FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Naboulsi, S Mall, S AF Naboulsi, S Mall, S TI Thermal effects on adhesively bonded composite repair of cracked aluminum panels SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED FRACTURE MECHANICS LA English DT Article ID PLATE AB This study introduces the two-dimensional finite element analysis involving three layer technique to investigate the adhesively bonded composite: repair of cracked metallic structure under thermo-mechanical loading. The thermal loading involves, in this study, the temperature drop such as seen during the bonding process. Three patch materials having different stiffnesses and coefficients of thermal expansion are investigated to analyze the thermal effects on the damage tolerance of the crack in the repaired structure and of the debond in the adhesive bondline. For the single sided repair, the patch material having the maximum mismatch in the coefficient of thermal expansion with that of the cracked aluminum plate provides the better damage tolerance capability for both the crack in the panel and the debond in the adhesive. On the other hand, for double sided repair, the patch material having the minimal mismatch in the coefficient of thermal expansion with that of the cracked plate provides the better damage tolerance capability. C1 USAF,INST TECHNOL,DEPT AERONAUT & ASTRONAUT,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. NR 18 TC 33 Z9 40 U1 2 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8442 J9 THEOR APPL FRACT MEC JI Theor. Appl. Fract. Mech. PD JAN-FEB PY 1997 VL 26 IS 1 BP 1 EP 12 DI 10.1016/S0167-8442(96)00028-6 PG 12 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA WL044 UT WOS:A1997WL04400001 ER PT S AU Zawada, LP Lee, SS AF Zawada, LP Lee, SS BE Jenkins, MG LaraCurzio, E Gonczy, ST Ashbaugh, NE Zawada, LP TI The effect of hold times on the fatigue behavior of an oxide/oxide ceramic matrix composite SO THERMAL AND MECHANICAL TEST METHODS AND BEHAVIOR OF CONTINUOUS-FIBER CERAMIC COMPOSITES SE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS SPECIAL TECHNICAL PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Thermal and Mechanical Test Methods and Behavior of Continuous Fiber Ceramic Composites CY JAN 08-09, 1996 CL COCOA BEACH, FL SP Amer Soc Testing & Mat, Comm E08 Fatigue & Fracture, Amer Ceram Soc, Engn Ceram Div DE ceramic matrix composite; creep rupture; fatigue; frequency; hold times; Nextel 610; oxide/oxide; strain rate; tension AB Ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) consisting of an oxide matrix, no fiber-matrix interphase, and an oxide fiber are attractive for high-temperature structural applications because of their inherent resistance to oxidation. Such a system has recently been evaluated using tension, tensile fatigue, and tensile creep rupture. The CMC system consists of an aluminosilicate matrix reinforced with Nextel 610 fibers. The Nextel 610 fibers were in the form of an 8HSW. Results from the mechanical behavior studies showed this CMC to perform extremely well in fatigue at both room temperature and 1000 degrees C. However, the system experienced significant creep strain under sustained loading because of creep deformation that occurs in the oxide fiber. To study the interaction between fatigue and creep, fatigue tests with hold times were conducted at a temperature of 1000 degrees C. For all tests, the maximum fatigue stress was 75 MPa and the load ratio was 0.01. Hold times of 1, 10, and 100 s were applied at maximum load to develop the creep deformation fully. Hold times of 10 seconds were also applied at both maximum and minimum load to study creep recovery. The effect of frequency was also characterized using frequencies of 1, 0.5, and 0.1 Hz. In all tests, the measured strain accumulation was found to be linear with time with no evidence of tertiary creep behavior. The CMC exhibited increased rates of strain accumulation with decrease in frequency and increase in hold times. RP Zawada, LP (reprint author), USAF,WRIGHT LAB,MAT DIRECTORATE,DIV MET & CERAM,MAT BEHAV BRANCH,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMERICAN SOCIETY TESTING AND MATERIALS PI W CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DRIVE, W CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 SN 1071-5827 BN 0-8031-2033-8 J9 AM SOC TEST MATER PY 1997 VL 1309 BP 69 EP 101 DI 10.1520/STP11814S PG 3 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA BH57U UT WOS:A1997BH57U00005 ER PT S AU Zuiker, JR AF Zuiker, JR BE Jenkins, MG LaraCurzio, E Gonczy, ST Ashbaugh, NE Zawada, LP TI A model for the creep response of oxide-oxide ceramic matrix composites SO THERMAL AND MECHANICAL TEST METHODS AND BEHAVIOR OF CONTINUOUS-FIBER CERAMIC COMPOSITES SE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS SPECIAL TECHNICAL PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Thermal and Mechanical Test Methods and Behavior of Continuous Fiber Ceramic Composites CY JAN 08-09, 1996 CL COCOA BEACH, FL SP Amer Soc Testing & Mat, Comm E08 Fatigue & Fracture, Amer Ceram Soc, Engn Ceram Div DE creep; ceramic matrix composite; transformation field analysis AB A numerical model has been developed to predict the creep response of ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) to understand better the sustained load behavior of an eight-harness satin-weave Nextel(TM) 610(2)/aluminosilicate CMC. A two-phase system in which each phase exhibits significant creep is considered. Mori-Tanaka estimates of the overall elastic response are used in conjunction with transformation field analysis to predict the inelastic deformation in each phase and evaluate the overall CMC response. Good correlation between the model and experimental data is obtained over a wide range of temperature and stress conditions when micromechanical estimates of the matrix elastic stiffness are used. The correlation is sensitive to the matrix elastic properties and, thus, provides a method to determine in-situ matrix properties when conventional methods fail, as in this case. RP Zuiker, JR (reprint author), USAF,WRIGHT LAB,MAT DIRECTORATE,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMERICAN SOCIETY TESTING AND MATERIALS PI W CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DRIVE, W CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 SN 1071-5827 BN 0-8031-2033-8 J9 AM SOC TEST MATER PY 1997 VL 1309 BP 250 EP 263 DI 10.1520/STP11825S PG 2 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA BH57U UT WOS:A1997BH57U00016 ER PT S AU Adair, ER Adams, BW Kelleher, SA Streett, JW AF Adair, ER Adams, BW Kelleher, SA Streett, JW BE Blatteis, CM TI Thermoregulatory responses of febrile monkeys during microwave exposure SO THERMOREGULATION: TENTH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON THE PHARMACOLOGY OF THERMOREGULATION SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Symposium on Thermoregulation CY AUG 17-22, 1996 CL MEMPHIS, TENNESSEE SP New York Acad Sci, Mini Mitter Co Inc, Data Sci Int, Augustine Med Inc, Int Sci Fdn, Int Union Physiol Sci, IUPS Commiss Thermal Physiol, Univ Tennessee, Memphis, Dept Physiol & Biophys C1 John B Pierce Fdn Lab, New Haven, CT 06519 USA. Yale Univ, Sch Med, New Haven, CT 06510 USA. Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceut Inc, Ridgefield, CT 06877 USA. RP Adair, ER (reprint author), Armstrong Lab, OER, 8308 Hawks Rd, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. NR 8 TC 4 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA 2 EAST 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021 USA SN 0077-8923 BN 1-57331-088-3 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 1997 VL 813 BP 497 EP 507 DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1997.tb51739.x PG 11 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA BM49A UT WOS:000078895700075 PM 9100927 ER PT S AU Southall, HL AF Southall, HL BE Singh, A TI Array antenna applications for neural beamforming SO THIRTIETH ASILOMAR CONFERENCE ON SIGNALS, SYSTEMS & COMPUTERS, VOLS 1 AND 2 SE CONFERENCE RECORD OF THE ASILOMAR CONFERENCE ON SIGNALS, SYSTEMS AND COMPUTERS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 30th Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems and Computers CY NOV 03-06, 1996 CL PACIFIC GROVE, CA SP Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, California, San Jose State Univ, San Jose, California, IEEE Signal Proc Soc AB This paper is a summary of our research on applying neural network based signal processing to array antenna problems, which we call neural beamforming [1, 2]. The objective is to train the network at certain training angles within the antenna field of view so that it can perform the desired antenna function with arrays which cost less to manufacture. We are also concerned with array operation in adverse environments (eg, near field scattering). Our research has experimentally demonstrated the proof of concept for neural beamforming by implementing three antenna functions: direction finding (DF); radar detection; and, beamsteering. RP Southall, HL (reprint author), USAF,ROME LAB,ELECTROMAGNET & RELIABIL DIRECTORATE,HANSCOM AFB,MA 01824, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E, COMPUTER SOC PRESS PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720 SN 1058-6393 BN 0-8186-7646-9 J9 CONF REC ASILOMAR C PY 1997 BP 40 EP 44 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BH95W UT WOS:A1997BH95W00009 ER PT S AU Zulch, PA AF Zulch, PA BE Singh, A TI The CREST challenge, overview and analysis SO THIRTIETH ASILOMAR CONFERENCE ON SIGNALS, SYSTEMS & COMPUTERS, VOLS 1 AND 2 SE CONFERENCE RECORD OF THE ASILOMAR CONFERENCE ON SIGNALS, SYSTEMS AND COMPUTERS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 30th Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems and Computers CY NOV 03-06, 1996 CL PACIFIC GROVE, CA SP Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, California, San Jose State Univ, San Jose, California, IEEE Signal Proc Soc AB In support of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency Advanced Signal Processing program a challenge had been issued to the radar and signal processing community. Several simulated data sets that emulate a flying phased array surveillance radar were created and placed on the World Wide Web as a challenge to resolve all target information. All data sets far the challenge were created With the Rome Laboratory Space Time Adaptive Processing Algorithm Development Tool. This paper describes to date the properties of the data sets, the generation of the data, sets, and some preliminary analysis using standard baseline Space Time Adaptive Processing algorithms. RP Zulch, PA (reprint author), USAF,ROME LAB,26 ELECT PKWY,ROME,NY 13441, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E, COMPUTER SOC PRESS PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720 SN 1058-6393 BN 0-8186-7646-9 J9 CONF REC ASILOMAR C PY 1997 BP 531 EP 535 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BH95W UT WOS:A1997BH95W00106 ER PT S AU Hernandez, VH Desai, M AF Hernandez, VH Desai, M BE Singh, A TI Robust modeling edge adaptive reduced update Kalman filter SO THIRTIETH ASILOMAR CONFERENCE ON SIGNALS, SYSTEMS & COMPUTERS, VOLS 1 AND 2 SE CONFERENCE RECORD OF THE ASILOMAR CONFERENCE ON SIGNALS, SYSTEMS AND COMPUTERS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 30th Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems and Computers CY NOV 03-06, 1996 CL PACIFIC GROVE, CA SP Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, California, San Jose State Univ, San Jose, California, IEEE Signal Proc Soc AB The proposed image reconstruction algorithm is a combination of the Robust Modeling Modified Reduced Update Kalman Filter (RUKF) introduced by Belaifa and Schwartz and the Edge Adaptive RUKF by Tekalp, et al., The filter is designed to remove white Gaussian noise as well as Salt and Pepper noise from a corrupted image while reducing the edge smoothing effect associated with the RUKF. Using the Edge Adaptive RUKF, the proposed algorithm selects the model that best describes the pixel from the five Kalman filter models available. It uses Kalman edge models when filtering edges and the robust model when filtering non-edge pixels. RP Hernandez, VH (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,USAF,INFORMAT WARFARE CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78249, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E, COMPUTER SOC PRESS PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720 SN 1058-6393 BN 0-8186-7646-9 J9 CONF REC ASILOMAR C PY 1997 BP 1019 EP 1023 DI 10.1109/ACSSC.1996.599098 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BH95W UT WOS:A1997BH95W00203 ER PT S AU Shortt, DG AF Shortt, DG BE Nunamaker, JF Sprague, RH TI A case study: Using groupware to build the Air Force Information Resource Management (IRM) strategic plan SO THIRTIETH HAWAII INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYSTEM SCIENCES, VOL 2: INFORMATION SYSTEMS - COLLABORATION SYSTEMS AND TECHNOLOGY SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE ANNUAL HAWAII INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYSTEM SCIENCES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 30th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS 30) CY JAN 07-10, 1997 CL WAILEA, HI SP Univ Hawaii, Univ Hawaii Manoa, Coll Business Adm AB The Deputy Assistant Secretary for Communications, Computer and Support Systems (SAF/AQK) requested Air Force Management Engineering Agency (AFMEA) assistance in developing a strategic plan for Air Force Information Resources Management (IRM). In the past, AFMEA had developed ifs own strategic plan but this was the first such request from a client. One of the primacy reasons SAF/AQK approached AFMEA was the new Training and Innovation Center (TIC) we had under construction at the time. This new center provided the latest in groupware technology and the ability to enhance meeting productivity within the Air Force. Since the IRM Strategic Plan required consensus of three functional communities (communication/ computer, information management, and acquisition), the client wanted over thirty people in the room in order to achieve buy-in, yet still wanted to keep the workshop under two weeks. Our new twenty-seat TIC offered the possibility of meeting these needs but we were hesitant to start with a meeting of so many participants (basically two to a computer). However, since the vision, mission, goals and strategies developed by this plan had potential for a great impact on another of our Functional Process Improvement (or reengineering) efforts underway, we agreed to facilitate the plan's development. We used several techniques to develop the strategic plan. This paper will cover in detail the environmental scan or Strengths-Weaknesses-Opportunities-Weaknesses (SWOT) analysis which formed the baseline for developing the IRM mission, vision, goals and strategies. C1 USAF, Management Engn Agcy, Washington, DC 20330 USA. RP Shortt, DG (reprint author), USAF, Management Engn Agcy, Washington, DC 20330 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA SN 1060-3425 BN 0-8186-7743-0 J9 P ANN HICSS PY 1997 BP 447 EP 456 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Information Systems SC Computer Science GA BK74U UT WOS:000073324400046 ER PT S AU Mandico, J Higgins, LF AF Mandico, J Higgins, LF BE Nunamaker, JF Sprague, RH TI Integrating the 4 P's of creativity in an IS project: An ethnographic example from Hewlett-Packard SO THIRTIETH HAWAII INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYSTEM SCIENCES, VOL 3: INFORMATION SYSTEMS TRACK - ORGANIZATIONAL SYSTEMS AND TECHNOLOGY SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE ANNUAL HAWAII INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYSTEM SCIENCES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 30th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS 30) CY JAN 07-10, 1997 CL WAILEA, HI SP Univ Hawaii, Univ Hawaii Manoa, Coll Business Adm AB The field of creativity is rich in examples of group efforts leading to significant breakthroughs in innovation. For example, in the area of biochemistry, Crick and Watson are famous for discovering the composition of DNA and the Wright Brothers are well known as the first to accomplish sustained flight. Research in the field of creativity has indicated that the dyad (two people) is often the optimal group number for creative output [1]. The importance of understanding how creative output occurs in work groups has increased as a result of the trend toward self-directed work groups and the learning organization. There is little empirical research on the dynamics of successful creative partnerships in the field of IS. The research reported here chronicles the work of a dyad written from the perspective of one the partners who was responsible for successful completion of the project. We applied ethnography as a method to conduct the research. Personal interviews were also conducted with upper level managers who approved funding for the project and others involved with the project. We attempt to integrate the 4 P's of creativity (person, process, press, and product) in the study and examine interactions that occurred among the 4 P's. We begin our report with a brief review of two well known partnerships in science - Watson and Crick in the field of biochemistry and the Wright brothers in aviation. Based on conclusions drawn from these and other partnerships we then compare this particular project to principles of creativity reported in previous studies. We close with a list of managerial implications for IS projects. C1 NORAD Syst Support Facil, Tyndall AFB, FL 32403 USA. RP Mandico, J (reprint author), NORAD Syst Support Facil, Tyndall AFB, FL 32403 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA SN 1060-3425 BN 0-8186-7743-0 J9 P ANN HICSS PY 1997 BP 298 EP 308 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Information Systems SC Computer Science GA BK74V UT WOS:000073324600033 ER PT B AU Butler, JT Bright, VM Comtois, JH AF Butler, JT Bright, VM Comtois, JH GP IEEE TI Advanced multichip module packaging of microelectromechanical systems SO TRANSDUCERS 97 - 1997 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SOLID-STATE SENSORS AND ACTUATORS, DIGEST OF TECHNICAL PAPERS, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1997 International Conference on Solid-State Sensors and Actuators CY JUN 16-19, 1997 CL CHICAGO, IL SP IEEE Electron Devices Soc DE multichip modules; packaging; micro-electromechanical systems AB Multichip module (MCM) packaging provides an efficient solution to integration of MEMS with microelectronics. In this paper, new methods of packaging MEMS using two advanced MCM foundry processes are described. A special purpose surface micromachined MEMS packaging test chip was designed and fabricated. The MEMS test die was packaged with CMOS electronics die using the ''chips first'' General Electric high density interconnect (HDI) technology and the Micro Module System MCM-D process. RP Butler, JT (reprint author), USAF,INST TECHNOL,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-3829-4 PY 1997 BP 261 EP 264 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BJ35B UT WOS:A1997BJ35B00063 ER PT B AU Burns, DM Bright, VM AF Burns, DM Bright, VM GP IEEE TI Investigation of the maximum optical power rating for a micro-electro-mechanical device SO TRANSDUCERS 97 - 1997 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SOLID-STATE SENSORS AND ACTUATORS, DIGEST OF TECHNICAL PAPERS, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1997 International Conference on Solid-State Sensors and Actuators CY JUN 16-19, 1997 CL CHICAGO, IL SP IEEE Electron Devices Soc DE polysilicon; MUMPs; micromirror AB This paper reports results of an investigation of optical power induced damage to a MEMS device, and the development of a mathematical model for predicting the maximum incident optical power a MEMS device can withstand before the reflective surface is permanently damaged. The mathematical model is based on a heat flow analysis of a MEMS device in thermal equilibrium under direct illumination, and has been validated using a variety of surface-micromachined micromirrors with both thermal simulation and direct laser illumination. RP Burns, DM (reprint author), USAF,INST TECHNOL,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-3829-4 PY 1997 BP 335 EP 338 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BJ35B UT WOS:A1997BJ35B00082 ER PT B AU Reid, JR Bright, VM Comtois, JH AF Reid, JR Bright, VM Comtois, JH GP IEEE TI Automated assembly of flip-up micromirrors SO TRANSDUCERS 97 - 1997 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SOLID-STATE SENSORS AND ACTUATORS, DIGEST OF TECHNICAL PAPERS, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1997 International Conference on Solid-State Sensors and Actuators CY JUN 16-19, 1997 CL CHICAGO, IL SP IEEE Electron Devices Soc DE automated assembly; microactuators; flip-up micromirrors AB A microelectromechanical system for the automated assembly of flip-up micro-structures has been designed and fabricated. The system consists of a vertical thermal actuator, a linear assembly micromotor, and a self-engaging locking mechanism. The vertical thermal actuator is used to lift one end of the plate off of the substrate. This provides the linear assembly micromotor the leverage needed to push the plate up into a position where the self engaging locking mechanism secures the plate. The automated assembly system is demonstrated with a scanning micromirror and a corner cube reflector. RP Reid, JR (reprint author), USAF,INST TECHNOL,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-3829-4 PY 1997 BP 347 EP 350 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BJ35B UT WOS:A1997BJ35B00085 ER PT B AU Comtois, JH Michalicek, MA Barron, CC AF Comtois, JH Michalicek, MA Barron, CC GP IEEE TI Characterization of electrothermal actuators and arrays fabricated in a four-level, planarized surface-micromachined polycrystalline silicon process SO TRANSDUCERS 97 - 1997 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SOLID-STATE SENSORS AND ACTUATORS, DIGEST OF TECHNICAL PAPERS, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1997 International Conference on Solid-State Sensors and Actuators CY JUN 16-19, 1997 CL CHICAGO, IL SP IEEE Electron Devices Soc DE microactuators; electrothermal; SUMMiT AB This paper presents the results of tests performed on a variety of electrothermal microactuators and arrays of these actuators recently fabricated in the four-level planarized polycrystalline silicon (polysilicon) SUMMiT process at the U. S. Department of Energy's Sandia National Laboratories [1]. These results are intended to aid designers of thermally actuated mechanisms, and will apply to similar actuators made in other polysilicon MEMS processes. The measurements include force and deflection versus input power, maximum operating frequency, effects of long term operation, and ideal actuator and array geometries for different design criteria. A typical application in a stepper motor is shown to illustrate the utility of these actuators and arrays. RP Comtois, JH (reprint author), USAF,PHILLIPS LAB,KIRTLAND AFB,NM 87117, USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-3829-4 PY 1997 BP 769 EP 772 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BJ35B UT WOS:A1997BJ35B00186 ER PT B AU Shope, FL AF Shope, FL BE Hah, C TI An interactive program for equilibrium-air thermodynamic and one-dimensional gas dynamic calculations SO TURBOMACHINERY FLUID DYNAMICS AND HEAT TRANSFER SE MECHANICAL ENGINEERING : A SERIES OF TEXTBOOKS AND REFERENCE BOOKS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Turbomachinery Fluid Dynamics and Heat Transfer, on the Occasion of Dr B Lakshminarayanas 60th Birthday CY JUN 13-14, 1995 CL PENN STATE UNIV, UNIVERSITY PK, PA SP Penn State Univ, USN, Off Naval Res HO PENN STATE UNIV RP Shope, FL (reprint author), SVERDRUP TECHNOL INC,AEDC GRP,APPL TECHNOL DEPT,ARNOLD AFB,TN, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARCEL DEKKER PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 BN 0-8247-9829-5 J9 MECH ENG SE PY 1997 VL 110 BP 303 EP 325 PG 23 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering; Thermodynamics GA BH15X UT WOS:A1997BH15X00015 ER PT B AU Baum, CE AF Baum, CE BE Baum, CE Carin, L Stone, AP TI Transient arrays SO ULTRA-WIDEBAND, SHORT-PULSE ELECTROMAGNETICS 3 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Ultra-Wideband, Short-Pulse Electromagnetics (UWB,SP 3) CY MAY 27-31, 1996 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP Summa Fdn, Permanent HPEM Comm RP Baum, CE (reprint author), USAF,PHILLIPS LAB,3550 ABERDEEN AVE SE,KIRTLAND AFB,NM 87117, USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PRESS DIV PLENUM PUBLISHING CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 BN 0-306-45593-5 PY 1997 BP 129 EP 138 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BH71A UT WOS:A1997BH71A00017 ER PT B AU Prather, WD Baum, CE Agee, FJ OLoughlin, JP Scholfield, DW Burger, JW Hull, J Schoenberg, JSH Copeland, R AF Prather, WD Baum, CE Agee, FJ OLoughlin, JP Scholfield, DW Burger, JW Hull, J Schoenberg, JSH Copeland, R BE Baum, CE Carin, L Stone, AP TI Ultrawide band sources and antennas: Present technology, future challenges SO ULTRA-WIDEBAND, SHORT-PULSE ELECTROMAGNETICS 3 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Ultra-Wideband, Short-Pulse Electromagnetics (UWB,SP 3) CY MAY 27-31, 1996 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP Summa Fdn, Permanent HPEM Comm RP Prather, WD (reprint author), USAF,PHILLIPS LAB,KIRTLAND AFB,NM 87117, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PRESS DIV PLENUM PUBLISHING CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 BN 0-306-45593-5 PY 1997 BP 381 EP 389 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BH71A UT WOS:A1997BH71A00045 ER PT B AU Buchenauer, CJ Tyo, JS Schoenberg, JSH AF Buchenauer, CJ Tyo, JS Schoenberg, JSH BE Baum, CE Carin, L Stone, AP TI Antennas and electric field sensors for ultra-wideband transient time-domain measurements: Applications and methods SO ULTRA-WIDEBAND, SHORT-PULSE ELECTROMAGNETICS 3 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Ultra-Wideband, Short-Pulse Electromagnetics (UWB,SP 3) CY MAY 27-31, 1996 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP Summa Fdn, Permanent HPEM Comm AB Many time-domain electromagnetic measurements require sensors that generate accurate signals proportional to the incident electric field for some finite clear time, after which the response may be of little interest, except for a possible frequency-domain requirement on the damping of resonances. In a review of earlier work,(1) examples of such devices are given that combine more conventional antennas with open transmission lines. In designs that can have highly directional properties, antenna effective height h(eff), risetime t(r), and clear time t(c) may be chosen independently. Current work focuses on extending the parameter range of these sensors to greater sensitivity and shorter risetimes, where sensor performance becomes limited by the effects of skin and dielectric loss and dispersion. These limitations are largely overcome through the use of guided-wave optics in sensor designs. RP Buchenauer, CJ (reprint author), USAF,PHILLIPS LAB,WSQW,KIRTLAND AFB,NM 87117, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PRESS DIV PLENUM PUBLISHING CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 BN 0-306-45593-5 PY 1997 BP 405 EP 421 PG 17 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BH71A UT WOS:A1997BH71A00048 ER PT B AU Min, K Willis, M AF Min, K Willis, M BE Baum, CE Carin, L Stone, AP TI Dense media penetrating radar SO ULTRA-WIDEBAND, SHORT-PULSE ELECTROMAGNETICS 3 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Ultra-Wideband, Short-Pulse Electromagnetics (UWB,SP 3) CY MAY 27-31, 1996 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP Summa Fdn, Permanent HPEM Comm RP Min, K (reprint author), USAF,WRIGHT LAB,ARMAMENT DIRECTORATE,MUNIT DIV,FUZES BRANCH,101 W EGLIN BLVD,SUITE 219,EGLIN AFB,FL 32542, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PRESS DIV PLENUM PUBLISHING CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 BN 0-306-45593-5 PY 1997 BP 423 EP 430 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BH71A UT WOS:A1997BH71A00049 ER PT S AU Howard, NE Gardner, DW Snyder, DR AF Howard, NE Gardner, DW Snyder, DR BE Davidhazy, A Etoh, T Johnson, CB Snyder, DR Walton, JS TI Million frame per second CCD camera with 16 frames of storage SO ULTRAHIGH- AND HIGH-SPEED PHOTOGRAPHY AND IMAGE-BASED MOTION MEASUREMENT SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Ultrahigh-Speed and High-Speed Photography and Imaged-based Motion Measurement CY JUL 28-30, 1997 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers DE high speed camera; high speed CCD; on chip storage AB Ultrafast imaging is an important need for the development, control, and evaluation of modern air-deliverable weapons systems. Recent advances in optical imaging such as speckle interferometry can potentially improve DoD capability to deliver munitions and armaments to targets at long ranges, and under adverse seeing conditions. Moderate density arrays of at least 100x100 pixels and frame rates of at least 1MHz are required Ultrafast imaging is also required for flow field optical image analysis for hypersonic propulsion systems. Silicon Mountain Design (SMD) has built such an imager so that high quality images can be obtained for relatively low cost. The SMD-64k1M camera is capable of imaging 1,000,000 frames pet second using a 256 x 256 array with the ability to store 16 frames with true 12 bits of dynamic range. This camera allows researchers to capture multiple high speed events using solid state technology housed in a 53 cubic inch package. A brief technical overview of the imager and results are presented in this paper. C1 Silicon Mt Design, Colorado Springs, CO 80919 USA. USAF, Wright Lab, MNSA, Electro Opt Instrumentat, Eglin AFB, FL 32542 USA. RP Howard, NE (reprint author), Silicon Mt Design, 5055 Corp Plaza Dr,Suite 100, Colorado Springs, CO 80919 USA. NR 0 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-2595-8 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3173 BP 40 EP 47 DI 10.1117/12.294545 PG 8 WC Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BK21R UT WOS:000071550800005 ER PT S AU Bieber, LA Rhea, KD Gardner, DW Snyder, DR AF Bieber, LA Rhea, KD Gardner, DW Snyder, DR BE Davidhazy, A Etoh, T Johnson, CB Snyder, DR Walton, JS TI Megapixel 1000 frame per second camera with 1000 frame storage SO ULTRAHIGH- AND HIGH-SPEED PHOTOGRAPHY AND IMAGE-BASED MOTION MEASUREMENT SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Ultrahigh-Speed and High-Speed Photography and Imaged-based Motion Measurement CY JUL 28-30, 1997 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers DE high speed camera; high resolution camera; CCD; progressive scan CCD AB One of the main problems facing users of high speed imagers is the difficulty of storing the large volume of generated data. Silicon Mountain Design (SMD) has designed a 1000 frame per second digital camera, the Mach-1, which alleviates this problem by storing 1000 frames in its on board memory. SMD's software then allows the user to view the data set, or a subset and save the desired information to the storage media of choice. The unique design and interline transfer architecture of SMD's imager gives this camera high sensitivity, excellent red response, and eliminates the image smearing common in other high speed cameras. The Mach-1's output has 10 bits of dynamic range and uses innovative electronics to achieve less than 1 bit of RMS noise, all without the need for active cooling. The frame rate is adjustable from 1000 FPS down to 62.5 FPS by factors of 2 and electronic shuttering is offered down to 10 microseconds. Electronic shuttering results in crisp images of rapidly moving objects without the need for inefficient LCD shutters. The Mach-1 also has the capability of synchronizing multiple cameras which allows for stereo imaging and other multiple viewpoint applications. The Mach-1 has been used to enhance the performance of weapons delivery systems and also for 3 dimensional medical imaging. A brief technical overview of the camera and its performance are presented in this paper. C1 Silicon Mt Design, Colorado Springs, CO 80919 USA. USAF, Wright Lab, MNSA, Electro Opt Instrumentat, Eglin AFB, FL 32542 USA. RP Bieber, LA (reprint author), Silicon Mt Design, 5055 Corp Plaza Dr,Suite 100, Colorado Springs, CO 80919 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-2595-8 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3173 BP 48 EP 56 DI 10.1117/12.294546 PG 9 WC Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BK21R UT WOS:000071550800006 ER PT S AU Snyder, DR Payne, S Keller, E Longo, S Caudle, DE Walker, DC Sartor, MA Keeler, J Kerr, D Fail, W Gannon, J Carrol, E Jamison, T AF Snyder, DR Payne, S Keller, E Longo, S Caudle, DE Walker, DC Sartor, MA Keeler, J Kerr, D Fail, W Gannon, J Carrol, E Jamison, T BE Davidhazy, A Etoh, T Johnson, CB Snyder, DR Walton, JS TI A Hi-G electronic gated camera for precision trajectory analysis SO ULTRAHIGH- AND HIGH-SPEED PHOTOGRAPHY AND IMAGE-BASED MOTION MEASUREMENT SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Ultrahigh-Speed and High-Speed Photography and Imaged-based Motion Measurement CY JUL 28-30, 1997 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers AB It is extremely difficult and expensive to determine the flight attitude and aimpoint of small maneuvering miniature air vehicles from ground based fixed or tracking photography. Telemetry alone cannot provide sufficient information bandwidth on "what" the ground tracking is seeing and consequently "why" it did or did not; function properly. Additionally, it is anticipated that "smart" and "brilliant" guided vehicles now in development will require a high resolution imaging support system to determine which target and which part of a ground feature is being used for navigation or targeting. Other requirements include support of sub-component separation from developmental supersonic vehicles, where the clean separation from the container is not determinable from ground based film systems and film cameras do not survive vehicle breakup and impact, Hence, the requirement is to develop and demonstrate an Imaging support system for development/testing that can provide the Eight vehicle developer/analyst with imagery (combined with miniature telemetry sources) sufficient to recreate the trajectory, terminal navigation, and flight termination events. C1 USAF, Wright Lab, Expt Dynam Sect, Eglin AFB, FL 32542 USA. US Army Res, Dev & Engn Command, AMSTA AR FST E, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. Xyb Elect Syst, San Diego, CA 92126 USA. Sverdrup Corp, Eglin AFB, FL 32542 USA. RP Snyder, DR (reprint author), USAF, Wright Lab, Expt Dynam Sect, 101 W Eglin Blvd Ste 309, Eglin AFB, FL 32542 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-2595-8 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3173 BP 262 EP 273 DI 10.1117/12.294547 PG 12 WC Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BK21R UT WOS:000071550800030 ER PT B AU Kadrovach, B Jarusiewic, P Read, B Bishop, R Concha, L Olson, H AF Kadrovach, B Jarusiewic, P Read, B Bishop, R Concha, L Olson, H GP IEEE COMP SOC TI Using WAVES for verification of synthesized sub-components in a deeply hierarchical design SO VHDL INTERNATIONAL USERS' FORUM, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT VHDL-Internal-Users-Forum 1997 Fall Conference (VIUF 97) CY OCT 19-22, 1997 CL ARLINGTON, VA SP VHDL Int Users Forum, IEEE Circuits & Syst Soc, Electr Ind Assoc, European CAD Stand Initiat AB The Waveform and Vector Exchange Standard (WAVES) and organically developed tools were used in a new testing and verification methodology for an in-house design of a massively parallel graphics accelerator integrated circuit with approximately 700,000 transistors. The purpose of the methodology was to automate as much as possible the functional testing of all implementation levels. WAVES and its associated support fools provide a convenient method to quickly and accurately develop testbenches for functional verification in VHDL at all levels. Additional tools were developed in-house to add capabilities for the testing and verification process. These added capabilities made WAVES useful for generating tests for gate and transistor models of the design components. RP Kadrovach, B (reprint author), USAF,RES LAB,AVION SIMULAT TECHNOL BRANCH,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E, COMPUTER SOC PRESS PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720 BN 0-8186-8180-2 PY 1997 BP 11 EP 17 PG 3 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA BJ80D UT WOS:A1997BJ80D00002 ER PT B AU Mills, MT AF Mills, MT GP IEEE COMP SOC TI A requirements analysis of proposed object oriented VHDL abstractions SO VHDL INTERNATIONAL USERS' FORUM, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT VHDL-Internal-Users-Forum 1997 Fall Conference (VIUF 97) CY OCT 19-22, 1997 CL ARLINGTON, VA SP VHDL Int Users Forum, IEEE Circuits & Syst Soc, Electr Ind Assoc, European CAD Stand Initiat AB This paper analyzes benefits gained from Object Oriented extensions to VHDL by providing and examining example VHDL test cases. Both existing VHDL language features and proposed extensions are examined based on what abstraction benefits are gained from a requirements point of view This paper concentrates specifically on an analysis of some Object Oriented extensions proposed by the University of Cincinnati while under contract to Wright Laboratory. Conclusions tare based on how well such Object Oriented extensions work with existing VHDL benefits to provide increased capabilities of the language and associated tools. RP Mills, MT (reprint author), AAS,WRIGHT LAB,AVION DIRECTORATE,2241 AVION CIRCLE RM N3-F22,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E, COMPUTER SOC PRESS PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720 BN 0-8186-8180-2 PY 1997 BP 68 EP 73 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA BJ80D UT WOS:A1997BJ80D00009 ER PT B AU Richmond, R Stettner, R Bailey, H AF Richmond, R Stettner, R Bailey, H BE Park, SK Juday, RD TI Smart sensor technology for air vehicles SO VISUAL INFORMATION PROCESSING VI SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Visual Information Processing VI CY APR 21-22, 1997 CL ORLANDO, FL SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers DE smart pixels; image pre-processing AB This paper describes an approach that will enable high speed processing of images to locate and track objects within the scene. Using a preprocessing chip directly attached to the detector array, the nearest neighbors of each element in the array can be analyzed in order to locate edges within the frame. These edges can be used to define objects. Because information about the object is all that is handed off to the main processor, both the data throughput and processing requirements are greatly reduced. This paper will discuss the basic program, modeling, preliminary chip design as well as the future plans for a 512x512 pixel preprocessor device that can operate at framing rates in excess of 1000 frames per second. RP Richmond, R (reprint author), USAF,WRIGHT LAB,AVION DIRECTORATE,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2489-7 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3074 BP 13 EP 17 DI 10.1117/12.280617 PG 5 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Optics SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science; Optics GA BJ34W UT WOS:A1997BJ34W00002 ER PT B AU Desrochers, PR Yee, SYK AF Desrochers, PR Yee, SYK BE Aldroubi, A Laine, AF Unser, MA TI A wavelet-based algorithm for mesocyclone detection SO WAVELET APPLICATIONS IN SIGNAL AND IMAGE PROCESSING V SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Wavelet Applications in Signal and Image Processing V CY JUL 30-AUG 01, 1997 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers DE mesocyclone detection; severe thunderstorm; wavelets; scale separation; feature extraction; denoising AB Severe weather such as tornadoes and large hail often emanates from thunderstorms that have persistent, well organized, rotating updrafts. These rotating updrafts, which are generally referred to as mesocyclones, appear as couplets of incoming and outgoing radial velocities to a single Doppler radar. Observations of mesocyclones reveal useful information on the kinematics in the vicinity of the storm updraft that, if properly interpreted, can be used to assess the likelihood and intensity of the severe weather. Automated algorithms for such assessments exist, but are inconsistent in their wind shear estimations and are prone to high false alarm rates. Reported here are the elements of a new approach that we believe will alleviate the shortcomings of previous mesocyclone detection algorithms. This wavelet-based approach enables us to focus on the known scales where mesocyclones reside. Common data quality problems associated with radar data such as noise and data gaps are handled effectively by the approach presented here. We demonstrate our approach with a one-dimensional test pattern, then with a two-dimensional synthetic mesocyclone vortex, and finally with a case study. RP Desrochers, PR (reprint author), AIR FORCE RES LAB,29 RANDOLPH RD,HANSCOM AFB,MA 01731, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2591-5 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3169 BP 470 EP 480 DI 10.1117/12.279702 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BJ98C UT WOS:A1997BJ98C00044 ER PT B AU Brooks, G AF Brooks, G BE Szu, HH TI Comparison of vision and conventional wavelet filters SO WAVELET APPLICATIONS IV SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th Conference on Wavelet Applications CY APR 22-24, 1997 CL ORLANDO, FL SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers DE quadrature mirror filtering; subband coding; early vision; vision wavelets; retinal processing; vision processing; difference of Gaussians AB Biological vision systems of higher life forms naturally divide space, time, and color domains into a relatively few bandpass components. In the spacial domain, the division is primarily into a low frequency band-pass channel and a high frequency band-pass channel. Wavelet analysis also divides input into low and high band representations. Chips originally designed to exploit filtering functionality of biological retinas can also be used to perform fast analog decomposition of imagery into subsequent vision wavelet components. These filtering concepts are presented in connection to previously developed retinal processors and compared to conventional wavelet filters. Although perfect reconstruction is not performed by biological systems, it is used here as a metric for measuring level of information corruption inherent in biological filter models. RP Brooks, G (reprint author), USAF,ARMAMENT DIRECTORATE,ADV GUIDANCE DIV,WL,EGLIN AFB,FL 32542, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2493-5 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3078 BP 517 EP 528 DI 10.1117/12.271743 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Engineering; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BH61A UT WOS:A1997BH61A00048 ER PT B AU Kelly, ES Ondercin, RJ Detrio, JA Greason, PR AF Kelly, ES Ondercin, RJ Detrio, JA Greason, PR BE Tustison, RW TI Environmental testing of long wave infrared (LWIR) windows SO WINDOW AND DOME TECHNOLOGIES AND MATERIALS V SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Window and Dome Technologies and Applications CY APR 21-22, 1997 CL ORLANDO, FL SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers DE IR windows; rain erosion; sand erosion; combined effects; ZnS AB Accurate and reliable testing is paramount to the development of LWIR window materials. Without appropriate characterization and testing, improvements to existing technologies are impossible to document with certainty. Reliable and repeatable testing provides the data needed to measure advancements and identify improvements in any technology. No single test can be completely definitive, and the continuous evaluation of emerging technologies using different test methods under varying conditions is critical when evaluating a new material's capability. The environmental testing of infrared (IR) window materials has traditionally consisted of rain erosion testing, single impact water jet testing, and sand erosion testing. While these three tests provide the materials engineer with significant insight into the durability of a window material, these tests have generally ignored the combined effect of rain and sand, This paper looks at the combined effect of rain and sand erosion on a standard LWIR window material, zinc sulfide (ZnS). RP Kelly, ES (reprint author), USAF,WRIGHT LAB,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2475-7 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3060 BP 68 EP 75 DI 10.1117/12.277066 PG 8 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BJ21Y UT WOS:A1997BJ21Y00007 ER PT B AU Taylor, CD Gutierrez, SJ Langdon, SL Murphy, KL Walton, WA AF Taylor, CD Gutierrez, SJ Langdon, SL Murphy, KL Walton, WA BE Reed, JH Rappaport, TS Woerner, BD TI Measurement of RF propagation into concrete structures over the frequency range 100 MHZ to 3 GHz SO WIRELESS PERSONAL COMMUNICATIONS: ADVANCES IN COVERAGE AND CAPACITY SE KLUWER INTERNATIONAL SERIES IN ENGINEERING AND COMPUTER SCIENCE : COMMUNICATIONS AND INFORMATION THEORY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th Annual Virginia Tech Symposium on Wireless Personal Communications - Advances in Coverage and Capacity CY JUN 05-07, 1996 CL VIRGINIA POLYTECH INST & STATE UNIV, BLACKSBURG, VA HO VIRGINIA POLYTECH INST & STATE UNIV AB A concrete structure with few ports of entry for RF was illuminated over the frequency range of 100 MHz to 3 Ghz to characterize the propagation of RF signals into the interior region of the structure. I;rte construction of the building tested is standard for a blast hardened facility. Outside walls of the structure are two-feet thick concrete with horizontal and vertical rebar separated by only eight inches. And the flat roof/ceiling is three-feet thick concrete with a two-inch steel plate base. With only one door located at the rear of the building and one set of windows across the front of the Building, RF penetration through windows, doors and walk can be isolated and characterized separately. Illumination of the concrete structure is provided by using two log-periodic antennas driven from two wideband linear amplifiers for the frequency range 100 MHz to I Ghz. Above I Ghz two traveling-wave tube amplifiers were used to reach 3 Ghz. Swept frequency measurements of the RF attenuation into the building were performed by using automatic network analyzers with the amplifier/antenna configurations. Logarithmic spacing of the frequency samples was used in the frequency sweep process. In all cases the antennas were oriented to produce a vertically polarized electric field with a horizontally polarized magnetic field. The RF penetration is characterized transfer functions that are ratios of the penetrant field to the incident field. In order to remove the antenna-to-measurement point distance variable, both the penetrant field and the incident field were recorded at the same distance from the antenna. The incident field is measured by directing the antenna toward an open region and measuring the horizontal magnetic field component al the surface of a large metal plate resting on the ground. Considering radiation conditions obtain, the incident electric field is computed from the magnetic field measurement. Measured data for the penetrant field are compared with theoretical predictions to verify the results. Interior measurements indicate that the rebar attenuation of the electric field was nor significant above 120 MHz while the rebar attenuation of the magnetic field was not important above 200 MHz Near the window there is little attenuation at all frequencies. However, there is significant attenuation, more than 50 dB, through the concrete roof/celling for all frequencies. RP Taylor, CD (reprint author), USAF,PHILLIPS LAB,WSM,3550 ABERDEEN AVE SE,KIRTLAND AFB,NM 87117, USA. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS PI NORWELL PA 101 PHILIP DRIVE, ASSINIPPI PARK, NORWELL, MA 02061 BN 0-7923-9788-6 J9 KLUW COMMUN PY 1997 BP 131 EP 144 PG 14 WC Telecommunications SC Telecommunications GA BJ16W UT WOS:A1997BJ16W00013 ER PT B AU Rafferty, BD Anderson, BT Glassman, J Miller, HC Lampson, AI Hager, GD AF Rafferty, BD Anderson, BT Glassman, J Miller, HC Lampson, AI Hager, GD BE Hall, DR Baker, HJ TI Experimental and theoretical investigation of a coaxial pumped photolytic atomic bromine laser SO XI INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON GAS FLOW AND CHEMICAL LASERS AND HIGH-POWER LASER CONFERENCE SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT XI International Symposium on Gas Flow and Chemical Lasers and High-Power Laser Conference (GCL/HPL 96) CY AUG 25-30, 1996 CL EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND SP Engn & Phys Sci Res Council, European Off Aerosp Res & Dev, Int Sci Fdn, Lothian & Edinburgh Enterprise Ltd, Scottish Enterprise, Heriot Watt Univ, City Edinburgh Council, Inst Phys, Quantum Electr Grp, Inst Electr Engineers, Royal Soc, Lumonics UK Ltd, Melles Griot Ltd, Exitech Ltd, Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers AB Results of parametric studies on a high efficiency, 2.7 mu m atomic bromine laser, produced by photolyzing IBr with 532 mm radiation, are presented. Concurrently, the results of a rate equation computer model show excellent agreement with experimental measurements. RP Rafferty, BD (reprint author), USAF,PHILLIPS LAB,LIDB,3550 ABERDEEN AVE SE,KIRTLAND AFB,NM 87117, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2507-9 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3092 BP 76 EP 81 DI 10.1117/12.270178 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA BH76H UT WOS:A1997BH76H00017 ER PT B AU Helms, CA Rittenhouse, TL Phipps, SP Truesdell, KA Hager, GD AF Helms, CA Rittenhouse, TL Phipps, SP Truesdell, KA Hager, GD BE Hall, DR Baker, HJ TI Extraction efficiency of a 5-cm gain length supersonic chemical oxygen-iodine laser SO XI INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON GAS FLOW AND CHEMICAL LASERS AND HIGH-POWER LASER CONFERENCE SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT XI International Symposium on Gas Flow and Chemical Lasers and High-Power Laser Conference (GCL/HPL 96) CY AUG 25-30, 1996 CL EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND SP Engn & Phys Sci Res Council, European Off Aerosp Res & Dev, Int Sci Fdn, Lothian & Edinburgh Enterprise Ltd, Scottish Enterprise, Heriot Watt Univ, City Edinburgh Council, Inst Phys, Quantum Electr Grp, Inst Electr Engineers, Royal Soc, Lumonics UK Ltd, Melles Griot Ltd, Exitech Ltd, Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers DE chemical oxygen-iodine laser; chemical laser; oxygen iodine laser AB Gain saturation and diffractive loss data have been collected on the Phillips Laboratory's VertiCOIL laser. These data have been applied to the COIL simplified saturation model to estimate the optical extraction efficiency of VertiCOIL. RP Helms, CA (reprint author), USAF,PHILLIPS LAB,LIDB,3550 ABERDEEN AVE SE,KIRTLAND AFB,NM 87117, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2507-9 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3092 BP 544 EP 548 DI 10.1117/12.270127 PG 5 WC Optics SC Optics GA BH76H UT WOS:A1997BH76H00123 ER PT B AU Truesdell, KA Helms, CA Frerking, S Hager, GD Plummer, DN Copland, RJ AF Truesdell, KA Helms, CA Frerking, S Hager, GD Plummer, DN Copland, RJ BE Hall, DR Baker, HJ TI COIL performance modeling and recent advances in diagnostic measurements SO XI INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON GAS FLOW AND CHEMICAL LASERS AND HIGH-POWER LASER CONFERENCE SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT XI International Symposium on Gas Flow and Chemical Lasers and High-Power Laser Conference (GCL/HPL 96) CY AUG 25-30, 1996 CL EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND SP Engn & Phys Sci Res Council, European Off Aerosp Res & Dev, Int Sci Fdn, Lothian & Edinburgh Enterprise Ltd, Scottish Enterprise, Heriot Watt Univ, City Edinburgh Council, Inst Phys, Quantum Electr Grp, Inst Electr Engineers, Royal Soc, Lumonics UK Ltd, Melles Griot Ltd, Exitech Ltd, Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers DE chemical oxygen iodine laser; chemical laser; chemical laser diagnostics AB This paper describes the analysis of power extraction from a chemical oxygen iodine laser (COIL) using a Simplified Saturation Model (SSI). Previously our COIL modeling efforts have been limited by an inability to accurately measure O-2((1) Delta) concentrations which in tern is a measure of the power available in the laser. Earlier application of the SSM to RotoCOIL, data implied that our measured O-2((1) Delta) could not be correct. In this paper we show how a new method for experimentally inferring O-2((1) Delta) by measuring O-2((3) Sigma) leads to better agreement between experiment and theory. These results strongly imply that if a COIL model is anchored to literature O-2((1) Delta) measurements, caution needs to be applied when using the model for predicting performance. RP Truesdell, KA (reprint author), USAF,PHILLIPS LAB,3550 ABERDEEN AVE SE,KIRTLAND AFB,NM 87117, USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2507-9 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3092 BP 676 EP 681 DI 10.1117/12.270162 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA BH76H UT WOS:A1997BH76H00155 ER PT J AU Tsukruk, VV Bunning, TJ Korner, H Ober, CK Adams, WW AF Tsukruk, VV Bunning, TJ Korner, H Ober, CK Adams, WW TI Molecular association in nematic phases of cyclic liquid crystal oligomers SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-SCATTERING; COMB-LIKE POLYMERS; ORDER; DYNAMICS AB We analyzed molecular ordering in the nematic phase of cyclic LC oligomers with mesogenic groups attached to a central siloxane ring. We focus on relationships between the local spatial arrangement of these molecules and low-angle X-ray scattering phenomena as revealed by computer molecular modeling. Computer simulation shows that the presence of strong low-angle X-ray reflections in the nematic phase is caused by local association of the molecules. The cyclic molecules form double-row associations with up to six molecules packed in a single string. The presence of the siloxane central rings with a high local concentration of Si-O atomic groups with strong scattering power is critical for the appearance of these low-angle X-ray reflections with significant intensity. Cycling of siloxane groups into short rings hinders rotation and restricts mobility of these fragments, resulting in a high localization of strong scattering groups. Computer simulation of X-ray properties of partially ordered systems within the ''lattice approximation'' works well for crystal lattices and highly ordered mesophases like smectics. However, this approach underestimates local distortions of positional ordering and does not adequately describe short-range molecular ordering in the nematic phase. Application of straightforward calculations of the form-factor of molecular clusters reproduces major features of these unusual X-ray scattering patterns but falls short in describing fine details such as diffuse background scattering, peak profiles, and exact d-spacings. C1 CORNELL UNIV,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,ITHACA,NY 14853. USAF,WRIGHT LAB,MLPJ,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. SCI APPLICAT INT CORP,DAYTON,OH 45431. RP Tsukruk, VV (reprint author), WESTERN MICHIGAN UNIV,COLL ENGN & APPL SCI,KALAMAZOO,MI 49008, USA. RI Adams, Wade/A-7305-2010 NR 32 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD DEC 30 PY 1996 VL 29 IS 27 BP 8706 EP 8716 DI 10.1021/ma960770o PG 11 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA WB741 UT WOS:A1996WB74100021 ER PT J AU Bunning, TJ Korner, H Tsukruk, VV McHugh, CM Ober, CK Adams, WW AF Bunning, TJ Korner, H Tsukruk, VV McHugh, CM Ober, CK Adams, WW TI Structural characterization of biphenyl ester-based LC molecules: Peculiarities of cyclic siloxane-based materials SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID COMB-LIKE POLYMERS; LIQUID-CRYSTAL; PHASES; NBABA; ORDER AB The X-ray meridional profiles of a series of liquid crystalline molecules possessing the same mesogen but different siloxane-based backbones and spacer lengths are compared. Siloxane cores investigated include rings of different sizes, linear polysiloxanes, and short linear segments. The presence of diffuse, periodic reflections for ring-based compounds is attributed in part to translational association of the mesogenic units along the director (strings). The absence of these reflections in smaller, more flexible cores indicates that the localization of strong scattering units induced by the cyclic and linear cores also contributes to the strength of this molecular association. Correlations between measured correlation lengths, orientation parameters, and ''string'' lengths are discussed in detail. Preliminary molecular modeling is used to investigate the origins of these peculiar scattering phenomena as a function of the molecular architecture. C1 CORNELL UNIV,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,ITHACA,NY 14853. WESTERN MICHIGAN UNIV,COLL ENGN & APPL SCI,KALAMAZOO,MI 49008. USAF,WRIGHT LAB,MLPJ,MAT DIRECTORATE,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. RP Bunning, TJ (reprint author), SCI APPLICAT INT CORP,101 WOODMAN DR,DAYTON,OH 45431, USA. RI Adams, Wade/A-7305-2010 NR 28 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD DEC 30 PY 1996 VL 29 IS 27 BP 8717 EP 8725 DI 10.1021/ma960637w PG 9 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA WB741 UT WOS:A1996WB74100022 ER PT J AU Dutton, RE Semiatin, SL Goetz, RL AF Dutton, RE Semiatin, SL Goetz, RL TI Validation of computer models for the consolidation of metal-matrix composites SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE metal-matrix composites; consolidation behavior; computer simulation AB Finite element method (FEM) simulation results were compared to experimental observations to establish the suitability of advanced modeling techniques for the prediction of the consolidation behavior of continuous fiber, metal-matrix composites. Two consolidation techniques were examined: hot isostatic pressing (HIP) of foil-fiber-foil layups and HIP of tapecast monotapes. In both cases, the matrix was the alpha-two titanium aluminide alloy Ti-24Al-11Nb (a/o), and the fibers were silicon carbide. Model predictions and accompanying experimental measurements revealed the important effect of the interface friction-shear factor on consolidation time for foil-fiber-foil layups. In addition, the predicted consolidation times for the foil-fiber-foil method were found to be sensitive to small variations in HIP temperature and material flow properties such as the strain-rate sensitivity, especially for low consolidation temperatures. By contrast, predicted consolidation times for tapecast monotape layups were relatively insensitive to the magnitude of the interface friction-shear factor. The kinetics of densification of the tapecast monotapes were well described using an FEM model incorporating a material-sensitive yield function and associated flow rule. C1 UNIVERSAL ENERGY SYST INC,DAYTON,OH 45432. RP Dutton, RE (reprint author), USAF,WRIGHT LAB,MAT DIRECTORATE,MLLN,WL,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. RI SEMIATIN, SHELDON/E-7264-2017 NR 6 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD DEC 30 PY 1996 VL 221 IS 1-2 BP 85 EP 93 DI 10.1016/S0921-5093(96)10456-1 PG 9 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA WB642 UT WOS:A1996WB64200011 ER PT J AU Skousen, GJ Wardinsky, T Chenaille, P AF Skousen, GJ Wardinsky, T Chenaille, P TI Medulloblastoma in patient with Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS LA English DT Letter C1 ALTA CALIF REG CTR,SACRAMENTO,CA. DAVID GRANT MED CTR,TRAVIS AFB,CA. USAF,PHYS ASSISTANT TRAINING PROGRAM PHASE 1,SHEPPARD AFB,TX. NR 2 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0148-7299 J9 AM J MED GENET JI Am. J. Med. Genet. PD DEC 18 PY 1996 VL 66 IS 3 BP 367 EP 367 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1096-8628(19961218)66:3<367::AID-AJMG27>3.0.CO;2-J PG 1 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA WA048 UT WOS:A1996WA04800027 PM 8985503 ER PT J AU Tomlin, DW Bunning, TJ McHugh, CM Adams, WW AF Tomlin, DW Bunning, TJ McHugh, CM Adams, WW TI Oxopregnenyl 4-allyloxybenzoate SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION C-CRYSTAL STRUCTURE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID SILOXANE LIQUID-CRYSTALS; CHOLESTERYL AB The molecule of 20-oxo-5-pregnen-3-yl 4-allyloxy-benzoate, C31H40O4, is extended, with the benzoate moiety twisted by 34.0(1)degrees from the least-squares plane through the tetracyclic core. The extended molecules pack in a parallel manner with respect to one another. C1 SCI APPLICAT INT CORP,DAYTON,OH 45431. USAF,WRIGHT LAB,MAT DIRECTORATE,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. RP Tomlin, DW (reprint author), TECH MANAGEMENT CONCEPTS INC,POB 34045,BEAVERCREEK,OH 45434, USA. RI Adams, Wade/A-7305-2010 NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0108-2701 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR C JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. C-Cryst. Struct. Commun. PD DEC 15 PY 1996 VL 52 BP 3181 EP 3183 DI 10.1107/S0108270196005562 PN 12 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA WE594 UT WOS:A1996WE59400098 ER PT J AU Das, GP Yeates, AT Dudis, DS AF Das, GP Yeates, AT Dudis, DS TI Iodine-doped transpolyacetylene SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF QUANTUM CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Atomic, Molecular, and Condensed Matter Theory and Computational Methods CY FEB 24-MAR 02, 1996 CL ST AUGUSTINE, FL ID POLYACETYLENE; CONDUCTION; SOLITONS AB With a view to elucidate and develop a model for the mechanism of conduction in doped transpolyacetylene (t-PA), we have carried out an ab initio study of the ground and excited state of transoctatetraene in the presence of an iodine atom. While the ground state is calculated as characterized by a slightly distorted alternating bond geometry, with iodine remaining largely neutral on top of the plane of the polyene near roughly the midpoint of the chain axis, the excited state has the geometry characterized by a solitonic distortion with the octatetraene carrying a net positive charge close to 0.7e. The bandgap [highest occupied to lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (HOMO-LUMO) gap] is computed to be nearly 0.8 eV. Moreover, the excited-state energy appears very insensitive to the position of iodine along the axis of the octatetraene chain. As an extension of an earlier calculation on the transport of charge by a charged soliton, a similar calculation is performed on a C8H10+ ''kink'' traveling along the backbone of C12H14+, yielding very similar results. A. computer code has been developed to compute the transport velocity of charge based on the above model and can be used in conjunction with the GAMESS program package. (C) 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 SYSTRAN CORP, DAYTON, OH 45432 USA. RP Das, GP (reprint author), USAF, WRIGHT LAB, MLBP, WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0020-7608 J9 INT J QUANTUM CHEM JI Int. J. Quantum Chem. PD DEC 15 PY 1996 VL 60 IS 7 BP 1499 EP 1504 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-461X(1996)60:7<1499::AID-QUA31>3.0.CO;2-X PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Mathematics; Physics GA VV912 UT WOS:A1996VV91200033 ER PT J AU Prasad, SV Walck, SD Mecklenburg, KR Lloyd, PF AF Prasad, SV Walck, SD Mecklenburg, KR Lloyd, PF TI Ultramicrotomy: A novel technique for preparing wear-debris samples for TEM analysis SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LETTERS LA English DT Article C1 UNIVERSAL ENERGY SYST INC,DAYTON,OH 45432. RP Prasad, SV (reprint author), MLBT,WRIGHT LAB,MAT DIRECTORATE,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU CHAPMAN HALL LTD PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8HN SN 0261-8028 J9 J MATER SCI LETT JI J. Mater. Sci. Lett. PD DEC 15 PY 1996 VL 15 IS 24 BP 2162 EP 2164 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA WB114 UT WOS:A1996WB11400016 ER PT J AU Pickard, GE Weber, ET Scott, PA Riberdy, AF Rea, MA AF Pickard, GE Weber, ET Scott, PA Riberdy, AF Rea, MA TI 5HT(1B) receptor agonists inhibit light-induced phase shifts of behavioral circadian rhythms and expression of the immediate-early gene c-fos in the suprachiasmatic nucleus SO JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE suprachiasmatic nucleus; circadian rhythm; presynaptic; 5HT(1B); TFMPP; CGS 12066A; c-fos; photic entrainment; retinal afferents; [I-125]-iodocyanopindolol ID CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; RETINAL GANGLION-CELLS; 5-HT1D BINDING-SITES; SUPERIOR COLLICULUS; RAT-BRAIN; SEROTONIN RECEPTOR; AXON TERMINALS; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL LOCALIZATION; PHARMACOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION; RETINOHYPOTHALAMIC PROJECTION AB The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) is a circadian oscillator and a critical component of the mammalian circadian system. It receives afferents from the retina and the mesencephalic raphe. Retinal afferents mediate photic entrainment of the SCN, whereas the serotonergic afferents originating from the midbrain modulate photic responses in the SCN; however, the serotonin (5HT) receptor subtypes in the SCN responsible for these modulatory effects are not well characterized. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that 5HT(1B) receptors are located presynaptically on retinal axon terminals in the SCN and that activation of these receptors inhibits retinal input. The 5HT(1B) receptor agonists TFMPP and CGS 12066A, administered systemically, inhibited light-induced phase shifts of the circadian activity rhythm in a dose-dependent manner at phase delay and phase advance time points. This inhibition was not affected by previous systemic application of either the selective 5HT(1A) receptor antagonist (+)WAY 100135 or by the 5HT(2) receptor antagonist mesulergine, whereas pretreatment with the nonselective 5HT(1) antagonist methiothepin significantly attenuated the effect of TFMPP. TFMPP also produced a dose-dependent reduction in light-stimulated Fos expression in the SCN, although a small subset of cells in the dorsolateral aspect of the caudal SCN were TFMPP-insensitive. TFMPP (1 mM) infused into the SCN produced complete inhibition of light-induced phase advances. Finally, bilateral orbital enucleation reduced the density of SCN 5HT(1B) receptors as determined using [I-125]-iodocyanopindolol to define 5HT(1B) binding sites. These results are consistent with the interpretation that 5HT(1B) receptors are localized presynaptically on retinal terminals in the SCN and that activation of these receptors by 5HT(1B) agonists inhibits retinohypothalamic input. C1 ARMSTRONG LAB,BIOL RHYTHMS & INTEGRAT NEUROSCI INST,BROOKS AFB,TX 78235. UNIV PENN,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT PHARMACOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78229. NR 96 TC 100 Z9 105 U1 0 U2 3 PU SOC NEUROSCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 11 DUPONT CIRCLE, NW, STE 500, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0270-6474 J9 J NEUROSCI JI J. Neurosci. PD DEC 15 PY 1996 VL 16 IS 24 BP 8208 EP 8220 PG 13 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA VW945 UT WOS:A1996VW94500039 PM 8987845 ER PT J AU Voevodin, AA Yerokhin, AL Lyubimov, VV Donley, MS Zabinski, JS AF Voevodin, AA Yerokhin, AL Lyubimov, VV Donley, MS Zabinski, JS TI Characterization of wear protective Al-Si-O coatings formed on Al-based alloys by micro-arc discharge treatment SO SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 23rd International Conference on Metallurgical Coatings and Thin Films CY APR 22-26, 1996 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Amer Vacuum Soc, Vacuum Met & Thin Films Div DE ceramic coating; micro-arc; friction; wear AB The wear life of components manufactured from Al-based alloys can be drastically increased by the application of ceramic coatings. However, coatings deposited by conventional methods such as vacuum deposition or plasma spray have either insufficient adhesion to Al-based materials or the deposition process causes the component to overheat. A recently developed micro-are discharge oxidizing (MDO) technique allows for the formation 100-200 mu m thick Al-Si-O coating on the surface of Al alloys. A composite Al2O3-SiO2 coating is formed at room temperature as a result of a reactive process between Al in the alloy itself and 0 and Si supplied by an electrolyte. Al-Si-O coatings were investigated with XPS, Vickers and nanoindentation hardness tests, ball-on-disk, and block-on-ring friction and wear tests. Coatings were found to consist of at least two phases: a hard Al2O3 phase and a softer aluminasilicate phase. A maximum hardness of 17 GPa was found for coatings with highest content of Al2O3 phase. The tribological properties of Al-Si-O coatings with different composition are discussed. The lowest friction coefficient was found for the Al0.26Si0.08O0.66 coating and was measured around 0.15-0.25 depending on the test environment. The application of this coating decreased the wear rate of components fabricated from an Al-based alloy by several orders of magnitude and permitted operation of coated friction pairs at 1 GPa contact load. C1 TULA STATE UNIV,LAB ELECTROPHYS & ELECTROCHEM TREATMENT,TULA 300600,RUSSIA. RP Voevodin, AA (reprint author), WRIGHT LAB,MAT DIRECTORATE,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. RI Voevodin, Andrey/I-6684-2013; Timofeeva, Marina/P-3391-2014; Lyubimov, Victor/L-4050-2016 OI Lyubimov, Victor/0000-0003-4746-5262 NR 15 TC 132 Z9 154 U1 6 U2 34 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0257-8972 J9 SURF COAT TECH JI Surf. Coat. Technol. PD DEC 15 PY 1996 VL 86-7 IS 1-3 BP 516 EP 521 DI 10.1016/S0257-8972(96)03069-1 PN 2 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA WC006 UT WOS:A1996WC00600011 ER PT J AU Kolesar, ES Bright, VM Sowders, DM AF Kolesar, ES Bright, VM Sowders, DM TI Optical reflectance reduction of textured silicon surfaces coated with an antireflective thin film SO THIN SOLID FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 23rd International Conference on Metallurgical Coatings and Thin Films CY APR 22-26, 1996 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Amer Vacuum Soc, Vacuum Met & Thin Films Div DE optical reflectance; silicon micromachining; porous silicon; chemical etching ID POROUS SILICON; HYDRAZINE AB Solar cells and optical detection devices often incorporate surface texturing and antireflective (AR) thin films to reduce reflection and enhance optical absorption. Using micromachining techniques, three different silicon surfaces were fabricated, optically characterized, and analyzed relative to their ability to reduce optical reflectance. The fabricated surfaces consisted of: randomly sized and spaced pyramids (RSSPs), deep vertical-wall grooves (DVWGs), and porous silicon (PS). Three regions of the optical spectrum were investigated: visible (500 less than or equal to lambda less than or equal to 900 nm), near-infrared (1.25 less than or equal to lambda less than or equal to 2.5 mu m), and mid-infrared (2.5 less than or equal to lambda less than or equal to 12.5 mu m). A highly-polished, single-crystal silicon wafer was used as a reference surface. The RSSP surface reduced the reflectance by more than 69% across the entire measured spectrum. The DVWG surface reduced the reflectance by 85% in the visible region, 34% in the near-infrared range, and 14% over the mid-infrared wavelengths. ''Thin'' (pore depths less than 1 mu m) and ''thick'' (pore depths greater than 5 mu m) PS surfaces were investigated. The ''thick'' PS surfaces manifested a 91% reflectance reduction in the visible region, a 7% reduction in the near-infrared range, and a 53% reduction over the mid-infrared wavelengths. To further enhance the optical reflectance properties of the textured silicon surfaces in the mid-infrared region, a 1.53 +/- 0.03 mu m thick yttrium oxide AR thin film was deposited on the textured and reference samples. The AR-coated RSSP sample manifested the most significant improvement compared to the AR-coated silicon reference sample. Specifically, the reference sample manifested R(ave) = 0.277 with R(sigma) = 0.04, and the RSSP sample yielded R(ave) = 0.024 with R(sigma) = 0.017. C1 USAF, INST TECHNOL, DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN, WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Kolesar, ES (reprint author), TEXAS CHRISTIAN UNIV, DEPT ENGN, 2800 S UNIV DR, FT WORTH, TX 76129 USA. NR 15 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0040-6090 J9 THIN SOLID FILMS JI Thin Solid Films PD DEC 15 PY 1996 VL 290 BP 23 EP 29 DI 10.1016/S0040-6090(96)09064-5 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA WB819 UT WOS:A1996WB81900007 ER PT J AU Song, QW Wang, XM Bussjager, R AF Song, QW Wang, XM Bussjager, R TI High-efficiency electro-optic grating switch with improved performance SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article DE lead lanthanum zirconate titanate ceramic; electro-optic grating; micro-optics; optical-shutter light switch ID PLZT; LENS; MODULATOR; CERAMICS; SHUTTER AB We present a high-diffraction-efficiency electro-optic grating switch based on a lanthanum-modified lead zirconate titanate ceramic wafer. By the employment of narrow contour-shaped metal electrodes instead of the commonly used indium tin oxide interdigital electrodes, this grating has the advantages of a low intrinsic-diffraction loss, high zero-order light on-off ratio, and fast time response. The zero-order light can be turned off with a voltage of 160 V. (C) 1996 Optical Society of America C1 USAF,PHOTON CTR,ROME LAB,GRIFFISS AFB,NY 13441. RP Song, QW (reprint author), SYRACUSE UNIV,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,SYRACUSE,NY 13244, USA. NR 22 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-6935 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD DEC 10 PY 1996 VL 35 IS 35 BP 7031 EP 7036 DI 10.1364/AO.35.007031 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA VW018 UT WOS:A1996VW01800023 PM 21151305 ER PT J AU Calfas, RS Weeks, DE AF Calfas, RS Weeks, DE TI A new application of absorbing boundary conditions for computing collinear quantum reactive scattering elements SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DEPENDENT SCHRODINGER-EQUATION; DELVES RADIAL COORDINATE; S-MATRIX PROPAGATION; FORMULATION; SURFACE; H-3 AB Scattering matrix (S-matrix) elements are calculated using absorbing boundary conditions (ABC) together with the channel packet method (CPM). Using the CPM, we compute a time dependent correlation function between reactant and product Moller states. As the Moller states evolve in time, they will be attenuated by the ABC which are placed outside the interaction region of the potential. This permits the use of a smaller grid and leads to an order of magnitude improvement in the time required to calculate the correlation function for the H + H-2 reaction. The resulting S-matrix elements are in excellent agreement with previous calculations. RP Calfas, RS (reprint author), USAF,INST TECHNOL,DEPT ENGN PHYS,2950 P ST,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD DEC 6 PY 1996 VL 263 IS 1-2 BP 292 EP 296 DI 10.1016/S0009-2614(96)01205-5 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA VW244 UT WOS:A1996VW24400046 ER PT J AU Lewis, JB Morse, JW Eyolfson, MF Schwartz, SL AF Lewis, JB Morse, JW Eyolfson, MF Schwartz, SL TI Spontaneous rupture of a vesicourachal diverticulum manifesting as acute abdominal pain SO ACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE urachal diverticulum; urachus; urachal anomalies; bladder; bladder anomalies; acute abdomen; abdominal pain ID URACHAL REMNANTS AB Urachal abnormalities are rare clinical entities. This article reports a case of a spontaneously ruptured vesicourachal diverticulum manifesting as acute abdominal pain in a healthy 38-year-old man. The embryology, clinical diagnosis, and management of urachal abnormalities ale discussed. Emergency physicians should include this clinical entity in their differential diagnosis of patients who develop acute abdominal pain in the absence of trauma, especially when the pain immediately follows a maneuver that increases intra-abdominal pressure. C1 ST LUKES HOSP,EMERGENCY MED RESIDENCY LEHIGH VALLEY,BETHLEHEM,PA 18015. 60TH MED GRP,DEPT UROL,TRAVIS AFB,CA. 60TH MED GRP,DEPT EMERGENCY MED,TRAVIS AFB,CA. NR 13 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU HANLEY & BELFUS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 210 S 13TH ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19107 SN 1069-6563 J9 ACAD EMERG MED JI Acad. Emerg. Med. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 3 IS 12 BP 1140 EP 1143 DI 10.1111/j.1553-2712.1996.tb03375.x PG 4 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA VX025 UT WOS:A1996VX02500014 PM 8959170 ER PT J AU Parthasarathy, TA Hay, RS AF Parthasarathy, TA Hay, RS TI Effect of yttria concentration on low strain rate flow stress of cubic zirconia single crystals SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article ID TEMPERATURE PLASTIC-DEFORMATION; Y2O3-STABILIZED ZRO2; STABILIZED ZIRCONIA; CREEP; 700-DEGREES-C AB The effects of Y2O3 solute concentration, strain rate, and temperature on solid-solution strengthening in single crystal yttria-stabilized cubic zirconia was investigated. Previous work was extended by studying the flow behaviour at strain rates from 1.5 x 10(-5) s(-1) to 8 x 10(-8) s(-1) at 1200, 1300 and 1400 degrees C in the harder <001> orientation. Solute hardening in this system is sensitive to strain rate down to 8 x 10(-8) s(-1), but at 1400 degrees C there was no difference in flow stress between a 9.4 mol% alloy and 21 mol% alloy at a strain rate of 8 x 10(-8) s(-1). The results were explained by the solute drag model. Copyright (C) 1996 Acta Metallurgica Inc. C1 USAF,WRIGHT LAB,MAT DIRECTORATE,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. RP Parthasarathy, TA (reprint author), UNIVERSAL ENERGY SYST INC,DAYTON,OH 45432, USA. RI Parthasarathy, Triplicane/B-7146-2011 OI Parthasarathy, Triplicane/0000-0002-5449-9754 NR 35 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 44 IS 12 BP 4663 EP 4676 DI 10.1016/S1359-6454(96)00123-1 PG 14 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA VV537 UT WOS:A1996VV53700002 ER PT J AU Bowersox, RDW Buter, TA AF Bowersox, RDW Buter, TA TI Turbulence measurements in a Mach 2.9 boundary layer including mild pressure gradients SO AIAA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID COMPRESSIBLE TURBULENCE; DILATATION-DISSIPATION; MIXING LAYERS AB Mass-weighted-time, or Favre-averaged, turbulence measurements were acquired in a Mach 2.9 air boundary layer for three pressure gradient cases. Curved walls were used to produce the pressure gradient and streamline curvature effects. The boundary layers along a curved wall expansion (beta approximate to - 0.5 and Re-theta = 14.5 x 10(3)), the expansion region (beta approximate to - 1.2 and Re-theta = 11.5 x 10(3)) following an initial compression (beta approximate to 1.0), and a nominally zero pressure gradient (Re-theta = 10.9 x 10(3)) were investigated. Laser Doppler velocimetry and cross-film anemometry were used to acquire direct and detailed surveys of the Reynolds shear stress (<(rho u'v')over bar>) and the mean transverse Favre velocity fluctuation ((v(u)) over bar). Velocity profiles were also acquired. The magnitude and distribution of the turbulent shear stress was found to be strongly affected by the pressure gradients. When compared with the zero pressure gradient results, the favorable pressure gradient was observed to significantly reduce the shear stress magnitude (50-100% across the boundary layer), which was consistent with the reported stabilizing effect of the expansion wave on the turbulent flow structure. The effects of the ''combined'' pressure gradient an the shear stress profile was not as pronounced (nominal 20% increase). In both cases, the overall magnitude of the (v(u)) over bar component was dramatically increased: a nominal increase of 170% for the favorable pressure gradient and 300% for the combined flow. RP Bowersox, RDW (reprint author), USAF,INST TECHNOL,DEPT AERONAUT & ASTRONAUT,GRAD SCH ENGN,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. NR 29 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0001-1452 J9 AIAA J JI AIAA J. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 34 IS 12 BP 2479 EP 2483 DI 10.2514/3.13427 PG 5 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA VW746 UT WOS:A1996VW74600003 ER PT J AU Kimmel, RL Demetriades, A Donaldson, JC AF Kimmel, RL Demetriades, A Donaldson, JC TI Space-time correlation measurements in a hypersonic transitional boundary layer SO AIAA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID FILM ANEMOMETERS; FLOWS AB An experimental investigation of the spatial structure of second-made instability waves was carried out in the boundary layer of a 7-deg half-angle, sharp-nosed cone at an edge Mach number of 6.8. Measurements were made at Reynolds numbers of 2.3 x 10(6) to 9.1 x 10(6) based on boundary edge conditions, spanning the range from unstable laminar how to nearly turbulent how Simultaneous measurements with tao hot-him probes in the boundary layer comprise the primary data set. The mean boundary layer state arts measured with pitot and total temperature surreys. Correlations were taken with circumferential, streamwise, and vertical probe separations. Preliminary results show that the second-mode waves preceding transition are relatively limited in their circumferential dimension, typically less than four boundary-layer thicknesses, based on a coherence level of 20%. Streamwise convection velocities for the second mode are between 95 and 100% of the edge velocity and wavelengths are approximately two boundary-layer thicknesses, En agreement with stability theory, The second-made waves retain their identity well into the transition process. Structure angle measurements in the transitional boundary layer reveal that the second-mode waves me more highly inclined toward the wall than coherent structures typically observed in turbulent boundary layers. C1 MONTANA STATE UNIV,DEPT MECH ENGN,BOZEMAN,MT 59717. MICROCRAFT TECHNOL ARNOLD ENGN DEV CTR,AEROSP SYST FACIL,ARNOLD AFB,TN 37389. RP Kimmel, RL (reprint author), USAF,WRIGHT LAB,FIMA,2645 5TH ST,SUITE 7,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. NR 27 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0001-1452 J9 AIAA J JI AIAA J. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 34 IS 12 BP 2484 EP 2489 DI 10.2514/3.13428 PG 6 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA VW746 UT WOS:A1996VW74600004 ER PT J AU Raouf, RA Palazotto, AN AF Raouf, RA Palazotto, AN TI Nonlinear analysis of pressurized spinning fiber-reinforced tori SO AIAA JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB The symbolic manipulator Mathematica is used to implement a procedure combining the theory of elasticity, differential geometry, calculus of variations, and variational techniques to derive and solve a set of equations that approximates the nonlinear steady-state response of pressurized spinning toroidal shells. The nonlinearity is geometric and the torus is fiber reinforced along its major direction. The resulting set of nonlinear equations is solved for various values of the applied pressure, fiber content, and spinning speeds. Qualitative results are obtained and linear results are compared and contrasted to nonlinear results. C1 USAF,INST TECHNOL,DEPT AERONAUT & ASTRONAUT,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. RP Raouf, RA (reprint author), USN ACAD,DEPT MECH ENGN,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402, USA. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0001-1452 J9 AIAA J JI AIAA J. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 34 IS 12 BP 2596 EP 2603 DI 10.2514/3.13444 PG 8 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA VW746 UT WOS:A1996VW74600020 ER PT J AU Tyler, C AF Tyler, C TI Development of a Rayleigh scattering measurement system for hypersonic wind tunnel applications SO AIAA JOURNAL LA English DT Article RP Tyler, C (reprint author), USAF,WRIGHT LAB,FLIGHT DYNAM DIRECTORATE,AEROMECH DIV,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0001-1452 J9 AIAA J JI AIAA J. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 34 IS 12 BP 2635 EP 2637 DI 10.2514/3.13452 PG 3 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA VW746 UT WOS:A1996VW74600028 ER PT J AU Whiteneck, DJ AF Whiteneck, DJ TI Beyond Westphalia? State sovereignty and international intervention - Lyons,GM, Mastanduno,M SO AMERICAN POLITICAL SCIENCE REVIEW LA English DT Book Review RP Whiteneck, DJ (reprint author), USAF ACAD,COLORADO SPRINGS,CO 80840, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER POLITICAL SCI ASSN PI WASHINGTON PA 1527 NEW HAMPSHIRE N W, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-0554 J9 AM POLIT SCI REV JI Am. Polit. Sci. Rev. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 90 IS 4 BP 956 EP 957 DI 10.2307/2945924 PG 2 WC Political Science SC Government & Law GA VV281 UT WOS:A1996VV28100104 ER PT J AU McCarrick, CW Ohmer, DT Gilliland, LA Edwards, PA Mayfield, HT AF McCarrick, CW Ohmer, DT Gilliland, LA Edwards, PA Mayfield, HT TI Fuel identification by neural network analysis of the response of vapor-sensitive sensor arrays SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PATTERN-RECOGNITION ANALYSIS AB Neural network analysis of the response of an array of vapor-sensitive detectors has been used to identify sbr different types of aviation fuel. The data set included 96 samples of JP-4, JP-5, JP-7, JP-8, JetA, and aviation gasoline (AvGas). A sample of each neat fuel was injected into a continuous stream of breathing air through an injection port from a gas chromatograph. The aspirated sample was then swept from the injection port to the chamber without separation. In the chamber, the sample was exposed to an array of eight vapor-sensitive detectors. The analog output of each detector was digitized and stored while the sample was swept into and through the chamber. The response of each detector was then averaged and stored as the final response or pattern of each sample. It was clear from a visual inspection of each of the radar plots that there was a characteristic pattern in the response of the array to five of the sbr different fuel types. This was confirmed using neural network analysis to study the entire data set. A two-step procedure was developed to separate the patterns of all six fuel types into their respective classes. In the first step, fuels were separated into one of five groups: JP-4, JP-5, JP-7, AvGas, or a combined JP-8/JetA group. In the second step, the fuels in the combined group were separated into either JP-8 or JetA groups. C1 EDINBORO UNIV PENN,DEPT CHEM,EDINBORO,PA 16444. ARMSTRONG LAB,ENVIRON DIRECTORATE,TYNDALL AFB,FL 32403. NR 19 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD DEC 1 PY 1996 VL 68 IS 23 BP 4264 EP 4269 DI 10.1021/ac9603892 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA VV333 UT WOS:A1996VV33300035 PM 8946795 ER PT J AU Brown, TM AF Brown, TM TI Serotonin syndrome associated with combined sertraline-amitriptyline treatment: Reply SO ANNALS OF PHARMACOTHERAPY LA English DT Letter RP Brown, TM (reprint author), USAF,CONSULTAT LIAISON SERV,81 MED OPS SGPHID,DEPT PSYCHIAT,KEESLER AFB,MS 39553, USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU HARVEY WHITNEY BOOKS CO PI CINCINNATI PA PO BOX 42696, CINCINNATI, OH 45242 SN 1060-0280 J9 ANN PHARMACOTHER JI Ann. Pharmacother. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 30 IS 12 BP 1500 EP 1500 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA VX904 UT WOS:A1996VX90400028 ER PT J AU Wakin, MM AF Wakin, MM TI The Holocaust and strategic bombing: Genocide and total war in the 20th century - Markusen,E, Kopf,D SO ARMED FORCES & SOCIETY LA English DT Book Review RP Wakin, MM (reprint author), USAF ACAD,DEPT PHILOSOPHY & FINE ARTS,COLORADO SPRINGS,CO 80904, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TRANSACTION PERIOD CONSORTIUM PI NEW BRUNSWICK PA DEPT 3091 RUTGERS-THE STATE UNIV OF NJ, NEW BRUNSWICK, NJ 08903 SN 0095-327X J9 ARMED FORCES SOC JI Armed Forces Soc. PD WIN PY 1996 VL 23 IS 2 BP 299 EP 301 DI 10.1177/0095327X9602300211 PG 3 WC Political Science; Sociology SC Government & Law; Sociology GA WK860 UT WOS:A1996WK86000010 ER PT J AU Egan, MP Price, SD AF Egan, MP Price, SD TI The MSX Infrared Astrometric Catalog SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID MIDCOURSE SPACE EXPERIMENT; NORMAL STARS; COLORS AB The MSX Infrared Astrometric Catalog has been constructed as a tool for improving the pointing accuracy of infrared observations. The catalog contains 177,860 astrometric stars, 61,242 which have been identified with their infrared counterparts from IRAS catalogs and the Catalog of Infrared Observations through position and color matching. Infrared flux densities are predicted for 6 wavelength bands between 4 and 22 mu m. The catalog identifications are complete to within the spatial coverage of current surveys for those astrometric stars brightest in the infrared. By predicting fluxes of astrometric stars without IR identifications we are able to extend the catalog to areas of the sky which were incomplete in the IRAS catalogs. Furthermore, by retaining stars below the brightness limit of current surveys we are able to provide better spatial coverage to help point or position the next generation of infrared telescopes. (C) 1996 American Astronomical Society. RP Egan, MP (reprint author), USAF,PHILLIPS LAB,GPOB,29 RANDOLPH RD,BEDFORD,MA 01731, USA. NR 25 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 112 IS 6 BP 2862 EP 2871 DI 10.1086/118227 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VX174 UT WOS:A1996VX17400038 ER PT J AU Grayson, JK Lyons, TJ AF Grayson, JK Lyons, TJ TI Brain cancer, flying, and socioeconomic status: A nested case-control study of USAF aircrew SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID DESCRIPTIVE EPIDEMIOLOGY; CRANIAL MENINGES; NEW-ZEALAND; MORTALITY; NERVES AB We compared the brain cancer risk of male United States Air Force (USAF) aircrew (37 cases) with nonflying Air Force personnel (193 cases) between 1970 and 1989. Methods: Incident brain cancer cases for both aviators and nonflying USAF personnel were obtained from USAF hospitalization records. Age, race, and calendar time matched controls were randomly selected for each case from the remaining USAF cohort. We estimated brain cancer risks using conditional logistic regression models. Results: Initially, we observed a statistically significant brain cancer excess for USAF aircrew compared to nonflying USAF personnel (Odds Ratio [OR] = 1.77, 95% Confidence Interval [95% CI] 1.17-2.68). However, following adjustment for senior military rank, a socioeconomic status indicator, the USAF aircrew brain cancer risk was markedly reduced (OR = 1.22, 95% CI 0.76-1.95), demonstrating that much of the previously observed USAF aircrew brain cancer risk was attributable to factors other than flying. Conclusion: The results of this investigation indicate that flying is not an important brain cancer risk factor, at least for USAF aircrew. The positive relationships observed in other studies between commercial aircrew and brain cancer risk may have been confounded by social class differentials. RP Grayson, JK (reprint author), ARMSTRONG LAB,AOES,AEROSP MED DIRECTORATE,2601 W GATE RD,SUITE 114,BROOKS AFB,TX 78235, USA. NR 10 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 67 IS 12 BP 1152 EP 1154 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA VX623 UT WOS:A1996VX62300007 PM 8968480 ER PT J AU Ryles, MT PerezBecerra, JL AF Ryles, MT PerezBecerra, JL TI The effect of positive pressure breathing for altitude protection on intraocular pressure SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID MECHANICAL VENTILATION; TONO-PEN AB Background: The effect of positive pressure breathing for altitude protection (PEA) on intraocular pressure was studied; the behavior of intraocular pressure both during and after PEA exposure was of particular interest. Methods: Seven subjects were exposed to PEA of up to 60 mmHg at ground-level. The subjects were seated, and wore an aircrew helmet (HGU-55/P), ore-facial mask (MBU-20/P), thoracic counterpressure garment (CSU-17/P) and an extended coverage G-suit (ATAGS). Before, during and after each exposure, intraocular pressure was measured using a Tone-Pen XL(TM) applanation tonometer. Results: All 7 subjects completed 10 min of PBA at breathing pressures of 30 and 40 mmHg, and 6 subjects completed 10 min at 50 and 60 mmHg. Mean and SEM increases in intraocular pressure, as compared to pre-exposure baseline measurements, were 7.7 +/- 0.6 mmHg at a breathing pressure of 30 mmHg, 12.0 +/- 0.9 mmHg at 40 mmHg, 18.4 +/- 1.3 mmHg at 50 mmHg and 20.0 +/- 0.6 mmHg at 60 mmHg. The difference between each of these increases was significant (p < 0.05), with the exception of that between 50 and 60 mmHg PEA. Conclusions: Intraocular pressure increases as breathing pressure increases. It is likely that this change in intraocular pressure would provide some protection to the retinal vasculature during PEA. In addition, it is unlikely that the temporary elevation of intraocular pressure following pressure breathing is of medical concern. C1 USAF,MED CTR,ARMSTRONG LAB,CREW SYST DIRECTORATE,CREW TECHNOL DIV,BROOKS AFB,TX. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 67 IS 12 BP 1179 EP 1184 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA VX623 UT WOS:A1996VX62300013 PM 8968486 ER PT J AU Feldkamp, JR Stauffer, TB AF Feldkamp, JR Stauffer, TB TI Partitioning of binary solvents on charged expandable clays SO CLAYS AND CLAY MINERALS LA English DT Article DE clays; isotherms; partitioning; solvents; swelling AB The present paper represents an extension of recent work that considered the partitioning response of binary solvents placed into contact with charged, expandable clays. Previous theoretical work yielded a model of partitioning by performing a thermodynamic analysis, involving the work of polarization, on a binary solvent, treated as a continuum and residing within the interlayer space of a layered aluminosilicate clay. Partitioning, or the tendency for sorbed and bulk phases to have different compositions, was shown to be sensitive to the dielectric properties of the 2 solvents of the binary mixture and to the surface charge density on the clay, among other factors. Although previous experimental work has helped to validate the theory, additional work is reported here that looks at hysteresis effects, the role of the exchangeable cation (usually organic), the prediction of adsorption isotherms and the contribution that partitioning, or sorption, makes to the disjoining pressure that develops in binary solvent systems. In this current study, 3 different organo-clays were considered: Cetyltrimethylammonium (CTMA), Isopropanolammonium (IPA), and Benzylammonium (BA) montmorillonite. Solvent systems under study included: acetone/chloroform (a-c), acetone/quadricyclane (a-q) and acetonitrile/chloroform (an-c). While partitioning of the a-c system on CTMA-clay follows theory quite well, theory tends to over-predict partitioning for the a-q system on the same clay and under-predict partitioning for the an-c system on all clays. Predicted adsorption isotherms range from highly nonlinear to nearly linear. Finally, the delamination and subsequent swelling processes of BA-clay in a water/acetonitrile binary solvent system are very sensitive to composition, a result that is directly linked to the partitioning process. C1 ARMSTRONG LAB,DIV ENVIRONM RES,TYNDALL AFB,FL 32403. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU CLAY MINERALS SOCIETY PI BOULDER PA PO BOX 4416, BOULDER, CO 80306 SN 0009-8604 J9 CLAY CLAY MINER JI Clay Clay Min. