion equation. The code uses Monte Carlo methods to solve It (o) over cap stochastic differential equations (SDEs) which are mathematically equivalent to radiation belt diffusion equations. We show that our SDE code solves the diffusion equation with off-diagonal diffusion coefficients in contrast to standard finite difference codes which are generally unstable when off-diagonal diffusion coefficients are included. Our results are in excellent agreement with previous results. We have also investigated effects of assuming purely parallel propagating electromagnetic waves when calculating the diffusion coefficients and find that this assumption leads to errors of more than an order of magnitude in flux at some equatorial pitch angles for the specific chorus wave model we use. Further work is needed to investigate the sensitivity of our results to the wave model parameters. Generalization of the method to 3-D is straightforward, thus making this method a very promising new way to investigate the relative roles of pitch angle, energy, and radial diffusion in radiation belt dynamics.
C1 [Tao, Xin; Chan, Anthony A.] Rice Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Houston, TX 77005 USA.
[Albert, Jay M.] USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Hanscom AFB, Bedford, MA 01731 USA.
[Miller, James A.] Univ Alabama, Dept Phys, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA.
RP Tao, X (reprint author), Rice Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, MS 108,6100 Main St, Houston, TX 77005 USA.
EM xtao@rice.edu; aac@rice.edu; millerja@uah.edu
OI Albert, Jay/0000-0001-9494-7630
NR 28
TC 51
Z9 53
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9380
EI 2169-9402
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD JUL 22
PY 2008
VL 113
IS A7
AR A07212
DI 10.1029/2007JA012985
PG 9
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 331GS
UT WOS:000258001300003
ER
PT J
AU Georgarakis, K
Aljerf, M
Li, Y
LeMoulec, A
Charlot, F
Yavari, AR
Chornokhvostenko, K
Tabachnikova, E
Evangelakis, GA
Miracle, DB
Greer, AL
Zhang, T
AF Georgarakis, K.
Aljerf, M.
Li, Y.
LeMoulec, A.
Charlot, F.
Yavari, A. R.
Chornokhvostenko, K.
Tabachnikova, E.
Evangelakis, G. A.
Miracle, D. B.
Greer, A. L.
Zhang, T.
TI Shear band melting and serrated flow in metallic glasses
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID ROOM-TEMPERATURE; FRACTURE
AB Scanning electron microscopy observations of shear steps on Zr-based bulk metallic glasses show direct evidence of shear band melting due to heat generated by elastic energy release. The estimated range of attained temperatures and the observed morphologies are consistent with shear steps forming at a subsonic speed limited by a required redistribution of local microscopic stresses. The calculations indicate that a 0.2 mu m layer melts in the vicinity of a shear band forming a 1 mu m shear step. The plastic part of the stress strain curve is serrated but a majority of shear events are not associated to serrations. (C) 2008 American Institute of Physics.
C1 [Georgarakis, K.; Aljerf, M.; Li, Y.; LeMoulec, A.; Charlot, F.; Yavari, A. R.] Inst Natl Polytech Grenoble, CNRS, SIMaP, F-38402 St Martin Dheres, France.
[Chornokhvostenko, K.; Tabachnikova, E.] Kharkiv Polytech Inst, UA-61002 Kharkov, Ukraine.
[Evangelakis, G. A.] Univ Ioannina, Dept Phys, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece.
[Miracle, D. B.] USAF, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Greer, A. L.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Mat Sci & Met, Cambridge CB2 3QZ, England.
[Zhang, T.] Beijing Univ Aeronaut & Astronaut, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
RP Yavari, AR (reprint author), Inst Natl Polytech Grenoble, CNRS, SIMaP, BP 75, F-38402 St Martin Dheres, France.
EM yavari@minatec.inpg.fr
RI Georgarakis, Konstantinos/E-6390-2010; Greer, Alan Lindsay/G-1977-2011;
yavari, alain/E-8192-2010; Georgarakis, Konstantinos/K-1939-2015; Greer,
Lindsay/E-9433-2017;
OI Georgarakis, Konstantinos/0000-0003-0918-7310
NR 19
TC 66
Z9 67
U1 5
U2 46
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD JUL 21
PY 2008
VL 93
IS 3
AR 031907
DI 10.1063/1.2956666
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 330UQ
UT WOS:000257968700024
ER
PT J
AU Reagan, MA
Kashyn, D
Juhl, S
Vaia, RA
Lyuksyutov, SF
AF Reagan, Michael A.
Kashyn, Dmytro
Juhl, Shane
Vaia, Richard A.
Lyuksyutov, Sergei F.
TI Electric charging and nanostructure formation in polymeric films using
combined amplitude-modulated atomic force microscopy-assisted
electrostatic nanolithography and electric force microscopy
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
AB A hybrid technique, combining lithography which exploits atomic force microscope tip manipulation with modified electric force microscopy was used to study surface electric charging (deposition and evolution) of polymethyl methacryalate and polystyrene films. Upon charging the films past a threshold voltage, two distinct regimes were observed: (1) stable feature formation related to electric breakdown and mass transport resulting in stable film deformation due to the negative surface charging (negative tip bias) and (2) no stable feature formation regime attributed to viscoelastic deformation of polymer surface followed by the surface relaxation in the case of positive surface charging (positive tip bias). (C) 2008 American Institute of Physics.
C1 [Reagan, Michael A.; Kashyn, Dmytro; Lyuksyutov, Sergei F.] Univ Akron, Dept Phys, Akron, OH 44325 USA.
[Juhl, Shane; Vaia, Richard A.] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Lyuksyutov, SF (reprint author), Univ Akron, Dept Phys, Akron, OH 44325 USA.
EM sfl@uakron.edu
NR 15
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 9
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD JUL 21
PY 2008
VL 93
IS 3
AR 033109
DI 10.1063/1.2957985
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 330UQ
UT WOS:000257968700070
ER
PT J
AU Massey, SM
Spring, JB
Russell, TH
AF Massey, Steven M.
Spring, Justin B.
Russell, Timothy H.
TI Stimulated Brillouin scattering continuous wave phase conjugation in
step-index fiber optics
SO OPTICS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
ID AMPLIFIERS; CLEANUP
AB Continuous wave (CW) stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) phase conjugation in step-index optical fibers was studied experimentally and modeled as a function of fiber length. A phase conjugate fidelity over 80% was measured from SBS in a 40 m fiber using a pinhole technique. Fidelity decreases with fiber length, and a fiber with a numerical aperture (NA) of 0.06 was found to generate good phase conjugation fidelity over longer lengths than a fiber with 0.13 NA. Modeling and experiment support previous work showing the maximum interaction length which yields a high fidelity phase conjugate beam is inversely proportional to the fiber NA(2), but find that fidelity remains high over much longer fiber lengths than previous models calculated. Conditions for SBS beam cleanup in step-index fibers are discussed. (C) 2008 Optical Society of America.
C1 [Massey, Steven M.; Spring, Justin B.; Russell, Timothy H.] USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Engn Phys, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Massey, SM (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Engn Phys, 2950 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM smassey@afit.edu
NR 23
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 6
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1094-4087
J9 OPT EXPRESS
JI Opt. Express
PD JUL 21
PY 2008
VL 16
IS 15
BP 10873
EP 10885
DI 10.1364/OE.16.010873
PG 13
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 332FX
UT WOS:000258069100002
PM 18648400
ER
PT J
AU Massey, SM
Russell, TH
AF Massey, Steven M.
Russell, Timothy H.
TI Phase analysis of stimulated Brillouin scattering in long, graded-index
optical fiber
SO OPTICS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
ID CONJUGATION; AMPLIFIERS; CLEANUP; CAVITY
AB A continuous-wave beam was wavefront-split by a prism and propagated through separate paths before being coupled into a long, graded-index fiber. Stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) was generated in the fiber and the phase of the reflection was compared to that of the pump using lateral shearing interferometers immediately after reflection and also after propagating back through the separate paths. To analyze the phase conjugating properties of SBS in the fiber, one of the paths included a path-length oscillation. It was found that SBS from the long, graded-index fiber did not conjugate the phase of the pump. SBS formed a phase-locked beam immediately after reflection from the fiber, but did not lock the phases of the two beams after recombination as would be expected from a phase conjugate reflection. (C) 2008 Optical Society of America.
C1 [Massey, Steven M.; Russell, Timothy H.] USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Engn Phys, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Massey, SM (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Engn Phys, 2950 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM steven.massey@afit.edu
NR 19
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 2
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1094-4087
J9 OPT EXPRESS
JI Opt. Express
PD JUL 21
PY 2008
VL 16
IS 15
BP 11496
EP 11505
DI 10.1364/OE.16.011496
PG 10
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 332FX
UT WOS:000258069100072
PM 18648470
ER
PT J
AU DesAutels, GL
Powers, P
Brewer, C
Walker, M
Burky, M
Anderson, G
AF DesAutels, G. Logan
Powers, Peter
Brewer, Chris
Walker, Mark
Burky, Mark
Anderson, Gregg
TI Optical temperature sensor and thermal expansion measurement using a
femtosecond micromachined grating in 6H-SiC
SO APPLIED OPTICS
LA English
DT Article
AB An optical temperature sensor was created using a femtosecond micromachined diffraction grating inside transparent bulk 6H-SiC, and to the best of our knowledge, this is a novel technique of measuring temperature. Other methods of measuring temperature using fiber Bragg gratings have been devised by other groups such as Zhang and Kahrizi [in MEMS, NANO, and Smart Systems (IEEE, 2005)]. This temperature sensor was, to the best of our knowledge, also used for a novel method of measuring the linear and nonlinear coefficients of the thermal expansion of transparent and nontransparent materials by means of the grating first-order diffracted beam. Furthermore the coefficient of thermal expansion of 6H-SiC was measured using this new technique. A He-Ne laser beam was used with the SiC grating to produce a first-order diffracted beam where the change in deflection height was measured as a function of temperature. The grating was micromachined with a 20 mu m spacing and has dimensions of approximately 500 mu m x 500 mu m (l x w) and is roughly 0.5 mu m deep into the 6H-SiC bulk. A minimum temperature of 26.7 degrees C and a maximum temperature of 399 degrees C were measured, which gives a AT of 372.3 degrees C. The sensitivity of the technique is Delta T = 5 degrees C. A maximum deflection angle of 1.81 degrees was measured in the first-order diffracted beam. The trend of the deflection with increasing temperature is a nonlinear polynomial of the second-order. This optical SiC thermal sensor has many high-temperature electronic applications such as aircraft turbine and gas tank monitoring for commercial and military applications. (C) 2008 Optical Society of America.
C1 [DesAutels, G. Logan; Burky, Mark] AT&T Govt Solut, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Brewer, Chris; Anderson, Gregg] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Powers, Peter] Univ Dayton, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
[Walker, Mark] Gen Dynam Informat Technol, Dayton, OH 45431 USA.
RP DesAutels, GL (reprint author), AT&T Govt Solut, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM george.desautels@wpafb.af.mil
NR 9
TC 9
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 12
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1559-128X
EI 2155-3165
J9 APPL OPTICS
JI Appl. Optics
PD JUL 20
PY 2008
VL 47
IS 21
BP 3773
EP 3777
DI 10.1364/AO.47.003773
PG 5
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 337EW
UT WOS:000258419300012
PM 18641744
ER
PT J
AU Kar, T
Scheiner, S
Roy, AK
AF Kar, Tapas
Scheiner, Steve
Roy, Ajit K.
TI The effect on acidity of size and shape of carboxylated single-wall
carbon nanotubes. A DFT-SLDB study
SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID PURIFICATION; CHEMISTRY; MODEL; ENERGIES; ONIOM
AB Density functional theory (DFT) is applied to estimate the gas-phase acidity of several carboxylated SWCNTs, with varying lengths and diameters of the zigzag and armchair tubes. The efficient same level different basis set (SLDB) protocol is used. Deprotonation energy of the open-ended molecular model of NT-COOHs indicates more acidic nature of zigzag-COOH than armchair-COOH. Effect of lengths and diameters on the acidity and stability of acids are discussed. Vibrational analyses reveal differences in carboxylic band (nu(C=O)) in the two forms of acid. The effects of solvents on the acidity and stability are evaluated and discussed. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Kar, Tapas; Scheiner, Steve] Utah State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
[Roy, Ajit K.] USAF, Res Lab, MLBCM, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Kar, T (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
EM tapas.kar@usu.edu
NR 27
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 1
U2 7
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0009-2614
J9 CHEM PHYS LETT
JI Chem. Phys. Lett.
PD JUL 20
PY 2008
VL 460
IS 1-3
BP 225
EP 229
DI 10.1016/j.cplett.2008.06.007
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 325NT
UT WOS:000257596300047
ER
PT J
AU Gonzalez, L
Guha, S
Rogers, JW
Sheng, Q
AF Gonzalez, Leonel
Guha, Shekhar
Rogers, James W.
Sheng, Qin
TI An effective z-stretching method for paraxial light beam propagation
simulations
SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE light beam propagation; interface singularity; finite difference
approximations; domain transformation; consistency; stability; uniform
and nonuniform grids
ID HELMHOLTZ-EQUATION; MESH REFINEMENT; WAVE-GUIDES; FINITE; SCATTERING;
STABILITY; DOMAIN
AB A z-stretching finite difference method is developed for simulating the paraxial light beam propagation through a lens in a cylindrically symmetric domain. By introducing a domain transformation in the z-direction, we solve the corresponding complex difference equations containing an interface singularity over a computational space for great simplicity and efficiency. A specially designed matrix analysis is constructed to the study the numerical stability. Computational experiments are carried out for demonstrating our results. (c) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Rogers, James W.; Sheng, Qin] Baylor Univ, Dept Math, Ctr Astrophys, Waco, TX 76798 USA.
[Gonzalez, Leonel] Gen Dynam Informat Technol, Dayton, OH 45431 USA.
[Guha, Shekhar] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Rogers, JW (reprint author), Baylor Univ, Dept Math, Ctr Astrophys, Waco, TX 76798 USA.
EM James_W_Rogers@baylor.edu
NR 22
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 3
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0021-9991
J9 J COMPUT PHYS
JI J. Comput. Phys.
PD JUL 20
PY 2008
VL 227
IS 15
BP 7264
EP 7278
DI 10.1016/j.jcp.2008.04.019
PG 15
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical
SC Computer Science; Physics
GA 329MJ
UT WOS:000257871400013
ER
PT J
AU Mutiso, CK
Hughes, JM
Sivjee, GG
Pedersen, T
Gustavsson, B
Kosch, MJ
AF Mutiso, C. K.
Hughes, J. M.
Sivjee, G. G.
Pedersen, T.
Gustavsson, B.
Kosch, M. J.
TI Previously unreported optical emissions generated during ionospheric
heating
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID PUMP-ENHANCED AIRGLOW; HF; FREQUENCIES; HAARP; 3RD
AB Several radio-induced optical emissions were generated during an ionospheric heating experiment performed at the High Power Auroral Stimulation (HIPAS) facility near Two Rivers, Alaska. The O(+) 732-733 nm and O((3)D(o)) 799.0 nm emissions, previously unreported from ionospheric heating experiments, were detected, in addition to the already documented O((3)P) 844.6 nm and O((5)P) 777.4 nm emissions. Maximum emission intensity was observed in the magnetic zenith, when the heater was transmitting continuous wave O-mode, at a frequency of 2.85 MHz. A modified Czerny-Turner grating spectrometer was used to acquire high resolution optical spectra of the induced emissions, which were synchronized to the heater duty cycle. Candidate mechanisms for the production of the radio-induced emissions, which occurred before the "double resonance'' condition, are presented.
C1 [Mutiso, C. K.; Hughes, J. M.; Sivjee, G. G.] Embry Riddle Aeronaut Univ, Space Phys Res Lab, Daytona Beach, FL 32114 USA.
[Gustavsson, B.] Univ Tromso, Dept Phys & Technol, N-9037 Tromso, Norway.
[Kosch, M. J.] Univ Lancaster, Lancaster LA1 4WA, England.
[Pedersen, T.] USAF, Space Vehicles Directorate, Res Lab, Hanscom AFB, Bedford, MA 01731 USA.
RP Mutiso, CK (reprint author), Embry Riddle Aeronaut Univ, Space Phys Res Lab, Daytona Beach, FL 32114 USA.
EM mutisoc@sprl.db.erau.edu; hughesj@erau.edu; sivjee@erau.edu;
Todd.Pedersen@hanscom.af.mil; bjorn.gustavsson@phys.uit.no;
m.kosch@lancaster.ac.uk
OI Kosch, Michael Jurgen/0000-0003-2846-3915
NR 26
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD JUL 19
PY 2008
VL 35
IS 14
AR L14103
DI 10.1029/2008GL034563
PG 6
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 328KL
UT WOS:000257797200006
ER
PT J
AU He, WJ
Neil, S
Kulkarni, H
Wright, E
Agan, BK
Marconi, VC
Dolan, MJ
Weiss, RA
Ahujal, SK
AF He, Weijing
Neil, Stuart
Kulkarni, Hemant
Wright, Edward
Agan, Brian K.
Marconi, Vincent C.
Dolan, Matthew J.
Weiss, Robin A.
Ahujal, Sunil K.
TI Duffy antigen receptor for chemokines mediates trans-infection of HIV-1
from red blood cells to target cells and affects HIV-AIDS susceptibility
SO CELL HOST & MICROBE
LA English
DT Article
ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; DISEASE
PROGRESSION; AFRICAN-AMERICANS; TRANSMISSION; CCR5; ERYTHROCYTES;
CORECEPTOR; EPIDEMIOLOGY; INDIVIDUALS
AB Duffy antigen receptor for chemokines (DARC) expressed on red blood cells (REICs) influences plasma levels of HIV-1-suppressive and proinflammatory chemokines such as CCL5/RANTES. DARC is also the RBC receptor for Plasmodium vivax. Africans with DARC -46C/C genotype, which confers a DARC-negative phenotype, are resistant to vivax malaria. Here, we show that HIV-1 attaches to RBCs via DARC, effecting trans-infection of target cells. In African Americans, DARC -46C/C is associated with 40% increase in the odds of acquiring HIV-1. If extrapolated to Africans, similar to 11% of the HIV-1 burden in Africa may be linked to this genotype. After infection occurs, however, DARC-negative RBC status is associated with slower disease progression. Furthermore, the disease-accelerating effect of a previously described CCL5 polymorphism is evident only in DARC-expressing and not in DARC-negative HIV-infected individuals. Thus, DARC influences HIV/AIDS susceptibility by mediating trans-infection of HIV-1 and by affecting both chemokine-HIV interactions and chemokine-driven inflammation.
C1 [Agan, Brian K.; Marconi, Vincent C.; Dolan, Matthew J.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Infect Dis Clin Res Program, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
[He, Weijing; Kulkarni, Hemant; Ahujal, Sunil K.] S Texas Vet Hlth Care System, Vet Adm Res Ctr AIDS & HIV Infect 1, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA.
[He, Weijing; Kulkarni, Hemant; Ahujal, Sunil K.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA.
[Neil, Stuart; Wright, Edward; Weiss, Robin A.] UCL, Div Infect & Immun, London, England.
[Agan, Brian K.; Marconi, Vincent C.; Dolan, Matthew J.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
[Agan, Brian K.; Dolan, Matthew J.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Henry M Jackson Fdn, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
[Ahujal, Sunil K.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Microbiol & Immunol & Biochem, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA.
[Agan, Brian K.; Marconi, Vincent C.; Dolan, Matthew J.] San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA.
RP Dolan, MJ (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Infect Dis Clin Res Program, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
EM mdolan@idcrp.org; r.weiss@ucl.ac.uk; ahujas@uthscsa.edu
RI Marconi, Vincent/N-3210-2014;
OI Marconi, Vincent/0000-0001-8409-4689; Wright,
Edward/0000-0001-7041-5138; Neil, Stuart/0000-0003-3306-5831; Agan,
Brian/0000-0002-5114-1669
FU Medical Research Council [, G8712499]; NIAID NIH HHS [AI043279,
HU0001-05-2-0011, R01 AI043279, R01 AI043279-02, R01 AI043279-03, R01
AI043279-04, R01 AI043279-05, R01 AI043279-06, R01 AI043279-06S1, R01
AI043279-07, R01 AI043279-08, R01 AI046326, R01 AI046326-01A1, R01
AI046326-02, R01 AI046326-03, R01 AI046326-04, R01 AI046326-05, R21
AI046326, R21 AI046326-01, R37 AI046326, R37 AI046326-06A1, R37
AI046326-07, R37 AI046326-07S1, R37 AI046326-08, R37 AI046326-09]; NIMH
NIH HHS [MH069270, R01 MH069270, R01 MH069270-01A2, R01 MH069270-01A2S1,
R01 MH069270-02, R01 MH069270-03, R01 MH069270-04, R01 MH069270-05]
NR 50
TC 104
Z9 108
U1 2
U2 4
PU CELL PRESS
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA
SN 1931-3128
J9 CELL HOST MICROBE
JI Cell Host Microbe
PD JUL 17
PY 2008
VL 4
IS 1
BP 52
EP 62
DI 10.1016/j.chom.2008.06.002
PG 11
WC Microbiology; Parasitology; Virology
SC Microbiology; Parasitology; Virology
GA 329ZF
UT WOS:000257908400008
PM 18621010
ER
PT J
AU Terry, NB
Naderi, NA
Pochet, M
Moscho, AJ
Lester, LF
Kovanis, V
AF Terry, N. B.
Naderi, N. A.
Pochet, M.
Moscho, A. J.
Lester, L. F.
Kovanis, V.
TI Bandwidth enhancement of injection-locked 1.3 mu m quantum-dot DFB laser
SO ELECTRONICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID OPTICAL-INJECTION; SEMICONDUCTOR-LASER; HIGH-SPEED
AB Optical injection locking of a quantum-dot distributed-feedback laser at 1.3 mu m is reported. Using an injection ratio of 5.3 dB, an optical detuning of -40 pm, and a slave laser biased at 20 mA, the modulation bandwidth of the injection-locked laser was 16.3 GHz. This is over four times higher than the modulation bandwidth of the free-running quantum-dot laser. At a slave laser bias of 5.0 mA, injection locking resulted in a resonance frequency of 21.9 GHz, over eleven times higher than the relaxation frequency of the free-running slave laser.
C1 [Terry, N. B.; Kovanis, V.] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Naderi, N. A.; Pochet, M.; Moscho, A. J.; Lester, L. F.] Univ New Mexico, Ctr High Technol Mat, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA.
RP Terry, NB (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, 2241 Avion Circle, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM nathan.terry@wpafb.af.mil
NR 7
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 5
PU INST ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY-IET
PI HERTFORD
PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD SG1 2AY, ENGLAND
SN 0013-5194
J9 ELECTRON LETT
JI Electron. Lett.
PD JUL 17
PY 2008
VL 44
IS 15
BP 904
EP 905
DI 10.1049/el:20080732
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA 338VB
UT WOS:000258536400010
ER
PT J
AU Jiao, CQ
DeJoseph, CA
Lee, R
Garscadden, A
AF Jiao, C. Q.