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 44 IS 6 BP 727 EP 733 DI 10.1346/CCMN.1996.0440602 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Mineralogy; Soil Science SC Chemistry; Geology; Mineralogy; Agriculture GA WU514 UT WOS:A1996WU51400002 ER PT J AU Yadrick, RM Regian, JW RobertsonSchule, L Gomez, GC AF Yadrick, RM Regian, JW RobertsonSchule, L Gomez, GC TI Interface, instructional approach, and domain learning with a mathematics problem-solving environment SO COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article ID SKILL ACQUISITION; WORKING MEMORY; KNOWLEDGE AB In this paper, we conceptualize computer-based instruction (CBI) as involving both a primary task, learning a particular domain, and several secondary tasks centered around learning to use the instructional approach and manipulate the interface efficiently. We argue that the complexity and compatibility of the domain, instructional approach, and system interface separately and interactively influence the ease with which students are able to learn the subject matter. Examples show how looking at CBI in this way provides a framework for better understanding the results of some previous studies of CBI and CBI-related interface design. We also describe an experiment that attempted to dissociate the separate effects of these components on domain learning. The experiment examined the pretest-posttest performance differences of remedial subjects who learned to solve mathematics word problems. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd RP Yadrick, RM (reprint author), ARMSTRONG LAB,HRTD,7909 LINDBERGH DR,BROOKS AFB,TX 78235, USA. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0747-5632 J9 COMPUT HUM BEHAV JI Comput. Hum. Behav. PD WIN PY 1996 VL 12 IS 4 BP 527 EP 548 DI 10.1016/S0747-5632(96)00023-4 PG 22 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary; Psychology, Experimental SC Psychology GA VW239 UT WOS:A1996VW23900003 ER PT J AU Yen, GG AF Yen, GG TI Distributive vibration control in flexible multibody dynamics SO COMPUTERS & STRUCTURES LA English DT Article ID SPACECRAFT; EQUATIONS; NETWORKS; MOTION AB A distributive neural control system is advocated for flexible multibody structures. The proposed neural controller is designed to achieve trajectory slewing of a structural member as well as vibration suppression for precision pointing capability. The motivation to support such an innovation is to pursue a real-time implementation of a robust and fault tolerant structural controller. The proposed control architecture which takes advantage of the geometric distribution of piezoceramic sensors and actuators has provided a tremendous freedom from computational complexity. In the spirit of model reference adaptive control, we utilize adaptive time-delay radial basis function networks as a building block to allow the neural network to function as an indirect closed-loop controller. The horizon-of-one predictive controller cooperatively regulates the dynamics of the nonlinear structure to follow the prespecified reference models asymptotically. The proposed control strategy is validated in the experimental facility, called the planar articulating controls experiment which consists of a two-link flexible planar structure constrained to move over a granite table. This paper addresses the theoretical foundation of the architecture and demonstrates its applicability via a realistic structural test bed. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd. RP Yen, GG (reprint author), USAF,PHILLIPS LAB,DIV STRUCT & CONTROL,KIRTLAND AFB,NM 87117, USA. NR 22 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0045-7949 J9 COMPUT STRUCT JI Comput. Struct. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 61 IS 5 BP 957 EP 965 DI 10.1016/0045-7949(96)00026-0 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Civil SC Computer Science; Engineering GA VN443 UT WOS:A1996VN44300015 ER PT J AU MCKENZIE, MA AF MCKENZIE, MA TI BATTLE TACTICS OF THE WESTERN FRONT - GRIFFITH,P SO HISTORIAN LA English DT Book Review RP MCKENZIE, MA (reprint author), USAF ACAD,COLORADO SPRINGS,CO 80840, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PHI ALPHA THETA PI ALLENTOWN PA THE HISTORIAN 50 COLLEGE DR, ALLENTOWN, PA 18104-6100 SN 0018-2370 J9 HISTORIAN JI Historian PD WIN PY 1996 VL 58 IS 2 BP 433 EP 435 PG 3 WC History SC History GA TT962 UT WOS:A1996TT96200055 ER PT J AU Phipps, SP Helms, CA Copland, RJ Rudolph, W Truesdell, KA Hager, GD AF Phipps, SP Helms, CA Copland, RJ Rudolph, W Truesdell, KA Hager, GD TI Mode locking of a CW supersonic chemical oxygen-iodine laser SO IEEE JOURNAL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article ID GAIN MEASUREMENTS AB This paper presents the results of the first mode-locking experiments on a supersonic chemical oxygen-iodine laser (COIL). Mode locking has been achieved using an acoustooptic modulator (AOM) and lasing demonstrated on the TEM(00) modes with a small intracavity aperture. A dc magnetic field was used to increase the number of axial modes and a peak power of 2.5 kW has been reached with a pulse width of 2.1 ns at a repetition rate of 43.68 MHz. RP Phipps, SP (reprint author), USAF,PHILLIPS LAB,LIDB,KIRTLAND AFB,NM 87117, USA. NR 6 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9197 J9 IEEE J QUANTUM ELECT JI IEEE J. Quantum Electron. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 32 IS 12 BP 2045 EP 2050 DI 10.1109/3.544748 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA VW509 UT WOS:A1996VW50900003 ER PT J AU Moore, GT Koch, K AF Moore, GT Koch, K TI The tandem optical parametric oscillator SO IEEE JOURNAL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article ID PERIODICALLY POLED LINBO3; SUM-FREQUENCY GENERATION AB We report the theoretical analysis of a tandem optical parametric oscillator (TOPO) in which the principal OPO generates a signal which pumps a secondary OPO, The signal produced by the principal OPO is resonated in a high-Q cavity containing both nonlinear crystals, This cavity also has low Q for the signal of the secondary OPO, The two OPO's are singly resonant, since neither idler is resonated, We show that the useful output, consisting of the two idlers and the signal of the secondary OPO, can be produced with high efficiency over a large dynamic range in the pump intensity. As an example, we discuss modeling in three space dimensions of a Nd:YAG pumped monolithic TOPO based on periodically poled LiNbO3. This TOPO could generate three infrared wavelengths in high-transmission bands of atmospheric water vapor. C1 USAF,PHILLIPS LAB,NONLINEAR OPT CTR TECHNOL,LIDN,KIRTLAND AFB,NM 87117. RP Moore, GT (reprint author), UNIV NEW MEXICO,CTR ADV STUDIES,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131, USA. NR 23 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 8 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9197 J9 IEEE J QUANTUM ELECT JI IEEE J. Quantum Electron. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 32 IS 12 BP 2085 EP 2094 DI 10.1109/3.544754 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA VW509 UT WOS:A1996VW50900009 ER PT J AU Wright, CHG Barton, JK Protsenko, DE Rylander, HG Welch, AJ AF Wright, CHG Barton, JK Protsenko, DE Rylander, HG Welch, AJ TI Anomalous reflectance of laser-induced retinal lesions SO IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article ID THERMAL ABLATION; FEEDBACK-CONTROL; PHOTOCOAGULATION; TISSUE; COAGULATION AB We investigated anomalies in the reflectance change of retinal lesions resulting from laser photocoagulation, These anomalies deviate from the predicted pattern and could cause misleading postoperative assessment of lesion depth and problems with proposed automated lesion control algorithms. We found that for certain irradiation parameters which produce super-threshold lesions, lesions exhibiting annular reflectance patterns are induced in an albumen eye phantom, The correlation between central reflectance and actual lesion depth thus becomes invalid for these anomalous lesions, Evidence of anomalous lesions in vivo was also found. Assumptions regarding retinal lesion formation must consider annular reflectance patterns, These patterns are produced by vaporization in the albumen eye phantom; vaporization may also play a role in anomalous retinal lesions along with the well known effect of minor retinal hemorrhage. C1 UNIV TEXAS,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,AUSTIN,TX 78712. RP Wright, CHG (reprint author), USAF ACAD,DEPT ELECT ENGN,COLORADO SPRINGS,CO 80840, USA. NR 27 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 1077-260X J9 IEEE J SEL TOP QUANT JI IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 2 IS 4 BP 1035 EP 1040 DI 10.1109/2944.577333 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA XD616 UT WOS:A1996XD61600030 ER PT J AU Mailloux, RJ AF Mailloux, RJ TI Array failure correction with a digitally beamformed array SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION LA English DT Article AB A technique is presented for replacing the signals from failed elements in a digitally beamformed receive array. The technique is shown to be useful in a multiple signal environment and does not impose special restrictions on the correlation properties of the received signals. Experimental data confirm the operation of this algorithm for the case of one signal and one interfering source. The technique is shown to be accurate when the incident signal locations are not precisely known, and even when the signals are distributed over a broad angular region or are only known to be located within a broad angular region. RP Mailloux, RJ (reprint author), USAF,ROME LAB,ELECTROMAGNET & RELIABIL DIRECTORATE,BEDFORD,MA 01731, USA. NR 6 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-926X J9 IEEE T ANTENN PROPAG JI IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 44 IS 12 BP 1543 EP 1550 DI 10.1109/8.546240 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA VX892 UT WOS:A1996VX89200005 ER PT J AU Tsai, R Schuermeyer, F Peatman, WCB Shur, M AF Tsai, R Schuermeyer, F Peatman, WCB Shur, M TI The optoelectronic response of a laterally contacted 2-D MESFET SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES LA English DT Article AB We describe the photoelectric response of a Two-Dimensional Metal-Semiconductor-Field-Effect-Transisor (2-D MESFET) which utilizes laterally contacting gates to the active region, The use of lateral gates allows direct illumination of the conductive channel from the top, Photogains as high as 2.4 x 10(7) have been measured at 0.7 mu m wavelength and 26 mu W/cm(2) optical power intensity, Broad spectral responses from 0.7 mu m to 1.06 mu m are also presented, The new feature of this device is a spectral response which can be tuned by the applied gate bias and also a higher responsivity which is related to the top illumination unimpeded by the top gate. C1 UNIV VIRGINIA, DEPT ELECT ENGN, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903 USA. USAF, WRIGHT LAB, AADD, WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB, OH 45433 USA. ADV DEVICE TECHNOL IN, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903 USA. RI Shur, Michael/A-4374-2016 OI Shur, Michael/0000-0003-0976-6232 NR 8 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9383 EI 1557-9646 J9 IEEE T ELECTRON DEV JI IEEE Trans. Electron Devices PD DEC PY 1996 VL 43 IS 12 BP 2300 EP 2301 DI 10.1109/16.544424 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA VU879 UT WOS:A1996VU87900033 ER PT J AU Akos, DM Tsui, JBY AF Akos, DM Tsui, JBY TI Design and implementation of a direct digitization CPS receiver front end SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 40th Successive Annual IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium/Exhibition - Bridging the Spectrum CY JUN 18-20, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP IEEE MTT Soc AB A direct digitization approach greatly reduces the hardware requirements in traditional front end design, Further, the hardware that has been eliminated is typically the source of a number of potential difficulties including age-based, temperature-based, and/or nonlinear performance, This paper presents a case study on the design and implementation of direct digitization Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver front end, First, sensitivity and dynamic range issues for a generic front end are discussed with particular attention given to the unique requirements in the direct digitization approach, Second, two GPS front end implementations are compared, The first is the direct digitization of the input signal at radio frequency (RF) as is the case in the true digital receiver or software radio, The second uses a more standard approach of downconverting the input signal to an intermediate frequency (IF) for further processing or digitization. Experimental data is presented which characterizes the relative signal-to-noise ratio for both implementations as well as the results of initial acquisition processing of true GPS data. C1 WRIGHT LAB,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45324. RP Akos, DM (reprint author), AVION ENGN CTR,ATHENS,OH 45701, USA. NR 9 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9480 J9 IEEE T MICROW THEORY JI IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 44 IS 12 BP 2334 EP 2339 DI 10.1109/22.554550 PN 2 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA VZ141 UT WOS:A1996VZ14100006 ER PT J AU Watson, PM Gupta, KC AF Watson, PM Gupta, KC TI EM-ANN models for microstrip vias and interconnects in dataset circuits SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 40th Successive Annual IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium/Exhibition - Bridging the Spectrum CY JUN 18-20, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP IEEE MTT Soc ID NEURAL-NETWORK; LINES; HOLE AB A novel approach for accurate and efficient modeling of monolithic microwave/millimeter wave integrated circuit (MMIC) components by using electromagnetically trained artificial neural network (EM-ANN) software modules is presented, Full-wave EM analysis is employed to characterize MMIC components, Structures for simulation are chosen using design of experiments (DOE) methodology. EM-ANN models are then trained using physical parameters as inputs and S-parameters as outputs. Once trained, the EM-ANN models are inserted into a commercial microwave circuit simulator where they provide results approaching the accuracy of the EM simulation tool used for characterization of the MMIC components without increasing the analysis time significantly. The proposed technique is capable of providing simulation models for MMIC components where models do not exist or are not accurate over the desired region of operation, The approach has been verified by developing models for microstrip vias and interconnects in dataset circuits, A new hybrid (as) modeling approach which makes use of existing approximate models for components is introduced and shown to be a more efficient method for developing EM-ANN models, An example of using EM-ANN models to optimize the component geometry is included. C1 UNIV COLORADO,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,BOULDER,CO 80309. WRIGHT LAB,AADI,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH. RP Watson, PM (reprint author), UNIV COLORADO,CTR ADV MFG & PACKAGING MICROWAVE OPT & DIGITAL E,BOULDER,CO 80309, USA. NR 36 TC 150 Z9 154 U1 0 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9480 J9 IEEE T MICROW THEORY JI IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 44 IS 12 BP 2495 EP 2503 DI 10.1109/22.554584 PN 2 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA VZ141 UT WOS:A1996VZ14100028 ER PT J AU Garth, JC Critchfield, KL Turinetti, JR Beutler, DE AF Garth, JC Critchfield, KL Turinetti, JR Beutler, DE TI A comprehensive comparison of CEPXS/ONELD calculations of dose enhancement with the Co-60 data set of Wall and Burke SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 33rd Annual IEEE International Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference CY JUL 15-19, 1996 CL RENAISSANCE ESMERALD CONFERENCE RESORT, INDIAN WELLS, CA SP IEEE NPSS, Def Nucl Agcy, Sandia Natl Labs, Phillips Labs, NASA, Goddard Space Flight Lab, Jet Prop Lab HO RENAISSANCE ESMERALD CONFERENCE RESORT ID DEVICE STRUCTURES; ONETRAN AB CEPXS/ONELD code predictions of dose enhancement in a I-D geometry were examined. Relative dose calculations at Co-60 energies were compared with ionization chamber data of Wall and Burke for 54 different cases. Excellent agreement was found. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP Garth, JC (reprint author), USAF,PHILLIPS LAB,KIRTLAND AFB,NM 87117, USA. NR 19 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 43 IS 6 BP 2731 EP 2741 DI 10.1109/23.556860 PN 1 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WC903 UT WOS:A1996WC90300032 ER PT J AU Frederickson, AR AF Frederickson, AR TI Method for estimating spontaneous pulse rate for insulators inside spacecraft SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 33rd Annual IEEE International Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference CY JUL 15-19, 1996 CL RENAISSANCE ESMERALD CONFERENCE RESORT, INDIAN WELLS, CA SP IEEE NPSS, Def Nucl Agcy, Sandia Natl Labs, Phillips Labs, NASA, Goddard Space Flight Lab, Jet Prop Lab HO RENAISSANCE ESMERALD CONFERENCE RESORT ID DISCHARGE PULSES; CRRES AB High energy electrons that penetrate the thin surface materials on spacecraft can be stopped in insulated materials inside spacecraft and thereby generate spacecharge-caused electric fields and high voltages inside the spacecraft. The fields are large enough to induce spontaneous pulsing by insulating materials. Realistic estimates of pulse rates are currently lacking. The frequency of electrostatic discharge pulsing can be estimated by extrapolating the pulse rate measured for insulators on the CRRES spacecraft. The extrapolation is based upon CRRES data which show that: 1) The pulse rate scales with high energy electron flux, and with the area and type of insulator. 2) Samples must be soaked in vacuum for at least six months before being tested so that the results are not biased by species such as water and free radicals that eventually outgas. 3) Insulators containing many large imperfections such as the glass fibers in epoxy fiberglass circuit boards produce the most frequent pulsing. 4) Some insulators pulse only rarely. 5) We have not yet determined a high energy electron flux below which no pulsing occurs. RP Frederickson, AR (reprint author), USAF,PHILLIPS LAB,HANSCOM AFB,MA 01731, USA. NR 13 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 43 IS 6 BP 2778 EP 2782 DI 10.1109/23.556866 PN 1 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WC903 UT WOS:A1996WC90300038 ER PT J AU Lee, CI Johnston, AH Tang, WC Barnes, CE Lyke, J AF Lee, CI Johnston, AH Tang, WC Barnes, CE Lyke, J TI Total dose effects on microelectromechanical systems (MEMS): Accelerometers SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 33rd Annual IEEE International Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference CY JUL 15-19, 1996 CL RENAISSANCE ESMERALD CONFERENCE RESORT, INDIAN WELLS, CA SP IEEE NPSS, Def Nucl Agcy, Sandia Natl Labs, Phillips Labs, NASA, Goddard Space Flight Lab, Jet Prop Lab HO RENAISSANCE ESMERALD CONFERENCE RESORT AB Microelectromechanical sensors, ADXL50 and XMMAS40G accelerometers which are fabricated with surface micromachining techniques are characterized for their total dose radiation response. Different failure mechanisms were observed when the sensor element or the whole device was irradiated. C1 USAF,PHILLIPS LAB,KIRTLAND AFB,NM 87117. RP Lee, CI (reprint author), CALTECH,JET PROP LAB,4800 OAK GROVE DR,PASADENA,CA, USA. NR 6 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 2 U2 7 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 43 IS 6 BP 3127 EP 3132 DI 10.1109/23.556915 PN 1 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WC903 UT WOS:A1996WC90300087 ER PT J AU Zhu, H Chang, CS Rish, JW AF Zhu, H Chang, CS Rish, JW TI Normal and tangential compliance for conforming binder contact .1. Elastic binder SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES LA English DT Article AB This article engages the studies of normal and tangential conforming contact compliance for a system of two elastic particles bonded by a layer of elastic binder in between. The governing equation of this problem is a Fredholm integral equation of the second kind with singularities of logarithmic type. The exact solution for the unknown interfacial pressure between particle and binder is difficult to obtain. Derivations of compliance are presented in the forms of the upper and lower bounds, and of the best estimate based on physical approximations. The results show that the derived elastic compliances agree favorably with those of discretized exact solutions' obtained from numerical methods. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 UNIV MASSACHUSETTS,DEPT CIVIL & ENVIRONM ENGN,AMHERST,MA 01003. WRIGHT LAB,PAVEMENTS & FACILITEIS SECT,TYNDALL AFB,FL 32403. RP Zhu, H (reprint author), APPL RES ASSOCIATES INC,TYNDALL AFB,FL 32403, USA. NR 12 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0020-7683 J9 INT J SOLIDS STRUCT JI Int. J. Solids Struct. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 33 IS 29 BP 4337 EP 4349 DI 10.1016/0020-7683(95)00238-3 PG 13 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA VN073 UT WOS:A1996VN07300006 ER PT J AU Zhu, H Chang, CS Rish, JW AF Zhu, H Chang, CS Rish, JW TI Normal and tangential compliance for conforming binder contact .2. Visco-elastic binder SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES LA English DT Article AB This article extends the previously derived elastic solutions to visco-elastic solutions of normal and tangential compliances for a system comprised of two elastic particles bonded by a thin layer of visco-elastic binder. Rate dependent compliances are derived for both Maxwell and Voigt visco-elastic binders. Similar to the elastic particle-binder system, the time-dependent governing equation of this problem is also a Fredholm integral equation of the second kind. We employ the monotonical property of the kernel function to obtain the upper and lower bounds for the rate-dependent compliance relationship. Guided from the upper and lower bound solutions, we derive the best estimated solution based on physically consistent approximations. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 UNIV MASSACHUSETTS, DEPT CIVIL & ENVIRONM ENGN, AMHERST, MA 01003 USA. WRIGHT LAB, PAVEMENTS & FACILITIES SECT, TYNDALL AFB, FL 32403 USA. RP APPL RES ASSOCIATES INC, TYNDALL AFB, FL 32403 USA. NR 12 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0020-7683 EI 1879-2146 J9 INT J SOLIDS STRUCT JI Int. J. Solids Struct. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 33 IS 29 BP 4351 EP 4363 DI 10.1016/0020-7683(95)00239-1 PG 13 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA VN073 UT WOS:A1996VN07300007 ER PT J AU Reitman, JS AF Reitman, JS TI The dilemma of ''medical futility'' - A ''wisdom model'' for decisionmaking SO ISSUES IN LAW & MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID LIFE-SUSTAINING TREATMENT; QUALITY-OF-LIFE; ADVANCE DIRECTIVES; CARDIOPULMONARY-RESUSCITATION; SUBSTITUTED JUDGMENT; BABY-K; ETHICS CONSULTATION; SETTING LIMITS; INTENSIVE-CARE; DYING PATIENTS RP Reitman, JS (reprint author), WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,ETH CONSULTAT SERV,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236, USA. NR 172 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ISSUES LAW & MEDICINE PI TERRE HAUTE PA PO BOX 1586, TERRE HAUTE, IN 47808-1586 SN 8756-8160 J9 ISSUES LAW MED JI Issues Law Med. PD WIN PY 1996 VL 12 IS 3 BP 231 EP 264 PG 34 WC Law SC Government & Law GA WE872 UT WOS:A1996WE87200003 PM 9029841 ER PT J AU Venkatasubramanian, R Gorantla, S Muthuvenkatraman, S Dorsey, DL AF Venkatasubramanian, R Gorantla, S Muthuvenkatraman, S Dorsey, DL TI A stochastic model for crystal-amorphous transition in low temperature molecular beam epitaxial Si(111) SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SI; HOMOEPITAXY; SI(100); GROWTH AB Molecular beam epitaxial Si (111) grown below a certain temperature result in amorphous structure due to the limited surface mobility of atoms in finding correct epitaxial sites. In spite of many experimental and theoretical studies, the mechanism of crystal-amorphous transition and its dynamics related to the growth conditions are not well understood. In this article, we present a theoretical model based on the formation of stacking fault like defects as a precursor to the amorphous transition of the layer. The model is simulated based on a stochastic model approach and the results are compared to that of experiments for temperatures in the range of 500-900 K and growth rate in the range of 0.1-3.0 Angstrom/s. The agreement between our results and experimental observations is excellent. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 WRIGHT LAB,MLPO,WL,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. RP Venkatasubramanian, R (reprint author), UNIV NEVADA,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,LAS VEGAS,NV 89154, USA. NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD DEC 1 PY 1996 VL 80 IS 11 BP 6219 EP 6222 DI 10.1063/1.363698 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA VV267 UT WOS:A1996VV26700021 ER PT J AU Zhang, X Kung, P Saxler, A Walker, D Razeghi, M AF Zhang, X Kung, P Saxler, A Walker, D Razeghi, M TI Observation of room temperature surface-emitting stimulated emission from GaN:Ge by optical pumping SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID NEAR-ULTRAVIOLET; SAPPHIRE; FILM; GAAS AB Optically pumped surface-emitting stimulated emission at room temperature was observed from GaN:Ge grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. The sample was optically pumped perpendicularly on the top surface while the stimulated emission was collected from the back colinearly with the pump beam. The cavity was formed by the GaN/air and GaN/sapphire interfaces without any other structure. The stimulated emission was gain guided by the pump beam. The threshold optical pump density for stimulated emission was approximately 2.8 MW/cm(2) and the Linewidth was 2.5 nm. The emission from GaN:Ge showed a redshift as the pump density increased. The comparison between theoretical calculations and experimental results suggested that many-body interactions can account well for the redshift. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 USAF,WRIGHT LAB,MAT DIRECTORATE,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. RP Zhang, X (reprint author), NORTHWESTERN UNIV,DEPT ELECT ENGN & COMP SCI,CTR QUANTUM DEVICES,EVANSTON,IL 60208, USA. RI Razeghi, Manijeh/B-7265-2009 NR 24 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD DEC 1 PY 1996 VL 80 IS 11 BP 6544 EP 6546 DI 10.1063/1.363674 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA VV267 UT WOS:A1996VV26700068 ER PT J AU Smith, SR Evwaraye, AO Mitchel, WC AF Smith, SR Evwaraye, AO Mitchel, WC TI Temperature dependence of the barrier height of metal-semiconductor contacts on 6H-SiC - Reply SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article AB We reply to the comment by Frojdh and Petersson concerning the measurements of the barrier heights of Schottky diodes on 6H-SiC. We present the argument that the temperature range over which Frojdh and Petersson present data does not allow accurate comparison with our results. The problem of interaction of deep levels in the capacitance-voltage measurements is refuted by deep-level transient spectroscopy data. We conclude that our data are accurate and our methods reliable. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 USAF,WRIGHT LAB,MAT DIRECTORATE,MLPO,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD DEC 1 PY 1996 VL 80 IS 11 BP 6572 EP 6573 DI 10.1063/1.363644 PG 2 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA VV267 UT WOS:A1996VV26700078 ER PT J AU Helm, S Sylvia, VL Harmon, T Dean, DD Boyan, BD Schwartz, Z AF Helm, S Sylvia, VL Harmon, T Dean, DD Boyan, BD Schwartz, Z TI 24,25-(OH)(2)D-3 regulates protein kinase C through two distinct phospholipid-dependent mechanisms SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID VITAMIN-D METABOLITES; CARTILAGE CELLS-INVITRO; COSTOCHONDRAL CHONDROCYTE CULTURES; ARACHIDONIC-ACID TURNOVER; RESTING ZONE; GROWTH ZONE; PHOSPHATIDYLCHOLINE HYDROLYSIS; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; MATURATION; 1,25-(OH)2D3 AB We have previously shown that 24,25-(OH)(2)D-3 plays a major role in resting zone (RC) chondrocyte differentiation and that this vitamin D metabolite regulates protein kinase C (PKC). The aim of the present study was to identify the signal transduction pathway used by 24,25-(OH)(2)D-3 to stimulate PKC activation. Confluent, fourth passage RC cells from rat costochondral cartilage were used to evaluate the mechanism of PKC activation. Treatment of RC cultures with 24,25(OH)(2)D-3 for 90 min produced a dose-dependent increase in diacylglycerol (DAC). Addition of R59022, a diacylglycerol kinase inhibitor, significantly increased PKC activity in cultures treated with 24,25-(OH)(2)D-3. Addition of dioctanoylglycerol (DOG) to plasma membranes isolated from RC increased PKC activity 447-fold. Addition of pertussis toxin or cholera toxin to control cultures elevated basal PKC activity. When added together with 10(-9) M 24,25-(OH)(2)D-3, there was an additive effect on PKC activity but in cultures treated with 10(-8) M 24,25-(OH)(2)D-3, only the hormone-dependent stimulation of PKC was observed. The phospholipase C inhibitor, U73-122, had no effect on PKC activity, indicating that the DAG produced in response to 24,25-(OH)(2)D-3 is not derived from phosphatidylinositol. Addition of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor, genistein, also had no effect on 24,25-(OH)(2)D-3-stimulated PKC, further supporting the hypothesis that phospholipase C is not involved in the mechanism and that phospholipase D is responsible for the increase in DAG production. Phospholipase A(2) inhibitors, quinacrine and AACOCF3, and the cyclooxygenase inhibitor indomethacin increased PKC activity in the RC cultures. Exogenous PGE(2), one of the downstream products of phospholipase A(2) action, inhibited PKC activity. These results suggest that 24,25-(OH)(2)D-3 regulates PKC activity by two distinct phospholipid-dependent mechanisms: production of DAG via phospholipase D and inhibition of the production of PGE(2) via inhibition of phospholipase A(2) and cyclooxygenase. (C) 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 UNIV TEXAS, HLTH SCI CTR, DEPT ORTHOPAED, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78284 USA. UNIV TEXAS, HLTH SCI CTR, DEPT BIOCHEM, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78284 USA. UNIV TEXAS, HLTH SCI CTR, DEPT PERIODONT, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78284 USA. WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR, DEPT PERIODONT, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78236 USA. HEBREW UNIV JERUSALEM, HADASSAH FAC DENT MED, DEPT PERIODONT, IL-91010 JERUSALEM, ISRAEL. OI Dean, David/0000-0002-4512-9065 FU NIDCR NIH HHS [DE-08603, DE-05937] NR 37 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0021-9541 EI 1097-4652 J9 J CELL PHYSIOL JI J. Cell. Physiol. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 169 IS 3 BP 509 EP 521 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4652(199612)169:3<509::AID-JCP11>3.0.CO;2-0 PG 13 WC Cell Biology; Physiology SC Cell Biology; Physiology GA VW030 UT WOS:A1996VW03000011 PM 8952700 ER PT J AU Hall, MC Clement, DJ Dove, SB Walker, WA AF Hall, MC Clement, DJ Dove, SB Walker, WA TI A comparison of sealer placement techniques in curved canals SO JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS LA English DT Article ID ROOT CANALS; GUTTA-PERCHA; INSTRUMENTATION AB Sealer placement techniques have not been examined in teeth with curved canals prepared with Lightspeed instruments. Three traditional methods of placing sealer were studied, using 45 extracted human single-rooted teeth, divided into 3 groups of 15. Root canal preparations were made with Lightspeed nickel-titanium, engine-driven instruments. AH26 sealer was applied with either K-file, lentulo spiral, or master gutta-percha cone. Radiographs were taken after sealer placement and analyzed for amount of canal sealer fill. The teeth were then obturated with laterally condensed gutta-percha, chemically cleared, photographed, and analyzed for total canal wall sealer coverage. The results showed a statistically significant difference in canal sealer fill among the three groups before obturation, but: there was no statistical difference in canal wall coverage among the three groups after obturation. None of the examined methods exceeded an average of 62.5% wall coverage of sealer after obturation. This suggests that complete wall coverage after obturation may not be possible. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT ENDODONT,SCH DENT,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT DENT DIAGNOST SCI,SCH DENT,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,DEPT ENDODONT,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236. NR 19 TC 12 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0099-2399 J9 J ENDODONT JI J. Endod. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 22 IS 12 BP 638 EP 642 DI 10.1016/S0099-2399(96)80055-0 PG 5 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA VV561 UT WOS:A1996VV56100002 PM 9220746 ER PT J AU Medina, EA Venugopal, S Frazier, WG Medeiros, S Mullins, WM Chaudhary, A Irwin, RD Srinivasan, R Malas, JC AF Medina, EA Venugopal, S Frazier, WG Medeiros, S Mullins, WM Chaudhary, A Irwin, RD Srinivasan, R Malas, JC TI Optimization of microstructure development: Application to hot metal extrusion SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE LA English DT Article DE die design; dynamic recrystallization; extrusion; microstructure modeling; optimal control theory; process design AB A new process design method for controlling microstructure development during hot metal deformation processes is presented, This approach is based on modern control theory and involves state-space models for describing the material behavior and the mechanics of the process, The challenge of effectively controlling the values and distribution of important microstructural features can now be systematically formulated and solved in terms of an optimal control problem, This method has been applied to the optimization of grain size and certain process parameters such as die geometry profile and ram velocity during extrusion of plain carbon steel, Various case studies have been investigated, and experimental results show good agreement with those predicted in the design stage. C1 OHIO UNIV,SCH ELECT ENGN & COMP SCI,ATHENS,OH 45701. WRIGHT STATE UNIV,DEPT MECH & MAT ENGN,DAYTON,OH 45435. RP Medina, EA (reprint author), USAF,WRIGHT LAB,MLIM,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. NR 16 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASM INTERNATIONAL PI MATERIALS PARK PA SUBSCRIPTIONS SPECIALIST CUSTOMER SERVICE, MATERIALS PARK, OH 44073-0002 SN 1059-9495 J9 J MATER ENG PERFORM JI J. Mater. Eng. Perform. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 5 IS 6 BP 743 EP 752 DI 10.1007/BF02646909 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA VV351 UT WOS:A1996VV35100008 ER PT J AU Tan, LS Venkatasubramanian, N AF Tan, LS Venkatasubramanian, N TI Aromatic polyamides containing keto-benzocyclobutene pendants SO JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART A-POLYMER CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE benzocyclobutene; polyamides; crosslinking; rigid-rod molecular composites; poly(p-phenylenebenzobisthiazole); 3,5-diaminophenyl-4-benzocyclobutenyl ketone ID BISPHENOL-A POLYCARBONATES; RIGID-ROD POLYMERS; CROSS-LINKING; BISBENZOCYCLOBUTENE; FIBERS; ACID AB A series of novel benzocyclobutene (BCB)-pendanted polyamides (inherent viscosities: 0.20-0.69 dL/g) was synthesized from 3,5-diaminophenyl-4-benzocyclobutenyl ketone, and terephthaloyl, isophthaloyl, 4,4'-oxydibenzoyl chlorides, as well as 4,4'-(o-phenylenedioxy)dibenzoyl chloride. The DSC studies demonstrated that the BCB crosslinking exothermic transition occurred at nearly the same temperature (max. similar to 275 degrees C) for all the four polyamides, and they were thermally stable up to 380 degrees C in helium, where the weight loss started to occur. TGA and DSC studies in air indicated that the polymers, in contrast to the model compound, showed evidence of oxidation just prior to or occurring simultaneously with the BCB crosslinking reaction. This could be attributed to the oxidation of the reactive diene generated from the ring-opening of the BCB competing with the process of two BCB pendant units approaching each other for crosslinking reaction. Preliminary examination of the BCB-pendanted polyamide regenerated from a methanesulfonic acid solution indicates that the BCB ring is quite stable (DSC evidence) in the strong acid medium. (C) 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 UNIV DAYTON,RES INST,DAYTON,OH 45469. RP Tan, LS (reprint author), WRIGHT LAB,MAT DIRECTORATE,WL MLBP,POLYMER BRANCH,2941 P ST SUITE 1,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. OI Tan, Loon-Seng/0000-0002-2134-9290 NR 38 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 6 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0887-624X J9 J POLYM SCI POL CHEM JI J. Polym. Sci. Pol. Chem. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 34 IS 17 BP 3539 EP 3549 PG 11 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA VV270 UT WOS:A1996VV27000014 ER PT J AU Imbery, TA Eshelman, EG AF Imbery, TA Eshelman, EG TI Resin-bonded fixed partial dentures: A review of three decades of progress SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DENTAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Review ID CAST METAL; SURFACE-TREATMENT; PROSTHODONTIC ADHESIVES; CLINICAL-EVALUATION; NONPRECIOUS ALLOYS; TENSILE-STRENGTH; COMPOSITE RESIN; DENTAL ALLOYS; RETAINERS; RETENTION AB The resin-bonded fixed partial denture has undergone significant changes in design, materials and tooth preparation since its development in 1973. The selection of resin cement and micromechanical retention have closely paralled alloy-resin-bonding research. Despite impressive in vitro research results, only 74 percent of the prostheses are still functional at the end of four years. Understanding the limitations, indications and design of resin-bonded fixed partial dentures will result In improved longevity and patient satisfaction. C1 USAF,DENT CORPS,LANGLEY AFB,VA. ADV EDUC GEN DENT RESIDENCY,LANGLEY AFB,VA. NR 115 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER DENTAL ASSN PI CHICAGO PA 211 E CHICAGO AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60611 SN 0002-8177 J9 J AM DENT ASSOC JI J. Am. Dent. Assoc. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 127 IS 12 BP 1751 EP 1760 PG 10 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA VX672 UT WOS:A1996VX67200021 PM 8990745 ER PT J AU Silbaugh, EE Welsh, BM Roggemann, MC AF Silbaugh, EE Welsh, BM Roggemann, MC TI Characterization of atmospheric turbulence phase statistics using wave-front slope measurements SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA A-OPTICS IMAGE SCIENCE AND VISION LA English DT Article ID ADAPTIVE-OPTICS SYSTEMS; LASER GUIDE STARS; ASTRONOMICAL TELESCOPES; PERFORMANCE; ANISOPLANATISM; HARTMANN; SENSORS AB Turbulence has long been recognized as one of the most significant factors limiting the performance of optical systems operating in the presence of atmosphere. Atmospheric turbulence over vertical paths has been well characterized, both theoretically and experimentally. Much less is known about turbulence over long, horizontal paths. Perturbations of the wave-front phase can be measured with a Hartmann wave-front sensor (H-WFS). One can use these measurements to characterize atmospheric turbulence directly. Theoretical expressions for the slope structure function of the H-WFS measurements are derived and evaluated with the use of numerical quadrature. By concentrating on the slope structure function, we avoid the phase reconstruction step and use the slope measurements in a more direct fashion. The theoretical slope structure function is compared with estimated slope structure functions computed from H-WFS measurements collected in a series of experiments conducted by researchers at the U.S. Air Force's Phillips Laboratory. These experiments involved H-WFS measurements over high-altitude (airborne) horizontal paths 20-200 km in length. (C) 1996 Optical Society of America. C1 USAF,INST TECHNOL,DEPT ENGN PHYS,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. RP Silbaugh, EE (reprint author), USAF,INST TECHNOL,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,2950 P ST,BLDG 640,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. NR 22 TC 28 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 3 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0740-3232 J9 J OPT SOC AM A JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. A-Opt. Image Sci. Vis. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 13 IS 12 BP 2453 EP 2460 DI 10.1364/JOSAA.13.002453 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA VZ446 UT WOS:A1996VZ44600016 ER PT J AU Hayduk, MJ Johns, ST Krol, MF AF Hayduk, MJ Johns, ST Krol, MF TI Chromium laser produces femtosecond pulses SO LASER FOCUS WORLD LA English DT Article RP Hayduk, MJ (reprint author), USAF,ROME LAB,PHOTON CTR,75 ELECT PKWY,ROME,NY 13441, USA. NR 9 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU PENNWELL PUBL CO PI NASHUA PA 5TH FLOOR TEN TARA BOULEVARD, NASHUA, NH 03062-2801 SN 0740-2511 J9 LASER FOCUS WORLD JI Laser Focus World PD DEC PY 1996 VL 32 IS 12 BP 73 EP & PG 5 WC Optics SC Optics GA WG168 UT WOS:A1996WG16800025 ER PT J AU Schwenker, SW Eylon, D AF Schwenker, SW Eylon, D TI Creep deformation and damage in a continuous fiber-reinforced Ti-6Al-4V composite SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID METAL-MATRIX COMPOSITES; SIC-FIBER; MICROSTRUCTURE; 450-DEGREES-C; MECHANISMS; INTERFACES; BEHAVIOR AB Mechanisms of longitudinal creep deformation and damage were studied in an eight-ply unidirectional-reinforced SCS-6/Ti-6Al-4V composite. The composite was creep tested in air under constant tensile load at temperatures from 427 degrees C to 650 degrees C and stresses from 621 to 1380 MPa. In situ acoustic emission (AE) monitoring and post-test metallographic evaluation were used to study fiber fracture and damage during creep. At low creep stresses, creep rates continuously decreased to near-zero values. This was attributed to a mechanism of matrix relaxation and the time-dependent redistribution of load from the ductile matrix to the elastic fibers. At higher stresses, progressive fiber overload occurred during creep loading. In this case, the composite exhibited a stage of decreasing creep rate (due primarily to matrix relaxation), followed by a secondary stage of nearly constant creep rate due to fiber fracture. The results indicate that interfacial oxidation damage and inefficient load transfer at elevated temperatures significantly decreased the capability of broken fibers to carry load. As a result, additional time-dependent stress redistribution occurred in the composite, which was responsible for the secondary creep stage. C1 UNIV DAYTON,SCH ENGN,GRAD MAT ENGN DEPT,DAYTON,OH 45469. RP Schwenker, SW (reprint author), USAF,WRIGHT LAB,MAT DIRECTORATE,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. NR 31 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 5 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 27 IS 12 BP 4193 EP 4204 DI 10.1007/BF02595667 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA WC934 UT WOS:A1996WC93400044 ER PT J AU Abadi, J AF Abadi, J TI An empire in the Holy Land: Historical geography of the British administration in Palestine, 1917-1929 - Biger,G SO MIDDLE EAST JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review RP Abadi, J (reprint author), USAF ACAD,COLORADO SPRINGS,CO 80840, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MIDDLE EAST INSTITUTE PI WASHINGTON PA 1761 N STREET NW, CIRCULATION DEPT, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2882 SN 0026-3141 J9 MIDDLE EAST J JI Middle East J. PD WIN PY 1996 VL 50 IS 1 BP 132 EP 133 PG 2 WC Area Studies SC Area Studies GA TW170 UT WOS:A1996TW17000022 ER PT J AU White, TP Toland, R Jackson, JA Kloeber, JM AF White, TP Toland, R Jackson, JA Kloeber, JM TI Simulation and optimization of a new waste remediation process SO OMEGA-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE management of science/technology; environmental studies; simulation; LP AB In the development of large scale technologically advanced projects and procedures, it is often necessary to project the life cycle cost elements of a full production system based upon test results from a much smaller prototype facility. This paper describes an application of simulation to characterize equipment and facilities for a large-scale vitrification plant, based upon available results, expert opinion, and classical cost estimating techniques. This study improves the understanding of the vitrification process and reduced cost uncertainties. Further, it details how optimization was incorporated in modeling the minimum additive waste stabilization blending process to reduce the cost of additives and provide a more rigorous estimate of overall system cost. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 USAF,INST TECHNOL,ENS,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0305-0483 J9 OMEGA-INT J MANAGE S JI Omega-Int. J. Manage. Sci. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 24 IS 6 BP 705 EP 714 DI 10.1016/S0305-0483(96)00032-1 PG 10 WC Management; Operations Research & Management Science SC Business & Economics; Operations Research & Management Science GA WC314 UT WOS:A1996WC31400007 ER PT J AU Dominic, VG Carney, AJ Watson, EA AF Dominic, VG Carney, AJ Watson, EA TI Measurement and modeling of the angular dispersion in liquid crystal broadband beam steering devices SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE beam steering; liquid crystals; spatial light modulators; beam propagation method ID PROPAGATION METHOD; PHASE GRATINGS; DIFFRACTION AB Liquid crystal beam steering devices behave like blazed diffraction gratings: the design wavelength can be nicely diffracted into a single order. Unfortunately, the grating nature of these devices causes strong angular dispersion of the transmitted light when the incident beam contains a broad spectrum of wavelengths. We characterized the behavior of a liquid crystal beam steerer for broadband illumination. We report experimental measurements of the impulse response of the beam steering device as a function of illumination wavelength. We also compare our results to a theoretical analysis utilizing the beam-propagation method (BPM). We find that even a simple model of the phase profile gives good agreement with the experimental measurements. (C) 1996 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 WRIGHT LAB,AAJT,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. RP Dominic, VG (reprint author), UNIV DAYTON,CTR ELECTROOPT,DAYTON,OH 45469, USA. NR 22 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC PHOTO-OPT INSTRUM ENG PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 35 IS 12 BP 3371 EP 3379 DI 10.1117/1.601095 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA VX100 UT WOS:A1996VX10000002 ER PT J AU Whiteley, MR Roggemann, MC Johnson, RO Rogers, SK AF Whiteley, MR Roggemann, MC Johnson, RO Rogers, SK TI Detection of military vehicles using infrared spectral radiometric signatures SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE multispectral; infrared; target detection; remote sensing ID CLUTTER; PERFORMANCE AB Automatic detection of time-critical mobile targets using nonimaging, spectral infrared radiometric target signatures is explored. A novel set of classification features is developed for the spectral data and utilized in a Bayesian classifier. The processing results are presented, and sensitivity of the class separability to target set, target configuration, diurnal variations, mean contrast, and ambient temperature estimation errors is explored. This work introduces the concept of atmospheric normalization of classification features, in which feature values are normalized using an estimate of the ambient temperature in the vicinity of the target. The probability of detection, false alarm rate, and total error rate associated with this detection process is presented. Testing on an array of U.S. and foreign military assets reveals a total error rate near 5% with a 95% probability of detection and a concurrent false alarm rate of 4% when a single classification feature is employed. Sensitivity analysis indicates that the probability of detection is reduced to 70 to 75% in the hours preceding daylight, and that for the total error rate to be less than 10%, the target-to-background mean contrast must be greater than 0.025. Analysis of the atmospheric normalization technique reveals that to keep the total error rate less than 10%, the ambient temperature must be estimated with less than 3 K absolute accuracy. (C) 1996 Society of Photo Optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 USAF,WRIGHT LAB,AVION DIRECTORATE,AARI,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. USAF,GRAD SCH EDUC,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. RP Whiteley, MR (reprint author), USAF,INST TECHNOL,DEPT ENGN PHYS,GRAD SCH ENGN,2950 P ST,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. NR 20 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC PHOTO-OPT INSTRUM ENG PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 35 IS 12 BP 3531 EP 3548 DI 10.1117/1.601089 PG 18 WC Optics SC Optics GA VX100 UT WOS:A1996VX10000024 ER PT J AU Zhou, W Sheu, S Liou, JJ Huang, CI AF Zhou, W Sheu, S Liou, JJ Huang, CI TI Analysis of non-uniform current and temperature distributions in the emitter finger of AlGaAs/GaAs heterojunction bipolar transistors SO SOLID-STATE ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article AB This paper develops a comprehensive and two-dimensional model for the AlGaAs/GaAs heterojunction bipolar transistor (HBT). The model takes into account the electrical-thermal interacting mechanism in both the width and length directions of the HBT emitter finger and thus is capable of describing the two-dimensional temperature and current distributions in the emitter finger of the HBT. Results produced from a three-dimensional device simulator are also included in support of the model. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd C1 USAF,WRIGHT LAB,DEVICE TECHNOL DIV,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. RP Zhou, W (reprint author), UNIV CENT FLORIDA,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,ORLANDO,FL 32816, USA. NR 8 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0038-1101 J9 SOLID STATE ELECTRON JI Solid-State Electron. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 39 IS 12 BP 1709 EP 1721 DI 10.1016/S0038-1101(96)00123-2 PG 13 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA VY516 UT WOS:A1996VY51600003 ER PT J AU Nozette, S Lichtenberg, CL Spudis, P Bonner, R Ort, W Malaret, E Robinson, M Shoemaker, EM AF Nozette, S Lichtenberg, CL Spudis, P Bonner, R Ort, W Malaret, E Robinson, M Shoemaker, EM TI The Clementine bistatic radar experiment SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID OUTER PLANET SATELLITES; GREENLAND ICE-SHEET; COHERENT-BACKSCATTER; MOON; MERCURY; STABILITY; MODEL; POLARIZATION; GANYMEDE; CRATERS AB During the Clementine 1 mission, a bistatic radar experiment measured the magnitude and polarization of the radar echo versus bistatic angle, beta, for selected lunar areas. Observations of the lunar south pole yield a same-sense polarization enhancement around beta = 0. Analysis shows that the observed enhancement is localized to the permanently shadowed regions of the lunar south pole. Radar observations of periodically solar-illuminated lunar surfaces, including the north pole, yielded no such enhancement. A probable explanation for these differences is the presence of low-loss volume scatterers, such as water ice, in the permanently shadowed region at the south pole. C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. LUNAR & PLANETARY INST,HOUSTON,TX 77058. PROTASIS INC,ALEXANDRIA,VA 22314. APPL COHERENT TECHNOL,HERNDON,VA 22070. US GEOL SURVEY,FLAGSTAFF,AZ 86001. RP Nozette, S (reprint author), USAF,PHILLIPS LAB,SPACE EXPT DIRECTORATE,711 N FAYETTE ST,ALEXANDRIA,VA 22314, USA. NR 34 TC 192 Z9 206 U1 0 U2 19 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD NOV 29 PY 1996 VL 274 IS 5292 BP 1495 EP 1498 DI 10.1126/science.274.5292.1495 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA VV775 UT WOS:A1996VV77500038 PM 8929403 ER PT J AU Wang, HL Jin, MY Jarnagin, RC Bunning, TJ Adams, W Cull, B Shi, YS Kumar, S Samulski, ET AF Wang, HL Jin, MY Jarnagin, RC Bunning, TJ Adams, W Cull, B Shi, YS Kumar, S Samulski, ET TI Thermally stable nonlinear optical activity in a smectic-A liquid crystal SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID 2ND-HARMONIC GENERATION; POLYMER-FILMS; STABILITY; BEHAVIOR; SYSTEMS AB THE key requirement for a material to exhibit nonlinear optical (NLO) activity is the presence of non-centrosymmetric (polar) order, an attribute that is usually restricted to certain crystalline classes and ferroelectric liquid crystals(1,2). NLO activity can also be obtained in some amorphous organic materials by applying an intense electric field (corona discharge) above the glass transition temperature, T-g, and subsequently quenching the field-induced polar orientation order(3,4). Such materials are attractive for NLO device applications, as they promise lower costs and easier processibility than their crystalline organic and inorganic counterparts(5). But field-induced polar order is not stable, and the eventual return to equilibrium (apolar) order results in a deterioration of NLO activity, particularly at temperatures near T-g (refs 6, 7). Here we show that this thermally activated decay of polar order can be circumvented by using a liquid crystal in which both mesogens (molecules that induce a liquid-crystal phase) and NLO-active chromophores are appended to macro-molecular siloxane rings. We find that a shear-aligned melt of these composite macromolecules gives rise to a material with a monodomain lamellar superstructure that retains bistable, field-induced polar order above T-g. We attribute the thermal stability of these materials to an energetically favoured polar packing arrangement of the constituent macromolecules. C1 UNIV N CAROLINA,DEPT CHEM,CHAPEL HILL,NC 27599. KRICT,HIGH PERFORMANCE POLYMER LAB,TAEJON 305606,SOUTH KOREA. USAF,WRIGHT LAB,MAT DIRECTORATE,MLPJ,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. SCI APPLICAT INT CORP,DAYTON,OH 45431. KENT STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,KENT,OH 44242. KENT STATE UNIV,INST LIQUID CRYSTAL,KENT,OH 44242. RI Adams, Wade/A-7305-2010 NR 25 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 13 PU MACMILLAN MAGAZINES LTD PI LONDON PA 4 LITTLE ESSEX STREET, LONDON, ENGLAND WC2R 3LF SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD NOV 21 PY 1996 VL 384 IS 6606 BP 244 EP 247 DI 10.1038/384244a0 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA VU381 UT WOS:A1996VU38100044 ER PT J AU Iannacchione, GS Finotello, D Natarajan, LV Sutherland, RL Tondiglia, VP Bunning, TJ Adams, WW AF Iannacchione, GS Finotello, D Natarajan, LV Sutherland, RL Tondiglia, VP Bunning, TJ Adams, WW TI Deuterium NMR and morphology study of polymer-dispersed liquid-crystal Bragg gratings SO EUROPHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LIGHT-SCATTERING; HEAT-CAPACITY; TRANSITION; DROPLETS; AEROGEL; MIXTURE AB The orientational order in polymer-dispersed liquid crystals on holographically written volume Bragg gratings is studied using deuterium NMR. Unique spectral patterns indicate that a homeotropic liquid-crystal director configuration at the polymer interface is retained despite the small pore size (< 100nm). This structure coexists with liquid crystals in trapped defect structures of dimension comparable to the pore size. C1 KENT STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,KENT,OH 44242. KENT STATE UNIV,INST LIQUID CRYSTAL,KENT,OH 44242. SCI APPLICAT INT CORP,DAYTON,OH 45431. USAF,WRIGHT LAB,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. RI Adams, Wade/A-7305-2010 NR 25 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 0295-5075 J9 EUROPHYS LETT JI Europhys. Lett. PD NOV 20 PY 1996 VL 36 IS 6 BP 425 EP 430 DI 10.1209/epl/i1996-00246-4 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA VW165 UT WOS:A1996VW16500005 ER PT J AU LoCicero, R Shen, Q Harris, K AF LoCicero, R Shen, Q Harris, K TI The tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1 is deficient in polycythemia vera peripheral blood mononuclear cells. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,S TEXAS VET HLTH CARE SYST,SAN ANTONIO,TX. WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78236. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1996 VL 88 IS 10 SU 1 BP 1735 EP 1735 PN 1 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA VT983 UT WOS:A1996VT98301735 ER PT J AU Eby, CS Calander, N Lewis, S JoinerMeyer, D AF Eby, CS Calander, N Lewis, S JoinerMeyer, D TI Prevalence of activated protein C resistance in black, Hispanic, and white US Air Force recruits. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ST LOUIS UNIV,SCH MED,ST LOUIS,MO. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX. WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78236. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1996 VL 88 IS 10 SU 1 BP 3048 EP 3048 PN 2 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA VT986 UT WOS:A1996VT98600309 ER PT J AU Schroeder, M Jaslowski, A Thomas, A Warren, T Lewis, S Essell, J Harman, G Allerton, J Wilks, S Osswald, M Halvorson, R AF Schroeder, M Jaslowski, A Thomas, A Warren, T Lewis, S Essell, J Harman, G Allerton, J Wilks, S Osswald, M Halvorson, R TI Busulfan pharmacokinetics in patients undergoing bone marrow transplant (BMT): An analysis of the effects of urosodiol. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1996 VL 88 IS 10 SU 1 BP 3762 EP 3762 PN 2 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA VT986 UT WOS:A1996VT98601023 ER PT J AU Shaughnessy, P Lewis, S Allerton, J Schroeder, M AF Shaughnessy, P Lewis, S Allerton, J Schroeder, M TI The bili day index (BDI): A simplified way to predict life threatening veno occlusive disease (VOD) allogenic bone marrow transplant (BMT) patients. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78236. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1996 VL 88 IS 10 SU 1 BP 3763 EP 3763 PN 2 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA VT986 UT WOS:A1996VT98601024 ER PT J AU Barnes, PN Kushner, MJ AF Barnes, PN Kushner, MJ TI Formation of Xel(B) in low pressure inductive radio frequency electric discharges sustained in mixtures of Xe and I-2 SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID KRF(B->X) EXCIMER LAMP; QUASI-CONTINUOUS OPERATION; MICROWAVE-DISCHARGE; HIGH-EFFICIENCY; SYSTEMS AB Low pressure excimer discharges (<1-5 Ton) are of interest for use as ultraviolet sources for lighting applications. XeI(B) is an attractive candidate for excimer lamps due to the low corrosive properties of iodine. The excimer is thought to be formed by either harpoon or ion-ion recombination reactions, the latter of which requires a third body. The formation of the excimer at low pressures is therefore problematic. To address this issue, an investigation was conducted to determine the kinetic processes which produce XeI(B) in a low pressure (0.5-5 Ton) inductive radio frequency discharge sustained in Xe and I-2. The diagnostics applied in this study include laser-induced fluorescence, optical absorption spectroscopy, and optical emission spectroscopy. Our results indicate that for the experimental conditions, Xe+I-2**-->XeI(B)+I is a major reaction producing the excimer. This result differs from studies performed at higher pressures which concluded that the harpoon reaction between Xe* and I-2 or ionic recombination between Xe-2(+) and I- are the major sources of XeI(B). (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,URBANA,IL 61801. RP Barnes, PN (reprint author), WRIGHT LAB,ADV PLASMA RES SECT POOC2,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. RI Kushner, Mark/A-7362-2008; Kushner, Mark/D-4547-2015 NR 24 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD NOV 15 PY 1996 VL 80 IS 10 BP 5593 EP 5597 DI 10.1063/1.363636 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA VU987 UT WOS:A1996VU98700008 ER PT J AU Huang, DH Manasreh, MO AF Huang, DH Manasreh, MO TI Intersubband transitions in triple-coupled quantum wells for three-colors infrared detectors SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID GAAS/ALGAAS; PHOTODETECTOR; TEMPERATURE AB We present a theoretical study of intersubband transitions in multiple-quantum-well structure, which is designed such that the chemical potential lies between the third and fourth electronic energy levels. The subject structure, which may function under a fixed bias voltage, would allow one to observe simultaneously three intersubband transitions that cover different spectral wavelength regions. The current theory is based on self-consistent screened Hartree-Fock calculations for quasiparticle's energies and wave functions. In this theory we include the effects of the z-dependent electron effective mass and dielectric constant, and the nonparabolic dispersion. The optical absorption spectra were calculated after including the depolarization and excitonlike shifts. These spectra were investigated as a function of temperature, doping concentration, and bias voltage. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. RP Huang, DH (reprint author), USAF,PHILLIPS LAB,VTRP,3550 ABERDEEN AVE SE,BLDG 426,KIRTLAND AFB,NM 87117, USA. NR 22 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD NOV 15 PY 1996 VL 80 IS 10 BP 6045 EP 6049 DI 10.1063/1.363561 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA VU987 UT WOS:A1996VU98700076 ER PT J AU Carlson, JL AF Carlson, JL TI Romantic days and nights in San Francisco: Intimate escapes in the city by the bay - Peck,D SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review RP Carlson, JL (reprint author), VANDENBERG AFB LIB,VANDENBERG AFB,CA 93437, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD NOV 15 PY 1996 VL 121 IS 19 BP 79 EP 79 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA VT342 UT WOS:A1996VT34200184 ER PT J AU Moghaddam, AP Abbas, R Fisher, JW Stavrou, S Lipscomb, JC AF Moghaddam, AP Abbas, R Fisher, JW Stavrou, S Lipscomb, JC TI Formation of dichloroacetic acid by rat and mouse gut microflora, an in vitro study SO BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID DNA STRAND BREAKS; TRICHLOROACETIC-ACID; B6C3F1 MICE; PEROXISOME PROLIFERATION; CHLORAL HYDRATE; LIVER INVIVO; TRICHLOROETHYLENE; METABOLITES; CARCINOGENICITY; INDUCTION AB Metabolism of trichloroethylene (TRI) and its major metabolite, trichloroacetic acid (TCA), by gut content and gut microflora cultures was studied to gain an insight into the role of enterohepatic circulation in TRI metabolism. TRI and TCA were incubated anaerobically with rat and mouse cecal contents and TCA was additionally incubated anaerobically and aerobically with microflora cultures from mice. Although TRI was not metabolized by rat or mouse cecal contents, TCA was metabolized to dichloroacetic acid (DCA) by cecal contents. DCA formation in microflora cultures was dependent on initial TCA concentration, duration of incubation, and initial bacterial number. DCA was not observed in aerobic cultures exposed to TCA. These results suggest that strict anaerobic microorganisms of the gut may partly be responsible for dechlorination of TCA to DCA. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc. C1 USAF,BSC,OL,HSC OET,DIV TOXICOL,ARMSTRONG LAB,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. GEOCENTERS INC,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. NR 41 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0006-291X J9 BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO JI Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. PD NOV 12 PY 1996 VL 228 IS 2 BP 639 EP 645 DI 10.1006/bbrc.1996.1709 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA VT768 UT WOS:A1996VT76800065 PM 8920962 ER PT J AU Gallagher, MR AF Gallagher, MR TI Jets need survival tools SO AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 USAF,SACRAMENTO,CA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MCGRAW HILL INC PI NEW YORK PA 1221 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10020 SN 0005-2175 J9 AVIAT WEEK SPACE TEC JI Aviat. Week Space Technol. PD NOV 11 PY 1996 VL 145 IS 20 BP 6 EP 6 PG 1 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA VR966 UT WOS:A1996VR96600002 ER PT J AU Ranon, PM Dajani, I Kopf, DC Alley, TG White, WR Kester, JJ AF Ranon, PM Dajani, I Kopf, DC Alley, TG White, WR Kester, JJ TI Planar geometry thin-film all-optical programmable switch SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID 2ND-HARMONIC GENERATION; GLASS; FIBERS; FIELDS AB We describe an all-optical programmable switch that can perform logic gate functions. This switch consists of a planar geometry germanium-doped silica waveguide, a Q-switched and mode-locked Nd:YAG laser, and the means of coupling laser light into different waveguiding modes of the thin film at the fundamental and second-harmonic frequencies. By the application of the appropriate optical program ming sequence, the film-generated second-harmonic light can be made to perform the functionalities of various gates. In particular, a single waveguide was optically programmed to perform the OR function and was then made to perform the AND function with little change to the experimental arrangement. (C) 1996 Optical Society of America C1 GOLDEN PHOTON INC,GOLDEN,CO 80401. USAF ACAD,DEPT PHYS,LASER & OPT RES CTR,COLORADO SPRINGS,CO 80840. UNIV NEW MEXICO,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. RP Ranon, PM (reprint author), USAF,TECH APPLICAT CTR,1030 S HIGHWAY A1A,PATRICK AFB,FL 32925, USA. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-6935 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD NOV 10 PY 1996 VL 35 IS 32 BP 6390 EP 6396 DI 10.1364/AO.35.006390 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA VR087 UT WOS:A1996VR08700010 PM 21127664 ER PT J AU Jackson, AG Leclair, SR Ohmer, MC Ziarko, W AlKamhwi, H AF Jackson, AG Leclair, SR Ohmer, MC Ziarko, W AlKamhwi, H TI Rough sets applied to materials data SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article ID ABC2 CHALCOPYRITE SEMICONDUCTORS; CLASSIFICATION; SYSTEMS AB Rough sets is a mathematically well-grounded approach to discovering patterns in data. Examples related to materials science illustrate the application of rough sets methodology to identifying related objects, determining the degree of dependency of subsets of attributes on other attributes, and testing subsets of objects for patterns. Classification of objects into classes that exhibit specific behavior is important in understanding material behavior and in predicting material properties. The lower approximation identifies those objects that belong with certainty to a pattern; the upper approximation identifies those objects that have some probability of belonging to some pattern. Results of the application of the rough sets method to the chalcopyrite family of crystal structures are presented. Copyright (C) 1996 Acta Metallurgica Inc. C1 UNIV REGINA,REGINA,SK S4S 0A2,CANADA. WRIGHT STATE UNIV,DAYTON,OH 45435. RP Jackson, AG (reprint author), USAF,WRIGHT LAB,MAT DIRECTORATE,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. NR 42 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 44 IS 11 BP 4475 EP 4484 DI 10.1016/1359-6454(96)00110-3 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA VP499 UT WOS:A1996VP49900019 ER PT J AU Bowersox, RDW AF Bowersox, RDW TI Combined laser Doppler velocimetry and cross-wire anemometry analysis for supersonic turbulent flow SO AIAA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID COMPRESSIBLE TURBULENCE; BOUNDARY-LAYER AB A synergistic laser Doppler velocimetry and multiple overheat cross-film anemometry analysis was developed to allow for direct measurements of the mean and turbulent flow properties in a supersonic turbulent flow. The present technique facilitated, for thin-layer, nonreacting flows, the measurement of the Reynolds (time) and Favre (mass-weighted time) averaged turbulent shear stress, heat flux, and apparent mass flux, without the usual ad hoc assumption of negligible static pressure fluctuations. The mean velocity, mass flux, and density were also acquired. The directly measured mean flow and turbulence results, in a Mach 2.8 wall boundary layer (Re-theta = 1.12 x 10(4)), were found to compare very well with numerical predictions based on the k-w two-equation (for the Favre approach) and the compressible apparent mass mixing length extension algebraic (for the Reynolds approach) turbulence model. RP Bowersox, RDW (reprint author), USAF,INST TECHNOL,DEPT AERONAUT & ASTRONAUT ENGN,GRAD SCH ENGN,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. NR 28 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0001-1452 J9 AIAA J JI AIAA J. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 34 IS 11 BP 2269 EP 2275 DI 10.2514/3.13390 PG 7 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA VQ108 UT WOS:A1996VQ10800007 ER PT J AU Burton, MP Schneider, BG Brown, R Gulley, ML AF Burton, MP Schneider, BG Brown, R Gulley, ML TI The effect of histologic strains on PCR analysis of microdissected, paraffin-embedded tissues SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX. WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78236. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC INVESTIGATIVE PATHOLOGY, INC PI BALTIMORE PA 428 EAST PRESTON ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21202-3993 SN 0002-9440 J9 AM J PATHOL JI Am. J. Pathol. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 149 IS 5 BP ST18 EP ST18 PG 1 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA VQ237 UT WOS:A1996VQ23700104 ER PT J AU Levy, CE Lorch, F AF Levy, CE Lorch, F TI Recovery of upper limb motor function in tetraplegia with stellate ganglion block treatment of reflex sympathetic dystrophy - A case report SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE & REHABILITATION LA English DT Article DE reflex sympathetic dystrophy; stellate ganglion blocks; tetraplegia ID PAIN AB Recovery of motor function in spinal cord injury usually does not occur beyond 2 yr from the date of injury and is rare beyond 8 yr. We present a case of a gentleman with a right C-5 motor, left T-5 motor, bilateral T-5 sensory tetraplegia, sustained after a fall in September 1985, who developed reflex sympathetic dystrophy of his right arm. This pain failed to resolve during the next 8 yr, despite conservative treatment consisting of range of motion, contrast baths, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation unit, and tricyclic antidepressants. Furthermore, his pain was refractory to dorsal rhizotomy in 1987. Subsequent follow-up visits documented ongoing pain and weakness of the right arm, with a stable injury pattern. Approximately 8 yr after initial injury, the patient underwent a series of eight stellate ganglion blocks, with the surprising result of improvement in Kendall graded motor function, This improvement was enough to represent a change in the motor level of spinal cord injury from C-6 to C-7, with a resultant increase in functional abilities. The improvement of motor function after stellate ganglion blocks for treatment of reflex sympathetic dystrophy is unprecedented and indicates that its aggressive treatment in patients with myelopathies may hasten motor recovery and, thus, functional gains. Physiologic explanations for this phenomenon include (1) resolution of pain inhibition, (2) improvement in disturbed microcirculation, and (3) resolution of sympathetic inhibition of mu-motor neurons via internuncial neurons. C1 USAF,WASHINGTON,DC 20330. RP Levy, CE (reprint author), OHIO STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS MED & REHABIL,COLUMBUS,OH 43210, USA. NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0894-9115 J9 AM J PHYS MED REHAB JI Am. J. Phys. Med. Rehabil. PD NOV-DEC PY 1996 VL 75 IS 6 BP 479 EP 482 DI 10.1097/00002060-199611000-00018 PG 4 WC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA WA783 UT WOS:A1996WA78300012 PM 8985113 ER PT J AU Bochove, EJ AF Bochove, EJ TI Unified derivation of classical radiation forces SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID OPTICAL FIBER; ATOMS; PRESSURE AB The ponderomotive and radiation forces acting on a free charge or an atom in an electromagnetic wave are derived in a unified way from the classical Lorentz force equation with radiation damping. (C) 1996 American Association of Physics Teachers. C1 PHILLIPS LAB,LIDA,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87117. UNIV NEW MEXICO,CTR HIGH TECHNOL MAT,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. RP Bochove, EJ (reprint author), USAF,PHILLIPS LAB,LIDA,KIRTLAND AFB,NM 87117, USA. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0002-9505 J9 AM J PHYS JI Am. J. Phys. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 64 IS 11 BP 1419 EP 1422 DI 10.1119/1.18368 PG 4 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Education & Educational Research; Physics GA VQ489 UT WOS:A1996VQ48900014 ER PT J AU Knolmayer, TJ Cornell, KM Bowyer, MW McCullough, JS Koenig, W AF Knolmayer, TJ Cornell, KM Bowyer, MW McCullough, JS Koenig, W TI Imbrication versus excision for fascial healing SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 48th Annual Meeting of the Southwestern Surgical Congress CY APR 28-MAY 01, 1996 CL SCOTTSDALE, AZ ID DELAYED PRIMARY CLOSURE; RAT SKIN INCISIONS; COLLAGEN; STRENGTH; WOUNDS AB BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to determine whether imbrication of native fascia versus excision and closure of new raw fascia forms a stronger union. METHODS: We utilized the anterior rectus sheath fascia of Sprague-Dawley rats as the model. Sixty rats underwent fascial tightening procedures. Each rat had the anterior rectus sheath shortened by 1 cm, 30 by imbrication and 30 by excision and closure. Ten of each group were harvested at 7 days' healing, 10 at 14 days, and 10 of each group at 28 days' healing. The anterior rectus sheath was removed, a ''dumbbell'' shape constructed, and the cross sectional area at the point of interest determined. The fascia was placed on an Instron tensiometer to determine the breaking strength. Tensile strength was calculated and the data analyzed by ANOVA and the Kruskall-Wallis test. Tissue samples of the closures were histologically analyzed for fibroblast counts, degree of inflammation, and presence of dense fibrous connective tissue. Tissue samples were also analyzed for enzymatic collagen crosslinking. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant difference in tensile strength between the two groups at 7, 14, and 28 days. Results show that at 7 days the mean tensile strength of excision was 0.133 kg/mm(2) +/- 0.056 and the mean tensile strength of imbrication was 0.083 kg/mm(2) +/- .048 (P < 0.05); at 14 days the mean tensile strength of excision was 0.105 kg/mm(2) +/- 0.033 and the mean tensile strength of imbrication was 0.057 kg/mm(2) +/- 0.014 (P < 0.002), and at 28 days the mean tensile strength of excision was 0.279 kg/mm(2) +/- 0.143 and the mean tensile strength of imbrication was 0.145 kg/mm(2) +/- 0.061 (P < 0.03). Histologic findings showed no statistical significance between the two closure methods when comparing degree of inflammation or the number of fibroblasts present. However, at 7 and 14 days there is a significantly greater presence of dense fibrous connective tissue in the excision group (P < 0.03 at 7 days and P < 0.044 at 14 days by ANOVA). Collagen crosslink analysis showed that by day 28 there is a significantly greater amount (P < 0.05 by ANOVA) of the difunctional crosslink dihydroxylysinonorleucine (DHLNL) and a greater ratio between DHLNL and the difunctional crosslink hydroxylysinonorleucine (HLNL) in the excision and closure group. CONCLUSION: We conclude that at 7, 14, and 28 days healing, excision provides a significantly stronger closure than imbrication. According to the crosslinking analysis, it is likely that this strength advantage may continue to increase over time. These findings suggest that excision and closure may be the preferred method for fascial tightening procedures. (C) 1996 Excerpta Medica, Inc. C1 USAF,DAVID GRANT MED CTR,DEPT PATHOL,TRAVIS AFB,CA 94535. RP Knolmayer, TJ (reprint author), USAF,DAVID GRANT MED CTR,DEPT SURG,101 BODIN CIRCLE,TRAVIS AFB,CA 94535, USA. NR 16 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU CAHNERS PUBL CO PI NEW YORK PA 249 WEST 17 STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 SN 0002-9610 J9 AM J SURG JI Am. J. Surg. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 172 IS 5 BP 506 EP 511 DI 10.1016/S0002-9610(96)00229-2 PG 6 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA VR818 UT WOS:A1996VR81800021 PM 8942554 ER PT J AU McHugh, CP Melby, PC LaFon, SG AF McHugh, CP Melby, PC LaFon, SG TI Leishmaniasis in Texas: Epidemiology and clinical aspects of human cases SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID LOCALIZED CUTANEOUS LEISHMANIASIS; LUTZOMYIA-ANTHOPHORA DIPTERA; NEOTOMA-MICROPUS; DERMAL LEISHMANIASIS; SAND FLIES; MEXICANA; PSYCHODIDAE; TRANSMISSION; AMERICA; STRAINS AB Twenty-seven autochthonous cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Texas were identified by contact with dermatologists and State Health Department officials, and by a review of medical records, pathology reports, and previously published case reports. Fifteen cases were previously unreported. Although the date of onset of the first recognized case was 1903, in 20 of the cases the date of onset of the lesion(s) was in 1980-1989. Twelve cases were female; 15 were male. Age at diagnosis ranged from two to 86 (median 37) years. The disease was identified significantly more frequently in younger males and older females. The distribution of cases closely followed the distribution of Neotoma micropus, a rodent host for Leishmania mexicana. The most common risk factor appeared to be residence or activity in close proximity to woodrat habitat. Two cases lived in central Texas; the remainder had a residence in, or history of travel to, southern Texas. A majority of cases were first recognized during the cooler months of the year. Most lesions began as papules or nodules that subsequently ulcerated. In 20 cases, a single lesion was present. Five cases had resolution of their lesions without receiving specific anti-leishmanial therapy; lesions of 17 resolved after treatment with a variety of therapies. One Life-long case of disseminated disease failed to respond to treatment, and four cases were lost to follow-up. A Leishmania-specific lymphocyte proliferation assay gave a positive response for four of five cases tested. Screening of 13 family members found no evidence of subclinical infection. These 27 cases, and two recently recognized cases reported in a note added in proof, indicate that cutaneous leishmaniasis may be more common in Texas than previously thought. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RP McHugh, CP (reprint author), ARMSTRONG LAB,OCCUPAT & ENVIRONM HLTH DIRECTORATE,BROOKS AFB,TX 78235, USA. NR 50 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DRIVE SUITE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 55 IS 5 BP 547 EP 555 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA VU702 UT WOS:A1996VU70200016 PM 8940988 ER PT J AU Warner, B Misra, M AF Warner, B Misra, M TI Understanding neural networks as statistical tools SO AMERICAN STATISTICIAN LA English DT Article DE artificial intelligencer; backpropagation; generalized linear model; nonparametric regression ID CLASSIFICATION; DIAGNOSIS AB Neural networks have received a great deal of attention over the last few years. They are being used in the areas of prediction and classification, areas where regression models and other related statistical techniques have traditionally been used. In this paper we discuss neural networks and compare them to regression models, We start by exploring the history of neural networks. This includes a review of relevant literature on the topic of neural networks. Neural network nomenclature is then introduced, and the backpropagation algorithm, the most widely used learning algorithm, is derived and explained in detail, A comparison between regression analysis and neural networks in terms of notation and implementation is conducted to aid the reader in understanding neural networks. We compare the performance of regression analysis with that of neural networks on two simulated examples and one example on a large dataset. Ws show that neural networks act as a type of nonparametric repression model, enabling us to model complex functional forms, We discuss when it is advantageous to use this type of model in place of a parametric regression model, as well as some of the difficulties in implementation. C1 USAF ACAD,COLORADO SPRINGS,CO 80840. RP Warner, B (reprint author), COLORADO SCH MINES,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. NR 58 TC 145 Z9 148 U1 3 U2 10 PU AMER STATISTICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1429 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0003-1305 J9 AM STAT JI Am. Stat. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 50 IS 4 BP 284 EP 293 DI 10.2307/2684922 PG 10 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA VZ175 UT WOS:A1996VZ17500002 ER PT J AU Hunt, JP Lentz, CW Cairns, BA Ramadan, FM Smith, DL Rutledge, R Meyer, AA Fakhry, SM AF Hunt, JP Lentz, CW Cairns, BA Ramadan, FM Smith, DL Rutledge, R Meyer, AA Fakhry, SM TI Management and outcome of splenic injury: The results of a five-year statewide population-based study SO AMERICAN SURGEON LA English DT Article ID ADULT RUPTURED SPLEEN; NONOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT; COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; BLUNT TRAUMA; SPLENORRHAPHY; CHILDREN; CRITERIA; SALVAGE; SAFE; CT AB Although splenectomy was the preferred method of treating the injured spleen in the past, the methods of splenorrhaphy and nonoperative management have appeared to gain in popularity. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the management of splenic injuries has changed over the course of time and if there has been any differences in the morbidity and mortality associated with different methods of treatment. We retrospectively examined the discharge records from 2627 patients with splenic injuries from the North Carolina Discharge Database. There were 2258 adults and 369 pediatric patients for evaluation. The rate of nonoperative therapy increased from 33.9 per cent to 46.3 per cent over the 5 years of the study, whereas the rate of splenectomy decreased from 52.9 per cent to 43.4 per cent over the same time period. Splenorrhaphy was used in approximately 10 per cent of the injuries over the course of the entire study period. Adults treated nonoperatively required late operation 6.0 per cent (49/811) of the time. The pediatric late operation rate for nonoperative management was 0.4 per cent(1/231). Reoperation after splenorrhaphy was 2.9 per cent(7/240) for adult patients and 4.3 per cent (2/47) for pediatric patients. The majority of adults (57.2%) with an Injury Severity Score (ISS) less than or equal to 15 were able to be cared for via nonoperative methods, whereas the majority of adults (66.4%) with an ISS > 15 required splenectomy. The majority of pediatric patients were able to be cared for in a nonoperative fashion in both the ISS less than or equal to 15 (83.4%) and ISS > 15 (45.5%). C1 WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,LACKLAND AFB,TX. UNIV S ALABAMA,MOBILE,AL 36688. RP Hunt, JP (reprint author), UNIV N CAROLINA,SCH MED,DEPT SURG,CB 7210,BURNETT WOMACK CLIN SCI BLDG,CHAPEL HILL,NC 27599, USA. NR 38 TC 32 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOUTHEASTERN SURGICAL CONGRESS PI ATLANTA PA 1776 PEACHTREE RD, NW., SUITE 410N, ATLANTA, GA 30309-2352 SN 0003-1348 J9 AM SURGEON JI Am. Surg. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 62 IS 11 BP 911 EP 917 PG 7 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA VP511 UT WOS:A1996VP51100008 PM 8895712 ER PT J AU Westermann, EB AF Westermann, EB TI The Holocaust course at the United States Air Force Academy SO ANNALS OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF POLITICAL AND SOCIAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on the Holocaust - Remembering for the Future CY MAR 13-17, 1994 CL BERLIN, GERMANY AB The stated mission of the United States Air Force Academy is to motivate and train the future leaders of the United States Air Force, to develop knowledge as well as character. In conjunction with this objective, the Academy's Department of History provided a 42-lesson course on the genocide of the European Jews during the National Socialist dictatorship. The course addressed the moral, political, and military aspects of the Nazi program of terror, propaganda, and eventually annihilation. Providing a concentrated and in-depth program on the attempted annihilation of the Jews offers a unique perspective to the students of a college known both for its academic excellence and its military reputation. Students are forced to wrestle with the moral dilemmas faced by members of the European Jewish community in the years between 1933 and 1945; given the role of military professionals, it is especially important that their training confronts them with the moral dilemmas that will arise when the execution of military orders may directly affect the life and death of innocent civilians. RP Westermann, EB (reprint author), USAF ACAD,COLORADO SPRINGS,CO 80840, USA. NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAGE SCIENCE PRESS PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 SN 0002-7162 J9 ANN AM ACAD POLIT SS JI Ann. Am. Acad. Polit. Soc. Sci. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 548 BP 116 EP 122 DI 10.1177/0002716296548001009 PG 7 WC Political Science; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Government & Law; Social Sciences - Other Topics GA VN208 UT WOS:A1996VN20800009 ER PT J AU Morton, CT AF Morton, CT TI Is research in normal and ill children involving radiation exposure ethical? SO ARCHIVES OF GENERAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Letter RP Morton, CT (reprint author), WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,DEPT AIR FORCE,2200 BERGQUIST DR,SUITE 1,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236, USA. NR 3 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0003-990X J9 ARCH GEN PSYCHIAT JI Arch. Gen. Psychiatry PD NOV PY 1996 VL 53 IS 11 BP 1059 EP 1059 PG 1 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA VR822 UT WOS:A1996VR82200010 PM 8911229 ER PT J AU deGraauw, T Haser, LN Beintema, DA Roelfsema, PR vanAgthoven, H Barl, L Bauer, OH Bekenkamp, HEG Boonstra, AJ Boxhoorn, DR Cote, J deGroene, P vanDijkhuizen, C Evers, J Feuchtgruber, H Frericks, M Genzel, R Haerendel, G Heras, AM vanderHucht, KA vanderHulst, T Huygen, R Jacobs, H Jakob, G Kamperman, T Katterloher, RO Kester, DJM Kunze, D Kussendrager, D Lahuis, F Lamers, HJGLM Leech, K vanderLei, S vanderLinden, R Luinge, W Lutz, D Melzner, F Morris, PW vanNguyen, D Ploeger, G Price, S Salama, A Schaeidt, SG Sijm, N Smoorenburg, C Spakman, J Spoon, H Steinmayer, M Stoecker, J Valentijn, EA Vandenbussche, B Visser, H Waelkens, C Waters, LBFM Wensink, J Wesselius, PR Wiezorrek, E Wieprecht, E Wijnbergen, JJ Wildeman, KJ Young, E AF deGraauw, T Haser, LN Beintema, DA Roelfsema, PR vanAgthoven, H Barl, L Bauer, OH Bekenkamp, HEG Boonstra, AJ Boxhoorn, DR Cote, J deGroene, P vanDijkhuizen, C Evers, J Feuchtgruber, H Frericks, M Genzel, R Haerendel, G Heras, AM vanderHucht, KA vanderHulst, T Huygen, R Jacobs, H Jakob, G Kamperman, T Katterloher, RO Kester, DJM Kunze, D Kussendrager, D Lahuis, F Lamers, HJGLM Leech, K vanderLei, S vanderLinden, R Luinge, W Lutz, D Melzner, F Morris, PW vanNguyen, D Ploeger, G Price, S Salama, A Schaeidt, SG Sijm, N Smoorenburg, C Spakman, J Spoon, H Steinmayer, M Stoecker, J Valentijn, EA Vandenbussche, B Visser, H Waelkens, C Waters, LBFM Wensink, J Wesselius, PR Wiezorrek, E Wieprecht, E Wijnbergen, JJ Wildeman, KJ Young, E TI Observing with the ISO Short-Wavelength Spectrometer SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE instrumentation, spectrographs; methods, data analysis; methods, observational; techniques, spectroscopic; infrared, general AB The Short-Wavelength Spectrometer (SWS) is one of the four instruments on-board ESA's Infrared Space Observatory (ISO), launched on November 17, 1995. The spectrometer covers the wavelength range of 2.38 to 4.2 mu m with a spectral resolution ranging from 1000 to 2000. By inserting Fabry-Perot filters the resolution can be enhanced by a factor 20 for the wavelength range from 11.4 to 44.5 mu m. An overview is given of the instrument, its in-orbit calibration, performance, observing modes and off-line processing software. C1 MAX PLANCK INST EXTRATERR PHYS, D-85740 GARCHING, GERMANY. ISO, SCI OPERAT CTR, DIV ASTROPHYS, ESA, E-28080 VILLAFRANCA, MADRID, SPAIN. SRON, NL-3584 CA UTRECHT, NETHERLANDS. KAPTEYN ASTRON INST, NL-9700 AV GRONINGEN, NETHERLANDS. USAF, PHILLIPS LAB, BEDFORD, MA 01731 USA. CATHOLIC UNIV LEUVEN, INST STERRENKUNDE, B-3001 HEVERLEE, BELGIUM. UNIV AMSTERDAM, ASTRON INST ANTON PANNEKOEK, NL-1098 SJ AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. UNIV ARIZONA, STEWARD OBSERV, TUCSON, AZ 85721 USA. DELFT UNIV TECHNOL, TNO, TECH PHYS DIENST, NL-2600 AD DELFT, NETHERLANDS. RP SPACE RES ORG NETHERLANDS, POB 800, NL-9700 AV GRONINGEN, NETHERLANDS. RI van der Hulst, J.M./D-1857-2012 NR 7 TC 521 Z9 521 U1 0 U2 3 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 315 IS 2 BP L49 EP L54 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VU266 UT WOS:A1996VU26600005 ER PT J AU Perault, M Omont, A Simon, G Seguin, P Ojha, D Blommaert, J Felli, M Gilmore, G Guglielmo, F Habing, H Price, S Robin, A deBatz, B Cesarsky, C Elbaz, D Epchtein, N Fouque, P Guest, S Levine, D Pollock, A Prusti, T Siebenmorgen, R Testi, L Tiphene, D AF Perault, M Omont, A Simon, G Seguin, P Ojha, D Blommaert, J Felli, M Gilmore, G Guglielmo, F Habing, H Price, S Robin, A deBatz, B Cesarsky, C Elbaz, D Epchtein, N Fouque, P Guest, S Levine, D Pollock, A Prusti, T Siebenmorgen, R Testi, L Tiphene, D TI First ISOCAM images of the Milky Way SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Galaxy, stellar content; interstellar medium, general; interstellar medium, dust, extinction; infrared, galaxies; infrared, stars AB ISOGAL is a 15 mu m ISOCAM survey of similar to 12 deg(2) in the Galactic Plane interior to \l\ = 45 degrees. In combination with IJK data from the near-infrared southern sky survey DENIS, the ISO images allow the first detailed study of stellar populations throughout the inner Galaxy. We present preliminary results from a test observation at l = -45 degrees with 6 '' pixels and completeness limit 8 mJy. Of the similar to 3000 sources deg(-2) detected, about half are KM giants, seen through extinction of up to A(v) similar to 30, while most of the remainder are probably dusty young stars. Although away from bright IRAS regions, the field displays spectacular emission features, and, unexpectedly, a number of regions which are optically thick at 15 mu m. The dark regions are presumably dense filaments with A(v) > 25. C1 CNRS, PARIS, FRANCE. CNRS, INST ASTROPHYS SPATIALE, F-91405 ORSAY, FRANCE. CNRS, INST ASTROPHYS PARIS, PARIS, FRANCE. OBSERV PARIS, F-75014 PARIS, FRANCE. ESOC, ISO, SCI OPERAT CTR, VILLAFRANCA, ITALY. OSSERV ASTROFIS ARCETRI, FLORENCE, ITALY. INST ASTRON, CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND. STERREWACHT LEIDEN, NL-2300 RA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS. USAF, GEOPHYS LAB, BEDFORD, MA 01731 USA. OBSERV BESANCON, BESANCON, FRANCE. CEA, SERV ASTROPHYS, SACLAY, FRANCE. EUROPEAN SO OBSERV, LA SILLA, CHILE. RP Perault, M (reprint author), ENS, LAB RADIOASTRON MILLIMETR, 46 RUE ULM, F-75230 PARIS 05, FRANCE. NR 8 TC 168 Z9 168 U1 0 U2 2 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 315 IS 2 BP L165 EP L168 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VU266 UT WOS:A1996VU26600033 ER PT J AU Osswald, S Miles, R Nixon, W Celio, P AF Osswald, S Miles, R Nixon, W Celio, P TI Review of cardiac events in USAF aviators SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID DISEASE MORTALITY-RATES; CORONARY HEART-DISEASE; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; UNITED-STATES; RISK-FACTORS; DEATH; FRAMINGHAM; DECLINE AB Introduction: The purpose of this study was to define the cardiac event rate in the U.S. Air Force (USAF) aviator population. Methods: Several sources of information were reviewed to search for individual USAF active duty pilots and navigators who had cardiac events (defined as myocardial infarction, angina and sudden cardiac death), while on unrestricted flying duties during the years 1988-92. Sources investigated included: USAF physical disability, casualty and medical evaluation board records, and records from the Aeromedical Consultation Service at Brooks AFB, TX. Results: There were 38 total cardiac events, with an average of 7.6 events per year. Myocardial infarctions occurred in 23 aviators, angina in 7 and sudden death in 8. The ages ranged from 31-53 yr with an average age of 44 yr. The 5-yr average annual event rate by age group was 0.0054% (30-34 yr), 0.018% (35-39 yr), 0.038% (40-44 yr), 0.14% (45-49 yr), and 0.13% (50-54 yr). Conclusions: Although the total number of cardiac events in our aviator population is low, the cardiac event rate in the older age groups is of concern and may warrant a more intensive screening program for that population. RP Osswald, S (reprint author), ARMSTRONG LAB,AEROMED CONSULTAT SERV,INTERNAL MED BRANCH,AOCI,2507 KENNEDY CIRCLE,BROOKS AFB,TX 78235, USA. NR 26 TC 17 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 67 IS 11 BP 1023 EP 1027 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA VP505 UT WOS:A1996VP50500002 PM 8908338 ER PT J AU Pilmanis, AA Meissner, FW Olson, RM AF Pilmanis, AA Meissner, FW Olson, RM TI Left ventricular gas emboli in six cases of altitude-induced decompression sickness SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY; BUBBLES AB Background: Ultrasonic techniques have demonstrated venous gas emboli (VGE) during exposure to high altitude. VGE per se have not been considered clinically hazardous. Arterial gas emboli (AGE), however, are viewed with great concern. The crossing-over of venous gas to the arterial circulation has not previously been seen in human subjects at altitude. This transfer may occur via either intracardiac defects, pulmonary shunts, or the pulmonary microcirculation. Methods: A non-invasive ultrasonic echo imaging Doppler system was used to monitor volunteer human subjects for gas emboli simultaneously in the right and left sides of the heart at simulated altitude in a chamber. Subjects found to have gas cross-over were evaluated for septal defects with either transthoracic or transesophageal echocardiography. Results: Previously unreported left ventricular gas emboli were observed with echo imaging in six subjects at altitude. In all six cases, at the time of AGE onset, the VGE scores were high from all monitored sites. Three subjects had no septal defect, another had a small sinus venosus defect, a third had a patent foramen ovate, and one was not available for evaluation. Five of the cases became symptomatic at the time of AGE onset. Conclusions: Operational altitude exposures known to elicit high VGE counts in the majority of people should be avoided because of an increased risk of right-to-left gas cross-over and resulting potential for severe cerebral symptomatology. C1 AEROSP MED DIRECTORATE,DIV CLIN SCI,BROOKS AFB,TX. KRUG LIFE SCI INC,SAN ANTONIO,TX. RP Pilmanis, AA (reprint author), ARMSTRONG LAB,CFTS,CREW SYST DIRECTORATE,CREW TECHNOL DIV,2504 GILLINGHAM DR,SUITE 1,BROOKS AFB,TX 78235, USA. NR 28 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 67 IS 11 BP 1092 EP 1096 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA VP505 UT WOS:A1996VP50500013 PM 8908349 ER PT J AU Yaszemski, MJ Payne, RG Hayes, WC Langer, R Mikos, AG AF Yaszemski, MJ Payne, RG Hayes, WC Langer, R Mikos, AG TI In vitro degradation of a poly(propylene fumarate)-based composite material SO BIOMATERIALS LA English DT Article DE poly(propylene fumarate); degradable polymers; composite materials; bone substitutes; beta-tricalcium phosphate ID TRABECULAR BONE AB We investigated the in vitro degradation of a novel degradable polymeric composite material being developed to function as a temporary replacement for trabecular bone. This material is based on a mixture of poly(propylene fumarate) cross-linked by N-vinyl pyrrolidone and includes sodium chloride and beta-tricalcium phosphate. Using an in vitro test in simulated body fluids, the compressive strengths and compressive moduli of two composite materials increased with degradation time and remained above the minimum values acceptable for trabecular bone substitutes. A compressive strength of 21.3 (+/- 0.4) MPa and a compressive modulus of 696 (+/- 53) MPa were measured after twelve weeks for a composite material with initial strength of 18.0 (+/- 4.6) MPa and initial modulus of 113(+/- 40) MPa. This unexpected phenomenon may prove to be useful for orthopaedic applications. (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Limited C1 WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,DEPT ORTHOPAED SURG,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78236. MIT,DEPT CHEM ENGN,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. RICE UNIV,DEPT CHEM ENGN,COX LAB BIOMED ENGN,HOUSTON,TX 77251. RICE UNIV,INST BIOSCI & BIOENGN,HOUSTON,TX 77251. HARVARD UNIV,BETH ISRAEL HOSP,SCH MED,ORTHOPAED BIOMECH LAB,BOSTON,MA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM 48086] NR 7 TC 96 Z9 100 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0142-9612 J9 BIOMATERIALS JI Biomaterials PD NOV PY 1996 VL 17 IS 22 BP 2127 EP 2130 DI 10.1016/0142-9612(96)00008-7 PG 4 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Engineering; Materials Science GA VQ135 UT WOS:A1996VQ13500002 PM 9035745 ER PT J AU Singh, MP Moore, M Niemeyer, D Mackrell, J DelVecchio, VG AF Singh, MP Moore, M Niemeyer, D Mackrell, J DelVecchio, VG TI Detection of mutations in p53 gene by a rapid non-isotopic PCR-based method. SO CLINICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV SCRANTON,INST MOL BIOL,SCRANTON,PA 18510. MERCY HOSP,SCRANTON,PA. 60TH MED GRP,TRAVIS AFB,CA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CLINICAL CHEMISTRY PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 L STREET NW, SUITE 202, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-1526 SN 0009-9147 J9 CLIN CHEM JI Clin. Chem. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 42 IS 11 BP 31 EP 31 PG 1 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA VQ332 UT WOS:A1996VQ33200067 ER PT J AU Ingari, JV Smith, DK Aufdemorte, TB Yaszemski, MJ AF Ingari, JV Smith, DK Aufdemorte, TB Yaszemski, MJ TI Anatomic significance of magnetic resonance imaging findings in hip fracture SO CLINICAL ORTHOPAEDICS AND RELATED RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID BONE AB This study was done to determine the histologic etiology for the linear black signal seen on magnetic resonance imaging at the site of proximal femoral fractures, No previous satisfactory explanation for this black line exists in the literature, To determine the pathologic etiology of this linear black signal, the magnetic resonance imaging appearances of osteotomies and fractures of proximal femora were correlated with gross and histologic appearances in 12 freshly frozen porcine hips, In phase 1, a unilateral femoral neck osteotomy was performed in 1 hip, and a sham operation was performed on the contralateral hip, The radiologist was able to easily determine the site and side of the osteotomy using magnetic resonance imaging, In phase 2, the remaining 8 femoral specimens were stressed using the 1125 Instron Materials Testing Machine in a compression mode, In the 8 specimens, 4 fractures were created that were visible on magnetic resonance imaging and plain radiographs; 2 fractures were apparent only on magnetic resonance images, and 2 specimens did not have fractures identified by plain radiographs or magnetic resonance images, Gross and microscopic analysis of the specimens confirmed the magnetic resonance imaging findings in all 8 cases (6 fractures and 2 nonfractures), Histologic evaluation showed trabecular impaction at the 6 fracture sites corresponding to the linear black signal on magnetic resonance images, No edema or hemorrhage was present in these postmortem specimens, The authors conclude that the low signal band seen with proximal femoral fractures is produced by impaction of the trabecular bone and is not the result of perifracture edema or hemorrhage. C1 WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,DEPT ORTHOPAED SURG,LACKLAND AFB,TX. NR 8 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0009-921X J9 CLIN ORTHOP RELAT R JI Clin. Orthop. Rel. Res. PD NOV PY 1996 IS 332 BP 209 EP 214 PG 6 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA VR304 UT WOS:A1996VR30400028 PM 8913165 ER PT J AU Voevodin, AA Phelps, AW Zabinski, JS Donley, MS AF Voevodin, AA Phelps, AW Zabinski, JS Donley, MS TI Friction induced phase transformation of pulsed laser deposited diamond-like carbon SO DIAMOND AND RELATED MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE diamond-like carbon; pulsed laser deposition; friction; wear ID TRIBOLOGICAL BEHAVIOR; FILMS; COATINGS; SILICON; STEEL; DLC; GRAPHITE; NITRIDE AB Structural transformations in the sliding friction of hydrogen-free diamond-like carbon (DLC) films prepared by pulsed laser deposition are investigated. Stainless steel disks were coated with 0.5 mu m thick DLC films, and ball-on-disk sliding experiments were performed with steel and sapphire balls in humid air, a nitrogen atmosphere, and under vacuum. Friction coefficients of about 0.1 are reported. The low friction is related to a friction induced transformation of the surface into a graphite-like phase and the formation of an adherent transfer film of this material on the counterface. Surface enhanced micro-Raman studies of the wear tracks, wear debris and the transfer film demonstrated that an sp(3) to sp(2) phase transition has occurred in the wear tracks on the DLC film surface. The formation of a graphite phase after several thousands of cycles caused a humidity sensitive behavior of the DLC films and an increase in the friction coefficient in high vacuum conditions. A lubricating sp(2)-rich layer on the surface of the hydrogen-free DLC films is proposed as the reason for their extremely low wear rates in ambient environments. C1 UNIV DAYTON, RES INST, MAT ENGN DIV, DAYTON, OH 45469 USA. RP USAF, WRIGHT LAB, MLBT, WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB, OH 45433 USA. RI Voevodin, Andrey/I-6684-2013; OI Phelps, Andrew/0000-0002-1160-4606 NR 33 TC 154 Z9 157 U1 1 U2 33 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-9635 EI 1879-0062 J9 DIAM RELAT MATER JI Diam. Relat. Mat. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 5 IS 11 BP 1264 EP 1269 DI 10.1016/0925-9635(96)00538-9 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA VH528 UT WOS:A1996VH52800006 ER PT J AU Won, AYJ Pires, JA Haroun, MA AF Won, AYJ Pires, JA Haroun, MA TI Stochastic seismic performance evaluation of tuned liquid column dampers SO EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING & STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS LA English DT Article DE earthquake loading; passive control; random vibrations; structural dynamics; tuned dampers ID VIBRATION; MOTION AB The seismic performance of Tuned Liquid Column Dampers (TLCDs) for the passive control of flexible structures is investigated using random vibration analysis. A non-stationary stochastic process with frequency and amplitude modulation is used to represent the earthquake strong motion, and a simple equivalent linearization technique is used to account for the non-linear damping force in the TLCD. The governing equations of motion for the structure TLCD system are formulated and reduced to a first-order state vector equation, from which the differential equation for the system response covariance matrix is obtained. The TLCD performance is evaluated on the basis of selected structural response statistics, namely, the expected maximum and root-mean-square displacements, and root-mean-square absolute accelerations and interstorey shears. A parametric study and sensitivity analysis are conducted to assess the TLCD performance and identify critical design parameters. Illustrative examples are presented using SDOF and MDOF shear-beam structural models, a wide-banded stationary random base acceleration and two non-stationary random input ground motions representative of long- and short-duration ground accelerations with significant low-frequency content. C1 UNIV CALIF IRVINE,DEPT CIVIL & ENVIRONM ENGN,IRVINE,CA 92717. RP Won, AYJ (reprint author), USAF ACAD,DEPT CIVIL ENGN,COLORADO SPRINGS,CO 80840, USA. NR 29 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 7 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0098-8847 J9 EARTHQUAKE ENG STRUC JI Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 25 IS 11 BP 1259 EP 1274 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9845(199611)25:11<1259::AID-EQE612>3.0.CO;2-W PG 16 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Geological SC Engineering GA VP804 UT WOS:A1996VP80400006 ER PT J AU Stephens, JP AF Stephens, JP TI Advances in signal processing technology for electronic warfare SO IEEE AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS MAGAZINE LA English DT Article AB The denial of effective communications by enemy forces during hostile military operations has been a primary concern for military commanders since the inception of radio communications on the battlefield before World War II. Since then, the electromagnetic environment has been in a constant state of evolution toward more sophisticated jam-resistant and convert forms of modulation. For example, exotic modulation techniques employing spread spectrum (SS) signaling are routinely used by our adversaries to provide their communication links an advantage over US and Allied jammers. More recently, these same spread spectrum modulation techniques are being refined to provide convert, low probability-of-intercept (LPI) features to the unintended interceptor. The thrust of this paper focuses on developments in the theory and algorithms for detection, characterization, and exploitation of advanced waveforms using new mathematical signal processing tools introduced within the past decade. Specifically, quadratic time-frequency signal representations, wavelet transforms, and cyclostationary signal processing are introduced. This overview demonstrates the importance of these advanced techniques in a clear and concise manner. Applications and future research activities are described in this significant area that is gaining much attention in a variety of technical fields. RP Stephens, JP (reprint author), WRIGHT LAB, AVION DIRECTORATE, RF TECHNOL DIV, ELECT COMBAT BRANCH, ELECT WARFARE DIV, WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 4 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0885-8985 J9 IEEE AERO EL SYS MAG JI IEEE Aerosp. Electron. Syst. Mag. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 11 IS 11 BP 31 EP 38 DI 10.1109/62.544024 PG 8 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA VR171 UT WOS:A1996VR17100012 ER PT J AU Courtney, C Demuth, G Martinez, V Rupp, R Eckhardt, D AF Courtney, C Demuth, G Martinez, V Rupp, R Eckhardt, D TI Breakout box and circuits for direct injection experiments of electromagnetic susceptibility of aircraft electronics SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY LA English DT Article ID MODE AB Often the determination of the electromagnetic susceptibility of an aircraft's electronics includes direct injection experiments, In that case, an interfering signal, possibly CW and/or transient in nature, is applied directly to the data bus and signal lines of the aircraft system under test, In the past, the frequency or spectrum of the injected signal was typically in the VHF regime and lower (<150 MHz), Recently, susceptibility of aircraft components to signals with spectrums to 1 GHz and higher have been of interest. Application and measurement of signals in these frequency regimes must be made with greater care since cable and component physical and electrical lengths can become significant fractions of a wavelength at the highest frequencies of interest. This paper describes a breakout box designed for narrow and wideband high-voltage direct injection experiments of aircraft 1553 bus systems to 1 GHz and higher, A description is given of the breakout box, Also presented is the design and analysis of the direct injection circuit, the voltage and current sensors, and the high-voltage wideband divider board. Frequency domain characterizations of the circuits are presented, and an example of wideband transient pulse injection, measurement, and compensation using the breakout box is given. C1 KAMAN SCI CORP,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87110. USAF,PHILLIPS LAB,WSM,ALBUQUERQUE,NM. FIORE IND INC,ALBUQUERQUE,NM. HEWLETT PACKARD CORP,COLORADO SPRINGS,CO. RP Courtney, C (reprint author), VOSS SCI,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87108, USA. NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9375 J9 IEEE T ELECTROMAGN C JI IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Compat. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 38 IS 4 BP 592 EP 599 DI 10.1109/15.544315 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA VU487 UT WOS:A1996VU48700007 ER PT J AU Zmuda, MA Tamburino, LA AF Zmuda, MA Tamburino, LA TI Efficient algorithms for the soft: Morphological operators SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PATTERN ANALYSIS AND MACHINE INTELLIGENCE LA English DT Article DE mathematical morphology; soft morphology; image processing algorithms; efficient algorithms AB This correspondence presents two soft morphological algorithms that process multiple images simultaneously. The first algorithm performs best when the structuring elements contain less than 19 points; whereas, the second algorithm should be used for larger structuring elements. Theoretical and experimental analyses show these algorithms are faster than the conventional algorithm. C1 USAF,WRIGHT LAB,AACA,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. RP Zmuda, MA (reprint author), UMI,3155 RES BLVD,KETTERING,OH 45420, USA. NR 10 TC 7 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 SN 0162-8828 J9 IEEE T PATTERN ANAL JI IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 18 IS 11 BP 1142 EP 1147 DI 10.1109/34.544086 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA VU159 UT WOS:A1996VU15900012 ER PT J AU Feldkamp, JR AF Feldkamp, JR TI Theoretical analysis of an impervious, heated-cylinder 'groundwater velocimeter' SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL AND ANALYTICAL METHODS IN GEOMECHANICS LA English DT Article DE groundwater; velocity; heat transquent; heated cylinder AB An isothermally heated, impervious cylinder, which is placed normal to the path of flowing groundwater, is theoretically evaluated for its potential to serve as a kind of 'groundwater velocimeter'. The essential task is to determine whether the variation in heat output along the cylinder perimeter is sufficiently large to permit measurement for typical groundwater velocities. Using finite elements, the governing equations of advective thermal transport in saturated porous media are solved to obtain the variation in heat output along the circumference of the heated cylinder. An annular region of different hydraulic conductivity is assumed to separate the cylinder from the surrounding formation. The creation of such a region during placement of a cylinder is inevitable. A parametric study led to the following conclusions: (1) A smaller cylinder radius is preferable since the time to achieve a particular degree of asymmetry in heat output is then greatly reduced, (2) An annular region of lower hydraulic conductivity, relative to formation, reduces output asymmetry by no more than 25%, but if hydraulic conductivity is increased, output asymmetry can increase several times. (3) For annular regions having a higher hydraulic conductivity than the surrounding formation, annular thickness is not important. (4) The least groundwater speed which may be accurately measured by such a device will depend heavily upon instrumentation but is tentatively placed at about 5.0 x 10(-5) cm/s. Theoretical results are approximately confirmed by preliminary experiments with a prototype device which has been constructed so as to directly measure the expected variation in thermal output. Partial construction details are provided. RP Feldkamp, JR (reprint author), APPL RES ASSOCIATES INC,BLDG 1117,139 BARNES DR,TYNDALL AFB,FL 32403, USA. NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0363-9061 J9 INT J NUMER ANAL MET JI Int. J. Numer. Anal. Methods Geomech. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 20 IS 11 BP 815 EP 830 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9853(199611)20:11<815::AID-NAG849>3.0.CO;2-7 PG 16 WC Engineering, Geological; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Engineering; Materials Science; Mechanics GA VU162 UT WOS:A1996VU16200003 ER PT J AU Leite, CC Jinkins, JR Bazan, C Reddy, S Xiong, L Yuh, WTC Simonson, T Castillo, M Rothman, MI Smirniotopoulos, JG AF Leite, CC Jinkins, JR Bazan, C Reddy, S Xiong, L Yuh, WTC Simonson, T Castillo, M Rothman, MI Smirniotopoulos, JG TI MR of subarachnoid seeding from CNS glial tumors SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NEURORADIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE brain tumor; gadolinium contrast agent; glial neoplasia; magnetic resonance imaging, brain; metastasis, brain; tumor seeding ID CENTRAL NERVOUS-SYSTEM; SUPRATENTORIAL MALIGNANT GLIOMAS; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID CYTOLOGY; GD-DTPA; LEPTOMENINGEAL METASTASIS; GADOPENTETATE DIMEGLUMINE; INTRACRANIAL EPENDYMOMAS; GLIOBLASTOMA-MULTIFORME; CEREBRAL GLIOBLASTOMA; PILOCYTIC ASTROCYTOMA AB Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to analyze the spectrum of findings in subarachnoid spread of primary glial neoplasms of the cerebral hemispheres, as revealed by gadolinium (Gd)-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRT). Methods: Fifteen patients with histologically proven primary cerebral glial tumors and remote areas of abnormal enhancement on Gd-MRT were reviewed retrospectively to assess the patterns of leptomeningeal spread of glial tumors, The proof of subarachnoid spread was by CSF analysis, open biopsy, and/or autopsy. Results: Gd-MRT demonstrated intraventricular seeding alone (n = 3); spinal subarachnoid space seeding alone (n = 4); cranial extraventricular subarachnoid space seeding alone (n = 6); combined cranial extraventricular and spinal subarachnoid space seeding (n = 1); and combined cranial intraventricular and cranial and spinal subarachnoid space seeding (n = 1). Conclusions: Craniospinal subarachnoid spread of primary cerebral glial neoplasia is not rare. Because of its wide spatial coverage and its sensitivity for detecting tumor, Gd-MRI is felt to be the method of choice for the evaluation of patients with clinically suspected subarachnoid seeding of glial tumors. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT RADIOL,NEURORADIOL SECT,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV IOWA,DEPT RADIOL,IOWA CITY,IA 52242. UNIV N CAROLINA,DEPT RADIOL,CHAPEL HILL,NC. UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT RADIOL,BALTIMORE,MD 21201. USAF,INST PATHOL,DEPT RADIOL PATHOL,WASHINGTON,DC. RI Smirniotopoulos, James/D-3726-2011; Leite, Claudia/B-6036-2013 NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 1079-8110 J9 INT J NEURORADIOL JI Int. J. Neuroradiol. PD NOV-DEC PY 1996 VL 2 IS 6 BP 561 EP 569 PG 9 WC Clinical Neurology; Neuroimaging; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA WB183 UT WOS:A1996WB18300008 ER PT J AU Pettit, CL Brown, DL Banford, MP Pendleton, E AF Pettit, CL Brown, DL Banford, MP Pendleton, E TI Full-scale wind-tunnel pressure measurements of an F/A-18 tail during buffet SO JOURNAL OF AIRCRAFT LA English DT Article ID VERTICAL FIN AB Tail buffet tests were performed on a full-scab, production model F/A-18 in the 80 by 120 Foot Wind Tunnel at NASA Ames Research Center. Steady and unsteady pressures were recorded on both sides of the starboard vertical fin, along with starboard and port fin-tip accelerations, The test matrix included an angle-of-attack range of 20-40 deg, a sideslip range of -16 to 16 deg, and freestream speeds up to 100 kn. The maximum speed corresponds to a Reynolds number of 1.23 x 10(7), based on the mean aerodynamic chord, and a Mach number of 0.15. The aircraft was equipped with removable leading-edge extension fences that are used in flight to reduce tail buffet loads, Steady and unsteady pressures are presented for selected test cases, along with steady and unsteady mot bending moments, Representative pressure, root bending moment, and acceleration power spectra are also discussed, as are selected pressure cross-spectral pressure densities. RP Pettit, CL (reprint author), USAF,WRIGHT LAB,FLIGHT DYNAM DIRECTORATE,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. RI Pettit, Chris/A-1073-2010 NR 13 TC 9 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0021-8669 J9 J AIRCRAFT JI J. Aircr. PD NOV-DEC PY 1996 VL 33 IS 6 BP 1148 EP 1156 DI 10.2514/3.47069 PG 9 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA VW162 UT WOS:A1996VW16200016 ER PT J AU Carlin, RT Fuller, J Kuhn, WK Lysaght, MJ Trulove, PC AF Carlin, RT Fuller, J Kuhn, WK Lysaght, MJ Trulove, PC TI Electrochemistry of room-temperature chloroaluminate molten salts at graphitic and nongraphitic electrodes SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ELECTROCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID IONIC LIQUIDS; SODIUM; CHLORIDE; ACIDITY; SYSTEM AB The electrochemistry of unbuffered and buffered neutral AlCl3-EMIC-MCl (EMIC = 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride and MCl = LiCl, NaCl or KCl) room-temperature molten salts was studied at graphitic and nongraphitic electrodes. In the case of the unbuffered 1:1 AlCl3:EMIC molten salt, the organic cation reductive intercalation at about -1.6V and the AlCl4- anion oxidative intercalation at about +1.8 V were evaluated at porous graphite electrodes. It was determined that the instability of the organic cation in the graphite lattice limits the performance of a dual intercalating molten electrolyte (DIME) cell based on this electrolyte. In buffered neutral 1.1:1.0:0.1 AlCl3:EMIC:MCl (MCl = LiCl, NaCl and KCl) molten salts, the organic cation was intercalated into porous and nonporous graphite electrodes with similar cycling efficiencies as the unbuffered 1:1 melt; however, additional nonintercalating processes were also found to occur between -1 and -1.6V in the LiCl and NaCl systems. A black electrodeposit, formed at -1.4V in the LiCl buffered neutral melt, was analysed with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction and was found to be composed of LiCl, metallic phases containing lithium and aluminium, and an alumina phase formed from reaction with the atmosphere. A similar film appears to form in the NaCl buffered neutral melt, but at a much slower rate. These films are believed to form by reduction of the AlCl4- anion, a process promoted by decreasing the ionic radius of the alkali metal cation in the molten salt. The partially insulating films may limit the usefulness of the LiCl and NaCl buffered neutral melts as electrolytes for rechargeable graphite intercalation anodes and may interfere with other electrochemical processes occurring negative of -1V. C1 USAF ACAD,FRANK J SEILER RES LAB,COLORADO SPRINGS,CO 80840. NR 33 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 1 U2 11 PU CHAPMAN HALL LTD PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8HN SN 0021-891X J9 J APPL ELECTROCHEM JI J. Appl. Electrochem. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 26 IS 11 BP 1147 EP 1160 PG 14 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA VU427 UT WOS:A1996VU42700009 ER PT J AU Demczyk, BG Naik, VM Lukaszew, A Naik, R Auner, GW AF Demczyk, BG Naik, VM Lukaszew, A Naik, R Auner, GW TI Interface structure and surface morphology of (Co, Fe, Ni)/Cu/Si(100) thin films SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID BCC TRANSFORMATION; FCC; ANISOTROPY; TRANSITION; CRYSTALS; CU(100); GROWTH; COPPER AB We have examined bilayer Co/Cu, Fe/Cu, and Ni/Cu films deposited by molecular-beam epitaxy on hydrogen-terminated [100] silicon substrates. The magnetic metal/copper interface was examined by atomic resolution transmission electron microscopy and compared with the surface morphology as depicted by atomic force microscopy. The general orientation relationships across the magnetic metal/copper interfaces were found to be: [001]Co, Ni parallel to[001]Cu; (010)Co, Ni parallel to(010)Cu and [001]Fe parallel to[001]Cu; (110)Fe parallel to(200)Cu. The latter system is equivalent to the [1(1) over bar1$]Fe parallel to[011]Cu and (110)Fe parallel to(100)Cu Pitsch relationship, as has been reported earlier. Furthermore, there was a general correlation between interfacial and surface roughness, indicating that the initial interface character is propagated throughout the film during growth. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 UNIV MICHIGAN,DEPT NAT SCI,DEARBORN,MI 48128. WAYNE STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,DETROIT,MI 48202. WAYNE STATE UNIV,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,DETROIT,MI 48202. RP Demczyk, BG (reprint author), USAF,ROME LAB,BEDFORD,MA 01731, USA. OI Naik, Vaman M/0000-0003-0022-2191 NR 16 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD NOV 1 PY 1996 VL 80 IS 9 BP 5035 EP 5038 DI 10.1063/1.363548 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA VN647 UT WOS:A1996VN64700034 ER PT J AU Lendenmann, U Spain, JC AF Lendenmann, U Spain, JC TI 2-Aminophenol 1,6-dioxygenase: A novel aromatic ring cleavage enzyme purified from Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes JS45 SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PROTOCATECHUATE 4,5-DIOXYGENASE; GENTISATE 1,2-DIOXYGENASE; PURIFICATION; METAPYROCATECHASE; ACID; 2,3-DIOXYGENASE; TESTOSTERONI; DIOXYGENASE; DEGRADATION; SEQUENCE AB Most bacterial pathways for the degradation of aromatic compounds involve introduction of two hydroxyl groups either ortho or para to each other, Ring fission then occurs at the bond adjacent to one of the hydroxyl groups, In contrast, 2-aminophenol is cleaved to 2-aminomuconic acid semialdehyde in the nitrobenzene-degrading strain Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes JS45. To examine the relationship between this enzyme and other dioxygenases, 2-aminophenol 1,6-dioxygenase has been purified by ethanol precipitation, gel filtration, and ion exchange chromatography. The molecular mass determined by gel filtration was 140,000 Da, Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed two subunits of 35,000 and 39,000 Da, which suggested an alpha(2) beta(2) subunit structure, Studies with inhibitors indicated that ferrous iron was the sole cofactor, The K-m values for 2-aminophenol and oxygen were 4.2 and 710 mu M, respectively, The enzyme catalyzed the oxidation of catechol, 6-amino-m-cresol, 2-amino-m-cresol, and 2-amino-4-chlorophenol. 3-Hydroxyanthranilate, protocatechuate, gentisate, and 3- and 4-methylcatechol were not substrates. The substrate range and the subunit structure are unique among those of the known ring cleavage dioxygenases. C1 EQL,AL,TYNDALL AFB,FL 32403. NR 35 TC 61 Z9 70 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 178 IS 21 BP 6227 EP 6232 PG 6 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA VP984 UT WOS:A1996VP98400020 PM 8892823 ER PT J AU Nelson, EJ Grissom, TE AF Nelson, EJ Grissom, TE TI Continuous gastric suctioning decreases measured esophageal temperature during general anesthesia SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MONITORING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 46th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Anesthesiologists CY OCT 21-25, 1995 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Soc Anesthesiologists DE gastrointestinal tract, esophagus; monitoring, temperature; equipment, stethoscope, esophageal AB Objective. This study sought to determine whether continuous gastric suctioning influences esophageal temperature measurements. Methods. This study evaluated 21 patients scheduled for extremity or lower abdominal surgery. After induction of general endotracheal anesthesia, an orogastric tube, and esophageal and nasopharyngeal temperature probes were placed in functional positions. Baseline esophageal (Tes) and nasopharyngeal (Tnas) temperatures were recorded and the orogastric tube was placed on continuous suction. After the first 11 patients (Group I) were studied, 10 additional patients (Group II) were studied with more frequent data collection to improve the time resolution of temperature changes. Temperatures were recorded for patients in Group I at 2 and 10 min with suctioning and 10 min after cessation of suctioning. In Group II, temperatures were recorded at 1, 2, 5 and 10 min with suctioning and 10 min after cessation of suctioning. Analysis of data was performed using repeated measures analysis of variance and paired t-tests with the Bonferroni correction. Results. In Group I, Tes decreased significantly from 35.9 +/- 0.2 degrees C (mean +/- SE) to 35.1 +/- 0.4 degrees C at 2 min and 34.8 +/- 0.3 degrees C at 10 min of suctioning (p < 0.01). Ten minutes after cessation of suctioning, Tes was not significantly different from the baseline measurement. Tnas did not change significantly over the 20 min observation period. In Group II, Tes continually decreased from 36.2 +/- 0.1 degrees C to 34.8 +/- 0.3 degrees C after 10 min of suctioning (p < 0.006) and returned to near baseline 10 min after cessation of suctioning. There was no significant change in Tnas over the 20 min observation period. Conclusion. We conclude that continuous gastric suctioning decreases esophageal temperature measurements. This phenomenon should be recognized as an artifactual change in esophageal temperature and not a reflection of core temperature. C1 WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,DEPT ANESTHESIOL,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236. NR 7 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0748-1977 J9 J CLIN MONITOR JI J. Clin. Monit. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 12 IS 6 BP 429 EP 432 DI 10.1007/BF02199703 PG 4 WC Anesthesiology SC Anesthesiology GA WZ059 UT WOS:A1996WZ05900002 PM 8982907 ER PT J AU Zhang, H Prasad, V Bliss, DF AF Zhang, H Prasad, V Bliss, DF TI Modeling of high pressure, liquid-encapsulated Czochralski growth of InP crystals SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article ID LEC GROWTH; GAAS; GENERATION; SIMULATION AB A high resolution numerical scheme based on multizone adaptive grid generation and curvilinear finite volume discretization has been implemented to simulate the high pressure, liquid-encapsulated Czochralski (HPLEC) growth of InP crystals and study the effect of gas recirculation on melt flow and crystal/melt interface shape. The model incorporates flows induced by buoyancy and capillary forces and by crystal and crucible rotations, as well as the radiation heat loss from the melt and the crystal surfaces. It is demonstrated that the thermal interaction between the gas and the melt must be accounted for to predict the interface shape and dynamics accurately. The numerical results demonstrate that the transport phenomena in a high pressure growth system is very complex. The temperature distribution in the crystal and the shape of the melt/crystal interface also change significantly with the size of the crystal. This has a strong influence on dislocations in the crystal as shown by the experiments of Kohiro et al. [J. Crystal Growth 158 (1996) 197] and Jordan et al. [J. Crystal Growth 70 (1984) 555]. C1 SUNY STONY BROOK,DEPT MECH ENGN,STONY BROOK,NY 11794. USAF,ROME LAB,BEDFORD,MA 01731. NR 24 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD NOV PY 1996 VL 169 IS 2 BP 250 EP 260 DI 10.1016/S0022-0248(96)00306-5 PG 11 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA VZ056 UT WOS:A1996VZ05600008 ER PT J AU Bates, CF Carnes, DL delRio, CE AF Bates, CF Carnes, DL delRio, CE TI Longitudinal sealing ability of mineral trioxide aggregate as a root-end filling material SO JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS LA English DT Article ID DENTIN PERMEABILITY; MICROLEAKAGE; LEAKAGE AB This study evaluated the ability of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) to seal the root end effectively, Seventy-six single-rooted, extracted human teeth were cleaned and shaped using a step-back technique, After root-end resection and ultrasonic preparation, 72 root sections were randomly allocated to three groups and filled with dental amalgam and cavity liner, Super-EBA, or MTA, Microleakage was assessed at 24 h, 72 h, 2 wk, 4 wk, 8 wk, and 12 wk, using a fluid filtration measurement system, MTA demonstrated excellent sealing ability throughout 12 wk of fluid immersion, comparable with that observed for Super-EBA, Microleakage in the MTA group, as well as the Super-EBA group, was significantly less (p < 0.05) than in the amalgam group at 24 h, 72 h, and 2 wk, At the subsequent periods, there were no significant differences among the three materials, In this study, MTA was determined to be superior to amalgam, and comparable with Super-EBA in preventing microleakage when used as a root-end filling. C1 WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,DEPT ENDODONT,LACKLAND AFB,TX. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SCH MED,DIV RES,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RP Bates, CF (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT ENDODONT,SCH DENT,7703 FLOYD CURL DR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. NR 11 TC 67 Z9 71 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0099-2399 J9 J ENDODONT JI J. Endod. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 22 IS 11 BP 575 EP 578 DI 10.1016/S0099-2399(96)80023-9 PG 4 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA VR806 UT WOS:A1996VR80600001 PM 9198409 ER PT J AU Kahler, SW Crooker, NU Gosling, JT AF Kahler, SW Crooker, NU Gosling, JT TI The topology of intrasector reversals of the interplanetary magnetic field SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS; SOLAR-WIND ELECTRONS; SECTOR BOUNDARIES; CLOUDS; EVENTS; ASSOCIATION; EVOLUTION; POLARITY; SHOCK; MODEL AB A technique has been developed recently to determine the polarities of interplanetary magnetic fields relative to their origins at the Sun by comparing energetic electron flow directions with local magnetic field directions. Here we use heat flux electrons from the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) plasma detector on the ISEE 3 spacecraft to determine the field polarities. We examine periods within well-defined magnetic sectors when the field directions appear to be reversed from the normal spiral direction of the sector. About half of these intrasector field reversals (IFRs) are cases in which the polarities match those of the surrounding sectors, indicating that those fields have been folded back toward the Sun. The more interesting cases are those with polarity reversals. We find no clear cases of isolated reverse polarity fields, which suggests that islands of reverse polarity in the solar source dipole field probably do not exist. The IFRs with polarity reversals are strongly associated with periods of bidirectional electron flows, suggesting that those fields occur only in conjunction with closed fields. We propose that both those IFRs and the bidirectional flows are signatures of coronal mass ejections (CMEs). In that case, many interplanetary CMEs are larger and more complex than previously thought, consisting of both open and closed field components. C1 BOSTON UNIV,CTR SPACE PHYS,BOSTON,MA 02215. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Kahler, SW (reprint author), USAF,PHILLIPS LAB,GPSG,HANSCOM AFB,BEDFORD,MA 01731, USA. NR 40 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD NOV 1 PY 1996 VL 101 IS A11 BP 24373 EP 24382 DI 10.1029/96JA02232 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VQ495 UT WOS:A1996VQ49500005 ER PT J AU Kahler, SW Kunches, JM Smith, DF AF Kahler, SW Kunches, JM Smith, DF TI Role of current sheets in the modulation of solar energetic particle events SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS; HELIOSPHERIC CURRENT SHEET; MEAN IONIC CHARGE; INTERPLANETARY SHOCKS; SMM OBSERVATIONS; SECTOR STRUCTURE; PROTON EVENTS; FIELD; ABUNDANCES; FLARES AB Recent results have clarified the way in which solar energetic (E > 10 MeV) particles (SEPs) are produced in the solar corona and interplanetary medium. The principal result is that most SEPs in large events are accelerated on open field Lines by large-scale shocks driven by coronal mass ejections (CMEs). However, the large range of timescales for different SEP events associated with solar source regions at comparable longitudes suggests that the shocks are somehow strongly modulated near the Sun. We investigate the possibility that the coronal streamer belt and current sheet provides a barrier for shock propagation and associated SEP acceleration, as suggested in several recent studies. We use solar flares as proxies for CMEs and plot on the Stanford source surface maps the positions of flares associated with large (F > 10 p/cm(2)sr s at E > 10 MeV) SEP events observed at the Earth. The basic question is whether SEPs are preferentially observed when the Earth occupies the same magnetic sector as the associated solar flare. We find that onset times, risetimes, and peak fluxes are essentially the same for SEP events with flares in the same sector as for those in the opposite polarity sectors. This suggests that the streamer structure has no detectible effect on the development of the shock and CME driver. We discuss several alternative possibilities to explain the large variation in SEP event timescales. C1 NOAA,SPACE ENVIRONM CTR,BOULDER,CO 80303. UNIV COLORADO,DEPT ASTROPHYS PLANETARY & ATMOSPHER SCI,BOULDER,CO 80309. RP Kahler, SW (reprint author), USAF,PHILLIPS LAB,GPSG,BEDFORD,MA 01731, USA. NR 64 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD NOV 1 PY 1996 VL 101 IS A11 BP 24383 EP 24391 DI 10.1029/96JA02446 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VQ495 UT WOS:A1996VQ49500006 ER PT J AU Rappaport, HL AF Rappaport, HL TI Field line integration and localized modes in the equatorial spread F SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRIC-FIELD; TURBULENCE; REGION AB The field line integrated Rayleigh-Taylor and localized mode models of the equatorial spread F (ESF) are unified by a variational principle. Those modes which can be analyzed by taking local approximations in two dimensions are considered. It is shown that the field line integrated Rayleigh-Taylor model can be interpreted as a one-term Rayleigh-Ritz approximation to the localized mode model of Basu and Coppi [1983]. In making this observation, the field line integration technique is generalized, so as to include the effects of the perturbation electric field parallel to the Earth's magnetic field. As additional terms are included into the Ritz sum, the growth rate found for ESF increases. At the smaller perpendicular wavelengths, localization of the electrostatic potential along the field line reduces the effects of E region loading. RP Rappaport, HL (reprint author), USAF,PHILLIPS LAB,DIV IONOSPHER EFFECTS,BEDFORD,MA 01731, USA. NR 22 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD NOV 1 PY 1996 VL 101 IS A11 BP 24545 EP 24551 DI 10.1029/96JA02174 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VQ495 UT WOS:A1996VQ49500020 ER PT J AU Butler, RJ Baughn, JW AF Butler, RJ Baughn, JW TI The effect of the thermal boundary condition on transient method heat transfer measurements on a flat plate with a laminar boundary layer SO JOURNAL OF HEAT TRANSFER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA Japanese DT Article DE forced convection; measurement techniques; transient and unsteady heat transfer C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DEPT MECH & AERONAUT ENGN,DAVIS,CA 95616. RP Butler, RJ (reprint author), USAF ACAD,DEPT AERONAUT,COLORADO SPRINGS,CO 80840, USA. NR 30 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 3 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 0022-1481 J9 J HEAT TRANS-T ASME JI J. Heat Transf.-Trans. ASME PD NOV PY 1996 VL 118 IS 4 BP 831 EP 837 DI 10.1115/1.2822577 PG 7 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Engineering GA VV656 UT WOS:A1996VV65600003 ER PT J AU Birkan, MA Myers, RM AF Birkan, MA Myers, RM TI Introduction to arcjets and are heaters: Research status and needs special section SO JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER LA English DT Editorial Material C1 NASA,LEWIS RES CTR,NYMA INC,CLEVELAND,OH. RP Birkan, MA (reprint author), USAF,OFF SCI RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20330, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0748-4658 J9 J PROPUL POWER JI J. Propul. Power PD NOV-DEC PY 1996 VL 12 IS 6 BP 1010 EP 1010 DI 10.2514/3.51467 PG 1 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA VT426 UT WOS:A1996VT42600002 ER PT J AU Birkan, MA AF Birkan, MA TI Arcjets and arc heaters: An overview of research status and needs SO JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER LA English DT Article ID CARBON-MONOXIDE; NONEQUILIBRIUM; NOZZLE AB Arcjets and arc heaters are important to a number of government-sponsored aerospace programs and share several common features. Placing satellites in orbit, maintaining proper orbit, and repositioning are major spacecraft mass drivers for a wide range of missions, Arcjets can reduce mission propulsion requirements in many cases and are of interest to many satellite users. Are heaters are critical to the future development of hypersonic combat ah-craft. Design and construction of a hypersonic aircraft for speeds of 4-5 km/s (Mach 12-15) will be complex and will require the development of high-performance are-heating facilities for the evaluation/validation of new airframe and propulsion technologies, The first objective of this overview is to provide a summary of the basic principles of arcjets and are heaters for readers unfamiliar with the field. The second objective is to describe fundamental research required to overcome the limitations of both devices, with an emphasis on common research areas. This overview is not comprehensive, but does include national research and development activities. It is intended as a guide to the organization of scientific research serving both arcjet and are-heater development communities. RP Birkan, MA (reprint author), USAF,OFF SCI RES,BOLLING AFB,WASHINGTON,DC 20332, USA. NR 63 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0748-4658 J9 J PROPUL POWER JI J. Propul. Power PD NOV-DEC PY 1996 VL 12 IS 6 BP 1011 EP 1017 DI 10.2514/3.24138 PG 7 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA VT426 UT WOS:A1996VT42600003 ER PT J AU Felderman, EJ Chapman, R Jacocks, JL Horn, DD Bruce, WE AF Felderman, EJ Chapman, R Jacocks, JL Horn, DD Bruce, WE TI High-pressure arc heater development and modeling: Status and requirements SO JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER LA English DT Article AB An are heater development program has been undertaken to develop a large, high-pressure, high-power are heater capability, A large, state-of-the-art segmented are heater (H3) has operated successfully and is scheduled to be fully operational at chamber pressures up to 100 atm with a total power of 60 MW in 1996, The H3 are heater is a 50% geometric scale-up of the existing Al segmented are heater and is designed to operate at 2.25 times the power of H1. Additionally, an extensive analytical capability to assist in the design and development of segmented are heaters has been developed. Available modeling techniques are reviewed, current modeling efforts are discussed, and areas needing additional effort are identified, Scaling laws/performance correlations have been used extensively and first-generation performance codes have been available for some 20 years, The basic components of a three-dimensional are heater code have been developed, extending a three-dimensional Navier-Stokes code by incorporating electromagnetic effects and a multidimensional radiation model. A near-electrode model has been developed for the interface between the flowing air and the solid electrode surface, Water-tunnel vortex-breakdown studies have been carried out to aid in understanding vortex behavior. Additional modeling work required to improve our understanding of are heater phenomenology include continued development of the three-dimensional code, extension of the near-electrode model to include nonequilibrium effects, and improved modeling for are path prediction. C1 MICRO CRAFT TECHNOL ARNOLD ENGN DEV CTR OPERAT,COMPUTAT FLUID DYNAM DEPT,ARNOLD AFB,TN 37389. RP Felderman, EJ (reprint author), MICRO CRAFT TECHNOL ARNOLD ENGN DEV CTR OPERAT,FACIL & SPACE TECHNOL DEPT,ARNOLD AFB,TN 37389, USA. NR 37 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0748-4658 J9 J PROPUL POWER JI J. Propul. Power PD NOV-DEC PY 1996 VL 12 IS 6 BP 1044 EP 1052 DI 10.2514/3.24142 PG 9 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA VT426 UT WOS:A1996VT42600007 ER PT J AU Felderman, EJ MacDermott, WN Fisher, CJ AF Felderman, EJ MacDermott, WN Fisher, CJ TI Near-electrode model for 100-standard atmosphere are discharges SO JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER LA English DT Article ID ARC AB The near-electrode region is important to the design of high-pressure electric are heaters, An understanding of the detailed physics of the discharge in the immediate region around the attachment to the electrode surfaces, where there is a rapid transition from gaseous to solid-state conduction of electrical current, is key to understanding such issues as electrode erosion and survival, A continuum model for the near-electrode region at high pressure is presented, extending from the now region all the way into a copper electrode, The gaseous part of the model is treated with a one-dimensional approximation, and the heat conduction in the solid material is analyzed in a three-dimensional reference frame that moves with the are attachment spot. Experimental data on the near-electrode region of high-pressure are heaters are very limited, they mainly consist of dimensions of are tracks and mass-loss measurements. Incorporating a field-emission boundary condition at the cathode spot and a nonequilibrium electron temperature at the anode spot yields results that agree with the data. RP Felderman, EJ (reprint author), ARNOLD ENGN DEV CTR,ARNOLD AFB,TN 37389, USA. NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0748-4658 J9 J PROPUL POWER JI J. Propul. Power PD NOV-DEC PY 1996 VL 12 IS 6 BP 1084 EP 1092 DI 10.2514/3.24147 PG 9 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA VT426 UT WOS:A1996VT42600012 ER PT J AU Horn, DD Felderman, EJ MacDermott, WN AF Horn, DD Felderman, EJ MacDermott, WN TI Impacts of external magnetic fields applied to high-pressure electric arc heaters SO JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER LA English DT Article AB Acceptable behavior of electrical are discharges inside high-power an, heaters usually requires the introduction of externally applied magnetic fields near the are terminations. The strength and spatial distribution of these fields are discussed for a typical configuration. The effects of the Lorentz force produced by these fields on the are discharge near the electrodes an evaluated in terms of azimuthal, axial, and radial components of the force. In general, there are only two possible states of the Lorentz force interaction with the are, one of which enhances the gas swirl and the are attachment, the other opposes the gas swirl and the are attachment. Simple rules are given for ensuring the proper polarity of the magnetic field to obtain the desired result. An analysis of the proper scaling of the magnetic field strength in conjunction with geometric scaling of the are heater shows that the magnetic field strength is only weakly dependent on scale. RP Horn, DD (reprint author), ARNOLD ENGN DEV CTR, ARNOLD AFB, TN 37389 USA. NR 6 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0748-4658 J9 J PROPUL POWER JI J. Propul. Power PD NOV-DEC PY 1996 VL 12 IS 6 BP 1093 EP 1098 DI 10.2514/3.24148 PG 6 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA VT426 UT WOS:A1996VT42600013 ER PT J AU Pobst, JA Spores, RA Schilling, JH Erwin, DA AF Pobst, JA Spores, RA Schilling, JH Erwin, DA TI Fluctuation of arcjet plume properties SO JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER LA English DT Article ID INDUCED FLUORESCENCE MEASUREMENTS; VELOCITY AB Physical properties in a 1-kW hydrogen arcjet plume are observed to fluctuate when power is supplied by night-type high-frequency switching power electronics. The arcjet power processing unit (PPU) Is observed to modulate electron density, electron temperature, and atomic excited state emission. Electron density and temperature are measured temporally by employing a triple langmuir probe in the arcjet plume. Emission is observed using spectroscopy techniques. Velocity fluctuations are also detected, though they appear not to be directly linked to the PPU frequency. Determination of species velocity using time-of-flight techniques is described and a connection between the plume emission and the electron temperature is discussed. C1 HUGHES STX CORP,EDWARDS AFB,CA 93524. UNIV SO CALIF,DEPT AEROSP ENGN,LOS ANGELES,CA 90089. RP Pobst, JA (reprint author), USAF,PHILLIPS LAB,PROP DIRECTORATE,EDWARDS AFB,CA 93524, USA. NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0748-4658 J9 J PROPUL POWER JI J. Propul. Power PD NOV-DEC PY 1996 VL 12 IS 6 BP 1107 EP 1113 DI 10.2514/3.24150 PG 7 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA VT426 UT WOS:A1996VT42600015 ER PT J AU Burtner, D Keefer, D Ruyten, W AF Burtner, D Keefer, D Ruyten, W TI Low-power ammonia arcjet: Numerical simulations and laser-induced fluorescence measurements SO JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER LA English DT Article ID ARGON; PLASMAS AB Numerical simulations were performed for a 1-kW ammonia arcjet using the University of Tennessee Space Institute equilibrium arcjet computational code. Thrust predicted by the code was compared with experimental data obtained from a thrust stand, and calculations of exit plane now conditions were compared with data obtained from multiplexed laser induced fluorescence (LIF) experiments. The code predictions for thrust follow the same trends as the experimentally measured values, but they significantly overpredict the absolute values. Multiplexed LIF experiments were performed using both atomic nitrogen and atomic hydrogen in the plume. When nitrogen is used the effects of scattering can be significantly reduced by spectral discrimination of the fluorescence. The experiments reveal that the two species have different velocities at a position 1 mm downstream from the nozzle exit plane. The code predictions of the velocity at the exit plane have been compared with the LIF experiments. These comparisons were not conclusive because the propellant velocity can change significantly between the exit plane, where the code predictions are made, and 1 mm downstream, where the LIF measurements are made. The discrepancy between these code predictions and the experimental results highlight the inadequacy of equilibrium computational codes to accurately simulate arcjet flows. C1 SVERDRUP TECHNOL INC,ARNOLD AFB,TN 37389. RP Burtner, D (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,INST SPACE,CTR LASER APPLICAT,TULLAHOMA,TN 37388, USA. NR 23 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0748-4658 J9 J PROPUL POWER JI J. Propul. Power PD NOV-DEC PY 1996 VL 12 IS 6 BP 1123 EP 1128 DI 10.2514/3.24152 PG 6 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA VT426 UT WOS:A1996VT42600017 ER PT J AU Glawe, DD Samimy, M Nejad, AS Chen, TH AF Glawe, DD Samimy, M Nejad, AS Chen, TH TI Effects of nozzle geometry on parallel injection into a supersonic flow SO JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER LA English DT Article ID FREE SHEAR LAYERS; AXISYMMETRICAL JET AB Fuel injection from the base of a two-dimensional extended strut bounded above and below by nominal Mach 2 freestreams was investigated, Without injection, a two-dimensional wake now exists behind the base of the strut. When fuel, simulated with helium, is injected parallel to the nominal Mach 2 freestreams, a highly three-dimensional complex how-held results. The behavior of the flowfield generated by a circular injection nozzle was compared to the results obtained using two asymmetric nozzle geometries: 1) an elliptic nozzle and 2) a circular nozzle with vortex-generating tabs. The results show that the injected fuel jets are confined to the wake region downstream of the strut; thus the spread of the jets in the transverse direction is highly limited. The jet emanating from the circular nozzle with two tabs oriented normal to the span of the extended strut exhibited the best mixing. The second best mixing was exhibited by the elliptic nozzle, with its major axis normal to the span of the extended strut. C1 USAF,WRIGHT LAB,ADV PROP DIV,EXPT RES BRANCH,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. TAITECH INC,BEAVERCREEK,OH 45440. RP Glawe, DD (reprint author), OHIO STATE UNIV,DEPT MECH ENGN,COLUMBUS,OH 43210, USA. NR 29 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 5 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0748-4658 J9 J PROPUL POWER JI J. Propul. Power PD NOV-DEC PY 1996 VL 12 IS 6 BP 1159 EP 1168 DI 10.2514/3.24156 PG 10 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA VT426 UT WOS:A1996VT42600021 ER PT J AU Mattie, PA Phoenix, RD AF Mattie, PA Phoenix, RD TI A precise design and fabrication method for metal base maxillary complete dentures SO JOURNAL OF PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY LA English DT Article AB Metal bases sometimes are used to enhance the physical properties of complete dentures. Unfortunately, improper positioning of metal-resin finish lines may adversely affect phonetics. In the past, placement of these finish lines has been somewhat arbitrary, This article describes a precise method for the placement and contour of metal-resin finish lines. The resultant prostheses should exhibit surfaces that reestablish proper anatomic, physiologic, and phonetic contours. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT PROSTHODONT,SAN ANTONIO,TX. USAF,DEPT PROSTHODONT,BARKSDALE AFB,LA. NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0022-3913 J9 J PROSTHET DENT JI J. Prosthet. Dent. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 76 IS 5 BP 496 EP 499 DI 10.1016/S0022-3913(96)90007-4 PG 4 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA VR629 UT WOS:A1996VR62900008 PM 8933439 ER PT J AU Taft, RM Cameron, SM Knudson, RC Runyan, DA AF Taft, RM Cameron, SM Knudson, RC Runyan, DA TI The effect of primers and surface characteristics on the adhesion-in-peel force of silicone elastomers bonded to resin materials SO JOURNAL OF PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY LA English DT Article AB Facial prostheses, when used in conjunction with craniofacial implants, require a retentive matrix to hold attachments and/or magnets. The retentive matrix is usually fabricated with autopolymerizing acrylic resin or a visible light-polymerized resin. The purpose of this study was to compare the adhesion-in-peel force of a silicone adhesive to autopolymerizing polymethyl methacrylate and light-polymerizing urethane dimethacrylate gel with two surface textures: (1) pumice polish only or (2) pumice polish and bead retention, and two surface primers: (1) Dow Corning 1205 primer or (2) Dow Corning S-2260 primer. The 1205 primer produced an adhesion-in-peel force that was statistically significantly stronger (p <0.05) regardless of which type of resin or surface preparation was used. C1 USN,MED CTR,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152. EISENHOWER ARMY MED CTR,PROSTHODONT RESIDENCY PROGRAM,FT GORDON,GA. WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236. USA,DENT ACTIV,FT GORDON,GA 30905. NR 11 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 3 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0022-3913 J9 J PROSTHET DENT JI J. Prosthet. Dent. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 76 IS 5 BP 515 EP 518 DI 10.1016/S0022-3913(96)90010-4 PG 4 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA VR629 UT WOS:A1996VR62900011 PM 8933442 ER PT J AU Young, RP Smith, ME AF Young, RP Smith, ME TI Predictions of counterfire impact results obtained at 12 kilometers per second SO JOURNAL OF SPACECRAFT AND ROCKETS LA English DT Article AB The Arnold Engineering Development Center has completed the demonstration of a unique test capability known as counterfire The counterfire technique is capable of providing: impact data in the velocity range from 7 to 14 km/s for the evaluation of lightweight shielding and validation of impact codes. The counterfire technique can provide hypervelocity impact data resulting from the intercept of two projectiles launched from opposing two-stage light-gas guns. Currently, live counterfire demonstration tests have been attempted resulting in four intercepts with closing velocities of approximately 12 km/s. Impact data were obtained using both semi-infinity and multiplate targets. The successful demonstration of the counterfire test technique las resulted in a unique set of data available for the verification/validation of hydrocodes and analytical models for impact velocities that had previously been beyond the testable regime using two-stage light-gas guns. Impact data obtained using the counterfire technique is compared with predictions from various empirical models and calculations from the hydrocodes. The findings suggest that extrapolation of empirical models and the use of hydrocode predictions at impact velocities outside the validated regime may lead to erroneous results. RP Young, RP (reprint author), ARNOLD ENGN DEV CTR,ARNOLD AFB,TN 37389, USA. NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0022-4650 J9 J SPACECRAFT ROCKETS JI J. Spacecr. Rockets PD NOV-DEC PY 1996 VL 33 IS 6 BP 776 EP 780 DI 10.2514/3.26837 PG 5 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA VX930 UT WOS:A1996VX93000003 ER PT J AU DeSalvo, GC Bozada, CA Ebel, JL Look, DC Barrette, JP Cerny, CLA Dettmer, RW Gillespie, JK Havasy, CK Jenkins, TJ Nakano, K Pettiford, CI Quach, TK Sewell, JS Via, GD AF DeSalvo, GC Bozada, CA Ebel, JL Look, DC Barrette, JP Cerny, CLA Dettmer, RW Gillespie, JK Havasy, CK Jenkins, TJ Nakano, K Pettiford, CI Quach, TK Sewell, JS Via, GD TI Wet chemical digital etching of GaAs at room temperature SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID SURFACE PROCESSES; GALLIUM-ARSENIDE; BEAM; SI AB A new room temperature wet chemical digital etching technique for GaAs is presented which uses hydrogen peroxide and an acid in a two-step etching process to remove GaAs in approximately 15 Angstrom increments. In the first step, GaAs is oxidized by 30% hydrogen peroxide to form an oxide layer that is diffusion limited to a thickness of 14 to 17 Angstrom for time periods from 15 to 120 s. The second step removes this oxide layer with an acid that does not attack unoxidized GaAs. These steps are repeated in succession until the desired etch depth is obtained. Experimental results are presented for this digital etching technique demonstrating the etch rate and process invariability with respect to hydrogen peroxide and acid exposure times. RP DeSalvo, GC (reprint author), USAF,WRIGHT LAB,AVION DIRECTORATE,ELECTRON DEVICES DIV,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. RI Schaff, William/B-5839-2009 NR 26 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 2 U2 11 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 143 IS 11 BP 3652 EP 3656 DI 10.1149/1.1837266 PG 5 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA VU821 UT WOS:A1996VU82100045 ER PT J AU Ai, B Knize, RJ AF Ai, B Knize, RJ TI Degenerate four-wave mixing in two-level saturable absorbers SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ATOMIC VAPOR; MEDIA AB A calculation of degenerate four-wave mixing in a homogeneously broadened two-level saturable absorber is presented. An analytical formula for the local electric dipole polarization responsible for degenerate four-wave mixing is derived for arbitrary electric-field strengths. The overall efficiency of the medium is calculated by numerically solving the coupled wave equations with the use of the phase-matching electric dipole polarization. Solutions are presented when the laser is tuned on and off resonance for various input laser intensities and linear absorption coefficients. Optimal conditions for maximum efficiency are discussed. (C) 1996 Optical Society of America. C1 USAF ACAD,DEPT PHYS,COLORADO SPRINGS,CO 80840. RP Ai, B (reprint author), UNIV SO CALIF,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,LOS ANGELES,CA 90089, USA. NR 21 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0740-3224 J9 J OPT SOC AM B JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 13 IS 11 BP 2408 EP 2419 DI 10.1364/JOSAB.13.002408 PG 12 WC Optics SC Optics GA VT941 UT WOS:A1996VT94100006 ER PT J AU Cornwell, LR Hartwig, KT Goforth, RE Semiatin, SL AF Cornwell, LR Hartwig, KT Goforth, RE Semiatin, SL TI The equal channel angular extrusion process for materials processing SO MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION LA English DT Article AB By the forcing of a bar of metal through a square tube of constant cross section that contains a sharp corner, simple shear is produced in the bar. Repeating the process several times results in a very large amount of strain. This paper describes the application of this technique to processing aluminum alloys for submicrometer grain size, deforming copper niobium alloy to increase the strength and extruding gamma titanium aluminide. The application of this process to materials for specific purposes is also discussed. (C) Elsevier Science Inc., 1996. C1 USAF,WRIGHT LAB,MAT DIRECTORATE,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. RP Cornwell, LR (reprint author), TEXAS A&M UNIV,DEPT MECH ENGN,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843, USA. RI SEMIATIN, SHELDON/E-7264-2017 NR 6 TC 40 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 1044-5803 J9 MATER CHARACT JI Mater. Charact. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 37 IS 5 BP 295 EP 300 DI 10.1016/S1044-5803(97)80018-6 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA WV387 UT WOS:A1996WV38700005 ER PT J AU Ashbee, KHG AF Ashbee, KHG TI Bulk ultrahigh-modulus polyethylene SO MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION LA English DT Article AB Owing to the difficulty of wetting polyethylene, its various high modulus fiber forms have not found favor as inexpensive room temperature reinforcement materials. To obviate this problem, attempts have been made to use, as matrix material for ultrahigh modulus polyethylene fibers, both low and high density modifications of bulk polyethylene. Here, a different approach has been adopted-namely, to exploit the non-crystalline surface layer characteristic of the fiber to bind fibers together to form a usable monolithic solid. (C) Elsevier Science Inc. 1996. C1 USAF,WRIGHT LAB,MAT DIRECTORATE,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 1044-5803 J9 MATER CHARACT JI Mater. Charact. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 37 IS 5 BP 343 EP 347 DI 10.1016/S1044-5803(96)00176-3 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA WV387 UT WOS:A1996WV38700009 ER PT J AU Jones, H AF Jones, H TI Shedding light on vibration SO MECHANICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article RP Jones, H (reprint author), SVERDRUP TECHNOL INC,INSTRUMENTAT DEPT,ARNOLD ENGN DEV CTR,ARNOLD AFB,TN 37389, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 0025-6501 J9 MECH ENG JI Mech. Eng. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 118 IS 11 BP 94 EP 97 PG 4 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA WA230 UT WOS:A1996WA23000040 ER PT J AU Nicolaou, PD Semiatin, SL AF Nicolaou, PD Semiatin, SL TI High-temperature deformation and failure of an orthorhombic titanium aluminide sheet material SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID BEHAVIOR; ALPHA-2 AB The high-temperature deformation and failure behavior of an orthorhombic titanium aluminide sheet alloy (fabricated by diffusion bonding of six thin foils) was established by conducting uniaxial tension and plane-strain compression tests at 980 degrees C and strain rates between 10(-4) and 10(-2) s(-1). The stress-strain response was characterized by a peak stress at low strains followed by moderate flow softening. Values of the strain-rate sensitivity index (m) were between 0.10 and 0.32, and the plastic anisotropy parameter (R) was of the order of 0.6 to 1.0. Cavity nucleation and growth were observed during tensile deformation at strain rates of 10(-3) s(-1) and higher. However, the combined effects of low m, low cavity growth rate eta, and flow softening were deduced to be the source of failure controlled by necking and flow localization rather than cavitation-induced fracture prior to necking. C1 USAF,WRIGHT LAB,MLLN,MAT DIRECTORATE,MET & CERAM DIV,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. RP Nicolaou, PD (reprint author), UNIVERSAL ENERGY SYST INC,MAT & PROC DIV,DAYTON,OH 45432, USA. RI SEMIATIN, SHELDON/E-7264-2017 NR 22 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 27 IS 11 BP 3675 EP 3681 DI 10.1007/BF02595459 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA VT798 UT WOS:A1996VT79800032 ER PT J AU Love, GD AF Love, GD TI The unbounded nature of geometrical and dynamical phases in polarization optics SO OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID LIGHT; SHIFTER AB An analysis of two experiments which have been used to demonstrate that the Pancharatnam phase is unbounded is presented. This highlights the origin of both the geometrical and the dynamical components of the observed phase changes, and clarifies the differences between geometrical and dynamical phase shifts > 2 pi. C1 UNIV NEW MEXICO,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. RP Love, GD (reprint author), USAF,PHILLIPS LAB,3550 ABERDEEN SE PL-LIMS,KIRTLAND AFB,NM 87117, USA. RI Love, Gordon/A-3071-2011 OI Love, Gordon/0000-0001-5137-9434 NR 13 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0030-4018 J9 OPT COMMUN JI Opt. Commun. PD NOV 1 PY 1996 VL 131 IS 4-6 BP 236 EP 240 DI 10.1016/0030-4018(96)00376-8 PG 5 WC Optics SC Optics GA VN287 UT WOS:A1996VN28700004 ER PT J AU Warren, TA Finder, SF Brier, KL Ries, AJ Weber, MP Miller, MR Potyk, RP Reeves, CS Moran, EL Tornow, JJ AF Warren, TA Finder, SF Brier, KL Ries, AJ Weber, MP Miller, MR Potyk, RP Reeves, CS Moran, EL Tornow, JJ TI A cost-effectiveness analysis of typhoid fever vaccines in US military personnel SO PHARMACOECONOMICS LA English DT Article ID CAPSULAR POLYSACCHARIDE VACCINE; SALMONELLA-TYPHI; ENTERIC INFECTIONS; TY21A; VI; IMMUNIZATION; STRAIN; TRAVELERS; NEPAL AB Typhoid fever has been a problem for military personnel throughout history. A cost-effectiveness analysis of typhoid fever vaccines from the perspective of the US military was performed. Currently 3 vaccine preparations are available in the US: an oral live Type 21A whole cell vaccine; a single-dose parenteral, cell subunit vaccine; and a 2-dose parenteral heat-phenol killed, whole cell vaccine. This analysis assumed all vaccinees were US military personnel. Two pharmacoeconomic models were developed, one for personnel who have not yet been deployed, and the other for personnel who are deployed to an area endemic for typhoid fever. Drug acquisition, administration, adverse effect and lost work costs, as well as the costs associated with typhoid fever, were included in this analysis. Unique military issues, typhoid fever attack rates, vaccine efficacy, and compliance with each vaccine's dosage regimen were included in this analysis. A sensitivity analysis was performed to test the robustness of the models. Typhoid fever immunisation is not cost-effective for US military personnel unless they are considered imminently deployable or are deployed. The most cost-effective vaccine for US military personnel is the single-dose, cell subunit parenteral vaccine. RP Warren, TA (reprint author), WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,DEPT PHARM,PSDP,2200 BERGQUIST DR,SUITE 1,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236, USA. NR 32 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 4 PU ADIS INTERNATIONAL LTD PI AUCKLAND PA 41 CENTORIAN DR, PRIVATE BAG 65901, MAIRANGI BAY, AUCKLAND 10, NEW ZEALAND SN 1170-7690 J9 PHARMACOECONOMICS JI Pharmacoeconomics PD NOV PY 1996 VL 10 IS 5 BP 475 EP 483 PG 9 WC Economics; Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Business & Economics; Health Care Sciences & Services; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA VQ307 UT WOS:A1996VQ30700005 PM 10163629 ER PT J AU Nathan, V AF Nathan, V TI Laser-induced upset of HgCdTe IR detectors SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI A-APPLIED RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID MINORITY-CARRIER LIFETIME; DEEP LEVEL; HG1-XCDXTE AB The fluences of pulsed lasers of wavelength 4 and 10.6 mu m necessary to induce one and two orders of magnitude temporary degradation in the R(0)A values of Hg0.7Cd0.3Te p/n infrared detectors at 100 K, and Hg0.78Cd0.22Te p/n infrared detectors at 40 K have been calculated. A nonparabolic energy-momentum relationship and temperature dependent energy gap of HgCdTe were used in this calculation. The R(0)A values used in this calculation were obtained by simultaneously including generation-recombination, diffusion, and tunneling mechanisms. RP Nathan, V (reprint author), USAF,PHILLIPS LAB,VTRP,3350 ABERDEEN AVE SE,KIRTLAND AFB,NM 87117, USA. NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AKADEMIE VERLAG GMBH PI BERLIN PA MUHLENSTRASSE 33-34, D-13187 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0031-8965 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI A JI Phys. Status Solidi A-Appl. Res. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 158 IS 1 BP 297 EP 302 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA VY728 UT WOS:A1996VY72800031 ER PT J AU Parrot, M Trotignon, JG Rauch, JL Woolliscroft, LJC Kingsley, SP Cerisier, JC Blanc, E Fry, CD Yowell, RJ AF Parrot, M Trotignon, JG Rauch, JL Woolliscroft, LJC Kingsley, SP Cerisier, JC Blanc, E Fry, CD Yowell, RJ TI An ionospheric sounder for the Mars landers SO PLANETARY AND SPACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on INTERMARSNET CY SEP 28-30, 1995 CL CAPRI, ITALY SP European Space Agcy ID RADIO OCCULTATION METHODS; VENUS; ORBITER; PLASMA AB The planet Mars has been visited in the past by orbital probes and landers to study the atmosphere and the ground. But despite these numerous missions, more than 20 years ago, many parameters and phenomena are not known at this time. The large possibilities given by new technologies, in terms of weight and power consumption, allow the realization of new experiments at the surface of Mars. The aim is to propose the installation of a bottomside ionospheric sounder. This instrument will contribute to our scientific understanding of Mars. It will answer one of the main scientific objectives of the IMEWG (International Mars Exploration Working Group) mission scenario: the characterization of the Martian upper atmosphere and its interaction with the solar wind. Ionospheric sounding is a well-known technique at the surface of the Earth which has proven to be very useful for the study of the lower ionosphere. The principle is to transmit a radio pulse vertically and to measure the time which elapses before the echo is received. By varying the frequency of the pulse carrier wave, a plot can be obtained of echo delay versus frequency. It gives information about the propagation medium. The scientific objectives are described which can be achieved with such an experiment and the parameters which can be measured underlining the specificity of the Martian atmosphere are given. The theoretical scientific background of this sounder is briefly described and, finally, its feasibility is discussed. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd C1 UNIV SHEFFIELD, DEPT AUTOMAT CONTROL & SYST ENGN, SHEFFIELD S1 4DU, S YORKSHIRE, ENGLAND. UNIV SHEFFIELD, DEPT ELECT & ELECT ENGN, SHEFFIELD S1 4DU, S YORKSHIRE, ENGLAND. CETP, OBS ST MAUR, F-94107 ST MAUR DES FOSSES, FRANCE. CTR ETUD BRUYERES LE CHATEL, LDG, F-91680 BRUYERES LE CHATEL, FRANCE. MISSION RES CORP, NASHUA, NH USA. USAF, INST TECHNOL, DEPT ELECT ENGN, WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Parrot, M (reprint author), CNRS, LPCE, 3A AVE RECH, F-45071 ORLEANS 02, FRANCE. RI Blanc, Elisabeth/D-3890-2009 OI Blanc, Elisabeth/0000-0002-1599-4736 NR 28 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0032-0633 J9 PLANET SPACE SCI JI Planet Space Sci. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 44 IS 11 BP 1451 EP 1455 DI 10.1016/S0032-0633(96)00071-2 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA WC340 UT WOS:A1996WC34000021 ER PT J AU Bostwick, JM AF Bostwick, JM TI Dextromethorphan-induced manic symptoms in a bipolar patient on lithium SO PSYCHOSOMATICS LA English DT Letter ID PSYCHOSIS; ABUSE RP Bostwick, JM (reprint author), WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236, USA. OI Griffith, James/0000-0002-6868-5531 NR 8 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0033-3182 J9 PSYCHOSOMATICS JI Psychosomatics PD NOV-DEC PY 1996 VL 37 IS 6 BP 571 EP 572 PG 2 WC Psychiatry; Psychology SC Psychiatry; Psychology GA VQ011 UT WOS:A1996VQ01100012 PM 8942208 ER PT J AU Sene, DE Bright, VM Comtois, JH Grantham, JW AF Sene, DE Bright, VM Comtois, JH Grantham, JW TI Polysilicon micromechanical gratings for optical modulation SO SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT IEEE 9th Annual International Workshop on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems - An Investigation of Micro Structures, Sensors, Actuators, Machines and Systems CY FEB 11-15, 1996 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP IEEE Robot & Automat Soc DE gratings; surface micromachining; polysilicon; microelectromechanical systems AB Vertically and laterally moving surface-micromachined polysilicon microelectromechanical gratings have been designed for optical switching and modulation applications. Analytical models for the gratings are developed using optical diffraction theory. Example gratings have been fabricated in the ARPA sponsored Multi-User MEMS Process (MUMPS), and test results of the fabricated gratings are shown to have good agreement with the model. The vertically moving grating achieved an 18.1 dB contrast ratio between maximum and minimum intensity of the first diffracted order with a drive voltage of only 3 V at modulation rates up to 110 kHz, making it an excellent candidate for an optical switch. The laterally moving grating is demonstrated as a switch for transferring energy between the first and second diffracted orders, achieving modulation intensities of 6.4 dB for the m = 1 and 9.0 dB for the m = 2 diffraction orders. C1 USAF,INST TECHNOL,DEPT ENGN PHYS,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. RP Sene, DE (reprint author), USAF,INST TECHNOL,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. NR 6 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0924-4247 J9 SENSOR ACTUAT A-PHYS JI Sens. Actuator A-Phys. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 57 IS 2 BP 145 EP 151 DI 10.1016/S0924-4247(97)80105-7 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA WV270 UT WOS:A1996WV27000008 ER PT J AU Whitmore, J Fisher, S AF Whitmore, J Fisher, S TI Speech during sustained operations SO SPEECH COMMUNICATION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT ESCA-NATO Workshop on Speech Under Stress CY SEP, 1995 CL LISBON, PORTUGAL SP European Speech Commun Assoc, NATO DE fatigue; sustained operations; voice; sleep deprivation; speech ID ALCOHOL-INTOXICATION; SLEEP LOSS; PERFORMANCE; FATIGUE AB Research was conducted to determine if alterations in the acoustical characteristics of voice occur over periods of sustained operations. Twelve male United States Air Force B-IB bomber aircrewmen participated in the study. The participants served in crews of four and performed three 36-hour experimental periods (missions) in a high-fidelity simulator. The missions were interspersed with 36-hour rest breaks. Data were lost from two members of the third team due to a communication malfunction. Speech, cognitive and subjective fatigue data were collected approximately every three hours for 11 trials per mission. Fundamental frequency and word duration were both found to vary significantly over trials (fundamental frequency F(10,90) = 2.63, p = 0.0076, word duration F(10,90) = 2.5, p = 0.0106). Speech duration results also showed a significant main effect of mission (F(2,18) = 6.91, p = 0.0082). The speech data follow the same trend as the data from the cognitive tests and subjective measures. A strong diurnal pattern is reflected in nearly all of the dependent measures. Overall, the results support the proposition that voice may be a valid indicator of a speaker's fatigue state. C1 ST MARYS UNIV, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78284 USA. RP Whitmore, J (reprint author), ARMSTRONG LAB, 2504 GILLINGHAM DR ST 25, BROOKS AFB, TX 78235 USA. NR 25 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6393 EI 1872-7182 J9 SPEECH COMMUN JI Speech Commun. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 20 IS 1-2 BP 55 EP 70 DI 10.1016/S0167-6393(96)00044-1 PG 16 WC Acoustics; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Acoustics; Computer Science GA VY514 UT WOS:A1996VY51400006 ER PT J AU Cooper, TM AF Cooper, TM TI Biomimetic optical materials SO TRENDS IN POLYMER SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID BACTERIORHODOPSIN FILMS; SPIROPYRAN; PHOTOMODULATION; POLY(L-LYSINE); PHOTOCONTROL; POLYPEPTIDE; AZOBENZENE C1 WRIGHT LAB,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0966-4793 J9 TRENDS POLYM SCI JI Trends Polym. Sci. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 4 IS 11 BP 361 EP 363 PG 3 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA VV104 UT WOS:A1996VV10400002 ER PT J AU Johnson, SP Leyendecker, JR Joseph, FB Joseph, AE Diffin, DC Devoid, D Eason, J AF Johnson, SP Leyendecker, JR Joseph, FB Joseph, AE Diffin, DC Devoid, D Eason, J TI Transjugular portosystemic shunts in pediatric patients awaiting liver transplantation SO TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article ID MANAGEMENT AB Three pediatric patients from 6 to 11 years of age awaiting liver transplantation for end stage liver disease underwent transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) placement for control of variceal bleeding. Two of the three procedures were performed emergently after endoscopic sclerotherapy failed to stop active bleeding. One procedure was performed electively after multiple prior bleeding episodes. The shunts were created from the middle or left hepatic vein to the left portal vein, and none of the subsequent transplant surgeries was complicated by the presence of the stents. No major or minor complications were related to TIPS placement. Two patients underwent concomitant variceal embolization, Bleeding was successfully controlled in each patient. We conclude that TIPS placement in children is technically feasible, does not complicate subsequent surgery, and is useful treating acute variceal hemorrhage in pediatric patients awaiting liver transplantation. C1 WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,DEPT RADIOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78236. WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,DEPT PEDIAT GASTROENTEROL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78236. WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,DEPT TRANSPLANTAT,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78236. DAVID GRANT MED CTR,DEPT RADIOL,FAIRFIELD,CA 94535. FAIRFAX RADIOL CONSULTANTS,FAIRFAX,VA 22031. NR 19 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0041-1337 J9 TRANSPLANTATION JI Transplantation PD OCT 27 PY 1996 VL 62 IS 8 BP 1178 EP 1181 DI 10.1097/00007890-199610270-00027 PG 4 WC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation SC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation GA VQ590 UT WOS:A1996VQ59000027 PM 8900323 ER PT J AU Tzou, HS Bao, Y Venkayya, VB AF Tzou, HS Bao, Y Venkayya, VB TI Parametric study of segmented transducers laminated on cylindrical shells .1. Sensor patches SO JOURNAL OF SOUND AND VIBRATION LA English DT Article ID PIEZOELECTRIC ACTUATORS; MODAL SENSORS AB The spatial characteristics, modal filtering and modal sensitivities of distributed segmented sensor patches laminated on a cylindrical shell are investigated. A sensor equation of a generic shell sensor patch reveals that the output signal is determined by a number of factors, such as geometries, material properties, mode numbers, sensor locations, spatial distributions, strains, etc. An arbitrary sensor patch and also quarterly segmented sensor patches are investigated. All quadruples of shell natural modes are not observable in the quarterly segmented sensor configuration, due to the charge averaging on effective surface electrodes. The total sensor sensitivity of a sensor patch is composed of a membrane sensitivity and a bending sensitivity which are related to the membrane strain and the bending strain, respectively. Based on the modal sensitivities, a number of sensor parameters (e.g., sensor thickness, shell thickness, curvature angles and shell sizes) are evaluated, and their membrane, bending and total sensitivities are compared. (C) 1996 Academic Press Limited C1 USAF,WRIGHT LAB,FLIGHT DYNAM DIRECTORATE,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. RP Tzou, HS (reprint author), UNIV KENTUCKY,CTR MFG SYST,DEPT MECH ENGN,LEXINGTON,KY 40506, USA. NR 17 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX SN 0022-460X J9 J SOUND VIB JI J. Sound Vibr. PD OCT 24 PY 1996 VL 197 IS 2 BP 207 EP 224 DI 10.1006/jsvi.1996.0526 PG 18 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Acoustics; Engineering; Mechanics GA VP294 UT WOS:A1996VP29400005 ER PT J AU Tzou, HS Bao, Y Venkayya, VB AF Tzou, HS Bao, Y Venkayya, VB TI Parametric study of segmented transducers laminated on cylindrical shells .2. Actuator patches SO JOURNAL OF SOUND AND VIBRATION LA English DT Article ID PIEZOELECTRIC ACTUATORS; SENSORS AB The spatial actuation and control effectiveness of distributed segmented actuator patches laminated on a piezoelectric laminated cylindrical shell are studied. Modal control forces of an arbitrary actuator patch and also quarterly segmented patches are derived and evaluated. The modal actuation factor, the modal feedback factor and the controlled damping ratio are derived and their detailed membrane and bending actuations are evaluated with respect to actuator design parameters: actuator thickness, shell lamina thickness, shell curvatures, shell sizes and natural modes. Analytical and simulation results suggest that the membrane control action dominates the lower natural modes and it increases as the shell curvature increases-for deep shells. The bending control action is effective for higher modes and also for shallow or zero-curvature continua. The modal control effect increases when the actuator becomes thicker: however, it drops significantly as the shell lamina becomes thicker. (C) 1996 Academic Press Limited C1 USAF,WRIGHT LAB,FLIGHT DYNAM DIRECTORATE,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. RP Tzou, HS (reprint author), UNIV KENTUCKY,CTR MFG SYST,DEPT MECH ENGN,LEXINGTON,KY 40506, USA. NR 12 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX SN 0022-460X J9 J SOUND VIB JI J. Sound Vibr. PD OCT 24 PY 1996 VL 197 IS 2 BP 225 EP 249 DI 10.1006/jsvi.1996.0527 PG 25 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Acoustics; Engineering; Mechanics GA VP294 UT WOS:A1996VP29400006 ER PT J AU Murdough, MP Denman, CA AF Murdough, MP Denman, CA TI Mode-volume and pump-power limitations in injection-locked TEM(00) Nd:YAG rod lasers SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article DE birefringence; injection locking; Nd:YAG laser ID SOLID-STATE LASERS; QUANTUM EFFICIENCY; STABLE RESONATORS; CW; DEPENDENCE; DESIGN AB Stress-induced birefringence in cw-pumped Nd:YAG rods create stability limitations on the TEM(00) polarized mode of a resonant cavity. We present and verify experimentally a thermo-optical model describing a ring cavity containing a birefringent cw-pumped Nd:YAG rod. We use the model, along with experimental evidence, to show that a fundamental TEM(00) mode size and pump-power limitation exists for any cw-pumped Nd:YAG laser, implying a maximum allowable TEM(00) output. We show that the largest TEM(00) mode radius that can be supported in the rod is approximately 1.1 mm and is independent of the physical size of the rod. (C) 1996 Optical Society of America RP Murdough, MP (reprint author), USAF,PHILLIPS LAB,LASER SYST BRANCH,3550 ABERDEEN SE,KIRTLAND AFB,NM 87117, USA. NR 18 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 1 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-6935 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD OCT 20 PY 1996 VL 35 IS 30 BP 5925 EP 5936 DI 10.1364/AO.35.005925 PG 12 WC Optics SC Optics GA VN212 UT WOS:A1996VN21200009 PM 21127604 ER PT J AU Wang, JX Anderson, GP Revercomb, HE Knuteson, RO AF Wang, JX Anderson, GP Revercomb, HE Knuteson, RO TI Validation of FASCOD3 and MODTRAN3: Comparison of model calculations with ground-based and airborne interferometer observations under clear-sky conditions SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article DE remote sensing; radiative transfer; atmospheric radiation; Michelson interferometer AB The validation of FASCOD3 and MODTRAN3 against Ground-based and airborne high-resolution Michelson interferometer measurements under clear-sky conditions is presented. Important considerations including water vapor continuum; frequency-dependent sea surface emissivity in the IR window region, and spectral resolution of MODTRAN3 in the comparison of model calculations with high-resolution interferometer measurements are discussed. Our results indicate that it is not adequate to assume sea surface emissivity of 1.0 [epsilon(nu) = 1.0] or a constant in the simulation of upwelling radiance observed by the airborne Michelson interferometer. The use of spectral emissivity (frequency-dependent emissivity) leads to much better agreement between model calculations and interferometer measurements in the IR window region from 750.0 to 1050.0 cm(-1). This could have important implications for the retrieval of sea surface temperature, thin cirrus properties, and aerosol parameters because of the sea surface emissivity of 1.0 assumption commonly used by many researchers. Comparisons of MODTRAN3 calculations with interferometer measurements show that the agreement might not be adequate at the nominal resolution of 2.0 cm(-1), and further spectral degradation might be necessary to improve the agreement between measurements and MODTRAN3 calculations. MODTRAN should be used with caution for relatively high spectral resolution remote-sensing applications. (C) 1996 Optical Society of America C1 USAF,PHILLIPS LAB,GEOPHYS DIRECTORATE,BEDFORD,MA 01731. UNIV WISCONSIN,CTR SPACE SCI & ENGN,MADISON,WI 53706. NR 22 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-6935 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD OCT 20 PY 1996 VL 35 IS 30 BP 6028 EP 6040 DI 10.1364/AO.35.006028 PG 13 WC Optics SC Optics GA VN212 UT WOS:A1996VN21200023 PM 21127618 ER PT J AU Lantz, DA AF Lantz, DA TI Efficacy of Holter monitors SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Letter RP Lantz, DA (reprint author), 74TH MED GRP,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD OCT 15 PY 1996 VL 125 IS 8 BP 697 EP 698 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA VM889 UT WOS:A1996VM88900022 PM 8849164 ER PT J AU Stone, PH McMahon, RP Andrews, TC MacCallum, G Pepine, CJ Goldberg, AD Cohen, JD Kaufmann, PG Sheps, DS AF Stone, PH McMahon, RP Andrews, TC MacCallum, G Pepine, CJ Goldberg, AD Cohen, JD Kaufmann, PG Sheps, DS TI Heart rate during daily activities and reproducibility of ischemia using ambulatory ECG monitoring: The psychophysiologic investigations of myocardial ischemia (PIMI) study. SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BRIGHAM & WOMENS HOSP,BOSTON,MA 02115. MARYLAND MED RES INST,BALTIMORE,MD. WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,LACKLAND AFB,TX. NHLBI,BETHESDA,MD 20892. UNIV FLORIDA,GAINESVILLE,FL. UNIV N CAROLINA,HENRY FORD HEART & VASC INST,CHAPEL HILL,NC. ST LOUIS UNIV,ST LOUIS,MO 63103. RI McMahon, Robert/C-5462-2009 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER HEART ASSOC PI DALLAS PA 7272 GREENVILLE AVENUE, DALLAS, TX 75231-4596 SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD OCT 15 PY 1996 VL 94 IS 8 SU S BP 446 EP 446 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA VN119 UT WOS:A1996VN11900445 ER PT J AU Zahn, EM Bush, D Christiansen, K McGehee, JA Baynes, B Peyser, J AF Zahn, EM Bush, D Christiansen, K McGehee, JA Baynes, B Peyser, J TI Femoral arterial changes related to neonatal interventional cardiac catheterization in an ovine model SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 MIAMI CHILDRENS HOSP,MIAMI,FL. USAF,DAVID GRANT MED CTR,TRAVIS AFB,CA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER HEART ASSOC PI DALLAS PA 7272 GREENVILLE AVENUE, DALLAS, TX 75231-4596 SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD OCT 15 PY 1996 VL 94 IS 8 SU S BP 2819 EP 2819 PG 2 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA VN119 UT WOS:A1996VN11902811 ER PT J AU Shang, JS AF Shang, JS TI Time-domain electromagnetic scattering simulations on multicomputers SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MAXWELL EQUATIONS; EULER EQUATIONS; PERFORMANCE; ALGORITHMS; SCHEMES AB A series of bistatic radar cross sections of a perfectly conducting sphere over a frequency range were processed on one shared and three distributed memory computers. A comparative study was conducted for both the total field and the scattered field formulations. The accuracy criteria for the grid point density per wavelength and the placement of the truncated far-field boundary were also established for the present characteristic-based finite volume scheme. The numerical accuracy of all simulations has been validated with theoretical results. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc. RP Shang, JS (reprint author), USAF,WRIGHT LAB,FLIGHT DYNAM DIRECTORATE,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. NR 38 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0021-9991 J9 J COMPUT PHYS JI J. Comput. Phys. PD OCT 15 PY 1996 VL 128 IS 2 BP 381 EP 390 DI 10.1006/jcph.1996.0218 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA VN964 UT WOS:A1996VN96400010 ER PT J AU Elhamri, S Ahoujja, M Newrock, RS Mast, DB Herbert, ST Mitchel, WC Razeghi, M AF Elhamri, S Ahoujja, M Newrock, RS Mast, DB Herbert, ST Mitchel, WC Razeghi, M TI Electrical properties of undoped GaxIn1-xP/GaAs quantum wells SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL VAPOR-DEPOSITION; MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; INTERFACE ROUGHNESS SCATTERING; DEEP DONOR LEVELS; PERSISTENT PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY; PHASE EPITAXY; GAINP/GAAS HETEROSTRUCTURES; CHLORIDE VPE; MOBILITY; GAAS AB We report a study of GaxIn1-xP/GaAs in very thin quantum wells. Our samples are net intentionally doped; nevertheless, we observed that exposing this structure to red light induces a photocurrent which is persistent at low temperatures. This is accompanied by an increase in the carrier concentration, the Hall mobility, and the quantum scattering time. Since the shallow donor concentration in the GaxIn1-xP layers is too low to produce the observed concentration, the persistent photocarriers cannot be produced by DX-like defects. We suggest that the persistent carriers are produced by photoionization of deep intrinsic donors in the GaxIn1-xP barrier layer. Extended illumination also induces a parallel conduction path. In the case of an infinite barrier height. theoretical studies predict that in thin quantum wells such as ours, interface roughness is the dominant low-temperature scattering mechanism and that the mobility in these wells should vary as L(6) where L. is the well width. In the case of a finite barrier height, theoretical studies predict that the mobility will not depend as strongly on L. Our measured mobilities follow an L(1.3) dependence, resulting in higher mobilities and supporting what is predicted theoretically. As predicted, we believe that this dependence is due to thp finite barrier height of the quantum well. The barrier height affects how much of the electron wave function penetrates into the barrier and hence influences how interface roughness scattering affects the mobility. C1 WRIGHT LAB,MAT DIRECTORATE,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. NORTHWESTERN UNIV,DEPT ELECT ENGN & COMP SCI,CTR QUANTUM DEVICES,EVANSTON,IL 60208. RP Elhamri, S (reprint author), UNIV CINCINNATI,DEPT PHYS,CINCINNATI,OH 45221, USA. RI Razeghi, Manijeh/B-7265-2009 NR 38 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 15 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 15 BP 10688 EP 10695 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.10688 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA VT674 UT WOS:A1996VT67400072 ER PT J AU Huang, DH Manasreh, MO Gumbs, G AF Huang, DH Manasreh, MO Gumbs, G TI Many-body analysis of the effects of electron density and temperature on the intersubband transition in GaAs/AlxGa1-xAs multiple quantum wells - Reply SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Letter AB The previous Comment makes a valid criticism of our original paper [Huang ct al., Phys. Rev. B 52, 14 126 (1995)],(1) but our conclusion is still valid. C1 CUNY HUNTER COLL,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,NEW YORK,NY 10021. RP Huang, DH (reprint author), USAF,PHILLIPS LAB,VTRP,3550 ABERDEEN AVE SE,BLDG 426,KIRTLAND AFB,NM 87117, USA. NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 15 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 15 BP 10980 EP 10981 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.10980 PG 2 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA VT674 UT WOS:A1996VT67400106 ER PT J AU Szmulowicz, F AF Szmulowicz, F TI Numerically stable Hermitian secular equation for the envelope-function approximation for superlattices SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID K-P THEORY; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; INFRARED DETECTORS; QUANTUM-WELLS; SEMICONDUCTOR HETEROSTRUCTURES; MATRIX-METHOD; BAND; ABSORPTION; MICROSTRUCTURES; SYSTEMS AB A method is developed for implementing the coupled-hand envelope-function-approximation (EFA) formalism for the calculation of the electronic structure of superlattices. The approach overcomes the difficulties in handling exponentially growing and decaying wave-function components, in particular, the so-called wing solutions, as is the case with existing secular equations. As importantly, the secular equation, which, in general, is general complex, is recast into a Hermitian form, which makes it easy to separate degenerate eigensolutions of the superlattice problem. Therefore, it is not necessary to first find a unitary transformation to eliminate the Kramers degeneracy of the starting k . p Hamiltonian. In the case of the simple Kronig-Penney model, the present formalism recasts the characteristic equation into a form that directly exhibits its parentage to the underlying quantum-well-problem. The present method can be used in conjunction with Burt's EFA formalism in the form of a coupled differential equation with piecewise-constant coefficients. The method is demonstrated on the example of the technologically important semiconducting InAs/InxGal-xSb type-II superlattice. RP Szmulowicz, F (reprint author), WRIGHT LAB,WL MLPO,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. NR 30 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 15 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 16 BP 11539 EP 11547 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.11539 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA VT675 UT WOS:A1996VT67500081 ER PT J AU Olszewski, AD Yaszemski, MJ White, AA AF Olszewski, AD Yaszemski, MJ White, AA TI The anatomy of the human lumbar ligamentum flavum - New observations and their surgical importance SO SPINE LA English DT Article DE anatomy; insertions; ligamentum flavum AB Study Design. An anatomic study was performed to investigate the ligamentum flavum of the human lumbar spine. Objectives. To describe accurately the interlaminar portion of ligamentum flavum, and to determine if there is an insertion onto the anterosuperior surface of the caudal lamina. Summary of Background Data. The insertions of the ligamentum flavum onto its adjacent laminas were classically described by Naffzinger. His description has been recounted by others. It has been the authors' observation that there is a slip of inferior ligamentum flavum that inserts onto the anterosuperior surface of the caudal lamina. Review of the literature revealed only anecdotal observations that support the authors' finding. A clear anatomic description of this structure is important to the surgeon who frequently enters the spinal canal at this anatomic site. Methods. Thirty human lumbar ligamenta flava from six fresh frozen lumbar spines were studied macroscopically, with particular attention paid to the insertions onto the adjacent laminas. Results. The ligamentum flavum consists of a superficial and a deep component. It is continuous in the midline. The superficial ligamentum flavum inserts onto the superior edge and posterosuperior surface of the caudal lamina. The deep ligamentum flavum inserts for a variable distance onto the anterosuperior surf;sce of the caudal lamina. Conclusions. There is an inferoventral slip of the ligamentum flavum that attaches to the anterosuperior surface of the caudal lamina. This slip is the inferior portion of the deep ligamentum flavum. When the ligamentum flavum's superficial layer is selectively released, the inferoventral slip of the ligamentum flavum's deep layer remains attached to the anterosuperior surface of the caudal lamina and remains between the surgeon and the dura. C1 MAYO CLIN,DEPT ORTHOPAED SURG,ROCHESTER,MN. HARVARD UNIV,BETH ISRAEL HOSP,SCH MED,DEPT ORTHOPAED SURG,BOSTON,MA 02115. RP Olszewski, AD (reprint author), WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,PSSB,DEPT ORTHOPAED SURG,2200 BERGQUIST DR,SUITE 1,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236, USA. NR 11 TC 27 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0362-2436 J9 SPINE JI SPINE PD OCT 15 PY 1996 VL 21 IS 20 BP 2307 EP 2312 DI 10.1097/00007632-199610150-00001 PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology; Orthopedics SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Orthopedics GA VN873 UT WOS:A1996VN87300001 PM 8915063 ER PT J AU Lipscomb, JC Mahle, DA Brashear, WT Garrett, CM AF Lipscomb, JC Mahle, DA Brashear, WT Garrett, CM TI A species comparison of chloral hydrate metabolism in blood and liver SO BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID DNA STRAND BREAKS; MALE B6C3F1 MOUSE; DICHLOROACETIC ACID; PEROXISOME PROLIFERATION; GLUTATHIONE CONJUGATION; TRICHLOROACETIC-ACID; TRICHLOROETHYLENE; RATS; MICE; INDUCTION AB Chloral hydrate (CH), [302-17-0], is a human sedative useful in premature infants. No current epidemiological study supports increased cancer risk. CH is also a rodent toxicant and a P450-derived metabolite of trichloroethylene (TRI). P450 induction increases TRI toxicity in rodents. CH is very rapidly metabolized to trichloroacetic acid (TCA) and trichloroethanol (TCOH). Because TCA mediates some responses following TRI exposure, we assessed the metabolism of CH to TCA and TCOH by liver and blood of the rat, mouse, and human. Both TCA and TCOH are formed in blood and liver. The constants for hepatic TCA and TCOH formation are presented. The K-m for hepatic TCOH formation is at least ten-fold lower than for TCA formation in these species. Clearance values for TCOH are higher than for TCA. These data support TCOH as the first major metabolite of TRI and CH in vivo. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc. C1 MANTECH ENVIRONM TECHNOL INC,DAYTON,OH 45437. GEOCENTERS INC,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. RP Lipscomb, JC (reprint author), USAF,BSC,DIV TOXICOL,OL,AL HSC,OET,2856 G ST,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. NR 55 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0006-291X J9 BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO JI Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. PD OCT 14 PY 1996 VL 227 IS 2 BP 340 EP 350 DI 10.1006/bbrc.1996.1511 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA VP321 UT WOS:A1996VP32100006 PM 8878519 ER PT J AU Montera, DA Welsh, BM Roggemann, MC Ruck, DW AF Montera, DA Welsh, BM Roggemann, MC Ruck, DW TI Use of artificial neural networks for Hartmann-sensor lenslet centroid estimation SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article DE adaptive optics; neural networks; wave-front sensors; centroid estimation ID OPTICS; PERFORMANCE; TELESCOPES; FIELD; VIEW AB For adaptive optical systems to compensate for atmospheric-turbulence effects, the wave-front perturbation must be measured with a wave-front sensor (WFS). A Hartmann WFS typically divides the optical aperture into subapertures and then measures the slope of the wave front within each subaperture. Hartmann WFS slope measurements are based on estimating the location of the centroid of the image that is formed from a guide star within each subaperture. Conventional techniques for centroid estimation involve the use of a Linear estimator and conversion tables. Neural networks provide nonlinear solutions to this problem. We address the use of neural networks for estimating the location of the centroid fi om the subaperture image. We find that neural networks provide more accurate estimates over a larger dynamic range and with less variance than do the conventional linear centroid estimator. C1 USAF,INST TECHNOL,DEPT ENGN PHYS,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. RP Montera, DA (reprint author), USAF,INST TECHNOL,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,2950 P ST,BLDG 640,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. NR 18 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 2 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-6935 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD OCT 10 PY 1996 VL 35 IS 29 BP 5747 EP 5757 DI 10.1364/AO.35.005747 PG 11 WC Optics SC Optics GA VL749 UT WOS:A1996VL74900001 PM 21127584 ER PT J AU Karna, SP AF Karna, SP TI Spin-unrestricted time-dependent Hartree-Fock theory of frequency-dependent linear and nonlinear optical properties (vol 104, pg 6590, 1996) SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Correction, Addition RP Karna, SP (reprint author), USAF,PHILLIPS LAB,SPACE ELECT DIV,PL VTE,3550 ABERDEEN AVE SE,KIRTLAND AFB,NM 87117, USA. NR 1 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD OCT 8 PY 1996 VL 105 IS 14 BP 6091 EP 6091 DI 10.1063/1.473019 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA VL696 UT WOS:A1996VL69600051 ER PT J AU Gruber, MR Nejad, AS Chen, TH Dutton, JC AF Gruber, MR Nejad, AS Chen, TH Dutton, JC TI Bow shock/jet interaction in compressible transverse injection flowfields SO AIAA JOURNAL LA English DT Article C1 TAITECH INC,BEAVERCREEK,OH 45440. UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT MECH & IND ENGN,URBANA,IL 61801. RP Gruber, MR (reprint author), USAF,WRIGHT LAB,ADV PROPULS DIV,POPT,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. NR 6 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0001-1452 J9 AIAA J JI AIAA J. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 34 IS 10 BP 2191 EP 2193 DI 10.2514/3.13372 PG 3 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA VK555 UT WOS:A1996VK55500031 ER PT J AU Sorem, KA Smikle, CB Spencer, DK Yoder, BA Graveson, MA SilerKhodr, TM AF Sorem, KA Smikle, CB Spencer, DK Yoder, BA Graveson, MA SilerKhodr, TM TI Circulating maternal corticotropin-releasing hormone and gonadotropin-releasing hormone in normal and abnormal pregnancies SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE pregnancy corticotropin-releasing hormone; gonadotropin-releasing hormone ID HUMAN CHORIONIC-GONADOTROPIN; LOCAL STIMULATION; 1ST TRIMESTER; PLACENTA; SECRETION; GNRH; ENDOCRINOLOGY; EXPRESSION; LABOR; GENE AB OBJECTIVE: Corticotropin-releasing hormone and gonadotropin-releasing hormone are produced by the human placenta and have been measured in the maternal circulation during pregnancy, Our objective was to determine concentrations of these substances in maternal plasma throughout normal pregnancies and in early pregnancy loss. STUDY DESIGN: Fifty-one pregnant women were followed up prospectively and plasma samples were drawn at 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 28, and 36 weeks' gestation and during labor. Specific and sensitive radioimmunoassays were used to determine corticotropin-releasing hormone and gonadotropin-releasing hormone concentrations in these samples. RESULTS: Blood samples were drawn at all time points and outcome data were available from 33 women who completed their pregnancies at term without complications. In this normal group circulating corticotropin-releasing hormone concentrations increased from low or undetectable concentrations at 8 weeks (less than or equal to 23.2 +/- 1.3 pg/ml, mean +/- SEM) to measurable values at 16 weeks (34.3 +/- 2.2 pg/ml). Thereafter there was a significant increase to 1294 +/- 113 pg/ml in labor. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone demonstrated a trimodal distribution, increasing significantly from 8 to 14 weeks, decreasing at 16 weeks, and increasing again by term. The ratio of corticotropin-releasing hormone to gonadotropin-releasing hormone in the normal group demonstrated a 30-fold increase from 8 weeks to term. In eight cases of early pregnancy loss corticotropin-releasing hormone and gonadotropin-releasing hormone concentrations were not significantly different from those of the normal group in early pregnancy. In two cases of premature delivery gonadotropin-releasing hormone concentrations and ratios were within the normal range; corticotropin-releasing hormone levels were normal in both cases of premature delivery. CONCLUSION: In this study we determined maternal concentrations of corticotropin-releasing hormone and gonadotropin-releasing hormone in normal pregnancies and in labor at term. Neither maternal concentrations of corticotropin-releasing hormone nor gonadotropin-re[easing hormone were useful in identifying pregnant women at risk for early pregnancy loss. C1 UNIV TEXAS, HLTH SCI CTR, DEPT OBSTET & GYNECOL, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78284 USA. WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR, DEPT OBSTET & GYNECOL, LACKLAND AFB, TX 78236 USA. NR 22 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 1 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9378 EI 1097-6868 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 175 IS 4 BP 912 EP 916 DI 10.1016/S0002-9378(96)80024-X PN 1 PG 5 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA VQ865 UT WOS:A1996VQ86500024 PM 8885747 ER PT J AU Engelke, KA Doerr, DF Convertino, VA AF Engelke, KA Doerr, DF Convertino, VA TI Application of acute maximal exercise to protect orthostatic tolerance after simulated microgravity SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-REGULATORY INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE bed rest; baroreflex; blood pressure; orthostasis; orthostatic hypotension; vasoconstriction ID VAGAL BAROREFLEX; INTENSE EXERCISE; BLOOD-VOLUME; BED REST; 24 H; RESPONSES; PRESSURE; REFLEX; INTOLERANCE; HYPOTENSION AB We tested the hypothesis that one bout of maximal exercise performed at the conclusion of prolonged simulated microgravity would improve blood pressure stability during an orthostatic challenge. Heart rate (HR), mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), norepinephrine (NE), epinephrine (E), arginine vasopressin (AVP), plasma renin activity (PRA), atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), cardiac output (Q over dot), forearm vascular resistance (FVR), and changes in leg volume were measured during lower body negative pressure (LBNP) to presyncope in seven subjects immediately prior to reambulation from 16 days of 6 degrees head-down tilt (HDT) under two experimental conditions: 1) after maximal supine cycle ergometry performed 24 h before returning to the upright posture (exercise) and 2) without exercise (control). After HDT, the reduction of LBNP tolerance time from pre-HDT levels was greater (P = 0.041) in the control condition (-2.0 +/- 0.2 min) compared with the exercise condition (-0.4 +/- 0.2 min). At presyncope after HDT, FVR and NE were higher (P < 0.05) after exercise compared with control, whereas MAP, HR, E, AVP, PRA, ANP, and leg volume were similar in both conditions. Plasma volume (PV) and carotid-cardiac baroreflex sensitivity were reduced after control HDT, but were restored by the exercise treatment. Maintenance of orthostatic tolerance by application of acute intense exercise after 16 days of simulated microgravity was associated with greater circulating levels of NE, vasoconstriction, Q over dot, baroreflex sensitivity, and PV. C1 ARMSTRONG LAB, AOCY, PHYSIOL RES BRANCH, DIV CLIN SCI, BROOKS AFB, TX 78235 USA. UNIV FLORIDA, DEPT PHYSIOL, GAINESVILLE, FL 32610 USA. NASA, KENNEDY SPACE CTR, CAPE CANAVERAL, FL 32899 USA. NR 32 TC 60 Z9 60 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0363-6119 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-REG I JI Am. J. Physiol.-Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 271 IS 4 BP R837 EP R847 PG 11 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA VL794 UT WOS:A1996VL79400003 PM 8897972 ER PT J AU Becker, RL Mikel, UV Oliver, WR Sesterhenn, IA AF Becker, RL Mikel, UV Oliver, WR Sesterhenn, IA TI Enumeration of interphase chromosomes - Comparison of visual in situ hybridization and confocal fluorescence in situ hybridization SO ANALYTICAL AND QUANTITATIVE CYTOLOGY AND HISTOLOGY LA English DT Article DE in situ hybridization; fluorescence in situ hybridization; confocal microscopy; chromosomes AB OBJECTIVE: To compare two visual enumeration methods to determine whether the confocal approach yielded better counts of chromosome-specific hybridization sites. STUDY DESIGN: Brightfield microscopy was used to count in situ hybridization (ISH) sites in 4-mu m tissue sections. Confocal microscopy was used to collect three-dimensional (3D) data sets from fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) preparations made with sections of various thicknesses. Analysis of the confocal in?ages relied on custom-built interactive visualization software. RESULTS: The confocal method yielded higher average counts of hybridization sites per nucleus due to fewer truncated nuclei in thicker sections and to visual exclusion of the truncated nuclei that remained. Optimal section thickness was 8-12 mu m. Limited penetration by FISH reagents restricted the use of thicker sections. CONCLUSION: Analysis of intact nuclei visualized in three dimensions was more sensitive in demonstrating high centromere number than was brightfield ISH analysis of 4-mu m sections. Improvements in semiautomated interactive software may make the confocal approach practical for accurate evaluation of chromosome number in precise histologic contexts. C1 ARMED FORCES INST PATHOL,DEPT GENITOURINARY PATHOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20306. RP Becker, RL (reprint author), USAF,DEPT CELLULAR PATHOL,DIV QUANTITAT PATHOL,ARMED FORCES INST PATHOL,ROOM 1021,BLDG 54,WASHINGTON,DC 20306, USA. NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SCI PRINTERS & PUBL INC PI ST LOUIS PA P.O. DRAWER 12425 8342 OLIVE BLVD, ST LOUIS, MO 63132 SN 0884-6812 J9 ANAL QUANT CYTOL JI Anal. Quant. Cytol. Histol. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 18 IS 5 BP 405 EP 409 PG 5 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA VN018 UT WOS:A1996VN01800010 PM 8908313 ER PT J AU Herman, NL Carter, B VanDecar, TK AF Herman, NL Carter, B VanDecar, TK TI Cricoid pressure: Teaching the recommended level SO ANESTHESIA AND ANALGESIA LA English DT Article ID ESOPHAGEAL SPHINCTER PRESSURE; GASTRIC CONTENTS; REGURGITATION; EFFICACY AB The Sellick maneuver or cricoid pressure is an effective means of preventing passive aspiration of gastric contents. Recent studies recommend a pressure of 20 newtons (N) when the patient is awake, increasing to 30-40 N with unconsciousness. This study was proposed to determine whether with education and practice, anesthesia providers and assistants could be taught a recommended cricoid pressure and retain this skill. Cricoid force was measured using a life-size laryngotracheal model on a calibrated infant scale. Fifty-three participants were divided into six groups: MD faculty; CA-1, 2, and 3 Residents; certified registered nurse anesthetists (CRNA); and Others. Each was asked to apply pressure to the blinded model to simulate application of the Sellick's maneuver to an ''awake'' and ''unconscious'' patient-on four occasions: before instruction of the recommended pressures (Preinstruction), after being informed of the recommended magnitudes of 20 N/awake and 30-40 N/anesthetized (Postinstruction), after a period of unblinded practice (Postpractice), and 3 mo or longer after practice (Follow-up). Initial attempts revealed inadequate force by all participants, ''awake'' and ''anesthetized.'' All participants were able to learn the recommended amount of applied pressure and were able to retain this knowledge after 3 mo. This model represents an easy and practical means of teaching the application of the optimal level of force to practitioners and assistants. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT ANESTHESIOL,DIV OBSTET ANESTHESIA,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,DEPT ANESTHESIOL,LACKLAND AFB,TX. NR 12 TC 54 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0003-2999 J9 ANESTH ANALG JI Anesth. Analg. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 83 IS 4 BP 859 EP 863 DI 10.1097/00000539-199610000-00036 PG 5 WC Anesthesiology SC Anesthesiology GA VK391 UT WOS:A1996VK39100036 PM 8831335 ER PT J AU Amato, AA Gronseth, GS Jackson, CE Wolfe, GI Katz, JS Bryan, WW Barohn, RJ AF Amato, AA Gronseth, GS Jackson, CE Wolfe, GI Katz, JS Bryan, WW Barohn, RJ TI Inclusion body myositis: Clinical and pathological boundaries SO ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY ANALYSIS; INTRAVENOUS IMMUNOGLOBULIN; IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE THERAPY; MONONUCLEAR-CELLS; MUSCLE-FIBERS; MYOPATHIES; DERMATOMYOSITIS; POLYMYOSITIS; DISEASE AB Inclusion body myositis, polymyositis, and dermatomyositis are three distinct categories of inflammatory myopathy. Some authorities commented on the selective early weakness of the volar forearm muscles, quadriceps, and ankle dorsiflexors in inclusion body myositis. The most important feature distinguishing inclusion body myositis from the other two inflammatory myopathies is the lack of responsiveness to immunosuppressive treatment. Although most patients with inclusion body myositis have characteristic muscle biopsy findings, some cannot be distinguished histologically early from polymyositis. Predicting responsiveness to immunosuppressive medications, independent of muscle histology, would be valuable to clinicians. We retrospectively reviewed the pattern of weakness and other clinical features of 46 patients newly diagnosed with either inclusion body myositis, polymyositis, or dermatomyositis. Asymmetrical muscle weakness with prominent wrist flexor, finger flexor, and knee extensor involvement was specific for inclusion body myositis and unresponsive polymyositis. Male sex, lower creatine kinase levels, slower rate of progression, and peripheral neuropathy were also more common in inclusion body myositis and unresponsive polymyositis than in responsive polymyositis and dermatomyositis patients. Repeat muscle biopsy in 2 patients in the unresponsive polymyositis group demonstrated histological features of inclusion body myositis. We suspect that patients with clinical features of inclusion body myositis but lacking histological confirmation may nonetheless have inclusion body myositis. Our study supports the recently proposed criteria for definite and possible inclusion body myositis. C1 WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,DEPT NEUROL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78236. UNIV TEXAS,SW MED CTR,DEPT NEUROL,DALLAS,TX 75235. RP Amato, AA (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED NEUROL,7703 FLOYD CURL DR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. NR 22 TC 124 Z9 126 U1 0 U2 2 PU LITTLE BROWN CO PI BOSTON PA 34 BEACON STREET, BOSTON, MA 02108-1493 SN 0364-5134 J9 ANN NEUROL JI Ann. Neurol. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 40 IS 4 BP 581 EP 586 DI 10.1002/ana.410400407 PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA VN903 UT WOS:A1996VN90300006 PM 8871577 ER PT J AU Fisher, MS Guerra, CG Hickman, JR Hensley, RE Doe, RH Dunn, CD Hall, RB AF Fisher, MS Guerra, CG Hickman, JR Hensley, RE Doe, RH Dunn, CD Hall, RB TI Peripheral blood lymphocyte apoptosis - A clue to the diagnosis of acute infectious mononucleosis SO ARCHIVES OF PATHOLOGY & LABORATORY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CELL-DEATH; BCL-2 EXPRESSION AB Objective.-To describe the morphology and significance of apoptotic lymphocytes in peripheral blood smears of patients with acute infectious mononucleosis. To our knowledge this has not been previously reported. Design.-Peripheral blood smears from 27 patients with a positive heterophile antibody test were collected and reviewed for the presence of apoptotic lymphocytes. Flow cytometry was performed on three cases to document the previously described low expression of bcl-2 in lymphocytes in infectious mononucleosis. Four control patient populations comprising 80 cases were similarly screened for the presence of apoptotic lymphocytes. Setting.-The specimens were collected over a 3-month period in two laboratories at our tertiary care hospital; all specimens were processed according to a standard protocol. Patients.-Young adult military recruits and their spouses, military dependent adolescents, and retired military personnel. Results.-Twenty-four (88.9%) of 27 peripheral blood smears of patients with acute infectious mononucleosis contained readily identifiable apoptotic lymphocytes. Three (3.75%) of 80 control peripheral blood smears were identified with rare apoptotic lymphocytes, all occurring in patients with viral upper respiratory infections. Conclusions.-The finding of apoptotic lymphocytes in a peripheral blood smear is useful in the differential diagnosis of infectious mononucleosis and neoplastic hematolymphoid processes. C1 N COLORADO MED CTR,GREELEY,CO. W ALLIS MEM HOSP,W ALLIS,WI. RP Fisher, MS (reprint author), WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,DEPT PATHOL,PSL,2200 BERGQUIST DR,SUITE 1,59 MDW,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236, USA. NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU COLLEGE AMER PATHOLOGISTS PI NORTHFIELD PA C/O KIMBERLY GACKI, 325 WAUKEGAN RD, NORTHFIELD, IL 60093-2750 SN 0003-9985 J9 ARCH PATHOL LAB MED JI Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 120 IS 10 BP 951 EP 955 PG 5 WC Medical Laboratory Technology; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pathology SC Medical Laboratory Technology; Research & Experimental Medicine; Pathology GA VV297 UT WOS:A1996VV29700012 PM 12046607 ER PT J AU Ryles, MT Pilmanis, AA AF Ryles, MT Pilmanis, AA TI The initial signs and symptoms of altitude decompression sickness SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB Background: With the potential for higher aircraft and cabin altitudes, the way in which altitude decompression sickness (DCS) presents continues to be of interest. The majority of previous papers on the symptom-atology of DCS are retrospective reviews of patients treated hours or days post-exposure. The initial presentation while still at altitude is the form of DCS that aircrew must be able to recognize in order to respond correctly. This paper reports the initial manifestations of DCS that occurred during a series of prospective hypobaric chamber studies. These studies had been specifically designed to investigate DCS. Methods: This paper presents a prospective analysis of DCS symptoms from 447 subjects, recorded over an 11-yr period at the Armstrong Laboratory (AL), and is an attempt to provide an accurate representation of the initial presentation of altitude DCS. Results: Of the 447 cases, 83.2% had musculoskeletal involvement, 2.7% had chokes, 2.2% skin manifestations, 10.8% paresthesia, and 0.5% frank neurological features. Conclusions: The most common presenting feature was musculoskeletal, with knee pain predominating (occurring in 70% of these cases). A very low incidence of neurological features was seen in the AL database, which was in contrast to data from many other sources. Reasons for this difference may include the use of preoxygenation and the policy of prompt recompression upon symptom development at AL. There is also the possibility that individuals in the training and operational environments are more likely to report frank neurological involvement than other forms of DCS. C1 ARMSTRONG LAB,CREW SYST DIRECTORATE,CREW TECHNOL DIV,BROOKS AFB,TX. NR 28 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 3 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 67 IS 10 BP 983 EP 989 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA VL585 UT WOS:A1996VL58500010 PM 9025822 ER PT J AU Moorman, DL Kruyer, WB Jackson, WG AF Moorman, DL Kruyer, WB Jackson, WG TI Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA): Long-term outcome and aeromedical implications SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID SINGLE-VESSEL DISEASE; CLINICAL FOLLOW-UP; BLOOD-INSTITUTE; ASYMPTOMATIC RESTENOSIS; SILENT ISCHEMIA; EXPERIENCE; REGISTRY; ARTERIOGRAMS; EXERCISE; SUCCESS AB Background: Currently U.S. Air Force aviators are permanently disqualified from all military flying duties after PTCA. Hypothesis: We wondered if a low risk group of post-PTCA patients was identifiable from the literature, such that trained aviators who met the criteria for such a group could be safely returned to military flying duties. Method: We reviewed the PTCA literature from 1978-93 for long-term outcome (cardiac events) and patient characteristics that might affect outcome. Cardiac events were cardiac death, myocardial infarction (MI), and need for bypass surgery or repeat PTCA due to restenosis or progression of coronary artery disease (CAD). Results: All patients were at risk for restenosis, the rate being highest in the first year post-PTCA (17-34%), and 10-40% of asymptomatic patients had restenosis. Noninvasive tests during the first 12 mo missed 25-54% of significant restenoses found by angiography. Beginning 1 yr after successful PTCA, cardiac event rates (excluding angina pectoris) were 2.4-4.1%/yr, as opposed to <1%/ yr (including angina) in our asymptomatic, untreated, mild-moderate CAD aviator population. The late annual event rate did not decline in over 5 yr of follow-up. Significant CAD progression in other sites or vessels occurred in 39-45% of asymptomatic patients by 5-8 yr; 13-43% of successful PTCA survivors were experiencing angina 3-6 yr post-PTCA. None of the following patient characteristics lowered the event rates: absence of symptoms before or after PTCA, PTCA in single-vessel disease, age < 40 at time of PTCA, post-PTCA lesion less than or equal to 30%, and lack of prior MI. Conclusion: No low risk subgroup of patients or safe waiting period post-PTCA could be identified by literature review. We cannot recommend return to any type of military flying duties at any time after PTCA because of the significant and steady rate of serious cardiac events. C1 ARMSTRONG LAB,AOCI,DIV CLIN SCI,HUMAN SYST CTR,BROOKS AFB,TX 78235. NR 47 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 67 IS 10 BP 990 EP 996 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA VL585 UT WOS:A1996VL58500011 PM 9025823 ER PT J AU Knapp, CJ AF Knapp, CJ TI Intracerebral bleed, retinal detachment, cataract removal, and intraocular lenses in an army aviator SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB A 54-yr-old U.S. Army Reserve helicopter pilot was evaluated at Brooks AFB, TX for a flying waiver with a history of intracerebral hematoma, superior oblique palsy, rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, and bilateral cataract extractions with intraocular lens replacements. The USAF has waivered flyers with category 5 severe head injury (includes intracerebral bleed) in 7 (44%) of 16 cases evaluated and submitted after a 5-yr uneventful observation period, but never with an intracerebral bleed (0 of 3). Flyers with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment have been cleared for a waiver by ophthalmologists in 40 (89%) of 45 cases; the USAF ultimately granted 28 (62%) of the 45 flyers waivers with the others denied for additional diagnoses. Of the 45 detachments, 17 (38%) were asymptomatic and discovered during routine eye evaluation. Increased ''G'' exposure has not been shown to increase the risk of either retinal detachment or intraocular lens displacement. Of 54 intraocular lenses in the USAF Study Group, 50 (93%) are located in the posterior chamber. Waivers have been granted for 38 (86%) of 44 flyers with intraocular lens replacements; only 3 (7%) of 44 have been denied waivers for ophthalmological complications. The preferred cataract surgery for aviators is extracapsular cataract extraction with placement of a posterior chamber intraocular lens, yielding the best visual results with fewest complications. This pilot was denied waiver recommendation because his neurological observational period had not yet lasted 5 yr, although he would have received a favorable recommendation for his ophthalmological diagnoses. C1 USAF,SCH AEROSP MED,BROOKS AFB,TX 78235. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 67 IS 10 BP 997 EP 1001 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA VL585 UT WOS:A1996VL58500012 PM 9025824 ER PT J AU Stone, PH Chaitman, BR McMahon, RP Andrews, TC MacCallum, G Sharaf, B Frishman, W Deanfield, JE Sopko, G Pratt, C Goldberg, AD Rogers, WJ Hill, J Proschan, M Pepine, CJ Bourassa, HG Conti, CR AF Stone, PH Chaitman, BR McMahon, RP Andrews, TC MacCallum, G Sharaf, B Frishman, W Deanfield, JE Sopko, G Pratt, C Goldberg, AD Rogers, WJ Hill, J Proschan, M Pepine, CJ Bourassa, HG Conti, CR TI Asymptomatic Cardiac Ischemia Pilot (ACIP) study - Relationship between exercise-induced and ambulatory ischemia in patients with stable coronary disease SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Article DE ischemia; electrocardiography; coronary disease; prognosis; trials ID SILENT-MYOCARDIAL-ISCHEMIA; ANGINA-PECTORIS; DAILY-LIFE; ARTERY DISEASE; SEVERITY; FREQUENCY; THERAPY AB Background We investigated whether the presence and frequency of asymptomatic ischemic episodes recorded during ambulatory ECG (AECG) monitoring could be predicted on the basis of clinical characteristics or exercise treadmill test (ETT) performance in patients with stable coronary disease and whether the estimate of ischemia severity was similar between the AECG and ETT. Methods and Results Patients screened for the Asymptomatic Cardiac Ischemia Pilot (ACIP) study were selected for the current analysis if data were available from 48-hour AECG monitoring as well as from an ETT during which the patient developed greater than or equal to 1-mm ST-segment depression. Exercise ECG data were available for 143 of the 910 patients without ischemic episodes and for 659 of the 910 patients with ischemic episodes during AECG monitoring. Angina was more frequent among patients with ambulatory ischemic episodes than among patients without such ischemia (P<.001). Patients with AECG ischemia had a consistently more marked ischemic response on the ETT than patients without AECG ischemia; patients likely to have AECG ischemia could be predicted on the basis of ETT performance characteristics. However, the correlation coefficients between the severity of ischemia estimated by ETT and by AECG were small. Conclusions There are significant relations between ischemia detected by AECG monitoring and by ETT, but the relations are limited, indicating that the two tests are not redundant to characterize coronary patients. A larger study investigating the prognostic significance of the ischemia identified by each modality, with follow-up for clinical events, will be necessary to determine the most appropriate methods to evaluate patients with stable coronary disease. C1 ST LOUIS UNIV, MED CTR, DEPT INTERNAL MED, DIV CARDIOL, ST LOUIS, MO USA. MARYLAND MED RES INST, ACIP CORRDINATING CTR, BALTIMORE, MD USA. WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR, PSMC, DEPT CARDIOL, AETC, LACKLAND AFB, TX USA. UNIV RHODE ISL, PROVIDENCE, RI 02908 USA. ALBERT EINSTEIN HOSP, BRONX, NY USA. ST BARTHOLOMEWS HOSP, DEPT CARDIOL, LONDON, ENGLAND. NIH, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA. BAYLOR COLL MED, CARDIOL SECT, HOUSTON, TX 77030 USA. HENRY FORD HOSP, DETROIT, MI 48202 USA. UNIV ALABAMA, MED CTR, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35294 USA. UNIV FLORIDA, GAINESVILLE, FL USA. VET ADM MED CTR, CARDIOL SECT, GAINESVILLE, FL 32602 USA. INST CARDIOL, MONTREAL, PQ, CANADA. RP Stone, PH (reprint author), BRIGHAM & WOMENS HOSP, DIV CARDIOVASC, 75 FRANCIS ST, BOSTON, MA 02115 USA. RI Deanfield, John/C-5178-2008; McMahon, Robert/C-5462-2009; OI Bourassa, Martial G./0000-0002-4439-8650 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HV-90-07, HV-90-08, HV-91-05] NR 34 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 94 IS 7 BP 1537 EP 1544 PG 8 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA VJ979 UT WOS:A1996VJ97900010 PM 8840841 ER PT J AU Kaufman, MS Hubbs, LM Melander, K AF Kaufman, MS Hubbs, LM Melander, K TI Effect of alum on methamphetamine screening tests SO CLINICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Letter C1 ARMSTRONG LAB,DRUG TESTING DIV,BROOKS AFB,TX 78235. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CLINICAL CHEMISTRY PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 L STREET NW, SUITE 202, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-1526 SN 0009-9147 J9 CLIN CHEM JI Clin. Chem. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 42 IS 10 BP 1720 EP 1721 PG 2 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA VL761 UT WOS:A1996VL76100028 PM 8855165 ER PT J AU Wong, MT Edmond, MB Dewitt, C AF Wong, MT Edmond, MB Dewitt, C TI Toxic shock syndrome associated with severe Group B streptococcal infections. SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,DEPT INFECT DIS,LACKLAND AFB,TX. WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,DEPT INTERNAL MED,LACKLAND AFB,TX. VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIV,MED COLL VIRGINIA,DIV QUAL HLTH CARE,RICHMOND,VA 23298. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 23 IS 4 BP 155 EP 155 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA VN246 UT WOS:A1996VN24600201 ER PT J AU Burris, DR Delcomyn, CA Smith, MH Roberts, AL AF Burris, DR Delcomyn, CA Smith, MH Roberts, AL TI Reductive dechlorination of tetrachloroethylene and trichloroethylene catalyzed by vitamin B-12 in homogeneous and heterogeneous systems SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TRANSITION-METAL COENZYMES; CARBON-TETRACHLORIDE; HYDROCARBONS AB The reduction of tetrachloroethylene (PCE) and trichloroethylene (TCE) catalyzed by vitamin B-12 was examined in homogeneous and heterogeneous (B-12 bound to agarose) batch systems using titanium(III) citrate as the bulk reductant. The solution and surface-mediated reaction rates at similar B-12 loadings were comparable, indicating that binding vitamin B-12 to a surface did not lower catalytic activity. No loss in PCE reducing activity was observed with repeated usage of surface-bound vitamin B-12 Carbon mass recoveries were 81-84% for PCE reduction and 89% for TCE reduction, relative to controls. In addition to sequential hydrogenolysis, a second competing reaction mechanism for the reduction of PCE and TCE by B-12, reductive beta-elimination, is proposed to account for the observation of acetylene as a significant reaction intermediate. Reductive beta-elimination should be considered as a potential pathway in other reactive systems involving the reduction of vicinal polyhaloethenes. Surface-bound catalysts such as vitamin B-12 may have utility in the engineered degradation of aqueous phase chlorinated ethenes. C1 APPL RES ASSOCIATES INC,TYNDALL AFB,FL 32403. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,DEPT GEOG & ENVIRONM ENGN,BALTIMORE,MD 21218. RP Burris, DR (reprint author), ARMSTRONG LAB,AL EQ,139 BARNES DR,TYNDALL AFB,FL 32403, USA. RI Roberts, A. Lynn/A-3295-2010 NR 19 TC 124 Z9 124 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 30 IS 10 BP 3047 EP 3052 DI 10.1021/es960116o PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA VL046 UT WOS:A1996VL04600042 ER PT J AU Millerd, JE Swienton, JP Unterscher, F Trolinger, JD Smith, LG LaRue, JC AF Millerd, JE Swienton, JP Unterscher, F Trolinger, JD Smith, LG LaRue, JC TI Holographic sensor for measurement of wall velocity gradients SO EXPERIMENTS IN FLUIDS LA English DT Article AB Time-resolved measurements of skin friction and boundary layer turbulence are important to the design of more fuel efficient aircraft. In this paper we describe the design and testing of a holographic fan fringe sensor that can non-intrusively measure time-resolved velocity gradients near an aerodynamic surface. The holographic sensor produces a set of optical interference fringes inside the viscous sub-layer that form a fan rather than a linear array. Particles scattering light in the sub-layer produce a Doppler frequency that is a direct measurement of the velocity gradient and is proportional to aerodynamic shear stress and skin friction. The holographic recording condenses the optics necessary to form the fringes into a small 3-5 mm package, eliminates the need for optical access from behind the model, and produces a compact and robust sensor. C1 WRIGHT LAB,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH. UNIV CALIF IRVINE,DEPT AEROSP & MECH ENGN,IRVINE,CA 92717. RP Millerd, JE (reprint author), METROLASER,18006 SKYPK CIR SUITE 108,IRVINE,CA 92714, USA. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0723-4864 J9 EXP FLUIDS JI Exp. Fluids PD OCT PY 1996 VL 21 IS 6 BP 469 EP 476 PG 8 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA VR120 UT WOS:A1996VR12000009 ER PT J AU Kuo, PC Plotkin, JS Whiting, JF Washburn, WK Lowell, JA Howell, CD Bartlett, ST Rubin, LJ Johnson, LB AF Kuo, PC Plotkin, JS Whiting, JF Washburn, WK Lowell, JA Howell, CD Bartlett, ST Rubin, LJ Johnson, LB TI A multicenter analysis of portopulmonary hypertension: What are the predictive capacities of screening modalities? SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT SURG,BALTIMORE,MD 21201. WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78236. UNIV CINCINNATI,CINCINNATI,OH. UNIV WASHINGTON,BARNES HOSP,ST LOUIS,MO. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD OCT PY 1996 VL 24 IS 4 SU S BP 1209 EP 1209 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA VL285 UT WOS:A1996VL28501208 ER PT J AU Purvis, BD McDaniel, JW Unger, RA Orr, CE AF Purvis, BD McDaniel, JW Unger, RA Orr, CE TI Crew station measurement methodology: A quantitative approach SO IEEE AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS MAGAZINE LA English DT Article AB An investigation of the difficulties associated with analyzing the geometric constraints placed upon the human operator in a work setting was conducted. Many workstations, such as a cockpit, have limited data available for creating the CAD models required for human performance analysis. To create a model, a time-consuming, labor-intensive process of collecting measurement data by hand must be performed, resulting in a CAD model of questionable accuracy. In order to conduct accurate repeatable analysis, CAD data for all workstations must be collected quickly and in a standardized format. A demonstration project undertaken by the USAF's Armstrong Laboratory and the Crew System Ergonomics Information Analysis Center (CSERIAC) Program Office assessed the feasibility of using Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM) technology to collect workstation geometry and create a CAD Model. Baseline data for comparing hand collection methods was derived from previous aircraft cockpit CAD modeling projects. This method involved approximately two weeks for data collection alone and another week to create the CAD model, The CMM technology was determined to be a cost-effective method for creating CAD models of aircraft cockpits. This technology substantially reduced the time required to build a high fidelity CAD model while significantly improving the accuracy of the data. C1 CREW SYST ERGON INFORMAT ANAL CTR,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH. RP Purvis, BD (reprint author), USAF,ARMSTRONG LAB,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0885-8985 J9 IEEE AERO EL SYS MAG JI IEEE Aerosp. Electron. Syst. Mag. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 11 IS 10 BP 14 EP 16 DI 10.1109/62.538796 PG 3 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA VM208 UT WOS:A1996VM20800007 ER PT J AU Read, BC AF Read, BC TI Developing the next generation cockpit display system SO IEEE AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS MAGAZINE LA English DT Article AB The goal of advanced cockpit display systems is to present large amounts of information quickly and in an understandable format, enabling the aviator to improve mission performance. Wright Laboratory is developing a program to dramatically improve current display systems. Current front-line cockpit display systems utilize low-resolution analog video to present two-dimensional (2-D) images on many separate displays. The future cockpit will be capable of integrating large picture digital video with three-dimensional (3-D) and 2-D color images. This system will be capable of rendering icons, maps; and world-views. It will be compatible with head mounted displays and multiple large displays to improve war-planning and combat aviator situational awareness. Wright Laboratory is developing this system in conjunction with Honeywell Technology Center. We are developing a massively parallel 3-D renderer which will be capable of updating 500,000 3-D triangles per second with shading, lighting, transparency, texture mapping, and hidden surface removal. The renderer design, based on a University of North Carolina pixel planes design, employs a massively parallel architecture with 1,024 ALUs per chip to display one million anti-aliased vectors per second. Current high end workstations are capable of these display goals, but fall far short of military reliability, size, and power requirements. The rendering system will be small enough to fit on one board, extensible to dual-seat configuration, and capable of up to eight windows per display channel. RP Read, BC (reprint author), USAF,WRIGHT LAB,SOLID STATE ELECT DIRECTORATE,ELED,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0885-8985 J9 IEEE AERO EL SYS MAG JI IEEE Aerosp. Electron. Syst. Mag. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 11 IS 10 BP 25 EP 28 DI 10.1109/62.538798 PG 4 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA VM208 UT WOS:A1996VM20800009 ER PT J AU Jacques, DR Canfield, RA Ridgely, B Spillman, MS AF Jacques, DR Canfield, RA Ridgely, B Spillman, MS TI A MATLAB toolbox for fixed-order, mixed-norm control synthesis SO IEEE CONTROL SYSTEMS MAGAZINE LA English DT Article AB This article introduces a MATLAB(R) toolbox for fixed order, mixed-norm control synthesis. The Mixed-Norm Toolbox contains a complete set of routines for both continuous and discrete-time systems. The problem addressed by the toolbox is that of finding a compensator which minimizes the H-2 norm of a transfer function, while constraining any combination of H infinity and/or l(1)(L(1)) norms of possibly dissimilar transfer functions to be below specified levels. Within reason, any number or combination of constraints can be added to the problem, and the method constrains the norms directly without reliance on upper bounds. The primary contribution of the Mixed-Norm Toolbox is a modular collection of norm and gradient algorithms which can be used with almost any nonlinear, constrained optimization solver. While global convergence is not guaranteed for the resulting non-convex problem, the toolbox has been successfully used to show portions of Pareto optimal curves and surfaces for a wide variety of problems. The Mixed-Norm Toolbox is being made available free of charge to the controls community. C1 WRIGHT LAB,MNAG,EGLIN AFB,FL. WRIGHT LAB,FIGC,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH. RP Jacques, DR (reprint author), USAF,INST TECHNOL,DEPT AERONAUT & ASTRONAUT,BLDG 640,2950 P ST,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0272-1708 J9 IEEE CONTR SYST MAG JI IEEE Control Syst. Mag. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 16 IS 5 BP 36 EP 44 DI 10.1109/37.537207 PG 9 WC Automation & Control Systems SC Automation & Control Systems GA VK493 UT WOS:A1996VK49300005 ER PT J AU Narayana, SM Rao, G Adve, R Sarker, TK Vannicola, VC Wicks, MC Scott, SA AF Narayana, SM Rao, G Adve, R Sarker, TK Vannicola, VC Wicks, MC Scott, SA TI Interpolation/extrapolation of frequency domain responses using the Hilbert transform SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES LA English DT Article ID MEASURED CW DATA AB The Hilbert transform relates the real and the imaginary parts of the transfer function of a causal system. The objective of this paper is to illustrate how the Hilbert transform relationship can be utilized to interpolate/extrapolate measured frequency domain responses of devices, Sample numerical examples are presented to illustrate the efficacy of this method. C1 USAF,ROME LAB,ROME,NY 13441. RP Narayana, SM (reprint author), SYRACUSE UNIV,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,SYRACUSE,NY 13244, USA. NR 12 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9480 J9 IEEE T MICROW THEORY JI IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 44 IS 10 BP 1621 EP 1627 DI 10.1109/22.538952 PN 1 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA VM860 UT WOS:A1996VM86000001 ER PT J AU Dunn, D Rappaport, CM Terzuoli, AJ AF Dunn, D Rappaport, CM Terzuoli, AJ TI FDTD verification of deep-set brain tumor hyperthermia using a spherical microwave source distribution SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES LA English DT Article ID TISSUE AB Although use of noninvasive microwave hyperthermia to treat cancer is problematic in many human body structures, careful selection of the source electric field distribution around the entire surface of the head can generate a tightly focused global power density maximum at the deepest point within the brain, An analytic prediction of the optimum volume field distribution in a layered concentric head model based on summing spherical harmonic modes is derived and presented, This ideal distribution is then verified using a three-dimensional finite difference time domain (FDTD) simulation with a discretized, MRI-based head model excited by the spherical source. The numerical computation gives a very similar dissipated power pattern as the analytic prediction, This study demonstrates that microwave hyperthermia can theoretically be a feasible cancer treatment modality for tumors in the head, providing a well-resolved ''hot-spot'' at depth without overheating any other healthy tissue. C1 USAF,INST TECHNOL,GRAD SCH ENGN,DAYTON,OH 45433. RP Dunn, D (reprint author), NORTHEASTERN UNIV,CTR ELECTROMAGNET RES,BOSTON,MA 02115, USA. NR 12 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9480 J9 IEEE T MICROW THEORY JI IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 44 IS 10 BP 1769 EP 1777 DI 10.1109/22.539934 PN 2 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA VM862 UT WOS:A1996VM86200004 ER PT J AU Cody, JT Valtier, S AF Cody, JT Valtier, S TI Detection of amphetamine following administration of fenproporex SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article RP Cody, JT (reprint author), WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236, USA. NR 8 TC 22 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU PRESTON PUBLICATIONS INC PI NILES PA 7800 MERRIMAC AVE PO BOX 48312, NILES, IL 60648 SN 0146-4760 J9 J ANAL TOXICOL JI J. Anal. Toxicol. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 20 IS 6 BP 425 EP 431 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Toxicology GA VK231 UT WOS:A1996VK23100014 PM 8889679 ER PT J AU VanScotter, JR Motowidlo, SJ AF VanScotter, JR Motowidlo, SJ TI Interpersonal facilitation and job dedication as separate facets of contextual performance SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SUPERVISORY RATINGS; TASK-PERFORMANCE; BEHAVIORS; WORK; DIMENSIONS; EXPERIENCE; IMPACT; MOOD AB This study attempts to refine the construct of contextual performance by dividing it into 2 narrower constructs, interpersonal facilitation and job dedication. Supervisors rated 975 U.S. Air Force mechanics on at least 1 of 4 aspects of job performance (different supervisors rated each aspect of performance), and 515 of these mechanics also completed self-report individual difference measures. Correlations between performance ratings and individual difference variables support distinguishing task performance from interpersonal facilitation but not from job dedication. Thus this study suggests the need to redefine task performance to include motivational elements of job dedication. Then task performance would include task proficiency and motivation to perform one's own tasks effectively, and contextual performance would include interpersonal skills, the motivation to maintain good working relationships and help others perform their tasks. C1 UNIV FLORIDA,DEPT MANAGEMENT,GAINESVILLE,FL 32611. RP VanScotter, JR (reprint author), USAF,INST TECHNOL,LAR,GRAD DEPT MANAGEMENT SYST,SCH LOGIST & ACQUISIT MANAGEMENT,2950 P ST,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. NR 32 TC 340 Z9 346 U1 11 U2 52 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 SN 0021-9010 J9 J APPL PSYCHOL JI J. Appl. Psychol. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 81 IS 5 BP 525 EP 531 DI 10.1037/0021-9010.81.5.525 PG 7 WC Psychology, Applied; Management SC Psychology; Business & Economics GA VM907 UT WOS:A1996VM90700006 ER PT J AU Haigler, BE Suen, WC Spain, JC AF Haigler, BE Suen, WC Spain, JC TI Purification and sequence analysis of 4-methyl-5-nitrocatechol oxygenase from Burkholderia sp strain DNT SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PSEUDOMONAS-SP; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; 2,4-DICHLOROPHENOL HYDROXYLASE; HETEROLOGOUS EXPRESSION; SALICYLATE HYDROXYLASE; TRICHOSPORON-CUTANEUM; PHENOL HYDROXYLASE; ORTHO-NITROPHENOL; GENE AB 4-Methyl-5-nitrocatechol (MNC) is an intermediate in the degradation of 2,4-dinitrotoluene by Buckholderia sp. strain DNT. In the presence of NADPH and oxygen, MNC monooxygenase catalyzes the removal of the nitro group from MNC to form 2-hydroxy-5-methylquinone. The gene (dntB) encoding MNC monooxgenase has been previously cloned and characterized. In order to examine the properties of RING monooxygenase and to compare it with other enzymes, we sequenced the gene encoding the MNC monooxygenase and purified the enzyme from strain DNT. dntB was localized within a 2.2-kb ApaI DNA fragment. Sequence analysis of this fragment revealed an open reading frame of 1,644 bp with an N-terminal amino acid sequence identical to that of purified MNC monooxygenase from strain DNT. Comparison of the derived amino acid sequences with those of other genes showed that DntB contains the highly conserved ADP and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) binding motifs characteristic of flavoprotein hydroxylases. MNC monooxygenase was purified to homogeneity from strain DNT by anion exchange and gel filtration chromatography. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed a single protein with a molecular weight of 60,200, which is consistent with the size determined from the gene sequence. The native molecular weight determined by gel filtration was 65,000, which indicates that the native enzyme is a monomer. It used either NADH or NADPH as electron donors, and NADPH was the preferred cofactor. The purified enzyme contained I mol of FAD per mol of protein, which is also consistent with the detection of an FAD binding motif in the amino acid sequence of DntB. MNC monooxygenase has a narrow substrate specificity, MNC and 4-nitrocatechol are good substrates whereas 3-methyl-4-nitrophenol, 3-methyl-4-nitrocatechol, 4-nitrophenol, 3-nitrophenol, and 1-chlorocatechol were not. These studies suggest that MNC monooxygenase is a flavoprotein that shares some properties with previously studied nitrophenol oxygenases. C1 AL EQ OL,TYNDALL AFB,FL 32403. NR 51 TC 35 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 178 IS 20 BP 6019 EP 6024 PG 6 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA VL472 UT WOS:A1996VL47200024 PM 8830701 ER PT J AU Robertson, DD Mall, S AF Robertson, DD Mall, S TI Incorporating fiber damage in a micromechanical analysis of metal matrix composite laminates SO JOURNAL OF COMPOSITES TECHNOLOGY & RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE metal matrix composites; composite damage; fiber failure; ultimate strength; titanium composites ID FATIGUE BEHAVIOR; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; STRENGTH; TEMPERATURE; DEFORMATION; MODEL AB A micromechanics based formulation involving me method of cells is developed to analyze metal matrix composite behavior in the presence of fiber fragmentation. The effects of fiber fracture are accounted for by determining an instantaneous effective fiber modulus from a modified chain-of-bundles approach. The analysis assumes a uniform density of fiber breakage throughout the composite. This crack density is determined from Weibull statistics whose parameters may be obtained from single-fiber tests or estimated. The ultimate strength of titanium-based metal matrix composite (MMC) laminates as well as their inelastic stress-strain response in the presence of fiber fragmentation are predicted from the present analysis which are in good agreement with the experimental counterparts. Also, the applicability of the present analysis to predict the low cycle/high stress fatigue lives of MMC laminates is demonstrated. RP Robertson, DD (reprint author), USAF,INST TECHNOL,DEPT AERONAUT & ASTRONAUT,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. NR 26 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TESTING MATERIALS PI W CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DR, W CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 SN 0884-6804 J9 J COMPOS TECH RES JI J. Compos. Technol. Res. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 18 IS 4 BP 265 EP 273 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Composites; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Polymer Science GA VN882 UT WOS:A1996VN88200004 ER PT J AU Meier, AW Brown, CE Miles, DA Analoui, M AF Meier, AW Brown, CE Miles, DA Analoui, M TI Interpretation of chemically created periapical lesions using direct digital imaging SO JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS LA English DT Article ID ENDODONTIC SUCCESS; RADIOVISIOGRAPHY; RELIABILITY; DISPLAY AB Perchloric acid (70%) was used to create simulated periapical lesions in tooth sockets of 15 dentate cadaver jaw specimens, Using the Trophy USA direct digital radiographic system, linear images were captured at selected time intervals after initial acid application and altered by contrast reversal, pseudocolor enhancement, and two forms of histogram equalization, The 525 total images were randomized for display on a computer monitor for evaluation by five endodontists. Images were evaluated twice by each rater, with viewings 1 to 2 wk apart, Statistical analysis determined interrater variability, intrarater reproducibility, and the relative merits of each enhancement technique, At 8, 12, 16, and 24 h after acid application, both techniques of histogram equalization yielded a statistically significant improvement over reverse contrast in perception of periapical patholsis, Linear and pseudocolor-enhanced images were also significantly more diagnostic than reverse contrast at 12, 16, and 24 h, Intrarater reproducibility showed moderate agreement, but analysis showed only a fair level of iraterrater agreement. C1 INDIANA UNIV,SCH DENT,ORAL & MAXILLOFACIAL IMAGING RES FACIL,INDIANAPOLIS,IN 46202. FIFTEENTH MED GRP,HICKAM AFB,HI. INDIANA UNIV,SCH DENT,GRAD PROGRAM DIAGNOST SCI,INDIANAPOLIS,IN 46202. NR 19 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0099-2399 J9 J ENDODONT JI J. Endod. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 22 IS 10 BP 516 EP 520 DI 10.1016/S0099-2399(96)80009-4 PG 5 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA VL093 UT WOS:A1996VL09300002 PM 9198437 ER PT J AU Munichandraiah, N Shukla, AK Scanlon, LG Marsh, RA AF Munichandraiah, N Shukla, AK Scanlon, LG Marsh, RA TI On the stability of lithium during ageing of Li/PEO(8)LiClO(4)/Li cells SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE lithium; solid-polymer electrolytes; passive films; diffusion ID FILM; LI; ELECTROLYTES; INTERFACE AB Symmetrical cells consisting of a thin film of PEO(3)LiClO(4) solid-polymer electrolyte sandwiched between two lithium electrodes have been subjected to galvanostatic polarization and concomitant voltage changes measured at several intervals of ageing at ambient temperature. The interfacial resistance is found to increase gradually over about 150 days of ageing. The exponential increase of cell voltage is interpreted in the light of the diffusion-limited Lithium-ion transport across the passive surface film on lithium. C1 INDIAN INST SCI,SOLID STATE & STRUCT CHEM UNIT,BANGALORE 560012,KARNATAKA,INDIA. USAF,WRIGHT LAB,BATTERY ELECTROCHEM SECT,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. RP Munichandraiah, N (reprint author), INDIAN INST SCI,DEPT INORGAN & PHYS CHEM,BANGALORE 560012,KARNATAKA,INDIA. NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD OCT PY 1996 VL 62 IS 2 BP 201 EP 206 DI 10.1016/S0378-7753(96)02426-3 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA VZ794 UT WOS:A1996VZ79400009 ER PT J AU Russell, LM Donaldson, KY Hasselman, DPH Ruh, R Adams, JW AF Russell, LM Donaldson, KY Hasselman, DPH Ruh, R Adams, JW TI Thermal diffusivity/conductivity and specific heat of mullite-zirconia-silicon carbide whisker composites SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID REINFORCED MULLITE; CONDUCTIVITY; DIFFUSIVITY; CERAMICS; PHASE AB The thermal diffusivity of mullite-ZrO2-SiCw materials was determined from 25 degrees to 1000 degrees C for composites in which the ZrO2 had different amounts of monoclinic and tetragonal phase, and varying SiCw content, At 25 degrees C the thermal diffusivity of the matrix materials increased with increasing amounts of monoclinic phase, and little or no anisotropy was seen, Composites with SiCw additions showed significant increases in thermal diffusivity and anisotropy as compared with the matrix materials. With increasing temperature, thermal diffusivities of the matrices and their respective composites decreased, and at 1000 degrees C differences mere small. Specific heat was determined from 25 degrees to 700 degrees C and thermal conductivity values calculated, Specific heat increased with temperature and was not composition dependent, except for one sample, Thermal conductivity values as a function of temperature followed the same trends as the thermal diffusivity values. C1 WRIGHT LAB,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. CORNING INC,CORNING,NY 14831. RP Russell, LM (reprint author), VIRGINIA POLYTECH INST & STATE UNIV,THERMOPHYS RES LAB,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,BLACKSBURG,VA 24061, USA. NR 16 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-6136 SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 79 IS 10 BP 2767 EP 2770 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA VP021 UT WOS:A1996VP02100038 ER PT J AU Halow, KD Harner, RC Fontenelle, LJ AF Halow, KD Harner, RC Fontenelle, LJ TI Primary skin infections secondary to Vibrio vulnificus: The role of operative intervention SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF SURGEONS LA English DT Article ID MARINE VIBRIO; GULF-COAST; SEPTICEMIA; PHAGOCYTOSIS; FEATURES AB BACKGROUND: Vibrio vulnificus can cause rapidly spreading skin and soft tissue infections with significant associated morbidity and mortality. Patients with underlying chronic illness, such as cirrhosis, diabetes mellitus, or immunosuppression, have been noted to be at high risk for rapid progression of this infection. The importance of early antibiotic therapy has been reported but the role of operative intervention in these patients is less clear. STUDY DESIGN: We report seven patients who were operatively treated from April 28, 1991 to September 22, 1995 for primary skin and soft tissue infections secondary to Vibrio vulnificus. We have also reviewed the recent literature. The impact of several variables including shock, increased white blood cell count, fever, and the timing of operative intervention on the length of hospital stay and intensive care unit stay was analyzed using the Spearman rank correlation. The impact of early compared with late operative intervention was analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test. All patients had a history of underlying chronic illness and presented with skin infections in association with recent exposure to saltwater and to shellfish. No patient presented earlier than 24 hours from the time of initial infection. All patients underwent operative exploration within 46 hours of admission with thorough operative debridement of all necrotic tissue. infection was confined to the skin and subcutaneous tissue. RESULTS: There was no mortality among our patients. The presence of perioperative shock, fever, or elevated white blood cell count did not correlate with an increased intensive care unit stay or an increased hospital stay. Earlier operative exploration and debridement correlated with a decrease in the intensive care unit stay (p<0.02, correlation coefficient=0.991) and in the hospital stay (p<0.02, correlation coefficient=0.929). Patients who underwent debridement within 72 hours from the time of the infection had a significantly shorter intensive care unit stay (p=0.0323) and total hospital stay (p=0.0339). CONCLUSIONS: We advocate operative exploration and thorough debridement of all necrotic tissue in high-risk patients with primary Vibrio vulnificus skin and soft tissue infections. C1 VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,SURG SERV 112,BILOXI,MS 39531. USAF,MED CTR,CLIN RES LAB,81ST MED GRP,KEESLER AFB,MS 39534. NR 26 TC 33 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL SURGEONS PI CHICAGO PA 54 EAST ERIE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60611 SN 1072-7515 J9 J AM COLL SURGEONS JI J. Am. Coll. Surg. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 183 IS 4 BP 329 EP 334 PG 6 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA VK820 UT WOS:A1996VK82000005 PM 8843261 ER PT J AU Sabol, C Draim, J Cefola, PJ AF Sabol, C Draim, J Cefola, PJ TI Refinement of a sun-synchronous, critically inclined orbit for the ELLIPSO(TM) personal communication system SO JOURNAL OF THE ASTRONAUTICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT AAS / AIAA Astrodynamics Specialist Conference CY AUG 14-17, 1995 CL HALIFAX, CANADA SP AAS, AIAA AB This paper refines a sun-synchronous, critically inclined orbit with application to the ELLIPSO(TM) global personal communications system. Previous work has shown this class of orbit to be maintainable in the presence of long-term perturbations. The original versions of the orbit did, however, experience significant atmospheric drag and tesseral resonance effects (due to the eight revolution per nodal day repeat ground track cycle). A convenient strategy for reducing these adverse effects has been found: (1) tesseral effects are alleviated by increasing the repeat cycle from one day (with eight orbits) to ten days (with eighty-one orbits) and (2) eccentricity and semi-major axis adjustments to maintain sun-synchronism also raise the perigee and thus reduce drag. However, the application of the ELLIPSO Borealis(TM) constellation requires the orbital planes studied in the previous work to be rotated by 90 degrees in longitude of ascending node. This introduces significant solar radiation pressure effects which must be countered in the stationkeeping process. The new orbits still reduce the maneuvering fuel required while the coverage implications of the refined orbits are minimal. C1 MOBILE COMMUN HOLDINGS INC,WASHINGTON,DC 20036. CHARLES STARK DRAPER LAB INC,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. RP Sabol, C (reprint author), USAF,PHILLIPS LAB VT ASTRODYNAM,KIRTLAND AFB,NM 87117, USA. NR 23 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER ASTRONAUTICAL SOC PI SPRINGFIELD PA 6352 ROLLING MILL PLACE SUITE 102, SPRINGFIELD, VA 22152 SN 0021-9142 J9 J ASTRONAUT SCI JI J. Astronaut. Sci. PD OCT-DEC PY 1996 VL 44 IS 4 BP 467 EP 489 PG 23 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA XF358 UT WOS:A1996XF35800003 ER PT J AU DeLong, ML Duncan, BD Parker, JH AF DeLong, ML Duncan, BD Parker, JH TI Volume-holographic memory for laser threat discrimination SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Topical Meeting on Photorefractive Materials, Effects, and Devices CY JUN, 1995 CL ESTES PK, CO ID PHOTOREFRACTIVE MEDIA; MULTIPLEXED STORAGE; LINBO3; CRYSTALS; READOUT; GRATINGS AB Using conventional volume-holographic angle multiplexing in an Fe:LihTbO(3) crystal, we have developed a compact laser threat discriminator, intended for aircraft integration, that optically detects laser spatial coherence and angle of arrival while simultaneously rejecting incoherent background sources, such as the Sun. The device is intended for a specific type of psychophysical laser attack against U.S. Air Force pilots, namely, third-world-country exploitation of inexpensive and powerful cw Ar-ion or doubled Nd:YAG lasers in the visible spectrum to blind or disorient U.S. pilots. The component does not solve the general tactical laser weapon situation, which includes identifying precision-guided munitions, range finders, and lidar systems that use pulsed infrared lasers. These are fundamentally different threats requiring different detector solutions. The device incorporates a sequence of highly redundant, simple black-and-white warning patterns that are keyed to be reconstructed as the incident laser threat, playing the role of an uncooperative probe beam, changes angle with respect to the crystal. The device tracks both azimuth and elevation, using a nonconventional hologram viewing system. Recording and playback conditions are simplified because nonzero cross talk is a desirable feature of this discriminator, inasmuch as our application requires a nonzero probability of detection for arbitrary directions of arrival within the sensor's field of view. The device can exploit phase-matched grating trade-off with probe-beam wavelength, accommodating wavelength-tunable threats, while still maintaining high direction-of-arrival tracking accuracy. (C) 1996 Optical Society of America. C1 UNIV DAYTON, CTR ELECTROOPT, DAYTON, OH 45469 USA. WRIGHT LAB, LASER SENSOR TECHNOL LAB, ELECTROOPT TECHNOL DIV, AVION DIRECTORATE, WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP DeLong, ML (reprint author), SYST RES LABS INC, 2800 INDIAN RIPPLE RD, DAYTON, OH 45440 USA. NR 43 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0740-3224 J9 J OPT SOC AM B JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 13 IS 10 BP 2198 EP 2208 DI 10.1364/JOSAB.13.002198 PG 11 WC Optics SC Optics GA VM990 UT WOS:A1996VM99000013 ER PT J AU Wadia, AR Copenhaver, WW AF Wadia, AR Copenhaver, WW TI An investigation of the effect of cascade area ratios on transonic compressor performance SO JOURNAL OF TURBOMACHINERY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 39th International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition CY JUN 13-16, 1994 CL THE HAGUE, NETHERLANDS ID ROTORS AB Transonic compressor rotor performance is highly sensitive to variations in cascade area ratios. This paper reports on the design, experimental evaluation, and three dimensional viscous analysis of four low-aspect-ratio transonic rotors that demonstrate the effects of cascade throat area, internal contraction, and trailing edge effective camber on compressor performance. The cascade throat area study revealed that tight throat margins result in increased high-speed efficiency with lower part-speed performance. Stall line was also improved slightly over a wide range of speeds with a lower throat-to-upstream capture area ratio. Higher internal contraction, expressed as throat-to-mouth area untie, also results in increased design point peak efficiency, but again costs performance at the lower speeds. Reducing the trailing edge effective camber, expressed as throat-to-exit area ratio, results in an improvement in peak efficiency level without significantly lowering the stall line. Among all four rotors, the best high-speed efficiency was obtained by the rotor with a tight throat margin and highest internal contraction, bur its efficiency was the lowest at part speed. The best compromise between high speed and part-speed efficiency was achieved by the rotor with a large throat and a lower trailing edge effective camber. The difference in the shock structure and the shock boundary layer interaction of the four blades was analyzed using a three-dimensional viscous code. The analytical results are used to supplement the data and provide further insight into the detailed physics of the flow field. C1 USAF,WRIGHT LAB,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. RP Wadia, AR (reprint author), GE AIRCRAFT ENGINES,1 NEUMANN WAY,CINCINNATI,OH 45215, USA. NR 12 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 0889-504X J9 J TURBOMACH JI J. Turbomach.-Trans. ASME PD OCT PY 1996 VL 118 IS 4 BP 760 EP 770 PG 11 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA VP982 UT WOS:A1996VP98200017 ER PT J AU Bons, JP MacArthur, CD Rivir, RB AF Bons, JP MacArthur, CD Rivir, RB TI The effect of high free-stream turbulence on film cooling effectiveness SO JOURNAL OF TURBOMACHINERY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 39th International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition CY JUN 13-16, 1994 CL THE HAGUE, NETHERLANDS ID HEAT-TRANSFER; FLOW; JET AB This study investigated the adiabatic wall cooling effectiveness of a single row of film cooling holes injecting into a turbulent plate boundary layer below a turbulent, zero pressure gradient free stream. Levels of free-stream turbulence (Tu) up to 17.4 percent were generated using a method that simulates conditions at a gas turbine combustor exit. Film cooling was injected from a single row of five 35 deg slant-hole injectors (length/diameter = 3.5, pitch/diameter = 3.0) at blowing ratios from 0.55 to 1.85 and at a nearly constant density ratio (coolant density/free-stream density) of 0.95. Film cooling effectiveness data are presented for Tu levels ranging from 0.9 to 17 percent at a constant free-stream Reynolds number based on injection hole diameter of 19,000. Results show that elevated levers of free-stream turbulence reduce film cooling effectiveness by up to 70 percent in the region directly downstream of the injection hole due to enhanced mixing. At the same time, high free-stream turbulence also produces a 50-100 percent increase in film cooling effectiveness in the region between injection holes. This is due to accelerated spanwise diffusion of the cooling fluid, which also produces an earlier merger of the coolant jets from adjacent holes. RP Bons, JP (reprint author), USAF,WRIGHT LAB,AERO PROPULS & POWER DIRECTORATE,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. RI Bons, Jeffrey/N-9854-2014 NR 14 TC 45 Z9 46 U1 1 U2 6 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 0889-504X J9 J TURBOMACH JI J. Turbomach.-Trans. ASME PD OCT PY 1996 VL 118 IS 4 BP 814 EP 825 PG 12 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA VP982 UT WOS:A1996VP98200023 ER PT J AU Marek, J Mills, JL Harvich, J Cui, HY Fujitani, RM AF Marek, J Mills, JL Harvich, J Cui, HY Fujitani, RM TI Utility of routine carotid duplex screening in patients who have claudication SO JOURNAL OF VASCULAR SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th Annual Meeting of the Western-Vascular-Society CY JAN 21-24, 1996 CL LAGUNA NIGUEL, CA SP W Vasc Soc ID PERIPHERAL VASCULAR-DISEASE; NATURAL-HISTORY; STENOSIS; STROKE; PREVALENCE; SURGERY; ARTERY; POPULATION; COST AB Purpose: The recently published Asymptomatic Carotid Atherosclerosis Study (ACAS) demonstrated the benefit of performing carotid endarterectomy in selected asymptomatic patients who have >60% carotid stenoses. It therefore becomes clinically important to identify the subgroups of patients who have a sufficiently high incidence of high-grade carotid stenosis to warrant routine carotid duplex screening. Methods: To determine the incidence of asymptomatic carotid disease in patients who had a chief complaint of claudication, we evaluated 188 patients who had claudication and no history of cerebrovascular symptoms. After a complete history was taken and a physical examination performed, patients underwent standard lower-extremity noninvasive vascular laboratory studies and carotid duplex scanning. Carotid duplex findings were interpreted by the Strandness criteria. Associated atherosclerotic risk factors were assessed (patient age, male sex, diabetes, hypertension, smoking history, lipid levels, history of coronary artery disease, coronary or vascular surgery, and family history of cerebrovascular disease). Presence of a carotid bruit was also noted. Univariate analysis, logistic regression, and odds ratios were performed to identify subgroups of patients that had an increased incidence of significant carotid disease. Results: Of the 188 patients with claudication who were screened, 8% had an internal carotid artery stenosis of 16% to 49%, 21.8% had a stenosis that exceeded 50%, and 2.7% had an occluded internal carotid artery. The presence of a carotid bruit on physical examination was predictive of a greater than or equal to 50% internal carotid artery stenosis (p = 0.027). The ankle-brachial index was highly predictive of the presence of carotid stenoses in an inverse relationship (p = 0.001). Patient age approached significance (p = 0.143). Patients older than 65 years of age who had claudication, an ankle-brachial index less than 0.7, and a carotid bruit had a 45%, incidence of significant carotid disease. The atherosclerotic risk factors of male sex, diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, smoking history, coronary history, previous coronary or vascular surgical history, and family history were nor predictive of the presence of a >50% carotid stenosis. Conclusions: In patients who seek medical attention with the chief complaint of claudication and p;ho have no cerebrovascular symptoms, there is a 24.5% incidence of a >50% internal. carotid artery stenosis or occlusion on duplex examination. Select subsets of these patients have upwards of a 45% incidence of significant asymptomatic carotid disease. All patients who seek medical attention with claudication should therefore undergo routine carotid duplex screening to detect asymptomatic high-grade stenosis. C1 UNIV ARIZONA,COLL MED,VASC SURG SECT,TUCSON,AZ 85724. WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,VASC SURG SECT,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236. OI Mills, Joseph/0000-0002-4955-4384 NR 18 TC 52 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0741-5214 J9 J VASC SURG JI J. Vasc. Surg. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 24 IS 4 BP 572 EP 577 DI 10.1016/S0741-5214(96)70072-1 PG 6 WC Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA VN192 UT WOS:A1996VN19200013 PM 8911405 ER PT J AU Massey, SO AF Massey, SO TI Military-trained otolaryngologists SO LARYNGOSCOPE LA English DT Letter RP Massey, SO (reprint author), USAF,MED CTR,CFS,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LARYNGOSCOPE CO PI ST LOUIS PA 10 S BROADWAY 14TH FLOOR, ST LOUIS, MO 63102-1741 SN 0023-852X J9 LARYNGOSCOPE JI Laryngoscope PD OCT PY 1996 VL 106 IS 10 BP 1316 EP 1316 DI 10.1097/00005537-199610000-00029 PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Otorhinolaryngology SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Otorhinolaryngology GA VL057 UT WOS:A1996VL05700028 ER PT J AU Carlson, JL AF Carlson, JL TI Land of rivers: America in word and image - Mancall,PC SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review RP Carlson, JL (reprint author), VANDENBERG AFB LIB,VANDENBERG AFB,CA 93437, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 121 IS 16 BP 112 EP 112 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA VL060 UT WOS:A1996VL06000203 ER PT J AU Convertino, VA AF Convertino, VA TI Clinical aspects of the control of plasma volume at microgravity and during return to one gravity SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Cardiovascular Research in Space CY SEP 12-14, 1995 CL DALLAS, TX SP Int Space Life Sci Strateg Planning Working Grp, NASA, Univ Texas SW Med Ctr, Univ Space Res Assoc, Div Space Life Sci DE spaceflight; central venous pressure; VO2max; orthostatism; renal function; blood volume; hydration ID CARDIOPULMONARY BAROREFLEX CONTROL; FOREARM VASCULAR-RESISTANCE; CENTRAL VENOUS-PRESSURE; DOWN BED REST; SPACE-FLIGHT; ORTHOSTATIC HYPOTENSION; ELECTROLYTE SHIFTS; WATER IMMERSION; EXERCISE; RESPONSES AB Plasma volume is reduced by 10-20% within 24-48 h of exposure to simulated or actual microgravity. The clinical importance of microgravity induced hypovolemia is manifested by its relationship with orthostatic intolerance and reduced maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) after return to one gravity (1G). Since there is no evidence to suggest that plasma volume reduction during microgravity is associated with thirst or renal dysfunctions, a diuresis induced by an immediate blood volume shift to the central circulation appears responsible for microgravity-induced hypovolemia. Since most astronauts choose to restrict their fluid intake before a space mission, absence of increased urine output during actual space flight may be explained by low central venous pressure (CVP) which accompanies dehydration. Compelling evidence suggests that prolonged reduction in CVP during exposure to microgravity reflects a ''resetting'' to a lower operating point, which acts to limit plasma volume expansion during attempts to increase fluid intake. In groundbased and space flight experiments, successful restoration and maintenance of plasma volume prior to returning to an upright posture may depend upon development of treatments that can return CVP to its baseline 1G operating point. Fluid-loading and lower body negative pressure (LBNP) have not proved completely effective in restoring plasma volume, suggesting that they may not provide the stimulus to elevate the CVP operating point. On the other hand, exercise, which can chronically increase CVP, has been effective in expanding plasma volume when combined with adequate dietary intake of fluid and electrolytes. The success of designing experiments to understand the physiological mechanisms of and development of effective countermeasures for the control of plasma volume in microgravity and during return to 1G will depend upon testing that can be conducted under standardized controlled baseline conditions during both ground-based and space flight investigations. RP Convertino, VA (reprint author), ARMSTRONG LAB,AOCY,DIV CLIN SCI,PHYSIOL RES BRANCH,2507 KENNEDY CIR,BROOKS AFB,TX 78235, USA. NR 44 TC 50 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 28 IS 10 SU S BP S45 EP S52 PG 8 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA VN545 UT WOS:A1996VN54500011 PM 8897404 ER PT J AU John, R Khobaib, M Smith, PR AF John, R Khobaib, M Smith, PR TI Prediction of creep-rupture life of unidirectional titanium matrix composites subjected to transverse loading SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID BEHAVIOR AB Titanium matrix composites (TMCs) incorporating unidirectional fiber reinforcement are considered as enabling materials technology for advanced engines which require high specific strength and elevated temperature capability. The resistance of unidirectional TMCs to deformation under longitudinally applied sustained loading at elevated temperatures has been well documented. Many investigators have shown that the primary weakness of the unidirectional TMC is its susceptibility to failure under very low transverse loads, especially under sustained loading. Hence, a reliable model is required to predict the creep-rupture life of TMCs subjected to different transverse stress levels over a wide range of temperatures. In this article, we propose a model to predict the creep-rupture life of unidirectionaI TMC subjected to transverse loading based on the creep-rupture life of unidirectional TMC subjected to transverse loading based on the creep-rupture behavior of the corresponding fiberless matrix. The model assumes that during transverse loading, the effective load-carrying matrix ligament along a row of fibers controls the creep-rupture strength and the fibers do not contribute to the creep resistance of the composite. The proposed modal was verified using data obtained from different TMC fabricated using three matrix compositions, which exhibited distinctly different types of creep behavior. The results show that the creep-rupture life of the transverse TMC decreases linearly with increasing ratio of the fiber diameter to the ply thickness. The creep-rupture life is also predicted to be independent of fiber spacing along the length of the specimen. C1 USAF,WRIGHT LAB,MAT DIRECTORATE,WL MLLN,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. RP John, R (reprint author), UNIV DAYTON,RES INST,STRUCT INTEGR DIV,ADV MAT CHARACTERIZAT GRP,DAYTON,OH 45419, USA. NR 16 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 27 IS 10 BP 3074 EP 3080 DI 10.1007/BF02663856 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA VM042 UT WOS:A1996VM04200022 ER PT J AU Nicolaou, PD Semiatin, SL Lombard, CM AF Nicolaou, PD Semiatin, SL Lombard, CM TI Simulation of the hot-tension test under cavitating conditions SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID STRAIN-RATE SENSITIVITY; NUMERICAL-ANALYSIS; FRACTURE; ALLOYS AB A theoretical analysis of the isothermal hot-tension test under cavitating conditions for sheet samples was performed using a ''direct-equilibrium'' approach. The effects of cavity growth rate eta, initial cavity volume fraction C-nu 0, strain-rate sensitivity exponent m, and specimen taper on engineering stress-strain curves, strain profiles, and failure modes were established. For a given value of m, it was predicted that the engineering stress-strain curves of cavitating and noncavitating samples are almost coincident except near failure. In fact, during quasistable deformation, the required load for a cavitating material is slightly higher than that for a noncavitating material because of strain rate and effective area effects. Model, results also delineated the competition between failure controlled by localized necking vs fracture, the latter being defined by a critical-volume fraction of cavities, Specifically, at low strain-rate sensitivities m and cavity growth rates eta, failure was predicted to be controlled by necking. By contrast, at high values of m and eta, fracture prior to localized necking was predicted to predominate; in these cases, the cross-sectional area at the failure site was appreciable, thus resembling a form of brittle fracture. The validity of the modeling approach was confirmed through the analysis of data in the literature. However, model results did suggest that caution should be taken in the interpretation of experimental data because various combinations of C-nu 0 and eta can result in the same total elongation. C1 UNIVERSAL ENERGY SYST INC,DIV MAT & PROC,DAYTON,OH 45432. WRIGHT LAB,MLLN,DIV MET & CERAM,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. RI SEMIATIN, SHELDON/E-7264-2017 NR 15 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 27 IS 10 BP 3112 EP 3119 DI 10.1007/BF02663861 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA VM042 UT WOS:A1996VM04200027 ER PT J AU Matikas, TE Crane, RL AF Matikas, TE Crane, RL TI Ultrasonic nondestructive techniques for materials characterization SO MRS BULLETIN LA English DT Editorial Material RP Matikas, TE (reprint author), USAF,WRIGHT LAB,MAT DIRECTORATE,MLLP,2230 10TH ST,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. RI Matikas, Theodore/I-2803-2012 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MC KNIGHT ROAD SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0883-7694 J9 MRS BULL JI MRS Bull. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 21 IS 10 BP 18 EP 19 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA VP524 UT WOS:A1996VP52400006 ER PT J AU Rokhlin, SI Matikas, TE AF Rokhlin, SI Matikas, TE TI Ultrasonic characterization of surfaces and interphases SO MRS BULLETIN LA English DT Article ID METAL-MATRIX COMPOSITES; VELOCITY DATA; ACOUSTIC MICROSCOPY; MULTILAYERED FIBERS; BOUNDARY-CONDITIONS; OXIDATION DAMAGE; WAVE INTERACTION; RAYLEIGH-WAVES; THIN-FILM; 2 SOLIDS C1 USAF,WRIGHT LAB,MAT DIRECTORATE,MLLP,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. RP Rokhlin, SI (reprint author), OHIO STATE UNIV,DEPT WELDING ENGN,258A WE LABS,190 W 19TH AVE,COLUMBUS,OH 43210, USA. RI Matikas, Theodore/I-2803-2012 NR 73 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MC KNIGHT ROAD SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0883-7694 J9 MRS BULL JI MRS Bull. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 21 IS 10 BP 22 EP 29 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA VP524 UT WOS:A1996VP52400007 ER PT J AU Restaino, SR McBroom, RJ Baker, J Carreras, RA Loos, GC AF Restaino, SR McBroom, RJ Baker, J Carreras, RA Loos, GC TI Visible interferometric coupling of two telescopes through single mode optical fibers SO OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE optical fibers; interferometry; astronomical imaging AB The diameter of large conventional astronomical telescopes is currently restricted to the range of eight to ten meters. With this limitation in mind, there is an emerging interest in various applications of optical interferometry which would allow the synthesis of apertures larger than can be realized using current mirror fabrication technologies. Interferometry allows the substitution of the separation between telescopes to determine the limiting resolution rather than the diffraction limited resolving power of the individual telescope aperture(s). The implementation of this process, however, requires solutions to a number of difficult problems in the transport and recombination of optical wavefronts. The use of single mode (SM) optical fibers to transport and recombine optical wavefronts in interferometers offers a number of advantages as compared to other, more established techniques, yet suffers from an inefficient coupling of the wavefront energy into the very narrow fiber cores. We present preliminary results of an experiment in which interferometric recombination of wavefronts from two telescopes using SM fibers was used to obtain white light fringes on the bright star Arcturus (alpha Bootis). Our experience leads us to believe that for many imaging applications the continued development of fiber based interferometry will yield significant resolution gains over the diffraction limited performance associated with conventional monolithic aperture systems. C1 ROCKWELL POWER SYST CO,KIRTLAND AFB,NM 87117. RP Restaino, SR (reprint author), USAF,PHILLIPS LAB,LIMI,35550 ABERDEEN SE,KIRTLAND AFB,NM 87117, USA. NR 6 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0030-4018 J9 OPT COMMUN JI Opt. Commun. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 130 IS 4-6 BP 231 EP 234 DI 10.1016/0030-4018(96)00359-8 PG 4 WC Optics SC Optics GA VH674 UT WOS:A1996VH67400003 ER PT J AU Miller, MD Wirth, MA Rockwood, CA AF Miller, MD Wirth, MA Rockwood, CA TI Thawing the frozen shoulder: The ''patient'' patient SO ORTHOPEDICS LA English DT Article ID ADHESIVE CAPSULITIS; DIABETES-MELLITUS; JOINT MOBILITY; LIMITATION AB Many different modalities have been advocated for the treatment of frozen shoulder (adhesive capsulitis), some of which can be associated with complications and morbidity. We retrospectively reviewed 50 patients with adhesive capsulitis treated by the senior author over a 10-year period. Treatment consisted of closely monitored home therapy using moist heat and antiinflammatory medication, and a physician-directed rehabilitation program. Without exception, every patient regained a significant amount of motion and returned to activities of daily living without pain. C1 USAF,ACAD HOSP,DEPT ORTHOPED,COLORADO SPRINGS,CO. NR 43 TC 60 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 1 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 SN 0147-7447 J9 ORTHOPEDICS JI Orthopedics PD OCT PY 1996 VL 19 IS 10 BP 849 EP 853 PG 5 WC Orthopedics SC Orthopedics GA VN774 UT WOS:A1996VN77400006 PM 8905857 ER PT J AU Ender, PT Dooley, DP Moore, RH AF Ender, PT Dooley, DP Moore, RH TI Vascular catheter-related Comamonas acidovorans bacteremia managed with preservation of the catheter SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Comamonas acidovorans; vascular catheter infection; bacteremia ID INFECTIONS C1 BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,DEPT PEDIAT,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234. BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,DEPT INFECT DIS,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234. RP Ender, PT (reprint author), WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,DEPT INFECT DIS,PSMI,2200 BERQUIST DR STE 1,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236, USA. NR 11 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 15 IS 10 BP 918 EP 920 DI 10.1097/00006454-199610000-00021 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA VL708 UT WOS:A1996VL70800019 PM 8895931 ER PT J AU Newell, TC Kovanis, V Gavrielides, A Bennett, P AF Newell, TC Kovanis, V Gavrielides, A Bennett, P TI Observation of the concurrent creation and annihilation of periodic orbits in a nonlinear RLC circuit SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID DOUBLING CASCADES; CHAOTIC BEHAVIOR; ANTIMONOTONICITY; OSCILLATOR; BIFURCATION; CO2-LASER; LASER AB We have numerically investigated and experimentally demonstrated the presence of antimonotonicity: the concurrent creation and destruction of periodic orbits in a driven nonlinear RLC circuit. A simple manifestation of antimonotonicity is the formation of dimples in a high iterate return map. The evolution of such dimples allows for both contact making and contact breaking homoclinic tangencies of the stable and unstable manifolds. Both numerical and experimental return maps unequivocally exhibit the formation of such dimples. The experimental time series were captured using a 16-bit resolution digitizer allowing for a faithful computation of the high iterate return maps. RP Newell, TC (reprint author), USAF,PHILLIPS LAB,NONLINEAR OPT CTR,PL-LIDN 3550 ABERDEEN AVE SE,KIRTLAND AFB,NM 87117, USA. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD OCT PY 1996 VL 54 IS 4 BP 3581 EP 3590 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.54.3581 PN A PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA VN176 UT WOS:A1996VN17600070 ER PT J AU Socci, EP Thomas, DA Eby, RK Grubb, DT Adams, WW AF Socci, EP Thomas, DA Eby, RK Grubb, DT Adams, WW TI Orientation changes in Kevlar(R) 49 under axial compression SO POLYMER LA English DT Article DE poly(paraphenylene terephthalamide); fibre; compression ID FIBERS; BEHAVIOR; DEFORMATION AB The orientation of crystals in a single Kevlar(R) 49 fibre has been measured by X-ray diffraction using a microcompressive device and the Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source (CHESS). The data show that the orientation with respect to the fibre axis decreases with increasing axial compressive strain. The birefringence has been measured on the same sample with a polarizing optical microscope and a tilting compensator. The results show that the birefringence decreases with increasing axial compressive strain. This also is consistent with a decreasing crystal orientation with increasing strain. Both effects are slightly nonlinear and a graph of the full width at half maximum of the crystal orientation versus birefringence is nearly linear. The decreasing crystal orientation in compression is opposite to the increasing orientation with increasing tensile strain. The tensile effect increases the fibre modulus. The compressive effect, on the other hand, should decrease the modulus. The former has a limiting effect, but the latter could have the opposite and might contribute to compressive failure. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 UNIV AKRON,DEPT & INST POLYMER SCI,AKRON,OH 44325. CORNELL UNIV,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,ITHACA,NY 14852. USAF,WRIGHT LAB,MAT DIRECTORATE,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. RI Adams, Wade/A-7305-2010 NR 27 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0032-3861 J9 POLYMER JI Polymer PD OCT PY 1996 VL 37 IS 22 BP 5005 EP 5009 DI 10.1016/0032-3861(96)00527-7 PG 5 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA VP188 UT WOS:A1996VP18800015 ER PT J AU Faller, WE Schreck, SJ AF Faller, WE Schreck, SJ TI Neural networks: Applications and opportunities in aeronautics SO PROGRESS IN AEROSPACE SCIENCES LA English DT Article AB Technologies based on neural networks are currently being developed which may assist in addressing a wide range of complex problems in aeronautics. The review indicates that the proper utilization of this technology offers a feasible approach to help meet current and future technological needs. This might include, but is not limited to, the following: the implementation of active control devices to harness or suppress unsteady aerodynamic effects such as dynamic stall on helicopter rotor blades; the parallel data processing of 10s to 1000s of sensors either for actuation and control or for system and component 'health' monitoring and fault detection; the development of simulators and control algorithms for severe, 'unsteady', six degree-of-freedom vehicle maneuvers where the linearized equations of motion do not adequately describe the vehicle dynamics; and the requirement to monitor these sensors, simulate the maneuvers and instigate control all on a time-scale which must be faster than the real-time phenomena. Clearly, neural networks alone will not solve these problems. However, neural networks provide a practical approach for determining solutions of complex nonlinear problems such as equations of motion, for the parallel processing of 1000s of sensors, and this can be achieved with the required computational speed. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,DEPT MECH ENGN,BALTIMORE,MD 21218. USAF,OFF SCI RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20330. NR 37 TC 30 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0376-0421 J9 PROG AEROSP SCI JI Prog. Aeosp. Sci. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 32 IS 5 BP 433 EP 456 DI 10.1016/0376-0421(95)00011-9 PG 24 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA VT331 UT WOS:A1996VT33100002 ER PT J AU Pennington, DJ Lonergan, GJ Flack, CE Waguespack, RL Jackson, CB AF Pennington, DJ Lonergan, GJ Flack, CE Waguespack, RL Jackson, CB TI Experimental pyelonephritis in piglets: Diagnosis with MR imaging SO RADIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 Meeting of the Radiological-Society-of-North-America CY NOV 26-DEC 01, 1995 CL CHICAGO, IL SP Radiol Soc N Amer DE kidney; magnetic resonance (MR), comparative studies; nephritis ID TC-99M-DMSA SCINTIGRAPHY; CORTICAL SCINTIGRAPHY; URINARY-TRACT; CHILDREN; EVOLUTION; REFLUX; SCAR; ECHO AB PURPOSE: To compare findings at magnetic resonance (MR) imaging with those at histopathologic examination in the detection of experimentally induced pyelonephritis in piglets. MATERIALS AND METHODS: MR imaging was performed in 23 piglets with and nine piglets without experimentally induced pyelonephritis. Escherichia coli were injected into the bladder of the 23 piglets with surgically created vesicoureteral reflux. Imaging was performed with unenhanced and contrast material-enhanced T1-weighted and fast multiplanar inversion-recovery (IR) and fast spin-echo 2-weighted sequences. MR images and pathologic findings were reviewed independently by two pediatric radiologists and a pathologist, respectively, in a blinded fashion. RESULTS: Sixty-four kidneys and 192 renal zones were evaluated, Coronal gadolinium-enhanced fast multiplanar IR imaging was the only sequence that was sensitive and specific for the diagnosis of pyelonephritis. For the two reviewers, respectively, sensitivity was 85% (n=75) and 92% (n=81) of 88 histopathologically positive zones and specificity was 95% (n=99) and 94% (n=98) of 104 pathologically negative zones. Findings at gadolinium-enhanced fast multiplanar IR imaging were not statistically different from findings at histopathologic examination in the detection of pyelonephritis. Interobserver reproducibility for the contrast-enhanced fast multiplanar IR sequence was excellent (kappa statistic=0.82 and 0.90, respectively, for interpretation of a renal zone and of a kidney). CONCLUSION: Contrast-enhanced fast multiplanar IR imaging is a sensitive and specific test for detection of experimental pyelonephritis in this piglet model. C1 WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,DEPT SURG,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236. WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,CLIN INVESTIGAT DIRECTORATE,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236. RP Pennington, DJ (reprint author), WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,DEPT RADIOL,PSRD,2200 BERGQUIST DR,STE 1,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236, USA. NR 20 TC 38 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 0 PU RADIOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PI EASTON PA 20TH AND NORTHAMPTON STS, EASTON, PA 18042 SN 0033-8419 J9 RADIOLOGY JI Radiology PD OCT PY 1996 VL 201 IS 1 BP 199 EP 205 PG 7 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA VJ114 UT WOS:A1996VJ11400041 PM 8816544 ER PT J AU Semiatin, SL Dutton, RE Goetz, RL AF Semiatin, SL Dutton, RE Goetz, RL TI A simple analysis of the hot consolidation of metal-matrix composite panels from tapecast monotape layups SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article C1 UNIVERSAL ENERGY SYST INC, DAYTON, OH 45432 USA. RP Semiatin, SL (reprint author), USAF, WRIGHT LAB, MAT DIRECTORATE, MLLN, WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB, OH 45433 USA. RI SEMIATIN, SHELDON/E-7264-2017 NR 12 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 35 IS 7 BP 855 EP 860 DI 10.1016/1359-6462(96)00203-5 PG 6 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA VF970 UT WOS:A1996VF97000012 ER PT J AU Lin, SCJ Skapek, SX Lee, EYHP AF Lin, SCJ Skapek, SX Lee, EYHP TI Genes in the RB pathway and their knockout in mice SO SEMINARS IN CANCER BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cell cycle regulators; gene knockout; RB; tumor suppressor genes ID TUMOR-SUPPRESSOR GENE; DEPENDENT KINASE INHIBITOR; CELL-CYCLE PROGRESSION; RETINOBLASTOMA PROTEIN; TRANSGENIC MICE; CHIMERIC MICE; CDK INHIBITOR; S-PHASE; E2F; P53 AB The retinoblastoma susceptibility gene (RB) the first identified human tumor suppressor gene, has been shown to be directly involved in the genesis of a variety of human cancers. RB is actually one of a family of three closely related genes including p107 and p130. Many elegant biochemical studies have demonstrated that RB is a critical component of the cell cycle regulatory machinery and have characterized the downstream effecters which the RB gene product regulates. More recent advances have demonstrated that the function of RB and RB-related genes is positively and negatively regulated by an intricate network of cell cycle regulatory proteins, some of which have also been implicated as tumor suppressor genes. Despite the detailed understanding of these biochemical and genetic pathways, the full function of genes in the RB pathway in the context of a whole organism is only now being addressed. Using gene knockout technology, it is now known that RB, and RB-related proteins p107 and p130, have important functions during early mouse development. Furthermore, despite its ubiquitous expression, RB has tissue- and cell-type specific effects which account for its function as a tumor suppressor but may also be independent of its role as a cell cycle regulator Analysis of mice lacking regulatory genes upstream of RB and effector genes downstream of RB have confirmed that other genes in this pathway have tissue-specific effects on development and tumor susceptibility in mice. C1 WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,DEPT PEDIAT ONCOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78236. RP Lin, SCJ (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MOL MED,INST BIOTECHNOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78245, USA. NR 71 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX SN 1044-579X J9 SEMIN CANCER BIOL JI Semin. Cancer Biol. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 7 IS 5 BP 279 EP 289 DI 10.1006/scbi.1996.0036 PG 11 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA WR795 UT WOS:A1996WR79500007 PM 9110405 ER PT J AU Veley, DE Rao, SS AF Veley, DE Rao, SS TI A comparison of active, passive and hybrid damping in structural design SO SMART MATERIALS & STRUCTURES LA English DT Article ID ELEMENT; FREQUENCY AB The QUAD4 element found in ASTROS is modified to include piezoelectric layers and a viscoelastic layer. These features are developed and combined to allow for active damping using piezoelectrics, passive damping using constrained layer damping (CLD) and hybrid damping in the form of active constrained layer damping (ACLD). These features are implemented in the QUAD4 element as additional layers in the composite layup definition. The development of these features are presented and the integrity of the implementation is validated by comparing with results found in the literature. A patch placement process is developed which allows the damping treatment to move on the structure and to distort its shape so as to improve the damping characteristics of the design. The structure and damping treatment are simultaneously designed for minimum weight with constraints on the frequency and damping ratio. Both beam and plate structures are used to illustrate this concept. A proportional-derivative controller is used for the active control of the beam and the linear quadratic regulator (LQR) is used to design the active controller for the plates. C1 USAF,WRIGHT LAB,FLIGHT DYNAM DIRECTORATE,WL FIBAD,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. PURDUE UNIV,SCH MECH ENGN,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907. NR 16 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0964-1726 J9 SMART MATER STRUCT JI Smart Mater. Struct. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 5 IS 5 BP 660 EP 671 DI 10.1088/0964-1726/5/5/014 PG 12 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Materials Science GA VV901 UT WOS:A1996VV90100015 ER PT J AU Hollkamp, JJ Gordon, RW AF Hollkamp, JJ Gordon, RW TI An experimental comparison of piezoelectric and constrained layer damping SO SMART MATERIALS & STRUCTURES LA English DT Article ID VIBRATIONS AB A qualitative comparison between a piezoelectric vibration absorber and a constrained layer damping treatment is presented. Piezoelectric materials convert mechanical strains into electrical charge. Dissipation of the charge results in attenuation of vibration. The damping is concentrated to a single mode by constructing a piezoelectric absorber. The damped vibration absorber is comprised of the piezoelectric material and a passive electronic shunt. Previous research has applied the piezoelectric absorber to one-dimensional structures. This paper applies the absorber to a two-dimensional planar problem. The simple mathematical description of the absorber is modified for the two-dimensional problem. An analytical means of estimating the effectiveness of the piezoelectric absorber is derived. The effectiveness is estimated for an electronics chassis box subjected to random excitation. A typical constrained layer damping treatment is also analytically designed for the problem. The piezoelectric absorber and the constrained layer damping treatment are experimentally applied to identical boxes. Results show that the piezoelectric absorber can provide vibration suppression comparable to that obtained by the constrained layer damping treatment. C1 USAF, WRIGHT LAB, WL FIBG, WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 10 TC 23 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0964-1726 J9 SMART MATER STRUCT JI Smart Mater. Struct. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 5 IS 5 BP 715 EP 722 DI 10.1088/0964-1726/5/5/019 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Materials Science GA VV901 UT WOS:A1996VV90100020 ER PT J AU Smikle, CB Sorem, KA Satin, AJ Hankins, GDV AF Smikle, CB Sorem, KA Satin, AJ Hankins, GDV TI Physical and sexual abuse in a middle-class obstetric population SO SOUTHERN MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID DOMESTIC VIOLENCE; PREVALENCE; PREGNANCY; WOMEN; ASSAULT; AGGRESSION; EMERGENCY AB To evaluate the prevalence of a history of physical and sexual abuse in pregnant, economically stable, middle-class women with access to comprehensive health care, we issued self-report questionnaires to prenatal orientation classes at Wilford Hall Medical Center from October 19, 1992, to March 15, 1993. After identifying women who had been physically or sexually abused, we identified the assailant, the number of occurrences, and injuries resulting from the abuse. Of the 563 women who responded, 100 (18%) reported previous physical or sexual abuse. Seven women (1%) stated that they were physically abused during the pregnancy. Women were more Likely to be physically than sexually abused by a spouse or lover (46% versus 13%). To identify women who have a history of abuse and to address their needs, practitioners should incorporate taking a history of physical and sexual abuse during the routine new obstetric visit. C1 WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,DEPT OBSTET & GYNECOL,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT OBSTET & GYNECOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. NR 23 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOUTHERN MEDICAL ASSN PI BIRMINGHAM PA 35 LAKESHORE DR PO BOX 190088, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35219 SN 0038-4348 J9 SOUTHERN MED J JI South.Med.J. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 89 IS 10 BP 983 EP 988 DI 10.1097/00007611-199610000-00009 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA VM626 UT WOS:A1996VM62600009 PM 8865791 ER PT J AU Wade, TP Halaby, IA Stapleton, DR Virgo, KS Johnson, FE AF Wade, TP Halaby, IA Stapleton, DR Virgo, KS Johnson, FE TI Population-based analysis of treatment of pancreatic cancer and Whipple resection: Department of Defense hospitals, 1989-1994 SO SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 53rd Annual Meeting of the Central-Surgical-Association CY MAR 08-10, 1996 CL MINNEAPOLIS, MN SP Cent Surg Assoc ID PANCREATICODUODENECTOMY; MORTALITY; COMPLICATIONS; MALIGNANCY; SURVIVAL; DISEASE; SURGERY; TRIAL AB Background. The influence of hospital experience and referral patterns on the operative mortality rate of pancreaticoduodenectomy was studied in a worldwide hospital system. Methods. We analyzed computerized data on pancreatic cancer patients from U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) hospitals from 1989 to 1994. Results. Six hundred ninety-eight patients had pancreatic cancer, and 130 Whipple operations (105 for pancreatic and 25 for other cancers) were performed with an 8.5% 30-day operative mortality rate. Although most resections were done in teaching hospitals performing more than 1 Whipple procedure per year, their results were not superior to smaller, lower volume, nonteaching hospital. Patients transported for resection were younger than patients undergoing resection at their local DOD hospital but had similar outcomes. The operative mortality rate was higher after unusual resections and with increasing age; the tumor stage had no effect. Unresected patients undergoing combined radiation and chemotherapy had the longest survival times. Radiation therapy was associated with significantly longer survival times in patients without distant metastases, but chemotherapy was associated with a longer survival time when metastases were present. Conclusions. This mortality rate 8.5% for Whipple resections matches that from other large populations. Equivalent results were obtained in DOD teaching hospitals and smaller, community-type institutions. Because the DOD medical system minimizes financial and logistic barriers to transfer, the even distribution of DOD pancreatectomy mortality suggests that these barriers may favorably influence single institutional outcomes. C1 USAF,MED CTR,CANC COMM & TUMOR REGISTRY,SCOTT AFB,IL. RP Wade, TP (reprint author), ST LOUIS UNIV,DEPT SURG,BOX 15250,3635 VISTA AVE,ST LOUIS,MO 63110, USA. NR 23 TC 38 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0039-6060 J9 SURGERY JI Surgery PD OCT PY 1996 VL 120 IS 4 BP 680 EP 685 DI 10.1016/S0039-6060(96)80017-1 PG 6 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA VP423 UT WOS:A1996VP42300032 PM 8862378 ER PT J AU Wright, RL AF Wright, RL TI Formation of the neurotoxin TMPP from TMPE-phosphate formulations SO TRIBOLOGY TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Society-of-Tribologists-and-Lubrication-Engineers 51st Annual Meeting CY MAY 19-23, 1996 CL CINCINNATI, OH SP Soc Tribologists & Lubricat Engineers DE synthetic lubricants; additive effects; toxicological effects; gas chromatography; lubricant analytical techniques ID THERMAL-DECOMPOSITION; LUBRICANT; DESIGN AB Gas phase formation potential of the deadly neurotoxin trimethylolpropane phosphate (TMPP) from reaction in lubricant formulations containing trimethylolpropane ester (TMPE) basestock and tricresyl phosphate (TCP) additive is investigated and found to occur at temperatures of 250 degrees-750 degrees C. The initial formation in the gas phase is found to occur 100 degrees C lower than previously reported. A potential substitute for TCP, T-butylphenyl phosphate (t-BPP), is also found to participate in the formation reaction at nearly the same rate as TCP, producing similar amounts of TMPP. A maximum 15% theoretical yield of TMPP in air is observed at 550 degrees C, while a maximum 42% yield is observed at 650 degrees C in helium, with two-second exposures of 2 wt% phosphate additive formulations. The reaction is found to be weakly dependent on temperature, with Arrhenius activation energy estimated to be in the 20-40 kJ/mol range. Minimization or replacement of TMPE or inhibition of the TMPP formation reaction, rather than restriction of phosphate additives, in synthetic ester lubricant formulations is recommended to reduce or eliminate potential TMPP formation. RP Wright, RL (reprint author), WRIGHT LAB,AFMC,FUELS & LUBRICAT DIV,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. NR 18 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC TRIBOLOGISTS & LUBRICATION ENGINEERS PI PARK RIDGE PA 838 BUSSE HIGHWAY, PARK RIDGE, IL 60068 SN 0569-8197 J9 TRIBOL T JI Tribol. Trans. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 39 IS 4 BP 827 EP 834 DI 10.1080/10402009608983601 PG 8 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA VP652 UT WOS:A1996VP65200010 ER PT J AU Chen, Z Cuneo, JC Mecholsky, JJ Hu, SF AF Chen, Z Cuneo, JC Mecholsky, JJ Hu, SF TI Damage processes in Si3N4 bearing material under contact loading SO WEAR LA English DT Article DE damage; nitrides; ceramics; bearing materials; contact load ID SILICON-NITRIDE; FRACTURE; WEAR AB High quality silicon nitride ceramics have excellent high temperature strength, low density and excellent wear resistance due to their low friction. The combination of these properties makes silicon nitride an attractive material for rolling element bearing applications. The low density of the silicon nitride material has particular advantages when applied to the rolling elements of high-speed air turbine bearings. Much work has been done to improve Si3N4 mechanical properties. However, wear in Si3N4 bearing balls still is a major problem that limits the lifetime of hybrid Si3N4 bearings. The wear mechanisms of Si3N4 bearing balls in hybrid bearings have not been substantially characterized even though many experimental observations have been recorded. This paper describes Si3N4 bearing ball wear as a microcrack initiation and propagation process due to fatigue contact stresses. Experimental results agree with a proposed fracture model to describe the major cause of silicon nitride wear and the major factors affecting the lifetime of bearing balls. C1 UNIV FLORIDA,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,GAINESVILLE,FL 32611. USAF,MAT DIRECTORATE,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. NR 33 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0043-1648 J9 WEAR JI Wear PD OCT PY 1996 VL 198 IS 1-2 BP 197 EP 207 DI 10.1016/0043-1648(96)06970-0 PG 11 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA VH690 UT WOS:A1996VH69000026 ER PT J AU Kung, P Saxler, A Zhang, X Walker, D Lavado, R Razeghi, M AF Kung, P Saxler, A Zhang, X Walker, D Lavado, R Razeghi, M TI Metalorganic chemical vapor deposition of monocrystalline GaN thin films on beta-LiGaO2 substrates SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SAPPHIRE; LAYERS AB We report the metalorganic chemical vapor deposition growth and characterization of monocrystalline GaN thin films on beta-LiGaO2 substrates. The influence of the growth temperature on the crystal quality was studied. The structural, electrical, and optical properties of the films were assessed through scanning electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, Hall measurements, optical transmission, photoluminescence. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 USAF,WRIGHT LAB,MATERIALS DIRECTORATE,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. RP Kung, P (reprint author), NORTHWESTERN UNIV,DEPT ELECT ENGN & COMP SCI,CTR QUANTUM DEVICES,EVANSTON,IL 60208, USA. RI Razeghi, Manijeh/B-7265-2009 NR 15 TC 68 Z9 73 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD SEP 30 PY 1996 VL 69 IS 14 BP 2116 EP 2118 DI 10.1063/1.116898 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA VJ783 UT WOS:A1996VJ78300043 ER PT J AU Kundrotas, LW Robinson, AB AF Kundrotas, LW Robinson, AB TI Gas in the portal venous system SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article RP Kundrotas, LW (reprint author), WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU MASS MEDICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 10 SHATTUCK, BOSTON, MA 02115 SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD SEP 19 PY 1996 VL 335 IS 12 BP 864 EP 864 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA VG869 UT WOS:A1996VG86900006 PM 8778605 ER PT J AU Lo, I Cheng, JP Chen, YF Mitchel, WC AF Lo, I Cheng, JP Chen, YF Mitchel, WC TI Effective mass of two-dimensional electron gas in delta-doped Al0.48In0.52As/Ga0.47In0.53As quantum wells SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID INPLANE EFFECTIVE-MASS; CYCLOTRON-RESONANCE; HETEROSTRUCTURES; SUBBAND; TRANSISTOR AB We have studied the lowest two subbands of two-dimensional electron gas in delta-doped AIInAs/GaInAs quantum wells by Shubnikov-de Haas, quantum Hall effect, and cyclotron resonance measurements. The effective masses determined by the field-dependent cyclotron resonance measurements are 0.0576m(0) and 0.0483m(0) at electron densities of 17.3 and 3.6X10(11) cm(-2) for the first and second subbands, respectively. It was found that the electron in the first subband has heavier effective mass and shorter quantum lifetime than that in the second subband, Using the band gap of 810 meV and the band-edge mass of 0.042m(0) for Ga0.47In0.53As, we calculated the average distance of the two subbands from the conduction band edge to be 150 and 61 meV, respectively. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 MIT,FRANCIS BITTER NATL MAGNET LAB,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. NATL TAIWAN UNIV,DEPT PHYS,TAIPEI,TAIWAN. USAF,WRIGHT LAB,MAT DIRECTORATE,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. RP Lo, I (reprint author), NATL SUN YAT SEN UNIV,DEPT PHYS,KAOHSIUNG 80424,TAIWAN. NR 18 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD SEP 15 PY 1996 VL 80 IS 6 BP 3355 EP 3359 DI 10.1063/1.363247 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA VG681 UT WOS:A1996VG68100033 ER PT J AU Carreras, RA Restaino, SR Love, GD Tarr, GL Fender, JS AF Carreras, RA Restaino, SR Love, GD Tarr, GL Fender, JS TI Phase diversity experimental results: Deconvolution of v Scorpii SO OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article AB This article reports results of a set of observations aimed at a validation of the phase diversity technique. The data were taken at the U.S. Air Force Maul Optical Site (AMOS) atop of mount Haleakela, in Maul, Hawaii, using the 81 centimeter, Beam Director Telescope (BDT). In this paper we present first a theoretical description of phase diversity. The phase diversity algorithm is formulated in the context of nonlinear programming where a metric is developed and then minimized. This development will show how the Zernike coefficients can be extracted directly using nonlinear optimization techniques. A detailed discussion of the experimental implementation follows. The multiple star which was observed was HD 145502, v Scorpii. This article presents the results of using phase diversity for phase retrieval on v Scorpii. The phase diversity technique demonstrates a great deal of robustness on this astronomical field data. Finally, a discussion of the results and some of the related signal to noise issues are presented. C1 UNIV NEW MEXICO,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. RP Carreras, RA (reprint author), USAF,PHILLIPS LAB,PL LIM IMAGING TECHNOL BRANCH,3550 ABERDEEN AVE SE,KIRTLAND AFB,NM 87117, USA. RI Love, Gordon/A-3071-2011 OI Love, Gordon/0000-0001-5137-9434 NR 14 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0030-4018 J9 OPT COMMUN JI Opt. Commun. PD SEP 15 PY 1996 VL 130 IS 1-3 BP 13 EP 19 DI 10.1016/0030-4018(96)00212-X PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA VE370 UT WOS:A1996VE37000003 ER PT J AU Love, GD Gourlay, J AF Love, GD Gourlay, J TI Intensity-only modulation for atmospheric scintillation correction by liquid-crystal spatial light modulators SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID EXTRASOLAR PLANETS; ADAPTIVE OPTICS AB We consider the use of a ferroelectric liquid-crystal spatial light modulator (FLC SLM) to control the transmittance of a telescope pupil to compensate for the effects of scintillation. Our aim here is to prove the necessary and physically interesting result that it is possible to control the intensity of light by use of FLC SLM without inducing further phase aberrations. Furthermore, we show that system errors have only a small effect on the phase of the transmitted beam. (C) 1996 Optical Society of America C1 UNIV NEW MEXICO,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. UNIV DURHAM,ADAPT OPT GRP,DURHAM DH1 3LE,ENGLAND. RP Love, GD (reprint author), USAF,PHILLIPS LAB,LIMS,3550 ABERDEEN SE,KIRTLAND AFB,NM 87117, USA. RI Love, Gordon/A-3071-2011 OI Love, Gordon/0000-0001-5137-9434 NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD SEP 15 PY 1996 VL 21 IS 18 BP 1496 EP 1498 DI 10.1364/OL.21.001496 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA VG594 UT WOS:A1996VG59400028 PM 19881703 ER PT J AU Chen, RR Mei, C Wolfe, HF AF Chen, RR Mei, C Wolfe, HF TI Comparison of finite element non-linear beam random response with experimental results SO JOURNAL OF SOUND AND VIBRATION LA English DT Article AB A finite element formulation combined with the equivalent linearization technique and normal mode method is developed for the non-linear random response of beams subjected to acoustic and thermal loads applied simultaneously. To validate the present formulation and solution procedure, results are compared with the classical continuum solution and the Fokker-Planck-Kolmogorov equation solution. Comparison is also made with experimental data for a pre-stretched clamped beam. Random responses of thermally buckled simply supported beam, clamped beam and simply supported-clamped beam are presented. The comparison of the present simultaneously loaded response with the existing sequentially loaded results shows a significant difference between them. (C) 1996 Academic Press Limited C1 USAF,WRIGHT LAB,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. RP Chen, RR (reprint author), OLD DOMINION UNIV,DEPT AEROSP ENGN,NORFOLK,VA 23529, USA. NR 22 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX SN 0022-460X J9 J SOUND VIB JI J. Sound Vibr. PD SEP 5 PY 1996 VL 195 IS 5 BP 719 EP 737 DI 10.1006/jsvi.1996.0458 PG 19 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Acoustics; Engineering; Mechanics GA VG653 UT WOS:A1996VG65300003 ER PT J AU Flynn, WJ Carlson, DW AF Flynn, WJ Carlson, DW TI Laser synechialysis to prevent membrane recurrence on silicone intraocular lenses SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY LA English DT Article AB PURPOSE: To determine whether laser posterior synechialysis will prevent recurrence of pigmented membranes that can form on the anterior surface of silicone intraocular lenses. METHODS: Three patients (four eyes) had posterior synechiae and silicone intraocular lens surface membranes that required long term corticosteroid treatment. Posterior synechiae were lysed by an Nd:YAG laser (1 to 2 mJ per burst; 148 to 485 applications; total energy, 296 to 896 mJ). RESULTS: All four eyes remained free of recurrence from 12 to 14 months. CONCLUSIONS: Silicone intraocular lens surface membranes emanated from posterior synechiae. The Nd:YAG laser synechialysis prevented recurrence and allowed discontinuation of corticosteroids. C1 WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,DEPT OPHTHALMOL,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236. NR 5 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPHTHALMIC PUBL CO PI CHICAGO PA 77 WEST WACKER DR, STE 660, CHICAGO, IL 60601 SN 0002-9394 J9 AM J OPHTHALMOL JI Am. J. Ophthalmol. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 122 IS 3 BP 426 EP 428 PG 3 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA VF620 UT WOS:A1996VF62000017 PM 8794718 ER PT J AU Pratt, JW Schertel, ER Schaefer, SL Esham, KE McClure, DE Heck, CF Myerowitz, PD AF Pratt, JW Schertel, ER Schaefer, SL Esham, KE McClure, DE Heck, CF Myerowitz, PD TI Acute transient coronary sinus hypertension impairs left ventricular function and induces myocardial edema SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE coronary sinus pressure; contractility; compliance; myocardial water content ID LYMPH-FLOW; PRESSURE; VOLUME; PERFUSION; HEART AB This study was performed to evaluate the direct and indirect effects of acute coronary sinus hypertension (CSH) on systolic and diastolic left ventricular (LV) function. Coronary sinus pressure was elevated to 25 mmHg for 3 h in eight pentobarbital-anesthetized dogs and then relieved. LV contractility was assessed by preload recruitable stroke work (PRSW) and end-systolic elastance (E(es)). Diastolic function was assessed by the time constant of isovolumic relaxation (tau) and the end-diastolic pressure volume relationship (EDPVR). PRSW and E(es) decreased progressively, and tau and the slope of the EDPVR increased progressively with CSH. These changes persisted after relief of CSH. beta-Adrenergic and cholinergic receptor blockade, performed in six dogs, did not alter the effects of CSH on systolic or diastolic function. The LV wet-to-dry weight ratios of the groups with CSH were significantly greater than those of a control group without CSH. We conclude that CSH results in changes in the left ventricle that depress contractility, prolong active relaxation, and increase diastolic stiffness. The dysfunction was not the direct effect of CSH or autonomic reflex activation, but may have been induced by fluid accumulation within the interstitium. C1 OHIO STATE UNIV, DEPT SURG, DIV THORAC & CARDIOVASC SURG, COLUMBUS, OH 43210 USA. WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR, DEPT SURG, LACKLAND AFB, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78236 USA. NR 30 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0363-6135 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-HEART C JI Am. J. Physiol.-Heart Circul. Physiol. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 271 IS 3 BP H834 EP H841 PG 8 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Physiology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Physiology GA VH789 UT WOS:A1996VH78900002 PM 8853315 ER PT J AU Calicott, RW Waisel, DB AF Calicott, RW Waisel, DB TI The founder of United States Air Force anesthesia training programs. SO ANESTHESIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,DEPT ANESTHESIOL,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0003-3022 J9 ANESTHESIOLOGY JI Anesthesiology PD SEP PY 1996 VL 85 IS 3A SU S BP A953 EP A953 PG 1 WC Anesthesiology SC Anesthesiology GA VM466 UT WOS:A1996VM46600953 ER PT J AU Kumar, SR Waisel, DB AF Kumar, SR Waisel, DB TI Preoperative hemoglobin values do not alter the decision to proceed with cataract surgery SO ANESTHESIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,DEPT ANESTHESIOL,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0003-3022 J9 ANESTHESIOLOGY JI Anesthesiology PD SEP PY 1996 VL 85 IS 3A SU S BP A1026 EP A1026 PG 1 WC Anesthesiology SC Anesthesiology GA VM466 UT WOS:A1996VM46601026 ER PT J AU Kumar, SR Waisel, DB AF Kumar, SR Waisel, DB TI 5cc vials of fentanyl alone are more cost effective than combining 2cc and 5cc vials in a narcotic kit SO ANESTHESIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,DEPT ANESTHESIOL,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0003-3022 J9 ANESTHESIOLOGY JI Anesthesiology PD SEP PY 1996 VL 85 IS 3A SU S BP A967 EP A967 PG 1 WC Anesthesiology SC Anesthesiology GA VM466 UT WOS:A1996VM46600967 ER PT J AU Postler, MA Waisel, BD AF Postler, MA Waisel, BD TI An historical perspective on opium and its therapeutic uses throughout the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries SO ANESTHESIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,DEPT ANESTHESIOL,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0003-3022 J9 ANESTHESIOLOGY JI Anesthesiology PD SEP PY 1996 VL 85 IS 3A SU S BP A950 EP A950 PG 1 WC Anesthesiology SC Anesthesiology GA VM466 UT WOS:A1996VM46600950 ER PT J AU Waisel, DB AF Waisel, DB TI The World War II anesthesiology newsletter: Anlet, AA SO ANESTHESIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,DEPT ANESTHESIOL,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236. NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0003-3022 J9 ANESTHESIOLOGY JI Anesthesiology PD SEP PY 1996 VL 85 IS 3A SU S BP A954 EP A954 PG 1 WC Anesthesiology SC Anesthesiology GA VM466 UT WOS:A1996VM46600954 ER PT J AU Waisel, KR AF Waisel, KR TI Dura to spinal cord distance in children SO ANESTHESIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,DEPT ANESTHESIOL,LACKLAND AFB,TX. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0003-3022 J9 ANESTHESIOLOGY JI Anesthesiology PD SEP PY 1996 VL 85 IS 3A SU S BP A1097 EP A1097 PG 1 WC Anesthesiology SC Anesthesiology GA VM466 UT WOS:A1996VM46601097 ER PT J AU Taylor, JR Yeoman, TK Lester, M Emery, BA Knipp, DJ AF Taylor, JR Yeoman, TK Lester, M Emery, BA Knipp, DJ TI Variations in the polar cap area during intervals of substorm activity on 20-21 March 1990 deduced from AMIE convection patterns SO ANNALES GEOPHYSICAE-ATMOSPHERES HYDROSPHERES AND SPACE SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID HIGH-LATITUDE IONOSPHERE; SOLAR-WIND; GEOSTATIONARY ORBIT; PLASMA SHEET; ARRAY; RADAR; MAGNETOTAIL; EXCITATION; SYSTEM; MODELS AB The dynamic behaviour of the northern polar cap area is studied employing Northern Hemisphere electric potential patterns derived by the Assimilative Mapping of Ionospheric Electrodynamics (AMIE) procedure. The rate of change in area of the polar cap, which can be defined as the region of magnetospheric field lines open to the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF), has been calculated during two intervals when the IMF had an approximately constant southward component (1100-2200 UT, 20 March 1990 and 1300-2100 UT, 21 March 1990). The estimates of the polar cap area are based on the approximation of the polar cap boundary by the flow reversal boundary. The change in the polar cap area is then compared to the predicted expansion rate based on a simple application of Faraday's Law. Furthermore, timings of magnetospheric substorms are also related to changes in the polar cap area. Once the convection electric field reconfigures following a southward turning of the IMF, the growth rate of the observed polar cap boundary is consistent with that predicted by Faraday's Law. A delay of typically 20 min to 50 min is observed between a substorm expansion phase onset and a reduction in the polar cap area. Such a delay is consistent with a synthesis between the near Earth neutral line and current disruption models of magnetospheric substorms in which the dipolarisation in the magnetotail may act as a trigger for reconnection. These delays may represent a propagation time between near geosynchronous orbit dipolarisation and subsequent reconnection further down tail. We estimate, from these delays, that the neutral X line occurs between similar to 35R(E) and similar to 75R(E) downstream in the tail. C1 NATL CTR ATMOSPHER RES,HIGH ALTITUDE OBSERV,BOULDER,CO 80307. USAF ACAD,DEPT PHYS,COLORADO SPRINGS,CO 80840. RP Taylor, JR (reprint author), UNIV LEICESTER,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,UNIV RD,LEICESTER LE1 7RH,LEICS,ENGLAND. RI Yeoman, Timothy/L-9105-2014 OI Yeoman, Timothy/0000-0002-8434-4825 NR 37 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0992-7689 J9 ANN GEOPHYS JI Ann. Geophys.-Atmos. Hydrospheres Space Sci. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 14 IS 9 BP 879 EP 887 DI 10.1007/s00585-996-0879-8 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA VH792 UT WOS:A1996VH79200002 ER PT J AU Bruno, JG Yu, H AF Bruno, JG Yu, H TI Immunomagnetic-electrochemiluminescent detection of Bacillus anthracis spores in soil matrices SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Rapid (less than or equal to 1.5-h) detection of anthrax spores in soil suspensions was accomplished by an immunomagnetic electrochemiluminescence method. Strain-dependent detection limits in the range of 10(2) to 10(5) spores were achieved in buffer. The rank order of sensitivity for the assay in buffer was Sterne > Ames > Vollum 1B. Detection was up to 3 orders of magnitude less sensitive in soil suspensions, and the rank order of sensitivity was altered. C1 USA,EDGEWOOD RES DEV & ENGN CTR,SYST RES LABS,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21010. RP Bruno, JG (reprint author), USAF,ARMSTRONG LAB,ENVIRON DIRECTORATE,139 BARNES DR,STE 2,TYNDALL AFB,FL 32403, USA. NR 10 TC 39 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 62 IS 9 BP 3474 EP 3476 PG 3 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA VF616 UT WOS:A1996VF61600064 PM 16535408 ER PT J AU Venkatasubramanian, R Pamula, VK Dorsey, DL AF Venkatasubramanian, R Pamula, VK Dorsey, DL TI Influence of physisorbed arsenic on RHEED intensity oscillations during low-temperature GaAs molecular beam epitaxy SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Formation of Semiconductor Interfaces (ICFSI-5) CY JUN 26-30, 1995 CL PRINCETON, NJ SP Princeton Univ, Adv Technol Ctr Photon & Optoelectr Mat, David Sarnoff Res Ctr, Epitaxx, Evans East, IBM, Int Rectifier Corp, US, Off Naval Res, Oxford Instruments Inc, Princeton Univ, Princeton Mat Inst, Princeton Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Sensors Unlimited, W Windsor Plainsboro H S German Club ID ENERGY ELECTRON-DIFFRACTION; MBE GROWTH; COMPOUND SEMICONDUCTORS; INTERACTION KINETICS; SURFACES; AS4 AB In a recent work, RHEED specular spot intensity oscillations were obtained during low-temperature molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) growth of GaAs when near stoichiometric V/III flux ratios (less than or equal to 2:1) were used. The cause of these oscillations has not been fully explained. In this work, we have developed a stochastic model of growth which correctly describes the RHEED intensity dynamics over a wide range of growth conditions. A critical and novel improvement to the stochastic model is the inclusion of a physisorbed state. The experimental RHEED responses for various growth conditions were matched by taking into account the build-up of a physisorbed As layer and its effect on the specular spot RHEED intensity. The dynamics of the physisorbed As layer were introduced into the stochastic model by including the thermally activated processes of chemisorption and evaporation of the As physisorbed state. Model results indicate that for typical low-T GaAs growth temperatures (200 degrees C), the steady-state coverage of physisorbed As ranged from 0.72 at a V/III flux ratio of 2.1 to 0.24 at a flux ratio of 1:1. Increased scattering of the RHEED beam due to the higher physisorbed As coverage at 2:1 leads to a factor of 5 decrease in the steady-state amplitude of the RHEED oscillations compared to the 1:1 case. This is in excellent agreement with the experimental results of Ibbetson et al. The RHEED intensity oscillates under these conditions due to layer-by-layer growth and a periodic variation in the coverage of physisorbed As, even though the surface migration rates are small. A factor in maintaining this growth mode is that arsenic stays in the physisorbed state with lifetimes in the range of 10(-3) to 10(-5) s and incorporates only when an appropriate configuration of Ga atoms forms on the surface. The temperature dependence of the evaporation and chemisorption time constants of physisorbed As yield activation energies of 0.24 eV acid 0.39 eV, respectively, which are in excellent agreement with the experimental data. C1 WRIGHT LAB,MLPO,MAT DIRECTORATE,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. RP Venkatasubramanian, R (reprint author), UNIV NEVADA,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,LAS VEGAS,NV 89154, USA. NR 16 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 104 BP 448 EP 454 DI 10.1016/S0169-4332(96)00185-7 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA VR573 UT WOS:A1996VR57300072 ER PT J AU STANISLASKI, J AF STANISLASKI, J TI MORE ON MASCULINE SPACE + RESPONSE TO SANDERS,JOEL ARTICLE ON MALE SPACE SO ARCHITECTURE LA English DT Letter RP STANISLASKI, J (reprint author), USAF,BEDFORD,MA 01731, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BILLBOARD PUBLICATIONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 1515 BROADWAY, 39TH FL, NEW YORK, NY 10036 SN 0746-0554 J9 ARCHITECTURE JI Architecture PD SEP PY 1996 VL 85 IS 9 BP 29 EP 29 PG 1 WC Architecture SC Architecture GA VF819 UT WOS:A1996VF81900004 ER PT J AU Marczin, N Antonov, A Papapetropoulos, A Munn, DH Virmani, R Kolodgie, FD Gerrity, R Catravas, JD AF Marczin, N Antonov, A Papapetropoulos, A Munn, DH Virmani, R Kolodgie, FD Gerrity, R Catravas, JD TI Monocyte-induced downregulation of nitric oxide synthase in cultured aortic endothelial cells SO ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE endothelium-derived relaxing factor; cGMP; atherosclerosis; interleukin-1; nitric oxide synthase ID SMOOTH-MUSCLE CELLS; LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS; CORONARY-ARTERY DISEASE; RELAXING FACTOR; DEPENDENT RELAXATION; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; RABBIT; ACETYLCHOLINE; VASODILATORS; PATHOGENESIS AB Since endothelium-dependent vasodilation is altered in atherosclerosis and enhanced monocyte/endothelial interactions are implicated in early atherosclerosis, we evaluated the effects of monocytes on the endothelial nitric oxide (NO) pathway by estimating release of biologically active NO from cultured endothelial cells and levels of constitutive NO synthase (ecNOS). NO release was estimated in a short-term bioassay using endothelial cell-induced cGMP accumulation in vascular smooth muscle (SM) cells. Exposure of SM cells to porcine aortic endothelial cells (PAECs) and human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) produced large increases in SM cGMP content; this increase was prevented by N-G-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, the inhibitor of endothelial NOS. Confluent monolayers of PAECs and HAECs cocultured with monocytes also stimulated SM cGMP formation; however, NO release from these cultures was attenuated in a coculture rime (2 to 48 hours)- and monocyte concentration (20 to 200 x 10(3) per well)-dependent manner. This effect of monocyte adhesion appeared to be selective for NO release since other biochemical pathways, such as atriopeptin- and isoproterenol-induced cyclic nucleotide accumulation within the endothelial cells, were not altered by monocytes. The effects of adherent monocytes on NO release were mimicked by monocyte-derived cytokines tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and interleukin (IL)-1 alpha. Furthermore, the conditioned medium of monocytes contained significant quantities of these cytokines. Conditioned medium, as well as monocytes physically separated from the endothelial cells, attenuated NO release, suggesting that soluble factors may mediate the effects of monocytes. An IL-1 beta neutralizing antibody fully prevented the NO dysfunction in response to directly adherent monocytes. Superoxide dismutase, catalase, 4,5-dihydroxy-1,3-benzene disulfonic acid (Tiron), and exogenous L-arginine failed to improve NO release, suggesting that oxidant stress-induced inactivation of NO or limited substrate availability were not primarily responsible for the inhibiting effects of monocytes. Western blot analysis revealed reduced quantities of ecNOS in monocyte/endothelium cocultures, as well as in HAECs treated with monocyte-conditioned medium or TNF-alpha. Thus, adhesion of monocytes to endothelial cells and monocyte-derived secretory products downregulate steady state levels of ecNOS, an event associated with attenuated release of biologically active NO. This mechanism may potentially contribute to diminished endothelium-dependent and NO-mediated vasodilation in early atherosclerosis. C1 MED COLL GEORGIA,VASC BIOL CTR,AUGUSTA,GA 30912. MED COLL GEORGIA,DEPT PHARMACOL & TOXICOL,AUGUSTA,GA 30912. MED COLL GEORGIA,DEPT PATHOL,AUGUSTA,GA 30912. MED COLL GEORGIA,DEPT PEDIAT,AUGUSTA,GA 30912. USAF,INST PATHOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20330. OI Papapetropoulos, Andreas/0000-0002-4253-5930 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL 31422, HL 46689] NR 41 TC 30 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER HEART ASSOC PI DALLAS PA 7272 GREENVILLE AVENUE, DALLAS, TX 75231-4596 SN 1079-5642 J9 ARTERIOSCL THROM VAS JI Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 16 IS 9 BP 1095 EP 1103 PG 9 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA VF888 UT WOS:A1996VF88800001 PM 8792762 ER PT J AU Grady, EP Higgs, JB DesRosier, KF AF Grady, EP Higgs, JB DesRosier, KF TI Quantitative joint space in hand radiographs: Normal patterns vs duration of rheumatoid arthritis. SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236. UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,BETHESDA,MD 20814. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 39 IS 9 SU S BP 437 EP 437 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA VH883 UT WOS:A1996VH88300437 ER PT J AU Santos, E Santos, ES AF Santos, E Santos, ES TI Polynomial solvability of cost-based abduction SO ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE LA English DT Article AB In recent empirical studies we have shown that many interesting cost-based abduction problems can be solved efficiently by considering the linear program relaxation of their integer program formulation. We tie this to the concept of total unimodularity from network flow analysis, a fundamental result in polynomial solvability. From this, we can determine the polynomial solvability of abduction problems and, in addition, present a new heuristic for branch and bound in the non-polynomial cases. C1 YOUNGSTOWN STATE UNIV,DEPT COMP & INFORMAT SCI,YOUNGSTOWN,OH 44555. RP Santos, E (reprint author), USAF,INST TECHNOL,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. NR 11 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0004-3702 J9 ARTIF INTELL JI Artif. Intell. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 86 IS 1 BP 157 EP 170 DI 10.1016/0004-3702(96)00016-1 PG 14 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence SC Computer Science GA VJ859 UT WOS:A1996VJ85900005 ER PT J AU Wetterer, CJ McGraw, JT AF Wetterer, CJ McGraw, JT TI RR Lyrae variable star distribution in the Galactic halo SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID GLOBULAR-CLUSTER SYSTEM; ABSOLUTE MAGNITUDES; GALAXY; DISTANCE; WINDOW; BULGE; FIELD AB From the CCD/Transit Instrument (CTI) survey, we generated a list of 42 RR Lyrae variable stars, 34 of which were previously undiscovered (Wetterer et al. 1996, AJ, 112, 742). The CTI survey is unique when compared to other surveys in that its survey area covers a large range of Galactic latitude and longitude in a single field. In this paper we use these RR Lyrae variable stars to examine their number density from 7 to 35 kpc from the Galactic center. The RR Lyrae number density was found to follow a R(-3.34+/-0.11) power-law function when modeled as a spherically symmetric distribution and an a(-3.76+/-0.13) power-law function when modeled as the ellipsoidal distribution of Preston et al. (1991, ApJ, 375, 121). We then combined the CTI results with that of other surveys to provide a more complete picture of the RR Lyrae number density throughout the Galactic halo (0.6-80 kpc). A spherically symmetric model for the RR Lyrae number density yields a R(-3.024+/-0.077) power-law function, although better agreement between surveys is reached if the number density is modeled as an ellipsoidal distribution, which yields an a(-3.530+/-0.077) power-law function. The wide range of number densities measured at the Sun's distance from the Galactic center (>10 kpc-3 for both the local number density as calculated from bright RR Lyrae stars and the CTI survey, to <1 kpc-3 for a fields in the Lick RR Lyrae Survey and the Palomar-Groningen Variable Star Survey), as well as the possible underdensity of RR Lyraes beyond 25 kpc, are also discussed. (C) 1996 American Astronomical Society. C1 UNIV NEW MEXICO,INST ASTROPHYS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87116. RP Wetterer, CJ (reprint author), USAF ACAD,DEPT PHYS,COLORADO SPRINGS,CO 80840, USA. NR 35 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 112 IS 3 BP 1046 EP 1053 DI 10.1086/118076 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VG154 UT WOS:A1996VG15400019 ER PT J AU Burns, JW Loecker, TH Fischer, JR Bauer, DH AF Burns, JW Loecker, TH Fischer, JR Bauer, DH TI Prevalence and significance of spinal disc abnormalities in an asymptomatic acceleration subject panel SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; DEGENERATION; FORCES; WOMEN; GZ AB Background: A protocol to allow for human centrifuge exposures up to +12 Gz (12 times gravity) required a screening spinal MRI. MRI-derived spinal disc abnormalities were observed in three of the first four asymptomatic volunteer subjects. The protocol was interrupted and a second study was initiated to determine the possible cause and effect relationship between the disc findings and previous +Gz exposure. Methods: A T1 or T2 weighted sagittal MRI of the entire spine was accomplished on each of 22 asymptomatic male acceleration panel members, and a similar, age-matched control panel of 19 asymptomatic male subjects with no history of previous acceleration exposure. The MRIs from all 41 subjects were read at 2 diagnostic facilities by 9 radiologists. The evaluating radiologists were aware asymptomatic centrifuge subjects were being evaluated but were unaware a control group was included. Results: Initial results from any one reader revealed spinal disc abnormalities (bulging, degeneration or herniated nucleus pulposus-HNP) in 91% of the centrifuge panel and 79% of the control group, a non-significant difference. Within-reader and between-reader variability was very high. Comparison of 1st vs. 2nd reading of the same data by one radiologist demonstrated a 28% agreement and a 72% disagreement on observed abnormalities. Comparison of the same MRIs read by two different radiologists revealed a 23% agreement and a 77% disagreement, pointing out the ambiguity of the data and subjectiveness of the interpretation. Two additional neuroradiologists agreed to independently read all 41 MRIs after establishing unique reading criteria. There remained a non-significant difference between the two subject groups, whereas reader disagreement was still high (56%). Conclusions: No significant difference was found between the two subject groups. The power of the test was low because of the small sample size. Our confidence in the interpretation is low because of the high degree of between reader and within-reader variability. C1 USAF,ARMSTRONG LAB,CREW TECH DIV,BROOKS AFB,TX. USAF,ARMSTRONG LAB,DIV CLIN SCI,BROOKS AFB,TX. NR 14 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 67 IS 9 BP 849 EP 853 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA VF795 UT WOS:A1996VF79500005 PM 9025800 ER PT J AU Green, RP Chou, TY AF Green, RP Chou, TY TI Retinal detachment in US Air Force flyers SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID LATTICE DEGENERATION; PROGNOSIS AB Retinal detachment is a serious ocular condition, even though 85% can be repaired permanently. Long-term complications include decreased or loss of vision, redetachment, visual field changes, and proliferative vitreoretinpathy. To assess the effect of retinal detachment on flying careers, we reviewed the records of all aviators with a rhegmatogenous retinal detachment who were examined by the Ophthalmology Branch of the Aerospace Medicine Directorate at the Armstrong Laboratory (formerly the USAF School of Aerospace Medicine) from 1967-1986. Of the 19 flyers, 12 were returned to flying duties; only 2 were disqualified for ocular reasons alone. In 10 flyers, the detachments were previously undiagnosed. Associated vitreoretinal pathology was common in both eyes (42%). All received some type of treatment. Redetachment occurred in 4 flyers, but the overall final reattachment rate was 95%. Final posttreatment visual acuities were 20/20 or better in 16 flyers. Treatment-induced myopia was common. Many flyers enjoyed long flying careers after detachment repairs. C1 ARMSTRONG LAB,DIV CLIN SCI,OPHTHALMOL BRANCH,AEROSP MED DIRECTORATE,BROOKS AFB,TX 78235. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 67 IS 9 BP 874 EP 879 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA VF795 UT WOS:A1996VF79500011 PM 9025806 ER PT J AU Butler, WP Ainscough, M PenneCasanova, R AF Butler, WP Ainscough, M PenneCasanova, R TI Type III decompression sickness SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Letter RP Butler, WP (reprint author), ARMSTRONG LAB,HYPERBAR MED DIV,BROOKS AFB,TX 78235, USA. NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 67 IS 9 BP 905 EP 905 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA VF795 UT WOS:A1996VF79500016 PM 9025812 ER PT J AU Pachter, R Fairchild, SB Lupo, JA Adams, WW AF Pachter, R Fairchild, SB Lupo, JA Adams, WW TI Biomolecular structure prediction at a low resolution using a neural network and the double-iterated Kalman filter technique SO BIOPOLYMERS LA English DT Article ID PROTEIN SECONDARY STRUCTURE; AMINO-ACID-SEQUENCE; COLI-TRP REPRESSOR; CHROMOPHORE; NMR; POLYPEPTIDES AB We report the application of an integrated computational approach Sor biomolecular structure determination at a low resolution. In particular, a neural network is trained to predict the spatial proximity of C-alpha atoms that are less than a given threshold apart, whereas a Kalman filter algorithm is employed to outline the biomolecular fold, with a constraints set that includes these pairwise atomic distances, and the distances and angles that define the structure as it is known from the protein's sequence. The results for Crambin demonstrate that this integrated approach is useful for molecular structure prediction at a low resolution and may also complement existing experimental distance data for a protein structure determination. (C) 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. RP Pachter, R (reprint author), USAF,WRIGHT LAB,MAT DIRECTORATE,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. RI Adams, Wade/A-7305-2010 NR 45 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0006-3525 J9 BIOPOLYMERS JI Biopolymers PD SEP PY 1996 VL 39 IS 3 BP 377 EP 386 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0282(199609)39:3<377::AID-BIP9>3.3.CO;2-8 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA VC347 UT WOS:A1996VC34700009 PM 8756517 ER PT J AU Dumont, RJ Nelson, CA Caviness, DG Thormeyer, CD Martin, DL Pereira, JJ AF Dumont, RJ Nelson, CA Caviness, DG Thormeyer, CD Martin, DL Pereira, JJ TI Cooperation and collaboration among the nation's meteorology, oceanography, and satellite operational processing centers. An evolving era in US civilian-military partnerships SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article AB The United States has several meteorological, oceanographic, and satellite operational processing centers (OPCs) in the military and civilian sectors. Separate cooperative and complementary military and civilian OPCs provide sufficient redundancy for backup purposes; permit the development of state-of-the-art forecasting schemes, such as the ensemble technique; and ensure the diverse environmental needs of military and civilian users are met with the most efficient use of resources. The effective collaboration of the military and civilian OPCs has resulted in the development of a truly national meteorological and oceanographic resource not attainable within any single agency. C1 NATL CTR ENVIRONM PREDICT,CAMP SPRINGS,MD. USAF,GLOBAL WEATHER CTR,OFFUTT AFB,NE. FLEET NUMER METEOROL & OCEANOG CTR,MONTEREY,CA. USN,OCEANOG OFF,BAY ST LOUIS,MS 39529. NATL ENVIRONM SATELLITE DATA & INFORMAT SREV,OFF SATELLITE DATA PROC & DISTRIBUT,SUITLAND,MD. RP Dumont, RJ (reprint author), OFF FED COORDINATOR METEOROL,8455 COLESVILLE RD,SUITE 1500,SILVER SPRING,MD 20910, USA. NR 9 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0003-0007 J9 B AM METEOROL SOC JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 77 IS 9 BP 2067 EP 2076 DI 10.1175/1520-0477(1996)077<2067:CACATN>2.0.CO;2 PG 10 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA VL660 UT WOS:A1996VL66000008 ER PT J AU Mitchell, VD AF Mitchell, VD TI Reading ''race'' and ''gender'' in Crane's The 'Red Badge of Courage' SO CLA JOURNAL-COLLEGE LANGUAGE ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article RP Mitchell, VD (reprint author), USAF,COLORADO SPRINGS,CO, USA. NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU COLLEGE LANGUAGE ASSN PI ATLANTA PA CLA JOURNAL MOREHOUSE COLLEGE, ATLANTA, GA 30314 SN 0007-8549 J9 CLA J JI CLA J.-Coll. Lang. Assoc. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 40 IS 1 BP 60 EP 71 PG 12 WC Literature SC Literature GA VX066 UT WOS:A1996VX06600004 ER PT J AU Butler, WP AF Butler, WP TI Dientamoeba fragilis - An unusual intestinal pathogen SO DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE diarrhea; abdominal pain; protozoa; Dientamoeba fragilis ID DIAGNOSIS C1 DEPT SURG,MACDILL AFB,FL. NR 17 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 2 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0163-2116 J9 DIGEST DIS SCI JI Dig. Dis. Sci. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 41 IS 9 BP 1811 EP 1813 DI 10.1007/BF02088750 PG 3 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA VG639 UT WOS:A1996VG63900019 PM 8794799 ER PT J AU Magnusson, P Dahlgren, M Barucci, MA Jorda, L Binzel, RP Slivan, SM Blanco, C Riccioli, D Buratti, BJ Colas, F Berthier, J DeAngelis, G DiMartino, M Dotto, E Drummond, JD Fink, U Hicks, M Grundy, W Wisniewski, W Gaftonyuk, NM Geyer, EH Bauer, T Hoffmann, M Ivanova, V Komitov, B Donchev, Z Denchev, P Krugly, YN Velichko, FP Chiorny, VG Lupishko, DF Shevchenko, VG Kwiatkowski, T Kryszczynska, A Lahulla, JF Licandro, J Mendez, O Mottola, S Erikson, A Ostro, SJ Pravec, P Pych, W Tholen, DJ Whiteley, R Wild, WJ Wolf, M Sarounova, L AF Magnusson, P Dahlgren, M Barucci, MA Jorda, L Binzel, RP Slivan, SM Blanco, C Riccioli, D Buratti, BJ Colas, F Berthier, J DeAngelis, G DiMartino, M Dotto, E Drummond, JD Fink, U Hicks, M Grundy, W Wisniewski, W Gaftonyuk, NM Geyer, EH Bauer, T Hoffmann, M Ivanova, V Komitov, B Donchev, Z Denchev, P Krugly, YN Velichko, FP Chiorny, VG Lupishko, DF Shevchenko, VG Kwiatkowski, T Kryszczynska, A Lahulla, JF Licandro, J Mendez, O Mottola, S Erikson, A Ostro, SJ Pravec, P Pych, W Tholen, DJ Whiteley, R Wild, WJ Wolf, M Sarounova, L TI Photometric observations and modeling of asteroid 1620 Geographos SO ICARUS LA English DT Article ID GALILEO PHYSICAL MODEL; MAIN-BELT ASTEROIDS; POLE DETERMINATIONS; S-TYPE; LIGHTCURVES; 1620-GEOGRAPHOS; GEODESY; SHAPES; IMAGE; IDA AB Photometric observations of 1620 Geographos in 1993 and 1993 are presented and, in combination with previously published data, are used to derive models of Geographos, We estimate that the sidereal period of rotation is 0.21763860 +/- 0.00000003 days (5(h)13(m)23.975(s) +/- 0.0033(s)). The sense of rotation is retrograde, The ecliptic coordinates of the spin angular velocity vector are estimated to lambda(p) = 56 degrees +/- 6 degrees and beta(p) = -47 degrees +/- 4 degrees (equinox J2000.0), The lightcurve amplitudes are well-explained by an ellipsoidal model with axis ratios a/b 2.58 +/- 0.16 and b/c = 1.00 +/- 0.15. Models that have one or both ends more sharply pointed than the ellipsoid improve the fit to the observations. There are no significant indications of albedo variegation, but non-geometric scattering effects are tentatively suggested based on significant rotational color variation. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc. C1 OBSERV PARIS,F-92195 MEUDON,FRANCE. MIT,DEPT EARTH ATMOSPHER & PLANETARY SCI,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. UNIV CATANIA,IST ASTRON,I-95125 CATANIA,ITALY. CALTECH,JET PROP LAB,PASADENA,CA 91109. BUR LONGITUDES,PARIS,FRANCE. UNIV ROMA LA SAPIENZA,IST ASTRON,I-00161 ROME,ITALY. ESA,ESRIN,INFORMAT SYST DIV,I-00044 FRASCATI,ITALY. OSSERV ASTRON TORINO,I-10025 PINO TORINESE,ITALY. USAF,PHILLIPS LAB,LIG,KIRTLAND AFB,NM 87117. UNIV ARIZONA,LUNAR & PLANETARY LAB,TUCSON,AZ 85721. ASTRON OBSERV,UA-334242 SIMEIZ,CRIMEA,UKRAINE. UNIV BONN,OBSERV HOHER LIST,D-54550 DAUN,GERMANY. BULGARIAN ACAD SCI,DEPT ASTRON,BU-1784 SOFIA,BULGARIA. ASTRON OBSERV,UA-310022 KHARKOV,UKRAINE. ADAM MICKIEWICZ UNIV POZNAN,ASTRON OBSERV,PL-60286 POZNAN,POLAND. ASTRON OBSERV,E-28014 MADRID,SPAIN. FAC CIENCIAS,INST FIS,DEPT ASTRON,MONTEVIDEO 11200,URUGUAY. GERMAN AEROSP RES ESTAB,DLR,D-12489 BERLIN,GERMANY. ACAD SCI CZECH REPUBL,INST ASTRON,CZ-25165 ONDREJOV,CZECH REPUBLIC. WARSAW UNIV,ASTRON OBSERV,PL-00478 WARSAW,POLAND. UNIV HAWAII,INST ASTRON,HONOLULU,HI 96822. UNIV CHICAGO,DEPT ASTRON & ASTROPHYS,CHICAGO,IL 60637. CHARLES UNIV,INST ASTRON,CZ-15000 PRAGUE,CZECH REPUBLIC. RP Magnusson, P (reprint author), ASTRON OBSERV,BOX 515,S-75120 UPPSALA,SWEDEN. RI Pravec, Petr/G-9037-2014; Shevchenko, Vasilij/H-1366-2011; OI Shevchenko, Vasilij/0000-0003-1000-223X; Dotto, Elisabetta/0000-0002-9335-1656 NR 40 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0019-1035 J9 ICARUS JI Icarus PD SEP PY 1996 VL 123 IS 1 BP 227 EP 244 DI 10.1006/icar.1996.0151 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VN300 UT WOS:A1996VN30000015 ER PT J AU Marciante, JR Agrawal, GP AF Marciante, JR Agrawal, GP TI Lateral spatial effects of feedback in gain-guided and broad-area semiconductor lasers SO IEEE JOURNAL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article ID PHASE-CONJUGATE FEEDBACK; COHERENCE COLLAPSE; OPTICAL-FEEDBACK; DIODE-LASER; HIGH-POWER; AMPLIFIERS; FILAMENTS; DYNAMICS; NOISE AB Starting from Fresnel diffraction theory, we derive analytic expressions for the lateral spatial dependence of feedback fields for the cases of conventional and phase-conjugate optical feedback, By using numerical simulations we show that for narrow-stripe gain-guided lasers, both types of optical feedback from an external cavity fan convert the twin-lobed far fields into a nearly single-lobed far field, We also find that conventional and phase-conjugate feedbacks in broad-area lasers induce a spatial modulation of the lateral field that increases the tendency for filamentation at moderate (-30 dB) feedback levels. C1 USAF, PHILLIPS LAB, SEMICOND LASER BRANCH, KIRTLAND AFB, NM 87117 USA. RP Marciante, JR (reprint author), UNIV ROCHESTER, INST OPT, ROCHESTER, NY 14627 USA. RI Agrawal, Govind/D-5380-2013 OI Agrawal, Govind/0000-0003-4486-8533 NR 26 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9197 J9 IEEE J QUANTUM ELECT JI IEEE J. Quantum Electron. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 32 IS 9 BP 1630 EP 1635 DI 10.1109/3.535368 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA VF782 UT WOS:A1996VF78200014 ER PT J AU vanDorp, JR Mazzuchi, TA Fornell, GE Pollock, LR AF vanDorp, JR Mazzuchi, TA Fornell, GE Pollock, LR TI A Bayes approach to step-stress accelerated life testing SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON RELIABILITY LA English DT Article DE ordered Dirichlet distribution; overstress testing; environmental testing ID DESIGNS; MODELS AB Summ. & Conclusions - This paper develops a Raves model for step-stress accelerated life testing. The failure times at each stress level are exponentially distributed, but strict adherence to a time-transformation function is not required. Rather, prior information is used to define indirectly a multivariate prior distribution for the failure rates at the various stress levels. Our prior distribution preserves the natural ordering of the failure rates in both the prior gr posterior estimates. Methods are developed for Bayes point estimates as well as for making probability statements for use-stress life parameters. The approach is illustrated with an example. C1 USAF,ELECT SYST CTR,BEDFORD,MA. RP vanDorp, JR (reprint author), GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV,DEPT OPERAT RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20052, USA. NR 19 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 3 U2 9 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9529 J9 IEEE T RELIAB JI IEEE Trans. Reliab. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 45 IS 3 BP 491 EP 498 DI 10.1109/24.537021 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA VK796 UT WOS:A1996VK79600029 ER PT J AU Simons, JV Simpson, WP Carlson, BJ James, SW Lettiere, CA Mediate, BA AF Simons, JV Simpson, WP Carlson, BJ James, SW Lettiere, CA Mediate, BA TI Formulation and solution of the drum-buffer-rope constraint scheduling problem (DBRCSP) SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PRODUCTION RESEARCH LA English DT Article AB This paper seeks to advance the current understanding of constraint scheduling in several ways. First, it describes the need for constraint scheduling in DBR systems. It then formally presents the production scheduling problem DBR attempts to solve and relates that formulation to prior research. Finally, it evaluates the quality of solutions produced by the solution algorithm incorporated by the Goldratt Institute (and now maintained by the TOC Center's Goal Systems Group) in their production software on a set of benchmark problems involving multiple constraints. The results show that generally good results can be obtained as long as the constraints are scheduled in the best sequence. C1 USAF,INST TECHNOL,GRAD SCH LOGIST & ACQUISIT MANAGEMENT,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. NR 19 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNDPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND EC4A 3DE SN 0020-7543 J9 INT J PROD RES JI Int. J. Prod. Res. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 34 IS 9 BP 2405 EP 2420 DI 10.1080/00207549608905035 PG 16 WC Engineering, Industrial; Engineering, Manufacturing; Operations Research & Management Science SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA VE804 UT WOS:A1996VE80400003 ER PT J AU Lucas, JN Hill, FS Burk, CE Cox, AB Straume, T AF Lucas, JN Hill, FS Burk, CE Cox, AB Straume, T TI Stability of the translocation frequency following whole-body irradiation measured in rhesus monkeys SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION; CHROMOSOME TRANSLOCATIONS; BLOOD-LYMPHOCYTES; RADIATION; PRIMATES; ABERRATIONS; LIBRARIES; DOSIMETRY; YIELDS; PROBES AB Chromosome translocations are persistent indicators of prior exposure to ionizing radiation and the development of 'chromosome painting' to efficiently detect translocations has resulted in a powerful biological dosimetry tool for radiation dose reconstruction. However, the actual stability of the translocation frequency with time after exposure must be measured before it can be used reliably to obtain doses for individuals exposed years or decades previously. Human chromosome painting probes were used here to measure reciprocal translocation frequencies in cells from two tissues of 8 rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) irradiated almost three decades previously. Six of the monkeys were exposed in 1965 to whole-body (fully penetrating) radiation and two were unexposed controls. The primates were irradiated as juveniles to single doses of 0.56, 1.13, 2.00, or 2.25 Gy. Blood lymphocytes (and skin fibroblasts from one individual) were obtained for cytogenetic analysis in 1993, near the end of the animals' lifespans. Results show identical dose-response relationships 28 y after exposure in vivo and immediately after exposure in vitro. Because chromosome aberrations are induced with identical frequencies in vivo and in vitro, these results demonstrate that the translocation frequencies induced in 1965 have not changed significantly during the almost three decades since exposure. Finally, our emerging biodosimetry data for individual radiation workers are now confirming the utility of reciprocal translocations measured by FISH in radiation dose reconstruction. C1 ARMSTRONG LAB,OERT,BROOKS AFB,TX 78235. RP Lucas, JN (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 806,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 35 TC 60 Z9 63 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNDPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND EC4A 3DE SN 0955-3002 J9 INT J RADIAT BIOL JI Int. J. Radiat. Biol. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 70 IS 3 BP 309 EP 318 DI 10.1080/095530096145049 PG 10 WC Biology; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA VG310 UT WOS:A1996VG31000008 PM 8800202 ER PT J AU Malas, JC Venugopal, S AF Malas, JC Venugopal, S TI Emerging sensors for the intelligent processing of materials SO JOM-JOURNAL OF THE MINERALS METALS & MATERIALS SOCIETY LA English DT Editorial Material RP Malas, JC (reprint author), WRIGHT LAB,MAT DIRECTORATE,MAT PROC DESIGN,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH, USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 1047-4838 J9 JOM-J MIN MET MAT S JI JOM-J. Miner. Met. Mater. Soc. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 48 IS 9 BP 15 EP 15 PG 1 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA VG137 UT WOS:A1996VG13700002 ER PT J AU Jackson, AG Laube, SJP Busbee, J AF Jackson, AG Laube, SJP Busbee, J TI Sensor principles and methods for measuring physical properties SO JOM-JOURNAL OF THE MINERALS METALS & MATERIALS SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID PULSED-LASER DEPOSITION AB Because the scientific method is based on measurement and observation, measurement methodologies and techniques are critical to the advancement of science and technology. Direct measurement of physical properties, or inferences from physical properties, are based on models of behavior. To reduce the possibility of erroneous measurement, a clear understanding of how a sensor translates physical properties into measured values is vital to advancing materials and process design. The linkage between the accepted models, sensor principles, and methods of measurement enables one to optimally choose a sensor technology. Opportunities for innovation and research are abundant in this field, with the trend toward micro- and nano-sized integrated systems being especially notable. C1 USAF,WRIGHT LAB,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. NR 17 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 1047-4838 J9 JOM-J MIN MET MAT S JI JOM-J. Miner. Met. Mater. Soc. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 48 IS 9 BP 16 EP 23 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA VG137 UT WOS:A1996VG13700003 ER PT J AU Mullins, WM Irwin, RD Venugopal, S Malas, JC AF Mullins, WM Irwin, RD Venugopal, S Malas, JC TI The simulation of acoustic emission for metal forging SO JOM-JOURNAL OF THE MINERALS METALS & MATERIALS SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID DEFORMATION; ALUMINUM AB In this article, physical models for acoustic emission (AE) are introduced and expressions are derived to predict AE activity from such parameters as applied stress, strain, and strain rate. These models ave incorporated into a viscoplastic finite-element simulation program, and the AE event rate generated during metal-forming operations is predicted. Simulation results are presented for upsetting operations on a typical C-Mn type steel for various friction and die geometry conditions. The AE model predictions compare well with the limited available experimental results reported in the literature and demonstrate that AE signatures can be reliably simulated. C1 MAT DIRECTORATE,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. USAF,WRIGHT LAB,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. OHIO STATE UNIV,COLUMBUS,OH 43210. NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 1047-4838 J9 JOM-J MIN MET MAT S JI JOM-J. Miner. Met. Mater. Soc. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 48 IS 9 BP 35 EP 37 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA VG137 UT WOS:A1996VG13700007 ER PT J AU Thomas, SK Cassoni, RP MacArthur, CD AF Thomas, SK Cassoni, RP MacArthur, CD TI Aircraft anti-icing and de-icing techniques and modeling SO JOURNAL OF AIRCRAFT LA English DT Article ID ICE ACCRETION; PREDICTION; AIRFOILS; SYSTEM C1 USAF,WRIGHT LAB,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. RP Thomas, SK (reprint author), WRIGHT STATE UNIV,DAYTON,OH 45435, USA. NR 86 TC 60 Z9 75 U1 1 U2 22 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0021-8669 J9 J AIRCRAFT JI J. Aircr. PD SEP-OCT PY 1996 VL 33 IS 5 BP 841 EP 854 DI 10.2514/3.47027 PG 14 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA VL276 UT WOS:A1996VL27600001 ER PT J AU Mosbarger, NA King, PI AF Mosbarger, NA King, PI TI Time-dependent supersonic separation of tangent bodies SO JOURNAL OF AIRCRAFT LA English DT Article AB An experimental, time-dependent separation of tangent bodies was performed in a supersonic wind tunnel (Mach 1.5 and 1.9) to investigate the significance of transient effects and the suitability of using steady-state assumptions to predict a dynamic separation event. Model configurations consisted of two bodies placed in a near tangent position, A stationary body, a plate or ogive, was instrumented to obtain dynamic surface pressures, while a second body, a wedge attached to an air cylinder was plunged in a constrained motion away from and toward the stationary model. Three-dimensional flow expansion around the edge of the wedge reduced the strength of incident shock waves and created a region of low pressure, near freestream static, on body surfaces between the incident and reflection shock waves. Dynamic motion of the wedge did not significantly affect shock-wave development between the bodies, and steady-state corrections that accounted for the motion-induced wedge angle were appropriate for predicting time-dependent surface pressures induced by the incident shock wave. However, unsteady pressures caused from the motion of the wedge were evident when separation distances were less than 20% of the wedge width. C1 USAF,INST TECHNOL,DEPT AERONAUT & ASTRONAUT,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. RP Mosbarger, NA (reprint author), USAF,WRIGHT LAB,AEROMECH DIV,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0021-8669 J9 J AIRCRAFT JI J. Aircr. PD SEP-OCT PY 1996 VL 33 IS 5 BP 938 EP 949 DI 10.2514/3.47039 PG 12 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA VL276 UT WOS:A1996VL27600013 ER PT J AU Ingham, EA Scofield, JD Pachter, M AF Ingham, EA Scofield, JD Pachter, M TI Improved linear prediction for deep level transient spectroscopy analysis SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; SINUSOIDS; SIGNALS; NOISE; TRAPS; GAAS AB A novel linear prediction based parameter estimation algorithm is developed for analyzing deep level transient spectroscopy (DLTS) signals. The algorithm performs significantly better than a current linear prediction based algorithm used in DLTS because it accurately accounts for the effects of noise and any underlying baseline constant. The algorithm is developed for any digitized isothermal capacitance transient. It does not rely on overmodeling or require baseline nulling hardware. The superior performance of the algorithm is verified on synthesized, as well as challenging actual DLTS signals. It is shown to consistently extend the linear regions and resolve closely spaced activation energies on Arrhenius plots. RP Ingham, EA (reprint author), USAF,INST TECHNOL,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD SEP 1 PY 1996 VL 80 IS 5 BP 2805 EP 2814 DI 10.1063/1.363133 PG 10 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA VE246 UT WOS:A1996VE24600035 ER PT J AU Ongstad, AP Tilton, ML Bochove, EJ Dente, GC AF Ongstad, AP Tilton, ML Bochove, EJ Dente, GC TI Carrier spillover at 300, 195, and 77 K in InGaAs and GaAs single quantum wells SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SEMICONDUCTOR-LASERS; RECOMBINATION RATE; TEMPERATURE; LIFETIME; GAIN AB The carrier recombination rates in GaAs and strained InGaAs-GaAs single-quantum-well lasers of varying well width and potential depth, respectively, have been measured at 300, 195, and 77 K. For the InGaAs quantum wells (QWs), the carrier lifetime saturates at high inversion, with both the Shockley-Read (SR) lifetime and the saturation lifetime showing substantial reductions with decreasing temperature. The large reduction in the SR lifetime may be attributed to the increased effectiveness of acceptor ions as trap sites, due to the reduced carrier momentum at lower temperature. In a similar vein, the saturation lifetime is also reduced, due to the enhanced carrier confinement in the QW, brought about by the decrease in the carrier thermalization. For the GaAs QWs at 300 K, the saturation lifetime decreases as the well width is increased. The recombination rate law of bulk material is inadequate to predict the recombination rates in these QWs. Consequently, a local recombination model has been developed which accurately predicts the observed lifetime saturation behavior as a function of well width, potential depth, and temperature. Further, T-0 of 95 and 162 K are calculated for the shallow and deep QW lasers, respectively. This calculation suggests that it is the temperature dependence of the differential gain that is the dominant factor in setting the temperature sensitivity of the InGaAs QW lasers. C1 ROCKWELL POWER SYST CO,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. UNIV NEW MEXICO,CTR HIGH TECHNOL MAT,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. GCD ASSOCIATES,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87110. RP Ongstad, AP (reprint author), USAF,PHILLIPS LAB,550 ABERDEEN AVE SE,KIRTLAND AFB,NM 87117, USA. NR 16 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD SEP 1 PY 1996 VL 80 IS 5 BP 2866 EP 2872 DI 10.1063/1.363138 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA VE246 UT WOS:A1996VE24600043 ER PT J AU Dauplaise, HM Vaccaro, K Davis, A Ramseyer, GO Lorenzo, JP AF Dauplaise, HM Vaccaro, K Davis, A Ramseyer, GO Lorenzo, JP TI Analysis of thin CdS layers on InP for improved metal-insulator-semiconductor devices SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CADMIUM-SULFIDE; INTERFACE PROPERTIES; SIO2-SI INTERFACE; INDIUM-PHOSPHIDE; PASSIVATION; DEPOSITION; SURFACE; MISFETS; FILMS AB Cadmium sulfide (CdS) layers were deposited from an aqueous solution of thiourea, cadmium sulfate, and ammonia on (100) n-InP at 60-95 degrees C. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed that the deposition process effectively removes native oxides on InP and forms a protective layer for subsequent dielectric deposition. Surface analysis also showed that the InP surface is not P deficient following oxide deposition on CdS-treated InP. Capacitance-voltage and conductance-voltage measurements of metal-insulator-semiconductor (MTS) capacitors were used to compare samples with and without CdS films between InP and a deposited insulator. Capacitance-voltage response of CdS-treated MIS structures showed well-defined regions of accumulation, depletion, and inversion. The interface-state density at midgap was reduced from 5X10(11) to 6X10(10) eV(-1) cm(-2) with CdS treatment. Depletion-mode MIS field-effect transistors made using this new passivation technique exhibited superior device performance to that of untreated samples. C1 USAF,ROME LAB,DIV ELECT RELIABIL,ROME,NY 13441. RP Dauplaise, HM (reprint author), USAF,ROME LAB,OPT TECHNOL DIV,BEDFORD,MA 01731, USA. NR 25 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD SEP 1 PY 1996 VL 80 IS 5 BP 2873 EP 2882 DI 10.1063/1.363139 PG 10 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA VE246 UT WOS:A1996VE24600044 ER PT J AU Benedetti, MGE Parsons, MTW Smith, MDK AF Benedetti, MGE Parsons, MTW Smith, MDK TI A periosteal ganglion of the distal part of the radius - A case report SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND JOINT SURGERY-AMERICAN VOLUME LA English DT Article C1 WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,DEPT RADIOL,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236. RP Benedetti, MGE (reprint author), WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,DEPT ORTHOPAED SURG,SUITE 1-PSSB,2200 BERGQUIST AVE,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236, USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOURNAL BONE JOINT SURGERY INC PI NEEDHAM PA 20 PICKERING ST, NEEDHAM, MA 02192 SN 0021-9355 J9 J BONE JOINT SURG AM JI J. Bone Joint Surg.-Am. Vol. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 78A IS 9 BP 1415 EP 1418 PG 4 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA VH355 UT WOS:A1996VH35500020 ER PT J AU Walker, KK Schexnayder, C Mayo, RE Walsh, KD AF Walker, KK Schexnayder, C Mayo, RE Walsh, KD TI Methods and procedural considerations in demolishing tall concrete chimneys SO JOURNAL OF CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT-ASCE LA English DT Article AB This paper reports on a study of possible demolition methods for tall concrete chimneys. In particular it discusses a case where the adjoining plant functions had to remain fully operational during the demolition process. Therefore, both operational and cost concerns in relation to demolition methods and procedures are discussed. In fact, operational risk factors can be critical in the selection of demolition methods. It was found that when diamond sawing was chosen as the method for demolishing reinforced-concrete structures, the cutting pattern can have a significant impact on project cost. RP Walker, KK (reprint author), USAF,LUKE AFB,AZ 85309, USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 SN 0733-9364 J9 J CONSTR ENG M ASCE JI J. Constr. Eng. Manage.-ASCE PD SEP PY 1996 VL 122 IS 3 BP 223 EP 230 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9364(1996)122:3(223) PG 8 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Industrial; Engineering, Civil SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA VD772 UT WOS:A1996VD77200004 ER PT J AU Liebst, BS Torvik, PJ AF Liebst, BS Torvik, PJ TI Asymptotic approximations for systems incorporating fractional derivative damping SO JOURNAL OF DYNAMIC SYSTEMS MEASUREMENT AND CONTROL-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID VISCOELASTICALLY DAMPED STRUCTURES; CALCULUS; BEHAVIOR AB Viscoelastic constitutive relationships incorporating fractional derivatives have been previously shown to be extremely useful in describing the frequency dependent behavior of common damping materials. However, the implementation of such models in the analysis of damped mechanical systems is some,what complicated by the fact that polynomial equations with noninteger order exponents must be solved. This paper develops accurate approximations from which the damping factor and damped natural frequency of such systems may be obtained by evaluating relatively simple algebraic expressions. RP Liebst, BS (reprint author), USAF,INST TECHNOL,2950 P ST,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. NR 10 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 0022-0434 J9 J DYN SYST-T ASME JI J. Dyn. Syst. Meas. Control-Trans. ASME PD SEP PY 1996 VL 118 IS 3 BP 572 EP 579 DI 10.1115/1.2801182 PG 8 WC Automation & Control Systems; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Automation & Control Systems; Instruments & Instrumentation GA VK047 UT WOS:A1996VK04700024 ER PT J AU Schwartz, SA Schindler, WG AF Schwartz, SA Schindler, WG TI Management of a maxillary canine with dens invaginatus and a vital pulp SO JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS LA English DT Article ID ENDODONTIC TREATMENT AB A case is presented that demonstrates successful management of a maxillary canine with dens invaginatus (Oehlers' type 3 invagination) with associated chronic periradicular periodontitis and a vital pulp. Debridement and obturation of the invaginated space resulted in resolution of the associated periradicular radiolucency. Pulp vitality was retained after endodontic treatment of the invagination. C1 WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,DEPT ENDODONT,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236. NR 10 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 3 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0099-2399 J9 J ENDODONT JI J. Endod. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 22 IS 9 BP 493 EP 496 DI 10.1016/S0099-2399(96)80086-0 PG 4 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA VE847 UT WOS:A1996VE84700013 PM 9198434 ER PT J AU McMichael, JM AF McMichael, JM TI Micro-electromechanical systems pose big challenges in fluid dynamics SO JOURNAL OF FLUIDS ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Editorial Material RP McMichael, JM (reprint author), USAF,OFF SCI RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20330, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 0098-2202 J9 J FLUID ENG-T ASME JI J. Fluids Eng.-Trans. ASME PD SEP PY 1996 VL 118 IS 3 BP 433 EP 433 DI 10.1115/1.2817776 PG 1 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA VN191 UT WOS:A1996VN19100001 ER PT J AU Houck, MM Ubelaker, D Owsley, D Craig, E Grant, W Fram, R Woltanski, T Sandness, K AF Houck, MM Ubelaker, D Owsley, D Craig, E Grant, W Fram, R Woltanski, T Sandness, K TI The role of forensic anthropology in the recovery and analysis of Branch Davidian compound victims: Assessing the accuracy of age estimations SO JOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE forensic science; forensic anthropology; physical anthropology; age-at-death estimation; Branch Davidian; compound ID OS-PUBIS AB Age-at-death estimations of 44 individuals (27 adults, 17 children) from the Branch Davidian sample were compared with their actual ages. Estimations were evaluated for bias and accuracy for the actual age at death. Although the overall average estimates correlated well with the actual ages (r = 0.946), several individuals displayed high residual requiring further analysis and review. These individuals displayed age-related features that did not correspond with the expected morphology for individuals of their ages. Several age estimation techniques scored these individuals with all bias in the same direction. These examples should serve as cautionary reminders that biology does not always correlate with expected outcomes, particularly in such multifaceted traits such as age. C1 NATL MUSEUM NAT HIST,SMITHSONIAN INST,DEPT ANTHROPOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20560. MED EXAMINERS OFF,FRANKFORT,KY. USA,CENT IDENTIFICAT LAB,HICKAM AFB,HONOLULU,HI. TARRANT CTY MED EXAMINERS OFF,CRIMINALIST LAB,FT WORTH,TX. RP Houck, MM (reprint author), FBI LAB,HAIRS & FIBERS UNIT,RM 3931,10TH & PENN AVE NW,WASHINGTON,DC 20535, USA. NR 30 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER SOC TESTING MATERIALS PI W CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DR, W CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 SN 0022-1198 J9 J FORENSIC SCI JI J. Forensic Sci. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 41 IS 5 BP 796 EP 801 PG 6 WC Medicine, Legal SC Legal Medicine GA VE526 UT WOS:A1996VE52600013 PM 8789840 ER PT J AU Meier, PA AF Meier, PA TI Proof of CMV neurological infection is problematic - Reply SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Letter RP Meier, PA (reprint author), WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI CAMBRIDGE PA 238 MAIN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 11 IS 9 BP 569 EP 569 PG 1 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA VP757 UT WOS:A1996VP75700017 ER PT J AU Shiokawa, K Yumoto, K Nishitani, N Hayashi, K Oguti, T McEwen, DJ Kiyama, Y Rich, FJ Mukai, T AF Shiokawa, K Yumoto, K Nishitani, N Hayashi, K Oguti, T McEwen, DJ Kiyama, Y Rich, FJ Mukai, T TI Quasi-periodic poleward motions of Sun-aligned auroral arcs in the high-latitude morning sector: A case study SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID INTERPLANETARY MAGNETIC-FIELD; POLAR-CAP ARCS; MULTIPLE BRIGHTENINGS; BOUNDARY-LAYER; NORTHWARD; VIKING; MAGNETOSPHERE; RECONNECTION; CONVECTION; SIGNATURES AB This is the first payer which reports the characteristics of quasi-periodic poleward motions of Sun-aligned auroral arcs in the high-latitude morning sector. The moving arcs are observed from ground-based stations at magnetic latitudes (MLAT) of 78 degrees and 84 degrees during magnetically quiet intervals (interplanetary magnetic field B-z similar to 0 or > 0). The arcs move poleward repeatedly with a period of several minutes and a velocity of similar to 400-500 m/s and disappear at around 85 degrees MLAT. For the event observed at 78 degrees MLAT, the arcs are repeatedly detached from a stable aurora which is located at the equatorward of the arcs. The moving arcs correspond to accelerated electrons observed by the Exos D satellite. The stable aurora corresponds to continuous precipitation of high-energy electrons which probably originate from the inner part. of the plasma sheet. The ion drift data from the DMSP-F11 satellite show that the poleward moving arcs are located around the boundary of the large-scale sunward flowing region at lower latitudes and the antisunward flowing region at higher latitudes. From these results, we conclude that the area are connected to the boundary region between the plasma sheet and the low-latitude boundary layer in the morningside tail flank. Several mechanisms which can produce the observed motions of the arcs are discussed. C1 UNIV TOKYO, FAC SCI, BUNKYO KU, TOKYO 113, JAPAN. NIIGATA UNIV, FAC SCI, NIIGATA 95021, JAPAN. UNIV SASKATCHEWAN, INST SPACE & ATMOSPHER STUDIES, SASKATOON, SK S7N 0W0, CANADA. INST SPACE & ASTRONAUT SCI, KANAGAWA 229, JAPAN. USAF, GEOPHYS LAB, BEDFORD, MA 01731 USA. KYUSHU UNIV, DEPT EARTH & PLANETARY SCI, FUKUOKA 812, JAPAN. RP Shiokawa, K (reprint author), NAGOYA UNIV, SOLAR TERR ENVIRONM LAB, TOYOKAWA 442, JAPAN. NR 32 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD SEP 1 PY 1996 VL 101 IS A9 BP 19789 EP 19800 DI 10.1029/96JA01202 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VF257 UT WOS:A1996VF25700015 ER PT J AU Jacques, DR Ridgely, DB Canfield, RA AF Jacques, DR Ridgely, DB Canfield, RA TI Discrete-time, mixed-norm control synthesis applied to aircraft terrain following SO JOURNAL OF GUIDANCE CONTROL AND DYNAMICS LA English DT Article ID INFINITY AB A fixed-order, mixed-norm control synthesis technique for discrete time linear systems is demonstrated. The method allows the control-system designer to combine the H-2, I-1, and H-infinity, norms of dissimilar transfer functions into a single constrained optimization problem. Any number or combination of constraints can be added to the problem, and the method constrains the norms directly without reliance on upper bounds to the norms. The method is applied to a terrain-following problem involving a multi input multi-output model of a lighter aircraft. An H-2-I-1 problem is formulated and solved to provide altitude and flight-path angle tracking in the presence of wind gusts and sensor noise. Finally, an H-infinity constraint on output complementary sensitivity is added to improve robust stability. C1 USAF,INST TECHNOL,DEPT AERONAUT & ASTRONAUT,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0731-5090 J9 J GUID CONTROL DYNAM JI J. Guid. Control Dyn. PD SEP-OCT PY 1996 VL 19 IS 5 BP 1088 EP 1094 DI 10.2514/3.21749 PG 7 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA VE513 UT WOS:A1996VE51300014 ER PT J AU Hall, CD AF Hall, CD TI Momentum transfer in two-rotor gyrostats SO JOURNAL OF GUIDANCE CONTROL AND DYNAMICS LA English DT Article ID DUAL-SPIN SPACECRAFT; DYNAMICS AB The orientation of a spacecraft can be changed efficiently by transferring angular momentum between the platform and internal momentum wheels using internal torques. The speed of such maneuvers depends on the size of the internal torques and may be limited by the effects of excitation of any flexible elements of the spacecraft, The internal torques required to accomplish such maneuvers arise in various forms. Three types of torque are considered: constant torques for a simple momentum transfer, viscous torques attributable to bearing friction, and time-varying torques defined by a suitable control law. A previously developed graphic result for single-rotor gyrostats is extended to the multiple-rotor case and used to illustrate the different trajectories for the two-rotor gyrostat. A novel feature is the development of stationary-platform rotational maneuvers in which the platform's angular velocity is small throughout the maneuver, These maneuvers are based on a simple control law and are not restricted to small angles. RP Hall, CD (reprint author), USAF,INST TECHNOL,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. NR 15 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0731-5090 J9 J GUID CONTROL DYNAM JI J. Guid. Control Dyn. PD SEP-OCT PY 1996 VL 19 IS 5 BP 1157 EP 1161 DI 10.2514/3.21758 PG 5 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA VE513 UT WOS:A1996VE51300023 ER PT J AU Donta, ST Peduzzi, P Cross, AS Sadoff, J Haakenson, C Cryz, SJ Kauffman, C Bradley, S Gafford, G Elliston, D Beam, TR John, JF Ribner, B Cantey, R Welsh, CH Ellison, RT Young, EJ Hamill, RJ Leaf, H Schein, RMH Mulligan, M Johnson, C Abrutyn, E Griffiss, JM Hamadeh, R Eliasson, AH McClain, JB Melcher, GP Kelly, JW Byrne, WR Wallace, M Amundson, D Gumpert, B Slagle, D AF Donta, ST Peduzzi, P Cross, AS Sadoff, J Haakenson, C Cryz, SJ Kauffman, C Bradley, S Gafford, G Elliston, D Beam, TR John, JF Ribner, B Cantey, R Welsh, CH Ellison, RT Young, EJ Hamill, RJ Leaf, H Schein, RMH Mulligan, M Johnson, C Abrutyn, E Griffiss, JM Hamadeh, R Eliasson, AH McClain, JB Melcher, GP Kelly, JW Byrne, WR Wallace, M Amundson, D Gumpert, B Slagle, D TI Immunoprophylaxis against Klebsiella and Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID INTRAVENOUS IMMUNOGLOBULIN; IMMUNE GLOBULIN; RESISTANT; IMMUNOGENICITY; VACCINE; SAFETY; HUMANS; THERAPY; TOXIN AB To determine if passive immunization could decrease the incidence or severity of Klebsiella and Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections, patients admitted to intensive care units of 16 Department of Veterans Affairs and Department of Defense hospitals were randomized to receive either 100 mg/kg intravenous hyperimmune globulin (IVIG), derived from donors immunized with a 24-valent Klebsiella capsular polysaccharide plus an 8-valent P. aeruginosa O-polysaccharide-toxin A conjugate vaccine, or an albumin placebo. The overall incidence and severity of vaccine-specific Klebsiella plus Pseudomonas infections were not significantly different between the groups receiving albumin and IVIG. There was some evidence that IVIG may decrease the incidence (2.7% albumin vs. 1.2% IVIG) and severity (1.0% vs. 0.3%) of vaccine-specific Klebsiella infections, but these reductions were not statistically significant. The trial was stopped because it was statistically unlikely that IVIG would be protective against Pseudomonas infections at the dosage being used. Patients receiving IVIG had more adverse reactions (14.4% vs. 9.2%). C1 VET ADM MED CTR,ANN ARBOR,MI 48105. VET ADM MED CTR,ASHEVILLE,NC. VET ADM MED CTR,BUFFALO,NY 14215. VET ADM MED CTR,NEW YORK,NY 10010. VET ADM MED CTR,CHARLESTON,SC 29403. VET ADM MED CTR,DENVER,CO 80220. VET ADM MED CTR,HOUSTON,TX 77211. VET ADM MED CTR,MIAMI,FL 33125. VET ADM MED CTR,LONG BEACH,CA 90822. VET ADM MED CTR,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94121. VET ADM MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. VET ADM COOPERAT STUDIES COORDINATING CTR,WEST HAVEN,CT. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. VET COOPERAT STUDIES CENT RES PHARM,ALBUQUERQUE,NM. SWISS SERUM & VACCINE INST,CH-3001 BERN,SWITZERLAND. WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236. BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234. WILLIAM BEAUMONT ARMY MED CTR,EL PASO,TX 79920. FITZSIMONS ARMY MED CTR,AURORA,CO 80045. USN HOSP,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134. RP Donta, ST (reprint author), VET ADM MED CTR,150 S HUNTINGTON AVE,BOSTON,MA 02130, USA. NR 24 TC 60 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 174 IS 3 BP 537 EP 543 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA VE493 UT WOS:A1996VE49300013 PM 8769611 ER PT J AU Gist, RS Lu, PY Raj, HGM Campbell, C Elkins, TE AF Gist, RS Lu, PY Raj, HGM Campbell, C Elkins, TE TI Use of sodium hetastarch (Hespan) solution for reduction of postoperative adhesion formation in rabbits SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE SURGERY LA English DT Article DE adhesions; hetastarch ID PLASMINOGEN-ACTIVATOR; MODEL; PREVENTION; INHIBITION; RAT AB A study was conducted to determine the effect of sodium hydroxy ethyl starch (Hespan) on primary adhesion formation in a rabbit model. Hespan is a readily available volume expander. This was a randomized double-blinded animal model in which New Zealand white rabbits were subjected to midline celiotomy. Adhesions were created by abrasion in both uterine horns, adjacent bowel, and peritoneum. Necropsies were performed at the 2-week interval and adhesions were graded. Significant decreases in type II and type III adhesions (p = .032 and p = .020, respectively) were demonstrated in Hespan-treated animals. Sodium hetastarch appears to decrease significant adhesion formation in treated animals and may have a role as an adjunct for postsurgical prevention. C1 MAYO CLIN & MAYO GRAD SCH MED,DEPT OBSTET & GYNECOL,DIV REPROD ENDOCRINOL,ROCHESTER,MN 55901. LOUISIANA STATE UNIV,MED CTR,SCH MED,DEPT OBSTET & GYNECOL,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70112. RP Gist, RS (reprint author), SHEPPARD AFB HOSP,DEPT OBSTET & GYNECOL,149 HART ST,SHEPPARD AFB,TX 76311, USA. NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS PI BRISTOL PA 1900 FROST ROAD, SUITE 101, BRISTOL, PA 19007-1598 SN 0894-1939 J9 J INVEST SURG JI J. Invest. Surg. PD SEP-OCT PY 1996 VL 9 IS 5 BP 369 EP 373 DI 10.3109/08941939609021278 PG 5 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA VV572 UT WOS:A1996VV57200004 PM 8951660 ER PT J AU Bruno, JG Yu, H Kilian, JP Moore, AA AF Bruno, JG Yu, H Kilian, JP Moore, AA TI Development of an immunomagnetic assay system for rapid detection of bacteria and leukocytes in body fluids SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR RECOGNITION LA English DT Article DE immunomagnetic separation; clinical automation; magnetic beads; bacteria; E-coli; T cells ID MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; MAGNETIC SEPARATION; CELL-SEPARATION; KINETICS; SAMPLES; ANTIGEN; SPORES; MARROW; FECES; BEADS AB Immunomagnetic (LM) separation and concentration of specific target ligands or particles, such as bacteria or leukocytes, from complex mixtures, such as bone marrow, blood and other body fluids, is now a widely accepted technique, LM methodologies require high affinity antibodies or other receptors, but are potentially as effective as density gradient separations, Thus, a computer-controlled first-generation immunomagnetic assay system (IMAS) biodetector is being developed for clinical diagnostics, This system is fully automated and affords the advantage of rapid flow-through capture of all types of magnetic beads (MBs) and obviates operator contact with body fluid samples during the collection and analysis phases. In the present work, biotinylated capture antibodies were bound to streptavidin coated MBs for capture of E. coli O157:H7, T cells and T cell subsets. Samples were automatically vortex mixed with antibody-coated MBs, stained with an acridine dye or fluorescent antibody and collected in a specially designed dow cell containing multiple steel pins, which concentrate external magnetic field lines, IM complexes were rapidly (within minutes), separated from their media in the magnetic field, Magnetically captured particles were automatically rinsed in the flow cell to remove unwanted materials and detection was achieved via a flow-through fluorimeter, Samples can be subsequently captured on a microbiological filter for microscopic visualization and image analysis, Preliminary results demonstrate that rapid detection of target bacteria and leukocytes at tow concentrations in body fluids is possible with a total assay time under 1 h. This IM technology has many other potential clinical, industrial and environmental monitoring applications. C1 USAF, APPL RES ASSOCIATES, ARMSTRONG LAB, ENVIRON DIRECTORATE, TYNDALL AFB, FL 32403 USA. OPERAT TECHNOL CORP, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78229 USA. ROTHE DEV INC, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78222 USA. NR 25 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0952-3499 EI 1099-1352 J9 J MOL RECOGNIT JI J. Mol. Recognit. PD SEP-DEC PY 1996 VL 9 IS 5-6 BP 474 EP 479 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1352(199634/12)9:5/6<474::AID-JMR286>3.0.CO;2-0 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA WZ027 UT WOS:A1996WZ02700024 PM 9174926 ER PT J AU Padilla, WJ Rudd, RW AF Padilla, WJ Rudd, RW TI Creating a buttonless casting by using preformed wax sprues SO JOURNAL OF PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY LA English DT Article AB Calculating precisely the amount of metal in a casting has major advantages over traditional methods. Eliminating guesswork permits making a casting without a button, which in turn facilitates the use of a larger percent of new metal with subsequent castings. This article gives details for calculating the amount of metal to be used. C1 USAF,DENT LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20330. USAF,DENT CORPS,PETERSON AFB,CO. USAF,AREA DENT LAB,PETERSON AFB,CO. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0022-3913 J9 J PROSTHET DENT JI J. Prosthet. Dent. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 76 IS 3 BP 327 EP 329 DI 10.1016/S0022-3913(96)90181-X PG 3 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA VJ517 UT WOS:A1996VJ51700020 PM 8887810 ER PT J AU Knecht, DJ Pike, CP Murad, E Rall, DLA AF Knecht, DJ Pike, CP Murad, E Rall, DLA TI Interaction of solid-rocket exhaust with the atmosphere SO JOURNAL OF SPACECRAFT AND ROCKETS LA English DT Article ID SPACE-SHUTTLE EXHAUST AB Photometrically calibrated, ground-based, wide-band images were recently obtained for the exhaust trail of an aluminized solid-rocket motor of 10,000-kgf thrust operating and smoldering near 110 km. These observations were made in the visible and near infrared using an intensified video camera mounted on the acquisition telescope of the 1.6-m telescope at the U.S. Air Force Maul Optical Site. The burn-associated luminous volume expands within a few frames to about 1 km transverse to the trajectory, with most of the emission occurring near its stationary edges. Its initial lifetime, determined from individual as well as sequential images, is 13 +/- 3 s. This spatial distribution and persistence show that the emission is not due to thermal radiation from or catalyzed by micrometer-scale Al2O3 exhaust particles. Assuming that the chemiluminescence is due to the reaction of ambient atomic oxygen with the combustion products of the exhaust, the data lead to a depletion-rate coefficient of about 10(-12) cm(3) molecule(-1) s(-1). We suggest that a key step in producing the emission is due to Al-containing complexes reacting exothermally with O atoms in the upper atmosphere. The visible-light-emitting species is likely to be an electronically excited state of AlO2 or AlO. Analysis of the hydrodynamic development of the radiating volumes leads to their scaling to other solid-rocket thrusts and altitudes. C1 PHOTOMETR INC,WOBURN,MA 01801. USAF,PHILLIPS LAB,DIV IONOSPHER EFFECTS,BEDFORD,MA 01731. USAF,PHILLIPS LAB,IONOSPHER INTERACT BRANCH,BEDFORD,MA 01731. RP Knecht, DJ (reprint author), USAF,PHILLIPS LAB,IONOSPHER INTERACT BRANCH,29 RANDOLPH RD,BEDFORD,MA 01731, USA. NR 27 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0022-4650 J9 J SPACECRAFT ROCKETS JI J. Spacecr. Rockets PD SEP-OCT PY 1996 VL 33 IS 5 BP 677 EP 685 DI 10.2514/3.26820 PG 9 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA VM676 UT WOS:A1996VM67600013 ER PT J AU Williams, GK AF Williams, GK TI 'The shank of the drills': Americans and strategical aviation in the Great War SO JOURNAL OF STRATEGIC STUDIES LA English DT Article RP Williams, GK (reprint author), USAF,HIST SUPPORT OFF,WASHINGTON,DC 20330, USA. NR 33 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU FRANK CASS CO LTD PI ESSEX PA NEWBURY HOUSE, 900 EASTERN AVE, NEWBURY PARK, ILFORD, ESSEX, ENGLAND IG2 7HH SN 0140-2390 J9 J STRATEGIC STUD JI J. Strateg. Stud. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 19 IS 3 BP 381 EP 431 DI 10.1080/01402399608437645 PG 51 WC International Relations; Political Science SC International Relations; Government & Law GA WB488 UT WOS:A1996WB48800005 ER PT J AU Banfield, CM Bartels, JE Hudson, JA Wright, JC Hathcock, JT Montgomery, RD AF Banfield, CM Bartels, JE Hudson, JA Wright, JC Hathcock, JT Montgomery, RD TI A retrospective study of canine hip dysplasia in 116 military working dogs .1. Angle measurements and Orthopedic Foundation for Animals (OFA) grading SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ANIMAL HOSPITAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID FEMORAL ANGLE; INCLINATION AB The progression of hip dysplasia was investigated in 116 military working dogs. Serial pelvic radiographs were graded for degree of dysplasia and degenerative joint disease (DJD). Norberg angles, angles of inclination, and joint space widths were measured. There was a significant correlation between the Norberg angle and the degree of dysplasia (p less than 0.0001). Angles of inclination and joint space width measurements did not demonstrate a correlation to canine hip dysplasia. Dysplastic dogs had a significant estimated risk for development of DJD compared to normal dogs (p less than 0.0001; odds ratio of 70.2). Dogs with normal hip conformation at 24 months of age or older did not develop moderate nor severe DJD. C1 AUBURN UNIV,COLL VET MED,DEPT RADIOL,AUBURN,AL 36849. AUBURN UNIV,COLL VET MED,DEPT PATHOBIOL,AUBURN,AL 36849. AUBURN UNIV,COLL VET MED,DEPT SMALL ANIM SURG & MED,AUBURN,AL 36849. RP Banfield, CM (reprint author), US DEPT DEF,MIL WORKING DOG VET SERV,CLIN SERV & RADIOL,1219 KNIGHT ST,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236, USA. NR 36 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER ANIMAL HOSPITAL ASSOC PI LAKEWOOD PA PO BOX 150899, LAKEWOOD, CO 80215-0899 SN 0587-2871 J9 J AM ANIM HOSP ASSOC JI J. Am. Anim. Hosp. Assoc. PD SEP-OCT PY 1996 VL 32 IS 5 BP 413 EP 422 PG 10 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA VE666 UT WOS:A1996VE66600010 PM 8875357 ER PT J AU Banfield, CM Bartels, JE Hudson, JA Wright, JC Montgomery, RD Hathcock, JT AF Banfield, CM Bartels, JE Hudson, JA Wright, JC Montgomery, RD Hathcock, JT TI A retrospective study of canine hip dysplasia in 116 military working dogs .2. Clinical signs and performance data SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ANIMAL HOSPITAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article AB The progression of hip dysplasia was investigated in 116 military working dogs. Medical records were reviewed for any clinical history of hind-limb lameness, Pelvic radiographs were studied for evidence and degree of hip dysplasia, degenerative joint disease, or both, The number of months each dog worked was determined, Each dog's age at termination from service and cause of death (or euthanasia) were recorded. The mean months of work for normal and dysplastic dogs were evaluated using the Student's t-test, No significant difference was found in the total number of months worked between normal and dysplastic dogs (p greater than 0.05). C1 AUBURN UNIV,COLL VET MED,DEPT RADIOL,AUBURN,AL 36849. AUBURN UNIV,COLL VET MED,DEPT PATHOBIOL,AUBURN,AL 36849. AUBURN UNIV,COLL VET MED,DEPT SMALL ANIM SURG & MED,AUBURN,AL 36849. RP Banfield, CM (reprint author), US DEPT DEF,MIL WORKING DOG VET SERV,CLIN SERV & RADIOL,1219 KNIGHT ST,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236, USA. NR 11 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER ANIMAL HOSPITAL ASSOC PI LAKEWOOD PA PO BOX 150899, LAKEWOOD, CO 80215-0899 SN 0587-2871 J9 J AM ANIM HOSP ASSOC JI J. Am. Anim. Hosp. Assoc. PD SEP-OCT PY 1996 VL 32 IS 5 BP 423 EP 430 PG 8 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA VE666 UT WOS:A1996VE66600011 PM 8875358 ER PT J AU Cinibulk, MK Welch, JR Hay, RS AF Cinibulk, MK Welch, JR Hay, RS TI Preparation of thin sections of coated fibers for characterization by transmission electron microscopy SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article AB A method of preparing transmission electron microscopy (TEM) specimens of coated ceramic fibers has been developed, which produces large electron transparent areas due to the minimal preferential milling of the fiber, coating, or epoxy matrix. Multiple individual fibers or tows are impregnated with a high-temperature epoxy and contained to assure a high fiber-to-epoxy volume ratio, The samples are then sectioned and mechanically thinned either parallel or normal to the fiber axes using a wedge polisher on diamond lapping films to achieve a thickness of less than 5 mu m. The thinned sample is then ion-milled to electron transparency in less than 30 min, giving representative specimens of the coating, fiber, and coating-fiber interface. This technique is also well suited to preparing extremely flat specimens for scanning electron microscopy analysis of thin coatings. Examples of TEM sections of coated fibers prepared using this technique are presented. RP Cinibulk, MK (reprint author), MLLM,WRIGHT LAB,MAT DIRECTORATE,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. NR 13 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-6136 SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 79 IS 9 BP 2481 EP 2484 DI 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1996.tb09001.x PG 4 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA VJ727 UT WOS:A1996VJ72700035 ER PT J AU MartinArevalo, DL Yee, J Pugh, J Burgess, DN AF MartinArevalo, DL Yee, J Pugh, J Burgess, DN TI Fixed and reproducible orthostatic proteinuria: A 35-yr follow-up study. SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,AUDIE L MURPHY VET ADM HOSP,SAN ANTONIO,TX. WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78236. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 1046-6673 J9 J AM SOC NEPHROL JI J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 7 IS 9 BP A0384 EP A0384 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA VK074 UT WOS:A1996VK07400383 ER PT J AU Carlin, RT Trulove, PC DeLong, HC AF Carlin, RT Trulove, PC DeLong, HC TI Electrodeposition of cobalt-aluminum alloys from room temperature chloroaluminate molten salt SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID DEPOSITION; NUCLEATION; METAL; CHLORIDE; GROWTH AB The electrochemical reduction of cobalt(II) in the 1.5:1.0 AlCl3:EMIC (EMIC = 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride) room temperature molten salt leads to cobalt metal at potentials positive of +0.4 V and to CoAlx alloys when the deposition potential is negative of +0.4 V. The value of x in CoAlx gradually increases up to a value of 2 as the electrodeposition potential (E(deposition)) decreases, however, plots of x vs. E(deposition) exhibit sloping plateaus and indicate preferential formation of alloys having integral compositions of CoAl1 and CoAl2. The formation of these alloys can be interpreted as an under-potential deposition-based process or as a free energy of alloy formation. Evaluation of the chronoamperometric transient behavior during electrodeposition shows that pure Co deposition proceeds via 3D progressive nucleation with diffusion-controlled growth. However, as E(deposition) crosses from Co metal into the alloy-forming range, th nucleation process exhibits characteristics indicative of kinetic control. C1 USN ACAD,DEPT CHEM,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402. USAF,OFF SCI RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20332. RP Carlin, RT (reprint author), COVALENT ASSOCIATES INC,WOBURN,MA 01801, USA. NR 26 TC 62 Z9 63 U1 1 U2 14 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 143 IS 9 BP 2747 EP 2758 DI 10.1149/1.1837102 PG 12 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA VH209 UT WOS:A1996VH20900025 ER PT J AU Quinlan, KP AF Quinlan, KP TI Photoelectrochemical etching of p-InP in nitric acid solutions SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID N-INP; ELECTRODES AB Photoelectrochemical (PEC) studies of p-InP in various nitric acid solutions demonstrated that the semiconductor undergoes etching with favorable etch rates in the negative potential region. The etch rate increases with decreasing potentials to -1.0 V and exhibits a small decrease with still lower potentials. Etch rates are proportional to light intensity. The values of etch rate for p-InP biased at -1.0 V vary from 0.07 to 1.24 mu m/min for HNO3 solutions with concentrations ranging from 1.0 to 5.0 M. With acid concentrations greater than 5 M, the etch rates were inconsistent. Little or no PEC etching was observed with nitric acid concentrations greater than 7.5 M. Voltammetry shows that photoreduction of protons and possibly nitric acid takes precedence over the photoreduction of InP to In in higher HNO3 concentrations. RP Quinlan, KP (reprint author), USAF, ROME LAB, ELECT MAT BRANCH, EM MAT TECHNOL DIV, BEDFORD, MA 01731 USA. NR 24 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 0013-4651 EI 1945-7111 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 143 IS 9 BP L200 EP L202 DI 10.1149/1.1837086 PG 3 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA VH209 UT WOS:A1996VH20900009 ER PT J AU Fenimore, DL Schepler, KL Zelmon, D Kuck, S Ramabadran, UB VonRichter, P Small, D AF Fenimore, DL Schepler, KL Zelmon, D Kuck, S Ramabadran, UB VonRichter, P Small, D TI Rubidium titanyl arsenate difference-frequency generation and validation of new Sellmeier coefficients SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article AB Rubidium titanyl arsenate (RTA), a crystallographic isomorph of potassium titanyl phosphate, shows promise for nonlinear-frequency generation throughout the 1-5-mu m spectral region. Difference-frequency generation in an RTA crystal produced tunable output in the 3.2-4.2-mu m wavelength range. A single 1.064-mu m Nd:YAG laser pumped both a LiNbO3 optical parametric oscillator used to generate a tunable signal beam and the RTA crystal used for difference-frequency generation. Conversion efficiencies were limited to 4% primarily by the large beam divergence of the signal beam. Phase-matching measurements were in excellent agreement with new IR-corrected RTA Sellmeier equations based on refractive-index measurements. (C) 1996 Optical Society of America. C1 UNIV DAYTON,RES INST,DAYTON,OH 45469. WRIGHT STATE UNIV,SW OHIO COUNCIL HIGHER EDUC,DAYTON,OH 45435. RP Fenimore, DL (reprint author), WRIGHT LAB,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. RI Schepler, Kenneth/D-3730-2015; OI Schepler, Kenneth/0000-0001-9658-2305 NR 8 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 1 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0740-3224 J9 J OPT SOC AM B JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 13 IS 9 BP 1935 EP 1940 DI 10.1364/JOSAB.13.001935 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA VF898 UT WOS:A1996VF89800013 ER PT J AU Leyendecker, JR Buehrer, JL Johnson, SP McDonald, KD AF Leyendecker, JR Buehrer, JL Johnson, SP McDonald, KD TI Thrombosed superficial femoral artery aneurysms in a child: Failure of limb salvage with catheter-directed thrombolysis SO JOURNAL OF VASCULAR AND INTERVENTIONAL RADIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE aneurysm, femoral; thrombolysis; children, cardiovascular system ID THERAPY; INFANTS AB ISCHEMIC limb threat of the lower extremity due to aneurysmal disease is exceedingly rare in children. Of the 23 patients described by Sarkar et al (1) in their review of arterial aneurysms in children, none presented. with ischemic symptoms related to aneurysm occlusion. In addition, thrombolysis is rarely employed for lower extremity arterial occlusive disease in children unrelated to femoral artery catheterization or other form of trauma. We report an unsuccessful attempt at limb salvage, despite significant clot lysis during urokinase infusion, in a 3-year-old child with thrombosed superficial femoral artery aneurysms. C1 WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,DEPT VASC SURG,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236. WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,DEPT PATHOL,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236. RP Leyendecker, JR (reprint author), WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,DEPT RADIOL,220 BERGQUIST DR,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236, USA. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 1051-0443 J9 J VASC INTERV RADIOL JI J. Vasc. Interv. Radiol. PD SEP-OCT PY 1996 VL 7 IS 5 BP 691 EP 694 DI 10.1016/S1051-0443(96)70830-8 PG 4 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA VM631 UT WOS:A1996VM63100011 PM 8897334 ER PT J AU Puffer, RL AF Puffer, RL TI Forever flying: An autobiography - Hoover,RA, Shaw,M SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review RP Puffer, RL (reprint author), USAF,HIST PROG,EDWARDS AFB,CA, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD SEP 1 PY 1996 VL 121 IS 14 BP 186 EP & PG 2 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA VF870 UT WOS:A1996VF87000098 ER PT J AU Schreiber, BF Sharma, SK AF Schreiber, BF Sharma, SK TI Personal computer-based data acquisition and control system for traction experiments SO LUBRICATION ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE data acquisition methods; traction AB A step-by-step approach used to assemble a personal computer-based data acquisition and control system for lubricant traction testing is described. Hardware aspects discussed include the selection of analog-to-digital, digital-to-analog and relay boards. Pros and cons of using custom vs. commercial software, and so,ne lessons learned, are also addressed. C1 USAF,WRIGHT LAB,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. RP Schreiber, BF (reprint author), UNIV DAYTON,RES INST,DAYTON,OH 45469, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC TRIBOLOGISTS & LUBRICATION ENGINEERS PI PARK RIDGE PA 838 BUSSE HIGHWAY, PARK RIDGE, IL 60068 SN 0024-7154 J9 LUBR ENG JI Lubric. Eng. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 52 IS 9 BP 701 EP 705 PG 5 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA VH249 UT WOS:A1996VH24900025 ER PT J AU Dubois, D Bice, W Bradford, B Schneid, T Engelmeier, R AF Dubois, D Bice, W Bradford, B Schneid, T Engelmeier, R TI Moldable tissue equivalent bolus for high-energy photon and electron therapy SO MEDICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE model structural; bolus; electrons; photons; radiotherapy AB In radiation therapy, there is often a need to treat irregular surfaces with electron and photon beams. These surfaces require smoothing to achieve uniform doses at depth and proper buildup of dose at the surface. The surface smoothing and dose buildup is achieved by applying bolus. To deliver a known dose, produce a known central axis depth dose, and beam flatness for successful treatment, it is necessary that water or tissue equivalent bolus material is used. This material must also be able to fill extremely irregular voids. Several moldable materials, currently or formerly used in dental clinics, were evaluated for adequacy as tissue equivalent bolus. Availability was also considered during evaluation. Polyflex (R), a hydrocolloid, was found to be near water equivalent fur electron and photon beams. It was also inexpensive, readily available, and held up well over time. C1 WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,DEPT MAXILLOFACIAL PROSTHET,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236. UNIV TEXAS,HOUSTON DENT BRANCH,DEPT PROSTHODONT,HOUSTON,TX 77225. RP Dubois, D (reprint author), WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,RADIAT ONCOL SERV,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236, USA. NR 7 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0094-2405 J9 MED PHYS JI Med. Phys. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 23 IS 9 BP 1547 EP 1549 DI 10.1118/1.597820 PG 3 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA VH677 UT WOS:A1996VH67700005 PM 8892252 ER PT J AU Ravichandran, KS Miracle, DB Mendiratta, MG AF Ravichandran, KS Miracle, DB Mendiratta, MG TI Microstructure and mechanical behavior of Cr-Cr2Hf in situ intermetallic composites SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ALLOYS AB A detailed investigation of the effects of microstructural changes on the mechanical behavior of two in situ intermetallic composites with Cr and Cr2Hf phases in the Cr-Hf system was performed. The nominal compositions (at. pct) of the alloys were Cr-5.6Hf (hypoeutectic) and Cr-13Hf (eutectic). The study included evaluations of strength, ductility, and fracture toughness as a function of temperature and creep behavior. Two microstructures in each alloy were obtained by heat treatments at 1250 degrees C (fine microstructure) and 1500 degrees C (coarse microstructure).;A decrease in elastic strength (stress at the onset of inelastic response in the load-deflection curve) with the coarsening of the microstructures was noted for both alloys below 1000 degrees C. The Cr-13Hf ahoy retained strength to a higher test temperature, relative to Cr-5.6Hf alloy, under both microstructural conditions. The alloys showed no evidence of ductility at room temperature. However, in the coarse microstructure of the Cr-5.6Hf alloy, the primary Cr exhibited ductility at and above 200 degrees C; ductility in primary Cr could be seen only at and above 1000 degrees C for the fine microstructure. In other words, the temperature at which ductility was first observed decreased from about 1000 degrees C to about 200 degrees C due to high-temperature heat treatment in this alloy. Both microstructures of Cr-5.6Hf alloy showed a significant increase in fracture toughness with increasing test temperature. However, the increases in fracture toughness with temperature for the Cr-13Hf alloy microstructures were relatively small. Both alloys showed about four orders of magnitude reduction in steady-state creep rates relative to pure Cr at 1200 degrees C. The results are analyzed in the light of deformation characteristics and fracture micromechanisms. The effects of microstructural factors, such as the size and continuity of phases, solubility levels of Hf as well as interstitial elements in Cr, on the observed mechanical behavior are discussed. C1 USAF,MAT DIRECTORATE,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. UNIVERSAL ENERGY SYST INC,MAT & PROC,DAYTON,OH 45432. RP Ravichandran, KS (reprint author), UNIV UTAH,DEPT MET ENGN,SALT LAKE CITY,UT 84112, USA. NR 24 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 2 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 27 IS 9 BP 2583 EP 2592 DI 10.1007/BF02652352 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA VH386 UT WOS:A1996VH38600019 ER PT J AU Jackson, CE Amato, AA Barohn, RJ AF Jackson, CE Amato, AA Barohn, RJ TI Isolated vitamin E deficiency SO MUSCLE & NERVE LA English DT Article DE vitamin E deficiency; peripheral neuropathy; tocopherols; spinocerebellar degeneration; ataxia ID CHRONIC CHILDHOOD CHOLESTASIS; TOCOPHEROL-TRANSFER PROTEIN; ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL; SPINOCEREBELLAR SYNDROME; CHILDREN; DISEASE; ABETALIPOPROTEINEMIA; MALABSORPTION; LIVER AB A 22-year-old man presented with progressive gait instability, tremor, and dysarthria since childhood. Electrophysiologic studies revealed a sensorimotor polyneuropathy. Laboratory studies documented vitamin E deficiency; however, no gastrointestinal, hepatic, or lipoprotein disorder could be identified, Vitamin E therapy normalized the serum level, but there was no neurologic improvement. Isolated vitamin E deficiency, in the absence of lipid malabsorption, should be considered in the evaluation of children and adults with ataxia and peripheral neuropathy. (C) 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,DIV NEUROL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,SW MED CTR,DEPT NEUROL,DALLAS,TX 75235. WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,DEPT NEUROL,LACKLAND AFB,TX. NR 27 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0148-639X J9 MUSCLE NERVE JI Muscle Nerve PD SEP PY 1996 VL 19 IS 9 BP 1161 EP 1165 PG 5 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA VC635 UT WOS:A1996VC63500013 PM 8761274 ER PT J AU Steppe, JM Bauer, KW AF Steppe, JM Bauer, KW TI Improved feature screening in feedforward neural networks SO NEUROCOMPUTING LA English DT Article DE feedforward neural network; feature saliency; bonferroni statistics AB We present a statistical approach for identifying important input features in single hidden layer feedforward neural networks trained via backpropagation. Our approach involves the simultaneous comparison of saliency (importance) measures of candidate features to the saliency measure of a known noisy feature using a hypothesis test for the equality of means. Applying a Bonferroni-type test statistic, we are able to screen the entire feature set to within a specified degree of statistical confidence. We demonstrate the reliable identification of noisy features for a modified version of 'Fisher's Iris' problem and a real-world discrimination problem containing a feature which contributes little to classification. C1 USAF,INST TECHNOL,DEPT OPERAT SCI,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. NR 19 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-2312 J9 NEUROCOMPUTING JI Neurocomputing PD SEP PY 1996 VL 13 IS 1 BP 47 EP 58 DI 10.1016/0925-2312(95)00100-X PG 12 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence SC Computer Science GA VF499 UT WOS:A1996VF49900005 ER PT J AU Munro, GA Hilton, TJ Hermesch, CB AF Munro, GA Hilton, TJ Hermesch, CB TI In vitro microleakage of etched and rebonded class 5 composite resin restorations SO OPERATIVE DENTISTRY LA English DT Article ID POLYMERIZATION SHRINKAGE; HYGROSCOPIC EXPANSION; MARGINAL ADAPTATION; CONTRACTION GAPS; DENTIN CAVITIES; BONDING AGENT; LEAKAGE; GROWTH; PULP AB The purpose of this study was to measure the effect rebonding, with and without etching restoration margins, had on the microleakage of class 5 composite restorations, Eighty-two class 5 composite restorations were placed in extracted human molars with one margin on etched enamel and one below the cementoenamel junction. After finishing with disks, the teeth were divided into seven margin treatment groups: 1) restorations with no rebonding (control), 2) restoration margins rebonded with Universal Bond 3 primer, 3) restoration margins etched with 37% phosphoric acid and rebonded with Universal Bond 3 primer, 4) restoration margins rebonded with Universal Bond 3 adhesive, 5) restoration margins etched and rebonded with Universal Bond 3 adhesive, 6) restoration margins rebonded with Fortify, and 7) restoration margins etched and rebonded with Fortify. After storage in a chlorine-based disinfectant for 1 week, the restorations were thermocycled and then soaked in dye, After sectioning, microleakage was assessed by measuring the extent of dye penetration along the restoration-tooth interface, At the enamel margins there was no statistical difference in microleakage rebonded with or without etching. On the gingival margins there was a statistically significant reduction in microleakage for the nonetched Universal Bond 3 adhesive rebonded group compared to the nonrebonded control. C1 USN,MED CTR,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134. RP Munro, GA (reprint author), DUNN DENT CLIN,DEPT GEN DENT,59TH MED WING,DSG,1615 TRUEMPER ST,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236, USA. NR 39 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV WASHINGTON PI SEATTLE PA SCHOOL DENTISTRY SM-57, SEATTLE, WA 98195 SN 0361-7734 J9 OPER DENT JI Oper. Dent. PD SEP-OCT PY 1996 VL 21 IS 5 BP 203 EP 208 PG 6 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA VE854 UT WOS:A1996VE85400006 PM 9484173 ER PT J AU Horner, JL Javidi, B AF Horner, JL Javidi, B TI Optical security SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Editorial Material C1 UNIV CONNECTICUT,DEPT ELECT & SYST ENGN,STORRS,CT 06269. RP Horner, JL (reprint author), USAF,ROME LAB,DEPT AIR FORCE,BEDFORD,MA 01731, USA. NR 0 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC PHOTO-OPT INSTRUM ENG PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 35 IS 9 BP 2451 EP 2452 DI 10.1117/1.600830 PG 2 WC Optics SC Optics GA VG764 UT WOS:A1996VG76400002 ER PT J AU Grycewicz, TJ Javidi, B AF Grycewicz, TJ Javidi, B TI Experimental comparison of binary joint transform correlators used for fingerprint identification SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE optical security; binary joint transform correlator; fingerprint identification; frame subtraction; Fourier plane windowing; chirp encoding; optimum threshold function; Fourier plane processing ID SPATIAL LIGHT-MODULATOR; FOURIER-PLANE AB We compare the experimental performance of 12 variations of the binary joint transform correlator (BJTC) when used for fingerprint identification. Three hardware architectures were used: a single spatial light modulator (SLM) BJTC, a BJTC using two input SLMs, and a chirp-encoded BJTC using two input SLMs. These correlators were implemented on the same hardware setup with minor modifications. With each hardware configuration, four binarization techniques were implemented: global threshold, Fourier plane windowing, frame subtraction, and frame subtraction followed by windowing. A set of 10 experiments was used to characterize the output peak intensity, peak-to-noise ratio, and discrimination ratio. The same set of experiments was run on each of the 12 correlator variants. (C) 1996 Society of Photo-Optical instrumentation Engineers. C1 UNIV CONNECTICUT, DEPT ELECT & SYST ENGN, STORRS, CT 06269 USA. RP Grycewicz, TJ (reprint author), USAF, ROME LAB, BEDFORD, MA 01731 USA. NR 20 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 EI 1560-2303 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 35 IS 9 BP 2519 EP 2525 DI 10.1117/1.600856 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA VG764 UT WOS:A1996VG76400013 ER PT J AU Chauvet, M Hawkins, SA Salamo, GJ Segev, M Bliss, DF Bryant, G AF Chauvet, M Hawkins, SA Salamo, GJ Segev, M Bliss, DF Bryant, G TI Self-trapping of planar optical beams by use of the photorefractive effect in InP:Fe SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SPATIAL SOLITONS; MEDIA; DARK AB We demonstrate what we believe to be the first experimental observation of self-trapping and self-deflection of a planar optical beam by the photorefractive effect in a semiconductor. The semiconductor material is indium phosphide doped with iron. We show that the observed focusing and defocusing effects follow the component of the two-wave-mixing space charge field that is in phase with the intensity pattern, whereas the spatial beam deflection effects follow the 90 degrees-shifted component. (C) 1996 Optical Society of America C1 PRINCETON UNIV, DEPT ELECT ENGN, PRINCETON, NJ 08544 USA. PRINCETON UNIV, ADV CTR PHOTON & OPTOELECT MAT, PRINCETON, NJ 08544 USA. USAF, ROME LAB, BEDFORD, MA 01731 USA. RP Chauvet, M (reprint author), UNIV ARKANSAS, DEPT PHYS, FAYETTEVILLE, AR 72701 USA. NR 13 TC 70 Z9 71 U1 0 U2 1 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 EI 1539-4794 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD SEP 1 PY 1996 VL 21 IS 17 BP 1333 EP 1335 DI 10.1364/OL.21.001333 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA VE310 UT WOS:A1996VE31000007 PM 19876343 ER PT J AU Buenger, V Daft, RL Conlon, EJ Austin, J AF Buenger, V Daft, RL Conlon, EJ Austin, J TI Competing values in organizations: Contextual influences and structural consequences SO ORGANIZATION SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE competing values; environment; technology and organization structure ID ENVIRONMENTAL UNCERTAINTY; PERCEIVED UNCERTAINTY; TECHNOLOGY; WORK; DETERMINANTS; COVARIANCE; CRITERIA; SYSTEMS; MODELS; GOALS AB Managers recognize that they must satisfy a variety of demands, some contradictory. The authors investigated this circumstance using Quinn and Rohrbaugh's competing values model. They report the findings of a study that identified and measured the four competing values (internal process value, rational goal value, human relations value, and open system value) across organizations and investigated whether contextual and structural variables were systematically associated with those value sets. Data were gathered from a large sample of United States Air Force Commands. Results showed that the operating units pursued the four values defined by the model, but did not emphasize them equally. Certain environmental characteristics (information and resource scarcity and technological uncertainty) and aspects of the units' technology (their task routineness, workflow interdependence, and training complexity) were associated with organizational value sets. The values emphasized were associated in turn with the coordinating structure (vertical or horizontal coordination) adopted by the units. The study attempted to move the competing values model beyond theoretical concepts. The results confirm the competing values at work in organizations and also suggest that value sets differ from unit to unit. Certain patterns of values appear to exist within particular environmental and technological contexts. These findings indicate tradeoffs among values. Emphasizing some values may hamper pursuit of others. So when managers decide to give priority to programs designed to strengthen to the human relations value, efficiency and short-term profitability may drop off. Managers must be aware of this shifting balance. They must evaluate whether prescriptions for organizational success make sense. Decisions should reflect the organization's value structure (and its deficiencies), its technology, its environment, and its structure as well as show these elements fit together. C1 UNIV NOTRE DAME,DEPT MANAGEMENT,NOTRE DAME,IN 46556. USAF ACAD,DFBL,COLORADO SPRINGS,CO 80840. RP Buenger, V (reprint author), VANDERBILT UNIV,OWEN GRAD SCH MANAGEMENT,NASHVILLE,TN 37203, USA. NR 68 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 2 U2 31 PU INST OPERATIONS RESEARCH MANAGEMENT SCIENCES PI LINTHICUM HTS PA 901 ELKRIDGE LANDING RD, STE 400, LINTHICUM HTS, MD 21090-2909 SN 1047-7039 J9 ORGAN SCI JI Organ Sci. PD SEP-OCT PY 1996 VL 7 IS 5 BP 557 EP 576 DI 10.1287/orsc.7.5.557 PG 20 WC Management SC Business & Economics GA WA601 UT WOS:A1996WA60100008 ER PT J AU Huff, DS Lockett, L Diescher, B Noe, A AF Huff, DS Lockett, L Diescher, B Noe, A TI The mesonephric duct ectodermal ring relationship in the embryology of epididymal-testicular descent in humans. A computer assisted three dimensional reconstruction study. SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 HUMAN DEV ANAT CTR,WASHINGTON,DC. USAF,WASHINGTON,DC 20330. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD SEP PY 1996 VL 98 IS 3 SU S BP F101 EP F101 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA VG265 UT WOS:A1996VG26500242 ER PT J AU Ross, M AF Ross, M TI Strengthening the hip abductors SO PHYSICIAN AND SPORTSMEDICINE LA English DT Article RP Ross, M (reprint author), USAF,MED GRP 39,PHYS THERAPY SERV,INCIRLIK AIR BASE,TURKEY. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MCGRAW HILL HEALTHCARE PUBLICATIONS PI MINNEAPOLIS PA 4530 WEST 77TH ST, MINNEAPOLIS, MN 55435-5000 SN 0091-3847 J9 PHYSICIAN SPORTSMED JI Physician Sportsmed. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 24 IS 9 BP X16 EP X16 PG 1 WC Primary Health Care; Orthopedics; Sport Sciences SC General & Internal Medicine; Orthopedics; Sport Sciences GA VF936 UT WOS:A1996VF93600007 ER PT J AU Reynes, RL AF Reynes, RL TI The dream, communication, and attunement SO PSYCHOTHERAPY LA English DT Article AB The significant yet evolving function of the dream in Psychoanalytic modes of treatment is considered with a particular focus on its communicative role. A clinical vignette is used to illustrate the way in which a patient may use a shift of discourse, to the level of the dream, in order to communicate vital, yet previously under recognized information about the patient-therapist relationship. A reconsideration of this case, from a self-psychological rather than the original object relations perspective, highlights the self restorative and preservative as well as the communicative elements of the dream. Implications of these alternate listening approaches and the potentially curative aspects of treatment are discussed. RP Reynes, RL (reprint author), WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,DEPT PSYCHOL,2200 BERGQUIST DR,SUITE 1,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236, USA. NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC, DIV PSYCHOTHERAPY PI PHOENIX PA 3900 E CAMELBACK RD #200, PHOENIX, AZ 85018 SN 0033-3204 J9 PSYCHOTHERAPY JI Psychotherapy PD FAL PY 1996 VL 33 IS 3 BP 479 EP 484 DI 10.1037/0033-3204.33.3.479 PG 6 WC Psychology, Clinical SC Psychology GA WB961 UT WOS:A1996WB96100013 ER PT J AU Neumann, FX AF Neumann, FX TI What makes public administration a science? Or, are its ''big questions'' really big? SO PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION REVIEW LA English DT Article ID CHAOS AB What are the appropriate basic research questions public administration must address if it is to aspire to the status of a science? It is the philosophical nature of the true sciences that those basic questions concern the essential character and origins of their core subject matters. Neumann proposes that the appropriate research question for public administration, those at the level which definer the discipline, must concern the structure and dynamics of the public organization. Within the physical sciences, a new paradigm is emerging that views natural systems as nonlinear, complex, and ''chaotic.'' This new view of open systems now obliges public administrators to readdress the dynamics of their own artificial systems-the public organizations. Thus, such basic questions as those which relate to organizational theory, public management and the relationship of the public organization to its environment now need to be revisited under the concepts of complexity and chaos. C1 USAF,WASHINGTON,DC 20330. GEORGE MASON UNIV,FAIRFAX,VA 22030. NR 26 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC PUBLIC ADMIN PI WASHINGTON PA 1120 G STREET WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0033-3352 J9 PUBLIC ADMIN REV JI Public Adm. Rev. PD SEP-OCT PY 1996 VL 56 IS 5 BP 409 EP 415 DI 10.2307/977039 PG 7 WC Public Administration SC Public Administration GA VH606 UT WOS:A1996VH60600001 ER PT J AU McGrath, DT Pyati, VP AF McGrath, DT Pyati, VP TI Periodic structure analysis using a hybrid finite element method SO RADIO SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB A numerical solution for the time harmonic electromagnetic fields in a unit cell of an infinite, planar periodic structure has been developed and validated. It uses a variation of the hybrid finite element method that includes periodic radiation conditions at the exterior surfaces and periodicity conditions at the unit cell walls inside the structure. This technique allows the method to deal with structures that include inhomogeneous dielectrics and conductors with arbitrary shape and orientation. This paper presents the formulation of the finite element problem and shows the results of test cases involving an inductive screen, an artificial dielectric, and a layered-dielectric bandgap medium. The results show that the new method is accurate and versatile. C1 USAF,INST TECHNOL,ENG,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. USAF,PHILLIPS LAB,KIRTLAND AFB,NM 87117. NR 13 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0048-6604 J9 RADIO SCI JI Radio Sci. PD SEP-OCT PY 1996 VL 31 IS 5 BP 1173 EP 1179 DI 10.1029/96RS00869 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications GA VK772 UT WOS:A1996VK77200017 ER PT J AU Lincoln, JW AF Lincoln, JW TI Aging aircraft issues in the United States Air Force SO SAMPE JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB The need to maintain aircraft in the inventory for a longer period of time has focused attention on aging aircraft issues in the United States Air Force. These issues are kept under control through the application of the USAF Aircraft Structural Integrity Program (ASIP). This program was initiated in 1958 in response to in-service aircraft fatigue failures, and it is now being applied to the acquisition of new aircraft as well as the preservation of aging aircraft. It has proved itself in the maintenance of structural integrity through programs involving assessment of widespread fatigue damage, corrosion, repairs, and operations beyond the design service Life. It is the purpose of this paper to discuss the aging aircraft issues and show how ASIP has been successfully utilized through specific examples of aging aircraft in operational service in the USAF. The aging aircraft concerns with the acquisition of used aircraft from commercial operators will also be discussed. RP Lincoln, JW (reprint author), AERONAUT SYST CTR,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAMPE PUBLISHERS PI COVINA PA 1161 PARKVIEW DRIVE, COVINA, CA 91722 SN 0091-1062 J9 SAMPE J JI Sampe J. PD SEP-OCT PY 1996 VL 32 IS 5 BP 27 EP 33 PG 7 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA VE214 UT WOS:A1996VE21400005 ER PT J AU Look, DC Fang, ZQ Sizelove, JR AF Look, DC Fang, ZQ Sizelove, JR TI Depletion approximation in semiconductor trap filling analysis: Application to EL2 in GaAs SO SOLID-STATE ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article ID CAPACITANCE TRANSIENT SPECTROSCOPY; DEFECT AB The relative change in capacitance Delta C/C, due to trap-filling caused by a change in surface potential Delta V, is the basis of deep level transient spectroscopy (DLTS) and several related experiments. Here we formulate an exact analysis of Delta C/C, involving a numerical (N) solution of the Poisson equation, and compare with experiment and with a new analytical formula derived from a depletion-approximation (DA) solution of the Poisson equation, but without the limitations on trap density inherent in older DA formulas. Limits on the agreement of the N and DA solutions are established as a function of Delta V for the important case of EL2 in GaAs. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd C1 USAF,WRIGHT LAB,ELRA,SOLID STATE ELECT DIRECTORATE,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. RP Look, DC (reprint author), WRIGHT STATE UNIV,RES CTR,DAYTON,OH 45435, USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0038-1101 J9 SOLID STATE ELECTRON JI Solid-State Electron. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 39 IS 9 BP 1398 EP 1400 DI 10.1016/0038-1101(96)00021-4 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA VE354 UT WOS:A1996VE35400023 ER PT J AU Reinhardt, BA AF Reinhardt, BA TI Third-order nonlinear optical polymers SO TRENDS IN POLYMER SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID EXCITED-STATE ENHANCEMENT; 2-PHOTON ABSORPTION C1 USAF,WRIGHT LAB,POLYMER BRANCH,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0966-4793 J9 TRENDS POLYM SCI JI Trends Polym. Sci. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 4 IS 9 BP 287 EP 289 PG 3 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA VJ088 UT WOS:A1996VJ08800002 ER PT J AU Dooley, J Schirmer, J Slade, B Folden, B AF Dooley, J Schirmer, J Slade, B Folden, B TI Use of transcutaneous pressure of oxygen in the evaluation of edematous wounds SO UNDERSEA & HYPERBARIC MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE wound edema; hyperbaric oxygen therapy ID TRANS-CUTANEOUS OXYGEN; VENOUS ULCERATION; AMPUTATION LEVEL; LIMB ISCHEMIA; PO2; PREDICTION; INHALATION; TENSION; DISEASE AB Transcutaneous pressure of oxygen (Ptco(2)) was measured in edematous wounds before and after a regimen of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2) therapy, in patients breathing normobaric air (AIR), 100% normobaric oxygen (O2), and 100% O-2 at 239 kPa (2.36 atm abs; HBO). Wounds also were scored for severity, including three ratings for periwound edema. Only during AIR was pre Ptc O-2 of markedly edematous wounds significantly lower than that of moderately edematous and non-edematous wounds (P < 0.001). After HBO2 therapy, wound severity score and periwound edema rating decreased significantly (P < 0.001), and periwound edema ratings could no longer be distinguished by PtcO(2). Although pre periwound Ptco, measured during both O2 and HBO evaluations was significantly greater than that measured during AIR (P < 0.0001) and was positively correlated with subsequent change in wound severity (P < 0.05), regression analyses failed to yield a significant prediction equation. The authors conclude: a) dramatically marked increases in Ptco, of normally hypoxic (<30 Torr O-2) edematous wounds during O2 and HBO challenges demonstrate that periwound edema is an O-2 diffusion barrier during normal conditions; b) HBO2 therapy significantly reduces periwound edema in markedly edematous wounds; c) despite significant correlations between pre-therapy periwound Ptco, measured during O2 and HBO challenges and changes in wound severity, single Ptco(2) measurements are not predictive of changes in periwound edema or overall wound severity. C1 DEPT HYPERBAR MED,TRAVIS AFB,CA 94535. RP Dooley, J (reprint author), ARMSTRONG LAB,CFTF,CREW TECHNOL DIV,BROOKS AFB,TX 78235, USA. NR 29 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNDERSEA & HYPERBARIC MEDICAL SOC INC PI KENSINGTON PA 10531 METROPOLITAN AVE, KENSINGTON, MD 20895 SN 1066-2936 J9 UNDERSEA HYPERBAR M JI Undersea Hyperb. Med. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 23 IS 3 BP 167 EP 174 PG 8 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA VR925 UT WOS:A1996VR92500007 PM 8931284 ER PT J AU Previc, FH AF Previc, FH TI Attentional and oculomotor influences on visual field anisotropies in visual search performance SO VISUAL COGNITION LA English DT Article ID EYE-MOVEMENTS; 3-DIMENSIONAL SPACE; SACCADIC LATENCY AB Two experiments were performed to assess the influence of attentional and oculomotor factors on the advantage of the upper-right visual field in visual search for shape targets (Previc & Blume, 1993). In Experiment 1, attention was manipulated by varying the number of distracters in a standard conjunction-search task (subjects had to find a target shape defined by a particular combination of size and orientation when 11, 23, or 35 distracters were present) and by using a feature-search task involving a homogeneous set of distracters that differed by a single feature from the target. The results were that the magnitude of the upper-right search advantage diminished from approximate to 200 msec in the 35-distractor conjunction-search condition to approximate to 70 msec in the least demanding attentional conditions. In Experiment 2, eye movements during a subset of the above attentional conditions were recorded, and two principal measures were obtained: The amount of time spent fixating in each hemifield and the direction of the initial search saccade. Although an upper-field bias in initial saccade direction was found, an analysis of saccade versus no-saccade trials revealed that oculomotor biases per se account for only part of the upper-right search performance advantage. Rather, the greater tendency to resort to an inefficient eye-movement strategy in searching for targets in those visual field regions in which search performance is poorest accounts for most of the anisotrophy in search performance across the visual field. RP Previc, FH (reprint author), ARMSTRONG LAB,CFTF,CREW TECHNOL DIV,FLIGHT MOT EFFECTS BRANCH,2504 GILLINGHAM DR STE 1,BROOKS AFB,TX 78235, USA. NR 27 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 2 U2 3 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND BN3 2FA SN 1350-6285 J9 VIS COGN JI Vis. Cogn. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 3 IS 3 BP 277 EP 301 DI 10.1080/713756738 PG 25 WC Psychology, Experimental SC Psychology GA VR745 UT WOS:A1996VR74500004 ER PT J AU Newell, TC Kovanis, V Gavrielides, A AF Newell, TC Kovanis, V Gavrielides, A TI Experimental demonstration of antimonotonicity: The concurrent creation and destruction of periodic orbits in a driven nonlinear electronic resonator SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DOUBLING CASCADES; CHAOTIC BEHAVIOR; OSCILLATOR; LASER; ANNIHILATION; DYNAMICS; SYSTEMS AB We have experimentally demonstrated antimonotonicity, the concurrent creation and destruction of periodic orbits in a driven nonlinear electronic resonator. A manifestation of antimonotonicity in one-dimensional systems is the formation of dimples in high iterate return maps. Our maps computed from 16-bit resolution time domain data unequivocally exhibit the formation of such dimples. RP Newell, TC (reprint author), USAF,PHILLIPS LAB,NONLINEAR OPT CTR,3550 ABERDEEN AVE SE,KIRTLAND AFB,NM 87117, USA. NR 22 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 26 PY 1996 VL 77 IS 9 BP 1747 EP 1750 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.1747 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA VD430 UT WOS:A1996VD43000022 ER PT J AU Wang, ZQ Pachter, R AF Wang, ZQ Pachter, R TI Prediction of biopolymer structures by global optimization. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 MLPJ,WRIGHT LAB,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 25 PY 1996 VL 212 BP 50 EP COMP PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA VA915 UT WOS:A1996VA91501436 ER PT J AU Gehringer, JM AF Gehringer, JM TI Comparison of normal phase spe sorbents for extraction of polar heteroatomic compounds from fuel. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USAF,WRIGHT LAB,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45431. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 25 PY 1996 VL 212 BP 68 EP ANYL PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA VA915 UT WOS:A1996VA91500313 ER PT J AU Pachter, R Fairchild, SB Lupo, JA AF Pachter, R Fairchild, SB Lupo, JA TI A computational approach for biomolecular structure determination at a low resolution. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USAF,WRIGHT LAB,MLPJ,MAT DIRECTORATE,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 25 PY 1996 VL 212 BP 72 EP COMP PN 1 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA VA915 UT WOS:A1996VA91501458 ER PT J AU Natarajan, LV Haaga, R Schulte, M Bunning, TJ Clarson, SJ Cooper, TM AF Natarajan, LV Haaga, R Schulte, M Bunning, TJ Clarson, SJ Cooper, TM TI Synthesis and characterization of liquid crystalline difunctional alkenyl monomers SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 SCI APPLICAT INT CORP,DAYTON,OH 45431. WRIGHT STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,DAYTON,OH 45433. UNIV CINCINNATI,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,CINCINNATI,OH 45210. USAF,WRIGHT LAB,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 25 PY 1996 VL 212 BP 102 EP POLY PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA VB009 UT WOS:A1996VB00900955 ER PT J AU Venkatasubramanian, N Dean, D Arnold, FE AF Venkatasubramanian, N Dean, D Arnold, FE TI Poly(arylene ethers) containing sulfonic acid pendent groups: Synthesis, properties and potential applications SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 SYSTRAN CORP,DAYTON,OH 45432. USAF,WRIGHT LAB,POLYMER BRANCH,MAT DIRECTORATE,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 25 PY 1996 VL 212 BP 134 EP POLY PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA VB009 UT WOS:A1996VB00900987 ER PT J AU Brott, LL Clarson, SJ Reinhardt, BA AF Brott, LL Clarson, SJ Reinhardt, BA TI Synthesis of a family of novel heterocyclic nonlinear optical materials SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CINCINNATI,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,CINCINNATI,OH 45221. USAF,WRIGHT LAB,POLYMER BRANCH,MAT DIRECTORATE,MLBP,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 25 PY 1996 VL 212 BP 176 EP PMSE PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA VB009 UT WOS:A1996VB00901455 ER PT J AU Gates, GH Pachter, R Merkle, LD Kaiser, CE Lamont, GB AF Gates, GH Pachter, R Merkle, LD Kaiser, CE Lamont, GB TI Polypeptide energy minimization using hybrid genetic algorithms (GA) and Monte-Carlo with minimization (MCM). SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WRIGHT LAB,MLPJ,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. USAF,INST TECHNOL,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 25 PY 1996 VL 212 BP 181 EP COMP PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA VA915 UT WOS:A1996VA91501566 ER PT J AU Kaiser, CE Merkle, LD Lamont, GB Gates, GH Pachter, R AF Kaiser, CE Merkle, LD Lamont, GB Gates, GH Pachter, R TI Exploiting domain knowledge in genetic algorithms for polypeptide structure prediction. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USAF,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. WRIGHT LAB,MLPJ,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 25 PY 1996 VL 212 BP 183 EP COMP PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA VA915 UT WOS:A1996VA91501568 ER PT J AU Berry, RJ Schwartz, M Marshall, P AF Berry, RJ Schwartz, M Marshall, P TI Ab initio calculations and kinetic modeling. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WRIGHT LAB,MLBT,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. UNIV N TEXAS,DENTON,TX 76203. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 25 PY 1996 VL 212 BP 196 EP COMP PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA VA915 UT WOS:A1996VA91501581 ER PT J AU Patnaik, SS Lupo, JA Pachter, R AF Patnaik, SS Lupo, JA Pachter, R TI Atomistic modeling of nematic liquid crystals: A study of structure property relationships SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USAF,WRIGHT LAB,MAT DIRECTORATE,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 25 PY 1996 VL 212 BP 239 EP COMP PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA VA915 UT WOS:A1996VA91501624 ER PT J AU Natarajan, LV Sowards, LA Spangler, CW Liu, PK He, MQ Cooper, TM AF Natarajan, LV Sowards, LA Spangler, CW Liu, PK He, MQ Cooper, TM TI Spectroscopy of alpha,omega-dithienyl polyenes SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 SCI APPLICAT INT CORP,DAYTON,OH 45431. WRIGHT STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,DAYTON,OH 45433. USAF,WRIGHT LAB,MAT DIRECTORATE,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. NO ILLINOIS UNIV,DEPT CHEM,DE KALB,IL 60115. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 25 PY 1996 VL 212 BP 365 EP ORGN PN 2 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA VB009 UT WOS:A1996VB00900364 ER PT J AU Bliznyuk, VN Visser, DW Tsukruk, VV Campbell, AL Bunning, T Adams, WW AF Bliznyuk, VN Visser, DW Tsukruk, VV Campbell, AL Bunning, T Adams, WW TI Electrostatic self assembly of monolayers of polyionic materials as observed by atomic force microscopy. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UKRAINIAN ACAD SCI,INST SEMICOND PHYS,KIEV 252650,UKRAINE. WESTERN MICHIGAN UNIV,COLL ENGN & APPL SCI,KALAMAZOO,MI 49008. WRIGHT LAB,MLPJ,MAT DIRECTORATE,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 25 PY 1996 VL 212 BP 376 EP POLY PN 2 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA VB009 UT WOS:A1996VB00901225 ER PT J AU Gardner, PJ Roggemann, MC Welsh, BM Bowersox, RD Luke, TE AF Gardner, PJ Roggemann, MC Welsh, BM Bowersox, RD Luke, TE TI Statistical anisotropy in free turbulence for mixing layers at high Reynolds numbers SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article DE aero-optics; autocorrelation function; free shear layers; free turbulence; mixing layers; shearing interferometer; Strehl ratio; structure function; wave-front sensor AB A lateral shearing interferometer was used to measure the slope of perturbed wave fronts after propagating through free turbulent mixing layers. Shearing interferometers provide a two-dimensional flow visualization that is nonintrusive. Slope measurements were used to reconstruct the phase of the turbulence-corrupted wave front. The random phase fluctuations induced by the mixing layer were captured in a large ensemble of wave-front measurements. Experiments were performed on an unbounded, plane shear mixing layer of helium and nitrogen gas at fixed velocities and high Reynolds numbers for six locations in the flow development. Statistical autocorrelation functions and structure functions were computed on the reconstructed phase maps. The autocorrelation function results indicated that the turbulence-induced phase fluctuations were not wide-sense stationary. The structure functions exhibited statistical homogeneity, indicating that the phase fluctuations were stationary in first increments. However, the turbulence-corrupted phase was not isotropic. A five-thirds power law is shown to fit orthogonal slices of the structure function, analogous to the Kolmogorov model for isotropic turbulence. Strehl ratios were computed from the phase structure functions and compared with classical estimates that assume isotropy. The isotropic models are shown to overestimate the optical degradation by nearly 3 orders of magnitude compared with the structure function calculations. (C) 1996 Optical Society of America C1 USAF,INST TECHNOL,GRAD SCH ENGN,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. USAF,INST TECHNOL,GRAD SCH ENGN,DEPT AERONAUT & ASTRONAUT,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. RP Gardner, PJ (reprint author), USAF,INST TECHNOL,GRAD SCH ENGN,DEPT ENGN PHYS,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. NR 30 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-6935 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD AUG 20 PY 1996 VL 35 IS 24 BP 4879 EP 4889 DI 10.1364/AO.35.004879 PG 11 WC Optics SC Optics GA VC320 UT WOS:A1996VC32000027 PM 21102914 ER PT J AU Jiang, H Su, W Caracci, S Bunning, TJ Cooper, T Adams, WW AF Jiang, H Su, W Caracci, S Bunning, TJ Cooper, T Adams, WW TI Optical waveguiding and morphology of chitosan thin films SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID WAVE-GUIDES AB An investigation was made of the optical and waveguiding properties of thin Alms fabricated from solutions of chitosan-acetic acid (chitosan/HAc) and chitosan/HAc doped with rare-earth metal ions (Er+++ or Nd+++). For all three films, the refractive indices were approximately 1.5 and there was nearly no absorption in the range of 300 to 2700 nm. The optical loss in a waveguides was less than 0.5 dB/cm. Morphological observations disclosed that all the films possessed a dense and homogeneous amorphous structure with smooth surfaces. Extrinsic scattering, especially the scattering caused by surface impurities, was the dominating factor affecting the optical loss value. It is also interesting to note that for all the films, doped with rare-earth metal ions or not, the morphological characteristics were alike and the optical properties were similar. Doping rare-earth metal ions into chitosan thin films did not seriously influence optical waveguiding. This paper reports, we believe, the first study of chitosan films for optical applications. The experimental results demonstrate that chitosan and its derivatives are potential candidates for optical materials. (C) 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 WRIGHT LAB, MAT DIRECTORATE, WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB, OH 45433 USA. SCI APPLICAT INT CORP, DAYTON, OH 45431 USA. RP Jiang, H (reprint author), LAWRENCE ASSOCIATES INC, OGDEN PROF SERV, 5100 SPRINGFIELD PIKE, SUITE 509, DAYTON, OH 45431 USA. RI Adams, Wade/A-7305-2010 NR 23 TC 60 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0021-8995 J9 J APPL POLYM SCI JI J. Appl. Polym. Sci. PD AUG 15 PY 1996 VL 61 IS 7 BP 1163 EP 1171 PG 9 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA UY002 UT WOS:A1996UY00200013 ER PT J AU Evans, DJ Broderick, TF Woodhouse, JB Hoenigman, JR AF Evans, DJ Broderick, TF Woodhouse, JB Hoenigman, JR TI The role of intermetallic precipitates in Ti-62222S SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium on Metallurgy and Technology of Titanium Alloys CY SEP 25-28, 1995 CL TOKYO, JAPAN DE Ti-62222S; silicides; Ti3Al; intermetallic precipitates AB Samples of Ti-62222-0.23wt.%Si were heat treated and aged at temperatures ranging from 1150 degrees F to 1500 degrees F with the view of effecting selective precipitation of alpha(2) precipitates and silicides (i.e. TixZr5-xSi3). The effect of these intermetallic precipitates on the mechanical properties and fracture morphology was assessed via three separate microstructural conditions: Ti-62222S with alpha(2) precipitates, Ti-62222S with alpha(2) and silicide precipitates, and Ti-62222S with silicide precipitates. Both types of intermetallic precipitate appear to lower the fracture toughness, however alpha(2) promotes intergranular fracture while silicides lead to transgranular failure and dimpling. The combined presence of the alpha(2) and silicides leads to mixed mode failure. Further, since alpha(2) is present in the alpha phase and silicides precipitate out in the beta phase, it appears that the effect of each of these intermetallics in Ti-62222S is additive rather than synergistic. C1 UES INC,DAYTON,OH. UNIV DAYTON,RES INST,DAYTON,OH 45469. RP Evans, DJ (reprint author), USAF,WRIGHT LAB,MAT DIRECTORATE,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. NR 9 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD AUG 15 PY 1996 VL 213 IS 1-2 BP 37 EP 44 DI 10.1016/0921-5093(96)10231-8 PG 8 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA VG745 UT WOS:A1996VG74500007 ER PT J AU Haaland, P Garscadden, A Ganguly, B AF Haaland, P Garscadden, A Ganguly, B TI Ionic and neutral growth of dust in plasmas SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB Microscopic dust particles may be formed by accretion of neutral or positively charged precursors in laboratory plasmas. When the concentration of neutral precursors is large, as when a mixture of He and CO is discharged, the radius of grains increases linearly with time and ex situ electron microscopy shows polydisperse particle sizes. By contrast, when the particle acquires multiple negative charges to satisfy the floating potential and the grain size is less than the plasma's linearized Debye length, ionic growth increases the radii of the particles as t(1/3). Monodisperse particle size distributions consistent with ionic growth kinetics are observed in low pressure He plasmas excited by graphite electrodes. C1 WRIGHT LAB,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. NR 11 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD AUG 12 PY 1996 VL 69 IS 7 BP 904 EP 906 DI 10.1063/1.116938 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA VB474 UT WOS:A1996VB47400013 ER PT J AU Redwing, JM Tischler, MA Flynn, JS Elhamri, S Ahoujja, M Newrock, RS Mitchel, WC AF Redwing, JM Tischler, MA Flynn, JS Elhamri, S Ahoujja, M Newrock, RS Mitchel, WC TI Two-dimensional electron gas properties of AlGaN/GaN heterostructures grown on 6H-SiC and sapphire substrates SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; TRANSISTOR AB High quality Al0.15Ga0.85N/GaN heterostructures have been fabricated on 6H-SiC and sapphire substrates by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy (MOVPE). A temperature independent mobility, indicative of the presence of a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG), was observed in all samples below 80 K, The highest low temperature 2DEG mobility, 7500 cm(2)/V s, was measured in AlGaN/ GaN grown on 6H-SiC; the sheet carrier density was 6 x 10(12) cm(-2). Strong, well resolved, Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations were observed in fields as low as 3 T and persisted to temperatures as high as 15 K. Hall effect measurements also revealed the presence of well-defined plateaus in the Hall resistance. The high quality 2DEG properties of the AlGaN/GaN heterostructures grown on 6H-SiC are attributed to the absence of significant parallel conduction paths in the material. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 UNIV CINCINNATI,DEPT PHYS,CINCINNATI,OH 45221. WRIGHT LAB,MLPO,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. RP Redwing, JM (reprint author), ADV TECHNOL MAT INC,7 COMMERCE DR,DANBURY,CT 06810, USA. NR 8 TC 100 Z9 102 U1 3 U2 21 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD AUG 12 PY 1996 VL 69 IS 7 BP 963 EP 965 DI 10.1063/1.117096 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA VB474 UT WOS:A1996VB47400033 ER PT J AU DeRosa, ME Adams, WW Bunning, TJ Shi, HQ Chen, SW AF DeRosa, ME Adams, WW Bunning, TJ Shi, HQ Chen, SW TI Dynamic mechanical relaxation behavior of low molecular weight side-chain cyclic liquid crystalline compounds near the glass transition temperature SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID POLYMERS; SILOXANE; MOIETY; COPOLYMERS; MELTS AB In this paper, we report the mechanical relaxation behavior of low molecular weight glass-forming side-chain liquid crystalline compounds with cyclic cores and their linear polymeric analogues near the glass transition temperature. We examined two systems: one based on cyclic and linear siloxane backbones and one based on cyclic (cyclohexane) and linear aliphatic backbones. Dynamic mechanical spectroscopy is used to measure the dynamic shear moduli and the complex viscosity near but above T-g. The temperature dependence of the zero-shear viscosity of the cyclic compounds is well described by the Vogel-Tammann-Fulcher (VTF) equation, The strong temperature dependence of the viscosity along with the values of the fitted parameters of the VTF equation shows that the cyclic LC compounds are ''fragile'' liquids. All cyclic LC compounds, regardless of chemical structure, show identical relaxation behavior when viscosity is plotted versus normalized temperature (T-g/T), where T-g is the temperature obtained calorimetrically at a heating rate of 10 K/min. All cyclic compounds show lower viscosity than their linear analogues when plotted versus T-g/T. The difference in viscosity between the cyclic and linear siloxane compounds is much more pronounced than the difference observed in the aliphatic compounds. For the cyclic compounds, master curves of G' and G '' can be described by a single Maxwell mode. The linear compounds exhibit much broader mechanical spectra, suggesting a more complex relaxation phenomenon is taking place. Our results show that, while there is little difference in relaxation behavior among low molecular weight cyclic liquid crystalline compounds, the behavior of the linear polymeric systems is quite different. C1 SCI APPLICAT INT CORP,DAYTON,OH 45431. ROCHESTER INST TECHNOL,CTR OPTOELECTR & IMAGING,ROCHESTER,NY 14623. RP DeRosa, ME (reprint author), WRIGHT LAB,MAT DIRECTORATE,MLPJ,3005 P ST,SUITE 1,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. RI Adams, Wade/A-7305-2010 NR 31 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD AUG 12 PY 1996 VL 29 IS 17 BP 5650 EP 5657 DI 10.1021/ma951773o PG 8 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA VC269 UT WOS:A1996VC26900020 ER PT J AU Wang, PC Jeng, SM Yang, JM Russ, SM AF Wang, PC Jeng, SM Yang, JM Russ, SM TI Fatigue damage evolution and property degradation of a SCS-6/Ti-22Al-23Nb ''orthorhombic'' titanium aluminide composite SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article ID FIBER COMPOSITES; CRACK-GROWTH; MATRIX AB The fatigue damage evolution and property degradation of a SCS-6/Ti-22Al-23Nb orthorhombic titanium aluminide composite under low cycle fatigue loading at room temperature was investigated. The fatigue test was conducted under a load-controlled mode with a load ratio (R) of 0.1, a frequency of 10 Hz, and a maximum applied stress ranging from 600 to 945 MPa. The stiffness reduction as well as the evolution of microstructural damage which includes matrix crack length, matrix crack density and interfacial debonding length as a function of fatigue cycles, and applied stresses were measured. An analytical model and a computer simulation were also developed to predict the residual stiffness and the post-fatigued tensile strength as a function of microstructural damage. Finally, a steady-state crack growth model proposed by Marshall et al., was used to predict the interfacial frictional stress and the critical crack length. Correlation between the theoretical predictions and experimental results were also discussed. Copyright (C) 1996 Acta Metallurgica Inc. C1 WRIGHT LAB,MAT DIRECTORATE,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. RP Wang, PC (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024, USA. NR 29 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 44 IS 8 BP 3141 EP 3156 DI 10.1016/1359-6454(95)00418-1 PG 16 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA UY539 UT WOS:A1996UY53900011 ER PT J AU Hon, J Plummer, DN Crowell, PG Erkkila, J Hager, GD Helms, C Truesdell, K AF Hon, J Plummer, DN Crowell, PG Erkkila, J Hager, GD Helms, C Truesdell, K TI Heuristic method for evaluating coil performance SO AIAA JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB A heuristic methodology is described that was developed to evaluate the chemical efficiency of high-power chemical oxygen iodine laser (COIL) devices and its application to the specific evaluation of the U.S. Air Force Phillips Laboratory's RotoCOIL laser.;A heuristic equation that forms the basis of this methodology and describes the COIL energy flow energy losses, and power extraction using measured data, code results, and empirical relations is presented. Using this equation and bounding values for some of its terms, it is shown that for the RotoCOIL performance data the experimentally measured average O-2((1) Delta) yield of 0.40 is nearly 38% below that which would be consistent with the measured extraction power. By relating terms of the heuristic equation to performance of individual components of the COIL system, it is concluded that nearly 50% of the efficiency loss for the RotoCOIL laser derives from oxygen generator and delivery losses, whereas 15% is from nozzle inefficiencies and 11% from resonator losses. C1 LOGICON RDA,SYST TECHNOL OPERAT,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87119. USAF,PHILLIPS LAB,APPL LASER TECHNOL BRANCH,LASERS & IMAGING DIRECTORATE,KIRTLAND AFB,NM 87117. RP Hon, J (reprint author), ROCKWELL INT CORP,DIV ROCKETDYNE,ADV PROGRAMS,CANOGA PK,CA 91304, USA. NR 17 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0001-1452 J9 AIAA J JI AIAA J. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 34 IS 8 BP 1595 EP 1603 DI 10.2514/3.13277 PG 9 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA VA285 UT WOS:A1996VA28500008 ER PT J AU Rothenflue, JA King, PI AF Rothenflue, JA King, PI TI Three-dimensional velocity measurements within Gortler vortices SO AIAA JOURNAL LA English DT Article C1 USAF,INST TECHNOL,DEPT AERONAUT & ASTRONAUT,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0001-1452 J9 AIAA J JI AIAA J. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 34 IS 8 BP 1736 EP 1739 DI 10.2514/3.13297 PG 4 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA VA285 UT WOS:A1996VA28500028 ER PT J AU Beerle, BJ Arriaga, M AF Beerle, BJ Arriaga, M TI Myringotomy tube placement - Another role for EMLA(R) cream? SO ANESTHESIA AND ANALGESIA LA English DT Letter RP Beerle, BJ (reprint author), WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236, USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0003-2999 J9 ANESTH ANALG JI Anesth. Analg. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 83 IS 2 BP 435 EP 435 PG 1 WC Anesthesiology SC Anesthesiology GA UZ991 UT WOS:A1996UZ99100047 PM 8694340 ER PT J AU Suhre, DR Theodore, JG AF Suhre, DR Theodore, JG TI White-light imaging by use of a multiple passband acousto-optic tunable filter SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID SPECTROMETER; RESOLUTION; OPERATION; DESIGN AB White-light imaging was accomplished by operation of a TeO2 acousto-optic tunable filter (AOTF) with 40 simultaneous overlapping passbands from 400 to 700 nm. The AOTF was chromatically compensated by a wedge applied to the output surface of the AOTF, and the measured spatial resolution correlated well with predictions. Switching off specific rf's applied to the AOTF produced optical rejection corresponding to the inactive passbands. A rejection ratio of 30 dB was demonstrated, and the rejection level was found to be controlled by leakage through the sidelobes of adjacent passbands. (C) 1996 Optical Society of America C1 USAF, WRIGHT LAB, WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Suhre, DR (reprint author), WESTINGHOUSE SCI & TECHNOL CTR, PITTSBURGH, PA 15235 USA. NR 29 TC 38 Z9 48 U1 2 U2 4 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-6935 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD AUG 1 PY 1996 VL 35 IS 22 BP 4494 EP 4501 DI 10.1364/AO.35.004494 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA VA289 UT WOS:A1996VA28900025 PM 21102865 ER PT J AU Meffert, JJ Rush, WL Kennard, CD AF Meffert, JJ Rush, WL Kennard, CD TI Vesicular eruption on the scalp SO ARCHIVES OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GLABRATA; AGENTS RP Meffert, JJ (reprint author), WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236, USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0003-987X J9 ARCH DERMATOL JI Arch. Dermatol. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 132 IS 8 BP 963 EP & PG 2 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA VB378 UT WOS:A1996VB37800015 PM 8712849 ER PT J AU Johnson, M Meier, P AF Johnson, M Meier, P TI A Palmer chancre and multiple proximal erythematous nodules - Nodular lymphangitis due to Nocardia brasiliensis SO ARCHIVES OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article RP Johnson, M (reprint author), WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0003-987X J9 ARCH DERMATOL JI Arch. Dermatol. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 132 IS 8 BP 964 EP & DI 10.1001/archderm.132.8.964 PG 2 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA VB378 UT WOS:A1996VB37800017 PM 8712850 ER PT J AU Wetterer, CJ McGraw, JT Hess, TR Grashuis, R AF Wetterer, CJ McGraw, JT Hess, TR Grashuis, R TI RR Lyrae variable stars in the CCD/Transit Instrument survey SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID ABSOLUTE MAGNITUDES AB We searched the CCD/Transit Instrument (CTI) survey databases for RR Lyrae variable stars. The CTI images a strip of the sky with a narrow spread of declination over all right ascensions. The resulting survey area covers a large range of both Galactic latitude and longitude, amounting to approximately 50 deg(2). We detected a total of 42 RR Lyrae stars to a faint limiting magnitude of V = 19. Thirty-four of these RR Lyrae stars are newly discovered. (C) 1996 American Astronomical Society. C1 UNIV NEW MEXICO, INST ASTROPHYS, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87116 USA. RP Wetterer, CJ (reprint author), USAF ACAD, DEPT PHYS, COLORADO SPRINGS, CO 80840 USA. NR 27 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 112 IS 2 BP 742 EP 750 DI 10.1086/118049 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA UZ553 UT WOS:A1996UZ55300032 ER PT J AU Ivan, DJ Tredici, TJ PerezBecerra, J Dennis, R Burroughs, JR Taboada, J AF Ivan, DJ Tredici, TJ PerezBecerra, J Dennis, R Burroughs, JR Taboada, J TI Photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) in the military aviator: An aeromedical perspective SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID EXCIMER-LASER; CORNEAL ENDOTHELIUM; RADIAL KERATOTOMY; SIGHTED EYES; FOLLOW-UP; MYOPIA; RUPTURE; SURGERY; RABBITS AB Refractive surgery to visually rehabilitate refractive errors of the eye continues to evolve at a significant pace and is here to stay. The surgical manipulation of the cornea by carefully planned incisions, as in radial keratotomy, represented the first procedure to evolve for the correction of ametropia and is an area of continued active development and improvement. However, many concerns mitigate against this procedure in the aeromedical arena. More recently, photorefractive keratectomy using laser technology to ablate and recontour the corneal surface has emerged as a viable modality. This paper explores the aeromedical factors surrounding this new revolutionary procedure and discusses the issues relevant to evaluating its applicability to the modern military aviator as well as reviewing results of the latest clinical trials currently in progress. The goal is to provide the aeromedical community with the fundamental information required to formulate aeromedical decisions and policy-making in regard to a new procedure that is certain to have tremendous impact on the selection of future aircrew candidates. C1 ARMSTRONG LAB,DIV CLIN SCI,BROOKS AFB,TX. NR 44 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 67 IS 8 BP 770 EP 776 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA VB434 UT WOS:A1996VB43400007 PM 8853835 ER PT J AU Knapp, CJ Johnson, R AF Knapp, CJ Johnson, R TI F-16 class a mishaps in the US Air Force, 1975-93 SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID SPATIAL DISORIENTATION; FLIGHT EXPERIENCE; AIRCRAFT MISHAPS; NAVAL AVIATION; INCIDENTS; ACCIDENTS; COMMUTER; CRASHES AB All USAF F-16 fighter Class A (major) aircraft mishaps from 1975-93 were analyzed, using records from the U.S. Air Force Safety Agency (AFSA). There were 190 Class A mishaps involving 204 F-16's and 217 aircrew during this 19-yr period. The overall Class A rate was 5.09 per 100,000 flight hours, more than double the overall USAF rate. The mishaps are categorized by year, month, time of day and model of aircraft in relation to mishap causes as determined and reported by AFSA. Formation position, phase of flight and primary cause of the mishap indicate that maneuvering, cruise and low-level phases account for the majority of the mishaps (71%), with air-to-air engagements associated with a higher proportion of pilot error (71%) than was air-to-ground (49%). Engine failure was the number one cause of mishaps (35%), and collision with the ground the next most frequent (24%). Pilot error was determined as causative in 55% of all the mishaps. Pilot error was often associated with other non-pilot related causes. Channelized attention, loss of situational awareness, and spatial disorientation accounted for approximately 30% of the total pilot error causes found. Pilot demographics, flight hour/sortie profiles, and aircrew injuries are also listed. Fatalities occurred in 27% of the mishaps, with 97% of those involving pilot errors. C1 ARMSTRONG LAB,DIV CLIN SCI,BROOKS AFB,TX. RP Knapp, CJ (reprint author), USAF,SCH AEROSP MED,2513 KENNEDY CIRCLE,BROOKS AFB,TX 78235, USA. NR 22 TC 18 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 2 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 67 IS 8 BP 777 EP 783 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA VB434 UT WOS:A1996VB43400008 PM 8853836 ER PT J AU Wham, B Palazotto, AN AF Wham, B Palazotto, AN TI An investigation of graphite PEEK composite under compression with a centrally located circular discontinuity SO COMPOSITE STRUCTURES LA English DT Article AB The failure characteristic of graphite polyetheretherketone (Gr/PEEK) under compression with a centrally located circular discontinuity was investigated through experimentation and a nonlinear ply-by-ply finite element technique. The stacking sequence of the laminates investigated were: [0 degrees(16)], [90 degrees(16)], [+/- 45 degrees](4s), and [0 degrees/+/-45 degrees/90 degrees](2s). In the experimentation, [90 degrees](16), [0 degrees/90 degrees](4s), and [0 degrees/+/- 45 degrees/90 degrees](2s) laminates, as well as three of the [0 degrees](16), failed due to a crack that was normal to the loading direction and initiated from the edge of the hole progressing to the outer edges of the specimen. The [+/-45 degrees](4s) specimens failed to support the load due to an internal crack that originated from the hole's edge and then traveled at an angle of about 42% to the direction of loading. The finite element method used to analytically model the failure of Gr/PEEK accurately modeled the response of the specimens tested experimentally. C1 USAF,INST TECHNOL,DEPT AERONAUT & ASTRONAUT,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0263-8223 J9 COMPOS STRUCT JI Compos. Struct. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 35 IS 4 BP 375 EP 386 DI 10.1016/S0263-8223(96)00046-3 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA WK665 UT WOS:A1996WK66500005 ER PT J AU Roberts, AL Totten, LA Arnold, WA Burris, DR Campbell, TJ AF Roberts, AL Totten, LA Arnold, WA Burris, DR Campbell, TJ TI Reductive elimination of chlorinated ethylenes by zero valent metals SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CARBON-TETRACHLORIDE; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; MICROSOMAL CYTOCHROME-P-450; IRON; DECHLORINATION; DEHALOGENATION; DEGRADATION; WATER; TETRACHLOROETHYLENE; TRANSFORMATION C1 ARMSTRONG LAB,EQC,TYNDALL AFB,FL 32403. APPL RES ASSOCIATES INC,TYNDALL AFB,FL 32403. RP Roberts, AL (reprint author), JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,DEPT GEOG & ENVIRONM ENGN,313 AMES HALL,3400 N CHARLES ST,BALTIMORE,MD 21218, USA. RI Roberts, A. Lynn/A-3295-2010; Rodenburg, Lisa/L-6882-2015; OI Rodenburg, Lisa/0000-0002-6828-173X; Arnold, William/0000-0003-0814-5469 NR 76 TC 333 Z9 356 U1 6 U2 51 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 30 IS 8 BP 2654 EP 2659 DI 10.1021/es9509644 PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA VA637 UT WOS:A1996VA63700059 ER PT J AU Cain, CP DiCarlo, CD Rockwell, BA Kennedy, PK Noojin, GD Stolarski, DJ Hammer, DX Toth, CA Roach, WP AF Cain, CP DiCarlo, CD Rockwell, BA Kennedy, PK Noojin, GD Stolarski, DJ Hammer, DX Toth, CA Roach, WP TI Retinal damage and laser-induced breakdown produced by ultrashort-pulse lasers SO GRAEFES ARCHIVE FOR CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL OPHTHALMOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FIRST-ORDER MODEL; NONLINEAR REFRACTION; AQUEOUS-MEDIA; THRESHOLDS; PICOSECOND; MECHANISMS; COMPUTATION; RADIATION; LESIONS; WATER AB Background: In vivo retinal injury studies using ultrashort-pulse lasers at visible wavelengths for both rabbit and primate eyes have shown that the degree of injury to the retina is not proportional to the pulse energy, especially at suprathreshold levels. In this paper we present results of calculations and measurements for laser-induced breakdown (LIE), bubble generation, and self-focusing within the eye. Methods: We recorded on video and measured the first in vivo LIB and bubble generation thresholds within the vitreous in rabbit and primate eyes, using external optics and femtosecond pulses. These thresholds were then compared with calculations from our LIE model, and calculations were made for self-focusing effects within the vitreous for the high peak power pulses. Results: Results of our nonlinear modeling and calculations for self-focusing and LIE within the eye were compared with experimental results. The LIE ED,, bubble threshold for the monkey eye was measured and found to be 0.56 mu J at 120 fs, compared with the minimum visible lesion (MVL) threshold of 0.43 mu J at 90 fs. Self-focusing effects were found to be possible for pulsewidths below 1 ps and are probably a contributing factor in femtosecond-pulse LIE in the eye. Conclusions: Based on our measurements for the MVL thresholds and LIB bubble generation thresholds in the monkey eye, we conclude that in the femtosecond pulsewidth regime for visible laser pulses, LIB and self-focusing are contributing factors in the lesion thresholds measured. Our results may also explain why it is so difficult to produce hemorrhagic lesions in either the rabbit or primate eye with visible 100-fs laser pulses even at 100 mu J of energy. C1 UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,LAB ANIM MED DEPT,BETHESDA,MD 20814. ARMSTRONG LAB,OPT RADIAT DIV,BROOKS AFB,TX 78235. DUKE UNIV,CTR EYE,DURHAM,NC 27710. USAF,OFF SCI RES,DIRECTORATE CHEM & LIFE SCI,WASHINGTON,DC 20332. RP Cain, CP (reprint author), TASC,750 E MULBERRY,SUITE 302,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78212, USA. RI toth, cynthia/F-5614-2011 NR 43 TC 29 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0721-832X J9 GRAEF ARCH CLIN EXP JI Graefes Arch. Clin. Exp. Ophthalmol. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 234 SU 1 BP S28 EP S37 DI 10.1007/BF02343045 PG 10 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA VC838 UT WOS:A1996VC83800007 PM 8871147 ER PT J AU Bloss, JD AF Bloss, JD TI Untitled - Reply SO GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY LA English DT Letter RP Bloss, JD (reprint author), WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0090-8258 J9 GYNECOL ONCOL JI Gynecol. Oncol. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 62 IS 2 BP 322 EP 322 DI 10.1006/gyno.1996.0239 PG 1 WC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology GA VD603 UT WOS:A1996VD60300036 ER PT J AU Altshuler, EE AF Altshuler, EE TI Hemispherical coverage using a double-folded monopole SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION LA English DT Article AB A traveling-wave distribution of current can be produced on a monopole over a ground plane by inserting a resistance of suitable magnitude one-quarter wave length from its end, It has been shown that the resistor can be replaced with a modified folded dipole which has a radiation resistance approximately equal to that of the resistor, Furthermore, it was found that when the folded element was about 0.1 lambda above the ground plane, near hemispherical coverage was obtained in the plane of the element, In this paper, the resistor is replaced with orthogonal folded elements, The main objective is to obtain an antenna which is circularly polarized and which has near hemispherical coverage, Input impedance, current distribution, and radiation patterns of this antenna were computed using the numerical electromagnetics code (NEC); radiation patterns and input impedance were also measured, To produce a circularly polarized wave it is necessary to tilt the folded elements. After experimenting with a number of different configurations an antenna design having directional and polarization properties approaching those that were desired was obtained, All computations and measurements were conducted near 1.6 GHz a frequency close to that of the proposed IRIDIUM communications system and the L1 band of global positioning system (GPS), The double-folded monopole may prove to be a very low cost option as a ground antenna for these types of systems. RP Altshuler, EE (reprint author), USAF,ROME LAB,ELECTROMAGNET & RELIABIL DIRECTORATE,BEDFORD,MA 01731, USA. NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-926X J9 IEEE T ANTENN PROPAG JI IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 44 IS 8 BP 1112 EP 1119 DI 10.1109/8.511819 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA VB608 UT WOS:A1996VB60800008 ER PT J AU Frederickson, AR AF Frederickson, AR TI Upsets related to spacecraft charging (vol 43, pg 426, 1996) SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Correction, Addition RP Frederickson, AR (reprint author), USAF,PHILLIPS LAB,BEDFORD,MA 01731, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 43 IS 4 BP 2454 EP 2454 DI 10.1109/TNS.1996.531795 PN 2 PG 1 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA VD778 UT WOS:A1996VD77800015 ER PT J AU Zmuda, MA Tamburino, LA Rizki, MM AF Zmuda, MA Tamburino, LA Rizki, MM TI An evolutionary learning system for synthesizing complex morphological filters SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SYSTEMS MAN AND CYBERNETICS PART B-CYBERNETICS LA English DT Article ID DESIGN AB This paper describes a system based on evolutionary learning, called MORPH, that semi-automates the generation of morphological programs. MORPH maintains a population of morphological programs that is continually enhanced. The first phase of each learning cycle synthesizes morphological sequences that extract novel features which increase the population's diversity. The second phase combines these newly formed operator sequences into larger programs that are better than the individual programs. A stochastic selection process eliminates the poor performers, while the survivors serve as the basis of another learning cycle. Experimental results are presented for binary and grayscale target recognition problems. C1 USAF,WRIGHT LAB,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. WRIGHT STATE UNIV,DEPT COMP SCI & ENGN,DAYTON,OH 45435. RP Zmuda, MA (reprint author), SPECTRA RES,CENTERVILLE,OH 45459, USA. NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 1083-4419 J9 IEEE T SYST MAN CY B JI IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. Part B-Cybern. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 26 IS 4 BP 645 EP 653 DI 10.1109/3477.517040 PG 9 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Cybernetics SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science GA UY967 UT WOS:A1996UY96700014 PM 18263064 ER PT J AU Mooney, JM Shepherd, FD AF Mooney, JM Shepherd, FD TI Characterizing IR FPA nonuniformity and IR camera spatial noise SO INFRARED PHYSICS & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PERFORMANCE; ARRAYS AB In this paper we survey the methods used to characterize infrared focal plane array (IR FPA) nonuniformity and infrared camera spatial noise. Techniques are discussed which range from simple visual inspection of the video imagery to array characterization criteria which are computationally intensive. While the effect of spatially correlated noise patterns on sensor performance is impossible to quantify in a simple way, rather simple expressions can be used to obtain a representative assessment of sensor performance. We conclude that the temporal stability of the spatial noise pattern is most relevant to camera performance and that there is no simple parameter, such as D* , which can predict sensor performance when spatial noise is present in the imagery. We also conclude that spatial noise must be compensated an order of magnitude below temporal noise for artifact free imagery. RP Mooney, JM (reprint author), USAF,ROME LAB,BEDFORD,MA 01731, USA. NR 29 TC 23 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 1350-4495 J9 INFRARED PHYS TECHN JI Infrared Phys. Technol. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 37 IS 5 BP 595 EP 606 DI 10.1016/1350-4495(95)00133-6 PG 12 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics GA UR652 UT WOS:A1996UR65200003 ER PT J AU Meffert, JJ Kennard, CD Davis, TL Quinn, BD AF Meffert, JJ Kennard, CD Davis, TL Quinn, BD TI Intradermal nodular fasciitis presenting as an eyelid mass SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Background. Nodular fasciitis is a fibroblastic proliferation in which nodules, most commonly appearing on the extremities, develop suddenly and rapidly. Although excisional biopsy is curative, the nodules will often resolve spontaneously; however, the histologic appearance of a pleomorphic spindle cell neoplasm with frequent mitotic figures may raise concern of a more malignant neoplasm and lead to unnecessary and overly aggressive therapy. Methods. A case of nodular fasciitis presenting in an unusual location, intradermally at the lateral canthus, is discussed. Results. Review of the recent literature from other disciplines reveals new insights into the etiology and diagnostic options (fine needle aspiration, tomography, other imaging techniques) for this puzzling disease. Conclusions. When nodular fasciitis occurs in an unusual location, such as on the head and neck or at an intradermal location, it will not present as the deep, mobile, nontender nodule described in the dermatologic literature, Fine-needle aspiration and modern imaging techniques may help in the diagnosis and prevent unnecessary surgery for a self-limited condition. C1 WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,DEPT DERMATOL,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236. WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,DEPT PATHOL,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236. NR 36 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU DECKER PERIODICALS INC PI HAMILTON PA 4 HUGHSON STREET SOUTH PO BOX 620, LCD 1, HAMILTON ON L8N 3K7, CANADA SN 0011-9059 J9 INT J DERMATOL JI Int. J. Dermatol. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 35 IS 8 BP 548 EP 552 DI 10.1111/j.1365-4362.1996.tb03652.x PG 5 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA VA162 UT WOS:A1996VA16200004 PM 8854149 ER PT J AU Look, DC Stutz, CE Sizelove, JR Evans, KR AF Look, DC Stutz, CE Sizelove, JR Evans, KR TI Hall scattering factors for holes in GaAs SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MOBILITY AB Hall scattering factors for electrons and holes in molecular beam epitaxial GaAs layers have been determined by comparing carrier concentrations measured by the Hall effect with those measured by the electrochemical capacitance-voltage technique. The conclusion is that both the electron and hole scattering factors are near unity for n ranging from 2X10(16) to 7X10(17) cm(-3), and p ranging from 5x10(16) to 4X10(19) cm(-3). This conclusion is consistent with the present theory for electrons, but not with that for holes. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 WRIGHT LAB,ELDM,SOLID STATE ELECT DIRECTORATE,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. RP Look, DC (reprint author), WRIGHT STATE UNIV,UNIV RES CTR,DAYTON,OH 45435, USA. NR 14 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD AUG 1 PY 1996 VL 80 IS 3 BP 1913 EP 1915 DI 10.1063/1.363007 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA VA594 UT WOS:A1996VA59400099 ER PT J AU Steel, RP AF Steel, RP TI Labor market dimensions as predictors of the reenlistment decisions of military personnel SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID EMPLOYEE TURNOVER; LONGITUDINAL ANALYSIS; JOB-SATISFACTION; MODEL; OPPORTUNITIES; COMMITMENT; MOBLEY AB Labor market variables (e.g., unemployment statistics) and perceptual measures of employment opportunity (e.g., perceived occupational demand) were used to predict the reenlistment decisions of 402 U.S. Air Force enlistees. With logistic regression analysis, 3 significant predictors of reenlistment were isolated. A combination of perceptual and objective job availability measures provided the best prediction of the reenlistment criterion. RP Steel, RP (reprint author), USAF,INST TECHNOL,LAR,DEPT GRAD MANAGEMENT SYST,2950 P ST,BLDG 641,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. NR 32 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 SN 0021-9010 J9 J APPL PSYCHOL JI J. Appl. Psychol. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 81 IS 4 BP 421 EP 428 DI 10.1037/0021-9010.81.4.421 PG 8 WC Psychology, Applied; Management SC Psychology; Business & Economics GA VD783 UT WOS:A1996VD78300008 ER PT J AU Suen, WC Haigler, BE Spain, JC AF Suen, WC Haigler, BE Spain, JC TI Dinitrotoluene dioxygenase from Burkholderia sp strain DNT: Similarity to naphthalene dioxygenase SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MULTICOMPONENT ENZYME-SYSTEM; PSEUDOMONAS-PUTIDA F1; TOLUENE DIOXYGENASE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; CATABOLIC PATHWAY; GENES; OXIDATION; PURIFICATION; 1,2-DIOXYGENASE AB 2,4-Dinitrotoluene (DNT) dioxygenase from Burkholderia sp. strain DNT catalyzes the initial oxidation of DNT to form 4-methyl-5-nitrocatechol (NNC) and nitrite. The displacement of the aromatic nitro group by dioxygenases has only recently been described, and nothing is known about the evolutionary origin of the enzyme systems that catalyze these reactions. We have shown previously that the gene encoding DNT dioxygenase is localized on a degradative plasmid within a 6,8-kb NsiI DNA fragment (W.