DeJoseph, C. A., Jr.
Lee, R.
Garscadden, A.
TI Electron impact ionization and ion-molecule reactions of
octafluoro-2-butene
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY
LA English
DT Article
DE dissociative ionization; ion-molecule; 2-C4F8; cross-section
ID RESONANCE MASS-SPECTROMETRY; CYCLOTRON RESONANCE; CROSS-SECTIONS;
PERFLUOROCARBONS; CHEMISTRIES; PLASMA; SPECTROSCOPY; EXCITATION;
THRESHOLD; C-C4F8
AB Electron impact ionization and ion-molecule reactions of octafluoro-2-butene (2-C4F8) were studied using Fourier transform mass spectrometry (FTMS). Fifteen product ions are formed by electron impact ionization over the energy range 10-200 eV, with C4F7,8+, C3F3,5,6+, C2F4+ and CF1-3+ as the major ions. The total ionization cross-section reaches a maximum of 1.2 x 10(-15) cm(2) at 90 eV. From threshold to 18 eV, the ion population is dominated by the parent ion C4F8+, and from 18 to 70 eV, by C3F5+. Above 70 eV, CF3+ becomes the dominant ion. Among the major ions formed by electron impact ionization of 2-C4F8, only CF+, CF2+ and CF3+ are found to react with the parent molecule, via F- transfer or charge transfer mechanisms. The charge transfer reaction of Ar+ with 2-C4F8 produces mainly C4F7+. The ion chemistries in 2-C4F8 are significantly different from those in c-C4F8 that we have previously studied. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [DeJoseph, C. A., Jr.; Lee, R.; Garscadden, A.] AF Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Jiao, C. Q.] Innovat Sci Solut Inc, Dayton, OH 45440 USA.
RP Garscadden, A (reprint author), AF Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM alan.garscadden@wpafb.af.mil
NR 40
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1387-3806
J9 INT J MASS SPECTROM
JI Int. J. Mass Spectrom.
PD JUL 15
PY 2008
VL 274
IS 1-3
BP 14
EP 20
DI 10.1016/j.ijms.2008.04.007
PG 7
WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy
SC Physics; Spectroscopy
GA 324QS
UT WOS:000257533700003
ER
PT J
AU Varanasi, CV
Burke, J
Lu, R
Wu, J
Brunke, L
Chuck, L
Smith, HE
Maartense, I
Barnes, PN
AF Varanasi, C. V.
Burke, J.
Lu, R.
Wu, J.
Brunke, L.
Chuck, L.
Smith, H. E.
Maartense, I.
Barnes, P. N.
TI Biaxially textured YBa2Cu3O7-x films deposited on polycrystalline
flexible yttria-stabilized zirconia ceramic substrates
SO PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE YBCO coated conductors; flexible YSZ ceramic; IBAD-MgO; cryoelectronic
applications
ID BEAM-ASSISTED DEPOSITION; COATED CONDUCTORS; YBCO FILMS; TEMPLATES; MGO;
GROWTH; NI
AB Biaxially textured YBa2Cu3O7-x (YBCO) films were grown on polycrystalline flexible yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) ceramic substrates (Ceraflex) buffered with MgO and LaMnO3 layers. These substrates were initially coated with silica glass to obtain a smooth surface and then biaxially textured MgO buffer layers were deposited by ion beam assisted deposition (IBAD-MgO). Lanthanum manganate (LMO) cap layers and YBCO layers were then deposited by the pulsed laser ablation method. Highly textured YBCO films with a full width half maximum (FWHM) of 6.75 degrees in (110) phi scans and a FWHM similar to 5 degrees in (200) omega An initial deposition yielded samples with a T-c > 88 K and a self-field magnetization scans were obtained. 2 J(c) of 2 x 10(5) A/cm(2) at 77 K. A secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) depth profile of the samples indicated that with the present deposition condition. some La, Mn and Mg diffusion into the YBCO layers is possible and this may reduce the Jc in the self-field. The yield strength (YS) of uncoated Ceraflex substrates was compared with that of metallic substrates and it was found that Ceraflex substrates can have a YS at least 4-5 times higher than the YS of biaxially textured Ni-5 at.%W substrates and similar to 1.5 times that of Hastelloy (TM) substrates. (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Varanasi, C. V.; Burke, J.; Brunke, L.; Chuck, L.; Smith, H. E.; Maartense, I.] Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
[Lu, R.; Wu, J.] Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
[Smith, H. E.; Barnes, P. N.] AFRL, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Varanasi, CV (reprint author), Univ Dayton, Res Inst, 2645 5th St, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
EM chakrapani.varanasi@wpafb.af.mil
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research and the Propulsion Directorate
of the Air Force Research Laboratory
FX The Air Force Office of Scientific Research and the Propulsion
Directorate of the Air Force Research Laboratory supported this work.
NR 15
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 8
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0921-4534
J9 PHYSICA C
JI Physica C
PD JUL 15
PY 2008
VL 468
IS 14
BP 1070
EP 1077
DI 10.1016/j.physc.2008.05.258
PG 8
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 342XR
UT WOS:000258817400014
ER
PT J
AU Bayraktaroglu, B
Leedy, K
Bedford, R
AF Bayraktaroglu, Burhan
Leedy, Kevin
Bedford, Robert
TI High temperature stability of postgrowth annealed transparent and
conductive ZnO : Al films
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID PULSED-LASER DEPOSITION; OXIDE THIN-FILMS
AB High temperature stability of Al-doped ZnO transparent thin films in air has been improved by a combination of optimized growth parameters and postgrowth treatment. Optical transparency was better than 90% for wavelengths ranging from 380 to at least 2500 nm with films that also had resistivities of 2x10(-4) Omega cm. Depending on the growth conditions, film resistivities showed different degrees of increase in resistivity after storing in air at elevated temperatures. Films grown at lower pressures were stable up to 400 degrees C for short exposure times (2 h) and exhibited virtually no change in resistivity at 260 degrees C for over 2500 h. (C) 2008 American Institute of Physics.
C1 [Bayraktaroglu, Burhan; Leedy, Kevin; Bedford, Robert] USAF, Res Lab, AFRL RYD, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Bayraktaroglu, B (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, AFRL RYD, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM burhan.bayraktaroglu@wpafb.af.mil
RI Leedy, Kevin/E-9968-2010
NR 20
TC 44
Z9 45
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD JUL 14
PY 2008
VL 93
IS 2
AR 022104
DI 10.1063/1.2959071
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 328KA
UT WOS:000257796100053
ER
PT J
AU Khurgin, JB
Sun, G
Soref, RA
AF Khurgin, J. B.
Sun, G.
Soref, R. A.
TI Electroluminescence efficiency enhancement using metal nanoparticles
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
AB We apply the "effective mode volume" theory to evaluate enhancement of the electroluminescence efficiency of semiconductor emitters placed in the vicinity of isolated metal nanoparticles and their arrays. Using the example of an InGaN/GaN quantum-well active region positioned in close proximity to Ag nanospheres, we show that while the enhancement due to isolated metal nanoparticles is large, only modest enhancement can be obtained with ordered array of those particles. We further conclude that random assembly of isolated particles holds an advantage over the ordered arrays for light emitting devices of finite area. (C) 2008 American Institute of Physics.
C1 [Khurgin, J. B.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Sun, G.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02125 USA.
[Soref, R. A.] USAF, Res Lab, Hanscom AFB, Sensors Directorate, Bedford, MA 01731 USA.
RP Khurgin, JB (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
EM greg.sun@umb.edu
RI khurgin, Jacob/A-3278-2010
NR 9
TC 41
Z9 42
U1 3
U2 10
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD JUL 14
PY 2008
VL 93
IS 2
AR 021120
DI 10.1063/1.2957989
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 328KA
UT WOS:000257796100020
ER
PT J
AU Buzulukova, N
Fok, MC
Moore, TE
Ober, DM
AF Buzulukova, N.
Fok, M. -C.
Moore, T. E.
Ober, D. M.
TI Generation of plasmaspheric undulations
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID EVENT; MODEL
AB We have modeled the plasmaspheric plume region using the Comprehensive Ring Current model (CRCM) and the Dynamical Global Core Plasma model (DGCPM), for an event that exhibited substantial undulations or ripples as observed by the IMAGE EUV imager during 17 April 2002. We drove the simulated electric field using the Weimer cross polar cap potential. We specified the magnetic field to vary in response to solar wind conditions according to the T96 model. As a control, we performed a run with a fixed magnetic field and a run with a low ring current pressure. The results show that particle injections into the inner magnetosphere and ring current-ionosphere-plasmasphere interaction are an essential part of the undulation response. We also conclude that the undulations are stronger in the case of magnetic field variations because associated induction electric field causes more pronounced injections.
C1 [Buzulukova, N.; Fok, M. -C.; Moore, T. E.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Buzulukova, N.] Space Res Inst IKI, Moscow, Russia.
[Ober, D. M.] USAF, Res Lab, Hanscom AFB, MA USA.
RP Buzulukova, N (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM nbuzulukova@gmail.com
RI Moore, Thomas/D-4675-2012; Fok, Mei-Ching/D-1626-2012
OI Moore, Thomas/0000-0002-3150-1137;
NR 15
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD JUL 11
PY 2008
VL 35
IS 13
AR L13105
DI 10.1029/2008GL034164
PG 4
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 327OS
UT WOS:000257739000004
ER
PT J
AU O'Neil, RR
Richards, E
Humphrey, CH
Stair, AT
AF O'Neil, Robert R.
Richards, Edward
Humphrey, Charles H.
Stair, A. T.
TI Polar mesospheric clouds: Infrared measurements from the Midcourse Space
Experiment
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID DEPENDENT OPTICAL-CONSTANTS; ARCTIC SUMMER MESOSPHERE;
IMAGING-TELESCOPE-III; WATER-ICE; NOCTILUCENT CLOUDS; EQUILIBRIUM
TEMPERATURES; UPPER-ATMOSPHERE; PARTICLES; ULTRAVIOLET; ALTITUDES
AB Spatial Infrared Imaging Telescope (SPIRIT) III radiometer on the Midcourse Space Experiment (MSX) satellite measured highly structured infrared, IR, emission from polar mesospheric cloud (PMC) ice particles at northern latitudes above 51 degrees on 22 July 1996 in the 11.1 to 13.2 and 18.2 to 25.1 mu m radiometer channels, bands C and E, respectively. Measurements of the PMC thermal emissions included the observation of an extended cloud at 84.8 degrees N and 325.6 degrees E at 0313:25 UT, a local solar time of approximately 0056. In this Earth limb observation, the radiance due to the PMC has been isolated from other sources-atmospheric emission, nonrejected off axis radiation from the terrestrial surface and zodiacal radiance-and inverted to determine the volume emission rates of the ice particles at a spatial resolution of 0.3 km in the altitude range from 83.4 to 86.4 km. The band C PMC volume emission rate profile has a maximum value at 84.0 +/- 0.3 km and decreases to one half the peak value at 85.0 and 83.5 km. Temperatures in the range from 143 +/- 7 to 130 +/- 8 K and ice volume densities from 1.5 to 0.5 x 10(-13) cm(3) per cm(3) were determined from the LWIR volume emission rates at altitudes from 83.4 to 86.4 km. The PMC ice densities are equivalent to an enriched gas phase water mixing ratio of 8 to 16 parts per million by volume, ppmv, and a vertical column mass density of 3.3 x 10(-8) gms cm(-2) in this observation.
C1 [O'Neil, Robert R.] USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate RVB, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
[Richards, Edward] Boston Coll, Inst Sci Res, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 USA.
[Stair, A. T.] Visidyne Inc, Burlington, MA 01803 USA.
RP O'Neil, RR (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate RVB, 29 Randolph Rd, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
EM oneilbobcon@verizon.net
NR 50
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 3
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9380
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD JUL 9
PY 2008
VL 113
IS A7
AR A07303
DI 10.1029/2007JA012858
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 327RY
UT WOS:000257747400001
ER
PT J
AU Anderson, SE
Bodzin, DJ
Haddad, TS
Boatz, JA
Mabry, JM
Mitchell, C
Bowers, MT
AF Anderson, Stanley E.
Bodzin, Dena J.
Haddad, Timothy S.
Boatz, Jerry A.
Mabry, Joseph M.
Mitchell, Connie
Bowers, Michael T.
TI Structural investigation of encapsulated fluoride in polyhedral
oligomeric silsesquioxane cages using ion mobility mass spectrometry and
molecular mechanics
SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID GAS-PHASE CONFORMATIONS; GAUSSIAN-TYPE BASIS; FORCE-FIELD DEVELOPMENT;
HELIX REVERSAL DEFECTS; RAY CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; HIGHER YIELDING ROUTE;
ORBITAL METHODS; BASIS-SETS; ELECTRONIC-PROPERTIES; OCTASILSESQUIOXANE
CAGES
AB A new series of encapsulated fluoride polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) materials, [(CH3)(4)N+][F-@(R8Si8O12)], where R = vinyl, phenyl, styrenyl, trifluoropropyl, nonafluorohexyl, or tridecafluorooctyl, were synthesized by the reaction of tetramethylammonium fluoride with the R8Si8O12 POSS in tetrahydrofuran. Encapsulation of the fluoride was confirmed with F-19 and Si-29 NMR spectroscopy. Ion mobility and molecular modeling methods were used to investigate the gas phase conformational properties of these POSS. Theoretical calculations demonstrate that the binding energy of fluoride to the interior of the POSS cage ranges from 70 to 270 kcal/mol as a function of substituent. Sodiated positive ions of the form H+[F-@R8T8]Na+ (T = SiO3/2, R = styrenyl, phenyl, and vinyl) were examined by MALDI; ESI was used to study the negative ions F-@R8T8 (R = styrenyl, phenyl, vinyl, trifluoropropyl, and nonafluorohexyl). The ion mobilities of these species were measured and used to calculate collision cross sections. These cross sections were compared to X-ray crystal structures and theoretical cross sections obtained from molecular mechanics and dynamics calculations. Experimental cross sections were consistent with all of the known X-ray crystal structures (styrenyl, vinyl, and phenyl POSS species). The experimental cross sections also agreed with the calculated cross sections for each species. As a result of the compact nature of the POSS cages, each sample had only one stable conformation, and only one low-energy family of structures was found for each set of sample calculations.
C1 [Bodzin, Dena J.; Mitchell, Connie; Bowers, Michael T.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Chem & Biochem, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Anderson, Stanley E.] Westmont Coll, Dept Chem, Santa Barbara, CA 93108 USA.
[Haddad, Timothy S.] ERC Inc, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA.
[Boatz, Jerry A.; Mabry, Joseph M.] USAF, Res Lab, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA.
RP Bowers, MT (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Chem & Biochem, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
EM bowers@chem.ucsb.edu
RI Anderson, Stanley/J-8812-2013
NR 86
TC 39
Z9 39
U1 2
U2 29
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0897-4756
EI 1520-5002
J9 CHEM MATER
JI Chem. Mat.
PD JUL 8
PY 2008
VL 20
IS 13
BP 4299
EP 4309
DI 10.1021/cm800058z
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 321BM
UT WOS:000257279200022
ER
PT J
AU Koerner, H
Kelley, JJ
Vaia, RA
AF Koerner, Hilmar
Kelley, John J.
Vaia, Richard A.
TI Transient microstructure of low hard segment thermoplastic polyurethane
under uniaxial deformation
SO MACROMOLECULES
LA English
DT Article
ID X-RAY-SCATTERING; SHEAR-ENHANCED CRYSTALLIZATION; ATOMIC-FORCE
MICROSCOPY; SMALL-ANGLE; POLY(BUTYLENE ADIPATE); POLY(TETRAMETHYLENE
ADIPATE); IN-SITU; SEMICRYSTALLINE POLYMERS; ISOTACTIC POLYPROPYLENE;
POLYMORPHIC CRYSTALS
AB Microstructure evolution of a low hard segment (< 10 mol %) thermoplastic polyurethane (LHS-TPU) has been followed by in-situ wide-angle X-ray (WAX) and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAX) with a focus on elucidating peculiar microstructural changes during uniaxial deformation (lambda = 1-3.5). For the LHS-TPU, the hard segments, due to their low content and chemical structure, do not crystallize but form glassy regions that act as physical cross-links. Two types of soft segment crystallites are resolved upon elongation via DSC, SAX, and WAX experiments. Phase I consists of a small amount of initial crystallites (<2%) that function similar to conventional PU hard segment domains, deforming at small uniaxial strains (lambda = 1-2) to a chevron-type morphology, which exhibit equatorial 4-point patterns in SAX. Phase II evolves at higher deformations (A > 2) due to strain-induced crystallization. Phase II exhibits a conventional meridional 2-point pattern along the deformation direction with lamellar crystallites aligning in the plane normal to the deformation. WAX, SAX, and DSC confirm that both phases coexist over a small strain window (lambda = 1.9-2.5), demonstrating the independent nature of the two crystalline phases. These findings indicate that the LHS-TPU in this study is similar to poly(butylene adipate) (PBA) in its morphological and structural behavior. This is further substantiated by NMR, which reveals that the LHS-TPU consists of 90% soft segments, which are identified as PBA via crystal structure analysis of a highly aligned fiber. The soft segments in the LHS-TPU dominate the morphology and the X-ray patterns upon deformation.
C1 [Koerner, Hilmar; Kelley, John J.; Vaia, Richard A.] USAF, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Res Lab, RXBP, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Koerner, Hilmar] Univ Tcchnol Corp, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
RP Koerner, H (reprint author), USAF, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Res Lab, RXBP, 2941 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
NR 40
TC 43
Z9 45
U1 9
U2 28
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0024-9297
J9 MACROMOLECULES
JI Macromolecules
PD JUL 8
PY 2008
VL 41
IS 13
BP 4709
EP 4716
DI 10.1021/ma800306z
PG 8
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 322HQ
UT WOS:000257366200027
ER
PT J
AU Schneider, S
Hawkins, T
Rosander, M
Mills, J
Vaghjiani, G
Chambreau, S
AF Schneider, Stefan
Hawkins, Tommy
Rosander, Michael
Mills, Jeffrey
Vaghjiani, Ghanshyam
Chambreau, Steven
TI Liquid azide salts and their reactions with common oxidizers IRFNA and
N2O4
SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID NITROSYL AZIDE; HEATS; ENERGIES; NITROGEN; 1ST-ROW
AB Several imidazolium-based ionic liquid azides with saturated and unsaturated side chains were prepared, and their physical and structural properties were investigated. The reactivity of these new as well as some previously reported ionic liquid azides with strong oxidizers, N2O4 and inhibited, red-fuming-nitric acid (IRFNA), was studied.
C1 [Schneider, Stefan; Hawkins, Tommy; Rosander, Michael; Mills, Jeffrey; Vaghjiani, Ghanshyam; Chambreau, Steven] USAF, Res Lab, Space & Missile Prop Div, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA.
RP Schneider, S (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Space & Missile Prop Div, 10 E Saturn Blvd, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA.
EM stefan.schneider@edwards.af.mil
NR 43
TC 41
Z9 43
U1 0
U2 14
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0020-1669
EI 1520-510X
J9 INORG CHEM
JI Inorg. Chem.
PD JUL 7
PY 2008
VL 47
IS 13
BP 6082
EP 6089
DI 10.1021/ic8004739
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
SC Chemistry
GA 321BB
UT WOS:000257278000075
PM 18533630
ER
PT J
AU Louthain, JA
Schmidt, JD
AF Louthain, James A.
Schmidt, Jason D.
TI Anisoplanatism in airborne laser communication
SO OPTICS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
ID RANDOMLY INHOMOGENEOUS MEDIUM; SPACE OPTICAL COMMUNICATION; WEAK
ATMOSPHERIC-TURBULENCE; SCREEN GENERATOR; SCINTILLATION; PHASE; BEAMS;
PROPAGATION
AB Airborne laser-communication systems require special considerations in size, complexity, power, and weight. We reduce the variability of the received signal by implementing optimized multiple-transmitter systems to average out the deleterious effects of turbulence. We derive the angular laser-beam separation for various isoplanatic and uncorrelated (anisoplanatic) conditions for the phase and amplitude effects. In most cases and geometries, the angles ordered from largest to smallest are: phase uncorrelated angle (equivalent to the tilt uncorrelated angle), tilt isoplanatic angle, phase isoplanatic angle, scintillation uncorrelated angle, and scintillation correlation angle (phi(Psi ind) > phi(TA) > phi(0) > phi(xind) > phi(xc)). Multiple beams with angular separations beyond phi(xc) tend to reduce scintillation variations. Larger separations such as phi(TA) reduce higher-order phase and scintillation variations and still larger separations beyond phi Psi(ind) tend to reduce the higher and lower-order (e. g. tilt) phase and scintillation effects. Simulations show two-transmitter systems reduce bit error rates for ground-to-air, air-to-air, and ground-to-ground scenarios. (C) 2008 Optical Society of America.
C1 [Louthain, James A.; Schmidt, Jason D.] USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Louthain, JA (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 2950 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM james.louthain@afit.edu
NR 28
TC 16
Z9 19
U1 0
U2 5
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1094-4087
J9 OPT EXPRESS
JI Opt. Express
PD JUL 7
PY 2008
VL 16
IS 14
BP 10769
EP 10785
DI 10.1364/OE.16.010769
PG 17
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 325BV
UT WOS:000257564100086
PM 18607493
ER
PT J
AU Koon, HEC
Loreille, OM
Covington, AD
Christensen, AF
Parsons, TJ
Collins, MJ
AF Koon, H. E. C.
Loreille, O. M.
Covington, A. D.
Christensen, A. F.
Parsons, T. J.
Collins, M. J.
TI Diagnosing post-mortem treatments which inhibit DNA amplification from
US MIAs buried at the Punchbowl
SO FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
DE DNA; cross-linking; collagen; bone; mortuary practices; TEM; DSC
ID DIFFERENTIAL SCANNING CALORIMETRY; CROSS-LINKING; COLLAGEN; STABILITY;
BONE
AB The US military is committed to recovering and identifying the remains of unknown military service members. Casualties of the Korean War were exhumed from the National Memorial Cemetery of the Pacific, or Punchbowl, and submitted to the Armed Forces DNA Identification Laboratory (AFDIL) for mtDNA sequencing. Contrary to AFDIL's experience on other samples from this era, most failed to yield amplifiable DNA. Suspicion fell on mortuary practices that may have been applied to the remains, evidenced by a white powder found with the bones, and general records suggesting the use of formaldehyde-based stablizing agents. To improve the chances of successful identification of the unknown individuals, we looked for the causes underlying, this failure. We did this by examining the state of the collagen, the most abundant biomolecule in bone, by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The DSC analyses showed collagens with a range of different thermal stabilities. When these results were compared with the DNA amplification results, a clear correlation between elevated thermal stability and amplification failure was evident. TFM analysis revealed that fibril integrity was maintained after thermal and acid treatments in the samples which failed amplification. Together these two approaches implicate a stabilization agent as the cause of problems with DNA analysis, presumably due to excessive cross-linking. Following the initial study, the ability of DSC to rapidly identify problem samples was tested in a blind study of 14 samples, the method successfully identifying all the problematic samples from Punchbowl. Within this unusual context, DSC analysis is a useful method to assess the likelihood of successful DNA extraction and amplification. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Koon, H. E. C.; Collins, M. J.] Univ York, Dept Archaeol & Biol, BioArCh, York YO10 5YW, N Yorkshire, England.
[Loreille, O. M.; Parsons, T. J.] Armed Forces DNA Identificat Lab, Rockville, MD 20850 USA.
[Covington, A. D.] Univ Northampton, Appl Collagen Res Grp, Northampton NN2 7AL, England.
[Christensen, A. F.] Joint POW MIA Accounting Command Cent Identificat, Hickam AFB, HI 96853 USA.
[Parsons, T. J.] Int Commiss Missing Persons, Sarajevo 71000, Bosnia & Herceg.
RP Koon, HEC (reprint author), Univ York, Dept Archaeol & Biol, BioArCh, POB 373, York YO10 5YW, N Yorkshire, England.
EM heck100@york.ac.uk
OI Christensen, Alexander/0000-0002-5601-7982
NR 15
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 3
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 0379-0738
J9 FORENSIC SCI INT
JI Forensic Sci.Int.
PD JUL 4
PY 2008
VL 178
IS 2-3
BP 171
EP 177
DI 10.1016/j.forsciint.2008.03.015
PG 7
WC Medicine, Legal
SC Legal Medicine
GA 317KN
UT WOS:000257019200014
PM 18472236
ER
PT J
AU Nishimura, Y
Wygant, J
Ono, T
Iizima, M
Kumamoto, A
Brautigam, D
Rich, F
AF Nishimura, Y.
Wygant, J.
Ono, T.
Iizima, M.
Kumamoto, A.
Brautigam, D.
Rich, F.
TI Large-amplitude wave electric field in the inner magnetosphere during
substorms
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID AURORAL ACCELERATION REGION; PLASMA SHEET; ALFVEN WAVES; BOUNDARY;
ONSETS; POLAR; IONS; TAIL; INSTRUMENT; GENERATION
AB [1] CRRES electric field data during substorms have been analyzed to investigate intense electric fields in the inner magnetosphere associated with dipolarizations. Substorm injections during 13: 00 - 15: 00 UT on 7 March 1991 exhibit many large-scale electric fields and short-duration electric field spikes. Large-scale electric fields with durations of similar to 1 min are identified as spatial structures associated with the region 1 field-aligned currents. Amplitudes of electric fields reach 30 mV/m with a high correlation with variations of the magnetic field, and the Poynting fluxes are directed toward the ionosphere with magnitudes of more than 0.5 mW/m(2). 16-Hz high-resolution data show intense electric field spikes with amplitudes of similar to 100 mV/m with durations of similar to 1 s. Most of the spikes are electromagnetic with Poynting fluxes of similar to 0.1 mW/m(2) directed toward the ionosphere. The electric field spikes are identified as right-handed whistler waves with a size of similar to 1000 km with frequencies just below the ion cyclotron frequency. A nearly simultaneous measurement by the DMSP-F9 satellite shows intense plasma flows with durations of 1 s and inverted-V electron precipitation. An estimation of the wave and particle energy fluxes shows that about half of the Poynting flux of the electric field spikes is consumed accelerating auroral particles, and 1% of the Poynting flux drives the fast plasma flows at the ionosphere. It is suggested that the electromagnetic spikes provide sufficient energy for auroral particle acceleration.
C1 [Nishimura, Y.; Ono, T.; Iizima, M.; Kumamoto, A.] Tohoku Univ, Dept Geophys, Aoba Ku, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan.
[Brautigam, D.; Rich, F.] USAF, Res Lab, Hanscom Afb, MA USA.
[Wygant, J.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
RP Nishimura, Y (reprint author), Tohoku Univ, Dept Geophys, Aoba Ku, 6-3 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan.
EM yukitoshi@stpp1.geophys.tohoku.ac.jp
NR 36
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0148-0227
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD JUL 2
PY 2008
VL 113
IS A7
AR A07202
DI 10.1029/2007JA012833
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 323GJ
UT WOS:000257434000002
ER
PT J
AU Buryachenko, VA
Kushch, VI
Dudka, VA
Roy, A
AF Buryachenko, V. A.
Kushch, V. I.
Dudka, V. A.
Roy, A.
TI Effective stiffness of composites reinforced by cylindrical fibers with
smooth ends, with potential application to nanocomposites
SO ACTA MECHANICA
LA English
DT Article
ID PONTE-CASTANEDA-WILLIS; MORI-TANAKA; POLYMER COMPOSITES; CARBON
NANOTUBES; MATRIX; STRESS; INCLUSIONS; INTERFACE; WAVINESS; TENSOR
AB Nanocomposite is modeled as a linearly elastic composite medium, which consists of a homogeneous matrix containing a statistically homogeneous random field of homogeneous cylindrical fibers with smooth ends and prescribed random orientation. Estimation of effective elastic moduli of nanocomposites was performed by the effective field method ( see for references Buryachenko in Appl Mech Rev 54: 1 - 47, 2001) developed in the framework of quasi crystalline approximation when the spatial correlations of inclusion location take particular ellipsoidal forms. A single cylindrical fiber with the smooth ends embedded in a large matrix sample is analyzed by finite element analysis for six different external loadings which yields a strain polarization tensor averaged over the volume of the fiber. The independent choice of shapes of inclusions and correlation holes provides the formulae of effective moduli which are symmetric, completely explicit and easy to use. The parametric numerical analysis reveals the most sensitive parameters influencing the effective moduli which are defined by the axial elastic moduli of nanofibers rather than their transversal moduli as well as by the choice of correlation holes, concentration and prescribed random orientation of nanofibers.
C1 [Buryachenko, V. A.] Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
[Kushch, V. I.; Dudka, V. A.] Natl Acad Sci, Inst Superhard Mat, Kiev, Ukraine.
[Roy, A.] USAF, Res Lab, AFRL MLBC, WPAFB, Dayton, OH USA.
RP Buryachenko, VA (reprint author), Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
EM buryach@woh.rr.com
NR 30
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 9
PU SPRINGER WIEN
PI WIEN
PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA
SN 0001-5970
J9 ACTA MECH
JI Acta Mech.
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 198
IS 3-4
BP 129
EP 146
DI 10.1007/s00707-007-0531-z
PG 18
WC Mechanics
SC Mechanics
GA 335AO
UT WOS:000258263400001
ER
PT J
AU Cummings, RM
Morton, SA
Siegel, SG
AF Cummings, Russell M.
Morton, Scott A.
Siegel, Stefan G.
TI Numerical prediction and wind tunnel experiment for a pitching unmanned
combat air vehicle
SO AEROSPACE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE unsteady aerodynamics; computational fluid dynamics; wind tunnel
testing; UCAV; maneuvering aircraft
ID DYNAMIC STALL; DELTA-WINGS; AIRFOIL; FLOW
AB The low-speed flowfield for a generic unmanned combat air vehicle (UCAV) is investigated both experimentally and numerically. A wind tunnel experiment was conducted with the Boeing 1301 UCAV at a variety of angles of attack up to 70 degrees, both statically and with various frequencies of pitch oscillation (0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 Hz). In addition, pitching was performed about three longitudinal locations on the configuration (the nose, 35% MAC, and the tail). Solutions to the unsteady, laminar, compressible Navier-Stokes equations were obtained on an unstructured mesh to match results from the static and dynamic experiments. The computational results are compared with experimental results for both static and pitching cases. Details about the flowfield, including vortex formation and interaction, are shown and discussed, including the non-linear aerodynamic characteristics of the vehicle. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.
C1 [Cummings, Russell M.; Morton, Scott A.; Siegel, Stefan G.] USAF Acad, Dept Aeronaut, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
RP Cummings, RM (reprint author), USAF Acad, Dept Aeronaut, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
EM russ.cummings@usafa.af.mil
NR 28
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 2
U2 11
PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER
PI PARIS
PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE
SN 1270-9638
J9 AEROSP SCI TECHNOL
JI Aerosp. Sci. Technol.
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 12
IS 5
BP 355
EP 364
DI 10.1016/j.ast.2007.08.007
PG 10
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 333QS
UT WOS:000258168000002
ER
PT J
AU Katta, VR
Roquemore, WM
AF Katta, Viswanath R.
Roquemore, William M.
TI Calculation of multidimensional flames using large chemical kinetics
SO AIAA JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT AIAA 37TH Fluid Dynamics Conference
CY JUN 25-28, 2007
CL Miami, FL
SP AIAA
ID DIFFUSION FLAMES; SOOT FORMATION; NUMERICAL INVESTIGATIONS; COMBUSTION;
CODE
AB A time-dependent, two-dimensional, detailed-chemistry computational fluid dynamics model, known as UNICORN (unsteady ignition and combustion using reactions), is used for solving complex flame problems. The unique features incorporated in UNICORN for handling extremely large chemical kinetics with ease and efficiency are discussed. A submixture concept that is used for evaluating transport properties is described. This concept increases the computational speed by a factor of five for a 208-species mechanism and is expected to have even higher efficiency with larger mechanisms. An implicit treatment for certain reaction-rate terms applied during the solution of species-conservation equations is described. Moving the reaction-rate source terms to the left-hand side of the partial differential equations eases the stiffness problem that is typically associated with combustion chemical kinetics. Computational speeds are further improved in UNICORN by completely integrating the chemical-kinetics mechanisms with the solution algorithm. A software-generated computational fluid dynamics approach is used to avoid the tedious and near-impossible task of manually integrating a large chemical-kinetics mechanism into a computational fluid dynamics code. Several calculations demonstrating the abilities of the UNICORN code are presented. Chemical-kinetics mechanisms up to 366 species and 3700 reaction steps are incorporated, and simulations for unsteady multidimensional flames are performed on personal computers. Making use of the robustness and efficiency of the UNICORN code, detailed chemical mechanisms developed for JP-8 fuel are tested for their accuracy, and a parametric study on the role of parent species of a surrogate mixture in predicting flame extinguishment is performed. Ease of changing chemical kinetics in the UNICORN code is demonstrated through the investigation of effects of additives in JP-8 fuel.
C1 [Katta, Viswanath R.] Innovat Sci Solut Inc, Dayton, OH 45440 USA.
[Roquemore, William M.] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson Air Force Base, Propuls Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Katta, VR (reprint author), Innovat Sci Solut Inc, 2766 Indian Ripple Rd, Dayton, OH 45440 USA.
EM vrkatta@erinet.com; melvyn.roquemore@wpafb.af.mil
NR 43
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0001-1452
J9 AIAA J
JI AIAA J.
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 46
IS 7
BP 1640
EP 1650
DI 10.2514/1.33131
PG 11
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 321VO
UT WOS:000257334800008
ER
PT J
AU Lopez, MA
Michaelson, PG
Westine, JG
AF Lopez, Manuel A.
Michaelson, Peter G.
Westine, John G.
TI A systematic approach for preoperative rhinoplasty planning
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OTOLARYNGOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
AB There is ample instructive literature on preoperative analysis of the rhinoplasty patient available to the present day provider. However, the literature does show a paucity of instruction to convert the preoperative analysis into a surgical plan of action. The purpose of this article is to provide a systematic approach to preoperative planning once the analysis has been done. It is our hope that the approach outlined within this article will assist students of rhinoplasty in devising an operative course and formulation of a systematic approach to operative planning. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 [Michaelson, Peter G.] Ear Nose & Throat Dept, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Lopez, Manuel A.] USAF, Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA.
RP Michaelson, PG (reprint author), Ear Nose & Throat Dept, 4881 Sugar Maple Dr, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM peter.michaelson@wpafb.af.mil
NR 8
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA
SN 0196-0709
J9 AM J OTOLARYNG
JI Am. J. Otolaryngol.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2008
VL 29
IS 4
BP 265
EP 269
DI 10.1016/j.amjoto.2007.06.001
PG 5
WC Otorhinolaryngology
SC Otorhinolaryngology
GA 327MK
UT WOS:000257733000009
PM 18598839
ER
PT J
AU Coop, CA
Tankersley, MS
AF Coop, Christopher A.
Tankersley, Michael S.
TI Patient perceptions regarding local reactions from allergen
immunotherapy injections
SO ANNALS OF ALLERGY ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; ADVERSE-REACTIONS; VENOM IMMUNOTHERAPY;
SYSTEMIC REACTIONS; DOSE ADJUSTMENT; PRETREATMENT; REDUCTION
AB Background: Although most allergists agree that local reactions to immunotherapy are not predictive of future systemic reactions, the 2 main reasons for dose adjustments are the concern that local reactions cause discomfort that may lead to patient noncompliance and the concern that local reactions are predictive of future local reactions.
Objectives: To determine patient perceptions regarding local reactions from immunotherapy.
Methods: A survey on allergen immunotherapy was provided to patients. Participants were asked about the presence of local reactions, the size of their local reactions, and how bothersome these local reactions were. Patients were also asked if they had considered stopping immunotherapy because of these local reactions.
Results: All 249 patients undergoing immunotherapy completed the survey. Seventy-one percent of the patients reported that they had experienced a local reaction during allergen immunotherapy. Of those patients who reported local reactions, 84.7% reported local reactions smaller than the palm of the hand and 81.9% deemed local reactions not to be bothersome at all or only slightly bothersome. Of those who experienced local reactions, 96.0% stated they would not stop immunotherapy because of these local reactions.
Conclusions: Although most patients reported local reactions, these local reactions were usually small and not very bothersome. Most patients would not stop allergen immunotherapy because of local reactions.
C1 [Coop, Christopher A.; Tankersley, Michael S.] Lackland AFB, Dept Allergy & Immunol, Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA.
RP Coop, CA (reprint author), Lackland AFB, Dept Allergy & Immunol, Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, 759 MDOS MMIA,59th Med Grp,2200 Bergquist Dr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA.
EM christopher.coop@hotmail.com
NR 18
TC 14
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 1081-1206
J9 ANN ALLERG ASTHMA IM
JI Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol.
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 101
IS 1
BP 96
EP 100
PG 5
WC Allergy; Immunology
SC Allergy; Immunology
GA 325KY
UT WOS:000257589000016
PM 18681091
ER
PT J
AU Kundu, S
Naskar, AK
Ogale, AA
Anderson, DP
Arnold, JR
AF Kundu, Santanu
Naskar, Amit K.
Ogale, Amod A.
Anderson, David P.
Arnold, Jonahira R.
TI Observations on a low-angle X-ray diffraction peak for AR-HP mesophase
pitch
SO CARBON
LA English
DT Letter
ID CARBON-FIBERS; ORIENTATION; PHASE
AB Using wide angle x-ray diffraction on AR-HP mesophase pitch, a diffraction peak was detected at approximately 7 degrees(2 Theta). The low-angle peak was reproducible using different diffractometers and different sample-to-detector distances, and was observed for all pitch samples irrespective of the flow history, but not for carbon fibers derived from the same precursor fibers. The interplanar 002 peak at similar to 25 degrees was observed at the equatorial position, whereas, the peak at 7 degrees was in the meridional position, i.e., the peaks are nominally 90 degrees apart in an azimuthal scan. This signifies that the low angle peak was due to diffraction from planes that are orthogonal to (002) planes. The 7 degrees peak is equivalent to a d-spacing of 1.25 nm, which corresponds to the nominal lateral dimension of the mesogen molecules that constitute the mesophase pitch. A typical MALDI analysis showed predominance of molecular weights of similar to 500 au. Edges of such a constituent of mesophase pitch molecules, which lead to a lateral ordered spacing of approximately 1.1 nm, can lead to a diffraction peak at approximately 7 degrees. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Kundu, Santanu; Naskar, Amit K.; Ogale, Amod A.] Clemson Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.
[Kundu, Santanu; Naskar, Amit K.; Ogale, Amod A.] Clemson Univ, CAEFF, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.
[Anderson, David P.] Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
[Arnold, Jonahira R.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, WPAFB, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
RP Ogale, AA (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.
EM ogale@clemson.edu
RI Kundu, Santanu/B-6842-2008
NR 14
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 7
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0008-6223
J9 CARBON
JI Carbon
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 46
IS 8
BP 1166
EP 1169
DI 10.1016/j.carbon.2008.03.014
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 325VQ
UT WOS:000257617000011
ER
PT J
AU Gunzelmann, G
AF Gunzelmann, Glenn
TI Strategy generalization across orientation tasks: Testing a
computational cognitive model
SO COGNITIVE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE spatial orientation; spatial cognition; cogntive architecture;
computational model; prediction; strategy; experiment; adaptive control
of thought-rational (ACT-R)
ID ARE-HERE MAPS; MENTAL ROTATION; SPATIAL RELATIONS; KNOWLEDGE; REAL;
PERFORMANCE; HIERARCHIES; DIRECTION
AB Humans use their spatial information processing abilities flexibly to facilitate problem solving and decision making in a variety of tasks. This article explores the question of whether a general strategy can be adapted for performing two different spatial orientation tasks by testing the predictions of a computational cognitive model. Human performance was measured on an orientation task requiring participants to identify the location of a target either on a map (find-on-map) or within an egocentric view of a space (find-in-scene). A general strategy instantiated in a computational cognitive model of the find-on-map task, based on the results from Gunzelmann and Anderson (2006), was adapted to perform both tasks and used to generate performance predictions for a new study. The qualitative fit of the model to the human data supports the view that participants were able to tailor a general strategy to the requirements of particular spatial tasks. The quantitative differences between the predictions of the model and the performance of human participants in the new experiment expose individual differences in sample populations. The model provides a means of accounting for those differences and a framework for understanding how human spatial abilities are applied to naturalistic spatial tasks that involve reasoning with maps.
C1 AF Res Lab, Mesa, AZ 85202 USA.
RP Gunzelmann, G (reprint author), AF Res Lab, 6030 S Kent St, Mesa, AZ 85202 USA.
EM glenn.gunzelmann@us.af.mil
NR 29
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 5
PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS
PI HOVE
PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND
SN 0364-0213
J9 COGNITIVE SCI
JI Cogn. Sci.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2008
VL 32
IS 5
BP 835
EP 861
DI 10.1080/03640210802221957
PG 27
WC Psychology, Experimental
SC Psychology
GA 345KS
UT WOS:000258996300002
PM 21635355
ER
PT J
AU Beninati, W
Meyer, MT
Carter, TE
AF Beninati, William
Meyer, Michael T.
Carter, Todd E.
TI The critical care air transport program
SO CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
DE patient transport; critical care; military; mechanical ventilation;
trauma; casualty; disaster; high altitude; aeromedical
ID AEROMEDICAL EVACUATION; ILL PATIENTS; CASUALTIES
AB Background, The critical care air transport team program is a component of the U.S. Air Force Aeromedical Evacuation system. A critical care air transport team consists of a critical care physician, critical care nurse, and respiratory therapist along with the supplies and equipment to operate a portable intensive care unit within a cargo aircraft.
Discussion: This capability was developed to support rapidly mobile surgical teams with high capability for damage control resuscitation and limited capacity for postresuscitation care. The critical care air transport team permits rapid evacuation of stabilizing casualties to a higher level of care. The aeromedical environment presents important challenges for the delivery of critical care. All equipment must be tested for safety and effectiveness in this environment before use in flight The team members must integrate the current standards of care with the limitation imposed by stresses of flight on their patent.
Summary: The critical care air transport team capability has been used successfully in a range of settings from transport within the United States, to disaster response, to support of casualties in combat.
C1 [Beninati, William] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Med Operat Grp 59, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
[Meyer, Michael T.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Crit Care Air Transport Pilot Unit, Pediat Intens Care Unit, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
[Carter, Todd E.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Anesthesia, Air Force Ctr Sustainment Trauma & Readiness Skil, Cincinnati, OH USA.
RP Beninati, W (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Med Operat Grp 59, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
EM william.beninati@lackland.af.mil
NR 22
TC 38
Z9 38
U1 0
U2 6
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0090-3493
J9 CRIT CARE MED
JI Crit. Care Med.
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 36
IS 7
SU S
BP S370
EP S376
DI 10.1097/CCM.0b013e31817e3143
PG 7
WC Critical Care Medicine
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 324AU
UT WOS:000257490700017
PM 18594265
ER
PT J
AU Grathwohl, KW
Venticinque, SG
Blackbourne, LH
Jenkins, DH
AF Grathwohl, Kurt W.
Venticinque, Steven G.
Blackbourne, Lorne H.
Jenkins, Donald H.
TI The evolution of military trauma and critical care medicine:
Applications for civilian medical care systems
SO CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Grathwohl, Kurt W.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Anesthesia & Operat Serv, Div Anesthesiol & Crit Care Med, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA.
[Venticinque, Steven G.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Trauma Div, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA.
[Blackbourne, Lorne H.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Anesthesiol & Crit Care Med, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA.
[Jenkins, Donald H.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Adm Hosp, Dept Surg, Trauma Div, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA.
[Jenkins, Donald H.] USA, Inst Surg Res, Brooke Army Med Ctr, Trauma Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA.
[Jenkins, Donald H.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
RP Grathwohl, KW (reprint author), Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Anesthesia & Operat Serv, Div Anesthesiol & Crit Care Med, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA.
EM kurtgrathwohl@amedd.army.mil
NR 2
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 1
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0090-3493
J9 CRIT CARE MED
JI Crit. Care Med.
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 36
IS 7
SU S
BP S253
EP S254
DI 10.1097/CCM.0b013e31817e325a
PG 2
WC Critical Care Medicine
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 324AU
UT WOS:000257490700001
PM 18594249
ER
PT J
AU Fadare, O
Wang, SA
Renshaw, IL
AF Fadare, Oluwole
Wang, Sa A.
Renshaw, Idris L.
TI Does the radiofrequency impedance-controlled endometrial ablation have
any morphologic effects on uterine leiomyomata?: Report of 3 cases
SO DIAGNOSTIC PATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID FOLLOW-UP; NOVASURE; SYSTEM
AB A variety of novel endometrial ablation technologies are now in routine use. A subset of uteri that had previously undergone these treatments will ultimately be evaluated by the pathologist. However, the full spectrum of histologic changes that may result from these treatments has received only sporadic attention. The NovaSure (TM) [Hologic Corporation, Marlborough, MA, USA] endometrial ablation system is one of several available second-generation technologies and its particular endometrial ablative power is based on the delivery of radiofrequency energy. The present analysis was designed to decipher any histologic changes ( if any) associated with the NovaSure (TM) endometrial ablation system relative to benign smooth muscle tumors of the uterine corpus. Over a one-year period, 3 uteri that had previously undergone the NovaSure (TM) endometrial ablation and which also had leiomyomatous mass lesions were evaluated. The leiomyomatous mass lesions were extensively sampled and were evaluated for cellular shapes ( epithelioid change, cellular rounding, extraordinary cytoplasmic eosinophilia, clear cell change, cytoplasmic vacuolation), nuclear changes ( nucleomegaly, nucleolomegaly, multinucleation, hyperchromasia, symplastic changes), necrosis ( coagulative and/or infarct), mitotic activity, apoptotic bodies or pyknotic cells, myxoid change, hyalinization. The three uteri were resected 61, 47 and 74 ( mean 60.7) days post-ablation. After a detailed evaluation of multiple submucosal, intramural and subserosal leiomyomata from these 3 uteri, no noteworthy histologic changes were identified in the tumors. Since the presence or absence of tumor necrosis is one histologic criterion by which malignant potential is assigned to uterine smooth muscle neoplasms, defining any extrinsic processes that may establish, or contribute to this finding is clinically relevant. The findings reported herein suggests that if a leiomyoma that was obtained from a patient that had recently undergone the NovaSure (TM) endometrial ablation displays any degenerative changes such as necrosis, the changes are probably not attributable to the ablation.