-C. Suen and J. C. Spain, J. Bacteriol, 175:1831-1837, 1993). We describe here the sequence analysts and the substrate range of the enzyme system encoded by this fragment. Five open reading frames were identified, four of which have a high degree of similarity (59 to 78% identity) to the components of naphthalene dioxygenase (NDO) from Pseudomonas strains. The conserved amino acid residues within NDO that are involved in cofactor binding were also identified in the gene encoding DNT dioxygenase. An Escherichia coli clone that expressed DNT dioxygenase converted DNT to MNC and also converted naphthalene to (+)-cis-(1R,2S)-dihydroxy-1,2-dihydronaphthalene. In contrast, the E. coli clone that expressed NDO did not oxidize DNT. Furthermore, the enzyme systems exhibit similar broad substrate specificities and can oxidize such compounds as indole, indan, indene, phenetole, and acenaphthene. These results suggest that DNT dioxygenase and the NDO enzyme system share a common ancestor. C1 AL,EQ OL,TYNDALL AFB,FL 32403. NR 47 TC 96 Z9 98 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 178 IS 16 BP 4926 EP 4934 PG 9 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA VB706 UT WOS:A1996VB70600023 PM 8759857 ER PT J AU Spencer, GA Wirebaugh, S Whitney, EJ AF Spencer, GA Wirebaugh, S Whitney, EJ TI Effect of a combination of gemfibrozil and niacin on lipid levels SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CORONARY HEART-DISEASE; DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; NICOTINIC-ACID; LOWERING THERAPY; CLOFIBRATE; PREVENTION; FRAMINGHAM; MORTALITY; MYOPATHY; SERUM AB To determine the effect of the combination of niacin and gemfibrozil on the lipid profile, a retrospective review was conducted of 161 patients who were prescribed a combination of gemfibrozil and niacin for 6 to 12 months at a community-based lipid clinic. Low density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, total cholesterol, triglycerides, ratio of total cholesterol to HDL, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and weight were measured at entry to the clinic, 2 months after dietary instruction, during single-agent therapy, and during combination therapy. Mean doses of niacin and gemfibrozil were 1,229 mg/day and 1,200 mg/day, respectively. Patient weight decreased significantly after dietary instruction and after institution of combination therapy. There were no significant changes in ALT levels with either single-agent therapy or with combination therapy. The combination of niacin and gemfibrozil produced marked and significant changes in lipid levels: total cholesterol and LDL decreased by 14%, HDL increased by 24%, the ratio of total cholesterol to HDL decreased by 30%, and triglycerides decreased by 52%. The combination of niacin and gemfibrozil in the setting of dietary instruction has a marked beneficial effect on serum lipid levels, and was most effective in patients with initial levels of HDL <40 mg/dL, triglycerides >250 mg/dL, and LDL >160 mg/dL. No episodes of ALT elevation or symptomatic myositis were seen. C1 WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,DEPT GEN INTERNAL MED,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236. WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,DEPT PHARMACOL,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236. WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,DEPT CARDIOL,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236. NR 28 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0091-2700 J9 J CLIN PHARMACOL JI J. Clin. Pharmacol. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 36 IS 8 BP 696 EP 700 PG 5 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA VE236 UT WOS:A1996VE23600004 PM 8877672 ER PT J AU Karam, NH Sudharsanan, R Parodos, T Dodd, MA AF Karam, NH Sudharsanan, R Parodos, T Dodd, MA TI Growth and characterization of InTiSb for IR-Detectors SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 US Workshop on the Physics and Chemistry of Mercury Cadmium Telluride and Other IR Materials CY OCT 10-12, 1995 CL BALTIMORE, MD DE III-V compounds; InTiSb; long wavelength infrared (LWIR) detectors; metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD); photoconductors ID INFRARED MATERIAL AB Epitaxial In1-xTlxSb films with compositions up to x = 0.1 have been demonstrated strated using the metalorganic chemical vapor deposition technique on InSb and GaAs substrates. A specially designed high-temperature source delivery system was used for the low vapor pressure cyclopentadienylthallium source. Tl-compositions in the deposited films were measured by Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy which confirmed the incorporation of up to 10% Tl. Room temperature infrared transmission spectra of InTlSb exhibited considerable absorption beyond 7 mu m. Photoconductive detectors were fabricated in InTlSb films grown on semi-insulating GaAs. Spectral response measurements showed substantial photoresponse at 8.5 to 14 mu m. In spite of the large lattice-mismatch (similar to 14%) between InTlSb and GaAs, photoconductive detectors exhibited black-body detectivities (D*(bb)) of 5.0 x 10(8) cm-Hz(1/2)W(-1) at 40K. C1 USAF,WRIGHT LAB,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. RP Karam, NH (reprint author), SPIRE CORP,1 PATRIOTS PK,BEDFORD,MA 01730, USA. NR 14 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 25 IS 8 BP 1209 EP 1214 DI 10.1007/BF02655010 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA VC702 UT WOS:A1996VC70200014 ER PT J AU Hatfield, K Burris, DR Wolfe, NL AF Hatfield, K Burris, DR Wolfe, NL TI Analytical model for heterogeneous reactions in mixed porous media SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article ID RESIDUAL HYDROCARBON; TRANSPORT; NONEQUILIBRIUM; DEGRADATION; REMEDIATION AB The ''funnel/gate system'' is a developing technology for passive ground-water plume management and treatment. This technology uses sheet pilings as a funnel to force polluted ground water through a highly permeable zone of reactive porous media (the gate) where contaminants are degraded by biotic or abiotic heterogeneous reactions. This paper presents a new analytical nonequilibrium model for solute transport in saturated, nonhomogeneous or mixed porous media that could assist efforts to design funnel/gate systems and predict their performance. The model incorporates convective/dispersion transport, dissolved constituent decay, surface-mediated degradation, and time-dependent mass transfer between phases. Simulation studies of equilibrium and nonequilibrium transport conditions reveal manifestations of rate-limited degradation when mass-transfer times are longer than system hydraulic residence times, or when surface-mediated reaction rates are faster than solute mass-transfer processes (i.e., sorption, film diffusion, or intraparticle diffusion). For example, steady-state contaminant concentrations will be higher under a nonequilibrium transport scenario than would otherwise be expected when assuming equilibrium conditions. Thus, a funnel/gate system may fail to achieve desired ground-water treatment if the possibility of mass-transfer-limited degradation is not considered. C1 ARMSTRONG LAB,ENVIRONM RES LAB,TYNDALL AFB,FL 32403. US EPA,ENVIRONM RES LAB,ATHENS,GA 30605. RP Hatfield, K (reprint author), UNIV FLORIDA,DEPT CHEM,QUANTUM THEORY PROJECT,GAINESVILLE,FL 32611, USA. NR 38 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 SN 0733-9372 J9 J ENVIRON ENG-ASCE JI J. Environ. Eng.-ASCE PD AUG PY 1996 VL 122 IS 8 BP 676 EP 684 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(1996)122:8(676) PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA UX941 UT WOS:A1996UX94100002 ER PT J AU Burris, DR Hatfield, K Wolfe, NL AF Burris, DR Hatfield, K Wolfe, NL TI Laboratory experiments with heterogeneous reactions in mixed porous media SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article AB The limited success and high cost of traditional ''active'' ground-water-contaminant plume management efforts (i.e., pump-and-treat systems) has stimulated a search for less expensive ''passive'' plume interception and in-situ treatment technologies. The ''funnel/gate system,'' which uses heterogeneous (surface-mediated) reactions on porous media to degrade dissolved contaminants, is one passive technology under consideration. Research on a heterogeneous reaction is presented in this paper, which can be extended to facilitate the design of engineered porous media systems (i.e., funnel/gates). Results are examined from batch and flow-through column experiments involving nitrobenzene degradation in a surface-mediated reaction with granular metallic iron. A nonequilibrium transport model that incorporates solute mass-transfer resistance near reactive iron surfaces is shown to simulate breakthrough curves (BTCs) from column systems, using model parameters estimated from batch systems. The investigation shows pseudo first-order degradation-rate coefficients increasing with higher solid:liquid ratios and with greater iron concentrations. In addition, nitrobenzene degradation is found to be faster in batch systems than in comparable column systems, indicating the presence of mass-transfer limitations in the how-through systems. Finally, the present study provides insights on conditions pertinent to the design of engineered in-situ treatment zones, such as how mass-transfer, hydraulic, and reaction kinetic conditions affect ground-water-contaminant fate and transport through reactive porous media. C1 UNIV FLORIDA,DEPT CIVIL ENGN,GAINESVILLE,FL 32611. US EPA,ENVIRONM RES LAB,ATHENS,GA 30605. RP Burris, DR (reprint author), ARMSTRONG LAB,ENVIRONM RES LAB,TYNDALL AFB,FL 32403, USA. NR 15 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 SN 0733-9372 J9 J ENVIRON ENG-ASCE JI J. Environ. Eng.-ASCE PD AUG PY 1996 VL 122 IS 8 BP 685 EP 691 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(1996)122:8(685) PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA UX941 UT WOS:A1996UX94100003 ER PT J AU Kampbell, DH Wiedemeier, TH Hansen, JE AF Kampbell, DH Wiedemeier, TH Hansen, JE TI Intrinsic bioremediation of fuel contamination in ground water at a field site SO JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE bioremediation; fuel contamination; ground water AB A spill of gasoline occurred at an automobile service station in 1986. Oily phase residue in the subsurface has continued for the past 8 yr to release water soluble fuel hydrocarbons into the aquifer. The site was characterized for implementation of intrinsic remediation. The subsurface was a beach sand with sea shell fragments, The water table was near 1.3 m below ground surface. Surface dimensions over the plume were about 200 m downgradient and 60 m in width. Three points to coincide with direction of ground-water flow were selected in the plume for water quality assessments. Both methane and trimethylbenzene were used as surrogate tracers to normalize loss of contaminants, Aerobic respiration and methanogenesis accounted for most biodegradation obtained, Assimilation capacities of dissolved oxygen, ferrous iron, and methane distributions when compared to BTEX concentrations showed that the ground water has sufficient capacity to degrade all dissolved BTEX before the plume moves beyond 250 m downgradient. Evidence obtained from loss of contaminants, geochemistry, and microbial breakdown chemicals showed that intrinsic bioremediation technology would be a viable option to restore the site. C1 PARSONS ENGN SCI INC,DENVER,CO 80290. USAF,CTR ENVIRONM EXCELLENCE,BROOKS AFB,TX 78235. RP Kampbell, DH (reprint author), US EPA,NATL RISK MANAGEMENT RES LAB,SUBSURFACE PROTECT & REMEDIAT DIV,ADA,OK 74820, USA. NR 3 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3894 J9 J HAZARD MATER JI J. Hazard. Mater. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 49 IS 2-3 BP 197 EP 204 DI 10.1016/0304-3894(96)01753-0 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA VG128 UT WOS:A1996VG12800008 ER PT J AU Kaufman, MS Hatzis, AC Stuart, JG AF Kaufman, MS Hatzis, AC Stuart, JG TI Negative-ion chemical ionization of amphetamine derivatives SO JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article DE amphetamines; negative-ion chemical ionization; N-substituted amphetamines; gas chromatography mass spectrometry ID MASS-SPECTROMETRY; HUMAN PLASMA; METABOLITES; PHENYLETHYLAMINE; METHAMPHETAMINE AB The negative-ion chemical ionization (NICI) mass spectra of the heptafluorobutyryl (HFB) and pentafluorobenzoyl (PFBz) derivatives of several amphetamines and N-substituted amphetamines were obtained. The HFB derivatives of amphetamine and its ring-substituted congeners were each found to undergo predominant loss of one molecule of hydrogen fluoride, while the corresponding PFBz derivatives each underwent sequential loss of two molecules of hydrogen fluoride followed by the loss of either a methyl or an aryl group. The HFB derivatives of the N-substituted amphetamines were found to undergo sequential loss of four molecules of hydrogen fluoride while the corresponding PFBz derivatives produced high-abundance molecular ions. NICI mass spectra of deuterium-labelled amphetamine derivatives were obtained and the order of hydrogen elimination was studied. These findings explain previous observations of hydrogen fluoride loss by the amphetamine derivatives and define potential applications of NICI mass spectrometry to the analysis of these compounds. C1 WILEY COLL,MARSHALL,TX 75670. RP Kaufman, MS (reprint author), ARMSTRONG LAB,DRUG TESTING DIV,2601 W RD,SUITE 117,BROOKS AFB,TX 78235, USA. NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 1076-5174 J9 J MASS SPECTROM JI J. Mass Spectrom. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 31 IS 8 BP 913 EP 920 PG 8 WC Biophysics; Chemistry, Organic; Spectroscopy SC Biophysics; Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA VB664 UT WOS:A1996VB66400012 ER PT J AU Chen, Z Mecholsky, JJ Hu, S AF Chen, Z Mecholsky, JJ Hu, S TI Effect of interface design on high-temperature failure of laminated composites SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID REINFORCED CERAMICS; FRACTURE-TOUGHNESS; RESIDUAL-STRESSES; CREEP AB The fracture strength and toughness of alumina can be increased by lamination with strategically placed nickel layers and with a modified Ni/Al2O3 interface through tape casting. In order to examine the potential of this type of laminated composite in high temperature applications, the laminates were tested at elevated temperatures. This paper describes how a modified tortuous interface, instead of a smooth interface, increases the creep resistance of the laminates. Interface modification can control high temperature laminate behavior and is critical to successful composite design. C1 UNIV FLORIDA,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,GAINESVILLE,FL 32611. USAF,AF MAT DIRECTORATE,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. NR 21 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MC KNIGHT ROAD SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 11 IS 8 BP 2035 EP 2041 DI 10.1557/JMR.1996.0256 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA VB449 UT WOS:A1996VB44900023 ER PT J AU Raszka, WV Moriarty, RA Ottolini, MG Waecker, NJ Ascher, DP Cieslak, TJ Fischer, GW Robb, ML AF Raszka, WV Moriarty, RA Ottolini, MG Waecker, NJ Ascher, DP Cieslak, TJ Fischer, GW Robb, ML TI Delayed-type hypersensitivity skin testing in human immunodeficiency virus-infected pediatric patients SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID BETA-2-MICROGLOBULIN LEVEL; CHILDREN; PROGRESSION; PROGNOSIS; DISEASE; ANERGY; MEN AB Objective: To evaluate whether pediatric patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can mount appropriate delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) skin responses to recall antigens and whether these responses can be correlated with clinical or immunologic parameters. Design: Prospective evaluation of DTH responses in HIV-infected children. Uninfected children born to HIV-infected mothers served as control subjects. Antigens used for yearly DTH testing included Candida albicans (1:100, 1:10); mumps virus; Trichophyton; purified protein derivative of tuberculin; and tetanus toroid (1:100, 1:10). At the time of each DTH test, patients were staged according to two Centers for Disease Control and Prevention pediatric HIV classification systems, and T-cell subsets were obtained. Results: Twenty-seven HIV-infected patients with a median age at entry of 74.1 (range, 12 to 156) months were followed. Forty-four DTH skin tests in 21 symptom-free HIV-infected patients (Pt) and 18 tests in 10 HIV-infected patients with symptoms (P2), as well as 43 DTH skin tests in 18 patients who had either mild or moderate clinical symptoms or immunosuppression and 19 tests in 13 patients with severe symptoms or immunosuppression, were evaluated. Sixteen DTH skin tests were performed in 14 uninfected patients. HIV-infected patients tended to have fewer DTH responses to antigens and of smaller size than did uninfected patients. When controlled for age, few differences in DTH responsiveness were seen between HIV-infected and uninfected patients. Anergy was associated with symptomatic disease, evidence of advanced clinical or immunologic disease, and low CD4(+) percentages (p < 0.05). Conclusions: HIV-infected children are able to mount antigen-specific cell-mediated immune responses that are qualitatively similar to those of age-matched control subjects. Loss of DTH responsiveness correlates with both clinical and immunologic evidence of HIV disease progression. C1 NATL NAVAL MED CTR, DEPT PEDIAT, BETHESDA, MD USA. USN, MED CTR, DEPT PEDIAT, SAN DIEGO, CA 92152 USA. WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR, DEPT PEDIAT, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78236 USA. WALTER REED ARMY INST RES, DIV RETROVIRAL RES, ROCKVILLE, MD USA. RP Raszka, WV (reprint author), UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI, DEPT PEDIAT, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA. NR 25 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3476 EI 1097-6833 J9 J PEDIATR-US JI J. Pediatr. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 129 IS 2 BP 245 EP 250 DI 10.1016/S0022-3476(96)70249-4 PG 6 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA VK797 UT WOS:A1996VK79700010 PM 8765622 ER PT J AU Schelonka, RL Chai, MK Yoder, BA Hensley, D Brockett, RM Ascher, DP AF Schelonka, RL Chai, MK Yoder, BA Hensley, D Brockett, RM Ascher, DP TI Volume of blood required to detect common neonatal pathogens SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID CULTURE SYSTEM; SEPTIC SHOCK; BACTEREMIA; FUNGEMIA; BACT AB Objective: To determine the minimum volume of blood and the absolute number of organisms required for detection of bacteremia and fungemia by an automated colorimetric blood culture system (BacT/Alert, Organon Teknika). Design: Common neonatal pathogens, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus agalactiae (group B streptococcus (GBS): one American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) strain and one clinical isolate), Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Candida albicans, were seeded into blood to produce bacteremia or fungemia with low colony counts (1 to 3 colony-forming units (CFU) per milliliter) and ultra-low colony counts (<1 CFU/ml). For each organism, 96 culture bottles were inoculated with either 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, or 4.0 mi of the two seeded blood concentrations. Blood culture bottles were incubated in the BacT/Alert device for 5 days, and time to positivity was noted when applicable. All bottles were subcultured on plated media. Data analysis: The Poisson statistic was used to calculate the probability of finding at least one viable CFU per inoculated culture bottle. The fraction of culture bottles with positive findings per group was divided by the probability of one or more organisms present to give the positivity index. Results: Plated subculture identified no growth of organisms not detected by the colorimetric detection system. The false-positive rate for the automated device was less than 1%. The positivity index for the GBS clinical isolate was 1.13, for the GBS ATCC isolate 0.96, for S. epidermidis 0.94, for C. albicans 0.97, and for E. coli 0.95. There was a statistically significant difference with time to positivity and inocula volume (p < 0.01), but the difference was not clinically important. Conclusions: If one or two viable colony-forming units are in the blood inoculated into culture media, the BacT/Alert system will detect growth rapidly, Because there appears to be a sizable subset of neonates who are at risk of sepsis with a colony count less than 4 CFU/ml, then a 0.5 mi inoculum of blood into the culture media is inadequate for sensitive and timely detection of bacteremia. One to two milliliters of blood should increase microorganism recovery in the face of low-colony-count sepsis. C1 WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR, DIV NEONATOL, LACKLAND AFB, TX USA. WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR, DIV PATHOL, LACKLAND AFB, TX USA. NR 28 TC 127 Z9 131 U1 0 U2 4 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3476 EI 1097-6833 J9 J PEDIATR-US JI J. Pediatr. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 129 IS 2 BP 275 EP 278 DI 10.1016/S0022-3476(96)70254-8 PG 4 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA VK797 UT WOS:A1996VK79700015 PM 8765627 ER PT J AU Yamaoka, SB Mellonig, JT Meffert, RM Arnold, RM Nummikoski, PV Mealey, BL AF Yamaoka, SB Mellonig, JT Meffert, RM Arnold, RM Nummikoski, PV Mealey, BL TI Clinical evaluation of demineralized-unicortical-ilium-strips for guided tissue regeneration SO JOURNAL OF PERIODONTOLOGY LA English DT Article DE guided tissue regeneration; bone, demineralized; bone, freeze dried; grafts, bone; membranes, artificial; membranes, barrier; polytetrafluoroethylene therapeutic use; furcation/therapy; furcation/surgery ID FREEZE-DRIED BONE; DIGITAL SUBTRACTION RADIOGRAPHY; IMAGE-ANALYSIS CADIA; PERIODONTAL TISSUES; FURCATION INVOLVEMENTS; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPE; MANDIBULAR MOLARS; ALVEOLAR BONE; DEFECTS; MEMBRANE AB THIS STUDY COMPARED DEMINERALIZED-UNICORTICAL-ILIUM-STRIPS (DUIS) and an expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) physical barrier in combination with decalcified freeze-dried bone allograft (DFDBA) for treatment of Class II mandibular furcations. Twenty patients with adult periodontitis and at least 2 furcation invasions participated in this study. Probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (GAL), and bone fill were measured at 6 and 12 months. Standardized radiographs were analyzed using computer assisted densitometric image analysis (CADIA). Fifteen of 20 patients completed the 12-month evaluation. At 6 months both control and test groups showed significant reductions in PD from baseline (P < 0.01). PD reduction for the ePTFE + DFDBA sites was 2.13 mm +/- 1.25, and the DUIS + DFDBA, 1.77 mm +/- 1.21. CAL at 6 months was sustained to 12 months when the net gains in CAL for ePTFE + DFDBA being 1.30 mm +/- 1.45 (P < 0.01) and for DUIS + DFDBA sites 1.13 mm +/- 1.68 (P < 0.02). The horizontal furcation PD decreased 2.87 mm +/- 1.68 (P < 0.01) in the ePTFE + DFDBA and 1.70 mm +/- 1.69 (P < 0.01) for DUIS + DFDBA sites over 12 months. The evaluation of the hard tissue response at the 12-month re-entry demonstrated a bone fill of 2.37 mm (75%) +/- 2.04 (P < 0.01) with ePTFE + DFDBA and 1.83 mm (79%) +/- 1.57 (P < 0.01) with DUIS + DFDBA. DUIS material and ePTEE showed significant improvements in clinical parameters and neither material proved to be significantly better. However, a larger sample size may have permitted us to demonstrate statistically significant differences between the materials. The positive results from the utilization of DUIS for GTR and the advantage of its bioresorbability warrant further investigation. The study found limitations in the use of CADIA for evaluation of guided tissue regeneration iii furcations. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT PERIODONT,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT DENT DIAGNOST SCI,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,DEPT PERIODONT,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236. WL GORE & ASSOCIATES,GORE TEX PERIODONTAL MAT,FLAGSTAFF,AZ. NR 47 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD PERIODONTOLOGY PI CHICAGO PA 737 NORTH MICHIGAN AVENUE, SUITE 800, CHICAGO, IL 60611-2690 SN 0022-3492 J9 J PERIODONTOL JI J. Periodont. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 67 IS 8 BP 803 EP 815 PG 13 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA VD788 UT WOS:A1996VD78800011 PM 8866320 ER PT J AU Zahn, MCM Hankins, GDV Yeomans, ER AF Zahn, MCM Hankins, GDV Yeomans, ER TI Vulvovaginal hematomas complicating delivery - Rationale for drainage of the hematoma cavity SO JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE hematoma; vulvar diseases; vaginal diseases; delivery AB OBJECTIVE: To review the management of puerperal vulvovaginal hematomas and report on the rise of closed system drainage in cases in which operative intervention was used. STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective review of medical records for a five-year period was conducted. The charts of all patients in whom puerperal vulvovaginal hematomas occurred were reviewed and data extracted regarding possible etiologic factors, details of delivery, characterization of the hematoma, surgical intervention and type of dl ain used. Also recorded was length of stay and postoperative complications. RESULTS: Eleven patients with hematomas were identified, for an incidence of 1/526. All patients received antibiotics; transfusion was required in eight patients. Drains were used in nine patients: Penrose in four and closed system drainage in five. All drains were brought through a separate site distant from the repair. There was one postoperative abscess, which resolved with wound care, resulting in no long-term morbidity. CONCLUSION: Puerperal vulvovaginal hematomas may be a life-threatening event. Review of the literature and our experience suggests that aggressive operative management and the use of drains are beneficial in the management of these patients. closed system drainage may be an effective adjunct in the management of vulvovaginal hematomas. RP Zahn, MCM (reprint author), WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,DEPT OBSTET & GYNECOL,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236, USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SCI PRINTERS & PUBL INC PI ST LOUIS PA P.O. DRAWER 12425 8342 OLIVE BLVD, ST LOUIS, MO 63132 SN 0024-7758 J9 J REPROD MED JI J. Reprod. Med. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 41 IS 8 BP 569 EP 574 PG 6 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA VD521 UT WOS:A1996VD52100005 ER PT J AU Gao, JH Miller, I Lai, S Xiong, TJ Fox, PT AF Gao, JH Miller, I Lai, S Xiong, TJ Fox, PT TI Quantitative assessment of blood inflow effects in functional MRI signals SO MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE functional MRI (fMRI); flow; gradient-echo sequence; EPI ID HUMAN VISUAL-CORTEX; SENSORY STIMULATION; MOTOR CORTEX; BRAIN; FLOW; OXYGENATION; ACTIVATION; CONTRAST; EPI; 2D AB Functional MRI (fMRI) signal dependence on changes in blood flow velocities were analyzed for both conventional and echo-planar (EPI) gradient-echo pulse sequences. As the flow velocity increases, the fMRI signal increases monotonically in spoiled gradient-echo sequences, while the fMRI signal may increase or decrease in conventional refocused gradient-echo sequences. A larger flip angle generates a larger inflow contribution to the fMRI signal. For conventional gradient-echo sequences, the inflow contribution to the fMRI images is dominated by the cortical draining veins, while its effect on capillaries is generally small and may be negligible in the spoiled sequences. For EPI gradient-echo sequences, the contribution from inflow effects is relatively small, as compared with the blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) contribution, to the fMRI signal, not only for capillaries but also for the cortical draining veins. C1 USAF,BIOMED SCI CORPS,ST LOUIS,MO. WASHINGTON UNIV,SCH MED,EDWARD MALLINCKRODT INST RADIOL,ST LOUIS,MO 63110. RP Gao, JH (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,RES IMAGING CTR,7703 FLOYD CURL DR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. RI Fox, Peter/B-4725-2010 OI Fox, Peter/0000-0002-0465-2028 NR 36 TC 60 Z9 63 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0740-3194 J9 MAGNET RESON MED JI Magn.Reson.Med. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 36 IS 2 BP 314 EP 319 DI 10.1002/mrm.1910360219 PG 6 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA VA984 UT WOS:A1996VA98400018 PM 8843386 ER PT J AU Malakondaiah, G Nicholas, T AF Malakondaiah, G Nicholas, T TI High-temperature low-cycle fatigue of a gamma titanium aluminide alloy Ti-46Al-2Nb-2Cr SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID PLASTIC STRAIN-ENERGY AB The low-cycle fatigue (LCF) behavior of a gamma titanium aluminide alloy Ti-46Al-2Nb-2Cr in fully lamellar (FL) and nearly lamellar (NL) microstructural conditions is studied at 650 degrees C and 800 degrees C, with and without hold times. At 650 degrees C and 800 degrees C, the alloy in either condition exhibits cyclic stability at all strain levels studied, excepting the NL structure which shows slight cyclic hardening at higher strain levels at 650 degrees C. Fracture in the FL condition occurs by a mixed mode comprising delamination, translamellar fracture, and stepwise fracture. On the other hand, fracture occurs mostly by translamellar mode in the NL condition. At both test temperatures, the alloy in the FL condition obeys the well-known Manson-Coffin behavior. The fatigue resistance of the alloy at 650 degrees C in the FL condition is very much comparable to, while in the NL condition it is superior to, that of Ti-24Al-11Nb alloy. At 650 degrees C, a 100-second peak tensile strain hold doubles the fatigue life of the alloy in the FL condition, while a 100-second hold at compressive peak strain or at both tensile and compressive peak strain degrades fatigue life. The observed hold time effects can primarily be attributed to mean stress. Irrespective of the nature of the test, the hysteretic energy (total as well as tensile) per cycle remains nearly constant during the majority of its life. The total and tensile hysteretic energy to fracture, at both test temperatures, increase with cycles to failure, and the variation follows a power-law relationship. C1 USAF,WRIGHT LAB,MLLN,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. RP Malakondaiah, G (reprint author), DEF MET RES LAB,PO KANCHANBAGH,HYDERABAD 500058,ANDHRA PRADESH,INDIA. NR 17 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 2 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 27 IS 8 BP 2239 EP 2251 DI 10.1007/BF02651878 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA VC633 UT WOS:A1996VC63300020 ER PT J AU Riegler, JL Takata, JA Schutz, SM AF Riegler, JL Takata, JA Schutz, SM TI Outcomes of patient disengagement policies: Implications for managed care SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB The gastroenterology division at Wilford Hall Medical Center (WHMC) refers approximately 70% of outpatient consultations to civilian providers, a policy known as disengagement. This policy was implemented in the hope of reducing waiting times for appointments and testing, We conducted a telephone survey to determine whether disengaged patients eventually obtained health care and, if they did not, the reasons for this, We also attempted to determine the level of patient satisfaction with this policy, The results demonstrated that many patients did not obtain care within the 6-month follow-up period, largely because of financial considerations. Most patients were also dissatisfied with the policy and disappointed at not having obtained care at WHMC, The results of this study have important implications for Tricare, which might result in impaired access to care through out-of-pocket patient expenses related to cost-shares and membership fees. RP Riegler, JL (reprint author), WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,PSMG,DEPT GASTROENTEROL,59TH MED WING,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236, USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 161 IS 8 BP 479 EP 482 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA VB337 UT WOS:A1996VB33700011 PM 8772303 ER PT J AU Slater, LJ AF Slater, LJ TI Pseudobowenoid vulvar change: Untreated condyloma acuminatum. SO MODERN PATHOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID EPITHELIAL HYPERPLASIA; TYPE-13 RP Slater, LJ (reprint author), USAF,INST PATHOL,DEPT ORAL PATHOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20330, USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0893-3952 J9 MODERN PATHOL JI Mod. Pathol. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 9 IS 8 BP 871 EP 871 PG 1 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA VC628 UT WOS:A1996VC62800016 PM 8871934 ER PT J AU Peterson, P Sharma, MP Gavrielides, A AF Peterson, P Sharma, MP Gavrielides, A TI Modelling of excited state absorption and upconversion in erbium germanosilicate continuous wave fibre lasers SO OPTICAL AND QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article ID DOPED FIBER AMPLIFIERS; GUIDE AMPLIFIERS; ENERGY-TRANSFER; YAG LASERS; CW THEORY; OPERATION; GLASSES; POWER; GAIN; IONS AB The effects of upconversion and pump excited state absorption (ESA) on a three-manifold continuous wave (CW) laser are investigated by solving the laser and pump differential equations subject to two-point boundary conditions. This technique is applied to erbium germanosilicate fibre lasers in low-finesse cavities. First, the three-manifold laser problem in a low-finesse cavity is solved analytically, without ESA and upconversion. This shows that the finite value of the upper pump manifold decay rate causes the extracted power to saturate, and it also shows that pump threshold is strongly influenced by the cavity reflectivity. Next, upconversion and ESA are included. This leads to a study of the extracted power and pump threshold as functions of fibre length and outcoupling. This simulation is numerical and is successfully anchored to experiment. C1 UNIV NEW MEXICO,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. RP Peterson, P (reprint author), USAF,PHILLIPS LAB PL LIDN,NONLINEAR OPT CTR TECHNOL,3550 ABERDEEN AVE SE,KIRTLAND AFB,NM 87117, USA. NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU CHAPMAN HALL LTD PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8HN SN 0306-8919 J9 OPT QUANT ELECTRON JI Opt. Quantum Electron. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 28 IS 8 BP 1089 EP 1103 PG 15 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA VA542 UT WOS:A1996VA54200010 ER PT J AU Vinegar, A Jepson, GW AF Vinegar, A Jepson, GW TI Cardiac sensitization thresholds of halon replacement chemicals predicted in humans by physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modeling SO RISK ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE cardiac sensitization threshold; halon replacement chemicals; physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modeling; egress time; humans ID RISK ASSESSMENT; HALOTHANE; METABOLISM; ENFLURANE; ELIMINATION; ISOFLURANE AB Human exposure to halons and halon replacement chemicals is often regulated on the basis of cardiac sensitization potential. The dose-response data obtained from animal testing are used to determine the no observable adverse effect level (NOAEL) and lowest observable adverse effect level (LOAEL) values. This approach alone does not provide the information necessary to evaluate the cardiac sensitization potential for the chemical of interest under a variety of exposure concentrations and durations. In order to provide a tool for decision-makers and regulators tasked with setting exposure guidelines for halon replacement chemicals, a quantitative approach was established which allowed exposures to be assessed in terms of the chemical concentrations in blood during the exposure. A physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model was used to simulate blood concentrations of Halon 1301 (bromotrifluoromethane, CF3Br), HFC-125 (pentafluoroethane, CHF2CF3), HFC-227ea (heptafluoropropane, CF3CHFCF3), HCFC-123 (dichlorotrifluoroethane, CHCl2CF3), and CF3I (trifluoroiodomethane) during inhalation exposures. This work demonstrates a quantitative approach for use in linking chemical inhalation exposures to the levels of chemical in blood achieved during the exposure. C1 USAF,ARMSTRONG LAB,DIV TOXICOL,TRI SERV TOXICOL,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. RP Vinegar, A (reprint author), MANTECH ENVIRONM TECHNOL INC,POB 31009,DAYTON,OH 45437, USA. NR 22 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 1 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0272-4332 J9 RISK ANAL JI Risk Anal. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 16 IS 4 BP 571 EP 579 DI 10.1111/j.1539-6924.1996.tb01102.x PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA VJ566 UT WOS:A1996VJ56600013 PM 8819347 ER PT J AU Maruyama, B Gundel, DB AF Maruyama, B Gundel, DB TI Spatially varied interfaces SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article C1 SYSTRAN CO,DAYTON,OH 45432. RP Maruyama, B (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,WRIGHT LAB,MLLM,2230 10TH ST STE 1,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. NR 11 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD AUG 1 PY 1996 VL 35 IS 3 BP 391 EP 395 DI 10.1016/1359-6462(96)00127-3 PG 5 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA UU397 UT WOS:A1996UU39700017 ER PT J AU Rea, LS AF Rea, LS TI Tune kids in early SO SOLID STATE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Letter RP Rea, LS (reprint author), USAF,WRIGHT LAB,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU PENNWELL PUBL CO SOLID STATE TECHNOLOGY OFFICE PI NASHUA PA TEN TARA BLVD 5TH FLOOR, NASHUA, NH 03062-2801 SN 0038-111X J9 SOLID STATE TECHNOL JI Solid State Technol. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 39 IS 8 BP 18 EP 18 PG 1 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA VB243 UT WOS:A1996VB24300002 ER PT J AU Banaszak, D AF Banaszak, D TI Processing vibration and acoustic data from a digital recorder SO SOUND AND VIBRATION LA English DT Article AB Digital recorders that record multiple channels of structural dynamic data in a pulse code modulation (PCM) format on VHS tape, are replacing frequency modulation (FM) recorders. Formerly, engineers digitized analog data from FM tape recorders using an analog to digital (A/D) converter to generate computer files for frequency, time history and statistical analysis. Advantages of digital tape recorders include wide dynamic: range, low noise, quick digitization, zero phase de lay between channels and no tape recorder artifacts. The recorders quickly store large volumes of dynamic data. Laboratory engineers are investigating efficient techniques to transfer digital data from digital tape recorders to personal computer (PC) files. RP Banaszak, D (reprint author), USAF,WRIGHT LAB,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACOUSTICAL PUBL INC PI BAY VILLAGE PA 27101 E OVIATT RD PO BOX 40416, BAY VILLAGE, OH 44140 SN 0038-1810 J9 SOUND VIB JI Sound Vib. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 30 IS 8 BP 14 EP 16 PG 3 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Acoustics; Engineering; Mechanics GA VH123 UT WOS:A1996VH12300004 ER PT J AU Bents, RT France, JC Glover, JM Kaylor, KL AF Bents, RT France, JC Glover, JM Kaylor, KL TI Traumatic spondylopelvic dissociation - A case report and literature review SO SPINE LA English DT Article DE fracture; lumbosacral spine; sacral fracture; spine fracture-dislocation ID FRACTURE-DISLOCATION; SACRUM AB Study Design. A case of traumatic spondylopelvic dissociation and a method of fixation are described. Objectives. The treatment of this rare injury pattern required differentiation from less severe lumbosacral fracture-dislocations or bilateral sacroiliac joint dislocations. Summary of Background Data. Several case reports have described less severe fracture patterns, but only a handful have illustrated true spondylopelvic dissociation in which there is complete displacement of the lumbar spine into the pelvis. Methods. After initial stabilization at an outside hospital, the patient was transferred to the authors' institution for definitive care. After computed tomography imaging with three-dimensional multiplanar reconstruction, the fracture was stabilized with a pedicle screw construct attached to the pelvis by means of the Galveston technique. Bilateral iliosacral screws were used to increase stability. Results. At a 2-year follow-up, the patient was pain-free and ambulating in an ankle-foot orthosis. He had a persistent deficit involving the right L5 and S1 nerve roots but was continent of stool. Conclusions. The unique fracture pattern described in this patient is presented to offer better insight into management of this complex injury and to delineate it from simpler patterns of injury to the lumbosacral junction. C1 WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR, DEPT ORTHOPAED SURG, LACKLAND AFB, TX 78236 USA. NR 25 TC 23 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0362-2436 J9 SPINE JI SPINE PD AUG 1 PY 1996 VL 21 IS 15 BP 1814 EP 1819 DI 10.1097/00007632-199608010-00020 PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology; Orthopedics SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Orthopedics GA VA486 UT WOS:A1996VA48600020 PM 8855468 ER PT J AU Malakondaiah, G Nicholas, T AF Malakondaiah, G Nicholas, T TI High temperature low cycle fatigue behaviour of titanium aluminide-based alloys SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE INDIAN INSTITUTE OF METALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on the Phenomena of Creep, Fatigue, and Creep-Fatigue Interactions CY FEB 15-17, 1995 CL INDIRA GANDHI CTR ATOM RES, KALPAKKAM, INDIA SP Board Res Nucl Sci, Dept Atom Energy India, Indian Inst Met, Met Sci Div, Indian Inst Met, Kalpakkam Chapter HO INDIRA GANDHI CTR ATOM RES AB High temperature low cycle fatigue behaviour of a Ti3Al-based Ti-24Al-11Nb alloy in basket-weave microstructural condition and a TiAl-based Ti-46Al-2Nb-2Cr alloy in fully-lamellar (FL) and nearly-lamellar (NL) conditions has been studied, with and without hold time. Ti-24Al-11Nb alloy as well as Ti-46Al-2Nb-2Cr alloy in FL condition obey the well-known Coffin-Manson behaviour. On the basis of hysteretic energy per cycle that unifies the effect of cyclic stress and plastic strain, the LCF resistance of Ti-24Al-11Nb alloy is found to be superior to that of TiAl alloy in FL condition, especially at shorter lives. At 923 K, tensile hold has a beneficial effect on life of TiAl alloy in FL condition while compressive hold for the same alloy and tensile or compressive hold for Ti3Al alloy has detrimental effect on cycles to failure. Environmental interaction and increased inelastic strain due to hold, together, lead to reduced lives for hold time tests on Ti3Al alloy while the hold time effects on TiAl alloy can primarily be attributed to mean stress. C1 USAF,WRIGHT LAB,MLLN,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. RP Malakondaiah, G (reprint author), DEF MET RES LAB,PO KANCHANBAGH,HYDERABAD 500058,ANDHRA PRADESH,INDIA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU INDIAN INST METALS PI CALCUTTA PA METAL HOUSE, PLOT 13/4, BLOCK AQ, SECTOR V, SALT LAKE, CALCUTTA 700 091, INDIA SN 0019-493X J9 T INDIAN I METALS JI Trans. Indian Inst. Met. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 49 IS 4 BP 461 EP 464 PG 4 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA WB606 UT WOS:A1996WB60600023 ER PT J AU Sabanegh, ES Downey, JR Sago, AL AF Sabanegh, ES Downey, JR Sago, AL TI Long-segment ureteral replacement with expanded polytetrafluoroethylene grafts SO UROLOGY LA English DT Article AB Objectives. Traumatic loss of significant lengths of ureter all too often results in nephrectomy when vascu larized pedicles of bower or bladder fail or are not available for substitution. Historically, alloplastic replacement of ureters has failed due to obstruction, bioincompatibility, or graft migration. This study was undertaken to test the performance of ringed expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) tube grafts as ureteral replacements in a canine model. Methods, Eight female dogs underwent partial ureteral replacement with ringed PTFE tube grafts. An involuting anastomosis was used to anchor the graft to the bladder. The dogs were followed with intravenous urograms and Whitaker infusion pressure tests for up to 12 months. Results, Six of 8 animals (75%) had preservation of excellent renal function with normal intravenous urograms and low Whitaker infusion pressures. One animal had mild hydronephrosis with an elevated infusion pressure. One animal died of spontaneous renal rupture secondary to obstruction at the ureteral-graft anastomosis. All other grafts were patent by histologic examination without encrustation or infection. Conclusions. Although not suggested as first-line therapy after ureteral loss, expanded PTFE may have a use as a prosthetic ureteral replacement in situations where conventional surgical therapies are unsuccessful. This material appears to be biocompatible, and the technique of bladder anastomosis described here prevented migration of the prosthesis. RP Sabanegh, ES (reprint author), WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,DEPT UROL,2200 BERGQUIST DR,SUITE 1,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236, USA. NR 17 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU CAHNERS PUBL CO PI NEW YORK PA 249 WEST 17 STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 SN 0090-4295 J9 UROLOGY JI UROLOGY PD AUG PY 1996 VL 48 IS 2 BP 312 EP 316 DI 10.1016/S0090-4295(96)00185-9 PG 5 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA VD099 UT WOS:A1996VD09900032 PM 8753750 ER PT J AU Rosado, L Trivedi, HK Gerardi, DT AF Rosado, L Trivedi, HK Gerardi, DT TI Evaluation of fatigue and wear characteristics of M50 steel using high temperature synthetic turbine engine lubricants .2. SO WEAR LA English DT Article DE rolling contact fatigue; boundary lubrication; wear volume ID FLUIDS AB The fatigue and wear characteristics of AISI VIM-VAR M50 steel were evaluated using two high-temperature synthetic turbine engine lubricants. Rolling contact fatigue (RCF) tests were conducted on a ball-on-rod type rig at a cyclic Hertzian contact stress of 4.8 GPa (700 ksi) and temperatures of 177 degrees C (350 degrees F) and 274 degrees C (525 degrees F). The two lubricants tested included a five-ring polyphenylether (MIL-L-87100, 12.64 cSt at 100 degrees C) and perfluoropolyalkylether (25.51 cSt at 100 degrees C), RCF results were compared with those obtained with a polyolester (MIL-L-7808J) at 177 degrees C. Weibull analysis and analysis of variance conducted on the RCF data show significant increases in fatigue life and reductions in wear rate when compared with MIL-L-7808J lubricant at 177 degrees C. However, at 274 degrees C, fatigue life was substantially reduced and wear of M50 steel increased with both high-temperature lubricants. C1 UES INC,DAYTON,OH. RP Rosado, L (reprint author), USAF,AERO PROP & POWER DIRECTORATE,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. NR 20 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0043-1648 J9 WEAR JI Wear PD AUG PY 1996 VL 196 IS 1-2 BP 133 EP 140 DI 10.1016/0043-1648(95)06882-1 PG 8 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA VB353 UT WOS:A1996VB35300018 ER PT J AU Marciante, JR Agrawal, GP AF Marciante, JR Agrawal, GP TI Controlling filamentation in broad-area semiconductor lasers and amplifiers SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID BEAM-PROPAGATION AB We show that with the introduction of a new pair of epitaxial layers, sandwiched between the active and cladding regions; self-defocusing caa play an important role in stabilizing the lateral mode in broad-area semiconductor lasers and amplifiers. Under certain conditions, it can be used to eliminate filamentation and provide a nearly flat mode profile by adjusting the band gap of the new self-defocusing layers. We discuss the use of a strained multiple-quantum-well laser for producing such a stable lateral mode. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 USAF,PHILLIPS LAB,SEMICOND LASER BRANCH,KIRTLAND AFB,NM 87117. RP Marciante, JR (reprint author), UNIV ROCHESTER,INST OPT,ROCHESTER,NY 14627, USA. RI Agrawal, Govind/D-5380-2013 OI Agrawal, Govind/0000-0003-4486-8533 NR 15 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUL 29 PY 1996 VL 69 IS 5 BP 593 EP 595 DI 10.1063/1.117917 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA UZ024 UT WOS:A1996UZ02400001 ER PT J AU Nagpal, R Ganguly, BN Bletzinger, P Garscadden, A AF Nagpal, R Ganguly, BN Bletzinger, P Garscadden, A TI Power deposition in H-2 and H-2-N-2 glow discharges SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID OPTICAL-PUMPING EXPERIMENTS; VIBRATIONAL KINETICS; RATE COEFFICIENTS; ENERGY-TRANSFER; HYDROGEN; N2(A3-SIGMA-U+); ELECTRON AB Analyses and experiments on the fractional dissociation of H-2 in glow discharges in pure H-2 and in H-2-N-2 mixtures are reported. The fractional power deposited in the dissociation of H-2 calculated from the Boltzmann transport analysis compares well with that required by our experimental data for absolute H atom densities. The analysis also provides generic guidelines towards identification of dominant dissociation processes in molecular gas mixture discharges. The results for low current glow discharges in H-2-N-2 mixtures show that the vibrational energy reservoir of N-2(X(1) Sigma(g)(+) v) must directly or indirectly be an important factor in the dissociation of H-2. RP Nagpal, R (reprint author), WRIGHT LAB,PLASMA RES GRP,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. NR 18 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD JUL 26 PY 1996 VL 257 IS 3-4 BP 386 EP 392 DI 10.1016/0009-2614(96)00479-4 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA UZ049 UT WOS:A1996UZ04900026 ER PT J AU Eldred, LB Baker, WP Palazotto, AN AF Eldred, LB Baker, WP Palazotto, AN TI Numerical application of fractional derivative model constitutive relations for viscoelastic materials SO COMPUTERS & STRUCTURES LA English DT Article AB A differential equation describing the motion of a viscoelastic bar is developed and studied. The bar material is modeled using a fractional derivative based constitutive relationship. The three-dimensional Poisson tapering effect is included in the development of the differential equation, but is not included in the solution of the linearized system. Various numerical approaches and models for the representation of a fractional order derivative and for the solution of the differential equation are studied. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd RP Eldred, LB (reprint author), USAF,INST TECHNOL,AFIT ENY,2950 P ST,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. NR 14 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0045-7949 J9 COMPUT STRUCT JI Comput. Struct. PD JUL 24 PY 1996 VL 60 IS 6 BP 875 EP 882 DI 10.1016/0045-7949(95)00447-5 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Civil SC Computer Science; Engineering GA UV023 UT WOS:A1996UV02300002 ER PT J AU Howells, SC Schlie, LA AF Howells, SC Schlie, LA TI Transient terahertz reflection spectroscopy of undoped InSb from 0.1 to 1.1 THz SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID TOTAL INTERNAL-REFLECTION; DOPED SILICON; PULSES AB Using transient terahertz reflection spectroscopy, the far-infrared (0.1-1.1 THz) reflection amplitude and associated phase change upon reflection from undoped InSb was measured between 80 and 160 K. Using the Drude model, the transient terahertz data were fit by adjusting the values for the electron mobility and carrier concentration, The close agreement between the data and model validates using the Drude model to describe the electronic and optical properties of InSb below 1 THz. These results suggest a possible application of transient terahertz reflection spectroscopy for measuring semiconductor properties of thick samples without surface contact. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 UNIV NEW MEXICO,DEPT PHYS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. RP Howells, SC (reprint author), USAF,PHILLIPS LAB,PL LIDD,3550 ABERDEEN AVE SE,KIRTLAND AFB,NM 87117, USA. NR 12 TC 59 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUL 22 PY 1996 VL 69 IS 4 BP 550 EP 552 DI 10.1063/1.117783 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA WB364 UT WOS:A1996WB36400038 ER PT J AU Montera, DA Welsh, BM Roggemann, MC Ruck, DW AF Montera, DA Welsh, BM Roggemann, MC Ruck, DW TI Processing wave-front-sensor slope measurements using artificial neural networks SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT OSA 1995 Annual Meeting CY 1995 CL PORTLAND, OR SP Opt Soc Amer DE adaptive optics; atmospheric optics; neural networks; wave front sensors; error reduction; error level estimation ID ADAPTIVE-OPTICS SYSTEMS; LASER GUIDE STARS; ASTRONOMICAL TELESCOPES; PERFORMANCE; FIELD; VIEW AB For adaptive-optics systems to compensate for atmospheric turbulence effects, the wave-front perturbation must he measured with a wave front sensor (WFS), and key parameters of the atmosphere and the adaptive-optics system must be known. Two parameters of particular interest include the Fried coherence length r(o) and the WFS slope measurement error. Statistics-based optimal techniques, such as the minimum variance phase reconstructor, have been developed to improve the imaging performance of adaptive-optics systems. However, these statistics-based models rely on knowledge of the current state of the key parameters. Neural networks provide nonlinear solutions to adaptive-optics problems while offering the possibility of adapting to changing seeing conditions. We address the use of neural networks for three tasks: (1) to reduce the WFS slope measurement error, (2) to estimate the Fried coherence length r(o), and (3) to estimate the variance of the WFS slope measurement error. All of these tasks are accomplished by using only the noisy WFS measurements as input. Where appropriate, we compare our method with classical statistics-based methods to determine if neural networks offer true benefits in performance. Although a statistics-based method is found to perform better than a neural network in reducing WFS slope measurement error neural networks perform better in estimating the variance of the WFS slope measurement error, and both methods perform well in estimating r(o). (C) 1995 Optical Society of America C1 USAF,INST TECHNOL,DEPT ENGN PHYS,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. RP Montera, DA (reprint author), USAF,INST TECHNOL,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. NR 22 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-6935 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD JUL 20 PY 1996 VL 35 IS 21 BP 4238 EP 4251 DI 10.1364/AO.35.004238 PG 14 WC Optics SC Optics GA VA608 UT WOS:A1996VA60800034 PM 21102833 ER PT J AU Rossi, J AF Rossi, J TI Sensitization induced by kindling and kindling-related phenomena as a model for multiple chemical sensitivity SO TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Risk Assessment Issues for Sensitive Human Populations CY APR 25-27, 1995 CL DAYTON, OH SP Tri Serv Toxicol, Wright Patterson Air Force Base, US EPA, Off Res & Dev, ATSDR, Div Toxicol DE Multiple Chemical Sensitivity (MCS); kindling; neural sensitization; behavioral sensitization; neural potentiation; animal models ID LONG-TERM POTENTIATION; TIME-DEPENDENT SENSITIZATION; RABBIT FOLLOWING STIMULATION; PERFORANT PATH; BENZODIAZEPINE RECEPTOR; ELECTRICAL-STIMULATION; SYNAPTIC TRANSMISSION; LASTING POTENTIATION; HIPPOCAMPAL SLICE; SEIZURE ACTIVITY AB It has been suggested that the neurobehavioral dysfunction observed in persons presenting with symptoms of Multiple Chemical Sensitivity (MCS) syndrome involves sensitization of neural circuits. Two hypotheses for the route of exposure in induction of neural sensitization in MCS are: (a) direct chemical stimulation of olfactory processes, or (b) general systemic response to inhaled chemicals. In either case, the mechanism of action may involve chemical kindling or kindling-related phenomena. A neural sensitization mechanism based on kindling or kindling-related phenomena is attractive and has been previously demonstrated in both in vitro and in vivo animal models. Without a testable animal model for chemically mediated induction of MCS, however, any argument that MCS is mediated by kindling or kindling-related phenomena is reduced to the circular argument ''the mechanism of sensitization is sensitization.'' The present survey provides an overview of the experimental paradigms that result in sensitization, differentiated on the basis of probable neurophysiological and neurochemical mechanisms. Neurophysiological potentiation, electrical kindling, chemical kindling and behavioral sensitization are evaluated and discussed in relationship to MCS. RP Rossi, J (reprint author), USAF,MED RES INST DETACHMENT TOXICOL,TRI SERV TOXICOL CONSORTIUM,2612 5TH ST,AREA B,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. NR 90 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0300-483X J9 TOXICOLOGY JI Toxicology PD JUL 17 PY 1996 VL 111 IS 1-3 BP 87 EP 100 DI 10.1016/0300-483X(96)03394-X PG 14 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA VB148 UT WOS:A1996VB14800009 PM 8711751 ER PT J AU Barton, HA Flemming, CD Lipscomb, JC AF Barton, HA Flemming, CD Lipscomb, JC TI Evaluating human variability in chemical risk assessment: Hazard identification and dose-response assessment for noncancer oral toxicity of trichloroethylene SO TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Risk Assessment Issues for Sensitive Human Populations CY APR 25-27, 1995 CL DAYTON, OH SP Tri Serv Toxicol, Wright Patterson Air Force Base, US EPA, Off Res & Dev, ATSDR, Div Toxicol DE trichloroethylene; risk assessment; reproductive and developmental toxicity; sensitive populations; Monte Carlo simulation ID HUMAN INTERINDIVIDUAL VARIABILITY; CHLORAL HYDRATE METABOLISM; RAT-LIVER; ALDEHYDE DEHYDROGENASES; TRICHLOROACETIC-ACID; FETAL DEVELOPMENT; CARDIAC TERATOGENESIS; REPRODUCTIVE FUNCTION; METHYLENE-CHLORIDE; MATERNAL EXPOSURE AB Human variability can be addressed during each stage in the risk assessment of chemicals causing noncancer toxicities, Noncancer toxicities arising from oral exposure to trichloroethylene (TCE) are used in this paper as a case study for exploring strategies for identifying and incorporating information about human variability in the chemical specific hazard identification and dose-response assessment steps. Toxicity testing in laboratory rodents is the most commonly used method for hazard identification. By using animal models for sensitive populations, such as developing fetuses, testing can identify some potentially sensitive populations, A large variety of reproductive and developmental studies with TCE were reviewed. The results were mostly negative and the limited positive findings generally occurred at doses similar to those causing liver and kidney toxicity. Physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling using Monte Carlo simulation is one method for evaluating human variability in the dose-response assessment, Three strategies for obtaining data describing this variability for TCE are discussed: (1) using in vivo human pharmacokinetic data for TCE and its metabolites, (2) studying metabolism in vitro, and (3) identifying the responsible enzymes and their variability. A review of important steps in the metabolic pathways for TCE describes known metabolic variabilities including genetic polymorphisms, enzyme induction, and disease states. A significant problem for incorporating data on pharmacokinetic variability is a lack of information on how it relates to alterations in toxicity. Response modeling is still largely limited to empirical methods due to the lack of knowledge about toxicodynamic processes. Empirical methods, such as reduction of the No-Observed-Adverse-Effect-Level or a Benchmark Dose by uncertainty factors, incorporate human variability only qualitatively by use of an uncertainty factor. As improved data and methods for biologically based dose-response assessment become available, use of quantitative information about variability will increase in the risk assessment of chemicals. C1 MANTECH ENVIRONM TECHNOL INC,TRISERV TOXICOL,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45437. USAF,DIV TOXICOL,OL AL HSC,OET,TRISERV TOXICOL,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. NR 84 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0300-483X J9 TOXICOLOGY JI Toxicology PD JUL 17 PY 1996 VL 111 IS 1-3 BP 271 EP 287 DI 10.1016/0300-483X(96)03382-3 PG 17 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA VB148 UT WOS:A1996VB14800023 PM 8711742 ER PT J AU Kar, A Scott, JE Latham, WP AF Kar, A Scott, JE Latham, WP TI Effects of mode structure on three-dimensional laser heating due to single or multiple rectangular laser beams SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID TEMPERATURE AB The natural shape of a typical chemical oxygen-iodine laser (COIL) beam is rectangular which means that the transverse cross section of the beam is rectangular. Such a rectangular beam can be split into two or more beams to carry out materials processing. The distance between such beams and the mode structure in the beams can affect the distribution of heat in the workpiece. This, in turn, affects the quality and efficiency of materials processing. A three-dimensional quasi-steady-state thermal model is presented in this article, and an expression for the temperature distribution during laser heating with single or multiple COIL beams having rectangular spots is obtained. Calculations are carried out for single or two rectangular COIL beams, The depth of heating is found to increase when the distance between two beams is less than a certain value. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 USAF,PHILLIPS LAB,APPL LASER TECHNOL BRANCH PL LIDB,KIRTLAND AFB,NM 87117. USAF,PHILLIPS LAB,LASERS & IMAGING DIRECTORATE PL LI,KIRTLAND AFB,NM 87117. RP Kar, A (reprint author), UNIV CENT FLORIDA,CTR RES ELECTROOPT & LASERS,DEPT AEROSP & MECH ENGN,12424 RES PKWY,SUITE 400,ORLANDO,FL 32826, USA. NR 28 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUL 15 PY 1996 VL 80 IS 2 BP 667 EP 674 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA UX156 UT WOS:A1996UX15600008 ER PT J AU Huang, DH Manasreh, MO AF Huang, DH Manasreh, MO TI Effects of the screened exchange interaction on the tunneling and Landau gaps in double quantum wells SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID INPLANE MAGNETIC-FIELDS; 2-DIMENSIONAL ELECTRON-SYSTEMS; DENSITY-WAVE INSTABILITY; COLLECTIVE EXCITATIONS; ENERGY-SPECTRUM; HALL STATE; COLLAPSE; GASES; MAGNETORESISTANCE; DESTRUCTION AB A self-consistent screened Hartree-Fock calculation, combined with the Landau quantization of in-plane electron motion, is performed to find the eigenstates and eigenenergies of electrons in double quantum wells. This theory is applicable to both the low and strong magnetic-field cases. The screened exchange interaction is calculated by using a generalized Thomas-Fermi screening model. The approximately linear increase of the tunneling gap at low magnetic fields (B<9 T) and the switching of the ground state between the tunneling-split first Landau levels are seen and explained as a result of the increasing of screening effects on the exchange interaction when both tunneling-split first Landau levels are filled. RP Huang, DH (reprint author), USAF,PHILLIPS LAB,VTRP,3550 ABERDEEN AVE SE,BLDG 426,KIRTLAND AFB,NM 87117, USA. NR 31 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 15 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 3 BP 2044 EP 2048 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.2044 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA UZ861 UT WOS:A1996UZ86100095 ER PT J AU Chaplin, CP Palazotto, AN AF Chaplin, CP Palazotto, AN TI The collapse of composite cylindrical panels with various thickness using finite element analysts SO COMPUTERS & STRUCTURES LA English DT Article ID LAMINATED SHELLS AB This study compared numerical collapse results of graphite/epoxy cylindrical panels with free vertical edges undergoing axial compression for three different shell theories. Symmetric quasi-isotropic laminates were investigated using solid panels and panels with five different centralized cutouts with three thicknesses. The theories compared in the study were the simplified large displacement moderate rotation (SLR) theory, the Donnell cylindrical shell (modified Donnell) theory, and the classical Donnell theory. The purpose of the study was to determine when large rotations and through-the-thickness shear start to become important in the numerical collapse analysis of cylindrical composite shells. By observing cases where the numerical collapse results for each of the three theories differed noticeably (>3%), it could be determined when large rotations and through-the-thickness shear were important. The effects of large rotations were noticed in nearly all of the panels with large cutouts (>3% panel area). Large rotations were also found to be important for thicker panels with either no cutout or a small cutout. The effects of through-the-thickness shear were only noticed in the thickest panels with large cutouts. RP Chaplin, CP (reprint author), USAF,INST TECHNOL,DEPT AERONAUT & ASTRONAUT,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. NR 26 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0045-7949 J9 COMPUT STRUCT JI Comput. Struct. PD JUL 10 PY 1996 VL 60 IS 5 BP 797 EP 815 DI 10.1016/0045-7949(95)00344-4 PG 19 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Civil SC Computer Science; Engineering GA UU008 UT WOS:A1996UU00800013 ER PT J AU Pachter, M DAzzo, JJ Veth, M AF Pachter, M DAzzo, JJ Veth, M TI Proportional and integral control of nonlinear systems SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CONTROL LA English DT Article AB In this paper, the process of controller design for nonlinear systems, using linear synthesis techniques, is examined. Specifically, proportional and integral control of nonlinear systems is investigated. The crucial role of integral action in linearization-based controller design for nonlinear systems is highlighted. RP Pachter, M (reprint author), USAF,INST TECHNOL,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. NR 9 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNDPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND EC4A 3DE SN 0020-7179 J9 INT J CONTROL JI Int. J. Control PD JUL 10 PY 1996 VL 64 IS 4 BP 679 EP 692 DI 10.1080/00207179608921649 PG 14 WC Automation & Control Systems SC Automation & Control Systems GA UX276 UT WOS:A1996UX27600006 ER PT J AU Voevodin, AA Capano, MA Safriet, AJ Donley, MS Zabinski, JS AF Voevodin, AA Capano, MA Safriet, AJ Donley, MS Zabinski, JS TI Combined magnetron sputtering and pulsed laser deposition of carbides and diamond-like carbon films SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB A hybrid technique is reported, which combines magnetron sputtering and pulsed laser ablation to produce plasma fluxes intersected on a substrate surface to form metal, ceramic and diamond-like materials. Deposition of crystalline Ti, TixCy, TiCN, and amorphous diamond-like carbon films at low temperatures by the new technique is discussed. The variation of laser pulse frequency is found to be a simple way to control film chemical composition. The technique can be used to prepare materials with transitional structure, as, for example, between metal carbides and diamond-like carbon. RP Voevodin, AA (reprint author), USAF,WRIGHT LAB,MAT DIRECTORATE,WL MLBT,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. RI Voevodin, Andrey/I-6684-2013 NR 20 TC 94 Z9 96 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUL 8 PY 1996 VL 69 IS 2 BP 188 EP 190 DI 10.1063/1.117367 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA UW172 UT WOS:A1996UW17200017 ER PT J AU Ranon, PM Dajani, I Kester, JJ Alley, TG AF Ranon, PM Dajani, I Kester, JJ Alley, TG TI All-optical programmable AND gate implementation in a germanium-doped silica planar waveguide (vol 67, pg 3532, 1995) SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Correction, Addition C1 USAF ACAD,FRANK J SEILER RES LAB,COLORADO SPRINGS,CO 80840. UNIV NEW MEXICO,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. RP Ranon, PM (reprint author), TXO,AIR FORCE TECH APPLICAT CTR,1030 S HIGHWAY A1A,PATRICK AFB,FL 32925, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUL 8 PY 1996 VL 69 IS 2 BP 283 EP 283 DI 10.1063/1.118162 PG 1 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA UW172 UT WOS:A1996UW17200049 ER PT J AU Muelleman, RL Reuwer, J Sanson, TG Gerson, L Woolard, B Yancy, AH Bernstein, E AF Muelleman, RL Reuwer, J Sanson, TG Gerson, L Woolard, B Yancy, AH Bernstein, E TI An emergency medicine approach to violence throughout the life cycle SO ACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE injury; trauma; violence; SAEM position paper; special contribution ID DOMESTIC VIOLENCE; ELDER ABUSE; CHILDREN; PREVALENCE; PHYSICIAN; OUTCOMES; VICTIMS; HEALTH; DEATH; WOMEN AB This document by the SAEM Public Health and Education Committee outlines the public health impact of interpersonal violence as it pertains to acute emergency care. This paper provides an overview of violence through the life cycle (i.e., child abuse, youth violence, intimate violence, and elderly abuse). It also makes specific recommendations regarding the role emergency physicians can play in reducing violence through medical education, research, surveillance, public education, advocacy, and clinical practice. C1 SAEM,PUBL HLTH & EDUC COMM,LANSING,MI. WASHINGTON HOSP CTR,DEPT EMERGENCY MED,WASHINGTON,DC 20010. WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,DEPT EMERGENCY MED,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78236. UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,SCH MED,DEPT MIL & EMERGENCY MED,BETHESDA,MD 20814. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. NE OHIO UNIV,COLL MED,DIV COMMUNITY HLTH SCI,ROOTSTOWN,OH 44272. BROWN UNIV,SECT EMERGENCY MED,PROVIDENCE,RI 02912. RHODE ISL HOSP,DEPT EMERGENCY MED,PROVIDENCE,RI 02902. EMORY UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT SURG,DIV EMERGENCY MED,ATLANTA,GA 30322. BOSTON CITY HOSP,BUMC,DEPT EMERGENCY MED,BOSTON,MA 02118. RP Muelleman, RL (reprint author), UNIV MISSOURI,TRUMAN MED CTR,DEPT EMERGENCY MED,2301 HOLMES ST,KANSAS CITY,MO 64108, USA. NR 74 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU HANLEY & BELFUS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 210 S 13TH ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19107 SN 1069-6563 J9 ACAD EMERG MED JI Acad. Emerg. Med. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 3 IS 7 BP 708 EP 715 DI 10.1111/j.1553-2712.1996.tb03496.x PG 8 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA UV895 UT WOS:A1996UV89500014 PM 8816188 ER PT J AU Steele, RK Portanova, PL AF Steele, RK Portanova, PL TI EELV: New acquisition strategy for a new launcher SO AEROSPACE AMERICA LA English DT Article RP Steele, RK (reprint author), USAF,DEPUTY SYST PROGRAM,EELV SYST PROGRAM OFF,SPACE & MISSILE SYST CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20330, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0740-722X J9 AEROSPACE AM JI Aerosp. Am. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 34 IS 7 BP 38 EP 43 PG 6 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA UX381 UT WOS:A1996UX38100012 ER PT J AU Oh, CK Sinkovits, RS Cybyk, BZ Oran, ES Boris, JP AF Oh, CK Sinkovits, RS Cybyk, BZ Oran, ES Boris, JP TI Parallelization of direct simulation Monte Carlo method combined with monotonic Lagrangian grid SO AIAA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SYSTEMS; FLOWS AB The monotonic Lagrangian grid (MLG) and the direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) methodology were combined on the Thinking Machines CM-5 to create a fast DSMC-MLG code with automatic grid adaptation based on local number densities. The MLG is a data structure in which particles that are close in physical space are also close in computer memory, Using the MLG data structure, physical space is divided into a number of templates (cells), each containing the same number of particles, An MLG-regularization method, stochastic grid restructuring, is implemented to minimize the occurrence of highly skewed cells, Parallelization of the DSMC-MLG is achieved by two different mapping techniques, First, simulated particles are mapped onto the parallel processors for the particle-oriented processes, such as convection, boundary interactions, and MLG sorting, Second, particle templates are mapped onto the processors for computing the macroscopic quantities (i.e., pressure, velocity, density, and temperature) and statistical sampling, In both levels of mapping, the code logic focuses on the structured and fast communications on the CM-5 architecture, The computing time required by the parallel DSMC-MLG code was significantly decreased compared with other parallel efforts and its parallel efficiency on 512 processors achieved approximately 80% for simulation involving one-half million particles. C1 USAF,WRIGHT LAB,DAYTON,OH 45433. RP Oh, CK (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,COMPUTAT PHYS & FLUID DYNAM LAB,CODE 6400,4555 OVERLOOK AVE SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 37 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0001-1452 J9 AIAA J JI AIAA J. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 34 IS 7 BP 1363 EP 1370 DI 10.2514/3.13241 PG 8 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA UV574 UT WOS:A1996UV57400007 ER PT J AU Kretzschmar, JL Kretzschmar, DP AF Kretzschmar, JL Kretzschmar, DP TI Common oral conditions SO AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN LA English DT Article AB Although some oral lesions, such as torus palatinus, are normal variants, and others, such as benign migratory glossitis, are self-limited, several common oral conditions require prompt diagnosis and treatment to reduce the potential for serious complications. Treatment of dental and periodontal abscesses may include incision and drainage, antibiotic therapy, pain control and dental extraction. Treatment of sialolithiasis (blockage of the salivary gland ducts) may require application of moist heat, antibiotics and surgical removal of impacted stones. Hyperkeratosis, a white patch on the oral mucosa that does not rub off or bleed (as does the white patch of candidiasis) commonly occurs in persons who use smokeless tobacco products. The lesion may require biopsy if it still persists two to four weeks after discontinuation of the tobacco product. Squamous cell carcinoma, which accounts for 95 percent of all oral cancers and is most commonly associated with alcohol and tobacco use, is usually asymptomatic until the late stage of the disease. Suspicious lesions should be biopsied to confirm the diagnosis. RP Kretzschmar, JL (reprint author), USAF,DC,MED GRP 49,HOLLOMAN AFB,NM 88330, USA. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD FAMILY PHYSICIANS PI KANSAS CITY PA 8880 WARD PARKWAY, KANSAS CITY, MO 64114-2797 SN 0002-838X J9 AM FAM PHYSICIAN JI Am. Fam. Physician PD JUL PY 1996 VL 54 IS 1 BP 225 EP 234 PG 10 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA UW459 UT WOS:A1996UW45900027 PM 8677838 ER PT J AU Algino, KM Thomason, RW King, DE Montiel, MM Craig, FE AF Algino, KM Thomason, RW King, DE Montiel, MM Craig, FE TI CD20 (Pan-B cell antigen) expression on bone marrow-derived T cells SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE lymphocytes; immunophenotyping; hematopoietic differentiation antigens; hematologic diseases ID ANTIBODY L26; LOW-LEVEL; LYMPHOMA; DIFFERENTIATION; LYMPHOCYTES AB Antibodies directed against CD20 (L26, Leu 16, and B1) are frequently used to determine the presence of B lymphocytes. However, recent publications describe the unexpected presence of CD20-positive T cells in the peripheral blood of normal subjects and occasional T-cell neoplasms that express CD20. To determine the presence of CD20-positive T cells in bone marrow, flow cytometric analysis was performed on 34 aspirate specimens (14 normal, 5 acute lymphoblastic lymphoma [ALL], 5 acute myelogenous leukemia [AML], 4 HIV positive, 2 myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative, 2 chronic myelogenous leukemia [CML], 1 chronic lymphocytic lymphoma [CLL], 1 multiple myeloma). A small population of cells coexpressing CD3 (Leu 4) and CD20(dlm) (Leu 16) was identified in 94% of the specimens, representing 0% to 11% (mean 1.77%) of marrow mononuclear cells and 0% to 22.2% (mean 6.54%) of marrow lymphoid cells. There was no correlation between the percentage of CD20-positive T cells and the CD4:CD8 ratio, patient age, gender, or diagnosis. CD20(dlm) positive cells included immature B cells and CD20-positive T cells, Although evaluation of CD20 expression is useful in delineating B-cell processes, caution should be exercised in interpreting its expression on bone marrow T-lymphoid cells. CD20 expression on T cells may be seen in either normal, reactive, or neoplastic processes. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT PATHOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. USAF,MED CTR,DEPT PATHOL,KEESLER AFB,MS 39534. NR 17 TC 42 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0002-9173 J9 AM J CLIN PATHOL JI Am. J. Clin. Pathol. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 106 IS 1 BP 78 EP 81 PG 4 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA UW505 UT WOS:A1996UW50500014 PM 8701937 ER PT J AU Arriaga, MA Carrier, D AF Arriaga, MA Carrier, D TI MRI and clinical decisions in cochlear implantation SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OTOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 30th Annual Meeting of the American-Neurotology-Society CY APR 29-30, 1995 CL PALM DESERT, CA SP Amer Neurotol Soc DE cochlear implants; HRCT; MRI; temporal bone ID COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; INNER-EAR; CANDIDATES; PATENCY AB High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) is the standard imaging technique used in cochlear implantation. However, cochlear and retrocochlear soft-tissue abnormalities may not be detected with HRCT alone. To determine whether magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides clinically significant information in addition to HRCT in the evaluation of candidates for cochlear implants, we performed a prospective study of 13 consecutive patients with cochlear implant patients receiving preoperative, high-resolution fast spin-echo T-2-weighted MRI scans of the temporal bone. MRI identified unanticipated cochlear fibrosis in one patient, vestibular schwannoma in one patient, patency in the second turn of the cochlea in a patient with labyrinthitis ossificans, and disproved cochlear fibrosis suspected on HRCT imaging in one patient. These findings were significant for clinical decisions regarding candidacy for surgery, side selection for surgery, and surgical technique in cochlear implantation. Our experience suggests a high-resolution T-2-weighted MRI of the temporal bone should be used preoperatively in addition to HRCT before cochlear implantation. C1 WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,DEPT OTOL NEUROTOL,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236. WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,DEPT NEURORADIOL,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236. NR 14 TC 24 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0192-9763 J9 AM J OTOL JI Am. J. Otol. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 17 IS 4 BP 547 EP 553 PG 7 WC Otorhinolaryngology SC Otorhinolaryngology GA UZ067 UT WOS:A1996UZ06700007 PM 8841699 ER PT J AU Manthey, DE Storrow, AB Milbourn, JM Wagner, BJ AF Manthey, DE Storrow, AB Milbourn, JM Wagner, BJ TI Ultrasound versus radiography in the detection of soft-tissue foreign bodies SO ANNALS OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID HAND; EXTREMITIES; DIAGNOSIS AB Study objective: To determine the usefulness of ultrasound and radiography in detecting foreign bodies in soft-tissue models closely duplicating puncture-wound trauma and hand anatomy. Methods: In this randomized, blinded descriptive study, two radiologists independently evaluated 120 chicken thighs for foreign bodies with the use of standard two-view radiography and 7.5-MHz transducer ultrasonography. All chicken thighs were manipulated with hemostats to ensure uniform tissue damage. In 60 thighs, one foreign body had been inserted (10 each: gravel, metal, glass, cactus spine, wood, and plastic). Results: The sensitivity of ultrasound in detecting gravel was 40%, that for metal was 45%, that for glass was 50%, that for cactus spine was 30%, that for wood was 50%, and that for plastic was 40%. The overall sensitivity, specificity, and false-negative and false-positive rates for ultrasound were 43%, 70%, 50%, and 30%, respectively. No individual foreign body had an ultrasound detection rate of 50%. Radiography detected foreign bodies generally considered radiopaque (gravel, glass, metal) 98% of the time, but it never detected bodies considered radiolucent (wood, plastic, cactus spine). The false-negative and false-positive rates for radiography were 50% and 1.6%, respectively. Conclusion: Ultrasound detection of foreign bodies by skilled operators in this animal model revealed poor sensitivity and specificity. Radiographic detection was highly sensitive for foreign bodies considered radiopaque. Our data suggest that ultrasound should not be relied on to rule out the po retained foreign body in the distal extremities. C1 JOINT MIL MED CTR EMERGENCY MED RESIDENCY,SAN ANTONIO,TX. WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,DEPT RADIOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78236. NR 9 TC 59 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0196-0644 J9 ANN EMERG MED JI Ann. Emerg. Med. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 28 IS 1 BP 7 EP 9 DI 10.1016/S0196-0644(96)70130-0 PG 3 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA UV872 UT WOS:A1996UV87200002 PM 8669741 ER PT J AU Nahrstedt, B Glesne, T McNally, J Kenemuth, J Magrath, B AF Nahrstedt, B Glesne, T McNally, J Kenemuth, J Magrath, B TI Electroless silver as an optical coating in an operational environment SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article DE high-reflectance optical coatings; metal coatings; optical filters ID REFLECTANCE AB Long-term, independent experiments show a high degradation rate and short lifetime for electroless silver as a mirror coating operating at visible wavelengths in an observatory environment. Acid formed by water vapor mixing with sulfur in volcanic dust diffuses through pinholes in the coating generated during deposition. This causes internal corrosion and delamination after only 3-4 months. In addition, a layer of silver sulfide results in tarnish, which reduces reflectance. Rates of sulfidation and internal corrosion are shown to depend on the concentration of sulfur and the exposure rate. Comparisons of performance, lifetime, and the application process are made with bare aluminum and two variations of enhanced silver. (C) 1996 Optical Society of America C1 USAF,PHILLIPS LAB,KIRTLAND AFB,NM 87117. CANADA FRANCE HAWAII TELESCOPE CORP,KAMUELA,HI 96743. RP Nahrstedt, B (reprint author), ROCKWELL POWER SYST CO,MAUI SPACE SURVEILLANCE SITE,KIHEI,HI 96753, USA. NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-6935 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 35 IS 19 BP 3680 EP 3686 DI 10.1364/AO.35.003680 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA UW460 UT WOS:A1996UW46000049 PM 21102764 ER PT J AU Blaauboer, BJ Bayliss, MK Castell, JV Evelo, CTA Frazier, JM Groen, K Gulden, M Guillouzo, A Hissink, AM Houston, JB Johanson, G deJongh, J Kedderis, GL Reinhardt, CA vandeSandt, JJM Semino, G AF Blaauboer, BJ Bayliss, MK Castell, JV Evelo, CTA Frazier, JM Groen, K Gulden, M Guillouzo, A Hissink, AM Houston, JB Johanson, G deJongh, J Kedderis, GL Reinhardt, CA vandeSandt, JJM Semino, G TI The use of biokinetics and in vitro methods in toxicological risk evaluation - The report and recommendations of ECVAM Workshop 15 SO ATLA-ALTERNATIVES TO LABORATORY ANIMALS LA English DT Article ID BLOOD-BRAIN-BARRIER; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; IN-VITRO; PARTITION-COEFFICIENTS; RESPIRATORY-TRACT; GASTROINTESTINAL ABSORPTION; PERCUTANEOUS-ABSORPTION; INTRINSIC CLEARANCE; VOLATILE CHEMICALS; HAZARD ASSESSMENT C1 GLAXO WELLCOME,DEPT BIOANAL & DRUG METAB,WARE SG12 0DP,HERTS,ENGLAND. UNIV VALENCIA,HOSP LA FE,UNIDAD HEPATOL EXPTL,VALENCIA 46009,SPAIN. UNIV LIMBURG,DEPT PHARMACOL,SECT TOXICOL,NL-6200 MD MAASTRICHT,NETHERLANDS. USAF,ARMSTONG LAB,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. JANSSEN RES FDN,DEPT CLIN PHARMACOKINET,B-2340 BEERSE,BELGIUM. CHRISTIAN ALBRECHTS UNIV KIEL,INST TOXICOL,CELL TOXICOL SECT,D-24106 KIEL,GERMANY. HOP PONTCHAILLOU,INSERM U49,UNITE RECH HEPATOL,F-35033 RENNES,FRANCE. TNO,NUTR & FOOD RES INST,DIV TOXICOL,NL-3700 AJ ZEIST,NETHERLANDS. UNIV MANCHESTER,DEPT PHARM,MANCHESTER M13 9PL,LANCS,ENGLAND. NATL INST WORKING LIFE,DEPT TOXICOL & CHEM,S-17184 SOLNA,SWEDEN. CHEM IND INST TOXICOL,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709. SWISS ALTERNAT ANIM TESTING,CH-8614 BERTSCHIKON ZURIC,SWITZERLAND. INST PHARMACOL SCI,TOXICOL LAB,I-20133 MILAN,ITALY. RP Blaauboer, BJ (reprint author), UNIV UTRECHT,RITOX,POB 80176,NL-3508 TD UTRECHT,NETHERLANDS. RI Evelo, Chris/D-2914-2009; Castell, Jose/I-9529-2016 OI Evelo, Chris/0000-0002-5301-3142; NR 82 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 1 PU FRAME PI NOTTINGHAM PA RUSSELL & BURCH HOUSE 96-98 NORTH SHERWOOD ST, NOTTINGHAM, NOTTS, ENGLAND NG1 4EE SN 0261-1929 J9 ATLA-ALTERN LAB ANIM JI ATLA-Altern. Lab. Anim. PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 24 IS 4 BP 473 EP 497 PG 25 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA VB455 UT WOS:A1996VB45500012 ER PT J AU Rutledge, PC Hancock, RA Rutledge, JH AF Rutledge, PC Hancock, RA Rutledge, JH TI Predictors of thought rebound SO BEHAVIOUR RESEARCH AND THERAPY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-Psychological-Society CY JUN, 1995 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Amer Psychol Soc ID INTRUSIVE THOUGHTS; SUPPRESSION; PERSONALITY AB Individual differences in the paradoxical thought rebound effect (increased thought expression following attempted thought suppression) were examined in two studies. In these two studies, the majority of Ss did not evidence thought rebound and, in both studies, it war found that a measure of thought rebound was correlated with other variables. In Study 1, a four-factor regression model predicted thought rebound (R(2) = 0.1477). The significant predictors were: (1) ACT Composite (higher ACT predicted more rebound); (2) gender; (3) thought intrusion frequency during suppression; and (4) the interaction of gender and thought intrusion frequency (for male Ss only, more thought intrusions during suppression predicted more rebound). In Study 2, a replication regression model (R(2) = 0.1408) cross-validated the ACT effect observed in Study 1. A Study 2 extension model (R(2) = 0.2154) found the following significant predictors of thought rebound: (1) obsessionality (less obsessionality predicted more rebound); (2) trait anxiety (less anxiety predicted more rebound); (3) race (whites rebounded more than blacks); (4) gender; (5) 16 PF independence; and (6) the interaction of gender and 16 PF independence (for male Ss only, more independence predicted more rebound). The implications of these results for thought rebound theory are discussed. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 USAF ACAD,DEPT MATH SCI,COLORADO SPRINGS,CO 80840. RP Rutledge, PC (reprint author), LINCOLN UNIV,DEPT SOCIAL & BEHAV SCI,JEFFERSON CITY,MO 65102, USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM-08202] NR 27 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0005-7967 J9 BEHAV RES THER JI Behav. Res. Ther. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 34 IS 7 BP 555 EP 562 DI 10.1016/0005-7967(96)00021-6 PG 8 WC Psychology, Clinical SC Psychology GA VE455 UT WOS:A1996VE45500005 PM 8826762 ER PT J AU Marx, RE Ehler, WJ Peleg, M AF Marx, RE Ehler, WJ Peleg, M TI ''Mandibular and facial reconstruction'' rehabilitation of the head and neck cancer patient SO BONE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Portland Bone Symposium CY AUG 02-05, 1995 CL PORTLAND, OR C1 UNIV MIAMI,SCH MED,CTR TUMOR & RECONSTRUCT SURG,MIAMI,FL. WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,CLIN INVEST DIRECTORATE,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236. CHAIM SHEBA MED CTR,SENIOR STAFF,IL-52621 TEL HASHOMER,ISRAEL. NR 17 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 8756-3282 J9 BONE JI Bone PD JUL PY 1996 VL 19 IS 1 SU S BP S59 EP S82 DI 10.1016/S8756-3282(96)00137-8 PG 24 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA UW664 UT WOS:A1996UW66400005 PM 8830998 ER PT J AU Murray, PM AF Murray, PM TI Current status of wrist arthrodesis and wrist arthroplasty SO CLINICS IN PLASTIC SURGERY LA English DT Article ID SILICONE IMPLANTS AB A variety of conditions may cause chronic pain and loss of function of the wrist, including rheumatoid arthritis, post-traumatic arthritis, and osteoarthrosis. During the later half of the twentieth century, surgeons efforts have fluctuated between various forms of wrist arthrodesis and wrist arthroplasty designs. Currently, most consider the use of arthroplasty in the wrist with only narrow indications, whereas others favor the use of either limited or panarthrodesis of the wrist. Nevertheless, the ultimate goal is to provide the patient with the ability to position the hand to perform activities of daily living and personal hygiene. C1 WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,DEPT ORTHOPAED SURG,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236. NR 61 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0094-1298 J9 CLIN PLAST SURG JI Clin. Plast. Surg. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 23 IS 3 BP 385 EP & PG 11 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA UX031 UT WOS:A1996UX03100004 PM 8826677 ER PT J AU Murray, PM AF Murray, PM TI Current status of metacarpophalangeal arthroplasty and basilar joint arthroplasty of the thumb SO CLINICS IN PLASTIC SURGERY LA English DT Article ID 1ST CARPOMETACARPAL JOINT; ARTHROSIS AB Implant arthroplasty of the metacarpophalangeal joint is primarily indicated in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The concept of replacing the digital metacarpophalangeal joint is relatively new. Prior to the first prosthetic replacement for the destroyed metacarpophalangeal joint in 1959, the use of various soft-tissue interposition techniques had been reported and subsequently have been abandoned. Using concepts that have been successful in the hip and knee, surface replacement implants for the digital metacarpophalangeal joint have been developed that closely approximate the anatomy of the metacarpal head and proximal phalangeal base. Early results have been promising. C1 WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR, DEPT ORTHOPAED SURG, LACKLAND AFB, TX 78236 USA. NR 73 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0094-1298 J9 CLIN PLAST SURG JI Clin. Plast. Surg. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 23 IS 3 BP 395 EP + PG 0 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA UX031 UT WOS:A1996UX03100005 PM 8826678 ER PT J AU Naboulsi, S Mall, S AF Naboulsi, S Mall, S TI Modeling of a cracked metallic structure with bonded composite patch using the three layer technique SO COMPOSITE STRUCTURES LA English DT Article ID PLATE AB Due to the high computational cost of three-dimensional finite element analysis, the two-dimensional finite element analysis involving the three layer technique is introduced to investigate the repair of cracked metallic structures using an adhesively bonded composite patch. In the three layer technique, two-dimensional Mindlin plate elements with transverse shear deformation capability are used for all three layers; cracked plate, adhesive and composite patch. The accuracy of the three layer technique to compute the stress intensity factor for the metallic crack is demonstrated by a comparison with available two- and three-dimensional models. The strain energy release rates of the debond at the adhesive interfaces are also examined and compared with the previous studies. The three layer technique provides an efficient and accurate alternative model which is capable of investigating in depth the adhesive effects on the bonded patch repair of cracked metallic structures. C1 USAF,INST TECHNOL,DEPT AERONAUT & ASTRONAUT,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. NR 27 TC 69 Z9 72 U1 4 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0263-8223 J9 COMPOS STRUCT JI Compos. Struct. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 35 IS 3 BP 295 EP 308 DI 10.1016/0263-8223(96)00043-8 PG 14 WC Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA VJ634 UT WOS:A1996VJ63400005 ER PT J AU Henriksen, GL Michalek, JE Swaby, JA Rahe, AJ AF Henriksen, GL Michalek, JE Swaby, JA Rahe, AJ TI Serum dioxin, testosterone, and gonadotropins in veterans of operation ranch hand SO EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE dioxin; gonadotropins; sperm ID 2,3,7,8-TETRACHLORODIBENZO-PARA-DIOXIN-TREATED MALE-RATS; HEALTH-STATUS; HALF-LIFE; TOXICITY; VIETNAM; HERBICIDES; MECHANISM; WEIGHT; TCDD AB We studied whether exposure to Agent Orange and its contaminant, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (dioxin), during the Vietnam War is related to current testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, or testicular abnormalities, sperm count, sperm abnormalities, or testicular volume. The index subjects were veterans of Operation Ranch Hand, the unit responsible for aerial herbicide spraying in Vietnam from 1962 to 1971. The referent cohort comprises Air Force veterans who served in Southeast Asia during the same period but were not involved with spraying herbicides. Referents were matched to Ranch Hands on date of birth, race, and military occupation. We found no consistent or meaningful association between serum dioxin levels and any of these outcome variables. C1 ARMSTRONG LAB,BROOKS AFB,TX. NR 27 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 1044-3983 J9 EPIDEMIOLOGY JI Epidemiology PD JUL PY 1996 VL 7 IS 4 BP 352 EP 357 DI 10.1097/00001648-199607000-00003 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA UT954 UT WOS:A1996UT95400005 PM 8793359 ER PT J AU Henriksen, GL Michalek, JE AF Henriksen, GL Michalek, JE TI Serum dioxin, testosterone, and gonadotropins in veterans of operation ranch hand SO EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 USAF,AL AOEP,BROOKS AFB,TX 78235. NR 4 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 1044-3983 J9 EPIDEMIOLOGY JI Epidemiology PD JUL PY 1996 VL 7 IS 4 BP 454 EP 455 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA UT954 UT WOS:A1996UT95400027 PM 8793380 ER PT J AU Brown, MJ Burris, DR AF Brown, MJ Burris, DR TI Enhanced organic contaminant sorption on soil treated with cationic surfactants SO GROUND WATER LA English DT Article ID AQUIFER MATERIAL; WATER; GROUNDWATER; CHEMICALS; SEDIMENTS; SMECTITE; CLAY AB Batch sorption and column transport laboratory experiments were performed to investigate the use of cationic surfactants to enhance sorption of dissolved organic contaminants in aquifer material with low organic carbon content. The experiments used sand from the Borden aquifer in Ontario, Canada, treated with hexadecyltrimethylammonium (HDTMA(+)) surfactant. Test results indicate that organic cations are strongly adsorbed by cation exchange reactions on the solid surface. Further adsorption occurs in admicelles, which form by hydrophobic interactions between adsorbed and mobile HDTMA monomers. The nonlinear adsorption Isotherm may be described by Langmuir adsorption theory. The retardation factor for HDTMA(+) on Borden aquifer material is approximately 460 when aqueous surfactant concentrations are less than 100 mg/l, while HDTMA(+) is relatively mobile at higher concentrations. Column experiments suggest that tbe adsorption reaction is very rapid, and thus independent of ground-water flow velocity. A column treated with HDTMA(+) equivalent to 33% of CEC and flushed with 325 pore volumes of surfactant-free water showed that although the HDTMA(+) modified zone was smeared downgradient, all HDTMA(+) mass remained adsorbed within the column. The results indicate that an essentially stationary surfactant-modified zone can be created. Adsorbed HDTMA(+) mass increased f(oc) from 0.02 wt% on natural Borden aquifer material to 0.18 wt% on the treated sediments. Organic matter derived from the adsorbed HDTMA(+) is an effective partitioning medium for dissolved HOC, and results indicate that it may sorb HOC more efficiently than natural f(oc) on a unit weight basis. Batch sorption tests showed that sorption coefficients (K-d) for trichloroethylene (TCE), perchloroethylene (PCE), and 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene (TCB) were 13 times higher on HDTMA(+) treated Borden aquifer material compared to the natural sediments. Retardation factors estimated from column transport tests confirmed these results, and suggested that sorption of moderately hydrophobic organic contaminants on the HDTMA(+) modified sediments was a rapid and reversible process. Data from these laboratory-scale experiments indicate that it may be feasible to develop an enhanced sorption zone in situ in a low f(oc) aquifer as part of a ground-water remediation scheme for dissolved organic pollutants. C1 ENVIRON DIRECTORATE,ARMSTRONG LAB,TYNDALL AFB,FL 32403. RP Brown, MJ (reprint author), UNIV WATERLOO,DEPT EARTH SCI,WATERLOO,ON N2L 3G1,CANADA. NR 37 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 2 U2 14 PU GROUND WATER PUBLISHING CO PI WESTERVILLE PA 601 DEMPSEY RD, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081 SN 0017-467X J9 GROUND WATER JI Ground Water PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 34 IS 4 BP 734 EP 744 DI 10.1111/j.1745-6584.1996.tb02062.x PG 11 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA UV866 UT WOS:A1996UV86600024 ER PT J AU Kim, SW Price, JL Mueller, CW Watson, TW AF Kim, SW Price, JL Mueller, CW Watson, TW TI The determinants of career intent among physicians at a US Air Force hospital SO HUMAN RELATIONS LA English DT Article DE intent to stay; job satisfaction; organizational commitment; turnover ID ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT; EMPLOYEE TURNOVER; JOB-SATISFACTION; NEGATIVE AFFECTIVITY; CAUSAL MODEL; INFORMATION; ATTACHMENT; AMBIGUITY; SEARCH; STATES AB The research reported in this paper attempts to explain variation in career intent among physicians at a U.S. Air Force hospital. A causal model which comes from the research of Price-Mueller and their colleagues is used to explain career intent. The model is estimated with data collected from Wilford Hall Medical Center, the U.S. Air Force's tertiary-care center. Data were collected by questionnaires and from records. The variables are assessed with widely used organizational measures which are generally valid and reliable. Data are analyzed by ordinary least squares regression analysis. Seven variables are the most important in explaining career intent: organizational commitment, job satisfaction, search behavior, opportunity, met expectations, positive affectivity, and promotional chances. The causal model that has been tested primarily for female employees in civilian hospitals was found to operate just as well among male physicians in a military hospital. Forty-one percent of the variance in career intent is explained in this study. C1 ARMSTRONG LAB,BROOKS AFB,TX 78236. RP Kim, SW (reprint author), UNIV IOWA,DEPT SOCIOL,IOWA CITY,IA 52242, USA. NR 69 TC 96 Z9 103 U1 3 U2 20 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0018-7267 J9 HUM RELAT JI Hum. Relat. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 49 IS 7 BP 947 EP 976 DI 10.1177/001872679604900704 PG 30 WC Management; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Business & Economics; Social Sciences - Other Topics GA UW263 UT WOS:A1996UW26300004 ER PT J AU Jenkins, T Bozada, C Dettmer, R Sewell, J Via, D Barrette, J Ebel, J DeSalvo, G Havasy, C Liou, L Quach, T Gillespie, J Pettiford, C Ito, C Nakano, K Anholt, R AF Jenkins, T Bozada, C Dettmer, R Sewell, J Via, D Barrette, J Ebel, J DeSalvo, G Havasy, C Liou, L Quach, T Gillespie, J Pettiford, C Ito, C Nakano, K Anholt, R TI Comparison of thermal-shunt and flip-chip HBT thermal impedances: Comment on ''Novel HBT with reduced thermal impedance'' SO IEEE MICROWAVE AND GUIDED WAVE LETTERS LA English DT Article RP Jenkins, T (reprint author), USAF,WRIGHT LAB,SOLID STATE ELECT DIRECTORATE,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 1051-8207 J9 IEEE MICROW GUIDED W JI IEEE Microw. Guided Wave Lett. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 6 IS 7 BP 268 EP 269 DI 10.1109/75.502289 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA UT728 UT WOS:A1996UT72800006 ER PT J AU Eide, P Maybeck, P AF Eide, P Maybeck, P TI An MMAE failure detection system for the F-16 SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS LA English DT Article AB A multiple model adaptive estimation (MMAE) algorithm is implemented with the fully nonlinear six-degree-of-motion, Simulation Rapid-Prototyping Facility (SRF) VISTA F-16 software simulation tool. The algorithm is composed of a bank of Kalman filters modeled to match particular hypotheses of the real world Each presumes a single failure in one of the flight-critical actuators, or sensors, and one presumes no failure. For dual failures, a hierarchical structure is used to keep the number of on-line filters to a minimum The algorithm is demonstrated to be capable of identifying flight-critical aircraft actuator and sensor failures at a Low dynamic pressure (20,000 ft, 0.4 Mach). Research includes single and dual complete failures. Tuning methods for accommodating model mismatch, including addition of discrete dynamics pseudonoise and measurement pseudonoise, are discussed and demonstrated Scalar residuals within each filter are also examined and characterized for possible use as an additional failure declaration voter. An investigation of algorithm performance off the nominal design conditions is accomplished as a first step towards full flight envelope coverage. RP Eide, P (reprint author), USAF, INST TECHNOL, DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN, 2950 P ST, BLDG 640, WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 16 TC 43 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9251 J9 IEEE T AERO ELEC SYS JI IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 32 IS 3 BP 1125 EP 1136 DI 10.1109/7.532271 PG 12 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA UX978 UT WOS:A1996UX97800023 ER PT J AU Sentelle, CG Voelker, RH AF Sentelle, Christopher G. Voelker, Robert H. TI FD-TLM Electromagnetic Field Simulation of High-speed Josephson Junction Digital Logic Gates SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES LA English DT Article AB The finite-difference transmission line matrix (FD-TLM) method is extended to modeling low-T-c Josephson junction (JJ) digital logic integrated circuits (IC's), providing comprehensive simultaneous time-domain, three-dimensional (3-D) full-wave electromagnetic field and JJ device analysis. Techniques for FD-TLM modeling of a Josephson Atto-Webber switch (JAWS), a two-junction superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID), and modified variable threshold logic (MVTL) logic gates are discussed and simulation results are presented. Interconnection lengths are intentionally short so that the full-wave FD-TLM simulation results can he validated with results of conventional quasistatic-based circuit simulations. Good agreement between the simulation techniques validates the FD-TLM JJ logic circuit modeling approach. In the FD-TLM method the electromagnetic behavior of the circuit is modeled from the material properties and dimensions of the circuit, avoiding separate extractions of parasitic capacitance and inductance as needed in conventional circuit simulations. C1 [Sentelle, Christopher G.] USAF, Offutt AF Base, Bellevue, NE 68123 USA. [Voelker, Robert H.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Elect Engn, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. [Voelker, Robert H.] Univ Nebraska, Ctr Electroopt, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. RP Sentelle, CG (reprint author), USAF, Offutt AF Base, Bellevue, NE 68123 USA. NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9480 J9 IEEE T MICROW THEORY JI IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 44 IS 7 BP 1103 EP 1108 AR PII S0018-9480(96)04713-8 DI 10.1109/22.508644 PN 1 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA V28AX UT WOS:000208654800015 ER PT J AU Park, GH Pao, YH Igelnik, B Eyink, KG LeClair, SR AF Park, GH Pao, YH Igelnik, B Eyink, KG LeClair, SR TI Neural-net computing for interpretation of semiconductor film optical ellipsometry parameters SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NEURAL NETWORKS LA English DT Article ID ANGLE SPECTROSCOPIC ELLIPSOMETRY; MOLECULAR-BEAM-EPITAXY; MULTILAYER FEEDFORWARD NETWORKS; FUNCTIONAL-LINK NET; VARIABLE-ANGLE; REAL-TIME; GROWTH; APPROXIMATION; GAAS AB Optical ellipsometry has been found to be a promising technique for monitoring process parameters, such as film composition and film thickness, of semiconductor wafers grown with molecular beam epitaxy. Whereas it is a straightforward task to calculate ellipsometry angles given the thickness of the film and the refractive indexes of the film and substrate, it is a difficult task to invert that mathematical relationship. However, the process must be inverted if the measured parameters are to be interpreted meaningfully in terms of film composition and film thickness. This paper reports on the use of neural-net computing for the inverse mapping of measured ellipsometry parameters, We used a functional-link net which is very efficient in function approximation. The advantage of using the net, however, is not only its speed, but also because some other net architecture characteristics allow us to perform the task in a holistic manner. C1 AI WARE INC,CLEVELAND,OH 44106. USAF,WRIGHT LAB,DAYTON,OH 45433. RP Park, GH (reprint author), CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIV,DEPT ELECT ENGN & APPL PHYS,CLEVELAND,OH 44106, USA. NR 41 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 1045-9227 J9 IEEE T NEURAL NETWOR JI IEEE Trans. Neural Netw. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 7 IS 4 BP 816 EP 829 DI 10.1109/72.508926 PG 14 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA UZ974 UT WOS:A1996UZ97400004 PM 18263478 ER PT J AU Steppe, JM Bauer, KW Rogers, SK AF Steppe, JM Bauer, KW Rogers, SK TI Integrated feature and architecture selection SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NEURAL NETWORKS LA English DT Article ID NUMBER; BOUNDS AB In this paper, we present an integrated approach to feature and architecture selection for single hidden layer-feedforward neural networks trained via backpropagation. In our approach, we adopt a statistical model building perspective in which we analyze neural networks within a nonlinear regression framework, The algorithm presented in this paper employs a likelihood-ratio test statistic as a model selection criterion, This criterion is used in a sequential procedure aimed at selecting the best neural network given an initial architecture as determined by heuristic rules, Application results for an object recognition problem demonstrate the selection algorithm's effectiveness in identifying reduced neural networks with equivalent prediction accuracy. C1 USAF,INST TECHNOL,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. RP Steppe, JM (reprint author), USAF,INST TECHNOL,DEPT OPERAT SCI,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. NR 36 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 1045-9227 J9 IEEE T NEURAL NETWOR JI IEEE Trans. Neural Netw. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 7 IS 4 BP 1007 EP 1014 DI 10.1109/72.508942 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA UZ974 UT WOS:A1996UZ97400020 PM 18263494 ER PT J AU Wells, JR Wiseman, FL Williams, DC Baxley, JS Smith, DF AF Wells, JR Wiseman, FL Williams, DC Baxley, JS Smith, DF TI The products of the reaction of the hydroxyl radical with 2-ethoxyethyl acetate SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL KINETICS LA English DT Article ID SIMULATED ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS; GAS-PHASE REACTIONS; RATE CONSTANTS; METHYL NITRITE; OH RADICALS; KINETICS; NITRATE; ESTERS AB The gas-phase reaction products of the OH radical with 2-ethoxyethyl acetate (EEA, CH3C(O)OCH2CH2OCH2CH3) have been investigated. 1,2-Ethanediol acetate formate (EAF, CH3C(O)OCH2CH2OC(O)H) and ethyl formate (EF, HC(O)OCH2CH3) were identified as the two main products. A third product, ethylene glycol diacetate (EGD, CH3C(O)OCH2CH2OC(O)CH3), was also observed. EAF, EF, and EGD formation yields were determined to be 0.37 +/- 0.03 and 0.328 +/- 0.018 and 0.040 +/- 0.005, respectively. Proposed reaction mechanisms are discussed and compared with these data. (C) 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 APPL RES ASSOCIATES,GULF COAST DIV,TYNDALL AFB,FL 32403. MANTECH ENVIRONM TECHNOL INC,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709. RP Wells, JR (reprint author), ARMSTRONG LAB,ENVIRON DIRECTORATE,139 BARNES DR,TYNDALL AFB,FL 32403, USA. NR 18 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0538-8066 J9 INT J CHEM KINET JI Int. J. Chem. Kinet. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 28 IS 7 BP 475 EP 480 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4601(1996)28:7<475::AID-KIN1>3.0.CO;2-S PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA UT437 UT WOS:A1996UT43700001 ER PT J AU Currie, NC Demma, FJ Ferris, DD Kwasowsky, BR McMillan, RW Wicks, MC AF Currie, NC Demma, FJ Ferris, DD Kwasowsky, BR McMillan, RW Wicks, MC TI Infrared and millimeter-wave sensors for military special operations and law enforcement applications SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFRARED AND MILLIMETER WAVES LA English DT Article AB We consider the application of infrared and millimeter-wave sensors, developed for the most part during the Cold War, to the solution of problems encountered by military special operations units and law enforcement personnel. These problems include detection of weapons concealed beneath clothing, through-the-wall surveillance, and wide-area surveillance under poor lighting conditions. Key sensors used in these applications are infrared cameras, millimeter-wave passive and active cameras, and millimeter-wave real-aperture and holographic radars. This paper discusses each type of sensor, describes its operation, and gives an example of its output, except in those cases where the device is early in its development phase and thus no outputs are available. All of these sensors form images, but the images are of varying quality. We conclude with a brief discussion of methods of using multiple sensors to improve performance. RP Currie, NC (reprint author), USAF,ROME LAB,26 ELECT PKWY,ROME,NY 13441, USA. NR 27 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0195-9271 J9 INT J INFRARED MILLI JI Int. J. Infrared Millimeter Waves PD JUL PY 1996 VL 17 IS 7 BP 1117 EP 1138 DI 10.1007/BF02088899 PG 22 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA VA142 UT WOS:A1996VA14200001 ER PT J AU Rueda, LJ SyMunoz, JT Naylor, WP Goodacre, CJ Swartz, ML AF Rueda, LJ SyMunoz, JT Naylor, WP Goodacre, CJ Swartz, ML TI The effect of using custom or stock trays on the accuracy of gypsum casts SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PROSTHODONTICS LA English DT Article ID ELASTOMERIC IMPRESSION MATERIALS; DIMENSIONAL STABILITY; BOND STRENGTH; ADHESIVES AB This study examined the linear dimensional stability of nonaqueous elastomeric impressions made from stock and custom trays by measuring casts derived from those impressions at 1 hour, 1 day, and 1 week. There was a small statistical difference among casts produced from stock versus custom trays compared to the master model. However, there was no significant difference in casts produced from impressions poured at 1 hour, 1 day, and 1 week. A custom tray with a 2.0 to 2.5 mm tray spacing had the least amount of variation, yet the differences between custom and stock trays may not be clinically significant. C1 LOMA LINDA UNIV,SCH DENT,DEPT RESTORAT DENT,LOMA LINDA,CA 92350. USAF,DENT CORPS,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. USAF,DEPT PROSTHODONT,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. INDIANA UNIV,SCH DENT,DEPT RESTORAT DENT,INDIANAPOLIS,IN. NR 22 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 2 PU QUINTESSENCE PUBL CO INC PI CAROL STREAM PA 551 KIMBERLY DR, CAROL STREAM, IL 60188-1881 SN 0893-2174 J9 INT J PROSTHODONT JI Int. J. Prosthodont. PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 9 IS 4 BP 367 EP 373 PG 7 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA UZ990 UT WOS:A1996UZ99000009 PM 8957875 ER PT J AU Duke, AP Ree, MJ AF Duke, AP Ree, MJ TI Better candidates fly fewer training hours: Another time testing pays off SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SELECTION AND ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article ID PREDICTING PILOT; JOB-PERFORMANCE; VALIDITY; SELECTION; CLASSIFICATION AB The relationship between Pilot Candidate Selection Method (PCSM) scores and the number of flying training hours required to complete United States Air Force Undergraduate Pilot Training (UPT) was investigated on a sample of 1,082 graduates. This was done to demonstrate that ability testing has real world correlates and that cost savings accrued as a result of ability testing. The criterion 'extra flying hours' was computed by subtracting each student's cumulative flying hours from the sample mean. The correlations (corrected for range restriction) between PCSM scores and primary and advanced flying training extra hours were -0.206 and -0.270, respectively. Demonstrating that UPT graduates with higher PCSM scores required fewer flying hours to complete training facilitates the estimation of the cost avoidance achieved by ability tests. C1 ARMSTRONG LAB,HUMAN RESOURCES DIRECTORATE,BROOKS AFB,TX 78235. NR 39 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 4 PU BLACKWELL PUBL LTD PI OXFORD PA 108 COWLEY RD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX4 1JF SN 0965-075X J9 INT J SELECT ASSESS JI Int. J. Sel. Assess. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 4 IS 3 BP 115 EP 121 DI 10.1111/j.1468-2389.1996.tb00068.x PG 7 WC Psychology, Applied; Management SC Psychology; Business & Economics GA VB154 UT WOS:A1996VB15400001 ER PT J AU Smith, RE AF Smith, RE TI Marrying airframes and engines in-ground test facilities: An evolutionary revolution SO JOURNAL OF AIRCRAFT LA English DT Article RP Smith, RE (reprint author), SVERDRUP TECHNOL INC,ARNOLD AFB,TN 37389, USA. NR 82 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0021-8669 J9 J AIRCRAFT JI J. Aircr. PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 33 IS 4 BP 649 EP 679 DI 10.2514/3.47001 PG 31 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA VD917 UT WOS:A1996VD91700001 ER PT J AU Stephen, EJ Sopirak, DA AF Stephen, EJ Sopirak, DA TI Effects of leading-edge sweep angle on nonzero trimmed roll angles SO JOURNAL OF AIRCRAFT LA English DT Article ID DELTA; FLOW C1 USAF ACAD,FRANK J SEILER RES LAB,COLORADO SPRINGS,CO 80840. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0021-8669 J9 J AIRCRAFT JI J. Aircr. PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 33 IS 4 BP 825 EP 828 DI 10.2514/3.47021 PG 4 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA VD917 UT WOS:A1996VD91700021 ER PT J AU Kuhlman, JJ Magluilo, J Cone, E Levine, B AF Kuhlman, JJ Magluilo, J Cone, E Levine, B TI Simultaneous assay of buprenorphine and norbuprenorphine by negative chemical ionization tandem mass spectrometry SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DEALKYLATED METABOLITE; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; HUMAN-PLASMA; URINE; RADIOIMMUNOASSAY C1 NIDA,DIV INTRAMURAL RES,NIH,BALTIMORE,MD. RP Kuhlman, JJ (reprint author), USAF,INST PATHOL,DIV FORENS TOXICOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20330, USA. NR 20 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 1 PU PRESTON PUBLICATIONS INC PI NILES PA 7800 MERRIMAC AVE PO BOX 48312, NILES, IL 60648 SN 0146-4760 J9 J ANAL TOXICOL JI J. Anal. Toxicol. PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 20 IS 4 BP 229 EP 235 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Toxicology GA UX944 UT WOS:A1996UX94400004 PM 8835660 ER PT J AU Ketcha, MM Stevens, DK Warren, DA Bishop, CT Brashear, WT AF Ketcha, MM Stevens, DK Warren, DA Bishop, CT Brashear, WT TI Conversion of trichloroacetic acid to dichloroacetic acid in biological samples SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TRIFLUOROACETIC-ACID; CARBON-TETRACHLORIDE; CHLORAL HYDRATE; TRICHLOROETHANOL; CARCINOGENICITY; METABOLISM; ACTIVATION; FLUIDS C1 USAF,AFMC,HSC,ARMSTRONG LAB,OCCUPAT & ENVIRONM HLTH DIRECTORATE,TOXICOL DIV,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. WASHINGTON STATE UNIV,COLL PHARM,PULLMAN,WA 99164. UNIV GEORGIA,DEPT TOXICOL & PHARM,ATHENS,GA 30602. RP Ketcha, MM (reprint author), MANTECH ENVIRONM TECHNOL INC,POB 31009,DAYTON,OH 45437, USA. NR 18 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 1 PU PRESTON PUBLICATIONS INC PI NILES PA 7800 MERRIMAC AVE PO BOX 48312, NILES, IL 60648 SN 0146-4760 J9 J ANAL TOXICOL JI J. Anal. Toxicol. PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 20 IS 4 BP 236 EP 241 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Toxicology GA UX944 UT WOS:A1996UX94400005 PM 8835661 ER PT J AU Bruno, JG Collard, SB Kuch, DJ Cornette, JC AF Bruno, JG Collard, SB Kuch, DJ Cornette, JC TI Electrochemiluminescence from tunicate, tunichrome-metal complexes and other biological samples SO JOURNAL OF BIOLUMINESCENCE AND CHEMILUMINESCENCE LA English DT Article DE electrochemiluminescence; metals; tunicates; molluscs; plants ID DNA PROBE ASSAYS; BLOOD-CELLS; ELECTROGENERATED CHEMILUMINESCENCE; AUTONOMOUS FLUORESCENCE; VANADIUM; ASCIDIANS; REDUCTION; CHEMISTRY; PRODUCTS AB Low level intrinsic electrochemiluminescence (ECL) was induced from body fluids and homogenized tissues of oysters and several species of tunicates. No significant ECL was detected in human blood cell lysates, or bovine haematin, but minor ECL was observed in avian blood cell lysates. Both terrestrial grass and seagrass exhibited ECL which is probably attributable to chlorophyll, since dead (brown) grass did not demonstrate ECL, It was postulated that organic-metal complexes in marine invertebrates were, at least in part, responsible for the intrinsic ECL, since such animals are known to be rich in organically bound metals. However, alternative biochemical mechanisms for the observed ECL, which do not involve metal chelates, are possible. Various metal ions were added to the invertebrate preparations to determine whether exogenous metals could enhance or inhibit the ECL reactions. Strongly oxidizing metal ions such as Ag+, Au+, Cu2+, Hg2+ and Sb2+ at greater than or equal to 100 ppm severely inhibited the intrinsic ECL response. No statistically significant ECL enhancement due to addition of metal ions was noted. ECL 'profiles' were generated which demonstrated differences in the ECL responses of individual tunicate preparations to the presence of various exogenous metal ions. Differences in ECL profiles may represent differences in types or levels of endogenous metal chelates or other biochemical constituents. In addition, synthetic tunichromes (tunicate pigments) were analysed for ECL in the presence and absence of various added metal ions, One synthetic tunichrome isomer demonstrated a specific ECL interaction with Hg2+, while the other demonstrated broader ECL activity with several metal ions. C1 USAF,ARMSTRONG LAB,ENVIRON DIRECTORATE,TYNDALL AFB,FL 32403. RP Bruno, JG (reprint author), APPL RES ASSOCIATES,139 BARNES DR,SUITE 2,BLDG 1117,TYNDALL AFB,FL 32403, USA. NR 34 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0884-3996 J9 J BIOLUM CHEMILUM JI J. Biolumin. Chemilumin. PD JUL-OCT PY 1996 VL 11 IS 4-5 BP 193 EP 206 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1271(199607)11:4/5<193::AID-BIO417>3.0.CO;2-2 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA VL314 UT WOS:A1996VL31400002 PM 8910142 ER PT J AU Redkar, RJ Dube, MP McCleskey, FK Rinaldi, MG DelVecchio, VG AF Redkar, RJ Dube, MP McCleskey, FK Rinaldi, MG DelVecchio, VG TI DNA fingerprinting of Candida rugosa via repetitive sequence-based PCR SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GENETIC SIMILARITY; TYPING METHODS; ALBICANS; FUNGEMIA; IDENTIFICATION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; PATHOGENS; INFECTION; STRAINS AB A repetitive sequence-based PCR (rep-PCR) technique was developed to characterize the genotypic relatedness among Candida rugosa isolates. Two repetitive sequences, viz., Care-2 and Com29 from Candida albicans, were used to design primers Ca-21, Ca-22, and Com-21, respectively. When used alone or in combination, these primers generated discriminatory fingerprints by amplifying the adjacent variable regions of the genome. Twenty-three isolates from burn patients, eight from other human sources, and four C. rugosa isolates pathogenic in animals were placed into nine fingerprinting groups. Different primers placed these isolates into identical groups, indicating that rep-PCR is a specific and reproducible technique for molecular characterization of C. rugosa. Moreover, these primers unequivocally discriminated among other important Candida species such as C. albicans, C. glabrata, C. tropicalis, C. krusei, C. parapsilosis, C. kefyr, and C. lusitaniae. These data confirm the conservation of repetitive sequences in Candida species. Because of its ease and sensitivity,rep-PCR offers a relatively rapid and discriminatory method for molecular typing of C. rugosa in outbreaks. C1 UNIV SCRANTON,INST MOLEC BIOL,SCRANTON,PA 18510. UNIV SO CALIF,SCH MED,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90033. UNIV SO CALIF,SCH MED,DIV INFECT DIS,LOS ANGELES,CA 90033. ARMSTRONG LAB,EPIDEMIOL RES DIV,BACTERIOL LAB,BROOKS AFB,TX. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT PATHOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78235. NR 30 TC 32 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 34 IS 7 BP 1677 EP 1681 PG 5 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA UR416 UT WOS:A1996UR41600016 PM 8784568 ER PT J AU Solti, JP Mall, S Robertson, DD AF Solti, JP Mall, S Robertson, DD TI A simplified approach for modeling fatigue of unidirectional ceramic matrix composites SO JOURNAL OF COMPOSITES TECHNOLOGY & RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE ceramic matrix composite; fatigue; shear-lag; modeling ID FIBER-REINFORCED CERAMICS; CRACKING; BEHAVIOR; FRACTURE; GLASS; MECHANICS; STRENGTH; TENSILE; DAMAGE AB An analytical methodology is developed to model the response of unidirectional ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) under monotonic and fatigue loadings at room temperature. The analysis is presented as a first step toward analyzing the fatigue behavior of CMCs at elevated temperatures. The laminate is modeled using a modified shear-lag analyses in which the microstructural damage is estimated using simple damage criteria. Moreover, the damage mechanisms considered in this study are matrix cracking, fiber/matrix interfacial debonding and slip, fiber fracture, and fiber pullout. A simple criterion for estimating the average matrix crack density is developed and compared with classical fracture mechanics techniques. Additionally, a formulation for modeling the fatigue response of ceramic composites including stress-strain hysteresis and strain ratchetting is presented. The stress-strain response under monotonic tensile loading, and the fatigue life (S-N relationship) and stress-strain hysteresis under cyclic loading obtained from the present analytical methodology are compared with their experimental counterparts. They are in good agreement with one another. C1 USAF,INST TECHNOL,DEPT AERONAUT & ASTRONAUT,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. NR 40 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER SOC TESTING MATERIALS PI W CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DR, W CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 SN 0884-6804 J9 J COMPOS TECH RES JI J. Compos. Technol. Res. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 18 IS 3 BP 167 EP 178 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Composites; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Polymer Science GA VD570 UT WOS:A1996VD57000001 ER PT J AU Gambill, JM Alder, M delRio, CE AF Gambill, JM Alder, M delRio, CE TI Comparison of nickel-titanium and stainless steel hand-file instrumentation using computed tomography SO JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS LA English DT Article ID ROOT CANALS AB Computed tomography was used to evaluate root canals prepared by nickel-titanium (Ni-Ti) hand and stainless steel hand endodontic instruments, Thirty-six single-rooted teeth of similar shape and canal size were divided into three groups, The teeth were scanned by computed tomography before instrumentation, In group A, canals were instrumented using a quarter turn/pull technique with K-flex files. In group B, canals were prepared with Ni-Ti hand files (Mity files) using the same technique as group A, Group C was prepared with Ni-Ti hand files (Mity files) using a reaming technique, Instrumented teeth were again scanned using computed tomography, and reformated images of the uninstrumented canals were compared with images of the instrumented canals. Ni-Ti instruments (Mity file) used in a reaming technique caused significantly less canal transportation (p < 0.05), removed significantly less volume of dentin (p < 0.05), required less instrumentation time (p < 0.05), and produced more centered and rounder canal preparations than K-flex stainless steel files used in a quarter turn/pull technique. The computed tomography imaging system used in this study provided a repeatable, noninvasive method of evaluating certain aspects of endodontic instrumentation. C1 WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,DEPT ENDODONT,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT DENT DIAGNOST SCI,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SCH DENT,DEPT ENDODONT,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. NR 20 TC 96 Z9 110 U1 1 U2 5 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0099-2399 J9 J ENDODONT JI J. Endod. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 22 IS 7 BP 369 EP 375 DI 10.1016/S0099-2399(96)80221-4 PG 7 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA UU481 UT WOS:A1996UU48100009 PM 8935064 ER PT J AU Michalek, JE Tripathi, RC Kulkarni, PM Pirkle, JL AF Michalek, JE Tripathi, RC Kulkarni, PM Pirkle, JL TI The reliability of the serum dioxin measurement in veterans of Operation Ranch Hand SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE ANALYSIS AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE dioxin; epidemiology; reliability ID HALF-LIFE; INDEXES; WEIGHT; ERROR AB A study was conducted on the reliability of the serum dioxin measurement of enlisted Ranch Hands veterans participating in the Air Force Health Study using paired serum dioxin measurements. The 46 veterans were not randomly selected, bur their demographic characteristics, health, and dioxin levels were similar to those of 404 other enlisted Ranch Hand veterans who had a single dioxin measurement made in 1987. The average time between the measurements was 0.61 years, the first measurement made from blood drawn on 10 April 1987 and the second from blood collected at a subsequent physical examination. In original units, the coefficient of reliability was 0.87 (95% confidence interval: 0.76, 0.94) when the first measurement was at or below 50 parts per trillion. The measurement had no reliability in original units when the first measurement was greater than 50 parts per trillion. After a logarithmic transformation, the coefficient of reliability was 0.96 (95% confidence interval: 0.93 to 0.98). These results suggest that the serum dioxin measurement should not be used in original units for any purpose when the value exceeds 50 parts per trillion. The measurement is, however highly reliable after a logarithmic transformation over the entire range of concentrations. Other studies using the same analytical method to measure dioxin in serum could similarly benefit if the measurement used is on the natural logarithm scale. RP Michalek, JE (reprint author), ARMSTRONG LAB,AOEP,26006 DOOLITTLE RD,BROOKS AFB,TX 78235, USA. NR 17 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU PRINCETON SCIENTIFIC PUBL INC PI PRINCETON PA PO BOX 2155, PRINCETON, NJ 08543 SN 1053-4245 J9 J EXPO ANAL ENV EPID JI J. Expo. Anal. Environ. Epidemiol. PD JUL-SEP PY 1996 VL 6 IS 3 BP 327 EP 338 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA VK194 UT WOS:A1996VK19400005 PM 8889952 ER PT J AU Miller, PS AF Miller, PS TI Disturbances in the soil: Finding buried bodies and other evidence using ground penetrating radar SO JOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE forensic science; ground penetrating radar; remote sensing; archaeology ID ARCHAEOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS; GRAVES AB Ground penetrating radar (GPR) is an efficient and effective means to search for buried evidence, whether it be a clandestine grave, formal burial, or certain missing articles from a crime scene. The procedures for GPR used by the U.S. Army Central Identification Laboratory, Hawaii (CILHI), are the result of several years of experimentation on a variety of ground surfaces in Hawaii, Southeast Asia and the mainland U.S. This remote sensing method does not usually provide direct information that there is a body or other specific object beneath the ground. Most of the time the GPR has been used to determine where a target object is not located. The key feature of GPR is that it can detect recent changes in shallow soil conditions caused by the disturbance of soil and the intrusion of different material. Using the methods described here, the investigator should be able to determine the precise metric grid coordinates for a subsurface disturbance, as well as the approximate size, the general shape, and the depth of the buried material. Success will vary with soil conditions. The conditions suitable or not practical for using GPR are summarized. This remote sensing technology can have wider use in crime scene investigations due to the recent introduction of more user-friendly software and more portable hardware. RP Miller, PS (reprint author), USA,CENT IDENTIFICAT LAB,310 WORCHESTER AVE,HICKAM AFB,HI 96853, USA. NR 20 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 22 PU AMER SOC TESTING MATERIALS PI W CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DR, W CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 SN 0022-1198 J9 J FORENSIC SCI JI J. Forensic Sci. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 41 IS 4 BP 648 EP 652 PG 5 WC Medicine, Legal SC Legal Medicine GA UW195 UT WOS:A1996UW19500026 PM 8754575 ER PT J AU Stauffer, JM Ree, MJ Carretta, TR AF Stauffer, JM Ree, MJ Carretta, TR TI Cognitive-components tests are not much more than g: An extension of Kyllonen's analyses SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RANGE RESTRICTION; FIT INDEXES AB A battery of 10 traditional paper-and-pencil aptitude tests and a battery of 25 cognitive-components-based tests were administered to 298 men and women to investigate the common sources of variance in those batteries. Earlier confirmatory factor analyses showed each battery to have a hierarchical structure, each with a single higher order factor. The higher order factor in the paper-and-pencil battery had previously been identified as general cognitive ability, or g. The higher order factor from the cognitive-components battery had been identified as working memory. The intercorrelation of the higher order factors from the two batteries was .994, indicating that both measured g. The proportion of common variance because of g was greater in the cognitive-components battery than in the paper-and-pencil battery. The correlations between each factor based on cognitive components and g averaged .946. Despite theoretical foundations and arguments, cognitive components tests appear to measure much the same thing as traditional paper-and-pencil tests. C1 ARMSTRONG LAB,HUMAN RESOURCES DIRECTORATE,BROOKS AFB,TX 78235. RP Stauffer, JM (reprint author), INDIANA STATE UNIV,DEPT MANAGEMENT & FINANCE,TERRE HAUTE,IN 47809, USA. NR 30 TC 44 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 3 PU HELDREF PUBLICATIONS PI WASHINGTON PA 1319 EIGHTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-1802 SN 0022-1309 J9 J GEN PSYCHOL JI J. Gen. Psychol. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 123 IS 3 BP 193 EP 205 PG 13 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA VW019 UT WOS:A1996VW01900003 ER PT J AU Chougnet, C Wynn, TA Clerici, M Landay, AL Kessler, HA Rusnak, J Melcher, GP Sher, A Shearer, GM AF Chougnet, C Wynn, TA Clerici, M Landay, AL Kessler, HA Rusnak, J Melcher, GP Sher, A Shearer, GM TI Molecular analysis of decreased interleukin-12 production in persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID INTERFERON-GAMMA; CELLS; HIV AB Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease is associated with loss of type 1 responses, including interleukin (IL)-12 production. The dramatic drop in p70 production seen at early stages of disease was found not to be associated with a similarly decreased p40 mRNA expression. p35 mRNA expression was more extensively reduced than p40 mRNA expression at these early stages, Monocytes infected in vitro with HIV displayed decreased p35 expression and p70 production, suggesting that such decreased IL-12 expression may contribute to reduced IL-12 production in HIV-positive patients' cells. In addition, treatment of cells with IL-10 increased IL-10 mRNA expression and decreased p40 expression in both MV-positive and -negative cells, while neutralization of IL-10 increased p40 mRNA levels. These observations, together with the observed hyperproduction of IL-10 in HIV-positive patients, may explain the dysregulation of IL-12 production seen in HIV disease. C1 NIAID,PARASIT DIS LAB,NIH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. UNIV MILAN,CATTEDRA IMMUNOL,MILAN,ITALY. RUSH MED COLL,CHICAGO,IL 60612. WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,LACKLAND AFB,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78236. RP Chougnet, C (reprint author), NCI,EXPTL IMMUNOL BRANCH,NIH,BLDG 10,ROOM 4B-17,10 CTR DR NSC 1360,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. RI Wynn, Thomas/C-2797-2011 NR 35 TC 115 Z9 116 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 174 IS 1 BP 46 EP 53 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA UT468 UT WOS:A1996UT46800006 PM 8656012 ER PT J AU WILLIAMS, WJ AF WILLIAMS, WJ TI A HISTORICAL DICTIONARY OF THE UNITED-STATES-MERCHANT-MARINE AND SHIPPING INDUSTRY SINCE THE INTRODUCTION OF STEAM - DELAPEDRAJA,R SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Book Review RP WILLIAMS, WJ (reprint author), USAF ACAD,COLORADO SPRINGS,CO 80840, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU VIRGINIA MILITARY INST PI LEXINGTON PA LEXINGTON, VA 24450 SN 0899-3718 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 60 IS 3 BP 567 EP 568 DI 10.2307/2944547 PG 2 WC History SC History GA UY496 UT WOS:A1996UY49600031 ER PT J AU ABADI, J AF ABADI, J TI WAR IN THE INDIAN-OCEAN - ROY,MK SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Book Review RP ABADI, J (reprint author), USAF ACAD,COLORADO SPRINGS,CO 80840, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU VIRGINIA MILITARY INST PI LEXINGTON PA LEXINGTON, VA 24450 SN 0899-3718 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 60 IS 3 BP 584 EP 585 DI 10.2307/2944561 PG 2 WC History SC History GA UY496 UT WOS:A1996UY49600045 ER PT J AU Grisch, F AttalTretout, B Bouchardy, P Katta, VR Roquemore, MM AF Grisch, F AttalTretout, B Bouchardy, P Katta, VR Roquemore, MM TI A vortex-flame interaction study using four-wave mixing techniques SO JOURNAL OF NONLINEAR OPTICAL PHYSICS & MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th French/Israeli Symposium on Nonlinear and Quantum Optics (FRISNO-4) CY JAN 21-25, 1996 CL LES ARES, FRANCE SP Minist Affaires Etrangferes, France, Minist Def, France, France Telecom, Ctr Natl Etudes Telecommun, Commissariat Energie Atom, Soc Jobin Yvon ID DIFFUSION; CARS AB Temperature and NO concentration can change dramatically during a vortex-flame interaction. In this paper, a vertically mounted buoyant hydrogen-nitrogen jet diffusion flame is used to study vortex-flame interaction. Single shot measurements of temperature by Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering (CARS) and of NO concentration by Degenerate Four Wave Mixing (DFWM) are used to investigate the temporal and spatial evolution of the flame. The results are compared with theoretical predictions. Temperature and mole fraction are presented in two-dimensional maps. Experimental and theoretical results are in excellent agreement. C1 INNOVAT SCI SOLUT INC,DAYTON,OH 45430. USAF,WRIGHT LAB,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. RP Grisch, F (reprint author), OFF NATL ETUD & RECH AEROSP,29 AVE DIV LECLERC,BP 72,F-92322 CHATILLON,FRANCE. NR 12 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE SN 0218-1991 J9 J NONLINEAR OPT PHYS JI J. Nonlinear Opt. Phys. Mater. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 5 IS 3 BP 505 EP 526 DI 10.1142/S0218863596000349 PG 22 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA VN448 UT WOS:A1996VN44800007 ER PT J AU Kontogiorgis, S DeLeone, R Meyer, RR AF Kontogiorgis, S DeLeone, R Meyer, RR TI Alternating direction splittings for block angular parallel optimization SO JOURNAL OF OPTIMIZATION THEORY AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE alternating directions method; block angular optimization; parallel computation; multicommodity flows ID OPERATORS AB We develop and compare three decomposition algorithms derived from the method of alternating directions. They may be viewed as block Gauss-Seidel variants of augmented Lagrangian approaches that take advantage of block angular structure. From a parallel computation viewpoint, they are ideally suited to a data parallel environment. Numerical results for large-scale multicommodity flow problems are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of these decomposition algorithms on the Thinking Machines CM-5 parallel supercomputer relative to the widely-used serial optimization package MINOS 5.4. C1 UNIV CAMERINO,DIPARTIMENTO MATEMAT & FIS,I-62032 CAMERINO,ITALY. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT COMP SCI,MADISON,WI 53706. RP Kontogiorgis, S (reprint author), US AIR OPERAT RES,ARLINGTON,VA, USA. OI De Leone, Renato/0000-0001-9783-608X NR 20 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0022-3239 J9 J OPTIMIZ THEORY APP JI J. Optim. Theory Appl. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 90 IS 1 BP 1 EP 29 DI 10.1007/BF02192243 PG 29 WC Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics, Applied SC Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics GA UX337 UT WOS:A1996UX33700001 ER PT J AU Ford, EG Jaufmann, BA Kaste, SC Foody, LJ Kuivila, TE AF Ford, EG Jaufmann, BA Kaste, SC Foody, LJ Kuivila, TE TI Successful staged surgical correction of congenital segmental spinal dysgenesis and complete rotary subluxation of the thoracolumbar spine in an infant SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC SURGERY LA English DT Article DE congenital spinal anomalies; dysraphism; subluxation; vertebral anomalies ID SONOGRAPHY; DYSRAPHISM; ANOMALIES AB Congenital segmental spinal dysgenesis is a rare lesion that usually is associated with neurological deficits. Affected infants who are neurologically intact may suffer progressive kyphosis and subsequent neurological deterioration. Results of external casting, laminectomy with spinal fixation, or bone grafting of the defect have been disappointing. The authors present a successful staged surgical management scheme consisting of complete resection of the dysraphic vertebral bodies, maintenance of normal vertebral distance with rib strut grafting, and fusion with autogenous bone. Copyright (C) 1996 by W.B. Saunders Company C1 DEPT GEN SURG, DIV PEDIAT SURG, TEMPLE, TX USA. SCOTT & WHITE MEM HOSP & CLIN, TEMPLE, TX 76508 USA. SCOTT SHERWOOD & BRINDLEY FDN, TEMPLE, TX USA. TEXAS A&M UNIV, HLTH SCI CTR, COLL MED, TEMPLE, TX 76508 USA. CAPE FEAR NEUROSCI INST, DEPT NEUROSURG, FAYETTEVILLE, AR USA. ST JUDE CHILDRENS RES HOSP, DEPT DIAGNOST IMAGING, MEMPHIS, TN 38105 USA. BUTTERWORTH HOSP, DEPT NEUROSURG, GRAND RAPIDS, MI USA. WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR, DEPT ORTHOPED SURG, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78236 USA. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0022-3468 J9 J PEDIATR SURG JI J. Pediatr. Surg. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 31 IS 7 BP 960 EP 964 DI 10.1016/S0022-3468(96)90422-4 PG 5 WC Pediatrics; Surgery SC Pediatrics; Surgery GA UV707 UT WOS:A1996UV70700023 PM 8811568 ER PT J AU Wu, PK Chen, TH Carter, CD AF Wu, PK Chen, TH Carter, CD TI Injection of supercritical ethylene in nitrogen SO JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER LA English DT Article AB The injection of supercritical fuel into a quiescent gas environment was experimentally studied to elucidate the effects of thermophysical and transport properties near the critical point on jet appearance, shock structures, and choking, Ethylene and nitrogen were used to simulate interactions between fuel and air. Conditions near the thermodynamic critical point of ethylene are considered, with supercritical temperatures and pressures upstream of the injector and subcritical pressures downstream of the injector. Flow visualization showed an opaque region resulting from fuel condensation when fuel was injected at near room temperature. At higher injectant temperatures, the ethylene jet was found to have a shock structure similar to that of an underexpanded ideal-gas jet, Mass flow rates were found to be insensitive to the variation of back pressure, indicating that the jet flow is choked, Mass flow rates were normalized by those values calculated for ideal-gas jets under the same conditions. The normalized mass how rate first increases as injection conditions approach the critical temperature, apparently because of the rapid increase in fluid density, and then decreases, possibly as a result of the coexistence of liquid and gas phases at the nozzle exit. C1 SYST RES LABS INC,DAYTON,OH 45440. USAF,WRIGHT LAB,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. RP Wu, PK (reprint author), TAITECH INC,BEAVERCREEK,OH 45440, USA. NR 17 TC 18 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0748-4658 J9 J PROPUL POWER JI J. Propul. Power PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 12 IS 4 BP 770 EP 777 DI 10.2514/3.24100 PG 8 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA UX580 UT WOS:A1996UX58000019 ER PT J AU Wilde, N Brown, SM AF Wilde, N Brown, SM TI The GUMP process for software maintenance and maintenance education SO JOURNAL OF SOFTWARE MAINTENANCE-RESEARCH AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE software maintenance; software process model; process architecture; standards; management AB Software producing organizations attempt to improve their cost, schedule and quality performance by defining an organizational software process model, Educators try to teach their students the virtues of following such a process in software development and maintenance. But most software process models are proprietary so there are few readily available examples to help guide these efforts. This paper outlines the 'Generic University of West Florida Maintenance Process (GUMP)' which has been developed, used and refined over a period of almost two years in an educational setting, It describes the key maintenance process issues identified in this experience and the rationale for the solutions adopted in GUMP. As an academic tool, GUMP has greatly improved the learning experience in our project courses; two of our graduates have taken it as a starting point for developing a process for their employers. Full documentation for GUMP is publicly available on-line and may be copied and adapted as needed, GUMP is presented not as a 'perfect' process, but simply as a starting point that may be useful to either maintainers or educators as a point of reference for software process concepts. C1 USAF, INST TECHNOL, DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN, WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB, OH 45315 USA. RP UNIV W FLORIDA, DEPT COMP SCI, PENSACOLA, FL 32514 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 1040-550X J9 J SOFTW MAINT-RES PR JI J. Softw. Maint.-Res. Pract. PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 8 IS 4 BP 229 EP 239 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA VG658 UT WOS:A1996VG65800001 ER PT J AU Bertin, JJ Campbell, CH AF Bertin, JJ Campbell, CH TI Recent aerothermodynamic flight measurements during shuttle orbiter re-entry SO JOURNAL OF SPACECRAFT AND ROCKETS LA English DT Article AB All four Space Shuttle Orbiters, which are currently operational, have limited instrumentation packages that provide information about the aerothermodynamic environment. Heat transfer rates have been determined from the measured temperature histories using a simple technique. The experimental rates thus determined have been compared with previous flight data and with existing computations. The comparisons were used to evaluate the data in general, to study viscous-inviscid interactions such as those due to body-flap deflections, and to evaluate possible flight anomalies. C1 LOCKHEED MARTIN ENGN & SCI,HOUSTON,TX 77258. NASA,LYNDON B JOHNSON SPACE CTR,HOUSTON,TX 77058. RP Bertin, JJ (reprint author), USAF ACAD,DEPT AERONAUT,COLORADO SPRINGS,CO 80840, USA. NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0022-4650 J9 J SPACECRAFT ROCKETS JI J. Spacecr. Rockets PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 33 IS 4 BP 457 EP 462 DI 10.2514/3.26785 PG 6 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA VB402 UT WOS:A1996VB40200001 ER PT J AU Imbery, TA Edwards, PA AF Imbery, TA Edwards, PA TI Necrotizing sialometaplasia: Literature review and care reports SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DENTAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID NASAL CAVITY; MALIGNANCY; GLANDS AB The authors describe necrotizing sialometaplasia, a benign inflammatory lesion primarily involving the minor salivary glands of the hard palate. The lesion presents itself as a deep-seated palatal ulcer with clinical and histologic features mimicking those of a malignant neoplasm. The lesion is believed to be the result of vascular ischemia initiated by trauma. An incisional biopsy is required to confirm the diagnosis, and the lesion heals by secondary intention within four to 10 weeks. C1 ADV EDUC GEN DENT RESIDENCY,LANGLEY AFB,VA. USAF,DENT CORPS,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. USAF,MED CTR,DEPT ORAL MAXILLOFACIAL PATHOL,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. NR 35 TC 36 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER DENTAL ASSN PI CHICAGO PA 211 E CHICAGO AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60611 SN 0002-8177 J9 J AM DENT ASSOC JI J. Am. Dent. Assoc. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 127 IS 7 BP 1087 EP 1092 PG 6 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA UX175 UT WOS:A1996UX17500027 PM 8754467 ER PT J AU Warner, RD Jemelka, ED Jessen, AE AF Warner, RD Jemelka, ED Jessen, AE TI An outbreak of tick-bite-associated illness among military personnel subsequent to a field training exercise SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material ID MOUNTAIN SPOTTED-FEVER; RICKETTSIA-RICKETTSII; TEXAS; INFECTIONS; ANTIBODIES; ARKANSAS; DISEASES C1 AEROSP MED SQUADRON,MED GRP 75,HILL AFB,UT 84056. UNIV ARIZONA,TUCSON,AZ 85721. RP Warner, RD (reprint author), TEXAS TECH UNIV,HLTH SCI CTR,SCH MED,DEPT FAMILY & COMMUNITY MED,DIV PREVENT & OCCUP,LUBBOCK,TX 79430, USA. NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 SN 0003-1488 J9 J AM VET MED ASSOC JI J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 209 IS 1 BP 78 EP 81 PG 4 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA UU667 UT WOS:A1996UU66700023 PM 8926217 ER PT J AU Sanchez, DJ Conley, RW McIver, JK AF Sanchez, DJ Conley, RW McIver, JK TI Minimum uncertainty relations on a finite interval SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA A-OPTICS IMAGE SCIENCE AND VISION LA English DT Article AB A set of functions, c(n)(x), is presented that minimize beam dispersion for a fixed-size exit aperture. The root-mean-square deviation of the set of functions and their Fourier transforms are calculated and compared with Gaussian Fourier transform pairs. It is shown for C-n(k), the Fourier transforms of the c(n)(x), that as n increases, the energy in the central lobe of C-n(k) increases, given that the c(n)(x) are defined such that each is smoother than the previous one. It is also shown that the c(n)(x) become narrower and the C-n(k) become broader as n increases. When the root mean square is used as the measure of the width of the functions, for n --> infinity the product of the variances of c(n)(x) and C-n(k) approaches 1/2. Additionally, it is shown that the c(n)(x) span the [-1,1] Hilbert space. (C) 1996 Optical Society of America C1 UNIV NEW MEXICO,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. RP Sanchez, DJ (reprint author), USAF,PHILLIPS LAB,KIRTLAND AFB,NM 87117, USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0740-3232 J9 J OPT SOC AM A JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. A-Opt. Image Sci. Vis. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 13 IS 7 BP 1407 EP 1421 DI 10.1364/JOSAA.13.001407 PG 15 WC Optics SC Optics GA UU124 UT WOS:A1996UU12400012 ER PT J AU Vorontsov, MA Carhart, GW Pruidze, DV Ricklin, JC Voelz, DG AF Vorontsov, MA Carhart, GW Pruidze, DV Ricklin, JC Voelz, DG TI Image quality criteria for an adaptive imaging system based on statistical analysis of the speckle field SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA A-OPTICS IMAGE SCIENCE AND VISION LA English DT Article ID PHASE-RETRIEVAL; TELESCOPE AB We introduce image quality criteria for organizing feedback control in adaptive imaging systems. These image quality criteria are dependent on the Fourier spectrum of the image and can be obtained optically with a coherent optical system. Digital processing of the image plane intensity distribution is not required. We present experimental results, along with corresponding numerical simulations, that demonstrate the potential effectiveness of these criteria for adaptive correction of phase-distorted extended-source images. (C) 1996 Optical Society of America C1 NEW MEXICO STATE UNIV,DEPT MECH ENGN,LAS CRUCES,NM 88003. USAF,PHILLIPS LAB,IMAGING BRANCH,KIRTLAND AFB,NM 87117. RP Vorontsov, MA (reprint author), USA,RES LAB,BATTLEFIELD ENVIRONM DIRECTORATE,WHITE SANDS MISSILE RANGE,NM 88002, USA. NR 26 TC 36 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 1 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0740-3232 J9 J OPT SOC AM A JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. A-Opt. Image Sci. Vis. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 13 IS 7 BP 1456 EP 1466 DI 10.1364/JOSAA.13.001456 PG 11 WC Optics SC Optics GA UU124 UT WOS:A1996UU12400017 ER PT J AU Cao, Y Beam, JE Donovan, B AF Cao, Y Beam, JE Donovan, B TI Air-cooling system for metal oxide semiconductor controlled thyristors employing miniature heat pipes SO JOURNAL OF THERMOPHYSICS AND HEAT TRANSFER LA English DT Article AB Different cooling methods for metal oxide simeiconductor controlled thyristors (MCTs) are discussed, and an air-cooling system employing miniature heat pipes as thermal spreaders Is proposed. Theoretical analyses show that the proposed air-cooling system outperforms many single-phase liquid-cooling systems. A cooling scheme involving installation of miniature heat pipes in the mounting surface of MCTs for single-phase liquid cooling is also described. For the fabrication of miniature heat pipes, an electric-discharge-machining (EDM) wire-cutting method is introduced, which can be used to directly Fabricate miniature heat pipes into the heat sink as an integral part of the cooling system. A miniature heat pipe sample is fabricated employing the proposed EDM wire-cutting method and is tested under different working conditions. Experimental results show that the miniature heat pipe works well, with an effective thermal conductance more than 100 times that of copper The EDM wire-cutting method developed in this article provides a new heat pipe fabrication method that can be used not only for MCT cooling, but for many other applications as well. C1 USAF,AEROSP POWER DIV,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. RP Cao, Y (reprint author), FLORIDA INT UNIV,DEPT MECH ENGN,MIAMI,FL 33199, USA. NR 13 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0887-8722 J9 J THERMOPHYS HEAT TR JI J. Thermophys. Heat Transf. PD JUL-SEP PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 484 EP 489 DI 10.2514/3.814 PG 6 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Engineering GA UY335 UT WOS:A1996UY33500013 ER PT J AU Puffer, RL AF Puffer, RL TI The Alaska-Siberia connection: The World War II air route - Hays,O SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review RP Puffer, RL (reprint author), USAF,HIST PROG,EDWARDS AFB,CA, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 121 IS 12 BP 132 EP 133 PG 2 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA UX600 UT WOS:A1996UX60000194 ER PT J AU Carlson, JL AF Carlson, JL TI From Acadia to Yellowstone: The National Parks of the United States SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review RP Carlson, JL (reprint author), VANDENBERG AFB LIB,VANDENBERG AFB,CA, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 121 IS 12 BP 142 EP 142 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA UX600 UT WOS:A1996UX60000251 ER PT J AU Gooley, TD Borsi, JJ Moore, JT AF Gooley, TD Borsi, JJ Moore, JT TI Automating Air Force Satellite Control Network (AFSCN) scheduling SO MATHEMATICAL AND COMPUTER MODELLING LA English DT Article DE scheduling; mixed integer programming; insertion procedure; interchange procedure; Air Force Satellite Control Network (AFSCN) scheduling AB Satellite systems play a vital role in our national defense. Military satellites generally require frequent contact with remote tracking stations for the transmission and receipt of information required for mission accomplishment and continued satellite operations. Satellite Range Scheduling (SRS) is a complex problem which involves assigning requested satellite supports to time windows at remote tracking stations. This process is currently a manual process, assisted by computer graphics and error checking. This paper presents an automated scheduling tool we have developed using mixed integer programming, and insertion and interchange heuristics. Our testing shows that this approach can be used to generate schedules comparable to current schedules considerably quicker than the current method. C1 AMCSAF,SCOTT AFB,IL 62225. AFIT ENS,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. RP Gooley, TD (reprint author), HQ AFSPC XPA,150 VANDENBERG ST,SUITE 1105,PETERSON AFB,CO 80914, USA. NR 6 TC 6 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0895-7177 J9 MATH COMPUT MODEL JI Math. Comput. Model. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 24 IS 2 BP 91 EP 101 DI 10.1016/0895-7177(96)00093-3 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA VB762 UT WOS:A1996VB76200009 ER PT J AU Warrier, SG Gundel, DB Majumdar, BS Miracle, DB AF Warrier, SG Gundel, DB Majumdar, BS Miracle, DB TI Interface effects on the micromechanical response of a transversely loaded single fiber SCS-6/Ti-6Al-4V composite SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID METAL-MATRIX COMPOSITES; INDUCED RESIDUAL-STRESSES; REINFORCED COMPOSITES; BEHAVIOR; DEFORMATION; PLASTICITY; ALUMINUM; DAMAGE AB The ability of a fiber-matrix interface to support a transverse load is typically evaluated in straight-sided composite specimens where a stress singularity exists at the free surface of the interface. This stress singularity is often the cause of crack initiation and debonding during transverse loading. In order to develop a fundamental understanding of the transverse behavior of the fiber-matrix interface, it is necessary to alter the crack initiation site from the free surface to an internal location. To achieve this objective, a cross-shaped specimen has been recently developed. In this study, based on the experimentally observed onset of nonlinearity in the stress-strain curve of these specimens and finite element analysis, the bond strength of the SCS-6/Ti-6Al-4V interface was determined to be 115 MPa. The micromechanical behavior of these specimens under transverse loading was examined by finite element analysis using this interface bond strength value and compared with experimental observations. Results demonstrate that the proposed geometry was successful in suppressing debonding at the surface and altering it to an internal event. The results from numerical analysis correlated well with the experimental stress-strain curve and several simple analytical models. In an attempt to identify the true bond strength and the interface failure criterion, the present study suggests that if failure initiates under tensile radial stresses, then the normal bond strength of the SCS-6/Ti 6Al-4V composites is about 115 MPa; under shear failure, the tangential shear strength of the interface is about 180 MPa. C1 SYSTRAN CORP,DAYTON,OH 45432. USAF,WRIGHT LAB,MAT DIRECTORATE,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. RP Warrier, SG (reprint author), UNIVERSAL ENERGY SYST INC,DAYTON,OH 45432, USA. NR 42 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 3 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 27 IS 7 BP 2035 EP 2043 DI 10.1007/BF02651952 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA UZ590 UT WOS:A1996UZ59000031 ER PT J AU Semiatin, SL Sukonnik, IM Seetharaman, V AF Semiatin, SL Sukonnik, IM Seetharaman, V TI An analysis of static recrystallization during continuous, rapid heat treatment SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article C1 TEXAS INSTRUMENTS INC,MAT & CONTROLS GRP,ATTLEBORO,MA 02703. UNIVERSAL ENERGY SYST INC,DAYTON,OH 45432. RP Semiatin, SL (reprint author), USAF,DIV MET & CERAM,WRIGHT LAB MAT DIRECTORATE,WL MLLN,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. RI SEMIATIN, SHELDON/E-7264-2017 NR 16 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 4 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 27 IS 7 BP 2051 EP 2053 DI 10.1007/BF02651955 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA UZ590 UT WOS:A1996UZ59000034 ER PT J AU Shahed, AR Werchan, PM Stavinoha, WB AF Shahed, AR Werchan, PM Stavinoha, WB TI Differences in acetylcholine but not choline in brain tissue fixed by freeze fixation or microwave heating SO METHODS AND FINDINGS IN EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE tissue integrity; acetylcholine; choline; microwave fixation; freeze fixation ID ENERGY METABOLITES AB Among the many rapidly metabolized compounds in the brain, acetylcholine is one of the most challenging to sample effectively due to its rapid synthesis, degradation and sequestration. To ascertain problems that invalidate sampling procedures two methods of tissue fixation, microwave heat inactivation and freeze fixation, were used for obtaining mice and rat brain samples, respectively. The data show that acetylcholine levels obtained by microwave fixation were much higher than those obtained by freeze fixation. Choline levels were not affected by the fixation methods used. Microwave fixation results in more accurate assessment of acetylcholine levels than the freeze fixation method, even though the tissue fixation time was less than 1 s in both methods, because tissue integrity is maintained in the microwave fixation, but not during freeze fixation. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX. RP Shahed, AR (reprint author), ARMSTRONG LAB,CFTF,OPERAT TECHNOL CORP,2504 GILLINGHAM DR,STE 25,BROOKS AFB,TX 78235, USA. NR 6 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU J R PROUS SA PI BARCELONA PA APARTADO DE CORREOS 540, PROVENZA 388, 08025 BARCELONA, SPAIN SN 0379-0355 J9 METHOD FIND EXP CLIN JI Methods Find. Exp. Clin. Pharmacol. PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 18 IS 6 BP 349 EP 351 PG 3 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA VJ385 UT WOS:A1996VJ38500001 PM 8892263 ER PT J AU Ritter, J Stromquist, VK Mayfield, HT Henley, MV Lavine, BK AF Ritter, J Stromquist, VK Mayfield, HT Henley, MV Lavine, BK TI Solid phase microextraction for monitoring jet fuel components in groundwater SO MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID FIBERS AB The water soluble fraction of aviation jet fuels was examined using solid phase microextraction. Gas chromatographic profiles of microextracts obtained from the headspace of water samples contaminated by neat jet fuels revealed that each jet fuel possessed a characteristic profile, which suggests that information about fuel type can be obtained from the gas chromatograms of the dissolved hydrocarbons. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc. C1 EQ,AL,TYNDALL AFB,FL 32403. CLARKSON UNIV,DEPT CHEM,POTSDAM,NY 13699. MICHIGAN TECHNOL UNIV,DEPT CIVIL & ENVIRONM ENGN,HOUGHTON,MI 49931. NR 11 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0026-265X J9 MICROCHEM J JI Microchem J. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 54 IS 1 BP 59 EP 71 DI 10.1006/mchj.1996.0077 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA UZ727 UT WOS:A1996UZ72700008 ER PT J AU Popper, MSE Hebrink, ST Smith, DA Stewart, TB AF Popper, MSE Hebrink, ST Smith, DA Stewart, TB TI Impact on USAF tuberculosis detection and control program given a low facility tuberculosis prevalence rate SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID THERAPY; RISK AB Isoniazid prophylaxis is a major part of the U.S. Air Force tuberculosis (TB) screening program and is closely tied to the efforts to eliminate TB, If a facility has a low prevalence rate of TD and there is no sound epidemiological evidence to rule out a false-positive TB skin test, a higher threshold for what constitutes a positive reaction in a given population may be appropriate, Criteria for preventive treatment in Air Force Instruction 48-115, para 3.4.2 and 3.4.5, should be expanded to incorporate the positive-predictive rate of the tuberculin skin test as recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. RP Popper, MSE (reprint author), 74 AMDS,SGPF,AEROSP MED SQUADRON,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 161 IS 7 BP 432 EP 435 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA UW855 UT WOS:A1996UW85500014 ER PT J AU Popper, MSE Hebrink, ST Smith, DA Stewart, TB AF Popper, MSE Hebrink, ST Smith, DA Stewart, TB TI Cellulitis versus positive purified protein derivative? A case report and review of the literature SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID TUBERCULIN AB The tuberculin skin test is one of the most widely used diagnostic aids ever developed and remains the only technique of detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection other than actually culturing the organism, False-positives are an acknowledged problem, especially among health care workers (HCW), in whom rescreening can raise more questions than answers. A HCW presented with a severe response to an annual screening test and was retested 6 weeks later with normal results (non-reactive), Causes of false-positives (not including cross-reactivity) are discussed, Readers of the purified protein derivative reaction need to consider alternative explanations for a significant response than infection with tuberculosis, given the medical history and nature of response. RP Popper, MSE (reprint author), 74 AMDS, SGPF, AEROSP MED SQUADRON, WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 EI 1930-613X J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 161 IS 7 BP 436 EP 437 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA UW855 UT WOS:A1996UW85500015 ER PT J AU Vickers, VE AF Vickers, VE TI Plateau equalization algorithm for real-time display of high-quality infrared imagery SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE plateau equalization; histogram equalization; histogram projection; infrared imagery; display algorithms AB The plateau equalization algorithm for display of IR images is defined to include histogram equalization and histogram projection as special cases. A maximum gain parameter is defined and surveyed for a large number of images, determining the useful range of plateau values. Analysis of hardware experience with histogram projection explains why it produces intensity jitter in very low contrast scenes. Detailed flow charts for hardware implementation of plateau equalization are provided. (C) 1996 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. RP Vickers, VE (reprint author), USAF,ROME LAB,EROI,80 SCOTT DR,BEDFORD,MA 01731, USA. NR 6 TC 36 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 7 PU SOC PHOTO-OPT INSTRUM ENG PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 35 IS 7 BP 1921 EP 1926 DI 10.1117/1.601006 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA VA116 UT WOS:A1996VA11600015 ER PT J AU Arriaga, M Gorum, M AF Arriaga, M Gorum, M TI Enhanced retrosigmoid exposure with posterior semicircular canal resection SO OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY LA English DT Article ID ACOUSTIC TUMOR SURGERY; TRANSLABYRINTHINE APPROACH; HEARING AB A subset of patients with acoustic neuromas and useful hearing have tumors that are inadequately approached by both middle fossa and retrosigmoid techniques, The enhanced retrosigmoid technique combines the hearing preservation of posterior semicircular canal ablation to achieve lateral internal auditory canal exposure with the ample cerebellopontine angle exposure of the standard retrosigmoid technique. C1 WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,DEPT OTOL NEUROTOL,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236. WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,DEPT NEUROSURG,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236. NR 6 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0194-5998 J9 OTOLARYNG HEAD NECK JI Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 115 IS 1 BP 46 EP 48 DI 10.1016/S0194-5998(96)70135-3 PG 3 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA VA141 UT WOS:A1996VA14100007 PM 8758629 ER PT J AU Karr, SE AF Karr, SE TI Fiber stretching SO PHOTONICS SPECTRA LA English DT Letter RP Karr, SE (reprint author), RAYTHEON,PATRICK AFB,FL 32925, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LAURIN PUBL CO INC PI PITTSFIELD PA BERKSHIRE COMMON PO BOX 1146, PITTSFIELD, MA 01202 SN 0731-1230 J9 PHOTON SPECTRA JI Photon. Spect. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 30 IS 7 BP 69 EP 69 PG 1 WC Optics SC Optics GA UY243 UT WOS:A1996UY24300033 ER PT J AU Bunning, TJ Natarajan, LV Tondiglia, VP Sutherland, RL Vezie, DL Adams, WW AF Bunning, TJ Natarajan, LV Tondiglia, VP Sutherland, RL Vezie, DL Adams, WW TI Morphology of reflection holograms formed in situ using polymer-dispersed liquid crystals SO POLYMER LA English DT Article DE reflection grating; hologram; photopolymerization ID PHOTOPOLYMER AB The morphology of a reflection grating formed using a polymer-dispersed liquid crystalline material system is examined using low-voltage high-resolution scanning electron and transmission electron microscopy. The grating is formed by establishing a fringe pattern in the intensity profile of an argon-ion laser line (lambda = 488 nm) leading to a periodic anisotropic cure through the thickness of the film. The in situ, one-step procedure produces periodic layers of polymer- and LC-rich planes lying parallel to the film surface. Droplet diameters are very small (<100 nm) and little coalescence of individual droplets is observed. The grating spacing measured from electron micrographs (153 nm) nearly corresponds to the expected spacing from the observed reflection notch at lambda = 472 nm. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 USAF,WRIGHT LAB,MAT DIRECTORATE,MLPJ,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. RP Bunning, TJ (reprint author), SCI APPLICAT INT CORP,101 WOODMAN DR,SUITE 103,DAYTON,OH 45431, USA. RI Adams, Wade/A-7305-2010 NR 13 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0032-3861 J9 POLYMER JI Polymer PD JUL PY 1996 VL 37 IS 14 BP 3147 EP 3150 DI 10.1016/0032-3861(96)89417-1 PG 4 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA UW431 UT WOS:A1996UW43100034 ER PT J AU Shikora, SA Ogawa, AM AF Shikora, SA Ogawa, AM TI Enteral nutrition and the critically ill SO POSTGRADUATE MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE malnutrition; nutrition support; critical illness; enteral nutrition ID MULTIPLE-ORGAN-FAILURE; METABOLIC RESPONSE; PARENTERAL-NUTRITION; ABDOMINAL-TRAUMA; SEPTIC MORBIDITY; IMMUNE FUNCTION; DIARRHEA; GUT; SUPPORT; PEPTIDE AB Critically ill patients invariably require nutritional intervention. Traditionally, enteral nutrition has not been widely employed in this patient population. due in part to the success present-day parenteral nutrition, and to difficulties encountered with enteral feeding. Recent evidence has demonstrated that enteral is preferable to parenteral nutrition in terms of cost, complications, gut mucosal maintenance, and metabolic and immune function. Enterally administered nutritional support can and should be utilised as the preferred route of nourishment for the critically ill. The appropriate choice of access and formula, as well as a rational strategy for implementation, should improve the likelihood of success. This article describes the unique features of critical illness as they pertain to nutritional support, the benefits of enteral nutrition, and the obstacles to success, and offers suggestions which may improve the ability to provide nutrients adequately via the intestinal tract. C1 WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,NUTR SUPPORT SERV,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236. NR 55 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU BRITISH MED JOURNAL PUBL GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND WC1H 9JR SN 0032-5473 J9 POSTGRAD MED J JI Postgrad. Med. J. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 72 IS 849 BP 395 EP 402 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA UU845 UT WOS:A1996UU84500004 PM 8935598 ER PT J AU Schmidt, DL Davidson, KE Theibert, LS AF Schmidt, DL Davidson, KE Theibert, LS TI Evolution of carbon-carbon composites (CCC) SO SAMPE JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB Carbon-carbon composites (CCC) belong to the family of advanced composites. They are composed of a fibrous carbon reinforcement, a carbonaceous or graphitic matrix, and sometimes a filler or coating to impart specialized properties. The CCC materials provide a wide range of properties, which have been found useful in aerospace, defense, frictional, industrial, scientific, and other fields. CCC materials have evolved rapidly over the past three and a half decades. Documentation of progress in open literature however, has been limited and widely scattered. With the aid of the international materials community, over 1,400 CCC events have been recorded. These data have provided a historical perspective, but, in addition, they have provided the basis for a look at future developments and applications. C1 USAF, WRIGHT LAB, MAT DIRECTORATE, WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Schmidt, DL (reprint author), UNIV DAYTON, RES INST, DAYTON, OH 45469 USA. NR 26 TC 10 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU SAMPE PUBLISHERS PI COVINA PA 1161 PARKVIEW DRIVE, COVINA, CA 91722 USA SN 0091-1062 J9 SAMPE J JI Sampe J. PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 32 IS 4 BP 44 EP 50 PG 7 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA UV743 UT WOS:A1996UV74300007 ER PT J AU Ryan, KL Frei, MR Berger, RE Jauchem, JR AF Ryan, KL Frei, MR Berger, RE Jauchem, JR TI Does nitric oxide mediate circulatory failure induced by 35-GHz microwave heating? SO SHOCK LA English DT Article ID METHYL-L-ARGININE; BLOOD-PRESSURE; VASOCONSTRICTOR AGENTS; HEMORRHAGIC-SHOCK; RATS; SYNTHASE; HYPOTENSION; INHIBITION; HYPOREACTIVITY; HYPERTHERMIA AB The purpose of this study was to determine whether nitric oxide (NO) contributes to the hypotensive state induced by exposure to radiofrequency radiation of millimeter-wavelength (MMW). This was accomplished using a synthetic analogue of L-arginine, N-omega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), to competitively inhibit NO synthesis. Ketamine-anesthetized rats were instrumented for the measurement of arterial blood pressure, EGG, and temperature at five sites. Animals were exposed to 35-GHz radiofrequency radiation until mean arterial pressure (MAP) decreased to 75 mmHg. MMW exposure was then halted and either saline or L-NAME (1, 2.5, 5, or 10 mg/kg) was administered; each rat received only one dose. Following irradiation, L-NAME at each dose produced a peak increase in MAP that was smaller than that produced by the same dose of L-NAME in nonirradiated rats. There was no difference in post-MMW survival times between L-NAME- and saline-treated rats. These results indicate that bolus administration of L-NAME does not reverse hypotension induced by 35-GHz microwave heating, suggesting that excess levels of NO do not mediate this form of circulatory failure. C1 OPERAT TECHNOL CORP,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78229. USAF,ARMSTRONG LAB,RADIOFREQUENCY RADIAT DIV,BROOKS AFB,TX 78235. RP Ryan, KL (reprint author), TRINITY UNIV,DEPT BIOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78212, USA. NR 36 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOMEDICAL PRESS PI AUGUSTA PA 1021 15TH ST, BIOTECH PARK STE 9, AUGUSTA, GA 30901 SN 1073-2322 J9 SHOCK JI Shock PD JUL PY 1996 VL 6 IS 1 BP 71 EP 76 DI 10.1097/00024382-199607000-00015 PG 6 WC Critical Care Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC General & Internal Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA UX765 UT WOS:A1996UX76500015 PM 8828089 ER PT J AU Stytz, MR Kunz, AA AF Stytz, MR Kunz, AA TI Distributed virtual environment for satellite orbital modelling and near-earth space environment simulation and portrayal SO SIMULATION LA English DT Article DE virtual environments; distributed environments; distributed interactive simulation; space environments AB The Satellite Modeler (SM) is a distributed virtual environment application that simulates the near-Earth space environment and portrays 3D graphical satellite models moving in their correct orbits around the Earth. The system allows the user to view satellites in orbit from both a space-based and Earth-based point of view. The Satellite Modeler provides capabilities that allow a user to interact with multiple satellite models and with active satellite constellations. The user can establish satellite constellations. The user can establish satellite orbital parameters during distributed virtual environment initialization and while the virtual environment is running. The system also functions as a network actor in a distributed virtual environment. The Satellite Modeler achieves realistic physical modeling of satellite orbital motion by basing its orbital calculations upon orbital mechanics and NORAD orbital element descriptions for satellites in orbit. RP Stytz, MR (reprint author), USAF,INST TECHNOL,3D MED IMAGING & COMP GRAPH LAB,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SIMULATION COUNCILS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA PO BOX 17900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92117 SN 0037-5497 J9 SIMULATION JI Simulation PD JUL PY 1996 VL 67 IS 1 BP 7 EP 20 DI 10.1177/003754979606700102 PG 14 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA WJ287 UT WOS:A1996WJ28700002 ER PT J AU Pack, DJ AF Pack, DJ TI Comparative study of motion control methods: A case study for a nonlinear system SO SIMULATION LA English DT Article DE linear controller; nonlinear controller; neural controller; fuzzy controller; differential geometry ID FUZZY-LOGIC CONTROLLER AB In the context of controlling an inverted pendulum, the novel ideas presented in this paper relate to i) the design of a fuzzy logic controller; ii) the design of a neural-network controller; and iii) implementation of a nonlinear controller based on differential-geometric notions. These novel ideas are presented in a comparative setting where five different control schemes are compared: a proportional and derivative controller, a linear quadratic controller, a nonlinear controller, a neural network controller, and a fuzzy logic controller. The paper shows how the controllable portion of the four dimensional space of control variables changes with the different control schemes. This is done by defining an ''effectiveness coefficient'' that is the ratio of the portion of the size of the controllable region to the size of the overall space as spanned by the position variables. The overall conclusion may be summarized by the following values of the effectiveness coefficient for the five different control schemes. RP Pack, DJ (reprint author), USAF ACAD,DEPT ELECT ENGN,COLORADO SPRINGS,CO 80840, USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SIMULATION COUNCILS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA PO BOX 17900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92117 SN 0037-5497 J9 SIMULATION JI Simulation PD JUL PY 1996 VL 67 IS 1 BP 35 EP 49 DI 10.1177/003754979606700105 PG 15 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA WJ287 UT WOS:A1996WJ28700005 ER PT J AU Anholt, R Bozada, C Dettmer, R Via, D Jenkins, T Barrette, J Ebel, J Havasy, C Sewell, J Quach, T AF Anholt, R Bozada, C Dettmer, R Via, D Jenkins, T Barrette, J Ebel, J Havasy, C Sewell, J Quach, T TI Measuring, modeling, and minimizing capacitances in heterojunction bipolar transistors SO SOLID-STATE ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article AB We demonstrate methods to separate junction and pad capacitances from on-wafer S-parameter measurements of HBTs with different areas and layouts. The measured junction capacitances are in good agreement with models, indicating that large-area devices are suitable for monitoring vendor epi-wafer doping. Measuring open HBTs does not give the correct pad capacitances. Finally, a capacitance comparison for a variety of layouts shows that bar-devices consistently give smaller base-collector values than multiple dot HBTs. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 WRIGHT LAB,SOLID STATE ELECTR DIRECTORATE,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. RP Anholt, R (reprint author), GATEWAY MODELING INC,1604 E RIVER TERRACE,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55414, USA. NR 3 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0038-1101 J9 SOLID STATE ELECTRON JI Solid-State Electron. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 39 IS 7 BP 961 EP 963 DI 10.1016/0038-1101(96)00005-6 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA UU394 UT WOS:A1996UU39400002 ER PT J AU Liou, LL Jenkins, T Barrette, J Barlage, D Lee, R AF Liou, LL Jenkins, T Barrette, J Barlage, D Lee, R TI Small-signal microwave characteristics of AlGaAs/GaAs heterojunction bipolar transistors using 1D numerical simulation including thermal and parasitic effects SO SOLID-STATE ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article RP Liou, LL (reprint author), USAF,WRIGHT LAB,SOLID STATE ELECT DIRECTORATE,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0038-1101 J9 SOLID STATE ELECTRON JI Solid-State Electron. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 39 IS 7 BP 1104 EP 1108 DI 10.1016/0038-1101(95)00419-X PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA UU394 UT WOS:A1996UU39400025 ER PT J AU Olive, KE Ballard, JA AF Olive, KE Ballard, JA TI Changes in employee smoking behavior after implementation of restrictive smoking policies SO SOUTHERN MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID CIGARETTE CONSUMPTION; ATTITUDES; IMPACT; BAN; CALIFORNIA; WORKPLACE AB How do restrictive smoking policies affect the smoking behavior of employees? At two federal hospitals, 2,700 employees completed written surveys after implementation of restrictive smoking policies. At one hospital, smokers reported less smoking at work (down 2.0 cigarettes a day at 6 months, 1.7 at 12) without compensatory smoking. At the other, no significant changes in smoking behavior were reported. However, at both hospitals, some baseline smokers quit smoking. At 6 months, 9% had quit at one hospital and 8% at the other. Analyses were done using these two studies and 17 published studies. In 11 of 11 studies, consumption at work decreased, and in 12 of 14, total daily consumption decreased. Regression analysis indicated that the number of smokers who quit smoking after policy implementation increases over time at rates exceeding those normally expected in the population. Smoking policies appear to effect a reduction in total cigarette consumption and an increase in the number of smokers who quit. C1 USAF,INST TECHNOL,DEPT COMMUN & ORG SCI,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,DAYTON,OH. USAF,MED CTR,DEPT MED,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,DAYTON,OH. COLL MT ST JOSEPH,DEPT BUSINESS ADM,CINCINNATI,OH. RP Olive, KE (reprint author), E TENNESSEE STATE UNIV,JAMES H QUILLEN COLL MED,DEPT INTERNAL MED,BOX 70622,JOHNSON CITY,TN 37614, USA. NR 33 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 4 U2 4 PU SOUTHERN MEDICAL ASSN PI BIRMINGHAM PA 35 LAKESHORE DR PO BOX 190088, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35219 SN 0038-4348 J9 SOUTHERN MED J JI South.Med.J. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 89 IS 7 BP 699 EP 706 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA UY124 UT WOS:A1996UY12400010 PM 8685757 ER PT J AU Feldkamp, JR AF Feldkamp, JR TI A multi-domain weighted residual method for the one-electron Schrodinger equation: Application to H-2(+) SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PLANE-WAVE METHOD; HARTREE-FOCK EQUATIONS; PSEUDOSPECTRAL METHOD; POLYATOMIC-MOLECULES AB The Schrodinger equation is solved for a single electron moving in the coulombic field of some arbitrary configuration of nuclei. Space is partitioned by centering a sphere on each of the individual nuclei without any overlap or touching of the spheres, i.e., muffin-tin spheres. All regions are treated by a weighted residual technique, which is a more general approach than the variational method. Outside the spheres, both the wavefunction and its product with the potential energy function are expanded as a linear combination of solutions taken from the modified Helmholtz equation (M.H.E.). A basis set is prepared by solving the M.H.E. repeatedly for a select set of eigenvalues and boundary conditions, using a boundary integral technique. Inside any sphere, the wavefunction is written as a linear combination of terms, each a product of a radial function and a spherical harmonic. The radial factor is written as product of an exponential and a power series. For either region, an alternate basis set is chosen to supply the weight functions required by the weighted residual approach. Weight functions are chosen according to their ability to provide increased efficiency and accuracy. Only simple integrals over the sphere surfaces are involved in calculating matrix coefficients. In order to demonstrate the method, the H-2(+) molecule is considered as a test case, with the potential energy function treated in full. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. RP Feldkamp, JR (reprint author), APPL RES ASSOCIATES INC,ARMSTRONG LAB,TYNDALL AFB,FL 32403, USA. NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUN 22 PY 1996 VL 104 IS 24 BP 9897 EP 9907 DI 10.1063/1.471754 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA UR692 UT WOS:A1996UR69200024 ER PT J AU Goodman, JC Trask, TW Chen, SH Woo, SLC Grossman, RG Carey, KD Hubbard, GB Carrier, DA Rajagopalan, S AguilarCordova, E Shine, HD AF Goodman, JC Trask, TW Chen, SH Woo, SLC Grossman, RG Carey, KD Hubbard, GB Carrier, DA Rajagopalan, S AguilarCordova, E Shine, HD TI Adenoviral-mediated thymidine kinase gene transfer into the primate brain followed by systemic ganciclovir: Pathologic, radiologic, and molecular studies SO HUMAN GENE THERAPY LA English DT Article ID HERPES-SIMPLEX VIRUS; IN-VIVO; EXPERIMENTAL GLIOMAS; EXPERIMENTAL-MODEL; THERAPY; TUMORS; CANCER; VECTORS; INFECTION; CELLS AB Transduction of experimental gliomas with the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene (HSV-tk) using a replication-defective adenoviral vector (ADV/RSV-tk) confers sensitivity to ganciclovir (GCV) leading to tumor destruction and prolonged host survival in rodents, To determine treatment tolerance prior to clinical trials, we conducted toxicity studies in 6 adult baboons (Papio sp,), The animals received intracerebral injections of either a high dose of ADV/RSV-tk [1.5 x 10(9) plaque-forming units (pfu)] with or without GCV, or a low dose of ADV/RSV-tk (7.5 x 10(7) pfu) with GCV. The low dose corresponded to the anticipated therapeutic dose; the high dose was expected to be toxic, Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain was obtained before treatment and at 3 and 6 weeks after treatment, Animals receiving the high-dose vector and GCV either died or became moribund and required euthanasia during the first 8 days of treatment, Necropsies revealed cavities of coagulative necrosis at the injection sites, Animals receiving only the high-dose vector were clinically normal; however, lesions were detected with MRI at the injection sites corresponding to cystic cavities at necropsy, Animals receiving the low-dose vector and GCV were clinically normal, exhibited small MRI abnormalities, and, although no gross lesions were present at necropsy, microscopic foci of necrosis were present, The vector sequence was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) at the injection sites and in nonadjacent central nervous system tissue in all animals, Recombinant DNA sequence was detected outside of the nervous system in some animals, and persisted up to 6 weeks, The viral vector injections stimulated the production of neutralizing antibodies in the animals, No shedding of the vector was found in urine, feces, or serum 7 days after intracerebral injection, This study suggests that further investigations including clinical toxicity trials of this form of brain tumor therapy are warranted. C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT CELL BIOL,HOUSTON,TX 77030. BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT NEUROSURG,HOUSTON,TX 77030. BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT PEDIAT,HOUSTON,TX 77030. BAYLOR COLL MED,CTR GENE THERAPY,HOUSTON,TX 77030. HOWARD HUGHES MED INST,HOUSTON,TX 77030. SW FDN BIOMED RES,DEPT PHYSIOL & MED,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78266. SW FDN BIOMED RES,DEPT LAB ANIM MED,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78266. WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,DEPT RADIOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78236. RP Goodman, JC (reprint author), BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT PATHOL,HOUSTON,TX 77030, USA. NR 59 TC 60 Z9 60 U1 1 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 SN 1043-0342 J9 HUM GENE THER JI Hum. Gene Ther. PD JUN 20 PY 1996 VL 7 IS 10 BP 1241 EP 1250 DI 10.1089/hum.1996.7.10-1241 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Research & Experimental Medicine GA WD318 UT WOS:A1996WD31800006 PM 8793548 ER PT J AU OKeefe, MJ Grant, JT AF OKeefe, MJ Grant, JT TI Phase transformation of sputter deposited tungsten thin films with A-15 structure SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MICROSTRUCTURE; CONTACTS; GROWTH AB Transformation of sputter deposited A-15 crystal structure tungsten thin films by rapid thermal annealing and in situ heat treatments in a transmission electron microscope was investigated. Phase transformation of A-15 W into body-centered-cubic (bcc) W did not occur at a specific annealing condition but over a range of annealing times and temperatures, However, complete A-15 to bcc W transformation occurred in all samples rapid thermal annealed at 650 degrees C for I min. Variations in the transformation time and temperature for each sample were attributed to differences in the oxygen concentration in the films. The higher the oxygen concentration in the film, tile higher the temperature or longer the time required to transform A-15 W into bce W. No measurable difference in the oxygen concentration before and after transformation was found and the O and W atom's binding energies were the same in both the A-15 and bcc crystal structure. The resistivity of A-15 crystal structure films decreased significantly after transformation into the body-centered-cubic phase; on the order of 80%. The decrease in resistivity as a result of the transformation was attributed to the elimination of the A-15 defect structure and an increase in particle size by coalescence-during transformation, from similar to 5 nm in diameter in the as-deposited A-15 crystal structure to similar to 25-40 nm in diameter after transformation into bcc W. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 UNIV DAYTON,RES INST,DAYTON,OH 45469. RP OKeefe, MJ (reprint author), WRIGHT LAB,SOLID STATE ELECTR DIRECTORATE,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. NR 30 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 3 U2 19 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 15 PY 1996 VL 79 IS 12 BP 9134 EP 9141 DI 10.1063/1.362584 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA UT341 UT WOS:A1996UT34100039 ER PT J AU Lo, I Mitchel, WC Yu, PW Fathimulla, A Hier, H AF Lo, I Mitchel, WC Yu, PW Fathimulla, A Hier, H TI Effect of barrier material on the two-dimensional electron gas in delta-doped GaInAs-based quantum wells SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID INTERSUBBAND ABSORPTION; HETEROSTRUCTURES AB We have observed two-oscillations due to the first two subbands of the two-dimensional electron gas in delta-doped AlAs0.56Sb0.44/Ga0.47In0.53As and Al0.48In0.52As/Ga0.47In0.53As quantum well by Shubnikov-de Haas measurements. From the electron densities of the two subbands we determined the energy difference between the first two subbands, Delta E(01), to be 72 meV for the AlAs0.56Sb0.44/Ga0.47In0.53As, and 54 meV for the Al0.48In0.52As/Ga0.47In0.53As quantum well. By comparing with the data from an Al0.24Ga0.76As/Ga0.78In0.22As quantum well, we found that the larger band offset sample gives the higher Delta E(01), but when the band offset is relatively small, the well width may determine the energy difference Delta E(01). (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 WRIGHT LAB,MAT DIRECTORATE,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. ALLIED SIGNAL AEROSP CO,MICROELECT & TECHNOL CTR,COLUMBIA,MD 21045. RP Lo, I (reprint author), NATL SUN YAT SEN UNIV,DEPT PHYS,KAOHSIUNG 80424,TAIWAN. NR 15 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 15 PY 1996 VL 79 IS 12 BP 9196 EP 9199 DI 10.1063/1.362581 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA UT341 UT WOS:A1996UT34100047 ER PT J AU Bai, SJ Spry, RJ Alexander, MD Barkley, JR AF Bai, SJ Spry, RJ Alexander, MD Barkley, JR TI Optical attenuation in planar waveguides of unidirectionally oriented copolyester film SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID POLYMERIC THIN-FILMS; INTEGRATED-OPTICS; REFRACTIVE-INDEX; PRISM COUPLER; WAVE-GUIDES; SCATTERING; CONSTANTS; LIGHT; POLY(ETHYLENE-TEREPHTHALATE); ORIENTATION AB The in-plane optical loss was correlated with molecular orientation in a unidirectionally stretched poly(ethylene terephthalate-co-isophthalate) copolyester film. X-ray scattering was applied to ascertain the anisotropic and amorphous natures of the stretched film. The film was adhered onto a silicon wafer to fabricate a planar waveguide. Multiple TE and TM propagation modes were obtained on the planar waveguide using a prism coupler at 632.8 nm yielding in-plane refractive indices of 1.6545 and 1.5464, parallel and transverse to the stretch direction, respectively. For each waveguide mode, a propagation streak was generated and registered on photographic film. The in-plane linear attenuation coefficient, alpha(parallel to)={ln[I(O)/I(x(parallel to))]}/x(parallel to), was derived from the propagation streak. The optical path of each mode was determined and used to normalize alpha(parallel to). For the TE modes, alpha(parallel to) increased with the mode number and was highly anisotropic, i.e., alpha(parallel to) (parallel to the stretch direction)