C1 [Fadare, Oluwole] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA.
[Fadare, Oluwole] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA.
[Wang, Sa A.] Univ Massachusetts, Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Worcester, MA USA.
[Renshaw, Idris L.] Vanguard Pathol Associates, Austin, TX USA.
RP Fadare, O (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA.
EM oluwolefadare@yahoo.com; WangS@ummhc.org; idrisrenshaw@yahoo.com
NR 8
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD
PI LONDON
PA CURRENT SCIENCE GROUP, MIDDLESEX HOUSE, 34-42 CLEVELAND ST, LONDON W1T
4LB, ENGLAND
SN 1746-1596
J9 DIAGN PATHOL
JI Diagn. Pathol.
PD JUL 1
PY 2008
VL 3
AR 28
DI 10.1186/1746-1596-3-28
PG 3
WC Pathology
SC Pathology
GA 401JP
UT WOS:000262937300001
PM 18593468
ER
PT J
AU DeWitt, MJ
Corporan, E
Graham, J
Minus, D
AF DeWitt, Matthew J.
Corporan, Edwin
Graham, John
Minus, Donald
TI Effects of aromatic type and concentration in Fischer-Tropsch fuel on
emissions production and material compatibility
SO ENERGY & FUELS
LA English
DT Article
ID JET FUEL; RUBBER; HYDROCARBONS; ENGINE; SOOT
AB The use of synthetic fuels produced via the Fischer-Tropsch (FT) process is being considered for U.S. military applications as an approach to provide secure and stable fuel resources. Many potential operational benefits have been observed while employing this type of paraffinic fuel for aviation applications. However, operational limitations with respect to seal-swell and lubricity may need to be improved for ultimate implementation. Studies were performed to investigate the feasibility of adding aromatic solvents as an option to achieve "fit-for-purpose" (FFP) requirements. Aromatics are known to improve seal-swell characteristics, but also increase engine soot emissions. Three aromatic solvents, which encompass the molecular weight range typically found in military jet fuel (JP-8), were added both individually and as a blend to an FT fuel at varying concentrations. The seal-swell capability of the solvents was inferred using nitrile, fluorosilicone, and fluorocarbon O-rings while the solvent effect on combustion emissions was evaluated using a T63 engine. The studies showed that particulate matter (PM) emissions increased with increasing aromatic molecular weight and concentration, which was attributed to an increase in soot precursors. The seal-swell of nitrile rubber was most strongly affected by the addition of aromatics in the form of alkyl-naphthalenes as compared to alkyl-benzenes. This result was attributed to the decreasing molar volume and increasing polarity and hydrogen-bonding potential for the larger aromatics, primarily naphthalene and corresponding derivatives. Results showed that the desired swell characteristics and relatively low PM emissions can be achieved with the solvents evaluated in this study. The overall relation between PM emissions production and volume swell showed that all solvents considered had comparable dependence, which suggests that it may be possible to predict these interdependent variables. Overall, this study provided an initial assessment and basis for subsequent evaluations of potential feedstocks for blending in FT fuels to achieve FFP requirements. Future studies will evaluate additional elastomer materials and individual aromatic species while characterizing the emissions production on varying combustion platforms.
C1 [DeWitt, Matthew J.; Graham, John] Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
[Corporan, Edwin; Minus, Donald] USAF, Res Lab, Fuels Branch AFRL PRTG, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP DeWitt, MJ (reprint author), Univ Dayton, Res Inst, 300 Coll Pk, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
EM matthew.dewitt@wpafb.af.mil
NR 20
TC 41
Z9 42
U1 3
U2 15
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0887-0624
J9 ENERG FUEL
JI Energy Fuels
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2008
VL 22
IS 4
BP 2411
EP 2418
DI 10.1021/ef78001179
PG 8
WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical
SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA 328IX
UT WOS:000257793200038
ER
PT J
AU Schneider, S
Hawkins, T
Rosander, M
Vaghjiani, G
Chambreau, S
Drake, G
AF Schneider, Stefan
Hawkins, Tommy
Rosander, Michael
Vaghjiani, Ghanshyam
Chambreau, Steven
Drake, Gregory
TI Ionic liquids as hypergolic fuels
SO ENERGY & FUELS
LA English
DT Article
ID SALTS; DICYANAMIDE
C1 [Schneider, Stefan; Hawkins, Tommy; Rosander, Michael; Vaghjiani, Ghanshyam; Chambreau, Steven] USAF, Res Lab, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA.
[Drake, Gregory] USA, Aviat & Missile Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Prop & Struct Directorate, AMSRD AMR PS PT, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA.
RP Schneider, S (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, 10 E Saturn Blvd,Bldg 8451, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA.
EM stefan.schneider@edwards.af.mil
NR 14
TC 133
Z9 140
U1 4
U2 45
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0887-0624
J9 ENERG FUEL
JI Energy Fuels
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2008
VL 22
IS 4
BP 2871
EP 2872
DI 10.1021/ef800286b
PG 2
WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical
SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA 328IX
UT WOS:000257793200100
ER
PT J
AU Cerny, J
Fadare, O
Hutchinson, L
Wang, SA
AF Cerny, Jan
Fadare, Oluwole
Hutchinson, Lloyd
Wang, Sa A.
TI Clinicopathological features of extramedullary recurrence/relapse of
multiple myeloma
SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE multiple myeloma; extramedullary relapse; histology; CD56; therapy;
survival
ID STEM-CELL TRANSPLANTATION; BONE-MARROW; PLASMACYTOMA; THALIDOMIDE;
RELAPSE; PROGRESSION; PATTERNS; THERAPY; ABSENCE; CD56
AB Extramedullary relapses of multiple myeloma (MM) during the course of disease are rare. We report a series of six patients with primary intramedullary MM that were treated with immunomodulatory therapy and/or stem cell transplant, and that later developed extramedullary relapses at various body sites. These six cases represent 3.9% of the 156 patients treated for MM at our institution over a 9-yr period (1999-2007). Five (83.3%) of the six cases showed immature/high-grade histology in the extramedullary relapses as compared with their antecedent MM. The neural cell adhesion molecule, CD56, was immunohistochemically demonstrable in 75% (three of four) of the original myelomas tested, but was absent in 83.3% (five of six) of their extramedullary relapses. The disease typically behaved aggressively and was rapidly fatal in all six patients even when therapy was administered. The median time of progression to extramedullary relapse was 29 months (range 9-64 months), and the median survival after diagnosis of the relapses was only 38 d (range 1-106 d). Our case series shows that extramedullary relapse of MM is characterized by high-grade histology, loss of CD56 expression, frequent resistance to current therapeutic regimens, aggressive biological behavior, and very short survival.
C1 [Hutchinson, Lloyd; Wang, Sa A.] Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, UMass Mem Med Ctr, Worcester, MA 01605 USA.
[Cerny, Jan] Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Div Hematol Oncol, UMass Mem Med Ctr,Dept Internal Med, Worcester, MA 01605 USA.
[Fadare, Oluwole] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
[Fadare, Oluwole] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA.
RP Wang, SA (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, UMass Mem Med Ctr, 3 Biotech,1 Innovat Dr, Worcester, MA 01605 USA.
EM wanga@ummhc.org
FU NCI NIH HHS [P30 CA016672]
NR 21
TC 16
Z9 19
U1 0
U2 1
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0902-4441
J9 EUR J HAEMATOL
JI Eur. J. Haematol.
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 81
IS 1
BP 65
EP 69
DI 10.1111/j.1600-0609.2008.01087.x
PG 5
WC Hematology
SC Hematology
GA 315BS
UT WOS:000256853500009
PM 18462256
ER
PT J
AU Jones, IK
Zhou, YX
Jeelani, S
Mabry, JM
AF Jones, I. K.
Zhou, Y. X.
Jeelani, S.
Mabry, J. M.
TI Effect of polyhedral-oligomeric-sil-sesquioxanes on thermal and
mechanical behavior of SC-15 epoxy
SO EXPRESS POLYMER LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE nanocomposite; epoxy; POSS; thermal and mechanical properties
ID SILSESQUIOXANES POSS; NANOCOMPOSITES; COMPOSITES; NANO; POLYMERS; CLAY
AB In this study, thermal and mechanical properties of nanocomposites containing SC-15 epoxy resin and polyhedral-oligomeric-sil-sesquioxanes (POSS) have been studied. Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) results show that the addition of 5 wt% of POSS yielded a 13% increase in the storage modulus and a 16 degrees C enhancement in T(g). Thermo gravimetric Analysis (TGA) results show that the thermal stability of epoxy increased with higher POSS content. Tension tests were used to evaluate the mechanical properties of materials. Both modulus and tensile strength are linear functions of POSS content. Scanning Electric Microscopy (SEM) pictures of fracture surfaces show that the roughness of the fracture surfaces of epoxy increased after adding POSS. Based on experiment results, a three-parameter nonlinear constitutive equation was developed to describe the strain-softening stress-strain relationship behavior of materials. The parameters in this model are the elastic modulus, a strain exponent, m, and a compliance factor, beta. Their relationships to the POSS weight fraction were obtained from the experiment results. The simulated stress-strain curves from the model agree with the test data. Analysis of the model shows that both the strain exponent, m, which controls the strain softening and hardening effect of the material, and the compliance parameter, beta, which controls the flow stress level of the material, increase with higher POSS content.
C1 [Jones, I. K.; Zhou, Y. X.; Jeelani, S.] Tuskegee Univ, Ctr Adv Mat, Tuskegee, AL 36088 USA.
[Mabry, J. M.] USAF, Res Lab, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA.
RP Zhou, YX (reprint author), Tuskegee Univ, Ctr Adv Mat, Tuskegee, AL 36088 USA.
EM yzhou@tuskegee.edu
FU National Science Foundation
FX The authors would like to gratefully acknowledge the support of the
National Science Foundation.
NR 29
TC 14
Z9 16
U1 1
U2 8
PU BUDAPEST UNIV TECHNOL & ECON
PI BUDAPEST
PA DEPT POLYMER ENG, MUEGYETEM RKP 3, BUDAPEST, H-1111, HUNGARY
SN 1788-618X
J9 EXPRESS POLYM LETT
JI Express Polym. Lett.
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 2
IS 7
BP 494
EP 501
DI 10.3144/expresspolymlett.2008.59
PG 8
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 411XM
UT WOS:000263686900005
ER
PT J
AU Fadare, O
Wang, SA
Hileeto, D
AF Fadare, Oluwole
Wang, Sa A.
Hileeto, Denise
TI Pure or mixed-type invasive lobular carcinoma - reply
SO HUMAN PATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Letter
C1 [Fadare, Oluwole] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
[Fadare, Oluwole] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA.
[Wang, Sa A.] Univ Massachusetts, Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Worcester, MA 01605 USA.
[Hileeto, Denise] McMaster Univ, Dept Pathol, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
RP Fadare, O (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA
SN 0046-8177
J9 HUM PATHOL
JI Hum. Pathol.
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 39
IS 7
BP 1121
EP 1121
DI 10.1016/j.humpath.2008.04.003
PG 1
WC Pathology
SC Pathology
GA 320VX
UT WOS:000257264300021
ER
PT J
AU Mortari, D
Wilkins, MP
AF Mortari, Daniele
Wilkins, Matthew P.
TI Flower Constellation Set Theory Part I: Compatibility and Phasing
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
AB Flower Constellations are special satellite constellations whose satellites follow the same 3-dimensional space track with respect to assigned rotating reference frame. This paper presents the theoretical foundation of compatibility and phasing of the Flower Constellations. Compatibility is the synchronization property of a Flower Constellation with respect to a rotating reference frame while phasing dictates the satellite distribution property. Compatibility and phasing, which are ruled by a set of five independent integer parameters, constitute the two main properties of the Flower Constellations. In particular, the dual-compatible Flower Constellations theory, which allows a simultaneous synchronization of the Flower Constellation dynamics with two independent rotating reference frames, is introduced. Meaningful examples and potential applications are briefly discussed.
C1 [Mortari, Daniele] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Aerosp Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
[Wilkins, Matthew P.] USAF, Maui Opt & Supercomp Ctr Kihei, Maui, HI USA.
[Wilkins, Matthew P.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA.
RP Mortari, D (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Aerosp Engn, HR Bright Bldg,Room 611C,Ross St,TAMU3141, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
EM mortari@aero.tamu.edu; mpwilkins@gmail.com
NR 27
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 0018-9251
J9 IEEE T AERO ELEC SYS
JI IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst.
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 44
IS 3
BP 953
EP 963
DI 10.1109/TAES.2008.4655355
PG 11
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic;
Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA 364JM
UT WOS:000260332000009
ER
PT J
AU Wilkins, MP
Mortari, D
AF Wilkins, Matthew P.
Mortari, Daniele
TI Flower Constellation Set Theory Part II: Secondary Paths and Equivalency
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
AB In our previous research, the Flower Constellation set theory was introduced but specific details left out. In this work, the particular phasing theory that we have adopted is discussed in full. As a consequence of this choice of parametrization, a new class of orbit theory has emerged: secondary paths (SPs). The theory of SPs is developed and proved in this work. Examples of SPs are presented and discussed. Furthermore, we discuss the equivalency of Flower Constellations and resolve how certain disparate choices of integer parameters can generate identical satellite distributions.
C1 [Wilkins, Matthew P.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA.
[Mortari, Daniele] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Aerosp Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
[Wilkins, Matthew P.] USAF, Schafer Corp, Maui Opt & Supercomp Ctr, Maui, HI 96761 USA.
RP Wilkins, MP (reprint author), USAF, Schafer Corp, Maui Opt & Supercomp Ctr, Maui, HI 96761 USA.
EM mpwilkins@gmail.com
NR 5
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 0018-9251
J9 IEEE T AERO ELEC SYS
JI IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst.
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 44
IS 3
BP 964
EP 976
DI 10.1109/TAES.2008.4655356
PG 13
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic;
Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA 364JM
UT WOS:000260332000010
ER
PT J
AU Wei, LL
Batalama, SN
Pados, DA
Suter, BW
AF Wei, Lili
Batalama, Stella N.
Pados, Dimitris A.
Suter, Bruce W.
TI Adaptive binary signature design for code-division multiplexing
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference (GLOBECOM 06)
CY NOV 27-DEC 01, 2006
CL San Francisco, CA
SP IEEE Commun Soc
DE binary sequences; code-division multiple-access (CDMA); code-division
multiplexing; signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR); signal
waveform design; signature sets; spread-spectrum communications;
ultra-wideband (UWB) communications
ID DS-CDMA SYSTEMS; TOTAL-SQUARED-CORRELATION; KARYSTINOS-PADOS BOUNDS; SUM
CAPACITY; USER-CAPACITY; INTERFERENCE AVOIDANCE; OPTIMAL SEQUENCES;
WIRELESS SYSTEMS; SPREADING CODES; SETS
AB When data symbols modulate a signature waveform to move across a channel in the presence of disturbance, the signature that maximizes the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) at the output of the maximum-SINR filter is the smallest-eigenvalue eigenvector of the disturbance autocovariance matrix. In digital communication systems the signature alphabet is finite and digital signature optimization is NP-hard. In this paper, we present a formal search procedure of cost, upon eigenvector decomposition, log-linear in the signature code length that returns the maximum-SINR binary signature vector near arcs of least SINR decrease from the real maximum SINR solution in the Euclidean vector space. The quality of the proposed adaptive binary designs is measured against the theoretical upper bound of the complex/real eigenvector maximizer.
C1 [Wei, Lili; Batalama, Stella N.; Pados, Dimitris A.] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Elect Engn, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.
[Suter, Bruce W.] USAF, Informat Directorate, Res Lab, Rome, NY USA.
RP Wei, LL (reprint author), SUNY Buffalo, Dept Elect Engn, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.
EM liliwei@eng.buffalo.edu; batalama@eng.buffalo.edu;
pados@eng.buffalo.edu; b.suter@ieee.org
NR 26
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 4
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1536-1276
J9 IEEE T WIREL COMMUN
JI IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun.
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 7
IS 7
BP 2798
EP 2804
DI 10.1109/TWC.2008.070174
PG 7
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA 350PZ
UT WOS:000259366900046
ER
PT J
AU Madison, J
Spowart, JE
Rowenhorst, DJ
Pollock, TM
AF Madison, J.
Spowart, J. E.
Rowenhorst, D. J.
Pollock, T. M.
TI The three-dimensional reconstruction of the dendritic structure at the
solid-liquid interface of a Ni-based single crystal
SO JOM
LA English
DT Article
ID THERMOSOLUTAL CONVECTIVE INSTABILITIES; DIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION;
SUPERALLOY CASTINGS; PB-SN; ALLOYS; PERMEABILITY; NICKEL; FLOW;
MICROSTRUCTURES; STABILIZATION
AB Directional solidification of nickel-based single crystals requires control of the heat transfer fluid flow, and phase transformations at the solid-liquid interface during withdrawal in the Bridgman process. While the morphological details,of the dendritic structure at the solid-liquid interface influence defect formation processes, there is an incomplete understanding of this structure as a function of alloy composition and processing conditions. A three-dimensional serial sectioning and image reconstruction approach for characterization of the solidification front has been developed and structural characteristics of the dendritic structure are quantified.
C1 [Madison, J.; Pollock, T. M.] Univ Michigan, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Spowart, J. E.] USAF, Res Lab, RXLM, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Rowenhorst, D. J.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Madison, J (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
EM jonnymad@umich.edu
NR 27
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 10
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1047-4838
J9 JOM-US
JI JOM
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 60
IS 7
BP 26
EP 30
DI 10.1007/s11837-008-0085-0
PG 5
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy;
Mining & Mineral Processing
GA 323HZ
UT WOS:000257438500005
ER
PT J
AU Vorce, SP
Mallak, CT
Jacobs, A
AF Vorce, Shawn P.
Mallak, Craig T.
Jacobs, Aaron
TI Quantitative analysis of the aminosteroidal non-depolarizing
neuromuscular blocking agent vecuronium by LC-ESI-MS: A postmortem
investigation
SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID INTENSIVE-CARE-UNIT; LONG-TERM INFUSION; ROCURONIUM; METABOLITE; PLASMA;
17-DESACETYLROCURONIUM; QUANTIFICATION; IDENTIFICATION; PARALYSIS;
BROMIDE
C1 [Vorce, Shawn P.] Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Div Forens Toxicol, Rockville, MD 20850 USA.
[Mallak, Craig T.] Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Armed Forces Med Examiner Syst, Rockville, MD 20850 USA.
[Jacobs, Aaron] USAF, Med Operat Agcy, Brooks City Base, TX 78235 USA.
RP Vorce, SP (reprint author), Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Div Forens Toxicol, 1413 Res Blvd,Bldg 102, Rockville, MD 20850 USA.
EM vorce@afip.osd.mil
NR 19
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 2
PU PRESTON PUBL INC
PI NILES
PA 7800 MERRIMAC AVE PO BOX 48312, NILES, IL 60648 USA
SN 0146-4760
J9 J ANAL TOXICOL
JI J. Anal. Toxicol.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2008
VL 32
IS 6
BP 422
EP 427
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Toxicology
SC Chemistry; Toxicology
GA 330QY
UT WOS:000257959100005
PM 18652748
ER
PT J
AU Holler, JM
Bosy, TZ
Dunkley, CS
Levine, B
Past, MR
Jacobs, A
AF Holler, Justin M.
Bosy, Thomas Z.
Dunkley, Christopher S.
Levine, Barry
Past, Marilyn R.
Jacobs, Aaron
TI Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol content of commercially available hemp
products
SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID IMPORTED CANNABIS PRODUCTS; SEED OIL; THC CONTENT; FOOD-PRODUCTS; DRUG
TESTS; CONSUMPTION; URINE; INGESTION; DELTA(9)-THC; MARIJUANA
C1 [Holler, Justin M.; Dunkley, Christopher S.; Levine, Barry; Past, Marilyn R.] Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Armed Forces Med Examiner Syst, Div Forens Toxicol, Rockville, MD 20850 USA.
[Bosy, Thomas Z.] USN, Drug Screening Lab, Air Stn, Jacksonville, FL 32212 USA.
[Jacobs, Aaron] USAF, Med Operat Agcy, Brooks City Base, TX 78235 USA.
RP Holler, JM (reprint author), Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Armed Forces Med Examiner Syst, Div Forens Toxicol, Rockville, MD 20850 USA.
EM Justin.Holler@us.army.mil
NR 22
TC 12
Z9 13
U1 2
U2 16
PU PRESTON PUBL INC
PI NILES
PA 7800 MERRIMAC AVE PO BOX 48312, NILES, IL 60648 USA
SN 0146-4760
J9 J ANAL TOXICOL
JI J. Anal. Toxicol.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2008
VL 32
IS 6
BP 428
EP 432
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Toxicology
SC Chemistry; Toxicology
GA 330QY
UT WOS:000257959100006
PM 18652749
ER
PT J
AU Larson, SJ
Holler, JM
Magluilo, J
Dunkley, CS
Jacobs, A
AF Larson, Scott J.
Holler, Justin M.
Magluilo, Joseph, Jr.
Dunkley, Christopher S.
Jacobs, Aaron
TI Papain adulteration in 11-nor-Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol-9-carboxylic
acid-positive urine samples
SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID PEROXIDASE; WOUNDS
C1 [Larson, Scott J.; Holler, Justin M.; Magluilo, Joseph, Jr.; Dunkley, Christopher S.] Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Armed Forces Med Examiner Syst, Div Forens Toxicol, Rockville, MD 20850 USA.
[Jacobs, Aaron] USAF, Med Operat Agcy, Brooks City Base, TX 78235 USA.
RP Larson, SJ (reprint author), Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Armed Forces Med Examiner Syst, Div Forens Toxicol, Rockville, MD 20850 USA.
EM scott.larson@afip.osd.mil
NR 11
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 2
PU PRESTON PUBL INC
PI NILES
PA 7800 MERRIMAC AVE PO BOX 48312, NILES, IL 60648 USA
SN 0146-4760
J9 J ANAL TOXICOL
JI J. Anal. Toxicol.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2008
VL 32
IS 6
BP 438
EP 443
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Toxicology
SC Chemistry; Toxicology
GA 330QY
UT WOS:000257959100008
PM 18652751
ER
PT J
AU Day, PN
Nguyen, KA
Pachter, R
AF Day, Paul N.
Nguyen, Kiet A.
Pachter, Ruth
TI Calculation of one-photon and two-photon absorption spectra of
porphyrins using time-dependent density functional theory
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL THEORY AND COMPUTATION
LA English
DT Article
ID FREE-BASE PORPHIN; EXCITED-STATES; SAC-CI; ELECTRONIC EXCITATIONS;
PROPERTY RELATIONSHIPS; PERTURBATION-THEORY; EXCHANGE; SPECTROSCOPY;
CHROMOPHORES; POLARIZATION
AB Time-dependent density functional theory has been used to calculate the one-photon and two-photon absorption spectra of free-base porphyrin, a substituted zinc porphyrin, and a zinc porphyrin dimer, in order to assess the validity of the method to reproduce the large increase in the two-photon absorption (TPA) cross-section for the dimer. Three hybrid functionals with varying amounts of exact exchange were tested, and the calculated one-photon absorption spectra for each of the molecular systems were shown to be in qualitative agreement with the measured spectra. All three functionals predict a large enhancement in the TPA cross-section for the dimer relative to the monomer, in agreement with experimental results. However, because of the sensitivity of the resonance enhancement factor to small differences in the relevant state energies, quantitative prediction of the. TPA cross-section by this method is still a challenge.
C1 [Day, Paul N.; Nguyen, Kiet A.; Pachter, Ruth] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Day, Paul N.] Gen Dynam Informat Techno Inc, Dayton, OH 45431 USA.
[Nguyen, Kiet A.] Universal Energy Syst Inc, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
RP Day, PN (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM Paul.Day@wpafb.af.mil; Ruth.Pachter@wpafb.af.mil
NR 70
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1549-9618
EI 1549-9626
J9 J CHEM THEORY COMPUT
JI J. Chem. Theory Comput.
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 4
IS 7
BP 1094
EP 1106
DI 10.1021/ct800080w
PG 13
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 324FJ
UT WOS:000257502800009
PM 26636363
ER
PT J
AU Holden, DT
Schwartz, SA
Kirkpatrick, TC
Schindler, WG
AF Holden, David T.
Schwartz, Scott A.
Kirkpatrick, Timothy C.
Schindler, William G.
TI Clinical outcomes of artificial root-end barriers with mineral trioxide
aggregate in teeth with immature apices
SO JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS
LA English
DT Article
DE apexification; barrier; clinical outcomes; immature apices; MTA
ID ADULT MONKEY TEETH; CALCIUM HYDROXIDE; FILLING MATERIAL; ENDODONTIC
TREATMENT; FRACTURE-RESISTANCE; PERMANENT INCISORS; SEALING ABILITY;
GUTTA-PERCHA; MTA; APEXIFICATION
AB The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes of ProRoot mineral trioxide aggregate used as an artificial apical barrier in teeth with immature apices. Twenty teeth from 19 patients were included in this study. A healed diagnosis was based on periapical index scores of 1 or 2 and no clinical signs or symptoms at recall examinations. Eighty-five percent (17/20) of these teeth were healed, and improvements in periapical index scores at recall appointments were shown to be statistically significant (P <.001, Wilcoxon signed-rank test). Chi-square test indicated that age, gender, primary treatment versus retreatment, presence of preoperative lesion, and differences in recall times did not significantly influence healing outcome. Overall, these results indicated that the mineral trioxide aggregate apical barrier technique is a successful method for obturating teeth with immature apices.
C1 [Holden, David T.; Schwartz, Scott A.; Schindler, William G.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Sch Dent, Dept Endodont, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA.
[Kirkpatrick, Timothy C.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX USA.
RP Holden, DT (reprint author), Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Sch Dent, Dept Endodont, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr,Mail Code 7892, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA.
EM holdend@uthscsa.edu
NR 52
TC 74
Z9 80
U1 1
U2 8
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0099-2399
J9 J ENDODONT
JI J. Endod.
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 34
IS 7
BP 812
EP 817
DI 10.1016/j.joen.2008.04.003
PG 6
WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
GA 320JY
UT WOS:000257230700006
PM 18570985
ER
PT J
AU Cao, YD
Ponnappan, R
AF Cao, Yiding
Ponnappan, Rengasamy
TI A liquid cooler module with carbon foam for electronics cooling
applications
SO JOURNAL OF ENHANCED HEAT TRANSFER
LA English
DT Article
DE carbon foam; liquid cooler module; and electronics cooling applications
ID MEDIA; HEAT
AB A liquid cooler module (LCM) employing high-thermal-conductivity, pitch-based carbon foam, which has effective conductivity of 150 W/m K and porosity of 90%, was studied. This study explores how this high-conductivity carbon foam could enhance liquid convection heat transfer due to the thermal dispersion effect. A three-dimensional numerical study of the carbon foam cooler was carried out. The numerical results indicate that with a heat flux of 100 W/cm(2), the average temperature drop between the substrate and the liquid coolant remained below 20 degrees C. Related experimental study was also conducted and the data were compared with the numerical results.
C1 [Cao, Yiding] Florida Int Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Miami, FL 33199 USA.
[Ponnappan, Rengasamy] USAF, Res Lab, Prop Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Cao, YD (reprint author), Florida Int Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Miami, FL 33199 USA.
EM caoy@fiu.edu
FU NRC/AFOSR
FX Funding for this project was provided in part through the NRC/AFOSR
summer fellowship program and the experimental work was carried out at
the AFRL Propulsion Directorate's Thermal Laboratory. The authors would
like to thank the sponsoring organizations for their support. The
authors would also like to thank Mr. Dick Harris, UDRI for preparing the
test samples and Dr. Lanchao Lin, UES for his valuable suggestions to
solve the substrate temperature measurement problem. Finally, the
authors would like to thank Mr. Zhen Guo at Florida International
University for his assistance in numerical calculation.
NR 8
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU BEGELL HOUSE INC
PI REDDING
PA 50 CROSS HIGHWAY, REDDING, CT 06896 USA
SN 1065-5131
J9 J ENHANC HEAT TRANSF
JI J. Enhanc. Heat Transf.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2008
VL 15
IS 4
BP 313
EP 324
PG 12
WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Thermodynamics; Engineering
GA 347SG
UT WOS:000259160700004
ER
PT J
AU Fosbury, AM
Crassidis, JL
AF Fosbury, Adam M.
Crassidis, John L.
TI Relative navigation of air vehicles
SO JOURNAL OF GUIDANCE CONTROL AND DYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article
ID SPACECRAFT ATTITUDE; TRACKING; SYSTEM
AB This paper derives the full equations of motion for relative navigation of air vehicles. An extended Kalman filter is used for estimating the relative position and attitude of two air vehicles designated leader and follower. All leader states are assumed known, whereas the relative states are estimated using line-of-sight measurements between the vehicles along with acceleration and angular rate measurements of the follower. Noise is present on all measurements, whereas biases are present only on the latter two. The global attitude is parameterized using a quaternion, whereas the local attitude error is given by a three-dimensional attitude representation. An application of the new theoretical developments is also given, which involves determining an optimal trajectory to improve the estimation accuracy of the system. A cost function is derived based upon the relative position elements of the estimator covariance. State constraints are appended to the cost function using an exponential term. Results show that minimization of this cost function yields a trajectory that improves accuracy of both the position and attitude state estimates.
C1 [Fosbury, Adam M.] USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA.
[Crassidis, John L.] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Amherst, NY 14260 USA.
RP Fosbury, AM (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA.
EM afrl.rvsv@kirtland.af.mil; johnc@eng.buffalo.edu
NR 34
TC 19
Z9 24
U1 1
U2 5
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0731-5090
J9 J GUID CONTROL DYNAM
JI J. Guid. Control Dyn.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2008
VL 31
IS 4
BP 824
EP 834
DI 10.2514/1.33698
PG 11
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA 324YW
UT WOS:000257556300003
ER
PT J
AU Sigthorsson, DO
Jankovsky, P
Serrani, A
Yurkovich, S
Bolender, MA
Doman, DB
AF Sigthorsson, David O.
Jankovsky, Pete
Serrani, Andrea
Yurkovich, Stephen
Bolender, Michael A.
Doman, David B.
TI Robust linear output feedback control of an airbreathing hypersonic
vehicle
SO JOURNAL OF GUIDANCE CONTROL AND DYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article
ID SENSOR PLACEMENT; CONTROL DESIGN; SERVOMECHANISM PROBLEM; MODEL;
DYNAMICS; SYSTEMS
AB This paper addresses issues related to robust output-feedback control for a model of an airbreathing hypersonic vehicle. The control objective is to provide robust velocity and altitude tracking in the presence of model uncertainties and varying flight conditions, using only limited state information. A baseline control design based on a robust full-order observer is shown to provide, in nonlinear simulations, insufficient robustness with respect to variations of the vehicle dynamics due to fuel consumption. An alternative approach to robust output-feedback design, which does not employ state estimation, is presented and shown to provide an increased level of performance. The proposed methodology reposes upon robust servomechanism theory and makes use of a novel internal model design. Robust compensation of the unstable zero dynamics of the plant is achieved by using measurements of pitch rate. The selection of the plant's output map by sensor placement is an integral part of the control design procedures, accomplished by preserving certain system structures that are favorable for robust control design. The performance of each controller is comparatively evaluated by means of simulations of a full nonlinear model of the vehicle dynamics and is tested on a given range of operating conditions.
C1 [Sigthorsson, David O.; Jankovsky, Pete; Serrani, Andrea; Yurkovich, Stephen] Ohio State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Bolender, Michael A.; Doman, David B.] USAF, Res Lab, Air Vehicles Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Sigthorsson, DO (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 2015 Neil Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
NR 52
TC 112
Z9 137
U1 6
U2 42
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0731-5090
J9 J GUID CONTROL DYNAM
JI J. Guid. Control Dyn.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2008
VL 31
IS 4
BP 1052
EP 1066
DI 10.2514/1.32300
PG 15
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA 324YW
UT WOS:000257556300024
ER
PT J
AU Tuder, D
Frome, B
Green, DP
AF Tuder, Dmitry
Frome, Britt
Green, David P.
TI Radiographic spectrum of severity in Madelung's deformity
SO JOURNAL OF HAND SURGERY-AMERICAN VOLUME
LA English
DT Article
DE deformity; Madelung; severity; x-ray
AB Purpose To establish whether Madelung's deformity demonstrates a radiographic continuum of severity and whether a forme fruste does exist.
Methods Ulnar tilt, lunate subsidence, palmar carpal displacement, and lunate fossa angle were measured in 81 wrist radiographs with obvious or suspected Madelung's deformity. Statistical analyses based on these measurements were performed to ascertain if there is a deformity continuum.
Results Ranges of 15 degrees to 51 degrees (mean, 28 degrees) for ulnar tilt, -7 to +11 mm (mean, -0.8 mm) for Innate subsidence, 9 to 25 mm (mean, 15.3 mm) for palmar carpal displacement, and 20 degrees to 56 degrees (mean, 33 degrees) for lunate fossa angle were obtained. Significant correlations were observed between all measurements.
Conclusions Madelung's deformity encompasses a spectrum of radiographic abnormality.
C1 [Tuder, Dmitry] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA.
Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Orthopaed, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA.
Hand Ctr San Antonio, San Antonio, TX USA.
RP Tuder, D (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, 2200 Bergquist Dr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA.
EM digitdoc@gmail.com
NR 12
TC 3
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 2
PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA
SN 0363-5023
EI 1531-6564
J9 J HAND SURG-AM
JI J. Hand Surg.-Am. Vol.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2008
VL 33A
IS 6
BP 900
EP 904
DI 10.1016/j.jhsa.2008.01.031
PG 5
WC Orthopedics; Surgery
SC Orthopedics; Surgery
GA 337IU
UT WOS:000258430600016
PM 18656763
ER
PT J
AU Catano, G
Agan, BK
Kulkarni, H
Telles, V
Marconi, VC
Dolan, MJ
Ahuja, SK
AF Catano, Gabriel
Agan, Brian K.
Kulkarni, Hemant
Telles, Vanessa
Marconi, Vincent C.
Dolan, Matthew J.
Ahuja, Sunil K.
TI Independent effects of genetic variations in mannose-binding lectin
influence the course of HIV disease: The advantage of heterozygosity for
coding mutations
SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Experimental Biology 2004 Annual Meeting
CY APR 17-21, 2004
CL Washington, DC
ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; DELAYED-TYPE HYPERSENSITIVITY; COMPLEMENT
ACTIVATION; TYPE-1 INFECTION; PROTEIN GENE; ANTITUMOR-ACTIVITY; AIDS
PROGRESSION; MODIFIER GENES; VIRAL-LOAD; IN-VITRO
AB Background. The in vivo impact of mannose-binding lectin (MBL), a molecule involved in innate immunity, on the pathogenesis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 infection and AIDS is unknown.
Methods. A total of 1102 HIV-positive and 2213 HIV-negative adult subjects were screened for polymorphisms in the coding and promoter regions of MBL2, the gene that encodes MBL.
Results. Variations in MBL2 did not influence the risk of acquiring HIV-1. Heterozygosity for coding mutations (O allele) and homozygosity for the-221 promoter polymorphism (X allele) in MBL2 were associated with a delay in and an accelerated rate of disease progression, respectively. MBL2 variations influenced the rate of progression to AIDS-defining illnesses. In a multivariate model, the effects of MBL2 variations were independent of several parameters known to influence disease progression, including steady-state viral load, baseline CD4(+) T cell counts, and delayed-type hypersensitivity skin test responses, an in vivo marker of cell-mediated immunity. The effects of MBL2 variations were most evident in those who possessed protective genotypes of CCR5 and a high copy number of CCL3L1, the most potent HIV-suppressive CCR5 ligand.
Conclusions. MBL2 genotypes are independent determinants of HIV disease progression and heterozygosity for MBL2 coding mutations confer disease-retarding effects. MBL-dependent immune responses may play a role in the pathogenesis of HIV infection.
C1 [Catano, Gabriel; Kulkarni, Hemant; Telles, Vanessa; Ahuja, Sunil K.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Vet Administrat Res Ctr AIDS & HIV 1 Infect, S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA.
[Catano, Gabriel; Kulkarni, Hemant; Telles, Vanessa; Ahuja, Sunil K.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA.
[Ahuja, Sunil K.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Microbiol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA.
[Ahuja, Sunil K.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Immunol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA.
[Ahuja, Sunil K.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Biochem, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA.
[Agan, Brian K.; Marconi, Vincent C.; Dolan, Matthew J.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
[Agan, Brian K.; Dolan, Matthew J.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Henry M Jackson Fdn, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
[Agan, Brian K.; Marconi, Vincent C.; Dolan, Matthew J.] San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA.
[Catano, Gabriel; Marconi, Vincent C.; Dolan, Matthew J.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Infect Dis Clin Res Program, Bethesda, MD USA.
RP Ahuja, SK (reprint author), Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, VA HIV AIDS Ctr, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA.
EM mdolan@idcrp.org; ahujas@uthscsa.edu
RI Marconi, Vincent/N-3210-2014;
OI Marconi, Vincent/0000-0001-8409-4689; Agan, Brian/0000-0002-5114-1669
FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI043279, HU0001-05-2-0011, R37 AI046326]; NIMH NIH
HHS [R01 MH069270]
NR 48
TC 28
Z9 31
U1 1
U2 3
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1537-6613
J9 J INFECT DIS
JI J. Infect. Dis.
PD JUL 1
PY 2008
VL 198
IS 1
BP 72
EP 80
DI 10.1086/588712
PG 9
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
GA 311XD
UT WOS:000256632800014
PM 18498240
ER
PT J
AU Makuria, AT
Rushing, EJ
McGrail, KM
Hartmann, DP
Azumi, N
Ozdemirli, M
AF Makuria, Addisalem T.
Rushing, Elisabeth J.
McGrail, Kevin M.
Hartmann, Dan-Paul
Azumi, Norio
Ozdemirli, Metin
TI Atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor (AT/RT) in adults: review of four cases
SO JOURNAL OF NEURO-ONCOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE adult; atypical teratoid; rhabdoid; immunohistochemistry; INI1; hSNF5
ID CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; CHROMATIN REMODELING COMPLEX; SWI-SNF COMPLEX;
TERATOID/RHABDOID TUMORS; WILMS-TUMOR; CELL-GROWTH; BRAIN; HSNF5/INI1;
CHILDREN; ENTITY
AB Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid (AT/RT) tumor is a rare, highly malignant tumor of the central nervous system (CNS) most commonly found in children less than 5 years of age. Although the vast majority of cases are diagnosed in young children, there have been isolated case reports in adults. Since its histological appearance can be confused with other tumors, especially in adults, separating AT/RT from other neoplasms may be difficult. In many instances, a reliable diagnosis is not possible without demonstrating the lack of nuclear INI1 protein expression by immunohistochemical methods. The patients (three males and one female) ranged in age from 23 to 42 years (mean age, 32 years). Radiographically, two tumors were localized in the right fronto-parietal region, one was frontal and the other was found in the left temporal lobe. Varying degrees of hydrocephalus and heterogeneous enhancement were present on MRI. In all cases, diagnosis during intraoperative consultation and preliminary diagnosis was different from the final diagnosis after immunohistochemical analysis. Immunohistochemical staining showed that the tumor cells were positive for vimentin and reacted variably for keratin, epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), synaptophysin, neurofilament protein, CD34, and smooth muscle actin (SMA). All were negative for GFAP, S-100, desmin and CD99. Three of the four cases lacked nuclear expression of INI1. One patient is alive with no evidence of disease 17 years after the diagnosis. In adult examples of AT/RT, the diagnosis requires a high index of suspicion, with early tissue diagnosis and a low threshold for investigation with INI1 immunohistochemistry to differentiate this entity from other morphologically similar tumors. Although the prognosis is dismal in pediatric population, long term survival is possible in adult AT/RT cases after surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy.
C1 [Makuria, Addisalem T.; Hartmann, Dan-Paul; Azumi, Norio; Ozdemirli, Metin] Georgetown Univ Hosp, Dept Pathol, Washington, DC 20007 USA.
[Rushing, Elisabeth J.] USAF, Inst Pathol, Dept Neuropathol & Ophthalm Pathol, Washington, DC 20330 USA.
[McGrail, Kevin M.] Georgetown Univ Hosp, Dept Neurosurg, Washington, DC 20007 USA.
RP Ozdemirli, M (reprint author), Georgetown Univ Hosp, Dept Pathol, 3900 Reservoir Rd,NW, Washington, DC 20007 USA.
EM mo7@georgetown.edu
NR 40
TC 31
Z9 33
U1 1
U2 2
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0167-594X
J9 J NEURO-ONCOL
JI J. Neuro-Oncol.
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 88
IS 3
BP 321
EP 330
DI 10.1007/s11060-008-9571-z
PG 10
WC Oncology; Clinical Neurology
SC Oncology; Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 307SZ
UT WOS:000256339900011
PM 18369529
ER
PT J
AU Smith, R
Lin, J
Adelson, PD
Kochanek, P
Fink, E
Wisniewski, S
Bayir, H
Clark, RSB
Brown, D
Bell, M
AF Smith, Rebecca
Lin, John
Adelson, P. David
Kochanek, Patrick
Fink, Ericka
Wisniewski, Stephan
Bayir, Hulya
Clark, Robert S. B.
Brown, Danni
Bell, Michael
TI Effects of hyperglycemia on outcome in severe traumatic brain injury
(STBI) in children
SO JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 26th Annual National-Neurotrauma-Society Symposium
CY JUL 27-30, 2008
CL Orlando, FL
SP Natl Neurotrauma Soc
C1 [Smith, Rebecca; Adelson, P. David; Kochanek, Patrick; Fink, Ericka; Wisniewski, Stephan; Bayir, Hulya; Clark, Robert S. B.; Brown, Danni; Bell, Michael] Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA.
[Lin, John] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA.
RI Kochanek, Patrick/D-2371-2015
OI Kochanek, Patrick/0000-0002-2627-913X
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC
PI NEW ROCHELLE
PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA
SN 0897-7151
J9 J NEUROTRAUM
JI J. Neurotrauma
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 25
IS 7
MA P117
BP 883
EP 883
PG 1
WC Critical Care Medicine; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences
SC General & Internal Medicine; Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 326BX
UT WOS:000257634000127
ER
PT J
AU Ross, MD
Cheeks, JM
AF Ross, Michael D.
Cheeks, John M.
TI Clinical decision making associated with an undetected odontoid fracture
in an older individual referred to physical therapy for the treatment of
neck pain
SO JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC & SPORTS PHYSICAL THERAPY
LA English
DT Article
DE cervical spine; dens fracture; diagnostic imaging; differential
diagnosis
ID CERVICAL-SPINE INJURIES; PLAIN RADIOGRAPHY; ELDERLY PATIENTS; BLUNT
TRAUMA; RISK-FACTORS; FALLS; COMMUNITY; SCREEN; REDUCE; RULE
AB STUDY DESIGN: Resident's case problem.
BACKGROUND: The purpose of this paper is to provide the examination of and decision-making process for a patient who was referred to physical therapy for the treatment of neck pain following trauma. She was found to have an underlying odontoid fracture that precluded physical therapy intervention.
DIAGNOSIS: This case involved a 73-year-old woman who had a sudden onset of neck and left upper extremity pain after a fall 15 days prior to her initial physical therapy visit. Conventional cervical spine radiographs completed I day prior to her initial physical therapy visit were negative for a fracture. However, several components of this patient's history and physical examination were consistent with a condition for which physical therapy intervention would not be indicated until more definitive cervical spine diagnostic imaging had been completed; more specifically, the physical therapist was primarily concerned about the possibility of an undetected fracture. The referring physician was contacted and immediate magnetic resonance imaging was requested, which revealed a type II fracture of the odontoid. Thirty-four days after her fall, the patient underwent a C1-C2 fusion.
DISCUSSION: When evaluating patients with neck pain who have a history of cervical spine trauma, it is important that physical therapists understand the clinical findings associated with cervical spine fractures, as these findings provide guidance for the use of cervical spine diagnostic imaging and medical referral prior to implementing physical therapy interventions.
C1 [Ross, Michael D.] USAF, David Grant Med Ctr, Dept Phys Therapy, Travis AFB, CA USA.
[Cheeks, John M.] Univ Indianapolis, Krannert Sch Phys Therapy, Doctor Hlth Sci Program, Indianapolis, IN USA.
RP Ross, MD (reprint author), 107 Glenn Ct, Travis AFB, CA 94535 USA.
EM michael.ross2@travis.af.mil
NR 24
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 2
PU J O S P T,
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 1111 NORTH FAIRFAX ST, STE 100, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1436 USA
SN 0190-6011
J9 J ORTHOP SPORT PHYS
JI J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther.
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 38
IS 7
BP 418
EP 424
DI 10.2519/jospt.2008.2687
PG 7
WC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences
SC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences
GA 327IW
UT WOS:000257723800005
PM 18591762
ER
PT J
AU Jacobsen, LS
Carter, CD
Jackson, TA
Williams, S
Bamett, J
Tam, CJ
Baurle, RA
Bivolaru, D
Kuo, S
AF Jacobsen, Lance S.
Carter, Campbell D.
Jackson, Thomas A.
Williams, Skip
Bamett, Jack
Tam, Chung-Jen
Baurle, Robert A.
Bivolaru, Daniel
Kuo, Spencer
TI Plasma-assisted ignition in scramjets
SO JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT AIAA 41st Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit
CY JAN 06-09, 2003
CL RENO, NV
SP Amer Inst Aeronaut & Astronaut
ID TORCH IGNITER
AB This study assesses the prospect of main-fuel ignition with plasma-generating devices in a supersonic flow. Progress from this study has established baseline conditions for operation, such as the required operational time of a device to initiate a combustion shock train as predicted by computational fluid dynamics computations. Two plasma torches were investigated: a direct current constricted-arc design and an alternating current unconstricted-arc design based on a modified spark plug. Both plasma torches are realistic in size and operate within the same current and voltage constraints, although differing substantially in orifice geometry. to compare the potential of each concept, the flow physics of each part of the igniter/fuel-injector/combustor system was studied. To understand the constraints involved with the ignition process of a hydrocarbon fuel jet, an experimental effort to study gaseous and liquid hydrocarbons was conducted, involving the testing of ethylene and JP-7 fuels with nitrogen and air plasmas. Results from individual igniter studies have shown plasma igniters to produce hot pockets of highly excited gas with peak temperatures up to 5000 K at only 2 kW total input power. In addition, ethylene and JP-7 flames with a significant level of the hydroxyl radical, as determined by planar laser-induced fluorescence, were also produced in a Mach 2 supersonic flow with a total temperature and pressure of 590 K and 5.4 atm. Information from these experiments is being applied to the generation of constraints and the development of a configuration with perceived high ignition potential in full scramjet combustor testing.
C1 [Jacobsen, Lance S.; Carter, Campbell D.; Jackson, Thomas A.; Williams, Skip; Bamett, Jack] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Tam, Chung-Jen; Baurle, Robert A.] Taitech Inc, Beavercreek, OH 45430 USA.
[Bivolaru, Daniel; Kuo, Spencer] Polytech Univ, Brooklyn, NY 11201 USA.
RP Jacobsen, LS (reprint author), GoHYPERSONIC Inc, 714 E Monument Ave,Suite 201, Dayton, OH 45402 USA.
NR 27
TC 20
Z9 21
U1 1
U2 21
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0748-4658
J9 J PROPUL POWER
JI J. Propul. Power
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2008
VL 24
IS 4
BP 641
EP 654
DI 10.2514/1.27358
PG 14
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 327ID
UT WOS:000257721900001
ER
PT J
AU Tucker, KC
King, PI
Schauer, FR
AF Tucker, K. Colin
King, Paul I.
Schauer, Frederick R.
TI Hydrocarbon fuel flash vaporization for pulsed detonation combustion
SO JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER
LA English
DT Article
ID MIXTURES; AIR
AB Practical operation of pulsed detonation propulsion requires operation on kerosene-based jet fuels. These low vapor pressure fuels remain in liquid form at typical pulsed detonation inlet conditions and residence times, and the subsequent presence of fuel droplets significantly slows the combustion and hinders engine operability. A fuel flash vaporization system was designed and built to reduce evaporation time and provide gaseous fuel to the pulsed detonation engine. Four fuels that vary in volatility were tested: n-heptane, isooctane, aviation gasoline, and JP-8. Results showed the flash vaporization system quickly provides a detonable mixture for all of the fuels tested without coking the fuel lines. A significant result of this work was the successful detonation of flash vaporized JP-8 in air over a range of fuel temperatures and fuel-to-air ratios.
C1 [Tucker, K. Colin] USAF, Res Lab, Eglin AFB, FL 32542 USA.
[King, Paul I.] USAF, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Schauer, Frederick R.] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Tucker, KC (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Eglin AFB, FL 32542 USA.
NR 31
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 1
U2 6
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0748-4658
J9 J PROPUL POWER
JI J. Propul. Power
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2008
VL 24
IS 4
BP 788
EP 796
DI 10.2514/1.28412
PG 9
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 327ID
UT WOS:000257721900017
ER
PT J
AU Sommerville, JD
King, LB
Chiu, YH
Dressler, RA
AF Sommerville, Jason D.
King, Lyon B.
Chiu, Yu-Hui
Dressler, Rainer A.
TI Ion-collision emission excitation cross sections for xenon electric
thruster plasmas
SO JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER
LA English
DT Article
ID IMPULSE HALL THRUSTERS; SPECTROSCOPY; PLUME; FIELD
AB Energetic xenon ion collisions with neutral xenon atoms play an important role in electric thruster plasma radiation at low electron temperatures. The respective emission excitation cross sections are necessary for the derivation of plasma parameters from the observed radiance. We present apparent emission excitation cross sections for near-infrared 5p(5)6p to 5p(5)6s transitions of neutral xenon impacted by singly and doubly charged xenon ions. The cross sections were measured over a laboratory energy-per-charge-number range of 100 to 900 eV, a range that covers typical Hall effect thruster discharge voltages. The cross sections are derived from ion beam luminescence spectra produced at single-collision conditions and at pressures for which radiation trapping effects were shown to be negligible. The Xe+ cross sections are significantly higher than those of Xe2+ and increase with energy throughout the investigated range. The Xe2+ cross sections plateau at approximately 600 eV. The cross sections are incorporated in a collisional-radiative model. The calculations of near-infrared spectra demonstrate that the sensitivity of the model diagnostic with respect to electron temperature increases with ion energy.
C1 [Sommerville, Jason D.; King, Lyon B.] Michigan Technol Univ, Houghton, MI 49931 USA.
[Chiu, Yu-Hui; Dressler, Rainer A.] USAF, Res Lab, Hanscom AF Base, Bedford, MA 01731 USA.
RP Sommerville, JD (reprint author), Michigan Technol Univ, Houghton, MI 49931 USA.
NR 36
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 9
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0748-4658
J9 J PROPUL POWER
JI J. Propul. Power
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2008
VL 24
IS 4
BP 880
EP 888
DI 10.2514/1.33657
PG 9
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 327ID
UT WOS:000257721900027
ER
PT J
AU Phillips, GT
Perram, GP
AF Phillips, Grady T.
Perram, Glen P.
TI Pressure broadening by argon in the hyperfine resolved P(10) and P(70)
(17,1) transitions of I(2) X(1)Sigma(0(g)(+))-> B(3)Pi(0(u)(+)) using
sub-Doppler laser saturation spectroscopy
SO JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER
LA English
DT Article
DE sub-Doppler laser saturation spectroscopy; pressure broadening;
hyperfine; iodine
ID MOLECULAR-IODINE; DYE-LASER; FREQUENCY STABILIZATION; ABSORPTION-LINES;
543 NM; FLUORESCENCE; I-127(2); LIFETIMES; STANDARD; SPECTRUM
AB The dependence of pressure broadening upon hyperfine component in the P(10) and P(70) lines of the (17, 1) band of the I(2) X(1)Sigma(0(g)(+))-> B(3)Pi(0(u)(+)) has been studied using laser saturation spectroscopy. By limiting absorption to the zero velocity group, Doppler broadening is removed, lineshapes with widths (FWHM) < 9 MHz are detectable, and collision-induced broadening is measured at pressures of 0.2-1.2 Torr. The rates for broadening by argon are 8.3 +/- 0.3 and 10.7 +/- 0.4 MHz/ Torr for the P(70) and P(10) lines, respectively. No significant variation in broadening rates is observed for the 15 hyperfine components of these even rotational lines. The effects of velocity cross-relaxation introduce a broad baseline into the spectra, which is strongly dependent on rotational state, pressure, and laser modulation frequency. The observed broadening rates correlate well with prior measurements and the polarizability of the collision partner. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Phillips, Grady T.; Perram, Glen P.] USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Engn Phys, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Perram, GP (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Engn Phys, 2950 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM glen.perram@afit.edu
NR 43
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 5
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0022-4073
J9 J QUANT SPECTROSC RA
JI J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transf.
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 109
IS 10
BP 1875
EP 1885
DI 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2007.12.011
PG 11
WC Optics; Spectroscopy
SC Optics; Spectroscopy
GA 313JZ
UT WOS:000256738200012
ER
PT J
AU Josyula, E
Arslanbekov, RR
Kolobov, VI
Gimelshein, SF
AF Josyula, Eswar
Arslanbekov, Robert R.
Kolobov, Vladimir I.
Gimelshein, Sergey F.
TI Evaluation of kinetic/continuum solver for hypersonic nozzle-plume flow
SO JOURNAL OF SPACECRAFT AND ROCKETS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT AIAA 45th Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit
CY JAN 08-11, 2007
CL Reno, NV
SP Amer Inst Aeronaut & Astronaut
ID SIMULATION MONTE-CARLO; RAREFIED-GAS DYNAMICS; BOLTZMANN-EQUATION;
VIBRATIONAL-RELAXATION; CONVERGENCE PROOF; DIATOMIC GASES; CONTINUUM;
NITROGEN
AB The objective of this study is to evaluate the predictive capability and numerical efficiency of a newly developed combined kinetic/continuum approach incorporated in the unified flow solver in application to complex expanding nozzle-plume flows. The results of numerical simulations of a steady-state nitrogen flow expanding from a hypersonic nozzle into a low-density stagnant gas are presented. The Euler equations are solved in high-density continuum regions, whereas the direct solution of the Boltzmann equation is conducted in the low-density noncontinuum regions. The appropriate set of equations, kinetic or continuum, are solved using a dynamically adaptive mesh and an automatic domain decomposition feature. The nozzle rotational and vibrational temperature predictions are compared with existing temperature data obtained in the NASA Electric Arc Shock Tube facility. A direct simulation Monte Carlo solver, SMILE, was run for the plume domain to provide a reference numerical solution. Detailed comparison of united flow solver predictions of plume macroparameters with those of SMILE is satisfactory in the majority of the flowfield; in other parts, however, the differences are significant and clearly demonstrate the need for proper treatment of the numerical parameters in the two methodologies.
C1 [Josyula, Eswar] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Arslanbekov, Robert R.; Kolobov, Vladimir I.] CFD Res Corp, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA.
[Gimelshein, Sergey F.] Univ So Calif, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
NR 52
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0022-4650
J9 J SPACECRAFT ROCKETS
JI J. Spacecr. Rockets
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2008
VL 45
IS 4
BP 665
EP 676
DI 10.2514/1.35431
PG 12
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 336UH
UT WOS:000258389600002
ER
PT J
AU Bayley, DJ
Hartfield, RJ
Burkhalter, JE
Jenkins, RM
AF Bayley, Douglas J.
Hartfield, Roy J., Jr.
Burkhalter, John E.
Jenkins, Rhonald M.
TI Design optimization of a space launch vehicle using a genetic algorithm
SO JOURNAL OF SPACECRAFT AND ROCKETS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC 48th Structures, Structural Dynamics, and
Materials Conference/3rd AIAA Multidisciplinary Design Optimization
Specialist Conference
CY APR 23-26, 2007
CL Honolulu, HI
SP Amer Inst Aeronaut & Astronaut, ASME, ASCE, AHS, ASC
AB This paper describes an effort to optimize the design of an entire space launch vehicle to low Earth (circular) orbit, consisting of multiple stages using a genetic algorithm with the goal of minimizing vehicle weight and ultimately vehicle cost. The entire launch vehicle system is analyzed using various multistage configurations to reach low Earth orbit. Specifically, three- and four-stage solid propellant vehicles have been analyzed. The vehicle performance modeling requires that analysis from four separate disciplines be integrated into the design optimization process. The disciplines of propulsion characteristics, aerodynamics, mass properties, and flight dynamics have been integrated to produce a high-fidelity system model of the entire vehicle. In addition, the system model has been validated using the existing launch vehicle data. The cost model is mass based and uses extensive historical data to produce a cost estimating relationship for a solid propellant vehicle. For the design optimization, the goal is for the genetic algorithm to minimize the differences between the desired and actual orbital parameters. This ensures that the payload achieves the desired orbit. One final goal is to minimize the overall vehicle mass, thus minimizing the system cost per launch. This paper will represent the first effort of its kind to minimize the solid propellant launch vehicle cost at the preliminary design level using a genetic algorithm.
C1 [Bayley, Douglas J.] USAF Acad, Dept Aeronaut, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
[Hartfield, Roy J., Jr.; Burkhalter, John E.; Jenkins, Rhonald M.] Auburn Univ, Dept Aerosp Engn, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.
RP Bayley, DJ (reprint author), USAF Acad, Dept Aeronaut, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
NR 28
TC 20
Z9 22
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0022-4650
J9 J SPACECRAFT ROCKETS
JI J. Spacecr. Rockets
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2008
VL 45
IS 4
BP 733
EP 740
DI 10.2514/1.35318
PG 8
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 336UH
UT WOS:000258389600008
ER
PT J
AU Bulutoglu, DA
Ryan, KJ
AF Bulutoglu, Dursun A.
Ryan, Kenneth J.
TI E(s(2))-optimal supersaturated designs with good minimax properties when
N is odd
SO JOURNAL OF STATISTICAL PLANNING AND INFERENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE CNOA(p) and NOA(p) exchange algorithms; cyclically generated design;
lower bound; minimax criterion; supersaturated design (SSD)
ID CONSTRUCTION
AB An improved E(s(2)) lower bound is derived for two-level supersaturated designs (SSDs) with an odd number of runs. The new bound is used to prove E(s(2))-optimality of SSDs with N = 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, and 17 runs found via the NOA(p) exchange algorithms. Tailored to find cyclically generated E(s(2))-optimal SSDs, the CNOA(p) exchange algorithms are introduced; search results are compared to related literature. Exchange algorithms that promote the finding of SSDs which are simultaneously optimal (or near optimal) wrt E(s(2)) and minimax criteria are discussed. Proving the minimax optimality of E(s(2))-optimal SSDs is also discussed. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Bulutoglu, Dursun A.] USAF, Inst Technol, WPAFB, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Ryan, Kenneth J.] Bowling Green State Univ, Bowling Green, OH 43403 USA.
RP Bulutoglu, DA (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, WPAFB, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM dursun.bulutoglu@afit.edu; kjryan@bgsu.edu
NR 15
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0378-3758
J9 J STAT PLAN INFER
JI J. Stat. Plan. Infer.
PD JUL 1
PY 2008
VL 138
IS 6
BP 1754
EP 1762
DI 10.1016/j.jspi.2007.06.026
PG 9
WC Statistics & Probability
SC Mathematics
GA 285ZH
UT WOS:000254814200017
ER
PT J
AU Fair, GE
Hay, RS
Boakye, EE
AF Fair, Geoff E.
Hay, Randall S.
Boakye, Emmanuel E.
TI Precipitation coating of rare-earth orthophosphates on woven ceramic
fibers-effect of rare-earth cation on coating morphology and coated
fiber strength
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; MONAZITE COATINGS; OXIDE COMPOSITES;
OXIDE/OXIDE COMPOSITES; CRYSTAL-CHEMISTRY; TENSILE-STRENGTH;
TEMPERATURE; XENOTIME; ALUMINA; INTERFACES
AB Monazite (La, Ce, Nd, and GdPO(4)) and xenotime (Tb, Dy, and YPO(4)) coatings were deposited on woven Nextel((TM)) 610 and 720 fibers by heterogeneous precipitation from a rare-earth citrate/phosphoric acid precursor. Coating phases and microstructure were characterized by SEM and TEM, and coated fiber strength was measured after heat treatment at 1200 degrees C for 2 h. Coated fiber strength increased with decreasing ionic radius of the rare-earth cation in the monazite and xenotime coatings, and correlates with the high-temperature weight loss and the densification rate of the coatings. Dense coatings with trapped porosity and high weight loss at a high temperature degrade fiber strength the most. The degradation is consistent with stress corrosion driven by thermal residual stress from coating precursor decomposition products trapped in the coating at a high temperature.
C1 [Fair, Geoff E.; Hay, Randall S.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Boakye, Emmanuel E.] UES Inc, Dayton, OH USA.
RP Fair, GE (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM geoff.fair@wpafb.af.mil
NR 40
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 3
U2 11
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0002-7820
J9 J AM CERAM SOC
JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc.
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 91
IS 7
BP 2117
EP 2123
DI 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2008.02431.x
PG 7
WC Materials Science, Ceramics
SC Materials Science
GA 327DF
UT WOS:000257709100007
ER
PT J
AU Cinibulk, MK
Fair, GE
Kerans, RJ
AF Cinibulk, Michael K.
Fair, Geoff E.
Kerans, Ronald J.
TI High-temperature stability of lanthanum orthophosphate (monazite) on
silicon carbide at low oxygen partial pressures
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; CERAMIC COMPOSITES; OXIDE COMPOSITES;
FIBER STRENGTH; SIC FIBERS; PASSIVE TRANSITION; THERMAL-STABILITY;
MATRIX COMPOSITES; TENSILE-STRENGTH; STRESS RUPTURE
AB The stability of lanthanum orthophosphate (LaPO(4)) on SiC was investigated using a LaPO(4)-coated SiC fiber at 1200 degrees-1400 degrees C at low oxygen partial pressures. A critical oxygen partial pressure exists below which LaPO(4) is reduced in the presence of SiC and reacts to form La(2)O(3) or La(2)Si(2)O(7) and SiO(2) as the solid reaction products. The critical oxygen partial pressure increases from similar to 0.5 Pa at 1200 degrees C to similar to 50 Pa at 1400 degrees C. Above the critical oxygen partial pressure, a thin SiO(2) film, which acts as a reaction barrier, exists between the SiC fiber and the LaPO(4) coating. Continuous LaPO(4) coatings and high strengths were obtained for coated fibers that were heated at or below 1300 degrees C and just above the critical oxygen partial pressure for each temperature. At temperatures above 1300 degrees C, the thin LaPO(4) coating becomes morphologically unstable due to free-energy minimization as the grain size reaches the coating thickness, which allows the SiO(2) oxidation product to penetrate the coating.
C1 [Cinibulk, Michael K.; Fair, Geoff E.; Kerans, Ronald J.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Cinibulk, MK (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM michael.cinibulk@wpafb.af.mil
NR 53
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 6
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0002-7820
J9 J AM CERAM SOC
JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc.
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 91
IS 7
BP 2290
EP 2297
DI 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2008.02409.x
PG 8
WC Materials Science, Ceramics
SC Materials Science
GA 327DF
UT WOS:000257709100034
ER
PT J
AU Varanasi, CV
Bulmer, J
Brunke, L
Burke, J
Baca, J
Yost, K
Barnes, R
AF Varanasi, C. V.
Bulmer, J.
Brunke, L.
Burke, J.
Baca, J.
Yost, K.
Barnes, R.
TI Growth and characterization of carbon nanotubes on constantan (Cu-Ni-Mn
alloy) metallic substrates without adding additional catalysts
SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 54th AVS International Symposium and Exhibition
CY OCT 14-19, 2007
CL Seattle, WA
SP AVS
ID THERMAL CVD
AB In this study, metallic constantan (Cu55-Ni44-Mn1 wt %) alloy substrates were investigated as an alternate choice of substrates to grow carbon nanotubes (CNTs). No additional catalysts were used other than the as-rolled and annealed substrates to process CNTs on them. High density CNT growth was observed to take place on these substrates when suitable conditions were used in a thermal chemical vapor deposition (CVD) furnace with C2H2 as the carbon precursor. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy on these samples indicated the presence of several micron long CNTs ranging in 20- 100 nm in diameter. Raman spectra taken from the samples confirmed the presence of G band peaks (peak at similar to 1580 cm(-1)) and D band peaks (peak at similar to 1320 cm(-1)) commonly observed in CVD grown multiwall CNT samples with varying intensity ratios depending on the processing conditions. (C) 2008 American Vacuum Society.
C1 [Varanasi, C. V.; Brunke, L.; Burke, J.] Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
[Bulmer, J.; Baca, J.; Yost, K.; Barnes, R.] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Varanasi, CV (reprint author), Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
NR 10
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 12
PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 0734-2101
J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A
JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2008
VL 26
IS 4
BP 832
EP 835
DI 10.1116/1.2841520
PG 4
WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA 323DM
UT WOS:000257424200045
ER
PT J
AU Chen, B
Thomsen, SL
Thomas, RJ
Oliver, J
Welch, AJ
AF Chen, Bo
Thomsen, Sharon L.
Thomas, Robert J.
Oliver, Jeffrey
Welch, Ashley J.
TI Histological and modeling study of skin thermal injury to 2.0 mu m laser
irradiation
SO LASERS IN SURGERY AND MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
DE birefringence; collagen coagulation; damage model; epidermal necrosis;
laser injury; laser safety; skin damage; vascular thrombosis; Yucatan
mini-pig
ID THULIUM FIBER LASER; DAMAGE THRESHOLDS; TEMPERATURE; KINETICS; TISSUE
AB Background and Objective: Qualitative and quantitative gross histopathologic studies of skin damage were performed at 48 hours after irradiation with a 2.0 mu m thulium CW laser to determine the mechanisms of laser effects in the skin under various exposure conditions.
Study Design/Materials and Methods: Pig skin lesions were created at, below and beyond the threshold irradiation conditions for grossly apparent thermal lesions. Histological sections of these lesions were studied. For each threshold lesion, four quantitative histopathlogical parameters were measured: the widths of (1) epidermal necrosis at the surface, (2) the outer boundary of the thrombosis zone, (3) the depth of vascular thrombosis, and (4) the depth of perivascular inflammation (increased infiltrates of inflammatory cells) and edema. The quantitative histopathologic data were compared with predictions using an optical-thermal-damage model.
Results: Histologically, the thermal damage mechanisms for grossly apparent threshold lesions of persistent redness at 48 hours included necrosis of the epidermal cells, intravascular thrombosis and perivascular inflammation and edema in dermal blood vessels. At irradiation levels just below 'gross threshold', non-lethal thermal effects, such as perivascular inflammation and edema were found in the histological sections. When the radiation reached about 1.5-2.5 times beyond the threshold, decrease of dermal collagen birefringence was observed.
Conclusions: A sequence of damage endpoints was defined in the skin as power increased. By choosing rate process coefficients to match specific mechanisms of lethal thermal damage, the optical-thermal-damage model is capable of predicting various types of thermal injury in the skin, such as epidermal necrosis, vascular thrombosis, and dermal collagen coagulation.
C1 [Chen, Bo; Welch, Ashley J.] Univ Texas Austin, Biomed Engn Laser Lab, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[Thomsen, Sharon L.] Pathol Consultant Engn & Physicists, Sequim, WA 98382 USA.
[Thomas, Robert J.; Oliver, Jeffrey] USAF, Res Lab, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA.
RP Chen, B (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Biomed Engn Laser Lab, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
EM chenbo@mail.utexas.edu
OI Oliver, Jeffrey/0000-0001-8226-7152
NR 31
TC 37
Z9 38
U1 2
U2 7
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 0196-8092
J9 LASER SURG MED
JI Lasers Surg. Med.
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 40
IS 5
BP 358
EP 370
DI 10.1002/lsm.20630
PG 13
WC Dermatology; Surgery
SC Dermatology; Surgery
GA 321AH
UT WOS:000257275900009
PM 18563778
ER
PT J
AU Knopp, JS
AF Knopp, Jeremy S.
TI Inverse problems in NDT: An introduction to the technical focus issue
SO MATERIALS EVALUATION
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Knopp, JS (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM jeremy.knopp@wpafb.af.mil
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC NONDESTRUCTIVE TEST
PI COLUMBUS
PA 1711 ARLINGATE LANE PO BOX 28518, COLUMBUS, OH 43228-0518 USA
SN 0025-5327
J9 MATER EVAL
JI Mater. Eval.
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 66
IS 7
BP 739
EP 739
PG 1
WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing
SC Materials Science
GA 326SN
UT WOS:000257679300004
ER
PT J
AU Liu, X
Deng, YM
Zeng, ZW
Udpa, L
Knopp, JS
AF Liu, Xin
Deng, Yiming
Zeng, Zhiwei
Udpa, Lalita
Knopp, Jeremy S.
TI Model based inversion using the element-free Galerkin method
SO MATERIALS EVALUATION
LA English
DT Article
DE nondestructive testing; eddy current; meshless methods; element-free
Galerkin method; inverse problem; state space representation
AB A model based iterative inversion technique in nondestructive testing for discontinuity profile reconstruction using the element-free Galerkin (EFG) method is presented in this paper. The advantage of the EFG method over the traditional finite element model is that it relies on a set of nodes instead of a complex mesh to discretize the solution domain. Consequently, only a small number of nodes that represent the discontinuity profile need to be updated in each iteration. This in turn avoids the use of a dense mesh or labor-intensive remeshing procedure and results in increased efficacy and accuracy of solution. The formulation of the forward EFG model and results of discontinuity profiling using an approach based on state space search are presented.
C1 [Liu, Xin; Deng, Yiming; Zeng, Zhiwei; Udpa, Lalita] Michigan State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA.
[Knopp, Jeremy S.] USAF, Res Lab, MLLP, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Liu, X (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 2120 Engn, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA.
EM liuxin2@msu.edu
RI Deng, Yiming/B-3698-2010; Zeng, Zhiwei/G-3385-2010
NR 12
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER SOC NONDESTRUCTIVE TEST
PI COLUMBUS
PA 1711 ARLINGATE LANE PO BOX 28518, COLUMBUS, OH 43228-0518 USA
SN 0025-5327
J9 MATER EVAL
JI Mater. Eval.
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 66
IS 7
BP 740
EP 746
PG 7
WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing
SC Materials Science
GA 326SN
UT WOS:000257679300005
ER
PT J
AU Yoder, NC
Adams, DE
Triplett, M
AF Yoder, Nathanael C.
Adams, Douglas E.
Triplett, Matt
TI Multidimensional sensing for impact load and damage evaluation in a
carbon filament wound canister
SO MATERIALS EVALUATION
LA English
DT Article
DE inverse problems; impact identification; nonlinear impact modulation
ID ENVIRONMENTAL VARIABILITY; IDENTIFICATION; INTERPOLATION; FORCE; FFT;
LOCATION
AB Several issues concerning the health monitoring of a carbon filament wound missile canister using inverse methods are investigated in this paper. A frequency response function model relating 36 different input forcing functions distributed across the canister to three mutually orthogonal acceleration responses was identified experimentally using modal impact testing. To create a more refined model while limiting the number of required experiments, the acquired frequency response functions were interpolated to generate new data at non-measured degrees of freedom on the canister. An iterative algorithm was developed to overcome the underdetermined nature of the force identification problem by utilizing the coupling inherent in the triaxial measurements. Over 99% of the trial impacts were correctly localized. The detection of cracks through nonlinear wave modulation spectroscopy was then investigated because, unlike the modal vibration response, modulation was shown to be largely unaffected by changes in the canister's modal characteristics. Despite drastic changes in the canister's operating environment, the use of multidirectional measurements made it possible to detect a crack using impact modulation.
C1 [Yoder, Nathanael C.; Adams, Douglas E.] Purdue Univ, Ray W Herrick Labs, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Triplett, Matt] USAF, Res Lab, Nondestruct Evaluat Branch, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Yoder, NC (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Ray W Herrick Labs, 140 S Intramural Dr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
EM deadams@purdue.edu
NR 27
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER SOC NONDESTRUCTIVE TEST
PI COLUMBUS
PA 1711 ARLINGATE LANE PO BOX 28518, COLUMBUS, OH 43228-0518 USA
SN 0025-5327
J9 MATER EVAL
JI Mater. Eval.
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 66
IS 7
BP 756
EP 763
PG 8
WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing
SC Materials Science
GA 326SN
UT WOS:000257679300007
ER
PT J
AU Koerner, H
White, TJ
Tabiryan, NV
Bunning, TJ
Vaia, RA
AF Koerner, Hilmar
White, Timothy J.
Tabiryan, Nelson V.
Bunning, Timothy J.
Vaia, Richard A.
TI Photogenerating work from polymers
SO MATERIALS TODAY
LA English
DT Article
ID LIQUID-CRYSTALLINE ELASTOMERS; ARTIFICIAL MUSCLES; AZOBENZENE;
ACTUATORS; LIGHT; NANOCOMPOSITES; SURFACE; COMPOSITES; CONVERSION; RANGE
AB The ability to control the creation of mechanical work remotely, with high speed and spatial precision, over long distances, offers many intriguing possibilities. Recent developments in photoresponsive polymers and nanocomposite concepts are at the heart of these future devices. Whether driving direct conformational changes, initiating reversible chemical reactions to release stored strain, or converting a photon to a local temperature increase, combinations of photoactive units, nanoparticles, ordered mesophases, and polymeric networks are providing an expansive array of photoresponsive polymer options for mechanical devices. Framing the typically geometry-specific observations into an applied engineering vocabulary will ultimately define the role of these materials in future actuator applications, ranging from microfluidic valves in medical devices to optically controlled mirrors in displays.
C1 [Koerner, Hilmar; White, Timothy J.; Bunning, Timothy J.; Vaia, Richard A.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Koerner, Hilmar] Univ Technol Corp, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
[White, Timothy J.] Gen Dynam Informat Technol, Dayton, OH 45431 USA.
[Tabiryan, Nelson V.] BEAM Engn Adv Measurements Co, Winter Pk, FL 32789 USA.
RP Vaia, RA (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM Richard.Vaia@wpafb.af.mil
RI White, Timothy/D-4392-2012
NR 60
TC 72
Z9 73
U1 4
U2 29
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1369-7021
J9 MATER TODAY
JI Mater. Today
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2008
VL 11
IS 7-8
BP 34
EP 42
DI 10.1016/S1369-7021(08)70147-0
PG 9
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA 322FR
UT WOS:000257361100016
ER
PT J
AU Glavicic, MG
Goetz, RL
Barker, DR
Shen, G
Furrer, D
Woodfield, A
Semiatin, SL
AF Glavicic, M. G.
Goetz, R. L.
Barker, D. R.
Shen, G.
Furrer, D.
Woodfield, A.
Semiatin, S. L.
TI Modeling of texture evolution during hot forging of alpha/beta titanium
alloys (vol 39A, pg 887, 2008)
SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND
MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Correction
C1 [Glavicic, M. G.; Goetz, R. L.; Barker, D. R.] Universal Energy Syst Inc, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
[Shen, G.; Furrer, D.] Rolls Royce Corp, Indianapolis, IN 46206 USA.
[Woodfield, A.] Gen Elect Aviat, Cincinnati, OH 45215 USA.
[Semiatin, S. L.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, AFRL MLLM, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Glavicic, MG (reprint author), Universal Energy Syst Inc, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
EM michael.glavicic@wpafb.af.mil
RI SEMIATIN, SHELDON/E-7264-2017
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 11
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1073-5623
J9 METALL MATER TRANS A
JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 39A
IS 7
BP 1759
EP 1759
DI 10.1007/s11661-008-9559-5
PG 1
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 304AD
UT WOS:000256081500033
ER
PT J
AU Covert, L
Lin, J
Janning, D
Dalrymple, T
AF Covert, Lance
Lin, Jenshan
Janning, Dan
Dalrymple, Thomas
TI 5.8 GHZ orientation-specific extruded-fin heatsink antennas for 3D RF
system integration
SO MICROWAVE AND OPTICAL TECHNOLOGY LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE antenna efficiency; antenna gain; heatsink; high-density packaging;
patch antenna; power amplifier
AB In high-power RF transmitter applications, the heatsink can be used as an antenna for improved antenna performance and increased integration. Extruded-fin heatsink antennas designed at 5.8 GHz are orientation-specific when the heatsink base replaces the patch of a patch antenna. In this case, the orientation of the fins with respect to the patch edges plays a significant role in the antenna performance and must be considered. The results show that the heatsink antenna using a lossy, low-cost FR4 substrate increases the bandwidth from 3.1 to 17.6% and radiation efficiency from 62 to 87% compared with the patch antenna on the same substrate. Also, the orientation has a significant effect on the directivity, gain, and radiation pattern. By combining two functions into one structure, the component count in a system is reduced and the antenna performance can be improved. (c) 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
C1 [Janning, Dan; Dalrymple, Thomas] AF Res Lab, SNDR, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA.
[Covert, Lance; Lin, Jenshan] Univ Florida, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Gainesville, FL USA.
RP Covert, L (reprint author), AF Res Lab, SNDR, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA.
EM lcovert@ufl.edu
NR 4
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 2
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 0895-2477
J9 MICROW OPT TECHN LET
JI Microw. Opt. Technol. Lett.
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 50
IS 7
BP 1826
EP 1831
DI 10.1002/mop.23478
PG 6
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics
SC Engineering; Optics
GA 300DA
UT WOS:000255803300032
ER
PT J
AU O'Hara, R
Eveland, E
Fortuna, S
Reilly, P
Pohlman, R
AF O'Hara, Reginald
Eveland, Ed
Fortuna, Sarah
Reilly, Patricia
Pohlman, Roberta
TI Current and future cooling technologies used in preventing heat illness
and improving work capacity for battlefield soldiers: Review of the
literature
SO MILITARY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Review
ID PROLONGED EXERCISE; HYPERTHERMIA; TOLERANCE; HUMANS; BRAIN; NECK
AB Objective: The goals were to review the effectiveness of current cooling technologies used on the battlefield to reduce or to prevent heat illness in soldiers and to discuss possible alternative or improved cooling methods. Methods: A search of the literature for 1990-2007 was performed by using the Air Force Institute of Technology and Air Force Research Laboratory search engines. Results: Several current cooling technologies are modestly effective in attenuating brain and core body temperatures, but the cooling effects are not sustained and the devices present operational problems. This review indicates that some Current cooling devices are effective in lowering perceived efforts and lengthening maximal exercise time but are incompatible with current demands. Conclusions: Many of the cooling methods and devices detailed in the literature are impractical for use in the field. Future research should focus on cooling technologies that are practical in the battlefield and have sustainable cooling effects.
C1 [O'Hara, Reginald; Eveland, Ed; Fortuna, Sarah; Reilly, Patricia] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Pohlman, Roberta] Wright State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Dayton, OH 45435 USA.
RP O'Hara, R (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
NR 20
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 2
PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US
PI BETHESDA
PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0026-4075
J9 MIL MED
JI Milit. Med.
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 173
IS 7
BP 653
EP 657
PG 5
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 328CH
UT WOS:000257774600008
PM 18700599
ER
PT J
AU Klein, DA
Adelman, WP
AF Klein, David A.
Adelman, William P.
TI Adolescent pregnancy in the US military: What we know and what we need
to know
SO MILITARY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID CHLAMYDIA-TRACHOMATIS INFECTIONS; ABSTINENCE-ONLY EDUCATION; EARLY
SEXUAL-ACTIVITY; WOMENS HEALTH-CARE; DEPENDENT ADOLESCENTS; UNINTENDED
PREGNANCY; UNPLANNED PREGNANCY; TEENAGE PREGNANCY; IMPROVED OUTCOMES;
PRETERM DELIVERY
AB Adolescent pregnancy is a significant public health problem in the United States, but little is known about this condition in military-affiliated populations. This article reviews what is known about adolescent pregnancy among (1) dependent children of active duty and retired personnel and (2) active duty military personnel. Sparse and conflicting evidence exists regarding the prevalence of, the risk factors for, and the impacts of pregnancy in the dependent child population. Limited evidence regarding active duty service members reveals risky behavior by young military personnel, failure to effectively use contraception, and resulting pregnancies that consume military resources and diminish deployability and retention. We suggest research questions for further study that could lead to interventions targeting unintended adolescent pregnancy and its attendant tolls on health, budgets, military readiness, and fighting strength.
C1 [Klein, David A.] David Grant Med Ctr, Dept Family Med, Travis AFB, CA 94535 USA.
[Adelman, William P.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat & Adolescent Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA.
[Adelman, William P.] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Pediat & Adolescent Med, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA.
RP Klein, DA (reprint author), David Grant Med Ctr, Dept Family Med, 101 Bodin Circle, Travis AFB, CA 94535 USA.
NR 90
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 7
PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US
PI BETHESDA
PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0026-4075
J9 MIL MED
JI Milit. Med.
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 173
IS 7
BP 658
EP 665
PG 8
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 328CH
UT WOS:000257774600009
PM 18700600
ER
PT J
AU LaJoie, M
Laing, A
AF LaJoie, Mark
Laing, Arlene
TI The influence of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation on cloud-to-ground
lightning activity along the Gulf Coast. Part I: Lightning climatology
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
ID CONTIGUOUS UNITED-STATES; DETECTION NETWORK; DISTRIBUTIONS; FLORIDA;
PATTERNS; UPGRADE
AB Cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning flashes from the National Lightning Detection Network are analyzed to determine if the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) cycle influences lighting activity along the Gulf Coast region. First, an updated climatology of lightning was developed for the region. Flash density maps are constructed from an 8-yr dataset (1995-2002) and compared with past lightning climatologies. Second, lightning variability is compared with the phases of ENSO. Winter lightning distributions are compared with one published study of ENSO and lightning days in the Southeast.
Flash density patterns are, overall, consistent with past U. S. lightning climatology. However, the peak flash density for the annual mean was less than observed in previous climatologies, which could be due to the disproportionately large percentage of cool ENSO periods compared to previous lightning climatologies.
The highest annual lightning counts were observed in 1997, which consisted of mostly warm ENSO seasons; the 1997-98 El Nino was one of the strongest on record. The lowest lightning counts were observed in 2000, which had mostly cool or neutral phases of ENSO including the lowest Nino-3.4 anomaly of the study period. Analysis of winter season lightning flash densities substantiated the role of the ENSO cycle in winter season lightning fluctuations. Winter lightning activity increased dramatically during the 1997 -98 El Nino. The lowest winter flash densities are associated with cool ENSO phases. Although 8 yr is inadequate to establish a long-term pattern, results indicate that ENSO influences lightning and that further study is warranted. As more years of lightning data are acquired, a more complete climatology can be developed.
C1 [Laing, Arlene] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[LaJoie, Mark] USAF, Ft Lewis, WA USA.
RP Laing, A (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
EM laing@ucar.edu
NR 44
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 8
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 136
IS 7
BP 2523
EP 2542
DI 10.1175/2007MWR2227.1
PG 20
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 330US
UT WOS:000257968900015
ER
PT J
AU Laing, A
LaJoie, M
Reader, S
Pfeiffer, K
AF Laing, Arlene
LaJoie, Mark
Reader, Steven
Pfeiffer, Karl
TI The influence of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation on cloud-to-ground
lightning activity along the Gulf Coast. Part II: Monthly correlations
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
ID CONTIGUOUS UNITED-STATES; PRECIPITATION ANOMALIES; US TEMPERATURE; ENSO;
VARIABILITY; HURRICANES; DAMAGES; EVENT
AB The El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) cycle is known to influence weather and climate along the Gulf Coast region, causing anomalously high precipitation during El Nino winters. This region is also known for having the highest lightning flash density in the United States. An 8-yr dataset (1995 -2002) of cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning flashes was analyzed to determine if the ENSO cycle influences lighting activity along the Gulf Coast region. Simple Pearson's correlations were computed between concurrent monthly pairings of Nino-3.4 sea surface temperature (SST) and CG lightning flash deviation values from the study area. The correlation results are mapped and analyzed for links to meteorological features.
Statistically significant correlation values greater than 0.8 were noted over large swaths of the study area during each winter month. The highest correlations were arranged in banded swaths and associated with regions of low flash densities during December and February. In January, areas of high correlation were spatially coincident with areas of enhanced flash density. Both the enhanced CG flash regions and high correlation values and patterns are indicative of a southerly shift in the midlatitude storm track known to occur during warm ENSO events. During the spring and summer, most of the region has weak correlation with ENSO except for August, which has a large area of negative correlations. These findings indicate that lightning increases during La Nina summers. Correlation patterns in late fall are similar to those of winter. The ENSO-lightning relationship has implications for hazard assessment and can be a useful tool for long-term seasonal planning.
C1 [Laing, Arlene] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[LaJoie, Mark] USAF, Ft Lewis, WA USA.
[Reader, Steven] Univ S Florida, Tampa, FL USA.
[Pfeiffer, Karl] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA.
RP Laing, A (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
EM laing@ucar.edu
NR 35
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 136
IS 7
BP 2544
EP 2556
DI 10.1175/2007MWR2228.1
PG 13
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 330US
UT WOS:000257968900016
ER
PT J
AU Caefer, CE
Silverman, J
Orthal, O
Antonelli, D
Sharoni, Y
Rotman, SR
AF Caefer, Charlene E.
Silverman, Jerry
Orthal, Oded
Antonelli, Dani
Sharoni, Yaron
Rotman, Stanley R.
TI Improved covariance matrices for point target detection in hyperspectral
data
SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE hyperspectral; point target detection; covariance matrix; Mahalanobis
distance
ID IMAGERY
AB Our goals in hyperspectral point target detection have been to develop a methodology for algorithm comparison and to advance point target detection algorithms through the fundamental understanding of spatial and spectral statistics. In this paper, we review our methodology as well as present new metrics. We demonstrate improved performance by making better estimates of the covariance matrix. We have found that the use of covariance matrices of statistical stationary segments in the matched-filter algorithm improves the receiver operating characteristic curves; proper segment selection for each pixel should be based on its neighboring pixels. We develop a new type of local covariance matrix, which can be implemented in principal-component space and which also shows improved performance based on our metrics. Finally, methods of fusing the segmentation approach with the local covariance matrix dramatically improve performance at low false-alarm rates while maintaining performance at higher false-alarm rates. (c) 2008 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers.
C1 [Caefer, Charlene E.] USAF, Res Lab, Sensors Directorate, Infrared Sensor Technol Branch, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
[Silverman, Jerry; Rotman, Stanley R.] Solid State Sci Corp, Hollis, NH 03049 USA.
[Orthal, Oded; Antonelli, Dani; Sharoni, Yaron; Rotman, Stanley R.] Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, IL-84105 Beer Sheva, Israel.
RP Caefer, CE (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Sensors Directorate, Infrared Sensor Technol Branch, 80 Scott Dr, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
EM charlene.caefer@hanscom.af.mil
RI ROTMAN, STANLEY/F-1390-2012
FU Paul Ivanier Center for Robotics and Industrial Manufacturing,
Beer-Sheva, Israel; AFOSR [2305BN00]; Solid State Scientific Corporation
[F19628-03-C-0114]
FX The cameras used to collect the Vis-NIR and MWIR data were designed and
fabricated by William Ewing and Steven DiSalvo of AFRL/RYHI and Jonathan
Mooney and Toby Reeves of Solid State Scientific Corp. The HYDICE data
were provided by the Spectral Information Technology Application Center
(SITAC). We would like to thank Clement Wong and Karen Duseau for
software support. We are grateful to Linda Bouthillette for graphic
assistance. This work was partially supported by the Paul Ivanier Center
for Robotics and Industrial Manufacturing, Beer-Sheva, Israel. This work
was carried out under Dr. Donald Silversmith's AFOSR Task 2305BN00 and
Solid State Scientific Corporation contract F19628-03-C-0114.
NR 27
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U1 0
U2 5
PU SPIE-SOC PHOTOPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA
SN 0091-3286
J9 OPT ENG
JI Opt. Eng.
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 47
IS 7
AR 076402
DI 10.1117/1.2965814
PG 13
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 344VA
UT WOS:000258954200024
ER
PT J
AU Sambora, M
Martin, RK
AF Sambora, Matthew
Martin, Richard K.
TI Exploiting correlations in projection-based image registration
SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE image registration; motion estimation; vector projection
ID DESIGN; PERFORMANCE
AB Projection-based image registration algorithms use the sum of the pixel values along a given axis of an image to detect spatial changes in temporally separated images. These algorithms have been shown to be computationally efficient and effective for aligning temporally separated images and for visually detecting sensor motion. Registering images via projections has also been shown as a method for overcoming registration errors caused by the presence of fixed pattern noise. This work describes a method that exploits the statistical properties of images with significant local correlation to improve the performance of projection-based image registration algorithms. The algorithm is shown to operate in low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) conditions and to significantly improve registration performance by as much as a factor of 5.5 in mean squared error over existing projection-based registration algorithms at a minimal computational cost. (C) 2008 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers.
C1 USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Sambora, M (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 2950 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM matthew.sambora@us.af.mil
FU Air Force Research Laboratories; Air Force Office of Scientific Research
FX Martin is funded in part by the Air Force Research Laboratories, Sensors
Directorate, and the Air Force Office of Scientific Research. The
authors would like to thank the reviewers for their helpful comments and
Michael Veth for providing the aerial photographs. The opinions and
views expressed by the author are not necessarily those of the
Department of Defense or the United States Air Force. This document has
been approved for public release, distribution unlimited.
NR 16
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPIE-SOC PHOTOPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA
SN 0091-3286
J9 OPT ENG
JI Opt. Eng.
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 47
IS 7
AR 077005
DI 10.1117/1.2957973
PG 12
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 344VA
UT WOS:000258954200029
ER
PT J
AU Peterson, AL
Baker, MT
McCarthy, KR
AF Peterson, Alan L.
Baker, Monty T.
McCarthy, Kelly R.
TI Combat stress casualties in Iraq. Part 1: Behavioral health consultation
at an Expeditionary Medical Group
SO PERSPECTIVES IN PSYCHIATRIC CARE
LA English
DT Article
DE aeromedical evacuation; behavioral health consultation; combat stress;
organizational health consultation
ID AEROMEDICAL EVACUATION; SOLDIERS; AFGHANISTAN; PERSPECTIVE; EXPERIENCE;
DEPLOYMENT; INJURY; WAR
AB PURPOSE. We review the role of military mental health professionals in consulting with inpatient medical patients and staff at a combat hospital and aeromedical evacuation staging, facility in Iraq.
CONCLUSIONS. Behavioral health consultation with medical and surgical patients during hospitalization and prior to aeromedical evacuation can help identify patients with combat stress exposure that may require future mental health follow-up.
PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS. Extensive use of civilian mental health practitioners including nurse psychotherapists and psychiatric nurse practitioners will be needed to provide psychiatric care for the large number of U.S. veterans who return from deployment with combat stress related disorders.
C1 [Peterson, Alan L.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Psychiat, Ctr Clin Hlth Psychol Res, Willard Hall Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA.
[McCarthy, Kelly R.] USAF Acad, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
RP Peterson, AL (reprint author), Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Psychiat, Ctr Clin Hlth Psychol Res, Willard Hall Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA.
EM petersona3@uthscsa.edu
NR 32
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 3
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0031-5990
J9 PERSPECT PSYCHIATR C
JI Perspect. Psychiatr. Care
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 44
IS 3
BP 146
EP 158
DI 10.1111/j.1744-6163.2008.00169.x
PG 13
WC Nursing; Psychiatry
SC Nursing; Psychiatry
GA 322OS
UT WOS:000257385800002
PM 18577120
ER
PT J
AU Peterson, AL
Baker, MT
McCarthy, KR
AF Peterson, Alan L.
Baker, Monty T.
McCarthy, Kelly R.
TI Combat stress casualties in Iraq. Part 2: Psychiatric screening prior to
aeromedical evacuation
SO PERSPECTIVES IN PSYCHIATRIC CARE
LA English
DT Article
DE aeromedical staging facility; military deployment; psychiatric screening
ID MENTAL-HEALTH PROBLEMS; DISORDER SYMPTOMS; VIETNAM VETERANS; MILITARY;
CARE; PTSD; WAR; AFGHANISTAN; ATTRITION; DIAGNOSES
AB TOPIC. Exposure to combat-related trauma is a leading cause of posttraumatic stress disorder. Deployed military mental health practitioners serve important roles in the assessment, diagnosis, and aeromedical evacuation of psychiatric patients from the combat zone.
PURPOSE. To review the role of military mental health professionals working with psychiatric patients at a combat hospital and aeromedical staging facility in Iraq.
SOURCE OF INFORMATION. Military operating instructions, existing theoretical and research literature, and personal experiences of the authors while deployed to Iraq.
CONCLUSIONS. Psychiatric screening can help reduce risk in potentially unstable mental health patients prior to aeromedical evacuation. Civilian nurse psychotherapists and advanced practice psychiatric nurses will be needed to provide psychiatric follow-up care for the large number of military veterans returning from combat.
C1 [Peterson, Alan L.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Psychiat, Ctr Clin Hlth Psychol Res, Wilford Hall Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA.
[McCarthy, Kelly R.] USAF Acad, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
RP Peterson, AL (reprint author), Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Psychiat, Ctr Clin Hlth Psychol Res, Wilford Hall Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA.
EM petersona3@uthscsa.edu
NR 35
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Z9 3
U1 2
U2 5
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0031-5990
J9 PERSPECT PSYCHIATR C
JI Perspect. Psychiatr. Care
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 44
IS 3
BP 159
EP 168
DI 10.1111/j.1744-6163.2008.00170.x
PG 10
WC Nursing; Psychiatry
SC Nursing; Psychiatry
GA 322OS
UT WOS:000257385800003
PM 18577121
ER
PT J
AU Huang, D
Alsing, PM
AF Huang, Danhong
Alsing, P. M.
TI Many-body effects on optical carrier cooling in intrinsic semiconductors
at low lattice temperatures
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID QUANTUM-WELLS; LASERS; SPECTRA; FIELD
AB Based on the coupled density and energy balance equations, a dynamical model is proposed for exploring many-body effects on optical carrier cooling (not lattice cooling) in steady state in comparison with the earlier findings of current-driven carrier cooling in doped semiconductors [X. L. Lei and C. S. Ting, Phys. Rev. B 32, 1112 (1985)] and tunneling-driven carrier cooling through discrete levels of a quantum dot [H. L. Edwards , Phys. Rev. B 52, 5714 (1995)]. This dynamical carrier-cooling process is mediated by a photoinduced nonthermal electron-hole composite plasma in an intrinsic semiconductor under a thermal contact with a low-temperature external heat bath, which is a generalization of the previous theory for a thermal electron-hole plasma [H. Haug and S. Schmitt-Rink, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 2, 1135 (1985)]. The important roles played by the many-body effects such as band-gap renormalization, screening, and excitonic interaction are fully included and analyzed by calculating the optical-absorption coefficient, spontaneous emission spectrum, and thermal-energy exchange through carrier-phonon scattering. Both the optical carrier cooling and heating are found with increasing pump-laser intensity when the laser photon energy is set below and above the band gap of an intrinsic semiconductor. In addition, the switching from carrier cooling to carrier heating is predicted when the frequency detuning of a pump laser changes from below the band gap to above the band gap.
C1 [Huang, Danhong; Alsing, P. M.] USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicle Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA.
RP Huang, D (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicle Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA.
NR 25
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 2
U2 4
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 78
IS 3
AR 035206
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.78.035206
PG 8
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 333YU
UT WOS:000258190300071
ER
PT J
AU Trinkle, DR
AF Trinkle, D. R.
TI Lattice Green function for extended defect calculations: Computation and
error estimation with long-range forces
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID AB-INITIO SIMULATION; SCREW DISLOCATIONS; ATOMISTIC SIMULATIONS;
BOUNDARY-CONDITIONS; PHONON DISPERSIONS; BRILLOUIN-ZONE; SPECIAL POINTS;
BCC MO; METALS; CONSTANTS
AB Computing the atomic geometry of lattice defects-e.g., point defects, dislocations, crack tips, surfaces, or boundaries-requires an accurate coupling of the local deformations to the long-range elastic field. Periodic or fixed boundary conditions used by classical potentials or density-functional theory may not accurately reproduce the correct bulk response to an isolated defect; this is especially true for dislocations. Flexible boundary conditions have been developed to produce the correct long-range strain field from a defect-effectively "embedding" a finite-sized defect with infinite bulk response, isolating it from either periodic images or free surfaces. Flexible boundary conditions require the calculation of the bulk response with the lattice Green function (LGF). While the LGF can be computed from the force-constant matrix, the force-constant matrix is only known to a maximum range. This paper illustrates how to accurately calculate the lattice Green function and estimate the error using a truncated force-constant matrix combined with knowledge of the long-range behavior of the lattice Green function. The effective range of deviation of the lattice Green function from the long-range elastic behavior provides an important length scale in multiscale quasicontinuum and flexible boundary-condition calculations, and measures the error introduced with periodic-boundary conditions.
C1 [Trinkle, D. R.] USAF, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Trinkle, DR (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 1304 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
EM dtrinkle@illinois.edu
RI Trinkle, Dallas/E-6609-2010
NR 40
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 2
U2 12
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9950
EI 2469-9969
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 78
IS 1
AR 014110
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.78.014110
PG 11
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 333YR
UT WOS:000258190000043
ER
PT J
AU Franz, AL
Roy, R
Shaw, LB
Schwartz, IB
AF Franz, Anthony L.
Roy, Rajarshi
Shaw, Leah B.
Schwartz, Ira B.
TI Effect of multiple time delays on intensity fluctuation dynamics in
fiber ring lasers
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E
LA English
DT Article
ID COUPLED SEMICONDUCTOR-LASERS; CHAOS SYNCHRONIZATION; POLARIZATION
DYNAMICS; OPTICAL FEEDBACK; COMMUNICATION; SYSTEMS; RECONSTRUCTION;
ATTRACTORS; TURBULENCE; STRIPE
AB The effect of time delay on nonlinear oscillators is an important problem in the study of dynamical systems. The dynamics of an erbium-doped fiber ring laser with an extra loop providing time-delayed feedback is studied experimentally by measuring the intensity of the laser. The delay time for the feedback is varied from similar to 0.3 to similar to 900 times the cavity round-trip time, over four orders of magnitude, by changing the length of fiber in the delay line. Depending on the delay, we observe either regular oscillations or complex dynamics. The size of the fluctuations increases for delays long compared with the round-trip time of the laser cavity. The complexity of the fluctuations is quantified by creating spatiotemporal representations of the time series and performing a Karhunen-Loeve decomposition. The complexity increases with increasing delay time. The experiment is extended by mutually coupling two fiber ring lasers together. The delay time for the mutual coupling is varied from similar to 0.2 to similar to 600 times the cavity round-trip time, over four orders of magnitude again. In this case the fluctuations are generally larger than the single laser case. The complexity of the dynamics for the mutually coupled system is less at short delays and larger at long delays when compared to the uncoupled case. The width of the optical spectra of the coupled lasers also narrows.
C1 [Franz, Anthony L.] USAF Acad, Dept Phys, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
[Roy, Rajarshi] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Roy, Rajarshi] Univ Maryland, IREAP, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Roy, Rajarshi] Univ Maryland, IPST, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Shaw, Leah B.] Coll William & Mary, Dept Appl Sci, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA.
[Schwartz, Ira B.] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Nonlinear Syst Dynam Sect, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Franz, AL (reprint author), USAF Acad, Dept Phys, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
RI Schwartz, Ira/A-8073-2009;
OI Franz, Anthony/0000-0002-0112-0667
NR 56
TC 11
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 7
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1539-3755
J9 PHYS REV E
JI Phys. Rev. E
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 78
IS 1
AR 016208
DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.78.016208
PN 2
PG 19
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical
SC Physics
GA 333UV
UT WOS:000258179000031
PM 18764036
ER
PT J
AU Alliband, A
Lenz, DW
Stevenson, LE
Whitmer, T
Cash, R
Burns, D
Hall, S
Stevenson, WTK
AF Alliband, Amanda
Lenz, Daniel W.
Stevenson, Laura E.
Whitmer, Travis
Cash, Rex
Burns, Dennis
Hall, Sarah
Stevenson, William T. K.
TI Epoxy paint failure in B-52 fuel tanksPart II. Influence of DIEGME
concentration in the fuel on the failure process
SO PROGRESS IN ORGANIC COATINGS
LA English
DT Review
DE JP-8; JP-5; B-52; BMS10-39; epoxy; paint; DIEGME; FSII; brown rain
AB A model has been proposed to explain the failure of the original BMS10-39 epoxy paint on upper vertical surfaces in B-52 fuel tanks. The model involves interaction of the paint with DIEGME, a fuel system ice inhibitor (FSII) in jet fuel, that is distilled from the liquid fuel. In this communication, distillation experiments used to support the model are refined to better match the mass transfer of vapor from fuel in a B-52 fuel tank at close to room temperature. The interaction of these lower temperature distillates with the paint affirms the earlier model. On the basis of these experiments it is proposed that paint failure may be controlled or eliminated by reducing the level of DIEGME in the fuel. Proposed changes in military jet fuel composition are detailed. (C) 2008 Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Alliband, Amanda; Lenz, Daniel W.; Stevenson, Laura E.; Burns, Dennis; Hall, Sarah; Stevenson, William T. K.] Wichita State Univ, Dept Chem, Wichita, KS 67260 USA.
[Whitmer, Travis] Boeing Mil Co, Boeing B 52 Fleet Support, Wichita, KS 67277 USA.
[Cash, Rex] USAF, OC ALC LHRH, Oklahoma City, OK 73145 USA.
RP Stevenson, WTK (reprint author), Wichita State Univ, Dept Chem, Wichita, KS 67260 USA.
EM Bill.stevenson@wichita.edu
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0300-9440
J9 PROG ORG COAT
JI Prog. Org. Coat.
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 63
IS 1
BP 139
EP 147
DI 10.1016/j.porgcoat.2008.05.002
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Applied; Materials Science, Coatings & Films
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 332CZ
UT WOS:000258060700021
ER
PT J
AU Charlton, DG
Roberts, HW
Tiba, A
AF Charlton, David G.
Roberts, Howard W.
Tiba, Amer
TI Measurement of select physical and mechanical properties of 3 machinable
ceramic materials
SO QUINTESSENCE INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
DE CAD/CAM; ceramic; machinable; properties; strength; testing
ID FIXED-PARTIAL DENTURES; CLINICAL-PERFORMANCE; FRACTURE-TOUGHNESS;
CRACK-PROPAGATION; CAD/CAM SYSTEM; MARGINAL FIT; STRENGTH; INLAYS;
CEREC; RESTORATIONS
AB Objective: To measure select physical and mechanical properties of 3 machinable ceramic materials (IPS Empress CAD, Ivoclar Vivadent; Vitablocs Mark II, Vident; Paradigm C, 3M ESPE). Method and Materials: The physical and mechanical properties tested were hardness (using Vickers hardness), flexural strength and modulus (with 3-point bending), fracture toughness (with Vickers hardness indentation), and coefficient of thermal expansion (using a thermomechanical analyzer). For each of the materials, 25 specimens were fabricated to test each property, except for coefficient of thermal expansion, where n = 5. For each tested property, data were analyzed using 1-way analysis of variance and Tukey Studentized range test (significance level = .05), when required for post hoc testing. Results: Mean Vickers hardness ranged from 511.3 (SD 8.6) for Paradigm C to 569.3 (SD 10.2) for Vitablocs Mark II. Flexural strength was greatest for IPS Empress CAD at 137.51 (SD 23.34) MPa and least for Vitablocs Mark II at 94.08 (SD 14.21) MPa. Flexural modulus ranged from 8.65 (SD 2.24) GPa (Vitablocs Mark II) to 16.10 (SD 5.94) GPa (IPS Empress CAD). IPS Empress CAD had the highest fracture toughness at 2.18 (SD 0.30) MPa center dot m(1/2), while Vitablocs Mark II had the lowest at 1.37 (SD 0.22) MPa center dot m(1/2). Paradigm C exhibited the highest thermal expansion coefficient at 16.87 (SD 4.37) x 10(-6)/degrees C, and Vitablocs Mark II had the lowest at 8.60 (SD 1.47) x 10-(6)/degrees C. Conclusions: The 3 ceramic materials significantly differed in all of the properties measured. Vitablocs Mark II was the hardest of the 3 materials, and IPS Empress CAD had the greatest flexure strength, flexural modulus, and fracture toughness.
C1 [Charlton, David G.; Tiba, Amer] USN, Inst Dent & Biomed Res, Great Lakes, IL 60088 USA.
[Roberts, Howard W.] USAF, Dent Evaluat & Consultat Serv, Great Lakes, IL USA.
RP Charlton, DG (reprint author), USN, Inst Dent & Biomed Res, 310A B St,Bldg 1H, Great Lakes, IL 60088 USA.
EM david.charlton@med.navy.mil
NR 51
TC 13
Z9 14
U1 1
U2 2
PU QUINTESSENCE PUBLISHING CO INC
PI HANOVER PARK
PA 4350 CHANDLER DRIVE, HANOVER PARK, IL 60133 USA
SN 0033-6572
J9 QUINTESSENCE INT
JI Quintessence Int.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2008
VL 39
IS 7
BP 573
EP 579
PG 7
WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
GA 347VG
UT WOS:000259168800006
PM 19107265
ER
PT J
AU Nalladega, V
Sathish, S
Jata, KV
Blodgett, MP
AF Nalladega, V.
Sathish, S.
Jata, K. V.
Blodgett, M. P.
TI Development of eddy current microscopy for high resolution electrical
conductivity imaging using atomic force microscopy
SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
LA English
DT Article
ID CANTILEVERS; TIPS; CALIBRATION; SIMULATION
AB We present a high resolution electrical conductivity imaging technique based on the principles of eddy current and atomic force microscopy (AFM). An electromagnetic coil is used to generate eddy currents in an electrically conducting material. The eddy currents generated in the conducting sample are detected and measured with a magnetic tip attached to a flexible cantilever of an AFM. The eddy current generation and its interaction with the magnetic tip cantilever are theoretically modeled using monopole approximation. The model is used to estimate the eddy current force between the magnetic tip and the electrically conducting sample. The theoretical model is also used to choose a magnetic tip-cantilever system with appropriate magnetic field and spring constant to facilitate the design of a high resolution electrical conductivity imaging system. The force between the tip and the sample due to eddy currents is measured as a function of the separation distance and compared to the model in a single crystal copper. Images of electrical conductivity variations in a polycrystalline dual phase titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) sample are obtained by scanning the magnetic tip-cantilever held at a standoff distance from the sample surface. The contrast in the image is explained based on the electrical conductivity and eddy current force between the magnetic tip and the sample. The spatial resolution of the eddy current imaging system is determined by imaging carbon nanofibers in a polymer matrix. The advantages, limitations, and applications of the technique are discussed. (C) 2008 American Institute of Physics.
C1 [Nalladega, V.] Univ Dayton, Dept Mech Engn, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
[Nalladega, V.; Sathish, S.] Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
[Jata, K. V.; Blodgett, M. P.] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Nalladega, V (reprint author), Univ Dayton, Dept Mech Engn, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
RI Nalladega, Vijay/J-4833-2012
NR 34
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 2
U2 9
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0034-6748
J9 REV SCI INSTRUM
JI Rev. Sci. Instrum.
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 79
IS 7
AR 073705
DI 10.1063/1.2955470
PG 11
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 333UY
UT WOS:000258179400023
PM 18681706
ER
PT J
AU Ortensie, RR
AF Ortensie, R. Ray
TI Murder on the White Sands: The Disappearance of Albert and Henry
Fountain
SO SOUTHWESTERN HISTORICAL QUARTERLY
LA English
DT Book Review
C1 [Ortensie, R. Ray] Randolph AFB, San Antonio, TX USA.
RP Ortensie, RR (reprint author), Randolph AFB, San Antonio, TX USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU TEXAS STATE HIST ASSOC
PI DENTON
PA UNIV N TEXAS DENTON, 1155 UNION CIRCLE 311580, DENTON, TX 76203-5017 USA
SN 0038-478X
J9 SOUTHWEST HIST QUART
JI Southw. Hist. Q.
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 112
IS 1
BP 80
EP 81
PG 2
WC History
SC History
GA 452BE
UT WOS:000266513800005
ER
PT J
AU Kundu, T
Das, S
Martin, SA
Jata, KV
AF Kundu, Tribikram
Das, Samik
Martin, Steven A.
Jata, Kumar V.
TI Locating point of impact in anisotropic fiber reinforced composite
plates
SO ULTRASONICS
LA English
DT Article
DE lamb wave; impact; acoustic emission; passive monitoring; anisotropic
composite plate
ID ACOUSTIC-EMISSION SOURCES; WAVE-PROPAGATION; VIBRATION; DAMAGE
AB The conventional triangulation technique cannot predict the point of impact in an anisotropic composite plate because the triangulation technique assumes that the wave speed is independent of the direction of propagation which is not the case for anisotropic plates. An alternative method based on the optimization scheme was proposed by Kundu et al. [T. Kundu, S. Das, K. V. Jata, Point of impact prediction in isotropic and anistropic plates from the acoustic emission data, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 122, 2007, 2057-2066] to locate the point of impact in plates by analyzing the time of arrival of the ultrasonic signals received by the passive sensors attached to the plate. In this paper, that objective function is modified further to overcome the inherent difficulties associated with multiple singularities and to maximize the efficiency of the acoustic emission data for multiple receiving sensors. With this modi. ed objective function the impact point on an anisotropic composite plate is predicted from the acoustic emission data. Experiments are carried out by dropping steel and ping pong balls on a graphite-epoxy composite plate and recording acoustic signals by passive transducers adhesively bonded to the plate at three different locations. The impact point is predicted by the proposed method and compared with the actual location of impact. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Kundu, Tribikram; Das, Samik] Univ Arizona, Dept Civil Engn & Engn Mech, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Martin, Steven A.] AFRL MLLP, NDE Computat Consultants, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Jata, Kumar V.] USAF, Res Lab, MLLP, NDE Branch, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Kundu, T (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Civil Engn & Engn Mech, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
EM tkundu@email.arizona.edu; samik@email.arizona.edu;
steven.martin@wpafb.af.mil; Kumar.Jata@wpafb.af.mil
NR 21
TC 91
Z9 92
U1 3
U2 17
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0041-624X
J9 ULTRASONICS
JI Ultrasonics
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 48
IS 3
BP 193
EP 201
DI 10.1016/j.ultras.2007.12.001
PG 9
WC Acoustics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Acoustics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
GA 318QJ
UT WOS:000257106400004
PM 18255117
ER
PT J
AU Schwartz, M
Berry, RJ
Dudis, DS
Yeates, AT
AF Schwartz, M.
Berry, R. J.
Dudis, D. S.
Yeates, A. T.
TI Effects of substituents on the electronic properties of polyacetylenes
SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE-THEOCHEM
LA English
DT Article
DE conducting polymers; ionization energies; electron affinities; optical
transition energies; polyacetylenes
ID EXCITED-STATES; CONJUGATED POLYMERS; CONDUCTING POLYMERS; SOLITONS
AB Hartree-Fock quantum mechanical calculations [at the RHF(ROHF)/6-31G(d) level] were performed to determine the electronic structure (ionization energies, electron affinities and singlet-triplet transition energies, Delta E(S-0 -> T-1)) in a series of polyacetylenes with terminal substituents (neutral and charged), =NH (=NH2+), -NH2 (-NH3+), -SH (-S-), and -SO3H (-SO3-), for oligomers with between 2 and 30 conjugated double bonds. Neutral substituents had relatively modest effects on the electronic properties, primarily in systems with less than similar to 8-10 double bonds. The positively and negatively charged substituents were found to exert profound influences on these properties, which persisted in even the largest species studied. Negative terminal substituents lowered the ionization energies (relative to PA) by as much as 5 eV, even in systems with 30 double bonds, and the positive substituents decreased electron affinities by an equivalent amount. Both positive and negative substituents decreased values of the singlet-triplet transition energy by similar to 1-1.5eV relative to the value in pristine PA. These effects were explained on the basis of a simple model of the effects of electron donors and acceptors on the frontier orbital (HOMO/LUMO) energies and charge distributions. (C) 2008 Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Schwartz, M.] Univ N Texas, Dept Chem, Denton, TX 76203 USA.
[Berry, R. J.; Dudis, D. S.; Yeates, A. T.] USAF, Res Lab, Polymer Branch, Mat Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Schwartz, M (reprint author), Univ N Texas, Dept Chem, Denton, TX 76203 USA.
EM marty@unt.edu
NR 14
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0166-1280
J9 J MOL STRUC-THEOCHEM
JI Theochem-J. Mol. Struct.
PD JUN 30
PY 2008
VL 859
IS 1-3
BP 37
EP 45
DI 10.1016/j.theochem.2008.02.035
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 317GF
UT WOS:000257007300007
ER
EF